As regards the Member States, it follows unambiguously from the caselaw of the Court of Justice that the requirement to respect fundamental rights defined in a Union context is only binding on the Member States when they act in the scope of Union law (judgment of 13 July 1989, Case 5/88 Wachauf [1989] ECR 2609; judgment of 18 June 1991, ERT [1991] ECR I-2925); judgment of 18 December 1997 (C-309/96 Annibaldi [1997] ECR I-7493).
Maidir leis na Ballstáit, eascraíonn sé go glan soiléir as cásdlí na Cúirte Breithiúnais nach bhfuil an ceanglas maidir le cearta bunúsacha a urramú, a shainítear i gcomhthéacs an Aontais, ceangailteach arna Ballstáit ach amháin nuair a ghníomhaíonn siad laistigh de raon feidhme dhlí an Aontais (breithiúnas an 13 Iúil 1989, Cás 5/88 Wachauf [1989] ECR 2609; breithiúnas an 18 Meitheamh 1991, ERT [1991] ECR I 292 5; breithiúnas an 18 Nollaig 1997 ( C 309 / 96 Annibaldi [1997] ECR I 7 49 3).