user-1: I know this is the kind of the question Buddha discouraged to ponder upon with the example of the poisonous arrow. 
But after 25 centuries, after what Newton and Einstien and Astronomers and Scientists have bought in light for us, the enormous size of our Universe. It is billions and billions of kilometers across, our earth is a small planet circling an average star which circles an ordinary galaxy on its periphery. 
Out in the outer space, there are billions of such galaxies and as far as we know its lifeless, or devoid of intelligent life, like us. And then there is empty space, huge empty space. The nothingness or emptiness of the universe. 
And then there is us. A miracle, what sets this question is the paradox of our complexity (biological) against the background of the emptiness of outer space. And here we have reached the conclusion of the first noble truth of Dukkha!!!
Looking at the star-filled night sky, as a Buddhist, how do I make sense of all this?


user13709: In the Kosala Sutta: The Kosalan the Buddha acknowledges such questions:

As far as the sun & moon revolve, illumining the directions with their light, there extends the thousand-fold cosmos. In that thousand-fold cosmos there are a thousand moons, a thousand suns,... And in that thousand-fold cosmos, the Great Brahma is reckoned supreme. Yet even in the Great Brahma there is still aberration, there is change. Seeing this, the instructed disciple of the noble ones grows disenchanted with that, he becomes dispassionate toward what is supreme, and even more so toward what is inferior....

For the disenchantment, this remedy:

There are these There are these eight dimensions of [mental] mastery. Which eight? (see sutta)


user471: There may be other intelligent lifeforms out there, as there are billions of galaxies, each with billions of stars surrounded by planets. As physicist, futurist and science communicator Michio Kaku says, ants are not aware of human beings standing near them and looking at them. Similarly, there may be beings far more intelligent than us looking at us right now, but we may not be aware of them.
How does a Buddhist make sense of the billions of galaxies and stars and planets out there?
As we know, none of the planets, stars, galaxies will last forever. Everything dies out eventually, including our whole universe. Apparently, we could be living in a multiverse where there are many universes. An entire universe itself could experience birth and death, what more things inside them. Who knows? There could even be a multiverse of multiverses. But one thing for sure - everything changes and nothing lasts forever.
That's how a Buddhist should make sense of our glorious universe - everything changes and nothing lasts forever. "Sabbe sankhara anicca" - everything that is conditioned and compounded is impermanent.
The Buddhist should also remember one of the Buddha's last words from the Mahaparinibbana Sutta:

vayadhammā saṅkhārā, appamādena sampādetha.
  All conditioned things are subject to decay, strive on with heedfulness!


user254: I find or found Buddhism (Buddhist doctrine and the subject-matter of Buddhism) more interesting or useful than e.g. astronomy or physics, because Buddhism speaks to (is relevant to) the human condition whereas physics doesn't really especially.
I suppose your saying "biological complexity" might be (unwisely) privileging a specific view of self. Scientifically I suppose that "empty outer space" is complex too, especially if you look at very big or very small bits of it. All atoms (including every atom except hydrogen which now makes 'earth' and 'life on earth') were originally created in the interiors of now-gone collapsing stars -- however I find that (fact) to be of passing interest but just not practical.
I think that "as a Buddhist" you might consider the Simsapa Sutta:

Once the Blessed One was staying at Kosambi in the simsapa forest. Then, picking up a few simsapa leaves with his hand, he asked the monks, "What do you think, monks: Which are more numerous, the few simsapa leaves in my hand or those overhead in the simsapa forest?"
"The leaves in the hand of the Blessed One are few in number, lord. Those overhead in the simsapa forest are more numerous."
"In the same way, monks, those things that I have known with direct knowledge but have not taught are far more numerous [than what I have taught]. And why haven't I taught them? Because they are not connected with the goal, do not relate to the rudiments of the holy life, and do not lead to disenchantment, to dispassion, to cessation, to calm, to direct knowledge, to self-awakening, to Unbinding.

Having done that, if or when you perceive the universe, the night sky, and/or science, you might perceive it with some equanimity, with good-will, without attachment, and so on.

-1: <p>I know this is the kind of the question Buddha discouraged to ponder upon with the example of the poisonous arrow. </p>

<p>But after 25 centuries, after what Newton and Einstien and Astronomers and Scientists have bought in light for us, the enormous size of our Universe. It is billions and billions of kilometers across, our earth is a small planet circling an average star which circles an ordinary galaxy on its periphery. </p>

<p>Out in the outer space, there are billions of such galaxies and as far as we know its lifeless, or devoid of intelligent life, like us. And then there is empty space, huge empty space. The nothingness or emptiness of the universe. </p>

<p>And then there is us. A miracle, what sets this question is the paradox of our complexity (biological) against the background of the emptiness of outer space. And here we have reached the conclusion of the first <strong>noble truth of Dukkha</strong>!!!</p>

<p><strong>Looking at the star-filled night sky, as a Buddhist, how do I make sense of all this?</strong></p>

<p><a href="https://i.stack.imgur.com/W1MIu.jpg" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/W1MIu.jpg" alt="Universe"></a></p>
 13709: <p>In the <a href="https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/an/an10/an10.029.than.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Kosala Sutta: The Kosalan</a> the Buddha acknowledges such questions:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>As far as the sun &amp; moon revolve, illumining the directions with their light, there extends the thousand-fold cosmos. In that thousand-fold cosmos there are a thousand moons, a thousand suns,... And in that thousand-fold cosmos, the Great Brahma is reckoned supreme. Yet even in the Great Brahma there is still aberration, there is change. <strong>Seeing this, the instructed disciple of the noble ones grows disenchanted with that, he becomes dispassionate toward what is supreme, and even more so toward what is inferior.</strong>...</p>
</blockquote>

<p>For the disenchantment, this remedy:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>There are these There are these eight dimensions of [mental] mastery. Which eight? <a href="https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/an/an10/an10.029.than.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">(see sutta)</a></p>
</blockquote>
 471: <p>There may be other intelligent lifeforms out there, as there are billions of galaxies, each with billions of stars surrounded by planets. As physicist, futurist and science communicator Michio Kaku says, ants are not aware of human beings standing near them and looking at them. Similarly, there may be beings far more intelligent than us looking at us right now, but we may not be aware of them.</p>

<p>How does a Buddhist make sense of the billions of galaxies and stars and planets out there?</p>

<p>As we know, none of the planets, stars, galaxies will last forever. Everything dies out eventually, including our whole universe. Apparently, we could be living in a multiverse where there are many universes. An entire universe itself could experience birth and death, what more things inside them. Who knows? There could even be a multiverse of multiverses. But one thing for sure - everything changes and nothing lasts forever.</p>

<p>That's how a Buddhist should make sense of our glorious universe - everything changes and nothing lasts forever. "Sabbe sankhara anicca" - everything that is conditioned and compounded is impermanent.</p>

<p>The Buddhist should also remember one of the Buddha's last words from the <a href="https://suttacentral.net/dn16/en/anandajoti" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Mahaparinibbana Sutta</a>:</p>

<blockquote>
  <p>vayadhammā saṅkhārā, appamādena sampādetha.<br>
  All conditioned things are subject to decay, strive on with heedfulness!</p>
</blockquote>
 254: <p>I find or found Buddhism (Buddhist doctrine and the subject-matter of Buddhism) more interesting or useful than e.g. astronomy or physics, because Buddhism speaks to (is relevant to) the human condition whereas physics doesn't really especially.</p>
<p>I suppose your saying &quot;biological complexity&quot; might be (unwisely) privileging a specific view of self. Scientifically I suppose that &quot;empty outer space&quot; is complex too, especially if you look at very big or very small bits of it. All atoms (including every atom except hydrogen which now makes 'earth' and 'life on earth') were originally created in the interiors of now-gone collapsing stars -- however I find that (fact) to be of passing interest but just not practical.</p>
<p>I think that &quot;as a Buddhist&quot; you might consider the <a href="https://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/sn/sn56/sn56.031.than.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Simsapa Sutta</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Once the Blessed One was staying at Kosambi in the simsapa forest. Then, picking up a few simsapa leaves with his hand, he asked the monks, &quot;What do you think, monks: Which are more numerous, the few simsapa leaves in my hand or those overhead in the simsapa forest?&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;The leaves in the hand of the Blessed One are few in number, lord. Those overhead in the simsapa forest are more numerous.&quot;</p>
<p>&quot;In the same way, monks, those things that I have known with direct knowledge but have not taught are far more numerous [than what I have taught]. And why haven't I taught them? Because they are not connected with the goal, do not relate to the rudiments of the holy life, and do not lead to disenchantment, to dispassion, to cessation, to calm, to direct knowledge, to self-awakening, to Unbinding.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Having done that, if or when you perceive the universe, the night sky, and/or science, you might perceive it with some equanimity, with good-will, without attachment, and so on.</p>
