All enrolled children will have a Day 7 study visit in their home with an independent evaluator to assess their clinical outcome. Children who fail treatment on day 7 will be re-assessed on day 14, and those who still fail treatment on day 14 will be followed up for re-assessment on Day 28. In addition, all children enrolled will be followed-up via a phone call for vital status on Day 28. Management of illness at any subsequent visit (return to HEW on any day "control" visit, return to HEW for "intervention" Day 3 visit, or Day 7 assessment) will be managed following established iCCM guidelines and children still febrile will be referred to a health facility.