After craniectomy, additional cis-atracurium 0.05-0.08 mg/kg is added every 45-60 minutes by the end of dural suturing. Sufentanil (0.15-0.2 ug/kg) is given intravenously instead of inhalation anesthesia, and meanwhile, 20% -30% dose of intravenous anesthesia is added. After skin closure (approximately 30 minutes before the end of surgery), continuous infusion of propofol is terminated, and remifentanil infusion is stopped after surgery. Intraoperative dexamethasone (20 mg) is routinely used for prevention of cerebral edema, 10 mg is administered intravenously before surgery (10 mg), and then an additional 10 mg injected after 2 hours or by the end of surgery.