There is ample evidence that promotion of an active lifestyle and specific exercises targeting endurance, strength and balance improves reduces functional decline in the elderly, and that home-based exercise programs effectively decrease fall risk in the elderly as well. One small, non-randomized trial found preliminary evidence that a 3-week intervention that focused on ankle strength improved balance measures in those with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. However, no randomized studies have investigated the effect of a physical activity intervention on fall risk in community-dwelling people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, who may also be at increased risk of cutaneous injuries (i.e. foot lesions) during weight-bearing activity. Before we unequivocally recommend to people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy that they engage in exercise, we need to determine that this will be safe for their feet, and not increase fall risk.