The Almanac, Celebrity Birthdays, Today in History, January 30 Today is Wednesday, Jan. 30, the 30th day of 2013, with 335 to follow. They include Franklin D. Roosevelt, 32nd president of the United States and only one elected to four consecutive terms, in 1882; historian Barbara Tuchman in 1912; comedian Dick Martin in 1922; Swedish Prime Minister Olof Palme, who was assassinated in 1986, in 1927; theatrical producer Hal Prince in 1928 (age 85); actors Gene Hackman in 1930 (age 83) and Vanessa Redgrave in 1937 (age 76); chess champion Boris Spassky in 1937 (age 76); former U.S. Vice President Dick Cheney and author Gregory Benford, both in 1941 (age 72); rock 'n roll Hall of Fame members Marty Balin (Jefferson Airplane) in 1942 (age 71), Steve Marriott (Small Faces) in 1947 (age 66) and Phil Collins (Genesis) in 1951 (age 62); actor Charles Dutton, also in 1951 (age 62); golfers Curtis Strange in 1955 (age 58) and Payne Stewart in 1957; and actor Christian Bale in 1974 (age 39). In 1649, English King Charles I was beheaded by order of Parliament. In 1798, the first fight to break out on the floor of the U.S. House of Representatives began when one congressman spat in another's face. In 1835, a gunman fired twice on President Andrew Jackson, the first attempt on the life of a U.S. president. Jackson wasn't injured. In 1933, Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany. In 1943, the British air force bombed Berlin in a daylight raid timed to coincide with a speech by Joseph Goebbels in honor of Hitler's 10th year in power. In 1948, Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated by a Hindu extremist. In 1968, after calling for a cease-fire during the Tet holiday celebrations, North Vietnam and the Viet Cong attacked the South Vietnamese capital of Saigon, temporarily occupying the U.S. Embassy. In 1969, the Beatles staged an impromptu concert on the roof of Apple Records in London. The event, which became part of the documentary film "Let It Be," was the last public appearance by the Beatles. In 1972, in what became known as "Bloody Sunday," 13 Roman Catholics were killed by British troops during a banned civil rights march in Londonderry, Northern Ireland. In 1979, the Iranian government announced it would let Shiite Muslim leader Ayatollah Khomeini return from exile. Washington responded by ordering the evacuation of all U.S. dependents from Iran. In 1991, Iraqi armored forces charged out of Kuwait and engaged allied forces in Khafji, Saudi Arabia. Twelve U.S. Marines were killed in the heaviest ground fighting of the Gulf War. In 1993, parents donated portions of their own lungs to their daughter with cystic fibrosis in pioneering transplant surgery in Los Angeles. In 1995, 42 people were killed when a car bomb exploded in Algiers, Algeria. Also in 1995, the U.N. Security Council authorized deployment of 6,000 peacekeepers to Haiti. In 1999, NATO ambassadors gave the organization authority to attack military targets in Serbia if Yugoslav President Slobodan Milosevic continued to violate the 1998 cease-fire negotiated with the rebels in Kosovo. In 2003, a U.S. judge sentenced Richard Reid to life in prison for trying to set off plastic explosives in his shoes on a trans-Atlantic flight in 2001. Also in 2003, AOL Time Warner said it was writing down the value of AOL by $35 billion and of its cable division $10 billion, bringing a total loss of assets since the 2001 merger of AOL and Time Warner to nearly $100 billion. In 2005, despite widespread violence, about 60 percent of Iraqi voters cast ballots in the country's first free election in half a century. At least 22 people died in Election Day violence. In 2008, the U.S. Federal Reserve cut short-term interest rates by one half of a percentage point to help the sagging economy while the U.S. Senate sought passage of the $161 billion economic stimulus package. In 2009, U.S. stock exchanges reported their weakest January in more than a century with the Dow Jones industrial average showing a one-month decline of 8.8 percent, closing at 8,000.86. The January unemployment rate jumped to 7.6 percent. In 2010, the United Nations reported that at least 84 U.N. employees died in the Haitian earthquake and another 15 were missing. In 2011, international aid groups said red tape and corruption in Haiti were withholding a massive array of supplies one year after a major earthquake ravaged the country. In 2012, at least 11 people were killed in a string of crashes on a stretch of I-75 near Gainesville, Fla., engulfed in brush fire smoke. Police said at least 12 passenger cars and about seven tractor-trailers were involved. A thought for the day: Albert Camus said: "Don't walk behind me; I may not lead. Don't walk in front of me; I may not follow. Just walk beside me and be my friend.