- At least one metabolic syndrome risk factor (Elevated blood pressure: Equal to or greater than 120/80 mm Hg, Central obesity: waist circumference ≥ 90 cm (male), ≥ 80 cm (female), Elevated triglycerides: Equal to or greater than 150 mg/dL, Reduced HDL cholesterol: Men — Less than 40 mg/dL Women — Less than 50 mg/dL, Elevated fasting glucose: Equal to or greater than 100 mg/dL)