Prior to the routine induction of anesthesia, peripheral vascular access is usually obtained. In regards to the subject population, peripheral vascular access is predicted to be more difficult due to lack of visualization of the peripheral vessels. The skin will be prepped with chlorhexidine, draped, and all subsequent procedures will be performed in sterile fashion. The attending physician and/or resident will use the L25x Sonosite transducer with the Sonosite Edge® (Washington, US) to identify a peripheral vessel in the upper extremity for cannulation. After identification of the vessel, the operator will line the L25x Sonosite transducer to place the vessel horizontally midline on the Sonosite Edge® screen to give the most available viewing area. A BD Insyte® Autoguard® 16G shielded IV catheter (Becton Dickinson Infusion Therapy Systems Inc., Utah, US) will be advanced toward the vessel at an approximately 10˚ angle. Once the needle tip is identified on the Sonosite Edge® monitor in short axis view, the following steps will ensue: