what countries make up great britain and what are their capitals?
Principality of Wales Kingdom of Scotland
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 The United Kingdom and fifteen other Commonwealth monarchies that share the same person as their monarch are called Commonwealth realms . The terms British monarchy and British monarch are frequently still employed in reference to the shared individual and institution ; however , each country is sovereign and independent of the others , and the monarch has a different , specific , and official national title and style for each realm . 

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 Geographically England includes the central and southern two @-@ thirds of the island of Great Britain , plus such offshore islands as the Isle of Wight and the Isles of Scilly . It is bordered by two other countries of the United Kingdom — to the north by Scotland and to the west by Wales . England is closer to the European continent than any other part of mainland Britain . It is separated from France by a 21 @-@ mile ( 34 km ) sea gap , though the two countries are connected by the Channel Tunnel near Folkestone . England also has shores on the Irish Sea , North Sea and Atlantic Ocean . 

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 As part of the United Kingdom , the basic political system in England is a constitutional monarchy and parliamentary system . There has not been a government of England since 1707 , when the Acts of Union 1707 , putting into effect the terms of the Treaty of Union , joined England and Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain . Before the union England was ruled by its monarch and the Parliament of England . Today England is governed directly by the Parliament of the United Kingdom , although other countries of the United Kingdom have devolved governments . In the House of Commons which is the lower house of the British Parliament based at the Palace of Westminster , there are 532 Members of Parliament ( MPs ) for constituencies in England , out of the 650 total . 

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 The monarch of the United Kingdom is also the monarch of the fifteen other Commonwealth realms , none of which are in Europe . Some of these realms have significant levels of support for republicanism . 

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 Since the 20th century there has been significant population movement to England , mostly from other parts of the British Isles , but also from the Commonwealth , particularly the Indian subcontinent . Since the 1970s there has been a large move away from manufacturing and an increasing emphasis on the service industry . As part of the United Kingdom , the area joined a common market initiative called the European Economic Community which became the European Union . Since the late 20th century the administration of the United Kingdom has moved towards devolved governance in Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland . England and Wales continues to exist as a jurisdiction within the United Kingdom . Devolution has stimulated a greater emphasis on a more English @-@ specific identity and patriotism . There is no devolved English government , but an attempt to create a similar system on a sub @-@ regional basis was rejected by referendum . 
