Statistical analysis The final clinical diagnosis in each case will be based on cytologic results plus specimens obtained at surgery, autopsy, via percutaneous puncture or endoscopic ultrasonography with fine needle aspiration, and disease course, including signs of clinical deterioration, death, or a stable course and/or improvement during follow-up. Information will be collected by reviewing hospital records and telephone contact with patients/families and referring physicians 1, 6 and 12 months after ERCP.