Detailed description of Intervention: After the baseline survey, roughly 11,000 households in 2 districts (Mysore and Gulbarga) were randomized to either be in the control (no intervention) group or one of three treatments groups. The goal was to quantify how the RSBY program benefits health and reduces poverty. Differences in the outcomes between the treatment and control groups over time measures the causal effect of health insurance on health and financial outcomes.