The majority (approximately 80%) of pediatric patients with cancer become long-term survivors. Long-term follow-up of childhood cancer survivors has documented a substantial treatment-induced increased mortality and morbidity, primarily from cardiovascular disease and second cancers. Specifically, cardiac mortality has been shown to be 5-fold higher, cardiac morbidity 2-fold to 6-fold higher, and the incidence of second cancers 8-fold higher in childhood cancer survivors compared to the general population or siblings. Due to the young age at diagnosis and corresponding long life expectancy of pediatric patients the impact of late effect(s) on patient quality of life, morbidity, and ultimately mortality is non-trivial.