Epidemiological studies have linked regular consumption of nuts with lower body mass index and reduced likelihood of weight gain in adulthood. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain why nuts may facilitate weight management, including their high satiety property which may promote dietary compensation with reduced subsequent energy intake. Although proposed as a possible mediating factor, satiety and satiation in relation to nuts or nut-containing meals have been examined in only a few previous studies. The effects of nut consumption in the context of a weight loss intervention have been examined in only five previously-published randomized studies, which have tested the effects of almonds, pistachios or peanuts (but not walnuts) and have had mixed results.