The incidence of melanoma has been increasing in Brazil and all over the world.,Despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment, mortality remains unchanged.,To associate clinical and histopathological aspects with the evolution of 136 cases of cutaneous melanoma.,Retrospective cohort study that analyzed all patients diagnosed with melanoma during the period from 2003 to 2011, with at least 4 years follow up.,Archived slides were analyzed to study histopathological variables (Breslow, ulceration, mitoses and histological regression).,Medical records were used to retrieve clinical variables (age, sex, localization, time of appearance, diameter) and progression (metastases or death).,Association measures were assessed by statistical analysis.,There was no statistically significant difference between groups according to age.,Superficial spreading subtype showed lower Breslow (0.5mm) than acral lentiginous and nodular subtypes (2 and 4.6mm respectively), less ulceration and metastases (9.4% against 50 and 70.6%).,Nodular subtype had higher mitoses' median (5.0/mm2) than superficial spreading and lentigo maligna (0.0/mm2, for both).,Regression was more frequent in superficial spreading and lentigo maligna subtypes.,There were only deaths by melanoma in the acral group, however, there were deaths for other reasons in groups superficial spreading one, acral lentiginous one and lentigo maligna two.,Use of medical records as a source of data to the study.,Superficial spreading subtype presents better prognosis indicators.,Histological subtype should be considered in follow-up and treatment protocols of patients with cutaneous melanoma.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 18-23 nucleotide non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in a sequence specific manner.,Little is known about the repertoire and function of miRNAs in melanoma or the melanocytic lineage.,We therefore undertook a comprehensive analysis of the miRNAome in a diverse range of pigment cells including: melanoblasts, melanocytes, congenital nevocytes, acral, mucosal, cutaneous and uveal melanoma cells.,We sequenced 12 small RNA libraries using Illumina's Genome Analyzer II platform.,This massively parallel sequencing approach of a diverse set of melanoma and pigment cell libraries revealed a total of 539 known mature and mature-star sequences, along with the prediction of 279 novel miRNA candidates, of which 109 were common to 2 or more libraries and 3 were present in all libraries.,Some of the novel candidate miRNAs may be specific to the melanocytic lineage and as such could be used as biomarkers to assist in the early detection of distant metastases by measuring the circulating levels in blood.,Follow up studies of the functional roles of these pigment cell miRNAs and the identification of the targets should shed further light on the development and progression of melanoma.