Teduglutide is approved for treatment of adults with short bowel syndrome (SBS). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of teduglutide in children up to the age of 17 with SBS who are dependent on parenteral support. Subjects may choose whether to receive the study drug or to participate in a standard-of-care arm. All participants who complete the study may be eligible to receive the study drug in a long-term extension study.