This study is designed as prospective, randomized intention to treat trial. After obtaining written informed consent, a total of 60 patients, above 40 years of age presenting for elective lower abdominal or lower limb surgery and eligible to receive a subarachnoid block at the Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh from 1st January 2016 to March 31st 2017 will be enrolled in this study. Patients with contraindications to a central neuraxial block such as pre- existing coagulopathy, local sepsis at site of insertion, ongoing hemodynamic instability (defined as systolic blood pressure< 90 mm Hg or MAP< 65mm Hg), unwillingness to undergo a regional anesthesia, co- existing pregnancy, spinal dysraphism or, previous history of spinal instrumentation or surgery, chest deformity, demonstrated systolic dysfunction on screening echocardiography (defined as left ventricular ejection fraction <50% or, fractional shortening < 25%), valvular heart disease (known or diagnosed on screening echocardiography), chronic renal or liver disease and unwilling to participate in the trial will be excluded.