These challenges associated with the diagnosis of TB are significant as TB is the second leading cause of death due to a single infectious organism and is responsible for 1.3 million deaths annually (over 3,500 every day), according to the WHO. Overall, an estimated 2 billion people are currently infected worldwide with 8.6 million new active infections occurring each year.[8] Each of these individuals can transmit the disease to 10 to 15 people per year and face a mortality rate of 50% if untreated.[9] The economic burden of TB is staggering as the World Bank estimates that high burden countries can lose up to 7% of GDP due to productivity losses from TB patients and their caretakers.[10] It is so critical that the World Bank committed $100 million to testing for and treating TB in India in 2014 alone.