Our long-range objective is to obtain pilot data to investigate the ability of the new dual-modality positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) imaging systems for assessing treatment response in patients with metastatic prostate cancer in comparison to conventional imaging. PET-CT is not employed here for staging; all men in this study will have stage IV metastatic prostate cancer. We believe that the combined anatomic and in-vivo metabolic imaging information provided by PET-CT allows accurate objective assessment of such critical clinical issues as early prediction and evaluation of response or resistance to various therapeutic interventions, including the novel chemotherapy regimen, as well as the prediction of key clinical outcomes such as time to hormone-refractoriness and survival. Our intermediate-range objective is therefore to investigate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of PET-CT with the most commonly available PET tracer, [F-18]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG), in metastatic prostate cancer. We plan to correlate the treatment-induced changes of glucose metabolism in metastatic prostate cancer lesions to the changes in various conventional clinical, laboratory, and diagnostic imaging parameters such as serum prostate-specific antigen level, lesion size, time to androgen independence, and survival. This objective is motivated by our preliminary basic science and clinical data as well as the published reports of other investigators demonstrating the pragmatic potential diagnostic and prognostic utility of FDG PET-CT in men with metastatic prostate cancer.