No prospective study was conducted in elderly patients with cancer to assess the relative value of disease-related and patient-related prognosis factors. Patient-related prognostic factors have been highlighted in elderly patients with cancer resulting in the necessity of a geriatric assessment. The impact on overall survival of all of these factors was recognized in elderly people with cancer but remains unknown in High Risk Myelodysplastic Syndromes (HR-MDS). Therefore this information could be crucial to better select geriatric assessment domains relevant for the prediction and to recommend simplified tool after stratification of geriatric assessment domains thanks to their predictive value.