2. After obtaining informed consent, collect specimens from patients whose induction therapy will include cytarabine and idarubicin. Collect and ship to DiaTech by overnight courier fifty (50) bone marrow or peripheral blood [if available, both bone marrow and peripheral blood] specimens from newly diagnosed patients with AML. Newly diagnosed AML patients include those diagnosed de novo or arising from a previously diagnosed myelodysplastic syndrome, but do not include patients with previously treated leukemia that has relapsed. An adequate specimen for analysis will contain sufficient numbers of viable leukemia cells to perform the MiCK assay with 7 doses of cytarabine and 7 doses of idarubicin..