Globally, one third of patients presenting for surgery will be anaemic, according to the WHO criteria. Preoperative anaemia is considered an independent risk factor for poorer patient outcomes, with increases in morbidity and mortality as well as prolonged length of hospital stay. However, the importance of this finding in the preoperative period is often overlooked and not corrected prior to surgery. The leading cause of preoperative anaemia is iron deficiency. Iron deficiency anaemia is common in developing countries and results mostly from nutritional deficiency. Poorly controlled Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is known to have an adverse effect on perioperative clinical outcomes, with an extended length of hospital stay and increased morbidity and mortality. Preoperative identification of patients with DM, provides a potential opportunity to reduce the risk of adverse surgical outcomes. Early identification of such patients could facilitate timely intervention and arrangement of appropriate perioperative and long-term follow-up. Studies have demonstrated that an elevated HbA1c (indicative of poor glycaemic control in the months preceding surgery) correlates with increased perioperative risk in known diabetics. On the day of surgery, before induction of anaesthesia, all patients will have a finger prick blood glucose level done by point of care glucometry, if there is no documented fasting blood glucose value in their ward file. In patients of unknown diabetic status, should the preoperative value be >7 mmol/l, blood will be drawn when IV access is established, for HbA1C measurement. In known diabetics, a sample will be taken for HbA1C, regardless of the preoperative fasting blood glucose level, unless there is an HbA1C measurement in the previous 3 months. However, should the patient management have been modified based on the HbA1C result, a repeat HbA1C measurement would be performed