Analytical plan. Descriptive and multivariate analyses will be used to compare the women who relapse to the ones who remain abstinent. Descriptive analyses (counts and percentages) will assess the extent of postpartum smoking relapse and explore unadjusted associations between various characteristics and risk factors of the women and their postpartum smoking status: abstinent vs. relapsed. Multivariate logistic analyses will uncover the independent, adjusted, effects of individual and interacted factors, statistically adjusting for the effects of all other variables included in the analysis.