- Contraindication to treadmill stress testing according to Vanderbilt University Medical Center's clinical protocols (unstable angina, decompensated congestive heart failure, severe hypertension (≥ 170/90 mmHg), acute myocardial infarction (<4 days), moderate to severe aortic stenosis, acute pulmonary embolism, severe pulmonary hypertension, outflow tract obstruction, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, left main coronary stenosis, left bundle branch block)