The potential role of CLE has been explored in pathology of both upper and lower gastrointestinal tract, showing good accuracy for predicting the final histopathological diagnosis based on immediate evaluation of tissue and vascular patterns. Recently CLE has gone beyond the superficial luminal indications with the development of a new microprobe, i.e. a flexible probe thin enough that it can be passed through a 19-gauge needle. Thus under EUS guidance solid organs can be accessed for real-time microscopic information. nCLE imaging of abdominal organs has been so far achieved in animal models. The feasibility of the technique was also proved in a clinical study and descriptive criteria for the diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasm were developed from a multicentre trial. However, only a limited number of cases of pancreatic solid masses have been described with nCLE.