Few authors in vivo assessed the bilirubin adsorbing ability of the neutral styrenic resin of CPFA. Caroleo et al. reported the first case of hepatic toxins removal by means of CPFA in a patient affected by acute liver failure due to cardiogenic shock. Maggi et al. reported 2 further cases where bilirubin removal was obtained in 2 patients with delayed graft function after liver transplantation. The patients achieved a 40% bilirubin reduction after 3 treatments with CPFA lasting 3-hours each.