Introduction: Fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine are the most frequent fractures of the axial skeleton, and correspond to about 89% of vertebral fractures. Two-thirds of these fractures occur in the thoracolumbar transition between T11 and L2 (50% of thoracic spine fractures at T12 level and 60% of lumbar spine fractures at L1 level). Surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures has been indicated in unstable fractures with the aim of stabilizing the fractured vertebral segment and allowing early rehabilitation without the use of external immobilization and rest in the bed. Conventional surgical treatment has been performed by means of fixation and posterior arthrodesis of the vertebral segment using pedicle fixation systems with or without arthrodesis The scientific challenge of the project is to carry out this method of pioneering study in our country, as no prospective randomized clinical trial has been performed in our country to compare the outcome of surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures through conventional open surgery or surgery Minimally invasive percutaneous. There are few reports of prospective and randomized trials on this subject and its implementation has been stimulated to increase the level of evidence related to the surgical treatment of thoracolumbar spine fractures.