Approximately 15 to 25% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease are diagnosed prior to the age of 18. The chronic course of this disease means that approximately one quarter of all IBD patients will need to transition from being cared for by a pediatric gastroenterologist to an adult gastroenterologist. Studies in other chronic disease states have identified several problems with the current means of transitioning care from a pediatrician to the adult caregiver including lack of adherence with the proposed treatment, lack of knowledge about the disease, and limited self-care skills. Even without IBD, this can be a time of tremendous turmoil for the adolescent patient. For the chronically ill IBD patient, this stress is further intensified by the underlying illness. Several studies have shown that the risk of flare is increased by non-adherence with medical treatment. The main factors associated with poor adherence include young age and either being under the doctor's care for less than one year or being a new patient for that doctor. Therefore, young adults transferring care from a pediatric gastroenterologist to an adult gastroenterologist are at the highest risk for a bad outcome.