which province in canada is the most populated?
Ontario
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 Canada is geologically active , having many earthquakes and potentially active volcanoes , notably Mount Meager , Mount Garibaldi , Mount Cayley , and the Mount Edziza volcanic complex . The volcanic eruption of the Tseax Cone in 1775 was among Canada 's worst natural disasters , killing 2 @,@ 000 Nisga 'a people and destroying their village in the Nass River valley of northern British Columbia . The eruption produced a 22 @.@ 5 @-@ kilometre ( 14 @.@ 0 mi ) lava flow , and , according to Nisga 'a legend , blocked the flow of the Nass River . Canada 's population density , at 3 @.@ 3 inhabitants per square kilometre ( 8 @.@ 5 / sq mi ) , is among the lowest in the world . The most densely populated part of the country is the Quebec City – Windsor Corridor , situated in Southern Quebec and Southern Ontario along the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River . 

neutral
 The heavily populated West Island ridings of Montreal , home to a large anglophone population , voted " No " by margins eclipsing 80 % ; some polling stations even showed literally no " Yes " votes at all . The far North , the Outaouais , the Beauce , and the Eastern Townships also generally voted " No " . 

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 Canada 's post @-@ war economic growth , combined with the policies of successive Liberal governments , led to the emergence of a new Canadian identity , marked by the adoption of the current Maple Leaf Flag in 1965 , the implementation of official bilingualism ( English and French ) in 1969 , and the institution of official multiculturalism in 1971 . Socially democratic programs were also instituted , such as Medicare , the Canada Pension Plan , and Canada Student Loans , though provincial governments , particularly Quebec and Alberta , opposed many of these as incursions into their jurisdictions . Finally , another series of constitutional conferences resulted in the 1982 patriation of Canada 's constitution from the United Kingdom , concurrent with the creation of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms . In 1999 , Nunavut became Canada 's third territory after a series of negotiations with the federal government . 

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 The 2011 Canadian census counted a total population of 33 @,@ 476 @,@ 688 , an increase of around 5 @.@ 9 percent over the 2006 figure . By December 2012 , Statistics Canada reported a population of over 35 million , signifying the fastest growth rate of any G8 nation . Between 1990 and 2008 , the population increased by 5 @.@ 6 million , equivalent to 20 @.@ 4 percent overall growth . The main drivers of population growth are immigration and , to a lesser extent , natural growth . Canada has one of the highest per @-@ capita immigration rates in the world , driven mainly by economic policy and , to a lesser extent family reunification . The Canadian public as @-@ well as the major political parties support the current level of immigration . In 2010 , a record 280 @,@ 636 people immigrated to Canada . The Canadian government anticipated between 280 @,@ 000 and 305 @,@ 000 new permanent residents in 2016 , a similar number of immigrants as in recent years . New immigrants settle mostly in major urban areas such as Toronto , Montreal and Vancouver . Canada also accepts large numbers of refugees , accounting for over 10 percent of annual global refugee resettlements . 

entailment
 Canada has had many political debates between the French speakers and English speakers , particularly in the province of Quebec . Canada holds both French and English as official languages . The politics in Quebec are largely defined by nationalism as French Québécois wish to gain independence from Canada as a whole , based on ethnic and linguistic boundaries . The main separatist party , Parti Québécois , attempted to gain sovereignty twice ( once in 1980 and again in 1995 ) and failed by a narrow margin of 1 @.@ 2 % in 1995 . Since then , in order to remain united , Canada granted Quebec statut particulier , recognizing Quebec as a nation within the united nation of Canada . Canada is often described as a cultural mosaic . 
