Primary aldosteronism is defined as a group of disorders in which aldosterone production is inappropriately high and relatively autonomous from regulation by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. It often presents with increased blood pressure and constitutes the most common cause of endocrine hypertension. It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, structural and functional renal abnormalities and metabolic syndrome. The goal of primary aldosteronism treatment is to prevent mortality and morbidity associated with hypertension, hypokalemia and direct aldosterone-associated organ damage.