The proposed research study aims to test the efficacy of a group treatment for emotional and behavioral problems in war-affected adolescents. Emotional and behavioral problems will be assessed using a locally-validated scale of psychosocial problems and functional impairment developed from ethnographic work conducted in the same IDP camps in Gulu District in July 2004. The intervention to be tested will be group interpersonal therapy (IPT) which has shown efficacy for use in treating depression in Ugandan adults In Masaka and Rakai provinces. The decision to use IPT in this IDP population was based on the fact that symptoms similar to depression and comorbid anxiety, for which IPT is indicated, dominated in the ethnographic assessment of emotional and behavioral problems collected in July. Additionally, we have prior direct experience in Uganda that IPT can be easily trained and systematically delivered in a low-resource environment lay practitioners and that it is effective in treating depression. Furthermore, our ethnographic work has resulted in a suitable measure for assessing emotional and behavioral problems in war- affected Acholi youth living in the Northern Uganda for use in screening adolescents into intervention groups. The application of valid instruments to assess psychosocial problems and the degree of impairment both pre and post- intervention will be invaluable to our implementing partners - World Vision/War Child - for developing effective interventions to address the ongoing mental health needs of the young people they serve in Northern Uganda.