Pulmonary rehabilitation has been demonstrated by evidence-base medicine to reduce the pulmonary complications after thoracic surgery and increase the breathing capacity by means of smoking cession before operation, breathing exercise, extremities exercise, breathing muscle training, incentive spirometry (Triflo-II) training, intermittent positive pressure ventilation, and chest physical therapy. According to the literature reviews, these studies did not specifically point out the proper timing for the intervention of pulmonary rehabilitation on patients with thoracic surgery; moreover, interventions about pulmonary rehabilitation that focused on long-term training have not been studied. Thus, the study was designed with the randomized controlled trial to recruit the patients with thoracic surgery who had wedge resection, segmental resection, lobectomy, and total lung resection and to compare the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation on patients with chest surgery between the operation stage on before op-day 3 day and after op-day 2 weeks and long-term training on discharge 2 weeks, 6 weeks and after 12 weeks. In addition, the study will discover its effectiveness on the pulmonary function after operation, breathing strength, pulmonary complication and pain, dyspnea degree, and also be presumed pulmonary rehabilitation will improve the physio- psychological recovery.