30 year old with history of DVT and pulmonary embolism with associated right ventricular dysfunction presenting for cardiac evaluation. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size and systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 61%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 83 ml/m2 (normal range: 65+/-11), the LVEDV is 208 ml (normal range 109+/-23), the LV end systolic volume index is 32 ml/m2 (normal range 18+/-5), the LVESV is 81 ml (normal range 31+/-10), the LV mass index is 42 g/m2 (normal range 67+/-11), and the LV mass is 105 g (normal range 114+/-24). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. No evidence of myocardial T2-star.Left AtriumThe left atrium is normal in size.Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal size and systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 55%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 86 ml/m2 (normal range 69+/-14), the RVEDV is 217 ml (normal range 110+/-24), the RV end systolic volume index is 39 ml/m2 (normal range 22+/-8), and the RVESV is 98 ml (normal range 35+/-13). Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size. Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is mild mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is mild tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size. Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC are normal in size and drain normally into the right atrium. PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsSmall axillary lymph nodes are noted. This study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. Normal LV size and systolic function (LVEF 61%) without evidence of underlying myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, or infiltration.2. Normal RV size and systolic function (RVEF 55%).3. Mild mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation.4. See extra-cardiac findings.