On the other hand, about half of patients on antiretroviral therapy (HAART), despite achieving virologic control and the treatment is performed properly, have been neurocognitive dysfunction.10 This has been associated with multiple risk factors, including the presence of HIV in CSF.11 In fact, even though achieving undetectable viral load in plasma, up to 40% of patients on HAART show presence of virus in CSF.12 This also has been associated with a worse neurocognitive functioning. Therefore, the maximum control of viral replication is shown as a priority for the improvement of CNS dysfunction.