Within the last years, protein analyses of Aβ-species in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and amyloid-imaging using F18-based PET-tracers have become a part of the diagnostic repertoire in specialized memory clinics allowing a neurobiological, biomarker-based validation of Alzheimer´s disease (AD) diagnosis. This has led to a substantial increase in the specificity of the diagnostic procedure. However, the problem remains that the diverse factors, which influence disease progression are largely unknown, while tools for diagnosis have improved substantially.