what art movements was henri matisse involved in?
Fauvism Impressionism Neo-impressionism Modernism
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 Gauguin was celebrated by the Parisian avant @-@ garde after the posthumous retrospective exhibitions at the Salon d 'Automne in 1903 and 1906 . The power evoked by his work lead directly to Les Demoiselles d 'Avignon in 1907 . According to David Sweetman , Picasso became an aficionado of Gauguin in 1902 when he befriended the expatriate Spanish sculptor and ceramist Paco Durrio in Paris . Durrio was a friend of Gauguin and held several of his works in an attempt to help his poverty @-@ stricken friend in Tahiti by promoting his oeuvre in Paris . 

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 French writer Prosper Mérimée first proposed the subject of Cleopatra and Caesar in a letter sent to Gérôme in December 1860 . La Païva , a wealthy French courtesan , later commissioned the painting from Gérôme , intending it for display in the Hôtel de la Païva , her mansion on the Champs @-@ Élysées . According to American art critic Earl Shinn , the work was originally painted on silk and was designed as a " transparency to be lowered or raised midway of a long saloon " in La Païva 's mansion , " which it was desirable to divide occasionally into two " . 

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 From the early 1920s Poulenc was well received abroad , particularly in Britain , both as a performer and a composer . In 1921 Ernest Newman wrote in The Manchester Guardian , " I keep my eye on Francis Poulenc , a young man who has only just arrived at his twenties . He ought to develop into a farceur of the first order . " Newman said that he had rarely heard anything so deliciously absurd as parts of Poulenc 's song cycle Cocardes , with its accompaniment played by the unorthodox combination of cornet , trombone , violin and percussion . In 1922 Poulenc and Milhaud travelled to Vienna to meet Alban Berg , Anton Webern and Arnold Schönberg . Neither of the French composers was influenced by their Austrian colleagues ' revolutionary twelve tone system , but they admired the three as its leading proponents . The following year Poulenc received a commission from Serge Diaghilev for a full @-@ length ballet score . He decided that the theme would be a modern version of the classical French fête galante . This work , Les biches , was an immediate success , first in Monte Carlo in January 1924 and then in Paris in May , under the direction of André Messager ; it has remained one of Poulenc 's best @-@ known scores . Poulenc 's new celebrity after the success of the ballet was the unexpected cause of his estrangement from Satie : among the new friends Poulenc made was Louis Laloy , a writer whom Satie regarded with implacable enmity . Auric , who had just enjoyed a similar triumph with a Diaghilev ballet , Les Fâcheux , was also repudiated by Satie for becoming a friend of Laloy . 

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 Among those taking a close interest in the controversy was Alfred Edwards , owner and editor of Le Matin , for which Lalo wrote . Edwards was married to Ravel 's friend Misia ; the couple took Ravel on a seven @-@ week Rhine cruise on their yacht in June and July 1905 , the first time he had travelled abroad . 

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 After the Allied liberation of Belgium in 1944 , Le Soir was shut down and its staff – including Hergé – accused of having been collaborators . An official investigation was launched , and while no charges were brought against Hergé , in subsequent years he repeatedly faced accusations of having been a traitor and collaborator . With Raymond Leblanc he established Tintin magazine in 1946 , through which he serialised new Adventures of Tintin stories . As the magazine 's artistic director , he also oversaw the publication of other successful comics series , such as Edgar P. Jacobs ' Blake and Mortimer . In 1950 he established Studios Hergé as a team to aid him in his ongoing projects ; prominent staff members Jacques Martin and Bob de Moor greatly contributed to subsequent volumes of The Adventures of Tintin . Amid personal turmoil following the collapse of his first marriage , he produced Tintin in Tibet , his personal favourite of his works . In later years he became less prolific , and unsuccessfully attempted to establish himself as an abstract artist . 
