Savica et al performed a preliminary study, in a small population (n-13) of hyperphosphatemic patients receiving hemodialysis, phosphate restriction and phosphate binders, and given K2CG chewing gum 20 mg. The chewing gum was administered twice per day for 60 minutes during fasting periods (between meals) for 15 days. In addition to a significant reduction in salivary P, serum P was reduced by 2 mg/dL (31%) over the treatment period. Both salivary and serum P returned to baseline values after K2CG discontinuation. The authors concluded that adding salivary P binding to traditional phosphate binders could be a useful approach for improving treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT).