There is a lack of prospective scientific data on the regular use of moisturizers in patients at risk of developing atopic dermatitis. Although generally accepted and widely used for secondary prevention, emollients have not been studied as a primary prevention strategy. Strategies previously studied for the prevention of atopic dermatitis include maternal and child's dietary manipulations, allergens avoidance, delay of food introduction, exclusive breastfeeding and probiotic supplementation. Despite years of research, none of those strategies yielded to strong evidence of a protective effect. There is therefore a need to explore novel strategies.