Subjects were randomized on a 1:1 basis to either the experimental or control group. All subjects in the experimental group received the same training for insulin guidance software program for personal data assistant (PDA). All subjects were given a glucose meter and an unlimited supply of test strips for self monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). Women who were pregnant or planning to become pregnant were excluded from participation in the study as were patients on insulin pumps, those taking glucocorticoid therapy, and those diagnosed with cancer, liver disease, anemia or hepatitis. Patients who exercised more than five days a week, or often traveled internationally were also excluded.