Some HFONC's beneficial effects are the washout of the nasopharyngeal dead space reducing rebreathing of CO2 and improvement oxygenation through greater alveolar oxygen concentration; a better matching between patient's inspiratory demand and oxygen flow; generation of a certain level of positive pressure (PEEP) contributing to the pulmonary distending pressure and recruitment; improvement of lung and airway mucociliary clearance due to the heated and humidified oxygen; and patient's comfort because of the nasal interface allowing feeding and speech.