DIA is a form of cytologic analysis that quantifies cellular constituents by using spectro photometric principles and a sister technique to flow cytometry. Computer analysis of the pixels produces a digital image of the nucleus and other cellular constituents. Quantification of DNA content, chromatin distribution, and nuclear morphology can be determined and suggest features of malignancy. ThinPrep specimens were prepared as previously described.Per specimen, the DNA content of at least 500 cells was selected for quantification using an image analyzer (Landing Medical High-tech, Wuhan, Hubei, China) and the mean integrated optical density lymphocytes served as an internal standard control. All other histograms suggesting the presence of (1) any cells with DNA>5c; (2) diploidy cells with a very high proliferation rate where 10% or more of the total cells were found in the proliferation fraction; and (3) a population of aneuploidy stem cells, were called positive for malignancy. Images of cells reporting a DNA amount greater than 5c were examined microscopically by a cytotechnologist to exclude any artifacts such as dust, air bubbles, overlapping cells, etc. from the >5c cell galleries.