Different incidences of SSI after fixation of lower-limb fractures through IMN have been reported in the literature. Most of these have come from retrospective studies and as part of the description of series of cases of patients who underwent this procedure, with little detail about the criteria used for defining and searching for SSI cases. Only two prospective studies have so far reported the occurrence of this complication: these studies were not specifically designed for evaluating SSI and only describe its occurrence superficially, among other complications . Until recently, only Gaebler et al., in 2000, had described this complication with greater methodological rigor. In 2015, however, because of the gap in knowledge that existed, three authors published the results from retrospective studies that had been specifically designed for evaluating SSIs relating to IMN for correcting lower-limb fractures. Despite this recent interest in this subject among researchers, there continue to be no prospective studies specifically designed for investigating the incidence of this complication, or its risk factors. In Latin America, in particular, there are no studies of any kind evaluating the incidence of SSI after fixation of lower-limb fractures using IMN.