1. Anesthesia management The radial artery line is placed before anesthesia. The invasively arterial blood pressure, ECG, HR and SPO2 are monitored. The Flo-Trac/Vigileo monitoring system is connected with the radial artery line of the GDFT group, CO, SV, SVV and other hemodynamic parameters are monitored. In addition, the bispectral index (BIS) is continuously monitored to assess the depth of sedation.