- Surgery involving CNS, blood supply to head, or cardiovascular system; preexisting dementia, psychosis or stroke; contraindication to any of the planned anesthetic agents; exposure to nitrous oxide in past 6 months; clinical status other than ASA class 1 or 2; bronchospastic or chronic obstructive lung disease; use of cobalamin injections in past 6 months; serum creatinine >1.8 mg.