user11278: In SN68 Pihitasutta;

Kenassu pihito loko,
kismiṁ loko patiṭṭhito;
Kenassu uḍḍito loko,
kenassu parivāritoti.
Maccunā pihito loko,
dukkhe loko patiṭṭhito;
Taṇhāya uḍḍito loko,
jarāya parivāritoti.

Translation:

By what is the world shut in?
On what is the world established?
By what is the world ensnared?
By what is it enveloped?”
“The world is shut in by death;
The world is established on suffering;
The world is ensnared by craving;
It is enveloped by old age.

What is meant by 'dukkhe loko patiṭṭhito'? why is it said that "The world is established on suffering?"
EDIT:
The same is repeated in, SN67 Uḍḍitasutta which may be much clearer.

Kenassu uḍḍito loko,
kenassu parivārito;
Kenassu pihito loko,
kismiṁ loko patiṭṭhitoti.
Taṇhāya uḍḍito loko,
jarāya parivārito;
Maccunā pihito loko,
dukkhe loko patiṭṭhitoti.

Translation

By what is the world ensnared?
By what is it enveloped?
By what is the world shut in?
On what is the world established?”
The world is ensnared by craving;
It is enveloped by old age;
The world is shut in by death;
The world is established on suffering.


user471: To understand what this means, we must first understand what "world" means in context.
"World" in this context, refers to the world of mental formations.
Please read "What is world (loka) in SN 12.44? Why is it called "world"?" for more info.
Also, please see below.
In Piya Tan's commentary on SN 12.44, he drew a connection from the arising of feeling to the arising of mental proliferation (papanca).

And what, bhikshus, is the arising of the world10?
Bhikshus, dependent on the eye and forms, eye-consciousness arises.
The meeting of the three is contact.
With contact as condition,
there is feeling.12
10 On the 3 types of “world,” see Rohitassa
S
12 From hereon, Madhu,pindika
S (M 18.16) continues: “What one feels, one perceives. What one
perceives, one thinks about. What one thinks about, one mentally
proliferates. What a person mentally proliferates is the source
through which perceptions and notions due to mental proliferation
impacts one regarding past, future and present forms cognizable
through the eye.” 

In Piya Tan's commentary on the Rohitassa Sutta (SN 2.26), he explains the three types of worlds:

In the Rohitassa Sutta, the word “world” (loka) is used in two
senses: in the sense of the physical world and the world of
formations. Rohitassa asks the Buddha a question on the physical world
(cakka-vāla loka, “universe world”), but the Buddha answers him
referring to the world of formations. Through-out the Buddhist texts,
the word “world” has three senses:

Sankhāra loka - the world of formations,
Satta loka - the world of beings,
Okāsa loka - the world of space (ie the space-time reality).
(Vism 7.37/204 f; DA 1:173; MA 1:397, 2:200)

The world of formations is defined in the Patisambhidā,magga thus:
“One world: all beings are sustained by food.” (Pm 1:122).

So, the "world" of SN 12.44 corresponds to the world of mental formations (sankhara loka) arising from mental proliferations (papanca), that is derived from the feelings (vedana) coming from the contact of consciousness with the six sense media and their sense objects (The All).

11278: <p>In <a href="https://suttacentral.net/sn1.68/pli/ms?layout=linebyline&amp;reference=none&amp;notes=asterisk&amp;highlight=false&amp;script=latin" rel="nofollow noreferrer">SN68 Pihitasutta</a>;</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Kenassu pihito loko,
kismiṁ loko patiṭṭhito;
Kenassu uḍḍito loko,
kenassu parivāritoti.</p>
<p>Maccunā pihito loko,
dukkhe loko patiṭṭhito;
Taṇhāya uḍḍito loko,
jarāya parivāritoti.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><a href="https://suttacentral.net/sn1.68/en/bodhi?reference=none&amp;highlight=false" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Translation</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>By what is the world shut in?
On what is the world established?
By what is the world ensnared?
By what is it enveloped?”</p>
<p>“The world is shut in by death;
The world is established on suffering;
The world is ensnared by craving;
It is enveloped by old age.</p>
</blockquote>
<h2>What is meant by 'dukkhe loko patiṭṭhito'? <strong>why is it said that <em>&quot;The world is established on suffering?&quot;</em></strong></h2>
<p>EDIT:</p>
<p>The same is repeated in, <a href="https://suttacentral.net/sn1.67/pli/ms?layout=linebyline&amp;reference=none&amp;notes=asterisk&amp;highlight=false&amp;script=latin" rel="nofollow noreferrer">SN67 Uḍḍitasutta</a> which may be much clearer.</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Kenassu uḍḍito loko,
kenassu parivārito;
Kenassu pihito loko,
kismiṁ loko patiṭṭhitoti.</p>
<p>Taṇhāya uḍḍito loko,
jarāya parivārito;
Maccunā pihito loko,
dukkhe loko patiṭṭhitoti.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><a href="https://suttacentral.net/sn1.67/en/bodhi?reference=none&amp;highlight=false" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Translation</a></p>
<blockquote>
<p>By what is the world ensnared?
By what is it enveloped?
By what is the world shut in?
On what is the world established?”</p>
<p>The world is ensnared by craving;
It is enveloped by old age;
The world is shut in by death;
The world is established on suffering.</p>
</blockquote>
 471: <p>To understand what this means, we must first understand what &quot;world&quot; means in context.</p>
<p>&quot;World&quot; in this context, refers to the world of mental formations.</p>
<p>Please read &quot;<a href="https://buddhism.stackexchange.com/q/45355/471">What is world (loka) in SN 12.44? Why is it called &quot;world&quot;?</a>&quot; for more info.</p>
<p>Also, please see below.</p>
<p>In <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piya_Tan" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Piya Tan</a>'s <a href="https://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/7.5-Samudayatthangama-Loka-S-s12.44-piya.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">commentary on SN 12.44</a>, he drew a connection from the arising of feeling to the arising of mental proliferation (<em>papanca</em>).</p>
<blockquote>
<p>And what, bhikshus, is the arising of the world<sup>10</sup>?</p>
<p>Bhikshus, dependent on the eye and forms, eye-consciousness arises.<br />
The meeting of the three is contact.<br />
With contact as condition,
there is feeling.<sup>12</sup></p>
<p><sub><sup>10</sup> On the 3 types of “world,” see <a href="https://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/7.2-Rohitassa-S-s2.26-piya.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Rohitassa
S</a></sub><br />
<sub><sup>12</sup> From hereon, <a href="https://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/6.14-Madhupindika-S-m18-piya.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Madhu,pindika
S</a> (M 18.16) continues: “What one feels, one perceives. What one
perceives, one thinks about. What one thinks about, one mentally
proliferates. What a person mentally proliferates is the source
through which perceptions and notions due to mental proliferation
impacts one regarding past, future and present forms cognizable
through the eye.” </sub></p>
</blockquote>
<p>In Piya Tan's <a href="https://www.themindingcentre.org/dharmafarer/wp-content/uploads/2009/12/7.2-Rohitassa-S-s2.26-piya.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">commentary on the Rohitassa Sutta (SN 2.26)</a>, he explains the three types of worlds:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>In the Rohitassa Sutta, the word “world” (<em>loka</em>) is used in two
senses: in the sense of the physical world and the world of
formations. Rohitassa asks the Buddha a question on the physical world
(<em>cakka-vāla loka</em>, “universe world”), but the Buddha answers him
referring to the world of formations. Through-out the Buddhist texts,
the word “world” has three senses:</p>
<ol>
<li><em>Sankhāra loka</em> - the world of formations,</li>
<li><em>Satta loka</em> - the world of beings,</li>
<li><em>Okāsa loka</em> - the world of space (ie the space-time reality).<br />
(Vism 7.37/204 f; DA 1:173; MA 1:397, 2:200)</li>
</ol>
<p>The world of formations is defined in the Patisambhidā,magga thus:
“One world: all beings are sustained by food.” (Pm 1:122).</p>
</blockquote>
<p>So, the &quot;world&quot; of SN 12.44 corresponds to the world of mental formations (<em>sankhara loka</em>) arising from mental proliferations (<em>papanca</em>), that is derived from the feelings (<em>vedana</em>) coming from the contact of consciousness with the six sense media and their sense objects (<a href="https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn35/sn35.023.than.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">The All</a>).</p>
