Building and efficiency standards: the UAE is comprehensively targeting emissions from its building sector, which account for a significant percentage of the country’s electricity and water consumption, through green building regulations, efficiency standards, retrofit programs and support structures for energy service companies across the UAE. Demand side management: the UAE has launched a number of initiatives based on consumer awareness and demand management, including new formats for water and electricity bills, which give residents detailed consumption and subsidy information. District cooling: air-conditioning accounts for a significant share of energy consumption, given the UAE’s harsh climate. Comprehensive infrastructure investments are being undertaken to move towards district cooling and improve efficiency as compared to decentralized cooling.