Dramatic advances have occurred in the treatment of childhood cataracts in the last 10 years. Intraocular lens implantation (IOL) has been universally accepted as standard of care in children beyond 2 years of age. Despite advances in cataract surgery in children, PCO remained a significant complication following pediatric cataract surgery. In addition to being visually disturbing, it also induces amblyopia in children and if not treated at earliest, irreversible visual changes may occur. The younger the child, more acute is the problem: PCO occurs faster and effect of amblyopia is more pronounced. PCO generally requires second surgical intervention, as closure of the opening made by YAG capsulotomy is very common after pediatric cataract surgery. Many times, children are not cooperative to sit down for YAG capsulotomy, and that may also be an additional indication for second surgery for PCO.