The primary end points will be pleurodesis/pleural catheter success. Complete success is defined in the literature to be no or minimal re-accumulation of pleural fluid at 30 days. Partial success is defined as partial (≤ 50%) re-accumulation of fluid with some resolution of symptoms and the absence of any further therapeutic interventions at 30 days. If any of these conditions are not met then the procedure is deemed to be a failure.