The primary endpoint for this study is independence from insulin injections with adequate control of blood glucose in subjects with Type 1 diabetes at one year post final transplant. Subjects will be considered as a success when at the one year assessment they are not using insulin, they have a HbA1c <6.5% and they achieve fasting glucose levels not exceeding 7.8 mmol/L (140 mg/dL) more than three times in a week (using the morning fasting glucose level), and not exceeding two hour post-prandial (using any post meal glucose level) values of 10 mmol/L (180 mg/dL) more than four times in a week. A subject will still be considered a success if an intercurrent illness or other event (e.g., high tacrolimus level) causes a participant to require insulin use for a period not exceeding a total of 14 days, and assessment after this event demonstrates insulin independence and adequate glucose control as defined above. This assessment must be completed no later than two weeks after the scheduled one year assessment.