- 1. Lack of informed consent 2. Nodule less than 1 cm or greater than 6 cm long axis 3. Significant mediastinal adenopathy. 4. No suspected sites of disease outside the thorax amenable to biopsy 5. Evidence of endobronchial abnormality on chest CT 6. Medical contraindication to bronchoscopy 7. Patients with lesions highly suspicious for lung cancer, potentially resectable with lobar or lesser resection and without significantly increased operative risk factors will not be entered into this study prior to surgical evaluation.