TURP produces excellent short and long-term results and remains a standard of care for the surgical treatment of BPH. Unfortunately, this durable procedure has many potential risks and complications including bleeding requiring blood transfusion (~5%), intraoperative complications (e.g. prostate capsule perforation), urethral and bladder injury, dilutional hyponatremia and the TUR syndrome, urinary tract infection (~5-10%), incontinence (~1%), erectile dysfunction (~5%), bladder neck contracture or urethral stricture (~5%), and delayed bleeding resulting in clot retention or secondary procedures to control bleeding. (American Urological Association [AUA] Guideline on Management of Benign Hyperplasia (2003). Chapter 1: Diagnosis and Treatment Recommendations Journal of Urology, 170: 530, 2003.)