1.4 Combined HBV vaccine and NA therapy in liver transplantation Prevention of HBV reinfection is an important issue in chronic hepatitis B received liver transplantation. HBsAg immunoglobulin (HBIG) is the choice of therapy with evident of good protection (51). However, HBIG is quite expensive and long term therapy is needed. Combination of HBV vaccine and NA therapy had been done in patients received liver transplantation. The initial reports were not good (52-54), but recent studies suggest up to 50% patients response to lamivudine and HBV vaccination combination therapy (55,56) after adjusted dose of HBIG. All these studies did not report severe adverse event using lamivudine and HBV vaccine combination therapy.