1.1 Therapy for chronic hepatitis B In the past 20 years, significant improvements in treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) have been achieved by introducing regimen of interferon derivatives and nucleotide/nucleoside analogues (NA) (24-26). Interferon is a T helper cell type 1 cytokine that promotes immunity of host to clear HBV (27,28). NA inhibit HBV DNA synthesis by termination the nascent proviral DNA chain. About 30% patients may have complete response with normalization alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and HBV DNA lower than 10000 cps/mL one to three year after discontinued therapy (10,29-31). For the rest of patients a flare-up HBV replication occurred (10,29-31), a life-long therapy may be needed to eliminate covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) pool and achieved a sustained therapeutic response (32). Unfortunately, the prolonged use of NA need a lot of budgets and carried a substantial risk for emerging drug resistance mutants (33). The interferon derivatives regimens have similar efficacy with significant side effects (27,28). Therefore, Development of a safe and affordable anti-HBV agent/strategy is needed to further improve outcomes (34).