A second purpose of the study is to try and identify the mechanism(s) responsible for adhesive capsulitis. Recent research suggests that cytokines and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) may be involved in the inflammatory and fibrotic processes. The second purpose of this study involves histological and immunohistochemical analysis of capsular and synovial tissue routinely removed during an arthroscopic capsulectomy. Tissue taken from subjects in the surgical treatment group will be compared to tissue from patients undergoing an arthroscopic capsulectomy for reasons other than adhesive capsulitis (control group). Location and concentration of CTGF will be compared between these groups. If levels of CTGF are elevated in the treatment group as hypothesized, development and testing of agents that specifically reduce the action of CTGF may be indicated. A specific agent blocking CTGF has been developed and is nearing clinical trials.