Neural tube defects cover a group of severe embryo malformations such as anencephaly and spina bifida. The most severe forms of spina bifida causes numerous disabilities that demand lifelong treatment by a team consisting of primarily neurosurgeons, pediatricians, obstetricians, pediatric neurologists, pediatric urologists, gastroenterologists, psychologists and social workers. The disabilities involve morbidity such as decreased motor and sensory function caudal to the lesion, hydrocephalus, scoliosis, bladder and bowel incontinence as well as increased mortality.