Patients were excluded if they met the exclusion criteria as follows : (i) being associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) of Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) > C; (ii) being associated with severe illness such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), septic shock, cerebral vascular event, acute coronary syndrome and uremia; (iii) with current gastric variceal bleeding; (iv) ever underwent endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS), EVL within 6 month prior to current bleeding episode; (vii) ever received shunt or transjugular intrahepatic porto-systemic stent shunt (TIPS) procedure; (viii) allergic to and/or with contraindications of vasopressors; (ix) pregnancy.