The Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), a bird of prey found in North America, is considered the national animal or emblem of the United States. Synonymous with American identity, the Bald Eagle features prominently in the country's symbolism.

### Taxonomy and Description
Haliaeetus leucocephalus is a large bird of prey belonging to the family Accipitridae, which also includes other eagles, hawks, and vultures. The genus Haliaeetus, to which the Bald Eagle belongs, comprises sea eagles, characterized mostly by their habitat preferences which include riverbanks, coasts, and lakes.

Adult Bald Eagles are easily distinguishable by their striking appearance: they possess a white feathered head which contrasts vividly against their chocolate-brown body and wings, and a white tail. This distinctive coloration appears when the eagle reaches maturity at about 4 to 5 years of age. Juvenile Bald Eagles, in contrast, display a mottled brown color with white spots until they fully mature. Their eyes are bright yellow, and their powerful beaks, large talons, and massive feet are all bright yellow.

Standing about 3 feet tall with a wingspan ranging from 6 to 8 feet, Bald Eagles are imposing figures in their natural habitats. They are among the largest birds of prey found in North America.

### Symbolism and Cultural Significance
The emblematic status of the Bald Eagle dates back to June 20, 1782, when it was chosen as the central figure of the Great Seal of the United States, mainly because of its long lifespan, great strength, and majestic looks. This choice was intended to symbolize the strength and freedom of America.

While Benjamin Franklin famously criticized the choice, proposing the turkey as a symbol of true courage and honesty, the Bald Eagle was still favored due to its majestic stature and dominant presence. Over the decades, the Bald Eagle has become a symbol of American ideals such as freedom, courage, and resilience.

### Habitat and Conservation
Bald Eagles are typically found near large bodies of open water such as lakes, rivers, and coastal regions, where there is an abundance of food sources such as fish—their primary diet. They also consume small mammals and even other birds.

During the mid-20th century, Bald Eagles faced significant population declines due primarily to habitat destruction, illegal poaching, and the harmful effects of the pesticide DDT. However, with stringent protective legislation such as the Bald and Golden Eagle Protection Act and the banning of DDT in 1972, along with significant conservation efforts, Bald Eagle populations have successfully rebounded and the species was removed from the U.S. federal government's list of endangered species in 2007.

### In Literature and Media
The Bald Eagle continues to wield significant influence in literature, media, and pop culture, often representing liberty and democracy. It appears on various government insignias, including currency, passports, and is used in numerous government agency logos. This majestic bird also plays a key role in Indigenous American cultures, where it is revered as a spiritual figure associated with wisdom and insight.

The Bald Eagle as the national emblem is not just a testament to the U.S. commitment to wildlife conservation but also a symbol deeply entwined with American identity relating to power, freedom, and independence. Its presence in national iconography reflects the high regard in which it is held by Americans across the country.