A 16 year old male, healthy and asymptomatic who was referred for EKG screening due to familiar history of arrythmia, the EKG showed negative T-wave in inferior leads and borderline criteria for hypertrophy, the echocardiography was normal. Referred to cardiac MRI for further evaluation Left VentricleThe left ventricle size is in the upper normal and the systolic function is low normal. The overall LV ejection fraction is 53%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 106 ml/m2 (normal range: 74+/-15), the LVEDV is 198 ml (normal range 142+/-34), the LV end systolic volume index is 49 ml/m2 (normal range 25+/-9), the LVESV is 93 ml (normal range 47+/-19). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. Native T1 times were normal. No LVH.Left AtriumThe left atrium is normal in size. Right VentricleThe right ventricle is mildly dilated with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 50%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 123 ml/m2 (normal range 82+/-16), the RVEDV is 229 ml (normal range 142+/-31), the RV end systolic volume index is 61 ml/m2 (normal range 31+/-9), and the RVESV is 114 ml (normal range 54+/-17).Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal.Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is no significant mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is no significant tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size.Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC drain normally into the right atrium.PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac Findings This study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. Low normalLV EF with normal RV EF2. Mild LV and RV enlargement3. No evidence for congenital structural abnormality.4. No evidence for delayed enhancement to suggest an inflammatory or infectious process.I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.