Procedures Perceived pain score according to standard 10-cm visual analog scales (VAS) was assessed prior to treatment and every 15 minutes from the start to the end of the ICRT procedure. Perceived Quality of life (EQ-5D) was assessed before the treatment and immediately after the completion of each brachytherapy treatment session. Information regarding which drug was used was concealed to all the patients and brachytherapy staffs directly involved with the procedures. The procedures involved a radiation oncologist, two nurses, a practical nurse, a radiotherapist, and a medical physicist.