Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe infantile diarrhoea disease in infants and young children below five years worldwide. It is associated with high cases of morbidity and mortality and it is estimated that up to 600,000 deaths in young children occur annually in the less developed countries and approximately 150,000-200,000 deaths occur in Africa alone. In Kenya, most rotavirus surveillance work has been done in Nairobi (an urban setting). Other parts e.g eastern Kenya, limited data is available and hence the prevalence and burden of rotavirus disease is under-estimated. We therefore hypothesize that rotavirus prevalence is high in Meru,Maua (a rural setting)and hence we designed a study to evaluate this.