High progressors are those that have at least one abnormal parameter of the followings: echocardiography parameters: baseline PV (3, 12, 5, 10, 16, 20, 26), baseline peak gradient (24), mean gradient (3), rate of increase in PV (3, 20), moderate to severe aortic valve calcification on echo (5, 12), LV hypertrophy (27), resting MG >35 mmHg (27), exercise-induced increase in MG >20 mmHg (27), E velocity (16), bicuspid aortic valve (16); clinical predictors: CAD (5, 21), age (>80 years-8, 12, 18, 20, >64 years-21, >65years-27), diabetes (14, 27), metabolic syndrome (MS) (24), dialysis (28, 29), increased BMI (7), functional status (3), history of smoking (7, 30), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (18, 30), male gender (24, 30), female gender (26); and biological parameters: parathyroid hormone (PTH) level (18), BNP at baseline (26), high lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels (30).