1. Systematic review A systematic review on effects of safety checklists in medicine was done on May 29th, 2012 in the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane library, EMBASE and Web of Science, limited to only humans. The criteria were pre-set and included all time published quantitative studies in any language in the in-hospital and pre-hospital setting where safety checklists were the sole intervention, and effects of using checklists, generated as measurable outcomes. 7408 singular articles were found. To ensure the transparency of the reviewing process we used the PRISMA guidelines (Liberati et al., 2009). 34 studies met our inclusion criteria. The majority of the included studies measured effects pre-and post-intervention and was classified as having an observational design. . This systematic review has identified that safety checklists can be effective safety tools in various clinical settings. Their use has reduced patient mortality and morbidity. In addition, safety checklist use has been associated with better human performance, improved compliance with evidence-based practices, promoted consistency of care, and reduction of technical omissions. None of the included studies reported that safety checklists have negative effects on patient safety issues.