In addition, climate change has exacerbated the problem of water scarcity in the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and their tributaries. As indicated by the bank s estimatesThe 2011 International Convention on the existence of a significant shortage and scarcity of renewable water resources for Iraq compared to the actual need during the period from 2000 to 2009, while this percentage is expected to reach 37% during the period from 2020 to 2030, which will increase to 51% during the period from 2040 Until 2050, this explains the reason for the great collapse in the agricultural sector, which left its clear effects on agricultural production, the economy of Iraq, natural systems, biodiversity, loss of vegetation cover, and the threat to coastal marine areas overlooking the Arabian Gulf, especially in Basra Governorate in southern Iraq, due to sea level rise and warming.