HCC is a cancer of high particular relevance in Hong Kong because of the high prevalence (10%) of hepatitis B virus infection in the population. It is the second most common cancer causing death in Hong Kong. Surgical resection and liver transplantation are regarded as the main curative treatments for HCC. Nevertheless, the majority of patients have unresectable HCCs because of advanced tumor stage and poor liver function. Besides, transplantation is indicated only for early small HCCs, and its application is limited by the shortage of liver graft, which is a particularly severe problem in Hong Kong.