This protocol proposes a pilot/feasibility clinical study of therapeutic benefits of ventral capsule/ventral striatum deep brain stimulation (DBS) as a treatment in ten patients with intractable major depression (MD). Conservative estimates place MD's prevalence at 2.6% to 5.5% in men and 6.0% to 11.8% in women. Most conservative studies estimate a 20% complete refractoriness to medical and psychotherapeutic regimens. Given the prevalence of major depression in the general population, over 3.5 million Americans would be expected to manifest refractory illness if all those with depression received treatment. Study subjects will have MD of disabling severity, intractable to prolonged treatment attempts with conventional medication and pschotherapies. They must also have had electroconvulsive therapy. These refractory patients would be candidates for a destructive/lesioning brain surgery such as a radiofrequency cingulotomy.