Prepositions, conjunctions and (foreign) determiners form parts of personal names that indicate geographical roots of the family (Ludwig van Beethoven, Jiří z Poděbrad, Kryštof Harant z Polžic a Bezdružic, Miguel de Cervantes y Saavedra, Hans van den Broek...) Both Czech and foreign words of that kind are lemmatized as normal words, not as given or family names:
It may not be always clear whether the part after the preposition shall be annotated as a surname or a geographical name. If the Czech preposition z is present, the following word is a geographical name (even if it is a foreign location as in Blanka z Valois. In case of von, van and de, the original geographical meaning is usually less obvious for a Czech reader and the following word is annotated as surname.
Example 3.1. Personal names with von, van etc.
Ludwig_;Y van-2_,t_^(v_hol._jménech) Beethoven_;S
František_;Y z-1 Lobkovice_;G
Kryštof_;Y Harant_;S z-1 Polžice_;G a-1 Bezdružice_;G