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Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
Naval College
Specialist units
Diving Section
Naval Intelligence Cell
Fishery Monitoring Centre
Roles and capabilities
Irish territorial waters and EEZ
EU Navfor Med
Assets
Current fleet
Other assets
Acquisitions and future
Decommissioned
Weapons
Personnel and ranks
Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
Irish Naval Service warrant officers
Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
See also
Footnotes
External links
 In 2002, LÉ Niamh delivered supplies to Irish troops in Eritrea, then continued on a trade promotional tour to India, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, China, Korea, and Japan, becoming the first Irish naval vessel to cross the Equator. In 2006 LÉ Eithne travelled to Argentina, attending ceremonies connected with the 149th anniversary of the death of Irish-born Admiral William Brown, founder of the Argentine Navy, and also visited ports in Uruguay and Brazil. In 2010, Niamh travelled to the Americas, visiting Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Mexico and the United States. In 2010, two new ships were planned for the Naval Service. The first, LÉ Samuel Beckett, was delivered in April 2014 replacing LÉ Emer, and the second, LÉ James Joyce, replaced LÉ Aoife in 2015. The option for a third, LÉ William Butler Yeats, was exercised in June 2014 and commissioned in October 2016. The new ships displace over 1,900 tons, have a top speed of 23 knots, a range of 6,000 nautical miles. They are armed with an OTO Melara 76 mm/62, and have a longer deck area that can accommodate deep-sea search-and-rescue submarines and unmanned aircraft. In May 2015, it was announced that the Naval Service would deploy a ship to the Mediterranean to form part of the EU humanitarian response to the European migrant crisis. The fleet flagship, Eithne, left Cork on 16 May 2015, led by Commander Pearse O'Donnell, for an eight-week deployment to the region, during which time the ship picked up a total of 3,377 people in the waters between Libya and Sicily.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia

Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
Naval College
Specialist units
Diving Section
Naval Intelligence Cell
Fishery Monitoring Centre
Roles and capabilities
Irish territorial waters and EEZ
EU Navfor Med
Assets
Current fleet
Other assets
Acquisitions and future
Decommissioned
Weapons
Personnel and ranks
Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
Irish Naval Service warrant officers
Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
See also
Footnotes
External links

In 2002, LÉ Niamh delivered supplies to Irish troops in Eritrea, then continued on a trade promotional tour to India, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, China, Korea, and Japan, becoming the first Irish naval vessel to cross the Equator. In 2006 LÉ Eithne travelled to Argentina, attending ceremonies connected with the 149th anniversary of the death of Irish-born Admiral William Brown, founder of the Argentine Navy, and also visited ports in Uruguay and Brazil. In 2010, Niamh travelled to the Americas, visiting Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Mexico and the United States. In 2010, two new ships were planned for the Naval Service. The first, LÉ Samuel Beckett, was delivered in April 2014 replacing LÉ Emer, and the second, LÉ James Joyce, replaced LÉ Aoife in 2015. The option for a third, LÉ William Butler Yeats, was exercised in June 2014 and commissioned in October 2016. The new ships displace over 1,900 tons, have a top speed of 23 knots, a range of 6,000 nautical miles. They are armed with an OTO Melara 76 mm/62, and have a longer deck area that can accommodate deep-sea search-and-rescue submarines and unmanned aircraft. In May 2015, it was announced that the Naval Service would deploy a ship to the Mediterranean to form part of the EU humanitarian response to the European migrant crisis. The fleet flagship, Eithne, left Cork on 16 May 2015, led by Commander Pearse O'Donnell, for an eight-week deployment to the region, during which time the ship picked up a total of 3,377 people in the waters between Libya and Sicily.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
Naval College
Specialist units
Diving Section
Naval Intelligence Cell
Fishery Monitoring Centre
Roles and capabilities
Irish territorial waters and EEZ
EU Navfor Med
Assets
Current fleet
Other assets
Acquisitions and future
Decommissioned
Weapons
Personnel and ranks
Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
Irish Naval Service warrant officers
Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
See also
Footnotes
External links
 A Danish stern trawler Helen Basse was also leased for a year, serving under the name LÉ Ferdia, pennant number A16. The 50th anniversary of the Naval Service took place in 1996. Celebrations included a fleet review by President Mary Robinson. In 1999, a new ship LÉ Róisin was delivered to the Naval Service, marking the beginning of a new class of larger patrol vessels followed by LÉ Niamh, commissioned in September 2001 replacing LÉ Deirdre . LÉ Róisín cruising off the Skellig Islands in 2013
While most missions undertaken by the Naval Service are in Irish waters, on occasion longer missions are undertaken in support of Irish peacekeepers serving with the United Nations, representing Ireland, or in support of Irish trade missions. In 2002, LÉ Niamh delivered supplies to Irish troops in Eritrea, then continued on a trade promotional tour to India, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, China, Korea, and Japan, becoming the first Irish naval vessel to cross the Equator. In 2006 LÉ Eithne travelled to Argentina, attending ceremonies connected with the 149th anniversary of the death of Irish-born Admiral William Brown, founder of the Argentine Navy, and also visited ports in Uruguay and Brazil. In 2010, Niamh travelled to the Americas, visiting Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Mexico and the United States. In 2010, two new ships were planned for the Naval Service. The first, LÉ Samuel Beckett, was delivered in April 2014 replacing LÉ Emer, and the second, LÉ James Joyce, replaced LÉ Aoife in 2015.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia

A Danish stern trawler Helen Basse was also leased for a year, serving under the name LÉ Ferdia, pennant number A16. The 50th anniversary of the Naval Service took place in 1996. Celebrations included a fleet review by President Mary Robinson. In 1999, a new ship LÉ Róisin was delivered to the Naval Service, marking the beginning of a new class of larger patrol vessels followed by LÉ Niamh, commissioned in September 2001 replacing LÉ Deirdre . LÉ Róisín cruising off the Skellig Islands in 2013
While most missions undertaken by the Naval Service are in Irish waters, on occasion longer missions are undertaken in support of Irish peacekeepers serving with the United Nations, representing Ireland, or in support of Irish trade missions. In 2002, LÉ Niamh delivered supplies to Irish troops in Eritrea, then continued on a trade promotional tour to India, Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, China, Korea, and Japan, becoming the first Irish naval vessel to cross the Equator. In 2006 LÉ Eithne travelled to Argentina, attending ceremonies connected with the 149th anniversary of the death of Irish-born Admiral William Brown, founder of the Argentine Navy, and also visited ports in Uruguay and Brazil. In 2010, Niamh travelled to the Americas, visiting Brazil, Argentina, Chile, Mexico and the United States. In 2010, two new ships were planned for the Naval Service. The first, LÉ Samuel Beckett, was delivered in April 2014 replacing LÉ Emer, and the second, LÉ James Joyce, replaced LÉ Aoife in 2015.

Using my phone in Northern Ireland - O2 Community
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 Wincanton South Somerset (Full 4g 3G 2g indoor coverage) Remember we are all customers here not customer services
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In Europe, I always manually select a network to make sure it doesn't switch over. Report Content
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on 16-07-2012 08:58
Leonard I can see the point in manually selecting a network in Ireland, to avoid unwittingly roaming, but what is the point in manual network selection in Europe? Seeing as there are no price variations based on network, surely just selecting the strongest signal is the best approach? Maybe there would be a point if you were on the Poland - Ukraine border, or other EU border area but surely if in downtown Rome, Paris or Madrid selecting the strongest signal (Automatic) is best thing to do? Report Content
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In Europe, I always manually select a network to make sure it doesn't switch over. Report Content
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on 16-07-2012 08:58
Leonard I can see the point in manually selecting a network in Ireland, to avoid unwittingly roaming, but what is the point in manual network selection in Europe? Seeing as there are no price variations based on network, surely just selecting the strongest signal is the best approach? Maybe there would be a point if you were on the Poland - Ukraine border, or other EU border area but surely if in downtown Rome, Paris or Madrid selecting the strongest signal (Automatic) is best thing to do? Report Content
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Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Contents
History
Roads in the Republic of Ireland
Motorways
Planned motorways
National primary roads
National secondary roads
Alternative National roads
Regional roads
Local roads
Old system
Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
Roads in Northern Ireland
European routes
See also
References
External links
 Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia
Roads in Ireland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Overview of roads in Ireland
Ireland. Motorways shown in blue, primary roads (N, A) shown in green. ( OpenStreetMap mapping)
The island of Ireland, comprising Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, has an extensive network of tens of thousands of kilometres of public roads, usually surfaced. These roads have been developed and modernised over centuries, from trackways suitable only for walkers and horses, to surfaced roads including modern motorways. The major routes were established before Irish independence and consequently take little cognisance of the border other than a change of identification number and street furniture. Northern Ireland has had motorways since 1962, and has a well-developed network of primary, secondary and local routes. The Republic started work on its motorway network in the early 1980s; and historically, the road network there was once somewhat less well developed. However, the Celtic Tiger economic boom and an influx of European Union structural funding, saw national roads and regional roads in the Republic come up to international standard quite quickly. In the mid-1990s, for example, the Republic went from having only a few short sections of motorway to a network of motorways, dual carriageways and other improvements on most major routes as part of a National Development Plan.

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia

Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Contents
History
Roads in the Republic of Ireland
Motorways
Planned motorways
National primary roads
National secondary roads
Alternative National roads
Regional roads
Local roads
Old system
Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
Roads in Northern Ireland
European routes
See also
References
External links

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia
Roads in Ireland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Overview of roads in Ireland
Ireland. Motorways shown in blue, primary roads (N, A) shown in green. ( OpenStreetMap mapping)
The island of Ireland, comprising Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland, has an extensive network of tens of thousands of kilometres of public roads, usually surfaced. These roads have been developed and modernised over centuries, from trackways suitable only for walkers and horses, to surfaced roads including modern motorways. The major routes were established before Irish independence and consequently take little cognisance of the border other than a change of identification number and street furniture. Northern Ireland has had motorways since 1962, and has a well-developed network of primary, secondary and local routes. The Republic started work on its motorway network in the early 1980s; and historically, the road network there was once somewhat less well developed. However, the Celtic Tiger economic boom and an influx of European Union structural funding, saw national roads and regional roads in the Republic come up to international standard quite quickly. In the mid-1990s, for example, the Republic went from having only a few short sections of motorway to a network of motorways, dual carriageways and other improvements on most major routes as part of a National Development Plan.

Using my phone in Northern Ireland - O2 Community
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on 16-07-2012 08:58
Leonard I can see the point in manually selecting a network in Ireland, to avoid unwittingly roaming, but what is the point in manual network selection in Europe? Seeing as there are no price variations based on network, surely just selecting the strongest signal is the best approach? Maybe there would be a point if you were on the Poland - Ukraine border, or other EU border area but surely if in downtown Rome, Paris or Madrid selecting the strongest signal (Automatic) is best thing to do? Report Content
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on 16-07-2012 09:10
Sorry, rejoice. That wasn't very clear. I was just trying to agree
I've lived in Gibraltar for the 4 years, so I still have a Gibraltarian provider and manually select that network so it doesn't switch to a Spanish one. Report Content
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on 16-07-2012 08:58
Leonard I can see the point in manually selecting a network in Ireland, to avoid unwittingly roaming, but what is the point in manual network selection in Europe? Seeing as there are no price variations based on network, surely just selecting the strongest signal is the best approach? Maybe there would be a point if you were on the Poland - Ukraine border, or other EU border area but surely if in downtown Rome, Paris or Madrid selecting the strongest signal (Automatic) is best thing to do? Report Content
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on 16-07-2012 09:10
Sorry, rejoice. That wasn't very clear. I was just trying to agree
I've lived in Gibraltar for the 4 years, so I still have a Gibraltarian provider and manually select that network so it doesn't switch to a Spanish one. Report Content
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Driving in Ireland | Ireland.com
My Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Driving laws
Licence and insurance
Brexit
Toll roads
M50 eFlow Barrier System
Fuel
Speed limits
Signposts
Parking
Parking for people with disabilities
Useful links
 4
Northern Ireland uses miles per hour, while the Republic of Ireland uses kilometres. 5
Everyone in your vehicle MUST wear seat belts at all times. Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland are generally of a high standard. They range from motorways and dual carriageways to secondary roads with two-way traffic and winding country lanes. In the Republic of Ireland, motorways are prefixed with an “M” (for example, the M50 ring road around Dublin city). National roads are prefixed with an “N” (for example N18). Secondary roads may also be dual-carriageways or have two way traffic. Roads in Northern Ireland are prefixed with an "M" for motorway; an "A" and a "B" for primary and non-primary roads. Signs in the Republic of Ireland show distances in kilometers, while in Northern Ireland miles are used.

Driving in Ireland | Ireland.com

My Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Driving laws
Licence and insurance
Brexit
Toll roads
M50 eFlow Barrier System
Fuel
Speed limits
Signposts
Parking
Parking for people with disabilities
Useful links

4
Northern Ireland uses miles per hour, while the Republic of Ireland uses kilometres. 5
Everyone in your vehicle MUST wear seat belts at all times. Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland are generally of a high standard. They range from motorways and dual carriageways to secondary roads with two-way traffic and winding country lanes. In the Republic of Ireland, motorways are prefixed with an “M” (for example, the M50 ring road around Dublin city). National roads are prefixed with an “N” (for example N18). Secondary roads may also be dual-carriageways or have two way traffic. Roads in Northern Ireland are prefixed with an "M" for motorway; an "A" and a "B" for primary and non-primary roads. Signs in the Republic of Ireland show distances in kilometers, while in Northern Ireland miles are used.

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Contents
History
Roads in the Republic of Ireland
Motorways
Planned motorways
National primary roads
National secondary roads
Alternative National roads
Regional roads
Local roads
Old system
Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
Roads in Northern Ireland
European routes
See also
References
External links
 There are two types of national roads: national primary routes and national secondary routes . Road signs in Northern Ireland follow the same design rules as the rest of the United Kingdom. Distance signposts in Northern Ireland show distances in miles, while all signposts placed in the Republic since the 1990s use kilometres. The Republic's road signs are generally bilingual, using both official languages, Irish and English. However, signs in the Gaeltacht (Irish speaking areas) use only Irish. The Irish language names are written in italic script, the English in capitals. Signs in Northern Ireland are in English only. Warning signs in the Republic have a yellow background and are diamond-shaped, those in Northern Ireland are triangle-shaped and have a white background with a red border. Speed limits in Northern Ireland are specified in miles per hour.

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia

There are two types of national roads: national primary routes and national secondary routes . Road signs in Northern Ireland follow the same design rules as the rest of the United Kingdom. Distance signposts in Northern Ireland show distances in miles, while all signposts placed in the Republic since the 1990s use kilometres. The Republic's road signs are generally bilingual, using both official languages, Irish and English. However, signs in the Gaeltacht (Irish speaking areas) use only Irish. The Irish language names are written in italic script, the English in capitals. Signs in Northern Ireland are in English only. Warning signs in the Republic have a yellow background and are diamond-shaped, those in Northern Ireland are triangle-shaped and have a white background with a red border. Speed limits in Northern Ireland are specified in miles per hour.

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Contents
History
Roads in the Republic of Ireland
Motorways
Planned motorways
National primary roads
National secondary roads
Alternative National roads
Regional roads
Local roads
Old system
Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
Roads in Northern Ireland
European routes
See also
References
External links
 Road construction in Northern Ireland now tends to proceed at a slower pace than in the Republic, although a number of important bypasses and upgrades to dual carriageway have recently been completed or are about to begin. Roads in Northern Ireland are classified as either Highways, motorways (shown by the letter M followed by a route number, e.g. M1), A-roads (shown by the letter A followed by a route number, e.g. A6), B-roads (shown by the letter B followed by a route number, e.g. B135) and other roads. There are two types of A-roads: primary and non-primary. Roads in the Republic are classified as motorways (shown by the letter M followed by a route number, e.g. M7), national roads (shown by the letter N followed by a route number, e.g. N25), regional roads (shown by the letter R followed by a route number, e.g. R611) and local roads (shown by the letter L followed by a route number, e.g. L4202). There are two types of national roads: national primary routes and national secondary routes . Road signs in Northern Ireland follow the same design rules as the rest of the United Kingdom. Distance signposts in Northern Ireland show distances in miles, while all signposts placed in the Republic since the 1990s use kilometres. The Republic's road signs are generally bilingual, using both official languages, Irish and English.

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia

Road construction in Northern Ireland now tends to proceed at a slower pace than in the Republic, although a number of important bypasses and upgrades to dual carriageway have recently been completed or are about to begin. Roads in Northern Ireland are classified as either Highways, motorways (shown by the letter M followed by a route number, e.g. M1), A-roads (shown by the letter A followed by a route number, e.g. A6), B-roads (shown by the letter B followed by a route number, e.g. B135) and other roads. There are two types of A-roads: primary and non-primary. Roads in the Republic are classified as motorways (shown by the letter M followed by a route number, e.g. M7), national roads (shown by the letter N followed by a route number, e.g. N25), regional roads (shown by the letter R followed by a route number, e.g. R611) and local roads (shown by the letter L followed by a route number, e.g. L4202). There are two types of national roads: national primary routes and national secondary routes . Road signs in Northern Ireland follow the same design rules as the rest of the United Kingdom. Distance signposts in Northern Ireland show distances in miles, while all signposts placed in the Republic since the 1990s use kilometres. The Republic's road signs are generally bilingual, using both official languages, Irish and English.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
Naval College
Specialist units
Diving Section
Naval Intelligence Cell
Fishery Monitoring Centre
Roles and capabilities
Irish territorial waters and EEZ
EU Navfor Med
Assets
Current fleet
Other assets
Acquisitions and future
Decommissioned
Weapons
Personnel and ranks
Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
Irish Naval Service warrant officers
Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
See also
Footnotes
External links
 Ships in the Irish Naval Service are designated Long Éireannach, which is abbreviated to LÉ. LÉ Eithne is the current flagship of the Naval Service. Contents
1 History
1.1 Coastal and Marine Service
1.2 Marine and Coastwatching Service
1.3 Naval Service
2 Organisation
2.1 Naval Headquarters
2.2 Naval Operations Command
2.3 Naval Support Command
2.4 Naval College
2.5 Specialist units
2.5.1 Diving Section
2.5.2 Naval Intelligence Cell
2.5.3 Fishery Monitoring Centre
3 Roles and capabilities
3.1 Irish territorial waters and EEZ
3.2 EU Navfor Med
4 Assets
4.1 Current fleet
4.2 Other assets
4.3 Acquisitions and future
4.4 Decommissioned
5 Weapons
6 Personnel and ranks
6.1 Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
6.2 Irish Naval Service warrant officers
6.3 Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
7 See also
8 Footnotes
9 External links
History
Main article: History of the Irish Naval Service
Naval Service personnel remove the body of a victim of Air India Flight 182 from LÉ Aisling which was sent to search for survivors on 23 June 1985
Coastal and Marine Service
The Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 stipulated that the Irish Free State was to be given the responsibility to police its customs and fishing, while the United Kingdom would remain in control of Irish waters. In 1923 the Coastal and Marine Service (CMS) was created, and one year later it was disbanded. During the Irish Civil War, in August 1922, a ship belonging to the British & Irish Steam Packet Company, Lady Wicklow, led by Captain Patrick Ryan, was used to bring Irish National Army troops around the coast to Fenit, the port of Tralee, in County Kerry. This naval involvement technically preceded the foundation of the Irish state, as Ireland was still part of the UK at the time. Built-in 1890 in Dublin Dockyard, the ship measured 262 by 34 feet (80 by 10 m). In all, 450 troops, including officers, were landed. Tralee was later captured from local republican forces.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
Naval College
Specialist units
Diving Section
Naval Intelligence Cell
Fishery Monitoring Centre
Roles and capabilities
Irish territorial waters and EEZ
EU Navfor Med
Assets
Current fleet
Other assets
Acquisitions and future
Decommissioned
Weapons
Personnel and ranks
Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
Irish Naval Service warrant officers
Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
See also
Footnotes
External links
 Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia
Irish Naval Service
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Naval Service
An tSeirbhís Chabhlaigh (Irish)
Emblem of the Naval Service
Founded
1 September 1946
Country
Ireland
Type
Navy
Role
Defence of the state and protection of its maritime resources
Size
1,094 personnel
115 active reservists (Establishment: 300)
9 ships (5 operational)
Part of
Irish Defence Forces
Naval base
Haulbowline, County Cork, Ireland
Colours

Website
www .military .ie /en /who-we-are /naval-service /
Commanders
FOCNS
Commodore Mick Malone
Supreme commander
President Michael D. Higgins
Insignia
Naval ensign

Naval jack

The Naval Service ( Irish: an tSeirbhís Chabhlaigh) is the maritime component of the Defence Forces of Ireland and is one of the three branches of the Irish Defence Forces. Its base is in Haulbowline, County Cork. Though preceded by earlier maritime defence organisations, the Naval Service was formed in 1946. Since the 1970s a major role of the Naval Service has been the provision of fisheries protection in Ireland's exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Other roles include sea patrol, surveillance, and smuggling prevention. Occasionally the service undertakes longer missions in support of other elements of the Defence Forces, Irish peacekeepers serving with the United Nations, or humanitarian and trade missions. From July 2017 the Naval Service has participated in the European External Action Service mission which focuses a number of EU navies on humanitarian and training roles in the Mediterranean. This mission entitled " EU Navfor Med " is the first time Ireland has taken part in a multi-role and multi-national naval operation.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia

Driving in Ireland: What You Need to Know Driving in Ireland
Driving in Ireland
Driving Requirements
Checklist for Driving in Ireland:
Rules of the Road
Automatic vs. Stick Shift Driving
Should You Rent a Car in Ireland?
 most can be easily understood without problems. Direction signs are in blue for major routes (motorways), green for national roads, and white for local roads. Places of interest are signposted by brown in the Republic and black in Northern Ireland, both with white lettering. In Ireland, all place names will be listed in both Irish and English, and the distances are given in both kilometers and miles. In Northern Ireland, all signs are in English and use miles to communicate distances. Seat belts: Seat belts must be worn by the driver and all passengers at all times. Children under 36 pounds or shorter than 4'11" (150 cm) must use an appropriate car seat or booster seat. Cell phones: The use of cell phones while driving in Ireland is strictly forbidden.

Driving in Ireland: What You Need to Know

Driving in Ireland
Driving in Ireland
Driving Requirements
Checklist for Driving in Ireland:
Rules of the Road
Automatic vs. Stick Shift Driving
Should You Rent a Car in Ireland?

most can be easily understood without problems. Direction signs are in blue for major routes (motorways), green for national roads, and white for local roads. Places of interest are signposted by brown in the Republic and black in Northern Ireland, both with white lettering. In Ireland, all place names will be listed in both Irish and English, and the distances are given in both kilometers and miles. In Northern Ireland, all signs are in English and use miles to communicate distances. Seat belts: Seat belts must be worn by the driver and all passengers at all times. Children under 36 pounds or shorter than 4'11" (150 cm) must use an appropriate car seat or booster seat. Cell phones: The use of cell phones while driving in Ireland is strictly forbidden.

Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
History
Driver theory test
Learner Permit
Driving licence categories
Penalty points
Gallery
See also
External links
References
 Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia
Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Driving licence in Ireland)
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Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Irish Driving Licence
Type
Driving licence
Issued by
Ireland
Purpose
Identification
In Ireland, a driving licence is the official document which authorises its holder to operate various types of motor vehicle on roads to which the public have access. Since 29 October 2013, they are issued by the National Driver Licence Service (NDLS). Based on the European driving licence standards, all the categories of licence available and the physical licence meet the 2006 EU standards. Contents
1 History
2 Driver theory test
3 Learner Permit
4 Driving licence categories
5 Penalty points
6 Gallery
7 See also
8 External links
9 References
History
From 19 January 2013 new licences issued are similar in size and shape to a credit-card as stipulated in Directive 2006/126/EEC. It features the driver's name and date of birth, their photo, signature and any restrictions or endorsements such as the need to wear glasses and any penalty points accrued. The older type licence is still valid but will be replaced by the new type upon licence renewal. From January 2014 the NDLS started to issue an electronic driving licence containing all the information relating to the licence. This provides additional security and protection against fraud. The microchip enables the licence to be read by special card readers which are managed by the Road Safety Authority and are available to the [Gardai|Police] However not all of the categories on the new licence are obtainable. An oversight in production of the licence means that category B1 appears on the driving licence in Ireland but cannot be obtained.

Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia

Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
History
Driver theory test
Learner Permit
Driving licence categories
Penalty points
Gallery
See also
External links
References

Inland Waterways | North South Ministerial Council Inland Waterways
Inland Waterways
Functions/Objectives
 Inland Waterways | North South Ministerial Council
Inland Waterways
The Council meets in the Inland Waterways Sector in order to take decisions on policies and action to be implemented by Waterways Ireland. Functions/Objectives
Waterways Ireland's primary function is the management, maintenance, development and restoration of the inland navigable waterway system throughout the island, principally for recreational purposes. Waterways Ireland is responsible for the following navigation systems: The Shannon-Erne Waterway
The Erne System
The Grand Canal
The Barrow Navigation System
The Lower Bann Navigation System
The Royal Canal
The Shannon Navigation System
Waterways Ireland is also charged with taking forward further studies and appraisals in relation to the possible restoration of the Ulster Canal. Waterways Ireland's Headquarters is in Enniskillen with Regional Offices in Scarriff, Co. Clare, Carrick on Shannon, Co. Leitrim and Dublin. You can view Inland Waterways Sector Joint Communiques in the Publications section. Contact details for Waterways Ireland

Inland Waterways | North South Ministerial Council

Inland Waterways
Inland Waterways
Functions/Objectives

Inland Waterways | North South Ministerial Council
Inland Waterways
The Council meets in the Inland Waterways Sector in order to take decisions on policies and action to be implemented by Waterways Ireland. Functions/Objectives
Waterways Ireland's primary function is the management, maintenance, development and restoration of the inland navigable waterway system throughout the island, principally for recreational purposes. Waterways Ireland is responsible for the following navigation systems: The Shannon-Erne Waterway
The Erne System
The Grand Canal
The Barrow Navigation System
The Lower Bann Navigation System
The Royal Canal
The Shannon Navigation System
Waterways Ireland is also charged with taking forward further studies and appraisals in relation to the possible restoration of the Ulster Canal. Waterways Ireland's Headquarters is in Enniskillen with Regional Offices in Scarriff, Co. Clare, Carrick on Shannon, Co. Leitrim and Dublin. You can view Inland Waterways Sector Joint Communiques in the Publications section. Contact details for Waterways Ireland

Using my phone in Northern Ireland - O2 Community
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Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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on 16-07-2012 09:10
Sorry, rejoice. That wasn't very clear. I was just trying to agree
I've lived in Gibraltar for the 4 years, so I still have a Gibraltarian provider and manually select that network so it doesn't switch to a Spanish one. Report Content
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on 16-09-2012 04:13
Hi
I live near the border in Northern Ireland and am constantly going to o2.ie and being charged extra - how do you manually select network? Report Content
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Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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on 16-07-2012 09:10
Sorry, rejoice. That wasn't very clear. I was just trying to agree
I've lived in Gibraltar for the 4 years, so I still have a Gibraltarian provider and manually select that network so it doesn't switch to a Spanish one. Report Content
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I live near the border in Northern Ireland and am constantly going to o2.ie and being charged extra - how do you manually select network? Report Content
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Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Contents
History
Roads in the Republic of Ireland
Motorways
Planned motorways
National primary roads
National secondary roads
Alternative National roads
Regional roads
Local roads
Old system
Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
Roads in Northern Ireland
European routes
See also
References
External links
 Northern Ireland has had motorways since 1962, and has a well-developed network of primary, secondary and local routes. The Republic started work on its motorway network in the early 1980s; and historically, the road network there was once somewhat less well developed. However, the Celtic Tiger economic boom and an influx of European Union structural funding, saw national roads and regional roads in the Republic come up to international standard quite quickly. In the mid-1990s, for example, the Republic went from having only a few short sections of motorway to a network of motorways, dual carriageways and other improvements on most major routes as part of a National Development Plan. Road construction in Northern Ireland now tends to proceed at a slower pace than in the Republic, although a number of important bypasses and upgrades to dual carriageway have recently been completed or are about to begin. Roads in Northern Ireland are classified as either Highways, motorways (shown by the letter M followed by a route number, e.g. M1), A-roads (shown by the letter A followed by a route number, e.g. A6), B-roads (shown by the letter B followed by a route number, e.g. B135) and other roads. There are two types of A-roads: primary and non-primary. Roads in the Republic are classified as motorways (shown by the letter M followed by a route number, e.g. M7), national roads (shown by the letter N followed by a route number, e.g. N25), regional roads (shown by the letter R followed by a route number, e.g. R611) and local roads (shown by the letter L followed by a route number, e.g. L4202).

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia

Northern Ireland has had motorways since 1962, and has a well-developed network of primary, secondary and local routes. The Republic started work on its motorway network in the early 1980s; and historically, the road network there was once somewhat less well developed. However, the Celtic Tiger economic boom and an influx of European Union structural funding, saw national roads and regional roads in the Republic come up to international standard quite quickly. In the mid-1990s, for example, the Republic went from having only a few short sections of motorway to a network of motorways, dual carriageways and other improvements on most major routes as part of a National Development Plan. Road construction in Northern Ireland now tends to proceed at a slower pace than in the Republic, although a number of important bypasses and upgrades to dual carriageway have recently been completed or are about to begin. Roads in Northern Ireland are classified as either Highways, motorways (shown by the letter M followed by a route number, e.g. M1), A-roads (shown by the letter A followed by a route number, e.g. A6), B-roads (shown by the letter B followed by a route number, e.g. B135) and other roads. There are two types of A-roads: primary and non-primary. Roads in the Republic are classified as motorways (shown by the letter M followed by a route number, e.g. M7), national roads (shown by the letter N followed by a route number, e.g. N25), regional roads (shown by the letter R followed by a route number, e.g. R611) and local roads (shown by the letter L followed by a route number, e.g. L4202).

Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland
Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
Overview
General structure of Irish numbering
Geographical numbering
Main article: List of Irish dialling codes
Regional overview
Mobile services
Mobile network operators (MNOs)
Mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs)
M2M (Machine to Machine) Communication
Direct to voicemail number
Calls to Northern Ireland
International calls
Reserved numbers
Special numbers
Speed dial short numbers to contact carriers
Operator services
Emergency services
Services provided
SMS emergency service
Premium rate numbers
Premium rate voice
Premium rate SMS
Special rate non–geographic numbers
Internet access numbers
Carrier selection (per call)
Network engineering codes
Line information codes
Check phone number associated with line / automatic number announcement circuit (ANAC)
Check preset carrier
Voicemail
Call management services / supplementary service codes
PSTN lines and some ISDN services
Caller ID services
Call waiting
Conference/three–way calling
Call hold / transfer to another extension
Call forwarding (unconditional)
Alarm / reminder call
Services on Virgin Media Ireland cable network
Caller ID services
Call forwarding
Call waiting
Anonymous call rejection
Redial last number called
Mobiles
Number changes
1998–2000
2002–2003
2005–2007
2009–2010
Older changes
Possible future changes
Notes
Historical numbering
Defunct access codes
Defunct operator services
Defunct information services
Historical Northern Ireland access codes
Historical Great Britain access codes
See also
References
Sources
External links
 On some networks, when the direct to voicemail number is called, the voicemail greeting for that network is played (e.g. Vodafone, eir Mobile), while others request a phone number followed by the voicemail greeting for that number (e.g. Three). Users can press the hash key ( #) to gain access to the voicemail box. Calls to Northern Ireland
Although Northern Ireland is part of the UK numbering plan, a special arrangement exists for calling Northern Irish landlines from the Republic of Ireland. Calls to Northern Ireland can be dialled using the 048 prefix or by dialling the number in the full international format. Most Irish operators treat calls to Northern Ireland at national or even local rates. Similar charging arrangements apply when calling the Republic of Ireland from Northern Ireland. For example, to reach Belfast landline 90xx xxxx, subscribers can dial either 048 90xx xxxx or 00 44 28 90xx xxxx . Northern Irish mobile phones use the same mobile numbering and networks as other parts of the UK – calls must be dialled using the 00 44 7xxx xxx xxx format. International calls
In common with all EU countries, the international access code is 00 . Numbers should be dialled as follows:

Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia

Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland
Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
Overview
General structure of Irish numbering
Geographical numbering
Main article: List of Irish dialling codes
Regional overview
Mobile services
Mobile network operators (MNOs)
Mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs)
M2M (Machine to Machine) Communication
Direct to voicemail number
Calls to Northern Ireland
International calls
Reserved numbers
Special numbers
Speed dial short numbers to contact carriers
Operator services
Emergency services
Services provided
SMS emergency service
Premium rate numbers
Premium rate voice
Premium rate SMS
Special rate non–geographic numbers
Internet access numbers
Carrier selection (per call)
Network engineering codes
Line information codes
Check phone number associated with line / automatic number announcement circuit (ANAC)
Check preset carrier
Voicemail
Call management services / supplementary service codes
PSTN lines and some ISDN services
Caller ID services
Call waiting
Conference/three–way calling
Call hold / transfer to another extension
Call forwarding (unconditional)
Alarm / reminder call
Services on Virgin Media Ireland cable network
Caller ID services
Call forwarding
Call waiting
Anonymous call rejection
Redial last number called
Mobiles
Number changes
1998–2000
2002–2003
2005–2007
2009–2010
Older changes
Possible future changes
Notes
Historical numbering
Defunct access codes
Defunct operator services
Defunct information services
Historical Northern Ireland access codes
Historical Great Britain access codes
See also
References
Sources
External links

On some networks, when the direct to voicemail number is called, the voicemail greeting for that network is played (e.g. Vodafone, eir Mobile), while others request a phone number followed by the voicemail greeting for that number (e.g. Three). Users can press the hash key ( #) to gain access to the voicemail box. Calls to Northern Ireland
Although Northern Ireland is part of the UK numbering plan, a special arrangement exists for calling Northern Irish landlines from the Republic of Ireland. Calls to Northern Ireland can be dialled using the 048 prefix or by dialling the number in the full international format. Most Irish operators treat calls to Northern Ireland at national or even local rates. Similar charging arrangements apply when calling the Republic of Ireland from Northern Ireland. For example, to reach Belfast landline 90xx xxxx, subscribers can dial either 048 90xx xxxx or 00 44 28 90xx xxxx . Northern Irish mobile phones use the same mobile numbering and networks as other parts of the UK – calls must be dialled using the 00 44 7xxx xxx xxx format. International calls
In common with all EU countries, the international access code is 00 . Numbers should be dialled as follows:

Getting Around in Ireland | Frommer's Getting Around in Ireland
Ireland
Getting Around in Ireland
By Car
By Train
Money Saving Bus and Rail Passes
By Bus
By Plane
By Bike
 In an effort to rein in Irish drivers, the Republic now uses a penalty “points” system similar to that in the U.K. and the U.S. Although visitors won’t have points added to their licenses, they may still be fined if they speed or commit driving infractions. advertisement
All distances and speed limits on road signs in the Republic of Ireland are in kilometers, while in Northern Ireland they are in miles. Take care if you’re driving around the borderlands—the border is unmarked, so you can cross over from one side to the other without knowing it. It’s easy to get confused and speed accidentally. Getting used to left-side driving, left-handed stick shift, narrow roads, and a new landscape all present a challenge, especially if you’re driving solo—it’s helpful if you can have somebody along to navigate. Some people even use tricks such as sticking a big arrow to the dashboard reminding you that the left is your default lane. A GPS navigation device can be invaluable in finding your way around, especially in the remote countryside. Nearly all rental firms offer them. advertisement
Roundabouts (what Americans call traffic circles or rotaries) are found on most major roads and take a little getting used to. Remember always to yield to traffic coming from the right as you approach a roundabout and follow the traffic to the left, signaling before you exit the circle.

Getting Around in Ireland | Frommer's

Getting Around in Ireland
Ireland
Getting Around in Ireland
By Car
By Train
Money Saving Bus and Rail Passes
By Bus
By Plane
By Bike

In an effort to rein in Irish drivers, the Republic now uses a penalty “points” system similar to that in the U.K. and the U.S. Although visitors won’t have points added to their licenses, they may still be fined if they speed or commit driving infractions. advertisement
All distances and speed limits on road signs in the Republic of Ireland are in kilometers, while in Northern Ireland they are in miles. Take care if you’re driving around the borderlands—the border is unmarked, so you can cross over from one side to the other without knowing it. It’s easy to get confused and speed accidentally. Getting used to left-side driving, left-handed stick shift, narrow roads, and a new landscape all present a challenge, especially if you’re driving solo—it’s helpful if you can have somebody along to navigate. Some people even use tricks such as sticking a big arrow to the dashboard reminding you that the left is your default lane. A GPS navigation device can be invaluable in finding your way around, especially in the remote countryside. Nearly all rental firms offer them. advertisement
Roundabouts (what Americans call traffic circles or rotaries) are found on most major roads and take a little getting used to. Remember always to yield to traffic coming from the right as you approach a roundabout and follow the traffic to the left, signaling before you exit the circle.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
Naval College
Specialist units
Diving Section
Naval Intelligence Cell
Fishery Monitoring Centre
Roles and capabilities
Irish territorial waters and EEZ
EU Navfor Med
Assets
Current fleet
Other assets
Acquisitions and future
Decommissioned
Weapons
Personnel and ranks
Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
Irish Naval Service warrant officers
Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
See also
Footnotes
External links
 Since the 1970s a major role of the Naval Service has been the provision of fisheries protection in Ireland's exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Other roles include sea patrol, surveillance, and smuggling prevention. Occasionally the service undertakes longer missions in support of other elements of the Defence Forces, Irish peacekeepers serving with the United Nations, or humanitarian and trade missions. From July 2017 the Naval Service has participated in the European External Action Service mission which focuses a number of EU navies on humanitarian and training roles in the Mediterranean. This mission entitled " EU Navfor Med " is the first time Ireland has taken part in a multi-role and multi-national naval operation. Ships in the Irish Naval Service are designated Long Éireannach, which is abbreviated to LÉ. LÉ Eithne is the current flagship of the Naval Service. Contents
1 History
1.1 Coastal and Marine Service
1.2 Marine and Coastwatching Service
1.3 Naval Service
2 Organisation
2.1 Naval Headquarters
2.2 Naval Operations Command
2.3 Naval Support Command
2.4 Naval College
2.5 Specialist units
2.5.1 Diving Section
2.5.2 Naval Intelligence Cell
2.5.3 Fishery Monitoring Centre
3 Roles and capabilities
3.1 Irish territorial waters and EEZ
3.2 EU Navfor Med
4 Assets
4.1 Current fleet
4.2 Other assets
4.3 Acquisitions and future
4.4 Decommissioned
5 Weapons
6 Personnel and ranks
6.1 Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
6.2 Irish Naval Service warrant officers
6.3 Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
7 See also
8 Footnotes
9 External links
History
Main article: History of the Irish Naval Service
Naval Service personnel remove the body of a victim of Air India Flight 182 from LÉ Aisling which was sent to search for survivors on 23 June 1985
Coastal and Marine Service
The Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 stipulated that the Irish Free State was to be given the responsibility to police its customs and fishing, while the United Kingdom would remain in control of Irish waters. In 1923 the Coastal and Marine Service (CMS) was created, and one year later it was disbanded.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Contents
History
Roads in the Republic of Ireland
Motorways
Planned motorways
National primary roads
National secondary roads
Alternative National roads
Regional roads
Local roads
Old system
Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
Roads in Northern Ireland
European routes
See also
References
External links
 However, signs in the Gaeltacht (Irish speaking areas) use only Irish. The Irish language names are written in italic script, the English in capitals. Signs in Northern Ireland are in English only. Warning signs in the Republic have a yellow background and are diamond-shaped, those in Northern Ireland are triangle-shaped and have a white background with a red border. Speed limits in Northern Ireland are specified in miles per hour. Those in the Republic use kilometres per hour (km/h), a change introduced on 20 January 2005. This involved the provision of 58,000 new metric speed limit signs, replacing and supplementing 35,000 imperial signs. Contents
1 History
2 Roads in the Republic of Ireland
2.1 Motorways
2.1.1 Planned motorways
2.2 National primary roads
2.3 National secondary roads
2.4 Alternative National roads
2.5 Regional roads
2.6 Local roads
2.7 Old system
2.7.1 Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
3 Roads in Northern Ireland
4 European routes
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
History
Main article: History of Roads in Ireland
There have been routes and trackways in Ireland connecting settlements and facilitating trade since ancient times. Ireland was never part of the Roman Empire and, therefore, Roman roads were not built in Ireland.

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia

However, signs in the Gaeltacht (Irish speaking areas) use only Irish. The Irish language names are written in italic script, the English in capitals. Signs in Northern Ireland are in English only. Warning signs in the Republic have a yellow background and are diamond-shaped, those in Northern Ireland are triangle-shaped and have a white background with a red border. Speed limits in Northern Ireland are specified in miles per hour. Those in the Republic use kilometres per hour (km/h), a change introduced on 20 January 2005. This involved the provision of 58,000 new metric speed limit signs, replacing and supplementing 35,000 imperial signs. Contents
1 History
2 Roads in the Republic of Ireland
2.1 Motorways
2.1.1 Planned motorways
2.2 National primary roads
2.3 National secondary roads
2.4 Alternative National roads
2.5 Regional roads
2.6 Local roads
2.7 Old system
2.7.1 Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
3 Roads in Northern Ireland
4 European routes
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
History
Main article: History of Roads in Ireland
There have been routes and trackways in Ireland connecting settlements and facilitating trade since ancient times. Ireland was never part of the Roman Empire and, therefore, Roman roads were not built in Ireland.

Driving in Ireland: What You Need to Know Driving in Ireland
Driving in Ireland
Driving Requirements
Checklist for Driving in Ireland:
Rules of the Road
Automatic vs. Stick Shift Driving
Should You Rent a Car in Ireland?
 Note: a single carriageway is a smaller road with one lane in each direction, whereas a dual carriageway has some kind of divider between the traffic going in opposite directions and usually has at least two lanes in each direction). Road signs: While warning signs in Northern Ireland are generally to international standards, those in the Republic of Ireland tend to be a bit old-fashioned. Don’t worry: most can be easily understood without problems. Direction signs are in blue for major routes (motorways), green for national roads, and white for local roads. Places of interest are signposted by brown in the Republic and black in Northern Ireland, both with white lettering. In Ireland, all place names will be listed in both Irish and English, and the distances are given in both kilometers and miles. In Northern Ireland, all signs are in English and use miles to communicate distances.

Note: a single carriageway is a smaller road with one lane in each direction, whereas a dual carriageway has some kind of divider between the traffic going in opposite directions and usually has at least two lanes in each direction). Road signs: While warning signs in Northern Ireland are generally to international standards, those in the Republic of Ireland tend to be a bit old-fashioned. Don’t worry: most can be easily understood without problems. Direction signs are in blue for major routes (motorways), green for national roads, and white for local roads. Places of interest are signposted by brown in the Republic and black in Northern Ireland, both with white lettering. In Ireland, all place names will be listed in both Irish and English, and the distances are given in both kilometers and miles. In Northern Ireland, all signs are in English and use miles to communicate distances.

10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic 10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic
10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic
10 Size
9 Currency and Economy
8 International Recognition
7 Ireland generally refers to the Republic.
6 Metric vs. Imperial measurements
5 Tourist spots
4 Food
3 Religion
2 Politics
1 Culture
 However, Northern Ireland is still a prevalent area that has influence over the affairs of both the UK and Europe as a whole. 6 Metric vs. Imperial measurements
Another important difference is that Northern Ireland, similar to America, uses the interesting imperial system. Specifically, all the road signs in Northern Ireland feature miles per hour instead of kilometers. Nowadays, it’s one of the only countries in the world to still hold on to the traditional method of measurement. The Republic of Ireland, on the other hand, uses the metric system of kilometers like the majority of the world. While the reasoning behind this is unclear, we can imagine that it could turn out to be quite inconvenient for the citizens to get used to the other system should they go to either side for a visit. RELATED: 10 Weirdest Things Confiscated By TSA Agents
5 Tourist spots
While Northern Ireland has given off the weaker impression on this list so far, there’s no doubt that it features some of the world’s most beautiful sight-seeing destinations. First up, it features the famous, rustic Dunlap Castle, a beautiful structure right on the drop-off to the sea. Secondly, it also has natural beauties such as the valleys known as the Glens of Antrim as well as the gorgeous and rugged Rathlin Island.

10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic

10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic
10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic
10 Size
9 Currency and Economy
8 International Recognition
7 Ireland generally refers to the Republic.
6 Metric vs. Imperial measurements
5 Tourist spots
4 Food
3 Religion
2 Politics
1 Culture

However, Northern Ireland is still a prevalent area that has influence over the affairs of both the UK and Europe as a whole. 6 Metric vs. Imperial measurements
Another important difference is that Northern Ireland, similar to America, uses the interesting imperial system. Specifically, all the road signs in Northern Ireland feature miles per hour instead of kilometers. Nowadays, it’s one of the only countries in the world to still hold on to the traditional method of measurement. The Republic of Ireland, on the other hand, uses the metric system of kilometers like the majority of the world. While the reasoning behind this is unclear, we can imagine that it could turn out to be quite inconvenient for the citizens to get used to the other system should they go to either side for a visit. RELATED: 10 Weirdest Things Confiscated By TSA Agents
5 Tourist spots
While Northern Ireland has given off the weaker impression on this list so far, there’s no doubt that it features some of the world’s most beautiful sight-seeing destinations. First up, it features the famous, rustic Dunlap Castle, a beautiful structure right on the drop-off to the sea. Secondly, it also has natural beauties such as the valleys known as the Glens of Antrim as well as the gorgeous and rugged Rathlin Island.

Transport in Ireland - Wikipedia Transport in Ireland
Transport in Ireland
Contents
Railways
Road transport
Roads and cars in Ireland
Bus services
Modal share
Waterways
Pipelines
Ports and harbours
Mercantile Marine
Aviation
Airport passenger numbers
Gateway Irish Urban Reference Destination Distances
See also
Footnotes
References
External links
 Distance and speed limit signs in Northern Ireland use imperial units in common with the rest of the United Kingdom. Historically, land owners developed most roads and later turnpike trusts collected tolls so that as early as 1800 Ireland had a 16,100 kilometres (10,000 mi) road network. In 2005 the Irish Government launched Transport 21, a plan envisaging the investment of €34 billion in transport infrastructure from 2006 until 2015. Several road projects were progressed but the economic crisis that began in 2008–09 has prevented its full implementation. Between 2011 and 2015, diesel cars constituted 70% of new cars. In 2015, 27 new cars per 1,000 inhabitants were registered in Ireland, the same as the EU average. Bus services
Ireland's first mail coach services were contracted with the government by John Anderson with William Bourne in 1791 who also paid to improve the condition of the roads. The system of mail coaches, carriages and "bians" was further developed by Charles Bianconi, based in Clonmel, from 1815 as a fore-runner of the modern Irish public transportation system. State-owned Bus Éireann (Irish Bus) currently provides most bus services in the Republic of Ireland, outside Dublin, including an express coach network connecting most cities in Ireland, along with local bus services in the provincial cities. Bus Átha Cliath ( Dublin Bus ), a sister company of Bus Éireann, provides most of the bus services in Dublin, with some other operators providing a number of routes.

Transport in Ireland - Wikipedia

Transport in Ireland
Transport in Ireland
Contents
Railways
Road transport
Roads and cars in Ireland
Bus services
Modal share
Waterways
Pipelines
Ports and harbours
Mercantile Marine
Aviation
Airport passenger numbers
Gateway Irish Urban Reference Destination Distances
See also
Footnotes
References
External links

Distance and speed limit signs in Northern Ireland use imperial units in common with the rest of the United Kingdom. Historically, land owners developed most roads and later turnpike trusts collected tolls so that as early as 1800 Ireland had a 16,100 kilometres (10,000 mi) road network. In 2005 the Irish Government launched Transport 21, a plan envisaging the investment of €34 billion in transport infrastructure from 2006 until 2015. Several road projects were progressed but the economic crisis that began in 2008–09 has prevented its full implementation. Between 2011 and 2015, diesel cars constituted 70% of new cars. In 2015, 27 new cars per 1,000 inhabitants were registered in Ireland, the same as the EU average. Bus services
Ireland's first mail coach services were contracted with the government by John Anderson with William Bourne in 1791 who also paid to improve the condition of the roads. The system of mail coaches, carriages and "bians" was further developed by Charles Bianconi, based in Clonmel, from 1815 as a fore-runner of the modern Irish public transportation system. State-owned Bus Éireann (Irish Bus) currently provides most bus services in the Republic of Ireland, outside Dublin, including an express coach network connecting most cities in Ireland, along with local bus services in the provincial cities. Bus Átha Cliath ( Dublin Bus ), a sister company of Bus Éireann, provides most of the bus services in Dublin, with some other operators providing a number of routes.

Using my phone in Northern Ireland - O2 Community
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Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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on 14-07-2012 23:06
I am looking for some help please. I am travelling from the UK to Northern Ireland for a few days and although I am aware that NI is part of the UK I cannot find on the O2 website whether or not my minutes, text & data allowances will still be used when calling home or whether I will ave to pay the 50p connection charge for each call and the £1.99 daily charge for up to 25mb data. Can someone please advise? Thank you. Report Content
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14-07-2012 23:35 - edited 14-07-2012 23:38
As Northern Ireland is part of the UK of course you will be able to use your mobile just the same as you do whilst at home - you are not leaving the UK and travelling abroad - travelling to the Republic of Ireland would incurr the 50p etc connection charge. British passports state United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

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on 16-09-2012 04:13
Hi
I live near the border in Northern Ireland and am constantly going to o2.ie and being charged extra - how do you manually select network? Report Content
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on 16-09-2012 04:54
What phone do you have? It's normally in settings > network . Set to manual rather than auto and then just select O2-UK.

Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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on 16-09-2012 04:13
Hi
I live near the border in Northern Ireland and am constantly going to o2.ie and being charged extra - how do you manually select network? Report Content
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on 16-09-2012 04:54
What phone do you have? It's normally in settings > network . Set to manual rather than auto and then just select O2-UK.

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 Thank you. Report Content
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14-07-2012 23:35 - edited 14-07-2012 23:38
As Northern Ireland is part of the UK of course you will be able to use your mobile just the same as you do whilst at home - you are not leaving the UK and travelling abroad - travelling to the Republic of Ireland would incurr the 50p etc connection charge. British passports state United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Report Content
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14-07-2012 23:35 - edited 14-07-2012 23:38
As Northern Ireland is part of the UK of course you will be able to use your mobile just the same as you do whilst at home - you are not leaving the UK and travelling abroad - travelling to the Republic of Ireland would incurr the 50p etc connection charge. British passports state United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Report Content
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Northern Ireland Driving Distance Calculator, Driving Directions, Distance Between Cities, Distance Chart (UK)
Driving Distance Calculator and Driving Directions Northern Ireland (UK)
Using Northern Ireland (UK) Distance Calculator and Driving Directions
 Northern Ireland Driving Distance Calculator, Driving Directions, Distance Between Cities, Distance Chart (UK)
Driving Distance Calculator and Driving Directions Northern Ireland (UK)
See Also: UK Distance Calculator
Northern Ireland (UK) Driving Distance Calculator, calculates the Distance and Driving Directions between two addresses, places, cities, villages, towns or airports in Northern Ireland (UK). This distance and driving directions will also be displayed on google map labeled as Distance Map and Driving Directions Northern Ireland (UK). The distance between cities of Northern Ireland (UK) is calculated in kilometers (kms), miles and nautical miles. Distance in miles gives you the mileage between cities by this Northern Ireland (UK) mileage calculator. Northern Ireland (UK) Distance Chart (Distance Table): For your quick reference, below is a Distance Chart or Distance Table of distances between some of the major cities in Northern Ireland (UK). [ Note: The distance between cities in Northern Ireland (UK) distance chart below is straight line distance (may be called as flying or air distance) between the two locations in Northern Ireland (UK) calculated based on their latitudes and longitudes. This distance may be very much different from the actual travel distance.]

Northern Ireland Driving Distance Calculator, Driving Directions, Distance Between Cities, Distance Chart (UK)

Driving Distance Calculator and Driving Directions Northern Ireland (UK)
Using Northern Ireland (UK) Distance Calculator and Driving Directions

Northern Ireland Driving Distance Calculator, Driving Directions, Distance Between Cities, Distance Chart (UK)
Driving Distance Calculator and Driving Directions Northern Ireland (UK)
See Also: UK Distance Calculator
Northern Ireland (UK) Driving Distance Calculator, calculates the Distance and Driving Directions between two addresses, places, cities, villages, towns or airports in Northern Ireland (UK). This distance and driving directions will also be displayed on google map labeled as Distance Map and Driving Directions Northern Ireland (UK). The distance between cities of Northern Ireland (UK) is calculated in kilometers (kms), miles and nautical miles. Distance in miles gives you the mileage between cities by this Northern Ireland (UK) mileage calculator. Northern Ireland (UK) Distance Chart (Distance Table): For your quick reference, below is a Distance Chart or Distance Table of distances between some of the major cities in Northern Ireland (UK). [ Note: The distance between cities in Northern Ireland (UK) distance chart below is straight line distance (may be called as flying or air distance) between the two locations in Northern Ireland (UK) calculated based on their latitudes and longitudes. This distance may be very much different from the actual travel distance.]

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
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Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
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 Named LÉ Deirdre, it was the first naval vessel purpose-built in Ireland to patrol its waters. The exclusive economic zone of Ireland was increased in 1976 from 12 miles (19 km) to 200 miles (320 km). The subsequent strain put on the Naval Service prompted funding from the European Economic Community to acquire five additional vessels, four of which were eventually built. Meanwhile, the former Irish lights vessel Isolda was purchased to act as a training ship, bearing the pennant number A15 and renamed LÉ Setanta (A15). It served until being sold for scrap in 1984. A Danish stern trawler Helen Basse was also leased for a year, serving under the name LÉ Ferdia, pennant number A16. The 50th anniversary of the Naval Service took place in 1996. Celebrations included a fleet review by President Mary Robinson. In 1999, a new ship LÉ Róisin was delivered to the Naval Service, marking the beginning of a new class of larger patrol vessels followed by LÉ Niamh, commissioned in September 2001 replacing LÉ Deirdre . LÉ Róisín cruising off the Skellig Islands in 2013
While most missions undertaken by the Naval Service are in Irish waters, on occasion longer missions are undertaken in support of Irish peacekeepers serving with the United Nations, representing Ireland, or in support of Irish trade missions.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia

Named LÉ Deirdre, it was the first naval vessel purpose-built in Ireland to patrol its waters. The exclusive economic zone of Ireland was increased in 1976 from 12 miles (19 km) to 200 miles (320 km). The subsequent strain put on the Naval Service prompted funding from the European Economic Community to acquire five additional vessels, four of which were eventually built. Meanwhile, the former Irish lights vessel Isolda was purchased to act as a training ship, bearing the pennant number A15 and renamed LÉ Setanta (A15). It served until being sold for scrap in 1984. A Danish stern trawler Helen Basse was also leased for a year, serving under the name LÉ Ferdia, pennant number A16. The 50th anniversary of the Naval Service took place in 1996. Celebrations included a fleet review by President Mary Robinson. In 1999, a new ship LÉ Róisin was delivered to the Naval Service, marking the beginning of a new class of larger patrol vessels followed by LÉ Niamh, commissioned in September 2001 replacing LÉ Deirdre . LÉ Róisín cruising off the Skellig Islands in 2013
While most missions undertaken by the Naval Service are in Irish waters, on occasion longer missions are undertaken in support of Irish peacekeepers serving with the United Nations, representing Ireland, or in support of Irish trade missions.

Northern Ireland vs Republic of Ireland - Difference and Comparison | Diffen Northern Ireland vs. Republic of Ireland
Northern Ireland vs. Republic of Ireland
Comparison chart
Northern Ireland
Republic of Ireland
References
 Northern Ireland vs Republic of Ireland - Difference and Comparison | Diffen
Northern Ireland vs. Republic of Ireland
Diffen › Geography
The island of Ireland is divided into two separate jurisdictions: the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The Republic of Ireland is an independent nation — commonly referred to simply as Ireland — while Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom . Comparison chart
Differences —
Similarities —
Northern Ireland versus Republic of Ireland comparison chart

Northern Ireland
Republic of Ireland

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Introduction (from Wikipedia)
Northern Ireland (Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann or Norlin Airlan) is a part of the United Kingdom in the northeast of the island of Ireland. It is variously described as a country, province, or region of the UK. Ireland), described as the Republic of Ireland (Irish: Poblacht na hÉireann), is a sovereign state in Europe occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. Currency
Pound sterling (GBP)
Euro (€) (EUR)
Government
Consociational devolved government within a constitutional monarchy
Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
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WET (UTC+0)
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+44
+353
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dd/mm/yyyy
Flag
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a.
Northern Ireland has no official language. The use of English has been established through precedent.

Northern Ireland vs Republic of Ireland - Difference and Comparison | Diffen

Northern Ireland vs. Republic of Ireland
Northern Ireland vs. Republic of Ireland
Comparison chart
Northern Ireland
Republic of Ireland
References

Northern Ireland vs Republic of Ireland - Difference and Comparison | Diffen
Northern Ireland vs. Republic of Ireland
Diffen › Geography
The island of Ireland is divided into two separate jurisdictions: the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The Republic of Ireland is an independent nation — commonly referred to simply as Ireland — while Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom . Comparison chart
Differences —
Similarities —
Northern Ireland versus Republic of Ireland comparison chart

Northern Ireland
Republic of Ireland

current rating is 3.57/5
1
2
3
4
5
(148 ratings)
current rating is 4.08/5
1
2
3
4
5
(78 ratings)
Introduction (from Wikipedia)
Northern Ireland (Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann or Norlin Airlan) is a part of the United Kingdom in the northeast of the island of Ireland. It is variously described as a country, province, or region of the UK. Ireland), described as the Republic of Ireland (Irish: Poblacht na hÉireann), is a sovereign state in Europe occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. Currency
Pound sterling (GBP)
Euro (€) (EUR)
Government
Consociational devolved government within a constitutional monarchy
Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
Time zone
GMT (UTC+0)
WET (UTC+0)
Languages
English, Irish, Ulster Scots
English, Irish
Calling code
+44
+353
Legislature
Northern Ireland Assembly
Oireachtas
Drives on the
left
left
Internet TLD
.uk, .ie, .eu
.ie
Demonym
Northern Irish, Irish, British
Irish
Date format
dd/mm/yyyy (AD)
dd/mm/yyyy
Flag
Union Flag
Tricolour
a.
Northern Ireland has no official language. The use of English has been established through precedent.

Driving in Ireland : The Only Guide You Need Driving in Ireland : The Complete Guide
Driving in Ireland : The Complete Guide
Car Rental Locations in Ireland
What driving licence can I use in Ireland?
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 In Ireland they drive on the left side of the road and the driver’s side is on the right hand drive of the car. While this is common knowledge, it’s easy to get confused, especially on strange roads in a new country. Motorways & National Roads
In the Republic of Ireland, motorways are blue symbol with an “M” - i.e M50 and the national roads are green signs with an “N” - i.e N7). Roads in Northern Ireland's motorways are also blue symbol with an "M". " A"are used for primary and non-primary roads with mileage shown instead of kilometres. Irish motorways or highways should be familiar to visitors but once you get onto the local, more rural roads, you could find them somewhat narrower than expected. Standard, two-way and urban roads are often about two feet narrower than in larger countries, and often have no verge or shoulder for pulling over. It’s not uncommon to find a farmer driving cattle or sheep towards you as you round a bend. The trick is to stay calm and proceed carefully. The locals do drive their roads very quickly, so if traffic starts to build up behind you do not feel pressured to speed up.

Driving in Ireland : The Only Guide You Need

Driving in Ireland : The Complete Guide
Driving in Ireland : The Complete Guide
Car Rental Locations in Ireland
What driving licence can I use in Ireland?
International drivers licence
UK drivers licence
What side of the road to drive in Ireland?
Motorways & National Roads
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Places to drive in Ireland

In Ireland they drive on the left side of the road and the driver’s side is on the right hand drive of the car. While this is common knowledge, it’s easy to get confused, especially on strange roads in a new country. Motorways & National Roads
In the Republic of Ireland, motorways are blue symbol with an “M” - i.e M50 and the national roads are green signs with an “N” - i.e N7). Roads in Northern Ireland's motorways are also blue symbol with an "M". " A"are used for primary and non-primary roads with mileage shown instead of kilometres. Irish motorways or highways should be familiar to visitors but once you get onto the local, more rural roads, you could find them somewhat narrower than expected. Standard, two-way and urban roads are often about two feet narrower than in larger countries, and often have no verge or shoulder for pulling over. It’s not uncommon to find a farmer driving cattle or sheep towards you as you round a bend. The trick is to stay calm and proceed carefully. The locals do drive their roads very quickly, so if traffic starts to build up behind you do not feel pressured to speed up.

Road signs in Ireland - Wikipedia Road signs in Ireland
Road signs in Ireland
Contents
Republic of Ireland
Legal basis
Directional signage
Typefaces and colours
Types of sign available
Destination signing policy
Motorway / high quality dual carriageway signage
Original design
Current signing policy
Future amendments under consideration
Regulatory signs
Warning signs
Roadwork signs
Obsolete signage
Earlier directional signage
Earlier warning signs
Northern Ireland
See also
References
External links
 Destination signing policy
One feature of road signage in the Republic of Ireland, particularly along Dublin's quays, is that some national primary road signage directs drivers generically to destinations such as "The West" and "The South" and "The North". This system, inherited from the UK system, was banned under the 1996 TSM, which mandates the use of the terminal destination and next primary destination of the route instead, but signage was patched with specific destinations only in the early 2000s (decade). While this has been replaced with specific placenames in some cases, it remains in use in other areas. In summer 2006, signage for "North" and "South" was erected in Ashbourne at the start of the new N2 dual carriageway. Nevertheless, generally directional signage on major routes shows major or end destinations. Smaller towns and placenames are shown only on signage nearer to that location. Motorway / high quality dual carriageway signage
Original design
The original design (1983–1989) of Republic of Ireland motorway signage was a simpler version of the UK design. These signs were only ever in use on the M7 Naas Bypass and M1 Airport Motorway and only rare examples are still in situ . From 1989–2005, signage on motorways was nearly identical to that on UK motorways (but see new motorway signage, below); although in the Republic of Ireland, motorway junctions were not always numbered, or the number was not always signposted.

Road signs in Ireland - Wikipedia

Road signs in Ireland
Road signs in Ireland
Contents
Republic of Ireland
Legal basis
Directional signage
Typefaces and colours
Types of sign available
Destination signing policy
Motorway / high quality dual carriageway signage
Original design
Current signing policy
Future amendments under consideration
Regulatory signs
Warning signs
Roadwork signs
Obsolete signage
Earlier directional signage
Earlier warning signs
Northern Ireland
See also
References
External links

Destination signing policy
One feature of road signage in the Republic of Ireland, particularly along Dublin's quays, is that some national primary road signage directs drivers generically to destinations such as "The West" and "The South" and "The North". This system, inherited from the UK system, was banned under the 1996 TSM, which mandates the use of the terminal destination and next primary destination of the route instead, but signage was patched with specific destinations only in the early 2000s (decade). While this has been replaced with specific placenames in some cases, it remains in use in other areas. In summer 2006, signage for "North" and "South" was erected in Ashbourne at the start of the new N2 dual carriageway. Nevertheless, generally directional signage on major routes shows major or end destinations. Smaller towns and placenames are shown only on signage nearer to that location. Motorway / high quality dual carriageway signage
Original design
The original design (1983–1989) of Republic of Ireland motorway signage was a simpler version of the UK design. These signs were only ever in use on the M7 Naas Bypass and M1 Airport Motorway and only rare examples are still in situ . From 1989–2005, signage on motorways was nearly identical to that on UK motorways (but see new motorway signage, below); although in the Republic of Ireland, motorway junctions were not always numbered, or the number was not always signposted.

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The network of lakes, river and canals that make up Irelands Inland Waterways are so variable they p...
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Ulster Canal Phase 2 Development
THE HISTORIC 130KM ROYAL CANAL GREENWAY OFFICIALLY LAUNCHES
New Shannon Tourism Masterplan to transform tourism in Ireland’s Hidden Heartlands and drive rural development
Stories from the Waterways
Ulster Canal Phase 2 Development
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National secondary road - Wikipedia National secondary road
National secondary road
Contents
List of national secondary roads
Defunct routes
Gallery
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References
 National secondary road - Wikipedia
National secondary road
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The N59 on the shore of Kylemore Lough in County Galway
A national secondary road ( Irish: Bóthar Náisiúnta den Dara Grád) is a category of road in Ireland. These roads form an important part of the national route network, but are secondary to the main arterial routes which are classified as national primary roads. National secondary roads are designated with route numbers higher than those used for primary roads, but with the same "N" prefix. Routes N51 and higher are all national secondary roads. National secondary roads have a default speed limit of 100 km/h (62.5 mph) as, along with national primary routes, they fall into the speed limit category of national roads . There are 2657 km of national secondary roads in Ireland, making up slightly over 50% of the entire national route (national primary and national secondary) network. National secondary routes are generally more poorly maintained than primary routes (although their quality can vary widely), but often carry more traffic than regional roads. Almost the entire network of national secondary roads is single carriageway, although there are some short sections of dual carriageway on the Tallaght bypass section of the N81, on the N52 at Dundalk, on the N85 at Ennis, on the N67 between Oranmore and Galway, on the N62 at Athlone, on both the N69 and N70 at Tralee and on the N71 between Cork and Bandon. Typically, national secondary roads are of a similar standard or higher than regional roads although some are of lower quality than the better sections of regional roads.

National secondary road - Wikipedia

National secondary road
National secondary road
Contents
List of national secondary roads
Defunct routes
Gallery
See also
References

National secondary road - Wikipedia
National secondary road
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The N59 on the shore of Kylemore Lough in County Galway
A national secondary road ( Irish: Bóthar Náisiúnta den Dara Grád) is a category of road in Ireland. These roads form an important part of the national route network, but are secondary to the main arterial routes which are classified as national primary roads. National secondary roads are designated with route numbers higher than those used for primary roads, but with the same "N" prefix. Routes N51 and higher are all national secondary roads. National secondary roads have a default speed limit of 100 km/h (62.5 mph) as, along with national primary routes, they fall into the speed limit category of national roads . There are 2657 km of national secondary roads in Ireland, making up slightly over 50% of the entire national route (national primary and national secondary) network. National secondary routes are generally more poorly maintained than primary routes (although their quality can vary widely), but often carry more traffic than regional roads. Almost the entire network of national secondary roads is single carriageway, although there are some short sections of dual carriageway on the Tallaght bypass section of the N81, on the N52 at Dundalk, on the N85 at Ennis, on the N67 between Oranmore and Galway, on the N62 at Athlone, on both the N69 and N70 at Tralee and on the N71 between Cork and Bandon. Typically, national secondary roads are of a similar standard or higher than regional roads although some are of lower quality than the better sections of regional roads.

Ireland vs Northern Ireland - Difference and Comparison | Diffen Ireland vs. Northern Ireland
Ireland vs. Northern Ireland
Comparison chart
 The capital city of the Republic of Ireland is Dublin. The Head of State is the President of Ireland, and executive authority is vested in the Prime Minister (Taoiseach) of Ireland. There are approximately 4.5 million people living in the Republic. Comparison chart
Differences —
Similarities —
Ireland versus Northern Ireland comparison chart

Ireland
Northern Ireland

current rating is 3.77/5
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(123 ratings)
current rating is 3.57/5
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(148 ratings)
Introduction (from Wikipedia)
Ireland (Irish: Éire; Ulster Scots: Airlann) is the third largest island in Europe and the twentieth largest island in the world. It lies to the northwest of Continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. Northern Ireland (Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann or Norlin Airlan) is a part of the United Kingdom in the northeast of the island of Ireland.

Ireland vs Northern Ireland - Difference and Comparison | Diffen

Ireland vs. Northern Ireland
Ireland vs. Northern Ireland
Comparison chart

The capital city of the Republic of Ireland is Dublin. The Head of State is the President of Ireland, and executive authority is vested in the Prime Minister (Taoiseach) of Ireland. There are approximately 4.5 million people living in the Republic. Comparison chart
Differences —
Similarities —
Ireland versus Northern Ireland comparison chart

Ireland
Northern Ireland

current rating is 3.77/5
1
2
3
4
5
(123 ratings)
current rating is 3.57/5
1
2
3
4
5
(148 ratings)
Introduction (from Wikipedia)
Ireland (Irish: Éire; Ulster Scots: Airlann) is the third largest island in Europe and the twentieth largest island in the world. It lies to the northwest of Continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. Northern Ireland (Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann or Norlin Airlan) is a part of the United Kingdom in the northeast of the island of Ireland.

Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
Regulation
Infrastructure
Telephone system
History
Internet
Radio and television
Infrastructure
See also
References
External links
 SIRO, a joint venture between ESB Group and Vodafone Ireland, provides another open access fibre to home network, used by multiple ISPs to deliver service. Fibre is run alongside ESB Networks 230V/400V LV electricity distribution system, sharing underground ducts and poles, with fibre typically entering premises next to the electricity meter. This, similar to Eir's FTTH network, delivers speeds of up to 1 Gbit/s and is capable of delivery of 10 Gbit/s in the future. Ireland has three mobile networks that own and operate their own network infrastructure and a number of MVNO operators that operate mobile phone services using one of these infrastructure providers' radio networks. The three infrastructure owning networks are Eir Mobile, Three, and Vodafone . Meteor and Eir Mobile were the first to launch 4G LTE services in Ireland on 26 September 2013, followed by Vodafone on 14 October 2013, and Three on 27 January 2014. O2 was due to launch its 4G services later in 2014, but plans were put on hold when its acquisition by Three was approved in May, and from the time of the merger in 2015, previous O2 customers gained 4G coverage through Three's network, albeit with initial service problems. In 2016, 41.9% of Ireland's mobile subscriptions were using 4G technology. 3G remained the dominant technology with 44.6% share, however, it is likely to be overtaken by 4G in 2017. Telephone system
See also:

Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia

Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
Regulation
Infrastructure
Telephone system
History
Internet
Radio and television
Infrastructure
See also
References
External links

SIRO, a joint venture between ESB Group and Vodafone Ireland, provides another open access fibre to home network, used by multiple ISPs to deliver service. Fibre is run alongside ESB Networks 230V/400V LV electricity distribution system, sharing underground ducts and poles, with fibre typically entering premises next to the electricity meter. This, similar to Eir's FTTH network, delivers speeds of up to 1 Gbit/s and is capable of delivery of 10 Gbit/s in the future. Ireland has three mobile networks that own and operate their own network infrastructure and a number of MVNO operators that operate mobile phone services using one of these infrastructure providers' radio networks. The three infrastructure owning networks are Eir Mobile, Three, and Vodafone . Meteor and Eir Mobile were the first to launch 4G LTE services in Ireland on 26 September 2013, followed by Vodafone on 14 October 2013, and Three on 27 January 2014. O2 was due to launch its 4G services later in 2014, but plans were put on hold when its acquisition by Three was approved in May, and from the time of the merger in 2015, previous O2 customers gained 4G coverage through Three's network, albeit with initial service problems. In 2016, 41.9% of Ireland's mobile subscriptions were using 4G technology. 3G remained the dominant technology with 44.6% share, however, it is likely to be overtaken by 4G in 2017. Telephone system
See also:

FAQs - Discover Northern Ireland FAQs
FAQs
What you need to know about visiting Northern Ireland
What is the latest travel and holiday advice?
Do I need to wear a face covering?
Who should I contact with regards to amending or cancelling my booking due to COVID-19?
Which local businesses are open in Northern Ireland?
What currency does Northern Ireland use?
Will I be able to use Euro in Northern Ireland?
What is the best time of the year to come to Northern Ireland?
What is the climate in Northern Ireland?
Is it safe to visit Northern Ireland?
Is it easy to travel to Northern Ireland?
What are the Passport and Visa requirements for entry?
Are we required to tip in restaurants?
Is Northern Ireland a good place for shopping?
Can visitors to Northern Ireland avail of tax free shopping?
Are there left luggage facilities in Belfast?
What are the useful telephone codes?
Electrical current
What happens if I require medical treatment?
Do I need extra car insurance if I bring my car to Northern Ireland?
Do I need a licence to drive a hire cruiser?
Can I bring my dog to Northern Ireland?
 www.ehic.org.uk
Do I need extra car insurance if I bring my car to Northern Ireland? Additional insurance is not required if travelling from Britain or the Republic of Ireland. Travellers from other countries should check with their insurance companies. Remember to drive on the left hand side of the road. More information on driving in Northern Ireland can be found here. After 31st January 2020 when driving a vehicle, visitors may have to bring an international insurance document called a Green Card to travel between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Please check with your insurance provider. Do I need a licence to drive a hire cruiser? No, basic training is given on arrival with your chosen hire company. Can I bring my dog to Northern Ireland?

FAQs - Discover Northern Ireland

FAQs
FAQs
What you need to know about visiting Northern Ireland
What is the latest travel and holiday advice?
Do I need to wear a face covering?
Who should I contact with regards to amending or cancelling my booking due to COVID-19?
Which local businesses are open in Northern Ireland?
What currency does Northern Ireland use?
Will I be able to use Euro in Northern Ireland?
What is the best time of the year to come to Northern Ireland?
What is the climate in Northern Ireland?
Is it safe to visit Northern Ireland?
Is it easy to travel to Northern Ireland?
What are the Passport and Visa requirements for entry?
Are we required to tip in restaurants?
Is Northern Ireland a good place for shopping?
Can visitors to Northern Ireland avail of tax free shopping?
Are there left luggage facilities in Belfast?
What are the useful telephone codes?
Electrical current
What happens if I require medical treatment?
Do I need extra car insurance if I bring my car to Northern Ireland?
Do I need a licence to drive a hire cruiser?
Can I bring my dog to Northern Ireland?

www.ehic.org.uk
Do I need extra car insurance if I bring my car to Northern Ireland? Additional insurance is not required if travelling from Britain or the Republic of Ireland. Travellers from other countries should check with their insurance companies. Remember to drive on the left hand side of the road. More information on driving in Northern Ireland can be found here. After 31st January 2020 when driving a vehicle, visitors may have to bring an international insurance document called a Green Card to travel between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. Please check with your insurance provider. Do I need a licence to drive a hire cruiser? No, basic training is given on arrival with your chosen hire company. Can I bring my dog to Northern Ireland?

What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland? - WorldAtlas What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland?
What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland?
Demographics
Geography
Religion
Economy
Demonym
International Relations
Governance
The Partitioning of Ireland
 Religion plays a critical role in many facets of the island’s culture and politics. Economy
The Euro is used in the Republic of Ireland as the country’s official currency, after adopting the currency in 2002. The country is rich in fossil fuels, having some of the largest oil and natural gas deposits in Europe. The Republic has also invested heavily in renewable energy and has set up wind power stations with the capacity of producing 3000 MW for domestic use as well as for export. Northern Ireland uses the Sterling Pound as its official currency. The service industry is the primary economic driver in Northern Ireland, accounting for about 70% of the country’s revenue. Dublin Airport in the Republic of Ireland is the largest and busiest airports in the country. Unlike Northern Ireland, which does not have a national carrier, the Republic of Ireland has Aer Lingus as its flag carrier. Demonym
The demonym associated with people who reside in the Republic of Ireland is Irish. On the other hand, residents of Northern Ireland have divergent preferences on their desired demonym.

What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland? - WorldAtlas

What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland?
What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland?
Demographics
Geography
Religion
Economy
Demonym
International Relations
Governance
The Partitioning of Ireland

Religion plays a critical role in many facets of the island’s culture and politics. Economy
The Euro is used in the Republic of Ireland as the country’s official currency, after adopting the currency in 2002. The country is rich in fossil fuels, having some of the largest oil and natural gas deposits in Europe. The Republic has also invested heavily in renewable energy and has set up wind power stations with the capacity of producing 3000 MW for domestic use as well as for export. Northern Ireland uses the Sterling Pound as its official currency. The service industry is the primary economic driver in Northern Ireland, accounting for about 70% of the country’s revenue. Dublin Airport in the Republic of Ireland is the largest and busiest airports in the country. Unlike Northern Ireland, which does not have a national carrier, the Republic of Ireland has Aer Lingus as its flag carrier. Demonym
The demonym associated with people who reside in the Republic of Ireland is Irish. On the other hand, residents of Northern Ireland have divergent preferences on their desired demonym.

Best Small Luxury Cruises to Ireland for 2021-2022 Ireland Luxury Cruises
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On a cruise to Ireland, you'll get to know true Irish culture, and see the highlights of the Emerald Isle. Sail to the Aran Islands, where authentic Gaelic language and culture are not only preserved but still alive! Explore the ghostly archaeological sites of Dingle in the Skellig Islands or stop into one of the many pubs for a draught of Ireland's famous beer or whisky. In Belfast, Northern Ireland, you will see the birthplace of the fated Titanic. See the Giant's Causeway, where Irish myth holds that these interlocking stones were left when giant Fionn macCumhaill built a stone path across to Scotland to fight a Scottish giant. From Dublin, you can visit the 6th century monastic ruins in nearby Glendalough or tour the beautiful capital city itself. Contact one of our Irish cruise specialists for help planning your trip to Ireland today.

Best Small Luxury Cruises to Ireland for 2021-2022

Ireland Luxury Cruises
Ireland Luxury Cruises
Talk with an expert
10 Best Cruises to Ireland for 2021-2022
Cruise Deals for Ireland
Ireland Travel Deals
Luxury Ireland Cruises
Luxury Ships & Yachts Cruising Ireland
Ireland Travel Guide & Cruise Tips
Top Ireland Travel Destinations
Ireland Trips by Departure Date
Ireland Trips by Duration

Complete this form with as much detail as possible to help us get started. Plan My Trip
We Make Travel Easy
1.800.344.6118 Live Chat
Kevin M
Contact
We Make Travel Easy
1.800.344.6118
1.406.541.2677
Live Chat Online Form
Address
712 W Spruce St, Ste 1,
Missoula, MT 59802 usa
Hours
Mon-Fri 8:30 am - 5:30 pm MST
Get inspired by Nik & Dusty's world-wide adventures! Search
Ireland Luxury Cruises
Travel made your way ™
Ireland
Cruises
Ships
Deals
Talk with an expert
Customize any aspect of your Ireland trip. 1.406.541.2677
Help Me Plan My Trip
Talk with an expert Ask a Question
On a cruise to Ireland, you'll get to know true Irish culture, and see the highlights of the Emerald Isle. Sail to the Aran Islands, where authentic Gaelic language and culture are not only preserved but still alive! Explore the ghostly archaeological sites of Dingle in the Skellig Islands or stop into one of the many pubs for a draught of Ireland's famous beer or whisky. In Belfast, Northern Ireland, you will see the birthplace of the fated Titanic. See the Giant's Causeway, where Irish myth holds that these interlocking stones were left when giant Fionn macCumhaill built a stone path across to Scotland to fight a Scottish giant. From Dublin, you can visit the 6th century monastic ruins in nearby Glendalough or tour the beautiful capital city itself. Contact one of our Irish cruise specialists for help planning your trip to Ireland today.

Ireland - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Ireland
Ireland
Contents
Countries
Facts
Provinces and counties
Main cities
History
Migration
Sports
References
 Ireland - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ireland
From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This article is about the island of Ireland. For other uses, see Ireland (disambiguation). Topographical map of Ireland
Ireland on a map of Europe
Ireland ( / ˈaɪərlənd / ( listen); Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] ( listen); Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic. It is about 486 kilometres (302 miles) long and about 288 kilometres (179 miles) wide. To the west of Ireland is the Atlantic Ocean; to the east of Ireland, across the Irish Sea, is the island of Great Britain.

Ireland - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ireland
Ireland
Contents
Countries
Facts
Provinces and counties
Main cities
History
Migration
Sports
References

Ireland - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ireland
From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This article is about the island of Ireland. For other uses, see Ireland (disambiguation). Topographical map of Ireland
Ireland on a map of Europe
Ireland ( / ˈaɪərlənd / ( listen); Irish: Éire [ˈeːɾʲə] ( listen); Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic. It is about 486 kilometres (302 miles) long and about 288 kilometres (179 miles) wide. To the west of Ireland is the Atlantic Ocean; to the east of Ireland, across the Irish Sea, is the island of Great Britain.

Tourism Ireland - Wikipedia Tourism Ireland
Tourism Ireland
See also
References
External links
 Tourism Ireland - Wikipedia
Tourism Ireland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Tourism Ireland
Public Body overview
Formed
1999
Jurisdiction
Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland
Headquarters
Dublin, Republic of Ireland & Coleraine, Northern Ireland
Public Body executive
Niall Gibbons (CEO)
Website
www .tourismireland .com
Tourism Ireland ( Irish: Turasóireacht Éireann; Ulster-Scots: Tourism Airlan or Reengin Airlann) is the marketing body responsible for marketing the island of Ireland overseas. Tourism Ireland was established as one of "six areas of co-operation" under the framework of the 1998 Belfast Agreement . Tourism Ireland operates under the auspices of the North South Ministerial Council through the Department for the Economy in Northern Ireland and the Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media in the Republic of Ireland. Tourism Ireland’s Board of Directors is appointed by the North South Ministerial Council and represents tourism industry interests on the island of Ireland. The current Directors' terms expire in December 2021. Tourism Ireland's headquarters are located in Dublin and Coleraine, and also has 15 offices across Europe, North America, the Middle East, China and Australia, as well as having representatives in India and New Zealand. The island of Ireland (which includes both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland) received 8 million visitors during 2015, a 14% growth over the 2014.

Tourism Ireland - Wikipedia

Tourism Ireland
Tourism Ireland
See also
References
External links

Tourism Ireland - Wikipedia
Tourism Ireland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Tourism Ireland
Public Body overview
Formed
1999
Jurisdiction
Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland
Headquarters
Dublin, Republic of Ireland & Coleraine, Northern Ireland
Public Body executive
Niall Gibbons (CEO)
Website
www .tourismireland .com
Tourism Ireland ( Irish: Turasóireacht Éireann; Ulster-Scots: Tourism Airlan or Reengin Airlann) is the marketing body responsible for marketing the island of Ireland overseas. Tourism Ireland was established as one of "six areas of co-operation" under the framework of the 1998 Belfast Agreement . Tourism Ireland operates under the auspices of the North South Ministerial Council through the Department for the Economy in Northern Ireland and the Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media in the Republic of Ireland. Tourism Ireland’s Board of Directors is appointed by the North South Ministerial Council and represents tourism industry interests on the island of Ireland. The current Directors' terms expire in December 2021. Tourism Ireland's headquarters are located in Dublin and Coleraine, and also has 15 offices across Europe, North America, the Middle East, China and Australia, as well as having representatives in India and New Zealand. The island of Ireland (which includes both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland) received 8 million visitors during 2015, a 14% growth over the 2014.

List of flags of Ireland - Wikipedia List of flags of Ireland
List of flags of Ireland
Contents
Island of Ireland
Northern Ireland
Republic of Ireland
Defence Forces flags
Naval Service
Air Corps
Army
Defence Force Training Centre (DFTC)
Coast Guard
Provincial flags
County flags
City and town flags
Sporting flags
Ensigns
Historical military flags
University flags
Organisations
Political flags
Religious flags
Former national flag proposals
See also
References
External links
 Defence Forces flags
Naval Service
Flag
Date
Use
Description

1947–present
The Irish Naval Jack was adopted in 1947 after the establishment of the Naval Service (Ireland) ( an tSeirbhís Chabhlaigh) in 1946. It is flown at the bow and used to represent Ireland along with the Naval Ensign. The Naval Jack is flown "by Irish Naval Ships at the Jack staff when at anchor, moored, alongside or when under way and dressed with Masthead Ensigns. It is hoisted and half masted at the same time and in like manner as the Naval Ensign." The naval jack of the Naval Service of Ireland features a green field with a gold harp with 14 diagonal golden strings. 1996–present
Naval Service Colour Flag
Double-sided square banner. The primary colour is navy blue on both sides. The obverse side carries the Defence Forces badge at the centre superimposed over a pair of crossed silver foul anchors. The colour is bordered by a two-inch wide gold fringe Naval Service . 1996–present
Naval Service Colour Flag
Double-sided square banner.

List of flags of Ireland - Wikipedia

List of flags of Ireland
List of flags of Ireland
Contents
Island of Ireland
Northern Ireland
Republic of Ireland
Defence Forces flags
Naval Service
Air Corps
Army
Defence Force Training Centre (DFTC)
Coast Guard
Provincial flags
County flags
City and town flags
Sporting flags
Ensigns
Historical military flags
University flags
Organisations
Political flags
Religious flags
Former national flag proposals
See also
References
External links

Defence Forces flags
Naval Service
Flag
Date
Use
Description

1947–present
The Irish Naval Jack was adopted in 1947 after the establishment of the Naval Service (Ireland) ( an tSeirbhís Chabhlaigh) in 1946. It is flown at the bow and used to represent Ireland along with the Naval Ensign. The Naval Jack is flown "by Irish Naval Ships at the Jack staff when at anchor, moored, alongside or when under way and dressed with Masthead Ensigns. It is hoisted and half masted at the same time and in like manner as the Naval Ensign." The naval jack of the Naval Service of Ireland features a green field with a gold harp with 14 diagonal golden strings. 1996–present
Naval Service Colour Flag
Double-sided square banner. The primary colour is navy blue on both sides. The obverse side carries the Defence Forces badge at the centre superimposed over a pair of crossed silver foul anchors. The colour is bordered by a two-inch wide gold fringe Naval Service . 1996–present
Naval Service Colour Flag
Double-sided square banner.

Television in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia Television in the Republic of Ireland
Television in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
History
Regulation
Digital terrestrial television
Historical testing
Disability organisations and the switchover
Multiplex licensing process
Cross-border partnership
Mobile terrestrial television
Cable
Satellite
Streaming
Other technologies
DVB-H
Deflectors (UHF television programme retransmission)
Television licence
Most-viewed channels (IRL)
See also
References
External links
 Television in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia
Television in the Republic of Ireland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Overview of television in the Republic of Ireland
Television in the Republic of Ireland is available through a variety of platforms. The digital terrestrial television service is known as Saorview and is the primary source of broadcast television since analogue transmissions ended on 24 October 2012. Digital satellite (from Sky Ireland, Saorsat and other European satellite service providers are available) and digital cable (from Virgin Media Ireland) are also widely used. The Irish satellite fill-in service ( Saorsat) is via Ka-Sat using the Irish K A band spot and has been available since June 2011. While many people receive their television via Saorview, which is broadcast by 2RN, more than half subscribe to multichannel television networks. The biggest single multichannel television network in Ireland is Sky Ireland, which broadcasts digital satellite television services. Virgin Media Ireland, Vodafone TV and Eir among others, provide similar digital television services to Irish viewers. Contents
1 History
2 Regulation
3 Digital terrestrial television
3.1 Historical testing
3.2 Disability organisations and the switchover
3.3 Multiplex licensing process
3.4 Cross-border partnership
4 Mobile terrestrial television
5 Cable
6 Satellite
7 Streaming
8 Other technologies
9 Deflectors (UHF television programme retransmission)
10 Television licence
11 Most-viewed channels (IRL)
12 See also
13 References
14 External links
History

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Television in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia

Television in the Republic of Ireland
Television in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
History
Regulation
Digital terrestrial television
Historical testing
Disability organisations and the switchover
Multiplex licensing process
Cross-border partnership
Mobile terrestrial television
Cable
Satellite
Streaming
Other technologies
DVB-H
Deflectors (UHF television programme retransmission)
Television licence
Most-viewed channels (IRL)
See also
References
External links

Rail transport in Ireland - Wikipedia Rail transport in Ireland
Rail transport in Ireland
Contents
History
Rolling stock
Locomotives
Multiple units
Iarnród Éireann railcars
Iarnród Éireann commuter railcars
NIR railcars
Coaching stock
Mark 4 carriages
Enterprise services
Previous stock
Passenger services
Republic of Ireland InterCity routes
Dublin to Cork
Dublin to Limerick
Dublin to Galway
Dublin to Tralee
Dublin to Waterford
Dublin to Westport/Ballina
Dublin to Gorey/Rosslare Europort
Dublin to Sligo
Cork to Tralee
Limerick to Waterford
Limerick–Ennis–Galway
Republic of Ireland commuter routes
Dublin Suburban Rail
Mallow to Cork
Cóbh to Cork
Midleton to Cork
Galway to Athenry
Limerick to Ennis
Limerick to Nenagh and Ballybrophy
Waterford to Rosslare (closed)
Northern Ireland routes
Belfast suburban
Belfast to Derry
Coleraine to Portrush
Belfast to Larne Harbour
Cross-border routes
Belfast–Dublin and Dublin–Belfast
Freight
Rail interest groups and museums
Heritage rail operators
Heritage rail bodies
Heritage railways
Interest and record groups
Museums
Rail stock as premises
Former heritage railways and interest groups
Heritage railways
Other organisations
Planned and potential developments
Routes
Western Rail Corridor
Heavy rail to Navan
DART and DART Underground
Foynes Port
Dublin Metro
Luas
Northern Ireland Railways
West Clare Railway
HSL Ireland
Station changes
Rolling stock
See also
References
External links
 They were again supplied by General Motors Electro-Motive Division. IÉ designated their locomotives the GM 201 class; numbered 201 to 234 (the NIR locomotives were later prefixed with an 8). These locomotives are the most powerful diesels to run in Ireland, and are of 3200 horsepower (2.5 MW), which enabled further acceleration of express services. The NIR locomotives, although shipped in NIR livery, were repainted in 'Enterprise' livery, as were six of the IÉ locomotives. The 071 class are now used on freight services. NIR's three similar locomotives are numbered 111, 112 and 113. There is seldom more than one of these serviceable at a time. Multiple units
Main article: Multiple Units of Ireland
NIR and IÉ both run suburban services using diesel multiple units (DMUs) – these are termed railcars in Ireland (see rail terminology ).

Rail transport in Ireland - Wikipedia

Rail transport in Ireland
Rail transport in Ireland
Contents
History
Rolling stock
Locomotives
Multiple units
Iarnród Éireann railcars
Iarnród Éireann commuter railcars
NIR railcars
Coaching stock
Mark 4 carriages
Enterprise services
Previous stock
Passenger services
Republic of Ireland InterCity routes
Dublin to Cork
Dublin to Limerick
Dublin to Galway
Dublin to Tralee
Dublin to Waterford
Dublin to Westport/Ballina
Dublin to Gorey/Rosslare Europort
Dublin to Sligo
Cork to Tralee
Limerick to Waterford
Limerick–Ennis–Galway
Republic of Ireland commuter routes
Dublin Suburban Rail
Mallow to Cork
Cóbh to Cork
Midleton to Cork
Galway to Athenry
Limerick to Ennis
Limerick to Nenagh and Ballybrophy
Waterford to Rosslare (closed)
Northern Ireland routes
Belfast suburban
Belfast to Derry
Coleraine to Portrush
Belfast to Larne Harbour
Cross-border routes
Belfast–Dublin and Dublin–Belfast
Freight
Rail interest groups and museums
Heritage rail operators
Heritage rail bodies
Heritage railways
Interest and record groups
Museums
Rail stock as premises
Former heritage railways and interest groups
Heritage railways
Other organisations
Planned and potential developments
Routes
Western Rail Corridor
Heavy rail to Navan
DART and DART Underground
Foynes Port
Dublin Metro
Luas
Northern Ireland Railways
West Clare Railway
HSL Ireland
Station changes
Rolling stock
See also
References
External links

They were again supplied by General Motors Electro-Motive Division. IÉ designated their locomotives the GM 201 class; numbered 201 to 234 (the NIR locomotives were later prefixed with an 8). These locomotives are the most powerful diesels to run in Ireland, and are of 3200 horsepower (2.5 MW), which enabled further acceleration of express services. The NIR locomotives, although shipped in NIR livery, were repainted in 'Enterprise' livery, as were six of the IÉ locomotives. The 071 class are now used on freight services. NIR's three similar locomotives are numbered 111, 112 and 113. There is seldom more than one of these serviceable at a time. Multiple units
Main article: Multiple Units of Ireland
NIR and IÉ both run suburban services using diesel multiple units (DMUs) – these are termed railcars in Ireland (see rail terminology ).

National secondary road - Wikipedia National secondary road
National secondary road
Contents
List of national secondary roads
Defunct routes
Gallery
See also
References
 Gort - Loughrea route prior to its redesignation as the R380 Regional road. N79 road – Defunct route designation. Enniscorthy – New Ross route prior to its redesignation as the N30 National primary road. Gallery
N69, Tralee Bypass, County Kerry
N62, County Tipperary
N72, near Mallow, County Cork
N73, Kildorrery, County Cork
N76, Killamery, County Kilkenny
Signpost at N80, Portlaoise
N81 at its junction with the R412 in County Wicklow
See also
Roads in Ireland
Motorways in the Republic of Ireland
National primary road
Regional road
Local Roads in Ireland
Atlantic Corridor
Dublin Port Tunnel
Jack Lynch Tunnel
History of Roads in Ireland
Trunk Roads in Ireland
Transport Infrastructure Ireland
Road signs in the Republic of Ireland
Road speed limits in the Republic of Ireland
Vehicle registration plates of Ireland
Northern Irish Vehicle Registration Plates
Transport in Ireland
List of Ireland-related topics
References
^ [1] TII: National Route Lengths 2013
S.I. No. 209/1994: Roads Act, 1993 (Declaration of National Roads) Order, 1994
Roads Act 1993 (Classification of National Roads) Order 2006 – Department o

National secondary road - Wikipedia

Gort - Loughrea route prior to its redesignation as the R380 Regional road. N79 road – Defunct route designation. Enniscorthy – New Ross route prior to its redesignation as the N30 National primary road. Gallery
N69, Tralee Bypass, County Kerry
N62, County Tipperary
N72, near Mallow, County Cork
N73, Kildorrery, County Cork
N76, Killamery, County Kilkenny
Signpost at N80, Portlaoise
N81 at its junction with the R412 in County Wicklow
See also
Roads in Ireland
Motorways in the Republic of Ireland
National primary road
Regional road
Local Roads in Ireland
Atlantic Corridor
Dublin Port Tunnel
Jack Lynch Tunnel
History of Roads in Ireland
Trunk Roads in Ireland
Transport Infrastructure Ireland
Road signs in the Republic of Ireland
Road speed limits in the Republic of Ireland
Vehicle registration plates of Ireland
Northern Irish Vehicle Registration Plates
Transport in Ireland
List of Ireland-related topics
References
^ [1] TII: National Route Lengths 2013
S.I. No. 209/1994: Roads Act, 1993 (Declaration of National Roads) Order, 1994
Roads Act 1993 (Classification of National Roads) Order 2006 – Department o

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Contents
History
Roads in the Republic of Ireland
Motorways
Planned motorways
National primary roads
National secondary roads
Alternative National roads
Regional roads
Local roads
Old system
Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
Roads in Northern Ireland
European routes
See also
References
External links
 The present system of road classification and numbering began in 1977 when twenty-five National primary roads and thirty-three National secondary roads were designated. Regional roads were first formally designated in 1994, although Regional road route-numbers began appearing on signposts in the 1980s. The Roads Act 1993 also classified all public roads which are not national or regional roads as local roads . Roads in the Republic of Ireland
A directional road sign in the Republic of Ireland
County Laois. The Republic has an extensive network of public roads connecting all parts of the country. As of 31 December 2013, there was a total of 7,959.309 km (4945 miles) of national roads: of which 5,305.56 km (3297 miles) were national primary routes (including motorways) and 2,653.749 km (1649 miles) were national secondary routes. By May 2018 Network Lengths were as follows. National Primary Roads (including motorways) 2,717 km (1689 miles)
National Secondary Roads 2,696 km (1675 miles)
Total National Road N (and M) Network 5,413 km (3363 miles)
In addition to national roads, the Republic also has an extensive network of other public roads: there are:

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia

Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Contents
History
Roads in the Republic of Ireland
Motorways
Planned motorways
National primary roads
National secondary roads
Alternative National roads
Regional roads
Local roads
Old system
Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
Roads in Northern Ireland
European routes
See also
References
External links

The present system of road classification and numbering began in 1977 when twenty-five National primary roads and thirty-three National secondary roads were designated. Regional roads were first formally designated in 1994, although Regional road route-numbers began appearing on signposts in the 1980s. The Roads Act 1993 also classified all public roads which are not national or regional roads as local roads . Roads in the Republic of Ireland
A directional road sign in the Republic of Ireland
County Laois. The Republic has an extensive network of public roads connecting all parts of the country. As of 31 December 2013, there was a total of 7,959.309 km (4945 miles) of national roads: of which 5,305.56 km (3297 miles) were national primary routes (including motorways) and 2,653.749 km (1649 miles) were national secondary routes. By May 2018 Network Lengths were as follows. National Primary Roads (including motorways) 2,717 km (1689 miles)
National Secondary Roads 2,696 km (1675 miles)
Total National Road N (and M) Network 5,413 km (3363 miles)
In addition to national roads, the Republic also has an extensive network of other public roads: there are:

iPad navigation apps tested – Yachting World iPad navigation apps tested: Pip Hare reviews 7 chartplotting apps
iPad navigation apps tested: Pip Hare reviews 7 chartplotting apps
Top rated iPad navigation apps – read individual reviews below
The perfect iPad navigation app doesn’t yet exist but…
Crowd-sourced data
Top tips for setting up and using your iPad navigation device
Ports of refuge
Satellite image layers
Check units: Lat and Long
Range rings
Velocity vector
Chart updates
If you enjoyed this….
 With the recent integration of wi-fi NMEA data to the mix, tablet navigation systems have found a permanent place in our arsenal of instruments. I have selected seven of the best boating apps specifically focussing on new updates and innovative developments, but also with my eye on what our basic requirements for a good navigational app should be. Tests were carried out inshore, offshore, creek hopping, racing and just sitting at home on my sofa using an iPad 2 and an ASUS model P023 running Android 5.0.2. Top rated iPad navigation apps – read individual reviews below
Navionics and Navionics+ are a great duo – best on test. iNavX is good enough to replace on on-deck chartplotter. MaxSea TimeZero is brilliant if you want to use raster charts. Transas iSailor does everything, but it all costs extra. SeaNav UK & Ireland offers a unique ‘augmented reality’ view using Internet AIS. Garmin BlueChart Mobile good for planning, but only shares with Garmin hardware. iBoating is surprisingly versatile, but was the least expensive on test – and it showed.

iPad navigation apps tested – Yachting World

iPad navigation apps tested: Pip Hare reviews 7 chartplotting apps
iPad navigation apps tested: Pip Hare reviews 7 chartplotting apps
Top rated iPad navigation apps – read individual reviews below
The perfect iPad navigation app doesn’t yet exist but…
Crowd-sourced data
Top tips for setting up and using your iPad navigation device
Ports of refuge
Satellite image layers
Check units: Lat and Long
Range rings
Velocity vector
Chart updates
If you enjoyed this….

With the recent integration of wi-fi NMEA data to the mix, tablet navigation systems have found a permanent place in our arsenal of instruments. I have selected seven of the best boating apps specifically focussing on new updates and innovative developments, but also with my eye on what our basic requirements for a good navigational app should be. Tests were carried out inshore, offshore, creek hopping, racing and just sitting at home on my sofa using an iPad 2 and an ASUS model P023 running Android 5.0.2. Top rated iPad navigation apps – read individual reviews below
Navionics and Navionics+ are a great duo – best on test. iNavX is good enough to replace on on-deck chartplotter. MaxSea TimeZero is brilliant if you want to use raster charts. Transas iSailor does everything, but it all costs extra. SeaNav UK & Ireland offers a unique ‘augmented reality’ view using Internet AIS. Garmin BlueChart Mobile good for planning, but only shares with Garmin hardware. iBoating is surprisingly versatile, but was the least expensive on test – and it showed.

Road signs in Ireland - Wikipedia Road signs in Ireland
Road signs in Ireland
Contents
Republic of Ireland
Legal basis
Directional signage
Typefaces and colours
Types of sign available
Destination signing policy
Motorway / high quality dual carriageway signage
Original design
Current signing policy
Future amendments under consideration
Regulatory signs
Warning signs
Roadwork signs
Obsolete signage
Earlier directional signage
Earlier warning signs
Northern Ireland
See also
References
External links
 Here, a fingerpost with old road number and Bord Fáilte logo. Signpost located in Rathangan, Co. Kildare. Old Yield sign in Culdaff, Inishowen. Road signs in Ireland do not differ greatly from those used elsewhere in Europe, but there are some differences between those used in the Republic of Ireland and those used in Northern Ireland, including different systems of units used in each jurisdiction. Contents
1 Republic of Ireland
1.1 Legal basis
1.2 Directional signage
1.2.1 Typefaces and colours
1.2.2 Types of sign available
1.2.3 Destination signing policy
1.2.4 Motorway / high quality dual carriageway signage
1.2.4.1 Original design
1.2.4.2 2005-2007
1.2.4.3 Current signing policy
1.2.4.4 Future amendments under consideration
1.3 Regulatory signs
1.4 Warning signs
1.4.1 Roadwork signs
1.5 Obsolete signage
1.5.1 Earlier directional signage
1.5.2 Earlier warning signs
2 Northern Ireland
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Republic of Ireland
Road signs in the Republic of Ireland do not differ greatly from those used elsewhere in Europe – with the notable exception that hazard or warning signs follow the "New World" model that is employed, notably, in the Americas, Australasia, and Japan: that is to say that they feature a black symbol on the background of a yellow diamond. The symbols used on these warning signs do, nevertheless, resemble much more closely those used (on red-bordered white or yellow triangles) in the rest of Europe than many of those seen in the United States. Regulatory signage (relating to limits and prohibitions) differs very little from that used in the rest of Europe. The system of directional signs is based upon, and is very similar to, that employed in the United Kingdom, but is bilingual everywhere except in the Gaeltacht, where only the Irish language is used on signs. All distances (and other measurements) are expressed in metric units.

Road signs in Ireland - Wikipedia

FAQs - Discover Northern Ireland FAQs
FAQs
What you need to know about visiting Northern Ireland
What is the latest travel and holiday advice?
Do I need to wear a face covering?
Who should I contact with regards to amending or cancelling my booking due to COVID-19?
Which local businesses are open in Northern Ireland?
What currency does Northern Ireland use?
Will I be able to use Euro in Northern Ireland?
What is the best time of the year to come to Northern Ireland?
What is the climate in Northern Ireland?
Is it safe to visit Northern Ireland?
Is it easy to travel to Northern Ireland?
What are the Passport and Visa requirements for entry?
Are we required to tip in restaurants?
Is Northern Ireland a good place for shopping?
Can visitors to Northern Ireland avail of tax free shopping?
Are there left luggage facilities in Belfast?
What are the useful telephone codes?
Electrical current
What happens if I require medical treatment?
Do I need extra car insurance if I bring my car to Northern Ireland?
Do I need a licence to drive a hire cruiser?
Can I bring my dog to Northern Ireland?
 Telephone for further details (028) 9024 6609. What are the useful telephone codes? To call Northern Ireland from abroad, dial 00 44 + area code (without 0) + local number. To call Northern Ireland from the Republic of Ireland, dial 048 + area code (without 0) + local number. To call Northern Ireland from elsewhere in UK or to make an internal call, dial area code (with 0) + local number. To call the Republic from Northern Ireland, dial 00 353 + the area code (without 0) + local number. Electrical current
The standard electricity supply in Northern Ireland is 240 volts. Visitors from some countries may require a transformer and a plug adaptor. A plug adaptor is necessary for visitors to convert 2-pin plugs to the standard 3-pin plugs and can be bought at any electrical supplier. What happens if I require medical treatment?

FAQs - Discover Northern Ireland

Telephone for further details (028) 9024 6609. What are the useful telephone codes? To call Northern Ireland from abroad, dial 00 44 + area code (without 0) + local number. To call Northern Ireland from the Republic of Ireland, dial 048 + area code (without 0) + local number. To call Northern Ireland from elsewhere in UK or to make an internal call, dial area code (with 0) + local number. To call the Republic from Northern Ireland, dial 00 353 + the area code (without 0) + local number. Electrical current
The standard electricity supply in Northern Ireland is 240 volts. Visitors from some countries may require a transformer and a plug adaptor. A plug adaptor is necessary for visitors to convert 2-pin plugs to the standard 3-pin plugs and can be bought at any electrical supplier. What happens if I require medical treatment?

Driving in Ireland : The Only Guide You Need Driving in Ireland : The Complete Guide
Driving in Ireland : The Complete Guide
Car Rental Locations in Ireland
What driving licence can I use in Ireland?
International drivers licence
UK drivers licence
What side of the road to drive in Ireland?
Motorways & National Roads
Driving rules
Rental car transmission
Places to drive in Ireland
 US Citizens can use their driving licence in Ireland. UK drivers licence
As of June 8th 2015, DVLA announced the UK paper counterpart of the driving licence is no longer valid. Irish car rental companies require all UK licence holders to present a ‘check code’ before the rental can be released; the ‘check code’ will be valid for 21 days. What side of the road to drive in Ireland? In Ireland they drive on the left side of the road and the driver’s side is on the right hand drive of the car. While this is common knowledge, it’s easy to get confused, especially on strange roads in a new country. Motorways & National Roads
In the Republic of Ireland, motorways are blue symbol with an “M” - i.e M50 and the national roads are green signs with an “N” - i.e N7). Roads in Northern Ireland's motorways are also blue symbol with an "M". " A"are used for primary and non-primary roads with mileage shown instead of kilometres.

US Citizens can use their driving licence in Ireland. UK drivers licence
As of June 8th 2015, DVLA announced the UK paper counterpart of the driving licence is no longer valid. Irish car rental companies require all UK licence holders to present a ‘check code’ before the rental can be released; the ‘check code’ will be valid for 21 days. What side of the road to drive in Ireland? In Ireland they drive on the left side of the road and the driver’s side is on the right hand drive of the car. While this is common knowledge, it’s easy to get confused, especially on strange roads in a new country. Motorways & National Roads
In the Republic of Ireland, motorways are blue symbol with an “M” - i.e M50 and the national roads are green signs with an “N” - i.e N7). Roads in Northern Ireland's motorways are also blue symbol with an "M". " A"are used for primary and non-primary roads with mileage shown instead of kilometres.

List of Global Navigation Satellite Systems currently operational and in development - Defence Aviation List of Global Navigation Satellite Systems currently operational and in development
List of Global Navigation Satellite Systems currently operational and in development
Satellite navigation system performance is based on the following :
1 – GPS of the United States of America
2 – GLONASS of Russia
3 – Galileo of the European Union
4 – BeiDou of People’s Republic of China
5 – IRNSS or NAVIC of India
6 – QZSS of Japan
 It makes use of radio navigation satellites and is also utilized by the Aerospace Defence of the Russian Forces. It consists of 24 full orbital constellations of satellites that allow for global coverage. 3 – Galileo of the European Union
Galileo is the European Union satellite navigation system introduced in 2002. The European Space Agency also makes use of this system and is used as an alternative to the United States GPS. It makes use of 30 satellites that are in medium Earth orbit. It has been designed to be compatible with the GPS system of US and receivers can make use of combined signals from GPS and Galileo, mainly to increase the level of accuracy. 4 – BeiDou of People’s Republic of China
China has been using the system BeiDou for its military and civilian navigation purposes. It is currently in the second generation and was formerly known as COMPASS, and serves the Asia-Pacific region in addition to China. It makes use of 30 Medium Earth Orbit Satellites and 5 satellites that are in geostationary orbit. 5 – IRNSS or NAVIC of India
IRNSS (Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System) or NAVIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) is the satellite navigation system used by the Indian Space Research Organization, which is directly controlled by the Indian Government.

List of Global Navigation Satellite Systems currently operational and in development - Defence Aviation

List of Global Navigation Satellite Systems currently operational and in development
List of Global Navigation Satellite Systems currently operational and in development
Satellite navigation system performance is based on the following :
1 – GPS of the United States of America
2 – GLONASS of Russia
3 – Galileo of the European Union
4 – BeiDou of People’s Republic of China
5 – IRNSS or NAVIC of India
6 – QZSS of Japan

It makes use of radio navigation satellites and is also utilized by the Aerospace Defence of the Russian Forces. It consists of 24 full orbital constellations of satellites that allow for global coverage. 3 – Galileo of the European Union
Galileo is the European Union satellite navigation system introduced in 2002. The European Space Agency also makes use of this system and is used as an alternative to the United States GPS. It makes use of 30 satellites that are in medium Earth orbit. It has been designed to be compatible with the GPS system of US and receivers can make use of combined signals from GPS and Galileo, mainly to increase the level of accuracy. 4 – BeiDou of People’s Republic of China
China has been using the system BeiDou for its military and civilian navigation purposes. It is currently in the second generation and was formerly known as COMPASS, and serves the Asia-Pacific region in addition to China. It makes use of 30 Medium Earth Orbit Satellites and 5 satellites that are in geostationary orbit. 5 – IRNSS or NAVIC of India
IRNSS (Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System) or NAVIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) is the satellite navigation system used by the Indian Space Research Organization, which is directly controlled by the Indian Government.

iPad navigation apps tested – Yachting World iPad navigation apps tested: Pip Hare reviews 7 chartplotting apps
iPad navigation apps tested: Pip Hare reviews 7 chartplotting apps
Top rated iPad navigation apps – read individual reviews below
The perfect iPad navigation app doesn’t yet exist but…
Crowd-sourced data
Top tips for setting up and using your iPad navigation device
Ports of refuge
Satellite image layers
Check units: Lat and Long
Range rings
Velocity vector
Chart updates
If you enjoyed this….
 MaxSea TimeZero is brilliant if you want to use raster charts. Transas iSailor does everything, but it all costs extra. SeaNav UK & Ireland offers a unique ‘augmented reality’ view using Internet AIS. Garmin BlueChart Mobile good for planning, but only shares with Garmin hardware. iBoating is surprisingly versatile, but was the least expensive on test – and it showed. The perfect iPad navigation app doesn’t yet exist but…
Having spent six weeks living and breathing these apps, I have come to the conclusion that the perfect one does not exist, but some are getting pretty close. The well-developed user interfaces that app-based products provide are far superior to those found on most chartplotters and now, with NMEA integration, the all-important GPS fix comes from an external feed overcoming any accuracy concerns around using the GPS receiver built in to the tablet. To make the most of your chosen software, pick features that are relevant to your style of sailing. Think about what information you want displayed for easy situational awareness and make sure you spend time customising your display to show only what you need and, ideally, nothing more. Crowd-sourced data
Crowd sourcing information has enabled the boating community to share local knowledge and update navigational features in real-time.

MaxSea TimeZero is brilliant if you want to use raster charts. Transas iSailor does everything, but it all costs extra. SeaNav UK & Ireland offers a unique ‘augmented reality’ view using Internet AIS. Garmin BlueChart Mobile good for planning, but only shares with Garmin hardware. iBoating is surprisingly versatile, but was the least expensive on test – and it showed. The perfect iPad navigation app doesn’t yet exist but…
Having spent six weeks living and breathing these apps, I have come to the conclusion that the perfect one does not exist, but some are getting pretty close. The well-developed user interfaces that app-based products provide are far superior to those found on most chartplotters and now, with NMEA integration, the all-important GPS fix comes from an external feed overcoming any accuracy concerns around using the GPS receiver built in to the tablet. To make the most of your chosen software, pick features that are relevant to your style of sailing. Think about what information you want displayed for easy situational awareness and make sure you spend time customising your display to show only what you need and, ideally, nothing more. Crowd-sourced data
Crowd sourcing information has enabled the boating community to share local knowledge and update navigational features in real-time.

A Complete Guide To Boating Buoys And Markers A Complete Guide To Boating Buoys And Markers
A Complete Guide To Boating Buoys And Markers
Useful Definitions Relating To Buoys And Markers
A Little Info About Navigation In International Waters
Systems Of Navigation
Fixed Navigational Aids – Markers
Major Lighted Navigational Aids
How To Read The Nautical Code
Nautical Example – More To Go, See Below!
Minor Lighted Navigational Aids
Ranges
Sector Lights And Landfall Aids
No Anchorage Signs
Standard Day Beacons
Port Hand Day Beacon
Port Junction / Bifurcation Day Beacon
Starboard Junction / Bifurcation Day Beacon
Starboard Hand Day Beacon
Lateral Navigational Buoys
Fairway Buoys
Port Hand Buoys
Starboard Hand Buoys
Isolated Danger Buoys
Port Junction / Bifurcation Buoys
Starboard Junction / Bifurcation Buoys
Cardinal Aids Buoys
North Cardinal Aid Buoy
South Cardinal Aid Buoy
East Cardinal Aid Buoy
West Cardinal Aid Buoy
Special Purpose Buoys
Anchorage
Cautionary
Control
Diving
Hazard
Information
No Trespass / Keep-Out Buoy
Mooring
Scientific (ODAS)
Swimming
Bibliography
Take a look at the Boating Guide Magazine’s
RECOMMENDED Boating Gear
More From Boating Guide Magazine
 It is the set of rules that boaters must obey, just like obeying the speed limit when driving your car. Not obeying these rules can have some moderately severe penalties, so stay informed and boat safe. Systems Of Navigation
Here in North America, we abide by the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation Lighthouse Authorities Maritime Buoyage System. Say that three times fast. For short, it is known as the IALA Maritime Buoyage System, often referred to as merely IALA. This system is present around the world. However, there is one HUGE difference depending on where in the world you happen to be. The IALA system divides the world map into two distinct regions, A and B. North America is in region B.
Here’s this huge difference I’m referring to here. In region B, starboard buoys are red, and port buoys are green. In area A, the colors are reversed from that which you would find in region B. As I mentioned, this is a huge difference and a costly mistake if you are unaware and trying to traverse waters in the region you aren’t familiar with navigating.

A Complete Guide To Boating Buoys And Markers

A Complete Guide To Boating Buoys And Markers
A Complete Guide To Boating Buoys And Markers
Useful Definitions Relating To Buoys And Markers
A Little Info About Navigation In International Waters
Systems Of Navigation
Fixed Navigational Aids – Markers
Major Lighted Navigational Aids
How To Read The Nautical Code
Nautical Example – More To Go, See Below!
Minor Lighted Navigational Aids
Ranges
Sector Lights And Landfall Aids
No Anchorage Signs
Standard Day Beacons
Port Hand Day Beacon
Port Junction / Bifurcation Day Beacon
Starboard Junction / Bifurcation Day Beacon
Starboard Hand Day Beacon
Lateral Navigational Buoys
Fairway Buoys
Port Hand Buoys
Starboard Hand Buoys
Isolated Danger Buoys
Port Junction / Bifurcation Buoys
Starboard Junction / Bifurcation Buoys
Cardinal Aids Buoys
North Cardinal Aid Buoy
South Cardinal Aid Buoy
East Cardinal Aid Buoy
West Cardinal Aid Buoy
Special Purpose Buoys
Anchorage
Cautionary
Control
Diving
Hazard
Information
No Trespass / Keep-Out Buoy
Mooring
Scientific (ODAS)
Swimming
Bibliography
Take a look at the Boating Guide Magazine’s
RECOMMENDED Boating Gear
More From Boating Guide Magazine

It is the set of rules that boaters must obey, just like obeying the speed limit when driving your car. Not obeying these rules can have some moderately severe penalties, so stay informed and boat safe. Systems Of Navigation
Here in North America, we abide by the International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation Lighthouse Authorities Maritime Buoyage System. Say that three times fast. For short, it is known as the IALA Maritime Buoyage System, often referred to as merely IALA. This system is present around the world. However, there is one HUGE difference depending on where in the world you happen to be. The IALA system divides the world map into two distinct regions, A and B. North America is in region B.
Here’s this huge difference I’m referring to here. In region B, starboard buoys are red, and port buoys are green. In area A, the colors are reversed from that which you would find in region B. As I mentioned, this is a huge difference and a costly mistake if you are unaware and trying to traverse waters in the region you aren’t familiar with navigating.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
Naval College
Specialist units
Diving Section
Naval Intelligence Cell
Fishery Monitoring Centre
Roles and capabilities
Irish territorial waters and EEZ
EU Navfor Med
Assets
Current fleet
Other assets
Acquisitions and future
Decommissioned
Weapons
Personnel and ranks
Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
Irish Naval Service warrant officers
Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
See also
Footnotes
External links
 In 1970, Cliona and Macha were withdrawn from service and scrapped, leaving Maev as the sole ship in the Naval Service. Maev was withdrawn from service in 1972. In 1971, the Naval Service commissioned three armed Ton-class minesweepers: Grainne, Banba and Fola . LÉ Deirdre, the first purpose-built ship commissioned by the Irish Naval Service
In 1971 the Naval Service commissioned Verolme Cork Dockyard to build an offshore patrol ship. Named LÉ Deirdre, it was the first naval vessel purpose-built in Ireland to patrol its waters. The exclusive economic zone of Ireland was increased in 1976 from 12 miles (19 km) to 200 miles (320 km). The subsequent strain put on the Naval Service prompted funding from the European Economic Community to acquire five additional vessels, four of which were eventually built. Meanwhile, the former Irish lights vessel Isolda was purchased to act as a training ship, bearing the pennant number A15 and renamed LÉ Setanta (A15). It served until being sold for scrap in 1984.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia

Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
Naval College
Specialist units
Diving Section
Naval Intelligence Cell
Fishery Monitoring Centre
Roles and capabilities
Irish territorial waters and EEZ
EU Navfor Med
Assets
Current fleet
Other assets
Acquisitions and future
Decommissioned
Weapons
Personnel and ranks
Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
Irish Naval Service warrant officers
Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
See also
Footnotes
External links

In 1970, Cliona and Macha were withdrawn from service and scrapped, leaving Maev as the sole ship in the Naval Service. Maev was withdrawn from service in 1972. In 1971, the Naval Service commissioned three armed Ton-class minesweepers: Grainne, Banba and Fola . LÉ Deirdre, the first purpose-built ship commissioned by the Irish Naval Service
In 1971 the Naval Service commissioned Verolme Cork Dockyard to build an offshore patrol ship. Named LÉ Deirdre, it was the first naval vessel purpose-built in Ireland to patrol its waters. The exclusive economic zone of Ireland was increased in 1976 from 12 miles (19 km) to 200 miles (320 km). The subsequent strain put on the Naval Service prompted funding from the European Economic Community to acquire five additional vessels, four of which were eventually built. Meanwhile, the former Irish lights vessel Isolda was purchased to act as a training ship, bearing the pennant number A15 and renamed LÉ Setanta (A15). It served until being sold for scrap in 1984.

Driving in Ireland: What You Need to Know Driving in Ireland
Driving in Ireland
Driving Requirements
Checklist for Driving in Ireland:
Rules of the Road
Automatic vs. Stick Shift Driving
Should You Rent a Car in Ireland?
 and 120 kph (74.5 mph) on motorways. In Northern Ireland, the speed limits are: 45 kph (30 mph) in urban areas; 95 kph (60 mph) on single carriageways; 110 kph (70 mph) on dual carriageways. ( Note: a single carriageway is a smaller road with one lane in each direction, whereas a dual carriageway has some kind of divider between the traffic going in opposite directions and usually has at least two lanes in each direction). Road signs: While warning signs in Northern Ireland are generally to international standards, those in the Republic of Ireland tend to be a bit old-fashioned. Don’t worry:

Driving in Ireland: What You Need to Know

Driving in Ireland
Driving in Ireland
Driving Requirements
Checklist for Driving in Ireland:
Rules of the Road
Automatic vs. Stick Shift Driving
Should You Rent a Car in Ireland?

and 120 kph (74.5 mph) on motorways. In Northern Ireland, the speed limits are: 45 kph (30 mph) in urban areas; 95 kph (60 mph) on single carriageways; 110 kph (70 mph) on dual carriageways. ( Note: a single carriageway is a smaller road with one lane in each direction, whereas a dual carriageway has some kind of divider between the traffic going in opposite directions and usually has at least two lanes in each direction). Road signs: While warning signs in Northern Ireland are generally to international standards, those in the Republic of Ireland tend to be a bit old-fashioned. Don’t worry:

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia Roads in Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Contents
History
Roads in the Republic of Ireland
Motorways
Planned motorways
National primary roads
National secondary roads
Alternative National roads
Regional roads
Local roads
Old system
Former major trunk roads in Ireland and current equivalents
Roads in Northern Ireland
European routes
See also
References
External links
 As of 31 December 2013, there was a total of 7,959.309 km (4945 miles) of national roads: of which 5,305.56 km (3297 miles) were national primary routes (including motorways) and 2,653.749 km (1649 miles) were national secondary routes. By May 2018 Network Lengths were as follows. National Primary Roads (including motorways) 2,717 km (1689 miles)
National Secondary Roads 2,696 km (1675 miles)
Total National Road N (and M) Network 5,413 km (3363 miles)
In addition to national roads, the Republic also has an extensive network of other public roads: there are: 13,124 kilometres (8155 miles) of Regional Roads R and 81,300 kilometres (50,500 miles) of Local L roads. Local Roads are broken into three classes,
Local Primary (LP) 23,789 km (14782 miles), Local Secondary (LS) 33,366 km (20733 miles) and Local Tertiary LT 23,789 km (14782 miles)
For a combined public road network length of 99,830 km (62,030 miles) in 2018
The Republic's major road network is focused on Dublin. Motorways were extended from Dublin to other major cities as part of the Transport 21 programme which aimed to have a world-class motorway network in place by the end of 2010. At that time, Ireland's main cities ( Cork, Limerick, Galway, Waterford and Belfast) excluding Derry were connected to Dublin with motorways or with near-motorway standard roads. Dublin was the focus of some other major projects, such as the East-Link and West-Link toll-bridges, as well as the Dublin Port Tunnel.

Roads in Ireland - Wikipedia

As of 31 December 2013, there was a total of 7,959.309 km (4945 miles) of national roads: of which 5,305.56 km (3297 miles) were national primary routes (including motorways) and 2,653.749 km (1649 miles) were national secondary routes. By May 2018 Network Lengths were as follows. National Primary Roads (including motorways) 2,717 km (1689 miles)
National Secondary Roads 2,696 km (1675 miles)
Total National Road N (and M) Network 5,413 km (3363 miles)
In addition to national roads, the Republic also has an extensive network of other public roads: there are: 13,124 kilometres (8155 miles) of Regional Roads R and 81,300 kilometres (50,500 miles) of Local L roads. Local Roads are broken into three classes,
Local Primary (LP) 23,789 km (14782 miles), Local Secondary (LS) 33,366 km (20733 miles) and Local Tertiary LT 23,789 km (14782 miles)
For a combined public road network length of 99,830 km (62,030 miles) in 2018
The Republic's major road network is focused on Dublin. Motorways were extended from Dublin to other major cities as part of the Transport 21 programme which aimed to have a world-class motorway network in place by the end of 2010. At that time, Ireland's main cities ( Cork, Limerick, Galway, Waterford and Belfast) excluding Derry were connected to Dublin with motorways or with near-motorway standard roads. Dublin was the focus of some other major projects, such as the East-Link and West-Link toll-bridges, as well as the Dublin Port Tunnel.

How Pilots Use Air Navigation to Fly
How Pilots Use Air Navigation to Fly
Dead Reckoning and Pilotage
Radio Navigation Methods for Aircraft
Automatic Direction Finder and Nondirectional Radio Beacon
VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR)
Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
GPS Navigation
How Pilots Use NAVAIDS
 A single DME station can handle up to 100 aircraft at one time, and they usually co-exist with VOR ground stations. Instrument Landing System (ILS)
An instrument landing system (ILS) is an instrument approach system used to guide aircraft down to the runway from the approach phase of flight. It uses both horizontal and vertical radio signals emitted from a point along the runway. These signals intercept to give the pilot precise location information in the form of a glideslope—a constant-angle, stabilized descent path all the way down to the approach end of the runway. ILS systems are widely in use today as one of the most accurate approach systems available. GPS Navigation
The global positioning system has become the most valuable method of navigation in the modern aviation world. GPS has proven to be tremendously reliable and precise and is probably the most common NAVAID in use today. The global positioning system uses 24 U.S. Department of Defense satellites to provide precise location data, such as aircraft position, track, and speed to pilots. The GPS system uses triangulation to determine the aircraft's exact position over the earth. To be accurate, a GPS system must have the ability to gather data from at least three satellites for 2-D positioning, and four satellites for 3-D positioning.

How Pilots Use Air Navigation to Fly

How Pilots Use Air Navigation to Fly
Dead Reckoning and Pilotage
Radio Navigation Methods for Aircraft
Automatic Direction Finder and Nondirectional Radio Beacon
VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR)
Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
GPS Navigation
How Pilots Use NAVAIDS

A single DME station can handle up to 100 aircraft at one time, and they usually co-exist with VOR ground stations. Instrument Landing System (ILS)
An instrument landing system (ILS) is an instrument approach system used to guide aircraft down to the runway from the approach phase of flight. It uses both horizontal and vertical radio signals emitted from a point along the runway. These signals intercept to give the pilot precise location information in the form of a glideslope—a constant-angle, stabilized descent path all the way down to the approach end of the runway. ILS systems are widely in use today as one of the most accurate approach systems available. GPS Navigation
The global positioning system has become the most valuable method of navigation in the modern aviation world. GPS has proven to be tremendously reliable and precise and is probably the most common NAVAID in use today. The global positioning system uses 24 U.S. Department of Defense satellites to provide precise location data, such as aircraft position, track, and speed to pilots. The GPS system uses triangulation to determine the aircraft's exact position over the earth. To be accurate, a GPS system must have the ability to gather data from at least three satellites for 2-D positioning, and four satellites for 3-D positioning.

10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic 10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic
10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic
10 Size
9 Currency and Economy
8 International Recognition
7 Ireland generally refers to the Republic.
6 Metric vs. Imperial measurements
5 Tourist spots
4 Food
3 Religion
2 Politics
1 Culture
 Who gets the benefit of the general term? In countries that share a name, such as North and South Korea, one of them almost always rises above the other to be the country that people assume that you are referring to when you use the general term. In the case of the Koreas, South Korea takes that win. With the Irelands, it is the Republic that is generally referred to as good old Ireland. There are multiple reasons behind this generality, including the Republic’s larger size and international recognition. However, Northern Ireland is still a prevalent area that has influence over the affairs of both the UK and Europe as a whole. 6 Metric vs. Imperial measurements
Another important difference is that Northern Ireland, similar to America, uses the interesting imperial system. Specifically, all the road signs in Northern Ireland feature miles per hour instead of kilometers. Nowadays, it’s one of the only countries in the world to still hold on to the traditional method of measurement. The Republic of Ireland, on the other hand, uses the metric system of kilometers like the majority of the world.

10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic
10 Differences Between Northern Ireland & The Republic
10 Size
9 Currency and Economy
8 International Recognition
7 Ireland generally refers to the Republic.
6 Metric vs. Imperial measurements
5 Tourist spots
4 Food
3 Religion
2 Politics
1 Culture

Who gets the benefit of the general term? In countries that share a name, such as North and South Korea, one of them almost always rises above the other to be the country that people assume that you are referring to when you use the general term. In the case of the Koreas, South Korea takes that win. With the Irelands, it is the Republic that is generally referred to as good old Ireland. There are multiple reasons behind this generality, including the Republic’s larger size and international recognition. However, Northern Ireland is still a prevalent area that has influence over the affairs of both the UK and Europe as a whole. 6 Metric vs. Imperial measurements
Another important difference is that Northern Ireland, similar to America, uses the interesting imperial system. Specifically, all the road signs in Northern Ireland feature miles per hour instead of kilometers. Nowadays, it’s one of the only countries in the world to still hold on to the traditional method of measurement. The Republic of Ireland, on the other hand, uses the metric system of kilometers like the majority of the world.

Knock Ireland West Airport (NOC/EIKN) | Arrivals, Departures & Routes | Flightradar24 Knock Ireland West Airport
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Knock Ireland West Airport (NOC/EIKN) | Arrivals, Departures & Routes | Flightradar24

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Knock Ireland West Airport (NOC/EIKN) | Arrivals, Departures & Routes | Flightradar24
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Road signs in Ireland - Wikipedia Road signs in Ireland
Road signs in Ireland
Contents
Republic of Ireland
Legal basis
Directional signage
Typefaces and colours
Types of sign available
Destination signing policy
Motorway / high quality dual carriageway signage
Original design
Current signing policy
Future amendments under consideration
Regulatory signs
Warning signs
Roadwork signs
Obsolete signage
Earlier directional signage
Earlier warning signs
Northern Ireland
See also
References
External links
 Directional signage
Typefaces and colours
Black-on-white regional road sign in Irish and English, showing Guildford Rules patching for the N75 and the M8
A simpler black-on-white regional road sign
White-on-green national road sign
White-on-green national road signs
White-on-blue motorway road sign. An example of Advance Directional Signage (ADS)
A cantilever sign on the N11
Directional signage in the Republic of Ireland is fairly similar to the United Kingdom design. All Irish text is in italic print, in lower case lettering with initial letters in capitals. Irish script is inclined at 15 degrees to the vertical. The Irish text is placed above the corresponding English. All English text is in upper case Roman alphabet. The Transport Heavy and Motorway typefaces are used, although the Irish language text uses a distinctive oblique variant, in which letters a are represented by script a ( ɑ ), and letters i were represented by dotless i ( ı) in order to better differentiate them from their accented forms, however, the normal letter i is now used frequently. Additionally, the capitals M, N and A are similar in appearance to lowercase m, n and a. Only the Irish place name is shown if the sign is in the Gaeltacht, or the official name in English is identical to the Irish name or nearly so (for example Dún Laoghaire or Port Laoise ). Due to the practice of signposting in both languages, usually a limited number of destinations will be signposted. If a destination can be reached by following a route which is a spur from that route, the destination and route number will be shown in brackets.

Road signs in Ireland - Wikipedia

Road signs in Ireland
Road signs in Ireland
Contents
Republic of Ireland
Legal basis
Directional signage
Typefaces and colours
Types of sign available
Destination signing policy
Motorway / high quality dual carriageway signage
Original design
Current signing policy
Future amendments under consideration
Regulatory signs
Warning signs
Roadwork signs
Obsolete signage
Earlier directional signage
Earlier warning signs
Northern Ireland
See also
References
External links

Directional signage
Typefaces and colours
Black-on-white regional road sign in Irish and English, showing Guildford Rules patching for the N75 and the M8
A simpler black-on-white regional road sign
White-on-green national road sign
White-on-green national road signs
White-on-blue motorway road sign. An example of Advance Directional Signage (ADS)
A cantilever sign on the N11
Directional signage in the Republic of Ireland is fairly similar to the United Kingdom design. All Irish text is in italic print, in lower case lettering with initial letters in capitals. Irish script is inclined at 15 degrees to the vertical. The Irish text is placed above the corresponding English. All English text is in upper case Roman alphabet. The Transport Heavy and Motorway typefaces are used, although the Irish language text uses a distinctive oblique variant, in which letters a are represented by script a ( ɑ ), and letters i were represented by dotless i ( ı) in order to better differentiate them from their accented forms, however, the normal letter i is now used frequently. Additionally, the capitals M, N and A are similar in appearance to lowercase m, n and a. Only the Irish place name is shown if the sign is in the Gaeltacht, or the official name in English is identical to the Irish name or nearly so (for example Dún Laoghaire or Port Laoise ). Due to the practice of signposting in both languages, usually a limited number of destinations will be signposted. If a destination can be reached by following a route which is a spur from that route, the destination and route number will be shown in brackets.

Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
Regulation
Infrastructure
Telephone system
History
Internet
Radio and television
Infrastructure
See also
References
External links
 From 1957 onwards, P&T began to roll out more modern crossbar switches primarily using equipment supplied by Ericsson built at their Athlone facility. ITT Pentaconta crossbar switches, built by CGCT (Compagnie générale de constructions téléphoniques) were also used in some areas. This saw significant improvements to many services, but the network was still quite underdeveloped in rural areas. Digital switching was introduced in 1980 using Ericsson AXE and Alcatel E10 switches both of which were manufactured at facilities in Ireland. This saw a total transformation of the telephone network with modern automatic and digital services reaching even the most rural parts of Ireland by the mid-1980s. The fixed-line network is now made up of multiple operators using a diverse range of digital technologies including VoIP. Ireland's first mobile telephone network, Eircell, went live in 1986 using the analogue TACS system. 2G GSM services from Eircell launched on 1 July 1993. Digifone followed in 1997, then Meteor in 2001 (having been licensed in 1998) and 3 Ireland launched its UMTS 3G-only service in 2005. 3G services launched in 2004 (Vodafone Ireland) and other networks quickly followed suit, and 4G launched in 2013 (Meteor) and is now available on most networks.

Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
Regulation
Infrastructure
Telephone system
History
Internet
Radio and television
Infrastructure
See also
References
External links

From 1957 onwards, P&T began to roll out more modern crossbar switches primarily using equipment supplied by Ericsson built at their Athlone facility. ITT Pentaconta crossbar switches, built by CGCT (Compagnie générale de constructions téléphoniques) were also used in some areas. This saw significant improvements to many services, but the network was still quite underdeveloped in rural areas. Digital switching was introduced in 1980 using Ericsson AXE and Alcatel E10 switches both of which were manufactured at facilities in Ireland. This saw a total transformation of the telephone network with modern automatic and digital services reaching even the most rural parts of Ireland by the mid-1980s. The fixed-line network is now made up of multiple operators using a diverse range of digital technologies including VoIP. Ireland's first mobile telephone network, Eircell, went live in 1986 using the analogue TACS system. 2G GSM services from Eircell launched on 1 July 1993. Digifone followed in 1997, then Meteor in 2001 (having been licensed in 1998) and 3 Ireland launched its UMTS 3G-only service in 2005. 3G services launched in 2004 (Vodafone Ireland) and other networks quickly followed suit, and 4G launched in 2013 (Meteor) and is now available on most networks.

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Marine Notice No 21 of 2021 - Erne System, Lower Bann Navigation and Shannon Erne Waterway within Northern Ireland - Covid 19 update - Access to navigations and facilities - wef 10 May 2021
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The Erne System, the Lower Bann Navigation and the Shanno...
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Marine Notice No 19 of 2021 - Shannon Navigation, Shannon Erne Waterway, Grand Canal, Royal Canal, Barrow Line and Navigation - Reopening of navigations from Monday 10 May 2021
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LOCK 26 ATHY
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Marine Notice No 24 of 2021 - Grand Canal - Barrow Line - Lock 26 Athy - Closed until further notice for essential maintenance works
Notice Number 24 of 2016
MARINE NOTICE
No 24 of 2021
GRAND CANAL - BARROW LINE
LOCK 26 ATHY
Waterways...
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Waterways Ireland | Home

Stories from the Waterways
Tourism Business Supports
Shannon Tourism Masterplan Launch
Royal Canal Greenway Launch
Ulster Canal Phase 2 Development
Ulster Canal Phase 2 Development
THE HISTORIC 130KM ROYAL CANAL GREENWAY OFFICIALLY LAUNCHES
New Shannon Tourism Masterplan to transform tourism in Ireland’s Hidden Heartlands and drive rural development
Stories from the Waterways
Ulster Canal Phase 2 Development
THE HISTORIC 130KM ROYAL CANAL GREENWAY OFFICIALLY LAUNCHES
New Shannon Tourism Masterplan to transform tourism in Ireland’s Hidden Heartlands and drive rural development
Stories from the Waterways
Ulster Canal Phase 2 Development
THE HISTORIC 130KM ROYAL CANAL GREENWAY OFFICIALLY LAUNCHES
New Shannon Tourism Masterplan to transform tourism in Ireland’s Hidden Heartlands and drive rural development
Stories from the Waterways
Upcoming Events
Tweets
Why not try some...
Canoeing
Boating
Power Sports
Rowing
Sailing
Cycling
Walking
Angling
Canoeing
Boating
Power Sports
Rowing
Sailing
Cycling
Walking
Angling
Select your waterway...
Barrow Navigation

07/05/2021
Marine Notice No 21 of 2021 - Erne System, Lower Bann Navigation and Shannon Erne Waterway within Northern Ireland - Covid 19 update - Access to navigations and facilities - wef 10 May 2021
Notice Number 21 of 2016
MARINE NOTICE
No. 21 of 2021
The Erne System, the Lower Bann Navigation and the Shanno...
Posted: 30/04/2021
Marine Notice No 19 of 2021 - Shannon Navigation, Shannon Erne Waterway, Grand Canal, Royal Canal, Barrow Line and Navigation - Reopening of navigations from Monday 10 May 2021
Notice Number 19 of 2016
MARINE NOTICE
No. 19 of 2021
Shannon Navigation, Shannon Erne Waterway, Grand Canal,...
Posted: 30/04/2021
Marine Notice No 20 of 2021 - Shannon Navigation - Tarmonbarry - Emergency repair works to lock gates - Completion delayed until 28 May 2021
Notice Number 20 of 2016
MARINE NOTICE
No. 20 of 2021
Shannon Navigation
Tarmonbarry
Emergency repair...
Posted: 02/01/2021
Special Marine Notice 01 of 2021 - General Information on using Waterways Ireland navigations
Notice Number 1 of 2016
SPECIAL MARINE NOTICE
No. 1 of 2021
General Information on using Waterways Ireland nav...
Posted: 13/05/2021
Marine Notice No 24 of 2021 - Grand Canal - Barrow Line - Lock 26 Athy - Closed until further notice for essential maintenance works
Notice Number 24 of 2016
MARINE NOTICE
No 24 of 2021
GRAND CANAL - BARROW LINE
LOCK 26 ATHY
Waterways...
Posted: 13/05/2021
Marine Notice No 24 of 2021 - Grand Canal - Barrow Line - Lock 26 Athy - Closed until further notice for essential maintenance works
Notice Number 24 of 2016
MARINE NOTICE
No 24 of 2021
GRAND CANAL - BARROW LINE
LOCK 26 ATHY
Waterways...
Posted:

Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
Regulation
Infrastructure
Telephone system
History
Internet
Radio and television
Infrastructure
See also
References
External links
 Meteor and Eir Mobile were the first to launch 4G LTE services in Ireland on 26 September 2013, followed by Vodafone on 14 October 2013, and Three on 27 January 2014. O2 was due to launch its 4G services later in 2014, but plans were put on hold when its acquisition by Three was approved in May, and from the time of the merger in 2015, previous O2 customers gained 4G coverage through Three's network, albeit with initial service problems. In 2016, 41.9% of Ireland's mobile subscriptions were using 4G technology. 3G remained the dominant technology with 44.6% share, however, it is likely to be overtaken by 4G in 2017. Telephone system
See also: Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland and List of dialling codes in the Republic of Ireland
Fixed telephone lines in use 1,168,591 (Q3 2020, ComReg)
Mobile cellular telephones: 5,182,682 (Q3 2020, ComReg)
Country code: 353
As mobile phone services become more price competitive, more Irish customers are opting to drop landline services. This is reflected by a sharp fall in the number of fixed line channels in use and an equivalent increase in mobile subscriptions. Details are tracked on ComReg's ComStat website
There are three mobile telecommunications providers:

Meteor and Eir Mobile were the first to launch 4G LTE services in Ireland on 26 September 2013, followed by Vodafone on 14 October 2013, and Three on 27 January 2014. O2 was due to launch its 4G services later in 2014, but plans were put on hold when its acquisition by Three was approved in May, and from the time of the merger in 2015, previous O2 customers gained 4G coverage through Three's network, albeit with initial service problems. In 2016, 41.9% of Ireland's mobile subscriptions were using 4G technology. 3G remained the dominant technology with 44.6% share, however, it is likely to be overtaken by 4G in 2017. Telephone system
See also: Telephone numbers in the Republic of Ireland and List of dialling codes in the Republic of Ireland
Fixed telephone lines in use 1,168,591 (Q3 2020, ComReg)
Mobile cellular telephones: 5,182,682 (Q3 2020, ComReg)
Country code: 353
As mobile phone services become more price competitive, more Irish customers are opting to drop landline services. This is reflected by a sharp fall in the number of fixed line channels in use and an equivalent increase in mobile subscriptions. Details are tracked on ComReg's ComStat website
There are three mobile telecommunications providers:

Using my phone in Northern Ireland - O2 Community
Welcome to the O2 Community
Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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on 15-07-2012 08:47
just ensue that if you get close to the border to check you are not connected to o2ie etc. So as long as your handset says o2-uk you will be fine
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Using my phone in Northern Ireland - O2 Community

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on 15-07-2012 08:47
just ensue that if you get close to the border to check you are not connected to o2ie etc. So as long as your handset says o2-uk you will be fine
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Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
History
Driver theory test
Learner Permit
Driving licence categories
Penalty points
Gallery
See also
External links
References
 Gallery
Current Irish driving licence
Former Irish driving licence (Replaced 2013)
Former Irish learner's permit (Replaced 2013)
Old version Irish driving licence (1981)
Old version Irish provisional driving licence (1976)
N plate that must be displayed by novice drivers in Ireland
See also
European driving licence
For Northern Ireland see Driving licence in the United Kingdom
Irish passport
External links
National Driver Licence Service (responsible for issuing and renewal of Driving Licences since 26/10/2013)
Road Safety Authority (responsible for Driving Licences until 26/10/2013)
References
^ "NDLS About the driving Licence Categories". NDLS.ie. Archived from the original on 2014-02-27. Retrieved 2014-02-27. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter ( link)
^ "NDLS driving Licence Categories". NDLS.ie. Archived from the original on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-10-24. CS1 maint:

Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia

Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
History
Driver theory test
Learner Permit
Driving licence categories
Penalty points
Gallery
See also
External links
References

Gallery
Current Irish driving licence
Former Irish driving licence (Replaced 2013)
Former Irish learner's permit (Replaced 2013)
Old version Irish driving licence (1981)
Old version Irish provisional driving licence (1976)
N plate that must be displayed by novice drivers in Ireland
See also
European driving licence
For Northern Ireland see Driving licence in the United Kingdom
Irish passport
External links
National Driver Licence Service (responsible for issuing and renewal of Driving Licences since 26/10/2013)
Road Safety Authority (responsible for Driving Licences until 26/10/2013)
References
^ "NDLS About the driving Licence Categories". NDLS.ie. Archived from the original on 2014-02-27. Retrieved 2014-02-27. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter ( link)
^ "NDLS driving Licence Categories". NDLS.ie. Archived from the original on 2013-10-21. Retrieved 2013-10-24. CS1 maint:

Northern Ireland - Wikipedia Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Contents
History
Home Rule Crisis
Partition of Ireland
1925–1965
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External links
 ^ +44 is always followed by 28 when calling landlines. The code is 028 within the UK and 048 from the Republic of Ireland where it is treated as a domestic call. The traditional counties of Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann [ˈt̪ˠu͜əʃkʲəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] ( listen); Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom that is variously described as a country, province, territory or region. Located in the northeast of the island of Ireland, Northern Ireland shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. In 2011, its population was 1,810,863, constituting about 30% of the island's population and about 3% of the UK's population. The Northern Ireland Assembly (colloquially referred to as Stormont after its location), established by the Northern Ireland Act 1998, holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters, while other areas are reserved for the British government. Northern Ireland co-operates with the Republic of Ireland in several areas.

Northern Ireland - Wikipedia

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Contents
History
Home Rule Crisis
Partition of Ireland
1925–1965
The Troubles
Peace process
Politics
Background
Governance
Descriptions
Alternative names
Unionist
Nationalist
Other
Geography and climate
Counties
Cities and major towns
Economy
Transport
Demographics
Religion
Citizenship and identity
Languages
English
Irish
Ulster Scots
Sign languages
Culture
Symbols
Sport
Field sports
Association football
Rugby union
Cricket
Gaelic games
Golf
Snooker
Motorsport
Motorcycle racing
Motor racing
Rugby league
Ice hockey
Professional wrestling
Education
Wildlife
Media and communications
See also
Notes
References
Further reading
External links

^ +44 is always followed by 28 when calling landlines. The code is 028 within the UK and 048 from the Republic of Ireland where it is treated as a domestic call. The traditional counties of Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann [ˈt̪ˠu͜əʃkʲəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] ( listen); Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom that is variously described as a country, province, territory or region. Located in the northeast of the island of Ireland, Northern Ireland shares a border to the south and west with the Republic of Ireland. In 2011, its population was 1,810,863, constituting about 30% of the island's population and about 3% of the UK's population. The Northern Ireland Assembly (colloquially referred to as Stormont after its location), established by the Northern Ireland Act 1998, holds responsibility for a range of devolved policy matters, while other areas are reserved for the British government. Northern Ireland co-operates with the Republic of Ireland in several areas.

Ireland - Wikipedia Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Contents
Etymology
History
Prehistoric Ireland
Emergence of Celtic Ireland
Late antiquity and early medieval times
Norman and English invasions
The Kingdom of Ireland
Union with Great Britain
Partition
Independence
Northern Ireland
Politics
Republic of Ireland
Northern Ireland
All-island institutions
Geography
Geology
Climate
Flora and fauna
Impact of agriculture
Demographics
Divisions and settlements
Migration
Languages
Culture
Arts
Literature
Music
Art
Science
Sports
Field sports
Other sports
Recreation
Food and drink
Economy
Overview and GDP
Regional economics
Economic history
Major industries
Tourism
Energy
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links
 Airlann [ˈɑːrlən]) is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth. Geopolitically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland ), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. In 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.6 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain. As of 2016, 4.8 million live in the Republic of Ireland, and 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland. The geography of Ireland comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain, with several navigable rivers extending inland. Its lush vegetation is a product of its mild but changeable climate which is free of extremes in temperature. Much of Ireland was woodland until the end of the Middle Ages. Today, woodland makes up about 10% of the island, compared with a European average of over 33%, and most of it is non-native conifer plantations.

Ireland - Wikipedia

Ireland
Ireland
Ireland
Contents
Etymology
History
Prehistoric Ireland
Emergence of Celtic Ireland
Late antiquity and early medieval times
Norman and English invasions
The Kingdom of Ireland
Union with Great Britain
Partition
Independence
Northern Ireland
Politics
Republic of Ireland
Northern Ireland
All-island institutions
Geography
Geology
Climate
Flora and fauna
Impact of agriculture
Demographics
Divisions and settlements
Migration
Languages
Culture
Arts
Literature
Music
Art
Science
Sports
Field sports
Other sports
Recreation
Food and drink
Economy
Overview and GDP
Regional economics
Economic history
Major industries
Tourism
Energy
Notes
References
Bibliography
External links

Airlann [ˈɑːrlən]) is an island in the North Atlantic. It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel, the Irish Sea, and St George's Channel. Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles, the third-largest in Europe, and the twentieth-largest on Earth. Geopolitically, Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland (officially named Ireland ), which covers five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom. In 2011, the population of Ireland was about 6.6 million, ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain. As of 2016, 4.8 million live in the Republic of Ireland, and 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland. The geography of Ireland comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain, with several navigable rivers extending inland. Its lush vegetation is a product of its mild but changeable climate which is free of extremes in temperature. Much of Ireland was woodland until the end of the Middle Ages. Today, woodland makes up about 10% of the island, compared with a European average of over 33%, and most of it is non-native conifer plantations.

Ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland with directferries.ie Compare ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland
Compare ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland
Northern Ireland Scotland Ferry Map
Ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland
About Northern Ireland:
About Scotland:
 Ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland with directferries.ie
Compare ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland
There are 2 ferry routes operating between Northern Ireland and Scotland offering you combined total of 84 sailings per week. P&O Irish Sea operates 1 route, Larne to Cairnryan which runs 7 times daily. Stena Line operates 1 route, Belfast to Cairnryan which runs 5 times daily. As the frequency and duration of crossings on some routes varies we would advise that you do a live search for crossings from Northern Ireland to Scotland to get the most up to date information. Northern Ireland Scotland Ferry Map
Click for map
Ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland
Belfast Cairnryan Ferry
Stena Line
Get price
Larne Cairnryan Ferry
P&O Irish Sea
Get price
About Northern Ireland: Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom, located in the North-east part of the island of Ireland, with the Republic of Ireland in the South-west. Northern Ireland has plenty of inspirational locations, stunning landscapes and friendly people. Each region in Northern Ireland is very distinctive with much to offer. Its capital and largest city Belfast was the birthplace of the Titanic and now has the world’s largest Titanic Belfast visitor experience to uncover the story of the Titanic. The ports of Northern Ireland provide the perfect gateway to the rest of the UK by ferry with regular and high speed crossings on offer to Scotland and the Isle of Man as well as a longer crossings travelling further south to England.

Ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland with directferries.ie

Compare ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland
Compare ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland
Northern Ireland Scotland Ferry Map
Ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland
About Northern Ireland:
About Scotland:

Ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland with directferries.ie
Compare ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland
There are 2 ferry routes operating between Northern Ireland and Scotland offering you combined total of 84 sailings per week. P&O Irish Sea operates 1 route, Larne to Cairnryan which runs 7 times daily. Stena Line operates 1 route, Belfast to Cairnryan which runs 5 times daily. As the frequency and duration of crossings on some routes varies we would advise that you do a live search for crossings from Northern Ireland to Scotland to get the most up to date information. Northern Ireland Scotland Ferry Map
Click for map
Ferries from Northern Ireland to Scotland
Belfast Cairnryan Ferry
Stena Line
Get price
Larne Cairnryan Ferry
P&O Irish Sea
Get price
About Northern Ireland: Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom, located in the North-east part of the island of Ireland, with the Republic of Ireland in the South-west. Northern Ireland has plenty of inspirational locations, stunning landscapes and friendly people. Each region in Northern Ireland is very distinctive with much to offer. Its capital and largest city Belfast was the birthplace of the Titanic and now has the world’s largest Titanic Belfast visitor experience to uncover the story of the Titanic. The ports of Northern Ireland provide the perfect gateway to the rest of the UK by ferry with regular and high speed crossings on offer to Scotland and the Isle of Man as well as a longer crossings travelling further south to England.

Northern Ireland vs Ireland: The Biggest Differences in 2020 Ireland vs Northern Ireland: A Locals Guide to the Differences in 2020
Ireland vs Northern Ireland: A Locals Guide to the Differences in 2020
Confused? Take a couple of minutes to dive into the guide below!
In this guide, you’ll learn:
Table of Contents
Ireland vs Northern Ireland
A quick introduction
The main differences between Northern Ireland and Ireland
Ireland vs Northern Ireland: Counties, Governance, Currency, More
The counties of Ireland and Northern Ireland
The counties of the Republic of Ireland
The counties of Northern Ireland
Governance: President v Queen
Currency: Euro v Pound
Different capitals: Dublin v Belfast
Languages: Irish vs English
Car rental
“Wait, how will I actually know when I’m passing into NI?”
The Partition of Ireland: A Brief History
Introduction
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
The third Home Rule bill
Then the 1st World War happened…
The 1916 Easter Rising
The partition
Frequently asked questions about Northern Ireland v Ireland
Is Ireland part of the UK?
How is Northern Ireland different from Ireland?
Is Northern Ireland British or Irish?
Is Dublin in Northern Ireland?
 You’ll see Irish used in many street signs and within official documents, but you don’t tend to hear it spoken outside of schools, where it’s taught, or in Gaeltacht areas, which are primarily Irish-speaking regions. Although English is the official language of Northern Ireland, Ullans (a variant of Scots – a language brought to Ulster by Scottish settlers in the 17th century) and Irish are both seen as culturally significant. Car rental
Renting a car in Ireland can be a pain. I picked one up from Europcar not long ago. When I was collecting it, I was surprised to hear that if I drove into Northern Ireland I would be hit with an additional €25 – €35 (I can’t remember exactly how much) charge that would be automatically debited from my card. I’m not sure if this is the case with every car rental provider, so check in advance. Photo by Chris Hill
“Wait, how will I actually know when I’m passing into NI?” One of the ways I know that I’m after passing into Northern Ireland is the road signs. In Northern Ireland, they show distances in miles (see image above), while in the Republic of Ireland, we use kilometres. Obviously, if you pass a massive ‘You are now entering Derry’ sign, it’ll be pretty obvious.

Northern Ireland vs Ireland: The Biggest Differences in 2020

Ireland vs Northern Ireland: A Locals Guide to the Differences in 2020
Ireland vs Northern Ireland: A Locals Guide to the Differences in 2020
Confused? Take a couple of minutes to dive into the guide below!
In this guide, you’ll learn:
Table of Contents
Ireland vs Northern Ireland
A quick introduction
The main differences between Northern Ireland and Ireland
Ireland vs Northern Ireland: Counties, Governance, Currency, More
The counties of Ireland and Northern Ireland
The counties of the Republic of Ireland
The counties of Northern Ireland
Governance: President v Queen
Currency: Euro v Pound
Different capitals: Dublin v Belfast
Languages: Irish vs English
Car rental
“Wait, how will I actually know when I’m passing into NI?”
The Partition of Ireland: A Brief History
Introduction
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
The third Home Rule bill
Then the 1st World War happened…
The 1916 Easter Rising
The partition
Frequently asked questions about Northern Ireland v Ireland
Is Ireland part of the UK?
How is Northern Ireland different from Ireland?
Is Northern Ireland British or Irish?
Is Dublin in Northern Ireland?

You’ll see Irish used in many street signs and within official documents, but you don’t tend to hear it spoken outside of schools, where it’s taught, or in Gaeltacht areas, which are primarily Irish-speaking regions. Although English is the official language of Northern Ireland, Ullans (a variant of Scots – a language brought to Ulster by Scottish settlers in the 17th century) and Irish are both seen as culturally significant. Car rental
Renting a car in Ireland can be a pain. I picked one up from Europcar not long ago. When I was collecting it, I was surprised to hear that if I drove into Northern Ireland I would be hit with an additional €25 – €35 (I can’t remember exactly how much) charge that would be automatically debited from my card. I’m not sure if this is the case with every car rental provider, so check in advance. Photo by Chris Hill
“Wait, how will I actually know when I’m passing into NI?” One of the ways I know that I’m after passing into Northern Ireland is the road signs. In Northern Ireland, they show distances in miles (see image above), while in the Republic of Ireland, we use kilometres. Obviously, if you pass a massive ‘You are now entering Derry’ sign, it’ll be pretty obvious.

Irish Car Rentals: Car Rental Ireland from €14/day Car Rental Ireland
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Car Hire Locations Across Ireland
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2021 Driving Routes - The best way to visit Ireland
Ireland's Ancient East
The Wild Atlantic Way
Car Rental Ireland | 2021 Reviews
"Staff are always very friendly and efficient. " - 18th January 2021
" Excellent " - 8th January 2021
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2021 Driving Routes - The best way to visit Ireland
Driving in Ireland is a popular by locals and international travellers alike. In Galway, there’s a seaside town called Clifden that offers access to the Sky Road, an 11-kilometer circular route. Over the cliffs provide amazing views of the Connemara region, Clifden Bay, and its islands out to sea. Planning to do a staycation or visiting Ireland in 2021? Book your car rental today. Longer than the Sky Road is the famous Ring of Kerry. This 180-kilometer looped route winds past fabulous beaches, mirror-like lakes, and medieval ruins. Inside the Ring of Kerry is the lesser known Skellig Ring.

Irish Car Rentals: Car Rental Ireland from €14/day

Car Rental Ireland
Car Rental Ireland
Car hire Ireland from €14/day* with Irish Car Rentals, book directly for your car hire in Ireland.
Irish Car Rentals
Price Promise
GoCar by Europcar - 24/7 car rental, near you
Pick up a car near you, 24/7
No rental station, no waiting
Car Hire Locations Across Ireland
Car Rental Fleet
Optional Services & Products
Ireland Car Rental
Price Promise
Free Cancellation
Newsletter
2021 Driving Routes - The best way to visit Ireland
Ireland's Ancient East
The Wild Atlantic Way
Car Rental Ireland | 2021 Reviews
"Staff are always very friendly and efficient. " - 18th January 2021
" Excellent " - 8th January 2021

That's why we offer FREE cancellations up to 48 hours prior to pick up. Newsletter
Sign up to our newsletter to get the latest discounts & news. Sign up here
2021 Driving Routes - The best way to visit Ireland
Driving in Ireland is a popular by locals and international travellers alike. In Galway, there’s a seaside town called Clifden that offers access to the Sky Road, an 11-kilometer circular route. Over the cliffs provide amazing views of the Connemara region, Clifden Bay, and its islands out to sea. Planning to do a staycation or visiting Ireland in 2021? Book your car rental today. Longer than the Sky Road is the famous Ring of Kerry. This 180-kilometer looped route winds past fabulous beaches, mirror-like lakes, and medieval ruins. Inside the Ring of Kerry is the lesser known Skellig Ring.

What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland? - WorldAtlas What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland?
What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland?
Demographics
Geography
Religion
Economy
Demonym
International Relations
Governance
The Partitioning of Ireland
 Dublin is also the island’s most-populous city as it is home to about 1.8 million people, nearly as many people are the entire population of Northern Ireland. English is the most popular language in both countries and it is the official language in the Republic of Ireland (there is no official language in Northern Ireland). The Polish language has more speakers in the Republic of Ireland than the Irish language, something that is attributed to increased immigration of Polish people to the Republic of Ireland. Irish is on a decline in Northern Ireland where less than 4% of the population has proficient knowledge of the language. Geography
The Republic of Ireland is larger than its northern neighbor, covering an area of 27,133 square miles. In comparison, Northern Ireland occupies an area of 5,460 square miles. The island’s largest lake, Lough Neagh, which covers an area of 151 square miles is situated in Northern Ireland. The lake is also recognized as the largest lake in the British Isles. The two countries have a long land border separating them. The border was heavily patrolled in the late 20th century when Northern Ireland experienced violent internal conflict.

What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland?
What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland?
Demographics
Geography
Religion
Economy
Demonym
International Relations
Governance
The Partitioning of Ireland

Dublin is also the island’s most-populous city as it is home to about 1.8 million people, nearly as many people are the entire population of Northern Ireland. English is the most popular language in both countries and it is the official language in the Republic of Ireland (there is no official language in Northern Ireland). The Polish language has more speakers in the Republic of Ireland than the Irish language, something that is attributed to increased immigration of Polish people to the Republic of Ireland. Irish is on a decline in Northern Ireland where less than 4% of the population has proficient knowledge of the language. Geography
The Republic of Ireland is larger than its northern neighbor, covering an area of 27,133 square miles. In comparison, Northern Ireland occupies an area of 5,460 square miles. The island’s largest lake, Lough Neagh, which covers an area of 151 square miles is situated in Northern Ireland. The lake is also recognized as the largest lake in the British Isles. The two countries have a long land border separating them. The border was heavily patrolled in the late 20th century when Northern Ireland experienced violent internal conflict.

List of flags used in Northern Ireland - Wikipedia List of flags used in Northern Ireland
List of flags used in Northern Ireland
Contents
Official flags
Current
Former
Local government flags
University flags
Others
GAA colours
Timeline
See also
References
 Since 1998
The flag of the Northern Ireland Assembly. Former
Flag
Date
Use
Description

1780s
St. Patrick's Saltire, also known as the Cross of St Patrick, after the patron saint of Ireland. The flag appears within the Union Flag now the official flag of the United Kingdom. It is used by some Unionists, the Church of Ireland and is incorporated into symbols and emblems of various organisations and bodies throughout Ireland. A red saltire on a white field. 1801–1922
Flag of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
A Union Jack defaced with the Coat of arms of Ireland . 1922–1973
Personal flag of the Governor of Northern Ireland. A Union Jack defaced with the Coat of arms of Northern Ireland . 1924–1953
The Ulster Banner, officially known as the Northern Ireland flag (1924–1953)

1953–1972
The Ulster Banner, officially known as the Northern Ireland flag, was the flag of the former Government of Northern Ireland. It is used by the unionist community but no longer has any official status, although several sporting organisations such as FIFA, the Commonwealth Games Federation and the PGA Tour and media organisations such as ESPN currently use the flag to represent teams and athletes from Northern Ireland.

List of flags used in Northern Ireland - Wikipedia

List of flags used in Northern Ireland
List of flags used in Northern Ireland
Contents
Official flags
Current
Former
Local government flags
University flags
Others
GAA colours
Timeline
See also
References

Since 1998
The flag of the Northern Ireland Assembly. Former
Flag
Date
Use
Description

1780s
St. Patrick's Saltire, also known as the Cross of St Patrick, after the patron saint of Ireland. The flag appears within the Union Flag now the official flag of the United Kingdom. It is used by some Unionists, the Church of Ireland and is incorporated into symbols and emblems of various organisations and bodies throughout Ireland. A red saltire on a white field. 1801–1922
Flag of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland
A Union Jack defaced with the Coat of arms of Ireland . 1922–1973
Personal flag of the Governor of Northern Ireland. A Union Jack defaced with the Coat of arms of Northern Ireland . 1924–1953
The Ulster Banner, officially known as the Northern Ireland flag (1924–1953)

1953–1972
The Ulster Banner, officially known as the Northern Ireland flag, was the flag of the former Government of Northern Ireland. It is used by the unionist community but no longer has any official status, although several sporting organisations such as FIFA, the Commonwealth Games Federation and the PGA Tour and media organisations such as ESPN currently use the flag to represent teams and athletes from Northern Ireland.

Ireland–NATO relations - Wikipedia Ireland–NATO relations
Ireland–NATO relations
Contents
Recent history of NATO–Ireland relations
Potential accession of Ireland to NATO
US military stopovers in Ireland
Defending Irish airspace
Agreements with the UK on air defence
Ireland's foreign relations with NATO member states
See also
References
External links
 Former Secretary General of NATO Anders Fogh Rasmussen said during a visit to Dublin in 2013 that the "door is open" for Ireland to join NATO at any time, saying that the country would be "warmly welcomed" and is already viewed as a "very important partner". In January 2015, the British and Irish governments signed their first mutual defence agreement, a historic Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) deepening defence collaboration in the future. Ireland's military is a member of the EU Battlegroups, as part of the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) of the European Union (EU), of which a majority of member states are NATO members. US military stopovers in Ireland
Ireland's air facilities are regularly used by the United States military for the transit of military personnel overseas, mainly to the Middle East. The Irish government began supplying military and civilian air facilities in Ireland for use by the armed forces of the United States during the 1991 First Gulf War. Following the September 11 attacks in 2001, the Irish government offered the use of Irish airspace and airports to the US military in support of the War in Afghanistan and the 2003 invasion of Iraq, on the condition that aircraft be unarmed, with no cargo of arms, ammunition or explosives, not engage in intelligence gathering, and that the flights in question do not form part of military exercises or operations at the time. Casement Aerodrome, Baldonnel (military) and Shannon Airport (civil), used as stopover hubs, have seen more than 2.4 million American troops pass through from 2002 to 2014. An average of more than 500 US troops passed through Shannon every day during that period. US use of Baldonnel and Shannon has been the subject of controversy in Ireland due to revelations in December 2005 by the BBC investigative television programme Newsnight that Shannon Airport was used on at least 33 occasions for secret Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) flights, operated by front companies, as part of a US government policy known as " extraordinary rendition ". The New York Times also reported the number to be 33, though referring to "Ireland" as a whole rather than Shannon specifically, while Amnesty International alleged the number of flights to be over 50.

Ireland–NATO relations - Wikipedia

Ireland–NATO relations
Ireland–NATO relations
Contents
Recent history of NATO–Ireland relations
Potential accession of Ireland to NATO
US military stopovers in Ireland
Defending Irish airspace
Agreements with the UK on air defence
Ireland's foreign relations with NATO member states
See also
References
External links

Using my phone in Northern Ireland - O2 Community
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Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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 THIS IS NOT CUSTOMER SERVICE AND WE CAN'T ACCESS ACCOUNTS
The smallest good deed is better than the greatest intention
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on 17-09-2012 14:03
Thanks - I have a Samsung Galaxy Ace. I went into settings - network - searched networks. My options were Search Networks, Select Automatically, o2, orange, t-mobile, etc..........so I clicked on O2 uk. Hopefully that does it. There isn't actually an option for manual. Report Content
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THIS IS NOT CUSTOMER SERVICE AND WE CAN'T ACCESS ACCOUNTS
The smallest good deed is better than the greatest intention
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on 17-09-2012 14:03
Thanks - I have a Samsung Galaxy Ace. I went into settings - network - searched networks. My options were Search Networks, Select Automatically, o2, orange, t-mobile, etc..........so I clicked on O2 uk. Hopefully that does it. There isn't actually an option for manual. Report Content
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Ireland Guide: Planning Your Trip Your Trip to Ireland: The Complete Guide
Your Trip to Ireland: The Complete Guide
Planning Your Trip
Things to Do
What to Eat and Drink
Where to Stay
Getting There
Culture and Customs
Money-Saving Tips
 However, you will see signs in both English and Irish as you travel. English is spoken in Northern Ireland, as well. Currency: The Republic of Ireland uses the Euro, while in Northern Ireland the currency is the Pound sterling 2 . Credit cards are widely accepted but some smaller businesses will still only accept cash so it is a good idea to carry some cash at all times. Getting Around: If you plan to stick to the capital cities of Dublin and Belfast, there is little need for a car. Both cities are compact enough to explore on foot and Dublin has a good public transportation system. Major towns are well connected by private coach bus, but it is a good idea to hire a car if you want to see rural Ireland or crave a bit of flexibility in your schedule. Keep in mind that Ireland drives on the left and automatic cars are fairly rare, so book your rental car ahead of time if you plan to road trip around the Emerald Isle. Travel Tip:

Ireland Guide: Planning Your Trip

Your Trip to Ireland: The Complete Guide
Your Trip to Ireland: The Complete Guide
Planning Your Trip
Things to Do
What to Eat and Drink
Where to Stay
Getting There
Culture and Customs
Money-Saving Tips

However, you will see signs in both English and Irish as you travel. English is spoken in Northern Ireland, as well. Currency: The Republic of Ireland uses the Euro, while in Northern Ireland the currency is the Pound sterling 2 . Credit cards are widely accepted but some smaller businesses will still only accept cash so it is a good idea to carry some cash at all times. Getting Around: If you plan to stick to the capital cities of Dublin and Belfast, there is little need for a car. Both cities are compact enough to explore on foot and Dublin has a good public transportation system. Major towns are well connected by private coach bus, but it is a good idea to hire a car if you want to see rural Ireland or crave a bit of flexibility in your schedule. Keep in mind that Ireland drives on the left and automatic cars are fairly rare, so book your rental car ahead of time if you plan to road trip around the Emerald Isle. Travel Tip:

16 surprising facts about Ireland you probably didn't know | Skyscanner Ireland 16 surprising facts about Ireland you probably didn’t know
16 surprising facts about Ireland you probably didn’t know
Think you're an expert on Irish history, geography and drinking habits? Think again! Swot up on some perfect weekly pub quiz facts and check out these 16 surprising tidbits.
Search for flights within Ireland
16 surprising facts about Ireland you probably didn’t know
1. Being drunk in public is an offence
2. St. Patrick wasn’t Irish
Book a hotel in Ireland
3. Nigerians drink more Guinness than the Irish
4. There were never any snakes in Ireland
5. More Irish live outside of Ireland than in
6. English is not the first language of Ireland
7. Ireland was the Titanic’s last port of call
8. Gay marriage is legal in Ireland
9. Wild Atlantic Way is the longest coastal driving route in the world
Find cheap flights within Ireland
10. Argentina ‘s Navy was founded by an Irishman
11. The Irish flag was inspired by the French
12. The shamrock is not the national symbol of Ireland
13. Wet summers are no myth
14. Halloween originated in Ireland
Find a hotel in Ireland
15. St. Valentine’s ashes are buried in Ireland
16. Ireland is home to the oldest Yacht Club in the world
Find a hotel in Cork
Find cheap flights within Ireland
16 surprising facts about Ireland you probably didn’t know
Looking for more travel inspiration about Ireland? Check out these articles:
Ireland’s most beautiful beaches
Lakes in Ireland: 8 of the best lakes in Ireland for activities in 2019
Best for film: Visit Ireland’s star locations
 For a country that only legalised the sale of condoms in 1978 and divorce in 1997, it is incredible to see such positive and forward-thinking movements. 9. Wild Atlantic Way is the longest coastal driving route in the world
The Wild Atlantic Way, a stunning drive that stretches all the way from the cliffs around County Donegal, in the far north of Ireland, all the way down to the beaches of County Cork, is the ‘longest defined coastal driving route in the world’. The 2,500 km route passes through nine counties and three provinces, can you name them all? If you’re planning on driving this famous route then make sure you build in some time at Ireland’s top surf spots along the way. Find cheap flights within Ireland
10. Argentina ‘s Navy was founded by an Irishman
The Irish have made their way to the far corners of the world in the past, and Admiral William Brown is a great example of Irish accomplishments abroad. Brown was creator and first admiral of the Argentine Navy. He is today hailed as a hero in Argentina for his attempts to successfully protect the country from the Spanish invaders. 11.

16 surprising facts about Ireland you probably didn't know | Skyscanner Ireland

16 surprising facts about Ireland you probably didn’t know
16 surprising facts about Ireland you probably didn’t know
Think you're an expert on Irish history, geography and drinking habits? Think again! Swot up on some perfect weekly pub quiz facts and check out these 16 surprising tidbits.
Search for flights within Ireland
16 surprising facts about Ireland you probably didn’t know
1. Being drunk in public is an offence
2. St. Patrick wasn’t Irish
Book a hotel in Ireland
3. Nigerians drink more Guinness than the Irish
4. There were never any snakes in Ireland
5. More Irish live outside of Ireland than in
6. English is not the first language of Ireland
7. Ireland was the Titanic’s last port of call
8. Gay marriage is legal in Ireland
9. Wild Atlantic Way is the longest coastal driving route in the world
Find cheap flights within Ireland
10. Argentina ‘s Navy was founded by an Irishman
11. The Irish flag was inspired by the French
12. The shamrock is not the national symbol of Ireland
13. Wet summers are no myth
14. Halloween originated in Ireland
Find a hotel in Ireland
15. St. Valentine’s ashes are buried in Ireland
16. Ireland is home to the oldest Yacht Club in the world
Find a hotel in Cork
Find cheap flights within Ireland
16 surprising facts about Ireland you probably didn’t know
Looking for more travel inspiration about Ireland? Check out these articles:
Ireland’s most beautiful beaches
Lakes in Ireland: 8 of the best lakes in Ireland for activities in 2019
Best for film: Visit Ireland’s star locations

For a country that only legalised the sale of condoms in 1978 and divorce in 1997, it is incredible to see such positive and forward-thinking movements. 9. Wild Atlantic Way is the longest coastal driving route in the world
The Wild Atlantic Way, a stunning drive that stretches all the way from the cliffs around County Donegal, in the far north of Ireland, all the way down to the beaches of County Cork, is the ‘longest defined coastal driving route in the world’. The 2,500 km route passes through nine counties and three provinces, can you name them all? If you’re planning on driving this famous route then make sure you build in some time at Ireland’s top surf spots along the way. Find cheap flights within Ireland
10. Argentina ‘s Navy was founded by an Irishman
The Irish have made their way to the far corners of the world in the past, and Admiral William Brown is a great example of Irish accomplishments abroad. Brown was creator and first admiral of the Argentine Navy. He is today hailed as a hero in Argentina for his attempts to successfully protect the country from the Spanish invaders. 11.

Best sat navs for 2021 - Confused.com Best sat navs for 2021
Best sat navs for 2021
These sat navs will get you from A to B with no fuss.
Compare car insurance quotes
Garmin Drive 51LMT-S
Key features:
TomTom GO Basic
Key features:
TomTom GO Premium
Key features:
OHREX Navigation assistant
Key features:
NAVPAL Slimline
Key features:
Key features summary
 no
Screen size: 7”
4 stars out of 5 (based on 1,259 Amazon ratings)
Check prices for the NAVPAL slimline on Amazon
The high-definition touchscreen on the NAVPAL is by far its most useful feature. Even in bright sunlight, you’ll still be able to see where you’re going. Like the OHREX system, the NAVPAL is versatile, so you can use it in most vehicles. It also provides lane guidance and accurate travel times, so you can be sure you’ll reach your destination on time. It also has a points-of-interest directory. So, if you’ve taken a spontaneous road trip you can find somewhere interesting to visit in a matter of minutes. Key features summary
Sat nav
Maps
Speed camera alerts
Traffic updates
Screen size
Amazon star rating
Sat nav
Garmin Drive 51LMT-S
Maps
UK and Ireland
Speed camera alerts
Yes
Traffic updates
Yes
Screen size
5”
Amazon star rating
4.5/5
Sat nav
TomTom Go Basic
Maps
Europe
Speed camera alerts
3 months
Traffic updates
Yes
Screen size
5"
Amazon star rating
4.5/5
Sat nav
TomTom Go Premium
Maps
Worldwide
Speed camera alerts
Yes
Traffic updates
Yes
Screen size
5" or 6"
Amazon star rating
4.5/5
Sat nav
OHREX Navigation assistant
Maps
UK, Ireland, Europe and North America
Speed camera alerts
No
Traffic updates
No
Screen size
7"
Amazon star rating
4/5
Sat nav
NAVPAL Slimline
Maps
Worldwide
Speed camera alerts
Yes
Traffic updates
No
Screen size
7"
Amazon star rating
4/5
Share: Can I get a discount on car insurance with a dash cam? Our top six dashcams for 2021

Best sat navs for 2021 - Confused.com

Best sat navs for 2021
Best sat navs for 2021
These sat navs will get you from A to B with no fuss.
Compare car insurance quotes
Garmin Drive 51LMT-S
Key features:
TomTom GO Basic
Key features:
TomTom GO Premium
Key features:
OHREX Navigation assistant
Key features:
NAVPAL Slimline
Key features:
Key features summary

no
Screen size: 7”
4 stars out of 5 (based on 1,259 Amazon ratings)
Check prices for the NAVPAL slimline on Amazon
The high-definition touchscreen on the NAVPAL is by far its most useful feature. Even in bright sunlight, you’ll still be able to see where you’re going. Like the OHREX system, the NAVPAL is versatile, so you can use it in most vehicles. It also provides lane guidance and accurate travel times, so you can be sure you’ll reach your destination on time. It also has a points-of-interest directory. So, if you’ve taken a spontaneous road trip you can find somewhere interesting to visit in a matter of minutes. Key features summary
Sat nav
Maps
Speed camera alerts
Traffic updates
Screen size
Amazon star rating
Sat nav
Garmin Drive 51LMT-S
Maps
UK and Ireland
Speed camera alerts
Yes
Traffic updates
Yes
Screen size
5”
Amazon star rating
4.5/5
Sat nav
TomTom Go Basic
Maps
Europe
Speed camera alerts
3 months
Traffic updates
Yes
Screen size
5"
Amazon star rating
4.5/5
Sat nav
TomTom Go Premium
Maps
Worldwide
Speed camera alerts
Yes
Traffic updates
Yes
Screen size
5" or 6"
Amazon star rating
4.5/5
Sat nav
OHREX Navigation assistant
Maps
UK, Ireland, Europe and North America
Speed camera alerts
No
Traffic updates
No
Screen size
7"
Amazon star rating
4/5
Sat nav
NAVPAL Slimline
Maps
Worldwide
Speed camera alerts
Yes
Traffic updates
No
Screen size
7"
Amazon star rating
4/5
Share: Can I get a discount on car insurance with a dash cam? Our top six dashcams for 2021

Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
Regulation
Infrastructure
Telephone system
History
Internet
Radio and television
Infrastructure
See also
References
External links
 Infrastructure
Ireland's telecommunications network is a modern digital system connected by an extensive national fibre optic network with multiple high capacity fibre optic links to the UK, Continental Europe, North America and with dedicated capacity on routes to Asia and other parts of the globe. There is an open and competitive telecommunications market regulated by ComReg. However, the fixed-line market is still dominated by the incumbent operator Eir . Several companies operate national fibre optic networks including Eir, BT Ireland, ESB Group and Virgin Media Ireland. Eir's fibre network is the most extensive covering most parts of the country with 12,000 km of fibre routes (>40,000 km of fibres) Eir's Next Generation Network upgrade rolled out Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) which is capable of delivering up to 320 Gbit/s along a single fibre route. This upgrade also sees Eir's core infrastructure moving to an all-IP network. It has major aggregation nodes at 140 locations around Ireland and onward fibre connections to another 470 central office sites. Ireland also has major connections to multiple international fibre optic networks. 94 Irish towns and cities also have access to publicly owned, carrier-neutral metropolitan fibre networks managed by Enet. These networks can be used by any licensed Irish telecommunications operator to provide commercial or residential end users with products.

Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia

Infrastructure
Ireland's telecommunications network is a modern digital system connected by an extensive national fibre optic network with multiple high capacity fibre optic links to the UK, Continental Europe, North America and with dedicated capacity on routes to Asia and other parts of the globe. There is an open and competitive telecommunications market regulated by ComReg. However, the fixed-line market is still dominated by the incumbent operator Eir . Several companies operate national fibre optic networks including Eir, BT Ireland, ESB Group and Virgin Media Ireland. Eir's fibre network is the most extensive covering most parts of the country with 12,000 km of fibre routes (>40,000 km of fibres) Eir's Next Generation Network upgrade rolled out Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) which is capable of delivering up to 320 Gbit/s along a single fibre route. This upgrade also sees Eir's core infrastructure moving to an all-IP network. It has major aggregation nodes at 140 locations around Ireland and onward fibre connections to another 470 central office sites. Ireland also has major connections to multiple international fibre optic networks. 94 Irish towns and cities also have access to publicly owned, carrier-neutral metropolitan fibre networks managed by Enet. These networks can be used by any licensed Irish telecommunications operator to provide commercial or residential end users with products.

The Northern Ireland Protocol – Brexit – An Irish Guide The Northern Ireland Protocol
The Northern Ireland Protocol However, the UK has firmly committed not to extend the transitional period and has even written this principle into its laws. Therefore, the effective date of Brexit after which the UK is no longer subject to EU laws 11 pm 31 December 2020. The Northern Ireland Protocol was agreed between the EU and UK in October 2019. It is designed to avoid customs tariffs, customs declarations and customs controls in trade between Northern Ireland and the European Union, in particular the Republic of Ireland. Effectively Northern Ireland is subject to EU rules on customs and on the regulation of goods. The Northern Ireland Protocol necessitates checks and customs controls on goods entering Northern Ireland from Great Britain. To a lesser extent, it necessitates some controls on goods leaving Northern Ireland and going to Great Britain. The exact extent of both such checks and controls are to be agreed in an EU UK joint committee in the course of 2020. The Protocol is due to last for four years i.e. Until the end of 2024. It may be renewed successively every four years, by democratic consent in Northern Ireland.

The Northern Ireland Protocol – Brexit – An Irish Guide

The Northern Ireland Protocol
The Northern Ireland Protocol

However, the UK has firmly committed not to extend the transitional period and has even written this principle into its laws. Therefore, the effective date of Brexit after which the UK is no longer subject to EU laws 11 pm 31 December 2020. The Northern Ireland Protocol was agreed between the EU and UK in October 2019. It is designed to avoid customs tariffs, customs declarations and customs controls in trade between Northern Ireland and the European Union, in particular the Republic of Ireland. Effectively Northern Ireland is subject to EU rules on customs and on the regulation of goods. The Northern Ireland Protocol necessitates checks and customs controls on goods entering Northern Ireland from Great Britain. To a lesser extent, it necessitates some controls on goods leaving Northern Ireland and going to Great Britain. The exact extent of both such checks and controls are to be agreed in an EU UK joint committee in the course of 2020. The Protocol is due to last for four years i.e. Until the end of 2024. It may be renewed successively every four years, by democratic consent in Northern Ireland.

Driving in Ireland: What You Need to Know Driving in Ireland
Driving in Ireland
Driving Requirements
Checklist for Driving in Ireland:
Rules of the Road
Automatic vs. Stick Shift Driving
Should You Rent a Car in Ireland?
 Bluetooth or handsfree devices are technically allowed but the Gardaí (police) warn that these devices are also distracting, and they will issue fines for any unsafe driving. Keep this in mind if you are planning to use your phone as a GPS for directions – and let a passenger be the navigator because the rule in Ireland is that the driver cannot touch a phone at all while operating a vehicle. Drinking and driving: Drinking and driving are taken very seriously in Ireland and few people will risk getting behind the wheel even after one drink. The legal limit to drive in Ireland is 0.5 milligrams of alcohol per milliliter of blood – which is lower than that 0.8 legal limit in many other countries. Toll roads: There are no toll roads in Northern Ireland, but they do exist in the Republic of Ireland and often cut down travel time significantly when compared to older, country roads. You will stop at toll booths to pay when entering toll roads in Ireland, with the important exception of the M50 around Dublin, which uses the eFlow Barrier System. You will pass through this system if you are traveling to or from Dublin Airport, but there are no physical toll booths. Your car's license plate will be photographed and you must remember to pay the toll online or at a designated kiosk before 8 p.m. the next day.

Driving in Ireland
Driving in Ireland
Driving Requirements
Checklist for Driving in Ireland:
Rules of the Road
Automatic vs. Stick Shift Driving
Should You Rent a Car in Ireland?

Bluetooth or handsfree devices are technically allowed but the Gardaí (police) warn that these devices are also distracting, and they will issue fines for any unsafe driving. Keep this in mind if you are planning to use your phone as a GPS for directions – and let a passenger be the navigator because the rule in Ireland is that the driver cannot touch a phone at all while operating a vehicle. Drinking and driving: Drinking and driving are taken very seriously in Ireland and few people will risk getting behind the wheel even after one drink. The legal limit to drive in Ireland is 0.5 milligrams of alcohol per milliliter of blood – which is lower than that 0.8 legal limit in many other countries. Toll roads: There are no toll roads in Northern Ireland, but they do exist in the Republic of Ireland and often cut down travel time significantly when compared to older, country roads. You will stop at toll booths to pay when entering toll roads in Ireland, with the important exception of the M50 around Dublin, which uses the eFlow Barrier System. You will pass through this system if you are traveling to or from Dublin Airport, but there are no physical toll booths. Your car's license plate will be photographed and you must remember to pay the toll online or at a designated kiosk before 8 p.m. the next day.

Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
Regulation
Infrastructure
Telephone system
History
Internet
Radio and television
Infrastructure
See also
References
External links
 The fixed-line network is now made up of multiple operators using a diverse range of digital technologies including VoIP. Ireland's first mobile telephone network, Eircell, went live in 1986 using the analogue TACS system. 2G GSM services from Eircell launched on 1 July 1993. Digifone followed in 1997, then Meteor in 2001 (having been licensed in 1998) and 3 Ireland launched its UMTS 3G-only service in 2005. 3G services launched in 2004 (Vodafone Ireland) and other networks quickly followed suit, and 4G launched in 2013 (Meteor) and is now available on most networks. Meteor was bought out by Eir in 2005 and eventually rebranded as Eir in 2017. Internet
Main article: Internet in the Republic of Ireland
Internet users: 3.6 million, 77% of the population, 70th in the world (2011); 3.0 million, 67th in the world (2009)
Dial-up subscriptions:

Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Telecommunications in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
Regulation
Infrastructure
Telephone system
History
Internet
Radio and television
Infrastructure
See also
References
External links

The fixed-line network is now made up of multiple operators using a diverse range of digital technologies including VoIP. Ireland's first mobile telephone network, Eircell, went live in 1986 using the analogue TACS system. 2G GSM services from Eircell launched on 1 July 1993. Digifone followed in 1997, then Meteor in 2001 (having been licensed in 1998) and 3 Ireland launched its UMTS 3G-only service in 2005. 3G services launched in 2004 (Vodafone Ireland) and other networks quickly followed suit, and 4G launched in 2013 (Meteor) and is now available on most networks. Meteor was bought out by Eir in 2005 and eventually rebranded as Eir in 2017. Internet
Main article: Internet in the Republic of Ireland
Internet users: 3.6 million, 77% of the population, 70th in the world (2011); 3.0 million, 67th in the world (2009)
Dial-up subscriptions:

Using my phone in Northern Ireland - O2 Community
Welcome to the O2 Community
Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Anonymous
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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on 15-07-2012 08:47
just ensue that if you get close to the border to check you are not connected to o2ie etc. So as long as your handset says o2-uk you will be fine
iPhone 11 Pro 256gb on unlimited data
iPad Pro 12.9” 2020 256gb refresh o2 family discount
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My first mobile was in 1995 a CM-R111 from sony on Cellnet. Wincanton South Somerset (Full 4g 3G 2g indoor coverage) Remember we are all customers here not customer services
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In Europe, I always manually select a network to make sure it doesn't switch over. Report Content
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on 15-07-2012 08:47
just ensue that if you get close to the border to check you are not connected to o2ie etc. So as long as your handset says o2-uk you will be fine
iPhone 11 Pro 256gb on unlimited data
iPad Pro 12.9” 2020 256gb refresh o2 family discount
Apple Watch series 4
My first mobile was in 1995 a CM-R111 from sony on Cellnet. Wincanton South Somerset (Full 4g 3G 2g indoor coverage) Remember we are all customers here not customer services
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Knock Ireland West Airport (NOC/EIKN) | Arrivals, Departures & Routes | Flightradar24 Knock Ireland West Airport
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Knock Ireland West Airport
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Knock Ireland West Airport
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Welcome to Flightradar24
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Irish passport - Wikipedia Irish passport
Irish passport
Contents
History
"Sale" of passports in 1988–1998
Increased demand following Brexit
Passport booklet
Physical appearance
Request page
Languages
Security features
Passport Card
Security features
Northern Ireland
Visa free travel
Notable cases of purported fraudulent use
Eligibility for an Irish passport
Gallery of historic images
See also
Notes
References
Further reading
External links
 amending the "request" page to drop reference to the King; and dropping the reference to the "British Commonwealth of Nations". The Secretary of State proposed that he reply to the Irish authorities in terms that "His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom greatly regrets the proposed elimination of the King's name from Éire passports; that in their view, the omission, when it comes to be known, is bound to create a bad impression in the UK and to widen the separation which Mr de Valera deplores between Éire and Northern Ireland". The Secretary of State noted in his memorandum that to "say more than this might raise questions [relating to whether or not Ireland was still in the Commonwealth] which it was the object of the statement of the 30th December 1937, to avoid". This was a reference to the communique published by Downing Street noting the adoption of the Irish Constitution, stating that in their view Ireland continued to be part of the Commonwealth and affirming the position of Northern Ireland as part of the United Kingdom. Ultimately, the Irish proceeded with their plans including that the term "Citizen of the Irish Free State and of the British Commonwealth of Nations" would be replaced with "Citizen of Ireland". This has remained the description up to present time, with current Irish passports describing the holder as a "citizen of Ireland" on the request page and giving the holder's nationality as "Éireannach/Irish" on the information page. The evolution of the physical description of the passport utilised by Irish citizens from 3 April 1924 to 1 January 1985 (when the new European passports were introduced) was one of change. Prior to the first usage of an Irish passport in 1924, Irish citizens were issued with a 32-page British Passport, which had a navy blue hardcover with an embossed British coat of arms.

Irish passport - Wikipedia

Irish passport
Irish passport
Contents
History
"Sale" of passports in 1988–1998
Increased demand following Brexit
Passport booklet
Physical appearance
Request page
Languages
Security features
Passport Card
Security features
Northern Ireland
Visa free travel
Notable cases of purported fraudulent use
Eligibility for an Irish passport
Gallery of historic images
See also
Notes
References
Further reading
External links

Lough Neagh - Wikipedia Lough Neagh
Lough Neagh
Contents
Geography
Geology
Hydrology
Islands and peninsulas
Towns and villages
Counties
Local government districts
Management
Uses
Water supply
Navigation
Bird watching
Flora
Fishing
Human history
Name
Mythology and folklore
Modern times
Gallery
See also
References
Further reading
External links
 In 2012, it was reported that the Earl is considering transferring ownership of the Lough to the Northern Ireland Assembly. Navigation
Traditional working boats on Lough Neagh include wide-beamed 4.9-to-6.4-metre (16 to 21 ft) clinker-built, sprit-rigged working boats and smaller flat-bottomed "cots" and "flats". Barges, here called "lighters", were used until the 1940s to transport coal over the lough and adjacent canals. Until the 17th century, log boats ( coití) were the main means of transport. Few traditional boats are left now, but a community-based group on the southern shore of the lough is rebuilding a series of working boats. In the 19th century, three canals were constructed, using the lough to link various ports and cities: the Lagan Navigation provided a link from the city of Belfast, the Newry Canal linked to the port of Newry, and the Ulster Canal led to the Lough Erne navigations, providing a navigable inland route via the River Shannon to Limerick, Dublin and Waterford. The Lower Bann was also navigable to Coleraine and the Antrim coast, and the short Coalisland Canal provided a route for coal transportation. Of these waterways, only the Lower Bann remains open today, although a restoration plan for the Ulster Canal is currently in progress. Lough Neagh Rescue provides a search and rescue service 24 hours a day and has 3 stations, situated around the lough.

Lough Neagh - Wikipedia

Lough Neagh
Lough Neagh
Contents
Geography
Geology
Hydrology
Islands and peninsulas
Towns and villages
Counties
Local government districts
Management
Uses
Water supply
Navigation
Bird watching
Flora
Fishing
Human history
Name
Mythology and folklore
Modern times
Gallery
See also
References
Further reading
External links

In 2012, it was reported that the Earl is considering transferring ownership of the Lough to the Northern Ireland Assembly. Navigation
Traditional working boats on Lough Neagh include wide-beamed 4.9-to-6.4-metre (16 to 21 ft) clinker-built, sprit-rigged working boats and smaller flat-bottomed "cots" and "flats". Barges, here called "lighters", were used until the 1940s to transport coal over the lough and adjacent canals. Until the 17th century, log boats ( coití) were the main means of transport. Few traditional boats are left now, but a community-based group on the southern shore of the lough is rebuilding a series of working boats. In the 19th century, three canals were constructed, using the lough to link various ports and cities: the Lagan Navigation provided a link from the city of Belfast, the Newry Canal linked to the port of Newry, and the Ulster Canal led to the Lough Erne navigations, providing a navigable inland route via the River Shannon to Limerick, Dublin and Waterford. The Lower Bann was also navigable to Coleraine and the Antrim coast, and the short Coalisland Canal provided a route for coal transportation. Of these waterways, only the Lower Bann remains open today, although a restoration plan for the Ulster Canal is currently in progress. Lough Neagh Rescue provides a search and rescue service 24 hours a day and has 3 stations, situated around the lough.

30 Types of Navigation Equipment and Resources Use Onboard Modern Ships 30 Types of Navigation Equipment and Resources Used Onboard Modern Ships
30 Types of Navigation Equipment and Resources Used Onboard Modern Ships
1. Gyro Compass
Read more about Gyro Compass here
2. Radar
3. Magnetic Compass
4. Auto Pilot
5. ARPA
6. Automatic Tracking Aid
7. Speed & Distance Log Device
8. Echo Sounder
9. Electronic Chart Display Information System
10. Automatic Identification system
11. Long Range Tracking and Identification (LRIT) System
12. Rudder Angle Indicator
13. Voyage Data Recorder
14. Rate of turn indicator
15. GPS Receiver
16. Sound Reception System
17. Navigational Lights
18. Ship Whistle
19. Daylight Signalling Lamp
20. Pilot Card
21. Voyage Plan
22. Forecastle Bell
23. Manoeuvring Booklet
24. Black Ball Shape
25. Record of Navigation Activities
26. Record of Maintenance of Navigational Equipment
27. Wheelhouse Posters
28. Transmitting Heading Devise
29. Black Diamond Shape
30. Ship Flags
 With the use of the electronic navigation equipment, it has become easier for a ship’s navigating crew to pinpoint locations, and attaining directions are easier than before. Read more about ECDIS here. Related Read: Pros and Cons of ECDIS Or Paperless Navigation Of Ships
10. Automatic Identification system
AIS is also among the types of a navigation system which helps to pinpoint the location and other navigational statistics of ships. AIS uses VHF radio channels as transmitters and receivers to send and receive messages between ships which endeavours to fulfil a lot of responsibilities. As per the regulation enforced by The International Maritime Organisation (IMO), all passengers’ vessels and commercial ships over 299 Gross Tonnage (GT) sailing in the international to carry a Class A AIS transponder. Read more about AIS here. Related Read: Download:

30 Types of Navigation Equipment and Resources Use Onboard Modern Ships

30 Types of Navigation Equipment and Resources Used Onboard Modern Ships
30 Types of Navigation Equipment and Resources Used Onboard Modern Ships
1. Gyro Compass
Read more about Gyro Compass here
2. Radar
3. Magnetic Compass
4. Auto Pilot
5. ARPA
6. Automatic Tracking Aid
7. Speed & Distance Log Device
8. Echo Sounder
9. Electronic Chart Display Information System
10. Automatic Identification system
11. Long Range Tracking and Identification (LRIT) System
12. Rudder Angle Indicator
13. Voyage Data Recorder
14. Rate of turn indicator
15. GPS Receiver
16. Sound Reception System
17. Navigational Lights
18. Ship Whistle
19. Daylight Signalling Lamp
20. Pilot Card
21. Voyage Plan
22. Forecastle Bell
23. Manoeuvring Booklet
24. Black Ball Shape
25. Record of Navigation Activities
26. Record of Maintenance of Navigational Equipment
27. Wheelhouse Posters
28. Transmitting Heading Devise
29. Black Diamond Shape
30. Ship Flags

With the use of the electronic navigation equipment, it has become easier for a ship’s navigating crew to pinpoint locations, and attaining directions are easier than before. Read more about ECDIS here. Related Read: Pros and Cons of ECDIS Or Paperless Navigation Of Ships
10. Automatic Identification system
AIS is also among the types of a navigation system which helps to pinpoint the location and other navigational statistics of ships. AIS uses VHF radio channels as transmitters and receivers to send and receive messages between ships which endeavours to fulfil a lot of responsibilities. As per the regulation enforced by The International Maritime Organisation (IMO), all passengers’ vessels and commercial ships over 299 Gross Tonnage (GT) sailing in the international to carry a Class A AIS transponder. Read more about AIS here. Related Read: Download:

Northern Ireland Protocol - Wikipedia Northern Ireland Protocol
Northern Ireland Protocol
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Contents
Historical context
Negotiation
Irish backstop
Attempted changes
New deal agreed
Provisions
Starting position
Level playing field provisions
Customs territory
Unilateral exit mechanism
Treatment of goods
European Court of Justice
Political reaction to implementation
Unionist reaction
Notwithstanding clauses
Public support for the Protocol
Implementation
Plans before Brexit
Grace period
Border control posts
Article 16
Imports from Great Britain
COVID-19 vaccinations from the EU
Criticism of the Northern Ireland Protocol
See also
Notes
References
External links
 this was refused by the EU, who wanted a legally operational solution. On 2 October, Johnson presented a potential replacement for the 2018 Irish backstop, proposing that Northern Ireland stay aligned with the EU on product standards but remain in the UK customs territory. This would necessitate product checks between Great Britain and Northern Ireland, but no customs checks for goods expected to stay within the UK. For the border between Northern Ireland and the Republic, his proposal would entail customs checks between Northern Ireland and the Republic (potentially assisted by unspecified technology implemented distantly from the border) but no product and safety standard checks within the island of Ireland. This was rejected by the EU. New deal agreed
Main article: Brexit and the Irish border § 2019 renegotiation: New protocol
On 10 October, Johnson and the Irish Taoiseach (Prime Minister) Leo Varadkar held "very positive and very promising" talks that led to a resumption in negotiations, and a week later, on 17 October, Johnson and Jean-Claude Juncker announced that they had reached agreement (subject to ratification) on a new Withdrawal Agreement which replaced the backstop with a new protocol on Northern Ireland/Republic of Ireland. In the formally negotiated Withdrawal Agreement, the 'Irish backstop' was removed, and replaced by this new protocol. The whole of the UK would leave the EU Customs Union as a single customs territory with Northern Ireland included in any future British trade agreements, but that Northern Ireland would adopt EU Single Market regulations on goods and thus remain an entry point into the EU Customs Union.

Northern Ireland Protocol - Wikipedia

Northern Ireland Protocol
Northern Ireland Protocol
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Contents
Historical context
Negotiation
Irish backstop
Attempted changes
New deal agreed
Provisions
Starting position
Level playing field provisions
Customs territory
Unilateral exit mechanism
Treatment of goods
European Court of Justice
Political reaction to implementation
Unionist reaction
Notwithstanding clauses
Public support for the Protocol
Implementation
Plans before Brexit
Grace period
Border control posts
Article 16
Imports from Great Britain
COVID-19 vaccinations from the EU
Criticism of the Northern Ireland Protocol
See also
Notes
References
External links

this was refused by the EU, who wanted a legally operational solution. On 2 October, Johnson presented a potential replacement for the 2018 Irish backstop, proposing that Northern Ireland stay aligned with the EU on product standards but remain in the UK customs territory. This would necessitate product checks between Great Britain and Northern Ireland, but no customs checks for goods expected to stay within the UK. For the border between Northern Ireland and the Republic, his proposal would entail customs checks between Northern Ireland and the Republic (potentially assisted by unspecified technology implemented distantly from the border) but no product and safety standard checks within the island of Ireland. This was rejected by the EU. New deal agreed
Main article: Brexit and the Irish border § 2019 renegotiation: New protocol
On 10 October, Johnson and the Irish Taoiseach (Prime Minister) Leo Varadkar held "very positive and very promising" talks that led to a resumption in negotiations, and a week later, on 17 October, Johnson and Jean-Claude Juncker announced that they had reached agreement (subject to ratification) on a new Withdrawal Agreement which replaced the backstop with a new protocol on Northern Ireland/Republic of Ireland. In the formally negotiated Withdrawal Agreement, the 'Irish backstop' was removed, and replaced by this new protocol. The whole of the UK would leave the EU Customs Union as a single customs territory with Northern Ireland included in any future British trade agreements, but that Northern Ireland would adopt EU Single Market regulations on goods and thus remain an entry point into the EU Customs Union.

Irish Car Rentals: Car Rental Ireland from €14/day Car Rental Ireland
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2021 Driving Routes - The best way to visit Ireland
Ireland's Ancient East
The Wild Atlantic Way
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"Staff are always very friendly and efficient. " - 18th January 2021
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 And to the ancient, Hill of Tara, to the prehistoric, like the 5000-year old tombs of Newgrange and Knowth. Ireland's Ancient East
Ireland’s Ancient East tour has no prescribed route, divided into three distinct zones, covering seventeen counties. Together, stretching from the southern border of Northern Ireland, and eastern regions to just west of Cork. With over 5,000 years of history, Boyne Valley delves into the myths, legends and prehistoric findings. Singling Ireland out as a land of magic and mystery. The Historic Heartlands focuses on the land’s medieval times, with tours and suggested routes. Taking visitors to some of the greatest heritage sites, grandest houses and castles built during the turbulent times of war and invasion. The Wild Atlantic Way
The Wild Atlantic Way is Ireland’s number one touring route, it has won ‘Best Self-Drive Holiday Destination’ Award. It is the longest coastal driving route in the world, at an astonishing 2,500 kilometers. Down along the Emerald Isle’s awe-inspiring Atlantic coast, featuring 157 discovery points, and over 1,000 attractions.

And to the ancient, Hill of Tara, to the prehistoric, like the 5000-year old tombs of Newgrange and Knowth. Ireland's Ancient East
Ireland’s Ancient East tour has no prescribed route, divided into three distinct zones, covering seventeen counties. Together, stretching from the southern border of Northern Ireland, and eastern regions to just west of Cork. With over 5,000 years of history, Boyne Valley delves into the myths, legends and prehistoric findings. Singling Ireland out as a land of magic and mystery. The Historic Heartlands focuses on the land’s medieval times, with tours and suggested routes. Taking visitors to some of the greatest heritage sites, grandest houses and castles built during the turbulent times of war and invasion. The Wild Atlantic Way
The Wild Atlantic Way is Ireland’s number one touring route, it has won ‘Best Self-Drive Holiday Destination’ Award. It is the longest coastal driving route in the world, at an astonishing 2,500 kilometers. Down along the Emerald Isle’s awe-inspiring Atlantic coast, featuring 157 discovery points, and over 1,000 attractions.

FAQs - Discover Northern Ireland FAQs
FAQs
What you need to know about visiting Northern Ireland
What is the latest travel and holiday advice?
Do I need to wear a face covering?
Who should I contact with regards to amending or cancelling my booking due to COVID-19?
Which local businesses are open in Northern Ireland?
What currency does Northern Ireland use?
Will I be able to use Euro in Northern Ireland?
What is the best time of the year to come to Northern Ireland?
What is the climate in Northern Ireland?
Is it safe to visit Northern Ireland?
Is it easy to travel to Northern Ireland?
What are the Passport and Visa requirements for entry?
Are we required to tip in restaurants?
Is Northern Ireland a good place for shopping?
Can visitors to Northern Ireland avail of tax free shopping?
Are there left luggage facilities in Belfast?
What are the useful telephone codes?
Electrical current
What happens if I require medical treatment?
Do I need extra car insurance if I bring my car to Northern Ireland?
Do I need a licence to drive a hire cruiser?
Can I bring my dog to Northern Ireland?
 The scheme is entirely voluntary so look out for the Tax Free Shopping logo before you purchase. Are there left luggage facilities in Belfast? Belfast Welcome Centre is the only place that provides this service. £3 per item for up to 4hrs, £4.50 4hrs+. Last pick up is 15 minutes before Belfast Welcome Centre closes. Telephone for further details (028) 9024 6609. What are the useful telephone codes? To call Northern Ireland from abroad, dial 00 44 + area code (without 0) + local number. To call Northern Ireland from the Republic of Ireland, dial 048 + area code (without 0) + local number. To call Northern Ireland from elsewhere in UK or to make an internal call, dial area code (with 0) + local number.

FAQs - Discover Northern Ireland

FAQs
FAQs
What you need to know about visiting Northern Ireland
What is the latest travel and holiday advice?
Do I need to wear a face covering?
Who should I contact with regards to amending or cancelling my booking due to COVID-19?
Which local businesses are open in Northern Ireland?
What currency does Northern Ireland use?
Will I be able to use Euro in Northern Ireland?
What is the best time of the year to come to Northern Ireland?
What is the climate in Northern Ireland?
Is it safe to visit Northern Ireland?
Is it easy to travel to Northern Ireland?
What are the Passport and Visa requirements for entry?
Are we required to tip in restaurants?
Is Northern Ireland a good place for shopping?
Can visitors to Northern Ireland avail of tax free shopping?
Are there left luggage facilities in Belfast?
What are the useful telephone codes?
Electrical current
What happens if I require medical treatment?
Do I need extra car insurance if I bring my car to Northern Ireland?
Do I need a licence to drive a hire cruiser?
Can I bring my dog to Northern Ireland?

The scheme is entirely voluntary so look out for the Tax Free Shopping logo before you purchase. Are there left luggage facilities in Belfast? Belfast Welcome Centre is the only place that provides this service. £3 per item for up to 4hrs, £4.50 4hrs+. Last pick up is 15 minutes before Belfast Welcome Centre closes. Telephone for further details (028) 9024 6609. What are the useful telephone codes? To call Northern Ireland from abroad, dial 00 44 + area code (without 0) + local number. To call Northern Ireland from the Republic of Ireland, dial 048 + area code (without 0) + local number. To call Northern Ireland from elsewhere in UK or to make an internal call, dial area code (with 0) + local number.

Driving in Ireland | Ireland.com
My Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Driving laws
Licence and insurance
Brexit
Toll roads
M50 eFlow Barrier System
Fuel
Speed limits
Signposts
Parking
Parking for people with disabilities
Useful links
 National roads are prefixed with an “N” (for example N18). Secondary roads may also be dual-carriageways or have two way traffic. Roads in Northern Ireland are prefixed with an "M" for motorway; an "A" and a "B" for primary and non-primary roads. Signs in the Republic of Ireland show distances in kilometers, while in Northern Ireland miles are used. Laws
Tolls
Fuel
Driving laws
We drive on the left hand side of the road in Ireland. Everyone in your vehicle (front and back) MUST wear a seat belt at all times. Riding a motorcycle? Both you and your passenger must wear helmets. Ireland has strict laws against driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs and the penalties for breaking these laws are stiff.

Driving in Ireland | Ireland.com

My Ireland
Roads in Ireland
Driving laws
Licence and insurance
Brexit
Toll roads
M50 eFlow Barrier System
Fuel
Speed limits
Signposts
Parking
Parking for people with disabilities
Useful links

National roads are prefixed with an “N” (for example N18). Secondary roads may also be dual-carriageways or have two way traffic. Roads in Northern Ireland are prefixed with an "M" for motorway; an "A" and a "B" for primary and non-primary roads. Signs in the Republic of Ireland show distances in kilometers, while in Northern Ireland miles are used. Laws
Tolls
Fuel
Driving laws
We drive on the left hand side of the road in Ireland. Everyone in your vehicle (front and back) MUST wear a seat belt at all times. Riding a motorcycle? Both you and your passenger must wear helmets. Ireland has strict laws against driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs and the penalties for breaking these laws are stiff.

Irish Car Rentals: Car Rental Ireland from €14/day Car Rental Ireland
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2021 Driving Routes - The best way to visit Ireland
Ireland's Ancient East
The Wild Atlantic Way
Car Rental Ireland | 2021 Reviews
"Staff are always very friendly and efficient. " - 18th January 2021
" Excellent " - 8th January 2021
 The Historic Heartlands focuses on the land’s medieval times, with tours and suggested routes. Taking visitors to some of the greatest heritage sites, grandest houses and castles built during the turbulent times of war and invasion. The Wild Atlantic Way
The Wild Atlantic Way is Ireland’s number one touring route, it has won ‘Best Self-Drive Holiday Destination’ Award. It is the longest coastal driving route in the world, at an astonishing 2,500 kilometers. Down along the Emerald Isle’s awe-inspiring Atlantic coast, featuring 157 discovery points, and over 1,000 attractions. A suggested route that follows the winding clifftop roads from Malin Head in Donegal right down to Kinsale in Cork. Visiting in every breath-taking sight and humbling view along the way. Of course, the Wild Atlantic Way can be covered in a matter of days. However that misses the experience of appreciating the surroundings as you visit them. Following the route, leave vibrant Cork, known as the real capital of Ireland behind and travel the Ring of Kerry.

Car Rental Ireland
Car Rental Ireland
Car hire Ireland from €14/day* with Irish Car Rentals, book directly for your car hire in Ireland.
Irish Car Rentals
Price Promise
GoCar by Europcar - 24/7 car rental, near you
Pick up a car near you, 24/7
No rental station, no waiting
Car Hire Locations Across Ireland
Car Rental Fleet
Optional Services & Products
Ireland Car Rental
Price Promise
Free Cancellation
Newsletter
2021 Driving Routes - The best way to visit Ireland
Ireland's Ancient East
The Wild Atlantic Way
Car Rental Ireland | 2021 Reviews
"Staff are always very friendly and efficient. " - 18th January 2021
" Excellent " - 8th January 2021

The Historic Heartlands focuses on the land’s medieval times, with tours and suggested routes. Taking visitors to some of the greatest heritage sites, grandest houses and castles built during the turbulent times of war and invasion. The Wild Atlantic Way
The Wild Atlantic Way is Ireland’s number one touring route, it has won ‘Best Self-Drive Holiday Destination’ Award. It is the longest coastal driving route in the world, at an astonishing 2,500 kilometers. Down along the Emerald Isle’s awe-inspiring Atlantic coast, featuring 157 discovery points, and over 1,000 attractions. A suggested route that follows the winding clifftop roads from Malin Head in Donegal right down to Kinsale in Cork. Visiting in every breath-taking sight and humbling view along the way. Of course, the Wild Atlantic Way can be covered in a matter of days. However that misses the experience of appreciating the surroundings as you visit them. Following the route, leave vibrant Cork, known as the real capital of Ireland behind and travel the Ring of Kerry.

BBC News - Northern Ireland profile Northern Ireland profile
Northern Ireland profile
Overview
Facts
Leaders
Media
Bookmark with:
 Media
Overview
Facts
Leaders
Media
Northern Ireland has three daily newspapers; two of them reflect its political divisions. Some of the UK's major dailies publish tailored editions for readers in Northern Ireland. The UK's national radio and TV networks are available alongside dedicated local services from the BBC and commercial stations. Stations from the Irish Republic are widely available; two thirds of viewers in Northern Ireland watch TV channels from the Irish Republic, according to UK broadcasting regulator Ofcom. The press
The Belfast Telegraph - daily
The Irish News - nationalist daily
News Letter - unionist daily
Television
BBC Northern Ireland
UTV - commercial
Radio
BBC Radio Ulster
BBC Radio Foyle - for north-west Northern Ireland
Downtown Radio - Belfast, commercial
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BBC News - Northern Ireland profile

Northern Ireland profile
Northern Ireland profile
Overview
Facts
Leaders
Media
Bookmark with:

Media
Overview
Facts
Leaders
Media
Northern Ireland has three daily newspapers; two of them reflect its political divisions. Some of the UK's major dailies publish tailored editions for readers in Northern Ireland. The UK's national radio and TV networks are available alongside dedicated local services from the BBC and commercial stations. Stations from the Irish Republic are widely available; two thirds of viewers in Northern Ireland watch TV channels from the Irish Republic, according to UK broadcasting regulator Ofcom. The press
The Belfast Telegraph - daily
The Irish News - nationalist daily
News Letter - unionist daily
Television
BBC Northern Ireland
UTV - commercial
Radio
BBC Radio Ulster
BBC Radio Foyle - for north-west Northern Ireland
Downtown Radio - Belfast, commercial
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Printable version
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Using my phone in Northern Ireland - O2 Community
Welcome to the O2 Community
Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Anonymous
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Anonymous
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Anonymous
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Anonymous
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Anonymous
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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on 16-09-2012 04:54
What phone do you have? It's normally in settings > network . Set to manual rather than auto and then just select O2-UK. THIS IS NOT CUSTOMER SERVICE AND WE CAN'T ACCESS ACCOUNTS
The smallest good deed is better than the greatest intention
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on 17-09-2012 14:03
Thanks - I have a Samsung Galaxy Ace. I went into settings - network - searched networks. My options were Search Networks, Select Automatically, o2, orange, t-mobile, etc..........so I clicked on O2 uk.

Welcome to the O2 Community
Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Anonymous
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland

4,270
Registered: 04-01-2009
Re: Using my phone in Northern Ireland
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on 16-09-2012 04:54
What phone do you have? It's normally in settings > network . Set to manual rather than auto and then just select O2-UK. THIS IS NOT CUSTOMER SERVICE AND WE CAN'T ACCESS ACCOUNTS
The smallest good deed is better than the greatest intention
Report Content
Message 8 of 9 (22,976 Views)
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on 17-09-2012 14:03
Thanks - I have a Samsung Galaxy Ace. I went into settings - network - searched networks. My options were Search Networks, Select Automatically, o2, orange, t-mobile, etc..........so I clicked on O2 uk.

International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities - Wikipedia International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities
International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities
Contents
Background
Main recommendations
IALA sea mark regions
Sources
See also
Notes
External links
 The combined loss of lives in these two accidents was 51 persons. Although the international agreement of 1982 implementing a harmonized buoyage system is a major achievement for IALA the Organization, through its committees carried out a lot of works in other directions resulting in innovating techniques being adopted all over the work, such as the AIS (Automatic Identification System), DGNSS (Differential Global Navigation System) and many others. Its future achievement is likely to be the implementation of the e-navigation. e-navigation does not aim at ships being electronically operated but gathering and displaying all navigation information through connected sources of information and harmonized data exchange. IALA is based near Paris in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France . Main recommendations
IALA is primarily known for the IALA Maritime Buoyage Systems or sea mark systems that are used in the pilotage of vessels at sea: Lateral marks indicate the edges of a channel. Cardinal marks indicate the direction of safe water at a dangerous spot. Safe water marks indicate the deep water and open end of a channel. Special marks indicate a special area or feature, e.g. pipe-outfall, areas of:

International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities - Wikipedia

International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities
International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities
Contents
Background
Main recommendations
IALA sea mark regions
Sources
See also
Notes
External links

The combined loss of lives in these two accidents was 51 persons. Although the international agreement of 1982 implementing a harmonized buoyage system is a major achievement for IALA the Organization, through its committees carried out a lot of works in other directions resulting in innovating techniques being adopted all over the work, such as the AIS (Automatic Identification System), DGNSS (Differential Global Navigation System) and many others. Its future achievement is likely to be the implementation of the e-navigation. e-navigation does not aim at ships being electronically operated but gathering and displaying all navigation information through connected sources of information and harmonized data exchange. IALA is based near Paris in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France . Main recommendations
IALA is primarily known for the IALA Maritime Buoyage Systems or sea mark systems that are used in the pilotage of vessels at sea: Lateral marks indicate the edges of a channel. Cardinal marks indicate the direction of safe water at a dangerous spot. Safe water marks indicate the deep water and open end of a channel. Special marks indicate a special area or feature, e.g. pipe-outfall, areas of:

Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland - Wikipedia Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
History
Driver theory test
Learner Permit
Driving licence categories
Penalty points
Gallery
See also
External links
References
 The older type licence is still valid but will be replaced by the new type upon licence renewal. From January 2014 the NDLS started to issue an electronic driving licence containing all the information relating to the licence. This provides additional security and protection against fraud. The microchip enables the licence to be read by special card readers which are managed by the Road Safety Authority and are available to the [Gardai|Police] However not all of the categories on the new licence are obtainable. An oversight in production of the licence means that category B1 appears on the driving licence in Ireland but cannot be obtained. The old licence was based on the old European format, defined in Directive 91/439/EEC, as was used in other countries in the past. It consisted of a pink tri-fold paper document, laminated on one side. It contained a photo of the driver, their personal details and home address, and a listing of categories of vehicle they are licensed for, with any restrictions printed using a code format. The unlaminated side consisted of a section for any written-in endorsements as well as a page with the term 'Driving licence' or its equivalents in a large number of languages. Former Irish Driving Licence (Currently valid but will be fully replaced by 2023)
Both learner permits and the former provisional licences are identical in format to full licences, but green in colour.

Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Driving licence in the Republic of Ireland
Contents
History
Driver theory test
Learner Permit
Driving licence categories
Penalty points
Gallery
See also
External links
References

The older type licence is still valid but will be replaced by the new type upon licence renewal. From January 2014 the NDLS started to issue an electronic driving licence containing all the information relating to the licence. This provides additional security and protection against fraud. The microchip enables the licence to be read by special card readers which are managed by the Road Safety Authority and are available to the [Gardai|Police] However not all of the categories on the new licence are obtainable. An oversight in production of the licence means that category B1 appears on the driving licence in Ireland but cannot be obtained. The old licence was based on the old European format, defined in Directive 91/439/EEC, as was used in other countries in the past. It consisted of a pink tri-fold paper document, laminated on one side. It contained a photo of the driver, their personal details and home address, and a listing of categories of vehicle they are licensed for, with any restrictions printed using a code format. The unlaminated side consisted of a section for any written-in endorsements as well as a page with the term 'Driving licence' or its equivalents in a large number of languages. Former Irish Driving Licence (Currently valid but will be fully replaced by 2023)
Both learner permits and the former provisional licences are identical in format to full licences, but green in colour.

Northern Ireland - Wikipedia Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Contents
History
Home Rule Crisis
Partition of Ireland
1925–1965
The Troubles
Peace process
Politics
Background
Governance
Descriptions
Alternative names
Unionist
Nationalist
Other
Geography and climate
Counties
Cities and major towns
Economy
Transport
Demographics
Religion
Citizenship and identity
Languages
English
Irish
Ulster Scots
Sign languages
Culture
Symbols
Sport
Field sports
Association football
Rugby union
Cricket
Gaelic games
Golf
Snooker
Motorsport
Motorcycle racing
Motor racing
Rugby league
Ice hockey
Professional wrestling
Education
Wildlife
Media and communications
See also
Notes
References
Further reading
External links
 The Ulster Banner is still used by some organisations and entities and has been adopted as an unofficial flag of the region by unionists but its use is controversial. See Northern Ireland flags issue for more. ^ Northern Ireland has no official language. English serves as the de facto language of government and diplomacy and is the de jure language of legal proceedings. Irish and Ulster Scots are officially recognised by Her Majesty's Government as minority languages. ^ +44 is always followed by 28 when calling landlines. The code is 028 within the UK and 048 from the Republic of Ireland where it is treated as a domestic call. The traditional counties of Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann [ˈt̪ˠu͜əʃkʲəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] ( listen); Ulster-Scots:

Northern Ireland - Wikipedia

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland
Contents
History
Home Rule Crisis
Partition of Ireland
1925–1965
The Troubles
Peace process
Politics
Background
Governance
Descriptions
Alternative names
Unionist
Nationalist
Other
Geography and climate
Counties
Cities and major towns
Economy
Transport
Demographics
Religion
Citizenship and identity
Languages
English
Irish
Ulster Scots
Sign languages
Culture
Symbols
Sport
Field sports
Association football
Rugby union
Cricket
Gaelic games
Golf
Snooker
Motorsport
Motorcycle racing
Motor racing
Rugby league
Ice hockey
Professional wrestling
Education
Wildlife
Media and communications
See also
Notes
References
Further reading
External links

The Ulster Banner is still used by some organisations and entities and has been adopted as an unofficial flag of the region by unionists but its use is controversial. See Northern Ireland flags issue for more. ^ Northern Ireland has no official language. English serves as the de facto language of government and diplomacy and is the de jure language of legal proceedings. Irish and Ulster Scots are officially recognised by Her Majesty's Government as minority languages. ^ +44 is always followed by 28 when calling landlines. The code is 028 within the UK and 048 from the Republic of Ireland where it is treated as a domestic call. The traditional counties of Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland ( Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann [ˈt̪ˠu͜əʃkʲəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] ( listen); Ulster-Scots:

Northern Ireland vs Republic of Ireland - Difference and Comparison | Diffen Northern Ireland vs. Republic of Ireland
Northern Ireland vs. Republic of Ireland
Comparison chart
Northern Ireland
Republic of Ireland
References
 It is variously described as a country, province, or region of the UK. Ireland), described as the Republic of Ireland (Irish: Poblacht na hÉireann), is a sovereign state in Europe occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. Currency
Pound sterling (GBP)
Euro (€) (EUR)
Government
Consociational devolved government within a constitutional monarchy
Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
Time zone
GMT (UTC+0)
WET (UTC+0)
Languages
English, Irish, Ulster Scots
English, Irish
Calling code
+44
+353
Legislature
Northern Ireland Assembly
Oireachtas
Drives on the
left
left
Internet TLD
.uk, .ie, .eu
.ie
Demonym
Northern Irish, Irish, British
Irish
Date format
dd/mm/yyyy (AD)
dd/mm/yyyy
Flag
Union Flag
Tricolour
a.
Northern Ireland has no official language. The use of English has been established through precedent. Irish and Ulster Scots are officially recognised minority languages
^ Article 4 of the Constitution of Ireland declares that the name of the state is Ireland; Section 2 of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 declares that Republic of Ireland is "the description of the State". b.
^ .uk is assigned to the United Kingdom of which Northern Ireland is a part, .ie is assigned to Ireland of which Northern Ireland is a part, and .eu is assigned to the European Union of which Northern Ireland is a part. ISO 3166-1 is GB, but .gb is u
^ The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states. Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland was established as a political entity in 1921 from six counties in the northern Province of Ulster who wished to retain their political unity with Great Britain, which is a neighboring island comprising England, Scotland and Wales.

Northern Ireland vs Republic of Ireland - Difference and Comparison | Diffen

Northern Ireland vs. Republic of Ireland
Northern Ireland vs. Republic of Ireland
Comparison chart
Northern Ireland
Republic of Ireland
References

Map of Ireland, Ireland Map, Google Maps Ireland, Map Ireland, Google Map of Ireland, Geography Map of Ireland, Interesting Facts about Ireland Geography Map of Ireland
Geography Map of Ireland Map of Ireland, Ireland Map, Google Maps Ireland, Map Ireland, Google Map of Ireland, Geography Map of Ireland, Interesting Facts about Ireland

Geography Map of Ireland
Ireland is an island in western Europe, surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea (which separates Ireland from Great Britain). It is the 20th largest island in the world. Ireland has a land mass of 84,420 km² (32,595 mi²) and is dish shaped with the coastal areas being mountainous and the midlands low and flat. Historically divided into four provinces, Ireland is further subdivided into 32 counties. Ireland is famous for its unpredictable and often wet weather which varies from being hot one day, cold the next, sunny one hour and showers the next. This is caused by Ireland's weather convergence meaning the island is hit by three weather systems at once. Cold air blasts it from the North Pole, Asia contributes warm, dry winds and the Gulf Stream provides the rain. Below is a google map showing some of the main geographical features of Ireland. Activate map

Map of Ireland, Ireland Map, Google Maps Ireland, Map Ireland, Google Map of Ireland, Geography Map of Ireland, Interesting Facts about Ireland

Geography Map of Ireland
Geography Map of Ireland

Map of Ireland, Ireland Map, Google Maps Ireland, Map Ireland, Google Map of Ireland, Geography Map of Ireland, Interesting Facts about Ireland

Geography Map of Ireland
Ireland is an island in western Europe, surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea (which separates Ireland from Great Britain). It is the 20th largest island in the world. Ireland has a land mass of 84,420 km² (32,595 mi²) and is dish shaped with the coastal areas being mountainous and the midlands low and flat. Historically divided into four provinces, Ireland is further subdivided into 32 counties. Ireland is famous for its unpredictable and often wet weather which varies from being hot one day, cold the next, sunny one hour and showers the next. This is caused by Ireland's weather convergence meaning the island is hit by three weather systems at once. Cold air blasts it from the North Pole, Asia contributes warm, dry winds and the Gulf Stream provides the rain. Below is a google map showing some of the main geographical features of Ireland. Activate map

Rail transport in Ireland - Wikipedia Rail transport in Ireland
Rail transport in Ireland
Contents
History
Rolling stock
Locomotives
Multiple units
Iarnród Éireann railcars
Iarnród Éireann commuter railcars
NIR railcars
Coaching stock
Mark 4 carriages
Enterprise services
Previous stock
Passenger services
Republic of Ireland InterCity routes
Dublin to Cork
Dublin to Limerick
Dublin to Galway
Dublin to Tralee
Dublin to Waterford
Dublin to Westport/Ballina
Dublin to Gorey/Rosslare Europort
Dublin to Sligo
Cork to Tralee
Limerick to Waterford
Limerick–Ennis–Galway
Republic of Ireland commuter routes
Dublin Suburban Rail
Mallow to Cork
Cóbh to Cork
Midleton to Cork
Galway to Athenry
Limerick to Ennis
Limerick to Nenagh and Ballybrophy
Waterford to Rosslare (closed)
Northern Ireland routes
Belfast suburban
Belfast to Derry
Coleraine to Portrush
Belfast to Larne Harbour
Cross-border routes
Belfast–Dublin and Dublin–Belfast
Freight
Rail interest groups and museums
Heritage rail operators
Heritage rail bodies
Heritage railways
Interest and record groups
Museums
Rail stock as premises
Former heritage railways and interest groups
Heritage railways
Other organisations
Planned and potential developments
Routes
Western Rail Corridor
Heavy rail to Navan
DART and DART Underground
Foynes Port
Dublin Metro
Luas
Northern Ireland Railways
West Clare Railway
HSL Ireland
Station changes
Rolling stock
See also
References
External links
 The 071 class are now used on freight services. NIR's three similar locomotives are numbered 111, 112 and 113. There is seldom more than one of these serviceable at a time. Multiple units
Main article: Multiple Units of Ireland
NIR and IÉ both run suburban services using diesel multiple units (DMUs) – these are termed railcars in Ireland (see rail terminology ). Iarnród Éireann railcars
Class
Image
Type
Top speed
Number
Routes operated
Built
mph
km/h
2600 Class

Diesel
multiple
unit
70
110
8
Mallow–Cork–Cóbh
Mallow–Tralee (Sundays only)
Cóbh–Midleton
1993
2800 Class

75
120
8
Limerick–Waterford
Limerick shuttle
Limerick–Ennis
Limerick–Galway
Mallow–Tralee
Ballina–Manulla Junction
2000
29000 Class

75
120
29
Dublin–Maynooth
Dublin–Drogheda/Dundalk
Dublin–M3 Parkway
Dublin–Maynooth/Longford
Dublin–Rosslare Europort
2002–2005
22000 Class

100
160
28 3-car
25 4-car
10 5-car sets
Dublin–Newbridge/Kildare/Port Laoise
Dublin–Cork
Dublin–Maynooth/M3 Parkway/Longford/Sligo
Dublin–Rosslare/Galway/Westport
Dublin–Dundalk
Limerick shuttle
Tralee shuttle
2007–2012
IÉ DMUs operate all InterCity services apart from Dublin to Cork and Dublin to Belfast (one service per week from Dublin Connolly to Belfast and back is Railcar). Iarnród Éireann 22000 Class InterCity Railcars
There are 234 22000 Class carriages in total, being formed into the following sets: Ten 5-car sets – Each set includes a 1st Class Carriage and a Dining Carriage. They are used on key InterCity services between Dublin and Limerick, Galway, Waterford, Westport and Tralee. Twenty-five 4-car sets – These mostly operate on their own or with a 3-car unit.

Rail transport in Ireland - Wikipedia

Rail transport in Ireland
Rail transport in Ireland
Contents
History
Rolling stock
Locomotives
Multiple units
Iarnród Éireann railcars
Iarnród Éireann commuter railcars
NIR railcars
Coaching stock
Mark 4 carriages
Enterprise services
Previous stock
Passenger services
Republic of Ireland InterCity routes
Dublin to Cork
Dublin to Limerick
Dublin to Galway
Dublin to Tralee
Dublin to Waterford
Dublin to Westport/Ballina
Dublin to Gorey/Rosslare Europort
Dublin to Sligo
Cork to Tralee
Limerick to Waterford
Limerick–Ennis–Galway
Republic of Ireland commuter routes
Dublin Suburban Rail
Mallow to Cork
Cóbh to Cork
Midleton to Cork
Galway to Athenry
Limerick to Ennis
Limerick to Nenagh and Ballybrophy
Waterford to Rosslare (closed)
Northern Ireland routes
Belfast suburban
Belfast to Derry
Coleraine to Portrush
Belfast to Larne Harbour
Cross-border routes
Belfast–Dublin and Dublin–Belfast
Freight
Rail interest groups and museums
Heritage rail operators
Heritage rail bodies
Heritage railways
Interest and record groups
Museums
Rail stock as premises
Former heritage railways and interest groups
Heritage railways
Other organisations
Planned and potential developments
Routes
Western Rail Corridor
Heavy rail to Navan
DART and DART Underground
Foynes Port
Dublin Metro
Luas
Northern Ireland Railways
West Clare Railway
HSL Ireland
Station changes
Rolling stock
See also
References
External links

The 071 class are now used on freight services. NIR's three similar locomotives are numbered 111, 112 and 113. There is seldom more than one of these serviceable at a time. Multiple units
Main article: Multiple Units of Ireland
NIR and IÉ both run suburban services using diesel multiple units (DMUs) – these are termed railcars in Ireland (see rail terminology ). Iarnród Éireann railcars
Class
Image
Type
Top speed
Number
Routes operated
Built
mph
km/h
2600 Class

Diesel
multiple
unit
70
110
8
Mallow–Cork–Cóbh
Mallow–Tralee (Sundays only)
Cóbh–Midleton
1993
2800 Class

75
120
8
Limerick–Waterford
Limerick shuttle
Limerick–Ennis
Limerick–Galway
Mallow–Tralee
Ballina–Manulla Junction
2000
29000 Class

75
120
29
Dublin–Maynooth
Dublin–Drogheda/Dundalk
Dublin–M3 Parkway
Dublin–Maynooth/Longford
Dublin–Rosslare Europort
2002–2005
22000 Class

100
160
28 3-car
25 4-car
10 5-car sets
Dublin–Newbridge/Kildare/Port Laoise
Dublin–Cork
Dublin–Maynooth/M3 Parkway/Longford/Sligo
Dublin–Rosslare/Galway/Westport
Dublin–Dundalk
Limerick shuttle
Tralee shuttle
2007–2012
IÉ DMUs operate all InterCity services apart from Dublin to Cork and Dublin to Belfast (one service per week from Dublin Connolly to Belfast and back is Railcar). Iarnród Éireann 22000 Class InterCity Railcars
There are 234 22000 Class carriages in total, being formed into the following sets: Ten 5-car sets – Each set includes a 1st Class Carriage and a Dining Carriage. They are used on key InterCity services between Dublin and Limerick, Galway, Waterford, Westport and Tralee. Twenty-five 4-car sets – These mostly operate on their own or with a 3-car unit.

How Pilots Use Air Navigation to Fly
How Pilots Use Air Navigation to Fly
Dead Reckoning and Pilotage
Radio Navigation Methods for Aircraft
Automatic Direction Finder and Nondirectional Radio Beacon
VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR)
Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
GPS Navigation
How Pilots Use NAVAIDS
 Basic navigation is taught in the early stages of flight training. In instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) or while flying IFR, a pilot will need to rely on cockpit instruments, such as a VOR or GPS system. Because flying in the clouds and navigating with these instruments can be tricky, a pilot must earn an FAA Instrument Rating to fly in IMC conditions legally. Currently, the FAA is emphasizing new training for general aviation pilots in technologically advanced aircraft (TAA). TAA are aircraft that have advanced highly technical systems onboard, such as GPS. Even light sport aircraft are coming out of the factory with advanced equipment these days. It can be confusing and dangerous for a pilot to attempt to use these modern cockpit systems in-flight without additional training, and current FAA training standards haven't kept up with this issue. The FAA's updated FITS program finally addressed the issue, although the program is still voluntary.

How Pilots Use Air Navigation to Fly

How Pilots Use Air Navigation to Fly
Dead Reckoning and Pilotage
Radio Navigation Methods for Aircraft
Automatic Direction Finder and Nondirectional Radio Beacon
VHF Omnidirectional Range (VOR)
Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
Instrument Landing System (ILS)
GPS Navigation
How Pilots Use NAVAIDS

Basic navigation is taught in the early stages of flight training. In instrument meteorological conditions (IMC) or while flying IFR, a pilot will need to rely on cockpit instruments, such as a VOR or GPS system. Because flying in the clouds and navigating with these instruments can be tricky, a pilot must earn an FAA Instrument Rating to fly in IMC conditions legally. Currently, the FAA is emphasizing new training for general aviation pilots in technologically advanced aircraft (TAA). TAA are aircraft that have advanced highly technical systems onboard, such as GPS. Even light sport aircraft are coming out of the factory with advanced equipment these days. It can be confusing and dangerous for a pilot to attempt to use these modern cockpit systems in-flight without additional training, and current FAA training standards haven't kept up with this issue. The FAA's updated FITS program finally addressed the issue, although the program is still voluntary.

Common Travel Area - Wikipedia Common Travel Area
Common Travel Area
Contents
History
1923 agreement
1952 agreement
2008 proposal
2011 memorandum of understanding
2016–2017: Brexit
2019 memorandum of understanding
British immigration system from 2021
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic
United Kingdom
Ireland
Isle of Man
Guernsey
Jersey
Identity and immigration checks
Channel Islands
Ireland
Transit without visa for Irish biometric visa holders
Isle of Man
United Kingdom
Travel within the UK
Common visa system
Freedom of movement
British citizens in Ireland
Irish citizens in the United Kingdom
Other European Economic Area nationals
Citizens' rights
Working
Education
Social security benefits
Healthcare
Social housing support
Voting rights
Schengen Area
Identification requirements
See also
References
Further reading
External links
 The scope of the Irish provision was much more restrictive than the British legislation as it excluded from immigration control only those British citizens born in the United Kingdom, and imposed immigration controls on those born outside the UK. The latter group would have included individuals who were British citizens by descent or by birth in a British colony. This discrepancy between Britain's and Ireland's definition of a British citizen was not resolved until 1999. 2008 proposal
In July 2008, the UK Border Agency (the predecessor of UK Visas and Immigration) published a consultation paper on the CTA that envisaged the imposition of immigration controls for non-CTA nationals, and new measures for identity checks of CTA nationals, as well as an advance passenger information system, on all air and sea crossings between the islands of Ireland and Great Britain . While passport controls were proposed to be applied to travellers between Great Britain and the Republic of Ireland, the nature of possible identity controls between Great Britain and Northern Ireland was not clear. This led to controversy because Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom, with a prominent Unionist describing the proposed arrangements as "intolerable and preposterous". The nature of identity checks between Northern Ireland and Great Britain was characterised by the British government as follows: Section 14 of the Police and Justice Act 2006 introduced a new power that will allow the police to capture passenger, crew and service information on air and sea journeys within the United Kingdom. ... It is expected that this police power will only apply to air and sea routes between Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Passengers will not be required to use passports, but may be required to produce one of several types of documentation, including passports, when travelling, to enable the carrier to the meet the requirements of a police request.

Common Travel Area - Wikipedia

Common Travel Area
Common Travel Area
Contents
History
1923 agreement
1952 agreement
2008 proposal
2011 memorandum of understanding
2016–2017: Brexit
2019 memorandum of understanding
British immigration system from 2021
Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic
United Kingdom
Ireland
Isle of Man
Guernsey
Jersey
Identity and immigration checks
Channel Islands
Ireland
Transit without visa for Irish biometric visa holders
Isle of Man
United Kingdom
Travel within the UK
Common visa system
Freedom of movement
British citizens in Ireland
Irish citizens in the United Kingdom
Other European Economic Area nationals
Citizens' rights
Working
Education
Social security benefits
Healthcare
Social housing support
Voting rights
Schengen Area
Identification requirements
See also
References
Further reading
External links

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
Naval College
Specialist units
Diving Section
Naval Intelligence Cell
Fishery Monitoring Centre
Roles and capabilities
Irish territorial waters and EEZ
EU Navfor Med
Assets
Current fleet
Other assets
Acquisitions and future
Decommissioned
Weapons
Personnel and ranks
Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
Irish Naval Service warrant officers
Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
See also
Footnotes
External links
 During the Irish Civil War, in August 1922, a ship belonging to the British & Irish Steam Packet Company, Lady Wicklow, led by Captain Patrick Ryan, was used to bring Irish National Army troops around the coast to Fenit, the port of Tralee, in County Kerry. This naval involvement technically preceded the foundation of the Irish state, as Ireland was still part of the UK at the time. Built-in 1890 in Dublin Dockyard, the ship measured 262 by 34 feet (80 by 10 m). In all, 450 troops, including officers, were landed. Tralee was later captured from local republican forces. Muirchú, formerly the British armed steam yacht Helga, which had been used by the Royal Navy to shell Dublin during the 1916 rising, was the only CMS ship during this period. The CMS ship Muirchu continued to patrol Irish fisheries. Muirchu was re-armed in 1936 and purchased by the Irish government on advice of members of the later named Maritime Institute of Ireland for fisheries protection. In 1938 the United Kingdom handed over the three treaty ports (Cork Harbour, Bere Haven and Lough Swilly). Consequently, the Royal Navy withdrew from Cork Harbour in July 1938.

Irish Naval Service - Wikipedia

Irish Naval Service
Irish Naval Service
Contents
History
Coastal and Marine Service
Marine and Coastwatching Service
Naval Service
Organisation
Naval Headquarters
Naval Operations Command
Naval Support Command
Naval College
Specialist units
Diving Section
Naval Intelligence Cell
Fishery Monitoring Centre
Roles and capabilities
Irish territorial waters and EEZ
EU Navfor Med
Assets
Current fleet
Other assets
Acquisitions and future
Decommissioned
Weapons
Personnel and ranks
Irish Naval Service commissioned ranks
Irish Naval Service warrant officers
Irish Naval Service enlisted ranks
See also
Footnotes
External links

During the Irish Civil War, in August 1922, a ship belonging to the British & Irish Steam Packet Company, Lady Wicklow, led by Captain Patrick Ryan, was used to bring Irish National Army troops around the coast to Fenit, the port of Tralee, in County Kerry. This naval involvement technically preceded the foundation of the Irish state, as Ireland was still part of the UK at the time. Built-in 1890 in Dublin Dockyard, the ship measured 262 by 34 feet (80 by 10 m). In all, 450 troops, including officers, were landed. Tralee was later captured from local republican forces. Muirchú, formerly the British armed steam yacht Helga, which had been used by the Royal Navy to shell Dublin during the 1916 rising, was the only CMS ship during this period. The CMS ship Muirchu continued to patrol Irish fisheries. Muirchu was re-armed in 1936 and purchased by the Irish government on advice of members of the later named Maritime Institute of Ireland for fisheries protection. In 1938 the United Kingdom handed over the three treaty ports (Cork Harbour, Bere Haven and Lough Swilly). Consequently, the Royal Navy withdrew from Cork Harbour in July 1938.