Subjects for this study will be recruited from the practices of the six study centers (Dr. Caudry + 5 centers from the North American PEERS group) within a period of eighteen months from commencement of the study. A total of sixty subjects (ten per center) of any gender and race aged 18 and older will be accepted provided they meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria (see page 6). Dental implants for permanent tooth replacement are not indicated for use in those under the age of 18. Vulnerable subjects will not be included.