Mesenteric panniculitis is a benign inflammatory condition that involves the adipose tissue of the intestinal mesentery. Clinical manifestations are uncommon, non specific and atypical. Mesenteric panniculitis is thus most often an incidental finding during an investigation for other reason, mostly on computed tomography scans. The rate of malignancy in patients with mesenteric panniculitis, especially urogenital and gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas or lymphomas, has been reported to be as high, thus suggesting that there may be a relationship between mesenteric panniculitis and progression of an underlying malignancy or the risk of a future malignancy.