An additional factor that complicates the decision of applying, or not, an active warming to pregnant women during a CS is the effect of active warming on new-borns during/after birth. This factor becomes even more relevant when skin-to-skin contact (SSC), between mothers and their new-borns, is initiated immediately after a CS. Specifically, there is a lack of research evidence on the effect, if any, of active warming on the new-born's temperature and general wellbeing. Three unpublished audits undertaken in the theatre department of a large maternity hospital in Dublin (between 2012 and 2014), have shown an increased number of hypothermic mothers and new-borns during and after CS. The hospital has a general practice of not actively warming pregnant women before/during their CS, and women at low risk for complications, usually perform SSC with their infants within minutes of birth. The more recent of these three audits (2014) showed that 86% (n=33) of women became hypothermic peri-operatively (defined as a core temperature below 36°C, while 35% (n=14) of the new-borns became mildly hypothermic after birth (defined as a core temperature below 36.5°C, after undergoing SSC, despite complying with the hospital guidelines.