The second objective is to increase the use of public transport compared to the business as usual (BAU). In addition to a reduction in GHG emissions the activity will lead to a reduction in NOX and SOx emissions which will have significant co-benefits such as improvement in air quality which in turn will have positive impacts on human health. Road network development is 33 ktCO2/pa, and 158 ktCO2/pa for public transport development. 5.