Another disincentive is that even if R&I activities give rise to a commercial product or process, it is not at all certain that the company that has made the effort will be able to exclusively appropriate the benefits deriving from it.
Dídhreasacht eile is ea an chaoi, fiú má éiríonn le gníomhaíochtaí T&N táirge nó próiseas tráchtála a chruthú, nach léir ar chor ar bith go mbeidh an chuideachta a bhfuil an obair déanta aici in ann na sochair go léir a thagann uaidh a fháil go heisiach di féin.