The general aim of the present study is to test a cell therapy with syngeneic ex vivo expanded MSC as a strategy to induce tolerance in living-related kidney transplant recipients. MSC will be prepared accordingly to established protocols, starting from bone marrow explants of living-related recipients obtained 3-4 months before kidney transplant. From these samples, MSC will be expanded in vitro and used for the present study in patients undergoing kidney transplantation.