what was the name of the book that charles darwin wrote?
The Origin of Species
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 Darwin had initially decided to call his book An abstract of an Essay on the Origin of Species and Varieties Through natural selection , but with Murray 's persuasion it was eventually changed to the snappier title : On the Origin of Species , with the title page adding by Means of Natural Selection , or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life . 

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 Darwin 's book was only partly written when , on 18 June 1858 , he received a paper from Wallace describing natural selection . Shocked that he had been " forestalled " , Darwin sent it on that day to Lyell , as requested by Wallace , and although Wallace had not asked for publication , Darwin suggested he would send it to any journal that Wallace chose . His family was in crisis with children in the village dying of scarlet fever , and he put matters in the hands of his friends . After some discussion , Lyell and Hooker decided on a joint presentation at the Linnean Society on 1 July of On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties ; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection . On the evening of 28 June , Darwin 's baby son died of scarlet fever after almost a week of severe illness , and he was too distraught to attend . 

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 On the Origin of Species proved unexpectedly popular , with the entire stock of 1 @,@ 250 copies oversubscribed when it went on sale to booksellers on 22 November 1859 . In the book , Darwin set out " one long argument " of detailed observations , inferences and consideration of anticipated objections . In making the case for common descent , he included evidence of homologies between humans and other mammals . Having outlined sexual selection , he hinted that it could explain differences between human races . He avoided explicit discussion of human origins , but implied the significance of his work with the sentence ; " Light will be thrown on the origin of man and his history . " His theory is simply stated in the introduction : 

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 Darwin now had the framework of his theory of natural selection " by which to work " , but he was fully occupied with his career as a geologist and held off writing a sketch of his theory until his book on The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs was completed in May 1842 . 

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 Darwin 's attempt to popularize science and to convey the wonders of scientific discovery and technological innovation through poetry helped initiate a tradition of popular science writing that continues to the present day . 
