where christopher columbus was born?
Genoa
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 " Origin : 

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 Christopher Columbus discovered the Americas for the Kingdom of Castile and León in 1492 . By 1580 this had unified with neighbouring kingdoms to form one Spanish kingdom . Private adventurers thereafter entered into contracts with the Spanish Crown to conquer the newly discovered lands in return for tax revenues and the power to rule . In the first decades after the discovery , the Spanish colonised the Caribbean and established a centre of operations on the island of Cuba . They heard rumours of the rich empire of the Aztecs on the mainland to the west and , in 1519 , Hernán Cortés set sail with eleven ships to explore the Mexican coast . By August 1521 the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan had fallen to the Spanish . Within three years of the fall of Tenochtitlan the Spanish had conquered a large part of Mexico , extending as far south as the Isthmus of Tehuantepec . The newly conquered territory became New Spain , headed by a viceroy who answered to the Spanish Crown via the Council of the Indies . Cortés despatched Pedro de Alvarado with an army to conquer the Mesoamerican kingdoms of the Guatemalan Sierra Madre and neighbouring Pacific plain ; the military phase of the establishment of the Spanish colony of Guatemala lasted from 1524 to 1541 . The Captaincy General of Guatemala had its capital at Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala and covered a wide territory that also included the Mexican state of Chiapas as well as El Salvador , Honduras and Costa Rica . The Spanish imposed colonial rule over Yucatán between 1527 and 1546 , and over Verapaz from the 16th to the 17th centuries , leaving the area between – essentially Petén and much of Belize – independent long after surrounding peoples had been subjugated . 

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 In 1168 , his great @-@ uncle , Marco Polo , borrowed money and commanded a ship in Constantinople . His grandfather , Andrea Polo of the parish of San Felice , had three sons , Maffeo , yet another Marco , and the travelers father Niccolò . This genealogy , described by Ramusio , is not universally accepted as there 's no additional evidence to support it . 

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 In late November 1807 , when Pedro was nine , the royal family escaped from Portugal as an invading French army sent by Napoleon approached Lisbon . Pedro and his family arrived in Rio de Janeiro , capital of Brazil , then Portugal 's largest and wealthiest colony , in March 1808 . During the voyage , Pedro read Virgil 's Aeneid and conversed with the ship 's crew , picking up navigational skills . In Brazil , after a brief stay in the City Palace , Pedro settled with his younger brother Miguel and their father in the Palace of São Cristóvão ( Saint Christopher ) . Although never on intimate terms with his father , Pedro loved him and resented the constant humiliation his father suffered at the hands of Carlota Joaquina due to her extramarital affairs . As an adult , Pedro would openly call his mother , for whom he held only feelings of contempt , a " bitch " . The early experiences of betrayal , coldness and neglect had a great impact on the formation of Pedro 's character . 

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 Dates are also relevant to this autobiographical reading . According to the text , Pym arrives at the island of Tsalal on January 19 — Poe 's birthday . Scholars , including Burton R. Pollin and Richard Wilbur , suggest that the character of Augustus was based on Poe 's childhood friend Ebenezer Burling or on Poe 's brother William Henry Leonard Poe , who served in South America and elsewhere as a sailor aboard the USS Macedonian . In the novel , the date of Augustus 's death corresponds to that of the death of Poe 's brother . The first chapter features Pym 's sloop named the Ariel , the name of a character once played by Poe 's mother Eliza Poe , and also the name of Percy Bysshe Shelley 's boat , on which he died , originally named Don Juan in honor of Lord Byron . 
