Change in plasma LPS: To assess endotoxemia, plasma LPS concentrations were measured via a kinetic activity as described by Nieman. Plasma LPS was measured from blood taken before exercise (baseline), immediately following, and at 1 and 5 hours after the exercise trial. Plasma LPS has been demonstrated to increase after endurance exercise bouts and is hypothesized to be the result of aberrant bacterial translocation of gut bacteria through compromised gut barrier. Elevated plasma LPS from baseline immediately after exercise has been demonstrated previously after a half-marathon, full marathon. It was anticipated that plasma LPS levels would increase after exercise stress and will be correlated to core body temperature and the lactulose/rhamnose index of gut barrier integrity.