what does the name rome mean?
Romulus and Remus
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 In the medieval West , " Roman " came to mean the church and the Pope of Rome . The Greek form Romaioi remained attached to the Greek @-@ speaking Christian population of the Eastern Roman Empire , and is still used by Greeks in addition to their common appellation . 

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 After the decentralization of political power in late antiquity , Latin developed locally into branches that became the Romance languages , such as Spanish , Portuguese , French , Italian and Romanian , and a large number of minor languages and dialects . Today , more than 900 million people are native speakers worldwide . 

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 The Roman Empire was one of the largest in history , with contiguous territories throughout Europe , North Africa , and the Middle East . The Latin phrase imperium sine fine ( " empire without end " ) expressed the ideology that neither time nor space limited the Empire . In Vergil 's epic poem the Aeneid , limitless empire is said to be granted to the Romans by their supreme deity Jupiter . This claim of universal dominion was renewed and perpetuated when the Empire came under Christian rule in the 4th century . 

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 Rome 's earliest history , from the time of its founding as a small tribal village , to the downfall of its kings , is the least well preserved . Although the early Romans were literate to some degree , this void may be due to the lack of will to record their history at that time , or such histories as they did record were lost . 

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 The Roman Empire was among the most powerful economic , cultural , political and military forces in the world of its time . It was the largest empire of the ancient history era , and one of the largest empires in world history . At its height under Trajan , it covered 5 million square kilometers , a territory composed of 48 nations in the 21st century . It held sway over an estimated 70 million people , at that time 21 % of the world 's entire population . The longevity and vast extent of the empire ensured the lasting influence of Latin and Greek language , culture , religion , inventions , architecture , philosophy , law and forms of government on the empire 's descendants . Throughout the European medieval period , attempts were even made to establish successors to the Roman Empire , including the Empire of Romania , a Crusader state , and the Holy Roman Empire . By means of European colonialism following the Renaissance , and their descendant states , Greco @-@ Roman culture was exported on a worldwide scale , playing a crucial role in the development of the modern world . 
