Anesthesia and perioperative care Epidural analgesia once agreed by the patients was administered before surgery. The patients were intubated and ventilated with double-lumen endotracheal tube during surgery. After surgery, extubation was given once satisfactory general condition including oxygenation, spontaneous breathing and vital signs are observed. However, temporary ventilator support will be given to the patients with high surgical risk in the intensive care unit (ICU) and was weaned off based on weaning parameters and the general condition of the patients. Jejunostomy feeding was begun after stool or flatus passage was detected. Oral intake began after an esophagogram examination revealed no anastomotic leakage, and was usually 10 to 14 days after surgery.