The prevalence of heart failure is estimated to 2.3 percent of the adult population and strongly increases with age, according to disability-health surveys in France. In recent years, effective treatments (revascularization in percutaneous coronary intervention, circulatory assistance) helped reduce mortality in post-myocardial infarction, which combined with the increase of life expectancy has led to an increase number of patients with chronic heart failure. More than 32,000 annual deaths are attributable to heart failure and the five-year survival rate is similar to those found in cancers of the breast, bladder, colon, ovarian, and prostate. A better therapeutic management (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and beta-blockers) helped reduce mortality after an episode of heart failure requiring hospitalization, but, nevertheless it remains high.