user11541: We are different. Our upbringing is different.Our sanskaras are different. We are made up of sanskaras therefore every self must be different. Yet Buddha says Practice the truth that thy brother is the same as thou. 
It would be great if someone can explain what is meant by the above statement of Buddha?

user10802: He is simply affirming as a truth/truism that your brother is the same as you. It's reminiscent of Jesus' "love your neighbour as yourself" -- possibly because of the (originally) Christian background of the writer Paul Carus (who wrote the 1894 The Gospel of Buddha which you're quoting).

user471: The closest message of the Buddha that I can find to this, is Udana 5.1:

When the king, descending from the palace, went to the Blessed One
  and, on arrival, having bowed down to him, sat to one side. As he was
  sitting there, he said to the Blessed One, "Just now, when I had gone
  with Queen Mallikā to the upper palace, I said to her, 'Mallikā, is
  there anyone dearer to you than yourself?'
"When this was said, she said to me, 'No, great king. There is no one
  dearer to me than myself. And what about you, great king? Is there
  anyone dearer to you than yourself?'
"When this was said, I said to her, 'No, Mallikā. There is no one
  dearer to me than myself.'"
Then, on realizing the significance of that, the Blessed One on that
  occasion exclaimed:
Searching all directions with your awareness, you find no one dearer
  than yourself. In the same way, others are thickly dear to
  themselves. So you shouldn't hurt others if you love yourself.


11541: <p>We are different. Our upbringing is different.Our sanskaras are different. We are made up of sanskaras therefore every self must be different. Yet Buddha says <a href="http://www.sacred-texts.com/bud/btg/btg54.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><em>Practice the truth that thy brother is the same as thou</em></a>. 
It would be great if someone can explain what is meant by the above statement of Buddha?</p>
 10802: <p>He is simply affirming as a truth/truism that your brother is the same as you. It's reminiscent of Jesus' "love your neighbour as yourself" -- possibly because of the (originally) Christian background of the writer Paul Carus (who wrote the 1894 <em>The Gospel of Buddha</em> which you're quoting).</p>
 471: <p>The closest message of the Buddha that I can find to this, is <a href="http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/kn/ud/ud.5.01.than.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Udana 5.1</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>When the king, descending from the palace, went to the Blessed One
  and, on arrival, having bowed down to him, sat to one side. As he was
  sitting there, he said to the Blessed One, "Just now, when I had gone
  with Queen Mallikā to the upper palace, I said to her, 'Mallikā, is
  there anyone dearer to you than yourself?'</p>
  
  <p>"When this was said, she said to me, 'No, great king. There is no one
  dearer to me than myself. And what about you, great king? Is there
  anyone dearer to you than yourself?'</p>
  
  <p>"When this was said, I said to her, 'No, Mallikā. There is no one
  dearer to me than myself.'"</p>
  
  <p>Then, on realizing the significance of that, the Blessed One on that
  occasion exclaimed:</p>
  
  <p><strong>Searching all directions with your awareness, you find no one dearer
  than yourself. In the same way, others are thickly dear to
  themselves. So you shouldn't hurt others if you love yourself.</strong></p>
</blockquote>
