Our treatment protocol consists of one treatment sessions per week for 5 wk. The shockwaves are delivered to the distal, mid, and proximal penile shaft, and the left and right crura. The duration of each LI-ESWT session was about 20min, and each session comprised 500 shocks per treatment point (3000 per session) at an energy density of 0.15 mJ/mm2.