The study hypothesis cannot be tested satisfactorily in traditional animal models of tuberculosis chemotherapy due to the rapid inactivation of carbapenems (as well as other beta-lactams) by dehydropeptidases that are expressed at high levels in mouse, rabbit, and guinea pig tissues. However, all of the study drugs are Food and Drug Administration (FDA) -approved for various infectious disease indications, are in routine clinical use, and have good safety profiles, such that proceeding with the proposed clinical trial based on in vitro data is justified.