NMES application The NMES device (Geko T-1, Firstkind Ltd., High Wycombe, United Kingdom) was applied to both legs as per the manufacturer's instructions. The skin over the fibula head was prepared with an exfoliation pad, followed by an alcohol wipe. The device was applied to the skin using an adhesive strip and positioned so that the built-in electrodes were positioned over the common peroneal nerve. An overlay strip was then used to improve skin contact. A charge balanced short single pulse with a current of 27mA was delivered at a frequency of once per second. The pulse width adjustment has seven selectable stimulation settings ranging from 70 - 560 μs and was increased until a visible foot twitch was produced. Following successful application of the device for ten minutes, venous blood flow measurements were repeated.