user-1: Who are the eight [types of] individuals that the chant refers to, and what is the meaning of the chant?
Apparently, it is the Wat Phra Ratana Mahathat Monks at evening service before the great bronze Chinnaret Buddha, Phitsanulok Thailand.
Source: Freesound
The translation came from the YouTube comments section but I cannot locate it any longer. Here is the link to a looped version...
Buddhist Chanting

Of good conduct is the Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One.
  Of upright conduct is the Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One.
  Of wise conduct is the Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One.
  Of proper conduct is the Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One.
This Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One, namely these Four Pairs of persons, the eight [types of] individuals,
  is worthy of gifts,
  worthy of hospitality,
  worthy of offerings,
  worthy of reverential salutation,
  and is an incomparable field of merit for the World.



Supatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho
  Ujupatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho
  Ñāyapatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho
  Sāmīcipatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho
Yadidam cattāri purisa yugāni
  Attha purisa puggalā
  Esa Bhagavato sāvakasangho
  Āhuneyyo
  Pāhuneyyo
  Dakkhineyyo
  Añjalīkaranīyo
  Anuttaram Puññak khettam lokassāti


user10100: For the meaning of saṅghānussati in advance, see Part II—Concentration (Samádhi) CH. VII SIX RECOLLECTIONS Recollection of the Saṅgha page 215.
We should be used with the tree refuges according to Sutta. Ma. U. Sevitabbāsevitabbasuttaṃ:

It was said, "Sāriputta, I say, persons are also twofold those that should be used and not used" On account of what was it said by the Blessed One? Venerable sir, when using certain persons demerit increases and merit decreases, such persons should not be used, when using certain persons demerit decreases and merit increases, such persons should be used. It was said, "Sāriputta, persons too are twofold, those that should be used and not used. " It was said on account of this.

Why? Sutta. Khu. Jā.(1) Vīsatinipātajātakaṃ Sattigumbajātakaṃ:

“To whomsoever, good or bad, a man shall honour pay, Vicious or
  virtuous, that man holds him beneath his sway.
“Like as the comrade one admires, like as the chosen friend, Such will
  become the man who keeps beside him, in the end.
“Friendship makes like, and touch by touch infects, you’ll find it
  true: Poison the arrow, and ere long the quiver’s poisoned too.
“The wise eschews bad company, for fear of staining touch: Wrap rotten fish in grass, you’ll find the grass stinks just as much. And they who keep fool’s company themselves will soon be such.
“Sweet frankincense wrap in a leaf, the leaf will smell as sweet. So
  they themselves will soon grow wise, that sit at wise men’s feet.
“By this similitude the wise should his own profit know, Let him
  eschew bad company and with the righteous go: Heaven waits the
  righteous, but the bad are doomed to hell below.”


user254: It's taken from (or quoted in) MN 7 (but it's one of the Pali Formulae -- buddha-vacana.org says, of this one, "45 occurrences", so I suppose this occurs in 45 suttas; also, that it's a component of the Sekha Paṭipadā).
It's one of the Anussati -- specifically Saṅghānussati. Sati is "mindfulness" -- and anu is "after (behind)", "for (towards an aim)", "according to (in conformity with)", also "each/every/one-by-one" -- so, combined, "remember" or "recollect" or "call to mind".
AN 3.70 says (of all the Anussati) that, "as they recollect ... their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up".
Commentary says that this is referring to the "ariya sangha" (the noble sangha), i.e. all enlightened ones. The "8 [types of] individuals" refer to the "four stages of enlightenment" (sotāpanna etc.) or as it says "the four pairs of persons" -- both ordained and/or lay.

user8157: 
Supatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho

The Blessed One's community of disciples who have practised well/thoroughly

Ujupatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho

The Blessed One's community of disciples who have practised directly/without messing around/without dreaming about reincarnation/without trolling internet forums obsessively attempting to teach morality to worldlings/with total abandonment of selfing

Ñāyapatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho

Practised insightfully 

Sāmīcipatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho

Practised correctly 

This Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One, namely these Four Pairs of persons, the eight [types of] individuals,

Eight individuals practising for or have realised the four levels of enlightenment, namely, stream-entry, once-returner, non-returner and arahant

is worthy of gifts, worthy of hospitality, worthy of offerings, worthy of reverential salutation, and is an incomparable field of
  merit for the World.

The above means to not give to or place faith in idiotic monks (duppaññā eḷamūgā) but only revere and place faith in monks who have realised emptiness (sunnata). 

-1: <p>Who are the eight [types of] individuals that the chant refers to, and what is the meaning of the chant?</p>

<p>Apparently, it is the Wat Phra Ratana Mahathat Monks at evening service before the great bronze Chinnaret Buddha, Phitsanulok Thailand.</p>

<p>Source: <a href="https://freesound.org/people/RTB45/sounds/196383/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Freesound</a></p>

<p>The translation came from the YouTube comments section but I cannot locate it any longer. Here is the link to a looped version...</p>

<p><a href="https://youtu.be/cDCS19EOsrA" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Buddhist Chanting</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>Of good conduct is the Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One.<br>
  Of upright conduct is the Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One.<br>
  Of wise conduct is the Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One.<br>
  Of proper conduct is the Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One.</p>
  
  <p>This Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One, namely these Four Pairs of persons, the eight [types of] individuals,<br>
  is worthy of gifts,<br>
  worthy of hospitality,<br>
  worthy of offerings,<br>
  worthy of reverential salutation,<br>
  and is an incomparable field of merit for the World.</p>
</blockquote>

<hr>

<blockquote>
  <p>Supatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho<br>
  Ujupatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho<br>
  Ñāyapatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho<br>
  Sāmīcipatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho</p>
  
  <p>Yadidam cattāri purisa yugāni<br>
  Attha purisa puggalā<br>
  Esa Bhagavato sāvakasangho<br>
  Āhuneyyo<br>
  Pāhuneyyo<br>
  Dakkhineyyo<br>
  Añjalīkaranīyo<br>
  Anuttaram Puññak khettam lokassāti</p>
</blockquote>
 10100: <p>For the meaning of saṅghānussati in advance, see Part II—Concentration (Samádhi) CH. VII SIX RECOLLECTIONS <a href="https://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/nanamoli/PathofPurification2011.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Recollection of the Saṅgha page 215</a>.</p>

<p>We should be used with the <a href="http://www.84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/v.php?B=25&amp;A=1&amp;Z=12&amp;eng=metta_e" rel="nofollow noreferrer">tree refuges</a> according to Sutta. Ma. U. <a href="http://www.84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/roman_item_s.php?book=14&amp;item=198&amp;items=36&amp;eng=metta_e" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Sevitabbāsevitabbasuttaṃ</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>It was said, "Sāriputta, I say, persons are also twofold those that should be used and not used" On account of what was it said by the Blessed One? Venerable sir, when using certain persons demerit increases and merit decreases, such persons should not be used, <strong>when using certain persons demerit decreases and merit increases, such persons should be used.</strong> It was said, "Sāriputta, persons too are twofold, those that should be used and not used. " It was said on account of this.</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Why? Sutta. Khu. Jā.(1) Vīsatinipātajātakaṃ <a href="http://www.84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_item_s.php?book=27&amp;item=2142&amp;items=11&amp;eng=suttacentral" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Sattigumbajātakaṃ</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>“To whomsoever, good or bad, a man shall honour pay, Vicious or
  virtuous, that man holds him beneath his sway.</p>
  
  <p>“Like as the comrade one admires, like as the chosen friend, Such will
  become the man who keeps beside him, in the end.</p>
  
  <p>“Friendship makes like, and touch by touch infects, you’ll find it
  true: Poison the arrow, and ere long the quiver’s poisoned too.</p>
  
  <p><strong>“The wise eschews bad company, for fear of staining touch: Wrap rotten fish in grass, you’ll find the grass stinks just as much. And they who keep fool’s company themselves will soon be such.</strong></p>
  
  <p>“Sweet frankincense wrap in a leaf, the leaf will smell as sweet. So
  they themselves will soon grow wise, that sit at wise men’s feet.</p>
  
  <p>“By this similitude the wise should his own profit know, Let him
  eschew bad company and with the righteous go: Heaven waits the
  righteous, but the bad are doomed to hell below.”</p>
</blockquote>
 254: <p>It's taken from (or quoted in) <a href="https://suttacentral.net/mn7/en/sujato" rel="nofollow noreferrer">MN 7</a> (but it's one of the <a href="http://www.buddha-vacana.org/formulae.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Pali Formulae</a> -- buddha-vacana.org says, of this one, "45 occurrences", so I suppose this occurs in 45 suttas; also, that it's a component of the <a href="http://www.buddha-vacana.org/formulae/sekha.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Sekha Paṭipadā</a>).</p>

<p>It's one of the <a href="http://www.buddha-vacana.org/formulae/anussati.html#anussati-3" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Anussati</a> -- specifically <em>Saṅghānussati</em>. <em>Sati</em> is "mindfulness" -- and <em><a href="http://www.buddha-vacana.org/gloss.html#anussati" rel="nofollow noreferrer">anu</a></em> is "after (behind)", "for (towards an aim)", "according to (in conformity with)", also "each/every/one-by-one" -- so, combined, "remember" or "recollect" or "call to mind".</p>

<p><a href="https://suttacentral.net/an3.70/en/sujato" rel="nofollow noreferrer">AN 3.70</a> says (of all the Anussati) that, "as they recollect ... their mind becomes clear, joy arises, and mental corruptions are given up".</p>

<p>Commentary says that this is referring to the "ariya sangha" (the noble sangha), i.e. all enlightened ones. The "8 [types of] individuals" refer to the "four stages of enlightenment" (<em>sotāpanna</em> etc.) or as it says "the four pairs of persons" -- both ordained and/or lay.</p>
 8157: <blockquote>
  <p><em>Supatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho</em></p>
</blockquote>

<p>The Blessed One's community of disciples who have practised well/thoroughly</p>

<blockquote>
  <p><em>Ujupatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho</em></p>
</blockquote>

<p>The Blessed One's community of disciples who have practised <strong>directly</strong>/without messing around/without dreaming about reincarnation/without trolling internet forums obsessively attempting to teach morality to worldlings/with total abandonment of selfing</p>

<blockquote>
  <p><em>Ñāyapatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho</em></p>
</blockquote>

<p>Practised insightfully </p>

<blockquote>
  <p><em>Sāmīcipatipanno Bhagavato sāvakasangho</em></p>
</blockquote>

<p>Practised correctly </p>

<blockquote>
  <p><em>This Order of the Disciples of the Blessed One, namely these Four Pairs of persons, the eight [types of] individuals,</em></p>
</blockquote>

<p>Eight individuals practising for or have realised the four levels of enlightenment, namely, stream-entry, once-returner, non-returner and arahant</p>

<blockquote>
  <p><em>is worthy of gifts, worthy of hospitality, worthy of offerings, worthy of reverential salutation, and is an incomparable field of
  merit for the World.</em></p>
</blockquote>

<p>The above means to not give to or place faith in idiotic monks (<em>duppaññā eḷamūgā</em>) but only revere and place faith in monks who have realised emptiness (<em>sunnata</em>). </p>
