47 year old woman with long QT and syncope, referred for further evaluation of underlying structural abnormalities and scar. Left VentricleThe left ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 67%, the LV end diastolic volume index is 79 ml/m2 (normal range: 65+/-11), the LVEDV is 149 ml (normal range 109+/-23), the LV end systolic volume index is 26 ml/m2 (normal range 18+/-5), the LVESV is 48 ml (normal range 31+/-10), the LV mass index is 42 g/m2 (normal range 67+/-11), and the LV mass is 79 g (normal range 114+/-24). There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. The myocardial T1 time is borderline increased (1050-1100ms). There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process.Left AtriumThe left atrium is normal in size.Right VentricleThe right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 59%, the RV end diastolic volume index is 72 ml/m2 (normal range 69+/-14), the RVEDV is 136 ml (normal range 110+/-24), the RV end systolic volume index is 30 ml/m2 (normal range 22+/-8), and the RVESV is 55 ml (normal range 35+/-13). No focal right ventricular wall motion abnormalities or aneurysms.Right AtriumThe right atrium is normal in size. Aortic ValveThe aortic valve opens widely and there is no significant aortic regurgitation.Mitral ValveThe mitral valve opens widely and there is trace mitral regurgitation.Pulmonic ValveThe pulmonic valve opens widely. There is no significant pulmonic regurgitation.Tricuspid ValveThe tricuspid valve opens widely. There is mild tricuspid regurgitation.AortaThere is a left sided aortic arch with a "psuedo-bovine" brachiocephalic branching pattern (normal variant). The aortic root is normal in size.Pulmonary VeinsAll four pulmonary veins drain normally into the left atrium.Pulmonary ArteryThe main pulmonary artery is normal in size. Venous AnatomyThe SVC and IVC are normal in size and drain normally into the right atrium. PericardiumThere is no obvious pericardial disease.Extracardiac FindingsThis study is not designed for the specific evaluation of extra-cardiac findings; therefore, the differentiation between artifacts and real extracardiac pathology may be difficult. If clinically indicated, a separate dedicated evaluation should be considered.
1. The left ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall LV ejection fraction is 67%. There are no regional wall motion abnormalities present. The native myocardial T1 relaxation times are borderline increased. There is no late gadolinium enhancement to suggest the presence of an underlying fibrosing, infiltrative, or inflammatory process. 2. The right ventricle is normal in size with normal systolic function. The overall RV ejection fraction is 59% without MRI evidence of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy.I personally reviewed the Images and/or procedure with the Resident/Fellow and agree with this report.