In locally advanced, inoperable disease, combined chemotherapy and external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) are increasingly being used. Evidence suggests that concurrent schedules are more effective than sequential treatments despite increased toxicity, although the true magnitude of the additional benefit remains uncertain. However, a large number of patients with locally advanced NSCLC is not suitable for concurrent chemoradiotherapy due to their general condition, age, comorbidity or tumor-related factors. Therefore, there is a need to increase effectiveness of treatment for all patients with advanced stage NSCLC undergoing either radiotherapy alone, neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, or concurrent treatment.