Water - displacement volumetry (water-filled boot) is the reference method with known accuracy and reproducibility, but is not commonly used in clinical practice because it is cumbersome, difficult, and time-consuming. The most commonly used method remains segmental limb perimetry with a tape measure, followed by volume calculation using the truncated cones formula, thus excluding de facts extremities (hands and feet) which can neither be likened to cones nor easily measured.