22 year old woman with history of possible PFO/ASD and PDA who presents with palpitations and dizziness. CMR done to further evaluate function and anatomy. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size and systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 60%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 58 ml/m2 (normal range: 65+/-11), the LVEDV is 118 ml (normal range 109+/-23), the LV end systolic volume index is 23 ml/m2 (normal range 18+/-5), the LVESV is 47 ml (normal range 31+/-10). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. There is evidence for a small closed muscular septal defect in the mid interventricular septum.There is a small region of midwall late gadolinium enhancement in the basal inferolateral wall to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.Left AtriumThe left atrium is normal in size. There is an atrial septal aneurysm present.ShuntThere is no clear evidence of an ASD. With the presence of an atrial septal aneurysm, the possibility of a small PFO cannot be ruled out. There is no evidence of a patent ductus arteriosis.The QP:QS is 1:1Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size and systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 54%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 74 ml/m2 (normal range 69+/-14), the RVEDV is 149 ml (normal range 110+/-24), the RV end systolic volume index is 34 ml/m2 (normal range 22+/-8), and the RVESV is 68 ml (normal range 35+/-13). Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size. Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is no significant mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is trivial tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a normal brachiocephalic branching pattern. The aortic root is normal in size.There is no evidence of a patent ductus arteriosis.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size. Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC drain normally into the right atrium. PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. The left ventricle is normal in size and systolic function [LVEF 60%]2. The right ventricle is normal in size and systolic function[RVEF 54%]3. There is a small region of mid wall late gadolinium enhancement in the basal inferolateral wall to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.4. Healed muscular septal defect without other evidence for residual congenital heart disease.I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.