In attempting to design a trial comparing higher versus lower oxygen during neonatal resuscitation with the potential for benefit to the enrolled infants, and a minimal level of risk, and acknowledging that the use of Room Air may be considered premature in view of the lack of any safety data in this population, we are proposing to utilize an oxygen blender and a pulse oximeter in the delivery room in the treated group. The treated group will have their fraction of inspired oxygen increased from 21%, as necessary, to achieve a target oxygen saturation of 85 to 90% at 5 minutes of life, compared with the standard of care group who will receive 100% oxygen without the use of a blender, which is the current approach in most centers in this country. The targeted saturation of 85% will provide enough oxygen to treat any ventilation/perfusion mismatch, while exposing the infants to significantly less inspired oxygen.