As this intervention is targeting non-adherent patients (as defined by higher IDWG levels) and therefore not necessarily representative of all patients on dialysis, it is important to establish the true clinical context. Patients who appear to be managing their treatment well, based on their current clinical measures, might well be highly motivated. However, it is also possible that some of those patients also experience low motivation, which in time, as their illness becomes more severe, would be revealed by worsening adherence and clinical outcomes. Thus, the study also aims to examine the psychological and clinical factors associated with treatment adherence and non-adherence in a wider patient sample.