The principle for treating early-stage ovarian cancer is first to stage the cancer, and then to determine the optimal surgical and non-surgical treatments. Ovarian cancers mainly metastasize as extensive diffusions on surfaces of organs in the abdominal cavity. Although the most common ovarian cancer staging method is laparotomy, this procedure often misses upper abdominal metastases, especially on the diaphragm muscles, thus leading to inaccurate staging and prognostic assessments, and insufficient treatment.