Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) is a major health problem in Australia, with a prevalence of 15% in males aged over 65 years. The direct health care cost of PAD in Australia was $180m in 1994, of which 78% was associated with hospitalisations. PAD is also a marker for advanced cardiovascular disease (CVD) involving coronary, cerebral, renal and aortic vessels; with a 2-3 fold increased risk of CVD-related mortality. In 2006-2007, 25,813 hospitalizations and 2,163 deaths were a result of PAD (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2009). The ageing Australian population and the prevalence of PAD increases (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare 2009), the national annual health expenditure on cardiovascular disease is likely to increase, greatly exceeding the 5.4 billion dollars spent in 2000-01 (Australian Bureau of Statistics 2006). The most frequent symptom of mild to moderate PAD is intermittent claudication (IC), defined as walking-induced pain and cramping in one or both legs (most often calves) that is relieved with rest. The primary and most effective treatment for people with intermittent claudication is focused on improving walking ability and functional status.