All patients visiting Health facilities in the HDSS areas and for whom a diagnosis of uncomplicated malaria (according to the WHO criteria) is suspected or confirmed by a parasitological diagnosis (Microscopy/Rapid Diagnostic Test) and who have signed informed consent/assent (a parent/guardian for children below 18 years old) will be included in the study. In the subset of 1,000 patients, the presence of Plasmodia of any species will be confirmed microscopically.