diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes
index ac9012453352fb45ebe6986e1aec50751cb6e52d..06fbc4ae1366e03c140d6800f18411c9c44bd6dd 100644
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+{"text":"Over the fiscal year 2014 Air France-KLM reported a net loss of \u20ac198 million (CAPA, 2015). Long-haul flights are a market in which the combined group has performed well in the past, yet it faces increasing competition (Skift, 2015). Efforts to compete on short-haul flights with established Low Cost Airlines (LCA) have proceeded slowly due to labour related problems with Transavia, the groups own LCA. \nTo better compete with LCA's, Middle East and Far East airlines as well as improve their operational profits Air France-KLM needs to better understand its passengers and their desires. Traditionally the business travel segment has been the group's most profitable segment. Previous market research has shown that only half such travelers have a corporate contract with Air France-KLM. This suggests that if Air France-KLM is able to identify which passenger is a business traveler it could foreseeably improve its operational results. \nIf KLM can better understand the needs of their passengers they will be better able to target them with sharper pricing of tickets, increase client retention with frequent flyer programs and improve ancillary revenue. The goal of this research effort is to discover a better market segmentation model suitable for use by Air France-KLM. \nIn order to achieve the goals of better understanding airline passengers this research effort uses actual passenger flight movement data. Records were collated and grouped such that for each identifiable unique passenger a record exists of all their flight movements within a year. Metrics such as frequency of travel, distance traveled and the weight of baggage checked in are 3 among more than 25 variables that permit passenger behavior to be identified and passengers grouped together. \nThis research effort used machine learning techniques aimed at recognizing airline passenger behavior and grouping them together. The theory behind techniques such as supervised and unsupervised learning is discussed. Practical issues with unsupervised learning algorithms such as K-means, Expectation-Maximization and Hierarchical Clustering Algorithms are also detailed. Such algorithms make it possible to group data points that share similar features together. Such clusters are then identified according to existing airline market segments and interviews with stakeholders. \nFor supervised learning algorithms such as Decision Tree (CART) is explained. Supervised learning makes it possible to create a predictive model of labeled data. It is thus possible to describe when an airline passenger, as an example, should be recognized as a business traveler. \nThis thesis expands this effort by also using semi-supervised learning. This technique has the advantage in that it requires only a sample of the data to be labeled for use in training an algorithm. Semi-supervised learning offers the possibility of being more accurate than unsupervised learning without having to incur the cost associated with labeling the data set.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":58923361,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1940064875","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Vedolizumab (VDZ), a monoclonal antibody that targets \u03b14\u03b27 integrin, was approved to treat moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) based on the presumption that it blocks T cell recruitment to the inflamed intestinal mucosa. The clinical evidence suggests that up to 50% of UC patients do not achieve disease remission under VDZ treatment. This study aims to identify changes in cell abundances and molecular pathways associated with VDZ response in UC. To this end, we included anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF)-na\u00efve and anti-TNF-exposed patients with active UC, and utilized single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) and high-dimensional flow cytometry (Cytek) to assess the peripheral blood and the gut mucosal compartments.\n \n \n \n Gut mucosal biopsies from inflamed and non-inflamed regions, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were obtained from UC patients 2 wks before (t0) and 14 wks after (t4) the start of VDZ administration. Response to treatment was prospectively evaluated based on endoscopic assessment (defined as a decrease in total Mayo score between t0 and t4) and physician global assessment (PGA) that incorporates disease activity score and biochemical measurements.\n \n \n \n A total of 25 UC patients (pts) were included: 44% anti-TNF-na\u00efve. Endoscopic response to VDZ was observed in 32% of UC pts, while 56% of pts showed response based on PGA. The VDZ response rate (by PGA) was higher in anti-TNF-na\u00efve pts vs anti-TNF-exposed pts (82% vs 36% responders, respectively). A preliminary analysis was performed on samples from 8 (out of 25) UC pts, profiling >70,000 gut mucosal cells and >25,000 PBMCs. Within the mucosal compartment, at t0 we identified immune cells (50% of all captured cells), stromal cells (10%), and epithelial cells (40%). Upon inflammation, the proportion of immune cells increased to 70%, stromal cells to 20%, while epithelial cells depleted to 10%. Notably, all main identified immune cell lineages \u2013 T cells, B cells and myeloid cells \u2013 contributed to the expansion of the immune cell compartment in inflamed mucosa. In line with scRNAseq data, we identified all major immune cell populations and detected expression of both the classic gut-directed and the redundant trafficking integrins by Cytek.\n \n \n \n The preliminary results substantiate our current understanding of VDZ biology in UC. We confirm that anti-TNF-na\u00efve pts have a higher response rate to VDZ vs anti-TNF-exposed pts. With this unique cohort, our study has the power to further explore molecular mechanisms and pathways that underlie VDZ response at the single-cell level.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":246199128,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjab232.162","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjab232.162","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Deer-vehicle collisions (DVCs) are a safety hazard and a significant financial burden for motorists. Ungulate-proof fencing used in combination with safe crossing structures have proven to be effective at mitigating DVCs. Although a 2.4-m fence has been the standard for ungulate-proof fencing, a 1.2-m fence with a 0.6-m outrigger angled at 45 o away from the road and strung with high tensile wire may be a more cost-effective barrier. This design has the additional benefit of working as a one-way barrier, allowing deer to escape the highway if they should become trapped within the fenced right-of- way (ROW). The objective of this study is to retrofit a 1.2-m highway ROW fence with the aforementioned outrigger design to determine cost effectiveness and fence efficacy. Using a before-and- after design this study will compare spatial movements of GPS-collared deer, animal use of safe crossing structures, and breeding season DVCs. Detailed records of fence construction and maintenance costs will also be recorded to determine financial feasibility of retrofitting other existing 1.2-m ROW fences with the outrigger design.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":107543093,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"167756615","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract : Maritime piracy provides unique challenges for nations that are attempting to combat it. In the 1990s, Southeast Asia was the world's number one region for piracy attacks on maritime vessels, but that statistic has since improved. In the new millennium, the Horn of Africa has eclipsed Southeast Asia to become the top region for pirate attacks. State failure in Somalia, coupled with regional economic and political weakness, has allowed piracy to thrive. Since late 2008, an international response that consists of maritime forces from around the world has been assisting the shipping industry by providing security. Thus far, this effort has had mixed success. As the rate of successful attacks has decreased, the frequency at which they occur has continued to increase. This thesis investigates the rise and fall of piracy in Southeast Asia, and compares causal factors and responses to piracy in the Horn of Africa. The purpose is to provide an analysis of lessons learned that could be applied in the Horn of Africa.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":129671715,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1507694249","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper compares two alternative models for autocorrelated count time series. The first model can be viewed as a 'single source of error' discrete state space model, in which a time-varying parameter is specified as a function of lagged counts, with no additional source of error introduced. The second model is the more conventional 'dual source of error' discrete state space model, in which the time-varying parameter is driven by a random autocorrelated process. Using the nomenclature of the literature, the two representations can be viewed as observation-driven and parameter-driven respectively, with the distinction between the two models mimicking that between analogous models for other non-Gaussian data such as financial returns and trade durations. The paper demonstrates that when adopting a conditional Poisson specification, the two models have vastly different dispersion\/correlation properties, with the dual source model having properties that are a much closer match to the empirical properties of observed count series than are those of the single source model. Simulation experiments are used to measure the finite sample performance of maximum likelihood (ML) estimators of the parameters of each model, and ML-based predictors, with ML estimation implemented for the dual source model via a deterministic hidden Markov chain approach. Most notably, the numerical results indicate that despite the very different properties of the two models, predictive accuracy is reasonably robust to misspecification of the state space form.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":2918084,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1591812441","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Polymeric fibers can be used in several fields of research and technology depending on the type of polymer and the diameter of the fiber used. One of the most important features inherent to fibers is the large surface area that can be explored in applications like sensors. The electrospun fibers could be modified depositing metals by means of the electroless deposition technique in order to be used as sensitive layer. In this work is presented a gas sensor that has a sensitive layer made by polymeric fibers covered with palladium deposited by the electroless technique. The polymeric fibers were electrospun over a gold comb structure fabricated onto a silicon substrate with a distance between fingers of 50 \u03bcm. The fabricated sensors were reproducible with relative resistance response of 0.35% for H2 concentration of 100ppm under a controlled temperature of 25oC, which means a sensor capable of measuring residual concentrations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":222304227,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.29292\/jics.v12i2.456","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.29292\/jics.v12i2.456","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The importance of knowing that a firm is profitable, can be seen whether the company surplus or the otherwise. The study related to pecking order theory for surplus firm is still rare, since almost the majority of research in pecking order theory in Indonesia is focused only on one or more sectors. Among the several capital structures, the chosen is pecking order theory, because this theory is a dynamic theory in accordance with the market which is not perfect compared with other capital structure theory. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the non-financial companies listed on the BEI follow the pecking order theory, whether the surplus companies follow the pecking order theory and whether the surplus companies use the surplus that has to pay the company's debt. The research method using E-views 9 software, where the sample selection using purposive sampling method. The findings from the research of non-financial companies in Indonesia do not follow pecking order theory, surplus companies do not follow pecking order theory to pay the debt in advance and surplus companies do not pay debts using surplus owned.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":58908185,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Eight groups from government and academia have created 10 global maps that offer a ca 2000 portrait of land in urban use. Our initial investigation found that their estimates of the total amount of urban land differ by as much as an order of magnitude (0.27\u20133.52 \u00d7106 km2). Since it is not possible for these heterogeneous maps to all represent urban areas accurately, we undertake the first global accuracy assessment of these maps using a two-tiered approach that draws on a stratified random sample of 10 000 high-resolution Google Earth validation sites and 140 medium-resolution Landsat-based city maps. Employing a wide range of accuracy measures at different spatial scales, we conclude that the new MODIS 500 m resolution global urban map has the highest accuracy, followed by a thresholded version of the Global Impervious Surface Area map based on the Night-time Lights and LandScan datasets.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":128763929,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1999697646","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/01431160903121134","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Date Presented 4\/21\/2018 This study looked at whether occupational therapy students in Level II fieldwork influenced fieldwork educators' use of evidence- and occupation-based practice. Findings suggest that students did affect fieldwork educators' understanding and practice. This study expands our understanding of factors that explain the disconnect between occupational therapy education and how practitioners practice. Primary Author and Speaker: Leslie Jackson","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":81722526,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2900811487","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5014\/AJOT.2018.72S1-PO8029","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\nThis study aims to identify patterns of use and preferences related to technology platforms that could support physical activity (PA) programs in an underserved population.\n\n\nMETHODS\nA 29-item questionnaire was administered at 5 health and wellness sites targeting low income communities in Chicago. Frequency tables were generated for Internet, cell phone, and social media use and preferences. Chi-squared analysis was used to evaluate differences across age and income groups.\n\n\nRESULTS\nA total of 291 individuals participated and were predominantly female (69.0%). Majority reported incomes less than $30,000 (72.9%) and identified as African American\/Black\/Caribbean (49.3%) or Mexican\/Mexican American (34.3%). Most participants regularly used smartphones (63.2%) and the Internet (75.9%). Respondents frequently used Facebook (84.8%), and less commonly used Instagram (43.6%), and Twitter (20.0%). Free Internet-based exercise programs were the most preferred method to increase PA levels (31.6%), while some respondents (21.0%) thought none of the surveyed technology applications would help.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nCell phone, Internet, and social media use is common among the surveyed underserved population. Technology preferences to increase PA levels varied, with a considerable number of respondents not preferring the surveyed technology platforms. Creating educational opportunities to increase awareness may maximize the effectiveness of technology-based PA interventions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":21185052,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2522505257","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.2016-0162","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Translucent eggshells negatively affect the appearance of eggs and decrease their economic value. Translocation and accumulation of water from the contents to the shells of eggs are frequent occurrences. Causes of translucent eggshell formation have been investigated, but the primary reason is uncertain. In previous studies, scientists have found that the thickness of the eggshell membrane was significantly different between translucent and opaque eggs. However, there are some conflicts among studies. We performed 2 experiments with 3 breeding flocks of chickens to target the reasons for egg translucence. In experiment 1, eggs of 1,024 Brown-Egg Dwarf Layers (DWL) were used. Approximately 1,600 eggs were collected over 2 consecutive days. They were stored for 3 days, and then 120 translucent and 120 opaque eggs were selected for measurement of egg quality traits and weight loss over several weeks. In experiment 2, we used DWL and White Leghorn pure line (WLL) for assessment of eggshell ultrastructure and membrane traits. We chose 120 translucent and 120 opaque eggs from 3,500 DWL eggs and 125 translucent and 125 opaque eggs from 5,028 WLL eggs. The results are as follows: (1) translucent eggs had greater eggshell strength and lower ultimate failure stress of shell membrane than opaque eggs in both DWL and WLL groups, (2) translucent eggs had thicker shells and thinner shell membranes than opaque eggs in DWL, (3) no significant differences were found in either gas pore or bubble pore traits between translucent and opaque eggs in either line, and (4) no significant differences were detected in internal egg quality or weight loss between translucent and opaque eggs in either line. In summary, the present study suggests that variations in both eggshells and shell membrane structures are implicated in the formation of translucent eggs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":13323871,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2522176458","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3382\/ps\/pew415","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3382\/ps\/pew415","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"With the onset of the Gulf diplomatic crisis in June 2017, citizens and expatriate residents in Qatar affixed patriotic decals to their cars in a show of support. Using visual evidence and ethnographic interviews gathered between August 2017 and September 2018, we analyze Qatari and expatriate participation in this shared ritual of nationalism, and what each group's participation meant to the other. Our conclusions highlight the growth of civic nationalism narratives in Qatar as a response to the diplomatic crisis, and a corresponding reduction in regional ethnic narratives of communal belonging","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":150449277,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2937776722","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This exploratory research looks at the role of capital expenditures in the food manufacturing industries in the face of industry productivity changes and industry restructuring. Food processing's position as the economy's largest manufacturing industry in shipments is compared with its share of total capital expenditures. Gross capital stock, net capital stock, gross constant stock, and net constant stock are examined to estimate changing capital base. Rates of change in multifactor and output per man hour productivity are compared with rates of change in new capital expenditures. Major industrial reorganization has taken place in food processing because of mergers, acquisitions, and leveraged buyouts. The change in capital expenditures following these transactions is examined to determine their impact on industry investment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":152651162,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1523517792","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Diseases like asthma have dramatically increased in the last decades. The reasons for the rising prev- alence are still controversially discussed. Besides the genetic predisposition a number of different causes are thought to affect the increase of allergies. These include the hygiene hypothesis as well as changes in intestinal microbiota. Allergic airway inflammation is driven by T cells but it has become clear that tolerance and also sup - pression of allergic inflammation are mediated by so called regulatory T cells (Tregs). Indeed, naturally occurring Treg as well as induced Tregs have been shown to suppress allergic airway disease. In addition, the effectiveness of different therapeutic strategies (e.g. allergen immunotherapy) are mediated via Tregs. In addition, several Treg based approaches have been shown to effectively suppress allergic airway disease in different models. However, more research is needed to explore these potentially interesting approaches for the treatment of human disease.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":73883040,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2187830796","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this study, biosorption of C. I. Acid Red 18 from aqueous solution was investigated by using acid treated biomass of Penicilium sp. in a batch system. The effects of initial pH, contact time, initial dye concentration and temperature on dye biosorption were investigated. Optimum pH for efficient dye biosorption was found to be 3.0 for acid treated biomass. The bosorption capacity was increased with the increasing temperature in studied temperature range. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to experimental equilibrium data and the Langmuir model better described the equilibrium dye uptake than the Freundlich model. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the biosorption process was successful, spontaneous and endothermic in nature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110528980,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2072505246","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.80-81.678","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) is committed to forming a broader monetary union by 2020. The approach of forming the union is a replica of the European-type monetary union, which is predicated on the optimum currency area (OAC) theory. All the monetary unions that were created among European sovereign States within the last half of the eighteenth century, collapsed due to political and economic differences. Currently, the European monetary union (EMU) is unstable due to ongoing crises, which may not be a good signal for West African States, whose economies are persistently being hit by asymmetric shocks. This study therefore, analysed the economies of West African States within the context of the OAC theory, and further examined whether the past and current EMUs provide any lessons for ECOWAS. The analyses show that ECOWAS economies have not met the OAC theory, implying that the European-type monetary union crises might manifest in the ECOWAS region. To avert such crises in the envisaged West African monetary union, member countries must be compelled to satisfy the OAC criteria before ascending onto the union, and the governments of ECOWAS should lay more emphasizes on the political will and fiscal discipline of the respective member countries.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":198761726,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2955282883","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.32479\/IJEFI.8231","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. It is uncommon to collect long-term coordinated hydrometeorological and hydrological data in northern circumpolar regions. However, such datasets can be very valuable for engineering design, improving environmental prediction tools or detecting change. This dataset documents physiographic, hydrometeorological and hydrological conditions in the Baker Creek Research Watershed from 2003 to 2016. Baker Creek drains water from 155\u2009km2 of subarctic Canadian Shield terrain in Canada's Northwest Territories. half-hourly hydrometeorological data were collected each year, at least from April to October, from representative locations, including exposed Precambrian bedrock ridges, peatlands, open black spruce forest and lakes. Hydrometeorological data include radiation fluxes, rainfall, temperature, humidity, winds, barometric pressure and turbulent energy fluxes. Terrestrial sites were monitored for ground temperature and soil moisture. Spring maximum snowpack water equivalent, depth and density data are included. Daily streamflow data are available for a series of nested watersheds ranging in size from 9 to 128\u2009km2. These data are unique in this remote region and provide scientific and engineering communities with an opportunity to advance understanding of geophysical processes and improve infrastructure resiliency. The data described here are available at: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20383\/101.026.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":55839120,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2800761663","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/ESSD-10-1753-2018","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Confounding variables are a well known source of nuisance in biomedical studies. They present an even greater challenge when we combine them with black-box machine learning techniques that operate on raw data. This work presents two case studies. In one, we discovered biases arising from systematic errors in the data generation process. In the other, we found a spurious source of signal unrelated to the prediction task at hand. In both cases, our prediction models performed well but under careful examination hidden confounders and biases were revealed. These are cautionary tales on the limits of using machine learning techniques on raw data from scientific experiments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":209386802,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2996064730","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1912.07661"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Since first published in 1983, Manga! Manga!: The World of Japanese Comics has been the book to read for all those interested in Japanese comics. It is virtually the 'bible' from which all studies and appreciation of manga begins. More than that, given the influence of Japanese manga on animation and on American-produced comics as well, Manga! Manga! provides the background against which these other arts can be understood. The book includes 96 pages from Osamu Tezuka's Phoenix, Reiji Matsumoto's Ghost Warrior, Riyoko Ikeda's The Rose of Versailles, and Keiji Nakazawa's BarefootGen.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":192015240,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2024193976","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/132149","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A dynamic transmission planning methodology using a genetic algorithm is formulated for the purpose of determining an economically adapted electric transmission system in a deregulated open access environment. Transmission investment sensitivity information linked to short term marginal income is used. A computer program is developed and applied to obtain a long range adapted transmission grid for the Chilean electrical system. Two open access pricing methodologies are evaluated in a spot price framework, as applied to the adapted grid over the time horizon.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":154727626,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2106265456","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/59.535684","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The field of machine learning is constantly developing useful new techniques for data analysis, but they are often ignored by researchers outside the field due to unfamiliarity and the difficulty of keeping up with a large body of work. We propose a methodology for training researchers how algorithms work through experience, such that they gain an implicit, rather than explicit, understanding of their function. Thus we combine theory from discovery learning with advanced software and a more educated target population to foster such understanding. We have developed an open source application for exploratory data analysis called Divvy that lets users quickly and visually interact with a range of data analysis techniques. Using a simplified version of Divvy, we find that undergraduate subjects are generally able to learn machine learning concepts through experience, though they have only partial success in applying them.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":483914,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2396694237","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Procedure: The periphery of Geneva, where a section of the city bypass opened in 1993, was studied on three different levels: \u2022 Firstly, an analysis of the region's dynamics as a whole; \u2022 Secondly, an analysis of the demographic evolution and employment market at a communal level; and \u2022 Thirdly, an analysis of the evolution of the man-made environment at a district level. The afore-mentioned studies permitted the computation of a model (multiple linear regression) that describes the relationship between the changes in the man-made environment of a certain area and its accessibility. Results: The study showed that the relationship between the freeway and the urban development of the canton of Geneva was not obvious. The demographic redistribution from the city centre towards suburbia seems to have no apparent relationship with the new infrastructure. The influence of accessibility manifests on the employment location; this was observed by an increase in employment figures, higher than average, for the areas near the new bypass and city centre. These phenomena were not directly translated into building activity, as two neighboring sectors can develop totally differently. The relationship with accessibility is not obvious. The model confirmed the perceived trends and revealed the importance of vacant land for building activity to exist. In other words, urban development is hampered by the shortage of available land and the other location factors become insignificant.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":130310365,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2181984877","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Diffuse optical tomography (DOT) allows tomographic (3D), non-invasive reconstructions of tissue optical properties for biomedical applications. Severe under-sampling is a common problem in DOT which leads to image artifacts. A large number of measurements is needed in order to minimize these artifacts. In this work, we introduce a compressed sensing (CS) framework for DOT which enables improved reconstructions with under-sampled data. The CS framework uses a sparsifying basis, \u21131-regularization and random sampling to reduce the number of measurements that are needed to achieve a certain accuracy. We demonstrate the utility of the CS framework using numerical simulations. The CS results show improved DOT results in comparison to \"traditional\" linear reconstruction methods based on singular-value decomposition (SVD) with \u21132-regularization and with regular and random sampling. Furthermore, CS is shown to be more robust against the reduction of measurements in comparison to the other methods. Potential benefits and shortcomings of the CS approach in the context of DOT are discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":7594063,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2008807821","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.023676","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, analysis and design of the shunt-series pair feedback amplifier are given. The design achieves optimum gain-bandwidth product with a maximally flat magnitude transmission for a specified gain or desensitivity. Phantom zero is used to avoid degradation of feedback bandwidth and to obtain a filter type transient response. Experimental verification of the theory is given with a medium frequency alloyed-junction transistors and HF mesa transistors. The agreement between the theoretical and experimental work is shown to be good in all cases, both in time and in frequency domains.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":110312035,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2041070134","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TCT.1961.1086826","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":": Subcalcaneal heel pain is a very common presenting complaint. Careful evaluation is necessary to guide treatment decisions. By far, most subcalcaneal heel pain resolves with appropriate conservative treatment over a period of weeks to months. Occasionally, when surgery is necessary, the goal of the procedure is adequate decompression in the area of the origin of the plantar fascia and medial calcaneal tubercle.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":208308787,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2409423678","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Blocking the endocannabinoid system is an option that substantially reduces cardiovascular risk beyond reducing body weight. Endocannabinoids and their receptors are expressed in the central nervous system as well as in the peripheral organs and regulate the central circuits for food uptake and peripheral metabolic circuits. Within the context of food uptake the cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB (1)-receptor) is of crucial importance. Its stimulation with Delta (9)-tetrahydrocannabiol (Delta (9)-THC) or its blockade with rimonabant are clinically relevant therapeutic means to maintain body weight. Rimonabant is the first of a new class of drugs, that interferes with the endocannabinoid system by blocking the CB (1)-Receptor. In recent clinical studies a substantial reduction of body weight and waist circumference was associated with an improvement of the cardiovascular risk profile, which was marked by increased HDL-cholesterol, serum triglycerides and improved insulin sensivity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":72695534,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2068340858","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1055\/S-2005-865077","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The deep-sea floor covers about 65% of the Earth s surface and benthic biomass is dominated by highly diverse bacterial communities. Bacterial carbon cycling in deep-sea sediments plays a crucial role in global biogeochemical cycles, and remineralization efficiency of organic carbon can be more than 97%. However, key bacteria relevant for carbon turnover and ecosystem functioning remain unknown. Benthic bacteria mainly depend on organic carbon supply from the surface ocean, and will therefore likely be affected by changing surface ocean conditions. The Arctic Ocean is already impacted by environmental changes more rapidly here than in any other ocean region and will be impacted even more in the future. This turns the Arctic Ocean into an important study site to understand the effects of environmental changes on bacterial communities and ecosystem functioning, such as carbon cycling. At the same time, the Arctic Ocean remains to a large extent understudied, and little is known about the identity of key bacterial groups, which could be useful as indicators to describe the state of the ecosystem and to monitor community response to changing environmental conditions. Consequently, the goals of this thesis include the identification of indigenous key bacteria in deep-sea sediments and their metabolic potential, as well as the development of a better understanding of the specific response of Arctic deep-sea bacterial communities to changes in the supply of organic matter. The Long-Term Ecological Research site HAUSGARTEN (HG) is one out of two open ocean, long-term observatories in a polar region, and therefore provided a unique opportunity to study key bacterial groups from Arctic deep-sea sediments. Chapters I and II present one of the first characterizations of a globally sequence-abundant sediment bacterial group, the JTB255 marine benthic group (JTB255). Cell counts with newly designed probes evidenced high cell abundances in coastal (Chapter I) and deep-sea sediments (Chapter II). Labeling experiments together with metatranscriptomic data suggested a chemolithoautotrophic lifestyle, with a potential high importance for sulfur-based carbon fixation in coastal sediments (Chapter II). Furthermore, genomic analyses of single cells emerged as a powerful means to provide first insights into the metabolic potential of JTB255 representatives in deep-sea sediments, suggesting a heterotrophic lifestyle with oxygen as terminal electron acceptor (Chapter II). Genomic analysis showed that JTB255 encode enzymes for the oxidative degradation of polymeric cell material such as membranes and cell walls, suggesting recalcitrant organic carbon sources in marine sediments. Therefore, it is hypothesized for the first time that some representatives of JTB255 might be involved in the cycling of a major class of refractory sediment organic matter, potentially explaining their global ecological success. In an ex situ experimental approach, the response of Arctic benthic bacterial deep-sea communities at HG to different types of detritus was explored (Chapter III). This is the first experimental study investigating the response of bacterial deep-sea communities to the addition of natural food sources by combining measurements of community function with the analysis of high resolution taxonomic community structure. Our results provide evidence that differences in organic matter composition lead to significant changes in bacterial community structure and function at the seafloor, which can affect carbon turnover and retention in the deep sea. In addition, opportunistic groups of bacteria were identified that may serve as indicator taxa for different organic matter sources at this site. In Chapter IV, a pilot study is presented which addresses an issue often discussed in deep-sea research, i.e. the unknown effects of sample retrieval from high-pressure environments on bacterial communities. Therefore, the influence of de- and recompression on deep-sea sediment bacteria, as inherently imposed during sediment retrieval and subsequent laboratory experiments, was studied in a small-scale experiment. Results indicated few effects of de- and recompression on bacterial community structure within the experimental time frame, but contained evidence for changes in the metabolic activity of specific taxa, after the retrieval of decompressed samples from the seafloor. These observations remain to be verified with further sample replication. In summary, this thesis contributes to the identification of candidate key bacterial groups. It further provides valuable insights into bacterial diversity and function in Arc-tic deep-sea sediments and will help to assess impacts of future climate scenarios on pelago-benthic coupling in the Arctic.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":134228873,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2783701580","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"It has become fashionable to suggest that cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) is only effective in patients with electrocardiographic evidence of left bundle branch block (LBBB).1 ,2 In their Heart publication, Cunnington et al 3 publish a meta-analysis using aggregate data on morbidity and mortality from several large trials, suggesting that patients who do not have LBBB do not benefit from CRT. However, their analysis does not exclude a 39% reduction in mortality with CRT in such patients and does not provide statistical evidence of heterogeneity of the effect of CRT amongst patients with different QRS morphologies. This analysis should not be used to deny patients a potentially highly beneficial treatment.\n\nDo we need to demonstrate the effect of an intervention in every subgroup of patients or, having demonstrated benefit in a broad population of patients, should we assume that any apparent heterogeneity of effect is due to the play of chance? Ultimately, the individual clinician has to make the best decision for the individual patient based on the best interpretation of the data in their possession; it is easy to get lost in the minutiae and miss the larger picture. There are many examples of erroneous conclusions being drawn from subgroup analyses. There is never sufficient time, energy or resources to provide robust evidence for every subgroup of patients.4 ,5 Accordingly, guidelines on treatment have generally avoided making recommendations based on subgroup analyses of clinical trials; at least that was the case before the advent of CRT. For some reason, possibly related to the psychology of those who implant, regulate or ration CRT devices, many confident assertions have been made about subgroup effects, few of which stand up to scrutiny.\n\nWhen addressing the issue of QRS morphology, it is important to distinguish three groups of patients \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":30576477,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2174717425","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2015-307553","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summaries The author examines aggregate and categorical fungibility for the recipient of untied foreign exchange. Aggregate fungibility considers the impact of the funds received on either external account aggregates such as imports or exports, or the overall level of revenue, expenditure and government borrowing. Analysis of categorical fungibility looks inside the item of most interest to the donor (import composition in the case of import support and sectoral expenditure for counterpart funds and budget aid). These questions are best answered by macroeconomic modelling, but the data are rarely available. Hence a more ad hoc approach must be used. Aggregate fungibility may be analysed through the construction of a counterfactual balance of payments and government budget, where behavioural reactions are judged by the evaluator on the basis of own analysis, existing studies and guestimates. Categorical fungibility may be analysed using the budget constraint approach in conjunction with a counterfactual government budget.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":155031088,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2150628392","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1759-5436.1996.MP27004002.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Gravitational lensing of the microwave background by the intervening dark matter mainly arises from large-angle fluctuations in the projected gravitational potential and hence offers a unique opportunity to study the physics of the dark sector at large scales. Studies with surveys that cover greater than a percent of the sky will require techniques that incorporate the curvature of the sky. We lay the groundwork for these studies by deriving the full sky minimum variance quadratic estimators of the lensing potential from the CMB temperature and polarization fields. We also present a general technique for constructing these estimators, with harmonic space convolutions replaced by real space products, that is appropriate for both the full sky limit and the flat sky approximation. This also extends previous treatments to include estimators involving the temperature-polarization cross-correlation and should be useful for next generation experiments in which most of the additional information from polarization comes from this channel due to sensitivity limitations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":119765666,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1758282328","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PHYSREVD.67.083002","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Phosphorus (P) is an essential element and its efficient use is of global importance. This study evaluated the effect of growing potato under legume intercrops on P uptake and use efficiency indices: P harvest index (PHI), P uptake efficiency (PuPE), P partial factor productivity (PPFP) and P partial balance (PPB). The experiment was carried out for four consecutive seasons with treatments comprising potato cultivated under legume intercrops: none (T1), dolichos (Lablab purpureus L) (T2), peas (Pisum sativum L) (T3) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L) (T4). Across the seasons, the mean haulm P uptake for T2 (6.7\u2009kg P ha\u22121), T4 (5.5) and T3 (4.5) were 6%, 23% and 36% lower than that observed in T1 (7.1\u2009kg P ha\u22121), respectively. On the other hand, tuber P uptake was highest in T1 (21.8\u2009kg P ha\u22121) and T2 (21.3\u2009kg P ha\u22121) and were significantly higher than 13.2\u2009kg P ha\u22121 in T3 and 15.1\u2009kg P ha\u22121 in T4. This had a profound effect on PuPE, which was equally highest in T1 (0.26\u2009kg total P uptake kg\u22121 P supply) and T2 (0.25) and lowest in T3 (0.16) and T4 (0.18). Similarly, PPFP, PHI and PPB followed a similar trend, with highest values in T1 (57\u2009kg tuber dry matter yield kg\u22121 P supply, 76.4\u2009kg tuber P uptake kg\u22121 total plant's P uptake and 0.20\u2009kg tuber P uptake kg\u22121 P supply, respectively). Among the tested legume intercrops, dolichos competed least for P with the main crop (potato) hence it can be integrated into potato-based cropping systems without compromising potato tuber yield.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":210909784,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2996307772","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/01904167.2019.1702202","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper develops a new methodology for calculating the \"carbon footprint\" of air travel whereby emissions from travel in premium (business and first) classes depend heavily on the average class-specific occupied floor space. Unlike methods currently used for the purpose, the approach properly accounts for the fact that the relative number of passenger seats in economy and premium classes is endogenous in the longer term, so adding one additional premium trip crowds out more than one economy trip on any particular flight. It also shows how these differences in carbon attributable to different classes of travel in a carbon footprint calculation correspond to how carbon surcharges on different classes of travel would differ if carbon emissions from international aviation were taxed given a competitive aviation sector globally. The paper shows how this approach affects carbon footprint calculations by applying it to World Bank staff travel for calendar year 2009.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110478297,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2107290776","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1596\/1813-9450-6471","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/www-wds.worldbank.org\/external\/default\/WDSContentServer\/WDSP\/IB\/2013\/05\/31\/000158349_20130531105457\/Rendered\/PDF\/WPS6471.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Background and aim: Good dentofacial development and good occlusion are main goals in the treatment of UCLP. The aim was to evaluate dental occlusion at age 5 years with the Huddart and Bodenham index after four different protocols of primary surgery for UCLP. Design: Three parallel randomised controlled trials were undertaken as an international multicentre study by 10 cleft teams in five countries: Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Norway, and the UK. Methods: Three different surgical procedures for primary palatal repair (Arms B, C, and D) were tested against a common procedure (Arm A) in the total cohort of 448 children born with non-syndromic UCLP. Dental casts of 418 patients (272 boys, 146 girls), at the mean age of 5.1 years (range =4.7\u20136.9) were blindly assessed by 10 orthodontists with the original Huddart and Bodenham index. The main outcome measure was dental occlusion. Results: The inter- and intra-examiner reliability was good-to-excellent (0.61\u20130.94; 0.66\u20131.0, respectively). The mean total scores (+2 to \u221218) varied from \u22125.56 (Trial 2C) to \u22127.21 (Trial 3D). The mean anterior scores (+2 to \u22126) varied from \u22121.66 (Trial 2C) to \u22122.56 (Trial 3A). The mean posterior cleft-side scores (0 to \u22126) varied from \u22123.24 (Trial 3A) to \u22123.82 (Trial 3D) and the mean non-cleft-side scores (0 to \u22126) varied from \u22120.60 (Trial 2C) to \u22121.30 (Trial 3A); however, no significant differences were found within the trials. Conclusion: There was no statistical evidence of a difference in occlusion between the two surgical methods in each trial. Trial registration: ISRCTN29932826.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":33197054,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2589803463","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/2000656X.2016.1265529","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this study was to identify the selected Rosenshine and Furst (1971) factors that influence Millennial (Generation Y) student learning, and the influence of those factors and other background variables on students' evaluations of teaching. The result indicates that the ten factors adapted from Rosenshine and Furst (1971) studies were perceived by Generation Y students to positively influence their learning. The result also indicates that great teaching skills favor good evaluation. However, students' evaluations of teaching are a lot better when instructors combine great teaching skills with great personality, less workload, flexibility and friendliness.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":68262179,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2505470899","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Solvent-free adhesive is a kind of environmental friendly adhesive which is safe, less material consumptive and just needs simple curing conditions. In this paper, the two components solvent-free polyurethane adhesive for flexible packaging was discussed, including its characteristics, composition, curing and adhesion mechanism and three modification methods. The curing mechanism of this adhesive is that crosslinking happens between \u2013NCO and \u2013OH which are contained in two components respectively. However, its adhesion mechanism is different when the adhesive is bonding with polyester film, paper, fabric, metal and other materials. The modification methods of two components solvent-free polyurethane adhesive include modification of its soft segment, modification with epoxy resin and modification with organosilicon and so on. The performance of adhesive can be improved through modification.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":108502833,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1964089707","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.71-78.2703","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Health inequities among Indigenous and non-Indigenous communities are well documented and the research literature includes robust discussions about innovative ways to reduce inequities including co-design. Co-designing health promotion interventions with Indigenous communities presents many benefits and challenges for researchers, health professionals and communities involved in the process. The purpose of this study was to identify the facilitators and barriers of co-designing a health promotion intervention with M\u0101ori communities. Additionally, this study considers a specific M\u0101ori co-design framework, He Pikinga Waiora (HPW). HPW is a participatory approach to creating interventions emphasizing community engagement, systems thinking and centred on Kaupapa M\u0101ori (an approach grounded in M\u0101ori worldviews). The research design for this study was Kaupapa M\u0101ori. Participants (n\u2009=\u200919) in this study were stakeholders in the New Zealand health sector. Participants were interviewed using an in-depth, semi-structured protocol. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data. Facilitators for co-designing health promotion interventions with M\u0101ori communities were collaboration and community voice. Barriers identified were mismanaged expectations and research constraints. Finally, facilitators for the HPW framework included providing clear guidelines and being grounded in M\u0101ori perspectives, while barriers included limited concrete case studies, jargon and questions about sustainability. Collaboration and inclusion of community voice supports the development of more effective co-design health promotion interventions within M\u0101ori communities which may address health inequities. The HPW framework offers clear guidelines and M\u0101ori perspectives which may assist in the development of effective co-design health promotion interventions, although areas for improvement were suggested.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":227281986,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3110617642","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daaa128","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Study was based on hypothesis that electrical stimulation (ES) with parameters obtained from analysis of vagal afferent discharge fed state may fake brain with satiety state. We evaluated effect of denervation of vagal capsaicin-sensitive afferents on food intake and body weight in rats with ES of vagal nerves using microchip (MC). Group A was scheduled to MC implantation, B to sham operation only, C to MC implantation and capsaicin vagal deafferentation, and D to capsaicin denervation only. ES lasted 24 days. MC parameters were 0.05Hz, 0.1s, 0.55V. ES of left vagus significantly reduced total food intake as well as the mean daily intake in groups A and C in comparison to control and D group (ANOVA, F=18.55, p=0.0038). Body weight was lower in group A (346,2 g) and C (272,7 g) then in control (381,4 g) and D (356,8 g) (F=25.68, p=0.00068). Leptin decreased in C (165 pg\/mL) in comparison to A (625 pg\/mL), B (677 pg\/mL), and D (612 pg\/mL) (p<0,05), mainly due to ES (F=7.27, p=0.019). Glucose was decreased in A (F=5.55, p=0.036) - by 11 % and by 16% in C group. Proper vagal neuromodulation results in central and peripheral effects causing food intake and body weight downregulation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":196673421,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"849987045","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Choosing the right harvesting strategy is crucial for sustainable utilization of biological resources but is challenging in real systems with fluctuating environments. This challenge is expected to become even greater with global warming, as environmental variability is predicted to increase. Additionally, harvesting strategies based on single-species models have been shown to carry a severe risk of species extinctions when species interactions are ignored, particularly in systems with more than one harvested species. As the climate continues to warm, we therefore need new reference points for harvesting in an ecosystem context with environmental fluctuations. In this paper, we discuss the development of harvesting strategies and suggest that a proportional threshold harvesting framework could be a useful starting point for developing such reference points and tackling the challenge of sustainable harvesting in the future.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":236706285,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3162457318","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3354\/CR01658","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nowadays, municipalities intend to have 3D city models for facility management, disaster management and architectural planning. 3D data acquisition can be done by laser scanning for indoor environment which is a costly and time consuming process. Currently, for indoor surveying, Electronic Distance Measurement (EDM) and Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) are mostly used. In this paper, several techniques for indoor 3D building data acquisition have been investigated. For reducing the time and cost of indoor building data acquisition process, the Trimble LaserAce 1000 range finder is used. The accuracy of the rangefinder is evaluated and a simple spatial model is reconstructed from real data. This technique is rapid (it requires a shorter time as compared to others), but the results show inconsistencies in horizontal angles for short distances in indoor environments. The range finder was calibrated using a least square adjustment algorithm. To control the uncertainty of the calibration and of the reconstruction of the building from the measurements, interval analysis and homotopy continuation are used.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":160031862,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"HPC architects are currently facing myriad challenges from ever tighter power constraints and changing workload characteristics. In this article we discuss the current state of FPGAs within HPC systems. Recent technological advances show that they are well placed for penetration into the HPC market. However, there are still a number of research problems to overcome; we address the requirements for system architectures and interconnects to enable their proper exploitation, highlighting the necessity of allowing FPGAs to act as full-fledged peers within a distributed system rather than attached to the CPU. We argue that this model requires a reliable, connectionless, hardware-offloaded transport supporting a global memory space. Our results show how our fully-fledged hardware implementation gives latency improvements of up to 25% versus a software-based transport, and demonstrates that our solution can outperform the state of the art in HPC workloads such as matrix-matrix multiplication achieving a 10% higher computing throughput.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":207995935,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. The Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) retrievals over\nurban regions have not been validated systematically, even though MOPITT\nobservations are widely used to study CO over urban regions. Here we compare\nMOPITT products over urban and non-urban regions with aircraft measurements\nfrom the Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column\nand Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ \u2013 2011\u20132014), Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds, and Climate\nCoupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC 4 RS \u2013 2013), Air Chemistry Research In\nAsia (ARIAs \u2013 2016), A-FORCE\n(2009, 2013), and Korea United States Air\nQuality (KORUS-AQ \u2013 2016) campaigns. In general, MOPITT agrees\nreasonably well with the in situ profiles, over both urban and non-urban\nregions. Version 8 multispectral product (V8J) biases vary from \u22120.7 \u2009% to\n0.0\u2009% and version 8 thermal-infrared product (TIR) biases vary from\n2.0\u2009% to 3.5\u2009%. The evaluation statistics of MOPITT V8J and V8T over\nnon-urban regions are better than those over urban regions with smaller\nbiases and higher correlation coefficients. We find that the agreement of\nMOPITT V8J and V8T with aircraft measurements at high CO concentrations is\nnot as good as that at low CO concentrations, although CO variability may\ntend to exaggerate retrieval biases in heavily polluted scenes. We test the\nsensitivities of the agreements between MOPITT and in situ profiles to\nassumptions and data filters applied during the comparisons of MOPITT\nretrievals and in situ profiles. The results at the surface layer are\ninsensitive to the model-based profile extension (required due to aircraft\naltitude limitations), whereas the results at levels with limited aircraft\nobservations (e.g., the 600\u2009hPa layer) are more sensitive to the model-based\nprofile extension. The results are insensitive to the maximum allowed time\ndifference criterion for co-location (12, 6, 3, and 1\u2009h) and are generally insensitive to the radius for co-location, except\nfor the case where the radius is small (25\u2009km), and hence few MOPITT\nretrievals are included in the comparison. Daytime MOPITT products have\nsmaller overall biases than nighttime MOPITT products when comparing both\nMOPITT daytime and nighttime retrievals to the daytime aircraft\nobservations. However, it would be premature to draw conclusions on the\nperformance of MOPITT nighttime retrievals without nighttime aircraft\nobservations. Applying signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) filters does not\nnecessarily improve the overall agreement between MOPITT retrievals and\nin situ profiles, likely due to the reduced number of MOPITT retrievals for\ncomparison. Comparisons of MOPITT retrievals and in situ profiles over\ncomplex urban or polluted regimes are inherently challenging due to spatial\nand temporal variabilities of CO within MOPITT retrieval pixels (i.e.,\nfootprints). We demonstrate that some of the errors are due to CO\nrepresentativeness with these sensitivity tests, but further quantification\nof representativeness errors due to CO variability within the MOPITT\nfootprint will require future work.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":214789287,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3012688295","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/amt-13-1337-2020","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/amt.copernicus.org\/articles\/13\/1337\/2020\/amt-13-1337-2020.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Synopsis The tectonic environment of formation of volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits and porphyry tin and copper deposits can be identified from the geochemical characteristics of the associated igneous rocks. The 'stable' trace-element geochemistry (involving Ti, Zr, Y, Nb, Cr and rare-earth elements) and geology of metabasalts related to 12 massive sulphide deposits indicate that the deposits studied fall into four distinct classes. (1) Cyprus-type, including Cyprus, Oman and Betts Cove, possibly formed during the early stages of back-arc basin development; (2) L\u00f8kken-type, including L\u00f8kken and York Harbour, possibly formed at back-arc basin spreading centres; (3) Joma-type, including Joma, R\u00f8ros and Bidjovagge, possibly formed in a small ocean of Red Sea type; and (4) Gjersvik-type, including Gjersvik, Buchans, Noranda and Lynn Lake, possibly formed during an early stage of island arc evolution (Gjersvik), later during island arc evolution (the Buchans Kuroko-type deposit) or in a Precambrian setting (Noranda and Lynn Lake). Deposits related to major ocean ridge crests appear to be small and relatively uncommon, perhaps because relatively few favourable sites for ore deposition exist in such environments. The environment of intrusion of acid-intermediate igneous rocks can be deduced by use of diagrams based on the element Nb (e.g. SiO2 versus Nb). On this basis, tinbearing granites can be classified either as within-plate magmas (Nigeria) or as magmas from evolved volcanic arc settings (e.g. Bolivia, Cornwall and Indonesia); the latter group can be further subdivided geologically into postorogenic and back-arc extensional settings. Although the continental crust may play a significant role in the formation of tin deposits, the geochemical data presented here suggest that partial melting of tin-enriched mantle above a subduction zone may be the single most important genetic factor.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":129026501,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2064226583","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.SP.1977.007.01.03","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The importance of mitochondria for cellular respiration, ATP synthesis and involvement in cell signaling pathways impacting cell proliferation, differentiation or death is now recognized. Due to the broad roles of mitochondria in cellular function, it is not surprising that mitochondrial malfunction has been shown to be a crucial factor in several diseases, including metabolic and neuromuscular diseases and also pathophysiological processes such as aging. However, it remains unclear how mitochondria interact with other organelles. While it is known that mitochondria have physical contact sites with other organelles, the communication via signaling pathways remains unclear. This thesis focuses on the mechanisms by which acute and chronic mitochondrial stresses impact lysosomal biogenesis and function. \nIn order to approach our goals, cellular models of acute and chronic mitochondrial malfunction were generated using chemical inhibitors of mitochondrial function or silencing the expression of a key mitochondrial respiratory chain subunit. This thesis shows that mitochondrial malfunction regulates lysosomal biogenesis via microphtalmia transcription factor family. Furthermore, we found that this increase in lysosomal biogenesis correlates with an increase in autophagic flux. \nInterestingly, we found that the effect of mitochondrial malfunction over lysosomal biogenesis acts in different manners depending on the persistence of the mitochondrial defect. Acute mitochondrial malfunction triggers lysosomal biogenesis which is AMPK-dependent. However, chronic mitochondrial malfunction results in AMPK repression, in an uncoordinated transcriptional program lysosomal biogenesis and in dysfunctional swollen lysosomes, with the consequent accumulation of autophagolysosomes. This thesis also shows that cells with chronic mitochondrial malfunction are not able to trigger the canonical TFEB pathway. \nFurthermore, we found that those dysfunctional lysosomes that have a pH less acidic than the control cells could be the cause of the decreased lysosomal performance since the optimal pH for lysosomal enzymes is acidic (4.5-5). We also found that pharmacologic activation of a lysosomal calcium channel, MCOLN1, is able to rescue the aberrant morphology of the swollen lysosomes present in chronic mitochondrial malfunction and most interestingly, also rescues the pH in those lysosomes taking it back to the range observed in control cells. \nThis work contributes to the knowledge of mitochondrial-lysosomal interactions, revealing an integrated perspective which shows differences between acute and chronic mitochondrial malfunction and the diversity of their effects on lysosomal homeostasis. Moreover, the discovery of the pivotal role played by the MCOLN1 channel, in lysosomal impairment caused by chronic mitochondrial malfunction, provides a target of interest for mitochondrial diseases.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":91123641,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2611142423","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The volumes in this set take a comparative approach to human and animal psychology and give a valuable insight into thinking about similarities and differences between humans and animals prevalent in the 1920s and 1930s.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":90576465,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1570313058","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/2801500","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Statistics are widely used to describe data. These data mostly non-spatial that doesnot involve the coordinates or the location of an object. Nowadays statistics have employedspatial data with new variables called spatial metrics. This article intends to use statisticalanalysis as a means of describing a spatial data in Jakarta Metropolitan Region (Jabotabek) asa research area. Fragstats was used as statistical analysis tool with the Idrisi Selva softwarev17 for satellite-image processing which was downloaded from Landsat satellites on the UnitedStates Geological Survey (USGS) page for two time periods, 1988 and 2015. Statistical analysisshows that land growth in the jabotabek area was dominated by infilling and edge expansioncharacteristic where land developments tend to fill the edges and empty spaces betweenexisting fields.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":187730867,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2746190796","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Despite a sharp spike in unemployment since March 2020, aggregate wage growth has accelerated. This acceleration has been almost entirely attributable to job losses among low-wage workers. Wage growth for those who remain employed has been flat. This pattern is not unique to COVID-19 but is more profound now than in previous recessions. This means that, in the wake of the virus, evaluations of the labor market must rely on a dashboard of indicators, rather than any single measure, to paint a complete picture of the losses and the recovery.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":225183939,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3082632442","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A dynamic, micromagnetic recording process simulation is used to predict signal and noise for barium ferrite media. The model has a high spatial (particulate level) and temporal ( approximately=10\/sup -9\/ s) resolution. The theory includes head saturation, image charge, particle magnetostatic interactions, and particle anisotropy. Most input media and head characteristics are taken from direct measurements, such as electron microscopy or magnetometry, or from the literature. However, several variables, such as head-medium spacing, can only be estimated from the available data; errors in these estimates could affect the predicted numbers by several dBV. Overall, the calculations yield very high accuracy; both signal and bulk erase noise match experiment to within approximately=1 dBV. This unusually close agreement for the bulk erase noise is obtained without the benefit of particle-particle interactions. This latter point places barium ferrite in interesting contrast to acicular particle media where interactions are believed to substantially reduce short-wavelength bulk erase noise. >","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":123526090,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2130513117","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/20.24519","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose: Available evidence indicates that kinetochore-localized astrin\/SPAG5-binding protein (KNSTRN) is an oncogene in skin carcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of KNSTRN in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) underlying the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Methods: The relationship between clinicopathological features and KNSTRN was analyzed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test and logistic regression. The clinicopathological characteristics associated with overall survival (OS) were evaluated using Cox regression and the Kaplan-Meier method. Gene ontology (GO) analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) were performed using TCGA data. Results: The KNSTRN expression level was found to be significantly higher in LUAD tissue than in normal lung tissue. Also, it correlated significantly with advanced clinicopathological characteristics. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve revealed a significant relationship of high expression of KNSTRN with poor OS in patients with LUAD. The multivariate Cox regression hazard model demonstrated the KNSTRN expression level as an independent prognostic factor for patients with LUAD. GO and GSEA analyses indicated the involvement of KNSTRN in cell cycle checkpoints, DNA replication, and G2-M checkpoint M phase. Based on ssGSEA analysis, KNSTRN had a positive relationship with Th2 cells and CD56dim natural killer cells. The KNSTRN expression levels in several types of immune cells were significantly different. Conclusion: The findings suggested that the increased expression level of KNSTRN was significantly associated with the progression of LUAD and could also serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for patients with LUAD.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":225862636,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3092347861","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-31066\/v1","PubMedCentral":"8100810","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-31066\/v1.pdf?c=1637260809000","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present a conditional space-time POD formulation that is tailored to the eduction of the average, rare or intermittent event from an ensemble of realizations of a fluid process. By construction, the resulting spatio-temporal modes are coherent in space and over a pre-defined finite time horizon and optimally capture the variance, or energy of the ensemble. For the example of intermittent acoustic radiation from a turbulent jet, we introduce a conditional expectation operator that focuses on the loudest events, as measured by a pressure probe in the far-field and contained in the tail of the pressure signal's probability distribution. Applied to high-fidelity simulation data, the method identifies a statistically significant `prototype', or average acoustic burst event that is tracked over time. Most notably, the burst event can be traced back to its precursor, which opens up the possibility of prediction of an imminent burst. We furthermore investigate the mechanism underlying the prototypical burst event using linear stability theory and find that its structure and evolution is accurately predicted by optimal transient growth theory. The jet-noise problem demonstrates that the conditional space-time POD formulation applies even for systems with probability distributions that are not heavy-tailed, i.e. for systems in which events overlap and occur in rapid succession.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":118909822,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2901788288","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1811.07962"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In many real world (binary) classification problems it is easy to obtain unlabeled data, but labeled data are very expensive or simply unavailable. In certain cases, however, such as in the problem of detecting frauds in (computer) games, or insider trading in stock markets, one can assume that the unlabeled data contains very few samples from one class (fraudulent plays or insider trades), but it is possible to generate synthetic data from this class. Training a naive classifier on the above data is particularly suited for detecting frauds in Markov decision problems if the feature vectors of the classifier are composed of the frequency a player abates from the optimal policy in each state and the associated excess reward. Based on a synthetic example in blackjack, we demonstrate that the above classification method can perform quite well even in the case the generated positive samples come from a distribution different to the real one. The method is also applied to identify possibly fraudulent trades in the stock market.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":17335699,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2189044068","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important vegetable crops and the fourth most important edible crop after the three major cereal crops. It is considered as an approximately complete diet food because of its nutritional value. Its center of origin is Peru, South America. In Punjab, Pakistan, the districts of Sahiwal and Okara serve as the core areas of potato cultivation. Thirty-three potato genotypes were collected from the core areas of Punjab for characterization. The genetic diversity of potato germplasm was assessed on the basis of morphophysiological traits. This experiment was conducted with a randomized complete block design and three replications. The data on 14 morphological and physiological traits were recorded. Analysis of variance indicated the presence of highly significant variation for each physiological and morphological trait. Correlation analysis showed that plant yield was highly correlated with the number of tubers per plant (0.484), tuber weight (0.648), and chlorophyll contents (0.365). By contrast, tuber dry matter exhibited a significant highly negative association with tuber moisture content (\u22120.753). Algorithmic hierarchical cluster analysis allocated the genotypes into four distinct clusters. Cluster 2, which was the largest cluster, comprised 18 genotypes. By contrast, cluster 4 was the smallest cluster and contained only two genotypes. The results of diversity analysis obtained through hierarchical clustering were further validated through principal component analysis (PCA). PCA provided five significant principal components that contributed 72.39% of the total variation. The principal components of the biplot explained 41.95% of the total variation, with tuber moisture content and tuber dry matter as distinct traits. Cultivars 'SH-5', 'SH 7-18', 'Simply Red,' and 'Ruby' were the vertex genotypes in the biplot. Results indicated the prevalence of significant variation in the tested germplasm. Furthermore, the assessment of diversity at the molecular level is recommended for the further validation of genetic diversity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":245500751,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.54910\/sabrao2021.53.4.2","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction: Achalasia is an esophageal motor disorder. Patients with achalasia may have lung disorders-obstruction because of 99mega-esophagus99 compression on trachea or other respiratory symptoms due to microaspiration Method: 27 patients with achalasia underwent pulmonary (spirometry, body plethysmography, helium dilution tests,CT) and gastrointestinal tests Results: The mean age of patients was 51,5 years. The mean of dilated esophagus was 6 cm. All of patients have some of respiratory symptoms -cough, wheezing, fatigue, dyspnea. Nine patients (35%) had parenchymal lung changes on CT-3 with air trapping, 1 nodular changes, 1 consolidation, 4 with fibrosis. Fifteen patients (60%) had functional changes-28% obstructive and 32% restrictive. Nineteen (73%) had hyperinflation measured by plethysmography. But 61% of them was pseudo hyperinflation that has been demonstrated measuring by helium dilution test. This significant difference in the existence of hyperinflation is because the plethysmography covers whole body so there is included a greater amount of air that is in extended part of esophagus. That is demonstrated in measuring the helium dilution gas because only inhaled gas is retained in the lungs so we can see whether there is indeed an increase in the static volume and hyperinflation or not. For now we have only 6 patient9s functional tests after operation, and 5 of them reduced i.e. normalized hyperinflation, which is another proof of the existence of pseudo hyperinflation Conclusion: Awareness of association of achalasia and lung disorders is important in treatment because of false results such as obstruction and hyperinflation, and we can see that only if we done few more than standard tests and after operation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":79127342,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2551791920","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.CONGRESS-2016.PA3723","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Key Table is an interactive device developed by the Interaction Research Studio as part of the Equator project, a six-year Interdisciplinary Research Collaboration, funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). During the project, the piece was loaned to various households for field study.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":109480303,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1837831973","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cantilever resonators have been fabricated from two types of materials, single crystal and polycrystalline 3C-SiC films. The films have been grown in a hot-wall chemical vapor deposition reactor on 100 mm diameter p-type boron-doped (100) Si wafer without rotation of the wafer. The crystal structure of the films have been accessed with X-ray diffraction. The cantilever devices have been fabricated using a one-step etch and release process; the beam length has been varied between 50 and 200 \u00b5m. Resonant frequencies in the range 110 KHz \u2013 1.5 MHz and 50 \u2013 750 KHz have been obtained for single crystal and polycrystalline SiC devices, respectively. Furthermore, the experimental resonance frequencies have been used to calculate the Young's Modulus E for the two different types of SiC. The single crystal SiC, possessing a very high Young's Modulus (446 GPa), should be an optimal material for RF-MEMS applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":135876668,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1979214020","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.615-617.625","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A brief investigation was conducted in the altitude wind tunnel to determine the extent to which the afterburner shell cooling problem could be alleviated by internal configuration changes. Data were obtained with and without a cooling liner installed and for variations in the radial fuel distribution and in the radial distribution in flame-seat area. Consideration is given to the effects on both shell temperature and afterburner performance. In the range of fuel-air ratio investigated, the use of a cooling liner resulted in substantial reductions in shell temperature with no penalty in performance. Appreciable reductions in afterburner shell temperature were made possible by control of the radial fuel distribution; however, the effects on performance are uncertain and may depend on other variables not investigated. No direct relation was found between shell temperature and the clearance between the flame holder and the shell; however, some cooling effect may possibly be achieved by varying the clearance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":107030967,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"620322006","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic patients may be related to cholinergic hyperresponsiveness. In this study, we examined whether chronic allergen exposure induces cholinergic hyperresponsiveness in ovalbumin (OA) sensitized guinea-pig airways. Three weeks after active sensitization, ovalbumin (0.03%, for 3 min, challenged group) or saline inhalation (control group) was repeated every day for 4 weeks. Cholinergic responses were assessed by isometric tracheal contraction after electrical field stimulation (EFS) or exogenously applied acetylcholine (ACh). The contractions were expressed as a percentage of the maximum response to ACh (10(-3) M) (AChmax). We calculated the effective frequencies producing 25% of AChmax (EF25) from frequency-response curves. EFS-induced contractile responses were significantly enhanced in the challenged group (logEF25 = 0.66 +\/- 0.08 (mean +\/- SEM)) compared with the control group (logEF25 = 1.12 +\/- 0.16). In contrast, exogenous ACh-mediated contractile tracheal responses were almost the same in both groups. We conclude that repeated allergen inhalation causes cholinergic airway hyperresponsiveness, presumably due to the facilitation of cholinergic neurotransmission. This mechanism may be involved in the airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic airways.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":25428025,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1920342200","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.95.08050752","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/erj.ersjournals.com\/content\/erj\/8\/5\/752.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Tool Condition Monitoring (TCM) is a necessary action during end-milling process as worn milling-tool might irreversibly damage the work-piece. So, there is an urgent need for a TCM system to provide an evaluation of the tool-wear progress and resulted surface roughness. Principally, in-process tool-wear and surface roughness measurements requires costly stopping of the milling machine. However, to implement the condition monitoring system, resulted signals of milling process are utilized to form a reference model that detects the performance of the system non-intrusively. Therefore, the needed milling-process reference model have to apply more beneficial feature extraction and AI techniques. Since the signals are continuous, their time-frequency analysis are applied for feature extraction. Also, proper AI-based modeling techniques have to be joined together to form a repeatable and generalizable reference model. As one of the available AI techniques that can make an insightful change in traditional AI based modeling techniques for the process, clustering methods are applied on the wavelet features of milling signal as an interpretation layer between the sensor signals and the next artificial intelligent blocks. This paper illustrates the consistency and repeatability of different clustering methods on wavelet features of force and vibration signal as well as a comparison in accordance to their performance and possible generalization for online condition monitoring and sequential clustering. Finally, fuzzy C-means clustering method is shown to be a useful AI-based block for a noise-robust and generalizable ball-nose milling reference model while it provides suitable platform for further investigations regarding online fault diagnosis and prognosis and sequential clustering.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":7890348,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2040967239","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICIEA.2012.6360914","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To overcome the low adhesion of hydrogen-free DLC films on metal substrates, in this studying, DLC films (0.9\u03bcm) were prepared with 3 types of interlayer (2 types of Ti\/TiCx\/DLC interlayer and 1 type of Ti\/TiNx\/TiNxCy\/DLC interlayer) on different substrates (W18Cr4V, Cr12, GCr15, TC4, 40Cr, 9Cr18 and Cr18Ni9Ti). The internal stress of the films was calculated by the bending of substrate (Si(100)). It was found that it is as high as 3.9GPa, and part of the high residual stress of the DLC films was dissipated through a compound interlayers, and the thick films achieved, and the pull tests found that the adhesion has been highly strengthened with a proper interlayer. The films structure qualities were investigated by Raman spectroscopy and the results indicate that the films have the same structure properties which suggests that the properties of the DLC films can not been affected by substrates. The hardness is about 5000HV, defined by nanoindentation techniques. The frictional properties were investigated by reciprocal sliding tests and the friction coefficient was about 0.1, independent of their substrates. Thus our DLC films may have great potential applications in precision parts tribological application.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":137304071,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2052053237","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.373-374.117","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\nNegative aspects, staff dissatisfaction and problems related to internal organisational factors of working in elderly care are well-known and documented. Much less is known about positive aspects of working in elderly care, and therefore, this study focuses on such positive factors in Swedish elderly care. We combined two theoretical models, the effort-reward imbalance model and the Transformational Leadership Style model. The aim was to estimate the potential associations between employee-perceived transformational leadership style of their managers, and employees' ratings of effort and reward within elderly care work.\n\n\nMETHODS\nThe article is based on questionnaires distributed at on-site visits to registered nurses, occupational therapists, physiotherapists (high-level education) and assistant nurses (low-level education) in nine Swedish elderly care facilities. In order to grasp the positive factors of work in elderly care, we focused on balance at work, rather than imbalance.\n\n\nRESULTS\nWe found a significant association between employees' effort-reward balance at work and a transformational leadership style among managers. An association was also found between employees' level of education and their assessments of the first-level managers.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nWe conclude that the first-level manager is an important actor for achieving a good workplace within elderly care, since she\/he influences employees' psychosocial working environment. We also conclude that there are differences and inequalities, in terms of well-being, effort and reward at the work place, between those with academic training and those without, in that the former group to a higher degree evaluated their first-level manager to perform a transformational leadership style, which in turn is beneficial for their psychosocial work environment. Consequently, this (re)-produce inequalities in terms of well-being, effort and reward among the employees at the work place.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":3626936,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2751193141","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/scs.12475","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The coming energy transition in residential neighbourhoods in the Netherlands is the result of the increasing cost of CO2 emission and the decreasing costs of solar PhotoVoltaics (PV) and alternative techniques of residential heating, namely Combined Heat and Power (CHP) and heat pump. The optimal transition is found by minimizing the total discounted social costs of residential energy consumption and generation. Social costs include the cost of CO2 emission and the investment in the electric network. The model integrates economics and the electric constraints based on the Alternating Current (AC) network power flow. The results indicate that in the optimal transition nearly all houses are going to use an air-to-water heat pump with auxiliary gas heating. This shift from gas to electricity depends very little on the future CO2 price or the network costs. Solar PV is not yet socially profitable at this moment. The \"business case\" for a household, using private costs, includes taxes and excludes CO2 costs and uses a higher discount rate. In the resulting optimum no heat pumps are used. However, reducing the ratio of the electricity tax versus the gas tax moves the private optimum to the social optimum. In order to use the model (with GAMS) or to verify table 18 (with Octave\/Matlab), download the packed file below (If needed: rename it from .txt to .zip and unpack the file). After the publication , the following problem was noted by a reader. According to section 5.3, first paragraph, the heat pump is socially optimal in the old neighbourhood. However, in general this is somewhat unrealistic: the heat pump has a low water temperature, requiring enlarging the capacity of the radiators. Also: \"starting at 20 euro\" at page 11 is simply the actual value up to 2010.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":55478012,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2268582303","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2186475","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.cpb.nl\/sites\/default\/files\/publicaties\/download\/cpb-discussion-paper-222-socially-optimal-energy-transition-residential-neighbourhood-netherlands.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In order to study on methods for and effect of improving performances of recycled concrete, this paper has adopted the recycled aggregates intensified by dipping in the chemical grout, on which basis, the recycled concrete is prepared through the double admixing technology, i.e. mixing of the high-quality mineral admixture and the high-efficient water reducer. The chloride ion permeability of the recycled concrete is researched in the laboratory. In the test, the electric flux, the total chloride ion content and the free chloride ion content at different depths of the recycled concrete have been obtained. The research has shown that dipping in the chemical grout is an effective way to intensify recycled aggregates and that recycled concrete prepared with the intensified recycled aggregates, high-quality mineral admixture and high-efficient water reducer features favorable permeability resistance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110921892,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2161875181","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.71-78.1572","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: Previous studies have only investigated the antecedents of branding and disregarded its consequences as well as the individual brand of the entrepreneurs; they have also implemented quantitative approaches. In addition, the foreign research has only examined the factors affecting the formation of individual brand. Therefore, it was necessary for a comprehensive analysis of all the factors affecting individual branding and its outcomes in order to categorize these factors and propose them in the form of a conceptual model. This study intends to identify the set of factors that have played a role in branding of the entrepreneurs in order to provide the grounds for individual branding of other entrepreneurs. Therefore, the main purpose of the present research is to develop a comprehensive model to identify the factors affecting the individual branding of the entrepreneurs in Isfahan and its consequences. The results of this study can be useful for the formation of brands for the people, especially entrepreneurs who seek to develop personal brand, reputation, popularity and business success and even seek to improve the brand of their own product. \n\u00a0 \nMethodology: This research is developmental in term of purpose and fundamental-exploratory in terms of method. Moreover, it has used a mixed method approach (combination of qualitative and quantitative methods), which is qualitative in the first phase and is presented in a quantitative manner in the second phase. Thematic analysis was used for the qualitative part of the study; however, purposeful sampling method was ipplied in the qualitative part of this research. The statistical population of this study included the entrepreneurs who have been identified by the Chamber of Commerce, industry experts, and the unions as individual brands in the field of entrepreneurship in Isfahan. According to the saturation approach, a sample size of 18 people was considered adequate for this study. The data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed by human resources experts, in the quantitative part and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha value of 0.86. \n\u00a0 \nFindings: In this study, 225 primary codes were identified in the interview process. The initial codes were then packaged and sorted until 97 selection codes were obtained. As a result, 12 sub-themes and 4 main themes were extracted. Based on the obtained model, two categories of factors have been effective in formation of the individual brand among the entrepreneurs in Isfahan: internal factors including personality, competence and appearance factors as well as external factors including organizational, social, and family factors. The consequences of Individual brand also included individual, organizational, and social implications; finally, individual brand dimensions included the influence, reputation, and trust of the individual brand. \n\u00a0 \nConclusion: The results showed that it is necessary to pay attention to both internal and external factors for the formation of individual branding. Internal factors are related to the individuals and the external factors are related to the environment. The results also showed that the most important element of individual branding is the distinction of that particular individual from the others which can be observed in a specific field or an individual competence in a particular field. Individual branding will not make sense as long as there is no individual distinction. The results further indicated the important role of society and community in word-of-mouth advertisement and the power of social networks that can be important and effective in individual branding. Such individual brands can also have consequences which can benefit themselves, the organization, or even the community.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":233885987,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3134564278","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22059\/JIBM.2020.292787.3707","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Compton scattering of a laser beam with a relativistic electron beam has been used to generate intense, highly polarized and nearly monoenergetic x-ray or gamma-ray beams at many facilities. The ability to predict the spatial, spectral and temporal characteristics of a Compton gamma-ray beam is crucial for the optimization of the operation of a Compton light source as well as for the applications utilizing the Compton beam. In this paper, we present two approaches, one based upon analytical calculations and the other based upon Monte Carlo simulations, to study the Compton scattering process for various electron and laser beam parameters as well as different gamma-beam collimation conditions. These approaches have been successfully applied to characterize Compton gamma-ray beams, after being benchmarked against experimental results at the High Intensity Gamma-ray Source (HIGS) facility at Duke University.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":118542774,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2020152583","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevSTAB.14.044701","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1101.4433"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the present work selective oxidation of methanol over the model Mo\/Fe2O3 and Mo\/Co(Zn) Fe2O4 systems has been investigated. It was shown that pure iron oxide and cobalt ferrite combust methanol to carbon dioxide and water. When molybdenum is loaded on the surface of iron oxide and calcined at 500 C, this leads to the formation of iron molybdate surface layer over Fe2C>3 core, which significantly changes selectivity in methanol oxidation towards partial oxidation products. The neighbouring Fe-Mo and Mo-Mo pairs of iron molybdate layer are responsible for the formation of carbon monoxide and formaldehyde respectively. According to XRD, Raman and XPS data, dosing of molybdenum onto the cobalt ferrite surface results in the formation of a mixed layer consisting of cobalt molybdate, iron molybdate and molybdena phases. Oxidation of methanol over Mo\/CoFe2O4 results in the formation of a mixture of CO and CO2 with small traces of formaldehyde. CO is produced on mixed Fe-Mo and Co-Mo sites at temperatures above 220 C, whereas CO2 is mainly produced at lower temperatures and low oxygen conversion due to oxidation of CO by highly reactive traces of pure cobalt ferrite or cobalt molybdate present on the surface. Methanol oxidation was used as a model reaction to establish whether there is a relationship between catalytic activity and selectivity, and magnetic properties of catalysts. The catalytic behaviour of the pure and Mo impregnated ZnxCoi-xFe2O4 systems in the vicinity of Curie point was studied. Curie temperature of the material and the nature of Curie transition were adjusted varying Zn content and sample calcination temperature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":94463980,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1590767626","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The last decade has seen a rapid expansion and deepening of the types of vehicles that fund start-up firms in the U.S. and worldwide. In particular, we have seen a growing role of angel groups and other more \"individualistic\" funding options for start-ups, such as super angels or crowd sourcing platforms. \nAuthors seek to understand the nature and consequences of angel investments across a variety of geographies with varying levels of venture capital markets and other forms of risk capital. They ask whether angel investors improve the outcomes and performance of the start-ups they invest in. Furthermore we want to understand whether and how the types of firms that seek angel funding vary with the overall entrepreneurial ecosystem in a country. \nAuthors examine the records of 13 angel investment groups based in 12 nations and with applicants for financing transactions from 21 nations, examining both the applicants that were considered and rejected and those that were funded. \nKey findings from the analysis are two-fold. First, angel investors have a positive impact on the growth of the firms they fund, their performance, and survival. Second, they find that the selection of firms that apply for angel funding is different across countries.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":167402810,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2174657124","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The role of information is undeniable in promoting public health (1-3). \"Access to health information for all\" was the slogan of the World Health Organization in 2004 (4). The proving of this slogan requires access to health information by beneficiaries (health professionals and patients). Access to health information by specialists as partly been achieved, but access to health information for patients and their families is considered low (5-7), which could have adverse effects. Health professionals have quick and easy access to information through libraries and medical information centers, participation in seminars, exchange of scientific information with other professionals, as well as identifying ways to effectively access to health information, but patients and their families do not have access to such facilities and capabilities. Therefore, patients and their families are faced with a phenomenon known as \"inequity in access to health information\" and the continuation of the injustice leads to health information poverty. Thus, the main question now is what we should do? It seems that the government needs to develop a national policy in the field of health information and it is the most important step. In the next step, the government should expand the concept production via using potentials of different organizations like public media (TV and Radio), health ministry and press and increase the access of patients to health information in the easy language (level of health information between health professionals and patients is different).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":157637787,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2529418456","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In order to maximize the benefits of the national economy's macro-distribution and redistribution of educational resources, it is necessary to solve the problem of the optimal and reasonable allocation in the education system. Whether it takes the form of urban and rural education regional community, compulsory education school district system, teacher community, and so on, it must be based on the distribution of high-quality resources. Educational resources are limited, and new resources cannot be wasted due to reintegration. Therefore, the government must implement macro-control, seriously conduct investigations and feasibility studies, and adopt relatively reasonable allocations to achieve a relatively balanced target for limited educational resources. The balance of educational resources is not only the core of China's higher education development, but also the key to the good development of each university in China. This article analyzes and studies the balance of higher educational resources in China from the perspective of supply side, from the extension of supply side reform in higher education, the analysis of the balance of higher educational resources, and the optimization of balance of higher education resources. Making in-depth research, this paper points out the problems in the balance reform of higher education resources in China from the supply side, and reasonably put forward the relevant approaches of equity in Education.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":238281378,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3169952579","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper first discusses the importance of discrete event simulation (DES) in the business school curriculum. It next notes how small Macintosh lap tops have become increasingly popular among business students. We next discuss what DES software is available on the Mac, first directly, then indirectly by running DES software for Windows in some way on the Mac. Noting that there is not much simple DES software on the Mac, but yet a great demand for such software from many business students, we turn to the transfer of one pedagogical software system, aGPSS, from Windows to the Mac. We here first give a brief historic background of aGPSS. Next we discuss some of the problems encountered when transferring aGPSS to the Mac. The paper ends with a brief discussion of some pedagogical aspects of using aGPSS on the Mac in the teaching of basic management science.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":10628393,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2573197332","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2016.7822370","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is a high economic value horticultural crop that is cultivated in some regions of Indonesia under fertilization management. Application of inorganic fertilizer continuously can reduce soil microbial abundance. One of the soil microbial that promote plant growth is arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Azospirillum sp. The aim of this study was to analysed the effect of AMF and Azospirillum sp. in promoting growth and production of melon. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse and was arranged in a completely randomized design with five replicates. Five treatments tested were: control, fertilized with NPK, inoculated with AMF, inoculated with Azospirillum sp., inoculated with AMF + Azospirillum sp. The results showed that the effect of AMF on root growth and shoot growth were similar to NPK fertilizer. Azospirillum sp. increased root growth. On the other side, the effect of Azospirillum sp. on shoot growth was similar to NPK fertilizer. However, AMF and Azospirillum sp. inoculation solely increased plant height, fruit weight, fruit diameter, flavor and length of fruit storage. Meanwhile, combination of AMF and Azospirillum sp. increased plant height, root growth, shoot growth, fruit weight, fruit diameter, flavor and length of fruit storage. This study revealed that application of AMF and Azospirillum sp. in melon cultivation was more effective and efficient than NPK fertilizer. Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Azospirillum sp., Cucumis melo L.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":53999901,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2605347564","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.24831\/JAI.V44I2.13490","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Outcomes of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in hospitalized patients with ESRD requiring maintenance dialysis are unknown. Outcomes of in-hospital CPR in these patients were compared with outcomes in the general population using data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS; 2005-2011). The study population included all adults (\u2265 18 years old) from the general population and those with a history of ESRD. Baseline characteristics, in-hospital complications, and discharge outcomes were compared between the two groups. The effects of in-hospital CPR on mortality, length of stay, hospitalization charges, and discharge destination were analyzed. Yearly national trends in survival, discharge to home, and length of stay were also examined using the Cochran-Armitage trend test. During the study period, 56,069 patients with ESRD underwent in-hospital CPR compared with 323,620 patients from the general population. Unadjusted in-hospital mortality rates were higher in patients with ESRD (73.9% versus 71.8%, P<0.001) on univariate analysis. After adjusting for age, gender, and potential confounders, patients with ESRD had higher odds of mortality (odds ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.11 to 1.3; P<0.001). Survival after CPR improved in the year 2011 compared with 2005 (31% versus 21%, P<0.001). Multivariate analysis also revealed that a greater proportion of patients with ESRD who survived were discharged to skilled nursing facilities. In conclusion, outcomes after in-hospital CPR are improving in patients with ESRD but remain worse than outcomes in the general population. Patients with ESRD who survive are more likely to be discharged to nursing homes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":10771750,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2144791558","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014080766","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Program translation aims to translate source code from one programming language to another. It is particularly useful in applications such as multiple-platform adaptation and legacy code migration. Traditional rule-based program translation methods usually rely on meticulous manual rule-crafting, which is costly both in terms of time and effort. Recently, neural network based methods have been developed to address this problem. However, the absence of high-quality parallel code data is one of the main bottlenecks which impedes the development of program translation models. In this paper, we introduce CoST, a new multilingual Code Snippet Translation dataset that contains parallel data from 7 commonly used programming languages. The dataset is parallel at the level of code snippets, which provides much more fine-grained alignments between different languages than the existing translation datasets. We also propose a new program translation model that leverages multilingual snippet denoising auto-encoding and Multilingual Snippet Translation (MuST) pre-training. Extensive experiments show that the multilingual snippet training is effective in improving program translation performance, especially for low-resource languages. Moreover, our training method shows good generalizability and consistently improves the translation performance of a number of baseline models. The proposed model outperforms the baselines on both snippet-level and program-level translation, and achieves state-of-the-art performance on CodeXGLUE translation task. The code, data, and appendix for this paper can be found at https:\/\/github.com\/reddy-lab-code-research\/MuST-CoST.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-10":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":245216916,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v36i10.21434","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/ojs.aaai.org\/index.php\/AAAI\/article\/download\/21434\/21183","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, I consider dialogue in Parliament as central, because it is the dialogic instances that bring to the fore the multivocality of political discourse, and I will show there are \"other voices [speaking] through the speaking voice\" (Ionescu-Rux\u0103ndoiu 2012, 152). I also start from the premise that, although restrictive and context dependent, in political discourse one may identify instances of the self. Politicians exploit language use with the purpose of creating emotions in their audience and their aim is to influence public opinion, to make voters think he\/ she is \"the right man at the right time\". Using extracts from the speeches delivered by a controversial Romanian politician, Corneliu Vadim Tudor, I will dwell upon the active management of voices in discourse as well as on projection of self into discourse with a view to discussing them as strategies used to construct a politician's professional identity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":147458295,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2292953888","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1075\/LD.5.3.04SAF","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: In 2008, the Swiss Civil Code was amended. From 1 January 2013, each Swiss canton may propose specific provisions for involuntary outpatient treatment (community treatment orders (CTOs)) for individuals with mental disorders. Aim: This review catalogues the legal provisions of the various Swiss cantons for CTOs and outlines the differences between them. It sets this in the context of variations in clinical provisions between the cantons. Methods: Databases were searched to obtain relevant publications about CTOs in Switzerland. The Swiss Medical Association, Swiss Federal Statistical Office, Swiss Health Observatory and all the 26 Cantonal medical officers were contacted to complete the information. Conf\u00e9rence des cantons en mati\u00e8re de protection des mineurs et des adultes (COPMA), the authority which monitors guardianship legislation, and Pro Mente Sana, a patients' right association, were also approached. Results: Three articles about CTOs in Switzerland were identified. Psychiatric provisions vary considerably between cantons and only a few could provide complete or even partial figures for rates of compulsion in previous years. Prior to 2013, only 6 of the 20 cantons, for which information was returned, had any provision for CTOs. Now, every canton has some form of legal basis but the level of detail is often limited. In eight cantons, the powers of the measure are not specified (for example, use of medication). In 12 cantons, the maximum duration of the CTO is not specified. German speaking cantons and rural cantons are more likely to specify the details of CTOs. Conclusion: Highly variable Swiss provision for CTOs is being introduced despite the absence of convincing international evidence for their effectiveness or good quality data on current coercive practice. Careful monitoring and assessment of these new cantonal provisions are essential.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":43580285,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1964247054","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0020764013513439","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Growth inhibition in acid soils due to Al stress affects crop production worldwide. To understand mechanisms in sensitive crops that are affected by Al stress, a proteomic analysis of primary tomato root tissue, grown in Al-amended and non-amended liquid cultures, was performed. DIGE-SDS-MALDI-TOF-TOF analysis of these tissues resulted in the identification of 49 proteins that were differentially accumulated. Dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, and catalase enzymes associated with antioxidant activities were induced in Al-treated roots. Induced enzyme proteins associated with detoxification were mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, catechol oxidase, quinone reductase, and lactoylglutathione lyase. The germin-like (oxalate oxidase) proteins, the malate dehydrogenase, wali7 and heavy-metal associated domain-containing proteins were suppressed. VHA-ATP that encodes for the catalytic subunit A of the vacuolar ATP synthase was induced and two ATPase subunit 1 isoforms were suppressed. Several proteins in the active methyl cycle, including SAMS, quercetin 3-O-methyltransferase and AdoHcyase, were induced by Al stress. Other induced proteins were isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase and the GDSL-motif lipase hydrolase family protein. NADPH-dependent flavin reductase and beta-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase were suppressed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-20":2,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":31016149,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2119227714","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erp065","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jxb\/article-pdf\/60\/6\/1849\/1390575\/erp065.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT: A small percentage of apparent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) victims may have an unsuspected metabolic disorder. Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD) deficiency is a disorder of fatty acid oxidation that has been the most common such metabolic disorder found in series of SIDS victims. A single mutation in MCAD deficiency has been recently described (G-985) that accounts for approximately 90% of MCAD deficiency mutations. We studied the hypothesis that heterozygosity or homozygosity for this specific MCAD deficiency mutation might be associated with SIDS. DNA was extracted from the paraffin-embedded autopsy tissues of 67 victims of SIDS in Monroe county, NY who died between 1984 and 1989. Using the polymerase chain reaction\/Ncol digestion method, we found no G-985 homozygotes and three (4.5%) G-985 heterozygotes. In 70 newborn controls, there were no G-985 homozygotes and one (1.4%) heterozygote. Although the frequency of G-985 heterozygotes was slightly greater than in our control group, it was not statistically different. We conclude that the specific MCAD deficiency mutation G-985 is not strongly associated with SIDS and that MCAD deficiency probably does not make a significant contribution to the etiology of SIDS.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":34430741,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1974210573","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199204000-00001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr199263.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Increased use of Electronic Health Records (EHRs) systems has resulted in the need to provide quality EHR training to healthcare professionals. In this paper, we investigate the role of computer-based simulation training (Lateef, 2010; Bell et al., 2008). In simulation-based training (SBT), typical instruction is replaced with tasks that are designed to replicate real-world events or settings and manage an individual's experience in an \"artificial\" environment (Lateef, 2010; Salas et al., 2009; Bell et al., 2008). SBT can provide students with an improved learning experience that reduces perceived stress and improves EHR task efficiency and performance. This study uses media naturalness and compensatory adaptation theories to explain why, although computer-based training may be considered less natural, it is expected to have a positive effect on performance. While participants may struggle with less natural media at the beginning of a task, they can adapt and compensate for the missing naturalness, resulting in similar or improved performance (Kock, 2005; Kock & DeLuca, 2007). We develop a research model that describes how simulation-based EHR training can mitigate perceived participant stress and augment task efficiency by reducing time to complete EHR tasks, which, in turn, has a positive effect on task-based performance. We will empirically test the model with a unique dataset created from an EHR lab assessment and questionnaires completed by two third-year cohorts of medical students. The measurement instrument was developed based on previously validated instruments and demonstrated appropriate validity and reliability in this study (Kock et al., 2018). To test our research model, we will use partial least squares (PLS), a second-generation variance-based structural equation modeling technique (Chin 1998; Haenlein and Kaplan 2004; Kock 2010). We expect the results to show that simulation-based EHR training enables healthcare providers to reduce perceived stress and complete EHR tasks more efficiently, both of which would have a positive effect on task performance. The findings of this study will help to enhance our understanding of the positive role of simulation-based training, which stimulates individuals to achieve higher levels of efficiency, less stress, and increased levels of performance through the lens of the media naturalness and compensatory adaptation theories. The findings of this study will not only help academics explain theoretical relationships between simulation-based training and performance but also assist practitioners in achieving higher efficiency and effective performance, which are critical for better healthcare outcomes. This study also will enhance our understanding of the role of EHR use experience in modifying the relationship between simulation-based training and performance. This research will make several key contributions. First, the study in this research emphasizes the EHR-enabled performance-related benefits of simulation-based training. Second, this study identifies how (e.g., mediation of stress and efficiency) simulation-based training impacts performance. Third, to the best of our knowledge, this research presents the first study to incorporate the context (i.e., the moderating role of EHR use experience) under which simulation-based EHR training impacts performance. In summary, this study contributes important practical implications by demonstrating an improved method of training health care professionals in the use of EHRs, which will allow them to experience reduced levels of stress, and in turn, provide better care to patients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":226525108,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3042970820","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper explores the \"hidden costs of rewards\" in a dynamic principal-agent framework, in which an informed principal selects in each period a reward for an agent. It shows that rewards are often addictive in that once offered, a contingent reward makes the agent expect it whenever a similar task is faced. This expectation develops because rewards bring bad news: a higher reward is more likely to be offered when the task is difficult or the agent is weak. This, in turn, compels the principal to use rewards over and over again. Furthermore, in a long-term principal-agent relationship there is a two-sided ratchet effect: the principal is concerned about creating addiction for the agent, whereas the agent does not want to appear too enthusiastic. On the principal's side, the ratchet effect implies that there are fewer rewards in a long-term principal-agent relationship than in a situation where the agent faces transient principals while implementing a series of similar tasks. On the agent's side, ratcheting conflicts with a desire to work in order to acquire valuable information about the task attractiveness. If doing the task once allows the agent to fully learn its characteristics, addiction may not develop. In contrast, the principal may first promise a bonus when the task is easy, rather than difficult (or the agent is strong) so as to induce the agent to acquire the good news \"by doing\". Then, bonuses become redundant thereafter.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":142789166,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1608267279","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2308624","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Clinical Image \nBuschke lowenstein tumors also called giant condyloma acuminatum, is a rare sexually transmitted disease. Men are the most affected. A 28-year-old women, pregnant in 33 weeks came had a 15 cm an exophytic, ulcerative and cauliflower-shaped tumor on the perineal area evolving since only one month (Figure 1). It was not obstructive. A biopsy confirmed bushke loweinstein disease. The patient was referred to plastic surgery department after giving birth to a surgical treatment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":182804200,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2945700575","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4172\/2376-0249.1000637","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Our recent study [1] showed that culture modulates the manner of the multisensory integration of affective information. Specifically, Japanese are more tuned to vocal processing than Dutch in the multisensory perception of emotion. The current study aimed to extend the findings by adding an experiment and conducting further analyses on the results of their study. In the experiments, pairs of affective faces and voices, expressing either congruent or incongruent emotion, were presented simultaneously. In Experiment 1, although the performance on the facial judgment was very high, a selective interference that angry voice interfered with judgment of happy face was found for the in-group judgment of Japanese participants. Also, the interference effect of to-beignored face on the judgment of vocal expressions was smaller in the Japanese group than in the Dutch group. The results suggest that Japanese are more tuned to vocal processing in the multisensory perception of emotion, regardless of whether the difficulty is matched between judgments of facial and vocal expressions. In Experiment 2, the effect of to-be-ignored voice was larger for the in-group than out-group speakers when judging the facial expression, whereas the opposite result was found in the vocal judgment. The results suggest that the relative weight of facial and vocal expressions can be modulated by the familiarity with the speakers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":15115562,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2398108724","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper presents the main trends on the tomato market in Romania during 2008-2015. Tomatoes have a particular importance for the human consumption because they can be eaten fresh and on the other hand they are processed in a variety of canned foods. In order to clearly highlight the trends on the tomato market, the analysis was carried out at both national and macro regional level. A number of indicators specific to the tomato market have been analyzed, such as: tomato-cultivated are, tomato production, average yield per hectare of tomatoes, average purchase prices for field tomatoes, consumption of tomatoes. The amount of tomatoes purchased by a household; Imports and exports of tomatoes. The tendencies on the national tomato market were revealed by the quantitative analysis, which is focused mainly on the recorded fluctuations from one year to another. The data used in the paper was taken from the National Institute of Statistics and from other specialized sites.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":239995953,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"NORWEGIAN RHAPSODY. F. Melius Christiansen [M. Witmark and Sons]. We have so little worth while music written especially for band that the writer feels urged to extend himself in praising this addition to band music. The composer's accomplishments as conductor of the renowned St. Olaf Choir are sufficient guarantee of its musical quality, and his years of experience as conductor of bands assure us that the possibilities of the band are completely and properly exploited. The Norwegian Rhapsody is tuneful and dramatic without having the oversweet or ear-splitting moments of most present day original band compositions. Superior craftsmanship is shown in the finale where different, previously heard themes are simultaneously treated. Happily, the number is included in this year's national contest list. Class \u0392 as well as some Class C bands will find it most suitable as a selected number. Class A band teachers will find it so rich and strong that only with reluctance will they set it aside, if they do, for something more bombastic and, in their opinions, more suitable for contest work. Full score is available for this work.\u2014LEE M. LOCKHART.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":221065666,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/3384487","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although significant progress has been made in the field of automatic image captioning, it is still a challenging task. Previous works normally pay much attention to improving the quality of the generated captions but ignore the diversity of captions. In this paper, we combine determinantal point process (DPP) and reinforcement learning (RL) and propose a novel reinforcing DPP (R-DPP) approach to generate a set of captions with high quality and diversity for an image. We show that R-DPP performs better on accuracy and diversity than using noise as a control signal (GANs, VAEs). Moreover, R-DPP is able to preserve the modes of the learned distribution. Hence, beam search algorithm can be applied to generate a single accurate caption, which performs better than other RL-based models.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":199577343,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2967834053","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1908.04919"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Democracy does not have a uniform meaning. Ordinary people do not understand the same thing from democracy. Nevertheless, intellectuals and the political elite alike promote democracy as an ideal to be emulated. In addition, democracy literature does not extensively study the factors, which affect the ways in which ordinary people understand the term. A major goal of this research is to investigate how the context people occupy affects the ways in which they understand democracy. To do this, I use World Values Survey 6th wave, which was conducted between 2010 and 2014 and covers 60 countries. Analysis demonstrates that GDP per capita (PPP) is an important factor affecting the ways in which people define democracy. People in richer countries are more likely to consider procedural characteristics essential to democracy while people in poorer countries tend to consider economic characteristics as essential to democracy. This finding indicates the possibility of the presence of specific support to the regime in poorer countries and the presence of diffuse support to the regime in richer countries, making consolidation of democracy harder in poorer countries. Analysis also shows that in poorer countries authoritarian tendencies are higher among the people than among the people in richer countries. Analysis does not provide any evidence that the ways in which people define democracy shape the political regime. Comparative study of Egypt and Tunisia shows that two factors affect the outcome of transitions: elite coherence and electoral system preference.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":159302503,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2937973734","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"I. INTRODUCTION If the plaintiffs' bar were considered an industry, with annual revenue of almost $40 billion, it would be twice the size of Coca-Cola and 50% larger than either Intel or Microsoft. (1) The large revenue has contributed to ever-higher tort litigation costs, especially for corporations. As a whole, costs resulting from tort litigation in the United States exceed $250 billion a year; (2) tort claims against corporations account for $161 billion of those costs. (3) Though many of these cases have merit, many commentators suspect rampant abuse in the system. Specific to consumer fraud claims, Professor Scheuerman has noted that many consumer fraud class actions provide negligible relief to the plaintiff class. (4) For instance, in one case plaintiffs were awarded coupons for free bottled water as a result of a finding that they were deceived in that the water they purchased was not \"spring water\" as it was advertised. (5) As relief, the plaintiffs received coupons for something they alleged they did not want in the first place. The attorneys, on the other hand, received $1.35 million under the settlement agreement. (6) Many scholars have argued more generally that the class-action system in the United States is broken and allows rampant abuse. (7) one of the concerns raised in commentary is the belief that \"the class action was never designed to serve as a free-standing legal device for the purpose of 'doing justice,' nor is it a mechanism intended to serve as a roving policeman of corporate misdeeds or as a mechanism by which to redistribute wealth.\" (8) Essentially, critics argue the class action mechanism often results in \"[u]nwarranted [l]itigation\" and \"[j]udicial [b]lackmail,\" influences litigation outcomes, and allows plaintiffs' counsel to receive extraordinary benefits while the class members receive little. (9) Victor Schwartz has described the leverage created by class actions as \"legal extortion\" and \"legal shakedowns\" because he believes that class action attorneys, by bringing large lawsuits regardless of merit, drive down stock prices and force settlements. (10) Judge Richard Posner also has noted the difficult choice facing a corporate defendant--either risk the company on a single jury trial or settle regardless of any legal liability. (11) These commentators believe that the tort system should be striving to make plaintiffs whole after they have suffered a wrong, not serving as a regulator of the public good. Though the commentators' claims are strong, if not extreme, there is no doubt that waste results when major corporations have to spend millions a year to defend massive class actions based on spurious allegations. (12) Class actions arising under consumer protection statutes are an area of particular concern. This is due in part to the widespread use of these claims--approximately one-third of class actions against business defendants contain a consumer claim. (13) Many consumer protection statutes also allow for relaxed proof--compared to common law fraud claims--on issues like reliance and intent. Essentially, these statutes often purport to view a violative action or practice as the harm, irrespective of any actual damage to an individual. That said, a common thread in the judicial application of consumer protection statutes (commonly referred to as consumer fraud statutes) has been for courts to require a plaintiff to show something more than only the presence of a deceptive or unfair act; some courts have required a level of causation to be established between the complained of practice and an injury. Most statutes, however, do not expressly require that the plaintiff prove any reliance, and the courts generally have not required it. Difficulty arises, though, when a class action is brought under a consumer protection statute by plaintiffs who were allegedly injured by a deceptive practice but who either did not rely on the practice or relied on it in different ways. \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":14005983,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"571364231","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study aimed to determine avor trend of food products launched within major ASEAN countries of Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina and Thailand in 2006 \u2013 2010 where their domestic market continues to grow. Materials used in this study were secondary data-subscribed via Mintel, Euromoni- tor, Datamonitor and other literatures associated with launches, demographic, and culinary information. Product launches positively correlate with Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (R 2 =0.796). The ve common food categories of food products launched were non-alcoholic beverages, bakery, sauce and seasonings, snacks and dairy products. Domestic ranking (rank 1\u20134) of these food categories was slightly difference for each country. The 5th rank for each country was different i.e. Malaysia with dairy products, Indonesia with baby foods, Philippines with sugar and gum confectionery and Thailand with meals and meal centers. The difference was mostly related to social-economy factor. Flavor trends in non-alcoholic beverages were fruits and chocolate; bakery were chocolate, strawberry, vanilla and dairy such as cheese, milk and but- ter; sauce and seasonings were chili-pepper, soy sauce, tomato, barbeque; snacks were cheese, barbeque, spice\/spicy and dairy products were chocolate, strawberry, vanilla.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":169946477,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2936198848","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We explore monetary policy in a world without currency. In our world, money is a form of government debt that bears interest, which can be negative as well as positive. Services of money are a factor of production. We show that the national accounts must be revised in this world. Using our baseline economy, we determine the balanced growth paths for a set of money interest rate target policy regimes. Besides this interest rate, the only policy variable that differs across regimes is either the labor income tax rate or the inflation rate. We find that Friedman monetary satiation without deflation is possible. We also examine a set of inflation rate targeting regimes. Here, the only other policy variable that differs across policy regimes is the tax rate. There is a sequence of markets with outcome in each market being a Debreu valuation equilibrium, which determines the vector of assets and liabilities households take into the subsequent period. Evaluating a policy regime is an advanced exercise in public finance. Monetary satiation is not optimal even though money is costless to produce.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":157908050,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2656013525","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21034\/sr.530","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21034\/sr.530","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The objective of the present study was to investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity of the extracts and their fractions obtained from either the flowers or the leaves of Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum (Asteraceae), by studying inhibition of the growth of a dangerous food pathogen, Escherichia coli O157:H7. The antibacterial effects of the ethanol and water extracts of the flowers and leaves were examined first. Subsequently sub-extracts of the flower ethanol extract (FEE), which was found to be the most effective extract, were examined. As a result, the antibacterial effect of FEE was found to be stronger than that of the chloroform and ethyl acetate sub-extracts. This may due to synergistic activity of several components of the ethanol extract of the flowers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":85008417,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2054796989","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/13880200802590434","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Fatigue life of automotive engine mount insulator made of natural rubber was evaluated. In order to develop an appropriate fatigue damage parameter of the rubber material, a series of displacement controlled fatigue tests was conducted using 3-dimensional dumbbell specimens with different levels of mean displacement. It was shown that the maximum Green-Lagrange strain was a proper damage parameter, taking the mean displacement effects into account. Nonlinear finite element analyses of the rubber engine mount insulator and 3D dumbbell specimen were performed based on a hyper-elastic material model determined from the simple and equi-biaxial tension tests. Fatigue life prediction of the engine mount insulator was made by incorporating the maximum Green-Lagrange strain values, which was evaluated from the finite element analysis and fatigue tests, respectively. Predicted fatigue lives of the engine mount insulator showed a fairly good agreement with the experimental fatigue lives.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":135991871,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1972090065","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.385-387.649","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"According to the requirement for high-precision and processing features of the internal grinding, the hardware and software of an internal grinding NC system based on embedded system were presented. The classification and implementation of several key system tasks controlled by real-time operating system uc\/os-ii were given, and the control process of the machine switch by soft PLC technology was elaborated on in the system. According to the real-time requirements of internal grinding NC system, the tasks of the system were prioritized reasonably, and some methods for enhancing the capability of real-time and improving the accuracy of the system were presented with software technology.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110044737,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2052791888","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.416.34","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The relationship between plaque morphology and clinical presentation was examined. Lumen dimensions, atheroma morphology and composition were assessed by virtual histology intravascular ultrasound (VHIVUS) in 1757 frames of coronary segments of interest of 17 patients with acute and chronic coronary artery disease, i.e., ST-elevation (STEMI) and non-ST-elevation (NSTEMI) myocardial infarction, unstable angina (UA) and stable angina (SA). Large plaque areas with distended elastic lamina (EEL), rich in fibrotic (FB) and fibro-fatty (FF) tissues associated with STEMI and UA. Variants of this phenotype consisting of large calcium deposits and reduced lumen area were prevalent in NSTEMI patients. SA patients consistently showed plaques with small areas, marked constrictive growth and low FF content. IVUS-derived plaque measures provided phenotypes of vulnerability and rupture that may help improving risk stratification of both symptomatic and asymptomatic patients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":53420860,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2556687906","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5220\/0004664400840089","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5220\/0004664400840089","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), has spread rapidly in the tropical and subtropical areas of the New World especially throughout the Caribbean Islands, and has recently been discovered in California, Mexico, and Belize. All instars of the pink hibiscus mealybug are described and illustrated to facilitate discovery of infestations. Comparisons with other common pest species are provided for most of the 8 instars, and a table is included that distinguishes the pink hibiscus mealybug from other pest species in the field.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":81014377,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"120462749","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Economics as a scholarly discipline in Latin America was transformed during the 1960s and 1970s, when many countries in the region received financial and academic support from U.S. institutions ostensibly aimed at \"modernizing\" the standards of training and research in the field. Even though Chile remains the most well-known case, similar developments took place in Argentina, Colombia, Mexico, and elsewhere. In Brazil, the restructuring of economics derived much of its strength from a cooperation agreement signed between Vanderbilt University and the University of Sao Paulo, financially backed by USAID and the Ford Foundation. The paper recovers the early postwar origins of this partnership, the process through which it was implemented during the 1960s, and its influence in reshaping Brazilian scholarly standards. Just as the University of Chicago left a lasting mark on Chilean economics, Vanderbilt also became a pervasive point of reference for the future development of the discipline in Brazil. Different actors, institutions, and contexts, however, ultimately produced quite distinct results in each case.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":204429875,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2974147014","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3116541","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Currently, a great deal of attention is attracted to the study of regional flora as part of the solution to the problem of the study and conservation of biodiversity. Complete information on the composition of the flora of a particular region is important; it allows to establish the structure and genesis of its components, identify individual characteristics, restore the history of formation and trends. Therefore, the study of the flora of any region will always be relevant. The most important qualitative indicator of the flora it is a systematic structure. This article presents the results of a study obtained during a systematic analysis of the flora of Atyrau. It was revealed that the flora of the study area includes 27 families, of which 10 leading families make up 73.4% of the total species composition. The leading families in this taxonomic composition are the following families: Chenopodiaceae (90 species, 26 genera), Asteraceae (70 species, 32 genera), Poaceae (55 species, 30 genera). Dominant genera are: Artemisia, Astragalus, Salsola. Endemic species in the city of Atyrau revealed \u2013 8, rare species \u2013 6. Flora was studied using geobotanical and floristic research methods, the main of which was route-reconnaissance. Based on the analysis of literature data, viewing the herbarium of KazNU, materials collected in the framework of the scientific and technical program 0200\/PTF14 on the topic: \"Risk assessment of the impact of anthropogenic impact on the population of the Kazakhstan part of the Caspian region\", as well as their own research on the study and collection of plants in Atyrau, a list of flora has been compiled, including 534 species belonging to 243 genera and 57 families.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":213801848,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3006395993","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.26577\/ijbch-2019-i2-3","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26577\/ijbch-2019-i2-3","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Agricultural practices, such as the use of fertilizers, can change the structure and function of soil microbial community. Monitoring and assessing the soil microbiota and its dynamics related to different factors can be a powerful tool for understanding basic and applied ecological contexts. The main objective of this paper was to assess the changes of carbon turnover rate and the microbial metabolic activity, when different types of fertilizers were used, process called priming effect. A microcosm experiment was designed and performed under controlled temperature and humidity and the soil samples were analyzed using the MicroResp technique. Results show that the integration in soil of different carbon sources, such as green manure, can lead to a positive priming effect and integration of mineral fertilizers can lead to negative priming effect. The carbon sources with the highest respiratory activity were \u03b1-ketoglutaric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, citric acid, while the lowest respiratory activity was obtained in case of arginine.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":90341785,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2772144372","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15835\/BUASVMCN-AGR:0017","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"During the period March to May 2000, the UK undertook trials of a pot fishing method to catch Patagonian toothfish (Dissosticlzlls elegino~des) around South Georgia (Subarea 48.3). This method has the potential to minimise, or eliminate, incidental bird mortality when compared to the standard longline method. This paper describes the trial and the results, and discusses the commercial viability of this fishing method for toothfish fisheries in the CCAMLR Convention Area. While the method successfully caught D. eleglnoidcs, there was a large by-catch of crab species. The catch rate of toothfish was notably lower than that achieved in the longline fishery. Importantly, the use of pots eliminated bird bycatch. To capitalise on this feature, there is a need to improve the commercial viability of the method and minimise the q~~ant i ty of by-catch. A number of potential changes are suggested to this end.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":128908394,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2116094426","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although intracranial atherosclerotic disease is often encountered during endovascular treatment for acute vertebrobasilar occlusions, its clinical implication is not well-known. We aimed to evaluate whether intracranial atherosclerotic disease influences the clinical outcomes following endovascular treatment of acute vertebrobasilar occlusive stroke. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-one patients with acute vertebrobasilar occlusive stroke were included. The onset-to-groin puncture time was \u226412 hours, and aspiration- or stent-based thrombectomy was used as the primary treatment method. Following primary endovascular treatment, intracranial atherosclerotic disease (IAD group) was angiographically diagnosed when a fixed focal stenosis was observed at the occlusion site, whereas embolism (embolic group) was diagnosed if no stenosis was observed. Clinical and treatment variables were compared in both groups, and IAD was evaluated as a prognostic factor for clinical outcomes. RESULTS: The baseline NIHSS score tended to be lower (14 versus 22, P = .097) in the IAD group (n = 19) than in the embolic group (n = 32). The procedural time was longer in the IAD group (96 versus 61 minutes, P = .002), despite similar rates of TICI 2b\u20133 (89.5% versus 87.5%, P = 1.000). The NIHSS score at 7 days was higher (21 versus 8, P = .060) and poor outcomes (mRS 4\u20136 at 3 months) were more frequent in the IAD group (73.7% versus 43.8%, P = .038). IAD (odds ratio, 5.469; 95% CI, 1.09\u201327.58; P = .040) was independently associated with poor outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: An arterial occlusion related to IAD was associated with a longer procedural time and poorer clinical outcome. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the appropriate endovascular strategy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":26144883,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2428339992","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4844","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper strives to answer a question most anyone remotely involved with education has encountered: what is the relationship between the content taught and its purpose? In this case, the question is in the context of the Workers' Education Association in Sweden (ABF) and other educational efforts made by the Swedish labour movement. In order to answer such a question one must first outline in some detail what the content to be taught was, and what purpose the association itself saw as the important one. But the matter is also further explored: the Swedish labour movement appears to view education and culture in a rather non-Marxist manner, which poses a question to be untangled in order to fully understand the connection between content and purpose, namely that of what view they did in fact hold. Here, it will be argued that the Swedish labour movement held a proto-Bourdieuan view of culture as a form of societal and cultural capital which must be distributed in order for the emancipatory and egalitarian efforts to succeed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":151623624,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2554309668","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To achieve end-to-end delivery in intermittently connected mobile Internet of Vehicles (IoV) networks, epidemic routing is proposed for data dissemination at the price of excessive buffer occupancy due to its store-and-forward nature. Typically, epidemic routing should be controlled to reduce system resource usage (e.g., buffer occupancy) while simultaneously providing data delivery with differentiated level of statistical guarantee. With the aid of social connectivity among vehicles, the control of data dissemination could be benefited from the property of instant end-to-end communication in Social IoV (SIoV). In particular, social links are leveraged to deliver control message for balancing the tradeoffs between buffer occupancy and data delivery reliability for supporting data dissemination in SIoV. In this paper, we proposed two representative schemes: the global timeout scheme and the antipacket dissemination scheme, respectively, for lossy and lossless data delivery, where control messages are delivered in social-based end-to-end and local-based ad-hoc fashions. For lossy data delivery, our investigation shows that with the suggested global timeout value, the per-node buffer occupancy only depends on the maximum tolerable packet loss rate and pairwise meeting rate, providing principles toward mission-critical protocols. For lossless data delivery, our analytical results show that the buffer occupancy can be significantly reduced via fully antipacket dissemination, providing efficient end-to-end communication. The developed tools therefore offer new insights for epidemic routing protocol designs and performance evaluations for SIoV.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":52001627,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2808610126","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2846722","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This is the final programme, which has been put together in Amsterdam in the Easter meeting. On the third day the programme changes in two ways, by having one big joint space between women, LGBTIQ* and racialized people. Also by having an excursion with some informal time to get to know each other. Throughout the whole camp there will be leisure activities as board games, banner painting, conversation starters and \"language cards\", which will show what language you can talk and practise, in lounge area.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":194935146,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2897801343","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"User data is becoming increasingly available in multiple domains ranging from phone usage traces to data on the social Web. The analysis of user data is appealing to scientists who work on population studies, recommendations, and large-scale data analytics. We argue for the need for an interactive analysis to understand the multiple facets of user data and address different analytics scenarios. Since user data is often sparse and noisy, we propose to produce labeled groups that describe users with common properties and develop IUGA, an interactive framework based on group discovery primitives to explore the user space. At each step of IUGA, an analyst visualizes group members and may take an action on the group (add\/remove members) and choose an operation (exploit\/explore) to discover more groups and hence more users. Each discovery operation results in k most relevant and diverse groups. We formulate group exploitation and exploration as optimization problems and devise greedy algorithms to enable efficient group discovery. Finally, we design a principled validation methodology and run extensive experiments that validate the effectiveness of IUGA on large datasets for different user space analysis scenarios.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":7675754,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2093457890","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/2806416.2806519","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The banking systems of some countries export intermediation services to the rest of the world, while many other countries are net exporters of deposits to banks abroad and net importers of loans from banks abroad. Banking center countries typically have lower inflation, deeper financial systems, earn less government revenue from seigniorage, and have lower reserve money relative to bank assets than nonbanking-center countries. This paper develops a stylized model of regulated bank intermediation to examine the role of national monetary policy in determining the international competitiveness of a national banking system. Monetary policy takes the form of controlling the supply of reserve money and imposing restrictions on banks that generate a demand for reserve money (reserve requirements). The international competitiveness of a banking system is enhanced by having a monetary authority who places greater weight on the interests of existing creditors relative to debtors in its constituency, and who has less need to raise revenue from seigniorage. With complete integration of deposit and loan markets the location of intermediation can be indeterminate. Countries that receive more deposits can generate a given amount of seigniorage with less inflation. Monetary authorities in countries that experience deposit outflows may be tempted to impose capital controls in order to maintain their seigniorage base. One implication of the analysis is that integration of monetary policies can facilitate financial integration by reducing the incentive to relocate deposits to avoid the inflation tax.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":167380175,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2117045413","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3386\/W4686","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Caveolins are a family of membrane proteins required for the formation of small plasma membrane invaginations called caveolae that are implicated in cellular trafficking processes. In addition to this structural role, these scaffolding proteins modulate numerous intracellular signaling pathways; often via direct interaction with specific binding partners. Caveolin-1 is particularly well-studied in this respect and has been attributed a large variety of functions. Thus, Caveolin-1 also represents the best-characterized isoform of this family with respect to its participation in cancer. Rather strikingly, available evidence indicates that Caveolin-1 belongs to a select group of proteins that function, depending on the cellular settings, both as tumor suppressor and promoter of cellular traits commonly associated with enhanced malignant behavior, such as metastasis and multi-drug resistance. The mechanisms underlying such ambiguity in Caveolin-1 function constitute an area of great interest. Here, we will focus on discussing how Caveolin-1 modulates cell death and survival pathways and how this may contribute to a better understanding of the ambiguous role this protein plays in cancer.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":21823688,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2174\/1566524011313020004","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/dspace.utalca.cl\/bitstream\/1950\/9489\/1\/TEXTO%20COMPLETO.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper identifies some basic information about brain based learning, which includes some technical information presented in terms that all may understand. Two major psychological notions, which underpin all we know about the teaching and learning process, will be identified and described. Further, this paper will focus upon best practice strategies that have been identified in the research on student achievement and will provide specific suggestions on how to implement them. It will demonstrate why the vocational education model is the premier educational delivery system for all of education and will aid in the developing of a vision beyond tradition.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":154932010,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2171646716","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The fundamental dynamics of ultracold atomtronic devices are reflected in their phonon modes of excitation. We probe such a spectrum by applying a harmonically driven potential barrier to a 23Na Bose\u2013Einstein condensate in a ring-shaped trap. This perturbation excites phonon wavepackets. When excited resonantly, these wavepackets display a regular periodic structure. The resonant frequencies depend upon the particular configuration of the barrier, but are commensurate with the orbital frequency of a Bogoliubov sound wave traveling around the ring. Energy transfer to the condensate over many cycles of the periodic wavepacket motion causes enhanced atom loss from the trap at resonant frequencies. Solutions of the time-dependent Gross\u2013Pitaevskii equation exhibit quantitative agreement with the experimental data. We also observe the generation of supersonic shock waves under conditions of strong excitation, and collisions of two shock wavepackets.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":38330908,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2950076073","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/1367-2630\/17\/12\/125012","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1510.02968"},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1367-2630\/17\/12\/125012\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The River Values Assessment System (RiVAS and RiVAS+) are tools that enable regional councils and others to 'objectively' and systematically evaluate rivers in their regions for their relative importance across the range of river values (e.g., native birds, irrigation and tangata whenau). RiVAS (which assesses existing importance) has been applied to 11 values, and to a large number of these in each of three regions (Tasman, Gisborne and Hawke's Bay). RiVAS+ (restoration potential) has had limited application. There are multiple insights from these applications. First, RiVAS and RiVAS+ are highly cost effective. At around $6000 per value-application councils obtain: a collaborative approach resulting in stronger relationships between councils and stakeholder groups; up to date (and user friendly and accessible) information on value-related data often never collected otherwise; lists of rivers ranked according to national (high), regional (moderate) and low (importance) using the same method; indications of where the best prospects for restoration activities exist; and information that is immediately useful in the broader policy making processes. The paper reports also on the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities associated with ongoing application of the tool.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":140543623,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1550092843","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Dermatomycoses are typical hair, skin, or nail infections caused mainly by dermatophytes and nondermatophytes: Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton, and Candida. In addition to the esthetical impact, pain, and nail deformity, these mycoses can be a source of severe disease. The high cost of treatment, toxicity, and the emergence of resistant infectious agents justifies research into new drugs. This work evaluates the fungicidal activity of nanocomposites (NCs) based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) loaded with silver (Ag) nanoparticles (rGO\/Ag) against clinical isolates of dermatophytes and Candida species. This is an unprecedented study in which, for the first time, hybrid nanocompounds based on Ag\/rGO were tested against Epidermophytom, Microsporum, and Trichophyton species (dermatophytes agents). In this paper, we synthesize rGO using different concentrations of Ag by hydrolysis of metal salt AgNO3 and follow the growth of nanocrystals on sheets of rGO provided by the NaBH4. The NCs were analyzed by X-ray diffraction analysis, and the NC morphology, silver distribution on the rGO surface, and crystalline information were investigated by transmission electron microscopy. Antifungal susceptibility assay was performed by the microdilution method based on modified Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocol. Time-kill kinetics was conducted to monitor the effect of the composite to inhibit fungal cells or promote structural changes, avoiding germination. The toxicological evaluation of the NCs was born in an in vivo model based on Galleria mellonella (G. mellonella). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of the rGO\/Ag NCs ranged from 1.9 to 125 \u03bcg\/mL. The best inhibitory activity was obtained for rGO\/Ag12%, mainly against Candida spp. and Epidermophyton floccosum. In the presence of sorbitol, MIC values of rGO\/Ag NCs were higher (ranging from 15.6 to 250 \u03bcg\/mL), indicating the action mechanism on the cell wall. Both yeast and dermatophytes clinical isolates were inhibited at a minimum of 6 and 24 h, respectively, but after 2 and 12 h, they had initial antifungal interference. All hybrid formulations of rGO\/Ag NCs were not toxic for G. mellonella. This study provides insights into an alternative therapeutic strategy for controlling dermatomycoses.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":265104102,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.3c00390","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Empirical research on higher-order questions has shown positive impact on student achievement in L1 and L2 classrooms in western countries and former British colonies. In association, a world-wide increase in teaching thinking has led to a debate about its applicability to L2 settings, especially to Asian learners. In Taiwan speaking has been identified as a problematic area in L2 learning and alongside equipping students with thinking skills has been highlighted as a goal of Higher Education (HE). Therefore, this study undertook a case study of an innovation where Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) approach was used to try and enhance students' L2 speaking proficiency and thinking skills. This approach had two steps. In a teacher-led setting the innovator modelled the tasks to the students which focused on how to answer higher-order questions, interact and comment on others' opinions. Students then practiced the thinking tasks in groups as part of their L2 learning. The impact on speaking and thinking and the effect on students' attitudes were examined to determine the practicability of this approach in a Taiwanese university L2 classroom. Two classes of non-English major freshmen participated in this study: one class received the innovation, while the other class did not. A mixed-method approach was applied and data collected in three phases: pre-, postand delayed post-test. In contrast to Atkinson's (1997) claim that using a critical thinking pedagogy to teach non-native speakers of English in L2 classrooms is inappropriate, the findings show strong evidence to support the idea that a HOTS approach enhances learners' speaking and thinking performance with the majority of students holding positive attitudes. This indicates infusing thinking skills into the L2 classroom is practicable and students can be trained as active thinkers. A most significant finding was the occurrence of highcognitive interactive talk, which created numerous opportunities for speaking and thinking. This tackled the L2 speaking problems observed and met the goals of HE, i. e. it equipped university students with thinking skills and encouraged active learning.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":141867452,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"758849423","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The fact that humans must balance their need for iron against its potential for causing harm has been known for several centuries, but the molecular mechanisms by which we achieve this feat have only been revealed in the last 2 decades. Chief amongst these is the discovery of the master-regulatory liver-derived hormone hepcidin. By switching off ferroportin in enterocytes and macrophages, hepcidin exerts fine control over both iron absorption and its distribution among tissues. Hepcidin expression is downregulated by low iron status and active erythropoiesis and upregulated by iron overload and infection and\/or inflammation. The latter mechanism explains the etiology of the anemia of chronic infection. Pharmaceutical companies are actively developing hepcidin agonists and antagonists to combat iron overload and anemia, respectively. In a global health context the discovery of hepcidin shines a new light on the world's most prevalent micronutrient problem; iron deficiency and its consequent anemia. It is now apparent that humans are not poorly designed to absorb dietary iron, but rather are exerting a tonic downregulation of iron absorption to protect themselves against infection. These new insights suggest that interventions to reduce infections and inflammation will be at least as effective as dietary interventions and that the latter will not succeed without the former.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":21369048,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2778704175","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1159\/000480743","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.karger.com\/Article\/Pdf\/480743","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"There were 154 incidents involving buoyancy jacket use, misuse and malfunction in the first 1,000 incidents reported to the Diving Incident Monitoring Study (DIMS). Forty eight of these incidents involved morbidity. This is 10% of the total morbidity reported in the time period. The buoyancy jacket, or buoyancy compensating device (BCD), incidents included divers being unable to exhaust their BCD, others being unfamiliar with the use and operation of their BCD, confusion between the inflation and deflation mechanisms, spontaneous inflation of the BCD by a poorly maintained or faulty power inflator, failure of inflation mechanisms, leaks from BCDs and inflation hoses, inadequate buoyancy and inflation of the BCD restricting the diver's respiration. Appropriate preventive strategies include an emphasis on a pre-dive BCD check, increased separation of the deflate and inflate mechanisms, annual servicing and post-dive maintenance of BCDs, an accessible dump valve that will exhaust air at a rate at least equal to that of maximum inflation, an education program to accompany the purchase or hiring of a BCD and an emphasis on buoyancy control in diver training. In particular, trainees should be taught how to achieve buoyancy control without the use of a BCD, how to slow an uncontrolled ascent and to \"overlearn\" the response of weight belt release in an emergency.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1}},"corpusid":107875816,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"266310907","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Surplus Beds and Nurses SIR,-The Journal of January 31, recently arrived here, contains a lengthy letter (at p. 300) from Mr. H. S. Shucksmith on \"Surplus Beds and Nurses.\" It would seem to me that the letter shows or proves little, apart from the fact that some surgical cases do well 'and can go home early. A return home as soon as possible is surely the aim with all surgical cases, but it is not as easy as Mr. Shucksmith suggests, and the following limitations must be recognized: (1) Home Conditions.-The doctor in Mr. Shucksmith's cases, whom it is noted can afford a sports car, is obviously going to be better cared for at home than a patient returning to the slums of Leeds or any other city. (2) Physical Capacity and More Importantly Mental Attituide.-I had an acutely inflamed appendix out as a night emergency at the Middlesex Hospital (? one of the \u00a340 per week per bed hospitals mentioned by Mr. Shucksmith). I got up late the next morning, left hospital on the third postoperative day, and hooked in a rugby match 12 days later, so I know that early ambulation works if the patient will co-operate; but it must be accepted as a fact that many patients with a low pain threshold cannot be speeded up and will demand much attention throughout their stay in hospital. Transferring such types to a ward with less staff will make them no less demanding. In any case, given a reasonable home and an adequate psyche, any patient following an inguinal hernia operation can and should go home at least as early as the two cases detailed by Mr. Shucksmith; and I cannot see that he has made any case for changing the present lay-out of general hospitals.-I am, etc.,","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":27265386,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2013215198","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ.2.5144.154-D","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Proximal humeral allografts are usually reserved for reconstruction of the shoulder in a neoplastic setting. To our knowledge it has never been described for use in a trauma setting. In this case report, we present a 30-year-old man involved in a motor vehicle accident (MVA) in 2007. He is right-hand dominant and employed as a driver. He presented initially to a peripheral hospital, and he sustained what seems to be a right floating shoulder injury with clavicle, scapula and proximal humeral fractures. He was operated there and underwent excision of the proximal humerus. Subsequently he presented to us and a staged procedure was performed. Initially, the clavicle was plated and, six weeks later, he underwent reconstruction with a proximal humeral allograft. All rotator cuff muscles were re-attached and the allograft was secured with cement and an intramedullary nail. We present his pre-op and post-op pictures as well as the function achieved. We also present a brief review of the literature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":70753569,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1497463525","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Third-generation automotive electronics systems, like antiskid braking, electronic suspension, or four-wheel steering, which consist of complex VLSI circuits, are discussed. The semiconductor technologies they use for smart sensors and power ICs, among them CMOS, bipolar, and BiCMOS, are examined. Smart power processes enable analog, digital, and power functions to be combined on one chip. Usually, they combine bipolar, CMOS, and DMOS structures. Depending on the number of output channels, the processes are optimized for single or multiple outputs. A technique for improved microcontroller performance in automotive electronics is described.<<ETX>>","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":2,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":110521662,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2106461691","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/VLSIC.1992.229261","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The basinal part of the Damlouk Member upper sedimentary cycle of the Ratga Formation exposed in the Qaim area of the Iraqi western desert is examined. The studied section consists of marlstone, marly and phosphatic limestone, and planktic foraminiferarich limestone beds. Detailed study of the planktic foraminiferal assemblages of these rocks revealed the occurrences of (30) species belonging to (11) genera. The stratigraphic distribution of these species permits the recognition of three biozones. These are from the lower to upper part of the section: Acarinina bullbrooki Zone, (Middle Lutetian), Morozovelloides lehneri Zone, (Late Lutetian), Globigerinatheca semiinvoluta \u2013 Hantkenina alabamensis Zone, (Early Bartonian). These zones indicate that the studied section of the Ratga Formation (Damlouk Member) is of Middle-Late Lutetian to Early Bartonian age. These biozones are correlated with different local and regional studies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":245869134,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.33899\/earth.2021.170385","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.33899\/earth.2021.170385","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. We analyse measurements of ion spectral gaps (ISGs) observed by the ION particle spectrometer on board the Interball-2 satellite. The ISG represents a sharp decrease in H+ flux at a particular narrow energy range. ISGs are practically always observed in the inner magnetosphere in a wide MLT range during quiet times. Clear examples of ISG in the morning, dayside, evening and nightside sectors of the magnetosphere are selected for detailed analysis and modeling. To obtain a model ISG, the trajectories of ions drifting in the equatorial plane from their nightside source to the observation point were computed for the energy range 0.1\u201315 keV. Three global convection models (McIlwain, 1972, 1986; Volland, 1973; Stern, 1975) were tested to reproduce the observed ISGs in all MLT sectors. Qualitative agreement is obtained for all three models, but the better agreement for quiet times is reached with the McIlwain (1972) convection model. It is shown that the ISGs observed by the ION spectrometer throughout the inner magnetosphere are the result of super-position of the two effects, already described in the literature (e.g. McIlwain, 1972; Shirai et al., 1997), but acting under different conditions. Also, the role of particle source location on the model gaps is investigated. It may be concluded that despite the evidence of large amplitude and directional local fluctuations of electric fields in the inner magnetosphere (Quinn et al., 1999), the existence of a stationary average convection pattern is confirmed by this modeling. This fact directly follows from observations of ISGs and from a good agreement of observations with modeled gaps calculated in the frames of adiabatic theory for a stationary (average) convection pattern. Key words. Magnetospheric physics (plasma convection; electric fields)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":34526753,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2100536271","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/ANGEO-20-349-2002","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary form only given. Prediction of integrated circuit manufacturing yield has become the main application of developed yield models. In this paper, a different application, which is to develop tool PID\/PWP limits to achieve product defect density goal, is shown. The developed limits are dynamic as most elements, such as defect size distribution, killer pareto and kill ratio change and improve from time to time. This method can be used to monitor any product yield enhancement activity in a consistent manner.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":109822506,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1946383655","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ASMC.1997.630722","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Recent environmental chamber studies suggest that acid-catalyzed reactions between alcohols and aldehydes in the condensed phase lead to the formation of hemiacetals and acetals, enhancing secondary organic aerosol (SOA) growth. We report measurements of heterogeneous uptake of butanol and decanol on liquid H2SO4 in the range of 62-84 wt % and between 273 and 296 K. Both alcohols exhibit two distinct types of uptake behaviors (partially irreversible vs totally irreversible uptake), depending on the acid concentration and temperature. For the partially irreversible uptake, a fraction of the alcohol was physically absorbed while the other fraction underwent irreversible reaction. For the totally irreversible uptake, the alcohols were completely lost onto the sulfuric acid. The Henry's law solubility constant (H*) was determined from the time-dependent uptake, while the reactive uptake coefficients were calculated from the time-independent irreversible loss. Coexistence of butanol or decanol with octanal or decanal did not show enhanced uptake of the aldehydes in the sulfuric acid. Protonation and dissolution likely account for the reversible uptake, while formation of alkyl sulfate or dialkyl sulfate explains irreversible uptake of the alcohols. The results suggest that heterogeneous uptake of larger alcohols is unlikely of significant importance in the lower atmosphere except in the case of freshly nucleated aerosols that may have high acid concentrations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":39883253,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2102634479","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/JP065245Y","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, we propose a block-based selective orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) decode-and-forward relaying scheme for 4G mobile communication systems. In the scheme, an OFDM symbol is divided into blocks and one relay is selected for each block. Theoretical outage performance and error performance are analyzed and evaluated. A unified outage expression is given for our scheme and the other two schemes and the lower bound of the bit error rate of the three schemes is also obtained. The effect of the coherence bandwidth on the proposed scheme is also investigated. Monte Carlo simulations are carried out to validate our analysis. The scheme can obtain a good tradeoff between complexity and performance and can be used in future 4G mobile communication systems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":15867295,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2183438859","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JCN.2011.6157252","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To advance our understanding of surface and aloft nitrogen dioxide (NO2) pollution, this study extensively evaluated NO2 concentrations simulated by the regional air quality modeling system with a horizontal grid resolution of 1.3 km by using the Atmospheric Environmental Regional Observation System (AEROS) ground-based observation network and aloft measurement by multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) over the greater Tokyo area. Observations are usually limited to the surface level, and gaps remain in our understanding of the behavior of air pollutants above the near-surface layer, particularly within the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Therefore, MAX-DOAS measurement was used, which observes scattered sunlight in the ultraviolet\/visible range at several elevation angles between the horizon and zenith to determine the aloft NO2 pollution averaged over 0-1 km. In total, four MAX-DOAS measurement systems at Chiba University (35.63\u00b0N, 140.10\u00b0E) systematically covered the north, east, west, and south directions to capture the aloft NO2 pollution over the greater Tokyo area. The target period was Chiba-Campaign 2015 conducted from 9 to 23 November 2015. The evaluations showed that the air quality modeling system can generally capture the observed behavior of both surface and aloft NO2 pollution in terms of spatial and temporal coverage. The diurnal variation, which typically showed an increase from evening to early morning without daylight and a decrease during the daytime, was also captured by the model. During Chiba-Campaign 2015, two cases of episodic higher NO2 concentration were identified: one during the nighttime and the other during the daytime as different diurnal patterns. These were related to a stagnant wind field, with the latter also connected to a lower PBL height in cloudy conditions. Comparison of the modeled surface and aloft NO2 concentrations showed that aloft NO2 concentration exhibited a strong linear correlation with surface NO2 concentration, with the aloft value scaled to 0.4-0.5-fold the surface value, irrespective of whether the day was clean or polluted. This scaling value was lower during the nighttime and higher during the daytime. Based on this synergetic analysis of surface and aloft observation bridged by modeling simulation, this study contributes to fostering understanding of aloft NO2 pollution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":237765381,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3182596386","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21203\/RS.3.RS-708775\/V1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The study was conducted with the aim to know the probability of sodium chloride as a partial substitution \nalternative of potassium chloride on forage grasses fertilization technique. Eigh varieties of grasses (Brachiaria \nbrizantha, B.decumbens, Setaria splendida, S. sphacelata, Panicum maximum, P. muticum, Pennisetum \npurpureum, and King Grass) were subjected to K-Na fertilizers. A Series experiment were allotted to a \ncompletely randomized design with 4 replications. The treatments were: P1 = 100%K+0%Na; P2 = \n80%K+20%Na; P3 = 60%K+40%Na; P4 = 40%K+60%Na; P5 = 20%K+80%Na; and P6 = 0%K+100%Na; \nwhile the series were a group of kind of species (Brachiria sp, Setaria sp, Panicum sp and Pennisetum \nsp). The parameters observed were growth of plants (plant height, canopy area, leaf number and tiller \nnumber), chlorophyll content, leaf nitrate reductase activity, and dry matter yield. The data were analyzed by \nvariance analysis and Duncan's Multiple Range test. Results of the experiments indicated that substitution \ncapacity of KCl by NaCl on forage grasses can be applied to: (1) Setaria sp till 60% Na (P4=40%K+60%Na); \n(2) Brachiaria sp and Panicum sp could be reached 80% Na (P5=20%K+80%Na), (3) Pennisetum sp up \nto 100% Na (P6=0%K+100%Na), and (4) forage grassess up to 80% Na (P5=20%K+80%Na). The differ-ence \nof response capacity of the grasses as a similar positive correlation as its tolerance to salt stress. \nKeywords: Substitution Capacity, Sodium Chloride, Potassium Choride, Grass","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":81817124,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"32158458","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The aim of this paper was to explore potential divergence and convergence in relation to health care professionals' and patients' acceptability of the use of telehealth within palliative care provision through the lens of Self-Determination Theory. The research utilized a deductive qualitative approach utilizing semi-structured interviews to explore divergence and convergence between health care professionals' preconceptions of the use of telehealth in palliative care and the lived experiences of patients accessing support in this manner. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with both professionals and patients to explore whether the barriers and benefits of telehealth perceived by professionals corresponded to the patient's lived experience of utilizing the technology in their palliative care. Interviews were analyzed using a deductive thematic analysis. Professionals and patients identified that the use of telehealth could satisfy the need for autonomy, however this manifested in different ways. Greater divergence was apparent between patient and professional perceptions about how telehealth could satisfy the need for relatedness and competence needs. The findings of this paper highlight how professionals preconceived concerns about the use of telehealth in relation to providing supportive palliative care may not be realized when exploring the experiences of patients accessing services through this medium. This paper highlights the important role of psychological need satisfaction when considering acceptability of telehealth, and motivation to engage in the implementation of technologically driven health services.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":235432587,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Schrodinger's Cat: Empirical research into the radical subjective solution of the measurement problem\n\nDick J. Bierman & Stephen Whitmarsh\n\n \n\nThe most controversial of all solutions of the measurement problem holds that a measurement is not completed until a conscious observation is made.\n\nIn other words quantum physics is a science of potentialities and the measurement i.c. the conscious observation brings about the reality by reducing the state vector to one of the Eigen-states.\n\nIn a series of experiments modeled after the famous experiment by the Shimony group we have explored the brain responses of observers of a quantum event. \n\nIn about 50% of the exosures this quantum event had already been observed about one second earlier by another person. This random manipulation was unknown to the final observer. \n\nThe first experiment along these lines gave suggestive evidence for a difference in brain responses dependent on the manipulation. In subsequent experiments quantum events were mixed with classical events and the results of these experiments that have been reported elsewhere were ambiguous. \n\nIn a final experiment we are trying to solve the paradoxical results obtained so far. In this experiment the final observer receives detailed information about the type of event that (s)he observes. Also the experimental protocol is such that not only pre-observed events cannot be distinguished from not pre-observed events on the basis of their physical characteristic but neither on the basis of inter-event time distributions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":125798424,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2582871902","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Canada's family class immigration policy has been studied as a gendered policy that has differential and harmful effects on women sponsored by their male spouses for immigration to Canada (C\u00f4t\u00e9 et al., 2001; National Association for Women and the Law, 1999; Thobani, 2000). As women are commonly seen as migrating for marriage and men for work (Sweetman, 1998), there has been little research done on the experiences of women who sponsor male spouses for immigration to Canada.\n\nThis study explores the experiences of sponsoring women, mainly how their economic and family situations are affected by immigration policy and process. Using multiple forms of data, particularly judicial cases and interviews with sponsoring women, the study extracts themes related to immigration policy, immigration process, neo-liberalism, and the Sponsorship Agreement. It concludes that immigration policy and process create barriers to the family reunification of sponsoring women and their partners, increase the economic marginalization of women, and re-victimize women who have been abused by sponsored partners by holding them responsible for the Sponsorship Agreement.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":242609416,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.32920\/ryerson.14655942","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32920\/ryerson.14655942","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present Swift UVOT ultraviolet (UV; 1600\u20133000\u2009\u00c5) data with complete three-band UV photometry for a sample of 41 galaxies in 11 nearby (<4500 km s\u22121) Hickson Compact Groups (HCGs) of galaxies. We use UVOT uvw2-band (2000\u2009\u00c5) photometry to estimate the dust-unobscured component, SFRUV, of the total star formation rate, SFRTOTAL. We use Spitzer MIPS 24\u2009\u03bcm photometry to estimate SFRIR, the component of SFRTOTAL that suffers dust extinction in the UV and is re-emitted in the IR. By combining the two components, we obtain SFRTOTAL estimates for all HCG galaxies. We obtain total stellar mass, M*, estimates by means of Two Micron All Sky Survey Ks-band luminosities, and use them to calculate specific star formation rates, SSFR \u2261 SFRTOTAL\/M*. SSFR values show a clear and significant bimodality, with a gap between low (\u22723.2 \u00d7 10\u221211 yr\u22121) and high-SSFR (\u22731.2 \u00d7 10\u221210 yr\u22121) systems. We compare this bimodality to the previously discovered bimodality in \u03b1IRAC, the MIR activity index from a power-law fit to the Spitzer IRAC 4.5\u20138\u2009\u03bcm data for these galaxies. We find that all galaxies with \u03b1IRAC \u2a7d\u20090 (\u2009>0) are in the high- (low-) SSFR locus, as expected if high levels of star-forming activity power MIR emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon molecules and a hot dust continuum. Consistent with this finding, all elliptical\/S0 galaxies are in the low-SSFR locus, while 22 out of 24 spirals\/irregulars are in the high-SSFR locus, with two borderline cases. We further divide our sample into three subsamples (I, II, and III) according to decreasing H\u2009i richness of the parent galaxy group to which a galaxy belongs. Consistent with the SSFR and \u03b1IRAC bimodality, 12 out of 15 type I (11 out of 12 type III) galaxies are in the high- (low-) SSFR locus, while type II galaxies span almost the full range of SSFR values. We use the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxy Survey (SINGS) to construct a comparison subsample of galaxies that (1) match HCG galaxies in J-band total galaxy luminosity and (2) are not strongly interacting and largely isolated. This selection eliminates mostly low-luminosity dwarfs and galaxies with some degree of peculiarity, providing a substantially improved, quiescent control sample. Unlike HCG galaxies, galaxies in the comparison SINGS subsample are continuously distributed both in SSFR and \u03b1IRAC, although they show ranges in SFRTOTAL values, morphologies and stellar masses similar to those for HCG systems. We test the SSFR bimodality against a number of uncertainties, and find that these can only lead to its further enhancement. Excluding galaxies belonging to HCGs with three giant galaxies (triplets) leaves both the SSFR and the \u03b1IRAC bimodality completely unaffected. We interpret these results as further evidence that an environment characterized by high galaxy number densities and low galaxy velocity dispersions, such as the one found in compact groups, plays a key role in accelerating galaxy evolution by enhancing star formation processes in galaxies and favoring a fast transition to quiescence.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":54190222,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2030094391","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/0004-637X\/716\/1\/556","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1005.4059"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We live in an era of increasing data availability, from technology that allows for precise and repeated measures of animal behavior and physiology outcomes to the constant posts on Facebook from that uncle we see once per year at Thanksgiving. While it may seem disingenuous to compare data collected in a controlled experiment to social media posts, which has a larger impact on society? If research results that are relevant to public square debates about food and agriculture, such as animal welfare and environmental sustainability, are only published in academic journals and read and understood by peers, how will they inform the public debate? If animal scientists are not actively engaged in sustained communication (two-way dialogue, not one-way lecturing) than an uncle's Facebook post on factory farming may have a larger effect on the public debate than a carefully planned and executed experiment. In addition to data overload, we also seemingly have ever less time to process this data into meaningful and actionable information. As scientists, we are trained to interpret data into meaningful information. That skill is evermore needed and valuable to the public now. While engagement will look different depending upon each scientist's discipline, skills, and willingness to engage, we should not expect it is someone else's job to communicate the importance of animal science.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":213519200,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2992342058","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/jas\/skz258.028","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jas\/article-pdf\/97\/Supplement_3\/14\/31255592\/skz258.028.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Over the last twenty years, wildlife biologists and transportation planners have worked with environmental groups and state and tribal governments to mitigate the effects of human transportation arteries on animal habitats and movements. This paper draws connections between this growing field of road ecology and feminist science studies in order to accomplish two things. First, it aims to highlight the often unacknowledged roots that the interdisciplinary field of animal studies has in feminist theory. Second, it seeks to contribute to conversations in the humanities and social sciences on roadkill and on wildlife biology by steering us into a world of practice that foregrounds mundane details. I approach this topic through interdisciplinary methods, including interviews with tribal and state wildlife biologists and participation in fieldwork on a western painted turtle tagging project. Although engaging in science and formulating policy are often understandably regarded by nonspecialists as practices that distance observers from their topic, in the world of roadkill prevention, I argue that the opposite is the case. What I call \"intimate bureaucracies\" are formed: arrangements of papers, policies, and people that bring a world of counting, and accountability, into being.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2013-20":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":146526674,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2161636080","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1527-2001.2012.01295.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Agriculture has been successfully brought back into the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. In this review, which is intended to draw heavily on a set of unpublished conference papers, a brief history of the issues, the proposals and the outcomes for agriculture are presented. The possible implications for the agricultural sectors of the Australian and New Zealand economies are discussed. The formation of regional trading arrangements and their place in a multilateral trading environment is analysed. Agricultural trade and environmental issues are discussed within the context of the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement. Finally, some items for the future agenda are presented.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":154193809,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1587598041","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"SUMMARY: Pure cultures of Ankistrodesmus spp. showed continual morphological fluctuation when growing in complex organic media, and to a lesser (though detectable) extent in mineral media. Clonal populations were no less variable. In mineral media, variation of A. braunii was associated with the stationary phase of growth only, but in the complex organic test medium was seen in logarithmic phase as well. The normal processes governing cell morphogenesis are described for A. braunii. Their normal sequence is disrupted by increasing osmotic pressure of the medium in reverse of their normal order in time and of their hypothetical serial coupling to the metabolism concerned with cell growth. The final uncoupling, that of growth from initiation of cell division, is also accomplished by a wide range of C\u2013N heterocyclic ring structures in very low concentration, which may indicate that nucleic acid metabolism is the system concerned at this point in the sequence.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":11621861,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2018368841","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-17-3-658","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/00221287-17-3-658","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A variety of cognitive deficits can lead to difficulties performing complex behavioural sequences and thus, disability in the performance of routine and rehabilitation behaviours. Interventions to date involve increasing support or providing behavioural training. Assistive technologies for cognition have the potential to augment cognitive capacity thus enabling the performance of behavioural sequences. Guide is an assistive technology for cognition that scaffolds task performance by providing verbal prompts and responding to verbal feedback. Guide was used to provide verbal support and guidance for eight amputees (mean age 64), with cognitive impairment of vascular origin, putting on their prosthetic limbs. Participants were referred to the research due to problems learning the correct behavioural sequence. The research used repeated trials with random assignment to intervention and baseline conditions. The voice-mediated assistive technology for cognition resulted in a significant reduction of safety critical errors and omitted steps. Discussion focuses upon the relation between voice-mediated cognitive support for memory and executive function, and suggestions are made for future research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":18543888,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2110004568","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/09602010903519652","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"public-domain","url":"http:\/\/dspace.stir.ac.uk\/bitstream\/1893\/2578\/1\/ONeill%20Gillespie_Voice%20mediated%20assistive%20technology%20for%20cognition.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Moving-target detection in ultrawideband (UWB) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is associated with long integration time and must accommodate azimuth focusing for reliable detection. This paper presents the theory on detection of moving targets by focusing and experimental results on single-channel SAR data aimed at evaluating the detection performance. The results with respect to both simulated and real data show that the ability to detect moving targets increases significantly when applying the proposed detection technique. The improvement in signal-to-clutter noise ratio, which is a basic requisite for evaluating the performance, reaches approximately 20 dB, using only single-channel SAR data. This gain will be preserved for the case of multichannel SAR data. The reference system for this study is the airborne UWB low-frequency SAR Coherent All RAdio BAnd Sensing II.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":14575388,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2100043046","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2010.2048572","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Tunable emission from the visible to infrared region in II\u2013VI semiconductor nanostructures makes them ideal candidates for the development of optoelectronic devices. In this study, Zn1\u2212xMnxS (x = 0.01\u20130.15%) nanobelts (NBs) were prepared via the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. The as-grown NBs were investigated by XRD and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). A significant lower angle shift was observed in the XRD spectra, which indicated the incorporation of Mn ions. A hyperfine interaction constant A of 68.6 G obtained from the EPR spectra confirmed that Mn2+ ions were successfully incorporated into the ZnS matrix. For higher Mn concentrations, the broadening of the EPR profile was attributed to the aggregation of Mn2+ ions. Moreover, successful Mn-ion doping in individual ZnS NBs was itentified by SEM\u2013EDS and Raman scattering analysis. Raman spectroscopy studies revealed a red-shift at the LO phonons, confirming the presence of Mn ions in ZnS NBs. Room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) showed that the Mn concentration plays an important role in tuning the emission from 452 nm to 877.6 nm (blue to near-infrared:NIR); whereby, up to 15% Mn, PL showed emissions are centered at 447, 535, 580.7, 651.1, and 877.6 nm. Herein, the first two peaks were assigned to anti-ferromagnetic coupling of 4 Mn ions, and the interaction of 2 Mn ions with stack faults in ZnS NBs. The next peak was from the typical d\u2013d transition (4T1(4G) \u2192 6A1(6S)) of Mn2+, and the last two peaks were assigned to the aggregate made up of 2 Mn ions and (MnS)5 cluster-related emission with ferromagnetic coupling. NIR emission was also detected from the 10% Mn-doped CdS NBs. To the best of our knowledge, herein, NIR emission was observed for the first time in ZnS nanostructures. These kinds of nanomaterials may have potential applications in photovoltaics, telecommunications, and remote sensing.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":136031166,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2739216137","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C7TC02206A","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"trisomy 21. In the remaining three cases with outcomes of trisomy 21, the diagnosis of trisomy 21 was not made in the first trimester although sonographic findings on the second-trimester ultrasound led to the prenatal diagnosis in two of the cases (atrioventricular canal in one and flat face with hypoplastic NB in the other). Conclusion: NB assessment can increase the detection rate of trisomy 21 by detecting the subset of trisomy 21 fetuses presenting with normal NT. Teaching and training in ultrasound assessment of the NB is important for establishing the real value of this ultrasound marker in the population of trisomy 21 fetuses with normal nuchal translucency thickness.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":72392198,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2073531628","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/uog.4780","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1002\/uog.4780","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"There has been a growing trend to use temporal data in a data warehouse for making strategic and tactical decisions. The key idea of temporal data management is to make data available at the right time with different time intervals. The temporal data storing enables this by making all the different time slices of data available to whoever needs it. Users with different data latency needs can all be accommodated. Data can be \"frozen\" via a view on the proper time slice. Data as of a point in time can be obtained across multiple tables or multiple subject areas, resolving consistency and synchronization issues. This paper will discuss implementations such as temporal data updates, coexistence of load and query against the same table, performance of load and report queries, and maintenance of views against the tables with temporal data.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":46494883,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"276753271","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A new online visual inspection technique is proposed, based on a wavelet reconstruction scheme over images obtained from the hull. This type of visual inspection to detect defects in hull surfaces is commonly carried out at shipyards by human inspectors before the hull repair task starts. We propose the use of Shannon entropy for automatic selection of the band for image reconstruction which provides a low decomposition level, thus avoiding excessive degradation of the image, allowing more precise defect segmentation. The proposed method here is capable of on-line assisting to a robotic system to perform grit blasting operations over damage areas of ship hulls. This solution allows a reliable and cost-effective operation for hull grit spot blasting. A prototype of the automated blasting system has been developed and tested in the Spanish NAVANTIA shipyards.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":55107444,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1974961776","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/101837","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mpe\/2013\/101837.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Incessant human population growth is a major cause of wildlife loss worldwide. Wildlife species, which offer a number of human needs, decline or disappear as human populations clear wildlife habitats for anthropogenic activities. The objectives of this paper are to synthesize the available information concerning human and wildlife populations and to develop a spatial GIS model for the Ugalla Ecosystem to estimate the future impacts of increasing human populations on wildlife populations using a combination of fine-resolution human population data for the years 2002, 2012, and 2050. A survey was conducted to supplement data and support the model on the relationships between human and wildlife population densities. Results indicate that by 2050, many of the presently abundant types of wildlife species will begin to disappear as the number of people in contact with wildlife increases. The paper therefore suggests that burgeoining human population around protected areas must be curtailed to enhance both consumptive and non consumptive forms of tourism in future.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":129121367,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1486944801","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Urbanization is quickly increasing in Africa, raising important questions on how food value chains to cities function and what the implications of urban growth are for the local food trade and farm sector. We study the rural\u2013urban value chain of teff in Ethiopia, by value its most important staple value chain. Relying on unique large-scale surveys at different levels in this value chain, we find\u2014in contrast to conventional wisdom\u2014that value chains are relatively short and that average farmers obtain a high share, of about 80 percent, of the final consumer price in the major terminal market, Addis Ababa. We further find that producer prices decline the further farmers live from the city. Stock release by farmers is smooth over the year and the importance of distress sales after harvest is lower than commonly assumed. As these are all signs of well-functioning markets and as room for improvements toward higher producer prices are small, policy interventions aiming to increase market efficiency therefore seem to have little potential for the major teff production areas of Ethiopia.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":6596733,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1522585753","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The mechanisms governing disease-associated chromatin organization and drug selectivity are poorly understood. Our epigenetic drug screening experiments identify two distinct lineage-specific drug-responsive patterns in myeloid leukemia (MDS\/AML) cells. We have established multiple MDS\/AML cell lines resistant to nucleic acid analogues with different chemical backbones and have demonstrated a clear relationship between drug-resistance and sugar-phosphate backbone. Based on these results, we used various experimental approaches to elucidate leukemia-associated, drug-responsive chromatin structural changes and their underlying mechanisms. Our data demonstrate that hnRNPK, a conserved factor in heterogeneous nuclear RNA-binding protein (hnRNP) complexes, directly interacts with RNA m5C methyltransferases NSUNs\/DMNT2 and RNA-polymerase II (pol-II)\/CTD9 as well as erythroid vs myeloid lineage-determining transcription factors (TFs) GATA1 and SPI1\/PU.1 to form distinct drug-responsive chromatin structures in MDS\/AML cells. hnRNP preferentially binds to methylated polypyrimidine RNA sequences to facilitate transcription elongation. Compared to azacitidine-sensitive MDS\/AML cells, there is a marked increase in azacitidine-resistant MDS\/AML cells in RNA m5C and NUSNs\/ DNMT2 associated with a marked increase in the interaction between hnRNPK and active pol-II\/CDK9. By employing a newly-developed nascent RNA capturing technology coupled with super-resolution stimulated-emission depletion confocal microscopy, we demonstrate co-localization of hnRNPK with the TFs and active pol-II at nascent RNA sites in MDS\/AML cells, further supporting the existence of hnRNPK-mediated drug-responsive transcription and lineage-specific chromatin structures in MDS\/AML cells. Our experiments using clinical specimens demonstrate a positive correlation between MDS\/AML progression and increase in expression of hnRNPK and RNA m5C methyltransferases, supporting their importance and clinical relevance. Furthermore, knockdown of hnRNPK and RNA 5mC methyltransferases effectively inhibited the growth of MDS\/AML cells. In conclusion, our data demonstrate distinct RNA m5C methyltransferases\/hnRNPK-mediated chromatin structures that control the growth and drug sensitivity of MDS\/AML cells. Based on our data, we propose a novel working model of RNA m5C methyltransferase\/hnRNPK-mediated drug-responsive chromatin structure in MDS\/AML cells, in which RNA m5C methyltransferases function as the writers of m5C on nascent RNA, and hnRNPK functions as a reader of the RNA m5C and an operator to regulate transcription elongation and gene activation. Such novel chromatin structure-based drug action models and mechanisms may identify new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic approaches. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Jason X. Cheng, Li Cheng, Adam Cloe, Yuan Li, Ming Yue, Michelle M. Le Beau, Richard A. Larson, James W. Vardiman. RNA m5C methyltransferases and hnRNPK mediate disease-associated chromatin structure and drug resistance in leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4470. doi:10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2017-4470","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":80319977,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2741898037","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2017-4470","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study investigates the determinants of commercial and retail airport revenues as well as revenues from real estate operations. Cross-sectional OLS, 2SLS and robust regression models of European airports identify a number of significant drivers of airport revenues. Aviation revenues per passenger are mainly determined by the national income per capita in which the airport is located, the percentage of leisure travelers and the size of the airport proxied by total aviation revenues. Main drivers of commercial revenues per passenger include the total number of passengers passing through the airport, the ratio of commercial to total revenues, the national income, the share of domestic and leisure travelers and the total number of flights. These results are in line with previous findings of a negative influence of business travelers on commercial revenues per passenger. We also find that a high amount of retail space per passenger is generally associated with lower commercial revenues per square meter confirming decreasing marginal revenue effects. Real estate revenues per passenger are positively associated with national income per capita at airport location, share of intra-EU passengers and percent delayed flights. Overall, aviation and non-aviation revenues appear to be strongly interlinked, underlining the potential for a comprehensive airport management strategy above and beyond mere cost minimization of the aviation sector.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":154909084,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Homeless women can provide valuable information about the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especially human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, in Iran. However, they are not readily accessible for epidemiological studies and hence, there is limited information about HIV infection prevalence among them. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of HIV infection and the perceptions of STIs among homeless women in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014. Participants were 241 homeless women who were recruited through quota sampling from twelve drop-in centers and night shelters affiliated to a local welfare organization in Tehran, Iran. Data were collected using the perception of STIs Questionnaire as well as serological testing for HIV infection using DS-EIA-HIV-Ag\/Ab-Screen kit (manufactured in Italy). Descriptive statistics measures and the independent-samples t-test were used for data description and analysis. Results: The prevalence of HIV infection was 8.3%. There were significant differences between HIV-positive and HIV-negative women respecting their overall STI risk perception (P = 0.003) and its two subscales, namely insufficient knowledge (P = 0.007) and inconsistent condom use (P = 0.030). Conclusion: Homeless women have low STI risk perception. Training and counseling programs are necessary to improve their STI-related knowledge, perception, and attitudes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":260869152,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2891730776","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4103\/NMS.NMS_79_17","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify differences in muscle distribution in athletes of various ball sports using segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis (SBIA). Participants were 115 male collegiate athletes from four ball sports (baseball, soccer, tennis, and lacrosse). Percent body fat (%BF) and lean body mass were measured, and SBIA was used to measure segmental muscle volume (MV) in bilateral upper arms, forearms, thighs, and lower legs. We calculated the MV ratios of dominant to nondominant, proximal to distal, and upper to lower limbs. The measurements consisted of a total of 31 variables. Cluster and factor analyses were applied to identify redundant variables. The muscle distribution was significantly different among groups, but the %BF was not. The classification procedures of the discriminant analysis could correctly distinguish 84.3% of the athletes. These results suggest that collegiate ball game athletes have adapted their physique to their sport movements very well, and the SBIA, which is an affordable, noninvasive, easy-to-operate, and fast alternative method in the field, can distinguish ball game athletes according to their specific muscle distribution within a 5-minute measurement. The SBIA could be a useful, affordable, and fast tool for identifying talents for specific sports.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":14168352,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2033731185","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2147\/OAJSM.S43512","PubMedCentral":"3871051","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Multi-antenna-based multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communications becomes the next revolution in wireless data communications. MIMO has gone through the adoption curve for commercial wireless systems to the point that today, all high throughput commercial standards, i.e. WiMax, Wi-Fi, cellular, etc., have adopted MIMO as part of the optional. This paper is to present our investigations of the behaviors of the MIMO Ultra-Wide-Band-Impulse Radio (UWB-IR) systems, which will contribute to optimal designs for the low-power high-speed data communication over unlicensed bandwidth spanning several GHz, such as IEEE 802.15 families. Our investigations are based on that without requiring any channel estimation procedure we develop and analyze three no coherent transceiver channels based on Poisson model. The simulations for our investigations show that the Poisson distribution of the path arriving will affect the signal-noise ratio (SNR) and that for the Nakagami distributed multipath fading channel the \"m\" factor, together with receiver number will impact on the SNR on the MIMO UWB-IR systems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":14100149,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2154429248","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ISWPC.2009.4800593","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":". The Cepheid Period-Luminosity relation is unquestionably one of the most powerful tools at our disposal for determining the ex-tragalactic distance scale. While significant progress has been made in the past few years towards its understanding and characterisation, both on the observational (e.g. the HST Key Project) and theoretical (e.g. non-linear pulsation models, non-LTE atmospheres etc.) sides, the de bate on the influence that chemical composition may have on the Period-Luminosity relation is still unsettled. Current estimates lead to differ ences in the distance as large as 15%, effectively limiting the accuracy of Cepheids as distance indicators. To further tackle this problem, we have obtained high resolution spectra of a large sample of Cepheids in our Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds. The superb quality of the data allow us to probe the detailed effects of chemical composition (alpha, iron-group, and heavy elements) over more than a factor of ten in metal licity. Here, we present the first preliminary results of the analysis of iron abundances in a sub-sample of Cepheids.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":249174166,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"China has achieved significant progress in controlling parasitic diseases through extensive campaigns over the last seven decades. In 2015, the criteria for schistosomiasis transmission control were met nationwide (1), and no indigenous malaria cases have been reported in China since 2017 (2). Moreover, the number of areas with endemic visceral leishmaniasis has been markedly reduced from 16 to 7 provincial-level administrative divisions (PLADs) (3). Surveillance plays an indispensable role in vector-borne parasitic disease control and elimination. Epidemiological data based on surveillance can be used to elucidate disease epidemiology, formulate and adjust control strategies, evaluate intervention effects, and predict epidemic trends.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":225470171,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3049721033","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.46234\/ccdcw2020.177","PubMedCentral":"8392959","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/weekly.chinacdc.cn\/en\/article\/pdf\/preview\/10.46234\/ccdcw2020.177","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background\nMedulloblastoma in adult patients is rare, with 0.6 cases per million. Prognosis depends on clinical factors and medulloblastoma entity. No prospective data on the feasibility of radiochemotherapy exist. The German Neuro-Oncology Working Group (NOA) performed a prospective descriptive multicenter single-arm phase II trial to evaluate feasibility and toxicity of radio-polychemotherapy.\n\n\nMethods\nThe NOA-07 trial combined craniospinal irradiation with vincristine, followed by 8 cycles of cisplatin, lomustine, and vincristine. Adverse events, imaging and progression patterns, histological and genetic markers, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and cognition were evaluated. Primary endpoint was the rate of toxicity-related treatment terminations after 4 chemotherapy cycles, and the toxicity profile. The feasibility goal was reached if at least 45% of patients received at least 4 cycles of maintenance chemotherapy.\n\n\nResults\nThirty patients were evaluable. Each 50% showed classic and desmoplastic\/nodular histology. Sixty-seven percent were classified into the sonic hedgehog (SHH) subgroup without TP53 alterations, 13% in wingless (WNT), and 17% in non-WNT\/non-SHH. Four cycles of chemotherapy were feasible in the majority (n = 21; 70.0%). Hematological side effects and polyneuropathy were prevalent toxicities. During the active treatment period, HRQoL and verbal fluency improved significantly. The 3-year event-free survival rate was 66.6% at the time of databank lock.\n\n\nConclusions\nRadio-polychemotherapy did lead to considerable toxicity and a high amount of dose reductions throughout the first 4 chemotherapy cycles that may affect efficacy. Thus, we propose frequent patient surveillance using this regimen. Modifications of the regimen may increase feasibility of radio-polychemotherapy of adult patients with medulloblastoma.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":3553318,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2749612298","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/neuonc\/nox155","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/neuro-oncology\/article-pdf\/20\/3\/400\/24001599\/nox155.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In suburban school district, the gap in mathematics performance between students considered economically disadvantaged and economically no disadvantaged was slowly widening as evidenced by state test scores. The purpose and research questions of this instrumental case study were designed to: (a) identify what Grades 6, 7 and 8 mathematics teachers perceive the role socioeconomic status plays in ability to learn mathematics and to (b) understand what teachers believe affects their perceptions of students' ability to learn mathematics. Participants were middle school mathematics teachers from a small, diverse, suburban school district. Data was gathered through semistructured interviews; and publicly available aggregated demographic data. Identified themes were used to understand how teacher perceptions affect mathematics instruction and student success. The results indicated that a position paper outlining a course of action intended to increase teachers' understanding of the needs of students from low socioeconomic backgrounds, be created and presented to the district leadership.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":216211213,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3013199979","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.30845\/jesp.v7n1p5","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30845\/jesp.v7n1p5","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The accumulation of copper by 137 strains of bacteria, 47 moulds and 14 yeasts, isolated from contaminated environments or obtained from culture collections, has been investigated with a view to obtaining a strain suitable for removing dissolved copper from effluents. The criteria sought were a relatively high uptake of copper together with an ability to grow without a lag and without any marked increase in the doubling time when exposed to moderately high concentrations of the metal. Organisms isolated from sites known to be contaminated with copper has low uptakes, the best strain, subsequently identified as a strain of Escherichia coli, being obtained from a site contaminated with cadmium, chromium and zinc.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":6954775,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To accelerate MEMS design for surface micromachining applications, an algorithm and associated design tool have been created which translates designers' 3Dmodels into 2D lithographic production masks. Typically, designing a surface micromachined, MEMS device requires the creation of a two-dimensional mask set describing how layers of material are used to construct the three-dimensional object. Mask sets are specific to a fixed production process and are effectively the tooling required to manufacture a device. This design tool was developed and implemented such that when given a three-dimensional object it can infer from the object's topology the two-dimensional masks needed to produce that object with surface micromachining. The masks produced by this design tool can be generic, process independent masks or, if given process constraints, specific for a target process allowing 3D designs to be carried across multiple processes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":107435984,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"116939534","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We review recent results on the charged pion - charged hadron correlation in p + p and d + Au collisions as measured by the PHENIX Collaboration. Properties of di-jet system, such as the jet shape, associated hadron yield per trigger pion, and the underlying event are extracted statistically from the \u03c0\u00b1 \u2212 h\u00b1 correlation function in \u0394 and \u0394\u03b7. For jet triggered with high pT pions (pT > 5 GeV\/c), no apparent differences in the jet properties are seen between p + p and d + Au.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":1626690,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1534176418","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/27\/1\/006","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"nucl-ex\/0506009"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1742-6596\/27\/1\/006","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In recent years, the concept of miniaturization has been applied to many areas of chemistry, one of which is the synthesis arena with the development of new microreactor technology. Compared with conventional scale vessels, microreactors are advantageous in many aspects, such as faster mixing, better heat transfer, minimal reagent use and great safety. However, the technology of microreactors is still immature and most organic reactions are simply carried out based on the existing concept and setup of 'lab-on-a-chip'. The analysis-oriented chips are always incompatible with demands of organic synthesis and so the development of synthesis-oriented microreactors is of great need. Our laboratory developed a novel capillary-based reactor system that was specific for high-throughput synthesis and screening. The computer-controlled reactor system integrated standard HPLC apparatus (autosampler, pump), fused-silica capillaries and GC in which separate zones of reactants and catalysts can be combined and loaded serially into a single reactor capillary, reacted in parallel and ejected serially for online GC analysis. One of the applications of our microreactor was to study peptide-catalyzed aldol reaction. We chose a model aldol reaction with benzaldehyde and acetone substrates and known catalyst L-proline. Chiral GC separation conditions were optimized for determination of chiral aldol products. The optimum reaction conditions were 10 mol% L-proline catalyst, DMSO and acetone 1:1 (v\/v), room temperature and 4 hr reaction time. A little amount of acetic acid was added to increase L-proline solubility in organic solvents. Several peptides were preliminarily screened in the microreactor. Unfortunately, all of them showed poor activities. The next step is to keep screening active peptide catalysts by our microreactor. Besides, novel solvents will be studied to further increase product yield and selectivity. The microreactor will also be optimized to increase its throughput and efficiency. The optimization process will be based on the combination of mathematical calculation (Mathcad software) and experiments. Moreover, the design of the microreactor will be improved in some units to make the system capable of accommodating more types of reactions such as multi-step reactions, gas-phase reactions or gas\/liquid multiphase reactions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":30716628,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"34379573","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We have developed a digital image processing technique based on highpass filtering of microfluorimetric images for selective transmission of fine image details corresponding to mitochondria. This technique enabled the detection of the mitochondrial calcium signals with high selectivity, simultaneously with the cytosolic calcium signal. The validity of this technique was supported in primary cultures of rat brain capillary endothelial cells loaded with X-rhod-1 by the results that (i) inhibition of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake by discharging the mitochondrial membrane potential selectively abolished the transient of the highpass filtered signal evoked by ATP, and (ii) CGP-37157, a selective blocker of the mitochondrial Na+\/Ca2+ exchanger, increased the peak amplitude of highpass filtered (mitochondrial) Ca2+ transients and caused a sustained plateau. The highpass filtering technique enabled the analysis of the mitochondrial Ca2+ transients in high temporal resolution. We found a uniform and monophasic rise of [Ca2+] in the mitochondrial population of the cell, following the cytosolic [Ca2+] with a delay at onset and peak. The introduced highpass filtering technique is a powerful tool in the high spatial and temporal resolution analysis of mitochondrial calcium transients, and it could be especially important in specimens where genetically targeted probes fail.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":34316611,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2053591360","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1054\/CECA.2001.0238","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Metals use a chemotaxis-like process to overcome diffusion limitations and prevent dendritic electrodeposition in batteries. The propensity of metal anodes of contemporary interest (e.g., Li, Al, Na, and Zn) to form non-planar, dendritic morphologies during battery charging is a fundamental barrier to achievement of full reversibility. We experimentally investigate the origins of dendritic electrodeposition of Zn, Cu, and Li in a three-electrode electrochemical cell bounded at one end by a rotating disc electrode. We find that the classical picture of ion depletion\u2013induced growth of dendrites is valid in dilute electrolytes but is essentially irrelevant in the concentrated (\u22651 M) electrolytes typically used in rechargeable batteries. Using Zn as an example, we find that ion depletion at the mass transport limit may be overcome by spontaneous reorientation of Zn crystallites from orientations parallel to the electrode surface to dominantly homeotropic orientations, which appear to facilitate contact with cations outside the depletion layer. This chemotaxis-like process causes obvious texturing and increases the porosity of metal electrodeposits.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":219896209,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3036917787","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abb1122","PubMedCentral":"7299631","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/advances.sciencemag.org\/content\/advances\/6\/25\/eabb1122.full.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A study included 163 patients with focal cryptogenic and symptomatic forms of epilepsy and 47 sex- and age-matched controls. Disturbances of autochronometry in epileptic patients were studied with regard to character, duration, severity, seasonality of seizures and localization of pathological activity in EEG. The elongation of internal count of chronominutes and the ratio of individual chronominute to duration of daylight hours suggest either the approach of a seizure or the early post seizure period, the effect of the completed seizure. The right hemisphere lesion mostly impacts on the patient's perception of time making it longer.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":44310206,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":": The Alsatian medieval chronicles report numerous examples of monstrous births; with the development of printing, fly sheets appear in order to relate exceptional phenomena. In 1652, a chair of anatomy was created; embryology and teratology, at that time solely morphological sciences, depended on anatomy. In 1670, the first anatomical theatre was built, and as early as 1672, a meticulous dissection, exceptional at that time, was performed on a thoracodymus double monster born in Strasbourg. In 1919, when the Faculty of Medicine was reorganized after Alsace was restored to France, for the first time in France, a specific chair and an institute of embryology and teratology were created. This is the beginning of the famous experimental embryology. In 1945, a chair of zoology and experimental embryology was created at the Faculty of Sciences. F. Keibel (1861-1929), P. Ancel (1873-1961), P. Vintemberger (1891-1983), J. Benoit (1896-1982), and E. Wolff, were among the famous embryologists who worked in Strasbourg.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":77596083,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2418835309","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"With his Affordable Care Act decision, Chief Justice Roberts saved conservatives from themselves. A constitutional regime that prohibited a mandate for basic health insurance while permitting Medicare and the Veterans Health Administration, presumably on the basis of government taxing authority, would have been a conservative nightmare. These partial U.S. versions of single payer and national health service are permissible, but a coherent private health insurance market is not?! The surprising thing is not that the generally conservative Roberts had the historical and logical sense to realize this, but that he was the only one of his conservative colleagues who did. \n \n \n \nIt is not the only irony presented by promarket, conservative constitutionalism in this case.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"2013-48":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":8606935,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1995401673","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/hast.70","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The hydrogen economy is accelerating technological evolutions toward highly efficient hydrogen production. In this work, the catalytic performance of NiO\/NaCl for hydrogen production via autothermal reforming of ethyl acetate and water is further improved through lanthanum modification, and the resulted 3%-NiLaOy \/NaCl catalyst achieves as high as 93% H2 selectivity and long-term stability at 600 \u00b0C. The promoting effect is caused by the strong interactions between lanthanum and NiO\/NaCl, by which LaNiO3 and a novel LaOCl phase are formed. The key role of LaOCl in promoting low-temperature hydrogen production is highlighted, while effects of LaNiO3 are well known. The LaOCl (010) facet possesses high adsorption capacity toward co-chemisorbing ethyl acetate and water. LaOCl strongly interacts with ethyl acetate and H2 O in the form of hydrogen bonding and coordination effect. The interactions induce tensions inside ethyl acetate and H2 O, activate the molecules, and hence decrease the energy barrier for reaction. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reveals that LaOCl along with NaCl enhances the adsorption ability of NiO\/NaCl. Moreover, LaOCl improves the dispersion of Ni species in NiO-LaNiO3 -LaOCl nanosheets, which possess abundant active sites. The effects together promote hydrogen evolution. Furthermore, the NiLaOy \/NaCl catalyst can be easily reborn after deactivation due to the water solubility of NaCl.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":51700713,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2884312041","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201800927","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Elastic wave propagation in 3D poroelastic geological media with localized heterogeneities, such as an elastic inclusion and a canyon is investigated to visualize the modification of local site responses under consideration of water saturated geomaterial. The extended computational environment herein developed is a direct Boundary Integral Equation Method (BIEM), based on the frequency-dependent fundamental solution of the governing equation in poro-visco elastodynamics. Bardet's model is introduced in the analysis as the computationally efficient viscoelastic isomorphism to Biot's equations of dynamic poroelasticity, thus replacing the two-phase material by a complex valued single-phase one. The potential of Bardet's analogue is illustrated for low frequency vibrations and all simulation results demonstrate the dependency of wave field developed along the free surface on the properties of the soil material.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":67853510,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Monitoring construction site activities is a critical concern to most stakeholders (owners, contractors, architects, engineers, suppliers, etc.) in a construction project. Successful projects are often determined by the level of awareness of project status or work task performance. Thus, information has inherent value for real-time or near real-time decision making. Good resource procurement and resource allocation of workforce, material, and equipment comes in play when job site conditions can be efficiently and effectively assessed. Semior automated technologies in the data collection and assessment process can assist in making fast and confident decisions. This paper introduces an emerging technology called Ultra Wide Band (UWB) for real-time location sensing and resource tracking. The technology, its use as data collection tool, preliminary data processing algorithms, experiments, and results are presented in the context of active work zone safety and material location tracking. Many more application areas exist where UWB might impact the field and project management level to overall benefit the construction industry's competitiveness.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":53453282,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Using data from high-resolution wide-area GPS-synchronized measurements to detect and analyze disturbances within a synchronous electrical interconnection is not trivial. Deterministic methods often fall prey to the non-stationary noisy nature of this type of data. This paper dwells on the location of noteworthy events within \"blue-sky\" ambient data taken from particularly noisy environments. The statistical processing used to detect and analyze power system events is congealed into a concise and tunable algorithm that is applicable to a multitude of data types. The data analyzed herein is drawn from FNET, a wide-area measurement system deployed worldwide at standard end-user distribution voltages.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":197745,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2032926054","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2011.2165566","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Functionality is a fundamental attribute of an object which indicates the capability to be used to perform specific actions. It is critical to empower robots the functionality knowledge in discovering appropriate objects for a task e.g. cut cake using knife. Existing research works have focused on understanding object functionality through human-object-interaction from extensively annotated image or video data and are hard to scale up. In this paper, we (1) mine object-functionality knowledge through pattern-based and model-based methods from text, (2) introduce a novel task on physical object-functionality prediction, which consumes an image and an action query to predict whether the object in the image can perform the action, and (3) propose a method to leverage the mined functionality knowledge for the new task. Our experimental results show the effectiveness of our methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":213976555,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2997072749","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1609\/AAAI.V34I01.5342","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Teaching for active learning has been widely recognized as a more effective teaching methodology than traditional transmission models of teaching. However, numerous studies have documented the persistence of traditional teaching methods despite the extensive research literature on the effectiveness of teaching for active learning and frequent efforts to train teachers to use this approach in their classrooms. In this article a team of lecturers from the University of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa (UNTIRTA: Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa ) in Indonesia report on an action research project carried out at an elementary-level madrasah in the city of Cilegon. Members of the team gathered qualitative data through interviews, focus groups, and classroom observations in order to better understand the challenges teachers faced in teaching for active learning before designing and carrying out a collaborative intervention designed to help teachers use active learning strategies in a mathematics classroom. Key Words: Active Learning, Madrasah, Mathematics, Indonesia","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":123162761,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2084733036","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5195\/EHE.2011.60","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The social movements during the last 50 years of the 20th century were among the most tumultuous years for people of color. African Americans, among other groups, confronted obstacles on what they could be and do. Negative social attitudes and the status of ethnic and racial groups were challenged and underwent change (Valverde, 2003). African Americans experienced harsh treatments in educational institutions and had to develop unconventional ways to advocate for themselves and those in their community (Jean-Marie, James, & Bynum, 2006). As the civil rights movement became a full-scale struggle, like many people of color, the African-American female leaders in this study confronted and disrupted institutions thought to be responsible for their oppression (Jean-Marie, 2005). The purpose of this paper is to explore the experiences of three African-American women leaders in historically black institutions in one southeastern state. This paper documents how individuals committed to social justice and racial uplift connect their professional work with social and political activism in the quest for equality and justice for African Americans--and all people. Presented are women whose elementary and secondary educational foundations were formed in segregated schools (i.e., fewer resources, lack of funding, limited teachers and classrooms). Their coming of age was inextricably linked to the larger changing consciousness of African Americans who challenged the existing social order in new ways (Ladson-Billings, 1997; Robnett, 1997). When the 1954 landmark Brown v. Board of Education ruling declared that schools should be desegregated with all deliberate speed (Valverde, 2003), these African-American women were among the freedom fighters who integrated public schools, and later pursued higher education and professional careers (Jean-Marie, 2005). According to Valverde (2003), Education in general and higher education in particular became important for the individual, but especially for persons of color, who were consistently denied access to formal school early in the development of the United States and were more recently denied access to desegregated and good schools. (p. 12) The women leaders in this study come from a tradition of protest [that has been transmitted] across generations by older relatives, black educational institutions, churches, and protest organizations (Morris, 1984). Similar to these participants, many African-American professionals dedicate themselves to ensure that future generations are successfully prepared to embrace personal and societal challenges. The participants' commitment to racial uplift is related to their own experiences--born, educated, and started their educational career in a segregated America, both de jure and later de factor (Valverde, 2003). In particular, the perspectives of African-American women who were born and raised during the pre- and post-Civil Rights Movement are uniquely shaped (Loder, 2005b; Robnett, 1997) by their experiences. The Brown v. Board of Education ruling had an impact on the social lives of African-Americans who were previously denied equal access to education. Theoretical Framework The historic ruling of Brown v. Board of Education redefined what public education should be for people of color in a time where \"separate but equal\" dominated social institutions in the United States. The ruling was met with resistance by the dominant class who wanted to maintain the status quo. African Americans, nonetheless, persisted in their struggle to end social injustices, bigotry, and discrimination, and dismantled institutional practices and structures that hindered their advancement in society. Rather than a cry of \"let us in,\" there were increasing calls for self-definition and self-determination among African Americans and other people of color (Gordon, 2000; Ladson-Billings, 1997). The collective mission of 'racial uplift' became the mantra that African Americans proposed as their mission. \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":142456913,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1480111572","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We introduce Phantom\u03b1s, an open-source software library to create realistic phantoms in structural and diffusion MRI. This is intended as a tool for researchers working in method development or translational research in the field of diffusion-weighted MRI. The software allows evaluation of the whole tractography processing pipeline: acquisition design, preprocessing, local reconstruction and tractography algorithm.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":60241729,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"620785370","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"After a long history of neglecting children with special needs, Congress enacted the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) to grant every child with a qualifying disability the right to a free and appropriate public education. To ensure local compliance, the IDEA created a private right of action through which parents may sue their school district for failing to offer an adequate education for their child. If successful, these parents, may then send their child to a private school at the expense of their local government. Private enforcement of the IDEA has helped equalize educational opportunities for wealthy children whose parents can afford to commit to the financial, emotional, and physical costs of suing the government, but children of less affluent families who cannot afford to make similar commitments are often left behind when a school district fails to adhere to the IDEA's mandate. As a result, large special educational disparities exist in segregated school districts between wealthy, predominantly white families and less affluent, predominantly non-white families. \nState and local governments have mostly limited their efforts to fully achieve the IDEA's goal by implementing voucher programs, which allow only a handful of low-income\u00a0children to enjoy the educational opportunities afforded to their wealthier peers. Under Mayor Bill De Blasio, New York City took a different approach and began settling most IDEA claims to effectively lower the procedural barrier for parents. Much like vouchers, however, De Blasio's policy fails to address the underlying issue: The IDEA's reliance on private enforcement will continue to fail those who historically have been deliberately excluded from the full social and economic benefits of white citizenship. State and local governments must go beyond tinkering with the accessibility of the private enforcement mechanism and instead invest financial resources to equalize educational opportunity through public enforcement of the IDEA. This Note assesses potential state and local policy reforms to secure expanded special education opportunity and discusses how New York City can begin to effectively lead in IDEA public enforcement.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":229293723,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2804496746","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7916\/CJRL.V8I2.2335","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"High frame-rate images typically possess a high temporal correlation between their motion vectors. By use of this characteristic, high accuracy motion estimation techniques for high frame-rate images were proposed in our previous work. Compared with conventional methods, our proposed methods are relatively resistant to spatial aliasing errors. However these methods are still inadequate for resistant to spatial aliasing errors. This paper proposes a new matching based motion estimation method that further improves spatial resolution. The proposed motion estimation method is more resistant to spatial aliasing errors and is suitable for reconstructing a high spatial resolution image using multiple high frame-rate images. The method uses multiple previous frames for motion estimation. First, motion vectors are independently estimated between the current frame and multiple previous frames using the basic block matching method and parabola fitting. Next, a timeaxially-averaged motion vector is approximated from multiple motion vectors using the least-squares method. Finally, the motion vector in the current frame is calculated by the approximation straight line. The results of motion estimation experiments conducted using images with spatial aliasing errors show that the proposed method improves accuracy. Further, the results of super-resolution experiments conducted using high frame-rate images show that the proposed method also improves spatial resolution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":11231497,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2331082418","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.18178\/JOIG.3.2.117-121","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To investigate the role of stress in nitrogen management in plants, the effect of pathogen attack, elicitors, and phytohormone application on the expression of the two senescence-related markers GS1 (cytosolic glutamine synthetase EC 184.108.40.206) and GDH (glutamate dehydrogenase, EC 22.214.171.124) involved in nitrogen mobilization in senescing leaves of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants, was studied. The expression of genes involved in primary nitrogen assimilation such as GS2 (chloroplastic glutamine synthetase) and Nia (nitrate reductase, EC 22.214.171.124) was also analysed. The Glubas gene, coding a beta-1,3-glucanase, was used as a plant-defence gene control. As during natural senescence, the expression of GS2 and Nia was repressed under almost all stress conditions. By contrast, GS1 and GDH mRNA accumulation was increased. However, GS1 and GDH showed differential patterns of expression depending on the stress applied. The expression of GS1 appeared more selective than GDH. Results indicate that the GDH and GS1 genes involved in leaf senescence are also a component of the plant defence response during plant-pathogen interaction. The links between natural plant senescence and stress-induced senescence are discussed, as well as the potential role of GS1 and GDH in a metabolic safeguard process.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":15879557,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2129289175","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/JXB\/ERJ035","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Until the current economic crisis, the recovery capacity of the American and French labour markets had often been compared. The United States had been considered more \"resilient\", namely more affected by cyclical shocks in the short term but more quickly coming back to their initial path in the medium term. As this conclusion may be modified in the context of the current crisis, it is also relevant to study if it is actually valid on the previous period. Between 1986 and 2007, the output gap of the United States presented more pronounced fluctuations and came back to the equilibrium more rapidly. However, it does not mean that the United States were more resilient since it can also result from the fact that the American economy was affected by other kinds of shocks than the French economy. To distinguish which explanation is the most relevant, it is difficult to use an astructural approach. This study is therefore based on a structural approach directly inspired from Christoffel and Linzert (2005). We use two calibrated DSGE models, one for the French economy, the other for the United States, which include a labour market matching model a la Diamond, Mortensen and Pissarides. The comparison of the impulse response functions between the two models show that differences in resilience cannot be assessed globally: they depend on the shock which affects the economy. The differences are the most significant for shocks related to the labour market but they are less sensible for standard shocks like productivity shocks or monetary shocks. We use the same DSGE models to determine the nature of historical shocks between 1986 and 2007 and to assess the contributions of these shocks to output fluctuations. According to the models, the dynamics of the two economies on the period is thus characterized by different combinations of shocks, rather than different absorption capacity of these shocks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":153745178,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1582947385","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Bringing together new accounts of the pulp horror writings of H.P. Lovecraft and the rise of the popular early 20th-century religious movements of American Pentecostalism and Social Gospel, Pentecostal Modernism challenges traditional histories of modernism as a secular avant-garde movement based in capital cities such as London or Paris. Disrupting accounts that separate religion from progressive social movements and mass culture, Stephen Shapiro and Philip Barnard construct a new Modernism belonging to a history of regional cities, new urban areas powered by the hopes and frustrations of recently urbanized populations seeking a better life. In this way, Pentecostal Modernism shows how this process of urbanization generates new cultural practices including the invention of religious traditions and mass-cultural forms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":148868506,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2783534973","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5040\/9781474238762","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The subset of metastatic colorectal adenocarcinomas that harbor BRAF V600E mutations are aggressive tumors with significantly shortened survival and limited treatment options. Here we present a colorectal cancer patient whose disease progressed through standard chemotherapy and who developed liver metastasis. Comprehensive genomic profiling (FoundationOne\u00ae) identified a BRAF V600E mutation in the liver lesion, as well as other genomic alterations consistent with colorectal cancers. Combination therapy of dabrafenib and trametinib with standard cytotoxic chemotherapy resulted in a durable major ongoing response for the patient. This report illustrates the utility of comprehensive genomic profiling with personalized targeted therapy for aggressive metastatic colorectal adenocarcinomas.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":15776260,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2184947248","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S90766","PubMedCentral":"4671814","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A innovative structure of sandwich composite rectangular plate with dimensions of 350 \u00d783.5\u00d79.5mm was designed, it was made of unidirectional prepreg of carbon fibre and woven fabric prepreg of carbon fiber as face materials and paulownia as core material by hand lay-up performing and press molding technology for investigating the dynamic performance such as natural frequency and modal shapes. Based on testing the in-plane and out-plane mechanical properties of composite samples reinforced by unidirectional carbon fibre and carbon fiber woven fabric, a ANSYS FEA dynamic modeling was developed. According to the impulse response modal test method, a modal test system was established. The natural frequency test results showed that the minimum natural frequency of sandwich composite rectangular plate is about 616.45Hz which is higher about 27.5% than that of aluminum rectangular plate reinforced by carbon. The modal experiment indicated that the 1st modal shape, 2nd modal shape, 3rd modal shape and 4th modal shape of the sandwich composite rectangular plate were torsional vibration, flexural vibration shape, torsional flexural vibration and double-flexural vibration separately. It was found the calculating precision of FEA dynamic predication was very high, the dynamic predicating results by FEA could provide fundamental data to the optimal design high speed reciprocating sandwich composite rectangular parts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":135891746,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2045710150","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.194-196.2415","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background Participant observation refers here to a specific health psychology research methodology in which the researcher takes on a role of participant observer in the practice of health care under observation into natural situation of daily work of diabetes therapy. The researcher immerses him\/herself in the institutional context and into the health care setting in order to experience with the other(s) professional(s) the daily routine of the treatment and prevention with patients on carrier of this illness. Method Studying the reality of doctor patient communication in the field of diabetes mellitus the researcher try to comprehend the motives and meanings of the subject\u00b4s actions from the viewpoint of those involved. On everyday lives questions may be propose: How this health care practice is been occurring? How the accompaniment of the therapeutic and prevention process is been working? This accompaniment is been working successfulness? How the relationship between professionals and patients take place? There is a dialogical communication in this interaction? Which events seem to be relevant in this context? To register the observations and data collection the researcher generally use techniques resources as field notes, self-analyses notes, reflexivity journal, interviews. Findings and Discussion The assemblage of those registered informations is organized and analysed according to health psychology theoretical reference on treatment and prevention in diabetes mellitus, type II. The results of this study must be discussed with the group where the participant observation takes place. Nevertheless, the results are relative to local and institutional micro-analyse. The research results are compared with the others been realised in similar organisational context and methodology and will be transformed in the education of patient - doctor communication in Brazil.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":2,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":141546546,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1500509082","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a superiorly based TRAM flap for breast reconstruction with its superior border abutting the inframammary fold. This flap would have a primary blood supply from the superior epigastric vessels, similar to a free flap attached to the mammary system. This flap, however, would not require microsurgery. Instead, it would have its superior epigastric pedicle lengthened by partial rib resection. Donor site closure would be accomplished by reverse abdominoplasty and the donor scar hidden in the inframammary fold. The surgical anatomy of such an extended TRAM flap (eTRAM) was investigated by cannulation of the internal mammary artery (IMA) in 10 fresh human cadavers bilaterally, injection with latex, and then dissection throughout its intrathoracic course. At the level of the third intercostal space, the mean external diameters of the right and left IMA were found to be 2.5 mm and 2.3 mm, respectively. The diameter of the vessel decreased until the IMA bifurcated into the superior epigastric artery and the musculophrenic artery, usually at the sixth intercostal space. The superior epigastric artery, having a mean diameter of 1.6 mm at its origin, descended caudally behind the seventh costal cartilage and could be followed until it entered the posterior rectus sheath and the rectus abdominis muscle. On its downward course, it was not embedded in the diaphragm muscle and was easily separated without violation of the thoracic cavity. From this anatomic study, it seems to be possible to raise an eTRAM after partial rib resection. Some technical considerations of such a flap are discussed. This modification of the TRAM would be helpful to surgeons commonly performing pedicled TRAM flaps and might extend its applicability beyond breast reconstruction to chest wall, intrathoracic, and head and neck reconstruction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":26539668,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2017517130","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/01.SAP.0000046786.54698.02","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As an additional opportunistic component to the Southern African Magnetotelluric Experiment (SAMTEX), audio-magnetotelluric (AMT) data were acquired during the most recent phase of the experiment (Phase IV) to investigate the local-scale conductivity substructure in the Otjiwarongo and Katima Mulilo regions (Namibia), as to aid in the installation of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) earth electrodes that has since taken place. Both of the AMT surveys are situated close to the edge of the orogenic NeoProterozoic Damara Mobile Belt (DMB). Previous studies all point to the existence of a highly conductive mid-crustal zone which correlates well with the spatial location of the DMB. Two-dimensional (2D) inverse modelling of the Otjiwarongo AMT data confirms the existence of the high conductive zone at mid-crustal depths (10-15 km). The high conductivity of the DMB is explained by the presence of interconnected graphite in the marble units present. The Katima Mulilo inversion results are characterized by a conductive upper crustal layer that does not form part of the DMB conductive belt. It is deduced that at the uppermost subsurface Kalahari sediments are responsible for the high conductivity observed while at greater depth it is due to ironstone within the Ghanzi Group. In contrast to the conductive DMB, the lithospheric structure of the neighbouring Archaean cratons, the Congo and Kalahari, are generally found to be electrically resistive. Therefore, it is hypothesized that ground return current, if present, will flow along a path between the Otjiwarongo and Katima Mulilo regions that lies either exclusively, or almost entirely within the DMB. The hypothesis is tested by inputting a three dimensional (3D) conductivity model (calculated using available magnetotelluric (MT) data and geological information) of the region into a DC resistivity forward modelling code. Forward modelling shows that the return current is only confined to, and follows regional trends characteristic of, the conductive DMB for approximately 200-300 km away from the injection point, after which there is no preferential flow.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":129971245,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2247379983","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract The electron microprobe compositions and crystal structure of seven members of the grandidierite- ominelite (MgAl3BSiO9-Fe2+Al3BSiO9) series with X = (Fe2+ + Mn + Zn)\/(Fe2+ + Mn + Zn + Mg) ranging from 0.00 to 0.52 were studied to determine the geometric effects of Fe substitution for Mg on the crystal structures. Calculating Fe3+ from the electron microprobe analyses gave 0.04.0.06 Fe3+ apfu, but such small amounts at the Al sites could not be detected in the refinements. Regression equations derived from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data show that b increases by 0.18 \u00c5 from X = 0.1. The crystal structure refinements show that the most significant changes involve the (Mg,Fe2+)O5 polyhedron, which increases in volume by 0.36 \u00c53 (5.0%), largely as a result of expansion of the MgFe- O5, -O2, and -O6 (\u00d72) bond distances, which increase by 0.09 (4.4%), 0.06, and 0.04 \u00c5, respectively. Other significant changes include increasing O1-MgFe-O2 (3.44\u00b0) and -Al3-O5a angles (1.9\u00b0) and a decreasing O6-MgFe-O6b (.2.20\u00b0) angle. Significant increases are also seen in the lengths of the O1-O2 (0.13 \u00c5) and O6-O5a (\u00d72) (0.09 \u00c5) edges. The SiO4 tetrahedra appear to respond to changes in the surrounding polyhedra by changing O-Si-O angles such that the tetrahedral angle variance and mean tetrahedral quadratic elongation increase with X. The BO3 triangles appear to behave as relatively invariant units in the crystal structure. Regression equations obtained from the MgFe-O bond distances were used to determine a radius for VFe2+ of 0.70 \u00c5. Although our samples show little Mn, the presence of Mn2+ at the MgFe site would be expected to cause more distortion than an equivalent amount of Fe2+. Substitution of Zn likely would have little effect. The presence of Cr3+ at any of the Al sites would be expected to increase the size of the coordination sphere, but the substitution of P5+ for Si at the Si sites would most likely decrease the Si-O bond distances.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":95715374,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2034256572","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2138\/am.2007.2275","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"It is often assumed that antioxidant nutrients contribute to the protection afforded by fruits, vegetables, and red wine against diseases of aging. However, the effect of fruit, vegetable and red wine consumption on the overall antioxidant status in human is unclear. In this study we investigated the responses in serum total antioxidant capacity following comsumption of strawberries (240 g), spinach (294 g), red wine (300 ml) or vitamin C (1250 mg) in eight elderly women. Total antioxidant capacity was determined using different methods: oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay and ferric reducing ability (FRAP) assay. The results showed that the total antioxidant capacity of serum determined as ORAC, TEAC and FRAP, using the area under the curve, increased significantly by 7-25% during the 4-h period following consumption of red wine, strawberries, vitamin C or spinach. The total antioxidant capacity of urine determined as ORAC increased (P < 0.05) by 9.6, 27.5, and 44.9% for strawberries, spinach, and vitamin C, respectively, during the 24-h period following these treatments. The plasma vitamin C level after the strawberry drink, and the serum urate level after the strawberry and spinach treatments, also increased significantly. However, the increased vitamin C and urate levels could not fully account for the increased total antioxidant capacity in serum following the consumption of strawberries, spinach or red wine. We conclude that the consumption of strawberries, spinach or red wine, which are rich in antioxidant phenolic compounds, can increase the serum antioxidant capacity in humans. J. Nutr. 2383-2390, 1998","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":4447254,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1929245453","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/JN\/128.12.2383","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As the association of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) with its binding protein (BP) to form a dimer complex (CRF2\/BP2) appears to be dependent on the nature of the ligand we have compared the circular dichroism difference spectra after association of the BP with ovine (o) CRF, human (h) CRF and the alpha-helical CRF (9-41) antagonist. All three ligands caused a negative change in molar ellipticity above 210 nm, with oCRF having the least and hCRF the greatest effect. Below 210 nm there was a marked divergence of difference spectra, with the reaction with the natural peptides, hCRF and oCRF, resulting in a positive change in ellipticity, whilst that with the antagonist produced a negative change. In view of the BP spectrum indicating predominantly beta-sheet and the peptides showing mainly alpha-helix these results were interpreted as the changes above 210 nm being due to dimerization and below 210 nm to a change in the conformation of ligand on binding. The opposite change in alpha-helicity of the antagonist observed on binding compared with the two natural CRF peptides could have fundamental pharmacological implications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":31309901,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2118207636","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1677\/JME.0.0160039","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The present study deals with the amelioration by Delonix regia aerial parts extract against hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), which was evaluated in terms of serum marker enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, albumine, total protein, direct bilirubine and total bilirubine. These biochemical parameters were alter by the single dose of CCl4 (2 ml\/kg, p.o.). Pretreatment with D. regia extracts prior to administration of CCl4, at the dose of 400 mg\/kg p.o. per day for 7 days, significantly restored all the serum and liver tissue parameters near to the normal levels. Silymarine was used as reference standard. Amongst all the fractions, ethyl acetate fraction showed best protective potential of D. regia aerial parts against hepatotoxicity. Jameel AHMED 1, Sunil A. NIRMAL 1*, Vipul V. DHASADE 1 & Subhash C. MANDAL 2","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":94618905,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1569439212","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An attack on a moral right must attain a certain level of seriousness to attract the application of a sanction. When the exercise of a moral right, freedom of expression especially, interference with the exercise of some other moral rights, in order to determine if the right was exercised with intention to harm or excessive and unreasonable, a fair balance exercise between two values wich may come into conflict must be carried out under the proportionality test: if there is an public or private interest to justify the attain to the moral right of another person. \nIt is also possible to use the proportionality test to determine the proportionality of the sanction. If so, priority could be given to the non-material remedies and even to the amount of non-pecuniary damages awarded to the victim.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":212880048,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3001723762","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.24193\/SUBBIUR.64(2019).4.1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this study, we investigated the roles of transformational leaders and project champions in the context of stakeholder involvement in an IT project supporting K-12 public education in the southern United States. We observed that leadership characteristics and champion behavior played a crucial role in the successful implementation of a self-service library system. The impact of leaders and project champions became evident through the growth in the number of volunteers supporting the implemented system. This growth ultimately led to the creation of a stakeholder reference group and an increase in volunteer participation. Based on the case study reviewed, we found sufficient support to justify future research in a larger sample population.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":55515897,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"190891449","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This research examines the interplay of factors that affect health care and health behaviors pertaining to sight in the African nation of Ghana. A series of direct interviews and observations of patients of Unite For Sight's partner eye clinics were conducted. These were used to create medical narratives, in order to elucidate how social, cultural, economic, and political elements contribute to illness incidence, course, and outcome. The efficacy of the medical narrative in this context was evaluated. Additionally, the study explored how determination of the forces that shape the situations these patients find themselves in can bring insight into the efficacy of various methods of providing care, and could greatly impact how the clinics, Unite for Sight, and other NGO's operate.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":2,"2014-10":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":47005094,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"193814028","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"for the 'communicative value' of genre (p. 39, p. 168; and Fowler, 1982). The three essays on The Visual Dimension' and the nine pieces on the prose and poetry provide particularly helpful information and argument for the student of drama, not only by filling out blanks, but also by providing, cumulatively, a sense of the imaginative cohesion of Strindberg's corpus. His deliberate fusion of sight and vision emerges from an analysis of painting, as does his sense of the contingency of truth ('who saw what the forest really was? The botanist . . . the artist . . . the poet?', p. 257), while analyses of his autobiographical work also show him capitulating to the conventions of his day: the Inferno begins in French as an occult novel and ends as Swedish autobiography. The categorically impure forms of his drama (history play, 'naturalist' drama, early and late comedies, chamber play), presented in the eight centrally-placed essays, emerge as expressions of the ironical alchemist's imagination, ambitious for purity and redemption.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":193243698,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2116409015","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0266464X00006734","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"David Lodge is a much-loved novelist and influential literary critic. Examining his career from his earliest publications in the late 1950s to his more recent works, David Lodge and the Tradition of the Modern Novel identifies Lodge's central place within the canon of twentieth-century British literature. J. Russell Perkin argues that liberalism is the defining feature of Lodge's identity as a novelist, critic, and Roman Catholic intellectual, and demonstrates that Graham Greene, James Joyce, Kingsley Amis, Henry James, and H.G. Wells are the key influences on Lodge's fiction. Perkin also considers Lodge's relationship to contemporary British novelists, including Hilary Mantel, Julian Barnes, and Monica Ali. In a study that is both theoretically informed and accessible to the general reader, Perkin shows that Lodge's work is shaped by the dialectic of modernism and the realist tradition. Through an approach that draws on diverse theories of literary influence and history, David Lodge and the Tradition of the Modern Novel provides the most thorough treatment of the novelist's career to date.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":160444136,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"625121660","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Antimicrobial peptide is an effector molecule from the natural immune system which plays a central role in defense as an antimicrobial. Cathelicidin is one of the antimicrobial peptides. Human only has one cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide called LL-37 or hCAP18. The detailed mechanism on CAMP (Cathelicidin Antimicrobial Peptide) gene regulation is still unknown, however, cathelicidin is found to have upregulation when there is bacterial infection. The most effective expression inducer of CAMP gene is 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3(1,25(OH)2D3), which is the active form of vitamin D. Vitamin D mediates cathelicidin synthesis through the expression of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR), then the interaction activates CAMP gene to express cathelicidin. The work mechanisms of cathelicidin against bacterial infection include damaging the bacterial cell membrane, inducing autophagy process of macrophage cell, neutralizing LPS produced by bacteria, and chemotactic activities of PMNs, monocytes and lymphocytes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":196657430,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2949486423","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2174\/1874091X01913010045","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this study is to solve translation problems between French and Italian as they appear on the tables of the Lexique-Grammaire. These difficulties are originated by differences in speech level\u2009; others stem from the specific usages of the Italian language (caused by regional variation, or due to specific cultural references). After reexamining the criteria traditionally used by the community of the Lexique-Grammaire, the author proposes returning to the criterium of frequency which enables one to draw a distinction between panregionalims and less extensive diatopic data and to identify specific dialectal variations. This encoding is complementary to the three usual layers of electronic dictionaries.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":121827499,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2016854472","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1075\/LI.28.2.02CAM","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"to topical steroids and antimalarial drugs. Thalidomide has been reported to be of benefit in subacute cutaneous and chronic discoid lupus erythematosus as well as lupus erythematosus profundus.2A The mode of action of thalidomide is unclear, although its teratogenicity is well recognised. Care must be taken to monitor for the development of possible peripheral neuropathy. Despite these side effects thalidomide is useful in combating the often disfiguring cutaneous manifestations of lupus erythematosus.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":71753457,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2029459452","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/BMJ.307.6909.940-B","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nTo determine toxic effects of streptozocin given in combination with a diuresis protocol in dogs and establish whether streptozocin is efficacious in treatment of pancreatic islet cell tumors in dogs.\n\n\nDESIGN\nRetrospective study.\n\n\nANIMALS\n17 dogs.\n\n\nPROCEDURE\nMedical records were reviewed to obtain information regarding signalment, tumor stage and staging tests performed, number of streptozocin treatments, adverse effects, results of biochemical and hematologic monitoring during streptozocin treatment, tumor dimensions, duration of normoglycemia, and date of death, when applicable. Dogs were compared with a historical control group of 15 dogs treated surgically and medically.\n\n\nRESULTS\n58 treatments were administered to the 17 dogs. Only 1 dog developed azotemia. Serum alanine aminotransferase activity increased in some dogs but decreased when treatment was discontinued. Hematologic toxicoses were rare. Vomiting during administration was uncommon but occasionally severe. Two dogs developed diabetes mellitus after receiving 5 doses. Median duration of normoglycemia for 14 dogs with stage-II or -III insulinoma treated with streptozocin was 163 days (95% confidence interval, 16 to 309 days), which was not significantly different from that for the control dogs (90 days; 95% confidence interval, 0 to 426 days). Two dogs had rapid resolution of paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathy, and 2 others had measurable reductions in tumor size.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE\nResults suggest that streptozocin can be administered safely to dogs at a dosage of 500 mg\/m2, IV, every 3 weeks when combined with a protocol for induction of diuresis and may be efficacious in the treatment of dogs with metastatic pancreatic islet cell tumors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":9952521,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2106453040","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2460\/JAVMA.2002.221.811","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Mobile Mapping Systems (MMSs) for infrastructural monitoring and mapping are becoming more prevalent as the availability and affordability of solutions that generate high accuracy geospatial data has matured. However, no existent methodology or system exists where all the LiDAR, video, navigation, infrared and multispectral data sources, collected from this mobile platform, are integrated into a single, comprehensive data management solution. Based on empirical experience there is a need for an MMS-data management framework where these types of data can be dynamically accessed and integrated to enable different projects with varying objectives to dynamically access different MMS-data for, in one example, use in feature extraction algorithms. In this paper we introduce the LiDAR aspect of this work towards a MMS-data framework. With large volumes of LiDAR to be stored we have opted for a spatially enabled database (SDB) management solution, specifically PostgreSQL with PostGIS extensions. We detail our approach to storing and querying the LiDAR data in the SDB and provide preliminary results on query times and data returns.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":10182552,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1690847751","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21427\/D78D16","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective Advance care planning (ACP) aims to enhance end-of-life care yet often fails to live up to that potential. This interpretive study was designed to explore the process and outcomes of ACP using the Patient-centered ACP interview (PC-ACP) developed by Respecting Choices. Method Patients diagnosed with advanced lung cancer and family members were recruited. Nine family dyads participated in the PC-ACP interview. Follow-up interviews took place 3 and 6 months after the PC-ACP interview. Thematic analysis was conducted on transcribed interviews using constant comparison. Results Hope was a significant theme in the ACP process and this paper reports on that theme. Hope for a cure was one of many hopes that supported quality of life. Three themes were identified: hope is multi-faceted, hope for a cure is well considered and hope is resilient and persistent. The seeming paradox of hoping for a cure of an incurable cancer did not interfere with the process of ACP. The dyads engaged in explicit discussions of end-of-life scenarios and preferences for care. ACP did not interfere with hope and hope for a cure did not interfere with ACP. Significance Concerns about false hope are called into question. The principle of honouring hope is not necessarily in conflict with the principle of truthful communication. This is clinically significant as the findings suggest we need not disrupt hope we think of as 'unrealistic' as long as it supports living well. Further, ACP can be successful even in the context of hoping for a cure.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":73174261,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2100875059","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bmjspcare-2011-000053.11","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/spcare.bmj.com\/content\/bmjspcare\/1\/1\/68.4.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The position paper presents the interconnection between demographic and gender \ngap dimension in university admission, and the suspected limitations to the success of \nSTEM curricula in Nigeria. The thoughts presented were supported by archival-review \nof existing literature and empirical descriptive analysis of university enrolment with \nrespect to STEM subjects (science, technology, engineering and mathematics). The \npaper was a post-departmental seminar adjusted paper following audience comments. \nThe presentation emphasised the systematic biases in support for higher institution with \npotential to constrain and weaken the humanities, social sciences and consequently \ndiscourage universities (especially the private) from advertising for humanities and \nsocial sciences courses. The result of analysis shows that the 4-year cumulative \nadmission (2005-2008) for courses like agriculture, medical science, sciences and \nengineering was higher than the preceding 4-year (2001-2004) cumulative admission. \nThe opposite was recorded in administration, arts, education and law, that range from \n14.7% in 2006 to 18.5% in 2008. The social sciences witnessed 20% and 8.0% \nadmission cut down in 2005 and 2008 respectively. Male\/female enrolment gap range \nfrom 13.6% to 21.1%. The position is that STEM could be a dependable programme \nfor technological advancement but the persistence gender gap in university enrolment \ncould sustain the existing low economic status of women with possible potential for \nmore socio-economic vices such as high fertility rate, infant and maternal morbidity \nand mortality, unemployment and poor family wellbeing. The authors recommend \nintervention programme that could boost women university enrolment in STEM \nsubjects in Nigeria without relegating the humanities and social sciences.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":150805912,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2940357301","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents new contributions to the modeling and design of reflecting cells embedding discrete control elements such as microelectromechanical system (MEMS) or diodes. First, a rigorous assessment of the different possibilities to simulate and measure the reconfigurable cell in a periodic environment is proposed. Strategies to efficiently model a cell comprising discrete control elements are then presented and discussed in terms of versatility, required assumptions, and computational effort. The most efficient method allows computing all reconfigurable states cell parameters, including information such as the total and dissipated power in each MEMS or diode, in a few minutes using a commercial full-wave solver and adequate post-processing. Finally, the benefit of such an efficient modeling is illustrated by the optimization of an element phase states distribution using a particle swarm optimizer. The concepts presented are also directly applicable to reconfigurable transmitting cells.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":17070838,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2145189981","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2010.2048249","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract The current COVID-19 crisis teaches organizations and households harsh lessons about the necessity of having buffers, to deal with the consequences of the COVID-19 virus. The financial fragility of households and the rising proportion of people becoming obese calls for intensified efforts, both by individuals and employers to create financial buffers and keep on investing in health. The financial fragility of organizations is a wake-up call that a short-term focus on efficiency can be counterproductive and may overturn the efforts to start working longer.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":221378595,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3082384572","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/workar\/waaa011","PubMedCentral":"7454871","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/workar\/article-pdf\/6\/4\/229\/33883192\/waaa011.pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To the complex action of human embryonal neocortex transplanted into the eye anterior chamber and cyclosporin A injected daily to prevent graft rejection rat thymus reacts by accidental involution, layer inversion and vascular disturbances (without hematoma formation). After 3 wks reparative period sets in and by the end of 5th wk thymus approximates to the control in all parameters.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":20508774,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Legal Education in the United States is undergoing a renaissance. In many ways, that renaissance has been building and growing for the last two decades, but in the last several years it has truly begun to flourish. Much of the focus of the renaissance has been in practical (sometimes called \"practice-based\") legal education. Of course practical training was the only kind available until about 1870, so practical legal education is not new; indeed it has been around for over 100 years. But what is new is the extraordinary growth and hybridization of experiential learning in law schools across the country in the last few years. As with many such periods of significant growth and change, however, some classification and a deeper understanding of the types and methods of experiential learning in law schools would be helpful. Definitions and methods for classification are important because they provide a foundation for understanding and clear communication. This article seeks to provide that definitional understanding, with the goal of speeding up this good work, not putting it in a box. It provides a definition of experiential learning for legal education, as well as a method for application of the definition to courses currently in the law school curriculum as well as those that might be considered for inclusion in the curriculum of the future. Part I of the article provides a brief history of experiential learning in law, explores the major sources for a possible new definition of experiential learning, and describes the limitations of the definitional elements that we currently have. Part II argues that the definitions we currently have are not only limited, but their limitations are being exposed by the growth and variety in experiential learning opportunities currently being offered in many law schools. Part III offers a new definition for experiential learning in law, together with a series of questions that can be used in applying the definition. Finally, Part IV offers application of the new definition to examples of course work that are currently being offered in law schools around the country, so that the reader can see the definition at work.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":70924907,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1597729717","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/SSRN.2497505","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article provides an ultra-realist analysis of AMC's The Walking Dead as a form of 'popular criminology'. It is argued here that dystopian fiction such as The Walking Dead offers an opportunity for a popular criminology to address what criminologists have described as our discipline's aetiological crisis in theorizing harmful and violent subjectivities. The social relations, conditions and subjectivities displayed in dystopian fiction are in fact an exacerbation or extrapolation of our present norms, values and subjectivities, rather than a departure from them, and there are numerous real-world criminological parallels depicted within The Walking Dead's postapocalyptic world. As such, the show possesses a hard kernel of Truth that is of significant utility in progressing criminological theories of violence and harmful subjectivity. The article therefore explores the ideological function of dystopian fiction as the fetishistic disavowal of the dark underbelly of liberal capitalism; and views the show as an example of the ultra-realist concepts of special liberty, the criminal undertaker and the pseudopacification process in action. In drawing on these cutting-edge criminological theories, it is argued that we can use criminological analyses of popular culture to provide incisive insights into the real-world relationship between violence and capitalism, and its proliferation of harmful subjectivities.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":53367246,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2738699243","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/1741659017721277","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/pearl.plymouth.ac.uk\/bitstream\/10026.1\/9640\/4\/CMC%20Living%20in%20the%20End%20Times.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This report presents one further detail in the investigation of factors which are responsible for the resistance to outflow of aqueous humor from the eye. One portion of this study which has already been reported was concerned with tonographic determination of facility and rate of outflow of aqueous humor in patients *; another portion has been experimental, concerned with measurement of facility of outflow from enucleated eyes, both normal and glaucomatous.\u2020 It has been shown that the facility of outflow from enucleated eyes differs by only about 10% from that found in vivo by tonography. 4 Furthermore, the external two-thirds of the perilimbal sclera, with its included portions of the outflow channels, can be removed from enucleated normal human eyes without appreciably increasing the facility of outflow. 5 It has appeared from these findings that the principal anatomic resistance to flow is to be found in the immediate neighborhood of Schlemm's","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":19821937,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1955.00930020251012","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract The development of the field of historical archaeology in Mexico has made many advances since the inception, in effect, of its practice there in the 1960s. The roots of historical archaeology in the Central Mexican Symbiotic Region (CMSR) in general and in the Basin of Mexico in particular are discussed. Specific case studies illustrating some of the Historical Archaeology that has been done in the CMSR are referenced with particular note of some of the diagnostic materials that have been valuable to the studies. The value of these studies to the record of post-Conquest Mexico is noted as are the prospects for continued research in the area.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":163099789,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2276208558","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0956536115000231","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background\/Aims The International Serious Adverse Events Consortium (iSAEC) is a pharmaceutical industry and FDA-led consortium focused on identifying DNA variants useful for predicting risk of drug-induced rare serious adverse events (SAEs). We assessed the feasibility of using electronic medical databases at six HMORN sites to identify provisional cases of three SAEs: drug-induced liver injury (DILI), serious skin rashes (SSR), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and angioedema, and extreme weight gain (EWG) among adults on atypical antipsychotics. Methods Project work was divided among three teams. HealthPartners and Marshfield Clinic led the DILI team, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii and Kaiser Permanente Georgia led the SSR team and Group Health and Geisinger guided the EWG study. Teams met routinely via biweekly conference calls to coordinate their study efforts; monthly conference calls were conducted to coordinate the overall project, mark progress and discuss challenges and solutions. For each study, standardized case identification criteria were developed with input from iSAEC, expert panels, and medical literature. Potential cases were identified through electronic data searches using diagnoses, medication histories, laboratory test results, and other clinical data elements indicative of DILI and SSR during 2000\u20132009, or EWG from 2004\u20132009. Potential cases of DILI and SSR were abstracted to assess provisional case status and determine implicated drugs. Weight trajectories of suspected EWG cases were visually inspected to confirm EWG during atypical antipsychotic treatment period. Results A total of 99 provisional cases of DILI, 41 cases of SJS\/TEN and 56 provisional cases of angioedema were identified from the electronic records of the participating HMOs. For EWG, 249 cases were confirmed and an additional 341 were categorized as \"possible\" cases, with additional chart review and patient interview required for confirmation. Confirmation rates varied from 17% for DILI to 2\u201379% for SSR and 23\u201330% for EWG. Conclusions The SAEC and HMORN study sites identified well-phenotyped cases with the targeted drug-induced SAEs of interest. The relative success of these efforts has been critical in the planning of a larger second study that will include analyses of genetic factors associated with provisional case SAEs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":58036835,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1985675822","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2011.1020.ps1-18","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/www.clinmedres.org\/content\/9\/3-4\/180.3.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Multiculturalism as the dominant approach to managing diversity in the UK has been called into question by politicians, community leaders and academics in recent years. This paper reports interviews about multiculturalism, social cohesion and future policy directions with leading figures in the debate, including Home Affairs Select Committee members, authors of major reports, experts, researchers and academics. The attitudes expressed when discussing overall policy directions do not fit the traditional left-centre-right dimension of British politics but, in most cases, indicate unease at assumed segregate effects of current policy. However, when specific issues (sharia law, faith schooling, dress\/ diet codes, political representation) are considered the viewpoints of most interviewees are more pragmatic. Relatively few advocate strong policies to impose British values or move decisively away from a general multiculturalism stance. The transition most widely supported would be from stronger to weaker multiculturalism rather than from multiculturalism to a different approach to diversity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":261752004,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2970385761","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Lecture notes provide a gauge for what is important in the textbook. However, taking notes for ELEL (English Language E-Learners) students is not an easy task as ELEL students are unable to communicate fluently or learn effectively in English. In this research, we endeavor to break down the impacts of enlarging Arithmetic Addresses with pre-composed presents on the note taking of ELEL understudies and therefore on the scholarly execution of ELEL understudies. The exploration was directed over a time of four sequential semesters on a Rookie Science subject at the KAU and a blended subjective and quantitative methodology was utilized. The presentation of the new training strategies pondered decidedly the understudies' execution in resulting tests and dependent on the directed overview, most of the understudies demonstrated the positive effect of being uncovered from the get-go in the address to composed notes without anyone else note taking.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":149476628,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2940932705","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.20368\/1971-8829\/1564","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Elevated but nondiabetic glucose levels, including impaired fasting glucose (IFG), 2-hour impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), are associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality. However, the glucose measures may differ in their abilities to predict adverse outcomes. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Diabetes Association (ADA) also differ in their definitions of IFG, and it remains unclear which definition best predicts future adverse outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of different cut-points of prediabetic glucose measures for predicting all-cause mortality in individuals without diabetes. In databases including MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Clinicaltrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Cochrane, we searched prospective cohort studies with minimum 3 years of follow-up, in adults without diabetes at enrollment. Data from eligible studies were pooled to synthesize results for each glucose measure. Random effect regression model was used to calculate pooled hazard ratio or relative risk for all-cause mortality. We screened over 4,000 abstracts and identified 170 eligible studies with mean follow-up of 10.2 years. Compared with individuals with normal glycemia, those with IFG defined by the WHO criteria had 1.14 times increased risk for all-cause mortality. There was no significant increase in mortality risk among those with IFG diagnosed by the ADA criteria. Individuals with IGT had 1.17 times higher risk for all-cause mortality compared with individuals with normal glycemia. HbA1c as low as 5.5% was associated with an increased risk for mortality. The WHO criteria for IFG seems to have better predictive value for all-cause mortality than the ADA criteria. Furthermore, individuals with HbA1c levels at 5.5% may have higher risk for mortality. Disclosure M. Huang: None. U. Gujral: None. S. He: None. R. Jagannathan: None. J. Wei: None. L.R. Staimez: None. K. Narayan: None.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":89799823,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2809454787","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2337\/db18-1682-P","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Material mediation and medium specificity are constitutive dimensions of a practice, having critical implications for the constitution of practical knowledge and the forms of institutionalization. This article explores their critical importance in a bureaucratized professional setting. Based on research findings from an in-depth study of the introduction of video-recording technology in criminal courts, the article investigates what happens in a practice when practitioners migrate to a different medium to perform their work. The findings indicate that when the practice is characterized by high medium specificity, the new medium may cause disruption in the domain of expertise, affecting the familiar objects, tools, routines and representations of the practice. In their efforts to make sense of the new medium and integrate the new work tool, practitioners reshape their practice by directly engaging with the medium and questioning the grounds of their domain of expertise. The article discusses the phenomenology of disruption and redesign, draws implications for judicial work and, more broadly, contributes to an understanding of how practices and practical knowledge are entangled with material mediation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":145153367,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2135742316","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0170840609349873","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The tunnel excavation is often existed in civil engineering, in which the minimum roof thickness of tunnel is an important index in tunnel construction and design. Some work have been done on this field, by analytical analysis method and numerical simulation method based on linear criterion. In order to add some conclusions to the roof thickness prediction by nonlinear criterions, in the present paper, the calculation model for excavation of tunnel is built by numerical method, the nonlinear criterion is applied to describe the failure situation of the surrounding rock mass; then, according to the reduction method for thickness of roof, the thickness of the roof after excavation in tunnel is analyzed with the nonlinear criterion, to give some guidance for the real practice.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":109068276,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2028946463","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.71-78.4827","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein inhibits 3T3-L1 adipogenesis when present during the first 72 h of differentiation. In this report, we investigated the underlying mechanisms involved in the anti-adipogenic effects of genistein. We found that genistein blocked the DNA binding and transcriptional activity of CCAAT\/enhancer-binding protein beta (C\/EBPbeta) during differentiation by promoting the expression of C\/EBP homologous protein, a dominant-negative member of the C\/EBP family. Loss of C\/EBPbeta activity was manifested as a loss of differentiation-induced C\/EBPalpha and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor gamma protein expression and a dramatic reduction in lipid accumulation. Further, we documented for the first time that C\/EBPbeta was tyrosine-phosphorylated in vivo during differentiation and in vitro by activated epidermal growth factor receptor. Genistein inhibited both of these events. Collectively, these results indicate that genistein blocks adipogenesis and C\/EBPbeta activity by increasing the level of C\/EBP homologous protein and possibly by inhibiting the tyrosine phosphorylation of C\/EBPbeta.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":16402579,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2026572571","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20020300","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This review describes the aetiology and pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and evaluates the use of acupuncture to prevent and reduce symptoms related with PCOS. PCOS is the most common female endocrine disorder and it is strongly associated with hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and obesity. PCOS increases the risk for metabolic disturbances such as hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance, which can lead to type 2 diabetes, hypertension and an increased likelihood of developing cardiovascular risk factors and impaired mental health later in life. Despite extensive research, little is known about the aetiology of PCOS. The syndrome is associated with peripheral and central factors that influence sympathetic nerve activity. Thus, the sympathetic nervous system may be an important factor in the development and maintenance of PCOS. Many women with PCOS require prolonged treatment. Current pharmacological approaches are effective but have adverse effects. Therefore, nonpharmacological treatment strategies need to be evaluated. Clearly, acupuncture can affect PCOS via modulation of endogenous regulatory systems, including the sympathetic nervous system, the endocrine and the neuroendocrine system. Experimental observations in rat models of steroid\u2010induced polycystic ovaries and clinical data from studies in women with PCOS suggest that acupuncture exert long\u2010lasting beneficial effects on metabolic and endocrine systems and ovulation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":12661703,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2078018462","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2826.2007.01634.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Compressive imaging (CI) is a natural branch of compressed sensing (CS). Although a number of CI implementations have started to appear, the design of efficient CI system still remains a challenging problem. One of the main difficulties in implementing CI is that it involves huge amounts of data, which has far-reaching implications for the complexity of the optical design, calibration, data storage and computational burden. In this paper, we solve these problems by using a two-dimensional separable sensing operator. By so doing, we reduce the complexity by factor of 106 for megapixel images. We show that applying this method requires only a reasonable amount of additional samples.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":18696623,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2046904217","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2009.2017817","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract The potential clinical utility of umbilical cord blood (UCB) as a source of stem cells has led to the emergence of several public and private cord blood banks across Canada (see Table 1). Although UCB banking in Canada remains in its early stages there are many regulatory and policy issues that need to be addressed. The purpose of the Stem Cell Network Catalyst project entitled \"The Future of Cord Blood Banking in Canada\" is to examine the socio-ethical and legal issues surrounding UCB banking and to develop an ethical framework to guide policy makers in mapping out the future of cord blood banking in Canada. As a first step in this process, a discussion paper was drafted in preparation for a workshop on point. The discussion paper provides a selective overview of key socio-ethical and legal issues implicated in UCB banking. The issues addressed include: 1) public awareness and perceptions relating to UCB banking; 2) the process of informed consent for the collection, donation, processing, storage and future use of UCB; 3) issues related to ethnic diversity; and 4) the potential of developing a national UCB banking and transplant program. Relevant literature is synthesized and points for discussion are raised. This poster presentation provides a concise summary of the main issues identified in the discussion paper and will serve to raise awareness and provoke reflection on these important socio-ethical and legal issues amongst Stem Cell Network researchers and participants at the Annual General Meeting. The Current State of Cord Blood Banking in Canada: Public v. Private At present Canadians can potentially access both public and private cord blood banks. Public UCB banks in Alberta, Quebec and Ontario accept donations of UCB samples that are processed and stored for future use--either autologous, related or unrelated. No fee is associated with UCB donation to a public bank. The samples are processed, stored and are accessible through an international registry to any appropriately matched individual who might need them. Alternatively, for a fee, private UCB banks process and store UCB samples for autologous or related transplantations. Public Awareness and Perceptions of UCB Banking There are few published reports of public opinion on the topic of UCB banking and transplantation. The following table provides a summary of the main findings from identified published works. Informed Consent To date, the discussion about informed consent for UCB donation has closely paralleled the discussion about informed consent in the context of gene banks. UCB samples, like DNA samples, are collected and stored for future use. Unlike gene banking, the collection of UCB samples has a predominantly clinical purpose though samples not suitable for transplantation may have research value. The timing of eliciting informed consent is complicated by labour and delivery and by the fact that the biologic sample is directly referable to two individuals--the mother and the child--and potentially to other genetically related individuals. Ethnic Diversity An important goal of UCB banking is to increase ethnic and racial diversity of banked cord blood to ensure equitable access to transplantation. It is expected that UCB banking programs have the potential to be more successful than marrow donor programs at recruiting donations from ethnic minorities though in practice this potential has not materialized. In order to attain this goal, the potential barriers to donation must be explored and strategies to increase minority recruitment must be considered. Should Canada Invest in a National UCB Banking and Transplant Program? Arguments in Favour of Developing a National UCB Banking Program in Canada ** Canada has a large minority population that is not adequately served by existing Canadian or internationally accessible bone marrow or UCB banks. \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":2,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":57110730,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"304934036","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Our paper describes the groundwork results of a study relating to the improvement of a high pressure centrifugal fan performance with the use of steady air injection at the inlet of two types impeller, namely with the forward and backward curved blades. Tests were carried out on a test rig with an external diameter of 400 mm. The maximum efficiency increase of 1.9% to 2.1% was observed in the fan with forward curved blades, if the air jet output was taken into account when carrying out the data analysis. Negative efficiency increment was observed within the Fan B working range.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":134880895,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2783867864","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.29008\/ETC2017-107","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract: Slope is often non-uniform along the hillslope, with variations describing concave and convex shapes associated with natural hillslopes. This is because runoff generations vary significantly over short distances, with changes in surface alteration during or between flow events on different slope shapes. The aim of this research is to determine the effects of slope shapes on runoff and soil erosion. A field experiment was conducted from September 2007 to September 2009 on hillside field plots located in the northern part of the city of Bartin in northwestern Turkey. The experiment focused on complex topography including uniform, concave, and convex slopes. Nine experimental field plots were established on a 30 per cent slope, including three replications of field plots per different shape treatment. Runoff and soil loss by water erosion were measured in these plots under natural rainfall conditions. A total of 158 rainy days and 69 runoff events were registered over the period of investigation. Runoff and soil loss were greater in uniform plots than in concave and convex plots. The greatest amount of runoff was measured between September 2007 and August 2008 (Period1: P1), with 211.53 mm from uniform plot1 and during September 2008 and August 2009 (Period2: P2) with 430.06 mm from uniform plot3. The lowest runoff quantities with 157.44 and 371.63 mm from concave plot3 and concave plot1, respectively, were measured at P1 and P2. The highest soil loss was recorded at 2.97 kg m-2 and 6.16 kg m-2 during P1 and P2 from uniform plot2 and uniform plot3, respectively, and soil loss was lowest from concave plot3 and concave plot1, with a total of 0.23 kg m-2 and 0.67 kg m-2, respectively. The distribution of eroded soil was separated into >2 mm (coarse) and \u22642 mm (fine) size classes, and suspended quantity in runoff was also determined. Results indicated that the majority of soil lost from the uniform plots is composed of fine particles rather than coarse and suspended material. On the other hand, both concave and convex slopes demonstrated larger variability in the size distribution of eroded particles from individual plots.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":53552242,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1993778056","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3832\/IFOR0845-007","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cybercrime and its potential ramifications exemplify 'one of those things that nobody wants' (Popper 1963). From today's perspective it would have been easy to foresee and at least partly prevent the mischief of cybercrime. One therefore wonders what early developers and users of the Internet actually envisioned, and how malpractices such as spreading damaging viruses relate to these visions. This essay approaches this question by interpreting cybercrime as an unintended consequence of the utopian dreams that flourished during the early days of the Internet. In itself a highly innovative activity, cybercrime can be seen as an ironic counterpart to the expectations of an egalitarian cyberspace whose technical and social norms condemned discrimination against any type of applications and uses.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":142599827,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1587099727","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The aim of this study is a comparative analysis of the role of semantics in the linguistic theory of four grammatical traditions, Sanskrit, Hebrew, Greek, Arabic. If one compares the organization of linguistic theory in various grammatical traditions, it soon turns out that there are marked differences in the way they define the place of 'semantics' within the theory. In some traditions, semantics is formally excluded from linguistic theory, and linguists do not express any opinion as to the relationship between syntactic and semantic analysis. In other traditions, the whole basis of linguistic theory is semantically orientated, and syntactic features are always analysed as correlates of a semantic structure. However, even in those traditions, in which semantics falls explicitly or implicitly outside the scope of linguistics, there may be factors forcing linguists to occupy themselves with the semantic dimension of language. One important factor seems to be the presence of a corpus of revealed\/sacred texts: the necessity to formulate hermeneutic rules for the interpretation of this corpus brings semantics in through the back door.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2013-48":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":62204630,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2523889174","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/417494","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper we review the present status of electron spectroscopy of Ce and Yb Kondo systems, with particular emphasis on photocmission and inverse photoemission. Our starting point is the situation in the mid-1980s, characterized by the development of a 'Kondo scenario' for the thermodynamic and spectral properties, as described in the review by Allen et aL (1986, Adv. Phys., 35, 275). That picture, based on room-temperature results and on a T = 0 approach to the impurity Anderson Hamiltonian, has been generally confirmed and better defined over the past decade by a number of more elaborate experiments, and by new calculational schemes. The use of high-energy resolution and cryogenic temperatures has led to the direct observation of the characteristic low-energy excitations and has opened the way to stringent tests of the most fundamental aspect of model, namely its scaling properties. Despite the success of the Kondo approach, more work remains to be done. The improved quality of the data has revealed some quantitative discrepancies with the predictions of the model, stressing the need for more realistic theoretical schemes. Moreover, some recent experiments questioning the validity of the model have stirred a fierce controversy within the spectroscopic community. We review those conflicting results and discuss the possible reasons for the discrepancies, and how new experiments could solve the present difficulties.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":202631390,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"With evidence comprising three years of ethnographic research in child support courts and 125 in-depth interviews with formerly incarcerated fathers, the author shows how criminal justice and child support provisions work in tandem to create complicated entanglements for fathers. She develops the concept of incarcerated fatherhood\u2014a matrix of laws, policies, and institutional practices that shape formerly incarcerated men's relationship to parenting. On the one hand, she analyzes the debt of imprisonment, or the material costs of paternal incarceration; on the other, she examines the imprisonment of debt, or the punitive costs of child support debt. She then brings these two entanglements together to analyze their effects on men's lives as fathers. Instead of \"piling up\" in men's lives, these entanglements work in circular ways to form feedback loops of disadvantage that create serious obstacles for men as parents and complicate precisely those relationships proven essential for reintegration after prison: familial relations of care, reciprocity, and interdependence.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":150242037,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2810600499","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1086\/697580","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The concept of aligning reinforcing fibers in arbitrary directions offers a new perception of exploiting the anisotropic characteristic of the carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. Complementary to the design concept of multiaxial composites, a laminate reinforced with curvilinear fibers is called variable-axial (also known as variable stiffness and variable angle tow). The Tailored Fiber Placement (TFP) technology is well capable of manufacturing textile preforming with a variable-axial fiber design by using adapted embroidery machines. This work introduces a novel concept for simulation and optimization of curvilinear fiber-reinforced composites, where the novelty relies on the local optimization of both fiber angle and intrinsic thickness build-up concomitantly. This framework is called Direct Fiber Path Optimization (DFPO). Besides the description of DFPO, its capabilities are exemplified by optimizing a CFRP open-hole tensile specimen. Key results show a clear improvement compared to the current often used approach of applying principal stress trajectories for a variable-axial reinforcement pattern.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":127365871,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2914818041","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8260563","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/8260563","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Beam-column joints were detected as the weakest link in existing RC momentresisting frames. The failure of beam-column joints, especially the exterior joint in a precast RC building commenced the collapse of the whole structure. Precast RC beam-column joints which were not designed in accordance with the seismic Code of Practice worsen the damage when subjected to seismic loading. This paper presents experimental work on a full-scale precast RC beam-column exterior joint with corbels when subjected to quasi-static lateral cyclic loading. The specimen was tested under reversible lateral cyclic loading up to a \u00b11.0% drift. Two numbers of cycles were applied for each drift level. Cracks, gap opening and closing, and spalling of concrete were monitored in successive twocycle intervals of drift. The experimental observation showed that the cracks start to occur at +0.3% drifts and no damage was observed at the corbels. At \u00b11.0% drift, the specimen experienced major damage at the column above the joint and also at the monolithic cast-in-place area. The specimen exhibits a captive column damaged because of the weak column-strong beam condition of the specimen. Poor detailing of reinforcement and link spacing led to unconfined concrete inside the column. The wide link spacing measured as 190 mm centre-to-centre was unable to cater for a larger load, especially lateral loading from an earthquake. In this study, it can be concluded that a precast beam-column exterior joint experienced severe damage if not designed in accordance with the seismic Code of Practice. The stiffness degradation, displacement ductility and equivalent viscous damping for the tested specimen are also discussed in this paper.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":109583645,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1974907919","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2495\/SAFE130731","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT:In 2009, for the first time, Puerto Rico's unconditional median earnings gender gap presented a statistically significant negative sign. We document the elements that lead to an overall improvement in women's economic position and find that the unconditional earnings gap turns positive once observable characteristics are considered. For instance, we find that the negative gender gap disappears when we adjust for educational attainments as a new indicator of gender gaps. In general, relative differences in returns on education and a glass ceiling effect moderated by dependent children are two of the explanatory factors allowing for the continuation of gender disparities within groups. There is also a direct association between women's representation in a given occupation\/education group and the gender earnings gap.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":164518529,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2943989269","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1353\/ECO.2019.0003","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The rise of intelligent conversation agents, or chatbots, are responsible for the dramatic decrease in remote customer service agent jobs. However, chatbots in their current form, are far from infallible. We theorize that there is an inherent trade-off between a chatbot's response relevance and conversational efficiency in the standard knowledge-bank architecture. Knowledge bank size increases the relevance of successfully queried results, but also increases the difficulty of disambiguating user intents. This inherent trade-off leads to the development of unintelligent fail-safe artifacts such as user confirmations. We argue that, in order to improve user experience and satisfaction, we must decouple knowledge bank size from conversational efficiency. To achieve this, we first design a new artifact that we dub the sequential FAQ (sFAQ) and then evaluate its causal impact on user satisfaction. An sFAQ uses machine learning techniques to first discover common user service journey patterns, then leverage these learned patterns to predict likely subsequent inputs given any focal sequence of inputs. We show that by proactively suggesting potential questions to the user, we can reduce the need for natural language input and thus reduce the need to disambiguate user intent. We then use a novel application of regression discontinuity design (RDD) to study the causal impact of the eliminated reconfirmation dialogues on user satisfaction. Combined, we are able to demonstrate that by eliminating the unintelligent fail-safe artifacts such as user confirmations, the sFAQ will increase satisfaction. Our approach of combining predictive machine learning and causal econometric analysis enables us to open the black box for the underlying causal mechanism linking sFAQ and user satisfaction. This kind of mechanism identification would not be possible even with experimental testing in the field. Our methods and results have useful implications for chatbot applications and user interface design science.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":226078280,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3041684771","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3576988","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Measurements of the average growth rates of soil bacteria from a soil under three treatments; a conventional high input corn soybean rotation, a reversion to a native successional community (4 years) and a never ploughed grassland, were made by two methods. The specific rates of synthesis of bacterial DNA were determined from the specific activities of the DNA precursor, deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP), and purified bacterial community DNA after 3H thymidine incorporation. These rates were compared with the specific respiration rates of the soil microbiota determined from the initial rate of C mineralization and the microbial biomass C. We show how these two measurements can be used to estimate values for microbial growth yield and maintenance coefficients in soil. Both methods ranked the soil treatments in the same order. The reversion treatment had the highest thymidine incorporation and specific respiration rates and the corn soybean rotation the lowest. The grassland soil had the highest microbial biomass but an intermediate growth rate. Based on thymidine incorporation the doubling time of the bacterial biomass at 25 \u00b0 C was 160 days in soil from the corn soybean rotation and 107 days in the reversion treatment. Fractionation of the 3H-labelled DNA according to its %guanine + cytosine content showed growth of soil bacteria to be widespread among bacterial genera and not confined to a few active species. The soil bacterial growth rates found here are much lower than those found in some other studies using thymidine incorporation but are in agreement with annual C budgets for the soils.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":27849743,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this study, the author offers a very general review of banking legislation in Russia. The author discusses the main statutory acts which regulate banking activity and the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (Bank of Russia). The author describes the Bank of Russia's functions. He concludes that, in modern market conditions, it is extremely important to develop civil regulation and reduce administrative regulation; however, he finds that, unfortunately, the Bank of Russia is still subject to administrative management. Considering the nature of the relationships between the Bank of Russia and private credit organizations, the author insists on the need for a partnership, forged on principles of dispositive regulation, between them. More generally, this work considers the problems of domestic financial regulation through the theoretical prism of free banking. Current Russian banking legislation only focuses on the creation of the best mechanism for the organization of credit and financial relationships. The author considers not only the requirements for state financial policy, but also the interests of private credit organizations, which serve as the engine of the financial market and strengthen the banking system as a whole. Until recently, many aspects of the Russian banking system have been a compromise between the old and new conceptions of the economy. For this reason, the upholding of free market ideas is essential in order to develop banking legal theory. The author criticizes the emerging tendency to reduce the role of liberal financial institutions, such as the increasing role of the Bank of Russia as a mega-regulator. Considering this, the author recommends the application of immediate counteractions against the above-described tendency and supports the strengthening of the independence of credit organizations. He emphasizes that this is the only approach to fully develop the existing banking system.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":166581740,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1537042584","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A new method for silver impregnation of endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal mucosa is described. It offers great reliability, eveness of impregnation, and, since it can be used on batches of slides, is also suitable for histology class and investigation material. The procedure for paraffin sections of formalin-fixed material is as follows: dewax and transfer to distilled water, leave in 0.5% silver nitrate solution for 2 hours at 60 C. Rinse in distilled water, then treat in Bodian developer (hydroquinone, 1 g; sodium sulphite, 5 g; distilled water, 100 ml) previously heated to 60 C. Rinse in running tap water, distilled water, and then re-impregnate for 10 minutes at 60 C in the same silver solution and reduce in Bodian's solution. Since the background is not impregnated by this method, sections may be counterstained by any basic anilin dye to bring out nuclei. A 0.1% kernechtrot solution was found very satisfactory in this respect. The granulations of argyrophil cells stand out sharply black against a red background.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":22057489,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ondel-ondel is a puppets become an icon pride city of Jakarta as a result of the community especially the Betawi culture as the original inhabitants of Jakarta. This paper attempts to reveal the icon Jakarta through the history, description, function and how to preserve the culture of local order not dragged down by the current modernization that progressively growing fast. This research uses qualitative methods and served proper techniques of descriptive obtained the Court\u00e2 s website through the study of literature. Stage arts preservation ondel-ondel namely through stage screening, storage and actualization. The efforts to maintain and preserve the ondel-ondel as one of khazanah Indonesian culture is with: enter the subjects of genuine arts Jakarta especially Ondel-ondel into the educational curriculum, using ondel-ondel in each event of provincialism, change the puppet ondelondel regularly in the building of government and the culture of DKI Jakarta in order to preserve the craftsmen ondel-ondel, create studios or betawi arts groups in each village, packs form of puppets ondel-ondel into the miniature or animation that preferred by the children as the successor of the cultural heritage.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":240378924,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7454\/jsgs.v1i2.1010","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7454\/jsgs.v1i2.1010","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As society increasingly relies on digital technologies in many different aspects, those who lack relevant access and skills are lagging increasingly behind. Among the underserved groups disproportionately affected by the digital divide are women who are transitioning from incarceration and seeking to reenter the workforce outside the carceral system (women-in-transition). Women-in-transition rarely have been exposed to sound technology education, as they have generally been isolated from the digital environment while in incarceration. Furthermore, while women have become the fastest-growing segment of the incarcerated population in the United States in recent decades, prison education and reentry programs are still not well adjusted for them. Most programs are mainly designed for the dominant male population. Consequently, women-in-transition face significant post-incarceration challenges in accessing and using relevant digital technologies and thus have added difficulties in entering or reentering the workforce. Against this backdrop, our multi-disciplinary research team has conducted empirical research as part of technology education offered to women-in-transition in the Midwest. In this article, we report results from our interviews with 75 women-in-transition in the Midwest that were conducted to develop a tailored technology education program for the women. More than half of the participants in our study are women of color and face precarious housing and financial situations. Then, we discuss principles that we adopted in developing our education program for the marginalized women and participants' feedback on the program. Our team launched in-person sessions with women-in-reentry at public libraries in February 2020 and had to move the sessions online in March due to COVID-19. Our research-informed educational program is designed primarily to support the women in enhancing their knowledge and comfort with technology and nurturing computational thinking. Our study shows that low self-efficacy and mental health challenges, as well as lack of resources for technology access and use, are some of the major issues that need to be addressed in supporting technology learning among women-in-transition. This research offers scholarly and practical implications for computing education for women-in-transition and other marginalized populations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":235337533,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/3425711","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/kuscholarworks.ku.edu\/bitstream\/1808\/32794\/1\/Seo_ACM_TOCE_AISL.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"to the editor: As reported by Stramer et al. (Aug. 19 issue), 1 testing for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) by nucleic acid amplification with the use of minipools has markedly reduced the transmission of HIV-1 and HCV through blood products. Testing of individual units is now being considered, but such a procedure would still not completely abolish transmission. 2","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":35464491,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2463301744","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200411183512117","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"High-strength poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers were obtained using low molecular weight (LMW) polymervia horizontal isothermal bath (hIB), followed by postdrawing process. We investigated the unique formations of different precursors, which differentiated in its molecular orientation and crystalline structures from traditional high-speed spinning PET fibers. Sharp increase in crystallinity was observed after drawing process even though the fibers showed almost no any crystallinity before the drawing. Properties of as-spun and drawn hIB and control filaments at different process conditions were compared. As would be expected, performances of resulted treated undrawn and drawn fibers have dramatically improved with developing unique morphologies. Tenacities more than 8 g\/d for as-spun and 10 g\/d for drawn treated fibers after just drawn at 1.279 draw ratio were observed. These performances are considerably higher than that of control fibers. An explanation of structural development of high-strength fibers using LMW polymer spun with hIB is proposed. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015, 132, 42747.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":136776320,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1764337161","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/APP.42747","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"&NA; Date Presented 3\/31\/2017 Service dog education is not included in national curriculum standards for allied health students. The paucity of education leads to gaps in services, training, and advocacy for persons with disabilities. This study explores the impact of service dog education on allied health students. Primary Author and Speaker: Mary Isaacson Additional Authors and Speakers: Meredith Wyatt Contributing Authors: Jody Worley","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":79593000,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2744994646","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5014\/AJOT.2017.71S1-PO4122","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Individuals respond differently to infectious diseases. Even among inbred mice that are presumed to be genetically identical, the response to a microbial pathogen is variable, which is generally thought to reflect experimental inconsistencies, technical errors, and stochastic processes. Here we describe the remarkable observation that the variability of Helicobacter pylori colonization density in the stomachs of experimentally infected C57BL\/6J mice is tightly correlated with weight loss and viral load after a challenge with influenza virus, though H. pylori infection per se does not affect influenza and vice versa. Since these two infectious agents are found in different tissue compartments and are detected using unrelated methods, the correlation in microbial burden must represent a biological measure of disease susceptibility among genetically nearly identical individuals and not technical or stochastic factors. We hypothesize that inbred mice represent a powerful new tool for the identification of biomarkers to predict the outcome of infectious diseases.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":17635783,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2147240250","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00199-12","PubMedCentral":"3470649","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We developed models of lymphatic nodes for six pediatric and two adult hybrid computational phantoms to calculate the lymphatic node dose estimates from external and internal radiation exposures. We derived the number of lymphatic nodes from the recommendations in International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publications 23 and 89 at 16 cluster locations for the lymphatic nodes: extrathoracic, cervical, thoracic (upper and lower), breast (left and right), mesentery (left and right), axillary (left and right), cubital (left and right), inguinal (left and right) and popliteal (left and right), for different ages (newborn, 1-, 5-, 10-, 15-year-old and adult). We modeled each lymphatic node within the voxel format of the hybrid phantoms by assuming that all nodes have identical size derived from published data except narrow cluster sites. The lymph nodes were generated by the following algorithm: (1) selection of the lymph node site among the 16 cluster sites; (2) random sampling of the location of the lymph node within a spherical space centered at the chosen cluster site; (3) creation of the sphere or ovoid of tissue representing the node based on lymphatic node characteristics defined in ICRP Publications 23 and 89. We created lymph nodes until the pre-defined number of lymphatic nodes at the selected cluster site was reached. This algorithm was applied to pediatric (newborn, 1-, 5-and 10-year-old male, and 15-year-old males) and adult male and female ICRP-compliant hybrid phantoms after voxelization. To assess the performance of our models for internal dosimetry, we calculated dose conversion coefficients, called S values, for selected organs and tissues with Iodine-131 distributed in six lymphatic node cluster sites using MCNPX2.6, a well validated Monte Carlo radiation transport code. Our analysis of the calculations indicates that the S values were significantly affected by the location of the lymph node clusters and that the values increased for smaller phantoms due to the shorter inter-organ distances compared to the bigger phantoms. By testing sensitivity of S values to random sampling and voxel resolution, we confirmed that the lymph node model is reasonably stable and consistent for different random samplings and voxel resolutions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-48":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":13759381,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2144432397","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/58\/5\/N59","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Many surgeons have attempted to develop techniques to reduce the scarring resulting from mastoplasty, particularly in cases undergoing nonreducing mastopexy. The aim of this study was to evaluate an L-shaped scar-reducing mastoplasty technique used for grade II or higher mammary hypertrophies, according to the rating system of Berrocal Revueltas. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 70 patients who underwent L-shaped scar- reducing mastoplasty between April 2007 and March 2011. We included patients with Berrocal Revueltas grades II and III breast hypertrophy and gigantomastia. The surgical technique involved marking of the skin both at the beginning of surgery as well as during the surgery after the formation of the new breast cone. We evaluated the complications encountered. The quality of the results was assessed by 4 full members of the Sociedade Brasileira de Cirurgia Plastica (Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Results: The mean patient age was 32.9 years and 62.9% of patients were overweight. The average weight of resected tissue was 718.7 g in the right breast and 713.5 g in the left breast. Among the patients, hematoma (1.4%), seroma (2.9%), epidermolysis (1.4%), keloids (1.4%), hypertrophic scar (2.9%), and excess skin (5.7%) were noted, and the surgical reoperation rate was 8.6%. The evaluators assessed breast shape, breast symmetry, elevation of the nipple- areola complex, and scar appearance, which were considered very good (rating of 9-10) in 78.6%, 82.1%, 96.4%, and 67.9% of cases, respectively. Conclusions: The L-shaped scar- reducing mastoplasty technique was effective for the treatment of large breast hypertrophy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":8985710,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2128758790","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1590\/S1983-51752012000400016","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cognitive control over conflicting sensory input is central to adaptive human behavior. It might therefore not come as a surprise that past research has shown conflict detection in the absence of conscious awareness. This would suggest that the brain may detect conflict fully automatically, and that it can even occur without paying attention. Contrary to this intuition, we show that task-relevance is crucial for conflict detection. Univariate and multivariate analyses on electroencephalographic data from human participants revealed that when auditory stimuli are fully task-irrelevant, the brain disregards conflicting input entirely, whereas the same input elicits strong neural conflict signals when task-relevant. In sharp contrast, stimulus features were still processed, irrespective of task-relevance. These results show that stimulus properties are only integrated to allow conflict to be detected by prefrontal regions when sensory information is task-relevant and therefore suggests an attentional bottleneck at high levels of information analysis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":132531162,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2928831492","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1101\/596999","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYND","url":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/content\/biorxiv\/early\/2019\/04\/02\/596999.full.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The variable \"attribute salience\" is described as the characteristics of a given issue that is portrayed in media coverage or other communication channels. It is generally measured in addition to issue salience and issue valence in order to analyze media portrayals of events, actors, or public discourses. Attribute salience is often measured in order to explore how particular issues are presented (instead of which in general), thereby contributing to second-level agenda-setting effects (McCombs et al., 1997).\n\u00a0\nField of application\/theoretical foundation: \nAttribute salience is analyzed across different subfields of communication and media research, including the field of public diplomacy. In public diplomacy research, scholars measure attribute salience in the context of political communication or the representation of countries in the news media as well as on social media. Researchers embed the concept of attribute salience or issue attributes mainly in agenda-setting theory (McCombs & Shaw, 1972), analyzing it as an independent variable to derive with implications of news media coverage on audiences' evaluations of certain issues.\n\u00a0\nReferences\/combination with other methods of data collection: \nWhen it comes to analyses on attribute salience in the context of issues and its link to public perceptions, a mixed-method study design incorporating content analysis in combination with surveys is used to validate attribute salience.\n\u00a0\nExample study: \nZhang et al. (2018)\n\u00a0\nInformation on Zhang et al., 2018\nAuthors: Zhang et al.\nResearch question\/reseach interest: Effects of agenda-building of Chinese state-sponsored media on news media coverage in Taiwan and Singapore during Hong Kong Protest\nObject of analysis: Newspaper (several English newspapers and newswires published in China, Singapore, and Taiwan; not explicated)\nTime frame of analysis: 1 May 2014 to 30 April 2015\n\u00a0\nInformation about Variable\nLevel of analysis: Articel\nValues:\n(1) Substantive issue attributes (frame):\n(a) Conflict\n(b) Cooperation\n(c) Problem definition\n(d) Proposed solution to the problem\n(e) Responsibility attribution\n(f) Human interest\n(g) Consequences and outcomes\n(h) Morality and motivation to take actions\n\u00a0\n(2) Affective issue attributes (tone):\n(a) Negative\n(b) Neutral or mixed\n(c) Positive\n(d) N\/A.\nScales: Nominal\nReliability: Cohen's kapp = 0.76\n\u00a0\nReferences\nMcCombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L. (1972). The Agenda-Setting Function of Mass Media. Public Opinion Quarterly, 36(2), 176\u2013187.\nMcCombs, M. E., Llamas, J. P., Lopez-Escobar, E., & Rey, F. (1997). Candidate Images in Spanish Elections: Second-Level Agenda-Setting Effects. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 74(4), 703\u2013717.\nZhang, T., Khalitova, L., Myslik, B., Mohr, T. L., Kim, J. Y., & Kiousis, S. (2018). Comparing Chinese state-sponsored media's agenda-building influence on Taiwan and Singapore media during the 2014 Hong Kong Protest. Chinese Journal of Communication, 11(1), 66\u201387.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":234837958,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3153523177","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.34778\/4H","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper presents an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) with embedded energy storage up to 500 J to face safety critical applications such as the control of servomotors for a robotized prosthetic arm. Mechatronic devices for rehabilitation or assisted living of injured and\/or elderly people are today available; in most cases are battery powered with lithium cells providing high energy density and low weight but at the expenses of a reduced robustness vs. lead acid or NiCd cells. The ECU of this work ensures full operation of the wearable robotized arm, controlled through acceleration and EMG (Electromyography) sensor signals, also in case of battery failure, by using supercapacitors as local energy tank.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":26750631,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1556596965","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/EEEIC.2015.7165504","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Dr. Thayer, who was American press attach in Tokyo from 1962 to 1965, presents a detailed account of conservative politics in Japan. Although he makes some historical comparisons, Dr. Thayer's main focus is on the contemporary workings of the Liberal Democratic Party, the ruling party in Japan. He identifies the political elements: the men are the Dietmen, the bureaucrats, the businessmen, the regional politicians, and the people; the institutions are the factions, the regional organizations of the Dietmen, the economic community and the various party organs. He shows how these elements work: how the Prime Minister is elected, how the cabinet is chosen, how party and government posts are filled, how policy is made, how a political decision is reached, and how the party is run. Contents: I. Introduction.; II. The Factions.; III. The Economic Community.; IV. The Party, the Prefectures, and the People.; V. The Elections.; VI. Choosing the President.; VII. Making a Cabinet.; VIII. Formulating Policy.; IX. Reaching a Decision.; X. Running the Party.; XI. Conclusions.; Index. Originally published in 1969. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":153599492,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2524715614","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/2943278","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"If income pooling indicates primary earners' willingness to trade part of their income with spouses who earn less and work more in household production, then among specialized couples income pooling will be positively associated with the price of commercial domestic services, substitutes for household production. In line with our prediction, analyses of data from a unique Danish household survey show that complete income pooling is more frequent where commercial domestic services are more expensive.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":13913807,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1600830313","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1741606","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/econpapers.repec.org\/scripts\/redir.pf?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.iza.org%2Fdp5418.pdf;h=repec:iza:izadps:dp5418","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Previous studies showed that treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) significantly reduced the blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients. We investigated the predictors of BP change in normotensive patients with OSAS who underwent CPAP. A total of 24 patients with OSAS (19 male; age: 48.7 \u00b1 10.4 years) were enrolled. The 24-hour mean BP (24 hMBP), subjective sleepiness, fasting venous blood samples, and anthropometric measurements were assessed at baseline, 6th week and 12th week of CPAP treatment. The 24 hMBP fell at 12 weeks from 89.2 \u00b1 8.4 to 82.9 \u00b1 7.3 mm Hg (P < .0001) irrespective of the severity of disease. Also, both daytime and nighttime BP showed significant reduction after CPAP. Male gender, Epworth sleepiness scale, body mass index, smoking, alcohol use, and baseline 24 hMPB were the independent predictors of a fall in 24 hMBP. The CPAP therapy may provide benefit even in the absence of overt hypertension by reducing both daytime and nighttime BP.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":24894507,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2155707208","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0003319713477908","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: To determine the mechanism by which muscle-specific microRNA (miR-206) and the miR-206 target gene insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) cause myocardial damage in hypothyroidism rat models. \nMethods: Wistar rats were grouped into normal (C) and Hypothyroidism (H) groups. Sixteen weeks after successful modeling, eight rats were picked randomly from the hypothyroidism group for levothyroxine (L-T4) treatment (HL). The patterns of myocardial tissue pathology were elucidated; the expressions of \u03b1-Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC), \u03b2-MHC, miR-206, and IGF-1 in the myocardial tissue were also measured. \nResults: Rat myocardial \u03b1-MHC and IGF-1 protein expression in group H rats displayed a clear decrease (0.325 \u00b1 0.027 and 0.101 \u00b1 0.004, respectively, in H vs. 1.008 \u00b1 0.137 and 0.149 \u00b1 0.003 in C; P<0.01). In contrast, myocardial \u03b2-MHC expression showed a 2.539-fold increase in group H compared to group C (3.695 \u00b1 1.516, P<0.05). Rat myocardial \u03b1-MHC expression was significantly increased in group HL compared to group H (1.078 \u00b1 0.274 vs. 0.325 \u00b1 0.027, P<0.01). However, \u03b2-MHC expression showed a clear decrease. The expression of miR-206 was also significantly decreased (1.488 \u00b1 0.946, P<0.05) and that of IGF-1 protein increased compared to that seen in group H (0.160 \u00b1 0.001 vs. 0.101 \u00b1 0.004, P<0.01). \nConclusion: Myocardial miR-206 in hypothyroidism rat models inhibited IGF-1 transcription, which could be a partial cause of hypothyroidism-mediated cardiac disease. These changes in the hypothyroidism rat myocardium could be corrected using L-T4.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":53561128,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2743602493","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"INTRODUCTION\nExergames are an innovative type of physical activity that engages participants through interactive gameplay. One exergame growing in popularity is geocaching. Geocaching is a high-tech treasure hunt that uses GPS-enabled technology to locate hidden caches. Caches are hidden all over the world, and their coordinates are listed in an online forum ( Geocaching.com ). Exergames like geocaching are widely endorsed; however, there is a lot of information that still needs to be learned about why people participate in these activities.\n\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS\nThirty-four current geocachers were recruited from a larger geocaching study to learn about their motivations for engaging in the game. Individuals were asked to respond to a 30-minute phone interview, and 12 both consented and participated the interviews. Interviews assessed how individuals became involved in geocaching, how frequently they participated, who they went geocaching with, and their motivations behind geocaching. Interviews were recorded and then thematically coded.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThe majority of participants had geocached for more than 5 years and had learned about the activity through media. All 12 participants geocached at least once a week. The primary motivations behind geocaching were being outdoors, social interaction, physical activity, and relaxation. Individuals described geocaching as being part of a community. They typically made friends while geocaching or when they were on Geocaching.com and felt connected to other geocachers through their mutual interest.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nGeocaching and other exergames that use game-like properties to engage users, specifically though technology, have the potential to impact individual health through nontraditional methods of activity and socialization.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":11409991,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2174402017","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1089\/g4h.2015.0025","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An efficient genotype independent method for in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation of Brassica spp. viz. Brassica juncea and Brassica napus have been developed for the local varieties using cotyledonary leaf with petioles and hypocotyls as explants. Explants obtained from 6-day old aseptically grown seedlings were inoculated and co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harbouring a binary vector with PDH45 gene under the regulatory control of 35s promoter and terminator sequences, permitting transformed shoots to be selected on hygromycin containing medium. Well rooted transformed plants were transferred to pots containing soil and after acclimatization the plants were maintained under controlled environmental condition. A total of 9 transformed plants were obtained from BARI Sarisha-8 variety, presumably indicating this protocol is more amenable to genotype independent genetic transformation. Integration and expression of the introduced transgene (PDH45 and hptII) were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Factors influencing transformation efficiency include explant age, optical density of Agrobacterium culture for infection, duration of infection and co-cultivation with Agrobacterium were also assessed. Genetic transformation method developed in this study certainly could be utilized for introducing abiotic stress resistance in the local cultivars of oilseed Brassica.\nDhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 345-358, 2022 (June)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":249451346,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3329\/dujbs.v30i3.59028","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.banglajol.info\/index.php\/DUJBS\/article\/download\/59028\/41300","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Reflection, transmission and loss filters based on fiber Bragg gratings are key components in future wavelength division multiplexing telecommunication networks. A shift of the Bragg wavelength, \u03bb\n B\n , can be achieved by applying a strain or heating the fiber section containing the grating [1]. Here we report on Bragg grating devices that use a thin metallic coating to directly heat the fiber or a piezoelectric coating to strain it. Such integrated tunable filter devices show DC tuning [2-5] and modulation capabilities with promise for enhanced efficiency, reduced size, and low electrical power consumption.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":106631448,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1499496021","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1364\/bgppf.1997.btua.5","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The possibility of synthesis of (poly-)chalcogenide and chalcogenolate ions to manganese, iron and cobalt was expanded with the introduction of the donor ligand carbon monoxide. The metal atoms get than greater coordination numbers. So it was possible to synthesise new metal frameworks, p. e. \"Co11E7\" in the complexes [Ph4P]2[Co11Se7(CO)10] and [Ph4P]2[Co11Te7(CO)10], in which the cobalt atoms built a inner centred pentagonal prism. In the examined reaction systems Mn2(CO)10\/Na2Sex\/Kat, Fe(CO)5\/Na2Ex\/Kat and Co2(CO)8\/Na2Ex\/Kat (E = Se or Te; x = 1 or 2; Kat = Ph4PCl or PPNCl) succeeded the synthesis of [Co6Se8(CO)6]-\/2-anions as first anionic clusters of the M6E8L6 class. The difference between the new [Co6Se8(CO)4]- anion and the M6E8L6-complex class is the extraordinary compressed Co6-oktaeder and considerable shorter Co-Co-distances. In addition to the higher mentioned compounds it was possible to synthesise and characterize unambiguous with the aid of single crystal x-ray crystallography the following complexes: [Ph4P]2[Fe3Te(CO)9]; [Ph4P][Fe3EH(CO)9] fur E=Se,Te; [Ph4P]2 [Fe4Te2(CO)14]; [Ph4P]2 [Fe6Se6(CO)12]; [Ph4P]2 [Mn3Se2(CO)9]. Worth mentioning is also the unusual square pyramidal coordination of the manganese atom in the [Ph4P][Mn(CO)5] crystal. Until now were only penta carbonyl complexes known with a trigonal bipyramidal coordination.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":93069131,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1520781384","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Piston gauges or pressure balances are widely used to realize the SI unit of pressure, the pascal, and to calibrate pressure sensing devices. However, their calibration is time consuming and requires a lot of technical expertise. In this article, we propose an alternate method of performing a piston gauge cross calibration that incorporates a pressure transducer as an immediate in-situ transfer standard. For a sufficiently linear transducer, the requirement to exactly balance the weights on the two pressure gauges under consideration is greatly relaxed. Our results indicate that this method can be employed without a significant increase in measurement uncertainty. Indeed, in the test case explored here, our results agreed with the traditional method within standard uncertainty, which was less than 6 parts per million.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":218636186,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/19315775.2016.1193399","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In Davis v. Davis (1992), the Supreme Court of Tennessee decided a dispute over cryopreserved preembryos in favor of Junior Lewis Davis, who sought to have the preembryos destroyed over the objections of his former wife, Mary Sue Davis. The decision in Davis, although not binding in other states, suggested a framework for resolving similar disputes in the US. That framework established that courts should follow the wishes of those who contribute their sperm [5] and egg [6] cells, or gamete providers, to create preembryos. In the event of a dispute, courts should enforce any prior agreement between the gamete providers and in the absence of such an agreement, the court should weigh the interests of the parties, ordinarily ruling in favor of the party who wishes to avoid procreation [7].","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":3375462,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2560888590","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We introduce a data-driven approach to aid the repairing and conservation of archaeological objects: ORGAN, an object reconstruction generative adversarial network (GAN). By using an encoder-decoder 3D deep neural network on a GAN architecture, and combining two loss objectives: a completion loss and an Improved Wasserstein GAN loss, we can train a network to effectively predict the missing geometry of damaged objects. As archaeological objects can greatly differ between them, the network is conditioned on a variable, which can be a culture, a region or any metadata of the object. In our results, we show that our method can recover most of the information from damaged objects, even in cases where more than half of the voxels are missing, without producing many errors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":3860267,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2963012151","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/3208159.3208173","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1711.06363"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/1711.06363","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Supervised deep learning methods have achieved considerable success in medical image analysis, owing to the availability of large-scale and well-annotated datasets. However, creating such datasets for whole slide images (WSIs) in histopathology is a challenging task due to their gigapixel size. In recent years, self-supervised learning (SSL) has emerged as an alternative solution to reduce the annotation overheads in WSIs, as it does not require labels for training. These SSL approaches, however, are not designed for handling multi-resolution WSIs, which limits their performance in learning discriminative image features. In this paper, we propose a Dual-branch SSL Framework for WSI tumour segmentation (DSF-WSI) that can effectively learn image features from multi-resolution WSIs. Our DSF-WSI connected two branches and jointly learnt low and high resolution WSIs in a self-supervised manner. Moreover, we introduced a novel Context-Target Fusion Module (CTFM) and a masked jigsaw pretext task to align the learnt multi-resolution features. Furthermore, we designed a Dense SimSiam Learning (DSL) strategy to maximise the similarity of different views of WSIs, enabling the learnt representations to be more efficient and discriminative. We evaluated our method using two public datasets on breast and liver cancer segmentation tasks. The experiment results demonstrated that our DSF-WSI can effectively extract robust and efficient representations, which we validated through subsequent fine-tuning and semi-supervised settings. Our proposed method achieved better accuracy than other state-of-the-art approaches. Code is available at https:\/\/github.com\/Dylan-H-Wang\/dsf-wsi.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":257632437,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2303.11019","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2303.11019"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Pension funds have often failed to meet expectations in terms of providing 'patient capital'. Explanations for this lapse have ranged over regulatory and ideational factors. We argue that a new 'impatient' phenomenon is emerging that requires further explanation: pension funds are becoming more mindful of their liquidity and collateral management, and engage in pro-cyclical investment behaviour. We show how UK pension funds have adapted their investment strategies, investing significantly in collective funds, including in foreign and in 'alternative assets', and setting aside protection assets as collateral for their derivatives and repo transactions. This behaviour has increased pension funds' exposure to and participation in liquidity spirals, forcing them to dispose of assets during crises and contributing to the overall pro-cyclicality of the contemporary market-based financial system. This was most recently highlighted by the instability of UK government bond markets in September 2022. Drawing from Minsky and the emerging literature on Critical Macro-Finance, we argue that this new pension fund behaviour is in response to structural changes in the financial markets in which they operate.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":257326317,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/13563467.2023.2184469","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13563467.2023.2184469","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although arthritis is primarily a joint disorder that mainly targets the articular cartilage and subchondral bone, several recent investigations have reported oxidative burst and vital organ damage that are being considered as secondary complications of arthritis. The continuous generation of free radicals like reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is considered as a key culprit in the initiation and propagation of oxidative damage. In addition, activation of T and B cells, macrophages, inflammatory mediators such as TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6 aggravates the oxidative damage of the vital organs, particularly the liver. The current piece of work demonstrates oxidative stress in the liver of arthritic rats and its amelioration by the procyanidin-rich tamarind seed extract (TSE). The arthritic liver homogenate, mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions were found with increased levels of oxidative stress markers including free radicals. As a consequence, depletion in the levels of glutathione, total thiols, glutathione peroxidase and reductase was evident. Furthermore, the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione-S-transferase were found to be significantly altered. The increased and decreased activity of transaminases respectively in serum and liver, along with histological observations, further confirms the liver damage. Unfortunately, the commonly used drugs like NSAIDs and DMARDs have failed to prevent oxidative damage, rather they were found to be the inducers themselves. Interestingly, TSE supplementation was found to significantly inhibit oxidative burst in the liver and maintain homeostasis. Thus, the study clearly demonstrates the protective efficacy of TSE against arthritis-associated oxidative liver damage, including mitochondrial oxidative burst and its associated secondary complications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":24403012,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2054283506","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/c3fo60381d","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The main purpose of the present note is to investigate the distribution of F type stars in the direction perpendicular to the galactic plane (southern hemisphere). \nIt may be assumed that in the vicinity of the Sun the equidensity layers arc plane-parallel. Moreover, these layers arc also parallel to the galactic pla\u00acne. It is shown below that the curves N0(m) expressing the number of stars per square degree, brighter than the apparent magnitude m for any galactic latitude are connected with the curves N \u03c0\/2(m) expressing the same quantity for the galactic pole by means of a very simple relation (8). \nLet us count the F type stars in the direction opposite to the galactic centre. \nWith the aid of the data contained in the Extension of Henry Dra\u00acper's Catalogue, we computed the number of stars in three area\\ each of them 20 wide in R. A. and 6 in declination, and all three located in the galactic plane. The results of these counts arc given in Table V. \nIt will be seen from this table that the dependence of lop Am on in is not a linear one. This indicates that the distribution of stars in this direction is not uniform. The influence of absorption being unknown, we did not at\u00actempt to apply equation (II) to this case. \nThe first volume of the Bergedorfer Spektral-Durchmusterung was published after the completion of the present investigation. No doubt the material contained in that catalogue permits of a more accurate solution of the above problem in respect of the northern hemisphere. \nJuly, 1935","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":127792633,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2914773320","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this study was to enter the world of the parents living with a child with autism, wondering what quality of life means for them and whether their engagement with social work services makes any difference to their quality of lives. Understanding the quality of life experiences of the parents of children with autism is relevant for policy making and social work practice. Based in a Scottish context, the objectives for this research were as follows: To explore the parent carers' description of the term quality of life To describe the parent carers' views on their quality of life in the context of the services provided by social services within (departments of) local authorities. To understand the systems, processes and procedures put in place by the local authorities to support parent carers To explore the scope for changes, if any, in the present social work approach in order to enhance the quality of life of parent carers. The study adopted a grounded theory methodology informed by a symbolic interactionist theoretical framework. Data were gathered from three study local authorities in Scotland. The participants include an almost equal number of male and female parents (total parent participants = 23); and social workers and operational managers from three study local authorities (total number of social workers =12, total number of operational managers =3). This study utilised focus groups and semi structured interviews to gather data. Using the constant comparison method, three main categories emerged; namely  \u0333new normal',  \u0333on-going burden' and  \u0333limited help' which contextualised the quality of life experiences of parent participants in the study. Oppression emerged as the overarching theory. Drawing on the parental perspectives on quality of life distilled in this study, the implications for further research, professional practice and education are explored.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":149942941,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2883061274","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT \n If typical host plants are absent, some herbivorous insects \"dump\" eggs on unsuitable substrates, even though this can cause complete larval mortality and reduced maternal life span. In the seed beetle Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), the tendency to dump eggs varies genetically both within and between populations. A previous study hypothesized that egg-dumping behavior facilitates host-range expansions, and suggested that such expansions have served to maintain \"dumper\" genotypes in beetle populations. We tested this hypothesis in two experiments. For both African and Asian beetle populations, full-sib females from >60 families were split among three treatments: no seeds, a less-preferred novel host, and a preferred host. Within each population, we found no correlation among families between the tendency to dump eggs and the tendency to accept the novel host. We also compared egg dumping between selection lines that had adapted to a novel host and a line that had remained on the ancestral host. Females from lines that had evolved greater acceptance of the novel host did not dump more eggs if hosts were absent. Thus, neither experiment supported the host-range expansion hypothesis. Egg distributions on the preferred host in the first experiment provided weak support for a more proximate explanation: family-level variation in the tendency to dump eggs is inversely related to the tendency to avoid superparasitism of seeds. Such a relationship is also evident in comparisons between populations. Given the considerable short-term costs of egg dumping, we suggest that the host-range expansion hypothesis requires unrealistically high frequencies of host deprivation and subsequent host shifts in C. maculatus.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":37525705,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2136484532","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1603\/AN11040","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves in the feeding of lactating rabbits. For 35 days, food consumption, weight performance and mortality were recorded in 96 mother cages of four batches of lactating rabbits subjected to four diets, including a control diet without neem leaves (lot 0) and three diets (lot 5: 5% leaves; lot 10: 10% leaves, and lot 15: 15% leaves) containing dried leaves of neem\u00a0 at different concentrations. The mean dietary intake of the animals of lot 15 (167.20 g\/day\/cage) was significantly lower than that of lot 0 (206.29 g\/day\/cage). Ingestions recorded in C3 litter class (7 to 9 rabbits) were higher (P<0.05) than those in C1 (1 to 3 rabbits) and C2 (4 to 6 rabbits). The initial mean weights of the young rabbits from lot 15 were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of lot 5. No difference was observed between the birth-weaning of the four lots. The growth rate of young rabbits from females belonging to the C1 litter class (17.30 g\/day) was higher (P\u02c20.01) than that of young rabbits whose litters were higher than 7 rabbits (8.82 g\/day). The birth-weaning mortality rates of lot 0 (12.50%) and 5 (18.30%) were similar (P\u02c30.05). It was the same (P\u02c30.05) for batches 10 (37.60%) and 15 (34.30%). The incorporation of the neem leaves can be considered to increase the cost-efficacy during breeding rabbits. \n \n Key words: Oryctolagus cuniculus, Azadirachta indica, ingestion, growth rate, mortality.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":67815357,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2790606885","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5897\/IJLP2017.0405","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro release of metoprolol tartrate (MT) from topical microemulsion-loaded hydrogels (ME GEL). The in vitro release test was performed on a static vertical diffusion cell system with a synthetic hydrophilic membrane. Permeation (flux, permeability coefficient) and release (release rate, diffusion coefficient) parameters of MT in the ME GEL formulations were calculated. The obtained in vitro release data were fitted with four kinetic models (zero order, first order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas model). There were considered as optimal the formulations ME GEL MT 2 and ME GEL MT 1, containing MT 3%, Capmul MCM 25% and 15% respectively as oil phase, Cremophor EL: propyleneglycol 45% as surfactant-cosurfactant (3:1), 1.5% Carbopol EDT 2020 as gelling agent, and water 30% and 40% respectively, because they showed the highest flux values and high release rate values. The results suggest the potential use of developed ME GELs as vehicles for topical delivery of MT, encouraging further in vitro and in vivo evaluation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":139608176,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2762863433","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Introduction Cancer patients experience psychosocial and informant needs. The National Cancer Survivorship Initiative recommends a shift towards assessment, information provision, personalised care planning and support for self-management including assessment within the social domain. This shift may be particularly difficult to implement with people for whom the language and culture do not fit with the majority. Aims In a sample of patients of South Asian (SA) origin to: evaluate feasibility and acceptability of introducing assessment of social difficulties in everyday practice, examine the range and severity of reported social difficulties, inquire about their management. Methods A cross-sectional study in which participants completed the Social Difficulties Inventory (SDI-21) in English, Urdu, Punjabi or Hindi followed by a semi-structured interview (subjected to Framework Analysis). Results 26 men and 29 women (age range 18 and 80) with a range of diagnoses participated. Commonest primary languages were Urdu (n=17), Punjabi (n=17). SA cancer patients would welcome routine assessment of social difficulties as part of cancer care. They reported higher levels of social distress than found in earlier studies of white British patients. The majority self-managed their social difficulties with little discussion with clinicians, although this would have been welcomed. SA patients lacked information and were unaware of available support, especially when language was a barrier. Conclusion Inclusive introduction of routine psychosocial assessment into cancer care requires not only appropriate screening tools but also staff trained to respond to the difficulties with knowledge of relevant information and supportive care services.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":73257091,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2102600102","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/BMJSPCARE-2011-000020.73","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this world people uses various types of transportation system to travel from one place to another place. Mostly they give importance to public transportation for safer journey. At the same time the transport departments check out the safety measures implemented in them. The proposed system is suitable for railways transportation to identify the cracks in the railway tracks earlier and prevent the accidents. In this paper to use crack detection sensor, this will be placed in the train engine. By this, if some crack is detected on the track the train starts to slow and stop at respective point automatically and exact place of crack would be given to control room. Secondly the next cause of accidents is prevented from two trains opposite in same track by using the same sensors fitted in the engine, if the sensor senses the same signal from opposite train then it automatically applies the brake and stops the train at certain distance. The derailment causes several loses in railway accidents. The proposed system introduces Bluetooth based technology, to prevent the trains accident. The Bluetooth device is installed at each front end of the locomotive. If the train starts to derail, automatically signal is breaked and an alert is given to engine driver and on the other emergency brake is applied automatically. The main aim of the work is to avoid the train accidents without manual power.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":65085276,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2783470544","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A rather considerable volume of experimental and controversial literature on the general subject of intestinal obstruction has appeared within recent years and has served to focus the interest of the surgeon on this interesting, and often most trying, condition. Much of interest has apparently been demonstrated as to both pathology and treatment, considerably more has been surmised and hypothecated, and still more is as yet unknown. From a practical point of view the alkalosis and dehydration which occur, particularly in so-called \"high intestinal obstruction,\" and the diminished chloride content of the blood plasma, have served as valuable points of departure for therapeutic measures, but rather obviously the correction of such abnormalities partakes of the nature of symptomatic rather than curative treatment. The treatment for certain types of obstruction by the administration of spinal anesthesia has been successfully used by many clinicians, especially in the European clinics, and is rational in","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":72508491,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2072214788","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/ARCHSURG.1929.01150020105002","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This thesis describes an approach to track multiple targets using wireless sensor networks. In most of previously proposed approaches, tracking algorithms have access to the signal from individual target for tracking by assuming (a) there is only one target in a field, (b) signals from different targets can be differentiated, or (c) interference caused by signals from other targets is negligible because of attenuation. We propose a general tracking approach based on blind source separation, a statistical signal processing technique widely used to recover individual signals from mixtures of signals. By applying blind source separation algorithms to mixture signals collected from sensors, signals from individual targets can be recovered. By correlating individual signals recovered from different sensors, the proposed approach can estimate paths taken by multiple targets. Our approach fully utilizes both temporal information and spatial information available for tracking. We evaluate the proposed approach through extensive experiments. Experiment results show that the proposed approach can track multiple objects both accurately and precisely. We also propose cluster topologies to improve tracking performance in low-density sensor networks. Parameter selection guidelines for the proposed topologies are given in this Thesis. We evaluate proposed cluster topologies with extensive experiments. Our empirical experiments also show that BSS-based tracking algorithm can achieve comparable tracking performance in comparison with algorithms assuming access to individual signals.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":52248150,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2198415230","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"SIR-Falls are not uncommon in hospitals settings at rates between 1.3 and 12.2% of all admissions [ 1-3] in acute facilities. Approximately 6% of falls result in serious injury such as bleeding or laceration, fracture and haematoma [ 4, 5]. Falls in hospital may lead to prolonged stay [ 6] or litigation [ 7]. Unfortunately, studies of interventions to prevent hospital-related falls are limited or of low quality [ 8] and provide no conclusive evidence that falls, in acute facilities, can be reduced through falls prevention programmes [ 9-11]. Despite this, screening to identify patients who may be at risk of falling is widespread. For example, recent Australian guidelines [ 12] recommend screening and assessment of all older people for risk of falling using the St Thomas' Risk Assessment Tool (STRATIFY tool) [ 13]. However, published studies about the ability of the STRATIFY tool to discriminate accurately between those with and without a high risk of falling [ 14-18] have been contradictory (Table 1 ). In addition, recent systematic reviews of fall screening tools have urged caution with their use because of their tendency to over-classify patients as high risk, leading to poorly targeted interventions [ 19-21]. The aim of the current study was to test the validity of the tool in our own setting, before introducing it as a standard practice.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":206293356,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2129797523","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afn153","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/eprints.qut.edu.au\/14431\/1\/14431.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"At the dawn of the new century no American institution is invested with a greater role to bring the young and their parents into the modernist regime than public schools. The common school is charged with the task of preparing children and youth for their dual responsibilities to the social order: citizenship and, perhaps its primary task, learning to labor. On the one hand, in the older curriculum on the road to citizenship in a democratic, secular society, schools are supposed to transmit the jewels of the enlightenment, especially literature and science. On the other hand, students are to be prepared for the work world by means of a loose but definite stress on the redemptive value of work, the importance of family, and of course the imperative of love and loyalty to one's country.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":6402720,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2100195628","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1215\/01642472-22-2_79-13","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract This paper investigates (digital) materiality through an analysis of the \"sociomaterial configuration\" (Orlikowski 2009) of the participatory design project SensorLab (2010). In SensorLab, users were enrolled as designers: a group of high school students developed and tested smart pollution-sensing prototypes in a public park in Amsterdam. Concepts from science and technology studies, specifically the notion of the \"dance of agency\" (Pickering 1995), are used to trace how 'smartness' materialises in the form of the SensorLab's prototypes. The exploratory case study draws conclusions about (1) how materiality performs its agency and invites improvisations during prototype design and (2) how the student-designers use their tacit knowledge as situated expertise to improvise with construction materials and technology. The deconstruction of the assemblage of human\/material agency suggests that while the student- designers are readily accommodated to develop prototypes, the material agency of the sensor technology resists improvisation as compared with the other available materials. The extent to which the black-boxed sensor technology allows the student-designers to become 'smart' is therefore debatable.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":115030228,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2590076775","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.14361\/dcs-2015-0112","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/downloadpdf\/j\/dcs.2015.1.issue-1\/dcs-2015-0112\/dcs-2015-0112.xml","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A multiple-cell wireless TDMA network is considered. In particular, we extend our previous work [1] for a single-cell wireless network in which multiple delay classes were mathematically analyzed and proved to be independent of the work-conserving scheduling algorithm used. Our extension includes the incorporation of a handoff model to provide an integration between call-level and packet-level quality-of-service (QoS) in a wireless TDMA environment. Throughout extensive networking parameters, we verify the usefulness of our model in terms of its capability of determining the achievable QoS guarantees in a wireless environment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":15411611,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2171233128","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICPWC.2000.905828","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper investigates the noise radiation produced by a rotor inside a duct, which is convected by a swirling-translating mean flow. The study is based on an extension of Gennaretti's and Morino's boundary element method to the frequency domain for scattering problems in conjunction with a spinning rotor source model in the presence of a swirl flow. The proposed formulation is validated against exact solutions and is further used to investigate the effects of the translating flow Mach number and swirling flow angular velocity on noise radiation to the far field. The scattered sound is highly affected by the convecting mean flow. The modal content of the scattered field increases when increasing the translating flow Mach number, while a swirling flow leads to a reduction of the mode propagation, if co-rotating with respect to the azimuthal order of the spinning source, or an increase of the modal content, if counter-rotating with respect to the source. In general, the mean translating flow moves the main lobes of the directivity patterns downstream, while in some cases the mean swirling flow neglects this effect and the downstream lobe is completely shifted.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":122103762,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2150210109","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0022112009991972","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Constitutive equation of material has an important influence on the simulation results in the finite element simulation. In this paper, Johnson-Cook constitutive equation parameters of the high manganese steel ZGMn13 have been derived from the data of compression tests and split Hopkinson pressure bar test. Based on this equation, the finite element simulation of ZGMn13 steel cutting has been done. This Johnson-Cook constitutive model of high manganese steel ZGMn13 can accurately describe the plastic behavior of the material.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137454310,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1988523859","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.188.711","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage to giant magnetoresistive (GMR) heads is investigated using a charged device model tester. The sensor of a GMR head is easily affected by ESD during handling in production. Simulation of the picking procedure reveals that elevating such a small-capacitance device above the work surface increases the potential by up to ten times and the discharge current by up to five times. With 20-V initial potential, which could be applied by the picking tool, the elevation of a 5-pF capacitance by just 10 mm increases the potential to 200 V and the peak discharge current to 578 mA. In the case of a 1-pF capacitor, however, the potential and peak current remained low due to the effect of stray capacitance. In the case of a GMR head with 3.7-pF capacitance, a 5-mm lift reduced the initial potential causing ESD damage from 60 V to less than 40 V. Waveforms of discharge reveal that the GMR head can be designed to reduce the ESD risk.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":17864032,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2104722142","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2007.904364","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article suggests that one way of leaving behind the gravitational pull of essential and hierarchical conceptualizations of race is to follow climate science in digging deeper into the prehistory of human evolution and physiological differentiation. We begin by outlining the value of Paul Gilroy's post-racial imaginary, set out in Between Camps, as one that is future-oriented: a post-race that relies upon an after-race escape from biologism while assuming a given Homo sapien oneness. In distinction, our post-racial analytic is a move towards a deep time of 'pre-race' from which any subsequent human unity is conceived as precarious, contingent and achieved. This post-racial pre-race deploys the combined provocations of anti-racist scholarship, climate science and paleoanthropology to empty race of its violent hierarchies by going deeper into, rather than away from, biology and its attendant vital relations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":143026417,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1918659762","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This guide is an introduction to the new RefWorks: setting up an account, migrating reference citations from Legacy RefWorks, using RefWorks, and getting plugins for in-text citations in MS Word and Google Docs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":231126992,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2922144525","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The decay of the electron density and electron collision frequency between successive discharges in a pulsed plasma jet in N2 feed gas has been investigated using microwave cavity resonance spectroscopy. The method and analysis were adapted to be able to apply this diagnostic to a pulsed plasma jet at atmospheric pressure. The results are compared to a global model. It is shown that the electron density and effective collision frequency can be measured using this technique from about 1 \u03bc s up to approximately 60 \u03bc s after the discharge, where the former time scale is limited by the response time of the cavity and the latter by the detection limit of the setup. Although the data analysis requires an estimation of the plasma volume, which limits the absolute accuracy of the electron density to its order of magnitude, the measured electron densities are in the same range as those predicted by the global model. Additionally, there is a good qualitative agreement in the electron density decay rate between the measurements and the model. Furthermore, it is inferred from the model that the minimum seed electron density required for repeatable guided streamer discharges in a pulsed plasma jet in N2 feed gas is of the order of 1015 m \u2212 3 .","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":133567992,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2934527136","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6595\/ab096e","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/pure.tue.nl\/ws\/files\/122792668\/van_der_Schans_2019_Plasma_Sources_Sci._Technol._28_035020.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Smooth muscle (SM) tissue is found in many parts of the body, primarily in sheets or bundles surrounding hollow organs. The main function of the tissue is the regulation of organ tone via its contractile state. Dysfunction of SM in diseases such as asthma and atherosclerosis affect millions worldwide. \nCurrent methods for studying SM primarily rely on ex vivo animal tissues or 2D in vitro models. Animal models do not accurately recreate human disease states and 2D models are cultured on stiff surfaces lacking the elastic properties and 3D morphology found in natural extracellular matrix in vivo. Therefore it is desirable to develop both an in vitro model of SM that possesses the ability to contract and a method in which this contraction can be measured. \nIn order to achieve this, primary rat aortic SM cells and primary human airway SM cells were cultured in collagen hydrogels; both free floating in the form of collagen disks and under uniaxial tension in order to generate aligned SM collagen constructs. When stimulated with contractile agonists, these constructs contract in a uniaxial fashion. The design of the constructs allows them to be attached to a force transducer allowing the physical force of contraction to be measured. The force of contraction was dependant on the agonist concentration and could be antagonised by the presence of an L-type calcium channel blocker. \nIn order to improve the alignment and uniformity of the smooth muscle population a range of aligned electrospun scaffolds were produced from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), cross-linked gelatin and cross-linked gelatin methacrylate (GelMa). The average fibre diameter of the scaffolds ranged from approximately 200 nm to several micrometres. Additionally the Young's moduli of the scaffolds ranged from around 1x105 to 1x108 Pa. In all cases, scaffolds were highly aligned; alignment was achieved by using a rapidly rotating collector mandrel. \nCulture of primary SM cells upon these scaffolds showed that the cells readily adhered to and proliferated upon the scaffolds over a 10 day culture period. The cells formed a highly aligned population following the topographical cues of the aligned fibrous scaffolds. Additionally, the cells stained positive for SM markers in all cases, indicative of a contractile phenotype. When stimulated with 100 \u00b5M UTP, the SM cells were able to contract the gelatin and GelMa scaffolds but not the PET scaffolds. \nSM seeded GelMa scaffolds were cultured for 10 days prior to attachment to the previously mentioned force transducer apparatus. Upon stimulation the seeded scaffolds contracted generating forces greater than those achieved by the hydrogel model, and was reproducible over several experiments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":135894630,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2580013503","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We have investigated the impact of size-selected metal cluster ions (Agn-) on a covalently bonded substrate (graphite) over the energy range 15\u20131500 eV by a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy and molecular dynamics simulations. The key result is that the fate of the cluster (penetration into the surface versus diffusion and aggregation on the surface), at intermediate energies, depends on the lateral localization of the cluster kinetic energy at specific surface sites and thus, for small clusters, on the orientation of the cluster and the target substrate site.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":54959115,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2091064167","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PHYSREVLETT.81.3715","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The PANI\/PMN composite was prepared by one-step in-situ polymerization method and was characterized via FT-IR, XRD, SEM and TG. The results indicate that the best reaction conditions of in-situ polymerization are 0\u00b0C\/24h.The PMN powder are entirely coated with PANI, when composite contains more than 60% PANI by volume. The steric hindrance effect of PMN powder decreases the crystallization degree of PANI which polymerizes on the surface of PMN powder in the process of in-situ polymerization. The main weight loss occurring between 300 and 480\u00b0C corresponds to the degradation of the PANI polymer chain.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137332415,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2072782864","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.66.230","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In many optimization problems, similar linear programming (LP) problems occur in the nodes of the branch and bound trees that are used to solve integer (mixed or pure, deterministic or stochastic) programming problems. Similar LP problems are also found in problem domains where the objective function and constraint coefficients vary due to uncertainties in the operating conditions. In this report, we present a regression technique for learning a set of functions that map the objective function and the constraints to the decision variables of such an LP system by modifying boosting trees, an algorithm we term the Boost-LP algorithm. Matrix transformations and geometric properties of boosting trees are utilized to provide theoretical performance guarantees on the predicted values. The standard form of the loss function is altered to reduce the possibility of generating infeasible LP solutions. Experimental results on three different problems, one each on scheduling, routing, and planning respectively, demonstrate the effectiveness of the Boost-LP algorithm in providing significant computational benefits over regular optimization solvers without generating solutions that deviate appreciably from the optimum values.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":14363897,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1522897285","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"SUMMARY: CSF leaks, including CSF-venous fi stulas, which cause spontaneous intracranial hypotension, remain dif fi cult to diagnose, even on digital subtraction myelography and CT myelography. Dual-energy CT technology has been used to improve diagnostic utility within multiple organ systems. The capability of dual-energy CT to create virtual monoenergetic images can be leveraged to increase conspicuity of contrast in CSF-venous fi stulas and direct epidural CSF leakage to improve the diagnostic utility of CT my-elography. Six cases (in 5 patients) are shown in which virtual monoenergetic images demonstrate a leak location that was either occult or poorly visible on high-or low-kilovolt series. This clinical report describes the novel application of dual-energy CT for the detection of subtle CSF leaks including CSF-venous fi stulas.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":264558290,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The present study seeks to find impacts of digital humanities on academic performances of students and teachers. The students and teachers, selected as participants of this study represent the second language learners of Institute of English Language and Literature (IELL), University of Sindh, Jamshoro. The study tries to investigate about the significance of digital humanities for second language learners in field of an academic research. The study explores an idea for the future research designs about new technical methods that can be introduced into field of academic research. Therefore, the objectives designed to find the impacts of digital humanities on second language learners are the investigation of role played by digital humanities in classroom and perceptions of students for it. The study follows qualitative method with content analysis of students and teachers' perceptions for digital humanities in classroom learning. The findings of this study have shown that there is a need to digitalize classroom learning. The teachers and students wanted to learn and teach with novice teaching methods with introduction of technological gadgets. According to them, this can facilitate learning environment more compared to traditional learning.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":225864719,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3044458241","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present here a study of the combined nonlinear response of plasmonic antenna\u2014transparent conducting oxide hybrids for activation of metamaterial devices. Nanoantenna layers consisting of randomly positioned gold nanodisk dimers are fabricated using hole-mask lithography. The nanoantenna layers are covered with a 20 nm thin layer of transparent conducting oxide (TCO). We investigate the response of atomic layer deposited aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) next to indium\u2013tin oxide (ITO) produced using sputter coating. We show that our results are in agreement with the hypothesis of fast electron-mediated cooling, facilitated by the Ohmic interface between the gold nanodisks and the TCO substrate, which appears a universal mechanism for providing a new hybrid functionality to active metamaterial devices.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":52204385,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2125794379","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/2040-8978\/14\/11\/114007","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/eprints.soton.ac.uk\/346558\/1\/abbjopt.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this practical arts-integrated science and engineering lesson, an inquiry-based approach was adopted to teach a class of fourth graders in a Midwest elementary school about the scientific concepts of plate tectonics and earthquakes. Lessons were prepared following the 5 E instructional model. Next Generation Science Standards (4-ESS3-2) and the National Coalition for Core Arts Standards for fourth grade (Visual Arts: Creating 1.14a, Visual Arts: Creating 2.1.4a, and Visual Arts: Creating 3.1.4a) were addressed challenging students to create an earthquake-resistant structure to support a clay sculpture in a model of an art gallery for an earthquake-prone area. First, content knowledge was provided through videos and information texts that led to class discussion. Next, students collaboratively brainstormed ideas for the sculpture museum. In pairs, students drew sketches and planned what they would design. Natural, air-dry clay was used for the sculptures and the scaffolding supporting them was made of plastic straws, twist ties, and masking tape. Challenges to the task were introduced twice. Then, the structures were tested after completion at two different strengths of earthquake on a shake table with the help of the teacher. Information learned from the engineering challenge was used to investigate the world's tallest buildings. Students were very engaged in both the sculpting and the engineering challenges. They made generalizations about the structures by analyzing successful and unsuccessful designs. Students were very motivated to keep their artwork safe! Journal of STEM Arts, Crafts, and Constructions Volume 1, Number 1, Pages 10-17. The Journal's Website: http:\/\/scholarworks.uni.edu\/journal-stem-arts\/","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":12024838,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2581524196","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"There has been much scholarly and artistic debate about Emily Dickinson, yet surprisingly little research has been done in relation to her musical training and the critical role that music played in informing much of her literary oeuvre. Dickinson possessed a comprehensive knowledge of music, in both rudiment and performance. Her personal music folio contains scores that, in many instances, require not only an advanced piano technique and sophisticated level of performance and virtuosity, but also demonstrate a diverse representation of musical style and genre. Editorial markings found in many of these manuscripts support the notion that she was exposed to a sustained level of expert music instruction, notably during her formative years. Music is both the ground on which the superstructure of her poetic thought was built and a condition of being towards which it aspired. With reference to Lowenberg's Musicians Wrestle Everywhere: Emily Dickinson and Music (1992) and Cooley's The Music of Emily Dickinson's Poems and Letters (2003) this presentation serves as an investigation of Dickinson's intersections with music and performance: her own musical practice, her innovative use of musical device, metaphor and language as an expression of her connection to (and interaction with) exterior and interior space, and the role that performance personae and gesture played in her artistic consciousness. It is my wish that this research will ultimately serve as a model for future debate regarding Dickinson's relationship to music and how; via the process of performance, analysis and reflection it can bring her audience one step closer to a more vivid realisation of her life and work.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":216840452,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3006059163","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Structural asymmetry affecting the nonlinear optics (NLO) of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is very important in fundamentals and applications but is still a challenge. Herein we develop a series of indium-porphyrinic framework (InTCPP) thin films and provide the first study on the coordination-induced symmetry breaking on their third-order NLO. The continuous and oriented InTCPP(H2) thin films were grown on quartz substrates and then postcoordinated with different cations (Fe2+ or Fe3+Cl-) in InTCPP(H2) (named InTCPP(Fe2+) and InTCPP(Fe3+Cl-)). The third-order NLO results reveal the Fe2+ and Fe3+Cl- coordinated InTCPP thin films have substantially enhanced NLO performance. Moreover, InTCPP(Fe3+Cl-) thin films cause symmetry breaking of microstructures, resulting in a 3-fold increase in the nonlinear absorption coefficient (up to 6.35 \u00d7 10-6 m\/W) compared to InTCPP(Fe2+). This work not only develops a series of nonlinear optical MOF thin films but also provides new insight into symmetry breaking on MOFs for nonlinear optoelectronic applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":2,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":257835351,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.3c00635","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Corruption is commonplace in South Africa. The values that underpinned the ANC's liberation ideology appear to be collapsing and a new 'bling' culture, which has infected both politics and business, seems to be taking over in South Africa. William Gumede tackles these and other pressing issues head-on in his new book which brings together his best writing of the past three years. Included are opinion pieces written for overseas publications such as The Guardian, The Independent and The New Statesman, which have never been published in South Africa before. Gumede covers several hot topics, including black economic empowerment, the state of the ANC alliance, poor service delivery and the state of our democracy. His critique is most severe when he discusses the Zuma presidency and the scourge of corruption. According to Gumede there is a choking sense that the current generation in government do not have the ideas or political will to lead us out of this malaise. Only a spring-clean of leadership, ideas and institutions will lift the gloom. A powerful call to action.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":152482150,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"593863442","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"With the increasing awareness of sustainable development in the construction industry, implementation of an energy rating procedure to assess buildings is becoming more important. The most representative building environment assessment schemes that are in use today are Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) and Green Star. This paper aims to focus on the investigation of energy performance assessment for new office buildings within the LEED, BREEAM and Green Star schemes. A review of the three schemes with regards to their assessment methods, scopes, performance criteria and energy rating scales are presented. A computational simulation, using software IES Virtual Environment has been conducted to quantitatively benchmark the energy rating method under the three schemes. The selected case study building was a typical openplan office building located in Dubai. Through this study, an attempt is made to make clear how building energy performance is assessed and therefore awarded with energy credits under the LEED, BREEAM and Green Star schemes and to form a good basis for future development of a generic energy assessment framework across different nations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":9889509,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Why does the implementation of policies for educational improvement often disappoint? The literature suggests that pitfalls in the formulation stage can hamper successful implementation. This research aims to develop insights into the process of policy formulation in order to establish how this may affect subsequent policy implementation using a case study of Pre-Primary Education in Bangladesh. Uniquely, I have been able to study the development of PPE policy when it was taking place since I was directly involved in the process as a professional advisor working for a donor. \n \nThe first research question investigated how the pre-primary policy was formed. This had two parts in terms of i) developing understanding of the phases of policy formulation and the stakeholders involved, and ii) analysing the discourses that informed the policy. The second research question enquired into the development of the implementation strategy and its feasibility, and compared expectations with the data available on the characteristics and impact of the initial implementation. This enabled the identification of aspects of policy formulation that shape current and future implementation. Special attention was given to the development of policy that prioritised underprivileged children throughout the process, because of the extent of unequal provision and because this was a high profile goal for educational development. \n \nThe analysis of policy development derived from relevant policy documents and keyinformant interviews highlighted charismatic and politicised approaches to educational reform, which lacked the involvement of beneficiaries and those tasked with implementation. This has consequences for subsequent impact and the sustainability of the new policy. The initial implementation was generally considered inadequate and uneven by the respondents. It reflected aspirational planning linked to the EFA goals, with ambitious aims to provide a \"quantitative breakthrough\" in access and attainment without a realistic assessment of the resources available and the capacity to mobilise them. \n \nWhen the implementation strategy was updated and included in the third national programme of primary education (PEDP III), a more phased and comprehensive approach to planning was introduced. However, reports on programme implementation have identified delays and difficulties in starting PEDP III, albeit improvements between year 1 and 2 have been noted. In particular, the implementation strategies identified were insufficiently detailed and different stakeholders' needs were not properly assessed. More equitable delivery to underprivileged children remains poorly articulated. Part of the reason appears to be diminished political will and inconsistent leadership. Finally, opportunities to collaborate with the NGO service providers have not been fully exploited and the implementation planning for PEDP III appeared to have relied excessively on external expertise, with implications for the ownership and continuity of the policy on pre-school. \n \nBased on these findings, suggestions are offered to the development partners, the Government and the NGOs to improve the integration of policy and implementation strategies to increase the probability of sustained improvements in Pre Primary provision.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":150729150,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"282654181","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The rapid growth of research in exploiting machine learning to predict chaotic systems has revived a recent interest in Hamiltonian Neural Networks (HNNs) with physical constraints defined by the Hamilton's equations of motion, which represent a major class of physics-enhanced neural networks. We introduce a class of HNNs capable of adaptable prediction of nonlinear physical systems: by training the neural network based on time series from a small number of bifurcation-parameter values of the target Hamiltonian system, the HNN can predict the dynamical states at other parameter values, where the network has not been exposed to any information about the system at these parameter values. The architecture of the HNN differs from the previous ones in that we incorporate an input parameter channel, rendering the HNN parameter--cognizant. We demonstrate, using paradigmatic Hamiltonian systems, that training the HNN using time series from as few as four parameter values bestows the neural machine with the ability to predict the state of the target system in an entire parameter interval. Utilizing the ensemble maximum Lyapunov exponent and the alignment index as indicators, we show that our parameter-cognizant HNN can successfully predict the route of transition to chaos. Physics-enhanced machine learning is a forefront area of research, and our adaptable HNNs provide an approach to understanding machine learning with broad applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":232069001,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevResearch.3.023156","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2102.13235"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"It is time to begin re-thinking systematically the larger issue of copyright terms (preferably in the context of a larger systematic re-thinking of copyright). With some exceptions, the extent to which the copyright term is taken as sacrosanct is surprising. In my view, we need to not only shorten the term of copyright generally, but also to vary the terms of copyright as between different kinds of works according to the context of the right and the resource protected by copyright. Finally, we might consider strengthening these proposals with a registration requirement, especially for longer terms, putting some of the onus on creators themselves of identifying and protecting works of ongoing value. What this article provides is a conceptual and philosophical structure, albeit skeletal, for copyright reform generally and for the reform of copyright terms in particular. The argument herein is not grounded in the particular context of term extension debates in the US, nor based on free speech considerations, which while important can lose their persuasive force in the face of property rights talk. It is also not grounded on technologically-driven imperatives. Rather, the argument is grounded on the general concepts of property and of copyright, and in the theoretical justifications for and history of copyright. I am of the mind that we need to tie the specific reforms back to a more general understanding of copyright. In this sense we must look back critically in order to re-assess how to move forward. Such a re-calibration would bring copyright protection back into line with its core justifications and history, balancing the rights of creators with the interests of maintaining a robust public domain. Perhaps ironically, addressing the term of copyright protection would also go a long way to solving some of the problems being created by new technologies respecting access for users and balancing the rights of creators and users (for example, technological protection measures, digital rights management). Such measures are weakening, if not completely obliterating the interests of users. That is, shorter terms of copyright rights might be seen as a counterbalance to technological advances that have served to make rights more absolute than they have been historically: the trade-off is a much shorter term for a stronger right vis-a-vis users. Of course, one has to be realistic in the sense that given the structure of international copyright, and US and EU preponderance in IP policy matters, that this situation will not change overnight and certainly not in this round of Canadian reform. However, there are dissident voices around the world and especially in the US, and this is a time to begin thinking in Canada about copyright terms in a more coherent manner. It is my hope that Canada will become a leader in this necessary and I think, inevitable, discussion. What follows is an attempt to help frame that discussion, and provide some of the theoretical underpinnings from which that discussion can proceed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":2,"2017-13":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":151020755,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"301437076","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A minimal supersymmetric SO(10) model with one 10 and one 126 Higgs superfield has recently been shown to predict all neutrino mixings as well as the solar mass difference squared in agreement with observations. Two assumptions critical to the predictivity and success of the model are that (i) the superpotential includes only renormalizable terms, thereby limiting the number of free parameters, and (ii) the triplet term in the type II seesaw formula for neutrino mass dominates, leading to the sum rule ${M}_{\\ensuremath{\\nu}}{=c(M}_{d}\\ensuremath{-}{M}_{e}),$ which is responsible for large mixings. However, the CKM CP phase is constrained to be in the second or third quadrant, requiring a significant non-CKM component to CP violation to explain observations. We reexamine this issue using a type I seesaw formula for neutrino masses and obtain the following results. (i) We show that the above sum rule responsible for large mixing angles can also emerge in type I seesaw models; the detailed predictions are, however, not compatible with present data for any choice of CP phases. (ii) We then show that addition of a nonrenormalizable term restores compatibility with neutrino data and CKM CP violation both in type I and type II cases. We further find (iii) the MSSM parameter $\\mathrm{tan}\\ensuremath{\\beta}g~30$ in the type I model and (iv) lepton flavor violation and lepton electric dipole moments that are accessible to proposed experiments in both type I and type II models. We also discuss the unification of the gauge couplings in the type I model, which requires an intermediate scale.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":119415969,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2157646916","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.69.115014","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"hep-ph\/0402113"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":": Kindergarten Teachers' Attitudes toward Mathematics Learning. This study was aimed to know the attitudes of kindergarten teachers to mathematics teaching and learning. The study, carried out in the Regency of Tegal, took 340 kindergarten teachers into the pool of the sample (65% of the population of 523 teachers). Proportional random sampling was used in the selection of the sample. Questionnaires in the form of attitude scale were distributed to the sample to elicit their responses. t-test was used to analyze the differences of the attitudes and Croncbach's Alpha was used to arrive at the reliability index. The study found out that, in general, kindergarten teachers have positive attitudes towards the teaching and learning of mathematics.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":146627197,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2208257731","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.17977\/JIP.V19I1.3754","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An improved design principle of Model of 1-1 OPCM sensor elements is proposed from the constitution and mechanics-electric coupled property of OPCM. The orthotropic ratio is defined and the optimal ratio of length to width of Model of 1-1 OPCM sensor is deducted from it. The functional properties of an OPCM sensor designed by the optimal ratio of length to width are simulated with COMSOL. The numerical results are validated by experimental data. Experimental results agree well with the results of numerical simulation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137257231,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2016654575","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.464.350","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"According to the underdetermination thesis, all evidence necessarily underdetermines any scientific theory. Thus it is often argued that our agreement on the content of mature scientific theories must be due to social and other factors. Drawing on a long standing tradition of criticism, I shall argue that the underdetermination thesis is little more than speculation based on an impoverished account of induction. A more careful look at accounts of induction does not support an assured underdetermination or the holism usually associated with it. I also urge that the display of observationally equivalent theories is a self-defeating strategy for supporting the underdetermination thesis. The very fact that observational equivalence can be demonstrated by arguments brief enough to be included in a journal article means that we cannot preclude the possibility that the theories are merely variant formulations of the same theory.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":142940722,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1586423481","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctt9qh7nh.5","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/d-scholarship.pitt.edu\/2744\/2\/Must_Evidence_Underdetermine_Theory.doc","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Telomeres are specific protein\u2013DNA complexes that protect the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes from fusion and degradation and are maintained by a specialized mechanism exerted by telomerase and telomere-binding proteins (TBPs), which are evolutionarily conserved. AtTBP1 is an Arabidopsis thaliana protein that binds plant telomeric DNA in vitro. Here, we demonstrated that lack of AtTBP1 results in a deregulation of telomere length control, with mutant telomeres expanding steadily by the fourth generation. DNA-binding studies with mutant AtTBP1 proteins showed that the Myb-extension domain of AtTBP1 is required for binding to plant telomeric DNA. Our results suggest that AtTBP1 is involved in the telomere length mechanism in A. thaliana and that the Myb-extension domain of AtTBP1 may stabilize plant telomeric DNA binding.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":17961134,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2037847996","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkm043","PubMedCentral":"1851659","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nar\/article-pdf\/35\/4\/1333\/16760473\/gkm043.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose\nThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors that are significant in contributing to the per capita income growth of countries that are experiencing or have experienced the lower-middle and upper-middle income traps.\n\n\nDesign\/methodology\/approach\nThe study comprises 85 countries over the period 1960 to 2017 spanning across three income groups: lower-middle, upper-middle and high. A panel data structure was used to run a fixed effect and random effect estimation on three models of income groups. The Hausman specification test, which was used for further statistical fitness, confirmed the appropriateness of fixed effect over the random in explaining the estimation of factor variables.\n\n\nFindings\nThe results show that unemployment is a pervasive problem that negatively affect countries at all income levels. Foreign direct investment and population of dependents are associated with economic progression of countries that have experienced or are experiencing the lower-middle income trap. Furthermore, rising income inequality and foreign aid assistance are detrimental to countries that have experienced or are experiencing the upper-middle income trap. Moreover, income inequality, disproportionate urban population and rising dependent population are damaging for high income countries that never experienced any of the middle-income traps. Conversely, openness to trade, inflation and exchange rate volatility had limited capacity in explaining growth dynamics.\n\n\nResearch limitations\/implications\nThis study could not incorporate geopolitical, demographic, geographical and other such exogenous factors, which could have episodes of influences on the economic development of countries. These were outside the study's realm of quantitative analysis.\n\n\nOriginality\/value\nThis paper contributes to existing literature by providing an empirical cross-sectional comparative analysis of countries belonging to different income groups. The prevailing literature lacks such a cross-tabulated presentation of factors affecting countries that avoided the middle income trap and those that could not.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":198796922,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2954317476","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1108\/IJDI-09-2018-0138","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present a systematic study of the effect of crowdsourced translations on Machine Translation performance. We compare Machine Translation systems trained on the same data but with translations obtained using Amazon's Mechanical Turk vs. professional translations, and show that the same performance is obtained from Mechanical Turk translations at 1\/5th the cost. We also show that adding a Mechanical Turk reference translation of the development set improves parameter tuning and output evaluation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":3053521,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2251339511","ACL":"N13-1069","DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Matrix transposition is an important algorithmic building block for many numeric algorithms such as FFT. With more and more algebra libraries offloading to GPUs, a high performance in-place transposition becomes necessary. Intuitively, in-place transposition should be a good fit for GPU architectures due to limited available on-board memory capacity and high throughput. However, direct application of CPU in-place transposition algorithms lacks the amount of parallelism and locality required by GPU to achieve good performance. In this paper we present our in-place matrix transposition approach for GPUs that is performed using elementary tile-wise transpositions. We propose low-level optimizations for the elementary transpositions, and find the best performing configurations for them. Then, we compare all sequences of transpositions that achieve full transposition, and detect which is the most favorable for each matrix. We present an heuristic to guide the selection of tile sizes, and compare them to brute-force search. We diagnose the drawback of our approach, and propose a solution using minimal padding. With fast padding and unpadding kernels, the overall throughput is significantly increased. Finally, we compare our method to another recent implementation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":7227623,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1987882202","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2015.2412549","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN (WLAN), due to the combination of a first-in-first-out (FIFO) transmission queue and the retransmission policy in the serving access point (AP), a single station that is moving away from the AP, e.g., thus handing off to a neighbouring AP, can have a significant negative impact on the services other users receive in the same basic service set (BSS). In this paper, we present a traffic shaping algorithm to control this undesirable effect. Experimental results show that our algorithm manages to maintain stable throughput levels in networking applications that otherwise would have experienced high throughput degradation. This algorithm constitutes an innovative implementation of a traffic shaper that can be easily adopted by the current state-of-the-art IEEE 802.11 AP products to enhance the performance of WLANs, since the algorithm can be implemented in the device driver and no specific modification of hardware is needed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":18086660,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1522849178","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/PIMRC.2003.1260407","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The stringent response is characterized by the synthesis of the messenger molecules pppGpp, ppGpp or pGpp (here collectively designated (pp)pGpp). The phenotypic consequences resulting from (pp)pGpp accumulation vary among species and can be mediated by different underlying mechanisms. Most genome-wide analyses have been performed under stress conditions, which often mask the immediate effects of (pp)pGpp-mediated regulatory circuits. In Staphylococcus aureus, (pp)pGpp can be synthesized via the RelA-SpoT-homolog (RSHSau) upon amino acid limitation or via one of the two small (pp)pGpp synthetases RelP or RelQ, upon cell wall stress. We used RNA-Seq to compare the global effects in response to transcriptional induction of the synthetase domain of RSH (RSH-Syn), RelP or RelQ without the need to apply additional stress conditions. Enzyme expression resulted in changes in the nucleotide pool similar to induction of the stringent response via the tRNA synthetase inhibitor mupirocin: a reduction in the GTP pool, an increase in the ATP pool and synthesis of pppGpp, ppGpp and pGpp. Induction of all three enzymes resulted in similar changes in the transcriptome. However, RelQ was less active than RSH-Syn and RelP, indicating strong restriction of its (pp)pGpp-synthesis activity in vivo. Genes involved in the SOS response, iron storage (e.g. ftnA, dps), oxidative stress response (e.g., katA, sodA) and the the psm\u03b11-4 and psm\u00df1-2 operons coding for cytotoxic, phenole soluble modulins (PSMs) were highly upregulated upon (pp)pGpp synthesis. Analyses of the ftnA, dps and psm genes in different regulatory mutants revealed that their (pp)pGpp-dependent regulation can occur independent of the regulators PerR, Fur, SarA or CodY. Moreover, psm expression is uncoupled from expression of the quorum sensing system Agr, the main known psm activator. The expression of central genes of the oxidative stress response protects the bacteria from anticipated ROS stress derived from PSMs or exogenous sources. Thus, we identified a new link between the stringent response and oxidative stress in S. aureus that is likely crucial for survival upon phagocytosis. Significance Most bacteria make use of the second messenger (pp)pGpp to reprogram bacterial metabolism under nutrient-limiting conditions. In the human pathogen Staphylococcus aureus, (pp)pGpp plays an important role in virulence, phagosomal escape and antibiotic tolerance. Here, we analyzed the immediate consequences of (pp)pGpp synthesis upon transcriptional induction of the (pp)pGpp-producing enzymes RSH, RelP or RelQ. (pp)pGpp synthesis provokes immediate changes in the nucleotide pool and severely impacts the expression of hundreds of genes. A main consequence of (pp)pGpp synthesis in S. aureus is the induction of ROS-inducing toxic phenol-soluble modulins (PSMs) and simultaneous expression of the detoxifying system to protect the producer. This mechanism is likely of special advantage for the pathogen after phagocytosis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":218470009,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3017956242","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1009282","PubMedCentral":"7802963","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosgenetics\/article\/file?id=10.1371\/journal.pgen.1009282&type=printable","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT This article investigates the application of technology to pedagogy in early years. The research considers the perceptions of technology that are held by a variety of practitioners in a range of settings. The research explores the factors influencing the participants' interpretation of the pedagogical value of technology by asking two questions. Do the participants follow policymakers who support the application of technology to pedagogy? Do the participants mirror academic research in this area by considering that 'e is only best' when it is applied to pedagogy to develop creative thinking? The study is based in England and draws on the experiences of 16 practitioners who are working in either private or statutory nursery settings. The research is based on an inductive qualitative methodology that has gathered the participants' views on the benefits of technology for pedagogy in early years. The research reveals that a range of personal, social and professional factors influence the participants' pedagogy with technology. The article identifies the challenges that exist for the professional development of these early years educators in this area of pedagogy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":146954501,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2306878087","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/09669760.2015.1099038","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/research.tees.ac.uk\/ws\/files\/6461010\/578705.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The present study examined the mechanism by which bacterial cell walls from two gram-positive meningeal pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and the group B streptococcus, induced neuronal injury in primary cultures of rat brain cells. Cell walls from both organisms produced cellular injury to similar degrees in pure astrocyte cultures but not in pure neuronal cultures. Cell walls also induced nitric oxide production in cultures of astrocytes or microglia. When neurons were cultured together with astrocytes or microglia, the cell walls of both organisms became toxic to neurons. L-NAME, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, protected neurons from cell wall-induced toxicity in mixed cultures with glia, as did dexamethasone. In contrast, an excitatory amino acid antagonist (MK801) had no effect. Low concentrations of cell walls from either gram-positive pathogen added together with the excitatory amino acid glutamate resulted in synergistic neurotoxicity that was inhibited by L-NAME. The induction of nitric oxide production and neurotoxicity by cell walls was independent of the presence of serum, whereas endotoxin exhibited these effects only in the presence of serum. We conclude that gram-positive cell walls can cause toxicity in neurons by inducing the production of nitric oxide in astrocytes and microglia.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":7818027,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1830305060","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/iai.64.8.3148-3153.1996","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/iai.asm.org\/content\/iai\/64\/8\/3148.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The so called 'war on terror' was framed through fear of one key figure, the fanatical 'suicide bomber.' As a key signifier of all that the 'free world' opposes this figure is the subject of an academic cum security industry. The 'Professor of Suicide Bombing' develops policy advice about how best to prevent and anticipate such attacks, drawing on social scientific analyses of what causes individuals to engage in such attacks. This article rejects social scientific explanations of human bombing, interpreting this figure as a social symptom of the dominant order. Taking its cue from two unlikely bedfellows, Phillip Bobbit (2008), and Slavoj Zizek (1989), I contend that the human bomber's act is a symptomatic response to the politicisation of life in modern societies. This restores to human bombings a significance which exceeds the delimitation of the act as mad or bad in the social scientific literature. Explicitly at stake in these acts is the value of lives, the means for determining this value, and the meaning of value itself in relation to human life. If the human bomber is a figure of fear this article concludes by refiguring this fear as the expression of desire, a desire without possible object in the current political conjuncture. I begin with a critical analysis of the dominant modes of interpretation of suicide bombing. Second, I think these acts as symptomatic responses to a particular ordering of lives. I trace the logics of this order through an analysis of the form of the act itself. Last, I characterise these acts as forms of acting out, that is as symptomatic of the dominant order, rather than as attempts to refigure that order.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":150149632,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2801255961","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The terms \"bioelectrochemical systems (BESs)\" include all devices able to transform chemical energy into electrical energy by the action of microorganisms. Those last belong to a specific community called electroactive bacteria (EAB). Organized in biofilm at the surface of a solid electrode, EAB are able to exchange electrons with conductive surfaces. Thanks to their unique extracellular transfer system, the first electroactive bacterial species discovered, as Geobacter metallireducens, were able to use iron or manganese oxides, naturally present in their environment, as the terminal electron acceptor in their metabolism process. Em-ployed in an electrochemical cell, EAB acted as catalysts of the redox reactions. Since 2008, the research team L3MA worked on a particular BES which is microbial fuel cell (MFC). Via an electrical circuit connected to the cell, MFC harvests the electrons from the biodegrada-tion of a fuel (organic compounds, ligno-cellulosic biomasses for examples). The main ad-vantage of MFC lies in the generation of electricity that could be combined with bioremedia-tion (COD, metal, pollutant removals). L3MA has demonstrated that mangrove is source of EAB. Indeed, mangrove environment has the physicochemical characteristics required to be sources of EAB: sedimentary soils, high temperature and high salinity. The objective of L3MA studies was to improve knowledge on mangrove EAB and their role in MFCs. Electrochemical and biological results were facing. The influence of a fuel supply (acetate) and the presence of an electrical connection of the bacterial biofilm support were evaluated. The maximal power of the MFCs, measured in a stable plate of electrical activity following an ace-tate addition as substrate, was 450 mW\/m2 of projected anode surface. The anodic potential switched from 400 mV to -400 mV during period without acetate and with acetate respectively. The formation of the anodic biofilm seems to be essentially influenced by the sediment with a similar diversity of bacterial community. The proteobacteria phylum dominated the ecosys-tem and was mostly composed by two genera: Sulfurimonas sp. and Desulfobacter sp.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":219832555,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3024150466","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Train\/turnout dynamic interaction is exacerbated by high speed of passenger train and heavy load of freight train, and wheel\/rail relation is one of the key factors that determine the running characteristics of the train. Focusing on three types of wheel treads with different profiles (TB tapered tread, LM worn tread, LMA worn tread), longitudinal distribution of the contact geometric parameters along the switch rail and nose rail of 350km\/h No.18 turnout are calculated, such as tread equivalent conicity, coefficient of contact angle difference, roll angle factor, gravitational stiffness of wheelset, gravitational angle stiffness of wheelset, etc. Results show that: (1) LMA worn tread produces the smallest irregularity; (2) wheel\/rail vertical impact at the frog will become bigger; (3) Top profile of switch rail and nose rail should be designed according to the wheel tread type so as to mitigate the wheel\/rail dynamic interaction and increase the safety and stability of a train.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110176506,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2066814847","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.255-260.3988","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Research on the increasing importance of party leaders in elections has observed that party leaders maintain personal websites, blogs, and social networking sites in order to personalize the image of themselves by mixing personal and professional matters. This chapter examines whether these efforts affect the party leader character impressions by voters in a positive way. The chapter presents two experiments that examine the impact of exposure to authentic personal websites and, as a form of social media, blogs of party leaders on voters' perceptions regarding various traits of party leaders during a Finnish election campaign. The findings are mixed. The perception of one leader was significantly enhanced by exposure to his website as well as his blog. Moreover, exposure to the blog by this politician resulted in an enhanced assessment of his personality traits whereas exposure to his website had positive effect on the evaluation of his professional traits. In making sense of the findings, web and social media approaches, and participant expectancies are discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":204433378,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2974101172","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-7998-0377-5.ch008","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Stent implantation is performed widely to revascularise stenosed coronary arteries. Restenosis is a significant complication associated with bare metal stents (BMS). Drug eluting stents with adjunct anti-platelet therapy significantly improved restenosis risk but introduced late in stent thrombosis. Therefore, there remains a need for more effective coronary artery stents and the aim of this study is to improve currently available BMSs. Graphene is a 2D material consisting of a layer of hexagonal structured carbon atoms, exhibiting unique properties, ideal for implantable device coatings: it forms an impermeable membrane, is atomically smooth and has a Daruyhigh surface to volume ratio. We have coated currently available BMSs with graphene-based materials to enhance re-endothelialisation and hinder the formation of intimal hyperplasia resulting from possible aetiologies such as metal leaching or inflammatory reaction to the metal itself. Methods Graphene-based bare metal stent coatings were optimised by investigating several coating methods. Human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) were cultured on control and coated stents. Cells were fixed at day 0 and day 8 post-seeding, followed by Hoechst 33\u2009342 and Phalloidin staining for viewing under the fluorescence microscope. Subsequently, HCAEC number per mm2 area of stent was determined at both day 0 and day 8, and the difference calculated. One-Way ANOVA with multiple comparison was performed and p<0.05 considered as statistically significance. Results are shown as mean\u00b1 SEM. Results A spray coating method was selected for providing optimal coverage of graphene-based coating on BMSs. HCAEC count\/mm2 was significantly more on the Graphene-based coating of the bare metal stent (1085\u00b1156 HCAEC count\/mm2) compared to the uncoated control bare metal stent (486\u00b1130 HCAEC count\/mm2) p=0.0063, n=3. Conclusion An optimised prototype of graphene-based BMS coating was produced for preclinical evaluation. Increased HCAEC count per mm2 of graphene-based coated BMS was observed in comparison to the uncoated bare metal stents. These data provide the first indication of the potential feasibility of graphene-based materials as coatings on implantable coronary artery stents.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":201021072,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3022343047","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2018-BCS.106","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Periods of widespread abundance of calcified cyanobacteria in marine environments are here termed cyanobacterial calcification episodes (CCEs). Intense such episodes occurred in the Cambrian-early Ordovician, Late Devonian and Mid-Late Triassic. Mild episodes occurred during the Early Carboniferous and Jurassic-Early Cretaceous. Possible episodes during parts of the Silurian and Permian await confirmation. Cyanobacterial calcification is not obligate but is dependent upon environmental factors favouring carbonate precipitation. Cyanobacterial calcification episodes are therefore interpreted as reflecting periods of increased marine carbonate precipitation. This is supported by the general abundance of marine carbonate cements and oolites during cyanobacterial calcification episodes. Cyanobacterial calcification episodes correspond with Phanerozoic periods for which elevated global temperatures have been inferred. They do not appear to correlate closely with inferred changes in aragonite\/calcite facilitation (the Sandberg curve) and PCO2 through time. It is concluded that variations in the precipitation rates of abiotic and quasi-abiotic marine carbonates through time have been controlled primarily by temperature. The mineralogy of these precipitates appears instead to have been mainly influenced by PCO2 and the Mg\/Ca ratio, also linked to sea-level through plate tectonic processes. Thus, the controls on rate and mineralogy of precipitation were independent of one another.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":128799540,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1988553425","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1144\/gsjgs.149.6.0979","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The use of dried blood spot (DBS) specimens in quantitative alpha1-antitrypsin (alpha1-AT) detection or genetic analysis is limited because protein levels in the samples are low and they contain components that can interfere with polymerase chain reaction amplification. A methodological adaptation was developed to overcome these drawbacks which is discussed here. The study population consisted of 200 healthy volunteers and 300 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). DBS specimens were tested for alpha1-AT concentration using a modified nephelometric assay and phenotyped with an isoelectric focusing method. Genetic diagnosis was established by deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing using a simple purification procedure to remove contaminants. The nephelometric method showed a detection limit of 0.284 mg x dL(-1), corresponding to a serum concentration of 13 mg x dL(-1). The correlation coefficient between alpha1-AT concentrations in DBS versus serum samples was R2=0.8674 (p<0.0001). All 200 healthy individuals had DBS alpha1-AT concentrations >1.9 mg x dL(-1), corresponding to 114 mg x dL(-1) in serum samples. One hundred and twenty-five COPD patients (42%) showed alpha1-AT values <1.8 mg x dL(-1). Twenty patients with the PIZ phenotype had alpha1-AT values lower than 0.64 mg x dL(-1). On the basis of genotyping, one COPD patient was classified as heterozygous (PIMM(heerlen)). Selective elution of contaminants resulted in optimal alpha(1)1-antitrypsin genotyping. Because of its sensitivity and excellent correlation with the standard method, the dried blood spot quantitative assay is a reliable tool for routine measurement of alpha1-antitrypsin.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":15213936,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2125234187","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.01521.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/erj.ersjournals.com\/content\/erj\/15\/6\/1111.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Buy price auctions merge a posted price option with a standard bidding mechanisms, and have been used by various online auction sites including eBay and General Motors Assistance Corporation. A buyer in a buy price auction can accept the buy price to win with certainty and end the auction early. Intuitively, the buy price option may appeal to bidders who are risk averse or impatient to obtain the good, and a number of authors have examined how such mechanisms can increase the seller's expected revenue over standard auctions. We show that data from buy price auctions can be used to identify bidders' risk aversion and time preferences. We develop a private value model of bidder behavior in a buy price auction with a temporary buy price. Bidders arrive stochastically over time, and the auction proceeds as a second\u2010price sealed bid auction after the buy price disappears. Upon arrival, a bidder in our model is allowed to act immediately (i.e., accept the buy price if it is still available or place a bid) or wait and act later. Allowing for general forms of risk aversion and impatience, we first characterize equilibria in cutoff strategies and describe conditions under which all symmetric pure\u2010strategy subgame\u2010perfect Bayesian Nash equilibria are in cutoff strategies. Given sufficient exogenous variation in auction characteristics such as reserve and buy prices and in auction lengths, we then show that the arrival rate, valuation distribution, utility function, and time\u2010discounting function in our model are all nonparametrically identified. We also develop extensions of the identification results for cases where the variation in auction characteristics is more limited.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":2507399,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2768807243","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3982\/QE469","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The AWI Network Antarctica is a small network around the German research base Neumayer III in Dronning Maud Land, a coastal region in the East Antarctic. The main purpose is the detection of regional earthquakes within the Antarctic plate. Antarctica is believed to be seismically inactive, but the global distribution of seismographic stations poorly covers the pole regions, therefore small earthquakes remain undetected. \n \nEnvironmental conditions in Antarctica are severe: Wind speeds up to 150 km\/h and temperatures below -50\u00b0 C. Retrieving continuous data at these conditions is challenging. The main problem is the power supply during the polar winter, when no solar energy is available. Wind generators are used as alternative, but shut down during storms. Additionally, cold batteries are difficult to charge. \n \nThe network consists of three online stations (VNA1-3) in the vicinity of Neumayer Station and several offline stations in the larger region. The three online stations are within radio distance of Neumayer and can be maintained during the winter. One of them has an additional array of 15 one-component seismometers for more sensitive detection and to provide addional slowness and azimuth values for improving localization. Data from the offline stations is retrieved once a year and subsequently added to the database. \nThe online stations are equipped with Kinemetrics Q330, while the offline stations are REFTEK recorders (RT130). \n \nThe Antelope real time system acquires the online stations and stations from other networks in Antarctica. Due to the low number of stations and weather conditions, data has to be manually revised, picked and localized by the station staff.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":127257306,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"774152975","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, it is aimed at the agricultural soil after harvest in WeiNan and its surrounding countries, researching the importance of the iron element in soil, animals and plants. organic substance content low, and the iron content also generally low. It can be broadly ranked as following: Pucheng > Fuping > Hancheng > Dali > Tongguan . The distribution of iron content of agricultural soil over the Weinna area, that is to say, is the East south low and increasing from the Eastsouth (Tongguan) to the other neighboring countries. And to some extent there minimum and maximum in each county. Natural conditions and human factors contributed to the differences in soil iron content and distribution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136849720,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2046592063","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.268-270.446","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Recently, turfgrass breeders have developed many improved turf-type tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) cultivars. Due to the large number of cultivars currently available to turfgrass managers and researchers, we have classified turf-type tall fescue cultivars into six groups based primarily on several morphological measurements. This type of classification is important for turfgrass breeders because many breeding decisions are made based on observations in a spaced-plant nursery. The major objective of this study was to classify tall fescue cultivars and selections based on spaced-plant measurements and to then compare those results with turf performance. A spaced-plant nursery consisting of 36 cultivars and selections was established in September 1998 at Adelphia, N.J. Plant height, panicle length, flag leaf width and length, subtending leaf width and length, and subtending internode length were measured 10 days after anthesis in 1999 and 2000. Additionally, a turf trial was established at North Brunswick, N.J., that included the same 36 cultivars and selections. The turf plots were evaluated for several traits including overall turfgrass quality, density, and susceptibility to brown patch disease. Based on principal component analysis of morphological measurements, along with turf trial data, all cultivars and selections were assigned to one of six groups: forage, early-standard, standard, early semi-dwarf, semi-dwarf, and dwarf. In turf plots, the semi-dwarf, early-semi dwarf, and dwarf groups were the top- performing types in terms of overall turfgrass quality, and the forage and early-standard cultivars had the lowest overall quality ratings. The dwarf types did not perform well under summer stress, especially in terms of brown patch disease incidence. The results of this study suggest that when developing cultivars for higher maintenance situations, turf-type tall fescue breeders should focus on the development of semi-dwarf cultivars.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":86752214,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2102157211","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21273\/HORTSCI.39.3.615","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\nExtended-spectrum-\u03b2-lactamase-producing, carbapenemase-producing, and colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E, CPE, and Col-E) are multiresistant pathogens that are increasingly being encountered in both human and veterinary medicine. In this review, we discuss the frequency, sources, and significance of the zoonotic transmission of these pathogens between animals and human beings.\n\n\nMETHODS\nThis review is based on pertinent publications retrieved by a selective literature search. Findings for Germany are presented in the global context.\n\n\nRESULTS\nESBL-E are common in Germany in both animals and human beings, with a 6-10% colonization rate in the general human population. A major source of ESBL-E is human-tohuman transmission, partly through travel. Some colonizations are of zoonotic origin (i.e., brought about by contact with animals or animal-derived food products); in the Netherlands, more than 20% of cases are thought to be of this type. CPE infections, on the other hand, are rare in Germany in both animals and human beings. Their main source in human beings is nosocomial transmission. Col-E, which bear mcr resistance genes, have been described in Germany mainly in food-producing animals and their meat. No representative data are available on Col-E in human beings in Germany; in Europe, the prevalence of colonization is less than 2%, with long-distance travel as a risk factor. The relevance of animals as a source of Col-E for human beings is not yet entirely clear.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nLivestock farming and animal contact affect human colonization with the multiresistant Gram-negative pathogens CPE, ESBL-E and Col-E to differing extents. Improved prevention will require the joint efforts of human and veterinary medicine.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":233026496,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3238\/arztebl.m2021.0184","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8647294","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Occupational stress research has consistently demonstrated many negative effects of work stressors on employee adjustment (i.e., job-related attitudes and health). Considerable literature also describes potential moderators of this relationship. While research has revealed that different workplace identifications can have significant positive effects on employee adjustment, it has neglected to investigate their potential stress-buffering effects. Based on identity theories, it was predicted that stress-buffering effects of different types of identifications (distal versus proximal) would be revealed when the identification type and employee adjustment outcome type (distal versus proximal) were congruent. Predictions were tested with an employee sample from five human service nonprofit organizations (N = 337). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that main and moderated effects relating to identification supported the notion that occupational stress would be reduced when there was congruence of distal and proximal identifications and distal and proximal outcome types. However, stress-buffering effects were also found for high identifiers and low identifiers that were not in line with hypotheses posing questions for the definitions of distal and proximal identifications. Findings are discussed in terms of theoretical and practical implications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":142794269,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2154633485","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/HRM.21598","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Effective and accurate use of routinely collected health data to produce Key Performance Indicator reporting is dependent on the underlying data quality. In this research, Process Mining methodology and tools were leveraged to assess the data quality of time-based Emergency Department data sourced from electronic health records. This research was done working closely with the domain experts to validate the process models. The hospital patient journey model was used to assess flow abnormalities which resulted from incorrect timestamp data used in time-based performance metrics. The research demonstrated process mining as a feasible methodology to assess data quality of time-based hospital performance metrics. The insight gained from this research enabled appropriate corrective actions to be put in place to address the data quality issues.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":30744544,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2411138031","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/1460458215604348","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although there is a substantial amount of linguistic research on standard language acquisition, little attention has been given to the mechanisms underlying second dialect acquisition. Using a combination of function-based grammar and sociolinguistic methodology to analyze topic marking strategies, the unguided acquisition of a standard by speakers of nonstandard varieties is examined in two distinct linguistic and geographical situations: in a Caribbean creole situation (Belize), with special attention to the acquisition of acrolects by native speakers of basilects, and in a noncreole situation (PRC), documenting the acquisition of standard Chinese (Putonghua) by speakers of nonstandard varieties represented in Cultural Revolution literature, Wuhan Chinese, and Suzhou Wu story-telling style. In both cases psychosocial factors, linguistic bias toward nonnative renderings of the standard varieties, the social status of their speakers, and related political and educational consequences play an important role in the development of second dialects. The broad-ranging analysis of a single feature of oral discourse leads to the formulation of cross-linguistic generalizations in acquisition studies and results in an evaluation of the putative uniqueness of creole languages. Related issues addressed include the effect of linguistic bias on the development and use of language varieties by marginalized groups; the interaction of three major language components \u2014 semantics, syntax, and pragmatics \u2014 in spontaneous communication; and the development of methods to identify discourse units. The ultimate goal underlying the comparison of specific discourse variables in Belizean and Chinese standard acquisition is to evaluate the relative merits of substratal, superstratal, and universal explanations in language development.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":144840322,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2031228458","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/417399","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Traditional biomedical models are easy to manage in experimental facilities and allow fast and affordable basic genetic studies related to human disorders, but in some cases they do not always represent the complexity of their physiology. Translational medicine demands selected models depending on the particularities of the human disease to be investigated, reproducing as closely as possible the evolution, clinical symptoms and molecular pathways, cells or tissues involved in the dysfunction. Thus, pig models offer an alternative because of their anatomical and physiological similarities to humans and the availability of genomic, transcriptomic and, progressively more, proteomic tools for analysis of this species. Furthermore, there is a wide range of natural, selected and transgenic porcine breeds. The present review provides a summary of the applications of the pig as a model for metabolic, cardiovascular, infectious diseases, xenotransplantation and neurological disorders and an overview of the possibilities that the diverse proteomic techniques offer to study these pathologies in depth.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":31545464,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2013606469","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201300099","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background and aims Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in serum is considered a decisive diagnostic test for SLE. ANA negative SLE is a subgroup of SLE that is infrequently recognised. We report an unusual case of seronegative SLE which presented as rapidly progressive renal failure with no other systemic manifestations. Methods 34\u2009year old female presented with fever, nephrotic range proteinuria and rapidly progressive renal failure. She did not have any other systemic features of SLE. Her clinical, biochemical and serological findings are as shown in table 1. She had low complementemia, but her ANA, ANA profile including anti double stranded DNA (anti- dsDNA) antibodies and anti cardiolipin antibody was negative.Renal biopsy on light microscopy showed diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis with a full house on immunofluorescence including C1q consistent with class 4\u2009lupus nephritis (Figure 1). A diagnosis of ANA negative renal limited lupus nephritis was made. Abstract 374 Table 1 Abstract 374 Figure 1 Results She was treated with pulse methyl prednisolone followed by oral steroids1mg\/kg\/day and pulse cyclophosphamide 500\u2013750\u2009mg\/m2 body surface area as per NIH protocol. She recovered completely and is on follow-up for two years. She has remained persistently negative for all ANA antibodies including anti-dsDNA antibodies. Conclusions Ours is an unusual case of ANA negative renal limited lupus nephritis. The low complement levels, full house nephropathy in immunofluorescence and response to therapy were important clues in diagnosing the case. We report this patient to highlight the possibility of SLE in seronegative patients as well in order to avoid delay in the management.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":261747506,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2017-000215.374","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/lupus.bmj.com\/content\/lupusscimed\/4\/Suppl_1\/A167.3.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents the curricular design of an integrated course of Physics and Mathematics for first-year engineering students at a large private university in northern Mexico. The innovation includes the redesign course content, teaching strategies, classroom environment, technology, and evaluation. Richard Feynman stated \"The rules that describe nature seem to be mathematical\". This curricular design uses mathematical laws to study physical phenomena so students can make strong predictions. This combination of mathematical and physical content uses mathematics as a powerful tool that offers the concepts and operations needed to analyze and understand physical models. The main pedagogical approach is modeling by instruction, in which students are actively engage in the processes of conjecturing, testing and thinking revision. The classroom setting consists of round tables that accommodate nine students arranged in groups of three. This setting fosters group interaction, promotes communication, empowers students, and in turn facilitates the development of learning skills such as argumentation and self-regulation. The variety of technological tools and equipment available in the classroom facilitate students' investigation of various models that were constructed based on their own observations and measurements. This is an ongoing project. This paper compares the grades of freshmen who took the integrated physics-math course and those who enrolled in separate math and physics courses. It will also present the authors' conclusions about engineering students' learning and attitudes towards physics and math, and competencies fostered by the curricular design and classroom setting.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":63141322,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2385945758","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.18260\/1-2--19780","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18260\/1-2--19780","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The study was undertaken to evaluate liquid based cytology (Pap spin) and to compare the sensitivity of Pap spin with conventional Pap smear. Pap smears were taken from 160 patients with gynaecologic complaints with Ayre's spatula and endocervical cytobrush and slides prepared. The residual material on both the spatula and cytobrush were rinsed in Pap spin collection fluid and centrifuged. Direct smears were prepared from the cell button, fixed and stained by Papanicolaou stain. Colposcopy was performed in patients with abnormal smears and biopsy was performed in suspected malignant or dysplastic cases. LSIL and HSIL was diagnosed in 27 (64.4%) cases, mostly between 21-40 years, Commonest presenting complaint was discharge per vaginum seen in 68 (42.5%) cases. Cytological abnormality was found in 42 cases (26.2%) by Pap spin method, whereas conventional Pap smear detected abnormality in only 24 cases (15%). 133 cases (83.1%) were satisfactory for evaluation on Pap spin and 51 cases (31.9%) on conventional Pap smear. The commonest atypical finding on colposcopy was acetowhite area in 14 cases (31.1%). Sensitivity of Pap spin and conventional Pap smear was 97.6% and 53.7% respectively and specificity was 50% in each. Pap spin is strongly advocated in the best interest of public health as it improves the sample quality and reduces the likelihood of false negative results.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":29826952,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2149183446","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9371.41888","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"China's poultry production and consumption are growing rapidly, but rising input costs could slow its development. Increases in corn and soybean prices and wages are partially transmitted to rising retail chicken prices in China. Corn and soybean meal appear to be substitutes, and corn prices have a stronger impact on chicken prices than does the price of soybean meal. Modest technical change impacts partly offset the effect of rising input prices. Rising grain prices and wages, reinforced by Chinese currency appreciation, are eroding the international competitiveness of the Chinese poultry industry","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":153419275,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1914297329","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22004\/AG.ECON.207007","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Baillonella toxisperma Pierre oil is an edible oil obtained from the seeds of wildly growing timber producing B. toxisperma tree species in Cameroon and the rest of the Congo Basin forests of West and Central Africa. This oil can be an important source of fat that can be used as a source of food to humans and\/or a source of raw materials in the cosmetics, pharmaceutical and nutraceutical industries, to produce important commercial products. In the present study, samples of the seeds of B. toxisperma were harvested from three representative villages, each from the site in South and East of Cameroon. Seed oil was extracted using the traditional extraction method of B. toxisperma oils in rural Cameroon. Physico-chemical characteristics including colour, refractive index, viscosity, oil yield, acid value, peroxide value, saponification value, iodine value and \u03b1-tocopherols and fatty acid composition of crude oil of B. toxisperma nuts were all investigated. The oil yields from these seeds ranged from 38.2% to 45.6%. The peroxide, saponification and iodine values ranged from 2.13 to 2.69mEq\/kg, 182.13 to 188.30 mg KOH\/g and 54.41 to 57.98 I2g\/100g, respectively. The highest acid value and \u03b1- tocopherols were 14.87 mg KOH\/g and 24.3 mg\/100g, respectively. The main fatty acids of Baillonella toxisperma Pierre oils were oleic, stearic and palmitic acids. Linoleic acid contents varied between 58.6% and 56.97%. The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids content in these oils was 2:1. The fact that the physico-chemical characteristics and fatty acid profile are comparable to common vegetable oils shows that the B. toxisperma oil of the researched species from Cameroon is a potential source of valuable oil which might be used for edible, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and other industrial applications. This characterization is a bench mark for monitoring the quality of Baillonella toxisperma Pierre oil, from Cameroon and can be used to enhance its local and international trade. Keywords: Congo Basin, Baillonella toxisperma Pierre Oil, Fatty Acid, Physicochemical","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":79598646,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2770862588","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.18697\/ajfand.80.16965","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18697\/ajfand.80.16965","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We investigate the physical processes that occur during the sequestration of CO2 in brine-bearing geologic formations using TOUGH2. An equation of state package that treats a two-phase (liquid, gas), three-component (water, salt, and CO2) system is employed. CO2 is injected in a supercritical state that has a much lower density and viscosity than the liquid brine it displaces. In situ, the supercritical CO2 forms a gas-like phase, and also partially dissolves in the aqueous phase. Chemical reactions between CO2 and rock minerals that could potentially contribute to mineral trapping of CO2 are not included. The geological setting considered is a fluvial\/deltaic formation that is strongly heterogeneous, making preferential flow a significant effect, especially when coupled with the strong buoyancy forces acting on the gas-like CO2 plume. Key model development concerns include vertical and lateral grid resolution, grid orientation effects, and the choice of characteristic curves","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":201852933,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Stranger-Kings of Sikka is the first monographic study of an origin myth and history of an indigenous eastern Indonesian state and the first contemporary ethnography of the Ata Sikka of Flores.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":5,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":164046321,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2491997201","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1163\/9789004253773_008","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Background: Ocular toxoplasmosis is the leading cause of infectious posterior uveitis worldwide, accounting for 30-50% of all cases in immunocompetent patients. Conventional treatment is associated with adverse effects and does not prevent recurrence. Intravitreal drug administration can improve disease outcomes and reduce side effects. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of intravitreal injections for treating ocular toxoplasmosis. Methods: The systematic search was conducted using PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar with the descriptors \"ocular toxoplasmosis\" AND \"intravitreal\". We analyzed studies that met the inclusion criteria, i.e., experimental cases in patients treated intravitreally for ocular toxoplasmosis. Considering the systematic review, we focused on the number of intravitreal injections, the therapeutic drug class, and the presence of preexisting conditions. To assess the efficacy of intravitreal injections, a meta-analysis was performed using visual acuity, side effects, disease recurrence, and inflammatory responses as variables. Results: Intravitreal injection-induced side effects were rarely observed (0.49% [0.00, 1.51%] ). The use of antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory drugs afforded improved visual acuity (99.81% [98.60, 100.00%]) and marked effectiveness in treating ocular toxoplasmosis. Conclusions: Intravitreal injections may facilitate the successful treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis. However, clinicians should carefully evaluate the presence of preexisting conditions for ocular toxoplasmosis or previous diseases, as these can impact the decision to administer intravitreal injections.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":258856988,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1590\/0037-8682-0552-2022","PubMedCentral":"10204153","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/rsbmt\/a\/Hk5ZN34qgDx8sn85TjGLCkb\/?lang=en&format=pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The influence of shear-layer jet interaction on the flow structure generation with multiple jets in supersonic crossflow is investigated by Large Eddy Simulations (LES). A duct geometry is investigated,where the supersonic crossflow evolves in a rather sharp transition between the straight convergent and divergent section and therefore shocks establish. The jet origin location in the divergent section of the duct relative to the narrowest cross-section is significant for the shock pattern structure and the interaction point between the established separation bubble and the jets. The interaction of the separation bubble and the jets plays an important role for the flow structure generation by the jets.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":115294342,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"40173748","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Being accurate, efficient, and compact is essential to a facial landmark detector for practical use. To simultaneously consider the three concerns, this paper investigates a neat model with promising detection accuracy under wild environments e.g., unconstrained pose, expression, lighting, and occlusion conditions) and super real-time speed on a mobile device. More concretely, we customize an end-to-end single stage network associated with acceleration techniques. During the training phase, for each sample, rotation information is estimated for geometrically regularizing landmark localization, which is then NOT involved in the testing phase. A novel loss is designed to, besides considering the geometrical regularization, mitigate the issue of data imbalance by adjusting weights of samples to different states, such as large pose, extreme lighting, and occlusion, in the training set. Extensive experiments are conducted to demonstrate the efficacy of our design and reveal its superior performance over state-of-the-art alternatives on widely-adopted challenging benchmarks, i.e., 300W (including iBUG, LFPW, AFW, HELEN, and XM2VTS) and AFLW. Our model can be merely 2.1Mb of size and reach over 140 fps per face on a mobile phone (Qualcomm ARM 845 processor) with high precision, making it attractive for large-scale or real-time applications. We have made our practical system based on PFLD 0.25X model publicly available at \\url{this http URL} for encouraging comparisons and improvements from the community.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-18":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":67856523,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2915352401","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1902.10859"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In an effort to clarify the reported correlation between breadth of categorization and quantitative aptitude, the Pettigrew category-width task was administered along with three specially-constructed quantitative aptitude tests\u2014one having a multiple-choice format with widely-spaced alternatives, one a multiple-choice format with narrowly-spaced alternatives, and one a free-response format. Preference for broad category widths was only marginally related to the free-response quantitative test but was substantially related to the form with widely-spaced alternatives. The negligible correlation between category-width preferences and the narrowly-spaced quantitative form suggests that the narrow spacing penalizes the broad categorizer by disrupting the \"approximation\" strategy he may tend to employ on a multiple-choice quantitative test.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":6830644,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2162186135","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1965.20.2.493","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Postoperative pain creates complications by increasing circulating level of catecholamines and systemic vascular resistance, thus putting the patients on increased risks of having stroke and myocardial infarction. In addition, it increases hospital stay, causing burden over economic as well as healthcare infrastructure. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of pain in the postoperative period while using Pregabalin as pre-medication among patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Material and Methods: The randomized control trail was conducted at Department of Anesthesiology, Holy Family hospital, Rawalpindi from 1st Sept 2015 to 28th Feb 2016 over a period of 6 months. A total of 200 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly divided in group A and B by consecutive non-probability lottery method. Group A received 100 mg oral Pregabalin 1 hour before surgery and Group B were not given Pregabalin and were taken as controls. Post-operative pain was measured by visual analog scale (VAS) in terms of pain scores at 4 hours postoperatively after the arrival of patient in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU). SPSS version 17.0 was used to analyze the data.Results: A total of 200 patients were included in the study. There were 100 patients in each group. Based on the visual analog pain scores, 9 patients were pain free in group A compared with none in group B. Similarly, there were 55 patients in group A, who reported a pain score of 1 whereas no patient in group B had a VAS score of 1. There were 29 patients in group A and only 3 patients in group B with VAS score of 2 (90.6% vs. 9.4%). For VAS score of 3, there were 6 patients in group A and 34 patients from group B (15% vs. 85%). For a VAS score of 4, there were 1 patient in group A and 61 patients in group B (1.6% vs. 98.4%). Two patients in group B experienced a VAS score of 5. All this data was significant with chi square p value of 0.0001.Conclusion: Oral Pregabalin administered prior to laparoscopic cholecystectomy was effective in reducing postoperative pain in the patients. Further studies are needed for post-operative evaluation of side effects, different dosing schedules at different time intervals for both rest and dynamic pain.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":199625465,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2962914861","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.35787\/JIMDC.V8I1.313","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Round Mountain serpentinite me lange, tectonically juxtaposed to the Franciscan Complex and to the Coast Range ophiolite, records structural and petrologic evidence for the tectonic processes that once affected late Mesozoic western North America. The melange mainly includes blocks of ultramafic and mafic compositions in a sheared ultramafic matrix. This matrix is thought to be essentially derived from shearing of highly serpentinized dunites, and more rarely harzburgites with or without clinopyroxene. Primary modal mineralogy of the ultramafic components, together with their spinel compositions and major and trace element chemistries, are consistent with both (1) backarc and (2) forearc and arc origins. Blocks of diabase, basaltic lavas, and rare gabbros display chemical characteristics similar to backarc magmas with specific Zr\/Y ratios. The medium-(Zr\/Y) group may be generated by \u223c23% of incremental melting from a fertile-mantle source. Rocks related to alkalic magmatism plot in the high-(Zr\/Y) group, whereas those influenced by arc processes correspond to the low-(Zr\/Y) group.\n\nOur data suggest that before the onset of the east-dipping Franciscan subduction, a Middle Jurassic backarc basin slightly affected by alkalic and arc-related magmatic processes (recorded by the first stage of the Coast Range ophiolite) lay west of the ensimatic Smartville island arc that was later involved in the Sierra Nevada orogeny. Subsequent collapse of the backarc basin initiated Franciscan subduction. The Late Jurassic arc and forearc domains (recorded by the second stage of the Coast Range ophiolite) were built on a part of this trapped backarc lithosphere. The Round Mountain serpentinite melange was formed by underthrusting of the upper part of the backarc crust followed by its tectonic accretion to the remaining backarc and the forearc- and arc-related mantle sections of the overriding lithospheric wedge.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":129217830,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2019523439","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(2002)114<0109:TRMSML>2.0.CO;2","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Syrian golden hamsters exhibit features of severe disease after SARS-CoV-2 WA1\/2020 challenge and are therefore useful models of COVID-19 pathogenesis and prevention with vaccines. Recent studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 infection stimulates type I interferon, myeloid, and inflammatory signatures similar to human disease and that weight loss can be prevented with vaccines. However, the impact of vaccination on transcriptional programs associated with COVID-19 pathogenesis and protective adaptive immune responses is unknown. Here we show that SARS-CoV-2 WA1\/2020 challenge in hamsters stimulates myeloid and inflammatory programs as well as signatures of complement and thrombosis associated with human COVID-19. Notably, immunization with Ad26.COV2.S, an adenovirus serotype 26 vector (Ad26)-based vaccine expressing a stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, prevents the upregulation of these pathways, such that the mRNA expression profiles of vaccinated hamsters are comparable to uninfected animals. Using proteomics profiling, we validated these findings in rhesus macaques challenged with SARS-CoV-2 WA1\/2020 or SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351. Finally, we show that Ad26.COV2.S vaccination induces T and B cell signatures that correlate with binding and neutralizing antibody responses weeks following vaccination. These data provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of Ad26.COV2.S protection against severe COVID-19 in animal models.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":248050485,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009990","PubMedCentral":"9020736","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plospathogens\/article\/file?id=10.1371\/journal.ppat.1009990&type=printable","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Muscular dystrophies are a diverse group of inherited muscle disorders with a wide range of clinical manifestations from a severe form with early onset and early death to adult forms with later onset and minimal clinical manifestation that do not affect life-span. Overlapping clinical symptoms and the multitude of genes that need to be analyzed for an accurate characterization make the diagnosis hard. In next-generation sequencing era, a lot of used assay in molecular diagnostics must be taken into consideration formuscular dystrophy diagnosis. However, formore accurate diagnosis, muscle protein expressions analysis may have prognostic value. In this chapter, we present the most important clinical and laboratory findings in the most common forms of muscular dystrophies and molecular diagnostic approaches for a more accurate diagnosis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":189454030,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2943544178","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5772\/INTECHOPEN.85339","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This collection explores the relationship between digital gaming and its cultural context by focusing on the burgeoning Asia-Pacific region. Encompassing key locations for global gaming production and consumption such as Japan, China, and South Korea, as well as increasingly significant sites including Australia and Singapore, the region provides a wealth of divergent examples of the role of gaming as a socio-cultural phenomenon. Drawing from micro ethnographic studies of specific games and gaming locales to macro political economy analyses of techno-nationalisms and trans-cultural flows, this collection provides an interdisciplinary model for thinking through the politics of gaming production, representation, and consumption in the region.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":129278452,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1844599288","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4324\/9780203875957","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Mixed tumors of the uterus vary markedly in structure, and for that reason some confusion has arisen in the terms used in discussing these growths. Theoretically any tumor of the uterus containing a t least one mesoblastic tissue foreign to those of the uterus belongs in this group. On the basis of such reasoning, lipomas, osteochondromas, and composite growths of carcinoma and sarcoma as reported by Jaff6 (6), Schiffmann (15)) and others, would be included. There seems to be no concise definition of the group. Perlstein (lo), Ritter (13), and Gamper (3) discuss these growths as mixed mesodermal or mesenchymal tumors of the uterus. They include the occasional tumors with epithelium but exclude those that are benign. Halter (5) spoke of heterotopic mixed tumors, irrespective of embryonal origin or structural characteristics, while Jones (7) and Cox and Benischek (1) chose the descriptive term, \"sarcoma botryoides.\" Others designate the tumors as rhabdomyosarcoma and chondromyxosarcoma. In none of the reports has much consideration been given to the mono-, bior tridermal composition of these bizarre tumors-factors concerned with origin-or has the dearth of epithelial derivatives been especially emphasized. There is such a wide variety of mixed tumors, each individually different, that it is possible here to indicate only their more important features. Tumors of the uterus commonly referred to as \"mixed\" are of more complex structure and usually contain sarcoma-like tissues. Petersen (11) collected thirty fatty tumors of the uterus, but these generally are not considered complex enough to be included in the mixed group: they are seldom malignant and only occasionally contain striated muscle, cartilage, or embryonic myxomatous tissue. Other simple mesoblastic tissues, as the angiomas, and the more complex teratomas are excluded, as are the atypical growths of the cervix described by Geller (4), which contain only modified epithelium.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":6046405,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The demand for running complex applications on smart mobile devices is rapidly increasing. However, the limitations of resources are restricting the development of intensive applications on these devices. The restrictions can be overcome by offloading the computation of an application in the powerful cloud servers. The objective of the computation offloading is to offload the parts of an application to the cloud server to minimize the response time, energy consumption and monetary cost of the application. Unlike prior work in computation offloading, this work considers the effect of parallel execution\u2014on different devices (external parallelism) and on the different cores of a single device (internal parallelism). This work models each device as a multi-server queueing station. It uses genetic algorithm to determine the near-optimal offloading allocation. The results show that considering the effect of parallel execution yields better pareto-optimal solution for the allocation problem compared to excluding parallelism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":241100968,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.32920\/ryerson.14661825.v1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/rshare.library.ryerson.ca\/articles\/thesis\/The_effect_of_parallel_execution_on_multi-site_computation_offloading_in_mobile_cloud_computing\/14661825\/1\/files\/28146057.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Thirty-three pigs in three groups of nineteen, ten, and four pigs were infected with three different African swine fever (ASF) virus isolates, respectively. All virus isolates were attenuated to varying degrees by passaging in cell cultures, and they retained sufficiently low virulence to produce subacute and chronic infections in pigs. Sera collected at various intervals were tested for antibody activity by the immunoelectroosmophoresis, agar gel diffusion precipitin, and complement-fixation tests using a modified Kolmer technique. Results clearly indicated that the immunoelectroosmophoresis test is a rapid (30 minute) and accurate method with extreme sensitivity and superior to the complement-fixation and agar gel diffusion precipitin tests in detecting antibody against ASF virus. Possible use of this method in detecting ASF virus infection is suggested.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":25064549,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Large vertebrate herbivores, as well as plant-soil feedback interactions are important drivers of plant performance, plant community composition and vegetation dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. However, it is poorly understood whether and how large vertebrate herbivores and plant-soil feedback effects interact. Here, we study the response of grassland plant species to grazing-induced legacy effects in the soil and we explore whether these plant responses can help us to understand long-term vegetation dynamics in the field. In a greenhouse experiment we tested the response of four grassland plant species, Agrostis capillaris, Festuca rubra, Holcus lanatus and Rumex acetosa, to field-conditioned soils from grazed and ungrazed grassland. We relate these responses to long-term vegetation data from a grassland exclosure experiment in the field. In the greenhouse experiment, we found that total biomass production and biomass allocation to roots was higher in soils from grazed than from ungrazed plots. There were only few relationships between plant production in the greenhouse and the abundance of conspecifics in the field. Spatiotemporal patterns in plant community composition were more stable in grazed than ungrazed grassland plots, but were not related to plant-soil feedbacks effects and biomass allocation patterns. We conclude that grazing-induced soil legacy effects mainly influenced plant biomass allocation patterns, but could not explain altered vegetation dynamics in grazed grasslands. Consequently, the direct effects of grazing on plant community composition (e.g. through modifying light competition or differences in grazing tolerance) appear to overrule indirect effects through changes in plant-soil feedback.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":86822741,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2110556596","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1600-0706.2013.01077.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Current research focuses on the experimental and numerical determination of impact performance of engineered cementitious composites (ECC). Performance assessment of ECC beams with different mixture parameters was made. Mixtures were produced with different replacement rates of Class\u2010F fly ash and slag with Portland cement, water to binder ratios and fiber types (polyvinyl alcohol [PVA] and nylon [N]). Experimental works were validated with incremental dynamic analyses performed by ABAQUS finite element software. Impact testing results were further supported by mechanical property results. Results reveal that each individual mixture parameter used is distinctively effective in modifying the properties under both sudden impact and slow static loading. In brief, enhanced impact resistance is noted when ECC is produced with slag, low amounts of pozzolanic materials, low W\/B ratio, fiber addition and PVA fibers. Experimental results were also in line with the numerical results from ABAQUS largely. Significantly, cost\u2010effective N fibers were also shown to be fully replaceable with costly PVA fibers without jeopardizing mechanical\/impact performance, if mixture design parameters are adjusted suitably. Current research is likely to attract further research on the development of ECC that is with lower cost and comparable impact\/mechanical performance with regards to widely studied more expensive counterparts in the literature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":208830318,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2981352616","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/suco.201900125","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Who participates in transactions when information about the consequences must be learned? We show theoretically that decision makers for whom acquiring and processing information is more costly not only respond more strongly to changes in incentive payments for participating but also decide to participate based on worse information. With higher payments, the pool of participants consists of a larger proportion of individuals who have a worse understanding of the consequences of their decision. We conduct a behavioral experiment that confirms these predictions, both for experimental variation in the costs of information acquisition and for various measures of information costs, including school grades and cognitive ability. These findings are relevant for any transaction combining a payment for participation with uncertain yet learnable consequences.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":169863597,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2804198499","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/SSRN.3154197","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Having access to accurate confidence levels along with the predictions allows to determine whether making a decision is worth the risk. Under the Bayesian paradigm, the posterior distribution over parameters is used to capture model uncertainty, a valuable information that can be translated into predictive uncertainty. However, computing the posterior distribution for high capacity predictors, such as neural networks, is generally intractable, making approximate methods such as variational inference a promising alternative. While most methods perform inference in the space of parameters, we explore the benefits of carrying inference directly in the space of predictors. Relying on a family of distributions given by a deep generative neural network, we present two ways of carrying variational inference: one in \\emph{parameter space}, one in \\emph{predictor space}. Importantly, the latter requires us to choose a distribution of inputs, therefore allowing us at the same time to explicitly address the question of \\emph{out-of-distribution} uncertainty. We explore from various perspectives the implications of working in the predictor space induced by neural networks as opposed to the parameter space, focusing mainly on the quality of uncertainty estimation for data lying outside of the training distribution. We compare posterior approximations obtained with these two methods to several standard methods and present results showing that variational approximations learned in the predictor space distinguish themselves positively from those trained in the parameter space.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":263882689,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3094065920","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the presented study, thirty-two natural extracts obtained from lichen species; P. reticulatum, P. tinctorum, Herpothallon sp., H. leucomelos, R. celastri, Leptogium sp. and P. crinitum, were evaluated for their bactericidal activity against three gram positive and three gram negative human pathogens. The investigation was performed by agar-disc diffusion assay and bactericidal activity of each lichen extract was measured using zone of inhibition. It was observed that methanol lichen extracts had the maximum efficacy whereas hexane extracts had the least bactericidal potential. Overall, P. reticulatum found to be the most anti-bacterial effective species and C. subradiata was the least potent species. According to all the result, it was concluded that these lichen species can be studied further as great source of bactericidal agents due to their high potency as antibiotics in in vitro models.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":91050992,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2606112854","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Thin-walled aluminum alloy tubes can be used as rigid sampling tubes in aerospace and geological exploration and other scientific researches. In order to ensure the scientific value of samples and isolate the external environment, two sealing ends of the rigid sampling tubes are required. In this paper, the sealing-spinning process is adopted to form two sealing ends of the thin-walled aluminum alloy tubes. The results show that rigid sampling tubes with good sealing quality can be formed by controlling the main technical parameters of sealing-spinning process. And the relationships between spinning load and feed rate of roller, spinning load and shape of roller, reducing ratio of wall thickness and feed rate of roller are found.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137366229,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2071997163","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.221.259","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Tissue fusion, the morphogenic process by which epithelial sheets are drawn together and sealed, has been extensively studied in Drosophila. However, there are unique features of mammalian tissue fusion that remain poorly understood. Notably, detachment and apoptosis occur at the leading front in mammals but not in invertebrates. We found that in the mouse embryo, expression of the Nf2 tumor suppressor, merlin, is dynamically regulated during tissue fusion: Nf2 expression is low at the leading front before fusion and high across the fused tissue bridge. Mosaic Nf2 mutants exhibit a global defect in tissue fusion characterized by ectopic detachment and increased detachment-induced apoptosis (anoikis). By contrast with core components of the junctional complex, we find that merlin is required specifically for the assembly but not the maintenance of the junctional complex. Our work reveals that regulation of Nf2 expression is a previously unrecognized means of controlling adhesion at the leading front, thereby ensuring successful tissue fusion.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":20119603,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1995487410","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0700044104","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.0700044104","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Over the last years, capabilities of robotic systems have quantitatively and qualitatively improved. But going beyond isolated robotic systems, the integration and interoperability of robotic capabilities in complex work processes remains a major challenge. This lack of tools to integrate robots needs to be addressed on technical, semantic and organizational level. In the ROBxTASK research project, we developed an approach to support cooperation between different types of users in order to enable domain experts, with no robotic know-how, to work with robot-assisted workflows. By engineering robotic skills at a useful and usable level of abstraction for experts in different domains, we aim to increase re-usability of these skills on two different levels, (robotic) device level, and on level of application specific workflows. The researched prototype consists of a web platform, which allows (a) engineers to register (robotic) devices and the implemented skills of the devices, (b) domain experts to use a graphical task design environment to create workflows across multiple robotic devices and lastly (c) robot co-workers to download and execute the workflow code in a local environment with digital twins or real robots. Additionally skills and workflows can be shared across organisations. Initial user studies have shown that the visual programming environment is accessible and the defined skill-set is easy to understand even for domain experts that are inexperienced in the field of robotics.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":2,"2024-22":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":258661222,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/asi6030056","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2571-5577\/6\/3\/56\/pdf?version=1684027343","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"EDITOR,-We wish to comment on the paper by Valdimarsson et al (Gut 1996; 38: 322-7) regarding osteopenia in adult coeliac disease. Their results agree with ours' 2 with regard to the frequency, the severity ofthe derangement of bone and mineral metabolism, and the effect of gluten free diet. There are, however, some significant discrepancies between their results and ours. The first and most evident discrepancy concerns coeliac patients without malabsorption symptoms who currently represent the majority of all diagnosed adult patients.3 In this group they did not find a lower degree of osteopenia compared with those complaining of diarrhoea or weight loss. We have now examined 57 consecutive untreated coeliac patients (median age 30 years, range 17-68), of whom 23 presented the classic symptoms ofmalabsorption and 34 were subclinical or had been identified during the serological screening of coeliac relatives, patients with iron deficiency anaemia, recurrent aphthous stomatitis or alopecia areata. Unlike Valdimarsson, subclinical patients showed a significantly higher age adjusted bone mineral density (p<0 0005) with respect to the coeliac patients with the classic disease, both at lumbar (-1-21 (0 97) v -2 32 (1-0) and femoral level (-1-31 (0-96) v -2-14 (0 92)). Moreover, the changes of the biochemical indices of bone metabolism and remodelling (strangely enough, these results were not provided by Valdimarsson) were significantly lower in our patients without diarrhoea or weight loss. The distinction between patients with and without malabsorption was made according to the same criteria adopted by Valdimarsson that is, the presence or absence of diarrhoea or weight loss. It is in fact difficult to explain his results. Although there is no doubt that osteopenia may also be present in patients without diarrhoea, it is difficult to believe that it could be present to the same extent as in patients with a significant degree of malabsorption. This is confirmed by the fact that their seven patients with dermatitis herpetiformis, a condition characterised by a less extensive enteropathy and consequently by mild or no symptoms of malabsorption, had normal bone mass. Mazure et al,4 who divided their patients in a similar way, obtained results that were the same as ours. Another important discrepancy concerns the relation between bone mass and age at diagnosis, which was lower in our patients (median 30 years, range 17-68) than in the study by Valdimarsson (median 53, range 17-79), but this merely accentuates the extent of this discrepancy. Valdimarsson, in fact, concludes that osteopenia represents a late complication of coeliac disease, occurring only after the third decade. This is not so in our experience nor in that of authors who have demonstrated osteopenia also in coeliac children.5 6 Our results show that 85% of patients diagnosed in their third decade fail to reach a normal peak bone mass and that other parameters such as the degree of physical activity and exposure to sunlight, the possible presence of amenorrhoea and, above all, nutritional status and the presence of malabsorption symptoms are more important than age in conditioning the presence of osteopenia.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":5270982,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2152400890","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/gut.39.3.496","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/gut.bmj.com\/content\/gutjnl\/39\/3\/496.1.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ti ion and C ion is implanted into AZ31 magnesium alloy surface by metal vapor vacuum arc (MEVVA) implanter operating with a modified cathode. This metal arc ion source has a broad beam and high current capabilities. Implantation energy is fixed at 45K eV and dose is 9\u00d71017 cm-2 and 3\u00d71017 cm-2 respectively. Through ion implantation, Ti ion implantation layer approximately 1000nm thick is directly formed on the surface of AZ31 magnesium alloy, by which its surface property is greatly improved. Microstructure, the component distribution and phase composition are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The property of hardness of the ion implantation layer was studied by HMV-1T Vickers micro hardness tester. The results show that Ti ion implantation layer of a magnesium alloy surface is mainly composed of TiO2, MgO and a little of TiO. The Ti-C double ions implantation layer is composed of MgO, TiC. The hardness of ion implantation layer is improved.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":137561574,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2074598629","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.373-374.342","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"New vertical seismic profiles from the northwest margin of the Sudbury impact structure provide details of structural geometries within the lower impact melt sheet (usually called the Sudbury Igneous Complex) and the sublayer norite layer. Vertical seismic profile sections and common depth point transformation images display several continuous reflections that correlate with faults and stratigraphic boundaries logged from drill cores. Of four possible mechanisms that explain repeated rock units, late-stage flow or normal faulting that occurred within the last layers to cool and crystallize might best explain the observations, especially the most prominent reflectors observed in the seismic data. These results reaffirm previously proposed two-stage cooling and deformation models for the impact melt sheet.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":140579180,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2039388243","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1139\/E02-013","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article reveals the similar and different word-formative types of feminine personal nouns in the Ukrainian and Polish languages, which were selected from the modern dictionaries and compared. Using lexicographic sources, corpora and statistics, the author tests the hypothesis of Polish influences on the word formation of Ukrainian feminine terms. As a result of the study, a possible Polish influence was found on the word-formative type of feminitives with -(\u0427)\u0418\u041d(\u042f), which testifies to the convergence of Ukrainian with West Slavic languages. At the same time, original Ukrainian feminine personal nouns are created mainly with the help of the formants -\u0418\u0426(\u042f) and -\u0418\u041d(\u042f), and these suffixes are added without alternation of consonants, which is more typical for newly coined Polish feminine terms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":252172672,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.19195\/0137-1150.176.8","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19195\/0137-1150.176.8","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Our goal in this study was to behaviorally characterize the property (or properties) that render negative quantifiers more complex in processing compared to their positive counterparts (e.g. the pair few\/many). We examined two sources: (i) negative polarity; (ii) entailment reversal (aka downward monotonicity). While negative polarity can be found in other pairs in language such as dimensional adjectives (e.g. the pair small\/large), only in quantifiers does negative polarity also reverse the entailment pattern of the sentence. By comparing the processing traits of negative quantifiers with those of non-monotone expressions that contain negative adjectives, using a verification task and measuring reaction times, we found that negative polarity is cognitively costly, but in downward monotone quantifiers it is even more so. We therefore conclude that both negative polarity and downward monotonicity contribute to the processing complexity of negative quantifiers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":127829313,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2921935588","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5334\/GJGL.770","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Depression is a common reaction to the vicissitudes of life among elderly people. Aged persons are physiologically and psychologically less able to adapt, yet they are required to change their life styles because of retirement, lowered financial resources, death of family and friends, and illness. Although many mental health professionals are reluctant to treat geropsychiatric patients, the prognosis for depressed patients can be good. Drug therapy is usually the most effective, although psychotherapy and other behavioral therapies may be used adjunctively. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) may be indicated for severely depressed patients. The beginning dosage of medication should be lower than for younger patients, and elderly patients must be monitored carefully for side effects. Adverse reactions due to multiple drug interactions are also possible. When aged persons become severely depressed, they are at high risk of suicide; almost all suicide attempts by elderly people are successful. Depression in later life is treatable, and the permission that often surrounds the prognosis for geropsychiatric patients is unwarranted.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":37427254,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-197504000-00019","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Background Itch, skin pain, and sleep disturbance are burdensome symptoms in atopic dermatitis (AD) that negatively influence a patient's quality of life (QoL). Objective To evaluate the impact of baricitinib on patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in adult patients with moderate-to-severe AD, and explore the association between improvement in key signs and symptoms of AD with improvements in QoL and patient's assessment of disease severity. Methods Data were analyzed from two phase III monotherapy trials (BREEZE-AD1\/BREEZE-AD2) in which patients were randomized 2:1:1:1 to once-daily placebo, baricitinib 1-mg, 2-mg, or 4-mg for 16 weeks and assessed using PRO measures. Results At week 16, baricitinib 4-mg and 2-mg significantly reduced itch severity (Itch Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) (BREEZE-AD1: percent change from baseline \u221236.6% and \u221229.4% vs. placebo (\u201312.0%), p\u2264.001 and p\u2264.05; BREEZE-AD2: \u221247.2% and \u221246.9% vs. placebo (\u201316.6%), p\u2264.001). Baricitinib significantly reduced SCORing AD (SCORAD) pruritus (4-mg in BREEZE-AD1 and 2-mg in BREEZE-AD2) and Patient Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) itch (both doses). Improvements in skin pain severity and sleep disturbance were also observed. Improvements in AD symptoms showed higher correlations with patients' assessment of AD severity and QoL than improvements in skin inflammation. Conclusions Baricitinib significantly improved symptoms in patients with moderate-to-severe AD. ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers NCT03334396 (BREEZE-AD1) and NCT03334422 (BREEZE-AD2).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":227134571,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3109355046","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/09546634.2020.1839008","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/09546634.2020.1839008?needAccess=true","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"More than 64 million pupils spend more time in school than in any other place except home in Europe (European Commission, 2014). The indoor air quality is often a challenge in existing school buildings and the lack of proper ventilation often leads to negative effects like increased absenteeism and sick building syndrome symptoms as well as lowered performance amongst students compared to new buildings. For this study a comparison of automated Natural Ventilation (NV), balanced Mechanical Ventilation (MV) with heat recovery and Hybrid Ventilation (HV) with heat recovery has been made by means of detailed modelling applied to an existing school building using the simulation program IESVE. The energy demand for heating and ventilating the building using the three different ventilation methods was calculated for three key European cities; Munich, Copenhagen and London. Control strategies were set to achieve the same indoor climate for all three ventilation systems, and the indoor climate targets were set according to European Standard EN 15251 (EN15251, 2007). The results show that the energy performance of the MV and NV systems are nearly the same in terms of primary energy, while demonstrating that HV enables energy savings of 44-52%. Total costs of the different systems including capital expenditure (products and installation), operation (electricity and heating) and maintenance over the first year and a 20 year life cycle were calculated. This showed that in the first year MV was 2.5 to 4 times more expensive than NV. By selecting HV and taking advantage of NV reducing the load on the mechanical ventilation, 25% of the cost could be saved compared to a pure MV system, and this was similar over a 20 year life cycle.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":211167672,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We have measured and calculated doubly differential single-ionization cross sections for 50{endash}150-keV {ital p}+He collisions as a function of the projectile energy loss and scattering angle. The measured cross sections were put on an absolute scale by normalizing the integrated cross sections to known total cross sections. Clear effects of the postcollision interaction (PCI) were observed in the scattered projectile spectra. Our singly differential cross sections as a function of projectile energy loss do not agree with corresponding cross sections obtained from electron spectroscopy. These discrepancies are attributed to the PCI. Our calculations including the PCI reproduce the shape of our data quite well; however, there are discrepancies in the absolute magnitude. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":29829929,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1988719182","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PHYSREVA.54.2951","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We report the synthesis of an original ligand scaffold based on a dimethyl-cyclen platform Medo2pa with two dithienylethene units attached to each picolinate arms and the corresponding yttrium(III), europium(III) and ytterbium(III) complexes. All three complexes show reversible photochromism with high photo-conversions. Photoluminescence experiments demonstrate that this design is versatile and adapted for both europium and ytterbium emission switching when measured in frozen organic glasses at 77 K.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":241466644,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.26434\/chemrxiv.12022776.v1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26434\/chemrxiv.12022776.v1","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"1. A Fifty Year Perspective on Chemistry in Water (R. Breslow). 1.1 Enzyme mimics and models. 1.1.1 Thiamine. 1.1.2 Cyclodextrins. 1.1.3 Cyclodextrins with bound metal ions. 1.1.4 Cyclodextrin dimers. 1.1.5 Ribonuclease mimics. 1.1.6 Transaminase mimics. 1.1.7 Cytochrome P-450 mimics. 1.2 Reactions in Water Promoted by Hydrophobic Binding of Small Molecules. 1.2.1 Diels-Alder reactions. 1.2.2 The benzoin condensation. 1.2.3 Atom transfer reactions. 1.3 Quantitative Antihydrophobic Effects in Water, and the Geometries of Transition States. 1.4 The Importance of Water as a Reaction Solvent. 2. Structure and Properties of Water (J. B. F. N. Engberts). 2.1 Water. The molecule and the liquid. 2.1.1 The single water molecule. 2.1.2 Liquid water. 2.2 Properties of water. 2.2.1 Solvent properties and parameters. 2.2.2 Thermodynamics of hydration. 2.2.3 Hydrophobic interactions. 2.3 Kinetic solvent effects in aqueous solutions. 3. Acid Catalysis in Water (C. Ogawa and S. Kobayashi). 3.1 Homogeneous catalysis. 3.1.1 Bronsted acid catalysis. 3.1.2 Lewis acid catalysis. 3.1.3 Asymmetric catalysis. 3.2 Heterogeneous catalysis. 3.2.1 Polymer-supported Bronsted catalysis. 3.2.2 Polymer-supported metal catalysis. 3.3 Micellar catalysis. 3.3.1 LASC (Lewis acid-surfactant combined catalyst). 3.3.2 BASC (Bronsted acid-surfactant combined-catalyst). 3.4 Conclusion. 4. Metal-Mediated C-C Bond Formations in Aqueous Media (C-J. Li). 4.1 Reactivity of organometallic compounds with water. 4.1.1 Carbon-metal bonding. 4.1.2 Carbon-metal hydrolysis. 4.1.3 Carbon-metal reactions. 4.1.4 C-C bond formations via carbon-metal reactions in water. 4.2 Allylation of carbonyls and imines. 4.2.1 Allylation of carbonyl compounds. 4.2.2 Allylation of imines and related compounds. 4.3 Propargylation\/allenylation of carbonyls, imines and related compounds. 4.4 Metal-mediated benzylation of carbonyls and imines. 4.5 Arylation and vinylation of carbonyls and imines. 4.5.1 Arylation and vinylation of aldehydes. 4.5.2 Arylation and vinylation of imines. 4.6 Alkynylation of carbonyls, imines, and related compounds. 4.6.1 Alkynylation of aldehyde. 4.6.2 Alkynylation of imines and related compunds. 4.6.3 Asymmetric alkynylation. 4.7 Metal-mediated aldol and Reformatsky-type reactions. 4.8 Metal-mediated alkylation of carbonyls and imines. 4.8.1 Alkylation of carbonyls. 4.8.2 Alkylation of imines. 4.9 Metal-mediated conjugate addition reactions. 4.9.1 Addition of alkyl groups. 4.9.2 Addition of vinyl and aryl groups. 4.9.3 Addition of alkynes. 4.10 Metal-mediated coupling reactions. 4.10.1 Pinacol coupling. 4.10.2 Other reductive couplings. 4.10.3 Cross-Dehydrogenative-Coupling. 4.11 Conclusions. 4.12 Acknowledgements. 5. Pericyclic Reactions in Aqueous Media (F. Fringuelli, O. Piermatti, F. Pizzo, L. Vaccaro). 5.1 Diels-Alder Cycloaddition Reactions. 5.1.1 Carbo Diels-Alder Reactions. 5.1.2 Biocatalyzed Carbo Diels-Alder Reactions. 5.1.3 Hetero Diels-Alder Reactions. 5.1.4 The Role of Water. 5.2 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions. 5.2.1 Pyrrole and Pyrrolidine-Ring Formation. 5.2.2 Isoxazole and Hydroderivatives-Ring Formation. 5.2.3 Pyrazole and Pyrazoline-Ring Formation. 5.2.4 Triazole and Triazoline-Ring Formation. 5.2.5 Tetrazole-Ring Formation. 5.3 [2+2] Photo-Cycloaddition Reactions. 5.4 Claisen Rearrangement Reactions. 6. Catalyzed Reductions in Aqueous Media (T. V. RajanBabu and S. Shin). 6.1. Special features of hydrogenation in water mediated by organometallic catalysts. 6.2. Water-soluble complexes for aqueous hydrogenation. 6.2.1. Sulfonated phosphine and other ligands. 6.2.2. Nitrogen-containing phosphine ligands. 6.2.3. Hydroxyphosphines and other oxygen-containing ligands. 6.3. Hydrogenation of C=C bond. 6.3.1. Reductions of dehydroamino acid and acrylic acid derivatives. 6.4. Hydrogenation of C=O bond. 6.4.1. Chemoselectivity of C=C vs. C=O bonds. 6.5. Asymmetric reduction of C=O bond in water. 6.5.1. Asymmetric hydrogenation of C=O bond in water. 6.5.2. Asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of C=O bond in water. 6.5.3. Hydrogenation of C=N bond. 6.6. Miscellaneous reductions. Reduction of epoxides, halides and carbon dioxide. 6.7. Summary and outlook. . 7. Oxidations (Roger A. Sheldon). 7.1 Water-soluble ligands. 7.2 Oxidations catalyzed by metalloporphyrins and metallophthalocyanines. 7.3 Epoxidation and dihydroxylation of olefins in aqueous media. 7.4 Alcohol oxidations in aqueous media. 7.5 Aldehyde and ketone oxidations in water. 7.6 Sulfoxidations in water. 7.7 Concluding remarks. . 8. Nucleophilic Additions and Substitutions in Water (D. Sinou). 8.1 Nucleophilic Additions. 8.1.1 The Aldol Reaction. 8.1.2 Michael Addition. 8.1.3 Mannich-Type Reaction. 8.2 Nucleophilic Substitution. 8.2.1 Ring-opening nucleophilic substitution. 8.2.2 Alkylation Reactions. 8.2.3 Other types of substitutions. 8.3 Conclusion. 9. Reactions in Nearcritical Water (C.L. Liotta, J.P. Hallett, P. Pollet, C.A. Eckert). 9.1 Characterization of Nearcritical Water. 9.1.1 Physical and Thermodynamic Properties of Nearcritical Water. 9.1.2 Solvatochromic Characterization of Nearcritical Water. 9.2 Reactions in Nearcritical Water. 9.2.1 Hydrolysis of Ester and Ether. 9.2.2 Hydrolysis of Nitriles. 9.2.3 Hydration of -pinene. 9.2.4 Elimination Reactions. 9.2.5 Friedel-Crafts Alkylation Reactions. 9.2.6 Friedel-Crafts Acylation Reactions. 9.2.7 Condensation Reactions. 9.2.8 Rearrangements. 9.2.9 Hydrogen\/Deuterium Exchange. 9.2.10 General Acid Base Reactions. 9.3 Reactions in High Temperature Water Enriched with CO2. 9.4 Limitations & Safety. 9.5 Conclusion. 10. Biocatalysis in Water (K. Nakamura, T. Matsuda). 10.1 Basic aspects of biocatalysis. 10.1.1 Reaction classification. 10.1.2 Kinetics of enzymatic reactions. 10.1.3 Reaction mechanism. 10.1.4 Selectivities. 10.1.5 Experimental conditions. 10.2 Reduction. 10.2.1 Stereochemistry of hydride transfer. 10.2.2 Baker's yeast catalyzed reaction. 10.2.3 Overexpression of key reductases from baker's yeast in E. coli. 10.2.4 Asymmetric reduction by Geotrichum candidum. 10.2.5 Hydrogen sources. 10.2.6 Reduction of carbon-carbon double bonds. 10.2.7 Reduction of hydroperoxides. 10.2.8 Reduction of sulfoxides. 10.3 Oxidation. 10.3.1 Oxidation of alcohols. 10.3.2 Hydroxylation. 10.3.3 Baeyer-Villiger oxidations. 10.3.4 Oxidation of sulfur compounds. 10.3.5 Oxidative polymerization. 10.4 Hydrolysis of esters. 10.4.1 E-value. 10.4.2 Synthesis of chiral compounds by enzymatic hydrolysis of esters. 10.4.3 Hydrolysis of sterically hindered esters. 10.4.4 Hydrolysis of esters with fluorine functionalities. 10.4.5 Methods of controlling reactivity and enantioselectivity. 10.4.6 Control of reactivity and enantioselectivity by genetic engineering. 10.4.7 Hollow-Fiber membrane reactor for lipase catalyzed hydrolysis: synthesis of Diltiazem. 10.4.8 Lipase catalyzed optical resolution coupled with in situ inversion: synthesis of Prallethrin (pyrethroid) etc. 10.4.9 Recognition of fluorinated functionalities from unfluorinated group: H vs. F. 10.4.10 P-chiral and S-chiral compounds. 10.5 Other types of hydrolysis, dehydration and halogenation. 10.5.1 Hydrolysis of expoxides. 10.5.2 Hydrolysis of amide and nitrile. 10.5.3 Dehydration in water for the synthesis of nitriles. 10.5.4 Desulfonation. 10.5.5 Direct glycosylation. 10.5.6 Dehalogenation. 10.5.7 Fluorination. 10.6 C-C bond formations. 10.6.1 Aldol reactions. 10.6.2 Cyanohydrin synthesis. 10.6.3 Carboxylations. 10.7 Dynamic kinetic resolution. 10.7.1 Dynamic kinetic resolution of racemic ketones through asymmetric reduction. 10.7.2 Dynamic kinetic resolution using hydrolytic enzymes. 10.7.3 Deracemization. 10.8 Conclusion. 11. Chemistry 'On Water' - Organic Synthesis in Aqueous Suspension (S. Narayan, V. V. Fokin, K. B. Sharpless). 11.1 Background. 11.2 The Unique Reactivity of Azodicarboxylates on Water. 11.3 Other Examples from Our Work. 11.4 Applications of the 'On Water' Method. 11.5 Perspective and Conclusion. 12. Water as a Reaction Solvent - an Industry Perspective (Ernst Wiebus, Boy Cornils). 12.1 Hydroformylation as the Master Development. 12.1.1 General. 12.1.2 Immobilization with the Help of Liquid Supports. 12.1.3 Principles. 12.2 Examples of Aqueous Phase Catalyses. 12.2.1 Hydroformylation (Ruhrchemie\/Rhone-Poulenc[RCH\/RP] process). 12.2.2 Other Industrially Used Aqueous-biphasic Processes. 12.2.3 Short Overview of other (Lab scale) Reactions. 12.3 The \"Aqueous\" Recycle and Recovery of Biphasic Catalysts. 12.3.1 Recycle. 12.3.2 Recovery. 12.4 Economics of the Process. 12.5 Environmental Aspects. 12.6 Concluding remarks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":97299843,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2149533662","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/op700214z","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We lead off this issue of Childhood and Philosophy with a collection of testimonies, homages, and brief memoirs offered from around the world in response to the death of the founder of Philosophy for Children, Matthew Lipman on December 26, 2010, at the age of 87. To characterize Lipman as \"founder\" is completely accurate, but barely evokes the role he played in conceiving, giving birth to, and nurturing this curriculum cum pedagogy that became a movement, and which has taken root in over 40 countries, from Iceland to Nigeria to Taiwan to Chile and everywhere in between. The movement itself is broader than the program, which has in fact experienced multiple transformations in multiple contexts over its half-century of life. In fact, as many of the testimonies below either state outright or imply, the movement is an emancipatory one and thus implicitly political, infused with all the long-suffering hope for our species inspired in us by the fact of natality, and by our own intuitive faith in the transformative power of reason\u2014or as Lipman came to call it, \"reasonableness.\" For those seized by its educational possibilities, it presents a sudden influx of sunlight and fresh air into an institution long stultified by its own rigid habitus, and promises the reconstruction of schooling in the image of authentic democratic practice that recognizes and honors the unique capacities of children. As Philosophy in the Classroom\u2014Lipman's first and now classic statement of educational philosophy--puts it, the movement promises a re-orientation of the goal of education from information (or \"learning\") to meaning, and inaugurates the dialogue with childhood and children that follows from that. Lipman was not just founder of this movement but creator, inventor, developer, convener, organizer, faithful soldier, ambassador, apologist, polemicist, propagandist, and, finally, undying optimist. In an attempt to honor Matthew Lipman's life and the gift it represented to so many, we offer, then, this handful of homages, beginning with Walter Kohan's, presented in both English and Spanish. They are in different languages, a kind of Babel-testimony of the Babel-dimension of philosophy for children. In addition, we are issuing a call for papers for our next issue, for articles that explore Lipman's theoretical and practical contributions in more depth\u2014whether from the perspective of philosophy, of education, or in the intersection of the two that Lipman's work explored. We are open, of course, to papers that take up his thinking from multiple viewpoints, including the critical, and that explore his impact, not just on philosophy of education, but on philosophy of childhood as well.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":3,"2024-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":143269096,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1944104241","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.12957\/CHILDPHILO.2010.20543","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"During the last few months the preparation of a descriptive catalogue of the magnificent collection of reptilian remains obtained by Mr. A. N. Leeds in the Oxford Clay of Peterborough, has rendered it necessary to examine in some detail the fine series of more or less complete skeletons of Ophlhalmosurus preserved in the British Museum. In the course of this examination a certain number of new facts have come to light, and since it will be some time before the detailed description can appear it seems desirable to give a brief account of some of the more interesting points.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":140742860,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2050456699","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0016756800133321","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper sets out to examine the paradox of matrilineal aspects among patrilineal societies in Africa, which was famously pointed out in the Nuer ethnography by E. E. Evans-Pritchard, and focuses on gender and sexual aspects of the indigenous theory of kinship among the Banna of southern Ethiopia. For this purpose, I describe some local strategies for securing descendants and children's legitimacy. It follows that the concept of paternity must be analyzed by investigating the rules of marriage, sexuality, and the role of the baski, a term which could be translated 'lover' or `levir' and denotes a man who lives with a widow in a relationship similar to marriage but not recognized as such. Paternity has ideological aspects which prescribe the legitimacy of children: in the case of the baski, he cannot give legitimacy to his lover's children even though he is their biological father. Therefore we must distinguish paternity from two perspectives: (1) whether the father is a pater or genitor for the children, and (2) whether he is a legal or illegal marital partner for the children's mother. This is a sort of local knowledge of reproduction technology: the Banna vary their interpretation of sperm and ovum, acquiring their descendants through a process of social manipulation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":199495568,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives Acupuncture is a nonpharmalogical treatment modality that is used to treat pain. Prior research demonstrates that pediatric patients tolerate acupuncture well and patients may experience significant pain relief. The objectives of this study were to (1) explore the experiences of pediatric emergency department (ED) physicians as they used 2 acupuncture procedures, Battlefield Acupuncture and Four Gates procedures, and (2) describe factors impacting the feasibility of acupuncture implementation in the pediatric ED setting. Methods This qualitative study used individual semistructured interviews with pediatric emergency medicine physicians who had completed basic acupuncture training recruited using purposive sampling. Interviews were individually coded and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Eight pediatric ED physicians participated in interviews. We identified multiple factors that promoted acupuncture use, multilevel barriers that impacted ED acupuncture implementation, offered multilevel solutions to overcome barriers to ED acupuncture implementation, and overall recommended continued use of ED acupuncture. Participants noted that education for patients, families, ED staff, and the general community may facilitate acupuncture implementation. To promote standardized and equitable access to acupuncture, participants recommended that all ED physicians in the division should be credentialed to provide acupuncture. In addition, participants recognized the benefits of an ED-specific electronic medical record documentation template and acupuncture toolbox including centralized acupuncture supplies, patient and family educational materials, and reference cards for physicians. Conclusions Participants overall had positive experiences with ED acupuncture. Although multilevel barriers to use of acupuncture were noted, these may be mitigated by several strategies suggested by participants. Future research is needed to further explore the potential impact of these strategies, as well as examine clinical outcomes of acupuncture implementation in the pediatric ED setting.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":250115329,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/PEC.0000000000002787","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this collection of sixteen literary and historical essays, Peter Green informs, entertains, and stimulates. He covers a wide range of subjects, from Greek attitudes toward death to the mysteries of the Delphic Oracle, from Tutankhamun and the gold of Egypt to sex in ancient literature, from the island of Lesbos (where he once lived) to the challenges of translating Ovid's wit and elegant eroticism into present-day English verse, from Victorian pederastic aesthetics to Marxism's losing battle with ancient history. This third volume of Green's essays (several previously unpublished) reveals throughout his serious concern that we are, in a very real sense, losing the legacy of antiquity through the corrosive methodologies of modern academic criticism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":191129241,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1582044751","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5860\/choice.27-6499","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Building on the work of L. Moss on coalgebraic logic, I study in a general setting a class of infinitary modal logics for F-coalgebras, designed to capture simulation and bisimulation. For a notion of coalgebraic simulation, I use the work of A. Thijs on modelling simulation in terms of relators (extensions of SET-functors along some family of preoders): simulation is the analogue for relators of the notion of bisimulation for functors. I prove the logics introduced here can indeed capture coalgebraic simulation and bisimulation. Moreover, one can characterize any given coalgebra up to simulation (and, in certain conditions, up to bisimulation) by a single sentence. An interesting feature of this logics is that their notion of truth or satisfaction can be understood as a simulation relation itself, but with respect to a (relator associated to a) richer functor; moreover, truth is the largest simulation, i.e. the similarity relation between states of the coalgebra and elements of the language. This sheds a new perspective on the classical preservation and characterizability results, and also on logic games. The two kinds of games normally used in logic (``truth games'''' to define the semantics dynamically, and ``similarity games'''' between two structures) are seen to be the same kind of game at the level of coalgebras: simulation games.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":17380087,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1553109126","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"SUMMARY This study proposes and investigates a new type of bi-criteria minimization (BCM) for the motion planning and control of redundant robot manipulators to address the discontinuity problem in the infinity-norm acceleration minimization (INAM) scheme and to guarantee the final joint velocity of motion to be approximate to zero. This new type is based on the combination of minimum weighted velocity norm (MWVN) and INAM criteria, and thus is called the MWVN\u2013INAM\u2013BCM scheme. In formulating such a scheme, joint-angle, joint-velocity, and joint-acceleration limits are incorporated. The proposed MWVN\u2013INAM\u2013BCM scheme is reformulated as a quadratic programming problem solved at the joint-acceleration level. Simulation results based on the PUMA560 robot manipulator validate the efficacy and applicability of the proposed MWVN\u2013INAM\u2013BCM scheme in robotic redundancy resolution. In addition, the physical realizability of the proposed scheme is verified in practical application based on a six-link planar robot manipulator.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":46891337,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2783505362","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0263574717000625","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ENSO\u2010scale variation of the summer ocean circulation in the South China Sea (SCS) is investigated. The interannual mode of SSH features a north\u2010south dipole pattern that modulates the cold jet off Vietnam. During the summers before and after the El Ni\u00f1o, the mode has opposite signs of extrema. Strengthened circulations couple with the cold SSTAs during the El Ni\u00f1o developing summers; weakened circulations accompany the warm SSTAs during the decaying summers. Heat advection by the basin circulation modulates the SST variation. The impact of the 1997 El Ni\u00f1o on the SCS circulation contrasting that of 1994 and 2002 El Ni\u00f1o Modoki is assessed. With moderate SST warming but further westward shift of the low\u2010level convergence of the atmosphere in the equatorial Pacific, the El Ni\u00f1o Modoki phenomenon enhanced the western North Pacific summer monsoon inside the SCS, driving stronger circulations in both the summers of 1994 and 2002.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":30506992,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2166339327","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1029\/2007GL032562","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper describes a Newton-Raphson method that accurately shifts a set of electrical network poles and transfer function zeros to more suitable locations in the complex plane to improve the harmonic voltage performance of a system. The descriptor system approach is used for the computer modeling of electrical networks of any topology and their subsequent modal analysis. The pole and\/or zero shifts are carried out by appropriate changes in the system elements (e.g. capacitor and\/or reactor banks). Eigenvalue sensitivity coefficients are used to help determine those element changes that are the most cost-effective and also to compute de Jacobian elements for the Newton method. These changes may be carried out without impacting the system operating point. Results are presented for a realistic system model in order to show the potential applications of the method.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"2015-11":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":123409190,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2171114710","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/PES.2003.1270997","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study aims to evaluate the antioxidative activities of water and alkaline solution pH=8, 50% ethanolic (APP1 or SAPP1), 75% ethanolic (APP2 or SAPP2) and 100% ethanolic (APP3 or SAPP3) extracts of A. auricular. The antioxidant activities, including the ABTS, superoxide anion radical-scavenging effect, hydrogen peroxide radical-scavenging effect and chelating ability on ferrous ions were studied in vitro. A comparison of the 50% effective concentration (EC50) values of different antioxidative reactions revealed that SAPP3 was more effective in scavenging ABTS, hydrogen peroxide and chelating ability on ferrous ions.SAPP2 showed a higher superoxide radical-scavenging activity. The alkali-soluble polysaccharides extracts showed higher radical-scavenging effect than water-soluble polysaccharides.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":86078572,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2132353124","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.183-185.104","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Kahneman-Tversky's (KT) seminal paper on Prospect Theory (PT) found that individuals placed value on changes in wealth. Individuals appeared to display different reactions to gains and losses and, displayed loss aversion, which depended on the distance from a \"critical value\". These two findings, and the notion that MPT was missing a \"reference point\", appeared to ring the death knell for MPT. They suggested replacing utility curves with a value curve and Expected Utility Theory with PT. However, KT and others also struggled with practical notions of \"reference wealth\". We argue that the true reference point, for both MPT and PT, should be the liability of an individual\/institution (and not an asset position or the level of the stock market), as all investment decisions are made to meet some liability. The original KT paper touches on this point but does not appear to explore this further. If we assume that investors derive utility from funded status, borne out in survey results of institutional investors, then we have a clearly articulated and legitimate reference point, liabilities, that KT and Markowitz highlighted, but did not nail down. It is possible to derive a version of the value curve from this adjusted utility curve that reflects KT's notion of a \"critical value\" \u2013 namely, the point of full funding. When we re-do KT's questions to individuals with an explicit statement of wealth and liabilities, we find that some results may be reversed and that loss aversion and risk aversion may be linked to funded status. This behavior is very clearly exhibited in the actual portfolio choices of institutional investors and in their survey responses. Hence, if a liability-centric view is taken of both utility theory and PT, as opposed to a simple wealth-centric view, one may find the missing link between these seemingly contradictory approaches.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":152523381,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1489649847","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2492603","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin-1 alpha (ERO1\u03b1) was originally shown to be an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident protein undergoing oxidative cycles in concert with protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) to promote proper protein folding and to maintain homeostasis within the ER. ERO1\u03b1 belongs to the flavoprotein family containing a flavin adenine dinucleotide utilized in transferring of electrons during oxidation-reduction cycles. This family is used to maintain redox potentials and protein homeostasis within the ER. ERO1\u03b1's location and function has since been shown to exist beyond the ER. Originally thought to exist solely in the ER, it has since been found to exist in the golgi apparatus, as well as in exosomes purified from patient samples. Besides aiding in protein folding of transmembrane and secretory proteins in conjunction with PDI, ERO1\u03b1 is also known for formation of de novo disulfide bridges. Public databases, such as the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Protein Atlas, reveal ERO1\u03b1 as a poor prognostic marker in multiple disease settings. Recent evidence indicates that ERO1\u03b1 expression in tumor cells is a critical determinant of metastasis. However, the impact of increased ERO1\u03b1 expression in tumor cells extends into the tumor microenvironment. Secretory proteins requiring ERO1\u03b1 expression for proper folding have been implicated as being involved in immune escape through promotion of upregulation of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and stimulation of polymorphonuclear myeloid derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSC's) via secretion of granulocytic colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). Hereby, ERO1\u03b1 plays a pivotal role in cancer progression and potentially immune escape; making ERO1\u03b1 an emerging attractive putative target for the treatment of cancer.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":222130190,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3088722023","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.33696\/cancerimmunol.2.023","PubMedCentral":"7894644","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.scientificarchives.com\/admin\/assets\/articles\/pdf\/the-role-of-ero1-in-modulati-ng-cancer-progression-and-immune-escape-20200917010913.pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"RAPD-PCR was utilized to assess the phylogenetic relationship and genetic variation among four duck breeds; Muscovy, Sudani, Pekin and Moulard, which reared in Egypt. A total of 13 arbitrary short primers were used and they generated polymorphic, reproducible and scoreable bands. These primers produced 92 bands Out of these scored bands, 37 (40.2%) were recognized as monomorphic and 55 (59.8%) as polymorphic bands. OPC-1 produced the highest percentage (100%) of polymorphic bands, while OPA-18 generated the lowest percentage (37.5%) of polymorphic bands. Interbreed of band sharing frequencies ranged from 0.79\u00b10.06 between Muscovy-Moulard to 0.65\u00b10.06 between Sudani-Pekin. Three primers (OPA-12, OPA-18 and OPA-20) in Sudani, six primers (OPA-08, OPA-15, OPA-17, OPB-15, OPC-01 and OPF-09) in Pekin were specified for these breeds. The highest genetic distance 6.32 was found between Sudani-Pekin, while the lowest genetic distances 4.90 was found between Muscovy - Moulard. The study suggests the ability of RAPD- PCR to estimate the genetic distance and reflect the genetic changes and relations among the studied duck breeds. \nKey words: Duck, RAPD- PCR, genetic variability, phylogenetic.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":89285009,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2550957290","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5455\/AJVS.246790","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Biomimetic ligands have emerged to overcome disadvantages inherent in biological ligands. In particular, the Ugi reaction can generate scaffolds where molecular diversity can be introduced, allowing the synthesis and screening of ligand libraries in a high-throughput manner against a variety of biological targets. Two adsorbents bearing Ugi-based synthetic ligands, coined A4C7 and A7C1, were previously developed for the selective recovery of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and RKRKRK-tagged GFP directly from Escherichia coli crude extracts. This work describes, for the first time, the in situ synthesis of Ugi-based ligands on magnetic beads and their application in the magnetic recovery of cognate proteins.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":103487537,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2750802780","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/01496395.2017.1375953","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper describes how the functionality of a railway yard is for the largest part determined by the existing simultaneities. These simultaneities allow the simultaneous arrival, departure or drive through of trains. At medium or large sized yards the process of manually determining all simultaneities is very time-consuming and error-prone, which limits the type and number of questions to be answered within a reasonable time, such as the question as to whether all existing infrastructure is really needed given the requirement specifications for compatible routes. COMPAT is a new tool developed by Holland Railconsult, which uses a mathematical algorithm to determine all simultaneities on a railway yard. The results can be visualized graphically. The tool enables the user to quickly determine which points or links are and are not necessary to meet the functional requirements and to determine the added functionality when a certain point or link is added. This means current railway yards or new designs for railway yards can be tested by COMPAT for redundant infrastructure. Therefore, COMPAT provides the railway infrastructure manager with a powerful tool to determine a cost effective layout of a railway yard. By presenting the results graphically, COMPAT contributes to the user's insight into the effects of adding or removing points and links in railway yards, thus reducing discussions among specialists.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":109998290,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2224095357","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2495\/CR060891","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: This comparative cohort study examined language differences in young children (preschool to first grade) with myelomeningocele and shunted hydrocephalus (MM\/SH). Method: A well-validated, standardized language test was administered to 17 children with MM\/SH (age range 4\u20136 years) and 16 age-matched, nonaffected children. Results: Standard scores were obtained within lexical\/semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic domains. An analysis of performance on individual subtests within the lexical\/semantic domain was striking. Children with MM\/SH performed significantly worse (p < 0.01) on a test measuring the comprehension of words representing important early learning concepts and on pragmatic tasks that measured their ability to use language functionally in social situations. Conclusions: Words representing basic precepts and concepts are commonly used in instructions to children in early childhood. Difficulty with functional pragmatic language results in suboptimal communication skills. Academic and community implications are discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":23653659,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2028106437","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1159\/000072469","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Processing of odor mixtures by neonates is weakly understood. Previous studies showed that a binary mixture of ethyl isobutyrate\/ethyl maltol (odorants A\/B) blends in newborn rabbits at the 30\/70 ratio: Pups would perceive a configural odor in addition to the components' odors. Here, we investigated whether the emergence of this additional odor in AB is determined by specific ratio(s) of A and B. To that goal, we tested whether pups discriminated between AB mixtures with lower (A(-)B, 8\/92 ratio) or higher (A(+)B, 68\/32) proportion of A. In Experiment 1, pups conditioned to A (or B) responded to A(-)B and A(+)B but not to AB. In Experiment 2, pups responded to A(-)B after learning of A(-) (and to A(+)B after learning of A(+)) but not to AB. In Experiment 3, after conditioning to A(-)B pups responded to A(-) and B (and to A(+) and B after learning of A(+)B) but not or less to AB. In Experiment 4, pups responded to A(-)B and A(+)B after conditioning to AB. These results confirm the configural perception of certain odor mixtures by young organisms and reveal that the proportion of components is a key factor influencing their coding, recognition, and discrimination of complex stimuli.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":140121912,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjr040","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/chemse\/article-pdf\/36\/8\/675\/738828\/bjr040.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Welded structure is usually used in current nailing machines. When a nailing machine was used for a period of time, the base of the machine was deformed, so products produced with the machines become waste. The reason for these problems is that the design of window shape around the body column plate is unreasonable, so the plate often cracks. In addition, the hydraulic system in current nailing machines is unreasonable too, which makes production less efficient. Aiming the current problems of the nailing machine, finite element analysis software ANSYS is used to analysis and find the machine's stress concentration areas. According to the analysis results, the shape and size of these areas are re-designed, which has the minimum area stress and deformation. The welded machine body is changed into a casted one, and the other modules are also re-build, all of which make the machine has longer service life. Through the process analysis, the hydraulic system is re-designed too, which improves the equipment productivity greatly.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":111219160,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2050231065","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.311-313.1564","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Stochastic processes play a vital role in understanding the development of many natural and computational systems over time. In this thesis, we will study two settings where stochastic processes on trees play a significant role. The first setting is in the reconstruction of evolutionary trees from biological sequence data. Most previous work done in this area has assumed that different positions in a sequence evolve independently. This independence however is a strong assumption that has been shown to possibly cause inaccuracies in the reconstructed trees \\cite{schoniger1994stochastic,tillier1995neighbor}. In our work, we provide a first step toward realizing the effects of dependency in such situations by creating a model in which two positions may evolve dependently. For two characters with transition matrices $M_1$ and $M_2$, their joint transition matrix is the tensor product $M_1 \\otimes M_2$. Our dependence model modifies the joint transition matrix by adding an `error matrix,' a matrix with rows summing to 0. We show when such dependence can be detected. The second setting concerns computing in the presence of faults. In pushing the limits of computing hardware, there is tradeoff between the reliability of components and their cost (e.g. \\cite{kadric2014energy}). We first examine a method of identifying faulty gates in a read-once formula when our access is limited to providing an input and reading its output. We show that determining \\emph{whether} a fault exists can always be done, and that locating these faults can be done efficiently as long as the read-once formula satisfies a certain balance condition. Finally for a fixed topology, we provide a dynamic program which allows us to optimize how to allocate resources to individual gates so as to optimize the reliability of the whole system under a known input product distribution. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Graduate Group Computer and Information Science First Advisor Sampath Kannan Subject Categories Computer Sciences This dissertation is available at ScholarlyCommons: https:\/\/repository.upenn.edu\/edissertations\/2609 STOCHASTIC TREE PROCESSES","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":56282049,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2599591933","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"On the path to exascale the landscape of computer device architectures and corresponding programming models has become much more diverse. While various low-level performance portable programming models are available, support at the application level lacks behind. To address this issue, we present the performance portable block-structured adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) framework Parthenon, derived from the well-tested and widely used Athena++ astrophysical magnetohydrodynamics code, but generalized to serve as the foundation for a variety of downstream multi-physics codes. Parthenon adopts the Kokkos programming model, and provides various levels of abstractions from multidimensional variables, to packages defining and separating components, to launching of parallel compute kernels. Parthenon allocates all data in device memory to reduce data movement, supports the logical packing of variables and mesh blocks to reduce kernel launch overhead, and employs one-sided, asynchronous MPI calls to reduce communication overhead in multi-node simulations. Using a hydrodynamics miniapp, we demonstrate weak and strong scaling on various architectures including AMD and NVIDIA GPUs, Intel and AMD x86 CPUs, IBM Power9 CPUs, as well as Fujitsu A64FX CPUs. At the largest scale on Frontier (the first TOP500 exascale machine), the miniapp reaches a total of 1.7 \u00d7 1013 zone-cycles\/s on 9216 nodes (73,728 logical GPUs) at \u2248 92 % weak scaling parallel efficiency (starting from a single node). In combination with being an open, collaborative project, this makes Parthenon an ideal framework to target exascale simulations in which the downstream developers can focus on their specific application rather than on the complexity of handling massively-parallel, device-accelerated AMR.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":247155012,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/10943420221143775","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2202.12309"},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/10943420221143775","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The study examined the effect of malaria incidence and malaria control on health outcome and human capital development in Nigeria for the period of 1991 to 2017. The Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) was employed for analyzing the objectives of the study which include to examine the effect of malaria incidence on adult mortality rate, under-five mortality rate, and human per capita income in Nigeria, and to examine the effect of malaria control on malaria incidence in Nigeria. The findings of the study revealed thatNigeria among other African nations is yet to fully achieve the objective of reducing the burden of malaria and effectively controlling the prevalence of malaria, thereby improving on positive health outcomes and sustainable national development, as the VECM analysis of empirical results showed that malaria incidence had a positive but minimal effect on adult mortality rate by 0.5%, under-five mortality rate by 0.8%, and human per capita income by 40%. It also showed that malaria control which consists of children receiving anti-malarial drugs, government health expenditure, and insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs) had a positive but poor effect on reducing the prevalence of malaria in Nigeria. As a result, the study recommends that the current National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) should be strengthened and given more impetus in order to effectively control and combat malaria, the federal government of Nigeria should give major priority to the health sector in terms of spending as this will increase the provision of health facilities, storage facilities, and provision of appropriate anti-malarial medicines that will aid in controlling and reducing malaria incidence in Nigeria, among others were proffered.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":242722618,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.30845\/ijhss.v10n6a10","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30845\/ijhss.v10n6a10","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Amiloride (40 mg\/day) was given to nineteen patients with primary hyperaldosteronism. There were significant falls in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, in total exchangeable sodium, and in serum sodium sodium and bicarbonate; while total exchangeable potassium, total body potassium, serum potassium, chloride and urea, and plasma renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone all increased significantly. Amiloride was effective in reducing blood pressure in patients with and without adrenocortical adenoma. No carry-over effect was seen on withdrawing amiloride. Similar changes were associated with amiloride treatment in five patients with essential hypertension; hyperkalaemia was not observed. Only negligible side-effects were encountered in the entire series of twenty-four patients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":25576685,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As smartphone screens have grown in size, single-handed use has become more cumbersome. Interactive targets that are easily seen can be hard to reach, particularly notifications and upper menu bar items. Users must either adjust their grip to reach distant targets, or use their other hand. In this research, we show how gaze estimation using a phone's user-facing camera can be paired with IMU-tracked motion gestures to enable a new, intuitive, and rapid interaction technique on handheld phones. We describe our proof-of-concept implementation and gesture set, built on state-of-the-art techniques and capable of self-contained execution on a smartphone. In our user study, we found a mean euclidean gaze error of 1.7 cm and a seven-class motion gesture classification accuracy of 97.3%.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":238992600,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/3462244.3479938","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3462244.3479938","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We introduce a nonparametric representation for graphical model on trees which expresses marginals as Hilbert space embeddings and conditionals as embedding operators. This formulation allows us to dene a graphical model solely on the basis of the feature space representation of its variables. Thus, this nonparametric model can be applied to general domains where kernels are dened, handling challenging cases such as discrete variables with huge domains, or very complex, non-Gaussian continuous distributions. We also derive kernel belief propagation, a Hilbert-space algorithm for performing inference in our model. We show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art techniques in a cross-lingual document retrieval task and a camera rotation estimation problem.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":6616831,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2183641917","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study uses national Medicare data as well as data that were abstracted to calibrate the Medicare Mortality Predictor System to assess the usefulness of a risk adjustment system in interpreting hospital mortality rates. The majority of variation in annual hospital death rates for the four conditions studied (stroke, pneumonia, myocardial infarction, and congestive heart failure) is chance variability that results from the relatively small numbers of patients treated in most hospitals in a year. For hospitals in the highest and lowest quartiles of observed death rates, the difference between observed rates and those predicted by the Medicare Mortality Predictor System is not quite on third smaller than the difference between observed rates and unadjusted national rates. Risk adjustment methods do not show whether the unexplained difference in mortality rates results from differences in effectiveness of care or unmeasured differences in patient risk at the time of admission. Risk-adjusted mortality rates, therefore, should be supplemented by review of the actual care rendered before conclusions are drawn regarding effectiveness of care.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":26957383,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2008065185","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/JAMA.1988.03410240081036","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Halide semiconductors stand at the very beginning of semiconductor science and technology. CuI was reported as the first transparent conductor, and the first field effect transistor was made from KBr. Although halogens are frequently used in semiconductor preparation, little use is currently made from halide semiconductors in electronics and photonics. We review past reports on the metal halide semiconductor CuI and related alloys and discuss recent progress with regard to this material including its use in organic electronics and solar cells as well as our own work on fully transparent bipolar heterostructure diodes (p\u2010CuI\/n\u2010ZnO) with high rectification of several 107 and ideality factors down to 1.5.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":97639469,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2161646380","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/pssa.201329349","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cache-coherent multithreaded computer architectures has been envisioned as the next generation architecture of IT Enterprise. In contract to traditional solutions, where the IT services are under proper physical, logical and personnel controls, Cloud Computing moves the application software and database to the large data centers, where the management of the data and services may not be fully trustworthy. This unique attribute, however, poses many new security challenges which have not been well understood. In this article, we focus on cloud data storage security, which has always been an important aspect of quality services. To ensure the correctness of users' data in the cloud, we propose effective and flexible distributed schemes with two salient features, opposing to its predecessors. By utilizing the homomorphism token with distributed verification of erasure-coded data, our scheme achieves the integration of storage correctness insurance and data error localization, i.e., the identification of misbehaving server(s). Unlike most prior works, the new scheme further supports secure and efficient dynamic operations on data blocks, including: data update, delete and append. Extensive security and performance analysis shows that the proposed scheme is highly efficient and resilient against Byzantine failure, malicious data modification attacks, and even server cache-coherent attacks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":212440129,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hemochromatosis is the name given by von Recklinghavsen 1 to a rare disease of metabolism, the etiology of which remains wrapped in obscurity. In the English literature there are few articles on this subject, which is one of great interest pathologically. Therefore, the three cases of this series are reported in detail with the impressions which I have derived from the study of them, in the hope that they may be of aid in the ultimate solution of the problem. SUMMARY AND COMPARISON OF CASES The three cases here reported afford an excellent opportunity for the study of the disease. The first case is one of simple hemochromatosis with the complication of tuberculous peritonitis forming a prominent part of the clinical picture. The other two cases are quite typical of the more frequently described form usually designated as bronzed diabetes. In all three cases there were the associated signs","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":71705608,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1979026356","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/ARCHINTE.1911.00060070080006","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The ability of interleukin 2 (IL-2) to enhance in vivo antitumor immunity has been evaluated in the line 1 alveolar cell carcinoma (L1) model of BALB\/c mice. A crude supernatant from phorbol myristate acetate exposed EL-4 cells rich in IL-2 plus other lymphokines (EL-4 IL-2), a concanavalin A-induced supernatant from murine splenocytes (Con A IL-2), and recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2) provided by Biogen were tested. Mice were immunized with a cloned population of L1 cells (10(6) irradiated L1 cells given s.c. in the left inguinal region) followed by s.c. injections of EL-4 IL-2, Con A IL-2, or rIL-2 given to the same site. Two immunizations of L1 cells each followed by IL-2 administration were given prior to challenge with live L1 cells s.c. on the right chest wall. Mice receiving EL-4 IL-2 survived significantly longer than those receiving L1 cells only. Daily administration of EL-4 IL-2 for 7 days after the last L1 immunization was significantly better than 3 days (P less than 0.01) which in turn was significantly better than 1 day (P less than 0.05). Among the doses tested (normalized in vitro to the Biologic Response Modifiers Program IL-2 standard) 404 units of IL-2\/injection was optimal. The EL-4 IL-2 had to be injected adjacent to the site of L1 cells; s.c. injection at a distant site or i.p. was not effective. When rIL-2 or Con A IL-2 was substituted for EL-4 IL-2, survival was not prolonged; however, if Con A IL-2 (low IL-2 levels) was supplemented with rIL-2 to 404 units of IL-2, it augmented immunity as well as 404 units of EL-4 IL-2. The data suggest that IL-2 is not the only lymphokine active in augmenting antitumor immunity induced by L1 cells. Some preliminary experiments indicate that a multilymphokine approach may have potential clinical relevance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":10314163,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2129415266","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose : comparative analysis of physical development parameters of Ukrainian city pupils in dynamics of 35 years monitoring period, determination of level and harmony of physical development of modern pupils. Participants : it was examined 2453 city children and teenagers of 6-17 year old (1224 boys and 1229 girls). Comparison was carried out with results of 1974 year. The analysis of physical development was carried out according to the official tables containing regression scales of the body length. Results : it is observed reliable ( p<0,01 ) and highly reliable ( p<0,001 ) body length augmentation in comparison with equals in age in 1970 th in all age and gender groups of pupils\u00a0 (except 8 year old children). Since 11 year old, modern children were authentically taller ( \u0440 < 0,001 ) than equals in age in 1974. Comparison of body weight of boys determined that from 11 up to 13 year old modern pupils reliably exceed equals in age in 1970 th . It is determined similar differences in 12-13 year old girls. It is observed reliable augmentation of chest circumference in 12-14 year old girls and also in 11-12 and 15-17 year old boys in comparison with equals in age in 1974 year. There are no gender differences in distribution of children by the level of physical development. Conclusions : it is determined the following consistent patterns and features of physical development of Ukrainian city pupils during 1970 th \u2013 2000 th years: no more than 57-59% of pupils have average and harmonious physical development; every 6 th \u00a0boy and every 5 th girl have overweight; it is observed high-quality and quantitative reliable deterioration in physical development and morphofunctional state in children of both genders during study at school. It is most expressed in boys; from 1 st up to the 4 th form pupils with disharmonious development becomes in 2,5 times more weighty (about 12%), and up to 9 th form \u2013 in 7 times (about 20% respectively).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":81689218,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2808509606","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The introduction to the clinic of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) revolutionized the outlook for patients. These drugs manage disease highly effectively in the majority of patients, through elimination of the bulk of the leukaemic cells from the blood and bone marrow. However, they fail to eradicate the underlying leukaemic stem cells (LSCs). Therefore, patients are not cured, and the prevalence of CML is rising year-by-year. As LSCs display increased genomic instability, their persistence risks the evolution of TKI-resistant clones. In order to eliminate these cells and cure CML, novel therapeutic strategies are required. As LSCs do not depend on the activity of breakpoint cluster region\/abelson murine leukaemia viral oncogene homolog 1 (BCR-ABL1), the causative oncogene underlying CML biology for their survival, the key to eradicating these TKI-persistent cells may lie in the targeting of other pathways important for their survival and maintenance. Here, an in silico approach was employed for the detection of differences between CML and normal stem cells that may allow selective targeting of survival, maintenance and evolution in LSCs. \nA growing collection of high-quality publicly available datasets describing genomic-scale gene expression in CML cells represents a valuable resource for the identification of novel targets. Though genome-scale data allow us to explore CML biology on a systems-level, the datasets themselves often have small sample numbers and high variability, and therefore reduced statistical power for the robust detection of differences between sample types. A meta-analysis assessing CML versus normal gene expression in five datasets from the TKI-refractory stem\/quiescent cell fractions was performed to identify robustly differentially expressed (DE) genes. In addition to protein coding genes, microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators of many aspects of cancer biology. Genome-scale miRNA expression datasets were additionally analysed to identify the potential roles of miRNAs in LSC biology. Following these computational analyses, the nucleic acid editor apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like 3B (APOBEC3B) was investigated for evidence of involvement in CML biology in its capacity as a driver of mutation and subsequent evolution, and in other aspects of CML cell function. \nThe experiments described here reveal genome-scale transcriptomic differences between LSCs and HSCs, with potentially important functional implications. The results contribute towards building a more holistic view of the biological state of LSCs on a systems level.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":209588198,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2985030376","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this research examined and analyzed the Effect of Leadership, Motivation to Employee Performance with the Organizational Commitment as a mediation.The object of this research was employees at the village of Batang Subdistrict. All member of population became sample research. The collecting data using the quistioner. The amount of responden 98. The Questioner completed only 96 respondent, 2 questioner failed (missing data). After the data was collected the data was examined validity and realiability. After that, the hypotesis exammined.The result, of this research represented that The Organizational Commitment as a mediating variable could explain that the Effact of the Leadership, Motivation to Employee Performance. Key words:Leadership, Motivation, Employee Performance and Organization Commitment","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":142441981,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1498612695","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the present study, Choline hydroxide (ChOH) as an ionic liquid catalyst was used for transesterification of soybean oil into biodiesel in a microchannel reactor. The effects of three variables i.e. reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and total flow rate on fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) content (wt. %) were optimized using Box\u2013Behnken experimental design. In order to predict the FAME content a quadratic polynomial model was obtained. The optimal conditions from the model were reaction temperature of 53.53 \u00b0C, catalyst dosage of 2.6 wt. % and total flow rate of 11.82 mL\/min. At these conditions, the predicted FAME content was 96.45 wt.% and the experimental FAME content was obtained 97.6 wt. %. The proximity of the experimental results and predicted values showed that the regression model issignificant. Using the ionic liquid catalyst in the studied microreactor for transesterification leads to diminish the reaction time to the order of seconds compared to conventional batch systems. In addition, the reusability of ChOH catalyst was investigated. The results revealed that the catalyst had perfect utility after several runs without much loss in the activity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":104579688,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2901311189","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Merker's core idea, that the experience of being conscious reflects the interactions of actions, targets, and motivations in the upper brainstem, with cortex providing the content of the conscious experience, merits serious consideration. However, we have two areas of concern: first, that his definition of consciousness is so broad that it is difficult to find any organisms with a brain that could be non-conscious; second, that the focus on one cortical\u2013subcortical system neglects other systems (e.g., basal forebrain and brainstem cholinergic systems and their cortical and thalamic target areas) which may be of at least equal significance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":2,"2013-48":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":146726684,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2161367469","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X07000969","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, a design optimization algorithm is presented for non-linear steel frames with semi-rigid beamcolumnconnections using harmony search algorithm. The design algorithm obtains the minimum steel weight by selecting from a standard set of steel sections. Strength constraints of American Institute of Steel Construction - Load and Resistance Factor Design (AISC-LRFD) specification, displacement, deflection, size constraint and lateral torsional bulking are imposed on frames. Harmony search (HS) is a recently developed meta-heuristic search algorithm which is based on the analogy between the natural musical performance and searching the solutions to optimization problems. The HS algorithm accounts for the effect of connections' flexibility and the geometric non-linearity of the members. The Frye\u2013Morris polynomial model is used for modeling semi-rigid connections. Two design examples with extended end plate without column stiffeners are presented to demonstrate the application and validity of the algorithm.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":59068452,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3014854176","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Context. Our current insights into the circumstellar chemistry of asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are largely based on studies of carbon-rich stars and stars with high mass-loss rates.\nAims. In order to expand the current molecular inventory of evolved stars we present a spectral scan of the nearby, oxygen-rich star R Dor, a star with a low mass-loss rate (~2 \u00d7 10\u22127 M\u2299 yr\u22121).\nMethods. We carried out a spectral scan in the frequency ranges 159.0\u2013321.5 GHz and 338.5\u2013368.5 GHz (wavelength range 0.8\u20131.9 mm) using the SEPIA\/Band-5 and SHeFI instruments on the APEX telescope and we compare it to previous surveys, including one of the oxygen-rich AGB star IK Tau, which has a high mass-loss rate (~5 \u00d710\u22126 M\u2299 yr\u22121).\nResults. The spectrum of R Dor is dominated by emission lines of SO2 and the different isotopologues of SiO. We also detect CO, H2O, HCN, CN, PO, PN, SO, and tentatively TiO2, AlO, and NaCl. Sixteen out of approximately 320 spectral features remain unidentified. Among these is a strong but previously unknown maser at 354.2 GHz, which we suggest could pertain to H2SiO, silanone. With the exception of one, none of these unidentified lines are found in a similarly sensitive survey of IK Tau performed with the IRAM 30 m telescope. We present radiative transfer models for five isotopologues of SiO (28SiO, 29SiO, 30SiO, Si17O, Si18O), providing constraints on their fractional abundance and radial extent. We derive isotopic ratios for C, O, Si, and S and estimate that, based on our results for 17O\/18O, R Dor likely had an initial mass in the range 1.3\u20131.6 M\u2299, in agreement with earlier findings based on models of H2O line emission. From the presence of spectral features recurring in many of the measured thermal and maser emission lines we tentatively identify up to five kinematical components in the outflow of R Dor, indicating deviations from a smooth, spherical wind.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":119417649,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3101930529","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361\/201732470","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1801.07984"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.aanda.org\/articles\/aa\/pdf\/2018\/07\/aa32470-17.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Using the ultrafine laminate method, thin foils (50 \u00b5m) of Ni-rich TiNi shape memory alloys were produced. Overall composition of the Ti\/Ni laminate is Ti-50.7%Ni. TiNi (B2) phase was obtained after different diffusion treatments at 1073 K for 36 ks. Aging treatment at 773 K for 3.6, 18, 36, 72 and 144 ks were also performed. Phase transformation behavior of aged foils changed from two-step, to three-step and then to two-step transformation, which is similar to the case of bulk TiNi alloys. Uniform distribution of Ti3Ni4 phase was observed for aged samples by transmission electron microscopy. Two-way shape memory effect of the aged TiNi foil was also demonstrated.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136583210,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1965557110","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.449-452.1321","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This research examines issues facing resident owners purchasing and living in condominiums in a major Australian tourist destination. The authors argue that the trend towards urban consolidation presents challenges for purchasers who buy 'off the plan' with the intention of self-occupation of apartments. Using a qualitative approach involving in-depth interviews of residents, the study identifies four main areas of concern for resident owners. Issues such as residential use, zoning, dispute resolution and the role of the caretaker are discussed. The study concludes that action is needed in order to reform body corporate legislation and to encourage local authorities to discharge responsibilities not just for planning but also for land use.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":154412570,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2155725283","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/02673037.2014.898250","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract The paper presents a review of literature on application of information and communication technologies, specifically, Web and Agent Technologies in condition monitoring and maintenance of mechanical and electrical systems. In manufacturing and process plants, rarity of experts does not allow condition monitoring to realise its full potential. This led to the application of artificial intelligence and distributed artificial intelligence to condition monitoring. More recently web technology and intelligent agents have emerged as better decision support tools. Reviewed papers show that these technologies have been used in manufacturing and other sectors for integration, remote monitoring and maintenance, diagnosis and prognosis purposes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":108825060,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1977419337","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3182\/20060517-3-FR-2903.00003","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract As the contribution for long\u2010term ecological and environmental studies (LTEES) to our understanding of how species and ecosystems respond to a changing global climate becomes more urgent, the relative number and investment in LTEES are declining. To assess the value of LTEES to advancing the field of ecology, we evaluated relationships between citation rates and study duration, as well as the representation of LTEES with the impact factors of 15 ecological journals. We found that the proportionate representation of LTEES increases with journal impact factor and that the positive relationship between citation rate and study duration is stronger as journal impact factor increases. We also found that the representation of LTEES in reports written to inform policy was greater than their representation in the ecological literature and that their authors particularly valued LTEES. We conclude that the relative investment in LTEES by ecologists and funders should be seriously reconsidered for advancing ecology and its contribution to informing environmental policy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":21738690,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2594809292","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/biosci\/biw185","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/bioscience\/article-pdf\/67\/3\/271\/10864103\/biw185.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Reduced stomatal conductance under elevated CO2 results in increased soil moisture, provided all other factors remain constant. Whether this results in increased runoff critically depends on the interaction of rainfall patterns, soil water storage capacity and plant responses. To test the sensitivity of runoff to these parameters under elevated CO2, we combine transpiration and soil moisture data from the Swiss Canopy Crane FACE experiment (SCC, 14 30\u201335\u2003m tall deciduous broad\u2010leaved trees under elevated CO2) with 104 years of daily precipitation data from an adjacent weather station to drive a three\u2010layer bucket model (mean yearly precipitation 794\u2003mm). The model adequately predicts the water budget of a temperate deciduous forest and runoff from a nearby gauging station. A simulation run over all 104 years based on measured sap flow responses resulted in only 5.5\u2003mm (2.9%) increased ecosystem runoff under elevated CO2. Out of the 37\u2003986 days (1 January 1901\u201331 December 2004), only 576 days produce higher runoff in the elevated CO2 scenario. Only 1 out of 17 years produces a CO2\u2010signal >20\u2003mm\u2003a\u22121, which mostly depends on a few single days when runoff under elevated CO2 exceeds runoff under ambient conditions. The maximum signal for a double preindustrial CO2\u2010concentration under the past century daily rainfall regime is an additional runoff of 46\u2003mm. More than half of all years produce a signal of <5\u2003mm\u2003a\u22121, because trees consume the 'extra' moisture during prolonged dry weather. Increased runoff under elevated CO2 is nine times more sensitive to variations in rain pattern than to the applied reduction in transpiration under elevated CO2. Thus the key driver of increased runoff under future CO2\u2010concentration is the day by day rainfall pattern. We argue that increased runoff due to a first\u2010order plant physiological CO2\u2010effect will be very small (<3%) in a landscape dominated by temperate deciduous forests, and will hardly increase flooding risk in forest catchments. Monthly rainfall sums are unsuitable to realistically model such CO2 effects. These findings may apply to other ecosystems with comparable soil water storage capacity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":86019303,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2170031938","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2486.2009.01937.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Diffusion-based trajectory observers have been recently proposed as a simple and efficient framework to solve diverse smoothing problems in underwater navigation. For instance, to obtain estimates of the trajectories of an underwater vehicle given position fixes from an acoustic positioning system and velocity measurements from a DVL. The observers are conceptually simple and can easily deal with the problems brought about by the occurrence of asynchronous measurements and dropouts. In its original formulation, the trajectory observers depend on a user-defined constant gain that controls the level of smoothing and is determined by resorting to trial and error. This paper presents a methodology to choose the observer gain by taking into account a priori information on the variance of the position measurement errors. Experimental results with data from an acoustic positioning system are presented to illustrate the performance of the derived observers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":1462762,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2001433668","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3182\/20070919-3-HR-3904.00029","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"HIV-1 is taken up by immature monocyte derived dendritic cells (iMDDCs) into tetraspanin rich caves from which the virus can either be transferred to T lymphocytes or enter into endosomes resulting in degradation. HIV-1 binding and fusion with the DC membrane results in low level de novo infection that can also be transferred to T lymphocytes at a later stage. We have previously reported that HIV-1 can induce partial maturation of iMDDCs at both stages of trafficking. Here we show that CD45+ microvesicles (MV) which contaminate purified HIV-1 inocula due to similar size and density, affect DC maturation, de novo HIV-1 infection and transfer to T lymphocytes. Comparing iMDDCs infected with CD45-depleted HIV-1BaL or matched non-depleted preparations, the presence of CD45+ MVs was shown to enhance DC maturation and ICAM-1 (CD54) expression, which is involved in DC\u2236T lymphocyte interactions, while restricting HIV-1 infection of MDDCs. Furthermore, in the DC culture HIV-1 infected (p24+) MDDCs were more mature than bystander cells. Depletion of MVs from the HIV-1 inoculum markedly inhibited DC\u2236T lymphocyte clustering and the induction of alloproliferation as well as limiting HIV-1 transfer from DCs to T lymphocytes. The effects of MV depletion on these functions were reversed by the re-addition of purified MVs from activated but not non-activated SUPT1.CCR5-CL.30 or primary T cells. Analysis of the protein complement of these MVs and of these HIV-1 inocula before and after MV depletion showed that Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) and nef were the likely DC maturation candidates. Recombinant HSP90\u03b1 and \u03b2 and nef all induced DC maturation and ICAM-1 expression, greater when combined. These results suggest that MVs contaminating HIV-1 released from infected T lymphocytes may be biologically important, especially in enhancing T cell activation, during uptake by DCs in vitro and in vivo, particularly as MVs have been detected in the circulation of HIV-1 infected subjects.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":15701071,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2018984854","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003700","PubMedCentral":"3798598","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plospathogens\/article\/file?id=10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003700&type=printable","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of a demineralization model on the microhardness, surface roughness, and topography of giomers.Seventy-two discs of six different dental materials in three different presentations (pit and fissure sealant (PFS), flowable and restorative materials) were divided into six groups (n\u2009=\u200912\u2009p\/g). Three experimental groups (giomers) consisted of BeautiSealant, Beautifil Flow Plus, and Beautifil II, and three control groups (resin-based materials) were formed using ClinproTM, FiltekTM Z350 XT Flow, and Filtek\u2122 Bulk Fill materials. Vickers microhardness, surface roughness, and topographic analysis with atomic force microscopy were measured at the beginning (0) after four (1) and 7\u2009days (2) of immersion in a demineralizing model. Statistical analysis was performed using One-way and Repeated Measures ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficient (p\u2009\u2264\u2009.05). The microhardness values showed significant variations, except for the G_RM group. All the groups presented significant increases in roughness through the experiment stages, except for RB_PFS in the Ra parameter. The topographic analysis showed variations in the micromorphology, especially in the experimental group at the end of the demineralization model. Finally, there was no correlation between microhardness and surface roughness. The demineralization model decreased the microhardness, with the lowest reductions in the giomers groups. The effect of the demineralizing model on the surface roughness and topography showed an increase in specific patterns for the experimental and control groups. Therefore, their clinical use is recommended. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The demineralization model decreased the microhardness property of the evaluated materials, with better performance for the giomer groups. The effect of the demineralizing model on surface roughness showed an increase with specific patterns for the experimental and control groups. Although the materials presented changes in their microhardness, roughness, and topography, their clinical use is recommended.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":261582104,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.24412","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Clinically relevant animal models capable of simulating traumatic hemorrhagic shock are needed. We developed a hemorrhagic shock model with male New Zealand rabbits (2200-2800 g, 60-70 days old) that simulates the pre-hospital and acute care of a penetrating trauma victim in an urban scenario using current resuscitation strategies. A laparotomy was performed to reproduce tissue trauma and an aortic injury was created using a standardized single puncture to the left side of the infrarenal aorta to induce hemorrhagic shock similar to a penetrating mechanism. A 15-min interval was used to simulate the arrival of pre-hospital care. Fluid resuscitation was then applied using two regimens: normotensive resuscitation to achieve baseline mean arterial blood pressure (MAP, 10 animals) and hypotensive resuscitation at 60% of baseline MAP (10 animals). Another 10 animals were sham operated. The total time of the experiment was 85 min, reproducing scene, transport and emergency room times. Intra-abdominal blood loss was significantly greater in animals that underwent normotensive resuscitation compared to hypotensive resuscitation (17.1 \u00b1 2.0 vs 8.0 \u00b1 1.5 mL\/kg). Antithrombin levels decreased significantly in normotensive resuscitated animals compared to baseline (102 \u00b1 2.0 vs 59 \u00b1 4.1%), sham (95 \u00b1 2.8 vs 59 \u00b1 4.1%), and hypotensive resuscitated animals (98 \u00b1 7.8 vs 59 \u00b1 4.1%). Evidence of re-bleeding was also noted in the normotensive resuscitation group. A hypotensive resuscitation regimen resulted in decreased blood loss in a clinically relevant small animal model capable of reproducing hemorrhagic shock caused by a penetrating mechanism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"2024-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":39181095,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2170472622","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2010007500127","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This research investigates and analyzes the potential of the San Antonio Missions Historic District towards community-based cultural heritage tourism. The accelerating tourism in South San Antonio brings considerable economic and social benefit through workforce, income and infrastructure developments. Cultural heritage tourism is traveling to experience the places and activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the past and present. It is an economic development tool designed to attract visitors to an area based on the unique aspects of the locality's history, landscape and culture. This boosts regional and local pride and is a good source of revenue and jobs. Historic preservation is a tool for preserving a historic place, incubating small businesses, revitalizing downtowns, generating local jobs, and creating improvements in a community. It is estimated that between 35 and 40 percent of tourism today represents cultural tourism or heritage tourism. As an alternative to mass tourism, cultural and heritage tourism offer opportunities for place-based engagement that frames contexts for interaction with the \"lived space\" and \"everyday life\" of other peoples as well as sites of global heritage value. World Heritage designation usually brings international attention and increased tourism with both positive and negative impacts. Cultural heritage tourism can bring many benefits to a local economy but it can also disrupt the quality of life of the local inhabitants. Authenticity is also critical whenever heritage is involved in tourism activities. This paper highlights the potential benefits for small business owners to connect to the growing heritage tourism economy of the San Antonio Missions Historic District. Prosperity for residents of the district is a viable path to sustaining the community's cultural heritage, identity and authenticity. This research also investigates how to prevent","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":109074599,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2004312749","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2495\/STR130021","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common malignancy of the kidney. Unfortunately, RCCs are highly refractory to conventional chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and even immunotherapy. Thus, novel therapeutic targets need to be sought for the successful treatment of RCCs. We now report that 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinequinone (LY83583), an inhibitor of cyclic GMP production, induced growth arrest and apoptosis of the RCC cell line 786-0. It did not prove deleterious to normal renal epithelial cells, an important aspect of chemotherapy. To address the cellular mechanism(s), we used both genetic and pharmacological approaches. LY83583 induced a time- and dose-dependent increase in RCC apoptosis through dephosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1\/2 and its downstream extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1 and -2. In addition, we observed a decrease in Elk-1 phosphorylation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) down-regulation. We were surprised that we failed to observe an increase in either c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase or p38\u03b1 and -\u03b2 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation. In contradiction, reintroduction of p38\u03b4 by stable transfection or overexpression of p38\u03b3 dominant negative abrogated the apoptotic effect. Cell death was associated with a decrease and increase in Bcl-xL and Bax expression, respectively, as well as release of cytochrome c and translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor. These events were associated with an increase in reactive oxygen species formation. The antioxidant N-acetyl l-cysteine, however, opposed LY83583-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, ERK1\/2 inactivation, COX-2 down-regulation, and apoptosis. In conclusion, our results suggest that LY83583 may represent a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of RCC, which remains highly refractory to antineoplastic agents. Our data provide a molecular basis for the anticancer activity of LY83583.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":23958848,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2098046279","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1124\/mol.105.020875","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"With increase in the heterogeneity and complexity of the Internet, many problems have emerged in the traditional TCP Reno. Against the problem, we have proposed a new bandwidth- based TCP congestion control mechanism, TCP Symbiosis. Unlike the recent works on delay-based and hybrid congestion control, TCP Symbiosis relies on the bandwidth measurement to control the congestion window size. Although we have confirmed that TCP Symbiosis has the effectiveness in terms of average throughput, stability, and scalability to the bandwidth-delay product, the throughput of TCP Symbiosis highly depends on the measurement results of available bandwidth. In this paper, we redesign TCP Symbiosis to deal with the measurement error and noise of the available bandwidth. First, we propose the dynamic parameter setting algorithm based on the variance of the measured available bandwidth. Second, for the purpose of absorbing the ill-effect of environmental change, we propose to add self-induced oscillation to the congestion window size of TCP connection. We confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods through ns-2 simulation experiments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":32994428,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2121705802","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICCW.2009.5207973","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In hepatocytes from overnight-fasted rats incubated with glucose, palmitate decreased the production of lactate, the detritiation of [2-3H]- and [3-3H]-glucose, and the concentration of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. Similarly, perfusion of hearts from fed rats with beta-hydroxybutyrate resulted in an inhibition of the detritiation of [3-3H]glucose and a fall in fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration. This fall could result from an increase in citrate (hepatocytes and heart) and sn-glycerol 3-bisphosphate concentration. It is suggested that a fall in fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration participates in the inhibition of glycolysis by fatty acids and ketone bodies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":31511550,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1934631354","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1042\/BJ2510541","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As the timeframe of the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) is running out this year, the Post-2015 Development Agenda soon arrive at its final negotiations. Criticisms of the MDGs have primarily concerned the inaccurate implementation of social justice to the most vulnerable and poor, and the limited understanding of the underlying interconnectedness of the goals. In several recent reports, it has been stated that the various aspects of social justice and inclusiveness shall permeate the new development agenda. I have therefore made it my task to conduct a content analysis of three key reports, providing the most likely basis for the new agenda. With this, my aim is to examine what different concepts of social justice is being expressed, whom the agenda foremost seems to favour in terms of 'winners' and 'losers', and what possible implications this could have for global development work. My analytical framework is constructed from three concepts of social justice: distributive, retributive and transformative justice. Ideal types of these three concepts have been constructed as the analytical instrument of the study, in order to simplify the content analysis. In the study, it is concluded that it is likely that the new development agenda will aim for distributive justice, although the road to get there leads through major transformational shifts. The structural and societal causes (transformative injustice) of inequalities, poverty and unsustainability are targeted to finally achieve universal equality (distributive justice). The most marginalized, vulnerable and poor can thus been classified as the utmost winners of the suggested new agenda. Moreover, vague expressions of retributive justice were found regarding foremost climate justice. The possible implications of this could prove to be a more welcoming attitude towards the agenda negotiations, albeit on the cost of decreased accountability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":152920801,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"911650645","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"478) gives the impression that both populations were known to be drawn from the same area. The selection of the mining population by panel attendance and death imposes an inevitable and strong bias and leaves unknown the population of living miners and ex-miners (with or without pneumoconiosis) from the same decades and areas of the deceased miners and ex-miners. The absence of an age gradient of emphysema in the mining group compared with the contrast group would seem to confirm this bias. The explanation given that confluent fibrotic lesions may have obscured emphysema is improbable as no gradient in men with category \"O\" to \"A\" was demonstrated. This point has alco been commented on by Dr. C. M. Fletcher (17 October, p. 176). We cannot accept that the difference in the prevalence of emphysema found to exist between the miners and the contrast population is representative of the real difference between miners as a whole and the general population. Nor do we think the authors have demonstrated an excess of any particular type of emphysema among the miners with pneumoconiosis.-We are, etc.,","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":5130244,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2010671722","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.3.5721.522","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/bmj\/3\/5721\/522.1.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents the workflow for developing an animated short film, Fio, using real-time rendering. Real-time rendering is a recently commercially available alternative and has drastically reduced rendering time.Rendering means graphically processing an image, or layers of images, so that it can be displayed after processing, immediately. It is a critical step in computer graphics and determines the quality of the final image and the time required for it to be available for display. Previously, rendering required many minutes for each image frame, with multiple and costly processors. Currently, one render per frame is achieved in less than a second, with an equivalent look and a smaller amount of processing.To render in real time, the graphics engine Unreal Engine, a pioneer in this type of solution, was used. For this type of use, to render scenes, the software is free. Software of relevance in the creative industry were chosen as well, such as Autodesk Maya for animations and modeling, zBrush for sculptures, Substance Painter and Photoshop for composing textures, Audition for soundtracks, Premiere for editing. The engine itself has tools for lighting and composition. Other experimental alternatives were tested in the workflow, such as the use of hand-drawn textures with pastel chalks.This paper will introduce each step of the workflow for producing an animated short film, with the preparation of the scene adjustments to be imported by the Unreal engine at the end. The first minute of this animation is accessible in https:\/\/vimeo.com\/503536788.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":233889743,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3135894873","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.37390\/AVANCACINEMA.2020.A199","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Obstructive sleep apnea, apnea of prematurity, and sudden infant death syndrome are associated with a high risk of morbidity and mortality secondary to the neuronal and cerebrovascular consequences of the associated intermittent hypoxia. We hypothesized that episodic hypoxia (EH) promotes inflammation in the cerebral microcirculation and that nitric oxide (NO) produced by the endothelial and neuronal isoforms of NO synthase (eNOS and nNOS, respectively) modulates this response. Anesthetized and ventilated Swiss-Webster ND4 mice, wild-type mice, and NO synthase knockout mice were subjected to a 1-h period of EH (twelve 30-s periods of hypoxia every 5 min). Four, 24, or 48 h later, mice were reanesthetized for imaging of leukocyte dynamics in the cortical venular microcirculation by epifluorescence videomicroscopy through closed cranial windows. In Swiss-Webster ND4 mice, leukocyte adherence increased 2.1-fold at 4 h, 3.4-fold at 24 h, and 1.8-fold at 48 h relative to time-matched, normoxic controls; there was no evidence of delayed hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cell death. A similar response was noted in wild-type mice. However, in eNOS knockouts, leukocyte-endothelial cell adherence was elevated to 4.4-fold over baseline 24 h after EH, and a significant fraction of these animals showed evidence of delayed CA1 cell death. Conversely, in nNOS knockouts, no increase in adherence was noted at 24 h and CA1 viability remained unaffected. We conclude that NO derived from nNOS promotes an inflammatory response in the cerebrovascular microcirculation after short-term EH and that NO produced by eNOS blunts the extent of this response and exerts neuroprotective effects.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":7264468,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2005594631","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1152\/JAPPLPHYSIOL.00798.2003","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Polycrystalline CrO2 is shown to exhibit a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) at low temperatures. A rapid decrease in the GMR with increasing temperature is correlated with a decrease in the intergranular resistance. Single-crystal CrO2 is a half-metallic ferromagnet, as the data are interpreted to reflect two types of charge carriers, crossing a grain boundary: those that tunnel between conduction bands of adjacent grains and those that hop after residing at a localized state for a time long compared to a spin relaxation time.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-18":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":120891604,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2015402840","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1063\/1.120616","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A series of back face deformation (BFD) tests were conducted to characterize the ballistic response for both Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) and Kevlar flat panels impacted by steel spheres. Digital image correlation (DIC) was used to measure the dynamic back face deformation. Post-experiment computed tomography (CT) scans were conducted to characterize the failure of the composite panels. Similar BFD profiles and failure modes were observed for both UHMWPE and Kevlar panels. Numerical models were developed in LS-DYNA to study the ballistic response in both UHMWPE and Kevlar panels. Tied-contact with failure option was used between adjacent composite layers to simulate delamination failure. The time histories of BFD, delamination failure and depth of penetration are compared with the experimental data.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":136159777,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2611411587","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Machine learning (ML) problems are often posed as highly nonlinear and nonconvex unconstrained optimization problems. Methods for solving ML problems based on stochastic gradient descent are easily scaled for very large problems but may involve fine-tuning many hyper-parameters. Quasi-Newton approaches based on the limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (BFGS) update typically do not require manually tuning hyper-parameters but suffer from approximating a potentially indefinite Hessian with a positive-definite matrix. Hessian-free methods leverage the ability to perform Hessian-vector multiplication without needing the entire Hessian matrix, but each iteration's complexity is significantly greater than quasi-Newton methods. In this paper we propose an alternative approach for solving ML problems based on a quasi-Newton trust-region framework for solving large-scale optimization problems that allow for indefinite Hessian approximations. Numerical experiments on a standard testing data set show that with a fixed computational time budget, the proposed methods achieve better results than the traditional limited-memory BFGS and the Hessian-free methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":49564174,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2958624776","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/10556788.2019.1624747","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1807.00251"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/1807.00251","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Tacrolimus (FK506) is a widely used immunosuppressive drug. Its effects on hepatic fibrosis have been controversial and attributed to immunosuppression. We show that in vitro FK506, inhibited synthesis of type I collagen polypeptides, without affecting expression of collagen mRNAs. In vivo, administration of FK506 at a dose of 4 mg\/kg completely prevented development of alcohol\/carbon tetrachloride induced liver fibrosis in rats. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) was absent in the FK506 treated livers and expression of collagen \u03b12(I) mRNA was at normal levels. Collagen \u03b11(I) mRNA was increased in the FK506 treated livers, but this mRNA was not translated into \u03b11(I) polypeptide. No significant inflammation was associated with the fibrosis model used. FK506 binding protein 3 (FKBP3) is one of cellular proteins which binds FK506 with high affinity. We discovered that FKBP3 interacts with LARP6 and LARP6 is the major regulator of translation and stability of collagen mRNAs. In the presence of FK506 the interaction between FKBP3 and LARP6 is weakened and so is the pull down of collagen mRNAs with FKBP3. We postulate that FK506 inactivates FKBP3 and that lack of interaction of LARP6 and FKBP3 results in aberrant translation of collagen mRNAs and prevention of fibrosis. This is the first report of such activity of FK506 and may renew the interest in using this drug to alleviate hepatic fibrosis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":3977827,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2073173352","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065897","PubMedCentral":"3670911","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article\/file?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0065897&type=printable","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"textabstractGovernments around the world use health insurance as an instrument to establish universal access to medical care. In some countries, e.g. Germany, the Netherlands and Switzerland, there is a trend towards managed competition among insurers and providers of care and towards higher levels of consumer cost sharing. A popular form of cost sharing is the voluntary deductible, i.e. the option for consumers to pay medical expenditures up to a certain amount themselves in return for a rebate on their out-of-pocket premium. Voluntary deductibles increase consumer choice and can reduce medical consumption.\nThis study focuses on some crucial policy choices concerning the premium rebate for a voluntary deductible in the particular context of a competitive, social health insurance market. Here, competitive means that consumers can periodically switch among insurance plans offered by risk-bearing insurers and social means that a sponsor (e.g. government) aims at realizing risk- and income solidarity. Regarding the social aspects, this thesis will only focus on risk solidarity, i.e. the cross-subsidies from low-risk (e.g. the young and healthy) to high-risk consumers (e.g. the old and unhealthy) intended to make insurance plans affordable for the latter. For curative care, social health insurance schemes with competitive elements can be found, for instance, in Belgium, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United States.\nIn a competitive market, insurers are forced to adjust the premium rebate to the difference in (expected) expenses between consumers who choose a deductible and those who do not. From a social perspective, this market-based rebate might be unacceptable. The goal of this study is to reveal some crucial policy choices and trade-offs concerning the market-based rebate and to examine the associated research questions. Although this study particularly focuses on the Dutch, German and Swiss context, the conclusions will be important for other countries as well.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":73006243,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2153509017","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine child and environmental factors known to be associated to language development and how they relate to results in expressive vocabulary, expressive language, and receptive language in language-delayed toddlers. The cross-sectional data on 96 French-speaking children aged 18\u201336 months were gathered at the point of entry into a longitudinal study of 2-year-old children displaying language delay. Measures of language, child development, and child and environmental factors were administered. When several factors individually associated with language development were considered concurrently, cognitive development was consistently associated with the outcomes. Other child factors, such as male gender and age, were also retained in the regression model explaining expressive vocabulary, whereas only age was added in the model explaining expressive language. Two environmental factors were involved in receptive language; that is, parental education and parental stress accounted for 8% of the variance. Factors linked to development varied across language modalities such that parental education and parental stress were related to comprehension but not to production. The findings suggest a strong biological trajectory for expressive language development and vocabulary production, which are not affected by environmental factors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":3,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":145127990,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2079708484","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/IYC.0b013e31823dca22","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Infection of mice with Listeria monocytogenes caused marked lymphocyte apoptosis in the white pulp of the spleen on day 2 postinfection. We prove in this study that listeriolysin O (LLO), a pore-forming molecule and a major virulence factor of Listeria, could directly induce murine lymphocyte apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro at nanomolar and subnanomolar doses. Induction of apoptosis by LLO was rapid, with caspase activation seen as early as 30 min post-treatment. T cells lost their mitochondrial membrane potential and exposed phosphatidylserine within 8 h of treatment. Incubation of lymphocytes with a pan-caspase inhibitor blocked DNA laddering and caspase-3 activation, but did not block phosphatidylserine exposure or loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. We describe a novel function for LLO: induction of lymphocyte apoptosis with rapid kinetics, effected by both caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":6029787,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1666331631","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.8.4866","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/journals.aai.org\/jimmunol\/article-pdf\/172\/8\/4866\/1177310\/4866.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Between 1485 and 1492, Cardinal Ascanio Sforza was the recipient of a music treatise composed for him by 'Florentius Musicus' (Florentius de Faxolis), who had served him in Naples and Rome. Now in Milan, the richly illuminated small parchment codex bears witness to the musical interests of the cardinal, himself an avid singer taught by Duke Ercole d'Este. Florentius, whose treatise, found in no other source, is edited here for the first time, evidently took the cardinal's predilections into account, for the \"Book on Music\" is unusual for its emphasis on 'the praises, power, utility, necessity, and effect of music': he devotes far more space to citations from classical and medieval authors than is the norm, and his elevated style shows that he aspires to appear as a humanist and not merely a technician. Likewise, the production quality of the manuscript indicates the acceptance of music's place within the high culture of the Quattrocento. The author's unusual insights into the musical thinking of his day are discussed in the ample commentary. The editors, a Renaissance musicologist (Bonnie Blackburn) and a classical scholar (Leofranc Holford-Strevens), have combined their disciplines to pay close attention both to Florentius' text and to his teachings.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2017-13":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":190967925,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"644362441","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctt1zxz014.46","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Health literacy is a complicated construct that depends on individual capacity to communicate and the demands posed by society and the health care system. More comprehensive tests are needed to understand the gap between capacities and current demands to help guide efforts to educate children and adults about health issues and to develop health-related information that more of the general public can understand. For research, new instruments are needed that will measure individuals reading fluency more precisely without posing an undue response burden. Computer-assisted testing, which selects items from a bank of possible items according to a baseline-predicted reading ability and responses to previous questions, should allow more accurate measurement of indiidual capacity without increasing the time required to complete testing. It remains unclear whether it is possible to develop an accurate, practical \"screening\" test to identify individuals with limited health literacy. Even if this goal is achieved, it remains unclear whether it is better to screen patients or to adopt \"universal precautions\" to avoid miscommunication by using plain language in all oral and written communication and confirming understanding with all patients by having them repeat back their understanding of their diagnosis and treatment plan. George Bernard Shaw said, \"The main problem with communication is the assumption that it has occurred.\" This is a universal truth that transcends reading ability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":41206475,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2006.00540.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc1831571?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The raw water of the waterworks in Kluizen contains high levels of NOM and alkalinity. The current treatment concept comprises enhanced coagulation followed by sludge blanket clarification, filtration, ozonation and Granular Activated Carbon filtration (GAC). A final disinfection with chlorine is applied. The enhanced coagulation, applied to achieve maximum NOM removal, requires a lot of chemicals and produces a lot of solid waste. In spite of this, the treated water still has a relatively high TOC content, resulting in a limited biostability. This disadvantage incited VMW to investigate an alternative treatment scheme consisting of magnetic ion exchange resin, ultrafiltration, ozonation, GAC filtration and chlorine disinfection. The alternative treatment scheme was operated over a two-year period in a pilot plant with a capacity of 50\u2009m 3 \/h, and its results with respect to water quality, chemical demand and operational costs were compared with those of the full-scale plant. The pilot treatment gives rise to an improved removal of NOM, which can be attributed mainly to the magnetic ion exchange resin process. This was shown to have a beneficial effect on both the biostability of the treated water and on the formation of disinfection by-products. The costs associated with the magnetic ion exchange resin process, which can be attributed mainly to resin loss and regeneration, are counterbalanced by cost savings due to lower chemical demand and solid waste formation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":95921077,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2002154161","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2166\/WS.2008.147","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the years preceding the modern civil rights era, cultural critics profoundly affected American letters through psychologically informed explorations of racial ideology and segregationist practice. Jay Garcia's probing look at how and why these critiques arose and the changes they wrought demonstrates the central role Richard Wright and his contemporaries played in devising modern antiracist cultural analysis. Departing from the largely accepted existence of a \"Negro Problem\", Wright and such literary luminaries as Ralph Ellison, Lillian Smith, and James Baldwin described and challenged a racist social order whose psychological undercurrents implicated all Americans and had yet to be adequately studied. Motivated by the elastic possibilities of clinical and academic inquiry, writers and critics undertook a rethinking of \"race\" and assessed the value of psychotherapy and psychological theory as antiracist strategies. Garcia examines how this new criticism brought together black and white writers and became a common idiom through fiction and nonfiction that attracted wide readerships. An illuminating picture of mid-twentieth-century American literary culture and learned life, \"Psychology Comes to Harlem\" reveals the critical and intellectual innovation of literary artists who bridged psychology and antiracism to challenge segregation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":141685351,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"582028325","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5860\/choice.50-2523","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Dispossession need not be the product of malicious intentions or a deliberate programme of accumulation. As I argue in this article, it may paradoxically be the consequence of social spending, or what I call dispossession through delivery. Using as a case study the proliferation of temporary relocation areas (TRAs) in post-apartheid Cape Town, I show how what appears as adequate housing from the municipal government's perspective exacerbates social isolation, perpetuates squatting and aggravates unemployment, transport costs and interpersonal violence. I draw on 17 months of ethnographic fieldwork in TRAs and land occupations, NGO reports and interviews with housing officials to understand dispossession through delivery in these relocation sites. While TRAs began as emergency housing in cases of environmental catastrophes, they have become regularised as a form of state-provisioned housing even in non-emergency situations and, above all, in cases of land occupations. They are but one of a range of technologies of delivery that facilitate dispossession, and I conclude this article with a discussion of how formal housing distribution and informal settlement upgrading have similar effects. When these various technologies of delivery are understood as bound together in a single articulation, 'dispossession through delivery' challenges the standard opposition between neoliberalism and social spending that characterises much of the literature and begins to map novel socio-spatial effects of one trajectory of urbanisation in a Southern city.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":158404742,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2767307147","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0042098017735244","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Twenty-four clones of tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] were investigated for genotypic association of six yield components, their effect on yield, and pluck quality value. The experiment was a completely randomized design with three replicates. Two yield components: weight of terminal bud and the first leaf were positively associated with yield. Path analysis showed that the value of genotypic correlation of terminal bud weight on yield (0.444) was similar to its direct effect (0.446). The weight of the first leaf showed maximum positive effect on yield. Hence, selection for higher yield in tea clones can be weight of terminal bud and first leaf in connection with tea quality selection. Differences in pluck quality values were significant (P = 0.05) among the tea clones studied. Clones UNK-1, 68, 228, 237, and 14 had the best pluck quality values in ascending order, while Clone 318 had the lowest.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":88909966,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2472937464","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The instantaneous and integrated leaf gas exchange of 13 species of southern hemisphere conifers grown under identical glasshouse conditions were examined to determine whether there was any correlation between the characteristics of water use at the leaf level and environmental water availability. \nIn the conifer species examined, the minimum ratio of internal to ambient CO2 measured in leaves during artificially imposed drought [(C-i\/C-a)(min)] was strongly correlated with the minimum rainfall observed within the natural range of each species. This suggests that the distributions of these species are constrained by the drought tolerance of their photosynthetic apparatus. \nA good correlation was found between the ratio of internal to ambient CO2 measured in leaves under optimal conditions (C-i\/C-a)(max) and leaf delta(13)C (and hence inferred integral [c(i)\/c(a)]). Neither of these, however, correlated with the environmental parameters considered most likely to be limiting species distribution, i.e, precipitation and altitude. \n \nThese data suggest that decreasing water availability may have been the major factor responsible for the restriction and extinction of conifers in the southern hemisphere.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":84011299,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1974796047","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1046\/J.1365-2435.1998.00213.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. Spatiotemporal data is data that has both temporal attributes and spatial distribution. The core of the opening and sharing of spatiotemporal data is to exchange, share and collaborate with various data, including spatiotemporal data, based on a unified spatiotemporal benchmark. The research methods of domestic and foreign scholars on the opening and sharing of spatiotemporal data mainly focus on spatiotemporal data model, database research, big data mining analysis and visual expression. This paper introduces the connotation and current situation of open sharing of spatiotemporal data. The typical applications of spatiotemporal data open sharing are listed and summarized. This paper proposes to build an open sharing platform for spatiotemporal data, and gives the basic requirements of four parts: spatiotemporal benchmark, spatiotemporal modeling big data, cloud computing-based spatiotemporal big data system and supporting environment. Taking the National Platform for Common Geospatial Information Services (TIANDITU) as an example, the main indicators of the spatiotemporal data open sharing platform are given. Finally, the article concludes and points out the opportunities and challenges faced by the open sharing of spatiotemporal data. In order to play a greater role in social public application services and administrative decision-making.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":249329854,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/isprs-archives-xliii-b4-2022-369-2022","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.int-arch-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net\/XLIII-B4-2022\/369\/2022\/isprs-archives-XLIII-B4-2022-369-2022.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the world of work of a company, there are many supporting aspects that support the running of a company, for example, employees. These things need to be considered so that the achievement of goals in the company can run well, by paying attention to motivation and an Islamic work environment that is expected to increase enthusiasm at work. In order to achieve these goals, employees need to be given the right motivation and Islamic work environment in order to have high performance so that they can provide maximum service to the community. This research uses quantitative methods and data collection techniques. The research is carried out by distributing questionnaires to employees of Bank Syariah Indonesia KCP Bogor Pomad which will then be used as samples. The results showed that the significant value for the effect of work motivation on employee performance was\u00a00.02 and the significant value of the Islamic work environment variable on employee performance was 0.00. This means that the X1 and X2 variables have an influence on the Y variable. \n\u00a0Keywords: Work motivation, Islamic work environment, employee performance","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":244644523,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.47467\/elmal.v5i1.639","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47467\/elmal.v5i1.639","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Older adults can benefit from technologies that help them to complete everyday tasks. However, they are an often-under-represented population in augmented reality (AR) research. We present the results of a study in which people aged 50 years or older were asked to perform actions by interpreting visual AR prompts in a lab setting. Our results show that users were less successful at completing actions when using ARROW and HIGHLIGHT augmentations than when using ghosted OBJECT or GHOSTHAND augmentations. We found that user confidence in performing actions varied according to action and augmentation type. Users preferred combined AUDIO+TEXT prompts (our control condition) overall, but the GHOSTHAND was the most preferred visual prompt. We discuss reasons for these differences and provide insight for developers of AR content for older adults. Our work provides the first comparative study of AR with older adults in a non-industrial context.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":233987366,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/3411764.3445476","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/purehost.bath.ac.uk\/ws\/files\/217902555\/AROlderAdults_CHI2021.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This second edition volume discusses the revolutionary development of faster and less expensive DNA sequencing technologies from the past 10 years and focuses on general technologies that can be utilized by a wide array of plant biologists to address specific questions in their favorite model systems. This book is organized into five parts. Part I examines the tools and methods required for identifying epigenetic and conformational changes at the whole-genome level. Part II presents approaches used to determine key aspects of a genes function, such as techniques used to identify and characterize gene regulatory networks. This is followed by a discussion of tools used to analyze the levels of mRNA, mRNA translation rates and metabolites. Part III features a compilation of forward and reverse genetic approaches that include recent implementation of high-throughput sequencing in classical methodologies such as QTL mapping. The final two parts explore strategies to facilitate and accelerate the generation and testing of functional DNA elements and basic computational tools used to facilitate the use of systems biology approached by a broad spectrum of plant researchers. Written in the highly successful Methods of Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols and key tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.Practical and timely, Plant Functional Genomics: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition highlights the latest developments in DNA sequencing technologies that are likely to continue shaping the future of functional genomics.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":89474771,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2531894734","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The concept of a multi-mode engine is introduced to modern engine designs in order to obtain improved engine performance by having the combined advantages of different engine technologies. Since last decade, Engine Downsizing\" was becoming the most well-known technology that was applied to commercial vehicles. It achieves the desired performance with a smaller displacement engine whilst providing improved fuel economy and reduced emissions. In order to further improve the performance of a downsized engine, additional engine technologies, such as direct injection and the Miller cycle are also applied.\nHowever, current studies of a downsized engine with Miller cycle operation focus more on the reduction of emissions. The studies of the performance improvement of an engine in terms of its potential utilization are still limited. In addition, a combination of two different technologies (e.g. Miller cycle with engine downsizing) requires a careful pro vs. cons analysis in order to find out a proper trade-off. This analysis is challenging and complicated when more technologies are involved.\nIn order to deal with the energy shortage and low emissions targets, the overall efficiency of a modern engine need to be improved further and this requires a detailed understanding of the engine performance potentials and an innovative engine operation strategy to utilize these potentials. The aim of this project is to determine the improvement potential of a downsized engine by using the entropy generation method. An optimized engine performance strategy is proposed based on the minimum amount of generated entropy\nThis thesis presents the new methodologies to assess the improvement potential of a downsized engine using entropy generation minimisation. It analyses the engine performance in terms of the wasted work potential. Firstly, the entropy generation of various engine cycles is investigated. This is followed by a complete entropy generation model of a turbocharged, downsized engine.\nThe results show that the irreversibility is proportional to the amount of generated entropy, and thus entropy generation is able to address the system performance directly. In terms of an internal combustion engine, the main causes of entropy generation are due to heat transfer from the gas to the coolant, combustion, exhaust flow, and friction.\nResults show that the boost pressure ratio will reach a limit where further increase beyond this limitation will lead to an increase in entropy generation, and thus worsen the engine performance, eventually. Further analysis shows that this increase in entropy generation is caused by the heat transfer from the gas to the coolant.\nFinally, relevant analyses show that entropy generation due to combustion and exhaust flow are reduced with further downsizing, although those two factors still contribute to a large percentage of the overall entropy generation.\nAs a result, the causes of the wasted fuel energy potential are in the following order, from strong to weak: combustion, heat transfer from the gas to the coolant, exhaust flow, and friction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":158986419,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2776443069","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Odontogenic infection may be dangerous; especially when life-threatening complications occur. Infection spreads through the bone and periosteum toward nearby or more distant structures and spaces. Canine fossa abscess is an odontogenic infection that can lead to life-threatening complications. Successful treatment requires early recognition, determination of etiological factors, and proper medical and surgical management. The aim of this paper is to emphasize different and rare etiological factors that can play a role in odontogenic abscesses that can lead to complications. Case report (J Int Dent Med Res 2013; 6: (1), pp. 36-39)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":68484492,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"809268490","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Phytochemical study on the stem bark of Polyalthia cauliflora var. cauliflora obtained from Pahang, Malaysia has been conducted. The separation of the chemical components were carried out by various chromatography techniques and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including nuclear magnetic resonance (1D and 2D NMR) as well as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Five flavones and two chalcones were isolated and has been identified as 3,7-dimethoxy5-hydroxyflavone (1), 5,8-dihydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone (2), tetrochrysin (3), 6,7-dimethoxy-5-hydroxyflavone (4), 5hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyflavone (5), 2',4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxychalcone (6) and 2',6'-dihydroxychalcone (7). Isolated chalcone, 2',4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxychalcone (6) was tested against three cell lines. Compound (6) shows active activity against HL-60 with IC50 = 5.1 \u03bcg\/ml and moderate activity with IC50 12.2 \u03bcg\/ml and 12.5 \u03bcg\/ml against HeLa and MCF-7, respectively.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":92978188,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"784031560","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As an alternative to the traditional process based on the use of sulfides, an unhairing process in drum by hydrogen peroxide was developed for the production of high-quality bovine upper leather. A preliminary investigation at laboratory scale has allowed us to set out the optimal process conditions, in terms of H 2 O 2 dosage and pH, in order to achieve an effective unhairing and a compatible swelling of the hide. The pilot and industrial scale runs have assessed the industrial feasibility of the process that allows the production of a versatile base for different final applications of the leather (either chrome or vegetable tanned), and appear practical to implement as well as compatible with existing machinery. The finished leather obtained by the innovative unhairing process shows good physical-mechanical and technical properties comparable with those of the traditional process, and the leather was technically assessed as satisfactory and suitable for use in the production of high quality upper leathers. The major pollutants of the oxidative unhairing, either as absolute concentrations or if normalized with respect to the salted weight of hide processed, appear quite similar to those from the traditional process. The evident advantage is obviously the complete absence of dissolved sulfides in the exhaust baths of the oxidative process. Scanning electron microscopy was used as investigation method to better understand the mechanism of the oxidative unhairing in comparison with the traditional.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":53442703,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1571368270","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Octyl-)3-thioglucopyranoside (octyl thioglucoside, OTG) is a nonionic surfactant used for the purification, reconstitution, and crystallization of membrane proteins. The thermodynamic properties of the OTG-membrane partition equilibrium are not known and have been investigated here with high-sensitivity titration calorimetry. The critical concentration for inducing the bilayer ;# micelle transition was determined as cD = 7.3 mM by 90\u00b0 light scattering. All thermodynamic studies were performed well below this limit. Sonified, unilamellar lipid vesicles composed of 1 -palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero3-phosphocholine (POPC) with and without cholesterol were employed in the titration calorimetry experiments, and the temperature was varied between 280C and 450C. Depending on the surfactant concentration in the membrane, the partition enthalpy was found to be exothermic or endothermic, leading to unusual titration patterns. A quantitative interpretation of all titration curves was possible with the following model: 1) The partitioning of OTG into the membrane follows a simple partition law, i.e., Xb = KcDf, where Xb denotes the molar amount of detergent bound per mole of lipid and CDf is the detergent concentration in bulk solution. 2) The partition enthalpy for the transfer of OTG from the aqueous phase to the membrane depends linearly on the mole fraction, R, of detergent in the membrane. All calorimetric OTG titration curves can be characterized quantitatively by using a composition-dependent partition enthalpy of the form AHD(R) = -0.08 + 1.7 R (kcal\/mol) (at 280C). At low OTG concentrations (R ' 0.05) the reaction enthalpy is exothermic; it becomes distinctly endothermic as more and more surfactant is incorporated into the membrane. OTG has a partition constant of 240 M-1 and is more hydrophobic than its oxygen-containing analog, octyl-,B-D-glucopyranoside (OG). Including a third nonionic amphiphile, octa(ethyleneoxide) dodecylether (C12E08), an empirical relation can be established between the Gibbs energies of membrane partitioning, AGP, and micelle formation, AGmic, with AGp = 1.398 + 0.647 AGmic (kcal\/mol). The partition constant of OTG is practically independent of temperature and of the cholesterol content of the membrane. In contrast, the partition enthalpy shows a strong temperature dependence. The molar specific heat capacity of the transfer of OTG from the aqueous phase to the membrane is ACp = -98 cal\/(mol-K). The OTG partition enthalpy is also dependent on the cholesterol content of the membrane. It increases by -1 kcal\/mol at 50 mol% cholesterol. As the partition constant remains unchanged, the increase in enthalpy is compensated for by a corresponding increase in entropy, presumably caused by a restructuring of the membrane hydration layer.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":249924975,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the last few years, evidence has accumulated that calcifying organisms are likely to be affected by ocean acidification. Therefore, the production of calcium carbonate will probably decline, although conversely global warming, increasing stratification and sea level rise may also stimulate increases in global calcification. As acidification reaches the deep ocean, it will cause pronounced shallowing of the lysocline depths for calcite and aragonite, leading most probably to an almost complete cessation of deep-sea calcium carbonate burial for some centuries. Here, I briefly review the consequences of these and other changes on future ocean calcium carbonate cycling, and the consequences of this for future climate. Associated climate impacts are not likely to be significant over the next few centuries, but will become increasingly important thereafter. After the carbonate compensation response to acidification has run its course, extra CO2 is expected to be left behind in the atmosphere, protecting against future ice ages.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":23135945,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2112795136","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/PLANKT\/FBM105","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Problem statement: For the purpose of low flows regionalization, relevant issue for water resources management like environmental flows requirements definition, this study focused on the controls on the seasonal and spatial variability of q95 (i.e., the specific discharge that was exceeded on 95% of all the time) with particular reference to the role of soil characteristics, that, like soil infiltration rate, aquifers recharge, evapotranspiration and topography, usually play a relevant role in low flows seasonality and occurrence within a river. Approach: Piemonte and Valle d'Aosta Regions (North-Western Italy) were the investigated study area (30,027 km2) where 41 catchments were analyzed with the aim of robust regression models enabling the transfer of hydrological information from gauged to un-gauged sites. Results: The regionalization method consisted of multiple regression models between low flows and catchment characteristics. Twenty-five catchment descriptors were used, checking their relative influence with the multi-regressive procedure and a special attention was devoted to the selection of significant soil characteristics in the regionalization process. Seasonality indices were used to classify catchments into two sub-regions and separate multiple regressions was performed by checking the prediction performance with cross-validation. Also a global regression was fitted out but it yielded a lower performance. In the study domain land use, topography and Thornthwaite moisture index demonstrated to be the most significant variables in order to represent relationships between catchment soil characteristics and low flows regime. Conclusion\/Recommendations: Results obtained in this study were comparable with other regionalization studies carried out in Austria and Switzerland. The interpretation of the identified regression models provided, at local scale, new tools for water management and environmental flows requirements and, from a wider point of view, useful insights into the general comprehension of low flows processes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":58904475,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2130668354","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3844\/AJESSP.2009.536.546","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"INTRODUCTION\nDesmoid tumors are rare soft tissue tumors derived from musculoaponeurotic structures of the abdominal wall musculature. Although they are considered benign tumors because they don't metastasize to other parts of the body, they are clinically considered as malignant for their high tendency on infiltrative growth with local invasion and trend to recurrence after local excision. Several reconstructive techniques are proposed in the literature.\n\n\nMETHODS\nNine female patients with abdominal desmoid tumors underwent the removal of a mass of tissue running from the skin to peritoneum near the tumor with a safety margin in macroscopically normal tissue at least of 5 centimeters from the edge of the tumor. After wide excision, a polypropylene mesh was placed in the rear muscular pocket without anchoring suture (sliding mesh sutureless hernioplasty)\n\n\nRESULTS\nNo patients had perioperative complications or abdominal wall weakness or an incisional hernia in the following 5 years.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nWe consider this technique of abdominal wall reconstruction after desmoid tumor removal a simple procedure that reduces relapsing events and recurrences of abdominal hernia, reducing tension and pain caused by the traditional suture repair technique.\n\n\nLEVEL OF EVIDENCE\nIV.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":2337267,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2405782902","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Alternative pre\u2013messenger RNA splicing impacts development, physiology, and disease, but its regulation in humans is not well understood, partially due to the limited scale to which the expression of specific splicing events has been measured. We generated the first genome-scale expression compendium of human alternative splicing events using custom whole-transcript microarrays monitoring expression of 24,426 alternative splicing events in 48 diverse human samples. Over 11,700 genes and 9,500 splicing events were differentially expressed, providing a rich resource for studying splicing regulation. An unbiased, systematic screen of 21,760 4-mer to 7-mer words for cis-regulatory motifs identified 143 RNA 'words' enriched near regulated cassette exons, including six clusters of motifs represented by UCUCU, UGCAUG, UGCU, UGUGU, UUUU, and AGGG, which map to trans-acting regulators PTB, Fox, Muscleblind, CELF\/CUGBP, TIA-1, and hnRNP F\/H, respectively. Each cluster showed a distinct pattern of genomic location and tissue specificity. For example, UCUCU occurs 110 to 35 nucleotides preceding cassette exons upregulated in brain and striated muscle but depleted in other tissues. UCUCU and UGCAUG appear to have similar function but independent action, occurring 5' and 3', respectively, of 33% of the cassette exons upregulated in skeletal muscle but co-occurring for only 2%.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"2013-48":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":8795337,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper we propose an end-to-end solution for urban infrastructure-to-vehicle traffic data delivery based on a class of unequal error protection (UEP) rateless codes called expanding window fountain (EWF) codes. The proposed solution relies on attractive features that rateless codes introduce to networks with unpredictable dynamics: the universal capacity approaching property which is well-matched to time-varying behavior of wireless links, and the innovative nature of each encoded packet which makes both time-consuming retransmission and content-reconciliation mechanisms unnecessary. Furthermore, usage of EWF codes allows separation of delivered data in importance classes with different error protection and recovery time guarantees, enabling mobile users to retrieve more important information more reliably and in shorter time span, thus making the proposed solution suitable for time-critical services. The addressed urban communication scenario consists of large number of sensors that sample and relay traffic flow information to network of Access Points (APs). APs use the existing underlying communication infrastructure, such as metropolitan area networks (MANs), to exchange traffic flow data, encode it using EWF coding principles, and finally disseminate it to roaming vehicles that join the network service in an ad-hoc manner in order to retrieve information regarding the surrounding environment. The proposed approach is suitable for real-time applications, such as frequent periodic reporting of urban traffic conditions, that could be used by on-board computers to provide improved navigation for end-users.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":13132381,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2079321815","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2011.110110","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Two opposing trends are currently shaping relations between the European Union and Latin America. On the one hand, political signals in both regions are positive and point the way to closer ties in the future; on the other hand, the situation with regard to the Union's trade with Latin America has worsened appreciably, with the region's trade surplus giving way to a deficit for the first time in four decades. This trend may jeopardize the progress made thus far. If we do not act now, trade-related tensions, the reduction of development assistance and the appearance of social or environmental trade restrictions may cast a shadow over the bilateral situation, causing the two regions to become what we might describe as distant friends. If, however, existing political signs that the regions are drawing closer together lead them to take decisions that actually do improve their economic relations, then the two regions may form a mutually beneficial relationship and become genuine partners. If this is to happen, the two regions must place a higher priority on one other, agree upon a strategic, long-term agenda and resolve some specific trade problems. In this article the author examines these issues, presents an analysis of the reversal of the trading position and of the perils of inaction, and offers some thoughts regarding this strategic vision of a new kind of economic relationship between the two regions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":2,"2024-26":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":156031347,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2211794544","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sir, I read with interest the article by Tempest et al. on a re-evaluation of the role of rotational forceps. Their elegant study clearly shows that assisted vaginal birth by Kielland forceps is an effective and safe means to achieving a vaginal delivery when malposition complicates the second stage of labour, if undertaken by experienced hands. Aye, there's the rub. Experienced hands. Experienced hands are an increasingly rare commodity. I reviewed the maternity theatre register of a district general hospital where I once worked in 1993: middle-grade cover was provided by two doctors in training and one non-career post. In the space of 1 year, the two doctors in training each performed approximately 160 caesarean sections. I reviewed the maternity theatre register of the same hospital in 2011. The delivery numbers and caesarean section rate were broadly unchanged. But the staffing level was vastly different. In order to comply with the European Working Time Directive (EWTD), middle-grade cover was provided by seven doctors in training. In addition, some resident cover was also provided by consultants. In 2011, on average, trainees were performing 50 caesarean sections per annum. This demonstrates the massive reduction in practical experience that doctors in training gain, which has come with no corresponding increase in the time spent in training. Because of this reduction in practical experience and a lack of experienced hands, I believe it is unlikely that we will witness a return to the increased use of rotational forceps \u2013 at least in the foreseeable future. This study was run between 2006 and 2010. The full impact of the EWTD only came into force in 2009. There is well-documented evidence on the negative effect of the EWTD on the practical skills gained by doctors in training as well as the intensity with which practical skills are learned. And as a result, I feel trainees are less likely to opt for using an instrument that they may feel inadequately trained to use. And because of the perceived risks (real or otherwise) associated with the use of rotational forceps, local guidelines may well be designed to discourage their use. It is unfortunate that a safe and effective alternative to caesarean section for malposition complicating the second stage of labour is unlikely to be widely adopted because of a lack of experienced hands to teach the technique. Caesarean section in the second stage of labour is fraught with difficulties and dangers. It may be that the driving force for the re-introduction of Kielland forceps will be when we fully recognise the harm caused by caesarean sections performed at full cervical dilatation for malposition. Particularly so if these caesarean sections are undertaken by obstetricians who have had significantly less experience than trainees once had.&","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":35114769,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1977731052","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12386","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"arises whethertlhey have not been preserved in fossil leaves. F'rom their occurrence on so small a percentage of the leaves, this is less probable than in manly other plants where glands are produced the season through; and an examiniationi of such specimens and figures as I had access to failed to show me a single instanice of their preservation. Prof. Lesquieretux, however, wvrites me that they are of regular occurrence irn varying numbers and position, on the tertiary P. glandulifera Heer; in which they have been figured by Heer.\" W*hether this is an autonomous species, or merely based on the early, glanduliferous leaves of some other species, I am unable to say, but one might almost expect the latter to be the case.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":84557852,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2003971865","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1086\/325531","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/325531","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Multi-View Stereo (MVS) algorithms scale poorly on large image sets, and quickly become unfeasible to run on a single machine with limited memory. Typical solutions to lower the complexity include reducing the redundancy of the image set (view selection), and dividing the image set in groups to be processed independently (view clustering). A novel formulation for view selection is proposed here. We express the problem with an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model, where cameras are modeled with binary variables, while the linear constraints enforce the completeness of the 3D reconstruction. The solution of the ILP leads to an optimal subset of selected cameras. As a second contribution, we integrate ILP camera selection with a view clustering approach which exploits Leveraged Affinity Propagation (LAP). LAP clustering can efficiently deal with large camera sets. We adapt the original algorithm so that it provides a set of overlapping clusters where the minimum and maximum sizes and the number of overlapping cameras can be specified. Evaluations on four different dataset show our solution provides significant complexity reductions and guarantees near-perfect coverage, making large reconstructions feasible even on a single machine.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":18036041,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1989293513","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/3DV.2014.25","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Studies in cultured neurons have shown that neurofilaments are cargoes of axonal transport that move rapidly but intermittently along microtubule tracks. However, the extent to which axonal neurofilaments move in vivo has been controversial. Some researchers have proposed that most axonally transported neurofilaments are deposited into a persistently stationary network and that only a small proportion of axonal neurofilaments are transported in mature axons. Here we use the fluorescence photoactivation pulse-escape technique to test this hypothesis in intact peripheral nerves of adult male hThy1-paGFP-NFM mice, which express low levels of mouse neurofilament protein M tagged with photoactivatable GFP. Neurofilaments were photoactivated in short segments of large, myelinated axons, and the mobility of these fluorescently tagged polymers was determined by analyzing the kinetics of their departure. Our results show that >80% of the fluorescence departed the window within 3 h after activation, indicating a highly mobile neurofilament population. The movement was blocked by glycolytic inhibitors, confirming that it was an active transport process. Thus, we find no evidence for a substantial stationary neurofilament population. By extrapolation of the decay kinetics, we predict that 99% of the neurofilaments would have exited the activation window after 10 h. These data support a dynamic view of the neuronal cytoskeleton in which neurofilaments cycle repeatedly between moving and pausing states throughout their journey along the axon, even in mature myelinated axons. The filaments spend a large proportion of their time pausing, but on a timescale of hours, most of them move.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":257404602,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0029-23.2023","PubMedCentral":"10035772","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper a low-power evaluation of image decoding using fractals is presented. Fractal coding is asymmetrical in nature meaning that the encoder and the decoder have not the same computational complexity. Although fractal encoding is very complex in terms of computation, the computational requirements of fractal decoding are very small favoring low power consumption. Structural algorithmic properties of fractal decoding also favor low-power. Comparison with other classical decoding techniques shows that significant power savings can be achieved by using fractal decoding. This is very important for portable applications if the fact that the decoder is usually the mobile part of a system is taken into consideration.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":60616256,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1832129894","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICECS.1996.584470","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"VG Elemental Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICPMS), PlasmaQuad 1 (PQ1) Model No. 4, installed in a radiohood, is used by the Savannah River Technology Center to provide non-routine mass measurements for environmental monitoring, waste tank characterization studies, isotope ratios for criticality determinations, and the measurement of elemental, fission product, and actinide mass distributions of the glass product from the Defense Waste Processing Facility (DWPF). Modifications to improve instrument reliability, sample preparation, and data handling, as well as modifications to the laboratory that permit measurements in a radioactive environment will be discussed. Based on our operating experience, two laboratory facilities are being prepared for additional instruments to operate in a radioactive environment. A separate instrument is being installed for non-radioactive measurements and method development.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2013-20":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":96752975,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2147655707","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1520\/STP15724S","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. Many climate extremes, including heatwaves and heavy\nprecipitation events, are projected to worsen under climate change, with\nimportant impacts for society. Future projections required for adaptation\nare often based on climate model simulations. Given finite resources,\ntrade-offs must be made concerning model resolution, ensemble size, and level\nof model complexity. Here we focus on the resolution component. A given\nresolution can be achieved over a region using either global climate models\n(GCMs) or at lower cost using regional climate models (RCMs) that\ndynamically downscale coarser GCMs. Both approaches to increasing resolution\nmay better capture small-scale processes and features (downscaling effect),\nbut increased GCM resolution may also improve the representation of the\nlarge-scale atmospheric circulation (upscaling effect). The size of this\nupscaling effect is therefore important for deciding modelling strategies.\nHere we evaluate the benefits of increased model resolution for both global\nand regional climate models for simulating temperature, precipitation, and\nwind extremes over Europe at resolutions that could currently be\nrealistically used for coordinated sets of climate projections at the\npan-European scale. First we examine the benefits of regional downscaling by\ncomparing EURO-CORDEX simulations at 12.5 and 50\u2009km resolution to their\ncoarser CMIP5 driving simulations. Secondly, we compare global-scale\nHadGEM3-A simulations at three resolutions (130, 60, and 25\u2009km). Finally, we\nseparate out resolution-dependent differences for HadGEM3-A into downscaling\nand upscaling components using a circulation analogue technique. Results\nsuggest limited benefits of increased resolution for heatwaves, except in\nreducing hot biases over mountainous regions. Precipitation extremes are\nsensitive to resolution, particularly over complex orography, with larger\ntotals and heavier tails of the distribution at higher resolution,\nparticularly in the CORDEX vs. CMIP5 analysis. CMIP5 models underestimate\nprecipitation extremes, whilst CORDEX simulations overestimate compared to\nE-OBS, particularly at 12.5\u2009km, but results are sensitive to the\nobservational dataset used, with the MESAN reanalysis giving higher totals\nand heavier tails than E-OBS. Wind extremes are somewhat stronger and\nheavier tailed at higher resolution, except in coastal regions where large\ncoastal grid boxes spread strong ocean winds further over land. The\ncirculation analogue analysis suggests that differences with resolution for\nthe HadGEM3-A GCM are primarily due to downscaling effects.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":204809466,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2977614893","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/gmd-2019-253","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/gmd.copernicus.org\/articles\/13\/5583\/2020\/gmd-13-5583-2020.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The study developed a Web-based Integrated Information System for Sir George Pension House. The proposed system was designed to enable the guest to view the room status before making reservation, the receptionist to check on the availability of the rooms, and the administrator to cancel a reservation. This proposed system was limited to the following applications: browsing of rooms and generating reports. The system could not accept online payment. The database used for the system is sgphinfosystem, a warehouse of data used to store all the information that are inputted by the user. Only authorized personnel are allowed to access, create, and update functions in the database. The Web-based Interactive Information System offers the pension house several advantages such as efficiency in the monitoring and updating of data inputted in the system and convenience in the management of all transactions. The system allows the customers to make reservations online. Furthermore, the system effortlessly introduces the pension house to both local and international communities. KEYWORDS - Information system, reservation, inquiry, reports, E-commerce , Web \u2013 Based, Integrated","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":110782756,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2061222900","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7828\/AITR.V1I1.188","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"\"Organisational violence\" involves wilful, illegal business behaviour that has the potential to harm workers, consumers, or the environment. We use a combined perspective from the fields of political economy and criminology to examine the incongruously high level of organisational violence among Chinese firms that exists despite robust efforts by the government to put forth regulatory laws that prohibit it. As the explanation for this incongruity, we assert two conditions that synergistically interact in a bidirectional relationship: 1) the complex legal structural barriers to effective enforcement against organisational violence caused by a politically biased and administratively fragmented Chinese political system, and 2) a socially disorganised business environment that does not recursively message the wrongfulness of organisational violence. The analysis rejects not only financial gain as a relevant factor in the commission of organisational violence but also other current perspectives on the causes of organisational violence in China.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":157220777,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2578957647","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/186810261604500307","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/186810261604500307","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As innovation is an extremely important aspect of economic progress, then new technologies and improving existing ones must be evaluated for establishing the state of innovative culture and the ability to develop technology. The Colombian Innova award for Entrepreneurial Technological Innovation for SMEs was created in 2004, aimed at motivating technological and innovative development in this type of company. It also represents an important state initiative for promoting entrepreneurial innovation, providing a valuable source of information for establishing mechanisms for producing innovation in companies and gauging the current state of Colombian SMEs regarding innovation. This article outlines the structure of the award value chain, following-up and analysing the award's results, understanding how it is awarded and identifying the actors involved in it. Analysing the award value chain led to identifying the lack of coordination between the National Innovation System (NIS) and companies and establishing participants and award-winners' geographical and sector distribution (contrasts being found between cities such as Bogot\u00e1, Medell\u00edn and Cali). The characteristics of processes leading to promoting innovation in participating companies (in most cases developing their innovative products or processes in completely organisationally endogenous contexts) were thus identified. These results (providing valuable information for strengthening the award) also provided important input for strengthening strategies for promoting innovation in Colombian SMEs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":110393914,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2040795844","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15446\/ing.investig.v27n2.14839","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15446\/ing.investig.v27n2.14839","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper presents the effect of acid treatment on the structure of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) bundles and on the characteristics of SWNT-based gas sensors. The commercial SWNT powder was treated with a mixture of concentrated H2SO4:HNO3 (3:1 in volume) before used to fabricate sensors for ammonia (NH3) detection at room temperature. The Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images indicated that the acid treatment not only removed most of catalytic particles from the SWNT bundles, but also caused SWNT bundles to be fragile. The fracture of the SWNT facilitated for gas molecules to adsorb in the SWNT sites, leading to an enhancement in sensitivity of the sensors. Upon exposing to 50 ppm NH3 in 450 sccm of nitrogen flowing rate at room temperature, the resistance of the 2-h-stirred sensors increased to 38% compared to 22% of the 1-h-stirred sensor. The recovery of the SWNT sensor was also accelerated owing to the treatment. These findings opened a new direction to improve the characteristics of SWNT-based gas sensors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137470173,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2019232728","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/SSP.124-126.1173","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"During the Pleistocene, east of Lago Buenos Aires, Argentina, at 46.5 \u00b0S, at least 19 terminal moraines were deposited as piedmont glaciers from the Patagonian ice cap advanced onto the semi-arid high plains adjacent to the southern Andes. Exceptional preservation of these deposits offers a rare opportunity to document ice-cap fluctuations during the last 1.2 m.y. 4 0 Ar\/ 3 9 Ar incremental-heating and unspiked K-Ar experiments on four basaltic lava flows interbedded with the moraines provide a chronologic framework for the entire glacial sequence. The 4 0 Ar\/ 3 9 Ar isochron ages of three lavas that overlie till 90 km east of the Cordillera at Lago Buenos Aires, and another 120 km from the Andes along Rio Gallegos at 51.8 \u00b0S that underlies till, strongly suggest that the ice cap reached its greatest eastward extent ca. 1100 ka. At least six moraines were deposited within the 256 k.y. period bracketed by basaltic eruptions at 1016 \u2032 10 ka and 760 \u2032 14 ka. Similarly, six younger, more proximal moraines were deposited during an \u223c651 k.y. period bracketed by an underlying 760 \u2032 14 ka basalt and the 109 \u2032 3 ka Cerro Volcan basalt flow that buried all six moraines. Coupled with in situ cosmogenic surface exposure ages of moraine boulders, the 109 ka age of Cerro Volcan implies that moraines deposited during the penultimate local glaciation correspond to marine oxygen isotope stage 6. Further westward toward Lago Buenos Aires, six additional moraines younger than the Cerro Volcan basalt flow occur. Surface exposure dating of boulders on these moraines, combined with the 1 4 C age of overlying varved lacustrine sediment, indicates deposition during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 23-16 ka). Although Antarctic dust records signal an important Patagonian glaciation at 60-40 ka, moraines corresponding to marine oxygen isotope stage 4 are not preserved at Lago Buenos Aires; apparently, these were overrun and obliterated by the younger ice advance at 23 ka. Notwithstanding, the overall pattern of glaciation in Patagonia is one of diminishing eastward extent of ice during successive glacial advances over the past 1 m.y. We hypothesize that tectonically driven uplift of the Patagonian Andes, which began in the Pliocene, yet continued into the Quaternary, in part due to subduction of the Chile rise spreading center during the past 2 m.y., maximized the ice accumulation area and ice extent by 1.1 Ma. Subsequent deep glacial erosion has reduced the accumulation area, resulting in less extensive glaciers over time.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":12129695,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1995624036","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1130\/B25177.1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Using data from embedded participant-observers and a field experiment at the second largest mobile phone factory in the world, located in China, I theorize and test the implications of transparent organizational design on workers' productivity and organizational performance. Drawing from theory and research on learning and control, I introduce the notion of a transparency paradox, whereby maintaining observability of workers may counterintuitively reduce their performance by inducing those being observed to conceal their activities through codes and other costly means; conversely, creating zones of privacy may, under certain conditions, increase performance. Empirical evidence from the field shows that even a modest increase in group-level privacy sustainably and significantly improves line performance, while qualitative evidence suggests that privacy is important in supporting productive deviance, localized experimentation, distraction avoidance, and continuous improvement. I discuss implications of these results for theory on learning and control and suggest directions for future research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":144584384,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2894576377","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0001839212453028","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/www.hbs.edu\/faculty\/Publication Files\/Bernstein_TransparencyParadox_ASQ_June2012_cdaaee20-3a45-4a07-8867-9761a5d4b5e8.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose \n \n \n \n \nThe paper aims to identify and analyze the actors and their interrelationships in realizing local content objectives in African oil- and gas-producing nations. \n \n \n \n \nDesign\/methodology\/approach \n \n \n \n \nThe paper includes content analysis of relevant research papers and reports within the oil and gas industry, local content and industrial networks published between 2000 and 2014. \n \n \n \n \nFindings \n \n \n \n \nThe study developed a framework that integrates the literature on local content with the industrial network theory. The framework classifies the various critical actors for achieving local content, proposing that achieving local content requires the development of business network links and a resource alignment among local companies and institutions and foreign companies and institutions, in addition to multinational oil companies. \n \n \n \n \nResearch limitations\/implications \n \n \n \n \nThe framework of this study contributes to an emerging theory on local content by integrating the industrial network theory, which provides specific frameworks for analyzing embedded business environments, along with the previous economic and legal-based studies of local content achievement. \n \n \n \n \nPractical implications \n \n \n \n \nThe way the relevant actors organize their resources and business networks provides potential for local content in an emerging oil and gas industry in Africa. \n \n \n \n \nOriginality\/value \n \n \n \n \nThe paper is one of the few to integrate studies of local content with the industrial network theory. The literature review provides a summary window of the research on the subject over a 14-year period.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":157260489,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2552561470","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1108\/IJESM-06-2014-0006","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper reports on a major study for the UK Department for Transport that has involved deliberative research to explore how public attitudes (and motivations for such attitudes) towards road pricing influence public acceptability. The research involved reconvened focus groups in a number of areas of the country that were considering road pricing. The first phase of fieldwork took place in eight areas (with a total of 446 participants) meeting twice. The second phase of research, involved the same participants from five (and latterly three) of the areas meeting for an additional three group discussions and a workshop with follow-up depth interviews. In the course of successive sessions participants were taken through a process from considering the problem and causes of congestion, through potential solutions to congestion, to general and then specific propositions for road pricing. \nThe authors developed two conceptual model of road pricing acceptability that provided a research framework for the study \u2013 one concerning four sequential stages of acceptability at the individual level and the other addressing aggregate acceptability against time. The paper sets out these models, drawing upon the richness of empirical insight to reveal a number of key determinants of public acceptability and how acceptability can change. \nKey findings explored in the paper include the following: the public recognise that congestion is a problem for the country but many do not consider it a serious problem for themselves; there is scepticism over whether congestion is a soluble problem and following on from this that people may prefer to cope with it in their own way; and road pricing is initially viewed with widespread negative reaction but this reaction softens in some people as their understanding of the issues improves while in others negativity is hardened. Finally the heterogeneity of attitudes and acceptability suggests a corresponding selective and targeted approach to any communications strategy intended to impact upon acceptability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":129326461,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1501450563","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents a robust actuator fault reconstruction scheme for linear uncertain systems using sliding mode observers. In existing work, fault reconstruction via sliding mode observers is limited to either linear certain systems subject to unknown inputs, relative degree one systems or a specific class of relative degree two systems. This paper presents a new method that is applicable to a wider class of systems with relative degree higher than one, and can also be used for systems with more unknown inputs than outputs. The method uses two sliding mode observers in cascade. Signals from the first observer are processed and used to drive the second observer. Overall, this results in actuator fault reconstruction being feasible for a wider class of systems than using existing methods. A simulation example verifies the claims made in this paper. Copyright \u00a9 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":54981614,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2013550819","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/RNC.1170","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An ideal combination of both system planning and process control can greatly reduce system cost and maximize economic and environmental benefits associated with marine oily wastewater treatment. If appropriate process control is not implemented during the system planning procedure, there might be potential benefits lost because traditional planning tends to be more conservative and less risk-taking. However, such integration is oftentimes complicated by many factors such as multi-scale nature of decisions, the lack of knowledge of process dynamics and control, and various types of uncertainties. How to more accurately couple process control with system planning has been a major roadblock in the wide application of the marine oily wastewater treatment systems. To date, there has been no such attempt made to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of coupling system planning and process control on marine oily wastewater treatment. This research therefore aims at demonstrating the possible integration of process control with traditional system planning by using neural networks, genetic algorithm, multistage principle, and Monte Carlo simulation. A case study that is related to offshore water use and wastewater treatment is carried out to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":109434587,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1533076149","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nutritional and genetic determinants of the one-carbon metabolism pathway have been related to risk of malignant lymphomas, but little is known about their associations with Hodgkin lymphoma risk specifically. The authors examined nutrient intake (folate, vitamin B(2), vitamin B(6), vitamin B(12), methionine) and multivitamin use among 497 Hodgkin lymphoma patients and 638 population-based controls (Massachusetts and Connecticut, 1997-2000), and genetic variation (MTHFR 677C>T, MTHFR 1298A>C, MTR 2756A>G, SHMT1 1420C>T, TYMS 1494del6) and gene-diet interactions in a subset. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate multivariable odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Hodgkin lymphoma risk was not associated with total nutrient intake or intake from food alone (excluding supplements). Multivitamin use (odds ratio (OR) = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.09, 1.96), total vitamin B(6) (OR(quartile 4 vs. 1) = 1.62) (P(trend) = 0.03), and total vitamin B(12) (OR(quartile 4 vs. 1) = 1.75) (P(trend) = 0.02) intakes were positively associated with risk of Epstein-Barr virus-negative, but not -positive, disease. The 5 genetic variants were not significantly associated with Hodgkin lymphoma risk; no significant gene-diet interactions were observed after Bonferroni correction. Study findings do not support a strong role for nutrients and genetic variation in the one-carbon metabolism pathway in susceptibility to Hodgkin lymphoma. Associations between diet and risk of Epstein-Barr virus-negative disease require confirmation in other populations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"2013-20":1,"2013-48":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":206298888,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2119561216","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr190","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc3203380?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction As a disaster-prone country, hospital preparedness in dealing with disasters in Indonesia is essential. This research, therefore, focuses specifically on hospital preparedness for COVID-19 in Indonesia, which is important given the indication that the pandemic will last for the foreseeable future. Methods During March to September 2022, a cross-sectional approach and a quantitative study was conducted in accordance with the research objective to assess hospital preparedness for the COVID-19 pandemic. This research shows the level of readiness based on the 12 components of the rapid hospital readiness checklist for COVID-19 published by the World Health Organization (WHO). Evaluators from 11 hospitals in four provinces in Indonesia (Capital Special Region of Jakarta, West Java, Special Region of Yogyakarta, and North Sumatra) filled out the form in the COVID-19 Hospital Preparedness Information system, which was developed to assess the level of hospital readiness. Results The results show that hospitals in Capital Special Region of Jakarta and Special Region of Yogyakarta have adequate level (\u2265 80%). Meanwhile, the readiness level of hospitals in West Java and North Sumatra varies from adequate level (\u2265 80%), moderate level (50% \u2013 79%), to not ready level (\u2264 50%). Conclusion The findings and the methods adopted in this research are valuable for policymakers and health professionals to have a holistic view of hospital preparedness for COVID-19 in Indonesia so that resources can be allocated more effectively to improve readiness.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":259962083,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1187698","PubMedCentral":"10389285","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1187698\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background and purpose: Internal evaluation is the systematic process of collecting and analyzing information to determine the benefits and disadvantages of a program and the extent to which its objectives are achieved. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of internal evaluation in clinical departments of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in two consecutive academic years. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in all clinical departments of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences during 2015-2016 and 2016-2017. Data from eight domains of internal evaluation were collected using a checklist and some researcher-made questionnaires. Then, we studied the status of departments in eight domains of internal evaluation in relation to the standards and the status of all departments in two consecutive academic years. The evaluations for the years were compared and the dynamic trend was assessed. Data analysis was done applying descriptive statistics in SPSS. Results: A good status of clinical departments was seen in most of the domains. Best performances within the two academic years studied were associated with courses, educational curriculum, and graduate affairs (74.53%, 78.66%, and 88.61%, respectively). Total scores for all clinical departments were 64.22% and 70.69% in 2015-2016 and 2016-2017, respectively. Conclusion: Continuous internal evaluation reveals the strengths and weak points of the clinical departments. Therefore, more appropriate planning would be done and the departments could apply for further residency programs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":81353873,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2910516924","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Activation of T lymphocytes by antigen-presenting cells requires the interaction of major histocompatibility complex\/antigen complexes with the T-cell receptor as well as the binding of co-stimulatory molecules to receptors on T cells. Freshly isolated epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) do not display a significant number of co-stimulatory molecules. After short-term culture, LC express and then upregulate intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (CD54), leukocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-3 (CD58), and B7-1 (CD80) accessory molecules and exhibit an enhanced antigen-presenting function. The present study examined the presence on human LC of the LFA-1 ligands ICAM-2 (CD102) and ICAM-3 (CD50) and their functional role in the activation of allogeneic T cells. Immunohistochemistry of skin sections and flow-cytometry analysis of freshly procured epidermal cell suspensions showed that LC (CD1a+ or HLA-DR+) expressed ICAM-3 but not ICAM-2. After 48-72-h culture in the presence of granulocyte\/macrophage colony-stimulating factor, LC did not stain for ICAM-2 but expressed ICAM-3 at the same level as fresh cells. Incubation of both freshly isolated and cultured LC with monoclonal antibodies directed against ICAM-3 reduced T-cell proliferation (25-75% inhibition) in the primary allogeneic mixed leukocyte reaction assay; incubation of cultured LC with anti-ICAM-1 and anti-ICAM-3 synergistically reduced T-cell response. The results indicate that ICAM-3 is constitutively expressed and represents an important costimulatory molecule on freshly isolated LC but, in contrast to other accessory molecules, is not subjected to regulation during LC culture.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":24955516,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1998035159","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.EP12317494","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Almost 40 years ago, the Supreme Court, in the landmark case Goldberg v. Kelly (1970), provided welfare participants with a potentially potent tool for challenging the government welfare bureaucracy by requiring pre-termination hearings before welfare benefits were discontinued or reduced. In 1996, with the passage of the Personal Responsibility Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), the rights talk of Kelly was officially replaced with the discourse of individual responsibility. Using observational data of administrative hearings and interviews with administrative law judges and appellants, this study explores how fair hearings have been affected by this official reconceptualization of rights. I find that hearings are not a panacea for challenging the more punitive aspects of welfare reform, but nor are they devoid of the possibility of justice. While hearings can replicate in style and substance the inequities, rigid adherence to rules, and moral judgments that characterize welfare relationships under the PRWORA, they can also be used as a mechanism for creating counternarratives to the dominant discourse about welfare. This study identifies two types of judges\u2014moralist judges and reformer judges\u2014and examines how their differing approaches determine which narrative emerges in the hearing room.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":30988311,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2093324784","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1540-5893.2009.00382.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The era of globalization has ushered in dramatic changes in the past decade covering a wide range of distinct political,\neconomic and cultural trends whereby people adapt their houses to suit their needs and desires. This paper discusses the\nprocess of change analytically, emphasizing the importance of understanding the transformation of Lao traditional houses\nand its impact factors to the transformation and adaptation to suit with globalization trend, and conservation of the\ncharacteristics of traditional houses. This study takes place in Luangprabang, an ancient city of Lao PDR, which was\ndesignated as a world heritage city in 1995 as it is rich with diverse, tangible and intangible values. Five cases of\ntraditional house in Luangprabang are examined to understand their transformation through time, by analyzing the basic\nspatial formation, components and elements, especially to find out the impact factors to such transformation. The study\nrevealed that the transformation of the traditional house is subject to not just one single factor, but to a number of factors,\nwhere globalization, regulation, economy, and social aspect factors play a prime role and are the root for all these\nchanges. The case study also indicates that these changes are connected to the benefits of income generation as a survival\nstrategy for the low and middle-income people in Luangprabang as well as the housing demands. In the transition period\na new residential type appeared accordingly, in which living spaces were categorized according to their general functions.\nThere was a harmony between people's needs and the physical characteristics of the house.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":131604799,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2227606277","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The present paper aims to provide the reader with a clear insight of how the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in a private courier company could facilitate its performance, when considering to its current and future goals. For that reason, the research will attempt to present the process of the adoption, implementation and operation of the BSC within a private courier organisation. As the latter is a complex organisation various management tools are considered important in order to develop the BSC as a strategic planning system, with the most accurate way. Revising the previous experience of using performance measures, it can be noticed that there is a gap between the traditional and innovative performance measures. Therefore the importance of using up to date and innovative performance measures, is emerged. In addition, the gap between the obsolete Greek notion of performance measurement and suggested ones by literature is highlighted, in order to provide insight to Greek companies in improving their performance measurement systems. The latter, will help the Greek organisation to keep a consistency between its performance measures and strategic objectives. Taking in consideration the unique characteristics of the Greek market, where customers place considerable attention in the notion of their perceived SQ, as well as the noteworthy industry competition, were regarded as a great opportunity to examine the question in investigation. It was also considered as an important step of the process, to use specific management tools for the most accurate outcomes and proper suggestions to take place in the attempt of improving the company's strategic objectives. As a result, this paper will give light to the development of a BSC framework which would provide managers with tools and procedures of facing future business challenges comprehensively and efficiently, facilitating them with the opportunity to develop strategies and goals progressively.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":108743137,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1545066696","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1359922","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article provides a method for interpreting the place of sexuality in texts that defy analysis. The author uses one source, the Florentine Codex, a large and complex bilingual Nahuatl and Spanish document, to decipher some elements about cross-dressing individuals, homosexualities, and gender inversions in Nahua society at the time of the Spanish conquest. The methodology used combines close narrative analysis with intellectual genealogy. The author argues that decoding the texts in this way allows us to uncover a cross-dressing male who engaged in \"passive\" homosexual acts and had a degraded but institutionalized role to play.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":162908039,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2102002015","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1215\/00141801-2006-038","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT We present the first detailed account of cranial ontogeny in a fossil marsupial. An exceptionally well-preserved ontogenetic sample representing 26 individuals of Nimbadon lavarackorum (Diprotodontidae, Zygomaturinae) is described from a 15 million-year-old cave deposit in the Riversleigh World Heritage Area, Queensland. Based on comparison with one of N. lavarackomrris closest living relatives, the common wombat (Vombatus ursinus), the N. lavarackorum sample represents developmental stages spanning suckling pouch young through to elderly adults. In addition to documenting ontogenetic changes, reduced major axis regression analyses of 14 cranial and seven mandibular measurements were used to analyze allometric growth. Early growth patterns in the cranium are comparable to those of other marsupials such that the bones of the facial portion of the cranium develop precociously compared with those of the neurocranium. Most differences between adult and juvenile crania result from reorganization of structures associated with the cranio-mandibular joint and the developing dentition and strengthening of areas for insertion of the muscles of mastication. These changes reflect the transition from a purely suckling function to one focused on mastication of leaves. The sample also provides a unique view into the development of the extraordinarily complex endocranial sinuses characteristic of diprotodontid marsupials.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":85410074,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2088441341","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/02724634.2010.483567","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the new democratic context of the country, with particular reference to education, the issue of community involvement in school management, is one that has received scant attention in education policy. In the view of the researcher, the issue is of critical importance at a time when education is facing developmental crises, which are not isolated from the whole spectrum of the levels of the country's development. The purpose of this exploratory study was to generate better understanding of the issue and create greater awareness among policy\u00ad makers, education authorities and the community in general about factors that may hinder or enhance the involvement of the community in school management in Mozambique. A qualitative research methodology was adopted, which used semi\u00ad structured interviews based on three major questions, to elicit an understanding of the research topic. The research was confined to the city of Maputo and the Province of Maputo. The population sample was made of officials in the Education Ministry, Directors of Education in the city of Maputo and the Province of Maputo, education authorities in the visited Districts and schools, teachers, students, resident community members and institutions. In a nutshell, the results of the study indicate that, although there is a growing perception of the value of community involvement, clearer understanding of the concept is in the hands of the education practitioners. Parents commissions were generally seem as the present form of schoolcommunity interaction. Constraints of different nature were identified, but","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":154874314,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2153181374","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Individual tyre models are traditionally derived from component tests, with their parameters matched to force and slip measurements. They are imported into vehicle models which should, but do not always properly provide suspension geometry interaction. Recent advances in Global Positioning System (GPS)\/inertia vehicle instrumentation now make full state measurement viable in test vehicles, so tyre slip behaviour is directly measurable. This paper uses an extended Kalman filter for system identification, to derive individual load-dependent tyre models directly from these test vehicle state measurements. The resulting model therefore implicitly compensates for suspension geometry and compliance. The paper looks at two variants of the tyre model, and also considers real-time adaptation of the model to road surface friction variations. Test vehicle results are used exclusively, and the results show successful tyre model identification, improved vehicle model state prediction \u2013 particularly in lateral velocity reproduction \u2013 and an effective real-time solution for road friction estimation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":54496179,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2048994833","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/00423110802684221","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/figshare.com\/articles\/journal_contribution\/Identifying_tyre_models_directly_from_vehicle_test_data_using_an_extended_Kalman_filter\/9223694\/1\/files\/16803170.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper looks at fuel consumption due to shaft power off-takes from the engine and the related increase in the aircraft's fuel consumption. It presents a review and comparison of published and unpublished data on this kind of consumption. The paper presents results from the TURBOMATCH engine simulation model, calibrated to real world engine data. A generic equation is derived for the calculation of fuel consumption due to shaft power extraction. Main result is the shaft power factor kP found to be in the order of 0.002 N\/W for a typical cruise flight. This yields an amazingly high efficiency for power generation by shaft power extraction from a turbo fan engine of more than 70 %.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":11297529,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2157328898","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15488\/4462","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study aimed to find out how the branding strategy of the Culture and Tourism Agency (Disbudpar) of Malang in shaping the image of Malang as a tourism city and to know what obstacles affect the application of the branding strategy. This study used a qualitative research by analyzing the branding strategy of Disbudpar Malang. The data collection techniques carried out in field research and to obtain information and data was through interviews and documentation. The results of this study indicated that the branding strategy of Disbudpar Malang in shaping the image of Malang were as follow, first brand positioning for example by the formation of the beautiful Malang city branding, second brand identity by making the tag line and logo of beautiful Malang, third brand personality for example Malang is known as a cool city, fourth brand communication by promotion on social media events and relationships with stakeholders. The fifth startegy was brand equity for example by making beautiful destinations such as thematic villages and beautiful city parks. The constraints from the brand strategy were first, from the publication of beautiful Malang in print media was considered less reflecting the image of Malang and the presence of those who criticized the beautiful Malang logo, second there were some villages that were still less of awareness in tourism, third in terms of destinations there were lack in facilities and infrastructure, fourth the limited funds to conduct the activities or events.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":213050549,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2999942328","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.33366\/jkn.v1i2.27","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/jkn.unitri.ac.id\/index.php\/jkn\/article\/download\/27\/23","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Eddy currents are at the origin of losses and signal distorsions in power electrical. In order to address their considerable impacts on both the energy efficiency and the performance requirement, eddy current modeling and its accuraccy are discussed from a thermodynamic approach. Whereas adaptive meshing strategies were extensively used in static cases [1,2], some valuable results are carried out in an induction machine case-study, providing a general validation for transient regimes [3].","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":47339259,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2316085749","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2015.2445830","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study proposes the first multiparty mediated semi-quantum secret sharing (MSQSS) protocol to overcome two existing challenges in current semi-quantum secret sharing protocols: (1) dealer must be the quantum user, and (2) classical users must be equipped with Trojan horse detectors. *In the proposed MSQSS protocol, a classical dealer can share secrets with multiple classical agents via the help of a dishonest quantum third party. Security analysis is performed to prove that the proposed protocol cannot suffer from a collective attack, a collusion attack, or a Trojan horse attack. Furthermore, the proposed MSQSS protocol is more lightweight than existing SQSS protocols because the classical user is equipped with only two quantum capabilities.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":231925207,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"There is well-documented evidence that the dependence structure of financial assets is often characterized by considerable time variation. Financial markets are repeatedly subjected to episodes of rapid growth and dramatic decline of asset prices, and the recent financial crisis reinforced the need to model extreme events and sudden changes in the behaviour of financial assets. In particular, financial returns have been shown to exhibit stronger tail dependence during financial downturn. That is, extreme negative events are highly correlated and tend to cluster together. Traditional static models, such as the multivariate Normal distribution, are unable to capture these characteristics of the dependence structure, which resulted in copula models attracting attention and becoming popular over the last decade. Copulas provide greater flexibility by allowing the dependence structure to be modelled separately from marginal distributions. Furthermore, a rich class of higher dimensional copulas with various types of asymmetric tail dependence can be constructed through the use of vine copulas. \n \nThe objective of this research work is take into account the time-varying dependence structure by combining copula theory with regime switching models that exhibit Markov property. In this class of models the dependence structure is assumed to switch between regimes according to a hidden state variable, with the purpose of accurately describing the behaviour of financial time series. Furthermore, the goal is to extend this class of models to higher dimensions where complex dependence characteristics are also present. Applications of these models are not restricted to finance and can be useful in any context where the dependence structure amongst random variables changes over time.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":159187343,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2916908140","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The process of designing hierarchical motion planners typically involves problem-specific intuition and implementations. This process is sub-optimal both in terms of solution space (amount of possibilities for search-space approximations, choice of planner parameters, etc) and amount of human labour. In this paper we show that the design of hierarchical motion planners does not have to be manual. We present a method for parameterizing and then optimizing sequences of problem approximations used in hierarchical motion planning. We define these as a specific kind of graph with intermediate state-spaces and solutions as nodes, and costs and planner parameters as edge properties. These properties become a continuous optimization variable that changes the sequence and parameters of sub-planners in the hierarchy. Using Pareto-front estimation, our method automatically discovers multiple designs of optimal computation-time\/motion-cost trade-offs. We evaluate the method on a set of legged robot motion planning problems where hand-designed hierarchies are abundant. Our method discovers sequences of problem approximations which achieve similar\u2014though slightly higher\u2014performance than the best human-designed hierarchies. The performance gain significantly increases on new problems, yielding 12x faster computation times and 10% higher success rates.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-10":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":212727219,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3038064687","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1609\/icaps.v30i1.6746","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1609\/icaps.v30i1.6746","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The article analyzes the labor market of nursing assistants and technicians in the State of Cear\u00e1, Brazil, from 2013 to 2017, concerning job insecurity aspects. Two data sources were employed. The cross-sectional Brazilian Nursing Team Profile Survey (PPEB) was used as the baseline, and the longitudinal Annual List of Social Information (RAIS) database, allowed the study of the trend of some of the variables related to job insecurity. Given the small number of similar studies for this professional category, we opted for an exploratory data approach that supported a critical discussion of the results. The job insecurity of nursing assistants and technicians is supported by empirical evidence in the four perspectives adopted by the International Labor Organization-ILO: time-related, economic, social, and organizational. While it is a market with a positive balance of admissions compared to layoffs, jobs have low salaries, poor work relationships, high turnover, lack of prospect of career advancement, and adverse working conditions such as exposure to violence, discrimination, and accidents. We can conclude that RAIS data corroborate the PPEB findings, and point out that there is no trend of improvement for this situation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":209428116,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"From time to time, we hear in the news about a breach or attack on some well-known companies as just news, but it is a serious problem because it is the privacy of citizens, their money in trade and managing their businesses and projects. In this paper, we offer a review of the honey encryption planner. Honey Encryption is the encryption system that ensures flexibility versus the brute-force attack through the provision of plain reasonable text, but false for each key is invalid utilized by a trespasser to decrypt a message, two key areas are open it is difficult to create a compelling message trap that's perfect enough to deceive the striker even when he believes that he has the message in its original form. The next problem, the typo issue, where a valid phony plain text seem to a lawful user when he accidentally enters the wrong key. Our goal is to have more satisfaction disguised tricks that are perfect enough to prevent a trespasser from getting the original message, We also need new security methods because the attackers are looking for new ways to attack the systems, so we proposed a new way to protect messages and passwords well and difficult to break and take all the possibilities of attack, including the brute-force, and then the data is hidden in an image with a public secret key.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":250305237,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.33899\/csmj.2022.174390","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/csmj.mosuljournals.com\/article_174390_6b481c992ba51598b398ed629582f70a.pdf","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Botnets are a disastrous threat because they execute malicious activities such as distributed denial-of-service, spam email, malware downloads (such as eggdownloads), and spying by exploiting zombie PCs under their control. Botnets infect PCs on a huge scale by initially scanning the service ports of vulnerable applications for the purpose of propagation, which is leveraged as the size of the botnet increases. Therefore, it is of crucial importance to detect botnet-propagation activities early and to determine the expectedsize of the attack. To address this issue, this paper proposes to recreate botnets' port-scanning patterns using a simple text classifier that represents these patterns as a kind of matrix. The patterns obtained are then used to train a hidden Markov model and to perform early detection using the trained model. Early detection is achievable by catching the onset of suspicious propagation immediately, and a size estimate is obtained by monitoring fluctuations in botnet size. With this approach, early-detection rates increased to more than 30.6% on average, with a low false negative rate (less than 6%) and an F-measure greater than 96%. This significant improvement in performance will contribute to preventing botnet propagation in its earliest stages. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":2614942,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1503984179","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/sec.366","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study proposes a support vector regression (SVR)\u2013based method to evaluate the peak floor acceleration (PFA) in a building subject to a major earthquake. Support vector machine, which constructs a hyperplane in high-dimensional space to solve multivariate problems, is well known for the outstanding performance in classification and regression. Six P-wave parameters obtained from the vertical component of the first three seconds of the acceleration time history of the ground motion, as well as the floor height and the fundamental period of the structure, are adopted as the eight input variables. With these and the support of SVR, the PFA of a specific building can be rapidly estimated to avoid the necessity of installing accelerometers on the building. The SVR model is trained on 2274 representative earthquake records from the Structure Strong Earthquake Monitoring System (SSEMS) of the Central Weather Bureau (CWB) in Taiwan and tested on 757 independent test earthquake records. As demonstrated, the accuracy of the predicted PFA, located within a one-level difference on the seismic intensity scale of Taiwan from the monitored PFA, is 95.51%. The developed algorithm can be integrated into an existing earthquake early warning system (EEWS) to provide comprehensive protection during major earthquakes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":53986703,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2742219785","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1051\/MATECCONF\/201711901028","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background The prevalence of cannabis use and cannabis use disorders (CUD) has significantly increased over time. However, there are no approved pharmacological treatments for CUD. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of various medical cannabinoids in the treatment of CUD. Methods We conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials which evaluated the therapeutic potential of medical cannabinoids in individuals with CUD and summarized the main study outcomes in terms of cannabis use, abstinence, withdrawal symptoms, craving, retention in treatment and adverse events. Results We identified eight trials with a total of 667 study participants. Dronabinol reduced cannabis withdrawal symptoms whereas nabiximols, cannabidiol and PF-04457845, a fatty acid amide inhibitor, also reduced cannabis use and improved abstinence, compared to placebo. Nabilone failed to demonstrate efficacy in the treatment of CUD. All medications were well-tolerated. Conclusions Cannabinoid receptor agonists, i.e., dronabinol and nabilone, showed only limited or no therapeutic potential in the treatment of CUD. In contrast, modulators of endocannabinoid activity, i.e., nabiximols, cannabidiol and PF-04457845, demonstrated broader efficacy which covered almost all aspects of CUD. Endocannabinoid modulation appears to be a promising treatment approach in CUD, but the evidence to support this strategy is still small and future research in this direction is needed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":249969138,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.867878","PubMedCentral":"9256935","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.867878\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this work, we observed and investigated electro-luminescence (EL) from defects in 4H-SiC avalanche photodiodes. The EL irradiance originated from parallel lines oriented along the [11-20] crystallographic direction. Optical microscopy imaging was employed to analyze the intensity distribution of luminescencing lines at different current densities. Electron beam induced current (EBIC) methodology was employed to find correlation between the luminescencing defects and dislocations in the epi-layers. TEM analysis of the substrate region having the brightest luminescencing line was performed. There were a few defects at the depth of about 3 \u03bcm from the sample surface where EL intensity had the highest value.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136827185,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2028073518","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.600-603.1211","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Studying the impact of fertility on the extent of female labor force participation and the form that this participation takes is complicated by the fact that both fertility and participation are potentially endogenous household decisions, requiring simultaneous estimation. Such estimation is further complicated by the need to find appropriate instruments for fertility. Moreover, the timing of marriage (or the probability of being married at a certain age), which is an important determinant of both fertility and participation, may also be endogenous to those decisions. In this paper, we estimate a structural model for labor force participation that distinguishes between different participation states (non-wage work, public wage work, private wage work, and unemployment) and that takes into account the endogeneity of the timing of marriage and fertility. We find that, in urban Morocco, marriage per se is not a constraint on labor force participation, but that it is a constraint on engaging in paid employment in the private sector. The presence of school-age children significantly reduces participation in all types of wage work. Moreover, a woman's own education, as well as that of her father, significantly increase the probability of her participation in the public sector. With the dramatic slowdown in public sector hiring in recent years, these variables are also strong determinants of female unemployment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":55469210,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"789007539","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This project examined some linkages and discrepancies between theories that describe the acquisition of gender typical attributes in childhood with theories that describe the maintenance of those attributes in adulthood. This perspective included the idea that there are several well known ways of enacting masculinity, related to well known stereotypes (e.g., jock, business, sensitive new age guy), and highlighted within sex variability. Because a distinction between biological sex and gender was made, the sample was not restricted to males despite focusing on the masculine. One focus of the project was the consistency with which an individual enacts a particular stereotypical identity across four contexts (at home, at work, with friends, in leisure activities) and through the life course. Acquisition and maintenance theories rooted in the psychodynamic perspective predict contextual consistency whereas socially oriented theories predict contextual variability. Different influences on an individual's gender typed attitudes were examined. Childhood theories position parents and other models as influential and maintenance theories focus on peer influences; both include media as an influence. Surveys were completed by 660 individuals, 50% of whom were female. Results supported both contextual consistency and inconsistency with most individuals demonstrating some level of each. Examination of consistency through the life course yielded similar findings. No factor was clearly related to increased consistency, although contextual consistency did increase slightly with older age for the noncollege subsample. Examination of influences revealed participant's beliefs were more closely related to perceived model's beliefs than to actual familial beliefs. Patterns of relations between individual and model beliefs varied depending on whether the model was a family member or media figure. Stronger preferences for certain media genres (e.g., sports, women's) were related to different attitudes. Implicit within this study was the assumption that male images differ, and this idea was supported through stereotypical descriptors provided and variations between individuals who endorsed different identities. Further, males and females who endorsed the same stereotypical identity possessed some similarities to and differences from each other suggesting that enacted identities are experienced differently across sex.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":149683397,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2800168157","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Developing endosperms and embryos accumulating triacylglycerols rich in caproyl (decanoyl) groups (i.e. developing embryos of Cuphea procumbens and Ulmus glabra) had microsomal acyl hydrolases with high selectivities toward phosphatidylcholine with this acyl group. Similarly, membranes from Euphorbia lagascae and Ricinus communis endosperms, which accumulate triacylglycerols with vernoleate (12-epoxy-octadeca-9-enoate) and ricinoleate (12-hydroxy-octadeca-9-enoate), respectively, had acyl hydrolases that selectively removed their respective oxygenated acyl group from the phospholipids. The activities toward phospholipid substrates with epoxy, hydroxy, and medium-chain acyl groups varied greatly between microsomal preparations from different plant species. Epoxidated and hydroxylated acyl groups in sn-1 and sn-2 positions of phosphatidylcholine and in sn-1-lysophosphatidylcholine were hydrolyzed to a similar extent, whereas the hydrolysis of caproyl groups was highly dependent on the positional localization.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":21138266,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2120930112","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1104\/pp.107.3.953","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plphys\/article-pdf\/107\/3\/953\/35527419\/plphys_v107_3_953.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Iris recognition has been increasingly used with very satisfactory results. Presently, the challenge consists in unconstraining the image capturing conditions and enable its application to domains where the subjects' cooperation is not expectable (e.g., criminal\/terrorist seek, missing children). In this type of use, due to variations in the image capturing distance and in the lighting conditions that determine the size of the subjects' pupil, the area correspondent to the iris in the captured images will be highly varying too. In order to compensate this variation, common iris recognition proposals translate the segmented iris image to a double dimensionless pseudo-polar coordinate system, in a process known as the normalization stage, which can be regarded as a sampling of the original data with the inherent possibility of aliasing. In this paper we analyze the relationship between the size of the captured iris image and the overall recognition's accuracy. Further, we identify the threshold for the sampling rate of the iris normalization process above which the error rates significantly increase","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":10865993,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2161860987","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICCIAS.2006.295366","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The quantitative and qualitative distribution of bile salts in the duodenal juice of 13 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) was studied after a test meal. The effects of triolein (TO), bovine serum albumin (BSA), and ricinoleic acid (RA) on the absorption of taurocholate (TCA) in the distal ileum of the rat in vivo was also studied. The mean (and ranges) of total bile salt concentrations, glycine: taurine conjugate ratios, and percentage of dihydroxy bile salts in the patients with CF and pancreatic insufficiency were 3.5 (1.3--6.6) mmol\/l, 8.6 (greater than 10-3.1), and 37 (10--60) compared with control values of 7.4 (3.0--16.0) mmol\/l, 3.0 (1.3--4.5), and 61 (52--70) respectively. The differences between the control and CF values were statistically significant (P less than 0.01--P less than 0.001). Three of the 13 CF patients had total bile salt concentrations less than 2 mmol\/l, 8 had much higher glycine: taurine ratios, and 8 had a reduced percentage of dihydroxy bile salts. In 2 patients with normal pancreatic enzyme activities, duodenal bile salts were both quantitatively and qualitatively normal. TO (10 and 30 mmol\/l), BSA (3%), and RA (5 mmol\/l) had no inhibitory effect on the ileal absorption of TCA. These results show pronounced abnormalities of duodenal juice bile salts in CF with pancreatic insufficiency consistent with a broken enterohepatic circulation (EHC); such abnormalities may contribute to defective lipid absorption in CF. The data in the experimental animal do not support the suggestion that unhydrolysed dietary substrates play a role in the pathophysiology of the broken EHC.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":28314161,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2086571896","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/adc.54.1.19","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/adc.bmj.com\/content\/archdischild\/54\/1\/19.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To further improve the catalytic carbonization efficiency of polymer composites for the formation of compact protective layers in the combustion process, a novel type of Fe-CNTs was prepared in large scale. The Fe-CNTs were used as nanofillers to efficiently improve catalytic carbonization, flame retardancy, and mechanical performances of epoxy resin (EP). With the incorporation of 6 wt% Fe-CNTs, the LOI value of the EP\/Fe-CNTs nanocomposites was improved to 35.0 and the UL-94 V-1 rating was passed with an average (t1 + t2) value of 13.3. As compared to pure EP, the PHRR, THR, and TSP of EP\/6 wt% Fe-CNTs nanocomposites decreased by 30.7%, 39.1%, and 48.6%, respectively. The significantly improved flame retardancy could be attributed to the compact carbonaceous ceramic layers, which significantly retarded the transfer of heat and combustible gas between the EP nanocomposites and the flame zone. Moreover, the EP\/Fe-CNTs nanocomposites exhibited excellent impact and tensile strength performances due to the formation of a strong three-dimensional network structure in the EP matrix.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":103214425,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2792149608","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA10961J","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Micro\/Nano-electromechanical systems, MEMS\/NEMS-based resonators are presently an important part of a wide range of applications. However, many of these devices suffer from the low signal-to-noise ratio and the need for a large driving force. Different principles were proposed to enhance the sensitivity and improve their signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), such as bifurcations, jumps and higher-order excitation. However, these methods require special designs and high actuation voltages, which are not always available in the standard function generators and power supplies. Also, it increases the devices' overall cost and power requirements. Furthermore, parametric excitation is explored as an option to amplify the signal at a lower cost and energy demand. However, this type of excitation requires specific geometrical settings, in addition to very low damping conditions. Electrothermal actuation is investigated to achieve excitation of primary resonance, which can be used for parametric excitation. This type of excitation is desirable due to its simplicity, robustness and ability to create large internal forces at low voltages. However, the time response is limited by the thermal relaxation time. In this work, we demonstrate the use of electromagnetic actuation to significantly amplify the response of electrothermally actuated clamped-clamped resonators at first mode (primary) resonance. At ambient pressure, experimental data show 18 times amplification of the response amplitude compared with electrothermal actuation only. The method is based on introducing a permanent magnetic field to induce an out-of-plane Lorentz-force. The results show the great potential of this technique being used for a variety of sensing and signal processing applications, especially, where a large signal-to-noise ratio is required while using low operational voltages.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":244394515,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1115\/detc2021-71177","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/repository.kaust.edu.sa\/bitstream\/10754\/676130\/1\/EFFICIENT%20RESPONSE%20AMPLIFICATION%20OF%20ELECTROTHERMALLY%20_%20Final.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Research has demonstrated that the general public accepts many rape myths and that rape attitudes are strongly connected to other deeply held and pervasive attitudes. However, it has not been clear whether police officers reflected similar attitudes. This research attempted to ascertain if police share the same antecedents of rape myth acceptance as the general public. Using officers from two police departments, it was demonstrated that attidudes regarding sex role stereotyping, sexual conservatism, acceptance of interpersonal violence, and adversarial sexual beliefs were significantly correlated with acceptance of rape myths. However, police were more pro-victim (p < .01) in their attitudes as compared to the general public. Officers who received specialized rape-related training were not significantly different in rape attitudes from those officers who had not received training.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":151724398,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2602754806","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper is positioned at the interface of second\/foreign language (L2) assessment and Conversation Analysis-Second Language Acquisition (CA-SLA). It explores challenges of ratability in assessing interactional competence (IC) from three dimensions: an overview of the conceptual and terminological convergence\/divergence in the CA-SLA and L2 assessment literature, a micro-analytic Conversation Analysis of test-taker interactions, and the operationalisation of IC construct features in rating scales across assessment contexts. It draws insights from these dimensions into a discussion of the nature of the IC construct and the challenges of IC ratability, and concludes with suggestions on ways in which insights from CA research can contribute to addressing these issues.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":259141793,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ag2S thin films were fabricated on the ITO-coated glass substrates by cathodically electro-deposition from the mixture solution including 0.01mol\u00b7L-1 AgNO3 and 0.05 mol\u00b7L-1 Na2S2O3 with pH=2.5 at room temperature. The microstructure and surface morphology of the films were investigated with the deposition potential (E) varied from -0.23V to -0.28V. The X-ray diffractograms show that the deposited films are monoclinic Ag2S with the relative deviation of cell parameters within 1.5%. The estimated cell parameters of the Ag2S films deposited at E = -0.25V are closest to those of the standard sample. The SEM pictures show that films are uniform with better compactness at more negative deposition potential, but there are some aggregation when the potential up to -0.28V. According to the AFM images, the root mean square (RMS) roughness and grain size decrease with the decreasing of potential absolute value, but they will increase when the deposition potential is too small. The best potential is -0.25V for depositing Ag2S thin films.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136882022,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2052134437","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.663-665.910","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Only around 30% of patients with diabetes meet targets for A1c (A), blood pressure (B) or lipid (C) and 14% meet targets for ABC and non-smoking. Following a survey among general practitioners (GPs) on educational needs, an education program was designed to improve the performance of the GP and the quality of diabetes care in Japan. GPs and nurses learned at a live workshop how to create a plan-do-study-act cycle and established an improvement plan to implement. In a 2nd workshop, held 3 months later, GPs examined whether the improvement plan was carried out and established strategies for further improvement. A, B, C and smoking status were provided by each participant on up to 25 patients pre and post intervention. Goals were: A1c Results: 2 cohorts of GPs provided data on 648 patients. The intervention was associated with an increased proportion of patients at goal in the data provided at the post-intervention workshop (Table 1) and an increased odds ratio to achieve goals (Table 2). This innovative program focused on collaboration and quality improvement strategies, has the potential to enhance the quality of diabetes care in Japan. These preliminary data could serve as a platform for the design of broader programs to implement in the GP community. Disclosure J. Mitri: Research Support; Spouse\/Partner; AbbVie Inc., Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Research Support; Self; Kowa Pharmaceutical Europe Co. Ltd., National Dairy Council. Research Support; Spouse\/Partner; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. Other Relationship; Self; National Dairy Council. R.A. Gabbay: Advisory Panel; Self; HealthReveal, Hygieia, Lark, Onduo LLC. Consultant; Self; Sanofi. N. El Sayed: None. W.C. Hsu: Consultant; Self; Onduo LLC. R.J. Heine: Employee; Self; Eli Lilly and Company.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":195400161,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2948454520","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2337\/DB19-1278-P","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"THERMINIC Workshops are a series of events to discuss the essential thermal questions of microelectronics microstructures and electronic parts in general. These questions are becoming more and more crucial with the increasing element density of deep submicron downscaling of integrated circuits necessitating thermal simulation, monitoring and cooling. Thermal management is expected to become an increasingly dominating factor of a system's cost. The high element density of MCMs, the growing power dissipated in a package, etc., and the mobile parts of microsystems raise new thermal problems to be solved in the near future necessitating the regular discussion of the experts in these fields. Finally, there is an increasing need for accurate assessment of the boundary conditions used in the analysis of electronic parts, which requires a concurrent solution of the thermal behaviour of the whole system.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":116684252,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2739205420","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An information-packed tool for the novice or handy reference for the veteran. Distills years of knowledge in an affordable and portable book. Discover how to apply first aid to a variety of wounds, treat abdominal pains and discomforts, soothe bites and stings, deal with heat and cold injuries, and wrap sprains, fractures and dislocated joints. In addition, you'll find information on elementary CPR as well as lists of essential items for an outdoor first aid kit.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":165787850,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2769557152","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nTranscutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) based on wrist-ankle acupuncture has been shown to relieve pain levels in patients with myofascial pain syndrome (MPS). However, its efficacy is highly subjective. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of TENS based on wrist-ankle acupuncture for pain management in patients with MPS from the perspective of cerebral cortex hemodynamics.\n\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS\nWe designed a double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Thirty-one male patients with MPS were randomly assigned to two parallel groups. The experimental group (n\u2009=\u200916) received TENS based on wrist-ankle acupuncture for analgesic treatment, while the control group (n\u2009=\u200915) did not. The pain was induced by mechanically pressurized at acupoint Jianjing. The multichannel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) equipment was utilized for measuring oxyhemoglobin (HbO) levels in the cerebral cortex during the tasks.\n\n\nRESULTS\nAfter the intervention, visual analog scale (VAS), the activation degree and activation area of pain perception cortices were significantly reduced in the experimental group compared to the baseline values (P<0.05). Particularly, Frontopolar Area (FPA), and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) are highly involved in the pain process and pain modulation.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nCompared to no intervention, TENS based on wrist-ankle acupuncture can be effective in relieving pain in patients with MPS in terms of cerebral cortical hemodynamics. However, further studies are necessary to quantify the analgesic effect in terms of cerebral hemodynamics and brain activation.\n\n\nTRIAL REGISTRATION\nThe study was registered in the Chinese Trial Registry (No. ChiCTR2200056394).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":252221803,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnac141","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this work, nickel sulfides are fabricated from thiourea and Ni precursor through a hydrothermal method. Experiment results show that nickel sulfides can be controllably synthesized. Sulfuration time influences the composition and particle size of nickel sulfides. It is found that the particle size and composition of nickel sulfides influence the electrochemical properties. Impressively, the obtained nickel sulfides demonstrate high electrochemical performance with an optimal gravimetric capacity of 249.5 mA h g\u22121 at a current density of 2 A g\u22121. Proper particle size and composition of nickel sulfides are thought to contribute to their impressive electrochemical performance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":103270820,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2794557475","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C8NJ00769A","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Emissive carbon coating was prepared using a carbon black powder and a phenolic resin binder suspension. Interior of an alumina tube with an emissivity of 0.75 was coated with the emissive coating and its energy saving performance was investigated using a vacuumed alumina tube up to 1000\u00b0C. The vacuumed cavity temperature of the carbon-coated alumina tube embedded in an electrically heated furnace was always higher than that of the uncoated one for the same surface temperature of the tube. The cavity temperature difference between the carbon-coated and uncoated tube increased with the surface temperature of the alumina tube. At the surface temperature of 1000 \u00b0C, the cavity temperature difference reached about 20\u00b0C. Heating the carbon-coated alumina to raise the cavity temperature from an ambient temperature to 1000\u00b0C at a constant heating rate of 5\u00b0C\/min yielded an energy consumption of 559 Wh, while the uncoated one resulted in energy consumption of 595 Wh. As the holding time to maintain the cavity temperature of 1000\u00b0C was extended to 120 min, the energy-saving increased from 6% to 11%.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":135616045,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2035813250","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.486-487.666","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, the flow around bluff bodies with different cross sections and determination of forces acts on them are investigated.This paper presents the results of a numerical study on the flow characteristics and heat transfer over two equal square cylinders in a tandem arrangement. Spacing between the cylinders is 5 widths of the cylinder and the Reynolds number ranges from 1 to 200, Pr=0.71. Both steady and unsteady incompressible laminar flow in the two-dimensional regime are studied. A study of the effects of spatial resolution and blockage on the results is provided. In this paper, the instantaneous and mean streamlines, vorticity and isotherm patterns for different Reynolds numbers are presented and discussed. Also the global quantities such as pressure and viscous drag coefficients, Strouhal number and Nusselt number are determined and discussed for various Reynolds numbers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":123671389,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2263247214","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The applicability of carbon dioxide pressure leaching for the extraction of high purity magnesia from natural magnesites has been investigated. Factors which have influence on the magnesia recovery such as time, temperature, pressure, particle size and calcination temperature have been studied. Optimum values were determined: calcination temperature was in the range 650 \u2013 750 0C, time of the calcination was approximately 5 \u2013 3 hours; carbon dioxide partial pressure leaching for the extraction of magnesia was about 3 bar; particle size was between 0,2 \u2013 0,6 mm. A kinetic study of carbonation of MgO has been investigated at leaching temperature from 00C to 50 0C. Two processes were observed: the formation of a magnesium bicarbonate solution and the precipitation of magnesium carbonate. Our research has determined that the concentration of impurities in magnesium carbonate is virtually no different from their concentration in natural magnesites. Apparently, the formation of magnesium carbonate proceeds without destruction of structure. So the extraction of high purity magnesia from natural magnesites by carbon dioxide is only possible using magnesium bicarbonate. It is necessary to optimize the translation process of magnesium in solution and the technology of extraction of pure MgO from it to generate high purity magnesium on an industrial scale.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":98718393,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2079762220","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/DDF.309-310.261","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Enabling flexible spectrum access (FSA) in existing wireless networks is challenging due to the limited spectrum programmability - the ability to change spectrum properties of a signal to match an arbitrary frequency allocation. This paper argues that spectrum programmability can be separated from general wireless physical layer (PHY) modulation. Therefore, we can support flexible spectrum programmability by inserting a new spectrum virtualization layer (SVL) directly below traditional wireless PHY, and enable FSA for wireless networks without changing their PHY designs. SVL provides a virtual baseband abstraction to wireless PHY, which is static, contiguous, with a desirable width defined by the PHY. At the sender side, SVL reshapes the modulated baseband signals into waveform that matches the dynamically allocated physical frequency bands - which can be of different width, or non-contiguous - while keeping the modulated information unchanged. At the receiver side, SVL performs the inverse reshaping operation that collects the waveform from each physical band, and reconstructs the original modulated signals for PHY. All these reshaping operations are performed at the signal level and therefore SVL is agnostic and transparent to upper PHY. We have implemented a prototype of SVL on a software radio platform, and tested it with various wireless PHYs. Our experiments show SVL is flexible and effective to support FSA in existing wireless networks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":12373320,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2115133106","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/DYSPAN.2012.6478115","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: The recent increase in average life expectancy has increased the prevalence of adult spinal deformity (ASD). Instrumentation failure, including rod fracture (RF), may occur even after successful procedures. RF is the most common cause of revision surgery and pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) is a major risk factor of RF. However, disagreements remain regarding how results are related to hip and knee joint pathologies. Methods: Participants comprised 89 consecutive patients (mean age, 71.2 y) who underwent deformity correction including PSO, with \u22652 years of follow-up. Patients were classified into non-RF (n = 48) and RF groups (n = 41). Radiologic factors including spinopelvic and lower-extremity parameters were measured. Results: Both groups showed severe sagittal imbalance preoperatively. There were no significant differences between groups in patient factors, sagittal and coronal spinopelvic parameters, and osteoarthritis (OA) grade of the joints. However, preoperative structural and functional leg length discrepancy (LLD) and pelvic obliquity significantly differed between groups (P = 0.001, 0.002, and 0.002, respectively). The proportion of knee OA, structural and functional LLD, and knee angular deformity were significantly higher in the RF group than in the non-RF group (P = 0.008, 0.000, 0.020, and 0.012, respectively). Conclusion: Elderly patients with ASD often show degenerative changes in the lower extremities, and even if spine deformity correction is successfully performed, complications, including RF, can occur if joint pathologies are not resolved. Therefore, it is important to consider perioperative treatments for the lower extremities as well as restoration of the spine and pelvis. Arch Clin Biomed Res 2021; 5 (6): 940-958 DOI: 10.26502\/acbr.50170213 Archives of Clinical and Biomedical Research Vol. 5 No. 6 \u2013 December 2021. [ISSN 2572-9292]. 941","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":245098568,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.26502\/acbr.50170213","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract : Exide Technologies has received a contract from TARDEC to develop a 4HN format battery with AGM separator technology. In addition to redesigning the current flooded battery to use Absorbed Glass Mat separator, the battery will be the test vehicle for materials research aimed at improving battery performance. The effort is split into two topics: ceramic additives for positive and carbon additives for negative active materials.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137121753,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"173763674","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A state-of-the-art, highly sensitive sector-field inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometer (SF-ICP-MS) was evaluated for analyzing fluid inclusions in combination with a 193 nm excimer laser ablation, with the aim of expanding the technique to smaller inclusions and\/or lower element concentrations. A well-defined assemblage of numerous co-genetic fluid inclusions and thin layers (50 nm) of chromium and copper containing traces of gold were studied regarding reproducibility and detection limits. For comparison, aliquots were analyzed with a quadrupole (Elan 6100 DRC) and the SF-ICP-MS instrument (Element XR). While using an element menu of 21 elements covering the mass range from lithium (7 amu) to lead (208 amu), approximately ten times lower detection limits were found for the SF-ICP-MS, whereby the cycle time increased by only 20% compared with the quadrupole instrument. An absolute detection limit for e.g. gold of 1 femtogram (10 15 g) was found for fluid inclusions analysis. Detection efficiencies of 2.6 10 5 counts per ablated atom for copper and 3.1 10 5 for chromium were determined by ablating the thin layers. The detection efficiency for sodium in the fluid inclusions was 2 10 , about five times lower than that expected from the sensitivity obtained on NIST SRM 610 glass.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":202737467,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Evidence for a dysfunction in cognitive coordination in schizophrenia is emerging, but it is not specific enough to prove (or disprove) this long-standing hypothesis. Many aspects of the external world are spatially mapped in the brain. A comprehensive internal representation relies on integration of information across space. Focus on spatial integration in the perceptual and cognitive processes will generate empirical data that shed light on the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":144380960,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2064563060","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X03260027","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Isolated bile duct injuries are quite rare. The diagnosis may be difficult. The presence of continued abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, distention and jaundice in addition to abnormal liver function tests and often a leukocytosis mandate that a biliary tract injury be ruled out. The most important diagnostic study for confirming a biliary tract injury is paracentesis. The ERCP is then done to delineate the anatomy of the injury. Transhepatic cholangiography is an alternative to the ERCP. Treatment for a biliary duct injury must be selected on an individual basis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":19679913,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article describes how the San Pedro Bridge, which has six spans and is 750 m (2,460 ft) long, 88 m (290 ft) high, 12 m (39 ft) wide, and curved with a radius of 700 m (2,300 ft) was originally constructed in 1993 using the cantilever method. Its superstructure is a prestressed concrete box girder with main spans of 150 m (490 ft). The article shows how the width of the platform was enlarged to 23 m (75 ft) using five movable sets of scaffolding in 2008 and 2009. The bridge remained open to traffic during construction. The original platform was widened 6 m (20 ft) on each side by connecting a new lightweight concrete cantilever to the original upper slab. These cantilevers were supported by steel struts. The tie into the upper slab was made with new transverse post-tensioned tendons and the original superstructure was strengthened to resist the additional dead load of the expansion and live loads of the extra traffic. An additional new central web and a composite concrete-steel section were constructed and connected to the concrete box and central web using vertical high-strength post-tensioning bars. Also, external post-tensioning cables were implemented. The article describes how it was also necessary to strengthen the connection of the original concrete box section to the piers. Detailed calculations were performed to evaluate the load distribution transmitted to the piers by the webs and by the original inclined concrete walls of the box girder. Finally, a detailed second-order-analysis of the complete structure was made to guarantee the resistance of the piers compared with actual loads.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":108962614,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2015402866","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15554\/pcij.06012011.28.42","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The synthesis of the new terpyridine-containing macrocycle 2,6,10,14-tetraaza[15](6,6'')cyclo(2,2':6',2'')terpyridinophane (L) is reported. The ligand contains a tetraamine chain linking the 6,6'' positions of a terpyridine unit. A potentiometric, (1)H NMR, UV-vis spectrophotometric and fluorescence emission study on the basicity properties of in aqueous solutions shows that the first four protonation steps occur on the polyamine chain, while the terpyridine nitrogens are involved in proton binding only in the last protonation step at strongly acidic pH values. Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) complexation was studied in aqueous solution by means of potentiometric, spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric measurements. Cu(II) and Zn(II) can form both mono- and dinuclear complexes in solution, while the larger Cd(II) and Pb(II) give only mononuclear complexes. In the [ML](2+) complexes (M = Zn(II) or Cd(II)) the metal is unequivocally bound to the terpyridine unit. Some amine groups are not coordinated and can quench the fluorescence emission of the terpyridine unit thanks to an electron transfer process. Protonation of the unbound amine groups inhibits the eT process, affording fluorescent [MLH(x)]((2+x)+) complexes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":37301679,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1991355058","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/B609462G","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The authors present a translation lookaside buffer (TLB) system with low power consumption for embedded processors. The proposed TLB is constructed as multiple banks, each with an associated block buffer and a corresponding comparator. Either the block buffer or the main bank is selectively accessed on the basis of two bits in the tag buffer. Dynamic power savings are achieved by reducing the number of entries accessed in parallel, as a result of using the tag buffer as a filtering mechanism. The performance overhead of the proposed TLB is negligible compared with other hierarchical TLB structures. For example, the two-cycle overhead of the proposed TLB is only \u223c1%, as compared with 5% overhead for a filter (micro)-TLB and 14% overhead for a banked-TLB with block buffering. The authors show that the average hit ratios of the block buffers and the main banks of the proposed TLB are 94% and 6%, respectively. Dynamic power is reduced by \u223c93% with respect to a fully associative TLB, 87% with respect to a filter-TLB and 60% relative to a banked-TLB with block buffering. Therefore, significant power savings are achieved with only a small performance degradation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":54841693,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2039822051","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1049\/IP-CDT:20045025","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Legged locomotion with spinal undulations is a topic that has not received much attention yet in robotics, though, vertebrates depend on both their limbs and spine to move efficiently in their environments. In this thesis, my aim is to get more insights into the role and function of these two body parts as well as their coordination. Biology provides several answers to these questions. Salamanders and lizards are great biological paradigms for studying animal locomotion with limbs and flexible spine. Not only do they have a highly flexible spine and limbs that can sometimes vary in strength or even number, but they also demonstrate a rich repertoire of locomotor modes. They can walk on land, while they can swim and walk in water. This provides many more examples on the ways that limbs and spine function and coordinate. Biorobotics is a growing field of robotics that aims at answering questions that cannot be answered from animal observations. Those questions often deal with the development of a specific function of a body part. In my studies, I initially used a bio-inspired amphibious salamander-like robot Salamandra robotica II to extract basic principles of salamander locomotion. Although the improvements of the limb and tail designs enhanced the robot's performance to a level that was surprisingly close to the salamander's, several limitations were identified owing to the simplicity of the bio-inspired design. These limitations motivated me to design a new amphibious salamander-like robot, Pleurobot, which is capable of replicating the movements of salamanders with reasonable accuracy. A novel methodology was also used during this process which proved to be effective but simple at the same time. Three-dimensional kinematics of the salamander's skeleton were recorded and used to guide the design process and optimization of the robot's morphology and joints' topology. The raw angular kinematics, extracted from X-ray biplanar videos of salamanders, were then used to drive the joints of Pleurobot, resulting in natural-looking and effective locomotion. The main contributions of this thesis are two-fold: i) biological data and robotic prototypes that improve our understanding on sprawling locomotion and ii) a successful methodology for robotic design for more animal-like robots and agile control","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":109293118,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1530464284","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5075\/EPFL-THESIS-5607","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction: Aclidinium bromide is a long-acting muscarinic antagonist in clinical development for the treatment of COPD.\n\nAims: To assess the bronchodilatory effect of aclidinium 200 \u03bcg and 400 \u03bcg in patients with COPD.\n\nMethods: In this 24-week, double-blind, Phase III study ([NCT01001494][1]), patients were randomised to aclidinium 200 \u03bcg, 400 \u03bcg or placebo BID. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in trough FEV1 at Week 24. Other endpoints included: trough response over time; change from baseline in peak FEV1; time to peak FEV1 and normalised AUC0-3h FEV1.\n\nResults: A total of 828 patients were randomised and 737 (89.0%) patients completed the study. Aclidinium 200 \u03bcg and 400 \u03bcg significantly improved trough FEV1 vs placebo; these improvements were maintained throughout the 6-month treatment period. At Week 24, increases in trough FEV1 from baseline vs placebo for aclidinium 200 \u03bcg and 400 \u03bcg were 99 mL and 128 mL, respectively (both p<0.0001). Aclidinium 200 \u03bcg and 400 \u03bcg increased peak FEV1 vs placebo (185 mL and 209 mL, respectively; both p<0.0001). Time to peak FEV1 was \u22642 h post-dose (aclidinium 200 \u03bcg, 108 min; aclidinium 400 \u03bcg, 100 min). Aclidinium 200 \u03bcg and 400 \u03bcg significantly improved normalised AUC0-3h FEV1 vs placebo at Week 24 (183 mL and 210 mL, respectively; both p<0.0001).\n\nConclusions: Aclidinium 200 \u03bcg and 400 \u03bcg twice-daily significantly improved bronchodilation in patients with moderate to severe COPD.\n\nThis study was supported by Almirall S.A., Barcelona, Spain, and Forest Laboratories, Inc, New York, USA.\n\n [1]: \/lookup\/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT01001494&atom=%2Ferj%2F38%2FSuppl_55%2Fp875.atom","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":73133694,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2146803421","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, Wnts cause stabilization of \u03b2-catenin and consequent changes in gene expression. But not all Wnts appear to signal in this way. Developmental actions of Wnt-5, for example, appear not to be mediated by \u03b2-catenin, and now two papers show that Wnt-5 actually antagonizes canonical Wnt signaling. Westfall et al. explored developmental roles of WNt-5 in zebrafish. The dorsalization defects they observed when expression of maternal and zygotic Wnt-5 was removed were similar to effects of activation of canonical Wnt-\u03b2-catenin signaling and were associated with accumulation of \u03b2-catenin. Loss of Wnt-5 caused decreased Ca2+ release, and overexpression of Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II partially rescued the effects of Wnt-5 mutation. Thus, the authors conclude that Wnt-5 actually antagonizes the effects of canonical Wnts, possibly by a Ca2+-mediated signal. Topol et al. offer an alternative mechanism. In cultured mammalian 293 cells and in a human colon cancer cell line, ectopic expression of Wnt-5a antagonized canonical Wnt signaling and caused degradation of \u03b2-catenin. Their analysis, however, indicated that Wnt-5's effects were largely independent of Ca2+-mediated signals. Rather, they propose that Wnt-5a may increase expression of Siah2, a component of the proteasome, which mediates degradation of \u03b2-catenin. In 293 cells, dominant-negative Siah2 reduced the effects of Wnt-5a on \u03b2-catenin signaling, and ectopic expression of Wnt-5a increased expression of Siah2. In Wnt-5a knockout mice, \u03b2-catenin also accumulated in the distal limb bud during development. Thus, in limb buds lacking Wnt-5a, unchecked canonical Wnt signaling may cause developmental abnormalities. Consistent with this idea, chondorgenesis is inhibited in Wnt5a\u2013\/\u2013 limbs, but was partially rescued by grafted chick embryonic fibroblast cells engineered to express a secreted antagonist of Wnt signaling. Both groups agree that proper development appears to require a balance of opposing Wnt signals and that disruption of that balance could contribute to abnormal canonical Wnt signaling, which is implicated in formation of some human cancers. T. A. Westfall, R. Brimeyer, J. Twedt, J. Gladon, A. Olberding, M. Furutani-Seiki, D. C. Slusarski, Wnt-5\/pipetail functions in vertebrate axis formation as a negative regulator of Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin activity. J. Cell Biol. 162, 889-898 (2003). [Abstract] [Full Text] L. Topol, X. Jiang, H. Choi, L. Garrett-Beal, P. J. Carolan, Y. Yang, Wnt-5a inhibits the canonical Wnt pathway by promoting GSK-3-independent \u03b2-catenin degradation. J. Cell Biol. 162, 899-908 (2003). [Abstract] [Full Text]","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":219199149,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1126\/stke.2003.200.tw361","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hydrogen distribution in high-purity-based polycrystalline Al-5%Mg alloys prepared by changing the melting atmosphere was visualized by means of hydrogen microprint technique with electron backscattering pattern analysis after a tensile deformation at room temperature. The number of hydrogen atoms observed as silver particles on the slip lines was increased when the applied strain was increased. Hydrogen atom observed on the slip lines was totally increased when the melting atmosphere of the alloys was changed from argon to air. Hydrogen atom was observed at both slip lines and special grain boundaries when an air-melted specimen was deformed. It was shown that hydrogen atom accumulation at grain boundaries varied with the misorientation of grains and the angle to the tensile direction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":210814820,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1512349291","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2320\/JINSTMET.68.1043","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Since 1987, the Regional Forestry Board of Lombardy and the Water Research Institute of the National Research Council have been carrying out surveys of forest conditions and the response of the ecosystem to environmental factors. The study approach is based on a large number of permanent plots for extensive monitoring (Level 1). At this level, crown condition is assessed annually, and soil condition and the nutritional status of forests surveyed. Some of the permanent plots were selected for intensive monitoring (Level 2), focussing mainly on the impact of atmospheric pollution on forest ecosystems. Level 2 monitoring also includes increment analyses, ground vegetation assessment, atmospheric deposition, soil solution analyses and climatic observations. This paper summarises the main results of a pluriannual research, which provides a general picture of the state of forest health in the region and focuses on more detailed investigations, described as case studies. Modified wet and dry samplers which use a water surface to collect dry deposition were used in a pluriannual field campaign at five sites in alpine and prealpine areas, to measure the total atmospheric depositions and to evaluate the nitrogen and sulphate exceedances of critical loads. Throughfall and bulk precipitation chemistry were studied for five years (June 1994-May 1999) at two high elevation forest sites (Val Gerola and Val Masino) which were known to differ in terms of tree health, as assessed by live crown condition. Results indicated a higher contribution from the dry deposition of N-NO3 -, N-NH4 + and H+ and considerable canopy leaching of Ca2+, K+ and weak organic acids at Val Gerola, where the symptoms of damage were more evident. In the area of Val Masino (SO), included since 1997 in the national CONECOFOR network, investigations focused on the effectiveness of the biological compartment in modifying fluxes of atmospheric elements, and on the role of nitrogen both as an acidifying element and as a nutrient. To estimate the input-output budget of the catchment, monitoring was extended to stream water and soil solution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":55506996,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2078457960","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4081\/JLIMNOL.2002.S1.117","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract: Planning is a very important and strategic factor of its nature as a guide for the implementation of an activity in order to achieve the desired goals or objectives. Planning process as a series of activities is undertook to prepare a decision on what is expected to occur and what will be done. In the field of Islamic education, planning is one key factor for the effectiveness of the implementation of educational activities, national and local level. But in practice of the Islamic education implementation, educational planning is viewed as complementary factors, so objectives are not achieved maximally. The importance of planning development strategies of Islamic education in Indonesia is due to the implementation of Islamic education in Indonesia still needs to be done a repositioning effort, so that Islamic education can truly achieve its goals. \nKeywords: Strategy development and Islamic educational planning.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":244646105,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.24090\/insania.v16i3.1594","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYSA","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24090\/insania.v16i3.1594","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Characterization of the molecular factors regulating early embryonic development and their functional mechanisms is critical for understanding the causes of early pregnancy loss in monotocous species (cattle, human). We previously characterized a stage specific functional role of follistatin, a TGF-beta superfamily binding protein, in promoting early embryonic development in cattle. The mechanism by which follistatin mediates this embryotropic effect is not precisely known as follistatin actions in cattle embryos are independent of its classically known activin inhibition activity. Apart from activin, follistatin is known to bind and modulate the activity of the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), which signal through SMAD1\/5 pathway and regulate several aspects of early embryogenesis in other mammalian species. Present study was designed to characterize the activity and functional requirement of BMP signaling during bovine early embryonic development and to investigate if follistatin involves BMP signaling for its stage specific embryotropic actions. Immunostaining and western blot analysis demonstrated that SMAD1\/5 signaling is activated after embryonic genome activation in bovine embryos. However, days 1\u20133 follistatin treatment reduced the abundance of phosphorylated SMAD1\/5 in cultured embryos. Inhibition of active SMAD1\/5 signaling (8\u201316 cell to blastocyst) using pharmacological inhibitors and\/or lentiviral-mediated inhibitory SMAD6 overexpression showed that SMAD1\/5 signaling is required for blastocyst production, first cell lineage determination as well as mRNA and protein regulation of TE (CDX2) cell markers. SMAD1\/5 signaling was also found to be essential for embryotropic actions of follistatin during days 4\u20137 but not days 1\u20133 of embryo development suggesting a role for follistatin in regulation of SMAD1\/5 signaling in bovine embryos. Summary Sentence BMP signaling during peri-\/post-compaction embryo development is required for blastocyst development and follistatin embryotropic actions in bovine.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":210871255,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3001752148","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioz235","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7124963","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ingolstadt\/Los Angeles, November 19, 2014 \u2013 It covers over 500 kilometers (310.7 mi) on one tank of fuel \u2013 and its exhaust emits nothing more than a few drops of water: The A7 Sportback h-tron quattro uses a powerful, sporty electric drive with a fuel cell as its energy source, in combination with a hybrid battery and an additional electric motor in the rear. Its drive configuration makes the emission-free Audi A7 Sportback h-tron quattro a quattro through and through, with 170 kilowatts of power at its disposal \u2013 a new departure in fuel cell cars. There is no mechanical connection between the front and rear axles. As an e-quattro, the A7 Sportback h-tron quattro features fully electronic management of torque distribution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":176073510,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"422931884","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Scantling and rolling tolerances have gradually improved. The durability of anticorrosive property of coatings is the critical factor in safeguarding the capital investment locked up in the structure of the vessel. Understanding of reduction in corrosion rate due to protective coatings and the breakdown point of the coatings is a vital part of safe vessel operation. In this paper, surface morphology of paint scheme used in bilges water, is measured by using both optical and AFM (Atomic Force Microscope) to prevent corrosion. Both the strategies are utilized to study natural practices of diverse coatings in addition to the impact of their film development and shades. The results demonstrate that undercoat epoxy utilized within bilges water has great resistance towards corrosion in bilges water immersion test. Surface attributes of distinctive layers are noticeably unique in relation to one another in surface morphology. Mild steel coated with epoxy under coat shows better surface characteristics whereas film of primer epoxy coat has many pits as observed by percentage surface imaging of the current bilges paint scheme.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":137772056,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2329758691","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper provides an in-depth analysis on face shape alignment for pose insensitive face recognition. The dissimilarity between two face images can be modeled as the difference in intensity between these two images, obtained by warping these faces onto the same shape. In order to achieve this, we must first align both face images independently to obtain a sparse 2-D shape representation. We achieve this by using a Combination of ASMs and AAMs (CASAAMs). We then exchange these two shapes and obtain new intensity (texture) faces based on these exchanged shapes. This allows us to align the two faces with increased pixel-level correspondence while simultaneously achieving a certain degree of pose correction. In order to account for large pose variation, it becomes necessary to model the underlying 3-D face structure for the synthesis of novel 2-D poses. However, in many real-world scenarios, only a single image of the subject is provided and acquisition of the 3-D model is not always feasible. To tackle this common real-world scenario, we propose a novel approach for modeling faces, called 3D Generic Elastic Model (3D-GEM), which can be deformed from a single 2-D image. Our analysis shows that 3-D depth information of human faces does not dramatically change across people, indicating that precise depth information of a person is not needed to generate useful novel 2-D poses. This is a significant discovery that makes our method feasible. We thus demonstrate that our 3-D face model can be efficiently produced by using a generic depth model which can be elastically deformed based on input facial features. This face model can then be rotated in 3-D in order to synthesize any arbitrary 2-D facial pose. Experimental results show that 3-D faces modeled by our proposed work effectively handle large 3-D pose changes in face alignment and they can be used for achieving pose tolerant face recognition. We also provide comparative results of face synthesis obtained by an actual 3-D face scanner and our approach, showing our proposed modeling approach is both effective and efficient.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":2,"2015-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":14505734,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2006396739","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2012.2184755","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Find places to work as a group including Davis Library's wireless presentation device which connects multi-platform devices (Windows\/Mac\/IPad\/Smartphone) for interactive collaboration.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":114112362,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2978171243","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The problem of node localization in a wireless sensor network (WSN) with the use of the incomplete and noisy distance measurements between nodes as well as anchor position information is currently an an important yet challenging research topic. Most WSN localization studies at present have assumed that the anchor positions are perfectly known which is not valid in the underwater and underground scenarios. In this paper, semi-definite programming (SDP) algorithms are devised for finding the localizations of unknown-position nodes in the presence of anchor position uncertainty. Computer simulations are included to contrast the performance of the proposed algorithms with the conventional SDP method and Cram\u00e9r-Rao lower bound.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":7930640,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2098175396","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2009.4960066","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This chapter examines the rights of data subjects under GDPR and the role of the state in supervising data controllers. It examines data subject rights, including the subject access right and the right to correct and manage personal data. It deals with the development of the so-called Right to be Forgotten and the Mario Costeja Gonz\u00e1lez case. It examines the current supervisory regime, including the role of the Information Commissioner's Office and the enforcement rights of data subjects. Key cases, including Durant v The Financial Services Authority, Edem v IC & Financial Services Authority, Dawson-Damer v Taylor Wessing, and Ittihadieh v 5\u201311 Cheyne Gardens are discussed, and the chapter concludes by examining the enhanced enforcement rights awarded to the Information Commissioner's Office by the General Data Protection Regulation in 2018.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":202294339,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2969729385","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/HE\/9780198804727.003.0023","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The World Health Organization (WHO) rates hypertension as one of the most important causes of premature death worldwide. It is estimated that by 2020, cardiovascular diseases will be the largest cause of mortality and morbidity in India. Recent studies identified waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), waist hip ratio (WHR), and waist height ratio (WHtR) as the risk factors associated with hypertension. This study intended to verify the influence of age, sex, and anthropometric measures on blood pressure in Bengalee adults. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 405 adult Bengalee patients of out-patients of Mahesh Bhattacharyya Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Howrah in May, 2013. Male participants had significantly higher (p\u00a0<\u00a00.05) weight, height, WC, BMI, systolic, and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP) than female participants. Binary logistic regression was performed to test associations and differences. p\u00a0<\u00a00.05 two-tailed were taken as statistically significant. Age (B\u00a0=\u00a00.036\u20130.087, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.016\u20130.027, P\u00a0=\u00a00.000\u20130.016), WC (B\u00a0=\u00a00.024\u20130.043, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.013\u20130.015, P\u00a0=\u00a00.001\u20130.051), and WHtR (B\u00a0=\u00a00.027\u20130.035, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.012\u20130.014, P\u00a0=\u00a00.004\u20130.014) had statistically significant influence on SBP. DBP was significantly influenced by age (B\u00a0=\u00a00.057\u20130.101, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.027\u20130.031, P\u00a0=\u00a00.000\u20130.024), weight (B\u00a0=\u00a00.055\u20130.097, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.022\u20130.046, P\u00a0=\u00a00.000\u20130.026), BMI (B\u00a0=\u00a00.063\u20130.069, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.019\u20130.028, P\u00a0=\u00a00.000\u20130.009), WC (B\u00a0=\u00a00.082, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.028, P\u00a0=\u00a00.001), and WHtR (B\u00a0=\u00a00.046\u20130.089, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.022\u20130.029, P\u00a0=\u00a00.000\u20130.031). Among the factors influencing BP, obesity control should be an important priority in both sexes in Bengalee subjects. Further multi-centric longitudinal study on larger population is worth investigating to strengthen the study findings. Keywords: Anthropometry, blood pressure, age, gender, Bengalee","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":208376093,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2981942285","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Elmore, E., Lao, X-Y., Kapadia, R., Giedzinski, E., Limoli, C. and Redpath, J. L. Low Doses of Very Low-Dose-Rate Low-LET Radiation Suppress Radiation-Induced Neoplastic Transformation In Vitro and Induce an Adaptive Response. Radiat. Res. 169, 311\u2013318 (2008). The purpose of this study was to determine whether adaptation against neoplastic transformation could be induced by exposure to very low-dose-rate low-LET radiation. HeLa \u00d7 skin fibroblast human hybrid cells were irradiated with \u223c30 kVp photons from an array of 125I seeds. The initial dose rate was 4 mGy\/day. Cell samples were taken at four intervals at various times over a period of 88 days and assayed for neoplastic transformation and the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The dose rate at the end of this treatment period was 1.4 mGy\/day. Transformation frequencies and ROS levels were compared to those of parallel unirradiated controls. At the end of 3 months and an accumulated dose of 216 mGy, cells treated with very low-dose-rate radiation were exposed to a high-dose-rate 3-Gy challenge dose of 137Cs \u03b3 rays, and the effects compared with the effect of 3 Gy on a parallel culture of previously unirradiated cells. Cells exposed to very low-dose-rate radiation exhibited a trend toward a reduction in neoplastic transformation frequency compared to the unirradiated controls. This reduction seemed to diminish with time, indicating that the dose rate, rather than accumulated dose, may be the more important factor in eliciting an adaptive response. This pattern was in general paralleled by a reduction of ROS present in the irradiated cultures compared to controls. The very low-dose-rate-treated cells were less sensitive to the high challenge dose than unirradiated controls, suggesting the induction of an adaptive response. Since there was a suggestion of a dose-rate threshold for induction suppression, a second experiment was run with a fresh batch of cells at an initial dose rate of 1 mGy\/day. These cells were allowed to accumulate 40 mGy over 46 days (average dose rate = 0.87 mGy\/day), and there was no evidence for suppression of transformation frequency compared to parallel unirradiated controls. It is concluded that doses of less than 100 mGy delivered at very low dose rates in the range 1 to 4 mGy\/day can induce an adaptive response against neoplastic transformation in vitro. When the dose rate drops below \u223c1 mGy\/day, this suppression is apparently lost, suggesting a possible dose-rate-dependent threshold for this process.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":22067988,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2129847925","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1667\/RR1199.1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Balance between adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation is the key link of disease progression in obesity and osteoporosis. We have previously reported that formononetin (FNT), an isoflavone extracted from Butea monosperma, stimulates osteoblast formation and protects against postmenopausal bone loss. The inverse relationship between osteoblasts and adipocytes prompted us to analyse the effect of FNT on adipogenesis and in vivo bone loss, triggered by high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. The anti-obesity effect and mechanism of action of FNT was determined in 3T3-L1 cells and HFD-induced obese male mice. Our findings show that FNT suppresses the adipogenic differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblasts, through down-regulation of key adipogenic markers such as PPAR\u03b3, CCAAT\/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C\/EBP\u03b1) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) and inhibits intracellular TAG accumulation. Increased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation accompanied by stabilisation of \u03b2-catenin were attributed to the anti-adipogenic action of FNT. In vivo, 12 weeks of FNT treatment inhibited the development of obesity in mice by attenuating HFD-induced body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation. The anti-obesity effect of FNT results from increased energy expenditure. FNT also protects against HFD-induced dyslipidaemia and rescues deterioration of trabecular bone volume by increasing bone formation and decreasing bone resorbtion caused by HFD. FNT's rescuing action against obesity-induced osteoporosis commenced at the level of progenitors, as bone marrow progenitor cells, obtained from the HFD mice group supplemented with FNT, showed increased osteogenic and decreased adipogenic potentials. Our findings suggest that FNT inhibits adipogenesis through AMPK\/\u03b2-catenin signal transduction pathways and protects against HFD-induced obesity and bone loss.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":4877597,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2604504512","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114517000149","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This research aims to understand why Beyond Budgeting, a management accounting innovation, has not been widely adopted. The traditional budgeting process has been the dominant control mechanism for managing businesses for over 100 years. It has been much criticised over the years and the shortcomings have been extensively documented. There have been attempts to develop and improve the budgeting process or elements of it, with Beyond Budgeting being the most recent heavyweight solution put forward. Beyond Budgeting was announced as a CAM-I project in 1997 \nand presented at the end of the project as a general management model by Hope & Fraser in 2003. The proponents of Beyond Budgeting report significant benefits from implementing it but despite the criticisms of the traditional budget the adoption level of Beyond Budgeting has been low. \n \nDuring the literature review, theories relevant to the adoption of new management accounting innovations were identified and research questions were derived. The multiphase empirical research took a two phase approach. In the first phase, management accountants worldwide, accessed through the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA), were surveyed using a web-based questionnaire \nwhich culminated in 185 replies. In the second phase, following the analysis of the questionnaires, semi structured interviews were conducted with 50 respondents who \nhad signalled their willingness to participate. The interviews gave further depth to the research expanding into areas not covered by the survey. \n \nFrom the empirical research it was concluded that although adoption of the concept of Beyond Budgeting as a whole has been low, the constituent parts of Beyond Budgeting are being adopted more widely than previously believed, but often not \nusing the term Beyond Budgeting and also by managers who have not heard of the term. Abandoning the traditional budget, a cornerstone to moving to the concept as a \nwhole, has turned out to be one of the biggest hurdles to its wider dissemination. Regulatory and other stakeholder pressure obliges organisations to compile annual \nbudgets added to which accountants and non-finance managers are comfortable with budgeting and understand it. This has led to certain Beyond Budgeting techniques \nbeing introduced while retaining the traditional budget. \n \nPractical recommendations to professional bodies for more effective dissemination of innovations in future and a summary of pitfalls hindering the implementation of \nmanagement accounting innovations make up the contribution to practice. The research contributes to theory by adding to the body of literature on the adoption of Beyond Budgeting, comparing the results with the findings of prior research, \nunderlining the continuing relevance of existing theories by using their explanatory power to underpin the findings, documenting additional insights not found in the literature and by proposing a theoretical framework to document factors preventing the adoption of management accounting innovations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":109863154,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1529281003","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Understanding the reproductive parameters of very small or declining populations is of clear importance to conservation. From 1995 to 2011 we recorded calf production (n = 71) and calf survival for 27 breeding females in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) population in Doubtful Sound, New Zealand; a population with a recent history of declining abundance. Overall, 67% of calves survived their first year, and 40% survived to 3 yr (or are 2 yr old and still alive). Most calves that died in the first year died in their first month (87%). Multiparous mothers (n = 18) showed high variation in calf survival. The most successful six had all but one of their 20 calves (95%) survive to 1 yr. Fourteen of the 20 (70%) survived to 3 yr, and another four are still alive and are 1 or 2 yr old. In contrast, the least successful seven mothers produced a similar number of calves (21), eight of which (38%) survived to 1 yr, and none to 3 yr. Here we describe calving seasonality and calf survival, observed over 16 yr, and show that large variation in reproductive success of individual females is an example of extreme demographic stochasticity in this small, endangered population.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":85193557,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2066631679","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/MMS.12109","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Biodegradable poly(\u03b1-hydroxy acid) copolyesters consisting of benzyl-protected glutamic acid and carboxybenzyl-protected lysine derived blocks possess the capability to self-assemble to form stable nanoparticles in aqueous solution (pH 7.4), that are able to withhold doxorubicin, prior to its directed release in acidic solution. Such pH-responsive nanoparticles are non-toxic against a panel of human breast cancer cell lines, but demonstrated comparable toxicities to free doxorubicin when loaded with doxorubicin. Significantly, comparable efficacy to free doxorubicin was observed even against triple negative breast cancer cells, highlighting the potential of the materials generated as drug delivery vehicles for cancer treatment. Facile block copolymer deprotection resulted in a polymer that presents an altered self-assembly\/disassembly profile; forming nanoparticles when stored in either acidic or alkaline solution, but undergoing self-disassembly when added to aqueous solution of pH 7.4. This second polymer highlights the considerable versatility that poly(\u03b1-hydroxy acids) inherently possess.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":51626790,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2809832649","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/c8nr03897j","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/eprints.whiterose.ac.uk\/133152\/4\/Nanoscale%20Resubmission%20Supporting%20Information%20%281%29.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper examines consumer demand for food in South Africa. An Almost Ideal Demand System that incorporates socio-economic and demographic factors is specified and estimated using cross-sectional data of 1993 Integrated Household Survey. By utilising a two-stage budgeting procedure, a complete food demand system was estimated. The results indicate that, for food groups (meat and fish, grains, dairy products, fruits, vegetables and other foods), demand is generally price elastic. Meat and fish, grains and dairy products are luxury products, while fruits, vegetables and other foods are necessities. For food commodities, the results indicate that the demand with respect to own-price is generally elastic. The results suggest that, for an increase in income, food expenditure on meat and fish and grains would increase while that on dairy products, vegetables and other foods would decrease. The implications of the empirical results are discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":154164126,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3125095564","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary Chalkbrood infection of honey bee (Apis mellifera) brood by the fungus Ascosphaera apis results in fatal encapsulation of susceptible larvae with a mycelial coat. Recent QTL analysis indicates that some level of physiological resistance exists in individual larvae. We performed a fine mapping analysis to define the genetic interval that confers resistance in the larvae and identify the strongest association molecular markers that could by useful for marker assisted selection of the trait. Evaluation of the interval suggests that only two possible genes (single Ig IL-related receptor-like, XM_003251514.1 and juvenile hormone-binding protein, XM_391872.4) are likely to be responsible for the resistance. Both genes are strong physiological candidates and potentially function as modulators of the antifungal-specific innate immunity pathway in insects.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":41187577,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2103028112","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3896\/IBRA.1.52.3.04","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Probabilistic programming (PP) allows flexible specification of Bayesian statistical models in code. PyMC3 is a new, open-source PP framework with an intutive and readable, yet powerful, syntax that is close to the natural syntax statisticians use to describe models. It features next-generation Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling algorithms such as the No-U-Turn Sampler (NUTS; Hoffman, 2014), a self-tuning variant of Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC; Duane, 1987). Probabilistic programming in Python confers a number of advantages including multi-platform compatibility, an expressive yet clean and readable syntax, easy integration with other scientific libraries, and extensibility via C, C++, Fortran or Cython. These features make it relatively straightforward to write and use custom statistical distributions, samplers and transformation functions, as required by Bayesian analysis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":55996011,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2950779858","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1507.08050"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Samples of the topsoil were collected from plots of 8 field experiments which had been fertilised with P at several rates from 8 months to more than 4 years previously. Phosphate sorption curves were measured and described by the equation: S = acbo-q where S indicates sorption, co observed concentration, anda, b, and q are parameters. From the fitted curves, sorption between 0\u00b7 25 and 0\u00b735 mg P\/L and sorption at 0\u00b73 mg P\/L were calculated. Also measured were: the P retention index (PRI), oxalate-extractable aluminium, oxalate-extractable iron, and the pH of the soil measured in a sodium fluoride solution. The effects of the applications of P on the sorption of newly added P differed between sites. On 5 of the 8 sites, the slope term (a) of the fitted equation decreased with increasing levels of previously applied P. Consequently, the P buffering, measured as P sorbed between 0\u00b725 and 0\u00b735 mg P\/L, decreased. When the decrease in P buffering was large, the indirect measures of buffering capacity (oxalate-extractable aluminium, oxalate-extractable iron, and the pH of the soil measured in sodium fluoride) also decreased. On the other 3 sites, the slope term did not decrease significantly. Indeed on one site there was a small increase. On these 3 sites, the effect of the P application on the sorption curves was largely shown by increases in the intercept term (q). The indirect measures of P buffering sometimes increased with increasing application of P. On all sites, both the P sorbed at 0\u00b7 3 mg P\/L and the values of PRI decreased with increasing P applications. This is because their values are determined by the values of both a and q. We argue that the decreases in P buffering observed on 5 sites would increase the effectiveness of subsequently added fertilisers and would limit the ability of such soils to act as sinks for phosphate disposal. We suggest that the differing behaviour on the other 3 sites may have occurred because there was little continuing reaction between the soil and P.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":95148837,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1999806774","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1071\/S97110","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract In framed structures, rooms and corridors are formed by placing partitions between structural columns. This practice produces connections between plates which have a column running along the joint. If sound transmission at these joints is to be studied, then the effects of the joint column must be considered. The joint column will resist moments and forces applied by the connected walls. The column cross-section will deform due to the shear forces applied by the plates. In this work these properties of the joint column are used to describe the transmission mechanisms at the joint. Solutions for transmission coefficients at in-line, corner, cross and tee joints are predicted and used to calculate sound transmission between plates. Good agreement is found between measured and predicted results. The joint column increases the transmission loss at high frequencies for transmitted bending and in-plane waves. The transmitted in-plane waves are less important when columns are present. For transmission round a corner (at corner, cross and tee joints) the joint column causes only small changes in transmission loss. There can be a small increase in transmission at low frequencies. For transmission across a joint (at cross and tee joints) the joint column is important when calculating the transmission characteristics and the transmission loss is increased at high frequencies. These effects are also shown to be important for joints where a contained column which exists between connected plates (but is normally ignored) is present. The results show that the contained column increases the transmission loss at high frequencies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":119875450,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1997837780","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1006\/JSVI.1994.1493","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Reality of Research with Children and Young People illustrates the process of carrying out research through thirteen `research stories'. Each story includes a piece of published research, accompanied by a commentary from the author of the research explaining: \n \n\u00b7 the origins of the research \n \n\u00b7 how research questions were formed \n \n\u00b7 factors influencing the choice of methodology and data collection techniques \n \n\u00b7 problems that arose and how these were dealt with \n \n\u00b7 personal reflections on the project. \n \nThe research examples included in this volume have been carefully selected to demonstrate the reality of researching with children from pre-school age to late adolescence. They reflect the different traditions and variety of methods of collecting data, including interview, evaluation, ethnography, experiment, survey, case study, questionnaire, longitudinal, and standardised assessment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":142665170,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1553646174","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"FDA and other federal agencies want to help opioid users experiencing an overdose\u2014or their family and friends\u2014quickly find a nearby carrier of the prescription antidote naloxone. To do that, they have formed the 2016 Naloxone App Competition, offering a chance to win $40,000 for developing a mobile phone application. The contest builds on a federal initiative to make naloxone more accessible; the drug can reverse an opioid overdose if administered in a timely fashion. Naloxone is only available in the U.S. by prescription, but in some states it is more accessible to first responders, community organizations, and friends or families of opioid users. People who have access to the drug, however, are not always present during an overdose. \"The goal of this competition is to develop a low-cost, scalable, crowdsourced mobile application that addresses this issue of accessibility,\" says Peter Lurie, associate commissioner for public health strategy and analysis at","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":116124738,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2887177971","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/CEN-09438-GOVCON003","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) is the sudden cessation of the heart's effective pumping function, confirmed by the absence of pulse and breathing. Without appropriate treatment, it leads to sudden cardiac death, considered responsible for half of the global cardiac disease deaths. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a key intervention during SCA. Current resuscitation guidelines emphasize the use of waveform capnography during CPR in order to enhance CPR quality and improve patient outcomes. Capnography represents the concentration of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in respiratory gases and reflects ventilation and perfusion of the patient. Waveform capnography should be used for confirming the correct placement of the tracheal tube and monitoring ventilation. Other potential uses of capnography in resuscitation involve monitoring CPR quality, early identification of restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and determination of patient prognosis. An important role of waveform capnography is ventilation rate monitoring to prevent overventilation. However, some studies have reported the appearance of high-frequency oscillations synchronized with chest compressions superimposed on the capnogram. This chapter explores the incidence of chest compression artifact in out-of-hospital capnograms, assesses its negative influence in the automated detection of ventilations, and proposes several methods to enhance ventilation detection and capnography waveform.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":86653955,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2920736830","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5772\/INTECHOPEN.84430","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Venezuela has had a long and bloody history of military dictatorships. Yet, since 1958, it has developed one of the few effective, competitive democracies in Latin America. To explain this transformation Daniel H. Levine analyzes the development of modern mass-based political parties with pervasive organizations and commanding strong loyalties; the changing structure and content of social and political conflict; and the gradual emergence of common norms governing political behavior.This book does not pretend to be a general survey of Venezuelan politics. Rather, it is an attempt to understand, for both theoretical and practical purposes, the development of shared \"rules of the game\" for political action in a heterogeneous society. Once these norms are accepted by key elites, and then imposed on recalcitrant oppositions, they provide a means of controlling and managing political conflict without eliminating it.Mr. Levine's conclusions are based primarily on case studies of specific political conflicts. His study of conflicts over educational reform uncovers the conditions in which a traditional sector of society--Catholic groups and institutions--moved from violent, total opposition to the political system to a position of accommodation. In the second case study he examines the role of students in politics, with special reference to the integration of students in national patterns of conflict and opposition.Originally published in 1973.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":155674170,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2270447761","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1515\/9781400870042","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose: Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) is an oncoprotein that inhibits the tumor suppressor PP2A-B56\u03b1. However, CIP2A mRNA variants remain uncharacterized. Here, we report the discovery of a CIP2A splicing variant, novel CIP2A variant (NOCIVA). Experimental Design: Characterization of CIP2A variants was performed by both 3\u2032 and 5\u2032 rapid amplification of cDNA ends from cancer cells. The function of NOCIVA was assessed by structural and molecular biology approaches. Its clinical relevance was studied in an acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient cohort and two independent chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cohorts. Results: NOCIVA contains CIP2A exons 1 to 13 fused to 349 nucleotides from CIP2A intron 13. Intriguingly, the first 39 nucleotides of the NOCIVA-specific sequence are in the coding frame with exon 13 of CIP2A and code for a 13-amino acid peptide tail nonhomologous to any known human protein sequence. Therefore, NOCIVA translates to a unique human protein. NOCIVA retains the capacity to bind to B56\u03b1, but, whereas CIP2A is predominantly a cytoplasmic protein, NOCIVA translocates to the nucleus. Indicative of prevalent alternative splicing from CIP2A to NOCIVA in myeloid malignancies, AML and CML patient samples overexpress NOCIVA, but not CIP2A mRNA. In AML, a high NOCIVA\/CIP2A mRNA expression ratio is a marker for adverse overall survival. In CML, high NOCIVA expression is associated with inferior event-free survival among imatinib-treated patients, but not among patients treated with dasatinib or nilotinib. Conclusions: We discovered a novel variant of the oncoprotein CIP2A and its clinical relevance in predicting tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy resistance in myeloid leukemias.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":232130354,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-20-3679","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"When a treatment unambiguously defines the treatment and control groups at a given time point, its effects are usually found by comparing the two groups' mean responses. But there are many cases where the treatment timing is chosen, for which the conventional approach fails. This paper sets up an ideal causal framework for such cases to propose a simple gamma-mixed proportional-hazard approach with three durations: the waiting time until treatment, the untreated duration from the baseline, and the treated duration from the treatment timing. To implement the proposal, we use semiparametric piecewise-constant hazards as well as Weibull hazards with a multiplicative gamma unobserved heterogeneity affecting all three durations. Despite the three durations interwoven in complex ways, surprisingly simple closed-form likelihoods are obtained whose maximization converges well. The estimators are applied to the same data as used by Fredriksson and Johansson (2008) for employment subsidy effects on unemployment duration to find about 11.1 month reduction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":10283311,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2230799620","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2234271","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/econpapers.repec.org\/scripts\/redir.pf?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.iza.org%2Fdp7249.pdf;h=repec:iza:izadps:dp7249","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the proposed thesis, we address two challenges related to skeletons. The first is to formulate novel ways to define and compute curve skeletons a specific type of skeleton. The second is to employ skeletons to enhance surface reconstruction for geometry affected by severe amounts of missing data. In solving these challenges we discuss three different approaches. In the first approach we focus our attention to watertight geometry. We propose a curve skeletonization algorithm that evolves the shape's surface towards a curve by means of a motion that accentuates its local shape anisotropy. In the second approach we shift our attention to acquired data, where severe amounts of missing data introduce a significant challenge. To tackle this issue, we propose a technique that robustly extracts curve skeletons by interpreting its branches as local axes of rotational symmetry. We also propose an application that, by exploiting the extracted skeletons, helps to repair the data by performing a skeleton-based volumetric inpainting. Our last approach further explores the idea of volumetric inpainting by replacing curve skeletons with medial skeletons. Thanks to the fact that medial skeletons provide a natural volumetric representation of the shape, we propose a surface reconstruction method that considers volumetric smoothness as a novel and effective shape prior.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":123572770,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2278486722","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this qualitative interpretative case study was to explore how the National Assessment Program \u2013 Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) requirements may be affecting pedagogies of two Year 3, Year 5 and Year 7 teachers at two Queensland schools. The perceived problem was that standardised assessment NAPLAN practices and its growing status as a key measure of education quality throughout Australia has the potential to limit the everyday literacy and numeracy practices of teachers to instructional methods primarily focused on teaching to the test. \n \nThe findings demonstrate how increased explicit teaching of NAPLAN content and procedural knowledge prior to testing has the potential to negatively impact on the teaching of everyday literacy and numeracy skills and knowledge that extend beyond those concerned with NAPLAN. Such teaching limited opportunity for what teachers reported as valued collaborative learning contexts aiming for long-term literacy and numeracy results.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":151134368,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"182512796","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"LiFePO4\/C was synthesized from a gel precursor with ferric iron and an organic chelating agent as carbon source. Reductive atmosphere of N2 + H2 with H2 content of 0-20 vol % was used in the sintering process of LiFePO4\/C composites. The microstructures of the obtained LiFePO4\/C particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, element analysis and particle size analysis. The results showed that suitable reductive sintering atmosphere was needed to get pure LiFePO4\/C phase, but too strong reducibility led to the formation of iron phosphides, most of which was Fe2P. The amount of Fe2P increased with the increase of H2 content in the sintering atmosphere. The rate capability of LiFePO4\/C was improved when the sintering atmosphere became more reductive, while the discharge capacity of 0.1C decreased, which was probably due to the appearance of Fe2P phase.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136823456,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2081632634","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.287-290.1308","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVES\nTo investigate the in-vitro antimicrobial activities of the extracts of Abrus precatorius on some clinical isolates as resistance to available and affordable antibiotics by these pathogens is on the increase.\n\n\nMETHOD\nIn this study the antimicrobial effects of the extracts of Abrus precatorius from leaves, stem and the seed oil were tested against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, three clinical S. aureus isolates from different sources, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus anginosus (S.milleri), Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium spp (toxigenic strain of the mitis biotype), Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as Candida albicans using the agar well diffusion technique. Aqueous and methanolic extraction, using the soxhlet extractor was carried out on all plant parts used while petroleum ether was the solvent used to extract the seed oil. To measure the MIC values, various concentrations of the stock, 512, 256, 128, 64, 32, 16, 8 and 4 microg\/ml were assayed against the test bacteria.\n\n\nRESULT\nAt the different concentrations of the extracts used (512 microg\/ml - 4 microg\/ml), Staphylococcus aureus was the most sensitive organism with an MIC of 8 ug\/ml for the leaf extract. Extract from the stem and seed oil were potent against some of the gram-positive bacteria and Candida albicans but not against S anginosus, E. faecalis and gram-negative bacteria tested. The pH of the extracts ranged between pH5 and pH8. This study demonstrates that Abrus precatorius particularly the seed oil has a potent antimicrobial activity.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nThe results substantiate the ethno botanical use of different parts of Abrus precatorius for the treatment of various bacteria-related diseases. Topical application of Abrus precatorius extracts in ointments may be recommended especially for treating superficial infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":24870751,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"159402692","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4103\/1117-1936.180923","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCSA","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/1117-1936.180923","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In New Mexico, many reinforced concrete slab (RCS) bridges provide service on interstates I-10, I-25, and I-40. An accurate strength evaluation of interstate bridges is essential to avoid unnecessary load restrictions. The AASHTO load rating factor for this type of bridge largely depends on the live-load moment per foot of slab width. As a result, the main objective of this study was to determine a more accurate value for the equivalent strip width (using higher level evaluation techniques including diagnostic load testing and finite element analysis) for use in the AASHTO rating. A continuous, RCS bridge located in Las Cruces, New Mexico was evaluated in this study. An AASHTO load rating analysis based on the load and Resistance Factor Rating (LRFR) approach was first performed using code-prescribed equations for the equivalent strip width to determine the live-load effects. A diagnostic load test was then conducted to measure the strain response at selected points in the positive and negative moment regions of an exterior and interior span. The measured response showed that the slab stiffness fit within cracked and gross section behavior. Furthermore, bending moments from finite element analysis agreed reasonably well with those derived from the experimental strain data (using the average of the cracked and gross section modulus). Using refined analysis, it was shown that the equivalent strip widths for positive moment were 26.1% and 22.1% greater than those calculated by the AASHTO approximate method for the exterior and interior spans, respectively. Furthermore, the refined widths for negative moment were greater than AASHTO by 13.1% for the exterior span and 11.1% for the interior span. This increase in the equivalent strip width reduced the live-load effects, which proportionally increased the rating factors. Accordingly, the inventory and operating rating factors for the bridge increased from 0.84 to 0.93 and 1.08 to 1.20, respectively. The factors increased by just 11% (rather than over 20%) since the rating was controlled by negative moment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":106719653,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"597681151","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have taken the lead for many learning tasks, action recognition in videos has yet to see this jump in performance. Many teams are working on the issue but so far there is no definitive answer how to make CNNs work well with video data. Recently, introduced convolutional kernel networks, a special case of CNNs which can be trained layer by layer in an unsupervised manner. This is done by approximating a kernel function in every layer with finite-dimensional descriptors. In this work we show the application of the CKN training to video, discuss the adjustments necessary and the influence of the type of data presented to the networks as well as the number of filters used.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":62521370,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2205378640","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Crouch gait is a common gait impairment in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Growing up and gaining weight, lever arm dysfunctions further deteriorate and walking efficiency progressively worsens over time with risk of losing ambulant capacity in adolescent life. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether walking in an innovative walking aid can reduce the flexed gait pattern by improving alignment of the lower extremity joints and improving weight bearing. Methods: A semi-robotic walking aid called \"Hibbot has been designed, which can be used in rehabilitation and daily-life settings. In a cross-sectional study, five children with CP, aged 3-7 years, were familiarized with the Hibbot, by using the walking aid for 30 minutes, twice a week during 3 months under the supervision of their physiotherapists, who were instructed how to use the Hibbot. Using 3D gait analysis kinematics of the lower limb and trunk as well peak vertical ground reaction forces were compared between walking in their habitual (or no) walking aid and walking in the Hibbot, using a paired samples t-test (p < 0.05, spm1d.org). Results: After the familiarization period of 3 months, a significant improvement in hip extension (mean difference 9.4 \u00b1 1.4\u00b0) and knee extension (mean difference 10.1 \u00b1 0.5\u00b0) during stance was observed when walking in the Hibbot compared to habitual walking. Improvements were also observed in trunk posture. However, differences in peak forces between habitual walking and walking in the Hibbot could not be confirmed. Conclusions: These results are promising as to the possibility of the Hibbot walking aid in counteracting a flexed gait pattern. Further research is necessary to investigate the net joint moments and muscle forces explaining the higher knee and hip extension and improved trunk posture while walking in the Hibbot. Furthermore research should focus on determining which children with CP would benefit most, what are contraindications and what dose effects are to be expected. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04172324. Registered November 21 st , 2019 - Retrospectively registered. https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT04172324","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":2,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":238110289,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3182235638","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21203\/rs.2.20661\/v1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.researchsquare.com\/article\/rs-11262\/v1.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The current study examined adherence to medication regimens among adolescents with cancer by applying the Pediatric Self-Management Model. Adolescents and their parents reported on adherence to medication, reasons for nonadherence, and patient-, family-, and community-level psychosocial variables. Adolescent- and parent-reported adherence were significantly correlated, with about half of the sample reporting perfect adherence. The majority reported \"just forgot\" as the most common reason for missed medication. Patient-, family-, and community-level variables were examined as predictors of adherence. With regard to individual factors, adolescents who endorsed perfect adherence reported a greater proportion of future-orientated goals and spent fewer days in outpatient clinic visits. For family factors, adolescents who endorsed perfect adherence reported greater social support from their family and were more likely to have a second caregiver who they perceived as overprotective. The community-level variable (social support from friends) tested did not emerge as a predictor of adherence. The results of this study provide direction for intervention efforts to target adolescent goals and family support in order to increase adolescent adherence to cancer treatment regimens.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":24541483,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2021130472","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/1043454214553707","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc4410359?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The effectiveness of a Design Science Research (DSR) project is judged both by the fitness of the designed artifact as a solution in the application environment and by the level of new research contributions. An important and understudied challenge is how to translate DSR project research goals into discrete and measurable evaluation criteria for use in the DSR processes. This position paper proposes an inclusive approach for articulating DSR goals and then identifying project evaluation criteria for these goals. The goals are organized hierarchically as utilitarian goals, safety goals, interaction and communication goals, cognitive and aesthetic goals, innovation goals, and evolution goals. Goals in a DSR project are identified pragmatically by considering the components of the context coupled with the hierarchy of goals. Based on the identified goals, the associated evaluation criteria are determined and organized along the same hierarchy. These criteria measure the ability of the artifact to meet its goals in itscontext (immediate fitness). Moreover, our approach also supports the innovation and research contributions of the project. The apex of the goal hierarchy addresses the identification of criteria measuring the fitness for evolution of the designed artifact, to accommodate for changes in goals or context.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":85557293,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2972594453","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT: Prenatal administration of thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) plus dexamethasone (DEX) to pregnant rats produces significantly depressed fetal lung antioxidant enzyme (AOE) activities and AOE mRNA levels in late gestation. Because of this negative regulation of AOE gene expression in the late fetal lung, we hypothesized that hormonally pretreated prematurely delivered rats might demonstrate inferior tolerance to prolonged hyperoxia. Litters of prenatal TRH+DEX-treated and sham-treated prematurely delivered rat pups (gestational d 21 of 22) were randomized to either >95% O2 or room air for up to 14 d. The right lungs of 2- and 7-d exposure pups were assayed for AOE activities; the left lungs of the same pups were used to quantitate the concentrations of AOE mRNA by solution hybridization. The prenatal TRH+DEX-treated pups were able to induce adaptive lung AOE mRNA and activity responses to hyperoxia by 2 d of exposure; and by 7 d in O2 they showed greater increases in AOE mRNA concentrations and AOE activities in response to hyperoxic challenge compared with the sham-treated controls. Lung lipid surfactant measurements after hyperoxia were not affected by prenatal TRH+DEX treatment. In addition, TRH+DEX-pretreated premature rats did not show the hypothesized increased susceptibility to O2-induced lung damage and lethality, but, in fact, had slightly improved hyperoxic survival (d 3-7 of O2 exposure) compared with sham-treated controls. Exposure to hyperoxia significantly reduced serum triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels in the sham-control pups. These findings suggest that although TRH+DEX-pretreated premature rats have decreased lung AOE gene expression at the time of preterm delivery, subsequent hyperoxic exposure is able to convert AOE gene expression to positive regulation which results in more rapid and greater increases in protective AOE activity levels. This regulation is likely mediated differently for the individual AOE.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":2336874,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1984256023","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199505000-00009","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/pr199593.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hydrogen isotope separation systems using palladium (Pd) are currently being designed for both reactor designs with the aim of separating and purifying the reactor exhaust products which contain valuable unspent hydrogen isotopes. Hydrogen isotope exchange in Pd offers an efficient, ambient condition process that can produce pure isotopic species in a process far simpler and less costly than the current state of the art cryogenic distillation processes. The method is applicable whether separating hydrogen (protium), deuterium or tritium and any combination of these. If practical fusion devices are ever to be realised it is essential to produce an economical and efficient fuel cycle capable of separating and purifying hydrogen isotopes. Hydrogen isotope exchange in Pd is also of interest to the waste separation and purification industries, in particular those using hydrogen separation membranes which used Pd and Pd-alloy membranes. Understanding hydrogen isotope exchange, with particular regard to the formation of the intermediate (and often unwanted) hydrogen deuteride (HD), will aid significantly in future designs of hydrogen isotope separation systems. Novel hydrogen isotope exchange experiments involving hydrogen and deuterium at a number of temperatures (208 K, 293 K and 373 K) and pressures (1.3 bar \u2013 8 bar) not yet explored are presented in this thesis. The experiments were carried out on a unique piece of laboratory apparatus provided to and further developed at the University of Bath. Alongside experimentation, a novel comprehensive multidimensional multi-physics model has been created to analyse the experimental data obtained using the new apparatus and elucidate the kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions occurring between hydrogen isotopic species and Pd during hydrogen isotope exchange based on Langmuir-Hinshelwood surface reaction mechanism. The surface reaction rates, kinetic rate constants and heat effects have been examined in detail, and in tandem, for the first time.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":99785157,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2516504227","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Current debates in social sciences about changes which have taken place in production, particularly within the last decade, abound in the use of categories such as fordism, post-fordism, industrial districts, agglomerations, company networks, etc., which attempt to reflect, analyze and interpret the roots of these changes and their repercussions for work, social classes and society. In many cases these interpretations are theoretically (and politically) oriented, and the debate between different styles of interpretation or paradigms is livelier than ever. Moreover, the fields of research and the case studies most commonly mentioned in the literature are frequently subject to contradictory interpretation. Fundamentally based on original field research, as well as on an extensive review of the existing literature, in this paper we propose the use of approach criteria as a way of deepening our understanding of the social reality surrounding current systems of production: 1) the reconstruction of the global production process; 2) the location of work centers and networks in a territorial context; and 3) the analysis of social and institutional relations, the industrial atmosphere.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":145671278,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2151244350","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, the novel design of a side-slip angle observer and an observer-based stability controller for a vehicle with a non-linear tyre model and a varying forward speed is presented. The Takagi\u2013Sugeno fuzzy modelling technique is first applied to represent the vehicle's lateral dynamics with the non-linear Dugoff tyre model and varying speed. The observer and the observer-based controller are then constructed using the measured yaw rate and the estimated premise and state variables and are designed to be robust against the model and parameter uncertainties. The conditions for designing such an observer and an observer-based controller are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Numerical simulations on a non-linear eight-degree-of-freedom vehicle dynamics model and experimental data are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The comparison of results with those from other existing approaches shows that the designed observer can accurately estimate the vehicle's side-slip angle and the controller can effectively control this side-slip angle regardless of the variation in the vehicle's longitudinal velocity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":111174590,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2141617082","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0954407014547239","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study examines the empirical relationship of innovation and energy demand by wavelet transform context. This innovative technique allowed the decomposition time-series of different time-frequency domains. The continuous wavelet and the wavelet coherence power spectrum is adopted in this study. The relationship between innovation and energy is investigated by using the annual data of Pakistan, from 1997 to 2016 by using three proxies of innovation which includes research & development expenditures, high technology exports, and the number of registered patent by residents. The overall results of the wavelet coherency propose that the measures of innovation are beneficial to bring change in the demand of energy in Pakistan in the long-run period. Furthermore, the results suggested that the technology-oriented innovations have reached to the level of bringing a notable reduction in the level of energy consumption in Pakistan.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":149879562,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2942304277","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Phytase represents a potential win\/win management practice for non-ruminant producers since it can reduce the need for phosphorous supplementation and also result in lower phosphorous runoff. Cost of phytase has decreased and cost of phosphorous has increased. The reported adoption rate for phytase for non-ruminants was 17.2 percent, however it is currently added to virtually all swine and poultry premixes by feed manufacturers due to the cost savings. People were more likely to say they use phytase if they think it is profitable, not time intensive, and improves water quality.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":167766797,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2146865003","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22004\/AG.ECON.43235","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. Satellite area coverage analysis is complex, especially when the satellite operating state changes. Traditional algorithms cannot quickly and efficiently obtain the satellite area coverage analysis results, and are incapable of providing efficient online services. To overcome these shortcomings and meet the needs of 21st century geospatial science and applications for real-time response and online services for handling high concurrent requests, a data-driven real-time analysis service for satellite area coverage is proposed. Firstly, to optimize traditional algorithms, an extended bounding rectangle of the ground area is constructed, and the spatial relationship with the central point of satellite ground coverage area is determined to avoid large number of calculations of satellite ground coverage areas, thus, improving efficiency. Secondly, the data-driven real-time analysis model is constructed, and is used to further improve the efficiency of satellite area coverage analysis. Finally, a simulation analysis scenario is developed, the service proposed in this study is verified, and the results are visualized. The experimental results show that the proposed data-driven real-time analysis service can cope well with the requests from users for online service of satellite area coverage, improve the cognitive capability of users and operators, and help in completely utilizing the application performance of observation satellites.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":211083715,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3005432583","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w10-769-2020","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.int-arch-photogramm-remote-sens-spatial-inf-sci.net\/XLII-3-W10\/769\/2020\/isprs-archives-XLII-3-W10-769-2020.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Social interaction and crowding are reported to be important determinants of recreational outdoor activities. As both are determined by the total number of simultaneous participants in the recreational activity, the effect of increasing the number of participants is generally ambiguous. An analogue to Leibenstein's (1950) bandwagon and snob effect in demand is presented, and these theoretical models are extended to allow for different congestion effects at different congestion levels. Empirical evidence from a contingent valuation (CV) study on Norwegian recreational Atlantic salmon fishing demonstrates that the crowding effect dominates the social interaction effect for all levels of congestion. Moreover, the marginal crowding effect is found to be diminishing. JEL Classification Codes: Q21, Q22, Q26","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":153881525,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1909611423","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1086\/mre.24.4.42629663","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":": Using three-phase synchronous generators basic units in power plants, the main source for feeding alternating current. The electromagnetic force (e.m.f) given by these generators depend mainly on the number of pairs of poles in the Member excitement and speed of rotation cycles of the generator. Since the number of pairs of electrodes are part of the structural arrangement of generator will not change due to overload, but it will be the adoption of frequency only on the speed with which revolves where the generator. The power transformers are the heart's main power plants and power transmission and delivery to the consumer and based on the work of the converted electric depends on electromagnetic induction, so the performance of work directly related to the frequency in which they operate. It is through this research will be identified on the behavior of each of the born Synchronous and transferred electrical in the case of low frequency. This is done checks of laboratory and compared to examine the system simulation through the language of MATLAB has been done to change the frequency and noting the effect on each of the power factor, efficiency and organization of voltages for each of the converted and born Synchronous and show results in the form of charts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":256352395,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2947157161","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.37649\/aengs.2011.14261","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/ajes.uoanbar.edu.iq\/article_14261_5fddb4fa9434236c9b480359e719aabf.pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. Aerosol hygroscopicity describes the ability of a particle to take up water and form a cloud droplet. Modeling studies have shown sensitivity of precipitation-producing cloud systems to the availability of aerosol particles capable of serving as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), and hygroscopicity is a key parameter controlling the number of available CCN. Continental aerosol is typically assumed to have a representative hygroscopicity parameter, \u03ba, of 0.3; however, in remote locations this value can be lower due to relatively large mass fractions of organic components. To further our understanding of aerosol properties in remote areas, we measured size-resolved aerosol chemical composition and hygroscopicity in a forested, mountainous site in Colorado during the six-week BEACHON-RoMBAS (Bio-hydro-atmosphere interactions of Energy, Aerosols, Carbon, H2O, Organics and Nitrogen\u2013Rocky Mountain Biogenic Aerosol Study) campaign. This campaign followed a year-long measurement period at this site, and results from the intensive campaign shed light on the previously reported seasonal cycle in aerosol hygroscopicity. New particle formation events were observed routinely at this site and nucleation mode composition measurements indicated that the newly formed particles were predominantly organic. These events likely contribute to the dominance of organic species at smaller sizes, where aerosol organic mass fractions were between 70 and 90%. Corresponding aerosol hygroscopicity was observed to be in the range \u03ba = 0.15\u20130.22, with hygroscopicity increasing with particle size. Aerosol chemical composition measured by an aerosol mass spectrometer and calculated from hygroscopicity measurements agreed very well during the intensive study, with an assumed value of \u03baorg = 0.13 resulting in the best agreement.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":16046389,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2157611463","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/ACP-14-2657-2014","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Introduction: Pulse pressure variation (PPV) has been proposed as a promising resuscitation goal, but its ability to predict fluid responsiveness has been questioned in various conditions. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of PPV in predicting fluid responsiveness in experimental hemorrhagic shock with endotoxemia, while comparing it with goals determined by a conventional set of guidelines. Methods: Twenty-seven pigs were submitted to acute hemorrhagic shock with intravenous infusion of endotoxin and randomized to three groups: (i) control; (ii) conventional treatment with crystalloids to achieve and maintain central venous pressure (CVP) 12 to 15 mmHg, mean arterial pressure of 65 mmHg or greater, and SvO2 (mixed venous oxygen saturation) of 65% or greater; (iii) treatment to achieve and maintain PPV of 13% or less. Parametric data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey test and differences in crystalloid volumes by t test. Predictive values of variables regarding fluid responsiveness were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curves and multiple logistic regression. Results: Both treatments produced satisfactory hemodynamic recovery, without statistical differences in fluid administration (P = 0.066), but conventional treatment induced higher CVP (P = 0.001). Areas under receiver operating characteristic curves were larger for CVP (0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.68\u20130.86) and PPV (0.74; 95% confidence interval, 0.65\u20130.83), and these variables were further selected by multiple logistic regression as independent predictors of responsiveness. Optimal PPV cutoff was 15%, with false-positive results involving mean pulmonary arterial pressure of 27 mmHg or greater. Conclusions: Acute resuscitation guided by PPV was comparable with the strategy guided by CVP, mean arterial pressure, and SvO2. Central venous pressure and PPV were individually limited but independently predictive of fluid responsiveness.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":28541772,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2029879713","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e3182a0ca00","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract:The figures of veils in Shelley's poetics have long been understood as an inconsistent and potentially confused contribution to a debate between representational and expressive accounts of language. However, Shelley's veils are crucial to a broader range of aesthetic and ethical questions in his poetics, and when read alongside the related figures of clothing, armor, uniform, dress, and draped curtain, these vestimentary figures underwrite some of the most ambitious of Shelley's claims: that poetry is infinite and yet tangible, that it contains \"eternal truth\" while existing within a historical context, and that it does not compete with but underwrites the work of reason.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":171882401,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2616751156","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.17863\/CAM.9786","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We estimate the impact of investment tax credit on firm fixed investment in a difference-in-differences-in-differences framework, using China's 2004 value-added tax reform pilot that introduces a permanent 17%-tax credit for fixed investment in six industries in the Northeastern region. The tax credit raises significantly fixed investment of eligible firms by 28% on average during 2004\u20132007 relative to 2001\u20132003, corresponding to a user cost elasticity of 1.84. The tax incentive has larger effects on firms that are less financially constrained such as smaller firms and firms with a larger cash flow. The result is largely driven by responses of domestic private firms and is robust to specifications addressing the issue of anticipation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":152820970,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1542110849","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1918579","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"During the last decades, a global effort has been started towards the implementation of energy efficient electronics. Silicon carbide (SiC), a wide band-gap semiconductor is one of the potential candidates to replace the widespread silicon (Si) which enabled and dominates today's world of electronics. It has been demonstrated that devices based on SiC lead to a drastic reduction of energy losses in electronic systems. This will help to limit the global energy consumption and the introduction of renewable energy generation systems to a competitive price. Active research has been dedicated to SiC since the 1980's. As a result, a mature SiC growth technology has been developed and 4 inch SiC wafers are today commercially available. Research and development activities on the fabrication of SiC devices have also been carried out and resulted in the commercialization of SiC devices. In 2011, Schottky barrier diodes, bipolar junction transistors, and junction field effect transistors can be purchased from several electronic component manufacturers. However, the device mostly used in electronics, the metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) is only recently commercially available in SiC. This delay is due to critical technology issues related to reliability and stability of the device, which still challenge many researchers all over the world. This thesis summarizes the main challenges of the SiC MOSFET fabrication process. State of the art technology modules like the gate stack formation, the drain\/source ohmic contact formation, and the passivation layer deposition are considered and contributions of this work to the development of these technology modules is reported. The investigated technology modules are integrated into the complete fabrication process of vertical MOSFET devices. This MOSFET process was tested using cubic SiC (3C-SiC) and hexagonal SiC (4H-SiC) wafers and achieved results will be discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":110473686,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2138337916","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1557\/PROC-1246-B06-04","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The aim of the experiment is to analyze the influence of transesterification and degumming processes to the physical characteristic of kapok oil and to know the combustion performance of pressurized stove using oil result from degumming and transesterification. The performance test of pressurized stove consists of two factors. First factor is pressure (0.7 and 1 bar), the second factor is the kind of fuel; kerosene, degumming and transesterification. The result shows the combustion performance of pressurized stove using oil from transesterification process has the same performance using kerosene, this is evaluated from the physical characteristic of the oil and the combustion performanced. The physical characteristic analyzed were viscosity, density and calorific value, while the parameters of pressurized stove performance that was monitored were burning time, flame quality, nozzle clogging, fuel consumption, burning velocity, burn efficiency and stove energy. The pressure of pressurized stove was significant influence to the fuel consumption, flaming velocity, burn efficiency, and stove energy. Key words: Kapok oil, degumming, transesterification, pressurized stove","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":108613274,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1607008495","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A convenient and industrially scalable method for synthesis of homogeneous nanocomposite films comprising poly(styrene-stat-butyl acrylate) and nanodimensional graphene oxide (GO) or reduced GO (rGO) is presented. Importantly, the nanocomposite latex undergoes film formation at ambient temperature, thus alleviating any need for high temperature or high pressure methods such as compression molding. The method entails synthesis of an aqueous nanocomposite latex via miniemulsion copolymerization relying on nanodimensional GO sheets as sole surfactant, followed by ambient temperature film formation resulting in homogeneous film. For comparison, a similar latex obtained by physical mixing of a polymer latex with an aqueous GO dispersion results in severe phase separation, illustrating that the miniemulsion approach using GO as surfactant is key to obtaining homogeneous nanocomposite films. Finally, it is demonstrated that the GO sheets can be readily reduced to rGO in situ by heat treatment of the film.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":100212863,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2609944334","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/POLA.28613","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Research goal: analysis of the possibility of introducing cloud-based and mobile learning in vocational training in high school. Research objectives: maintenance and development of teachers teaching practical skills using modern technologies, which will be the foundation of cloud and mobile technologies. Object of research: cloud-based and mobile learning. Subject of research: cloud-based and mobile learning in the training of specialists in higher education. Research methods used: analysis of publications. Results of the research. The key components of the functionality of cloud technology in teaching is to provide remote access to educational services and materials for independent work of students, the continuity and extension of their education, mobility of educational communication and reduce costs of operation and educational content. Cloud technology can be placed in a cloud environment, traditional university educational content component, providing distributed in time and space educational communication, significantly increases the performance of students and teachers, prolongs the process of self-education. The main conclusions. The cloud as a new organizational form of the use of Internet resources and communications with resource outsourcing can effectively store information, work with it from any fixed or mobile device, share it, blurring the boundaries of time and place educational process.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":252023269,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.55056\/cte.266","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/acnsci.org\/journal\/index.php\/cte\/article\/download\/266\/268","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Whereas the promises of (predictive) analytics in healthcare are clear and extensively reported, the executive practicalities are not. Mapping the factors that have a hand in the implementation and continuation (i.e. deployment) of such projects improves the execution of prediction models and hence improves diagnostic and prognostic healthcare for patients. This research takes a design science approach to create an artifact aimed at successful deployment of clinical prediction models (CPMs). Through a literature review, various factors that play a role in the deployment of CPMs are categorized. Interviews with an extensive expert panel lead to the development of the CRISPDM Deployment Extension for CPMs. Next to opinions on the importance of each factor, new insights are collected on related topics. A case study at a Dutch hospital allows for the testing of the artifact. A gap analysis is conducted, leading to a practical advice in terms of successful deployment. The research concludes with a proposed deployment strategy and a list of eight recommendations that can be considered the determinants for successful deployment of clinical prediction models.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":213619807,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2996857999","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Partial discharge (PD) diagnosis is a recognized technique to detect defects within high voltage insulation in power system equipment. A variety of methods exist to capture the signals that are emitted during PD, and this paper focuses on the ultra high frequency (UHF) and IEC 60270 techniques. Phase-resolved patterns can be constructed from the PD data captured using either of these techniques and due to the individual signatures that different defects generate, experts can examine the phase-resolved pattern to classify the defect that created it. In recent years, knowledge regarding PD phenomena and phase-resolved patterns has increased, providing an opportunity to employ a knowledge-based system (KBS) to automate defect classification. Due to the consistent physical nature of PD across different high voltage apparatus and the ability to construct phase-resolved patterns from various sensors, the KBS offers a generic approach to the analysis of PD by taking the phase-resolved pattern as its input and identifying the physical PD processes associate with the pattern. This paper describes the advances of this KBS, highlighting its generic application through the use of several case studies, which present the diagnosis of defects captured through both the IEC 60270 and UHF techniques. This paper also demonstrates, in one of the case studies, how a limitation of previous pattern recognition techniques can be overcome by mimicking the approach of a PD expert when the pulses occur over the zero crossings of the voltage waveform of the phase-resolved pattern.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":44720732,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2154952066","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TDEI.2010.5412013","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The lungs of 11 rats fed on Crotalaria spectabilis seeds for periods ranging from 12 to 61 days were examined by both light and electron microscopy. The findings were compared with those obtained from nine control rats given a normal diet. Eight of the 11 test rats showed morphological evidence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the form of right ventricular hypertrophy; the exceptions were rats killed after receiving the Crotalaria diet for 12, 22, and 29 days respectively. On light microscopy, all the test rats showed exudative lesions in the lungs consisting of eosinophilic alveolar coagulum, intra-alveolar haemorrhage, interstitial fibrosis, and a proliferation of mast cells. Enlarged and proliferated cells were seen to line the alveolar walls or lie free within the alveolar spaces. Electron microscopy showed these cells to be enlarged granular pneumocytes containing enlarged, electron-dense, lamellar secretory inclusions. Scanty macrophages were also seen in the alveolar spaces, in which excessive numbers of myelin figures and lattices were seen: these structures resembled phospholipid membranes and were probably related to pulmonary surfactant. We think that proliferation of granular pneumocytes is a non-specific reaction of the alveolar walls to injury. The alveolar-capillary wall showed interstitial oedema with the formation of intraluminal endothelial vesicles, probably representing the early ultrastructural phase of pulmonary oedema, and more likely to be an effect of the pulmonary hypertension than its cause.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":1931891,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2100179155","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/thx.24.5.511","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/thorax.bmj.com\/content\/thoraxjnl\/24\/5\/511.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have sparked growing concerns among experts, policymakers, and world leaders regarding the potential for increasingly advanced AI systems to pose catastrophic risks. Although numerous risks have been detailed separately, there is a pressing need for a systematic discussion and illustration of the potential dangers to better inform efforts to mitigate them. This paper provides an overview of the main sources of catastrophic AI risks, which we organize into four categories: malicious use, in which individuals or groups intentionally use AIs to cause harm; AI race, in which competitive environments compel actors to deploy unsafe AIs or cede control to AIs; organizational risks, highlighting how human factors and complex systems can increase the chances of catastrophic accidents; and rogue AIs, describing the inherent difficulty in controlling agents far more intelligent than humans. For each category of risk, we describe specific hazards, present illustrative stories, envision ideal scenarios, and propose practical suggestions for mitigating these dangers. Our goal is to foster a comprehensive understanding of these risks and inspire collective and proactive efforts to ensure that AIs are developed and deployed in a safe manner. Ultimately, we hope this will allow us to realize the benefits of this powerful technology while minimizing the potential for catastrophic outcomes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-18":2,"2024-30":1}},"corpusid":259212440,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2306.12001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2306.12001"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We perform a detailed flop and bandwidth analysis of Jos Stam's Stable Fluids algorithm on the CPU, GPU, and Cell. In all three cases, we find that the algorithm is bandwidth bound, with the cores sitting idle up to 96% of the time. Knowing this, we propose two modifications to accelerate the algorithm. First, a Mehrstellen discretization for the pressure solver which reduces the running time of the solver by a third. Second, a static caching scheme that eliminates roughly 99% of the random lookups in the advection stage. We observe a 2x speedup in the advection stage using this scheme. Both modifications apply equally well to all three architectures.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":940470,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2022788309","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/1342250.1342265","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents R utilities for computing and displaying isosurfaces, or three-dimensional contour surfaces, from a three-dimensional array of function values. A version of the marching cubes algorithm that takes into account face and internal ambiguities is used to compute the isosurfaces. Vectorization is used to ensure adequate performance using only R code. Examples are presented showing contours of theoretical densities, density estimates, and medical imaging data. Rendering can use the rgl package or standard or grid graphics, and a set of tools for representing and rendering surfaces using standard or grid graphics is presented.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":60900838,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1764600358","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.18637\/JSS.V028.I01","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"CALET (CALorimetric Electron Telescope) mission was launched to the International Space Station (ISS) in August 2015 and has been accumulating scientific data since October 2015. The CALET detector, consisting of a charge detector (CHD), imaging calorimeter (IMC) and total absorption calorimeter (TASC), features a very thick calorimeter of 30 radiation-lengths. Due to its high energy resolution and its ability to discriminate electrons from hadrons, CALET enables a detailed search for various spectral structures in high-energy electron cosmic rays, with the capability to provide the first experimental evidence of the presence of a nearby astrophysical cosmic-ray source. \n \nThe electron spectrum analysis starts with detailed detector calibrations ranging from detector alignment to energy determination, followed by selection of well-reconstructed singly charged electron tracks, further quality cuts using shower concentration along the shower axis in the bottom layer of IMC, and analysis of the energy deposit distributions in the IMC and TASC layers and the shower shape difference between electromagnetic and hadronic showers. The geometric acceptance and selection efficiencies are calculated using the detailed Monte Carlo simulation of the CALET flight model, in which all of the relevant detector responses are taken into account. Background contamination due to the remaining protons is estimated and subtracted from the surviving events using simulated proton data, which reproduces the current observation results. Various consistency checks between data and MC simulation are performed using flight data. \n \nA preliminary spectrum of total electrons (electrons + positrons) was obtained in an energy range of 10~GeV to 1~TeV, \nbased on a limited data sample of 1-year observation. It will be presented at the conference.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":125423351,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2808998076","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22323\/1.301.0205","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/pos.sissa.it\/301\/205\/pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The basic knowledge in battery research bridging the gap between academia and industry was reviewed by the authors from both fields. In the first half, the importance of three technological parameters in practical batteries is shown, i.e., (1) cathode loading, (2) anode\/cathode pairing, and (3) electrolyte amount. We explain these key parameters in detail by showing several examples of the current lithium-ion batteries and lithium metal batteries in the literature with the aim of circulation of this key technological knowledge into academia, especially in the field of materials science. In order to clarify the correlation between the three key parameters and the energy density, simulations are carried out using a 1 A h pouch cell for a lithium-ion battery, i.e. graphite\/LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811), and three types of lithium metal batteries (Li\/NCM811, Li\/S, and Li\/O2). The resultant energy densities, when the three key parameters are varied, are compared for these systems. In the second half, we survey representative reports on fundamental battery science mainly provided by academia, which contributed to the advancement of modern battery knowledge. However, this knowledge is necessary to be brought to our society assessed by the technological criteria used in industry, which are shown in the first half. In addition to the above discussions, we provide a cell simulator to calculate practical energy densities, which can be found as an Excel file in the ESI, and therefore it is free to access.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":216433269,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3014465561","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/d0mh00067a","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The period of complementary feeding represents a major portion of the 1000 day critical window and thus impacts a period of substantial and dynamic infant development. This review highlights and synthesizes findings of several recent studies conducted to evaluate food based strategies on outcomes related to micronutrient status, growth and neurocognitive development. Particular emphasis is placed on interventions using meat or fortified products to impact iron and zinc intakes, due to the dependence of breastfed infants on complementary food choices to meet requirements for these two critical micronutrients. Regular consumption of modest amounts of meat or fortified cereals provides adequate absorbed zinc to meet estimated physiologic requirements, whereas homeostatic adaptation to lower zinc intake from unfortified cereal\/plant staples is inadequate to meet requirements. Iron fortification of cereals may be somewhat more effective than meat to improve iron status, but neither prevents iron deficiency in breastfed infants, even in westernized settings. Improvements in the quality of complementary foods have had very modest effects on linear growth in settings where stunting is prevalent. Maternal education is strongly associated with both linear growth and with child neurodevelopment. The determinants of early growth faltering are more complex and intractable than 'simple' dietary deficiencies of micronutrients. Solutions to growth faltering in young children most likely need to be multi-factorial, and almost certainly will need to start earlier than the complementary feeding period.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":5660221,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2134281393","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/NT.0000000000000064","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For over a century, courts and commentators have struggled to find principles that reconcile patent and antitrust law, especially as to patent licensing. We interpret case law and commentary to arrive at three unifying principles for acceptable terms of license. Profit neutrality' holds that patent rewards should not depend on the rightholder's ability to work the patent himself. Derived reward' holds that the patent holder's profits should be earned, if at all, from the social value created by the invention. Minimalism' holds that licensing contracts should not contain more restrictions than are necessary to achieve neutrality. We argue that these principles largely rationalize important decisions of the twentieth century. They also justify the Supreme Court's controversial General Electric decision, which holds that patentholders can set prices charged by their licensees.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"2013-48":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":263764752,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper provides an experimentalist critique of EU attempts to regulate biofuels according to sustainability criteria. The framework of experimentalist governance embodies a certain type of normative value, which we associate with deliberative polyarchy, stakeholder participation, and democratic destabilization. Taken together these dimensions enable experimentalism to embody the values of epistemic-cognitive problem-solving, inclusion, pressure for public justification, and accountability (e.g. through peer review). Biofuels are an interesting test case of experimentalism because regulation has emerged in precisely the unpredictable, multi-actor fashion that might favour pluralist social learning. Normative uncertainty \u2013 and therefore the potential for democratic debate - appears to be a core feature of biofuels regulation whereby the goal of sustainability is inferred by their status as renewable, low-carbon energy. However, through our case study, we suggest that the governance of biofuels has suffered from a pronounced disagreement over the attractiveness of biofuels, a lack of effective central sanction (even within the more ambitious EU-oriented fora), and highly variegated forms of peer review. Taken together, we argue that enthusiasm for the democratization of economic and environmental activity within the ambit of biofuel regulation should be tempered by the fact that this regulation was itself established as part of a market-making project. In developing this experimentalist critique of biofuel regulation, however, we also seek to envisage some pragmatic ways forward for governance. Indeed, we identify certain democratic pathways , including the critical reform of existing practices to better locate and defend marginal voices; to 'join up' experimentalist governance across issue areas; and to, more generally, respond to the complex problem of achieving the normative goal of sustainability at the global level. In this sense, we emphasise the critical potential of experimentalism to envisage new experiments in sustainability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":9528219,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"UNLABELLED\nInvasive aspergillosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients. Early diagnosis and correct antifungal treatment have a direct impact on patient survival. A number of newer diagnostic procedures have been developed as alternatives to conventional microbiological methods. The detection of fungal components, largely antigens and DNA, are used in clinical laboratories to diagnose invasive aspergillosis. Other rapid diagnostic tests have been recently developed with promising results. However, antifungal resistance is becoming an emerging problem. The detection of this resistance is important to administer the proper antifungal agent. This text reviews the novelties on new diagnostics Aspergillus spp.\n\n\nPROCEDURES\nIntrinsic antifungal resistance and mechanisms of secondary resistance to triazoles in A. fumigatus are also reviewed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":5435418,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2270529090","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.15.140","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Leptomeningeal dissemination (LMD) is the defining pattern of metastasis for medulloblastoma. Although LMD is responsible for virtually 100% of medulloblastoma deaths, it remains the least well-understood part of medulloblastoma pathogenesis. The fact that medulloblastomas rarely metastasize outside the CNS but rather spread almost exclusively to the spinal and intracranial leptomeninges has fostered the long-held belief that medulloblastoma cells spread directly through the CSF, not the bloodstream. In this paper the authors discuss selected molecules for which experimental evidence explains how the effects of each molecule on cell physiology contribute mechanistically to LMD. A model of medulloblastoma LMD is described, analogous to the invasion-metastasis cascade of hematogenous metastasis of carcinomas. The LMD cascade is based on the molecular themes that 1) transcription factors launch cell programs that mediate cell motility and invasiveness and maintain tumor cells in a stem-like state; 2) disseminating medulloblastoma cells escape multiple death threats by subverting apoptosis; and 3) inflammatory chemokine signaling promotes LMD by creating an oncogenic microenvironment. The authors also review recent experimental evidence that challenges the belief that CSF spread is the sole mechanism of LMD and reveal an alternative scheme in which medulloblastoma cells can enter the bloodstream and subsequently home to the leptomeninges.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":73493341,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2915729982","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3171\/2018.11.PEDS18506","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this study of the influence of Matthew Arnold on W.B. Yeats, I describe a tendency in the critical field to overlook the placement of Arnold at Phase 18, and the implications of his presence beside Yeats at Phase 17, in Yeats's key philosophical treatise A Vision (1926, 1937). The central contribution of my thesis is to address this crucial blind spot but also the concomitant failure by critics to consider Arnold's overall bearing on the 'System' itself. Chiefly through analysis of the gyres, two types of man, and lunar phases of the Great Wheel, I trace five main, interrelated aspects comprising 'the Arnoldian element' in A Vision: 1) Romanticism; 2) morbidity; 3) Celticism; 4) culture; and 5) the over-arching ideal of ancient Greek genius. My thesis that Arnold is paramount to Yeats's poetical and political concerns in the treatise demonstrates how the Arnoldian element \u2013 including a covert extension of Yeats's dialogue with Arnold in \"The Celtic Element in Literature\" (1897) \u2013 within its abstruse occult discourse partly but powerfully shapes: 1) the projection of Irish self-rule and unity, principally in the figure of the Daimonic Man of the ideal Phase 17 (Yeats) subversively juxtaposed with the fragmenting Emotional Man of Phase 18 (Arnold and Goethe), in a time of anarchy; and 2) the representation of a range of phasal examples (named and unnamed, encompassing both literature and sexual love). I argue that Yeats's considerable indebtedness to Arnold 1) both spurs and troubles readings of Yeats as a poet of decolonization; 2) merits attention in the long-running 'Orwellian' debate over Yeats's alleged fascism, coinciding with Yeats's eugenics; 3) illuminates A Vision as an 'anxiety of influence' text in which Yeats 'kills' his critical fathers Arnold and J.B. Yeats; and 4) warrants Arnold's routine inclusion among Yeats's foremost influences like Nietzsche, Blake, Dante, and Shelley whose portrayals in A Vision are partly bound up, as I show, with Yeats's engagement with Arnold.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":155370081,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2305423190","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives Data suggest that poor sleep quality as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) contributes to suboptimal diabetes control. How the subscales comprising the PSQI individually relate to diabetes control is poorly understood. Methods In order to explore how PSQI subscales relate to diabetes control, we analyzed baseline data from a trial of a telemedicine intervention for diabetes. We used multivariable modeling to examine: (1) the relationship between the global PSQI and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c); (2) the relationships between the 7 PSQI subscales and HbA1c; and (3) medication nonadherence as a possible mediating factor. Results Global PSQI was not associated with HbA1c (n\u2009=\u2009279). Only one PSQI subscale, sleep disturbances, was associated with HbA1c after covariate adjustment; HbA1c increased by 0.4 points for each additional sleep disturbances subscale point (95%CI 0.1 to 0.8). Although the sleep disturbances subscale was associated with medication nonadherence (OR 2.04, 95%CI 1.27 to 3.30), a mediation analysis indicated nonadherence does not mediate the sleep disturbances-HbA1c relationship. Discussion The sleep disturbances subscale may drive the previously observed relationship between PSQI and HbA1c. The mechanism for the relationship between sleep disturbances and HbA1c remains unclear, as does the impact on HbA1c of addressing sleep disturbances.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":3495318,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2791941938","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/1742395318759587","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7187808","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Seawater contains large quantities of valuable minerals, some of which are very scarce and expensive in their land-based form. However, only a few minerals, the ones in high concentrations, are currently mined from the sea. Due to recent problems associated with land-based mining industries as a result of depletion of high-grade ores, sustainable water and energy demand and environmental issues, seawater mining is becoming an attractive option. This paper presents a comprehensive and critical review of the current methods of extracting valuable minerals from seawater and seawater brines generated in desalination plants, and suggests ways to overcome some of the limitations and challenges associated with the extraction process. The extraction methods discussed are solar evaporation, electrodialysis (ED), membrane distillation crystallisation (MDC), and adsorption\/desorption.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":67845676,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2553017496","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C6EW00268D","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article develops a feminist theory of prostituion that accounts for its pervasive criminalization. Existing theories tend to reduce prostitution to a form of sexuality or a form of paid work. What is most threatening about commercial sex, however, is its admixture of the erotic and the economic within a single transaction. Criminalization reasserts a divide between market work and personal or familial intimacy both by punishing its crossing and by tying prostitution to illicit sexuality. Prostitution, in its particular institutional forms and cultural significance, is thus in part a product rather than simply an object of criminal law. Therefore, subordinating aspects of contemporary prostitution may best be combatted through decriminizatlion. Moreover, the greatest liberatory potential may flow from articulating prostitution as sex work, where the dignity and protections of labor coexist with intimate relations and where sex acts may not reveal sexual identity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":145569919,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2077291919","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1086\/495157","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The aim of the work is to study the effect of the number of nodes in the hidden layer, learning rate, and input level offset on the recognition rate, speed of network convergence (learning time), and network complexity of a neural network for speaker recognition. We investigated the number of hidden nodes that give both a high recognition rate and a relatively simple network. A high recognition rate (more than 97) was achieved when we used 30 nodes at the hidden layer. The results show that the recognition rate (number of correct answers) increases with an increasing of hidden nodes. However, it changes slightly after reaching a value of 97.6% for 30 hidden nodes where no significant increase occurred. Also we look to optimize other parameters to achieve both high recognition rate and fewer learning iterations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":64225881,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2542355848","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/SICE.2002.1195516","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study examined the effect of behavioral objective-based (BOBIS) and study questionbased (SQBIS) instructional strategies on students' attitude towards Senior Secondary Mathematics. The three hypotheses for the study were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The issue of attitudinal changes of student in mathematics classroom is an evergreen topic which cannot be wished away. It is therefore important to search for more and simple methods\/ways by which teachers could continually inspire positive attitude in mathematics classroom. The research adopted a pre-test, post-test, control group quasi experimental design. There was a significant difference in attitude between behavioural objectivebased instructional strategy group and the control group with the BOBIS group having far better attitude to mathematics than the control group. Similarly, significant difference was found between the attitude of SQBIS group and the control group but no significant difference in attitude was found between BOBIS group and SQBIS group. Behavioral objective-based and Study-question-based groups were found to have similar attitude towards. In other words, there was significant differences between the attitudes of subjects exposed to behavioural objectives and control group and between those exposed to study question and the control group and no significant difference in attitude between the behavioural objective and study question groups. Both experimental groups (BOBIS and SQBIS) proved to be superior to the control group. Based on the findings, behavioral objective-based and study question-based instructional strategies were found to be viable instructional strategies that could promote positive attitude towards mathematics. The implication of the result is that teachers' method of instruction in classroom is important in changing students' attitude and habits towards mathematics.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":221011320,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2992310359","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.29333\/iejme\/218","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.iejme.com\/download\/teacher-instructional-methods-and-student-attitudes-towards-mathematics.pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The classical Kloosterman sums give rise to a Galois representation of the function field unramified outside 0 and \u221e. We study the local monodromy of this representation at \u221e using l-adic method based on the work of Deligne and Katz. As an application, we determine the degrees and the bad factors of the L-functions of the symmetric products of the above representation. Our results generalize some results of Robba obtained through p-adic method. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification: Primary 11L05, 14F20.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":55325436,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Chip scale optical frequency combs using microresonators can enable a wide variety of applications from metrology to telecommunications. While tremendous progress has been made in miniaturizing the optical components, sources of variability and drift due to ambient conditions often limit their performance. We describe the design and implementation of a mixed-signal controller for optoelectronic frequency synthesis with notable frequency stability by locking it to an RF reference. A C-band tunable laser is phase-locked using commercial off the shelf components and custom board-level designs. Utilizing several laser inputs, our hybrid control loop enables a 50 nm tuning range with less than 10\u221212 frequency instability for 1 second averaging. A heterodyne receiver overcomes poor SNR of the photonics, and also features a scan-and-lock algorithm to facilitate an extended acquisition range. We report > 500 GHz frequency steps in 4.4 ms. All of the frequency settings and loop stability dynamics are programmable in real-time via a custom Graphical User Interface.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":125815318,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2767303007","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1364\/OE.25.029086","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A relativistic description of the structure of heavy alkali-metal atoms and alkali-like ions using S-spinors and L-spinors is developed. The core wave function is defined by a Dirac-Fock calculation using an S-spinor basis. The S-spinor basis is then supplemented with a large set of L-spinors for calculation of the valence wave function in a frozen-core model. The numerical stability of the L-spinor approach is demonstrated by computing the energies and decay rates of several low-lying hydrogen eigenstates, along with the polarizabilities of a Z=60 hydrogenic ion. The approach is then applied to calculate the dynamic polarizabilities of the 5s, 4d, and 5p states of Sr+. The magic wavelengths at which the Stark shifts between different pairs of transitions are 0 are computed. Determination of the magic wavelengths for the 5s\u21924d32 and 5s\u21924d52 transitions near 417 nm (near the wavelength for the 5s\u21925pj transitions) would allow determination of the oscillator strength ratio for the 5s\u21925p12 and 5s\u21925p32 transitions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":124944400,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2401566064","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PHYSREVA.94.062514","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Different approaches have been developed to provide technical support for mobile learning. Most these approaches consider only the physical properties of learning environment. In this work, we not only focus on the physical\/spatial dimension of the learning environment of the city, but also pay attention to the notion of Place which is a meaningful outcome of peoples understanding of Space. This paper illustrates how a theoretical conceptualization of Spaces and Places is mapped into a multi-agent framework called AGORA. It presents the design aspects of a mobile learning system, which uses software agents as its core functional units. We discuss how the theoretical concepts are used to define a technical solution to support mobile learning in a citywide context.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":15516925,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2150376566","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/I-SOCIETY18435.2011.5978510","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sustainability, defined here as the triple bottom line, is rapidly gaining importance as a societal and strategic business concern. Research on sustainability linked with Human Resource Management (HRM) is very limited. Although HR is often tasked with training and transferring values related to corporate strategy, an investigation of 10 German multinationals and their Brazilian subsidiaries found varying levels of HR involvement in the organisation of sustainability programmes or the transfer of German sustainability values to Brazilian subsidiaries. Content analysis of company reports resulted in an original model that includes five core components that characterise sustainability management in this sample: rationale, conceptual framework, direction, transfer and evaluation. Follow-up interviews with German and Brazilian executives specified the role of HRM in sustainability and the German-Brazilian transfer process. We conclude with suggestions for future research directions and a discussion of the model's practical HR implications for implementing sustainability initiatives.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":154920808,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2058511223","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1504\/EJIM.2009.024321","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present the Koblenz Network Collection (KONECT), a project to collect network datasets in the areas of web science, network science and related areas, as well as provide tools for their analysis. In the cited areas, a surprisingly large number of very heterogeneous data can be modeled as networks and consequently, a unified representation of networks can be used to gain insight into many kinds of problems. Due to the emergence of the World Wide Web in the last decades many such datasets are now openly available. The KONECT project thus has the goal of collecting many diverse network datasets from the Web, and providing a way for their systematic study. The main parts of KONECT are (1) a collection of over 160 network datasets, consisting of directed, undirected, unipartite, bipartite, weighted, unweighted, signed and temporal networks collected from the Web, (2) a Matlab toolbox for network analysis and (3) a website giving a compact overview the various computed statistics and plots. In this paper, we describe KONECT's taxonomy of networks datasets, give an overview of the datasets included, review the supported statistics and plots, and briefly discuss KONECT's role in the area of web science and network science.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":15005100,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"131619556","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/2487788.2488173","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Traditionally, colon cancer is diagnosed using microscopic analysis of histopathological colon samples. The manual examination of tissue specimens is not only time consuming, but is also subjective, and depends upon a few factors such as experience and work-load of the histopathologist. Therefore, research community is constantly putting efforts in developing automated colon cancer diagnostic systems, which can provide reliable second opinion to the histopathologists. Colon biopsy image based classification is one of such computer-aided diagnostic technique that can help in quantifying the differences in the structure of normal and malignant colon tissues without needing the subjective involvement of histopathologists. In this work, we propose a computer-aided diagnostic technique that models the differences in the regular organization of normal colon tissues and irregular structure of malignant colon tissues in terms of a few features such as least square distances, elliptic Fourier descriptors (EFDs) and morphological features. These features are extracted from each colon biopsy image, and are given as input to classifier. An ensemble of SVM kernels, based on majority voting, has been developed for classification of samples into normal and malignant classes. Features are also combined to develop an information rich hybrid feature vector, which is also used for the classification. The proposed method has been tested on a colon biopsy image based dataset, and performance has been observed in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves, area under the curve (AUC), and Kappa statistics. It has been observed that each feature type performs reasonably well. Further, ensemble classifier and the hybrid feature vector have shown better performance compared to individual features and the individual classifiers, respectively.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":9269809,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2545489476","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/FIT.2015.49","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Among visceral metastatic sites, cutaneous melanoma (CM) metastasises initially to the liver in ~14\u201320% of cases. Liver metastases in CM patients are associated with both poor prognosis and poor response to immunotherapy. Histopathological growth patterns (HGPs) of liver metastases of the replacement and desmoplastic type, particularly from colorectal cancer and uveal melanoma (UM), may impart valuable biological and prognostic information. Here, we have studied HGP in 43 CM liver metastases resected from 42 CM patients along with other prognostic factors from three institutions. The HGPs (replacement, desmoplastic, pushing) were scored at the metastasis\u2013liver interface with two algorithms: (1) 100% desmoplastic growth pattern (dHGP) and any (\u22651%) replacement pattern (any\u2010rHGP) and (2) >50% dHGP, >50% rHGP or mixed (<50% dHGP and\/or rHGP, pushing HGP). For 1 patient with 2 metastases, an average was taken to obtain 1 final HGP yielding 42 observations from 42 patients. 22 cases (52%) had 100% dHGP whereas 20 (48%) had any replacement. Cases with rHGP demonstrated vascular co\u2010option\/angiotropism. With the development of liver metastasis, only rHGP (both algorithms), male gender and positive resection margins predicted diminished overall survival (p =\u20090.00099 and p =\u20090.0015; p =\u20090.034 and p =\u20090.024 respectively). On multivariate analysis, only HGP remained significant. 7 of 42 (17%) patients were alive with disease and 21 (50%) died with follow\u2010up after liver metastases ranging from 1.8 to 42.2 months (mean: 20.4 months, median: 19.0 months). 14 (33%) patients with previously\u2010treated metastatic disease had no evidence of disease at last follow up. In conclusion, we report for the first time replacement and desmoplastic HGPs in CM liver metastases and their prognostic value, as in UM and other solid cancers. Of particular importance, any rHGP significantly predicted diminished overall survival while 100% dHGP correlated with increased survival. These results contribute to a better understanding of the biology of CM liver metastases and potentially may be utilised in managing patients with these metastases.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":215809219,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3016341323","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/cjp2.161","PubMedCentral":"7339161","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1002\/cjp2.161","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Family function as a system is very urged by what to be the aims of life and ownership of resources. Family's aims can be reached when resources available. Satisfaction level on family's resources ownership is influenced by family's values. The aimed of this research were to identify the ownership of resources of low income family and to analyze the satisfaction level on resources ownership by low income family. This research was a cross sectional study in thirty poor families that lived in urban area. In low income family, resources ownership (especially physical resources) is limited. Average of income per capita per month was Rp 78.492,00. Income was used only for daily food consumption, just enough \"to eat\" and not considering family nutrient requirement aspects. Because of this economy limitedness, many families had childrens who dropped out school. In general, physical resources that owned by family can only fulfil half of samples' expectation, while non physical resources factor in general can fulfil samples' expectation. Samples's age correlated positively with the satisfaction level, while education correlated negatively with satisfaction level. Family income not correlated with samples satisfaction level. Satisfaction was influenced by how the families managed the income to fulfill daily needs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":157204656,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2209855239","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.24156\/JIKK.2009.2.2.122","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Despite the numerous health benefits, population physical activity levels are low and declining with age. A continued increase of Internet access allows for website-delivered interventions to be implemented across age-groups, though older people have typically not been considered for this type of intervention. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate a website-delivered computer-tailored physical activity intervention, with a specific focus on differences in tailored advice acceptability, website usability, and physical activity change between three age-groups. To mimic \"real-life\" conditions, the intervention, which provided personalized physical activity feedback delivered via the Internet, was implemented and evaluated without any personal contact for the entire duration of the study. Data were collected online at baseline, 1-week, and 1-month follow-up and analyzed for three age-groups (\u226444, 45-59, and \u226560 years) using linear mixed models. Overall, 803 adults received the intervention and 288 completed all measures. The oldest age-group increased physical activity more than the other two groups, spent the most time on the website, though had significantly lower perceived Internet self-confidence scores when compared with the youngest age-group. No differences were found in terms of website usability and tailored advice acceptability. These results suggest that website-delivered physical activity interventions can be suitable and effective for older aged adults.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":25008514,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2319091100","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/1090198112461791","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Combine complex concepts facing the financial sector with the software toolsets available to analysts. The credit decisions you make are dependent on the data, models, and tools that you use to determine them. Developing Credit Risk Models Using SAS Enterprise Miner and SAS\/STAT: Theory and Applications combines both theoretical explanation and practical applications to define as well as demonstrate how you can build credit risk models using SAS Enterprise Miner and SAS\/STAT and apply them into practice. The ultimate goal of credit risk is to reduce losses through better and more reliable credit decisions that can be developed and deployed quickly. In this example-driven book, Dr. Brown breaks down the required modeling steps and details how this would be achieved through the implementation of SAS Enterprise Miner and SAS\/STAT. Users will solve real-world risk problems as well as comprehensively walk through model development while addressing key concepts in credit risk modeling. The book is aimed at credit risk analysts in retail banking, but its applications apply to risk modeling outside of the retail banking sphere. Those who would benefit from this book include credit risk analysts and managers alike, as well as analysts working in fraud, Basel compliancy, and marketing analytics. It is targeted for intermediate users with a specific business focus and some programming background is required. Efficient and effective management of the entire credit risk model lifecycle process enables you to make better credit decisions. Developing Credit Risk Models Using SAS Enterprise Miner and SAS\/STAT: Theory and Applications demonstrates how practitioners can more accurately develop credit risk models as well as implement them in a timely fashion. This book is part of the SAS Press Program.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":168973719,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2770568966","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Mississippi State University was founded in 1878 and opened its doors in 1880 as a land-grant school de-signed for teaching agriculture and mechanical arts. Building upon the work of John K. Bettersworth, Michael B. Ballard traces the evolution of this institution. From the beginning, first president Stephen D. Lee wanted to expand the university\\'s vi-sion beyond agriculture and engineering. While admit-ting that these should be the focal points, the school gra-dually introduced studies in the humanities. The university evolved around the expectation of being the \\\"People\\'s Col-lege,\\\" drawing students from rural areas and poor back-grounds and giving them a chance to succeed in higher education. There remains a broad cross-section in the student body from many backgrounds, including a substantial number of African American and international students. This kind of mix, which extends to the faculty, has strengthened the research capabilities of the university and broadened the academic landscape in ways Lee never dreamed. The author covers many other facets of MSU, such as how it has been affected by national events through the years, including the Great Depression, World Wars I and II, and the civil rights movement of the 1960s. Michael B. Ballard is the university archivist and coordinator of the Congressional and Political Research Center at Mississippi State University. He is the author of numerous books on the Civil War, including Pemberton: The General Who Lost Vicksburg and Civil War Mississippi: A Guide, both from University Press of Mississippi.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":153246184,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"578835362","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The aim of this work was to explore the impact of local cultural dynamics on the conservation of the built heritage of Suakin, an abandoned historic port on the Red Sea coast of Sudan, through a collaborative stakeholder approach. Key representatives of local stakeholder groups attended a two-day workshop and took part in a series of collaborative activities. These encompassed the production of a rank-ordered list of the key local cultural dynamics impacting on the port's conservation, agreement to a number of actions to address obstacles to conservation, identification of local cultural values collectively determined by stakeholder and confirmation of the value of an integrated conservation approach. The workshop enabled a shared understanding and responsibility between stakeholders and established a commitment to further action to address the key local cultural dynamics impacting on the conservation. This collaborative stakeholder participation represented a new step in the port's conservation and invited the development of more formal protocols to enable the equal representation and participation of stakeholders in future conservation activities and initiatives.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":54057809,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2007896987","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1680\/ESU.14.00018","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A fiber-optic microphobe is described which is inexpensive and simple to build and use. It consists of an 80-micrometers optical fiber which at the end is tapered down to a rounded sensing tip of 20-30-micrometers diameter. The detector is a hybrid photodiode\/amplifier. The probe has a sensitivity of 0.01 microEinst m-2 s-1 and a spectral range of 300-1,100 nm. Spectral light gradients were measured in fine-grained San Francisco Bay sediment that had an undisturbed diatom coating on the surface. The photic zone of the mud was only 0.4 mm deep. Measured in situ spectra showed extinction maxima at 430-520, 620-630, 670, and 825-850 nm due to absorption by chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phycocyanin, and bacterio-chlorophyll a. Maximum light penetration in the visible range was found in both the violet and the red or = 700 nm.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":84798021,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2022635248","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4319\/LO.1986.31.6.1376","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients suffer from many of the gastrointestinal conditions which occur in non-CF individuals, e.g., dyspepsia and peptic ulceration. These symptoms may be caused by Helicobacter pylori but could also be due to either pancreatic insufficiency or the intensive antibiotic treatment used in CF patients. Since CF patients chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa produce antibodies against a wide range of antigens, including antigens common to many other bacteria, e.g., GroEL and lipopolysaccharide, we studied, by the Western blot (immunoblot) technique, the specificity of immunoglobulin G antibodies to H. pylori in Danish CF patients chronically infected with P. aeruginosa, CF patients without P. aeruginosa infection but with Haemophilus influenzae infection, patients with dyspeptic ulcers associated with H. pylori, and patients recovering from acute Campylobacter jejuni or Campylobacter coli infection. Sera from CF patients with chronic P. aeruginosa or H. influenzae infection and patients recovering from acute C. jejuni infection cross-reacted with H. pylori antigens. A strong cross-reacting protein antigen at approximately 14 kDa and minor cross-reactive antigens at approximately 27, 30, and 60 kDa (the heat shock protein GroEL is equivalent to the common antigen of P. aeruginosa) could be demonstrated. The results of this study show that high immunoglobulin G antibody titers against H. pylori in CF patients cannot be regarded as indicating present or past H. pylori infection unless their specificity is proven by absorption studies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":5251177,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2158226785","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/cdli.2.2.149-155.1995","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc170118?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"There can be appreciated that the land surfaces cultivated with forage plants will increase at least from two reasons, respectivelly the change of the human food structure in the advantage of the animal products and the absolute numeric increase of the humankind, the last one determinng the need of consistent food to be greater. From the forage plants that are distiguished considering the yield and qualitative importance the main are the leguminous. Most of the legumes are excelent forager species, mainly for the ruminants becvause of their increased content in proteins. This content is due to the symbiosis between legumes and bacteria from Rhyzobium genus. The purpose of this study is to approach the rentability of an alfalfa crop used for forage and for seed production for the exploitation during three years. For this purpose there were analysed the costs needed for the setting of the alfalfa field on s surface of 50 hectares on the teritory of the PlantProtection SRL from Siria locality (Arad County) associated with the material expenses generated by the crop maintenance. The biological material used was represented by NS-Banat ZMS II variety cultivated on a vertic faeziom soil type. The applied technology was the following: winter plowghing, seed bed preparation and spring seeding. The total costs from the setting of alfalfa crop on 50 hectares are coming from the costs regarding the mechanical works that were cost 19.750 lei (Romanian currency) and material expenses that were cost 41.250 lei, the total costs being 61.000 lei. From the analysis of the costs regarding the costs for the setting, maintenance and exploitation of the 50 hectares alfalfa crop was obtained 101200 lei for the first exploitation year and 309939 lei for the second. As a conclusion alfalfa crop is one of the most profitable culture for the farmers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":168162799,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2099269218","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Author(s): Chirvasitu, Alexandru Leonida | Advisor(s): Serganova, Vera | Abstract: The thesis comprises three largely independent projects undertaken during my stay at UC Berkeley, all revolving around the same mathematical objects: Cosemisimple Hopf algebras, regarded here as function algebras on linearly reductive quantum groups. We often specialize further to Hopf *-algebras coacting universally on finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces perhaps endowed with additional structure. Such a Hopf algebra is to be thought of as the algebra of representative functions on the compact quantum automorphism group of the respective structure. Chapter 2 is based on [23]. The question of whether or not a Hopf algebra H is faithfully flat over a Hopf subalgebra A has received positive answers in several particular cases: when H is commutative, or cocommutative, or pointed, or when A contains the coradical of H. We prove the result for cosemisimple H, adding this latter class of Hopf algebras to those known to be faithfully flat over all Hopf subalgebras. We also show that the third term of the resulting ``exact sequence'' A -g H -g C is always a cosemisimple coalgebra, and that the expectation H -g A is positive when H is a CQG algebra. Chapter 3 consists of material from [22], with earlier related results appearing in [24]. We define the notion of a (linearly reductive) center for a linearly reductive quantum group, and show that the quotient of a such a quantum group by its center is simple whenever its fusion semiring is free in the sense of Banica and Vergnioux. We also prove that the same is true of free products of quantum groups under very mild non-degeneracy conditions. Several natural families of compact quantum groups, some with non-commutative fusion semirings and hence very ``far from classical'', are thus seen to be simple. Examples include quotients of free unitary groups by their centers as well as quotients of quantum reflection groups by their centers. In Chapter 4 we show that provided n is different from 3, the involutive Hopf *-algebra Au(n) coacting universally on an n-dimensional Hilbert space has enough finite-dimensional representations, in the sense that every non-zero element acts non-trivially in some finite-dimensional *-representation. This implies that the discrete quantum group with group algebra Au(n) is maximal almost periodic, i.e. it embeds in its quantum Bohr compactification; this answers a question posed by P. Soltan. We also prove analogous results for the involutive Hopf *-algebra Bu(n) coacting universally on an n-dimensional Hilbert space equipped with a non-degenerate bilinear form.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":123191835,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2221128487","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study combines interviews and online Q-\u00ad\u2010sorting to investigate the principles for effectively creating and evaluating business cases for complex IT investments, such as enterprise information systems. Interviews with\nnine expert practitioners are analyzed to examine current practices and challenges with the process of creating\nand evaluating business cases for complex IT investments. An online Q-\u00ad\u2010sorting study using 19 expert practitioners is also analyzed to examine the relative importance of 32 principles for the effective creation and evaluation of business cases for complex IT investments. The findings indicate there are at least two different types of opinions on the most important principles for creating and evaluating the business cases. Furthermore, several principles that have not received much prior study were judged to be highly important such as the need to consider change management, strategic alignment, and the process of \"socialization\" of a business case for complex IT investments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":242540756,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.32920\/ryerson.14651907","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/rshare.library.ryerson.ca\/articles\/thesis\/An_investigation_into_the_principles_for_creating_and_evaluating_effective_business_cases_for_complex_IT_investments\/14651907\/1\/files\/28133670.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For various reasons, reduction or cessation of feeding (anorexia) can occur in either sex during periods of reproduction among vertebrates, from cichlids to elephant seals. Anorexia is commonly associated with gestation in snakes. Using radiotelemetry, we investigated the feeding and spatial ecology of a live-bearing viperid snake, the western diamond-backed rattlesnakes (Crotalus atrox). Specifically, from 2001 to 2010, we determined the feeding frequency and home range size of adult females (n = 27) during the active season (March\u2013October) in a population from the Sonoran Desert of Arizona. We addressed a central hypothesis: Do hunting and feeding occur throughout pregnancy? Also, we tested a corollary hypothesis: Does pregnancy influence home range size? We documented hunting and feeding from March to October and during pregnancy (June to mid-September). Feeding frequency was significantly greater in late pregnancy, a result that is in sharp contrast to most other large-bodied vipers. Furthermore, home range sizes in gestating subjects did not differ from those in nonreproductive years. Births occurred from mid-August to mid-September and mean litter size was 3.4. Frequent feeding in C.\u2009atrox during gestation unquestionably provides energy and nutrients to the mother, which is likely important for survival, but such food consumption does not imply that nutrients are used by the fetuses. There is, however, recent evidence in other snakes, including a pitviper, that amino acids are transferred to fetuses. Feeding during pregnancy in C.\u2009atrox may be important for both income and capital mode reproduction. Hunting and feeding throughout gestation might be accomplished by having relatively small litters not burdened by a body cavity filled with fetuses. Reduction in litter size may thus be a life-history (fecundity) trade-off that permits females to survive and maintain pregnancy in regions where drought and high temperatures are often extreme and chronic.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":84025814,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1917149506","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1469-7998.2012.00969.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The continuous repetition of Christian de Duve's primary thesis in Genetics of Original Sin ensures that however little the reader understands or is interested in biology, he will have no doubt as to the author's primary concern: Natural selection has made humans poor prognosticators. As evolutionary adaptation is all about living (and reproducing) in the moment, humans have evolved some unfortunate traits and are headed toward a Very Bad End, unless drastic change is implemented. The reader is also certain to realize de Duve's good news, namely that humans alone can (and must) change their nature. The particulars here, however, are vague and underdeveloped as de Duve loses the clarity and insight he brought to the first three-quarters of the book. \n \nGenetics of Original Sin is divided into four parts. \"The History of Life on Earth\" provides proof of evolution; \"The Mechanisms of Life\" lays out the rudimentary biology needed to understand de Duve's main objectives, and in \"The Human Adventure,\" human evolution, in particular, is described. Finally, \"The Challenges of the Future\" includes the author's speculations and suggestions about ways to avert the coming apocalypse. \n \nThe book draws intriguing parallels to the Christian narrative of evil entering the world through original sin (here played by natural selection) and subsequent redemption (the role of redeemer now played by humankind). De Duve carries this comparison throughout the book and returns again to religion (including the major monotheistic and Eastern traditions) in the final section as a vehicle for changing human nature. The book is careful to distinguish between claims that can be proven by science (evolution) and those that cannot be refuted by science (the existence of God). This crucial distinction prevents de Duve from alienating religious readers. Such readers are important because a primary purpose of the book is to encourage religion as a means to carry the author's message of human responsibility to the Earth \u2014 namely, to reduce the population and curb our more destructive impulses. \n \nOverall, the book is a pleasure to read. While the author is certainly no Nathaniel Hawthorne, the prose is pleasantly poetic and the vocabulary extensive, indicative of a well-read individual. The science, as de Duve describes it, remains straightforward and simple, but the ideas he presents and parallels he draws are not, making the book a worthwhile read for biologists as well as politicians and religious leaders. Through the use of careful analogies and clear transitions, de Duve makes biology accessible to virtually any reader. In addition, Genetics of Original Sin often provides a historical context for scientific discovery, describing biological innovation as the work of individuals, thereby heightening the drama of science.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":56580071,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"191336849","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nonheme Fe(III)-hydroperoxo and Fe(III)-peroxo complexes with aminopyridyl-type ligands have been prepared and characterized by UV\/Vis, EPR, mass and Resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy. The Fe(III)(OOH) species are low-spin and exhibit a deep purple color due to the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) hand centered at ca. 550 nm. The RR spectra of the Fe(III)(OOH) complexes display two bands at ca. 620 and 800 cm-1 that are assigned to the respective Fe-O and O-O stretching modes on the basis of the characteristic H\/D and 16O\/18O frequency shifts. Upon deprotonation, Fe(III)(O2) species are obtained which possess a high-spin configuration of nearly axial symmetry and a LMCT transition in the near infrared (ca. 750 nm). The frequencies of the Fe-O and O-O stretching modes at ca. 465 and 820 cm-1, as well as their respective 16O\/18O shifts of -16 and -45 cm-1, indicate an ?2 coordination geometry for the Fe(III)(O2) complex.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":96322330,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2000054655","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/1099-0682(200007)2000:7<1627::AID-EJIC1627>3.0.CO;2-9","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study examines the social and political importance of printed magazines at a time of social and mobile media. It draws on a cross-cultural ethnographic research amongst two different political organisations in Britain and Spain. Although differing in political cultures and strategies, both organisations invest their few economic resources in the production of printed activist magazines, as well as in the development of web platforms. This study investigates why for these political groups' materiality matters. It argues that looking at why people \u2013 and especially grassroots political organisations \u2013 remain attached to material forms of communication, whilst at the same time developing online ones, can raise critical questions on the connection between subjectivity, political association and new technologies, as well as on the difference between individualised and collective forms of communication.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":146754573,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2170047071","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/1742766513479717","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Politicians, pundits, and Pentagon officials are singing the praises of a kinder, gentler American counterinsurgency. Some claim that counterinsurgency is so sophisticated and effective that it is the 'graduate level of war'. Private military contracting firms have jumped on the bandwagon, and many have begun employing anthropologists, political scientists, psychologists, and sociologists to help meet the Department of Defense's new demand. The $60 million Human Terrain System (HTS), an intelligence gathering program that embeds social scientists with combat brigades in Iraq and Afghanistan, dramatically illustrates the approach. But when the military, transnational corporations, and the human sciences become obsessed with controlling the 'human terrain' - the civilian populations of Iraq and Afghanistan - what are the consequences? In this timely pamphlet, Roberto J. Gonzalez offers a searing critique of HTS, showing how the history of anthropology can be used to illuminate the problems of turning 'culture' into a military tool.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":127383272,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1479379868","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"PART ONE: Mind-Body Integration 1: Physiologic Pathways of Mind-Body Medicine 2: Research on Mind-Body Effects 3: Psychoneuroimmunology and Conditioning of Immune Functioning 4: How Relationships and Life Events Affect Health: Human Studies PART TWO: Mind-Body Interventions 5: Relaxation Therapy 6: Meditation 7: Biofeedback 8: Hypnosis 9: Imagery PART THREE: Alternative Professionals 10: Chiropractic 11: Acupuncture 12: Homeopathy: Like Cures Like 13: Massage Therapy 14: Aromatherapy PART FOUR: Complementary Self-Help Strategies 15: Herbs as Medical Intervention 16: Exercise as an Alternative Therapy PART FIVE: Energetics and Spirituality 17: Spirituality and Healing 18: Therapeutic Touch: Healing with Energy 19: Reiki: An Ancient Therapy in Modern Times by Jeanette Plodek NEW! 20: Measurement of the Human Biofield by Beverly Rubik NEW! 21: The Future of Ethnomedicine by Stanley Krippner NEW! Appendix A: Answers to Multiple Choice and Matching Questions Appendix B: Organizations & Associations Appendix C: Internet Resources","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":2,"2013-48":3,"2015-06":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":70501269,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1512398909","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5860\/choice.46-5061","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Based on the lattice Boltzmann method and general theory of fluids flowing in porous media, a numerical model is presented for the diffusion-reaction-transport (DRT) processes in porous media. As a test, we simulate a DRT process in a two-dimensional horizontal heterogeneous porous medium. The influence of gravitation in this case can be neglected, and the DRT process can be described by a strongly heterogeneous diagnostic test strip or a thin confined piece of soil with stochastically distributing property in horizontal directions. The results obtained for the relations between reduced fluid saturation S, concentration c1, and concentration c2 are shown by using the visualization computing technique. The computational efficiency and stability of the model are satisfactory.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":120001624,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1976210456","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/0256-307X\/21\/7\/032","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This thesis examines the determinants inequality and its effects on macroeconomic outcomes, \nand in particular the economic effects of bankruptcy law. \nThe first two chapters are joint work with Jochen Mankart. In the first chapter, we examine \nthe effects of Chapter 7 of the US bankruptcy law on entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are \nsubject to production risk. They can borrow and if they fail they can default on their debt. \nWe examine the optimal wealth exemption level and the optimal credit market exclusion \nduration in this environment. \nIn the second chapter, we introduce secured credit, in addition to unsecured credit in a \nmodel that is similar to the one in the first chapter. Secured credit lowers the cost of a \ngenerous bankruptcy regime because agents who are rationed out of the unsecured credit \nmarket can still obtain secured credit. Therefore, the optimal exemption level is very high. \nIn the third chapter, I estimate stochastic process for earnings of Italian individuals. I find \nthat individual's earnings present statistically significant heterogeneity both in levels and in \ngrowth rates that is determined before the beginning of economic activity. \nIn the fourth chapter, I analyze the quantitative effects of introducing immediate debt \ndischarge (fresh start) in the procedures of personal bankruptcy law on the saving and default \ndecisions of Italian household. I find that introducing fresh start in the Italian bankruptcy \nlaw would worsen credit conditions, without almost any benefit in terms of better insurance. \nThe fifth chapter is joint work with Emanuele Tarantino and Nicolas Serrano-Velarde. In \nthis chapter we exploit the recent reform of bankruptcy law in Italy to analyze the effects \nof bankruptcy regulation on the cost of credit. We find that strengthening firms' rights to \nrenegotiate outstanding deals with creditors increased the costs of funding, while simplifying \nthe procedure of liquidation decreased the costs of funding. \nIn the sixth chapter, I show that credit market imperfections are not necessary to generate \nan individual poverty trap.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":153199131,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1497583377","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The chemical homeostasis of humans has changed due to global and local anthropogenic impacts on biogeochemical cycles. Their degree is mediated by natural geochemical character of local environments. The elemental composition of human hair and quantitative relation between elements is summary characteristic of biogeochemical environmental conditions. To determine the biogeochemical situation 78 inhabitants from different geographic regions across the Crimean peninsula, cities and rural areas were investigated through the analysis of 28 elements by neutron activation analysis and determination of mercury by atomic absorption spectroscopy. High variety of elemental composition in inhabitants' hair on different types of territories in the Crimean peninsula was revealed. Comparison with different territories of Russian Federation and Belarus shows both common and specific features. On most part of Russian and the Crimean territories a deficiency of essential elements (Zn, Cu) in human hair is characteristic. At the same time there are significant differences in content of some essential elements (Ca, Fe) and other ones (Th, Ce, Au, U, Ag, Cs) even in the limited Crimean territory. It requires further investigation of factors, which determine the revealed variability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":213014001,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3007548324","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1051\/e3sconf\/20199802001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051\/e3sconf\/20199802001","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: To assess the knowledge attitudes and practices of medical students regarding obesity. Study Design: An Observational Descriptive Study. Settings: A pre-validated questionnaire was distributed in a public sector medical college of Faisalabad-Pakistan. Duration: The study was conducted in May 2017 in 4 weeks after getting approval from ethical review committee. Methodology: An observational descriptive study was carried out among students of first and second year of M.B.B.S. Our sample size was 208. After explaining the purpose of this study and taking consent, a pre-validated questionnaire was distributed. Results: Most participants responded well to questions regarding causes and ill effects of obesity and two thirds identified the correct BMI range. Attitude of students was also positive except that 20% believed that obesity is inherited and can't be reduced. Only one third students preferred going for a walk daily. Conclusion: \u00a0Despite sound knowledge regarding obesity, students were not practicing a healthy lifestyle. There is a need to bridge the gap between their knowledge and personal habits.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":229081062,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3099817887","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.29054\/APMC\/2020.560","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The results of the muon-spin rotation experiments on BCS superconductors NbB2+x (x=0.2 and 0.34) are reported. Both samples, studied in the present work, exhibit rather broad transitions to the superconducting state, suggesting a distribution of the volume fractions with different transition temperatures (Tc's). By taking these distributions into account, the dependence of the inverse squared zero-temperature magnetic penetration depth (lambda 0 -2 ) on Tc was reconstructed for temperatures in the range 1.5 K 0 -2 was found to obey the power law dependence lambda 0 -2 [proportional]T c 3.1(1) which appears to be common for some families of BCS superconductors as, e.g., Al doped MgB2 and high-temperature cuprate superconductors as underdoped YBa2Cu3O7\u2212delta.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":35238230,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1989832366","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.77.064506","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"0712.2067"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"I grew up as the environmental movement did, in the 1960s and 1970s. In college at Yale, engineering professor Charlie Walker became my mentor and taught me that there are practical solutions for almost all environmental problems. This hopeful point of view inspired me to devote myself to the subject, first as an academic pursuit. As I neared graduation and was trying to decide on a path, Professor Walker handed me a book: Defending the Environment by Joseph Sax.1 That book was visionary in its description of private citizens' ability to protect and defend the environment through the legal system. It furthered my view that these problems could be solved and instilled in me the desire to study environmental law from Professor Sax at the University of Michigan. But I was not admitted to Michigan and instead spent my first year of law school at the University of Virginia, before again applying to Michigan as a transfer student. At the time, it was uncommon to transfer between law schools and usually required fairly serious exigent circumstances. To my mind, being able to study environmental law under Professor Sax was such a circumstance. Professor L. Hart Wright, University of Michigan's famous former tax professor, agreed, and I was off to Michigan, one of eight transfer students that year.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":159206543,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"752048450","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.36640\/mjeal.4.1.legacy","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/repository.law.umich.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1035&context=mjeal","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This chapter discusses the practice of mindfulness in organizations. In the first section we describe the growing interest in mindfulness training among organizations and discuss possible reasons for this development. We then review work on the definition and concept of mindfulness as they have been developed in psychology and organizational scholarship. In the second section, we discuss different forms of mindfulness practice in organizations, including Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) as the most prominent. The third section reviews empirical evidence on the effects of mindfulness on work-related outcomes and processes such as employee performance, employee wellbeing, leadership, and ethical decision making. We then discuss in more detail a recently developed self-administered mindfulness training program as it contains some unique and interesting features relevant to mindfulness intervention studies. In the fifth section, we present the results from qualitative interviews we conducted with participants of a corporate mindfulness training program. We conclude that the study and application of mindfulness in the workplace offers many promising directions; however, much more research is needed to create a basis of evidence for successful mindfulness training programs. Furthermore, a deeper understanding of the (intended and unintended) consequences, mediating mechanisms, moderating factors, and boundary conditions of mindfulness would benefit organizational scholarship.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":17584219,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Within the service-oriented computing domain, Web service composition is an effective realization to satisfy the rapidly changing requirements of business. Although the research into Web service composition has unfolded broadly, little work has been published towards composition effort estimation. Since examining all of the related work in this area becomes a mission next to impossible, the classification of composition approaches can be used to facilitate multiple research tasks. However, the current attempts to classify Web service composition are not suitable for the research into effort estimation. For example, the contexts and technologies of composition approaches are confused in the existing classifications. This paper firstly proposes an effort-oriented classification matrix for Web service composition, which distinguishes between the context and technology dimension. The context dimension is aimed at analyzing the environmental influence on the effort of Web service composition, while the technology dimension focuses on the technical influence on the effort. Therefore, different context types and technology categories can be treated as different effort factors. Based on the classification matrix, this paper also builds an effortestimation-checklist table by applying a set of qualitative effort estimation hypotheses to those effort factors. The table can then be used to facilitate comparing the qualitatively estimated effort between different composition approaches.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":249238810,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper presents general approaches to solving the problems associated with the radioecological safety of radioactive waste (RAW) storages. It considers the influence of climatic factors on the possible release of radionuclides into the environment. The authors have made as follows: analysis of the significance of main scenarios for radionuclide release into the environment and the natural and climatic conditions of the existing areas of near-surface RAW storages in the Russian Federation; conditional zoning of the Russian Federation according to the balance of atmospheric precipitation. The zoning of RAW storage locations is of importance for choosing the likely scenarios of radionuclide migrations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":43804431,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: The dual burden of undernutrition and overnutrition has received attention around the world, especially in the Philippines, where malnutrition is an issue that the country is continuously facing. Malnutrition have been prevalent and alarming concerns among the Filipino elderly through the years. Several studies support the claim that the prevalence of malnutrition is associated with factors, such as socioeconomic status, biochemical, clinical, dietary intake, and food security. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with the nutritional status of the Filipino elderly. \nMaterials and Methods: The study utilized the 2013 National Nutrition Survey. Data of the 1,807 sampled Filipino elderly who had no physical defects were considered. The Rao-Scott test and a multiple correspondence analysis were conducted to assess the association of the nutritional status of the Filipino elderly with the socio-demographics, health\/clinical conditions, and nutrient intake factors. \nResults: Majority (54.97%) of the Filipino elderly had a normal nutritional status. However, both the prevalence of underweight and overweight are still alarming with a 20.19% and 24.83% rate, respectively. The socio-demographic characteristics found that are associated with the nutritional status of the Filipino elderly include age, sex, occupation, and education. Health conditions and behavioral risk factors such as smoking and drinking alcohol beverages were also found to have significant association with the elderly's nutritional status. Lastly, a significant association between the nutritional status and the intake of nutrients such as iron, Vitamin A, niacin, and thiamine was observed. \nConclusion: With both underweight and overweight\/obesity still rampant among the Filipino elderly, their lifestyle and food intake should be given much attention. Further studies about the nutritional status of the Filipino elderly should be conducted to have a sufficient basis on how society can help the elderly maintain and improve their nutritional conditions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":231659608,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.32552\/2020.actamedica.411","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32552\/2020.actamedica.411","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Six collected phenidates, i.e., 4-methylmethylphenidate, 3,4-dichloromethylphenidate, ethylphenidate, 3,4-dichloroethylphenidate, ethylnaphthidate, and N-benzyl-ethylphenidate were fully characterized by means of X-ray, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS\/MS), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) and GC solid-state IR analysis. Crystallography revealed the exclusive presence of the threo-configuration. Steric crowding induced by N-benzyl substitution at the piperidine moiety prompted an adoption of an unexpected axial positioning of substituents on the piperidine moiety in the crystal state as opposed to the exclusive equatorial positioning encountered in N-unsubstituted phenidate analogues. Gas phase computations of the relative lowest energy conformers confirm that the axial positioning appears to be favoured over the equatorial positioning; in solution, however, equatorial positioning is predominant according to nuclear Overhauser effect experiments. All samples, mainly originating from China, had a good to very good degree of purity indicative of their professional chemical synthesis. Routine analysis of these drugs by GC-MS revealed thermal decomposition of phenidate analogues in the injection port and\/or on column to 2-aryl-ethyl-acetates and 2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridines. The decomposition pathway was suggested to proceed via a 6-membered transition state which was supported by density functional theory (DFT) computations. Fragmentation pathways of decomposition products as well as the corresponding electron ionization (EI) mass spectra are provided. The thermal instability might thus render smoking or 'vaping' of these drugs a less effective route of administration. The analytical fingerprints of six structurally diverse phenidate analogues provide a helpful reference to forensic chemists in charge of identifying new psychoactive substances. Copyright \u00a9 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":5093218,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2570906517","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/dta.2161","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/5244\/5\/Supporting%20Information.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Massive O- and B-type stars are \"cosmic engines\" in the Universe and can be the dominant source of luminosity in a galaxy. Be stars are rapidly rotating B-type stars that lose mass in an equatorial, circumstellar disk (Porter & Rivinius 2003) and cause Balmer and other line emission. Currently, we are unsure as to why these stars rotate so quickly but three scenarios are possible: they may have been born as rapid rotators, spun up by binary mass transfer, or spun up during the main-sequence evolution of B stars. In order to investigate these scenarios for this population of massive stars, we have been spectroscopically observing a set of 115 field Be stars with the Kitt Peak Coud\u00e8 Feed telescope in both the H\u03b1 and H\u03b3 wavelength regimes since 2004. This time baseline allows for examination of variability properties of the circumstellar disks as well as determine candidates for closer examination for binarity. We find that 90% of the observed stars show some variability with only 4% showing significant variability over the 4-year baseline. Such values may be compared with the significant variability seen in some clusters such as NGC 3766 (McSwain 2008). Also, while 20% of the sample consists of known binaries, we find that another 15-30% of the sample shows indications of binarity. This work has been supported in part by a grant from the Vanderbilt University Learning Sciences Institute, NASA grant # NNX08AV70G, and NSF Career grant AST-0349075.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":127246218,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2917118182","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S1743921310003157","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Globalization has significant implications for the professions, with the societies and the regulators around them changing and the realities of professional work in large organizations taking on increasingly transnational dimensions. However, while there is no lack of empirical studies of the globalization of individual professions and firms, the implications of processes of globalization, reregulation and governmental rescaling for neo-Weberian sociologies of the professions has not received the same attention. This article seeks to rectify this gap in knowledge by developing a transnational neo-Weberian sociology of the professions that takes account of the rescaling of the world that the professions inhabit and the important new research questions generated about the multi-scalar influences on the forms of regulation, power and legitimacy that underlie professional projects.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-20":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":53653365,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2067896671","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0268580911423059","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Henry Keizer is the global head of audit for KPMG International and U.S. vice chair of audit for KPMG LLP. He also is a member of the AICPA board of directors. He spoke with JofA Publisher and Editor-in-Chief Joanne Fiore following the AICPA's board of directors meeting in August and in a follow-up e-mail interview. The following are excerpts from those conversations: JofA: What were the top challenges you faced this past year and how did you meet them? [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Keizer: Most of the top challenges I've faced fall under the umbrella of the economic crisis. To begin, the truly amazing speed of the deterioration of the economy and major corporations was a challenge for everyone. With markets evolving quarter to quarter, this often led to reassessments of and modifications to valuation approaches based on the new facts and circumstances, or on guidance from FASB and the SEC. Another significant challenge was determining reasonable and informed judgments given the circumstances, and developing an understanding of the factors and market characteristics that were impacting asset valuations. These--and other factors---result ed in more expansive discussions among auditors and our clients ... and I can tell you we've been working very closely with all parties involved in the auditing process--management, audit committees, outside constituencies and regulators--to really review and evaluate these complex issues, some of which had little or no precedent. We've had to work through some thorny questions, like how do you value complex securities in an illiquid market? How do you ensure the right judgments are being made when markets are behaving in ways seldom seen before? As we looked at those challenges, we also needed to study the changing risk profile of our clients. How would we evolve our audits to respond to the economic crisis that was being presented? It required us to move information through our network of member firms at a far greater pace than we had ever done before. JofA: You mentioned information dissemination in response to the economic crisis. Did you set up new systems or have new approaches? Keizer: We use a variety of different means to cascade information through KPMG's member firms. For example, we set up weekly global conference calls in our financial services line of business to allow individuals to hear about the issues that were affecting engagement teams and clients and what the response was to those issues. We also set up mechanisms for teams to escalate issues within their country leadership, so the appropriate resources from a national level could be brought in to assist engagement teams, arrive at appropriate conclusions and analyze the information, making sure the most current knowledge was brought to bear. We also took a look at the use of specialist resources on engagement teams, particularly in the valuation area. We also encouraged more proactive dialogue among our clients, engagement teams and specialist resources to enhance our overall understanding of circumstances impacting the financial markets, and the performance of specific instruments within such markets. JofA: What's been the most difficult aspect of the financial crisis? Keizer: I think the most difficult aspect for auditors was dealing with rapidly changing financial markets and assessing the commensurate impact on asset valuations. \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":152581646,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"322631168","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract : In one of his many best selling novels, Debt of Honor, Tom Clancy lays out a very frightening scenario. He describes how a brilliant but disgruntled Wall Street computer programmer, covertly financed by a wealthy group of foreign adversaries bent on toppling the United States, secretly implants a sophisticated computer virus that grossly distorts financial closing information on the New York Stock Exchange and helps to trigger panic buying on the stock market. In the novel, this malicious attack on the foundation of the American financial system was done without warning, was performed at little cost, and was carried out by a small group of adversaries who were, at least initially, anonymous players. Information age technologies have profoundly altered American society. Information itself has become a strategic national asset and the maintenance and protection of our information systems has become a vital national interest of the United States. Our dependence upon information technologies and the global connectivity of today's information systems result in a new strategic threat aimed at those information systems that control key aspects of our military, economic, and political power. Yet, our National Security Strategy fails to adequately address this emerging threat to this vital national interest and our way of life. Our nation must develop a comprehensive National Security Strategy to assure the security and integrity of our information systems. This strategy must outline the ends, ways, and means required to guarantee Information Assurance in the Information Age.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":150963630,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"206490086","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21236\/ada326942","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Proceedings: AACR 102nd Annual Meeting 2011\u2010\u2010 Apr 2\u20106, 2011; Orlando, FL\n\nGenetic susceptibility to two-stage skin carcinogenesis is known to vary significantly among different stocks and strains of mice. In an effort to identify specific protein changes or altered signaling pathways associated with tumor promotion susceptibility by the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), a proteomic approach of two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry was used. In these experiments, we examined epidermal protein lysates and identified proteins that were differentially expressed in epidermis between promotion-sensitive DBA\/2 and promotion-resistant C57BL\/6 mice following TPA treatment. Among 19 differentially expressed proteins identified using this methodology were two calcium-binding proteins, S100A8 and S100A9. Their differential expression was further examined and validated by one or more of the following methods: i) one-dimensional (1-D) Western blot analysis; ii) 2-D Western blot analysis; iii) immunohistochemical analysis; and iv) quantitative real-time PCR. Further analyses revealed that S100A8 and S100A9 protein levels were also similarly differentially up-regulated in epidermis of DBA\/2 vs C57BL\/6 mice following topical treatment with two other tumor promoters, okadaic acid and chrysarobin. Pathway analysis of all 19 identified proteins from the present study suggested that S100A8\/A9 could be linked to several inflammatory networks. Further analyses revealed significantly increased expression of several inflammation-related genes including TNF-\u03b1, NF\u03baB and IL-22 in epidermis of TPA-treated DBA\/2 mice. Follow-up studies confirmed that these three inflammation related genes were upregulated in epidermis of TPA-treated DBA\/2 mice compared to similarly treated C57BL\/6 mice. These data suggest that differential expression of inflammation related genes in epidermis contributes to TPA-induced inflammation and skin tumor promotion susceptibility in DBA\/2 mice. Taken together, our present data provide further insight into potential molecular mechanisms for the differential susceptibility of DBA\/2 and C57BL\/6 mice in terms of both inflammation and skin tumor promotion.\n\nCitation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2729. doi:10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2011-2729","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":84473856,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2044287194","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1158\/1538-7445.AM2011-2729","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Job involvement is the psychological identification with one's work and the degree to which the job situation is essential to the worker and his identity. Job involvement is influenced by both individual dispositions and organisational factors and it plays an important role in facilitating effective management. This study is the first to examine the nature of job involvement in the Mauritian banking sector. \n \nThe research objective of the study is twofold: firstly, to examine the nature of job involvement of Mauritian bank managers, and secondly, to determine the impact of personal variables (including personal demographic and personal psychological variables), situational variables (also referred to as organisational health variables), and job satisfaction on the job involvement of bank managers in Mauritius. \n \nA survey questionnaire was administered to a sample of bank managers randomly selected from twenty five banks in Mauritius. Overall, the results in relation to the nature of the respondents' job involvement pointed to the trend that bank managers did not seem to be highly involved in their jobs. This may be viewed with some concern in the face of the numerous challenges in the banking sector in Mauritius. Furthermore, no significant relationships were found between the independent and dependent variables studied. \n \nThe findings from this study lay a valuable foundation for future studies on job involvement in the banking sector in Mauritius and the findings reaffirm some knowledge which is already known, illustrate differences from existing knowledge and bring new insights into measuring the concept of job involvement. It is hoped that the results of this study contribute to a better understanding of job involvement within the Mauritian banking sector and will assist bank managers to design appropriate intervention strategies by taking into account the relevant demographic variables of bank managers as well as organisational factors to improve the overall efficiency in banks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":142718986,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1597876645","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Author(s): Hunter, Mary M | Advisor(s): Wallhagen, Margaret | Abstract: Using menopausal hormone therapy (HT) for more than five years puts women at increased risk for breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), gallbladder disease, incontinence, and dementia. For this reason, HT is not recommended beyond this therapeutic window, except in rare circumstances. Nevertheless, data on filled prescriptions indicate that over a third of HT prescriptions are written for women over age 60. These alarming facts raised the research questions: \"What factors influence older women to use HT beyond the menopause transition?\" and \"How do older women weigh the risks and benefits of HT?\"Conventional grounded theory methods were used to interview 30 long-term users of systemic HT, code transcripts, and analyze data. Results showed that long-term users perceived that HT gave them control of numerous symptoms they attributed to menopause, enabled them to maintain attributes associated with youth and femininity, and helped them avoid diseases associated with aging, such as dementia and CVD. Risk was rarely mentioned in interviews; it was generally disregarded; and most participants did not know that age and length of HT use increase the risk of breast cancer. Users were observed to be the primary drivers of long-term HT, although gynecology specialty providers played a major role by giving reassurance about risk and continuing to prescribe HT.Arguing that the science behind the quantification of HT risk is faulty, some hormone manufacturers promote HT for long-term use. This promotion is largely directed at gynecology specialists through strategies such as ghostwriting, and, as a consequence, many of them remain skeptical of prescribing guidelines that recommend limiting duration of use. Key concepts from the literature on decision making that help explain disregard of risk information were identified.Study findings are applicable to any clinical encounter that involves weighing benefit and risk. Recommendations to providers: Learn to distinguish science from marketing. Help patients understand that positive feelings about treatment may be based on unrealistic expectations for efficacy and underestimation of risk. Discuss judgment biases and cite base rates when providing risk statistics in clinical encounters. Such interventions could potentially strengthen joint decision making and improve patient outcomes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":195397168,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2949014452","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"China has demonstrated world leading wind energy development in the last five years which can be attributed to the fusion between its design and manufacturing strength in indigenous wind turbine industry and newly emerging wind energy industry in absorption of global best practices. An empirical analysis of China's wind energy development trajectory over the last decade focusing on the technology sourcing from foreign firms in support of domestic players for accelerating functionality development through enhanced knowledge identification, absorption, assimilation and acclimatization was attempted. Important lessons learned include (i) importance of supply chain in the technology diffusion, (ii) effective technology acquisition and assimilation through early domestic firm engagement, (iii) effect of relevant domestic firms involvement in technology transfer partnership to induce inter-industry spillovers, and (iv) a framework for an emerging nation to develop new functionalities. Similarity and disparity with similar success of fusion in solar industry (JTMGE 3, 2) were also identified.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":212695377,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3008932894","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15415\/jtmge.2014.52006","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15415\/jtmge.2014.52006","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Question-driven summarization has been recently studied as an effective approach to summarizing the source document to produce concise but informative answers for non-factoid questions. In this work, we propose a novel question-driven abstractive summarization method, Multi-hop Selective Generator (MSG), to incorporate multi-hop reasoning into question-driven summarization and, meanwhile, provide justifications for the generated summaries. Specifically, we jointly model the relevance to the question and the interrelation among different sentences via a human-like multi-hop inference module, which captures important sentences for justifying the summarized answer. A gated selective pointer generator network with a multi-view coverage mechanism is designed to integrate diverse information from different perspectives. Experimental results show that the proposed method consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods on two non-factoid QA datasets, namely WikiHow and PubMedQA.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":222209136,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3101771976","ACL":"2020.emnlp-main.547","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.547","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2010.03738"},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.aclweb.org\/anthology\/2020.emnlp-main.547.pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Coastal uses have deeply evolved these last decades and high anthropogenic pressures on coastal ecosystems have affected the sustainability of these areas with respect to the services and the resources they may provide. Traditional fisheries management has failed to avoid overexploitation of most coastal marine resources. Management measures based on an Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) are thus required. Spatial management covers various ranges of properties that may enhance usual regulatory means. If spatial considerations are explicitly integrated in fisheries management, the latter may contribute to zoning design in order to balance the economic, social and biological values of natural marine resources. While traditional fisheries management approaches protect resource based on population numbers, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) protect ecosystem in space. Besides their ecological effects on fish assemblages within its boundaries, MPAs can enhance adjacent artisanal fisheries. MPAs can thus ensure the sustainability of fisheries and at the same time maintain non-fisheries benefits of marine ecosystems to society.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":126628112,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"122446101","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Howard D. Weinbrot challenges the view that the period 1660-1800 is correctly regarded as the \"Augustan\" age of English literature, a time in which classical Augustan ideals provided a main source of inspiration. Scholars have held that British writers of the Restoration and eighteenth century considered Augustus Caesar to be the model of the wise ruler who enabled political, literary, and moral wisdom to flourish. This book shows on the contrary that classical standards, though often invoked, were often rejected by many informed citizens and writers of the day.Anti-Augustan sentiment consolidated by the 1730s, when both Whig and Tory, court and country, viewed Augustus as the enemy of the mixed and balanced constitution that was responsible for British liberty. Professor Weinbrot focuses in particular on literature and its classical backgrounds, reinterpreting major works by Pope and Gibbon.Originally published in 1978.The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These paperback editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":155284635,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2317032646","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1515\/9781400871704","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A speaker-dependent word recognition system has been modified to improve the performance in noise. Problems with word detection and noise compensation have been addressed by using a close-talk microphone and a \"noise addition\" method. The reference templates are recorded in relative silence. The additional environmental noise during the recognition phase is measured and is \"added\" to the reference templates before using them for template matching. The recognition performance has been tested in moving cars with references recorded in parked cars. Recordings of six male speakers have been used in this report to rest the sensitivity of the recognition system to some essential parameters. The results from six male speakers and a twenty word vocabulary show that adapting the endpoint detection threshold to the noise level is essential for good performance and that noise compensation is imponant at signal-to-noise ratios below 15 dB.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":106626864,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"574509063","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"CONTEXT\nLower systolic blood pressure (SBP) and lower rates of coronary heart disease among premenopausal women compared with similarly aged men and postmenopausal women suggest that female sex hormones may confer cardiovascular protection. 2-Hydroxyestradiol, a product of 17beta-estradiol oxidative metabolism, inhibits the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. The other major product of 17beta-estradiol oxidative metabolism, 16alpha-hydroxyestradiol, does not demonstrate similar inhibitory effects. Concentrations of 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE) and 16alpha-hydroxyestrone (16-OHE) in urine reflect the relative activity of the 2- and 16alpha-hydroxylation pathways of 17beta-estradiol.\n\n\nOBJECTIVE\nThe objective of this study was to determine the relationship between SBP and the ratio of 2-OHE to 16-OHE in urine.\n\n\nDESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS\nThis was a cross-sectional study of 80 postmenopausal women living in Cook County, Illinois.\n\n\nSETTING\nThis study was performed in an academic clinical laboratory.\n\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURE\nThe main outcome measure was SBP.\n\n\nRESULTS\nWomen taking hormone replacement therapy had higher levels of urinary 2-OHE and 16-OHE, but their mean 2:16-OHE ratio and SBP did not differ from that of women not taking hormone replacement therapy. In a multivariate regression model that controlled for age, body mass index, race\/ethnicity, and antihypertensive medication use, a sd increase in the 2:16-OHE ratio was associated with a 6.7-mm Hg decrease (P < 0.05) in SBP.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThe ratio of urinary 2-OHE to 16-OHE is a significant predictor of SBP among postmenopausal women and may reflect the effects of 2-hydroxyestradiol, a potent inhibitor of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":25346404,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2101921392","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1210\/JC.2005-2339","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective To evaluate accident and emergency (A&E) room activity at a Role 3 Multinational Integrated Medical Unit (R3 MIMU) facility in Bosnia- Herzegovina. Methods Retrospective analysis of all patients attending the A&E room from 1st October 1999 \u2013 30th September 2002. Results 1864 casualties are included in the analysis. 52.1% of casualties were Bosnian, 43.8% were military. Mean age of casualties was 35.5 years (SD 18.3), range 1 \u2013 88 years. Traumatic injury was the leading cause of presentation (58.1%). Following treatment 66.7% of all cases were discharged or returned to unit, with 19.8% admitted to a ward area. During the 3 year period there was a 5 fold increase in the number of Bosnian nationals treated, this included 80 children (<13 years). Conclusion There has been a dramatic increase in A&E use during the period evaluated, particularly by the local population. The increasing number of locals treated, both adult and child, has the potential to undermine the R3 MIMU mission and increase dependency within the Bosnian population. A balance is needed to ensure the staff and functions of a hospital are maintained whilst preserving the capability to deal with an influx of military casualties.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":25186632,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1967330133","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/jramc-150-01-04","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/jramc.bmj.com\/content\/jramc\/150\/1\/20.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"1 The extracellular fluid volume (ECFV), as raffinose space, and its content of Na, K and Ca were measured in anaesthetized dogs in acute experiments before and during the vascular response to intravenous injections and infusions of noradrenaline, adrenaline, isoprenaline and angiotensin. 2 In male dogs the effect of noradrenaline was unpredictable, the ECFV might increase or decrease. In female dogs noradrenaline caused an increase in the ECFV. The difference between the responses of the two sexes was statistically significant (P<0.001). After phentolamine, noradrenaline exerted no effect at all in either sex. After bretylium the results were like those in normal animals. 3 In both males and females adrenaline generally induced an increase in the ECFV. After phentolamine, adrenaline decreased the ECFV in males and caused little change in females. The differences before and after blockade were statistically significant (P<0.001). After bretylium the results in both sexes were like those in normal animals. 4 In both male and female dogs isoprenaline induced an increase in the ECFV and the results were the same as in the normal animals after both phentolamine and bretylium. 5 In male dogs there was no change in the ECFV as a result of administering angiotensin, either alone or in the presence of phentolamine or bretylium. In normal females angiotensin induced a decrease in ECFV and the difference between the responses of the males and females was statistically significant (P<0.005). In females which had received either phentolamine or bretylium the results were indistinguishable from those in the males. 6 Blockade of the \u03b2\u2010adrenoceptors with pronethalol in a few animals did not change the response to the drugs from those seen in normal animals. 7 The cation content of the ECF changed in the same direction and to about the same extent as the water, except after noradrenaline when in some experiments the proportionate change in potassium concentration was considerably greater than that of the other substances. 8 The inulin space and its Na and K content were measured in several dioestrous, oestrous and pro\u2010oestrous rats and in normal and stilboestrol treated males before and after giving an intravenous injection of angiotensin. There was little difference between the results of control injections of 0.9% saline solution and of angiotensin in dioestrous and oestrous females and normal males. On the other hand, pro\u2010oestrous females and stilboestrol treated males responded alike to angiotensin in the form of a decrease in ECFV which was statistically different from the responses in the other three groups (P<0.0005). 9 It is suggested that the various results depend on two factors: the site of action of the drug\u2014for example, whether it increases or decreases capillary pressure and therefore, fluid transfer\u2014and also the sex of the animal. The ground substance of the small blood vessels is probably important in taking up and releasing fluid, and its capacity for so doing may well vary with the amount of available oestrogen. It appears that the effect of oestrogens and events at the \u03b1\u2010adrenoceptor site are connected in some way.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":97140607,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2143847706","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1971.tb08031.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc1703268?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Embolized intracardiac foreign bodies have been previously described in the literature. Those related to iatrogenic procedures, such as catheters and pacemaker electrodes, are the most common. However, traumatic embolization of a metal foreign body is scantily described. We report a case of a peripheral venous embolized intracardiac metal foreign body after traumatic elbow injury. A review of the literature is therefore performed. Intracardiac foreign body removal must be considered when its diameter exceeds 5 mm, its shape is irregular or when symptomatic.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":207431830,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1964785740","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1510\/icvts.2009.213579","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1510\/icvts.2009.213579","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A mathematical model is a tool used to obtain information about the behavior of a system. The mathematical models can be used to have a preliminary knowledge about the functioning of a system, reducing the product costs and improving the performance. In this study, the modified models of several existing models, Gompertz, Orskov, Logistic and Monomolecular were developed that basically divided gas production into two fractions, one arising from rapidly fermentable feed components and the other from slowly fermentable feed components. The aim of this study is related to how originally used models are converted into two fractions mentioned above. For this purpose, all steps of the transformations were given step by step.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":212528596,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"During the design of embedded systems, many design decisions have to be made to trade off between conflicting objectives such as cost, performance, and power. Approximate computing allows to optimize each objective, yet for the sake of accuracy. This means that a functional flaw is allowed to produce an error as long as this is small enough to maintain a feasible operation of the system or guarantee a certain accuracy of the results. In this paper, we propose a new technique for approximate addition optimized for LUT-Based FPGAs with segmented carry chains. Our optimized adder structure is able to a) best exploit artifacts of LUT-Based FPGAs such as unused inputs and b) provide a smaller average error than previously proposed approximate adder structures, as well as c) a reduced critical path delay than dedicated accurate logic in modern FPGAs. We present a novel stochastic error calculus that is able to take into account also non-uniform input distributions and present a detailed comparison of approximate adder structures proposed in literature with our novel LUT-Based approximate arithmetic structure.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":6526793,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2614327678","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/FPT.2016.7929536","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":": An interesting and rare case of an isolated arteriosclerotic aneurysm of the profunda femoris artery is reported. Other etiologies and the surgical treatment are discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":77027384,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2414168687","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Group signature schemes allow a group member to sign messages on behalf of the group. Such signatures must be anonymous and unlinkable but, whenever needed, a designated group manager can reveal the identity of the signer. During the last decade group signatures have been playing an important role in cryptographic research; many solutions have been proposed and some of them are quite efficient, with constant size of signatures and keys ([1], [6], [7] and [15]). However, some problems still remain among which the large number of computations during the signature protocol and the difficulty to achieve coalition-resistance and to deal with member revocation. In this paper we investigate the use of a tamper-resistant device (typically a smart card) to efficiently solve those problems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":16973076,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1847262859","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Global Environment 10 (2012): 16\u201341 The central theme of this article is the mirage of growth that spread in Latin American countries under the influence of the United States, during and after World War II, that is, the persuasion that well-being could be achieved through growth, that building and making everything bigger would grant the people of these countries a lifestyle similar to that of the United States. Contrary to this belief, the author argues that what has grown is not the projected well-being of the people, but poverty, exclusion, external debt and ecological damage. The author's investigation of the subject begins from the long shadows cast by WWII on the environment. This historical period not only had significant material consequences on world landscapes, but also had a symbolic impact, at least in Latin America, through the rise of the ideal of Big Science, which actually aggravated the material environmental impacts. The article concludes with a reflection on the need for a paradigm shift towards ways of achieving development without relying exclusively on growth. Environmental studies could point out ways to defuse or possibly even eradicate the enchantment of growth.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":157001396,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2471605491","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3197\/GE.2012.051003","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, the stability characteristics of the original Ekofisk rotor are examined and how the stability could have been greatly improved through the use of squeeze film dampers or four pad LBP ( Load Between Pad) bearings. The emphasis of the study is directed towards the bearings and how they effect the rotor stability. The previous papers written on Ekofisk have mainly concentrated on the evaluation and improvement of the seals in order to increase rotor stability. The renewed interest in the Ekofisk project was made possible from the extensive paper recently presented by C. Hunter Cloud, Brian Pettinato and John Kocur on Predicting, Understanding and Avoiding the EKOFISK Rotor Instability 40 Years Later (9). This paper presented extensive details on the rotor designs and the bearings used in the various compressor configurations. The original Ekofisk LOP (Load On Pad) 5 pad bearing design had a narrow aspect ratio of L\/D of 0.284 This represents a bearing design with an aspect ratio that was less then what was installed in the unstable failed Kaybob compressor (12,21). In the early 1970s, several compressor manufacturers were encouraged to switch to a load between pad bearing design (LBP). This concept was rejected for the following reasons. First, with the load on pad bearing design, the vibration probes mounted in the bearing caps would register a lower vibration level than would be with a load between pad bearing design. The primary reason stated, however, was that the reduced bearing vertical stiffness values would place the second critical speed in the operating speed range. This then would be in direct conflict with the 1969 API Code 612 initiated to protect petrochemical rotors from high vibrations. A secondary consideration for the 5 pad LOP design was the incorrect assumption that bearing asymmetry would improve rotor stability (14,15,18). In general, it was determined that the 4 pad LBP bearing design is superior to the 5 pad LOP design for stability. Also, squeeze film dampers for multi-stage compressors are only required to compensate for the poor stability characteristics of the 5 pad LOP design. Dyrobes Rotordynamics Software https:\/\/dyrobes.com","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":226975038,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: Children organize their conceptual knowledge in different ways such as thematic and taxonomic organization. When concepts are linked by cross-categorical relations, they are said to be thematically related. This study attempts to investigate the development of different types of thematic relations such as spatial-temporalfunctional relations and causal relations in Kannada speaking typical children. Method: A total of 216 typically developing children between age group of 2-4 years speaking Kannada were selected for the study. Match to sample task using picture stimuli were administered to assess spatial-temporalfunctional relations and causal types of thematic relations. The match to sample task included one standard and four choice responses, one of which was a thematic match (either spatial and\/or temporal and\/or functionally related match or a causal match depending on the test carried out) to the test stimuli. Responses of the children were analyzed using a four point rating scale. Results: Results revealed that appreciation of spatial-temporal-functional and causal types of thematic relations emerges in children as young as 2 years of age and broadens with increase in age to 3-4 years. Gender effect was not significant in both these tasks. There was no significant difference found in the performance of children between test for spatial-temporal-functional relations and test for causal relations. Conclusion: The results of present study demonstrate that thematic relations in specific spatial-temporalfunctional relations and causal relations show a similar pattern of developmental trend in preschool children of 2-4 years of age. In addition they are found to be one of the important types of organizational strategies used by 2-4 years children to conceptual world knowledge and thus play a key role in language acquisition.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":7}},"corpusid":58932449,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2327495705","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4172\/2375-4427.1000154","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Chern insulator ferromagnets are characterized by a quantized anomalous Hall effect, and have so far been identified experimentally in magnetically-doped topological insulator (MTI) thin films and in bilayer graphene moir{e} superlattices. We classify Chern insulator ferromagnets as either spin or orbital, depending on whether the orbital magnetization results from spontaneous spin-polarization combined with spin-orbit interactions, as in the MTI case, or directly from spontaneous orbital currents, as in the moir{e} superlattice case. We argue that in a given magnetic state, characterized for example by the sign of the anomalous Hall effect, the magnetization of an orbital Chern insulator will often have opposite signs for weak $n$ and weak $p$ electrostatic or chemical doping. This property enables pure electrical switching of a magnetic state in the presence of a fixed magnetic field.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":210718405,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2998946114","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2001.05084"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Title: Analysis and level of use of e-learning in Poland.\nThe article is the result of the authors' empirical research on the Assesment of use of LMS (Learning Management System) and LCMS (Learning Content Management System), supporting management in different types of organizations. The key aim of research was to establish the factual functioning state of e-learning in bussiness and academic environments. Presented in the article are the methodology and research results conducted in polish companies and higher education facilities in 2013-2014.\nResearch Methodology\nA questionnaire was used during research containing 10 questions enabling gathering of numerical data. Also an anonymous informative questionnaire was conducted via internet. The research was directed towards workers of polish companies and higher level educational representatives, which had previously been engaged in e-learning using LMS and\/or LCMS systems.\nThe factual state of e-learning level of functioning was researched in polish companies from October 2012 to April 2014. 300 organizations were surveyed yeilding a number of 232 answers.\nThe companies were clasified according to two sectors:\nS1 - small and medium sized companies\nS2 - education (including institutions linked with education and training)\nThe research was aimed at people, who had direct influence on e-learning in their companies, and were the decision makers in that field. The research emphasised two key groups of respondents:\no managers responsible for making decisions in inplementing e-learning; i.e. training managers, HR and knowledge management;\no specialists in the field of e-learning in a given school or higher level graduation school","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":257194251,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.12753\/2066-026x-15-187","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: To test the specificity for demyelination of a new neuroimaging sign: contrast enhancement shaped as an open ring or a crescent circumscribed to the white matter. Background: Brain demyelination can cause ring enhancement mimicking neoplasm or infection on CT or MRI. Methods: A MEDLINE search of pathology-proved demyelination yielded 32 illustrated cases of ring-enhancing lesions published between 1981 and 1995. Controls consisted of the same number of published images of neoplasms and infections, pathology proved, and matched by year of publication, and age and gender of the patient. Two neuroradiologists read the images twice independently 1 year apart. Results: Interrater agreement was good (\u03ba = 0.64 and 0.66 for either reading). Test-retest reliability was high (\u03ba = 0.75 and 0.74 for either rater). The open-ring sign clearly distinguished demyelinating lesions from neoplasms and infections. For demyelination versus neoplasm or infection, the specificity of the reading by the first neuroradiologist was 93.8 (95% CI, 86 to 98), and that of the second was 84.4 (95% CI, 74 to 92). The likelihood ratio of demyelination versus neoplasm averaged 5.2, and versus infection, 17.2. That is, if the lesions had the same incidence in the population, in the presence of an open-ring sign demyelination would be five times more likely than neoplasm and 17 times more likely than infection. However, given the much higher incidence of neoplasms and infections, these lesions are still frequently responsible for open-ring enhancement. Conclusions: The open-ring sign is often present in large, contrast-enhancing demyelinating lesions and helps to differentiate them from neoplasms and infections.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":24032198,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2166800707","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.54.7.1427","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Defect prediction models\u2014classifiers that identify defect-prone software modules\u2014have configurable parameters that control their characteristics (e.g., the number of trees in a random forest). Recent studies show that these classifiers underperform when default settings are used. In this paper, we study the impact of automated parameter optimization on defect prediction models. Through a case study of 18 datasets, we find that automated parameter optimization: (1) improves AUC performance by up to 40 percentage points; (2) yields classifiers that are at least as stable as those trained using default settings; (3) substantially shifts the importance ranking of variables, with as few as 28 percent of the top-ranked variables in optimized classifiers also being top-ranked in non-optimized classifiers; (4) yields optimized settings for 17 of the 20 most sensitive parameters that transfer among datasets without a statistically significant drop in performance; and (5) adds less than 30 minutes of additional computation to 12 of the 26 studied classification techniques. While widely-used classification techniques like random forest and support vector machines are not optimization-sensitive, traditionally overlooked techniques like C5.0 and neural networks can actually outperform widely-used techniques after optimization is applied. This highlights the importance of exploring the parameter space when using parameter-sensitive classification techniques.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":9618550,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2950778120","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2018.2794977","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1801.10270"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The objective of this study was to estimate emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from agricultural systems in the San Joaquin Valley of California during the late summer period of maximum tropospheric ozone development. Nitrogen oxide fluxes were measured during July, August, and early September of 1995. Field sites that were utilized for sampling represented the most important crop types and the dominant fertilizer and irrigation management practices\u00b7 for the area. Hourly and daily flux data along with a spatial data base of crop type areas were used to extrapolate fluxes to county and Valley scales. Soil, climatic, and management factors that were important in controlling the rate and timing of NOx flux from soil were identified . Information on crop acreage for eight San Joaquin Valley counties was used to identify nine dominant crop types including: alfalfa, citrus, corn, cotton, grapes, irrigated pasture, stonefruits, sugar beets, vegetables, and other. Twenty-eight agricultural systems were identified that represented the most important crop types and the dominant fertilizer and irrigation management practices of the area. Diel measurements were carried out at least once on four sites; thirteen sites were sampled repeatedly over several week periods in order to estimate variation in fluxes within sites over time. Soil water filled pore space (WFPS), soil temperature, air temperature, soil ammonium and nitrate, total soil organic nitrogen and organic carbon, soil pH, and soil texture were determined for all sites. Net and gross nitrogen mineralization and nitrification, and nitrification potentials were also measured for a subset of the sites. There was substantial variability in NOx fluxes among crops (crop mean fluxes at mid-day ranging from 1.0-9.1 ng-N cm-2 h-1 ), with irrigated pastures, almonds, and tomatoes having generally high mean fluxes relative to the other crops. Variation among different fields of the same crop type was also very large (e.g., 0.13-17.53 ng-N cm-2 h-lfor cotton, 0.16-15.69 ng-N cm-2 h1for corn) and appeared to be related to proximity in time to a fertilizer application and soil moisture characteristics. The low fluxes measured from many of the sites during the July-August period reflected the management practices for that period of time. There was relatively little application of fertilizer to crops during this mid-summer period. Sites sampled during or immediately after fertilizer application ( one each of almonds, corn, and cotton) showed substantially higher NOx flux values than did the same fields or other fields of the same crop type when they were not sampled soon after fertilization. Two types of regression models were developed to relate NOx fluxes to environmental or soil variables: 1) Point-predictive model, which 1s driven by information on crop type, WFPS, soil texture, soil temperature, soil NO3and NH4+, total soil C and N, and field position. 2) Management model, which is driven by crop type, fertilizer characteristics, WFPS, pH, and air temperature. The management model was designed to utilize more generally available data for the development of regional emissions estimates. By incorporating important controllers of NOx flux from soil, especially WFPS and temperature, the management model developed and evaluated here improves our capacity to predict NOx fluxes under a variety of cropping and management regimes as compared to single-factor empirical models. GIS-based data on major crop types in the San Joaquin Valley was used to calculate hourly and daily NOx flux by crop type and county, which could then be summed to estimate total flux for the Valley. Cotton, which had an intermediate mean mid-day hourly flux in comparison with other crops, had the highest total Valley hourly flux ( 232120.9 g-N h1) due to a large total acreage. Grapes were calculated to have the next largest total flux when summed over the Valley. Total flux values however can mask the spatial component of the fluxes which may be critical in determining air chemistry. Spatial distribution of NOx fluxes was presented for seven San Joaquin Valley counties. Total mid-day hourly flux ranged from 60265 to 188422 g-N h1 , with the counties with the highest to lowest fluxes following this sequence: Fresno, Kern, Tulare, San Joaquin, Merced, Kings, Madera. Agricultural Systems in the San Joaquin Valley: Development of Emissions Estimates for Nitrogen Oxides","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":130399825,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2258436439","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sprain, is an injury to a joint that results in a torn ligament that functions as a binding between bones and as a stabilizer for the joint that occurs due to excessive pressure and sudden movements repeatedly. It is estimated that nearly 1.6 million injuries occur in connection with basketball in Indonesia. The epidemiology of injuries to male basketball players during training is 4.3 per 1000 while the competition is 9.9 per 1000. This study is an experimental study with a Two Group Pre-Test and Post-Test Design. The research subjects were 30 permanent members of the Bangau Basketball Club which were divided into 2 groups: O1 group was a group that was given cold therapy before training alone, O2 group was a group that was given cold therapy after exercise alone. The study was conducted in October-November 2018. There was a difference between pain intensity and the degree of ankle sprain O1 group before and after exercise with the pain intensity difference test value of 0,000 and the value of the ankle sprain degree difference test result of 0.029 (p <0.05). There was a difference between the intensity of pain and the degree of ankle sprain in the O2 group before and after exercise with the test value of the pain intensity difference of 0.024 and the value of the test result of the degree of ankle sprain difference of 0.047 (p <0.05). Wilcoxon test results showed that there was an effect of cold therapy to reduce ankle sprain pain with p <0.05.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":219044013,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3017860148","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5799\/jcei\/8205","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.jceionline.org\/download\/the-effect-of-giving-cold-therapy-to-decrease-pain-of-sprain-ankle-of-basketball-players-8205.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The nonrelativistic energies of the core-excited (n = 3, 4, 5 and 6) states for the lithium isoelectronic sequence from Li I to O VI are calculated with a full core plus correlation method using multiconfiguration wavefunctions. Relativistic and mass-polarization effects on the energy are evaluated at the first-order perturbation theory by using the Pauli-Breit operators. Our results are in close agreement with experiment and are better than other theoretical results.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":119903849,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2007333054","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/0953-4075\/31\/11\/010","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article presents a brief overview of the historical development of the missional church from the understanding of the missio Dei. From this perspective, it attends to the African context. With regard to African children, the African independent churches are looked at from a missional church perspective. The nature of the missional church is described as being a Biblical, Trinitarian, discerning, evangelistic, hermeneutic and agogic community. The implication of being missional in accordance with the mentioned characteristics is then linked to the five solas of the Reformed tradition. It is concluded that the African independent churches and the mainline missionary churches need each other in order to be truly missional in Africa and to reach the children of Africa. Intradisciplinary and\/or interdisciplinary implications: Children and Youth Ministry is challenged by the context of Africa, when some relevant characteristics of the African independent or initiated churches (AICs) are described and related to the Reformed tradition. The (missional) ecclesiology of the AICs and the Reformed tradition is challenged by children's ministry","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":151558957,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2518255059","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4102\/VE.V37I1.1600","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: While discontinuation of COPD maintenance medication is a known problem, the proportion of patients with discontinuation and its geographical and sociodemographic distribution are so far unknown in Sweden. Therefore, we analyse this question by applying an innovative approach called multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA). Patients and Methods: We analysed 49,019 patients categorized into 18 sociodemographic contexts and 21 counties of residence. All patients had a hospital COPD diagnosis and had been on inhaled maintenance medication during the 5 years before the study baseline in 2010. We de fi ned \" discontinuation \" as the absolute lack of retrieval from a pharmacy of any inhaled maintenance medication during 2011. We performed a cross-classi fi ed MAIHDA and obtained the average proportion of discontinuation, as well as county and sociodemographic absolute risks, and compared them with a proposed benchmark value of 10%. We calculated the variance partition coef fi cient (VPC) and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) to quantify county and sociodemographic differences. To summarize the results, we used a framework with 15 scenarios de fi ned by the size of the differences and the level of achievement in relation to the benchmark value. Results: Around 18% of COPD patients in Sweden discontinued maintenance medication, so the benchmark value was not achieved. There were very small county differences (VPC=0.35%, AUC=0.54). The sociodemographic differences were small (VPC=4.98%, AUC=0.57). Conclusion: Continuity of maintenance medication among COPD patients in Sweden could be improved by reducing the unjusti fi ably high prevalence of discontinuation. The very small county and small sociodemographic differences should motivate universal interventions across all counties and sociodemographic groups. Geographical analyses should be combined with sociodemographic analyses, and the cross-classi fi ed MAIHDA is an appropriate tool to assess health-care quality. fi cation,","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":249891268,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Incompatibility between donors and recipients can cause fatal hemolytic transfusion reactions (HTR), kidney damage and death and immunization of the recipient. Antigens on the surface of erythrocytes in the ABO blood group system and regular natural antibodies against these in the patient's plasma must be considered. An individual always has a corresponding antibody of IgM in their plasma. Irregular antibodies acquired by transfusion or pregnancy and active in body temperature also cause the HTR incompatibility. Before blood transfusion a test is performed to investigate the patient's ABO antigen and the antigen Rh D, and an antibody screen, a compability test called BAS-test. The test is manual performed using a gel card technique. Immunohematology 1000 (IH-1000) is a fully automatic computerized system that automatically performs the test and passes the results directly to the patient file. To investigate whether these methods provide comparable results blood sample from the vein from a total of 118 blood donors and patients (50 men and 68 women) in the ages of 16-99 years were collected. Both manual gel card technique and analysis with the IH-1000 were performed. The results showed a good agreement (100%) between the two techniques for both affiliation of ABO of erythrocytes and findings of irregular antibodies in plasma. The patients who received a positive antibody screen with the manual technique also received a positive antibody screen with erythrocytes from same test donor in the analysis of IH-1000. Between the two methods no clinically significant difference was observed in the antibody response in the strength of the reactions. BAS-test can be performed with IH-1000 instead of manually performed technique.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":68934317,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"359798635","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, we propose a structural segmentation algorithm to partition multi-view stereo reconstructed surfaces of large-scale urban environments into structural segments. Each segment corresponds to a structural component describable by a surface primitive of up to the second order. This segmentation is for use in subsequent urban object modeling, vectorization, and recognition. To overcome the high geometrical and topological noise levels in the 3D reconstructed urban surfaces, we formulate the structural segmentation as a higher-order Conditional Random Field (CRF) labeling problem. It not only incorporates classical lower-order 2D and 3D local cues, but also encodes contextual geometric regularities to disambiguate the noisy local cues. A general higher-order CRF is difficult to solve. We develop a bottom-up progressive approach through a patch-based surface representation, which iteratively evolves from the initial mesh triangles to the final segmentation. Each iteration alternates between performing a prior discovery step, which finds the contextual regularities of the patch-based representation, and an inference step that leverages the regularities as higher-order priors to construct a more stable and regular segmentation. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed method is extensively demonstrated on real reconstruction models, yielding significantly better performance than classical mesh segmentation methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":15296552,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2216747437","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.242","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Satellite constellation designers take into consid- eration the entire telecommunication network and their design choices are influenced by many factors including: number of satellites, orbital characteristics, coverage area, network interconnections, system cost, and complexity. When the satellite constellation design method does not include a large number of possible configurations, then the final result of the design process is a suboptimal solution. Flower Constellation (FC) design provides a relatively new design approach which can overcome this problem. The time evolution of the FC theory is here summarized and the fundamental mathematics allowing the constellation design is provided. In particular, the theory is applied to the design and optimization of constellations maximizing the global coverage and the network connectivity via intersatellite links. Performance results are compared to the classical type of satellite constellations, i.e., the Walker Constellations. The performance improvement provided by FC design with respect to Walker Constellation design is shown. Finally, considerations regarding the cost for deployment and orbital control are also provided.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":131237662,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2187198539","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Two types of integrative sampling approaches (passive samplers and biomonitors) were tested for their sampling characteristics of selected pollutants. Chemical analysis by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC\/MSD) were used to determine the amounts of eight compounds (diuron, \u03b3-HCH, atrazine, irgarol, phenanthrene, dieldrin and two congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls; PCB 52 and PCB 153) in two passive sampling devices (Chemcatcher and Ecoscope) and marine mussels (Mytilus edulis), both had been deployed in Langstone and Portsmouth Harbours, UK. Duiron, irgarol, atrazine and phenanthrene were determined in spot samples of the two deployment sites (Haslar Marina and Port Solent) during field trail. All the compounds except the dieldrin have been detected by Chemcatcher passive samples and mussels. Ecoscope passive samples had the ability to detect diuron and irgarol with lower concentration (1.5 and 22.4 ng L-1, respectively) than detected by Chemcatcher passive samples (1500 and 125 ng device -1) in port Solent after 14 days of the deployment. The study proved that Chemcatcher passive samples and biomonitoring organisms may provide complementary information since, the former samples only the free fraction and the latter both the free and particulate-bound fractions of pollutants in aquatic environments. The Chemcatcher samples has been proved that it can overcome some of the deficiencies of existing devices such as Ecoscope passive samples and to cover a wide range of polarities. It proved also to be the preferred method for assessing the presence of these compounds since, employing mussels had several disadvantages both in sampling efficiency and sample analysis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":129292902,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1969324923","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3923\/JEST.2010.1.17","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The adsorption of CH4 onto the surfaces of perovskite-type catalysts ABO3 ( A=La, Ba; B=Zr, Co, Ce) was investigated by a density functional theory based on the first-principles in this paper. The absorption mechanism was derived by population and electronic states analysis on the basis of the electronic and surface structure calculations. For A=Ba and B=Zr, the frontier energy state was found to the key factor in controlling the adsorption behavior of CH4 absorbed on (001) surfaces, which is mainly contributed by oxygen and B-site ions. The most favorite adsorption site for CH4 was located at B-sites of perovskite catalysts ABO3, where the A-site ions adjust the charge of B-site ions and moreover affect the CH4 adsorption.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":93221903,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1974854723","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.291-294.1208","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Acolhua-Aztec land records depicting areas and side dimensions of agricultural fields provide insight into Aztec arithmetic. Hypothesizing that recorded areas resulted from indigenous calculation, in a study of sample quadrilateral fields we found that 60% of the area values could be reproduced exactly by computation. In remaining cases, discrepancies between computed and recorded areas were consistently small, suggesting use of an unknown indigenous arithmetic. In revisiting the research, we discovered evidence for the use of congruence principles, based on proportions between the standard linear Acolhua measure and their units of shorter length. This procedure substitutes for computation with fractions and is labeled \"Acolhua congruence arithmetic.\" The findings also clarify variance between Acolhua and Tenochca linear units, long an issue in understanding Aztec metrology.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":206510962,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2049913911","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153976","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Debate has surrounded whether the participation of trans women in female sporting categories is fair, specifically the retained male physiological advantage due to increased testosterone compared to cisgender females. Recently, individual sporting organisations have been investigating and assessing policies regarding trans women athlete participation in female categories, resulting in several banning participation. This review aims to discuss the scientific evidence and provide appropriate guidance for the inclusion of trans women in elite competitive female fencing categories. Fencing is an intermittent sport, where competitions can span 1 to 3 days. The lunge is the most common movement used to attack opponents, where a successful hit relies on the speed of the action. Male puberty induced increased circulating testosterone promotes a greater stature, cardiovascular function, muscle mass, and strength compared to cisgender females, culminating in a ~12\u201340% sport performance advantage. Elite cisgender male fencers perform significantly higher, ~17\u201330%, jump heights and leg power measures compared to elite cisgender female fencers, resulting in faster lunges. Trans women receiving androgen-suppression therapy for 12 months showed significant reductions in strength, lean body mass, and muscle surface area, but even after 36 months, the measurements of these three indices remained above those for cisgender females. Previous male muscle mass and strength can be retained through continuation of resistance training. The literature reviewed shows that there is a retained physiological advantage for trans women who have undergone male puberty when participating in the elite competitive female fencing category. A proposed solution of an open or third gender category for elite fencing competition promotes fair competition, while allowing trans women to compete in their chosen sport.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":260022141,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/sports11070133","PubMedCentral":"10385998","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4663\/11\/7\/133\/pdf?version=1689758759","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The garment industry has long been criticized for treating workers poorly. Despite the attention that this problem has received in recent years, abuse continues to occur, even in a territory of the United States (U.S.), the Northern Mariana Islands. This Note considers two legislative solutions that have been considered in the United States Congress, applying to the territory (1) U.S. minimum wages laws, and (2) U.S. immigration laws, and argues that better control over immigration to the Northern Marianas may reduce the problem significantly.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":152601397,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1529827431","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Problem The Fresno Spanish Seventh-day Adventist Church has a 65 year history in the city of Fresno. From the year of 1995 until the year of 2005 when I became the pastor for this church, I realized that the numeric growth rate in this congregation had dropped significantly. I soon became aware of the urgent need for a comprehensive analysis that would enable the Fresno Spanish Church to regain its growth momentum. Method The solution and the vision to solve the problem was the development and the implementation of a small group program that would help train, equip, and mobilize church members for ministry. The research began with the study of the literature on church growth and on how to turn around declining churches. A small group program was developed and implemented with as well trained team composed of dedicated church members. The recruiting and equipping of the team leaders took six months and once equipped and organized, the program was launched for a period of one year. Results The small group program to foster numeric growth at the Fresno Spanish Church was implemented in the year of 2007. The results were outstanding. The program impacted the life of the church and the congregation experienced much success. The morale among member improved and the church experienced numerical growth. On the year the small group program was implemented, the church experienced a 300 percent growth in membership. In addition to numeric growth, different outreach ministries were established and new leaders were developed to assist in the various community church programs. Conclusion The small group program implemented in the Fresno Spanish Church to foster numeric growth, I believe, can be replicated in other churches with similar challenges,especially in those churches were its leaders have a desire to positive impact their communities with the gospel of Christ","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":134957589,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2766504840","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.32597\/dmin\/324\/","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYND","url":"https:\/\/digitalcommons.andrews.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1338&context=dmin","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Over the years, the software engineering community has developed various tools to support the specification, development, and maintainance of software. Many of these tools use proprietary data formats to store artifacts which hamper interoperability. However, the Semantic Web provides a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across application, enterprise, and community boundaries. Ontologies are used define the concepts in the domain of discourse and their relationships and as such provide the formal vocabulary applications use to exchange data. Beside the Web, the technologies developed for the Semantic Web have proven to be useful also in other domains, especially when data is exchanged between applications from different parties. Software engineering is one of these domains in which recent research shows that Semantic Web technologies are able to reduce the barriers of proprietary data formats and enable interoperability. \n \nIn this tutorial, we present Semantic Web technologies and their application in software engineering. We discuss the current status of ontologies for software entities, bug reports, or change requests, as well as semantic representations for software and its documentation. This way, architecture, design, code, or test models can be shared across application boundaries enabling a seamless integration of engineering results.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":65102340,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2784250581","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5167\/UZH-9104","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"From the Publisher: \nThis established textbook introduces the essentials of classification as used for information storage and retrieval. By adopting a gradual progression from very basic principles and by providing practical examples, it enables the reader to gain a firm grasp of one idea before proceeding to the next. \nIn information work, classification may be used in various ways, for coding in computerized systems; for the organization of manual and machine-readable files and catalogues; and for shelf arrangement in libraries and information services. It can constitute a basis for the production of alphabetical authority lists of subject terms, or thesauri, and can be applied to other subject indexing and search techniques. The approach adopted here is a wide one and is not limited to classification for one specific purpose. \nThis revision takes account of developments that have taken place since the first edition was published. Perhaps the most significant event has been the phenomenal growth of the Internet and the World Wide Web and this new edition outlines the significant role that classification can play in the accessing of Internet resources. \nClassification Made Simple provides a useful gateway to more advanced works and the study of specific schemes. As an introductory text, it will be invaluable to students of information work and to anyone inside or outside the information profession who needs to understand the manner in which classification can be utilised to facilitate and enhance the retrieval process. \n\"A book I would strongly recommend to any student of librarianship and information studies as an introduction to the general principles\" Library Review \n\"On my first day as trainee at Southend Central Library - and later on at college I could have done with this book\" Public Library Journal \n\"This book is a laudable contribution. The author has succeeded admirably in presenting the high science of classification in simple words and in meaningful examples. It is a valuable service to the classification discipline\" International Classification \n\"The presentation is clear and economical; the book can easily be read at one sitting. It will thus prove invaluable as both an introductory text and revision aid\" Journal of Documentation \nAuthor Biography: Eric Hunter is Emeritus Professor of Information Management, Liverpool John Moores University, UK. He has written and researched widely in education, librarianship and information handling.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":60575451,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1535481485","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4324\/9781315184944","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In renewable energy-fed grid-connected applications, voltage source converters (VSC) offer high flexibility and system controllability features. In addition to the stepped down nature of its output voltage, the VSC is inherently defenseless against faults. On the other hand, boost Inverters provides voltage boosting characteristic and complete blocking capability between the AC grid and the DC side fault which protects the semiconductor devices during DC faults. A simulation study to compare the performance of VSC and boost inverters during DC side faults is conducted in this paper. The simulation results elucidate a significant decrease in the DC fault current in case of boost inverter due to its blocking capability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":38633854,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2056165285","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/IECON.2013.6699295","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract:The beginning of the twenty-first century could be characterised by the externalisation of attention, following the externalisation of our other faculties: the term 'exo-attention' can be used to refer to the increasing number of electrical devices performing attentional tasks for us outside of our bodies. At the same time, the logic of industrial production continues to demand human beings to develop automated gestures commanded by the planetary assembly line, intellectual gestures being now added to bodily gestures. This automation of our 'endo-attention' cannot be considered as a temporary step in the process leading to full automation. On the one hand, it coexists and goes along with the logic of 'heteromation', whereby supposedly automated procedures are actually performed by micro-taskers, click farms and Mechanical Turks. On the other hand, the precarisation of labour conditions analysed by Franco Berardi tends to segment our activity into pre-formatted time-cells which alienate us from the very tasks we accomplish. While our endo-attention threatens to be automated through and through, progress in deep learning programming allows exo-attention to become creative: what used to be the specificity of human attention (i.e., its capacity to extract a meaningful figure from a given background) can now be obtained by unsupervised machine learning. Does all this mean that the creativity of human attention has been merely displaced, from creatively paying attention to (a limited number of) things, to creatively devising algorithms that pay attention to (a higher number of) things? This perspective could be technologically attractive, if it weren't trapped within the constraints of neoliberal capitalism. Social\u2013 not technological\u2013 logics should be the main cause of our concern (and anxiety) about automation. Neoliberal capitalism tends to globally align the infinite diversity of our individual attentions under one single hegemonic imperative to maximise financial profit. This is both egocidal, as it automatises our endo-attention subjected to segmented tasks that no longer make sense to us (pre-empting emancipatory forms of subjectification), and eco-cidal, as the race for short-term profit vandalises our social and natural environments. We therefore need to sharpen our analyses (and anxieties), in order to deflect our fear of automation towards a rejection of neoliberal capitalism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":212977089,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3002633408","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3898\/newf:98.07.2019","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/hal.archives-ouvertes.fr\/hal-02912252\/file\/Citton-AutomaticEndoAttention-2019.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As noted in Dr L.G.M. Baas Becking's Postscript to Mr van Bemmel's article in Chronica Naturae Vol. 104, part 4, the new systematics has not been entirely neglected by botanists. I would like to put a further botanical vieuwpoint on this subject. Firstly, I suggest that there is no sharp distinction between the old systematics and the new; secondly, I would emphasize that systematics of the primary descriptive type are an essential basis for the new systematics, and that we are still a long way from completeness in our primary systematic study of Malaysian plants. Systematics of the primary descriptive type need not be out of touch with modern scientific thought. The field botanist in the tropics cannot regard the subject of his study as dead material. But his first job is to classify his material so that others may have an intelligible guide to it. And he cannot classify it without some recognized code of procedure and of nomenclature. It is true that in the past the choice of the correct name for a taxonomic group has too often occupied \"the central position of systematic work\". But to a botanist with a modern scientific outlook, the search for the correct name is merely the last step in a study, a step necessary in order to correlate his work with what has gone before.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":83070506,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"825795339","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study focused on proposed hypothetical model to explore the association between employee training and customer satisfaction of retail sector in Pakistan, while observing employee performance in mediating role and job autonomy in moderating role. The study was conducted by cross-sectional survey among employees and customers of selected organizations of Rawalpindi and Islamabad cities, respectively. Sample consists of 224 employees and data collection was done by the distribution of structured questionnaires through convenience sampling technique. In statistical analysis to draw conclusions analytical tools such as reliability, correlation, and regression analysis were used. From results it was observed that there was a positive association between employee training and customer satisfaction. Also, the results of the study supported the highly significant mediating role of employee performance on the association between employee training and customer satisfaction. Similarly the results confirmed the moderating role of job autonomy between employee training and customer satisfaction. So it is well concluded that retail companies should introduce training of employees which will enhance their performance and will help them deliver a better customer service and definitely customers will be satisfied. Similarly if employees are well trained, so they will act and work autonomously which will boost customer satisfaction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":241709757,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.37745\/gjhrm.vol8.no2.p33-57.2020","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37745\/gjhrm.vol8.no2.p33-57.2020","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Link prediction is an important task in online social networking as it can be used to infer new or previously unknown relationships of a network. However, due to the homophily principle, current algorithms are susceptible to promoting links that may lead to increase segregation of the network\u2014an effect known as filter bubble. In this study, we examine the filter bubble problem from the perspective of algorithm fairness and introduce a dyadic-level fairness criterion based on network modularity measure. We show how the criterion can be utilized as a postprocessing step to generate more heterogeneous links in order to overcome the filter bubble problem. In addition, we also present a novel framework that combines adversarial network representation learning with supervised link prediction to alleviate the filter bubble problem. Experimental results conducted on several real-world datasets showed the effectiveness of the proposed methods compared to other baseline approaches, which include conventional link prediction and fairness-aware methods for i.i.d data.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":214132488,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2997837569","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1609\/AAAI.V34I01.5429","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective The objective of this systematic review was to investigate the quality and outcome of studies into artificial intelligence techniques, analysis, and effect in dentistry. Materials and Methods Using the MeSH keywords: artificial intelligence (AI), dentistry, AI in dentistry, neural networks and dentistry, machine learning, AI dental imaging, and AI treatment recommendations and dentistry. Two investigators performed an electronic search in 5 databases: PubMed\/MEDLINE (National Library of Medicine), Scopus (Elsevier), ScienceDirect databases (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate Analytics), and the Cochrane Collaboration (Wiley). The English language articles reporting on AI in different dental specialties were screened for eligibility. Thirty-two full-text articles were selected and systematically analyzed according to a predefined inclusion criterion. These articles were analyzed as per a specific research question, and the relevant data based on article general characteristics, study and control groups, assessment methods, outcomes, and quality assessment were extracted. Results The initial search identified 175 articles related to AI in dentistry based on the title and abstracts. The full text of 38 articles was assessed for eligibility to exclude studies not fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Six articles not related to AI in dentistry were excluded. Thirty-two articles were included in the systematic review. It was revealed that AI provides accurate patient management, dental diagnosis, prediction, and decision making. Artificial intelligence appeared as a reliable modality to enhance future implications in the various fields of dentistry, i.e., diagnostic dentistry, patient management, head and neck cancer, restorative dentistry, prosthetic dental sciences, orthodontics, radiology, and periodontics. Conclusion The included studies describe that AI is a reliable tool to make dental care smooth, better, time-saving, and economical for practitioners. AI benefits them in fulfilling patient demand and expectations. The dentists can use AI to ensure quality treatment, better oral health care outcome, and achieve precision. AI can help to predict failures in clinical scenarios and depict reliable solutions. However, AI is increasing the scope of state-of-the-art models in dentistry but is still under development. Further studies are required to assess the clinical performance of AI techniques in dentistry.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":235810947,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9751564","PubMedCentral":"8245240","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2021\/9751564.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We would like to thank all our Organizing Committee Members, Keynote Speakers, Speakers, Delegates, students, Associations, Media partners, Exhibitors and guests for making Pediatrics Healthcare Congress a successful event. It was absolutely an astonishing success wherever outstanding keynote speakers from totally different likely associations and universities created their good distance and cared-for the assemblage. We may wish to expire a dear appreciation to the Session Chairs\/ Co-Chairs and Session Speakers World Health Organization created this meeting additional valuable and effective to the Researchers, Educators, Investigate Researchers and Delegates from health care elements met there. \nAllied Academies offers its heartfelt gratefulness to the Organizing Committee Members, various specialists, and company representatives and is thankful to other eminent personalities who interlaced with Allied Academies and encouraged the gathering in each perspective, without which the meeting would not have been possible.The conference proceedings were carried out through various Scientific-sessions and plenary lectures. The conference was embarked with an opening ceremony followed by a series of lectures delivered by both Honourable Guests and members of the Keynote forum. The adepts who promulgated the theme with their exquisite talk and testimonials received from the Keynote speakers and workshop.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":226425779,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3087893206","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Western way of thinking has been dominated by the Aristotelian law of the excluded middle. Even though Hegel tried to create a revolution for Western thought through his dialectical logic, the Aristotelian logic or the either\/or logic still haunts the Western world. However, Hegelian logic is not so clear in terms of epistemology to solve the problem of dualism. It is Charles Hartshorne who could be said to have successfully solved the problem of dualism in the West. This paper will demonstrate what the author calls \"the Hartshornian Way\" and argues that only through this way, truths of the opposites can be recognized and combined together successfully.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":171950311,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2605670880","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) represent an attractive concept for storing hydrogen by the hydrogenation of usually aromatic compounds. One of the best investigated LOHCs is N-ethylcarbazole because of its favorable thermodynamic properties. However, its high melting point of 343.1 K could be a major drawback particularly in mobile applications. Therefore, it is desired to decrease the melting point of N-ethylcarbazole without significantly changing favorable properties such as the storage density or the reaction behavior of the carrier compound. To investigate the solid\u2013liquid behavior during hydrogenation, the melting points of pure N-ethylcarbazole derivatives with increasing degree of hydrogenation as well as the liquidus line of the binary mixture of N-ethylcarbazole and N-ethyl-dodecahydro-carbazole were measured. Because of their structural and chemical resemblance binary mixtures consisting of different alkylcarbazole combinations were analyzed regarding their potential for a melting poi...","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":102023438,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2299501175","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/ACS.JCED.5B00679","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"From March to May, 2010, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Eucalyptus grandis leaf litter at its early stage of decomposition on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Cichorium intybus. Four treatments with different application rate of the leaf litter, i.e., 0 g x pot(-1) (CK), 30 g x pot(-1) (A1), 60 g x pot(-1) (A2), and 90 g x pot(-1) (A3), were installed. Each pot contained 12 kg soil mixed with the leaf litter, and then, C. intybus was sown. The growth indicators of the C. intybus were measured at the 30, 45, 60, and 75 d after sowing, and the photosynthetic characteristics of the C. intybus in treatment A3 were studied after the seedlings third leaf fully expanded. At each measured time, the biomass accumulation and leaf area growth of C. intybus in treatments A1, A2, and A3 were inhibited significantly. At the early stage of the leaf litter decomposition, the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments of the C. intybus seedlings was inhibited significantly, and the inhibition effect was getting stronger with the increasing amount of the leaf litter addition. The diurnal change of the seedlings photosynthetic rate in all treatments showed a bimodal curve with midday depression, the stomatal conductance and water use efficiency had the same variation trend with the net photosynthetic rate, and the total diurnal photosynthesis decreased in the order of CK > A1 > A2 > A3. The GC-MS analysis showed there were 33 kinds of small molecule compounds released gradually with the decomposition of the leaf litter, among which, allelopathic substance terpenoid dominated.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":25694613,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2409536362","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"EYCE\u00d6Z, TUGAY. Deterministic Modeling and Long Range Prediction of Fast Fading Channels with Applications to Mobile Radio Systems. (Under the direction of Prof. Alexandra Duel-Hallen) In wireless communication systems, the direct signal and the reflected signals form an interference pattern resulting in a received signal given by the sum of these components. They are distinguished by their Doppler shifts at the mobile. Since the parameters associated with these components are slowly varying, the fading coefficients can be accurately predicted far ahead. We introduced a novel algorithm for long range prediction of fading channels. This algorithm finds the linear Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) estimate of the future fading coefficients given a fixed number of previous observations. We show that the superior performance of this algorithm is due to its longer memory span achieved by using lower sampling rate given fixed model order relative to the conventional (data rate) methods of fading prediction. This long range prediction capability for fading channels would provide enabling technology for accurate power control, reliable transmitter and\/or receiver diversity, more effective adaptive modulation and coding and improvements in many other components of wireless systems. In this thesis, we demonstrate that large improvements in the performance are possible for both flat and frequency-selective rapidly varying fading channels when the proposed prediction method is used. We illustrate the performance enhancements both at the transmitter and the receiver with both theoretical and simulation results.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":64403763,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2525373535","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Africa is a continent of over a billion people, yet questions of underdevelopment, malgovernance, and a form of political life based upon patronage are characteristic of many African states. 'Introduction to Africa and its politics' explains that the core questions underpinning this VSI centre on how politics is typically practised on the continent; the nature of the state in Africa; and what accounts for Africa's underdevelopment. This VSI aims to appraise sub-Saharan Africa's recent political history, examining post-colonial political structures, the impact of colonialism, and the form and nature of post-colonial states. The type of politics practised in many African states continues to be hostile to genuine nation building and broad-based, sustainable development.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":158543026,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2894288221","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/actrade\/9780198806578.003.0001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This thesis addresses issues in production-inventory systems in both a traditional and an e-business context, with an emphasis on capacity considerations. The general aim of the thesis is to model capacity-constrained production-inventory systems and thereby provide theoretical frameworks for control as well as design of these systems.The research has been conducted in two different contexts. In the traditional context, an extensive survey of the literature on capacity-constrained production-inventory systems is first presented. Production-inventory systems with capacity limitations are then modelled using the Laplace transform and input-output analysis for deterministic and stochastic demand situations, respectively. In the formulation of the model for the deterministic demand situations, the focus is on the way in which the fundamental balance equations for inventory and backlogs need to be modified. In the formulation for stochastic demand situations, the model extends previous theory in the direction of capacity considerations combined with uncertainty in external demand. The results of the modelling and analysis in the traditional context contribute to the development of a theoretical background for production-inventory system control applying the Laplace transform approach and input-output analysis.In the e-business context, those aspects which are affected by e-business based customer ordering systems, and hence influence production-inventory systems, are studied. A mathematical model based on the assumption of a simple e-business model of direct sales channels is presented. Since e-business significantly facilitates customisation, models of two different production systems which consider customisation are provided. The production-inventory systems are then developed into an extended system where customers are included. For this system, a multiple objective formulation is obtained, in view of the importance of customers. The results of the modelling and analysis in the ebusiness context contribute insights and perspectives on ways to design and control ebusiness influenced production - inventory systems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":107320062,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"420803623","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND CONTEXT\nChronic low back pain (CLBP) is a prevalent disorder that has a significant burden to society in terms of loss of work time and increased economic cost. Two common treatment choices of intervention for CLBP are spinal manipulation and prescribed exercise.\n\n\nPURPOSE\nThe purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of spinal manipulation vs prescribed exercise for patients diagnosed with CLBP. Studies that compared head-to-head spinal manipulation to an exercise group were included in this review.\n\n\nMETHODS\nA search of the current literature was conducted using a keyword process in CINAHL, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials Database, Medline, and Embase. The search was conducted on, and included studies available up to August 29(th) 2014. Studies were included based on PICOS criteria 1) individuals with CLBP defined as lasting 12 weeks or longer; 2) spinal manipulation performed by a health care practitioner; 3) prescribed exercise for the treatment of CLBP and monitored by a health care practitioner; 4) measurable clinical outcomes for reducing pain, disability or improving function; 5) randomized controlled trials. The quality of included articles was determined by the author using the criteria developed and used by the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro).\n\n\nRESULTS\nThree randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria of this systematic review and were included in this review. The outcomes used in these studies included Disability Indexes, Pain Scales and function improvement scales. The results included a mix of effects with one study finding spinal manipulation as more effective and another finding the exercises more so. The third study found both interventions offering equal effects in the long term.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nBased on the findings of this systematic review there is no conclusive evidence that clearly favours spinal manipulation or exercise as more effective in treatment of CLBP. More studies are needed to further explore which intervention is more effective.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":35977660,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1565194222","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Limited computing resources of internet-of-things (IoT) nodes incur prohibitive latency in processing input data. This triggers new research opportunities toward task offloading systems where edge servers handle intensive computations of IoT devices. Deploying the computing servers at existing base stations may not be sufficient to support IoT nodes operating in a harsh environment. This requests mobile edge servers to be mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that provide on-demand mobile edge computing (MEC) services. Time-varying offloading demands and mobility of UAVs need a joint design of the optimization variables for all time instances. Therefore, an online decision mechanism is essential for UAV-aided MEC networks. This article presents an overview of recent deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approaches where decisions about UAVs and IoT nodes are taken in an online manner. Specifically, joint optimization over task offloading, resource allocation, and UAV mobility is addressed from the DRL perspective. For the decentralized implementation, a multi-agent DRL method is proposed where multiple intelligent UAVs cooperatively determine their computations and communication policies without central coordination. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed decentralized learning strategy is superior to existing DRL solutions. The proposed framework sheds light on the viability of the decentralized DRL techniques in designing self-organizing IoT networks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":251134961,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.003.2100690","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2207.13832"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As the demand for mobile network services increases, immediate detection and forecasting of network failure events have become important problems for service providers. Several event detection approaches have been proposed to tackle these problems by utilizing social data. However, these approaches have not tried to solve event detection and forecasting problems from multiple data sets, such as web access logs and search queries. In this paper, we propose a machine learning approach that incorporates multiple user activity data into detecting and forecasting failure events. Our approach is based on a two-level procedure. First, we introduce a novel feature construction method that treats both the imbalanced label problem and the data sparsity problem of user activity data. Second, we propose a model ensemble method that combines outputs of supervised and unsupervised learning models for each data set and gives accurate predictions of network service outage. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed models by extensive experiments with real-world failure events occurred at a network service provider in Japan and three user activity data sets.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":19097954,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2807435678","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.11422","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/ojs.aaai.org\/index.php\/AAAI\/article\/download\/11422\/11281","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study aimed to assess impact of high fat diet (HFD) on cardiac apoptosis, and cardiac uncoupling proteins (UCPs) 2&3 expression. Twenty rats were fed either (45%) or (10%) fat diet for 6 months, then cardiac tissue expression of BAX, Bcl2, Fas, Fas-L (markers for apoptotic pathways) and UCP 2&3 were assessed. Results revealed enhancement of intrinsic and extrinsic cardiomyocyte apoptosis cascades in the myocardial tissue of HFD fed rats and down regulation of UCP2 and up regulation of UCP3 gene expression at 6 months. The present work highlights novel role for the uncoupling proteins in the experimental model of HFD feeding.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":211018914,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3011540828","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introducing humanoid robots in areas where space is limited, for example in search-and-rescue scenarios or industrial manufacturing, represents a huge challenge, especially when the environment is cluttered and unknown. The robot should be capable of utilizing multiple contact points distributed across the entire body and not just its feet and hands. Extra contacts on the whole body, for instance including the knees and elbows, enable the robot to increase its agility and robustness by enhancing the support polygon. This paper applies our passivity-based approach for hierarchical whole-body control including balancing to scenarios involving contacts distributed all over the body of the robot as required in confined spaces. The approach is experimentally validated on the torque-controlled humanoid robot TORO to demonstrate the general applicability of the presented framework.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":6165274,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2773174577","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/IROS.2017.8202227","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In 2009, the SEC mandated that financial statements be filed using eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL). The SEC contends that this new search-facilitating technology will reduce informational barriers that separate smaller, less-sophisticated investors from larger, more-sophisticated investors, thereby reducing information asymmetry. However, if some larger investors can leverage their superior resources and abilities to garner greater benefits from XBRL than smaller investors, information asymmetry is likely to increase. Using a difference-in-difference design, we find evidence of higher abnormal bid-ask spreads for XBRL adopting firms around 10-K filings in the year after the mandate, consistent with increased concerns of adverse selection. We also find a reduction in abnormal liquidity and a decrease in abnormal trading volume, particularly for small trades. Additional analyses suggest, however, that these effects may be declining somewhat in more recent years. Collectively, our evidence suggests that a reduction in investors' data aggregation costs may not have served its intended purpose of leveling the informational playing field, at least during the initial years after mandatory adoption.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":14983668,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2088153744","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1809822","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"There is a long and involved history of linkages starting at least in the nineteenth century with the advent of complicated and intricate mechanical engineering. Some of these practical problems led to interesting, nontrivial geometric problems, and in modern mathematics there has been significant progress on even very basic questions. Over the years, several different points of view have been taken by various groups of people. We will attempt to survey these different perspectives and results obtained in the exploration of linkages.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":11893912,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"200209474","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1201\/9781420035315.ch9","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/www.cs.cmu.edu\/afs\/cs\/user\/glmiller\/public\/computational-geometry\/15-852-F08\/RelatedWork\/PolyLinkages.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Diverse studies were performed in order to investigate the behavior of the platinum-group minerals (PGM) in the weathering cycle in the Bushveld Complex of South Africa and the Great Dyke of Zimbabwe. Samples were obtained underground, from core, in surface outcrops, and from alluvial sediments in rivers draining the intrusions. The investigations applied conventional mineralogical methods (reflected light microscopy) complemented by modern techniques (scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mineral liberation analysis (MLA), electron-probe microanalysis (EPMA), and LA-ICPMS analysis). This review aims at combining the findings to a coherent model also with respect to the debate regarding allogenic versus authigenic origin of placer PGM. In the pristine sulfide ores, the PGE are present as discrete PGM, dominantly PGE-bismuthotellurides, -sulfides, -arsenides, -sulfarsenides, and -alloys, and substantial though variable proportions of Pd and Rh are hosted in pentlandite. Pt\u2013Fe alloys, sperrylite, and most PGE-sulfides survive the weathering of the ores, whereas the base metal sulfides and the (Pt,Pd)-bismuthotellurides are destroyed, and ill-defined (Pt,Pd)-oxides or -hydroxides develop. In addition, elevated contents of Pt and Pd are located in Fe\/Mn\/Co-oxides\/hydroxides and smectites. In the placers, the PGE-sulfides experience further modification, whereas sperrylite largely remains a stable phase, and grains of Pt\u2013Fe alloys and native Pt increase in relative proportion. In the Bushveld\/Great Dyke case, the main impact of weathering on the PGM assemblages is destruction of the unstable PGM and PGE-carriers of the pristine ores and of the intermediate products of the oxidized ores. Dissolution and redistribution of PGE is taking place, however, the newly-formed products are thin films, nano-sized particles, small crystallites, or rarely \u00b5m-sized grains primarily on substrates of precursor detrital\/allogenic PGM grains, and they are of subordinate significance. In the Bushveld\/Great Dyke scenario, and in all probability universally, authigenic growth and formation of discrete, larger PGM crystals or nuggets in the supergene environment plays no substantial role, and any proof of PGM \"neoformation\" in a grand style is missing. The final PGM suite which survived the weathering process en route from sulfide ores via oxidized ores into placers results from the continuous elimination of unstable PGM and the dispersion of soluble PGE. Therefore, the alluvial PGM assemblage represents a PGM rest spectrum of residual, detrital grains.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":134758668,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2905199984","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/MIN8120581","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The last few decades have seen a profound transformation of innovation project management within automobile firms. During the 1990s, the product development phase was revolutionized by the deployment of heavyweight project management, project portfolio processes, and platform strategies. The 2000s saw the forces of change move upstream in the innovation process, with the development of new methodologies intended to develop and orient creativity, as well as new upfront units acting as innovation labs. However, many upfront creative endeavors still encounter an innovation valley of death when they move into the rigid and risk-averse development phase. Thus, the frontier of innovative project organization seems to be the ongoing quest to reconcile the emergence of breakthrough innovations in the upfront phase with the more rationalized nature of development phases. Based on a case study of a disruptive low-cost car, this article analyzes how the product development phase can support innovative exploration to overcome the challenge of achieving a major cost breakthrough. We analyze the specific content of the project's innovations (fractal innovation) and the management practices and organizations used to implement them. We characterize how such innovative product development can contribute to a new economy of innovative effort within the global innovation funnel of the firm. We compare this global innovation process, where development projects play a major role as a locus for organizational learning, to the customary one in automotive firms, where learning happens essentially in front-end marketing and engineering departments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":198481703,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2956121386","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/8756972819857881","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Recurrence of Crohn's disease (CD) is extremely frequent after surgery and its prevention remains a fundamental problem in the medical management of these patients. As of today, none of the medications traditionally used to treat the spontaneous disease (i.e. mesalamine, steroids, immunosuppressives and antibiotics) has shown a clear benefit. Recent data, coming from our center and from a small RCT do indicate that infliximab is extremely effective in preventing this complication in the large majority of patients. While additional, larger studies may be desirable, the strength and consistency of the available data suggest that future trials may merely confirm these observations. A number of issues however remain to be solved and include the long term strategy in patients treated for years with infliximab, whether treating early endoscopic lesions may be as effective as preventing them and whether immunosuppressives should be used together with infliximab. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms by which infliximab appears so effective in the postoperative setting may provide us with essential information regarding patients' management and, ultimately, highlight the molecular mechanisms at the very basis of Crohn's disease.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":9040381,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1531368739","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2174\/138945010790309920","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In thIs ISSUE Dmitry Medvedev has refused to pardon the former oil magnate Mikhail Khodorkovsky, jailed for various white-collar crimes, following a meeting of the president's Human Rights Council. The council had recommended that Khodorkovsky be pardoned because his trial was not fair. The president said he refused the pardon because Khodorkovsky had not asked for clemency, though an appeal for clemency usually means admitting guilt. The council will raise the issue again at a meeting with Mr Medvedev on April 28.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":219618470,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A difficulty in robot action learning is that robots do not know where to attend when observing action demonstration. Inspired by human parent-infant interaction, we suggest that parental action demonstration to infants, called motionese, can scaffold robot learning as well as infants'. Since infants' knowledge about the context is limited, which is comparable to robots, parents are supposed to properly guide their attention by emphasizing the important aspects of the action. Our analysis employing a bottom-up attention model revealed that motionese has the effects of highlighting the initial and final states of the action, indicating significant state changes in it, and underlining the properties of objects used in the action. Suppression and addition of parents' body movement and their frequent social signals to infants produced these effects. Our findings are discussed toward designing robots that can take advantage of parental teaching.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":10949985,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2113244983","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TAMD.2009.2021090","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The current study investigated whether having a first-degree relative with dementia influenced older adults' self-reported memory, if personality traits moderated these associations, and whether these associations differed by the type of item asked (ie, frequency of memory problems vs perceived memory decline). Data drawn from the Einstein Aging study included 454 older adults (M age = 76.64, standard deviation = 4.77, 66.96% white, and 63% female). Multilevel modeling analyses showed participants who had a first-degree relative with dementia reported more frequent memory problems and were more likely to report memory decline over the past year. Among participants with a first-degree relative with dementia, higher levels of neuroticism were related to reports of more frequent memory problems at baseline, whereas higher levels of conscientiousness and lower levels of extraversion were related to reports of more frequent memory problems over time. Future research should consider personality traits and family history of dementia as potential contributors to self-reported memory problems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":212677879,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3012016169","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/1533317519899792","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1533317519899792","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The pollen morphology of 48 specimens of 6 species (9 taxa) of the genus Achillea L. sect. Achillea (Asteraceae), A. nobilis L. subsp. neilreichii (A.Kern.) Formanek, A. nobilis subsp. densissima (O.Schwarz ex Bassler) Hub.-Mor., A. nobilis subsp. sipylea (O.Schwarz) Bassler, A. nobilis subsp. kurdica Hub.-Mor., A. filipendulina Lam., A. clypeolata Sm., A. coarctata Poir., A. biebersteinii Afan., and A. cappadocica Hausskn. & Bornm. distributed in Turkey were investigated using light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The pollen grains were oblate-spheroidal, prolate-spheroidal, subprolate and generally tricolporate, though at times tetracolporate or even pentacolporate. The size of the grains varied, ranging from 17.6 to 57.5 \u00b5m on the polar axis mean and from 19.7 to 55.2 \u00b5m on the equatorial axis mean. Their outline is oval, compressed oval, or circular in the meridional optical section and trilobulate or sometimes tetralobullate in the polar optical section. The structure of the exine is double tectate and mean exine thickness varied from 3 to 8.5 \u00b5m. The pollen ornamentations are echinate in LM and echinate-microperforate and echinate-rugulate-microperforate in SEM. In conclusion, the species examined showed substantial variation in pollen characteristics, at both the interspecific and intraspecific levels.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":83056641,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1550166246","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3906\/BOT-1005-23","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary A comparative study was conducted in elderly subjects with mild bronchial asthma to investigate the clinical usefulness of monotherapy with a leukotriene receptor antagonist in comparison to an inhaled corticosteroid. A total of 41 elderly patients aged 65 years or older with mild bronchial asthma, classified as being in severity step 1 and 2, were randomly assigned to the following two treatment groups: a pranlukast (CAS 103177-37-3, Onon) treatment group of 21 patients and an inhaled corticosteroid treatment group of 20 patients. Patients of the former group received pranlukast 450 mg daily and those of the latter group received fluticasone (CAS 90566-53-3) 200 \u00b5g daily for eight weeks. In the reference group, one patient was found to suffer from oral candidiasis 4 weeks after the start of the study. Therefore the evaluation was conducted on the remaining 19 participants. The evaluation parameters examined were obtained by keeping an asthma diary, determinations of PEF (peek expiratory flow), use frequency of \u03b22 stimulants, changes in symptom scores, and medication compliance. Further, measured before and after therapy were the ratio of peripheral blood eosinophils counts, serum ECP (eosinophils cationic protein), ECP levels induced sputum, and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1.0). As a result, in the time-course changes of symptoms scores and morning PEF, swift improvement was noted in the pranlukast group. Further, in the variables such as use frequency of \u03b22 stimulants, serum ECP levels, ECP levels induced sputum, and FEV1.0, an almost comparable level of improvement to the fluticasone group was demonstrated. From the above results, it was deemed that in elderly patients with mild bronchial asthma classified as steps 1 and 2, the pranlukast monotherapy, with superior medication compliance to inhaled therapy, would produce an equivalent level of clinical efficacy to the monotherapy with inhaled corticosteroid (fluticasone 200 \u00b5g daily)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":22089454,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2323503900","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1296588","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Pathogenic bacteria possess a great potential of causing infectious diseases and represent a serious threat to human and animal health. Understanding the molecular basis of infection development can provide new valuable strategies for disease prevention and better control. In host\u2010pathogen interactions, actin\u2010cytoskeletal dynamics play a crucial role in the successful adherence, invasion, and intracellular motility of many intruding microbial pathogens. Cortactin, a major cellular factor that promotes actin polymerization and other functions, appears as a central regulator of host\u2010pathogen interactions and different human diseases including cancer development. Various important microbes have been reported to hijack cortactin signaling during infection. The primary regulation of cortactin appears to proceed via serine and\/or tyrosine phosphorylation events by upstream kinases, acetylation, and interaction with various other host proteins, including the Arp2\/3 complex, filamentous actin, the actin nucleation promoting factor N\u2010WASP, focal adhesion kinase FAK, the large GTPase dynamin\u20102, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav2, and the actin\u2010stabilizing protein CD2AP. Given that many signaling factors can affect cortactin activities, several microbes target certain unique pathways, while also sharing some common features. Here we review our current knowledge of the hallmarks of cortactin as a major target for eminent Gram\u2010negative and Gram\u2010positive bacterial pathogens in humans.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":253627851,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/mmi.15002","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1111\/mmi.15002","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Television pioneer John Logie Baird, a Scot from Helensburgh near Glasgow, described in his 1928 British patent No. 285,738 a honeycomb bundle of hollow metal tubes or thin solid rods of various types of glass. The tubes or rods were to be used for dissecting optical images in order to allow an ordered scanning of the dissected image pieces in a T.V. transmitter. Each tube or rod carried one small piece of the total image. The dissected image light passed along the tube or rod length, remaining inside the solid rods by internal reflection. By using hollow tubes Baird could also transmit all wavelengths of infra-red as well as visible light. By using hollow metal tubes Baird had ready made waveguides for the control of centimetric or millimetric radio waves. Baird's tube bundles would appear in publications of 1926, as part of the world's first military infra-red night vision units. The 1926 apparatus used on infra-red searchlight to illuminate the target, the reflected rays were dissected, scanned in a desired pattern and then converted into visible images by Baird's T.V. unit which was called a NOCTOVISOR (night vision). The range of the unit was stated as being 25 miles.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110563654,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2063713761","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1117\/12.960980","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"CuInS2 thin film used for photovoltaic applications was prepared by one-step electrodeposition. The films were annealed at different temperatures of 350, 400, 500 \u00b0C. Effects of annealing temperatures on the properties of the film were investigated by the way of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis-NIR Spectroscopy. The result shows that CuInS2 film with chalcopyrite structure can be successfully prepared by one-step electrodeposition. Annealing is effective in improving the crystallinity of the thin film. The temperature of 400\u00b0C is favorable to the grain growth of the film without the generation of impurity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136601413,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2032296126","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.150-151.530","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Multicores are becoming ubiquitous, not only in general-purpose but also embedded computing. This trend is a reflexion of contemporary embedded applications posing steadily increasing demands in processing power. On such platforms, prediction of timing behavior to ensure that deadlines of real-time tasks can be met is becoming increasingly difficult. While real-time multicore scheduling approaches help to assure deadlines based on firm theoretical properties, their reliance on task migration poses a significant challenge to timing predictability in practice. Task migration actually (a) reduces timing predictability for contemporary multicores due to cache warm-up overheads while (b) increasing traffic on the network-on-chip (NoC) interconnect.\n This paper puts forth a fundamentally new approach to increase the timing predictability of multicore architectures aimed at task migration in embedded environments. A task migration between two cores imposes cache warm-up overheads on the migration target, which can lead to missed deadlines for tight real-time schedules. We propose novel micro-architectural support to migrate cache lines. Our scheme shows dramatically increased predictability in the presence of cross-core migration.\n Experimental results for schedules demonstrate that our scheme enables real-time tasks to meet their deadlines in the presence of task migration. Our results illustrate that increases in execution time due to migration is reduced by our scheme to levels that may prevent deadline misses of real-time tasks that would otherwise occur. Our mechanism imposes an overhead at a fraction of the task's execution time, yet this overhead can be steered to fill idle slots in the schedule, i.e., it does not contribute to the execution time of the migrated task. Overall, our novel migration scheme provides a unique mechanism capable of significantly increasing timing predictability in the wake of task migration.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":1544054,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2115998372","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/1542452.1542464","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this study, an investigation of the steady 2-D magnetohydrodynamiic (MHD) flow of stagnation point past a nonlinear sheet of stretching\/shrinking within of a non-uniform transverse magnetic intensity in nanofluids had been analysed. Considered material of nanoparticles such as copper (Cu) in water base fluid with Pr = 6.2 to analyze the influence of volume fraction parameter of nanoparticles and the stretching\/shrinking sheet parameter. The governing nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) are converted in to the nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and use the boundary value problem solver bvp4c in Matlab program to solve numerically through the use of a similarity transformation. The impact of the parameter of the magnetic field on the coefficient of skin friction, the local number of Nusselt and the profiles of velocity and temperature are portrayed and explained physically. The analysis reveals that the magnetic field and volume fraction of nanoparticles affect the velocity and temperature. The dual solutions are achieved where for the shrinking sheet case and the solutions are non-unique, different from a stretching sheet.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":228994154,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3094777053","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.37934\/arfmts.76.3.139152","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/www.akademiabaru.com\/submit\/index.php\/arfmts\/article\/download\/1647\/636","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Unregistered fishing boats and those displaying fake registration numbers is being used for criminal activities in the coastal areas. Recent terrorist attacks in Mumbai and the warnings from the intelligence agencies necessitate tamper-proof Holographic Registration Plates with GPRS (HRPG) networking system on all sea going vessels to augment the coastal security. The (HRPG) networking system which includes several security features is a regular reflective tetrahedron in shape, designed with holographic, laser etched and embossed security features to protect against forgery. The system comprises of a GPRS (General Packet Radio Services) and GPS (Global Positioning System), along with a micro-chip containing the whole information regarding the vessels and sailors\/fisherman. The location and identity of the seagoing vessels can be easily traced and tracked out by the enforcement authority. The paper reports in details about the Hologram preparation, related design considerations and it advantages.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":22871999,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2135186693","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICUMT.2009.5345469","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Copyright promotes creativity. Copyright hinders creativity. These statements reflect the contested nature of copyright, today more than ever before. The last twenty years have seen rapid advancements in digital technologies and information and communication systems. These advancements have had profound effects on creative activities: the process of production, dissemination, exploitation and consumption of creative output has changed; opportunities for novel ways and forms of creation, representation and manipulation of information have arisen; and, the attitudes and behaviour of creators and consumers of creative output and a host of intermediary participants in the process have transformed. As a result, copyright law has faced considerable and persistent practical challenges in adapting its contours to the digital environment. More importantly, the role of copyright, as a framework for regulating creative activities, has also come under scrutiny. What then is the role of copyright law in the everyday context of new and emerging creative activities -- that are borne out of the very copying and distribution technologies that have challenged copyright? How do the creative practitioners involved in such activities relate to copyright law? This chapter explores the interaction between copyright and the everyday life of artists in the digital environment. It focuses on the role of copyright in the every day context of a specific creative activity: digital art practice. It draws upon the findings from a qualitative empirical study, consisting of in-depth interviews with digital artists in the UK and Ireland, to peer 'through the looking glass' at the perspectives and practices of digital artists and finds 'a messy wonderland of copyright in action'. A wonderland where: artists challenge and resist the law's default positions and policy's dominant presumptions, artists are informed and influenced by multiple elements and contextual factors in their process of meaning-making and decision making about copyright, and, artists face moral dilemmas and are pulled in different directions with respect to their perspectives and decisions regarding copyright.Section II of this chapter contextualizes the study and outlines the methodology employed. Section III and IV presents some of the findings from the study to demonstrate how the interviewees were challenging ownership and valuing authorship and illustrate how a variety of factors influenced the artists' understandings around copyright. Section V provides concluding remarks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":108686148,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1852937539","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/SSRN.2121338","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The range of content and services on the Internet, the diversity of terminals and the heterogeneity of network technologies to access these services make it a necessity to implement some means to adapt both content and services to meet the needs of the communication environment of the service consumer. An adaptation management framework to support content\/service adaptation will take away the complexity of the delivery of compound services from the user and content\/service provider. This paper introduces such a context-aware content\/service adaptation management framework which uses knowledge-based semantic Web and Web service technologies to facilitate the interoperability between the different technologies and domains involved in content\/service adaptation, e.g. the user's context, the content\/service and the available adaptation tools. This work, being part of Mobile VCE (MVCE) Ubiquitous Services project, advances the knowledge-based approaches by, firstly, proposing a distributed architecture for such a framework to accelerate its real-world deployment, and secondly, providing mechanisms for adaptation decision making and adaptation tools selection. This paper provides an overview of the framework architecture and outlines the functionalities of its constituent components, i.e. Adaptation Manager and Content Adaptor, as well as the communication mechanisms applied.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":116040735,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2719492798","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Twenty-six patients aged 45 or over at the time of surgical repair of a secundum atrial septal defect have been reviewed with the object of assessing the value of the operation. Pre-operatively 12 were classed as grade IIIA or worse on the basis of their symptoms. There were six deaths in the series, three early and three late. The remaining 20 patients were improved as judged by symptoms, physical examination, and radiographic and electrocardiographic criteria. In 11 patients catheterized pre- and post-operatively, it was found that the pulmonary arterial pressure had fallen following the repair, reaching normal levels in nine. It is concluded that surgical repair of secundum atrial septal defects is of material benefit to patients of this age-group.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":5814187,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2014956000","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/thx.24.5.536","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/thorax.bmj.com\/content\/thoraxjnl\/24\/5\/536.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Stratal patterns of the Middle Ordovician Hagan K-bentonite complex and associated rocks show that the Black River\u2013Trenton unconformity in the North American midcontinent formed through the complex interplay of eustasy, sediment accumulation rates, siliciclastic influx, bathymetry, seawater chemistry, and perhaps local tectonic uplift. The unconformity is diachronous and is an amalgamated surface that resulted from local late Turinian lowstand exposure followed by regional early Chatfieldian transgressive drowning and sediment starvation. The duration of the unconformity is greatest in southern Wisconsin, northern Illinois, and northern Indiana, where the Deicke and Millbrig K-bentonite Beds converge at the unconformity. On the basis of published isotopic ages for the Deicke and Millbrig beds, it is possible that in these regions erosion and nondeposition spanned a period of as much as 3.2 m.y. Two broad coeval depositional settings are recognized within the North American midcontinent during early Chatfieldian time. (1) An inner shelf, subtidal facies of fossiliferous shale (Spechts Ferry Shale Member and Ion Shale Member of the Decorah Formation) and argillaceous lime mudstone and skeletal wackestone (Guttenberg and Kings Lake Limestone Members) extended from the Canadian shield and Transcontinental arch southeastward through Minnesota, Wisconsin, Iowa, and Missouri. (2) A seaward, relatively deep subtidal, sediment-starved, middle shelf extended eastward from the Mississippi Valley region to the Taconian foreland basins in the central and southern Appalachians and southward through the pericratonic Arkoma and Black Warrior basins. In the inner shelf region, the Black River\u2013Trenton unconformity is a composite of at least two prominent hardground omission surfaces, one at the top of the Castlewood and Carimona Limestone Members and the other at the top of the Guttenberg and Kings Lake Limestone Members, both merging to a single surface in the middle shelf region. The inner and middle shelves redeveloped later in approximately the same regions during Devonian and Mississippian time.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":129542951,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1863946864","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(1998)110<0723:NARSOU>2.3.CO;2","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Computational investigation of the longest wavelength excitations in a series of cyanines and linear n-acenes is undertaken with the use of standard spin-conserving linear response time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) as well as its spin-flip variant and a \u0394SCF method based on the ensemble DFT. The spin-conserving linear response TD-DFT fails to accurately reproduce the lowest excitation energy in these \u03c0-conjugated systems by strongly overestimating the excitation energies of cyanines and underestimating the excitation energies of n-acenes. The spin-flip TD-DFT is capable of correcting the underestimation of excitation energies of n-acenes by bringing in the non-dynamic electron correlation into the ground state; however, it does not fully correct for the overestimation of the excitation energies of cyanines, for which the non-dynamic correlation does not seem to play a role. The ensemble DFT method employed in this work is capable of correcting for the effect of missing non-dynamic correlation in the ground state of n-acenes and for the deficient description of differential correlation effects between the ground and excited states of cyanines and yields the excitation energies of both types of extended \u03c0-conjugated systems with the accuracy matching high-level ab initio multireference calculations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":22210060,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1964178020","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1063\/1.4887087","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Huge volumes of opinion-rich data is user-generated in social media at an unprecedented rate, easing the analysis of individual and public sentiments. Sentiment analysis has shown to be useful in probing and understanding emotions, expressions and attitudes in the text. However, the distinct characteristics of social media data present challenges to traditional sentiment analysis. First, social media data is often noisy, incomplete and fast-evolved which necessitates the design of a sophisticated learning model. Second, sentiment labels are hard to collect which further exacerbates the problem by not being able to discriminate sentiment polarities. Meanwhile, opportunities are also unequivocally presented. Social media contains rich sources of sentiment signals in textual terms and user interactions, which could be helpful in sentiment analysis. While there are some attempts to leverage implicit sentiment signals in positive user interactions, little attention is paid on signed social networks with both positive and negative links. The availability of signed social networks motivates us to investigate if negative links also contain useful sentiment signals. In this paper, we study a novel problem of unsupervised sentiment analysis with signed social networks. In particular, we incorporate explicit sentiment signals in textual terms and implicit sentiment signals from signed social networks into a coherent model SignedSenti for unsupervised sentiment analysis. Empirical experiments on two real-world datasets corroborate its effectiveness.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":8543975,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2604224609","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v31i1.11008","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/ojs.aaai.org\/index.php\/AAAI\/article\/download\/11008\/10867","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Community based health insurance (CBHI) is more suited than alternate arrangements to providing health insurance to the low-income people living in developing countries. The universal health insurance scheme, launched recently by the Prime Minister of India, is only one of the forms that CBHI can take. While analysing the proposed scheme, we examine alternate forms of CBHI schemes prevalent in the country.The development of private health insurance market in the country will not leave the poor unaffected. Insurance sector reform can affect the poor through its effect on the provision of health services (i.e., cost, quality and access) used by the low-income people as well as through its access to financing of health care. In this paper we also explore how insurance sector reforms alter health insurance prospects facing the poor in India, and what changes on the health front affecting the poor have happened or are likely to happen as a result of insurance sector reforms. We conclude that in diverse settings of India all forms of CBHI have a role to play and therefore need to be encouraged by the government through appropriate interventions. Formal insurance providers can also be reigned to serve low-in comepopulation. At the same time, developments in formal health insurance market need to be guided so as to minimise cost escalation of health care provision","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":155501236,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1543999091","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Drawing on 251 incident reports, this study explores American football fans' decisions to rush the field to celebrate a victory despite pleas from university officials and the police to abstain. We explore the symbolic interactions through which students defined this situation and acted within it. Our findings characterize this event as series of ongoing interactions wherein meaning and action are continually (re)negotiated. Campus rumors normalized the act of rushing by locating it and the student role within local tradition. Through interactions with other students in the stadium and by drawing on knowledge of prior sports tragedies, fans assessed the risks of participating and selected among lines of action ranging from \"going to be with others\" and \"getting out of the way\" to \"going with the flow.\" Ultimately, however, public address announcements, the loss of bodily control, and the inability to direct other people's actions aligned competing definitions of the situation into one of emergency. We con...","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":151866590,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2515472549","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1123\/SSJ.2015-0107","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A series of N-[2(dimethylamino)-2-iminoethanimidoyl-2-phenoxyacetamide derivatives have been synthesized by reaction of Metformin, Chloroacetyl chloride and an appropriate Phenol. Structures of these compounds were established by IR, 1H NMR. All the compounds were evaluated for their Anti-diabetic activity. Fasting blood sugar level was estimated on hours 0,2,4,6 and 24 from rat tail vein using glucometer. Data was statistically analysed by Dunnett's test. Metformin derivatives of Phenol PHE-9, PHE-5 and PHE-6 produced a time dependent decrease in blood glucose level significantly compared to Metformin. However, this study shows hypoglycaemic action of Metformin.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":54746483,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2185082845","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this work, we consider the problem of building an efficient data structure for range selection queries. While there are several theoretical solutions to the problem, only a few have been tried out, and there is little idea on how the others would perform. The computation model used in this paper is the RAM model with word-size $\\Theta(\\log n)$. Our data structure is a practical linear space data structure that supports range selection queries in $O(\\log n)$ time with $O(n\\log n)$ preprocessing time. DOI : http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.11591\/telkomnika.v12i3.3629 Full Text: PDF","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":58871067,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2082222682","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.11591\/TELKOMNIKA.V12I3.3629","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Through the constantly increasing imaging quality and utilization of chest computed tomography (CT) are radiologists routinely confronted with incidental findings reflecting potential (preclinical) manifestations of cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and osteoporosis. However, the exact prognostic value of these incidental imaging findings and whether reporting of these findings will finally lead to patient benefit is not clear yet. This initiated the start of the PROgnostic Value of unrequested Information in Diagnostic Imaging (PROVIDI) study. PROVIDI is a retrospective multicenter cohort study comprising 23 443 subjects, aged \u2265 40 years who underwent routine clinical chest CT scanning between 2002 and 2005 for various diagnostic indications. We investigated whether certain incidental findings detected on diagnostic chest CTs contribute to the prediction of CVD and COPD. Incidental coronary artery calcifications, thoracic aorta calcifications, cardiac valve calcifications as well as cardiovascular diameter measurements were all significantly and independently related to future CVD events. Additionally, a simple CVD event risk score incorporating this information on cardiovascular features embedded in diagnostic chest CT, was developed and validated. This risk score was conceived from the perspective of the radiologists enabling accurate stratification of individuals into clinically relevant risk categories used in current CVD guidelines. Besides age and gender no other conventional risk factors were included in the risk score, since in general these patient characteristics are not available to the radiologist. Nevertheless, we would like to stress that extensive literature has clearly documented the uncertainty of risk scores based on conventional risk factors, because conventional risk factors are mere a surrogate for atherosclerosis. The CT based risk score as presented in this thesis is based on direct measures of atherosclerosis, providing a novel strategy and adequate estimation of CVD risk irrespective of the conventional risk factor status. Furthermore, morphologic correlates of COPD, such as emphysema and airway thickening, detected on CT scans obtained for other indications, demonstrated to be related to future hospitalization or death due to acute exacerbations of COPD. As for many people, however, information on these prognostically valuable metrics of CVD and COPD are 'freely' available since chest CT has developed into a very common imaging modality in the evaluation of (suspected) thoracic disease. With over 350.000 chest CTs performed annually in the Netherlands, diagnostic clinical CT scans offer a great opportunity to detect individuals at high-risk for CVD and COPD at an early stage, and hence better target these subjects for more tailored treatments based on incidental information embedded in routine diagnostic chest CTs in a clinical care population. This type of 'collateral information' obtained by chest CT can stimulate the start of prevention measures in subjects not recognized as high-risk by current risk algorithms. However, to state with confidence that utilization of incidental cardiovascular CT findings is cost-effective and effectuates improve in CVD outcome, a prospective randomized multicenter trial should be performed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":68067548,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"49608853","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Book description: From a boom in theatrical features to footage posted on websites such as YouTube and Google Video, the early years of the 21st century have witnessed significant changes in the technological, commercial, aesthetic, political, and social dimensions of documentaries on film, television and the web. In response to these rapid developments, this book rethinks the notion of documentary, in terms of theory, practice and object\/s of study. Drawing together 26 original essays from scholars and practitioners, it critically assesses ideas and constructions of documentary and, where necessary, proposes new tools and arguments with which to examine this complex and shifting terrain. Covering a range of media output, the book is divided into four sections: * Critical perspectives on documentary forms and concepts * The changing faces of documentary production * Contemporary documentary: borders, neighbours and disputed territories Digital and online documentaries: opportunities and limitations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":140916824,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"159744832","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Conducting core\u2013shell latex nanoparticles were synthesized by coating near\u2013monodisperse, nanometer sized water\u2013based polyurethane (PU) latex nanoparticles through in situ chemical polymerization of aniline. These latex nanoparticles showed nearly spherical shape and relatively narrow particle size distribution. It is found that good core\u2013shell structure of latex nanoparticles could be well formed due to the interaction between the carboxyl groups of PU and imine groups of polyaniline (PANI), and the conductivity of the composite films can be controlled through adjusting the weight ratio of aniline monomer and PU latex.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137173510,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2050659515","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.306-307.1296","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Between October 2002 and January 2003, geophysical logging was conducted in six boreholes at the Berks Sand Pit Superfund Site, Longswamp Township, Berks County, Pa., to determine (1) the waterproducing zones, water-receiving zones, zones of vertical borehole flow, orientation of fractures, and borehole and casing depth; and (2) the hydraulic interconnection between the six boreholes and the site extraction well. The boreholes range in depth from 61 to 270 feet. Geophysical logging included collection of caliper, natural-gamma, single-point-resistance, fluid-temperature, fluid-flow, and acoustic-televiewer logs. Caliper and acoustic-televiewer logs were used to locate fractures, joints, and weathered zones. Inflections on fluid-temperature and single-point-resistance logs indicated possible water-bearing fractures, and flowmeter measurements verified these locations. Single-point-resistance, natural-gamma, and geologist logs provided information on stratigraphy. Flowmeter measurements were conducted while the site extraction well was pumping and when it was inactive to determine the hydraulic connections between the extraction well and the boreholes. Borehole geophysical logging and heatpulse flowmetering indicate active flow in the boreholes. Two of the boreholes are in ground-water discharge areas, two boreholes are in ground-water recharge areas, and one borehole is in an intermediate regime. Flow was not determined in one borehole. Heatpulse flowmetering, in conjunction with the geologist logs, indicates highly weathered zones in the granitic gneiss can be permeable and effective transmitters of water, confirming the presence of a two-tiered ground-water-flow system. The effort to determine a hydraulic connection between the site extraction well and six logged boreholes was not conclusive. Three boreholes showed decreases in depth to water after pumping of the site extraction well; in two boreholes, the depth to water increased. One borehole was cased its entire depth and was not revisited after it was logged by the caliper log. Substantial change in flow rates or direction of borehole flow was not observed in any of the three wells logged with the heatpulse flowmeter when the site extraction well was pumping and when it was inactive.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":129612168,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1541957309","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3133\/OFR03399","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A mail survey of feedlot owners was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic antimicrobials, given in the water, or in the ration at preventing illness and\/or death. One hundred and twenty-seven farmers from southwestern Ontario collaborated in the study. The percentage of calves requiring individual antimicrobial treatment, for any reason within 28 days of arrival was 22.6% (median 17.8%) and 0.6% (median 0.2%) died in that period. The use of medicated starter rations was not associated with either treatment or mortality rates until the effects of a number of other variables were controlled, analytically. Thereafter, the use of medicated feed was associated with a decrease in mortality rate, but was unrelated to morbidity rate. Overall, the use of medicated water was not associated with treatment or mortality rates. The use of sulphonamides was associated with decreased morbidity, but increased mortality rates. After controlling, analytically using multiple regression, the effects of other variables, the use of medicated water was associated with a significant increase in mortality rates. The other major factors which influenced mortality rates were the number of calves per group, the number of subgroups of calves in each group and whether the group contained cattle from different sources; all were related to increased mortality rates. During a two year period, more feedlot owners appeared to be using medicated rations as opposed to medicated water, as a means of providing antimicrobials to their newly arrived calves.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":23755403,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Thorpe, A., Miles, J., Masselink, G., Russell, P., 2014. Bedform Dynamics in a Rip Current, Proceedings 13th International Coastal Symposium (Durban, South Africa), Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 70, pp. 700\u2013705, ISSN 0749-0208. A Sand Ripple Profiler (SRP) was deployed in a rip channel on a dissipative sandy beach to measure bedform height (\u0394), length (\u03bb) and migration rate (Mr) throughout a macro-tidal cycle. Data were collected in significant wave heights ranging from 0.5 m to 2.1 m and water depths of between 0.9 m and 7.4 m. Periods when the rip current was active were identified by comparing measured cross-shore velocity (U) with predicted cross-shore velocity from a bed return flow model. Rip flow was found to commence when offshore velocities reached approximately 0.1 m\/s, maximum rip velocity as a 5 minute mean was 0.74 m\/s. At lower tidal elevations (h < 2.5 m), in the strong offshore flow of the rip current megaripples were found to migrate offshore (Mr = 0\u20134 cm\/min). When migration occurred in a rip current migration rates were correlated with U with the highest migration rates found in the strongest flows. In non-rip current conditions megaripples exhibited two types of migration behaviour; (1) migrating onshore at a maximum rate of 2.1 cm\/min when h was in the range of 2.5 m to 5 m and wave skewness was high and (2) megaripples were stable when mean flows and skewness were low, this occurred at higher tidal elevations when h > 5m.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":2,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":41241392,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2182846847","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2112\/SI70-118.1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background\/Aims: Subjective memory complaint (SMC) in normal individuals may predict future cognitive decline. The goal of this study was to examine whether the probability of decline increases with growing intensity of complaint. Methods: Normal subjects over the age of 50 years were included in a longitudinal retrospective study (mean follow-up time = 8 years). All subjects (n = 230) underwent cognitive and medical examination at baseline. The presence of SMC was determined based on Global Deterioration Scale staging. A subgroup of 83 participants also received baseline assessment for the intensity of SMC. Logistic regression was used to predict outcome from baseline variables. Three outcome groups were established at the final visit: nondeclining, declining and diagnostically unstable (i.e. the diagnosis changed over time: from normal to mild cognitive impairment, then back to normal). Results: The presence of SMC was a predictor of future decline but also increased the likelihood of the unstable diagnosis. Increasing intensity of SMC did not further raise the risk for decline. High intensity of complaints and more pronounced affective symptoms predicted the unstable clinical diagnosis. Conclusions: The presence of SMC contributes to the risk of future decline, however, the increasing intensity of the perceived impairment does not further enhance the risk.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":1089892,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1987033987","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1159\/000105604","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose \n \n \n \n \nMaximum residual limits (MRLs) for pesticides are based on science. This is true both for MRLs devised by national governments and multilaterally through the Codex. Science-based Codex MRLs are internationally harmonized to facilitate trade. Since the 1990s, an increasing number of countries have devised national MRLs and eschewed those of the Codex. These differing national standards are becoming important barriers to trade. The purpose of this paper is to explore the ramifications of these diverging MRLs for food security, investigate the reasons for the rise of national standards, and explore the role of science in regulatory processes. \n \n \n \n \nDesign\/methodology\/approach \n \n \n \n \nThe approach is an examination of the scientific basis for MRLs in the context of food safety outcomes. \n \n \n \n \nFindings \n \n \n \n \nIt finds that there is no improvement in food safety from the move to national MRLs, only a loss of the benefits of trade. As all countries, along with the Codex, claim that their MRLs are based on science, suggesting that there is a need for an examination of the role of science in the making of public policy. \n \n \n \n \nOriginality\/value \n \n \n \n \nThis study identifies a potential risk to food security for food policy makers. Given future food security challenges and that pesticides are used almost universally in conventional agriculture, trade barriers based on divergent interpretations of science need to be addressed by food policy makers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":169858825,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2788509855","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1108\/BFJ-05-2017-0291","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: It is well established that oxidative stress and antioxidant defense of our body is associated with diabetes mellitus. Researchers have used different methods for estimation of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense, all of which have been criticized because of their limitations. Highly sophisticated methods are also not feasible in most of the clinical laboratories. The current study was aimed to estimate Total Oxidative Stress (TOS) and Total Antioxidant Defense (TAD) levels in plasma in patients with diabetes mellitus by two simple colorimetric tests developed and standardized in our laboratory and to find out their relationship with the fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels. \nMethods and Findings: Plasma TOS and TAD levels and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured, in sixty two recently diagnosed diabetic patients and compared with similar number of healthy volunteers as controls. The TOS values in patients (28.35 \u00b1 11.21 mM of H2O2\/l) are significantly higher (P<0.001) than that in the control group (11.01 \u00b1 4.55 mM of H2O2\/l) whereas the TAD values of patients (113.71 \u00b1 100.98 mM\/l equivalent of trolox) are significantly (Z<0.001) less than that of the controls (338.87 \u00b1 167.34 mM\/l equivalent of trolox). There is a significant positive correlation of FBG levels with TOS (r=0.269, P=0.034, Figure 3) and a significant negative correlation with TAD values(r=-0.267, P=0.036, Figure 4). \nConclusions: The present study further reveals that diabetes mellitus is associated with oxidative stress. Plasma total oxidative stress and antioxidant defense is well correlated with FBG levels. Future study containing measurement of TOS and TAD values in plasma or in other body fluids can be conducted using these simple colorimetric and cost-effective methods even in a small clinical laboratory.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":13487777,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2179949403","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Active contours are widely used in image segmentation. To cope with missing or misleading features in images, researchers have introduced various ways to model the prior of shapes and use the prior to constrain active contours. However, the shape prior is usually learnt from a large set of annotated data, which is not always accessible in practice. Moreover, it is often doubted that the existing shapes in the training set will be sufficient to model the new instance in the testing image. In this paper, we propose to use the group similarity of object shapes in multiple images as a prior to aid segmentation, which can be interpreted as an unsupervised approach of shape prior modeling. We show that the rank of the matrix consisting of multiple shapes is a good measure of the group similarity of the shapes, and the nuclear norm minimization is a simple and effective way to impose the proposed constraint on existing active contour models. Moreover, we develop a fast algorithm to solve the proposed model by using the accelerated proximal method. Experiments using echocardiographic image sequences acquired from acute canine experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can consistently improve the performance of active contour models and increase the robustness against image defects such as missing boundaries.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":6630795,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2167065813","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2013.382","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper examines the tax revenue forecasting performance of the Department of Finance over the period 1997-2014. While the general forecasting framework used reflects standard international practice, forecasting errors are relatively large by international standards. In almost all cases, we find no evidence of bias in the forecasts when considering the major tax heads over various forecast horizons. A decomposition of the forecast errors reveals substantial contributions from sources other than errors in forecasting the macroeconomic environment or in estimating the previous year's revenue outturn. This suggests that a formal review of specific procedures and assumptions by the Department could yield further improvements in forecasting performance. An innovative exercise examining the routine use of judgement by the Department to adjust the outcome of forecasting equations indicates that this practice often improved the quality of the forecasts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":157343346,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2525881186","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Effect of a combination of alkali ions, sulfate ion and chloride ion on durability of concrete structures was analyzed, and the effect of different mineral admixtures on deterioration caused by Cl- penetration, sulfate attack and alkali-silica reaction was investigated. It is shown from wetting-drying test that sulfate attack on concrete was greatly relieved in high Cl- concentration solution, but diffusion test showed that Cl- diffusion was accelerated by SO4 2- ion existence as SO4 2- may incorporate with aluminum phase prior to Cl- ion. Replacement of cement with mineral admixtures such as ground blast furnace slag (SL) and metalaolin (MK) were beneficial for absorption of Cl- ion penetrated into paste, while ASTM C441 showed that fly ash (FA), metakaolin and natural zeolite (NZ) exhibited effectiveness in controlling Alkali-silica reaction (ASR).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136957909,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2020006767","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.302-303.68","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Computer vision approaches are increasingly used in mobile robotic systems, since they allow to obtain a very good representation of the environment by using low-power and cheap sensors. In particular it has been shown that they can compete with standard solutions based on laser range scanners when dealing with the problem of simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), where the robot has to explore an unknown environment while building a map of it and localizing in the same map. We present a package for simultaneous localization and mapping in ROS (Robot Operating System) using a monocular camera sensor only. Experimental results in real scenarios as well as on standard datasets show that the algorithm is able to track the trajectory of the robot and build a consistent map of small environments, while running in near real-time on a standard PC.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":18560040,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2057154560","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5121\/CSIT.2014.4131","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article presents the development and application of a simulation model that was used to forecast the demand of automobile parts using information from a car dealer in Mexico, D. F. In particular, this work illustrates, using a simple model, how stochastic simulation and Bayesian statistics can be combined to model and solve complex forecasting problems. The proposed framework is general enough to be applied to very detailed models of the system under study. The results obtained demonstrate how uncertainty on the parameters of the model can be incorporated, and the application using real data shows how a large sample size produces a posterior distribution that has little influence from the prior distribution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":239422113,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.46631\/jefas.2009.v14n27.01","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.46631\/jefas.2009.v14n27.01","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Fit is extremely important in footwear as fit largely determines performance and comfort. Current footwear fit estimation mainly uses only shoe size, which is extremely limited in characterizing the shape of a foot or the shape of a shoe. 3D scanning presents a solution to this, where a foot shape can be captured and virtually fit with shoe models. Traditional 3D scanning techniques have their own complications however, stemming from their need to collect views covering all aspects of an object. In this work we explore a deep learning technique to compete a foot scan point cloud from information contained in a single depth map view. We examine the benefits of implementing residual blocks in architectures for this application, and find that they can improve accuracies while reducing model size and training time.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":54513090,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2775452007","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15353\/VSNL.V3I1.174","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Scour forming around an isolated bridge abutment with curved end is investigated in this study. Clear water scour experiments are conducted for an abutment in a 25 m long sediment flume at a Reynolds number of 45000. 3D scour patterns forming around the abutments are obtained using an array of acoustic transducers along a grid refined up to 1\u20132 cm spacing at different stages of the scour. Detached Eddy Simulation (DES) is performed at the same channel Reynolds number for flat bed case (initiation of the scour) and for two deformed bed cases (intermediate stages of scour). Incoming flow in the simulations were fully turbulent containing unsteady velocity fluctuations. Variations in the structure and intensity of the horseshoe vortex system are investigated. At the initial stage of the scour the main and secondary horseshoe vortices undergo aperiodic bimodal oscillations. Those oscillations cause the horseshoe vortices to induce large bed shear stress values beneath them. As the scour hole starts forming secondary necklace vortex, HV2, gets closer to the primary necklace vortex, HV1, and merges with it at a location close to the abutment tip.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":112526187,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2334367757","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1061\/41147(392)65","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Attention maps, a popular heatmap-based explanation method for Visual Question Answering (VQA), are supposed to help users understand the model by highlighting portions of the image\/question used by the model to infer answers. However, we see that users are often misled by current attention map visualizations that point to relevant regions despite the model producing an incorrect answer. Hence, we propose Error Maps that clarify the error by highlighting image regions where the model is prone to err. Error maps can indicate when a correctly attended region may be processed incorrectly leading to an incorrect answer, and hence, improve users' understanding of those cases. To evaluate our new explanations, we further introduce a metric that simulates users' interpretation of explanations to evaluate their potential helpfulness to understand model correctness. We finally conduct user studies to see that our new explanations help users understand model correctness better than baselines by an expected 30% and that our proxy helpfulness metrics correlate strongly (\u03c1 > 0.97) with how well users can predict model correctness.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":232404627,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Literature-based knowledge discovery process identifies the important but implicit relations among information embedded in published literature. Existing techniques from Information Retrieval and Natural Language Processing attempt to identify the hidden or unpublished connections between information concepts within published literature, however, these techniques undermine the concept of predicting the future and emerging relations among scientific knowledge components encapsulated within the literature. Keyword Co-occurrence Network (KCN), built upon author selected keywords (i.e., knowledge entities), is considered as a knowledge graph that focuses both on these knowledge components and knowledge structure of a scientific domain by examining the relationships between knowledge entities. Using data from two multidisciplinary research domains other than the medical domain, capitalizing on bibliometrics, the dynamicity of temporal KCNs, and a Long Short Term Memory recurrent neural network, this study proposed a framework to successfully predict the future literature-based discoveries - the emerging connections among knowledge units. Framing the problem as a dynamic supervised link prediction task, the proposed framework integrates some novel node and edge-level features. Temporal importance of keywords computed from both bipartite and unipartite networks, communities of keywords, built upon genealogical relations, and relative importance of temporal citation counts used in the feature construction process. Both node and edge-level features were input into an LSTM network to forecast the feature values for positive and negatively labeled non-connected keyword pairs and classify them accurately. High classification performance rates suggest that these features are supportive both in predicting the emerging connections between scientific knowledge units and emerging trend analysis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":198147352,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2962806867","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"UNLABELLED\nAbstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate mineral content and surface morphology of root canals coated with Enterococcus faecalis biofilm after treatment with several endodontic irrigation solutions, with and without Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation (LAI).\n\n\nBACKGROUND DATA\nLAI has been introduced as a powerful method for root canal irrigation resulting in smear-layer removal from the root canal wall.\n\n\nMETHODS\nDistal and palatal roots from 60 freshly extracted human molars were used in this study. The coronal of each tooth was removed. Roots were split longitudinally and placed in an ultrasonic bath to remove the smear layer, creating conditions for the formation of E. faecalis biofilm. After incubation, the two halves were reassembled in impression material to simulate clinical conditions. Specimens were divided into two main groups: roots rinsed with irrigation solutions and roots subjected to laser irradiation combined with irrigation solutions. Solutions tested were 2% chlorhexidine and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and saline.\n\n\nRESULTS\nSurface morphology: 17% EDTA irrigant solution combined with Er:YAG laser showed the best results for removing bacteria from the root canal walls. Chemical analysis: all samples treated with combined laser irradiation and irrigation solution had low surface levels of Ca compared with samples treated with irrigation alone. The Ca\/P ratio was highest in the laser-EDTA group. Overall, mineral changes caused by laser with irrigation solutions were minimal, and statistically nonsignificant.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nIn vitro irrigation solutions, combined with Er:YAG laser irradiation, were effective in removing E. faecalis biofilm from root canal walls. Irrigation solutions without laser irradiation were less effective, leaving a layer of biofilm on the dentin surface.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":22151411,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1981936012","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2012.3445","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The spread of false rumours during emergencies can jeopardise the well-being of citizens as they are monitoring the stream of news from social media to stay abreast of the latest updates. In this paper, we describe the methodology we have developed within the PHEME project for the collection and sampling of conversational threads, as well as the tool we have developed to facilitate the annotation of these threads so as to identify rumourous ones. We describe the annotation task conducted on threads collected during the 2014 Ferguson unrest and we present and analyse our findings. Our results show that we can collect effectively social media rumours and identify multiple rumours associated with a range of stories that would have been hard to identify by relying on existing techniques that need manual input of rumour-specific keywords.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":2580367,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2095892879","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1504.04712"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, we propose exact likelihood-based mean-variance efficiency tests of the market portfolio in the context of Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), allowing for a wide class of error distributions which include normality as a special case. These tests are developed in the framework of multivariate linear regressions (MLR). It is well known, however, that despite their simple statistical structure, standard asymptotically justified MLR-based tests are unreliable. In financial econometrics, exact tests have been proposed for a few specific hypotheses [Jobson and Korkie (Journal of Financial Economics, 1982), MacKinlay (Journal of Financial Economics, 1987), Gibbons, Ross and Shanken (Econometrica, 1989), Zhou (Journal of Finance, 1993)], most of which depend on normality. For the gaussian model, our tests correspond to Gibbons, Ross and Shanken's mean-variance efficiency tests. In non-gaussian contexts, we reconsider mean-variance efficiency tests allowing for multivariate Student-t and gaussian mixture errors. Our framework allows to cast more evidence on whether the normality assumption is too restrictive when testing the CAPM. We also propose exact multivariate diagnostic checks (including tests for multivariate GARCH and multivariate generalization of the well-known variance ratio tests) and goodness of fit tests as well as a set estimate for the intervening nuisance parameters. Our results [over five-year subperiods] show the following: (i) multivariate normality is rejected in most subperiods, (ii) residual checks reveal no significant departures from the multivariate i.i.d. assumption, and (iii) mean-variance efficiency tests of the market portfolio are not rejected as frequently once they are allowed for the possibility of non-normal errors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":14339362,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2137438294","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2785166","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/cirano.qc.ca\/files\/publications\/2002s-85.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper addresses stability analysis of sampled-data piecewise-affine (PWA) systems consisting of a continuous-time plant and a discrete-time emulation of a continuous-time state feedback controller. We consider the sampled-data system as a delayed system with a variable delay. The paper then presents conditions under which the trajectories of the sampled- data closed-loop system will converge to an attracting invariant set. It is also shown that when the sampling period converges to zero, the conditions derived in this paper reduce to sufficient conditions for the non-fragility of the stabilizing continuous- time PWA state feedback controller.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":35025268,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2141745129","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ACC.2008.4586713","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"State-of-the-art methods for large-scale driving-scene LiDAR segmentation often project the point clouds to 2D space and then process them via 2D convolution. Although this corporation shows the competitiveness in the point cloud, it inevitably alters and abandons the 3D topology and geometric relations. A natural remedy is to utilize the 3D voxelization and 3D convolution network. However, we found that in the outdoor point cloud, the improvement obtained in this way is quite limited. An important reason is the property of the outdoor point cloud, namely sparsity and varying density. Motivated by this investigation, we propose a new framework for the outdoor LiDAR segmentation, where cylindrical partition and asymmetrical 3D convolution networks are designed to explore the 3D geometric pattern while maintaining these inherent properties. Moreover, a point-wise refinement module is introduced to alleviate the interference of lossy voxel-based label encoding. We evaluate the proposed model on two large-scale datasets, i.e., SemanticKITTI and nuScenes. Our method achieves the 1st place in the leaderboard of SemanticKITTI and outperforms existing methods on nuScenes with a noticeable margin, about 4%. Furthermore, the proposed 3D framework also generalizes well to LiDAR panoptic segmentation and LiDAR 3D detection.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":227054435,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3105266714","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00981","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2011.10033"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The North-East region of Mexican Republic has a semi-arid weather \ncondition; this area covers partially Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon and Coahuila \nstates. Pablillo River Basin (PRB) is located close to Nuevo Leon south border \nand its catchment area involves Linares City (LC), Hualahuises City (HC) and \nCerro-Prieto dam (CP). This reservoir captures drinking water to Monterrey \nMetropolitan Zone (MMZ) the major urban center on the north-east Mexican \nregion. More than 50% of the potable water for LC comes from groundwater \nstockpiles. A combination of GIS maps and major ion chemistry analysis has been \nassessed, to know the origin, geochemical evolution, and hydraulic \ninterconnection of groundwater. During 2008-2009, 46 groundwater samples were \ntaken and analyzed around LC and HC. GIS technology was use to analyze the \nspatial distribution of the constituents of groundwater through thematic maps. \nThe major ion analysis and its results suggest the presences of two aquifers; \nshallow porous aquifer on the top and fractured aquifer on the bottom. General \nwater mineralization was discovered, including dissolution of halite, dolomites \nand carbonates through the aquifers. Water quality varies widely through the \naquifers, and the general pathways go from southwest to northeast direction. \nThe overexploitation of groundwater increases the water mixing of groundwater \nbetween shallow and deeper aquifers. Natural origin of groundwater and \ngroundwater pollution by anthropogenic activities should be considered in the \ngroundwater quality analysis for drinking water purpose.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":55082169,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2049516102","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4236\/JWARP.2013.58A001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Psychophysical experiments show that humans are better at perceiving rotation and expansion than translation. These findings are inconsistent with standard models of motion integration which predict best performance for translation. To explain this discrepancy, our theory formulates motion perception at two levels of inference: we first perform model selection between the competing models (e.g. translation, rotation, and expansion) and then estimate the velocity using the selected model. We define novel prior models for smooth rotation and expansion using techniques similar to those in the slow-and-smooth model (e.g. Green functions of differential operators). The theory gives good agreement with the trends observed in human experiments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":18499801,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"318694795","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Among last generation games, physics simulation engines are a mandatory requisite for realism, and soon will be used on applications other than 3D virtual worlds. This paper describes the ReActive project, an engine that simulates physics using a reactivity approach instead of an iterative one, and provides an abstraction layer for third-party physics engines, diminishing code size to be maintained. It is also possible to extend functionalities and define custom bodies behavior on a simulation with this library. To specify the ReActive engine, the authors present a study related to the main physics simulation and graphics engines, and some prototypes implemented as proof-of-concept, foreseeing the use of physics simulation on collaborative environments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1}},"corpusid":91321949,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2902396373","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We report Time-Domain ThermoReflectance experiments measuring the Thermal Boundary Conductance (TBC) of interfaces between diamond and metal surfaces, based on samples consisting of [111]-oriented diamond substrates with hydrogen or with sp2 carbon surface terminations created using plasma treatments. In a concurrent theoretical study, we calculate the work of adhesion between Ni, Cu, and diamond interfaces with (111) surface orientation, with or without hydrogen termination of the diamond surface, using first-principles electronic structure calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). We find a positive correlation between the calculated work of adhesion and the measured conductance of these interfaces, suggesting that DFT could be used as a screening tool to identify metal\/dielectric systems with high TBC. We also explain the negative effect of hydrogen on the thermal conductance of metal\/diamond interfaces.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":11467702,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1966743563","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1063\/1.4869668","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/dash.harvard.edu\/bitstream\/1\/41384033\/1\/45061%202014_jappphys_115_123509.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this work, we present an interesting attempt on mixture generation: absorbing different image concepts (e.g., content and style) from different domains and thus generating a new domain with learned concepts. In particular, we propose a mixture generative adversarial network (MIXGAN). MIXGAN learns concepts of content and style from two domains respectively, and thus can join them for mixture generation in a new domain, i.e., generating images with content from one domain and style from another. MIXGAN overcomes the limitation of current GAN-based models which either generate new images in the same domain as they observed in training stage, or require off-the-shelf content templates for transferring or translation. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of MIXGAN as compared to related state-of-the-art GAN-based models.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":49571858,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2950332049","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.24963\/ijcai.2018\/306","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1807.01659"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.ijcai.org\/proceedings\/2018\/0306.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Informational cities are prototypical cities of the knowledge society. If they are informational world cities, they are new centers of power. According to Manuel Castells (1989), in those cities space of flows (flows of money, power, and information) tend to override space of places. Information and communication technology infrastructures, cognitive infrastructures (as groundwork of knowledge cities and creative cities), and city-level knowledge management are of great importance. Digital libraries provide access to the global explicit knowledge. The informational city consists of creative clusters and spaces for personal contacts to stimulate sharing of implicit information. In such cities, we can observe job polarization in favor of well-trained employees. The corporate structure of informational cities is made up of financial services, knowledge-intensive high-tech industrial enterprises, companies of the information economy, and further creative and knowledge-intensive service enterprises. Weak location factors are facilities for culture, recreational activities, and consumption. Political willingness to create an informational city and e-governance activities are crucial aspects for the development of such cities. This conceptual article frames indicators which are able to mark the degree of \"informativeness\" of a city. Finally, based upon findings of network economy, we try to explain why certain cities master the transition to informational cities and others (lagging to relative insignificance) do not. The article connects findings of information science and of urbanistics and urban planning. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":32545664,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2034520580","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/asi.21506","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose \u2013 To develop a new theory of portfolio and risk based on incremental entropy and Markowitz's theory. Design\/methodology\/approach \u2013 Replacing arithmetic, the mean return adopted by M.H. Markowitz, with geometric mean return as a criterion for assessing a portfolio, one gets incremental entropy: one of the generalized entropies. It indicates that the incremental speed of capital is a more objective and testable criterion. Findings \u2013 The difference between the new theory based on incremental entropy and Markowitz's theory is that the new theory emphasizes that there is an objectively optimal portfolio for given probability of returns. Originality\/value \u2013 This paper provides some formulas for optimizing portfolio allocations. Based on the new portfolio theory, this paper also presents a new measure of information value, analyzes the differences and similarities between this measure and K.J. Arrow's measure of information value, and discusses how to optimize forecasts with the new measure.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":123174894,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2083648401","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1108\/15265940510574754","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper deals with the influence of severe plastic deformation on the typical powder metallurgy (PM) microstructural characteristics, such as porosity, of a PM aluminum alloy. A commercial ready-to-press aluminum based powder was used as material to be investigated. After applying different compacting pressures (400, 500, 600 and 700 MPa), specimens were debinded in a ventilated furnace at 400 \u00b0C for 60 min. Sintering was carried out in a vacuum furnace at 610 \u00b0C for 30 min. The specimens were ECAPed for 1 pass. The dimensional and morphological porosity of investigated materials were measured individually for each pore. Results show that ECAP generates shearing stress breaking down the oxide film; this, coupled to particles deformation under local constraints, enables strong bonding and stability. Therefore, ECAP supports next progressive decreasing of pore size as well as strongly influences both dimensional and morphological porosity characteristics, considering that small pores evolve easily to a circular form. Moreover, ECAP cause strong bonding between adjacent particles, which results in a significant increase of mechanical properties.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136961700,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2082177795","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.189-193.2838","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by decreasing bone density, and is assessed by the bone mass density of cancellous bone. An X-ray method is widely used for noninvasive measurement of bone mass density [mg\/cm3]. An ultrasonic method has the potential to evaluate the elastic properties, however measured ultrasonic parameters are the slope of frequency dependent attenuation (BUA [dB\/MHz]) and the speed of sound (SOS [m\/s]), not the bone mass density [mg\/cm3]. In previous study, two longitudinal waves, the fast and slow waves, were observed in cancellous bone. In this study, the propagation path through cancellous bone is modeled to specify the causality between ultrasonic wave parameters and bone density. Then bone density and bone elasticity are quantitatively formulated. A novel ultrasonic bone densitometry, prototype LD-100, have been developed. The bone density [mg\/cm3] and the bone elasticity [GPa] are evaluated by ultrasonic parameters based on the fast and slow waves in cancellous bone using a modeling of ultrasonic wave propagation path.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":137533280,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2010112795","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.321-323.857","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Oligocene to Recent Agadir turbidite system occurs in the Agadir Basin, abutting against the continental margin off South Morocco (central eastern Atlantic). This system is part of the submarine drainage system linking back to the Anti- and High Atlas mountains through the Agadir Canyon, and its sedimentary evolution is shown to comprise lateral shifts of canyon, channel, overbank and lobe deposits, governed by local topography (draped palaeorelief, seamounts, and a contourite ridge) and channel avulsions. In addition, the turbidite system shows an overall retrogradational stacking (migrating about 60 km upslope). This probably reflects a decrease in gradient on the continental margin, gradual basin filling, and\/or a progressive decrease in energy and load of the sediment gravity flows that fed the system. The latter change in sediment flux could result from the interplay between the progressive denudation of the source areas, together with the climatic change which led to the present arid\/desertic conditions in the hinterland. The seismic features observed with new ultra-high resolution seismic tools allow the recognition of the present-day sedimentary activity within the Agadir turbidite system, and this is related, among other factors, to the active seismicity of the area.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":128842319,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2089467216","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1144\/gsjgs.155.6.0929","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Many consumer markets feature a multidimensional price. A policy maker\u2014a legislator, a regulator, or a court\u2014concerned about the level of one price dimension may decide to cap this price. How will such a price cap affect other price dimensions? Will the overall effect be good or bad for consumers? For social welfare? Price caps can be beneficial when sellers set prices in response to consumers' misperception. The scope for welfare-enhancing regulation depends on the type (and direction) of the underlying misperception and on market structure.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":31558578,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1838212087","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1086\/684300","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/dash.harvard.edu\/bitstream\/1\/17741708\/1\/Bar-Gill_833.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Marine terrace geometries provide a useful means to interpret the rate and style of uplift along emergent shorelines. In southern California, coastal uplift has been linked to activity on blind thrust or reverse faults. Two marine wave-cut platforms were identified in geotechnical investigations at the Getty Villa museum complex in Pacific Palisades, CA. Reconstruction of the late Quaternary geomorphic history at the Getty Villa allows assignment of the upper platform to the \u223c320 ka oxygen-isotope Stage 9 Malibu terrace of W. M. Davis and P. W. Birkeland. The lower terrace is interpreted to be the \u223c125 ka (Stage 5e) Pacific Palisades platform of J. T. McGill. The wave-cut platforms at the Getty Villa have been uplifted, tilted seaward, and possibly warped. They record late Quaternary uplift at a rate of about 0.3 mm\/year and progressive seaward tilting at a rate of about 1\u00b0\/40 ka since 320 ka. The elevations and geometries of the platforms differ markedly from earlier interpretations, necessitating a reinterpretation of marine terrace geometries throughout much of the Pacific Palisades area. The observed pattern of uplift and tilting suggests the Santa Monica Mountains blind thrust fault of J. F. Dolan and colleagues as the probable source of coastal uplift in this area since 320 ka. Only the central portion of the fault appears significantly active, however. Application of moment magnitude (M) regression equations of Dolan and colleagues indicate that the active portion is capable of generating M 7.0 earthquakes at a recurrence interval of about 6,800 years.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":130456790,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2160436861","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2113\/10.3.253","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A range of short-chain aliphatic monocarboxylates, both unsubstituted and substituted with hydroxy, chloro and keto groups, were shown to inhibit transport of L-lactate and pyruvate into both guinea-pig cardiac myocytes and rat erythrocytes. The carrier of heart cells exhibited a higher affinity (approx. 10-fold) for most of the monocarboxylates than did the erythrocyte carrier. A notable exception was L-lactate, whose Km for both carriers was similar. The K1 values of the two carriers for inhibitors such as phenylpyruvate and alpha-cyanocinnamate derivatives were also different. The high affinity of the heart cell carrier for ketone bodies and acetate may be physiologically important, since these substrates are used as fuels by the heart.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":31099755,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2419665772","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1042\/BJ2690827","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The reconciliation of family and work is one of the \"new social risks\" contemporary welfare states are challenged to address. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the roles of work and family in women's life trajectories, shedding light on determinants and welfare outcomes of different combinations of motherhood and employment. We identify and compare distinctive life-course employment profiles of mothers across 13 European countries. After analysing selection patterns, we investigate the possible link that exists between these work-family profiles up to the age of 50 and subsequent health outcomes. We embed our empirical investigation in a comparative welfare state framework and differentiate between four geographical areas that can be associated with different types of European welfare state regimes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":153131850,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1489268054","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Integrated health service post (or commonly known in Indonesian language as Posyandu) is one of the communities' participation in the health sector which plays an important role in providing basic health service such as monitoring the toddler growth and the development status. But, the utilization of integrated health service post by the community were still low, whereas the scope of integrated health service post utilization in Pemecutan Kelod Village was 42,42%, while the national target which should be achieved based on strategic planning of the ministry of health in 2014 was 85%. This study aimed at finding the factors which influence communities' visit behavior towards the utilization of integrated health service post in Pemecutan Kelod Village. The study design was descriptive analytic with cross sectional approach. Sample in this study was parents who had toddlers 12-59 months whereas about 155 respondents were chosen randomly.\nThe data collection was obtained from the questionnaire which was analyzed by using Chi-Square. This study showed that factors which influence communities' visit behavior towards the utilization of integrated health service post were job (p=0,025), knowledge about integrated health service post (p=0,029), family encouragement (p=0,012), and support of community figures (p=0,018). Therefore, it is expected to parents' toddler, family and community figures to spend their time and actively motivate the parents to visit integrated health service post, and also to the health service staff should be active in socializing the importance of utilizing integrated health service post.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":151054485,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2913028541","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An application of the elastic-plastic problem by the photoelastic coating method is presented in this paper. A general procedure of this experiment, such as image processing and separation of the difference of principal strain to obtaine stresses from isochromatic fringes is referred. The methodology to extract centre lines of coloured isochromatic fringes is explained. Experiments are conducted with cross-shaped aluminum specimens with a circular hole subjected to uniaxial tension and equi-biaxial tension. Results of image processing are shown, and the distribution of difference of principal strains and separated principal strain are shown in the case of equi-biaxial tension.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110594961,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2038837402","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.3-4.27","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Modeling of the San Joaquin valley using SWAT can give a comprehensive overview of hydrologic traits of the San Joaquin River and its tributaries, specifically for nutrients like nitrate. The San Joaquin valley is a site of intense modeling interest and policy making, as the San Joaquin River joins the Sacramento River to feed into the Delta. The environmental impact of dissolved oxygen on aquatic life on the Delta is a particularly key concern (Quinn 2000). The San Joaquin watershed also represents considerable investment in agriculture on the valley floor and has been studied for nitrate, sediment, and salinity concerns particularly with regard to agricultural runoff. Evaluation of model accuracy and utility are important for any future studies on the San Joaquin River for hydrology and nutrients, especially in regards to policy making. Criteria for model evaluation are based on model accuracy and reliable conclusions on the watershed traits. The accuracy of the model is summarized by the goodness-of-fit (e.g., NashSutcliffe efficiency, mean of sum of square residuals), as well as the ability of the model to reproduce trustworthy results. Reliable conclusions concerning the hydrological simulation of the San Joaquin are based on recognizable hydrology trends in surface flow and nutrient origin and transport, particularly nitrates. Models are a tool used by engineers for a better understanding and explanation of","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":129330035,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2099212691","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1061\/9780784412312.224","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/digitalcommons.calpoly.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1306&context=cenv_fac","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Real-world radiance values can range over eight orders of magnitude from starlight to direct sunlight but few digital cameras capture more than three orders in a single Low Dynamic Range (LDR) image. We approach this problem using established High Dynamic Range (HDR) techniques in which multiple images are captured with different exposure times so that all portions of the scene are correctly exposed at least once. These images are then combined to create an HDR image capturing the full range of the scene. HDR capture introduces new challenges; movement in the scene creates faded copies of moving objects, referred to as ghosts. Many techniques have been introduced to handle ghosting, but typically they either address specific types of ghosting, or are computationally very expensive. We address ghosting by first detecting moving objects, then reducing their contribution to the final composite on a frame-by-frame basis. The detection of motion is addressed by performing change detection on exposure-normalized images. Additional special cases are developed based on a priori knowledge of the changing exposures; for example, if exposure is increasing every shot, then any decrease in intensity in the LDR images is a strong indicator of motion. Recent Superpixel over-segmentation techniques are used to refine the detection. We also propose a novel solution for areas that see motion throughout the capture, such as foliage blowing in the wind. Such areas are detected as always moving, and are replaced with information from a single input image, and the replacement of corrupted regions can be tailored to the scenario. We present our approach in the context of a panoramic tele-presence system. Telepresence systems allow a user to experience a remote environment, aiming to create a realistic sense of \"being there\" and such a system should therefore provide a high quality visual rendition of the environment. Furthermore, panoramas, by virtue of capturing a greater proportion of a real-world scene, are often exposed to a greater dynamic range than standard photographs. Both facets of this system therefore stand to benefit from HDR imaging techniques. We demonstrate the success of our approach on multiple challenging ghosting scenarios, and compare our results with state-of-the-art methods previously proposed. We also demonstrate computational savings over these methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":61012001,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1581606141","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.20381\/RUOR-5034","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The role of the financial system to absorb and to intermediate commodity boom induced windfall gains efficiently presents one of the most pressing issues for developing economies. Using an exogenous increase in iron ore prices in March 2005, I analyse the role of regional bank branch networks in Brazil in reallocating capital from affected to non-affected regions. For the period from March 2004 to March 2006, I find that branches directly exposed to this shock by their geographical location experience an increase in deposit growth in the post-shock period relative to non-affected branches. Given that these deposits are not reinvested locally, I further show that branches located in the non-affected region increase lending growth depending on their indirect exposure to the booming regions via their branch network. Even tough, these results provide evidence against a Dutch Disease type crowding out of the non-iron ore sector, further evidence suggests that this capital reallocation is far from being optimal.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":91177890,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2903455681","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Designers influence the culture of communities and whole societies through the development of products, services, processes and systems. This is particularly evident on cruise ships: The designed ship, exterior and interior, as well as the programs on board create an artificial environment that aims at evoking paradisiacal holiday feelings. The conception of the journey aims at a unique experience for customers. The totality of these arrangements may be called an onboard culture. So far, it is little considered how the mass arrival of cruise tourists affects the inhabitants of a target port. If a ship is in port, two cultures meet that do not only come from different nations, but at the same time have completely different values, beliefs, expectations and attitudes. The passengers are in a vacation mode, which is characterized by luxury, adventure, carelessness and relaxation, while the residents are in their everyday mode, which is characterized by work, family, friends, politics, responsibilities and problems. A clash of cultures seems inevitable. \nThe goal of this design inquiry is to take the clash of cultures into consideration through a systemic examination. We assume that the design of the ship and the socio-culture on board, represented by the passengers, sends strong messages to the people of the target culture. Those messages are expressions of the ethical values and behaviour patterns of the onboard culture. Design-driven changes of the onboard culture could therefore assign a different meaning to the ship and change the encounter of cultures for the better. A special focus will therefore be placed on the examination of the construction and establishment of meanings and the social interactions in the \"system onboard culture\".","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":150433437,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2914433034","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To represent compliant motion, the authors present a theory for specifying and generating the motion path of a robot in contact with the environment. Included is a formulation for specifying single contact motion, in which only one geometric feature (a vertex, an edge, or a plant) or a robot and one geometric feature of the environment participate. Single contact motion is categorized into four types according to the combinations of the movabilities of the contact positions on the robot and the environment. For each type of single contact motion, an interpolating transformation is assigned to generate motion from the path specification. In addition, motion constraints are provided according to combinations of geometric features. A geometric model of the task environment allows the formulation to be applied to automatic path generation in programming motion segments.<<ETX>>","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":13627317,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1816988711","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.1989.100083","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of the research was to establish Acinetobacter sp. IMB B-7005 cultivation conditions, which provide the maximal synthesis of microbial exopolysaccharide ethapolan on a mixture of molasses and sunflower oil, and to explore the possibility of replacing refined oil in a mixture with molasses for waste one. On the basis of theoretical calculations of energy consumption for the synthesis of ethapolan and biomass, it was determined that the optimal molar ratio of the concentrations of energy-deficient (sucrose) and energy-excessive (sunflower oil) substrates in the mixture was 1.0:0.9. Experiments have shown that the highest values of exopolysaccharide synthesis were observed at a molar ratio of monosubstrates in mixture 1.0:1.1, which is as close as possible to the theoretically calculated one. It was shown that increasing concentration of molasses and refined oil in mixture from 1.0 to 1.5% was accompanied by increase in amount of synthesized exopolysaccharide and its synthesizing capacity by 1.2 and 1.3 times, respectively. The possibility of replacing refined oil in a mixture with molasses for various types of waste (after frying potatoes, meat, vegetables and mixed) was established. The maximum parameters of exopolysaccharide synthesis (concentration 14 g\/l, synthesizing capacity 3.5 g exopolysaccharide\/g biomass) were observed when using mixed waste oil for both inoculum obtaining and EPS biosynthesis. The obtained results testify to the possibility of development of universal technology for obtaining microbal exopolysaccharide ethapolan on a mixture of waste (molasses and waste oil) independent of the type and provider of waste oil.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":73547771,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2773906106","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15407\/BIOTECH10.04.025","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The highly invasive and chemoresistant phenotype of pancreatic cancer highlights the urgency to identify prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets. Recently, we observed a significant correlation between shorter survival and loss of the cytoband 18q22.3. Here we investigated genes encoded by this cytoband, and demonstrated the prognostic value of CYB5A in resected and metastatic patients. Furthermore, our in vitro and in vivo studies clarified CYB5A inhibitory activity of oncogenic phenotypes through autophagy induction. This raises the possibility that inhibition of CYB5A-deregulated downstream pathways, such as those involving TRAF6, may favor autophagy-mediated cancer cell death in selected subgroups of patients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":12879356,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2034188700","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4161\/auto.27803","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4161\/auto.27803","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Editor's column\n Last year, the SPE Board of Directors approved a new 5-year Strategic Plan, a blueprint to provide guidance on how the association can meet the needs and expectations of its members and the industry over the next several years. The plan identified four strategic areas of emphasis to advance its vision in the near term: lifelong learning, knowledge transfer, membership engagement, and professional pride. It is the professional pride piece of that document that this issue of JPT is built around.\n The professional pride segment identifies objectives such as helping SPE members better understand and become more inspired by the industry's contributions to society, demonstrating the benefits of oil and gas so members can communicate that positive value to the public, and highlighting industry achievements as well as contributions to sustainability and social responsibility.\n With that backdrop, the 45-page special section in this issue covers three main areas:\n What satisfaction do petroleum engineers receive from the work they do?\n What value does oil and gas bring to individuals and to society?\n What trends and challenges will help define the future work of petroleum engineers?\n JPT invited a variety of engineers to participate to ensure a broad perspective. In these pages, you will read about what practicing petroleum professionals value about their careers and what brings them the most reward; what specific contributions the industry is making to society, including some you might not regularly hear about in the media; some great individual and technical achievements; how to communicate these successes and contributions to an often skeptical public; and what issues the industry will confront in the coming years.\n One of these issues is climate change, and no report on the oil and gas industry's future would be complete without some discussion of this topic. But there is not universal agreement\u2014in the public, in the industry, or in these pages\u2014on the best approach to take in addressing this issue.\n Nor is there agreement throughout the industry on future hydrocarbons demand and what role oil and gas will play in the global energy mix a decade or two from now. Industry reports from companies and consultancies often lay out different scenarios about hydrocarbon demand in the future and the \"transition\" to renewables. Some predict declines in crude demand for transportation because of the increased use of electric vehicles, while others see almost insatiable appetites for all forms of energy, both traditional and new.\u00a0\n The oil and gas industry will likely look a lot different 10 or 20 years from now. But the role of petroleum engineers may not. The job of solving problems, figuring out how to get the most oil and gas out of the ground with the smallest environmental footprint, and ensuring that the world has sufficient energy to improve quality of life will continue.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":116448807,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2918964136","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2118\/0319-0012-jpt","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The mixotrophic ciliate Laboea strobila was present year-round in the surface waters of the Damariscotta estuary, Maine, USA In contrast, the abundance of the autotrophic ciliate Myrionecta rubra showed a strong seasonality and was absent during most of the summer and autumn. Nonloricate species usually dominated ciliate abundance and biomass, but tintinnids were occasionally dominant. L. strobila constituted up to 15% of the total ciliate biomass (including M. rubra) while M. rubra biomass exceeded the combined biomass of all other ciliates on several dates. The maximum biomass observed for M. rubra was ca 35 pg C 1-' When M. rubra was present, its estimated contribution to pnmary production was usually greater than that of L. strobjla. Up to 23% of total community photosynthesis was attnbuted to these 2 ciliates even though red water blooms of M. rubra were not observed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":59383992,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2001326590","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3354\/AME009237","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Oscillating voltage (VOs), which depends on the frequency dependence of the magnetoimpedance (MI) effect, was applied to study a magnetic tunneling junction (MTJ) of Ru(5 nm)\/Cu(10 nm)\/Ru(5 nm)\/IrMn(10 nm)\/CoFeB(4 nm)\/Al2 O3\/CoFeB(4 nm)\/Ru(5 nm) at frequencies up to 40 MHz. The MI ratio decreased as the VOs was increased. The MI ratio turned from positive to negative at a certain frequency. An equivalent circuit model was employed to analyze the results. The fact that MTJ can be regarded as the composition of a resistance component and two sets of parallel resistance (R) and capacitance (C) components in series has been utilized to describe the individual impedance contribution from the lead of cross pattern, barrier, and interface. The resistance (Rbarrier) and capacitance (Cbarrier) of the barrier effect are functions of VOs. The Rbarrier decreases as the VOs increases, However, C barrier behaves the opposite way. The tendency is for interfacial resistance Rinterface and interfacial capacitance Cinterface to have opposite results with increasing VOs . This work provides a detailed investigation of high-frequency transport behavior subjected to VOs, especially useful for MTJ characterization","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":35070182,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2157553205","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2007.893774","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A general methodology is presented for the multiobjective optimization of actively controlled structures. The methodology can handle structures involving precise as well as fuzzy data. The concepts of fuzzy set theory and game theory are combined to present a new solution procedure for solving a general structural optimization problem involving multiple objectives. The design of a crisp (traditional or well-defined) multiple objective problem can be considered as a special case of the present approach. The methodology used in this work ensures that the control law is optimal even in the presence of uncertainties and variations in the system parameters. The efficiency of the methodology is illustrated by considering the design of an actively controlled truss structure with structural weight, controlled system energy, stability robustness and performance robustness as objective functions and the cross sectional areas of members as design variables. The quantitative aspects of the optimum solution are demonstrated through transient response simulations. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the procedure in finding the best compromise solution to the multiple objective structural design problem.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":126113915,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2594805044","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE: What is known about the cerebral aqueduct is derived mainly from the legacy of classic histology and from the most recent advanced neuroimaging technologies. In fact, although this important structure is frequently glimpsed by neurosurgeons, only limited anatomic contributions have been added by microsurgery to its direct in vivo description. A review of our surgical experience in navigating the fourth ventricle prompted us to revisit the classical anatomic descriptions of the aqueduct and compare them using the novel perspective of neuroendoscopy. METHODS: We reviewed video recordings of 65 transaqueductal explorations of the fourth ventricle using flexible endoscopes, which were performed in our center to treat various pathological conditions. Forty-one patients were selected as being more informative for anatomic description. They include 21 patients with communicating normal pressure hydrocephalus, 6 patients with intraventricular hemorrhage, 5 patients with membranous obstruction of the foramen of Magendie, 5 patients with trapped fourth ventricle as evidenced after aqueductoplasty, 3 patients with colloid cysts, and 1 patient with craniopharyngioma with apparently normal aqueduct, which was navigated to aspirate small fragments of colloid and tiny clots. RESULTS: Patients with normal-sized third ventricles confirmed the typical triangular shape of the aqueductal adytum, whereas all pathological aqueducts invariably had an oval contour. The posterior commissure, a faint trace of the median sulcus, and the rubral eminences were the structures invariably noticed. Five segments of the aqueduct were always identifiable: the adytum, first constriction, ampulla, second constriction, and posterior part or egressus. CONCLUSION: Neuroendoscopy provides a novel perspective into the inner aqueductal wall and supplies an incomparable view of the intracanalicular anatomic structures.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":58223753,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"23390350","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A multistage laser-plasma accelerator (LPA) driven by two mixing electromagnetic hybrid modes of a gas-filled capillary waveguide is presented. Plasma wakefields generated by a laser pulse comprising two mixing modes coupled to a metallic or dielectric capillary filled with gas provide us with an efficient accelerating structure of electrons in a substantially long distance beyond a dephasing length under the matching between a capillary radius and plasma density. For a seamless multistage structure of the capillary waveguide, the numerical model of the transverse and longitudinal beam dynamics of an electron bunch considering the radiation reaction and multiple Coulomb scattering effects reveals a converging behavior of the bunch radius and normalized emittance down to (cid:1) 1 nm level when the beam is accelerated up to 560 GeV in a 67 m length. This capability allows us to conceive a compact electron-positron linear collider providing with high luminosity of 10 34 cm (cid:3) 2 s (cid:3) 1 at 1 TeV center-of-mass (CM) energy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":216500097,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3016137932","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.91633","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/citation-pdf-url\/71312","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Graphitization behavior of diamond has received an increasing interest in nanoscale machining of some hard and brittle materials. Diamond has always been an important and excellent tool material in cutting area. However, the graphitization of the diamond tool is inevitable when it was used in special conditions. It is indicated that the graphitization of diamond crystal has great influence on the wear resistance of diamond cutting tool. The graphitization behavior needs to be investigated extensively in nanoscale with an atomic view. Molecular dynamics simulation provides a useful tool for understanding of the graphitization mechanism of diamond. The investigation on graphi-tization behavior of single crystal diamond can also provide a useful reference for the application of diamond cutting tool. Materials and Methods: In this paper, a molecular dynamics (MD) diamond crystal model is built to examine the graphitization behavior of diamond under various conditions. The sixfold ring method was employed to identify the structural characteristics of graphite and diamond. The effects of temperature and crystal orientation on the graphitization of diamond have been revealed. Considering the effect of temperature, the anisotropy of diamond graphitization against various crystal planes is presented and discussed carefully. The nano-metric cutting model of diamond tool evaluated by the sixfold ring meth-od also proves the graphitization mechanisms in atomic view. Results: Results indicate that the sixfold ring method is a reliable method to evaluate the graphitization behavior of diamond crystal. There exists a critical temperature of the graphitization of diamond. The results also show that {111} plane is more easy to get graphitization as compared with other crystal planes. However, {100} plane of diamond model presents the highest anti-graphitization property. Conclusion: The obtained results have provided the in-depth understanding on the wear of diamond tool in nano-metric machining and underpin the development of diamond cutting tool","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":54450677,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2803854090","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2174\/1573413714666180517080721","PubMedCentral":"6237919","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc6237919?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Since the 1970s, the comfort model has experienced a major paradigm shift from PMV\/PPD to the \n'adaptive comfort' model (de Dear et al., 2013). As opposed to considering buildings as \n'environmental capsules' with centrally controlled HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning), \nthe core concept of adaptive comfort resides in the idea of harmonizing the outdoor and indoor \nenvironment with natural ventilation, and to widen the comfort range of the occupants by increasing \nadaptive opportunities, to achieve comfort with less energy intensive practices. Passivhaus as a new \nsustainable housing typology shares features of both a naturally ventilated building, and a \nmechanically controlled building. It is designed on the premise that occupants are to accommodate its \npassive features, and adapt their perception of comfort into a more sustainable mean. The result \nhowever is far from ideal. Case study analysis of a diverse range of Passivhaus projects in the UK, \nargues that fundamentally Passivhaus principle is against the principle of adaptive comfort. The legacy \nof half a century's application of HVAC has already changed the occupants' expectations of comfort, \nwhich are now based as much on a normality of controlled environment as on seasonal and climatic \nvariations. Many Passivhaus occupants are satisfied with or actively pursuing a narrow-ranged \ntemperature setting (20\u00b11\u02daC) that was promised by Passivhaus system throughout the whole year. \nIncreased sensitivity to temperature change is experienced in a few cases, which seems to affect the \noccupants' demand for a rigid comfort zone in other scenarios. The study also shows the Passivhaus \nsystem is in danger of engaging more energy intensive technology for cooling with the escalation of \nglobal warming. To re-accommodate the adaptive comfort into the Passivhaus system, more attention \nneeds to be paid from an architectural perspective rather than relying on spread sheet calculation and \nmechanical solutions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":58938712,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2595547978","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents a new bilinear discrete-time modeling method for switching power converter circuits. The method utilizes a new approximation of the matrix exponential involved in the exact discrete-time models. Compared to the conventional bilinear discrete-time models or to the continuous-time averaged models, the new bilinear models provide a means for more reliable and accurate stability and transient response prediction. They also lend themselves better to digital control design than do the exact discrete-time models due to their simplicity. The modeling method is validated by several example converters, for which traditional averaged models and conventional bilinear discrete-time models fail to predict the stability characteristics correctly.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2014-10":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":110306480,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2102762442","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2002.807167","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract : It is virtually unarguable that the past decade has wrought a relative decline in the military power of the United States in comparison to that of the Soviet Union. Analyses devoted to comparisons of such power invariably focus on military hardware and force sizings. Most informed observers would agree that the resultant military power gap will continue, if not widen, in the next decade. Despite current efforts to modernize American military capabilities, domestic considerations rule out a significant narrowing, much less closure of this putative gap. Given this reality, certain imperative are at once manifest to the national security policy makers. Continued reliance on deterrence via mutual assured destruction perpetuates the grievous error of confusing strategic ways with strategic ends. Nuclear war-avoidance is a critically important way we achieve our national end of survival as a free nation; it is not an end in itself. This has urgent implications for US national strategy. After a review of unclassified literature, the author offers an American public perception paradigm that depicts war as a failure of policy; suggests that general war was described by Clausewitz in his abstract concept of pure war; compares and contrasts selected strategic policies of the US and the USSR; and finally, proposes a Presidential initiative to move the United States toward a national strategy for the common defense of peace with freedom. (Author)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":151254324,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"303563315","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The present review was conducted for the purpose of explaining the reasons why the dorsogluteal site should not use for intramuscular injection based on evidence. Intramuscular injection is the method used in administering medications into a large muscle mass of the body. Muscles have larger and a greater number of blood vessels than does subcutaneous tissue, allowing faster onset of action than with subcutaneous injections. However, intramuscular injections have many risks. Therefore, to avoid complications, the nurse must have a full appreciation of the anatomy of the site and proximate anatomic structures, be able to accurately identify anatomic landmarks and site boundaries, and administer the injection with meticulous technique. Recent literature state that dorsogluteal site should not be preferred for intramuscular injection. Because the dorsogluteal site is close to the sciatic nevre and the superior gluteal nerve and artery and subcutaneous tissue at the dorsogluteal site is thick. In order to avoid complications as a result of intramuscular injection nurses knowledge need to be updated. In addition, nursing curricula should be reviewed in this direction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":76092980,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2343110290","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"New dams impact downstream ecosystems and water infrastructure; without cooperative and adaptive management, negative impacts can manifest. In large complex transboundary river basins without well codified operating rules and extensive historical data, it can be difficult to assess the benefits of cooperating, in particular in relation to new dams. This constitutes a barrier to harmonious development of river basins and could contribute to water conflict. This study proposes a generalised framework to assess the benefits of cooperation on the management of new dams in water resource systems that do not have formal sharing arrangements. Benefits are estimated via multi-criteria comparison of historical reservoir operations (usually relatively uncooperative) vs. adopting new cooperative rules which would achieve the best results for riparian countries as evaluated by a water resources simulator and its performance metrics. The approach is applied to the Pwalugu Multipurpose Dam (PMD), which is being built in Ghana in the Volta river basin. The PMD could impact downstream ecosystems and infrastructure in Ghana and could itself be impacted by how the existing upstream Bagre Dam is managed in Burkina Faso. Results show that with cooperation Ghana and Burkina Faso could both increase energy production although some ecosystem services loss would need to be mitigated. The study confirms that cooperative rules achieve higher overall benefits compared to seeking benefits only for individual dams or countries.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":233874055,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2021.596612","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fenvs.2021.596612\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Signed graphs serve as a primary tool for modelling social networks. They can represent relationships between individuals (i.e., nodes) with the use of signed edges. Finding communities in a signed graph is of great importance in many areas, for example, targeted advertisement. We propose an algorithm to detect multiple communities in a signed graph. Our method reduces the multi-community detection problem to a quadratic binary unconstrained optimization problem and uses state-of-the-art quantum or classical optimizers to find an optimal assignment of each individual to a specific community.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":119415502,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2910469934","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1901.04873"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article presents the historical journey of Kenyan women towards leadership and fair representation in social-economic and political sphere. The movements have a humble beginning from self-help groups during pre-independent period. The landmark was the formation of Maendeleo ya Wanawake (MYWO) organization in 1952, which is still a powerful grassroots' women's organization across the country. In the following years, women's movements in Kenya expanded and specifically focused on enhancing women's participation in leadership in appointive and elective bodies. Of great concern was the creation of institutional frameworks for mainstreaming gender through policies and legislation and ensuring the issues were taken on board the new constitution that was being negotiated from 1992-2010. Key achievements have been the establishment of national and institutional gender policies, National Gender Commission, a ministry in charge of women Affairs, Children and Social Services, publication of the Sexual Offences Act (2007), inclusive constitution making process and the provision of not more than one third of either gender in appointments and elective posts among many other gains. Although the journey has been steep and the processes challenging, the gains made say it all: 'the end justifies the means'.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":96496332,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1590964716","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"By using a monoclonal antibody directed against an epitope located on glycoprotein B of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV1), a simple, convenient blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) which combines a high sensitivity with a low false-positive rate has been developed. The test can be performed at low variance on undiluted bovine serum samples. The epitope on glycoprotein B appears to be conserved, because it could be detected by immunostaining in all of 160 BHV1 isolates originating from 10 countries. In testing 215 anti-BHV1 antibody-negative and 179 anti-BHV1 antibody-positive serum samples, specificity and sensitivity were 0.96 and 0.99, respectively. This blocking ELISA is superior to a commercially available indirect ELISA and to the 24-h virus neutralization test in detecting low antibody levels in serum. In addition, this blocking ELISA is able to detect specific antibodies in serum as early as 7 days postinfection. To minimize any risk of introducing latent BHV1 carriers among noninfected cattle, this blocking ELISA would be, in our opinion, the test of choice.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":34313187,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1493118024","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.9.2175-2181.1994","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.32.9.2175-2181.1994","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Primary human osteoblast-enriched (PHO) cultures derived from adult trabecular bone were analyzed to determine the presence or absence of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) receptors. Saturation binding studies were performed with 125I-TGF-beta in the absence or presence of 200-fold excess cold TGF-beta. Cross-linking experiments utilizing 125-I-TGF-beta were performed to identify specific cell surface binding proteins for TGF-beta. The saturation binding studies demonstrated saturable binding for TGF-beta on PHO cells. TGF-beta was cross-linked to cell surface binding proteins of 50 to 110 KDa and a high molecular weight component. Thus, these receptors appear to be similar in affinity, number per cell, and molecular weight to those previously identified with other cell types. The potential biological effects of TGF-beta on the growth of PHO cultures were evaluated by both 3H-thymidine incorporation and cell number determination. Growth of PHO cells in the presence of TGF-beta resulted in an approximately two-fold stimulation in cell number as compared to control cells while the 3H-thymidine experiments demonstrated a two to four-fold increase in thymidine uptake in the presence of TGF-beta. Radiographic emulsion studies revealed that the alkaline phosphatase positive and negative cell populations were responsive to the TGF-beta mitogenic stimulation. The cumulative findings of saturable binding, specific cell surface binding proteins, and biological effects suggest that functional TGF-beta cell surface receptors are present on primary osteoblast-enriched cultures derived from adult human trabecular bone.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":45957846,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1973618010","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3109\/03008209209006996","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: The Angolan Ministry of Health is prioritizing the strengthening of the national health system at the district level. To attain this objective, the Angolan Ministry of Health decided to develop a national telemedicine network in partnership with the Geneva University Hospitals (HUG) and the Portuguese Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (IHMT). Methods: Telemedicine units were created in strategic locations to enable distance education and tele-expertise activities, using software developed by HUG adapted to local conditions. Selected participants in each site were trained with regards to the use of the tools. A survey using questionnaires distributed to all participants was conducted to evaluate user satisfaction and the impact of the tools. Data were analysed using a descriptive statistical model. Additionally, two working groups were held to discuss difficulties and find appropriate solutions. Results: Seven telemedicine units were established, and 107 health professionals were trained. Regarding distance education activities, over 70 courses were designed and webcast, and 95.6% of participants answered our survey showing a high level of overall satisfaction. Uptake of tele-expertise activities was poor. Only 3 cases were discussed, and 4.7% of participants answered the survey. This was explained by low levels of computer literacy and motivation among the participants. The lack of a legislative framework and internet access in some places also played a role. Financial constraints halted the process of extension of the network to additional sites. Conclusion: More research is needed to assess the impact of the network, to understand how to scale-up to other sites, and to conduct a cost-benefit analysis to justify the pursuit of the investments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":169269113,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2800683985","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A new algorithm to analyze Langmuir probe (LP) data has been developed with Daubechies (DWT) and bi-orthogonal wavelet transforms (BWT), which remove the noise from the raw data without losing important information. The first derivative of the LP signal is processed using BWT and its result readily provides the peak value, which corresponds to the plasma potential. The LP data processed using DWT provides the saturation current lines directly, which corresponds to the electron and ion saturation currents. The region required to obtain the electron temperature can be automatically determined from the plasma potential to the end of the ion saturation current line so that the input from the analyzer is not required to continue the analysis. The plasma density can be obtained from the electron saturation current and the electron temperature. Accuracy tests of the algorithm are carried out with simulation probe data containing various levels of random noise. The results show that the algorithm based on the wavelet transforms removes noise effectively and that the plasma parameters are obtained accurately.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":43677905,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To examine the effects of GLUT-1 on GLUT-4-dependent, insulin-stimulated, and contraction-stimulated 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) transport, we overexpressed GLUT-1 in metabolically heterogeneous skeletal muscles [red and white tibialis anterior (TA) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL)] via 7 days of chronic electrical stimulation. GLUT-1 was increased 1.6- to 16.4-fold (P < 0.05). Basal 2-DG transport was increased 1.7- to 3.0-fold (P < 0.05) and was equal to (red TA and EDL; P > 0.05) or exceeded insulin-stimulated 2-DG transport by 50% (white TA; P < 0.05) in the control muscles. GLUT-4 was concomitantly overexpressed (2.1- to 4.4-fold; P < 0.05). Insulin-stimulated 2-DG transport was increased 1.6- to 2.5-fold (P < 0.05). During muscle contractions, 2-DG transport increased 9- to 12-fold (P < 0.05) in control muscles, but this was reduced by approximately 25% (P < 0.05) in muscles overexpressing GLUT-1 and GLUT-4 (red TA and EDL). In contrast, in the experiment, white TA contraction-stimulated 2-DG transport was increased 1.7-fold (P < 0.05). Therefore, overexpression of GLUT-1, when GLUT-4 is also overexpressed, does not impair insulin-stimulated 2-DG transport, although contraction-stimulated transport may be reduced in some muscles.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":46561212,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2417833887","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1152\/AJPENDO.1996.271.3.E547","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Action research has been recognized as a useful professional development tool for teaching, but for inservice teachers, conducting action research can be challenging. Their learning about action research can be influenced by social situations\u23afwhether in an MA (Master of Arts) program or other professional development. The purpose of this longitudinal case study is to examine how the participants' understandings about action research changed over time in a MA program, the participants' understandings about action research, and the outcomes of doing this research. Various data were collected from semi-structured interviews, informal conversations, e-mail messages, and the participants' final action research paper and follow-up interviews. We discovered both strengths and weaknesses of the program on learning and continuously using action research as teaching tools through the participants' perceptions and consequences of action research. The study concludes with suggestions on how MA inservice teacher education programs can incorporate action research that can be a meaningful professional development tool and develop ways to ensure the quality of research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":56262963,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2141344243","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"With increasing conviction, the clinical impressions derived from family therapy and the results of a handful of experiments have fostered the view that the family of an individual patient is an \"abnormal\" one, different in some ways from \"normal\" families. The investigation of family interaction assumes that this difference is demonstrable and seeks to identify the parameters involved. Of course, this effort is still in its beginning stages, but it already seems to contain the promise of a new set of research observations for the behavior scientist, and an expanded therapeutic horizon for the psychotherapist. Part of a larger research project, the study reported in this paper enlarges upon Ferreira's 3 previous investigation of family decision-making in normal and abnormal families. It inquires into the conjoint behavior of the family triad (father, mother, and child) while making a family decision, that is, a decision","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":29281616,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2046594079","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/ARCHPSYC.1965.01730030020004","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper moves from the necessity of understanding the implications of landscape changes, as it is a very important issue for the sustainable planning of rural areas. \nThe observation of the current decrease in rural landscape, which is mainly due to both abandonment and the uncontrolled and rapid spreading of certain urban areas, especially underlines the pressure on rural-urban fringes. The attention to these areas is increasing, as policy makers and institutions recognise their particular role in the balance of rural landscape and, as a consequence, the particular issues and requirements. \nThe paper aims at the definition and testing of an integrated system for the analysis and the evaluation of the effects of agricultural and urban policies on land use change and landscape, in order to supply policy makers and public administrators with an important tool for the decision making process.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":150504257,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"115813762","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1400\/96975","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\nHispanics comprise 17% of the total U.S. population, surpassing African-Americans as the largest minority group. Linguistically, almost 60 million people speak a language other than English. This language diversity can create barriers and additional burden and risk when seeking health services. Patients with Limited English Proficiency (LEP) for example, have been shown to experience a disproportionate risk of poor health outcomes, making the provision of Language Services (LS) in healthcare facilities critical. Research on the determinants of LS adoption has focused more on overall cultural competence and internal managerial decision-making than on measuring LS adoption as a process outcome influenced by contextual or external factors. The current investigation examines the relationship between state policy, service area factors, and hospital characteristics on hospital LS adoption.\n\n\nMETHODS\nWe employ a cross-sectional analysis of survey data from a national sample of hospitals in the American Hospital Association (AHA) database for 2011 (N= 4876) to analyze hospital characteristics and outcomes, augmented with additional population data from the American Community Survey (ACS) to estimate language diversity in the hospital service area. Additional data from the National Health Law Program (NHeLP) facilitated the state level Medicaid reimbursement factor.\n\n\nRESULTS\nOnly 64% of hospitals offered LS. Hospitals that adopted LS were more likely to be not-for-profit, in areas with higher than average language diversity, larger, and urban. Hospitals in above average language diverse counties had more than 2-fold greater odds of adopting LS than less language diverse areas [Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 2.26, P< 0.01]. Further, hospitals with a strategic orientation toward diversity had nearly 2-fold greater odds of adopting LS (AOR: 1.90, P< 0.001).\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nOur findings support the importance of structural and contextual factors as they relate to healthcare delivery. Healthcare organizations must address the needs of the population they serve and align their efforts internally. Current financial incentives do not appear to influence adoption of LS, nor do Medicaid reimbursement funds, thus suggesting that further alignment of incentives. Organizational and system level factors have a place in disparities research and warrant further analysis; additional spatial methods could enhance our understanding of population factors critical to system-level health services research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":123420,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2013235713","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15171\/ijhpm.2014.95","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.ijhpm.com\/article_2895_56c83dabc2209dcea0d88888a19e6cd8.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We exploit a regulatory change in Singapore to analyze the capital market effects of mandatory quarterly reporting. The listing rule implemented in 2003 has required firms with a market capitalization above S$75 million\u2014but not firms with a market capitalization below this threshold\u2014to publish quarterly financial statements. Using regression discontinuity analysis for our identification, we provide novel evidence of the causal effects of mandatory quarterly reporting on small firms. We find a 5 percent decrease in firm value, consistent with the notion that mandatory quarterly reporting is perceived as a net burden for small firms. Contrary to popular belief, we cannot find evidence of informational benefits or myopic investment for firms around the threshold. Additional tests suggest positive information spillover effects from large mandatory quarterly reporters to non-quarterly reporting firms.\n JEL Classifications:\u2002M41; M48.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":2,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":158503695,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2891143184","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2308\/ACCR-52212","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. Stratospheric aerosol particles with diameters larger than about 10\u202fnm were collected within the arctic vortex during two polar flight campaigns: RECONCILE in winter\u00a02010 and ESSenCe in winter\u00a02011. Impactors were installed on board the aircraft M-55 Geophysica, which was operated from Kiruna, Sweden. Flights were performed at a height of up to 21\u202fkm and some of the particle samples were taken within distinct polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). The chemical composition, size and morphology of refractory particles were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. During ESSenCe no refractory particles with diameters above 500 nm were sampled. In total 116 small silicate, Fe-rich, Pb-rich and aluminum oxide spheres were found. In contrast to ESSenCe in early winter, during the late-winter RECONCILE mission the air masses were subsiding inside the Arctic winter vortex from the upper stratosphere and mesosphere, thus initializing a transport of refractory aerosol particles into the lower stratosphere. During RECONCILE, 759 refractory particles with diameters above 500\u202fnm were found consisting of silicates, silicate\u202f\u2215\u202fcarbon mixtures, Fe-rich particles, Ca-rich particles and complex metal mixtures. In the size range below 500\u202fnm the presence of soot was also proven. While the data base is still sparse, the general tendency of a lower abundance of refractory particles during PSC events compared to non-PSC situations was observed. The detection of large refractory particles in the stratosphere, as well as the experimental finding that these particles were not observed in the particle samples (upper size limit \u223c\u2009\u202f5\u202f\u00b5m) taken during PSC events, strengthens the hypothesis that such particles are present in the lower polar stratosphere in late winter and have provided a surface for heterogeneous nucleation during PSC formation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":3674711,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2289923755","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/ACP-16-8405-2016","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"DIII-D currently operates with a single- or double-null open divertor and graphite walls. Active particle control with a divertor cryopump has demonstrated density control, efficient helium exhaust, and reduction of the inventory of particles in the wall. Gas puffing of D{sub 2} and impurities has demonstrated reduction of the peak divertor beat flux by factors of 3--5 by radiation. A combination of active cryopumping and feedback-controlled D{sub 2} gas puffing has produced similar divertor heat flux reduction with density control. Experiments with neon puffing have shown that the radiation is equally-divided between a localized zone near the X-point and a mantle around the plasma core. The density in these experiments has also been controlled with cryopumping. These experimental results combined with modeling were used to develop the new Radiative Divertor for DIII-D. This is a double-null slot divertor with four cryopumps to provide particle control and neutral shielding for high-triangularity advanced tokamak discharges. UEDGE and DEGAS simulations, benchmarked to experimental data, have been used to optimize the design.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":123509656,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2092216921","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/0741-3335\/37\/11A\/012","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Melanocytic lesions are common and include both benign and malignant conditions. Benign melanocytic nevus may show varied microscopic features and should be differentiated from malignant lesions. In the present study, we analyse the histopathological pictures of different types of benign melanocytic nevi.Materials and methods: This study was a hospital based retrospective study and all the cases reported as melanocytic nevus in the period from Jan 2014 to June 2018 in the Department of Pathology, Manipal Teaching Hospital were retrieved and analysed in the study.Results: A total of 104 melanocytic lesions including 74 cases of benign melanocytic nevus were reported in the study period. Females were affected more with a female to male ratio of 1.8:1. The age range was 5 to 78 years with mean age of 28 years. Among the female patients, the commonest age group was 21-30 years while among the males; the most affected age group was 11-20. The commonest histopathological subtype was intradermal nevus comprising 73% cases followed by compound nevus. \u00a0On analysis of the different sites involved, face, head and neck were found to comprise 92% cases. Epidermal changes including hyperkeratosis, acanthosis were common in intradermal nevus. In most cases, tumor cells were arranged in nests. Melanin pigment was noted in majority of the cases. Secondary changes noted were chronic inflammation, fibrosis and multinucleated giant cells.Conclusion: Benign melanocytic nevus may present in varied age range and show wide spectrum of histological features. All pigmented lesions should be biopsied for its subtypes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":189053226,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2890990054","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3126\/JPN.V8I2.20891","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Examination of quantitative indicators of the publishing activity of researchers enables managers to assess basic research projects and programs in their organizations along the dimensions of quantity, quality, interdisciplinarity, internationally, degree of collaboration, etc. Combined with other indicators (e.g. professional and chronological ages of researchers, highest degree, degree conferring institution), they give management a good quantitative snapshot of some of the measurable aspects of their projects and programs. These literature indicators must be used very carefully in evaluation. For example, since they are statistical indicators, they are more valid when applied to groups of researchers than to an individual researcher. This paper illustrates the use of quantitative indicators in the evaluation of actual projects\/programs of federal agencies that support basic research. It also contains `field norm' tables that describe a number of statistical characteristics of randomly selected academic researchers working in six different R&D areas. These tables enable the R&D manager to compare his staff and its publication performance with a baseline measure of academic research performance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":2,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":11931344,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2153692404","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TEM.1983.6448601","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nurses play a key role in leading and delivering cardiac rehabilitation within multidisciplinary teams, and continually face new challenges. However, one aspect of service delivery that remains a particular issue and challenge within many cardiac rehabilitation services is poor patient uptake of phase 3 cardiac rehabilitation programmes. Although there are a variety of factors that may affect uptake, it has been identified that despite efforts lack of equal access for sub groups of patients such as women, those from socio-economically deprived groups, ethnic minority groups and the elderly, remains an issue. This article provides a review of the literature exploring the existing issues affecting attendance within these groups, and offers some recommendations for local changes in service delivery to overcome some of the identified barriers to non- engagement or early drop out from programmes. The aim of the article is to discuss ways in which nurses can strengthen the person-centred approach to identify wa...","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":73158765,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2095466168","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.12968\/BJCA.2013.8.1.15","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The loss function is a key component in deep learning models. A commonly used loss function for classification is the cross entropy loss, which is a simple yet effective application of information theory for classification problems. Based on this loss, many other loss functions have been proposed, e.g., by adding intra-class and inter-class constraints to enhance the discriminative ability of the learned features. However, these loss functions fail to consider the connections between the feature distribution and the model structure. Aiming at addressing this problem, we propose a channel correlation loss (CC-Loss) that is able to constrain the specific relations between classes and channels as well as maintain the intra-class and the inter-class separability. CC-Loss uses a channel attention module to generate channel attention of features for each sample in the training stage. Next, an Euclidean distance matrix is calculated to make the channel attention vectors associated with the same class become identical and to increase the difference between different classes. Finally, we obtain a feature embedding with good intra-class compactness and inter-class separability. Experimental results show that two different backbone models trained with the proposed CC-Loss outperform the state-of-the-art loss functions on three image classification datasets.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":222291498,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3093277750","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR48806.2021.9412069","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2010.05469"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyesters\/POSS nanocomposites were synthesized via in situ melt copolycondensation of terephthalic acid (TPA), poly(L-lactic acid) oligomer (OLLA), 1,4-butanediol (BDO) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) reagents (POSS-NH2 and POSS-PEG). The morphologies and dispersions of two POSS reagents in the nanocomposites and their effects on the mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. TEM and XRD characterizations confirmed that POSS-NH2 formed crystalline microaggregates and took poor dispersions in the nanocomposite, while POSS-PEG had better dispersion in the matrix. Due to the good dispersion and interfacial adhesion of POSS-PEG with the copolyester PBTL matrix, the tensile strength and the Young's modulus greatly increased for PBTL\/POSS-PEG nanocomposite. Moreover, compared with POSS-NH2 the existence of POSS-PEG imparted PBTL good flexibility and increased the mobility of the chains, so the glass-transition temperature and the heat of melting as well as the elongation at break were obviously influenced for PBTL\/POSS-PEG nanocomposite.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136993745,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2020181599","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.236-238.2028","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: The prevalence of chronic diseases has increased during the past decades, suggesting that primary prevention about health behaviour may be important. The general practitioner (GP) can positively affect patients' behavioural choices. But often GP's report a lack of time which makes it difficult to provide preventive counselling. The objective in this study is to develop a programme delivered by GP's that empowers adults (18 to 65 years old) to make changes in physical activity and dietary behaviours. Methods: The Intervention Mapping Protocol (IMP) was used for the systematic development of this programme. By the elaboration of the six steps of the IMP, theoretical and empirical methods were used and programme objectives (PO's), theoretical methods and practical applications were stated. Findings: The systematic development resulted in a tablet based eHealth programme existing of three parts, based on the self-regulation theory: goal selection (1), active goal pursuit (2) and goal attainment (3). The PO for patients is to develop their own action plan that states which behaviour they will perform, when, where and how they will deal with difficult situations. Methods used are self-regulation, computer-tailoring, planning coping responses, goal setting, implementation intentions and selfmonitoring of behaviour. For GP's the most important PO is to motivate their patients to use the programme. Discussion: The IMP resulted in the development of a flexible eHealth programme, used for developing action plans by patients to achieve health goals. This programme will be delivered in general practice by the use of tablets. It is expected that this programme solves the problem of time burden because it provides tailored information and empowers patients to change their behaviour themselves. To ensure the feasibility, focus group research have to be conducted in general practice. Also a pilot test to evaluate the acceptability, feasibility and efficacy of this programme will be performed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":2,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":68067559,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"34941969","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study assessed of youth involvement in agricultural production in Sabon Gari Local Government Area. The data used for this study were collected using interview schedule administered to 112 respondents who were selected through multi-stage sampling procedure. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages and means were used to analyze the data. The result revealed that majority (95.5%) of the respondents were males; between 26\u201330 years of age (33.9%), had formal education (46.4%), married (66.0%); had household size of 1\u20135 (54.4%); had farm size of 1\u20132 ha for crops (57.2%), and had a hard size of 1-6 cattle (85.7%). Also, the study also revealed that 69.6% of the respondents were involved in crop production with about (1-5 tonnes) output of major grains. Furthermore, constraints limiting youth involvement in agricultural production were identified as inadequate capital (M=3.8); inadequate modern implements (M=3.7); difficulty in accessing loan (M=3.7); and inadequate extension services (M=3.6). The study recorded effective involvement of youth in agricultural production (79.4%). The study recommends that the youth should form themselves into functional cooperatives so that they can mobilize funds for their farming activities. Furthermore, more extension workers should be employed to enhance extension services delivery especially in fisheries in the study area.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":156042360,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2291993388","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A new approach to obtain visible luminescence from sol-gel derived SiOC films is proposed. This novel method is based on a simple processing route to produce nanostructured multicomponent ceramics. According to this route, hybrid sol-gel derived precursors are converted to ceramic materials by a pyrolysis process in controlled atmosphere at 800-1000\u00b0C. Higher temperatures lead to formation of Si-rich SiOC, C-rich SiOC or stoichiometric SiOC according to the starting composition. The final composition, which is relevant to line emission, can be easily controlled through a number of processing parameters like the composition of the preceramic gel and the heat treatment conditions. Thus, this new processing method seems very well suited for the production of white emitting materials since the Si- and C-based emission can be tuned across the visible spectral range from UV-blue to red by controlling film composition. A further advantage of this method is that the thin films can be formed on Si or quartz wafers and this can serve as starting material to process more complex photonic devices such as waveguides or LEDs. \n \nIn the amorphous state (800-100\u00b0C), all SiOC films showed UV-blue luminescence peaking at about 410 nm, which is attributed to defect states present in the matrix such as dangling bonds. The increase of the pyrolysis temperature (\u22651100\u00b0C) led to the partition of SiOC and formation of SiC, C and Si phases. The intense green-yellow luminescence observed in stoichiometric SiOC films caused by the presence of SiC and very low amount of free C. On the other hand, Si rich SiOC film showed a very broad and extremely intense white luminescence peak centred at 620 nm covering almost all visible range (430 nm-900 nm) at 1200 \u00b0C. This behaviour is explained by the simultaneous presence of SiC, C and Si in the film. External quantum efficiency measurements yielded 11.5% and 5% efficiencies in Si rich SiOC and stoichiometric SiOC films, respectively, pyrolysed at 1200\u00b0C. On the other hand, C rich SiOC films did not show any noticeable improvement in PL, indicating that C excess in the SiOC system is detrimental for the luminescence behaviour. \n \nSolutions which used in thin film production have been characterized extensively by means of several characterization properties. Moreover, the related powders and bulks have been characterized for the sake of coherency and widen the study. In addition, a study on volumetric shrinkage of films and powders has been done. The results showed that the shrinkage in films happens almost 200\u00b0C earlier than powder and higher amount of siloxane release due to the low dimension, the shrinkage is higher than powders. \n \nThe last part of the study dedicated to two different systems, SiBOCs and SiOCNs, in order to understand the effect of the boron addition on SiOC system and study the optical properties of the SiOCN. Tunable (color emission change) SiOC films is obtained with high quantum efficiency by adding very few amount of boron in SiOC. Moreover, the processing temperature is decreased and very broad emission is obtained. Finally, results showed that SiOCN PDC gives very high emission in UV range and they are promising materials for UV-LEDs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":91317128,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"157499033","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Change is inevitable. Today more than ever the pace of change is accelerating. Where there is organizational change there will be resistance to this change. To deal with the resistance effectively university administrators must understand the nature and causes of resistance to change. Only by dealing effectively with resistance to change can organizational change be implemented successfully. This paper explores organizational change and the challenge it poses for universities. Because universities are slow to change due to maintaining a balance of tradition and change successful implementation of change will continue to be a challenge both now and in the future. The challenge of change is real but the task is not impossible. Historically, universities have met the challenges that faced them; they must be prepared to confront this challenge too.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":61736603,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2136731519","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Anna Maria Lenngren (nee Malmstedt, 1754-1817) was an eminent poet in Sweden during the 18th century and she is still known as one of Stockholms Posten's sharpest satirists. The early stage of her career as a translator, when she was recognised as \"mamsell Malmstedt\", had a great impact on her following work, which has been largely neglected. This master's thesis analyses her largest translations: Lucile (1776), Zemire och Azor (1778), Arsene (1779), and Dido til Eneas (1778), in comparison with their originals. Throughout the work with comparing the translations to their originals, it became clear that two expressions, often used to describe the female main characters in the texts, are frequently added and\/or emphasized in mamsell Malmstedt's translations: virtue (dygd) and folly (darskap). Through these expressions, Malmstedt changes the stories and themes of the original texts, and through her use of virtue and folly in her translations, we get access to a background, to a world of ideas, that can give us a greater understanding of her own poems and of her thoughts about being a writing woman in Sweden during the 18th century.To develop a better understanding of this world of ideas, this thesis takes its starting-point in the history of virtue, and uses a feminist literary theory by Sandra Gilbert and Susan Gubar, which explains how and why women's roles in literature, as either angels or monsters, have had a great impact on female writers throughout history. Gilbert and Gubar's theories are of great interest for this thesis since the female main characters in Anna Maria Malmstedt's translations, defined by either virtue or folly, could be seen as ancestors of the angelic and monstrous characters that Gilbert and Gubar are discussing.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":190404246,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"601724352","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Difficult intubation (DI), often unexpected, remains a primary concern for anesthesiologists. The purpose of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of ULBT with sternomental, thyromental and interincisor distances in predicting difficult intubation.\nMethods: In a prospective study, 380 patients undergoing general anesthesia were included. In all patients sternomental, thyromental and inter-incisor distances and the ULBT score were evaluated preoperatively. The Cormack grade was determined after the induction of anesthesia and grade 3 or 4 was considered as difficult intubation. The best points with highest accuracy were determined by ROC curve. Sensitivity and specificity of these tests in predicting difficult intubation were calculated and evaluated.\nResults: In 19 (5%) patients, intubation was difficult. ULBT class III, inter-incisor distance less than 4.5 cm, thyromental distance less than 6.5 cm, sternomental distance less than 13 cm were considered as difficult intubation and there were significant differences between them and laryngeal view (P<0.05, McNemar) but there was no difference between laryngeal view in both sex. The sensitivity and specificity of ULBT is significantly higher than thyromental and sternomental and Inter-incisor distances (the specificity were respectively 91.96% vs. 64.77%, 70% and 82.27% and accuracy were respectively 91.05% vs. 76.58%, 71.32%, 81.84% and 59.53%)\nConclusion: We conclude that the specificity and accuracy of ULBT is significantly higher than inter-incisor, thyromental and sternomental distances and is more accurate in airway assessment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":73893847,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2242543865","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recognizes glaciers as the best land-indicator of climate change. A variety of studies have concluded, using both modeling and field studies, that above all climate parameters precipitation, particularly winter precipitation, and summer temperature controls the change in glacier mass balance. With global warming almost all glaciers on Earth are losing mass. In this study, the summit-glacier constituting Kebnekaise's south summit (called the Southern-summit henceforth), Sweden's highest point, is studied to see how it is affected by winter precipitation and summer temperature during the period 1968\u20132013. Whether the Southern-summit reacts on climate fluctuations, during the period 1968\u20132012, in the same way as the two adjacent glaciers Storglaciaren and Rabots glacier is also studied. The Southern-summit with its maximum height at 2120 m a.s.l. in 1968 shrinks at an average rate of 0.35 m\/yr. The Southern-summit is according to measurements in 2013, 2100 m a.s.l., only 3 m higher than Sweden's second highest point, the Kebnekaise north summit. With the general decrease of the Southern-summit's height, it can take up to 10 years before it is permanently not Sweden's highest point, but only a couple of years until, at least temporarily, it becomes Sweden's second highest point, it should be noted that is a simplification. Regression analyzes indicate that there is a weaker correlation between the height of the Southern-summit and the other climate indicators during the period 1984\u20132013 than during the period 1968\u20131983. Because of the lack of research on summit-glaciers, it is difficult to determine why the correlation between the various factors is better in the earlier period, however, some possible theories might be: (1) Meteorological data must be viewed as a system and not as two individual parameters. (2) Because of the Southern-summit's size it is more sensitive to climate change than the surrounding glaciers. (3) The Southern-summit has undergone two greater reductions in height of 10 m during two short periods and may have reached some kind of minimum value where ablation and accumulation patterns are not as expected.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":127273227,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"378703703","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The foundational ecosystem processes of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) cannot be measured directly but can be modeled in aquatic ecosystems from subdaily patterns of oxygen (O2) concentrations. Because rivers and streams constantly exchange O2 with the atmosphere, models must either use empirical estimates of the gas exchange rate coefficient (K600) or solve for all three parameters (GPP, ER, and K600) simultaneously. Empirical measurements of K600 require substantial field work and can still be inaccurate. Three\u2010parameter models have suffered from equifinality, where good fits to O2 data are achieved by many different parameter values, some unrealistic. We developed a new three\u2010parameter, multiday model that ensures similar values for K600 among days with similar physical conditions (e.g., discharge). Our new model overcomes the equifinality problem by (1) flexibly relating K600 to discharge while permitting moderate daily deviations and (2) avoiding the oft\u2010violated assumption that residuals in O2 predictions are uncorrelated. We implemented this hierarchical state\u2010space model and several competitor models in an open\u2010source R package, streamMetabolizer. We then tested the models against both simulated and field data. Our new model reduces error by as much as 70% in daily estimates of K600, GPP, and ER. Further, accuracy benefits of multiday data sets require as few as 3 days of data. This approach facilitates more accurate metabolism estimates for more streams and days, enabling researchers to better quantify carbon fluxes, compare streams by their metabolic regimes, and investigate controls on aquatic activity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":135060292,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2789447682","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/2017JG004140","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Over the past years, it has become more common in industry to use virtual manufacturing applications such as robotic simulations, FEM-analysis and factory flow simulation in various stages of the development of products and production facilities. As a result, today's industry struggles with providing sufficient data for the growing virtual manufacturing activities, especially in situations where multiple subcontractors and project partners are involved. However, there have seldom been any specific requirements on the data shared by these engineering tools. This paper describes a project for maintaining context, semantic and structure on information acquired by VMS applications in an adequate way. The use of standards associated with this kind of work is strongly advocated. Therefore, standards covering different areas have to be considered and combined in order to form a solid foundation for the project.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":106652667,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"600657415","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This literature review is one of three \noutputs from a project: Explicating \nthe role of partnerships in changing \nthe health and well-being of local \ncommunities, one of a number of \nprojects in a larger Higher Education \nFunding Council Strategic \nDevelopment Fund project (HEFCE) \nentitled: Urban Regeneration: Making \na Difference. This was a collaborative \nventure between Manchester \nMetropolitan University, Northumbria \nUniversity, University of Salford and \nUniversity of Central Lancashire. \nBradford University was an affiliated \npartner.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":153941011,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1598828747","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Leptin and ghrelin are the two major hormones which regulate food intake and energy balance. They have also been reported to have pleiotropic functions, including the modulation of ovarian function via the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian system or in a direct manner to the ovaries. Blood leptin levels increase over the menstrual cycle and peak at the time of the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. Leptin secreted from adipocytes acts on the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to stimulate the secretion of GnRH and gonadotropins. In the ovaries, high levels of leptin inhibit follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced steroid secretion and follicular development. Ghrelin, secreted by the stomach, has been reported to modulate GnRH secretion in the hypothalamus and to affect FSH and LH secretion, as well as steroidogenesis in the ovaries. Knockout of these hormones leads to impaired fertility. However, the mechanism of the direct effects of leptin and ghrelin on the ovaries has not been well elucidated. In the present study, we investigated the effects of leptin and ghrelin on the ovarian steroidogenesis using primary culture of rat granulosa cells, by focusing on the ovarian bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) system, which plays an important role in follicular development and steroidogenesis and acts as a luteinizing inhibitor. The results showed that treatment with leptin (1 to 300 ng\/mL) did not affect either estradiol (E2) or progesterone (P4) production, but enhanced FSH-induced P4 production at low concentrations (10 ng\/mL). On the other hand, treatment with ghrelin (1 to 300 nM) did not affect E2 and P4 production, but enhanced FSH-induced P4 production in a concentration-responsive manner. The mRNA levels of the follicular steroid synthases (StAR, P450scc, 3\u03b2HSD, 20\u03b1HSD) were examined. Leptin treatment enhanced 3\u03b2HSD mRNA levels. Both leptin treatment and ghrelin treatment decreased FSH-induced 20\u03b1HSD mRNA levels. However, both treatments decreased FSH-induced cAMP production. In addition, leptin treatment tended to suppress the transcriptional activity of Id-1 induced by BMP-6. Collectively, these results indicate that both leptin and ghrelin enhance FSH-induced P4 production by suppressing BMP signaling in rat granulosa cells. It was thus suggested that leptin and ghrelin which regulate food intake and energy balance can also act as endogenous regulators for the modulation of P4 synthesis and luteinizing process by ovarian follicles. Presentation: No date and time listed","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":263741371,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1210\/jendso\/bvac150.1363","PubMedCentral":"9625234","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jes\/article-pdf\/6\/Supplement_1\/A659\/46731995\/bvac150.1363.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"It is well known that multi-particle integral equations of collision theory, in general, are not compact. At the same time it has been shown that the motion of three and four particles is described with consistent integral equations. In particular, by using identical transformations of the kernel of the Lipman-Schwinger equation for certain classes of potentials Faddeev obtained Fredholm type integral equations for three-particle problems $[1]$. The motion of for bodies is described by equations of Yakubovsky and Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas-Khelashvili $[2.3]$, which are obtained as a result of two subsequent transpormations of the kernel of Lipman-Schwinger equation. in the case of $N>4$ the compactness of multi-particle equations has not been proven yet. In turn out that for sufficiently high energies the $N$-particle $\\left( {N \\ge 3} \\right)$ dynamic equations have correct asymptotic solutions satisfying unitary condition $[4]$. In present paper by using the Heitler formalism we obtain the results briefly summarized in Ref. [4]. In particular, on the bases of Heitler's equation [5] a unitary asymptotic solution of the system of $N$-particle scattering integral equations is found, which represents a generalization to any number of particles of the result of Ref. $[6]$ obtained for three particles.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":118360122,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"810807600","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1312.0865"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We describe a detailed model for the dynamical and spectral properties of quantum dash (quantum wire assembly) lasers. We use a self-consistent semiclassical theory for a multimode laser field which interacts with an inhomogeneously broadened assembly of quantum wires via the quantum mechanical radiation-matter interaction. Our comprehensive coupled equations are spectrally resolved enabling to study accurately the effect of the gain inhomogeneity. Carrier-carrier and carrier-phonon scattering are also included. We highlight the effective capture rate which is determined by the ratio between the number of states in the reservoir and in the assembly, the energetic region into which carriers are captured and the width of the inhomogeneously broadened gain. Specifically, we demonstrate that a large number of states ratio lowers both the linear optical differential gain and the nonlinear gain coefficient. We show that gain suppression dominates when a realistic energy range into which capture takes place is considered as well as for small number of states ratios. In addition, we show that the width of the inhomogeneous broadening plays a relatively small role. We conclude that the differential gain and nonlinear damping can not be optimized simultaneously. These results point therefore to the clear advantages offered by laser structures which employ non conventional carrier injection schemes such as tunnelling barrier or n-type \/spl delta\/-doping regions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":34341921,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2013263086","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JQE.2004.834557","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Holocene Impact Working Group (HIWG) has identified the location of at least eight impacts into the world's oceans in the Late Holocene. Each of these was capable of generating large tsunami that should have left a geological footprint on adjacent shorelines. We have identified from shoreline tsunami deposits five known impact events (Fig. 1), two of which are associated with impact craters identified by the HIWG. The other three are associated with legends and historical descriptions. This paper presents the chronology of tsunami events in New South Wales (NSW) and Western Australia (WA)-on opposite coasts of Australia, and in the UK that are linked to impact events.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":54654475,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1572610046","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Single-photon avalanche diodes (SPADs) are an emerging technology with a unique capability of capturing individual photons with high timing precision. SPADs are being used in several active imaging systems (e.g., fluorescence lifetime microscopy and LiDAR), albeit mostly limited to low photon flux settings. We propose passive free-running SPAD (PF-SPAD) imaging, an imaging modality that uses SPADs for capturing 2D intensity images with unprecedented dynamic range under ambient lighting, without any active light source. Our key observation is thatthe precise inter-photon timing measured by a SPAD can be used for estimating scene brightness under ambient lighting conditions, even for very bright scenes. We develop a theoretical model for PF-SPAD imaging, and derive a scene brightness estimator based on the average time of darkness between successive photons detected by a PF-SPAD pixel. Our key insight is that due to the stochastic nature of photon arrivals, this estimator does not suffer from a hard saturation limit. Coupled with high sensitivity at low flux, this enables a PF-SPAD pixel to measure a wide range of scene brightnesses, from very low to very high, thereby achieving extreme dynamic range. We demonstrate an improvement of over 2 orders of magnitude over conventional sensors by imaging scenes spanning a dynamic range of 10^6:1.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":67856250,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2917214714","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2019.00692","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1902.10190"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a serious concern facing veterans returning from Iraq and Afghanistan. Rates of comorbidity between PTSD and alcohol use are high among veterans, and pose great challenges to treatment. Sleep disturbances and alcohol misuse often co-occur in those diagnosed with PTSD. Previous research suggests that there are complex biological and behavioral links between sleep disturbances, PTSD, and alcohol use. Mechanisms that explain the associations between sleep, PTSD, and alcohol outcomes warrant further investigation. \n \nMethods: In the current study, we tested a path model of the associations between PTSD symptom clusters (avoidance, intrusion, arousal, negative mood and cognition), sleep disturbances and alcohol consumption, and related problems among 168 Iraq and Afghanistan veterans. \n \nResults: The association between negative mood and cognition and alcohol problems was significantly mediated by sleep impairment and alcohol use. Arousal was also directly associated with alcohol problems, over and above sleep, alcohol use, and the other PTSD clusters. Intrusion, arousal and avoidance symptoms were not significantly associated with sleep disturbances. \n \nConclusion: These results indicate that negative alterations in mood and cognition may be a key cluster to focus future interventions in an attempt to decrease problematic drinking in veterans with PTSD symptoms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":232818482,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3117651552","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.37532\/2324-8947.2020.9(6).213","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"PURPOSE\nTo compare personality profiles of internal medicine residents with those of the general population and positive role models in medicine.\n\n\nMETHOD\nA widely used personality inventory, NEO PI-R, which measures five major personality factors and 30 important personality facets, was administered in 1998 to 104 physicians in internal medicine residency and earlier to a nationwide sample of 188 physicians selected as positive role models in medicine.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThe internal medicine residents, compared with the general population, were more likely to be attentive, to have deeper intellectual curiosity, to have higher aspiration levels, to have more vivid imaginations, to be more receptive to their emotions, to be interested in mental stimulation, and to think carefully before acting. The residents, compared with role models in medicine, were less eager to face challenges, less able to control their impulses, less able to cope with adversity, less easygoing, and less relaxed, but were more likely to crave excitement.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nInternal medicine residents and positive role models in medicine have some distinct personal qualities. Understanding the qualities of successful physicians can be helpful in career counseling of medical students and young physicians.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":824227,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1972685552","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-199912000-00017","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00001888-199912000-00017","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sheep breeding is the traditional livelihood strategy of ten thousands of pastoralists inhabiting the drought-prone state of Rajasthan in Western India. Until the mid 1990s, sheep husbandry represented a fairly attractive economic option, generating income from wool, mutton, and dung. In recent years the situation has changed to the worse, mostly due to macro-economic developments, such as a global oversupply of wool that is depressing prices, and a series of droughts undermining demand for dung. A three-year project that conforms to the criteria of \"People-Centred Livestock Development\" (PCLD) was initiated in 2003, with the goal of improving economic returns from sheep breeding and thereby maintaining it as a viable livelihood option for Raika pastoralists. In a participatory process, four aspects of the sheep husbandry system were identified for possible interventions: disease control, breeding, marketing, and access to grazing and feed resources. Two years into the project, the following conclusions can be drawn: with respect to breeding and local marketing, the sheep breeders have already arrived at optimal solutions, and it is difficult to conceive any improvements. Disease control and access to grazing have emerged as the sectors where the project sees a potential for removing the systemic constraints. Improved disease control is approached by offering vaccinations against sheep pox, FMD, and other diseases, as well as teaching herd owners how to distinguish between genuine and fake medicines available on the market. The grazing problems are more difficult, but even more crucial, to tackle: sheep breeders have resolved to take legal action in order to regain their ancestral grazing rights that have been impinged upon by a wildlife sanctuary. The project results support the conclusions of a study produced by the FAO's Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Facility that renders the organisational strengthening of livestock keepers and of building strong associations as most promising and crucial strategy for improving the livelihoods of marginal livestock keepers. This inference has several noteworthy implications for the orientation of livestock research that claims to help marginalised people.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":195185431,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Two sampling techniques, nasal swabbing and oropharyngeal swabbing, for detection of the upper respiratory tract carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were studied prospectively with 296 healthy Filipino infants at various ages: 6 to 8, 10 to 12, 14 to 17, 18 to 22, 32 to 39, and 46 to 65 weeks. In all age groups S. pneumoniae was isolated significantly more often (P < 0.0001) from the nasal site than from the oropharyngeal site. H. influenzae was found equally often at both sites.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":37402102,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1604975186","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.33.11.3077-3079.1995","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/jcm.asm.org\/content\/jcm\/33\/11\/3077.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Choosing one option from a sequence of possibilities seen one at a time is a common problem facing agents whenever resources, such as mates or habitats, are distributed in time or space. Optimal algorithms have been developed for solving a form of this sequential search task known as the Dowry Problem (finding the highest dowry in a sequence of 100 values); here we explore whether continuous time recurrent neural networks (CTRNNs) can be evolved to perform adaptively in Dowry Problem scenarios, as an example of minimally cognitive behavior [Beer, 1996]. We show that even 4-neuron CTRNNs can successfully solve this sequential search problem, and we offer some initial analysis of how they can achieve this feat","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":89569822,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2543059172","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To investigate aircraft accidents, multiple postmortem biological samples of victims are submitted to the Civil Aeromedical Institute for toxicological evaluation. However, depending upon the nature of a particular accident, their body components are often scattered, disintegrated, commingled, contaminated, and\/or putrefied. These factors impose difficulties with victim identification, tissue matching, and consequently authentic sample analysis and result interpretation. Nevertheless, these limitations can be overpowered by DNA typing. In this regard, three situations are hereby exemplified where DNA analysis was instrumental in resolving a tissue mismatching\/commingling issue, pinpointing an accessioning\/analytical error, and interpreting an unusual analytical result. Biological samples from these cases were examined for six independently inherited genetic loci using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) suitable for analyzing degraded DNA generally encountered in putrefied\/contaminated samples. In the first situation, three of five specimen bags from one accident were labeled with two different names. DNA analysis revealed that one of these bags actually had commingled specimens, originating from two different individuals. Therefore, the sample was excluded from the final toxicological evaluation. In the second situation, an unacceptable blind control result was reported in a cyanide batch analysis. By comparing DNA profiles of the batch samples with those of the known positive and negative blind controls, it was concluded that the error had occurred during the analysis instead of accessioning. Accordingly, preventive measures were taken at the analytical level. The third situation was related to the presence of atropine at toxic concentrations in the blood (318 ng\/mL) and lung (727 ng\/g) with its absence in the liver, spleen, and brain. DNA analysis of the blood and liver samples exhibited their common identity, ensuring that the submitted samples had indeed originated from one individual. The selective presence of atropine was attributed to its possible administration into the thoracic cavity by the emergency medical personnel at the accident site for resuscitation, but circulatory failure prevented its further distribution. These examples clearly demonstrate the applicability of the PCR-based DNA typing to enhance the effectiveness of forensic toxicology operation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":12214736,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"186520198","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1520\/JFS14433J","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study investigated perceptions of organizational change management among executive coaches working with British higher-education leaders and factors that make leaders effective when managing change. This basic qualitative research used semi-structured interviews with eight executive coaches selected through purposeful sampling. As main challenges to efficient, inclusive change management, participants mentioned leaders' lack of a strategic vision or plan, lack of leadership and future leader development programs, and lack of clarity in decision-making. They recognized that leaders' academic and professional profiles are positively viewed and said that, with coaching and support in leadership and strategic planning, these people can inspire the academic community and promote positive change. Additional emphasis was given to the role of coaching in the development of key soft skills (honesty, responsibility, resiliency, creativity, proactivity, and empathy, among others), which are necessary for effective change management and leadership in higher education. The paper's implications have two aspects. First, the lessons of the actual explicit content of the coaches' observations (challenges to efficient change management and views of leaders); second, the implications of these observations (how coaching can help and what leaders need).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":236425137,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3169834154","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/EDUCSCI11060269","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract This article explores grammatical and functional properties of mi-nominalizations in Japanese Wakamono Kotoba 'youth language.' In the standard variety, the suffix -mi nominalizes an adjective stem: fuka-mi 'deep-nmlz' (= 'profoundness'). This suffix is also used in youth language, but its productivity has expanded considerably. To mention a few, -mi applies to not only an adjective (stem) but also a verb, a noun, a pronoun, their phrasal counterparts, and even an onomatopoeia. We claim that these properties of -mi are flexibly captured in the framework of nominalization recently proposed by Masayoshi Shibatani. This framework leads us to describe further unique properties of mi-nominalization, such as \"double nominalization\" where an already-nominalized form undergoes a further nominalization process and the \"sentential use\" of a nominalized structure where a nominalized element functions as a sentence, with which an illocutionary speech act is performed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":226327326,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3094036736","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1075\/prag.20006.ser","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Robot-mounted grippers are used to position, immobilize, and manipulate parts and assemblies during manufacturing. In the design of these systems, the gripper assembly is customized to each part. Due to the large number of design variables and unique design needs for each gripper, automation of gripper assemblies has been limited, especially where multiple gripper types are used to grasp a part. To this end, this paper presents an evolutionary approach that synthesizes and optimizes grasps and gripper assembly layouts using two different gripper types\u2014suction cups and magnets\u2014from the geometric models of sheet metal parts. The method first generates an option space of gripper placement on the suitable faces of the part model. Then, a genetic algorithm generates grasps on this option space by varying both the count and locations of each gripper type. Through generations, these grasps are optimized against five criteria and one constraint: factor of safety, cost, residual moment, deflection, frame weight, and gripper clearance. These criteria are combined into a single criterion that represents a pareto condition for assessing the grasps. The algorithm is implemented in software code for validation, and the paper presents detailed validation of the algorithm using four sheet metal parts. The results show that the algorithm improves the grasp from all six aspects, when started from either program-assigned or user-defined initial grasps. The high agreement between the final grasp designs resulting from multiple runs of the algorithm on a part illustrates the stability and repeatability of the algorithm.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":256532308,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1115\/1.4056805","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe organ failure occurring mainly in critically ill patients as a result of different types of insults such as sepsis, trauma or aspiration. Sepsis is the main cause of ARDS, and it contributes to a high mortality and resources consumption both in hospital setting and in the community. ARDS develops mainly an acute respiratory failure with severe and often refractory hypoxemia. ARDS also has long term implications and sequelae. Endothelial damage plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ARDS. Understanding the mechanisms of ARDS presents opportunities for novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Biochemical signals can be used in concert to identify and classify patients into ARDS phenotypes allowing earlier effective treatment with personalised therapies. This is a narrative review where we aimed to flesh out the pathogenetic mechanisms and heterogeneity of ARDS. We examine the links between endothelium damage and its contribution to organ failure. We have also investigated future strategies for treatment with a special emphasis in endothelial damage.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":259004204,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2023.1203827","PubMedCentral":"10272540","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fmed.2023.1203827\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Objective: This article discusses differences between a side impact procedure described in United Nations\/Economic Commission for Europe (UN\/ECE) Regulation 129 and scenarios observed in real-world cases. Methods: Numerical simulations of side impact tests utilizing different boundary conditions are used to compare the severity of the Regulation 129 test and the other tests with different kinematics of child restraint systems (CRSs). In the simulations, the authors use a validated finite element (FE) model of real-world CRSs together with a fully deformable numerical model of the Q3 anthropomorphic test device (ATD) by Humanetics Innovative Solution, Inc. Results: The comparison of 5 selected cases is based on the head injury criterion (HIC) index. Numerical investigations reveal that the presence of oblique velocity components or the way in which the CRS is mounted to the test bench seat fixture is among the significant factors influencing ATD kinematics. The results of analyses show that the side impact test procedure is very sensitive to these parameters. A side impact setup defined in Regulation 129 may minimize the effects of the impact. Conclusions: It is demonstrated that an artificial anchorage in the Regulation 129 test does not account for a rotation of the CRS, which should appear in the case of a realistic anchorage. Therefore, the adopted procedure generates the smallest HIC value, which is at the level of the far-side impact scenario where there are no obstacles. It is also shown that the presence of nonlateral acceleration components challenges the quality of a CRS and its headrest much more than a pure lateral setup.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":4053376,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2754982163","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/15389588.2017.1378813","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Private equity acquirers often purchase underperforming businesses and then cut costs and otherwise turn those businesses around for later sale. This approach has worked incredibly well, so much so that it has attracted a great deal of competition thereby making similar deals increasingly scarce. A potentially lucrative alternative to such deals are growth-based franchise opportunities. A \"franchise\" is Graham and Dodd nomenclature for a firm operating with a sustainable competitive advantage. A growth-based franchise opportunity arises when a franchise has unrecognized growth potential and thus can be purchased at a reasonable \"margin of safety,\" or discount from estimated value. The classic example of such an opportunity is Warren Buffett's 1995 GEICO acquisition. This article presents an approach for identifying, evaluating, and tracking the value realization of growth-based franchise deals in the context of the GEICO case. The approach integrates strategic, financial, and performance management concepts in a way that, it is hoped, will prove useful to future acquirers and researchers alike.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":153841247,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1991847646","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3905\/jpe.2011.14.2.006","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The exponent of the scaling of metabolic rate with body mass has been the subject of debate for more than a century. The argument is at two levels, one concerning questions of empirical support for the exponent and the other, how to derive it theoretically. At this second level, the exponent is usually treated as the outcome of an underlying physical burden and approached as the search for a natural law emerging within energetic and geometric constraints. Recently, a model relying on fractal geometry was proposed as a general explanation for the phenomenon. In the present study, a reanalysis of the fractal model is performed to verify its validity. All the conditions that allow for the connection between the geometric proposition and the allometric exponent are evaluated, as well as the energy loss minimization procedure put forward in the model. It is demonstrated that the minimization procedure is mathematically incorrect and ill-posed. Also, it is shown that none of the connecting conditions are fulfilled. Therefore, it is concluded that the fractal model lacks self-consistency and correct statement: it relies on strong assumptions of homogeneity in morpho-physiological features among organisms instead of demonstrating them, as claimed by its authors. It is proposed that empiricists and theoreticians should rather evaluate the frameworks for addressing metabolic scaling phenomena.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":23197521,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2050343202","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.006858","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Early diagnosis is the most effective means of reducing the currently high mortality rate associated with ovarian cancer. A better informed public and profession is aiding in this campaign. The palpation of what appears to be a normal-sized ovary in a premenopausal woman suggests an ovarian tumor in a postmenopausal woman. It is becoming obvious that ovarian cancer is a disease that affects the gastrointestinal tract, and physicians treating ovarian cancer should be prepared to deal with bowel-associated problems. The practice of tapping women with ascites for diagnosis as well as doing an exploration merely to obtain a biopsy should be discouraged. Unless the physician is prepared to carry out the optimal surgical approach for the patient, it is crucial that the patient be referred to either a center or to a physician who is actively engaged in the day-to-day care of cancer patients. Tumor markers such as CA125, alpha-fetoproteins, and human chorionic gonadotropin have been of help in monitoring the management of ovarian cancer. One of the most exciting areas of gynecologic oncology is the effort being made to diagnose ovarian cancer with immunologic techniques as well as treating the patient with immunotherapy. These methods promise a hope for early diagnosis and a method to control the disease without destroying a great deal of normal tissue. With the combined use of all the available treatment methods, patients with ovarian cancer are now living longer and more comfortably.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":23226550,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The results from subgroup regression analysis of the high-tech listed companies show that intellectual capital not only has a significant influence on corporate value creation, but also has a significant influence on the perception and evaluation to companies' market value by capital market. Company's life cycle indeed has significant effects on the relations between intellectual capital and corporate value. In different stage of life cycle, intellectual capital plays different roles in value creation and realization. The overall IC plays the most important role in the maturing stage of companies. While in the growth stage, human capital and innovation capital are the main elements of value creation and they both significantly enhance corporate value. In the stagnant stage, human capital becomes the main factor to enhance corporate value. Therefore, basing on specific stage of companies life cycle managers should make appropriate strategies to invest and manage Intellectual capital to maintain competitive advantage in the complex and competitive environment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":45346300,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"632344323","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although senile ecchymoses are a well-recognized phenomenon on hospital wards, in patients who die in other settings they may be wrongly interpreted as bruising caused by physical assault. Therefore, we studied a total of 410 elderly (> 50 years of age) patients by a prospective examination of autopsy reports to elucidate their nature, including their general frequency, their anatomical distribution, and their physical appearance. We found a clear association with increasing age and a common distribution on the arms, rather than the neck or legs. One unique finding is that ecchymoses are related to place of residence, in that less mobile elderly persons are more likely to develop this condition, possibly as a result of lifting.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":72052862,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2027448031","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/00000433-199409000-00005","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Recent moral justifications of military intervention in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq have drawn upon just war concepts set out by Augustine of Hippo in the early fifth century. Augustine, writing as the political hegemony of the Roman Empire was ebbing away, provides a valuable touchstone for anyone engaged in analysing the complex interplay of power, war, morality and religious faith. Like most of the problems Augustine addressed in his writings, his attitude to just war was rooted in a potent mix of imperial politics, concern for individual souls and establishing and defending church orthodoxy. Though his personal telos was to be found in the Heavenly City, Augustine did not try to avoid the difficulties of dealing with the contradictions involved in the Christian's encounter with the decidedly ungodly Earthly City. Though he never ruled out the need for political power to be wielded through the medium of martial force, Augustine would only accede to such action with great reluctance. This article investigates aspects of the use and misuse of Augustine and his ideas in both the political and academic arenas in the justification of recent military interventions. Analysis of statements made by the British Prime Minister Tony Blair and the book Just War Against Terror by American political theorist Jean Bethke Elshtain will show how Augustinian concepts have been used selectively to serve broader political agendas. Blair and Elshtain have been chosen for this study because they were both, in their respective fields, influential figures who advocated the 2003 invasion of Iraq; they are both declared Christians; Elshtain has explicitly associated herself with Blair's approach; and they both rejected any notion of religious crusade in the aforementioned interventions. By considering casus belli which included self-defence, opposing evil and liberating the oppressed, this article will demonstrate that the selective use of Augustine would eventually weaken the very case it was meant to strengthen. In the process, commonalities and discontinuities between Augustine's ideas in their original context and their application in the present will be highlighted. The article concludes that, in the process of using Augustinian concepts to justify recent military action, his renowned reticence regarding the use of force was undermined.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":143004384,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1972080322","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0036930612000130","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper explains the construction and uses of three exercises in English as a Foreign Language reading comprehension at the advanced level. These techniques combine the techniques of the multiple-choice and cloze formats. In word fill-in exercises, the student chooses the best word or phrase, from among four possibilities given, to fill in the gap in the text. Sentence fill-in exercises contain blank spaces, each representing an entire sentence. There is approximately one blank space per paragraph. The student chooses the best sentence, from among four possibilities given, to fill in the gap in the text. In the exercise rearranging the order of the sentences, each blank space represents a sentence. A list of sentences is given, separate from the text, containing more sentences than there are blank spaces. Among the sentences on this list are all those originally in the text, but they appear in a scrambled order. The student is required to choose the sentences that will fill in the blanks in the text from this list.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":145668630,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2099575591","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1944-9720.1983.TB01448.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Deployment of connected vehicles will become possible for most American cities in the next 10 to 20 years. Connected vehicle (CV) applications (e.g., mobility, safety, environment) are constantly receiving vehicle data. The current ID protection mechanism assumes a vehicle's ID changes every 5 minutes, so the topic of rematching vehicles is of interest in privacy protection and performance measure research. This paper explores the possibility of rematching connected vehicles' IDs using popular machine learning techniques, including logistic regression (LR), linear discriminant analysis (LDA), quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA), linear and nonlinear support vector machine (SVM) and nearest neighbor algorithms. An experiment is conducted using a microscopic traffic simulation model through a software-in-the-loop technique. The best average mismatching rate is 14%. To assess potential factors' effects on matching accuracy, a Poisson mixed regression model is analyzed under the Bayesian inference framework. Findings are: different matching algorithms vary in matching performance and the linear SVM, the QDA and the LDA have the best accuracy results; traffic volume and market penetration rate have little impact on matching results; location and number of vehicles to be matched are considered significant. The results make the performance measurement of future CV applications feasible and also suggest that more secure mechanisms are needed to protect the public.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":117674406,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2807675724","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0361198118774691","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/repository.arizona.edu\/bitstream\/10150\/632438\/1\/TRB-18-03664_Final_Manuscript_Miao.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The creative combination of diverse knowledge nurtures the generation of discontinuous product innovations. In international companies, however, such knowledge is globally dispersed. Consequently, management requires appropriate mechanisms to foster international knowledge sharing. Based on a multiple case study, this paper is built up on the premise, though, that successful knowledge management should not only take into account the spatial location of knowledge, but also the number of actors involved. Current literature does not provide sufficient solutions taking into account both dimensions simultaneously when developing consistent strategies for international knowledge sharing. This paper addresses this gap and develops a dynamic model enabling companies to identify an adapted strategy depending on their organizational setting. The resulting typology provides orientation for management on how to coordinate knowledge over space and therefore also how to foster the generation of discontinuous innovations.JEL Codes: O31","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":158678477,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2892971441","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3917\/JIE.027.0009","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common degenerative disease that can lead to collapse or herniation of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and result in radiculopathy in patients. Methods: NP tissue and cells were isolated from patients and mice, and the expression profile of cortistatin (CST) was analysed. In addition, ageing of the NP was compared between 6-month-old WT and CST-knockout (CST-\/-) mice. Furthermore, NP tissues and cells were cultured to validate the role of CST in TNF-\u03b1-induced IVD degeneration. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to identify the potential role of CST in mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial ROS generation and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome during IVD degeneration. In addition, NF-\u03baB signalling pathway activity was tested in NP tissues and cells from CST-\/- mice. Results: The expression of CST in NP cells was diminished in the ageing- and TNF-\u03b1-induced IVD degeneration process. In addition, compared with WT mice, aged CST-\/- mice displayed accelerated metabolic imbalance and enhanced apoptosis, and these mice showed a disorganized NP tissue structure. Moreover, TNF-\u03b1-mediated catabolism and apoptosis were alleviated by exogenous CST treatment. Furthermore, CST inhibited mitochondrial dysfunction in NP cells through IVD degeneration and suppressed activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. In vitro and ex vivo experiments indicated that increased NF-\u03baB pathway activity might have been associated with the IVD degeneration observed in CST-\/- mice. Conclusion: This study suggests the role of CST in mitochondrial ROS and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in IVD degeneration, which might shed light on therapeutic targets for IVD degeneration.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":219545348,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3035238014","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7150\/thno.45359","PubMedCentral":"7295059","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7150\/thno.45359","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES\nThere is variability in the selection and reporting of outcomes in neonatal trials with key information frequently omitted. This can impact applicability of trial findings to clinicians, families, and caregivers, and impair evidence synthesis. The Neonatal Core Outcomes Set describes outcomes agreed as clinically important that should be assessed in all neonatal trials, and Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT)-Outcomes 2022 is a new, harmonized, evidence-based reporting guideline for trial outcomes. We reviewed published trials using CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 guidance to identify exemplars of neonatal core outcome reporting to strengthen description of outcomes in future trial publications.\n\n\nMETHODS\nNeonatal trials including >100 participants per arm published between 2015 to 2020 with a primary outcome included in the Neonatal Core Outcome Set were identified. Primary outcome reporting was reviewed using CONSORT 2010 and CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 guidelines by assessors recruited from Cochrane Neonatal. Examples of clear and complete outcome reporting were identified with verbatim text extracted from trial reports.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThirty-six trials were reviewed by 39 assessors. Examples of good reporting for CONSORT 2010 and CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 criteria were identified and subdivided into 3 outcome categories: \"survival,\" \"short-term neonatal complications,\" and \"long-term developmental outcomes\" depending on the core outcomes to which they relate. These examples are presented to strengthen future research reporting.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nWe have identified examples of good trial outcome reporting. These illustrate how important neonatal outcomes should be reported to meet the CONSORT 2010 and CONSORT-Outcomes 2022 guidelines. Emulating these examples will improve the transmission of information relating to outcomes and reduce associated research waste.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":261335530,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2022-060765","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/irep.iium.edu.my\/106827\/7\/106827_Strengthening%20reporting%20of%20neonatal%20trials_SCOPUS.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper provides new evidence on the response of business investment to tax incentives. I use the variation provided by recent reforms to the Mexican corporate tax system, including the elimination and reintroduction of accelerated depreciation allowances applicable to investment undertaken outside the three main Mexican metropolitan areas. I show that investment is very sensitive to changes in tax variables and interest rates, with an estimated elasticity of investment with respect to the user cost around -2.0. The results are robust to different specifications and instrumental variables approaches. The large elasticity is shown to be the result of the large cross sectional variation in the user cost of capital and also a product of the small open economy nature of the Mexican economy. In particular, large investment responses of plants owned by multinational firms and an elasticity of imported assets considerably larger than that of domestically purchased goods. Furthermore, the use of panel data at the establishment level allows me to identify the discrete nature of investment decisions and to show that the capital accumulation pattern is consistent with nonconvex adjustment costs and irreversibilities, similar to those found for the US. Thus, the large elasticity compared to US estimates cannot be attributed to differences in adjustment costs. Finally, I provide evidence that the large investment response is not an artifact of misreporting or tax evasion since the elasticity of investment in other assets such as transportation equipment and land, which is harder to misreport, is also high.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":219395515,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.934949","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors on externalized and internalized problem behaviors among high school students. Methods: The subjects for this study were 707 students in two high schools in K province. The data were collected during the period from October to November, 2014 by use of questionnaires. The instruments used were the Korean Youth Self-report, Daily Hassles Questionnaire, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory, and Ego Resiliency Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: Significant predictors to explain externalized problem behaviors comprised anger-out, anger-in, anger-control, relation with parents, daily stress, and religion. It was found that these factors explained 46% of externalized problem behavior. Ego resiliency, anger-in, daily stress, gender, relation with parent, and anger-out were significant predictors to explain internalized problem behaviors. It was found that these factors explained 45% of internalized problem behaviors. Conclusion: This study suggests that the influencing factors on problem behaviors differ from externalized and internalized problem behaviors. So these findings will provide the basic data to develop a program that is differentiated by problem behavior type.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":149970442,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2805466568","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ossification of the transverse atlantal ligament (OTAL) is rarely reported in literature. We describe a case of OTAL complicated with ankylosing spondyliti s (AS). Patient's history, physical examination, radiographic evaluation and nonsurgical interventions are examined. Relevant literature is also reviewed. On systemic examination, the patient was complicated with ossification of ligamentum flavum and posterior longimental ligament in the thoracic spine. Since the symptom of cervical spine was mild, the patient was treated with decompressio n laminectomy of the thoracic spine firstly. OTAL may also occur in AS patient because of its cl inicopathological characteristics. Conservative treatment plays an important role in the treatment of some cases of OTAL.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":212520422,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) network \"Buckypaper\" was made by the vacuum filtration method of MWCNT aqueous suspension. The sensitivity of multi-wall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) networks of randomly entangled pure nanotubes to various organic solvent vapors (tetrahydrofuran, methyl ethyl ketone, and ethanol) has been investigated by resistance measurements. The results demonstrate that the network electrical resistance increases when exposed to organic solvent vapors, and a reversible reaction is observed when the sample is removed from the vapors. The investigated MWCNT networks could be potentially used as sensing elements for sensitive and selective organic vapor detection.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":212654021,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2032111211","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.495.355","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A combined sensor for the investigation of plasma-based surface engineering processes has been developed, which basically consists of a quartz crystal microbalance that is simultaneously used as a heat flux sensor and a planar Langmuir probe in one active element. The sensor can thus measure deposition flux, heat flux, and charged particle flux laterally resolved at the same time and position. The setup and working principle of the sensor are shown, and the suitability for process investigations is demonstrated exemplarily for a dc magnetron sputtering discharge for Ti thin film deposition.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":120689306,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2012556389","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1063\/1.4807892","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose: Inflammatory bowel disease may be associated with extraintestinal manifestations. We report a case of severe reactive epithelial atypia resembling ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) in a patient with ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: Case report. Results: A 32-year-old woman presented with sequential, progressive keratoconjunctival lesions in the left and right eyes, and both lesions were excised. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography demonstrated features similar to OSSN, whereas histological examination revealed severe reactive epithelial atypia mimicking severe dysplasia. Shortly after treatment of the second eye, the patient was diagnosed with UC. Residual disease improved dramatically in response to systemic corticosteroids. Conclusions: Severe ocular surface epithelial atypia resembling OSSN may be seen in association with UC.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":2195039,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2588747458","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000001144","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A new modified beam theory analysis is presented for the ENF specimen, which is used to evaluate the mode II delamination fracture toughness of fiber reinforced composite materials. The analysis combines the solution of a beam on a generalized elastic foundation to incorporate the effect of crack tip deformation, and a Timoshenko Beam Theory solution of the ENF to incorporate transverse shear on the predicted energy release rates. A distinctive feature of this approach is that crack tip deformation and shear deformations are treated separately and explicitly in accounting for deviations from simple beam theory. Two unknown parameters are introduced, however, that must be determined by comparison with finite element solutions. The resulting solution nevertheless demonstrates considerable accuracy over a wide range of material properties (e.g., axial to shear modulus ratios) and crack lengths. In addition, the current analysis compares very favorably with other analyses of the ENF that incorporate the effect of crack tip deformations on the energy release rate.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":138494057,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2143551508","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/002199839502901101","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Between 1300 and 500 Ma the Neoproterozoic supercontinent Rodinia aggregated (1300\u2013950 Ma), broke up (850\u2013600 Ma) and a new supercontinent, Pannotia-Gondwana, formed (680\u2013550 Ma). Only c. 11% of the preserved continental crust was produced during this 800 Ma time interval and most of this crust formed as arcs, chiefly continental margin arcs. At least 50% of juvenile continental crust produced between 750 and 550 Ma is in the Arabian-Nubian Shield and in other terranes that formed along the northern border of Amazonia and West Africa. An additional 20% occurs in Pan-African orogens within Amazonia, and c. 16% in the Adamastor and West African orogens. The growth rate of continental crust between 1350 and 500 Ma was similar or less than the average rate of continental growth during the Phanerozoic of 1 km3\/a, and this low rate characterizes both formation and breakup stages of the supercontinents. The low rates of continental growth during the Neoproterozoic may be due to the absence of a superplume event associated with either Rodinia or Pannotia-Gondwana. If supercontinent breakup is required to produce a superplume event, perhaps by initiating catastrophic collapse of lithospheric slabs at the 660 km seismic discontinuity, the absence of a Meso-proterozoic-Neoproterozoic superplume event may mean that a Palaeoproterozoic supercontinent did not fully breakup prior to aggregation of Rodinia.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":128738137,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1981790209","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.SP.2003.206.01.02","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Gravity is understood as a geometrization of spacetime. But spacetime is also the manifold of the boundary values of the spinless point particle in a variational approach. Since all known matter, baryons, leptons and gauge bosons are spinning objects, it means that the manifold, which we call the kinematical space, where we play the game of the variational formalism of an elementary particle is greater than spacetime. This manifold for any mechanical system is a Finsler metric space such that the variational formalism can always be interpreted as a geodesic problem on this space. This manifold is just the flat Minkowski space for the free spinless particle. Any interaction modifies its flat Finsler metric as gravitation does. The same thing happens for the spinning objects but now the Finsler metric space has more dimensions and its metric is modified by any interaction, so that to reduce gravity to the modification only of the spacetime metric is to make a simpler theory, the gravitational theory of spinless matter. Even the usual assumption that the modification of the metric only involves dependence on the metric coefficients of the spacetime variables is also a restriction because in general these coefficients are dependent on the velocities. In the spirit of unification of all forces, gravity cannot produce, in principle, a different and simpler geometrization than any other interaction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":12331264,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2949651838","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/437\/1\/012008","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1203.4076"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1742-6596\/437\/1\/012008","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background\/Aim: Meta-analyses are frequently performed on adverse event data and are primarily used for improving statistical power to detect safety signals. However, in the evaluation of drug safety for New Drug Applications, simple pooling of adverse event data from multiple clinical trials is still commonly used. We sought to propose a new Bayesian hierarchical meta-analytic approach based on consideration of a hierarchical structure of reported individual adverse event data from multiple randomized clinical trials. Methods: To develop our meta-analysis model, we extended an existing three-stage Bayesian hierarchical model by including an additional stage of the clinical trial level in the hierarchical model; this generated a four-stage Bayesian hierarchical model. We applied the proposed Bayesian meta-analysis models to published adverse event data from three premarketing randomized clinical trials of tadalafil and to a simulation study motivated by the case example to evaluate the characteristics of three alternative models. Results: Comparison of the results from the Bayesian meta-analysis model with those from Fisher's exact test after simple pooling showed that 6 out of 10 adverse events were the same within a top 10 ranking of individual adverse events with regard to association with treatment. However, more individual adverse events were detected in the Bayesian meta-analysis model than in Fisher's exact test under the body system \"Musculoskeletal and connective tissue disorders.\" Moreover, comparison of the overall trend of estimates between the Bayesian model and the standard approach (odds ratios after simple pooling methods) revealed that the posterior median odds ratios for the Bayesian model for most adverse events shrank toward values for no association. Based on the simulation results, the Bayesian meta-analysis model could balance the false detection rate and power to a better extent than Fisher's exact test. For example, when the threshold value of the posterior probability for signal detection was set to 0.8, the false detection rate was 41% and power was 88% in the Bayesian meta-analysis model, whereas the false detection rate was 56% and power was 86% in Fisher's exact test. Limitations: Adverse events under the same body system were not necessarily positively related when we used \"system organ class\" and \"preferred term\" in the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities as a hierarchical structure of adverse events. For the Bayesian meta-analysis models to be effective, the validity of the hierarchical structure of adverse events and the grouping of adverse events are critical. Conclusion: Our proposed meta-analysis models considered trial effects to avoid confounding by trial and borrowed strength from both within and across body systems to obtain reasonable and stable estimates of an effect measure by considering a hierarchical structure of adverse events.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":206774255,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2569726234","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/1740774516683920","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/repository.kulib.kyoto-u.ac.jp\/dspace\/bitstream\/2433\/225514\/1\/ysyak00078.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract This paper deals with an Oligocene section that is stratigraphically homogeneous from both a lithological and palynological point of view. It has been impossible to subdivide it into discrete units, using either taxon\u2010range analysis or assemblage\u2010zone approach based on the relative abundance of palynomorphs. Furthermore, the common multivariate numerical methods used so far with success in the region (Cluster Analysis, Principal Components Analysis, etc.) gave no useful results in this case. The search for cyclicity using palynocycles and ecologs has been also unsuccessful. Instead of considering the section of low interest, an alternative, high\u2010resolution ecological approach was attempted to extract the information contained in these sediments. Paleoecologi\u2010cal trends were deduced from statistical methods commonly used in modern and Quaternary ecology, mainly TWINSPAN and gradient analysis, combined with diversity analysis. As a result, the fine\u2010scale stratigraphic variability of the data could be successfully explained in terms of paleoecological succession taking place in upper delta environments, characterised by a complex mosaic vegetation including morichales, herbaceous fern swamps, and gallery forests. The succession could be reconstructed in detail, and would be of indirect stratigraphic value for high\u2010resolution correlation. This is an example of how the search for narrow or biased objectives can hidden significant information. It is more fruitful to have a wider perspective, and to be open to any information that sediments can provide us, without a priori limitations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":220338710,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/01916122.2003.9989582","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background and Objectives: Hemodialysis (HD) is one of the therapeutic modalities in ESRD patients. Since inadequate dialysis increases mortality and morbidity of patients, therefore, assessment of dialysis adequacy is clinically important. For this reason, hemodialysis adequacy was determined in patients undergoing maintenance HD at the Mostafa Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional, descriptive, and analytic strategy of this research study was conducted on 54 patients in 2005. All of the patients were consented and informed of the study purposes. Data were collected using a reliable questionnaire including age, gender, height, weight, and dialysis duration. Prescribed, delivered, and equilibrated kt\/v and URR (urea reduction ratio) were calculated using urea kinetic modeling formulas. All data analysis was carried out using t-test, Fisher exactly test, and Pearson correlation analysis (SPSS software). Results: The study population consisted of 54 patients undergoing conventional maintenance HD (36 males and 18 females) aged 18-83 years. The mean value of age was 55.27 \u00b1 17.28 years. The mean values of prescribed kt\/v, dkt\/v (delivered), ekt\/v (equilibrated), and URR were 1.11 \u00b1 0.19, 0.94 \u00b1 0.18, 0.8 \u00b1 0.15, and 55.33 \u00b1 7.05 respectively. Based on DOQI guidelines, the percentage of adequate prescribed kt\/v, ekt\/v, and URR were 33.3 %, 11.1 %, and 11.1 % respectively. The mean value of age in inadequate ekt\/v group was greater than adequate ekt\/v group, although t- test analysis did not show a statistically significant correlation (p = 0.085). In addition, Fisher exactly test showed a statistically significant correlation between adequate ekt\/v and gender (p = 0.013) and also between ekt\/v and URR (p<0.001). On the other hand, Chi-square test did not show a statistically significant correlation between ekt\/v and underlying cause of ESRD (p = 0.685). Conclusion: It was found out that hemodialysis in this center is inadequate in a great percentage of patients, especially in male ones. Further research study with a larger sample size is suggested to evaluate contributing factors in dialysis adequacy. According to these findings, new treatment strategies may also be necessary.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":11602638,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2267260148","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"T lymphocyte activation is a pivotal step of the adaptive immune response. It requires the recognition by T-cell receptors (TCR) of peptides presented in the context of major histocompatibility complex molecules (pMHC) present at the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APCs). T lymphocyte activation also involves engagement of costimulatory receptors and adhesion molecules recognizing ligands on the APC. Integration of these different signals requires the formation of a specialized dynamic structure: the immune synapse. While the biochemical and molecular aspects of this cell\u2013cell communication have been extensively studied, its mechanical features have only recently been addressed. Yet, the immune synapse is also the place of exchange of mechanical signals. Receptors engaged on the T lymphocyte surface are submitted to many tensile and traction forces. These forces are generated by various phenomena: membrane undulation\/protrusion\/retraction, cell mobility or spreading, and dynamic remodeling of the actomyosin cytoskeleton inside the T lymphocyte. Moreover, the TCR can both induce force development, following triggering, and sense and convert forces into biochemical signals, as a bona fide mechanotransducer. Other costimulatory molecules, such as LFA-1, engaged during immune synapse formation, also display these features. Moreover, T lymphocytes themselves are mechanosensitive, since substrate stiffness can modulate their response. In this review, we will summarize recent studies from a biophysical perspective to explain how mechanical cues can affect T lymphocyte activation. We will particularly discuss how forces are generated during immune synapse formation; how these forces affect various aspects of T lymphocyte biology; and what are the key features of T lymphocyte response to stiffness.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":17419509,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2281513246","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00046","PubMedCentral":"4753286","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00046\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"New Y-shaped ferrocene conjugated imidazole chromophores were prepared and fully characterized. The Y-shaped structure was confirmed by the single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The chromophores show interesting second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) properties in solution, as determined by the Electric-Field Induced Second Harmonic generation (EFISH) technique. Remarkably, the trifluoro substituted compound 3 is characterized by a high \u03bc\u03b2EFISH value and has good potential as a molecular building block for composite films with Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) properties. For all compounds, the dipole moments and frontier orbital energies were calculated by the Density Functional Theoretical method.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":210870020,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2999871730","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/c9dt03637g","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nowadays modern information systems (emerging technologies) are increasingly becoming an integral part of our daily lives and has begun to pose a serious challenge for human-computer interaction (HCI) professionals, as emerging technologies in the area of mobile and cloud computing, and internet of things (IoT), are calling for more devotion from HCI experts in terms of systems interface design. As the number of mobile platforms users, nowadays comprises of children's, elderly people, and people with disabilities or disorders, all demanding for an effective user interface that can meet their diverse needs, even on the move, at anytime and anywhere. This paper, review current articles (43) related to HCI interface design approaches to modern information systems design with the aim of identifying and determining the effectiveness of these methods. The study found that the current HCI design approaches were based on desktop paradigm which falls short of providing location-based services to mobile platforms users. The study also discovered that almost all the current interface design standard used by HCI experts for the design of user's interface were not effective & supportive of emerging technologies due to the flexibility nature of these technologies. Based on the review findings, the study suggested the combination of Human-centred design with agile methodologies for interface design, and call on future works to use qualitative or quantitative approach to further investigate HCI methods of interface design with much emphasis on cloud-based technologies and other organizational information systems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":233452019,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3152384560","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.18662\/BRAIN\/12.1\/180","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sonic anemometers are used to determine the vertical fluxes of momentum and scalars in the atmospheric surface layer. In practice the coordinate systems of the sonic anemometer and the surface will not be perfectly aligned so that a tilt-correction for these small deviations of the anemometer coordinates is needed. Three options are available: (1) to use known (e.g. measured) angles, (2) to impose requirements on the means and stresses within an averaging period (the 'classic method'), and (3) to assume that the mean flow over a certain period, as observed by the sonic, is in a plane parallel to the surface (planar fit method). Data from five 3-D sonic anemometers (three different types) collected in June 2001 have been used to assess these three methods. The main questions were: -are the rotation angles of the 'classic' method significant (relative to their tolerance)? -do the rotation angles correlate among the five systems? -does the planar fit method give results that are more consistent among the five systems, in terms of the measured shear stress? It is shown that for all five systems the run-to-run variation of classic pitch angles is significant relative to its tolerance but the variation shows no correlation among adjacent instruments, suggesting that there is no meteorological cause for the variation. The mean and run-to-run variation of the roll angle are in most cases insignificant.Comparison of the correlation of the shear stress between different systems, shows that day-by-day (modified) planar fit rotation increases the correlation for most combinations of systems. To our opinion this enhanced consistency shows the superiority of the (modified) planar-fit method to the classical tilt-corrections in the context of surface-flux estimation","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":91340827,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"103726844","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The progresses of electron devices integration have proceeded for more than 40 years following the well\u2013known Moore's law, which states that the transistors density on chip doubles every 24 months. This trend has been possible due to the downsizing of the MOSFET dimensions (scaling); however, new issues and new challenges are arising, and the conventional \"bulk\" architecture is becoming inadequate in order to face them. \nIn order to overcome the limitations related to conventional structures, the researchers \ncommunity is preparing different solutions, that need to be assessed. \nPossible solutions currently under scrutiny are represented by: \n\u2022 devices incorporating materials with properties different from those of silicon, for \nthe channel and the source\/drain regions; \n\u2022 new architectures as Silicon\u2013On\u2013Insulator (SOI) transistors: the body thickness of Ultra-Thin-Body SOI devices is a new design parameter, and it permits \nto keep under control Short\u2013Channel\u2013Effects without adopting high \ndoping level in the channel. \nAmong the solutions proposed in order to overcome the difficulties related to scaling, \nwe can highlight heterojunctions at the channel edge, obtained by adopting for the \nsource\/drain regions materials with band\u2013gap different from that of the channel material. \nThis solution allows to increase the injection velocity of the particles travelling \nfrom the source into the channel, and therefore increase the performance of the transistor \nin terms of provided drain current. \nThe first part of this thesis work addresses the use of heterojunctions in SOI transistors: \nchapter 3 outlines the basics of the heterojunctions theory and the adoption of such \napproach in older technologies as the heterojunction\u2013bipolar\u2013transistors; moreover the \nmodifications introduced in the Monte Carlo code in order to simulate conduction band \ndiscontinuities are described, and the simulations performed on unidimensional simplified \nstructures in order to validate them as well. \nChapter 4 presents the results obtained from the Monte Carlo simulations performed \non double\u2013gate SOI transistors featuring conduction band offsets between the source \nand drain regions and the channel. In particular, attention has been focused on the drain \ncurrent and to internal quantities as inversion charge, potential energy and carrier velocities. \nBoth graded and abrupt discontinuities have been considered. \nThe scaling of devices dimensions and the adoption of innovative architectures have \nconsequences on the power dissipation as well. In SOI technologies the channel is thermally \ninsulated from the underlying substrate by a SiO2 buried\u2013oxide layer; this SiO2 \nlayer features a thermal conductivity that is two orders of magnitude lower than the \nsilicon one, and it impedes the dissipation of the heat generated in the active region. \nMoreover, the thermal conductivity of thin semiconductor films is much lower than \nthat of silicon bulk, due to phonon confinement and boundary scattering. All these aspects \ncause severe self\u2013heating effects, that detrimentally impact the carrier mobility \nand therefore the saturation drive current for high\u2013performance transistors; as a consequence, \nthermal device design is becoming a fundamental part of integrated circuit \nengineering. \nThe second part of this thesis discusses the problem of self\u2013heating in SOI transistors. \nChapter 5 describes the causes of heat generation and dissipation in SOI devices, and \nit provides a brief overview on the methods that have been proposed in order to model \nthese phenomena. In order to understand how this problem impacts the performance of \ndifferent SOI architectures, three\u2013dimensional electro\u2013thermal simulations have been \napplied to the analysis of SHE in planar single and double\u2013gate SOI transistors as well \nas FinFET, featuring the same isothermal electrical characteristics. \nIn chapter 6 the same simulation approach is extensively employed to study the impact \nof SHE on the performance of a FinFET representative of the high\u2013performance \ntransistor of the 45 nm technology node. Its effects on the ON\u2013current, the maximum \ntemperatures reached inside the device and the thermal resistance associated to the device \nitself, as well as the dependence of SHE on the main geometrical parameters have \nbeen analyzed. Furthermore, the consequences on self\u2013heating of technological solutions \nsuch as raised S\/D extensions regions or reduction of fin height are explored as \nwell. \nFinally, conclusions are drawn in chapter 7.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":108120149,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"189189393","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.6092\/unibo\/amsdottorato\/1515","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A penetration depth (\u03bb) measurement technique, which is based upon the \u03bb-dependence of the propagation velocity of electromagnetic waves in superconducting transmission lines, is refined and used to accurately measure \u03bb's in Pb films containing Au, In, or Bi additions. The results are applied to test two distinct predictions for \u03bb's in London (or type II) superconductors. First, the measured dependence of \u03bb upon low temperature electrical resistivity is compared with the theoretical prediction for a type II superconductor containing a dilute homogeneous impurity concentration. We find that the measured \u03bb's follow this simple prediction reasonably well, irrespective of the species of impurity, with two anticipated exceptions. Namely, deviations occur for pure Pb, which is not a type II superconductor, and for the highest impurity concentration, in which case the Fermi surface may be appreciably distorted from that of pure Pb. Second, the London-theory prediction for the dependence of the effective penetration depth (\u03bbeff) upon film thickness (d), \u03bbeff= \u03bb(T) coth d\/\u03bb(T), is tested, in a d\/\u03bb range in which coth d\/\u03bb, is not closely approximated by 1 or \u03bb\/d. Separate experiments in which either film thickness or temperature, T, are varied reveal excellent agreement with the above formula. To our knowledge this is the first detailed confirmation of this explicit hyperbolic cotangent dependency.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":122712644,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2156443862","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.1977.1059426","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract The current study aimed to design and synthesize a novel series of fluorophenyl-isoxazole-carboxamide derivatives and evaluate their antiproliferative activities. Anticancer activities of the novel compounds were evaluated by MTS assay against four cancer cell lines, including liver (Hep3B, HepG2), cervical (HeLa), and breast (MCF-7), and \u03b1-fetoprotein tumor marker, cell cycle analysis, and annexin V tests. Chemo-informatics analysis showed that all synthesized derivatives 2a\u20132f obeyed Lipinski's rule. Compound 2f was the most potent compound against Hep3B and Hep-G2 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 5.76 and 34.64\u2009\u00b5g\/mL, respectively. Moreover, compounds 2a\u20132c and 2e showed potent inhibitory activity against Hep3B with an IC50 value range of 7.66\u201311.60\u2009\u00b5g\/mL. Hep3B secretions of \u03b1-fetoprotein (\u03b1-FP) results showed that compound 2f reduced the secretion of Hep3B to 168.33\u2009ng\/mL and compound 2d reduced the secretion to value approximately 598.33\u2009ng\/mL, in comparison with untreated cells' value of 1116.67\u2009ng\/mL. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis showed that the 2f compound induced arrest in the G2-M phase in 6.73% of the total cells and that was lower than the activity of the positive control doxorubicin (7.4%). Moreover, 2b and 2f compounds reduced the necrosis rate of Hep3B to 4-folds and shifted the cells to apoptosis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":3,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":237256928,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1515\/chem-2021-0078","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/chem-2021-0078\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Osteoporosis in men is less frequent than in women and is more often due to an underlying cause, such as nutritional deficiencies or lifestyle factors, endocrinological or systemic affections, long-term specific therapies. The growing attention on male osteoporosis is mainly explained by the increasing use of some drugs producing bone loss as frequent side effect, like gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists for prostate cancer, immunosuppressive agents, or glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids are largely used for the cure of lots of haematological, rheumatological, dermatological, pneumological, and other systemic diseases. It is well known glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) develops rapidly at prednisone > 5mg\/d or equivalent levels but recurrence is recently also observed in patients receiving low dose and intermittent therapy. However, the possible side effects of corticosteroids at low dose on bone are not completely understood and rightly prevented. We present the case of a young man with precocious bone loss. His improper and irregular use of corticosteroids at low dose was finally recognized as the underlying cause of his unexplainable bone demineralization. The following short review about effects of glucocorticoids on bone suggests fracture incidence and bone mineral density should be assessed even in young people and men perceiving glucocorticoids at undefined dose for long period.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":44263018,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"148866421","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents a scheme for the efficient implementation of a low supply voltage continuous-time high-performance CMOS current mirror with low input and output voltage requirements. This circuit combines a shunt input feedback and a regulated cascode output stage to achieve low input resistance and very high output resistance. It can be used as a high-precision current mirror in analog and mixed signal circuits with a power supply close to a transistor's threshold voltage. The proposed current mirror has been simulated and a bandwidth of 40 MHz has been obtained. An experimental chip prototype has been sent for fabrication and has been experimentally verified, obtaining 0.15-V input-output voltage requirements, 100-\/spl Omega\/ input resistance, and more than 200-M\/spl Omega\/ (G\/spl Omega\/ ideally) output resistance with a 1.2-V supply in a standard CMOS technology.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":13211695,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2074190208","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TCSII.2003.822429","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper deals with the problem of timing constraint specification in VHDL for high-level synthesis purposes. We first discuss some possible approaches and define the basic requirements for a notation. According to these requirements a notation based on predefined subprograms is proposed for the specification of constraints on sequences of statements. The notation accepts nested timing constraints with specification of minimum, maximum, range, and exact limits and supports back-annotation for postsynthesis simulation. We have also provided support for specification of timing constraints across process borders. The mechanism is based on the concurrent assert statement and allows specification of timing constraints on signal events. One of the major problems discussed in the paper is consistency between the behavior of the simulation model and the synthesized hardware. We identify solutions to this problem in the frame of our two synthesis strategies and show in the paper how simulation\/synthesis correspondence can be achieved for VHDL specifications containing both interacting processes and timing constraints. This work has been partially supported bt the Swedish National Board for Industrial and Technical Development (NUTEK)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":7338490,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Knowledge distillation is a widely used paradigm for inheriting information from a complicated teacher network to a compact student network and maintaining the strong performance. Different from image classification, object detectors are much more sophisticated with multiple loss functions in which features that semantic information rely on are tangled. In this paper, we point out that the information of features derived from regions excluding objects are also essential for distilling the student detector, which is usually ignored in existing approaches. In addition, we elucidate that features from different regions should be assigned with different importance during distillation. To this end, we present a novel distillation algorithm via decoupled features (DeFeat) for learning a better student detector. Specifically, two levels of decoupled features will be processed for embedding useful information into the student, i.e., decoupled features from neck and decoupled proposals from classification head. Extensive experiments on various detectors with different backbones show that the proposed DeFeat is able to surpass the state-of-the-art distillation methods for object detection. For example, DeFeat improves ResNet50 based Faster R-CNN from 37.4% to 40.9% mAP, and improves ResNet50 based RetinaNet from 36.5% to 39.7% mAP on COCO benchmark. Code will be released1,2.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":232379988,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3176459575","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR46437.2021.00219","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2103.14475"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Premenstrual syndrome is one of the most common disorder in women with reproductive age. The aim of this paper was to investigate the frequency and the intensity of this syndrome and the related signs and symptoms. Five hundred students who were enrolled at BS level in the academic year 1384 at the schools of nursing-midwifery as well as the school Management of IUMS, were included in the study. They were asked to complete the premenstrual daily symptom diary (PDSD) for 2 months. The students with PMS, were confirmed according to the APA criteria and their intensity were assessed by the mean of scorces of each sign which varied from 0 to 3. In this study, the response rate was about 50% (255). Out of the 255 students, 200 students (78.43%) were sufferring PMS to some degrees (62% mild, 36% moderate, 2% severe). Mood symptoms in 24% and the behavioral symptoms in 3% of the subjects were in severe level. None of the students suffered from sever physical symptoms. The study results revealed a significant positive relationship between behavioral symptoms and physical mood symptoms (r=0.55, r=0.398, P=0.00) respectively. Also there was a significant relatinship between physical symptoms and mood symptoms (r=0.305, P=0.00). In this study the investigators concluded that PMS can be considered as a common disorder in young iranian women at the reproductive age. To detect and diagnose the PMS related symptoms, could help provide the most effective treatment strategies. Future studies is recommended to find out the risk factors of the PMS and appropriate therapies. T","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":74714276,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2278183124","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"How have governments in Latin America been able to counteract two decades of neoliberalism and pursue post-neoliberal developmental reforms, and what tools have they used to do so? We argue that post-neoliberal projects are possible through the use of three necessary conditions in a context of economic bonanza: 1) extensive use of the legal-constitutional framework to facilitate interventionism; 2) an increase in the centrality of public planning agencies to design those policies; and 3) growth of the bureaucracy to implement the policies. Through a case study of Rafael Correa's Ecuador, we show how a constituent assembly, empowerment of the state planning agency, and increase in the size of the public administration have allowed the president to combat neoliberalism and pursue his ambitious Buen Vivir (Good Living) plan. This simple framework offers important clues for understanding post-liberalism and the return of the state in Ecuador and beyond.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":203258543,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2972155748","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Uncertainty in classical stochastic programming models is often described solely by independent random parameters, ignoring their dependence on multidimensional features. We describe a novel contextual chance-constrained programming formulation that incorporates features, and argue that solutions that do not take them into account may not be implementable. Our formulation cannot be solved exactly in most cases, and we propose a tractable and fully data-driven approximate model that relies on weighted sums of random variables. Borrowing results from quenched large deviation theory we show the exponential convergence of our scheme as the number of data points increases. We illustrate our findings with an example from a soccer hiring problem based on the player's transfer market in the UK using real data.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":235420168,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Obesity is a serious health issue and is a key discussion and research area in many disciplines from the social sciences and physical education to the health sciences. \"The Encyclopedia of Obesity\" is a comprehensive set containing nearly 500 entries that addresses the broad scope of the obesity epidemic, from molecular and genetic causes to the treatment of this disease at a large scale, public policy level. The editors have chosen topics that capture the current climate of obesity research, while still addressing and defining the core concepts related to this disease. Additionally, the majority of entries have been provided by experts from the medical and scientific research community. In many cases, entries are written by pioneering or premiere researchers in the topic at hand.This two-volume Encyclopedia provides a catalogue of entries from a variety of expert contributors from a vast array of disciplines, including molecular biology, psychology, medicine, public health and policy, food science, environmental health, pharmaceuticals, and many others to summarize pertinent topics in obesity, and related health conditions.Scholars, educators, researchers, physicians, and the general public will be able to access this resource for current, factual details on topics related to this growing epidemic. This new encyclopedia will be the most reliable, accurate, and thorough resource for information about obesity.'Moving Forward in an Ever Expanding World' in this section Kathleen Keller addresses the topic of a changing society that is slowly adapting to accommodate obesity. Covering recent lawsuits on fast food industries and airlines, discussing how these are telling of the decades to come. In addition, this text will look at the new frontiers on obesity treatment and research and the importance of prevention in children, and in studying obesity in a variety of ethnic groups and in developing countries.This publication will serve as a general and non-technical resource for biology, sociology, health studies, and other social science students and educators who wish to understand the development of obesity as it prevails in the United States and worldwide. It will for the first time, allow scholars who are conducting research to access hundreds of topics related to obesity, all within a single text. The convenient organization of this text will assist readers most when they have a specific term they wish to investigate, however, for readers who do not know the specific search term, each article is cross-referenced with other article headings.Major themes that are addresses are as follows: the prevalence of obesity (worldwide and U.S.), gender and obesity, leading institutions that are dedicated to fighting obesity, food industries, biological and genetic contributors, environmental contributors, social influences and outcomes on obesity, psychological influences\/\/outcomes of obesity, health implications of obesity, treatments for obesity (medical and dietary), disordered eating patterns, public health issues related to obesity, obesity and the brain, ethnicity and obesity, and new frontiers in obesity research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":68592712,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"634713621","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4135\/9781412963862","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Two-dimensional (2D) materials, which commonly have much higher optical nonlinearity and faster carrier dynamics than their bulk counterparts, hold huge potential for use in nonlinear optical devices, especially in ultrafast mode-locked fiber lasers. Graphene has ultrafast carrier dynamics but the optical absorption is low and the modulation depth is small. It is nontrivial to combine graphene with other 2D materials so as to form a heterostructure with improved optical properties. In particular, recent research has shown that the 2D transition metal carbide (TMC) Mo2C has a very large nonlinear absorption coefficient and can be used as a saturable absorber for mode-locking pulse generation. However, the nonlinear optical properties of the graphene-Mo2C heterostructure have not been investigated. In this work, by directly growing Mo2C nanosheets on the monolayer graphene film and forming the heterostructure, a new kind of saturable absorber was prepared with considerate nonlinear absorption coefficient and large modulation depth. Such a new saturable absorber was evanescently interacted with the side-polished fiber and successfully delivered femtosecond pulse generation at 1550 nm. The combination of two semi-metal 2D materials has enabled the ease of mode locking and stable soliton state pulse generation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":199120734,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2961912002","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1364\/OME.9.003268","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The movement of surface currents and the availability of coral prey are probably not responsible for the discontinuities in the distribution of Acanthaster (the Crown-of-thorns Starfish or Sea-star) in American waters. Temperature and salinity conditions are critical in development, and it is possible that these parameters are effective locally, for example in the Gulf of Panam\u00e1. There is a strong possibility that continuing field work will show that Acanthaster has a significantly more widespread distribution in the eastern Pacific than is currently known. Adult Acanthaster and several species of coral prey exhibited an unusually high tolerance to varying conditions of temperature and salinity. The possibility of step-wise colonization to new areas, mediated by resistant adult populations that can become established during favourable seasons, should be considered in any plans to alter the existing freshwater canal in Panam\u00e1. For introductions can be environmentally dangerous. The highest population densities of Acanthaster so far observed in the eastern Pacific, 1 individual\/40 m2 to approximately 1 individual\/100 m2, are comparable to population sizes in the Indo-Pacific region that are not considered to have a serious impact on coral communities. Coral destruction by Acanthaster can be significant in certain limited areas, but is usually less than that caused by other corallivores. An analysis of coral community structure in relation to Acanthaster density failed to show a significant correlation with (a) number of species, (b) number of live coral colonies, (c) species diversity (H'), or (d) species evenness (J'). Prey preference data indicate that Acanthaster selectively destroys rare corals. Replacement of rare, predated corals by fast-growing species (Pocillopora spp.) has been observed in the field, showing that Acanthaster could have a negative effect on species diversity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":86181875,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2121515508","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S037689290000494X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sufficiency of progesterone limits conception rate in dairy cows. This study evaluates the effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on induction of accessory corpus luteum, progesterone concentrations and pregnancy in dairy cows. The hormone (0.05 mg) was administrated intramuscularly to cows with one corpus luteum on day 5\u20137 (Group E1, n = 57) or 11\u201313 (Group E2, n = 40) after insemination; control groups C1 (n = 54) and C2 (n = 41) were not treated. Detection of pregnancy by ultrasound examination and measurement of serum progesterone concentration was performed on day 25\u201339 and around day 90 after insemination. The occurrences of two corpora lutea in groups E1 and E2 versus C1 and C2 were 43.9% and 33.5% vs. 3.7% and 9.8% (P < 0.001). Progesterone concentrations were 5.9 \u00b1 2.92 ng\/ml and 7.8 \u00b1 2.35 ng\/ml in untreated and treated cows (P = 0.016), respectively. Conception rates in groups E1 and E2 were 100% and 86.7% in cows bearing two corpora lutea, and only 16.7% and 38.9% in cows bearing one corpus luteum (P < 0.01); similarly as in groups E1 and E2 compared to groups C1 and C2 (49.1% and 50% vs. 50% and 31.7%). Pregnancy rates around day 90 in groups E1 and E2 compared to groups C1 and C2 were 45.6% and 45% vs. 42.6% and 26.8%, respectively. Administration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on day 5\u20137 or 11\u201313 after insemination was efficient to induce accessory corpus luteum and increase the concentration of serum progesterone but had no effect on the conception rate. Dairy cow, lecirelin, follicle, progesterone, conception rate","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":85113297,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2078903344","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2754\/AVB201483020107","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction: One of the key factors affecting on job performance, is compensation mechanisms. The study aimed to determine the relationship between compensation mechanisms and job performance among nurses working in hospital. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted in 2014. The number of 221 nurses at two hospitals (Valiasr and Lolagar) base on simple randomized sampling enrolled. Data gathered by two questionnaires for Compensation mechanisms and job performance. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics and Spearman test. Findings: The results showed that the job performance of nurses is moderate (2.76\u00b10.50). Among the compensation mechanisms, persuasive years, higher education grants, job promotions and performance based pay had a high priority, respectively. Spearman test showed significant relationship between job performance and non-cash payment (P= 0.0001), performance based pay (P= 0.004), persuasive years (P= 0.0001), decreasing the working hours (P= 0.0001), increase in services tariff (P= 0.0001), and monthly fixed amount (P= 0.02). Conclusion: According to our results, it seems that Services compensation variable is a good predictive for job performance. There were fewer tendencies for receiving cash benefits than non-cash payments for the nurses working in studied hospitals, proposed to be carried out as a pilot reform of compensation mechanisms and examine the impact of these reforms on variables such as job performance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":78338067,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2546698624","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE:\nThis randomized clinical study evaluated two parameters: 1) the clinical color rebound of whitening patients' tooth discoloration using the walking bleaching technique and 2) the impact on psychological and aesthetic self-perception at the one-year follow-up of patients who underwent bleaching of nonvital teeth.\n\n\nMETHODS AND MATERIALS:\nFifty study participants with nonvital tooth discoloration were recruited. Teeth were assigned randomly into one of two groups: 1) 35% hydrogen peroxide (n=25) and 2) 37% carbamide peroxide (n=25). Intracoronal bleaching was carried out over the course of four sessions using the walking bleach technique. Tooth color was evaluated after each session in order to measure the total color variation (\u0394E). The guide was arranged from highest (B1) to lowest values (C4) for evaluating color, and color changes using Vita Classical Shade (\u0394SGUs) units were calculated. Subjective and objective assessments were compared with the counterpart of the tooth. Aesthetic perception and psychosocial factors were evaluated before and after treatment by the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) and Psychological Impact of Dental Impact Questionnaire (PIDAQ) surveys.\n\n\nRESULTS:\nColor changes (\u0394E) were 15.48 \u00b1 5.17 and 14.02 \u00b1 4.85 for carbamide and hydrogen peroxide groups, respectively. There were no significant differences ( p>0.05) between these two groups at the one-year follow-up. There was a decrease in the PIDAQ scores after treatment compared to baseline values ( p<0.05). The majority of OHIP values regressed to baseline values.\n\n\nCONCLUSION:\nThe technique of walking bleaching was highly effective and showed minimal color rebound in nonvital teeth and had a positive effect on patients' psychological impact at the one-year follow-up.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":51871174,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2886181102","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2341\/17-288-C","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although methapyrilene (MP) produces hepatocellular carcinomas in rats, it does not elicit many of the cellular responses induced by other hepatocarcinogens. We have investigated the early changes induced in rat liver epithelial cell cultures by MP using morphological, cytochemical, and cytofluorometric techniques. Within 2 h of MP treatment, inclusion bodies which were stainable with lipid stains were observed in the cytoplasm. Ultrastructurally, they resembled lamellar bodies with alternating light and dark lamellae. These bodies were transient in nature, since they disappeared within 24 h of removal of MP. They were, however, retained in the cytoplasm as long as MP was present in the medium. Lamellar bodies appear to be induced in the presence of histamine H1 receptor-blocking agents, since methaphenilene and diphenhydramine produced this reaction, but cimetidine, an H2 antagonist, did not. Morphologically, mitochondria of control cells were long and rod-like, whereas they were short or bizarrely shaped in the MP-treated cells. Moreover, a quantitative increase was observed in the mitochondrial content of the treated cells, when intact liver cells vitally stained with Rhodamine 123 were analyzed with a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. A significant increase in binucleated cells was observed when liver cells were exposed for 10 to 12 days with MP. Collectively, these results suggest that MP might perturb the cytoskeletal elements leading to an alteration in the nuclear and mitochondrial makeup of rat liver cells.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":17507312,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Shed-like structures are being built to provide Barn Swallow ( Hirundo rustica erythrogaster ) nesting habitat in response to population declines. However, Barn Swallow use of these structures is unavailable in the literature. We conducted three manipulative experiments to test if adding conspecific cues (i.e., vocalizations and decoys) to newly-built structures affected prospecting visits by Barn Swallows (1) during pre-breeding, (2) during post-breeding, and (3) during or after broadcasts of vocalizations compared to before broadcasts. Additionally, we monitored nesting following pre- and post-breeding cues. We built one nesting structure with and one without conspecific cues at each of 10 study sites in southern Ontario, Canada where nesting habitat was recently lost. We detected about twice as many Barn Swallows immediately after conspecific broadcasts compared to before. We did not find substantial differences in abundance and interactions with new nesting structures for other comparisons involving conspecific cues. Following pre-breeding cues at 10 sites, six nests were built in three of 10 structures treated with conspecific cues, compared to five nests in four of 10 structures without cues. In the subsequent breeding season following post-breeding cues at eight sites, four nests were built in two of eight structures treated with conspecific cues, compared to four nests in three of eight structures without cues. Conspecific vocalizations appeared to increase prospecting behaviour, but not the number of nests, at new nesting structures. The paucity of nests on new structures suggests that building shed-like structures may not be an effective method of mitigating loss of nesting habitat.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":212711333,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3008294901","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22621\/cfn.v133i3.2233","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCSA","url":"https:\/\/www.canadianfieldnaturalist.ca\/index.php\/cfn\/article\/download\/2233\/2321","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the design of offshore aquaculture net-pens, computer based models are needed in order to evaluate and optimize design criteria prior to the construction and testing of expensive prototype net-pen systems. Two fundamental criteria that must be addressed are dynamic response and reliability. Practical computer modeling methods must be capable of handling the complex fluid\/pen interactions that occur in high energy open ocean environments for a broad range of net-pen designs. The resulting dynamic response and stress and stress cycling information are essential input for design modification and lifetime predictions. In the paper, the finite element method is used to predict the three-dimensional dynamic response of submerged offshore net-pens and their associated moorings. Solid-framed and pre-stressed net-pen designs are modeled using simple structural elements. The solution to the nonlinear dynamic equilibrium equations is obtained using an incremental-iterative method based on an updated Lagrangian formulation. The resulting semi-discrete equations are integrated in time using the trapezoidal rule, and full Newton-Raphson equilibrium iteration is employed during each time step. Fluid loading is implemented using the Morison equation, along with Airy wave theory. The contributions to the element stiffness matrices that arise from the fluid loading are continually updated during the iterative process. Initial validation of the finite element results for a basic cage configuration is made by comparison to experimental data obtained from a simple cage model subjected to a constant current in a flume.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":54594968,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2181640671","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1115\/imece1997-1262","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A new type of hybrid discharge is experimentally investigated in this work. A helicon source and an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) source were combined to produce plasma. As a preliminary study of this type of plasma, the optical emission spectroscopy (OES) method was used to obtain values of electron temperature and density under a series of typical conditions. Generally, it was observed that the electron temperature decreases and the electron density increases as the pressure increased. When increasing the applied power at a certain pressure, the average electron density at certain positions in the discharge does not increase significantly possibly due to the high degree of neutral depletion. Electron temperature increased with power in the hybrid mode. Possible mechanisms of these preliminary observations are discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":73559290,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2468969729","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/1009-0630\/18\/8\/07","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Prestack phase-screen migration for surface seismic data was adjusted to apply to VSP data. In addition, it was improved to be able to compensate the absorption, which may occur significantly in gas hydrate formation, if Q-factors of the layers are provided. To verify the algorithm, we applied it to synthetic seismic data obtained from the velocity model simulating gas-hydrate bearing zone, and compared the results of migration without and with compensating for absorption. The compensation for absorption during migration significantly improved the resolution of the migrate image. With spatial spectral analysis, we confirmed that the migration with compensation for absorption recovered the amplitudes of higher frequencies, which are affected more by absorption. Results of the test with real VSP data from gas hydrate zone showed that the base of gas hydrate zone, which is weakly depicted by conventional migration, was clearly identified by the phase-screen migration with compensating for absorption.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":129503146,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2048806132","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3997\/2214-4609.201402437","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A novel approach based on the preceramic paper method was used for the fabrication of Ti_3SiC_2-based material. Elemental powders of Ti, TiC, Si, C, and organic additives were used as starting materials. The Rapid K\u00f6then process was used to fabricate the preceramic papers. The high-loaded green body of preceramic papers was heat-treated up to varying temperatures of 1300, 1400, 1500, and 1600 \u00b0C for 1 h in an Ar atmosphere. By using an excess amount of Si powder in the basic composition, the amount of Ti_3SiC_2 in the sintered specimen could be increased while the amount of TiC could be reduced. X-ray analysis showed that the paper-derived sample with the basic powder composition 3Ti\/3TiC\/3Si\/C was a single phase within the resolution limit of the instrument used. The high purity of Ti_3SiC_2 can be explained by the partial formation of amorphous C which could not be detected by X-ray diffraction. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of fracture surfaces showed the characteristic lamellar structure of the paper-derived MAX phase.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":136389818,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2610663216","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1557\/JMR.2017.132","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sea state is a key variable in ocean and coastal dynamics. The sea state is either sparsely measured by wave buoys and satellites or modelled over large scales. Only a few attempts have been devoted to sea state measurements covering a large domain; in particular its estimation from optical images. With optical technologies becoming omnipresent, optical images offer incomparable spatial resolution from diverse sensors such as shore-based cameras, airborne drones (unmanned aerial vehicles\/UAVs), or satellites. Here, we present a standalone methodology to derive the water surface elevation anomaly induced by wind-generated ocean waves from optical imagery. The methodology was tested on drone and satellite images and compared against ground truth. The results show a clear dependence on the relative azimuth view angle in relation to the wave crest. A simple correction is proposed to overcome this bias. Overall, the presented methodology offers a practical way of estimating ocean waves for a wide range of applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-22":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":232314761,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/rs13040679","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-4292\/13\/4\/679\/pdf?version=1656493596","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Premalignant conditions of larynx encompass a variety of lesions that have the potential to evolve into malignant changes. The dysplastic premalignant epithelial changes of larynx have significantly increased Risk of developing in cancer than the hyperplastic stage of epithelial changes and this transformation significantly depends on the grade of dysplasia. Therefore, early diagnosis & prompt treatment should thus prevent the development of invasive carcinoma requiring more debilitating surgical resection. The histopathological examination is diagnostic & the evolution of advanced laryngoscopic surgical procedures including CO2 laser and newer treatment methods such as photodynamic therapy has shown promising results in their management.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":236363355,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3169230360","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5772\/INTECHOPEN.97870","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ecological footprint analysis (EFA) can be used by cities to account for their on-going demands on global renewable resources. To date, EFA has not been fully implemented as an urban policy and planning tool in part due to limitations of local data availability. In this paper we focus on the material consumption component of the urban ecological footprint and identify the 'component, solid waste life cycle assessment approach' as one that overcomes data limitations by using data many cities regularly collect: municipal, solid waste composition data which serves as a proxy for material consumption. The approach requires energy use and\/or carbon dioxide emissions data from process LCA studies as well as agricultural and forest land data for calculation of a material's ecological footprint conversion value. We reviewed the process LCA literature for twelve materials commonly consumed in cities and determined ecological footprint conversion values for each. We found a limited number of original LCA studies but were able to generate a range of values for each material. Our set of values highlights the importance for cities to identify both the quantities consumed and per unit production impacts of a material. Some materials like textiles and aluminum have high ecological footprints but make up relatively smaller proportions of urban waste streams than products like paper and diapers. Local government use of the solid waste LCA approach helps to clearly identify the ecological loads associated with the waste they manage on behalf of their residents. This direct connection can be used to communicate to citizens about stewardship, recycling and ecologically responsible consumption choices that contribute to urban sustainability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":18745543,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1999886794","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/SU5051960","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nowadays, Most of the cities, especially metropolises of developing countries are engaged with environmental issues like air and water pollution, waste increase and etc., that lead to the environmental destruction. Meanwhile sustainable urban development, provides the balance between development and the environment, and supplies the current generation needs while keep its eyes on the next generation rights and respects it. This survey goes through the conceptual and theoretical sustainable urban development, and the environmental index situation in Tehran, as a metropolis, based on the available data. The study's method is a combination of documentary-librarian methods and data and available studies analyzing. Regarding that sustainable urban development indexes can be divided into environmental, social and economic indices, environmental indexes is one of the most important sustainable development indexes. The data shows that based of environmental indexes, high rate of air pollution and energy consumption and high rate of waste production, Tehran is away far from the desirable sustainable development situation. Generally, the results of this study imply that Tehran is not in an acceptable situation based on the environmental index ( air pollution , waste management , green and public space per- capita , clean transportation, energy consumption , water consumption , housing and patrimonial quality , sound pollution and etc.).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":130939299,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2342755173","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"TiAl based alloys are promising candidates for structural applications at high temperature. However, the poor oxidation resistance above 800oC obviously restrains their applications. Although NiCrAlY overlay coatings can remarkably improve the high temperature oxidation resistance of TiAl, serious inward diffusion of Ni from the coating to the substrate occurs which could reduce the lifetime of the coating\/substrate system. Apparently, the development of interdiffusion barrier could overcome the disadvantage of the NiCrAlY\/TiAl system. In this work, Ta, TiN and Cr2O3 interlayers were deposited between NiCrAlY coating and \u03b3-TiAl substrate as diffusion barrier (DB). The interdiffusion behavior of the TiAl\/DB\/NiCrAlY system was investigated at 1000\u00b0C. The results showed that the metallic and nitride interlayers cannot retard the interdiffusion of Ni effectively. As an active diffusion barrier, the oxide interlayer obviously suppressed the inward diffusion of Ni from the coating to the substrate by the formation of alumina-rich layers at both the TiAl\/DB and DB\/NiCrAlY interfaces.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137141286,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2023975099","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.654-656.1920","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The reaction behavior of C. rugosa lipase in the presence of sol. substrates is reported, and conclusions are drawn relative to the enzymic mechanism. The expected interpretation in terms of the formation of a dimeric species of the enzyme has found a rival model in the adsorption of the lipase on the surface of the reactor made of glass. [on SciFinder (R)]","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":86090396,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2230690154","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A new type of electrolyzed hydrogen-saturated (EHS) water was produced using a water-electrolyzing device equipped with a special cation exchanger. Use of the EHS water for drinking in a feeding test with rats elicited an antioxidative effect. After intraperitoneal injection of 2,2-azobis-amidinopropane dihydrochloride, urinary secretion of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine and hepatic formation of peroxidized lipid were significantly lessened in rats which had received the EHS water for one week. These results suggest the possibility that this drinking water shows an effect in reduction of oxidative stress in the body.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":7094222,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2119334342","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.69.1985","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The aim of this work was to determine the influence of liming on the process of pyrolysis. Three samples of sludge from two wastewater treatment plants were selected for this study on pyrolysis: sludge without liming and limed sludge from the Central Wastewater Treatment Plant in Ostrava and sludge from the Wastewater Treatment Plant in Sviadnov. The samples had different content of calcite (CaCO3). The limed sludge contained 7% of CaCO3, sludge without liming 3.8% and sludge without liming from WWTP Sviadnov contained 0.5% of calcite. The results of laboratory pyrolysis proved that limed sludge released the maximum amount of carbon \u2013 55.46 %, while sludge without liming from WWTP Sviadnov released only 48.92%. Calcite produces during its decomposition CaO and the product influences the pyrolysis process because it supports cracking of volatile organic compounds","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":55120682,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2074798760","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2478\/V10176-011-0005-7","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT The research demonstrates the impact of measuring \"validated\" ad impressions as opposed to simply counting ads that are delivered to a computer as has historically been done in online advertising measurement. \"Validation\" holistically measures the visibility of ads by consumers as well as the geographic accuracy, brand safety, and legitimacy of the ad delivery. Based on eighteen campaigns from twelve major brand advertisers, including Kellogg's, General Mills, Ford, Sprint, and more, the study found that there is a significant difference between gross and validated delivery, representing a substantial optimization opportunity for both buyers and sellers of digital advertising.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":168341139,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2501295912","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2501\/JAR-52-2-180-195","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In current practice, floor slab and beams in the perimeter seismic frames are monolithically constructed and rigidly connected to each other through starter bars. This rigid connection ensures that the shear friction between the floor and the seismic beam transfers the inertial force resulting from the response acceleration of the floor mass and any superimposed dead loads to the moment resisting seismic frame. But, this rigid connection between the floor and perimeter seismic beams leads to several complications such as: (i) possibility of stronger beam (than columns) because of the slab contribution on the negative moment capacity of seismic beams; (ii) possibility of (unidirectional) plastic hinge forming away from column face; and (iii) the floor-beam compatibility requirement leading to severe damage in the slab as the seismic beams deflect in double curvature and grow in length due to elongation of the plastic hinges at the same time. In a quest to avoid these complications, this paper investigates the feasibility of a floor slab that is detached completely from the perimeter seismic beams. In this system, the slab is rigidly connected to the intermediate beams, which are designed to transfer the inertial force to the columns through shear friction and\/or torsional resistance. This idea is conceptually discussed and its validity is scrutinized in the paper.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":55140452,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2295148581","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The rationale of this investigation was to develop fast dissolving tablets of naproxen sodium using camphor as a subliming agent. Orodispersible tablets of naproxen sodium were prepared by the wet granulation technique using camphor as a subliming agent and sodium starch glycolate together with crosscarmellose sodium as superdisintegrants. Camphor was sublimed from the granules by exposing the granules to vacuum. The porous granules were then compressed into tablets. Alternatively, tablets were first prepared and later exposed to vacuum.The formulations were evaluated for weight variation, hardness, friability, drug content, wetting time, and in vitro dissolution. All the formulations showed low weight variation with dispersion time less than 55 s and rapid in vitro dissolution. Sublimation of camphor from tablets resulted in superior tablets as compared with the tablets prepared from granules that were exposed to vacuum. The results revealed that the tablets containing the subliming agent had a good dissolution profile.The drug content of all the formulations was within the acceptable limits of the United States Pharmacopoeia XXVII. The optimized formulation showed good release profile with maximum drug being released at all time intervals. It was concluded that fast dissolving tablets with improved naproxen sodium dissolution could be prepared by sublimation of tablets containing a suitable subliming agent. This work helped in understanding the effect of formulation processing variables especially the subliming agent on the drug release profile.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":55377721,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2168120536","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22377\/AJP.V4I1.124","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study was completed in order to take a more advanced look at the relations between the dimensions of an animal and the climate of which it lives in. Every type of climate presents a region only sustainable for certain types of animals to maintain life in, and there are several factors that play into this sustainability. When analyzing the information at hand, an important question must be researched, \"Why are animals shaped differently in cooler climates than in warmer ones?\" (French 2014). Although a study of subspecies of badgers has been conducted prior to this experiment, we cannot use this information due to its inadequacy of answering the main question because no evidence of animal shape was presented in the research. We went about the research question in a way that examined a key relationship between the temperature an animal typically resides in and its dimensions such as surface area and volume. Once obtaining the measuring equipment needed, a heat source, and modeling clay, we were able to properly represent different body masses with cubic shaped clay in order to undergo an experiment that tested the cooling rate of these differently formed shapes when all are heated for the same amount of time. The completion of this experiment lead to results that had a key impact on giving a potential, reliable answer for the question we aimed to explain. When summarizing the implications gathered from the data, it is important to realize that organisms in colder climates have a larger, more compact shape, resulting in a smaller surface area to volume ratio, leading us to understand there is less area that can lose heat, ultimately giving these organisms the ability to retain the warmer temperature needed to survive in their particular climate. Many wish to understand why \"cold environment conditions and small body size promote heat loss and may create thermoregulatory challenges\" (Pearson 2014). You can use our research to further build upon the current explanation for why animal shape differs in a variety of climates.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":132453355,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2520754493","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Using spatial and temporal variation in openings of fast food restaurants in Norway between 1980 and 2007, we study the effects of changes in the supply of high caloric nutrition on the health and cognitive ability of young adult males. Our results indicate that exposure to these establishments during childhood and adolescence increases BMI and has negative effects on cognition. Heterogeneity analysis does not reveal meaningful differences in the effects across groups, including for those with adverse prenatal health or high paternal BMI, an exception being that cognition is only affected by exposure at ages 0--12 and this effect is mediated by paternal education.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-22":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":258727919,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3386\/w31226","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.econstor.eu\/bitstream\/10419\/272736\/1\/dp16109.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We have investigated the structures of copper nanowires encapsulated in carbon nanotubes using a structural optimization process applied to a steepest descent method. Results show that the stable morphology of the cylindrical ultra-thin copper nanowires in carbon nanotubes is multi-shell packs consisted of coaxial cylindrical shells. As the diameters of copper nanotubes increases, the encapsulated copper nanowires have the face centered cubic structure as the bulk. The circular rolling of a triangular network can explain the structures of ultra-thin multi-shell copper nanowires encapsulated in carbon nanotubes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136582196,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2054888729","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.449-452.1229","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Recent advancements in vision backbones have significantly improved their performance by simultaneously modeling images' local and global contexts. However, the bidirectional interaction between these two contexts has not been well explored and exploited, which is important in the human visual system. This paper proposes a Fully Adaptive Self-Attention (FASA) mechanism for vision transformer to model the local and global information as well as the bidirectional interaction between them in context-aware ways. Specifically, FASA employs self-modulated convolutions to adaptively extract local representation while utilizing self-attention in down-sampled space to extract global representation. Subsequently, it conducts a bidirectional adaptation process between local and global representation to model their interaction. In addition, we introduce a fine-grained downsampling strategy to enhance the down-sampled self-attention mechanism for finer-grained global perception capability. Based on FASA, we develop a family of lightweight vision backbones, Fully Adaptive Transformer (FAT) family. Extensive experiments on multiple vision tasks demonstrate that FAT achieves impressive performance. Notably, FAT accomplishes a 77.6% accuracy on ImageNet-1K using only 4.5M parameters and 0.7G FLOPs, which surpasses the most advanced ConvNets and Transformers with similar model size and computational costs. Moreover, our model exhibits faster speed on modern GPU compared to other models. Code will be available at https:\/\/github.com\/qhfan\/FAT.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-22":2,"2024-18":3,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1}},"corpusid":258999259,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2306.00396","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2306.00396"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"With the objective of exploring the association between breakfast and minor anal complaints, an age, sex and pregnancy matched case-control study was carried out in the out-patient clinics at Birmingham Heartlands Hospital. Patients were selected after personal interviews using a structured questionnaire in out-patient clinics. Information on age, sex, occupation and breakfast habits, as well as on haemorrhoids and anal fissure, was obtained. Patients who had haemorrhoids or anal fissure were placed in the case group; the remainder were controls. Any patient with diverticulosis, inflammatory bowel disease, colon cancer or bowel resection for any reason was excluded from the study. The main outcome measures were the odds of developing haemorrhoids or fissure in patients who did not eat breakfast. The results are based on 47 cases that were age, sex and pregnancy matched. Of the case group, 36% did not eat breakfast, compared with 11% in the control group. The analysis demonstrated a 7.5-fold increase in the odds of suffering from haemorrhoids or anal fissures in matched subjects who did not eat breakfast, with a very high level of significance (P = 0.0036). This indicates that there is a very strong association between failure to eat breakfast and haemorrhoids or anal fissure. It is anticipated that educating the public to eat breakfast would lead to a long-term fall in the incidence of anal complaints, in the attendant morbidity for the patients and in the cost to the health service.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":24773882,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Titanium (Ti)\/titanium nitride (TiN) ultrathin multilayer coating was deposited on 100Cr6 substrates to investigate the friction and wear behavior in the presence of paraffin oil as a lubricant. The coating architecture was designed by adding thick stress absorbing layers (SAL \u223c320 nm) in between the ultrathin Ti\/TiN (3.5\/4 nm) multilayer structure. The SAL reduces the residual stress in the coating. The coating had a NaCl type of structure, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed the preferential crystallographic orientation of TiN along [111] direction. The tribological properties of the nanostructured coating were evaluated under reciprocating sliding conditions at varying loads (2 and 7 N), and temperature (30 and 100 \u00b0C) against 100Cr6 steel balls using paraffin oil as a lubricant. There was no considerable change in the coefficient of friction (COF) at different testing parameters. However, there was a significant drop in wear volume at high-temperature testing conditions. The worn tracks were analyzed for their morphology and elemental composition through scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), and Raman spectroscopy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":219439172,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3024977099","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1115\/1.4047195","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Optimising the quality of care is an imperative for health services worldwide, including in Australia. Recognition that poor quality often has its roots in system failures is beginning to shift strategies for improvement to the systems of care, although the tendency remains to focus on eliminating the practice variations of individual clinicians. In those instances where systems improvement is addressed, strategies tend to be generic and technical, and often unrelated to the context in which they are applied. This paper reports an interim evaluation of a quality management program in cancer services implemented in a Sydney metropolitan teaching hospital dispersed across multiple campuses. The paper aims to inform the debate on quality improvement by reporting not only on what was achieved, but why change seems to be so hard. We found that organisational and social factors that influence the quality of health services were not sufficiently addressed, compared with technical factors. We conclude that service quality needs to be repositioned as an organisational goal, and implemented via a structured process that addresses organisational and social factors, as well as technical factors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":1555622,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2142432770","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1071\/AH050406","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Separation of Chiral Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients: A First Step towards Continuous Preferential Crystallization in the Pharmaceutical Industry The objective of this PhD project is to experimentally and theoretically investigate the separation performance and to improve the process understanding of a newly developed continuous preferential crystallization (PC) process for the separation of enantiomers forming conglomerates. This PC process is regarded as a first step towards a fully continuous PC process. The current knowledge of the importance of crystallization processes in the pharmaceutical industry and the complex thermodynamic and kinetic phenomena accompanied with the separation of chiral compounds are addressed. The experimental work covers laboratory studies and the theoretical work is based on the experimental data and observations. A large fraction of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) are enantiomers and the desired biological activity is provided only by one of the enantiomers. Strict regulatory requirements, increasing public demand, and fierce competition have forced the pharmaceutical industry to redevelop existing methods or develop completely new methods to produce pharmaceuticals consisting of APIs of the desired enantiomer. PC is one of several methods used industrially to obtain pure enantiomers by separation of a racemic mixture. The potential application of PC is strongly dependent on requirements to the thermodynamics and crystallization kinetics of the considered solute-solvent(s) system, and the desired operating conditions. Meeting these requirements are essential to achieve predefined physical attributes of the final product and process economical targets. In this respect, an increasing interest in converting from the conventional batch to continuous PC has initiated the search for new process development opportunities of PC processes. The reason is the many advantages of continuous operation, especially in the case of separation of enantiomers. A newly developed lab-scale continuous PC process, so-called continuous coupled preferential crystallization (CC-PC) process, consisting of two mixed flow crystallizers coupled via crystal-free mother liquor exchange streams and with only the liquid phases operated continuously, was built as the main part of this PhD project. Experiments in triplicate were conducted for the experimental investigation to assess the robustness of the CC-PC process and to investigate the achievement of simultaneous separation of the enantiomers of the conglomerate forming system of the amino acid asparagine monohydrate by crystal growth of seed crystals. The achievement of a racemic liquid phase composition consisting of nearly equal distribution of enantiomers in solution was also investigated. Finally, the performance of the CCPC process and its potential for further development to a fully continuous PC process was discussed. A nearly racemic composition of the liquid phase in the crystallizers was obtained. Successfull enantioseparation by crystal growth was verified, with the repeatability being within 10% deviation. Productivities, yields, and purities of solid products were influenced by the morphological differences in the seed crystals. Due to irregularly shaped seed crystals of L-asparagine mnohydrate (L-AsnH2O), increase in the productivities and yields were achieved in the L-Tank, i.e. the crystallizer in which L-AsnH2O crystals grow. Lower purities of solid products from the L-Tank compared to solid products from the d-Tank, in which seeds of d-asparagine monohydrate (D-AsnH2O) were used, were obtained. This could be due to surface nucleation of D-AsnH2O, ascribed to the surface structure of the seeds of L-AsnH2O supplied. An additional experiment was also carried out using seed crystals of a smaller average particle size having a smoother surface structure than used in the reference experiments. Productivity, yield, and purity were slightly improved in the L-Tank, for the same process duration. It should be emphasized, however, that it was found that the growth rate of the desired enantiomer was very low at the given experimental conditions and therefore practically no consumption of the enantiomer in the feed occurred in the crystallizer. This was ascribed to the nature of the controlling mechanism for crystal growth comprising slow surface integration of the asparagine monohydrate molecules onto the surfaces of the supplied seed crystals. The main advantages of the CC-PC process compared to other separation processes are low capital cost, high crystal purity and yield, ease of upscaling, increased safety, and reduced environmental impact due to reduction in amount of solvent used. Currently, the application is, however, limited to conglomerate forming systems. Nevertheless, the separation concept may open new possibilities for process improvements for enantioseparation of racemic compound forming systems as well. The theoretical investigation of the CC-PC process consisted of the establishment of a dynamic one-dimensional model describing the continuous separation of enantiomers by simultaneous preferential crystallization. The evolution in the moments of the crystal population balances in combination with the liquid phase mass balances for the enantiomers were presented. The model was validated against experimental data for the conglomerate forming system of asparagine monohydrate in aqueous solution. The kinetic parameters required were taken from available literature sources and simulations compared to experimental data. The simulations were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. The sensitivity analysis conducted suggests that the separation process can be improved by increasing the mean residence time of the liquid phase in the crystallizers, the crystallization temperature, and the mass of seeds supplied. Reducing the size of seed crystals will also lead to an improved separation. The model can be used to simulate the performance of the continuous crystallization process for a racemic compound forming system. The racemic compound and the pure enantiomer can be separated simultaneously in each crystallizer having sufficient enrichment of the pure enantiomer in the feed solution. The model can also be extended to represent a fully continuous separation process taking into account the continuous supply of enantiopure seed crystals and liquid feed solution and the continuous removal of solid product and mother liquor.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":56256020,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We address the problem of allocating transmission rates to a set of network sessions with end-to-end bandwidth and delay requirements. We give a unified convex programming formulation that captures both average and probabilistic delay requirements. Moreover, we present a distributed algorithm and establish its convergence to the global optimum of the overall rate allocation problem. In our algorithm, session sources selfishly update their rates as to maximize their individual benefit (utility minus bandwidth cost), the network partitions end-to-end delay requirements into local per-link delays, and the links adjust their prices to coordinate the sources' and network's decisions, respectively. This algorithm relies on a network utility maximization (NUM) approach, and can be viewed as a generalization of TCP and active queue management (AQM) algorithms to handle end-to-end QoS. We extend our results to deterministic delay requirements when nodes employ Packet-level Generalized Processor Sharing (PGPS) schedulers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":15929256,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2126024311","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TNSM.2007.021101","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To provide the safety of the population and environment with the occurrence of man-caused catastrophes due their increase is now an urgent problem. Toxic hazard coefficients were calculated for hydrogen sulfide in the settlements located in a possible chemical pollution area in the Orenburg gas-chemical complex. Assessment of the hazard of toxic effects to the population upon exposure to hydrogen sulfide has indicated that there may be toxic effects in the inhabitants of the study nearby inhabited localities. The findings do not characterize the possible severity of intoxication so it is necessary to develop a system of criteria for the differentiation of the severity of negative effects in order to evaluate the hazard of acute chemical exposures.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":133331371,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2409040532","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Photovoltaic (PV) solar panels and trackers represent one of the most common renewable energy technology which converts sunlight radiation into electrical energy. The solar trackers specifically are more complex structures because they involve mechanical devices, a supporting slender structure, and photovoltaic modules mounted and positioned on top of the supporting structure. Solar trackers are mounted on mobile supports or racks, in order to enable the rotation and tilt of the PV which thus maintains their optimum exposure to the incident sunlight. Solar trackers support structures should be designed for wind resistance during the operation and at stow position for its life span and this became a concern considering the new tendency of installing the solar trackers on the rooftop of low-rise or medium-rise buildings. The current research focused on performing site measurements of the wind-induced displacement for a dual-axis solar tracking system installed on the roof of the Mann Parking building of the University of Ottawa, for different azimuth, elevations. The supporting structure of the solar tracker was instrumented with 16 strain gauges and the strains developed in the metal truss members were measured during the months February 2015 and March 2015. The tracker was rotated and tilted at different angles through the duration of the experiment and the strains observed on each structural element were recorded. In order to estimate deflections of the supporting structure for wind speeds higher than the ones measured, a finite element (FE) model of the solar tracker was created and static analysis was performed for different inclinations using the SAP 2000 structural software. The experimental results were in agreement with the FE simulation results as the stresses obtained ranged between 1.02 \u00d7 107 Pa and 7.88 \u00d7 107 Pa. Lower attack angles between 45\u00b0 and 60\u00b0 were found to have significant effect on the elements of the solar tracker irrespective of the wind load magnitude. Operational attack angles between 65\u00b0 and 75\u00b0 were found to be safer positions as obtained displacements and stress analysis result showed that the supporting structure of the solar tracker was stable for wind speeds between 0 m\/s and 33m\/s in Ottawa region","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":112520042,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2323429133","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.20381\/RUOR-5421","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A class of two dimensional (2D) problems is considered. This class is usually analyzed as three dimensional (3D) problems. The finite difference-time domain (FDTD) method is used to analyze the problem of transverse magnetic (TM) polarization. The number of unknowns is reduced from six unknowns in the 3D case to only three unknowns in the 2D case. Reducing the number of unknowns reduced the CPU time and reduces the storage requirements. Several examples are presented for stripline, microstrip circuits, and waveguide structures to show the simplicity versatility of the technique for analyzing practical problems as 2D-problems. The solution is verified by comparing our results with published results.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":2,"2013-48":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":60850825,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1943705166","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/SECON.2000.845578","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Immunoglobulin (Ig) is an essential soluble mediator of humoral immunity to prevent infectious agents that invades the host. Secretory IgA is the main effecter in mucosal immunity and acts as a first line of defence in the host immunity system. Exercise is known to modulate the production of specific antibody and it is anticipated that dietary intervention such as bovine colostrum may modulate the mucosal immunity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of nutritional supplementation of bovine colostrum on salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA). The subjects comprise adolescent school boys from Bukit Jalil Sports School that are actively involved on regular physical training. The subjects were randomly assigned into experimental (colostrum; n=20) or control (skimmed milk; n=20) group. The experimental and control groups were not significantly different in terms of age and body mass index. The former consumed 20 g of bovine colostrum supplement, and the latter 20 g of skimmed milk, daily for 6 weeks. sIgA measurement was conducted pre- (day 0) and post-supplementation (day 42). Bovine colostrum supplementation significantly increase saliva IgA (p<0.001) in the experimental group as compared to the control group. It was concluded that 6 weeks of bovine colostrum supplementation increases sIgA concentration in active young adolescents during training. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanistic basis of sIgA and colostrum interaction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":71698866,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2106171670","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2010.078725.145","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/bjsm.bmj.com\/content\/bjsports\/44\/Suppl_1\/i44.1.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Context: The coexistence of diabetes mellitus (DM) with hypothyroidism is a known clinical observation. Aims: To estimate prevalence and co-relate that of hypothyroidism in patients with DM in relation to the age and sex, the lipid profile, body mass index visiting diabetes clinic and inpatients in B. P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences. Settings and Design: The hospital-based descriptive study. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and seventy-one known or newly detected cases of DM aged more than 15 years were selected randomly from September 2012 to September 2013 and subjected to evaluation for thyroid function \u2013 clinically and biochemically and other relevant investigations were done. Statistical Analysis Used: For descriptive statistics mean, standard deviation, percentage, proportion were calculated. For inferential statistics following test were carried out at the level of significant 0.05 where confidence interval is 95%. The statistical operations were done through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 10. Results: Of 271 subjects, the prevalence of hypothyroidism (clinical and subclinical) in diabetics was, 4.05% (11\/271) with females preponderance, of which 7 (30.4%) were clinically hypothyroid and 4 (17.4%) were subclinical hypothyroid. One (4.3%) patient had subclinical hyperthyroidism. The mean age at diagnosis of type 2 DM was 51\u201360 years. 8.69% of diabetics with primary hypothyroids were having morbid obesity. High-density lipoprotein among different thyroid status were statistically significant (P = 0.042). Conclusions: Hypothyroidism is not uncommon in diabetes, and we found body mass index, mean triglyceride and cholesterol levels were more in those diabetic patients having coexisting hypothyroidism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":5244579,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1986214520","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.152790","PubMedCentral":"4366783","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCSA","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2230-8210.152790","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The diversification rate hypothesis (DRH) proposes that spatial patterns of species richness result from spatial variation in net diversification rates. We developed an approach using a time-calibrated phylogeny and distributional data to estimate the maximum explanatory power of the DRH, over a given time period, to current species richness in an area. We used this approach to study species richness patterns of a large family of suboscine birds across South America. The maximum explanatory power of the DRH increased with the duration of the time period considered and grain size; it ranged from 13 \u2013 37 fold local increases in species richness for T = 33 Ma to less than 2-fold increases for T \u2264 10 Ma. For large grain sizes (\u2264 8\u00b0 \u00d7 8\u00b0) diversification rate over the last 10 Ma could account for all the spatial variance in species richness, but for smaller grain sizes commonly used in biogeographical studies (1\u00b0 \u00d7 1\u00b0), it could only explain < 16% of this variance. Thus, diversification since the Late Miocene, often thought to be a major determinant of Neotropical diversity, had a limited imprint on spatial richness patterns at small grain sizes. Further application of our approach will help determine the role of the DRH in explaining current spatial patterns of species richness. Note to readers This manuscript has been seen by a few researchers, some of whom suggested that before publishing our work in a peer-reviewed journal we should conduct simulations to demonstrate that our methods properly estimate the contribution of variance in diversification rates to spatial variation in species richness. Although we believe that our approach derives logically from theory and statistics and is therefore valid, we understand that it is rather unique and see why some readers would think that an independent validation is necessary. Unable to complete such validation in the near future, however, we decided to make this manuscript available as a preprint to share our ideas and hopefully stimulate discussion on what we believe is a most interesting topic. We also hope to receive feedback that may enable us to improve our work for publication in a journal at a later date.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":89703127,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2788160045","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1101\/240978","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/content\/biorxiv\/early\/2017\/12\/29\/240978.full.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: To assess the need to induct Military Medicine as under graduate subject at military medical colleges of Pakistan. \nStudy Design: Mixed method study. \nPlace and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Post Graduate Medical Institute (AFPGMI) Rawalpindi, from Oct 2013 to Jul 2014.Methodology: A data collection tool was pretested and structured questionnaire was used. The questionnaire was distributed to 100 male military doctors (n=74) with service limit of <5 years. In Depth Interviews were also conducted from Nineteen Key Informants including faculty and military healthcare administrators. \nResults: Only 30 (41%) participants correctly responded to 11-15 responses. Twenty (27%) respondents almost aware of management of patient in field. Twenty two (30%) and 27 (36%) had knowledge of capabilities of forward treatment center and advance dressing station respectively. Seventy (95%) respondents and almost all key informants had acknowledged that newly commissioned medical graduates do not have enough knowledgebase to amicably deal health related challenges of military environment. They also supported to include module of military medicine at undergraduate level, and conduct a military medicine cadre to train civil graduates prior to join active military service. \nConclusion: Competency in military medicine needs to be appreciated as the universal core competency of all doctors in military service. It may be recognized as an academic discipline at undergraduate level, and to develop Armed Forces Medical Services as an efficient and professional outfit.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":213113132,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2992093389","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The diagnostic yield of push enteroscopy (PE) varies widely from 13 to 78% of cases, according to the various series. The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to determine the endoscopic and histological yield of PE in our health area. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 355 consecutive patients (190 males\/165 females; mean age 45 years, range 15-89) underwent PE over a 6-year period, from 1997 to 2003. PE was performed under sedation and without overtube. Small-bowel mucosa biopsies were taken in 199 explorations (56%). Clinical indications for PE included: chronic diarrhea (35%), occult digestive bleeding (ODB) or iron-deficiency anemia (28%), suspected small-bowel malignancy (16%), chronic abdominal pain (28\/355; 8%), follow-up of polyposis or malabsorption syndromes (7%), and abnormal radiographic findings (6%). RESULTS: PE detected lesions in 122 cases (34%); in 6 cases (6%) lesions were within the reach of esophagogastroduodenoscopy. A normal macroscopic appearance of the small intestinal mucosa with an abnormal histological study was seen in 16 patients (6%). Major findings included: malabsorptive diseases (14%), nonspecific enteropathy (5%), angiodysplasia (3,5%), lymphangiectasia (3%); jejunal polyps (2%), Crohn s disease (2%), intestinal tumors (2%), extrinsic jejunal strictures (0.5%), and other (10\/355; 3%). Abnormal radiographic findings (62%), chronic diarrhea (37%) and ODB (31%) were the indications with a higher diagnostic yield. No major complications were seen. CONCLUSIONS: According to our experience, PE is a safe and useful tool for the evaluation of small-bowel disease, especially in some indications (abnormal radiographic findings, chronic diarrhea, and ODB). Small-bowel biopsy increases PE's diagnostic yield in patients with chronic diarrhea.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":36264431,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2153382142","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4321\/S1130-01082006000200003","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"THE GLADYSVALE CAVE SYSTEM IS A SERIES of fossiliferous deposits located in the Cradle of Humankind World Heritage Site, Gauteng, South Africa. Recent excavations at Gladysvale have used a geographic information system (GIS)-based approach to record locations of individual fossils as they are discovered. This method allows precise mapping of specimens, and subsequent analysis of their spatial context. Here we describe the geological context and recent finds in the external deposits at Gladysvale, and a new approach to their analysis. Examples showing spatial distributions of the remains of different bovid tribes and carnivore-damaged bones versus bones gnawed by porcupines are presented. A lack of spatial differentiation of data types may indicate one of two possible scenarios; first, either there are no differences in environment and taphonomic agents of accumulation, or, more likely, there was movement of specimens within the decalcified external deposits at the site. This exercise demonstrates that fossil mapping by theodolite and GIS are powerful tools in palaeo-anthropological field research and mapping.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":130251941,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2342280353","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Collaboration has been common in workplaces in various engineering settings and in our daily activities. However, how to effectively engage collaborators with collaborative tasks has long been an issue due to various situational and technical constraints. The research in this paper addresses the issue in a specific scenario, which is how to enable users to interact with public information from their own perspective. We describe a 3D mobile interaction technique that allows users to collaborate with other people by creating a symmetric and collaborative ambience. This in turn can increase their engagement with public displays. In order to better understand the benefits and limitations of this technique, we conducted a usability study with a total of 40 participants. The results indicate that the 3D mobile interaction technique promotes collaboration between users and also improves their engagement with the public displays.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":4806562,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2789485807","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/sym10030069","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-8994\/10\/3\/69\/pdf?version=1525337830","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The effect of the cone spacing of a conical structure on the ice force is studied by model tests. The ice force reduction coefficient presented in this paper expresses the relationship between the ice force and the arrangement of cones. The tests prove that the mode of the ice failure before the boundary of upward-downward bending cone (UDBC) is crushing. A conclusion can also be drawn from the experiments that the ice force on the boundary of UDBC is by far less than that on a vertical pile with the same diameter. Moreover, the ice force frequencies on upright and inverted cones are obtained under the field condition of the platform JZ20-2, respectively. The results show that the alternation of the ice force on UDBC can hardly induce resonance of platform JZ20-2.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":113287271,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2245044049","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Self-determination applied to augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) interventions suggests the need to assess students' preferences for various communication devices. We describe a potentially promising methodology for enabling students to indicate preference for communication devices. Implementation of this methodology is illustrated in two controlled demonstrations. In the first demonstration, two adolescents with developmental disabilities were taught to use each of three voice-output communication aids (VOCAs) to request snacks. Following acquisition, all three VOCAs were simultaneously available across repeated opportunities and the student could select which one of the three devices to use. Both students demonstrated a consistent preference for one of the VOCAs. In the second demonstration, these same two students were provided with a choice between their preferred VOCA and a communication board containing line drawings. Both students demonstrated a preference for the VOCA over the communication board. These cases illustrate a potentially useful methodology that might enable non-speaking students with developmental disabilities to participate in communication device selection. \u00a9 2005 - IOS Press and the authors. All rights reserved.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":110127887,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2131175072","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3233\/TAD-2005-17302","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction Untargeted metabolomics is a powerful tool for biological discoveries. Significant advances in computational approaches to analyzing the complex raw data have been made, yet it is not clear how exhaustive and reliable are the data analysis results. Objectives Assessment of the quality of data analysis results in untargeted metabolomics. Methods Five published untargeted metabolomics studies acquired using instruments from different manufacturers were reanalyzed. Results Omissions of at least 50 relevant compounds from original results as well as examples of representative mistakes are reported for each study. Conclusion Incomplete data analysis shows unexplored potential of current and legacy data.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":44198084,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2619257701","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1101\/143818","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/143818","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Turbulence, understood as a disruptive process of coming together, offers a productive metaphor for making sense of the complex dynamics involved in the formation and design of atmospheres. This paper extends the idea of turbulence to spatial, material, experiential and disciplinary registers, and examines the varied and sometimes contradictory forces that exist between them, with reference to an architectural installation project, Cloud Sound . An understanding of atmospheres as always in negotiation across a region of turbulence, rather than a static well-defined boundary, is developed. Cloud Sound sustains this uncertainty by keeping things unfixed and in play, part of an active process that I call thresholding . This concept is supported by a discussion of the ambiguity of atmospheres and how they disrupt distinctions between organisms and their environments, something that has implications for expanded disciplinary practises.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":112235858,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2287770315","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.24135\/IJARA.V0I0.477","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For single-phase $LCL$-filtered grid-connected inverter, several control strategies are often used for its better performance, such as active damping for resonance suppression caused by the $LCL$ filter, grid voltage feedforward for high quality of the output current and phase-locked loop (PLL) for grid synchronization. But these control strategies often require additional sensors, which can result in higher cost and unreliability of the whole system. At present, there are some control strategies to reduce the number of sensors, but usually two or more sensors are still needed. In this paper, a control strategy of single-sensor inverter based on full-order state observer is proposed. By sampling the inverter-side current, other state-space variables including the grid voltage and the grid current can be estimated with high accuracy. The simulation results prove that the proposed method performs well with very small observation error, and the control strategy can be easily imposed to maintain the good stability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":237375038,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICIEA51954.2021.9516178","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The technique of VR and AR utilizing HMD and peripherals was due to launch the products in which the research developers predicting the market magnification satisfy the request of the users in 2016. In the suddenly change game market, because of reflecting global technique and standardization trend, the white paper on Korean games and ICT standardization roadmap published for the development of Korea game industry are important in the decision procedure of the prediction of the game industry and game marketing and technology development and standardization support policy related to the game. In this paper, I analyze the present condition of Korean game industry through published white paper on Korean games and ICT standardization roadmap since 2012 by the year 2016 and suggested the competitiveness strengthening measure of Korean game industry required for the pathfinding of the global game market.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":115051432,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2621328469","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract This paper describes an authoritative, non-proprietary information resource that provides an efficient mechanism for embedding specialized clinical knowledge into the design of healthcare telecommunications systems. The resource marries two types of data interchange standards, a message\/electronic-document standard and a terminology standard. In technical terms, it is part protocol and part database. Industry, academia, professional specialty societies, and the federal government participated in its development. The development of mUlti-specialty content has broadly engaged biomedical domain experts to an unprecedented degree in voluntary, non-proprietary message\/document-standards development. The resource is the SNOMED DICOM Microglossary (SDM) [1], a message-terminology (or document-content) mapping resource. The message\/electronicdocument standard is DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) [2]. The terminology standard is SNOMED, (Systematized Nomenclature of Human and Veterinary Medicine) [31. The SDM specifies the mapping of multi-specialty imaging terminology from SNOMED to DICOM data elements. DICOM provides semantic constraints and a framework for discou rse that are lacking in SNOMED. Thus the message standard and the computerbased terminology both depend upon and complete each other. The combination is synergistic. By substitution of different templates of specialty terminology from the SDM, a generic message template, such as the DICOM Visible Light (Color Diagnostic) Image or the DICOM Structured Reporting specification can be reconfigured for diverse applications. Professional societies, with technical assistance from the College of American Pathologists, contribute and maintain their portions of the terminology, and can use SDM templates and term lists in clinical practice guidelines for the structure and content of computer-based patient records.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":257259120,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1634557","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A cross-cutting pegmatite emplaced into low grade, non-migmatitic, Proterozoic, Moine metasediments on the western sea-board of Inverness-shire, Scotland, gives Rb-Sr muscovite ages of 746\u2013776 Ma which are interpreted as minimum estimates for the age of formation of the pegmatite. Intrusion followed at least one phase of folding and schistosity production in the country rocks and an early phase of syn-kinematic garnet growth, correlated with the regional D2 tectono-metamorphic event. The pegmatite was folded and suffered considerable grain size reduction under metamorphic conditions during the regional D3 deformation episode. The dilational character and low grade context of the pegmatite show that it was not a product of melting in place during metamorphism of the adjacent Moine Schists. Its lack of initial, syn-kinematic crystallization textures and fabrics, together with the absence of evidence that might relate its emplacement to any regional phase of compressive ductile deformation, would be compatible with a considerable time lapse between its intrusion and the earlier deformation and metamorphism of the host rocks. We have, however, no direct evidence for the extent of this interval. The relationship of the pegmatite to the earlier deformation and metamorphism of the host rocks provides clear evidence for substantial Precambrian orogenic activity but the age of this activity, whether 'Morarian' and, or, 'Grenvillian', remains a matter of interpretation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":129920839,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2070305577","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1144\/gsjgs.140.5.0813","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Goal. To work up clinical and morphological criteria of thyroid authonomy and progressive growth in nodal colloid goiter (NCG). Methods. A group of patients with nodal euthyroid goiter (NEG) (40 patients) and a group of patients with nodular toxic goiter (NTG) (40 patients) were formed to compare clinical and morphological criteria of NCG growth to\/with development of functional autonomy (FA). All patients were conducted research including physical examination, thyroid palpation, ultrasound, blood level of TSH and T4, scintigraphy, aspiration (needle) biopsy, immunocytological and immunohistological reactions and statistics. In the study the method of indirect immunoperoxidase reaction with monoclonal rat\/mouse antigens to Ki-67, TSH, galectin-3, Apo-test (\"Dako Corporation\", \"Novocastra Laboratories Ltd.\") was used. Results. 1. In NEG expression of cell proliferation marker Ki-67 for certain rises pro rata to increase of proliferation degree, and in NTG grows according to FA development. 2. Apoptosis expression in NEG decreases according to degree of thyrocytes in a nodule, but in NTG falls pro rata to accumulation of thyroid FA. 3. Positive reaction for TSH in NEG tissue was found in 100%, whereas negative reaction for this receptor in NTG tissue was observed in 81% of all cases. 4. Galectin-3 was expressed in focuses of severe dysplasia of thyroid nodes tissue comparable to galectin-3 expression in the tissue of high-grade differentiated adenocarcinomas. Summary\/conclusion. 1. Severe and moderate expression of Ki-67 and mild or negative immunomorphological reaction for Apo-test allows to refer such kinds of nodules to fast-growing\/rapid-growing ones. 2. Reliable negative expression TSH receptor in the tissue of NCG is evidence of FA development and is an indication for a treatment of radioactive iodine or for an operation. 3. Galectin-3 probably is an early marker of malignant transformation in thyroid tissue. 4. Having conducted complex research of NCG patients using clinical, laboratory, morphological and immunomorphological methods allows to optimize the diagnostics of thyroid nodular diseases, to work out clinical and morphological criteria of progressive growth and FA, to determine ways of their treatment and prognostic tendencies taking into account pathological and morphofunctional features of NCG.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":74940744,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1531926537","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Aim: To characterize common beta-lactamase genes and the role of integrons in beta-lactam antibiotic resistance among multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa strains isolated from intensive care units in Turkey. Materials and methods: Aft er the examination of 67 P. aeruginosa isolates, 14 were found to be resistant to all of the tested beta-lactams and aminoglycosides. Th ese 14 strains were studied to characterize the beta-lactamases and related integrons. Evaluation of minimum inhibitory concentrations, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening, isoelectric focusing, outer membrane isolation and analysis, and cloning and sequencing were performed according to published protocols. Results: PCR screening for common beta-lactamases detected PER-1 and OXA-10 among the selected MDR P. aeruginosa. PCR screening results showed that 2 of the isolates had 5'-3' class I integrons. Sequence analysis of the integrons revealed the existence of 6'-N-acetyltransferase (aac(6)-Ib) and streptomycin 3'-adenyl transferase (aadA2) cassettes (GenBank accession no. EF368053). Coexistence of PER-1 and OXA-2 and of PER-1 and OXA-10 was demonstrated in 8 and 7 of the isolates, respectively, by PCR. Shotgun cloning and PCR screening with relevant primers revealed the existence of a class I integron-associated blaOXA-2 gene cassette in 2 of the isolates. Strains positive for OXA-2 were also positive for PER-1. Conclusion: Th is study demonstrated the coexistence of PER-1 and OXA-2 in a single host. Coexistence of PER-1 with OXA-2 may increase the risk of the spreading of MDR P. aeruginosa in Turkish hospitals.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":67806154,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2102940861","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1009-1095","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3906\/sag-1009-1095","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The article examines national news reports on prostitution of Russian women in northern Norway between 1990 and 2001. Applying critical discourse analysis, the author shows how this particular type of cross-border, rural prostitution is represented as sexual transaction, as a sociopolitical problem (of public order, public health, social\/moral breakdown and stigma), and as a symbolic issue used to legitimize stricter border controls. Images of prostitutes, pimps and customers are also discussed. The different thematizations are in turn connected to various historical practices of state regulation of sexuality, to constructions of group identities based on moral categories, and to social definitions of what is normal and what is deviant.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":260729875,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/1350682002009002807","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although the spatial curvature has been measured with very high precision, it still suffers from the well known cosmic curvature tension. In this paper, we propose an improved method to determine the cosmic curvature, by using the simulated data of binary neutron star mergers observed by the second generation space-based DECi-hertz Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (DECIGO). By applying the Hubble parameter observations of cosmic chronometers to the DECIGO standard sirens, we explore different possibilities of making measurements of the cosmic curvature referring to a distant past: one is to reconstruct the Hubble parameters through the Gaussian process without the influence of hypothetical models, and the other is deriving constraints on \u03a9K in the framework of non-flat \u039b cold dark matter model. It is shown that in the model-independent method DECIGO could provide a reliable and stringent constraint on the cosmic curvature (\u03a9K = \u22120.007\u00b1 0.016), while we could only expect the zero cosmic curvature to be established at the precision of \u2206\u03a9K = 0.12 in the second model-dependent method. Therefore, our results indicate that in the framework of model-independent methodology proposed in this paper, the increasing number of well-measured standard sirens in DECIGO could significantly reduce the bias of estimations for cosmic curvature. Such constraint is also comparable to the precision of Planck 2018 results with the newest cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations (\u2206\u03a9K \u2248 0.018), based on the concordance \u039bCDM model.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":245537219,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To investigate the contribution of individual amino acids to the antigenicity of the N-terminal region of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D, a series of 14 overlapping synthetic peptides within residues 1 to 30 were examined for their reactivity with monoclonal antibody LP14 (a group VII monoclonal antibody; in herpes simplex virus mutants resistant to LP14, arginine 16 is substituted by histidine) and two antipeptide antisera (antipeptide 9-21 and antipeptide 1-23). Maximal binding was achieved with peptides 9-21, 10-30, 9-30, and 8-30 and the chymotryptic fragment 9-17 of peptide 9-21, suggesting that a major antigenic site is located within residues 10 through 17. Lysine 10 was shown to be essential for high reactivity, either by binding directly to the antibody molecule or by stabilizing an ordered structure of the peptide. The importance of ordered structure was demonstrated by a decrease in reactivity after sodium dodecyl sulfate treatment of peptides 9-21 and 8-30.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":2813346,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2147732886","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.61.11.3607-3611.1987","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/jvi.asm.org\/content\/jvi\/61\/11\/3607.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Quality control in granting patents is a strong concern nowadays because granting patents without effective quality control will lead to negative spillover effects on competition, innovation, and the economy and adversely affect the public interest. More often than not, patent quality suffers from a poorly conducted examination process arising from lack of resources and information. Further, overburdened patent offices are another factor in low-quality patents. Pre-grant and post-grant opposition help in overcoming these problems by allowing third parties or interested persons to monitor patentability subject matters. Only innovations with valuable technology are worthy of receiving exclusive protection under patent law. Because each type of opposition has its relative merits and demerits, a country that wants to adopt the opposition process must take all factors into account including its domestic patent law. Thailand is one of the developing countries located in South East Asia that has adopted a pre-grant opposition system. In place for several years, it has seen plenty of oppositions and patent application appeals. This article considers the efficiency of the pre-grant opposition process in decisions of the Thai Board of Patents. An in-depth examination and analysis undertaken in the article points to the fact that although patent quality is in the eye of the beholder, pre-grant opposition proceedings in Thailand, when incorporated in legislation, increase patent quality, in return bettering innovation for the public benefit.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":152738608,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1543105159","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The adhesive properties of eight root canal sealers, applied as a thin layer between a dentine and a gutta-percha surface, were investigated. Tensile bond strengths ranged from 0.02 MPa (Sealpex) to 2.38 MPa (AH26). Inspection of fractured surfaces indicated failure of adhesion to dentine (Tubli-Seal) and to gutta-percha (AH26, Diaket) as well as failure of cohesion (CRCS, Kloroperka N-O, ProcoSol, rosin chloroform, Sealapex). Pretreatment of the dentine surface with EDTA caused a significant increase in bond strength for ProcoSol, rosin chloroform, Sealapex, and Tubli-Seal.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":43126298,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article examines the historical conditions of archival research faced by the historian Leopold Ranke whilst on research mission in Central Europe in the early nineteenth century. In 1827, the historian was granted a study leave and was to search for original manuscripts. However, access to both libraries and archives was restricted. Particularly access to the archive, integral part of the arcane sphere of the state, was closely monitored by the state administration. Moreover, after Napoleon's imperialism in Europe state governments were rather sensitive due to the disorder and recent recasting of the political map. But in this period of enhanced nation building process leading statesmen were also keen on to put history based on archival research into service. I contend that the historian's research unfolded at a very early stage of his research process in a field of forces in which Ranke, although he benefited from his recently established scholarly reputation, took the position of a (foreign) subject. Ranke was to ask for permission to use archive material. To achieve his goal, the historian deployed various means and strategies in the anteroom of the archive. Moreover, the administrative examination of the historian's request impacted on Ranke's relationship to members of state governments, his agenda of research, the historical notion of knowledge and truth, his reputation as a historical scholar and, finally, on the choice of his favoured materials, the relazioni.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":154427920,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2167169715","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Is the Australian law of tort and compensation gender neutral in the way it allocates damages and compensation for injuries? Do all those who suffer compensable injuries receive appropriate compensation for their injury via common law damages or via statutory compensation (or a combination of the two)? Are the only relevant variables the type of injury; whether the system of compensation is a fault or no-fault system; the location where the injury occurred; and how it occurred?","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":201436657,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2965976447","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Herak D., Kabutey A., Sedlacek A., G\u0171rdil G. , 2011. Tangent curve utilization for description of mechanical behaviour of pressed mixture . Res. Agr. Eng., 57: 13-18. This article is focused on the utilization of tangent curve for description of mechanical behaviour of pressed mixture under compression loading. The aim of this experiment was to determine the general equation describing deformation characteristics of pressed mixtures under compression loading and to verify this equation. The experiment was carried out using mixture of seeds of common sunflower ( Heliantus annuus L.), jatropha ( Jatropha curcas L.), garden pea ( Pisum sativum L.), common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and also mixture of spruce wood chips and waste paper chips. The results from the experiment showed that mechanical behaviour of the pressed mixtures under compression loading can be described by tangent curve function. From the determined coefficients of determination R 2 it was clear that fitted tangent curve functions described the measured amounts exactly for all pressed mixtures. It can be therefore assumed that this tangent curve function is appropriate for use in pressing any pressed mixtures during linear compression.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137618279,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"203864224","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.17221\/12\/2010-RAE","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Snake venom is best known for its ability to incapacitate and kill prey. Yet, potency and the amount of venom available varies greatly across species, ranging from the seemingly harmless to those capable of killing vast numbers of potential prey. This variation is poorly understood, with comparative approaches confounded by the use of atypical prey species as models to measure venom potency. Here, we account for such confounding issues by incorporating the phylogenetic similarity between a snake's diet and the species used to measure its potency. In a comparative analysis of 102 species we show that snake venom potency is generally prey-specific. We also show that venom yields are lower in species occupying three dimensional environments and increases with body size corresponding to metabolic rate, but faster than predicted from increases in prey size. These results underline the importance of physiological and environmental factors in the evolution of predator traits.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":210961206,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study presents induction machine fault detection possibilities using smartphone recorded audible noise. Acoustic and audible noise analysis for fault detection is a well-established technique; however, specialised equipment for diagnostic purposes is often very expensive and difficult to operate. To overcome this obstacle, a simple pre-diagnostic procedure, using hand-held smartphones is proposed. Different faults of the three-phase squirrel cage induction machine such as various numbers of broken rotor bars and dynamic rotor eccentricity are inflicted to the machine and the resulting audible signals are recorded in laboratory circumstances using two widely available commercial smartphones. The analysis is performed on audible noise and compared with the results of mechanical vibrations measurements, recorded by vibration sensors. Rotational speed frequency and twice-line frequency are used as diagnostic indicators of faults. A simple neural network is composed and probabilities of fault detection using such diagnostic measures are presented. The necessity for further study as well as further implementation and method refinement necessity is pointed out.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":115961387,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2808649831","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1049\/IET-SMT.2017.0104","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The potential for seed-eating birds to spread viable seeds was investigated using captive-feeding trials to determine seed preference, passage time through the gut, and viability of passed seeds for bronzewing pigeons (Phaps chalcoptera), peaceful doves (Geopelia striata), crested pigeons (Ocyphaps lophotes), Senegal doves (Streptopelia senegalensis), zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), black ducks (Anas superciliosa) and wood ducks (Chenonetta jubata). Test seeds were bladder clover (Trifolium spumosum), crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum), gorse (Ulex europaeus), canola (Brassica napus) and red panicum (Setaria italica). Their consumption was compared with that of commercial seed mixes. Although all test seeds were recognizable foods, their consumption usually decreased in the presence of other foods, except for canola, where consumption rates were maintained. Hard-seeded bladder clover was the only species where viable seeds were passed by obligate seedeaters. In contrast, viable seeds of canola and gorse were passed by seed-eating omnivorous\/ herbivorous ducks, although the germination of passed seeds (42%) was reduced significantly compared with that of untreated control seed (67%). Field validation with wild, urban bronzewings and Australian magpies (Gymnorhina tibicen) offered canola and commercial seed yielded similar outcomes, with a range of viable seeds recovered from magpie soft pellets. Mean seed passage time in captive birds ranged from 0.5 to 4.3 h for all test seeds and commercial seed mixes, suggesting that these bird species may potentially disperse seed over moderate distances. Despite the low probability of individual birds spreading viable seed, the high number of birds feeding in the wild suggests that the potential for granivorous and seed-eating omnivorous birds to disperse viable seeds cannot be discounted, particularly if exozoochorous dispersal is also considered.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":2,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":54075896,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2082541805","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1442-9993.2009.01992.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the lakes of the Middle Rio Doce, Minas Gerais (MG), two groups of larval Libellulidae are distinguished by preferences of habitat use: one uses mainly aquatic macrophytes and the other uses the bottom substrate. The goal of this work was to verify if there is a morphological distinction between the two groups of species. Thirteen body measures were taken from the larvae and analyzed. No difference was found between the two groups of species regarding the body size, but shape differences were observed for two morphological variables. The species that use mainly macrophytes tend to have larger relative measures of the labium and smaller measures of the abdomen width. Advantages in resource obtainment and in vulnerability to predation are probably the explanations for the morphological divergence among these larval groups.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":85894613,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2185018223","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Question Answering (QA) systems have been extensively studied in both academia and the research community due to their wide real-world applications. When building such industrial-scale QA applications, we are facing two prominent challenges, i.e., i) lacking a sufficient amount of training data to learn an accurate model and ii) requiring high inference speed for online model serving. There are generally two ways to mitigate the above-mentioned problems. One is to adopt transfer learning to leverage information from other domains; the other is to distill the \"dark knowledge\" from a large teacher model to small student models. The former usually employs parameter sharing mechanisms for knowledge transfer, but does not utilize the \"dark knowledge\" of pre-trained large models. The latter usually does not consider the cross-domain information from other domains. We argue that these two types of methods can be complementary to each other. Hence in this work, we provide a new perspective on the potential of the teacher-student paradigm facilitating cross-domain transfer learning, where the teacher and student tasks belong to heterogeneous domains, with the goal to improve the student model's performance in the target domain. Our framework considers the \"dark knowledge\" learned from large teacher models and also leverages the adaptive hints to alleviate the domain differences between teacher and student models. Extensive experiments have been conducted on two text matching tasks for retrieval-based QA systems. Results show the proposed method has better performance than the competing methods including the existing state-of-the-art transfer learning methods. We have also deployed our method in an online production system and observed significant improvements compared to the existing approaches in terms of both accuracy and cross-domain robustness.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":235324706,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/3442381.3449814","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Kaufman's Atlas of Mouse Development: With Coronal Sections continues the stellar reputation of the original Atlas by providing updated, in-depth anatomical content and morphological views of organ systems.The publication offers written descriptions of the developmental origins of the organ systems alongside high-resolution images for needed visualization of developmental processes. Matt Kaufman himself has annotated the coronal images in the same clear, meticulous style of the original Atlas. Kaufman's Atlas of Mouse Development: With Coronal Sections follows the original Atlas as a continuation of the standard in the field for developmental biologists and researchers across biological and biomedical sciences studying mouse development. * Provides high-resolution images for best visualization of key developmental processes and structures* Offers in-depth anatomy and morphological views of organ systems* Written descriptions convey developmental origins of the organ systems","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":63261571,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2379242819","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Currently, there is greater interest on economic and financial analysis of the firm, due to the feeling of instability caused by the global financial crisis. Simply put, governments, and millions of individuals holding shares in the stock market as small investors were placed in an unprecedented situation. This paper aims to estimate the default risk through the use of IT.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":54080526,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Considering the low productivity of fixed molded honeycomb mold, an efficient turning molded honeycomb mold is developed. Using TRIZ theory, a technical analysis of fixed molded honeycomb mold is conducted. Through the TRIZ innovation principles of the Spheroidality, combined with the characteristics of the mold, innovative design of the rotary molded honeycomb mold has been made. According on the Pro\/MECHANICA analysis platform, by the finite element analysis method, the actual molded honeycomb mold forces, boundary conditions and imposed load are being researched in the view of the molded honeycomb mold for the actual operating conditions. The sensitivity analysis of mold parameters is conducted so as to optimize the structure parameters of mold. Shown by the practical application, the rotary molded mold can improve the productivity significantly.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136602327,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2082464562","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.102-104.358","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Owing to the complex geometry and non-uniform stress distribution, it is extremely difficult to obtain an accurate value for the analytical stress intensity factor (SIF) solution for a surface crack in a tubular welded joint. It is usually predicted using three-dimensional T-butt SIF solutions in conjunction with appropriate load-shedding models. The problem with this approach is that the effect of the tube curvature is ignored. Thus it may not represent the accurate stress intensity at the tip of the crack and stress redistribution resulting from the reduction of member stiffness with crack growth. Assuming that the relative influence of the weld toe for the deepest point SIF of a semi-elliptical surface crack in a thin pipe is the same as that for an edge crack of the same depth in a flat plate under the same stress distribution and using the weight function for longitudinal cracks in thin pipes as the reference solution, a new weight function in a closed form has been derived for the deepest point of a semi-elliptical surface crack at the saddle position in a tubular welded T-joint in this study. Based on this weight function and the uncracked T-butt through-wall stress distribution database, a new set of SIF parametric equations has been derived for membrane and bending loading respectively. This set of equations has incorporated the crack aspect ratio influence and the effects of the weld toe including the weld toe angle, weld attachment length, and weld radius. With the hot-spot stress, degree-of-bending values and appropriate load-shedding models, they can be used to predict the deepest point SIFs for semi-elliptical surface saddle cracks in tubular welded T-joints. The curvature effect of tubes to the SIFs is identified by comparing the predictions with three-dimensional T-butt finite element data and the results from three-dimensional T-butt weight-function-based SIF solutions. A comparison of the predictions with tubular joint fatigue test results, especially early crack growth data, has shown that this new SIF solution can work very well with the non-linear moment release model. Together with the extended Du-Hancock aspect ratio development model, they provide a fast SIF calculation procedure for the deepest points of surface saddle cracks during fatigue crack growth in tubular welded joints.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":137728858,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2154491739","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1243\/030932405X15972","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The comparative in vitro activity of RU 64004 (also known as HMR 3004), a new ketolide antibiotic, was tested by agar dilution against approximately 500 gram-positive organisms, including multiply resistant enterococci, streptococci, and staphylococci. All streptococci were inhibited by < or = 1 microg of RU 64004 per ml. The ketolide was more potent than other macrolides against erythromycin A-susceptible staphylococci and was generally more potent than clindamycin against erythromycin A-resistant strains susceptible to this agent. Clindamycin-resistant staphylococci (MIC, > 128 microg\/ml) proved resistant to the ketolide, but some erythromycin A- and clindamycin-resistant enterococci remained susceptible to RU 64004.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":44270184,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2147757608","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.41.5.1196","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper proposes a method and tool to visualize and analyze intra- and inter- organizational process interactions to make manufacturing enterprises more efficient. The key issue is not a support tool led by a methodology, but a methodology to deeply understand the processes, supported by a software tool. The methodology provides a standard thinking flow model and figure models to find the fundamental problems and to propose improvements, and a supporting system to both evaluate the business processes and to provide easy visualization. The method and tool is currently validated for a number of different examples. The paper also describes the findings from the experiments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":63649967,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2550245960","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: To determine the predictive value of childhood trauma, a family history of mental illness, resilience, depressive symptoms, and psychotic symptoms on functional decline in a Boston college student population. Methods: This study is an analysis of a subset of cross-sectional and longitudinal questionnaire data from a project entitled \"A Multi-Site, Collaborative, University-Based Program for the Prevention of Youth Suicide\" conducted by the Massachusetts General Hospital Depression and Clinical Research Program. This study analyzes data from screenings at two Universities in the Boston area, at which 475 subjects filled out questionnaires assessing a variety of mental health domains and psychological functioning. Subjects with initial elevated scores on depression, psychosis, and suicidality measures (N=183) were followed over time and completed online questionnaires reassessing these mental-health and functional domains one month and thirteen months later via online questionnaires. Pearson's Correlations were used to determine correlates of poor functioning at baseline. Additionally, linear regression was used to assess how baseline childhood trauma, a family history of mental illness,","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":151734567,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2602075942","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper critically discusses the future of User Experience (UX) research across the tech industry and hence the shift from classic usability research towards design-led approaches, quantitative research discipline, A\/B testing and telemetry. Likely causes for this shift are addressed to empower the UX research discipline to remain relevant. The areas covered include the identity crisis and democratization of UX research; evolvement and sustainability of the UX discipline; and fusion of UX across heterogeneous fields. The adaptations to this shift are discussed from the Point of View (PoV) of practitioners. This includes offering clarity and meaning based on the organizational context and product positioning; and also leveraging deep understanding human behavior with a focus on data integrity that relates to the technology and environment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":19246270,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2552737330","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.14236\/EWIC\/HCI2016.61","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Metamorphosis of the bugs Pyrrhocoris apterus and Oncopeltus fasciatus is blocked by the application of juvenile hormone analogs to the eqgs 4 weeks earlier. One or more supernumerary larval molts occur to form \"giant\" larvae which routinely die without undergoing netamorphosis. When the corpora allatta were excised at the outset of the fifth larval stage, the entire phenomenon vanished and all individuals underwent normal metamorphosis. The inhibition of metamorphosis can therefoore be attributed to a continuation of the secretion of endogenous juvenile hormone by the corpora allata of mature larvae deried from eggs treated with juvenile hormone.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":25697372,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2091229264","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1126\/science.167.3916.287","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"\u2013 The purpose of this paper is to threefold. The first purpose is to review and critically analyze corporate sustainability development (CSD) research in China. Second, the paper extracts a unified theoretical framework among CSD drivers, CSD practices, and corporate performance in China. Finally, it seeks to identify links between CSD and industrial management and data systems (IMDS) topics. , \u2013 A comprehensive and structured review of the research literature investigating CSD in China was completed. Categorizations and classifications of the literature were summarized. A critical analysis of the literature resulted in a generic theoretical framework that can be used for evaluation of the literature and further investigation. , \u2013 The literature review found over 189 papers on CSD in China published from 1997 to 2013. The framework developed focussed on relationships among drivers, practices, and performance within a CSD in China context. The framework provides useful insights into the implementation of CSD practices. The integration of the three dimensions of sustainability and decision-making methodology are still rare. Specific features of CSD are also reviewed with a linkage to IMDS research around information technology, business process modeling, and supply chain management. , \u2013 This is one of the first works to provide a comprehensive focus on CSD in China. The theoretical framework was developed for CSD in China to clarify the relationships between the drivers, the corporation's characteristics, CSD practices, and corporation performance and will prove useful for future research development and investigation. The linkage to IMDS topics is novel and will help further research related to CSD in China for this journal.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":31942668,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2013254292","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1108\/IMDS-09-2014-0258","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Recent studies have demonstrated that individuals' financial planning horizons significantly impact their economic decisions, such as saving propensities, credit card usage behaviors, investment choices, retirement decisions, as well as estate planning engagements. Motivated by the profound implications and impacts of people's financial planning horizon variations, this study investigates the determinants of individuals' financial planning horizons both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Using the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data, the analyses in this paper reveal that older American adults' financial planning horizons are strongly determined by their self-perceived life expectancy. Over time, the changes in self-perceived life expectancy, marital and retirement status, health conditions, and wealth level will cause individuals to shift their financial planning horizons. The insight gained in this study helps financial planners to better understand the factors driving the changes of their clients' financial planning horizons and how to encourage them to expand their planning horizons.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":235320092,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3213013","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study aimed to analyze the probability of the occurrence of dry\/wet spell rainfall using the Markov chain model in the Upper Awash River Basin, Ethiopia. The rainfall analysis was conducted in the short rainy (Belg) and long rainy (Kiremt) seasons on a dekadal (10\u2013day) scale over a 30-year period. In the Belg season, continuous, three-dekad dry spells were prevalent at all stations. Persistent dry spells might result in meteorological, hydrological, and socio-economic drought (in that order) and merge with the Kiremt season. The consecutive wet dekads of the Kiremt season indicate a higher probability of wet dekads at all stations, except Metehara. This station experienced a short duration (dekads 20\u201323) of wet spells, in which precipitation is more than 50% likely. Nevertheless, surplus rainwater may be recorded at Debrezeit and Wonji only in the Kiremt season because of a higher probability of wet spells in most dekads (dekads 19\u201324). At these stations, rainfall can be harvested for better water management practices to supply irrigation during the dry season, to conserve moisture, and to reduce erosion. This reduces the vulnerability of the farmers around the river basin, particularly in areas where dry spell dekads are dominant.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":228970182,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3094731979","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/w12113051","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4441\/12\/11\/3051\/pdf?version=1604059271","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Srivastava and colleagues identify that increase in STAT-1\u2013mediated HLA class I upregulation after cetuximab therapy in patients with head and neck cancer correlates with clinical outcome based on results from a prospective clinical trial investigating neoadjuvant treatment with cetuximab; they suggest that the increase may be a biomarker of response to cetuximab treatment. The goal of this study was to characterize the molecular mechanisms underlying cetuximab-mediated upregulation of HLA class I antigen-processing machinery components in head and neck cancer (HNC) cells and to determine the clinical significance of these changes in cetuximab-treated HNC patients. Flow cytometry, signaling studies, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays were performed using HNC cells treated with cetuximab alone or with Fc\u03b3 receptor (Fc\u03b3R)-bearing lymphocytes to establish the mechanism of EGFR-dependent regulation of HLA APM expression. A prospective phase II clinical trial of neoadjuvant cetuximab was used to correlate HLA class I expression with clinical response in HNC patients. EGFR blockade triggered STAT1 activation and HLA upregulation, in a src homology-containing protein (SHP)-2\u2013dependent fashion, more prominently in HLA-B\/C than in HLA-A alleles. EGFR signaling blockade also enhanced IFN\u03b3 receptor 1 (IFNAR) expression, augmenting induction of HLA class I and TAP1\/2 expression by IFN\u03b3, which was abrogated in STAT1\u2212\/\u2212 cells. Cetuximab enhanced HNC cell recognition by EGFR853\u2013861-specific CTLs, and notably enhanced surface presentation of a non-EGFR peptide (MAGE-3271\u2013279). HLA class I upregulation was significantly associated with clinical response in cetuximab-treated HNC patients. EGFR induces HLA downregulation through SHP-2\/STAT1 suppression. Reversal of HLA class I downregulation was more prominent in clinical responders to cetuximab therapy, supporting an important role for adaptive immunity in cetuximab antitumor activity. Abrogating EGFR-induced immune escape mechanisms and restoring STAT1 signaling to reverse HLA downregulation using cetuximab should be combined with strategies to enhance adaptive cellular immunity. Cancer Immunol Res; 3(8); 936\u201345. \u00a92015 AACR.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":6295853,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2203636072","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1158\/2326-6066.CIR-15-0053","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cover crops are integral parts of whole farm systems that indude corn (Zea mays L.), but there is a lack of synchrony between cover crop N release and corn N uptake. This synchrony may be enhanced by varying the cover crop spring desiccation time and subsequent residue management. A field study was established to determine (i) the effect of rye (Secale cereale L.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), and rye + hairy vetch spring desiccation timing on cover crop biomass, N content, and C:N ratio and (ii) the effect of the cover crop species, spring desiccation timing, and residue management on soil moisture content, soil mineral N concentration, corn tissue N concentration, and corn grain yield. Chemical desiccation times were either the boot stage of rye (approximately 3 wk prior to corn planting) or the early flowering stage of hairy vetch (several days prior to corn planting) for all three cover crop treatments. Three cover crop residue management treatments were implemented several days after each chemical desiccation : no further treatment (control), cover crop residue mowed (mow), or cover crop residue mowed and disked (mow + disk). All cover crops increased in biomass accumulation, but only hairy vetch increased in N content between desiccation times. Cover crop N availability was more important for corn yield potential than cover crop soil moisture conservation. Corn yields were higher following hairy vetch than following rye and rye + hairy vetch, due to greater N availability from hairy vetch residue. Corn N concentrations and yields were not influenced by desiccation time following hairy vetch, indicating that hairy vetch should be allowed to grow until immediately prior to corn planting, to permit maximum N accumulation. However, corn N concentrations and yields were higher with early desiccation than late desiccation following rye and rye + hairy vetch, indicating that cover crops including rye should be desiccated several weeks before corn planting, Mowing may be an alternative cover crop management technique that enhances the synchrony of cover crop N release with corn N need and uptake while maintaining a moisture conserving mulch.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":85339539,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2069141620","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2134\/AGRONJ1998.00021962009000040016X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Changes in activity of beta-lysins in blood serum were studied in the time course on albino mice infected with staphylococci and treated with rifampicin, lincomycin and inactivated staphylococcal vaccine administered in combination or alone. It was shown that staphylococcal infection lowered activity of the serum beta-lysins in the animals and therapeutic use of inactivated staphylococcal vaccine stimulated beta-lysin activity. Therapeutic use of rifampicin or lincomycin under the same conditions lowered activity of beta-lysins. The inhibitory effect of rifampicin was less pronounced. Combined use of the antibiotics and the vaccine promoted an increase in activity of beta-lysins as compared to the use of the antibiotics alone.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":77878680,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2418311082","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The nature of student leadership in schools may be changing to reflect an increase in the importance of social networking over educational gain. To understand these trends it is important to speak with students and investigate leadership from their perspective. A range of \nadolescent responsive methodologies were used in this study to facilitate student interpretations of leadership contexts. The methods included drama vignettes, photovoice and mind mapping. The student perspectives were analysed using Bourdieu's (1977) notions of habitus, field and capital to understand how students saw leadership, self and education converge or partition. The study found that students were able to understand and accept symbolic and social forms of capital but they were unable to make an explicit link between student leadership and educational gain. This raises the proposition that student understandings of leadership are grounded in social, rather than pedagogical experiences.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":2,"2015-06":2,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":142613214,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1604355575","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Four new complexes of formula [MCl2(IM2py)2], where M\u00a0=\u00a0Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II) or Zn(II); IM2py\u00a0=\u00a04,4,5,5-tetramethyl-2-(2-pyridyl)-imidazolin-1-oxyl, have been prepared, and examined from viewpoints of the crystal structures, magnetic and spectroscopic properties. All the complexes crystallize in an isomorphous space group C2\/c with Z\u00a0=\u00a04, and exist as discrete mononuclear molecules with OC-6-22 [cis(Cl)-trans(py)] geometrical structure in the crystal. In the zinc(II) complex a moderate intramolecular IM2py\u2013IM2py antiferromagnetic interaction (2J\u2032\u00a0=\u00a0\u221219.1(1) cm\u22121) is estimated by the magnetic susceptibility measurement. The magnetic interactions between Mn(II) and IM2py are found to be antiferromagnetic, J\u00a0=\u00a0\u221223.8(2) cm\u22121. Ferromagnetic interactions of the complexes of Ni(II) and Co(II) are inferred from the magnetic susceptibility. These magnetic properties are substantiated by the variable temperature UV-vis-NIR spectra of which the intensities increase for Mn(II) or decrease for Ni(II) and Co(II) with decreasing temperature for the spin-forbidden d\u2013d transition and\/or the metal(II) d\u03c3 to IM2py SOMO \u03c0* CT transition.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":94212305,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1966125083","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/B010243L","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We consider a downlink cellular communication system with a multi-antenna base station (BS). A regularized zero forcing precoder is employed at the BS to manage the inter-user interference within the cell. Using methods from random matrix theory, we derive a deterministic approximation for the achievable ergodic sum rate, taking into account the randomness from both fading and random user locations. The obtained approximation describes well the behavior of finite-sized systems and enables efficient optimization of the precoder matrix.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":17022108,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2023284099","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2015.2415796","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Five cases of gouty arthritis encountered in the clinic of Branch Hospital of Okayama University at Misasa Spa are described. Case 1: Y.I., a man aged 58, was first seen on April 24, 1961. His first symptoms had occurred 10 years previously, when he was awakened by severe pain in the left instep. The attack resolved within a few days, but since that time he had 2 or 3 attacks of acute arthritis each year, at first restricted to the dorsum of his left foot, near the base of the big toe, but later involving the ankles and the knees. These attacks usually lasted about a week, but recently such attacks had become more frequent and tended to last longer. In early January, 1961, he noticed pain and swelling of the fingers and consulted this clinic for the purpose of obtaining balneotherapy. A tophaceous mass the size of walnut was presnt on the left olecranon. Nine determinations of the blood uric-acid level were made, ranging from 8.1 to 10.1 mg. per 100 ml. The serum cholesterol level was 279 mg. per 100 ml. Treatment combining the use of phenylbutazone and balneothenapy was effective. Case 2: J.K., a man aged 80, was first seen on July 25, 1961. For 4 years he had been subject to attacks of acute arthritis affecting the fingers and toes. On July 16, he had sudden severe pain in the instep of the left foot. His son had probable gout. The metatarso-phalangeal joint of the left big toe was swollen and painful. The blood uric-acid level was 10.1 mg. per 100 ml. Treatment combined the use of phenylbutazone, dietary regulation, and the drinking of radioactive spring water. In Oct. 1961, he wrote saying that he had remained free from symptoms of gout and had no further treatment. Case 3: I.M., a man aged 52, was first seen on January 24, 1962. His symptoms began in 1935 (at the age of 25), when he had sudden severe pain in his right big toe, which rapidly became swollen and red. The pain lasted about a month. After this, he had at least one similar attack of joint pain in each of the next 10 years. In 1945, he noticed a pain in the dorsum of his right foot. The attacks have tended to last longer and to involve multiple joints, most recently the knees and hands being also affected. He was treated for rheumatoid arthritis and hypercholesterolemia. About the middle of January, 1962, the swelling which had first appeared on his right foot in 1935 became very painful and was accompanied\nby fever (38.\u00b05~39.\u2103.). There was no family history of gout. The metatarso-phalangeal joint of the right big toe was swollen and painful, and the right knee was swollen. Determinations of the blood uric-acid level ranged from 5.5 to 12.0 mg. per 100 ml. The serum cholesterol level was 196 mg. per 100 ml. Therapy with phenylbutazone was started on January 24, 1962, in a total daily dose of 200 mg. and by the middle of Feburary, symptoms had disappeared. He discontinued use of the medication, whereupon a recurrent attack appeared. For the first few days he was given phenylbutazone, 400 mg. daily. This dosage was later reduced to 300 mg. daily, and benemid was added. Case 4: Y.U., a man aged 57, was first seen on Feburary 12, 1962. For 8 years he had been subject to attacks of acute arthritis affecting both insteps. Swelling and limited movement were present in the big toes. He had aural tophi. The blood uric-acid level was 8.2 mg. per 100 ml. Case 5: B.A., a man aged 67, was first seen on April 10, 1962. His first relevant symptoms had occurred 3 years previously, when he developed sudden pain and swelling in his right big toe. The pain lasted about 5 days. Since then he had had similar attacks at the rate of five a year. In March, 1962, he had an attack of joint pain in the right ankle lasting 5 days. The blood uric-acid levels ranged from 5.0 to 9.3 mg. per 100 ml. Administration of phenylbutazone, 200 mg. daily, and balneotherapy relieved the symptoms of gouty arthritis. The Use of balneotherapy in the treatment of chronic gouty arthritis will be discussed in a second paper by the present authors in the next volume of this series.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":209047041,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"174158457","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present an overview of the field of anonymous communications, from its establishment in 1981 from David Chaum to today. Key systems are presented categorized according to their underlying principles: semi-trusted relays, mix systems, remailers, onion routing, and systems to provide robust mixing. We include extended discussions of the threat models and usage models that different schemes provide, and the trade-offs between the security properties offered and the communication characteristics different systems support.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":1405497,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1545174125","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Business research has rarely explored service innovation for the traditionally conservative legal industry. Using a resource-based and practice-based view blend as its theoretical backbone we develop an understanding of the parameters underpinning law firm innovation as a facilitator of operations management enhancement and possible source of entrepreneurship. The paper presents a survey answered by 106 legal professionals from 19 countries exploring four thematic areas referring to human capital, social capital, knowledge and technology transfer that were hypothesised to define innovation. Ordered probit regression modelling was used. Evidence is presented that cybersecurity threats, inadequate and limited training on IT, excessive paperwork and lack of efficient teamwork, collaboration and communication are key challenges to innovation adoption, which is a pathway to sustainable, inclusive and resilient firm growth. Firm size and internationalisation are innovation-altering factors; SMEs differ from large global firms in their ability to operate 'outside-the-box'. Our results recommend that legal enterprises need to adopt innovation as a robust transformation-enabling toolkit that could facilitate a performance-enhancing business ethos.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":251868417,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/14657503221119667","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives: Hyperlipidemia can cause a variety of diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and fatty liver which is followed by increased liver enzymes. Since Berberis vulgaris (B. vulgaris) root possesses antioxidant properties, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of its extract on the activity of liver enzymes in rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, sixty Wistar rats were selected and allocated to six groups of ten each. The control group received a normal diet and the sham group received a fatty diet while the other groups including experimental groups received a fatty diet and the alcoholic extract of B. vulgaris at minimum (75 mg\/kg), moderate (150 mg\/kg), and maximum (300 mg\/kg) doses by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) or oral atorvastatin (10 mg \/kg) with a fatty diet. At the end of this 21-day period, blood samples were drawn and the levels of the intended factors were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5. Results: The comparison of the obtained results showed that the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes in the sham group that only received fatty food increased (p\u22640.05), whereas in the treatment groups receiving B. vulgaris extract as well as in the group receiving Atorvastatin, these enzymes significantly decreased; however, no significant changes were observed in aspartate transaminase (AST) levels. Conclusion: Noticing the antioxidant properties of B. vulgaris root extract and its effects on reducing the activity of liver enzymes, the extract of this plant can be a good choice for improving the function of liver.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":9116902,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2102889328","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22038\/AJP.2012.103","PubMedCentral":"4075670","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study investigates the effects of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling in unsupervised Maximum Likelihood (ML) learning. Our attention is restricted to the family of unnormalized probability densities for which the negative log density (or energy function) is a ConvNet. We find that many of the techniques used to stabilize training in previous studies are not necessary. ML learning with a ConvNet potential requires only a few hyper-parameters and no regularization. Using this minimal framework, we identify a variety of ML learning outcomes that depend solely on the implementation of MCMC sampling. \nOn one hand, we show that it is easy to train an energy-based model which can sample realistic images with short-run Langevin. ML can be effective and stable even when MCMC samples have much higher energy than true steady-state samples throughout training. Based on this insight, we introduce an ML method with purely noise-initialized MCMC, high-quality short-run synthesis, and the same budget as ML with informative MCMC initialization such as CD or PCD. Unlike previous models, our energy model can obtain realistic high-diversity samples from a noise signal after training. \nOn the other hand, ConvNet potentials learned with non-convergent MCMC do not have a valid steady-state and cannot be considered approximate unnormalized densities of the training data because long-run MCMC samples differ greatly from observed images. We show that it is much harder to train a ConvNet potential to learn a steady-state over realistic images. To our knowledge, long-run MCMC samples of all previous models lose the realism of short-run samples. With correct tuning of Langevin noise, we train the first ConvNet potentials for which long-run and steady-state MCMC samples are realistic images.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":88516917,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2998462233","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1609\/AAAI.V34I04.5973","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1903.12370"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose: The article deals with the possibilities of applying foreign experience in activating the marketing component to attract investment in higher education and substantiates an effective mechanism for implementing these prospects in domestic conditions. Design\/Methodology\/Approach: The article describes the challenges facing Russian higher education in the transformation into an engine of the national economy innovative development, which involves the activation of fundraising. Also, the author gives examples of American and European positive experience in attracting investment into higher education, describes the size of private funding per person in a number of countries, presents the existing promising models of the development of Russian universities and their needs for partnership with business. Findings: The influence of state marketing for implementing adaptive changes in higher education appears to be dominant. It is seen as an important factor in creating conditions for investment flows to universities. A mechanism for creating research and educational centres in the regions that operate on the basis of marketing partnerships contributing to the creation of innovative solutions for the development of territories and, in the future, bringing world-class innovations to the market is supposed to be significant. Practical Implications: The author proves the need to take into account the experience of other countries in creating research and educational centres, marketing relations between universities and business community in the regions and the use of state marketing in continuing the implementation of initiatives to transform the Russian higher school into the flagship of innovative development of the national economy. Originality\/value: The author's approach can become the basis of marketing decisions in creating a mechanism for long-term cooperation between universities that receive investment and businesses focused on the investigation of innovative products to ensure the trajectory of innovative development of the national economy in the interests of society as a whole.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":225512180,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3046947969","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.35808\/ijeba\/505","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.ijeba.com\/journal\/505\/download","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Plasma radical nitriding was performed to harden the surface of SCM 440 steel for 1-10 hours at temperature range of 450-550\u00b0C. No compound layer was formed during this process except the experiment carried out at 500 for 10 hours. A diffusion depth increased with increasing treatment temperature and time ( up to about 250). The surface hardness of radical nitrided layer was two times higher than that of the untreated surface. The main phase produced in the diffusion zone was identified to be \u03b3\u0384-Fe4(N,C). The residual stress of the diffusion layer also increased with increasing treatment temperature and time due to the increase of precipitates.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137607559,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2028465415","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/SSP.124-126.1453","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper demonstrates the use of Geometer's Sketchpad to construct 3-dimensional pop-up polyhedra for students to handle in the study of Platonic and Archimedean solids. It explores some history of the use of pop-up polyhedra to illustrate mathematical shapes, as well as survey strategies for construction. A cloth book for a new granddaughter Eleanor inspired this project. Its pop-ups were an early favorite of Eleanor and her parents.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":59040121,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"277871971","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This research aims to conceptualise the dimensions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in supply chains and then investigate the degree of importance and implementation of these CSR practices from SMEs perspectives. Also, it explores the drivers of SMEs' CSR practices based on the institutional theory and the stakeholder theory. Literature review, panel discussions as well as a large-scale questionnaire survey with SMEs were conducted for this purpose. Stepwise analyses using analytic hierarchy process, performance-importance matrix and ANOVA were used for this purpose. The results showed that SMEs tend to focus on explicit CSR practices that can be easily identified by their customers. It is also shown that stakeholder and institutional pressures were valid in the performance of CSR practices, but largely biased to customers, government and regulatory pressures. This research has value in postulating and testing dimensions of CSR which fully consider supply chain contexts with empirical survey data.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":199497560,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Insulin resistance (IR) increases risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) . We previously found associations between plasma lipids, metabolites and IR; whether these associations differ in people with and without T1D is not well understood.\n We analyzed targeted plasma lipidomics and untargeted plasma metabolomics in 25 premenopausal women aged 18-45 yrs (12 with T1D and 13 without diabetes [non-DM]) who had a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp to measure glucose infusion rate (GIR) . After stratifying by diabetes, women were classified by tertiles of GIR. We used sparse partial least-squares discriminant analysis to predict and moderated t-tests to compare most IR vs. most insulin sensitive (IS) tertile.\n Among women with T1D, 3 lipids, 4 amino acids, 3 peptides, 3 xenobiotics, 1 carbohydrate, and 1 nucleotide were lower and 1 lipid and 1 fatty acid were higher in the most IS tertile (Table) . Among non-DM women, 4 lipids, 1 cofactor, 1 fatty acid, and 1 phosphatidylethanolamine were lower and 1 nucleotide and 1 lipid were higher in the most IS tertile. None of the top features were the same in the T1D and non-DM groups.\n Plasma lipids and metabolites were differentially associated with IR in women with and without T1D. Future work should validate these findings in a larger sample of women and men, and explore how these biomarkers relate to IR and metabolism in T1D.\n \n \n \n T.B.Vigers: None. L.Pyle: None. I.E.Schauer: None. B.C.Bergman: Research Support; Eli Lilly and Company. J.K.Snell-bergeon: Stock\/Shareholder; GlaxoSmithKline plc.\n \n \n \n American Diabetes Association (7-13-CD-10) ; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (grant HL61753 and HL113029) , JDRF Diabetes Foundation (grant 17-2013-313) , DERC Clinical Investigation Core (grant P30 DK57516) , NIH-M01-RR00051, NIH P30-DK116073","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":249246805,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2337\/db22-1331-p","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a lethal genetic disease of muscle wasting for which there is no cure. In healthy muscle, structure and function improve dramatically with exercise. In patients with dystrophy, little is known about the effects of exercise. As contemporary therapies rapidly progress and patients become more active, there is a need to understand the effects of exercise.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":46865234,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2751682413","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1249\/JES.0000000000000131","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":": A person's expressions of feeling are readable from their face, which is widely regarded as the most significant feature of the human body. Detecting and recognizing a person's face is more accurate and less expensive than other types of biometrics. It is possible to infer a person's intention and state based on their emotional state, thanks to a modality known as emotion. Within the realm of computer vision research, expression analysis and recognition have emerged as one of the more exciting research topics. New HCI research considers the user's emotional state to deliver a smooth interface. This study suggests a hybrid deep learning technique for emotion analysis based on face images. The suggested system is an amalgamation of VGG16 and Bidirectional LSTM techniques to classify various emotions on the face. Binary cross-entropy was used as a loss function to optimize the model. The model was taught and tested on the KDEF dataset. Another hybrid model comprising of Conv2D, Maxpooling2D, and Bidirectional LSTM models was tested on the CK+48 dataset. Both models showed efficient performance accuracy in training and testing the face emotion classifications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":253518969,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This report presents some initial results of our research which addresses the increasing gaps between the power of multicore\/multiprocessor systems and the lack of development models and tools that help programmers exploit such power while ensuring correctness and predictability. One specific goal of our research is to support service contracts on multicore\/multiprocessor platforms that support resource partitioning and therefore allow a compositional development of parallel real-time systems. In such a system, each application or application component is described by a service contract, all of which collectively form a hierarchy of service contracts. After successful negotiations, such a hierarchy will be mapped to a hierarchical scheduling system. As with other real-time systems, such systems require schedulability analysis, which is the main focus of this report","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":15978999,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study aimed to identify the factors that interfere in maintaining safe sex. Data were collected through individual interviews with 11 HIV\/aids patients living with HIV-negative partners, under clinical treatment at a specialized aids clinic. Analysis was based on Prose analysis by Andre (1983). The concept of vulnerability was used as a theoretical reference framework. The sexual prevention of HIV\/aids for the non infected partner constitutes one of the largest challenges for the serodiscordant couples, because men and women accept condoms differently. The greater motivation towards condom use among serodiscordant couples does not eliminate the difficulties to use them for maintaining safe sex. The serodiscordant couples deserve specific assistance, and the preventive strategies should contemplate the cultural and psychosocial aspects that constitute important aspects of mixed-status partner vulnerability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":116067648,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2275860382","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-11692005000100006","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Fishery resource development in pond represent two separate issues. One related to bringing ponds into use and the other relate to raising the existing traditional fish farming practices to a semi-intensive level. We have analysed the pond ownership and pond use types as the two most important factors affecting the fishery use of pond. The latter part of the essay explain the role of different factors in raising the intensity of fish farming. The discussion evidently suggests that family income, level of education, type of ownership are important socioeconomic factors affecting utilization of ponds for fish farming. Other important factors are size of pond and stocking rate. Cultural factors and marketing facilities also affect fish farming in ponds.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":73551378,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2292551743","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) play an important role in the ocean observation and marine scientific research. The utilization of marine environmental energy is a desirable way to enhance the sailing range and endurance of AUVs. In this paper, a detailed model with four sub\u2010models is established to describe the ocean thermal energy utilization process in AUVs, where the factors of system pressure, material's thermal\u2010pressure\u2010physical properties and grid nodes are considered. Based on the model, performance of the utilization system under constant and variable temperature boundaries is analyzed. At last, an AUV driven by ocean thermal energy is deployed in South China Sea to test the utilization performance, and the model is validated by the practical trail data. It is proved that thermal\u2010driven AUV saves about 50% energy of buoyancy\u2010driven process in sea trail. The simulation results are in good agreement with the trial data and prove the correctness and effectiveness of the model. The utilization system shows a better performance in the temperature condition with a higher surface temperature and a greater gradient of thermocline. When reaching the designed depth, AUVs can obtain plenty of time for phase change. The conclusions drawn in the paper provide some guidance for development of the thermal\u2010driven AUV.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":213585927,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2999973131","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/er.5123","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/er.5123","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although bio-materials for controlled-release fertilizers (CRFs) have been developed rapidly because of their low-cost and green and sustainable properties, the release characteristics of these CRFs still face problems because the coating is often hydrophilic with many micro-holes. In this paper, a novel coating material was developed to coat fertilizers using bio-based polyurethane (BPU) derived from liquefied wheat straw (LWS). Organosilicon (OS) and nano-silica (NS) were also used to modify the BPU to increase the nanoscale surface roughness and reduce the surface energy, and thus to make it superhydrophobic. The nutrient release characteristics of the superhydrophobic BPU coated fertilizer (SBPCF) were greatly enhanced, compared with the unmodified BPU coated fertilizer (BPCF). This was because the nanoscale surface roughness of the SBPCF prevented water from contacting the coating material. In addition, the nanoparticles on the SBPCF surface also block the micro-holes on the coating and thus reduced the entrance of water. The results suggest that the new coating technology can create a superhydrophobic surface on CRFs and thus improve their controlled-release characteristics.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":102986516,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2749902470","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA06014A","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"From 1974 to 1984, 543 Mg ha(-1) of biosolids were applied to portions of a land-reclamation site in Fulton County, IL. Soil organic C increased to 5.1% then decreased significantly (p < 0.01) to 3.8% following cessation of biosolids applications (1985-1997). Metal concentrations in amended soils (1995-1997) were not significantly different (p > 0.05) (Ni and Zn) or were significantly lower (p < 0.05) (6.4% for Cd and 8.4% for Cu) than concentrations from 1985-1987. For the same biosolids-amended fields, metal concentrations in corn (Zea mays L.) either remained the same (p > 0.05, grain Cu and Zn) or decreased (p < 0.05, grain Cd and Ni, leaf Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn) for plants grown in 1995-1997 compared with plants grown immediately following termination of biosolids applications (1985-1987). Biosolids application increased (p < 0.05) Cd and Zn concentrations in grain compared with unamended fields (0.01 to 0.10 mg kg(-1) for Cd and 23 to 28 mg kg(-1) for Zn) but had no effect (p > 0.05) on grain Ni concentrations. Biosolids reduced (p < 0.05) Cu concentration in grain compared with grain from unamended fields (1.9 to 1.5 mg kg(-1)). Biosolids increased (p < 0.05) Cd, Ni, and Zn concentrations in leaves compared with unamended fields (0.3 to 5.6 mg kg(-1) for Cd, 0.2 to 0.5 mg kg(-1) for Ni, and 32 to 87 mg kg(-1) for Zn), but had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on leaf Cu concentrations. Based on results from this field study, USEPA's Part 503 risk model overpredicted transfer of these metals from biosolids-amended soil to corn.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":25706124,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1971113477","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2134\/JEQ2004.2078","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The large development in the consumption of rubber is observed in the recent years, which leads to an increase of the production of rubber related waste. Rubbers are not hazardous waste, but they constitute a hazard for both environment and health, in case of fire in storage sites. So, recycling appears as one of the best solutions for disposing of rubber waste.This paper presents an experimental investigation dealing with the valorisation of rubber waste, specifically rubber obtained from old shoes sole waste. The waste rubbers are used form (0\/5 mm) to mixes as addition at percentage (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%) in sand concrete. The physical (workability, bulk density), mechanical (compressive and flexural strength) and thermal properties are studied and analysed.The results indicate that the incorporation of rubber waste particles in sand concrete contributes to increase the workability and reduce the bulk density of all studied sand concrete. The obtained results show that mechanical performance (compressive and flexural strength) decreases when the rubber content increases. Nevertheless, the presence of rubber aggregate leads to a significant reduction in thermal conductivity, which improves the thermal insulation performances of sand concrete. This study insures that reusing of recycled rubber waste in sand concrete gives a positive approach to reduce the cost of materials and solve some environmental problems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":55413731,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2788717081","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5281\/ZENODO.1165202","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"CMOS equivalents of the synapse and the neuron are proposed for LSI implementation of an adaptive analog neural network. The synapse is a multiplying digital-to-analog converter based on an R-2R ladder and the neuron consists of the second-generation current conveyor. Prototype chips fabricated independently using 0.6 \/spl mu\/m CMOS process have confirmed the wideband signal processing capability owing to a fully current-mode approach. Detailed analyses of measured performances have also given the design criteria for fully parallel implementation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":62651405,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2120392517","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICAPP.1997.651528","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Desirable features of a tax on agricultural land are that it is not a disincentive to effort, it does not distort resource allocation, it does not increase food prices and evasion is not possible. A land tax on these grounds is superior to an income tax. The tax, however, must be acceptable to the community. The administration of a land tax is costly as all properties need to be appraised individually and regularly. The rise in expenses and function of government has made such a tax inadequate to finance national government expenditure and land taxes are usually used to finance local government expenditure. Currently agriculture is heavily subsidised in developed countries which means that tax money is rechannelled into agriculture, after a portion of it is wasted (lost) in the administration of tax and subsidy schemes. More attention needs to be given to eliminating subsidies that do not meet efficiency and equity goals rather than embarking on new forms of taxation. In this context a subsidy on labour qualifies, whereas a subsidy on the purchase of land is an economic waste, as the subsidy becomes capitalised in higher land values.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":62794301,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hydraulic fracturing is applied ubiquitously in unconventional hydrocarbon reservoir development to increase the well productivity. To design a frac job, an injection falloff diagnostic test, such as minifrac test, is conducted first to determine key formation properties and frac operational parameters, including fracture closure pressure. In low permeability formations, the conventional pressure falloff analysis (i.e. G-function) is not practical to identify the fracture closure since it requires several days of well shut-in to collect enough pressure falloff data to reveal the fracture closure. In SPE-187495-PA, the authors show that it is possible to develop an empirical equation to predict the fracture closure pressure (Pc) from instantaneous shut-in pressure (ISIP), the first falloff data point, by regressive analysis on datasets from minifrac tests for conventional formations, including G-function estimated Pc, ISIP, petrophysical and mechanical properties. Since petrophysical and mechanical properties could be estimated from cores and wireline logs, the application of this equation requires a minifrac test to have a very short falloff period only to estimate ISIP. The objective of this work is to extend that equation for unconventional formations by introducing appropriate deviation terms for tight-sand and shale formations, respectively, in order to reduce the discrepancy between predicted Pc and G-function estimated Pc.\n To this end, several datasets, each of which contain the same attributes, are collected from publications for shale and tight-sand formations. Part of datasets are selected for developing respective deviation terms, for shale and tight-sand, to be added to the empirical equation, while the remaining datasets are used to test the respective new equation. Then a regression analysis is performed between Pc differences and the individual petrophysical and mechanical properties for shale and tight-sand datasets separately. Eventually, two deviation terms have been derived and incorporated to the empirical equation, one for shale and another one for tight formations.\n The deviation term for tight-sand formations correlate strongly with the rock mechanical properties, while the other with the rock mechanical properties and the formation porosity. Several field cases have been used to validate the empirical equation with respective deviation terms and the results show that the new formulae predict the fracture closure pressure with a relative absolute error less than 5% compared to those estimated from the G-function analysis for both the shale and the tight formations cases which are not used in developing respective deviation terms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":203340844,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2970681993","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2118\/197108-ms","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present preliminary results from a two-pion intensity interferometry analysis from Au+Au collisions at \u221a s NN =200 GeV measured in the STAR detector at RHIC. The dependence of the apparent pion source on multiplicity and transverse momentum are discussed and compared with preliminary results from d+Au and p+p collisions at the same beam energy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":15743576,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A complete set of RNA-binding proteins was isolated from the ribosome-free extract of rabbit reticulocytes using the method of affinity chromatography on RNA covalently coupled with Sepharose. The purity of the isolated proteins was no less than 90%. These proteins comprised about 1% of the total protein of the extract and included the main polypeptide chains of three sizes, with molecular weights of about 95000, 49000 and 36000, as well as numerous minor components. An analogous set of proteins was observed as a result of chromatography of the extract on the column with poly(U) covalently coupled with Sepharose. The protein with the molecular weight of 49000 had the highest affinity to RNA.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":41180814,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Copyrightc 2016 The Korean Association of Internal Medicine This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/3.0\/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Correspondence to Hae-Rim Kim, M.D., Ph.D. Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05030, Korea Tel: +82-2-2030-7542, Fax: +82-2-2030-7748, E-mail: email@example.com \ud1b5\ud48d\uad00\uc808\uc5fc\uc758 \uc601\uc0c1\uc801 \uc9c4\ub2e8","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":78284523,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2516162370","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3904\/KJM.2016.91.1.32","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract There seems to exist a general consensus on how to conceptualize cooperation in the field of international relations (IR). We argue that this impression is deceptive. In practice, scholars working on the causes of international cooperation have come to implicitly employ various understandings of what cooperation is. Yet, an explicit debate about the discipline's conceptual foundations never materialized, and whatever discussion occurred did so only latently and without much dialog across theoretical traditions. In this paper, we develop an updated conceptual framework by exploring the nature of these differing understandings and situating them within broader theoretical conversations about the role of cooperation in IR. Drawing on an array of studies in IR and philosophy, our framework distinguishes between three distinct types of cooperative state interactions \u2013 cooperation through tacit policy coordination ('minimal' cooperation), cooperation through explicit policy coordination ('thin' cooperation), and cooperation based on joint action ('thick' cooperation). The framework contributes to better theorization about cooperation in two main ways: it allows scholars across theoretical traditions to identify important sources of disagreement and previously unnoticed theoretical common ground; and the conceptual disaggregation it provides grants scholars crucial theoretical leverage by enabling type-specific causal theorization.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":242949811,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S1752971921000208","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Physical rehabilitation is one of the cornerstones for the treatment of lesions of the nervous system. After peripheral nerve injuries, activity dependent therapies promote trophic support for the paralyzed muscles, enhance axonal growth and also modulate the maladaptive plastic changes induced by the injury at the spinal level. We have previously demonstrated that an intensive protocol of treadmill running (TR) in rats reduces synaptic stripping on axotomized motoneurons, preserves their perineuronal nets (PNN) and attenuates microglia reactivity. However, it is not clear through which mechanisms exercise is exerting these effects. Here we aimed to evaluate if activation of the locus coeruleus (LC), the noradrenergic center in the brain stem, plays a role in these effects. Since LC is strongly activated during stressful situations, as during intensive exercise, we selectively destroyed the LC by administering the neurotoxin DPS-4 before injuring the sciatic nerve of adult rats. Animals without LC had increased microglia reactivity around injured motoneurons. In these animals, an increasing intensity protocol of TR was not able to prevent synaptic stripping on axotomized motoneurons and the reduction in the thickness of their PNN. In contrast, TR was still able to attenuate microglia reactivity in DSP-4 treated animals, thus indicating that the noradrenergic projections are important for some but not all the effects that exercise induces on the spinal cord after peripheral nerve injury. Moreover, animals subjected to treadmill training showed delayed muscle reinnervation, more evident if treated with DSP-4. However, we did not find differences in treated animals regarding the H\/M amplitude ratio, which increased during the first stages of regeneration in all injured groups.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":67869372,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2916172560","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00065","PubMedCentral":"6399159","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fncel.2019.00065\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hydrophilic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) flat ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by wet-spinning method. The effects of technical parameters of maleic anhydride grafted onto PVDF on the performance of hydrophilic PVDF membranes were investigated, the preparation technical parameters were determined, and the hydrophilic PVDF flat membranes were prepared. Then, hydrophilic PVDF membranes were characterized in terms of pure water flux, contact angle, infrared spectroscopic analysis and scanning electron microscope(SEM). The results showed that maleic anhydride had been grafted onto PVDF, and the hydrophilic performance of the modified membrane was better than the traditional one.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":96588311,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2072612355","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.295-297.286","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Herein, a simple terahertz (THz) receiver that uses subwavelength focusing of the THz beam on the detector area is proposed. As a proof of concept, a THz detection system with an original optical coupling scheme is implemented, where the signal to be detected is coupled to a THz detector through a mesoscale dielectric particle lens. Coherent detection is successfully demonstrated with an enhancement of the detector sensitivity of about 4.3\u2009dB, compared with that of a direct detection system with the slight decreasing (\u22481.67 times) of noise equivalent power value. The results show that the proposed method can reduce the size and increase the sensitivity of various THz systems, including imaging, sensing, and ranging, which would enable significant progress in different fields such as physics, medicine, biology, astronomy, security, etc.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":214225328,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3006988557","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/pssr.201900700","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/riunet.upv.es\/bitstream\/10251\/176510\/4\/Improvement%20of%20a%20Terahertz%20Detector%20Performance%20Using%20the%20Terajet%20Effect%20in%20a%20Mesoscale%20Dielectric%20Cube%20Proof%20of%20Concept_autor.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Near-vent processes during caldera-forming explosive eruptions are poorly known, as are relations between proximal and counterpart distal ignimbrites. Consequently, understanding of the full course of these eruptions and how to analyse their deposits for purposes of hazard assessment has been limited. This study aims to address the limitations by using a lithofacies architecture approach to investigate a proximal succession that has a closely studied distal counterpart. The Poris Formation (273 ka) of Tenerife is well exposed in the Diego Hernandez wall of Las Canadas and detailed interpretations of its distal-flank ignimbrites have been published. In this study, Poris proximal lithofacies architecture is described, geochemical and stratigraphic analyses are used to correlate the proximal and distal successions, and a coherent model for the Poris eruption is presented. \n \nThe proximal Poris succession records an opening Plinian phase, followed by the generation of a pyroclastic density current (PDC) that was partly blocked by near-vent topography. The upper part of the current surmounted the barrier and deposited an ignimbrite veneer. During a widespread hiatus in flow, ash and various ash aggregates were deposited from a hybrid cloud that included parts of both the Plinian and co-ignimbrite plumes. Phreatomagmatic explosivity then generated an erosive PDC rich in fine lithics; initial waxing was followed by pulsatory current waning, recorded in repeated sets of inversely graded tuff. Hybrid deposition ensued, as coarse pumice fallout and ballistic material entered PDCs to become deposited as a stratified pumice-block tuff. A main phase of PDC activity then occurred, recorded by 9 m of massive lapilli tuff with evidence of widespread scour and bypass, and including lithic-rich layers that record incremental edifice disruption. Laterally variable stratification and load structures show that the PDC was highly non-uniform and unsteady at this time. Climactic caldera collapse is recorded proximally as a lithic-block layer in erosive contact with the underlying ignimbrite, which marks widespread bypass to distal slopes. A pumice-block breccia 10 m thick records the eruption waning. \n \nPublished accounts of the distal Poris stratigraphy are described and correlation with the proximal record is made based on physical characteristics and geochemical trends. The occurrence of distinctive grey accretionary pellets in an ash layer above the proximal phreatomagmatic unit and in the distal Magua Member (of Brown and Branney, 2004) is regarded as an 'entrachron', marking temporal correlatives. The influx of lithics that accompanied climactic collapse is recorded at the main lithic-block layer proximally and in distal lithic-breccia deposits; these constitute another entrachron. Geochemical analysis finds that two petrogenetically distinct magmas were continuously available throughout the Poris eruption: a high-Zr series and a low-Zr series. Both the proximal hybrid unit and a distal Plinian unit (the Caballos Member of Brown and Branney, 2004) have a relatively low Zr signature, linking the two and providing evidence of increased mingling between the magma series at this stage in the eruption. The low-Zr magma was tapped extensively following climactic collapse; the predominance of black and banded pumice blocks in the resultant deposits is a further correlative marker linking the proximal and distal records. \n \nThe Poris eruption involved 8 distinct phases: Plinian deposition, first PDC generation, phreatomagmatism, hybrid fall and flow, main stage PDC activity and ignimbrite deposition with scour and bypass, caldera collapse, waning PDC, and waning fallout. In contrast to the model founded on the distal succession, which invokes four PDCs, it is found that only two were generated during the Poris eruption: the first, relatively small, and the second, large and sustained. Distal flow hiatuses occurred during waning following the phreatomagmatic and hybrid phases, but flow continued in the proximal zone at these times. \n \nThis work is relevant to studies of ash aggregates, as it highlights differences between proximal and distal deposits and those at different levels in the stratigraphy, and it is relevant to studies of Plinian deposits. The evidence of widespread hybrid deposition emphasises that the use of isopach maps can only ever provide minimum estimates of Plinian deposition, with the possibility of misleading dispersal information, because the amount of Plinian fallout material deposited along with ignimbrite is impossible to quantify. The new information presented here concerning the frequency and behaviour of PDCs during the Poris eruption may have implications for the planning of risk mitigation during future explosive eruptions on Tenerife. The effect of topographic interaction is a particularly important consideration, as similar effects due to the Canadas landscape may be anticipated during future eruptions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":2,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":127450719,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"808770147","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"First, this article exhaustively but briefly reviews the variety of forensic sciences and the bases (sometimes little more than assumptions) on which they rest - drawing a major distinction between those that assert the ability to individualize crime scene evidence to its one and only source (and which, ironically, do so without applying any basic science) and those which do not assert individualization (and which generally are applications of basic sciences). Second, the article discusses the problem recognized by the Supreme Court of analytical gaps between available data and the opinions of some experts, and the widespread manifestation of such gaps in the identification\/individualization subfields of forensic science. Third, the article assumes that most judges most of the time will admit most such evidence regardless of the commands of the Daubert trilogy and the rules of evidence, and offers practical suggestions about what judges might do to improve their management of such testimony and to protect factfinders from the most misleading claims and unsupportable opinions, while still admitting the testimony into evidence.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":150769005,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"16100466","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Timetabling is a problem faced in all higher education insti tutions. The International Timetabling Competition (ITC) has published a dataset that can be us ed to test the quality of methods used to solve this problem. A number of meta-heuristic approaches have obta ined good results when tested on the ITC dataset, however few have used the ant colony optimization technique, particularly on the ITC 2007 curriculum based university course timetabling problem. This st udy describes an ant system that solves the curriculum based university course timetabling problem and th e quality of the algorithm is tested on the ITC 2007 dataset. The ant system was able to find feas ible solutions in all instances of the dataset and close to optimal solutions in some instances. The ant sy stem performs better than some published approaches, however results obtained are not as good as those obt ained by the best published approaches. This study may be used as a benchmark for ant based alg orithms that solve the curriculum based university course timetabling problem.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":114836110,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2473756293","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Postpartum women expect to have a good sleep quality with short sleep duration. Good quality sleep can reduce the risk of postpartum blues. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of progressive muscle relaxation exercise in improving sleep quality postpartum women. This research used Quasy- Experimental method with purposive sampling technique. Samples were taken from 12 villages in the district Kandat. There were 19 respondents in each treatment group and the control. Independent variable in this study was a progressive muscle relaxation exercise. The dependent variable was the quality of sleep in postpartum women. Data was collected by questionnaire PSQI. Analysis on the data in each group used the Wilcoxon test. Comparative analysis for the 2 groups used the Mann Whitney test. This study used a significance of \u03b1= 0.05. Wilcoxon test analysis results showed that there were changes in sleep quality in the treatment group (p = 0,003). Whereas the control group did not change (p = 0,157). Mann Whitney test results showed that compared with the control group, there was an increase in the quality of sleep in the treatment group (p = 0.000). The results of this study concluded that progressive muscle relaxation exercises can used as an effort to improve the quality of sleep for postpartum women. Progressive muscle relaxation is an alternative interventions to solve the issue of maternal postpartum sleep quality.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":79558597,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2732803754","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Assessments of environmental and territorial justice are similar in that both assess whether empirical relations between the spatial arrangement of undesirable hazards (or desirable public goods and services) and socio-demographic groups are consistent with notions of social justice, evaluating the spatial distribution of benefits and burdens (outcome equity) and the process that produces observed differences (process equity). Using proximity to major highways in NYC as a case study, we review methodological issues pertinent to both fields and discuss choice and computation of exposure measures, but focus primarily on measures of inequity. We present inequity measures computed from the empirically estimated joint distribution of exposure and demographics and compare them to traditional measures such as linear regression, logistic regression and Theil's entropy index. We find that measures computed from the full joint distribution provide more unified, transparent and intuitive operational definitions of inequity and show how the approach can be used to structure siting and decommissioning decisions. 2 http:\/\/biostats.bepress.com\/jhubiostat\/paper29","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-20":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":55157259,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Experience of long term radioactive contamination of the environment, especially in the territories the most affected by the Chernobyl accident, have shown that the omnipresence of radioactivity in the daily life was deeply altering the relationships of the individuals towards their environment, perceived as globally deteriorated, and to the others. Inhabitants of contaminated territories experience a general loss of control on their daily life and on the means to improve their protection and the one of their children. The need to develop comprehensive and inclusive approaches for the long term management and rehabilitation of potentially contaminated areas is now broadly recognised, notably in the post September 11th context. The experience of the ETHOS project in the republic of Belarus directly affected by the Chernobyl accident, illustrates a successful participatory approach involving the population and the local authorities and professionals in the day-to-day management of the radiological situation. This experience has shown that the direct involvement of the population in the management of the radiological situation was a necessary approach to complete the rehabilitation programme implemented by public authorities in contaminated territories, especially in the long term. This paper highlights, through the major outcomes of the ETHOS experience, some key features of the stakeholder involvement process and the role it can play in the management of long term contaminated sites and territories.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":38471250,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3141876471","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1051\/978-2-7598-0117-6.C020","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The rapid growth of the Internet in users and content has fueled extensive efforts to improve the user's overall Internet experience. A growing number of providers deliver content from multiple servers or proxies to reduce response time by moving content closer to end users. An increasingly popular mechanism to direct clients to the closest point of service is DNS-based redirection, due to its transparency and generality. This paper draws attention to two of the main issues in using DNS: (1) the negative effects of reducing or eliminating the cache lifetimes of DNS information, and (2) the implicit assumption that client nameservers are indicative of actual client location and performance. We quantify the impact of reducing DNS TTL values on Web access latency and show that it can increase name resolution latency by two orders of magnitude. Using HTTP and DNS server logs, as well as a large number of dial-up ISP clients, we measure client-nameserver proximity and show that a significant fraction are distant, more than 8 hops apart. Finally, we suggest protocol modifications to improve the accuracy of DNS-based redirection schemes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":1088209,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2170280226","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOM.2001.916678","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Scientific realists and antirealists believe that a successful scientific theory is true and merely empirically adequate, respectively. In contrast, epistemic reciprocalists believe that realists' positive theories are true, and that antirealists' positive theories are merely empirically adequate, treating their target agents as their target agents treat other epistemic agents. Antirealists cannot convince reciprocalists that their positive theories are true, no matter how confident they might be that they are true. In addition, reciprocalists criticize antirealists' positive theories exactly in the way that antirealists criticize their epistemic colleagues' theories. Reciprocalism is a better epistemic policy than realism and antirealism in the epistemic battleground in which we strive to be epistemically safe vis-a-vis our epistemic colleagues' theories and strive to convince our epistemic colleagues that our theories are true.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":151446832,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2585425190","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The blade's rotational sampling to the spatial distributed wind velocities will induce 3P oscillating aerodynamic torque during the wind energy generation process. This causes the turbine drive train bare high aerodynamic load because the generator is driven by this aerodynamic torque through it. Moreover, the system's inherent resonant mode will be also induced by the aerodynamic load, causing fatal damage to the whole system. To damp the serious aerodynamic load of the permanent-magnet-synchronous-generator-based direct-drive wind energy conversion system (WECS), a new power control strategy with damping injection is proposed in this paper. The proposed method is realized by adding a compensation torque, which is proportional to the small-signal value of the generator speed, into the system torque control loop. Both the aerodynamic load and the system's inherent resonant mode could be well damped if the proposed method were adopted. Theoretic analysis is verified by experimental results performed by a 10-kW WECS established in the laboratory.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":8907084,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2078342125","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2013.2284148","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Scientific interest in various sorts of research opportunities using the Internet is very widespread and is an important and pressing question now as the concept of communication between Internet users receives wider investigation than everyday contact between people. The Internet creates a new space for information interchange and cooperation between all of its users. This space offers two basic features; firstly, the opportunity to find necessary information and the secondly, the opportunity to unite people in groups with shared interests. Likewise such features are available not only to each individual person, but also to whole companies that use the Internet in their daily operations. Despite the small amount of scientific research about the Internet which has been carried out, attractive to psychological analysis is the connection between cyberspace problems and professional organizations and communities, representing themselves with the help of web-sites. One of the positive signs of the opportunity for social design in cyberspace is the active development of various network communities. Any organization creates a corporate image and has a style that it purposefully forms and renders emotional - psychological influence, in both the external and the internal organizational environment. Web pages of the organizations contain not only reports of information about goods and services, where the basic purpose is advertising activity, but also create their own individual style in cyberspace. The above testifies to the necessity of psychological research into the image of organizations utilising cyberspace as a special form of corporate promotion, allowing them to attract a broader audience of consumers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":249201169,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"When I was young, which was before the first world war, poetry was still the fashion. Even people not specially literary quoted \"ballad songs and snatches\", and lines from the more popular of the great poets, while seriously intellectual readers discussed Wordsworth, Browning and Dante. Nowadays, so far as I can gather, the vast majority of readers give little attention to poetry; many of them, indeed, positively dislike it and see no reason for its existence. Even if they have been through a course of literary history at a university, they find it hard to realise that, until well down in the Victorian era, literature, except in France, meant chiefly poetry, a fact evident enough in the corpus of criticism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":145580983,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2095572861","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1108\/eb012168","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In order to be able to carry out a construction project with the expected final result, professional risk management as well as a conscious risk sharing among the actors in the project are required. A question of a particular interest for the actors in Swedish construction industry is the way in which project risk management needs to be further developed, based more on openness, trust and collaboration rather than on sharp contract formulations. The objective of the study is to investigate the impact of the chosen form of contract and collaboration on risk management in construction projects. We analyse three major forms used in Sweden: performance-based contracts, design-build contracts and collaboration through partnering. A questionnaire survey and a series of interviews with clients, contractors and consultants involved in three construction projects were conducted. In the performance-based project no collaboration in risk management process existed between the actors. Both identified and unforeseen risks occurred in the project and had a large economic effect for the contractor. The design-build project showed very good project performance and successful collaboration in risk management. From the contractor's perspective, risk management is more effective in design-build projects as it gives the contractor the possibility to influence the project during the early phases. In contrast with first two projects, the partnering project showed that all actors had the same degree of influence on risk management. Despite the fact that the identified risks occurred during the project implementation, all actors acknowledged very good collaboration in risk management. Moreover, the partnering project was completed with a better economic result for both the client and the contractor. The results show a clear connection between the form of contract and collaboration and risk management in the chosen construction projects. Those forms that support early involvement of the actors and create opportunities for open dialogue and collaboration result in a more efficient risk management process.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":167622347,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2189619470","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) are the leading cause of disability and the fourth leading cause of death in the U.S. The WHO defines stroke as \"rapidly developing clinical signs of focal disturbance of cerebral function lasting more than 24 hours with no apparent cause other than of vascular origin.\" Strokes are subdivided into two major classifications: ischemic (80-87 percent) andhemorrhagic (13-20 percent). Ischemic strokes occur from thrombi, emboli, or global hypoperfusion. Hemorrhagic strokes are either parenchymal (10 percent of all strokes) or subarachnoid (3 percent of all strokes). There are a variety of recognized risk factors for stroke which include: age, race, family history, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, cardiac arrhythmias, prosthetic valves, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, and others (drugs or hormones). The initial assessment of a patient suspected of stroke should be done quickly enough to ensure maximal reperfusion of brain tissue. The steps to achieve this goal are: 1) exclude an intracranial hemorrhage, 2) assess for contraindications to thrombolytics, 3) characterize the infarct. The workup for a patient should first include a history (especially the time when neurologic symptoms began), a physical exam (including the NIHSS), and imaging studies (to rule out hemorrhagic components). In addition, several lab studies can also be obtained including: PT\/INR, glucose, complete blood count, metabolic panel, creatine kinase, ECG, echocardiogram, lipid panel, carotid Doppler, MRA or CTA. Acute management of a stroke is primarily focused on stabilizing the patient and allowing as much reperfusion as possible for at-risk brain tissue. Stroke management in the acute setting includes: use of thrombolytics if indicated, and re-assessment to monitor progression. Several trials have been completed in pursuit of safety and effectiveness of intra-arterial stroke therapy for patients outside the recommended thrombolytic time window, but so far they are only experimental treatment options. The best preventative measures for first time or recurrent stroke are: starting or switching antiplatelet therapy, treatment of cardiovascular risk factors (atrial fibrillation and carotid stenosis), optimization of hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus management, and smoking cessation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":29279024,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"143700641","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract It has been recently proved that the automorphism group of a minimal subshift with non-superlinear word complexity is virtually \n$\\mathbb {Z}$\n [Cyr and Kra. The automorphism group of a shift of linear growth: beyond transitivity. Forum Math. Sigma 3 (2015), e5; Donoso et al. On automorphism groups of low complexity subshifts. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys. 36(1) (2016), 64\u201395]. In this article we extend this result to a broader class proving that the automorphism group of a minimal \n$\\mathcal {S}$\n -adic subshift of finite alphabet rank is virtually \n$\\mathbb {Z}$\n . The proof is based on a fine combinatorial analysis of the asymptotic classes in this type of subshifts, which we prove are a finite number.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":221112621,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3175286086","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/etds.2021.64","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2008.05996"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Using the magic of movement, dance, and drama, and the devices of humor and metaphor, Osonye Tess Onwueme has created a post-feminist epic drama that transcends current feminist theories. An ideologically and politically powerful work, Tell It to Women offers a critical discourse on the western feminist movement from an African traditional perspective, focusing attention on the often silenced issues of intra-gender politics and class inequities.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":154483993,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2171652177","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/40149282","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The behavior to maintenance of reproductive organs, and self-adjustment on changes during puberty become its own problems on early adolescence (10-14 years old). True knowledge can improve reproductive health and prevent of free sex behavior end up with unsafe abortion even death in adolescence. School has a major role in shaping positive attitudes in children towards reproductive health at puberty. It is important to find and develop a program of reproductive health school-based in the form of \"extracurricular\" health reproductive in early adolescence (10-14 years old) not existed in Indonesia up to now. To find and design a model school-based health promotion programs in the form of \"extracurricular\" reproductive health that can be applied to the early adolescence in school. Qualitative research with a phenomenology approach, to explore models of reproductive health promotion programs in the early adolescence. The mining data was qualitative of focus group discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview. Participants in this research were 36 people of purposive sampling technique into account maximum variation sampling, and data analyze used the thematic analysis. The study results found a reproductive health promotion model school-base with extracurricular approach of reproductive health. The program is carried out outside school hours learning activities on reproductive health , with a study of the self-development, social, physical, sexual violence and the prevention of sexually transmitted infections. Program applied by using approach method and innovative media balance to age of adolescent's development and involve health workers, teachers and parents.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":59583226,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2805054991","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.11591\/IJPHS.V7I2.11584","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Five of the largest remaining patches of livestock-inaccessible rock vegetation of Cura,ao, Netherlands Antilles, were described and compared to rock vegetation which has experienced centuries of livestock grazing. Study rocks (maximum diameters: 20-47 m) were located at two sites differing in rock type and altitude. At the St. Christoffelberg site, study rocks were siliceous and at altitudes of 240-310 m while at the Tafelberg site the rocks were of limestone and at altitudes of 3 5-150 m. The main vascular species on livestock-inaccessible rocks at both sites was Tillandsia flexuosa, a bromeliad. At the St. Christoffelberg, Tillandsia was principally accompanied by the grass Paspalum secans, the orchid Brassavola nodosa and the herb Portulaca venezuelensis, while at the Tafelberg it was principally accompanied by the vine Serjania cura.savica. On livestock-accessible rocks Tillandsia ground cover was reduced to insignificant levels and mature plants were virtually eliminated from the population. Grazed vegetations also showed reduced vascular cover and were principally dominated by the annual grass Aristida adscencionis (St. Christoffelberg site only), the prickly pear Opuntia wentiana and the shrubby tree Acacia tortuosa. None of these weedy species, all of which are widely distributed on the island, were of any significance in ungrazed rock vegetations. It is hypothesized that Tillandsia-dominated ground cover may have been a common feature of the rock vegetation of the island prior to the introduction of livestock.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":132497944,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2497640766","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The interlink between information and belief formation and \nrevision is a fundamental aspect of social dynamics. The growth of knowledge \nfostered by a hyper-connected world together with the unprecedented \nacceleration of scientific progress has exposed individuals, governments \nand countries to an increasing level of complexity to explain \nreality and its phenomena. Despite the enthusiastic rhetoric about the so \ncalled collective intelligence, conspiracy theories and other unsubstantiated \nclaims find on the Web a natural medium for their diffusion. Cases \nin which these kinds of false information are used in political debates \nare far from unimaginable. In this work, we study the behavior of users \nsupporting different (and opposite) worldviews \u2013 i.e. scientific and conspiracist \nthinking \u2013 that commented the posts of the Facebook page \nof a large italian political party that advocates direct democracy and \ne-Participation. We find that users supporting different narratives consume \npolitical information in a similar way. Moreover, by analyzing the \ncomposition of users active on the page in terms of commenting activity, \nwe notice that almost one fifth of them is represented by polarized consumers \nof conspiracy stories, and those are able to generate almost one \nthird of total comments to the posts of the page","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":148270981,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2494508230","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The current study investigates whether there are there ethnic differences between Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic women in (a) weight bias, (b) body ideals, (c) social awareness and internalization of appearance standards and (d) physical activity in relation to these constructs. Participants included 130 Caucasian, 103 African American, and 52 Hispanic undergraduate female students. Participants completed a demographic survey, the Antifat Attitudes Test, the Figure Rating Scale, the Sociocultural Attitudes toward Appearance Questionnaire, and the Multiethnic Identity Measure questionnaire. No significant ethnic group differences in weight bias emerged. Differences were found for participants' perceptions of the culturally ideal female body shape, as well as awareness and internalization. No relationship was found between physical activity and weight bias, body ideals, and appearance standards. Future researchers should use health weight classifications, in addition to ethnicity, to examine weight bias, body ideals, and physical activity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":142980786,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1542362643","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study aims at exposing the phenomenological description of attention as presented by Husserl in his 1904-05 Gottingen-lecture Principal Parts of the Phenomenology and Theory of Knowledge, in its relevance for the study of so-called \"intuitive re-presentations\", that is, phantasy and image-consciousness. Starting with the exposition of the fundamental traits of the intentional theory of attention, this study discusses the definition of attention in the terms of meaning [Meinen] and interest, which allows it to become an encompassing modification of all kinds of lived experiences that does not imply an alteration of their act-character (Husserl, 2004: 73). We refer to this character of attention as \"plasticity\". In what follows, the study underlines these two definitions of attention and their importance for the understanding of phantasy and image-consciousness. Both kinds of re-presentations will be described stressing the role of attention in the \"structuring\" of the intentional act and in its affective basis. Finally, the study deals more specifically with the complex description of image consciousness from the viewpoint of the attentional meaning of the image subject.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":210540444,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2983732536","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper introduces a new non-stationary random vibration technique for the analysis of time-dependent random vibration systems. It is based on the pseudo-excitation method (PEM) and precise integration method (PIM), which is extended herein and can improve significantly the analysis efficiency. Based on the random vibration equations with the right-hand side random replaced by a pseudo excitation, the first and second orders of sensitivity formulae are calculated conveniently by differentiating these equations. By use of sensitivity information, the optimization of complicated random vibration can be performed easily. Some numerical examples of vehicle-bridge time-dependent coupled system show the effectiveness and accuracy of present method.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":108514830,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1989032041","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.130-134.1348","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction :\u00a0 A conflict has generally been defined as a situation in which two or more parties strive to acquire the same scarce resources at the same time. Scholars generally agree that there needs to be more than one part to have a conflict, and that the time factor is important. What does cause concern is the term scarce resource. Objective of the Study :\u00a0 To examine the effect of strategies adopted for managing interpersonal conflict on organizational performance, to examine the perceptions of the employees in the organization under study and to offer suggestions to minimize the inter-personal conflicts and to improve conducive environment for organizational success Method of the Study :\u00a0 The study employed both descriptive survey design and explanatory research design. It targeted a population of 650 employees of purposively selected units under study. A sample size comprising 450 employees from M\/s Karvy Computershare and 200 from M\/s Anand Rathi were selected using stratified random sampling techniques. Results of the Study :\u00a0 Conflict escalation has according to this study it's foundation in emotional involvement. A person focused conflict has a higher risk of escalation and to evolve towards becoming dysfunctional. Through this study it has been revealed that conflict management can be divided into two areas, prevention of conflicts and management of functional conflicts. Feedback can be counted as preventive tools to help develop employee's behaviour and to ensure that the opinions and feelings are passed on through controlled communication channels.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":148877612,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2625612332","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21013\/JMSS.V7.N2.P23","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: To investigate the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), coronary calcification and arterial stiffness in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Design and method: We conducted a cross-sectional study in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Subjects with type-2 diabetes, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL\/min\/1.73 m2 and urine albumin-creatinine (UAC) ratio > 30 mg\/g were recruited from the outpatient clinics in renal medicine or diabetes or from the local general primary care. Eligible patients were tested for OSA with ApneaLink\u00e2 and quantified by apnea-hypopnea index (AHI, events\/h). Absence of OSA was defined as AHI < 5, mild OSA as 5\u201314, moderate as 15\u201329 and severe as > = 30. Subjects with an AHI < 5 or > = 15 had a coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) with subsequent blinded Agatston-scoring (AS) to quantify coronary calcification. Aortic stiffness was determined as carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) using Sphygmocor\u00e2. Results: A total of 121 patients were examined by ApneaLink\u00e2 with 114 having complete data. 43 (38%) did not have OSA, 33 (29%) had mild OSA and 38 (33%) had moderate-severe OSA. A total of 74 patients (92%) underwent CTA and 70 cf-PWV measurements. Mean age was 71 years (73% males), mean eGFR 32 mL\/min and mean UAC-ratio 533 mg\/g. BMI and UAC-ratio were higher in the OSA-group than the non-OSA group, while age, smoking habits, eGFR, diabetes duration, Hb1Ac, blood pressure, lipid levels, and medication were comparable between the two groups. Logarithmic transformed Ln(e) AS was significantly higher in patients with moderate-severe OSA compared to non-OSA (6.59 \u00b1 1.71 vs. 5.56 \u00b1 2.41, p = 0.04) and the same was observed for cf-PWV (11.9 \u00b1 2.7 vs. 10.5 \u00b1 2.2, p = 0.03) (Figure 1). A secondary analysis suggested AS to be especially elevated in those with severe OSA (mean AS 2350, n = 16) as compared to moderate OSA (AS 1031, n = 19) and non-OSA (AS 1011, n = 39). Conclusions: OSA is common in patients with diabetic nephropathy and associated with increased coronary calcification and aortic stiffness. These vascular abnormalities are seen despite optimized blood pressure-, lipid- and glycemic control. Our data indicate that screening for OSA adds important cardiovascular risk information in patients with diabetic nephropathy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":249629719,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/01.hjh.0000836772.21715.2b","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.hjh.0000836772.21715.2b","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Introduction: People with intellectual disabilities and co-occurring psychopathology have a relatively high likelihood to engage in aggressive behavior. Nevertheless, structured clinical assessment of aggressive behavior, including when and where it occurs, is scarce in this population. Methods: On three wards specializing in the care for people with mild to borderline intellectual disability and co-occurring psychopathology, staff members completed the Staff Observation Aggression Scale\u2013Revised adapted for people with intellectual disabilities (SOAS-R-ID) during a nine-month period, every time they witnessed aggressive behavior. Results: Based on 236 SOAS-R-ID forms, it was found that aggressive incidents were most common on Thursdays, and on two specific moments of the day (between 9\u201311 a.m. and 7\u20139 p.m.). The aggressive behavior was often exclusively of a verbal nature and was usually targeted against staff members (77.1% of the incidents). The Interclass (Pearson) Correlation Coefficient agreement between observers on the total score of the SOAS-R-ID was 0.72. Correlation between the judgment of the severity of aggressive behavior made by the staff members and the SOAS-R-ID severity scores was moderate (r = .40), but significant. Conclusions: Because aggressive behavior appeared to result often from interactions between the client and staff member or other clients, these interactions might be an important starting point for interventions. Structured clinical assessment of aggressive behavior can help to devise and test the effects of interventions. The SOAS-R-ID seems to be a clinically useful instrument and could therefore help to reduce the frequency of these incidents in the future.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":149019326,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2774827860","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/19315864.2017.1408726","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/19315864.2017.1408726?needAccess=true","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article examines Hebrew translations of World War II\u2013era psychology handbooks as means of transmission for scientific knowledge and as a mechanism for the cross-cultural spread of behavioral modernity. While drawing a broad, vivid picture of transnational military mobilities postwar, the article centers on the story of one such handbook: John Dollard's Fear in Battle, a 1943 self-help guide on combat behavior. Produced in the context of efforts to manage the morale of American troops, Fear in Battle then traveled overseas along with volunteers, mercenaries, and special advisors from the former Allied powers, and played a role in decolonization and nation-building in the Middle East. The article reconstructs each phase of the text's geopolitical and institutional itinerary: the experimental work on aversive conditioning that led to its writing and the larger neobehaviorist agenda it formed a part of; its function within the United States Army and subsequent transit to Palestine; and its translation into two new versions that circulated among Jewish militia members during the 1948 Palestine War. Analyzing in detail changes in language, style and format, the article thus aims to unpack the process by which behavioral science had been vernacularized and its mode of explanation went global.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":212955954,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2994324791","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1525\/hsns.2019.49.5.471","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Monoclonal antibody (A9-84) against a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (PLC\/PRF-5) was produced by somatic cell fusion. The hybridoma clones were screened by a rapid solid-phase enzyme-linked binding assay. The target cells were cultured in 96-well Linbro plate and fixed by methanol for screening. The specificity of the antibody was studied by enzyme-linked binding assay and immunofluorescence methods. It shows that A9-84 do not respond to 8 different human cancer cell lines (4 liver cancer, 1 esophageal cancer, 1 stomach cancer, 1 multiple myeloma and 1 lymphoblast cell line) and the peripheral mononuclear cells of 91 normal subjects. A9-84 is the subtype of IgG3. It is capable of inhibiting the growth of cultured PLC\/PRF\/5 cells with or without complement.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":2629476,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents a computational methodology based on Genetic Algorithms with Genotype Editing (GAE) for investigating the role of RNA editing in dynamic environments. This model is based on genotype editing characteristics that are gleaned from RNA editing processes as observed in several organisms. We have previously expanded the traditional Genetic Algorithm (GA) with artificial editing mechanisms (Rocha, 1995, 1997), and studied the benefits of including straightforward Genotype Editing in GA for several machine learning problems (Huang and Rocha, 2003, 2004). Here we show that genotype editing also provides a means for artificial agents with genotype\/phenotype mappings descriptions to gain greater phenotypic plasticity. We simulate agents endowed with the ability to alter the edition of their genotype according to environmental context. This ability grants agents an adaptive advantage as genotype expression can become contextually regulated. The study of this genotype edition model in changing environments has shed some light into the evolutionary implications of RNA editing. We expect that our methodology will both facilitate determining the evolutionary role of RNA editing in biology, and advance the current state of research in Evolutionary Computation and Artificial Life.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":15738897,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"189558467","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/1429.003.0083","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7551\/mitpress\/1429.003.0083","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A novel approach to predict anisotropic shrinkage of semicrystalline polymers in injection moldings was proposed using flow-induced crystallization, frozen-in molecular orientation, elastic recovery, and PVT equation of state. The anisotropic thermal expansion and compressibility affected by the frozen-in orientation function and the elastic recovery that was not frozen during moldings were introduced to obtain the in-plane anisotropic shrinkages. The frozen-in orientation function was calculated from amorphous and crystalline contributions. The amorphous contribution was based on the frozen-in and intrinsic amorphous birefringence, whereas the crystalline contribution was based on the crystalline orientation function, which was determined from the elastic recovery and intrinsic crystalline birefringence. To model the elastic recovery and frozen-in stresses related to birefringence during molding process, a nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive equation was used with temperature- and crystallinity-dependent viscosity and relaxation time. Occurrence of the flow-induced crystallization was introduced through the elevation of melting temperature affected by entropy production during flow of the viscoelastic melt. Kinetics of the crystallization was modeled using Nakamura and Hoffman-Lauritzen equations with the rate constant affected by the elevated melting temperature. Numerous injection molding runs on polypropylene of various molecular weights were carried out by varying the packing time, flow rate, melt temperature, and mold temperature. The anisotropic shrinkage of the moldings was measured. Comparison of the experimental and simulated results indicated a good predictive capability of the proposed approach. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 46:712\u2013728, 2006. \u00a9 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":135973329,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2072454610","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/PEN.20546","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The objective of this research is to study the performance of a dual-planar silicon\/Anger camera based Compton imaging system for imaging higher energy photons emitted from 131-I using, and compare it with a conventional collimated Anger camera. The Compton imaging system is a potentially effective medical imaging device for monitoring radionuclide cancer treatments that can obtain greatly improved performance in both detection efficiency and spatial resolution for higher energy photons (e.g., 364keV) over conventionally collimated Anger cameras. The Compton imaging system decouples the tradeoff between spatial resolution and detection efficiency inherent to absorbing collimation. System performance is primarily determined by Doppler broadening, energy resolution and spatial resolution of the scattering and absorbed detectors (in addition to the Compton image formation process). In the study, the effective system model of the Compton imaging system was developed considering all factors involved in the Compton process including above three primary uncertainties. Based on the system model, the system performance and comparison were analyzed using the modified uniform Cramer-Rao bound we developed and verified along with the Monte Carlo calculation. From the illustrated bound curves that compare the effect of silicon detector energy resolution and system spatial resolution by simulating a 2D disk having uniform activity, the limiting factor is Doppler broadening for Compton camera performance at 364 keV. Our predictions show that performance of the proposed Compton imaging system is superior to the collimated Anger camera especially as the desired image resolution is better than the \"natural\" resolution of the conventional collimator.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":32234626,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2149812395","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/NSSMIC.2008.4774084","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KAtp) are present in the plasma membrane of a number of tissues but are also present on endomembranes such as the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. They are involved in a number of physiological and pathophysiological processes and form a link between cellular metabolism and membrane excitability. Ischaemic preconditioning describes the phenomenon in which a short period of ischaemia protects against a more prolonged one. The ability of potassium channel openers such as pinacidil and nicorandil can mimic this phenomenon, with inhibitors such as glibenclamide to abolish this response, led to the suggestion that the final effector in this process was the sarcolemmal Katp channel as it was able to shorten the cardiac action potential reducing the energy requirements of the cell. However, a number of pharmacological observations were not compatible with this hypothesis as diazoxide, which does not activate the sarcolemmal channel, was able to mimic preconditioning. The focus of research then turned to the potential involvement of a KAtp channel present in the mitochondrial inner membrane called the mitoKArp channel. The molecular identification of this channel would be important and there is controversial evidence to suggest that Kiro.l may be a major component of the mitoKATP channel. I examined the hypothesis that the localisation of Kir6.1 is functionally significant in cardiac and skeletal muscle because it generates important K+ flux in intracellular membranes such as the ER and perhaps mitochondria. Co-localisation studies showed that transfected Kiro.l was located in the ER with a small but significant proportion in mitochondria. However, Kir6.1 was ER retained and not trafficked to the plasma membrane when co-expressed with its regulatory subunit, the sulphonylurea receptor SUR1. Immunofluorescent staining also detected the presence of endogenous Kir6.1 in these cell lines using antibodies specific to Kir6.1. The distribution of Kir6.1 suggests that it may play a role in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, calcium (Ca) handling in the ER and perhaps cellular respiration in mitochondria. ROS production is often associated with KAtp channel opening and protection against cell death at reperfusion. My results showed that diazoxide induced ROS production in C2C12, HepG2 and HEK293 cell lines with glibenclamide abolishing this effect. However, in the absence of Kir6.1, the same response was still observed. This suggests that Kir6.1 is not involved in the mechanism that is responsible for ROS production. The functional role of KAtp channels were also examined in mitochondria by measuring flavoprotein and NADH autofluorescence, an index of mitochondrial redox state and mitochondrial membrane potential (Au\/m) in C2C12 cells and rat ventricular myocytes. In myocytes, flavoprotein oxidation increased when cells were treated with 3-nitroproprionic acid (3-NPA) and diazoxide. Glibenclamide did not reverse this effect. However, this phenomenon was absent in C2C12 cells. Given these observations, 3-NPA and diazoxide did not affect the Avj\/m in C2C12 cells whereas glibenclamide caused mitochondrial depolarisation. The Aij\/m could not be measured in myocytes. A large proportion of Kir6.1 resides in the ER and I examined whether Kir6.1 would alter ATP-induced Ca2+ transients. Upon ATP stimulation, C2C12 cells released Ca2+ from internal stores via the P2Y purinergic signalling pathway. The use of dominant negatives (DN) for Kir6.1 showed that ATP-induced Ca2+ transients were affected by the absence of Kir6.1. However, on closer inspection it was revealed that the presence of eGFP to identify transfected cells seriously perturbed the Fura-2 signal. In conclusion, the KAtp sensitive channel subunit Kir6.1 is predominantly distributed in the ER with a small but significant proportion in mitochondria. I also report that pharmacological compounds such as diazoxide and glibenclamide are not always truly 'selective' for the activation and inhibition of KAtp channels. I have not identified a specific role for Kir6.1 but my data suggests that Kir6.1 is not part of the mitoKATp channel and Kir6.1 is not involved in ROS production and mitochondrial function but it may still have a role in Ca2+ handling.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":82547000,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"374912934","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Natural cement, also called \"Roman cement\", was invented at the end of the 18th Century and played an important role in the development of civil engineering works until the 1860s. More surprisingly, it was also used to restore historic buildings, such as gothic cathedrals. This paper deals with the mineralogy and the durability of natural cement, in the particular case of the Bourges Cathedral in France. This study illustrates the interest of this material particularly adapted in stone repair or substitution. Contrary to traditional mortars, the present samples are made of neat cement paste, revealed by the absence of mineral additions as quartz or carbonate sand. Several combined techniques (SEM-EDS, TGA, XRD) were carried out to determine the composition of the hydraulic binder rich in calcium aluminate hydrates. The raw marl at the origin of the cement production contains oxidized pyrites which consist in a potential source of sulphate pollution of the surrounding limestone. The exposition of the cement in urban environment leads to some weathering features as atmospheric sulphation. Finally a petrophysical approach, based on water porosity, capillary sorption and compressive strength, has been performed to demonstrate the durability and the compatibility of roman cement applied as a restoration mortar of historical building.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":191545712,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2762538783","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.14568\/cp7_2","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14568\/cp7_2","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Blockchain technology, currently the underlying architecture of most cryptocurrencies, allows the automatic processing of online operations in a decentralized non-mediated manner via smart contracts. On the grand scale, smart contracts can easily and phenomenally improve the current efficiency of online relationships in terms of speed, security, and cost, while also reducing complexity. However, adopting blockchain technology and smart contracts is currently a challenging task due to several integral problems, namely comprehensibility, resource allocation, and smart contract development, among others. The solution proposed herein is the Fabric Token ecosystem, which will allow users and businesses to easily adopt blockchain technology and smart contracts and will consist of four main components. The first component we propose is the Fabric Token itself, which will be used as a functional utility to pay for products and services within the ecosystem. The second is TokenGen, a user-friendly platform used to generate smart contracts for the token economy. The third is Fabric Flow \u2013 an all-in-one solution for businesses looking to integrate blockchain technology and smart contracts into their business process management. The last component will be the Fabric Store, a decentralized marketplace for smart contract components, which will allow third-party developers to further expand the functionality scope of the Fabric Token ecosystem. We see Fabric Token and its associated technologies as a fundamental part of the future mainstream adoption of blockchain and smart contracts, ultimately allowing people of any means and any background to play their part in building a decentralized world.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":204875623,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The dissertation presents a detailed investigation of Sophocles' Oedipus and Shakespeare's Hamlet in the context of Freud's comparison of the plays, sketched out in a number of his early writings (most notably The Interpretation of Dreams) but never pursued at length either by him or by any later critics. The interest of the current investigation is not inspired simply by the absence of such a detailed comparison, on the one hand, and by its constant implication in the modem analysis of the plays in question, on the other. The particular inspiration for the current project is the work of Jean Laplanche that in the last forty years has been dedicated to a fundamental reconceptualisation of Freud's theory of the human subject by way of return to the questions of the seduction and otherness. Equally inspiring for the current project have been the recent developments in the non-psychoanalytic analyses of tragedy (ancient Greek, Elizabethan, and as genre as such) that consistently aspire to cross the boundaries of the traditional textual-historicist approach to the literary text in order to accommodate the particularly heterogeneous nature of their object of study. \nThus, the current project provides a comprehensive analysis of Sophocles' Oedipus and Shakespeare's Hamlet, successively, at the intersection of psychoanalytic and other (philological and philosophical) approaches to tragedy, paying attention not only to the texts of the tragedies themselves but to the narrative-mythological, dramatic, and, in the case of Sophocles, translational tradition to which they pertain. The relevance of Freudian categories to the texts and genre in question is thus thoroughly examined. As a result, the conclusion is reached that it is specifically through Laplanchean reconceptualisation of Freud's notion of seduction (and the related notions of the enigmatic message, the other, translation and transference) that a psychoanalytic approach becomes more amenable to the needs of literary analysis. The application of Laplanchean categories to the analysis of these tragedies helps to elucidate the role of the father with new precision (in comparison with the previous mother-centred approaches to these tragedies). In its main body, the dissertation consists of a general Introduction, analytical sections on Sophocles' Oedipus and Shakespeare's Hamlet, Conclusion, and the list of the consulted works.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":190137465,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1488631156","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study is envisaged for modification of sugar industry waste bagasse fly ash (BFA) into a beneficial sorbent zeolite (ZFA) having improved morphology for the effective removal of basic dye methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution. BFA was efficiently transformed to ZFA by alkaline hydrothermal treatment. Both the virgin and treated BFA were characterized using various techniques to obtain its physical and chemical constituents. The major change in the morphology of BFA and ZFA was examined by X\u2010ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Modified adsorbent ZFA showed surface with deeper pore, indicating vanishing crystalline glass phase of BFA. The equilibrium and kinetic studies are carried out with the synthetic solutions of MB. It was found that the solute removal is favored at a lower solute concentration, increased agitation time, increased dose of adsorbent, and higher temperature. The adsorption capacities of BFA and ZFA were found to be 71% and 45%, respectively, for removal of MB at optimized conditions. Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin\u2010Radushkevich isotherm models were adopted to describe the adsorption isotherms. Adsorption isotherms of MB dye could be best modeled by Dubinin\u2010Radushkevich isotherm for ZFA and Langmuir isotherm for BFA. The results clearly showed that the removal capacity of ZFA was seen to be higher than that of BFA. \u00a9 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":97730457,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2127603821","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/ep.10505","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) asserts that, at all times, the price of a security reflects all available information about its fundamental value. The implication of the EMH for investors is that, to the extent that speculative trading is costly, speculation must be a loser's game. Hence, under the EMH, a passive strategy is bound eventually to beat a strategy that uses active management, where active management is characterized as trading that seeks to exploit mispriced assets relative to a risk-adjusted benchmark. The EMH has been refined over the past several decades to reflect the realism of the marketplace, including costly information, transactions costs, financing, agency costs, and other real-world frictions. The most recent expressions of the EMH thus allow a role for arbitrageurs in the market who may profit from their comparative advantages. These advantages may include specialized knowledge, lower trading costs, low management fees or agency costs, and a financing structure that allows the arbitrageur to undertake trades with long verification periods. The actions of these arbitrageurs cause liquid securities markets to be generally fairly efficient with respect to information, despite some notable anomalies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":155069727,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2185518470","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1561\/0500000034","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.nowpublishers.com\/article\/DownloadSummary\/FIN-034","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We set out to investigate IMRT-based concomitant boost. Eight patients with stage III\/IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck treated with once daily with chemoradiotherapy at the Dana-Farber\/Brigham and Women's Hospital had their treatment plans reviewed with IRB approval. Each case was replanned for treatment with a a concomitant boost regimen. Plans delivered 1.9 Gy in 30 fractions to 57 Gy with a boost of 1.5 Gy in 10 fractions for a total dose of 72 Gy. The boost was planned with both IMRT and 3-D conformal, to compare the two techniques. For each patient, both plans (IMRT-IMRT and IMRT-3DCRT) were evaluated for target and avoidance coverage, monitor units and integral dose. Finally, we evaluated the plans for time to completion. The IMRT-IMRT and IMRT-3-DCRT techniques were equivalent for target coverage. 100% coverage of the GTV and PTV was achieved with 97% of the prescription dose. Hot spots were seen 104% to 108% with IMRT-IMRT plan and from 102\u2013111% with the IMRT-3DCRT plans. The IMRT-IMRT boost had double the monitor units as the 3-DCRT boosts. When the total monitor units from both the initial and boost portions of the plans were e combined there was not a significant differnce. There was a slight increase in integral dose with the IMRT-IMRT plans of mean 3.8%. Planning time was increased for the 3-DCRT boost as opposed to the IMRT boost (mean 3.5 hours vs. 1.5 hours). More time was needed for quality assurance of the IMRT-IMRT plans (3.0 hours vs. 1.5 hours for IMRT-3-DCRT). We found that both IMRT-based concomitant-boost strategies are achievable and produce good dosimetric results.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":24505437,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2015093697","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/153303460800700607","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We have performed transverse field muon spin rotation measurements of single crystals of Ba(Fe$_{0.93}$Co$_{0.07})_2$As$_2$ with the applied magnetic field along the $\\hat{c}$ direction. Fourier transforms of the measured spectra reveal an anisotropic lineshape characteristic of an Abrikosov vortex lattice. We have fit the $\\mu$SRSR spectra to a microscopic model in terms of the penetration depth $\\lambda$ and the Ginzburg-Landau parameter $\\kappa$. \nWe find that as a function of temperature, the penetration depth varies more rapidly than in standard weak coupled BCS theory. For this reason we first fit the temperature dependence to a power law where the power varies from 1.6 to 2.2 as the field changes from 200G to 1000G. Due to the surprisingly strong field dependence of the power and the superfluid density we proceeded to fit the temperature dependence to a two gap model, where the size of the two gaps is field independent. From this model, we obtained gaps of $2\\Delta_1=3.7k_BT_c$ and $2\\Delta_2=1.6k_BT_c$, corresponding to roughly 6 meV and 3 meV respectively.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":118343365,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2072164513","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.80.094501","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"0905.3215"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nGliosis refers to a range of glial cell transformations that vary according to specific brain pathologic states. Disease, however, is not a prerequisite for gliosis because glial reactivity may also be seen in regions of increased physiologic activity. Our study tests the hypothesis that high-field-strength magnetization transfer MRI is a sensitive technique for detecting transient glial reactivity after experimental spreading depression, a relatively benign perturbation unaccompanied by cell injury.\n\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS\nUnilateral neocortical spreading depression was elicited in mouse cerebral hemispheres and confirmed by transcranial blood flow and extracellular potential measurements. After 3 days, mice were imaged at 4 T using magnetization transfer techniques. Astroglial reactivity was determined immunohistochemically, and protein expression in control and experimental hemispheres was compared using proteomic techniques.\n\n\nRESULTS\nSixteen ([mean +\/- SD] +\/- 3) spreading depressions (n = 10) were recorded in experimental hemispheres. Spreading depression was never observed in control hemispheres. At 3 days, an 8% decrease (p < 0.05, n = 4) in magnetization transfer signal intensity was measured in experimental hemispheres, which was associated with a 37% increase (p < 0.001, n = 4) in the intensity of glial fibrillary acidic protein staining. Proteomic analysis performed 3 days after the induction of spreading depression showed upregulation of at least 56 proteins, including extracellular and intracellular elements.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nMagnetization transfer at 4.0-T MRI is a sensitive method for detecting glial reactivity and changes in protein expression not associated with cell injury. These results suggest magnetization transfer MRI techniques may have potential for detecting glial reactivity in physiologic processes such as learning and in early disease states.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":40306736,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2088645429","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.183.6.01831791","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The relationship between the objective assessment of sensory attributes or fruit characteristics of pear (Pyrus communis L.) fruit and the corresponding consumer or sensory panel rating was studied. Optimum fruit diameter was between 6 and 7.5 cm. Some fruit were judged to be too large. Fruit with a bright yellow skin were rated ideal, whereas green or red skin was rated less favorably. A pyriform shape with a length : diameter ratio range of 1.44 to 1.48 was optimum. Round fruit or very elongated fruit were considered undesirable. Perceived firmness increased linearly as the measured firmness increased, with the optimum firmness at 27 to 30 N (using an 11.1-mm penetrometer tip). Perceived juiciness was negatively, linearly related to measured firmness. Ideal firmness for an ideal juiciness rating was 18 to 22 N. Acceptable soluble solids concentrations (SSC) varied with the study year, but ranged between 13.6% and 17.2%. The sweet\/sour balance (ratio of SSC : titratable acidity) was a useful indicator of fruit quality.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":86619820,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2116042241","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21273\/HORTSCI.30.5.988","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Electrochemical measurement techniques were applied to investigate the polarization and hydrogen permeation behavior of Cu-bearing CrMo steel in a H2S saturated aqueous brine solution. The observation on microstructure and precipitate phases of the steel was conducted by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the corrosion product was investigated by using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is disclosed that copper addition could effectively influence the electrochemical behavior of the investigated steel, and the dissolution behavior of iron matrix and carbide precipitates in the H2S solution acts as a key role for the steel resistance to hydrogen sulfide corrosion.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136805653,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2053014135","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.385-387.121","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The repeatability of an additive manufacturing (AM) process that fabricates a unique specimen with inherent damping capability is explored. A laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique is used to additively manufacture nickel alloy components with the same geometry\/dimensions. Key aspects to the manufacturing process such as scan strategy and build orientation are observed alongside damping performance. The results from forced-response testing show repeatable correlation between damping performance and modal response information. Furthermore, despite different scan strategies and build sequences, the results demonstrate that inherent damping repeatability is driven by the unique component geometry and has minimal sensitivity to manufacturing.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":199657936,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2964250015","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1115\/1.4044314","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This report discusses the African cotton initiative, over which disagreement has blocked progress on an agreement on agriculture in the current round of multilateral trade negotiations known as the Doha Development Agenda (DDA). In World Trade Organization (WTO) Negotiations on agriculture, a group of African countries have proposed that all subsidies for cotton be eliminated by the end of four years. The proposal also advocates compensating African cotton producing countries for revenues estimated to be lost due to cotton subsidies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":153116445,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"341043205","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Natural Na-montmorillonite was cation exchanged for the ammonium cations of various \u03c9-amino acids [H_3N^+(CH_2)_ n \u22121 COOH, n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 12, and 18]. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results suggested that the chain axes of \u03c9-amino acids with a carbon number of eight or less were parallel to the silicate layers, and that the chain axes of those with a carbon number of 11 or more were slanted to the layers. The cation-exchanged montmorillonites form intercalated compounds with \u220a-caprolactam at 25 \u00b0C. The montmorillonites intercalated with both \u03c9-amino acid and \u220a-caprolactam were studied by XRD measurement at room temperature and 100 \u00b0C. We propose a model where amino acid molecules were arranged perpendicular to silicate layers and \u220a-caprolactam molecules filled the space between them. When the \u220a-caprolactam was melted at 100 \u00b0C, the basal spacing for the montmorillonite increased, in which the carbon number exceeds 11. This phenomenon will be applicable to obtaining the nylon 6-clay hybrid, a molecular composite of nylon 6 and montmorillonite.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":98416476,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2155549913","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1557\/JMR.1993.1174","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Social networks are not a new phenomenon of the human community. Social communication tools represent a revolution in terms of the possibility of publicity for enterprises. In this way mechanisms of social networks have not only changed the instruments, but also the communication. Social media is not focused exclusively on the development platform of promotion and communication, but also in the implementation of services to create new business opportunities and career. Professional groups present in networks are often closed and specifically dedicated towards specific groups in order to achieve defined objectives and set by direction of the company that benefit from these platforms. Social communications tools represent a revolution in terms of publicity opportunities for enterprises. Social media is becoming the key marketing tool for organizations who manage tourist destinations, in this way having a major impact on tourism markets. The role which social media is playing in various aspects of life is becoming increasingly every day, especially in areas such as social interaction and cultural and educational aspects of our lives. Social media are becoming important tools in marketing management for companies of tourist destinations, having a major impact on tourism markets. The arrival of new technologies such as social media have made it possible to change the way consumers seek information on their buying decisions. Ease of use, flexibility and interactivity offered by these social sites makes it easy for customers to get information that after all generate sales. These interactive web pages that have the status of social communities encourage consumers to interact with the community, strengthening prospects of customers. This will be resulted in customers who visit the community more often to get the desired information (Poon, A. 1993). With advices or knowledge that they get from the community they build the perception of destination and are used for making decisions by consumers. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the use of social media and the impact of social media in the decision making to travel by consumers choosing Albanian.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":157845822,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2613091789","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.26417\/EJIS.V1I1.P8-15","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"It is quite clear that the new quantum perspective indicates that all sentient beings carry a small part of the infinite awareness-consciousness which lies within the heart of reality. This also means that, as John Wheeler in the twentieth century and Buddhist philosophers for at least the last two thousand years have suggested, sentient beings are the agents through which the epiontic ground of the process of reality creates the dualistic world of experience. Furthermore human beings, because of their greater sphere of free-will are primarily responsible for the fate and nature of the universe on all levels of manifestation. And, as Stapp, Wheeler, Zurek and others indicate, the intentions and perceptions of sentient beings have a universal impact upon the quantum ground, vanishingly tiny though it may be for any particular individual being. This impact of the intentionality and perceptual activities of sentient beings upon deep levels of the quantum Mindnature universe is such that, as Wheeler and others have clearly indicated, the actual fabric of the appearance of the material world is produced, over vast time scales, by the quantum epiontic mechanism. In fact it seems as if we live in an Epiontic Universe within which the perceptions and activities of all sentient beings determine how, within the limits of the available potentialities, the universe actually manifests. If this is true of the seemingly material realm it must also be true of the spiritual realm. This is indeed a remarkable upshot; an understanding of the epiontic quantum nature of the process of reality gives us a precise insight to the nature of the 'constrained relativism' of mystical religious 'symbolic forms.' It must be the case that the manifestation of the qualitative spiritual ground of reality will depend upon the ways in which the spiritual dimension of reality has been epiontically perceived by human beings over long time periods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":54701604,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1954963528","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and liver transplant recipients are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although several studies demonstrated the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in the general population, data in CLD patients and liver transplant recipients are lacking. Two COVID-19 vaccines were approved by the Saudi Food and Drug Authority and rolled out to several million recipients in Saudi Arabia. These vaccines are mRNA-based vaccine BNT162b2 from Pfizer\/BioNTech and adenovirus-based AZD1222 from Oxford\/AstraZeneca from three manufacturing sites (EU Nodes, Serum Institute of India, and South Korea Bio). The Saudi Association for the Study of Liver diseases and Transplantation (SASLT) has reviewed the available evidence and issued interim recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination in CLD and liver transplant recipients. Since there is no evidence contradicting the safety and immunogenicity of the currently approved COVID-19 vaccines in patients with CLD and hepatobiliary cancer and liver transplant recipients, the SASLT recommends vaccination in those patient populations. CLD and hepatobiliary cancer patients and liver transplant recipients should be prioritized depending on the risk factors for severe COVID-19. In transplant recipients, the optimal timing of vaccination remains unknown; however, immunization is recommended after the initial immunosuppression phase. Patients with CLD and liver transplant candidates or recipients should be closely monitored after COVID-19 vaccination. These patient populations should be included in future clinical trials to provide further evidence on the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":235369143,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4103\/sjg.sjg_223_21","PubMedCentral":"8448010","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCSA","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/sjg.sjg_223_21","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Studies were performed on four patients undergoing intracranial operation during the induction and reversal of surface hypothermia to 30 \u00b0C. Oxygen uptake decreased an average of 26 per cent from 34\u00b0 to 30\u00b0C to a mean value of 48 per cent of predicted basal uptake. At the same time, cardiac output decreased only 11.5 per cent, resulting in a consistent rise in calculated mixed venous oxygen saturation from a mean of 76 to 81 per cent at 30\u00b0C. As a result of this and the effect of cooling on oxygen dissociation, the estimated tension of oxygen in mixed venous blood remained virtually unchanged. When shivering was allowed to occur in two patients, oxygen uptake increased approximately 50 per cent without any concomitant increase in cardiac output. Observed right atrial and SVC oxygen saturations correlated well with calculated mixed venous oxygen saturations with regard to direction and magnitude of change with change in temperature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":55183438,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"It is assumed that inclusion of head geometry in the forward model will improve the localisation accuracy of image reconstruction algorithms for imaging impedance changes inside the human head. Initially we developed an algorithm, which assumed that the human head could be modelled as a simple homogenous sphere or multiple shelled spheres. This is an assumption often used in localising dipoles in the human head from measurement of surface potentials (Electroencephalogram EEG). This did not always yield a solution with correct localisation. \nTo test the idea that including geometric information will improve localisation we have developed a new difference reconstruction algorithm for Electrical Impedanc Tomography (EIT) that incorporates a forward model derived from a Finite Element model of the human head. \nThe new algorithm uses a sensitivity approach. The linear sensitivity matrix is created from a geometrically accurate model of the human head obtain from segmented MRI data. Generating meshes of the human head is difficult due to the complex geometry and multiple shells, i.e. scalp, skull, CSF and brain. This can produce distorted elements, which impact of the quality on the reconstructed image. Also the number of elements in scalp and CSF are limited reducing the accuracy of the final solution. We examine the effect of the mesh quality on the reconstructed image. \nThe inverse solution was obtained by normalising the sensitivity matrix then inverting it using truncated Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). We present the results of this new image reconstruction algorithm and compare \nits image quality and location accuracy against an algorithm which models the head as four concentric spheres.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":117149202,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"602433341","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Lacustrine carbonate lithofacies in the Hot Spring limestone vary systematically at meter to decameter scales and record paleobathymetry, limnologic conditions, and paleogeographic influences. This unit accumulated during the late Miocene in a lake system in an extensional basin complex, closely associated with lava flows and volcaniclastics. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy enable understanding and prediction of the occurrence, distribution, and character of lacustrine carbonates. Occurrence of lacustrine carbonates is a function of lake-basin type, in this case a volcanically mediated balanced-filled lake basin that contains various lithofacies: microbialite, grainstone, packstone, wackestone, and carbonate mudstone. Distribution of lithofacies is strongly controlled by depositional subenvironment and gradient (through water depth, bottom energy, circulation, and accommodation). Internal character of microbialites (i.e., type, size, porosity, vertical and horizontal permeability, associated lithotypes, diagenesis) is influenced by stratal position (at the parasequence scale) and location along the depositional profile. Depositional reservoir quality characteristics, such as microbialite porosity and thickness, grainstone size and sorting, and overall carbonate continuity and connectivity peak in the medial sublittoral zone. Conversely, secondary diagenetic effects, such as dissolution, carbonate and quartz cement, and possible authigenic clays, are highest in the updip lake-plain\u2013littoral zones and are less common lakeward. Thus, the medial sublittoral zone has the optimum potential, where primary depositional characteristics are best developed, and negative secondary diagenetic effects are minimal. These strata share many attributes with the Cretaceous presalt systems of the south Atlantic and can provide insights about controls on potential reservoir character, distribution, and connectivity for exploration and development.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":128435830,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2128166254","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1306\/07081312192","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The connection between gyrogroups and some types of left distributive quasigroups is established by means of isotopy considerations. Any quasigroup of reflection is isotopic to some gyrocommutative gyrogroup and any left distributive quasigroup satisfying some specific condition is isotopic to some nongyrocommutative gyrogroup. The geometry of reductive homogeneous spaces and the semidirect product for homogeneous loops are used to produce local exact decompositions of groups and local gyrocommutative gyrogroups.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":122668343,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2127368599","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To evaluate the clinical usefulness of four lung cancer-associated antigens ( LA-3, LSI-4, LSI-a, and LSI-c ), serum antigens in 107 patients with lung cancer and 35 patients with benign pulmonary diseases were measured quantitatively using a sandwich enzyme immunoassay. Pleural effusions from 20 lung cancer and 11 benign disease patients were assayed in the same manner. Mean levels of and positivity rates for each antigen in the sera of lung cancer patients were higher than in benigh diseases. Mean levels and positivity rates in stage III and IV lung cancer were significantly higher than those in stage I or II. Thus, diagnostic accuracy in lung cancer can be improved with combination assays for LA-3, LSI-4, and LSI-a. Each serum antigen level before and after chemotherapy changed according to the therapeutic effect. Indeed, the LA-3 antigen levels monitored in 3 lung cancer patients closely reflected the clinical course. Mean levels of and positivity rates for LA-3 and LSI-4 antigens in pleural effusions from lung cancer patients were significantly higher than for benign diseases. These results indicate that these 4 antigens detected in serum or pleural effusions can be clinically useful as tumor markers in lung cancer.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":78233039,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2487763967","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Growth of the P388 lymphocytic leukemia as an ascites tumor in DBA\/2 mice is characterized by lengthening of the mean cell-cycle time from 8.5 hr on Day 1 to 22.0 hr on Day 5. This increase reflects increases in S phase from 6.2 to 14.8 hr, in G1 from 0.2 to 4.2 hr, and in G2 from 1.6 to 3.0 hr; the greatest change thus occurs in G1. The proportion of cells in S decreases from 70% on Day 2 to < 10% on Day 8, the last day of growth. This decrease is reversed 16 hr after transplantation of 106 cells to fresh hosts. Since the mitotic index does not change during the 16-hr lag period, the cells that surge into S between the 16th and 48th hr after transplantation probably originate in G1 (or G).\n\nThe characteristics of the P388 tumor make it a useful model for investigating the relationships between cell kinetic parameters and sensitivity to X-radiation or chemotherapeutic drugs. We find that P388 cells collected from lateplateau-phase tumors and irradiated in air in vitro are more radioresistant than are cells harvested from exponentially growing tumors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":34259948,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2146739277","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Osteochondritis dissecans is a pathology affecting young patients that involves the entire osteochondral unit. In the case of unfixable fragments, regenerative cartilage treatments are a viable solution, but little is known about the use of these procedures for the treatment of juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term results offered by matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation combined with autologous bone grafting for the treatment of JOCD. Methods: Nineteen patients have been enrolled. The mean age at the time of treatment was 16.8\u00b11.5 years, with a mean body mass index of 22.9\u00b12.7. The average size of the defects was 2.8\u00b11.2\u2009cm2. All patients were evaluated prospectively before surgery and at 12, 24, 60, and at a final follow-up of 120 months with International Knee Documentation Committee scores, EuroQol-Visual Analogue Scale, and the Tegner Score. Results: A statistically significant improvement in all clinical scores was observed from baseline evaluation to 120 months of final follow-up. In particular, the International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score improved from the preoperative evaluation of 38.7\u00b117.3 to 74.0\u00b121.8 at 12 months (P<0.0005), with scores remaining stable for up to 120 months (83.8\u00b120.7), with all follow-ups showing a statistically significant improvement compared with the basal value (P<0.0005). Three patients failed at 12 months, for a failure rate of 16% at 10 years of follow-up. Lesions >3.5\u2009cm2 obtained worse subjective results. In addition, lesion size and female sex were significantly associated with failures. Conclusions: The matrix-assisted autologous chondrocyte transplantation technique with autologous bone grafting is a valid treatment option for JOCD in case of unfixable fragments. The clinical improvement obtained is significant and stable, with good results maintained for up to 10 years of follow-up and an overall low failure rate. Lesion size and sex could influence the clinical outcome and should be considered in the treatment choice. Level of Evidence: Level IV\u2014case series.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":159039697,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2946816600","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/BPO.0000000000001404","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Biodiversity conservation within managed forests depends, in part, on management practices that restore or maintain plant community diversity and function. Because many plant communities are adapted to natural disturbances, gap-based management has potential to meet this need by using the historical range of variation in canopy disturbances to guide elements of harvest design. We tested this hypothesis with a well-replicated gap size experiment in a second-growth northern hardwood forest. We evaluated plant communities within and among experimental gaps of differing size, 13 years after an initial harvest. We used a resampling approach to estimate how conventional and gap-based management affect diversity partitioning and species and trait diversity of ground-layer plants. These diversity measures highlight relevant scales and function of ground-layer plants among harvest gap sizes and scenarios. Results from our field experiment showed that, at the gap-level, increasing gap size increased functional trait diversity of plants, while species diversity was higher in gaps than uncut references and maximized in medium-sized (20\u201030 m diameter) gaps. In harvest scenarios created by resampling our empirical data, we found that at the stand scale, increasing harvest intensity (larger gaps and greater proportion of forest in gaps) increased species richness and variability in initial bloom times, tolerance to shade, and number of life-forms in the plant community. Based on the measures of diversity and function used in our study, our results suggest that size of harvest-created gaps and proportion of forest in gaps can be manipulated to attain biodiversity goals but evaluating the regional species pool and seed sources (e.g., presence of invasives, rare species) will be important to maintain or restore conservation value.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":19566809,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2169131052","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5849\/FORSCI.13-015","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Wind energy has been growing steadily in the U.S. and worldwide in the past decades. As wind farms are projected to increase in size and number, however, concerns are rising about possible undesirable effects of wind turbines near the Earth's surface. The literature is highly divided about what these effects could be, including warming, cooling, both, or neither. Only one mechanism, however, has been widely accepted (but never tested) to explain how wind turbines affect the lower boundary layer, namely that turbulence generated in wind turbine wakes enhances vertical mixing near the ground. Wakes are plume-like volumes downwind of wind turbines that are characterised by lower wind speeds and higher turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) than the undisturbed upwind flow. The few observational campaigns that have measured changes in near-surface properties by wind turbines have not provided an answer with respect to vertical mixing near the ground. To fill this knowledge gap, the VERTEX (VERTical Enhanced miXing) measurement campaign was conducted in August-October 2016 near a large wind turbine in coastal Delaware, using 15 surface flux towers, a 50-m meteorological tower, a radiometer, and two scanning lidars. During VERTEX, lidar scans and a wake detection algorithm were used to detect wake events and identify which sites were affected by the wake of the wind turbine. TKE, momentum and heat fluxes near the ground were compared between the sites below the wake and those outside of it. Preliminary findings based on two case studies (30 August and 20 September 2016) suggest a lack of enhancement of vertical mixing near the ground.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":126880527,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2912131502","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/14685248.2019.1572161","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/14685248.2019.1572161?needAccess=true","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A meshless local radial basis function method is developed for two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The distributed nodes used to store the variables are obtained by the philosophy of an unstructured mesh, which results in two main advantages of the method. One is that the unstructured nodes generation in the computational domain is quite simple, without much concern about the mesh quality; the other is that the localization of the obtained collocations for the discretization of equations is performed conveniently with the supporting nodes. The algebraic system is solved by a semi-implicit pseudo-time method, in which the convective and source terms are explicitly marched by the Runge-Kutta method, and the diffusive terms are implicitly solved. The proposed method is validated by several benchmark problems, including natural convection in a square cavity, the lid-driven cavity flow, and the natural convection in a square cavity containing a circular cylinder, and very good agreement with the existing results are obtained.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":121043914,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2012186784","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/10407790.2014.955779","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To defeat corruption in Indonesia should be started from law enforcement institutions. Corruption happens when someone puts individual need illegally on top of the society's need. Corruptions occur in many forms including misue of political instruments. Defeating corruption in Indonesia is always related to politics. Political force has created a conclusion in the society that corruption is a culture, every beaureaucrat performs corruption to maintain status and position. Formal law system that we own, in particular those related to corruption neglect those possibilities and does not provide facilities which can be used by the suspect, if becomes the victim of unjust law enforcers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":152577243,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"995392466","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The well known function of saccharides in higher plants is known to be the primary form of energy absorption in chloroplasts, its transformation to the chemical one (in the form of simple saccharides) and transport to other tissues unable to photosynthesis, as well as its utilisation in all anabolic processes. Recently however much information have become available, which demonstrated or suggested many nonenergetic uses of this group of compounds. Besides glucose, fructose and sucrose, known as basic photosynthesis products or energy transporters, also the regulatory functions were shown. Similar function was also settled for enzymes catalysing basic metabolic reactions of these saccharides, including also those of nonconventional metabolism - trehalose, mannitol, and some others. The known catabolic glucose route typical for anoxia conditions - ethanolic fermentation was demonstrated also to play a significant role in regulation of normal metabolism (in presence of O 2 ), as its final products - acetaldehyde and ethanol, as well as enzymes catalyzing their formation, are active in increasing tolerance to stress and defence against pathogens. The above-mentioned (and some other) functions of saccharides and enzymes cooperating in their metabolism are presented in this review.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":85321659,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2076225175","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this letter, we propose an Alamouti coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme for a cooperative communication system robust to both timing errors and frequency offsets. OFDM with cyclic prefix (CP) is used to combat timing errors. In order to mitigate the intercarrier interference (ICI) caused by multiple frequency offsets in the cooperative system, an ICI-self cancellation scheme is constructed, which can suppress ICI effectively. Moreover, in the proposed scheme, if the channels are real-valued fading channels, the received signals at the destination node have the Alamouti code structure on each subcarrier and thus it has the fast symbol-wise ML decoding and when frequency offsets are not large, the new scheme can achieve diversity order 2.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":13458606,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2104357241","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2008.070443","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The article discusses the ability of enterprises to adopt and use information systems. The analysis of scientific literature published by Oxford University Press, Cambridge University Press, Harvard University Press, Springer, M. E. Sharpe, Routledge, etc. show that 5.39 mln. authors are talking about information systems. 4.0 thousand authors mention the role of trade and manufacturing enterprises in this area. Most of these authors pay attention to manufacturing enterprises (it is mentioned by 2.3 thousand authors), others \u2013 to trade enterprises (it is mentioned by 911 authors), some of them pay attention to both. In addition, it is important to mention that such topic is not very popular among authors who dedicated books to information systems. Most of them are analysing individual technology adoption or individual organizations' adoption decisions. Therefore, it is important to reveal the ability of enterprises to adopt and use information systems in the current challenging conditions; to compare enterprises, which have activity in different countries, to evaluate, if enterprises, taking into account the new circumstances, are able to respond and adapt to these challenges adequately. One of the challenges is the adoption of information system is when it is multi-functional. In the literature it's mentioned that enterprise easily adopt dual-function information system, but not multi-functional, which increases confusion, frustration and indecision thinking about adoption of new information system. The ability of enterprise to adopt information system depends on industry structure, enterprises' size, environmental factors and information system itself. That's why the analysis by company size is not included into this study. As in European Union small and medium size enterprises take the largest part (their share is 99.8% among all enterprises). So, the paper presents the results of investigations about the adoption of different information system in two industries located in 32 European countries. National level of 32 European countries is used to seeking to describe environmental factors on country level. The research is aiming to propose framework helpful to compare enterprises by geographic location and their ability to adopt information systems. In literature different factors that influence the adoption of information systems are suggested for benchmarking. Therefore the classical adoption theories are tending to neglect market and industry characteristics as important factors in the adoption decision, in the paper the set of factors are used to explore complex organizations and industry adoption patterns. The study presented in the paper contains three different aspects. First, the adoption of information systems is disclosed from different perspectives. Second, a theoretical framework that incorporates factors determining the ability of companies to adopt information systems is presented. Third, the application of framework for manufacturing and trade enterprises, located in 32 European countries, is given. The article is based on comparative and multiple criteria analysis. For the suggested framework, the set of criteria and the multiple criteria evaluation method (COPRAS) is used. The proposed approach can be useful for decision-making practitioners who analyse the perspectives and adoption of information systems. DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.5755\/j01.eis.0.7.4271","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":154235281,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1975819676","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5755\/J01.EIS.0.7.4271","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Minimizing energy consumption in wireless sensor networks has been a challenging issue, and grid-based clustering and routing schemes have attracted a lot of attention due to their simplicity and feasibility. Thus how to determine the \\textit{optimal grid size} in order to minimize energy consumption and prolong network lifetime becomes an important problem during the network planning and dimensioning phase. So far most existing work uses the average distances within a grid and between neighbor grids to calculate the average energy consumption, which we found largely underestimates the real value. In this paper, we propose, analyze and evaluate the energy consumption models in wireless sensor networks with probabilistic distance distributions. These models have been validated by numerical and simulation results, which shows that they can be used to optimize grid size and minimize energy consumption accurately. We also use these models to study variable-size grids, which can further improve the energy efficiency by balancing the relayed traffic in wireless sensor networks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":7962552,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2024813385","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOM.2010.5462073","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Vanadate and pervanadate (the complexes of vanadate with hydrogen peroxide) are two commonly used general protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitors. These compounds also have insulin-mimetic properties, an observation that has generated a great deal of interest and study. Since a careful kinetic study of the two inhibitors has been lacking, we sought to analyze their mechanisms of inhibition. Our results show that vanadate is a competitive inhibitor for the protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B, with a Ki of 0.38 \u00b1 0.02 \u03bcM. EDTA, which is known to chelate vanadate, causes an immediate and complete reversal of the inhibition due to vanadate when added to an enzyme assay. Pervanadate, by contrast, inhibits by irreversibly oxidizing the catalytic cysteine of PTP1B, as determined by mass spectrometry. Reducing agents such as dithiothreitol that are used in PTP assays to keep the catalytic cysteine reduced and active were found to convert pervanadate rapidly to vanadate. Under certain conditions, slow time-dependent inactivation by vanadate was observed; since catalase blocked this inactivation, it was ascribed to in situ generation of hydrogen peroxide and subsequent formation of pervanadate. Implications for the use of these compounds as inhibitors and rationalization for some of their in vivo effects are considered.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":25674636,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2040328392","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.2.843","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"http:\/\/www.jbc.org\/article\/S0021925819775437\/pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Blasphemy law was once an integral part of English constitutional and criminal law, such was the law's close affiliation with the precepts of Christianity. The author marks the end of blasphemy law in England by adumbrating the reasons for its decline, and by providing a brief history of the crucial developments within that defunct but once important law, with reference to international as well as domestic case law. He also alludes to the sea change in religious priorities in England and the attempted resolution of possible inter-religious antipathies. Article by Dr Paul Kearns, Lecturer in Law at the School of Law, University of Manchester - published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":144932882,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2066390240","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.14296\/AC.V2008I76.1185","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Topical microemulsions of nimesulide, a poorly water-soluble nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, using olive oil as oil phase and Tween 80\/iso-octanol as surfactant\/co-surfactant were designed. Various concentrations of surfactant: co-surfactant (2:1, 3:1, 4:1) were used in constructing a pseudoternary phase diagram. Oil-in-water microemulsions with ratio 15\/35\/50 (o\/w\/s) was chosen for the present study after evaluating various parameters like centrifugation, viscosity and stability. Using 4:1 ratio of surfactant : co-surfactant, a microemulsion-based gel of nimesulide was prepared with 1% Carbopol 934. In vitro permeation study of the gel was carried out through excised hairless rat skin and compared with a marketed preparation. The drug release after 24 h from the prepared microemulsion gel and marketed formulation was found to be 72% and 81% respectively. No significant difference was observed between the release rates of nimesulide from both formulations despite their differences in alcohol content. Microemulsion-based gel of poorly water-soluble nimesulide was successfully developed with in vitro release rates comparable to that of the marketed gel formulation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":27441392,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2120490932","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4103\/0250-474X.29630","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To establish the mechanical response of Zircaloy cladding under thermal shock conditions typical of hypothetical loss-of-coolant accident (LOCA) situations in light-water reactors (LWRs), cladding specimens were ruptured in steam during transient heating (10 K\/s), oxidized at maximum temperatures between 1140 and 1770 K for various times, and cooled from the isothermal oxidation temperature to \u223c1100 K at a rate of 5 K\/s, and rapidly quenched by bottom flooding with water at a rate of \u223c0.05 m\/s. Failure \"maps\" for fracture of the cladding by thermal shock were developed relative to the maximum oxidation temperature and various time-dependent oxidation parameters. In situ pendulum-load impact tests were conducted at room temperature on tubes that survived the thermal quench. Information on the total absorbed energy from these tests was correlated with more extensive results from instrumented drop-weight impact tests. The thermal shock results indicate that the present Zircaloy embrittlement criterion (that is, a total oxidation limit of 17 percent of the wall thickness and a maximum cladding temperature of 1477 K) is conservative and that a more quantitative criterion, based upon the mechanical behavior of the oxidized material, can be formulated with a specified degree of conservatism consistent with the mechanical loads imposed on the cladding during reflood and the maximum amount of oxidation set by the margin of performance of emergency core-cooling systems in LWRs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":137184214,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1691902851","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1520\/STP36703S","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective To determine clinical and physiological effects of high frequency oscillation compared with conventional ventilation in patients with acute lung injury\/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Electronic databases to March 2010, conference proceedings, bibliographies, and primary investigators. Study selection Randomised controlled trials of high frequency oscillation compared with conventional ventilation in adults or children with acute lung injury\/ARDS. Data selection Three authors independently extracted data on clinical, physiological, and safety outcomes according to a predefined protocol. We contacted investigators of all included studies to clarify methods and obtain additional data. Analyses used random effects models. Results Eight randomised controlled trials (n=419 patients) were included; almost all patients had ARDS. Methodological quality was good. The ratio of partial pressure of oxygen to inspired fraction of oxygen at 24, 48, and 72 hours was 16-24% higher in patients receiving high frequency oscillation. There were no significant differences in oxygenation index because mean airway pressure rose by 22-33% in patients receiving high frequency oscillation (P\u22640.01). In patients randomised to high frequency oscillation, mortality was significantly reduced (risk ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.61 to 0.98, P=0.03; six trials, 365 patients, 160 deaths), and treatment failure (refractory hypoxaemia, hypercapnoea, hypotension, or barotrauma) resulting in discontinuation of assigned therapy was less likely (0.67, 0.46 to 0.99, P=0.04; five trials, 337 patients, 73 events). Other risks were similar. There was substantial heterogeneity between trials for physiological (I2=21-95%) but not clinical (I2=0%) outcomes. Pooled results were based on few events for most clinical outcomes. Conclusion High frequency oscillation might improve survival and is unlikely to cause harm. As ongoing large multicentre trials will not be completed for several years, these data help clinicians who currently use or are considering this technique for patients with ARDS.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":15220369,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2057139283","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2327","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/bmj\/340\/bmj.c2327.full.pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As pulse tube cryocoolers are miniaturized, boundary layer effects in the pulse tube may become more important than they are for larger refrigerators. Nearly uniform flow in the pulse tube is necessary for efficient cooling, and this condition is compromised as the pulse tube diameter becomes smaller relative to the thermal and viscous boundary layer thicknesses. As a result, miniature pulse tube cryocoolers are likely to experience enhanced acoustic streaming losses compared to larger PTC's. This acoustic streaming results from thermal and viscous interactions between the working fluid and the pulse tube walls. The thermal and viscous penetration depths and their magnitudes relative to the pulse tube diameter and wall thickness are therefore important parameters for this phenomenon. A parametric study of the effects of the pulse tube diameter, scaled to a non-dimensional value by the relevant boundary layer thicknesses, on acoustic streaming in the pulse tube was performed using CFD modeling. The effect of the operating frequency was also considered through the frequency dependence of the viscous and thermal penetration depths. Temperature dependant material properties were included in the CFD models because they play an important role in acoustic streaming. Results indicated that close attention must be paid to the sizes of the boundary layers relative to the pulse tube physical dimensions when designing miniature pulse tube cryocoolers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":55204266,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2518578905","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This research aims to analyze the effect of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) and firm size on earning management. GCG variable is proxied by board size, board compotition and audit comitee size. Firm size is measured by total assets. The dependent variable, earnings management, is measured by the discretionary accrual. Population of this research are manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) in 2012 and 2013. Purposive sampling method is using to take the samples so it takes 168 firm to use as data research. Method for testing the hypthesis in this research was conducted using multiple linear regression. The results show that board compotition and firm size have negative significant effect to earning management. This research also show that board size and audit commitee size have no effect related to earning management.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":56150489,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"AIM: To investigate the complications of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) for the treatment of macular edema, and to determine the risk factors for intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation. METHODS: Charts of patients with macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), diabetic retinopathy and uveitis who had received IVTA injections were reviewed to document its complications. IOP elevation was defined as a pressure of \u226524mmHg at some point during follow-up. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to characterize baseline risk factors for this elevation. RESULTS: The study included 111 eyes of 65 female and 46 male patients with a mean follow-up of (11.6\u00b15.1) months. Of the 111 eyes, 52 (46.8%) had macular edema secondary to BRVO, 44 (39.6%) had clinically significant diabetic macular edema (CSDME) and 15 (13.5%) had non-infectious uveitis with macular edema. IOP was recorded \u226524mmHg in 38 eyes (34.2%) during the follow-up. Higher baseline IOP (P =0.022), younger age (P =0.003), and male gender (P = 0.014) were significant risk factors for IOP elevation after IVTA injection. Eyes with prior vitrectomy were less likely to have IOP elevation (P =0.054). Two eyes (5.2% of eyes with increased IOP) underwent trabeculectomy, and 9 eyes (16.3% of the phakic eyes) necessitated cataract surgery. Other complications included branch vein occlusion (1.8%), sterile endophthalmitis (0.9%) and pseudohypopyon (0.9%). CONCLUSION: IVTA has side effects with IOP elevation and cataract formation being the two most common. A subset of patients is more prone to developing increased IOP following IVTA, namely, younger male patients with higher baseline IOP.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":79111181,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2508599087","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors have dramatically transformed melanoma treatment options. However, intrinsic and acquired resistance remain fundamental limitations to extending the benefits to all patients. Understanding molecular and clinical features that correlate with response to treatment (biomarkers) may unravel therapeutic resistance, assist in treatment decision-making, and facilitate drug development. An intensive effort to characterize these biomarkers is underway. Herein, we highlight promising molecular biomarkers involving the tumor microenvironment, host immune response, and microbiome. We particularly focus on anti-programmed death-1 therapy but will also briefly cover anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 and novel combination therapies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":51710609,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2883896816","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.12788\/j.sder.2018.019","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10189357","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Agglutination of cells is not only a functional test, employed in lectin characterization: the ability of lectins to mediate intercellular contacts may have physiological relevance beyond the test tube. Selected examples of advances in research on vertebrate lectins underscore their potential physiological significance in fertilization, development and in the pathogenesis of cancer.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":26227453,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The problem of bribery in international business is immediately important to consumers of unsafe products ranging from poisoned pet food to lead paint on children's toys that are imported from countries with weak legal regimes (high levels of bribery). International bribery directly undermines environmental reforms and frustrates efforts to protect very basic human rights. Addressing the problem of bribery is central to any hope of a more or less rational free global market as bribery skews purchasing decisions. Law enforcement professionals are increasingly aware of the implications for organized groups of ordinary criminal or even terrorist gangs. The corporate compliance industry is booming. The problem is vast, and the consequences are significant. \n \nLaw students who are preparing themselves for international business practice are left virtually ignorant about the legal frameworks, the risks to their clients, and the personal criminal risks they potentially face as gatekeepers. The U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) which criminally prohibits U.S. corporations (and their lawyers) from bribing officials of foreign governments in order to obtain business has been in effect for thirty years; all OECD member states have ratified the Anti-Bribery Convention; more than 100 nations have ratified the U.N. Convention Against Corruption. Perhaps most importantly, the larger ethical and social policy aspects of these problems are simply not taught, leaving law students entering global business ignorant and vulnerable. \n \nThe question is why comparatively little legal scholarship is addressing the problem; why law professors are not training their students as the business schools are doing? Why don't legal educators want to talk about international bribery? U.S. criminal laws prohibiting bribery and money laundering are covered only briefly in typical international business transaction courses, and not even mentioned in the standard U.S. professional responsibility or business organization courses. \n \nLaw professors are uncomfortable with the topic, I think, because of a well intentioned discomfort with the idea of imposing Western moral values on cultures and systems which are vastly different from our own. Most of us value tolerance and abhor the idea of imposing our own values indiscriminately on others. These noble reservations are often shared by our law students. \n \nIn this article, I examine in depth that facet of the scholarly debate. The primary concern is that by criminalizing bribery of foreign officials, the U.S. is unilaterally and forcibly imposing American values about bribery on foreign cultures which have very different customs regarding gift giving. The charge of U.S. moral imperialism has great resonance not only among many American law students, but very significantly among international audiences in both developed and developing economies. \n \nIt is my hope that by carefully examining the moral imperialism critiques from a variety of perspectives we can advance the discussion among legally trained audiences in the North (U.S., Canada, Europe) as well as encouraging a productive dialogue with legal, government and business colleagues in developing and transition South nations. \n \nI have been teaching a course covering international bribery for the past eight years. I developed this course after spending one and a half years in Beijing, China, as a U.S. Fulbright professor at Peking University Law School teaching rule of law. My Chinese law students asked for this course; my American and other international law students have taught me that before we can address the technical legal issues, we must first carefully examine our noble reservations about moral imperialism. This article is my best effort to help the next generation of global lawyers begin to think about a very basic and significant problem; bribery and moral imperialism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":150952350,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3137592572","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Classical dynamics can be described with Newton's equation of motion or, totally equivalently, using the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. Here, the possibility of using the Hamilton-Jacobi equation to describe chemical reaction dynamics is explored. This requires an efficient computational approach for constructing the physically and chemically relevant solutions to the Hamilton-Jacobi equation; here we solve Hamilton-Jacobi equations on a Cartesian grid using Sethian's fast marching method. Using this method, we can--starting from an arbitrary initial conformation--find reaction paths that minimize the action or the time. The method is demonstrated by computing the mechanism for two different systems: a model system with four different stationary configurations and the H+H(2)-->H(2)+H reaction. Least-time paths (termed brachistochrones in classical mechanics) seem to be a suitable chioce for the reaction coordinate, allowing one to determine the key intermediates and final product of a chemical reaction. For conservative systems the Hamilton-Jacobi equation does not depend on the time, so this approach may be useful for simulating systems where important motions occur on a variety of different time scales.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":44400193,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2161902233","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1063\/1.1790851","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We study the additive distortion of social choice functions in the implicit utilitarian model, and argue that it is a more appropriate metric than multiplicative distortion when an alternative that confers significant social welfare may exist (i.e., when the stakes are high). We define a randomized analog of positional scoring rules, and present a rule which is asymptotically optimal within this class as the number of alternatives increases. We then show that the instance-optimal social choice function can be efficiently computed. Next, we take a beyond-worst-case view, bounding the additive distortion of prominent voting rules as a function of the best welfare attainable in an instance. Lastly, we evaluate the additive distortion of a range of rules on real-world election data.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":250299657,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v36i5.20443","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/ojs.aaai.org\/index.php\/AAAI\/article\/download\/20443\/20202","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Little information is available concerning the natural history and optimal treatment of chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO). We conducted a retrospective review to assess the clinical characteristics and treatment responses of a large cohort of pediatric CNO patients. METHODS: Children diagnosed with CNO at 3 tertiary care centers in the United States between 1985 and 2009 were identified. Their charts were reviewed, and clinical, laboratory, histopathologic, and radiologic data were extracted. RESULTS: Seventy children with CNO (67% female patients) were identified. Median age at onset was 9.6 years (range 3\u201317), and median follow-up was 1.8 years (range 0\u201313). Half of the patients had comorbid autoimmune diseases, and 49% had a family history of autoimmunity. Patients with comorbid autoimmune diseases had more bone lesions (P < .001), higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P < .05), and higher use of second line therapy (P = .02). Treatment response to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), sulfasalazine, methotrexate, tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 inhibitors, and corticosteroids was evaluated. The only significant predictor of a positive treatment response was the agent used (P < .0001). Estimated probability of response was 57% for NSAIDs, 66% for sulfasalazine, 91% for methotrexate, 91% for tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 inhibitors, and 95% for corticosteroids. CONCLUSIONS: In a US cohort of 70 children with CNO, coexisting autoimmunity was a risk factor for multifocal involvement and treatment with immunosuppressive agents. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and biologics were more likely to lead to clinical improvement than NSAIDs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":7611180,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2157777824","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3788","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\n The range of decisions and considerations that women with advanced breast cancer (ABC) face can be overwhelming and difficult to manage. Research shows that most patients prefer a shared decision-making (SDM) approach as it provides them with the opportunity to be actively involved in their treatment decisions. The current engagement of these patients in their clinical decisions is suboptimal. Moreover, implementing SDM into routine clinical care can be challenging as patients may not always feel adequately prepared or may not expect to be involved in the decision-making process.\n \n \n OBJECTIVE\n Avalere Health developed the Preparation for Shared Decision-Making (PFSDM) tool to help patients with ABC feel prepared to communicate with their clinicians and engage in decision making aligned with their preferences. The goal of this study was to validate the tool for its acceptability and usability among this patient population.\n \n \n METHODS\n We interviewed a diverse group of women with ABC (N=30). Interviews were audiorecorded, transcribed, and double coded by using NVivo. We assessed 8 themes to understand the acceptability and usability of the tool.\n \n \n RESULTS\n Interviewees expressed that the tool was acceptable for preparing patients for decision making and would be useful for helping patients know what to expect in their care journey. Interviewees also provided useful comments to improve the tool.\n \n \n CONCLUSIONS\n This validation study confirms the acceptability and usability of the PFSDM tool for women with ABC. Future research should assess the feasibility of the tool's implementation in the clinical workflow and its impact on patient outcomes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":242256055,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2196\/preprints.16511","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/16511","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Purpose Given the rise of big data and use of analytics, this study explores how the performance measurement systems research field has incorporated dynamic aspects and digitalization prevalent in rapidly changing and competitive environments. Design\/methodology\/approach: In the study we conduct a software supported and iterative systematic literature review of the performance management field together with a keyword network analysis. The meta-analysis provided a quantitative method that identified gaps and directions. Findings: The findings suggest there is a link between performance measurement systems and dynamics, but the link is weak, and the main research does not incorporate dynamic elements. There is an observable research community interest in managing information for informed decisions through digitalization. However, two broad research perspectives on performance management systems in highly dynamic and competitive environments were identified, one group exploring dynamic conditions, and the other digital technologies and optimization. Researchers positioning themselves in the dynamic subgroup are likely take an organizational or human capital perspective when exploring applications of performance management systems, while the other group mainly pursues research within artificial intelligence, automatization, and optimization. There is limited research with coverage of both groups, highlighting a notable gap in the existing research. Practical implications: The study presents several identified gaps within performance management systems and dynamic environments to be addressed with further empirical research. In addition, k-core analysis presented a conceptual context to position future research. Continued research will help managers develop performance measurement systems, based on real-time data, that move synchronously with the rapidly changing environment rather than maintaining inert systems that might adversely affect performance. Originality\/value: This paper contributes to the understanding of performance measurement and management research in dynamic and digital environments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":201325269,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2965850929","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/23311975.2019.1642293","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23311975.2019.1642293","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives This work aims at uncovering challenges in biomedical knowledge representation research by providing an understanding of what was historically called \"medical concept representation\" and used as the name for a working group of the International Medical Informatics Association. Methods Bibliometrics, text mining, and a social media survey compare the research done in this area between two periods, before and after 2000. Results Both the opinion of socially active groups of researchers and the interpretation of bibliometric data since 1988 suggest that the focus of research has moved from \"medical concept representation\" to \"medical ontologies\". Conclusions It remains debatable whether the observed change amounts to a paradigm shift or whether it simply reflects changes in naming, following the natural evolution of ontology research and engineering activities in the 1990s. The availability of powerful tools to handle ontologies devoted to certain areas of biomedicine has not resulted in a large-scale breakthrough beyond advances in basic research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":648266,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1982838377","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4258\/hir.2013.19.4.235","PubMedCentral":"3920035","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/e-hir.org\/upload\/pdf\/hir-19-235.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Investigations of recently cracked concretions from the Carboniferous Montceau-les-Mines, France, Lagerst\u00e4tte led to the recognition of two new malacostracan Crustacea: a palaeophreatoicid isopod, Sottyella montcellensis n. g., n. sp., and a gorgonophontid stomatopod, Chabardella spinosa n. g., n. sp. The occurrence of the palaeophreatoicid isopod Palaeocrangon is discussed, and a new specimen of the syncarid Palaeocaris secretanae allows us to clarify some of its morphological characters. The recognition of these taxa increases the faunal inventory of malacostracans in the Montceau-les-Mines Lagerst\u00e4tte.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":130784496,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2131081686","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1666\/08-171R.1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The pressure resonance problem impelled by hydraulic pulsation power in piping networks is studied in this thesis. Through theoretical analyzing and computer simulating to the flow variation of multi-pulse sources accumulation, two concepts: the variable initial angle by equal probability and flow pulsation rare, are introduced. Some useful conclusions are also obtained. Most of piping networks vibration in engineering is aroused by the medium pressure pulsation. Destructive violent vibration is set off by the simulation of pressure pulsation when resonant occurred. In order to reduce the vibration, it is important to restrain pressure pulsation and to avoid the resonance areas determined by piping networks construction. On the basis of the optimized approximate model to meet the need of the practical engineering and fluidic network theory, this thesis is mainly concerned with the natural frequency of internal liquid vibration in pipelines. In this thesis a no-damping piping mathematics model as well as the transfer matrix method is employed, and the computer simulation is used in theoretical researching. The simulation software of pressure fluctuation for the complex fluidic transmission systems is developed. The effects of every structure parameters of simulated hydraulic pipelines on the pressure pulsation performance are analyzed in details by using the software which makes us modify some structure parameters efficiently so as to optimize structure, evade resonant, reduce the amplitude of pressure pulsation and avoid fluid resonance. The experiments verify the conclusion of the computer simulation and show that the software is easy to be widely used in the dynamic optimum design of fluid transmission systems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":121319905,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2049760427","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.137.250","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Identifying and Modeling Code-Switched Language V\u0131\u0301ctor Soto Mart\u0301\u0131nez Code-switching is the phenomenon by which bilingual speakers switch between multiple languages during written or spoken communication. The importance of developing language technologies that are able to process code-switched language is immense, given the large populations that routinely code-switch. Current NLP and Speech models break down when used on code-switched data, interrupting the language processing pipeline in back-end systems and forcing users to communicate in ways which for them are unnatural. There are four main challenges that arise in building code-switched models: lack of codeswitched data on which to train generative language models; lack of multilingual language annotations on code-switched examples which are needed to train supervised models; little understanding of how to leverage monolingual and parallel resources to build better codeswitched models; and finally, how to use these models to learn why and when code-switching happens across language pairs. In this thesis, I look into different aspects of these four challenges. The first part of this thesis focuses on how to obtain reliable corpora of code-switched language. We collected a large corpus of code-switched language from social media using a combination of sets of anchor words that exist in one language and sentence-level language taggers. The newly obtained corpus is superior to other corpora collected via different strategies when it comes to the amount and type of bilingualism in it. It also helps train better language tagging models. We also have proposed a new annotation scheme to obtain part-of-speech tags for code-switched English-Spanish language. The annotation scheme is composed of three different subtasks including automatic labeling, word-specific questions labeling and question-tree word labeling. The part-of-speech labels obtained for the Miami Bangor corpus of English-Spanish conversational speech show very high agreement and accuracy. The second section of this thesis focuses on the tasks of part-of-speech tagging and language modeling. For the first task, we proposed a state-of-the-art approach to part-ofspeech tagging of code-switched English-Spanish data based on recurrent neural networks. Our models were tested on the Miami Bangor corpus on the task of POS tagging alone, for which we achieved 96.34% accuracy, and joint part-of-speech and language ID tagging, which achieved similar POS tagging accuracy (96.39%) and very high language ID accuracy (98.78%). For the task of language modeling, we first conducted an exhaustive analysis of the relationship between cognate words and code-switching. We then proposed a set of cognatebased features that helped improve language modeling performance by 12% relative points. Furthermore, we showed that these features can also be used across language pairs and still obtain performance improvements. Finally, we tackled the question of how to use monolingual resources for code-switching models by pre-training state-of-the-art cross-lingual language models on large monolingual corpora and fine-tuning them on the tasks of language modeling and word-level language tagging on code-switched data. We obtained state-of-the-art results on both tasks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":213676467,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3005676998","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7916\/D8-2ZMF-9T73","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The impact of COVID-19 on the way that we work arguably represents the most drastic and rapid shift to the global workforce that we have seen since World War II. This paper investigates the long term impacts of this remote work experiment and what we can anticipate in the future, based on the direct impact that COVID has had on hiring, sentiments around remote work, and plans moving forward. The analysis uses two waves of survey data: one fielded prior to the pandemic in November 2019, and the other fielded during the pandemic in April 2020. The surveys polled a combined 1,500 hiring managers which includes executives, VPs, and managers- so the results reflect the views and plans of those with direct influence over businesses' remote work decisions. In short, these results provide before and after snapshots of how relevant decision makers view the remote work experiment so far and how it has affected their plans. The results suggest that the remote work experiment has gone better than expected for hiring managers. The perceived benefits of working remotely are causing businesses to significantly increase plans for remote hiring in the future, which will cause an acceleration in the already upward trend of greater remote work.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":225879511,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3082907310","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3638597","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In 2009, the New Zealand company Winstone Aggregates initiated a restoration planting scheme to mitigate the ecological damage caused by mining at the Hunua Quarry, near Papakura, New Zealand. By employing several collection methods (pitfall traps, artificial cover objects, litter samples, weta motels), and comparing invertebrates found in the restoration area with those found in adjacent areas of mature forest and unplanted grassland, this study aimed to identify invertebrates that could be used as bioindicators of restoration trajectory. Multivariate analyses (NMDS, ANOSIM) indicated that the composition of some invertebrate assemblages (e.g. beetles, mites, springtails) may be used to determine whether assemblages in the restoration areas had converged towards those in the mature forest. The survey also identified specific taxa (e.g. cave weta, spiders) that were more abundant in, or exclusive to, the mature forest, and identified other groups (e.g. exotic earthworms, slugs, snails) that typified the grassland invertebrates. Thus, in future invertebrate assessments, an abundance of the former taxa, and lack of the latter, would provide an indication of restoration 'success', and assist in monitoring the trajectory of the invertebrate community from that found in the exotic grassland towards an assemblage more typical of the native forest habitat of this region.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":92009824,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2905699471","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.20417\/NZJECOL.43.5","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background and Aim: Diabetes type 2 is a disease with functional impairment in body. The use of medicinal herbs in the treatment of diabetes is traditional in ancient medicine. Antioxidant compounds of walnut leaf are effective in reconstructing pancreatic beta cells. This research was conducted to study the effects of walnut leaf Cyclohexanin extract on the expression of arginase gene (ARG2) in normal rats and diabetic rats. \nMethodology: 50 Sprague dawley rats (200 g-250 g) were selected and divided into 10 groups. A group of rats did not receive any extracts of walnut leaf. Two normal control groups and two diabetic groups (with STZ) were gavaged with Cyclohexanin extract of walnut leaf for 6 weeks. At the end of the course, the primers of this research were designed. Real Time PCR (SYBR Green) was then used to extract and check the gene expression. To analyze Real Time PCR data, Fold change was first calculated and then the data were analyzed with REST software (ver-9). \nResults: The results of the analysis show that the Arginase gene is evenly expressed in both groups of CN and CT-C and. But in the DT-C treatment groups, the Arginase gene is significantly reduced compared to the CD group. According to the P-value, which is 00\/0 and the rate of Fold Change, which is 0\/027, the results of the analysis showed that the gene expression in the diabetic group treated with the cyclohexan extract (DT-C)reduces significantly compared the diabetic control group (CD) and this deference is significant (P<0.05) \nConclusion: Walnut leaf has unsaturated fatty acids. These acid compounds probably inhibit the activation of the arginase enzyme gene by their effects. The inhibitory action of the gene expression by Cyclohexan extract of walnut leaf can be likely attributed to Gallic acid and Caffeoylquinic acid in the walnut leaf, which prevents gene transcription and thus turns off the gene.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":91386524,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2907371698","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Previous studies have shown that, in general, young, postnatal animals are more sensitive than adults to the toxic effects of anticholinesterase (antiChE) pesticides. Paradoxically, often fetal brain cholinesterase (ChE) is less inhibited than maternal brain after gestational exposure to an antiChE, presumably due to placental and fetal detoxification of the antiChE. The present investigation was designed to study selected toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic factors surrounding the toxicity of chlorpyrifos (CPF; [O,O'-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl] phosphorothionate) in pregnant rats dosed repeatedly or singly during late gestation. Dams were dosed daily (po) with CPF in corn oil (0 or 7 mg\/kg) on gestational days (GD) 14 to 18. Animals were euthanized at 2 to 120 h after the last dose and tissues were collected for enzyme analysis. Using this dosing regimen, we found that (1) the time of maximal ChE inhibition was the same (i.e., 5-10 h after dosing) for both maternal and fetal brain, (2) the degree of fetal brain ChE inhibition was 4.7 times less than maternal brain inhibition, and (3) the detoxification potential (i.e., carboxylesterase and chlorpyrifos-oxonase) of the fetal tissues was very low compared to the maternal tissues. A separate group of experiments showed that if pregnant dams received only one oral dose of 7 or 10 mg\/kg CPF on GD18, the degree of ChE inhibition in the fetal brain was comparable to the maternal brain ChE inhibition. Taking into consideration the net increase (more than fourfold) in fetal brain ChE activity from GD14 to 18 in control animals, and the fact that maternal brain ChE was inhibited more than fetal brain ChE only in a repeated-dosing regimen, we conclude that the fetus is not genuinely protected from the toxic effects of a given dose of CPF. We propose that fetal brain ChE is simply able to recover more fully between each dose as compared to maternal brain ChE, giving the illusion that the fetal compartment is less affected than the maternal compartment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":41019160,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2145881748","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1006\/TAAP.1998.8514","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":": This research concerns with the Islamic Borading House (pesantren) as the basis for the cultivation of religious values greatly affects the spiritual intelligence of the students. It cannot be separated from the education system and teaching of the pesantren itself. This research aims to explore the role; (1) pesantren curriculum, (2) teaching methods, (3) internal environment in pesantren, in developing spiritual intelligence. This research uses a qualitative approach. The research subjects are caregivers, administrators, teachers and students. questionnaires, observation and documentation. The testing the validity of the data is through triangulation of sources and methods. Data analysis used qualitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that spiritual intelligence develops through: (1) School curriculum which implies minor curriculum like tauhid curriculum, and fiqh curriculum, (2) the teaching methods of the pesantren which plays a role to build a peaceful, safe, peaceful atmosphere for students, mutual understanding and respect, (3) the internal environment of the pesantren plays a role in togetherness and religious activities, the quality of the intellectual intelligence of the students also increases with religious activities, and the spiritual level of the students is good.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":252048172,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Modern volumetric imaging techniques such as CT or MRI, aid in the understanding of a patient's anatomy and pathologies. Depending on the medical use case, various anatomical structures are of interest. Blood vessels play an important role in several applications, e.g. surgical planning. Manual delineation of blood vessels in volumetric images is error prone and time consuming. Automated vessel segmentation is a challenging problem due to acquisition-dependent problems such as noise, contrast, spatial resolution, and artifacts. In this paper, a vessel segmentation method is presented that combines a wavefront propagation technique with Hessian-based vessel enhancement. The latter has proven its usefulness as a preprocessing step to detect tubular structures before the actual segmentation is carried out. The former allows for an ordered growing process, which enables topological analysis. The contribution of this work is as follows. 1. A new vessel enhancement filter for tubular structures based on the Laplacian is proposed, 2. a wavefront propagation technique is proposed that prevents leaks by imposing a threshold on the maximum number of voxels that the propagating front must contain, and 3. a volumetric hole filling method is proposed to filll holes, bays, and tunnels which are caused at locations where the tubular structure assumption is violated. The proposed method reduces approximately 50% of the necessary eigenvalue calculations for vessel enhancement and prevents leaks starting at small spots, which usually occur using standard region growing. Qualitative and quantitative evaluation based on several metrics (statistical measures, dice and symmetric average surface distance) is presented.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":29913234,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2333361544","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1117\/12.2006811","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Linear and Star-shaped PCL-b-PEG copolymers were synthesized through a two step process, including the first step to synthesize the star-shaped PCL through ring-opening polymerization of \u0393-caprolactone initiated from multi-functional alcohol under the existence of tin(II) ethylhexanoate [Sn(Oct)2] catalyst, and the following step to couple the obtained star-shaped PCL with PEG segments using bi-functional linker. The structure of the polymers was confirmed by IR, NMR, GPC, et al. The aggregation behaviors of the star-shape copolymers were compared with that of the linear block copolymer with corresponding molecular weight of each arm, and the influences of structure factors were discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":94851174,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1994836812","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.342-343.725","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The steel industry represents about 7% of the world's anthropogenic CO2 emissions due to the high use of fossil fuels. The CO2-lean direct reduction of iron ore with hydrogen is considered to offer a high potential to reduce CO2 emissions, and this direct reduction of Fe2O3 powder is investigated in this research. The H2 reduction reaction kinetics and fluidization characteristics of fine and cohesive Fe2O3 particles were examined in a vibrated fluidized bed reactor. A smooth bubbling fluidization was achieved. An increase in external force due to vibration slightly increased the pressure drop. The minimum fluidization velocity was nearly independent of the operating temperature. The yield of the direct H2-driven reduction was examined and found to exceed 90%, with a maximum of 98% under the vibration of ~47 Hz with an amplitude of 0.6 mm, and operating temperatures close to 500 \u00b0C. Towards the future of direct steel ore reduction, cheap and \"green\" hydrogen sources need to be developed. H2 can be formed through various techniques with the catalytic decomposition of NH3 (and CH4), methanol and ethanol offering an important potential towards production cost, yield and environmental CO2 emission reductions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":238798199,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3189069955","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/su13168866","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/13\/16\/8866\/pdf?version=1628486590","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The General Pharmaceutical Council of Great Britain has closed cases against pharmacies that offer people homoeopathic remedies to protect them against malaria, after the pharmacists took \"remedial action.\" The council made no changes to the pharmacists' registration to practise, however. Its investigation was disclosed in a statement published last week.\n\nThe cases were brought after a joint investigation in 2006 by Sense About Science, a charity that promotes evidence based science, and the BBC television programme Newsnight . The investigation showed that the first 10 homoeopathic clinics and pharmacies selected from an internet search recommended homoeopathic pills containing no proven active ingredients to a researcher who said she was travelling to countries where malaria is endemic, instead of referring her to a GP or conventional travel clinic.\n\nThe \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":10239346,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1970577407","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d338","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose \n \n \n \n \nThis paper highlights the risks faced by white-collar workers resulting from advances in artificial intelligence (AI). \n \n \n \n \nDesign\/methodology\/approach \n \n \n \n \nThis paper explores recent research and expert opinion on the evolution of AI and its encroachment on white-collar jobs. \n \n \n \n \nFindings \n \n \n \n \nThis paper reveals susceptibility of white-collar jobs to AI. \n \n \n \n \nPractical implications \n \n \n \n \nThis paper guides HR practitioners in advising management on the possible deployment of AI to enhance productivity and the resultant impact in the roles that employees perform. \n \n \n \n \nSocial implications \n \n \n \n \nThis study draws attention to the risks associated with the deployment of AI and as a consequence the loss of white-collar jobs. \n \n \n \n \nOriginality\/value \n \n \n \n \nThis study raises the issue of how AI could disrupt the workplace by usurping white-collar jobs and creates awareness of the need for people in vulnerable white-collar jobs to re-think their careers and for HR practitioners to manage the change that this disruption will bring.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":157988103,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2612430550","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1108\/HRMID-11-2016-0152","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract When children's feelings are painful or too difficult, story telling can provide an avenue for children to begin to make sense of how and why they are feeling and behaving the way they are. The personal construct approach to child psychotherapy encourages children to communicate through story telling to themselves and to the therapist who is credulously listening and observing those family stories that are shaping the children's lives. The approach guides children to elaborate on existing constructions that are wrapped up in their stories, to then encourage experimentation in making sense of meanings, of expanding on these meanings, and considering other ways of making sense of personal relationships, providing a time for reflection on feelings and ways of being. It is hoped this account of story telling from a personal construct approach will illustrate how the psychological processes embedded in these stories can lead children in psychotherapy to new possibilities, new ways of tackling and overcoming seemingly insurmountable problems, and to new ways of being.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":225427597,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3048932903","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/10720537.2020.1805068","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The composite materials TiN\/3Y-TZP, 3Y-TZP doped by TiN with different contents and particle sizes, were fabricated through the same hot-pressing techniques. Compared with 3Y-TZP, the low temperature degradation resistance of TiN\/3Y-TZP aged at the temperature from 170\u00b0C to 350\u00b0C in air for 50 h was investigated in virtue of XRD and SEM in the experiment. For TiN\/3Y-TZP and 3Y-TZP, the maximum aging rate all occurs at 220\u00b0C. The addition of TiN can availably improve the low temperature degradation resistance of 3Y-TZP at different aging temperatures, but cannot change the relationship between the aging rate and the aging temperature. For TiN\/3Y-TZP, the matrix particle size is the key factor responsible for its low temperature degradation resistance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136914977,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2014194981","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.79-82.287","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"AIMS\nImplantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) improve survival in certain high arrhythmic risk populations. However, there are sex differences regarding both the utilization and the benefit of these devices. Using a prospective national ICD registry, we aim to compare the indications for ICD implantation as well as outcomes in implanted women vs. men.\n\n\nMETHODS AND RESULTS\nAll subjects implanted with an ICD or cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator (CRTD) in Israel between July 2010 and February 2013 were included. A total of 3544 subjects constructed the baseline cohort, of whom 615 (17%) were women. Women had the same age (64 years) and rate of secondary prevention indication (26%) as men. However, women were more likely than men to have significant heart failure symptoms (52 vs. 45%), QRS > 120 ms (41 vs. 36%), and a higher rate of non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (54 vs. 21%, all P values <0.05). Using multivariate analysis, women were more likely to undergo CRTD implantation (odds ratio = 1.8, P < 0.01). Follow-up data were available for 1518 subjects with a mean follow-up of 12 months. During follow-up, there were no significant differences among genders in the rate of any single or the combined outcomes of appropriate device therapies, heart failure admissions, or death. First-year re-intervention rate was double among women (5.6 vs. 3.0%, P < 0.01).\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nIn real-world setting, women implanted with an ICD differ significantly from men in their baseline characteristics and in the use of CRTD devices. These, however, did not translate into outcome differences.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":26398309,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2118813551","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euu015","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/europace\/article-pdf\/16\/8\/1175\/7279890\/euu015.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Currently, there is no generally-accepted defensible methodology that can be used to compare the energy performance of micro-cogeneration systems against reference conventional methods for providing residential thermal and electrical demands. In particular, the mathematical models of micro-cogeneration systems being used in this field have uncertainties associated with their predictions. However, these uncertainties have yet to be given serious attention by researchers in this field. This research makes a contribution by developing a more defensible methodology where these model uncertainties are considered. This methodology is demonstrated with a case study where the energy performance of a fuel-cell based micro-cogeneration system serving only domestic hot water demands is compared to the energy performance of reference conventional methods. A condensing tankless water heater and a central gas-fired combined-cycle plant are considered as these reference conventional methods for providing domestic hot water demands and electrical demands respectively. The simulation results demonstrated that if model uncertainties were ignored, it would have been possible to demonstrate that the considered micro-cogeneration system was more efficient than the reference conventional methods by serving only average consumption levels of domestic hot water. However, if model uncertainties were considered, the micro-cogeneration system could not reliably be shown to be more efficient than the reference conventional methods by serving the domestic hot water needs of a single house.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":150332306,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2941316874","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22215\/etd\/2017-11750","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/repository.library.carleton.ca\/downloads\/dv13zt98t","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Jannathulla, R.; Syama Dayal, J.; Ambasankar, K.; Yuvapushpa, R.; Ashok Kumar, J., and Muralidhar, M., 2019. Evaluation of fungal fermented rapeseed meal as a fishmeal substitute in the diet of Penaeus vannamei. In: Jithendran, K.P.; Saraswathy, R.; Balasubramanian, C.P.; Kumaraguru Vasagam, K.P.; Jayasankar, V.; Raghavan, R.; Alavandi, S.V., and Vijayan, K.K. (eds.), BRAQCON 2019: World Brackishwater Aquaculture Conference. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 86, pp. 82-89. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Rapeseed meal (RSM) was fermented using the fungus, Aspergillus niger and was evaluated as a fishmeal substitute in the diet of Penaeus vannamei. A 45-days' growth trial was carried out using nine iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets. Raw\/fermented RSM was included in experimental diets at the rate of 0 (control), 25, 50, 75 and 100 g\/kg by replacing fishmeal (w\/w). Results revealed that shrimp fed a control diet had a weight gain of 211.65% and was comparable up to the treatments fed diets containing 25, 50 and 75 g\/kg fermented RSM (221.56, 211.77 and 202.85%, respectively). However, the inclusion of >25 g\/kg raw RSM tended to decrease (P<0.05) the weight gain. The broken-line model indicated that the maximum inclusion was 64.4 g\/kg for fermented RSM. Though feed conversion ratio (1.71-1.94) and apparent protein utilization (21.42-24.93) were not affected due to dietary modifications, numerically better results were observed with fermented RSM compared to the respective level of raw RSM. No significant difference was observed in survival and was in the range of 86.67 to 96.67%. Carcass lipid level was high in shrimp fed with the diets having test ingredients (9.50-10.23 g\/kg wet weight) than those fed a control diet (8.83 g\/kg). Haemolymph indices have shown significant differences in total protein, glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides between the control and test diets. The present investigation concluded that fermented RSM could replace higher level (64.4 g\/kg) of fishmeal in the diet of P. vannamei when compared to their raw counterpart (25 g\/kg).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":207933643,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2982997317","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2112\/SI86-012.1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004\n\n4844 \n\nTie-2 stabilises pericyte\/endothelial interactions during angiogenesis and is over expressed on tumor endothelium. A vaccine that targets endothelium over-expressing Tie-2 may result in vessel damage and stimulate an inflammatory cascade resulting in disease regression. To validate the use of Tie-2 as a target, human Tie-2 was used as a xenogenic vaccine in mice. Preliminary studies suggest that immunisation of balb\/c mice by gene gun with DNA from the extracellular region of Tie-2 resulted in cessation of tumor growth. To determine if we could design a syngeneic vaccine that would work in both mice and humans a conserved region of Tie- 2 was cloned. HLA-A*0201 transgenic mice were immunised with this construct to determine if a repertoire of HLA-A*0201 T cells exist that recognise Tie-2. Within the Tie-2 region an HLA-A*0201 epitope was identified that is identical between mice and humans. Anchor modification of this epitope, increased binding to MHC. Immunisation of HLA-A*0201 mice with this enhanced peptide stimulated CTL responses that recognise T2 cells pulsed with either enhanced or wild type peptide. We then generated a human DNA vaccine incorporating the identified region of Tie-2 and used site directed mutagenesis to enhance the CD8 epitope. Using a gene gun HLA-A2 transgenic mice were immunized with the Tie-2 DNA construct. High avidity CTL were obtained from all mice immunized with this construct. Tetramer studies indicated a frequency of up to 1 in 1x103 CD8 cells being specific for this epitope. Moreover these CTL recognise endothelial cells over-expressing Tie-2. This Tie-2 construct is currently being screened for toxicity and efficacy in tumor models. These studies provide a novel approach to cancer vaccination.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":83529560,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1632844123","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\nIn a prior study we observed an association between the dopamine D2 receptor gene (DRD2) and the age of onset and\/or diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). We hypothesized that this effect was mediated through the dopaminergic control of the release of prolactin, a modulator of immune response. Since gamma-aminobutyric acid also modulates the release of prolactin, we examined the possible association between alleles of the GABRA3 (gamma-aminobutyric acid A3 receptor) gene and MS.\n\n\nDESIGN\nWe examined the GABRA3 alleles of 189 subjects with MS who died of their disease. They were divided into test group 1 (n=64) and retest group 2 (n=56). Each group had a separate set of controls (group 1, n=109; group 2, n=430). All subjects were white. All were tested at a dinucleotide cytosine-adenosine repeat polymorphism with 6 alleles representing 11 to 16 repeats.\n\n\nRESULTS\nIn the first group there was a significant difference in the frequency of the GABRA3 alleles (P<.002), with the most notable difference being an increase in the frequency of the 16-repeat allele in subjects with MS and a relative decrease in the other alleles. In the replication group there was again a significant difference in the distribution of the GABRA3 alleles (P<.001), and again the greatest difference was an increase in the frequency of the 16-repeat allele in subjects with MS. For both groups combined, a significant difference in the frequency of the 16-repeat allele was noted (chi2=46.30; P<.001).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThese results suggest the GABRA3 gene may be a risk factor for MS. As with the DRD2 gene, the effect may be mediated through its regulation of prolactin release.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":2649928,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sir, I am grateful to Dr Paul for his interest in my hypothesis on fetal growth. It is important to be aware that in evolution 'difference' does not mean 'more advanced' in any simplistic way, rather it implies divergence more effectively to fit changing environments. For example, marsupials are often considered more primitive than other mammals because they grow their babies in pouches for longer than in their uteri. However, they have circumvented the problem of birth through the pelvic girdle by developing an 'external womb'. The baby kangaroo ('joey') is very small at birth (which makes birth easy despite its mother having a narrow pelvis adapted to the upright posture), but crawls to the pouch where it continues to develop, emerging permanently only when it is of a similar size to other mammals at birth. The mammary glands effectively replace the function of the placenta in terms of nourishment. Not only can the joey leave the pouch easily, it can return at night for safety until it can cope on its own. There is therefore a good case for saying that this is an advanced, rather than a primitive, feature. Eighty percent of human genetic variation is within the African population, and therefore it is rather misleading to talk generically about 'Africans'. The anatomical and physiological differences between the Masai and the Kalahari Bushmen are greater than between the Chinese and the Europeans. However, some Africans do appear to be more specialised for rapid locomotion, with heavier bones, smaller pelvises, shorter gestations, and accelerated fetal maturity. Dr Paul suggests that the hypothesis that pre-eclampsia is an attempt by the fetus to improve its supply of nutrients cannot explain the onset of pre-eclampsia without any preceding fetal growth restriction. On the contrary, such cases represent a successful response and are an example of the 'treatment paradox', whereby the response or treatment prevents the threatened condition from appearing. It is only when the response is unsuccessful that fetal growth is restricted. It is for this reason that we should be wary of treatments to prevent the onset of pre-eclampsia. If they work by improving placental function then they are likely to be beneficial to the fetus, but if they work by preventing the maternal response, then fetal growth could be adversely affected. Perhaps it was a good thing that low dose aspirin, as an attempt to prevent maternal vasoconstriction, was not effective! For therapies to be beneficial to the fetus, it is likely that they will have to be given during the first half of pregnancy to improve placentation. The risk then is that some babies might grow too rapidly and we would have an epidemic of dystocia.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":221481912,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08385.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1471-0528.1999.tb08383.x","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Individuals develop causal stories about the world around them that explain events, behaviors, and conditions. These stories may attribute causes to controllable components, such as individual choice, or uncontrollable components, such as systematic forces in the environment. Here we employ motivated reasoning and attribution theory to understand causal attributions the 2007 Virginia Tech shootings, the 2009 Fort Hood shootings, and the 2011 Tucson, Arizona shootings. We argue that causal attributions stem from individual reasoning that is primarily motivated by existing dispositions and accuracy motives. Both motivations are present for attributions about these mass shootings and we seek to understand their significance and whether dispositional motives condition accuracy drives. We are able to test several hypotheses using individual level survey data from several national surveys to explain attributions about the shootings. Our findings suggest a substantial partisan divide on the causes of the tragedies and considerable differences between the least and most educated respondents. However, our analyses also reveal that while education has virtually no influence on the attributions made by Republicans, it heightens the differences among Democrats. We discuss these findings for the public's understanding of these tragedies and more broadly for attribution research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":141927618,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"829460248","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The majority of residents of aged care homes have mental health conditions, including challenging behaviours \nof dementia, anxiety and sleep disturbance. Although non-drug strategies are recommended, medications such \nas antipsychotics and benzodiazepines are commonly used to manage these conditions, and residents often \nremain on sedative medications for extended periods despite limited effectiveness and significant side effects. \nThe aim of the 'RedUSe' (Reducing Use of Sedatives) project was to evaluate a multi-faceted, interdisciplinary \nintervention to reduce the use of antipsychotics and benzodiazepines in aged care homes. The RedUSe project \nwas a controlled trial conducted in 25 aged care homes in Tasmania. A series of pharmacist-led strategies were \nprovided to intervention homes, including medication audit cycles, staff education and interdisciplinary review. \nData on medication use was collected at baseline, 12 weeks and 26 weeks, with approximately 1600 residents \naudited for each measurement. Over the six-month trial, there was a significant reduction in the percentage of \nintervention home residents regularly taking benzodiazepines (31.8% to 26.9%, p < 0.005) and antipsychotics \n(20.3% to 18.6%, p < 0.05), whereas control home use increased slightly. There were also significantly more \ndose reductions\/cessations in intervention homes than in control homes (benzodiazepines: 39.6% vs 17.6%, p \n< 0.0001; antipsychotics: 36.9% vs 20.9%, p < 0.01). Our findings suggest that strategies coordinated through \ncommunity pharmacies, and incorporating the dissemination of local data on medication use, offer an effective \napproach to reduce sedative use in aged care homes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":58552067,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2216821173","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Post-market drug surveillance monitors new and evolving treatments for their effectiveness and safety in real-world conditions. A large amount of drug safety surveillance data is captured by spontaneous reporting systems such as the FAERS. Developing automated methods to identify actionable safety signals from these databases is an active area of research. In this paper, we propose two novel network representation learning methods (HARE and T-HARE) for signal detection that jointly utilize association information between drugs and medical outcomes from the FAERS and ancestral information in medical ontologies. We evaluate these methods using two publicly available reference datasets, EU-ADR and OMOP corpus. Experimental results showed that the proposed methods significantly outper-formed standard methodologies based on disproportionality metrics and the existing state-of-the-art aer2vec method with statistically significant improvements on both EU-ADR and OMOP datasets. Through quantitative and qualitative analysis, we demonstrate the potential of the proposed methods for effective signal detection.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":256665577,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A quick scan of the SEG web site shows that the phrase \"seismic petrophysics\" has been used explicitly in the title of a paper or abstract six times, the earliest of which was by Williams et al. in 1996 (\"The Hugoton cross-well survey; A direct look at stratigraphy, seismic petrophysics and shale anisotropy\"). However, the first attempt at a definition and an expanded description of \"seismic petrophysics\" was published by Wayne Pennington in The Leading Edge in 1997 (\"Seismic petrophysics: An applied science for reservoir geophysics\"). He defines seismic petrophysics as follows: \"\u2026the purposeful application of rock physics theory, as calibrated by laboratory and well measurements, to the interpretation of seismic data\u2026\"","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":129219590,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2017496853","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1190\/1.3657071","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, we study the effects of model complexity on the accuracy of the results in the computer simulation of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). The method has been extensively used in the last decade as a noninvasive technique to excite neurons in the brain by inducing weak electric currents in the tissue and proved to be a very promising alternative for currently invasive treatments in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. A detailed 3-D model of a human head has been developed by combining individual patient-based brain images and the public domain Visible Human data consisting of brain white\/gray matter, CSF, skull, and muscles. The finite-element method (low-frequency Ansoft Maxwell 3D package) is used to simulate the interaction of time-varying magnetic fields with brain tissues and to compute the densities of induced currents in different areas. Models with different levels of tissue separation have been developed and tested under the same condition to investigate the effects of model complexity on the distribution of fields and induced currents inside different tissues.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-20":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":25099283,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2147783970","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2010.2082556","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":". As a net source of nutrients fuelling global primary production, changes in Southern Ocean productivity are expected to influence biological carbon storage across the global ocean. Following a high emissions, low mitigation pathway, primary productivity in the Southern Ocean is predicted to increase by up to 40% over the 21st century. The ecophysiological response 15 of marine phytoplankton experiencing climate change will be a key determinant in understanding the impact of Southern Ocean productivity shifts on the carbon cycle. Yet, phytoplankton ecophysiology is poorly represented in CMIP6 climate models, leading to substantial uncertainty in the representation of their role in carbon sequestration. Here we synthesise the existing spatial and temporal projections of Southern Ocean productivity from CMIP6 models, separated by phytoplankton class and identify key processes where greater observational data coverage can help to improve future model performance. We find 20 bidirectional changes in iron and light limitation of phytoplankton, while the greatest changes in productivity occur in the coastal zone of the Southern Ocean. Different phytoplankton groups are responsible for driving productivity increases at different latitudes, yet we observe that models disagree on the ecological mechanism behind these productivity changes. We propose that an evidence-based sampling approach targeting climate-driven changes in ocean biogeochemistry and community assemblages in the regions of rapid projected productivity changes could help to resolve the empirical principles underlying 25 phytoplankton community structure in the Southern Ocean.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":259926638,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Wireless Sensor networks (WSNs) have become one of the most interesting areas of research in the past few years. A WSN is composed of a number of wireless sensor nodes which form sensor field and a sink. These large numbers of nodes, having the abilities to sense their surroundings, perform limited computation and communicate wirelessly form the WSNs. Recent advances in wireless and electronic technologies have enabled a wide range of applications of WSNs in military, traffic surveillance, target tracking, environment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, and so on. There are many new challenges that have surfaced for the designers of WSNs, in order to meet the requirements of various applications like sensed quantities, size of nodes, and nodes' autonomy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":116204884,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2749024990","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The authors examine the impact of large changes in singleissuer credit default swap (CDS) spreads on the underlying entity's equity prices. They consider a sample of 633 significant credit events (or CDS spread changes) relating to 295 U.S. nonfinancial corporations between April 2005 and March 2008. The results indicate that during the period leading up to the financial crisis, equity returns respond positively to both credit widening and contracting events. The evidence during the pre-crisis period supports the view that equity investors do not perceive debt-deteriorating events to be necessarily value-deteriorating for shareholders. In contrast, during the financial crisis period, the authors observe an entirely inverse relationship between CDS spread jumps and equity price movements, particularly for firms with speculative-grade bonds. The findings support the conclusion that the relationship between equity and credit markets is regime dependent and that stock prices seem to anticipate changes from widening CDS spreads.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":152581781,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1511025337","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3905\/jfi.2011.20.3.056","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The reducing of real driving emissions from public transportation which is using intracity lines has become more important in recent years. This is because the petroleum derived fuel combustion products contributes the global warming as well as adversely the air quality. The fuel consumption perspective is another major economical concern for operating companies that should be optimized. In this context a part of Istanbul Metrobus public transportation system of which is using fully a dedicated line is assessed via on board emission and fuel metering devices for two loading conditions. The relevant vehicle and engine operating data is logged during the tests. The logged data is post processed for developing the average emission factors. The results are also analyzed from acceleration and altitude change perspective and alternative scenarios are discussed for cleaner and economic operation. Lastly the in-service conformity parameters are identified and the results are compared with homologation values. It was found that for the same velocity, acceleration affect was found significant and the critical acceleration level is determined as 0.4 m\/s\u00b2. For NOx, and CO emissions velocities smaller than 20 km\/h and 40 km\/h was found dominant at positive acceleration zones. Also for fuel consumption and CO2 emission levels the velocities higher than 30 km\/h was found critical for all positive acceleration levels. It was shown that the real driving and emission data can be used efficiently for developing more environmentally friendly engine calibrations and decreasing fuel consumption and emissions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":125385284,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2905512640","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2298\/TSCI180921349O","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The product Trichotim has as a principle the insect Trichogramma sp. Trichogramma is a wasp measuring only 0.5 mm. It lays its eggs in the pests' eggs, destroying them before they can damage the plants. Trichogramma is efficient in the destruction of 500 species of pests; the product developed based on this wasp has been homologated in Romania only for three such pests: cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae), European grapevine moth (Lobesia botrana) and codling moth (Cydia pomonella). This wasp species, almost invisible, is extremely widespread. The main issue for researchers was how to capture it from the wild and then how to create the conditions necessary to make it multiply in an artificial environment. The product Trichotim has been tested for four years, an interval during which Trichogramma showed its efficacy in both laboratory cultures and in the cabbage gardens of some farmers in the Arad County to whom it was offered as a promotion. The costs are higher than in a treatment with chemical substances, but the cultures we obtained were less risky for our health. One gram contains about 50.000 eggs of Trichogramma, an amount sufficient to store the crop from 1 ha of cabbage, of grapevine or of apple trees. The product Trichotim is used in the control of pests of grains, maize, sunflower, rape, cabbage, peas, clover, alfalfa, grapevine, apple tree, plum tree, and ornamental plants.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":85824077,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2165174257","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal is a non-invasive method, used to diagnose the patients with cardiac abnormalities. The subjective evaluation of interval and amplitude of ECG by physician can be tedious, time consuming, and susceptible to observer bias. ECG signals are generated due to the excitation of many cardiac myocytes and hence resultant signals are non-linear in nature. These subtle changes can be well represented and discriminated in transform and non-linear domains. In this paper, performance of Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) methods are compared for automated diagnosis of five classes namely Non-ectopic (N), Supraventricular ectopic (S), Ventricular ectopic (V), Fusion (F) and Unknown (U) beats. Six different approaches: (i) Principal Components (PCs) on DCT, (ii) Independent Components (ICs) on DCT, (iii) PCs on DWT, (iv) ICs on DWT, (v) PCs on EMD and (vi) ICs on EMD are employed in this work. Clinically significant features are selected using ANOVA test (p<0.0001) and fed to k-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN) classifier. We have obtained a classification accuracy of 99.77% using ICs on DWT method. Consistency of performance is evaluated using Cohen's kappa statistic. Developed approach is robust, accurate and can be employed for mass diagnosis of cardiac healthcare.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":124020569,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2284236507","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1142\/S0219519416400121","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We tested which factors explain the distribution pattern of the epiphytic moss Neckera pennata on three spatial scales using the framework of generalized linear models. First, we tested which factors explained its occurrence in forest stands in a 2500 ha landscape. At this scale, we also tested the effect of the historic landscape structure. We recorded its occurrence in all suitable stands. The occurrence probability increased with increasing present quantity of Acer platanoides, and with increasing present and past quantity of Fraxinus excelsior. The probability also increased with increasing connectivity to occupied stands. However, the connectivity to stands present in 1977 (recorded from infra-red aerial photographs) explained more of the variation. This suggests that the regional metapopulation size of N. pennata has decreased during the past decades, and that its present distribution pattern reflects the age of the remaining stands, and the distribution of past dispersal sources in the landscape. Second, we tested which factors explained the occurrence and abundance on individual trees in three forest stands. Neckera pennata mainly occurred on Acer and Fraxinus stems. The most important variable in explaining occurrence probability was connectivity to surrounding occupied trees, which probably reflects the restricted dispersal range in this species. The abundance on occupied trees was also explained by this variable. The occurrence probability and abundance also increased with increasing tree diameter, probably reflecting the time that a tree has been available for colonization and the time since colonization, respectively. The occurrence probability and abundance furthermore decreased on strongly leaning (and deteriorating) trees. The occurrence probability increased with increasing bark roughness, probably reflecting increasing suitability regarding bark chemistry and moisture. Third, we tested its vertical distribution on occupied trees. The main distribution was below 1.6 m.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":12399715,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2025682700","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.0906-7590.2004.04026.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In recent years, Indonesia looks toward the challenge of elevating the quality of education in the most disadvantaged schools, especially in the Islamic school sector. This study investigates the successful implementation of a teacher training program called English Language Training for Islamic Schools (ELTIS). ELTIS was an AusAid funded program run between 2007 and 2010 to improve the quality of the teaching of English in marginalised schools based on the introduction of a more learner centred communicative language teaching methods. This inquiry seeks to contribute to an understanding of how English language training and ELT professional development benefitted teachers of English at Islamic secondary school (Madrasah Tsanawiyah) with regard to their sustained language pedagogy. \n \nThis qualitative research employs a narrative approach as a tool for researching and exploring teachers' lived experience especially to examine their perception toward the training and their professional development. Eight teachers from three districts in East Java province were purposely selected based on recommendations from the ELTIS-related authority to be participants in this research. The other participants in this research were two master trainers, one district trainer, one regional coordinator, one team leader, two school principals, and 17 teachers from two teacher support groups in two different districts. There were 34 participants altogether. \n \nThe research findings showed teachers' paradigm shift in teaching English after following the ELTIS cascade training model. Their improvement on teaching capabilities was evident in their teaching performances. Their success in implementing the ELTIS approach is influenced by their understanding of the characteristics of effective classroom pedagogic practice. The research findings also indicated that the teachers were aware of maintaining students' motivation in learning English in their socio-cultural condition by building students' self-esteem and self-confidence, giving rewards and positive feedback. This study suggests deeper insights into the sustainable practice which involves a lot of stake holders in the rural society. The grassroots support is an important factor in sustaining language pedagogy in the rural areas of Indonesia. \n \nThis study recommends future research to consider the key elements of a sustained impact through program dissemination in teacher support groups called Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":158586094,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2754353378","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Emily Rentschler, Patty Stubel, Marisa Pereira Tully, and Nathalia Rodriguez Vega provided excellent research assistance. We are thankful for helpful comments from Ben Keys, Rebecca Lessem, Craig McIntosh, Terra McKinnish, Pia Orrenius, Abbie Wozniak, Jim Ziliak, and seminar participants at the Wisconsin-Madison Institute for Research on Poverty, the University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research, the PAA Economic Demography Workshop, the IZA\/SOLE Transatlantic Meeting, the University of Chicago Demography Workshop, the University of Maryland, DePaul University, and the SOLE Annual Meeting. Sarah Bohn graciously provided a compilation of state and local immigration legislation, and Jesse Rothstein graciously provided wage rigidity estimates. This project was supported by a grant from the University of Kentucky Center for Poverty Research through the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, grant number 3 U01 PE000002-06S3, and by a grant from the Russell Sage Foundation's Great Recession Initiative. The opinions and conclusions expressed herein are solely those of the authors and should not be construed as representing the opinions or policies of the UKCPR, any agency of the Federal government, or the Russell Sage Foundation. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":245019569,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper I investigate Francis Bacon's natural histories, with a focus on the Latin Historia vitae et mortis and the posthumous Sylva sylvarum. My claim is that the English Philosopher was not interested in compiling natural histories of particulars, but those of virtues, of processes, and of the hidden activity of matter. The two mentioned writings represent the exemplification of this interest. Despite their very different structures and compositions, they share many characteristics which raise them at the level of natural philosophy. As it is shown in this article, their relation with the theory of matter, the experimental practice involved, and their operative character represent elements specific to metaphysics and natural magic. Writing the 'natural histories of matter' Bacon abolishes the border between a natural historical endeavour and a natural philosophical enterprise based on the knowledge of causes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":166088540,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2790127346","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Stability analysis for optimization problems with chance constraints concerns impact of variation of probability measure in the chance constraints on the optimal value and optimal solutions and research on the topic has been well documented in the literature of stochastic programming. In this paper, we extend such analysis to optimization problems with distributionally robust chance constraints where the true probability is unknown, but it is possible to construct an ambiguity set of distributions and the chance constraint is based on the most conservative selection of probability distribution from the ambiguity set. The stability analysis focuses on impact of the variation of the ambiguity set on the optimal value and optimal solutions. We start by looking into continuity of the robust probability function and followed with a detailed analysis of approximation of the function. Sufficient conditions have been derived for continuity of the optimal value and outer semicontinuity of optimal solution set. Case studies are carried out for ambiguity sets being constructed through moments and samples.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":16378663,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The recent worldwide focus on healthcare quality improvement, cost containment and enhanced patient experience has led to increased need for adoption of Electronic Medical Record systems (EMR) ( Waithera L, Muhia J, Songole R , 2017). This technology agitates for paperless transactions health care and would significantly reduce clinician workload and medical errors while saving the institution major expenses. Kenya is globally acclaimed as a leader for its Information Communication Telecommunications (ICT) innovations such as M-PESA (Graham, 2010). Many studies have been done in other countries to study the factors influencing adoption and usage of EMR technology, but a small number of studies exist in Kenyan situation (Ministry of Health, 2010). This study sought to examine why the application of EMR technology has not kept pace with its demand. This study therefore sought to answer two key research questions derived from the study objectives which include the influence of network infrastructure, EMR system design and staff ICT skill levels on information use of electronic medical records technology in a public health institution in Kakamega County The study was guided by technology acceptance model as its theoretical framework (Seok Kim, Kee-Hyuck Lee, Hee Hwang and Sooyoung Yoo, 2016). The study adopted a cross-sectional survey design with a target population of 80 respondents working in Kakamega county referral hospital. A descriptive survey research design was used. Stratified random sampling was embraced to divide the population into homogeneous subgroups as per the professional cadres then did simple random sampling in proportion to their number in the population. A questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale was constructed and used. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Both content and construct validity were used to ensure validity of the research instrument's while reliability was determined by using the Cronbach-Alpha Coefficient. Pilot testing to pre-test and validate the research instruments was done prior to the main study. One of the two hypothesis was rejected, there seemed to exist no significant differences among professionals with regards to EMR information use F (9,62) = 1.745, p > 0.05, one hypothesis was accepted, there seemed to exist a significant relationship between technical factors and EMR information use (r = 0.583, p <0.05). The study recommends that health facilities should increase infrastructure and resources that support EMR use, employees should be supported for further training on EMR operation and suppliers should regularly support and train health staff on how to use EMR effectively. The study results may be useful to hospitals as they gear towards integrating all their process by using technology.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":2,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":53477494,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Dynamin is a large GTPase responsible for diverse cellular processes, such as endocytosis, division of organelles, and cytokinesis. The social amoebozoan, Dictyostelium discoideum, has five dynamin-like proteins: dymA, dymB, dlpA, dlpB, and dlpC. DymA, dlpA, or dlpB-deficient cells exhibited defects in cytokinesis. DlpA and dlpB were found to colocalize at cleavage furrows from the early phase, and dymA localized at the intercellular bridge connecting the two daughter cells, indicating that these dynamins contribute to cytokinesis at distinct dividing stages. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy revealed that dlpA and dlpB colocalized at individual dots at the furrow cortex. However, dlpA and dlpB did not colocalize with clathrin, suggesting that they are not involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The fact that dlpA did not localize at the furrow in dlpB null cells and vice versa, as well as other several lines of evidence, suggests that hetero-oligomerization of dlpA and dlpB is required for them to bind to the furrow. The hetero-oligomers directly or indirectly associate with actin filaments, stabilizing them in the contractile rings. Interestingly, dlpA, but not dlpB, accumulated at the phagocytic cups independently of dlpB. Our results suggest that the hetero-oligomers of dlpA and dlpB contribute to cytokinesis cooperatively with dymA.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":198982194,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2966508588","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/cells8080781","PubMedCentral":"6721605","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/8\/8\/781\/pdf?version=1564971686","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The 8.8 km long Bo\u00dfler Tunnel was tendered in 2012 as a NATM tunnel, although a variant with a tunnel boring machine (TBM) was permitted for the first 2,800 m of the tunnel from the north side. The joint venture Tunnel Albaufstieg ATA won the contract in a negotiation process with the variant TBM for the first 2,800 m. Out of the conviction that a large part of the Bo\u00dfler Tunnel should be feasible for a TBM, the ATA made an optimisation proposal, according to which extensive additional investigation should be undertaken in the preceding NATM tunnel and to demonstrate the feasibility of extended TBM operation. This concept was successively implemented, with a 55 m deep investigation shaft being sunk and a 20 m long investigation tunnel excavated. The investigations brought the hoped\u2010for improved estimation of the rock mass behaviour and finally convinced all those responsible for the project (client and the contractor) that a TBM drive along the entire length of the tunnel was feasible. This procedure demanded extreme flexibility from all parties involved since the design work mostly had to be undertaken at the last minute.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":114166761,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2605165438","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/geot.201600079","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Polyamide 46 (PA 46) with carbon black (CB) has been subjected to a heat treatment. Crystallinity, specific heat capacity, crystalline melting peak temperature, thermal diffusivity, and electrical conductivity were measured. The crystallinity increases with duration of thermal treatment. The maximum value is dependent on the filler fraction. A lower CB content leads to a higher crystallinity at maximum tempering time. The crystalline melting peak temperature increases with decreasing filler fraction and duration of thermal \ntreatment due to different crystal types and\/or diverging geometric forms of the crystals. Thermal diffusivity and electrical conductivity act positively proportional to each other and increase with CB content and tempering time. The thermal diffusivity decreases with increasing temperature. The volume resistance of PA 46 is lowered by heat treatment. By CB addition in combination with a tempering process, the PA 46 can be transferred into a conductor. CB is moved by PA 46 crystals into amorphous regions forming conductive pathways.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":213622067,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2998278943","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/app.48882","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1002\/app.48882","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The relationship between the bound chloride and the free chloride in concrete is very important to the durability of concrete structures. The high performance concrete (HPC) with fly ash was prepared and the specimens were tested by ASTM C1202 in this paper. The concentrations of the total and the free chloride in HPC specimens were determined after the experimentation, by which the concentration of the bound chloride was calculated. The results show that the relationship between the free chloride and the bound chloride in HPC can be described by Freundlich adsorption isotherm, and the coefficient \u03b1 and \u03b2 in the equation are affected by initial bound abilities and bound potentialities respectively. The bound potentiality of HPC decreased inversely with the amount of replacement of fly ash.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":108755851,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1987003101","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.117-119.1387","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Central Bank of Barbados often intervenes \u2013 buys or sells from the foreign exchange (FX) reserves \u2013 to ensure the daily clearing of the FX market. This paper estimates an FX intervention function for Barbados using a dynamic complementary log-log model. Three general findings emerged: (i) dynamics play an important role in the Central Bank's intervention function, meaning that the probability that an intervention takes place today is conditional upon an intervention taking place at least one day prior. This most likely reflects the fact that deficits\/surpluses on the FX market tend to be persistent, resulting in intervention over a consecutive number of days; (ii) there appears to be some differences in the response of Central Bank interventions to the other key variables. Particularly, seasonal fluctuations in tourism and interest rate spreads are likely to impact the probability of a sale intervention, but don't seem to affect the likelihood of a purchase intervention. Moreover, an influx of real estate flows is likely to increase the probability that a purchase intervention takes place, but might have limited impact on the marginal propensity of a sale intervention. Finally, (iii) 'oil price shocks' is the only exogenous variable which appears to impact both sale and purchase interventions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":56309315,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2141278512","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"\"The Forgotten Centuries\" draws together seventeen essays in which historians, archaeologists, and anthropologists attempt for the first time to account for approximately two centuries that are virtually missing from the history of a large portion of the American South.Using the chronicles of the Spanish soldiers and adventurers, the contributors survey the emergence and character of the chiefdoms of the Southeast. In addition, they offer new scholarly interpretations of the expeditions of Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon from 1521 to 1526, Panfilo de Narvaez in 1528, and most particularly Hernando de Soto in 1539-43, as well as several expeditions conducted between 1597 and 1628.The essays in this volume address three other connected topics. Describing some of the major chiefdoms--Apalachee, the \"Oconee\" Province, Cofitachequi, and Coosa--the essays undertake to lay bare the social principles by which they operated. They also explore the major forces of structural change that were to transform the chiefdoms: disease and depopulation, the Spanish mission system, and the English deerskin and slave trades. And finally, they examine how these forces shaped the history of several subsequent southeastern Indian societies, including the Apalachees, Powhatans, Creeks, and Choctaws. These societies, the so-called native societies of the Old South, were, in fact, new ones formed in the crucible fired by the economic expansion of the early modern world.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":162366093,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2050599660","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/2211796","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Retailers sell a multitude of products which are interrelated to each other. However, often the strategies to price products neither consider these dependencies nor changing market conditions, resulting in inefficient price setting. The objective of this study is to investigate whether a system of multiple agents, each representing a single product, combined with a machine learning approach can optimize pricing strategies. To achieve this objective, a design science research approach is used to implement a multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL) system that learns a pricing policy for a product cluster and aims on maximizing the cluster's total profits by optimizing the prices of products dynamically. Six market simulation scenarios with predetermined market events were used to evaluate the MARL system in comparison to static pricing strategies and single-agent approaches. In all six scenarios, the MARL system leads to increasing profits: The daily average profits were 7.8% higher in comparison to the static pricing strategy and even 27% higher in comparison with a single-agent approach. The results indicate that retailers can gain a significant competitive advantage by considering product clusters and utilize ML algorithms to implement dynamic pricing strategies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":174780393,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Internet of Things (IoT), a term which fascinates every technical person today, is a coined term, not a new technology but a novel idea to bring the existing technologies into a collaborated unison. It's an idea currently into execution and implementation stage. The only factor that is being worked on is the way to provide freedom of connecting diverse heterogeneous devices, working on different communication protocols, technologies, data formats and yet achieve abstraction of such complexities so that user experience is smooth and easy. For this purpose, researchers are working on building a middleware which will act as an intelligent intermediary between IoT devices and applications. In this paper, the aim is to review the previous work done in the field of IoT middleware, identifying the key functional mandates and nonfunctional yet necessary requirements for a near perfect IoT middleware, critically reviewing the work done so far with respect to such requirements and then subsequently proposing our model for a middleware, which can be considered as a standard for future IoT middleware.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":252786306,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Applied Management Review \nFrom cooperative education project to academic publication \nReza Yaghoubi \nWaikato Institute of Technology \nThe Applied Management Review (AMR) is a peer-reviewed journal published by Waikato Institute of Technology (Wintec) that presents original research in applied business and management. The research presented by the AMR focus on assisting a variety of companies across several industries through offering viable solutions to practical problems and addressing real-world questions. Consistent with this vision, the AMR encourages submissions that address specific practical problems or make methodological advancements in applied research in all areas of business and management. \nThe first issue of the journal contains research conducted by students and their academic supervisors at Wintec's Centre for Business, IT and Enterprise. These studies have produced outputs tailored to help New Zealand businesses who chose to participate in Wintec's Co-operative Education Projects. The articles published in this issue of the AMR cover a broad range of topics including capital structure, product selection, customer satisfaction, efficiency improvements, internal controls, work-life balance, and supply chain management. \nThe AMR is the outcome of a long process of continuous improvement in our research practices from the start of Wintec's Applied Management programme in 2014. The Cooperative Education Projects (CEP) provided an opportunity to produce over 200 pieces of research at Wintec. The students initially presented their research to their supervisors and a moderator who would examine the quality of the research. After running the CEP for a couple of times, we envisioned a student research conference where students could receive quality feedback from the audience and experience a large networking event where they could practice public speaking, learn from other participants and potentially meet their future employers. Fast-forward 3 years, we have held 6 semi-annual conferences so far and have observed continuous improvement in several aspects including variety and quality of research, quality of presentations, quality of feedback provided by the audience, the industry participation, and overall quality of the event. \nWe also envisioned that improving quality of the research would pave the way for publishing our research journal \u2013 A journal that bridges the gap between academic research in business and the research needs of real businesses. This would, in turn, enrich the larger research ecosystem that we were building in our community. Now that the first issue of the AMR is published, we are one step closer to that vision. However, we still have a long way ahead. \nWe intend to expand and continuously improve the quality of the research published in the AMR. Already started to invite and accept submissions from international authors, the editorial board is keen to invite quality submissions from across New Zealand from both academics and professionals.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":169711430,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2886235861","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A systematic study of the surface-initiated polymerisation kinetics of a relatively new type of atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP), activators regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET) ATRP, is first demonstrated in this report. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were successfully grown from silicon surfaces at room temperature by surface-initiated ARGET ATRP using a \"3rd generation\" cationic macroinitiator. The polymer films were analysed by ellipsometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). With the initial experiment showing that water accelerated conventional ATRP but made it less controlled, the effect of solvent on ARGET ATRP was also evaluated. The living character of ARGET ATRP was demonstrated by successfully reinitiating PHEMA-grafted silicon wafers to grow a second block of PHEMA. Initiator density was shown to have a great effect on the growth rate of PHEMA film thickness on silicon surfaces by comparing the ARGET ATRP growth of PHEMA films using two different initiators, \"1st generation\" and \"3rd generation\" cationic macroinitiators, which have different ratios of initiating groups to positive charge. \n\nAnother type of initiator for ATRP systems, an amide silane, was then investigated as an alternative to polyelectrolyte macroinitiators to avoid degrafting. The effects of solvent, 2, 2\u2032 bipyridyl (bpy) ligand concentration and different types of reducing agent on the growth of PHEMA film from amide-initiator coated silicon wafers by ARGET ATRP were then explored at room temperature. However, it was found that the swings in the uncontrolled laboratory ambient temperature caused inter-sample and inter-experiment variability and so could make the evaluations inaccurate or even wrong. An investigation of temperature on ARGET ATRP showed a dramatic effect on the polymerisation rate. The higher the temperature, the faster the polymerisation proceeded. Therefore, the effects of solvent, ratio of bpy to Cu and reducing agent on the ARGET ATRP growth of PHEMA brushes from amide initiator-coated silicon wafers were re-evaluated at a constant temperature, 30 \u00b0C.\n\nThe development of a polydopamine-based initiator, which was designed to be able to be immobilised on a wide range of surfaces, is then presented in this report. Polydopamine was first shown to be able to deposit on various types of material surfaces by oxidative polymerisation in aqueous solution. Bromoester initiating groups for ATRP systems were incorporated into polydopamine coatings by reacting a fraction of the dopamine monomer with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide (BIBB) before polymerisation. The modified polydopamine initiator film grew at a comparable rate to unmodified polydopamine, with a 45 nm being grown in 24 hours. Successful incorporation of initiator groups was confirmed by XPS and FTIR, and by the growth of PMMA and PHEMA polymer brushes by ARGET ATRP from the polydopamine initiator coatings. A PMMA brush with a thickness of 239 nm was grown in 72 hours, indicating that the grafting density is sufficiently high to be in the brush regime. This initiator was demonstrated to be able to deposit on a range of substrates, such as metals (steel) and polymers (polystyrene), and successfully initiate polymer growth, demonstrating its broad applicability.\n\nThe assessment of ARGET ATRP as a simple and effective tool for interfacial shear strength improvement in cellulose-based fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites is finally presented. It was demonstrated by control experiments that grafting polystyrene on glass fibre surfaces via ARGET ATRP greatly improved the interfacial adhesion between glass fibres and a high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) matrix, although a specific value of interfacial strength was not obtained due to failure of the modified glass fibre composite samples in areas other than the interface. It was then demonstrated that PMMA was successfully grown from the surfaces of polydopamine initiator coated cotton fibre and BIBB-modified cotton fibre by ARGET ATRP. Polydopamine initiator was shown to be a better initiator for cotton fibre than BIBB, possibly since the adsorbed water on cotton fibres can react with BIBB. The improvement of interfacial adhesion between cotton fibres and a PMMA matrix by grafting PMMA on the cotton surface was assessed by peel testing of cotton fibres pressed into PMMA sheets. There is a clear trend in the relationship between the peeling force and growth time of PMMA on the cotton fibre by ARGET ATRP, although the inter-sample reproducibility is not good.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136863806,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"852255131","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cross-regionalism is a new fashion in preferential trading whereby countries, large or small, participate simultaneously in various Free Trade Areas. They seem mostly to be a reflection of the increasing rivalry of the United States and the European Union for drawing the attention by emerging middle-sized and small economies. This trend is profited then by the latter to diversify their previous (almost) exclusive economic relations with a given \"hub\". A strategy consisting in multiplying the number of Free Trade Areas is perfectly suited both to \"hubs\" and \"spokes\". According to the old North-South pattern, economic powers concluding preferential deals sought mainly to reap the political benefit of extending their sphere of influence and small countries the economic benefit of market access to a large market. Now new pattern is emerging whereby the two partners are motivated both by economic and political reasons. One clear result is that spheres of influence are on the wane. But this is of no help to least developed countries.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":59492274,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1528851097","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sir William Hunter ('Bill') McCrea (1904\u201399), astrophysicist and relativist, was born on 13 December 1904 in Dublin, the elder son and eldest child of Robert Hunter McCrea (1877\u20131956), a schoolmaster, and Margaret n\u00e9e Hutton (1879\u20131962). His parents, of Irish stock, were brought up as strict nonconformists, but by the age of 18 years, while at Cambridge, Bill had become a confirmed Anglican, a faith he retained all his life. By 1907 the family had moved to Chesterfield, Derbyshire, where Bill attended first the Central (elementary) School and then the Grammar School, from which he won an entrance scholarship in mathematics to Trinity College, Cambridge. He read for the Mathematics Tripos, becoming a Wrangler in 1926. He specialized in those branches of mathematical physics that were stimulating exciting research at Cambridge, and after graduating he began research as one of the many pupils of R. H. (later Sir Ralph) Fowler FRS (to whom he paid warm tribute on his centenary in 1989).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":70849085,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1671946061","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1098\/rsbm.2007.0005","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1098\/rsbm.2007.0005","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective Routine prenatal screening for Down syndrome challenges professional non-directiveness and patient autonomy in daily clinical practices. This paper aims to describe how professionals negotiate their role when a pregnant woman asks them to become involved in the decision-making process implied by screening. Methods Forty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with gynaecologists\u2013obstetricians (n=26) and midwives (n=15) in a large Swiss city. Results Three professional profiles were constructed along a continuum that defines the relative distance or proximity towards patients' demands for professional involvement in the decision-making process. The first profile insists on enforcing patient responsibility, wherein the healthcare provider avoids any form of professional participation. A second profile defends the idea of a shared decision making between patients and professionals. The third highlights the intervening factors that justify professionals' involvement in decisions. Conclusions These results illustrate various applications of the principle of autonomy and highlight the complexity of the doctor\u2013patient relationship amidst medical decisions today.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":7438483,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2153048574","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/medethics-2012-100887","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Until the early 1990s, the Italian political system was regarded as anomalous among advanced democracies because of its failure to achieve alternation in government. Since then, that problem has been overcome, but Italy has been popularly viewed as continuing to be different to other democracies because it is 'in transition' between regimes. However, this position itself is becoming increasingly difficult to sustain because of the length of time of this so-called transition. Rather than focus on what is rather an abstract debate, it may be more fruitful to analyse what, in substance, is distinctive about Italian politics in this period: the manner in which a debate over fundamental institutional (including electoral) reform has become entangled in day-to-day politics. This can best be exemplified through an analysis of two key electoral consultations held in 2006: the national elections and the referendum on radically revising the Italian Constitution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":155084872,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2067451250","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1477-7053.2008.01275.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The particular situation of the nuclear sector raises important ETI (Education, Training and Information) needs, where new educational tools and methodologies, and MOOCs in a special way, may play an important role. Nuclear engineers and other specialized personnel working in the sector are ageing, and also new competences are needed for the new conceptual designs of the future nuclear power plants. Furthermore, there is a growing interest to disseminate open online educational contents to society on these subjects. The objective is to shorten the knowledge gap between specialists and the general public. This trend is also in line with European Union objectives, specially regarding the efficient use of resources and the growth of the impact assessment of ETI activities. Following the results of an extensive search on open educational resources developed by our team, this situation contrasts with the very scarce offer of open courses on nuclear engineering.\n In this context, we implemented within FP7 ENEN-III Project in 2013 a full distance pilot course. The course addressed \"Accelerator Driven Systems for Nuclear Waste Transmutation\", a hot research topic with a very demanded benefit for society: the decrease of the volume and radiotoxicity of the high level radioactive waste generated in the nuclear power plants. The success of this experience moved us to go forward and design a MOOC, based on this material and all the lessons learned. A multidisciplinary team was gathered to further continue MOOCs development in nuclear engineering.\n MOOCs offer new and interesting opportunities in the nuclear sector. Topics like collaborative work, peer-to-peer evaluation and transnational education gain a main role in this type of courses. Also, Learning Analytics applied to massive courses like MOOCs may allow the acquisition of very extensive and reliable data on the learning process, and new business opportunities emerge as MOOCs are developed, i.e. for finding qualified personnel to staff the new positions in the nuclear arena.\n Nevertheless new challenges arise when we talk about MOOCs in this context. One is having enough number of participants to enhance collaborative work and to gather statistically significant information. Subjects like course dissemination play a decisive role.\n At present we participate in a proposal of a European project within H2020 led by ENEN (European Nuclear Education Network), in which our team shall implement two MOOCs in collaboration with TECNATOM, the first Spanish training provider in the nuclear sector.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":111134205,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2172428011","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A workshop entitled \"Radiation-Induced Fibrosis: Mechanisms and Opportunities to Mitigate\" (held in Rockville, MD, September 19, 2016) was organized by the Radiation Research Program and Radiation Oncology Branch of the Center for Cancer Research (CCR) of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), to identify critical research areas and directions that will advance the understanding of radiation-induced fibrosis (RIF) and accelerate the development of strategies to mitigate or treat it. Experts in radiation biology, radiation oncology and related fields met to identify and prioritize the key areas for future research and clinical translation. The consensus was that several known and newly identified targets can prevent or mitigate RIF in pre-clinical models. Further, basic and translational research and focused clinical trials are needed to identify optimal agents and strategies for therapeutic use. It was felt that optimally designed preclinical models are needed to better study biomarkers that predict for development of RIF, as well as to understand when effective therapies need to be initiated in relationship to manifestation of injury. Integrating appropriate endpoints and defining efficacy in clinical trials testing treatment of RIF were felt to be critical to demonstrating efficacy. The objective of this meeting report is to (a) highlight the significance of RIF in a global context, (b) summarize recent advances in our understanding of mechanisms of RIF, (c) discuss opportunities for pharmacological mitigation, intervention and modulation of specific molecular pathways, (d) consider the design of optimal clinical trials for mitigation and treatment and (e) outline key regulatory nonprescriptive frameworks for approval.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":13766807,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2612749342","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1667\/RR14784.1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Swarms of flying robots are promising in many applications due to rapid terrain coverage. However, there are numerous challenges in realising autonomous operation in unknown indoor environments. A new autonomous flight methodology is presented using relative positioning sensors in reference to nearby static robots. The entirely decentralised approach relies solely on local sensing without requiring absolute positioning, environment maps, powerful computation or long-range communication. The swarm deploys as a robotic network facilitating navigation and goal directed flight. Initial validation tests with quadrotors demonstrated autonomous flight within a confined indoor environment, indicating that they could traverse a large network of static robots across expansive environments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":3243438,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1973183543","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2012.6224987","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An erroneous fact concerning the assumption of irreducibility of nonjoining attributes of the distributed query optimization algorithm called GENERAL presented in the above paper (see ibid., vol.SE-9, no.1, p.57-68, Jan. 1983) is pointed out. It is shown that it is possible to generate an efficient semijoin program with better response time than the one produced by the GENERAL algorithm. A counterexample that proves this possibility is provided. >","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":35751879,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2052476073","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/32.4666","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Great Reef of Toliara, on the southwestern coast of Madagascar, has been documented as harbouring flourishing reef communities in the 1960s, but has since been affected by various threats, causing a coral decline last reported in 2008. In 2017, we examined the spatial heterogeneity in coral community structure in the region of Toliara. Coral assemblages were characterized by a marked spatial variability, with significant variation for most of the descriptors among the three major habitats and also among stations within habitats. We recorded high coral cover, with values >40% at six of the 10 stations, which was associated with high abundance of coral colonies. We also documented the return to an Acropora-dominated coral assemblage. While these positive results suggest a recent return to healthier coral assemblages, they must be tempered, as the diversity that we recorded was lower than in the 1960s. Moreover, we found a high cover of algae at several stations, suggesting that the ecosystem is likely close to the tipping point toward a phase shift. Finally, the population size-structure of major coral taxa was positively skewed, with few large colonies to ensure the replenishment of local populations. The marked spatial variation suggests that marine protected areas should integrate a sufficiently large area to capture the scale of this spatial heterogeneity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":241090456,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/d13100486","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1424-2818\/13\/10\/486\/pdf?version=1634775187","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper explores how information about paired subject's previous action affects one's own behavior in a dictator game. The first experiment puts dictators in two environments where they can either give money to the paired player or take money away from them: one where the recipient is a stranger and the other where the dictator has information on the recipient's reputation. Contrary to anecdotal evidence, the statistical tests show that the dictator's behavior toward a stranger is not statistically significantly different from their behavior toward an individual with an established reputation. The findings arise because a high proportion of dictators acted purely in their own self interest in both treatments. In the second experiment the dictators' choices were restricted to only generous actions. In such environment the dictators sent more money on average to recipients with a reputation for being generous than to recipients without a reputation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":50676196,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2094151661","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1019881","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/repec.canterbury.ac.nz\/cbt\/econwp\/0703.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We show the equivalence of the finite expression of Deninger's `R-function' at the rational arguments and the Kronecker limit formula on the line of our past study on the Gauss formula for the digamma function and the Dirichlet class number formula. Here the Gauss formula and the class number formula will be replaced by its analogue for the `R-function' and by the Kronecker limit formula or rather a closed form for the derivative of the Dirichlet L-function respectively. \n \nWe also make a systematic study of the `$R_k$-function' by appealing to the Lipschitz-Lerch transcendent in which there is the vector space structure built in of these special functions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":126325413,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2737474237","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Impeller blades in radial inflow turbines are not only exposed to high thermal loads and centrifugal forces. Additional dynamic stresses occur by the aerodynamic excitation of a variety of blade and disc modes and can lead to damages by fatigue. This is a critical consideration for engines with nozzle guide vanes in particular, where excitation is caused by the interaction between guide vanes and rotor blades. This leads to high excitation frequencies, which are within the range of eigenfrequencies of the stiff impeller.Previous experimental analyses provide vibration amplitude data for resonances in a radial inflow turbine equipped with three nozzle rings with varying vane numbers.The experimental data is used for validation of numerical investigations. The numerical work presented involves the simulation of the transient flow field of the entire turbine as a first step. Aerodynamic excitation forces on the blades are derived from the results for various resonance conditions. The influence of the operating condition and the vane number is pointed out. Higher speed and lower vane number increase the amplitudes of the blade force. In a second step, the transient and spatially resolved pressure distribution is used as a boundary condition in an FE model. The damping ratio is an essential parameter in order to calculate the forced response of the structure, and it is determined from the experimental data. The damping behavior is characterized and compared to ratios derived from additional experimental studies using laser vibrometry at the non-rotating turbine wheel under ambient conditions. A disparity in the damping ratios is recovered, depending on the eigenmodes and the boundary conditions. The forced response of the structure is computed using the individual damping ratios for four resonance conditions. Harmonic analyses are conducted, applying the pressure forces from CFD. The calculated amplitudes are validated with data from strain gauge measurements under operating condition. The prediction of the vibration amplitudes shows acceptable agreement to the test data with a tendency towards lower values.\u00a9 2013 ASME","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":109351819,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2019287972","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1115\/GT2013-94761","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Freedom of Information: A Comparative Legal Survey. Toby Mendel. New Delhi, India: UNESCO, Regional Bureau for Communication and Information, 2003, 134 pp. (free) pbk. (Available online at ) Since the post-September 11 terrorist attacks, freedom of information has taken on a growing sense of urgency. Toby Mendel, law program director of ARTICLE 19: Global Campaign for Free Expression, notes: \"There is a massive global trend towards legal recognition of this right [to access government information] as countries around the world that aspire to democracy either have adopted, or are in the process of preparing, freedom of information laws.\" His book, Freedom of Information: A Comparative Legal Survey, showcases how freedom of expression is more than freedom from the government in a growing number of established and emerging democracies. One of the foundations making freedom of expression more practical is recognition of a right to access government records, for no participatory democracy is possible without a well-informed citizenry relating to government affairs. Over the years, a number of books, monographs, and scholarly journal articles have been published about freedom of information as a right. Nonetheless, few of them have examined the subject from an international and comparative perspective. Among the rare exceptions are Sandra Couver et al.'s secrecy and Liberty: National Security, Freedom of Expression and Access to Information; Venkat Iyer's Freedom of Information: An Asian Survey; and Norman S. Marsh's Public Access to Government-held Information: A Comparative Symposium. What makes Mendel's Freedom of Information distinctive is the book's informative overview of the international and national framework of the FOI right as a human right. Also unique about the book is its discussion of ARTICLE 19's principles, which serve as a benchmark for FOI legislation. Most valuable to those who need a comparative survey of various FOI laws is the book's seventy-five-page \"Country Profiles\" chapter. It is the author's survey of ten countries: Bulgaria, India, Japan, Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, Sweden, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Some readers, the reviewer included, most likely will wonder why these particular countries, not others, were selected. Mendel explains: \"The choice of countries was based on a number of factors including geographic distribution, progressive and\/or longstanding legislation and the familiarity of the author with the country\/legislation.\" In each of his country-by-country analyses, Mendel first offers a brief introduction on the FOI statute. He then discusses the right of informational access, the government's duty to publish information, the exceptions to access to public information, the appeals from access denials, and the government's promotion of access to public records. \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":2,"2014-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":140971959,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"62150217","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Significant volume of wet melting requires an influx of H2O-rich volatile phase. In hydrate-breakdown melting, initial melt accumulation is diffusion-controlled and melt accumulates around peritectic phases in low-pressure sites. As the melt-bearing rock weakens, it becomes porous at a few volume per cent melt, initiating an advective flow regime; as melt volume reaches the melt connectivity transition, melt may be lost from the system in the first of several melt-build-up\u2013melt-loss events. Using mineral equilibria modelling, major and accessory phase controls on melt chemistry are evaluated. In residual migmatites and granulites, microstructures indicate the former presence of melt whereas leucosome networks record melt extraction pathways. Sites of initial melting nucleate shear instabilities; strain and anisotropy of permeability control the form of millimetre- to centimetre-scale inferred melt channels and strong anisotropy promotes high fluid focusing. Focused melt flow occurs by dilatant shear failure of low melt volume rocks, which leads to the formation of melt flow networks allowing accumulation and storage of melt, and forming the link for melt flow from grain boundaries to ascent conduits. Melt ascent is via ductile fractures, which may propagate from dilation or shear bands. Fractures are characterized by blunt tips; also they may exhibit zigzag geometry close to the tips and petrographic continuity between leucosome in the host and granite in the dyke. Horizontal tabular and wedge-shaped intrusions commonly are associated with the brittle\u2013ductile transition zone. Vertical lozenge-shaped intrusions represent congelation of magma in ascent conduits and blobby plutons record lateral expansion localized by instability; these intrusion types characterize emplacement at deeper levels in the crust.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":129741692,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2053512394","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1144\/0016-76492006-171","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A commonly-held view is that lending by the multilaterals (the IMF and the World Bank) catalyses others to lend, including private capital markets and official bilateral aid donors. To the extent that this view influences reform of the multilaterals, it is important to know whether it is right or wrong. While there is a growing amount of aggregate econometric evidence that calls into question the existence of the catalytic effect, there is always the possibility that more disaggregated and country-specific research could reveal nuances that are concealed by large-scale empirical work. This paper attempts to fill this gap by systematically examining the case study evidence relating to 17 developing countries and countries in transition. The overall conclusion is that it is difficult to find support for positive catalysis. Combined with other evidence, this raises fundamental doubts about the current direction of international financial reform.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":154314841,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2047642515","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/713701040","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Manure or compost application based on N needs of corn (Zea mays L.) may result in soil accumulation of P, other ions, and salt because the manure or compost N\/P ratio is usually smaller than the corn N\/P uptake ratio. This study was conducted from 1992 to 1996 to evaluate effects of P- and N-based manure and compost application on corn yield, N and P uptake, soil P level, and weed biomass. Composted and noncomposted beef cattle (Bos taurus) feedlot manures were applied to supply N or P needs of corn for either a 1- or 2-yr period. Phosphorus-based manure or compost treatments also received additional fertilizer N as needed. Fertilized and unfertilized checks were also included, Manure or compost application increased corn grain yield in all 4 yr as compared with the unfertilized cheek. Annual or biennial manure or compost application resulted in corn grain yields similar to those of the fertilizer treatment. Phosphorus-based manure or compost application resulted in similar grain yields to those for N-based treatments but had significantly less soil available P level after 4 yr of application. Biennial manure or compost application resulted in corn yield similar to that for annual application but increased available P in the soil. Estimated N availability was 40% for manure and 15% for compost in the first year and was 18% for manure and 8% for compost in the second year after application. Weed biomass was more influenced by nutrient availability than any weed seed introduced by manure or compost application. When application rate is based on correct N or P availability, manure and compost can produce corn grain yields that are equal to or greater than that for fertilizer application. Annual P-based manure or compost application is the most effective method of using these resources when soil P buildup is a concern.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":11152124,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"31701573","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2136\/SSSAJ1999.634895X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introducing a novel volunteer workforce to assist patients in hospital who require 1:1 support has potential benefits, such as reducing expenditure on additional clinical staff and ensuring that patients receive holistic care. This study aimed to determine whether a volunteer workforce could effectively provide psychosocial support to hospital patients and relieve pressure on staff. A plan-do-study-act approach was used to introduce a team of volunteers to an NHS hospital and assess the impact. The volunteers were trained to provide psychosocial support to patients requiring level two and above enhanced observations across 19 acute medicine wards. A new approval system was also introduced to review requests for bank staff. A 14-week audit was conducted to assess the impact of the intervention on expenditure and required patient observation levels. The results showed that introducing a voluntary workforce led to savings of \u00a3705 000 in 1 year from reduced reliance on bank staff. The number of patients requiring level three observation and the frequency of falls also declined. This study indicates that implementing a volunteer workforce is an effective and feasible approach to providing psychosocial care to patients, relieving pressure on the NHS workforce and reducing expenditure on bank staff.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":248196719,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.12968\/bjhc.2020.0175","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/nrl.northumbria.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/48967\/1\/MA-MAG%23bjhc-2020-0175%20volunteer.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Electron-molecule reactions and interactions are of increasing importance in science and technology. This already includes wide areas of environmental physics, technological plasmas, astrophysics, electron-driven chemistry, and fusion research. In this work we give a short overview of the topic and turn to two specific examples that show how synergies between experiments and calculations can lead to progress in the field. The first example concerns fragmentation of an ionized species. It has been found that hydrogen atoms are ejected from a specific position if an electron interacts with an adenine molecule. This process is prototypical for many electron-driven reactions and its understanding\u2014which has not yet been fully achieved\u2014is very important for a variety of processes in fundamental physics, biophysics, chemistry, and technology. The second example concerns mixtures of adenine and thymine and their ionization. Binding energies and structures of neutral and ionic nucleic acid dimers AA, AT, and TT (A = adenine, T = thymine), which are formed in such mixtures, have been calculated. The results predict which of the species will occur preferably in a comparable experimental situation and show for which cases the geometries of charged dimers differ from the neutral ones.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":93823240,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1974402518","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/00986440801963717","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study investigates the incorporation of microcrystalline starch (MCS) as a filler\/binder\/disintegrant in metronidazole tablet formulation by direct compression. MCS was derived from cassava starch by partial enzymatic hydrolysis using \u03b1-amylase enzyme. Cassava starch obtained from the freshly harvested tubers of Manihot esculenta Crantz was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis in a thermostatic water bath set to a temperature of 56oC. The reaction was allowed to proceed for 5h at a pH of 6. Hydrolysis was terminated after 5h by lowering the pH to 3 with 0.1N HCl. It was then brought to a neutral pH 7 by the addition of 0.1N NaOH and the resulting MCS separated from the reaction mixture by centrifugation at 2800 rpm for 10 min. The MCS obtained was re- dispersed in ethanol to dehydrate it and spread out on a tray to dry at room temperature. Powder and compact characterisation of MCS was done in comparison to microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). Powder properties revealed more differences than similarities between both materials. Both materials had an angle of repose greater than 40o. Hausner's ratio and Carr's index were lower for MCS compared to MCC. Compaction behaviour analysed by Heckel and Kawakita equations reveals that both materials consolidate principally by plastic deformation. Tableting properties revealed that MCS has a better drug-release profile in terms of disintegration and dissolution parameters compared to MCC. This study confirms the suitability of MCS as a filler\/binder\/disintegrant for poorly compressible drugs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":73697296,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2184605046","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study has proposed a new method of color representation, and a method of similarity measurement in order to overcome the disadvantages of a color histogram. The existing color histogram intersection method uses only the frequency value of the same color, after color quantization; which causes quantization errors. To reduce this error, it calculated the mean value of RGB color components and color frequency in each color region, selected them as the representative value of the similar region of a relevant color, then stored this in the DB as a feature vector, and finally, measured the similarity between color images by applying fuzzy theory. As a result, the color histogram has retrieved similarity between images more precisely than the existing method did. The study experimented on 1,000 color images by the new color histogram retrieval method, and found it more precise than the existing method.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":14105464,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2539069916","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ISPACS.2004.1439129","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A 600-MHz single-chip multiprocessor, which includes two M32R 32-bit CPU cores , a 512-kB shared SRAM and an internal shared pipelined bus, was fabricated using a 0.15-\/spl mu\/m CMOS process for embedded systems. This multiprocessor is based on symmetric multiprocessing (SMP), and supports modified-exclusive-shared-invalid (MESI) cache coherency protocol. The multiprocessor inherits the advantages of previously reported single-chip multiprocessors, while its multiprocessor architecture is optimized for use as an embedded processor. The internal shared pipelined bus has a low latency and large bandwidth (4.8 GB\/s). These features enhance the performance of the multiprocessor. In addition, the multiprocessor employs various low-power techniques. The multiprocessor dissipates 800 mW in a 1.5-V 600-MHz multiprocessor mode. Standby power dissipation is less than 1.5 mW at 1.5 V. Hence, the multiprocessor achieves higher performance and lower power consumption. This paper presents a single-chip multiprocessor architecture optimized for use as an embedded processor and its various low-power techniques.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":47310526,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/isscc.2003.1234290","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Successful refugee and migrant integration has been shown to generate novel opportunities for development, and to enrich countries economically, socially and culturally. Nonetheless integration is one of the most complex issues of our time. Here we review this problem from a behavioural science perspective. Behavioural science brings together insights from psychology, behavioural economics, neuroscience, and sociology to devise and improve population-level interventions and to develop more effective policies. One approach in behavioural science is commonly referred to as 'nudging'. Recently there has been a growing interest in nudge strategies among both practitioners and academics, in part because the strategies are cheap to implement. Here we provide an overview of such strategies and their applicability to refugee integration. By addressing two sectors of society where behavioural science is currently being applied (education and employment), we examine how behavioural evidence may be used to bypass barriers and facilitate drivers of integration. Our review (i) reveals that few interventions aimed at refugee integration use a behavioural science approach, (ii) highlights areas in which this approach could be especially effective, and (iii) identifies some behavioural science techniques that may be counterproductive.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":150746936,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2938042232","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1515\/9783110628746-012","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"public-domain","url":"http:\/\/eprints.lse.ac.uk\/102102\/1\/Sanders_et_al_Applying_behavioural_science_to_refugee_integration.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The development in organic livestock production can be attributed to an increased consumer interest in organic products while, at the same time, farmers are interested in converting to organic production methods \u2013 often stimulated by governmental support or subsidies. It is important that the organic production systems can fulfil the expectations of each of these stakeholders if the organic livestock production is to increase further. This is in particular important if the organic pig production should move from the present niche-production to a real player in the food marked, like in the case of beef and milk. \n \nIn the regulations for organic farming, the aspect of allowing a high degree of natural behaviour of the livestock is among others translated in the requirement that livestock in certain periods of their life or of the year should be allowed to graze or have access to another outdoor area. The most common outdoor systems for pig used in intensively managed organic production have some important drawbacks in relation to environmental impact (risk of N-leaching and ammonia volatilisation), animal welfare (nose-ringed sows) and workload and management constraints. \n \nWith the starting point in the present experience in such systems, it is argued that there is a need for a radical development of the systems. There is a need to search for systems where the outdoor\/free range systems (for the sake of the livestock) are constructed and managed in a way whereby the livestock at the same time exert a positive influence on other parts of the farming systems. There is evidence that pregnant sows can fulfil their nutritional needs to a large extent by grazing, that co-grazing sows with heifers can diminish the parasite burden of the heifers, and that the pigs' inclination for rooting can be managed in a way that makes ploughing and other heavy land cultivation more or less superfluous. These elements need to be further explored as a basis for future system development.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":2,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1}},"corpusid":55978577,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"34220464","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The lashkars have a very long history in the erstwhile Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan. These lashkars were usually constituted in a short span of time to respond quickly to any deteriorating law and order situation. The participants usually acted as volunteers to settle the disputes and soon dispersed. No doubt, this is the concept of the traditional lashkars that provided a basis for the raising of the peace lashkars. This was an announced or informal strategy of the government to counter militants in the tribal belt.\u00a0 However, some terms like Aman lahkar or Aman lashkar were locally used for the anti-Taliban militias to counter the Taliban in the former FATA. Though the peace lashkars never got any formal name but the government fully supported them by issuing them special permits to keep sophisticated, automatic weapons like AK-47 to combat the militants. The paper investigates the historical perspective behind the formation of the anti-Taliban militias. However, the paper mainly analyse the role of the Anti-Taliban militias in the counterinsurgency and peacebuilding in the erstwhile FATA.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":229541153,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3109030471","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.36902\/rjsser-vol1-iss2-2020(1-6)","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36902\/rjsser-vol1-iss2-2020(1-6)","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Trend analyses are common in several types of climate change studies. In many cases, finding evidence that the trends are different from zero in hydroclimate variables is of particular interest. However, when estimating the confidence interval of a set of hydroclimate stations or gridded data the spatial correlation between can affect the significance assessment using for example traditional non-parametric and parametric methods. For this reason, Monte Carlo simulations are needed in order to generate maps of corrected trend significance. In this article, we determined the significance of trends in aridity, modeled runoff using the Variable Infiltration Capacity Macroscale Hydrological model, Hagreaves potential evapotranspiration (PET) and near-surface temperature in Central America. Linear-regression models were fitted considering that the predictor variable is the time variable (years from 1970 to 1999) and predictand variable corresponds to each of the previously mentioned hydroclimate variables. In order to establish if the temporal trends were significantly different from zero, a Mann Kendall and a Monte Carlo test were used. The spatial correlation was calculated first to correct the variance of each trend. It was assumed in this case that the trends form a spatial stochastic process that can be modeled as such. Results show that the analysis considering the spatial correlation proposed here can be used for identifying those extreme trends. However, a set of variables with strong spatial correlation such as temperature can have robust and widespread significant trends assuming independence, but the vast majority of the stations can still fail the Monte Carlo test. We must be vigilant of the statistically robust changes in key primary parameters such as temperature and precipitation, which are the driving sources of hydrological alterations that may affect social and environmental systems in the future.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":218995991,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3017834511","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/atmos11040427","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4433\/11\/4\/427\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"With a computational model combining large eddy simulation and a discrete element model, detailed quantification of the bed load effects on turbulent open\u2010channel flows is presented. The objective is the revelation of bed load particle impact on the mean flow properties and coherent structures. Two comparative numerical experiments with mobile and immobile beds are conducted. Mean properties (e.g., velocity and Reynolds stress profiles) show good agreement with experimental data. Comparing the mobile and immobile cases, the effective bed position is nearly the same, whereas the equivalent sand roughness is changed. The flow experiences higher bottom shear stress over immobile bed. To quantify impact on turbulent structures, a revised quadrant analysis is performed to calculate four key parameters of ejection and sweep events (duration, maximum shear stress, transported momentum, and period). Results show that the ejection and sweep events have comparable importance in the outer region. However, sweep becomes dominant in the near\u2010wall region. The motion of particles enhances the sweep dominance by breaking up the ejection structures and decreasing their occurrence ratio. The results also suggest that the ejection events are easier to be influenced by the particle motions because they originate from the near\u2010wall region. The duration, maximum shear stress, and transported momentum decrease close to the bed. The period remains relatively constant in the outer region but decreases near the bed. Visualization of the coherent structure reveals that the instantaneous particle motion has strong correlation with the bursting cycle events.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":131626241,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2336182847","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/2015JF003723","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Production-based removal and replacement has been used as a method to improve sow herd performance. Limited data are available as to the reliability of this approach. The purpose of this investigation was to use a retrospective case-control study to assess the success of replacement events when herd productivity was greater or less than the mean for removal events attributed to problems with fertility, fecundity, or old age. For each of 3 herds, 1,000 consecutive sows removed between parities 1 and 6 for reasons of fertility, fecundity, or old age were matched to sows with similar histories that were retained in the herd (controls) and to gilts that were first bred into the herd around the time of the case removal events. Controls and gilts were followed until their next parity or removal event, and the outcome was measured as a standardized calculation of born alive per mated female per year. Herd performance at the time of the case removal events was categorized according to greater or less than the mean for fertility or fecundity on monthly farrowing rates and average piglets born alive per litter. Success of removal\/replacement events were evaluated according to removal reason and contemporary herd performance. A model was developed to estimate production and financial implications of changes to productivity-based culling, using a Monte Carlo simulation with a 1,000-iteration run. Born alive per mated female per year from gilts was greater (P = 0.0001) than from controls in 1 of 3 herds when herd fertility was greater than the mean, 1 of 3 herds when herd fertility was less than the mean (P = 0.0065), 3 of 3 herds when herd fecundity was greater than the mean (P < 0.030), and 2 of 3 herds when herd fecundity was less than the mean (P < 0.020). The financial model sensitivity analysis indicated greater likelihood of economic advantage for a scenario without production-based removals in parities 1 to 6.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":34274634,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2155185208","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-0986","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The thesis presents a novel situationally-aware multimodal spoken language system called Fuse that performs speech understanding for visual object selection. An experimental task was created in which people were asked to refer, using speech alone, to objects arranged on a table top. During training, Fuse acquires a grammar and vocabulary from a \"show-and-tell\" procedure in which visual scenes are paired with verbal descriptions of individual objects. Fuse determines a set of visually salient words and phrases and associates them to a set of visual features. Given a new scene, Fuse uses the acquired knowledge to generate class-based language models conditioned on the objects present in the scene as well as a spatial language model that predicts the occurences of spatial terms conditioned on target and landmark objects. The speech recognizer in Fuse uses a weighted mixture of these language models to search for more likely interpretations of user speech in context of the current scene. During decoding, the weights are updated using a visual attention model which redistributes attention over objects based on partially decoded utterances. The dynamic situationally-aware language models enable Fuse to jointly infer spoken language utterances underlying speech signals as well as the identities of target objects they refer to. In an evaluation of the system, visual situationally-aware language modeling shows significant , more than 30 %, decrease in speech recognition and understanding error rates. The underlying ideas of situation-aware speech understanding that have been developed in Fuse may may be applied in numerous areas including assistive and mobile human-machine interfaces. Thesis Supervisor: Deb K. Roy Title: AT&T Career Development Professor Media Arts and Sciences","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":29256119,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1567011259","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction and Objectives Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, causing community acquired pneumonia (CAP), otitis media, bacterial meningitis and septicemia. Respiratory illnesses are reduced by handwashing, but for pneumococcus, the importance of non-aerosolised modes of spread is unknown. Our objective was to investigate the modes of transmission of S.pneumoniae from the hands to nose that are able to cause colonisation. Methods This study examines \"hand-to-nose\" transmission using a modification of our established controlled human infection model: healthy volunteers were administered pneumococcus (serotype 6B) onto their fingertip or back of their hands in a wet or dry dot, and asked to either sniff the bacterial residue, or make direct contact with the nasal mucosal surface (pick\/poke their nose). Colonisation was defined as pneumococcal culture at any time point between day 2 and 9 post exposure. Results Colonisation rates were highest in those participants who poked their nose with wet pneumococcus ('wet poke group' 4\/10, 40%), and who sniffed the wet bacteria from the back of the hand ('wet sniff group' 3\/10, 30%). Drying of the bacteria on the skin before \"sniff\" or \"poke\" was associated with low colonisation rates (1\/10 and 0\/10 respectively). The 'wet sniff' technique was further investigated to improve precision of rates, extending the group to 33 participants, of which 6 were positive (18%). Conclusion We have shown that hands can be vehicles for transmission of Streptococcus pneumoniae and that wet particles increased transmission. This reinforces the imperative for good hand hygiene especially in populations at risk of invasive pneumococcal disease or pneumonia such as young children, elderly and immunosuppressed people","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":79924388,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2770730715","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2017-210983.261","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/thorax.bmj.com\/content\/thoraxjnl\/72\/Suppl_3\/A147.2.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Using a series of hurdle choice models, this study considers both nay-saying and yeah-saying to alternatives offered in a conjoint experiment. These behaviors are characterized by respondents persistently choosing the no-choice alternative or choosing at least one of the non-empty options offered in a survey. Results show that jointly consider nay-saying and yeah-saying in a two-hurdle model drastically improves model fit; welfare implications based on hurdle models are also different from those based on models without hurdle specification.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":110146107,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2150970804","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Clinical evaluation of the tumors of lower and higher stage is reliable. Accuracy of transvaginal ultrasonography in evaluation and staging of cervical cancer in comparison to MRI volumetry has been revised in our study. 21 patients with cervical cancer finally staged as IA2-IB2 and treated accordingly by laparoscopically assisted lymphadenectomy and trachelectomy, primary radical hysterectomy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical hysterectomy. All patients were evaluated by transvaginal ultrasonography as well as MRI volumetry. Patients were blinded for the examinations. Staging was accurate in 96% of ultrasound exams in comparison with the MRI volumetry. Tumors staged IB1 were distributed into two categories: small tumors less than 2 cm in diameter and bulky tumors more than 2 cm in the largest diameter. Ultrasound results agreed with MRI findings in small tumors less than 2 cm in 100% of cases. The agreement in bulky tumors staged IB1 2\u20134 cm was 87%. Transvaginal ultrasound appears to be a useful method for the pretreatment assessment of small cervical tumors with accuracy close to that of MRI volumetry.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":72289807,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2016096486","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/uog.857","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/uog.857","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper investigates the effect of entrepreneurs' personal income tax situations on the growth rates of their enterprises. We analyze the personal income tax returns of a large number of sole proprietors before and after the Tax Reform Act of 1986 and determine how the substantial reductions in marginal tax rates associated with that law affected the growth of their firms as measured by gross receipts. We find that individual income taxes exert a statistically and quantitatively significant influence on firm growth rates. Raising the sole proprietor's tax price (one minus the marginal tax rate) by 10 percent increases receipts by about 8.4 percent. This finding is consistent with the view that raising income tax rates discourages the growth of small businesses.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":264644208,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"INTRODUCTION\nConstruction workers are at high risk of work-related musculoskeletal back disorders, and research suggests medical care and costs associated with these conditions may be covered by sources other than workers' compensation (WC). Little is known about the back injury experience and care seeking behavior among drywall installers, a high-risk workgroup regularly exposed to repetitive activities, awkward postures, and handling heavy building materials.\n\n\nMETHODS\nAmong a cohort of 24,830 Washington State union carpenters (1989-2008), including 5,073 drywall installers, we identified WC claims, visits for health care covered through union-provided health insurance and time at risk. Rates of work-related overexertion back injuries (defined using WC claims data) and health care utilization for musculoskeletal back disorders covered by private health insurance were examined and contrasted over time and by worker characteristics, stratified by type of work (drywall installation, other carpentry).\n\n\nRESULTS\nDrywall installers' work-related overexertion back injury rates exceeded those of other carpenters (adjusted IRR 1.63, 95% CI 1.48-1.78). For both carpentry groups, rates declined significantly over time. In contrast, rates of private healthcare utilization for musculoskeletal back disorders were similar for drywall installers compared to other carpenters; they increased over time (after the mid-1990s), with increasing years in the union, and with increasing numbers of work-related overexertion back injuries.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nObserved declines over time in the rate of work-related overexertion back injury, as based on WC claims data, is encouraging. However, results add to the growing literature suggesting care for work-related conditions may be being sought outside of the WC system.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":34081790,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1483719163","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22240","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary \n \nRemarkable parallels link the development of varietal mixtures across subsistence farming systems. Mixtures are grown and persist because they prolong harvest and income flow and provide diversity of diet. From our review of research on agronomic and disease aspects of mixtures in modern agriculture, it is also clear that improved stability and decreased disease severity are common features of mixtures relative to their components in monoculture. Such advantages are of value to both modern and subsistence agriculture. However, in the majority of cases, the yield advantage of mixtures is small. Overall, we conclude that varietal mixtures are presently a viable strategy for sustainable productivity in subsistence agriculture, have potential for improvement without sacrifice of diversity, are an important resource for future global food production and may have an expanding role in modern agriculture in situations where qualitative uniformity is not the guiding priority.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":59586290,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2081212732","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1744-7348.1996.TB07096.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, we consider the problem of fault detection (FD) and isolation in the aeration system of an activated sludge process. For this study, the dissolved oxygen in each aerated zone is assumed to be controlled automatically. As the basis for an FD method we use the ratio of air flow rates into different zones. The method is evaluated in two scenarios: using the Benchmark Simulation Model no. 1 (BSM1) by Monte Carlo simulations and using data from a wastewater treatment plant. The FD method shows good results for a correct and early FD and isolation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":5146224,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2285053950","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2015.529","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract \u2014The primary goal of predictive modeling is to achieve high accuracy when the model is applied to novel data. For certain problems this requires the use of complex techniques like neural networks or ensembles, resulting in opaque models that are hard or impossible to interpret. For some domains this is unacceptable, since models need to be comprehensible. To achieve comprehensibility, accuracy is often sacrificed by using simpler techniques; a tradeoff termed the accuracy vs. comprehensibility tradeoff. Another, frequently studied, alternative is rule extraction; i.e. the activity where another, transparent, model is generated from the opaque model. In this paper it is argued that existing rule extraction algorithms do not use all information available, and typically should benefit from also using oracle data; i.e. test set instances, together with corresponding predictions from the opaque model. The experiments, using fifteen publicly available data sets, clearly show that rules extracted using either just oracle data or training data augmented with oracle data, will explain the predictions significantly better than rules extracted in the standard way; i.e. using training data only.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":18524916,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1591588861","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. The subject of this work is modeling and classification of single-bodied wheeled mobile robots\u00a0(WMRs). In the past, it was shown that the kinematics of each such robot can be modeled by one out of only five different generic models. However, the precise conditions under which a model is the proper description of the kinematic capabilities of a robot were not clear. These shortcomings are eliminated in this work, leading to a simple procedure for model selection. Additionally, a thorough analysis of the kinematic models and a classification of their singularities are presented.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":54947246,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2312912597","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/MS-7-93-2016","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"After the Great East Japan Earthquake disaster, it was necessary to build a new energy system that would enable us to be less dependent on nuclear power, as well as reduce carbon dioxide emissions. To accomplish this, it is necessary to consider a new method of energy supply and consumption combined with the promotion of energy conservation and the increased use of natural energy. One example, called \"Smart Community\", has attracted attention. It optimizes a balance between energy supply and demand, and utilizing energy efficiently. The \"Smart Community\" is envisioned as different from the conventional one-way power system currently supplied by electric and fuel companies.In this study, the authors investigate a way to efficiently use photovoltaic (PV) power in an interactive energy system. In the system, PV power is used in homes and factories as an energy source, and in electric vehicles (EV) for transportation and energy storage. The system is a two-way system, and it is important for users to determine which supply and demand method they want. For example, if you choose to include PV power in your electrical power system, there will be the problem of increased DC-AC conversion energy loss. This is due to the re-conversion of AC-DC after DC-AC conversion. In addition, the cost will increase.In order to solve this problem, the authors propose an efficient installation location and space for PV, and an optimized battery capacity for EV with energy consumption. The authors also propose a way to cut down the DC-AC conversion loss. As a result, the system achieved a 30% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions in homes, and reduced costs. In addition, with the increased use of PV, the system also equalized electric-load. The authors also found that the new system improved PV power rate to 90%.Copyright \u00a9 2013 by ASME","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":109528399,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2022524765","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1115\/POWER2013-98137","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Dryland-salinity management options aim to positively influence the adverse human-induced processes which lead to salinisation of top-soil. Specifically, the processes causing dryland-salinity are rising saline groundwater table and soil erosion. In the Avon region of Western Australia, the management options are evaluated solely on the basis of their efficiency in lowering groundwater tables. However, recently the need to take into account also their wider impact on the ecosystems' resilience has been recognised as well. Nevertheless, the tool to assess these impacts is missing. The aim of this thesis is to synthesise the missing tool from existing ecosystem services-based land-use evaluation frameworks, which would fit the environmental issue, regional socio-economic demands and the existing dryland salinity management options' efficiency evaluation framework. The thesis builds on secondary data and describes (i) the environmental issue of dryland salinity in Australia, (ii) the dryland salinity-environmental, economic, social and political environments of the Avon region, and (iii) five chosen evaluation frameworks which assess the impact of land-use on ecosystem resilience. The proposed optimal framework for the Avon region is then a combination of two existent frameworks: (i) ecosystem resilience evaluation framework & (ii) the ecosystem services economic valuation framework. Where the inputs of the proposed optimal framework are: (i) soil properties, (ii) external natural and anthropogenic drivers and (iii) beneficiaries; the transfer phase is represented by the soil processes; and the output of the framework are (i) ecosystem services and (ii) their economically valued benefits.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":126419272,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"282863091","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Apulia has a considerable demand of irrigation water, however high inefficiency levels of the collective water networks force most of the regional farms to use groundwater, with a consequent worsening of its quality, as well as of soil and crops characteristics. Therefore, the use of sustainable supply methodsfor irrigation water is desirable both through improvements of the collective networks and by appropriate economic tools.However, making the correct choices in these matters requires knowledge concerning the effects of the present water supply systems on the economic performance of farms.The objective of this study is to measure and compare the technical efficiency of winegrowing farms in northern Apulia that use different supply systems for irrigation water: groundwater from private wells, irrigation water from collective networks, and irrigation water from both private wells and collective networks. The results enable to understand if and how different supply systems of irrigation water affect the management of productive factors and inputs. These findings also provide useful information for appropriate policies aimed at preserving groundwater and its externalities, as well as at improving the economic performance of Apulian farms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":225307841,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3092205747","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3280\/ecag2-2020oa10410","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Let $X$ be a proper, geodesically complete Hadamard space, and $\\ \\Gamma<\\mbox{Is}(X)$ a discrete subgroup of isometries of $X$ with the fixed point of a rank one isometry of $X$ in its infinite limit set. In this paper we prove that if $\\Gamma$ has non-arithmetic length spectrum, then the Ricks' Bowen-Margulis measure -- which generalizes the well-known Bowen-Margulis measure in the CAT$(-1)$ setting -- is mixing. If in addition the Ricks' Bowen-Margulis measure is finite, then we also have equidistribution of $\\Gamma$-orbit points in $X$, which in particular yields an asymptotic estimate for the orbit counting function of $\\Gamma$. This generalizes well-known facts for non-elementary discrete isometry groups of Hadamard manifolds with pinched negative curvature and proper CAT$(-1)$-spaces.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":52516485,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2994972357","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2140\/tunis.2020.2.791","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1808.03223"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/1808.03223","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"While previous studies have investigated sleep issues in chronic illness and the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), this has not been examined within palliative care. High rates of sleep difficulties have been found in patients receiving palliative care. We aimed to explore the practical feasibility of implementing CBT-I among palliative patients using techniques such as stimulus control therapy, progressive muscle relaxation and guided imagery\/thought blocking. However, issues such as the intervention protocols being relatively labor intensive and time consuming for participants that were receiving palliative care, involving completion of daily diaries and quantitative outcome measures, led to high non-completion rates among participants. Consequently, a shift in methodology was required and a qualitative approach was adopted to explore participants' experiences of sleep disturbance within palliative care. The aim was to gain an in-depth understanding of the specific issues and challenges within palliative care that impacted on sleep. Focus groups were conducted with patients, informal carers and hospice staff who all described how they experienced sleep difficulties. This provided a broader understanding of insomnia from multiple perspectives within palliative care. Furthermore, it helped inform how we will go about designing future studies in CBT-I in palliative care; having illuminated the appropriate adaptions required to current protocols. This case study will discuss the complexities and ethical issues we faced at each stage of the research process and how adopting both quantitative and qualitative approaches helped provide useful insights that will inform future research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":150986535,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2938365567","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4135\/9781529709568","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/strathprints.strath.ac.uk\/67576\/1\/Nabi_etal_SRMC_2019_Overcoming_the_challenges_and_complexities_of_researching_a_vulnerable.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The use of the genetic algorithm as a tool for the automatic synthesis of analog circuits is investigated. The advantages and modifications that can be introduced in the standard genetic algorithm, to improve its performance in this specific application, are discussed. The synthesis of an ideal active low pass filter is used as a test example to emphasize the characteristics and limitations of the genetic algorithm. To improve the simulation time a high level synthesis approach, based on behavioral modeling of the active circuit components, is proposed. The circuit coding is based on the use of adjacency matrices in order to reduce the number of \"non-simulable\" circuits.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2014-10":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":33740865,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2152373779","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/SBRN.2000.889721","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this note, we prove the existence of a tri-graded Khovanov-type bicomplex (Theorem 1.2). The graded Euler characteristic of the total complex associated with this bicomplex is the colored Jones polynomial of a link. The first grading of the bicomplex is a homological one derived from cabling of the link (i.e., replacing a strand of the link with several parallel strands); the second grading is related to the homological grading of ordinary Khovanov homology; finally, the third grading is preserved by the differentials, and corresponds to the degree of the variable in the colored Jones polynomial. In particular, we introduce a way to take a small cabling link diagram directly from a big cabling link diagram (Theorem 3.2). This is a refined version of arXiv:0907.5247.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":123774438,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3016664224","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4064\/bc103-0-5","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2004.08181"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2004.08181","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This work introduces a wideband switched beam system for femtocell 5G base stations. The system consists of a 4 \u00d7 1 Vivaldi linear array and a 4 \u00d7 4 Butler matrix able to operate from 1.9\u20135.1 GHz. A soft surface is introduced along the outer edges of the vivaldi elements of the array for side lobes and back radiation suppression.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":41110878,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2767046378","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/APUSNCURSINRSM.2017.8072507","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A baseline-free methodology utilizing ultrasonic guided waves based on adjacent signal difference coefficients (ASDC) is developed for fatigue cracks detection in orthotropic steel deck in this paper. The crack detection tests are conducted on a test orthotropic steel deck with cracks added under welded stiffeners in advance. Two different cases, i.e. the crack far away from the floorbeam and the crack under the intersection of longitudinal trapezoidal rib and floorbeam have been tested. Locations and lengths of fatigue cracks can be obtained from the adjacent signal difference coefficients. The results show that the proposed baseline-free ultrasonic guided wave method detects and estimates the locations and lengths of the cracks correctly for all cases. This indicates that the proposed baseline-free fatigue crack detection approach has the potential to be applied to the crack detection in actual orthotropic steel decks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":209766494,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2986972516","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.12783\/shm2019\/32327","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We introduce in this survey the major concepts, models, and algorithms proposed so far to infer causal relations from observational time series, a task usually referred to as causal discovery in time series. To do so, after a description of the underlying concepts and modelling assumptions, we present different methods according to the family of approaches they belong to: Granger causality, constraint-based approaches, noise-based approaches, score-based approaches, logic-based approaches, topology-based approaches, and difference-based approaches. We then evaluate several representative methods to illustrate the behaviour of different families of approaches. This illustration is conducted on both artificial and real datasets, with different characteristics. The main conclusions one can draw from this survey is that causal discovery in times series is an active research field in which new methods (in every family of approaches) are regularly proposed, and that no family or method stands out in all situations. Indeed, they all rely on assumptions that may or may not be appropriate for a particular dataset.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":247213389,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1613\/jair.1.13428","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","url":"https:\/\/www.jair.org\/index.php\/jair\/article\/download\/13428\/26775","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Retinal imaging is widely used to diagnose and monitor eye-specific pathologies as well as some systemic diseases. Registering retinal images is crucial to compare the relevant structures within the eye. In this work, we propose a deep learning-based method to register color fundus images using domain-specific landmarks. We employ a deep neural network to detect bifurcations and crossovers of the retinal arterio-venous vessel tree. Then, these keypoints are directly matched using RANSAC. Our method was tested using the public FIRE dataset obtaining a registration score of 0.657, which is comparable to the best state of the art methods although our proposal is comparably much faster. Furthermore, our method improves the results of the state of the art deep learning methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":256980968,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.29007\/lmk4","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/easychair.org\/publications\/open\/dZKs","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The current Coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic has affected many universities' orientation as well as study programs. While some are still contemplating whether to open their doors for F2F studies, others face the challenge of fewer students enrolling due to travel restrictions. The University of the South Pacific (USP) will face a different kind of challenge. USP is a regional university co-owned by twelve South Pacific countries. Campuses and sub-campuses are situated in all these countries. Usually, orientation programmes are held at all campuses, but the majority of students travel early to USP's main campus in Fiji for the orientation program. Due to Covid-19, students' travel will be restricted, and the orientation programme will be a very small-scale event this year. Additionally, due to delays in Year 13 external examinations for one of its member countries (Fiji), USP will be forced to begin Semester One later. This means more than 3000 provisional students will have to wait for the University to begin in late March instead of the usual mid-February start. To keep these potential students engaged for close to two months, USP initiated an online orientation programme called \"\"Semester Zero.\"\" The aim of the programme is to introduce these potential new students to USP using a Moodle platform instead of a traditional F2F orientation program, while at the same time incorporating basic numeracy, literacy, and digital skills necessary for new students. \/\/ This paper shares the planning, designing, and feedback from students about this program. Semester Zero employs technology and innovations that have a low carbon footprint.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":253051493,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.56059\/pcf10.3941","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYSA","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.56059\/pcf10.3941","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper examines whether homebuilders take advantage of their local market power by setting higher prices for new units they are selling in the neighbourhood. By virtue of the size of their new developments, homebuilders can often dominate the supply of housing units available for sale in a vicinity. Based on a sample of 854 new private housing developments launched in Singapore between 2003 and 2012, a new development, on average, supplies 44% of the total stock of new unsold housing units in the district. The regression results further show a positive and significant relationship between the market power and the prices of units in the development, which is robust even after controlling for the reputation of the homebuilders. This is consistent with the notion that homebuilders take advantage of their domineering position in the local housing market by setting higher prices. We also observe that homebuilders with strong market power took a longer time to sell their units. The combined findings suggests that homebuilders with strong market power take their time to sell the new units at higher prices.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":169921192,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2888815687","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15396\/eres2018_113","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ivars Peterson has come up with another itinerary of Mathland - where the habitat is mysterious and the inhabitants fascinating. He explores uncharted islands, introducing strange vibrations in the shadows of chaos, new twists in knot physics, and the straight side of circles. The tour is enjoyable to experienced travellers and first-time tourists alike. Peterson, a journalist with Science News, makes the arcane intelligible by interpreting mathematics into engaging prose.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":193275155,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"381320513","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5860\/choice.28-3338","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Drilling-induced delamination is an inter-ply failure phenomenon and has been recognized as the most common defect during drilling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites. In the present work, an attempt has been made to study the influence of process parameters (spindle speed, feed rate, point angle and drill diameter) on delamination in drilling of uni-directional carbon fiber reinforced polymer (UD CFRP) composite using high speed steel (HSS) and titanium nitride (TiN) coated solid carbide drills. Taguchi L27 orthogonal array is employed for investigating the effects of process parameters on delamination. The genetic algorithm optimized multi-layered perceptron neural network (GA-MLPNN) and response surface methodology (RSM) are used for predicting drilling-induced delamination. The experimentally determined mechanical properties of UD CFRP composite are validated by using finite element method (FEM). The investigation shows that the experimental and the FEM validated results of mechanical properties are in good agreement. The results indicate that drill diameter has a significant influence on delamination, followed by spindle speed and feed rate. It is evident from the study that the TiN coated solid carbide drills are the preferred choice than HSS drills in reducing the drilling-induced delamination","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":137717696,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2302696799","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The synergy between exploration and exploitation has been a prominent issue in optimization. The rise of memetic algorithms, a category of optimization techniques which feature the explicit exploration-exploitation coordination, much accentuates this issue. While memetic algorithms have achieved remarkable success in a wide range of real-world applications, the key to successful exploration-exploitation synergies still remains obscure as conclusions drawn from empirical results or theoretical derivations are usually quite algorithm specific and\/or problem dependent. This paper aims to provide a theoretical model that can depict the collaboration between global search and local search in memetic computation on a broad class of objective functions. In the proposed model, the interaction between global search and local search creates a set of local search zones, in which the global optimal points reside, within the search space. Based on such a concept, the quasi-basin class (QBC) which categorizes problems according to the distribution of their local search zones is adopted. The subthreshold seeker, taken as a representative archetype of memetic algorithms, is analyzed on various QBCs to develop a general model for memetic algorithms. As the proposed model not only well describes the expected time for a simple memetic algorithm to find the optimal point on different QBCs but also consists with the observations made in previous studies in the literature, the proposed model may reveal important insights to the design of memetic algorithms in general.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":10250883,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2122102648","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TEVC.2011.2150754","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Over the past three decades, the population of international students throughout the world has steadily increased. Although university students choose to study in locations other than their home country for a variety of reasons, including professional development and disciplinary training, nearly all education abroad programs have intercultural learning as a central goal. In this Element, perspectives derived from cross-cultural psychological research are applied to an investigation of the effectiveness of study abroad as a mechanism for intercultural learning. Effectiveness is broadly defined and includes not only overall favorable program outcomes, such as gains in intercultural skills, knowledge, attitudes, and awareness, but also a recognition that study abroad experiences and outcomes may vary depending upon participants' diverse and intersectional identities. Best practices for facilitating intercultural learning through study abroad are identified and strategies are outlined for addressing the methodological challenges of research in this area.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":248330339,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/9781009127011","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract An experimental and numerical study of the evolution of frequency spectra of dispersive focusing wave groups in a two-dimensional wave tank is presented. Investigations of both non-breaking and breaking wave groups are performed. It is found that dispersive focusing is far more than linear superposition, and that it undergoes strongly nonlinear processes. For non-breaking wave groups, as the wave groups propagate spatial evolution of wave frequency spectra, spectral bandwidth, surface elevation skewness, and kurtosis are examined. Nonlinear energy transfer between the above-peak ($f\/ {f}_{p} = 1. 2{{\\ndash}}1. 5$) and the higher-frequency ($f\/ {f}_{p} = 1. 5\\text{{\\ndash}} 2. 5$) regions, with ${f}_{p} $ being the spectral peak frequency, is demonstrated by tracking the energy level of the components in the focusing and defocusing process. Also shown is the nonlinear energy transfer to the lower-frequency components that cannot be detected easily by direct comparisons of the far upstream and downstream measurements. Energy dissipation in the spectral peak region ($f\/ {f}_{p} = 0. 9\\text{{\\ndash}} 1. 1$) and the energy gain in the higher-frequency region ($f\/ {f}_{p} = 1. 5\\text{{\\ndash}} 2. 5$) are quantified, and exhibit a dependence on the Benjamin\u2013Feir Index (BFI). In the presence of wave breaking, the spectral bandwidth reduces as much as 40 % immediately following breaking and eventually becomes much smaller than its initial level. Energy levels in different frequency regions are examined. It is found that, before wave breaking onset, a large amount of energy is transferred from the above-peak region ($f\/ {f}_{p} = 1. 2\\text{{\\ndash}} 1. 5$) to the higher frequencies ($f\/ {f}_{p} = 1. 5\\text{{\\ndash}} 2. 5$), where energy is dissipated during the breaking events. It is demonstrated that the energy gain in the lower-frequency region is at least partially due to nonlinear energy transfer prior to wave breaking and that wave breaking may not necessarily increase the energy in this region. Complementary numerical studies for breaking waves are conducted using an eddy viscosity model previously developed by the current authors. It is demonstrated that the predicted spectral change after breaking agrees well with the experimental measurements.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":125027573,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2320192249","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/jfm.2011.371","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Previous research on foreign language classroom participation has shown that oral production has a privileged status compared to less salient forms of participation, such as mental involvement and engagement in class activities. This mixed-methods study presents an alternative look at classroom participation by investigating the relationship between second language (L2) thoughts and L2 speech in German as a foreign language learners in a language program in the United States. At four points during an academic semester, 16 students answered an in-class survey that aimed at recording students' estimations of how much of their thoughts had been formulated in the L2 and how much of their speech had been articulated in the L2. A small subset of these students participated in individual stimulated recall interviews to gather their own reflections on their thought processes and L2 speech production. Results show that students' L2 speech production is conditioned by a complex interplay of variables, which results in a mismatch between self-reported L2 thoughts and L2 speech. Several explanations derived from interview data are offered to account for this divergence, such as motivational tendencies, misperceptions of L2 use, the production of rehearsed speech, metalinguistic thoughts in the first language, and conceptions of silence as a valid form of participation. Pedagogical implications are discu","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":148211054,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2413031029","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/FLAN.12200","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) is a member of the Bunyaviridae family, Orthobunyavirus genus, California serogroup. Replication and, ultimately, assembly and packaging rely on the process of encapsidation. Therefore, the ability of viral RNAs (vRNAs) (genomic and antigenomic) to interact with the nucleocapsid protein (N protein) and the location of this binding domain on the RNAs are of interest. The questions to be addressed are the following. Where is the binding domain located on both the vRNA and cRNA strands, is this RNA bound when double or single stranded, and does this identified region have the ability to transform the binding potential of nonviral RNA? Full-length viral and complementary S segment RNA, as well as 3\u2032 deletion mutants of both vRNA and cRNA, nonviral RNA, and hybrid viral\/nonviral RNA, were analyzed for their ability to interact with bacterially expressed JCV N protein. RNA-nucleocapsid interactions were examined by UV cross-linking, filter binding assays, and the generation of hybrid RNA to help define the area responsible for RNA-protein binding. The assays identified the region responsible for binding to the nucleocapsid as being contained within the 5\u2032 half of both the genomic and antigenomic RNAs. This region, if placed within nonviral RNA, is capable of altering the binding potential of nonviral RNA to levels seen with wild-type vRNAs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":24135905,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2100846228","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01492-07","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Process models are the basis for a wide range of critical activities within an organisation. It is not surprising then that process models, and the act of process modelling, have been the focus of much research over the last two decades. Recent research indicates, however, that common process modelling notations lack sufficient representation for capturing business rules. Although the need for business processes and business rules to be modelled in an integrated manner is well established, the body of knowledge on integrated modelling of the two is limited. In this paper our aim is to review the state of related research and develop a research agenda, based on a systematic review of related literature, to advance research in this field. We present a consolidated view of the benefits of rule and process model integration, together with an overview of current related approaches, and a research agenda going forward.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":55989388,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1555075889","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Object classification needs to address not only the changes resulting from various viewpoints but also the different shapes that can be classified into the same category. We present a new framework and its implementation for generic object classification from raw range images, combining structural and functional concepts. The framework addresses low and mid level problems for the decomposition of range images into primitive shape parts, presenting concepts for the classification of shape parts, and calculation of part properties and relations. New concepts are described, addressing the different aspects of generic class descriptions by functional parts. A mapping of functionality (and functional parts) to the primitive shape parts is presented, introducing functional part recognizers. Our approach mainly supports a top-level recognition process in which classes are verified using a verification tree in which functional parts and their realization hypotheses are explored. An algorithm for an effective traversing of the verification tree is presented, in which probabilities of hypotheses and classes are estimated. An experimental system applying our classification concepts to several classes was implemented and tested on a database of real raw range images of objects.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":8592863,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2154023067","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TDPVT.2002.1024133","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":": The report deals with the studies of lipid profile of blood serum and alpha-lipoproteins in 59 cases of epithelial ovarian tumors as well as the effects of surgery and chemotherapy on the serum levels of major lipids. Triglyceride and phospholipid levels In the serum of cancer patients appeared to be much higher than in healthy controls. Serum lipid distribution patterns were normal in patients with benign tumors of ovaries. Serum levels of total cholesterol and alpha-lipoprotein phospholipids in cancer patients were much lower than in healthy controls thus pointing to a considerably decreased level of this fraction of lipoproteins. Surgery was shown to be followed by a noticeable rise in triglyceride levels and a decrease in serum phospholipid concentration in cancer patients. Post-operative polychemotherapy was followed by reversed changes in triglyceride and phospholipid concentrations. It was found that polychemotherapy is not an important factor affecting the serum level of alpha-lipoproteins in untreated patients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":77535571,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2430226857","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Wilson Journal of Ornithology recognizes the importance of the current ornithological literature to our science. This is why we publish a book reviews section\u2014to let colleagues know of the publication of important works in ornithology. We are looking for reviewers willing to write for this section of the WJO. If you are interested in signing up to receive review assignments, or if you are eager to write a review of a particular book that has excited your imagination, please let the Book Review Editor know by email. We cannot have a Reviews section without your participation! Also, WJO is looking for a future Book Review editor, who will train with Bruce Beehler for 12 months and then take over, assuming the role is found suitable and of interest. Please contact Bruce Beehler, Book Review Editor, email: email@example.com.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":262838067,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1676\/1559-4491-131.4.856","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is widely used in solvents, fuels, monomers, and synthesis. The inorganic anions in DMC always have a big impact on product performance. Herein, improvement in the performance of the conventional column-switching technique and on-line elimination pretreatment system was achieved to automatically determine trace anions in DMC. In this study, a pretreatment column was applied to eliminate the DMC matrix on-line, and target anions were eluted from the pretreatment column and retained in the concentrator column. The collected anions were eventually separated in the analytical column using the column-switching technique. Eluent containing 100% acetonitrile was used to wash out DMC and regenerate the pretreatment column at the same time. A type of water-soluble solvent was added to the DMC samples before injection to help improve their solubility in the eluent, which was subsequently removed by extending the collection time in the concentration procedure. This method shows satisfactory linearity (R2 \u2265 0.9977) in the range of 0.1\u20138.0 mg L\u22121. The detection limit based on the signal-to-noise ratio of 3 (S\/N = 3) is 2.79\u20135.66 \u03bcg L\u22121. The recovery rate for the anions is 85.09\u201399.07%. Good reproducibility was obtained with relative standard deviations less than 4.03% by injecting standard solutions 6 times.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":100007659,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2605454331","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C7AY00906B","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In my first PhD year I participated in a helicopter expedition undertaking an ecological and limnogeological survey of 14 thermokarst lakes along a north-south transect (73\u00b0-69\u00b0N) along the western side of the lower Lena river. The aim is to reconstruct the Holocene palaeoenvironmental history of north-east Siberia using diatoms combined with sediment-geochemical features.The poster presents sedimentological aspects from the study of El'gene Kyuele (71\u00b018,04' N, 125\u00b034,15' E, length 2.9 km, width 0.5 km, max. water depth >5 m). The lake is about 50 km north of the present treeline and is built by thermokarst processes of the surrounded deeply loesslike Yedoma sediments. To gain informations about the sediment source and the influence of erosion geochemical and grain-size studies were conducted on El'gene Kyuele sediment core PG1975-1 (core length 136 cm, basal age 6792 \u00b1 30 14C years BP). Downcore elemental composition of PG1975-1 have been analysed using an Avaatech XRF Core Scanner at AWI Bremerhaven. In this study we apply XRF data (Sr\/Rb, Zr) as a grain-size proxy. For correlation of the downcore elemental composition to silt and clay content grain-size is currently under examination using a Laser Diffraction Particle Analyser at AWI Potsdam. Due to PG1975-1 not containing any diatoms for unknown reasons other sediment cores from transect lakes (PG1972-1 and PG1984), providing divers diatom flora, are brought into the PhD project. Additionally we plan a follow-on expedition (Lena 2010) to retrieve sediment cores from Lake El'gene Kyuele and the newly selected Lake Ozero Kyutyunda which is 25 km north-west from the side of PG1984 providing sediment material for comparative palaeolimnological research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":127302591,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"141942770","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Magnesium alloys have been increasingly used in the automobile, aerospace and communication industries due to their low density, high strength to weight ratio, good impact resistance and castability. Magnesium alloys, previously not used in load bearing components and structural parts are strongly being considered for use in such applications. Impact events in vehicles and airplanes as well as developments in weaponry and high speed metal working are all characterized by high rates of loading. Understanding of the dynamic behaviour of materials is critical for proper design and use in different applications. In the current study, a cast magnesium alloy AZ91D has been investigated at quasi-static and higher strain rates in the range between 300 s-1 and 1500 s-1. The INSTRON machine was used to perform the quasi-static tests. High strain rate tests have been performed using the Split Hopkinson Tensile Bar (SHTB), a very useful and widely used tool to study the dynamic behaviour of variety of engineering materials. The results of a tensile testing indicate that the tensile properties including yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and the elongation at fracture (Ef) are affected by the strain rate variation. Higher stresses are associated with higher strain rates. The alloy AZ91D displays approximately 45% higher tensile stresses at an average strain rate of approximately 1215\/s than at quasi-static strain rate. The dependence of the yield stress and tensile strength on the strain rate in the range of high strain rate above 1000 s-1 is larger than that at lower strain rates. The alloy AZ91D is observed to be more strain rate sensitive for strain rate higher than 1000 s-1. A decrease in the strain rate sensitivity is also observed with the increasing strain in the specimen. It is observed that the hardening behaviour of the alloy is affected with increasing the strain rate. At high strain rates, the fracture of magnesium alloy AZ91D tends to transit from ductile to brittle.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":111128059,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2098351749","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.24-25.325","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpous of this master's thesis is to explore how the swedish public library evolved between 1890-1911, before the state implemented the library reform in 1912. The material used to cunduct the study concists mainly of texts published during the time frame of the thesis in the form of books, booklets and articles from Folkbiblioteksbladet, a journal dedicated to the subject of the swedish public library.Drawing upon Habermas theory of the structural transformation of the public sphere and Bourdieus theories about taste as social distinction and symbolic capital, the thesis seeks to show how the public participated in the evolvement of the public library and which aspects of society that contributed to the public library's establishment as an institution. The findings are also discussed in relation to previous research of the history of the Swedish public library. In summary, the study shows that the public library evolved as part of a larger aim to educate the masses with help from what was seen as \"good\" litterature. It also shows that even though the higher classes decided the premisses for public education and the public library, some of the ideas were shared by the working class despite their different political goals.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":153233479,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"777164634","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The primary aim of this study was to identify how education and training can transfer to practice and benefit patients (through improved clinical effectiveness, patient safety, and patient experience). This is of interest both nationally and internationally within health and social care service delivery. It adds to the knowledge base, both theoretically and practically, by providing an evidenced based model of how educational resources targeted at staff can be facilitated to benefit patients. The amount of evidence identified in our research has exploded the myth that demonstrating the link between staff education and patient outcomes is too challenging to pursue.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":202266133,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2968818463","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT \nCakra TV is one of local TV's in Semarang.. In fact, television is one of the popular communication channel for the public to get information. Various roles are run by television such as providing information, entertainment, social control, and others. Local television had the additional role as strengthening cultural identity to strengthen nationalism. \nThere are five local TV stations in Semarang, so need a marketing strategy for Cakra TV to attract the attention of the audience. In addition to a varied program broadcast, cakra TV also made \"Cakra Dolan Salatiga 2012\" to increase public knowledge about this station and interact more closely with the community Salatiga. \nSalatiga chosen because in terms of access to the public media, Salatiga almost the same in the use of media as a source of compliance information. Salatiga also a transit city that connects Semarang and Solo. Activities undertaken Cakra Dolan Salatiga 2012 this includes a healthy and mobile karaoke. The scope of the Business Manager is determined by who the client and the client's wishes. In this event, the client is the Cakra Semarang TV with his desire increasing awareness among the public in Salatiga. Furthermore, students as organizers did breakdown the strengths and weaknesses of the client. The advantages of our clients is a medium, which has a variety of local television programs. Disadvantages of our clients are not having the funds to menyelenggarakann tactical event of this kind, so that funding should be sought through the sponsorship program. \nIn general, task manager bussiness is to raise funds, in cooperation with the sponsorship, making LPJ for sponsorship that will, and making financial reports. All activities are conducted's knowledge and permission of the client, the Cakra Semarang TV so there are no misunderstandings relating to the process of fund raising which can damage organizers cooperation with clients, client relationship- target audience damaging, as well as prospective corporate-client relationship giving sponsorship. Integrated Marketing Communication (IMC) or integrated marketing communication can be defined as a process that has crossed function in maintaining mutually beneficial relationships with customers and other stakeholders. Event is a tool or instrument in the concept of Public Relations and Publications effective to reach the target audience of a company or organization. \nKeywords : local television station, awareness, financial support, event","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2024-22":1}},"corpusid":151065624,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"154723131","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background Temperature is an important factor that influences the biology and ecology of intermediate host (IH) snails and the schistosome parasites they transmit. Although temperature shifts due to climate change has been predicted to affect the life history traits of IH snails and parasite production, the mechanisms of how this may affect parasite abundance and disease risks are still not clear. Materials and methods Using data from laboratory and field experiments, we developed a deterministic compartmental simulation model based on difference equations using a weekly time step that represented the life cycle of Bulinus globosus. We simulated snail population dynamics and the associated production of cercariae assuming current environmental temperatures as well as projected temperature increases of 1 \u00b0C and 2 \u00b0C. Results The model generated snail fecundity and survival rates similar to those observed in the laboratory and also produced reasonable snail population dynamics under seasonally varying temperatures representative of generally favorable environmental conditions. Simulated relative abundances of both snails and cercariae decreased with increasing environmental temperatures, with maximum snail abundances decreased by 14% and 27%, and maximum cercariae productions decreased by 8% and 17%, when temperatures were increased by 1 \u00b0C and 2 \u00b0C, respectively. Conclusion The results indicate that future rise in temperature due to climate change may alter the abundance of B. globosus and impact on the prevalence of schistosomiasis. Furthermore, increased temperatures may not linearly influence the abundance of S. haematobium. These results may have important implications for schistosomiasis control programmes in view of temperature driven changes in the life history traits of B. globosus and S. haematobium. Our study recommends that the use of deterministic models incorporating the effects of temperature on the life history traits of IH snails would be vital in understanding the potential impact of climate change on schistosomiasis incidences and prevalence.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":51904376,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2887035442","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006651","PubMedCentral":"6071958","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosntds\/article\/file?id=10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006651&type=printable","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This essay strikes new paths for investigating the politics of translation and the (non-) universality of the concept of \"human rights\" by engaging them in a critical dialogue. Part I of my essay argues that a truly universal concept would have available linguistic equivalents in all languages. On this basis, I develop translation into a tool for disproving the claim that the concept human rights is universal. An inaccurate claim to universality could be made to look valid, however, if one culture dominates over others, and manages to impose its own concepts and exclude competitors. Part II explores how human rights, initially a modern Western concept, became more and more universalized as a result of the global reach of Western political and economic power. I attempt to shed new light on the subject by investigating the role of translation in bringing about the global hegemony of Western legal and political languages and concepts. Since translation always involves a choice of foregrounding one of the two languages and cultures involved, the translator is a power broker who can promote one voice at the expense of the other. My examples for conducting this investigation are the key contributions made by China and the West to the drafting of the UDHR: with ren and rights representing respectively the West and China's proposed solutions to crimes against humanity in the immediate aftermath of World War II. While the concept rights became increasingly assimilated into the Chinese language along with her repeated defeats by colonial powers (and was already firmly established in the Chinese vocabulary by the time of the drafting of the UDHR), ren by contrast has never been included by any Western language and culture.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":145801897,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2117972677","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Stochastic texture images representing various foil materials (like polymer sheets, nonwoven textiles and paper) provide important information about these materials, and are frequently utilized in industry. It is often difficult to objectively measure the similarity among those images, or to discriminate images of different types of materials. This work proposes a new multi-resolution method for texture image discrimination and similarity matching. The wavelet transform is used to represent the images in multiple resolutions, and to describe them in terms of their orientation and gray-level distributions. It is also proposed a multi-resolution similarity measure based on this representation. Finally, some experiments illustrate the performance of our method, and some conclusions are presented.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":40810417,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2127609209","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/SIBGRA.2000.883911","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Environmental quality is closely related to people's health and has always been a research hotspot. In this paper, the daily average values of PM2.5 are predicted by atmospheric data such as NO2 and PM10 in Changsha City in 2017, and the BIC criterion is used for feature selection. On the basis of the traditional over-limit learning machine (ELM), the regularization term is introduced to control the complexity of the model, and the input layer weight matrix and the hidden layer threshold matrix of the model are optimized by genetic algorithm (GA) to establish the genetic algorithm. Then the PM2.5 prediction model of the regularized limit learning machine (GA-RE-ELM) is built, the experiment shows that the model achieves more state of the art performance than the BP neural network and the over-limit learning machine, the mean square error is reduced by 35.09% and 25.49%, the average absolute error is reduced by 40.86% and 30.80%, and the average absolute percentage error is reduced by 45.49% and 31.65%. Meanwhile, it provides a new method for predicting PM2.5 concentration.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":215743100,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper describes the design and development of a 5 kW, 150 rpm, air-cored, axial flux generator for use as a direct drive generator with small wind and water turbines. The generator uses trapezoidal shaped magnets to obtain a greater active length than that provided by circular magnets. The armature coils are also trapezoidal. A prototype generator has been tested and produces up to 5000 W at 150 rpm with an electrical efficiency substantially greater than 90%. The generator performs as predicted by the design process. The paper also describes how the generator can be used to control turbine speed in strong winds. This is achieved by introducing an additional resistive dump load on the electrical output of the generator; this stalls the turbine as it approaches rated speed. If the dumps load is applied and then released, the generator can be kept within its rated power limit. A vertical axis wind turbine and axial flux generator are modeled to examine the speed control system. It is found that when the turbine is subjected to a turbulent wind, the speed control mechanism performs as expected. Practical test has verified the simulation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":28794266,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2100927013","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICELMACH.2008.4799855","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper is a preliminary report of using Straight Wire Appliance (SWA) in orthodontic practice in our school since 1989. Thirty finished cases including malocclusion, extraction mode, treatment sequence and time and the outcome, of treatment were analysed. Discussion of the problems concerning arch wire and correction of deep overbite was made. The authors confirm that SWA is a simple and effective type of appliance and it is easily to popularize in orthodontic practice in our country.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":29498958,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Monitoring the resources of distributed systems is essential to the successful deployment and execution of grid applications, particularly when such applications have well-defined QoS requirements. The dproc system-level monitoring mechanisms implemented for standard Linux kernels have several key components. First, utilizing the familiar \/proc filesystem, dproc extends this interface with resource information collected from both local and remote hosts. Second, to predictably capture and distribute monitoring information, dproc uses a kernel-level group communication facility, termed KECho, which is based on events and event channels. Third and the focus of this paper is dproc's run-time customizability for resource monitoring, which includes the generation and deployment of monitoring functionality within remote operating system kernels. Using dproc, we show that: (a) data streams can be customized according to a client's resource availabilities (dynamic stream management); (b) by dynamically varying distributed monitoring (dynamic filtering of monitoring information), appropriate balance can be maintained between monitoring overheads and application quality; and (c) by performing monitoring at kernel-level, the information captured enables decision making that takes into account the multiple resources used by applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":2,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":16017954,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2122681248","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/HPDC.2003.1210034","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Total quality management (TQM) promises much for service industries yet it has been little used in European healthcare. Of those hospitals and services which have implemented TQM, few have had great success and many have found difficulties sustaining their programmes. This paper defines TQM in healthcare and considers examples and results of TQM in European healthcare. It distinguishes between team projects using TQM methods and organization\u2010wide TQM programmes, and finds more evidence for the success of projects than for programmes. The paper discusses whether the differences between healthcare and many other industries explain the mixed results, and considers the prospects for future TQM programmes in European healthcare.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":72970523,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2094993906","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1108\/09526860010319523","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Blockchain is a potentially disruptive and game-changing technology that has created excitement about its potential applications. The agriculture industry in New Zealand is facing increased pressure to be able to accurately track and trace their produce in order to provide higher levels of proof to their customers. This study used a q-methodology approach to examine whether blockchain technology can be the solution to these issues and provides recommendations as to what businesses need to in order to make this a reality. The empirical research revealed four distinct groups within the industry; each with different perspectives of blockchain and its potential. Results also found that while industry experts believe blockchain implementation is inevitable and it will solve the current issues, factors such as high set-up costs and the complexity of technology may be inhibitors. Based on these findings, key recommendations on how the industry should proceed in order to overcome these factors that are preventing adoption are derived. Further research is suggested on how the challenges of food safety and security may be overcome with emerging technologies such as Blockchain, IoT and AI.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":249579861,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To the Editor:\u2014 InThe Journal, October 2, I read with interest your editorial on infectious jaundice. I thought it might be well to report from Hawaii. In January 1928 a young Japanese man died of the disease in the sugar plantation hospital of which I have charge. Since then, I have had more than forty cases. Since 1936 the diagnosis has been made from clinical symptoms alone. During 1936, a parasitologist, J. E. Alicata, Ph.D., from the United States Public Health Service, was on our island investigating trichinosis and I asked him to come out to our plantation and try to demonstrate the leptospira of infectious jaundice in a case I had at the time. He succeeded in doing so, and this was the first time the organism was demonstrated on these islands. I wrote on the subject for our county society and since that time have been trying","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":71911996,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2034340384","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/JAMA.1938.02790030060022","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The texture of the road surface has a major influence on the generation of tyre\/road noise. For dense surfaces this may be the most important factor besides the tyre characteristics themselves. Throughout several projects, SINTEF has performed measurements of the tyre\/road noise of a wide range of passenger car tyres on different types of road surfaces. These road surfaces are both normally used road surfaces in Norway and road surfaces on test areas. In this paper, some results from the analysis of the relationship between the texture levels and the tyre\/road noise levels are presented. In previous investigations it has been found that there is a positive correlation between texture levels at longer wavelengths (like 20\u2013200 mm) and the noise levels, while there is a negative correlation between texture levels at shorter wavelengths (below 8 mm) and the noise levels. In our analysis, the former is confirmed and the latter is found true for some data sets, but not for others. The analysis also shows that the noise from different tyres has a similar relationship with texture, even if the overall noise levels differ.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":4234401,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2489943328","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This dissertation examined the acculturation experiences of Chinese international students attending liberal arts colleges. Through the dissemination of questionnaires and by facilitating focus groups and interviews with students, faculty, and staff, I was able to understand what Chinese students struggled with and where they succeeded at different intervals of their college experiences. Interactions with students highlighted the importance of certain academic and social programs. Interviews with faculty and staff revealed the institutional perspective of the increased enrollment of Chinese students, their perceptions of the acculturation experience for these students, and the programs they thought were most helpful. Additionally, analysis of campus websites offered insight into campus programming targeted at international students.Although the Chinese students did not experience severe acculturative stress, many struggled with homesickness, the language barrier, academic adjustment, and engaging meaningfully with Americans. Students revealed that faculty, friends, and international programming professionals, in that order, were the most supportive people in their experiences. Faculty tended to have incomplete perceptions of Chinese students' struggles with acculturation because their interactions with students were limited. Whereas the Chinese students said that homesickness was the most pervasive component of acculturative stress, faculty cited the language barrier, rarely mentioning homesickness. While professionals in international programming understood more about what the Chinese students struggled with, they were not always attuned to student perceptions of campus social programming. Chinese students did participate in some events and practical workshops planned by their international programming offices, but they generally chose to participate in broader campus activities in order to engage with a wider population. The dissertation examined these issues and reveals several ways in which the experiences of international Chinese students on liberal arts campuses can be improved. Implications for educational leaders and recommendations for other liberal arts colleges are also address","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":152753504,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"956839268","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Voyager observations suggest that three of Neptune's major cloud features oscillate in latitude by 2\ufffd to 4\ufffd and that two of them simultaneously oscillate in longitude by 7.8\ufffd and 98\ufffd about their mean drift longitudes. The observations define most convincingly the two orthogonal oscillations of the second dark spot (near 53\ufffd south). These oscillations have similar periods near 800 hours and approximately satisfy a simple advective model in which a latitudinal oscillation produces a phase-shifted longitudinal oscillation proportional to the local wind shear. The latitudinal motion of the Great Dark Spot can be fit with an oscillation period of about 2550 hours, whereas its dominant longitudinal motion, if oscillatory at all, has such a long period that it is not well constrained by the Voyager data.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":27306559,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2048443594","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1126\/science.254.5032.684","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The upheavals of recent decades show us that traditional models of understanding processes of social and economic change are failing to capture real-world risk and volatility. This has resulted in flawed policy that seeks to capture change in terms of the rise or decline of regimes or regions. In order to comprehend current events, understand future risks and decide how to prepare for them, we need to consider economies and social orders as open, complex networks. This highly original work uses the tools of network analysis to understand great transitions in history, particularly those concerning economic development and globalisation. Hilton L. Root shifts attention away from particular agents \u2013 whether individuals, groups, nations or policy interventions \u2013 and toward their dynamic interactions. Applying insights from complexity science to often overlooked variables across European and Chinese history, he explores the implications of China's unique trajectory and ascendency, as a competitor and counterexample to the West.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":226401413,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3022099975","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/9781108773607","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/services\/aop-cambridge-core\/content\/view\/81F241E1D4BC1F029EB9E811F5DE5B37\/9781108488990c1_3-14.pdf\/great_transitions_in_economic_history.pdf","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Vast numbers of publications in computing education begin with the premise that programming is hard to learn and hard to teach. Many papers note that failure rates in computing courses, and particularly in introductory programming courses, are higher than their institutions would like. Two distinct research projects in 2007 and 2014 concluded that average success rates in introductory programming courses world-wide were in the region of 67%, and a recent replication of the first project found an average pass rate of about 72%. The authors of those studies concluded that there was little evidence that failure rates in introductory programming were concerningly high. However, there is no absolute scale by which pass or failure rates are measured, so whether a failure rate is concerningly high will depend on what that rate is compared against. As computing is typically considered to be a STEM subject, this paper considers how pass rates for introductory programming courses compare with those for other introductory STEM courses. A comparison of this sort could prove useful in demonstrating whether the pass rates are comparatively low, and if so, how widespread such findings are. This paper is the report of an ITiCSE working group that gathered information on pass rates from several institutions to determine whether prior results can be confirmed, and conducted a detailed comparison of pass rates in introductory programming courses with pass rates in introductory courses in other STEM disciplines. The group found that pass rates in introductory programming courses appear to average about 75%; that there is some evidence that they sit at the low end of the range of pass rates in introductory STEM courses; and that pass rates both in introductory programming and in other introductory STEM courses appear to have remained fairly stable over the past five years. All of these findings must be regarded with some caution, for reasons that are explained in the paper. Despite the lack of evidence that pass rates are substantially lower than in other STEM courses, there is still scope to improve the pass rates of introductory programming courses, and future research should continue to investigate ways of improving student learning in introductory programming courses.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":212843602,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3000130654","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/3344429.3372502","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The evolution of modern astronomical instruments and their capacity to produce useful data has advanced in tandem with, and benefited from, the development of software to optimally analyse those data. In particular, recent developments in the analysis of high resolution spectroscopic data have yielded unique insights on a wide range of astronomical phenomena. As we develop instruments capable of achieving higher spectral resolution and greater wavelength stability, the techniques necessary to produce successful measurements become increasingly challenging. The goal of this thesis is to develop a wavelength solution with an aim to maximise the instrumental performance. For that purpose, we developed a complete reduction pipeline and demonstrate the improvement that it achieves. We show how it produces results that enable new range of scientific goals that were not achievable using the previous methods. We initially investigated the possibility of modelling instrumental wavelength calibration from physical principles, an effort which we applied to the small high-resolution spectrograph RHEA.Howeverwe found that amodel based only on optical principleswas unable to generate a wavelength solution superior to a purely mathematical approach. Taking the lessons learned from RHEA, we then set out to develop a precision radial velocity pipeline for the high-resolution HERMES spectrograph recently commissioned at the 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope (AAT). First we characterised the behaviour of the spectrograph PSF across all four channels. Then we undertook a series of observations of stellar targets some with known radial velocity variability, others as yet unstudied in the time domain in order to test the radial velocity precision achievable with HERMES. We found that 2dfdr, the standard spectroscopic data reduction package provided by theAAO, was unable to reduce the uncertainty in radial velocity measurements below 400m s\u22121, due to a combination of PSF effects and the wavelength solution applied by the software. Tests indicated that the extraction method employed by 2dfdr prevented a significant reduction in radial velocity measurement uncertainties; this fundamental limitation led us to develop HARPY, a new radial velocity determination software package that can independently reduce the data produced by HERMES. It calculates a wavelength solution that is stable across observations and performs radial velocity calculations from extracted, calibrated spectra. The final version of HARPY, presented in this thesis, shows radial velocity uncertainties on the order of 70m s\u22121 with HERMES data. Applying HARPY to our observations, we demonstrate its capabilities on both a binary star and a hot Jupiter system. Proving that HERMES can reach such radial velocity precision, opens a large range of scientific projects to investigation, previously unable to be considered. Its highly multiplexed capability and wide field of view, in combination with its 4 cameras, can be used for large exoplanet surveys, once the lessons learned from this study are adapted to both observing and reduction procedures.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":125898014,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2892082947","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Health-risk behaviors among young adults are a serious public health problem. This cross sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence of single and concurrent multiple health-risk behaviors: smoking tobacco, consuming alcohol, and chewing betel quid among young adult Myanmar laborers in Mae Sot District, Tak Province, Thailand. Three hundred Myanmar laborers, aged 18-24 years, were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. About 33.6% reported no risk behaviors, 24.7% had one, and 41.7% had two or three risk behaviors. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed six variables were significantly associated with health-risk behaviors: male gender, high\/moderate custom\/traditional influences, friends who smoked\/consumed alcohol\/chewed betel quid, and exposure to betel-quid chewing by other family members.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":23968630,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"273536808","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Many emerging applications require tracking targets in video. Most existing visual tracking methods do not work well when the target is motion-blurred (especially due to fast motion), because the imperfectness of the target's appearances invalidates the image matching model (or the measurement model) in tracking. This paper presents a novel method to track motion-blurred targets by taking advantage of the blurs without performing image restoration. Unlike the global blur induced by camera motion, this paper is concerned with the local blurs that are due to target's motion. This is a challenging task because the blurs need to be identified blindly. The proposed method addresses this difficulty by integrating signal processing and statistical learning techniques. The estimated blurs are used to reduce the search range by providing strong motion predictions and to localize the best match accurately by modifying the measurement models.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":2323723,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2072921527","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2006.312943","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The track-induced self-excited vibration is a special problem that exists in EMS (Electromagnetic Suspension) maglev systems. In this paper, the stability of the electromagnet-track coupled model is examined, and it is found that the second order vibration mode of the track may cause instability problem. To suppress the self-excited vibration, an LMS (Least Mean Square) adaptive cancellation scheme is presented, and a phase locked loop is employed to generate a reference signal for the LMS algorithm. Analysis and simulation show that the proposed adaptive cancellation algorithm is effective in suppressing the vibration with unknown frequency.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110126605,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2041262513","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.44-47.586","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) production in Saint Lucia is characterized by low maintenance and low productivity, as well as dependence on very few niche markets. However, the \"Fine Flavour\" status and quality-conscious growers represent a significant potential for expanding the production of high-value cocoa in a sustainable manner. A project in 2010 had the aim to rehabilitate 200 acres of abandoned and neglected cocoa and establish 100 acres of new cocoa plantings. Assessment of 84 farms revealed that all farms required pest control and fertilization. Pruning was required on 99% of farms, disease control (for black pod and witches' broom) on 98%, shade reduction on 94% of farms. Erosion (82%) and weed control (19%) as well as drainage (61%) were also frequently lacking, but soil health was found to be moderate to very good on all farms, with over 50% scoring \"good\" and over 5% \"very good\". Rehabilitation consisted of formation pruning, shade regulation (essentially reduction), pest and disease management, fertilization and capacity-building. The focus was on small-holdings (0.5-10 acres), where the grower was prepared to contribute part of the labour. Expansion focussed on Saint Lucia's East coast. Prioritized cultivars were ICSI, ICS39, ICS95 and ICS98. Permanent shade species were chosen in a participatory manner, resulting in the joint selection of some species recommended as cocoa shade (mango, avocado, wax apple) and others with a less suitable canopy, but other characteristics valuable to the growers, e.g. citrus and West Indian cherry. Challenges encountered were the timely availability of planting material and agrochemicals, farmers' contribution of labour and Hurricane Tomas, which hit on 30 October 2010, and devastated much of the country. Farmers were more inclined to invest time in expansion than in rehabilitation. To ensure the project had a beneficial impact beyond its duration, resources had to be focused on the more motivated farmers, while other producers and extensionists needed to be empowered to make well-informed decisions. In this context, participatory technology transfer as well as strategic planning, with wide stakeholder involvement, was an integral part of all interventions. A road map for follow-up is presented.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":114350758,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2610479100","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22004\/ag.econ.253816","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. We describe a hierarchical statistical state space model for ozone profile time series. The time series are from satellite measurements by the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) II and the Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS) instruments spanning the years 1984\u20132011. Vertical ozone profiles were linearly interpolated on an altitude grid with 1 km resolution covering 20\u201360 km. Monthly averages were calculated for each altitude level and 10\u00b0 wide latitude bins between 60\u00b0 S and 60\u00b0 N. In the analysis, mean densities are studied separately for the 25\u201335, 35\u201345, and 45\u201355 km layers. Model variables include the ozone mean level, local trend, seasonal oscillations, and proxy variables for solar activity, the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO), and the El Nino\u2013Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This is a companion paper to Kyrola et al. (2013), where a piecewise linear model was used together with the same proxies as in this work (excluding ENSO). The piecewise linear trend was allowed to change at the beginning of 1997 in all latitudes and altitudes. In the modelling of the present paper such an assumption is not needed as the linear trend is allowed to change continuously at each time step. This freedom is also allowed for the seasonal oscillations whereas other regression coefficients are taken independent of time. According to our analyses, the slowly varying ozone background shows roughly three general development patterns. A continuous decay for the whole period 1984\u20132011 is evident in the southernmost latitude belt 50\u201360\u00b0 S in all altitude regions and in 50\u201360\u00b0 N in the lowest altitude region 25\u201335 km. A second pattern, where a recovery after an initial decay is followed by a further decay, is found at northern latitudes from the equator to 50\u00b0 N in the lowest altitude region (25\u201335 km) and between 40\u00b0 N and 60\u00b0 N in the 35\u201345 km altitude region. Further ozone loss occurred after 2007 in these regions. Everywhere else a decay is followed by a recovery. This pattern is shown at all altitudes and latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere (10\u201350\u00b0 S) and in the 45\u201355 km layer in the Northern Hemisphere (from the equator to 40\u00b0 N). In the 45\u201355 km range the trend, measured as an average change in 10 years, has mostly turned from negative to positive before the year 2000. In those regions where the \"V\" type of change of the trend is appropriate, the turning point is around the years 1997\u20132001. To compare results for the trend changes with the companion paper, we studied the difference in trends between the years from 1984 to 1997 and from 1997 to 2011. Overall, the two methods produce very similar ozone recovery patterns with the maximum trend change of 10% in 35\u201345 km. The state space method (used in this paper) shows a somewhat faster recovery than the piecewise linear model. For the percent change of the ozone density per decade the difference between the results is below three percentage units.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":52236969,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2103381339","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/ACP-14-9707-2014","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Water trading and river basin governance have been upheld as institutional blueprints for allocating water for people, agriculture and ecosystems in a changing climate. Progress has been uneven, however, despite multiple decades of institutional reforms in river basins under pressure from demand, development and droughts. This timely book examines the evolution and performance of water allocation reforms in the Colorado, Columbia and Murray\u2013Darling Rivers. It draws on concepts and evidence about property rights, transaction costs and institutional change to generate lessons about the factors contributing to more adaptive and sustainable water allocation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":130288910,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2307805057","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4337\/9781781003862","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.elgaronline.com\/downloadpdf\/9781781003855.00002.xml","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Statistical script learning is an effective way to acquire world knowledge which can be used for commonsense reasoning. Statistical script learning induces this knowledge by observing event sequences generated from texts. The learned model thus can predict subsequent events, given earlier events. Recent approaches rely on learning event embeddings which capture script knowledge. In this work, we suggest a general learning model\u2013Featured Event Embedding Learning (FEEL)\u2013for injecting event embeddings with fine grained information. In addition to capturing the dependencies between subsequent events, our model can take into account higher level abstractions of the input event which help the model generalize better and account for the global context in which the event appears. We evaluated our model over three narrative cloze tasks, and showed that our model is competitive with the most recent state-of-the-art. We also show that our resulting embedding can be used as a strong representation for advanced semantic tasks such as discourse parsing and sentence semantic relatedness.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":19242852,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2788044935","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.11936","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/ojs.aaai.org\/index.php\/AAAI\/article\/download\/11936\/11795","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present two novel unbiased techniques for sampling free paths in heterogeneous participating media. Our decomposition tracking accelerates free-path construction by splitting the medium into a control component and a residual component and sampling each of them separately. To minimize expensive evaluations of spatially varying collision coefficients, we define the control component to allow constructing free paths in closed form. The residual heterogeneous component is then homogenized by adding a fictitious medium and handled using weighted delta tracking, which removes the need for computing strict bounds of the extinction function. Our second contribution, spectral tracking, enables efficient light transport simulation in chromatic media. We modify free-path distributions to minimize the fluctuation of path throughputs and thereby reduce the estimation variance. To demonstrate the correctness of our algorithms, we derive them directly from the radiative transfer equation by extending the integral formulation of null-collision algorithms recently developed in reactor physics. This mathematical framework, which we thoroughly review, encompasses existing trackers and postulates an entire family of new estimators for solving transport problems; our algorithms are examples of such. We analyze the proposed methods in canonical settings and on production scenes, and compare to the current state of the art in simulating light transport in heterogeneous participating media.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":32782998,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2738821415","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/3072959.3073665","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) is gaining significant importance for pattern recognition applications particularly in the medical field. A hybrid neural network such as Counter Propagation Neural Network (CPN) is highly desirable since it comprises the advantages of supervised and unsupervised training methodologies. Even though it guarantees high accuracy, the network is computationally non-feasible. This drawback is mainly due to the high convergence time period. In this paper, a modified Counter Propagation Neural Network is proposed to tackle this problem which eliminates the iterative training methodology which accounts for the high convergence time. To prove the efficiency, this technique is employed on abnormal retinal image classification system. Real time images from four abnormal classes are used in this work. An extensive feature vector is framed from these images which forms the input for the CPN and the modified CPN. The experimental results of both the networks are analyzed in terms of classification accuracy and convergence time period. The results suggest the superior nature of the proposed technique in terms of convergence time period and classification accuracy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":18133698,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2158147844","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/NABIC.2009.5393591","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT The effect of graphite nanosheets on electrical properties, curing behavior, and polymerization shrinkage of unsaturated polyester resin has been investigated. A solution of polystyrene was used as low profile additive to reduce shrinkage. The results showed that graphite nanosheets have been well dispersed\/distributed in the unsaturated polyester matrix where they have high aspect ratio and high surface area. Graphite nanosheet exhibited an accelerating effect on the curing of unsaturated polyester and reduced the polymerization shrinkage as low as 3.6%. Despite large reduction of flexural properties by low profile additive, graphite nanosheet considerably increased the flexural strength and modulus of unsaturated polyester\/low profile additive by 47 and 103%, respectively. Therefore, graphite nanosheet can be used as a new low profile additive for unsaturated polyester resins where it is also able to improve mechanical properties and curing rate. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":100894886,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2328706965","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/03602559.2015.1132468","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The treatment of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) failures remains a current clinical challenge. The present study aims at providing suitable degradable scaffolds for ligament tissue engineering. First, we focus on the design and the evaluation of poly(lactide)\/poloxamer or poly(lactide)\/poloxamine multiblock copolymers selected and developed to have suitable degradation and mechanical properties to match ACL repair. In the second part, it is shown that the copolymers can be processed in the form of microfibers and scaffolds consisting of a combination of twisted\/braided fibers to further modulate the mechanical properties and prepare scaffold prototypes suitable for ligament application. Finally, after assessment of their cytocompatibility, the polymer scaffolds are associated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSC differentiation toward a ligament fibroblast phenotype is promoted by a dual stimulation including an inductive culture medium and cyclic mechanical loads. RT-qPCR analyses confirm the potential of our scaffolds and MSCs for ACL regeneration with upregulation of some differentiation markers including Scleraxis, Tenascin-C and Tenomodulin.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":25887223,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2006808373","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/c4bm00433g","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/hal.archives-ouvertes.fr\/hal-01369239\/file\/Leroy%20et%20al.%20Biomat%20Sci%202016.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Since 2010, the World Health Organization has advocated the use of health information labelling to inform consumers of the health risks related to alcohol consumption. The alcohol industry oscillates between opposing and supporting alcohol labelling. This article reviews the minutes of the meetings of the World Trade Organization's ('WTO's') Committee on Technical Barriers to Trade ('TBT') (from 2010 to the present day) to garner unique insights into the specific features of alcohol health information labelling that are opposed by the alcohol industry. The article also identifies and analyses the trade law arguments that are made against these contested labelling measures. These arguments primarily come from the WTO's TBT Agreement. Our view is that the TBT Agreement will provide little comfort to alcohol exporting members who seek to rely on it to challenge alcohol health labelling measures, such as those discussed in the TBT Committee.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":149940031,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2900627231","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5204\/QUTLR.V18I1.732","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Stringent regulation for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions will impose different costs across geographical regions. Low-carbon, environmentalist states, such as California, would bear less of the incidence of such regulation than high-carbon Midwestern states. Such anticipated costs are likely to influence Congressional voting patterns. This paper uses several geographical data sets to document that conservative, poor areas have higher per-capita carbon emissions than liberal, richer areas. Representatives from such areas are shown to have much lower probabilities of voting in favor of anti-carbon legislation. In the 111th Congress, the Energy and Commerce Committee consists of members who represent high carbon districts. These geographical facts suggest that the Obama Administration and the Waxman Committee will face distributional challenges in building a majority voting coalition in favor of internalizing the carbon externality.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":2,"2017-13":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-06":1,"2013-48":1,"2024-26":1}},"corpusid":8804524,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2103293348","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-7295.2012.00462.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w14963.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although newer imaging techniques aid in the diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas and current surgical procedures and adjunct therapy decrease the incidence of their recurrences when patients are referred to oncologic centers, the majority of these tumors are suboptimally evaluated in general practice with frequent recurrences. Close surveillance of these patients is necessary for early recognition and treatment of recurrent disease. This article describes an organized, stepwise magnetic resonance imaging evaluation of these patients after surgery and radiation therapy. The initial sequence should be T2-weighted. Low signal intensity or diffuse high signal intensity without mass on T2-weighted sequence excludes recurrence in 99% of patients. A high signal intensity mass, however, should be studied with bolus injection of contrast medium. Although standard contrast-enhanced MR imaging differentiates the non-enhancing hygroma or hematoma from the enhancing recurrence or pseudotumor, dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging is required to distinguish the rapidly enhancing recurrent tumor from the slowly enhancing pseudotumor of inflammation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":2234618,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2052012334","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1055\/S-2008-1080063","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An 18-year-old man presented with a 4-year history of erythematous patches on the trunk, followed 2-years later by multiple nodules, mostly located on the limbs, and distal paresthesias. Two close contacts were treated for leprosy during his childhood. Histopathological examination revealed a histiocytic infiltrate with acid-fast bacilli on Ziehl-Neelsen stain. The slit-skin and nasal smears showed numerous acid-fast bacilli. The correlation between clinical, epidemiological, histopathological, and microbiological features allowed the diagnosis of lepromatous leprosy, histoid variant. Multidrug therapy as recommended by the WHO was initiated. A rapid and sustained improvement was seen. Histoid leprosy is a rare manifestation of lepromatous leprosy, first described by Wade in 1960. Since then few cases have been reported, the majority of them from countries with a high prevalence of the disease. Early recognition and treatment are of most importance to prevent neurological disabilities and achieve epidemiological control.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":251885485,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective. To examine the validity of case definitions for systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases [SARD; systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), myositis, Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome, vasculitis, and polymyalgia rheumatica] based on administrative data, compared to rheumatology records. Methods. A list of rheumatic disease diagnoses was generated from population-based administrative billing and hospitalization databases. Subjects who had been seen by an arthritis center rheumatologist were identified, and the medical records reviewed. Results. We found that 844 Nova Scotia residents had a diagnosis of one of the rheumatic diseases of interest, based on administrative data, and had had \u2265 1 rheumatology assessment at a provincial arthritis center. Charts were available on 824 subjects, some of whom had been identified in the administrative database with > 1 diagnosis. Thus a total of 1136 diagnoses were available for verification against clinical records. Of the 824 subjects, 680 (83%) had their administrative database diagnoses confirmed on chart review. The majority of subjects who were \"false-positive\" for a given rheumatic disease on administrative data had a true diagnosis of a similar rheumatic disease. Most sensitivity estimates for specific administrative data-based case definitions were > 90%, although for SSc, the sensitivity was 80.5%. The specificity estimates were also > 90%, except for SLE, where the specificity was 72.5%. Conclusion.Although health administrative data may be a valid resource, there are potential problems regarding the specificity and sensitivity of case definitions, which should be kept in mind for future studies. (First Release May 1 2011; J Rheumatol 2011;38:1612\u201316; doi:10.3899\/jrheum.101149)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":207776311,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the face of recent improvements in neonatal care, the influences of neonatal sepsis remain a public health problem in developing countries. Thus, identifying the determinants of neonatal sepsis is an indispensable matter of enhancing neonatal care. Therefore, this study intends to identify the determinants of neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Jinka General Hospital in Southern Ethiopia. An institution-based case-control study was conducted from September to October 2017. A total of 335 neonates who were admitted at Jinka General Hospital were incorporated. Cases (n=112) were neonates who were with sepsis and their mother. Controls (n=223) were neonates who were not with neonatal sepsis and their mother. Study participants were selected using the simple random sampling technique. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify determinants of neonatal sepsis. A total of 335 (112 cases and 223 controls) medical charts of neonates with their index mother was reviewed. History of urinary tract infection during the index pregnancy [AOR= 4.47, 95% CI (2.06, 9.71)], prolonged rupture of membrane [AOR= 2.2, 95% CI (1.24, 3.92)], birth weight of neonate less than 2.5kg [AOR= 1.68, 95% CI (1.25, 3.75)] and birth asphyxia [AOR= 2.34, 95% CI (1.14, 4.81)] were identified as determinants of neonatal sepsis. This study concludes that history of urinary tract infection, prolonged rupture of membrane, birth weight of neonate and birth asphyxia were the independent determinants of neonatal sepsis. Therefore, preventive efforts of neonatal sepsis should focus on high-risk neonates such as neonate born from mothers who have of urinary tract infection and prolonged rupture of membranes, a neonate with low birth weight and neonate who developed neonatal asphyxia by careful monitoring and follow-up as well as by prudently treating the victims. \n \n Key words: Neonatal sepsis, determinants of neonatal sepsis, neonatal intensive care unit.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":155798222,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2942820457","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5897\/IJNM2018.0335","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract This paper makes a case for a stronger cultural and narrative approach to economic history. It shows that an analysis of the discourse strategies used to construct and present the narratives of crises can be used to reach a better understanding of economic crises. Starting from the observation that economic crises are frequently portrayed as serious illnesses which undergo different courses and progressions, the author argues that crises should also be viewed as phenomena of communication and perception. These should be examined in order to reveal either repeatedly used or changing linguistic patterns, metaphors and abstract concepts. The analysis therefore focuses on the relationship between economic crises and crisis discourses. Whether the crisis is described as an \"imbalance\" (in an otherwise fundamentally stable system) or a multi-layered disease (that culminates in death) is not only based on different metaphors and interpretation patterns. It also has an effect on the assessment of the causes and the progression of the crises, and it presents different courses of possible action.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":148680625,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2552617276","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1515\/JBWG-2016-0014","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In order to look into the causes of fire response and post-fire bearing capacity of the steel tubular columns protected with different materials, the fire test was conducted for a set of circular steel tubes protected with different materials such as gypsum fireproof panel, bamboo plywood and the ordinary lumber core plywood, and the steel tube without any protective material. The fire response temperature of surface of steel tubes is measured and the axial compressive bearing capacity of the specimens after fire are tested and analyzed. The test results show that gypsum fireproof panel has the best fire protection characteristics, the ordinary lumber core plywood and bamboo plywood can also retard rising of the surface temperature of the steel tubes during the initial 35min although they are combustible materials. It is found that the post-fire bearing capacity of the steel tubes protected with different materials varies evidently, and the maximum value of response temperature has the greatest effect.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":135703576,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1992036056","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.163-167.749","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Social science is in jeopardy, both from attempts to make it like other sciences, and from the emphasis on human creativity and meanings, which would embed studies of society within the humanities. The multiplicity of theoretical positions within the social sciences, along with that multiplicity which is present in any person's social understanding, needs analysing in terms neither of 'meaning', nor of 'context', but through an understanding of the process of 'elaboration', by which multiplicity develops. Rather than awaiting a new theoretical 'paradigm', permitting the integration of systematic knowledge about human society, social scientists need more mutual recognition of their already shared approach to understanding. Elaboration in intellectual work is, like the secondary process of Freud, a process utilizing both the heterogeneity of past understanding, and an awareness which goes beyond any previous interpretation; the interplay of these in elaboration brings together and articulates a new aspect of multiplicity. \n \nAccounts of consciousness, and of epistemology and ontology, which do not lead to any sense of elaboration except that of the increasing of complexity by the adding of further details, are contrasted with the duality - in terms of the discrete and the holistic - which recent attempts at modelling brain functioning have suggested. By linking these to Freud's argument about the theoretical complexity required by any conceptualization of consciousness, the understanding of elaboration is developed and then traced in examples of recent usage. \n \nProcesses of fragmentation and integration occur in social change, as well as in the development of social understanding. In neither case is their 'truth' an appropriate criterion for responding to these elaborations. Evaluating their 'scope', and so taking account of the comprehensiveness of the elaborations, is more useful in the human condition of multiplicity. Judgments of scope are a basis for comparing positions that are incommensurable, i.e. relativism as an epistemological problem is replaced by the practical methodological issues introduced by considering the discrete and holistic aspects of any elaboration. The ontological interplay of discrete and holistic processes in social practices and institutions has been elaborated recently in ways invoking Freud's terminology; construing this as elaboration provides a way of conceiving the duality of social structure. Elaborating social understanding in terms of this way of representing structural and intellectual change underlines the importance for social science of criteria for evaluating the process of elaboration.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":203062398,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2971340024","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Air-coupled ultrasonic testing is widely used in the industry for the non-destructive testing of compound materials. It provides a fast and efficient way to inspect large concrete civil infrastructures for damage that might lead to catastrophic failure. Due to the large penetration depths required for concrete structures, the use of traditional piezoelectric transducer requires high power electric systems. In this study, a novel fluidic transducer based on a bistable fluidic amplifier is investigated. Previous experiments have shown that the switching action of the device produces a high-power broadband ultrasonic signal. This study will provide further insight into the switching behaviour of the fluidic switch. Therefore, parametric CFD simulations based on compressible supersonic RANS simulations were performed, varying the inlet pressure and velocity profiles for the control flow. Switching times are analyzed with different methods, and it was found that these are mostly independent of the slope of the velocity profile at the control port. Furthermore, it was found that an inversely proportional relationship exists between flow velocity in the throat and the switching time. The results agree with the theoretical background established by experimental studies that can be found in the literature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":235541844,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3157707908","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/FLUIDS6050171","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The duration of winter ice cover on lakes varies substantially with climate variability, and has decreased over the last several decades in many temperate lakes. However, little is known of how changes in seasonal ice cover may affect biogeochemical processes under ice. We examined winter nitrogen (N) dynamics under ice using a 30+ yr dataset from five oligotrophic\/mesotrophic north temperate lakes to determine how changes in inorganic N species varied with ice duration. Nitrate accumulated during winter and was strongly related to the number of days since ice\u2010on. Exogenous inputs accounted for less than 3% of nitrate accumulation in four of the five lakes, suggesting a paramount role of nitrification in regulating N transformation and the timing of chemical conditions under ice. Winter nitrate accumulation rates ranged from 0.15 \u03bcg N L\u22121 d\u22121 to 2.7 \u03bcg N L\u22121 d\u22121 (0.011\u20130.19 \u03bcM d\u22121), and the mean for intermediate depths was 0.94 \u03bcg N L\u22121 d\u22121 (0.067 \u03bcM d\u22121). Given that winters with shorter ice duration (< 120 d) have become more frequent in these lakes since the late 1990s, peak winter nitrate concentrations and cumulative nitrate production under ice may be declining. As ice extent and duration change, the physical and chemical conditions supporting life will shift. This research suggests we may expect changes in the form and amount of inorganic N, and altered dissolved nitrogen : phosphorus ratios, in lakes during winters with shorter ice duration.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":90059719,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2755404877","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/lol2.10048","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1002\/lol2.10048","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Professor Kenneth J. Gregory was a major contributor to fluvial palaeohydrological research. Beginning in the early 1980s, under his influence, rapid international growth of the discipline was accompanied by major advances in research methods and techniques. Current research emphases include applications of quantitative modelling and meta\u2010analysis; the correlation of fluvial events to other records, notably palaeolacustine records; and methods for application to diverse issues of river engineering and management. The international expansion and detailed analyses of fluvial palaeohydrology are exemplified by recent studies done in Fennoscandia, the Mediterranean region, India, Israel, Australia, Pacific humid island arcs, and South America. Future developments will involve expanded work with other academic disciplines, such as archaeology, as well as applications to practical problems arising from future climatic change and related environmental hazards, particularly extremes. Remote sensing and high\u2010resolution topography data and tools (e.g. LiDAR) will facilitate new discoveries of ancient exceptional flooding phenomena (megaflooding and superfloods) on Earth and on the palaeofluvial forms of Earth\u2010like planets. New opportunities will also arise from the increased use of machine learning and artificial intelligence for analyses of 'big data'.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":239810066,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/esp.5275","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/eprints.soton.ac.uk\/452023\/1\/EditedESPL_PalaeoPaper_jun29.docx","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In primary care patients suspected of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), it is a challenge to discriminate the patients with DVT from those without DVT. The risk of missing the diagnosis (which may result in a potentially lethal pulmonary embolism) and the risk of unnecessary referral and treatment with a potential harmful therapy has to be balanced by the primary care physician. Referring all patients suspected of DVT may be inefficient and results in substantial patient burden. This thesis aims to optimize the safety and cost-effectiveness of the current diagnostic process for DVT in primary care. This is done by validation of a previously developed diagnostic strategy or decision rule for DVT in the primary care setting. Furthermore, we tested the diagnostic strategy in 'high risk' groups, prospectively implemented it in daily primary care, assessed its potential for improvement, and the role of (point-of-care) D-dimer testing in recognizing DVT. In Chapter 2 we describe the validation of the diagnostic strategy in a new cohort of primary care patients suspected of DVT. The new data revealed that the strategy appears to be a safe diagnostic tool for excluding DVT in patients suspected of DVT in primary care, leading to a substantial reduction of unnecessary patient referrals to secondary care and consequently of patient burden. This conclusion was confirmed in Chapter 3, where we found that the strategy can be applied to all types of primary care patients suspected of DVT, regardless of age, gender, and history of venous thromboembolism. In a large management study (n=1028), over 300 Dutch general practitioners actually applied the strategy to decide whether to refer patients suspected of DVT to secondary care. It was concluded that implementing the diagnostic rule in daily primary care practice reduces the number of patient referrals for ultrasound measurements by almost 50%, at the cost of an acceptably low risk of subsequent venous thromboembolic events in the non-referred patients (1.4%; Chapter 4). The data also showed that (1) the originally developed strategy does not need to be adjusted or modified to current and local circumstances as it still showed optimal safety and efficiency for excluding DVT in primary care (Chapter 5), and (2) the use of the rule is cost-effective as compared to hospital based strategies (Chapter 6). The proposed diagnostic strategy makes use of a so-called D-dimer test. D-dimers are degradation products of cross-linked fibrin generated during fibrinolysis, and can therefore be used as an indirect measure of thrombus formation. We determined the performance of two often used laboratory D-dimer assays (Chapter 7). Finally, we compared the accuracy and user-friendliness of five different so-called point-of-care D-dimer assays, and found that all had reasonable or good accuracy, but just a few are suitable for primary care practice (Chapter 8). This thesis concludes with a review discussing important methodological aspects of diagnostic research in general, illustrated with the diagnostic strategy for DVT diagnosis in primary care.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":70678639,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1915011914","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Utilizing first-principle calculations, we perform a systematic study on the electronic and magnetic properties of recently proposed graphene-like Be3C2 nanostructures. We found that although the Be3C2 nanosheet exhibits a Dirac feature in the nonmagnetic state, an intrinsic antiferromagnetism is preferred and it opens a sizeable band gap of 2.75 eV at the Dirac point. The edge stabilities of Be3C2 nanoribbons (Be3C2NRs) are revealed in detail, and indicate that the armchair and zigzag edges with Be- and C-terminations are all possibly obtained by careful control of the H and Be chemical potentials. Akin to the Be3C2 nanosheet, these Be3C2NRs are also antiferromagnetic semiconductors regardless of the edge shapes and terminations, whose band gaps are all insensitive to the ribbon width. Peculiar spintronic behaviors can be induced in the zigzag Be3C2NRs by electric fields, which can transform the Be-terminated nanoribbons into half-metals and turn the C-terminated ones into bipolar semiconductors or even spin-gapless-semiconductors. Similar electronic structures are also present in Be3Si2 and Be3Ge2 nanostructures, which are antiferromagnetic semiconductors with smaller band gaps. The valence and conduction band edges of Be3C2NRs straddle the redox potentials of water, and are suitable for photocatalytic water splitting, while for the Be3Si2 and Be3Ge2 nanostructures, the band edges could form a type-II band alignment with the MoS2 nanosheet, for which the combined hetero-nanostructures possess a high power conversion efficiency of up to 14\u201317% for photovoltaic solar cells. Our study demonstrates that beryllium group-IV nanostructures exhibit versatile electronic and magnetic properties, which endow them with many potential applications in nano-electrics and nano-energy devices.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":139981815,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2756462871","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C7TC03619A","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Internet and the World Wide Web have taken over as the standard reading and finding news. This makes it possible for news readers to carefully choose the news that is most interesting for them. Due to the large amounts of articles, it can be a challenging and time consuming task to find the wanted information. Simplifying this process for the news readers would be beneficial. This thesis explores the idea of filtering out unwanted news articles and serving the useful ones to the reader through mobile platforms. It is part of a bigger project named SmartMedia that focuses on using complex strategies for delivering news to the users. While the overall strategy is based on using the total context of users to serve new, the specific scope of this thesis is creating user profiles from user acts logged by the system. The motivation is to utilize these profiles in cooperation with information filtering techniques to help reach the overall goal. A big part of this thesis focuses on implementing Hadoop jobs that summarizes the user logs into profiles. In the solution, each user profile consists of two vectors. A category vector that describes the user?s interests in the different news categories and a keyword vector that exploits entities defined in news articles to analyse at a low granularity level. The results are evaluated and discussed at the end. How to evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of the user profiles is difficult. Little real data was available during this research and actual data is needed. Data that replicates real users is hard to forge and is needed for both evaluation and calibration of the implementation. Thus, the focus of the discussion is on how to perform these two tasks when the system is deployed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":57483426,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"432101020","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"West Nile virus (WNV) infections in Turkey and East part of Europe have become one of the most important vector-borne diseases. Cx. pipiens L. complex species is a main vector species of the West Nile virus in these areas. Vector control practice with different classes of insecticides is the most commonly used alternative for mosquito control. The aim of this survey was to measure three different classes (Organochlorine, Organophosphate and Pyrethroids) of insecticide effectiveness, effects of synergist and possible biochemical mechanisms of Culex pipiens L. in Turkey. Bioassays results showed that permethrin and deltamethrin toxicity ranged from 50% (Mersin) to 84% (Huzurkent), whereas DDT toxicity was under 50% for all populations, except for Kapikaya (64%). In addition, Malathion toxicity ranged from 40% (Mersin) to 74% (Huzurkent). As a result of inhibitor assays, PBO and DEF increased the toxicity related to the insecticide classes. Biochemical assay results indicated that the MFO and NSEs (especially p-NPA) played an important role for DDT, malathion and pyrethroid resistance. GST activity assays implied that resistance was multifactorial for all tested populations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":89996056,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2597470934","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Spam filtering poses a special problem in text categorization, of which the defining characteristic is that filters face an active adversary, which constantly attempts to evade filtering. Since spam evolves continuously and most practical applications are based on online user feedback, the task calls for fast, incremental and robust learning algorithms. This paper summarizes our experiments for the TREC 2005 spam track, in which we consider the use of adaptive statistical data compression models for the spam filtering task. The nature of these models allows them to be employed as Bayesian text classifiers based on character sequences. Since messages are modeled as sequences of characters, tokenization and other error-prone preprocessing steps are omitted altogether, resulting in a method that is very robust. The models are also fast to construct and incrementally updateable. We present experimental results indicating that compression models perform well in comparison to established spam filters. We also show that the method is extremely robust to noise, which should make such filters difficult to defeat.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":16080253,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) results from a t(9,22) translocation, producing the p210BCR-ABL oncoprotein, a tyrosine kinase that causes transformation and chemotherapy resistance. To further understand mechanisms mediating chemotherapy resistance, we identified 556 differentially regulated genes in HL-60 cells stably expressing p210BCR-ABL versus those expressing an empty vector using cDNA macro- and oligonucleotide microarrays. These BCR-ABL-regulated gene products play diverse roles in cellular function including apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, intracellular signaling, transcription, and cellular adhesion. In particular, we identified up-regulation of the inducible form of heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), and further explored the mechanism for its up-regulation. In HL-60\/BCR-ABL and K562 cells (expressing p210BCR-ABL), abundant cytoplasmic Hsp70 expression was detected by immunoblot analysis. Moreover, cells isolated from bone marrow aspirates of patients in different stages of CML (chronic, aggressive, and blast crisis) express Hsp70. Expression of p210BCR-ABL in BCR-ABL negative cells induced transcription of the proximal Hsp70 promoter. Mutational analysis mapped the major p210BCR-ABL responsive element to a high affinity 5\u2032(A\/T)GATA(A\/G)-3\u2032 \"GATA\" response element (GATA-RE) that binds GATA-1 in CML cells. The GATA-RE was sufficient to confer p210BCR-ABL- and p185BCR-ABL-mediated trans-activation to an inert promoter. Short interfering RNA mediated \"knockdown\" of Hsp70 expression in K562 cells induced marked sensitivity to paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. Together these findings indicate that BCR-ABL confers chemotherapeutic resistance through intracellular signaling to the GATA-RE element found in the promoter region of the anti-apoptotic Hsp70 protein. We suggest that down-regulation of the GATA-Hsp70 pathway may be useful in the treatment of chemotherapy-resistant CML.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":224773,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1982160526","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M401851200","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Neogene succession of the eastern part of the Guadalquivir basin was \nfound to consist from bottom to top of turbidites, fine marly and clayey sedi,- \nments and again turbidites. Five formations and one member could be distinguished. \nIn the southern part of the basin sediments appear to be allochthonous; their \narea of deposition must have been farther south. In the North there is possibly a \ngradual change in upward direction into autochthonous sediments of the Upper \nMiocene. \nIn studying the planktonic foraminifera attention has been paid to their horizontal \nand vertical variation. It appeared necessary to extend the concept of some \nspecies, like that of Globigerina pseudobesa and Globigerinoides bulloideus. \nSeveral new forms have been described; partly they may be considered as local \nvariants of known species, like Globorotalia d. mayeri, Globigerina aff. pachy.,. \nderma, Globigerina sp., Globigerinoides d. conglobatus. Other {orms seem to be \nless close to known species, like Globorotalia sp., Globigerino\u00a3des afL Tuber and \nsphaeroidinellopsis sp. As their stratigraphical occurrence was not studied outside \nthe field area and phylogenetic relationships to other species remained undear,;it \nseemed not justified to erect them as new species. \nStudy of pre-adult stages was done by removing the final chambers of adult \nspecimens. It proved to be a help in disentangling homeomorphic species. \nInvestigation on several members of the Globigerinoides trilobus - Orbulina \nuniversa lineage, indicates that together with a change in relative size and shape \nof the final chamber also oachange in the earlier stage has taken place. \nIn sections considered to be Middle Tortonian representatives of the Globigerinoides \nbulloideus group occur in great abundance and with an extremely wide \nvariation. In these strata transition between the genera Globigerina and Globigerinoides \nis constantly present. For most variants the stratigraphic range is very \nshort, however. \nFor the Globorotalia menardii group a general trend from unkeeled to keeled \nwas found throughout the stratigraphic column. The outline of the chambers in \nspiral view also underwent a gradual change. As these trends seem to be of local \nimportance only, no names were given to the distinctive forms. Coiling direction \nof this group changes from left to right in strata which are considered to \nbe Middle Tortonian. \nOn the basis of their content of planktonic foraminifera separate sections could be arranged in biostratigraphic order. Moreover in most cases correlation \nwith the biozonation of BLOW (1969) appeared to be possible, indicating \nthat the sediments range from zone N. 4 toN.-16\/N. 17. According to the current \nliterature this should be from Aquitanian to Upper Tortonian\/Messinian (?). \nMiogypsinids found in the oldest sections suggest a Chattian to Aquitanian Age. \nUvigerinids belonging to the U. cretensis lineage are present in the younger formations. \nThey allow correlation with the upper part of the Tortonian stratotype, \nwhich is in fairly good agreement with the planktonic foraminifera. \nSome speculations have been made about the factors affecting the deposition of \nthe laminated and non-laminated siliceous marl (moronitas) in the southern part \nof areas with and without burrowing activities, which might explained by an \ntion might have been caused by a combination of high and fairly constant production \nof phytoplankton and zooplankton (as a result of upwelling water) together \nwith a seasonal peak in the influx of terrigenous material from rivers. Absence of \nburrowing organisms as a consequence of a zone of low concentration of dissolved \noxygen might account for the fact that lamination remained preserved. The cooccurrence \nof laminated and non-laminated sediments of the same age is in favor \nof areas with and without burrowing activities, which might be explained by an \nirregular bottom topography. Northward moving slipped masses might account \nfor such sea floor relief. \nThe presence of turbidites as topmost sediment indicates a still rather deep \nbasin at that time. Unless later sediments have been completely eroded away, it \nsuggests that the eastern part of the Guadalquivir basin rather suddenly emerged \nat the end of the Miocene. In the western part of the basin (Carmona area) sedimentation \nlingered on, but of a more shallow character. The larger part of the \nsection at Carmona does not seem to have equivalents in time in the eastern part \nof the basin.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":129753399,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1604269479","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A new spatial-domain technique for the reconstruction of the complex permittivity profile of unknown scatterers is proposed in this paper. The technique is based on a combination of the finite-element method (FEM) and the Polak-Ribiere nonlinear conjugate gradient optimization algorithm. The direct scattering problem is explicitly dealt with by means of the differential formulation and it is solved by applying the FEM. The inversion methodology is oriented to minimizing a cost function, which consists of a standard error term and regularization term. A sensitivity analysis, which is carried out by an elaborate finite-element procedure, results in the determination of the direction required for correcting the profile. Significant reduction of the computation time is obtained by introducing the adjoint state vector methodology. The efficiency of the presented inversion technique is validated by applying it to the inversion of synthetic scattered far-field measurements, which are corrupted by additive noise.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":110411733,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2124580401","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/22.750236","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/faraday.ee.auth.gr\/papers\/Rekanos1999b.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hemodilution has been associated with changes in hemostasis secondary to modulation of procoagulant activity. However, direct effects of specific fluids on anticoagulants, such as antithrombin (AT), remained undefined. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to determine whether hemodilution with hydroxyethyl starches (HES) directly diminishes plasma AT activity, which would be manifested by decreases in clot initiation time (reaction time, R) with thrombelastography greater than that seen with 0.9% NaCl (NS). Normal plasma and AT-deficient (< 1% activity) plasma were diluted 0 or 30% with NS, Hextend (6% HES; average molecular weight, 450 kDa), PentaLyte (6% HES; average molecular weight, 220 kDa), or Voluven (6% HES; average molecular weight, 130 kDa) (n = 6\u20137 experiments per condition). Undiluted, normal plasma had an R value of 796 \u00b1 65 s, which was significantly (P < 0.05) greater than R values following NS (690 \u00b1 50 s) or Voluven (675 \u00b1 68 s) dilution. R values of normal plasma diluted with Hextend (831 \u00b1 51 s) or PentaLyte (801 \u00b1 72 s) were not different from undiluted plasma but were significantly (P < 0.05) greater than those observed following NS or Voluven dilution. There were no significant differences between the conditions when AT-deficient plasma was utilized (R range, 404\u2013440 s). Rather than interfere with AT activity, HES with an average molecular weight of 220\u2013450 kDa maintain AT efficiency.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":24207851,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2046665848","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/01.mbc.0000172100.11664.cf","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Idealy, an interferogram is an even function of the path differences; it suffices to computer the cosine Fourier transform of the interferogram from the zero optical path to the max to produce the spectrum. However, the interferogram is always asymmetry of the scanning function in reality. A method for the phase correction of interferograms in Fourier transform is presented. It is shown that phase error can be canceled to within an arbitrary angular precision by phase correction method. Three original spectrums are provided in which phase correction over a frequency range of 400nmto 1000nm,they are shown that using Phase Correction Method resulted in a error is less than those of the Mertz Method, and the purchased time is much less than the Mertz Method. The method can be used in most experiments, including emission spectroscopy, where conventional techniques are inadequate.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":122443369,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2102237930","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.225-226.293","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Activins are members of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, a class of peptide growth factors that can regulate the growth and differentiation of a variety of cell types. In mesoderm induction assays, activins A and B were shown to be very potent inducers and it was only recently demonstrated that they are crucial for initial mesoderm induction in Xenopus embryos. To determine the source of activin protein for initial mesoderm induction and to investigate whether activins may play further roles in embryonic development we have examined the localization of the mRNAs encoding the activin beta A and beta B subunits in Xenopus embryos. Activin beta A and beta B mRNAs are found in the follicle cells surrounding oocytes but not in oocytes themselves or fertilized eggs. During embryogenesis activin mRNA is first detected after the midblastula transition and expression increases as development proceeds. Activin beta B mRNA is homogeneously distributed during blastula and early gastrula stages but restricted to the dorso-anterior region in neurula stage embryos. At the early tailbud stage activin expression becomes confined to the brain, eye analgen, visceral pouches, otic vesicles, and the anterior notochord.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":25434224,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2050358064","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1006\/DBIO.1993.1150","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multi-protein complex activated in response to environmental pathogens. These pathogens activate toll-like receptors, initiating a cascade leading to the activation of this inflammasome resulting in caspase-1-dependant cleavage of pro-IL-1\u03b2 and IL-18 to their active and mature form. Recent studies have implicated the NLRP3 inflamamsome in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Objectives To assess the activity of the NLRP3 inflammasome in the RA joint. Additionally, this study is the first to determine the effects of novel compound MCC950 in the RA joint. Methods Initially, to assess if the NLRP3 inflammasome is active in RA, the expression of inflammasome components NLRP3, IL-1\u03b2, IL-18 and Caspase-1 were measured in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Osteoarthritis (OA) and healthy control (HC) ex vivo synovial tissue biopsies by RT-PCR, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The effects of MCC950, a novel compound targeting NLRP3, was assessed in macrophages derived from both HC peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and THP1 cell line. The NLRP3 inflammasome was activated in these cells by incubation with LPS (1 \u03bcg\/ml) and ATP (5 mM) in the presence or absence of MCC950 (10nM - 10\u03bcM), and secretion of NLRP3 inflammasome component IL-1\u03b2 was measured by ELISA. RA synovial biopsies were also incubated with MCC950 (100 nM) or basal control for 24 hr and expression of NLRP3, IL-1\u03b2, IL-18 and Caspase-1 were analysed by Taqman PCR, ELISA and Western blotting. The effect of MCC950 on ex vivo pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic cytokine secretion (IL-6, IL-8, TNF\u03b1, VEGF, Tie-2, bFGF, MMP-3, IL-10) was also determined by multiplex ELISA. Results Transcripts of inflammasome components NLRP3, pro-IL-1\u03b2 and pro-IL-18 were significantly higher in RA versus OA synovial biopsies. Expression of Caspase-1 protein is also higher in RA versus OA synovial tissue as assessed by Western blotting. In addition, Caspase-1 is highly expressed in RA synovial tissue compared to OA or HC synovium, localised to the lining and sub-lining layers. MCC950 inhibits LPS and ATP induced secretion of inflammasome component IL-1\u03b2 in macrophages derived from both HC PBMC and THP1 cells in a dose dependant manner. Furthermore, incubation of synovial ex vivo biopsies with MCC950 results in a decrease of NLRP3 transcripts, pro-IL1\u03b2 and pro-IL-18, which was mirrored by a decrease in active IL-1\u03b2 and IL-18 secreted from ex vivo RA biopsies (p<0.05). Caspase-1 expression was also inhibited in MCC950-treated ex vivo RA biopsies. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 were also significantly inhibited following incubation with MCC950. In contrast, MCC950 had no effect on other pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors TNF\u03b1, MMP-3, VEGF, Tie-2, bFGF and IL-10. Conclusions MCC950, a novel compound thought to interact with the NLRP3 inflammasome, inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome components IL-1\u03b2, IL-18 and Caspase-1, in addition to other pro-inflammatory cytokines in the joint, but is independent of TNF\u03b1. This is the first study to demonstrate the effects of MCC950 in RA patient tissue and may represent a potential novel therapeutic strategy. Disclosure of Interest T. McGarry: None declared, A. Robertson: None declared, C. Orr: None declared, R. Coll: None declared, M. Cooper: None declared, L. O'Neill: None declared, D. Veale Grant\/research support from: Abvie, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Consultant for: Pfizer, Roche, Speakers bureau: Abbott, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, U. Fearon: None declared","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":76993246,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2414061112","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3985","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives: To examine how small and medium-sized firms deal with external shocks of various kinds, with particular reference to extreme weather events. The research asks how business owners and managers prepare themselves for these inherently uncertain events and how they deal with immediate impact on the business when it faced with an external crisis. It also explores the longer term effects of exposure to adverse conditions, to see whether these experiences tend to undermine businesses, or help to make them more resilient over time. \n \nPrior Work: The research is informed by contributions to the resilience literature, which spans individual, organisational, inter-organisational and regional levels of analysis. It identifies a variety of factors as potential sources of resilience for smaller firms and potential vulnerabilities. Some empirical work has been conducted in this area but there is scope for a more in-depth examination of the ways that SME owners and managers perceive and prepare for external threats, their experiences in responding to crises, and implications of the promotion of environmentally sustainable practices. \n \nApproach: Evidence was collected from a large quarterly survey of SMEs in Britain. Statistical findings are based on 1,353 useable questionnaire responses comprising a sub-sample drawn from a larger telephone omnibus survey, supplemented by a sub-sample of respondents to a slightly longer online version. The statistical data were augmented by qualitative evidence from online respondents and a series of six semi-structured interviews which explored issues emerging from the survey in greater detail. \n \nResults: Organisational resilience is an important issue for SMEs. Nearly three quarters (73%) of respondents identified at least one external event that posed a 'real threat' to their business over the last five years and many identified multiple threats. Extreme weather conditions were identified as a real threat by 27% of respondents, a finding underlined by graphic qualitative accounts of damage caused to businesses by events such as flooding and heavy snowfall (n.b. the survey was conducted prior to the extended period of storms and flooding that disrupted many businesses in late 2013). \n \nValue: This working paper makes an empirical contribution to the organisational resilience literature by providing evidence from a relatively large and broadly representative sample of British SMEs, coupled with tentative policy implications and suggestions for further research. Recent years have seen a policy focus on promoting high growth firms. Given continuing economic uncertainties and the prospect of increasing threats from extreme weather events, it may also be advisable to consider initiatives that foster the longer-term resilience of SMEs, and to pay particular attention to the needs of smaller and more vulnerable firms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":263198795,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is one of the most important causes of cervical cancer, which is one of the AIDS-defining clinical conditions. In this study, it was evaluated the incidence of HPV and the cytopathological changes caused by HPV in the cervix, among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive women. Methods: This study was conducted on HIV-positive women between 2010-2020. Patients were obtained cervical smear samples for HPV-DNA (PCR Roche-Cobas) analysis. Based on HPV test results, patients having one or both of the HPV 16 or 18 were designated as \"HPV 16\/18 positive\". Patients with at least one of the other high-risk HPV types were termed as \"Other HR HPV-positive.\" Results: Twenty-two female patients were included in this study. Their mean age was 40.8 (range: 19-65) years. HPV subtypes were found as the following: HPV-16 in 1 patient (4.5%), HPV-18 in 3 (13.6%), and other HR-HPV in 9 patients (40.9%). In three individuals, HPV-18 co-existed with other HR HPV. The number of subjects with any type of carcinogenic HPV was 10 (45%). The cytological examination determined the presence of pre-cancerous lesions in five patients (22.7%), including atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) in three (13.6%), and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL\/CIN-1) and high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL\/CIN2-3) in one. Cervical lesions of all patients have regressed in the follow-up. Conclusion: HIV-positive women have an increased rate of genital HPV infection and precancerous cervical lesions. Most infections in our study are caused by serotypes other than HPV 16 and 18 and all cervical lesions regressed in follow-up.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":248107880,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4274\/terh.galenos.2021.34654","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The increasing level of knife crime taking place across the UK is of growing concern, nationally and locally. It is recognised that knife crime affects young people, impacting not only those directly involved but also their families, friends and the wider communities around them. Legislation and guidance has highlighted the role schools play in educating, safeguarding and supporting pupils associated with knife crime. Designated Safeguarding Leads (DSLs) are professionals in school who hold key responsibility for the safeguarding and protection of their pupils. \nThere is a paucity of published research into the experiences of school staff working with children and young people associated with knife crime, in particular there is a lack of research specifically exploring the experiences of Designated Safeguarding Leads, despite the prominence of their role. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the experiences of DSLs working with children and young people associated with knife crime and hear their voice. \nInterpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to explore the experiences of five secondary school DSLs working in one Inner London Borough. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and superordinate themes from each of the DSLs emerged from the analysis. Five overarching themes were identified across the participants; 'socio-economic factors', 'school as protector', 'tensions in role', 'a myriad of emotions' and 'the need for support'. \nThe themes which emerged from the analysis are discussed in the context of existing literature and relevant psychology theory. The limitations of the research are considered, and implications of the findings for EPs are explored including providing supervision, support and training to DSLs and using their psychological knowledge and skills at the wider group, system and community level. Suggestions for future research are provided.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":210507922,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2985207611","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"artery PI, had increased risk for Cesarean section and lower birth weight, lower gestational age at delivery, lower apgar scores and higher need for neonatal intensive care. Uterine Doppler test have a positive prediction value of 58% to predict adverse perinatal outcome and therefore it could be useful to assess SGA fetus with normal umbilical Doppler. CPR at diagnosis of SGA was not useful to assess the subsequent adverse outcome.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":71884903,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2015296788","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/uog.4917","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/uog.4917","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary\nFrom October 1962 to August 1964 Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus could be isolated from the far northwest to the far northeast of Venezuela. Isolation and identification of VEE virus was achieved within 42 hours after receiving human serum and brain samples by simultaneous isolation and protection tests in BHK21 cells. Subsequent collections of sera from man and animals were investigated serologically by HI and neutralization tests. HI and neutralizing antibodies decreased rapidly in man. The reservoir for VEE could not be established, although antibodies were found in several different animal species. Many goats had antibodies. No antibodies were found in birds, which therefore may be regarded as having been unimportant as hosts in this epidemic. VEE virus was isolated most frequently from Aedes taeniorhynchus, and also from Aedes serratus, Anopheles aquasalis, Psorophora confinnis and, for the first time, Aedes scapularis. Exceptionally heavy rainfalls in 1962 resulted in total annual precipitation double that of the average for the preceding 5 years, providing ideal breeding conditions for mosquitoes and crowding animals on reduced unflooded areas. These factors may have contributed to the onset of the epidemic.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":11083497,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2338736079","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4269\/AJTMH.1965.14.460","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cardiogenic shock is one of the most important complications of acute myocardial infarction (MI) and acute left ventricular failure (LVF). It threatens the life of 5-10% of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) particularly in the presence of inappropriately low peripheral vascular resistance. Cardiogenic shock results in poor tissue perfusion, end-organ damage and carries a high mortality risk. The goal of therapy is to prevent end-organ dysfunction and severe metabolic derangement by raising mean arterial blood pressure, which is achieved with the use of inotropes and vasopressors, often at the expense of tachycardia, elevated myocardial oxygen consumption and extended myocardial ischaemia. Current therapeutic approaches include early coronary artery revascularisation (which has significantly improved the survival rate), fluid resuscitation, inotropic support and mechanical circulatory support using intra-aortic balloon pumps or ventricular assist devices. In this article, we review the pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of cardiogenic shock. \u00a9 The Intensive Care Society 2013.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":58500719,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"83739996","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present optical and near infrared (NIR) observations of the nearby Type Ia SN 2014J. Seventeen optical and 23 NIR spectra were obtained from 10 days before (\u221210d) to 10 days after (+10d) the time of maximum B-band brightness. The relative strengths of absorption features and their patterns of development can be compared at one day intervals throughout most of this period. Carbon is not detected in the optical spectra, but we identify C\u2009i \u03bb1.0693 in the NIR spectra. Mg\u2009ii lines with high oscillator strengths have higher initial velocities than other Mg\u2009ii lines. We show that the velocity differences can be explained by differences in optical depths due to oscillator strengths. The spectra of SN 2014J show that it is a normal SN Ia, but many parameters are near the boundaries between normal and high-velocity subclasses. The velocities for O\u2009i, Mg\u2009ii, Si\u2009ii, S\u2009ii, Ca\u2009ii, and Fe\u2009ii suggest that SN 2014J has a layered structure with little or no mixing. That result is consistent with the delayed detonation explosion models. We also report photometric observations, obtained from \u221210d to +29d, in the UBVRIJH and Ks bands. The template fitting package SNooPy is used to interpret the light curves and to derive photometric parameters. Using RV = 1.46, which is consistent with previous studies, SNooPy finds that AV = 1.80 for E(B \u2212 V)host = 1.23\u2009 \u00b1 \u20090.06 mag. The maximum B-band brightness of \u221219.19\u2009 \u00b1 \u20090.10 mag was reached on February 1.74 UT \u00b1\u20090.13 days and the supernova has a decline parameter, \u0394m15,\u2009of\u20091.12 \u00b1 0.02 mag.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2017-13":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":36164591,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2065723482","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/0004-637X\/798\/1\/39","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1405.3970"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction and Objectives The influx of extracellular Ca2+ is essential for the IgE-dependent release of both preformed mediators and newly-generated autacoids and cytokines from human lung mast cells (HLMC). Members of the recently discovered CRACM (also known as Orai) ion channel family may be responsible for this influx. These channels carry Ca2+ selective currents (ICRAC) that are activated when endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ stores are emptied. The major K+ selective conductance in HLMC is generated by the Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1. There appears to be a close functional relationship between CRACM and KCa3.1 channels. KCa3.1 channels activated by the influx of extracellular Ca2+ act to hyperpolarise the cell membrane, thus maintaining the driving force on CRACM channels. Here we investigate whether CRACM and KCa3.1 channels physically interact. Methods Vectors were assembled directing the expression of either CRACM1 or CRACM2 channels tagged at their N-terminus with the c-Myc epitope and human KCa3.1 tagged at its C-terminus with the FLAG epitope. HEK293 cells were transiently transfected to express either a single epitope tagged channel or both a CRACM-myc channel and KCa3.1-FLAG. Cell lysates were prepared and potential interactions between CRACM and KCa3.1 proteins tested by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. Results Expression of CRACM1-myc, CRACM2-myc and KCa3.1-FLAG proteins was confirmed by immunoblotting of lysates of HEK293 cells transiently transfected with the appropriate vector(s). Using an anti c-myc antibody to immunoprecipitate CRACM1-myc protein, KCa3.1-FLAG was found to be co-immunoprecipitated. Co-immunoprecipitation of KCa3.1-FLAG was observed only when it was co-expressed with CRACM1-myc. Similarly, using an anti-FLAG antibody to immunoprecipitate KCa3.1-FLAG protein, CRACM1-myc was co-immunoprecipitated. Again co-immunoprecipitation was dependent on both the CRACM1-myc and KCa3.1-FLAG proteins being expressed together. In contrast, under identical reaction conditions, no co-immunoprecipitation of KCa3.1-FLAG was observed when co-expressed with CRACM2-myc. Conclusions The co-immunoprecipitation of KCa3.1-FLAG with CRACM1-myc and vice versa provides evidence that these channels do physically interact. Such an interaction in HLMC would make both channels a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of asthma and would allow KCa3.1 to be added to the growing list of CRACM1 protein binding partners.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":85867769,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2152990857","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2011-201054b.125","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/thorax.bmj.com\/content\/thoraxjnl\/66\/Suppl_4\/A58.1.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Methods are presented for generating an ensemble of synthetic atmospheric trajectories. These include methods for a set of independent trajectories, and methods for a correlated set of sequential trajectories. The models incorporate first-order autocorrelation of successive zonal and meridional displacement, and in the case of the sequential set, correlations between trajectories due to spatial patterns of air flow. The model for independent trajectories is applied and validated using three years (1976\u201378) of observed forward trajectories originating from southeast Michigan. The synthetic trajectories are statistically consistent with observed wind fields, and result in large-scale diffusion which is comparable to existing estimates. Limitations in the assumption of spatial homogeneity of wind statistics are explored using backward trajectories arriving at six locations in eastern North America during July 1978. The applications highlight the problems which may arise when observed trajectories ar...","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":119822963,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1978116637","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1175\/1520-0450(1983)022<0266:SSOAT>2.0.CO;2","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The study examines the performance of TVOne Journalists Makassar Bureau in the case of floods in Makassar City in January 2019. Through the live report program, this research wants to see the process of flood coverage and the obstacles they face when flood coverage. This research alsowants to see the concept of disaster journalism implemented by TVOne biro Makassar journalists. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. The application of disaster journalism goes according to ethical standards and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) set by TVOne Makassar Makassar in cases of flood coverage. When covering floods, all crews, including journalists, reporters, program directors, and program producers worked in teams to carry out flood coverage in several districts in South Sulawesi, starting from installing SNG (Satellite News Gathering), installing cameras, andcollecting information or disaster data. Constraints occur when the live report reporting process takes place in this South Sulawesi flood disaster, the access road to the location of flood coverage and landslides was cut off and the network at that time experienced, while the location of the coverage wason a hill located in Jeneponto. As a result, the tvOne crew had to go back and forth from the coverage location several times to SNG, to send the results of the landslide coverage within the specified time period quickly, in order to catch up to the program deadline.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":213369492,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2998253150","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We propose a novel scheme for supervised learning function based classification of objects in 3D images. The learning process constructs a generic multi-level hierarchical description of object classes in terms of functional components. The multi-level hierarchy's design and construction involves a large set of signatures based reasoning employing likelihood functions built from histograms as radial-based functions. These signatures consist of geometric properties of shape parts and relationships among them. Initially, the input range data is segmented and each object part is labeled as one of a few possible primitives. Additionally, each group of primitive parts is tagged by a functional symbol. Connections between primitive parts are also computed in the segmentation stage. Our target being a general purpose classification method, a search through a finite graph using a probabilistic matching measure is performed to find the best assignment of object parts to the functional structures of each class. The probabilistic matching measure is further employed in designing classifiers that are extensively tested. In this context, audio classification capabilities can answer functional questions such as what is the material the analyzed objects are built of, if the objects are full or hollow, if they are heavy, and if they are rigidly linked to their supports. We use audio based signatures to label parts of the object under analysis. We also propose a novel scheme for fusion between two modalities to support function based classification. The fusion between both modalities relies on a shared cooperation between the visual and audio signatures of the functional and primitive parts. We tested the proposed scheme on a database of about one thousand different 3D objects. The results show high accuracy in classification. Among the geometric properties employed toward classification and evaluated during the construction and use of the multi-level hierarchy we computed geometric properties such as curvatures and moments of 3D and volumetric objects. We also present two results we have obtained in computing curvatures and moments of 3D and volumetric objects. We present a method to globally segment volumetric images into regions that contain 1 T ec hn io n C om pu te r Sc ie nc e D ep ar tm en t P h. D . T he si s P H D -2 00 608 2 00 6 convex or concave (elliptic) iso-surfaces, planar or cylindrical (parabolic) iso-surfaces, and volumetric regions with saddle-like (hyperbolic) iso-surfaces, regardless of the value of the iso-surface level. The proposed scheme relies on a novel approach to globally compute, bound, and analyze the Gaussian and mean curvatures of an entire volumetric data set, using a trivariate B-spline volumetric representation. This scheme derives a new differential scalar field for a given volumetric scalar field, which could easily be adapted to other differential properties. Moreover, this scheme can set the basis for more precise and accurate segmentation of data sets targeting the identification of primitive parts. Since the proposed scheme employs piecewise continuous functions, it is precise and insensitive to aliasing. A subset of the most important geometric properties used in our scheme for classification were moments. In this context, two schemes for computing moments of free-form objects are developed and analyzed. In the first scheme, we assume that the boundary of the analyzed object is represented using parametric surfaces. In the second scheme, we represent the boundary of the object as a constant set of a trivariate function. These schemes rely on a pre-computation step which allows fast reevaluation of the moments when the analyzed object is modified. Both schemes take advantage of a representation that is based on the B-spline blending functions. 2 T ec hn io n C om pu te r Sc ie nc e D ep ar tm en t P h. D . T he si s P H D -2 00 608 2 00 6 Symbols ROC receiver operator charateristic K the Gaussian curvature H the mean curvature Bi,k,\u03c4 (t) the ith B-spline blending function of degree k defined over knot sequence \u03c4 \u03b8i,n (t) the ith Bernstein-B\u00e9zier basis function of degree n \u2297 the Kronecker product mi,j,k the i, j, k-th orders moment 3 T ec hn io n C om pu te r Sc ie nc e D ep ar tm en t P h. D . T he si s P H D -2 00 608 2 00 6 Chapter","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":61537767,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2187072808","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Testing and benchmarking of stream processing systems requires workload representative of real world scenarios with myriad of users, interacting through different applications over different modalities with different underlying protocols. The workload should have realistic volumetric and contextual statistics at different levels: user level, application level, packet level etc. Further realistic workload is inherently distributed in nature. We present a scalable framework for synthesis of distributed workload based on identifying different layers of workload corresponding to different time-scales. The architecture is extensible and modular, promotes reuse of libraries at different layers and offers the flexibility to add additional plug-ins at different layers without sacrificing the efficiency.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-20":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":3713517,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2146400982","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2008.4736167","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"&NA; KATP openers are recognized as having a therapeutic potential for the treatment of various cardiovascular and noncardiovascular diseases. However, the first\u2010generation agents open KATP in a variety of tissues that limit their potential clinical utility. This review describes our studies aimed at the identification of a common pharmacophore among structurally diverse KATP openers and the discovery of tissue\u2010selective agents that may offer advantages over the first\u2010generation agents for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Compounds (e.g., BMS\u2010182264) combining the structural features of KATP openers cromakalim and pinacidil, show smooth\u2010muscle relaxing and antihypertensive activities comparable to their predecessors, indicating cromakalim and pinacidil may express their biologic effects through similar structural requirements. The hypothesis about common features is further supported by radioligand\u2010binding studies showing cromakalim, pinacidil, and the combination compound BMS\u2010182264 bind to a similar receptor site in rat aortic smooth\u2010muscle cells. Regardless of having a pharmacologic profile similar to cromakalim and pinacidil in vascular smooth muscle, BMS\u2010182264 had no effect on action potential duration in guinea pig papillary muscle, indicating smooth\u2010muscle selectivity for BMS\u2010182264. We demonstrate that no correlation exists between anti\u2010ischemic and smooth\u2010muscle relaxing potencies for a variety of structurally different KATP openers. Efforts to find KATP openers selective for the ischemic myocardium led to the identification of BMS\u2010180448 which, despite having similar anti\u2010ischemic potency to cromakalim, was significantly less active as a smooth\u2010muscle relaxant. This compound was shown to be efficacious as an anti\u2010ischemic agent in vivo without affecting hemodynamic variables, a potential liability of first\u2010generation compounds. The mechanism of tissue selectivity is not clear at present but it may be related to the existence of receptor subtypes in different tissues. Further work is required to identify the binding proteins for KATP openers and probe their relationship with KATP in different tissues. The identification of agents such as BMS\u2010180448 has provided important pharmacologic and clinical tools to address these and other questions regarding the role of KATP in a disease state.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":29772442,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2003432927","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/00005344-199424004-00003","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The current shortcomings in Japanese medical education are highlighted by identifying four major areas of concern, based on the author's personal observations at Keio University Hospital. The first of these is a woeful lack of clinical skills among Japanese medical students and residents. This lack springs directly from the complete absence of any bedside clinical instruction, which constitutes the second area of concern. The third is the attitude of faculty towards teaching as a burden that detracts and diverts them from their primary goal of academic advancement through research. Finally, there is no recognition of the value of a problem-based approach to teaching clinical medicine, so that clinical problem-solving skills have atrophied to the point of near-extinction in the current generation of Japanese physicians. The promise of problem-based learning (PBL) provides a crucial starting point for efforts to change the system. PBL emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach to clinical problems, and a reliance on critical thinking--the basis of primary care. This contrasts with the selective and highly specialized approach to disease, and reliance on sophisticated technology, which are hallmarks of specialty care. The effort to reform medical education will fail without visionary leadership and without the willingness to confront the truth, as unpleasant as it may seem to be. Both these crucial elements exist at Keio University at this critical juncture. It is this happy confluence that emboldens the author to hope that the future of reform is in good hands at this august institution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2017-13":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":32238604,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2065221511","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2302\/KJM.55.41","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, four amorphous samples of loratadine were prepared by quench-cooling the melted drug at different temperatures. With these samples, the crystallization tendencies were tested by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and non-isothermal cold crystallization kinetics was investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the molecular dynamics both in super-cooled liquid and in glassy states was analyzed by using broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) at a temperature range from 213 to 393 K. From the PXRD results, it was established that the four amorphous loratadine samples were apt to crystallize at a temperature below the glass transition temperature. From the DSC results, it was found that the non-isothermal crystallization mechanism of these four loratadine forms was similar. However, the fast crystallization tendency (low physical stability) was also observed for the amorphous loratadine which was obtained at a low quench-cooling temperature. The tendency was analyzed based on the BDS results which demonstrated that rapid molecular mobility could generate a low physical stability and was closely related to Johari\u2013Goldstein relaxation. These results suggested that loratadine had a weak frustration against crystallization and its physical stability was affected by the quench-cooling temperature. This study laid a foundation for choosing the right technique to prepare the amorphous form of loratadine and improving its physical stability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":100336824,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2558998733","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C6CE01645F","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Na+ current of 'swimming motor neurones' in the hydromedusan Polyorchis penicillatus was tetrodotoxin-insensitive. The local anaesthetics lidocaine and procainamide caused partial, non use-dependent blockade of the Na+ channel. Veratridine produced partial blockade of the Na+ channel without affecting inactivation. An order of blocking potency of di- and trivalent cations was established as: La3+ = Zn2+ = Cd2+ > Ni2+ > Mn2+ = Co2+ > Ca2+ > Ba2+ > Mg2+. All these cations, except Ba2+, produced depolarizing shifts in the conductance-voltage curves. Even at relatively high concentrations, the dihydropyridines nicardipine, nitrendipine and (+)Bay K 8644 produced only weak blockade of the Na+ current; while nimodipine, nifedipine and (-)Bay K 8644 were ineffective. Diltiazem and verapamil weakly blocked the Na+ current in a dose-dependent manner with no evidence of use-dependence. The calmodulin inhibitors W7 and calmidazolium were ineffective blockers of Na+ currents. Crude Conus venoms and the Conus peptides, \u00b5-conotoxin GIIA, \u00b5O-conotoxin MrVIA, omega-conotoxin GVIA and omega-conotoxin MVIIC, were without effect. Capsaicin produced rapid, reversable blockade of Na+ current. It has been suggested that 'primitive' Na+ channels could be expected to have pharmacological properties that are intermediate between those of Na+ and Ca2+ channels. If such channels exist, the Na+ channel described here is clearly not one of them.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":2432453,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2414919862","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ferredoxin-NADP(H) reductase (FNR) catalyses the final step of the photosynthetic electron transport in chloroplasts. Using an antisense RNA strategy to reduce expression of this flavoenzyme in transgenic tobacco plants, it has been demonstrated that FNR mediates a rate-limiting step of photosynthesis under both limiting and saturating light conditions. Here, we show that these FNR-deficient plants are abnormally prone to photo-oxidative injury. When grown under autotrophic conditions for 3 weeks, specimens with 20-40% extant reductase undergo leaf bleaching, lipid peroxidation and membrane damage. The magnitude of the effect was proportional to the light intensity and to the extent of FNR depletion, and was accompanied by morphological changes involving accumulation of aberrant plastids with defective thylakoid stacking. Damage was initially confined to chloroplast membranes, whereas Rubisco and other stromal proteins began to decline only after several weeks of autotrophic growth, paralleled by partial recovery of NADPH levels. Exposure of the transgenic plants to moderately high irradiation resulted in rapid loss of photosynthetic capacity and accumulation of singlet oxygen in leaves. The collected results suggest that the extensive photo-oxidative damage sustained by plants impaired in FNR expression was caused by singlet oxygen building up to toxic levels in these tissues, as a direct consequence of the over-reduction of the electron transport chain in FNR-deficient chloroplasts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":44384928,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2105860912","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1046\/J.1365-313X.2003.01809.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This work proposes a query-by-singing (QBS) content-based music retrieval (CBMR) system that uses Approximate Karbunen\u2013Loeve transform for noise reduction. The proposed QBS-CBMR system uses a music clip as a search key. First, a 51-dimensional matrix containing 39-Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) features and 12-Chroma features are extracted from an input music clip. Next, adapted symbolic aggregate approximation (adapted SAX) is used to transform each dimension of features into a symbolic sequence. Each symbolic sequence corresponding to each dimension of MFCCs is then converted into a structure called advanced fast pattern index (AFPI) tree. The similarity between the query music clip and the songs in the database is evaluated by calculating a partial score for each AFPI tree. The final score is obtained by calculating the weighted sum of all partial scores, where the weighting of each partial score is determined by its entropy. Experimental results show that the proposed music retrieval system performs robustly and accurately with the entropy weighting mechanism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":5939156,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2313927347","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/ATSIP.2016.4","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In solid breeder blanket design of fusion power plants, the ceramic breeder pebble bed plays a very important role. Its mechanical and thermal properties are necessary to design the blanket. In this study, thermomechancal properties of the bed such as effective thermal conductivity and stress-strain relation are investigated by means of numerical simulation. A discrete element manner is adopted in the simulation in order to clarify the influence of the individual particle properties upon the bulk behavior. As a result, the thermo-mechanical properties of pebble bed were well re-created in a computational space by means of the numerical model used in this study.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-06":1,"2013-48":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":123373599,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2468864484","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.13182\/FST09-A8892","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Romanian agriculture has experienced major challenges and changes after the integration into European Union in 2007. The whole process of adapting the national agriculture to the EU-27 agricultural paradigm has imposed redesigning the inland financing mechanism. The new CAP reform brings both new opportunities and major constrains for Romanian agriculture. In this context, the main aim of this chapter is to present a descriptive analysis regarding the effects of greening the CAP mechanism on Romanian agriculture, during the 2014-2020 financial framework.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":58920467,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2263027082","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective:To establish the effectiveness of cidofovir for AIDS-related progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in patients concomitantly receiving combination antiretroviral therapy. Design:Analysis of raw data pooled from one prospective and five cohort studies. Setting:Tertiary care centers for the treatment of HIV-associated complications. Patients:Three hundred seventy HIV-infected PML patients diagnosed from 1996 treated with combination antiretroviral therapy with or without cidofovir. All studies had already published their results but for four of them, additional patients and follow-up data are included in this report. Follow-up was started from the date of first abnormal neuroimaging; those treated with cidofovir were entered at risk at the date of cidofovir initiation.Main study outcomes were time to PML-related death and odds of 12-month moderately severe to severe disability (Rankin score \u22654). Results:Sixty-four percent of the PML cases were confirmed by histopathology or JC virus DNA detection in cerebrospinal fluid; 185 (50%) received cidofovir (median five cycles). During 463 person-years of follow-up, 167 PML-related deaths occurred (36.6 per 100 person-years of follow-up). Estimated 1 year survival was 0.56 (95% confidence interval, 0.50\u20130.61). In multivariate models stratified by cohort and adjusted for type of diagnosis and relevant prognostic confounders, cidofovir treatment was not associated with survival (hazard ratio for death 0.93, 0.66\u20131.32). Results were similar using time to death from any cause as the outcome. Furthermore, 12-month moderately severe to severe disability was not associated with the use of cidofovir. Conclusion:In combination antiretroviral therapy-treated PML patients, cidofovir use did not influence PML-related mortality or residual disability. New treatments for AIDS-related PML are urgently needed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":12974656,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1997204666","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32830a5043","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This report is about the shear force design of reinforced concrete according to Europe's common dimension rules, Eurocode. The purpose is to describe the calculation procedure and the background to the formulas and expressions that occurs. Furthermore results from different calculation methods (hand calculations and computer calculations) will be compared to see how they differ.The goal with this is to go through the parts of Eurocode dealing with shear force and that this will lead to a clear review of these. You should also be able to see how results and the calculation procedure differ between different calculation methods. The reason of that is to see if it, in some cases, can be worth to spend some more time on calculations by hand.By the report you can see that, in many cases, the calculations made by hand leads to a smaller amount of shear reinforcement than the calculations in the computer programs. It may therefore be worth to calculate some designs by hand, especially since there was quite a difference in some cases. This is of course a judgment that has to be made for every single case by its own, since it takes considerably longer time to calculate a construction by hand than in a computer program.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":107447636,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"67664329","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Considers problems motivated by the dynamic allocation of limited heterogeneous resources in new product development (NPD) projects. The interchangeability of resources and simultaneous resource sharing are defining characteristics of NPD processes. A continuous flow model is introduced that incorporates these features. For problems without activity precedence constraints, a linear program is presented which yields the minimum completion time for all activities. A dynamic, rule-based algorithm is shown to be optimal for two resources processing a multiple-activity arrival stream. For problems with precedence constraints, some special cases are solved, and structural properties of the class of optimal controls for the general problem are discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-20":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":16481908,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2100029979","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.2002.800740","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"When a computer code is used to simulate a complex system, one of the fundamental tasks is to assess the sensitivity of the simulator to the different input parameters. This is often accomplished via a surrogate statistical model, a statistical output emulator, in the case of computationally expensive simulators. An effective emulator is one that provides good approximations to the computer code output for wide ranges of input values. In addition, an emulator should be able to handle large dimensional simulation output for a relevant number of inputs; it should flexibly capture heterogeneities in the variability of the response surface; it should be fast to evaluate for arbitrary combinations of input parameters, and it should provide an accurate quantification of the emulation uncertainty. In this paper we discuss the Bayesian approach to multivariate adaptive regression splines (BMARS) as an emulator for a computer model that outputs curves. We introduce modifications to traditional BMARS approaches that allow for fitting large amounts of data and allow for more efficient MCMC sampling. We emphasize the ease with which sensitivity analysis can be performed in this situation. We present a sensitivity analysis of a computer model of the deformation of a protective plate used in pressure driven experiments. Our example serves as an illustration of the ability of BMARS emulators to fulfill all the necessities of computability, flexibility and reliable calculation on relevant measures of sensitivity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":262559924,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2593191074","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5705\/SS.202016.0130","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Questions such as biomolecular interactions, kinetics of enzymes, DNA conformational changes, cellular structures properties (among others) are addressed by characterizing the biological function of molecules. This function depends on their structure and their dynamic properties, and are usually studied with optical labels. A widely used technique for that purpose is fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) that adopts fluorophores as reporters of dynamic processes. However, photobleaching limits the observation time on the one hand, and saturation at high excitation intensities imposes constraints for the study of fast molecular processes on the other hand. Gold nanoparticles (NPs) are labels of particular interest to overcome these drawbacks due to their photostability, low cytotoxicity and their availability with biocompatible surface coatings. In addition, NPs have found widespread application in life sciences and medicine, such as labels for optical imaging, carriers for drug and gene delivery, targets for cancer cell imaging and phototherapy, and contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These applications all require methods to characterize their behaviour in a biological environment. Medical use of NPs usually requires intravenous injection. Once NPs are introduced into the blood stream they become exposed to biomolecules in the plasma that form a so-called protein corona. Obviously, knowledge about this interaction is needed for a safe medical application of NPs. The uptake of NPs by cells depends mainly on this protein corona. It is thus very important to understand the structural and dynamic properties of the protein corona at the molecular level to judge the fate of NPs in the human body prior to clinical studies. We introduce Optical Coherence Correlation Spectroscopy (OCCS) which exploits the backscattered light of NPs illuminated by a broadband light source. Due to the measurement of a scattering signal, OCCS gives access to long time scales that are hardly accessible with FCS experiments. The signal acquisition is similar to Fourier-domain optical coherence microscopy (FDOCM) with a dark-field contrast. We present the theory of OCCS based on auto-correlation analysis. Numerical simulations were used to estimate the performance of our new spectroscopy method and to build an analytical model for the auto-correlation function for measuring the diffusion coefficient and concentration of NPs in solution. An application to the study of the protein corona on NPs is presented. The hydrodynamic radius of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with adsorbed bovine serum albumin (BSA) is measured under physiological conditions using OCCS.We also aimed at improving the detection of these NPs in highly scattering environments, for instance inside a cell. Photothermal optical lock-in OCCS (poli-OCCS) is proposed, which exploits the absorption properties of gold NPs to generate a specific signal due to the photothermal effect. Poli-OCCS is introduced and first proof-of-principle measurements with gold NPs are presented.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":137533375,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1717040285","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5075\/EPFL-THESIS-6342","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nTo determine whether the mechanical properties of first-generation interlocking femoral nails are different from those of second-generation interlocking femoral nails in a subtrochanteric femur fracture model.\n\n\nDESIGN\nRandomized laboratory investigation using a synthetic subtrochanteric femur fracture model.\n\n\nSETTING\nSimulated stable and unstable fractures were created at three levels in the subtrochanteric region of synthetic femora. Instrumented specimens were tested elastically in a biomaterials testing system.\n\n\nINTERVENTION\nSynthetic femora were instrumented with either a statically locked first-generation femoral nail or a statically locked second-generation femoral nail.\n\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS\nElastic stiffness for both the stable and unstable fracture groups was measured in both compression and torsion. Unstable fracture specimens were tested to failure in compression, and load to failure was measured.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThroughout the subtrochanteric region, second-generation femoral nail constructs were consistently stiffer in compression and torsion than were statically locked first-generation femoral nail constructs. In general, second-generation constructs also withstood larger loads to failure in the unstable fracture model.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nSecond-generation nails provided significantly enhanced mechanical stiffness compared with first-generation femoral nails when used to treat both stable and unstable subtrochanteric femur fractures. Although these results were obtained by using a well-controlled, mechanically consistent model, clinical validation of an increased incidence of fracture unions or of decreased time to union is required before we can recommend that second-generation nails be used routinely to treat subtrochantenic femur fractures.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":35021247,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1963770500","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-199806000-00005","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The turn of the nineteenth century saw a philosophy directed towards linguistic epistemology and when this influence reached academia in general it became known as the linguistic turn. In historiography this turn happened in the second half of the twentieth century and one direction was towards semantics and concepts. The focus on concepts can be seen as an essential focus in historiography after the linguistic turn because concepts carry meaning and are thus the link between language (text) and historical reality (context). A conceptual analysis is a reliable source for past meaning. It is not only the German tradition of Begr\u00ffsgeschichte that can be seen as the history of concepts, although this is the traditional understanding of conceptual history. Histories o f concepts can be socio-political as Begriffsgeschichte and works by Skinner, Pocock, Jonathan Clark and Stedman Jones, but also cultural like works by Stuart Clark, Foucault and Sandmo. In addition, there are similarities between gender history and conceptual history. Gender history is also a consequence of the linguistic turn and identity analysis of gender includes conceptual analysis. Notable academics in this field include Denise Riley, Judith Butler, John Boswell and Foucault. These approaches have in common a belief in the power of essential concepts power over society and social changes. Reinhart Koselleck and Michel Foucault are two historians with awareness of linguistics and their own conceptual methodology. Their approaches are, nevertheless, quite different and they use conceptual history for different purposes. Koselleck's writing is linked to his ideas on modernity and he finds Begriffsgeschichte the most suitable method to describe changes. Modernity can be seen as a conceptualisation process. Foucault sees language as power, and thus conceptual analysis is a critical method he uses to find the truth behind given ! I; power structures. Histories of concepts will always be critical disciplines. '","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":158328386,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2805560425","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A mechanical analysis of an orthopedic knee implant is presented. The analysis is performed on an orthopedic knee implant that utilizes repelling magnets placed on the articulating surfaces of the tibia and the femur. The repelling magnets theoretically serve to decrease the contact force and friction within the knee joint. A three-dimensional mathematical model of the human knee joint is utilized to analyze the mechanical effects of the implants within the knee. The geometry of the surface and the effects of the ligaments are incorporated into the model. The. model is evaluated at several flexion angles. The placement of the magnets within the knee joint is varied, and magnet strengths are proposed. The model is then solved for the contact forces at the knee joint with and without the implanted magnets. The decrease in contact force due to the presence of the magnets within the knee joint is evaluated. The initial implant design consisted of a total of four magnets on the femoral surface, two medial and two lateral, and two magnets on the tibial surface, one medial and one lateral. The initial design was evaluated and the conclusion was made that a more effective design could be proposed. An implant that utilized a series of three magnets on both the medial and lateral femoral surfaces repelling against a single magnet placed on both the medial and lateral aspects of the tibial plateau was analyzed. The final conclusion was made that the alternate design using six magnets on the femoral articulating surface and two on the tibial articulating surface is indicated to be the preferred mechanical placement for magnets within the human knee joint. A summary of results for the initially proposed implant design and the alternative design options are presented.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":69056551,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"161468942","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"On October 2, 1994 a magnitude 3.4 earthquake occurred near the town of Hardwick, Massachusetts. Near the epicenter and in surrounding towns, this earthquake generated ground motion at the level of intensity IV on the Modified Mercalli scale. The rate of seismic activity is quite low in this area, even when compared to the generally low rate of activity in some of the more \"active\" parts of the northeastern United States. Thus, the occurrence of the 1994 earthquake motivated an investigation of the history of seismic activity in central Massachusetts. The record of seismicity in central Massachusetts extends back to the early 1800's, and during that period of time there have been about a dozen small earthquakes in the area (magnitudes ranging from 1.6 to 3.4). Earthquake-generated ground motion at the level of about intensity IV has been reported for five earthquakes in this area. Between 1939 and 1946, the area near the 1994 epicenter was evacuated and flooded to create the Quabbin Reservoir (with a capacity of 1.6 km 3 of water). Because of the presence of this reservoir in the epicentral area, we were curious as to whether or not the 1994 earthquake, or any of the other earthquakes in this area, might have been reservoir-induced. Based on our initial analysis of locations and magnitudes of earthquakes in the study area, there appeared to have been an increase in the level of earthquake activity in the vicinity of the reservoir, beginning at about the time that the reservoir was filled. A more detailed analysis of earthquake catalogs and felt effects of earthquakes that occurred in 1854, 1931, 1951, and 1994, however, revealed that there is no strong evidence of such an increase in seismicity near the reservoir.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":131422137,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2331641641","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1785\/GSSRL.70.4.446","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Concomitant administration of herbs and synthetic drugs causes pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions. Objectives: To investigate pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions between Syzygium cumini (S. cumini, SC) and Glipizide (GZ) and the role of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in interaction. Methods: The effect of the aqueous seed extract of S. cumini (50 and 100 \u03bcg) on CYP3A was studied using in vitro liver microsomes. The interaction of GZ, a second-generation sulphonylurea, with S. cumini was examined in Sprague Dawley rats with type 2 diabetes induced through the administration of a high-fat diet, followed by Streptozotocin (STZ) injection. We administered 5mg\/kg GZ and 250 and 400 mg\/kg S. cumini seeds aqueous extract orally. Pharmacodynamic parameters were evaluated by analysing blood glucose, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) levels and by conducting the oral glucose tolerance test. The pharmacokinetics of GZ in combination with S. cumini was studied on the 14th day of treatment. Plasma levels were determined through LCMS at various time points (1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 hr after oral administration). Results: The hypoglycaemic effect exerted by the combination of GZ and S. cumini was significantly higher than that exerted by GZ and S. cumini administered alone but not below the normal level. Treatment with GZ and S. cumini caused a significant changein ALT and ALP levels compared with treatment with GZ alone. Pre-treatment with S. cumini increased the AUC of GZ, which could be due to CYP3A inhibition observed in in-vitro analysis. Conclusion: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions occur between S. cumini and GZ.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":164934745,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2944066696","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5530\/IJPER.53.3S.97","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"When a droplet impacts upon a surface heated above the liquid's boiling point, the droplet either comes into contact with the surface and boils immediately (contact boiling), or is supported by a developing vapor layer and bounces back (film boiling, or Leidenfrost state). We study the transition between these characteristic behaviors and how it is affected by parameters such as impact velocity, surface temperature, and controlled roughness (i.e., micro-structures fabricated on silicon surfaces). In the film boiling regime, we show that the residence time of droplets impacting upon the surface strongly depends on the drop size. We also show that the maximum spreading factor \u0393 of droplets in this regime displays a universal scaling behavior \u0393 [similar] We3\/10, which can be explained by taking into account the drag force of the vapor flow under the drop. This argument also leads to predictions for the scaling of film thickness and velocity of the vapor shooting out of the gap between the drop and the surface. In the contact boiling regime, we show that the structured surfaces induce the formation of vertical liquid jets during the spreading stage of impacting droplets","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":51744047,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2073710254","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C3SM27643K","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For many countries, remittance behaviour by migrants is an important component of their overall international financial flows. The empirical literature has, so far, analysed the propensity to remit as a function of migrants' socio-economic characteristics. However, no studies have fully addressed the empirical implications of remittance behaviour being determined in the broader context of migrants' labour, income and consumption allocation strategy. On the contrary, the migrant's income has almost always been treated as exogenous in this context. The aim of this study is to estimate a remittance equation that detects the main determinants of remittance behaviour while addressing endogeneity and reverse causality relationships between remittances, income, consumption and savings. Moreover, since a large share of individuals do not remit money at all, an instrumental variable variant of the double-hurdle selection model is proposed and estimated by LIML. A sending country perspective is adopted in the empirical analysis by considering the first cohort of the Longitudinal Survey of Immigrants to Australia. We find that endogeneity is substantial and that estimates obtained by the methods previously employed in the literature may be very misleading if given a behavioural interpretation. Our results confirm some theoretical predictions and shed light on others; notably, we show that \"selfish\" motives in remitters are at least as important as \"altruistic\" motives.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":28554865,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1573365772","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1498325","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.econstor.eu\/bitstream\/10419\/48258\/1\/664206425.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The main \"energy saving indicator,\" from among nine green building indicators, evaluates the electrical power consumption of air conditioners and lighting. This study developed a small indoor personal office system with a 500W proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM fuel cell) as the power source, composed of LED indoor lighting, air fan, LED table lamp, notebook computer, printer, and acoustic equipment. Under continuous operations of 24h, this office system will generate 12kwh of electricity, which reduces 7.656kg of carbon dioxide output. If continuously operated for 1 year, it will generate 4,320kwh electricity, which reduces 2,756.16kg of carbon dioxide output. In addition, the side product water can be recycled as landscape water.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110790207,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2043501561","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.71-78.2336","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study assesses the unique chemistry of the Spring River of Arkansas. The Spring River supports one of the most diverse fish fauna in the south-central region of the United States and is an economic base for this region of Arkansas. The mouth of the Spring River in northeast Arkansas is located at Mammoth Spring where 34 million L of water per hour flow out of the spring mouth at a constant temperature of about 15\u00b0C. This slightly alkaline, high-Ca water, \"warm\" end member mixes with cooler downstream waters derived primarily from surface runoff. The variation in temperature and activity of complexing ligands leads to speciation of metals. We examined the temporal and spatial variations in metal species abundances and found that the availability of toxic forms of metals such as Pb, V, Cd, and Cu is highest during base flow and decreases at times of high runoff. Bioavailability of toxic metal species, in the context of ecotoxicology, was also explored. Metal content in fish gills, liver, and muscle was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. These concentrations were compared to the chemistry of dissolved load, with particular attention to the relative abundance of metal species. This study establishes the link between metal accumulation in predatory fish with high abundances of bioavailable metals in regions of the river dominated by base flow.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":96886199,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2103662193","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1306\/EG.10010303019","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We propose a new domain adaptation method for Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) parsing, based on the idea of automatic generation of CCG corpora exploiting cheaper resources of dependency trees. Our solution is conceptually simple, and not relying on a specific parser architecture, making it applicable to the current best-performing parsers. We conduct extensive parsing experiments with detailed discussion; on top of existing benchmark datasets on (1) biomedical texts and (2) question sentences, we create experimental datasets of (3) speech conversation and (4) math problems. When applied to the proposed method, an off-the-shelf CCG parser shows significant performance gains, improving from 90.7% to 96.6% on speech conversation, and from 88.5% to 96.8% on math problems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":174799272,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2964265720","ACL":"P19-1013","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1013","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1906.01834"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"During the 1960s, in such works as Man the Hunter, scholars constructed a model of cultural evolution in which men were characterized as \"cooperative hunters of big game.\" Women fit neatly into this model, such books as Woman the Gatherer explained, as gatherers of plant food. In spite of evidence of hunting by women, this model-which incorporated the unexamined assumption that women in prehistory were \"immobilized\" by pregnancy, lactation, and child care and therefore needed to be left at a home base-came to dominate archaeological interpretation of the economic roles of men and women. Women in Prehistory challenges this model and undertakes an examination of the archaeological record informed by insights into the cultural construction of gender that have emerged from scholarship in history, anthropology, biology, and related disciplines. Along with analysis of burial assemblages and of representations of gendered individuals, contributors study bone chemistry, assessment of skeletal pathologies, micro- and macro-scale distributional evidence, as well as analogical arguments from ethnoarchaeology and ethnohistory to discuss pottery, shell matrix sites, skeletal material, the domestic setting, and spinning.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":128986442,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1512013323","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Prefabricated bridge columns have shown increasing demands over the past few years due to their advantages compared to conventional bridge columns. The reason for this interest is due to their appropriate performance against severe earthquakes (EQs), where they remain functional and repairable with lower amount of cracks and damage. However, there is some uncertainty on application of these kinds of bridge columns in high seismic areas mainly due to lack of knowledge on their behaviour against severe earthquake loading. Therefore, comprehensive design guidelines which consider nonlinearity and energy dissipation and recentring capacity of the post-tensioning (PT) segmental columns are necessary. In this study, continuous steel bars are incorporated as starters through the segments and footing foundation in order to increase the seismic energy absorption of PT segmental columns. The influences of different parameters such as the force level criteria for post-tensioning, steel jacketing and mild steel ratio and column aspect ratio (AR) are important factors which have to be appropriately selected in various design procedures, such as displacement-based design, in order to achieve desirable stiffness, strength, equivalent viscous damping and lateral seismic demand. In this study, the cyclic loading and ground motion excitations were numerically performed in order to evaluate the bridge column seismic demands. Guidelines for performance-based design and displacement-based design are proposed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":73721489,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2585175400","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5772\/65489","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5772\/65489","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The goal of this master thesis was to model and evaluate a new RFID sensor technology developed at GE research. The sensor uses an ordinary RFID tag to simultaneously sense the temperature and conductivity of a liquid placed on the other side of a plastic membrane. This is accomplished by using a reader antenna and a network analyzer to perform a frequency sweep to calculate the impedance at the different frequencies. Because the resonant circuit properties change with temperature and the conductivity of the liquid the resulting spectrum can be used to calculate the temperature and conductivity. This is done using a mathematical method called Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The model used to describe the system is a simple circuit involving two smaller circuits connected inductively through two coils. This model was then used together with measurements to find the temperature and conductivity dependence of the different components in the model. The resulting simulation captured the bulk of the behavior of the system. PCA analysis was performed on the simulated data and compared to measurements. Considerations of noise was added and evaluated. This shows that even through there are some issues with the model it can predict certain behaviors of the sensor.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":111285031,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2185887026","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Theory building in science requires replication and integration of findings regarding a particular research question. Second-order meta-analysis (i.e., a meta-analysis of meta-analyses) offers a powerful tool for achieving this aim, and we use this technique to illuminate the controversial field of cognitive training. Recent replication attempts and large meta-analytic investigations have shown that the benefits of cognitive-training programs hardly go beyond the trained task and similar tasks. However, it is yet to be established whether the effects differ across cognitive-training programs and populations (children, adults, and older adults). We addressed this issue by using second-order meta-analysis. In Models 1 (k = 99) and 2 (k = 119), we investigated the impact of working-memory training on near-transfer (i.e., memory) and far-transfer (e.g., reasoning, speed, and language) measures, respectively, and whether it is mediated by the type of population. Model 3 (k = 233) extended Model 2 by adding six meta-analyses assessing the far-transfer effects of other cognitive-training programs (video-games, music, chess, and exergames). Model 1 showed that working-memory training does induce near transfer, and that the size of this effect is moderated by the type of population. By contrast, Models 2 and 3 highlighted that far-transfer effects are small or null. Crucially, when placebo effects and publication bias were controlled for, the overall effect size and true variance equaled zero. That is, no impact on far-transfer measures was observed regardless of the type of population and cognitive-training program. The lack of generalization of skills acquired by training is thus an invariant of human cognition.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":149660165,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2803336185","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1525\/COLLABRA.203","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"AIMS To evaluate the incidence of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite instability (MI) in pterygia and their possible correlation with clinical variables. METHODS 50 pterygia, blood, and conjunctival specimens were obtained. A personal and family history was recorded for each patient. Amplification of 15 microsatellite markers at regions 17p, 17q, 13q, 9p, and 9q was performed using the polymerase chain reaction. The electrophoretic pattern of DNA from pterygia was compared with the respective pattern from blood and conjunctiva. RESULTS LOH incidence was the highest at 9p (48%), followed by 17q (42%). Only three cases displayed MI. LOH incidence at individual markers was positively correlated with recurrence (D9S59, p=0.11 and D9S270, p=0.16), family history of neoplasia (D13S175, p=0.09), altitude of present residence ( D9S112, p=0.1), duration of the existence of pterygium (D9S144, p=0.06), and inversely correlated with age (D9S59, p=0.09). Concerning chromosome arms, LOH was positively correlated with the altitude of present residence (13q and 17p, p=0.03) and duration of the existence of pterygium (13q and 17p, p=0.09). CONCLUSIONS LOH is a common event whereas MI is a very uncommon one at the examined markers in pterygium, indicating the presence of putative tumour suppressor genes implicated in the aetiopathogenesis of the disease. The fact that LOH at 9q31\u201333 was more frequent in recurrent pterygia and also correlated with known risk factors such as young age and high altitude of residence, implies a possible predictive value of this finding for postoperative recurrence.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":11386787,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2082635831","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.82.11.1324","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/bjo.bmj.com\/content\/bjophthalmol\/82\/11\/1324.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of telehealth interventions used in anxiety management during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct, Web of Science, ProQuest Central, and Google Scholar databases were searched. A total of 7 studies were included, 3 of which were randomized controlled trials and 4 of which were quasi -ex-perimental designs, published between January 2020 and May 2021. Results: For telehealth interventions in anxiety management, although mixed methods were also used, it was ob-served that online video conferencing (WeChat, SpinChat), telephone calls providing telenursing and tele-education, internet-based integrated intervention, and voice recording were effective. The time allocated for interventions and training included 5 sessions, including sessions of at least 15-20 minutes, and a total of 24 sessions, including sessions of 45-60 minutes at most. Conclusion: According to the studies, telehealth interventions during the pandemic were effective in reducing the anxiety levels of systemic sclerosis patients, patients diagnosed with COVID-19, pregnant women, and vulnerable indi-viduals, like mothers with preschool children with autism and people supported by charities.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":254626724,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.14744\/phd.2022.00378","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14744\/phd.2022.00378","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This book covers topics appropriate for a first-year graduate course preparing students for the doctorate degree. The first half of the book presents the core of measure theory, including an introduction to the Fourier transform. This material can easily be covered in a semester. The second half of the book treats basic functional analysis and can also be covered in a semester. After the basics, it discusses linear transformations, duality, the elements of Banach algebras, and C*-algebras. It concludes with a characterization of the unitary equivalence classes of normal operators on a Hilbert space. The book is self-contained and only relies on a background in functions of a single variable and the elements of metric spaces. Following the author's belief that the best way to learn is to start with the particular and proceed to the more general, it contains numerous examples and exercises.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":118001407,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"600720470","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1090\/gsm\/141","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/www.ams.org\/gsm\/141\/gsm141.pdf","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Lessons learned in the field of biology like human breathing often becomes a tough lesson to understand because in biology lessons often rely solely on pictures in the textbooks, while students can sometimes interpret the picture differently. One way to understand the biology of the concept could use multimedia applications these applications would pack the human respiratory system become lessons interactive and engaging, where users will be involved in the learning process. The material in this interactive media among others are breathing and respiratory phase, respiratory organs, respiratory gas transport mechanisms in the alveoli and respiratory disease. There is also a test to measure the level of understanding the user that has been studied from this application. Applications created by using Adobe Flash CS6. Simulation and animation in the application will greatly assist the user in understanding the material. Therefore user's interest in learning is increased, coupled with the easiness of application usage and user friendly","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":109163889,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1763709791","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"There is an enormous initiative to establish the genetic basis for disorders of brain function. Unfortunately, genetic intervention is not accomplished easily in the nervous system. One strategy is to engineer and deliver to neurons specialized viral vectors that carry a gene (or genes) of interest, thereby exploiting the natural ability of viruses to insert genetic material into cells. When delivered to brain cells, these vectors cause infected cells to increase the expression of the genes of interest. The ability to deliver genes into neurons in vitro and in vivo with herpes simplex virus (HSV) amplicon vectors has made it possible to carry out exactly these sorts of experiments. This technology has the potential to offer new insights into the etiology of a wide variety of neuropsychiatric disorders. We describe the use of HSV amplicon vectors to study Alzheimer disease, drug addiction, and depression, and discuss the considerations that enter into the use of these vectors both in vitro and in vivo. The HSV amplicon virus is a user-friendly vector for the delivery of genes into neurons that has come of age for the study of brain function.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":9303617,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2037267899","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2144\/05393PS01","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Breeding for cocoa pod borer (CPB) resistance on cocoa was initiated by selecting the resistant genotypes through cocoa farm in the endemic area. For breeding purpose the collected genotypes should be assessed for their diver- sity in constructing appropriate mating design. This research has objective to assess genetic diversity of the exploratory collection using DNA fingerprinting. The tested clones were 25 exploratory collections compared to the references of seven international clones from International Cocoa Genebanks, Trinidad and 12 national clones. DNA of the tested clones was sequenced using 15 SSR markers at Sustainable Perennial Crop Laboratory of Beltsville Agriculture Research Center. Data of fingerprinting were analyzed using GenAlEx program to perform number of alleles, observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He) and genetic distance. The tested clones performed high genetic diversity with the number of alleles was 98 (6.53 per locus) compared to the national clones and international clones were 95 (6.33 per locus) and 86 (5.73 per locus), respectively. The observed heterozygosity of the tested clones (Ho = 0.63) was higher than national clones (Ho = 0.60) and international clones (Ho = 0.49) then supported by the expected heterozygosity (He) of the tested clones (He = 0.71) also high in equal value with international clones (He = 0.74). Cluster analysis grouped the tested clones to three main genetic groups, namely Trinitario, Forastero and unidentified group. The CPB-resistant clones of ARDACIAR 10 and KW 397 were clustered in different group that indicate a far distance of their genetic back- ground.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":88593943,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2556197958","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract : As part of a program of quantum-chemical calculations on chemical reactivity and ballistic chemistry, the authors have calculated the elctronic structures of pyrrole and its aza derivatives by the CNDO\/2 method. The variation with structure of the calculated electron-distributions for these molecules can be understood in terms of organic chemical concepts such as resonance and inductive effects, with sigma-pi electron repulsion apparently playing a role in some cases. The relative merits of idealized and experimental geometrical models in calculations of this type are discussed. Solvent and other effects which may affect the reliability of the calculated electron distributions are discussed. Comparisons between calculated and observed dipole moments are also given. (Author)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":92922677,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"336532383","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The role of autophagy, a catabolic lysosome-dependent pathway, has recently been recognized in a variety of disorders, including Pompe disease, the genetic deficiency of the glycogen-degrading lysosomal enzyme acid-alpha glucosidase. Accumulation of lysosomal glycogen, presumably transported from the cytoplasm by the autophagic pathway, occurs in multiple tissues, but pathology is most severe in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Skeletal muscle pathology also involves massive autophagic buildup in the core of myofibers. To determine if glycogen reaches the lysosome via autophagy and to ascertain whether autophagic buildup in Pompe disease is a consequence of induction of autophagy and\/or reduced turnover due to defective fusion with lysosomes, we generated muscle-specific autophagy-deficient Pompe mice. We have demonstrated that autophagy is not required for glycogen transport to lysosomes in skeletal muscle. We have also found that Pompe disease involves induction of autophagy but manifests as a functional deficiency of autophagy because of impaired autophagosomal-lysosomal fusion. As a result, autophagic substrates, including potentially toxic aggregate-prone ubiquitinated proteins, accumulate in Pompe myofibers and may cause profound muscle damage.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2014-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":2173917,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2136000647","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn292","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/hmg\/article-pdf\/17\/24\/3897\/1482645\/ddn292.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We confront the two opposing views of capital account liberalization in developing countries with a new firm-level dataset on investment, stock prices, and sales. In the three-year period following liberalizations, the growth rate of the typical firm's capital stock exceeds its pre-liberalization mean by an average of 5.4 percentage points. The return to capital rises in the post-liberalization period, suggesting that the investment boom does not constitute a wasteful binge. In the cross section, changes in investment are significantly correlated with the signals about fundamentals embedded in the stock price changes that occur upon liberalization. Panel data estimations show that a 1-percentage point increase in a firm's expected future cash flow predicts a 4.1-percentage point increase in its investment; the country-specific shock to the cost of capital predicts a 2.3-percentage point increase in investment; firm-specific changes in risk premia do not affect investment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":153503068,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1562864406","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3386\/W10318","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, differences in return autocorrelation across weekdays have been investigated. Our research provides strong evidence of the importance on non-trading periods, not only weekends and holidays but also overnight closings, to explain return autocorrelation anomalies. While stock returns are highly autocorrelated, specially on Mondays, when daily returns are computed on a open-to-close basis, they do not exhibit any significant level of autocorrelation. Our results are compatible with the information processing hypotheses as an explanation of the weekend effect.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":8863984,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1556417866","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/SSRN.311525","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: The child with M\u00f6bius syndrome presenting for facial reanimation presents a difficult challenge. When bilateral paralysis and paresis preclude use of the contralateral facial nerve, the authors' preferred donor nerve for reinnervation of free muscle transfer is a branch of the trigeminal nerve, the ipsilateral nerve to the masseter. Methods: The authors have used a branch of the trigeminal nerve as a donor for three children with M\u00f6bius syndrome. Results: Of three children with M\u00f6bius syndrome, two are now able to smile independently of jaw closure. One child is now 2.6 years past bilateral free gracilis transfers completed at age 13.2 years. The second child is 8.2 years past free gracilis transfer to the left side of the face performed at age 7.6 years. The third child is 5.6 years past bilateral facial reanimation with free latissimus and free gracilis flaps completed at age 13.4 years. This child is not able to smile independently of jaw closure. The two who are able to smile independently of jaw closure demonstrated maximum excursion of the lateral commissure on the affected sides when asked to smile without biting; however, they demonstrated minimal excursion of the lateral commissure on the affected sides when asked to bite without trying to smile. Conclusions: These findings indicate that smiling independently of jaw closure is attainable with reanimation to the masseteric branch, refuting previous speculations. Early age at operation and absence of complete bilateral paralysis in these two children may have contributed to cortical adaptation to smiling.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":22420051,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2093789462","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/01.PRS.0000160266.81504.71","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An image processor used as a position transducer is treated on an input-output basis. If processing speed is sufficiently fast the input-output characteristic is independent of frequency and can be represented as a gain function. The input is a function of the image pattern (including intensity if grey level is used) and the output is used for control or other purposes but control is the issue considered here. A Fourier phase in conjunction with projection concepts is used to obtain control signals in the image processing. A solution to two-dimensional rotation of the object input pattern is presented. The technique can easily be extended to deal with dilation problem. Results that are important to closed loop design are included.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":23012303,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2150008378","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JRA.1986.1087042","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hyperspectral imaging is a useful technique for various computer vision tasks such as material recognition. However, such technique usually requires an expensive and professional setup and is time-consuming because a conventional hyperspectral image consists of a large number of observations. In this paper, we propose a novel technique of one-shot hyperspectral imaging using faced reflectors on which color filters are attached. The key idea is based on the principle that each of multiple reflections on the filters has a different spectrum, which allows us to observe multiple intensities through different spectra. Our technique can be implemented either by a coupled mirror or a kaleidoscope geometry. Experimental results show that our technique is capable of accurately capturing a hyperspectral image by using a coupled mirror setup which is readily available.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":21847254,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2740290864","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.288","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The function to prevent disaster has been given the most priority in the design of shore protection works in Japan. However, in recent years, the importance of easy access to coasts and waterfronts is increasingly recognized. Therefore, the design of shore protection works requires consideration of coastal scenery and utilization of the beach. To cope with these requirements, new types of shore protection works have been designed and investigated in the field and in laboratories. This paper considers one example of the procedure for the determination of the shore protection works that control beach erosion. Aspects of sea dikes of gentle slope and artificiaI reefs are discussed as two examples of new shore protection works in Japan.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":59246012,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1927837200","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Multiple anthropogenic impacts, including bleaching from climate change-related thermal stress, threaten coral reefs. Protecting coral capacity to respond to the increase in future thermal stress expected with climate change can involve (1) protecting coral reefs with characteristics indicative of greater resistance and resilience to climate change, and (2) reducing other anthropogenic impacts that are more likely to reduce coral resistance and resilience to climate change. Here, we quantitatively compare possible priorities and existing recommendations for protecting coral response capacity to climate change. Specifically, we explore the relative importance of the relevant dynamics, processes, and parameters in a sizestructured model of coral and zooxanthellae ecological and evolutionary dynamics given projected future thermal stress. Model results with varying initial conditions indicate that protecting diverse coral communities is critical, and protecting communities with higher abundances of more thermally tolerant coral species and symbiont types secondary, to the long-term maintenance of coral cover. A sensitivity analysis of the coral population size in each size class and the total coral cover with respect to all parameter values suggests greater relative importance of reducing additional anthropogenic impacts that affect coral\u2013macroalgal competition, early coral life history stages, and coral survivorship (compared with reproduction, growth, and shrinkage). Finally, model results with temperature trajectories from different locations, with and without connectivity, indicate that protection of, and connectivity to, low-thermal-stress locations may enhance the capacity for corals to respond to climate change.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2017-13":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":203613706,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"How our brains develop disparity tuned V1 and V2 cells and then integrate binocular disparity into 3-D perception of the visual world is still largely a mystery. Moreover, computational models that take into account the role of the 6-layer architecture of the laminar cortex and temporal aspects of visual stimuli are elusive for stereo. In this paper, we present cortex-inspired computational models that simulate the development of stereo receptive fields, and use developed disparity sensitive neurons to estimate binocular disparity. Not only do the results show that the use of top-down signals in the form of supervision or temporal context greatly improves the performance of the networks, but also results in biologically compatible cortical maps-the representation of disparity selectivity is grouped, and changes gradually along the cortex. To our knowledge, this work is the first neuromorphic, end-to-end model of laminar cortex that integrates temporal context to develop internal representation, and generates accurate motor actions in the challenging problem of detecting disparity in binocular natural images. The networks reach a subpixel average error in regression, and 0.90 success rate in classification, given limited resources.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":489464,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2096687174","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TAMD.2009.2038360","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Surveillance studies are mandatory to carefully monitor changing trends in Europe. Methods: Surveys on antibiotic resistance conducted in European hospitals were reviewed. Data were obtained from own studies, through searches of Medlines, Pubmed, abstracts and posters presented at meetings, from the World Wide Web and from surveillance studies conducted by the pharmaceutical industry. Results: A high prevalence of MRSA was found in most European hospitals, except in northern Europe, and an increasing trend in non-intensive care unit patients was observed. In most European hospitals, the prevalence of infections caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococci remains very low and most outbreaks have occurred in at-risk wards. No major changes of resistance among Enterobacteriaceae were observed. Very few of the major antibiotics are now reliably effective for the treatment of severe nosocomial carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter infections. Conclusions: Although antimicrobial resistance appears to be increasing all over Europe, it is difficult to accurately estimate the extent of this emerging problem. One of the main reasons for this can be attributed to the fact that the published susceptibility data are difficult to compare due to the different methods used, population bias, and clonal variation. Increasing antimicrobial resistance necessitates a critical appraisal of the remaining antibiotic treatment options.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2014-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":8213255,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2016463769","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1159\/000086919","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Thirty isolates of Listeria monocytogenes (12) and Listeria innocua (18) were isolated \nfrom poultry meat. All isolates were confirmed by Microbact (Medvet, Australia) \nidentification kits. All the isolates were subjected to chromosomal and plasmid \nDNA screening and antibiotic resistance test. Based on the antibiotic resistance \nprofiles, Listeria monocytogenes and Listeria innocua were differentiated into 10 and \n9 profiles respectively. The antibiotyping procedure discriminated the Listeria \nmonocytogenes and Listeria innocua into 10 and 3 different groups respectively. \nMost of the isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid (100%), c1indamycin (97%), \nspectinomycin (97%), cefuroxime (93%), cefriaxone (80%), cephalothin (73%), \ncefotaxime (67%), novobiocin (37%), chloramphenicol (27%), kanamycin (20%), \nrifampicin (20%), tobramycin (17%), norfloxacin (13%), netilmicin(10%) and imipenem (3%). The results of the plasmid profiles and antibiotyping show that \nthere is no correlation between them. RAPD-PCR has been used to generate \npolymorphic genomic fingerprints to discriminate the Listeria isolates. Primer \nGEN15009 was chosen whereby it produced reproducible and typeable results in \nall isolates examined with the bands ranging from 0.25 to 3.0 kilobase pairs. \nFrom the dendrogram generated L. monocytogenes were separated from L. innocua \nand the strains in each species were differentiated as well. The data indicate that \nRAPD-PCR based approaches is a valid means of discriminating strain \ndifferences among isolates of L. monocytogenes and L. innocua and as an adjunct to \ndifferentiate among Listeria spp.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":81785401,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"114380259","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"There has been substantial interest in recent years, among research workers and in health service management, in the potential use of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) as an aid to decision-making about the development of services and use of resources in health services (Gudex, 1986; Drummond, 1986). In 1986 the North Western Regional Health Authority (RHA) initiated the first large-scale attempt to use QALYs as a practical aid to planning in the National Health Service. This paper draws on the experience of the North Western RHA in examining some methodological and practical issues relating to the future of QALYs as an aid to decision-making in the Health Service.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":58058556,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2043433280","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/HPM.4740040403","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Composite materials have excellent mechanical properties and can be mechanically tailor designed, so the composite materials are widely used in civil engineering and structural system such as aerospace and shipbuilding industry. Numerous studies show that the damage of joints is main reason which results in composite structure failure. In this paper, extended finite element method (XFEM) is applied to investigate the failure load prediction of bolted single-lap composite joint. The influences of geometric parameter: edge-to-diameter (E\/D) on failure load is investigated.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":135843706,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2084881376","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.250-253.742","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The article describes extrusion foaming of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) using carbon dioxide in the supercritical state as foaming agent emphasizing the steps required to establish a stable extrusion process. Low melt strength of PLA plays a role in optimizing processing conditions. The tests included PLA grades of different viscosity in addition to a chain extender. Processing at low temperature is possible due to the plasticizing effect of the CO2 on the PLA melt and a sufficiently low melt temperature is also a prerequisite in production of stable foams due to improved melt strength. Foams were characterized by density, cell structure, crystallinity, and mechanical properties in compression. Low density, microcellular foams with density down to 20\u201330 kg\/m3 were obtained for three different PLA grades. Varying die temperature and pressure drop rate we can explain observed abrupt drops in density with increasing CO2 content by the interplay between cell nucleation and gas diffusivity at given temperatures. An effect on melt strength similar to using a chain extender is achieved by lowering the melt temperature at the die. Observed variations in sample crystallinity do not correlate with foam density. The PLA foams have good energy absorption capability. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2013. \u00a9 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137693498,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2060621779","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/PEN.23341","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"When late-binding of advice is used for incremental development or configuration, implementing advice weaving using code rewriting external to the VM can cause performance problems during application startup. We present an interpreter-based (non-rewriting) weaver that uses a simple table and cache structure for matching pointcuts against dynamic join points together with a simple mechanism for calling the matched advice. An implementation of our approach in the Jikes RVM shows its feasibility. Internal micro-benchmarks show dynamic join point execution overhead of approximately 28% in the common case where no advice is applicable and that start-up performance is improved over VM-external weavers. The cache and table structures could be used during later (i.e. JIT time) per-method rewrite based weaving to reduce pointcut matching overhead. We conclude that it is worthwhile to develop and evaluate a complete in-VM hybrid implementation, comprising both non-rewriting and rewriting based advice weaving.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":36836670,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Lymphedema is a chronic disease that has no cure but with treatment it is possible to reduce the swelling to close to normal. Aim: The objective of this study is to report the association of elastic stockings and low-stretch grosgrain stockings to maintain the results of treatment. Method: The maintenance of the results of lymphedema treatment was evaluated for a period of one year in a pilot study. Eleven female and four male patients with a mean age of 58.4 years who had been treated for lower limb lymphedema at the Clinica Godoy were enrolled in this study in 2014. All patients had clinical stage I primary or secondary leg lymphedema; the volume of the leg had been normalized or close to normalized with clinical treatment. After reducing the edema, the patients began to use Venosan\u00ae 30\/40 mmHg knee length cotton elastic stockings for five days per week and a low-stretch grosgrain stocking twice a week. The paired t-test was used for statistical analysis with an alpha error of 5% being considered acceptable. Results: There were no significant differences between the volume of the leg immediately after treatment and one year later (paired t-test: p-value >0.05). Conclusion: It is possible to maintain the results of treating stage I lymphedema by combining the use of an elastic stocking with a low-stretch grosgrain stocking.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":79711900,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2778318272","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The field of multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) - also sometimes termed multiple criteria decision aid, or multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) - has developed rapidly over the past quarter century and in the process a number of divergent schools of thought have emerged. Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis: An Integrated Approach provides a comprehensive yet widely accessible overview of the main streams of thought within MCDA. Two principal aims are: To provide sufficient awareness of the underlying philosophies and theories, understanding of the practical detail of the methods, and insight into practice to enable researchers, students and industry practitioners to implement MCDA methods in an informed manner; To develop an integrated view of MCDA, incorporating both integration of different schools of thought within MCDA and integration of MCDA with broader management theory, science and practice, thereby informing the development of theory and practice across these areas. It is felt that this two-fold emphasis gives a book which will be of value to the following three groups: Practicing decision analysts or graduate students in MCDA for whom this book should serve as a state-of-the-art review, especially as regards techniques outside of their own specialization; Operational researchers or graduate students in OR\/MS who wish to extend their knowledge into the tools of MCDA; Managers or management students who need to understand what MCDA can offer them. Review: The book...is an excellent overview of the different multiple criteria approaches developed in divergent schools of thought which emerged in the last three decades. This book is not only a theoretical document, but also provides good coverage of practical issues. It can be recommended to a broad audience, ranging from those in academic institutions to practitioners, as well as those who are interested in finding information on multiple criteria approaches, methods and techniques. It is an excellent book in the main area of Operations Research and Decision Analysis, with a special focus on Multiple Criteria and is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students.' JosA(c) R. Figueira, DIMACS Center, Rutgers University.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":19633971,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1509866077","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Despite the prominence of 'place' notions in human geography and beyond, the language of place is surprisingly poorly understood. Platial research addresses human relations to places beyond the purely (geometric and cognitive) spatial aspects, whose linguistic features are well researched. This paper offers an in-depth case study of platial discourse in English and Welsh, contributing to a better understanding of how people use language to describe their attachment to a place. We asked 72 people to describe three local areas in North Wales in terms of what makes each one special and distinctive, along with further questions. We explore the responses in terms of a range of qualitative linguistic features indicating aspects such as proximity and ownership, identify a range of semantic categories relevant to the notion of place, and offer an exhaustive analysis of how one particularly popular local feature - castles - is referred to in our data. Beyond identifying how the three local areas differ with respect to the platial attachment associated with them, this paper offers lists of keywords for each of the identified platial semantic categories as a basis for future studies in the field. Our findings further suggest that ownership terminology, time references, and spatial inferences frequently characterise expressions of place appreciation, in different ways in English and Welsh.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":247572562,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5311\/josis.2022.24.209","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/josis.org\/index.php\/josis\/article\/download\/209\/167","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Real-time applications demand fast computation, and this paper proposes an efficient algorithm for real-time network reconfiguration on large unbalanced distribution networks. A novel formulation of the network reconfiguration to achieve loss minimization and load balancing is given. To reduce computational requirements for the solution algorithm, well justified power flow and loss reduction formulae in terms of the on\/off status of network switches are proposed for efficient system updating. The algorithm relies only on a few full power flow studies based on system states attained by explicit expressions using backward-forward sweeps for efficient computation of power system states at the critical system operating points. The solution algorithm runs in an amount of time linearly proportional to the number of tie switches and the number of sectionalizing switches in the system. The solution algorithm has been implemented into a software package and tested on unbalanced distribution systems including a system with 292 buses, 76 laterals, 7 transformers, 45 switches and 255 line sections under diverse system conditions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":58036905,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2103154704","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/PICA.1995.515285","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Complete magneto-optical mode conversion, low optical loss, 0.2 dB\/cm, high magneto-optical figure-of-merit, 800 deg\/dB\/kG, high optical isolation, 20 dB and wide wavelength operation range, 20 nm were demonstrated with annealed Cd1-xMnxTe waveguide grown on GaAs substrate.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":111343721,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2182697128","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: This paper provides an introduction for environmental health scientists to emerging population-based rodent resources. Mouse reference populations provide an opportunity to model environmental exposures and gene\u2013environment interactions in human disease and to inform human health risk assessment. Objectives: This review will describe several mouse populations for toxicity assessment, including older models such as the Mouse Diversity Panel (MDP), and newer models that include the Collaborative Cross (CC) and Diversity Outbred (DO) models. Methods: This review will outline the features of the MDP, CC, and DO mouse models and will discuss published case studies investigating the use of these mouse population resources in each step of the risk assessment paradigm. Discussion: These unique resources have the potential to be powerful tools for generating hypotheses related to gene\u2013environment interplay in human disease, performing controlled exposure studies to understand the differential responses in humans for susceptibility or resistance to environmental exposures, and identifying gene variants that influence sensitivity to toxicity and disease states. Conclusions: These new resources offer substantial advances to classical toxicity testing paradigms by including genetically sensitive individuals that may inform toxicity risks for sensitive subpopulations. Both in vivo and complementary in vitro resources provide platforms with which to reduce uncertainty by providing population-level data around biological variability. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1289\/EHP1274","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":24146215,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2755595518","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1289\/EHP1274","PubMedCentral":"5783628","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The effect of foam fillers on the impact behaviour and energy absorption of an aluminium tube is investigated. Both experimental test and computational simulation are employed in current study. For comparison, hollow tubes and foams are also tested, respectively. Foam filler is found to be ineffective in increasing the crushing loads of the composite tubes over the simple superposition of the crushing loads of hollow tube and foam. Also, foam filler increases the tendency for the concertina mode of folding. The foam fillers of tubes additionally result in increasing the SAE values over those of hollow tubes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":111369013,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2085682678","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.152-154.436","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Wastes of Aksu ferroalloy plant (AFP) were us ed as raw materials for making of perspective catalysts for raw hydrocarbons refining in valuable produ cts. In the article, the re sults of our research are reported. Supported polymer-containing catalysts for catalytic cyclohexane oxidation were prepared on the basis of the elements, which are a part of wastes . Composition and surface of obtained catalysts were researched with electron microscopy and IR-spectroscopy methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":56446781,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2750163209","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Concurrent with the growth of the human population, global egg production has experienced exponential increase in the last 50 years. This exponential growth has been made possible through the refinement of intensive egg production systems, predominately, conventional cages. The significant amount of liberties conventional cages withhold from hens has also formed the basis of growing challenge to the industry in many countries, with some major regions such as the European Union making sweeping regulatory reform. These reforms were driven by well-organised animal advocacy groups, fuelled by aligning consumer attitudes and behaviours. In the absence of concerted hen welfare advocacy and cage-free movement in much of the rest of the world, it is difficult to know what consumer attitudes and knowledge may exist outside the European Union. This study aimed to contribute to this knowledge by surveying 4,292 members of the public at random across 14 geographically and culturally diverse countries (Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Chile, China, India, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines, Sudan, Thailand, UK and USA). The findings show that most participants across all countries eat eggs, most state that it matters to them that hens do not suffer in the process of producing the eggs they eat, and importantly, a majority of participants in most countries (except Nigeria) would prefer (to varying degrees) to purchase eggs from hens not kept in cages. Participant knowledge of the dominant system of egg production in their country varied greatly, with frequent uncertainty. This suggests a need for clarity and consistency in communication to consumers during campaigns, in order to mitigate confusion. Most importantly, although these similarities existed across the countries, important regional differences were also present. This underscores the importance of understanding animal and agricultural issues by geopolitical region, and of locally tailoring strategy. The findings of this research will be of strategic use to egg producers and animal welfare advocates alike in understanding and appropriately catering to consumers in the future.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":252820941,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3389\/fanim.2022.995430","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fanim.2022.995430\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A case of rarely occurring malformation of the embryonal period of development, a diploid variant of sirenomelia in one of the twins, is described. Roentgenology revealed a paired set of bones of the extremities. There was aplasia of the external sex organs with formed gonads, atresia of the urethra and anus, aplasia of the renal arteries, hypoplasia of the right and aplasia of the left kidney, colonic-urinary bladder fistula. Operative intervention (epicystostomy, colostomy) was applied. The baby died on the 8th day with renal insufficiency and disorders of the cerebral circulation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":45585123,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The article concerns the reaction of liverworts to the origin of new synanthropic habitats in the Tatra Mountains (Western Carpathians). Tourist trails, their shoulders and scarps were investigated. Thirty-one liverwort species were recorded in the investigated synanthropic habitats, which make up ca 15% of the hepaticoflora of the Tatra Mts. Cephalozia bicuspidata, Nardia scalaris, Solenostoma gracillimum, Scapania curta, S. umbrosa and Lophozia sudetica display distinct hemerophilous features. Leading plant species are Cephalozia bicuspidata in typical synanthropic habitats (on tourist trails) and Nardia scalaris in semi-natural habitats (on trail scarps). Apophytes in the Tatra Mts. are mostly lowland-mountain species and they are widespread in the entire massif. Apophytization of liverworts in some aspects is similar to the phenomena described in the case of vascular plants. It concerns \"walking down\" of high mountains species to lower sites (Marsupella brevissima, Lophozia sudetica), \"passing\" of alpine scree-bed species to synanthropic habitats (Anthelia juratzkana, Marsupella brevissima, Pleurocladula albescens), and formation of plant communities with new floristic combinations (community with Cephalozia bicuspidata) or expansion of secondary forms of autogenic communities (e.g. Calypogeietum trichomanis, Nardietum scalaris). Some of them play an important role in stabilization of trail scarps, especially in the alpine belt (Nardietum scalaris kiaerietosum starkei subass. nova).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":82095787,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1041349935","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We report on a microfluidic method that allows measurement of a small concentration of large contaminants in suspensions of solid micrometer-scale particles. To perform the measurement, we flow the colloidal suspension through a series of constrictions, i.e., a microchannel of varying cross-section. We show and quantify the role of large contaminants in the formation of clogs at a constriction and the growth of the resulting filter cake. By measuring the time interval between two clogging events in an array of parallel microchannels, we are able to estimate the concentration of contaminants whose size is selected by the geometry of the microfluidic device. This technique for characterizing colloidal suspensions offers a versatile and rapid tool to explore the role of contaminants on the properties of the suspensions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":21313241,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3098696298","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1063\/1.4893459","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1408.5212"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/escholarship.org\/content\/qt8vm9s3qt\/qt8vm9s3qt.pdf?t=ph7ow5","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The concept of ambidexterity in organization theory refers to an organization's ability to innovate in explorative manners (Duncan, 1980). Ambidexterity can be identified into structural ambidexterity and contextual ambidexterity (Tushman, O'Reilly, 1990). In small medium enterprises, for example, innovation activities take contextual form since most owners act both as entrepreneurs and business leaders (Kusumastuti, et.al., 2015), while in established corporations innovation activities generally occur in structural form. Thus research takes academic institution as its locus, within which innovation activities are mandatory for all civitas academica (academic community). The study uses mixed method for collecting data through questionnaires and in-depth interviews. It shows that university has the capacity to provide context in institutional support and remuneration system as a means stimulate lecturers and researchers to be more innovative. The scheme also provided structure at the university and faculty level as tools to coordinate and integrate research projects. The organizational learning at the individual level reflects the pattern of contextual\u00a0ambidexterity process.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":54667150,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2611532597","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22146\/jsp.24800","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/jurnal.ugm.ac.id\/jsp\/article\/download\/24800\/16031","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Like many other common law countries, Nigeria imposes statutory, duties on its companies' directors. Breaches of these duties, are expected to be enforced 'privately' by the company, its, shareholders or any other proper person. Despite this, evidence, suggests that in Nigeria there has been little enforcement of, directors' duties. Consequently, this article examines whether, there is a place for public enforcement of directors' duties. It, questions whether the failings of the private enforcement regime, necessitate a complementary enforcement regime. To address this, question, it draws on a theoretical framework, the deterrence, theory, in exploring whether public enforcement offers superior, deterrence over private enforcement. It also examines Australia, as a case study of a jurisdiction that has effectively used the, public enforcement regime for breaches of directors' duties., Overall, it argues that to enhance enforcement, Nigeria ought, to introduce a public enforcement regime for breaches of directors', duties.\nenforcement, directors' duties, deterrence, Australia, Nigeria","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":213153291,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2990927501","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.54648\/bula2020002","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/dora.dmu.ac.uk\/handle\/2086\/18710","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article exams the relationship between corporate social responsibility publicity and consumers' willingness to purchase. Based on frame effect theory, this article divides CSR publicity into 2 types: concrete and abstract. By a 2 (CSR publicity: concrete VS abstract) \u00d7 2 (information source: internal VS external) experiment, the findings show that concrete CSR publicity can increase consumers' willingness to purchase more than abstract one. Consumers' perceived hypocrisy plays a mediating role on the relationship between CSR publicity and consumers' willingness to purchase. In addition, information source may play a regulatory role between the above relationships. If consumers get information about corporate social responsibility activities outside of the enterprise, concrete CSR publicity are more obvious to reduce consumers' perceived hypocrisy. Conversely, if consumers obtain corporate social responsibility information inside of the enterprise, the concrete and abstract CSR publicity have little difference on consumers' perceived hypocrisy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":214486061,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2990706310","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Following a proposal by United Utilities to construct a new water pipeline between Highfield Service Reservoir and Poaka Beck Wastewater Treatment Works (SD 24347 73926\u201324139 77821) a programme of archaeological investigation was \nrecommended by the Cumbria County Historic Environment Service (CCHES). This was to consist of a desk-based assessment and walkover survey. The study area crosses a large part of the Furness Peninsular, now in south-west \nCumbria but originally Lancashire 'north of the sands'. Its south end is close to the town of Dalton-in- Furness, while the north is near to the village of Marton. There is \nevidence in the local area for activity from at least the Mesolithic period, and although the evidence during the Roman and early medieval periods is less clear, the area is \nlikely to have been inhabited continually from the prehistoric period onwards. Iron mining played an important part in the development of the area from at least the \nmedieval period, although place-name evidence suggests that it was taking place much earlier. During the eighteenth century there was a massive expansion in mining, as a result of the construction of a number of blast furnaces, several extremely large and important mines developed. Many of these were very productive and continued in use throughout the nineteenth and into the twentieth centuries, leaving a landscape scarred by industry as its legacy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":127140385,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"31475995","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Determining the effects of open innovation: the role of knowledge and geographical spillovers. Regional Studies. This paper examines the influence of open-innovation strategies and knowledge spillovers on innovative performance on a large sample of Spanish manufacturing firms during 1998\u20132013. Although most open-innovation strategies positively influence innovation, some differences are found depending on the search innovative strategy: technological collaboration with universities, providers, and external research and development (R&D) advice have a positive effect, while collaborations with customers and competitors are not significant. Finally, the paper confirms the positive effects of involuntary knowledge spillovers only for product innovation and of R&D neighbours in the same sector; and the negative effect of R&D neighbours in other sectors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":158087769,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2769514762","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/00343404.2017.1395004","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/figshare.com\/articles\/journal_contribution\/Determining_the_effects_of_open_innovation_the_role_of_knowledge_and_geographical_spillovers\/5640202\/1\/files\/9827047.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We propose a novel and efficient way of performing local image segmentation. For many applications a threshold of pixel intensities is sufficient. However, determining the appropriate threshold value poses a challenge. In cases with large global intensity variation the threshold value has to be adapted locally. We propose a method based on large scale hypothesis testing with a consistent method for selecting an appropriate threshold for the given data. By estimating the prominent distribution we characterize the segment of interest as a set of outliers or the distribution it self. Thus, we can calculate a probability based on the estimated densities of outliers actually being outliers using the false discovery rate (FDR). Because the method relies on local information it is very robust to changes in lighting conditions and shadowing effects. The method is applied to endoscopic images of small particles submerged in fluid captured through a microscope and we show how the method can handle transparent particles with significant glare point. The method generalizes to other problems. This is illustrated by applying the method to camera calibration images and MRI of the midsagittal plane for gray and white matter separation and segmentation of the corpus callosum. Comparing this segmentation method with manual corpus callosum segmentation an average dice score of 0.88 is obtained across 40 images.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":39964034,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"53634924","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5220\/0002845402150220","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"minds about the role of neutrons in the treatment of cancer. We await with interest the results of properly conducted clinical trials currently being carried out at Clatterbridge Hospital and elsewhere. These have been carefully designed to evaluate the role of neutrons and protons and to assess the morbidity associated with treatment. Dr Catterall does not address the problems of neutron associated morbidity, whereas for us this is a major concern. Increased normal tissue damage and excess mortality have been described in studies ofneutron therapy ever since the first investigations carried out by Stone and Larkin in the late 1930s. In an independent analysis of neutron therapy trials carried out at the Hammersmith Hospital and in Edinburgh in patients with cancers of the head and neck region a statistically significant increased morbidity rate was noted in those treated by fast neutrons2; of the 40 patients treated in the series who were assessed as being free of local disease at death 11 (28%) died as a direct result of their treatment. In addition, a significantly higher proportion of neutron treated patients died of what was judged to be intercurrent disease when their primary tumours were controlled. It has been said that fast neutrons are the treatment of choice for certain types of tumour, including maxillary antral lesions and soft tissue sarcomas. However, in the publication by Catterall et al in 1984 a serious complication rate of 28% was found in patients with tumours of the maxillary antrum treated by neutrons.' These complications included brain necrosis and blindness, and it is questionable whether this level of complication is acceptable. More recently, a report has appeared from the Royal Marsden Hospital presenting the results of a trial of the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas carried out in collaboration with Dr Catterall at the Hammersmith Hospital.4 In this study the normal tissue complications of those treated by fast neutrons was so severe that the trial was stopped. The argument has been made that the better dose distributions of neutrons that would be obtained using high energy beams will overcome the problems of morbidity. This remains to be proved and is one of the end points of the continuing trials. Indeed, some reports from centres in the United States using higher energy beams have also reported increased morbidity.' In view of these reports it would be improper to give patients routine treatment with neutron therapy until the trials in progress at Clatterbridge and elsewhere have shown that neutron therapy is no more hazardous than and at least as efficacious as currently accepted forms of treatment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":71170656,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2007343547","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.298.6668.252-b","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hybrid materials were synthesized by chemical grafting of different compounds (diethylenetriamine DETA, cysteine, alanine and serine) on chitosan\/magnetite nanoparticles. The sorbents were characterized by TEM, XRD and FTIR analysis and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) before being tested for uranium sorption. The nanometric size of sorbent particles reduces the impact of diffusion resistance and uptake kinetics are quite fast. Sorption isotherms are modeled by the Langmuir equation. The sorption is spontaneous and exothermic. Uranium is desorbed using acidic thiourea and the sorbent can be recycled for at least 4\/5 cycles.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":138605528,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2246531831","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/WWW.SCIENTIFIC.NET\/AMR.1130.499","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper studies a genesis of the ship image in the Russian literature and folklore, an idea of \"other kingdom\" in the Russian literature poetics of the 19-20 centuries. An emphasis is put on the issues related to the metaphor of a ship, a boat in the artistic world of Lermontov, Turgenev, Dostoevsky and in the poetry of the early 20th century. A paradigm \"the Moon - boat\" is studied in detail. The image of a boat, which regularly appears in Russian literature, various word-painters' art works, is associated with semantics of funeral ceremonial boat typical for different folk genres. Addressing to riddles about death, toRussian epic tradition, to plots dedicated to Razin demonstrates complexity and significance of the symbol of a boat\/ferry\/ship for the national culture. This symbol encapsulates the supreme idea of death as cosmic regeneration, character's initiation, which appeared highly sought by Russian literature, both realistic prose and avantgarde and modernism poetry.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":192446180,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2794736532","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22363\/2312-9220-2018-23-1-42-49","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"http:\/\/journals.rudn.ru\/literary-criticism\/article\/download\/18153\/15630","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. A seismic swarm lasting over two years occurred near the village of Neshkan, Chukotka, far northeastern Russia, beginning with a M L , 4.2 (4.1 m b ) earthquake on 9 December 2002. The swarm generated considerable anxiety among the local populace and authorities. Two temporary seismic stations were deployed during the latter part of September 2003, and recorded over 150 events with magnitudes up to 3.0. Eighteen locatable events appear to form a northeast striking linear trend, parallel to other seismicity trends in Chukotka, extending 20 km to the southwest from the village. We interpret this trend as a previously unknown fault. A small pond located ~1 km west of the village drained and some apparent surface deformation was observed over the course of the earthquake sequence. Relocation of historic seismicity in the region shows that a magnitude 6.0 in 1996 may have ruptured an adjacent fault segment. Other, less well located but larger, teleseismic events earlier in the 20th century may also have occurred on or near this fault. The seismicity is consistent a proposed region of transtension along the northern boundary of a Bering plate.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":55851217,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2038884118","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/SMSPS-4-261-2009","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The dynamic response of a localized, heat-damaged, fiberglass-reinforced epoxy cantilever beam is obtained as a function of damaged length and damage severity. A heat-damaged area causes a reduction in the local stiffness of the beam and introduces a complex damping in the damaged zone. These variations in the local mechanical properties could result in changing vibration characteristics of the beam. The variations in the system characteristic could then be used to assess the structural integrity of the composite beam. A cantilever beam made of a glass fiber-resin composite material and damaged by a hot tip contact element and a laser beam is evaluated for its dynamic response using numerical methods. The laser beam caused local melting of many fibers in the damaged area and thus reducing the stiffness of the beam in the damaged area. The beam is analyzed by modeling it as a lumped system and a continuous system and by a finite element. The goal of the research is to find out whether the changes in the frequency response of the damaged beam can be used as a diagnostic tool for estimating the severity of the damage. The results show that the size and location of damage are equally as important as the local stiffness and damping of the damaged region in terms of their effects on the beam resonant frequencies. The results indicate that the resonance frequencies may not be suitable parameters for estimating the residual tensile strength of the composite. A 50% reduction in the local bending rigidity produced relatively little change in the system first resonance frequency. In contrast, it significantly reduced the residual tensile strength of the composite.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":137122586,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1986702448","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1520\/CTR10955J","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A focus on strategic human resource development (HRD) has been emphasised as a key contributor to ensuring organisational effectiveness and the maximum return from their most important asset, the people in the organisation. It is argued that effective management and innovative approaches to the development of employees will enable organisations to capture and embed knowledge and skills. Organisations that are seeking not only to survive, but to maximise operational effectiveness in an ever-changing environment, need to ensure that at all levels, the HRD strategy is aligned with broader strategic imperatives, and that sufficient emphasis is placed on the HRD function. It is a role of management to ensure that the organisation and its people acquire the competencies and knowledge it needs through education, training and development activities. These training and development activities should deliver high quality outcomes that will sustain the organisation. In a study of employers in regional Queensland and the Northern Territory, the strategic importance placed upon the HRD function, and an indication of who is driving the HRD agenda have been analysed. This paper presents some findings from a pilot study undertaken to gauge initial feedback on these issues, and is the starting point for the development of future research into the HRD practices of organisations operating in regional and remote locations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":106853846,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1496841772","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A computerized system for postoperative autotransfusion with on-line feedback of left atrial pressure and other relevant variables is in routine use in the cardiac surgical intensive care unit at University Hospital, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA. The autotransfusion subsystem was integrated into an existing intensive care computer system that monitors and stores physiological data. The autotransfusion system decreases the need for bank blood and lessens the chance for patient exposure to complications possible with homologous blood transfusion. The fully automated system promotes greater hemodynamic stability than other techniques of postoperative autotransfusion. Closed-loop autotransfusion is less labor-intensive than manual methods and has proved to be cost-effective.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":76846532,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2409498390","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Online video services account for a major part of broadband traffic with streaming videos being one of the most popular video services. We focus on the user perceived quality of YouTube videos as it can serve as a general index for customer satisfaction. Our tool, Pytomo [1], is a tomography tool that is designed to measure the playback quality of videos as if they are being viewed by a user. We model the YouTube video player to estimate the playback interruptions as experienced by a user watching a YouTube video. We also examine topology and download statistics such as delay towards the server, download rates, and buffering duration. We aim to analyze different DNS resolvers to obtain the IP address of the video server. We study how the DNS resolution impacts the performance of the video download, and thus, the video playback quality. As the tool is intended to run on multiple ISPs, we have discovered some interesting results in YouTube distribution policies. These results can be applied to any content-delivery networks (CDN) architecture and should help users to better understand what are the key performance factors of video streaming.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":3115642,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1834275174","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Do separate factors of the social background \u2013 parental education, social class, social status and earnings \u2013 affect educational attainment independently of each other and to what extent is the association between these background factors and educational attainment transmitted via cognitive ability? Close to 28,000 randomly selected Swedish school children participated in a test of cognitive ability at age 13. Information on the four origin factors and on the children's highest level of education was collected from Swedish registers with few missing data. The data were analysed by means of ordinary least squares regression. Parental education and social class are more highly associated with educational attainment than parental status and earnings, but all four factors have an effect on level of education independently of each other and of cognitive ability at age 13. Between 16 and 19 percent of the variance in education is accounted for by the social origin factors. Around one third of the effects of the origin factors is transmitted via cognitive ability. The paper ends with a short discussion of possible mechanisms, other than cognitive ability, that link social background with education.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":147014917,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2336369913","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/14616696.2016.1141306","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. An innovative approach for the analysis and interpretation of snow avalanche simulation in three dimensional terrain is presented. Snow avalanche simulation software is used as a supporting tool in hazard mapping. When performing a high number of simulation runs the user is confronted with a considerable amount of simulation results. The objective of this work is to establish an objective, model independent framework to evaluate and compare results of different simulation approaches with respect to indicators of practical relevance, providing an answer to the important questions: how far and how destructive does an avalanche move down slope. For this purpose the Automated Indicator based Model Evaluation and Comparison (AIMEC) method is introduced. It operates on a coordinate system which follows a given avalanche path. A multitude of simulation runs is performed with the snow avalanche simulation software SamosAT (Snow Avalanche MOdelling and Simulation \u2013 Advanced Technology). The variability of pressure-based run out and avalanche destructiveness along the path is investigated for multiple simulation runs, varying release volume and model parameters. With this, results of deterministic simulation software are processed and analysed by means of statistical methods. Uncertainties originating from varying input conditions, model parameters or the different model implementations are assessed. The results show that AIMEC contributes to the interpretation of avalanche simulations with a broad applicability in model evaluation, comparison as well as examination of scenario variations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":109011321,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2008473246","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/NHESS-13-1655-2013","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, we report a novel quasi-common-path laser feedback interferometer (QLFI) for highly stable, high-resolution and non-contact displacement measurement. QLFI measures the displacement of the target by measuring the phase of feedback light. In addition to the target-generated feedback light (frequency shifted by 2#), a reference mirror generates a reference feedback light which is frequency shifted by #. The phase variations of both feedback lights are measured by heterodyne detection simultaneously and their difference offers the phase variations caused only by target displacement. When the optical path lengths of the reference and measuring feedback light are nearly the same, the phase fluctuations caused by the environment and laser instability are effectively removed. The heat-induced deformation of a He-Ne laser tube is successfully in-line measured using QLFI.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":122762280,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2093294752","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.381-382.49","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The NPL \u2013 nonperforming loan \u2013 issue in Italy is a direct effect of the prolonged recession that the country is undergoing. The Italian bank system reacted relatively well to the US collapse in 2008, but it was a significant circumstance to start the increase on NPLs flow due customer's financial deterioration. Beside political and structural issues that disable the NPL market flow, the banks management doesn't have a proper definition on how to deal with their NPL portfolio. The model described in this document, the RaOPL (Rating Operating Project Loans), is created with the goal to develop an experimental model for the generation of Rating related to the NPL that has been put on auctions in this scenario. The participation in the development and analysis of the model was achieved as a support of the work assignment in the Fabrizio Massey SpA. Therefore, this thesis aims on presenting and put into evaluation a model, developed to rate real estate assets related to non-performing loans (NPLs), denominated RaOPL (Rating Operating Project Loans). This model is defined as a synthetic indicator resulting from a procedural and documental model, which measures the risks related to NPLs. Established that goal, this thesis is divided in six main parts. Initially, a better understanding on the NPL market and of the rating system is the appropriate way of to tackle suck analysis. After that theoretical introduction, it is possible to present the model with a better overview of its intention and properly evaluate its performance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":169548940,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2913770631","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Pectobacterium atrosepticum, P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis, P. carotovorum subsp. carotovorum, and P. wasabiae were detected in potato stems with blackleg symptoms using species- and subspecies-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The tests included a new assay for P. wasabiae based on the phytase gene sequence. Identification of isolates from diseased stems by biochemical or physiological characterization, PCR, and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) largely confirmed the PCR detection of Pectobacterium spp. in stem samples. P. atrosepticum was most commonly present but was the sole Pectobacterium sp. detected in only 52% of the diseased stems. P. wasabiae was most frequently present in combination with P. atrosepticum and was the sole Pectobacterium sp. detected in 13% of diseased stems. Pathogenicity of P. wasabiae on potato and its capacity to cause blackleg disease were demonstrated by stem inoculation and its isolation as the sole Pectobacterium sp. from field-grown diseased plants produced from inoculated seed tubers. Incidence of P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis was low in diseased stems, and the ability of Canadian strains to cause blackleg in plants grown from inoculated tubers was not confirmed. Canadian isolates of P. carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis differed from Brazilian isolates in diagnostic biochemical tests but conformed to the subspecies in PCR specificity and typing by MLST.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":26123884,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2062911979","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO-04-12-0083-R","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This research aimed to investigate the bacteriological quality of fresh vegetables salad sold in the local school canteens and restaurants in Gaza strip, Palestine. Samples examined included different types of fresh vegetables salad. A total of 200 random samples were collected from school canteens (100 samples) and different restaurants (100 samples) in Mid Zone, Khan Younis and Rafah governorates during the period from April to June 2013. All samples were examined for Total Plate Count, Total Coliform bacteria, Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Bacillus cereus , Listeria spp., L. monocytogenes , Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., and E. coli O157:H7. Eighty eight percentage of vegetables salad samples failed to comply with Guidelines for the microbiological examination of ready-to-eat foods, Food Standards Australia New Zealand. The percentage of failure is distributed as follows; 79.5% with Total Plate Count, 60.5% with Total Coliform bacteria, 53.5% with E. coli , 21.5% with S. aureus , 14% B. cereus , 7.5% Listeria spp., 2% L. monocytogenes , 5% Salmonella spp., 1%\u00a0 Shigella spp., and 1% E. coli O157:H7. In this study the mixed vegetables salad samples were showed the highest non-compliant. Moreover, several potential pathogens were isolated; Cronobacter sakazakii (12.5%; 25), Pasteurella spp. (3%; 6) and Aeromonas hydrophila (0.5%; 1). The results indicated that the tested vegetables salads had poor microbiological quality, and could act as a vehicle for food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella spp., Shigella spp., E. coli O157:H7 and L. monocytogenes , which justifies the necessity for the urgent actions to promote awareness about the possible health hazards.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":57332419,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2584493763","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A series of near\u2010surface chemical explosions conducted at the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) main hole were recorded by high\u2010frequency downhole receiver arrays in April 2005. These seismic recordings at depths ranging from the surface to 2.3\u00a0km constrain the shallow velocity and attenuation structure as well as the first\u2010order characteristics of the source. Forward modeling of the explosions indicates that a source consisting of combined explosion, delayed implosion, and second\u2010order moment\u2010tensor components (corresponding to a distribution of vertical shear dislocations in the rock directly above the explosion) is sufficient to characterize the generated seismic wave fields to first order. Grid searches over source parameters controlling the nonexplosive components allow for the quantification of distributed vertical shear above the source and the estimation of the moment and time delay of the implosive component relative to the explosion. An estimated implosive to explosive moment ratio of 0.34 to 0.43 indicates a net static moment and positive macroscopic volume change.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":130957416,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3034231378","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1785\/0120110201","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Bacillus subtilis forms highly structured biofilms to protect itself against harmful environments, and to have an advantage in the competition with other species. The cells of B. subtilis that secrete the biofilm matrix, express genes involved in synthesis of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and the protein components of the matrix. The regulation of the transition from matrix production to motility is governed by the epigenetic SlrR-SinR switch. The deletion of the phosphodiesterase YmdB leads to total lack of biofilm formation, the repression of the SinR regulon, and to enhanced expression of the \u03c3D regulon. However, the molecular mechanisms by which YmdB is involved in the regulation of these developmental states still need to be elucidated, which was the aim of this thesis. We used different approaches to characterize the function of YmdB. We could show that the deletion of ymdB results in increased amounts of the master regulator SinR in the cell, leading to permanent repression of matrix genes. In addition, we investigated possible mechanisms by which YmdB could regulate SinR amounts in the cell. YmdB might function via impeding the access of the ribosome to its initiation site of the sinR transcript. Another approach to characterize the function of YmdB, was the identification of RNA interaction partners of the potential RNA-binding protein. Genes encoding for the potential interacting RNAs were tested for their impact on biofilm formation. The selected targets differently affected the biofilm formation but did not restore biofilm formation in the ymdB mutant nor did they result in loss of biofilm formation in the wild type. YmdB probably does not act via interaction with one specific RNA. Furthermore, the ymdB mutant forms quickly suppressor mutants, which harbor mainly mutations in SinR. We biochemically characterized several mutations for their impact on DNA- and protein interaction as well as on oligomerization state of SinR. Hereby, we could underline the importance of different residues of the protein for DNA binding, interaction with its antagonist SinI and the formation of the SinR tetramer. Aside from that, we documented the dynamics of gene expression patterns in wild type and ymdB mutant cells by microfluidic analysis coupled to time-lapse fluorescence microscopy. Our results confirm the bistable character for motility and matrix genes expression, as well as the quick introduction of suppressor mutations in the ymdB mutant, restoring matrix gene expression. Additionally, we analyzed the effect of the deletion of the RNA-binding protein SpoVG on biofilm formation and could detect an extended spreading of the macrocolony especially in combination with the deletion of the master regulator of biofilm formation, SinR. Additionally, SpoVG interacts with many RNAs, which indicates that SpoVG might has a global function as RNA-binding protein in B. subtilis. This work focused on the regulation and characterization of biofilm formation. We could specify the effect of YmdB on the homeostasis of the epigenetic SlrR-SinR switch for motility and biofilm formation, as well as the role of SpoVG as RNA-binding protein in B. subtilis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":104398174,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2905012359","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Fermentation of various foods by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) is one of the oldest forms of biopreservation practised by mankind. Bacterial antagonism has been recognized for over a century but in recent years this phenomenon has received more scientific attention, particulary in the use of various strains of lactic acid bacteria. One important attribute of LAB is their ability to produce antimicrobicrobial compounds called bacteriocin. In recent years, interest in the compounds has grown substantially due to their potential usefulness as natural substitute for chemical food preservatives in the production of foods with enhanced shelf life and\/or safety. This balance is achived by its inhibitory effect upon the harmful pathogenic microorganisms. This paper presents some background on the scientific research about lactic acid bacteria as probiotics and their bacteriocins for healthy nutrition of fermented food. Probiotics had been of interest in the promotion of good health in animals and man. Some of the positive effects of probiotics are: growth promotion of farm animals, protection of host from intestinal infections, alleviation of lactose intolerance, relief of constipation, anticarcinogenic effect, anticholesterolaemic effects, nutrient synthesis and bioavailability, prevention of genital and urinary tract infections and imunostimulatory effects.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":59384331,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1570754969","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective A retrospective cohort study comparing survival and perioperative outcomes of patients with early vulvar cancer who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy versus standard lymphadenectomy Methods Patients diagnosed between January 2012 and December 2015 with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma of less than 4\u2009cm in size, with invasion of at least 1\u2009mm, who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy, lymphadenectomy, or both were identified from the National Cancer Database. Overall survival was evaluated following generation of Kaplan-Meier curves and compared with the log-rank test for patients who had at least 1\u2009month of follow-up. A Cox model was constructed to control for confounders. Results A total of 1583 patients were identified; 304 patients (19.2%) underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy alone. Sentinel lymph node biopsy utilization increased 13.9% between 2012 and 2015. Patients who underwent sentinel node biopsy alone were less likely to have comorbidities compared with those undergoing lymphadenectomy only or sentinel node biopsy with lymphadenectomy (25.3% vs 32.9% vs 31.9%, p=0.042), had smaller tumors (median 1.6 vs 2.0 vs 2.0\u2009cm, p<0.001), and were less likely to have positive lymph nodes (11% vs 19.6% vs 28.1%, p<0.001). There was no difference in 3\u2009year overall survival between the three groups (86.3% vs 82.1% vs 77.9%, p=0.26). After controlling for age, race, insurance, comorbidities, lymph node metastases, and tumor size, sentinel lymph node biopsy alone was not associated with worse overall survival compared with lymphadenectomy (HR 0.86, 95%\u2009CI 0.57 to 1.32). The sentinel node only group had shorter inpatient stays compared with lymphadenectomy only (median 1 vs 2 days, p<0.001) and a lower rate of unplanned readmission (1.7% vs 5.0%, p=0.010). Conclusions The utilization of sentinel lymph node biopsy is increasing in the management of vulvar cancer and is associated with superior perioperative outcomes without impacting overall survival.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":227172976,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3108814959","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/ijgc-2020-001934","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Viruses are non-living particles containing genetic information in the form of DNA or RNA. They are fascinating because they are not considered a form of life even though they evolve in the same way all living organisms do. Viruses are so-called obligate pathogens because they cannot multiply unless they infect and hijack the cellular machinery in living organisms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":233942246,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3136599890","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22541\/AU.161412353.30421920\/V1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Numerous applications in science and engineering requires nonlinear constraint solving and optimization over real numbers. Helios is a mathematical modeling language designed to express these applications in a form close to traditional statements displayed in scientific papers and textbooks. Helios is compiled into Newton, a constraint logic programming language over nonlinear constraints which is one of the most efficient tools for the global solution of these problems. The paper illustrates the main functionalities of Helios, describes the compilation process, and reports experimental results on traditional benchmarks in this area. The results indicate that Helios should be a valuable addition to the set of tools available in this area.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":58116461,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2739425619","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The texture of a plant community, i.e. the range of values in functional characters across the species present, integrates the ecological and evolutionary processes that have led to that community's present species composition. The idealistic prediction of ecological theory is that selection for co-adaptation and competitive sorting will lead to convergence in texture between different patches of vegetation with the same environment. This concept has previously been applied at the continental scale; here it is applied for the first time at a within- community scale. Three communities were sampled, all in Fiordland, New Zealand: a predominantly native heathland, a floodplain grassland largely dominated by exotic species but with a considerable native component, and a native sub-alpine grassland with shrubs. The same five functional characters were measured in each community: height, leaf area, specific leaf area, leaf thickness and support fraction. In all three communities, to varying degrees, there was evidence of texture divergence in height, either in the mean or in the distribution. Tall species tended to associate with other tall species, and short species with other short ones. In the sub-alpine grassland, significant texture convergence occurred in leaf area, i.e. each patch tended to comprise a mixture of some small-leaved species and some large-leaved species. It is suggested that convergence may have occurred only in the sub-alpine grassland because of the greater maturity of the vegetation in evolutionary and ecological terms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":14719664,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2126425656","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Previous research has examined the extent to which red rice affects both yield and grain quality of cultivated rice. However, this research was conducted over 15 yr ago. Modern long-grain rice cultivars have the potential to produce yields above 10,000 kg ha\u22121; however, it is unknown whether modern rice cultivars sacrifice competitiveness to achieve higher yields, or if, in fact, they are more competitive. Field studies were conducted in 2002 and 2003 at the Southeast Research and Extension Center near Rohwer, AR, and at the University of Arkansas Pine Bluff Research Farm near Lonoke, AR, to investigate the effect of red rice density on interference between red rice and five rice cultivars ('CL161', 'Cocodrie', 'LaGrue', 'Lemont', and 'XL8'). White rice yield reductions were between 100 and 755 kg ha\u22121 for every red rice plant m\u22122. The hybrid rice, XL8, had higher yields than the conventional cultivars. Red rice contamination in milling samples increased linearly as a function of red rice density at Lonoke and Rohwer in 2003. Dockage for each cultivar was calculated on the basis of the relationship between red rice density and red rice contamination. Semidwarf Lemont was the most contaminated and hybrid XL8 the least contaminated by the various densities of red rice. Nomenclature:\u2003Red rice, Oryza sativa L. ORYSA; rice, Oryza sativa L. 'CL161', 'Cocodrie', 'LaGrue', 'Lemont', 'XL8'.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":86184452,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2179840189","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1614\/WS-04-154R","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Multilateralism characterizes, to varying degrees, patterns of interaction among states and the formal organizations they construct. The utility of multilateral norms or organizations varies with the type of cooperation problem states confront. Thus, the functional logic of international cooperation leads to hypotheses about the conditions under which the institution of multilateralism may be a feasible and efficient solution, as in coordination problems, and those under which it will not, as in collaboration problems. Within these constraints, powerful states choose institutions that will serve their interests, with multilateral arrangements becoming more attractive as the future is valued more highly. Multilateral institutions should be stable in circumstances of changing distributions of power, relative to more hierarchical institutions. The vulnerability of patterns of international cooperation to various exogenous changes depends on the type of strategic interaction underlying state behavior.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":154570695,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2101170628","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0020818300033245","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":": The staff of penitentiaries is at high risk for tuberculosis due to its professional occupation. Tuberculosis morbidity was studied in the officials of the reformatory system in the Republic of Udmurtia over the period of 1997 to 2006. Throughout the follow-up, there were high tuberculosis morbidity rates in the officials of reformatories, in 2000-2002 in particular. In the structure of patients with new-onset tuberculosis, there was a preponderance of young males (75.6%), mainly qualified staff (89.3%). Pulmonary tuberculosis was prevalent (92.9%), extrapulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 7.1%. Infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis was the major clinical type (76%) in the patients with new-onset tuberculosis. The study indicated the low proportion of patients showing bacteria discharge and lung tissue destruction, suggesting the timeliness of tuberculosis detection in the officials of penitentiaries. The results of treatment for tuberculosis in the officials of the penitentiary system were high, which was associated with their discipline and responsibility for their health.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":77761877,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2416949774","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. Purpose: Radiomics of magnetic resonance images (MRIs) in rectal cancer can non-invasively characterize tumor heterogeneity with potential to discover new imaging biomarkers. However, for radiomics to be reliable, the imaging features measured must be stable and reproducible. The aim of this study is to quantify the repeatability and reproducibility of MRI-based radiomic features in rectal cancer. Approach: An MRI radiomics phantom was used to measure the longitudinal repeatability of radiomic features and the impact of post-processing changes related to image resolution and noise. Repeatability measurements in rectal cancers were also quantified in a cohort of 10 patients with test\u2013retest imaging among two observers. Results: We found that many radiomic features, particularly from texture classes, were highly sensitive to changes in image resolution and noise. About 49% of features had coefficient of variations \u226410\u2009\u2009%\u2009\u2009 in longitudinal phantom measurements. About 75% of radiomic features in in vivo test\u2013retest measurements had an intraclass correlation coefficient of \u22650.8. We saw excellent interobserver agreement with mean Dice similarity coefficient of 0.95\u2009\u2009\u00b1\u2009\u20090.04 for test and retest scans. Conclusions: The results of this study show that even when using a consistent imaging protocol many radiomic features were unstable. Therefore, caution must be taken when selecting features for potential imaging biomarkers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":261782385,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1117\/1.JMI.9.4.044005","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this study, D.P.S. Monyaise's Ngaka, Mosadi Mooka and Zakes Mda's Black Diamond are analysed in relation to narrative perspectives on female characters. The main aim of this study is to show how cultural narrative perspectives apply in the comparative study in Ngaka, Mosadi Mooka and Black Diamond, to determine how female characters, particularly Diarona in Ngaka, Mosadi Mooka and Tumi in Black Diamond, are portrayed. The argument maintained in this study is that, although Monyaise in his Ngaka, Mosadi Mooka gives his female characters an exceptionally strong voice, the social and literary perspectives in his novel still draw very sturdily on traditional frameworks. Monyaise's narrative style and his narrative investigation of his main themes are evidently influenced by views informed by a traditional frame within which women occupy a culturally marginalized position. Mda, on the other hand, controversially challenges dominant views and consequent modes of behaviour, while also expanding the boundaries of creative writing. Research on the portrayal of female characters in Batswana literature is still lacking. This study makes a contribution in the sense that it is an explorative investigation from the perspective of postclassical cognitive narratology, which therefore attempts to approach Batswana literature from a fresh theoretical point of view. The intention is also to enrich the field of Batswana literature by adopting a comparative approach. In achieving this aim, this work adopts the following structure. Chapter one provides the aim and focus of the study. Chapter two discusses the theoretical framework and crucial key terms. Chapter three establishes a background with regard to traditional Batswana cultural views on Batswana women, with emphasis on stereotypical perspectives on women identified through the application of theoretical insights with regard to frames and scripts. The analysis of these traditional perspectives is carried out with reference to traditional Batswana women and the following: the work place; family life; legislation and leadership roles; education; religious belief; and traditional marriage. Chapter four is a comparative analysis with specific attention to the portrayal of the main female characters, that is Diarona in Ngaka, Mosadi Mooka and Tumi in Black Diamond, through application of the theoretical and cultural framework constructed in chapter two and three respectively. Chapter five provides concluding remarks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":54836390,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3131324","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We monitored gross sedimentation rates (GSR) together with organic carbon, total hydrolysable (THAA) and enzymatically available (EHAA) amino acid contents of the particulate organic matter collected within 2 sediment traps moored during a 4 yr period at a shallow station (18 m) in the Bay of Banyuls-sur-Mer (northwestern Mediterranean). GSRs were between 0.26 and 470.55 g DW m -2 d -1 They were low during spring and summer, and usually higher but much more variable during fall and winter. Organic carbon concentrations were between 1.21 and 6.94% DW, versus 3.36 and 29.16 mg g -1 DW, and 0.54 and 14.44 mg g -1 DW for THAA and EHAA, respectively. EHAA\/THAA ratios were between 13.91 and 65.78%. These 4 parameters showed an annual peri- odicity and correlated negatively with GSR, which supports the role of resuspension in controlling sedimentation. THAA and EHAA spectra were both dominated by glycine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and alanine. However, there were consistent differences between the 2 kinds of spectra. EHAAs were enriched in threonine, glutamic acid, leucine and aspartic acid; and depleted in arginine, lysine, glycine and histidine. EHAA spectra showed fewer temporal changes than THAA spectra. In all cases but one, significant changes in THAA spectra were related to glycine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and threonine, and were indicative of the presence of degraded material, probably due to resuspen- sion. We computed degradation indexes based on both THAA and EHAA spectra. THAA degrada- tion index was between -0.318 and 1.363 versus 0.051 and 1.006 for EHAA. Both of these indexes showed an annual periodicity and correlated positively (although weakly) with EHAA\/THAA ratios. None of them correlated negatively with GSR. This last result suggests that EHAA\/THAA ratios con- stitute a better index of the lability of particulate organic matter than degradation indexes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":56218037,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2054466999","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3354\/MEPS214055","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"EDM is a nontraditional method of removing material by a series of rapidly recurring electric discharges between an electrode (the cutting tool) and the workpiece, in a medium of a dielectric fluid. EDM is a precision machining technique and is used in making dies and molds of extremely hard materials that cannot be machined by conventional techniques. The present work was conducted in order to investigate the surface finish, material removal rate and the surface damage during EDM. Copper and carbide were taken as the electrode and the work materials for the present study. The influence of current and pulse-on time on the responses were studied. Design of Experiment (DOE) was used to conduct the investigation. It was found that MRR and surface roughness increases with both current and pulse on time. Tool wear, work surface damage and materials migration between the electrode and the workpiece was found to be increased with current.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136433973,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2045051539","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.264-265.1073","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In order to search for a new staining agent with higher selectivity for particular metals, the ability of fluorone derivatives to histochemically stain metals present in rat tissues was examined. Among a variety of metals tested, phenylfluorone showed intense staining only for tin. The phenylfluorone method was superior to the conventional gallein method with regard to selectivity when staining for tin among various metals in histochemical practice.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":23747005,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The type B section of Hongqihegou station is cross section and its excavation section area is about 730 m2. This section is located in rail transit line 3 at the center of Chongqing. For this reason, the heavy traffic, large amount buildings and pipelines surrounding, super-shallow-buried depth and small cross-cover ratio (only 0.4) become the determinant factor in tunnel construction. By using a new method\u2014the up-down sidewall drift method combined with first-wall-and-then-arch method, the Hongqihegou station was successfully completed. Through the analysis of the monitoring measurement data, the discipline of surrounding rock deformation during construction is revealed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":108461602,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2021210331","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.90-93.2318","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Brighton Earthship is an autonomous building, built on the outskirts of the city on the south coast of the UK. Based on the design philosophy of Mike Reynolds it incorporates 'glass and mass' to permit solar gain and develop long term thermal storage. The thermal store is constructed of rammed chalk utilising end of life car tyres as formers to build the wall. The Earthship was built as a demonstration project and visitor centre for the Low Carbon Network and is the first of its type to be built in the UK. \n \nThis paper describes the design principles of an earthship and in particular the use of thermal mass to achieve seasonal energy storage. It reports on long term thermal measurements within the thermal store and demonstrates the heat transfer pattern between the store and the internal space.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":107193976,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1495449422","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract: Genomic instability is one of the earliest features of cancer cell behavior and can lead to gene mutation, amplification, or deletion. Rarely one of these genomic events can give the cell a growth advantage or some other characteristic that contributes to carcinogenesis and also leads to clonal expansion. Solid tumors contain numerous genetic abnormalities and these vary among individuals. New techniques from the laboratory allow unprecedented levels of detail in cancer genetic analysis of human tumors. One technique called comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) can pinpoint areas of the genome that are amplified or deleted. These changes that occur at a high frequency are likely to represent genes that are important in cancer development and progression. How can this be translated into new biologic therapy as well as a better understanding of factors that predict responses to standard chemotherapy to allow better individualized tailoring of treatment? Through the linkage of CGH data on human tumors to their clinical outcomes, specific questions can be asked about the relationship of specific genes to clinical variables. For example, genes that are gained in patients who are resistant to anti\u2010HER\u20102 antibody (Herceptin) might help select patients for such therapy or identify genes that could be pharmacologically targeted to overcome Herceptin resistance. Prospects for better treatment and recent advances in genomic research may lead to an increased understanding of the basic mechanisms resulting in initiation and progression of breast cancer.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":57714577,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2008249243","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1046\/j.1524-4741.9.s1.7.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1524-4741.9.s1.7.x","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper focuses on the perception of the students of Tai Solarin University of Education on the effect of time allocation and their academic achievement. This paper investigates the effect the students think time allocation such as attending lectures regularly, allocating time for self-study and participation in work group\/tutorial would have on their academic achievement. The findings suggest that most students agree that time spent attending lectures, self-study and work group\/tutorials is positively correlated with their academic achievement.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":55833209,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2070727639","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5296\/IJLD.V4I1.5132","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In 1993, John Betancur, Teresa Cordova, and Maria de los Angeles Torres published \"Economic Restructuring and the Process of Incorporation of Latinos into the Chicago Economy,\" in Latinos in the Changing U.S. Econom,y edited by Rebecca Morales and Frank Bonilla. They concluded, \"The history of the incorporation of Latino workers into the economy best explained the Latino experience in the Chicago area and provides a backdrop for understanding the impact of restructuring (110).\" The authors argue that \"the condition of ascriptive low-wage labor\" restricted the mobility options for the Latino work force in the region. Examining PUM census data for the Chicago metro area from 1950 \u2013 1980 on labor force participation, the study demonstrated that Latino labor, composed primarily of Mexicans and Puerto Ricans, facilitated the growth of the service sector in the Chicago economy while continuing to further entrench the segmentation of Latino labor in low-wage service sector employment. \u00a0\nThe Latino population in the city has grown significantly since the Betancur et al. study (Cervantes, 1996; Suro, 2002; Paral et. al., 2004; Acosta-Cordova, 2017). However, no recent study has examined the industrial and occupational mobility of Latinos to the same extent as Betancur, et. al. Given the demographic growth of Latinos in Chicago and the continued changes in the Chicago economy, this study provides an update of the Betancur et. al. study to examine the changes taking place between 1980 and 2016 and to determine the extent of economic mobility for Latinos in Chicago. Using updated PUM census data, this thesis seeks to determine whether, since 1980, we continue to see what they described as the \"continuation of occupational and industrial segmentation and lower wages\" among Latinos in Chicago and how their labor force status affects policies and perspectives towards Latinos in the Chicago area. \u00a0\nThis thesis finds that despite progress for Latinos in several industries and occupations, they tend to be segmented into jobs and industries with the lowest-wages. While African-Americans and Latinos both displayed similar conditions in most of the categories, Latinos had lower wages in more industries and occupations than any other group in Chicago.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":216614931,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3010921656","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Shortest Path Problems (SPP) are one of the most extensively studied problems in the fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Operations Research (OR). It consists in finding the shortest path between two given nodes in a graph such that the sum of the weights of its constituent arcs is minimized. However, real life problems frequently involve the consideration of multiple, and often conflicting, criteria. When multiple objectives must be simultaneously optimized, the concept of a single optimal solution is no longer valid. Instead, a set of efficient or Pareto-optimal solutions define the optimal trade-off between the objectives under consideration. The Multicriteria Search Problem (MSP), or Multiobjective Shortest Path Problem, is the natural extension to the SPP when more than one criterion are considered. The MSP is computationally harder than the single objective one. The number of label expansions can grow exponentially with solution depth, even for the two objective case. However, with the assumption of bounded integer costs and a fixed number of objectives the problem becomes tractable for polynomially sized graphs. A wide variety of practical application in different fields can be identified for the MSP, like robot path planning, hazardous material transportation, route planning, optimization of public transportation, QoS in networks, or routing in multimedia networks. Goal programming is one of the most successful Multicriteria Decision Making (MCDM) techniques used in Multicriteria Optimization. In this thesis we explore one of its variants in the MSP. Thus, we aim to solve the Multicriteria Search Problem with lexicographic goal-based preferences. To do so, we build on previous work on algorithm NAMOA*, a successful extension of the A* algorithm to the multiobjective case. More precisely, we provide a new algorithm called LEXGO*, an exact label-setting algorithm that returns the subset of Pareto-optimal paths that satisfy a set of lexicographic goals, or the subset that minimizes deviation from goals if these cannot be fully satisfied. Moreover, LEXGO* is proved to be admissible and expands only a subset of the labels expanded by an optimal algorithm like NAMOA*, which performs a full Multiobjective Search. Since time rather than memory is the limiting factor in the performance of multicriteria search algorithms, we also propose a new technique called t-discarding to speed up dominance checks in the process of discarding new alternatives during the search. The application of t-discarding to the algorithms studied previously, NAMOA* and LEXGO*, leads to the introduction of two new time-efficient algorithms named NAMOA*dr and LEXGO*dr , respectively. All the algorithmic alternatives are tested in two scenarios, random grids and realistic road maps problems. The experimental evaluation shows the effectiveness of LEXGO* in both benchmarks, as well as the dramatic reductions of time requirements experienced by the t-discarding versions of the algorithms, with respect to the ones with traditional pruning.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":124178763,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2229429638","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Modern fighter aircraft use a host of different techniques to search for and detect airborne targets. One such technique involves the use of pulse Doppler and a collection of 'medium' pulse repetition frequencies (PRFs). Such a collection of medium PRFs is ambiguous in both range and velocity (Doppler frequency), but can be resolved by correlating data from different members of the set. The PRF set selection is complex, restricted by the particular radar system and its intended use. After briefly discussing constraints, some results concerning ghost minimisation, and the linearity of clear region probabilities, an efficient method is presented for calculating PRF set quality. A discussion of the mathematical (in particular combinatorial) niceties which attend the solution of this problem is included. >","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":110982769,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2117152658","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1049\/IP-RSN:19941514","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Foundations of Chemistry (FoC), the University of Adelaide's introductory chemistry pathway, recently underwent a complete restructure to assume no prior chemistry knowledge in order to better cater to students with little or no chemistry background. The restructure introduced Process-Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL) style activities in lectures to deliver the majority of the course content and a new online learning platform for summative assessment. Three entirely new FoC courses were developed, one in each of semester 1 (FoC IA), semester 2 (FoC IB) and the University's Summer Semester (FoC IS). Successful completion of all three courses provides students with a pathway into second year Chemistry in addition to the pathway provided by completing Chemistry IA and IB. To date, FoC IS has run from 2013 to 2015, with half of the students in each of these classes progressing to level II Chemistry courses. This paper outlines the restructure process that led to the creation of three new courses and how these developments have impacted student learning outcomes. Students have responded positively to the restructured courses, and end-of-semester results for FoC IA and IB have seen an increase in the proportion of Distinction and High Distinction grades.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":183445660,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2339463703","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Commodity prices rose strongly in recent years until mid-2008, driving inflation up worldwide. This feature investigates aspects of the impact of the rise in food and energy prices on headline inflation and its dynamics using a dataset for CPI inflation and its food and energy components that includes the major advanced and emerging economies. Our evidence suggests that in recent years core inflation has not tended to revert to headline, which suggests that higher commodity prices have generally not spawned strong second-round effects on inflation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":153905961,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1564873584","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"One of the key lessons to come from the global financial crisis (GFC) was that regulation in many jurisdictions was missing an overarching policy framework for financial stability. In response, reformers have increasingly looked to macroprudential policies to plug this regulatory gap. One common feature in the aftermath of the GFC has been for jurisdictions to create financial stability authorities so as to provide regulators with the power to regulate in a manner that prevents financial instability. This paper explores the establishment, rationale and operation of financial stability authorities in the UK and the USA and finds that despite ostensibly being created to deal with the same problem, the UK and USA financial stability authorities exhibit significant differences in their construction and authority, which may impact on their ability to address financial stability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":168883377,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2619076229","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nIn this Meta-analysis, we evaluated the hypoglycemic effect of 5 flavonoids found in traditional Chinese herbs (naringenin, kaempferol, puerarin, baicalein, and luteolin) on diabetic rats.\n\n\nMETHODS\nFour databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library, were searched from inception to May 2020. Only studies using diabetes model rats were included in the analysis. Blood glucose data from the last measurement were collected and analyzed. Pair-wise Meta-analyses were conducted using STATA v14.0 software and a Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA v14.0, ADDIS v1.16.6, and R v3.6.1. The quality of included studies was assessed with the SYRCLE risk of bias tool for animal studies, and publication bias was evaluated with a comparisonadjusted funnel plot.\n\n\nRESULTS\nA total of 33 studies were included in the analysis, in which all 5 flavonoids showed a beneficial effect on blood glucose level of diabetic rats were included in the final analysis. The standardized mean differences (95% confidence intervals) were -4.92 (-6.67, -3.17) fornaringenin, -12 (-18.74, -5.27) for kaempferol, -2.52 (-3.77, -1.26) for puerarin, -3.04 (-5.75, -0.34) for baicalein, and -1.94 (-2.95, -0.92) for luteolin. The network Meta-analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the effect sizes of the flavonoids.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nThe results of the Meta-analysis showed that naringenin, kaempferol, puerarin, baicalein, and luteolin all have clear hypoglycemic effects in rat diabetes models, highlighting their therapeutic potential for preventing and treating diabetes mellitus in clinical practice.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":247628487,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.19852\/j.cnki.jtcm.20210425.001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Power is the most critical resource for the exascale high performance computing. In the future, system administrators might have to pay attention to the power consumption of the machine under different work loads. Hence, each application may have to run with an allocated power budget. Thus, achieving the best performance on future machines requires optimal performance subject to a power constraint. This additional performance requirement should not be the responsibility of HPC~(High Performance Computing) application developers. Optimizing the performance for a given power budget should be the responsibility of high-performance system software stack. Modern machines allow power capping of CPU and memory to implement power budgeting strategy. Finding the best runtime environment for a node at a given power level is important to get the best performance. This paper presents ARCS (Adaptive Runtime Configuration Selection) frameworkthat automatically selects the best runtime configuration for each OpenMPparallel region at a given power level. The framework uses OMPT (OpenMP Tools) API, APEX(Autonomic Performance Environment for eXascale), and Active Harmony frameworksto explore configuration search space and selects the best number of threads, scheduling policy, and chunk size for a given power level at run-time. We test ARCS using the NAS Parallel Benchmark, and proxy application LULESH with Intel Sandybridge, and IBM Power multi-core architectures. We show that for a given power level, efficient OpenMP runtime parameter selection can improve the execution time and energy consumption of an application up to 40% and 42% respectively.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":1590562,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2560758758","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/CLUSTER.2016.39","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper we present a novel fabrication technique for silicon nitride (Si(3)N(4)) waveguides with a thickness of up to 900 nm, which are suitable for nonlinear optical applications. The fabrication method is based on etching trenches in thermally oxidized silicon and filling the trenches with Si(3)N(4). Using this technique no stress-induced cracks in the Si(3)N(4) layer were observed resulting in a high yield of devices on the wafer. The propagation losses of the obtained waveguides were measured to be as low as 0.4 dB\/cm at a wavelength of around 1550 nm.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":20359053,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2138478468","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.000642","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1410.8736"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The issue of hydrate formation during gas processing is a challenging problem for the oil and gas industries. Billions of dollars spent annually to get rid of the blockage of pipelines due to hydrate clogging by applying various methodologies [1]. Among them injecting chemical inhibitors is the most widely accepted solution; however, choosing a chemical is a difficult task which depends a lot on the gravity of the situation. Generally methanol, glycols and salts also know as thermodynamic inhibitors (THIs) are used which needs to be added in large quantities (50 wt% or above) making them expensive and non-environmental friendly. Also, because methanol is flammable there is always risk and cost associated to its storage. Currently, a new class of inhibitors (generally polymers and surfactants) known as low dosage hydrate inhibitors (LDHIs) are getting much attention which can be used in much less amount (1\u20133 wt% or less) making them economically and environmentally feasible [2]. Industries are always looking for chemicals which are economic, environmental friendly and have peculiar set of properties. Currently, ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted the attention due to their potential for fulfilling the industrial demands [3]. In this work, we have shown that how a slight variation in the structure of ammonium ILs result in peculiar behavior towards methane gas hydrates. Five ionic liquids (ILs) belonging to the same ammonium family but structurally and functionally different were tested for their hydrate inhibition ability using a meso-scale rocking-rig apparatus. The first IL studied was tetra-methylammonium acetate (TMAA) which is very similar to a tetra-alkylammonium salt; well known hydrate inhibitors\/promoters. The other four ILs belong to choline, also known as, substituted alkyl-ammonium family where one of the alkyl substitutions of TMA is replaced by hydroxy-ethyl functionality. The four choline ILs were attached to anions which are different in nature viz., butyrate and iso-butyrate are isomeric counterparts; whereas hexanoate and octanoate has a difference in the chain length. It has been shown in this work that any slight structural variation in the compound used for hydrate inhibition resulted in a unique behavior. The working concentration and pressure range are also some important factors. It has been shown that at 1 wt% and at higher pressures the Ch-Oct, Ch-But and TMAA act as hydrate promoters. Whereas, at 5 wt% in the whole experimental pressure range (40\u2013120 bar) all the studied ILs act similarly as hydrate inhibitors with TMAA showing the best performance almost comparable to methanol at high pressure. Hydrate suppression temperatures were determined and the performance of individual IL has been discussed quantitatively. Molar hydrate dissociation enthalpies were calculated and their values were interpreted in the light of the thermodynamic inhibition results which indicate that the ILs do not participate in the hydrate cages. Induction time analysis shows that Ch-Oct due to its micelles forming ability acts as a strong kinetic inhibitor which delays the hydrate formation time by more than an hour. Thus, it must be emphasized that a slight structural variations in the structure of ILs reveals their doubly dual nature for methane hydrates system viz., thermodynamic inhibition, hydrate promoter, kinetic inhibition and surfactant character. Since, the used ILs are also biocompatible, non-toxic and biodegradable it make them an excellent alternative class of inhibitors compared to their conventional counterparts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":100049790,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2541927817","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5339\/QFARC.2016.EEPP2823","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To reduce the deleterious effects of environmental contamination, governments across the world have enacted regulations broadly conceived for entire populations. Information arising out of the Human Genome Project and other cutting-edge genetic research is shifting the policymaking process. This fascinating volume draws on experts from academia, government, industry, and nongovernmental organizations to examine the science of genomic research as applied to environmental policy. The first section explores environmental policy applications, including subpopulation genetic profiling, industrial regulations, and standardizing governmental evaluation of genomic data. The second section assesses from multiple angles the legal framework involved in applying genomics to environmental regulation. In the third section, the contributors review closely the implications of genomic research for occupational health, from disease prevention and genetic susceptibility to toxicants, to workers' rights and potential employment discrimination. A fourth section explores the bioethical and philosophical complications of bringing genetic data and research into nonclinical regulatory frameworks. Genomics and Environmental Regulation points to ways in which information on toxicology and genetics can be used to craft more precise and efficient regulations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":152737173,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"560632507","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5860\/choice.46-5589","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Effective emergency (such as a hurricane, a building on fire, and so on) response requires accurate, relevant, timely, and location-aware information (e.g., environmental information, health records, and so on). Acquiring information in such critical situations encounters substantial challenges, such as large volume of data processing, unstructured data, privacy, authorized data access, and so forth. Among the issues, access authorization has received little attention. Existing solutions for data authorization either do not scale well or merely consider a Break-the-Glass concept in which a master key is provided to the first responders (FRs) to decrypt the corresponding ciphertext. This may not only enable unauthorized users to access information, but it may also overwhelm FRs by the large volume of accessible data. To jointly address the aforementioned issues, this paper proposes a location-aware authorization scheme that enables FRs to access information provided that they are within a predefined distance from data owners at the time of an emergency. We innovatively integrate attribute-based encryption with broadcast encryption to incorporate dynamic attributes (i.e., location and time) into an access policy. Such attributes act as filters to eliminate data irrelevant to an ongoing emergency. As a result, our scheme provides authorized access to accurate, relevant, timely, and location-aware information. We provide extensive security analysis and performance evaluations to demonstrate the effectiveness of our scheme. The analysis shows that the scheme imposes constant communication and decryption computation overheads. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is proven chosen plain-text attack selectively secure based on m-bilinear Diffie-Hellman exponent assumption. It also addresses the key escrow problem.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":10767805,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2516341111","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2016.2601442","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Research suggests that core schemas are important in both the development and maintenance of psychosis. Aims: The aim of the study was to investigate and compare core schemas in four groups along the continuum of psychosis and examine the relationships between schemas and positive psychotic symptomatology. Method: A measure of core schemas was distributed to 20 individuals experiencing first-episode psychosis (FEP), 113 individuals with \"at risk mental states\" (ARMS), 28 participants forming a help-seeking clinical group (HSC), and 30 non-help-seeking individuals who endorse some psychotic-like experiences (NH). Results: The clinical groups scored significantly higher than the NH group for negative beliefs about self and about others. No significant effects of group on positive beliefs about others were found. For positive beliefs about the self, the NH group scored significantly higher than the clinical groups. Furthermore, negative beliefs about self and others were related to positive psychotic symptomatology and to distress related to those experiences. Conclusions: Negative evaluations of the self and others appear to be characteristic of the appraisals of people seeking help for psychosis and psychosis-like experiences. The results support the literature that suggests that self-esteem should be a target for intervention. Future research would benefit from including comparison groups of people experiencing chronic psychosis and people who do not have any psychotic-like experiences.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":3150461,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2100666854","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S1352465813000593","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"One way of increasing access to electricity for impoverished unconnected areas without adding significant amounts of CO 2 to the atmosphere is by promoting renewable energy technologies. However, decision-makers rarely, if ever, take into account the level of in-built energy requirements and consequential CO 2 emissions found in renewable energy, particularly photovoltaic cells and related equipment, which have been widely disseminated in developing countries. The deployment of solar panels worldwide has mostly relied on silicon crystalline cell modules, despite the fact that less polluting material\u2014in particular, thin film and organic cells\u2014offers comparatively distinct technical, environmental and cost advantages characteristics. A major scientific challenge has thus been the design of a single decision-making approach to assess local and global climate change-related impacts as well as the socio-economic effects of low-carbon technology. The article focuses on the functions of the multi-criteria-based tool SURE-DSS and environmental impact analysis focused on greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions balance to inform the selection of technologies in terms of their impact on livelihoods and CO 2 eq. emissions. An application in a remote rural community in Cuba is discussed. The results of this study show that while PV silicon (c-Si), thin film (CdTe) and organic solar cells may each equally meet the demands of the community and enhance people's livelihoods, their effect on the global environment varies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":18645305,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2561299410","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/EN9121086","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"It is not a secret that recent advances in deep learning (1) methods have achieved a scientific and engineering milestone in many different fields such as natural language processing, computer vision, speech recognition, object detection, and segmentation, to name a few. Different applications of deep learning to medical imaging started to appear first in workshops, conferences and then in journals. According to a recent survey (2), the number of papers grew rapidly in 2015 and 2016. Nowadays, deep learning methods are pervasive throughout the entire medical imaging community, with Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) being the most used model for tasks such as dense prediction (or segmentation), detection and classification. In the same survey, which analyzed more than 300 contributions in the field, the authors found that computed tomography (CT) was the third most used imaging modality.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":67892269,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2909847169","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21037\/JMAI.2019.01.01","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"While more than 60% of associate degrees and 98% of higher education certificates are classified as \"career education,\" the value of these programs has been repeatedly questioned. In this paper, we review and develop the evidence base on occupational higher education in the community college sector. We begin by describing the extent and recent growth of occupational credentials, including diplomas and certificates, both in the community college system and the for-profit sector. We then review the evidence on the labor market returns to occupational programs, focusing particularly on whether patterns vary between metropolitan and non-metropolitan residents and by gender. Using SIPP data from 2008, we observe the returns across vocational certificates and associate degrees by field of study. Finally, we draw policy lessons and consider the implications of the Great Recession on changes in the labor market.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":154465341,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2138811279","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7916\/D89C6VGH","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Geographic Distance and the Impact of Investor Sentiment on Stock Prices by YANG Yan Master of Philosophy Based on China's stock market, this study investigates how firms' geographic distance from a financial center affects the sensitivity of stock prices to investor sentiment. I find that firms located closer to a financial center are more affected by investor sentiment than firms located far from a financial center. This distance effect holds for different geographic cutting boundaries and after excluding firms located in financial centers. Besides, using China's High Speed Railway (HSR) as an exogenous shock, I find that HSR connection significantly decreases the effect of geographic distance on the sentiment-driven stock price relationship. In addition, firms with shorter travel times to financial centers are more affected by investor sentiment than firms with longer travel times. Moreover, firms located in provinces with a high stock market participation rate are more affected by investor sentiment than other firms. And Analysts increase the frequency of favorable recommendations for firms that are located closer to financial centers when investor sentiment is high. Furthermore, firms located closer to a financial center do not have higher institutional ownership than other firms. Last but not least, firms located in more economically developed provinces are not more affected by investor sentiment than firms located in less developed provinces. Overall, my findings highlight the importance of geographic distance in explaining the effects of investor sentiment on stock prices.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":169070297,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2806588011","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3079577","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/commons.ln.edu.hk\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1016&context=fin_etd","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The role of parents in their children's education is an issue of critical importance. Many of the changes currently underway in British schools have been justified on the grounds that they provide \"what parents want\". But what do parents really want? And how have they reacted to the changes already introduced in the UK, such as increased parental choice, the National Curriculum, and standardized assessment? Parents and Their Children's Schools is the first book to tackle this important issue in depth and will be important reading for all those involved in education. It presents the findings of a unique research study which looked directly at these questions. The study followed 150 children through Key Stage One (5-7 years) of the National Curriculum, culminating in the first standardized assessments of 7 year olds ever to take place in the UK. The book presents the views of their parents and teachers, obtained through regular in-depth interviews at crucial stages during this period. As such, it provides important insights into the changes currently underway in schools and their effects on parents. In a broader context, it makes a major contribution to our understanding of the fundamental relationship between parents and schools.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":68792384,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"203597039","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract A portable digital network (the PANDA array) of 40 three-component stations with an aperture of about 35 km was deployed for 4 months in the Arkansas swarm area in 1987. Only 12 swarm events occurred during the deployment, in contrast to the intense seismic activity that characterized this region in 1982 to 1984. These events were relocated using a joint hypocentral determination technique (JHD). The JHD method used here allows for the simultaneous determination of P - and S -wave station corrections while providing information on the uniqueness of the solution based on the singular values of a matrix related to the station corrections. P -wave station corrections, determined when all nonzero singular values were used in the computations (or with the two smallest nonzero singular values deleted), show a circular pattern of positive values surrounded by negative values. The epicentral area is localized slightly displaced from the center of the pattern. Since positive and negative corrections correspond to velocities that are lower and higher, respectively, than the average, our results indicate that the swarm area is characterized by seismic velocities lower than those of its surroundings. Independent information on this region is afforded by reflection seismic lines recorded in the swarm area and its vicinity, which show that the hypocenters are located in a region where strong reflectors completely lose their coherence, indicating that this volume is anomalous when compared to surrounding crust. Additional support for a low-velocity zone comes from the results of a 3-D velocity inversion of the same PANDA data. A selected subset of data recorded digitally by the USGS in 1982 was also relocated. Comparison with the results from the PANDA data shows that the seismic activity did not migrate over a 5-yr period and that it is concentrated within a small volume between about 3 km and 6 km depth. While the results of this study do not determine the ultimate cause of the Arkansas swarm, the discovery of a pronounced localized low velocity zone is consistent with a previously proposed magmatic intrusion or a zone of highly fractured, fluid-filled crust.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":130359067,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2341921830","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\nPlasmodium falciparum infection exerts a considerable burden on pregnant women, but less is known about the adverse consequences of Plasmodium vivax infection.\n\n\nMETHODS\nIn Papua, Indonesia, where multiple drug resistance to both species has emerged, we conducted a cross-sectional hospital-based study to quantify the risks and consequences of maternal malaria.\n\n\nRESULTS\nFrom April 2004 through December 2006, 3046 pregnant women were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of parasitemia at delivery was 16.8% (432 of 2570 women had infections), with 152 (35.2%) of these 432 infections being associated with fever. The majority of infections were attributable to P. falciparum (250 [57.9%]); 146 (33.8%) of the infections were attributable to P. vivax, and 36 (8.3%) were coinfections with both species. At delivery, P. falciparum infection was associated with severe anemia (hemoglobin concentration, <7 g\/dL; odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.0-4.0) and a 192 g (95% CI, 119-265) reduction in mean birth weight (P<.001). P. vivax infection was associated with an increased risk of moderate anemia (hemoglobin concentration, 7-11 g\/dL; OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2-2.9; P=.01) and a 108 g (95% CI, 17.5-199) reduction in mean birth weight (P<.019). Parasitemia was associated with preterm delivery (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.0; P=.02) and stillbirth (OR, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.3-4.1; P=.007) but was not associated with these outcomes after controlling for the presence of fever and severe anemia, suggesting that malaria increases the risk of preterm delivery and stillbirth through fever and contribution to severe anemia rather than through parasitemia per se.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThese observations highlight the need for novel, safe, and effective treatment and prevention strategies against both multidrug-resistant P. falciparum and multidrug-resistant P. vivax infections in pregnant women in areas of mixed endemicity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":2059130,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2154959709","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1086\/586743","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cid\/article-pdf\/46\/9\/1374\/938219\/46-9-1374.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The visual problems of aphakia are mainly due to the optical distortion produced by spectacle correction. Even with new aspheric forms difficulties arise from prismatic effects-ring scotoma, 'jack-in-thebox' phenomenon, and reduced field. For the monocular aphake there is also the absence of binocularity due to aniseikonia. Contact lenses of polymethylmethacrylate have done much to solve these problems, but they also introduce difficulties of visual instability, discomfort, and, more important in the older age group, difficulties in handling. Stability and comfort could be overcome by soft contact lenses for daily wear, but the handling problems are much worse. The cleaning process involved and the breakage rate are enough to discourage the most strongly motivated. A continuously worn lens would overcome all these problems. All the usual arrangements for optical management leave the patient poorly corrected during the postoperative period, which is normally about six weeks. In order to fill this gap, aid early mobilisation, prevent postoperative confusion, and provide an alternative to the intraocular implant, it was decided to divide this trial into two parts-the first where a 'continuous' wear lens was fitted at operation, and the second, the more conventional, the fitting of these lenses definitively at six weeks. The placing of a lens on the eye at operation was introduced because of the observed absence of inflammation in the early postoperative period, when a backward sloping corneal incision was used. It has often been suggested that this type of section would produce high degrees of corneal astigmatism. This has not been our experience (on average a spectacle astigmatism of 158 was found by analysis of 100","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":259905862,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The diurnally evolving trapped lee wave over a small-scale two-dimensional steep mountain is investigated in large-eddy simulations based on a fully compressible and nonhydrostatic model [Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic (ICON)] with triangular grids of 50-m-edge length. An idealized atmospheric profile derived from a realistic case is designed to account for influences from the stagnant layer near the surface, the stability of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and the upper-level jet. First, simulations were done to bridge from the linear regime to the nonlinear regime by increasing the mountain height, which showed that larger-amplitude lee waves with longer wavelength can be produced in the nonlinear regime than in the linear regime. Second, the effects of the stagnant layer near the surface and the ABL stability were explored, which showed that the stagnant layer or the stable ABL can play a similar wave-absorbing role in the nonlinear regime as in linear theories or simulations. Third, the role of the upper-level jet was explored, indicating that a stronger (weaker) upper-level jet can help to produce longer (shorter) lee waves. The stable ABL with a stagnant layer can more (less) efficiently absorb the longer (shorter) lee waves due to the stronger (weaker) jet, so that the wave response is more sensitive to the wave-absorption layer when an upper-level jet is present. Finally, the momentum budget was analyzed to explore the interaction between the upper and lower levels of the troposphere, which showed that the momentum flux due to the upward-propagating waves and trapped waves varies with the upper-level jet strength and low-level stagnancy and ABL stability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":229430032,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3106925098","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1175\/jas-d-20-0085.1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/journals.ametsoc.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/atsc\/78\/2\/jas-d-20-0085.1.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Thecamoebian species and assemblages reported from various limnological environments in North America are not appreciably different across a climatic gradient ranging from semi-tropical to Arctic latitudes. However, certain morphological characteristics of individual species referred to as \"strains\" do appear to be very sensitive to changing environmental conditions. Thus, the identification of strains is a useful technique in the interpretation of paleoenvironmental conditions. Other features considered diagnostic of Arctic conditions in particular, are assemblages dominated by one or two species, and large and coarse tests. Some thecamoebian specimens found in lakes on Richards Island, Northwest Territories, Canada, are two to three times larger than those reported from temperate locations. These \"giant\" specimens are perhaps related to very short periods of warm water temperatures which appear to be favorable for reproduction. Tests grow to a large size after extended feeding periods during the short Arctic summers. For the first time, continuous annual lake temperature data confirm the hypothesis that the presence of abundant large tests in an assemblage may be indicative of cold climates, due to a short reproductive season.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":129685174,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2126925352","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2113\/34.4.249","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Over the past 30 years, the influence of economics over the study of environmental law and policy has expanded considerably, becoming in the process the predominant framework for analyzing regulations that address pollution, natural resource use, and other environmental issues. This review seeks to complement the expansion of economic reasoning and methodology within the field of environmental law and policy by identifying insights to be gleaned from various \"nondismal\" social sciences. In particular, three areas of inquiry are highlighted as illustrative of interdisciplinary work that might help to complement law and economics and, in some cases, compensate for it: the study of how human individuals perceive, judge, and decide; the observation and interpretation of how knowledge schemes are created, used, and regulated; and the analysis of how states and other actors coordinate through international and global regulatory regimes. The hope is to provide some examples of how environmental law and policy research can be improved by deeper and more diverse engagement with social science.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":145594726,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2136727623","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1146\/ANNUREV-LAWSOCSCI-102510-105408","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sexual dysfunction, body image distress and marital dissatisfaction in breast cancer patients of University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) \nIntroduction: Breast cancer is the commonest cancer amongst Malaysian women. Recent literature has shown that, the disease itself and adverse effects of the cancer treatment were associated with sexual dysfunction, body image distress and marital dissatisfaction. \nAim: The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction in breast cancer patients who are in remission attending follow-up at the breast clinic in UMMC. \nMethod: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at the breast clinic in UMMC. The patients were given self-reported questionnaires, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Breast Impact of Treatment Scale (BITS), Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State (GRIMS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI). Socio-demographic, clinical, disease and marital data were obtained by interviewing the patients and also reviewing the medical notes. Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of UMMC. \niii \nResults: A total of 100 breast cancer patients were recruited. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction as assessed by the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) with the cut-off score of \u2264 26.6 was 90.0%. By using the Breast Impact of Treatment Scale (BITS), the prevalence of body image distress was 42.9%. The prevalence of marital dissatisfaction determined by the Golombok Rust Inventory of Marital State (GRIMS) was 55.0%. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess depression (prevalence of 9.0%) and anxiety (prevalence of 27.0%). \nActual age of disease onset, total GRIMS score (marital dissatisfaction) and HADS-D sub-scale score (depression) were found to be independently associated with sexual dysfunction. \nConclusion: Breast cancer survivors experienced great level of sexual dysfunction, body image distress, marital dissatisfaction, depression and anxiety. These findings serve as an alarm for health care providers for early and routine assessment of these matters. A prompt referral to the mental health services may be required for further evaluation and appropriate treatment when indicated.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":80325008,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2619909618","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As a descriptive philosophy, it might seem that the ethical nowhere has its place in phenomenology. And yet, phenomenology is everywhere shot through with normative concerns. This section includes articles from the 2018 conference Toward a Phenomenological Ethics, where two themes emerged regarding the elusive place of the ethical in phenomenology: first, research demonstrates that early phenomenology was indeed oriented by the ethical;second, Critical Phenomenology examines ethical questions in terms of intersubjectivity and oppression. In this introduction, I suggest that the place of the ethical in phenomenology implies a certain paradoxical logic of expression, and I consider the relationship between expression and encroachment. This points to a double responsibility for the cultivation of our own virtual and the virtual that we collectively sustain. I conclude with a brief reflection on how these ideas might help us to rethink our responsibilities in the age of COVID-19.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":234974912,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3154775004","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5840\/SYMPOSIUM20212511","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Fibrous materials are attractive for biomedical applications owing to their structural superiorities, which include large surface-area-to-volume ratio, high porosity, and pore interconnectivity in a controlled manner. Among the various methods of fiber fabrication, electrospinning has emerged as an attractive nanotechnology to produce ultrafine fibrous materials for myriad applications, including tissue scaffolding. In this technique, processing parameters, such as the solution properties, tip-to-collector distance, applied voltage, etc., can be tailored to obtain the fibers of the desired morphology and physicochemical properties. Ideal scaffolds should meet the basic requirements, such as three-dimensional (3D) architecture, proper mechanical properties and biodegradability, and the sufficient surface characteristics for cell adhesion and proliferation. However, most of the electrospun nanofiber-based scaffolds have densely packed two-dimensional (2D) array which hinders the cell infiltration and growth throughout the scaffolds, thereby limiting their applicability in tissue regeneration. To overcome this problem, several attempts have been made to develop a biomimetic three-dimensional, nanofibrous scaffold. This chapter deals with noble techniques including gas foaming (GF), charge repulsion-assisted fabrication, post-processing, liquid-assisted collection, collector modification, and porogen-assisted methods for the fabrication of 3D nanofibrous scaffold for biomedical applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":216385805,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3010305857","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.88584","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/citation-pdf-url\/68617","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We combine transaction-level data from the largest retail bank in Denmark and individual-level data from government registers to study informal insurance within social networks. Accounting for transfers in cash (money transfers) and in kind (cohabitation), we estimate that family and friends jointly replace around 7 cents of the marginal dollar lost within the bottom income decile, but much less at higher income levels. We document that informal insurance covers other adverse events than income losses: expenditure shocks, family ruptures and financial distress. Parents appear to be the key providers of informal insurance with a small amount of insurance coming from siblings and virtually none from grandparents and friends. Replacement rates vary monotonically with parent economic resources.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":226433117,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3036471604","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3624022","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.econ.ku.dk\/cebi\/publikationer\/working-papers\/CEBI_WP_19-20.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Mast cell leukemia (MCL) is a rare and aggressive form of systemic mastocytosis. There are approximately 50 reported cases since 1950s. MCL is refractory to cytoreduction chemotherapy and the average survival is only six months. We report a MCL case in a 71 year-old woman with high tumor load at the initial presentation in 2005, who did not respond to either interleukin-2 or dasatinib therapy. After enrolled in a clinical trial of PKC412 (or Midostaurin) with a daily dose of 100 mg, the patient responded well to PKC412 and became transfusion independent in three months. Since then, her disease had been stably controlled. This is the first report of a high-tumor-load MCL case which achieved prolonged survival (101 months) by PKC 412. The 101-month overall survival is the longest among reported MCL cases in the English literature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":7164407,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2408545441","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The black soldier fly has shown great promise in addressing two environmental concerns: (1) waste management; and (2) protein supplementation for use as feed for livestock, poultry, and aquaculture. Thus, tremendous efforts have been placed on mass-production of the black soldier fly. Currently, little is known about the thermal tolerance limits of black soldier fly eggs and immatures. The objective of this study was to determine the lower temperature threshold for black soldier fly development. Development time, egg eclosion and adult emergence success were measured at 12, 16 and 19 \u00b0C. We determined that the lower threshold for egg hatch was between 12 and 16 \u00b0C, taking 15 days to hatch. Furthermore, we determined that the lower temperature threshold for larvae is between 16 and 19 \u00b0C with egg hatch in 7.75 days at 19 \u00b0C. Mean development time from egg to adult at 19 \u00b0C was 72 days.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":89136895,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2410679566","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3920\/JIFF2016.0008","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The aim of the present study was to determine the cellular site of eyeless-I (ey-I) and eyeless-2 (ey-2) gene action, causing anophthalmia or microphthalmia. Eye primordia from 10-day-old embryos of ZRDCT-AN and CC57BR (control) mice were cultured in vitro for 3 or 6 days. In 59 out of 77 cultured mutant eye primordia neural retina was disturbed. In 9 mutant eye primordia the disturbed neural retina was 4-6 times thinner than in the control. However, lens differentiation was similar to that in the control, epithelial and fibrous components were observed. Thus, mutant genes eyeless inhibit the growth of primordial retina, causing secondary developmental defects of the lens and other eye structures.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":26249645,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents methods and results for experimental performance assessment using Real-Time Hardware-in-the-Loop (RT-HIL) simulation of an Excitation Control System (ECS) for both terminal voltage regulation and power oscillation damping. The ECS configured for this study is Unitrol 1020 from ABB and its performance is assessed for both Automatic Voltage Regulator (Auto) and Field Current Regulator(Manual)modes. RT-HIL simulation is performed by using Opal-RT's eMEGAsim RT Simulator using a power system model including a synchronous generator. Finally, the Power System Stabilizing feature of Unitrol 1020 is calibrated and assessed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":1189532,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1502148407","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/IECON.2014.7049059","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The English Magna Carta (1215) has long stood as a symbol of human liberty and the rule of law. This Article investigates its intellectual origins, suggesting the existence of possible influence on the Charter by the contemporary ius commune, the amalgam of Roman and canon laws that had emerged in consequence of the revival of legal studies on the Continent in the twelfth century. Comparing the substance of over half of the chapters with the contemporary ius commune, the Article demonstrates that many similarities existed. Accepting the possibility of use of Continental sources in drafting the Charter helps explain otherwise puzzling features in it. It also accords with common patterns in legal development at the time.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":53390957,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"About 6 mld of industrial waste water is discharged without proper treatment in the fresh water zone of the river Kolak. Parameters like suspended solids, pH, chloride, DO, BOD, phosphate, nitrate, boron, sulphate and trace metals were periodically determined at 8 stations spread over a distance of 35 km from the mouth. The river flow decreases considerably during the dry season and is negligible after February. Severe pollution conditions, therefore, prevail during the dry season. Appreciable tidal influence with strong flood and ebb currents is observed upto about 3.5 km only, from the mouth. The effluent if discharged in this region would be effectively washed to the sea during the ebb tide","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":129252635,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1589780616","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper describes an experimental study of steel beam-column connections with or without expanded beam flanges with different geometries. The objectives of this study are to elucidate the cyclic behavior of these connections, identify the location of the plastic hinge zone, and provide useful test data for future numerical simulations. Five connection specimens are designed and tested under cyclic load. The test setup consists of a beam and a column connected together by a connection with or without expanded beam flanges. A constant axial force is applied to the column and a time varying point load is applied to the free end of the beam, inducing shear and moment in the connection. Because the only effect to be studied in the present work is the expanded beam flange, the sizes of the beam and column as well as the magnitude of the axial force in the column are kept constant. However, the length, width and shape of the expanded beam flanges are varied. The responses of these connections in terms of their hysteretic behavior, failure modes, stiffness degradation and strain variations are experimentally obtained and discussed. The test results show that while the influence of the expanded beam flanges on hysteretic behavior, stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity of the connection is relatively minor, the size of the expanded beam flanges does affect the location of the plastic hinge zone and strain variations in these beam-column joints. Furthermore, in terms of ductility, moment and rotational capacities, all five connections behave well. No weld fracture or premature failure occurs before the formation of a plastic hinge in the beam.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":219880534,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3020072311","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A study was carried out to understand the relationship between the pore structure's evolution of Al alloy melt foam and its preparation variables, which include decomposition properties of titanium hydride, the stirring foaming time and the holding foaming time. The results show that the foaming process of Al alloy melt can be inferred by the relation curves of decomposition quantity of titanium hydride and time at a specific temperature. The porosity of Al alloy melt during stirring foaming period is kept constant while the pore number increases and pore diameter decreases, which is a new method of fabricating Al alloy foam with a relatively low porosity and small pore size.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137504953,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2053735564","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.544-545.315","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND AND AIMS\nAcne remains a severe problem for both patients and clinicians. Various approaches using photosurgery and phototherapy have been reported with varying degrees of success and robustness of results. An improved intense pulsed light (IPL) system has become available with interesting beam characteristic which might improve IPL treatment of inflammatory acne in the Asian skin, Fitzpatrick type III\/IV.\n\n\nSUBJECTS AND METHODS\nThe 18 study subjects comprised 15 females and 3 males with active mild to moderately severe inflammatory acne (mean age 25.3 \u00b1 7.70 yr, range 17-47 yr, Burton scale 1-4, all Fitzpatrick type III Asian skin). They were treated once (8 subjects) or twice (10 subjects) with an IPL system offering both square pulse and time resolved spectral distribution technologies (420 nm cut-off filter, 30 ms pulse, 8 - 12 J\/cm(2), 2-3 passes). Clinical photography was taken at baseline and at 4 weeks after the final treatment. Percentage of acne clearance was assessed by an independent dermatological panel and graded from zero to 5, 5 being total clearance.\n\n\nRESULTS\nAll subjects completed the study. Post-treatment side effects were mild and transient, with virtually no downtime or postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) experienced by any subject. All subjects had some improvement and no exacerbation was seen in any subject. Clearance was evaluated by the panel as grade 4 in 5 subjects, grade 3 in 8, grade 2 in 4 and grade 1 in 1, so that 14 of 18 subjects (78%) had clearance of at least 60%. Patient evaluation was in general slightly better than that of the panel.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThe special beam characteristics of the IPL system used in the present preliminary study achieved good to very good results in the treatment of acne in the Fitzpatrick type III Asian skin without PIH induction. The results suggested that acne treatment in the Asian skin using this system is both safe and effective, and merits larger population studies to further optimize parameters and standardize top-up treatments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":29168572,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2067814760","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5978\/islsm.12-OR-06","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article considers the new European Unified Patent and evaluates its effectiveness by comparing it to alternative patent options. It further assesses the expected impact on European and global business enterprise going forward. It evaluates where or not it is indeed the panacea for all EU wide innovation needs or, alternatively, is simply another tool in the kit of European politics, designed to widen national spheres of influence in the process of economic progress and development.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":155500551,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2189850702","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.54648\/bula2015015","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents improvements on techniques of merging tasks in task graphs generated in the ModPar automatic parallelization module of the OpenModelica compiler. Automatic parallelization is performed on Modelica models by building data dependency graphs called task graphs from the model equations. To handle large task graphs with fine granularity, i.e. low ratio of execution and communication cost, the tasks are merged. This is done by using a graph rewrite system(GRS), which is a set of graph transformation rules applied on the task graph. In this paper we have solved the confluence problem of the task merging system by giving priorities to the merge rules. A GRS is confluent if the application order of the graph transformations does not matter, i.e. the same result is gained regardless of application order. We also present a Modelica model suited for automatic parallelization and show results on this using the ModPar module in the OpenModelica compiler.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":15360163,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2097925988","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Traditional foods are facing new market challenges tied to current trends in food habits and their determinants, such as the decline of domestic food preparation, the increased demand for convenience foods, the increasing importance of industrial food production, and the evolution of regulations on food safety. In this context our study aims at improving the knowledge of consumer segments in traditional foods market in order to develop better marketing strategies. The preferences for different credence attributes are investigated applying a latent class choice model to the extra-virgin olive oil market in Italy. Results show the existence of a marked heterogeneity of preferences, which determines the presence of both vertical and horizontal differentiation of the product.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":54771997,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2566304438","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22434\/IFAMR2015.0177","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The chorionic gonadotropin (Cg) effects on the ability of intact and mitogen-activated splenocytes to form the adoptive immune response have been studied in a short-term cell culture. It has been established, that an hour incubation of non-fractionated spleen cells with CG (40 or 200 IU) leads to plaque-forming cell (PFC) suppression. The culture, deprived of macrophages, does not react on the hormone depressive effects, but its low dose, on the contrary, stimulates the PFC formation. Lipopolysaccharide addition into the culture of non-fractionated splenocytes does not influence the PFC level, while the CG addition leads to intensification of PFC formation processes. In the cell culture, deprived of macrophages, hormone abolishes the immunostimulating effect of lipopolysaccharide. The simultaneous addition of non-fractionated CG splenocytes and monoclonal anti-IgM antibodies does not influence the immunostimulating effect of mitogenic antibodies. The possible mechanisms of CG effect and the problem of hormonal immunocompetent cell regulation, depending on their functional activity are under consideration.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":89262552,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2421863977","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We test two questions: (i) Is the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) more parsimonious than Akaike Information Criterion (AIC)?, and (ii) Is BIC better than AIC for forecasting purposes? By using simulated data, we provide statistical inference of both hypotheses individually and then jointly with a multiple hypotheses testing procedure to control better for type-I error. Both testing procedures deliver the same result: The BIC shows an in- and out-of-sample superiority over AIC only in a long-sample context.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":10466505,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2002136951","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4067\/S0718-88702013000100003","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present the first causal analysis of recent large minimum wage increases, focusing on 47 larger U.S. counties that reached $15 or more by 2022q1. Using stacked county-level synthetic control estimators, we find substantial pay growth, no disemployment effects and reduced wage inequality. Our novel procedure ameliorates pandemic-related bias. We pose and address a monopsony puzzle: Researchers often invoke monopsony to explain absent negative employment effects, yet the model generally predicts positive employment effects. When we reduce selection and attenuation biases\u2014by excluding areas with local minimum wages and high-wage counties\u2014we find large, significant positive employment effects. JEL codes: B41, J23, J24, J31, J38, J42","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":259854780,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"textabstractIt is generally accepted that for autonomous hyperparathyroidism, whether \nprimary or tertiary, surgery is still the only suitable method of treatment \navailable. Analysis of a series of cases treated in t his way over the past \ntwenty years has shown that there are certain problems associated with the \ntreatment of this disease that have not yet been solved. \nEven experienced surgeons may have difficulty in finding the parathyroid \nglands when the localization or number is abnormal. The histological differentiation \nbetween nodular hyperplastic, and adenomatous parathyroid \ntissue may be extremely difficult, sometimes even impossible. It is just this \ndifference that might determine the amount of resection and the postoperative \ncourse. Furthermore, in some cases it is exceedingly difficult for \nthe surgeon to judge whether a parathyroid is of normal size and has a \nnormal appearance. Lastly, the etiology of primary hyperparathyroidism \nis still unknown. \nIn the present work the findings in 267 patients treated surgically between \n1950 and 1970 are discussed and evaluated in relation to the data in \nthe literature. Special attention is paid to the etiology of the disease, the \nhistological picture, and the surgical technique. The symptomatology, \ndiagnosis, and biochemical changes will only be mentioned briefly, since \nthe problems associated with them are so numerous that they deserve \nseparate treatment. A thesis on these subjects is in preparation in Leiden. \nBecause the prognosis of associated disease, especially the renal, is the \nmore favourable the earlier the diagnosis is made, some principles are given \nto promote earlier consideration of the diagnosis hyperparathyroidism in \ncases with few symptoms. \nThe data of 267 patients who underwent an operation between 1950 and \n1970 under the probability diagnosis hyperparathyroidism are discussed. \nThese patients were treated in the Leiden University Hospital, the Leiden \nDiaconess Hospital, or the Rotterdam University Hospital. In 255 of t hese \ncases the diagnosis was confirmed at surgery and histologically.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":263513226,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1685597603","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Directed search models are market games in which each firm announces a wage commitment to attract a worker. Miscoordination among workers generates search frictions, yet in equilibrium more productive firms post more attractive wage commitments to fill their vacancies faster, which yields constrained efficient outcomes. We show that commitment is not essential: Exactly the same efficient allocation can be sustained when announcements are pure cheap talk followed by a suitable subsequent wage-formation stage. The insights from existing commitment models extend unchanged to such a cheap-talk environment, even when workers differ in outside opportunities or observable common productivity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":152831679,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1530864558","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Renzini wrote an influential critique of \"overshooting\" in mixing-length theory (MLT), as used in stellar evolution codes, and concluded that three-dimensional fluid dynamical simulations were needed. Such simulations are now well tested. Implicit large eddy simulations connect large-scale stellar flow to a turbulent cascade at the grid scale, and allow the simulation of turbulent boundary layers, with essentially no assumptions regarding flow except the number of computational cells. Buoyant driving balances turbulent dissipation for weak stratification, as in MLT, but with the dissipation length replacing the mixing length. The turbulent kinetic energy in our computational domain shows steady pulses after 30 turnovers, with no discernible diminution; these are caused by the necessary lag in turbulent dissipation behind acceleration. Interactions between coherent turbulent structures give multi-modal behavior, which drives intermittency and fluctuations. These cause mixing, which may justify use of the instability criterion of Schwarzschild rather than the Ledoux. Chaotic shear flow of turning material at convective boundaries causes instabilities that generate waves and sculpt the composition gradients and boundary layer structures. The flow is not anelastic; wave generation is necessary at boundaries. A self-consistent approach to boundary layers can remove the need for ad hoc procedures of \"convective overshooting\" and \"semi-convection.\" In Paper II, we quantify the adequacy of our numerical resolution in a novel way, determine the length scale of dissipation\u2014the \"mixing length\"\u2014without astronomical calibration, quantify agreement with the four-fifths law of Kolmogorov for weak stratification, and deal with strong stratification.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":115130575,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2896964679","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3847\/1538-4357\/ab21d9","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1810.04653"},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3847\/1538-4357\/ab21d9","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this dissertation some ad theories and their relation to certain spectra are investigated. Quinn defined bordism-type theories, semisimplicial constructions with a geometric realization that is an \u03a9 \u00ad-spectrum. Here we study Laures and McClure's ad theories, a strengthening of the axioms of the bordism-type theories. Associated to an ad theory is a Quinn spectrum, an \u03a9\u00ad-spectrum that is the geometric realization of a semisiplicial set coming fromthe ad theory.The goal of the dissertation is to show equivalences between on one hand the Thom spectrum MSO and the Madsen-Tillmann spectra MT+ (d) and on the other hand some constructed Quinn spectra. This is done working through the singular complex of MSO and MT+ (d). Transversality is important here. The final step of the comparison of spectra is done by comparing the subset of the singular complex that is transversal to the 0- section of the spaces of the spectra MSO and MT+ (d) to the semisimplicial sets coming from the ad theories. For MSO, that this is an equivalence is a simplicial version of part of Rene Thoms proof about the stable homotopy of MSO.The ad theories are functors from index categories that come from ball complexes, to a target category we construct. This target category is built out of embedded smooth compactmanifolds with corners.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":118705854,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"281624309","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although design continuously has been expanding its scope of concern and intervention from products to processes, experience, and entire product and service ecologies, 'things' remain central to how \nwe think about design and use. But 'things' have changed. Contemporary materials, technologies and contexts of design and use, we argue, now result in 'things' that need to be understood as fluid assemblages rather than traditional objects. These often combine a surface-level simplicity of use with dynamic, sophisticated, and hidden backend complexity. In order to investigate these issues we consider a \nsimple design case and how it has evolved over time and through technological developments: that of pressing play to listen to music. Noting the tendencies in the ongoing evolution, with focus on the simple design element of the 'play' button, we suggest that traditional distinctions between design and use are breaking down. Coming to grips with the materials and ecologies of contemporary design practice thus requires the development of design theory and methodologies that allow us to articulate and bring into focus these significant new dynamics.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":108677486,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1875707759","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21606\/nordes.2015.018","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/dl.designresearchsociety.org\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1393&context=nordes","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Historically, Russia-China relations have been characterized by long periods of mistrust, interspersed with bouts of anger, fear, resentment, and at times even open hostilities. During the Soviet period, Moscow and Beijing were, for the most part, able to present a superficial front of friendship based on a common communist ideology. Yet, despite their past differences\u2014at times irreconcilable\u2014the two countries are now cooperating and could even become \u0333bedfellows' again, a development that would be perceived as rather alarming by many Western analysts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":250445050,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction: Clinical information when and where needed is a fundamental requirement to realising the promise integrated health services and care.\u00a0 Unco-ordinated patient care, conflicting advice, delays in diagnosis and treatment, and redundancy in the system with unnecessary repetition of information gathering and diagnostic investigation are the hallmark of a lack of shareable healthcare records.\u00a0 An integrated electronic patient record (EPR), stored centrally can diminish fragmentation as the same patient information is available to each discipline involved in patient care regardless of location, multiple users of the record can have simultaneous access to the record, and an electronic record is readily interrogated to support service monitoring and planning. Aim: To improve integration of epilepsy care and services within and between healthcare agencies by incorporating a novel state-of-the-art secure web-based EPR into service delivery across Ireland. Methods: Using mixed methods of ethnography, interviews, focus groups, surveys and audits, the role of shared information in facilitating integrated care was examined.\u00a0 This entailed engagement with people with epilepsy (PWE) and their carers, as well as healthcare providers from multiple health service: epileptologists, epilepsy specialist nurses, researchers, health service managers, general practitioners, general practice nurses, community nurses.\u00a0 This analysis of the epilepsy ecosystem in Ireland informed the requirements for the development of the National Epilepsy EPR. In an iterative process of design and development these requirements were translated by software engineers into the epilepsy EPR.\u00a0 Implementation of the system into clinical practice also occurred incrementally with associated workflow re-design. Results: Over a 12year period, the National Epilepsy EPR in Ireland has grown from a concept to a system that contains the longitudinal healthcare records of approximately 7000 PWE.\u00a0 It comprises functionality to capture and record information required for optimal patient care: e.g. epilepsy history, social history, medications, investigations, co-morbidities. The system is in daily use in 12 specialist epilepsy care sites across Ireland supporting range of tasks including out-patient services, epilepsy surgery care, epilepsy telephone advice line, outreach to intellectual disability sector and to obstetric care. It is providing timely access to clinical information, promoting better communication between clinicians and supporting clinical research. Conclusion: Our innovative project is leading the way in Ireland in exploiting (ICT) to enhance quality and safety of chronic disease management while containing cost. While the clinical field of interest is epilepsy the learning is certainly applicable to the management of other similarly complex chronic conditions.\u00a0 The National Epilepsy EPR has been designated a Lighthouse Project for eHealth Ireland to demonstrate the potential of technology to drive better-integrated care. Limitations: Lack of interoperability between different electronic health record systems poses a challenge for the National Epilepsy EPR. However, this is currently being addressed by the wider Irish health service. Lessons learned: Achieving success with an EPR requires courage and patience.\u00a0 Engagement with clinicians and patients is key to understanding the ecosystem so that the appropriate and sustainable technical solution is put in place.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":79493400,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2765449485","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5334\/IJIC.3796","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Shelf sandstone reservoirs are becoming a more and more common exploration target. What they are, how they may be characterized, and how they differ from shoreline and deep-water deposits in the subject of this publication. Shelf sands and sandstone reservoirs are among the more poorly understood types of sandstones. Continental, shoreline and deep water sandstones have all been studied in much more depth than have shelf sands and sandstones. However, during the last fifteen years significant progress has been made in understanding shelf sands and sandstones. Studies of modern sediments have allowed us to understand many of the depositional processes active on the shelf. This book is intended to be an up-to-date summary of shelf processes and products. The papers are intended for those new to shelf sands and sandstones as well as the shelf specialist.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":133582338,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2505705232","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2110\/COR.89.13","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We have developed a simple skin-like user interface that can be easily attached to curved as well as flat surfaces and used to measure tangential force generated by pinching and dragging interactions. The interface consists of several photoreflectors that consist of an IR LED and a phototransistor and elastic fabric such as stocking and rubber membrane. The sensing method used is based on our observation that photoreflectors can be used to measure the ratio of expansion and contraction of a stocking using the changes in transmissivity of IR light passing through the stocking. Since a stocking is thin, stretchable, and nearly transparent, it can be easily attached to various types of objects such as mobile devices, robots, and different parts of the body as well as to various types of conventional pressure sensors without altering the original shape of the object. It can also present natural haptic feedback in accordance with the amount of force exerted. A system using several such sensors can determine the direction of a two-dimensional force. A variety of example applications illustrated the utility of this sensing system.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":15009346,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2133656144","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/2380116.2380182","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose\nThe purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which academic librarians in Nigerian universities use self-archiving options to make their research papers visible globally.\n\n\nDesign\/methodology\/approach\nAn online survey was designed using SurveyMonkey software to collect data from 394 academic librarians in Nigerian Universities.\n\n\nFindings\nThe study revealed that the academic librarians in Nigerian universities know and actually use self-archiving options such as ResearchGate, institutional repository and Academia.edu to self-archive their publications. While other promotional tools such as kudos, Mendeley.com and personal websites\/servers are not popularly used by the academic librarians. Increased exposure of previously published work, broadens the dissemination of academic research generally, and increases institutions' visibility were among the factors the academic librarians indicated as very important that motivate them to contribute their scholarly output to self-archiving options.\n\n\nResearch limitations\/implications\nOne major challenge to the study is that many academic librarians in Nigeria do not check their e-mails regularly to enable them to respond to a request to participate in an online survey; some of them do not have stable internet facilities, whereas others are reluctant to respond to an online questionnaire. These reasons led to a low response rate which makes it difficult to generalize findings.\n\n\nPractical implications\nFindings from the study will create awareness for academic librarians in developing countries to see the need to self-archive their pre-print and accepted version of their papers in different self-archiving platforms.\n\n\nOriginality\/value\nSelf-archiving of papers by authors will lead to an increased visibility of the author and possible citation of the work and chances of collaboration with international colleagues for research projects.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":158765042,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2902189061","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1108\/GKMC-12-2017-0109","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper we propose linear iterative and noniterative algorithms which can efficiently correct a subset of t samples of a signal, whose values might have been corrupted, possibly due to noise, clipping, or any other reasons. We discuss the applicability of techniques used in error correcting codes to this problem, and the possibility of determining the location of the erroneous samples in oversampled band limited signals. The method borrows ideas from error-correcting codes such as BCH codes, but works in the complex field rather than in a Galois field. This work complements works in reconstruction theory which usually assume that the positions of lost samples or pixels are known, and improves on previously reported nonlinear iterative algorithms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":60522321,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1917966454","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/DSPWS.1996.555482","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A highly-linear software-defined radio operating from 400 MHz to 6 GHz is presented, with the purpose of removing any dedicated filtering at the antenna. Very high resilience to out-of-band interference is achieved thanks to a 2.5 V linear LNA and mixer-based RF blocker filter. The 2 mm2, 40 nm digital CMOS receiver achieves +10 dBm out-of-band IIP3 and >; +70 dBm calibrated IIP2 at 3 dB NF. It tolerates 0 dBm blockers at 20 MHz offset with acceptable blocker NF.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":27799355,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2111727000","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2011.2144110","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"[1]\u00a0We have analyzed Cluster magnetic field and plasma data during high-altitude cusp crossing and compared them with high-resolution MHD simulations. Cluster encountered a diamagnetic cavity (DMC) during northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions, and as the IMF rotated southward, the spacecraft reencountered the cavity more at the sunward side of the cusp because the reconnection site had changed location. We found evidence of magnetic reconnection both during northward and southward IMF conditions. The Cluster separation was \u223c5000 km, enabling for the first time measurements both inside the DMC and surrounding boundaries that allowed us to construct the structure of the DMC and put the observations of ion pitch angle distributions in context of local reconnection topology and gradients of the boundaries. The cavity is characterized by strong magnetic field fluctuations and high-energy particles. At the magnetosheath boundary the high-energy particle fluxes reduced by several orders of magnitude. Throughout the magnetosheath, the high-energy proton fluxes remained low except during brief intervals when sc4 and sc1 dropped back into the cavity due to changes in solar wind dynamic pressure. However, the high-energy O+ fluxes did not drop as much in the magnetosheath and were mostly at 60\u00b0\u2013120\u00b0 pitch angles, indicative of a trapped population in the DMC which is observed in the magnetosheath due to a large gyroradius. Significant fluxes of protons and ionized oxygen were also observed escaping from the diamagnetic cavity antiparallel to the magnetic field in a time scale more consistent with the local DMC source than with a reflected bow shock source.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":54932088,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2795689787","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1029\/2010JA015897","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Since the European Parliament (EP) passed a resolution on the use of armed drones in February 2014, it has pointed several times to the need for a common EU position on the matter. It has stressed in particular the importance of ensuring compliance with international human rights and humanitarian law when using armed drones. This publication, which was requested by the EP's Human Rights Subcommittee, includes a briefing with specific recommendations, drawn up from a legal standpoint, on the elements that a future Council decision on the use of armed drones should include. This publication also includes a report on the workshop held on 22 March 2017, at which a first draft of the briefing was presented and discussed with Members and stakeholders. The discussion at the workshop confirmed that there was broad support in Parliament for the development of common European principles governing the use of armed drones, not least in view of the emergence of new risks from non-state actors and the EU's commitment to enhancing security and defence cooperation. While there is currently no agreement between Member States to pursue the matter at EU level, the workshop debate drew attention to the common rules on exports of armed drones and drone technology that already exist. Furthermore, progress has been made recently in agreeing a joint EU position regarding the related matter of lethal autonomous weapons.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":217302864,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2995103242","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Analysis of protein depends particularly on protein concentration 1 . Protein concentration measurement is the most important part in the research work to conduct protein-related studies. Although there are many methods available for this purpose, each method has certain limitations. The aim of the experiment is to develop either new or modified analytical method for the analysis and detection of protein using newly introduced micro-plate reader equipped with Take3 microplate with the help of Gen-5 software. An ideal assay should be simple and easy to carry out. Another aspect to be taken into consideration are low inference, stability of measured components and low protein to protein variation 2 . This research work involves to measure protein concentration using various assays such as, absorbance at 280 nm, Bradford assay and BCA assay. Bradford and BCA assays are the most popular tools to quantify the protein sample. Bradford assay involves the measurement of absorbance at 595 nm 3 . BCA assay involves measurement of absorbance at 562 nm. BSA was used as protein standard because it is highly pure and inexpensive. The overall strategy is to develop a robust assay that uses the least amount of sample and test reagents . Successful completion of this work will aid protein researchers in quick identication and analysis of proteins.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":57297249,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1448775967","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Soil bacteria engage each other in competitive and cooperative ways to determine their microenvironments. In this study, we report the identification of a large number of genes required for Myxococcus xanthus to engage Bacillus subtilis in a predator-prey relationship. We generated and tested over 6,000 individual transposon insertion mutants of M. xanthus and found many new factors required to promote efficient predation, including the specialized metabolite myxoprincomide, an ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter permease, and a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) locus encoding bacterial immunity. We also identified genes known to be involved in predation, including those required for the production of exopolysaccharides and type IV pilus (T4P)-dependent motility, as well as chemosensory and two-component systems. Furthermore, deletion of these genes confirmed their role during predation. Overall, M. xanthus predation appears to be a multifactorial process, with multiple determinants enhancing predation capacity. IMPORTANCE Soil bacteria engage each other in complex environments and utilize multiple traits to ensure survival. Here, we report the identification of multiple traits that enable a common soil organism, Myxococcus xanthus, to prey upon and utilize nutrients from another common soil organism, Bacillus subtilis. We mutagenized the predator and carried out a screen to identify genes that were required to either enhance or diminish capacity to consume prey. We identified dozens of genes encoding factors that contribute to the overall repertoire for the predator to successfully engage its prey in the natural environment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":3706566,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2529785300","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/JB.00575-16","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present a new pixelized method for the inversion of gravitationally lensed extended source images which we term adaptive semi-linear inversion (SLI). At the heart of the method is an h-means clustering algorithm which is used to derive a source plane pixelization that adapts to the lens model magnification. The distinguishing feature of adaptive SLI is that every pixelization is derived from a random initialization, ensuring that data discretization is performed in a completely different and unique way for every lens model parameter set. We compare standard SLI on a fixed source pixel grid with the new method and demonstrate the shortcomings of the former when modelling singular power-law ellipsoid (SPLE) lens profiles. In particular, we demonstrate the superior reliability and efficiency of adaptive SLI which, by design, fixes the number of degrees of freedom (NDOF) of the optimization and thereby removes biases present with other methods that allow the NDOF to vary. In addition, we highlight the importance of data discretization in pixel-based inversion methods, showing that adaptive SLI averages over significant systematics that are present when a fixed source pixel grid is used. In the case of the SPLE lens profile, we show how the method successfully samples its highly degenerate posterior probability distribution function with a single nonlinear search. The robustness of adaptive SLI provides a firm foundation for the development of a strong lens modelling pipeline, which will become necessary in the short-term future to cope with the increasing rate of discovery of new strong lens systems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":59482584,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2266884756","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/mnras\/stv1455","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1412.7436"},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/mnras\/article-pdf\/452\/3\/2940\/4920845\/stv1455.pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The automotive industry was one of the earliest to internationalise, with overseas production by US companies already happening in the early 1900s. However, the arrangement for overseas automotive production at that time was quite different from the idea of international production networks in the contemporary sense. There were few linkages between international locations and overseas operations were designed either as largely self-sufficient, vertically integrated, replications of their domestic factories or as CKD\/SKD assembly plants with little local technical content. By comparison, our current understanding of international production networks is that they are dispersed, collaborative, high value adding and centrally coordinated. This paper uses global company case analysis to identify the drivers and enablers that shape the international production networks of two automotive companies, BMW and Volvo Cars. The methodology contrasts with previous network studies of the automotive industry that have concentrated their analysis at the country and regional level.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":54825429,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2747348500","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper opens with a story of the mobility and varied temporalities of a particular landscape and uses this to reflect on a range of issues that revolve around the different kinds of 'grounding' that are appealed to in socio-cultural, political and academic life. It reflects upon the relations between human and natural sciences, the nature of appeals between them, and the important, but often questionable, place within this of particular political positions. It goes on to query the role of 'Nature' as a grounding to place and landscape and stresses the potentially differential effectivities of contrasting temporalities --between, for example, the temporalities of the taskspace and the temporalities of tectonics. Nonetheless, the argument continues, there are indeed provocations from the moving rocks to the nature of scientific discourse and to debates within political philosophy. It concludes with a conceptualisation of both landscape and place as events.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":5625773,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Little is known about the effects of the dietary intake of red palm oil (RPO) on fatty acid composition in the liver of rats. Male Wistar rats randomly divided into four groups were fed with different doses of red palm oil. The control group received no red palm oil; while the experimental groups were fed with 1 ml, 2 ml and 4 ml of red palm oil daily for seven weeks. In the liver of all the groups, palmitic acid (C16:0) followed by stearic acid (C18:0) were predominantly present among the saturated fatty acids. Oleic acid (C18:1c) and linoleic acid (C18:2) were largely present among the unsaturated fatty acids. There was no significant (P<0.05) increase in the levels of palmitic acid (C16:0) in all the groups while oleic acid (C18:1) significantly increased at 4 ml RPO when compared with the control (p<0.05). The total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-cholesterol levels were not significantly different in all the groups (P<0.05) when compared with the control group. Generally, there were no significant effects of RPO on levels of serum cholesterol, and triglycerides as well as accumulation of saturated fatty acids in the liver of the experimental rats. Keywords: Lipid profiles, fatty acid, red palm oil, rats African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11(33), pp. 8275-8279, 24 April, 2012","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":73703227,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2031762323","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5897\/AJB11.4080","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Collectively, viral hepatitis remains a global epidemic causing an estimated 1.4 million deaths per year, of which hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause (1). Despite the availability of new antivirals that are capable of effective cure, the number of HCV infections and re-infections continue to rise worldwide. In addition to progressive liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), HCV is associated with metabolic disorders and co-morbidities including obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, mixed cryoglobulinemia among others (2-4)\u2014all adding to the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. HCV continues to be a challenge to control, due, at least in part, to the lack of a tangible animal model. Chimpanzees are susceptible to HCV and played a major role in understanding the natural history of the disease. But with limitations on the use of chimpanzees in biomedical research and an attenuated disease course, a tangible animal model could provide information on several gaps in HCV knowledge such as viral pathogenesis and persistence, immune correlates of protection, and importantly vaccine development and testing.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":52041401,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2773098681","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21037\/aoi.2017.11.01","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc6095674?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract:Scholars most often interpret the parable of the good Samaritan (Luke 10:25\u201337), one of the best-known passages in the New Testament, in the context of intergroup hostility between Jews and Samaritans. Drawing on recent work on Samaritans in Jewish studies and Samaritan studies, I argue that there is little reason to continue framing the parable in terms of polarized Samaritan ethnic or religious alterity. Ancient texts contemporaneous with Luke-Acts often include Samaritans within Israel without marginalization or classification as absolute non-Jewish \"Others.\" The emphasis on absolute difference emerges, rather, from a scholarly habit of both racialized and polemicized readings of the text. In contrast, I suggest an alternative reading: the Samaritan is better read, along with priests and Levites, as a limit concept to regulate the proper behavior of those included within a programmatic restored \"Israel.\"","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":225096648,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3088537149","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15699\/jbl.1393.2020.6","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Composite materials are widely used in the aerospace and wind energy industries. In most applications these materials undergo mechanical loading coupled with the effects of environmental degradation from moisture and temperature variation. It has been widely reported that absorbed moisture in high humidity environments can significantly reduce the strength of epoxy, while increasing its strain to failure. However this behavior varies significantly depending on the type of the epoxy. Zhou and Lucas [1, 2] show that at a molecular level, water molecules interact with polymer chains in two ways: i) H2O forming one hydrogen bond (H-bond) with a single polymer chains and ii) H2O forming H-bonds with two or more polymer chains. Both interactions change the polymer chain configuration. Based on the type and number of interactions of H2O with polymer chains, either plasticity or stiffness is locally enhanced, which leads to changes in material properties at the macroscopic level. In the current study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy along with 2D correlation analysis is utilized to identify various water-epoxy interactions for two different types of epoxies. Furthermore, microtensile tests and dynamic mechanical analysis is performed on hydrated epoxy samples. These results are compared with their dry counterpart. We identify the possible deformation mechanisms based on water-epoxy interactions and changes in mechanical properties.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":136445618,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2604725792","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Don Siegel was one of Hollywood's most controversial directors. Invasion of the Body Snatchers is one of the very few acknowledged science-fiction classics, and Magnum Force - with its catch-phrase 'Make my day' - has become part of our modern consciousness. Siegel's five-film collaboration with Clint Eastwood created a body of films that are as distinctive as they are different, and enriched the reputation of both of them. This autobiography has all the fun and energy one would expect from Don Siegel. From his first days as an assistant editor in the Warner Brothers cutting rooms, Siegel charts his rich and varied career. This is a wonderful book of reminiscences, told in a lively and vivid style, whose cast of characters includes John Wayne, Lee Marvin, Steve McQueen, Bogart and Bacall, studio head Jack Warner and other luminaries of the golden age of the Hollywood studios (including a fading film star called Ronald Reagan, whose last film, The Killers, was directed by Siegel). At the centre of the book is Siegel's relationship with Clint Eastwood, whose directing career was encouraged by Siegel, and who supplies an amusing and appreciative foreword to the book.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":191290244,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1605028411","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Photosynthesis and respiration cause distinct chemical microenvironments within cyanobacterial aggregates. Here, we used microsensors and a diffusion\u2013reaction model to characterize gradients in carbonate chemistry and investigate how these are affected by ocean acidification in Baltic vs. Pacific aggregates (Nodularia and Dolichospermum vs. Trichodesmium). Microsensor measurements of O2 and pH were performed under in situ and expected future pCO2 levels on Nodularia and Dolichospermum aggregates collected in the Baltic Sea. Under in situ conditions, O2 and pH levels within the aggregates covered ranges of 80\u2013175% air saturation and 7.7\u20139.4 in dark and light, respectively. Carbon uptake in the light was predicted to reduce HCO3\u2212 by 100\u2013150\u2009\u03bcmol\u2009L\u22121 and CO2 by 3\u20136 \u03bcmol\u2009L\u22121 in the aggregate center compared to outside, inducing strong CO2 depletion (down to 0.5 \u03bcmol\u2009L\u22121 CO2 remaining in the center) even when assuming that HCO3\u2212 covered 80\u201390% of carbon uptake. Under ocean acidification conditions, enhanced CO2 availability allowed for significantly lower activity of carbon concentrating mechanisms, including a reduction of the contribution of HCO3\u2212 to carbon uptake by up to a factor of 10. The magnification of proton gradients under elevated pCO2 that was predicted based on a lower buffer capacity was observed in measurements despite a concurrent decrease in photosynthetic activity. In summary, we provide a quantitative image of the inorganic carbon environment in cyanobacterial aggregates under present\u2010day and expected future conditions, considering both the individual and combined effects of the chemical and biological processes that shape these environments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":244757579,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/lno.11986","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1002\/lno.11986","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The type III secretion apparatus (T3SA) is used by numerous Gram-negative pathogens to inject virulence factors into eukaryotic cells. The Shigella flexneri T3SA spans the bacterial envelope and its assembly requires the products of ~20 mxi and spa genes. Despite progress made in understanding how the T3SA is assembled, the role of several predicted soluble components, such as Spa13, remains elusive. Here, we show that the secretion defect of the spa13 mutant is associated with lack of T3SA assembly which is partly due to the instability of the needle component MxiH. In contrast to its Yersinia counterpart, Spa13 is not a secreted protein. We identified a network of interactions between Spa13 and the ATPase Spa47, the C-ring protein Spa33, and the inner-membrane protein Spa40. Moreover, we revealed a Spa13 interaction with the inner-membrane MxiA and showed that overexpression of the large cytoplasmic domain of MxiA in the WT background shuts off secretion. Lastly, we demonstrated that Spa13 interacts with the cleaved form of Spa40 and with the translocator chaperone IpgC, suggesting that Spa13 intervenes during the secretion hierarchy switch process. Collectively, our results support a dual role of Spa13 as a chaperone escort and as an export gate-activator switch.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":12642056,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1989024995","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1099\/mic.0.071712-0","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/mic.microbiologyresearch.org\/deliver\/fulltext\/micro\/160\/1\/130_mic071712.pdf?itemId=\/content\/journal\/micro\/10.1099\/mic.0.071712-0&mimeType=pdf&isFastTrackArticle=","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Chemotherapeutic agents have been associated with sepsis and a variety of opportunistic and nonopportunistic infections. This was attributed to their immunosuppressive effects. Like all other chemotherapeutic agents, the use of gemcitabine has been associated with different infectious processes, yet many conditions that mimic infections have also been linked to its use. Pseudosepsis is a condition that should be added to these previously described conditions, such as gemcitabine-induced pseudocellulitis. We describe a patient who suffered from 2 different gemcitabine-induced adverse events including pseudocellulitis that was not related to prior lymphedema or radiation recall phenomenon and pseudosepsis wherein antibiotics have no role in the treatment, and the discontinuation of the offending agent resulted in the resolution of the patient's symptoms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":5642282,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1983124130","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/MJT.0b013e3182204ffe","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Titania nanotubes (TNTs) have been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of anatase TiO2 powder in NaOH solution at 110\u00b0C for 90 hours and then annealed at the temperature of 400\u00b0C. The morphology and crystalline structure of the nanotubes were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average specific surface area of the particle was probed using gas adsorption-desorption measurements, and average particle size was calculated from the specific surface area. Based on the microscopic observations on the transformation process, it indicated that the formation of nanotubular products remained in their shape after the annealing process. While XRD results confirmed the nanotubes were composed of pure anatase TiO2 nanoparticles.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":97039951,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2095487218","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.194-196.446","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Despite the widespread interest in business models, relatively little is known about how organizations innovate business models. We conceptualize business model innovation as problematizing, i.e. a specific kind of 'discursive practice' that challenges the dominant paradigm under which a given collective operates. Therefore, we transplant the concept of problematizing from the literature on discourse theory to the literature on business models. Moreover, we develop four ideal types of problematizing that matter for the business model innovation process (determined problematizing, exhaustive problematizing, pragmatic problematizing and symbiotic problematizing). Each of these types signifies a distinct probability whether the 'ideated' business model will be 'implemented' into the organization. We argue that the occurrence of these types is influenced by the degree of compatibility between different institutional logics of 'ideating units' and 'implementers' of business models, as well as their power balance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":200045408,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2962836702","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a key reactive oxygen species, is produced at low levels during normal cellular metabolism and at higher concentrations under pathological conditions such as ischemia-reperfusion injury. The mechanisms by which H2O2 contributes to physiological and pathological processes in the brain remain poorly understood. Inhibitory GABA type A (GABAA) receptors critically regulate brain function by generating tonic and synaptic currents; however, it remains unknown whether H2O2 directly modulates GABAA receptor function. Here, we performed patch-clamp recordings, together with pharmacological and genetic approaches, to investigate the effects of H2O2 on GABAA receptor-mediated tonic and synaptic currents recorded in cultured mouse hippocampal neurons and CA1 pyramidal neurons in hippocampal slices. We found that H2O2 caused a dramatic increase in tonic current, whereas synaptic currents were unaffected. This increase in tonic current resulted from an extracellular oxidative reaction, which increased the potency of GABA, but only when GABAA receptors were activated by low concentrations of GABA. Oxygen-glucose deprivation, which produces high endogenous levels of H2O2, similarly increased the tonic current. These results suggest that GABAA receptor-mediated tonic current, which is potentiated by H2O2, might contribute to H2O2-induced brain dysfunction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":11783242,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2041358397","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0335-14.2014","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary \u2014 The two types of magnetic elastomeric composites were prepared by incorporation of ferrite alone as well as ferrite in combinations with carbon black in rubber matrix based on natural rubber. The influence of applied fillers and thermo-oxidative ageing on basic physical and magnetic properties of elastomeric composites was studied. Together with the study of properties, the crosslink density and sulfur crosslink structure of prepared vulcanizates were analyzed. The results of the study showed that ferrite alone as well as in combinations with carbon black affects the evaluated properties in various ways. The presence of magnetic filler leads to an increase value of stress at 300 % elongation (S e300 ) and hardness of composites, the elongation at break by contrast decreases. The values of tensile strength practically do not change in the presence of applied filler. The values of magnetic properties of vulcanizates significantly increase with increasing of ferrite content. In generally one can say that prepared vulcanizates have suitable magnetic and elastic","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":138313240,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2186835367","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This book examines the origins and emergence of technology-based industrial clusters - regional concentrations of related firms and organizations - in order to understand the forces that promoted economic development. Many places attempt to emulate the world's most famous industrial cluster Silicon Valley, with its rich institutional landscape of engaged and leveraged research universities, high-flying local venture capitalists, world class supporting business and legal consultants, and rich collaborative networks. While mature clusters may look similar, what really matters is the process by which clusters come into existence. But there is little understanding of such processes, and little guidance provided on the role of policies in promoting cluster emergence. The book attempts to bridge this gap in the literature by focusing on the early origins of high-technology cluster in Europe, the United States, and China, and the ensuing policy implications. The book is organized around three main themes: Creation Myths Revisited, Considering the Development Cluster Context, and Crafting Cluster and Economic Development Policy. The empirical analyses suggest that clusters that grow rapidly as compared to the less successful ones are distinguished by vigorous entrepreneurial activity and the active building of institutions aided by the forces of agglomeration economies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":154933118,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2068020866","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/ACPROF:OSO\/9780199207183.001.0001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Researchers at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) are investigating different lighting technologies with the objective of improving mine safety. This paper presents the results from an ongoing study that compares discomfort glare for different light-emitting diode (LED) cap lamps using the de Boer glare rating scale. The cap lamps tested included two commercially-available LED cap lamps and one NIOSH prototype LED cap lamp tested at three different illumination levels. Prior research indicated that the NIOSH prototype enabled much better visual performance as compared to other LED cap lamps. It uses three LEDs that produce multiple illumination areas in comparison to commercially-available cap lamps that use one LED and projects a narrow spot pattern. Across subjects and cap lamp test conditions, measured illuminances (averaged at both eyes) varied from 0.62 to 3.73 lx, whereas the de Boer glare ratings varied from 4.86 to 7.71. An analysis of variance based on 15 subjects indicated a significant difference in the discomfort glare due to cap lamps (F4, 52 = 18.01, p <; 0.001). Post hoc tests indicate that one of the commercially available cap lamps exhibited lower discomfort scores, with no statistically significant differences detected between the others. Thus, the NIOSH prototype cap lamp does not cause excessive discomfort glare yet enables better visual performance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":6816170,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2173673915","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/IAS.2010.5615978","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract A formalism has been developed for studying the transmission of neutrons through a spatially stochastic medium. The stochastic components are represented by absorbing plates of randomly varying strength and random position. This type of geometry enables the Feinberg-Galanin-Horning method to be employed and leads to the solution of a coupled set of linear equations for the flux at the plate positions. The matrix of the coefficients contains members that are random and these are solved by simulation. That is, the strength and plate positions are sampled from uniform distributions and the equations solved many times (in this case 105 simulations are carried out). Probability distributions for the plate transmission and reflection factors are constructed from which the mean and variance can be computed. These essentially exact solutions enable closure approximations to be assessed for accuracy. To this end, we have compared the mean and variance obtained from the first order smoothing approximation of Keller with the exact results and have found excellent agreement for the mean values but note deviations of up to 40% for the variance. Nevertheless, for the problems considered here, first order smoothing appears to be of practical value and is very efficient numerically in comparison with simulation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":124763785,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2278581872","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.13182\/NSE00-A2129","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"LP, a saline extract of exudate-derived rabbit granulocytes, shown to be free of endotoxin contamination by sensitive LAL assay, can elicit brisk acute-phase responses in the rabbit. Following a single large intravenous dose of LP (875 mce) there is a brisk fall in serum iron at 8 hr and marked elevations in concentrations of CxRP, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, and ceruloplasmin and a lesser rise in sialic acid in the blood at 24 hr, which return toward baseline to varying degrees by 48 hr. When the crude LP solution is fractionated by column chromatography on Sephadex G75, all detectable acute-phase mediating activity elutes in a fraction (pool C) which contains all the pyrogenic activity and about 15% of the total eluted protein. Within the limitations of the methods employed, the acute phase stimulating activity and the pyrogenic activity of LP preparations appear to be closely linked.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":89182845,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2416596968","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose: The purpose of this article is to examine the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on social and economic mobility occurring in Indonesia. The research illustrates that the effects of the pandemic are strongly felt in mobility in the socio-economic sectors. Design\/Methodology\/Approach: To give answer to the research question whether COVID-19 pandemic has impact on socio-economic mobility in Indonesia, firstly, we review the literature to find out what different scholars have found in recent researches concerning this subject as well as the current issue and the methods and models used in collecting, processing, and analyzing data. The processing of the data of the above-mentioned reports has been done by SPSS software program, specifically using regression. Findings: The possible impacts caused a decrease in socio-economic activities and reduced community income. The results of the correlation analysis showed that there was a strong relationship between a pandemic tested positive for COVID-19 and mortality rates with socio-economic conditions with an average correlation coefficient above 0.80. Practical Implications: This paper will provide a detail analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on socio-economic mobility, with this impact, government policies relating to human life, economic policies to increase state expenditure (government expenditure), and tax incentives must be made. Furthermore, monetary policy that can accelerate the increase in production by reducing the cost of production through the cost of capital and reduce energy prices becomes an essential choice. Originality\/Value: This research paper highlights an empirical analysis based on real data of socio economy mobility in Indonesia.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":225615184,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3042711423","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.35808\/ijeba\/486","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/ijeba.com\/journal\/486\/download\/The+Impacts+of+Covid-19+Pandemic+on+Socio-Economic+Mobility+in+Indonesia.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Human health is a key pillar of modern conceptions of sustainability. Humanity pays a considerable price for its dependence on fossil-fueled energy systems, which must be addressed for sustainable urban development. Public hospitals are focal points for communities and have an opportunity to lead the transition to renewable energy. We have reimagined the healthcare energy ecosystem with sustainable technologies to transform hospitals into networked clean energy hubs. In this concept design, hydrogen is used to couple energy with other on-site medical resource demands, and vanadium flow battery technology is used to engage the public with energy systems. This multi-generation system would reduce harmful emissions while providing reliable services, tackling the linked issues of human and environmental health.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":226577236,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3093237567","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/su12208554","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2071-1050\/12\/20\/8554\/pdf?version=1602834923","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The effects of 10 paramagnetic metal complexes (Fe(III)EDTA(H2O)-, Fe(III)EDTA(OH)2-, Fe(III)PDTA-, Fe(III)DTPA2-, Fe(III)2O(TTHA)2-, Fe(III)(CN)6(3-), Mn(II)EDTA(H2O)2-, Mn(II)PDTA2-, Mn(II)beta-EDDADP2-, and Mn(II)PO4(-)) on F- ion 19F NMR transverse relaxation rates (R2 = 1\/T2) were studied in aqueous solutions as a function of temperature. Consistent with efficient relaxation requiring formation of a metal\/F- bond, only the substitution inert complexes Fe(III)(CN)6(3-) and Fe(III)EDTA(OH)2- had no measured effect on T2 relaxation of the F- 19F resonance. For the remaining eight complexes, kinetic parameters (apparent second-order rate constants and activation enthalpies) for metal\/F- association were determined from the dependence of the observed relaxation enhancements on complex concentration and temperature. Apparent metal\/F- association rate constants for these complexes (k(app,F-)) spanned 5 orders of magnitude. In addition, we measured the rates at which O2*- reacts with Fe(III)PDTA-, Mn(II)EDTA(H2O)2-, Mn(II)PDTA2-, and Mn(II)beta-EDDADP2- by pulse radiolysis. Although no intermediate is observed during the reduction of Fe(III)PDTA- by O2*-, each of the Mn(II) complexes reacts with formation of a transient intermediate presumed to form via ligand exchange. These reactivity patterns are consistent with literature precedents for similar complexes. With these data, both k(app,O2-) and k(app,F-) are available for each of the eight reactive complexes. A plot of log(k(app,O2-)) versus log(k(app,F-)) for these eight showed a linear correlation with a slope approximately 1. This correlation suggests that rapid metal\/O2*- reactions of these complexes occur via an inner-sphere mechanism whereas formation of an intermediate coordination complex limits the overall rate. This hypothesis is also supported by the very low rates at which the substitution inert complexes (Fe(III)(CN)6(3-) and Fe(III)EDTA(OH)2-) are reduced by O2*-. These results suggest that F- 19F NMR relaxation can be used to predict the reactivities of other Fe(III) complexes toward reduction by O2*-, a key step in the biological production of reactive oxygen species.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":19604563,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2107362718","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/ja077193b","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Previous assessments of the early academies of Protestant dissenters in England and Wales (1660-1720) have celebrated their tutors' achievements in defying the Act of Uniformity and the Test Acts, and have argued that they pioneered a modern curriculum. Despite these views, there has been little scholarly investigation into the academies. This thesis evaluates the available sources for the first time, examining the political, philosophical, and theological controversies in which the academies were involved, as well as examining the lives and careers of their tutors and students in greater detail than has hitherto been possible. The introduction explores the reception of the academies from the late seventeenth century until the present day, exposing the paucity of evidence and the abundance of polemic which have characterised previous accounts. Chapter 1 provides a detailed examination of academies operated by nonconformists prior to the Toleration Act, reassessing the contribution of ejected university tutors, surveying attempted prosecutions, and highlighting political controversies. The second chapter extends the narrative to academies run by Protestant dissenters from the Toleration Act (1689) to the repeal of the Schism Act (1719); it contains the first-ever detailed analysis of the minutes of the London-based denominational Fund Boards, and a survey of the careers of former academy students. Chapter 3 re-evaluates the teaching of philosophy in the dissenters' earliest academies, using newly-identified manuscript works by tutors and students to explore the study of logic, natural philosophy, and ethics. Chapter 4 uses a combination of printed and manuscript sources to examine the teaching of religious subjects at the academies, including preaching, religious history, Jewish antiquities, pneumatology, and theology; it concludes with a survey of the contribution of dissenting tutors and students to debates in the 1710s concerning subscription to an agreed form of words on the Trinity. Authors Burden, Mark URI http:\/\/qmro.qmul.ac.uk\/xmlui\/handle\/123456789\/26965 Collections Theses [2731] Licence information The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the author \ue008 ACADEMICAL LEARNING IN THE DISSENTERS'PRIVATE ACADEMIES, 1660-1720","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":211273459,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2773770649","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We reviewed the charts of 2,567 patients from 11 prospective clinical trials of antibiotic therapy for surgical infection to identify reliable predictors of sepsis eradication. Particular attention was paid to temperature, blood cell counts, renal and hepatic function tests, arterial gases, and clotting factors, both at the termination of parenteral antibiotic administration as well as at patient discharge from the hospital. On the discontinuation of antibiotic therapy, sepsis recurred in 19% of the patients who had a normal rectal temperature, in 3% of the patients if the rectal temperature and WBC count were normal, but in no patient when both the temperature and WBC count were normal and the differential blood smear contained less than 73% granulocytes and less than 3% immature forms. Rates for recurrent sepsis, once antibiotic therapy was discontinued for more than 48 hours, were 8%, 2%, and 0%, respectively, for the same criteria at hospital discharge.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":32316120,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1964604962","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-198506000-00022","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sclerosis multiplex (multiple sclerosis, MS) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. The immune regulatory defects lead to the process of inflammation and neurodegenerationthat results in the deterioration of neurological functions. It is still unclear as to why MS is so devastating and rapidly progressive in one patient and less so in another. It is known that the etiopathogenesis of MS is very complex, and many factors can be involved in the risk and character of the disease and its progression. In this chapter, we discuss the general molecular and cellular mechanisms of action of genetic and biochemical factors that are related to immune system regulation and thus can be connected to the individually varying risk and disability progression of MS. We found that gene variants of the gene polymorphism rs6897932 in interleukin 7 receptor \u03b1 chain gene rs10735810 in vitamin D receptor gene and HLA-DR and HLA-DQ genes as well as the serum level of vitamin D are associated with MS risk or disability progres\u2010 sion in Central European Slovak population.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":78330575,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2518398540","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5772\/63468","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/citation-pdf-url\/50808","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Microphytobenthos-macrofauna sediment interactions and their effects on sediment erodability were examined in laboratory experiments. Sediment beds were manipulated in a tidal mesocosm to produce diatom mats in exponential or in stationary phases of development after 6, 8 or 11 d of culture. These sediment beds were used in flume experiments to investigate the influence of bioturbation by the gastropod Hydrobia ulvae on both sediment and pigment resuspension as a function of the physiological state of the microphytobenthic mats. In most experiments, only a surface layer was resuspended. A model was used to analyse in detail the contribution of each variable to this surface-layer erosion. Bioturbation was the major factor controlling resuspension, and its extent was influenced by sediment density and the growth stage of the microphytobenthos. The amount and extent of bioturbation is assumed to be influenced by sediment density and chlorophyll a content. Snail bioturbation can, in turn, influence the amount of microalgal resuspension. The quantity of pigment resuspended due to bioturbation increased by a factor of 15 when the diatom mats were in exponential growth stages. However, as the age of the mat increased, the influence of bioturbation on pigment resuspension declined. When the mats became senescent, Type I erosion occurred with erosion rates high enough to obscure any effects of bioturbation. To summarise, we assume that there are 2 causes of microphytobenthos resuspention, depending on the physiological state of the mat: (1) in the exponential phase, bioturbation substantially affects the resuspension of pigments which are present in the surface layer (the biogenic fluff layer) and (2) in the senescent phase, the increase in bed roughness and water content renders the mat fragile, leading to bed erosion.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":29040871,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2112450668","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3354\/MEPS278205","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"1. Articles 2. Children's ability to use speaker certainty in learning novel words (by Bergstra, Myrthe) 3. Velar variation in French (by Berns, Janine) 4. Modeling metrical stress acquisition through alignment constraint induction (by Breteler, Jeroen) 5. A fraction too much friction: The phonological status of voiced fricatives (by Botma, Bert) 6. Verbal inflection errors in child L1: Syntax or phonology? (by Buijs, Simone) 7. On the acquisition of daar and er (by Dijk, Chantal van) 8. The effect of prescriptivism on comparative markers in spoken Dutch (by Hubers, Ferdy) 9. Sluicing inside relatives: The case of Gungbe (by Liptak, Aniko) 10. Rethinking the distribution of English finite clausal complements: Evidence from complementiser-how clauses (by Nye, Rachel) 11. Tracking reference with null subjects (by Pinto, Manuela) 12. Do speakers of Dutch use their knowledge of German while processing written Danish words? (by Swarte, Femke) 13. Locality and right-dislocation (by Vries, Mark de) 14. Information structural transfer in advanced Dutch EFL writing: A cross-linguistic longitudinal study (by Vuuren, Sanne van) 15. Acquiring markedness constraints: The case of French (by Weijer, Jeroen van de) 16. Effects of immediate repetition at different stages of consecutive interpreting training: An experimental study (by Yu, Wenting)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":143903203,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2008374945","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1075\/avt.30","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1075\/avt.31","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Soft ground with low bearing capacities is found to large areas in the world. In order to increase the bearing capacity of soft ground and to decreases settlement, some methods were developed for improving the mechanical properties of ground. As a stiffener of soil improvement, bamboo chips were used in this study. Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants on Earth and with a large distribution around the world. As a natural material, it is even better for environment and has excellently mechanical characteristic. The bamboo chips were mixed into the test specimen as a stiffener of soil improvement. Unconfined compression test were performed with test specimen, then mechanical characteristics of reinforced soil by cement and bamboo chips were investigated. From the test results, the strength and ductility characteristic of soil improvement are rather better when the bamboo chips are mixed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110055233,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2089548514","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.71-78.1250","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Multivariate time series with missing values are common in areas such as healthcare and finance, and have grown in number and complexity over the years. This raises the question whether deep learning methodologies can outperform classical data imputation methods in this domain. However, naive applications of deep learning fall short in giving reliable confidence estimates and lack interpretability. We propose a new deep sequential latent variable model for dimensionality reduction and data imputation. Our modeling assumption is simple and interpretable: the high dimensional time series has a lower-dimensional representation which evolves smoothly in time according to a Gaussian process. The non-linear dimensionality reduction in the presence of missing data is achieved using a VAE approach with a novel structured variational approximation. We demonstrate that our approach outperforms several classical and deep learning-based data imputation methods on high-dimensional data from the domains of computer vision and healthcare, while additionally improving the smoothness of the imputations and providing interpretable uncertainty estimates.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":209955774,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2980862479","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1907.04155"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Senior consumers are a heterogenic group covering a wide range of ages, physical capabilities, lifestyles and purchasing power. Only little research is published about the ageing consumers' expectations and experiences regarding food packaging. However, defining key packaging factors might provide a valuable tool to improve consumption of suitable food for older people. Therefore, the present study aims to explore possible relationships between packaging preferences and type of product information among senior consumers. In this paper results of a quantitative consumer study are presented. The study was done in the Netherlands using the SenTo (Seniors of the Future) internet panel (age = 55+, n=400). All participants had at least some influence on the grocery shopping in their household. The questionnaire included questions on which information the consumers would be interested in reading on a food packaging and how appealing they experienced certain labels and hallmarks. Seniors did not find all packaging labels included in this study equally appealing. They expressed a special interest in reading product quality related information. In contrast, only limited interest was expressed in the information that a product is designed especially for seniors. Age related issues, such as difficulties with opening packages, seems not recommendable for communicating product information to seniors. Instead, it seems advisable to ensure that packaging design communicates a positive image of older age and personal benefits.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":55449442,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2577894947","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. National Forests and Water Guidelines require the establishment of riparian buffers to help protect the freshwater environment from disturbance by silvicultural operations on the adjacent land. The main functions of the riparian buffer are considered to be sediment removal and erosion control, protection of water quality, moderation of shade and water temperature, maintenance of habitat structural diversity and ecological integrity, and improvement of landscape quality. This review paper assesses how these functions are affected by the design and management of the riparian forest zone, with a focus on the width of the buffer, the structure of the vegetation and species choice. It is not possible to specify a definitive riparian buffer width that will protect the freshwater environment from every potential threat. Forestry agencies usually recommend widths between 10 and 30 m. Buffer widths towards the lower end of this scale tend to protect the physical and chemical characteristics of a stream, while the maintenance of ecological integrity requires widths at the upper end. In terms of structure and species, the benefits are greatest where the riparian buffer replicates native riparian woodland with an open canopy of mixed species of varied age class. The optimum level of shade is difficult to quantify but limited work suggests that a good balance is achieved where around 50% of the stream surface is open to sunlight and the remainder covered by dappled shade. Within the management of riparian woodland there is a need to consider a stream's sensitivity and intrinsic value. Some sites will benefit from active intervention such as thinning, coppicing or pollarding, while others will be favoured by a hands-off approach. Long-term continuity of management is important to ensure that the potential benefits to the freshwater environment are realised. Keywords: riparian woodland, riparian buffer, woodland management, freshwater environment, water quality","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":17114152,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2094713305","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/HESS-8-286-2004","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We report the construction of titania contained opal and inverse opal structures by using colloidal crystals as templates which were self assembled from poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH)\/poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) multilayer film coated polystyrene (PS) particles. By infiltrating a titania precursor titanium (IV) bis (ammonium lactato) dihydroxide (TALH) into the polyelectrolyte (PE) multilayer film followed by calcination at different temperatures, PE\/TiO2 composite opal or inverse opal structures were obtained. The thickness of the titania coating on colloidal crystals or the wall thickness of titania inverse opals could be controlled by varying the coating thickness of the PE film on PS particles during the layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition process. The crystalline phase of titania inverse opals was determined by the heating temperature. However, titania inverse opals with pure rutile phase lost their ordered structures due to the formation of large rigid rutile titania crystals during the phase transfer process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), reflectance spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were employed to characterize the formed structures and titania crystal phases.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":2,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":97464560,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2090681946","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2174\/157341310790945650","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The reliance of 10 Utah (USA) aspen forests on direct infiltration of growing season rain versus an additional subsurface water subsidy was determined from a trait\u2010 and process\u2010based model of stomatal control. The model simulated the relationship between water supply to the root zone versus canopy transpiration and assimilation over a growing season. Canopy flux thresholds were identified that distinguished nonstressed, stressed, and dying stands. We found growing season rain and local soil moisture were insufficient for the survival of 5 of 10 stands. Six stands required a substantial subsidy (31\u201380% of potential seasonal transpiration) to avoid water stress and maximize photosynthetic potential. Subsidy dependence increased with stand hydraulic conductance. Four of the six \"subsidized\" stands were predicted to be stressed during the survey year owing to a subsidy shortfall. Since winter snowpack is closely related to groundwater recharge in the region, we compared winter precipitation with tree\u2010ring chronologies. Consistent with model predictions, chronologies were more sensitive to snowpack in subsidized stands than in nonsubsidized ones. The results imply that aspen stand health in the region is more coupled to winter snowpack than to growing season water supply. Winters are predicted to have less precipitation as snow, indicating a stressful future for the region's aspen forests.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":134590861,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2904871291","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1029\/2018WR023468","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The effects of specific directions on the reading comprehension of sixth-grade students were investigated. Two passages on different topics, each with 20 percent of the sentences relevant to the topic, were materials for two informal tests administered to 92 six-grade students. Half of the students were given specific directions to learn about the relevant topic, and the other half were not. The post-test contained questions on the relevant and incidental materials. A Focus Ability test and the Gates-MacGinitie comprehension subtest followed. Findings showed that (1) the results from the two material sections were in conflict, (2) the ability to identify relevant material in a passage was not related to the ability to learn the relevant material selectively, (3) there was a low positive relationship between the ability to identify relevant material and the standardized measure of reading comprehension, and (4) the informal measure of reading comprehension scores were significantly correlated with the standardized measure of reading comprehension scores. Further research was suggested. Tables, appendixes, and a bibliography are included. (;,61) z o o CG C.) LA. 0 0 Occ O w W> L753r-C)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":141872000,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"285385643","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Clock synchronization is an important component in many distributed applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The deprived method of clock offset and skew estimation causes inaccuracy, synchronization delay, and communication overhead in the protocols. Hence, this paper exploits two techniques of variation truncated mean (VTM) and whale optimization (WO) to enhance the synchronization metrics. Sensor nodes are grouped into several non-overlapped clusters. The cluster head collects the member nodes' local time and computes the synchronization time \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc4d\ud835\udc61 using the truncated mean method. Nodes with a high variation in the timings compared to a preset value are truncated. The head node broadcasts the \ud835\udc46\ud835\udc4d\ud835\udc61 in which the whale optimization is aiming at each node to reduce the synchronization error. The intra and inter-cluster synchronizations are accomplished through the multihop message exchange approach. The theoretical analysis is validated, and the simulation outcomes show that the performance metrics in the proposed work are better than the conventional methods by achieving minimum error value.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":236409521,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3172498575","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5121\/IJCNC.2021.13304","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The two subunits of the circadian RNA-binding protein CHLAMY1 from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are involved in maintaining period (C1 subunit) and phase (C3 subunit) of the circadian clock. C1 coregulates the level of C3. Overexpression of C1 causes a parallel increase in C3. Both subunits can also integrate temperature information, resulting in hyperphosphorylation of C1 and up-regulation of C3 at low temperature. Temperature-dependent up-regulation of C3 is mediated predominantly by an E-box element and only partially by two DREB1A-boxes that are situated within the C3 promoter. The E-box element is also involved in circadian C3 expression. Here, we show that the C3 promoter region drives C3 coregulation by C1. We also found that replacement of the E-box prevents the coregulation of C3 in strains overexpressing C1. In contrast, replacement of any of the two DREB1A-boxes does not influence either the coregulation of C3 by increased levels of C1 or circadian C3 expression. Thus, the E-box has multiple key roles, including temperature-dependent up-regulation of C3, its circadian expression, and its coregulation by C1. Using mobility shift assays and DNA-affinity chromatography along with mass spectrometry, we characterized proteins binding specifically to the E-box region and identified five of them. By immunoblotting, we could further show that C3 that was detected in nuclear extracts can be found in the E-box-binding protein complex. Our data indicate a complex transcriptional mechanism of C3 up-regulation and a positive feedback of C3 on its own promoter region.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":9941235,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2163087249","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1104\/pp.109.149195","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1104\/pp.109.149195","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract The objective of this paper is, in a first part, to give an overview of the main health problems in the world today and of their main causes. Then an attempt is made to compare the financial and human resources available today to solve these problems with the resources which would be needed if we are to achieve the Health Millennium Development Goals by 2015. Given the fact that the available resources are limited, the question is then raised as to the selection of the strategies which would contribute the most to an improvement of the health situation in the world. To conclude on a positive note, a few examples are then given of great achievements in the health field over the past 50 years, but attention is drawn to the tremendous challenges remaining if the health MDGs are to be reached by 2015, particularly in Africa. I. What are the main health problems in the world today? Main points: * The total number of healthy life years lost to morbidity and premature mortality 2 is estimated at 1.49 billion years (3) in 2002. As shown in Table 1, an estimated 41% of this total is due to infectious diseases and perinatal conditions, while non-communicable diseases and injuries explain 47% and 12% of the total respectively. * Among infectious diseases, perinatal conditions and pneumonia (acute lower respiratory infections) account for an estimated 6.5% and 6.1% respectively of the total number of healthy life years lost to diseases. * In principle, the share of infectious diseases in the total burden of diseases may decrease in the coming years, on the condition that the ongoing efforts to control these diseases are actively pursued. * The share of non-communicable diseases (in particular, neuropsychiatric and mental disorders, cardiovascular diseases and cancers) is likely to increase as a result of the demographic and epidemiological transitions. * These averages hide wide disparities between high-income countries on the one hand, and low and middle income countries on the other. For example, the risk of falling sick to infectious diseases is nine times higher in low and middle-income countries than in high-income countries, while the risk of being injured is twice as high. Contrary to popular belief, the risk of falling sick to non-communicable diseases is just as high in low and middle-income countries as in high-income countries. * Just as serious, these averages also hide wide disparities in practically all countries between high and low income quintiles of the population, the poorer quintile running on the average a much higher risk of falling sick or injured than the high income quintile. 2. What are the main causes? Main points: * Proximate causes for the estimated total of 1.49 billion years of healthy life lost to diseases are listed in Table 2. As shown in this table, malnutrition is the most important proximate determinant of the health situation in the world, explaining almost 16% of the total number of lost years. Other main causes include infected water, unsafe sex, alcohol, indoor air pollution and tobacco. * Beyond the proximate causes mentioned above, more fundamental and underlying factors are contributing in an important way to the poor health situation of particular countries. Among these factors are a low level of education, poorly functioning health services, environmental risks, bad governance (including the poor functioning of government institutions, internal and external conflicts, corruption and violations of human rights) and poverty. In many ways, these factors are at the root of the proximate causes mentioned above and can be considered as the ultimate causes of poor health. 3. What are the financial and human resources available to solve these problems? (a) Health expenses per country and out-of-pocket expenses * As shown in Table 3, the poorer the country, the less it spends on health as a proportion of its GDP. \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":72609940,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2091124908","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1758-6631.2006.tb00534.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We propose an end-to-end trainable framework that processes large-scale visual data tensors by looking at a fraction of their entries only. Our method combines a neural network encoder with a tensor train decomposition to learn a low-rank latent encoding, coupled with cross-approximation (CA) to learn the representation through a subset of the original samples. CA is an adaptive sampling algorithm that is native to tensor decompositions and avoids working with the full high-resolution data explicitly. Instead, it actively selects local representative samples that we fetch out-of-core and on demand. The required number of samples grows only logarithmically with the size of the input. Our implicit representation of the tensor in the network enables processing large grids that could not be otherwise tractable in their uncompressed form. The proposed approach is particularly useful for large-scale multidimensional grid data (e.g., 3D tomography), and for tasks that require context over a large receptive field (e.g., predicting the medical condition of entire organs). The code is available at https:\/\/github.com\/aelphy\/c-pic.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":235254776,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV48922.2021.01123","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2105.14250"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Onboard module building cotton harvesters currently offer cotton producers the potential to improve harvest efficiency and reduce harvest costs as a means of supporting cotton as an economically viable option in many farm crop rotation production systems. Using data provided by producers currently using this technology in a few southern cotton states, this study estimates current capital and operating costs of onboard module cotton pickers based on field experience and makes comparisons with the costs of using traditional basket pickers. Total per acre cotton harvest cost for the onboard module system was estimated to be approximately $26 less expensive than harvesting cotton with comparable sized basket pickers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":167597087,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2340749892","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVES\nTo review the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in Hong Kong.\n\n\nDESIGN\nQuestionnaire study and review of previous presentations at the Hong Kong Urological Association meetings.\n\n\nSETTING\nUrology centres in the public sector, Hong Kong.\n\n\nPARTICIPANTS\nThirteen public urology centres replied to the questionnaire survey. Thirty-two papers on benign prostatic hyperplasia presented at past annual scientific meetings of the Hong Kong Urological Association were identified. This would provide an overview of the development of surgical interventions for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia carried out in Hong Kong.\n\n\nRESULTS\nMost known surgical techniques have been practised in Hong Kong. Many 'minimally invasive procedures' have now fallen out of favour. Some newer techniques are now available and have produced favourable results. Nonetheless, transurethral resection of the prostate remains the standard surgical intervention in 12 of 13 centres in Hong Kong.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nTransurethral resection of the prostate remains the technique of choice for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in Hong Kong. New techniques should be comprehensively studied and evaluated before being introduced into regular practice.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":23363479,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2187520372","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Increasing demand for higher bitrates in access networks requires fiber deployment closer to the customer as bitrates in copper based access networks are strictly limited essentially by the length of the copper cables. Besides enabling higher access bitrates optical access network technologies will also enable a change in the structure of the access\/aggregation network segment due to the superior transmission characteristics of optical fibers: Larger service areas and a decreased overall number of access sites are feasible. Concentration of active network equipment in a fewer number of access site is expected to help to reduce the total cost of ownership of the whole network due to concentration effects and OpEx savings. In this paper we present results of a topology related network study investigating feasible network structures in next generation optical access networks. Starting from the structure of copper based access networks in Germany, traditional service areas are clustered to larger entities. We distinguish between different levels of access network concentration leading to various scenarios relying on a different number of required metro access nodes. A exemplary set of reference service areas is identified representing the majority of all service areas within a certain category and typical characteristics of the reference service areas are given. From the results of the topological analysis some requirements with respect to next generation optical access systems are derived.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":167594956,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2098404790","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hood, Hill, and Spilka (2009), among others, present the need for meaning as a central organizing framework for understanding the psychological functions of religion. A plethora of research findings in the psychology of religion have been integrated into this overarching structure, but scholars have not systematically addressed the diverse ways goal theories fit into the need for meaning framework of religion. Thus, the personal strivings approach to understanding spiritual goals, or ultimate concerns, is introduced, and the processes by which spiritual and sanctified strivings provide meaning, significance, and agency are articulated through a description of their motivational, cognitive, and social functions. The literature shows a positive relation between the sanctification of strivings and well-being, which may be mediated by increased meaning.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":144746762,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2056390434","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/10508619.2013.795822","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Substantial concern regarding the ever-worsening crisis of antibiotic resistance has been raised by the World Health Organization, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, European Medicines Agency, Institute of Medicine, World Economic Forum, and the US Presidential Advisory Council on Science and Technology. The question is no longer whether to act, but how. \n \nAntibiotic stewardship is the term used to describe efforts to optimize selection of antibiotic therapy. Formal antibiotic stewardship programs are essential to help society address antimicrobial resistance by reducing the estimated more than 50% of antibiotic use that is unnecessary or inappropriate.1 The US government has recently emphasized the need for implementation of antibiotic stewardship programs at all hospitals.2 To be effective, antibiotic stewardship programs must incorporate best practices, which include dedicating sufficient resources to the program, appointing a single leader to be accountable for performance, having appropriate antibiotic expertise, implementing action plans, monitoring bacterial resistance, reporting antibiotic usage to staff, and providing education","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":205073978,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2285969752","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.1346","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc5611826?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Book reading in the Arab region is believed to be lower than in regions of similar economic status, but this has not been tested using nationally representative data. This study used the sociocultural theory of learning, particularly the concepts of \"more knowledgeable others\" and \"cultural tools,\" to examine influences on Arabs' reported book reliance. The study examined print and e-book reliance among Internet users in six Arab countries: Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, Lebanon, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (Arab respondents n = 3,510; Western and Asian expatriates n = 989). Arab respondents in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, countries with large numbers of expatriates, reported lower book reliance than Asian or Western expatriates, but this was not the case in Qatar. Although numbers of expatriates suitable for similar comparisons were not among data samples collected in Egypt, Lebanon, and Tunisia, Arab respondents in those countries did nonetheless report markedly lower book reliance than non-Arabs elsewhere in the region. Use of news apps and reliance on in-person conversations for news positively predicted reliance, whereas time spent in person with family and friends and frequency of social media posts were negative predictors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":149170830,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2745649914","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Food accessibility and availability in the highly seasonal Arctic landscape can be restricted by snow cover and frozen substrate, particularly in early spring. Therefore, to determine how a long distance migratory herbivore forages in such a landscape, pink-footed geese Anser brachyrhynchus at an early spring feeding area in Svalbard were studied. Birds arrived in mid May when extensive snow cover restricted habitat availability. Geese fed in all habitats, but the highest densities occurred in wet tundra. However, prolonged snow lie restricted access to wet areas compared to dry and mesic habitats. Above ground biomass was very low in all habitats; yet sizeable amounts occurred below ground. In line with this, the majority of birds (86%) grubbed for below ground plant storage organs such as stem bases and rhizomes. Wet habitat contained greater quantities of edible and lower amounts of inedible below ground material (ratio 1:0.3) than dry (ratio 1:9) or mesic (ratio 1:4) areas. Although foraging in wet habitat prevented geese from encountering high proportions of inedible plant parts, forage species characteristic of this habitat, such as Dupontia grasses and the rush Eriophorum scheuchzeri, were more difficult to extract than food plants typical of drier habitats such as the forb Bistorta vivipara. Hence, we suggest that wet areas are preferred by pink-footed geese, but the prolonged snow lie there made it necessary to use less preferred but much more abundant drier habitats, which experienced earlier snowmelt and indeed accommodated more than half of all goose foraging recordings.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":83657071,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1977811236","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1600-048X.2012.05699.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The health of a nation can be measured by its health care system and it strongly depends upon country's health policy and strategical planning. Globally health care industry is undergoing a rapid change and is confronting the challenges of shift in demographics and emergence of chronic diseases which is resulting in higher cost of health care delivery. Countries worldwide are scrutinizing their current operational performance of health system, and struggling to adjust to recent growing demands. The health care system of developing countries are immersed in the complex issues of governance and financing of health care, human resource inequity and lack of access to quality health services, which are significantly impacting on the delivery of health services to the consumers. This paper will highlight on of health care system of Pakistan and Cuba under the spheres of their health care delivery system, organizational structure, authority and power structure, decision making process, future challenges and their resolutions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":41622810,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2397987542","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Recently, multifunctional superhydrophobic surfaces with high adhesion behavior have attracted much attention for microdroplet transportation. Here, we report for the first time a multifunctional, rose-petal-like, superhydrophobic graphene film via the self-assembly of graphene oxide (GO) that has self-sensing and fast recovery properties for microdroplet transportation. This superhydrophobic film does not require a hydrophobic coating and has a micro-nanoscale hierarchical structure. Because of its structure, our biomimetic, superhydrophobic film has high adhesive force to water droplets and can be used as a medium for microdroplet transportation. In addition, because the film was constructed using pure graphene, it has excellent conductivity properties and an immediate response system is also built to detect potential damage. Moreover, owing to the gas sensing properties of graphene, our film has self-sensing properties where the resistance of the film increases gradually when water droplets are close to it. What's more, the film has an ultra-fast Joule heating rate of 18 \u00b0C s\u22121. Based on these properties, the recovery time for the resistance of the film can be reduced by 57.7% for water droplet transportation. Therefore, our multifunctional, superhydrophobic graphene film can be used for smart microdroplet manipulation in the future.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":103600318,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2737768014","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA04696K","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The research of video matting mainly focuses on temporal coherence and has gained significant improvement via neural networks. However, matting usually relies on user-annotated trimaps to estimate alpha values, which is a labor-intensive issue. Although recent studies exploit video object segmentation methods to propagate the given trimaps, they suffer inconsistent results. Here we present a more robust and faster end-to-end video matting model equipped with trimap propagation called FTP-VM (Fast Trimap Propagation - Video Matting). The FTP-VM combines trimap propagation and video matting in one model, where the additional backbone in memory matching is replaced with the proposed lightweight trimap fusion module. The segmentation consistency loss is adopted from automotive segmentation to fit trimap segmentation with the collaboration of RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) to improve the temporal coherence. The experimental results demonstrate that the FTP-VM performs competitively both in composited and real videos only with few given trimaps. The efficiency is eight times higher than the state-of-the-art methods, which confirms its robustness and applicability in real-time scenarios. The code is available at https:\/\/github.com\/csvt32745\/FTP-VM.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":261081548,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR52729.2023.01378","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Penetration of Distributed Generation DTU Orbit (19\/12\/2018)  Control Architecture for Intentional Island Operation in Distribution Network with High Penetration of Distributed Generation Currently, a high penetration level of Distributed Generations (DGs), such as Wind Turbines (WTs) and Combined Heat and Power plants (CHPs), has been observed in the Danish distribution systems, and even more DGs are foreseen to be present in the coming years. With adequate DGs available, how to utilize them for maintaining the security of the power supply under the emergency situations, has been of great interest for study. One proposal is the intentional island operation. This PhD project is intended to develop a control architecture for the island operation in distribution system with high amount of DGs. As part of the NextGen project, this project focuses on the system modeling and simulation regarding the control architecture and recommends the development of a communication and information exchange system based on IEC 61850. This thesis starts with the background of this PhD project, followed by an overview of three existing activities that are related to island operation. Afterwards, the experience of the planned island operation both in Bornholm, Denmark and Canada is discussed. Thereafter, an Islanding Security Region (ISR) concept is established based on which the Islanding Control Architecture with its associated coordination scheme (ICA) is designed. Moreover, an investigation of different factors that affect the ISR concept is performed, and different case studies about the ICA demonstration are conducted in DIgSILENT\/ PowerFactory. Both the 2-Dimension ISR (with one lumped generator and one lumped load) and the 3-Dimension ISR (with one enerator, one WT, and one lumped load) are plotted. The influence of the Demand as Frequency controlled Reserve (DFR) on the ISR is investigated. A specific coordination scheme between WT and load is designed and implemented. Furthermore, the feasibility of the application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to ICA is studied, in order to improve the computation efficiency for ISR calculation. Finally, the integration of ICA into Dynamic Security Assessment (DSA), the ICA implementation, and the development of ICA are discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":196091678,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2732748570","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) refers to a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of acarbose as an antihyperglycemic agent (drug) on late complications of MetS. Methods: This double-blind randomized clinical trial was done on patients with MetS admitted to Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center. They were assigned randomly to two groups: A who received acarbose (n = 32) and group B who received a placebo (n = 42) for 6 months. Cardiovascular indexes including flow-mediated dilation (FMD), intima-media thickness (IMT), epicardial fat thickness (EFT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at baseline and 6 months after the treatment and compared between the two groups. Results: Post-intervention mean of weight (mean difference: \u22122.5 \u00b1 0.89) and abdominal obesity (mean difference: \u22122.2 \u00b1 0.64) in acarbose group were significantly decreased (P value < 0.001). High-density lipoprotein (HDL) level in acarbose group was significantly higher than control group (44.7 \u00b1 7.6 vs 41.1 \u00b1 6.4; P value = 0.043), while the other metabolic parameters were not significantly different between the two groups (P value > 0.05). In both groups, CRP and EFT decreased significantly after the intervention, and the levels of CRP, EFT, and IMT markers in the acarbose group were significantly lower than control group (P value < 0.05). Conclusions: The administration of acarbose in patients with MetS can decrease weight and abdominal obesity as well as the reduction of inflammatory and cardiovascular markers, including CRP, EFT, and IMT and also increases HDL.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":224803843,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3083192597","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_229_19","PubMedCentral":"7554431","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary An Ac\/Ds-based two-element transposon tagging system has been introduced into carrot. F1 progeny containing both the 35S-Ac-transposase gene (35S:TPase) and the Ds element were derived from crosses between 35S:TPase- and Dsbearing parents. While excision of Ds was not detected in any F1 plants carrying both 35S:TPase and the Ds element, calli initiated from these F1 plants had the Ds element excised, indicating Ds transposition. Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis revealed that the 35S:TPase gene was expressed in both F1 plants and calli, and that introns 1, 2, and 3 were spliced correctly. Although intron 4 was also spliced correctly in calli, incorrectly spliced intron 4 was detected in F1 plants. Sequence analysis of incorrectly spliced reverse transcriptase-PCR products demonstrated the presence of a cryptic intron donor site within intron 4 of the 35S:TPase transcript. This probably competed with the proposed intron donor site during maturation of the major 35S:TPase transcript. These results suggested that the major transcript of 35S:TPase was incorrectly processed and, consequently, that the Ds element was reversibly inactivated in the somatic tissues of carrot plants, whereas this inactive Ds element was remobilised during tissue culture, where the 35S:TPase transcript was spliced correctly. These observations point to an important role for tissue-specific 35S:TPase transcript processing for successful transposition of Ds in carrot. Therefore, successful processing of the 35S:TPase transcript in carrot callus may indicate strategies to increase Ac transposition in other tissues.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":87994752,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2320017112","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/14620316.2006.11512144","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Aerial videography and modeling were used to evaluate the impacts of four hydropower operational scenarios at Flaming Gorge Dam, Utah, on trout and native fishes in the Green River, Utah and Colorado. The four operational scenarios studied were year-round high fluctuations, seasonally adjusted high fluctuations, seasonally adjusted moderate fluctuations, and seasonally adjusted steady flows. Impacts on trout were evaluated by examining differences among scenarios in the areas of inundated substrates that serve as spawning and feeding habitat. All scenarios would provide at least 23 acres per mile of habitat for spawning and food production; seasonally adjusted operations would provide additional areas during periods of sustained high release. Seasonally adjusted high fluctuations would increase inundated areas by 12 to 26% for a short period in winter and spring, but food production and reproduction would not be expected to increase. Seasonally adjusted moderate fluctuations and steady flows would produce similar increases in area, but the longer period of inundation could also result in increased food production and provide additional spawning sites for trout. Impacts on native fishes were assessed by examining daily changes in backwater nursery areas. Compared with year-round high fluctuations, the daily changes in backwater area would decrease by about 47, 89, and 100% under the seasonally adjusted high fluctuation, moderate fluctuation, and steady flow scenarios, respectively. Similarly, daily stage fluctuations during the nursery period would decrease by 72, 89, and 100% under the seasonally adjusted high fluctuation, moderate fluctuation, and steady flow scenarios, respectively. These reductions in daily fluctuations in backwater area and stage would improve conditions in nursery habitats and could in turn improve recruitment and overwinter survival. Introduced fish species could also benefit from the seasonally adjusted operational scenarios.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":128440498,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1577718177","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2172\/176761","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/digital.library.unt.edu\/ark:\/67531\/metadc672405\/m2\/1\/high_res_d\/176761.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purposes of this paper are to bring land factor into the general fame of national product and develop a new modified 'IS-LM equilibrium model', aiming to find out the impacts of land factor on the effective allocation of capital between total supply and total demand constituting gross national product, to analyze the relation mechanism among land factor and macroeconomic variables, and to discuss the theoretical mechanism under which land, fiscal and monetary policy are integrated. Methods employed include econometrics and model analysis. The results indicate that: (i) on the conditions that the equilibrium of supply and demand in land market, the modified IS-LM model taking into account land factor successfully performs transmission mechanism of land policy participation in macroeconomic-control by means of money capital regulation; (ii) the direction and intensity of land policy control are effected by elasticity of land supply and land price, meanwhile different characteristics of land supply elasticity exit in different stages of economic development; (iii) the realization of IS-LM equilibrium requires the aggregate effects of fiscal, monetary and land policy. It is concluded that land policies for macroeconomic-control drives land price higher, and land supply regulation would diminish financial effect. During the economic expansion or recovery period, the effect of expansionary land policy would be counteracted by high land price. During the economic transition or recession period, the government could control economical operation better through tightening land policy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":155424036,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2211747143","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In late December 2019, a new kind of Coronavirus called severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was officially identified in Wuhan, China. In March 2020, SARS-CoV-2 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO), and it has infected millions of people worldwide. SARS-CoV-2 is a highly contagious Coronavirus, which has led to an outbreak of acute respiratory tract infection called \"Coronavirus disease 2019\" (COVID-19), resulting in mild to severe respiratory infections in humans. The design of appropriate therapeutic approaches is dependent on the understanding of molecular and cellular pathways of Coronavirus infections. In this study, we summarized the characteristic features of SARS-CoV-2. In addition, we considered the recent information regarding COVID-19 molecular immune pathogenesis, diagnosis, and potential treatment, which may provide novel perspectives and therapeutic goals in combating SARS-CoV-2.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":234596248,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1089\/dna.2021.0068","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The third session of the Ad HocGroup on the Berlin Mandate (AGBM 3) was held in Geneva from 5-8 March 1996. Delegates heard a number of new, specific proposals on new commitments for Annex I Parties, including a two-phase CO 2 emissions reduction target proposed by Germany. They also discussed how Annex I countries might distribute or share new commitments, and whether those should take the form of an amendment or protocol. Developing countries raised questions on whether policies and measures under discussion would represent barriers to trade. Delegates agreed to compile proposals for new commitments for consideration at the next session of the AGBM, and to hold informal roundtable discussions on policies and measures as well as on quantitative emissions limitation and reduction objectives.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":203631925,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nTo investigate whether baseline concentrations of one-carbon metabolism biomarkers are associated with treatment nonresponse and adverse events in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients receiving methotrexate (MTX).\n\n\nMETHODS\nA prospective derivation cohort (n = 285) and validation cohort (n = 102) of RA patients receiving MTX were studied. Concentrations of plasma homocysteine, serum vitamin B12 , serum folate, erythrocyte vitamin B6 , and erythrocyte folate were determined at baseline and after 3 months of treatment. Nonresponse after 3 months was assessed using the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response criteria. Adverse events at 3 months were assessed using biochemical parameters and health status questionnaires. Analyses were corrected for baseline DAS28, age, sex, MTX dose, comedications, and presence of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677TT genotype.\n\n\nRESULTS\nIn the derivation cohort, the mean DAS28 scores at baseline and 3 months were 4.94 and 3.12, respectively, and 78% of patients experienced adverse events. This was similar between the 2 cohorts, despite a lower MTX dose in the validation cohort. Patients with lower levels of erythrocyte folate at baseline had a higher DAS28 at 3 months in both the derivation cohort (\u03b2 = -0.15, P = 0.037) and the validation cohort (\u03b2 = -0.20, P = 0.048). In line with these results, lower baseline erythrocyte folate levels were linearly associated with a 3-month DAS28 of >3.2 in both cohorts (derivation cohort, P = 0.049; validation cohort, P = 0.021) and with nonresponse according to the EULAR criteria (derivation cohort, P = 0.066; validation cohort, P = 0.027). None of the other biomarkers (levels at baseline or changes over 3 months) were associated with the DAS28 or treatment nonresponse. Baseline levels of the biomarkers and changes in levels after 3 months were not associated with incidence of adverse events.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nA low baseline concentration of erythrocyte folate is associated with high disease activity and nonresponse at 3 months after the start of MTX treatment and could be used in prediction models for MTX outcome. None of the investigated one-carbon metabolism biomarkers were associated with incidence of adverse events at 3 months.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":27056618,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1623985254","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/art.38113","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.38113","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives Cultural behaviors are theoretically linked to future life chances but empirical literature is scant. We use heavy metal as an example of cultural identities due to its high salience. We first assess the social morphology of metal preferences in terms of socio-economic and socio-structural positions, and then asses the short term outcomes of being a heavy metal fan on education and health behaviors. Methods The analysis was based on a representative random stratified sample of 23-year-olds of native Swedish, Iranian, and Yugoslavian background in contemporary Sweden (n = 2,232). Linear probability models with multiple imputation were used to calculate preferences for metal music and the association of metal preferences with subsequent outcomes. Results In contrast to many prior studies, we find that the preference for heavy metal is not structured by social background or neighborhood context in Swedish adolescents. Poor school grades tend to make them more prone to like metal, but net of previous grades, social background, personality, personal network, and neighborhood characteristics, metal fans have substantially lower transition rates into higher education. Discussion The study suggest that metal preferences appears rather unsystematically with few important predictors, and is linked to lower education attainments in the short run. While these findings are specific to heavy metal as a certain type of culture and to Swedish adolescents, we suggest that they are indicative of how cultural consumption may play a role for life-chances.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":84183679,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2924718380","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213716","PubMedCentral":"6424403","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0213716","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background Cases involving police who drive drunk are part of the larger problem of driving under the influence (DUI). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention report that alcohol-impaired traffic accidents kill over 10,000 people annually, accounting for nearly one-third of all traffic-related deaths in the United States (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). But, cases that involve police who drive drunk (or, Police DUIs) should also be recognized as a phenomenon that presents unique problems. Police DUI's have the potential to weaken public trust and the legitimacy of strategies designed to mitigate drunk driving, because the drunk driver in these cases is among those expected to enforce DUI laws and protect society from drivers who are intoxicated. We know that police do sometimes drive drunk through scandals or journalistic investigations of particular (usually horrific) cases; but, there are neither systematic studies focused on police DUI nor data that describe the phenomenon on a national scale.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":141781914,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"334570220","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In nuclear scenario studies, the use of simplified assembly models to simulate fuel irradiation in nuclear reactor core can lead to important biases. To calculate the spent fuel composition, the CLASS package (Core Library for Advanced Scenario Simulations) uses a physic model (usually, we define physics model as: 1- Fuel Loading Model, 2- Cross Section Predictor, 3- Bateman Solver), based on a large number of different fuel evolution simulations. For that, a simple and reproducible model has been chosen: the \"assembly model\" that is described in this paper. In this model, the whole core is represented by a single assembly, or a part of it, with reflecting boundary conditions. \nAs a first step to quantify the errors related to this approximation, three real size assembly configurations have been simulated: a reflected one, an axial open one and a realistic one (with moderator and reflector at its top and bottom). An exhaustive comparison is presented in this paper. Hence this work focuses on the neutron axial leakage impact on burn-up and isotope inventories calculations. \nEvolutions up to 50 GWd\/t have been simulated with the depletion code MURE for all the geometries and main isotope inventories, fission and capture cross sections and Keff have been reported for each time step. Axial leakage effects on neutron spectrum and inventory distributions have been observed. In this paper, a bias quantification of axial leakage and a comparison with homogeneous leakage models, available in the Serpent code, are analyzed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":113816036,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2489204540","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Explosion study in an iron powder reduction furnace was performed. Pressurized gaseous hydrogen was used as reductive atmosphere to convert iron powder in the interior of the furnace. Hydrogen was fed to the pre-chamber of the iron powder reduction furnace. The furnace was located inside a brick building. Explosion potential causes were determined by the fault tree technique. The impact effects to people, environment and materials were also analyzed by using Chem-Plus software. The consequences and vulnerability analyzes were performed considering a confined explosion inside the furnace pre-chamber, resulting from formation of a hydrogen cloud within the H2 explosion limits. The vent area criteria recommended by NFPA 68 to confined spaces were employed to the reduction furnace and to the vulnerability calculations; probit equations of the Eisenberg model were used. As results, safety measures to enhance safety on the reduction of iron powder operation inside the furnace installation were recommended.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137032787,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1986297405","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.498-499.28","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper shows statistical analyses of the search-space landscape of travelling salesman problems in due consideration of stochastic optimization. It is known from existing works that travelling salesman problems have landscape called \"a rugged landscape\" and \"big valley structure\". This work reveals more detailed structure of the landscape. We deal with the 1000 travelling salesman problems of 6 to 9 cities where the cities are arranged randomly and a travelling salesman problem of 100 cities. It is assumed that the rugged landscape is a combination of the global valleylike structure and the local noiselike structure. Each of them is characterized by the statistical properties of the search-space landscape, that is, the global valleylike structure has linearity with the distance (in this case, the bond distance) from the optimum, and the variance of the local noiselike structure increase monotonously with the distance from the optimum. On the other side correlation of the tours with the costs close upon the optimum cost is low. For this reason to combine the genetic search with the local search is supported. Even if the number of cities and the definition of the intercity cost value are changed, the structure of the landscape has the same feature. Although the number of the cities of the examined travelling salesman problems is not large, obtained results seem to be universal. It is forecasted that not only travelling salesman problems but also many practical problems have the structure which is characterized with the same measure. These results are useful to compose more effective optimization methods without trial and error.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":67739773,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2609836825","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1527\/TJSAI.16.309","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Pulmonary endothelial dysfunction is the hallmark of acute lung injury. Impaired pulmonary endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production in this event has been described. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential cofactor for NO synthase and modulator of its activity. At high local concentrations, BH4 provokes local vasodilation in vivo in healthy individuals. At lower concentrations, BH4 selectively and locally restores disturbed NO-dependent vasodilation in patients with endothelial dysfunction. In this preliminary study, we therefore investigated the feasibility of BH4 inhalation in five healthy human volunteers. Inhalation of buffered, aqueous BH4-dihydrochloride solution was well tolerated; despite the buffer, BH4 stability was completely preserved. Resorption of inhaled BH4 was demonstrated by significantly increased BH4 levels in plasma and urine. Inhaled BH4 did not alter pulmonary function and had no effect on systemic hemodynamic values. Our data demonstrate that inhalation is a novel method for local BH4 administration, offering a basic therapeutic tool for investigation of restoration of impaired NO-dependent vasodilation due to pulmonary endothelial dysfunction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":25129489,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1980918574","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1164\/AJRCCM.156.6.96-12084","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Co-speech gestures enhance interaction experiences between humans as well as between humans and robots. Most existing robots use rule-based speech-gesture association, but this requires human labor and prior knowledge of experts to be implemented. We present a learning-based co-speech gesture generation that is learned from 52 h of TED talks. The proposed end-to-end neural network model consists of an encoder for speech text understanding and a decoder to generate a sequence of gestures. The model successfully produces various gestures including iconic, metaphoric, deictic, and beat gestures. In a subjective evaluation, participants reported that the gestures were human-like and matched the speech content. We also demonstrate a co-speech gesture with a NAO robot working in real time.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":53116592,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2898806129","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICRA.2019.8793720","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1810.12541"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have shown great promise as the emerging technology for data gathering from unattended or hostile environment. The advancement in micro-electro-mechanical sensor technology, wireless communication technology and the recent scavenging energy have gradually expanding the acceptance of WSN related applications. The design of sensors that are small, low cost, low power and combined with its unattended nature has made it more viable and indirectly promotes its popularity for future solutions in various real-life challenges. One of the most challenging yet important security issues in Wireless Sensor Network is in establishing trusted and secured communication between sensor node and base station. While the term trusted has been widely used referring to valid nodes in the group, this thesis refer the term trusted based on Trusted Computing Group (TCG) specifications. With limitations in the present solutions such as late discovery of invalid nodes such in Trust Management System and high energy consumption with external security chip due to the used of Trusted Platform Module chip; a Framework of a Trusted Wireless Sensor Node is presented. The framework incorporates ideas from TCG and Identity-based cryptosystem by Boneh Franklin to ensure trusted and secured communications between sender and receiver which might be between sensor node and base station or between sensor nodes in the network. The research aim to come out with a credential based trusted sensor network to verify the authenticity of sensor nodes in the network. Finally the proposed trusted framework is evaluated for the potential application in resource constraint devices by quantifying their power consumption on selected major processes. The result proved the proposed scheme can establish trust in WSN with less computation and communication and most importantly eliminating the need for neighbouring evaluation such in Trust Management System or relying on external security chip. Finally, proposed works benefit in eliminating clone or duplicated nodes in the WSN thus reduced the number of false and unwanted messages in the Wireless Sensor Network.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":69316542,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2895336616","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The chemical composition of surface and underneath layers of WO\/sub 3\/ thin films, deposited by thermal evaporation and annealed in air at different temperatures, has been studied by means of soft X-ray and X-ray photoemission spectroscopies. Both the W 4f and valence band spectra have been analyzed. The analysis has been performed on samples as inserted and after an annealing process in an ultra high vacuum. The results have shown that the surface always presents a nonstoichiometric WO\/sub 3\/ compound, whose spectral components do not depend on the sample preparation. Instead, the study of the underneath layers has shown that the WO\/sub 3\/ films annealed in air at 500\/spl deg\/C are highly stoichiometric and stable, while the samples heated in air at 300\/spl deg\/C are much more sensitive to the vacuum thermal treatment showing the presence of reduced WO\/sub x\/ phases, whose intensity and chemical states change after the in vacuum annealing procedure.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":98731888,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2155974932","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2003.812629","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Through literary analysis, comparative and memory studies, the article focuses on the works of Lithuanian fiction on the theme of the Great War (1914\u20131918), which became a prerequisite for the establishment of the Lithuanian nation\u00adstate. The aim of the article was to show different attitudes towards the war, convey the develop\u00ad ment of collective consciousness, and present a summary assessment of the war as a spiritual shock and a global event of memory. The works selected for analysis be\u00ad long to the contemporaries of the Great War: the classics of Lithuanian literature who stand out for their artistic maturity in the context of their war\u00adthemed works. In the first months of the war, Vai\u017egantas, one of the leaders of the national revival, published the allegorical story 'Karo slibinas' (The Dragon of War) in a periodical. The story conveys the horror and the scale of the war that had engulfed humani\u00ad ty. The war dragon is a mythical animal that resurrects time after time and begins hunting people down without any measure or mercy. People are hypnotised by its power; they voluntarily send their children, brothers, and husbands to the jaws of the dragon. \nSoon after, Antanas Vienuolis's short stories 'Didysis karas' (The Great War), 'Mirtinai su\u017eeistas' (Mortally Wounded), and 'Kar\u017eygis' (A Hero) also appeared in a periodical. In 'The Great War', the war appears vile and not 'great' at all, destroying peasants' usual environment and cynically killing those who failed to realise where they were running or why they were at war. In the second short story, the central character suffers a psychological shock because he cannot reconcile his romantic im\u00ad agination of high German culture with the brutal behaviour of the Germans he has to experience when he is suspected of espionage. Disturbed consciousness disrupts the life of the gifted young man. The way the writer conveys the tragedy of the 'little' man resonates with the image created in the literature of the Great War. \nA different panoramic and epic picture of the world opens in Maironis's poem M\u016bs\u0173 vargai (Our Troubles) completed in 1919. The national poet of Lithuania cre\u00ad ates a verse novel about the war in which he highlights its most important events and identifies those that are directly related to Lithuania. In Maironis's poem, all the suffering, calamities, deaths, expulsion of the peasants to the depths of Russia, and the misery of the prisoners in war camps acquire the meaning of noble suffer\u00ad ing that leads to the final salvation: in the final scene, the main characters celebrate their wedding, and Lithuania becomes an independent state. Thus, the war that was 'not ours' turns into 'our war' in Maironis's work. The independence of Lithuania was Maironis's lifelong dream which he believed in and which he conveyed in his entire work. This poem and especially its final scene in the Vatican, where the Pope blesses the marriage of the main protagonists as well as the young state of Lithuania is a symbolical expression of the spiritual triumph of the poet. \nStill another type of a relationship with war opens up in Vyd\u016bnas's drama Pasaulio gaisras (The World on Fire). This is an analysis of the phenomenon of war on micro and macro levels and a reflection on it in a dramatic form: here, the life\u00adaffirming procreative female civilization conflicts with the life\u00addenying, male, killing civiliza\u00ad tion. In this work, Vyd\u016bnas's main idea and his concept of the human in history are most clearly articulated. \nThe cruel and alien war in the works of Vai\u017egantas and Vienuolis undergoes a change in Maironis's drama, where it is somewhat 'domesticated', transformed into 'our' war, endured yet meaningful. In Vyd\u016bnas's drama, war is a litmus test revealing human\u00ad ity's greatest moral flaws but also expressing the noblest feelings at the same time. Until now, Lithuanian literature of the Great War has not been approached as a single phenomenon of memory: this study fills this gap at least partially. Observing Russia's war against Ukraine, it must be noted that war and literature have been insepara\u00ad ble since the time of Homer, and the nations bordering on Russia in the west have to constantly defend their independence with arms. It seems that humanity is still dealing with the problems of war and peace that were the same a hundred years ago. Much has been achieved in terms of security and stability but not everything: the ideal coexistence of nations on the planet remains a collective desire and ideal.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":258270044,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.6001\/lituanistica.2023.69.1.3","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6001\/lituanistica.2023.69.1.3","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the evolving literary sub-genre of sports writing, Pierce Egan (c. 1772-1849) infused his prizefight commentaries with a theatricality that extended their appeal beyond the confines of a diverse sporting set ('the Fancy'). This paper examines prominent factors that rendered Egan's approach distinctive, and how it functioned as a means of invigorating the sporting narrative. A major feature is Egan's blend of inventive imagery and linguistic exuberance, which constituted an integral part of his animated pugilistic writing, primarily in the Boxiana series (1812-29), and this could be identified as the 'Boxiana style'. Questions arise concerning the possibly limited accessibility of the 'flash' argot to more refined readers, and whether Egan's classical and chivalric allusions are undercut by their collocation with pantomimic touches. Similarly, did the more cultivated references risk alienating those whose appreciation was limited to a mixture of the slang, slapstick, and gambling elements? My paper discusses how Egan's Boxiana style transcended differing attitudes prevalent within a socially diverse readership that mirrored the fusion of Regency types attending pugilistic contests. Egan's commentaries accentuated the spectacle of a sporting event, and promoted a visualisation process that eroded social barriers as a stage production might appeal to a heterogeneous theatre audience. The performance aspect, that played such a pivotal role in Egan's pugilistic reporting, is a dominant theme in this discussion.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":144511255,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2052119881","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7202\/016133AR","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ferromagnetism in certain alloys consisting of magnetic and nonmagnetic species can be activated by the presence of chemical disorder. This phenomenon is linked to an increase in the number of nearest-neighbor magnetic atoms and local variations in the electronic band structure due to the existence of disorder sites. An approach to induce disorder is through exposure of the chemically ordered alloy to energetic ions; collision cascades formed by the ions knock atoms from their ordered sites and the concomitant vacancies are filled randomly via thermal diffusion of atoms at room temperature. The ordered structure thereby undergoes a transition into a metastable solid solution. Here we demonstrate the patterning of highly resolved magnetic structures by taking advantage of the large increase in the saturation magnetization of Fe60Al40 alloy triggered by subtle atomic displacements. The sigmoidal characteristic and sensitive dependence of the induced magnetization on the atomic displacements manifests a sub-50 nm patterning resolution. Patterning of magnetic regions in the form of stripes separated by \u223c 40 nm wide spacers was performed, wherein the magnet\/spacer\/magnet structure exhibits reprogrammable parallel (\u2191\/spacer\/\u2191) and antiparallel (\u2191\/spacer\/\u2193) magnetization configurations in zero field. Materials in which the magnetic behavior can be tuned via ion-induced phase transitions may allow the fabrication of novel spin-transport and memory devices using existing lateral patterning tools.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":26084095,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2329364864","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/nl404521c","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Bird distribution models for Michigan were created as part of the Michigan Gap Analysis Program. Data layers used for modeling included 2001 IFMAP\/GAP statewide land cover, the National Wetlands Inventory map of Michigan, Michigan hydrology, and the 1978 Michigan Resources Information System land cover. Habitat models for most taxa were subject to expert review. Bird distributions were restricted to the currect known range (see range map metadata for further information).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":86663632,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2106641708","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Demands for advice on fisheries and environmental management often outstrip scientists' capacity to supply it. The imbalance would be smaller if some of the advice could be based on principles rather than tailored case-by-case analyses, where I define principles as \"evidence-based rules that underpin scientific advice on management options and reduce uncertainty about decisions and outcomes with fewer resources than tailored case-by-case analyses\". I consider the role, development, existing and potential uses, strengths and weaknesses of principles in underpinning advice, and how principles might complement methodological innovations and risk assessment. The extent to which principles might replace case-by-case analyses is expected to depend on structures and processes in the management system, particularly the treatment of uncertainty and risk. If advice based on principles is seen as less salient, credible, and legitimate than advice developed from case-by-case analyses then this could lead to political push-back or non-compliance with management measures, transferring costs from the advisory process to other parts of the management system. In general, I propose that principles provide the greatest benefits in a management system when they address complex advisory issues that lead to advice on management measures with relatively small social and economic consequences or when they simplify parts of an advisory process leading to management measures with a range of consequences. Notwithstanding limits on their application, further development and uptake of principles could reduce demands for case-by-case advice on fisheries and environmental management. A formalized challenge, testing, and updating process for principles, supported by an audit trail, would encourage and increase their use. The development of principles would provide a new focus for the targeting, review, and uptake of research. Spatial planning initiatives, the emergence of marine protected area networks, and other changes in management measures can be treated as experiments to inform development and testing of principles.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":86036476,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2169640308","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/ICESJMS\/FST044","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In a market with frictions, bid and ask prices are described by sublinear pricing functionals, which can be defined recursively using coherent risk measures. We prove the convergence of bid and ask prices for various European and American possible path-dependent options, in particular plain vanilla, Asian, lookback and barrier options in a binomial model with transaction costs. We perform several numerical experiments to confirm the theoretical findings. We apply the results to real market data of American options and compute an implied liquidity to describe the bid\u2013ask spread. This method describes liquidity over time very well, compared to the classical approach of describing bid and ask prices by quoting bid and ask implied volatilities.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":159393061,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2935075449","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/1351847X.2019.1599407","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Quantitative equity management is concerned with rigorous, disciplined approaches to help investors structure optimal portfolios to achieve the outcomes they seek. At the root of disciplined, modern investment processes are two things: risk and return. The notion of total return is obvious\u2014price appreciation plus any dividend payments. Risk may not be so straightforward. In most quantitative approaches, risk is viewed as more akin to a roulette wheel; that is, the possible outcomes are well specified and the likelihood of each outcome is known, but in advance, an investor does not know which outcome will be realized. \nIn this piece, we curate the history of quantitative equity investing, which traces its origins to the development of portfolio theory and the capital asset pricing model (CAPM). In equities, some of the first quantitative approaches were aimed at confirming the theoretical predictions of the CAPM. In particular, the expected return of a risky asset depends only on the risk of that asset as measured by its beta, a covariance measure of risk. In this paradigm, all investors hold the same risky portfolio, the market portfolio of risky assets that maximizes the Sharpe ratio. At the same time, stock prices are viewed to be informationally efficient and reflecting all available information. \nBy the early 1980s, this simple view of the world was punctured by the discovery of stock market anomalies. Researchers discovered that variables other than beta could explain the cross section of expected returns. In particular, size and value were found to contain useful explanatory power. By the 1990s, the anomalies morphed into the mainstream as the anomalies were re-labeled as factors, and the benchmark model, at least in academic research, was a three-factor model with beta, size, and value. Concurrent with the three-factor model, other credible factors muscled their way into the credible empirical asset pricing world, including momentum, liquidity, quality, and volatility. Indeed, in 2011, the president of the American Finance Association described the proliferation of factors as a \"zoo of new factors.\" Recent work suggests using a much higher standard to accept new factors. \nWith diminishing acceptance of the view that capitalization-weighted indexes are optimal for all investors, factor investing has taken off in practice. Sometime these \"smart factors\" are called smart beta. Morningstar reported that factor investing is the fastest-growing segment of the investment management marketplace. Investors have recognized that low-cost exposure to other factors might give them superior risk\/return trade-offs. \nOf course, active investors are still looking for ways to improve performance over more-passive smart beta indexes. In this race, big data approaches offer the potential to grab an insight before it becomes widely known. Another promising avenue is the ability to dynamically adjust allocations to different factors based on the macroeconomic environment and investment conditions. Active managers are also exploring better ways to construct portfolios. \nIn short, quantitative equity management is alive and well and intellectually active as investors seek to better manage risk and return. Commercially, factor investing has taken off in the form of smart beta. Products and strategies, vetted by decades of prior and current research, are continually being developed. One might reasonably forecast that dynamic factor-timing strategies will be a growth area for the quantitative equity field. A new generation of big data approaches is developing in the field and is likely to grow as technology becomes more capable and more data are digitally available. Despite the advances in theory, modeling, and technology, the goal of quantitative equity management techniques is an old one: aiding investors to achieve more efficient and appropriate investment outcomes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":169901843,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2900958321","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Clinics in Haematology. Vol 10 no. 1 Feb. 1981 Enzymopathies. Edited by WILLIAM C. MENTZER. Pp. 256, illustrated. W. B. Saunders, London, Philadelphia, Toronto, 1981. \u00a39.75 (single issue) \u00a319.50 (subscription). The knowledge of red cell enzymopathies amongst most haematologists is rather rudimentary and usually confined to glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase and pyruvate kinase deficiency. This book, written by a number of authors who are experts in the field, sets out to discuss not only the haemolytic anaemias caused by red cell enzymopathies, but also gives a comprehensive account ofother human erythrocyte metabolic abnormalities, many of which manifest themselves as 'non-erythrocyte disorders'. The chapter on diagnostic strategy in a suspected case of red cell enzymopathy is excellent. There is good coverage of enzymopathies in neonates, pyruvate kinase, and other Embden-Meyerhoff pathway enzyme deficiencies and haemolysis associated with purine and pyrimidine salvage pathways and methaemoglobinaemia. Rarer topics like red cell enzyme abnormalities in dyserythropoiesis and malignant diseases are adequately dealt with. More esoteric topics such as the use of red cell enzyme polymorphism in genetics and forensic medicine are discussed, but these would not be of much interest for the majority of haematologists. The main criticism of this book is that G6PD deficiency, which is the commonest and clinically most significant abnormality, has been dealt with in a most perfunctory manner. The book, though full of information, is rather hard to read, and many facts are repeated. It is difficult to see at whom this book is aimed. In spite of these criticisms it will make a most useful reference volume.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":72046714,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2036079404","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.58.686.804-c","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/pgmj.58.686.804-c","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Photoelectrochemical cells have existed for decades. However, the poor efficiency of such devices is still problematic because of trade-offs between different materials properties used for photoelectrochemical reactions. Here we report a novel photoanode architecture consisting of CdS\/CdSe co-sensitized sea urchin-shaped ZnO\/TiO2-based nano\/micro hybrid heterostructures that simultaneously offer better light scattering over the entire visible frequency domain, better separation of photo-generated charge carriers, significantly improved light absorption that extends over a broad visible spectrum, and better transport of electrons through a highly connected network of conducting ZnO nanowires than existing architectures. Use of the synthesized structures as photoanodes in a photoelectrochemical cell yielded a photocurrent density as high as 11.8 mA cm\u22122 with a remarkable photo-conversion efficiency of 6.4%.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":262028690,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2001460892","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C3TA15439D","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article explores the potentials of art to involve citizens in regional transitions. The Haarzuilens case in the Netherlands is analysed as to how site-specific performances possibly can have added value for regional planning activities. We investigate the artists' use of narratives as an art form to exemplify and make explicit citizens' understanding of their living environment. Our point of departure is the assumption that people make sense of their living environments through narratives. Narratives are understood as subjective representations of a series of events that involve problem definitions, worldviews and aspects of social reality. Our analysis indicates that art is indeed capable of making the narratives of local citizens about their intrinsic place attachments more explicit. This information can be used by planners in their regional activities. Art makes explicit the emotional values, social values and identities connected with the region. It is a challenge to match these narratives with the planners' narrative on regional transitions. We suggest three scenarios for the cooperation of artists and planners in the future","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":143439172,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2000368204","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/CDJ\/BSS022","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article describes a unique cryo-electron microscopy (CryoEM) facility to study the three-dimensional organization of viruses at biological safety level 3 (BSL-3). This facility, the W. M. Keck Center for Virus Imaging, has successfully operated for more than a year without incident and was cleared for select agent studies by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Standard operating procedures for the laboratory were developed and implemented to ensure its safe and efficient operation. This facility at the University of Texas Medical Branch (Galveston, TX) is the only such BSL-3 CryoEM facility approved for select agent research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":1904478,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"298560185","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/153567601001500305","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc3156611?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In Abtew, W.; Melesse, A. M. (Eds.). Proceedings of the Workshop on Hydrology and Ecology of the Nile River Basin under Extreme Conditions, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 16-19 June 2008. Sandy, UT, USA: Aardvark Global Publishing","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":133810464,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2790198588","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Speakers sometimes modify their gestures during the process of production into adaptors such as hair touching or eye scratching. Such disguised adaptors are evidence that the speaker can monitor their gestures. In this study, we investigated when and how disguised adaptors are first produced by children. Sixty elementary school children participated in this study. There were ten from each school year (from 7 to 12 years of age). They were instructed to remember a cartoon and retell its story to their parents. The results showed that children did not produce disguised adaptors until the age of 8. The disguised adaptors accompany fluent speech until the children are 10 years old and accompany dysfluent speech until they reach 11 or 12 years of age. These results suggest that children start to monitor their gestures when they are 9 or 10 years old. Cultural influences and cognitive changes were considered as factors to influence emergence of disguised adaptors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":3509564,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2775013385","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This thesis aimed to investigate whether people can accurately retrodict from a brief sample of others' behaviour to the antecedent event, from spontaneous and simulated expressions. Additionally, the thesis aimed to investigate if retrodiction involves the inference of inner states, unlike a classification task. The experimental procedure enables us to capture a variety of brief, dynamic and spontaneous expressions which closely resembles the expressions seen in real-life social situations. At the same time, it enables us to measure participants' performance against an objective criterion. This paradigm consists of two phases, targets and perceivers. Targets captured in video-clips were either looking at emotional expressions (Experimental Chapter 1 and 2) or pictures from the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) (Experimental Chapter 3 and 4). As a cover activity to provoke spontaneous reactions, targets were told to remember the pictures for a memory test. In Experimental Chapter 3 and 4, they were also asked to simulate expressions which were either congruent or incongruent with what they were viewing. In order to further identify if perceivers were truly inferring targets' inner states, their (\"retrodicting perceivers\") behavioural responses and eye movements were compared against perceivers who were asked to classify target responses (\"classifying perceivers\"). The findings revealed that retrodicting perceivers were slightly above chance level in judging the emotional expressions viewed by targets (Experimental Chapter 1 and 2) from spontaneous reactions. As for simulated expressions, perceivers were also significantly above chance in judging whether targets were displaying an incongruent expression only when targets were looking at a negative picture (Experimental Chapter 3). However, when perceivers were asked to retrodict to the type of picture viewed, they performed significantly above chance only when targets were behaving spontaneously and when they were asked to simulate congruent expressions. In contrast, they were systematically inaccurate when targets were simulating incongruent expressions. Although this may suggest that perceivers were fooled by targets' reactions, perceivers' responses discriminated between occasions when targets were simulating congruent and incongruent expressions. Furthermore, perceivers' responses also discriminated between occasions when targets were behaving spontaneously and when they were asked to simulate congruent expressions. In this respect, perceivers were not entirely fooled by targets' simulations. Finally, there was insufficient evidence to support the hypothesis that retrodicting perceivers engaged in a different strategy than classifying perceivers and hence it is not possible to conclude that retrodicting perceivers were truly inferring targets' inner states.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":149968256,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2893821496","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In recent years, a variety of cultural industries have been transformed by platformization \u2013 a process in which technology companies serve as intermediaries connecting different parties (most importantly cultural producers and audiences) through websites and applications. From music to book publishing, movie production, and the visual arts, cultural production has undergone massive changes due to platforms such as Spotify, Apple Music, Amazon, Goodreads, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Etsy, etc. In most cultural sectors, creators now have to grapple with the platforms that make their work visible to online audiences. This often means paying close attention to the quantitative infrastructure of platforms, namely their algorithms and analytics, which drive visibility and commercial success. This panel examines what these economic and technological changes imply for the independence of cultural production. Classical studies of culture often emphasized the role that the values of independence and autonomy play in shaping artists' worldviews and practices. From Bourdieu's analysis of \"fields of cultural production\" as \"the economic world reversed\" to Becker's theory of \"art worlds\" where internal dynamics redefine external constraints, or the Frankfurt School's critical take on the demise of aura through mechanical reproduction, sociological approaches have paid close attention to the threats to independence emerging under modern capitalism. In fact, most classical sociology saw cultural producers in the mass cultural industries as having little independence, often assuming (sometimes without empirical research) that the massification of culture would destroy original and critical art works. Here we revisit the question of independence in the context of platformed creation \u2013 a term that embraces all forms of cultural production that are mediated, in part or completely, through digital platforms. By bringing together scholars studying different aspects of platformed creation and reflecting on the concept of independence through diverse disciplinary lenses, we ask: what does independence look like in the context of platformed creation? What are some of the theoretical and methodological tools available to scholars for making sense of cultural, economic, and technological independence in the case of platformed creation? And how do these evolving forms of independence affect the kinds of art works and cultural tropes that circulate online? These different studies aim to put the concept of independence in dialogue with the question of interdependence (among cultural producers, audiences, and platforms) in a mediated digital world.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":239137247,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5210\/spir.v2021i0.12094","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5210\/spir.v2021i0.12094","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Two competing strategies for setting climate policy are cost-benefit analysis and the precautionary principle. This Article analyzes these strategies and considers their application to climate risks in four case studies: determination of the social cost of carbon, international endorsement of a 2\u00b0 ceiling on warming, EPA's endangerment finding, and the polar bear listing decision. In practice, cost-benefit analysis of climate change encounters great difficulties. The precautionary principle works well in determining whether to regulate, but gives modest guidance about the level of regulation. One possibility might be to combine the approaches in a two-step process: (1) using economic models to help identify feasible emissions trajectories that minimize the risk of catastrophic outcomes, and then (2) backing out the social cost of carbon based on compliance costs along the optimum trajectories. In the meantime, the four case studies indicate that decision makers have managed to make reasonably defensible decisions despite the obstacles.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":152619387,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1032378857","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2637105","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The topic of this paper is the rhotic segment with one constricted interval, the tap. This sound is typically considered to be, from the phonetic point of view, a simple small constricted interval because this is how it appears on a spectrogram when it is in intervocalic context. More recent studies (Stolarski 2011; Savu 2011, 2012) consider and argue that the tap is actually comprised of two vowel-like elements flanking this small constriction. After presenting the argument leading to this conclusion and briefly discussing the quality of the tap's vocoids as shown by phonetic experiments, I approach the implications of this sound having the aforementioned structure. Specifically, I address the consequences for the status of syllabic \/r\/ in Macedonian and the different perception of \/C(\u0268)rC\/ sequences by speakers of Romanian and Slavic languages with syllabic \/r\/. In addition to this, I show how this structure of the tap suggests a possible phonetic account for vowel-rhotic metathesis between consonants as the migration of the constriction on a vocalic continuum provided by the tap and the full vowel.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":118145792,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1515498562","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Staged construction is the practice in which traffic is maintained on a bridge while it is constructed in phases. When cast-in-place concrete decks are used with staged construction, the concrete deck must cure while subjected to loads and displacements caused by the adjacent traffic using the same structure. Traffic-induced displacements and vibrations may damage the freshly placed concrete, its bond with the embedded reinforcement, or the integrity of the concrete joint. To determine the effects, if any, of staged construction practices on long-term bridge performance, this research examined bridge decks in Wisconsin that were constructed or widened using staged construction through visual inspection, field monitoring, and finite-element modeling. Some minor defects were observed in the field inspections of slab-on-girder bridges, such as underconsolidated concrete in the construction joint region and leakage through the joint itself. The inspected haunched-slab bridges showed severe deterioration at the construction joints. Field-measured differential displacements were small, with a maximum of 1.1mm (0.043 in.), both during construction and several weeks after. Finite-element modeling confirmed these observations. Modeling results indicated that as long as nominal stiffness was provided by the deck or even the formwork between girders adjacent to the longitudinal joint, these deflections were unlikely to cause deterioration. Longer-span bridges may experience larger differential displacements across the joint, but these may be controlled by preventing larger vehicles from using the lane adjacent to the fresh concrete for approximately one day. DOI: 10.1061\/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001367.\u00a9 2019 American Society of Civil Engineers. Author keywords: Staged construction; Bridge decks; Field inspections.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":115156001,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2910977286","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001367","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Micropterigidae is a family of Lepidoptera characterized by plesiomorphic morphological characters. Presently, this family consists of more than 22 genera and is distributed throughout all biogeographic realms. Vietomartyria Hashimoto & Mey, 2000 presently consists of six species mainly from South China. Two new species of the genus, V. wuyunjiena sp. nov. and V. maoershana sp. nov., are described herein from China; adult genitalia and wing venation are illustrated. Some biological accounts of the new species are also provided. A key to all described Vietomartyria species is given.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":216460611,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3010191153","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5852\/ejt.2020.610","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu\/index.php\/ejt\/article\/download\/869\/2055","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract\u2013Nolan and Temple Lang's Computing in the Statistics Curricula (2010) advocated for a shift in statistical education to broadly include computing. In the time since, individuals with training in both computing and statistics have become increasingly employable in the burgeoning data science field. In response, universities have developed new courses and programs to meet the growing demand for data science education. To address this demand, we created Data Science in Practice, a large-enrollment undergraduate course. Here, we present our goals for teaching this course, including: (1) conceptualizing data science as creative problem solving, with a focus on project-based learning, (2) prioritizing practical application, teaching and using standardized tools and best practices, and (3) scaling education through coursework that enables hands-on and classroom learning in a large-enrollment course. Throughout this course we also emphasize social context and data ethics to best prepare students for the interdisciplinary and impactful nature of their work. We highlight creative problem solving and strategies for teaching automation-resilient skills, while providing students the opportunity to create a unique data science project that demonstrates their technical and creative capacities.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":230539430,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3111303026","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/10691898.2020.1860725","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1080\/10691898.2020.1860725?needAccess=true","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Previous studies of action selection in routinized tasks have used error rates as their sole dependent measure (e.g. Reason, 1979; Schwartz et al., 1998). Consequently, conclusions about the underlying mechanisms of correct behavior are necessarily indirect. The present experiment examines the performance of normal subjects in the prototypical coffee task (Botvinick & Plaut, 2004) when carried out in a virtual environment on screen. This has the advantage of (a) constraining the possible errors more tightly than a real world environment, and (b) giving access to latencies as an additional, finer grained measure of performance. We report error data and timing of action selection at the crucial branching points for the production of routinized task sequences both with and without a secondary task. Processing branching points leads to increased latencies. The presence of the secondary task has a greater effect on latencies at branching points than at equivalent non-branching points. Furthermore, error data and latencies dissociate, suggesting that the exact timing is a valid and valuable source of information when trying to understand the processes that govern routine tasks. The results of the experiment are discussed in relation to their implication for computational accounts of routine action selection.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":15198995,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"907071809","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The two small intermediate filament (IF) proteins A3 and B2 of the cephalochordate Amphioxus were investigated. Blot overlays indicated a heterotypic interaction pattern of the recombinant proteins. While the individual proteins formed only aggregates, the stoichiometric mixture formed obligatory heteropolymeric filaments. Mutant proteins with a single cysteine residue in equivalent positions gave rise to filaments that oxidize to the disulfide-linked heterodimer, which can again form IF. Thus the A3\/B2 filaments, which are expressed in the intestinal epithelium, are based on a hetero coiled coil. This keratin-like assembly process of A3 plus B2 was unexpected, since previous evolutionary tree calculations performed by two laboratories on the various Amphioxus IF proteins identified keratin I and II orthologs but left the A\/B group as a separate branch. We discuss obvious evolutionary aspects of the Amphioxus IF multigene family, including the previously made observation that B1, the closest relative of B2, forms homopolymeric IF in vitro and is, like vertebrate type III proteins, expressed in mesodermally derived tissues.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":6967428,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2033385120","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1006\/JMBI.2001.5298","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Odontogenic myxoma is a benign mesenchymal odontogenic tumor that is more frequently found in the mandibular molar region. The extra-osseous counterpart, called Peripheral Odontogenic Myxoma (POM), is an exceedingly rare entity and with very low aggressive potential.\n \n \n \n Clinical and radiographic findings are not specific, and difficulties may exist in differentiating histological findings of POM from other tumors with myxoid features, such as fibromas and oral focal mucinosis. Due to the fact that the presence of odontogenic epithelium is not required for the diagnosis, a myxoid lesion without odontogenic nests that develops in extraosseous position can be misdiagnosed with a soft tissue myxoma.\n \n \n \n We thereby present two cases of POM and conduct an extensive and critical review of the English literature, taking into consideration both certain and putative cases of POM.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":59536707,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2907875306","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601812011079","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/opendentistryjournal.com\/VOLUME\/12\/PAGE\/1079\/PDF\/","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Around the world, the Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated differences that already existed. Health outcomes and the economic impacts of resulting lockdowns have not been evenly distributed and inequalities have deepened. As the pandemic began, there were widespread concerns for the urban poor. Population density and limited service provision in informal neighbourhoods meant that standard measures to reduce transmission were difficult or impossible. Livelihoods based on day labour and the unskilled service economy were also most seriously affected by the resulting lockdowns.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":235585130,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3159689410","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.19088\/CC.2021.001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This research work focused on the mindset of librarians in the promotion of African Culture Vis \u2013 A \u2013 Vis Nigeria as a Nation. The culture of a people had been identified as the identity of such people. Taking a cursory look at Nigeria, as a nation in the continent of Africa, the invasion of European world had greatly influenced our ways of life. Libraries established by our colonial masters could not meet our indigenous needs. After independence, efforts were being made to enhance and promote our cultural values. The study unleashed the perception of librarians about our culture with Nigeria as a case study. The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population for the study consisted of forty \u2013 five (45) librarians purposively selected from three (3) university libraries in Nigeria; namely: Hezekiah Oluwasanmi Library, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile \u2013 Ife; Kenneth Dike Library, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, and the University of Lagos Library, Akoka, Lagos. These university libraries were selected because they are old institutions in the history of Nigeria and they contain resources on cultural artifacts from which generalization was made. Questionnaire was used as instrument for data gathering. Out of forty \u2013 Eight (48) questionnaires administered, forty \u2013 five (45) were returned valid. Data gathered were analyzed using simple frequency, percentages and four \u2013 point Lickert Scale of Strongly Agreed (SA), Agreed (A), Disagree (D), and Strongly Disagree (SD). A bench mark of 2.5 was set for the weighted mean from which conclusions were drawn. The result of the findings revealed the perception of Librarians about African culture. The roles they play in its promotion were also identified.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":54048607,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2902785637","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"PURPOSE: Augmented reality systems have been proposed for image-guided needle interventions but they have not become widely used in clinical practice due to restrictions such as limited portability, low display refresh rates, and tedious calibration procedures. We propose a handheld tablet-based self-calibrating image overlay system. METHODS: A modular handheld augmented reality viewbox was constructed from a tablet computer and a semi-transparent mirror. A consistent and precise self-calibration method, without the use of any temporary markers, was designed to achieve an accurate calibration of the system. Markers attached to the viewbox and patient are simultaneously tracked using an optical pose tracker to report the position of the patient with respect to a displayed image plane that is visualized in real-time. The software was built using the open-source 3D Slicer application platform's SlicerIGT extension and the PLUS toolkit. RESULTS: The accuracy of the image overlay with image-guided needle interventions yielded a mean absolute position error of 0.99 mm (95th percentile 1.93 mm) in-plane of the overlay and a mean absolute position error of 0.61 mm (95th percentile 1.19 mm) out-of-plane. This accuracy is clinically acceptable for tool guidance during various procedures, such as musculoskeletal injections. CONCLUSION: A self-calibration method was developed and evaluated for a tracked augmented reality display. The results show potential for the use of handheld image overlays in clinical studies with image-guided needle interventions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":34530533,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2300283092","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1117\/12.2217270","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Taking into account the fact that in the current education the emphasis is on verbal communication, while the nonverbal language occupies a secondary role, but also that the tendency to integrate children with special educational needs in mainstream education is observed, this article wants to emphasize the need to combine the two forms of communication, in order to streamline the communicative act and the understanding of the message, but also to transmit positive behaviours including to facilitate the inclusion of children with special educational needs. In this article we present our research in the field of early education whose results have shown that nonverbal elements streamline communication with students with SEN, facilitating their integration in mainstream kindergartens. The main conclusions of the research showed that the conscious, intentional use of nonverbal elements produces positive effects on didactic communication, increasing the level of attention of pre-schoolers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":255041242,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.56177\/red.6.2022.art.10","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCSA","url":"https:\/\/researchandeducation.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/Monica_Madalina_Teodorescu_Valuing_Nonverbal_Communication_In_Order_To_Include_Children_With_SEN_In_Mainstream_Education_REd_nr6.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Neural networks present a fundamentally different model of computation from the conventional sequential digital model, for which conventional hardware is typically poorly matched. However, a combination of model and scalability limitations has meant that neither dedicated neural chips nor FPGA's have offered an entirely satisfactory solution. SpiNNaker introduces a different approach, the \" neu-romimetic \" architecture, that maintains the neural optimisation of dedicated chips while offering FPGA-like universal configurability. This parallel multiprocessor employs an asynchronous event-driven model that uses interrupt-generating dedicated hardware on the chip to support real-time neural simulation. Nonetheless, event handling , particularly packet servicing, requires careful and innovative design in order to avoid local processor congestion and possible deadlock. We explore the impact that spatial locality, temporal causality and burstiness of traffic have on network performance , using tunable, biologically similar synthetic traffic patterns. Having established the viability of the system for real-time operation, we use two exemplar neural models to illustrate how to implement efficient event-handling service routines that mitigate the problem of burstiness in the traffic. Extending work published in ACM Computing Frontiers 2010 with on-chip testing, simulation results indicate the viability of SpiNNaker for large-scale neural modelling, while emphasizing the need for effective burst management and network mapping. Ultimately, the goal is the creation of a library-based development system that can translate a high-level neural model from any description environment into an efficient SpiNNaker instantiation. The complete system represents a general-purpose platform that can generate an arbitrary neural network and run it with hardware speed and scale.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":3687225,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A clean-shaven person behind the king is shown in the four Ardashir Babakan's reliefs in Firuzabad, Naghsh-e Rostam, and Naghsh-e Rajab. The various approaches have been suggested about this person's identity, mentioned with various names and titles such as fly-whisk bearer eunuch, the servant or bodyguard of the king. The comparison of this type of iconography with those of the same preceding examples the Sassanid state in Iran during the Achaemenid and Assyrian periods shows that the shaving of the face is one of the common traditions among high-ranking clerics, which is most likely continued the later periods and especially, the Sassanid. Also, there is the possibility of belonging mentioned person to person other than the royal family based on the analysis of some of the available emblems and historical narratives. The present study is based on historical and archaeological information, which has provided new information about a clean-shaven person behind the king, shown in the four Ardashir Babakan's reliefs in Firuzabad, Naghsh-e Rostam, and Naghsh-e Rajab. This paper examines the beardless person's figure in the Ardashir I's reliefs and similar examples in the archaeological evidence such as reliefs, seals, and historical narratives. Furthermore, we are trying to determine the identification and probable position of this person. The most critical questions in this research are the following: 1- What is the identification of the beardless person in the Ardashir Babakan's reliefs? 2- What is the position of the beardless person in the Ardashir Babakan's reliefs? Most researchers have used the titles such as whisk-bearer, eunuch, servants, or bodyguards of the king. Lukonin has described this person as the Karen dynasty representative and attributed the carved emblem on his kol\u0101h to this dynasty (Lukonin, 2005: 309). Ghirshman identifies him as a Sasanid nobleman (Ghrishman, 2011: 125), and Hinz describes him as bitaxs of Ardashir (Hinz2006: 276). By studying Sasanid riders' descent in the relief of warrior's war in Firuzabad, Kalani considers this person as the representative of the Soren family by a special emblem on his kol\u0101h (Kalani, 2017a: 90; Kalani, 2017b: 204). Mousavi Haji and Sarfaraz believe that this person has been a servant and bodyguard of the king (Mousavi Haji and Sarfaraz, 2017: 72). The presence of beardless persons (or clean-shaven?) has a long history among the civilizations of the Ancient Near East; for example, we can see the examples of these people in different periods, such as Assyrian and Achaemenid ones, and in the Sassanid period, on the reliefs and seals later.\u00a0 Specimens of beardless persons are seen in ancient Near East works such as the Achaemenid and Assyrian periods (Figure 1, 2, 3, 4). A tradition that seems to have lasted until the Sasanid period, like Kerd\u012br (Figure 12). He reached such a very high position in the Sassanids' political structure that Narseh mentioned his name in the inscription of \"Paikuli\" among his noblemen and loyalists. Also, a person without a beard is seen in Ardashir I's reliefs in Fars. We can quickly identify these people as servants. Indeed, holding a device such as fly-whisk (?) not only did not create a disturb and disorder in their task, but also they could reach a position that everywhere are portrayed behind the king, and their Specimens are visible in the reliefs of the Assyrian, Achaemenid, and Sassanid (including Kerd\u012br). It seems the person who has been portrayed without a beard in all of Ardashir I's reliefs in Fars is enjoying such a position (Figure 7, 8, 9, 10, 11). Regarding all of Ardashir Babakan's reliefs, this beardless person is portrayed with a diadem and royal ribbons, so he cannot be one of the Sassanid kingdom people. We should search for his identity among non-royal family members. Among the courtiers of Ardashir are only Tansar and Abarsam, that different narratives exist about these two persons, especially in the Islamic sources are mentioned about their high position among the clerics. Tansar has not been mentioned in any sources contemporary with the Sassanid. Abarsam is mentioned in the inscriptions of the Sh\u0101p\u016br I's Ka'ba-i Zardusht among the Ardashir's courtiers, not as the clergy or Ardashir's vizier, but as one of the courtiers in the fifteenth row of this inscription. Regarding this person in the relief of Ardashir's war with Ardawan IV and Ardashir's investiture from Ahura Mazda, he has been both the high political and the first rank of the clergy society. According to Ibn Balkhi's version about Ardashir's vizier called Nansar, some scholars consider Tansar and Abarsam one person. He is named as \"Mob\u0101d-e Mob\u0101dan\" in epic texts, such as Karname-ye Ardahsir, and mentioned in the Shahnameh Ferdowsi with various titles, such as \"Dast\u016br\", vizier, \"Mob\u0101d\" and \"K\u0101dkhoda or K\u0101diwar (alderman)\". The likeness of this person with the great Sassanian cleric is that like Kerd\u012br carrying the sword in the reliefs of Sar\u0101b-e Bahr\u0101m and Sarmashhad, this person also, in addition to fighting on the battlefield of Tangab-e Firuzabad with the Parthian rival, in other Ardashir's reliefs carries a sword indicating this person has had a strong political influence, in addition to the high ranking clergy, as well as Kerd\u012br. This is a crucial point in rejecting the approaches of those who regard this person as a simple servant or a eunuch holding a fly-whisk behind the king's head. Is it reasonable a servant who is only his duty to hold a fly-whisk (?) behind the king's head carrying the weapon with his own? On the other hand, the carved emblem on his kol\u0101h shows his descent and ancestry. Emblems related to the family of essential persons were carved on their kol\u0101h, not a servant whose duty was only holding fly-whisk (?). Regarding the courtiers of Ardashir, Abarsam is the only person who has received the honorific title, \"Ardashir's Farr\" or Ardashir glory has been named in many sources as the senior clergy and grand vizier, so it seems has had a very high position. If we accept the view of the scholars that Parthian's adversary of the beardless person in the third scene of the relief of the warrior's war is the king of Ahwaz, or according to Henning, Ardawan V Elymais, probably can be more trusted in Tabari's version about the encounter king of Ahvaz with Abarsam who has attacked to the Ardashir Khorra in the absence of Ardashir, and should be considered the third scene of Firuzabad I's relief related to this battle and battle scene between the king of Ahwaz and Abarsam (Figure 7, 8). Probably a person portrayed without a beard in all of Ardashir's reliefs is Abarsam, who had both a very high political position because of his numerous services to Ardashir, and senior clergy of the Sasanid period appeared with this portrait and figure in the reliefs according to the tradition of shaving face among the clerics.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":238808946,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3191026771","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22059\/JARCS.2021.270894.142650","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Let $r \\geq 2$, $k$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p > 0$ and $E_r$ be a $p$-elementary abelian group of rank $r$. \nIt is well known that the category of finite dimensional $kE_r$-modules $\\modd kE_r$ is of wild type, whenever $p \\geq 3$ or $p = 2$ and $r > 2$. \nTherefore subclasses with more restrictive properties have been studied. In 2008 Carlson, Friedlander and Suslin introduced the subclass of modules \nof constant rank and modules with even more restrictive properties, called equal images property and equal kernels property. \nIn her PhD thesis Worch uses a faithful exact functor $\\fF_{n} \\colon \\modd B(n,r) \\to \\modd kE_r$ from the module category of the generalized Beilinson algebra $B(n,r)$ on $n$ vertices \ninto the module category of the group algebra $kE_r$ to define the equal images and equal kernels property in the framework of the Beilinson algebra. \nWe follow this approach in the special case $n = 2$ and $r \\geq 3$, i.e. $B(n,r)$ is the generalized Kronecker $\\cK_r = k\\Gamma_r$ algebra with $r \\geq 3$ arrows. \nInspired by recent work of Carlson, Friedlander and Pevtsova concerning modules $E_r$, we introduce the notions of modules with constant $d$-radical rank and modules with constant \n$d$-socle rank for $\\cK_r$ and $1 \\leq d \\leq r-1$. \nWe study subcategories given by modules with the equal $d$-radical property and the equal $d$-socle property. \nUtilizing the Simplification method due to Ringel, we prove that these subcategories in $\\modd \\cK_r$ are of wild type. Then we use the functor $\\fF_{2} \\colon \\modd \\cK_r \\to \\modd kE_r$ to transfer our results to $\\modd kE_r$. \nThis thesis is also motivated by the aim to give new insights into the wild category $\\modd \\cK_r$.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":125495484,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2769043707","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Aquaculture is expanding and developing in practically all the regions of the world. The demand of the world-wide population by aquatic products is increasing, whereas the production from capture of fisheries has been being reduced, reaching many of them their maximum productive potential. As result of, sustaining fish supplies from capture fisheries it will not be possible to meet the growing global demand for aquatic food. Therefore, the aquaculture seems to have the potential to make a significant contribution to the production of these foods, in order to meet the growing population demand. Nevertheless, in order to accomplish it, the producer faces critical challenges. The development of these activities intensifies substantially, and requires to be diversified, producing new species and creating new systems and practices of production. The production systems of aquatic animals, particularly those based on technologies of water recirculation, appears to be an excellent alternative for producing, in regions of the North of Mexico, in where the water is scarce.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":129648223,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1815937662","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Phenolic compounds (benzoic and cinnamic acid derivatives, vanillin, syringaldehyde and acetovanillone) were identified in cork used for production of wine stoppers by extraction in an ethanolic solution and by HPLC analysis. The effect of storage and boiling of cork slabs on these compounds were investigated. In each sample, cinnamic acids and vanillin have predominated among phenolics. Boiled cork was significantly different from raw slabs in the concentration of protocatechuic, caffeic, p-coumaric acids, and vanillin. The significant differences between cork from stored and from unstored slabs were evident in protocatechuic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, and ferulic acids. Storage of slabs increased the amount of extractable cinnamic acids. On the other hand, boiling decreased the concentration of the same phenolic acids and increased that of vanillin. Boiling after storage can be beneficial to the cork quality, reducing the amount of potentially negative flavor compounds (cinnamic acids) and increasing potentially positive flavor compounds (vanillin).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":86795410,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2097036667","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5344\/ajev.1998.49.1.6","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study aims at investigating the effect of managerial overconfidence on earnings management (both accruals and real activities). A sample of 125 companies is drawn from Egyptian-listed companies' qualified population for a period from 2012 to 2017 producing 750 year-firm observations. The trade-off model developed by Zang (2012) after adjusting it in order to fit the Egyptian environment and incorporate managerial overconfidence as independent variable is used to investigate the effect of managerial overconfidence on earnings management. The findings of this study indicate that managerial overconfidence positively affects both accruals earnings management and real-activities earnings management. Moreover, Egyptian managers jointly use both types of earnings management.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":204492052,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2973476199","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article is a part of the \"Do you know your guidelines\" series by the Education Committee of the American Head and Neck Society. The aim is to summarize the core principles outlined by the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology (NCCN Guidelines\u00ae) on management of malnutrition in patients with head and neck cancer. We outline the current recommendations from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network\u00ae (NCCN\u00ae) for the screening and management of malnutrition, including indications for nutritional supplementation and placement of a nasogastric or gastrostomy tube. We also include a brief review of the available literature on additional screening tools, alternative guidelines, as well as an update on the emerging data surrounding the use of immune\u2010enhancing nutrition.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":14068808,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2906946353","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/hed.24866","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Since war begins in the mind of men, it is in the minds of men the defences of peace must be instructed. It is only when our minds are transformed we can move toward a culture of peace. This research project, sets to investigate whether Peace Education in Kenya, has been fully utilized to transform societies from a culture of violence to a culture of peace given that Kenya is a post conflict society where aspects such as fear, hatred, and mistrust exists after the 2007\/2008 post election violence. The objectives of this study are to examine the content of peace education in relation to the state of peace education in Kenya and its transformative impact in Kenya since the post election violence. The research questions that the research seeks to examine are, if the Kenyan education system does promote a culture of peace through its curriculum and if peace education has transformed the Kenyan society. This research is guided by the integrative theory of peace that holds that peace is psychological, social, political, ethical and spiritual which is an outcome of human cognitive, emotive and conative capacities that determine the nature of our world views. This means that human beings can learn to be peacefully by changing their world views to that of a culture of peace through peace education. In addition, the United Nation supports that the ultimate tool for achieving a culture of peace would be through peace education, where people are socialized to be peaceful and envision peace in their mind. With an understanding that conflict will always be a part of our society, we should therefore adopt norms that are geared towards cooperation, respect of other people's culture, respect of human rights and nonviolence means of achieving incompatible goals. To achieve the objectives and examine the research questions, the research adopted a methodology that is descriptive which uses both primary and secondary data by using books, interviews, questioners and focus group discussion hence allowing use of both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The main finding of the study from the collected data is that peace education in Kenya has not been effective in addressing issues of equality, respect of cultural diversity and addressing fears to allow Kenyans live anywhere without fear. This implies that peace education should be made more effective in order to transform the Kenyan society in all aspects and nature a culture of peace. Peace education should as well be made part of every learning institution to impact knowledge and nature attitudes such as respect of human rights, peacefully ways of conflict resolution, cooperation and patriotism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":155143598,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2292335347","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present results of an ab initio study of the structural and thermoelastic properties of orthorhombic (Pbnm) MgSiO3 perovskite as a function of temperature and pressure. Self-consistent free energies are computed using quasiharmonic lattice dynamics with interatomic potentials derived from an electron-gas formulation. At high temperatures the orthorhombic phase undergoes successive second-order transitions to tetragonal and cubic phases. The transition temperatures increase with pressure such that the orthorhombic phase is stable throughout most of the lower mantle although the higher symmetry phases could occur near the top of the lower mantle. At zero pressure the calculated bulk modulus and thermal expansion are in excellent agreement with the available data. We find that for high-temperature isotherms, a finite-strain decompression of the high-pressure equation of state of perovskite substantially overestimates its zero-pressure density and bulk modulus; hence, constraints on the chemical composition of the lower mantle, based on a comparison of the decompressed seismological properties with zero-pressure laboratory data may significantly overestimate the proportion of perovskite in the lower mantle.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":131619952,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2138202036","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1029\/GL012I012P00809","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The importance of automating feature generalization is increasing in conjunction with demands for updated data. Determining which features to represent at myriad scales is an important part of this process. The Principles of Selection, as proposed by Topfer and Pillewizer in 1966, provide cartographers with an empirically based generalization rule. Also known as the Radical Law, the principles provide an equation estimating the number of features depicted at smaller scales based on the relationship of map scale denominators. However, the applicability of the equation at large scales seems limited in its current form. With ongoing initiatives to automate cartographic processing and the digitization of data at large scales, there is utility in determining how many features to display on derived medium and small scale products. We evaluate the USGS National Hydrography Dataset and National Atlas hydrography to determine the existing length of features for comparison to expected results based on the Radical Law equation. The rate of feature selection is not the same along the continuum of scale. A new factor is added to the Radical Law equation to account for this variability. Results from a USGS flowline pruning tool by Stanislawski and Buttenfield are used to compare equation results to benchmark USGS hydrography at 5K, 24K, 100K and 2M scales. Increasing knowledge of existing hydrographic features can improve implementation of automated feature generalization and propagation through a wide range of scales.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":13997007,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2185948711","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan [L.] Millspaugh) is an important multipurpose grain legume crop primarily grown in tropical and subtropical areas of Asia, Africa and Latin America. In Africa, the crop is grown for several purposes including food security, income generation, livestock feed and in agroforestry. Production in Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) is however faced with many challenges including limited use of high-yielding cultivars, diseases and pests, drought, under-investment in research and lack of scientific expertise. The aim of this review is to highlight the challenges facing pigeonpea breeding research in ESA and the existing opportunities for improving the overall pigeonpea subsector in the region. We discuss the potential of the recently available pigeonpea genomic resources for accelerated molecular breeding, the prospects for conventional breeding and commercial hybrid pigeonpea, and the relevant seed policies, among others, which are viewed as opportunities to enhance pigeonpea productivity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":55154179,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2258174797","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/PBR.12340","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the last few months, as I have been visiting schools, which is one of the privileges of this particular occupation, people have been voicing their anxieties about what they perceive as a potential snare facing them. It is that in some senses they could envisage CDT in the future dissolving into three: technological activity, design activity, and craft - something separate again . I would like to discuss that, and also speak about two other important issues. One is to offer some, I hope, provocative thoughts about the issue of progression in our subject; the other is to make a few remarks about technological language. I hope, in the plenary that follows, there will be an opportunity for you to challenge these things as some of them will be rather tentative.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":143218460,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1875568583","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Epstein-Bar virus (EBV), a human herpesvirus, establishes a life-long persistent infection in 90~95% of human adult population worldwide. EBV is the etiologic agent of infectious mononucleosis, and EBV is associated with a variety of human malignancy including lymphoma and gastric carcinoma. Recently, EBV has been classified as group 1 carcinogen by the W HO International Agency for Research on Cancer. Evidence is presented which suggests that failures of the EBV-specific immunity may play a role in the pathogenesis of EBV-associated malignancy. At present, the precise mechanisms by which EBV transforms B lymphocytes have been disclosed. Encouragingly, they have had enough success so far to keep them enthusiastic about novel therapeutic trial in the field of EBV-associated lymphoma. However, information on EBV-associated gastric carcinoma is still at dawn. This article reviews EBV biology, immunological response of EBV infection, unique oncogenic property of EBV, peculiarity of EBV-associated gastric carcinoma, and lastly, EBV-targeted therapy and vaccination. (Cancer Res Treat. 2005;37:257-267) \udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f\udb82\udc0f Key W ords: H uman herpes virus 4 , E pste in-Barr virus (E BV ), O ncogenic virus, S tomach neoplasms, Lymphoma, EBV-targeted treatment","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":51793443,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The application of optimization methods to forest management has given rise to a successful line of investigation in recent decades. However, there have been few publications associated with the application of these techniques to the management of industrial forest plantations (those with short or medium rotations, always less than 50 years), which consider the important role played by these forest systems in the supply of diverse goods and services. This study presents an overview of this literature which, by analyzing 67 articles published in journals contained in the ISI Web of Science, highlight, among other aspects, the techniques employed, their evolution, their planning type (strategic, tactical or operational), the functional objectives and constraints considered, or the type of software deployed in these studies. The results show how Model I has been the one most frequently used in these studies, and how the spatial component is increasing in importance. However, classic optimization methods, such as mixed integer programming, have been those most commonly resorted to, although the employment of multi-criteria techniques such as goal programming and analytic hierarchical process have strongly emerged in recent years.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":90068301,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2787477610","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1590\/1678-992X-2016-0479","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose: The objective of this article is the identification of SMEs' business environment factors affecting success during a pandemic. Design\/Methodology\/Approach: The research was based on a deductive approach and was conducted in the first months of the pandemic in 2020 in the Lower Silesia. The research technique used GOOGLE electronic survey questionnaire and the collected data were statistically processed (SPSS). Nonparametric tests were used to analyze the data. Findings: The results of the collected data confirmed the previous literature analysis conducted in the theoretical part of the paper. The verification of the research hypotheses on the assumptions of the influence of the environment on the success of enterprises during pandemmic did not confirm what may be the reason for the initial shock of the market and the lack of preparation of entrepreneurs for the new economic reality during pandemic. The verification of the specific hypotheses showed that the empirical approach adopted coincided with the conceptual approach formed based on the theoretical analysis of the literature on the subject. Practical Implications: The analysis of the results is partially consistent with the literature studies on the impact of the environment on micro and small enterprises conducted before the pandemic. Nevertheless, the assumptions made at the stage of selecting the research sample, allow to formulate a thesis about the broader universality of the confirmed regularities, which should be confirmed in extended research. Originality\/value: The paper describes the diagnosed competence gap in the area of SMEs management in the current economic conditions of the pandemic. Which is an extremely complicated task due to the lack of precedents giving guidance to enterprises resulting from history and literature on the subject. In view of this, the identification of environmental factors leading to the maintenance of success in such unusual conditions is a desirable goal to achieve in scientific and practical aspects.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":236624985,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3163358777","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.35808\/ERSJ\/2134","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The conventional method of teaching is most common in Nigeria and researchers have shown that this method has led to poor performance of students in Biology and in other subjects. Researchers have been able to ascertain that students will learn best when they participate in the teaching-learning process. This study examined the effects of Computer simulation and jigsaw technique on the performance of senior secondary school students in Biology in Minna metropolis, Niger state. The study also investigated gender differences in the performance of Male and Female students in Biology. The sample used consists of seventy-eight (78) Senior Secondary (SSII) Biology students. Twenty-six (26) students consisting of thirteen (13) males and thirteen (13) females were randomly selected from each school. The schools were randomly assigned to Experimental group 1, Experimental group 2 and Control group. Experimental group 1 (n=26) was treated with jigsaw technique, experimental group 2 (n=26) was treated with computer simulation, while the control group (n=26) was treated with convectional teaching method. Quasi-experimental design employing pre-test, treatment and post-test was adopted. The test instrument used for the study was a twenty (20) multiple-choice Biology Achievement Test (BAT) questions. The test had a reliability index of 0.72 determined using split- half reliability approach.\u00a0 The data collected were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), t-test, mean, standard deviation and mean gains. Three null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. Treatments used had significant effects on students' Post-test achievement score. Students exposed to Computer simulation and jigsaw technique performed better than their counterparts who were taught with conventional teaching method (F=8.811, df=2, 75 P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the performance of the Male and Female students taught with both Computer simulation and jigsaw technique. Based on the findings, it was recommended, among others, that biology teachers should adopt computer simulation technique and jigsaw technique in teaching Biology concepts in view of its high facilitative effect on students' performance","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":215937879,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2993205828","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Social media has become one of major sources of news. As information overload prevails, news organizations need to form social media strategies to reach news readers' limited attention (Lanham, 2006; Anderson & de Palma, 2013). This study aims to investigate one of news organizations' potential strategies \u2013 paraphrasing a news story on a social media post. \nPrevious literature on the choice of news headlines found that commercial news media relying on advertising for their revenue tend to frame their news story as sensational in its headline (Reah 1998; Molek-Kozakowska, 2013). Similarly, recent studies on search engine optimization (SEO) show that news media carefully choose titles and keywords tagged in URL and HTML to maximize chances for their stories to be searched online monitoring their competitors (Dick, 2011). If these strategies are effective, news organizations are likely to adopt a similar strategy on social media. In particular, they may paraphrase their news information to make it: \n(a) concise enough to fit into a text limit on a social media platform, \n(b) informative enough to signal news content, \n(c) and appealing to the news demand. \nThis strategy can influence news readers' perception of a news topic because news consumption via social media tends to be relatively instant and less-lasting (Mitchell, Jurkowitz & Olmstead, 2014). Many news readers may learn about a news topic from a social media post rather than an original news story, as they used to do with headlines and leads of traditional news (Andrew, 2007). This implies that how news organizations paraphrase news for social media may frame news readers' perception of a public issue. \nTo reveal news organizations' paraphrasing strategy, I apply computational information retrieval and text analysis methods. Previous studies based on hand-coding approaches often analyze only social media posts (Newman, 2011) due to the large amount of data from social media posts themselves, original news articles and relationships between the two. This approach targets only information after paraphrasing, but does not allow for looking at how the paraphrase is related to the original text. Instead, I crawled news articles from 117 news organizations' websites and their official Twitter accounts for a week (Feb 27, 2017\u2013Mar 5, 2017), which amount to 13,773 news stories and 61,219 tweets. Also, I could identify news articles shared in each social media post matching URLs from an article and from a tweet. \nI analyze how news organizations paraphrase their news articles by looking at which word in an original text is likely to make it on a social media post. This task can be carried out by discriminating words algorithms such as Logistic Lasso regression (Mitra & Gilbert, 2014) or Multinomial Inverse regression (Taddy, 2013) recently developed in statistics and machine learning fields. Unlike popular dictionary methods such as LIWC, these algorithms allow for words likely to be in a social media post to emerge as an outcome of the empirical analysis without pre-assigning psychological meanings to dictionary words.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":150445111,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2999019264","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"AIM: To examine clinical efficiency and safety of moderate hydrogen sulfide (HS) baths in the treatment of hypertensive patients living in arid zones. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty patients with stable essential hypertension (EH) of stage I-II according to WHO classification living in arid climate took sparing HS baths. Efficiency of the baths was assessed by changes in blood pressure (BP), 24-h monitoring of BP. RESULTS: It is shown that systolic and diastolic BP after HS balneotherapy fell significantly both in daytime and at night. The 24-h profile of BP improved, heart rate decreased by 4.3%, physiological fluctuations of BP and BP variability were not damaged. CONCLUSION: Moderate HS baths are recommended for wider use in a hot climate of the arid zone as an effective and safe method of balneotherapy which can be adjuvant to basic medication of EH.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":57459765,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2409548600","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The authors show that quasimaximum likelihood (QML) estimators for conditional dispersion models can be severely affected by a small number of outliers such as market crashes and rallies, and they propose new estimation strategies (the two-stage Hampel estimators and two-stage S-estimators) resistant to the effects of outliers and study the properties of these estimators. They apply their methods to estimate models of the conditional volatility of the daily returns of the S&P 500 Cash Index series. In contrast to QML estimators, the authors' proposed method resists outliers, revealing an informative new picture of volatility dynamics during 'typical' daily market activity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":154986469,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2042357313","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/2998574","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper explores the relationship between the past and the present through narratives of service inthe Second World War, focusing in particular on the concepts of the People's War and patriotism. It is based on interviews conducted by the author predominantly at the turn of this century and focused on the period between 1940 and 1944. It reveals how the powerful wartime motifs of being 'all in it together' and 'doing your bit' supported composure by supplying a narrative framework shared and readily understood by both interview partners, and one which finds little contestation in other public arenas. 'Patriotism', however, proved a term more likely to provoke discomposure. When the connotations of the vocabulary of the past bear little relation to those of the present, the aspects of experience which they describe have to be reframed. Discomposure has been viewed as evidence of the power of public discourse in silencing memories: this paper argues that it signals the experience of disjuncture and invites further investigation if the interviewer is alert to its implications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":155267573,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2292927935","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Metal nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized by metal\u2013organic frameworks (MOFs) are very promising for catalysis, while reports on their cooperative catalysis for a cascade reaction have been very rare. In this work, Pd NPs incorporated into a MOF, MIL-101, have jointly completed a tandem reaction on the basis of MOF Lewis acidity and Pd NPs. Subsequently, ultrafine PdAg alloy NPs (\u223c1.5 nm) have been encapsulated into MIL-101. The obtained multifunctional PdAg@MIL-101 exhibits good catalytic activity and selectivity in cascade reactions under mild conditions, on the basis of the combination of host\u2013guest cooperation and bimetallic synergy, where MIL-101 affords Lewis acidity and Pd offers hydrogenation activity while Ag greatly improves selectivity to the target product. As far as we know, this is the first work on bimetallic NP@MOFs as multifunctional catalysts with multiple active sites (MOF acidity and bimetallic species) that exert respective functions and cooperatively catalyze a one-pot cascade reaction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":101949421,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2327433125","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/CS501953D","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Large international audit firms are increasingly expanding their activities around the world and increasingly promoting the concept of a similar quality audit to be performed by all their worldwide offices and member firms. This strategy includes developing and using a similar audit approach globally. This study surveys the views of Jordanian auditors, mainly from audit firms with international affiliations, about how such an international approach, with emphasis on the currently popular business risk approach, is applied in practice by Jordanian audit firms and how appropriate and practical the application of such an international approach to auditing is in different contexts. The results of the study show that the business risk approach has been generally adopted by the larger Jordanian audit firms to varying extents, especially those which are full members of an international audit firm network. However, audit clients in Jordan face too many business risks, especially because of poor control systems, poor corporate governance structures, and unclear or non-existent corporate strategies and objectives. These risks have to be addressed by the business risk approach under very low audit fees. Such factors have led to the business risk approach not being applied in the way that the large international audit firms intended, and not achieving the approach's main objectives, leaving the audit profession with the question of how appropriate it is to adopt an international audit approach in different contexts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":155039308,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2053398727","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1099-1123.2009.00400.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper introduces and discusses a comprehensive valuation model, developed for the Shyman (Sustainable Hydrothermal Manufacturing of Nanomaterials) project, which researched and implemented new technologies in nanomaterial production and application. Combining various analytical methods, including a recursive form of life cycle costing (LCC), as well as statistical simulation (Monte Carlo) and real options, a high Net Advantage to Innovating (NAI) has been identified in the industry. This result is strongly biased in favour of end-product innovators. Nevertheless, the hydrothermal synthesis-based nanomaterial production process benefits from its high degree of flexibility, i.e.\u00a0option to switch, with a significant value premium arising due to outsize dynamics and uncertainty in the nanoindustry. More generally, this research contributes to the highly current topic of quantitative value-based analysis in innovative industries and develops a viable methodology that can facilitate capital budgeting decisions related to innovations. DOI: http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.5755\/j01.ee.28.5.16770","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":158149222,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2777995377","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5755\/J01.EE.28.5.16770","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Incomplete human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a public health concern. The objective of this study was to examine the correlates of vaccine series completion among 18\u201326 year old US women using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. Using BRFSS data collected during 2008\u20132010, we conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis to examine the correlates of HPV vaccine completion among HPV vaccine initiators. Among 656 women (18\u201326 years old) who initiated the HPV vaccine, the overall weighted vaccine series completion rate was 60.7%. It was 32.9%, 65.3%, and 69.9% in 2008, 2009, and 2010, respectively. Black and Hispanic women were less likely to complete the series compared with white women. Higher income, having a college degree and completion of the study in a more recent year were associated with higher completion rates. Thus, the reasons for HPV series non-completion may be multifactorial. Interventions targeting 18\u201326 year old female vaccine initiators with low income and education, and minority backgrounds may improve HPV vaccine series completion.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":33399706,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2080236409","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4161\/hv.29633","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.4161\/hv.29633?needAccess=true","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Let G be a graph with vertex set V and a distribution of pebbles on the vertices of V . A pebbling move consists of removing two pebbles from a vertex and placing one pebble on a neighboring vertex, and a rubbling move consists of removing a pebble from each of two neighbors of a vertex v and placing a pebble on v. We seek an initial placement of a minimum total number of pebbles on the vertices in V , so that no vertex receives more than one pebble and for any given vertex v \u2208 V , it is possible, by a sequence of pebbling and rubbling moves, to move at least one pebble to v. This minimum number of pebbles is the 1-restricted optimal rubbling number. We determine the 1-restricted optimal rubbling numbers for Cartesian products. We also present bounds on the 1-restricted optimal rubbling number. Full PDF","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":197640632,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper describes the development of a distributed environment for spaceport simulation modeling. This distributed environment is the result of the applications of the High-Level Architecture (HLA) and integration frameworks based on software agents and XML. This distributed environment is called the Virtual Test Bed (VTB). A distributed environment is needed due to the nature of the different models needed to represent a spaceport. This paper provides two case studies: one related to the translation of a model from its native environment and the other one related to the integration of real-time weather.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":62327745,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2265644797","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4271\/2004-01-3094","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Active power filter (APF) based on voltage source inverter (VSI) is one of the important measures to deal with the power quality problem. Mathematically, the APF model in a power grid is a typical nonlinear one. The idea of passivity is a powerful tool to study the stabilization of such a nonlinear system. In this paper, a state-space model of the four-leg APF is derived, based on which a new \u221e H controller for current tracking is proposed from the passivity point of view. It can achieve not only asymptotic tracking, but also disturbance attenuation in the sense of L2-gain. Subsequently, a sufficient condition to guarantee the boundedness and desired mean of the DC voltage is also given. This straightforward condition is consistent with the power-balancing law of electrical circuits. Simulation and experimental results verify the validity of the new approach.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":110556249,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2189212619","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nanostructured implant materials are considered as promising future biomaterials. Specifically, titanium based nanomaterial is the mostly used implant materials in orthopedic, dental and vascular surgeries. Due to the advantage of nanoscale features, treatment with nano porous and nano bump surface features have shown enhanced biocompatibilities, such as adhesion, proliferation and differentiation for bone and vascular cells. In addition, nanotoxicity issue with immune cells (macrophages) is currently paramount interest for determining subsequent tissue cellular response on implanted biomaterials. In this review, we demonstrated altered cellular interaction of bone, vascular cells on nanostructured titanium based alloys\/materials through systematic controlling of nanoscale surface features, such as porosity and nanobumps. All this knowledge will be beneficial for both understanding and designing nanostructured biomaterials for increasing biocompatibility, thus, all these endeavors will lead increment of functionality of biomaterials and will eventually prolong the life time of implanted biomaterials.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137594645,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2041704666","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.654-656.2053","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Computer-based assessments usually generate a percentage mark. It is not self-evident how this relates to the final percentage mark or final grade for the work since this depends on (i) its relationship to the \"baseline\" mark expected for someone who only guesses, (ii) to the \"expectations\" for the piece of work in relation to the learning objectives and (iii) the grading scheme employed. For some question types it is possible to allow for guessing within the marking scheme for the question using negative marking but in general it is preferable to correct for guessing within a post-test grading scheme that allows for guessing. The relationship between the assessment learning objectives and essays where choice is available and topics can be avoided compared with computer-based assessments where no choice is available and topics cannot be avoided is considered. It is concluded that commonly maximum performance should not be set at a mark of 100% but that an allowance should be made for the maximum expected performance based on the learning objectives. The use of formulae in a spreadsheet to convert the marks into grades based on a statistical allowance for guessing or additionally allowing for the maximum expected mark is demonstrated. A spreadsheet pro forma containing all of the formulae for adjusting marks and determining grades can be obtained by selecting \"Grading\" from the menu at http:\/\/students.luton.ac.uk\/biology\/webol\/.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":141945504,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"570202679","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Social policy toward old people in Poland \u2014 conditions, development and directions of changesSocial policy shapes people's living conditions. In the era of dynamic demographic changes, especially the aging of the population observed in Poland and across the world, the activity of the state focused on improving the quality of life of the elderly is particularly important. Population aging is a demographic process of increasing the proportion of older people while reducing the proportion of children in the society of a given country. Elderly people will continue to be a part of society, mainly due to the progress of civilization, advances in modern medicine and the popularization of so-called healthy living.Social policy toward the elderly should not be limited to managing the social security system and social welfare. Eff ective use of human and social capital of the elderly will be a growing challenge for this policy, and for senior citizens \u2014 spending satisfactorily the last years of one's life. However, for some senior citizens, old age means or will mean poverty and living on the margins of civil society. The Ministry of Family, Labor and Social Polic y is responsible for the social policy of people in Poland, off ering for example in the years 2014\u20132020 to senior citizens such programs as \"Senior +\", the Government Program for Social Activity of the Elderly ASOS or \"Care 75+.\" Each of the above programs have appropriate criteria that must be met to be able to use them. Are older people eager to use them, or are the eff ects of these programs already visible? This study will attempt to answer the above questions. The main purpose of the article is to diagnose and analyze selected government programs targeted at older people. In addition, perspectives for changes in social policy toward older people in Poland will be determined.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":216518454,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3012064317","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.19195\/2658-1310.25.4.5","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19195\/2658-1310.25.4.5","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Oxidation is a double-edged sword for cellular processes and its role in normal physiology, cancer and aging remains only partially understood. Although oxidative stress may disrupt biological function, oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions in a cell are often tightly regulated and play essential physiological roles. Cysteines lie at the interface between these extremes since the chemical properties that make specific thiols exquisitely redox-sensitive also predispose them to oxidative damage by reactive oxygen or nitrogen species during stress. Thus, these modifications can be either under reversible redox regulatory control or, alternatively, a result of reversible or irreversible oxidative damage. In either case, it has become increasingly important to assess the redox status of protein thiols since these modifications often impact such processes as catalytic activity, conformational alterations, or metal binding. To better understand the redox changes that accompany protein cysteine residues in complex biological systems, new experimental approaches have been developed to identify and characterize specific thiol modifications and\/or changes in their overall redox status. In this review, we describe the recent technologies in redox proteomics that have pushed the boundaries for detecting and quantifying redox cysteine modifications in a cellular context. While there is no one-size-fits-all analytical solution, we highlight the rationale, strengths, and limitations of each technology in order to effectively apply them to specific biological questions. Several technological limitations still remain unsolved, however these approaches and future developments play an important role toward understanding the interplay between oxidative stress and redox signaling in health and disease.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":30079746,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2142805285","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1074\/mcp.R111.013037","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents a new trajectory-based approach for probabilistic temporal segmentation of team sports. The probabilistic game model is applied to the player-trajectory data in order to segment individual game instants into one of the three game phases (offensive game, defensive game and time-outs) and a nonlinear or Gaussian smoothing kernel is used to enforce the temporal continuity of the game. The presented approach is compared to the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier on three basketball and three handball matches. The obtained results suggest that our approach is general and robust and as such could be applied to various team sports. It can handle unusual game situations such as player exclusions, substitution or injuries which may happen during the game.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":4951948,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2183174102","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Since complexity, accuracy and fluency (CAF) have been suggested as measures of language development (Larsen-Freeman, 1978), a heated debate has surrounded the issue of whether they can sufficiently capture the multi-dimensional facets of language proficiency and be reliable indices of language proficiency levels. Contributing to this debate, the present study investigates the correlation between L3 English proficiency and CAF measures in writing. It recruits 88 semester-one 2 nd year Baccalaureate students who were divided into nine groups of general proficiency using the 9-point Stanine scale based on their scores in a general English proficiency test. The scores for the proficiency test were obtained based on the holistic scoring method. We, then, assigned the participants a writing task which we evaluated in terms of CAF. We used the number of dependent clauses per T-unit to measure complexity, the ratio of error-free T-units to the total number of T-units to measure accuracy and number of words per minute to measure fluency. The results showed a strong correlation between proficiency levels and CAF measures, thereby proving that CAF measures serve as a framework suitable for benchmarking language proficiency development. In light of the results, some implications are made for future research targeting language development.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":55007229,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2770921935","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.32601\/EJAL.460961","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"\"STEAM education,\" with its addition of \"arts\" to STEM subjects, is a complex and contested concept. On the one hand, STEAM builds upon the economic drivers that characterize STEM: an alignment of disciplinary areas that allegedly have the greatest impact on a developed country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). On the other hand, the addition of the arts may point to the recovery of educational aims and purposes that exceed economic growth: for example, by embracing social inclusion, community participation, or sustainability agendas. Central to understanding the different educational opportunities offered by STEAM is the interrogation of the role\u2014and status\u2014of the arts in relation to STEM subjects. The term \"art\" or \"arts\" may refer, for example, to the arts as realms\/domains of knowledge, such as the humanities and social science disciplines, or to different ways of knowing and experiencing the world enabled by specific art forms, practices, or even pedagogies. In the face of such variety and possibilities, STEAM is a portmanteau term, hosting approaches that originate from different reconfigurations or iterative reconfiguring of disciplinary relationships. A critical discussion of the term \"STEAM\" will thus require an analysis of published literature alongside a review and discussion of ongoing practices in multiple field(s), which are shaped by and respond to a variety of policy directions and cultural traditions. The outcome is a multilayered and textured account of the limitations and possibilities for and relational understandings of STEAM education.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":201552444,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2965771952","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This book explores the life and thought of one of the most important but least known figures in early Zionism, Nathan Birnbaum. Now remembered mainly for his coinage of the word \"Zionism,\" Birnbaum was a towering figure in early Jewish nationalism. Because of his unusual intellectual trajectory, however, he has been written out of Jewish history. In the middle of his life, in the depth of World War I, Birnbaum left his venerable position as a secular Jewish nationalist for religious Orthodoxy, an unheard of decision in his time. To the dismay of his former colleagues, he adopted a life of strict religiosity and was embraced as a leader in the young, growing world of Orthodox political activism in the interwar period, one of the most successful and powerful movements in interwar central and eastern Europe. Jess Olson brings to light documents from one of the most complete archives of Jewish nationalism, the Nathan and Solomon Birnbaum Family Archives, including materials previously unknown in the study of Zionism, Yiddish-based Jewish nationalism, and the history of Orthodoxy. This book is an important meditation on the complexities of Jewish political and intellectual life in the most tumultuous period of European Jewish history, especially of the interplay of national, political, and religious identity in the life of one of its most fascinating figures.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":160266543,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"574034074","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study compared four item-selection procedures developed for use with severely constrained computerized adaptive tests (CATs). Severely constrained CATs refer to those adaptive tests that seek to meet a complex set of constraints that are often not conclusive to each other (i.e., an item may contribute to the satisfaction of several constraints at the same time). The procedures examined in the study included the weighted deviation model (WDM), the weighted penalty model (WPM), the maximum priority index (MPI), and the shadow test approach (STA). In addition, two modified versions of the MPI procedure were introduced to deal with an edge case condition that results in the item selection procedure becoming dysfunctional during a test. The results suggest that the STA worked best among all candidate methods in terms of measurement accuracy and constraint management. For the other three heuristic approaches, they did not differ significantly in measurement accuracy and constraint management at the lower bound level. However, the WPM method appears to perform considerably better in overall constraint management than either the WDM or MPI method. Limitations and future research directions were also discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":53972325,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2085743919","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0013164413517503","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study combines census, survey and bio-physical data to generate spatially disaggregated poverty\/biomass information for rural Uganda. It makes a methodological contribution to small area welfare estimation by exploring how the inclusion of bio-physical information improves small area welfare estimates. By combining the generated poverty estimates with national bio-physical data, this study explores the contemporaneous correlation between poverty (welfare) and natural resource degradation at a level of geographic detail that has not been feasible previously. The resulting estimates of poverty measures were improved by the inclusion of bio-physical information and the poverty estimates appear to be more robust, as the standard errors show a decline of up to 40 percent in some cases. The coefficients of variation (i.e., the ratio of the standard error and the point estimate) decline in general as well. Overall, we conclude that the estimates of the poverty measures are more robust when bio-physical information is taken into account. One of the outputs of this study is a series of maps showing poverty and biomass overlays for Uganda. These maps can be used as a planning tool and for targeting purposes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":55556961,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1490819696","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.849284","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/www.afdb.org\/fileadmin\/uploads\/afdb\/Documents\/Publications\/African.Statistical.Journal_Vol3_2.Articles_7.WelfareEnvironmentRuralUganda.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We report that an asymmetric bent dimer, consisting of a rod mesogen and a cholesterol mesogen linked by a flexible spacer with 9 carbon atoms, was found to form blue phases with a record-wide temperature range. Moreover, highly stable, fast electro-optic switching is possible. In addition to the stable Kerr effect, the electrostriction effect was also observed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":122303176,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2088263127","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1364\/OME.4.000662","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For a layered medium, the seismic velocity model can be vertically heterogeneous within the layers. The traveltime parameters estimated from each reflection must be converted into layer traveltime parameters by using the layer-stripping method. The layer traveltime parameters must be inverted into layer velocity model parameters. Interpretation or inversion of layer traveltime parameters depends on the chosen velocity model within the layer. Different or kinematically equivalent velocity distributions can result in the same traveltime parameters. The inversion problem for traveltime parameters is strongly nonunique even if they are estimated accurately. To evaluate the accuracy of a velocity model, one can choose the phase for the two-way propagator. The discrepancy in this phase factor between the kinematically equivalent velocity models depends on the number of traveltime parameters estimated and increases with spatial frequency. By estimating two traveltime parameters, we approximately preserve the average velocity, regardless of the complexity of the vertically heterogeneous model. By estimating three traveltime parameters, we approximately preserve the average velocity gradient.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":209164499,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"There is a current gap in the literature exploring the relationship between lifelong learning and student engagement. There is little evidence of how the contemporary mainstream measures and norms of student engagement underpinning the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) relate to, or are predictive of, preparedness for lifelong learning. Nevertheless, several assumptions about this relationship prevail in the literature and in institutional policy. This paper reviews representative research, critically examining the findings and setting out an alternative model of student engagement. Emerging constructs for student engagement and how they may apply to lifelong learning are presented. The primacy of behavioural models of student engagement is challenged, seeking to redress the balance between behavioural and affective aspects of engagement and its measurement. Taking a more critically reflective and personal approach to exploring engagement and lifelong learning with key stakeholders may impact more on individual and department consciousness than the application of closed, aggregated cross-sectional behavioural survey instruments such as the NSSE. This paper explores the current landscape of student engagement: its models, measures and some of the rather limited evidence on the relationship between engagement and lifelong learning. It is concluded that there is a need to develop further research and theses around the relationship between undergraduate student engagement and preparation for lifelong learning.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":155977976,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2301528194","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVEChronic pituitary dysfunction is increasingly recognized as a sequela of traumatic brain injury. We sought to define the incidence, risk factors, and neurobehavioral consequences of chronic hormonal deficiencies after complicated mild, moderate, or severe traumatic brain injury. METHODSPatients aged 14 to 80 years were prospectively enrolled at the time of injury and assessed at 3 and 6 to 9 months after injury for hormonal function and neurobehavioral consequences. Major and minor (subclinical) hormonal deficiencies, including growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and growth hormone insufficiency (GHI), were identified. Acute injury characteristics, neurobehavioral, and quality of life measures were compared in patients with and without major hormonal deficits by the use of multivariate analysis. RESULTSOut of 70 patients (mean age, 32 yr; median Glasgow Coma Scale score, 7; 19% women) tested at 6 to 9 months after injury, 15 (21%) had at least one major hormonal deficiency, 20 (29%) had minor deficiencies, and 30 (43%) had major and\/or minor deficiencies. Patients with major deficiencies included 16% with GHD or GHI, 10.5% with hypogonadism, and 1.4% with diabetes insipidus. None of the patients required adrenal or thyroid replacement. At 6 to 9 months after injury, patients with major hormonal deficits had more abnormal acute computed tomographic findings (P = 0.014), greater acute and chronic body mass index (P < 0.01), and a worse Disability Rating Scale score (multivariate P = 0.04). Compared with the 59 growth hormone-sufficient patients, the 11 patients with GHD or GHI had worse Disability Rating Scale scores (multivariate P = 0.04), greater rates of depression, (90 versus 53%; multivariate P = 0.06), and worse quality of life in the Short Form-36 domains of energy and fatigue (multivariate P = 0.03), emotional well-being (multivariate P = 0.02), and general health (multivariate P = 0.07). CONCLUSIONChronic hypopituitarism warranting hormone replacement occurs in approximately 20% of patients after complicated mild, moderate, or severe traumatic brain injury and is associated with more severe brain injuries and increased disability. GHD and GHI are also associated with increased disability, poor quality of life, and a greater likelihood of depression. The clinical significance of minor hormonal deficits, which occur in almost 30% of patients, warrants further study. Given that major deficiencies are readily treatable, routine pituitary hormonal testing within 6 months of injury is indicated for this patient population.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":24710139,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2048610441","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000313577.16309.CD","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Tamil Dependency Treebank version 0.1 (TamilTB.v0.1) is an attempt to develop a syntactically annotated corpora for Tamil. TamilTB.v0.1 contains 600 sentences enriched with manual annotation of morphology and dependency syntax in the style of Prague Dependency Treebank. TamilTB.v0.1 has been created at the Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics, Charles University in Prague.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":64079750,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2589662279","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Present work investigates the wear resistance of SAE 52100 steel coated with nanocoating Al2O3 by the Metal-organic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) process. The wear tests by sliding and abrasion were performed in a ball-on-disc apparatus whose ball substrate was SAE 52100 steel. The MOCVD nanocoating processes were carried out in a research laboratory apparatus at 240oC under N2 + O2+ H2O atmosphere. The counterface discs were ABNT 1008 steel sheet used in the Brazilian fridge industry. The wear resistance of the nanocoated steel spheres were evaluated through the ball-on-disc test, using a sliding velocity 0.6 m\/s, normal loads of 20 N and 30 N, total sliding distance up to 2400 m and controlled conditions of temperature and humidity at 25oC and 42% respectively. The balls material substrates were submitted to two distinct coating procedures: direct Al2O3 film deposition on substrate, or phosphatizing and then Al2O3 deposition via MOCVD. The discs were tested as received. From the plotted graphs of cumulative lost volume versus sliding distance, lower wear rates were observed for the nanocoated SAE 52100 sphere compared to the sphere without coating, i.e., nanocoating with Al2O3 increases the sphere wear resistance. This is probably due to a reasonable film adhesion. The balls phosphatized and coated with Al2O3 showed similar wear resistance but a spherical micro-grain film of Al2O3 . The wear mechanisms were also examined by scanning electron microscopy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":135584249,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2079992922","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AST.45.1336","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background In recent years, resistance of K pneumoniae E coli, and strains of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones has been increasing. To avoid antibiotic resistance, it is necessary to reserve carbapenems and fluoroquinolones for those situations where there is no therapeutic alternative, as they are a weapon that can play a decisive role in the fight against healthcare associated infections. Purpose To analyse antibiotic prescriptions in hospital wards to reduce consumption and duration of antibiotic therapy in hospitals; and to develop strategies to minimise errors found in the prescription of antibiotics Material and methods Selection of cases through prescription analysis: \u2013 all antibiotic prescriptions. Data collection and recording in the database: \u2013 antibiotic prescriptions; \u2013 clinical Information; \u2013 laboratory analyses (C reactive protein, procalcitonin, antimicrobial susceptibility test); \u2013 pharmaceutical report; \u2013 if the pharmaceutical report is unfavourable, the prescribing physician will be contacted; \u2013 infectious disease specialist report. Data analysis to develop strategies that promote the rational use of antibiotics. Results 331 antibiotic prescriptions were analysed: 48% were accepted, 28% were accepted when the laboratory results were available, 14% were suspended and 10% had to be changed to another antibiotic. Of the total antibiotic prescriptions, 11% were quinolones and 6% were carbapenems. About 18% of antibiotic prescriptions had a longer duration than the therapeutic indication. Of all antibiotic prescriptions, 59% had negative blood cultures. Conclusion The role of the hospital pharmacist is essential in the coordination of various players: infectious disease services, pharmaceutical services and pathology laboratory. The need to implement stop orders as a tool in antibiotic prescriptions was identified, as was the need to monitor prescriptions with negative blood culture results. More than 50% of all antibiotic prescriptions reviewed were questionable, which reveals the need for monitoring of antibiotic prescriptions by a multidisciplinary team. References and\/or Acknowledgements Antimicrobial resistance: global report on surveillance 2014. Geneva: World Health Organisation; 2014 (http:\/\/www.who.int\/drugresistance\/documents\/surveillancereport\/en\/) or monitoring of antibiotic prescriptions by a multidisciplinary team. No conflict of interest.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":77134536,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2411362908","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/ejhpharm-2016-000875.135","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The hypothesis assumed was the existence of biotypes within populations, which has been the cause of difficulties in itchgrass control by farmers. For that, the genetic variability of three populations of Rottboellia cochinchinensis in sugarcane fields in the state of S\u00e3o Paulo was investigated by using the Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) technique. Six primers were used to obtain molecular characterization data. AFLP gels were analyzed based on marker presence (1) and absence (0). Using NTSYs (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) software, the genetic similarity was calculated by the Jaccard coefficient and, from that, a dendrogram was built through the UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method Arithmetic averages) method, besides determining the isopolymorphic marks. The average genetic similarities seen in the region was 0.742 for Igarapava, 0.793 for Mococa and 0.808 for Piracicaba. Between regions it was 0.730 (Igarapava vs Mococa), 0.735 (Mococa vs Piracicaba) and 0.694 (Igarapava vs Piracicaba). In line with the dendrogram, it is possible to detect the formation of two groups, one with 8 plants from Igarapava and Mococa and the other with 21 plants from Igarapava, Mococa and Piracicaba, as well as the presence of 1 discriminant individual from Piracicaba. It can be concluded that the genetic similarity among itchgrass populations from the state of S\u00e3o Paulo was high (72%), which denotes that the difficulties in chemical management are not only due to different biotypes but also due to other characteristics linked to tolerance of the species to herbicides. However, biotype existence cannot be discarded because of the polymorphic marks generating 22% average genetic variability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":208365425,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The physiological and psychological effects of stress can be detrimental to the health and well-being of a college student. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceived stress levels of nursing students and compare those to the perceived stress levels of engineering and education students. This quantitative study consisted of approximately 76 students between the ages of 18-39 attending Carroll College and enrolled in 300 level courses in the nursing, education, and engineering programs (39 nursing, 21 education, and 16 engineering students). The study consisted of 16 male and 60 female participants of different races. The Perceived Stress Scale-10 was utilized to measure the students' perceived stress levels. Results from the study were shown to be statistically significant with a p-value less than .05, with nursing students demonstrating higher perceived stress levels than education and engineering students. Future research includes implementing stress reduction strategies to decrease stress levels in the nursing program.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":170076266,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2965891946","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction: Pregnancy related acute kidney injury (PRAKI) is a clinical syndrome characterised by a rapid decline in glomerular filteration rate occuring during pregnancy or puerperium. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality. We investigated the clinical presentation, management and outcome of PRAKI in our hospital. \nMethods: A retrospective review of all women admitted into Ahmad Sani Yariman Bakura Specialist Hospital with PRAKI from June 2013 to May 2016 was conducted with emphasis on clinical profile, management and outcome. \nResults: Over the period of 3 years, 26 women with PRAKI were found with age ranging from 17 to 35 years, 12(46%) were from obstetrics haemorrhage; 4(15.4%) puerperal sepsis; 6(23.1%) preeclampsia\/eclampsia; 2(7.7%) acute pyelonephritis and 2(7.7%) from hyperemesis gravidarum. Most of the cases 20(77%) occurred in third trimester and puerperium, 4(15.3%) in first trimester and 2(7.7%) in second trimester. The mean serum urea and creatinine at presentation were 27.5mmol\/L and 463umol\/L respectively. \nSeven patients had dialysis (26.9%) out of which 4(15.4%) had complete recovery, 2 (7.6%) died and 1(3.8%) was dialysis dependent. The indications for dialysis were persistent oliguria\/anuria in 3(43%), pulmonary oedema with severe metabolic acidosis in 2(28.5%) and uraemic encephalopathy in 2(28.5%). Number of sessions ranged from 3 to 6. \nThe remaining 19 cases (73%) were managed conservatively with complete recovery in 13(68.4%) and mortality in 6(31.6%). The maternal mortality of 30.8% from PRAKI was observed. \nConclusion: PRAKI remains an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in our environment. There is need to improve our obstetric care to prevent this menace.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":62814406,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2800736302","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Osteoprotegerin (OPG) regulates bone mass by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and activation, and plays a role in vascular calcification. We evaluated the relationship between osteoprotegerin levels and inflammatory markers, atherosclerosis, and mortality in patients with stages 3-5 chronic kidney disease. A total of 145 subjects (median age 61 years, 61% men; 36 patients on hemodialysis, 55 patients on peritoneal dialysis, and 54 patients with stages 3-5 chronic kidney disease) were studied. Clinical characteristics, markers of mineral metabolism (including fibroblast growth factor-23 [FGF-23]) and inflammation (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP] and interleukin-6 [IL-6]), and the intima-media thickness (IMT) in the common carotid arteries were measured at baseline. Cardiac function was assessed by color tissue Doppler echocardiography. After 36 months follow-up, the survival rate by Kaplan-Meier analysis was significantly different according to OPG levels (\u03c7 2=14.33; P=0.002). Increased OPG levels were positively associated with IL-6 (r=0.38, P<0.001), FGF-23 (r=0.26, P<0.001) and hsCRP (r=0.0.24, P=0.003). In addition, OPG was positively associated with troponin I (r=0.54, P<0.001) and IMT (r=0.39, P<0.0001). Finally, in Cox analysis, only OPG (HR=1.07, 95%CI=1.02-1.13) and hsCRP (HR=1.02, 95%CI=1.01-1.04) were independently associated with increased risk of death. These results suggested that elevated levels of serum OPG might be associated with atherosclerosis and all-cause mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":18960990,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1975573589","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1590\/1414-431X20144007","PubMedCentral":"4230291","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The former Senate Majority Leader focuses on the lives of Karl Marx, Franklin Roosevelt, and Mikhail Gorbachev to show why our democratic system has consistently succeeded in meeting the challenges of our times while the Communist system failed. Senator Mitchell illuminates broad themes by drawing parallels between events in America and those abroad - Hitler seized absolute power, for instance, just two days before FDR's inauguration. At the same time, he gives his narrative rare immediacy with anecdotes from a career that involved close cooperation with four presidents and face-to-face meetings with world leaders, including Gorbachev himself. Blending personal experience with global perspective, Not for America Alone offers provocative new insight into strengths that have not only sustained America in the past, but can also guide us into the future.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":152656367,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"636382849","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/20048288","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"More than 25 million children visit annually the emergency department (ED) in Europe. The number of ED attendance, short stay-hospital admittances and children with minor problems is increasing. Are the current models for emergency care failing to meet the community needs? The challenge remains to prioritise and identify the potential severely ill child from the majority of children with self-limiting diseases. Delayed recognition and treatment of potential life threatening diseases may have disastrous implications. Triage aims to manage patient flow safely at the emergency department and to ensure that patients, who need direct medical attention, are correctly identified and treated. The Manchester triage is an algorithm based on 52 flowcharts for specific presenting problems and discriminators indicate one of the five urgency categories. The system was first validated and modified for children at the emergency department in the Sophia Children's Hospital. The modified MTS improved correct triage in different European emergency departments. The next step is the clinical evaluation; the febrile child is the most common presentation. The predictive value of alarming signs of the NICE traffic light system and vital signs only had moderate predictive value for serious illnesses. The combination of alarming signs and CRP had good predictive value and this \"feverkidstool\" (www.erasmusmc.nl\/feverkidstool) can be easily applied in practice. Signs and symptoms could change in time and therefore safety netting is needed if the patient does not have a final diagnosis or a risk for complications. Risk factors for revisits and safety netting strategies are discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":76191499,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2314858529","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/ARCHDISCHILD-2014-307384.63","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract The Oudlajan revitalization project proposed in the article, relates to both its contemporary needs and its potential. In its idea, the project uses the Iranian tradition of 'hangout' and refers to current trends in spending leisure time as well as shaping (designing) inclusive urban space. In terms of purpose, the project presented is applied, and in terms of methods used, it is a descriptive and analytical (qualitative) study. The article is also a voice in the debate on tourism and urban regeneration. By displaying Persian conditions in shaping the foodscape (tourism taste-space), it contributes to the dynamically-developing research on food tourism and urban culinary space.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":210076008,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2996197789","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.18778\/0867-5856.29.2.04","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/czasopisma.uni.lodz.pl\/tourism\/article\/download\/5968\/5621","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Since the publication of the book The Screwtape Letters in 1942, 'C. S. Lewis' has been a widely recognized name in both Britain and the United States. The significance of the writings of this scholar of medieval literature, Christian apologist and author of the children's books The Chronicles of Narnia, while widely recognized, has not previously been investigated. Using a wide range of sources, including archival material, book reviews, monographs, articles and interviews, this dissertation examines the reception of Lewis in Britain and America, comparatively, from within his lifetime until the recent past. To do so, the methodology borrows from the history of the book and history of reading fields, and writes the biography of Lewis's Mere Christianity and The Chronicles of Narnia. By contextualizing the writing of these works in the 1940s and 1950s, the evolution of Lewis's respective platforms in Britain and America and these works' reception across the twentieth century, this project contributes to the growing body of work that interrogates the print culture of Christianity. Extensive secondary reading, moreover, permitted the investigation of cultural, intellectual, social and religious factors informing Lewis's reception, the existence of Lewis devotees in America and the lives of Mere Christianity and The Chronicles of Narnia in particular. By paying close attention to the historical conditions of authorship, publication and reception, while highlighting similarities and contrasts between Britain and America, this dissertation provides a robust account of how and why Lewis became one of the most successful Christian authors of the twentieth century.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":160663146,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"389014954","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Astaxanthin (AST) is a carotenoid pigment which possesses potent antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. The aim of this study was to investigate whether administration of AST had protective effects on D-galactose-induced brain aging in rats, and further examined its protective mechanisms. The results showed that AST treatment significantly restored the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and increased glutathione (GSH) contents and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), but decreased malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonylation and 8-hydroxy-2- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in the brains of aging rats. Furthermore, AST increased the ratio of Bcl-2\/Bax, but decreased the expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the brains of aging rats. Additionally, AST ameliorated histopathological changes in the hippocampus and restored brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in both the brains and hippocampus of aging rats. These results suggested that AST could alleviate brain aging, which may be due to attenuating oxidative stress, ameliorating hippocampus damage, and upregulating BDNF expression.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":10179413,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2130445890","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/c3fo60400d","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Six parameters uniquely describe the orbit of a body about the Sun. Given these parameters, it is possible to make predictions of the body's position by solving its equation of motion. The parameters cannot be directly measured, so they must be inferred indirectly by an inversion method which uses measurements of other quantities in combination with the equation of motion. Inverse techniques are valuable tools in many applications where only noisy, incomplete, and indirect observations are available for estimating parameter values. The methodology of the approach is introduced and the Kepler problem is used as a real-world example.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":120780084,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2006372876","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1119\/1.1613270","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Bronchial asthma had been considered one of the most chronic illnesses of childhood. Studies showed that 14-16% of children have a diagnosis of asthma that remains a current problem and 20-30% have wheezes. Asthma is the third most common cause of hospitalization among children aged 15 years or less and accounts for one sixth of all pediatric emergency department visits. Parents are keen for their children to achieve satisfactory control over asthma because asthma was perceived as disruptive to family life, including sibling relationships, the home environment and the parents own lifestyle. Research shows that parents of children with bronchial asthma report higher parenting stress compared with parents of healthy children. In addition, mothers of children with bronchial asthma report decreased time available to spend with their spouses. Therefore, this paper aimed at shedding light on the effect of bronchial asthma on the family in relation to coping styles, quality of life in children's and families, the sources of stress, siblings coping and implications for nursing.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":70823657,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1515348988","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Using ultrasound as a guidance tool during central venous catheter placement has repeatedly been shown to improve procedural safety. More recent evidence has shown its potential as a diagnostic modality to detect placement-associated complications. A protocol combining these modalities is lacking. This article uses the Indication, Acquisition, Interpretation and Medical decision-making (I-AIM) model, common to other ultrasound protocols, to provide a systematic ultrasound approach to guide central venous catheter placement and assess potential related complications. It is part of a larger series published in this journal. Methods: Relevant articles were found in a thorough search in PubMed using the MeSH terms: \"diagnostic imaging\" or \"ultrasonography\" or \"sonography\" and \"central venous catheter\" or \"central venous cannulation\" and \"complications\" or \"placement procedure\". Studies conducted on patients younger than 18 years and studies conducted in animals were excluded. Two independent researchers evaluated the articles for relevance and quality. The results of the various studies were used to create the following structured ultrasound approach. Recommended approach: Following the I-AIM model, acquiring the most valuable images is subdivided into patient, probe, picture and protocol considerations. Ultrasound guidance during central venous catheter placement should be conducted in four steps: pre-cannulation, confirming patency, dynamic guidance during insertion, and confirmation of intravenous central venous catheter position. After these steps, ultrasound should be used in the diagnostic evaluation of malposition and iatrogenic pneumothorax. Conclusions: This model provides a comprehensive and ready to use ultrasound approach to guide central venous catheter placement and assess potential placement associated complications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":231619759,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This essay deals with the topic of the juridical and conservative problem of an ICH. In the last years, a significant interest has grown for this and for cultural diversity as a form of enrichment. This led to the birth of two UNESCO Conventions (2003 and 2005). The aim is analysing how these Conventions have been incorporated in Italy and the problems that are arising with this incorporation. The example that will be addressed is the one of dance especially folk and the difficulty of its classification (ICH, cultural expression) and its subsequent safeguarding (is it better a museum or an archive to preserve the 'memory of the ephemeral'?). Summary","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":218979598,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Dickens' 13th novel has remained pre-eminent among readers for good reasons. Great Expectations (published originally as a weekly serial from 1860 to 1861) has an attractive yet flawed first-person narrator. The plot moves forward with compelling momentum, fueled by mystery, romance, and reversals, and graced with an artistry many consider Dickens' most nearly perfect literary achievement. This new reference companion sets out to recover and illuminate the Victorian culture and allusive verbal worlds that inform the novel. How distinctive are the story's temporal and topographical settings? How carefully has Dickens integrated Pip's life story with the embedded histories of a mad, jilted spinster, a beautiful orphan girl, an unscrupulous con man, a fierce yet tender convict and a brilliant criminal lawyer? What relevance does the then of Pip's childhood and the now when he relates the story of his evolution into a gentlemen have to the revised, controversial ending Dickens adopted on the advice of a fellow novelist? David Paroissien draws on a range of 19th-century sources to illuminate the late Georgian and mid-Victorian contexts of Dickens' novel: the brutal punishments that characterized Hanoverian England's legal system; the transportation of felons and their rough lives in Australia's first penal colony; the social mobility a public school education conferred on a swindler and forger; the struggle to gain the desired status of gentleman among brewers, bakers, and a raw young blacksmith; and the changing face of early 19th century London, with its Inns of Chancery and Inns of Court, the vibrant life on the Thames; and the river's lower, deserted reaches, bound by mists, marshes, and tidal flats, which serve as background for the novel's brilliantly menacing opening. The volume provides the most comprehensive annotation of Great Expectations. The annotations identify allusions to current events and intellectual and religious issues, and supplies information on topography, social customs, costume, furniture, transportation, and so on. Identifications are provided for allusions to plays, poems, songs, the Bible, the Book of Common Prayer, and other literary sources. Elements of Dickens' plots, characterization, and style which are influenced by the works of other writers are also identified. This is indicated when an aspect of the text can be shown to have been influenced by Dickens' own experience. The work of Dickens' illustrators is also discussed. Finally, although the volume does not attempt the work of a modern scholarly edition, material from Dickens' manuscripts and proofs is included when it is of major significance. An indispensable reference tool for all scholars and students of Dickens' pre-eminent novel.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":162043829,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1561881715","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose\n\nFew studies have assessed fatigue of meningioma patients. The purpose of this study was to explore the prevalence, severity, and risk factors of multidimensional fatigue, as well as the impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Chinese meningioma patients newly diagnosed.\nMethods\n\nThis cross-sectional study included 120 Chinese meningioma patients recruited from Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2020 to February 2021. Data were collected before surgery, including demographic, clinical and psychological characteristics, as well as fatigue scores, based on completion of the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20). Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data.\nResults\n\nThe results demonstrated that a high prevalence of severe fatigue for each dimension: general fatigue (33.3%), physical fatigue (27.5%), reduced activity (28.3%), reduced motivation (12.5%), mental fatigue (11.7%), and total fatigue (23.3%). Headache and anxiety were predictors of general fatigue. Depression was an independent predictor of physical fatigue. Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) score and depression independently predicted reduced activity. Depression and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score were risk factors predicting reduced motivation, while KPS score and anxiety predicted mental fatigue. Importantly, comorbidity, KPS score, headache, depression, sleep disturbances, and ESS score could predict total fatigue. Furthermore, MFI-20 scores in all dimensions were negatively correlated with Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) scores in all dimensions.\nConclusion\n\nOur findings indicate that meningioma patients newly diagnosed are frequently affected by fatigue, potentially contributing to impair HRQoL. For patients with risk factors of fatigue, targeted interventions are advised in order to decrease fatigue and improve HRQoL.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":237929476,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3176782831","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-591942\/v1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-591942\/v1","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract : The presence of the terrestrial atmosphere is a constant problem in satellite image classification. This paper describes a procedure to test quantitatively the performance of an atmospheric correction algorithm. This specific algorithm was developed at INPE, based on O'Neil's model. It is difficult to obtain a reasonable atmospheric model for Brazilian conditions, due to lack of aerosol data. The procedure consists of correcting two images of the desired scene, for different days, changing the aerosol optical depth, and comparing at selected areas, the contrast and the correlation between the images. For a better correction, the contrast improves, as well as the correlation. Based on the previous information, it is possible to select the proper aerosol optical depth. Care should be taken, however, since an exaggerated contrast improvement by itself or a good correlation alone are not sufficient. Using both criteria, a better judegement can be made. Scenes that have undergone considerable temporal changes, as those at different stages of a given crop, should be avoided. In order to make the interactive model practical, it was necessary to calculate quickly and interactively the atmospheric transmittance. This was done by means of a modified LOWTRAN program.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":129698961,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1679905957","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"User written movie reviews carry substantial amounts of movie relatedfeatures such as description of location, time period, genres, characters,etc. Using natural language processing and topic modeling basedtechniques, it is possible to extract features from movie reviews and findmovies with similar features. In this thesis, a feature extraction methodis presented and the use of the extracted features in finding similarmovies is investigated. We do the text pre-processing on a collection ofmovie reviews. We then extract topics from the collection using topicmodeling techniques and store the topic distribution for each movie.Similarity metrics such as Hellinger distance is then used to find movieswith similar topic distribution. Furthermore, the extracted topics areused as an explanation during subjective evaluation. Experimental resultsshow that our extracted topics represent useful movie features andthat they can be used to find similar movies efficiently.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":62633544,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2109489021","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cyber exploitation and malicious activities have become more sophisticated. Insider threat is one of the most significant cybersecurity threat vector, while posing a great concern to corporations and governments. An overview of the fundamental motivating forces and motivation theory are discussed. Such overview is provided to identify motivations that lead trusted employees to become insider threats in the context of cybersecurity. A research agenda with two sequential experimental research studies are outlined to address the challenge of insider threat mitigation by a prototype development. The first proposed study will classify data intake feeds, as recognized and weighted by cybersecurity experts, in an effort to establish predictive analytics of novel correlations of activities that may lead to cybersecurity incidents. It will also develop approach to identify how user activities can be compared against an established baseline, the user's network cybersecurity pulse, with visualization of simulated users' activities. Additionally, the second study will explain the process of assessing the usability of a developed visualization prototype that intends to present correlated suspicious activities requiring immediate action. Successfully developing the proposed prototype via feeds aggregation and an advanced visualization from the proposed research could assist in the mitigation of malicious insider threat.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":17587500,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2945118829","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"IZA DP No. 15070 FEBRUARY 2022 Heterogeneous Peer Effects under Endogenous Selection: An Application to Local and Migrant Children in Elementary Schools in Shanghai* This paper develops a model that allows for heterogenous contemporaneous peer effects among different types of agents who are endogenously selected into different peer groups. Using our framework, we characterize the reduced-form coefficient in the peer effect literature and show that it is a priori ambiguous in sign. We apply our approach to migrant and local students in Shanghai, where local students all go to public schools, but migrant students are endogenously selected into either public schools or lower-quality private schools. The results suggest large contemporaneous peer effects among all student groups. We conduct policy experiments to examine the effect of transferring migrant students from private schools to public schools. We show that peer effect can be substantially more important than the school effect in accounting for the total treatment effect of moving to better schools. JEL Classification: C31, C34, I21","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":248095617,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4114614","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.econstor.eu\/bitstream\/10419\/249563\/1\/GLO-DP-1043.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An order-reduced volume-integral equation approach is proposed for modeling and analyzing of nonradiative dielectric (NRD)-guide and H-guide millimeter-wave circuits that involve arbitrarily shaped planar geometry and inhomogeneous dielectric. A half-sinusoidal vertical variation of fields is used so that the discretization of current for the volume-integral equation is made in the parallel plane. Combined basis functions of propagating and local modes are used in the Galerkin's method of moments on the basis of spectrum analysis of the NRD-guide and H-guide. A vertical integration in the space domain is carried out analytically and a first-order Green's function with m=1 is developed. The solution for the volume-integral equation in modeling NRD-guide and H-guide circuits is then reduced to a two-dimensional planar problem. This technique can be applied for calculating the characteristics of various waveguide components and multiport circuits such as resonant frequencies and S-parameters. The framework of this technique is demonstrated through its application to an NRD-guide open-end. In addition, an H-guide open-end, three types of resonators, and three-pole gap-coupled NRD-guide filters are modeled and analyzed. The results are in good agreement with the measurements and results obtained by other methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-48":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":15369149,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/tmtt.2004.842511","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"publisher-specific, author manuscript","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/tmtt.2004.842511","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Novel 1-D nanostructures composed of porous Fe2O3\/Se composite or subsequently formed hollow Fe2O3 nanorods were introduced. Carbon nanofibers embedded with FeSe2 needle-like nanorods were prepared via the selenization of electrospun nanofibers. During the oxidation process, the faster diffusion rate of Fe ions (76 pm in size) relative to that of the Se ions (184 pm in size) resulted in nanoscale Kirkendall diffusion mechanism, thus forming the 1-D nanostructure comprising nanorods composed of Se\/voids\/Fe2O3 as an intermediate. The complete conversion of FeSe2 into Fe2O3 and the combustion of C, which caused necking between the nanorods, resulted in a 1-D nanoarchitecture composed of hollow Fe2O3 nanorods. The discharge capacity during the 400th cycle of the 1-D nanostructures comprising Fe2O3\/Se composite nanorods was 1456 mA h g\u22121 at a current density of 1.0 A g\u22121. The high structural stability of this unique architecture during repeated lithium insertion\/deinsertion processes resulted in superior lithium-ion storage performance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":102399955,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2610890252","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C7TA02616A","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The design of a scheduling scheme is crucial for the efficiency and user-fairness of wireless networks. Assuming that the channel quality information (CQI) of all users is available to a central controller, a simple scheme which maximizes the sum-log utility function has been shown to guarantee proportional fairness. This work studies a more general problem which takes both the CQI acquisition and the user scheduling into account. First, in case the statistics of the channel quality is available to the controller, a joint channel probing and proportional fair scheduling scheme is developed based on the optimal stopping time theory. The convergence and optimality of the scheme is proved. Next, the problem is further studied in the case where the channel statistics are not available to the controller, and a joint learning, probing and scheduling scheme is designed by solving a generalized bandit problem. Furthermore, it is shown that the multiuser diversity gain does not always increase as the number of users increases. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed scheduling schemes can provide significant gain over existing schemes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2014-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":9209218,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2949811886","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2011.072511.110035","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1009.2602"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background The impact of the relationship (therapeutic alliance) between patients and physical therapists on treatment outcome in the rehabilitation of patients with chronic low back pain (LBP) has not been previously investigated. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the therapeutic alliance between physical therapists and patients with chronic LBP predicts clinical outcomes. Design This was a retrospective observational study nested within a randomized controlled trial. Methods One hundred eighty-two patients with chronic LBP who volunteered for a randomized controlled trial that compared the efficacy of exercises and spinal manipulative therapy rated their alliance with physical therapists by completing the Working Alliance Inventory at the second treatment session. The primary outcomes of function, global perceived effect of treatment, pain, and disability were assessed before and after 8 weeks of treatment. Linear regression models were used to investigate whether the alliance was a predictor of outcome or moderated the effect of treatment. Results The therapeutic alliance was consistently a predictor of outcome for all the measures of treatment outcome. The therapeutic alliance moderated the effect of treatment on global perceived effect for 2 of 3 treatment contrasts (general exercise versus motor control exercise, spinal manipulative therapy versus motor control exercise). There was no treatment effect modification when outcome was measured with function, pain, and disability measures. Limitations Therapeutic alliance was measured at the second treatment session, which might have biased the interaction during initial stages of treatment. Data analysis was restricted to primary outcomes at 8 weeks. Conclusions Positive therapeutic alliance ratings between physical therapists and patients are associated with improvements of outcomes in LBP. Future research should investigate the factors explaining this relationship and the impact of training interventions aimed at optimizing the alliance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":11904096,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2158472660","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20120137","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/93\/4\/470\/9364576\/ptj0470.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus have a high prevalence of coeliac disease, symptoms of which are often mild, atypical, or absent. Untreated coeliac disease is associated with an increased risk of malignancy, particularly of lymphoma. Therefore, we report a 9-year-old girl with Coeliac disease, diabetes type 1 and Selective IgA deficiency. A 9-year-old female patient presented in august 2014 with the complaints of constipation, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and lethargy. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Coeliac Disease, and Selective IgA Deficiency were diagnosed simultaneously. Response to treatment was good and the patient was discharged a few days later.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":53617462,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2758559303","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives: To conduct a systematic review of the clinical trials evaluating the role of antibiotics for prevention or treatment of meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Methods: We searched several electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS (until September 2013), and CENTRAL (until August 2013). Additional citations were retrieved from the bibliographies of the selected articles. Studies were included if they were: Randomized or quasi-randomized trials, compared use of antibiotics with no antibiotics for treatment or prevention of MAS, and reported on clinical outcomes in the neonatal period. Results: Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified; three studies enrolled subjects for treatment of MAS and one study evaluated the prophylactic use of antibiotics in infants exposed to meconium stained amniotic fluid (MSAF). These trials enrolled 695 infants, with the duration of antibiotics between 3 and 7 days. All studies excluded subjects considered to be at higher risk for neonatal sepsis at onset. There were no differences noted for the outcomes of infection rates (relative risk [RR] [95% confidence interval: 0.85 [0.42, 1.73] for clinical sepsis, and 0.93 [0.36, 2.40] for culture-proven sepsis), need for mechanical ventilation (RR: 1.39 [0.68, 2.82]), air leaks syndrome (RR: 1.65 [0.68, 3.99]), hospital stay (mean difference \u2212 0.34 days [\u22121.13, 0.45]), or mortality (RR: 1.25 [0.36, 4.39]) between the intervention and control groups. Conclusions: In neonates at low-risk for sepsis, insufficient evidence exists to support the routine use of antibiotics following exposure to MSAF or for the treatment of for suspected MAS. We discuss the implications and limitations of review findings for clinical practice.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":74326610,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2185340776","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4103\/2249-4847.165687","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For large lakes and reservoirs, the inherent time delays arising from storage influences should in principle facilitate the seasonal forecasting of outflows. However, when developing forecasting techniques, a number of methodological issues need to be considered relating to both calibration and real-time operation of the models used. Here we consider some key points using examples drawn from case studies in Africa. In particular, one consideration is that the dynamic response can be complex with water levels responding over a range of timescales which, in addition to seasonal effects, may include rapid rises following heavy rainfall and longer-term declines lasting many years. External factors such as the El-Nino-Southern Oscillation may also have an effect over timescales of several years. This non-stationary response can cause some difficulties in evaluating model performance requiring careful choice of the metrics used. For reservoirs, an additional complication is that considerable detective work is often required to reconstruct the operating rules that were followed in the past. For real-time use, to help to account for deficiencies in model performance there is the option of updating outputs using data assimilation and, due to the persistence in levels and outflows, it may be possible to use techniques more typical of short-range forecasting such as autoregressive approaches. External climate drivers - represented by climate indices - might also be brought in at this stage. Where monitoring networks are sparse, it may also be useful to formulate the water balance in terms of net inflows or index series, rather than attempting to estimate individual components such as the lake rainfall and evaporation. For some reservoirs, though, complex logical rules may be required to represent the likely operator response and, even in the simplest case, the nonlinear dynamics usually require an ensemble approach to capture the uncertainty in model outputs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":134847659,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2785300287","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper we propose a vehicular speed learning framework that recommends best traffic load based on a particularly required latency and throughput conditions to be achieved. The framework is composed of two main layers, the base layer and two enhancement layers. The base layer aims at providing an in-vehicle wireless receiver to inform the driver about the speed limit within the area he\/she is in. The first enhancement layer aims at providing the driver with a high level intelligence that can be utilized for various applications. The second enhancement layer aims at utilizing smartphones as an intelligent sensor. By having the vehicle speed and the speed limits available, the smartphone can be used to detect particular conditions such as congestions, accidents or defects in the roads. Observing drivers' monitored behavior while given the current road conditions, the system extrapolates from these new and other previously available observations to predict an optimal speed limit. In this fashion, the framework is able to continuously adapt and learn autonomously to manage efficient and safe transportation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":12684653,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2770436287","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/LCN.Workshops.2017.65","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The demand for high-resolution images is gradually increasing, whereas many imaging systems have been designed to allow a certain level of aliasing during image acquisition. Thus, digital image processing approaches have recently been investigated to reconstruct a high-resolution image from aliased low-resolution images. However, since the sub-pixel motion information is assumed to be accurate in most conventional approaches, the satisfactory high-resolution image cannot be obtained when the sub-pixel motion information is inaccurate. Therefore, in this paper we propose a new algorithm to reduce the distortion in the reconstructed high-resolution image due to the inaccuracy of sub-pixel motion information. For this purpose, we analyze the effect of inaccurate sub-pixel motion information on a high-resolution image reconstruction, and model it as zero-mean additive Gaussian errors added respectively to each low-resolution image. To reduce the distortion we apply the modified multi-channel image deconvolution approach to the problem. The validity of the proposed algorithm is both theoretically and experimentally demonstrated in this paper.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":123866365,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2407538331","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"pregnancies including a detailed morphological scan, additionally the investigation of the four chamber view and the leftand right ventricular outflow tracts. From this group, in 585 singleton pregnancies second-trimester-screening at 18\u201322 weeks was performed. The perinatal outcome (mode of delivery, birth weight, Apgar score, umbilical cord pH and perinatal mortality) of 570 cases was recorded. Results: The median maternal age of the 603 cases was 31 (range, 16\u201344), the median gestation at first-trimesterscreening was 12 + 6 (11 + 1 to 13 + 6) weeks and the median gestation at second-trimester-screening was 19 + 2 (18 + 0 to 21 + 6). Nineteen (3%) of the 603 fetuses had a chromosomal abnormality. Of the 603 fetuses had twenty a termination of pregnancy, 6 a spontaneous abortion and 7 an intrauterine fetal death. 44 of the 603 fetuses had 88 structural abnormalities considered as being detectable by sonography. 6 fetuses of the 570 with perinatal outcome had a chromosomal abnormality (2x 47XXY and 4x other) and 21 fetuses had 31 structural abnormalities detected at firstand second-trimester-screening. However, parameters of initial neonatal adaptation did not differ significantly. Conclusion: First-trimester screening leads to an early identification and selection of pregnancies with adverse outcome. Fetuses with structural abnormities are regarding the early neonatal period and postnatal adaptation comparable to healthy newborns.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":71719014,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2045902264","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/UOG.3524","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Predicting the intelligibility of noisy recordings is difficult and most current algorithms treat all speech energy as equally important to intelligibility. Our previous work on human perception used a listening test paradigm and correlational analysis to show that some energy is more important to intelligibility than other energy. In this paper, we propose a system called the Bubble Cooperative Network (BCN), which aims to predict important areas of individual utterances directly from clean speech. Given such a prediction, noise is added to the utterance in unimportant regions and then presented to a recognizer. The BCN is trained with a loss that encourages it to add as much noise as possible while preserving recognition performance, encouraging it to identify important regions precisely and place the noise everywhere else. Empirical evaluation shows that the BCN can obscure 97.7% of the spectrogram with noise while maintaining recognition accuracy for a simple speech recognizer that compares a noisy test utterance with a clean reference utterance. The masks predicted by a single BCN on several utterances show patterns that are similar to analyses derived from human listening tests that analyze each utterance separately, while exhibiting better generalization and less context-dependence than previous approaches.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":49331158,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2889118710","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2018-2377","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This recent checklist of marine arthropods found on the coasts of Turkey represents a total of 1531 species belonging to 7 classes: Malacostraca (766 species), Maxillopoda (437 species), Ostracoda (263 species), Pycnogonida (27 species), Arachnida (26 species), Branchiopoda (7 species), and Insecta (5 species). Seventy-five species were classified as alien species in the region. This paper also includes the first record of the amphipod Melita valesi from the Levantine coast of Turkey (Kas, Gulf of Antalya).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":86251317,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2137638503","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3906\/ZOO-1405-48","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Chemical\u2010Mechanical Polishing (CMP) is one of the fastest growing market segments in the semiconductor equipment industry. One of the critical consumable in CMP is a specialized solution, or slurry, which contains both free abrasives and chemicals acting together to planarize a wafer. These chemically active slurries account for approximately one fifth of the total cost of polishing a wafer. Because of the cost and potential toxicity, there are both financial and environmental pressures to reduce the amount of slurry consumed during the CMP process. To accomplish this in a systematic manner we have developed a technique for quantifying slurry flow patterns during CMP which involves using fluorescent dyes to measure slurry mixing, temperature gradients and slurry aging during the polishing. An aqueous fluorescent solution with matching viscosity is used to model the slurry, a glass window models the wafer and a commercially available polisher provides the polishing pad\/table rotating work surface. This talk will focus on the diagnostic technique used to measure the slurry behavior as well as some semi\u2010quantitative results on both the amount and uniformity of slurry entrained beneath the wafer as a function of pad topography, injection location and pad rotation rates.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":56387407,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2036338806","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1557\/PROC-447-95","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Species-area relationships (SARs) provide an avenue to model patterns of species richness and have recently been shown to vary substantially across regions of different climate, vegetation, and land cover. Given that a large proportion of the globe has been converted to agriculture, and considering the large variety in agricultural management practices, a key question is whether global SARs vary across gradients of agricultural intensity. \n \nWe developed SARs for mammals that account for geographic variation in biomes, land cover and a range of land-use intensity indicators representing inputs (e.g. fertilizer, irrigation), outputs (e.g. yields) and system-level measures of intensity (e.g. human appropriation of net primary productivity - HANPP). We systematically compared the resulting SARs in terms of their predictive ability. \n \nOur global SAR with a universal slope was significantly improved by the inclusion of any one of the three variable types: biomes, land cover, and land-use intensity. The latter, in the form of human appropriation of net primary productivity (HANPP), performed as well as biomes and land-cover in predicting species richness. Other land-use intensity indicators had a lower predictive ability. \n \nOur main finding that land-use intensity performs as well as biomes and land cover in predicting species richness emphasizes that human factors are on a par with environmental factors in predicting global patterns of biodiversity. While our broad-scale study cannot establish causality, human activity is known to drive species richness at a local scale, and our findings suggest that this may hold true at a global scale. The ability of land-use intensity to explain variation in SARs at a global scale had not previously been assessed. Our study suggests that the inclusion of land-use intensity in SAR models allows us to better predict and understand species richness patterns. \n \nThis article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":89540573,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2509933168","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/ecog.02508","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) surveys agricultural operations to provide timely, accurate, and useful statistics on the United States and Puerto Rico agriculture. The Agricultural Resource Management Survey (ARMS) program is composed of three phases. Phase I is the screening phase. Phase II focuses on chemical use and production practices on the targeted commodities. Phase III is the most complex and detailed sample survey data collections and pertains to the financial condition of the farm, including income, expenses, assets, and debt. Operator characteristics are also collected. This information is then compiled to obtain an overview of the financial well-being of the agricultural sector. ARMS Phase III (ARMS III) is the only phase with response rates lower than 80 percent and so is the focus of this study. The 2009 ARMS III sample was comprised of agricultural operations, across 48 states (excluding Alaska and Hawaii). Data collection was a mixture of mail, web, and personal field enumeration. For those operations failing to complete a questionnaire, personal enumeration was attempted. Upon a nonresponse occurrence, field enumerators were instructed to review a supplemental handout listing various nonresponse reasons and record the reason on the questionnaire that best fit the situation using a particular coding process. The results showed that the top three reasons for operations being coded as refusals are \"Would not take time\/too busy\", \"Information too personal\/intrusive, confidentiality concerns\", and \"Respondent refuses on all surveys, and refused on this one\". The top three reasons for operations being coded as inaccessible are \"Tried several times; could not reach anyone for an appointment.\", \"The operator is away on vacation or business.\", and \"No operation or respondent, as listed on the label, could be found. No structure exists.\"","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":114413149,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2481933880","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, we propose a cross-layer optimization scheme for delivery of scalable video over variable bit-rate wireless networks, in particular 802.11 based wireless local area networks (WLAN). For scalable video streaming applications, the conventional solution to reduced throughput due to channel distortions is to reduce the video bitrate by dropping the higher enhancement layers of the scalable video. We show that video quality can be improved, without adding to traffic load, when the WLAN link adaptation scheme uses a temporal fairness criterion along with scalable video distortion estimates to adjust its physical (PHY) layer modulation and coding parameters used for delivering each video layer. We formulate the problem as an optimization problem for assigning different PHY modes to different layers of scalable video under temporal fairness constrains; the solution to this problem provides a set of PHY configuration parameters that achieve the highest possible video quality while meeting the admission control constraints. Performance evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of our method and the accuracy of the models.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":24505277,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2158816875","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ISCAS.2008.4541853","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study examines media events from the perspective of geo-cultural markets by analyzing the media frames used during print media coverage of the Chilean mining disaster of 2010 in newspapers from Chile, Mexico and Spain. The paper assesses the narratives, dynamics and perspectives in two main frames- love and heroes-To further our understanding of framing strategies in the Hispanic geo-cultural market by addressing how geo-cultural markets can reinforce, localize or transcend frameworks or differ internally. The aim is to problematize the apparent standardization of geo-cultural markets and to analyze their differential occurrence in framing, identifying correlations and dissimilarities among representations of the mining accident in the three nations. In addition, the research highlights the variables within each frame and their association with cultural features of the Global South, rendering the concept of framing more adaptable and flexible. Finally, the paper demonstrates that frames of affection and emotion were highly influential in turning the Chilean mining disaster into a medium event.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":159405099,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2911237321","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.29105\/gmjmx15.29-7","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/journals.tdl.org\/gmjei\/index.php\/GMJ_EI\/article\/download\/318\/314","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Typically, firms change their size through a row of discrete leaps over time. A very basic model allowing for discontinuous growth can be based on a couple of assumptions: (a) in the short run, the firm's equipment and organization provide the maximum profit only for a given production level, and diverging form it is costly; and (b) in the long run, the firm adjusts its size as if the current equipment had to be exploited until overall profits exceed a given threshold and those expected from the new desired plant for the current production level. Combining the latter two hypotheses entails a number of testable consequences, usually regarded as nuisance facts according to the traditional theories. First of all, the profitability should not be a continuous function of the firms' size, but exhibits a number of peaks, each corresponding to a different locally optimal size. Secondly, when demand is growing, investment are expected to increase just when profits falls shorter some given threshold. The model has been tested by using a panel of data on the size and performances of Italian manufacturing firms from 1998 to 2007. Indeed, both the non-parametric analysis and a panel estimation confirm the presence of several \"peaks\" in the distribution of profitability by size. Furthermore, a negative statistical relationship is apparent between investment and profitability, controlling for the size of firms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":153468514,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1748301109","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Rapid sand filtration is an economical way to treat anoxic groundwaters and involves aeration followed by particulate and soluble substrate removal via deep bed filtration. The anoxic source groundwater can contain several potential electron donors (CH4, Fe2+, Mn2+, NH4+ and assimilable organic carbon) while oxygen (O2) is the electron acceptor provided during the aeration process. Numerous previous studies have described neutrophilic iron oxidizers as a bacterial guild with a special niche preference, especially the transition zone between aerobic and anoxic regions, where abiotic chemical oxidation of iron would be retarded. For that reason, no attempts have been documented to describe the density and diversity of iron oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) in oxic neutrophilic environments. Under low temperatures (5 to 10\u00b0C) conditions, as typically found in groundwater, extremely low rates of chemical iron oxidation (t1\/2: 315min.) have been documented. This assumed slow chemical oxidation of Fe2 + in rapid sand filters may allow certain bacteria to oxidize iron concurrently with the ongoing slow chemical oxidation. Hence, we aimed to investigate the abundance, diversity, and spatial distribution of iron oxidizing bacterial in the highly oxic environments found in typical rapid sand filters. The neutrophilic FeOB were enriched by the Fe2+\/O2 opposing gradient technique and quantified by MPN methodology. Diversity fingerprints of the enrichment cultures were obtained with a 16S rRNA targeted DGGE technique, and dominant bands were isolated and sequenced for identification of dominant enrichment members. Enrichment were microscopically examined via CSLM in combination with FeOB specific or generic cytostains to verify enrichments, check cell morphologies and quantify cell densities. Our results indicate that neutrophilic iron oxidizers in highly oxic environments like drinking water treatment systems can be abundant (5 E+04 to 7 E+05 cells per gram of wet sand material). It was furthermore observed that the diversity of the cultivated dominant iron oxidizers differs substantially from those typically observed in aerobic\/anoxic","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":186954132,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2744539180","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nDiabetes is often associated with increased prevalence and severity of periodontal disease. We hypothesized that gingival epithelial cells modify periodontal disease progression and predicted that hyperglycemia would activate an inflammatory response in human gingival epithelial cells (HGECs).\n\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS\nWe tested our hypothesis in immortalized HGECs (epi 4 cells) isolated from periodontal tissue and transfected with the simian virus 40 T antigen. The epi 4 cells were cultured in high (25\u00a0mM, HG) and normal (6\u00a0mM, NG) glucose conditions.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThe epi 4 cells showed increased interleukin-8 (IL-8) protein secretion and mRNA expression when cultured in HG, compared with in NG. These effects were not associated with increased cell proliferation and were not observed in a hyperosmolar control group (normal glucose with 19\u00a0mM mannitol). Increased IL-8 secretion in HG was inhibited by pretreatment with an antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine, or a protein kinase C inhibitor, Ro31-8220. Hyperglycemia did not affect IL-8 secretion by gingival fibroblasts or periodontal ligament cells. In epi 4 cells, hyperglycemia also induced expression of toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) but not TLR4.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nThese findings suggest a potential participation of epithelial cells in periodontal disease during diabetes by evoking an excessive host inflammatory response.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":44692231,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2350177257","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/odi.12502","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Thirty-four gastric secretory studies were done on a patient with duodenal ulcer within a period of 21 months. Fourteen of these studies are reported in this paper and were concerned with the immediate effect of emotional stress on gastric secretion. Each study involved a 6-hour basal secretory period. Emotional stress was produced by a psychological interview. Nine consecutive control studies were done during a 7-month period. Studies with psychological interviews, with or without drugs and control studies without interview were interspersed at intervals. On the day of experiment with a psychological interview, 1-hour basal gastric secretion was collected; the psychiatrist then entered the laboratory and conducted the interview for 30 minutes and withdrew. The patient did not know on which experimental day the psychiatrist would appear. Emotional stress, induced by the psychological interview, produced a significant increase in total acid output with a smaller peak in the first 2 hours and a larger peak in the 3rd and 4th hours. These two phases of increased gastric secretion after the interview are similar to those produced by the stress effect of insulin hypoglycemia. An anticholinergic agent, Elorine sulfate, or an adrenergic blocking agent, Regitine, blocked the secretory response induced by the interview. A working hypothesis for the possible mechanism involved in the increase of gastric secretion by emotional stress is suggested.\n\nSubmitted on January 14, 1958","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":41916434,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2158883009","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1152\/JAPPL.1958.12.3.461","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ultra-light Ni nanofoams composed of nanowires have been synthesized on a large scale by a facile reflux approach. From the Ni nanofoam, many other functional nanofoams, composed of semi-hollow NiO nanowires, multi-generation Ni nanowires, and noble metal nanotubes, can be easily derived for many important applications. As an example, the promising application of the NiO nanofoam in lithium-ion batteries is demonstrated.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":28818023,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2014983873","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/smll.201201678","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"INTRODUCTION\nAs Ireland's population increases and chronic disease becomes more prevalent, demand on limited general practice services will increase. Nursing roles within general practice are now considered to be standard, yet alternative non-medical professional roles are underexplored within an Irish context. Non-medical personnel such as Advanced Paramedics (APs) may have the capability to provide support to general practice.\n\n\nAIM\nTo explore GPs' attitudes and opinions about integrating Advanced Paramedics into rural general practice in Ireland.\n\n\nMETHODS\nA sequential explanatory mixed methodology was adopted. A questionnaire was designed and distributed to a purposeful sample of GPs attending a rural conference followed by semi-structured interviews. Data were recorded and transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed.\n\n\nRESULTS\nIn total, n=27 GPs responded to the survey and n=13 GPs were interviewed. Most GPs were familiar with APs and were receptive to the concept of closely collaborating with APs within a variety of settings, including out-of-hours services, home visits, nursing homes and even roles within the general practice surgery.\n\n\nDISCUSSION\nGP and AP clinical practice dovetail within many facets of primary care and emergency care. GPs recognise that current rural models are unsustainable, and they realise the potential of integrating APs into the general practice team to help support and sustain the future of rural general practice services in Ireland. These interviews provided an exclusive, detailed insight into the world of general practice in Ireland that has not been previously documented in this way.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":257076446,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22605\/RRH8091","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Author(s): Cazabon, Mary T.; Nicoladis, Elena; Lambert, Wallace E. | Abstract: The debate around bilingual education continues to spark controversy between its detractors and its supporters. The education of linguistic minority students in the United States is a complex issue, involving contrasting theories of education itself, the values of American society, and the extent to which cross-culturalism can be maintained effectively. Although proponents of bilingual education argue that it increases students' academic success, opponents argue that it leads to academic failure (see, for example, Crawford, 1989; Hakuta, 1986; Porter, 1990; Wong Fillmore, 1991).Success or failure of bilingual education cannot necessarily be addressed as a whole. Several different kinds of bilingual programs are available to the non-English-speaking student in the United States (see Note). These programs differ in the degree to which they promote and\/or use English and the home language of the students in the classroom. Thus, the value of bilingualism is seen differently in the different programs. For example, transitional bilingual education is designed so that use of the two languages in the classroom is a temporary phase during transition to English mastery. In contrast, in two-way bilingual programs, in which instruction is given in both languages throughout the program, bilingualism is seen as the ultimate goal - the mastery both of English and of the home language.While these differences in programs may seem to be purely ideological, the psychological impact on the students is enormous. Lambert (1974) distinguished between \"additive\" and \"subtractive\" bilingualism. The additive case implies that an individual suffers no loss of the primary language and the associated culture, while the subtractive case implies that an individual undergoes a loss of primary language skills and general academic performance. Lambert also drew attention to the roles played by attitudes, aptitudes, and motivation in second language learning. He believes that the degree of language mastery influences an individual's self-concept and sense of attainment of proficiency.There are few studies of students' attitudes toward their own bilingualism, particularly in two-way programs (Christian, Montone, Lindholm, a Carranza, 1997). Griego-Jones (1994), in a small study of 10 Latino kindergarten students in a two-way program, found that the students actually preferred English over Spanish, because English was perceived to be the language of high status and achievement. Looking at older (fourth grade) students, Hayashi (1998) found that students in a two-way bilingual program and in a transitional bilingual program were equally enthusiastic about their bilingualism, as reported on questionnaires. In individual interviews, however, the students in thetransitional program reported that they thought they did not need instruction in Spanish, because they already spoke Spanish. In contrast, the students in the two-way program all thought the time spent in Spanish instruction was valuable and necessary to their achievement in both languages.Although neither of the studies mentioned above examined data on achievement, research on the most effective forms of bilingual education (usually in terms of English achievement) suggests that two-way programs may be the best. Two-way bilingual education has been described in a national study as \"the program with the highest long-term academic success\" (Thomas a Collier, 1997, p. 52). The students' success in these programs is undoubtedly due to a number of factors. These include opportunities for linguistic minority students to assume strong peer leadership roles in the classroom, an emphasis on grade-level academic instruction in both languages, sustained support for and use of multicultural curricula, and opportunities for non-English-speaking parents to form close partnerships with the school staff as well as with other parents. The purpose of the present report is to examine students' development in a two-way bilingual program by focusing on both their attitudes toward becoming bilingual (and possibly bicultural) and their school achievement in both languages. Although we do not have data to examine causal links between attitudes and achievement, we see this study as a first step toward showing the relationship between the two.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":59893602,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"178215585","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present a robust, efficient algorithm for combinational test generation using a reduction to satisfiability (SAT). The algorithm, Test Generation Using Satisfiability (TEGUS), solves a simplified test set characteristic equation using straightforward but powerful greedy heuristics, ordering the variables using depth-first search and selecting a variable from the next unsatisfied clause at each branching point. For difficult faults, the computation of global implications is iterated, which finds more implications than previous approaches and subsumes structural heuristics such as unique sensitization. Without random tests or fault simulation, TEGUS completes on every fault in the ISCAS networks, demonstrating its robustness, and is ten times faster for those networks which have been completed by previous algorithms. Our implementation of TEGUS can be used as a base line for comparing test generation algorithms; we present comparisons with 45 recently published algorithms. TEGUS combines the advantages of the elegant organization of SAT-based algorithms with the efficiency of structural algorithms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":2180463,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2135613306","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/43.536723","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The prominently-displayed flowers of Verticordia nitens and V. aurea are unattractive to most insect pollinators and yet apparently serve as the sole source of pollen and nectar for two species of solitary bee. Euryglossa (Euhesma) morrisoni forages exclusively on V. nitens and E. (E.) aureophila forages exclusively on V. aurea. These bees carry much pollen on their bodies and appear solely responsible for seed set of 9-31% of ovules, with negligible seed set by V. nitens in the absence of E. morrisoni. Each anther of both Verticordia species releases pollen in copious amounts of oil (pollenkitt) beneath a hood-like appendage which terminates in a spout. Female bees ingest the pollen-oil mixture by touching the appendages with their glossae, and nectar by lapping the floor of the hypanthium. Most of the oils are isopentyl esters of the fatty acids, palmitic, stearic, arachidic (the major component of V. nitens) and behenic (the major component of V. aurea). These oils, as well as significant amounts of glucose, fructose and proline, are also present in the crop of E. morrisoni. The ability ofE. morrisoni and E. aureophila to remove and utilise pollen, oil and nectar from the flowers, their effectiveness as sole pollinators, and flower colour mimicry by E. morrisoni, together suggest an obligate mutualism between these bees and their Verticordia hosts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":85419325,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2090403015","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1071\/BT9930369","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The equation of conduction of heat in a model of living tissues is solved in the case of time-dependent electromagnetic heating and surface cooling. This approach allows thermal transient phenomena in the tissue to be treated as the dynamic behavior of a linear infinite-dimension system. This approach is appropriate when the tissue temperature increase must he controlled. Some results are given in a numerical simulation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110842656,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2034662053","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.1981.1130454","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVES\nDescribe characteristics of patients who have both an eating disorder and type 1 diabetes and compare their responses on psychological tests with those with an eating disorder and no diabetes at time of initial assessment to an eating disorder facility.\n\n\nMETHOD\nA chart audit conducted on all 48 patients with ED-DMT1 who were seen collaboratively by the diabetes and eating disorder treatment teams between 2005 and 2008 at Park Nicollet Health Services and 96 (1:2) matched eating disordered controls.\n\n\nRESULTS\nDiabetes was diagnosed an average of 10.2 years (SD = 9.4) before the diagnosis of an eating disorder; HbA1c at initial assessment was 11% (\u00b13.2%). Those without diabetes reported greater depression (p = .048) and greater state and trait anxiety (p = .015 and p = .039, respectively) at initial assessment.\n\n\nDISCUSSION\nPersons with both an eating disorder and type 1 diabetes were less psychologically compromised than their matched cohorts with an eating disorder only. These findings may not remain constant during the course of treatment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":5346616,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2148873370","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/eat.20928","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE Aneurysmal rebleeding before definitive obliteration of the aneurysm is a cause of mortality and morbidity. There are limited data on the role of short-term antifibrinolytic therapy among patients undergoing endovascular intervention. METHODS All consecutive patients receiving endovascular therapy for their ruptured saccular aneurysm at the authors' institution between 2000 and 2011 were included in this study. These patients underwent endovascular coiling of their aneurysm within 72 hours of admission. In patients receiving \u03b5-aminocaproic acid (EACA), the EACA administration was continued until the time of the endovascular procedure. Complications and clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) were compared between EACA-treated and untreated patients. RESULTS During the 12-year study period, 341 patients underwent endovascular coiling. Short-term EACA treatment was administered in 146 patients and was withheld in the other 195 patients. EACA treatment did not change the risk of preinterventional rebleeding in this study (OR 0.782, 95% CI 0.176-3.480; p = 0.747). Moreover, EACA treatment did not increase the rate of thromboembolic events. On the other hand, patients who received EACA treatment had a significantly longer duration of hospital stay compared with their counterparts who were not treated with EACA (median 19 days, interquartile range [IQR] 12.5-30 days vs median 14 days, IQR 10-23 days; p < 0.001). EACA treatment was associated with increased odds of shunt requirement (OR 2.047, 95% CI 1.043-4.018; p = 0.037) and decreased odds of developing cardiac complications (OR 0.138, 95% CI 0.031-0.604; p = 0.009) and respiratory insufficiency (OR 0.471, 95% CI 0.239-0.926; p = 0.029). Short-term EACA treatment did not affect the Glasgow Outcome Scale score at discharge, 6 months, or 1 year following discharge. CONCLUSIONS In this study, short-term EACA treatment in patients who suffered from aSAH and received endovascular aneurysm repair did not decrease the risk of preinterventional rebleeding or increase the risk of thrombotic events. EACA did not affect outcome. Randomized clinical trials are required to provide robust clinical recommendation on short-term use of EACA.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":7033488,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2430445185","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3171\/2016.4.JNS152951","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Finding the right physician mix is a growing problem for hospitals juggling physician demands with patient needs. Ill-defined recruitment strategies may potentially increase physician competition and inadequately support specialty services. Diana L. Martinetto explores a new methodology aimed at successfully tackling this tricky process.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":23414381,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Computational predictions of the thermodynamic properties of molecules and materials play a central role in contemporary reaction prediction and kinetic modeling. Due to the lack of experimental data and computational cost of high-level quantum chemistry methods, approximate methods based on additivity schemes and more recently machine learning are currently the only approaches capable of supplying the chemical coverage and throughput necessary for such applications. For both approaches, ring-containing molecules pose a challenge to transferability due to the nonlocal interactions associated with conjugation and strain that significantly impact thermodynamic properties. Here, we report the development of a self-consistent approach for parameterizing transferable ring corrections based on high-level quantum chemistry. The method is benchmarked against both the Pedley-Naylor-Kline experimental dataset for C-, H-, O-, N-, S-, and halogen-containing cyclic molecules and a dataset of Gaussian-4 quantum chemistry calculations. The prescribed approach is demonstrated to be superior to existing ring corrections while maintaining extensibility to arbitrary chemistries. We have also compared this ring-correction scheme against a novel machine learning approach and demonstrate that the latter is capable of exceeding the performance of physics-based ring corrections.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":235202945,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jcim.1c00367","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Previous studies consistently reported a diurnal variation in the occurrence of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), with a morning peak. However, limited knowledge exists on the circadian pattern of ICH severity and outcome. This study aimed to determine possible associations between ICH onset time and admission severity and 90-day outcomes using the combined data set of the pilot and main-phase Intensive blood pressure (BP) reduction in an acute cerebral hemorrhage trial (INTERACT). The ICH onset time was categorized into three groups (1: 00:00\u201307:59; 2: 08:00\u201315:59; and 3: 16:00\u201323:59). We found an association between onset time and low Glasgow Coma Scale score: aOR (time 1: 1.72, 95% CI 1.12\u20132.66; time 3: 1.95, 95% CI 1.31\u20132.89, p = 0.003; in comparison to time 2). There was no association between onset time and volume of ICH (adjusted p = 0.354) or 90-day outcomes of death or major disability, and death and major disability separately (all adjusted p > 0.4). The results showed that more severe cases of ICH patients, defined by a reduced level of consciousness, had late afternoon to early morning stroke onset, but this was unrelated to baseline hematoma volume or location. There was no circadian influence on ICH clinical outcome.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":38054996,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2476761533","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/07420528.2016.1210158","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This thesis examines Beach's hypothesis that the sexual behaviour of male rats is under multisensory control and is resistant to the loss of tactile information from the vibrissae. The loss of perioral sensation was found to profoundly disrupt sexual behaviour in sexually inexperienced males tested with females showing five ascending levels of precopulatory behaviour. Males did not copulate with females displaying presenting, presenting and hopping, hopping and darting levels of proceptive behaviour. However, males paired with darting females displaying the highest level level of proceptive behaviour did copulate in the presence of perioral anapsis caused by intramystacial injection of lidocaine. Injection of lidocaine intraperitoneally and intramasseterically showed that this effect was not due to systemic toxicity. Prior sexual experience was found to attenuate the effect of perioral anapsis and males given three prior copulatory trials copulated with presenting females in the presence of perioral perioral anapsis. Males given one prior copulatory trial also copulated with presenting females in the presence of perioral anapsis. These results complement recent research which has called for a revision of the multisensory hyopothesis and indicate that trigeminally mediated tactile information from the vibrissae plays an important role in the initiation of sexual behaviour in the naive male rat.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":142736146,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1549254078","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cancer progression involves multiple proteolytic interactions, with metalloproteinases (MMPs) performing a crucial role. MMP-2, a major MMP, plays a key role in the degradation of basement membranes. Mechanisms underlying MMP-2 activation had to be investigated. Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases are not only responsible for the regulation of extracellular matrix remodeling, but also involved in the activation of several inactive MMPs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of pro-MMP2, MMP-14, and MMP-15 in tumor cells and tumor stroma. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on paraffin-embedded tissue sections including laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We found the expression of pro-MMP2 in 58% of cases, MMP-14 in 78%, and MMP-15 in 98% of cases of SCC. In all tumor cases, we revealed a higher expression of pro-MMP2 in tumor stoma than in tumor cells. The expression of MMP-14 and MMP-15 was higher in tumor cells than in the stroma. Moreover, we found a statistically significant difference between the expression of MMP-14 and MMP-15 in the tumor in comparison with the surrounding stroma (P < 0.05). An analysis of expression levels of MT-MMPs by classification trees showed that the probability of metastases was related to decreased expression of MMP-14 and increased expression of MMP-15. Our results may suggest that tumor cells with low MMP-14 expression invade tumor stroma and form metastases. Probably, in such cases, tumor progression is stimulated by MMP-15 in an MMP-14 independent pathway, a novel (alternative) mechanism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":206124132,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2024073504","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12000","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper reports on research into miniature, direct drive, high force\/torque motors to support insect-sized mobile robotic platforms. The primary focus is on scalable motors based on piezoelectric transducers. The contributions of this work include: (1) the design, analysis, and characterization of a miniature mode conversion rotary ultrasonic motor based on a piezoelectric stack transducer; this produced a static torque density of 0.37 Nm\/kg, (2) a millimeter scale linear piezometer, constructed with a parallel arrangement of annular stressed unimorph piezoelectric transducers and passive latches, exhibited 0.23 N of blocked force, and (3) simulation data is presented that compares these motor concepts to commercial systems in the context of scalability. Results suggest that smaller versions of the rotary ultrasonic motor would possess a static torque density seven times that of a commercial 3-mm electromagnetic system. This technology shows promise for driving the platform.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":17012109,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2153453761","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.2004.1302454","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Chemical analysis for knowing the quantitative compo-sition of a substance is considered important and essent-ial for evaluation and characterization of silicate raw materials and finished products. However, the classic-al 'wet' chemical methods involving lengthy and time consuming steps of successive separations of groups by precipitation and reprecipitation can not serve the purpose of quality control since the effectiveness of quality control is largely determined by the speed with which the determination of critical parameters, composit-ions and properties involving evaluation of raw materials and finished products are made. Attempts have therefore, been constantly made for development of rapid and accurate methods of chemical analysis. The literature on silicate analysis reveals spectacular advancement both in wet \nchemical and instrumental methods of analysis after the last World War II. In wet chemical analysis complexometric \ntitration with EDTA (Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid), \na versatile complexing agent first introduced by Schwar-zewbach is probably the best contribution till now in 20th century.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":92188377,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"178856277","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We study the problem of learning the objective functions or constraints of a multiobjective decision making model, based on a set of sequentially arrived decisions. In particular, these decisions might not be exact and possibly carry measurement noise or are generated with the bounded rationality of decision makers. In this paper, we propose a general online learning framework to deal with this learning problem using inverse multiobjective optimization. More precisely, we develop two online learning algorithms with implicit update rules which can handle noisy data. Numerical results show that both algorithms can learn the parameters with great accuracy and are robust to noise.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":222310527,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3092949322","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2010.06140"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Aim General patterns of biodiversity, such as latitudinal gradients and species-area relationships, are found consistently in a wide range of organisms, but recent results for protist diversity suggest that organisms shorter than 2 mm do not display such patterns. We tested this prediction in bdelloid rotifers, pluricellular metazoans smaller than 2 mm, but with size and ecology comparable to protists. Location A single valley in northern Italy was surveyed in detail and compared to all available faunistic data on bdelloids worldwide. Methods We analysed 171 local assemblages of bdelloid rotifers living in 5 systems of dry mosses and submerged mosses in running water and in lakes. We compared patterns of alpha, beta, and gamma diversity, and nestedness of metacommunities, with those known from protists and larger organisms. Results Bdelloid rotifers showed low local species richness (alpha diversity), with strong habitat selection, as observed in larger organisms. The number of species differed among systems, with a higher number of species in dry than in aquatic mosses. There was no hierarchical structure or exclusion of species in the metacommunity pattern within each system. Local diversity for the entire valley was surprisingly high compared with worldwide bdelloid diversity, similar to observed patterns in protists. Main Conclusions Bdelloid rotifers have some of the peculiarities of protist biodiversity, although at slightly different spatial scales, thus confirming the idea of a major change in biodiversity patterns among organisms shorter than 2 mm. However, bdelloids show stronger habitat selection than protists. We suggest two possible explanations for the observed patterns: (1) dispersal is very rare, and not all bdelloid clones are arriving everywhere; and (2) dispersal is effective in displacing propagules, but environmental heterogeneity is very high and prevents many species from colonizing a given patch of moss.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":86592701,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2108700050","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1466-822X.2006.00193.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The adsorption of gold and copper cyanide complexes on the activated carbon is investigated using the Density Functional Theory (DFT). In order to represent the activated carbon, two fullerene-like model (presenting structural defect sites) and a simple graphene layer containing different functional groups (presenting chemical active sites) are employed. The structural defect sites show a much lower adsorption tendency toward all the cyano complexes comparing to the chemical active sites. The interaction energy for all of the complexes with structural defect sites (concave) is very low. However, the graphene layer with unsaturated active sites displays the highest level of interaction almost for all the complexes except Cu(CN)4-3. The effect of oxygen functional groups on the graphite edges shows a crucial role in the selectivity of gold adsorption over copper complexes. It has increased adsorption energy for Cu(CN)2- in the presence of OH and COOH, and has decreased adsorption energy for Au(CN)2- by OH and increased by COOH. The study results elucidate the lower selectivity for adsorption of gold over copper cyanides by high oxygen content activated carbon. The energy levels of the HOMO and LUMO orbitals show adsorption of unpaired cyanide anions on the activated carbon surface occurs by electron transfer from the complex to the adsorbent and adsorption onto the activated carbon edges by transferring electrons from the absorbent to the complex. The result has clearly demonstrated that the functional groups increase the adsorption tendency for both the gold (only COOH) and copper complexes (OH and COOH) but deteriorate the selectivity of gold over copper cyanides.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":252973573,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To study possible protective role of ageless liquid on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in in SpragueDawley rats. Nephrotoxicity was induced by intraperitoneal injection gentamicin 100 mg\/kg\/day i.p. to adult Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 1000\u2013250 g. Ageless liquid in three different doses were given for 8 days. On 9th day, blood sample was taken and serum was obtained to assess the levels of urea and creatinine.Thereafter, all the rats were sacrificed by overdose of thiopentone sodium. Following immediate excision of left kidney, it was washed with ice-cold saline to remove as much blood as possible. Renal cortical tissues were separated into two parts for biochemical analysis and light microscopic examination. The gentamicin treated rats have shown a significant increase in MDA, creatinine, urea and a significant decrease in GSH, SOD, catalase and ATP level compared to control rats suggesting the renal damage. The different doses of ageless liquid with piperine and without piperine significantly reversed the renal damage done by gentamicin. The nephroprotective potential was found to be better for ageless liquid with piperine in comparison with ageless liquid without piperine.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":99024323,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2404503896","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Video adaptive streaming in mobile devices has always been a hard problem, and MPEG-DASH is considered to be a solution. DASH protocol requires the server to offer profiles of multiple bitrates at the same time. We can get a smoother playback as the profile number grows. However, we notice that the increase of profiles will bring in excessively frequent switches which will in turn cause a drop in QoE. Besides, growing numbers of media segments will put large burden on the backbone network. In this paper we use a proxy-assistant architecture to address above two problems. At the client side, we propose a new rate adaption method to ensure a smooth playback at the expense of a little average overall bandwidth. On the proxy server side, the smart proxy tries to aggregate similar requests with a map of importance of profiles for different bitrates. Compared with prior proxy based scheme, our scheme is proved to aggregate alike requests to reduce the cache hit ratio. The result shows that our method reduces the switching times and server requests times with the bitrate selecting by the proxy a little lower than the actual optimal one, and consequently makes our scheme both QoEfriendly and efficient under low-delay and multiple profiles scenario. Keywords\u2014Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP, Low Latency, Rate Adaption Algorithm, Proxy, Lower Network Burden","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":53141063,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cells respond to environmental or cellular changes, rapidly switching protein activities from one state to another. In eukaryotes, a way to achieve these changes is through protein phosphorylation cycles, involving independent protein kinase and protein phosphatase activities. Current evidences show that phosphatases and kinases are also involved in the molecular basis of immune response and in diseases such as diabetes obesity and Alzheimer. In protozoan parasites like Trypanosoma and Leishmania, several kinases and phosphatases have been identified, many of them have been cloned but in several cases their biological role remains undetermined. In this review, the state-of-the art is summarized and the role of phosphatases and kinases in biological phenomena such as remodeling, invasion and pathogenic capacity of protozoan parasites is described. The real chance to use these components of signal transduction pathways as target for chemotherapeutic intervention is also discussed (Rev Med Chile 2000; 128: 1150-60).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":86144175,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2167135260","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4067\/S0034-98872000001000012","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Queer Representations celebrates the eclectic, diverse nature of gay and lesbian culture and its production. The volume begins by asking how we can interpret an image--is the image homosexual and if so, how can we understand it? Closely connected to its interpretation is how we visualize homosexuality, or, in Allen Ellenzweig's term, how we picture the homoerotic, the organizing principle of a section devoted to American cinema and performance in general. The crucial role of biography and autobiography is the central preoccupation of the next section, with essays on Radclyffe Hall, Langston Hughes, and Louisa May Alcott. Featuring many of the most respected figures in queer studies and contemporary queer literature, among them Dorothy Allison, Edmund White, Barbara Smith, Essex Hemphill, Michael Cunningham, Allen Ginsberg, Samuel R. Delany, Dale Peck, Jewelle Gomez, Joan Nestle, a final section explores the creation of queer literature, birthpangs, growing pains, and achievements. By emphasizing the interconnectedness of gay and lesbian lives and the literature which has been instrumental in defining, reconstructing, and representing these lives, this anthology serves as a diverse introduction to queer culture and literature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":190426060,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"575574727","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Unidirectional solidification of Al-In, Cu-Pb and Cu-Pb-Al monotectic alloys was performed under static magnetic fields up to 10T for formation of the regularly aligned-rod structure. mThe imposition of static magnetic fields exceeding 4T suppressed movement of the In liquid droplets at the Al solidifying front and enhanced the engulfment of the In droplets into the front. As a result, the eutectic-like structure was obtained in the Al-10 and 15at%In hypermonotectic alloys. The micro X-ray tomography indicated that the continuous In rods with diameters of 10-20 \u00b5m were aligned parallel to each other. In the case of the Cu-Pb and the Cu-Pb-Al alloys, the imposition of static magnetic fields also enhanced the formation of the aligned Pb rods. The electrochemical etching by using a 10% HNO3 solution successfully removed the minor phase, and the porous aluminum and copper with deep pores were fabricated.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136540022,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2038878374","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.512.289","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The basis of international comparative analysis is the harmonisation of the different conceptual systems of the discipline under investigation in various countries. The enterprises, which are the spring of the economy, can be grouped in different ways in the different countries. The goal of this paper is to compare the Hungarian practice with that of the European Union (EU), the European OECD countries and the USA. Following a short overview of the terminology, this paper seeks an answer to the question of how Hungary became \u2013 in less than a decade \u2013 a country of small enterprises. Phenomena such as the breaking up of huge companies or dismantling into small and medium\u2010size enterprises and the increasing number of newly founded small\u2010size businesses sooner or later lead to changes in the policies of these enterprises and thus contribute to the development of a functioning market economy. The map of the Hungarian economy had changed significantly by the end of the 1990s. A radical shift in the size and types of companies was brought about by market economy forces, which led to a transformation. As a result, the process of accession to the EU was begun. In the preliminary and preparatory stages, the opportunities for small and medium\u2010size enterprises (SMEs) must be enhanced, as presently the economic significance of SMEs in Hungary is smaller than their strategic importance. All these objectives are supported by concrete and long\u2010term governmental strategies and measures.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":154129019,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1966277045","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1108\/EUM0000000006802","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The simple metaphors used by the ancient people in the colloquial language later technically termed as Nyaya. Afterwards it is used as a tool to define many difficult concepts in a simplified manner even for the common people. Nyayas are widely accepted as an authorized tool to express the ancient scientific principles. In Ayurvedic texts, mostly the commentators use Nyayas to make the learner understand the concepts in a better and apparent way. The understanding of Nyaya is very much necessary to get clear knowledge about the hidden concepts. The present review emphasizes on various Nyaya and its importance in understanding the basic principles of Ayurveda. Some of such important Nyayas used are Kakadanta Pareeksha Nyaya, Go-Balivarda Nyaya, Go Dohana","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":170138432,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2275698694","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Mocheno, a German variety spoken in Trentino (Italy), displays an interesting case of phonologically conditioned suppletive allomorphy in past participle formation. Past participle formation involves a variety of strategies, from absence of a prefix, to affrication, to prefixing a CV-prefix ga- . I propose that two allomorphs are involved in the process, a subsegment [?cont, ?voice] and a prefix ga- and that the distribution of the two allomorphs is regulated by a hierarchy of wellformedness constraints. This hierarchy in turn consists of two independent partial hierarchies, which are active in the grammar of the language in general, where they are responsible for morphoprosodic alignment at left stem edges and for the distribution of obstruents, respectively. This means that Mocheno past participles give us evidence in favor of the hypothesis that allomorph selection can, and sometimes must, be interpreted in terms of optimization. By adopting an alternative analysis in terms of subcategorization of the allomorphs for a certain phonological context, the relationship between the distribution of past participle allomorphs and other pieces of the Mocheno grammar would remain completely opaque.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2017-13":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":196090205,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2546637301","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract In all fields of education, theory is in advance of practice (MacCormick, 1931, p. xii). This essay provides a summary of the historical research themes of the Center for the Study of Correctional Education (CSCE) in the field of prison reform and its leading edge, correctional education. Those themes have been applied at CSCE's system of parolee schools, the California State University, San Bernardino Reentry Initiative (CSRI). The essay addresses the professional contributions of four contributors or heroes of the correctional education: Alexander Maconochie at a penal colony in the South Pacific, William George among juveniles in New York State (NYS), Thomas Mott Osborne at two NYS prisons and one in the U.S. Navy, Stephen Duguid in British Columbia. The current author subjectively selected these four contributors. Then he arbitrarily selected six findings from the work of each. The four are informally known at the CSCE as part of the \"pantheon\" of correctional education contributors to the theory and practice of the field. The essay also introduces CSRI organizational experiences, in the same format as the four heroes or contributors. Each contribution has influenced the theory and practice of correctional education. The author hopes this review will help readers see the value of this literature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":157311588,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2620560906","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Invasion team sports coaches are faced with the problem of developing players who, in any given situation, can make decisions that lead to successful outcomes. Research into human decision making has established three widely accepted perspectives, which sports coaching has used to understand player decision making and inform practice: information processing, ecological psychology and naturalistic decision making. As a result, coaches are challenged with perspective-specific terminology and having to draw connections between similar findings that are explained in quite different ways. This conceptual paper presents a plainer account of player decision making by proposing a communal language within a conceptual framework for decision making in invasion team sports. It is hoped that the proposed language and framework will, together, facilitate knowledge exchange between researchers and coaches for the betterment of player development.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":219740671,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3032604534","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1123\/iscj.2019-0062","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/eprints.leedsbeckett.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/6783\/7\/ACommunalLanguageForDecisionMakingInTeamInvasionSportsAM-ASHFORD.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach to unit design can address the issue of poor participation and engagement with subject matter by students, as was successfully demonstrated by an existing unit in the Master of Information Systems at the University of Tasmania (Ellis et al., 2009). However, the less-structured content and process involved in group work required through the use of a PBL approach generates the further issue of how to monitor and assess individual contributions in collaborative learning processes. Offering two PBL units within the one semester to the same cohort normally would impact student workload by having two problems to solve while working in different groups in each of the units. In this context, a new Masters unit introduced to the Masters of Information Management in 2010 was designed to complement and integrate with an existing unit that was already developed using a PBL approach. Both units utilised Information Communication Technology (ICT) to support group work and to more adequately assess individual contributions. This case study provides insight into the development, delivery and evaluation of these two units. \nThe delivery method for both units was to provide nine three hour workshops supported by the institutional education platform (MyLO). The first seven workshops delivered the theory for each unit. The theory was delivered using group work learning supported by the instructor. The remaining two workshops combined units in which class members were formed into new groups with members from both units. Both classes were presented with the same problem situation that acted as context for the delivery of the theoretical material. Assessment items across both units were structurally aligned to support the learning process. Four of the five pieces of assessment took the same form, of which the final and major item of assessment required students to submit a single \"solution\" that was independently marked for each unit against the same criteria while addressing unit specific learning outcomes. \nCritical reflection and assessment of individual contribution was supported by PebblePad technology. Students were required to create individual assets on a weekly basis that provided evidence of research and participation in both the initial seven workshops and then the development of the final \"solution\". Additionally group work interactions were supported by wiki technology in the new unit. Feedback from Student Evaluation of Teaching and Learning (SETL) indicated a positive response to embedding technology in assessment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":33765957,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1550708223","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Variable geometry and distribution of stratigraphic sequences of fluvial fans in the eastern San Joaquin Basin, California, were controlled by tectonics, through basin subsidence and basin width, and response to Quaternary climate change, related to the degree of change in sediment supply to stream discharge ratios and local base-level elevation changes. Three fluvial fans \u2014 the Kings River, Tuolumne River and Chowchilla River fans \u2014 illustrate the influence of these factors on ultimate sequence geometry. In areas with high subsidence rates (e.g. the Kings River fluvial fan) sequences are relatively thick and apices of subsequent sequences are vertically stacked. Areas with relatively low subsidence rates (e.g. the Tuolumne River fan) produced laterally stacked sequences. Rivers that experienced a significant increase in sediment supply to stream discharge ratios due to direct connection to outwash from glaciated portions of the Sierra Nevada developed high accommodation space and relatively thick sequences with deep incised valleys. Conversely, rivers that were not connected to glaciated regions (e.g. the Chowchilla River fan) and, thus, experienced a relatively minor change in sediment supply to discharge ratios during climate change events, produced thinner sequences that lack deep incised valleys. Local base-level connection to sea level, via the axial San Joaquin River, produced deeper incised valleys than those of internally drained rivers. Finally, narrow basin width allowed glacially connected fans to completely fill available accommodation space, thus producing smaller fans that lack preservation of distal, interglacial deposits. Evaluation of these controls allows prediction of sequence geometries and facies distributions for other San Joaquin Basin fans for input into future hydrogeological models.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":129515062,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2019133265","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.SP.2005.251.01.12","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Synthetic biology has developed numerous parts for building synthetic gene circuits. However, few parts have been described for prokaryotes to integrate two signals at a promoter in an AND fashion, i.e. the promoter is only activated in the presence of both signals. Here we present a new part for this function: a split intein T7 RNA polymerase. We divide T7 RNA polymerase into two expression domains and fuse each to a split intein. Only when both domains are expressed does the split intein mediate protein trans-splicing, yielding a full-length T7 RNA polymerase that can transcribe genes via a T7 promoter. We demonstrate an AND gate with the new part: the signal-to-background ratio is very high, resulting in an almost digital signal. This has utility for more complex circuits and so we construct a band-pass filter in Escherichia coli. The split intein approach should be widely applicable for engineering artificial gene circuit parts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":3001309,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2017102021","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gku884","PubMedCentral":"4231753","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nar\/article-pdf\/42\/19\/12322\/14121721\/gku884.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In a series of column experiments lasting for approximately 1500 pore volume, the effects of operational factors (flow rates, sand admixtures) and water quality factors (concentrations of DO, sulfate, phosphate and bicarbonate) on bromate removal capacity of zerovalent iron were investigated. The bromate removal capacity, obtained from migration of concentration profiles, was observed to decrease with increases in flow rate. In the case that 20 wt-% iron was replaced by sands, the bromate removal capacity increased, but, on the contrary, the bromate removal capacity inevitably decreased when the weight percentage was increased by two times. Dissolved oxygen played a minor role in decreasing the bromate removal capacity, this decreasing effect only prevailed near the proximal end of depassivating irons. The bromate removal capacity increased in the presence of 100mg\/L sulfate concentration but decreased when the sulfate concentration further increased. When comparing the effect on removal capacity for phosphate and sulfate, the inhibiting effect of phosphate on the bromate removal capacity was larger. Lastly, the removal capacity increased with increasing bicarbonate concentration, which may due to the formation of aqueous complexes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":97296448,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2073069995","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2166\/WS.2006.952","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A potentially powerful way to assist consumers in making dynamic shopping decisions is to disclose price information to them before they shop, for example by posting prices on the Internet. This paper addresses the differential impact of disclosing either only current, or both current and future prices, on consumer shopping decisions in multi-period tasks involving multiple product purchases. In the context of an Internet-based experiment, we find that consumer expenditure deviates more strongly from that of a normative model when both current and future prices are disclosed than if only current prices are disclosed. We investigate the behavioral effects underlying this finding by estimating a model that allows for variations in consumer discounting, strength of store price format preferences, as well as choice consistency between different price disclosure conditions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":2,"2024-26":1,"2024-22":1,"2013-20":1}},"corpusid":14130040,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2077429347","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.672083","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/repub.eur.nl\/pub\/11108\/TheImpactOfPrice.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Circumcision is the surgical removal of the skin covering the glans and is one of the oldest and most common surgical procedures in the world. Although there is evidence that the first circumcision was performed in Egypt in 4000\u00a0BC, according to some anthropologists, it dates back to the 10th millennium BC. The purpose of medical circumcision is to obtain enough foreskin to expose the glans penis and to prevent medical problems caused by the foreskin. Although it is known that the complications arising from these procedures are not well documented, the complication rates in the literature vary between 1 and 15%, when evaluated according to age, the rate of post-circumcision complications in newborns is reported to be approximately 0.2-0.6% and this rate is 10 times higher between the ages of 1-9. Various complications such as bleeding, infection, incomplete and insufficient circumcision, hematoma, penile adhesion, urinary retention, glanular injury, necrosis and urethral narrowing have been reported. In this book section, one of the complications, penile necrosis, will be explained in the light of the literature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":237799436,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3175695136","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5772\/intechopen.98642","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.intechopen.com\/citation-pdf-url\/77348","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study developed a designer-oriented smart home device computer-aided design tool that can help architectural designers to design smart home. This design tool is intended to incorporate smart home devices into overall spatial planning from the beginning of the planning process. Cloud computing [1] facilitates opportunities for online collaboration and coordination between individuals, between individuals and objects, and between objects, and will help speed the evolution smart home from centrally-controlled intelligent buildings to \"smart living space\" emphasizing distributed computation ability. This study employs (1) the theory of intelligent agents and (2) scenario-oriented design as an integrated framework for computer-aided design of smart home device. Smart home device are redefined based on agent theory. Agents' behavioral models include the five types of passive, reactive, active, interactive, and communicative; a comparison of these types provides a basis for the selection of home elements. Scenario-oriented design is employed to construct a smart living space (the AI. Living Lab.), which verifies the feasibility of the interface's operations. Finally, the resulting design methods and practical results are used to create a system development blueprint. Real life scenarios provide a basis for communication with smart home industry collaborators, enabling architectural designers to perform scenario modeling of a smart home proposal, quickly and conveniently establish a smart home information modeling system, and promote teamwork with smart home industry personnel.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":109020380,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1982129730","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.121-126.4284","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Biofilms are layered bacterial communities, attached to a surface in an aqueous environment, constructing a three-dimensional structure that is significantly different from the surrounding that free floating bacteria are found in. Bacteria within biofilms act together as a macrostructure, exhibiting typical characteristics such as a diffusion-limited substrate consumption and a strong antimicrobial resistance. The latter is often the reason why biofilms are so difficult to eradicate, which is a critical issue in cases when biofilms are harmful to their surroundings, for example in dental plaque. In wastewater treatment, however, biofilms are considered beneficial as they are used in biological treatment processes for degradation and collection of organic matter as well as nitrogen and phosphorus. The bacteria grow by consumption of a substrate, which is thereby removed from the wastewater, and produce a compound that is either harmless to the environment or that proceeds through further treatment, before the treated water is released into a receiving water body. Mathematical models of wastewater treatment systems are useful tools for process understanding, design, control and optimization and can prevent lengthy empirical studies. Contrary to the reality of a biofilm reactor, in which a certain amount of suspended biomass always remains present due to erosion from the biofilm, most biofilm reactor models do not include the suspended biomass, assuming its contribution to the process performance is negligible. In this work, we focus on a biofilm reactor with concurrent suspended growth and investigate mathematically the optimal substrate removal in the reactor with respect to the amount of removed substrate and with respect to treatment process duration. For this purpose we assume a reactor setup where the wastewater is fed from a storage reactor into a biological treatment reactor. The resulting two-objective optimal control problem is constructed with the flow rate between the reactors as the selected control and the treatment reactor is modeled by a system of three ordinary differential equations, which indirectly contain a two-point boundary value problem. Due to the singularity of the optimal control problem, it is impractical to determine its solution in the class of measurable functions and unfeasible to implement in reality. By instead choosing a class of off-on functions, motivated by the underlying biological process, we solve a simpler problem of reactor performance optimization. The off-on control functions initially have a no-flow period before switching to a constant flow rate that empties the storage reactor. For this optimal control problem we approximate the Pareto Front numerically and study the system behavior and its dependence on reactor and initial data. In general, we find that the limited potential to improve reactor performance through different control strategies is mainly due to an initial transient period during which the bacteria adapt to the environmental conditions in the reactor. The determination of the length of the transient period depends strongly on the initial state of the dynamic system, which is, thus, often unknown in real applications, wherefore the efficiency of reactor optimization, compared to the uncontrolled system with constant flow rate, is limited.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":129332607,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1595943885","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"There is a rapidly increasing range of techniques for prenatal detection of genetic diseases and a rapid increase in the number of conditions which may be so detected. Similarly, therapeutic procedures of varying degrees of effectiveness and acceptability are continually being added to the medical repertoire. The methods of regulating reproduction by manipulating fertilisation and the early embryo are used to bypass human infertility and to make transgenic animals. All these technical developments have potential effects on human reproduction and development, make it possible to have choices with regard to particular genetic diseases or fetal damage and clearly have ethical and legal implications. Finally the number of drugs, industrial and agricultural products which may be teratogenic to the human fetus is also increasing beyond the capacity for testing. The rights and needs ofsociety, the family, the mother, and the fetus differ, and may even be in apparent opposition, so that some basis for evaluation and decision is required. Some knowledge of genetics and medical techniques is necessary for lawyers and legislators, and some knowledge of the law for genetic counsellors, researchers and scientists concerned with resource allocation. Professors Elias and Annas represent medical genetics and health law respectively, and their book offers a sustained and solid effort to appraise and educate. The book is enjoyably lucid throughout and covers a wide range of theoretical and technical matters. It deals with fundamental aspects of DNA structure and replication, meiosis, chromosomal behaviour and defects, genetic segregation, and the response to teratogens. It deals with screening, counselling, (and sensitivity to clients) prenatal diagnosis, embryo transfer perinatal surgery, and methods of inserting genes into eggs or cells. It also deals with legal problems involved in counselling, abortion and treatment; analysing and commenting on case law and on the problems involved and it discusses quality of life criteria, relative risks and conflict of rights. It must seem ungrateful to wish that some problems which are touched upon too briefly or not at all had been discussed more fully. Since the main issues of the book all touch upon human need and human suffering and since the quality of life argument is an important part of the debate, (relevant to abortion versus treatment for example) then a better discussion oftherapy would be in order. Therapy is possible, in principle, for many metabolic diseases. It is less likely for those involving brain cells directly and seems unlikely for defects in structural proteins such as the collagen disorders. Specific dietary restrictions are outlined briefly for three genetic conditions, and perinatal surgery for a few more. Nothing is said of unpleasant treatments which may prolong life for a time, but are palliative only; for example, weekly blood transfusions and daily injections of an iron-chelating agent for thalassemia. The quality of life is also affected by conditions which are not lethal for infants but which lead to severe pain such as sickle cell anaemia or Fabry's disease. Changes to brain function may occur at teratogen levels too low to cause visible morphological change. A potentially normal fetus is irreversibly damaged in a phenotypically rescued mother homozygous for PKU, but the treatment they suggest is not properly tested and in any case prevention of microcephaly would not exclude possible deficits in intelligence and behaviour. With respect to industrial teratogens, exposure of a population may require wholesale offers ofabortion to all pregnant women, as at Seveso. More discussion on late onset genetic diseases would be valuable. An infant with Tay-Sachs will be soon dead, one with Duchenne muscular dystrophy will survive for several years, and Huntingdon's Chorea typically has a late onset. Arguments based on the number of valuable years of life must consider temporal gradations but the subjective experience of life before and during the degenerative period and the impact on the family also needs to be considered. There is only a brief mention of resource allocation, yet decisions in this area may have an enormous effect on most of the issues discussed. I hope that someone will write a book as clear and pleasant to read as this one, to illuminate English and Scottish laws, as this one has, for me, illuminated American law. There is a reasonable index, a good list of chapter references and several useful tables.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":73088047,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2161149331","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/jme.14.2.108-a","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/jme.bmj.com\/content\/medethics\/14\/2\/108.2.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nowadays consumer demand for local and global envir o mental quality, in terms of air pollution and, in particular, greenhouse gas emissions reduction, may help to drive to the introduction of zero emission vehicles. At this regard, the hydrogen tec hnology appears to have future market valuable potential. On the other hand, the use of hydrogen v ehicles which requires appropriate infrastructures for production, storage and refuelling stages, pres ents a lot of safety problems due to the peculiar chemicophysical hydrogen characteristics. Therefore , safe at the most practices are essential for the successful proliferation of hydrogen vehicles. Inde e , to avoid limit hazards it is necessary to implement practices that, if early adopted in the d evelopment of a fuelling station project, can allow very low environmental impact, safety being incorpo rated in the project itself. Such practices generally consist in the integrated use of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), HAZard OPerability (HAZOP) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), which constitute well established standards in reliability engineering. At this regard, however a dr wback is the lack of experience and the scarcity of the relevant data collection. In this work, we pres ent the results obtained by the integrated use of FMEA, HAZOP and FTA analyses relevant, for the mome nt, the high-pressure storage equipment in a hydrogen gas refuelling station. The study, that is intended to obtain elements for improving safety o f the system, can constitute a basis for further more refined works.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":169613636,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2801685070","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Since 1950, the annual GNP in China increased from 104 to 1401 Yuan per capita, while household real purchasing power quadrupled. In addition, food production and distribution also rose. China's improved standard of living has brought about several health changes: a reduction in diseases of poverty (high infant mortality, communicable disease, nutritional deficiency), the doubling of life expectancy from 35 years in the 1950s to 67 (male) and 71 (female) years, but it has increased diseases of affluence, such as obesity and cardiovascular disease. The three leading causes of death in China today are cancer, cerebrovascular disease, and myocardial infarction, while deaths from tuberculosis and acute infectious illness are markedly reduced. About 60 million of the population suffer from hypertension and a quarter that number has diabetes. Because China is a vast territory with different levels of development and types of diet, pockets of nutritional deficiency remain; about 35 million people are undernourished. While most of the population receive sufficient macronutrients to satisfy the Chinese RDA, they frequently lack micronutrients. Childhood rickets and iron deficiency anaemia are prevalent in rural regions and close to half of the children under three years of age in the autonomous regions and provinces suffer from these conditions. Chinese diets are changing. They are becoming more westernised and people are consuming more food of animal origin. This is most noticeable in cities where, in 1988, fat accounted for 30% of the caloric intake (up from 26% in 1981). In urban areas about 10% of woman and 5% of men are now obese. China is encouraging citizens to eat a variety of foods along more traditional lines, with plant foods constituting the bulk of intake, and a lesser amount of food of animal origin. In 1993, the State Council approved a national position paper entitled \"Outlines for China's Food Structure Reform and Development in the 1990s\". The government hopes that this will lead to a healthier national diet by the year 2000.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":19597322,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Digitalization of money is a crossroad in monetary history. Advances in technology have led to the development of new forms of money: virtual (crypto) currencies like bitcoin, stable coins like libra\/diem, and central bank digital currencies (CBDC) like the Bahamian sand dollar. These innovations in money and finance resonate with earlier shifts in monetary history: 1) the shift in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries from commodity money (gold and silver coins) to convertible fiduciary money and inconvertible fiat money; 2) the shift in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries from central bank notes to a central bank monopoly; and 3) the evolution since the seventeenth century of central banks and the tools of monetary policy. This paper makes the case for CBDC through the lens of monetary history. The bottom line is that the history of transformations in monetary systems suggests that technical change in money is inevitably driven by the financial incentives of a market economy. Government has always had a key role in the provision of outside money, which is a public good. Government has also regulated inside money provided by the private sector. This held for fiduciary money and will likely hold for digital money. CBDC could make monetary policy more efficient, and it could transform the international monetary and payments systems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":258131805,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3195702879","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3386\/w29171","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Iron diagenesis was studied in Quaternary sand deposits of a temperate climate using an integrated approach of sedimentary petrography and groundwater chemistry. The iron-bearing minerals, amphiboles, pyroxenes, magnetite, and ilmenite are all extensively altered. Quantitatively, amphiboles and pyroxenes are by far the most important. Goethite and lepidocrocite are the most important of the iron oxyhydroxide weathering products, and they coat quartz and feldspars as well as amphiboles and pyroxenes. However, lepidocrocite is absent in the unsaturated zone. Hematite is only present associated with magnetite and ilmenite. Total iron contents of the sediments range from 0.3-0.9 percent, with 30-80 percent as coatings on quartz and feldspar grains, 25-60 percent in the amphibole and pyrox ne fraction, and only 2-15 percent in the magnetite and ilmenite fraction. Therefore, amphiboles and pyroxenes are the most important sources of iron for these diagenetic processes. The groundwater has a pH between 5.5 and 6.0 and contains 10-30 \u00b5M Fe2+ and a low total of dissolved solids. Subtraction of the contribution of the dissolved solids from atmospheric precipitation indicates higher pH and HCO3-, SiO2, Ca2+, Na+m and Fe2+ concentrations due to mineral reactions in the aquifer. Stability relationships for iron-bearing minerals under the assumption of anoxic conditions show strong undersaturation for iron-bearing silicates, while undersaturation for magnetite and ilmenite is much less. The saturation state for magnetite is strongly dependent on the iron oxide phase formed by incongruent dissolution. The surfaces of iron silicates and magnetite are highly etch-pitted, indicating that mineral dissolution is controlled by surface reactions rather than by diffusion through alteration products. The rate of mineral alteration is slow in comparison with groundwater flow. Thus, diagenetic changes occur in the deposit as a whole rather than as a diagenetic front advancing through the deposit. The abundance of FeOOH on all detrital grains suggests that this proglacial deposit could develop into a red bed during further diagenesis. This possibility should be considered in the paleoclimatic interpretation of red beds.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":129242055,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2101920132","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1306\/212F8CE2-2B24-11D7-8648000102C1865D","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the metropolitan environment, marginalized spaces \u2013 and the people inhabiting them \u2013 are often associated with unproductivity, incompatibility, immorality, or even criminality. The ways in which certain agents (superheroes, for example) traverse the city can act against this practice of socio-spatial Othering, for they have the personal mobility required to experience the city's marginalized spaces and peoples on an intimate level. However, while mobility by itself can allow one to access these spaces\/peoples, it does not always allow them to truly understand them. The line between intimate engagement and total objectification is quite thin, and it often comes down to the individual superhero to determine which side of this line their enhanced access and perspectives will lead them. If they belong to one or more marginalized communities, then they are likely in a position to resist the notion that the city's fragments and citizens need to be alienated in order to be understood \u2013 and combatted. Diversity and mobility, therefore, in the context of law enforcement, are crucial for resisting practices that lead to spaces and communities being overlooked, or worse. Pluralizing the possible approaches to the enforcement of justice \u2013 in terms of who does the enforcing and the methods by which they do it \u2013 is ultimately beneficial for all of society, for longstanding prejudices can be exposed and the harm that follows them reduced.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":241480955,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.32920\/ryerson.14654382.v1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/rshare.library.ryerson.ca\/articles\/thesis\/Being_Moving_and_Enforcing_Justice_in_the_City\/14654382\/1\/files\/28136193.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We have exploited spatial holeburning to achieve remarkably stable single-frequency operation and mode-hop-free tuning over 300 free spectral ranges in an ytterbium-doped fibre laser with a simple standing-wave geometry. Fibre lasers in a simple standing-wave geometry can not usually generate a single-frequency output because the well-known effect of \"spatial holeburning\" reduces the mode selectivity in the gain medium. However, it has been noted that spatial holeburning in a doped but unpumped, thus reabsorbing section within the laser cavity has the opposite effect: the lasing longitudinal mode suffers a lower loss than all competing modes. This effect has previously been used for linewidth narrowing of an erbium-doped fibre laser [1], although stable single-frequency operation was not achieved in that case. In a more complicated ring laser [2], spatial holeburning in an unpumped standing-wave section has been shown to improve the stability of single-frequency operation. We have found that stable single-frequency operation can be achieved even in a very simple standing-wave configuration of an ytterbium-doped fibre laser, pumped at 975 nm and lasing (in our case) at 1040 nm. We use a 7 m long doped fibre where the pump power is absorbed within 1 m. The cavity is formed by a dielectric mirror at the input end and a fibre grating spliced to the other end. The beneficial holeburning effect in the 6 m long absorbing section more than compensates for the destabilizing effect of spatial holeburning in the pumped section: we measured that the lasing mode acquires a net gain advantage of about 1 dB against any competing longitudinal mode. This leads to remarkably stable single-frequency operation and we have been able to tune over 300 free spectral ranges without any mode hop. Fluctuations of pump power or ambient temperature (no temperature stabilization or insulation was used) also do not induce any mode hops. This result is of considerable importance because extraordinary stability is achieved in a most simple laser configuration without the need for expensive components like Faraday isolators, fibre couplers, or narrow-band optical filters. In addition, it is expected that this laser will have a very narrow linewidth","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137525194,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"655869818","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Despite the increase in body mass through childhood and adolescence is countered by the increase in height in the Body Mass\u00a0Index (BMI), this measure is inadequate for judging the degree of excess weight among the young. Unlike using clearly defined\u00a0cut points, same for any stage of adulthood, it is required to consult BMI-for-age charts, which can be a demanding exercise\u00a0when data analysis is involved. The waist circumference to height ratio (WCHR) was hypothesised to be invariant to age change,\u00a0and this is generally supported by the epidemiological evidence. This paper analyses a sample of NHANES data to find a\u00a0connection between BMI, WCHR and Age. A strong linearity between the anthropometric measures is demonstrated, thus\u00a0enabling estimation of WCHR for a given BMI and Age. The pattern of change of this parameter at BMI levels that indicate\u00a0the transition to overweight state or obesity thus becomes unravelled. The results strongly support the feasibility of a universal\u00a0WCHR threshold for the overweight state past early childhood and through adolescence, and the estimated one is similar to the\u00a0WCHR levels found elsewhere in the literature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":67087685,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2765635702","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5430\/JBEI.V4N1P1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Megaprojects usually involve an alarmingly large number of stakeholders that form a complicated social network and lead to significant relationship risks to client\/owners. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out megaproject risk management from a sociological point of view. Based on a case study of the Zhuhai Port, which connects Hong Kong, Zhuhai, and Macao, this paper analyzes the relationship risk between stakeholders and corresponding risk management strategies using social network analysis (SNA). The findings show that stakeholders with a lower density and higher centrality in the network have comparatively a lower relationship risk. Different stakeholders should choose appropriate partners to improve their centrality, reduce the network density to increase their ability to access resources, and enhance their influence and independence in the network. For megaproject client\/owners, identifying and monitoring key stakeholders is the key to effective relationship risk governance. The findings provide a number of practical implications for relationship risk management and further demonstrate the importance of stakeholder teamwork, particularly for megaprojects.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":204393619,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2977091836","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1426139","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ace\/2019\/1426139.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Fruit pods contain various beneficial compounds that have biological activities and can be used as a source of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products. Although pods or pericarps are usually discarded when consuming the edible parts of fruits, they contain some compounds that exhibit biological activities after extraction. Most fruit pods included in this review contain polyphenolic components that can promote antioxidant effects on human health. Additionally, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal and chemopreventive effects are associated with these fruit pod extracts. Besides polyphenolics, other compounds such as xanthones, carotenoids and saponins also exhibit health effects and can be potential sources of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical components. In this review, information on fruit pods or pericarp of Garcinia mangostana, Ceratonia siliqua, Moringa oleifera, Acacia nilotica, Sapindus rarak and Prosopis cineraria is presented and discussed with regard to their biological activity of the major compounds existing in them. The fruit pods of other ethno- botanical plants have also been reviewed. It can be concluded that although fruit pods are considered as being of no practical use and are often being thrown away, they nevertheless contain compounds that might be useful sources of nutraceutical and other pharmaceutical components.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":16222851,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2122558216","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/molecules171011931","PubMedCentral":"6268244","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/17\/10\/11931\/pdf?version=1403114123","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary Over the recent years, in a context of oil price instability faced by resiliently-high operational costs, all exploration risks need justification via thorough analysis performed on all the available data. In such contingency, re-processing with modern techniques all the accessible seismic surveys, even if very old, helps to retrieve the maximal information on the subsurface, fostering the decision-making process and the de-risking of successful exploration activities. The main objective of the presented study is the broadband processing of a technically- and geologically-challenging vintage marine 3D dataset from the Mediterranean Sea, via modern Pre-Stack Time Migration. The main geological target for the reprocessed dataset is represented by fractured Jurassic limestones. Severe seismic challenges are posed by the obsolete and unconventional acquisition pattern, along with the multiples and reverberations offered to the seismic image by the shallow-tilting and high-impedance Messinian salt\/evaporites. The authors hereby present a modern, innovative, and rigorous broadband re-processing for the improved imaging and illumination of the subsurface, applicable to all Mediterranean provinces.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":133767297,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2901161444","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3997\/2214-4609.201803048","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, development of a model using NN technique for prediction of GPS TEC over the Eastern Africa region is presented. TEC data was obtained from the Africa array and IGS network of ground based dual-frequency GPS receivers from 18 stations within the East African region. It covers approximately the area from ~2.6\u00b0N to ~26.9\u00b0S in magnetic latitudes and from ~95\u00b0E to ~112 o E in magnetic longitudes. The input layer of the developed model consisted of seven neurons which were selected by considering the parameters that are known to affect the TECv data. The results showed that when the number of hidden layer neurons surpassed about 18, the RMSEs were noted to continuously increase indicating poor predictions beyond this number. The RMSE at this point was observed to be about 5.2 TECU which was lowest of all. The errors and relative errors were fairly small. Developed NN model estimated GPS TECv very well compared to IRI model. It is established in this study that, the IRI electron density at F2 peak (NmF2) gives good GPS TECv prediction when added as an input neuron to the NN.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":210143039,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Gene fusions involving members of the NTRK family have been identified in several types of cancer. The use of TRK inhibitors in vitro and in vivo have demonstrated activity against a number of different NTRK fusions in different tumor types and most recently in a patient with an NTRK1 gene fusion (Doebele et al., Cancer Discovery 2015). Thus, the use of a pan-TRK inhibitor presents a therapeutic opportunity for multiple patient populations. LOXO-101 is an inhibitor of the TRK kinase and is highly selective for the TRKA\/B\/C family of kinases. Kinase domain (KD) mutations are the most common mechanism of acquired drug resistance found in patients. We therefore undertook a genetic approach to identify candidate resistance mutations in the TRK kinase domain. Methods: We used N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-exposed Ba\/F3-MPRIP-NTRK1, Ba\/F3-PAN3-NTRK2 and Ba\/F3-ETV6-NTRK3 cells to generate mutations that could allow growth of Ba\/F3 cells despite the presence of LOXO-101. Mutations identified in the initial screen were validated by cloning the mutation-bearing cDNAs back into Ba\/F3 cells to evaluate their sensitivity to LOXO-101 using both proliferation assays and TRK phosphorylation by immunoblot analyses. Modeling of the mutations was performed by predicting the consequences of the amino acid substitutions within the context of a drug-bound TRK kinase domain crystal structure. Results: We have identified three KD mutations within the TRKA kinase domain: V573M, and F589L, G667S. These mutations induce significant drug resistance in BA\/F3 cells to LOXO-101 in vitro compared to the unmutated MPRIP-NTRK1. Furthermore, these mutations do not show inhibition of phosphorylation of TRKA at doses that inhibit the native MPRIP-NTRK1. The TRKA F589 position corresponds to the gatekeeper position, homologous to L1196 in ALK or T790 in EGFR, and a common position for drug resistance mutations. The TRKA G667 lies adjacent to the F589 position in the ATP\/drug-bind pocket and similar resistance mutations have been observed in the ALK kinase domain following resistance to crizotinib. V573 is also positioned adjacent to both the G667 and F589 residues in the ATP-\/drug-binding pocket. Although a similar mutation has been observed in vitro in ALK (V1180M), it has not yet been reported in patient tumor samples. Analysis of additional candidate resistance clones is ongoing. Conclusion: This genetic screen identified several novel mutations in the TRK KD that may confer clinical resistance to LOXO-101. All three mutations identified to date appear to hinder binding by altering the ATP binding site of the kinase. These data should be confirmed in patients who develop clinical resistance, and may assist in the design of next generation TRK inhibitors to potentially overcome acquired resistance in patients treated with LOXO-101 or structurally similar TRK inhibitors. Citation Format: Adriana Estrada-Bernal, Anh T. Le, Brian Tuch, Tatiana Kutateladze, Robert C. Doebele. TRK kinase domain mutations that induce resistance to a pan-TRK inhibitor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr C65.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":87040728,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2338990099","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.TARG-15-C65","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"COSO has developed frameworks for firms to improve their internal controls with the objective of reducing fraud and managing enterprise risk. The frameworks are widely used by firms and their auditors to comply with the internal control requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). We investigate two issues involving the most recent COSO internal control framework (COSO 2013): the determinants of a firm's decision to adopt it in a timely manner; and the consequences of adoption on internal controls. In our sample, firms that report internal control problems under SOX 404, especially firms with information technology (IT) problems, are likely to be late adopters. Regarding the consequences of adoption, for late adopters, we find that firms using the revised COSO framework have a lower probability of reporting weaknesses in IT-related controls. We also find evidence that COSO 2013 adoption is helpful in remediating internal control weaknesses.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":244179677,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3204724677","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2308\/horizons-18-123","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose-The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of board structure on risk-taking. It also takes financial liberalization as a moderator between board structure and risk-taking. Design\/methodology\/approach- Data of variables of interest has been obtained from the annual reports of banks and statistical reports published by Central Bank of concerned countries. Ten banks have been selected from every ten Asian countries during the period 2005 to 2015. GMM estimator is used for data analysis. Findings- Findings of the study reveal that both board size and board independence decrease risk-taking practices in sample economies. Further, the presence of powerful CEOs on board structure increases risk-taking. The most robust result has been proved for board independence as compared with board size and CEO\/chairman duality. Financial liberalization moderates the relationship between board structure and risk-taking. Originality\/value- Most of the previously published studies in this area use only one type of financial liberalization at one time. This study includes both types of financial liberalization: domestic financial liberalization and transnational financial liberalization, at one time. Laeven financial liberalization index has been created for concerned economies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":210127718,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2990411843","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.51239\/nrjss.v0i0.84","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/nicerjss.com\/index.php\/JFME\/article\/download\/84\/86","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper we used the concept of compatible mappings of type (P) in D-metric space. Our result generalize the result of Parsai V. and Singh B., Fisher and Pathak. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 54H25, 47H10.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":53385877,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The pollution-routing problem (PRP) is a recently introduced green vehicle routing problem in the field of green logistics. It concerns routing a number of vehicles to serve a set of geographically dispersed customers within their time windows, jointly with determining their speed on each arc so as to minimize fuel and driving costs. Because of its complexity, all known solution methods are based on (meta-)heuristics. This paper presents an exact solution based on a branch-and-price algorithm for a variant of the PRP. The master problem is a set-partitioning problem, and the pricing problem is a speed- and start-time elementary shortest path problem with resource constraints, in which the speed and start time at the depot needs to be decided on for each individual route. The master problem is solved by means of column generation, and a tailored labeling algorithm is used to solve the pricing problem. New dominance criteria are developed to discard unpromising labels by exploiting the structure of the read...","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":20191457,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2465172346","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1287\/trsc.2015.0651","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/pure.tue.nl\/ws\/files\/65722138\/trsc.2015.0651.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A previous paper presented a quantitative economic comparison of reactive distillation with a conventional multi-unit system for a wide range of chemical equilibrium constants. Assuming constant relative volatilities (\u03b1 = 2), reactive distillation was shown to be less expensive than the conventional process. This paper extends this work to explore how the relative volatilities affect the design of these flowsheets in two ways:\u2009 (1) relative volatilities between adjacent products and reactants are reduced, and (2) relative volatilities are temperature dependent. A fundamental difference between the two flowsheets is the ability in the conventional process to adjust the reactor temperature and distillation column temperatures completely independently, which is not possible in the reactive distillation process. Results show that when relative volatilities are temperature dependent and decrease significantly as temperatures approach those required for reasonable reaction rates, the reactive distillation colum...","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":96309827,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2040430935","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/IE040051V","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ni(\u2161) was reduced to Ni atom irreversibly by a one-step reaction in acetamide-urea-NaBr melt at 353K. The electron-transfer coefficient, and the diffusion coefficient, D0 were determined to be 0.21 and 1.15\u00d710-8 cm2.s-1 on Pt electrode. Although the Ce(\u2162)and the Mg(\u2161)cannot be reduced to Ce and Mg alone, they can be inductively codeposited with Ni(\u2161)to obtain an amorphous Ce-Mg-Ni alloy film by potentiostatic electrolysis. The content of Ce in the alloy increase with the increasing of the molar ratio of Ce(\u2162)\/Ni(\u2161) and reaches to the maximum of 49.70 wt%. The content of Mg in the alloy increase with the increasing of the cathode potential and the maximum was 4.558wt%.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":96002613,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2025966710","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.311-313.798","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this study was to quantify differences in enamel surface roughness following treatment with an air abrasive system when compared to a rubber cup and pumice. The coronal portion of 40 bovine teeth were tested. Half of the teeth were placed in a control group and cleansed with a rubber cup and pumice, the other half or \"test\" group were treated with an air-powder polisher. All teeth were exposed to the given cleansing agent for a time equivalent to a 15-year recall program. Pre- and post-treatment surface evaluation was completed using a surface profilometer. In addition, representative samples were evaluated before and after cleansing under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of this study showed no statistically significant increase in enamel surface roughness in teeth cleansed with the air polisher when compared to the roughness of the control teeth. This was confirmed visually by use of SEM taken at magnifications of up to x1000. The findings of this study indicate there is no significant alteration of the enamel surface when a tooth is treated with an air-powder polisher for the equivalent of a 15-year recall program.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":10963314,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2465388040","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nWe investigated whether the timing of administration of contrast medium after onset of acute pancreatitis is critical in determining the magnitude of microcirculatory derangement.\n\n\nMETHODS\nAn acute pancreatitis model in male Sprague-Dawley rats (225-275 g) was established by continuous infusion of cerulein (15 mg\/kg per hour). The mean arterial pressure was monitored continuously by means of a femoral artery catheter. Diatrizoate (Hypaque-76), a water-soluble contrast medium, was delivered through a femoral vein catheter at doses corresponding to those given to humans, either 1, 2, or 3 hours after pancreatitis induction. In vivo microscopy and laser-Doppler flowmetry were used to investigate microcirculatory derangement. The water contents of the pancreas and lung, the malondialdehyde levels of the pancreas, and the trypsinogen activation peptide levels in the serum were measured at the end of the experiment (8 hours after infusion of cerulein).\n\n\nRESULTS\nEarly administration of contrast medium (1 hour after pancreatitis induction) resulted in significantly greater changes in microcirculation and mean arterial pressure than did late administration (2 or 3 hours after pancreatitis induction). Rats given contrast medium 1 hour after induction also had highest pancreas and lung water contents, the highest pancreas malondialdehyde levels, and the highest serum trypsinogen activation peptide levels.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nThese results show that a water soluble contrast medium that is often used for computed tomographic imaging of the pancreas can adversely affect the pancreatic microcirculatory parameters, such as tissue perfusion and leukocyte sticking, and hemodynamics in a cerulein-induced model of acute pancreatitis. Early administration seems to cause more severe derangement of the pancreatic microcirculation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":21392825,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2040892183","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200004000-00017","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective This study investigated the mechanism of RP11-422N16.3 sponging miR-23b-3p in cell proliferation, apoptosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in liver cancer. Methods Expressions of RP11-422N16.3, miR-23b-3p and dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (DMGDH) were determined in liver cancer tissues, adjacent normal tissues, hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines and normal liver epithelial cell line. Up-regulation of RP11-422N16.3 and down-regulation of miR-23b-3p were conducted in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assay and RNA-pull down assay were performed to verify the relationship among miR-23b-3p, DMGDH, as well as RP11-422N16.3. Cell proliferation and cell apoptosis were determined by CCK-8 and Flow Cytometry analysis, respectively. Results Expressions of RP11-422N16.3 and DMGDH were down-regulated while that of miR-23b-3p were up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma cancer tissues and cells. RP11-422N16.3 localized in cytoplasm and competitively bound to miR-23b-3p. Up-regulation of RP11-422N16.3 and down-regulation of miR-23b-3p contributed to increased expressions of DMGDH and E-cadherin, and decreased expressions of miR-23b-3p, ZEB1, Snail and Vimentin, resulting in inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell apoptosis. Inhibition of RP11-422N16.3 or overexpression of miR-23b-3p accelerated cell proliferation and slowed down cell apoptosis. miR-23b-3p inhibited the expression of DMGDH. Conclusion Our data suggested that LncRNA RP11-422N16.3, by competitively binding to miR-23b-3p, promoted DMGDH expression, contributing to inhibit cell proliferation and EMT, and induce cell apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":209387430,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2995631303","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S232243","PubMedCentral":"6913766","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present a simple and powerful technique for testing with a prescribed precision whether a set of 2D lines meet at a given point. The method is based on a probabilistic framework and has a fundamental geometric interpretation. We use this technique for detecting vanishing points in images. We developed a very simple algorithm that yields state-of-the-art results at a much lower computational cost than its competitors. The presentation of the proposed formulation is complemented with numerous examples.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":13962574,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2014890989","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.2014.7025210","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In Terrorism, Freedom, and Security, Philip B. Heymann undertakes a wide-ranging study of how the United States can \u2014 and in his view should \u2014 respond to the threat of international terrorism. A former Deputy Attorney General of the United States Department of Justice (\"DOJ\") and current James Barr Ames Professor of Law at Harvard Law School, Heymann draws on his governmental experience and jurisprudential background in developing a series of nuanced approaches to preventing terrorism. Heymann makes clear his own policy and legal preferences. First, as his choice of subtitle suggests, he firmly rejects the widely used metaphor of the United States engaging in a \"war\" on terrorism. Heymann views this mental model and the policies it spawns or is said to justify as, at best, incomplete, and, at worst, ineffective in preventing terrorist attacks and harmful to democracy in the United States (pp. 19-36). Second, Heymann advocates the paramount importance of intelligence to identify and disrupt terrorists' plans and to prevent terrorists from attacking their targets (p. 61). Heymann observes that the United States needs both \"tactical intelligence\" to stop specific terrorist plans and \"strategic intelligence\" to understand the goals, organization, resources, and skills of terrorist organizations (p. 62).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":52526544,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Rural communities, like all communities, face myriad social, economic and ecological challenges as they endeavor to resolve precarious dependencies on critical, energy-intensive and supply-chain extensive resource systems. With increasing impacts of climate change and related incidents of human and more-than-human displacements, including losses of life and habitat, rural communities have become beset with frequent, prolonged and persistent recovery and coping obligations.\u00a0The progressive resolution of injustices will need to occur in the face of serious ecological stressors. Designing for and increasingly demonstrating social work practices that prioritize the multi-modal skills of sustainable living may well be the most effective means to realize and sustain environmental justice advancements. Practitioners, educators, researchers and students engaged in mobilizing social work's professional commitments to environmental justice causes would be well-served by acquiring the knowledge and skills needed to realize sustainable livelihoods. Permaculture design principles and methods are cited as means for social work professionals to begin with their own personal and professional practices. Considerations for social work practice, research and education are provided.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":167933758,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2133318470","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.61611\/2165-4611.1075","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/digitalcommons.murraystate.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1075&context=crsw","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The issue of privatisation is not new. It has been debated since the end of the 1970s following a major financial crisis and the subsequent 'crisis' of the public sector. The once celebrated welfare state that has been a core institution in many industrialised European countries has been under various forms of pressure: financial, social, managerial, but also of political legitimacy. Ideologically, the welfare state has been challenged by (neo)liberals who have seen it as not only financially unsustainable, but also antithetical to the goals of economic efficiency and the pursuit of personal liberties. Its operations have also been attacked by political pragmatists who have seen its cumbersome bureaucratic nature as increasingly problematic. The answer for this latter group was not (necessarily) privatisation but the increased diversity of providers (often all state providers) competing for resources in order to increase the state's responsiveness and effectiveness. (Published: 16 September 2013) Citation: Education Inquiry (EDUI) 2013, 4 , 22610, http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3402\/edui.v4i3.22610","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":154569090,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2104068645","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3402\/edui.v4i3.22610","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3402\/edui.v4i3.22610?needAccess=true&role=button","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The continued relevance of the second-order elections (SOE) theory is one of the most widely debated issues in the study of European Parliament (EP) elections. While the theory has been criticised from many angles, the recent success of populist, extremist, and Eurosceptic parties raises additional questions about the applicability of a model that depicts EP elections as a low-stakes affair revolving around national issues. This article tests the SOE model with party-level data from all 175 EP elections held between 1979 and 2019. While turnout in EP elections remains well below participation rates in national elections, the 2019 EP elections were marked by a significant reduction in the average turnout gap. Across all election years, party size is the most potent predictor of electoral gains and losses in EP elections. Incumbency is associated with electoral losses in most EP election years. These effects are moderated by the electoral cycle and the electoral system in some but not all years. The expectation that the SOE model performs worse in countries with fragmented party systems was not confirmed. All in all, the SOE model continues to wield significant explanatory power in both the West and the East.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":233889895,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3131132446","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0263395720986026","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0263395720986026","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of peripheral arterial disease in patients with diabetic \nfoot. \nSTUDY DESIGN: Prospective descriptive study. \nPLACE AND DURATION: This study was conducted at Medical Unit-IV Liaquat University Hospital, \nJamshoro\/Hyderabad from February 2007 to August 2008. \nPATIENTS & METHODS: Diabetic patients with non-healing foot ulcer, were selected for the \nstudy by non-probability purposive sampling technique. Ankle brachial index (ABI) was calculated; \nperipheral arterial disease (PAD) was diagnosed when ankle brachial index was less than \n0.9 and further graded as mild, moderate and severe as per recommendations of American Diabetes \nAssociation. Frequencies with proportions in different grades were calculated. \nRESULTS: A total of 67 diabetic foot patients were included, amongst which 51 (76.1%) were \nmales and 16 (23.9%) were females. Peripheral arterial disease was found in 30 (44.78%) patients, \namong them 18 (60%) had mild, 12 (40%) had moderate and none had severe peripheral \narterial disease. \nCONCLUSION: Ankle brachial index (ABI) is a simple and cheap technique for the diagnosis of \nperipheral arterial disease (PAD). The PAD is one of the major risk factors for diabetic foot, \nwhich can be prevented by monitoring ABI in at-risk patients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":74724386,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2188806576","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper studies power allocation for performance constrained dual-hop variable-gain amplify-and-forward (AF) relay networks in Nakagami- m fading. In this context, the performance constraint is formulated as a constraint on the end-to-end signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and the overall power consumed is minimized while maintaining this constraint. This problem is considered under two different assumptions of the available channel state information (CSI) at the relays, namely full CSI at the relays and partial CSI at the relays. In addition to the power minimization problem, we also consider the end-to-end SNR maximization problem under a total power constraint for the partial CSI case. We provide closed-form solutions for all the problems which are easy to implement except in two cases, namely selective relaying with partial CSI for power minimization and SNR maximization, where we give the solution in the form of a one-variable equation which can be solved efficiently. Numerical results are then provided to characterize the performance of the proposed power allocation algorithms considering the effects of channel parameters and CSI availability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":206798013,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2032669079","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2014.2329267","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Dr. Sommer states that he was charged by the Local Government of Western Australia to examine and to trace out a scam of coal found by accident about a year ago in the bed of a creek or temporary river called the \"Irwin,\" at a distance of 200 miles northwards from Perth. He begins his description with Port Grey, or as the northern division of that diluvial segment is called. Champion Bay. Both divisions or bays are separated and in a great measure formed by a small peninsula of two miles in length and three-quarters of a mile in breadth, stretching nearly from east to west; composed of a peculiar kind of oolitic limestone of combined coral and shell formation and covered with sand. The older parts of the line of coast in this neighbourhood, as well as the islands of a corresponding age, rest on a more crystalline secondary limestone. The newer portions of the coast, with the long reefs which shelter the bay against north-west gales, and the numerous groups of low islands, called the Abrolhos, are composed of a softer oolite resting on compact, often crystalline coral, The same marine agent operates still, as well in forming new bays and islands as in shutting up old bays (converting them first into estuaries and then into diluvial soil), and in shutting up the rivers of Western Australia with bars.\n\nThese new diluvial formations are materially assisted by hills of quicksand driven by wind and waves over the reefs","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":128954246,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2023316437","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.JGS.1849.005.01-02.17","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"After prolonged parenteral nutrition a 12 month old infant died with pulmonary hypertension and granulomatous pulmonary arteritis. A review of necropsy findings in 41 infants who had been fed parenterally showed that two of these also had pulmonary artery granulomata, while none of 32 control patients who died from sudden infant death syndrome had similar findings. Particulate contaminants have been implicated in the pathogenesis of such lesions and these were quantified in amino acid\/dextrose solutions and fat emulsions using automated particle counting and optical microscope counting respectively. Parenteral feed infusions compounded for a 3000 g infant according to standard nutritional regimens were found to include approximately 37,000 particles between 2 and 100 microns in size in one day's feed, of which 80% were derived from the fat emulsion. In-line end filtration of intravenous infusions may reduce the risk of particle associated complications. A suitable particle filter is required for use with lipid.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":2,"2024-18":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":20032558,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2064181631","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/adc.67.12.1475","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/adc.bmj.com\/content\/archdischild\/67\/12\/1475.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Questions: Which are the main vegetation types of lowland hay\nmeadows and pastures inWestern and Central Europe?What are\nthemain environmental gradients that drive patterns of species\ncomposition? Is it possible to classify these grasslands to\nphytosociological alliances that reflectmanagement practices?\nLocation: Western and Central Europe (excluding the Alps and\nCarpathians). Methods: A database of 21 400 vegetation plots of\nmesic grasslands acrossWestern and Central Europe was compiled.\nAfter geographically stratified resampling, semi-supervised\nclassification based on the K-means algorithm was applied to\nassign a subset of plots into 32 a priori association-level\nvegetation types and to search for new typeswithin the subset\nof non-assigned plots. The vegetation plots assigned into the\nfinal vegetation types were submitted to another K-means\nclassification to showthe grouping into higher-level vegetation\ntypes. Results: A total of 36 associations were distinguished\nin the resampled subset of 8277 vegetation plots and were\ngrouped into four large groups: (1) eutrophic and intensively\nmanaged hay meadows and permanent pastures; (2) nutrient-rich\ngrasslands developed from recently abandoned fields or managed\nunder irregular practices of mowing and manuring; (3)\nnon-eutrophic lowland and submontane hay meadows; (4)\nextensively managed pastures and Atlantic grazed hay meadows. A\nPCoA of the associations of these four groups showed that\nextensively managed pastures were floristically more similar to\nnon-eutrophic hay meadows than to permanent intensively managed\npastures,which wasmore obvious in the Atlantic region than in\nCentral Europe. Species composition of the lowland hay meadows\nwas clearly differentiated according to biogeographic sectors.\nOther floristic differenceswere related to climate, altitude,\nsoil base status and topography. Conclusions: This analysis\nchallenges the traditional concept ofmesic grassland alliances\nseparating hay meadows from pastures. New classification should\nbe based mainly on the differences in management intensity\nrather than in management practice. Consequently, nutrient-poor\nextensive pastures, which currently are not considered in the\nEuropean Habitats Directive, should receive the same\nconservation attention as low-intensive hay meadows, because\nboth types of vegetation can be equally species-rich and do not\ndiffer substantially in floristic composition from each other.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":90512270,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2783801141","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Rumour stance classification, the task that determines if each tweet in a collection discussing a rumour is supporting, denying, questioning or simply commenting on the rumour, has been attracting substantial interest. Here we introduce a novel approach that makes use of the sequence of transitions observed in tree-structured conversation threads in Twitter. The conversation threads are formed by harvesting users' replies to one another, which results in a nested tree-like structure. Previous work addressing the stance classification task has treated each tweet as a separate unit. Here we analyse tweets by virtue of their position in a sequence and test two sequential classifiers, Linear-Chain CRF and Tree CRF, each of which makes different assumptions about the conversational structure. We experiment with eight Twitter datasets, collected during breaking news, and show that exploiting the sequential structure of Twitter conversations achieves significant improvements over the non-sequential methods. Our work is the first to model Twitter conversations as a tree structure in this manner, introducing a novel way of tackling NLP tasks on Twitter conversations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":2976840,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2526848774","ACL":"C16-1230","DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1609.09028"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Poly(cyclohexene oxide) (PCHO)\/clay nanocomposites were prepared by means of in situ photoinitiated cationic polymerization with initiator moieties immobilized within the silicate galleries of the clay particles. Diphenyliodonium molecules were intercalated via cation exchange process between Cloisite Ca and diphenyliodonium. The polymerization of CHO through the interlayer galleries of the clay can provide a homogenous distribution of the clay layers in the polymer matrix in nanosize and results in the formation of PCHO\/clay nanocomposites. The rates of clay loadings were changed to 1%, 3%, and 5% so as to investigate the effect of clay and initiator amount on polymer. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods were used for the characterization of modified clay and nanocomposite materials. Thermal stability of PCHO\/MMT nanocomposites was also studied by both differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":54975763,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2032385351","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/617498","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jchem\/2013\/617498.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Spending by households represents a significant component in the UK economy and the ability to model the effects of socio-economic change on household expenditure is crucial at both the commercial and governmental level. This is usually done by estimating the parameters of a demand system. However, there are several difficulties associated with this approach including, representing the heterogeneity of economic units, the dimensionality of a complex budget set and the specification of the functional form. One way to avoid these is to develop a model that directly simulates the individual units in what is known as a microsimulation. However, models of this type have been found to be complex and expensive to develop. This thesis investigates the possibility of simplifying the development process by using an agent-based modelling toolkit called NetLogo. The idea is tested by constructing a model to project the demographic characteristics of the UK population over time, showing that NetLogo provides a powerful and efficient platform for microsimulation modelling. Then it applies what is known as a random assignment scheme to model household expenditure. This is based on the idea of copying the expenditure pattern from a donor, which is in some sense similar to the receiving unit. Random assignment is then tested by developing a series of models of the effect of demographic and economic change on UK household expenditure patterns. The thesis contributes to methods and tools for modelling household expenditure by developing a framework for the analysis of household spending patterns based on the application of micro-level concepts and techniques throughout. This makes it possible to do what could not be done before which is to have a convenient way to model household expenditure that places no limit on the level of disaggregation or the number of goods represented.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":155993674,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2198200606","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"DOI: 10.7764\/RDLC.17.1.172 The constant increase in the requirement for electric energy on the part of the service sector has driven the development of tools for the analysis of energy data regarding the management of buildings. Particularly university campuses are made up of buildings for different purposes and uses. Therefore, this work proposes to develop a method capable of providing clear and easy-to-understand information to track electricity end-use by means of two-dimensional graphs. The aim of the method is to analyse the data of the electricity consumption of one or several buildings and compare them with regard to their surface areas and uses, as well as to obtain a correlation with the outdoor temperature. The visual analysis of the building electricity consumption in the campus 'Sciences et Technologies' of the University of Bordeaux in France is based on graphs which include electricity use intensity, time series of daily electricity consumption, scatter diagrams of consumption versus heating degree-days, and boxplots for daily consumption profiles. This analysis permits characterising the electricity consumption of the different types of buildings and determining a trends of energy end-use in the short as well as in the long term.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":54584109,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2801033167","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7764\/RDLC.17.1.172","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In conjunction with the increasing ubiquity of technology, computing educators have identified the need for pedagogical engagement with ethical awareness and moral reasoning. Typical approaches to incorporating ethics in computing curricula have focused primarily on abstract methods, principles, or paradigms of ethical reasoning, with relatively little focus on examining and developing students' pragmatic awareness of ethics as grounded in their everyday work practices. In this paper, we identify and describe computing students' negotiation of values as they engage in authentic design problems through a lab protocol study. We collected data from four groups of three students each, with each group including participants from either undergraduate User Experience Design students, Industrial Engineering students, or a mix of both. We used a thematic analysis approach to identify the roles that students took on to address the design prompt. Through our analysis, we found that the students took on a variety of \"dark\" roles that resulted in manipulation of the user and prioritization of stakeholder needs over user needs, with a focus either on building solutions or building rationale for design decisions. We found these roles to actively propagate through design discourses, impacting other designers in ways that frequently reinforced unethical decision making. Even when students were aware of ethical concerns based on their educational training, this awareness did not consistently result in ethically-sound decisions. These findings indicate the need for additional ethical supports to inform everyday computing practice, including means of actively identifying and balancing negative societal impacts of design decisions. The roles we have identified may productively support the development of pragmatically-focused ethical training in computing education, while adding more precision to future analysis of computing student discourses and outputs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":237154834,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/3446871.3469754","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3446871.3469754","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary: Three Pseudomonas aeruginosa phages specific for bacteria harbouring the P-group plasmid RP1 have been isolated, and their properties compared with those of a previously described sex-specific phage, PRR1 (Olsen & Shipley, 1973). These phages are distinguishable from each other by various criteria, although in terms of host range to FP+ and RP+ lines of P. aeruginosa\npao they comprise broadly two groups. Thus all the phages infect bacteria harbouring any of a group of plasmids with similar properties to those of RP1, but whereas the filamentous phage Pf3 is specific for this group, the host ranges of PRR1, PR3 and PR4 are considerably wider. Nevertheless, with one exception, this does not extend to plasmids isolated outside the United Kingdom, which suggests that all these plasmids share a common ancestry even though by other criteria they constitute three fairly discrete subgroups. Of the plasmids that fail to allow phage propagation, three, when present in the same cell as RP1, reduce its susceptibility to phage infection. This inhibition may reflect a relationship between these elements, similar to that found among plasmids of Enterobacteria. A correlation is observed between the susceptibility of bacteria to phage infection and their ability to mediate plasmid transfer, such that these phages can conveniently be used to isolate both derepressed or transfer-defective mutants of various R factors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":20518796,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2107890692","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1099\/00221287-84-2-332","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099\/00221287-84-2-332","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background The glyoxalase system including two thiol-dependent enzymes, glyoxalase I (Glo-I) and glyoxalase II, plays an important role in a ubiquitous metabolic pathway involved in cellular detoxification of cytotoxic 2-oxoaldehydes. Tumor cells have high glycolytic activity, leading to increased cellular levels of these toxic metabolites. The increased activity of the detoxification system in cancerous cells makes this pathway a viable target for developing novel anticancer agents. In this study, we examined the potential utility of non-glutathione-based inhibitors of the Glo-I enzyme as novel anticancer drugs. Methods Computer-aided drug design techniques, such as customized pharmacophoric features, virtual screening, and flexible docking, were used to achieve the project goals. Retrieved hits were extensively filtered and subsequently docked into the active site of the enzyme. The biological activities of retrieved hits were assessed using an in vitro assay against Glo-I. Results Since Glo-I is a zinc metalloenzyme, a customized Zn-binding pharmacophoric feature was used to search for selective inhibitors via virtual screening of a small-molecule database. Seven hits were selected, purchased, and biologically evaluated. Three of the seven hits inhibited Glo-I activity, the most effective of which exerted 76.4% inhibition at a concentration of 25 \u00b5M. Conclusion We successfully identified a potential Glo-I inhibitor that can serve as a lead compound for further optimization. Moreover, our in silico and experimental results were highly correlated. Hence, the docking protocol adopted in this study may be efficiently employed in future optimization steps.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":16919115,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2516316020","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S110997","PubMedCentral":"4993257","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A bayesian network is a directed acyclic graph in which each node represents a variable and each arc a probabilistic dependency; t hey are used to provide: a compact form to represent the knowledge and flexible method s f reasoning. Obtaining it from data is a learning process that is divided in two s teps: structural learning and parametric learning. In this paper we define an automatic lear ning method that optimizes the bayesian networks applied to classification, using a hybrid method of learning that combines the advantages of the induction techniques of the decision trees (TDIDT C4.5) with those of the bayesian networks. The resulting m ethod is applied to prediction in health domains.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":174683702,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"355086699","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: To determine the relation between days on ventilatory support and overall mortality to total days of pre- ventilator illness in COVID-19 patients. \nStudy Design: Cross-sectional study. \nPlace and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Mar to Aug 2020. \nMethodology: A total of 140 admitted patients within the prescribed time frame were observed in the established COVIDIntensive Care Units of Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. The criteria for inclusion in the study were patients of any age and gender on ventilatory support with a confirmatory diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 both by RT-PCR, and radiological evidence on HRCT Chest. \nResults: The mean age of patients was 59.39 \u00b1 13.517 years. Patients who presented with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 and more than ten days of illness with respiratory compromise had a higher occurrence to be placed on mechanical ventilation. There was a strong linear and positive correlation between the total days of illness on presentation and the total days on ventilatory support (p-value <0.01). This linear relationship consequently translated into overall mortality of 78.6% with a 21.4% survival rate. \nConclusion: To conclude, the total days of illness in critical COVID-19 patients had a linear relationship to days on ventilatory support and overall mortality.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":254392036,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.51253\/pafmj.v72i2.5697","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/www.pafmj.org\/index.php\/PAFMJ\/article\/download\/5697\/4015","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Prins cyclizations are intramolecular electrophilic additions of oxocarbenium ions. They lead to tetrahydropyrans with a heteroatom at the 4-position, and usually show moderate-to-high selectivity for equatorial substitution. We have found that Prins cyclizations carried out under specific conditions produce tetrahydropyrans with almost exclusive formation of the axial 4-substituent. TMSBr, AcBr, and TMSI all lead to axial-selective Prins cyclizations with alpha-acetoxy ether substrates in the presence lutidine. The mechanism appears to involve solvolysis of the intermediate alpha-bromo ether rather than specific or Lewis acid-catalyzed rearrangement. The scope of the reaction, the high yields, and the stereoselectivity make this a valuable new method for tetrahydropyran formation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":38173815,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/ja046972e.s001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/figshare.com\/articles\/journal_contribution\/Axial_Selective_Prins_Cyclizations_by_Solvolysis_of_Bromo_Ethers\/3328333\/1\/files\/5167543.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Detection of a compound object is a critical problem in target recognition. For example, buildings form an important class of shapes whose recognition is important in many remote sensing based applications. Due to the coarse resolution of imaging sensors, adjacent buildings in the scenes appear as a single compound shape object. These compound objects can be represented as the union of a set of disjoint rectilinear shaped objects. Separating the individual buildings from the resulting compound objects in a segmented image is often difficult but important nevertheless. In this paper we propose a new and efficient technique to decompose a compound shape into a set of simple rectilinear shapes. First, the true interior and exterior corner points of the compound object are extracted. A modified corner detector based on polygonal approximation is proposed to accurately determine the boundaries of compound shapes. The compound shape is then split at the interior corner points to minimize the difference between the perimeter of the compound object and the sum of the perimeters of the decomposed objects. We have systematically compared the results our algorithm with those of existing approaches and the results show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate than the algorithms in the literature in terms of accuracy of perimeter estimation and computational cost.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":55149930,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2786518912","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3906\/ELK-1608-50","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"From the first implementation in its purely hydrodynamic configuration, to the last configuration under the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) system, several specific modelling applications of the Regional Ocean Modelling Systems (ROMS, www.myroms.org) have been put forward within the Adriatic Sea (Italy) region. Covering now a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, they developed in a growing number of fields supporting Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) and Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) activities in this semi-enclosed sea of paramount importance including the Gulf of Venice. Presently, a ROMS operational implementation provides every day hydrodynamic and sea level 3-days forecasts, while a second one models the most relevant biogeochemical properties, and a third one (two-way coupled with the Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN) model) deals with extreme waves forecast. Such operational models provide support to civil and environmental protection activities (e.g., driving sub-models for oil-spill dispersion, storm surge, coastal morphodynamic changes during storms, saline wedge intrusion along Po River), in a growing context of stake-holders at regional, national and international level. Besides, ROMS and COAWST research based activities are also carried out, mostly aiming at investigating sediment transport, eggs and larvae dispersion, hypoxic events in the basin; through successive nesting very high resolutions nearshore the Italian coast can be reached, allowing to simulate river mouth environments and artificial reefs. Resulting outputs, written in NetCDF CF compliant format, are delivered via THREDDS Data Server to a growing number of users around the world.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":119267836,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1895784413","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1309.7600"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Regenerated cellulose is a class of material formed by dissolving and regenerating cellulose into certain product. Regenerated cellulose has potential to be developed into environmentally friendly biodegradable plastic especially because abundance of cellulose in nature. Cotton is one of main source of cellulose that consist 86 \u2013 98% of its mass. In this research, waste cotton from textile industry are used as source of cellulose which extracted via sulfuric acid hydrolysis process with concentration varied in 0,5; 1; 1,5; and 2 M in 100\u00b0C for 2 hours to obtain cellulose with various molecular weight. Regenerated cellulose is prepared by dissolving cellulose with NaOH 7 wt%\/Urea 12 wt% which then formed by solution casting method. Molecular weight of cellulose was investigated by viscosity average molecular weight method using Ubbelohde viscometer. Thermogravimetry Analysis (TGA), water absorption test, and biodegradability test are conducted to investigate the influence of molecular weight to the thermal degradation, water absorption, and biodegradability of obtained regenerated cellulose plastic respectively. The result showed that the decrease of molecular weight causing the thermal degradation and water absorption to decrease but increasing the biodegradability of the obtained regenerated cellulose plastic. Highest thermal degradation temperature hailed resulted from usage of cellulose with molecular weight 2.73 x 104 g\/mol which is 316\u00b0C as the lowest water absorption and highest mass loss after soil burial test is resulted from molecular weight 1.94 x 104 g\/mol with value 49,60% and 50,55% respectively. This research showed that regenerated cellulose is promising to be applied as biodegradable plastic.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":217295365,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2996780779","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Knowledge regarding the management of orthopaedic surgery in patients with rare bleeding disorders (RBDs) is limited. Retrospective data collection and analysis of 35 orthopaedic procedures (6 minor and 29 major) carried out in 22 patients with RBD between 1982 and 2013. These surgeries were performed using heterogeneous regimens of hemostatic therapy, except for seven procedures performed with no hemostatic treatment in four patients with mild factor deficiency. Of the 28 procedures carried out with hemostatic treatment, nine (32%) were performed using replacement therapy with dosages of concentrates of the deficient factor aimed to achieve perioperative plasma levels judged to be compatible with hemostasis; three (11%) using factor replacement therapy associated with fresh frozen plasma (FFP); four (14%) using recombinant activated factor VII; four (14%) using virus inactivated plasma alone; three (11%) using virus inactivated plasma associated with desmopressin; one (4%) using FFP alone; and four (14%) procedures using tranexamic acid alone. Bleeding complications occurred in 7 of 35 procedures (20%) involving five patients. Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism was performed only in one case with no excessive bleeding, but two patients not on thromboprophylaxis developed superficial thrombophlebitis. A satisfactory control of hemostasis was achieved in most patients. In some of those characterized by mild factor deficiency (FVII, FXI) hemostatic treatment could be avoided in some instances. The control of hemostasis combined with an adequate surgical technique is needed for the successful outcome of orthopaedic surgery in RBDs that requires the involvement of specialized haemophilia centres.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":30325157,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2080998692","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/hae.12387","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hall probe magnetometry has been used to investigate the magnetization of individual cylindrically shaped Pb nanowires grown by electrocrystallization on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite electrode. These measurements have been interpreted by comparison with three-dimensional Ginzburg-Landau (GL) calculations for nanowires with our sample parameters. We find that the measured superheating field and the critical field for surface superconductivity are strongly influenced by the temperature-dependent coherence length, xi(T) and penetration depth lambda(T) and their relationship to the nanowire diameter. As the temperature is increased toward T-c this drives a change in the superconductor-normal transition from first order irreversible to first order reversible and finally second order reversible. We find that the geometrical flux confinement in our type-I nanowires leads to the formation of a one-dimensional row of single-quantum vortices. While GL calculations show a quite uniform distribution of vortices in thin nanowires, clear vortex bunching is found as the diameter increases, suggesting a transition to a more classical type-I behavior. Subtle changes in minor magnetization loops also indicate that slightly different flux configurations can form with the same vorticity, which depend on the sample history.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":49384385,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2005888647","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PHYSREVB.83.224504","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Model enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica express hundreds of small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs), targets for most of which are yet unknown. Some sRNAs are remarkably well conserved, indicating that they serve cellular functions that go beyond the necessities of a single species. One of these 'core sRNAs' of largely unknown function is the abundant \u223c100-nucleotide SdsR sRNA which is transcribed by the general stress \u03c3-factor, \u03c3S and accumulates in stationary phase. In Salmonella, SdsR was known to inhibit the synthesis of the species-specific porin, OmpD. However, sdsR genes are present in almost all enterobacterial genomes, suggesting that additional, conserved targets of this sRNA must exist. Here, we have combined SdsR pulse-expression with whole genome transcriptomics to discover 20 previously unknown candidate targets of SdsR which include mRNAs coding for physiologically important regulators such as the carbon utilization regulator, CRP, the nucleoid-associated chaperone, StpA and the antibiotic resistance transporter, TolC. Processing of SdsR by RNase E results in two cellular SdsR variants with distinct target spectra. While the overall physiological role of this orphan core sRNA remains to be fully understood, the new SdsR targets present valuable leads to determine sRNA functions in resting bacteria.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":12555378,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2460394763","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkw632","PubMedCentral":"5137417","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/nar\/article-pdf\/44\/21\/10406\/9598446\/gkw632.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"People with diabetes may inject s.c. insulin in different body regions. To address if choice of injection region affects insulin icodec exposure and glucose-lowering effect, this study compared icodec administration in different s.c. injection regions. In a randomized, open-label, three-period crossover trial, 25 individuals with T2D on basal insulin (22 males; mean\u00b1SD age 60\u00b17 yrs, BMI 30.7\u00b14.6 kg\/m2) received single s.c. icodec doses (5.6 U\/kg) in the thigh, abdomen and upper arm (9-13 weeks washout) . Blood was sampled for pharmacokinetics (PK) until 840 h (35 days) post-dose. Glucose-lowering effect was assessed at 36-60 h post-dose in an automated glucose clamp (target 135 mg\/dL) . Total icodec exposure (AUC0-\u221e,SD) was similar after single-dose s.c. injection in the thigh, abdomen and upper arm (Table) . Maximum concentration (Cmax,SD) was higher for abdomen\/upper arm vs. thigh. Extrapolation of PK profiles to steady state using a PK model showed smaller differences in Cmax,SS for abdomen\/upper arm vs. thigh than after single dose. Partial glucose-lowering effect 36-60 h after single dose (AUCGIR,36-60h,SD) was comparable across injection regions (geom. mean [CV%] of 1961 [51], 2130 [52] and 2391 [40] mg\/kg for thigh, abdomen and upper arm) .\n In conclusion, insulin icodec can be administered s.c. in the thigh, abdomen or upper arm with essentially similar exposure and glucose-lowering effect.\n \n \n \n L. Plum-moerschel: Other Relationship; Eli Lilly and Company, Gan & Lee Pharmaceuticals, Novo Nordisk A\/S. L. R. Andersen: None. S. Hansen: None. U. H\u00f6velmann: None. P. Krawietz: None. N. R. Kristensen: Employee; Novo Nordisk. L. Lang lehrskov: Employee; Novo Nordisk A\/S. H. Haahr: Employee; Novo Nordisk A\/S, Stock\/Shareholder; Novo Nordisk A\/S.\n \n \n \n Novo Nordisk","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":249262380,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2337\/db22-106-lb","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Distributionally robust learning (DRL) is increasingly seen as a viable method to train machine learning models for improved model generalization. These minimax formulations, however, are more difficult to solve. We provide a new stochastic gradient descent algorithm to efficiently solve this DRL formulation. Our approach applies gradient descent to the outer minimization formulation and estimates the gradient of the inner maximization based on a sample average approximation. The latter uses a subset of the data sampled without replacement in each iteration, progressively increasing the subset size to ensure convergence. We rigorously establish convergence to a near-optimal solution under standard regularity assumptions and, for strongly convex losses, match the best known O( \u22121) rate of convergence up to a known threshold. Empirical results demonstrate the significant benefits of our approach over previous work in improving learning for model generalization.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":245010783,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract:Stephen Smith argues against what he calls 'the duty view' of damages awards in private law. The duty view is the view according to which 'damage[s] awards confirm existing legal duties to pay damages.' I am credited with advancing 'the most plausible' version of the duty view \u2013 namely, the 'inchoate duty view' according to which the court makes determinate, by its award, what was up to then an indeterminate legal duty. I respond here by arguing that strictly there is no such thing as a liability to pay damages. It is a liability to be required to pay (a specified sum in) damages.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":202255828,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2952608107","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3138\/UTLJ.2019-05-22","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A mixed micellar assay was used to study the in vitro binding of [3H]phorbol-12, 13-dibutyrate ([3H]PDBu) to pure recombinant protein kinase C (PKC)-alpha, -beta 1, -beta 2, -gamma, -delta, -epsilon, and -zeta isotypes expressed in the baculovirus\/insect cell system. Scatchard analysis revealed that all isotypes except PKC-zeta were able to specifically bind PDBu, with Kd values ranging from 1.6 to 18 nM in the presence of calcium. In the absence of calcium PKC-alpha, -beta 1, -beta 2, and -delta were observed to have a 2-3-fold drop in affinity, although Bmax values remained unchanged, at a stoichiometry of 1.4-2.8 mol of PDBu\/mol of enzyme. Competition with specific [3H]PDBu binding was assessed for the phorbol esters PDBu, 12-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-O-acetate, 12-deoxyphorbol-13-O-phenylacetate, 12-deoxyphorbol-13-O-phenylacetate-20-acetate, thymeleatoxin, resiniferatoxin, and sapintoxin A. Resiniferatoxin and 12-deoxyphorbol-13-O-phenylacetate-20-acetate were found to compete effectively only with PDBu bound to the PKC-beta 1 and -beta 2 isotypes and were the least potent of the phorbol esters tested (IC50, > 5 microM). The phorbol esters sapintoxin A, 12-deoxyphorbol-13-O-phenylacetate, 12-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-O-acetate, and PDBu (in order of potency) competed for binding to all isotypes (IC50 values ranging from 2 to 70 nM), with unchanged or slightly decreased potency when calcium was replaced by ethylene glycol bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid. Thymeleatoxin, which was similar in other respects to these potent phorbol esters, was found to be less able to compete with binding to PKC-alpha and -epsilon isotypes (IC50, 3-5 microM). It appears that, whereas the binding of phorbol esters to PKC depends primarily on the C20 substituent, other areas of the molecule have an influence on this interaction and the PKC isotypes themselves display heterogeneity in their phorbol ester-binding characteristics.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":34747907,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2317377932","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. Due to a large vertical gradient and strong variability of water vapour, algorithms that are effectively applied for ground-based remote sensing of many different atmospheric trace gases can be insufficient for the retrieval of tropospheric water vapour profiles. We review the most important features of the retrieval and of the radiative transfer modelling required for accurate monitoring of tropospheric water vapour profiles by ground-based FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) experiments. These are: a fit of a variety of different water vapour lines with different strength, a logarithmic scale inversion, a speed dependent Voigt line shape model, and a joint temperature profile retrieval. Furthermore, the introduction of an interspecies constraint allows for a monitoring of HDO\/H2O ratio profiles.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":43984209,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2121956476","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/AMT-2-609-2009","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We used 3-dimensional computed tomographic images to create a disease-based transesophageal echocardiographic simulation system for complex congenital heart defects. We enrolled 7 pediatric patients with complex congenital heart defects in this proof-of-concept study. Preoperative computed tomographic images and intraoperative transesophageal echocardiographic images were acquired for all patients. Two- and 3-dimensional computed tomographic cross-sectional images were created to simulate the process of transesophageal echocardiographic image acquisition. Computed tomographic images simulating the midesophageal 4- and 5-chamber views, aortic valve short-axis views, long-axis views, and ascending aortic short-axis views were created to correspond with the actual transesophageal echocardiographic images from each patient. Four reviewers then evaluated the image quality of the computed tomographic images, the agreement between the echocardiographic and tomographic images, and the ability of the 3-dimensional computed tomographic full-volume and cross-sectional images to yield the spatial and temporal congruence of transesophageal echocardiograms. In most of the patients, computed tomography yielded images of good-to-excellent quality. Strong agreement was noted between the computed tomographic and transesophageal echocardiographic images acquired in the same patients. The ability of 3-dimensional computed tomography to yield the spatial and temporal congruence of transesophageal echocardiography in selected planes was also good to excellent. We found that 3-dimensional computed tomographic images can simulate the process of transesophageal echocardiography in acquiring the echocardiographic image clearly. This imaging method has the potential to be applied successfully to a disease-based transesophageal echocardiographic simulation system.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":31672916,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1740306782","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nIn order to investigate whether CARD9 gene is associated with IBD in Chinese Han population, we replicated 2 SNPs of CARD9 which have been reported to be significantly associated with IBD.\n\n\nMETHODS\nTwo SNPs were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers in 288 patients (232 CD patients, 56 UC patients) and 274 controls.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThe frequencies and distributions of alleles and genotypes of the tested SNPs were analyzed, and no significant differences were found between patients and controls.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nWe observed no significant association between the investigated CARD9 SNPs and the susceptibility of either CD or UC. Further studies with larger sample size focusing on different ethnicities are required to elucidate the correlation between CARD9 and IBD.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":31725101,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2415263509","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Handover is the process of switching among the available services without any interruption. Vertical handover is a technique of switching from one type of a network to another type of network (e.g., from WiFi to WiMAX). Seamless handover between different access technologies is a great challenge as it needs to obey different performance of QoS and security constraints. Service users are becoming more demanding regarding roaming capabilities across different networking technologies such as WiFi, WiMAX, and CDMA as they claim service continuity with QoS requirement and good security features. Vertical Handover Decision (VHD) algorithms need to be designed to provide the required Quality of Service (QoS) to a wide range of applications while allowing seamless roaming among a number of access network technologies. This paper is about the implementation of the VHD algorithms designed to satisfy these requirements. A combination of 3 parameters i.e.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":14183609,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2185835985","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For over a hundred years, the histological study of tissues has been the gold standard for medical diagnosis because histology allows all cell types in every tissue to be identified and characterized. Our laboratory is actively working to make technological advances in X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) that will bring the diagnostic power of histology to the study of full tissue volumes at cellular resolution (i.e., an X-ray Histo-tomography modality). Toward this end, we have made targeted improvements to the sample preparation pipeline. One key optimization, and the focus of the present work, is a straightforward method for rigid embedding of fixed and stained millimeter-scale samples. Many of the published methods for sample immobilization and correlative micro-CT imaging rely on placing the samples in paraffin wax, agarose, or liquids such as alcohol. Our approach extends this work with custom procedures and the design of a 3-dimensional printable apparatus to embed the samples in an acrylic resin directly into polyimide tubing, which is relatively transparent to X-rays. Herein, sample preparation procedures are described for the samples from 0.5 to 10 mm in diameter, which would be suitable for whole zebrafish larvae and juveniles, or other animals and tissue samples of similar dimensions. As proof of concept, we have embedded the specimens from Danio, Drosophila, Daphnia, and a mouse embryo; representative images from 3-dimensional scans for three of these samples are shown. Importantly, our methodology leads to multiple benefits including rigid immobilization, long-term preservation of laboriously-created resources, and the ability to re-interrogate samples.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":53220625,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2897426288","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3791\/58293","PubMedCentral":"6235553","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/pdf\/58293\/rigid-embedding-fixed-stained-whole-millimeter-scale-specimens-for","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The goal of this thesis was to investigate light-matter interaction in nanophotonic devices based on site-controlled pyramidal quantum dots (QD) in photonic crystal (PhC) cavities. These QDs provide position and spectral control, which is hardly achievable by the widely exploited self-assembled QD-based systems, thus allowing almost ideal cloning of differently designed devices in thousands of copies on the same chip. Thus, we conducted statistical studies of the optical properties of a large variety of photonic structures without concerns about significant deviations from the targeted layout. In particular, we addressed the influence of the QD position with respect to the electrical field pattern of the cavity mode (CM) on the optical properties of the QD excitonic transitions. We integrated a single pyramidal QD in a linear PhC membrane cavity with three missing holes (L3 PhC cavity) at a set of well-defined positions, among which were points corresponding to the first and the second CM lobes as well as a CM node. Taking advantage of the high reproducibility of the fabricated devices, we aimed at providing statistical evidence of the impact of the positioning of a single dipole on the CM-induced Purcell enhancement. Interestingly, we observed a clear Fano-like resonance in the QD emission component co-polarized with a CM that vanished for devices with a QD at the CM node. Further developing pyramidal QD-based QD-PhC cavity integration technology, we successfully implemented the integration of up to 4 QDs with an L7 PhC cavity. For several such structures we identified the optical transitions of each QD by means of spatial scanning micro-photoluminescence, accompanied with correlations in spectral wandering traces. We demonstrated phonon-assisted weak coupling of 4 different QD excitons with the same CM. Using a combination of temperature- and water condensation- induced exciton-CM tuning allowed probing the coupling of the 4 QDs to different CMs, thereby probing the modal spatial profiles. In parallel, we explored spectral diffusion and spectral wandering processes of QD excitons. As a tool, we developed a correlation technique based on the observation of transitions between different excitonic energy levels induced by the quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE). This technique allowed us to study the nature of charged centers in the vicinity of the QD, leading to spectral jumps between discrete emission energies of the QD excitons. Relating the QD exciton energy to the amplitude of the electric field inducing the QCSE allowed observing unusual spectral response of the QD upon increasing the charge density in its vicinity. Additionally, it allowed probing the ratio between the dipole moments of different excitonic complexes. Scanning spectrally a CM with a single QD exciton tuned by the fluctuations of the built-in electric field, we observed emission intensity enhancement associated with the CM-induced Purcell effect. We also observed an irreversible QCSE-induced giant exciton spectral shift accompanied by the intensity intermittency. Finally, we evidenced a strong dependence of the observed spectral wandering and emission intermittency effects on the sample light exposure history, clearly exhibiting a photon-activated charge trapping in the QD vicinity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":125436722,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2749534022","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5075\/EPFL-THESIS-7675","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Awareness of culturally diverse young people's rights and needs to sexuality education has been raised internationally. However, existing literature has generally focused more on how culturally diverse young people navigate western mainstream societies, leaving the Asian context underexamined. This paper explores the experiences and views of South Asian minority youth of sexuality education at home and in school in Hong Kong, informed by rights-based and cultural competence perspectives of sexuality education, and using a qualitative descriptive methodology. The findings identified four themes: (1) the double silence experienced at home and school; (2) marriage within the same religion and caste; (3) gender role expectations to be caring women and protective men, and (4) the need for culturally targeted sexuality education. This paper contributes to scholarship on sexuality education by advancing the knowledge base by means of a case study conducted in Hong Kong, an Asian multicultural context that differs from western multicultural societies. It elucidates the meaning of cultural sensitivity and cultural competence by stressing the negotiability of cultural norms and taboos and identifying the practical implications for conducting sexuality education in a multicultural city like Hong Kong.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":253130409,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/14681811.2022.2134103","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Despite the saturation of global media coverage, Osama bin Laden's own writings have been curiously absent from analysis of the \"war on terror.\" Over the last ten years, bin Laden has issued a series of carefully tailored public statements, from interviews with Western and Arabic journalists to faxes and video recordings. These texts supply evidence crucial to an understanding of the bizarre mix of Quranic scholarship, CIA training, punctual interventions in Gulf politics and messianic anti-imperialism that has formed the programmatic core of Al Qaeda. In bringing together the various statements issued under bin Laden's name since 1994, this volume forms part of a growing discourse that seeks to demythologize the terrorist network. Newly translated from the Arabic, annotated with a critical introduction by Islamic scholar Bruce Lawrence, this collection places the statements in their religious, historical and political context. It shows how bin Laden's views draw on and differ from other strands of radical Islamic thought; it also demonstrates how his arguments vary in degrees of consistency, and how his evasions concerning the true nature and extent of his own group, and over his own role in terrorist attacks, have contributed to the perpetuation of his personal mythology.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":126706576,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"621060686","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/20031889","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract:\u2002 A family with congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia type III was studied. Twenty patients and 10 of their healthy siblings were clinically examined and questioned about their medical history. Blood sampling and bone marrow aspirations were also performed. Forty\u2010five percent of the patients reported symptoms of anaemia and 35% regularly felt weakness, fatigue, or headache. However, the majority of the patients regarded themselves as healthy. The bone marrow showed a uniform picture of erythroid hyperplasia with multinuclear erythroblasts and gigantoblasts with up to 12 nuclei. There was laboratory evidence of intravascular haemolysis and mild anaemia. We also observed a high prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (3 cases) and myeloma (1 case) among the patients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":35022901,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2036691672","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0609.1994.tb01283.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Recently, consumer depth cameras have gained significant popularity due to their affordable cost. However, the limited resolution and the quality of the depth map generated by these cameras are still problematic for several applications. In this paper, a novel framework for the single depth image superresolution is proposed. In our framework, the upscaling of a single depth image is guided by a high-resolution edge map, which is constructed from the edges of the low-resolution depth image through a Markov random field optimization in a patch synthesis based manner. We also explore the self-similarity of patches during the edge construction stage, when limited training data are available. With the guidance of the high-resolution edge map, we propose upsampling the high-resolution depth image through a modified joint bilateral filter. The edge-based guidance not only helps avoiding artifacts introduced by direct texture prediction, but also reduces jagged artifacts and preserves the sharp edges. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method both qualitatively and quantitatively compared with the state-of-the-art methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":53306068,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2195231623","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2015.2501749","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The microhabitat selection and distribution of 6 coral-associated species of Gobiodon were examined in the Gulf of Aqaba, northern Red Sea, including 3 recently discovered species. A total of 1626 fishes were counted visually using 10 \u00d7 1 m belt transects in 1731 colonies of 13 species of Acropora. Niche segregation was observed at the level of coral species. Gobiodon sp. 2 was the most specialised, occupying only A. hyacinthus; Gobiodon sp. 1 was most generalised (occupying 3 species of Acropora more frequently than expected). G. reticulatus was a zone specialist that pre- ferred deeper water regions. Less specialised species were able to use substitute host corals, which enabled them to maintain extraordinarily high abundance. G. histrio, for example, preferred the rare A. digitifera, but was common in the very abundant A. acuminata, although proportionally fewer breeding pairs were established in the latter. When compared to the western Pacific, G. histrio showed a more generalised behaviour in the northern Red Sea, and different coral species served as host corals; the latter also holds true for the even more generalised G. rivulatus. Hence, species of Gobiodon appear to alter host-use and degree of specialisation on a global scale.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":55250988,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1999645623","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3354\/MEPS342265","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Emotions in academic opinionsAccording to the general opinion, the assessment of scientific dissertations should be emotionally neutral and reliable. However, many evaluations contain emotional expressions. The author argues that linguists have no experience and theoretical basis for speaking about emotions. The author defines the scope of available linguistic research on emotions. The emotions found in the dissertations are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively on the basis of a large body of evaluations of Polish scientific papers. Linguistic means of expressing emotions are rarely used, but they are also correct stylistic means.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":216498824,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3012238221","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.19195\/0137-1169.38.1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.19195\/0137-1169.38.1","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the large bandwidth-delay product (BDP) networks, it has been demonstrated that the explicit control protocol, XCP, outperforms TCP and remains efficient, fair, and stable. However, once a packet drop is detected, an XCP's congestion management should follow TCP's Van Jacobson congestion control. In other words, congestion window should be halved and the fast retransmission\/fast recovery, congestion avoidance algorithms should be applied. In the mean time, congestion window should be reduced by the value of the negative feedback. In this article, we present a smart window adjustment scheme for XCP's congestion management to shorten the response time and improve network performance","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":13264878,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2112848318","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICACT.2006.206011","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A method of representing approximately an empirical magnetizing curve is outlined in this article. An example illustrating application of the method is included.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":139092619,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We study the role of strong particle\/particle interactions and stochastic fluctuations emanating from the micro-\/sub-grid scale, in the context of a simple prototype hybrid system consisting of a scalar linear ordinary differential equation (ODE), coupled to a microscopic spin flip Ising lattice system. Due to the presence of strong interactions in the lattice model, the mean-field approximation of this system is a Fitzhugh\u2013Nagumo-type system of ODE. However, microscopic noise and local interactions will significantly alter the deterministic and spatially homogeneous mean-field Fitzhugh\u2013Nagumo behaviours (excitable, bistable and oscillatory) and will yield corresponding regimes with phenomena driven by the interaction of nonlinearity and noise across scales, such as strong intermittency, metastability and random oscillations. Motivated by these observations we consider a class of stochastic numerical approximations based on systematic coarse-grainings of stochastic lattice dynamics. The resulting stochastic closures give rise to computationally inexpensive reduced hybrid models that capture correctly the transient and long-time behaviour of the full system; this is demonstrated by detailed time series analysis that includes comparisons of power spectra and auto- and cross-correlations in time and space, especially in examples dominated by strong interactions between scales and fluctuations, such as nucleation, intermittent and random oscillation regimes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":17862764,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2123526294","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/0951-7715\/19\/5\/002","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction\n Intensive multi-agent treatment has boosted survival up to 80% of pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients. Nevertheless, relapsed patients have a poor prognosis due to acquired therapy resistance while most survivors have detrimental chemotherapy-induced side effects. Therefore, novel targeted therapies are urgently needed since further intensification of the current standard treatment regimen is not feasible for refractory\/relapsed cases.\n Protein kinase inhibitors (PKIs) are amongst the most successful cancer treatments. Targetable kinases activated by gene fusions are rare in T-ALL and include subclonal NUP214-ABL1 fusion in 6% of cases or other rare clonal ABL1 fusions. Nevertheless, leukemic blasts rely on enhanced kinase signaling to sustain their dysregulated proliferation. Protein kinases can be hyper-activated even in the absence of defects in their genes. Thus, together with the identification of genomic aberrations, phospho-proteomics can provide information on pathway activation, signaling networks and aberrant kinase activities that offer important opportunities for targeted therapies.\n Aim\n Here, we aimed to identify and quantify kinase activation in T-ALL cell lines that may yield differential sensitivity to PKIs in vitro. This approach could pinpoint targetable leukemia vulnerabilities and provide effective (combination) treatment strategies.\n Methods\n Protein extracts from 11 T-ALL cell lines were enriched for phospho-peptides by titanium dioxide enrichment and anti-phospho tyrosine immunoprecipitation followed by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (MS). Subsequently, the Integrative Inferred Kinase Activity (INKA) pipeline was used to rank activated kinases in our panel (Beekhof et al., 2019). Based on these data, selected kinase inhibitors were tested in vitro as single treatment or in combinations. Eventually, drugs of interest were further tested ex vivo in a cohort of T-ALL patient-derived xenografts (PDXs).\n Results\n MS-based phospho-proteome profiling of 11 T-ALL cell lines identified about 3700 tyrosine phospho-sites and more than 13300 serine\/threonine phosphorylation sites. We found SRC-family kinases including LCK, SRC, FYN, and YES1 as most activated kinases in many T-ALL cell lines while ABL1, ZAP70, LYN, and FGR were detected only in specific lines. Additionally, other kinases including CDK1\/2 and PAK1\/2 were found to be activated in all the cell lines while activation of the INSR\/IGF-1R axis was detected only in a subset of lines. We then tested cellular response to multiple clinically relevant PKIs based on predicted kinase activities. The in vitro drug screening showed an effective response and G1-arrest following treatment with the CDK1\/2 inhibitor milciclib in all the cell lines tested, with IC50 values between 10nM and 1uM.\n Despite a general SRC-family kinases activation profile, dual SRC\/ABL inhibitors like dasatinib reduced cellular viability only in cell lines with ABL1 fusions or LCK translocations (IC50 < 10nM) while other lines lacking ABL or LCK rearrangements were affected at much higher drug concentration (IC50 > 3uM, which is beyond the clinical achievable plasma concentration). Thus, PKIs were tested in combination with other relevant inhibitors based on additional kinase activities detected. Interestingly, the concomitant inhibition of the SRC-family kinases by dasatinib and the INSR\/IGF-1R axis by BMS-754807 led to a drastic reduction of cell viability at nanomolar concentrations even in cell lines that did not respond to dasatinib, identifying a novel possible effective combination strategy for T-ALL.\n Eventually, we tested clinically relevant PKIs in 50 PDXs ex vivo and identified various T-ALL samples with a high sensitivity to dasatinib single treatment (IC50 < 100nM) as previously reported by others (Frismantas et al., 2017). Moreover, 70% of our PDXs efficiently responded to the broad spectrum kinase inhibitor midostaurin (IC50 < 1uM), highlighting the importance of targeting multiple signaling nodes simultaneously to tackle T-ALL vulnerabilities.\n Conclusions\n Ranking kinase activities and signaling networks from phospho-proteomic data can guide the use of PKIs as treatment option for T-ALL patients. Moreover, kinase activity profiling can provide insights for efficient treatment combination strategies to develop personalized medicine.\n \n \n No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":228902576,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3096780341","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1182\/BLOOD-2020-139259","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Many computer science departments are debating the role of programming languages in the curriculum. These discussions often question the relevance and appeal of programming-languages content for today's students. In our experience, domain-specific, \"little languages\" projects provide a compelling illustration of the importance of programming-language concepts. This paper describes projects that prototype mainstream applications such as PowerPoint, TurboTax, and animation scripting. We have used these exercises as modules in non-programming languages courses, including courses for first year students. Such modules both encourage students to study linguistic topics in more depth and provide linguistic perspective to students who might not otherwise be exposed to the area.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":206292658,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2039366948","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0956796809990281","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper aims to answer two main issues confronting Hallyu\u2014first is the Korean Wave\"s sustainability as a form of pop culture, and second is its feasibility as a tool for soft diplomacy. The researcher has attempted to answer these questions through an analysis of various texts from authors and sociologists whose works focus on South Korea, Hallyu, and its implications on international relations. This paper finds that the reproducibility of a \"distinct Korean element\" in its visual and auditory media products affirms the possibility of Hallyu\"s sustainability. Apart from this, other factors suggesting the Korean Wave\"s longevity are 1) the growing number of transnational and multicultural co-productions and collaborations with Asian neighbors, and 2) the potential of success in other ventures, such as animation, games, beauty, fashion, and\u00a0cuisine. Despite the probable success of Hallyu as a pop culture, various texts have suggested that it is an insufficient tool for soft diplomacy. Conflicting case studies in the Southeast Asian regions, problems in crafting a single, representative image for the country, and a one-way flow of cultural exchange poses challenges in establishing the soft power of Korea.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":59579626,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2763318800","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"It is well established that hydrodynamic journal bearings are responsible for self-excited vibrations and have the effect of lowering the critical speeds of rotor systems. The forces within the oil film wedge, generated by the vibrating journal, may be represented by displacement and velocity coefficient~ thus allowing the dynamical behaviour of the rotor to be analysed both for stability purposes and for anticipating the response to unbalance. However, information describing these coefficients is sparse, misleading, and very often not applicable to industrial type bearings. Results of a combined analytical and experimental investigation into the hydrodynamic oil film coefficients operating in the laminar region are therefore presented, the analysis being applied to a 120 degree partial journal bearing having a 5.0 in diameter journal and a LID ratio of 1.0. The theoretical analysis shows that for this type of popular bearing, the eight linearized coefficients do not accurately describe the behaviour of the vibrating journal based on the theory of small perturbations, due to them being masked by the presence of nonlinearity. A method is developed using the second order terms of Taylor expansion whereby design charts are provided which predict the twentyeight force coefficients for both aligned, and for varying amounts of journal misalignment. The resulting non-linear equations of motion are solved using a modified Newton-Raphson method whereby the whirl trajectories are obtained, thus providing a physical appreciation of the bearing characteristics under dynamically loaded conditions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":109608250,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1524979560","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) required America's public schools to make every student proficient in reading, math and science by the year 2014. The 2004 amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (\"IDEA\") attempted to reconcile the IDEA with the NCLB. The IDEA gives parents the right to negotiate educational programs for their children with disabilities and creates procedures to protect the parents' role. The 2004 IDEA amendments unjustifiably reduced the power of parents of children with disabilities to negotiate appropriate educational programs for their children. The changes have the greatest impact on parents with limited financial means. The heart of the IDEA is its promise of a free appropriate public education in the most integrated setting possible. The IDEA's strategy for providing education in an integrated environment to students whose unique needs require specially tailored educational programs is to guarantee an individualized educational program (IEP) for each eligible child. The IDEA seeks to guarantee the appropriate content of individualized programs by giving the parents of each eligible child a significant role in determining the program. Parents not only have the right to participate in drafting the IEP, but they have the right to seek administrative and judicial review of the content and implementation of an IEP. The 2004 amendments to the IDEA and two subsequent U.S. Supreme Court cases have made it more difficult and more expensive for parents to obtain meaningful review of school actions. The IDEA needs to be amended to restore and strengthen the role of parents in the education of children with disabilities.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":173289479,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"157881836","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Simulation studies for a full-scale anaerobic unit of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) were performed using the anaerobic digestion model no. 1 (ADM1). The anaerobic full-scale plant consists of one mesophilic and one thermophilic digester, operated in an anaerobic sequential batch reactor (ASBR) mode, and sludge enrichment reactors (SER) for each digester. The digesters are fed with a mixture of vegetable waste and process wastewater from the food factory. Characteristics such as COD(total), N(total) and NH(4)-N concentrations in the influent and effluent of the digester and SERs were measured and used for input fractionation. Parameters such as level, pH, biogas amount and composition in the digester were measured online and used for calibration. For simulation studies, different temperatures and operation modes with varying chemical oxygen demand (COD) input loads corresponding to feedstocks such as fruits, vegetables and grain were analysed and compared. Higher gas production and digestion efficiency in the thermophilic reactor and in shorter cycles were found and confirmed at full scale. Serial operation mode increased the gas production, but pH inhibition occurred earlier. Feeding only biosolids into digester I and the effluent of digester I together with process water into digester II further improved gas production in serial operation mode.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2017-13":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":25999257,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1989460606","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2166\/wst.2012.887","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Over the past several years we have been impressed by the large number of presentations at meetings and reports in scientific journals describing the use of intravitreal silicone oil for the treatment of complicated retinal detachments. Judging by the number of such presentations and reports, one might assume that silicone oil is of proven efficacy in the treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy and other retinal disorders. Indeed, in many parts of the world, silicone oil has become part of the standard care for various types of retinal detachments. Unfortunately, in spite of the extensive experience accumulated regarding the use of intravitreal silicone oil, major uncertainties have guided the Food and Drug Administration in its decision to require further clinical testing before approving silicone oil for general use within the eye. To aid the accumulation of necessary data regarding the safety and efficacy of intravitreal silicone oil, the National Eye Institute is","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":2843560,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2052114542","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/ARCHOPHT.1988.01060130349017","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A retrieval scheme for liver computerize tomography (CT) images based on Gabor texture is presented.For each hepatic CT image, we manually delineate abnormal regions within liver area. Then, a contin-uous Gabor transform is utilized to analyze the texture of the pathology bearing region and extract thecorresponding feature vectors. For a given sample image, we compare its feature vector with those ofother images. Similar images with the highest rank are retrieved. In experiments, 45 liver CT images arecollected, and the effectiveness of Gabor texture for content based retrieval is verified.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2015-18":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":123692224,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2269703852","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper we present algorithms to approximate the solution for the multiparametric 0-1-mixed integer linear programming problem relative to the objective function. We consider the uncertainty for the parameters that define the cost vector corresponding to a subset of 0-1-variables by assuming that each parameter belongs to a known interval. We suppose that we have enough time to obtain an -optimal multiparametric solution. Then, when the true cost vector becomes known we can obtain an -optimal solution quickly. Our algorithms work by solving an appropiate finite sequence of nonparametric problems in such a manner that the solutions of the problems in the sequence provide us with an -optimal multiparametric solution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":14793672,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\nThe quality of healthcare has become a topical issue in recent years and the introduction of quality assurance that constitute some of the tools for change is now an important development in healthcare practice.\n\n\nOBJECTIVES\nThis study aims at evaluating the quality of care provided at the Paediatric Dental Clinic of the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan.\n\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS\nA descriptive study was conducted among 141 parents of children who attended the clinic over a 3-month period using a modified quality of care questionnaire by Ygge and Arnetz (2001).\n\n\nRESULTS\nMajority of the parents (93.6%) were pleased with the registration process, while 81.6% and 66.7% were satisfied with the waiting arrangements and social amenities such as light and water respectively. Ratings of the quality of care indices revealed that 50.4% and 41.1% of the parents were happy with the information process and accessibility respectively. Over 80.0% of the respondents were pleased to a great degree with the dental treatment their children received. However, 44 (31.2%) said that they felt that they could not especially\/not at all contact their dentist by telephone. About a fifth, (21.2%), felt they had not especially\/not at all received information about how to prevent their child's dental problem. Inability of the dentists to introduce themselves was reported by 56.8% of the parents. The mean waiting time spent before being attended was 64.9 minutes while the desired average waiting time was 20.1 minutes.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nParents were extremely satisfied with the dental treatment their children received at the UCH and had great confidence in staff competence even though they complained of long waiting time. However, there is a communication gap between the dentist, patients, and parents, since some of the dentists failed to introduce themselves and give information on prevention of dental diseases. For this reason, patients' appointments should be spread out to reduce waiting time. Furthermore, staff should introduce themselves and efforts must be made to improve health education given to parents. The dental curriculum should emphasize patient-dentist relationships.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":19314301,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2003314912","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4103\/1119-3077.106706","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Heterogeneity of ion channel properties within human ventricular tissue determines the sequence of repolarization under healthy conditions. In this computational study, the impact of different extend of electrophysiological heterogeneity in both human ventricles on the ECG was investigated by a forward calculation of the cardiac electrical signals on the body surface. The gradients ranged from solely transmural, interventricular and apico-basal up to full combination of these variations. As long interventricular heterogeneities were neglected, the transmural gradient generated a positive T wave that was increased when apico-basal variations were considered. Inclusion of interventricular changes necessitated the incorporation of both transmural and apico-basal heterogeneities to reproduce the positive T wave.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":14632916,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2100776723","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/CIC.2007.4745418","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper presents a practical example of improvement of foundry production systems in terms of post-finishing of nodular iron castings produced in the conditions of bulk production for automotive industry. The attention was paid to high labour-intensive efforts, which are difficult to be subjected to mechanization and automation. The times of actions related to grinding processing of castings in three grinding positions connected with a belt conveyor were estimated with the use of a time study method. A bottleneck as well as limiting factors were specified in a system. A number of improvements were proposed, aimed at improving work organization on the castings post-finishing line. An analysis of work ergonomics at the workplace was made in order to eliminate unnecessary and onerous for the employee actions. A model of production system using the Arena software, on which a simulation experiment was conducted, was drawn up in order to visualize the analysed phenomena. The effects of the project were shown on graphs comparing times, costs, work ergonomics and overall efficiency of production equipment indicator.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":138129219,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2524440142","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1515\/AFE-2016-0049","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The government of Indonesia has set up an electricity development program of 35,000 Mega Watt (MW) to provide adequate electricity infrastructure so that the 100% electrification ratio can be achieved. The construction of the development of power infrastructure has implications for the demand for reliable electrical components, which supports upstream to downstream industries.\u00a0 The turbine is one of the major components in electricity infrastructure which requires the supply of mechanical energy as the driving force. Despite its market potential, the turbine is a relatively high imported component, and this indicates the importance of fostering the development of turbine technology in Indonesia. The main objective of this study is to examine the capability of national turbine industries and research institutions in formulating policy recommendations to increase the use of the local content, called Tingkat Kemampuan Dalam Negeri (TKDN), in turbine manufacturing industries following the provisions stipulated in the Ministerial Decree No.54\/M-IND\/PER\/03\/2012 on Guidelines for Use of Products of State for Infrastructure Development in Electricity. This study applies SWOT and Balanced Scorecard, focusing on the analysis of capabilities of the turbine industry and identifying the mastery of turbine technology by various research and development institutions in Indonesia. The result of the study shows that the degree of BSC performance level in implementing the TKDN improvement strategy in the turbine industry is considered as less successful, therefore, short-term and long-term policy recommendation needs to be implemented to expedite the increase of TKDN.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":213415118,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2998391139","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.18517\/ijaseit.9.6.10103","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYSA","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18517\/ijaseit.9.6.10103","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Microtubule detyrosination works as a navigation system for kinetochore-based chromosome motility during cell division. The correct alignment of chromosomes at the center of the mitotic spindle\u2014the metaphase plate\u2014before cell division is one of the key mechanisms for the maintenance of genomic stability. But is there anything special about the microtubules of the spindle that helps this process? Barisic et al. demonstrate that chromosome alignment at the cell equator is controlled by a specific posttranslational modification of selected microtubules oriented toward the center of the mitotic spindle. M. Barisic, R. Silva e Sousa, S. K. Tripathy, M. M. Magiera, A. V. Zaytsev, A. L. Pereira, C. Janke, E. L. Grishchuk, H. Maiato, Microtubule detyrosination guides chromosomes during mitosis. Science 348, 799\u2013803 (2015). [Abstract] [Full Text]","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":51609627,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2489008808","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aac5783","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This work deals with synthetic modifications of unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) in order to achieve better fire resistance andmechanical properties, lower styrene emission, better styrene solubility and lower processing viscosity. These new ecological unsaturated polyester resins will be used formarine, automotive, electric and electronic, building construction, sport and leisure, domestic and sanitary appliances, furniture as well asmilitary applications. Two concepts were used for development of these newecological unsaturated polyester resins; Introduction of acrylicmonomers viz; Methyl methacrylate (MMA), Butyl methacrylate (BMA) and Acrylonitrile (AN) into the unsaturated polyester resins to reduce styrene emission and use of halogen free fire resistance fillers (Zinc borate and antimony trioxide) in place of halogenated fillers. The main disadvantage of halogenated fillers is that a fire could create toxic and possibly corrosive smoke. Liquid crystalline unsaturated polyester resins were possible to synthesize and it was also possible to prepare solutions of unsaturated polyesters in styrene. Bymodification with acrylic monomers it is possible to prepare resinswith a styrene content as lowas 20 wt%. Themechanical and fire resistance properties of the cured samples depending on the type of acrylicmonomer and amount and type of filler.Modification of unsaturated polyesters in this way is a possibility to get unsaturated polyester resins with low styrene emission, better fire resistance and mechanical properties, lower shrinkage, reduced brittleness and increased flexibility.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":136136914,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2604797539","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We study the effect of a relevant double-trace deformation on the partition function (and conformal anomaly) of a CFTd at large N and its dual picture in AdSd+1. Three complementary previous results are brought into full agreement with each other: bulk [1] and boundary [2] computations, as well as their formal identity [3]. We show the exact equality between the dimensionally regularized partition functions or, equivalently, fluctuation determinants involved. A series of results then follows: (i) equality between the renormalized partition functions for all d; (ii) for all even d, correction to the conformal anomaly; (iii) for even d, the mapping entails a mixing of UV and IR effects on the same side (bulk) of the duality, with no precedent in the leading order computations; and finally, (iv) a subtle relation between overall coefficients, volume renormalization and IR-UV connection. All in all, we get a clean test of the AdS\/CFT correspondence beyond the classical SUGRA approximation in the bulk and at subleading O(1) order in the large-N expansion on the boundary.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":15651372,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2038913397","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/1126-6708\/2007\/05\/046","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"hep-th\/0702163"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/hep-th\/0702163","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: The opportunity of woman laborers to exclusively breastfeed remains challenging. One factor that may help extend breastfeeding duration is better support from health care professionals. Objective: This study aims to explore a range of healthcare professionals' experiences and perceptions of breastfeeding support provided to textile industry laborers in Jakarta. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted towards 27 textile industry laborers having infants aged 6-12 months and two community health workers from two different Primary Health Centers (PHCs) in Jakarta. Sampling was done purposively from a textile company and randomly selected by screening to the community located close to industry area. Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and in-depth interview was done towards laborers and community health professionals to gain information about care and supports given. Data analysis involved content analysis and triangulation from two types of participant. Results: Health professionals who were mainly midwives reported very positive and supportive support to mothers as well as provided various services and health care, such as counseling and prenatal classes. Conclusion: Health care professionals' support for textile industry laborers in Jakarta was sufficient. Health professionals are expected to provide information to family, build partnerships between health professionals, peer counselors and breastfeeding support groups, and also assist employers to become more breastfeeding friendly.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":56412071,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2346390126","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22435\/kespro.v6i3.4737.137-144","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22435\/kespro.v6i3.4737.137-144","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We describe a high-performance servo control system for enhancement of spinstand servo performance. This PC-based system uses a multifunction I\/O card for controller output and a high-speed digitizer card capable of sampling the frequency-encoded servo pattern at 500 MS\/s. The PC, running under the Linux operating system, uses the Goertzel algorithm decoding scheme to calculate the position error signal (PES) at a 15-kHz update rate for feedback control. The control signal drives a custom-made lead zirconate titanate (PZT) actuator, which moves the suspension and thus the read\/write head. A proportional and integral (PI) type servo controller supports a 1.1-kHz servo bandwidth, producing a 21.9% improvement of the positioning accuracy of the spinstand.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-20":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":122588667,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2132915740","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TMAG.2005.856304","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Coffea arabica occurs naturally in the montane rainforests of Ethiopia, but large areas of these unique forests have been converted to other land-uses. In the remaining forest, wild coffee is managed and harvested with increasing intensity because of rising coffee prices in the world market. This study evaluated the impact of coffee management on wild coffee populations and the forest vegetation as a basis for conservation planning in southwestern Ethiopia. Vegetation surveys and yield assessments were carried out in unmanaged natural forest and in managed semi-forest coffee (SFC) systems. Analyses show that wild coffee density and coffee yields were low in natural forest (max. 15 kg ha )1 year )1 ). In SFC systems, 30% of the canopy trees and most undergrowth vegetation were removed. This stimulated wild coffee growth and strongly enhanced yields (max. 54 kg ha )1 year )1 ), but severely disturbed forest structure. Species richness increased by 26% because of an increase in species of ruderal and secondary vegetation; however, species richness and abundance of typical forest species declined. Conservation of the natural forest therefore requires the control of wild coffee management. Wild coffee certification is discussed as one tool to reconcile conservation measures and the interests of local farmers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":84673637,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2003248292","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1365-2028.2009.01084.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Single crystals of La4Mo7O27 have been successfully grown by the flux growth method H3BO3 as the flux in a plantium crucible using the starting materials of La2O3, H3BO3 and MoO3 in a molar ratio of 0.16:0.16:0.68, in which H3BO3 acted as a flux. Transparent colorless crystals were obtained with size of 0.8 \u00d7 0.3 \u00d7 0.2 mm under the optimized crystal growth conditions: growth temperature of 727 \u030aC, growth time of 95 h and cooling rate of 0.5 \u030aC\/hr. A well-developed morphology of the crystals was observed and analyzed. The preparation process of starting materials on crystal growth was investigated. The grown crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), EDAX, SEM, UV-Vis, photoluminescence studies, thermal analysis, dielectric studies and second harmonic generation (SHG). The results are presented and discussed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":209337274,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Paraphrase generation aims to rewrite a text with different words while keeping the same meaning. Previous work performs the task based solely on the given dataset while ignoring the availability of external linguistic knowledge. However, it is intuitive that a model can generate more expressive and diverse paraphrase with the help of such knowledge. To fill this gap, we propose Knowledge-Enhanced Paraphrase Network (KEPN), a transformer-based framework that can leverage external linguistic knowledge to facilitate paraphrase generation. (1) The model integrates synonym information from the external linguistic knowledge into the paraphrase generator, which is used to guide the decision on whether to generate a new word or replace it with a synonym. (2) To locate the synonym pairs more accurately, we adopt an incremental encoding scheme to incorporate position information of each synonym. Besides, a multi-task architecture is designed to help the framework jointly learn the selection of synonym pairs and the generation of expressive paraphrase. Experimental results on both English and Chinese datasets show that our method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches in terms of both automatic and human evaluation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":214090353,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2997233603","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1609\/AAAI.V34I05.6354","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents a numerical assessment of acoustic installation effects characterizing the NASA Langley Quiet Flow Facility (QFF), an open-jet, anechoic wind tunnel. Several Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) calculations based on equivalent simplistic sources are conducted, enabling the estimation of the installation effects possibly induced by the QFF environment on the measured acoustic signatures during typical airframe noise experiments. First, the conclusions that had been previously made by the present author in an earlier assessment of QFF installation effects onto the so-called Tandem Cylinder experiments are reproduced. Then, these conclusions are extended to various situations which are more representative of the usual airframe noise tests that are typically conducted in the QFF. In particular, this provides an opportunity to compare the refraction\/convection effects of the QFF jet flow to the reflection\/diffraction induced by the experimental apparatus. All this further aids in the identification of acoustic installation effects that may be important in the type of testing typically done in the NASA\/LARC QFF facility.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":4833474,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2326717110","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2514\/6.2014-2628","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/hal-onera.archives-ouvertes.fr\/hal-01066112\/file\/DSNA14035.1404924071.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The use multiple clocks presents an interesting problem to scan design. Traditionally, a separate scan chain has been provided for each clock, which results in longer than necessary scan operations due to unbalanced scan chain length. A set of methods that would allow mixing of memory elements clocked at different frequencies and phases in a single scan chain is presented and the proofs of the correct operation of the methods are given. If multiple scan chains are allowed, these methods make it possible to form scan chains of equivalent length for the savings in test application time and tester memory.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":1236364,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1953808143","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TEST.1994.527966","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We investigate in detail the vector contributions to the Lagrangian of \u039b 3 massive gravity in the decoupling limit, the less explored sector of this theory, with the main aim to study the stability of maximally symmetric self-accelerating solutions. Around self-accelerating configurations, vector degrees of freedom become strongly coupled since their kinetic terms vanish; their dynamics is controlled by contributions to the Lagrangian that arise at higher orders in perturbations. Even in the decoupling limit, the vector Lagrangian contains an infinite number of terms. We develop a systematic method to determine in a covariant way the vector Lagrangian at each order in perturbations, fully manifesting the symmetries of the system. We show that, around self-accelerating solutions, the structure of higher order p -form Galileons arise, avoiding the emergence of a sixth ghost Boulware-Deser mode. However, a careful analysis of the corresponding Hamiltonian shows that there are directions along which the Hamiltonian is unbounded from below, signaling an instability that can be interpreted as one of the available fifth modes behaving as a ghost. Hence, we conclude that self-accelerating configurations in the decoupling limit of \u039b 3 massive gravity are generically unstable.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":119252369,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2034466567","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevD.87.064029","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1210.3627"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Formulas for evaluating analytic energy gradient are derived for combined time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and polarizable force field methods that incorporate dipole polarizability tensors and linearly induced point dipoles. The Z-vector method for determining relaxed one-particle difference density matrix in regular TDDFT methods is extended to include induced dipoles. The analytic gradient of the mutual polarization energy of the force field and the TDDFT excited state can be formulated by using the TDDFT difference density-induced dipoles and the transition state density-induced dipoles. All the forces and torques involving induced dipoles can be efficiently evaluated using standard electrostatic formulas as if the induced dipoles were permanent dipoles. The formulas are given in the most general form and are applicable to various flavors of polarizable force fields. Implementation and tests with a polarizable five-point water model show that the formulas are rigorous. The carbonyl vibration modes and infrared spectrum intensities of a cluster formed by acetone and two water molecules are studied.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":30146404,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1996503589","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1063\/1.3491814","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We prove Church-Rosser statements in Kleene algebra in the spirit of the point-free style of functional programming. Proofs of Church-Rosser theorems are simple and general, using only algebraic properties of the regular operations. They are fixed point-based, induction-free and often amenable to automata, hence suited to mechanization. In the strip lemma of the $\\lambda$-calculus, the term and algebra part are cleanly separated. Relating Kleene algebras with allegories explains Church-Rosser diagrams categorially. Using allegoric techniques, we also prove algebraic variants of Newman''s lemma and Church-Rosser statements modulo an equivalence relation, in which the well-foundedness assumptions are derived. Here, point-wise techniques are introduced via tabulations, but still the construction avoids the invention of complex induction orderings and measures. Our results can be read as a case study for the possibilities and limitations of point-free allegorial formal methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":124745392,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2343181367","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The study investigates the impact of media coverage of protest on issue attention in parliament (questions) in six Western European countries. Integrating several data sets on protest, media, and political agendas, we demonstrate that media coverage of protest affects parliamentary agendas: the more media attention protest on an issue receives, the more parliamentary questions on that issue are asked. The relationship, however, is mediated by the issue agenda of mass media more generally, attesting to an indirect rather than a direct effect. Additionally, the effect of media-covered protests on the general media agenda is moderated by the political system and is larger in majoritarian countries than in countries with a consensus democracy. This shows the importance of political opportunity structures for the agenda-setting impact of protest.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2017-13":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":55632894,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2529798136","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/SF\/SOW075","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Parallel computing, and fine grain computing in particular, need criteria to find optimal parallelism. This paper proposes performance models that measure ability to generate and synchronize parallel processes, and to switch control in parallel processing systems. We consider the performance of controlling the number of parallel processes (synchronization capability), the performance of generating parallel processes (generation capability), and the performance of controlling a computing flow of parallel processes (branch capability) in fine grain parallel computing. We also discuss the usefulness of these performance measures, and prove that optimization is possible by measuring the branch capability of instruction level data flow computers. With optimal parallelism, extraction and control of parallel processes is well-balanced, and the balancing point is specified.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":61449200,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2156392859","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICAPP.1996.562900","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Cylindrical structures up to 70 cm or more in diameter and 100 cm or greater in depth are found in soils on upland landscapes in south Louisiana. The cylinders are in two stratigraphic units differing in age and lithology, the late Pliocene or early Pleistocene Citronelle Formation and the overlying Sicily Island Loess (thermoluminescence-dated at 75,000-95,000 B.P.). By morphology and stratigraphy we infer that the cylinders are fossil tree-root casts preserved by pedogenesis and diagenesis. The cylinders can be divided into circumferential zones including a reduced core and an indurated rim that are morphologically, physically, and chemically distinct from each other and from the surrounding soil. In the Citronelle Formation, the rim can be subdivided into an inner rim, a black hand and an outer rim; a transition zone between the core and the rim also may be present. Differences in time of development and lithology have resulted in differences in the morphological, physical, and chemical properties of the cylinders, but their effects could not be separated. Our model for these tree-root casts explains how they were formed and preserved.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":128841673,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2129389027","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1306\/D4267BC2-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nTo research the mechanism of protective action of TMCZKL on brain,\n\n\nMETHOD\nContents of transmitter amino acids in cortex and hippocampus before and after administration of TMCZKL were measured in mice of repetitious cerebral ischemia reperfusion.\n\n\nRESULT\nThe three doses of TMCZKL raised the content of glutamic acid in cortex and hippocampus the content of aspartic acid in hippocampus and decreased GABA content in cortex significantly.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nTMCZKL might antagonize ischemic injury through regulating contents of transmitter amino acids and sustain the dynamic equilibrium of EAA and IAA.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":21638424,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An institutional fund typically has a multi-asset allocation\u2014the policy portfolio\u2014that is maintained over time. When allocations shift, the fund rebalances back to the policy portfolio. The discipline of the policy portfolio has many benefits: simplicity, convenient benchmarking, and a minimum of organizational frictions. Its very routine nature can lead, however, to an overemphasis on relative returns and an insensitivity to fundamental changes in fund status and market structure. In 2003, the late Peter Bernstein questioned whether rigid adherence to the policy portfolio made sense, given frequent market dislocations and high levels of volatility. In this article, Liebowitz and Bova attempt to shed further light on the Bernstein question by analyzing the risk tolerance and return assumptions of a basic two-asset (equity and cash) fund. One key finding is that policy portfolio rebalancing implicitly assumes that the risk tolerance and return premiums remain fixed over time. But few funds have the sponsorship, liquidity, or organizational conviction to keep such a constant risk tolerance in the face of severely adverse markets. One argument for the policy portfolio rebalancing is that assets become \"cheaper\" after a decline, but this is inconsistent with a constant return premium. Moreover, \"cheaper\" assets should actually call for rebalancing beyond the original policy portfolio to a more aggressive allocation. One idea for a more pro-active, market-sensitive process is to develop pre-planned contingency actions for various market scenarios.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":155401940,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2322483874","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3905\/jpm.2011.37.2.060","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Clustering analysis of gene expression is characterized by the very high dimensionality and low cardinality of the data, and two important related topics are the validation and the estimate of the number of the obtained clusters. In this paper we focus on the estimate of the stability of the clusters. Our approach to this problem is based on random projections obeying the Johnson-Lindenstrauss lemma, by which gene expression data may be projected into randomly selected low dimensional suhspaces, approximately preserving pairwise distances between examples. We experiment with different types of random projections, comparing empirical and theoretical distortions induced by randomized embeddings between Euclidean metric spaces, and we present cluster-stability measures that may be used to validate and to quantitatively assess the reliability of the clusters obtained by a large class of clustering algorithms. Experimental results with high dimensional synthetic and DNA microarray data show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":22828234,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1565873068","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/IJCNN.2005.1555821","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Corticosteroids, such as betamethasone, are sometimes administered to women who are at risk of pre-term delivery. These corticosteroids cross the placenta to the fetus and decrease respiratory distress syndrome in preterm newborns. Preterm newborns are often susceptible to infections partly due to their immature immune system. Amikacin is one of the aminoglycosides used in the treatment of newborn infections. There is, however, a dearth of information on the effect of prenatal corticosteroids on the disposition of aminoglycosides administered to newborns days later. We evaluated the effect of pre-administration of betamethasone on the disposition of amikacin, 72 h after last dose of betamethasone, using an animal model. The pharmacokinetic parameters of rats administered betamethasone followed by amikacin vis-a-vis rats administered saline followed by amikacin were as follows: Cmax; 16.6 \u03bcmol L-1 vs. 31.4 \u03bcmol L-1, AUC0\u21928; 26.8 \u03bcmol h L-1 vs. 153.5 \u03bcmol h L-1, Ke; 0.26 h-1 vs. 0.18 h-1, and t1\/2; 2.6 h vs. 3.9 h, respectively. About a 1.5-fold increase in the elimination of amikacin was observed in the Sprague-Dawley rats pre-treated with betamethasone compared with those pre-treated with saline. This ultimately led to differences in the other pharmacokinetic parameters amongst the two groups of rats. Although an animal model investigation showed some level of interaction, a follow-up study in preterm newborns where possible interaction of the two drugs is studied later than Day 1, is recommended.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":81630736,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2905524535","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5599\/ADMET.613","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Sleep and wakefulness are functions of the central nervous system (CNS) that are altered in numerous psychiatric disorders. Interestingly, Marcos Jose Salgado published in 1727 his book which is considered the first book of Physiology in the American continent and entitled \"Cursus Medicus Mexicanus\" (Figure 1) that suggests the use of drugs to regulate brain functions and their therapeutic action on sleep. In the work of Salgado, the concepts of sleep and wakefulness are offered using Hippocratic and Galenic knowledge to explain the pathophysiology of both functions. Today those concepts might be considered wrong. However, taking into account the historical moment and the intrinsic value of the text written in Latin, this manuscript is unique. Considered by art critics as valuable, there are only eight original copies of this book. In the present report, we discussed paragraph by paragraph the chapter \"Sleep and wakefulness\", the work of this Medical Doctor of the New Spain.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":17891029,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2216767803","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4236\/ahs.2015.45026","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/www.scirp.org\/journal\/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=62371","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Neurodegeneration in diseases caused by altered metabolism of mammalian prion protein (PrP) can be averted by reducing PrP expression. To identify novel pathways for PrP downregulation, we analyzed cells that had adapted to the negative selection pressure of stable overexpression of a disease-causing PrP mutant. A mutant cell line was isolated that selectively and quantitatively routes wild type and various mutant PrPs for ER retrotranslocation and proteasomal degradation. Biochemical analyses of the mutant cells revealed that a defect in glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor synthesis leads to an unprocessed GPI-anchoring signal sequence that directs both ER retention and efficient retrotranslocation of PrP. An unprocessed GPI signal was sufficient to impart ER retention, but not retrotranslocation, to a heterologous protein, revealing an unexpected role for the mature domain in the metabolism of misprocessed GPI-anchored proteins. Our results provide new insights into the quality control pathways for unprocessed GPI anchored proteins and identify transamidation of the GPI signal sequence as a step in PrP biosynthesis that is absolutely required for its surface expression. As each GPI signal sequence is unique, these results also identify signal recognition by the GPI-transamidase as a potential step for selective small molecule perturbation of PrP expression.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":15074084,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"July 8\u201313, 2012 in Rostock, Germany. The BSSSE is primarily addressed to medical postgraduates and junior researchers (to age 40), and is focused on the comprehensive aspects of diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy. The interactive course format involves combinations of lectures and group work, with case-oriented studies. Applications due by April 15, 2012. For more information, contact email@example.com or see BSSSE6 at http:\/\/ www.epilepsiestiftung-wolf.de\/7.html","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":221736966,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2012.03450.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2012.03450.x","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract:In 2008 Dublin Institute of Technology and UNICEF collaborated in the development of a unique approach to journalism education in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) regions. Universities in Turkey, Romania, Georgia, Macedonia, Serbia, Azerbaijan and Kyrgyzstan in partnership introduced a new child-rights syllabus into their respective journalism programmes. Instead of the traditional approach of providing limited training to professional journalists on the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), the objective of this initiative\u2014entitled Child Rights and Journalism Practice\u2014has been to embed at source the concept of children's rights, with a view to enhancing overall standards in journalism. The media in the CEE\/CIS countries have a quite different history to other parts of the world, and the tradition of an independent, responsible media as a fourth pillar of democracy is virtually non-existent. The media have effectively been a mouthpiece of government, offering no challenge to the status quo. Largely characterised by an absence of informed, serious discourse, poor standards in journalism reflect the parlous state of civil society as a whole. By focusing on journalism in the context of the academy and raising awareness of children's rights from a journalistic perspective, the project seeks to provide a relatively safe space for critical engagement with journalistic ethics and values. Children are targets of, or are implicated in, nearly all aspects of public policy, yet are largely invisible in news-media coverage, and rarely have their voices heard in matters affecting them. By using the UNCRC as both a lens for critically reflecting on media coverage and representation of children, and as a platform for developing a civic journalism that might otherwise be difficult, the project promotes improved media standards and a greater awareness among students, educators and media professionals of human-rights protection. A particular feature of the programme has been the use of new media, both in the delivery of training and as an opportunity for building alternative journalism platforms, ensuring that journalism education is integral to the changing media landscape of the countries concerned.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":262438776,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1993660134","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3318\/ISIA.2012.23.47","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Lowering Homocysteine With B Vitamins in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease To the Editor: The results of the randomized trial of lowering homocysteine with B vitamins in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) by Dr Ebbing and colleagues deserve comments. Many studies have shown that hyperhomocysteinemiapredicts cardiovascular events, but theyhavenotclarified the shape of this relationship. Similar to other studies, the Western Norway B Vitamin Intervention Trial (WENBIT) was based on the hypothesis that the relationship between plasma homocysteine and risk of cardiovascular events is linear over the entire range of plasma homocysteine values. However, more than 90% of the patients had normal plasma homocysteine values and only 9.6% had mild-to-intermediate hyperhomocysteinemia, and it does not seem plausible to expect any benefit from correcting a risk factor that is not present. The relationship of other causal cardiovascular risk factors (such as elevated blood pressure) appears to be exponential, the risk being absent or very low below a certain threshold and increasing only beyond that threshold. The same likely applies to plasma homocysteine. Consistent with this view is a study showing that persons with plasma homocysteine above the median population values were at higher risk of cardiovascular death than those below that value. This implies that it would require a (probably unfeasibly) large study to be adequately powered to show any benefit of plasma homocysteine lowering, and negative studies are likely to be hampered by type 2 error. The shorter than planned follow-up and the power calculations in the WENBIT study are not reassuring against this error. In a previous negative study, when the analysis was confined to patients with hyperhomocysteinemia and adequate vitamin B12 supplementation and without renal dysfunction, a significant 21% reduction of cardiovascular events was observed. Moreover, it seems unusual that all-cause mortality was includedintheprimaryendpoint,becausehomocysteinehasbeen mainly indicted as a cardiovascular risk factor. The inclusion ofparticipantswhodiedofaccidents,suicides,cancer,andother causes likely furtherprecludeddetectionof anybeneficial cardiovascular effect of plasma homocysteine lowering. Studies should focus on individuals with hyperhomocysteinemia in which a benefit can reasonably be expected.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":30629511,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1551679241","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2008.835","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Social and hygienic studies provided the social and hygienic characteristics of passenger train conductor work, which are represented in the article. Morbidity levels, length of service are set. The main scientific social and hygienic directions are defined so as to solve the problems of workers engaged into public transport.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":43791126,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Together with brain, liver, and bones, the lungs are frequent targets of tumor metastasis. Although secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) has been associated with the dissemination of various bodily tumors, its role in lung metastasis remains unknown. To investigate the mechanism by which SPP1 induces pulmonary metastasis, we employed mouse models of spontaneous (s.c. injection of a million tumor cells) and induced (i.v. injection of half a million tumor cells) lung-targeted metastasis of three cancer cell lines (MC38 colon and LLC lung adenocarcinomas; B16F10 melanoma) in syngeneic C57BL\/6 mice competent (Spp1 +\/+ ) and deficient (Spp1 -\/- )in Spp1 alleles. Tumor-derived SPP1 expression was modulated using stable anti-Spp1 shRNA and forced overexpression of intracellular (Spp1is2) and secreted (Spp1is4) Spp1 isoforms. We determined that lung epithelial cells expressed predominantly SPP1is4, which played no role in pulmonary metastasis, since Spp1 +\/+ and Spp1 -\/- mice equally developed lung metastases. On the contrary, tumor cells expressing both isoforms, exerted distinct effects: SPP1is2 promoted blood-borne tumor cell survival via suppressing TRP53 expression, whereas SPP1is4 accelerated lung metastasis by enhancing tumor-derived CCL2 secretion. Consistently with the above findings, Ccr2 -\/- mice were protected from lung metastasis. In addition, SPP1-competent and incompetent tumor cells could equally colonize the lungs of both Ccr2 +\/+ and Ccr2 -\/- mice, indicating the role of CCL2 to SPP1 mediated effects. In conclusion, our data indicate that tumor-derived SPP1 promotes pneumotropic metastasis and presents a possible therapeutic target aimed at preventing lung tumor dissemination.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":89519958,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2554268989","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.CONGRESS-2016.OA1525","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Holland, A. A. Decoding a new age of informal learning: Describing public pedagogy for the web. (2018) The everyday, informal, out-of-school learning adults participate in has drastically changed in the past two decades as information and interaction online has grown and evolved (Blaschke, 2012; Skyrme, 2001). Instead of attending in-person workshops and noncredit courses, sending away for fact sheets and the like, much informal learning today occurs online, often beginning with a search engine or social network. However, long-standing, nonprofit, and governmental institutions have largely failed to understand and capitalize on the new information and education ecosystem, while nimble start-ups (e.g., Wikipedia) have thrived (Fuad-Luke, 2009; Skyrme, 2001). This dissertation aims to provide a model for a pedagogical approach to the design and evaluation of public websites that will support the vision and understanding needed to move forward more successfully in this complex and quickly evolving work (Sandlin, Schultz, & Burdick, 2010). I have chosen a collective case study methodology to explore the educational content and platform design and outcome evaluation strategies employed by the organizations, and in doing so, to illustrate public pedagogy for the web for a wide variety of possible applications. The study identified that website and content design is focused on storytelling and curation for the curious public. Furthermore, social media sharing of educational content fosters organic, pop-up communities of inquiry around discrete topics. Lastly, it was determined that the development of evaluation best practices to measure learning outcomes and effectiveness of website and social media content is both needed and desired by practitioners in the field. (241 words)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":197706145,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2952818074","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Conventional wisdom suggests that an increase in monetary incentives should induce agents to exert higher effort. In this paper, however, we demonstrate that this may not hold in team settings. In the context of sequential team production with positive externalities between agents, incentive reversal might occur: an increase in monetary incentives (either because rewards increase or effort costs decrease) may lead agents to exert lower effort in the completion of a joint task \u2013 even if agents are fully rational, self-centered money maximizers. Herein we discuss this seemingly paradoxical phenomenon and report on two experiments that provide supportive evidence.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":1368516,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1997481201","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.1765667","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/econpapers.repec.org\/scripts\/redir.pf?u=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.iza.org%2Fdp5501.pdf;h=repec:iza:izadps:dp5501","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The self-acting generation of three-dimensional models, by analysing monocular image streams from standard cameras, is one fundamental problem in the field of computer vision. A prerequisite for the scene modelling is the computation of \nthe camera pose for the different frames of the sequence. Several techniques and methodologies have been introduced during the last decade to solve this classical \nStructure from Motion (SfM) problem, which incorporates camera egomotion estimation and subsequent recovery of 3D scene structure. However the applicability of those approaches to real world devices and applications is still limited, due to non-satisfactorily properties in terms of computational costs, accuracy and robustness. Thus tactile systems and laser scanners are still the predominantly \nused methods in industry for 3D measurements. This thesis suggests a novel framework for 3D scene reconstruction based on visual-inertial measurements and a corresponding sensor fusion framework. The integration of additional \nmodalities, such as inertial measurements, are useful to compensate for typical problems of systems which rely only on visual information. The complete system \nis implemented based on a generic framework for designing Multi-Sensor Data Fusion (MSDF) systems. It is demonstrated that the incorporation of inertial measurements \ninto a visual-inertial sensor fusion scheme for scene reconstruction (VISrec!) outperforms classical methods in terms of robustness and accuracy. It can be shown that the combination of visual and inertial modalities for scene \nreconstruction allows a reduction of the mean reconstruction error of typical scenes by up to 30%. Furthermore, the number of 3D feature points, which can be \nsuccessfully reconstructed can be nearly doubled. In addition range and RGB-D sensors have been successfully incorporated into the VISrec! scheme proving the \ngeneral applicability of the framework. By this it is possible to increase the number of 3D points within the reconstructed point cloud by a factor of five hundred \nif compared to standard visual SfM. Finally the applicability of the VISrec!-sensor to a specific industrial problem, in corporation with a local company, for reverse engineering of tailor-made car racing components demonstrates the usefulness of \nthe developed system.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":42376508,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1907277204","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Article info: Received: 19 April 2015 Accepted: 5 October 2015 ABSTRACT The current study was carried out to examine the effect of inoculants, enzymes and mixtures of them on the fermentation, degradability and nutrient value of orange pulp silage. Orange pulp was treated with water (control), inoculant (Lactobacillus plantarum), enzymes (multiple enzyme) or inoculants + enzymes prior to ensiling (denoted C, I, E and I+E). For ensiled orange pulp, 84 kg of orange pulp were mixed with 16 kg of wheat straw as an absorbent. Three minisilos were prepared for each treatment and ensiled for 90 days. Data of each silo within each silage treatment was averaged and used as an experimental unit in a completely random design. Silage pH, total fatty acid and ammonia nitrogen were determined. Silage pH and lactic acid concentration were lowest and highest respectively for I and I+E (p<0.01), while the lowest (p <0.01) NH3N concentration (49.8 g\/kg total N) was observed in I compared to the control. The lowest acetic and butyric acid concentrations were observed in I and I+E compared with the control (p <0.01). The highest metabolizable energy (ME), net energy lactation (NEl), digestible organic matter in dry matter (DOMD), short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and microbial protein (MP) values were observed for I+E (p <0.01). The in vitro degradability of dry matter (IVDMD) was highest (P<0.01) in I+E, while the highest (P<0.01) effective degradability of DM (EDDM) was observed for E and I+E treatments. These results indicated that the bacterial inoculants and combination of enzyme and bacterial inoculants clearly improved silage fermentation characteristic. In addition, the ME, DOM, MP and IVDMD of I+E were significantly improved.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":211131195,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents the concept and design of a reflectarray nanoantenna at optical frequencies whose elements are nano-sized concentric spherical particles with the core made of ordinary dielectrics and the shell made of a plasmonic material. Modeling approaches based on finite difference time domain (FDTD) numerical method and dipole-modes scattering theory are used to characterize and tune the reflectarray design. A 6x6 elements reflectarray nanoantenna operating at wavelength 357.1nm with narrow beamwidth is presented, and its scanned radiation characteristics for 15 degrees and 30 degrees are demonstrated.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2015-18":2,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":27031791,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2038760705","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.000123","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Production of Bacillus subtilis exoproteases is positively regulated by the DegS-DegU two-component regulatory system and other regulatory factors including DegR and ProB. It was shown that the expression of degR was virtually abolished in a sigD mutant and that the transcriptional initiation site in vivo is preceded by a sequence very similar to the consensus sequence of sigma D-recognized promoters. Alteration of the -10 sequence of the putative promoter greatly reduced the expression of degR. These results show that degR expression is driven by the alternative sigma factor, sigma D. It was found that degR expression was suppressed by multiple copies of proB on plasmid pLC1 and that this suppression was exerted at the transcriptional level through a target in the vicinity of the degR promoter. Furthermore, it was shown that the expression of another sigma D-directed gene, hag, was suppressed by pLC1. Suppression by pLC1 diminished when the sequence of the -10 element of the degR promoter was changed to a sigma A-like promoter sequence. pLC1, however, did not suppress sigD expression. On the basis of these results, we conclude that multicopy proB on pLC1 inhibits transcription from sigma D-driven promoters by affecting some posttranscriptional process of sigma D.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":46039322,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2123666087","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/jb.178.1.216-222.1996","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc177642?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective To examine whether restriction of caloric intake and exercise of vigorous intensity can independently and additively influence clinic and ambulatory blood pressures in sedentary overweight men. Design Sixty subjects aged 20-50 years were randomly allocated either to continue their normal caloric intake or to restrict it by 4186-6279 kJ\/day, with 15% provided by protein, 30% by fat and 55% by carbohydrate, for 16 weeks. Within each of these groups subjects were further randomly allocated either to a control light intensity programme of exercise or to a vigorous intensity programme of exercise for 30min three times a week. The light exercise group performed stationary cycling against no resistance, flexibility exercises and slow walking, The vigorous intensity group cycled on an ergometer at 60-70% of maximum their workload. Results Fifty-one subjects completed the study. Their maximal oxygen uptake was increased by approximately 24% with vigorous exercise but did not change with light exercise. Caloric intake restriction led to a significant loss of body mass of 9.5 kg (95% confidence interval 7.6-11.3), whereas vigorous exercise had no effect Restriction of caloric intake reduced supine clinic systolic and diastolic blood pressures significantly by 5.6 (2.3-8.9) and 2.4 mmHg (0.4-4.2), respectively. Relative to the control light exercise group, exercise of vigorous intensity exercise had no significant effect on clinic blood pressure. In contrast, time series analysis revealed that both caloric intake restriction and vigorous exercise were associated with lower daytime ambulatory systolic blood pressure, the reduction in systolic blood pressure being sustained throughout the 24h period when vigorous exercise and caloric intake restriction were combined. Conclusion Compared with the effects of caloric intake restriction, the effects of a vigorous exercise programme on blood pressure are inconsistent, there being no influence on clinic blood pressure but a reduction in daytime ambulatory blood pressure. However, when combined with caloric intake restriction, regular vigorous exercise exhibits a synergistic effect in reducing ambulatory blood pressure throughout a 24h period.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":21591052,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2010425916","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199606000-00015","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article argues that medieval urban authorities developed nodal spatial strategies to mitigate various risks\u2014from accidents, floods, and military vulnerability to sickness and scarcity. Using digital methods (Geographic Information System [GIS]) to map public works during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries in one large city (Ghent), it offers a fuller understanding of urban governance in dialogue with a city's topography and environmental and sociopolitical challenges. Ghent's authorities invested in gates, bridges, markets, thoroughfares, key buildings, and waterworks. Tracing their interventions reveals the city as an interconnected, moving system, an economy of movement. Attention concentrated on these points because several types of interests related to communal well-being converged there. The city was thus capable of absorbing shocks (war, floods) through regular maintenance and monitoring. Tracing public works that promoted mobility can therefore tell us much about power dynamics and how communities functioned in practice.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":252677886,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/00961442221124892","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"public-domain","url":"https:\/\/osf.io\/kmy76\/download","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"By social justice I mean the creation of a society which treats human beings as embodiments of the sacred, supports them to realize their fullest human potential. The concept of social justice is taken in its most comprehensive sense- the legislative, the administrative and the judicial. It is true that the preamble to our constitution uses the term \"social justice\" and Article 38. And in wider sense various fundamental rights somehow protects the concept of social justice in India. But beyond this neither the constitution nor any subsequent legislation provides the key to precise connotation of expression \"Social Justice\". So as right to social justice only some fundamental rights with the judicial pronunciation comes into picture. The Preamble declares and secure to all citizens justice, social, economic and political. The concept of social justice is a revolutionary concept which provides meaning and significance to life and makes the rule of law dynamic. In Keshawanand Bharti Case Supreme Court held that preamble is the part of the Constitution. The Constitution inscribes Justice as the first promise of the Republic, which means that State Power will execute the pledge of Justice in favour of millions who are the Republic. I mean to say Social Justice is People's Justice where the tyranny of power is transformed into democracy of social good. The idea of welfare state is that the claims of social justice must be treated as cardinal and paramount. Social justice is not a blind concept or a preposterous dogma. It seeks to do justice to all the citizen of the state. In the Directive Principles, however, one finds an even clearer statement of the social revolution. They aim at making the Indian masses free in the positive sense, free from the abject physical conditions that had prevented them from fulfilling their best selves\u2026. The essence of the Directive Principles lies in Article 38. In reality, the cry for \"social justice\" is a call for the State to do something to fix economic and relational inequities without any regard to a universal principle of justice. By describing justice in social rather than legal terms, our attention is immediately drawn to national problems that can only be fixed by a civil government with enough power to enforce its policies. So then, advocates of \"social justice\" believe that the State plays the major role in rectifying so-called social problems because they are national in scope. Justice and social order had a genetic role in moulding the Indian jurisprudence and notion of justice.If the rule of law and rule of life run close together, a jurisprudence where man matter will bourgeon there. The springs of social justice will arise then - only then.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":152922202,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1514549700","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/SSRN.1794210","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Pediatric ocular examinations are often a challenge in the outpatient setting due to limited cooperation of the child. Hence an evaluation under anesthesia (EUA) or sedation is important for a holistic ophthalmic examination. It can be combined with short procedures, such as suture removal and corneal scrappings, both for diagnosis and for the management of several ophthalmic disorders. It can also be performed before planning a surgical intervention to record the baseline characters and formulate or refine a surgical plan. Every EUA must be used as a chance to perform a complete ophthalmic examination rather than perform a single task such as recording the intraocular pressure. This article aims to provide a protocol that can be followed for a complete EUA.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":264389666,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4103\/ijo.ijo_3259_22","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCSA","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijo.ijo_3259_22","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present an algorithm for organizing partially-ordered observations into multiple \"threads,\" some of which may be concurrent., The algorithm is applied to the problem of constructing career histories for individual scientists from the abstracts of published papers. Because abstracts generallys of published papers. Because abstracts generally do not provide rich information about the contents of papers, we developed a novel relational method for judging the similarity of papers. We report five experiments that demonstrate the advantage of this method over the traditional Dice and Tanimoto coefficients, and that evaluate the quality of induced multi-thread career histories.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":15960521,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Who We Are and How We Do: Portraits of Pedagogical Process and Possibility When Teaching and Learning About Race and Racism in Social Studies Classrooms Christina Villarreal This dissertation study documented and analyzed the key curricular and pedagogical features of three secondary social studies teachers who center issues of race and racism in their classrooms by examining their decision-making processes and the impact of relevant lived experiences on their practice. I utilized portraiture methodology, which included ethnographic field notes, document analysis, interviews, and impressionistic records to document and analyze the key curricular and pedagogical features of each teacher. Data were collected during the 20162017 school year across three racially diverse social studies classrooms located in southern New England. My findings were that each teacher treated race and racism as central objects of historical inquiry and enacted a set of curricular and pedagogical moves that were guided by a combination of what they know (technical pedagogy) and who they are (relational pedagogy). I refer to the relevant lived experiences that give shape and form to each teacher's practice as their pedagogical origin stories. This study has implications for teacher education and underscores the importance of focusing on technical and relational curricular and pedagogical development in novice and veteran social studies teachers. Teacher education programs need to focus on preparing preservice teachers to recognize and, at times, reconcile the relationships between our respective origin stories and the curricular and pedagogical decisions and moves that we make in classrooms when we teach about issues of race and racism.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":202256731,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2966892826","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7916\/D8-F6QG-MC72","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cardiovascular system responds to high altitude short after exposure. Hypoxia induces increase in heart rate, myocardial contractility, and cardiac output. This may have clinical implications in patients with underlying heart disease such as coronary artery disease, heart failure and rhythm disorders. Past studies have showed that patients may experience altitude-induced arrhythmias. However, there are conflicting data for patients with cardiac devices such as permanent pacemaker, intracardiac defibrillators (ICDs) and cardiac resynchronisation therapies (CRTs). Limited studies demonstrate that patients with pacemakers can be safely exposed to high altitudes with no impact on ventricular stimulation thresholds, however effects of altitude on ICDs or CRTs are still unknown at the present time requiring further research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":73779472,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2182976595","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The simulation of diffusion-controlled transformations in multi-component systems is presented using the software DICTRA. It is shown that not only stable phases precipitate during heat treatments, but also metastable phases. These phases appear in the microstructure for a certain interim time period, which can be predicted by the simulation. Various reaction regimes are possible: local equilibrium which is a slow reaction, local equilibrium with no partitioning which is a fast reaction, para-equilibrium which is a regime with no diffusion at all of the substitutional elements. The transition between the various regimes leads to the development of precipitation stases.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":98489430,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2075809660","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/DDF.263.11","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Problem Mental health inpatients have high rates of co\u2010morbid substance use disorders which may exceed 50% in addition to the presenting complaint(s). Treating teams may prioritise, and substance use disorders are often not addressed. Setting Dubbo inpatient mental health units. Key measures for improvement Rates of drug and alcohol consult of inpatients. Design Retrospective audit of all inpatient records for mental health units at Dubbo Hospital (May\u2010October period 2018 and 2019) following the intervention. Qualitative reflections of clinical staff were also included. Strategies for change From early 2019, the problem was communicated with staff via education and open discussion. Modelling of the expected numbers of referral was understood as manageable within existing resources. The agenda of the morning meeting then always included an item that asked all team members to identify and refer a person if they needed drug and alcohol care. Effect of change Consultation by the drug and alcohol clinical nurse consultant increased from 48 of 228 (21%) patients in the 2018 period to 83 of 232 (35.8%) patients in the 2019 period. Lessons learnt The community and inpatient multidisciplinary team can correctly inform and increase drug and alcohol referral for mental health inpatients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":235491264,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/ajr.12736","PubMedCentral":"8453571","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc8453571?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Digital predistortion (DPD) is a highly cost- effective technique to linearize high power amplifiers (HPAs) in wireless applications. The polynomial-type behavioral models are widely used both for HPAs and predistorters, but they often suffer from the numerical instability when high order nonlinearities are included. In this paper, we propose a new polynomial predistorter model considering the use of a orthogonal polynomial model based on a Zernike polynomial basis which is very robust and stable when classical identification techniques are applied. Computer simulations in a LTE uplink transmission confirm the predistorter computed with the Zernike polynomial model provides improvements in adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) with stability and moderate complexity in the DPD coefficient estimation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":26158076,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2054581428","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/VTCFall.2012.6398969","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Iron-nickel-copper sulfides in picritic eruption pumice from the 1959 eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, and associated Kilauea Iki lava lake have been studied in detail. The sulfides occur as micrometer-sized subspherical blebs in glass inclusions within olivine phenocrysts and in glass within quenched groundmass. The proportion of blebs present within the volume of a thin section and within individual olivine grains is widely variable. Sulfide minerals present in the eruption pumice include monosulfide solid solution (mss), isocubanite, pentlandite, bornite, and an unidentified metal-excess iron-rich sulfide. Bulk sulfides in the eruption pumice are enriched in Ni relative to Cu. These minerals are also present in Kilauea Iki lava lake, along with chalcopyrite, but the bulk sulfides are markedly enriched in Cu relative to Ni. In the eruption pumice, the high-temperature history of the sulfide liquid precursor to the blebs involved crystallization entirely to mss and subsequent exsolution of isocubanite on cooling or crystallization of mss and formation of residual Cu-rich sulfide liquid. In Kilauea Iki lava lake, the high-temperature history of the sulfide liquid precursor to the olivine-hosted blebs involved crystallization and subsequent unmixing of isocubanite, whereas that of the sulfide liquid precursor to groundmass glass-hosted blebs involved exsolution of bornite solid solution from cubic chalcopyrite + isocubanite and chalcopyrite + isocubanite from bornite solid solution. The presence of pentlandite + chalcopyrite and pentlandite + bornite solid solution suggests that the blebs have equilibrated internally below approximately 600 degrees C. The Ni-rich bulk sulfide composition in the pumice reflects the higher temperature and rate of quenching. The Cu-rich bulk sulfide composition in Kilauea Iki reflects a lower temperature of quenching and more extensive annealing and crystallization history of the lava. The wide variability in bulk sulfide composition in the samples and lack of equilibration with coexisting olivine are inconsistent with an origin solely by early magmatic, sulfide liquid immiscibility. Instead, bulk sulfide compositions reflect late magmatic processes. Blebs in the eruption pumice and Kilauea Iki lava largely represent cooling- and quench-induced segregation of sulfides with metals scavenged from the silicate liquid.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":130813749,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2288540531","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Evaporative cooling mist spray is a cost effective solution for many cooling applications. Selection of misting spray nozzle play a major role in order to provide the suitable spraying condition in regards to the application. One of the most widely use mist spray application is evaporative cooling of outdoor open area. This study was carried out to characterized the spray formation, size of droplet, velocity of the droplet and the angle of the spray formation from a commercial mist spray nozzle namely 1\/8 SF-CE SM nozzle with 1 mm and 2 mm diameter hole. Water was supplied with different pressure of 1, 2 and 4 bar. High speed video camera and still digital camera using short burst of flash were used to produce the video and image for analysis. The results show that increase in water pressure affect the spray angle, increase droplet speed and decrease droplet size of the mist spray.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":210797137,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2980039001","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.30880\/ijie.2019.11.03.033","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.30880\/ijie.2019.11.03.033","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\nUntil now studies report inconclusive results as regards the effectiveness of exclusive use of robot-assisted training and clinical indications in stroke patients.\n\n\nOBJECTIVE\nTo evaluate if the only robot-assisted end-effector-based gait training can be feasible in chronic stroke subjects in terms of gait recovery.\n\n\nMETHODS\nFive rehabilitation centers participated and one hundred chronic post-stroke patients were recruited. Patients underwent a robot-assisted end-effector-based gait training as only rehabilitation treatment.6 Minute Walk Test, 10 Meter Walk Test, Timed Up and Go test, Modified Ashworth Scale, Motricity Index, Functional Ambulation Classification (FAC) and Walking Handicap Scale were used as outcome clinical measure. Patients were divided into two groups: those assessed as FAC <3 (Group 1) and as FAC \u2265 3 (Group 2).\n\n\nRESULTS\nStatistically significant changes were observed in each clinical outcome measure. Significant changes were observed in Group 1 and in Group 2. Significant percentages of patients achieved Minimally Clinically Important Difference in 6 Minute Walk Test in Group 2 and Timed Up and Go test in Group 1.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nChronic stroke patients exposed to only robot-assisted end-effector-based gait training showed significant improvements in global motor performances, gait endurance, balance and coordination, lower limbs strength and even spasticity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":40438167,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2588762914","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3233\/NRE-161435","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An active research field is the evaluation of the reliability of a complex network. The most popular methods for such evaluation often use Minimal Paths (MP) or Minimal Cuts (MC) of the network. Although there are many algorithms developed to search for MP or MC, most of them are inefficient for searching a large network due to the combinatorial explosion problem. Another disadvantage is that the existing algorithms are applicable to specific counts of source and sink nodes (e.g., one-to-one, one-to-many, and so on). This article proposes a novel approach to search for all MP in a general flow network. The term \"general\" means that the approach can be used to search for all MP with multi-sources, multi-sinks in the network. The edges can be directed, undirected, or hybrid (mixed with directed and undirected arcs). Some benchmarks from the well-known algorithms in the literature are examined and compared. Moreover, the comprehensive tests are also performed with the grid networks, as well as the well-known networks in the literature to show the efficiency of the approach. A sample code is provided in the article for quick validation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":2,"2013-20":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":5065943,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1968780791","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TR.2012.2220897","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this work, we propose an integrated task allocation and scheduling mechanism to minimize the resource contention and the processing latency for application running on the SegBus platform. The transactions are classified as local and cross border SPLIT transactions. The hybrid scheduling approach implemented by hierarchal arbiter code structure shows significant improvement in system performance. The interrupt scheduling has been implemented to further enhance system performance. A H.264 video encoder application has been used to verify the proposed technique, showing a large improvement in system throughput.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":1649707,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2114224863","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICECS.2010.5724564","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"From the start of the 21st century, a new form of employment has emerged in developing countries. It employs hundreds of thousands of people and earns hundreds of millions of dollars annually. Yet it has been almost invisible to both the academic and development communities. It is the phenomenon of \"gold farming\": the production of virtual goods and services for players of online games. China is the employment epicentre but the sub-sector has spread to other Asian nations and will spread further as online games-playing grows. It is the first example of a likely future development trend in online employment. It is also one of a few emerging examples in developing countries of \"liminal ICT work\"; jobs associated with digital technologies that are around or just below the threshold of what is deemed socially-acceptable and\/or formally-legal.This paper reviews what we know so far about gold farming, seeking to provide the first systematic analysis of the sub-sector. It assembles available data at the sectoral, enterprise and worker level. Five main analytical lenses are then applied. Economic analysis shows how exchange rate variations and scale economies do and do not impact gold farming; and the strong influence of information failure in the purchase of virtual items: known as \"real-money trading\". Analysis from the perspective of industrial sociology charts the commoditisation and globalisation of the sub-sector, while value chain models identify resource dependencies and power inequities. Enterprise analysis investigates enterprise entry, existence and progression, and outlines the competitive forces shaping the sub-sector's development; particularly threats. Developmental analysis investigates the impact of this sub-sector in macro and micro terms. Finally, there is a sociological analysis of the role played by perceptions and other social forces.In using a broad base of analytical perspectives, the paper aims to encourage, and provide a stepping stone for, further research on this growing phenomenon. It concludes by outlining and justifying a future research agenda.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":155988347,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2276847238","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3477387","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.research.manchester.ac.uk\/portal\/en\/publications\/current-analysis-and-future-research-agenda-on-gold-farming-realworld-production-in-developing-countries-for-the-virtual-economies-of-online-games(3501bf78-83b7-48e7-a5e5-7be4dd9019b4).html","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A train of high-speed microdrops impacting on a liquid pool can create a very deep and narrow cavity, reaching depths more than 1000 times the size of the individual drops. The impact of such a droplet train is studied numerically using boundary integral simulations. In these simulations, we solve the potential flow in the pool and in the impacting drops, taking into account the influence of liquid inertia, gravity and surface tension. We show that for microdrops the cavity shape and maximum depth primarily depend on the balance of inertia and surface tension and discuss how these are influenced by the spacing between the drops in the train. Finally, we derive simple scaling laws for the cavity depth and width.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":51914090,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2293857834","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/jfm.2016.105","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/ris.utwente.nl\/ws\/files\/7003871\/impact.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Strategies for improving stylistic efficiency of technical writing are presented. The strategies, in contrast to the myriad of advice on how to improve sentence style, create sentence flow and give the prose a character that propels readers along. Improvements in stylistic efficiency come from aligning word order with readers' expectations so as to restrict the reader's interpretive latitude. >","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":61677750,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2134453154","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/47.158977","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper reviews theoretical and experimental work on gas rotation in discharges ignited in a longitudinal magnetic field. There is abundant evidence that such a field causes plasma-dust structures to rotate in the plane perpendicular to itself. This rotation cannot be explained solely by the dragging action of azimuthally moving ions. Drag is also exerted by the gas rotating under the moment produced by the Ampere force that arises in discharge regions with a nonuniform magnetic field near solenoid end faces and due to the narrowing of the discharge channel cross section. In a stratified discharge in a uniform magnetic field, an eddy electric current due to the noncollinearity of the plasma-density and temperature gradients brings the gas to rotation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":118136358,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1570361623","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3367\/UFNe.0185.201506c.0613","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"It is very important for State Departments of Transportation (DOT) to establish strategies with regard to maintenance, repair, and rehabilitation (MR&R) of bridges. With the availability of Bridge Management Systems (BMS) such as PONTIS and BRIDGIT, owners are beginning to emphasize cost-effective proactive strategies from the start, when the bridge is new. Therefore, a model is required for the development of optimal MR&R action scenarios suitable to each DOT for effective management of the bridges. This article introduces a Model for Evaluating Maintenance, Repair and REhabilitation Strategies (MEMRRES) in concrete bridge decks. The MEMRRES assists the decision makers in determining the optimal MR&R strategy among the feasible MR&R strategies. The MEMRRES methodology is explained through a hypothetical example and is applied for determining the optimal MR&R strategy of concrete bridge decks for 24 State DOT (DOTs). It can be used as a tool by bridge engineers within their respective DOT to select cost-effective MR&R actions for concrete bridge decks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":110060343,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2042302392","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/10286600500392742","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of nucleolar and spindle associated protein 1 (NUSAP1) on lung cancer and the related mechanisms. Methods: A549 cells were transfected with NUSAP1 siRNA, the cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and apoptosis were detected by CCK8, Transwell and flow cytometry, respectively. Western blot was used to detect the expressions of apoptosis and AKT\/mTOR signal pathway related proteins. Results: Compared with the negative control group, the proliferation [(0.610\u00b10.058) vs (1.724\u00b10.067), P<0.05], migration [(178.267\u00b114.780) vs (272.464\u00b136.232), P<0.05] and invasion [(73.527\u00b16.617) vs (120.585\u00b113.235), P<0.05] of NUSAP1 deleted A549 cells were significantly inhibited, while the apoptosis [(3.572\u00b10.214)% vs (11.358\u00b11.047)%, P<0.05] was significantly increased. The expressions of apoptosis related protein Bax and active-caspase 3 were increased (P<0.05), while the expressions of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 and proliferation related protein P70, the phosphorylation levels of AKT and mTOR were reduced in NUSAP1 knockdown cells (P<0.05). Conclusion: NUSAP1 knockdown can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion, and promote the apoptosis of tumor cells through suppressing AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway in lung cancer cells.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":221328251,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3080881782","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn112152-20200226-00132","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"\"The novelist has a noble function.\" --Sinclair Lewis \"Elizabeth Taylor is not my Imperial Woman.\" --Pearl Buck I Introduction On Pearl S. Buck, a considerable amount of literary criticism exists exclusively on The Good Earth and Dragon Seed, which constitutes a popular and academic myth that the merit of this Nobel Prize winner might only lie in the presentation of Chinese peasants in pre-modern China. What happened to her career and accomplishments after her repatriation to the United States? As the first woman writer in America who won the Nobel Prize of Literature in 1938, why has she no place and placement in the history of American Literature? (1) As far as I know, Buck had an extraordinary long and productive literary career, which lasted almost half a century, before and after the publication of The Good Earth (1931), or Dragon Seed (1941); even the film production thereof. According to the Harris biography (1969), which was composed in close collaboration with Buck when she was still alive, Buck had already published some 40 novels, 6 fiction collections, 22 nonfictions, 15 translations of Chinese and Japanese novels. Most of these works were published not only in English and in the United States, but also in many countries in Europe and Asia, and in so many world languages--Arabic, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Hebrew, Icelandic, Indonesian, India, Italian, Japanese, Norwegian, Persian, Serbo-Croat, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish, Portuguese. A 1970 UNESCO survey finds Buck's work translated into 145 different languages and dialects, more frequently translated than any other American writer. The Harris bibliography does not include her letters and lectures, public speeches and private correspondence that I came across from other sources. In fact, a huge amount of bibliographical and biographical material is available for Buck study and worthy of scholarly attention. For example, Professor Peter Conn at University of Pennsylvania in 1990s organized conferences and did exhaustive research on Buck, published a substantial, award-winning biography in 1996. Another biography came out recently--Hilary Spurling's Pearl Buck in China: Journey to the Good Earth (New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 2010). Fortunately, Buck remains to be the subject of doctoral dissertations throughout the decades. The most remarkable study on Pearl Buck's role as a political activist after her repatriation, I must mention, is Robert Shaffer's \"Pearl S. Buck and the American Internationalist Tradition,\" a nine hundred page long doctoral dissertation--the longest dissertation I have ever read--done at Rutgers State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, 2003. The work claims that Pearl Buck played an important role in the 1930s-1950s in trying to shape US government policy toward Asia and toward other parts of the non-white world, and shaping the attitudes of the American public toward the Asians. Buck criticized American unilateralism, racism, and complicity with imperialism, which alienated Asia from America. She functioned as a political activist through public speaking, publishing, and networking with other writers and activists. A broad network of writers and activists coalesced around Buck and her husband Richard Walsh on such diverse concerns as the status of women, the politics of famine and hunger in Asia, the struggle for decolonization, and alternatives to US Cold War policy. One of the alternatives Buck advocated was \"global education,\" which she held as a necessity for the \"understanding and eradication of sheer ignorant prejudice\" in policy making, beyond the sentimental belief of humanism. (2) I believe she was not speaking of \"political correctness,\" but political \"wisdom,\" or what we call \"well-informed strategic planning.\" She thought that simple ignorance, combined with immaturity, kept Americans from understanding their proper role. \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":151080294,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"180557287","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The surface properties of GaN films grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy were investigated by using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Auger electron spectroscopy, while the depth profile was analysed by the Ar ion sputtering method.The contaminants carbon and silicon are chiefly adsorbed onto the surface while oxygen and aluminium diffuse into the bulk to distribute in a certain depth. The mixture oxides is roughly 0.1\u03bcm in thickness. Based on the analytical results of XPS of the GaN films, the Ni\/Cr\/Au interdigital metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) structure has been fabricated. It has been found that the contact behaviour of the Ni\/Cr\/Au\/undoped GaN exhibits a linear I-V characteristic under dark and 362-um light excitation without annealing treatment. The lower resistance of the MSM structure has also been observed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":93849426,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1494784494","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The transforming growth factor-\u03b2 (TGF-\u03b2) family is critically involved in the development and maintenance of skeletal tissues. In searches for factors with potent cartilage and bone inductive activities, TGF-\u03b2 was isolated as cartilage-inducing factor (Seyedin et al. 1987), whereas bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) were isolated as factors able to induce cartilage and bone formation (Urist 1965; Luyten et al. 1989). The TGF-\u03b2 family shows extensive redundancy of ligands, receptors, agonists, and antagonists, yet the diverse temporal and spatial patterns of expression of each pathway component allow these signaling factors to direct skeletal development and homeostasis by regulating patterning, cell-fate determination, cell differentiaton, and bone remodeling. The critical roles of each factor are evident in mice with mutations in components of these pathways, whereas in vitro studies have elucidated the mechanisms for the action of the TGF-\u03b2 family in mesenchymal and skeletal cells. Because the TGF-\u03b2 family has a central role in the regulation of mesenchymal differentiation into skeletal cells, its role in osteoblast and chondrocyte development is detailed in Chapter 21. Here we discuss, at the tissue level, the impact of TGF-\u03b2 family ligands and signaling pathways in skeletal patterning, skeletal development, and skeletal maintenance and metabolism, as well as the effects of their deregulation in many skeletal diseases. IMPLICATION AND LOCALIZATION OF TGF-\u03b2 FAMILY SIGNALING COMPONENTS IN THE SKELETON Many members of the TGF-\u03b2 family, their receptors, and signaling effectors, the Smads, are widely expressed in mesenchymal tissues throughout development and, in particular, at sites of skeletal patterning and...","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":41659005,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2282253642","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1101\/087969752.50.667","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Reports on this subject have been made in recent medical literature, but the number of systematic investigations have been few, therefore it was thought that a study of the thymic shadow in infants, made at definite periods of their lives, and over a prescribed time, would offer material worthy of report. For this purpose, a total of 119 new-born infants were examined roentgenologically. The first roentgenogram was made within forty-eight hours after birth; the second, ten days later, and then monthly thereafter, up to the end of the first year of life. Owing to the difficulties which are perfectly apparent, it was not possible to follow up many of these infants after the first month in the manner planned. For various reasons, many failed to return for subsequent examinations and were lost track of entirely. The material at our disposal, however, seems of sufficient interest to warrant this report. In","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":71657121,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1983161890","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/ARCHPEDI.1922.04120090015003","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The introduction of wavelength converters in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) networks can reduce the blocking probabilities of calls. In this paper, we study the problem of placing a given number of converters in a general topology WDM network such that the overall system blocking probability is minimized. The original contributions of this work are the following: 1) formulation of success probability in a network as a polynomial function of the locations of converters; 2) proposal of an optimization model of the converter placement problem as the minimization of a polynomial function of 0-1 variables under a linear constraint, so that standard optimization tools can be employed to solve the problem; and 3) design of a search algorithm that can efficiently find the optimal solution to the converter placement problem. Experiments have been conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and the efficiency of the algorithm.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":17433594,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2115635094","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JLT.2003.809584","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To make their services more user friendly, online social media platforms automatically identify text that corresponds to URLs and render it as clickable links. In this paper, we show that the techniques used by such services to recognize URLs are often too permissive and can result in unintended URLs being displayed in social network messages. Among others, we show that popular platforms (such as Twitter) will render text as a clickable URL if a user forgets a space after a full stop at the end of a sentence, and the first word of the next sentence happens to be a valid Top Level Domain. Attackers can take advantage of these unintended URLs by registering the corresponding domains and exposing millions of Twitter users to arbitrary malicious content. To characterize the threat that unintended URLs pose to social media users, we perform a large-scale study of unintended URLs in tweets over a period of 7 months. By designing a classifier capable of differentiating between intended and unintended URLs posted in tweets, we find more than 26K unintended URLs posted by accounts with tens of millions of followers. As part of our study, we also register 45 unintended domains and quantify the traffic that attackers can get by merely registering the right domains at the right time. Finally, due to the severity of our findings, we propose a lightweight browser extension which can, on the fly, analyze the tweets that users compose and alert them of potentially unintended URLs and raise a warning, allowing users to fix their mistake before the tweet is posted.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":231878531,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3137646671","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.14722\/NDSS.2021.24322","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) can occur rarely in patients exposed to iodinated contrast and result in contrast-induced AKI (CI-AKI). A key risk factor is the presence of preexisting chronic kidney disease (CKD); therefore, it is important to assess patient risk and obtain kidney function measurement prior to administration. Point-of-care (PoC) testing provides an alternative strategy but there remains uncertainty, with respect to diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility. Methods: A device study compared three PoC analysers (Nova StatSensor, Abbott i-STAT and Radiometer ABL800 FLEX) with a reference laboratory standard (Roche Cobas 8000 series, enzymatic creatinine). Three hundred adult patients attending a UK hospital phlebotomy department were recruited to have additional blood samples for analysis on the PoC devices. Results: The ABL800 FLEX had the strongest concordance with laboratory measured serum creatinine (mean bias=\u22120.86, 95% limits of agreement=\u22129.6 to 7.9) followed by the i-STAT (average bias=3.88, 95% limits of agreement=\u22128.8 to 16.6) and StatSensor (average bias=3.56, 95% limits of agreement=\u221227.7 to 34.8). In risk classification, the ABL800 FLEX and i-STAT identified all patients with an eGFR\u226430, whereas the StatSensor resulted in a small number of missed high-risk cases (n=4\/13) and also operated outside of the established performance goals. Conclusions: The screening of patients at risk of CI-AKI may be feasible with PoC technology. However, in this study, it was identified that the analyser concordance with the laboratory reference varies. It is proposed that further research exploring PoC implementation in imaging department pathways is needed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":4993308,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2799888868","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2018-0128","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2018-0128\/pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE\nTriclosan is an antimicrobial agent commonly used in consumer and medical products that inhibits bacterial fatty acid synthesis. In addition to its bactericidal effects, sublethal concentrations of triclosan reduce local inflammation, inhibit the growth of bacterial uropathogens, induce membrane stress, and inhibit P-fimbrial expression in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). We tested whether sublethal concentrations of triclosan could reduce the adherence of UPEC to bladder and kidney cells and reduce the amount of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) produced by these cells during bacterial challenge in vitro.\n\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS\nAssays of bacterial growth, adhesion, and intracellularization were performed using UPEC GR12 incubated for 4 hours on monolayers of human T24 bladder cells or A498 kidney cells with various sublethal concentrations of triclosan. The expression profile of TNF-alpha from bladder cells was evaluated using ELISA.\n\n\nRESULTS\nNo significant decreases were observed in the adherence or invasion percentages of UPEC GR12 with either cell line when treated with sublethal amounts of triclosan. However, treatment with triclosan 0.5 microg\/mL led to a significant decrease in the total number of UPEC GR12 recovered from T24 monolayers (P < 0.05). Importantly, a reduction in the expression of TNF-alpha by T24 cells was shown when UPEC GR12 was treated with triclosan (P < 0.05).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nSublethal concentrations of triclosan did not inhibit the adhesion or intracellularization of UPEC into kidney or bladder cell lines but did significantly reduce the amount of TNF-alpha secreted by bladder cells. Therefore, the use of triclosan on ureteral stents may prove clinically beneficial, not only by inhibiting bacterial survival and growth within the urinary tract, but by reducing local inflammation as well.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":21314944,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1993925047","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1089\/END.2007.9903","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper contains a complete proof of Fukaya's and Kato's -isomorphism conjecture in [23] for invertible \u039b-modules (the case of V = V0(r) where V0 is unramified of dimension 1). Our results rely heavily on Kato's unpublished proof of (commutative) -isomorphisms for one dimensional representations of GQp in [27], but apart from fixing some sign-ambiguities in (loc. cit.) we use the theory of (\u03c6,\u0393)-modules instead of syntomic cohomology. Also, for the convenience of the reader we give a slight modification or rather reformulation of it in the language of [23] and extend it to the (slightly non-commutative) semi-global setting. Finally we discuss some direct applications concerning the Iwasawa theory of CM elliptic curves, in particular the local Iwasawa Main Conjecture for CM elliptic curves E over the extension of Qp which trivialises the p-power division points E(p) of E. In this sense the paper is complimentary to the joint work [7] on noncommutative Main Conjectures for CM elliptic curves.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":55529592,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2950757374","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2140\/ant.2013.7.2369","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1204.4269"},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/msp.org\/ant\/2013\/7-10\/ant-v7-n10-p01-s.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Continental global water filter Mobile surface waters and soil waters are relatively disconnected on a global scale. Water on land is eventually lost by surface runoff into the oceans or is ultimately sent back to the atmosphere through evapotranspiration processes. Good et al. determined that 65% of continental water evaporation is from soils, which includes water taken up and transpired by plants (see the Perspective by Brooks). Although just a small fraction of global surface waters pass through soils, individual stream ecosystems may be affected by water quality changes in nearby soils. Science, this issue p. 175; see also p. 138 Most of global continental evaporation occurs from soils, not surface waters. [Also see Perspective by Brooks] Continental precipitation not routed to the oceans as runoff returns to the atmosphere as evapotranspiration. Partitioning this evapotranspiration flux into interception, transpiration, soil evaporation, and surface water evaporation is difficult using traditional hydrological methods, yet critical for understanding the water cycle and linked ecological processes. We combined two large-scale flux-partitioning approaches to quantify evapotranspiration subcomponents and the hydrologic connectivity of bound, plant-available soil waters with more mobile surface waters. Globally, transpiration is 64 \u00b1 13% (mean \u00b1 1 standard deviation) of evapotranspiration, and 65 \u00b1 26% of evaporation originates from soils and not surface waters. We estimate that 38 \u00b1 28% of surface water is derived from the plant-accessed soil water pool. This limited connectivity between soil and surface waters fundamentally structures the physical and biogeochemical interactions of water transiting through catchments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":40632158,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2098787944","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa5931","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/sci\/349\/6244\/175.full.pdf","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For the residents of the Pine Ridge reservation in South Dakota, mainstream medical care is often supplemented or replaced by a host of traditional practices: the Sun Dance, the yuwipi sing, the heyok'a ceremony, herbalism, the Sioux Religion, the peyotism of the Native American Church, and other medicines, or sources of healing. Thomas H. Lewis, a psychiatrist and medical anthropologist, describes those practices as he encountered them in the late 1960s and early 1970s.During many months he studied with leading practitioners. He describes the healers--their techniques, personal histories and qualities, the problems addressed and results obtained--and examines past as well as present practices. The result is an engrossing account that may profoundly affect the way readers view the dynamics of therapy for mind and body.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":72090922,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2795711577","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/1185375","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract According to many of its proponents, the proposition that democracies do not fight each other is 'as close as anything we have to an empirical law'. However, there have been several incidents among solidified liberal democracies where force was threatened or even used. Since these inter-democratic militarised interstate disputes (MIDs) almost always took place in the context of fisheries disputes, we examine two of these conflicts in detail: the cod wars between Iceland and Britain between the 1950s and the 1970s and the turbot war between Canada and Spain. We ask why these fisheries conflicts became militarised in the first place but did not escalate further. In both cases it was actually the presumed impossibility of a more violent escalation which led the parties to use force in the first place. Moreover, the (limited) use of force was almost always accompanied by the efforts of the parties involved to achieve some formalisation of international rules in the context of expanding regimes. Having demonstrated how some of the more prominent causal mechanisms stipulated by democratic peace theorists fail to convincingly account of these cases, we refrain from concluding that any of this falsifies the democratic peace proposition. However, in conclusion we do call into question the premises of the falsificationist methodology underlying much of the democratic peace debate on both theoretical and metholdological grounds. Reframing the democratic peace proposition in terms of a large-scale process of descuritisation, we contend, allows us to understand better how democratic interstate interaction remains inherently conflictive and possibly still subject to process of resecuritisation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":144997884,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2056078505","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0260210508008139","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Several methods that eliminate timing margins by detecting and correcting transient delay errors have been proposed [1-5]. These Razor-style systems replace critical flip-flops with ones that detect late arriving signals, and use architectural replay to correct errors. However, none of these methods have been applied to a complete commercial processor due to their architectural invasiveness. In addition, these Razor techniques introduce significant hold time constraints that are difficult to meet given worsening timing variability. To address these two issues we propose Bubble Razor (B-Razor) (Fig. 28.6.1), which uses a novel error-detection technique based on two-phase latch timing and a local replay mechanism that can be inserted automatically in any design. The error detection technique breaks the dependency between minimum delay and speculation window, restoring hold-time constraints to conventional values and allowing timing speculation of up to 100% of nominal delay. The large timing speculation makes Bubble Razor especially applicable to low-voltage designs where timing variation grows exponentially.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-20":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":212413308,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a systemic autoimmune disease that carries the highest mortality burden among the rheumatic diseases. Disease risk and course are difficult to predict in individual patients, and anti-inflammatory and B-cell depleting therapies show varying results. >95% of SSc patients harbor autoantibodies. Among those, anti-topoisomerase antibodies (ATA) and anti-centromere antibodies (ACA) are most prevalent, mutually exclusive in individual patients and associate with distinct disease phenotypes. Despite these associations, the clinical value of both ATA and ACA for patient stratification within these phenotypes is limited. Here, we hypothesized that phenotypic and functional characteristics of the underlying autoreactive B cell responses could allow insights in differential 'immunological disease activity' in individual patients, thereby providing indications as to potential drivers of these responses as well as granularity as to which patients may benefit from targeted interventions. Objectives: To assess phenotypic and functional characteristics of anti-topoisomerase and anticentromere specific B cell responses in individual patients with SSc. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from ATAand ACA-positive SSc patients were cultured without stimulation or in the presence of CD40L-expressing fibroblasts, IL-21 and BAFF. Following culture, ATAand ACA-IgG and -IgA were measured in culture supernatants by ELISA. In addition, PBMC were depleted of circulating plasmablasts by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS), and isolated plasmablasts were cultured separately. Furthermore, the presence of antigen-specific plasmablasts was confirmed by ELISPOT. Finally, the degree of spontaneous ATA secretion was correlated to the presence or absence of interstitial lung disease (ILD; based on high-resolution computed tomography). Healthy donors and patients with rheumatoid arthritis served as controls. Results: We observed that individual ATAand ACA-positive SSc patients harbored circulating B cells that secrete either ATA-IgG or ACA-IgG upon stimulation, depending on their serotype. In addition, we noted spontaneous secretion of ATA-IgG and, more remarkably, extensive secretion of ATA-IgA in ATA-positive patients. This degree of spontaneous, antigen-specific IgA secretion was specific for the ATA response, while spontaneous ACA-IgA secretion was undetectable in patients harboring ACA. FACS experiments and ELISPOT showed that the spontaneous ATA-IgA and -IgG secretion was attributable to circulating plasmablasts. Of note, the degree of spontaneous ATA-IgG secretion was remarkably higher in patients with ILD than in those without. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that individual ATA-positive SSc patients harbor activated ATA-IgG and ATA-IgA B cell responses, as indicated by the spontaneous secretion of both ATA isotypes by circulating plasmablasts. Importantly, by taking the presence of plasmablasts as a proxy for recent B cell activation, our data suggest a link between the activity of the antigen-specific B cell response and the presence of ILD. In contrast, the ACA B cell response was far less active and lacked the active IgA component, which suggests a difference in the triggers driving these autoreactive B cell responses in patients. In fact, the remarkable ATA-IgA secretion points towards a potential mucosal trigger of the ATA response, which may be continuously active in individual patients. Disclosure of Interests: None declared. DOI: 10.1136\/annrheumdis-2021-eular.4161","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":249233003,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The main aim of this paper is to present how to derive logical software architectures for CRUD (Create, Read, Update and Delete) applications using a specific technique called 4SRS. In this technique, a component diagram, which is obtained through transformations of use cases, is used to represent the logical software architecture. To show that the 4SRS technique, which was initially devised for behavior-intensive reactive systems, is also effective and gives seamless results for other software domains, it is being experimented on data processing systems, which typically follow a CRUD pattern. For demonstration purposes, the FPL tower interface system, which is responsible for communication between air traffic control operators and flight data processing system on airports of Portugal, has been used as a case study.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":18922901,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2102246160","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICSEA.2007.25","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We review the current development status of Mo-Si-B alloys consisting of Mo solid solution and the intermetallic phases Mo3Si and Mo5SiB2 which could take advantage of the beneficial oxidation resistance of the silicide phases and of the outstanding mechanical properties of molybdenum. For adequate low temperature toughness a continuous Mo solid solution matrix should be established in the microstructure. Besides, wrought processing of such alloys at elevated temperatures requires the presence of an ultra-fine grained (UFG) microstructure. Both the prerequisites can be fulfilled using mechanical alloying (MA) as the crucial processing step which even yields nanostructured supersaturated powders after milling. However, values for the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) close to room temperature are unlikely due to grain boundary embrittlement by Si segregation. The possibility of reducing this segregation tendency by various micro-alloying additions will be demonstrated. Finally, the high temperature deformation behaviour of these UFG materials will be comparatively assessed against state-of-the-art Nickelbase single-crystalline superalloys.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136950493,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2057758207","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.633-634.549","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Th e place of truth in the public sphere and public politics has recently been shattered, as evidenced by the rise of concepts like \"post-truth\". Severe concerns about truth being de-fenseless in the face of the masses embracing lies gave rise to the fears that unchained democracy together with the newest communication technologies threatens the destruction of the rational public sphere. Th is paper proposes a distinctly political approach to the challenges that truth is facing. It draws on Gabriel Tarde's idea of publics as crowds to direct the attention towards political experiences sustaining the prevalence of di ff erent sorts of lying and truth-denial in the public sphere. Hannah Arendt's observations on the inherent tensions between truth and politics are employed to demonstrate that the imposition of truth can be tyrannical and trigger its rejection as a properly political rebellious response. Th e paper proposes to di ff erentiate between two distinct political-emotional experiences behind anti-truth politics, those of truth-rejection and truth-hostility, the latter resulting from a massive depo-liticization and fi lled with cynicism and nihilism. It is argued that attempts to protect truth by extra-political means misapprehend the causes of resistance against truth, and are likely to result in the more destructive reactions. Th e paper hints at the need for re-establishing the political legitimacy of truth.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":2,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":264858602,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Submarine fans of Late Palaeocene and Early Eocene age form important hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Bruce-Beryl Embayment, northern North Sea. The Early Eocene fans are the main reservoirs in the Forth-Gryphon oilfields and in the giant Frigg gasfield. Significant oil discoveries have also been made in Late Palaeocene fans. Forth and Gryphon lie on the flanks of the Crawford Anticline, a drape structure that developed during the Palaeocene above the crest of a Mesozoic tilted fault block. The Early Eocene fans pinchout against the flanks of the anticline implying continued growth of the structure throughout the Eocene. Growth was accompanied by the development of major gravity slides that detached in a sequence of altered, basaltic tephras at the base of the Eocene sequence. Seismic-scale, post-depositional deformation (sandstone diapirism and the intrusion of clastic sills and dykes) connected with this sliding dramatically modified the original depositional geometries of the fans. A detailed account of the deformation features, illustrated with core, wireline log and three-dimensional seismic data is presented together with a discussion of their exploration\/appraisal significance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":129510993,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2015966856","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1144\/GSL.SP.1995.094.01.07","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: The bride and groom are part of the preconception care program targets. The period before conception for the bride and groom is very important to consider in order to prepare for a healthy pregnancy. Aim of this study is to analize the effect of giving the preconception care booklet on the knowledge and self efficacy of the prospective bride and groom (catin). Methods: The research method used was quantitative with a quasi experimental approach pre and post test without control. with a total sample of 56 people (28 catin), assessing knowledge and self-efficacy using a questionnaire. The intervention given to respondents was education with preconception booklets. Results: The results of the analysis showed that in the pre and post groups both knowledge and self-efficacy obtained a p-value of 0.000 <0.05 so that there was a difference between the pre-test and post-test levels of knowledge on reproductive health and sef efficacy of the prospective bride and groom. This means that Ha is rejected and Ho is accepted. Conclusion: Recommendation in this study is the influence of giving the Preconception Care Booklet on the knowledge and Self Efficacy of the bride and groom.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":229401164,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3110303203","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.37341\/interest.v9i2.254","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/jurnalinterest.com\/index.php\/int\/article\/download\/254\/167","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract In a previous study, we reported that deploying small amounts of biogenic oil derived from the livers of school sharks (Galeorhinus galeus) was effective in reducing the numbers of seabirds attending fishing vessels and seabird diving activity in the Hauraki Gulf, New Zealand. This seabird assemblage was numerically dominated by Flesh-footed Shearwaters (Puffinus carneipes) and the globally vulnerable Black Petrel (Procellariaparkinsoni). The results suggested that the oil deterrent operated via an olfactory or chemesthetic mechanism. Here we compare the deterrent effects of shark- liver oil with three other fish oils, in the Flesh-footed Shearwater-Black Petrel assemblage. We also report on trials assessing the deterrent efficacy of shark-liver oil and one other fish oil in an assemblage including four species of albatrosses (Diomedea spp., Thalasarcche spp.), Southern and Northern Giant-Petrels (Macronectes giganteus and M. halli), and Cape Petrels (Daption capense). Shark-liver oil was the most effective deterrent of the four fish oils tested in the Flesh-footed Shearwater\u2014Black Petrel assemblage, but it did not deter albatrosses, giant-petrels or Cape Petrels from attending vessels. Thus, the deterrent was effective only on burrow-nesting seabird species. These results may provide further support for our speculation that the deterrent operates via an olfactory mechanism, while corroborating other work linking life-history characteristics of seabirds to their sensory ecology. We recommend research to investigate the mechanism and active ingredients by which shark-liver oil deters some species of seabirds. We also suggest testing fish oils on White-chinned (Procellaria aequinoctialis) and Grey (Procellaria cinerea) Petrels, and Sooty Shearwaters (Puffinus griseus), as well as in other areas occupied by Flesh-footed Shearwaters, to assess further potential for this natural oil or its ingredients to reduce by-catch of seabird species globally.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":83868726,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1992039707","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1071\/MU06050","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We propose a depolarizer based on the principle of a collection of half-wave plates with randomly distributed optic axes. The design is demonstrated by means of dynamically photopatterning liquid crystal into randomly aligned homogeneous domains. We characterize the liquid crystal depolarizer for 1550\u00a0nm and C-band (1520\u20131610\u00a0nm). A degree of polarization of less than 5% is obtained for any linearly polarized light. This study provides a practical candidate for high-performance depolarizers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":53404126,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2318808383","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1364\/PRJ.4.000070","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The local elastic and plastic strain during deformation are very complicated and different form the macroscopic strain, because most materials have inhomogeneous microstructure. In this study, local strain distribution in three dimensions has been measured using the new developed method based on image analysis in high-resolution synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SR-CT). Model and practical specimens, which made of cupper alloy and aluminum alloy, respectively, were prepared for a development procedure and application of local strain measurements. Gauging intervals of microstructural features before and after deformation gave us information of inhomogeneous local strain distribution in three dimensions. High strain was observed in a necking region appeared after tensile deformation in the model sample. A combination of non-destructive measurements by SR-CT and three-dimensional analysis revealed inhomogeneous strain distributions in practical aluminum samples.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":137341639,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1965192176","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.345-346.1153","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Plant Pathology is an international journal, owned and edited by the British Society for Plant Pathology. The Journal covers all aspects of plant pathology and reaches subscribers in 80 countries. Top quality original research papers and critical reviews from around the world cover diseases of temperate and tropical plants caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, mycoplasma-like organisms and nematodes; physiological, biochemical, molecular, ecological, genetic and economic aspects of plant pathology; disease epidemiology and modeling; disease appraisal and crop loss assessment as well as plant disease control and disease-related crop management.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":82002398,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"642174652","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5772\/1390","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Shape Memory Alloys SMA attracts more and more interest and nowadays many research centers are working on developing more accurate and applicable actuators. A tangible effect of using SMA materials is considerable simplification of the constructions used so far, which entails obvious economic benefits. Along with the increase in the volume of production and decrease in the cost of production, SMA materials become increasingly available on the consumer market. In the article the use of SMA wire to build and control linear position actuators was presented. The SMA actuator is characterized by one of the highest in technology weight ratios, which describes the ratio of maximum external load to its own weight. It allows for building miniature devices which are extremely efficient. Generally SMA wires are applied as on-off objects. After initial research and building several prototypes the gear transmission was chosen. It was decided to realize an actuator which can work in both directions of displacement, and so allow for the elimination of a return spring, which is a unique solution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":138567988,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2248181208","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/SSP.147-149.237","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an infectious pulmonary disease that develops after 48 hours of ventilation. To date, several methods have been proposed to reduce VAP occurrence, such as the VAP prevention bundle, which involves raising the head of the bed, reducing sedation, avoiding deep vein thrombosis, and preventing peptic ulcer in the gastrointestinal system. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of personnel in hand washing, case airway suctioning, and systematic monitoring in the prevention of VAP. Methods: In the current clinical trial, 129 patients hospitalized and intubated at Vali-e-Asr Hospital ICU in Arak, Iran, were included in the study and randomized to one of the three VAP prevention methods: group A, VAP prevention bundle measures; group B, group A measures plus washing of patients' mouth with 0.12% chlorhexidine and suction of secretion every six hours; and finally group C, group B measures plus 72-hour suction package. Demographic information, VAP diagnosis, and outcome of each patient were recorded in the special checklist. Results: The age of the patients ranged from 18 years to 93 years with a mean of 54.6 \u00b1 21.8 years. There was no significant difference in age, sex, Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS), and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) between the three groups. However, there is a significant relationship between chest X-ray (CXR) index and pneumonia in the three groups (p < 0.05). The prevalence of pneumonia is generally seen to be higher in patients who were local, diffuse, or patchy than those who had no infiltration (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study showed that the application of VAP prevention bundle measures, mouthwash with chlorhexidine, personnel hand washing, airway suctioning, and systematic monitoring is an efficient approach to the prevention of VAP in ICUs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":237364955,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5339\/qmj.2021.21","PubMedCentral":"8382087","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5339\/qmj.2021.21","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Typical specimens of AZ31B Magnesium alloy were processed by single point and continuous laser shock peening (LSP). The selected laser energy was 25 J, spot diameter was 8 mm, peening spacing was 8 mm and peening times were 2. The obtained value of residual compressive stresses were -144.3 MPa and -230 MPa for single and continuous LSP respectively, and the magnitude of residual stress was in direct proportion to the depth of deformation in definite micro-deformation range. The average surface micro-hardness in the laser spot zone was 92.42 HV, which increased by 26% as compared to 73.2 HV of substrate, the depth of hardened layer was about 0.3 mm, and the maximum micro-hardness was about 109.86 HV beneath surface of 0.05~0.075 mm. Large amount of crystal chunks appeared at the crystal grain boundaries and inside the grains, and the average grain size decreased from the untreated 7 \u03bcm to the peened 4 \u03bcm. The results show that the nucleation of fatigue crack can be retarded and the mechanical properties of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet can be improved greatly with LSP process.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":138127419,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2146428580","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.628-629.691","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We describe a seemingly un-noticed feature of the text-book Maxwell\u2013Lorentz system of classical electrodynamics which challenges its formulation in terms of an initial value problem. For point-charges, even after appropriate renormalization, we demonstrate that most of the generic initial data evolves to develop singularities in the electromagnetic fields along the light cones of the initial charge positions. We provide explicit formulas for the corresponding fields, demonstrate how this phenomenon renders the initial value problem ill-posed, and show how such bad initial data can be ruled out by extra conditions in addition to the Maxwell constraints. These extra conditions, however, require knowledge of the history of the solution and, as we discuss, effectively turn the Maxwell\u2013Lorentz system into a system of delay equations much like the Fokker\u2013Schwarzschild\u2013Tetrode equations. For extended charges such singular light fronts persist in a smoothened form and, as we argue, yield physically doubtful solutions. Our results also apply to some extent to expectation values of field operators in quantum field theory.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":119117373,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3098017300","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/1751-8113\/49\/44\/445202","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1602.04685"},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1751-8113\/49\/44\/445202\/pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives To examine the associations between job exposure to the public (e.g., customers, guests, users of a public service, patients) and alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use. Methods From the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort, 16,566 men and 17,426 women currently working were included between 2012 and 2016. They reported their exposure to the public (daily versus no daily), and among the daily exposed participants (10,323 men and 13,318 women), the frequency of stressful exposure (often versus rarely). Dependent variables were: chronic alcohol consumption (<1(1), 1-27(1\u201313), 28-42(14\u201328), >42(28) drinks per week in men(women)), heavy episodic drinking (never, at most once a month, more than once a month), alcohol use risk with Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (mild, dangerous, problematic or dependence), tobacco use (non-smoker, former smoker, 1\u20139, 10\u201319, >19 cigarettes per day) and cannabis use (never, not in past year, less than once a month, once a month or more). Logistic regressions provided odds ratios of substance use, stratifying for gender and adjusting for sociodemographic confounders, depression, effort-reward imbalance and perceived health status. Results Exposed men had higher risks of alcohol (chronic alcohol consumption, heavy episodic drinking and alcohol use risk), tobacco and cannabis use. Exposed women had higher risks of tobacco and cannabis use. In men, stressful exposure was associated with increased risks of heavy episodic drinking, tobacco and cannabis use. In women, stressful exposure was associated with increased risks of chronic alcohol consumption, alcohol use risk, tobacco and cannabis use. All these findings remained significant in multivariable analyses, taking into account sociodemographic variables, depressive symptoms, perceived health status and effort-reward imbalance. Conclusions Interventions to reduce emotional job demand should systematically integrate assessment and prevention measures of addictive behaviors. Vulnerable workers may be offered more specific interventions to reduce the impact of exposure to the public on their substance use.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":13703323,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2802397556","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0196330","PubMedCentral":"5929509","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article\/file?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0196330&type=printable","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The aim of this thesis is twofold: 1. to find out how intercultural collaboration between the German and French employees at MBtech and AKKA Technologies, a corporation which recently acquired MBtech, works and 2. to identify conditions under which such collaboration can function smoothly. In order to answer these questions, an extensive literature review as well as an empirical study in the form of interviews have been carried out. The consulted literature comprises English, German and French works. The empirical study is a qualitative method searching to understand the topic in more detail. Interviews were conducted with German and French employees of MBtech and AKKA Technologies living in France and Germany. Globalization and in particular the intense business interconnection between France and Germany, the two economically strongest forces in Europe at present, make intercultural research in this field a topic of interest and importance. The need for permanently constructive collaboration is fuelled by the fact that numerous intercultural collaborations between MBtech and AKKA Technologies are taking place over a long period of time. \nThe research question how intercultural collaboration works at MBtech and AKKA Technologies could only be answered to some extent due to the little representativeness of the qualitative method of interviewing. However, the insights obtained indicate that it works reasonably well. While many statements allow the conclusion that differing views on the German and the French side lead to difficulties, many other statements show that in spite of these differences, intercultural collaboration is on a good and growing level. Based on the findings gained for answering the research question under which conditions intercultural collaboration can function smoothly, a number of concrete recommendations were issued. Being related mainly to enhanced communication and mutual understanding, these recommendations aim at equipping MBtech and Akka Technologies well to face the future.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":114961811,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2612538346","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The mucosa of the esophagus is involved in only one disorder of motor function, lower esophageal sphincter (LES) incompetence. Although long-standing megaesophagus in untreated achalasia used to be associated with inflammation, leukoplakia, and carcinomatous degeneration,1,2modern treatment has made such mucosal changes distinctly more uncommon. This communication, therefore, discusses changes in the esophageal mucosa brought about by reflux of gastrointestinal contents into the esophagus through an incompetent LES. METHODS OF MUCOSAL EVALUATION Several different methods of studying the esophageal mucosa are available, both clinically and experimentally. Roentgenographic contrast study of the mucosa during a barium swallow certainly is the most common form of investigation employed clinically, but unfortunately it is one of the least sensitive. Unless mucosal damage has progressed to deep ulceration or stricture formation, the barium examination of the esophageal mucosa will usually be reported as normal.3This is not surprising, since primary mucosal diseases in","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":27910511,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2074889623","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/ARCHINTE.1976.03630050037008","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Business Process Execution Language has become one of the most important technologies in Service Oriented Architecture, and enables easy and flexible composition of services into business processes. In practice, many business process scenarios require human interactions. WS-BPEL Extension for People (BPEL4People) specifies a BPEL extension to address human interactions in BPEL as a first-class citizen. However the need for detecting the schedule problem is beyond what the BPEL4People can handle. Given a BPEL process with BPEL4People extension, we analyze and solve the schedule problems with a formulized approach. We first transform a BPEL description into a service workflow net, which is a kind of time Petri net (TPN). Based on this formalism, we propose algorithms to generate the Reachable Marking Graph (RMG), analyze the schedule problem, and then provide a method to create new markings to solve the timing conflicts in people activity. Our approach is validated through a real-life case and further research directions are pointed out.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":12624141,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2051820056","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICCASM.2010.5619383","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The quality of mesh generation is very important for the computational simulation of the double channel pump. According to the special characteristics of the double channel pump, there exist a g reat amount of poor-quality elements, most of which are so called Sliver elements, generated by the tetrahedral mesh generation algorithms of Advancing Front Technique (AFT) and Delaunay Triangulation. By studying the type, distribution and reason of the badly sha ped elements, a method to eliminate these Sliver elements was proposed. Then this method was combined with advanced optimization-based smoothing, Laplacian smoothing and swapping optimization to optimize the tetrahedral mesh. The computer language C++ is applied to develop the algorithms. Computational experiments of a double channel pump shown that the worst elements can be removed and the whole quality can be improved noticeably. After comparing the result of numerical simulation with that of the experiment, it is believed that the tetrahedral mesh optimization algorithm can satisfy the computational simulation of the double channel pump.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":16824461,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2140419056","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.12785\/AMIS\/080313","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Phytophthora root and stem rot, caused by Phytophthora sojae Kauf and Gerd, is one of the most damaging diseases of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in the United States. Partial resistance (PR), which is defined as the relative ability of a soybean plant to survive root infection without showing severe symptoms, is an effective way to manage this disease. A modification of the layer test method used to screen for PR to P. sojae in soybean was evaluated. Instead of the P. sojae-colonized agar layer, which is used in the current greenhouse cup assay, P. sojae-infested rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains were used. In addition, a dry root weight (Drw) measurement was compared to a disease severity root rot score, which uses a 1 to 10 visual scale. The rice method was not statistically different from the layer test for the variables evaluated. Advantages of the rice method include reduced cost and the ability to screen soybean germplasm with more than one pathotype of the pathogen in a single assay. A mixture of several pathotypes of P. sojae ensures compatible interactions between isolates used and all known Rps genes, thus avoiding Rps genes that could go undetected and mask PR during screening. Although collecting and handling of roots for Drw data may require more time, it is a more objective variable, which assures precise scoring, it is not rater dependent, and less training of personnel is required.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":85325779,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2073200902","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2135\/CROPSCI2011.05.0241","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract In the last few years, a very active line of research took place after the first identification of SCN5A mutations associated with an inherited form of cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death, the LQT3 variant of the long QT syndrome. Subsequently, two allelic diseases additional to LQT3 were shown to be due to mutations in the same gene, the Brugada syndrome (BrS) and the Lev-Lenegre syndrome (progressive cardiac conduction defect). Genotype-phenotype correlation and in vitro expression studies provide evidence that structure-function relationships of the SCN5A protein are much more complex than initially anticipated. The biophysical characterization of the sodium channel defects associated with different phenotypes and the genotype-phenotype correlation studies brought to the attention of the scientific community a plethora of mechanisms by which even a single amino acid substitution may remarkably affect cardiac excitability. Finally, the evidence of patients harboring an SCN5A mutation and overlapping clinical presentations creates a need for a revision of the traditional classification of the above mentioned diseases. It is now appropriate to consider the \"sodium channel syndrome\" as a unique clinical entity that may manifest itself with a spectrum of possible phenotypes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":34239598,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2044000885","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2003.066","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper examines the impact of timber trade liberalisation on economic welfare and forest conservation in Sri Lanka. A partial equilibrium market simulation model was used to analyse the welfare impacts. Results show that removal of all border charges reduce timber price by about 25%. Decline in timber price reduces the incentives for illegal logging and enhances forest conservation in Sri Lanka. The price reduction also results in an increase of consumer surplus by about US $ 40 million per year. Timber trade liberalisation reduces local supply by about 12% to 31% depending on the elasticity of supply. The reduction of local supply can prevent 6,985, 13,971 and 17,469 ha of deforestation under the inelastic, unitary elastic and elastic demand and supply assumptions, respectively. DOI: 10.4038\/sjae.v8i0.1826 Sri Lankan Journal of Agricultural Economics , Vol. 8, 2006 pp.1-20","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":29699981,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2140539047","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4038\/SJAE.V8I0.1826","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Different automatic (also called universal or black-box) methods have been suggested to sample from univariate log-concave distributions. Our new automatic algorithm for bivariate log-concave distributions is based on the method of transformed density rejection. In order to construct a hat function for a rejection algorithm the bivariate density is transformed by the logarithm into a concave function. Then it is possible to construct a dominating function by taking the minimum of several tangent planes, which are by exponentiation transformed back into the original scale. The choice of the points of contact is automated using adaptive rejection sampling. This means that points that are rejected by the rejection algorithm can be used as additional points of contact. The article describes the details how this main idea can be used to construct Algorithm ALC2D that can generate random pairs from all bivariate log-concave distributions with known domain, computable density, and computable partial derivatives.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":11370976,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2003186335","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/347837.347908","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Earth Observation (EO) is becoming increasingly important in the support operations after a destructive event, as an earthquake can be. Remote sensing is proving to be very useful for identifying damage and planning support activities. Although the use of optical data because of easier visual interpretation is preferred-where possible-radar sensors can be a valuable tool for damage detection due to their extreme versatility and operability under all-weather conditions. The previous work of our research group has found a link between some selected texture measures computed on radar maps over single blocks of an urban area and the damage found in these neighborhoods. The study was conducted on 1-m resolution Spotlight images at high resolution (VHR) produced by COSMO-SkyMed, a valuable yet scarce resource. This paper reports on research aimed at probing whether and to what extent the method developed on 1-m resolution data can be transferred to more widely available, lower resolution ENVISAT ASAR data acquired in stripmap mode.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":528859,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2057898814","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JSTARS.2012.2185926","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Results of investigations of spatiotemporal relationships for electrical processes of human brain, different in their frequency bands and simultaneously recorded from a number of brain zones intracerebrally or extracerebrally are reviewed. Spatiotemporal relationships for EEG and infraslow processes are significantly different.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":26552161,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background Pole sports, such as pole dancing, are recently gaining popularity as a form of fitness, combining dance and acrobatics. Many new, recreational athletes are joining pole sports every year. According to the international pole sports federation, this emerging new sport is so popular that it could be a future olympic sport. Objective The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of injuries in recreational athletes of pole sports, who were referred to the emergency demartment of our hospital. Design This a retrospective, case-series study based on hospital records, collected between December 2015 and July 2016. Setting The study took place in the department of orthopaedic surgery, of the general hospital of karditsa, a provincial hospital in central Greece. Patients (or Participants) The study included all recreational athletes who were presented to our emergency department, due to injuries occured while performing pole dancing. 34 patients were finally included. Main Outcome Measurements The primary study outcome is the epidemiology of injuries in pole sports. Results Overall, 29.4% of patients suffered from low back and hip, strains and contusions, 20.6% suffered from knee sprains and contusions, 17.7% suffered from wrist sprains, 14.7% suffered from ankle sprains, 5.9% suffered from neck (cervical spine) strains, 5.9% suffered from concussion, 1 patient (2.9%) presented with a sizable disc herniation and 1 patient (2.9%) presented with a fracture of the fifth metatarsal bone. Conclusions As pole sposts become more and more popular every year, injuries occuring during performance of this demanding activity are increasing. Sprains, strains, and contusions are the most frequent but more severe injuries such as concussions and fractures are also present due to falls from the pole. Studies with bigger samples are required in order to define the epidemiology of injuries in this new, emerging sport.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":80130558,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2617281509","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-097372.201","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Opening a telephone conversation is essential in a non face-to-face interaction especially when it happens between different sex. Many linguists believe that both sexes interact with different strategies. This study analyzed the different opening types, patterns, and length of telephone conversations performed by Indonesian male and female subjects. The data were obtained through recording the subjects while they were talking on the telephone. Then, the data were analyzed by dividing it into four categories and by comparing the categories based on the opening patterns. The finding shows that the opening types and patterns of telephone conversations were more various in mixed-sex conversations. In the length of sequence, the same-sex subjects performed short conversations by using small numbers and frequency of turns. On the other hand, the mixed sex performed longer conversations to open a telephone call.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":107605713,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"77104731","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Pippin treats Nietzsche's moral psychology as the key to his philosophy. Three aspects of the psychology are meant to bear this weight: (1) a critical and deflationary, but irreducibly hermeneutic, conception of the nature of moral psychology itself; (2) a thesis that eros is central to Nietzsche's theory of valuing; and (3) an expressivist theory of action, which replaces the causal role of intention with an interpretive notion of expression in explaining action. Pippin's handling of all three, but especially the third, places Nietzsche's philosophy in a Hegelian light, as does his view that genuine action arises from a deep-going self-dissatisfaction. I raise doubts about whether the expressivist theory of action can be adequate to all actions and suggest that the centrality of self-dissatisfaction for Pippin stands in tension with Nietzsche's own construal of the demand for affirmation of life.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":169891636,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"225669636","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5325\/JNIETSTUD.44.2.0158","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article provides a description of the early attempts at applied social research and research driven policies and procedures used in the assessment of the employees and the consequent rewards and punishments meted out by the Ford Motor Company during the late Progressive Era. An additional aim of this paper is to show the relevance and significance of these attempts and to examine the extent to which early Ford research can inform our applied research today. In particular, this study examines the early data collection efforts by investigators of the Ford Motor Company Sociological Department. These took place in the early part of 1914 and aimed at gathering information concerning workers' habits, family situations, financial states, home conditions, and social and economic behavior. These investigations were thorough and exhaustive. The outcome of Ford's research resulted in the classification of all company workers into four main categories used to decide who would or would not qualify for the Ford profit sharing plan. An equally important part of the mission of Ford's investigators was to guide the workers to modify their behavior to secure the profit sharing portion of the salary. This was an example of the paternal capitalistic ideology that characterized Ford Motor Company labor relations during this period. We conclude that the company emerges as one of the pioneers in the collection and utilization of applied research data, for the benefit of the company and betterment of the workers.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":143053982,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1944049539","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/19367244042100201","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/scholarworks.gvsu.edu\/cgi\/viewcontent.cgi?article=1009&context=soc_articles","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For a long time, a paper by J. Douglas of 1941 has been the only contribution to the question of classifying second-order ordinary differential equations for which a non-singular multiplier matrix exists which turns the given system into an equivalent system of Euler-Lagrange equations. It was based on the Riquier-Janet theory of formal integrability of partial differential equations and limited to systems with two degrees of freedom. Quite recently, a geometrical calculus of derivations of tensor fields along projections has been developed, which in the study of second-order differential equations is primarily related to the existence of a canonically defined linear connection on a suitable bundle. It turns out that this calculus provides the right tools for closely monitoring the process of Douglas's analysis in a coordinate free way. After a survey of the integrability analysis which can be carried out this way, we briefly sketch how subcases belonging to each of the three classes in the main classification scheme of Douglas can be generalised to an arbitrary number of degrees of freedom.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":5,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":118720282,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"185607774","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a microangiopathic thrombotic disease. HUS is classified into typical, secondary, and atypical types. All types are characterized by thrombocytopenia, acute kidney impairment, and hemolysis. Infection with Shiga toxin from Escherichia coli causes typical HUS. Atypical HUS is frequently caused by abnormal complement activation via the alternative pathway because of gene mutations or autoantibodies synthesis. Secondary HUS accompanies post-transplantation, autoimmunity, cancer, etc. Endothelial cell injury initiates cells destruction stimulates procoagulant state, which activates platelet and thrombus generation, producing ischemic tissue injury. \nHUS pathogenesis is the result of an ineffective complement activation cycle that causes endothelial cells damage, activating platelet and thrombus formation. In some atypical HUS cases, interrupting the pathogenesis cycle of HUS by inhibiting complement activation might be beneficial, but not in those with gene mutations and patients with typical or secondary HUS. Hence, the pathogenesis of HUS types understanding is required; therefore, a comprehensive review of the differences and resemblances between the HUS types will be discussed and updated.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":253657539,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.32677\/yjm.v1i1.3346","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/mansapublishers.com\/index.php\/yjm\/article\/download\/3346\/2647","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We propose a new stochastic gradient method for optimizing the sum of a nite set of smooth functions, where the sum is strongly convex. While standard stochastic gradient methods converge at sublinear rates for this problem, the proposed method incorporates a memory of previous gradient values in order to achieve a linear convergence rate. In a machine learning context, numerical experiments indicate that the new algorithm can dramatically outperform standard algorithms, both in terms of optimizing the training objective and reducing the testing objective quickly.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2017-13":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":18343087,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1211887257","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1202.6258"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This book introduces a methodology for the construction of a comprehensive narrative description and narrative-based theory from the study of multiple populations. The book has two parallel foci. On the one hand, it is a conceptual treatise, focusing on the principles of the Multiple Case Narrative. On the other hand, it also has a practical \"how-to\" focus with a step-by-step guide to conducting a Multiple Case Narrative. The book is accessible and comprehensive and addresses both those in the field as well as those with little background in the methodologies of narrative study and qualitative research.This book is also relevant to those who are interested in other qualitative varieties like single and collective narrative inquiry, single and collective case study, as well as ethnography, because each of the procedures and techniques described here can be easily utilized for conducting other types of qualitative research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":142201816,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"616656237","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1075\/sin.7","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Bhutan is a small Buddhist country nested in the cradles of the eastern Himalayas. It has rugged mountainous terrains with altitudes ranging from 500 masl in its southern plains to 4500masl in the snowy capped mountains in north. This rugged mountainous topography blessed Bhutan with huge hydropower potential. The hydropower potential of Bhutan is estimated at 30000MW with projects above 10MW capacity as per the power system master plan. This is one of the highest in the world considering its small size. In absence of other valuable natural resources, hydropower has become the main national resources in the country. Out of huge potential, Bhutan today has 1488MW of installed hydropower project under generation illuminating about 90% of all houses in the country and feeding power to its developing industries. Because of its small size and even smaller population, the internal electricity consumption of Bhutan is small roughly 30% of its present generation. The balance power is exported to India generating the most needed revenue for the economic development of the country. Bhutan plan to construct 10000MW of hydropower projects within year 2020 among which some mega projects are already under construction. Bhutan being located in the tectonically active Himalayan geological formation faces lots of geological challenges in tunneling works. The Himalayan geology intruded by numerous geological discontinuities, and frequented by the tectonic activities poses lots of challenges for tunneling works. The Himalayan geology is very complex and rock mass properties changes greatly within small distances. The engineering geological investigation for an underground work is very important. Detailed investigation is important during the prefeasibility and feasibility study stage of the project. But the availability of funds and time are the constraining factor in performing detailed engineering geological investigations. Balance need to be made to cover most important geotechnical studies within the availability time and fund to get a reliable design. Punatsangchu II hydropower project is a runoff river scheme project being constructed along this river basin in central western part of Bhutan. In this thesis, the engineering geological study of the HRT was carried out with an aim to carry out stability assessment and support requirement for HRT. The engineering properties of the rock mass along the HRT are reviewed from the stability aspect with discussion on orientation of main foliation, joints and weakness zones with the tunnel alignment. An alternate alignment is proposed, optimizing on orientation of main foliation, shear zones and main jointing with the tunnel alignment, restricting the exercise within the same limits of the start and end point of the HRT as given in designed layout. It has been found that the topography along the HRT permits very limited alternatives for the tunnel alignment layout and the location of construction adits. The main foliation and joint orientations were taken care for the tunnel alignment. However, there are some rooms for optimization within the same limits, if taken care of could bring better benefit to the project. This possible optimization was used in the proposed alternate alignment. The rock mass characteristics and possible instability problems along the HRT alignment were also reviewed in stability study. There are very less possibility of squeezing problems along the tunnel alignment but minor instability problems could not be fully ruled out due to the low rock mass strength. With the tunnel alignment crossing two nalas, some minor seepage problems were also expected at those nala crossing areas. Possible solutions for instability and seepage problems were also recommended in the relevant cases. The NGIs Q method and Bieniawskis RMR methods were used for the rock mass classification and the support design thereof. The designed rock supports are cross checked with the standards NGIs support chart and Bieniawskis RMR guide charts. It is found that a typical conservative support approach practiced in the Indian sub continent is followed for the support system. The supports designed were on much conservative side compared with support requirement from Q support charts. Finally the supports were further checked by using Phase2 numerical modeling. The result of the numerical analysis suggests lighter supports compared with the designed support for the HRT. The adoption of the conservative methods may keep the instability problems at bay, but the cost affect can be on the higher especially when the projects suffer from fund availability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":126767202,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"212896891","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Oxide dispersion strengthening (ODS) steels have been considered to be very promising for fuel clad materials for high burn-up operation of light water reactor and super critical water reactor. For improving the corrosion resistance, increasing chromium concentration, which often resulted in degradation of mechanical properties and thermal embrittlement, has been required. In this work, the effects of aluminum addition on the mechanical properties of high chromium ODS steels have been investigated. Various ODS steels which have 14 \u223c 22 wt% Cr concentrations were made by mechanical alloying method. In order to evaluate the mechanical properties and the effect of thermal aging, a miniaturized Charpy V notch test and tensile test were performed before and after aging. 1) The addition of Al resulted in the decrease in anisotropy of tensile properties, although it reduced the tensile stress. 2) The impact properties of 19Cr-ODS steel are improved by the addition of Al.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":221218840,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2017953827","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1520\/JAI12371","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In developing countries, informal firms account for up to about half of all economic activity. Using data from World Bank firm-level surveys, we find that informal firms are small and extremely unproductive compared with even the small formal firms in the sample, and especially relative to the larger formal firms. Formal firms are run by much better educated managers than informal ones and use more capital, have different customers, market their products, and use more external finance. Few formal firms have ever operated informally. This evidence supports the dual economy (\"Wal-Mart\") theory of development, in which growth comes about from the creation of highly productive formal firms. Informal firms keep millions of people alive but disappear as the economy develops.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":154737461,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2133309118","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1353\/ECA.0.0016","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Unlike intrinsically conductive organic polymers, which are central to organic electronics\/photovoltaics, metallopolymers contain multiple redox\u2010active centers allowing extra control of their intriguing properties. Ferrocene polymers are particularly attractive in this regard, but research of the iconic poly(1,1\u2032\u2010ferrocenylene), a main\u2010chain ferrocene polymer with the most densely bound redox\u2010active iron centers, has practically stopped because it is an insoluble and rather inhomogeneous material. Herein, its synthesis on the Ag(111) surface is reported, based on the Ullmann coupling of 1\u2032,1\u2033\u2032\u2010diiodo\u20101,1\u2033\u2010biferrocene. Conformationally flexible single\u2010chain nanowires up to 50 nm in length, thus overcoming the limits of conventional solution polymerization, are characterized by scanning probe microscopy techniques achieving atomic resolution. Single\u2010chain electrical conductivity measurements are performed in the longitudinal directions revealing apparent metal\u2010to\u2010semiconductor transition (depending on the number of ferrocene units lifted from the surface). A simple transport model is established to rationalize this observation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":228989820,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3096334015","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.202006391","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This is a supplement to the \"Aphididae of Puerto Rico.\" (12) The key to the \"Aphididae of Puerto Rico\" has been revised. A new Field Key to the Apterous Aphididae of Puerto Rico is also included, with a photograph of each species. Five additional species are recorded: Capitophorus hippophaes javanicus H. R. L., Macrosiphum rosae L., Picturaphis puertoricensis Smith, Rhopalosiphum padi L., and Tetraneura nigriabdominalis (Sasaki), bringing the total known species of aphids from Puerto Rico to 51. Macrosiphum mesosphaeri Tissot is listed as a new synonym of Macrosiphum (Sitobion) salviae Bartholomew.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":196674591,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2952823580","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.46429\/JAUPR.V55I2.11050","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To describe the characteristic of Crohn's disease (CD) patients undergoing ileocecal resection, and to analyze the long-term outcomes following surgery.\n \n \n \n A retrospective study on patients undergoing ileocecal resection without any from residual disease in the remnant intestine from July 2011 to March 2020 was conducted. The clinical data and the following outcomes were evaluated.\n \n \n \n Among 86 CD patients, the mean disease duration was 33.4 months, 40 patients had perianal fistula. 53 patients underwent surgery due to stricture, 26 was perforation, and 7 was failure of medical therapy. 27 (31.4%) patients suffered postoperative complications. Mean follow-up was 44.4 months, 47 (54.7%) patients had an endoscopic recurrence with 9 were non-anastomotic recurrence, 20 were anastomotic recurrence, and 18 were both anastomotic and non-anastomotic recurrence, and 4 patients had a surgical recurrence. Furthermore, 41 (47.7%) had postoperative prophylaxis with 22 (25.6%) azathioprine and 17 (19.8%) infliximab. 45 (52.3%) patients were without postoperative prophylaxis, 19 (42.2%) had an endoscopic recurrence, and 26 (57.8%) had none endoscopic recurrence. The penetrating disease and lower skeletal muscle index were independent risk factors for endoscopic recurrence.\n \n \n \n CD patients with penetrating disease or lower skeletal muscle index were suggested to have earlier postoperative prophylaxis after ileocecal resection without any from residual disease in the remnant intestine.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":236346645,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3172612299","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/ECCO-JCC\/JJAB076.678","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In spite of their ubiquitous applications, the characterization of glass fibers by means of all-optical techniques is still facing some limitations. Recently, X-ray absorption has been proposed as a method for visualizing the inner structure of both standard and microstructure optical fibers. Here, we exploit X-ray absorption as nondestructive technique for the characterization of optical glass fibers. Starting from absorption contrast X-ray computed micro-tomography measurements, we obtain information about the spatial profile of the fiber refractive index at optical frequencies. We confirm the validity of our approach by comparing its results with complementary characterization techniques, based on electron spectroscopy or multiphoton microscopy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":250088903,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1364\/ome.458951","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2206.13806"},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1364\/ome.458951","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Is mindfulness research going forward by looking backward? More traditionally orientedBuddhist psychology constructs is finding its way in the ongoing challenge to better understand,define and operationalize mindfulness. No previous studies have empirically tested BPM. Themodel's conceptual framework suggest that by engaging in meditative practice, the practitionergains an accepting quality of awareness, insight and improved regulation of attentionalresources. This, coupled with an ethically kind and loving predisposition, leads to lessattachment and aversion to emotional content, resulting in reduced rumination and increasedpsychological well-being and symptom reduction. A quantitative, cross sectional approach wasused to investigate the mechanisms of change constituting the mindfulness process. A total of127 participants, divided into 2 groups, meditators and non-meditators, answered aquestionnaire designed to assess the components of the BPM. From the correlational dataanalysis, significant support was found for the majority of the mindfulness mechanisms.Mindfulness practice was found to be related to higher levels of psychological well-being, lessrumination and less attachment and aversion to emotional content between groups. Meditatorswas also found to be more accepting and displayed better and more adaptive regulation of theirattention, something that didn't extend to ethical component of the model, where no differenceswere observed. This study concludes that mindfulness practice is related to many positive,adaptive and advantageous areas of human functioning. The BPM shows promise, but many ofthe Buddhist inspired concepts still lacks cultural and social equivalences to be truly descriptiveof mindfulness in a westernized environment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":142220532,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"573538900","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper the feedback stabilisation of a boiling-based cooling scheme is discussed. Application of such cooling schemes in practical setups is greatly limited by the formation of a thermally insulating vapour film on the to-be-cooled device, called burn-out. In this study a first step is made, to check the viability of such cooling systems, already used in high performance electronics, applied to Electric Vehicles (EVs). It can be used for instance for the cooling of high heat flux transistors and for the thermal homogenisation of battery packs. Thereto, the unstable transition to burn-out is stabilised by controlling the pressure inside the boiling chamber, with which boiling (and thus creation of the thermally insulating vapour film) can be stimulated or suppressed. The feedback law used to do this is based on the dominant modes of the temperature field of the thermally conducting element, i.e. the heater, between the device and the boiling liquid. As not all states used in this feedback law can be measured, an observer or \"state-estimator\" must be implemented in the control strategy. The observer is a copy of the nonlinear boiling model with an additional term to assure convergence of observer to system state. Simulations are performed to demonstrate controller efficiency on the nonlinear cooling device. This puts forth the boiling-based cooling scheme as viable for application in EVs, enabling increased cooling and thermal-homogenisation capacities compared to conventional thermal management methods. The nextstep should be experiments to proof the principle on battery cells\/packs and high heat flux transistors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":109465239,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1923141607","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Primary and secondary data from the Bauchi abattoir were utilized to determine the relative contributions of different livestock species to meat supply in Bauchi Metropolis. Daily livestock slaughter figures for five months (June \u2013 October 2011) indicated that more goats (64.0) were slaughtered than either sheep (47.3) or cattle (41.30) each day (P<0.001) and fewer (P<0.05) animals (45.65) were slaughtered daily in June than either in August (57.07) or October (55.95). Five year (2006 \u2013 2010) monthly slaughter records indicated that both species and year had significant (P<0.001) effects on number of animals slaughtered. More goats (2727.8) were slaughtered than either sheep (731.09) or cattle (520.06) each month and more animals were slaughtered in 2006 (1847.72\/month) than in 2008, 2009 and 2010 (997.67, 1029.13 and 1273.75\/month respectively). In terms of total carcass output, cattle accounted for 61-80% of the meat supply obtained from ruminant animals slaughtered at the Bauchi abattoir. Keywords\u2014Carcass Output, Livestock Slaughter Figures, Meat Supply, Ruminant Animals.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":37993753,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1410331334","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nigeria with a generating potential of roughly 12,522 MW only supplies less than 20% of the national demand. This necessitates an optimal use of the Jebba Hydroelectric Power Plant whose optimal generation depends on the operating head. This paper presents the solution to an optimal control problem involving the operating head of the plant. An optimal control problem consisting of a model of the system dynamics, performance index and system constraints was solved using a dynamic programming approach. The control procedure was built on the integration of the nonlinear dynamical model by an Adams-Moulton technique with Adams-Bashfort as predator and Runge-Kutta as a starter. The numerical solution, coupled with dynamic programming was employed in developing an optimal control procedure for the regulation of the operating head. Result presented shows the potential of the control procedure in determining the amount of inflow required to restore the operating head to a nominal level whenever there is a disturbance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":204087176,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2976434827","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.18495\/COMENGAPP.V8I3.315","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Continuous circuit and wire miniaturization increasingly exert more pressure on the computer designers to address the issue of reliable operation in the presence of faults. Virtually all previous work on processor reliability addresses problems due to faults in architectural structures, such as the register file or caches. However, faults can happen in non-architectural resources, such as predictors and replacement bits. Although non-architectural faults do not affect correctness they can degrade a processor performance significantly and, therefore, may render them as important to deal with as architectural faults. This paper quantifies the performance implications of faults in a line-predictor, and shows that performance can drop significantly when the line-predictor has faulty entries. In particular, a simulation based worst-case analysis of a high-end processor that experiences faults in 1% of the entries in the line-predictor, revealed an average performance degradation of 8% and up to 26%. For solutions we point at no bit-interleaving as a more fault-tolerant design style for prediction arrays and to a hardware protection scheme based on address-remapping. This scheme is able to recover most of the performance loss when up to 5% of the line-predictor entries are faulty and when no faults exist it does not degrade performance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":18332906,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2336938883","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A simple, novel assay for pathogen diagnosis was implemented on a new integrated microfluidic system using a nanogold modified DNA probe and vancomycin conjugated magnetic beads. The developed microfluidic device was fabricated by microfluidic technology and composed of many micro-modules. The pneumatically-driven, suction-type micropump, microvalves, microchannels and loading chambers were integrated on a single chip to automate the entire diagnosis process. The bacteria were captured by vancomycin conjugated magnetic beads and hybridized with specific nanogold probe. The diagnostic results were determined simply with color change of nanogold by visually bare-eye observation and may be detected optically if necessary. The whole analytic processes only need 25 min from sample and reagent added to results obtained. The developed platform may provide a promising tool for fast diagnosis of bacterial infections.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-20":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":12234761,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the past ten to 15 years, pollution and the possibility of resultant climate change have been recognized as a global dilemma. International environmental directives, however, cannot be effective in reaching their goals if they are created by only a small group of key players; a world coalition is necessary if the reduction of pollutants is to be realized. The Montreal Protocol of 1987 represented the first truly international cooperative effort to solve a global environmental problem -- the degradation of the ozone layer. Its effectiveness is widely celebrated as the first major triumph in international environmental policy. Initially set up by a small coalition of developed countries; the group then expanded in later amendments. The issue of ozone depletion was addressed, but countries were not subject to any compliance monitoring agency. This leniency partly explains why the coalition expanded to include new members without causing much friction -- but also without bringing many results. The 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro again saw widespread international agreement on the need to regulate potential environmental problems; 166 countries signed an agreement to adopt measures to limit climate change. However, only the developed nations actually pledged to meet a non-binding target by reducing their emissions of greenhouse gases by the year 2000. Some participant nations, including the United States, are failing to meet their goals, partly because of the non-binding nature of the agreement. However, the most significant failure of the agreement was the effective exclusion of developing countries. Including only developed countries implied that the future inclusion of developing nations was not significant. The result was an informal schism between the two groups that created an \"us and them\" mentality, hampering later attempts to initiate international environmental policy. The 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change produced the first legally binding document on the issue. Its signatories included both developed and developing nations. The details of the agreement, however, were left for later conferences. Thus, even though an effective coalition was established, no goals for common action were set. It remained for later conferences to commit to any real reductions and to hold the tenuous collection of countries together. The lesson from the convention was that detailed targets need to be set during negotiations because coalitions without specific purposes tend to disperse. The United Nations Conference on Climate Change, which took place during the first ten days of December 1997, represents the most recent attempt at the international regulation of pollutants. The conference's goal was to adopt the first legally binding measure in which target figures were established to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases after 2000, when the Rio agreement expires. More than 150 countries were represented, but the division in position between developed and developing countries was marked. There are valid economic and developmental reasons for the schism: countries at different stages in their development have traditionally had different emissions levels. This relationship is described by the Kuznets curve, a downward parabola giving emissions as a function of the development stage. The curve illustrates that the least developed countries emit low levels of pollutants simply because they have less industry. Developing countries pollute more as they build factories but do not yet have the most technologically advanced, environmentally sound pollution control devices. The Kuznets curve also shows that highly industrialized countries are again on the low side of pollution emissions; they have switched over to more efficient, expensive, and environment-friendly equipment. \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":230257526,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"272543205","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"23-26 CHEST AND HEART ASSOCIATION. World Asthma Conference. Congress Theatre, Eastbourne, Sussex. 24 INSTITUTE OF SEWAGE PURIFICATION, Midland Branch. Analysis of Sewage and Trade Effluents. Dr. S. H. Jenkins. 24 SOCIETY OF CHEMICAL INDUSTRY. Joint Meeting with Food and Oils and Fats Groups. Food Industrial Developments in Oilseed Proteins and Allied Products. Dr. G. D. Rosen. 14 Belgrave Square, London, S.W.I. 6.15 p.m. 26-27 ASSOCIATION OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICAL OFFICERS. Spring Meeting. London. 29-30 BIOLOGICAL COUNCIL. Symposium. Embryopathic Activity of Drugs. London. 29-2 April UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE. Course. River Pollution. Department of Civil Engineering, Claremont Road, Newcastle-upon-Tyne.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":221044138,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/146642406508500132","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Vector control plays a key role in prevention and control of major vector-borne diseases and often constitutes the first line of activity in case of epidemics of vector-borne diseases, and particularly, malaria. Chemical control (use of pesticides) is still the most important element in the integrated approach to vector control. But they are non-selective and harmful to other beneficial organisms. Some of the insecticides are carcinogenic agents and are positively dangerous and even carried through the food chain which in turn affects the non-target organism. In view of the above, the uses of biologically-active plant materials with anti-mosquitocidal properties and ecofriendly-biopesticides are attracted in recent years, because of their biodegradable nature and being relatively safer to human and other non-target organism in the environment. The present paper is to investigate on the larvicidal, pupicidal, smoke repellency effect of neem products against malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi. Six neem limonoids (purity>99%), namely azadiractin, salannin, deacetylgedunin, gedunin, 17-hydroxyazadiradione and deacetylnimbin were sent from Central Research Laboratories, Taiyo Kagaku Co Ltd., Japan. Larvicidal bioassays were conducted at the laboratory with neem limonoids the lethal concentrations (LC50, LC90) were worked out by Abottts' formula. Repellency bioassay was done by human volunteers by using neem oil which was procured from the Local Neem Oil Mill, Kalverrampalayam, Coimbatore-641 046, India. Smoke toxicity was performed on the adult female mosquitoes at the laboratory by using neem seed kernel power and it was collected from the Bharathiar University Campus, Coimbaotore-641 046, India. The neem products also had significant larvicidal activity. The larval mortality was dose dependant. The LC50 and LC90values of Azadirachtin treatment at 0.50, 1.0 and 1.5 ppm concentrations was 0.299% and 1.061%, respectively. After treatment of neem oil at 0.50, 1.0 and 1.5 ppm concentrations were 0.503 and 1.324, respectively. After the treatment of salanin, 17-Hydroxyazadiradione, Deacetyl gedunin, Gedunin and Dacetyl nimbin the LC50 and LC90 values were increased when compare to Azadirachtin. There was significant repellent activity after the treatment of neem products at three different concentrations (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6). Neem oil had higher repellent activity (<300 minutes at 0.6 concentration), followed by Gedunin which showed less activity (<200 minutes at 0.6 concentration). However, the ethanol applied arm served as control which provided maximum 7.0 minutes repellency. The leaves and pods were also tested smoke repellency bioassay. Smoke emerged from the leaves and pods greater knock down effect were evident and percentage of repellency on leaf 59%, pod 53% and with commercial coil as positive control which showed 65% repellency. Moreover, smoke exposed larvae laid minimum number of eggs and hatchability also affected. From this study it has been concluded that based on the larvicidal, smoke repellent properties neem products showed mosquitocidal properties. Hence, it can be concluded that neem as effective biopesticides for the Integrated Vector Control Program. Moreover, neem is indigenous, medicinal importance and much of social relevance to people and traditional knowledge of our country.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":55146213,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2603302501","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The year's highlights include molecular and functional insights into innate immunity, host-microbe interactions, and cell death and new techniques to study cell signaling. The 2014 breakthroughs fell into four main areas: innate immunity, host-microbe interactions, cell death signaling, and methodological advances in the study of cell signaling. Nominations included new discoveries about signaling in innate immune cells, innate immune functions for lymphoid and nonhematological cells, and the importance of host-microbe interactions for the regulation of host physiology. Also this year, we received nominations highlighting molecular mechanisms by which p53 contributes to the pathology of chronic inflammation and how signaling pathways mediate programmed necrotic cell death. Finally, 2014 saw the use of new techniques to study cell signaling and identify drug targets, such as the in vivo use of RNA interference to study signaling in T cells and new computational methods to study large datasets of different data types.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":11080391,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1987708561","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aaa4696","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"PURPOSE\nThis study evaluated face, content, construct validity, and reliability of Thiel embalmed cadavers (TEC) as a training tool for transperitoneal laparoscopic nephrectomy (TLN).\n\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS\nThe study participants were prospectively recruited through an advanced laparoscopic renal resection teaching skill course. The participants were grouped into: nonexperts (performed fewer than 50 TLNs) and experts (performed more than 50 TLNs). All the participants performed TLN on TEC, which was video recorded. All participants rated their overall experience of performing TLN on TEC with emphasis on realism (face validity). The participants were asked to rate the appropriateness of TEC for training in TLN (content training). Two experienced laparoscopic surgeons, using validated modified Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills, assessed the individual videos. The parameters studied were: Respect for tissues, time and motion, and instrument handling for each step of laparoscopic nephrectomy (LN) (construct validity). Test-retest and interrater reliability was also evaluated.\n\n\nRESULTS\nTwenty-four participants (4 experts and 20 nonexperts) took part in this study. The mean overall rating for the experience of TLN on TEC was 4.5 (Face Validity). The mean score for the appropriateness of TEC as a training tool for TLN was 4.6 (content validity) when evaluated by the four experts. The mean scores for the nonexperts and experts using video recordings for various variables were: Respect for tissue-1.74 (standard deviation [SD]-0.62) vs 3.63 (SD-1.06), (P<0.01), time and motion-1.74 (SD-0.58) vs 4 (SD-0.76), (P<0.01), and instrument handling-1.84 (SD-0.61) vs 4.25 (SD-0.71), (P<0.01) (construct validity). The study also suggested test-retest and interrater reliability.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThis study suggests face, content, and constructs validity and reliability of the TEC as a training tool for TLN.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":8373131,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1488207776","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1089\/end.2014.0719","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Creating \"immune-privileged\" pockets where a new heart, liver, or kidney graft would be safe from immunologic rejection has long been a transplant biologist's dream. Now researchers have devised a way to do that by genetically engineering muscle cells to produce a key ingredient of immune privilege: a protein known as the Fas ligand, or FasL, that can induce immune cells to kill themselves. On page 109, they report using engineered muscle cells to protect transplants of islet cells, the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas, in diabetic mice\u2014a feat that could lead to a treatment for some human diabetics and perhaps to a general strategy for guarding transplants against rejection.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":7152198,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1681156475","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1126\/SCIENCE.273.5271.33","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"AIMS\nThe aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in IOL position (axial shift, tilt and decentration) in the capsular bag after Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy and to create a user-friendly software that is optimized for the output of available imaging technology, then verify the relationship between the biometric parameters of the eye and the extent of changes in the IOL position.\n\n\nPATIENTS AND METHODS\nThe study included 35 artephakic eyes that underwent laser capsulotomy. Before and at least one hour after capsulotomy, all patients underwent the following assessments: optical biometry (Lenstar LS900), OCT with anterior segment module (Optovue Avanti) and IOL photography in infrared mode using reference unit (Verion). The original software solution was designed for the graphical evaluation of the differences between centering, axial displacement and tilt of IOL. Changes in IOL position were evaluated as simple differences before and after the laser procedure and as differences in absolute values (abs).\n\n\nRESULTS\nThe following results show the average differences in IOL position: ACD=0.02\u00b10.23 mm (abs=0.11\u00b10.20 mm), IOL decentration in x-axis = -0.001\u00b10.091 mm (abs=0.065\u00b10.063 mm), IOL decentration in y-axis =0.012\u00b10.119 mm (abs=0.048\u00b10.53 mm), tilt in horizontal plane TILT-H=0.11\u00b10.83\u00b0 (abs=0.51\u00b10.66\u00b0) and tilt in vertical plane TILT-V = -0.14\u00b10.49\u00b0 (abs=0.26\u00b10.44\u00b0). All changes were insignificant (P>>0.05). In total, 74.29% of IOLs showed a hypermetropic shift. A moderate positive correlation was found between the absolute differences in horizontal tilt and keratometry (r=0.45). Relationship with other changes and parameters were weak.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nIn conclusion, the use of the original software solution developed by the authors showed that changes in IOL centering, axial displacement and tilt occur after Nd:YAG capsulotomy, but average differences were insignificant. In almost 3\/4 cases, there was a hypermetropic axial displacement of the IOL.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":232245104,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2021.014","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"http:\/\/biomed.papers.upol.cz\/doi\/10.5507\/bp.2021.014.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"On the twentieth anniversary of the Sex Discrimination Act (SDA), Elizabeth Evatt stated that Australia was 'falling short on women's rights'. Earlier in her UN role, she had said: 'Ultimately we have to be judged not by our highest ambitions and achievements, but by our ability to raise from the lowest level those whose needs...are greatest. That is the way I would like Australia, and every other country, to be judged in the United Nations.' This chapter reviews progress in Australia in the past five years according to Evatt's criteria, and celebrates the role of Australians in creating multilevel strategies to 'raise up' Australian women by improving their lives and realise their rights. The issues are analysed through a biographical lens. I examine the crucial role of Evatt, Andrew Byrnes, Jane Connors and Helen L'Orange (in the development of the UN Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Violence Against Women). The argument is that domestic reform and engagement with the UN system can be a mutually enriching experience, although the Australian women's movement has not always been effective in joining together international and domestic expertise and debates.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":150829212,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"71422175","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22459\/sdut.09.2010.12","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22459\/sdut.09.2010.12","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In November 2018 the Harvard Medical School \"Career Advancement and Leadership Skills for Women in Healthcare\" Continuing Medical Education (CME) will invest in the #BeEthical strategic initiative with the aim of ending workforce disparities as an ethical imperative. The 2002 Institute of Medicine Report, \"Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Healthcare,\" was a ground-breaking research study identifying undeniable disparity in care provided to patients based on race and ethnicity. This report recommended increasing the proportion of underrepresented minorities in the healthcare workforce as a strategy to improve health outcomes for diverse patients. In 2011 the American Hospital Association (AHA) took this recommendation a step further with the Equity of Care campaign, enlisting healthcare organizations to pledge to act to improve care provided to diverse patients and increasing diversity in the healthcare executive suite leadership. The Institute for Diversity in Health Management commissioned the AHA's Health Research and Educational Trust to conduct a national survey of U.S. hospitals to quantify the measures they have taken. The results of \"Diversity and Disparities: A Benchmarking Study of U.S. Hospitals\" have been disappointing. Results demonstrated a decrease in minorities in executive healthcare leadership to 11% in 2015, which was down from the 12% reported in 2013 and 2011. For decades the healthcare executive suite has remained 86% white male. Therefore, it is important to take a new approach and call for leaders to make workforce gender equity an ethical imperative by promoting accomplished women and minorities to the executive suite.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":159339179,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2912625898","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Fibrin deposition is a common accompaniment of renal allograft rejection, indicating disruption of the normal physiologic balance between procoagulant and anticoagulant pathways. In vitro, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) induces endothelial expression of the procoagulant, tissue factor, and downregulation of thrombomodulin, a key component of the thrombomodulin\/protein C (PC)\/protein S (PS) pathway, which normally maintains an anticoagulant state by inactivating thrombin, preventing further thrombin formation by degrading factors Va and VIIIa, and decreasing plasminogen activator inhibitor activity. Raised levels of TNF were recently demonstrated within the blood of patients during episodes of renal allograft injection, and may be an early and discriminatory marker of rejection. This led us to investigate prospectively whether monitoring of serum TNF levels was of value clinically, and was associated with effects on circulating PC and PS levels, or alterations in intragraft thrombomodulin expression. Plasma samples (n = 454) were collected three times\/week from all patients (n = 25) undergoing renal transplantation during a 9-month consecutive period, and assayed by ELISA and functional assays for TNF, PC, and free PS (FPS). Portions of renal biopsies, taken to evaluate episodes of acute deterioration of renal function, were evaluated by immunoperoxidase labeling for the presence and distribution of TNF, thrombomodulin, PC, PS, thrombin, fibrin, and factors V and VIII. Comparison of 78 plasma samples collected during 26 episodes of biopsy-proven acute cellular rejection with samples collected during periods of stable renal function (n = 349) showed that TNF levels rose significantly (390 +\/- 242 pg\/ml, p less than 0.01) above background levels 3 days before rising serum creatinine concentrations, and peaked (2,426 +\/- 978 pg\/ml) on the day of clinical rejection. PC-antigen (Ag) concentrations also decreased 3 days before rejection (68 +\/- 13%, p less than 0.05), and were maximally depressed (49% +\/- 16%, p less than 0.001) on the day of rejection. FPS levels were normal until the day before rejection (63% +\/- 8%, p less than 0.01) and, like PC, were maximally depressed (43 +\/- 10%) at rejection. Plasma TNF levels were significantly and inversely correlated with PC-Ag (p less than 0.001) and FPS (p less than 0.005) levels during rejection, regardless of whether such rejection episodes were steroid responsive or required OKT3 monoclonal antibody therapy. TNF, PC, and FPS levels were normal during episodes of cyclosporine toxicity and viral infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":8281166,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2170089047","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1084\/JEM.175.1.81","PubMedCentral":"2119088","ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The radial trace domain, less well-known than other transform domains, has been shown to be a particularly effective one for attenuating source-generated coherent noise on seismic data. In a closely related application, the radial domain can be used for selectively enhancing specific components of seismic wavefields. Use can also be made of the intrinsic interpolation in the transform algorithm itself to uniformly remap seismic trace gathers with irregular trace spacing, or to map the data to diagnostic domains such as the X-T domain. In yet another application, the origin of the radial domain can be used as a centre around which to rotate sea-floor reflections and their simple multiples from a sloping to a horizontal sea-floor to enhance multiple removal. Finally, a hybrid radial trace transform has been implemented to generate traces for which raypaths follow Snell's law for use in AVA (Amplitude versus Angle) studies. Shown here are examples of all the above applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":220860513,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"AIMS AND OBJECTIVE\nThe idea of partition and resolving sets plays an important role in various areas of engineering, chemistry and computer science such as robot navigation, facility location, pharmaceutical chemistry, combinatorial optimization, networking, and mastermind game.\n\n\nMETHOD\nIn a graph to obtain the exact location of a required vertex which is unique from all the vertices, several vertices are selected this is called resolving set and its generalization is called resolving partition, where selected vertices are in the form of subsets. Minimum number of partitions of the vertices into sets is called partition dimension.\n\n\nRESULTS\nIt was proved that determining the partition dimension a graph is nondeterministic polynomial time (NP) problem. In this article, we find the partition dimension of convex polytopes and provide their bounds.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nThe major contribution of this article is that, due to the complexity of computing the exact partition dimension we provides the bounds and show that all the graphs discussed in results have partition dimension either less or equals to 4, but it cannot been be greater than 4.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":227523613,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3112752317","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2174\/1386207323666201204144422","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Carbon fiber reinforced composites have all the ideal properties, leading to their rapid development and successful use for many applications over the last decade. In this paper, short carbon fiber reinforced Polytetrafluoroethylene (SCF\/PTFE) composite were prepared with melt blending and hot-pressing techniques. The mechanical properties of this composite were investigated taking into account the combined effect of mean fiber length. Finally it can be shown that an increase in fiber length can enhance the mechanical properties of CF\/PTFE composites. The fracture surface of PTFE composite was examined by SEM, to identify the topography of outside force.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137081657,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1973703634","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.311-313.193","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"La unificacion de las normas de DIPr constituye un valioso mecanismo de integracion en el seno de la Comunidad Europea, cuyo potencial resulta reforzado habida cuenta de las limitaciones de la comunitarizacion de las normas de Derecho privado material. ---- \nThe reassessment of the role assigned to private international law in the context of European integration is linked to the limitations which private law unification has in the EC. The degree of legal certainty of private transactions that is required to guarantee the good functioning of an integrated area can be achieved by the establishment of uniform choice-of-law rules, with no need of substantive law unification. Such an approach is fully consistent with the basic principles of the Community -arts. 3.h) and 3(B) EC Treaty-. Moreover it safeguards the cultural identity of the Member States and ensures the benefits of competition between legal orders. Notwithstanding the deficiencies of choice-of-law rules as instruments of legal integration, the similarities between the legal orders considered reduce in the Community the shortcomings traditionally linked to the international unification of choice-of -law rules. Although the rules contained in international conventions continue to be very significant, the criteria established in some directives to fix the applicability of its rules to private international relationships deserve special attention. Moreover, Spanish practice shows the uncertainty risks which are linked to the use of directives as a means to harmonize rules of private international law. In this field the trend in the Community must lead to unification (not just harmonization). Otherwise the achievement of the degree of legal certainty required will be at risk. Far reaching consequences on the contents and functioning of the systems of private international law of the Member States derive from the non-discrimination principle and especially from the Community freedoms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1}},"corpusid":141221694,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"37968373","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nd isotopic data were collected on Precambrian crystalline rocks exposed in northern, eastern, and southern Mexico, as well as from lower crustal xenoliths from central Mexico, in order to constrain the age and character of the Mexican basement. The data indicate that basement belonging to the Grenville (1.0 Ga) tectonothermal event extends from Los Filtros, in Chihuahua, northern Mexico, to Oaxaca, in southern Mexico. These rocks all have average Nd crustal residence times (TDM ages) in the range 1.60 to 1.35 Ga. We infer that this results from mixing average 1.9 Ga or older recycled continental crust with 70% to 90% newly derived mantle-crustal material during the Grenville orogeny. To the west of the Precambrian, the basement contains large amounts of Phanerozoic (probably Paleozoic) crust, identified from lower crustal xenoliths with TDM ages less than 1.0 Ga. The crust represented by these xenoliths may have been emplaced as suspect terranes in Mesozoic Cordilleran events. Alternatively, the apparent Paleozoic crust that underlies parts of central Mexico may connect to the Paleozoic metamorphic Acatlan complex in southern Mexico, and together they would constitute a continuation of the Appalachian-Caledonian orogenic belt through Mexico. Our data do not preclude either of these two models.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":128487655,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2015977715","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(1988)100<0274:PAPBTO>2.3.CO;2","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The melanocytic nevus is a benign and focal proliferation of nevus cells that can be congenital or acquired. Intraoral lesions are uncommon, and the etiology and pathogenesis are poorly understood. The occurrence rate of oral compound nevus is about 5.9% to 16.5% of all oral melanocytic nevi. A 22-year-old male patient presented with a dark brown macule on the buccal mucosa of the maxilla in the region of tooth 26. The lesion was elliptical, 0.7 x 0.5 cm, well circumscribed, asymptomatic, and the evolution time was unknown. An excisional biopsy was performed and microscopic analysis revealed nests of nevus cells in the epithelium and underlying connective tissue that were compatible with melanocytic compound nevus. Owing to the clinical similarity between oral melanocytic nevus and oral melanoma, a histopathological analysis is mandatory for definitive diagnosis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":79982019,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2765858782","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In Western democratic society, urban public space has always been dominated by theMainstream user. The Marginalised, to being periodically shifted from one area to another through prevailing processes that gentrify and regulate space. These habitual processes directly and indirectly manage civic space eroding particular character evolved fromMarginalised occupation and expression, and in doing so, urban space caters to the needs and wants of the Mainstream.\nThis project investigates such a situation yet with such habits reversed. Through the landscape design of urban space the project asks can we design urban space to accommodate thesocio-spatial needs of the Marginalised whilst at the same time, support Mainstream users?\nThe investigation situates its research in Te Aro Park, a public urban space in Wellington Cityoccupied predominantly by the Marginalised. From the homeless to the eccentric, the drugaddict to the gang member, the space is often a considered a black spot avoided oruncomfortably and rapidly moved through by the Mainstream user. With a social hierarchy that has been flipped on its head the space exudes the diverse nature of Wellington with murals and public artwork that represent the Marginalised groups including local Iwi.\nThis project aims to use landscape architecture design to critically assess, seek and developpotentials for harmony of urban spaces exhibiting spatial and social conflicts betweenMarginalised and Mainstream citizens. It is an attempt through landscape architecture technique, to destabilize the binary between Mainstream and marginal, and therefore engender conditions for truly diverse urban spaces. In doing so the research discovers how designers can approach public space design problems while opposing the forces of displacement. The researchadditionally contributes an understanding of the underpinnings of trying to introduce new actors without displacement of the existing and more vulnerable actors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":240541359,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3200598202","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.26686\/wgtn.16606733.v1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/openaccess.wgtn.ac.nz\/articles\/thesis\/Movement_Through_the_Marginalised_An_Urban_Landscape_Investigation\/16606733\/1\/files\/30736388.pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Advances in miniaturization technology derived from the microelectronics industry have facilitated the miniaturization of analytical devices. The assays embedded within miniaturized analytical devices utilize a range of detection technologies including electrochemical, colorimetric, and a range of luminescence detection technologies based on fluorescence, chemiluminescence, bioluminescence, and electrochemiluminescence. This chapter reviews the basics of micro-miniature analytical devices (microchips, lab-on-a-chip or micro total analytical systems) and surveys microchip-based assays that utilize chemiluminescence, bioluminescence, and electrochemiluminescence as the detection technology.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":100818073,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2337990689","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/9781849732024-00543","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Tien et al. reported an increase in postoperative blood sugar levels after anti-emetic doses of dexamethasone were used in diabetic and non-diabetic patients [1]. The use of hetastarch was not identified as a potential confounding variable when the results were analysed. Given that hetastarch increases postoperative blood sugar levels in patients undergoing surgery [2, 3], and some patients received a significant volume of starch, could we invite the authors to re-analyse their data on blood sugar level after dexamethasone administration but taking into account the volume of hetastarch given to patients within each group?","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":3347508,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2586979534","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/anae.13826","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdfdirect\/10.1111\/anae.13826","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The syndrome of pyrexia of unknown origin (PUO) was first defined in 1961 but remains a clinical challenge for many physicians. Different subgroups with PUO have been suggested, each requiring different investigative strategies: classical, nosocomial, neutropenic and HIV-related. This could be expanded to include the elderly as a fifth group. The causes are broadly divided into four groups: infective, inflammatory, neoplastic and miscellaneous. Increasing early use of positron emission tomography\u2013computed tomography (PET-CT) and the development of new molecular and serological tests for infection have improved diagnostic capability, but up to 50% of patients still have no cause found despite adequate investigations. Reassuringly, the cohort of undiagnosed patients has a good prognosis. In this article we review the possible aetiologies of PUO and present a systematic clinical approach to investigation and management of patients, recommending potential second-line investigations when the aetiology is unclear.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":262881660,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2476447722","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/med\/9780198729228.003.0025","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background Limb asymmetries have been identified as a significant predictor of injury risk. However, the natural boundaries of variation in a non-injured population using clinically relevant and reliable measures has not been determined. Objective To assess clinical measures of limb symmetry and determine the natural boundaries of symmetry present in a non-injured population. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Controlled laboratory research. Participants 39 non-injured participants, 12 male, 27 female (23.2\u00b12.9 years, 170.2\u00b19.1\u2005cm, 68.4\u00b115.6\u2005kg). Assessment of Risk Factors Knee PROM, effusion, endfeel, knee extension, flexion, and hip abduction strength, dynamic balance, single leg hop, and IKDC Subjective rating were measured. Main Outcome Measurements In measures demonstrating excellent reliability (ICC\u22650.75, Kappa\u22650.81), limb symmetry index (LSI) and variability scores were calculated. Results All clinical measures, except hip abduction strength, demonstrated excellent reliability. Knee extension PROM was 6.0\u00b15.0\u00b0, flexion PROM was 154.0\u00b15.0\u00b0. 100% of participants had normal knee extension endfeel, and no knee effusion. 95% had normal flexion endfeel. LSI scores for each measure ranged between 96.6\u2013100.0%. Using minimal detectable change (MDC) scores for each measure, boundaries of limb symmetry were calculated for knee extension PROM (100\u00b11.0\u00b0), knee flexion PROM (100\u00b14\u00b0), knee extension strength (100\u00b121.0%), knee flexion strength (100\u00b124.0%), dynamic balance (100\u00b16.0%), single leg hop (100\u00b19.1%), and IKDC Subjective rating (100\u00b13.3%). Conclusions Most measures of limb symmetry used in the study demonstrated appropriate reliability for clinical use. Although strength measures had high degrees of limb symmetry, there was significant variability present in non-injured participants. Conversely, high levels of limb symmetry with very little variation were observed in knee PROM, dynamic balance, single leg hop, and IKDC Subjective measures. Strength may not be the best measure of limb symmetry while PROM, dynamic balance, single leg hop, and the IKDC Subjective form appear to have more utility to identify limb asymmetries.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":79587356,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2744715775","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-097372.162","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We apply machine learning to version control data to measure software development productivity. Our models measure both the quantity and quality of produced code. Quantity is defined by a model that predicts the labor hours supplied by the 'standard coder' to make any code change, and quality is defined by a model that predicts the distribution of different kinds of problems identified by a static code analysis tool.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":171086397,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The article analyses the process of friction in the needle bearing as the function of the alterations of geometrical parameters, namely the diameter of the shaft \u2013 D, the needle \u2013 d and the bearing clearance. The change in the relation between the diameters D and d results in the change of the contact area of the friction pair; in the case of two shafts with parallel axes (the needle of the bearing and the shaft pin) the contact area, if compared with the analogical process in the ball bearing, alters significantly and leads to resistance in motion. There are two types of friction in the needle bearing: the rolling friction and the sliding friction; the analysis of the movement of the bearing elements enabled the estimation of the extent to which the sliding friction matters in the overall balance of motion resistance. The article also defines the type of wear as the function of initial clearance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136864461,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2072139038","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.490.288","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The expected move towards more sustainable crop-livestock systems implies wider cultivation of perennial forage legumes. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. sativa) is the main perennial legume in most temperate regions, especially where farm systems rely largely on forage conservation. White clover (Trifolium repens) and red clover (Trifolium pratense) are dominant in specific regions and farm systems. Although breeding progress for disease and insect resistance has been achieved, these crops have shown lower rates of genetic gain for yield than major grain crops, owing to lower breeding investment, longer selection cycles, impossibility to capitalize on harvest index, outbreeding mating systems associated with severe inbreeding depression, and high interaction of genotypes with cropping conditions and crop utilizations. Increasing yield, persistence, adaptation to stressful conditions (drought; salinity; grazing) and compatibility with companion grasses are major breeding targets. We expect genetic gain for yield and other complex traits to accelerate due to progress in genetic resource utilization, genomics resource development, integration of marker-assisted selection with breeding strategies, and trait engineering. The richness in adaptive genes of landraces and natural populations can be fully exploited through an ecological understanding of plant adaptive responses and improved breeding strategies. Useful genetic variation from secondary and tertiary gene pools of Medicago and Trifolium is being increasingly accessed. Genome sequencing projects in alfalfa and white clover will enrich physical, linkage and trait maps. Genome sequences will underpin fine mapping of useful loci and subsequent allele mining, leveraging the synteny of these crops with M. truncatula. Low-cost genome-wide markers generated through genotyping-by-sequencing will make genomic selection for adaptation and forage yield possible for these crops. Genetic markers will also be used for dissecting quantitative traits and developing toolboxes of functional markers for stress tolerance and other traits. Under current regulatory policies, transgenic approaches are likely to be limited to a few breakthrough traits. The key challenge for future applications of genomics technologies is their seamless integration with breeding system logistics and breeding schemes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":86051593,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2151196388","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/07352689.2014.898462","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/2160\/26358","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Understanding quantum theory has been a subject of debate from its birth. Many different formulations and interpretations have been proposed. Here we examine a recent novel formulation, namely the coevents formulation. It is a histories formulation and has as starting point the Feynman path integral and the decoherence functional. The new ontology turns out to be that of a coarse-grained history. We start with a quantum measure defined on the space of histories, and the existence of zero covers rules out single-history as potential reality (the Kochen Specker theorem casted in histories form is a special case of a zero cover). We see that allowing coarse-grained histories as potential realities avoids the previous paradoxes, maintains deductive non-contextual logic (alas non-Boolean) and gives rise to a unique classical domain. Moreover, we can recover the probabilistic predictions of quantum theory with the use of the Cournot's principle. This formulation, being both a realist formulation and based on histories, is well suited conceptually for the purposes of quantum gravity and cosmology.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":89613257,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2004447891","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/1742-6596\/442\/1\/012044","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1301.5704"},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1088\/1742-6596\/442\/1\/012044\/pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The most important challenge in the emerging 3D integration technology is the higher temperature, particularly in the layers that are more distant from the heat sink, compared to planar 2D chips. High temperature, in turn, increases circuit's susceptibility to permanent and intermittent faults. On the other hand, the fast and high-bandwidth vertical links in the 3D integration technology have opened new horizons for network-on-chip (NoC) design innovations. In this paper, we leverage these ultra-low-latency vertical links to design a fault-tolerant 3D NoC architecture. In this architecture, permanent and intermittent defects on links and crossbars are bypassed by borrowing the idle bandwidth from vertically adjacent links and crossbars. Evaluation results under synthetic and realistic workloads show that the proposed fault-tolerance mechanism offers higher reliability and lower performance loss, when compared with state-of-the-art fault-tolerant 3D NoC designs.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":14653791,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2346244757","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3850\/9783981537079_0513","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Innovation is considered as the lifeblood of higher education institutions and universities in order to survive, sustain, differentiate, monopoly, and develop in their industry. It is postulated that the core Innovations of universities should be focussed in five areas to develop core resources which include physical infrastructure, digital infrastructure, innovative teaching-learning infrastructure, intellectual property infrastructure, emotional infrastructure, and network infrastructure. It is also postulated that the Skill focussed education model contributes to the creation of innovative teaching-learning infrastructure and Research oriented education model contributes to the intellectual property infrastructure of the organization. This paper highlights how a new innovative private university can plan and implement strategies to grow in its lifecycle of survival stage, sustainability stage, differentiation stage, monopoly stage, and developed stage by means of skill enhancement through industry integration model and research oriented curriculum based education model by considering Srinivas university as a case study. This case study elaborates how Srinivas university implements its strategy aggressively to grow as most innovative skill and research focussed education system in India with an objective of transforming society by creating innovators.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":199347050,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2958862161","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.47992\/ijaeml.2581.7000.0036","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.47992\/ijaeml.2581.7000.0036","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In 2009, the G20 leaders agreed that all standardised over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives should be cleared through central counterparties (CCPs). Accordingly, an increasing proportion of OTC derivatives are now centrally cleared, particularly where the trading counterparties are large 'dealer' firms. However, for many smaller financial institutions and non-financial corporations, there remain material challenges in adopting central clearing. Such firms usually access CCPs indirectly through arrangements with larger dealer firms \u2013 so-called 'client clearing' arrangements. While non-dealers have long used such arrangements for their exchange-traded activity, increased CCP clearing of OTC derivative products has prompted market participants and policymakers to examine more closely these arrangements. Aspects of the design of client clearing arrangements, such as collateral requirements, operating schedules, and the degree of segregation of positions and collateral, can all have material implications for the costs and risks a firm faces in its OTC derivative trading activity. Some of these aspects could also have broader implications for financial stability.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":14614674,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"169349358","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a rapidly developing technology with tremendous potential in both developmental and production applications. Solar Turbines Incorporated is committed to AM technology for gas turbine applications. The ability to metal 3D print novel designs of turbine blades capable of actual turbine engine operation would effectively reduce design validation cycle time, and allow acquisition of key performance data early in a design campaign. In support of Solar's advanced manufacturing development and ongoing engine efficiency improvement goals, Solar initiated a project to print a full set of Mercury\u2122 50 stage 2 turbine blades to be run in a development engine.\n Solar leveraged years of experience with design and serial production of AM components in support of this project. A significant challenge faced when printing turbine blades is producing metal with mechanical properties sufficient to withstand the rigors of engine operation. As a rotating component within the hot section of the engine, turbine blades experience high centrifugal and pressure loads at elevated temperatures. After investigation of possible alloys capable of meeting the requirements of the Mercury\u2122 50 design envelope, the gamma prime (\u03b3') strengthened nickel superalloy Inconel\u2122 738LC was selected to provide the best opportunity for successful development engine testing.\n Solar partnered with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to produce the Inconel\u2122 738LC blades with Electron Beam Melting (EBM) powder bed fusion process. Once a rough blade shape was printed, the fir-tree attachment, blade tip shroud, and air flow path surfaces were finished using both conventional and non-conventional machining processes. In-process monitoring, metallurgical evaluations, mechanical testing, and non-destructive inspection techniques were used to validate the printed blade material integrity and conformance to geometric design intent. Planned future activities include assembly of the AM blades onto a disk for spin pit testing to validate the mechanical integrity and design margin of the blades. The final phase of the project will be to install the bladed disk assembly into a Mercury\u2122 50 engine at Solar Turbines to conduct a series of hot-fired engine performance tests.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":209791649,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2982961156","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1115\/gt2019-90966","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The early modern fairy is a long ignored transgender figure. This article presents a transhistoricist analysis of how a range of \"transgender\" concepts manifest in the early modern literary imagination\u2014instabilities, transformations, ambiguities, or indeterminacies in sex and gender\u2014through the representation of fairies and the supernatural. It focuses on Ariel in Shakespeare's Tempest, Duessa in Spenser's Faerie Queene, and Jocastus in Randolph's Amyntas. Breaking from the threatening fairies of the medieval tradition, early modern writers reshaped how fairies were conceptualized in popular imagination, which inform our ideas of the supernatural and gender instability to this day. While transgender approaches to the medieval period have recently come to prominence, transgender approaches to the early modern remain marginal. This article seeks to establish what early modern fairies offer transgender theory and what transgender theory can offer early modern historicism. Through transgender readings of fairies and supernatural figures, this article demonstrates how such figures provided a space in which early modern culture could fantastically conceptualize transgender concepts and identities.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":234088872,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3137852643","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1215\/23289252-8749596","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/discovery.ucl.ac.uk\/id\/eprint\/10113822\/3\/Horbury_TSQ%20Early%20Modern%20Transgender%20Fairies%20Revised.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Chymosin, commonly known as rennin, is the main milk-coagulating enzyme available in rennet. RNA was extracted from the abomasum of a suckling calf water buffalo and was subjected to RT-PCR using degenerate primers to amplify 850bp of the chymosin gene. The sequence was aligned with 19 different mammals' chymosin genes. The sequence revealed that there is a similarity to them ranging from 64% to 98%. The purified recombinant proteins were obtained from the transformed E. coli and yeast. The clotting activity of both of the resulting proteins was examined compared to the commercial peers. It was noticed that the concentration of the purified protein ranged from 15,000 to 40,000 MCU. Therefore, the activity of the obtained proteins was the same and it was 105% when compared to the commercial peer. Having examined the cytotoxicity of the purified proteins, the results revealed no toxicity. We can conclude that the obtained recombinant protein is more active and safe even when expressed in bacteria rather than yeast.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":86388327,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2104124778","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2174\/18763960010030100063","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/benthamopen.com\/contents\/pdf\/TONUTRAJ\/TONUTRAJ-3-63.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary Matrix Gla protein (MGP) is an extracellular matrix protein with wide tissue distribution. It has been demonstrated that the expression of MGP is detected not only in the normal blood vessels but also calcified atherosclerotic plaques, and that MGP deficient mice develop extensive arterial calcification. MGP is thought to be a regulator of vascular calcification. A recent clinical study demonstrates the association between polymorphisms of the MGP gene and increased risk of myocardial infarction. However, there are no reports of the relationship between serum MGP levels and coronary artery calcification (CAC). We evaluated the severity of CAC using electron-beam computed tomography (EBCT), and measured serum MGP levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 115 subjects with suspected coronary artery disease. CAC scores were correlated with traditional risk factors, such as age, gender, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and smoking. The serum MGP levels were lower in patients with CAC than in those without CAC (p<0.001). As the severity of CAC increased, there was a significant decrease in serum MGP levels. Serum MGP levels (U\/L) were 116.7 \u00b1 20.3, 104.9 \u00b1 19.2, 95.2 \u00b1 15.2 and 82.2 \u00b1 19.7, (medians 115.5, 105.0, 94.8, and 81.9) for the subjects with normal (CAC score=0), mild (CAC score=1 to 99), moderate (CAC score=100 to 400), and severe (CAC score >400) coronary calcification, respectively. We found that serum MGP levels are inversely correlated with the severity of CAC. These data suggest a possible role for MGP in the development of vascular calcification.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":4825001,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2026365995","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1160\/TH03-08-0572","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVES\nThis sub-analysis of the EPICOR study describes pre-hospital care (PHC) patterns in Belgium, Luxembourg (Belux) and Western European (WEU) countries (Finland, Norway, Denmark, the Netherlands, UK, Belgium, Luxembourg, Spain, France, Italy, Greece and Germany.\n\n\nMETHODS AND RESULTS\nEPICOR (NCT01171404) is multinational, observational study comprising patients with acute coronary syndrome hospitalized within 24h of symptoms onset, diagnosed with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), non-STEMI (NSTEMI) or unstable angina (UA). Of the 325 WEU centres, 37 were in Belgium and 1 in Luxembourg. PHC was defined as pre-hospital ECG and\/or pre-hospital medication (PHM). 504 Belux and 6,119 WEU patients were enrolled. Of the WEU patients 51.5% received PHC and 28.1% PHM, compared to 27.6% and 11.3% of the Belux patients. These differences were observed in both STEMI and UA\/NSTEMI patients. In Belux, the most frequent PHM was acetylsalicylic acid (53 patients); only 1 patient received thrombolytics. The median time from symptoms onset to ECG was longer for Belux (2.8 h) than for WEU patients (2.4 h). PHC shortened this time by almost 1.5h. Belux patients with PHC had a shorter median time between symptoms onset and first medical attention (FMA) than WEU patients (1.0 vs 1.3 h). Only 34.7% of Belux patients with pre-hospital ECG and with time from FMA to ECG available had ECG within 10 minutes of FMA, as recommended by the European Society of Cardiology.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nIn Belux, diagnostic ECG is delayed compared to WEU, despite the short time to FMA. Few patients undergo ECG within the recommended period, indicating room for improvement.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":264446811,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2781641605","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2143\/AC.71.1.3132093","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A survey taken by the world health organization (WHO) and the international commission on radiation protection (ICRP) shows that certain materials used for the construction of such buildings (rocks soils) are known to be radioactive. Exposure to indoor ionizing radiation like exposure to any other type of ionizing radiation results in critical health challenges. This work set out to determine the levels of background ionizing radiations in selected buildings around Nairobi County and its environs. The Radiation Alert R (Digilert 200) meters were used to capture the readings. The meters were held about 1 m above ground level and readings were recorded in mR\/h for all buildings. Numerical data was subjected to analysis of variance using Minitab version 17.0 to determine the statistical differences of exposure levels within various areas. A total of 400 buildings were sampled. The annual indoor readings were highest in Eastleigh (4.070 mSv) and relatively lowest in Nairobi Central Business District (CBD) at 2.763 mSv, representing a deviation from WHO recommended standard of 307.0% and 176.3%, respectively. None of the buildings sampled had exposure levels below the WHO recommended standard of 1 mSv. Overall, these results indicate presence of higher levels of ionizing radiations in buildings beyond the acceptable annual threshold thereby posing significant health risk to the public. Consequently, these results could find great application in guiding the formulation of the national building code to include routine surveillance of the background ionizing radiation levels in various buildings to assess the health risk of general public as well as exploring appropriate mitigation approaches.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":55376903,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2442208860","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4172\/2155-9619.1000289","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4172\/2155-9619.1000289","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, which takes a much broader perspective than is now usual, we state the case for the return to a grand, all-encompassing theory of the type that was popular initially in consumer behavior. This theory, a paradigm really, is Hull-Spence Behavior Theory (HSBT). The theory is introduced here in detail with reference to consumer behavior. HSBT is shown to be a very generally applicable theory, not just `middle range', with a rich set of variables that can accommodate the new micro-phenomena toward which our field has gravitated. As a grand theory, HSBT provides the `context' necessary to fully understand, explain, and predict consumer behavior.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":154771747,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2076370426","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/1470593108089201","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although general purpose robotic manipulators are becoming more capable at manipulating various objects, their ability to manipulate millimeter-scale objects are usually limited. On the other hand, ultrasonic levitation devices have been shown to levitate a large range of small objects, from polystyrene balls to living organisms. By controlling the acoustic force fields, ultrasonic levitation devices can compensate for robot manipulator positioning uncertainty and control the grasping force exerted on the target object. The material agnostic nature of acoustic levitation devices and their ability to dexterously manipulate millimeter-scale objects make them appealing as a grasping mode for general purpose robots. In this work, we present an ultrasonic, contact-less manipulation device that can be attached to or picked up by any general purpose robotic arm, enabling millimeter-scale manipulation with little to no modification to the robot itself. This device is capable of performing the very first phase-controlled picking action on acoustically reflective surfaces. With the manipulator placed around the target object, the manipulator can grasp objects smaller in size than the robot's positioning uncertainty, trap the object to resist air currents during robot movement, and dexterously hold a small and fragile object, like a flower bud. Due to the contact-less nature of the ultrasound-based gripper, a camera positioned to look into the cylinder can inspect the object without occlusion, facilitating accurate visual feature extraction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":4,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":210175432,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3006975687","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/BioRob49111.2020.9224384","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2002.09056"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"As the number of learning and teaching continuing professional development (CPD) courses increases in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs), so too does the accompanying number of learning innovations being implemented and evaluated.\u00a0 The evaluation process requires valid and reliable data collection and analysis procedures to be established.\u00a0 In many cases, qualitative methods such as interviews, focus groups and free-text responses are employed for this purpose.\u00a0 These methods generate large volumes of data, which must be coded and analysed in a thorough and professional manner.\u00a0 While commercial software packages can assist in this analysis, in a difficult economic climate, the cost of campus-wide licenses for such can be quite prohibitive.\u00a0 In a recent publication aimed at enhancing the learning environment in practical sessions, Bree et al. (2014) implemented a simple, cost-effective technology-based analysis of captured focus group data with a widely used software suite.\u00a0 This report describes in detail the qualitative data analysis process designed and implemented by the two authors (a link to a screencast outlining the method is also provided). \u00a0Ensuring data analysis processes are performed correctly will generate valid data, leading to an increase in the number of peer-reviewed publications describing learning and teaching innovations; with each of these ultimately enhancing the learning environment for students and developing higher-quality graduates. \u00a0It is hoped this report will assist educators enrolling on learning and teaching courses, or those performing research projects in the area who are considering employing qualitative evaluation methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":56110445,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2498564125","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Bioorganometallic chemistry is a rapidly developing area of research. In recent years organometallic compounds have provided a rich platform for the design of effective catalysts, e.g. for olefin metathesis and transfer hydrogenation. Electronic and steric effects are used to control both the thermodynamics and kinetics of ligand substitution and redox reactions of metal ions, especially Ru(II). Can similar features be incorporated into the design of targeted organometallic drugs? Such complexes offer potential for novel mechanisms of drug action through incorporation of outer-sphere recognition of targets and controlled activation features based on ligand substitution as well as metal- and ligand-based redox processes. We focus here on \u03b7(6)-arene, \u03b7(5)-cyclopentadienyl sandwich and half-sandwich complexes of Fe(II), Ru(II), Os(II) and Ir(III) with promising activity towards cancer, malaria, and other conditions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2013-20":1,"2013-48":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":39135174,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2952620984","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/c2cc30678f","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/wrap.warwick.ac.uk\/50269\/1\/WRAP_Habtemariam486_ChemComm2012_48_5219_Anna%20Louisa%20Noffke_deposit.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Detection of nonself SIRP\u03b1 by CD47 triggers an innate immune response to allografts in mice that lack T, B, and NK cells. Looking beyond MHCs in transplant rejection Mice engineered to lack T, B, and NK cells generate mature dendritic cells in response to allogeneic transplants. Precisely how these mice recognize allografts to be \"nonself\" has remained a mystery. Using an elegant positional cloning approach, Dai et al. have identified polymorphisms in the mouse gene encoding signal regulatory protein \u03b1 (SIRP\u03b1) to be key in this innate self-nonself recognition. They show that SIRP\u03b1 receptor CD47 binds SIRP\u03b1 variants with distinct affinities and propose this affinity sensing to be the mechanism that triggers dendritic cell maturation, the first step in the initiation of the alloimmune response. Given that the SIRP\u03b1 gene is also polymorphic in humans, it remains to be seen whether human SIRP\u03b1 variations influence transplantation success. Mice devoid of T, B, and natural killer (NK) cells distinguish between self and allogeneic nonself despite the absence of an adaptive immune system. When challenged with an allograft, they mount an innate response characterized by accumulation of mature, monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs) that produce interleukin-12 and present antigen to T cells. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the innate immune system detects allogeneic nonself to generate these DCs are not known. To address this question, we studied the innate response of Rag2\u2212\/\u2212\u03b3c\u2212\/\u2212 mice, which lack T, B, and NK cells, to grafts from allogeneic donors. By positional cloning, we identified that donor polymorphism in the gene encoding signal regulatory protein \u03b1 (SIRP\u03b1) is a key modulator of the recipient's innate allorecognition response. Donors that differed from the recipient in one or both Sirpa alleles elicited an innate alloresponse. The response was mediated by binding of donor SIRP\u03b1 to recipient CD47 and was modulated by the strength of the SIRP\u03b1-CD47 interaction. Therefore, sensing SIRP\u03b1 polymorphism by CD47 provides a molecular mechanism by which the innate immune system distinguishes between self and allogeneic nonself independently of T, B, and NK cells.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":25488260,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2717813247","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aam6202","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/immunology.sciencemag.org\/content\/immunology\/2\/12\/eaam6202.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article analyzes how Iranian filmmakers have depicted and used space. As shown through a range of examples from different directors, the spaces of films open windows into the lives of individuals and households, as well as the world of storytellers. Filmmakers analyze the private space of the home and the common spaces of collective living in courtyard housing and apartment buildings, but they also travel through the complex world of the city and investigate the thresholds and in-between spaces that are places of communication, ambiguity, and conflict.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":134360505,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2753490917","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract : Considerable stratospheric upper-air data have been gathered and summarizing programs have been prepared for their computer analysis. The 26month and 12-month cycles of tropical winds have been examined for Balboa, San Juan, Canton and Kwajalein. Harmonic and spectral analyses of 50-mb data show the relative importance of these and other periods and how they vary with latittude. Time sections of the zonal wind component were prepared for the same four stations. These show the variation of the observed waves with height, time and station. The consolidated long-term annual mean wave at stations about 10 degrees from the equator was found to be somewhat sinusoidal but waves for individual years were usually far from sinusoidal. At stations near the equator where the biennial cycle of 21 to 28 months is most pronounced, the shape of the annual wave could not be determined with the length of record available due to the very strong influence of the biennial cycle. (Author)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":126877608,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1481021365","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"International failure in responding to genocide in Darfur should be occasion for the deepest shame. Inaction has already cost hundreds of thousands of lives and caused untold human suffering--but the catastrophe is far from over. The example of Darfur should prompt considerable reflection on whether the world community feels any \"responsibility to protect\" civilians endangered because of inaction, or indeed deliberate actions, on the part of their own governments and regimes. Have we reached the point in confronting atrocity crimes at which we put civilian lives ahead of expedient claims of national sovereignty? An answer in the abstract was provided by all UN member states in September 2005. At that time, countries declared themselves \"prepared to take collective action, in a timely and decisive manner, through the Security Council\" when national authorities fail to \"protect their populations from genocide, war crimes, ethnic cleansing, and crimes against humanity.\" We know--from a staggering number of human rights reports and assessments, and myriad accounts from journalists and humanitarians in the region--the relevance of this clause to events in Darfur. For almost five years, Khartoum has committed all the crimes enumerated here in an attempt to destroy the perceived non-Arab or African civilian base of support for Darfur's rebel groups. Current humanitarian conditions reveal that a grim genocide by attrition is the regime's means of sustaining this strategy, which includes continuing harassment and obstruction of aid efforts. As this brutal counter-insurgency effort is set to enter its sixth year, hope for protection resides entirely in the success of an unwieldy, unprecedented, and inauspiciously begun UN-African Union \"hybrid\" peace support operation, authorized by UN Security Council Resolution 1769 in July 2007. In October 2007, the force had begun deploying without adequate resources, or even land for housing its personnel, and was burdened by a crippling dependence upon African Union personnel--this at the insistence of the Khartoum regime, which is determined to control the mission as much as possible. Consequently, there is likely to be little significant near-term improvement in the acute security crisis that threatens millions of Darfuri civilians and the vast humanitarian operations on which they depend. At the same time, the National Islamic Front (NIF), which dominates the merely notional \"Government of National Unity\" in Sudan, appears bent on precipitating renewed north-south conflict. The NIF has no only reneged on key terms of the January 2005 peace agreement that ended more than 20 years of unfathomably destructive north-south civil war, but has engaged in a series of provocative actions directed against both the southern Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and its military forces. In October the SPLM responded by suspending its participation in the national government. The prospects for renewed war are greater than at any time since January 2005, and the consequences of such a war would be catastrophic. Whatever Darfur cease-fire might be in place, or whatever peace process may be inching forward, would readily collapse under the weight of nation-wide civil war. Darfur's staggering figures make the questioner international response all the more exigent: hundreds of thousands already dead; 2.5 million displaced, most losing anything; and 4.2 million human beings dependent on the world's largest and most endangered humanitarian operation. Answers are at once numerous and complex--and bluntly obvious. There has simply never been any stomach to confront, in effective and concerted fashion, the ruthless tyranny of the NIF. The regime came to power by military coup in 1989, deposing the elected government of Sadiq el-Mahdi and deliberately aborting Sudan's most promising chance for peace since independence. Yet there have never been coordinated economic sanctions targeting the NIF leadership. \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":142023471,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"265536941","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, we use a linear complementarity problem (LCP) formulation of rigid body dynamics with unilateral contacts to obtain definitions for contact modes. We show how the complementary cones of the LCP correspond to each of the intuitive contact modes: slide right, slide left, roll and separate. These complementary cones allow us to make rigorous definitions for contact modes in three-dimensional systems, where our intuitive understanding fails.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":5551469,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2072570419","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ROBOT.2004.1302556","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT\nLignocellulosic biomass is an alternate and renewable source of carbon and it can be used\nto produce fuels and chemicals without putting any stress on the nutritional needs of world\npopulation. However, conversion of biomass is technologically challenging since it is a solid\nmaterial and needs a solvent for liquid phase catalytic processing, and carbon \u2013 oxygen\nbonds need to be cleaved selectively without breaking carbon \u2013 carbon bonds. Acid\ncatalyzed dehydration of sugars to intermediates like 5 \u2013 hyroxymethyl furfural (HMF) is one\nof the key reactions in biomass conversion. Since the economic analysis of the process has\nshown that the cost of HMF is most sensitive to the cost of fructose, high conversion and\nselectivity to HMF are desired. Experimental investigations have shown that pH of reaction\nmixture has a significant effect on the conversion and selectivity. It is believed that pH\naffects the conversion and selectivity in the reaction of fructose to HMF by altering the local\narrangement of water molecules around fructose. The local arrangement of water molecules\naround the sugar can possibly influence the protonation of fructose, which is the first step in\nthe dehydration reaction. Since the protonation of selected oxygens in fructose only leads to\nthe formation of HMF, the site specificity of protonation can alter the reaction selectivity. In\nthe present work, systems of different hydronium ion concentrations i.e. varying number of\nHCl molecules in glucose \u2013 water mixtures, were simulated using ab initio molecular\ndynamics to study the changes of fructose solvation in water medium as a function of pH.\nSimulations were performed using the Car \u2013 Parrinello scheme, and the planewave\npseudopotential implementation of the Kohn \u2013 Sham density functional theory. Molecular\ndynamic trajectories were analyzed using radial pair distribution functions and spatial\ndistribution functions. Our simulation results showed that the local arrangement of water\nmolecules around selected oxygens of the sugar gets significantly altered as the hydronium\nion concentration in the system changes. The change in the intermolecular hydrogen\nbonding in water due to the presence of hydronium ion also alters the sugar \u2013 water\ninteraction. The findings of the present work have helped us better understand the effect of\npH on the solvation of fructose in water, which has an effect on its conversion to HMF.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":100252196,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2603740058","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Poultry production is largely faced with a number of risks. In this study, sources of risk, attitude of farmers towards risk, the determinants and risk management strategies adopted by farmers were examined. Primary data from 74 respondents were collected using cluster sampling method with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, composite analysis, safety first behavioural model and the censored Tobit model were the analytical tools employed. The most prevalent source of risk in the study area was fluctuation of input prices (75.3%) and the least encountered risk source was inefficiency of workers (12.2%). Average poultry egg farmer in the study area experienced at least one source of risk. The respondents were found to exhibit low risk aversion and risk-aversion was significantly increased by cost of labour, number of layers in battery cage system and number of layers in deep litter system. However, years in poultry farming and amount of credit received significantly reduced the risk aversion among the farmers. The most used risk management strategy was relaxation of pen before re-stocking them (97.3%). Farmers should be encouraged to insure their farms and extension services should be made readily available to farmers. Enabling policy environment towards an effective credit programme should be facilitated while attention should also be shifted towards protection of farmers against input price variations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":55085517,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2198183640","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22004\/AG.ECON.206863","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present an innovative system for semantic search, based on an ontology, called Search Ontology. The Search Ontology contains search terms, for which synonymous labels can be defined, and search concepts, specified by rules, that determine how search terms are combined with abstract NEAR or Boolean operators to describe corresponding concepts in documents. A search query can be generated from the ontological specification and executed on an information retrieval system such as Lucene afterwards. This approach has the advantage that the user can create powerful and complex queries by ontological specifications only, with minimal effort and without knowing the query syntax. The ontology itself is easily adaptable, extensible and reusable. No information contained in the ontology is used while preprocessing and indexing the documents, since the ontology is being constantly expanded by users of the system and changes in the ontology should not trigger new indexing and analysis for the whole document collection. The system is intended for domain experts, e.g., patent examiners or experts in the field of post-market surveillance of medical devices.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":4855268,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2397338825","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Vulnerability theory is a fundamental scientific knowledge system in sustainable development, and vulnerability assessment is important in vulnerability studies. Economic vulnerability affects economic growth sustainability. Comprehensive assessment of economic vulnerability in the process of economic growth under the theoretical framework of vulnerability will provide a new perspective for vulnerability studies. Based on a vulnerability scoping diagram assessment model, this study selected 22 economic sensitivity indexes and 25 economic adaptability indexes from the economic, social, and nature\u2013resource\u2013environmental subsystems to comprehensively assess and spatially analyse the vulnerability of China's provincial economies since the year 2000, while applying the entropy method, multilevel extension assessment, spatial measurement method, and geographic information system technology. The results showed the following: (1) There are great differences in the vulnerability of China's provincial economies. Western China's vulnerability is higher and the fluctuation range of economic vulnerability is larger. The vulnerability increased significantly based on spatial differential features; (2) Regional differences in economic vulnerability, mainly caused by differences within a region, increased gradually. Eastern and Western China showed the spatial pattern characteristics of prominent and reinforcing regional imbalance, while Central and Northeast China showed declining regional imbalance. The spatial structure evolution of economic vulnerability is characterized by a volatility curve, and regional separation and divergence are strengthened; (3) Growth of China's provincial economies and economic vulnerability are related negatively. In Eastern, Central, and Northeast China, vulnerability of the provincial economies has a negative spillover effect on neighbouring provinces' economic growth, while in Western China it has a slight positive spillover effect.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":158375457,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2800719934","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/SU10041261","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The CRISPR\/Cas12a system has been repurposed as a versatile nuclei acid bio-imaging tool, but its utility in sensing non-nucleic acid analytes in living cells has been less exploited. Herein, we demonstrated the ability of Mn2+ to accelerate cleavage kinetics of Cas12a and deployed for live-cell Mn2+ sensing by leveraging the accelerated trans-cleavage for signal reporting. In this work, we found that Mn2+ could significantly boost both the cis-cleavage and trans-cleavage activities of Cas12a. On the basis of this phenomenon, we harnessed CRISPR-Cas12a as a direct sensing system for Mn2+, which achieved robust Mn2+ detection in the concentration range of 0.5-700 \u03bcM within 15 min in complex biological samples. Furthermore, we also demonstrated the versatility of this system to sense Mn2+ in the cytoplasm of living cells. With the usage of a conditional guide RNA, this Cas12a-based sensing method was applied to study the cytotoxicity of Mn2+ in living nerve cells, offering a valuable tool to reveal the cellular response of nerve cells to Mn2+ disorder and homeostasis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":250283284,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.2c01461","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Two-mica monzogranites to leucogranites and biotite-rich, cordierite-bearing tonalites to monzogranites form two distinct groups of peraluminous granitoids. They can be distinguished by mineral and rock associations and by the variation of their peraluminosity during differentiation. Except for the rare muscovite-bearing granitoids produced by extreme fractionation or local contamination of metaluminous magmas, the majority of peraluminous granitoids are produced by partial melting of crustal rocks. Production of either muscovite-bearing granites or biotite-rich, cordierite-bearing granitoids does not depend only on the nature of the sources, but is also controlled by the physical parameters of partial melting and consequently by the way anatexis of a thickened crust is enhanced. Biotite-rich, cordierite-bearing granitoids are generated where mantle-derived magmas are injected into or have underplated crustal rocks; two-mica granites are generated where thickened crust is affected by major crustal shears or thrusts. Correlations between differentiation and peraluminosity indicate the dominant role of either restite unmixing or fractional crystallization in the production and evolution of the various types of peraluminous granitoids.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":128946480,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2004348325","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1996)024<0295:GOTTMT>2.3.CO;2","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The process of air separation unit has the characteristics of many types of equipment, long flow, and strong relativity and complicates structures. A multi-variable model predictive control strategy to achieve the goal of automatic variable-load for the control limits in the variable-load process of air separation unit was proposed. Regard model predictive controller as the core, the problems of coupling in the various technological parameters were solved. Moreover, the non-linear control request for global variable-loading process was satisfied, and the perfect operation character and rate were ensured. Production characteristics, structure, scheme and application processes for the control strategy were described in detail. The system succeeds in applying to the air separation unit in an iron and steel enterprise, the multi-variable control system shows its effectiveness and efficiency in the automatic variable-loading.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":108890006,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1986381439","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.29-32.2356","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT We examined whether culture-relevant affirmations that focus on family (i.e., family affirmation) would enhance performance for Latino students compared to affirmations that focus on the individual (i.e., self-affirmation). In Study 1 (N = 82), Latino middle school students exposed to a family affirmation outperformed Latino students exposed to a self-affirmation. In Study 2 (N = 269), Latino college students exposed to a family affirmation outperformed Latino students exposed to a self-affirmation and outperformed European American students across conditions. European American students performed equally well across conditions. The findings suggest that culture provides a meaningful framework for developing effective classroom strategies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":55210670,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2268019100","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/01973533.2015.1129609","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The kinetics and mechanism for the synthesis of core-shell styrene-butyl acrylate was studied in this research using two methods: the first involved determining the number of polymers produced as a solid content with respect to time; the second consisted of determining the unreacted monomer concentration with respect to time with gas chromatography (GC). Based on the reaction rate equation obtained from the experiment, the equation for the reaction rate for each stage can be predicted. The order of styrene in the core-shell synthesis calculated from the experiment is supported by the estimation of the derived reaction mechanism. The order of the ammonium persulphate (APS) initiator and the order of the sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) surfactant, obtained from the experiment, are not suitable for the estimated mechanism, which caused initiators and surfactants to play roles only in the first step of the reaction, at the time of core formation or during nucleation. The order of butyl acrylate in the styrene core grafting obtained from the experiment is supported by the result of the mechanism estimation that is thus derived.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":201863473,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper describes an approach to teaching e-commerce at a masters level in a course that is entirely coursework assessed. The approach involves students giving weekly presentations of material they have researched based on fairly detailed subject guidance provided by the lecturer. The approach uses extreme programming as an analogy for the structuring of the content and the process through which learning takes place. The way in which subject material is presented to the students, and the learning cycle which takes place are described. Students develop presentation material in response to stories, which set the context and problems, and tasks which set the detailed areas for investigation. These presentations are done for peers and the tutor and are immediately commented on, leading to the revision of presentation material to appear in an assessed portfolio. The e-commerce syllabus is presented in the context of a commercial or government organization seeking to develop and implement an e-commerce strategy. The agile approach leads to the discovery of new ideas and frameworks by students, and to the development of skills in critically analyzing e-commerce concepts from industrial and academic sources. The paper discusses the student's role as an active developer and deliverer of material in a group environment and the role of the tutor in directing studies, providing support and counsel and assessing student deliverables. In interviews, students commented that the approach was challenging and somewhat daunting, but was a rewarding learning experience. Preconceptions as to what e-commerce involved were challenged through the student-driven research done for the presentations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":196170964,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2950623672","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction There are many drowning studies in children that have the potential to allow calculation of the risk or probability of drowning during specific periods of childhood. However, almost none of them include a nationally representative population of children and are large enough to contain enough drowning deaths to have statistical precision in estimating the per-year-of childhood risk of drowning. The Bangladesh Health and Injury Survey (BHIS) allows just such an estimate to be calculated, which puts an actual probability of drowning by year of childhood for children in Bangladesh. Methods The mortality experience from the child sample from BHIS was examined. A life table was constructed from the child dataset which showed the probability of survival by each year of childhood according to cause of mortality. Results 169 deaths from drowning occurred in children in BHIS. The multiple decrement life-table analysis which shows age specific probabilities of drowning for children in Bangladesh will be presented at WCDP. Conclusions The annual risk of dying for children in Bangladesh is already known from the census and other surveys and is high compared with high income countries. The cause-specific mortality risk calculated from the BHIS survey dataset shows that drowning is the largest risk of death from a single cause to children who survive infancy in Bangladesh through their 18th birthday, when they become adults. Acknowledgements Centre for Injury Prevention and Research Bangladesh (CIPRB)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":59215033,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2508898485","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/INJURYPREV-2016-042156.1013","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We propose a Bayesian approach to spectral graph convolutional networks (GCNs) where the graph parameters are considered as random variables. We develop an inference algorithm to estimate the posterior over these parameters and use it to incorporate prior information that is not naturally considered by standard GCN. The key to our approach is to define a smooth posterior parameterization over the adjacency matrix characterizing the graph, which we estimate via stochastic variational inference. Our experiments show that we can outperform standard GCN methods in the task of semi-supervised classification in noisy-graph regimes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":174799402,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2948133842","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1906.01852"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Dielectric Elastomers (DE) represent an attractive technology in the field of electromechanical transducers for the realization of low cost actuators and sensors. These devices consist of a thin DE membrane with flexible electrodes resulting in a stretchable capacitor. An electrical field, applied by the electrodes causes a thickness reduction due to the dielectric forces in the membrane resulting in a mechanical output. The actuator performance strongly depends on the material properties of the membrane, especially permittivity and breakdown field strength. To characterize the enhanced materials developed by current researches a reproducible testing method is needed. This work presents the development, realization and validation of a scientific test stand to investigate the electrical breakdown in dielectric elastomer films under different environmental conditions. The presented test setup allows the study of various film thicknesses at comparable conditions. Exchangeable electrode tips allow the research of different electrical field distribution induced by the electrode geometry. A fine adjustable contact pressure ensures a defined mechanical contact with the film surface while creating minimal film thickness deformation in a repeatable manner. Furthermore, this enables to research the influence of the contact pressure on the electrical breakdown field strength. An exchangeable specimen frame offers easy film preparation with different pre-stretch strains and spatial resolved thickness measurements in preparation of the breakdown test. To allow the characterization of the film under different ambient conditions the test stand is placed in a climate chamber controlling ambient temperature and humidity. A remote-controlled servo motor allows spatial resolved breakdown voltage measurements resulting in combination with the local thickness measurements in a breakdown field strength.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":139627558,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2794582581","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1117\/12.2296995","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Alginate microspheres prepared by an emulsion-based process were loaded with insulin by a remote loading process. We observed that the time of exposure, pH of the remote loading medium, and beta-cyclodextrin complexation of insulin influenced drug loading. In vivo absorption studies of insulin from optimized microspheres were carried out in diabetic albino rats. Serum sugar levels on administration of multiple oral doses of the microspheres and a radioimmunoassay for serum insulin indicated absorption of insulin from the gastrointestinal region. This process could be utilized for the development of an oral insulin delivery system.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":21028791,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2147970111","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/107175401300002711","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, an efficient algorithm for pitch determination of speech signals is presented. Pitch period of speech signals does not contain sharp changes in time in voiced and voiced-unvoiced transition regions. Depending on this property, Kalman Filter has been used to estimate the pitch period similar to the way it is used in the target tracking problems. The measurement for the Kalman filter is obtained by using the integer pitch calculation based on autocorrelation method, which is used as the first step of pitch determination in MELP speech coding algorithm. Kalman filter makes an a priori estimate, which depends on the general behavior of the pitch period in time and this estimate is updated using this measurement to obtain an a posteriori estimate. The proposed method provides a reduction in the computational complexity since the autocorrelation search is made only inside the gating volume of the Kalman filter. Therefore, the proposed method does not require any pitch doubling check. It also does not need any fractional pitch computations. The pitch periods obtained using this method have been compared to those determined in MELP algorithm and it has been observed that comparable results have been obtained","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":16490745,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2161121318","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/SIU.2006.1659702","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For qualitative prediction of chip morphology and quantitative prediction of burr size,\n 2D and 3D finite element (FE) based turning models have been developed in this paper.\n Coupled temperature-displacement machining simulations exploiting the capabilities of\n Abaqus\u00ae with a particular industrial turning insert and a newly proposed geometrical\n version of this insert have been performed. Limitations of 2D models in defining the chip\n morphologies and surface topologies have been discussed. The phenomenological findings on\n the Poisson burr (Side burr) formation using 3D cutting models have been highlighted.\n Bespoke geometry of the turning insert has been found helpful in reducing the Poisson burr\n formation, as it reduces the contact pressures at the edges of tool rake face-workpiece\n interface. Lower contact pressures serve to decrease the material flow towards workpiece\n edges (out of plane deformation). In contrast, higher contact pressures at tool rake\n face-workpiece interface lead to more material flow towards workpiece edges resulting in\n longer burr. Simulation results of chip morphologies and cutting forces for turning an\n aluminum alloy A2024-T351 have been compared with the experimental ones. Finally, it has\n been concluded that the newly proposed geometry of the insert not only decreases the burr\n but also helpful in lessening the magnitude of tool-workpiece initial impact.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":110838530,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2071395546","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1051\/MECA\/2014045","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Author(s): Delgado, Ziza Joy | Advisor(s): Kim, Elaine | Abstract: In 1968, the students, faculty, staff and community members of color at San Francisco State University (SFSU) initiated the first Third World Liberation Front (TWLF) movement for Ethnic Studies in the United States. After carrying out the longest student strike our nation had seen at that time, the SFSU TWLF movement successfully created the first and only College of Ethnic Studies in the United States. This radical victory represented a culmination for historically oppressed communities in their effort to achieve liberation in one area of their lives - education. The impact of this achievement reverberated throughout higher education, beginning with neighboring Bay Area universities and spreading across the country. Not only did the SFSU TWLF lead the way and inspire other young revolutionaries and activists to fight for culturally and politically relevant curriculum; this achievement represented a moment of victory for the historically marginalized in the longue duree of American oppression and resistance.In my dissertation I analyze the historical foundation and theoretical framework of the 1969 Third World Liberation Front (TWLF) movement, which resulted in the creation of an Ethnic Studies Department at UC Berkeley. I examine the TWLF as a campaign for self-determination that introduced politically relevant curriculum and pedagogy at UC Berkeley. The new course context was more than just culturally relevant: the study of Native Americans, Chicano\/Latinos, Asian Americans and African Americans added a new study of the life, experiences, and culture of communities previously omitted from course curriculum. However, my definition of politically relevant includes the elements of culturally relevant and goes a step further, arguing that a strong radical political framework influenced every aspect of the newly formed field of ethnic studies and black studies. My research fills a gap in the literature because I analyze the social, historical, and theoretical foundations of the TWLF at UC Berkeley rather than simply documenting the movement. Utilizing this interdisciplinary approach, I weave together literary analysis, historical archives, qualitative interviews, and social theory. Most uniquely, I conduct an analysis of the educational implications of this historic moment to engender a holistic examination of the link between education and liberation for historically oppressed communities of color. My project contributes a new perspective to the role of student activism and, importantly, the role of women of color in fomenting change in university curriculum and pedagogy. Most notably, what distinguishes my research is the analysis of the TWLF as one of many pivotal moments in the longue duree of historically oppressed people fighting for their self-determination. The emphasis of this approach is dialectical: it is about how the history of the past informs the present. It refers to an interdisciplinary method of examining the long-term political, social, and economic structures and their impact on our social reality (Lee, 2012). Therefore, in my research I use this concept and methodology as a tool to analyze the impact of the historical system, and social construction, known as race. I focus on selected moments in United States history that were catalysts in the racial formation and oppression of Native Americans, African Americans, Asian Americans, and Chican@\/Latin@s. Utilizing a longue duree framework, I trace the experiences of historically marginalized communities and their struggle for freedom against the systems of white supremacy and capitalism. Within this movement, cartography education was employed - first by African Americans, and later by other racialized groups - as a crucial tool with which the oppressed could achieve their liberation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":149295260,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2769886659","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We are interested in the increment stationarity property for $L^2$-indexed stochastic processes, which is a fairly general concern since many random fields can be interpreted as the restriction of a more generally defined $L^2$-indexed process. We first give a spectral representation theorem in the sense of \\citet{Ito54}, and see potential applications on random fields, in particular on the $L^2$-indexed extension of the fractional Brownian motion. Then we prove that this latter process is characterized by its increment stationarity and self-similarity properties, as in the one-dimensional case.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":119653258,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2963340105","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1214\/16-ECP4727","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1511.06232"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The main aim of this project was to produce an interactive e-learning resource explaining the pharmacokinetic principles related to therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). The target audience for the resource were scientists at Manchester Royal Infirmary and the intended learning outcome for the users was to improve their understanding of the pharmacology behind the results they generate. The null hypothesis stated that the resource would not cause a significant improvement in the users' understanding of pharmacokinetics. The ADDIE Instructional Design Model was applied to the learning situation. A pre-project questionnaire allowed for a needs analysis to be conducted, determining the current level of knowledge. Design and development involved production of project plans and story- boards and the entire resource was produced using Opus Professional. The resource was distributed via compact discs, along with pre- and post-resource questionnaires to permit analysis. Knowledge was compared before and after using the resource to establish the effectiveness of the resource, and the functionality of the resource was evaluated. The needs questionnaire results outlined the exist- ing level of knowledge as being varied and provided suggestions for possible concepts to include in the resource. A more precise and accurate definition of TDM, why it is carried out, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were apparent in the post-resource questionnaire results. Confidence in the understanding and interpretation of data produce was not significantly improved (Wilcoxon matched pairs signed ranks test, n \u00bc 14, P \u00bc 0.13), while confidence in the understanding of pharmacokinetic parameters was significantly improved (Wilcoxon matched pairs signed ranks test, n \u00bc 16, P \u00bc 0.01). About 81% of the audience found the resource very helpful to understand- ing TDM and all of the users found it either easy to use or very easy to use. The post-resource results showed that confidence in the understanding of pharmacokinetics was improved, indicating that the learning outcomes of the user were achieved thus allowing the null hypothesis to be rejected. However, confidence in understanding the data generated was not improved, suggesting a possible aspect to be developed if the project was to be repeated. Functionality of the resource was successful as users found the resource easy to use and navigate.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":73056151,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2152258081","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/BIOHORIZONS\/HZP013","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Respiratory motion artifact is one of the factors limiting the diagnostic accuracy of SPECT or PET. Full-torso respiratory motion correction in general requires non-rigid respiratory motion estimation and correction due to different organs moving at different rates and possibly directions. In work we presented a method to reduce noise and equalize organ counts in SPECT, to aid non-rigid motion estimation via registration. This is done by transforming the intensities by a function which reduces the noise variance as well as brings the different organ counts to similar levels. We also address the issue of uneven counts in different respiratory states as done in our previous work when addressing rigid registration of the heart for Cardiac SPECT. Then we perform affine registration and B-spline-based free-form deformation on the transformed datasets to obtain the motion estimates. We incorporate the motion estimates within MLEM reconstruction for motion correction as done previously. We applied the method to four actual patient acquisitions. For all four patient datasets we found differences and improvements after corrections. We are also investigating our methodology with NCAT phantom simulations where the truth is know. The NCAT we use was modified to have non-rigid organ motion with respiration.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":40574248,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2547232162","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/NSSMIC.2010.5874206","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This historical study chronicled events of the development and implementation of the Paris Small Business Development Center at Paris Junior College in Paris, Texas from 1986-2006. Data was collected from primary and secondary sources and oral histories through personal interviews. The analysis included a brief history of higher education and the service mission and situated the study in the broader context as an extension program in higher education. This study provided a brief history of the U.S. Small Business Administration and America's Small Business Development Center Network as a background for the study. This study is significant to scholars in the field of higher education for a number of reasons. It provides a historical analysis of a service program that extends the college to the community and demonstrates higher education and its role in economic development. It adds to the current body of research by advancing an understanding of a past to contemporary knowledge. Finally, by integrating historical perspectives from multiple disciplines in higher education, what happened and the context in which it happened can be more fully appreciated. This study also contributes to practical knowledge as it deepens the understanding of significant events and processes that contributed to the success of an outreach program in higher education.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":111488302,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2265983991","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Walter Benjamin noted the transformative impact of information technology when he said that \"photography greatly extends the sphere of commodity exchange... by flooding the market with countless images of figures, landscapes, and events which had previously been available either not at all or only as pictures for individual customers.\" Echoing his assessment, multimedia activism has emerged as a practice through which multiple\u2013user communication by non\u2013state actors highlights transgressive values and issues. This paper focuses on Islamic extremist Web activism by discussing a multimedia file, the \"d'ua of Sheikh Muhammed Al\u2013Mohaisany.\" The file is examined to illustrate how the Web and other IT provide once inaccessible information and potentially alter communication by directly addressing targeted publics. Multimedia activism introduces issues of identity, boundaries, and perceptions into global politics and culture through telecommunication practices that were formerly state regulated.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":30956703,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2072289523","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5210\/fm.v10i7.1256","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Few techniques can identify interactions between proteins and individual water molecules when the protein is in solution. The present work has sought to bridge the gap between the molecular level studies and the search for a physical property of the solution (bathing the proteins) that would regulate the protein hydration level. The properties of the solution were varied by adding nondenaturing solutes and solvents to the protein solutions and then studying their effect on the intrinsic fluorescence of apomyoglobin. The resolution of the tryptophan emission into the two component spectra corresponding to tryptophans W7 (accessible to the solvent) and W14 (buried in the protein matrix) has allowed us to probe two specific parts of the protein. Whereas W14 is not affected when the medium is altered, the analysis of W7 fluorescence has shown that cosolvent diffusion plays a dominant role in the mobility of water molecules near the protein surface.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":30447684,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/bi012210","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Some species of enterococci and streptococci are difficult to differentiate by phenotypic traits. The feasibility of using an oligonucleotide array for identification of 11 viridans group streptococci was previously established. The aim of this study was to expand the array to identify species of Abiotrophia (1 species), Enterococcus (18 species), Granulicatella (3 species), and Streptococcus (31 species and 6 subspecies). The method consisted of PCR amplification of the ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer (ITS) regions, followed by hybridization of the digoxigenin-labeled PCR products to a panel of oligonucleotide probes (16- to 30-mers) immobilized on a nylon membrane. Probes could be divided into three categories: species specific, group specific, and supplemental probes. All probes were designed either from the ITS regions or from the 3\u2032 ends of the 16S rRNA genes. A collection of 312 target strains (162 reference strains and 150 clinical isolates) and 73 nontarget strains was identified by the array. Most clinical isolates were isolated from blood cultures or deep abscesses, and only those strains having excellent species identification with the Rapid ID 32 STREP system (bioM\u00e9rieux Vitek, Taipei, Taiwan) were used for array testing. The test sensitivity and specificity of the array were 100% (312\/312) and 98.6% (72\/73), respectively. The whole procedure of array hybridization took about 8 h, starting from isolated colonies, and the hybridization patterns could be read by the naked eye. The oligonucleotide array is accurate for identification of the above microorganisms and could be used as a reliable alternative to phenotypic identification methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":13070267,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2119912923","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01712-06","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Meloidogyne enterolobii is one of the obligate biotrophic root-knot nematodes that has the ability to reproduce on many economically-important crops. We carried out de novo sequencing of the transcriptome of M. enterolobii using Roche GS FLX and obtained 408,663 good quality reads that were assembled into 8193 contigs and 31,860 singletons. We compared the transcripts in different nematodes that were potential targets for biological control. These included the transcripts that putatively coded for CAZymes, kinases, neuropeptide genes and secretory proteins and those that were involved in the RNAi pathway and immune signaling. Typically, 75 non-membrane secretory proteins with signal peptides secreted from esophageal gland cells were identified as putative effectors, three of which were preliminarily examined using a PVX (pGR107)-based high-throughput transient plant expression system in Nicotiana benthamiana (N. benthamiana). Results showed that these candidate proteins suppressed the programmed cell death (PCD) triggered by the pro-apoptosis protein BAX, and one protein also caused necrosis, suggesting that they might suppress plant immune responses to promote pathogenicity. In conclusion, the current study provides comprehensive insight into the transcriptome of M. enterolobii for the first time and lays a foundation for further investigation and biological control strategies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":2310557,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2513335676","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17091442","PubMedCentral":"5037721","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1422-0067\/17\/9\/1442\/pdf?version=1472713832","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this study, the residual stresses in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and a fiber reinforced polyethylene was measured using an x-ray stress measurement technique. There have been few reports published of residual stress investigations in polymeric materials by x-ray stress measurements based on conventional x-ray reflection methods. There are two problems associated with this measurement. Firstly, the diffraction peaks of the polymer appear in the low 2\u03b8 angle region and therefore the measurement accuracy for strains reduces. Secondly, the low 2\u03b8 angle region makes it extremely difficult to use the sin2\u03c8 method. In the present study we tried to use a transmission method for measuring the residual stress in HDPE samples to resolve these problems. The HDPE sample is shaped into thin sheets which have the three kinds of crystallinity degrees. The measured data is fitted with a good linear regression line in a 2\u03b8-sin2\u03c8 diagram and the gradient of the regression line corresponded to the applied stress. On the other hand, the results of the residual stress measurement are deeply associated with degrees of the crystallinity in the HDPE material. The quantitative estimation of crystallinity degrees in the HDPE material was accomplished by a sink-float method. The residual stress distributions were discussed between micro-residual stresses in the crystal phase of HDPE with the amorphous phase of it. Finally, x-ray elastic constant (XEC) of HDPE was estimated and the residual stresses in the fiber reinforced polyethylene was also measured by use of this XEC parameter.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":137176756,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2038001833","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1299\/JMMP.4.1178","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"On January 26, 1972, Vesna Vulovi\u0107 fell from an exploding airplane onto a frozen mountainside in northern Czechoslovakia\u2014and survived. The 33,330 feet physical downfall of the Serbian flight attendant is registered in the Guinness Book of Records as the highest free fall a human has lived through. The reason her JAT Flight 367 exploded that day remains unknown. The local investigation committee claimed there had been a bomb planted by a Croatian nationalist group. Soon afterwards, the Yugoslav government singled out the criminals as the fascist terrorist organization Usta\u0161e, though the group had been dormant since the end of World War II. In recent years, some journalists concluded that the plane was shot down by mistake by the Czechoslovak Air Force\u2014a claim that the Czech Civilian Aviation Authority immediately dismissed as a conspiracy theory. The reason Vesna survived is as controversial as the cause of explosion. Nevertheless, there is a simple explanation for why she fell from the sky, thanks to Sir Isaac Newton: gravity was at work.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":57569661,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2346639081","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1162\/PAJJ_a_00315","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"While specific applications of critical realism to ethnography are few, theoretical developments are promising and await more widespread development. This is especially the case for progressive and critical forms of ethnography that strive to be, in critical realist terms, an \"emancipatory science.\" However, the history of ethnography reveals that both the field and its emancipatory potential are limited by methodological tendencies toward \"na\u00efve realism\" and \"relativism.\" This is the antimony of ethnography. The conceptual and methodological origins of ethnography are grounded in the historical tensions between anti-naturalist Kantian idealism and hyper-naturalist Humean realism. The resolution of these tensions can be found in the conceptual resources of critical realism. Working from, and building upon, the work of British philosopher Roy Bhaskar, critical realism is a movement in the philosophy of science that transcends the limits of Kantian idealism and Humean realism via an emancipatory anti-positivist naturalism. Critical realism emerged as part of the post-positivist movement of the late 1960s and early 1970s. From its Marxian origins, critical realism insists that all science, including the social sciences, must be emancipatory. At its essence, this requires taking ontology seriously. The call of critical realism to ethnographers, like all social scientists, is that while they must hold to epistemological caution this does not warrant ontological shyness. Furthermore, critical realism's return to ontology implies that ethnographers must be ethically serious. Ethnography, if it is to hold to its progressive inclinations, must be about something. Critical realism for ethnography pushes the field to see itself as more than a sociological practice. Rather, it is to be understood as a social practice for something: the universalizing of human freedom.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":210530424,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2983817510","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/acrefore\/9780190264093.013.543","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Teeth are good indicators of environmental exposure to heavy metals and of nutritional status. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to compare the content of trace elements in primary and permanent teeth. For this purpose, primary teeth were collected from 64 children and 112 permanent teeth were collected from 40- to 60-year-old adults. The data were assessed statistically using t-tests. We found that, in comparison to primary teeth, permanent teeth contained significantly higher concentrations of Na, Mg, Al, Fe, Ni, Cu, Sr, Cd, Ba, Pb and U and significantly lower concentrations of Mn, Co, As, Se, Mo and Bi. In addition, a comparison of the concentrations of trace elements in the pulps of individuals with healthy vs. carious teeth showed that the mean concentrations of Na, Al, Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ag, Bi and U were lower in those with carious teeth. However, the concentrations of Mg, Cd and Pb in the pulps were higher in individuals with carious teeth than in those with healthy teeth.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":37619303,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2185345658","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Identifying the geological forms of channels, faults and boundaries of reservoirs on the basis of well-tests or production history is a tricky problem for oil reservoir engineering. Analytical interpretation models of well-tests are used in simple cases. In multiphase cases or those which present a certain degree of geometrical complexity, it becomes necessary to use fluid flow simulation models. In this article, we intend to solve a problem of form inversion associated with a two-phase oil-water flow model in which the aim is to identify the form and the position of geological bodies in a hydrocarbon reservoir with production data match. In identifying the form, two problems generally occur: the choice of representation of geometrical forms and the calculation of sensitivities. To calculate the gradients, mesh perturbation techniques exist in fields where finite elements are commonly used. In the context of structured meshes often used in reservoir simulation, the application of such mesh perturbation techniques is difficult. The method suggested is based on the calculation of sensitivities on the continuous problem in relation to the geometry of the various geological bodies. Such a geometry is defined through triangulation. The adjustment parameters are the triangulation nodes and the gradients of tthe objective function are calculated in relation to the displacement of such nodes. An optimization algorithm coupled with a polyphase flow simulator has been developed. It takes into account the geometrical constraints of the adjustment parameters and guarantees the regularity of the forms obtained. Several laboratory applications have been carried out. With the help of calibrated production data this leads to a better characterization of the form, the size and the position of the sedimentary bodies in particular: reservoir boundaries, position and size of the faults and thickness and width of the channels.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":12646126,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2132757397","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2516\/OGST:1999001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Motivated by the random Lorentz gas, we study deterministic walks in random environment and show that (in simple, yet relevant, cases) they can be reduced to a class of random walks in random environment where the jump probability depends (weakly) on the past. In addition, we prove few basic results (hopefully the germ of a general theory) on the latter, purely probabilistic, model.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":119619741,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3087868943","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1214\/19-aop1421","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1804.11114"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/projecteuclid.org\/journals\/annals-of-probability\/volume-48\/issue-5\/Deterministic-walks-in-random-environment\/10.1214\/19-AOP1421.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The medical knowledge-flow has moved on from the conventional classrooms to virtual classrooms and flip classrooms.Many academicians in past have tried to innovate in the area of medical education to keep up with the ever increasing gap between quality of medical education and recommended teaching learning methods. Authors accessed various medical databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Scopus, Index Copernicus to find out the research studies undertaken in pharmacology education in India during last 5 years (2012-2017). It was found that the researchers from India have implemented various novel and diverse teaching-learning methods such as crossword puzzles, 'E-learning' modules, active learning modules, prelecture assignments, poetry , casebased learning (CBL), role-plays, seminars, etc. to arouse interest in the subject and knowledge retention. There were research projects focused on assessment including development of blue printing, and implementation of OSPE, structured oral examinations, etc. Review articles attracted attention to the prevailing, pan-India confusion regarding use of animals for demonstrations and examinations for pharmacology . Evaluation of pharmacological programmes reported additions or alterations that are needed to be made pertaining to the objectives, teaching methodologies, assessment strategies of the current undergraduate and postgraduate pharmacology curriculum. Medical educators have tried, at institutional level, to innovate and incorporate relevant changes to the teaching methodologies, assessment and curriculum. However,these efforts are individual and not comprehensive. Systematic and robust research programs are warranted to identify and address the lacunae\/deficiencies in present pharmacology curriculum implementation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":79865747,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2769318954","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.16943\/PTINSA\/2017\/49240","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The recent attention paid to reseller-supplier relationships in the marketing literature focuses heavily on both economic and social dependence to explain market exchange and the building and maintaining of channel relationships. This dual focus evolved as researchers began to realize that marketing decisions which were based solely on traditional, economic principles undermined the potentially powerful effects of interpersonal channel relationships, and often resulted in exchanges rife with social problems, inefficiencies, and premature termination (Granovetter, 1985). The social aspects of channel relationships--in conjunction with economic motivations--have proven not only invaluable to long-term, marketing success (Anita and Frazier, 2001; Grewal and Dharwadkar, 2002), but also have provided a foundation for solidarity and win-win business solutions (cf., Anderson and Narus, 1990; Frazier and Rody, 1991). So why, despite overwhelming support for solidifying effective channels of distribution using both economic and social inducements, do many buyer-seller relationships still interdict the effects of social reasoning and thereby base the strength of relations primarily on economic issues? The literature credits economic dependence, arguing that self-interest dominates channel decisions (e.g., Heide and John, 1988; Wathne et al., 2001; Wathne and Heide, 2000). Our research aims to shed new light on the attitudes toward and nature of asymmetrically dependent reseller--supplier relationships. We investigate an important social characteristic of these relationships-reseller perceptions of supplier benevolence. Based on self-interest inherent in transaction cost analysis (TCA), we test the notion that in channel settings where small resellers work with several economically stronger suppliers, self-interest, rather than affective attachment (or detachment), drives the future of the relationships (cf., Anita and Frazier, 2001). Unlike previous marketing channels studies that focus on economic dependence by isolating a single dyadic relationship, the current research expands the single dyad perspective to include multiple, simultaneous dyadic asymmetric relationships. By taking a multi-partner approach to channel relationships, we offer a more valid perspective of how small businesses respond to their asymmetric dependent positions, and interpret the social characteristics of specific relationships. We chose an extreme market situation to study in order to draw the underlying relationships into clear view. Based on extant literature, we contend that (1) reseller economic dependence will affect reseller assessments of relatively powerful suppliers and (2) reseller perceptions of supplier benevolence will mediate these assessments. In the following section, we review the relevant literature and subsequently develop our model and establish hypotheses. Next, we describe the study's setting, present our measures, and empirically test the conceptual model. After discussing our findings, we conclude with managerial and theoretical implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research. LITERATURE REVIEW Economic Dependence Economic dependence reflects a channel partner's economic reliance on and evaluation of economic opportunities provided by another member of the channel (Frazier, 1983; El-Ansary and Stern, 1972). According to a \"midget reseller--giant supplier perspective,\" when customer loyalty follows supplier brands in consumer-driven, branded markets, survival of small resellers often hinge on a reseller's ability to forge economic relations with a limited number of relatively powerful, self-interest-seeking suppliers. In such cases, resellers need the specific suppliers more than the suppliers need any one reseller. We refer to a relationship where an economic power advantage exists as asymmetric economic dependence. TCA and dependence theory provide the rationale for why midget resellers yield to the demands of relatively powerful suppliers, and continue in relationships despite skepticism toward supplier self-interest motives (Heide and John, 1988; Wathne and Heide, 2001). \u2026","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":2,"2015-11":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":151127058,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"103607187","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In various adaptive estimation applications, the unknown channel is characterized by an impulse response which consists of extended regions of negligible response or 'inactivity'. We consider the LMS estimation of a channel that may be well approximated by an FIR (filter) model with only a few nonzero tap coefficients within a given delay horizon or tap length n. When the number of nonzero tap coefficients m is small compared to the delay horizon n, the performance of the LMS estimator is greatly enhanced when this specific structure is exploited. We propose a consistent algorithm that performs identification of nonzero taps only.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":61021061,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1649822564","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ISIT.1995.531325","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Prewitt and Associates, Inc. conducted testing and data recovery investigations at five archeological sites in the city of New Braunfels, in Comal County, Texas. The work was done in August and September 2005 for the Lower Colorado River Authority (LCRA) for its Clear Springs Autotransformer Project, which involves the replacement of high-voltage electrical transmission towers through the New Braunfels area. A transmission tower location at prehistoric site 41CM286, located on an upland ridge overlooking the Guadalupe River, was investigated with a shovel test. Deposits were limited to 10 cm overlying bedrock limestone. In a preliminary report, the site was recommended to be potentially eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (National Register) and for designation as State Archeological Landmarks (SAL), but it was recommended that no additional investigations were necessary because the shallow deposits at the tower location contained no significant archeological deposits. A transmission tower location at prehistoric site 41CM287, located in an alluvial floodplain of a tributary to the Guadalupe River, was investigated using a shovel test to 105 cm and hand augering to 190 cm. Although prehistoric remains were encountered, the deposits were extensively disturbed. In a preliminary report, the site was recommended to be potentially eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places (National Register) and for designation as State Archeological Landmarks (SAL), and it was recommended that the transmission tower location could be drilled if monitored by an archeologist. Historic archival and oral history research was conducted for 41CM288, which consists of a historic trash dump and brick incinerator building with a tall smokestack. The site is on the Comal County Fairgrounds in New Braunfels, and research indicates that the city built the incinerator in the 1930s for disposal of urban household garbage. Archeological monitoring of the drill hole excavation at the LCRA tower location revealed that the trash deposits date to the early to middle 20th century and are associated with the city incinerator. In a preliminary report, the trash dump component was recommended to be not eligible for listing in the National Register or for designation as a SAL. The incinerator building and smokestack are in very good condition, but they will not be impacted by the LCRA project. A complete National Register and SAL assessment of the incinerator would require additional archival research to provide a historic contextual framework. Archeological testing was done at the Comal Power Plant site (41CM25) and the Landa Park Golf Course site (41CM167), both located on the broad Holocene alluvial terrace of the Comal River. At each site, the testing was expanded into a 2x2-m excavation block to constitute data recovery at the proposed tower location. Both sites contain deep, stratified deposits indicative of prehistoric base camp activities spanning from the Middle Archaic through Late Prehistoric periods. In a preliminary report, it was recommended that both sites are eligible for listing in the National Register and for designation as SALs, but that the excavations constituted mitigation of construction impacts. Three prehistoric components were identified within 150 cm of alluvial deposits at 41CM25, and three prehistoric components were identified within 190 cm of alluvial deposits at 41CM167. These components are defined, somewhat arbitrarily, as Archaic I, Archaic II, and Late Prehistoric, and these units are not correlated between the sites. Hand auger cores provided samples down to 330 cm at 41CM167, but these sparse cultural materials are not assigned to an analytical unit. The diagnostic artifacts recovered from 41CM25 are bone-tempered pottery and points typed as Early Triangular, Marcos, Montell, Pedernales, Perdiz, and reworked Andice. The diagnostic artifacts recovered from 41CM167 are Early Triangular, Edgewood, and Perdiz points. The cultural deposits at both sites span a long period of time and represent materials accumulated on a slowly aggrading xii surface. Both sites have some evidence of mixing of deposits or cultural reuse of older materials. No samples suitable for radiocarbon dating were recovered from 41CM25, so the ages of components there are not well defined. Four charcoal radiocarbon dates for 41CM167 demonstrate that 330 cm of alluvium was deposited within at least the last 4,500 years. The Late Prehistoric components at both sites probably represent Toyah phase occupations, and there seems to be an Early Triangular component at 41CM167. The cultural affiliations of the other components are less certain. All of the archeological and historic investigations for sites 41CM25, 41CM167, 41CM286, 41CM287, and 41CM288 were previously described in a preliminary report, and the LCRA and Texas Historical Commission concurred with the recommendations stated above. The construction of transmission towers has since been completed at all of the investigated sites, and the drill hole excavations were monitored to provide additional archeological and geological data. It is recommended that the testing and data recovery investigations mitigate the construction effects for LCRA's Clear Springs Autotransformer Project, and no further work is recommended for any of these sites in response to the Clear Springs Autotransformer Project.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":227585778,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2991889442","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21112\/ita.2006.1.25","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21112\/ita.2006.1.25","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this work we consider the problem of automatically designing a penetration test plan that can be executed remotely, without prior knowledge of the target machine or network. We develop a methodology for generating and executing remote testing plans that takes into account the uncertainty of using remote tools both to gain knowledge of the system and to provide the penetration testing actions. Our solution provides automated generation of multi-step penetration test plans that are robust to uncertainty during execution. We tackle this problem by making use of modeling techniques from partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs). We automate this process by taking advantage of efficient solutions for solving POMDPs, and further, automatically derive these models through automated access to vulnerability databases such as the national vulnerabilities database (NVD). We demonstrate our implemented solution on a series of example problems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":1413387,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The article concerns phraseological innovations in the language. Among them there are: winged words, paraphrases of well-known quotations, neologisms, funny interjections and sayings, we find here elements of a language game and transformation of phraseologies. This text includes an analysis of selected phraseological innovations - modifying the list of those that emerged in the issues raised by the protagonist of the series Ugly. The examples presented by me are correct innovations. Correct is defined as all that Violetta Kubasinska has intentionally made, e.g. emphasizing the specificity of a given situation, event, character, etc.; in contrast to erroneous innovations, which are equally numerous in the issues raised by the protagonist of the series.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":222825835,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3020941336","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this article, we explore duoethnography methodologically and turn to feminism and black feminism to create a space for productive, not destructive, dialectics. By examining the lyrics and backstories of the ice cream truck song, \"Dixie's Land,\" and \"Lift Every Voice and Sing,\" we problematize race, ethnicity, and gender as expressed in public and private spaces. Instead of conceptualizing these concepts as antagonistic, we turn to intersectionality and the third space to not only understand but also interstand the in-between. We piece together the tenants of duoethnography, black feminism, and feminism to highlight the gifts and challenges each offers the other. Through conversations of difference, this article emphasizes not mere tolerance but the value of differences from which \"creativity can spark like a dialectic\" (Lorde, 1984\/2007, p. 111).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":147423274,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2324832499","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1525\/IRQR.2015.8.1.49","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Electrospun scaffolds of poly(glycerol sebacate)\/poly(e-caprolactone) (PGS\/PCL) have been used for engineered tissues due to their desirable thermal and mechanical properties as well as their tunable degradability. In this paper, we fabricated micro-fibrous scaffolds from a composite of PGS\/PCL using a standard electrospinning method and coated them with silver (Ag). The low temperature coating method prevented substrate melting and the Ag coating decreases the pore size and increases the diameter of fibers which resulted in enhanced thermal and mechanical properties. We further compared the mechanical properties of the composite fibrous scaffolds with different thicknesses of Ag coated scaffolds. The composite fibrous scaffold with a 275 nm Ag coating showed higher tensile modulus (E) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) without any post-processing treatment. Lastly, potential controlled release of the Ag coating from the composite fibrous scaffolds could present interesting biomedical applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":102638220,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2728562413","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C6RA25151J","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"AIMS: To find out which children are treated with oral anticoagulants and how their treatment is controlled in the United Kingdom. METHODS: Two questionnaires were used. The first was sent to general haematologists and the other to paediatric cardiologists and cardiac surgeons. RESULTS: There were 273 (58%) replies to the first questionnaire. Most children were treated because of artificial cardiac valve replacement. The mean target International Normalised Ratio (INR) used was 2.73 to 4.0 for children with heart valves and 2.1 to 3.25 for children with venous thrombosis. The second questionnaire elicited replies from 11 of 22 cardiac centres. The mean target INR used for children with cardiac valves ranged from 2.59-3.77. Of 68 children covered in the survey, there have been two major bleeds and two thrombotic episodes: 78.8% of children were controlled with a venous prothrombin time and 21.2% with a capillary test. There was no consistency in the dose regimens used for the induction of oral anticoagulant treatment with warfarin. CONCLUSIONS: The levels of anticoagulation used for maintenance are similar to those recommended by the British Society for Haematology for adults (3.0 to 4.5). They seem to be safe for children too.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":46428611,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2051482621","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/JCP.45.8.707","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"From the time of its birth in Mecca in the 7th century C.E., Islam and the Islamic world rapidly expanded outward, extending to Spain and West Africa in the west, and to Central Asia and the Indian Subcontinent in the east. An examination of the daily life in these Islamic regions provides insight into a civilized, powerful, and economically stable culture, where large metropolitan centers such as Damascus, Baghdad, and Cairo thrived in many areas, including intellectual and scientific inquiry. In contrast with medieval Europe, there is little common knowledge in the West of the culture and history of this vibrant world, as different from our own in terms of the political, religious, and social values it possessed, as it is similar in terms of the underlying human situation that supports such values. This book provides an intimate look into the daily life of the medieval Islamic world, and is thus an invaluable resource for students and general readers alike interested in understanding this world, so different, and yet so connected, to our own.\n Chapters include discussions of: the major themes of medieval Islamic history; Arabia, the world of Islamic origins; warfare and politics; the major cities of Damascus, Baghdad, and Cairo; religious rituals and worship; and a section on curious and entertaining information. Author James E. Lindsay further provides a focused look at the daily lives of urban Muslims during this time period, and of their interactions with Jews, Christians and other Muslims. Timelines, tables (including a calendar conversion to align the Islamic lunar and the Christian solar dates, and a dynastic table highlighting the major genealogies of the ancient ruling families), a bibliography, and a glossary of important dates and technical terms are also provided to assist the reader.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":153189009,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1510011246","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5040\/9798400637148","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Actual call connection time (ACCT) is the total time that a mobile user engages in communications over a wireless network during a call connection. Due to limited network resources of wireless mobile networks, a call connection may be prematurely disconnected and the ACCT for the call in general may not be the same as the requested call connection time (RCCT). The ACCT depends not only on the RCCT, but also on the network resource allocation scheme and network traffic. We characterize the ACCT and related performance metrics for wireless mobile networks under a newly proposed general channel allocation scheme. This scheme generalizes the nonprioritized scheme, the reserved channel scheme, the queueing priority scheme and the subrating scheme in such a way as to reduce the blocking probability of the handoff calls while keeping the ACCT as long as possible. Explicit formulae for the distribution and the expectation of the ACCT are obtained. The call completion probability, the call drop probability, and the average actual call connection times for both the complete calls and the incomplete calls are derived. The results can form the basis for designing better billing rate schemes by differentiating incomplete calls and complete calls.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-06":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":3352018,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2169330193","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2002.804191","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A series of three-dimensional laboratory experiments on beach nourishment behavior are described and analyzed. The experiments were designed to isolate the influences of berm height, beachfill median grain size, wave height, and wave period. The results have not been scaled up to prototype conditions, but many features of the laboratory evolution have also been observed in previous field studies. Laboratory results indicate that beachfill half-life (time required for half of the added volume to leave the nourished footprint) is inversely correlated with wave height, and positively correlated with berm height. A weak positive correlation with grain size was found. The influence of wave period was inconclusive. A coupled model describing the effects of both longshore and cross-shore sediment transport was developed and applied. The model accounts for the rapid loss of nourishment material offshore via cross-shore sediment transport, followed by a more gradual redistribution up- and downcoast of the project ...","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":131231980,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2133413470","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1061\/(ASCE)0733-950X(2008)134:1(30)","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The touchscreen is something other than a boundary between real and illusory worlds, or what Anne Friedberg (2009) calls a \"virtual window\" (p. 96). The aesthetics of that 'something else' is not determined by the technology itself, but by its use in a myriad of cultural practices including how it is represented as a commodity and an experience. This article examines the representation of touchscreen technology following the release of the iPhone in 2007, comparing a Nine Inch Nails rock concert and Blackberry commercial from 2008 with Bjork's album\/app Biophilia and an American Express advertisement from 2011. Comparing these media experiences reveals a representational shift that occurs between the introduction of the touchscreen and the cultural integration of this technology just three years later. A focus on breaking through the frame of the screen shifts into screen interfaces as the building blocks for the virtual construction of \"hybrid space\" (De Souza e Silva, 2006).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":149283449,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2756666796","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21659\/RUPKATHA.V9N3.02","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background\nLung cancer screening (LCS) via chest computed tomography (CT) scans can save lives by identifying early-stage tumors. However, most smokers die of comorbid smoking-related diseases. LCS scans contain information about smoking-related conditions that is not currently systematically assessed. Identifying these common comorbid diseases on CT could increase the value of screening with minimal impact on LCS programs. We determined the prevalence of 3 comorbid diseases from LCS eligible scans and quantified related adverse outcomes.\n\n\nMethods\nWe studied COPD Genetic Epidemiology study (COPDGene\u00ae) participants (n=4078) who met criteria for LCS screening at enrollment (age > 55 years, and < 80 years, > 30 pack years smoking, current smoker or former smoker within 15 years of smoking cessation). CT scans were assessed for coronary artery calcification (CAC), emphysema, and vertebral bone density. We tracked the following clinically significant events: myocardial infarctions (MIs), strokes, pneumonia, respiratory exacerbations, and hip and vertebral fractures.\n\n\nResults\nOverall, 77% of eligible CT scans had one or more of these diagnoses identified. CAC (> 100 mg) was identified in 51% of scans, emphysema in 44%, and osteoporosis in 54%. Adverse events related to the underlying smoking-related diseases were common, with 50% of participants reporting at least one. New diagnoses of cardiovascular disease, emphysema and osteoporosis were made in 25%, 7% and 46%, of participants respectively. New diagnosis of disease was associated with significantly more adverse events than in participants who did not have CT diagnoses for both osteoporosis and cardiovascular risk.\n\n\nConclusions\nExpanded analysis of LCS CT scans identified individuals with evidence of previously undiagnosed cardiovascular disease, emphysema or osteoporosis that corresponded with adverse events. LCS CT scans can potentially facilitate diagnoses of these smoking-related diseases and provide an opportunity for treatment or prevention.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":198495968,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2963902266","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15326\/jcopdf.6.3.2018.0142","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/journal.copdfoundation.org\/Portals\/0\/JCOPDF\/Files\/Volume6-Issue3\/JCOPDF-2018-0142-Regan.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Measurements of the rate of growth of Sporotrichum carnis on Czapek9s agar indicate that: 1. The optimum temperature for growth is at 25\u00b0 C. 2. Growth can take place at 30\u00b0 C., but is restricted and unusual shapes are produced by the thickening of the germ tubes. 3. Fairly good, though slow, growth was obtained at - 5\u00b0 C. on supercooled agar, and growth also took place at - 7\u00b0 C. on supercooled agar. There are indications, however, that growth is somewhat restrained at - 5\u00b0 C.; the germ-tubes become thicker and curl more readily than at higher temperatures. 4. In no case was growth observed on frozen agar during the periods of incubation of the slides--up to two months. 5. A curve is given showing the relation between temperature and rate of growth during the logarithmic phase. The form of the curve suggests that growth on supercooled agar becomes infinitely slow at - 10\u00b0 C. 6. Application of the Arrhenius-van9t Hoff equation to the results obtained is considered. The author wishes to express his thanks to Dr G. S. Graham-Smith, F.R.S., for his interest in this work.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":37933527,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2343528978","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Inspired by the breakthrough of three-dimensional hybrid perovskite CH3NH3PbI3, two-dimensional (2D) layered organic\u2013inorganic halide perovskites are emerging as another promising class of hybrid materials for optoelectronic devices, such as photodetectors fabricated on lead halide perovskites. However, the majority of such 2D materials exhibit photosensitivity to visible light, while few candidates have been reported to exhibit visible-blind ultraviolet (UV) photoelectric response. Here, we present a new hybrid material, (1,4-butyldiammonium)CdBr4 (1), in which the corner-sharing CdBr6 octahedra construct the 2D perovskite-type inorganic frameworks. The optical bandgap (Eg) of 1 is estimated to be \u223c3.45 eV. Particularly, 1 shows spectral-selective photoconductivity, that is, it is sensitive to UV-light illumination below 360 nm but almost blind to the standard visible light (above 400 nm), disclosing the potential of 1 for visible-blind ultraviolet photodetection. Further theoretical analyses of its electronic structure and energy gap disclose that the inorganic perovskite architecture dominates the optical bandgap. It is believed that this work provides a potential route for the design and fabrication of new 2D hybrid perovskite materials with a UV photoelectric response.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":139315186,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2884727824","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C8QI00551F","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Cancer is one of the main causes of death in developed countries and it is estimated to become the same worldwide, with prostate cancer being the fourth most common type in the world population. The study of nanovesicles, called exosomes, with approximately 50-100 nm in diameter, which have a lipid bilayer that can carry molecules such as RNA, DNA, proteins, and lipids, have been shown to play an important role in carcinogenesis. Thus, this work aimed to analyze the action of tumor cell nanovesicles on normal cells, for a better understanding of the prostate cancer pathogenesis. Therefore, nanovesicles were isolated from the supernatant of LNCaP, PC3 and RWPE-1cell lines, using ultracentrifugation methodology and characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Nanovesicles were incubated with 3D-cultured prostate epithelial cells. The expression of CD133, c-myc, Oct4 and SOX2 genes were analyzed by the qPCR technique. The results obtained proved that nanovesicles can significantly alter the expression of cancer-related genes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":55158271,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2788428382","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Analysis based on aggregated data is referred to as ecological analysis and the discrepancy arising when the analysis based on area level gives conclusion very different from expected relationship at unit level is termed as ecological fallacy. It is for this reason that census data are under-utilized for the exploration of cause and effect relationship. The uses of aggregate data from the census are confined to projection,estimation of rates, trend analysis and compositional changes. The three sources of ecologic fallacy pertain to situations where there is some form of group effect. This includes situations where there is a failure to distinguish constructs at different levels (e.g., mean group X is assumed to measure the same thing and individual-level X), where something about the groups is associated with individual-level predictors of the outcomes (mean group X is associated with other individual-level factors related to Y), or where some social process results in the grouping of persons by the dependent variable. This paper describes statistical technique which can be adopted for macro level analysis by decomposing variance under multilevel regression model.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":55606003,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2460925761","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper discusses how the Indonesian Sunni Muslim leader Abdurrahman Wahid and the Iranian Shiite Muslim leader Ayatollah Khomeini responded to the debate about the relationship between Islam and the state. Their responses impacted on the struggle of Indonesian and Iranian Muslims in considering the ideological basis of Indonesian and Iranian states. On the one hand, Wahid with his educational and social background and Indonesian political context rejected the concept of an Islamic state. He did not agree with the formalization of Islamic sharia. To implement his idea, he promoted the idea of Pribumisasi Islam. For Wahid, islamization was not arabization. Khomeini, on the other hand, believed that Islam is a religion that has complete laws and way of life including social rules. According to Khomeini, to effectively implement these rules, Muslims need to have executive power. In Khomeini's view, when the Quran calls for Muslims to obey Allah, the messenger, and ulil amri, this means that Allah instructs Muslims to create an Islamic state. To realise his views, Khomeini proposed the doctrine of Velayat-e al Faqeeh. Thus, different religious-political contexts of these two leaders contributed to their different responses to the relationship between Islam and the state.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":226785444,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3036990156","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15575\/jassr.v1i1.5","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Individuals who do not develop opioid dependence although they have access to opioids might differ with regard to psychiatric risk factors from opioid-exposed subjects who developed opioid dependence. To test this assumption, the present investigation compared individuals who were in jail due to the German \"Dangerous Drugs Act\" (i. e. particular risk group due to facilitated opioid availability) according to presence or absence of opioid dependence and psychiatric comorbidity in each group. This study design is in line with the assumption that in addition to the (postulated) environmental risk factor of facilitated availability of opioids, psychiatric risk factors enhance the likelihood for the development of opioid dependence. Opioid addicts represent a risk group, not only for other forms of substance dependence, but also psychiatric disorders like anxiety disorders, suicide attempts and specific forms of personality disorders. However the difference between opioid dependent subjects and non-opioid dependent controls was less marked than initially postulated. Alcoholism of non-opioid dependent prisoners also was associated with depressive episodes, anxiety disorders as well as cocaine dependence. Despite the high frequency of life-time psychiatric comorbidity in the opioid dependent sample, this increased comorbidity was not paralleled by psychiatric treatment. In general, the sample of prisoners investigated here, was characterized by a high frequency of psychiatric disorders including substance dependence.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":6322482,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"First book to explore business systems across the entire region from India to Japan Positioned within \"Varieties of Capitalism\" (VoC) and \"comparative business systems\" approach Up-to-date empirical analyses of Asian business systems Allows comparative approach to the region to identify similarities and differences in the region, and implications for theory and practice Much of the existing literature within the \" (VOC) and \" fields of research is heavily focused on Europe, Japan, and the Anglo-Saxon nations. As a result, the field has yet to produce a detailed empirical picture of the institutional structures of most Asian nations and to explore to what extent existing theory applies to the Asian context. The Oxford Handbook of Asian Business Systems aims to address this imbalance by exploring the shape and consequences of institutional variations across the political economies of different societies within Asia. Drawing on the deep knowledge of 31 leading experts, this book presents an empirical, comparative institutional analysis of 13 major Asian business systems between India and Japan. To aid comparison, each country chapter follows the same consistent outline. Complementing the country chapters are eleven contributions examining major themes across the region in comparative perspective and linking the empirical picture to existing theory on these themes. A further three chapters provide perspectives on the influence of history and institutional change. The concluding chapters spell out the implications of all these chapters for scholars in the field and for business practitioners in Asia.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":131263151,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2282544529","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/OXFORDHB\/9780199654925.013.015","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The natural and artificial aging responses of wrought and SSM-HPDC alloy 6082 are compared. It is shown that the heat treatment response of this Al-Mg-Si alloy is not influenced by differences in microstructures produced by different processing routes. Wrought alloy 6082 is known to experience an unfavourable effect of prior natural aging on the subsequent artificial aging response, which was also found for SSM-HPDC 6082 in this study. The tensile properties of SSM-HPDC 6082-T6 agree well with those specified for wrought 6082-T6, except for a much lower ductility of the SSM-HPDC variant.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":136896282,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1997582647","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.690.242","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The author reviewed 420 adults treated with surgery for traumatic palsy of the brachial plexus. The results of 105 patients (25%) who suffered plexus injury behind or beyond the clavicula are presented. In 69 patients, lesions affected secondary trunks and in the other 36 affected terminal branches. Simultaneous fractures or vascular injuries were not uncommon and often influenced overall prognosis. Decision criteria for nerve grafting or neurolysis are presented. Surgery is generally performed three weeks to six months after injury. Most patients present extensive damage due to traction lesions. Although secondary sutures can be performed on some injuries, nerve grafting is usually necessary. Such a procedure depends on the length of the gap and the quality of surrounding tissues. Among distal lesions a distinction must be made between (a) injuries located close to effectors on axillary, suprascapular, musculocutaneous, or radial nerves where good recovery can be expected in 70% to 80% of grafted patients and (b) injuries involving lateral or medial cords or the median or ulnar nerves far from effectors, where results are less satisfactory. Sixty percent of such patients recovered wrist flexion but no intrinsic muscle function in the hand. Reinnervation nevertheless generally provided a protection sensibility particularly in the area controlled by the median nerve. Multiple injuries may occur, mainly posterior cord lesions combined with lesions of the musculocutaneous, median, or ulnar nerves. The overall prognosis of infraor retroclavicular plexus injuries is nevertheless better than that of supraclavicular lesions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":214648828,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract This study deals with the morphology-pragmatics interface in Modern Greek compounding. The object of investigation are 64 compounds explicitly marked for stance. It is shown that the linking of denotational (semantic and\/or categorial) and socioexpressive (pragmatic) heads defines the different classes of compounds in a highly restrictive manner. The threefold negative socio-expressive structure of the verbal derivatives in -(i)\u00e1z(o) shows up in the compounds as well. It is concluded that, in both verbal derivation and compounding, the morphology-pragmatics interface recruits specific denotational structures for its expression.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":145415894,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2089916767","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1515\/psicl-2015-0002","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Teicoplanin is a glycoside antibiotic which consists of five closely related glycopeptide antibiotics with similar antibacterial properties to vancomycin that were first isolated in 1976. Teicoplanin is active against many gram-positive anaerobe microorganisms and is particularly potent against clostridium species. It is also active against most Listeria, enterococci and staphylococci including methicillin-resistant strains. Nonviridans and viridans streptococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and enterococci are inhibited by teicoplanin. Teicoplanin has been used to treat a wide variety of infections, including osteomyelitis and endocarditis caused by methicillin-resistant and methicillinsusceptible staphylococci, streptococci, and enterococci. Teicoplanin has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to vancomycin, but teicoplanin has some advantages in that it only needs to be given once a day, does not need to be given as slowly as vancomycin and can be given by intramuscular injection. Teicoplanin cannot be given by mouth. Teicoplanin is excreted unchanged in the urine. The half-life of teicoplanin is 100 hours in adults and 2 1\/2 days in children. Teicoplanin has a large distribution volume and long half-life and a loading dose is recommended. In infants, the loading dose of teicoplanin is 16 mg\/kg administered intravenously followed by 8 mg\/kg once daily. The target trough concentration of teicoplanin ranges from 15 to 30 \u00b5g\/ml. The incidence of hepatic dysfunction, renal impairment and thrombocytopenia is 14.8%, 20%, and 14%, respectively, when the serum teicoplanin concentrations range from < 20 \u00b5g\/ml and \u2265 20 \u00b5g\/ml. The aim of this study is to review the effects and the pharmacokinetics of teicoplanin in neonates.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":56437736,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2527760114","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22038\/IJP.2016.7629","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Aims. We investigate the cosmological growth of dark halos and follow the consequences of coeval growth for the accretion history of associated supermassive black holes. Methods. The Press-Schechter approximation is used to obtain an analytic expression for the mean rate of growth of dark matter halos. Dark halo accretion rates are compared with numerical work and the consequences for understanding AGN evolution are described. Results. The mean accretion rate onto dark matter halos is shown to have a simple analytic form that agrees with previous numerical work and that may easily be calculated for a wide range of halo mass, redshift and cosmological parameters. The result offers a significant improvement over published fitting formulae deduced from merger trees. We then consider the growth of associated supermassive black holes, and make a basic test of the simple hypothesis of \"Pure Coeval Evolution\" (PCE) in which, on average, black hole growth tracks dark halo growth. We demonstrate that both the absolute value of the integrated AGN bolometric luminosity density and its cosmological evolution derived from hard X-ray surveys are well-reproduced by PCE. Excellent agreement is found at , although the observed luminosity density drops by a factor 2 compared with PCE by z=0: black hole growth appears to decouple from halo growth at low redshifts, and this may be related to the phenomenon of \"cosmic downsizing\". Overall, AGN evolution appears either to be caused by or to be closely linked to the slow-down in the growth of cosmic structure. We also discuss the mean Eddington ratio averaged over all galaxies, which is predicted to show strong evolution to higher values with redshift","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":14054714,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1967567355","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1051\/0004-6361:20064945","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"astro-ph\/0608202"},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.aanda.org\/articles\/aa\/pdf\/2006\/43\/aa4945-06.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of non-descructive enluation (NDE) is to acquire knowledge of the investigated sample. Digital x-ray imaging techniques such as radiography or computerised tomography (CI) produce images of the interior of a sample. The obtained image quality determines the possibility of detecting sample, \u00b7elated features, e.g. details and flaws. this thesis presents a method of optinllsing the performance of industrial X-ray equipment for the imaging task at issue in order to obtain images with high quality.CT produces maps of the X-ray linear attenuation of the sample's interior. CT can produce two-dimensional cross-section images or three-dimensional images with volumetric information on the investigated sample. The image contrast and noise depend on both the investig-Ated sample and the equipment and settings used (X-ray tube potential, X-ray filtration, exposure time, etc.). Hence, it is vital to find the optimal equipment settings in order to obtain images of high quality.To be able to mathematically optimise the image guality, it is necessary to have a model of the X-ray imaging system together with an appropriate measure of image quality. The optimisation is performed with a developed model for an X-ray image-intensifier-based radiography system. The model predicts the mean value and variance of the measured signal level in the collected radiographic images. The traditionally used measure of physical image guality is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To calculate the signal-to-noise ratio, a well-defined detail (flaw) is required. It was found that maximising the SNR leads to ambiguities, the optimised settings found by maximising the SNR were dependent on the material in the detail. When CT is performed on irregular shaped samples containing density and compositional variations, it is difficult to define which SNR to use for optimisation. This difficulty is solved by the measures of physical image quality proposed here, the ratios geometry-sensitivity\/ noise, density-sensitivity\/noise, and mass attenuation-sensitivity\/noise. With these measures, a meiliod is presented that finds the optimal eguipment settings, where no improvement can be made without worsening at least one other sensitivity\/noise ratio.This thesis includes modelling and verification of the sharpness of the CT system in terms of the modulation transfer function, MTF. Together with the limiting perception factor and the maximised SNR, the detectability limits for any specific contrasting detail in the centre of a cylindrical sample can be determined. It is also demonstrated that the model can be used to suppress beam hardening when collecting CT-data. When homogeneous samples are imaged, the model can in addition be used to make post-processing corrections for suppressing the beam hardening artefacts.Wavelet-based local tomography has been found to produce images with good accuracy from projection data only from a small region in a sample. Tlus technique is demonstrated on thermal barrier coatings, which contain internal cracks. With optimised eguipment settings and geometrical magnification of a region in the sample, wavelet-based local tomography produced high-resolution images of excellent quality. The increased resolution reveals features in the microstructure that cannot be resolved wiili traditional CT. This technigue will be a useful tool for characterisation of the microstructure in advanced materials.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":106870972,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"616175615","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We provide an overview of the science benefits of combining information from the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). We first summarise the capabilities and timeline of the LSST and overview its science goals. We then discuss the science questions in common between the two projects, and how they can be best addressed by combining the data from both telescopes. We describe how weak gravitational lensing and galaxy clustering studies with LSST and SKA can provide improved constraints on the causes of the cosmological acceleration. We summarise the benefits to galaxy evolution studies of combining deep optical multi-band imaging with radio observations. Finally, we discuss the excellent match between one of the most unique features of the LSST, its temporal cadence in the optical waveband, and the time resolution of the SKA.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":52061502,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2622527029","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22323\/1.215.0145","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1501.03977"},"license":"CCBYNCSA","url":"https:\/\/pos.sissa.it\/215\/145\/pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The etiology of chronic rejection is most probably multifactorial. The common feature in all organ allografts undergoing chronic rejection is persistent perivascular inflammation and a concentric generalized arteriosclerosis affecting all first and second order intramural arteries. A hypothesis is presented that low-grade damage to endothelium induces the secretion of growth factors which, in turn, are responsible for smooth muscle cell replication and their influx into intima.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":264217044,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2465312716","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The scope of this article is to analyze the National Health Promotion Policy with respect to the implementation of core management priorities. Information contained in institutional documents, websites, books and published articles was consulted in order to analyze the actions implemented. There were advances in management, such as the creation of a specific budget line, insertion of the promotion in the Multi-Year Plan, monitoring of indicators of health promotion in the federal pacts, financing of health promotion projects in municipalities and the creation of health promotion programs. Evaluation of physical activity programs was conducted that revealed the effectiveness of the programs. Intersectorial actions taken were relevant, in particular coordination with the Education, Justice, Cities, Human Rights, Social Development, Sports and Leisure sectors, among others. Regulatory actions have been implemented such as the Drink and Drive ban and no smoking environments. Advances were observed, especially greater emphasis on health promotion in the health sector agenda as well as partnerships as intersectorial actions, identifying inequities in the area seeking reduction thereof, in addition to the sustainability of health promotion actions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":9621452,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1590\/1413-812320141911.07732014","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/www.scielo.br\/j\/csc\/a\/6CwVSjyyxwQhj8SMvYNrs9h\/?lang=pt&format=pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An alcoholic beverage called Urwagwa is a common and popular traditional Rwandese drink that is produced from banana juice supplemented with coarsely ground grilled sorghum. Due to limited information on how different sorghum concentration affected the physico-chemical characteristics of this traditional beverage, a study was carried out to investigate how varying this ingredient influenced the quality of the final product. Different levels of grilled coarsely ground sorghum (0%, 2%, 5%, 7%, 10% and 15%) were mixed with banana juice and natural fermentation allowed to take place in six separate fermenters for six days at room temperature (25\u00b0C). Four parameters; ethanol content, total soluble solids, pH and titratable acidity were monitored after every 24 hours for 144 hours. Results obtained at the end of fermentation indicated that the ethanol content in all fermenters ranged from 10-12% v\/v, total soluble solids 8.1-9.7\u00b0Brix, pH 4.0-4.7 and titratable acidity 0.6-0.9%. The highest fermentation rate was observed in fermenters containing ground grilled sorghum compared to the control (0% sorghum added).The highest total soluble solid at the completion of fermentation was found in banana beverage with zero percent of sorghum while the highest pH was generally found in fermenters with sorghum combinations. High titratable acidity was observed in fermenter with zero percent of sorghum. The concentration of 5% of ground grilled sorghum was found to result to the most desirable alcoholic banana beverage as it gave the highest yield of ethanol content and other biochemical parameters, as well as a more desirable flavor. Based on these findings, it could be recommended that the traditional Urwagwa brewers adopt the 5% of sorghum content in the production process in order to obtain a better quality and more acceptable alcoholic beverage.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":55997852,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2897599568","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5539\/JFR.V7N6P70","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Urban water infrastructure is increasingly expected to be resilient to change. To support such resilience goals of cities we propose an approach, which quantifies resilience based on observed or simulated system performance and a tolerable threshold of performance. The approach is demonstrated for the performance of urban drainage systems during storm events regarding their impact on receiving surface waters. The exemplary application underlines that resilience can be quantified and that it may support the understanding of system performance. Moreover, different disturbances (such as storm events or technical system failures) can be assessed separately or in combination. The presented approach is suggested as a starting point to be tested and developed further. In order to allow this development, all the functions used were joined in an R package and made freely available online.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":212684986,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Self\/non-self-discrimination by the innate immune system relies on germline-encoded, non-rearranging receptors expressed by innate immune cells recognizing conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) receptor is a potent immune-activating receptor that binds human genome-encoded ligands, whose expression is negligible in normal tissues, but increased in stress and disease conditions for reasons that are incompletely understood. Here it is not clear how the immune system reconciles receptor binding of self-proteins with self\/non-self-discrimination to avoid autoreactivity. We now report that increased expression of NKG2D ligands after virus infection depends on interferon response factors activated by the detection of viral double-stranded RNA by pattern-recognition receptors (RIG-I\/MDA-5) and that NKG2D ligand up-regulation can be blocked by the expression of viral dsRNA-binding proteins. Thus, innate immunity-mediated recognition of viral nucleic acids triggers the infected cell to release interferon for NK cell recruitment and to express NKG2D ligands to become more visible to the immune system. Finally, the observation that NKG2D-ligand induction is a consequence of signaling by pattern-recognition receptors that have been selected over evolutionary time to be highly pathogen-specific explains how the risks of autoreactivity in this system are minimized.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":5633237,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2761152050","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.818393","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We applied a numerical modeling of the solar energetic particle (SEP) event inside a magnetic cloud in the solar wind to analyze the 17-22 MeV proton flux anisotropy observed on 1998 May 2 with the Energetic and Relativistic Nuclei and Electron (ERNE) instrument on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), when SOHO was inside a magnetic cloud associated with a previous coronal mass ejection (CME). The analysis revealed a strong intermittency of the SEP transport parameters when different magnetic tubes were convected past the spacecraft. The estimated mean free path value varies over 1 order of magnitude, from ~2 to ~20 AU. The SEP event has been modeled with a prolonged injection of particles from a new CME into the previous ejecta comprising a set of magnetic loops. Both the prompt, direct proton flux and the delayed, counterstreaming flux were observed in the beginning and maximum phase of the event, but then the counterstreaming flux waned. The lack of counterstreaming protons can be explained either by the very fast escape of high-energy protons from the magnetic cloud, before they could complete one bounce in a narrow loop, or by the proton injection predominantly into one leg of a wide loop. An imprint of the magnetic compression at the leading part of the CME can be also found in the proton flux anisotropy data of SOHO\/ERNE. These findings illustrate how high-precision anisotropy measurements and a numerical modeling can provide a kind of probe for the CME structure.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":121615094,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2065140825","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1086\/509797","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/iopscience.iop.org\/article\/10.1086\/509797\/pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A standard approach in large scale machine learning is distributed stochastic gradient training, which requires the computation of aggregated stochastic gradients over multiple nodes on a network. Communication is a major bottleneck in such applications, and in recent years, compressed stochastic gradient methods such as QSGD (quantized SGD) and sparse SGD have been proposed to reduce communication. It was also shown that error compensation can be combined with compression to achieve better convergence in a scheme that each node compresses its local stochastic gradient and broadcast the result to all other nodes over the network in a single pass. However, such a single pass broadcast approach is not realistic in many practical implementations. For example, under the popular parameter server model for distributed learning, the worker nodes need to send the compressed local gradients to the parameter server, which performs the aggregation. The parameter server has to compress the aggregated stochastic gradient again before sending it back to the worker nodes. In this work, we provide a detailed analysis on this two-pass communication model and its asynchronous parallel variant, with error-compensated compression both on the worker nodes and on the parameter server. We show that the error-compensated stochastic gradient algorithm admits three very nice properties: 1) it is compatible with an \\emph{arbitrary} compression technique; 2) it admits an improved convergence rate than the non error-compensated stochastic gradient methods such as QSGD and sparse SGD; 3) it admits linear speedup with respect to the number of workers. The empirical study is also conducted to validate our theoretical results.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":155091459,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2946815927","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1905.05957"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, we describe a hybrid ZF-SD (zero-forcing and sphere decoding) algorithm. The basic idea is to reduce the dimensionality of decoding via pre-decoding and cancellation of those symbols that can be quickly and reliably detected. The proposed algorithm shows the BER performance similar to SD (sphere decoding) but with very lower computational complexity than SD","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":17081505,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2120822914","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/WICOM.2006.9","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"SIR,-The article by Dr John H Pearn on secondary drowning in children (25 October, p 1103) highlighted the potentially serious postimmersion respiratory condition which could occur in an apparently well child following a ncar-drowning incident. The subject of drowning is so poorly taught in the medical undergraduate curriculum that inexperienced casualty officers and general practitioners could easily be lulled into a sense of complacency when treating an apparently well victim. In 1978 18 children died of drowning aged under 15 years.' We would like to report our experience from this children's hospital. Between 1969 and 1979 22 children with a diagnosis of near-drowning were admitted to this hospital. When these case records were reviewed special attention was focused on the initial condition of the patients following rescue and the resuscitation attempts provided. There were 20 boys and two girls. Twelve children were less than 5 years of age; seven were 5-10 years, and two were older than 10 years. Twenty-one children suffered freshwater and one seawater drowning. In the freshwater drowning group four children were rescued from the public swimming pool and 14 from the river, and in two children the accident occurred in the bath tub. Prompt resuscitation was provided at the scene of the incident for 17 patients, and 16 children who were initially comatose regained consciousness. Tachypnoea (81 0, ) was the commonest presenting feature. None of the children required mechanical ventilation. One patient who was submerged for about 10 minutes but responded to resuscitation at the rescue site required high-concentration inspired oxygen because of hypoxaemia. All our children survived. Although most near-drowned children survive without any ill effects,2 an awareness of the condition of secondary drowning and the application of intensive cerebral resuscitation3 to severely near-drowned victims may further lower the incidence of neurological sequelae. Undoubtedly prevention remains the primary concern in attempting to reduce the incidence of drowning in children. K C CHIN P GALEA K M GOEL","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":220210256,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.281.6251.1351-c","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This thesis is about what the archaeology of the First World War has to offer for our understanding of this conflict. This type of archaeology is a relatively new one, dating back some 25 years. First World War Studies has earlier been in the domain of the historical scholars. Mainly because of the abundance of historical sources written about this conflict. This has however changed, and there have been examples of excavations on sites from the First World War. This thesis will highlight the different types of excavations that have been done on the Western Front, in other words: in Belgium and in France. The reason behind this is that it's in these two countries that most of the archaeological field work has been done. Another aspect of this subject which this thesis will try to highlight is the different opinions regarding this type of archaeology. The reason behind this is that the First World War is a highly controversial subject in many of the countries involved in the war. This becomes apparent in the written sources about the war, and \u2013 since the archaeology of the First World War is historical archaeology \u2013 is often surfaced when material remains from the war is unearthed during an excavation. This thesis will try to explain why archaeology has a role to play in our understanding of the First World War, and the different types of excavations that has been done, and finally the different opinions regarding this type of archaeology.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":193661095,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2526205343","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Disorders of sex development (DSD) and hypogonadism are genetically heterogeneous and include a broad spectrum of phenotypes. Recent advances in biology and medicine have introduced impressive improvements in both clinical management and structured research, mainly in new technologies to study their genetic features and the mechanisms underlying their pathologies. Knowledge and understanding of these conditions have led to the development of successful therapies and novel tools to characterize them and provide better care to patients. Therefore, both DSD and hypogonadism represent an important field in research and clinical setting. \n \nThis special issue presents a series of articles mainly reflecting the difficulties in characterization of DSD in four papers, advances in genetics of DSD in two papers, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in one paper, clinical presentation of male primary hypogonadism, like Klinefelter's syndrome in one paper, and long-term followup of female hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in one paper, as well as clinical and molecular data of aromatase excess syndrome in one paper and an interesting review about the complex association of androgens and adipose tissue in males in one paper. \n \nJuniarto and colleagues in their paper \"Application of the new classification on patients with a disorder of sex development in Indonesia\" from Indonesia showed how patients' and general society's opinion on DSD, economic background of the patients, and lack of access to health insurance can affect the complex management of DSD in a negative way. Probably, these situations are not restricted to Indonesia, but to all underdeveloped countries, and education of primary health care workers is necessary to prevent morbidity and mortality in some cases. Hersmus and colleagues in their paper \"Delayed recognition of disorders of sex development (DSD): a missed opportunity for early diagnosis of malignant germ cell tumors\" reported three independent male patients with germ cell tumors retrospectively recognized as DSD, showing again, but now in a developed country, the underdiagnosis of DSD in the newborn and the significant relevance of early and correct evaluation for identification of individuals at increased risk for development a gonadal tumor. Wunsch's paper \"Checklist for the structural description of the deep phenotypes in disorders of sexual development\" suggest an interesting checklist for the structural description of gonads and internal sex ducts using video endoscopy and laparoscopy, which can contribute to a comprehensive definition of the variations of deep phenotype in DSD. Veiga-Junior and colleagues in their paper \"Clinical and laboratorial features that may differentiate 46,XY DSD due to partial androgen insensitivity and 5\u03b1-reductase type 2 deficiency\", evaluating 58 patients with sex ambiguity, 46,XY karyotype, and normal testosterone secretion, reported clinical and laboratorial features, like consanguinity, familial recurrence, severity of ambiguous genitalia, penile length, and T\/DHT ratio, which may differentiate 46,XY DSD due to partial androgen insensitivity and 5\u03b1-reductase deficiency. \n \nBarbaro and colleagues in their paper \"Multigeneration inheritance through fertile XX carriers of an NR0B1 (DAX1) locus duplication in a kindred of females with isolated XY gonadal dysgenesis\" identified another NR0B1 duplication in two sisters with isolated XY gonadal dysgenesis and an X-linked inheritance pattern. They also studied three fertile female carriers of three different small NR0B1 locus duplications and did not find obvious skewing of X-chromosome inactivation, suggesting that NR0B1 overexpression does not impair ovarian function. Mooslehner and colleagues in their paper \"A cell model for conditional profiling of androgen-receptor-interacting proteins\" reported preliminary results that allow future studies to focus on replacing wild-type androgen receptor (AR) with mutant AR to uncover differences in protein interactions caused by AR mutations involved in partial androgen insensitivity syndrome. \n \nBeate and colleagues in their paper \"Genetics of isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: role of GnRH receptor and other genes\" showed an interesting revision about the genetics of isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and the importance of inactivating mutations in the pituitary GnRH receptor inducing GnRH resistance in patients with normosmic isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Pacenza and colleagues in their paper \"Clinical presentation of Klinefelter's syndrome: differences according to age\", evaluating 94 patients with Klinefelter's syndrome, showed that 46.8% were diagnosed between 11 and 20 years, probably because nowadays pediatricians are more aware that boys and adolescents with neurodevelopmental disorders and cryptorchidism should be investigated for this chromosome anomaly. Pantelis and colleagues in their paper \"Long-term followup of adolescent and young adult females with hypergonadotropic hypogonadism\" showed that all prepubertal girl, teenager, or young woman diagnosed with primary ovarian insufficiency should undergo extensive research by a group of specialists in a referral center, and the final decision of therapy should be taken by the patient and her clinician. \n \nFukami and colleagues in their paper \"Molecular bases and phenotypic determinants of aromatase excess syndrome\" showed that aromatase excess syndrome represents a novel model for gain-of-function mutation leading to human genetic disorders characterized by gynecomastia. Mammi and colleagues in their paper \"Androgens and adipose tissue in males: a complex and reciprocal interplay\" reported an interesting revision about the association between androgens and adipose tissue in males. The authors concluded that adequate levels and balance of circulating sex hormones are necessary to maintain a correct distribution and size of adipose tissue, which in turn is fundamental to keep a normal reproductive and sexual function. \n \nOur understanding in DSD and hypogonadism is advancing, and we hope that the readers will find this special issue enjoyable and helpful in the clinical practice. In addition, we would like to take the opportunity to express our gratitude and thanks to all the authors involved in this selected issue for the high-level papers they submitted. We also thank the reviewers for their time and expertise as well as the Editor-Chief of International Journal of Endocrinology for giving us the honor to publish this important special issue. Enjoy this special issue of DSD and hypogonadism! \n \n \nGil Guerra-Junior \n \nAna Claudia Latronico \n \nOlaf Hiort \n \nRodolfo Rey","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":8950505,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1973004019","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/820373","PubMedCentral":"3408659","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2012\/820373.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In Reply .\u2014We are grateful for Dr Hecht's gracious comments concerning our description of a new syndrome of hypospadias with mental retardation. The Cape Malay community is a socioreligious isolate estimated to number approximately 4000 individuals. The term Malay is a misnomer, as their origin is not the Malayan Archipelago. Their ancestors arrived at the Cape approximately three centuries ago from the Dutch East Indian islands of Sri Lanka and India. They are currently a small and endogamous community, distinguished by their adherence to the Muslim faith. Owing to limited population size, only two exceptional genetic disorders have been reported from this community. 1,2 They are also known to have a high incidence of diabetes mellitus, and the common genetic disorders are represented in their expected frequencies. With regard to the genetic nature of this new disorder, no further light was shed by extensive family analysis. There were no other","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":72005077,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2044454641","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1001\/ARCHPEDI.1988.02150060023010","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVE\nTo evaluate the retention of four types of aligners on a dental arch with various attachments.\n\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS\nFor this study, three casts were manufactured, two of which contained attachments (ellipsoid and beveled), and one without any attachments to serve as a control. Four types of aligners were thermoformed: Clear-Aligner (CA)-soft, CA-medium, and CA-hard, with various thicknesses, and Essix ACE. Measurements of vertical displacement force during aligner removal were performed with the Gabo Qualimeter Eplexor. Means and standard deviations were next compared between different aligner thicknesses and attachment shapes.\n\n\nRESULTS\nCA-soft, CA-medium, and CA-hard did not present a significant increase in retention, except when used in the presence of attachments. Additionally, CA-medium and CA-hard required significantly more force for removal. Essix ACE demonstrated a significant decrease in retention when used with ellipsoid attachments. The force value for Essix ACE removal from the cast with beveled attachments was comparable to that of CA-medium. Forces for aligner removal from the model without attachments showed a linear trend. Essix ACE did not show a continuous increase in retention for each model. Overall, ellipsoid attachments did not present a significant change in retention. In contrast, beveled attachments improved retention.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nEllipsoid attachments had no significant influence on the force required for aligner removal and hence on aligner retention. Essix ACE showed significantly less retention than CA-hard on the models with attachments. Furthermore, beveled attachments were observed to increase retention significantly, compared with ellipsoid attachments and when using no attachments.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":28648723,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2097302230","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2319\/091014-637.1","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","url":"https:\/\/www.angle.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.2319\/091014-637.1","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the information society, records are generated in many forms including paper and electronic forms. In addition, technology is consistently being used to convert paper records into electronic format presenting a change in a way records have to be managed. In the quest to increase efficiency in business processes in organisations, the management of electronic records is critical. However, the ascendancy of digital records poses a number of challenges in their management including those related to storage and preservation, aspects which fosters easy accessibility and retrieval for posterity. Records managers are challenged to possess specialised skills in handling digital records. They are also faced with the challenge of ensuring knowledge gaps do not exist as a result of poor storage and preservation approaches. One of the problems also confronting records managers in the digital age relates to security of information held in an electronic media and the privacy of records. This paper reviews the role of records managers in the era of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), with a specific focus on Zambia. It discusses theories and methodologies that have been developed to ensure the reliability, security, accuracy, authenticity and long term accessibility of digital records. In addition, it highlights the impact of new technologies on records management practices and examines the skills records managers should possess to effectively handle the new technologies as well as digital records. It concludes by recommending that records managers in Zambia should consider adopting contemporary records management practices in order to effectively manage organisational records in various forms.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":169686757,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2905986922","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"To assess the effects of increased colonic fermentation on serum lipids, eight healthy volunteers were placed on two identical 2-wk metabolic diets, one of which was supplemented with lactulose (18-25 g\/d). Lactulose raised day-long concentrations of breath hydrogen and serum glutamine as indicators of increased colonic fermentation by 78 +\/- 13% (P less than 0.001) and 24.7 +\/- 9.5% (P less than 0.05), respectively). Unexpectedly, however, fasting serum total and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B concentrations were higher at 2 wk by 8.9 +\/- 1.5% (P less than 0.001), 10.9 +\/- 2.2% (P less than 0.005), and 18.9 +\/- 5.9% (P less than 0.02), respectively, compared with the control diet. With lactulose, mean free fatty acid concentrations were reduced over the day by 19.5 +\/- 5.9% (P less than 0.02), with no change in mean day-long blood glucose, serum insulin, or C-peptide concentrations. We conclude that certain rapidly fermented substrates may raise rather than lower serum lipids, possibly through increasing the amount of acetate absorbed from the colon.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":4452863,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1934336367","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/AJCN\/54.1.141","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Two different methods-a classical and a novel one, using a long-range magnetic force expression for calculating the magnetic force distribution in magnetised material are studied. They are applied to the simulation of an induction motor. The resulting magnetic forces, stresses, strains and deformation are compared. The magnetic and elastic equations are solved utilising a 2D finite element space discretisation. Both static and dynamic (time stepping) simulations are considered.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":122032213,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2164074250","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/20.717835","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Inter-vehicular communication involves the exchange of data between two mobile devices in an ad hoc network. Since the devices are not stationary and the topology is wide, the passage of messages between source and destination nodes involves various intermediate nodes that act as links between the two. The more the number of nodes involved in a network at a time, the more is the power consumed by them, thereby adding to the average power consumption of the network and the transmission time. The authors aim to develop an efficient routing protocol, which finds the minimum possible path length between a source and a destination involving minimum nodes to transmit data. Information regarding the angular position of the nodes is exploited in selecting the most suitable node for transmission, thereby achieving proper network connectivity among nodes with minimum power consumption. The proposed protocol has been compared with dynamic source routing (DSR) and DSR with stale route removed (DSR-SRR). The results achieved by implementing the proposed protocol establish the fact that our protocol is better than DSR and DSR-SRR in terms of the following: (i) average power consumption during transmission, (ii) throughput of transmission and (iii) number of control packets used. The proposed protocol proves to work relatively efficiently even under dense traffic conditions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":40801220,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1963939776","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1049\/iet-com.2009.0138","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the context of computer-integrated manufacturing, communication protocols are being developed for remote sensor reading and remote actuator writing. A formal description technique that is used to specify a fieldbus protocol is introduced. This protocol is based on message broadcasting and control centralized via a mean station. Medium access and data-link control layers are the important features. The architectural principles and the distributed behavior of system modules are depicted by means of labeled Petri nets. These executable specifications are used to perform a formal analysis of components and allow properties of the interconnected system to be verified.<<ETX>>","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-48":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":61967260,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2133813455","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/IECON.1990.149195","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The strong inhomogeneities in plasma parameters in the ionosphere and adjacent regions can trap waves in the upper end of the ULF range (Pcl\/Pil). The topside ionosphere is characterized by a rapidly increasing Alfven speed with a scale height on the order of 1000 km. Shear-mode Alfven waves in this region can be partially trapped at frequencies in the 0.1-1.0 Hz range. The same structure can trap fast-mode compressional waves in this frequency band. Since these waves can propagate across magnetic field lines, this structure constitutes a waveguide in which energy can propagate at speeds comparable to the Alfven speed, typically on the order of 1000 km\/s. Hall effects in the ionosphere couple these two wave modes, so that the introduction of a field-aligned current by means of a shear-mode Alfven wave can excite compressional waves that can propagate in the waveguide. In the limit of infinite ionospheric conductivity, these waves are isolated from the atmospheric fields; however, for finite conductivity, ionospheric and atmospheric waves are coupled. Transverse magnetic modes in the atmosphere can propagate at ULF frequencies and form global Schumann resonances with the fundamental at 8 Hz. It has been suggested that signals that propagate at the speed of light through this atmospheric waveguide can rapidly transmit signals from the polar region to lower latitudes during sudden storm commencements.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":9803570,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1658766718","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1029\/169GM19","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Fiscal deficit gives the signal to the government about the total borrowing requirements from all sources. The primary component of fiscal deficit includes revenue deficit and capital expenditure. Budget deficits are generated when governments spend more money than they take in from taxes and other sources of revenue. This study sought to establish the determinants of fiscal deficit in Kenya. The study was guided by one objective which was to analyze the determinants of fiscal deficits in Kenya. The study used a case of the Kenya Government budget, covering a period of 9 years from the financial year 2002\/2003 to 2010\/2011. Secondary data was collected from the Ministry of Finance and Kenya National Bureau of statistics. Panel data methodology was used in the analysis since cross-sectional and time series were combined. The data collected was analyzed using regression analysis. From the findings 84.3% of fiscal deficits in Kenya was attributed to combination of the nine independent factors (expenditure, income, domestic borrowing, external borrowing, money supply, previous year's consumption, civil servant salaries, inflation rate, and corporations receipts) investigated in this study. Fiscal deficit is not dependent on any variable amounted to 1.143 Million. The data findings analyzed also shows that taking all other independent variables at zero, a unit increase in government expenditure will lead to a 0.635 increase in fiscal deficit. A unit increase in income will lead to a 0.235 increase in fiscal deficit; a unit increase in domestic borrowing will lead to a 0.451 increase in fiscal deficit; a unit increase in external borrowing will lead to a 0.825 increase in fiscal deficit. A unit increase in money supply will lead to a 0.354 increase in fiscal deficit; a unit increase in previous year consumption will lead to a 0.118 increase in fiscal deficit; a unit increase in civil servants salaries will lead to a 0.394 increase in fiscal deficit, a unit increase in inflation rate will lead to a 0.794 increase in fiscal deficit; and a unit increase in corporate receipts will lead to a 0.198 increase in fiscal deficit. This infers that external borrowing contribute more to","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":55130822,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The study examined the effect of cooling on the reproductive performance of\u00a0gilts using 27 Large White Experimental Gilts on a Completely Randomized Design (CRD)\u00a0with 3 systems of cooling, namely Wallow Cooling (WC), Sprinkler Cooling (SC) and Zero\u00a0Cooling (ZC). Gilts were weighed at the commencement of the experiment and thereafter fed\u00a0 ad libitum from service to farrowing. Feed intake till farrow, feed cost, gilt weight at farrow,\u00a0date of farrow, litter size and weight were recorded. The feed\/piglet weight, feed intake\/litter,\u00a0feed cost\/litter and birth weight\/piglet were derived. The results showed that feed intake per\u00a0litter and feed per piglet weight were highest for gilts placed on WC(P< 0.05), followed by\u00a0SC and least for sow placed on ZC; gilt weight before farrow was highest for sow placed on\u00a0SC (69.78\u00b10.92), followed by ZC (69.33\u00b10.94) and least for gilts placed on WC\u00a0(67.33\u00b10.87); litter sizes of gilts placed under the WC and SC systems were similar\u00a0(5.6\u00b10.41) while that under the ZC system was comparatively smaller (5.4\u00b10.40);while the\u00a0date of farrow was lowest in the ZC system (113.8\u00b10.32) followed by SC (114.0\u00b10.33) and\u00a0highest under the WC (114.1\u00b10.33). However, the feed intake per litter, feed per piglet\u00a0weight, litter sizes of gilts, birth weight per piglet of gilts and the average date of farrow\u00a0among gilts placed on WC, SC and ZC were not statistically different at 5% level of\u00a0significance. Though, there is no significant difference in the performance among gilts placed\u00a0on WC, SC and ZC, temperature regulation through provision of efficient cooling system in\u00a0piggery would help to increase litter size, improve feed intake per litter and reduce the\u00a0average cost of feeding gilt per day in maximizing reproductive performances in pigs. Keywords: Cooling, gilts, service, farrow, piggery, litter size, piglet and birth weight","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":113992041,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2512611484","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper proposes an efficient parallel adder based design for I-D any-length discrete Cosine transform (DCT). Using the similar idea to the Chirp-Z transform, we develop an algorithm formulating the I-D any-length DCT as cyclic convolutions. The proposed design using this algorithm not only owns higher flexibility in the transform length, but also possesses low hardware cost by using the parallel adder implementation. Considering an example using 16-bits coefficients, the proposed design can save much gate area as compared with other designs in the longer transform length applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2015-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":124548946,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2189140351","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The prison abolition movement, building on a long history of abolition in the United States, is articulating a vision of democracy that centers the lived experiences of people, particularly marginalized communities. Requiring more than legal standing and a secure right to vote, the abolitionist view of democracy calls for economic and civic standing, community self-determination, and equality. This view starkly contrasts with dominant concept of democracy in the legal field most attentive to democratic concerns \u2013 the law of democracy, which defines democracy largely according to electoral rules and processes. This comment presents an initial comparison of these two visions of democracy. When considered together, the abolitionist concept of democracy shows the insufficiency of legalistic approaches to build a democracy that is deep, just, and experienced as legitimate by the governed. Looking to abolitionists concepts of state can enrich public law scholarship and inform the choices of democracy practitioners by enriching their advocacy in the electoral realm and widening their focus beyond elections.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":233751712,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This thesis follows the emergence and development of Tahmid, the Arabic laudatory preamble, as a literary genre in the Arabic tradition: a genre that imaginatively presents the distinct worldview (weltanschauung) that its author embraces and a genre that not only features as a standard introduction for an infinite number of texts, but is also, in and of itself, a rich source of meaning. The dissertation proposes a literary approach for unearthing its depths of knowledge, termed the 'relational approach'. This approach identifies and focuses on the various relations and associations, highlighted and evoked by a Tahmid despite its usual conciseness, which are the source of its vitality. Drawing upon a broad range of samples, the study also delineates the common characteristics and trends of the Tahmid tradition as a whole, and focuses on its distinctiveness and significance in Fatimid-Tayyibi literature ('Fatimid-Tayyibi' refers to Ismili Musta'lian Tayyibi Shiites in Fatimid Egypt as well as their spiritual successors in Yemen and India, commonly known as the Da'udi Bohras). Following the introduction, the thesis is structured on a chronological basis in three parts. Section-I (chapters 1-3) traces the development of Tahmid from its origins to maturity as a distinct genre in Arabic prose. Section-II (chapter-4), building on the literary-history presented in the previous section, presents a methodology for the analysis of Tahmid and applies it to a selection of examples. Section-III (chapters 5-7) focuses on the unique characteristics of Fatimid-Tayyibi Tahmids and presents an analysis of a number of examples. The section ends with a case-study of a Tahmid in one of the Fatimid-Tayyibi Da'i Syedna Taher Saifuddin's (d. 1385\/1965) risalahs. The question posited in the title of this thesis, 'is the Tahmid a literary genre?' is answered in the Conclusion. An appendix of Tahmids referred to in the thesis and illustrative samples, especially from the Fatimid-Tayyibi manuscripts, accompanies the dissertation in a separate volume.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":150054237,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2898101842","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this article is to provide a critical examination of two aspects of culture and biomedicine that have helped to shape the meaning and practice of genetic testing for breast cancer. These are: (1) the cultural construction of fear of breast cancer, which has been fuelled in part by (2) the predominance of a 'risk' paradigm in contemporary biomedicine. The increasing elaboration and delineation of risk factors and risk numbers are in part intended to help women to contend with their fear of breast cancer. However, because there is no known cure or foolproof prevention for breast cancer, risk designations bring with them recommendations for vigilant surveillance strategies and screening guidelines. We argue that these in effect exacerbate women's fears of breast cancer itself. The volatile combination of discourses of fear, risk and surveillance have significant ethical and social consequences for women's lives and well-being. Genetic testing decisions are made within this context; if nurses understand this context they can play an important role in helping women to cope with the anxiety and fear of breast cancer risk.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":13160978,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2120899008","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/096973300000700306","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES\nThe diagnostic accuracy of cystatin C estimated GFR (eGFR) by various cystatin C equations have varied in different studies. We hypothesized that the GFR level of enrolled patients affects the diagnostic accuracy of a cystatin C equation.\n\n\nDESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS\nWe analyzed 240 consecutively enrolled children at a single Canadian center in a prospective and cross-sectional study. Cystatin C was analyzed with nephelometry, and cystatin C eGFR was estimated by the equations validated in children. GFR was measured by technetium-99m-diethylene-triamine penta-acetic acid (\u2079\u2079m)Tc DTPA).\n\n\nRESULTS\nWe compared various cystatin C equations across GFR strata < 60, < 90, \u2265 135, and \u2265 150 ml\/min per 1.73 m\u00b2 for an accurate prediction and appropriate classification of the measured GFR. The CKiD, Zappitelli-CysEq, and Zappitelli-CysCrEq equations had a higher accuracy, estimated by eGFR values within 10% and 30% of the respective (99m)Tc DTPA, in the GFR categories < 60 and < 90 ml\/min per 1.73 m\u00b2, whereas the B\u00f6kenkamp, Bouvet, and Filler equations had a greater accuracy in the GFR categories \u2265 135 and \u2265 150 ml\/min per 1.73 m\u00b2. The Bouvet, CKiD, Filler, Zappitelli-CysEq, and Zappitelli-CysCrEq equations had a greater sensitivity to classify GFR < 60 and < 90 ml\/min per 1.73 m\u00b2, whereas the B\u00f6kenkamp equation had a higher sensitivity for GFR \u2265 135 and \u2265 150 ml\/min per 1.73 m\u00b2.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThe diagnostic accuracy of various cystatin C equations varies with GFR. This issue needs consideration while applying these equations in clinical practice and for further research on eGFR equations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":27989247,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2143875989","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.10161110","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Strain MS-P2T was isolated from microbial mats associated with Mushroom Spring, an alkaline siliceous hot spring in Yellowstone National Park, WY, USA. The isolate grows chemoheterotrophically by oxygen-dependent respiration, and light stimulates photoheterotrophic growth under strictly oxic conditions. Strain MS-P2T synthesizes bacteriochlorophyll a and the carotenoid spirilloxanthin. However, photoautotrophic growth did not occur under oxic or anoxic conditions, suggesting that this strain should be classified as an aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium. Strain MS-P2T cells are motile, curved rods about 0.5 to 1.0 \u03bcm wide and 1.0 to 1.5 \u03bcm long. The optimum growth temperature is 45\u201350 \u00b0C, and the optimum pH for growth is circum-neutral (pH 7.0\u20137.5). Sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed that strain MS-P2T is closely related to Elioraea species, members of the class Alphaproteobacteria, with a sequence identity of 96.58 to 98%. The genome of strain MS-P2T is a single circular DNA molecule of 3,367,643 bp with a mol% guanine-plus-cytosine content of 70.6%. Based on phylogenetic, physiological, biochemical, and genomic characteristics, we propose this bacteriochlorophyll a-containing isolate is a new species belonging to the genus Elioraea, with the suggested name Elioraea tepida. The type-strain is strain MS-P2T (= JCM33060T = ATCC TSD-174T).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":245723734,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10010080","PubMedCentral":"8781829","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-2607\/10\/1\/80\/pdf?version=1640940379","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Subtle changes in structure or composition can lead to degeneration of articular cartilage such as in osteoarthritis, so it is significant to study the materials attribute of the degenerating articular cartilage. A new transient ultrasonic technique was introduced into this study for measuring the swelling effects of the degenerated cartilage. The swelling-induced strain was calculated based on the measurement result, and then the uniaxial module of the articular cartilag was extracted using Narmoneva's triphasic model. The ultrasonic observation showed that the strains induced by the nonuniform swelling are depth-dependent, and the strains are small in the deep zone and big in the middle and surface zones. The uniaxial modulus also revealed that the cartilage in the deep zone (E1 = 12.20) is harder than that in surface zone (E2 = 0.15). These results suggest that the transient ultrasound technique accompanied by triphasic model provides a quantitative means to study the degeneration of articular cartilage.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":28330165,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2397553055","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"1. Large-scale production and purification of complexes between Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin and haemagglutinin have been achieved. 2. Haemagglutinin-free neurotoxic protein of the complexes was purified to high specific neurotoxicity by affinity chromatography, on p-aminophenyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside coupled to Sepharose 4B, followed by chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel. 3. The resultant neurotoxin was homogeneous on isoelectric focussing (pI = 6.3) and on dodecylsulphate\/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under non-reducing conditions when its Mr was 1.4 X 10(5); after reduction two polypeptides (Mr = 9.9 and 5.5 X 10(4) were present. 4. On double-immunodiffusion gels, using antiserum against neurotoxin-haemagglutinin complex, the neurotoxin showed a single, sharp precipitin line that was immunologically distinct from a relatively non-toxic protein (Mr = 1.3 X 10(5), which co-purifies with the neurotoxin but is removed by the ion-exchange chromatography step. 5. Application of the neurotoxin to animals in vitro or in vivo produced near complete and irreversible blockade of neurotransmission. Botulinisation of rat leg muscles reduced spontaneous transmitter release; the amplitude of miniature end-plate potentials was altered from the normal 'bell-shaped\" to a skewed distribution. 6. In normal muscle, a large transient increase in frequency of the miniatures was produced by beta-bungarotoxin. In contrast, with botulinised muscle the latter induced a much smaller increase in the absolute frequency; in addition, the mean amplitude was increased somewhat but the distribution remained skewed. The results show botulinisation of muscle modifies the action of beta-bungarotoxin.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"2013-20":2,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":83112889,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1547129680","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.1432-1033.1982.TB06464.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Some of the key parameters in paleoclimate modelling of long time-scales are paleobathymetry of the ocean basins and paleotopography of the continents. Sedimentary thicknesses, rates and formation processes are essential ingredients for deriving paleobathymetry. As part of the Circum-Antarctic Stratigraphy and Paleobathymetry (CASP) project, we derive the stratigraphic conditions of the Pacific part of the Southern Ocean along the West Antarctic margin from pre-existing and recently collected multichannel seismic data. We link the network of seismic lines from the Antarctic Peninsula to the Bellingshausen and Amundsen Sea. Some of the seismic lines are re-interpreted, new horizons are identified and mapped. Additional information from ice-sheet models and DSDP\/ODP boreholes are used to match the stratigraphy across the regional datasets. The resulting stratigraphic compilation contributes to the CASP mapping project, which focuses on creating a continuous series of seamless circum-Antarctic paleoceanographic and paleosedimentary seafloor maps that span from the Cretaceous to present.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":128172362,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"640575156","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In urban design mapping is a generative tool that can evoke site conditions and animate design potentials. James Corner has stated that a \"map is already a project in the making\" (1999b, p.216), and thereby pointed to the evocative \"agency\" of mapping in composing a design project. This paper takes Corner's essay as its starting point. It couples his considerations with non-representational research to elaborate mapping as a \"more-than-representational\" tool with which to think and work when we seek to understand and evoke design sites in conjunction with the lived world. This coupling is done through a concrete mapping study of a suburban site of lived mobilities and mundane architectures. From this coupling the paper elaborates three central attentions of mapping as a creative and reflected more- than-representational tool in urban design: the evocations of eventfulness of sites, intricate relations between lived lives and architecture, and the potential yet-to-be of sites.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":132520213,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2599912535","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The chapter looks at the workings of legal pluralism in public education in a system that has been openly recognized as multicultural. It deals with the interplay of law and religion in public education through the versatility of religious law, legal pluralism as well as religion's possible adaptation and reconciliation with modernity in the concrete Israeli setting. It explores more specifically how legal and policy responses to religious diversity in education are balanced (or not) with the exercise of other fundamental rights within a multicultural society as well as the implications that these clashes of rights produce. The basis of each conflict involving religion in the public sphere relates to whether the preservation of cultural identity should take priority over the enforcement of shared citizenship (values) or vice versa. It is the nature and resolution of these conflicts that the discussion will engage with. To that effect, the chapter will focus on how, from a constitutional perspective, the rights to religious freedom, education and equality are balanced and through which constitutional tools they are operationalized. The factors of legal tradition, constitutional make-up, constitutional recognition of diversity\/religion will be taken into account along with more socio-historical factors dictating constitutional choice.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":150357430,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2901537156","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract. To challenge the hypothesis that equatorial waves in the lower stratosphere are essentially forced by convection, we use the LMDz atmospheric model extended to the stratosphere and compare two versions having very different convection schemes but no quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO). The two versions have realistic time mean precipitation climatologies but very different precipitation variabilities. Despite these differences, the equatorial stratospheric Kelvin waves at 50 hPa are almost identical in the two versions and quite realistic. The Rossby gravity waves are also very similar but significantly weaker than in observations. We demonstrate that this bias on the Rossby gravity waves is essentially due to a dynamical filtering occurring because the model zonal wind is systematically westward. During a westward phase of the QBO, the ERA-Interim Rossby gravity waves compare well with those in the model. These results suggest that (i) in the model the effect of the convection scheme on the waves is in part hidden by the dynamical filtering, and (ii) the waves are produced by other sources than equatorial convection. For the Kelvin waves, this last point is illustrated by an Eliassen and Palm flux analysis, showing that in the model they come more from the subtropics and mid-latitude regions, whereas in the ERA-Interim reanalysis the sources are more equatorial. We show that non-equatorial sources are also significant in reanalysis data sets as they explain the presence of the Rossby gravity waves in the stratosphere. To illustrate this point, we identify situations with large Rossby gravity waves in the reanalysis middle stratosphere for dates selected when the stratosphere is dynamically separated from the equatorial troposphere. We refer to this process as a stratospheric reloading.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":52000214,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3012516538","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5194\/ACP-14-1869-2014","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Female steroid hormones are hypothesized to play a protective role in pancreatic cancer risk. However, results from epidemiologic studies that examined hormone-related exposures have been inconsistent. The California Teachers Study is a cohort study of female public school professionals that was established in 1995-1996. Of the 118,164 eligible study participants, 323 women were diagnosed with incident invasive pancreatic cancer through December 31, 2009. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression methods were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association of pancreatic cancer risk with reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use. Current users of estrogen-only therapy at baseline (1995-1996) had a lower risk of pancreatic cancer than did participants who had never used hormone therapy (hazard ratio = 0.59, 95% confidence interval: 0.42, 0.84). Use of estrogen-plus-progestin therapy was not associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer. A longer duration of oral contraceptive use (\u226510 years of use compared with never use) was associated with an increased risk of cancer (hazard ratio = 1.72, 95% confidence interval: 1.19, 2.49). Reproductive factors, including age at menarche, parity, breastfeeding, and age at menopause, were not associated with pancreatic cancer risk. Our results suggest that increased estrogen exposure through estrogen-only therapy may reduce pancreatic cancer risk in women.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":11287769,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2129132194","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt154","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/aje\/article-pdf\/178\/9\/1403\/203957\/kwt154.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The present study takes a corpus-based approach to compare ten Korean novels translated into English with another ten Korean diasporic authentic novels written in English to explore differences in the use of italics between translated and non-translated literary texts. The focus is placed on how foreign words are italicized, since they represent the identity, history, and collective memories of Koreans as the interface between translated Korean literature and Korean diasporic literature. Especially since italics as a typographical device is seldom used in the Korean language, the italicization of foreign words also serves to reveal the style and decision of translators and their differences with original writers. Against this backdrop, the present study aims to see (a) if translated Korean literature and Korean diasporic literature exhibit significant differences in the use of italics; and (b) how the choices of original authors and translators differ in italicizing culture-specific and other foreign words. The present study employs Newmark's (2001) typology to categorize culture-specific items (CSI) of foreign origin into six subcategories, while adopting Nord's (2018, 1997) notion of phatic and expressive functions and developing other emerging categories to explain the italicized use of foreign words whose meaning is rather culturally universal but whose direct transfer in italicized form do convey cultural connotations.\nThe results of the analysis show that the most italicized category among all categories of italicization is foreign words, while the most notable difference is observed in emphatic italics. In the italicization of foreign CSIs, no significant difference is found except in one subcategory, while the lack of consistency in Romanization is noticeable in both corpora. As for non-CSIs, the use of phatic\/expressive and foreignizing italics is significantly predominant in the non-translated corpus, reflecting the relative freedom of original authors to express a sense of otherness and diasporic identity. The present study provides unique insight on how the use of italics in foreign words elucidates the different styles and decisions of translators and original authors, but it will need to be complemented with a closer look into sentences containing these instances and a further review on the original texts of the translated corpus.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":258915651,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.54754\/incontext.v3i1.60","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/incontextjournal.org\/index.php\/incontext\/article\/download\/60\/33","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A total of 126 gilts and sows (PIC 1050) and their litters were used to determine the effects of dietary vitamin E concentration and source on sow plasma, milk, and pig concentrations of \u03b1-tocopherol. Additionally, we estimated the bioavailability of D-\u03b1-tocopheryl acetate (D-\u03b1-TAc) relative to DL-\u03b1tocopheryl acetate (DL-\u03b1-TAc) when fed in diets containing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). The 6 dietary treatments included DL-\u03b1-TAc at 44 and 66 mg\/kg and D-\u03b1-TAc at 11, 22, 33, and 44 mg\/ kg. From breeding to d 69 of gestation, sows were fed 2.0 kg\/d of a diet containing 40% DDGS, 0.30 mg\/kg added Se, and no added vitamin E. Vitamin E treatments were fed from d 70 of gestation through weaning. Plasma was collected from sows on d 69 and 100 of gestation, at farrowing, and at weaning. Colostrum and milk samples were also collected. Plasma from 3 pigs per litter and heart and liver samples from 1 pig per litter were collected at weaning. Plasma, milk, and tissues from 6 litters per treatment were analyzed for \u03b1-tocopherol. Although tissue, plasma, and milk concentrations of \u03b1-tocopherol were the primary response criteria of interest, sow and litter performance were measured. As expected, treatment effects were not observed for lactation feed intake, sow BW, or backfat measurements. A trend (P = 0.085) for a treatment effect on average pig BW at weaning was detected, with pigs nursing sows fed 44 mg\/kg DL-\u03b1-TAc weighing less because of a younger weaning age. No other differences in litter performance were observed. As D-\u03b1-TAc increased in the diet, sow plasma, colostrum, and milk, pig plasma, and pig heart concentrations of \u03b1-tocopherol increased (linear, P < 0.03). Sows fed diets with 44 mg\/ kg D-\u03b1-TAc had increased (P < 0.03) plasma and colostrum and pig plasma concentrations of \u03b1-tocopherol compared with sows fed 44 mg\/kg of DL-\u03b1-TAc. Sows fed 66 mg\/kg DL-\u03b1-TAc also had greater (P = 0.022) plasma \u03b1-tocopherol at weaning than sows fed 44 mg\/ kg DL-\u03b1-TAc. Bioavailability coefficients for D-\u03b1-TAc relative to DL-\u03b1-TAc ranged from 1.9 to 4.2 for sow and pig plasma \u03b1-tocopherol, 2.9 to 3.6 for colostrum \u03b1-tocopherol, 1.6 for milk \u03b1-tocopherol, and 1.7 to 2.0 for pig heart and liver \u03b1-tocopherol. Overall, this study indicates the bioavailability for D-\u03b1-TAc relative to DL-\u03b1-TAc varies depending on the response criteria but is greater than the standard potency value of 1.36.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":166223356,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The optimization problem for scheduling distributed energy resources (DERs) and battery energy storage systems (BESS) integrated with power grid is important to minimize energy consumption from conventional sources in response to demand. Conventionally this optimization problem is solved in a centralized manner, which limits the size of the problem that can be solved, and also creates a high communication overhead since all the data is transferred to the central controller. These limitations are addressed by a proposed consensus-ADMM (alternating direction method of multiplier) based distributed optimization algorithm, which decomposes the optimization problem into sub-problems. The distribution feeder is partitioned into low coupling sub-networks\/regions, which solves the sub-problem locally and exchanges information with the neighboring regions to reach consensus to solve for the global update. The information exchange and synchronization between sub-networks\/regions are vital for distributed optimization. In this work, both of these aspects are addressed by the blockchain. The smart contract deployed on the blockchain network acts as a virtual aggregator for synchronization in distributed computation. The blockchain-based distributed optimization problem's effectiveness is tested for 0.5-MW laboratory microgrid for one hour ahead and day-ahead for IEEE 123-bus and EPRI J1 test feeder, and results are compared with a centralized solution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":240532281,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3199461324","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.36227\/techrxiv.13507176","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36227\/techrxiv.13507176","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Curricula do not fall onto the page fully formed, but are built around a series of choices made by educators. The curriculum establishes which knowledge is considered valid and which is not; the works of women and people of colour are typically underrepresented within curricula, and the issues affecting these groups are frequently neglected. This article examines three groups seeking to change this within higher education (Rhodes Must Fall, Why is My Curriculum White?, and Women Also Know Stuff) asking three questions: how can they be characterised? How do they operate? Why are they important? Drawing upon, and expanding, the work of Paolo Freire, this article argues that these groups utilise feminist principles and methods to demand a Pedagogy of the Oppressed. A feminist reading of the theory of representation, borrowed from analyses of legislative politics, helps us understand why higher education curricula should be more representative of society, allowing practitioners to advocate for change.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":150315742,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2807137812","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/13562517.2018.1465036","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper we present a parallel band selection approach, referred to as parallel simulated annealing band selection (PSABS), for hyperspectral imagery. The approach is based on the simulated annealing band selection (SABS) scheme. The SABS algorithm is originally designed to group highly correlated hyperspectral bands into a smaller subset of band modules regardless of the original order in terms of wavelengths. SABS selects sets of non-correlated hyperspectral bands based on simulated annealing (SA) algorithm and utilizes the inherent separability of different classes in hyperspectral images to reduce dimensionality. In order to be effective, the proposed PSABS is introduced to improve the computational speed by using parallel computing techniques. It allows multiple Markov chains (MMC) to be traced simultaneously and fully utilizes the significant parallelism embedded in SABS to create a set of PSABS modules on each parallel node implemented by the message passing interface (MPI) cluster-based library and the open multi-processing (OpenMP) multicore-based application programming interface. The effectiveness of the proposed PSABS is evaluated by MODIS\/ASTER airborne simulator (MASTER) hyperspectral images for hyperspectral band selection during the PACRIM II campaign. The experimental results demonstrated that PSABS can significantly improve the computational loads and provide a more reliable quality of solution compared to the original SABS method.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":17998484,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2145552534","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/IGARSS.2008.4779164","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background. It has been suggested that headings within multiple-choice tests positively affect test performance; however, there is little research to date to either support or reject this hypothesis. \n \n \n \nAims. Do headings within multiple-choice tests facilitate test performance? \n \n \n \nSample. The available sample for this study included employees of a large manufacturing plant in the western part of the United States (N=143). Participants ranged in age from 26 to 64 years old; the median age was 44 years old. \n \n \n \nMethod. The experimental group received a multiple-choice recertification test with headings included; the control group received the same test without headings. The data were analysed by analysis of covariance. \n \n \n \nResults. A significant difference was obtained for the treatment main effect, F (1,140) =4.33 (p<.04), with a calculated effect size for headings over no headings of es=0.33. Post hoc analysis of item difficulty data suggests that headings may have the greatest effect on less difficult test items and have little effect on difficult test items. \n \n \n \nConclusions. The findings of the present study indicate that headings within multiple-choice tests positively affect test performance. Perhaps more importantly, the findings indicate that headings may differentially impact test items of differing difficulty. Further research is recommended.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":143999209,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1997601522","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/J.2044-8279.1997.TB01230.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Andrea Palladio (1508\u00ad& 1580), one of the most famous architects of all time, published two enormously popular guides to the churches and antiquities of Rome in 1554. Striving to be both scholarly and popular, Palladio invited his Renaissance readers to discover the charm of Rome's ancient and medieval wonders, and to follow pilgrimage routes leading from one church to the next. He also described ancient Roman rituals of birth, marriage, and death. Here translated into English and joined in a single volume for the first time, Palladio's guidebooks allow modern visitors to enjoy Rome exactly as their predecessors did 450 years ago. Like the originals, this new edition is pocket-sized and therefore easily read on site. Enhanced with illustrations and commentary, the book also includes the first full English translation of Raphael's famous letter to Pope Leo X on the monuments of ancient Rome. For architectural historians, tourists, and armchair travelers, this book offers fresh and surprising insights into the antiquarian and ecclesiastical preoccupations of one of the greatest of the Renaissance architectural masters.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":190265502,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"166538893","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The title dinuclear platinum(III) complex, [Pt 2 (C 11 H 8 N) 2 -(C 5 H 4 NS) 4 ], forms two crystal structures, viz. the non-solvated and acetonitrile-solvated (C 2 H 3 N) forms. For both forms, two (2-pyridylphenyl)platinum units are bridged by two pyridine-2-thiolate (pyt) anions in a head-to-tail configuration, and the other two pyridine-2-thiolate anions occupy the axial position, coordinated through their S atoms. The most remarkable difference between the two forms is the orientation of the axial monodentate ligands. Those for the solvated form are located over the 2-pyridylphenyl ligands, being related by a twofold axis which lies through the centre of the Pt-Pt bond, while the axial pyt ligands for the non-solvated form are oriented irregularly, which is attributable to the dimeric arrangement in the crystal.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":98476285,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2075243073","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1107\/S0108270105004968","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Motion capture shoots involve a wide range of technology and entertainment production systems such as motion capture cameras, tracking software and digital environments to create entertainment applications. However, acting in this high-tech environment is still traditional and brings its own challenges to the actors. Good acting and imagination skills are highly needed for many motion capture shoots to deliver satisfying results. In our research, we are exploring how to support the actors and use a head-mounted projection display to create a mixed reality application helping actors to perform during motion capture shoots. This paper presents the latest enhancements of our head-mounted projection display application and discusses the use of this technology for motion capture acting as well as the potential use for entertainment purposes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":18873432,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2469821752","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/2832932.2832984","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"During in vitro differentiation, pluripotent stem cells undergo extensive remodeling of their gene expression. While studied extensively at the transcriptome level, much less is known about protein dynamics, which can differ significantly from their mRNA counterparts. Here, we present genome-wide dynamic measurements of mRNA and protein levels during differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We reveal pervasive discordance, which can be largely understood as a dynamic imbalance due to delayed protein synthesis and degradation. Through a combination of systematic classification and kinetic modeling, we connect modes of regulation at the protein level to the function of specific gene sets in differentiation. We further show that our kinetic model can be applied to single-cell transcriptomics data to predict protein levels in differentiated cell types. In conclusion, our comprehensive data set, easily accessible through a web application, is a valuable resource for the discovery of protein-level regulation in ESC differentiation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":208545655,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3099876395","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1101\/123497","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/content\/biorxiv\/early\/2017\/05\/17\/123497.full.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Block copolymers self-assemble into one-, two-, and three-dimensional periodic equilibrium structures, which can exhibit photonic bandgaps. This paper outlines a methodology for producing photonic crystals at optical length scales from block copolymers. Techniques for enhancing the intrinsic dielectric contrast between the block copolymer domains, as well as increasing the characteristic microdomain distances, and controlling defects are presented. To demonstrate the applicability of this methodology, a self-assembled one-dimensional periodic structure has been fabricated that reflects visible light. The wealth of structures into which block copolymers can assemble and the multiple degrees of freedom that can be built into these materials on the molecular level offer a large parameter space for tailoring new types of photonic crystals at optical length scales.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":2,"2015-18":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":16757770,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2170800565","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/50.802981","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Barents Sea is one of the fastest changing regions of the Arctic, and has experienced the strongest decline in winter-time sea-ice area in the Arctic, at -23 +\/- 4% per decade. Sea-ice thickness in the Barents Sea is not well studied. We present two previously unpublished helicopter-borne electromagnetic (HEM) ice thickness measurements from the northwestern Barents Sea acquired in March 2003 and 2014. The HEM data are compared to ice thickness calculated from ice draft measured by ULS deployed between 1994 and 1996. These data show that ice thickness varies greatly from year to year; influenced by the thermodynamic and dynamic processes that govern local formation vs long-range advection. In a year with a large inflow of sea-ice from the Arctic Basin, the Barents Sea ice cover is dominated by thick multiyear ice; as was the case in 2003 and 1995. In a year with an ice cover that was mainly grown in situ, the ice will be thin and mechanically unstable; as was the case in 2014. The HEM data allow us to explore the spatial and temporal variability in ice thickness. In 2003 the dominant ice class was more than 2 years old; and modal sea-ice thickness varied regionally from 0.6 to 1.4 m, with the thinner ice being either first-year ice, or multiyear ice which had come into contact with warm Atlantic water. In 2014 the ice cover was predominantly locally grown ice less than 1 month old (regional modes of 0.5\u20130.8 m). These two situations represent two extremes of a range of possible ice thickness distributions that can present very different conditions for shipping traffic; or have a different impact on heat transport from ocean to atmosphere.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":132509972,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2808481841","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/2016JC012199","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this research \u00a0is \u00a0to \u00a0examine \u00a0influence \u00a0of \u00a0Third \u00a0Party \u00a0Funds, \u00a0Operating\u00a0Expanse \u00a0to Operating Income, Capital Adequacy Ratio, Loan \u00a0to Deposit Ratio, Non Performing\u00a0Loan throught financial performance of public banking listed at Indonesian Stock Exchange\u00a0during 2010-2012.\u00a0Population of this research are Commercial \u00a0Bank \u00a0that \u00a0registered \u00a0in \u00a0Indonesian \u00a0Stock\u00a0Exchange from 2010 till 2012. Data on this research are coming from Indonesian Stock\u00a0Exchange (ISX). Sample are choosen by purposive sampling method at least 27 company.\u00a0Data's test technique by using multiple linear regression analyze.\u00a0The result showed that the Thirt Party Funds, Capital Adequacy Ratio and Non\u00a0Performing Loan has no effect on Return On Asset,Operating Expenses to Operating Income\u00a0negatively effect the Return On Asset and Loan to Deposit Ratio has a positive effect on Return\u00a0On Asset. Keyword: \u00a0Thirt \u00a0Party \u00a0Funds, Operating \u00a0Expense \u00a0to Operating \u00a0Income, Capital Adequacy\u00a0Ratio, Loan to Deposit Ratio, Non Performing Loan And Return On Asset.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":152708675,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2317316297","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Various deposits of CdO grains were observed on the surface of N \uf0e1100\uf0f1 silicon crystals heated at 580 \u00b0C and 620 \u00b0C for 1 hour in an evaporation-deposition device, respectively. The ball-shaped crystals, and regular-prism-shaped crystals were found on top of bush-like long crystals. Two types of CdO self-organization aggregates were also observed, that is, regular circular-shaped dense aggregate and long-chainshaped aggregate. The self-organization aggregates were composed of numerous submicron CdO grains. The relationship between self-organization aggregates and surface defects of virgin N \uf0e1100\uf0f1 silicon crystal was investigated. The results showed that the CdO self-organization aggregates were related to surface defects of the virgin N \uf0e1100\uf0f1 silicon crystal, and a defect induced aggregation (DIA) model is suggested.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":94349070,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1967197721","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/DDF.278.45","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Do economic sanctions turn the public against the target government or cause it to rally around the flag? How do sanctions affect attitudes toward the sanctioner? How does bad economic performance under sanctions shape support for the target government? Despite their importance, these questions have rarely been explored with survey data. Results from two surveys in Russia find that exposure to information about economic sanctions does not generate a rally around the flag, leads some groups to withdraw support from the target government, and reduces support for the sanctioner. Respondents also react more strongly to the reasons why sanctions were put in place\u2014the annexation of Crimea\u2014than to the sanctions themselves. These results suggest the need to reevaluate theories of the impact of economic sanctions and blame-shifting under autocracy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":158926760,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2766111968","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1177\/0010414018806530","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Human embryonic stem (hES) cells provide an important tool for the study of human development, disease, and tissue regeneration. Technologies for efficient genetic modification are required to exploit hES cells fully for these applications. Here we present a customized protocol for the transfection of hES cells with the Nucleofector\u2122 technology and compare its efficiency with conventional electroporation and lipofection. Cell survival and transfection efficiency were quantified using an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter construct. Our optimized nucleofection parameters yielded survival rates \ufffd 70%. Under these conditions, 66% of the surviving cells showed transgene expression 24 h after nucleofection. Transfected cells maintained expression of the pluripotency-associated markers Tra-1-60, Tra-1-81, and Oct4 and could be expanded to stably transgeneexpressing clones. The low quantities of hES cells and DNA required for nucleofection could make this method an attractive tool for miniaturized high throughput screening (HTS) applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":86235483,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2184961148","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, new basic functions, which are composed of three basic Jacobi elliptic functions, are chosen as components of finite expansion. This finite expansion can be taken as an ansatz and applied to solve nonlinear wave equations. As an example, mKdV equation is solved, and more new rational form solutions are derived, such as periodic solutions of rational form, solitary wave solutions of rational form, and so on.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":250798705,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1088\/0253-6102\/43\/3\/009","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This summary is based on 240 papers presented at the 21st Toki conference held on November 28th to December 1st 2011. It registered a record level of attendance and dealt with a wide range of fusion science and technology aspects for steady state operation which constitutes the greatest challenge on the way to the production of fusion energy on an industrial scale. Prominent aspects reported include the physics scenarios for SSO (Steady State Operation) which has to integrate in a coherent way challenging technologies. These include the technology of materials for structural and first wall components, superconductors for magnetic confinement, plasma heating systems. A considerable effort is being made to integrate the knowledge acquired in these fields into large experiments. The construction and operation of a new generation of fusion machines based on superconducting magnets has made good progress and long pulses operation demonstrate the progress made on SSO in an integrated way. They now reach the GJ level in extracted energy at plasma parameters significantly more relevant than previously. However, the ITER goal of 500 GJ is still far away and in view of the distance to travel, the level of activity in this area of research is expected to grow considerably in the years to come. The projection of present day knowledge to a DEMO fusion reactor is now being addressed by newly formed research groups.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":123254482,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2074704411","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1585\/pfr.7.2II","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Of the many trials faced by city managers in developing countries, one of the most challenging is undoubtedly the Street Vendors (SV) problem. They are a perpetual problem for street and sidewalk users in most Indonesian cities. Their spill-over business onto roadways is the source of traffic congestion. Their informal setting and business refuse (garbage) cause unsightly urban vista. However there is now a gradual shift of perspectives that focus on their economic potentials, offering a smart city manager a host of development opportunities. Hence the current policy of harassment and elimination of SV, as practiced by most municipalities in Indonesia, is counter productive at best and inhuman at worst. This paper discusses the roots of the SV phenomenon (found to be mostly economics) and suggests several SV management solutions sampled from best practices from around the world.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":166985682,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1566719227","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The presenter will use her own experience of 200-250 spontaneous intrauterine regressions achieved in an uninterrupted period of 7 years (2 hours therapy sessions a week during 5 years) to show how we reach this type of experience in Psycho-Corporal Integration. She will use the theoretical references of the founder of this system Marc Costa who has been her therapist and teacher for this journey. We basically try to bring the therapy to a place where somato-psychic experiences take over psychosomatic ones. We do this by gradually dialoging with the different stratums of the caracter and navigating through the intrapsychic conflicts and its defensive layers in a synchronic way between the 4 parts of the psychosomatic apparatus. The psychosomatic apparatus is divided in 4 parts: two somatic ones: physiological-vegetative and skeletal-muscular and two psychic ones: instinctive-emotional and mental-cognitive.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":152226182,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2523314065","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Interconnects are considered as one of the grandest challenges that gigascale and terascale integrations face because of the delay they add to critical paths, the power they dissipate, the noise and jitter they induce on one another, and their vulnerability to electromigration. Recent studies on novel computational state variables such as electron spin have demonstrated that interconnects will continue to be an ever-growing challenge, even for post-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) switches. The novel 2-D carbon-based material graphene has demonstrated remarkable electrical properties that make it a viable candidate to implement interconnects in both electrical and spintronic domains. In this paper, physical models of the electron transport parameters such as electron mean free path (MFP), diffusion coefficient, mobility, and resistance per unit length are presented for both bulk (2-D) and narrow (1-D) graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) as a function of the interconnect dimensions, edge roughness, and Fermi-energy shift. The potential of multilayer GNR (ML-GNR) as electrical interconnects is explored by taking into account the finite interlayer resistivity between the multiple layers within the ML-GNR stack. The spin-relaxation length in graphene is obtained using some theoretical estimates on the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) introduced due to ripples in graphene. It is found that, in pure graphene, the spin-relaxation length could be longer than 10 \u03bcm; however, the presence of adatoms limits the spin-relaxation length in graphene to only 1-2 \u03bcm at room temperature. The models developed in this paper are used to benchmark graphene interconnects against their conventional copper\/low- \u03ba interconnects in both electrical and spintronic domains. The results offer important insights about the advantages and limitations of graphene interconnects and provide guidelines for technology development for this emerging interconnect technology.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":27618941,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2141368806","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2013.2260235","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Valproic Acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, has been demonstrated to cause a marked decrease in proliferation of prostate cancer (PCa) cells in vitro and a significant reduction in tumor volume in vivo. The goal of this study is to better understand the VPA-induced growth inhibition in vivo, by studying expression of various markers in PCa xenografts. Methods. For in vitro experiments, PCa cells were treated with 0, 0.6, and 1.2\u2009mM VPA for 14 days. For in vivo models, experimental animals received 0.4% VPA in drinking water for 35 days. Tissue microarray was generated using cell pellets and excised xenografts. Results. VPA treatment causes cell cycle arrest in PCa cells in vivo, as determined by increase in p21 and p27 and decrease in cyclin D1 expression. Increased expression of cytokeratin18 was also seen in xenografts. LNCaP xenografts in treated animals had reduced androgen receptor (AR) expression. While decreased proliferation was found in vitro, increase in apoptosis was found to be the reason for decreased tumor growth in vivo. Also, an anti-angiogenic effect was observed after VPA treatment. Conclusion. VPA inhibits tumor growth by multiple mechanisms including cell cycle arrest, induction of differentiation, and inhibition of growth of tumor vasculature.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":15858721,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2103345221","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/180363","PubMedCentral":"3471003","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2012\/180363.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Shwachman Diamond syndrome (SDS) is a multisystem disorder with heterogeneous clinical presentation. We examined medical records of 11 patients (now age 9\u201330 years, with confirmed SBDS gene mutation) attending SDS multidisciplinary clinic in Leeds (UK) to understand their clinical characteristics, time to diagnosis and progression over time. Results Seven children in our group had one affected SDS relative; all had variable presentation, severity and progression; genotype-phenotype correlation did not exist even within affected siblings in same family. Median age at initial presentation was 3 months (0\u20137 m) with median delay to clinical diagnosis at 17 months (2 m\u201312 yr). Failure to thrive or steatorrhoea together accounted for initial concern in 81%. Most (7\/11) had documented negative sweat test at an early age with proven exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) in 3\/11, yet suspicion of SDS was not raised despite SDS being the second commonest cause of EPI after cystic fibrosis. The severity of symptoms at presentation and rate of progression influenced the recognition and suspicion of the condition. Over time, all patients developed recurrent infections, haematological abnormalities, dental\/skeletal abnormalities and neuropsychological\/ developmental issues. During follow up, growth and pancreatic insufficiency improved, bone marrow became dysplastic in 30% with decrease in the frequency\/severity of infections. There was no leukemic transformation or deaths in our study group. Conclusion Timely and early referral to specialist services will not only prevent morbidity, enable appropriate follow up with early recognition of complications and institution of preventive patient care but also promote family's understanding of and coping with the syndrome.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":73123051,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2126022726","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/ARCHDISCHILD-2014-307384.380","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Wetlands Reserve Program (WRP) can provide farmers financial compensation in exchange for retiring marginal lands from standard agricultural practices. Often overlooked in the analysis is the cost to the government to implement these programs. This paper examines two issues: first do farmers benefit from WRP enrollment and second does the government say money with WRP enrollment. With WRP the government no longer has to pay yearly direct, counter-cyclical, LDP, or crop insurance payments. Results from three Mississippi counties show that for certain crops that have historically paid a lot in government payments, WRP can be cheaper for the government. For farmers, the decision likely depends upon other revenue sources that can take the place of lost crop production.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":153977590,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1577714053","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this thesis we use sentiment analysis, a classification task within the field of artificial intelligence, for financial applications. Hereunder, we combine machine learning, computational linguistics, and statistical methods for anticipating stock price behavior of ten shares listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange (OSE). These predictions have been made on the basis of sentiment classifications of firm-specific news articles, output by our specially constructed sentiment engine, and an aggregated market-wide sentiment index. The motivation for this approach comes from news being a most felicitous source of financial information; in effect a widely-read filtering and aggregating funnel of sentiments. Furthermore, the OSE has been selected, firstly, for its faculty of being inefficient, compared to peer marketplaces, and, secondly, for the inherent barriers to processing the Norwegian language associated with the exchange, having meagre linguistic resources. If able to surmount these barriers and exploit the predictive value of news sentiments, one could potentially attain a competitive advantage trading in this market. In constructing the named sentiment engine, we have found contextual features to be paramount in classification precision in addition to having developed and optimized a parsimonious approach to sentiment lexica construction. Despite the lack of linguistic resources, we achieve state-of-the-art classification precision in this approach using manual annotation. The engine has been found to make statistically significant predictions on stock return, volume, and order size. Positive articles, predominantly, lead to significant increases in volume while negative articles predict the opposite effect. The same is the general proclivity for order size. For return, only negative articles impact future stock price behavior, ceteris paribus, depreciating subsequent stock prices. The interaction between news articles and market-wide sentiment is also statistically significant. Although the sign of this latter effect seems firm-idiosyncratic, our analysis reveal that illiquid stocks exhibit stronger reactions than liquid stocks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":106459758,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"613583061","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between the expression of Toll-like receptor-9 (TLR-9) and cell proliferation and apoptosis in hypoxic nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line HNE-1 (EBV positive) and CNE-1 (EBV negative) were used. Cells were divided into normal control group, hypoxia group and hyperoxia group. Hypoxic conditions were 5% CO2 and 0.01% partial pressure of oxygen, hyperoxia conditions were 5% CO2 and 10% partial pressure of oxygen. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of TLR-9 mRNA and protein at 6, 12 and 24 h after the beginning of cell culture. MTT assay was used to detect the cell proliferation rate and flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis rate. Expression levels of TLR-9 mRNA and protein in hypoxia group reached the peak at 12 h after the beginning of cell culture, and were significantly higher than those of hyperoxia group at all time-points, expression levels of TLR-9 mRNA and protein of control group were the lowest, difference between groups were all statistically significant (P<0.05). No significant changes in expression levels of TLR-9 mRNA and protein were found in control group and hyperoxia group between different time-points (P>0.05). Compared with the other two groups, cell proliferation rate was gradually decreased and apoptotic rate was gradually decreased in hypoxia group, significant differences were found between hypoxia group, and control group and hyperoxia group (P<0.05), no significant differences were found between control group and hyperoxia group (P>0.05). In conclusion, TLR-9 was highly expressed in hypoxic nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis, which may be an important mechanism of tumorigenesis and a potential target for intervention therapy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":26269431,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2766637179","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3892\/ol.2017.7235","PubMedCentral":"5727595","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/www.spandidos-publications.com\/10.3892\/ol.2017.7235\/download","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In practical applications of pairing-based cryptosystems, the efficiency of pairing computation is a crucial factor. Recently, there have been many improvements for the computation of Tate pairing, which focuses on the arithmetical operations under given elliptic curve. Based to the characteristics that Miller's algorithm will be improved tremendous if there are subgroups with order of low hamming prime above the elliptic curve, an algorithm of generating primes of low hamming with weight 3 is given in this paper. Then, we present an effective generation method of elliptic curve, which enable it feasible that there is certain some subgroup of low hamming prime order. The improvement of paring computation is marked above the elliptic curve generating by our method.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":122054778,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2055416207","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.113-116.6","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The Water Engineering Master Course is a university-specific degree at the University of Seville which nowadays can be coursed in two different modalities: \"on line\" and \"semi-attendance\". Its first edition took place at 2000 and since then, the average of graduated students has been of 40 students per course. The semi-attendance mode offers the possibility of being followed in an on-line way from November to June. A Moodle platform provides all the documentation that is required to attend every module, at the end of each one some online questionnaires are also uploaded in order to evaluate the students. Only one of the 10 mandatory modules which make up the course have to be attended in a classroom mode. It takes place during 15 days in July and allows the students to come into contact with the lecturers, professionals of the sector and their own mates as well. During this period both, teachers and students, are lodged in the same residence and all of them have the chance of interchanging experiences in a full teaching-learning process, solving doubts and improving their skills thanks to specific courses, specially designed in function of the lack of knowledge which has been detected during de previous modules, o even, the suggestions received directly from students. Most of the students come from Hispanic countries and in less amount from African and European countries. Actually every July about 80 students and teachers from 25 different countries around the world, meet in Seville to attend this Master. The classes are given in Spanish with translator support if it's necessary. Different environments, problematic and conditioning factors are studied and a large kind of solutions in water cycle are designed during these days. The requirements to elaborate the final master project are mainly that this one can be used to resolve a real local problem in the student's origin place and moreover the student can obtain better marks if he\/she finds financing to carry it out. In the last 8 years a useful module named \"Tools for design\" has been included in the program of the Master in order to enable the student in IT, specifically spreadsheets, cad, software for budgeting and measurement, topography and decision support systems. Students who graduate are able to evaluate the most proper technology from a social, technic and economic point of view, as well as, select the most efficient alternatives in order to achieve a sustainable development.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":111918324,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2334754815","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.21125\/INTED.2016.0856","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents an optimal and efficient path planner based on an annular space decomposition (ASD) scheme for Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) operating in turbulent, cluttered and uncertain environments. The proposed scheme decomposes the search space into annular regions, and allows placing one or more control points within each of this region. The trajectory is then generated from this set of control points by using Splines. This arrangement gives more freedom to the placement of the control points, while still restricting the search space to reduce computation time. The ASD scheme has been integrated with both the Genetic Algorithm and the Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization based path planner and tested to generate an optimal trajectory for an AUV travelling through a turbulent ocean field in the presence of obstacles located with positioning uncertainty. Simulation results show that the resulting approach is able to obtain a more optimized trajectory than the concentric circle constrained method, and has faster convergence speed and use less computation time than the unconstrained full space searching method. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate the robustness and superiority of the proposed ASD scheme compared with the other two schemes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":563090,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2021680031","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/AUV.2012.6380759","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"With a common study protocol, case-referent studies within cohorts were performed in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, and Finland to study reproductive hazards of women doing dry-cleaning work. Due to national differences not all of the studies could follow exactly the same procedures in data collection, but they were all based on the linkage of cohorts of dry-cleaning and laundry workers to national registers of births and reproductive failures. Summary measures from each study were combined without the data being pooled. The most significant finding was an increased risk of spontaneous abortion among the most exposed women in the Finnish data. This finding was only supported by the results of the other studies to a minor degree, and the combined odds ratio had confidence limits which included unity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":43275211,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2035871899","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5271\/SJWEH.1800","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present a deterministic local routing scheme that is guaranteed to find a path between any pair of vertices in a half-\u03b86-graph whose length is at most 5\/\u221a3 = 2.886... times the Euclidean distance between the pair of vertices. The half-\u03b86-graph is identical to the Delaunay triangulation where the empty region is an equilateral triangle. Moreover, we show that no local routing scheme can achieve a better competitive spanning ratio thereby implying that our routing scheme is optimal. This is somewhat surprising because the spanning ratio of the half-\u03b86-graph is 2. Since every triangulation can be embedded in the plane as a half-\u03b86-graph using O(log n) bits per vertex coordinate via Schnyder's embedding scheme (SODA 1990), our result provides a competitive local routing scheme for every such embedded triangulation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":16990744,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2242269073","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5555\/2095116.2095220","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Thromboembolic disorders are very common across world, frequently a leading cause of death. Appropriate use of Anticoagulant plays an important role in management of prevention and treatment thromboembolic disorders like Deep vein thrombosis, Pulmonary embolism, Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation, prosthetic heart valves etc. Vitamin K antagonists, e.g., acenocoumerol or warfarin are frequently used as oral anticoagulants worldwide over 50 years in clinical practice. Anticoagulation management never complete with Five Cs i.e. complications, compliance, confidence, convenience and cost and success of anticoagulation management totally depends upon five Cs of anticoagulation. The association between patient knowledge and enhanced anticoagulation control is well documented. Patient education in anticoagulation management as well as well-defined regular patient education programs leads to increase adherence to the therapy and definitely good compliance. Good compliance also develops confidence and reduces the complications because of anticoagulation therapy. Anticoagulation clinics will definitely have a role in anticoagulation management but in country like India they are very few. Self-monitoring device are available in India but because of coast factor and lack of awareness not getting utilised at patient level.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":2,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":76541719,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2317785683","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4172\/2165-8048.1000212","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4172\/2165-8048.1000212","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"(2), PDF (2004). zoos. Science , 7 (3), 189-195. J. (2005). Animal Welfare and Nature Conservation Laws in Singapore: A Moral Duty to Non-Human Nature. Pac. Envtl. L. , 9 , 39. I examine the broad critical basis of animal welfare and nature conservation laws in Singapore. Three different worldviews of the environment, namely anthropocentrism, biocentrism, and ecocentrism, each with a different locus of value and a different set of associated ethics, are considered. Setting the backdrop to this study, I introduce and evaluate the claims made by some writers that international environmental law has begun to shift towards a non-anthropocentric ethic. I examine and find such claims exaggerated but no unfounded; there are weak signs of a non-anthropocentric ethic driving aspects of international environmental law, but it is still early days to conclude that international environmental law is becoming non-anthropocentric. I then examine the animal welfare and nature conservation laws in Singapore and conclude that in contrast to developments in international environmental law, the environmental ethic underlying animal welfare and nature laws in Singapore remains strongly anthropocentric. Finally, I consider and reject the normative arguments for a shift towards protecting animal welfare and conserving nature out of respect for the inherent worth of animals or nature. & This technical paper provides a comprehensive review of the use of wild fish as feed inputs for aquaculture covering existing practices and their sustainability as well as implications of various feed-fish fisheries scenarios. It comprises four regional reviews (Africa and the Near East, Asia and the Pacific, Europe, and Latin America and North America) and three case studies from Latin America (Chile, Peru and the study on the use of the Argentine anchoita in Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil). The four regional reviews specifically address the sustainable use of finite wild fish resources and the role that feed-fish fisheries may play for food security and poverty alleviation in these four regions and elsewhere. With additional information from case studies in China and Viet Nam, a global synthesis provides a perspective on the status and trends in the use of fish as feed and the issues and challenges confronting feed-fish fisheries. Based on the information presented in the global synthesis, regional reviews and three case studies, and through the fresh analysis of information presented elsewhere, an exploratory paper examines the use of wild fish as aquaculture feed from the perspective of poverty alleviation and food security. This paper is positioned within on-going debates about the expansion and re-theorization of political geography's ambit. It argues that animals could and should be included as subjects within sub-disciplinary research. Whilst political ecologists regularly employ animal conservation case studies to detail the complexities of struggles over resource distributions, this work often frames animals as static components of a thoroughly human sociality. This paper draws on conceptual debates within cultural geography, in particular those pertaining to 'animal' and 'hybrid' geographies. It argues that animals be viewed as dynamic beings, inextricable to political processes, and integral to the formation and operation of the political networks that regulate, protect and exploit them. This assertion is elaborated here through discussions of recent campaigns to end bear bile farming in East Asia, in particular, the work of the Hong Kong-based charity Animals Asia Foundation. This example aims to illuminate the potential strengths and limitations of arguing through a 'hybrid geography' lens, and aims to stimulate further debate around the standing of animals within an enlarged and enlarging Illegal and unsustainable trade in wildlife is a major conservation challenge. For Asian primates, economic and cultural traditions, and increased forest access mean that trade may have become detrimental for certain species. Slow and slender lorises ( Nycticebus and Loris ) are primates particularly prevalent in trade, determined until now by focused counts of lorises in regional markets. Here, we use international trade statistics and a participant\u2013observer approach to assess culturally specific drivers for trade in lorises in South and Southeast Asia, to provide a broader context to help mitigate this practice. Analysis of international records for the last 30 years revealed that live animal trade was more prevalent than trade in body parts (slow lorises, 86.4%; slender lorises, 91.4%), with Laos, Cambodia, and Thailand the largest exporters. We then examine drivers of international and domestic trade based on long \u2010 term data from 1994\u20132009 in Sri Lanka, Cambodia, and Indonesia. We show that slender lorises are important in Sri Lankan folklore, but their use as pets and for traditional medicine is rare. Trade in Bengal slow and pygmy lorises in Cambodia for use in traditional medicines, a practice with deeply historical roots, is widespread. Despite its own set of myths about the magical and curative properties of lorises, trade in Javan, Bornean, and greater slow lorises in Indonesia is largely for pets. Conservation practices in Asia are often generalized and linked with the region's major religions and economies. We show here that, in the case of wildlife trade, culturally specific patterns are evident among different ethnic groups, even within a country. Revealing such patterns is the foundation for developing conservation management plans for each species. We suggest some participatory methods for each country that may aid in this process. PDF This article discusses the prevalence, economic and performance impact on poultry of mycotoxicoses and the use of adsorbents for mycotoxin prevention in the Asia-Pacific region. The results of in vivo studies on the use of Mycosorb, a yeast-derived glucan-based polymer mycotoxin binder, in poultry diets containing aflatoxin, ochratoxin and zearalenone are also presented. Mycosorb has been proven to protect birds from the adverse effects of multiple mycotoxins. In 1999 there were only two semi-clandestine dog-meat restaurants in Hoi An, a town in Central Vietnam. In 2004 there were dozens, serving mostly men of the new middle class. This article explores the sudden popularity of dog meat in Hoi An and discusses its meanings. Based on traditional forms, eating dog meat expresses masculinity. While class distinctions, religious propensities, and processes of modernization shape local attitudes regarding this culinary trend, the overarching theme that explains the sudden proliferation of dog-meat restaurants in Hoi An is political and has to do with the diners' attitude towards the regime: eating dog meat expresses political allegiance, while avoiding it indicates disdain. (Dog meat, politics, masculinity, Confucianism, Vietnam). Baek, K. (2017). A Study on the Animal Experiment of Minor Students. 96. opinions whether the effect learning is existence of students who undergone dissection experiments on living animals of elementary, middle, and students who are minors. The negative effects of the dissection experiment are that it undermines the right to life of the animal, is the object, and that students can confuse the spiritual impact and through the process The complex and diverse nature of the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) region for Asia, the Far East and Oceania presents both challenges and opportunities in implementing improved approaches to animal welfare. Drivers for improvements include social values, culture, religion, political interest, trade, an increasing global awareness of animal welfare issues, an increasing demand for meat and dairy products, the interest of non-governmental organisations, and the mandate given to the OIE to develop science-based standards for animal welfare. The outcomes-based OIE standards can be amended in the light of new scientific knowledge and implemented by countries in a manner best suited to meet their needs. A number of regional initiatives are described, including a regional strategy, examples of national activities, projects run by the OIE Collaborating Centre for Animal Welfare Science and Bioethical Analysis, and trade measures. Although the overall outlook for improvements in the region looks promising, implementation of standards over the longer term will require ongoing political commitment, resources and cultural change to ensure sustained improvements. key academics in agriculture, and business managers and leaders within the domestic animal agriculture industries, as relevant to each country. After conducting thematic analysis and applying basic statistical measures, the findings suggest that solutions within the themes of education, training, and awareness are most valued. However, how each of these could be best addressed varied by country. The need for local research and local solutions also contributed to the most frequent opportunities, as did the requirement for prescriptive and consistent standards and expectations. A ranking of animal welfare issues is presented, as is a selection of suggested animal welfare initiatives resulting from the findings of this study. Sinclair, S., Phillips, The impact of stakeholders' roles within the industry on their attitudes to livestock in Animals 7 (2), 6. Stakeholders in the livestock industry are in a position to make critical choices that directly impact on animal welfare during slaughter and transport. Understanding the attitudes of stakeholders in livestock-importing countries, including factors that motivate the stakeholders to improve animal welfare, can lead to improved trade relations with exporting developed countries and improved animal welfare initiatives in the importing countries. Improving stakeholder attitudes to livestock welfare may help to facilitate the better welfare that is in","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":264157973,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Mechanisms of cationic lipid-based nucleic acid delivery are receiving increasing attention, but despite this the factors that determine high or low activity of lipoplexes are poorly understood. This study is focused on the fine structure of cationic lipid-DNA complexes (lipoplexes) and its relevance to transfection efficiency. Monocationic (N-(1-(2,3-dioleoyloxy)propyl),N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride,N-(1-(2,3-dimyristyloxypropyl)-N,N-dimethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium bromide) and polycationic (2,3-dioleyloxy-N-[2(sperminecarboxamido)ethyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanammonium trifluoroacetate) lipid-based assemblies, with or without neutral lipid (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine, 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol) were used to prepare lipoplexes of different L+\/DNA\u2212 charge ratios. Circular dichroism, cryogenic-transmission electron microscopy, and static light scattering were used for lipoplex characterization, whereas expression of human growth hormone or green fluorescent protein was used to quantify transfection efficiency. All monocationic lipids in the presence of inverted hexagonal phase-promoting helper lipids (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylethanolamine, cholesterol) induced appearance of \u03a8\u2212 DNA, a chiral tertiary DNA structure. The formation of \u03a8\u2212 DNA was also dependent on cationic lipid-DNA charge ratio. On the other hand, monocationic lipids either alone or with 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine as helper lipid, or polycationic 2,3-dioleyloxy-N-[2(sperminecarboxamido)ethyl]-N,N-dimethyl-1-propanammonium trifluoroacetate-based assemblies, neither of which promotes a lipid-DNA hexagonal phase, did not induce the formation of \u03a8\u2212 DNA. Parallel transfection studies reveal that the size and phase instability of the lipoplexes, and not the formation of \u03a8\u2212 DNA structure, correlate with optimal transfection.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":6853278,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2058811553","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1074\/JBC.M105588200","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Purpose. To achieve the optimal clarity of visualization and obtaining quantitative data of the density and structure of the newly formed bone.\nMaterials and methods. Digital processing of the leg X-rays at different stages of lengthening was made in 19 patients with achondroplasia and subjectively low height using a personal computer. The use of color contrasting served as an additional information attribute allowing to objectify the process of image interpretation owing to the fact that the human eye can distinguish more colors than the tones of any one and the same color displayed on the X-ray.\nResults. The zoned structure of the regenerated bone was clearly visualized on the X-rays during distraction and fixation, the height of the bone parts could be determined, as well as the height of radiolucency zone (a connective-tissue interlayer), and their qualitative parameters could be evaluated. It is practically impossible to identify the differences in the status of the distal and proximal regenerated bones, as well as their parts especially in the front X-ray view at the end of fixation period and after the fixator removal when the borders between its zones disappeared. After the X-ray processing using \u00abHi-scene\u00bb software the differences in the optical density of the proximal, central, and distal parts of the regenerated bone were revealed.\nConclusion. The use of this technique allowed identifying the differences in the structure of different regenerated bone parts and those after the fixator dismounting when it was not always possible to visualize such differences by X-rays.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":109319968,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1957716180","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\nIn a database of electronic health records, the amount of available information varies widely between patients. In a real-time prediction scenario, a machine learning model may receive limited information for some patients.\n\n\nOBJECTIVES\nOur aim was to evaluate the influence of missing data on real-time prediction of delirium, and detect changes in prediction performance when training separate models for patients with missing data.\n\n\nMETHODS\nWe compared a model trained specifically on data with missing values to the currently implemented model predicting delirium. Also, we simulated five test data sets with different amount of missing data and compared the prediction results to the prediction on complete data set when using the same model.\n\n\nRESULTS\nFor patients with missing laboratory and nursing assessment data, a model trained especially for this scenario performed significantly better than the implemented model. The combination of procedure data and demographic data achieved the closest results to a prediction with a complete data set.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nAn ongoing evaluation of real-time prediction is indispensable. Additional models adapted to the information available might improve prediction performance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":162182010,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2945811605","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3233\/978-1-61499-971-3-65","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"who a year later introduced him into the Lunar Society. Later, however, Darwin seems to have become jealous of Withering's multifarious successes, and their friendship soured. Darwin's failure to mention Withering in either of his publications was reprehensible, but the omission of Withering's name from the other publications was probably due to ignorance of his contribution. Darwin ended his paper to the royal college by saying that digitalis wanted only \"the stamp of some great name, to make it current amongst the faculty.\" Doubtless he hoped that that name would be his own, but posterity has accorded the accolade to its rightful recipient, William Withering. J K ARONSON","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":2189504,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2030625609","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.6067.1032-b","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/europepmc.org\/articles\/pmc1605981?pdf=render","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OBJECTIVES\nA recent study reported that trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole caused acute psychosis in four renal transplant patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. We aimed to investigate the incidence of and factors associated with trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole-related acute psychosis in HIV-infected patients with P. jirovecii pneumonia.\n\n\nMETHODS\nWe reviewed the medical records of HIV-infected patients who presented with P. jirovecii pneumonia and received trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole at six major hospitals in Taiwan from July 2009 to May 2011. Acute psychosis was defined as the occurrence of hallucinations or delusions following the initiation of trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole during hospitalization.\n\n\nRESULTS\nDuring the study period, 135 patients receiving trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole for P. jirovecii pneumonia were enrolled and 16 (11.9%; 95% CI, 6.3%-17.4%) developed acute psychosis after a median duration of 5 days of trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole treatment (range, 3-11 days). The incidence increased from 0% (0\/16) in patients who received a daily trimethoprim dose of \u226412 mg\/kg to 23.5% (4\/17) in those who received a daily trimethoprim dose of >18 mg\/kg. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, a higher daily dose of trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole (OR, per 1 mg increase of trimethoprim, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.12-1.76; P\u200a=\u200a0.0035) and use of adjunctive steroids (OR, 4.43; 95% CI, 1.14-17.15; P\u200a=\u200a0.031) were associated with acute psychosis.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nIn this case series, 11.9% of HIV-infected patients developed acute psychosis while receiving trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole for P. jirovecii pneumonia. While the study was limited by its retrospective design, the risk appeared to increase with increasing daily dose of trimethoprim\/sulfamethoxazole in those vulnerable patients with multiple risks for acute psychosis.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":14362114,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2139210374","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks283","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jac\/article-pdf\/67\/11\/2749\/2096851\/dks283.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Pleurotus nebrodensis were packaged with PVC and PE with different thickness (0.03 mm and 0.05 mm) at 4\u00b0\u0421. Package gas composition, respiration rate and relative electrolyte leakage were measured during storage at 4\u00b0\u0421 and 95%RH for 28 days. The results showed that auto modified atmosphere pattern would be formed at 7th day of the storage. The atmosphere concentration in the package of 0.05 mm films was 0.1~5% O2 and 6%~10%CO2 after 7days, then maintaining the atmosphere concentration stable in the following days of the storage test. Compared to the 0.03 mm film, the 0.05 mm film was more effective for decreasing respiration rate and electrolyte leakage of pleurotus nebrodensis to delay its senescence. It could be taken for granted that pleurotus nebrodensis was apt to storage in the circumstance of low O2 and high CO2.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":135711072,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2018296978","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.201-203.2615","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Vorgeschlagene Zitierweise\/Suggested citation: Ha, J. H.; Gourlay, Tim; Nadarajah, N. (2016): Measured Ship Motions in Port of Geraldton Approach Channel. In: Uliczka, Klemens; B\u00f6ttner, Carl-Uwe; Kastens, Marko; Eloot, Katrien; Delefortrie, Guillaume; Vantorre, Marc; Candries, Maxim; Lataire, Evert (Hg.): 4th MASHCON International Conference on Ship Manoeuvring in Shallow and Confined Water with Special Focus on Ship Bottom Interaction. Karlsruhe: Bundesanstalt f\u00fcr Wasserbau. S. 236-250. https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.18451\/978-3-939230-38-0_28.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":222430061,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Increasing longevity has led to a rising number of adult children who are at higher ages when they provide care for their parents. Drawing on the lifecourse approach and exchange theory, the paper addresses similarities and differences in parent care between late middle-aged and older adult children. The study uses the UK Household Longitudinal Study, restricting the analysis sample to individuals aged 50 and older with a living parent or parent-in-law. It presents multivariate models to examine differences between late middle-aged (aged 50\u201364) and older (aged 65+) children in being a parent carer, providing intensive care, the duration of parent care and providing selected types of help to parents. The involvement in parent care increases among women up to the end of their seventh decade of life and for men up to their eighth decade of life. At higher ages, the proportion of parent carers decreases more strongly for women than men. Older carers have shorter care-giving episodes than younger carers, but there is no significant difference in the type of care provided. Even past retirement age, parent care remains classed and gendered, with women from lower social classes having the highest likelihood of providing intensive parent care in old age. Having dependent children or living in a non-marital union depress the likelihood of caring for a parent even past retirement age.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":238043085,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3169910438","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X21000799","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Deep learning achieves remarkable generalization capability with overwhelming number of model parameters. Theoretical understanding of deep learning generalization receives recent attention yet remains not fully explored. This paper attempts to provide an alternative understanding from the perspective of maximum entropy. We first derive two feature conditions that softmax regression strictly apply maximum entropy principle. DNN is then regarded as approximating the feature conditions with multilayer feature learning, and proved to be a recursive solution towards maximum entropy principle. The connection between DNN and maximum entropy well explains why typical designs such as shortcut and regularization improves model generalization, and provides instructions for future model development.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":1693294,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2769992719","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"1711.07758"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The lightness of magnesium makes it an attractive material for applications where weight reduction is critical, in particular, consumer electronics and transportation industries. Despite its advantages as a material the use of magnesium worldwide is a tiny fraction of other materials (steel, plastic, aluminium). Amongst the reasons for this, the metal's price has not been a significant factor until recently. Throughout the period of 2001-2006, magnesium has been cheaper than both aluminium and zinc on a volumetric basis. An issue that magnesium presently faces is a perceived insecurity of supply. 77% of primary magnesium is produced within China and the price has seen some enormous shifts. In late 2005 the magnesium price (primary FOB China) was about 1500USD\/t. By the third quarter of 2008 it had risen to over 6000USD\/t only to fall in recent month to below 3000USD\/t. The current pricing levels of around 3000USD\/t could prove beneficial if maintained over a long period, if it led to the establishment of new producers and a diversification of the supply base.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137533383,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1978773175","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/MSF.618-619.3","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background: More than 34 million adults \u226518 years have diabetes in the U.S. Adverse social conditions associated with poor health, or social risk factors, contribute to poorer access to care, quality of care, and clinical outcomes for adults with diabetes. Intersectionality, defined as having multiple marginalized\/disadvantaged social identities that reflect larger-scale inequalities and systems of oppression, may contribute to diabetes disparities. The study objective was to assess differences in the relationship between intersectionality and social risk factors between men and women with diabetes.\n Methods: Data of 2,476 adults (weighted sample = 1,144,573) from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were analyzed. The outcomes were physical and mental health quality of life, and the predictor was intersectionality summed as Non-Hispanic White, age \u226565 years, unemployment, less than high school education, and income <$25K. Covariates included comorbidities, insurance, region, and metropolitan statistical area. Logistic regression models were found for each of the outcomes to assess their independent association with intersectionality.\n Results: In the fully adjusted model, women with 3+ intersecting social identities were 4x more likely to have poorer physical health (OR=4.13 (95% CI 0.54, 7.73)) compared to women reporting no intersectionality. Men with food insecurity were 5x more likely to have poorer mental health (OR=4.93, 95% CI 1.02, 8.84) than men without food insecurity, whereas women with food insecurity were 3x more likely to have poorer mental health (OR=2.56, 95% CI 0.61, 4.51) compared to women without food insecurity. There were no significant associations between intersectionality and housing instability in this sample.\n Conclusions: These findings suggest the need for understanding the influence of intersectionality among women with diabetes and social risk factors, especially food insecurity, among men and women with diabetes.\n \n \n J.S.Williams: None. A.Thorgerson: None. M.N.Ozieh: None. L.E.Egede: None.\n \n \n \n National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K24DK093699, R01DK118038, R01DK120861 and R21DK123720)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":249261379,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2337\/db22-608-p","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The paper presents a novel method for the flotation separation of Cd2+ with ternary association complex system prior to the determination by spectrophotometry. The effects of different parameters,such as the dosages of KI and octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (OTMAC),various salts and acidity etc. on the flotation yield of Cd 2+ have been investigated to select the experimental conditions. The possible flotation mechanism of Cd2+ was discussed.The results showed that by controlling pH2.0,in the presence of 1.0g (NH4)2SO4, when the dosage of 0.1 mol\u2022L-1 KI solution was 2.00 mL and 0.01 mol\u2022L-1 OTMAC solution was 2.00 mL respectively, the water-insoluble ternary association complex of (OTMAC)2(CdI4) which produced by Cd 2+ and I-,OTMAC cation (OTMAC+) floated above water phase and liquid-solid phases were formed with clear interface,while Mn2+ , Ni2+ ,Co2+ , Zn2+ and Al 3+ could not be floated,so Cd2+ was floated quantitatively at pH2.0. Thereby, the quantitative separation of Cd2+ from the above metal ions could be achieved.A new method of determination of trace cadmium by flotation separation was established.The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of Cd 2+ in the sample of synthetic water and the flotation yield was 97.2%~108.7%.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":94492165,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1979057864","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.356-360.1234","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In his novel Pierrette, written in 1840, Balzac describes a case of chronic subdural hematoma, including its traumatic origin and surgical treatment. The description was written at a time when subdural hematoma was not seen as a separate clinical entity, and was generally thought to be the result of inflammation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":44578022,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This work describes the process of creation of a 70 billion word text corpus of English. We used an existing language resource, namely the ClueWeb09 dataset, as source for the corpus data. Processing such a vast amount of data presented several challenges, mainly associated with pre-processing (boilerplate cleaning, text de-duplication) and post-processing (indexing for efficient corpus querying using the CQL \u2010 Corpus Query Language) steps. In this paper we explain how we tackled them: we describe the tools used for boilerplate cleaning (jusText) and for de-duplication (onion) that was performed not only on full (document-level) duplicates but also on the level of near-duplicate texts. Moreover we show the impact of each of the performed pre-processing steps on the final corpus size. Furthermore we show how effective parallelization of the corpus indexation procedure was employed within the Manatee corpus management system and during computation of word sketches (one-page, automatic, corpus-derived summaries of a word's grammatical and collocational behaviour) from the resulting corpus.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":16790230,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2148822332","ACL":"L12-1624","DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The major challenge in the 21 st century is globalisation. It is an historical process underpinned by compression, 'a blurring of national borders,' interlocking of nations, and mounting transnational relations. However, such a vision may be shattered by economic fluctuations which may be induced by globalisation itself. In this context this paper using historical political economy explores more fully financial crises or shocks-exemplified by the 'Great (Gt) Depression' (1929-33), the 'Great (Gt) Recession' ((2008) and its aftermath, and those in the intervening years (1980's and 1990's). This unfolds the origin, the impact, and the policies to tackle crises. It emerges that the failure of financial markets and financial transactions impacts adversely on the real economy with resolution through the state and\/or the market. This is based on competing ideologies. Insights emerge into overcoming instabilities through collective action.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":252365355,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The diet and movements of a breeding population of the Red-tailed Black Cockatoo Calyptorhynchus banksi escondidus was studied between spring 1974 and the end of 1981 at Nereeno Hill in the northern wheatbelt of Western Australian. The birds fed almost exclusively on the seed of Double Gee Emex australis, an introduced, prolific, agricultural weed. When incubating and raising young nestlings, parents foraged within 5 km of their breeding area. However, once their nestlings were older, they often foraged more than 20 km from their nest hollows, commuting over an hour in the early morning and again in the evening. In doing so, they passed over available food, to join large, non-breeding, foraging flocks. Once the birds finished breeding they foraged widely in large flocks of over 1000 birds, up to 200 km from their breeding area. The dependence on the seed of an agricultural weed for food has allowed the birds to increase their distribution and abundance, but is a potential threat to the cockatoos, as any control measure that severely reduces the density of Double Gee may adversely impact on the distribution of the cockatoos in the southern part of their range.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":253069217,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7882\/az.2022.040","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/australian-zoologist\/article-pdf\/42\/4\/960\/3204367\/i2204-2105-42-4-960.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The microenvironment of the central nervous system is important for neuronal function and development. Dur- ing the early stages of embryo development the cephalic vesicles are filled by embryonic cerebrospinal fluid, a complex fluid containing different protein fractions, which contributes to the regulation of the survival, proliferation and neuro- genesis of neuroectodermal stem cells. The protein content of embryonic cerebrospinal fluid from chick and rat embryos at the start of neurogenesis has already been determined. Most of the identified gene products are thought to be involved in the regulation of developmental processes during embryogenesis. However, due to the crucial roles played by embry- onic cerebrospinal fluid during brain development, the embryological origin of the gene products it contains remains an intriguing question. According to the literature most of these products are synthesised in embryonic tissues other than the neuroepithelium. In this study we examined the embryological origin of the most abundant embryonic cerebrospinal fluid protein fractions by means of slot-blot analysis and by using several different embryonic and extraembryonic protein ex- tracts, immunodetected with polyclonal antibodies. This first attempt to elucidate their origin is not based on the proteins identified by proteomic methods, but rather on crude protein fractions detected by SDS-PAGE analysis and to which polyclonal antibodies were specifically generated. Despite some of the limitations of this study, i.e. that one protein frac- tion may contain more than one gene product, and that a specific gene product may be contained in different protein frac- tions depending on post-translational modifications, our results show that most of the analysed protein fractions are not produced by the cephalic neuroectoderm but are rather stored in the egg reservoir; furthermore, few are produced by em- bryo tissues, thus indicating that they must be transported from their production or storage sites to the cephalic cavities, most probably via embryonic serum. These results raise the question as to whether the transfer of proteins from these two embryo compartments is regulated at this early developmental stage.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":6343583,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2148892504","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2174\/1875039700801010001","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/benthamopen.com\/contents\/pdf\/TOPROTJ\/TOPROTJ-1-1.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Pilot contamination (PC) is a stumbling block in theway of realizing massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. This contribution proposes a location-aware channel estimation-enhanced massive MIMO system employing time-division duplexing protocol, which is capable of significantly reducing the inter-cell interference caused by PC and, therefore, improving the achievable system performance. Specifically, we present a novel location-aware channel estimation algorithm, which utilizes the property of the steering vector to carry out a fast Fourier transform-based post-processing after the conventional pilot-aided channel estimation for mitigating PC. Our asymptotic analysis proves that this post-processing is capable of removing PC from the interfering users with different angle-of-arrivals (AOAs). Since in practice the AOAs of some users may be similar, we further present a location-aware pilot assignment method to ensure that users utilizing the same pilot have distinguishable AOAs, in order to fully benefit from the location-aware channel estimation. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can dramatically reduce the inter-cell interference caused by the re-use of the pilot sequence and improve the overall system performance significantly, while only imposing a modest extra computational cost, in comparison with the conventional pilot-aided channel estimation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":24384664,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2553090309","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2016.2625306","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"One of the world's leading specialists in Indo-European religion and society, Bruce Lincoln expresses in these essays his severe doubts about the existence of a much-hypothesized prototypical Indo-European religion. Written over fifteen years, the essays-six of them previously unpublished-fall into three parts. Part I deals with matters \"Indo-European\" in a relatively unproblematized way, exploring a set of haunting images that recur in descriptions of the Otherworld from many cultures. While Lincoln later rejects this methodology, these chapters remain the best available source of data for the topics they address. In Part II, Lincoln takes the data for each essay from a single culture area and shifts from the topic of dying to that of killing. Of particular interest are the chapters connecting sacrifice to physiology, a master discourse of antiquity that brought the cosmos, the human body, and human society into an ideologically charged correlation. Part III presents Lincoln's most controversial case against a hypothetical Indo-European protoculture. Reconsidering the work of the prominent Indo-Europeanist Georges Dumezil, Lincoln argues that Dumezil's writings were informed and inflected by covert political concerns characteristic of French fascism. This collection is an invaluable resource for students of myth, ritual, ancient societies, anthropology, and the history of religions. Bruce Lincoln is professor of humanities and religious studies at the University of Minnesota.\"","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":145666250,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2081251415","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/3270404","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Powerful methods for integrated analysis of multiple biological data sets must be developed to maximize researchers' ability to interpret them and acquire meaningful knowledge. Projection onto the most interesting statistical evidence (PROMISE) is a powerful statistical procedure that has been recently developed to incorporate a biological paradigm for the relationships among endpoint variables into an integrated analysis of microarray gene expression data with multiple biological and clinical endpoints. Here, PROMISE is adapted to perform an integrated analysis of pharmacokinetic, clinical, and genome-wide genotype data that incorporates a clinically relevant biological paradigm for pharmacokinetic and clinical response data. An efficient permutation-testing algorithm is introduced so that statistical calculations are computationally feasible in this higher-dimension setting. The new method is applied to a pediatric leukemia data set. The results clearly indicate that PROMISE can be a very powerful statistical tool for identifying genomic features that exhibit a pattern of association with multiple endpoint variables which is concordant with a practically useful biological paradigm.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":402199,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2144993897","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/BIBM.2009.52","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Receptors of the Class Frizzled (FZD, nomenclature as agreed by the NC-IUPHAR subcommittee on the Class Frizzled GPCRs [156]), are GPCRs originally identified in Drosophila [17], which are highly conserved across species. While SMO shows structural resemblance to the 10 FZDs, it is functionally separated as it mediates effects in the Hedgehog signaling pathway [156]. FZDs are activated by WNTs, which are cysteine-rich lipoglycoproteins with fundamental functions in ontogeny and tissue homeostasis. FZD signalling was initially divided into two pathways, being either dependent on the accumulation of the transcription regulator \u03b2-catenin or being \u03b2-catenin-independent (often referred to as canonical vs. non-canonical WNT\/FZD signalling, respectively). WNT stimulation of FZDs can, in cooperation with the low density lipoprotein receptors LRP5 (O75197) and LRP6 (O75581), lead to the inhibition of a constitutively active destruction complex, which results in the accumulation of \u03b2-catenin and subsequently its translocation to the nucleus. \u03b2-Catenin, in turn, modifies gene transcription by interacting with TCF\/LEF transcription factors. \u03b2-Catenin-independent FZD signalling is far more complex with regard to the diversity of the activated pathways. WNT\/FZD signalling can lead to the activation of heterotrimeric G proteins [28, 159, 135], the elevation of intracellular calcium [164], activation of cGMP-specific PDE6 [2] and elevation of cAMP as well as RAC-1, JNK, Rho and Rho kinase signalling [48]. Novel resonance energy transfer-based tools have allowed the study of the GPCR-like nature of FZDs in greater detail. Upon ligand stimulation, FZDs undergo conformational changes and signal via heterotrimeric G proteins [213, 214]. Furthermore, the phosphoprotein Dishevelled constitutes a key player in WNT\/FZD signalling. Importantly, FZDs exist in at least two distinct conformational states that regulate the pathway selection [214]. As with other GPCRs, members of the Frizzled family are functionally dependent on the arrestin scaffolding protein for internalization [19], as well as for \u03b2-catenin-dependent [12] and -independent [80, 13] signalling. The pattern of cell signalling is complicated by the presence of additional ligands, which can enhance or inhibit FZD signalling (secreted Frizzled-related proteins (sFRP), Wnt-inhibitory factor (WIF), sclerostin or Dickkopf (DKK)), as well as modulatory (co)-receptors with Ryk, ROR1, ROR2 and Kremen, which may also function as independent signalling proteins.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":203888955,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2973973763","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2218\/gtopdb\/f25\/2019.4","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/journals.ed.ac.uk\/gtopdb-cite\/article\/download\/3179\/4158","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"According to the literature, cytokine levels observed in serum have a dependent relationship to a patient's age. Despite the recognition of this important relationship, it has been largely overlooked as a component in cytokine-based assay modeling and development. In a 466-subject breast cancer detection assay study, we examined the impact that age-stratified analysis has on a serum-cytokine-based assay's performance. Patient samples were analyzed for 4-cytokines (i.e. Interleukin-8 and Interleukin-12 p40\/p70, hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor) along with carcinoembryonic antigen, all of which are putatively associated with breast cancer. Age-unstratified (baseline) and age-stratified training models were constructed using linear and logistic regression to differentiate breast cancer from controls and validated using an independent set of patient data. Age-stratified models demonstrated respective training and validation area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve improvements over baseline of 20% and 58% for women ages 35\u201349; AUROC improvements of 12% and 42% for women ages 50\u201359; and AUROC shifts of +4% and \u221240% for women ages 60 and older. Predictive assay scores demonstrated similar findings. This study revealed substantive age-dependent shifts in cytokine expression measurements that were obfuscated in the age-unstratified assay modeling efforts. Such age-stratification considerations in other cytokine-based disease state detection assay development efforts could prove to be beneficial.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":97772297,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2133298119","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C0AY00038H","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"(Zr0.8Sn0.2)TiO4 ceramics with additives of ZnO, CuO, Bi2O3 and MnCO3 were prepared by the conventional mixed oxide route. They were characterized by TG\/DTA, SEM, EDS and a network analyzer. Microwave properties of (Zr0.8Sn0.2)TiO4 ceramics were investigated as a function of the amount of additives. The optimal values of dielectric constant er, quality factors Q*f and temperature coefficient of resonant frequency tf reached 35, 51000 GHz and 26 ppm\/\u00b0C respectively with 2.0 wt% MnCO3. Specimens with additives of ZnO, CuO and Bi2O3 had microwave properties of er = 35 ~ 39, Q*f = 9000 ~ 35000 GHz and tf = 15~40 ppm\/\u00b0C.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":137411052,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1994655112","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/KEM.280-283.91","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A HIGHWAY EMBANKMENT, WHEN OVERTOPPED BY FLOOD WATERS, IS A FORM OF BROAD-CRESTED WEIR. AS A WEIR, THE FLOOD DISCHARGE OVER THE EMBANKMENT IS ONLY A FUNCTION OF AN UPSTREAM DEPTH FOR FREE FLOW CONDITIONS. FREE FLOW EXISTS WHEN CRITICAL DEPTH OCCURS ON THE ROADWAY, USUALLY NEAR THE CROWN LINE. IF A STRUCTURE OR VEGETATION DOWNSTREAM FROM THE EMBANKMENT CONTROLS THE STAGE-DISCHARGE RELATIONSHIP, THE DEPTH OF FLOW AT THE EMBANKMENT MAY BE RAISED SUFFICIENTLY TO PREVENT THE OCCURRENCE OF CRITICAL DEPTH ON THE ROADWAY. IF CRITICAL DEPTH DOES NOT OCCUR, THEN SUBCRITICAL (SUBMERGED) FLOW EXISTS OVER THE EMBANKMENT. A METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE DISCHARGE UNDER SUBMERGED FLOW CONDITIONS USING AN UPSTREAM AND A DOWNSTREAM FLOW DEPTH IS PRESENTED. THE METHOD IS ILLUSTRATED USING DATA COLLECTED FROM MODEL HIGHWAY EMBANKMENTS. \/ASCE\/","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":127938657,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"186369710","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"What birth control method is most reliable? Can contraceptives protect me from AIDS? How can I choose the method that's best for me? Finding the answers to these and other questions about birth control can be tough. On the one hand, today's sexually active person has many contraceptive options. On the other hand, each option has pluses and minuses that must be weighed. For teenagers especially, asking questions about birth control can be awkward and difficult. Yet teenagers may be in greatest need of the facts. While there is no \"right\" method for everyone, The Whole Truth About Contraception is the right book for anyone making decisions about contraception--men and women, from teenagers to middle-agers. It illustrates male and female anatomy and explains how conception occurs. The book carefully describes the birth control methods available today: barrier (such as condoms and diaphragms), hormonal (the Pill and Norplant), intrauterine devices, surgical sterilization, and other approaches such as the \"rhythm\" method and breastfeeding as a contraceptive. For each method the authors discuss how well it prevents pregnancy, its potential effects on the user's health, and common problems. Illustrated \"how to\" sections are provided, and the authors comment on how each method typically affects sexual experience. The book also discusses how birth control products can be obtained and their cost. Precautions, tips on usage, and other features throughout the book will help each reader decide what type of contraception is best for his or her age, personal preferences, and situation in life. The Whole Truth About Contraception gives up-to-date information on new products, such as the female condom and the nonlatex male condom. The book provides details about contraception and sexually transmitted diseases, with an emphasis on AIDS. Also offered is an expanded discussion of \"emergency\" contraception, designed for use after unprotected sex. The book includes a full and factual discussion of abortion. Contraception may be the most important and deeply personal choice anyone has to make. This book provides the straight facts that will make the decision easier--and the results better for everyone.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":68742783,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"651791768","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Margaret Randall, To Change the World: My Years in Cuba (Piscataway, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2009), 256 pages, $24.95, paperback. Margaret Randall has always been too much of a feminist for the socialists and too much of a socialist for the feminists. She is one of the foremost oral historians of recent revolutionary history and, more specifically, of the history of women in revolutions. Yet her work has been consistently undervalued. Her memoir\u2026is a rare double opportunity: an intimate look at the Cuban Revolution from 1969 to 1980, and a fascinating portrait of the development of a historian, poet, and political thinker. This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website , where most recent articles are published in full. Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":154939016,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2085158668","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.14452\/MR-061-10-2010-03_5","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"During the Second World War, the Mackenzie King government faced two conscription crises, in 1942 and 1944, which divided Canadians along linguistic lines. This is the first academic history to examine the contributions of New Brunswick Acadians to the war effort, and their response to the conscription crises of 1942 and 1944. As a result of their separate identity and historical experiences, the response of Acadians in New Brunswick differed from that of other French Canadians and the anglophone majority. Acadians prided themselves on their participation and support for the war effort and opposed any attempts by anglophones to accuse them of shirking their duty. For them, opposition to conscription and support of the war effort coexisted; as a minority in an anglophone majority province, their opposition was more nuanced than that of Quebec.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":232007586,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3017955539","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.22215\/etd\/2019-13790","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"http:\/\/repository.library.carleton.ca\/downloads\/t722h992z","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Previous analyses of the inverse relationship between a nursing home's Medicaid census and its quality of care have been based on samples limited to specific geographic regions, for-profit entities, or only skilled care facilities. The present study uses national-level data from the 1999 National Nursing Home Survey to examine the association between the proportion of beds designated for Medicaid residents and nurse staffing ratios. The results indicate that homes which designate a higher proportion of their beds for Medicaid recipients maintain lower ratios of registered nurses and nurse's aides to residents, even when key facility characteristics are controlled. It was also found that nursing homes with a higher proportion of Medicaid beds offer lower nursing ratios regardless of their profit status or the difference between private pay rates and Medicaid reimbursement rates. Since lower nursing ratios have been previously linked to negative outcomes, these findings suggest that homes which rely more heavily upon Medicaid recipients may be using cost-cutting strategies which have negative implications for quality.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":46501287,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1971904237","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1300\/J045v22n01_02","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Graph Partitioning has several important applications in Computer Science, including VLSI circuit layout, image processing, and distributing workloads for parallel computation. It is known to be NP-hard. In this paper we present in detail the K-Graph Partitioning Problem and the Dynamic Distributed Double Guided Genetic Algorithm. This algorithm consists of agents dynamically created and cooperated in order to solve the problem. Each agent performs its own genetic algorithm, guided by the min-conflict-heuristic. The paper also presents the results of application the algorithm for the $K$-Graph Partitioning Problem using a multilevel paradigm.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":61392832,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2304284762","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"An increasing focus of interest in ponds over the last two decades arose largely because of concerns at the loss of ponds in intensively developed landscapes. In the UK pond numbers declined from approximately 800,000 in the nineteenth century to 200,000 by the 1980s. Since then pond numbers have started to increase. The focus on overall pond numbers overlooks the importance of the history and origins of different pond types. This study combines a detailed map based audit of pond numbers in south-east Northumberland, UK, recorded at seven time intervals since the mid nineteenth century with a survey of contemporary plant communities in ponds with known and distinct histories to examine changes to numbers of ponds and communities associated with ponds with different origins. 222 ponds were recorded in the study area in the mid nineteenth century, 257 in 2005\/08. However only 23 of the original ponds had survived with substantial losses and gains at all the map survey dates linked to changed land use from agriculture to coal mining then development of nature reserves and golf courses. Contemporary ponds on nature reserves, golf courses and subsidence ponds supported rather different plant communities to each other, with non native invasives in golf and nature reserve sites, whilst individual reserves differed from one another perhaps due to intentional planting. Surviving old farm ponds were usually degraded. The results show that the history of ponds in a region can create an important cultural biodiversity which pond conservation strategies should incorporate.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":32486361,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Nanocellulose microcapsules with internal hollows have previously been found to form when cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) are added to paper pulp before drying. In an effort to study such capsules removed from the paper matrix, attempts have been made to develop a production protocol using a aqueous layer-by-layer (LbL) technique. Studying the capsules separately is theorized to expose interesting interface properties as well as provide an opportunity for creation of sensors for use in gaseous environments. Before such possibilities can be investigated, capsules formation must be established. TEMPO-oxidized nanofibrilated cellulose (CNF-T) in combination with PDADMAC were adsorbed around central CaCO3 template particles to form the polyelectrolyte layers. Investigation into the use of freeze-drying with liquid N2 as coolant was done to confirmed this as a viable method for drying the resulting structures. The structures were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), alone or in combination with focused ion beam (FIB) milling. \u03b6-potential measurements show that the alternating layers began forming. Other techniques such as scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), optical microscopy and light scattering were also used. Characterization of the starting materials showed the template particles to have an average diameter of \u223c6.3 \u03bcm. The CNF-T fibrils were determined to have an average diameter of \u223c2.7 nm and rheological studies revealed a critical overlap concentration of 0.17% (w\/w). The process described in this work provides a first step towards creating layered capsules of CNF-T for use in further research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":139848485,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2920862457","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Land area occupied by tallgrass prairie has declined throughout the midcontinental United States during the past 2 centuries, and migratory birds breeding in these habitats have also experienced precipitous population declines. State and federal agencies have responded by restoring and reconstructing grassland habitats. To understand consequences of restoration for grassland bird populations, we combined demographic data collected over 4 breeding seasons (1999\u20132002) in northern Iowa, USA, with population projection models to estimate population growth rates of 2 declining migratory songbirds, dickcissels (Spiza americana) and bobolinks (Dolichonyx oryzivorus). To determine what parameters were critical for conservation of these species, we estimated relative contributions of nest predation, brood parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds (Molothrus ater), annual survival, and renesting to population growth using elasticity analysis. Based on model simulations, the population growth rate for dickcissels was not high enough to be stable without immigration into the area (\u03bb < 1). For bobolinks, populations could only be stable (\u03bb = 1) if annual survival was relatively high (adult survival >0.7, with juvenile survival between 0.2 and 0.5). Population growth rates were most sensitive to adult survival across a wide range of parameter estimates, whereas sensitivity to brood parasitism and renesting were consistently low. Elasticities associated with nest predation were highly variable and dependent on survival estimates. In the absence of changes in other demographic parameters, eliminating brood parasitism would not be enough to ensure stable populations of either species. Only management focused on increasing adult survival or decreasing nest predation could produce stable populations. Our results underscore the need for reliable adult survival estimates and conservation strategies focused throughout all phases of the annual cycle. In addition, our modeling approach provides an effective framework for investigating the importance of demographic parameters to population growth rates of birds that are influenced by nest predation, brood parasitism, and renesting. Although habitat restoration is one of the few alternatives for conserving communities in threatened landscapes, restoration strategies also need to have positive effects on population dynamics for species of concern, which has not been demonstrated in this grassland system.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":85603409,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2178132417","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2193\/0022-541X(2006)70[145:CDPFDS]2.0.CO;2","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Three Tonkin numbfish, Narcine prodorsalis were caught off the coast of Bangladesh in April 2018. Amongst these three specimens, one was morphometrically measured, photographed and transported to be persevered and catalogued at the zoological museum in the University of Dhaka. The specimens were morphologically identified using taxonomic keys and DNA samples (fin clips) have been collected for further studies. These specimens represent the first record of Narcine prodorsalis in Bangladesh waters and extend its distribution range. This is the first western most confirmed record of this species from its previously designated range in the western Pacific and Eastern Indian ocean. This contemporary record includes Bay of Bengal within its current distribution range. \nBangladesh J. Zool. 46(2): 147-154, 2018","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":135449899,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2906021765","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3329\/bjz.v46i2.39048","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3329\/bjz.v46i2.39048","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Retinal surgery is a complex activity that can be challenging for a surgeon to perform effectively and safely. Image guided robot-assisted surgery is one of the promising solutions that bring significant surgical enhancement in treatment outcome and reduce the physical limitations of human surgeons. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel method for 3D guidance of the instrument based on the projection of spotlight in the single microscope images. The spotlight projection mechanism is firstly analyzed and modeled with a projection on both a plane and a sphere surface. To test the feasibility of the proposed method, a light fiber is integrated into the instrument which is driven by the Steady-Hand Eye Robot (SHER). The spot of light is segmented and tracked on a phantom retina using the proposed algorithm. The static calibration and dynamic test results both show that the proposed method can easily archive 0.5 mm of tip-to-surface distance which is within the clinically acceptable accuracy for intraocular visual guidance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-18":2,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":213339113,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3111526764","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ISMR48331.2020.9312952","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":"2012.06292"},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, optimal scheduling on logistics task and logistics resources for the port logistics alliance operations is discussed, the logistics service cost and time of each node is comprehensively considered, in order to establish a multi-objective optimization model. At the same time, improve genetic algorithm in use of the advantage of tabu search climbing ability to design a genetic taboo hybrid algorithm, which enhances the solution efficiency. Hope this study can effectively realize optimal allocation on logistics resources and tasks for port logistics alliance.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110763605,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2074826513","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.71-78.4207","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract:\u2002 In the face of limited funding, knowledge, and time for action, conservation efforts often rely on shortcuts for the maintenance of biodiversity. The umbrella species concept\u2014proposed as a way to use species requirements as a basis for conservation planning\u2014has recently received growing attention. We reviewed the literature to evaluate the concept's general usefulness. An umbrella species is defined as a species whose conservation is expected to confer protection to a large number of naturally co\u2010occurring species. This concept has been proposed as a tool for determining the minimum size for conservation areas, selecting sites to be included in reserve networks, and setting minimum standards for the composition, structure, and processes of ecosystems. Among the species suggested as potential umbrellas, most are large mammals and birds, but invertebrates are increasingly being considered. Eighteen research papers, most of which were based on hypothetical reserves or conservation networks, have provided evaluations of umbrella species schemes. These show that single\u2010species umbrellas cannot ensure the conservation of all co\u2010occurring species because some species are inevitably limited by ecological factors that are not relevant to the umbrella species. Moreover, they provide evidence that umbrella species from a given higher taxon may not necessarily confer protection to assemblages from other taxa. On the other hand, multi\u2010species strategies based on systematic selection procedures (e.g., the focal species approach) offer more compelling evidence of the usefulness of the concept. Evaluations of umbrella species schemes could be improved by including measures of population viability and data from many years, as well as by comparing the efficiency of the proposed scheme with alternative management strategies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":73650330,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2158516920","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1739.2004.00450.x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A key objective of the European Union's Common Fisheries Policy reforms is the elimination of discards and a reduction in unwanted catches. Combining a discard ban with catch quotas, where all fish, independent of size, count towards quotas could create economic incentives for more selective fishing, reducing unwanted catches. We use fishing activities data from English North Sea otter trawlers to examine the impact of these measures on this fleet. Initial impacts depend on the scale of increase and distribution of quotas and are unevenly distributed, depending on catch and discard characteristics of vessels. Selective fishing will be rewarded as vessels that currently have low discards could increase catches and profits. Fishing by less selective vessels will be curtailed, reducing profits by 1\u201314%. This could be partially mitigated through reducing regulated catches but will require changes to fishing patterns as using currently available selective fishing gears may impact on profitability. So, catch quotas and a discard ban create strong incentives for more selective fishing practices, but also for non-compliance with full documentation of catches. A high level of monitoring and enforcement will be required to ensure that fishers improve profitability through more selective fishing practices rather than illegal discarding.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":83503279,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1989069769","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/ICESJMS\/FST187","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The application of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) to the abdomen produced prompt and sustained relief of the pain associated with pancreatitis in five patients and in another patient with probable acute pancreatitis. The disorder was acute in two patients and recurrent in four. Multiple hospitalizations, including the need for analgesics and opiates, had been required during previous attacks in five patients. In view of the simple and noninvasive nature of such treatment, more extensive clinical trials appear to be warranted. Some of the possible mechanisms of action for TENS analgesia are reviewed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":26671874,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2040750881","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1097\/00132586-197904000-00057","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although the benefits of requirements traceability are widely recognized, the actual practice of maintaining a traceability scheme is not always entirely successful. The traceability infrastructure underlying a software system tends to erode over its lifetime, as time-pressured practitioners fail to consistently maintain links and update impacted artifacts each time a change occurs, even with the support of automated systems. This paper proposes a new method of traceability based upon event-notification and is applicable even in a heterogeneous and globally distributed development environment. Traceable artifacts are no longer tightly coupled but are linked through an event service, which creates an environment in which change is handled more efficiently, and artifacts and their related links are maintained in a restorable state. The method also supports enhanced project management for the process of updating and maintaining the system artifacts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":36323277,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2142809450","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2003.1232285","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Although it has always been an important asset to those who posses it, in the current knowledge society, information is considered as one of the most important goods in our daily life (Machlup, 1962; Porat, 1977; Mueller 1995; Stiglitz, 2000). At the same time, the public sector is the biggest single producer and owner of a large variety of information (e.g., health and geographic information, financial reports, social and economic statistics, legislation and judicial proceedings, food and water resources information, and many other kinds of data and information, collectively referred to as Public Sector Information). Public Sector Information (PSI) represents an important resource with vast socio-economic potential to different communities. According to Horton (2002) diffusing public information and knowledge resources efficiently and effectively is essential to: \u2022 \"Sustaining the competitive competency of the country's businesses and industries, in both domestic and global marketplaces; \u2022 Attaining the highest levels of educational excellence for all the nation's children and adults in a lifelong learning context; \u2022 Enabling citizens to participate more effectively in all facets of a democratic society; \u2022 Informing public officials at all levels of government so that they can enact better laws, formulate and enact enlightened public policies, monitor the programs they authorize effectively, and govern fairly, equitably, and wisely; and, \u2022 Enhancing the quality of life of all a country's citizens, including responsibility to the special government information needs of disadvantaged and disabled individuals.\" (p.3) For example, governments can use this strategic resource to make sound policies and to promote transparency and accountability; and private sector can use it to produce innovative products and services, which in turn can contribute to the nation's economy. As for citizens, PSI is essential for exerting their civic rights and enabling democratic participation. For civil society organizations, PSI can be a strategic resource for their work, especially in areas such as poverty eradication, public health, food security, disaster management, and governance, where the combination of different types of PSI (e.g., geo-spatial, economic, and health data) can be of tremendous value for successful targeting and support of marginalized communities. Finally, scientific and policy research communities benefit tremendously from the PSI. The list of benefits to the community includes the promotion of interdisciplinary, inter-sector, interinstitutional, and international research. It is especially important for these communities when their research and activities are focused on socioeconomic development issues. My study focuses on this last community. In this poster presentation I share and discuss the preliminary analysis and initial findings from the data I collected during my six months fieldwork in South Africa for my dissertation titled: The Value of Public Sector Information as a Strategic Resource for Socioeconomic Development Research and Policy Activities in South Africa. In this study I investigate whether, and if so how, PSI is utilized by South African organization working in the area of socioeconomic development research. More specifically, my study aims to answer the following questions: To what extent and in what ways is PSI utilized by research organizations? What characteristics and conditions of the PSI facilitate or hinder its acquisition and assimilation? What organizational conditions enable successful exploitation of PSI by these organizations? Employing a qualitiative, multiple-case approach (Yin, 2003), I draw upon literature from the fields of economics of information and organizational studies. I use literature from economics of information to understand the differences between public vs. private information and the importance of external information to organizational innovation; and literature from organizational studies, particularly about absorptive capacity (Cohen & Levinthal, 1990), to understand the organizations' processes to identify, acquire (including factors that facilitate or hinder access and acquisition), assimilate, and exploit this strategic resource. My case studies explore how these organizations transform PSI from a source of potential value to a source of actual value to their socioeconomic development research. I also use ideas from organizational learning (Argyris & Schon, 1978; Huber, 1991) and organizational innovation (March & Simons, 1958) literatures to help me better understand the organizational conditions (internal and external) for successful utilization of the PSI. Mainly qualitative data were collected from these research organizations through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and document analysis over a period of six months. My initial analysis suggests that the PSI represents a very strategic resource to the development work of these organizations ( especially for what purposes and in what areas this resource is being used), uncovers very important obstacles facing these organizations in identifying, acquiring, and utilizing the South Africa PSI, and documents some best practices and organizational factors that facilitate these processes. It is expected that the discussions and findings of this study will have theoretical and policy contributions, and will be of special importance to organizations working in the area of socioeconomic development research, the government of South Africa (and hopefully governments in other developing countries), and subsequently to the people of South Africa.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":167371130,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2282843207","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This study was done to determine glucagon's effect on protein biliary excretion in anesthetized, bile duct-cannulated guinea pigs. Glucagon (1.4 nmol.min-1.kg-1) induced choleresis and increased protein biliary concentration from 0.12 +\/- 0.04 to 0.20 +\/- 0.6 mg\/ml and protein output from 22.8 +\/- 3.8 to 54.5 +\/- 16.1 micrograms.kg-1.min-1. Protein biliary excretion increased during the first 10 min of glucagon infusion and progressively declined thereafter. Biochemical analysis of biliary protein revealed that the increase could be accounted for primarily by an increase in the lysosomal enzymes acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase. Biliary excretion of the canalicular membrane enzymes 5'-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphatase only modestly increased, whereas that of [14C]sucrose, a marker of paracellular fluid transport, was unaffected. On the other hand, glucagon enhanced biliary entry of horseradish peroxidase in a fashion similar to that observed with total endogenous protein. These effects were mediated by the adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) system, since infusion of dibutyryl-cAMP at 0.5 mumol.kg-1.min-1 increased bile flow and biliary protein excretion in a time-dependent manner, as observed with glucagon. Glucagon's failure to sustain enhanced protein biliary output was not due to declining hepatic concentrations of cAMP or to depletion of hepatocellular lysosomal enzymes. These studies provide evidence that glucagon stimulates biliary excretion of protein in guinea pigs that can be accounted for by biliary discharge of enzyme originating from the canalicular membrane and, primarily, from the lysosomal compartment. Although the precise mechanism(s) underlying these effects remains to be elucidated, it is suggested that the increase in canalicular membrane enzyme excretion is due to glucagon's effect on exocytosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":22827375,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2201301664","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1152\/AJPGI.1993.264.5.G961","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This thesis attempts to contribute to the growing literature on the Gurkhas' service in the British Army for over two centuries, considering the fundamental changes in the Gurkhas' Terms and Condition of Service (GTCOS) which came about as a result of the Gurkha Justice Campaign. As a Gurkha filmmaker, my practice-based research project offers a detailed insight into Gurkhas' historical and contemporary situation and shows the life of a Gurkha from a position of embodied empirical knowledge. It uses my trajectory from recruitment as a hillboy through active service towards retirement, as a narrative line through 'The Way of the Gurkha' feature documentary. \n \nThe Gurkhas who were historically subjected to the Orientalist gaze of colonial humanist anthropology, continue to remain the subject of discourse. From such a standpoint, the academic discourse on the problem of the Gurkhas' position, emerging from without appears skewed and stifled by the disciplinary contours of traditional methods of social enquiry. Therefore, this thesis provides an alternative way to theorise the whole process of how and why the Nepalese hillmen join the British Army and what their hierarchical position within it is. \n \nThe PhD builds on the context of Gramsci's concepts of 'subaltern' (dominated by an elite group both in power and knowledge), Said's 'Orientalism' \"other-opposite to the West\" (1978: 47) and Foucault's examination of power relations in 'Discipline and Punish', to address the enquiry about the Gurkhas' position which has long been debated without any scholarly conclusion. \n \nThe outcome of the study is that the Gurkhas' service in the British Army has highlighted a shift in their socio-economic condition and, whereas this has helped maintain relations between Nepal and the United Kingdom, economic benefits have come at a price - of not only physical sacrifice, but emotional suffering, and cultural and social separation. Above all, the study finds that the Gurkhas' position has always been subaltern in the British Army despite the historical record of glorious military service and unparalleled loyalty.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":217388538,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3009697693","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"By reasonable assumption and considering the friction, contact, preload intensity, load eccentricity, bolt bending, and other nonlinear factors, we establish three-dimensional finite element model for the high duty bolted joint to reflect the bolt behavior and develop the finite element calculation method for static strength, fatigue strength and related stresses of bolt. By this method, we do numerous numerical simulation experiments to study the effects of preload intensity, support plate thickness on the bolt behavior. These results will guide designer to complete the slewing bearing design effectively and accurately, and these research ideas can be well applied to bolted joints study in other devices.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110181441,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2068561862","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.121-126.1564","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We present an asynchronous quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) algorithm for numerical integration tailored for heterogeneous environments. QMC techniques are better suited for high dimensions than adaptive methods and have generally better convergence properties than classical Monte Carlo methods. The algorithm focuses on the asynchronous computation of randomized lattice (Korobov) rules. Whereas the individual rules disallow realistic error estimates, randomization provides a tool for giving confidence intervals for the magnitude of the error. The algorithm generates a sequence of stochastic families, using an increasing number of points, for the purpose of automatic termination. In the algorithm, each each randomized rule constitutes a single unit of work; a work assignment consists of a set of work units. Static and dynamic load balancing strategies are explored to keep the processors busy performing useful work while gradually calculating higher-level families needed to reach the desired accuracy. We present results in the context of a performance model for parallel programs executing in a heterogeneous environment.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-06":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":14628405,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2145186323","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/HCW.2000.843744","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Tobacco control policies, aiming at reducing youth's access to tobacco, revealed positive outcomes and were implemented in most of the European countries. A naturalistic field study was conducted to assess retailer compliance with a regional ban forbidding selling tobacco products to youths under the age of 18 in a Swiss canton. Results revealed that, 20 months after implementation, the ban was respected by about one out of seven retailers and compliance did not improve significantly over the following 24-month period. Potentials for concrete improvements were observed and a call for stronger implementation at the regional and local levels was made.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":205064302,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2151108964","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/eurpub\/ckq149","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurpub\/article-pdf\/21\/6\/750\/1331961\/ckq149.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article analyses the relation between the 1992 Dublin Principles, integrated water planning, and water law. The Dublin Principles were an attempt to concisely state the main issues and purpose of water management in the following terms: fresh water is a finite and vulnerable resource, essential to sustain life, development and the environment; water development and management should be based on a participatory approach, involving users, planners and policy makers at all levels; women play a central part in the provision, management, and safeguarding of water; and water has an economic value in all its competing uses and should be recognized as an economic good. The article does not seek to endorse any single given model or solution, but to provide a set of alternatives and experiences which may be of use to readers desiring information on institutional aspects of water management. Globally, water law provides examples of systemic approaches to water resources which include, more or less comprehensively, principles and norms relating to integrated water management and planning. However, the forms of approach and degrees of development differ. Among the main differences are those relating to the ethical aspects of integrated water management, the capabilities of water management agencies, the generally scanty level of public participation, information, water rights and planning, water pricing, and the limits of planning.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":155173786,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2229355224","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.18356\/0DC2A3AE-EN","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Patients with COPD have reduced exercise tolerance. Low tolerance to physical exercise in patients with COPD is multifactorial and is due to several reasons, rather important of which is reduction of lung ventilation ability. Registration of indices of ventilation during the test widens diagnostic possibilities of 6-minute walk test (6 MWT).\n\nMaterials and methods: male patients with COPD (n=34) II-IV degree of severity, average age 57,5\u00b17,1, FEV146,8 \u00b114,3% predicted and male patients without COPD, average age 60,8\u00b14,6, FEV193,3\u00b114,4% predicted are involved in the investigation. This investigation was held on the equipment Spiropalm 6 MWT (Cosmed, Italy), which allows to measure parameters of minute ventilation (VE) in the process of standardized 6 MWT.\n\nResults: distance, walked by patients with COPD was 362,3 \u00b1 10,3 m and in control group 510,4 \u00b1 15,6 (p 0,05) in control group; according to peak ventilation significant differences 17,4\u00b18,8 l\/min and VE 29,5\u00b113,7 l\/min (p<0,05) are marked; according to indices of final ventilation significant differences VE 15,4\u00b19,5 l\/min and 26,5\u00b112,9 l\/min (p<0,05) are also marked.\n\nConclusion: studying the ventilation parameters during exercise tests in patients with COPD can be used for identification of reasons, limiting tolerance to physical exercise, what, finally, will allow to provide personified approach to programme of treatment of patients with COPD. Measuring of ventilation indices during 6 MWT widens assessment of functional status of the patient.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":79034400,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2524328639","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.congress-2015.PA1029","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"1. Catchment liming to mitigate acidification causes major chemical change in freshwaters but longer-term effects are poorly understood. Using a replicated basin-scale experiment with a multiple BACI design (= before-after-control-impact), we assessed chemical and biological effects for 10 years after the catchments of three acidified Welsh streams at Llyn Brianne were limed in 1987\/88. \n \n2. Stream chemistry was measured weekly to monthly, and macroinvertebrates monitored annually, between 1985 and 1998. Biological change through time was assessed from the abundance and taxon richness of invertebrates. We paid particular attention to 18 species known to be acid-sensitive. The effects of liming were assessed by comparing chemical and biological trends among the three replicate limed streams, three acid reference streams and two naturally circumneutral streams. \n \n3. Following single lime applications, acid-base chemistry in treated streams changed significantly. High mean pH (> 6), increased calcium (> 2.5 mg L\u22121) and low aluminium (< 0.1 mg L\u22121) persisted throughout the 10 years following liming. \n \n4. The effects of liming on invertebrates were modest. Acid sensitive taxa increased significantly in abundance in limed streams, but only during 2 years following treatment. Significant effects on richness were more sustained, but on average added only 2\u20133 acid-sensitive species to the treated streams, roughly one-third of their average richness in adjacent circumneutral streams. Only the mayfly Baetis rhodani and the stonefly Brachyptera risi occurred significantly more often in limed streams after treatment than before it. \n \n5. Despite these modest long-term effects on invertebrates, nearly 80% of the total pool of acid-sensitive species has occurred at least once in the limed streams in the 10 years since treatment. This pattern of occurrence suggests that the colonization of limed streams by acid-sensitive taxa reflects limited persistence rather than restricted dispersal. We present evidence to show that episodes of low pH continued to affect acid-sensitive taxa even after liming. We highlight the importance of extending the time-periods over which the effects of large-scale ecological experiments are assessed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":84787723,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1997810553","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1046\/J.1365-2427.2002.00770.X","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A Complete Toolbox of Theories and Techniques The second edition of a bestseller, Handbook of Virtual Environments: Design, Implementation, and Applications presents systematic and extensive coverage of the primary areas of research and development within VE technology. It brings together a comprehensive set of contributed articles that address the principles required to define system requirements and design, build, evaluate, implement, and manage the effective use of VE applications. The contributors provide critical insights and principles associated with their given areas of expertise to provide extensive scope and detail on VE technology and its applications. Whats New in the Second Edition: Updated glossary of terms to promote common language throughout the community New chapters on olfactory perception, avatar control, motion sickness, and display design, as well as a whole host of new application areas Updated information to reflect the tremendous progress made over the last decade in applying VE technology to a growing number of domains This second edition includes nine new, as well as forty-one updated chapters that reflect the progress made in basic and applied research related to the creation, application, and evaluation of virtual environments. Contributions from leading researchers and practitioners from multidisciplinary domains provide a wealth of theoretical and practical information, resulting in a complete toolbox of theories and techniques that you can rely on to develop more captivating and effective virtual worlds. The handbook supplies a valuable resource for advancing VE applications as you take them from the laboratory to the real-world lives of people everywhere.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":59663322,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1618163275","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1201\/9780585399102","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Book synopsis: The life and death of Christopher Marlowe has long been shrouded in mystery and subject to speculation. One of the foremost dramatists of his day, Marlowe and his writings exerted an influence not only on the work of his contemporaries, including Shakespeare, but also on literary culture to the present. Setting Marlowe's writings in their historical context, this collection showcases the most exciting critics writing on critical and contextual approaches to his poems and plays, discussing both major and lesser-known works. In three sections, 'Marlowe's works', 'Marlowe's world', and 'Marlowe's reception,' short chapters tell a story ranging from classical literature through to modern cinema. Other topics covered include religion, geography, audience, and women. Chapters on the critics and Marlowe now show how and why his works continue to resonate and a comprehensive further reading list provides helpful suggestions for those who want to find out more.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":161780255,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1484950116","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139060882.024","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Vitiligo is a disorder of pigmentation presenting with loss of melanocytes in the epidermis and hair follicles. The gene for insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) is located on the third chromosome and it plays role in growth, development, cellular differentiation, and metabolism. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the rs1470579 and rs4402960 gene polymorphisms of IGF2BP2 in the patients with vitiligo, which were confirmed to have a relationship with insulin resistance. The study was conducted with a total of 100 patients with vitiligo between the ages of 18 to 60 years and 100 healthy controls. Gene polymorphism was investigated in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) samples isolated from blood cells using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. There was no statistically significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies of the rs1470579 and rs4402960 polymorphisms on IGF2BP2 between the groups (p>0.05). Our study results show that the IGF2BP2 gene has no significant role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":58915588,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2767405312","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4238\/GMR16039808","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives In humans the effect of spinal cord injury (SCI) on spinal cord blood flow (SCBF) is poorly understood. We imaged SCBF intraoperatively using laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI). Methods We recruited 4 patients without SCI and 22 patients with SCI. Inclusion criteria for SCI patients are: AIS A\u2013C, 18\u201370\u2009years old, surgery within 72\u2009hour of injury. In the SCI patients, we monitored spinal cord perfusion pressure and microdialysis from the injury site for 24\u2009hour postoperatively. Mean patient follow-up after SCI was 7\u2009m. Results LSCI signal is dampened by cerebrospinal fluid, but not dura. In patients without SCI we observed intact autoregulation, as well as SCBF variation with cardiac cycle, respiratory cycle and arterial pCO2. In SCI patients three pathological SCBF patterns were seen: necrosis-penumbra, patchy-perfusion and hyper-perfusion. Increase in MAP (>20\u2009mmHg) increased overall injury site SCBF, but in 5\/22 SCI patients there was a local steal effect where SCBF increased in some regions but decreased in others. In 7 SCI patients there was diastolic ischaemia, with regions only perfused in systole, but not diastole. Low injury site SCBF correlated with low spinal cord perfusion pressure, low tissue glucose, high tissue lactate and less improvement in combined sensory AIS score at follow-up. Conclusions LSCI can be used to visualise SCBF non-invasively with high spatial-temporal resolution. We observed pathological SCBF patterns after SCI and some unanticipated SCBF responses to blood pressure changes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":86796031,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2914147755","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2019-ABN.35","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A direct numerical simulation is used to solve the two-dimensional plane Poiseuille flow for three different stability cases; Specifically, they are a super-critical case at a Reynolds number of 10 000, a critical-stable case at a Reynolds number of 5772.22, and sub-critical case at a Reynolds number of 1000. The perturbations are developed using the eigenfunctions of Orr-Sommerfeld equation's solution. In many applications, the flow was required to be fully laminar. As a result, a model-based controller is developed for stabilizing the flow field using unsteady strong suction and blowing technique, through distributed slots on the two walls of the channel. This technique is introduced to cancel the propagating wave in the boundary-layers near the two walls. Promising results are achieved for the unstable and critical-stable cases. The stable case is tested. Slight improvements in its growth rate are recorded. In turn, a faster response for the flow field is achieved.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":255027824,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1115\/1.4056564","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"GPUs are widely adopted in HPC and cloud computing platforms to accelerate general-purpose workloads. However, modern GPUs do not support flexible preemption, leading to performance and priority inversion problems in multi-tasking environments. In this paper, we propose and develop FLEP, the first software system that enables flexible kernel preemption and kernel scheduling on commodity GPUs. The FLEP compilation engine transforms the GPU program into preemptable forms, which can be interrupted during execution and yield all or part of the streaming multi-processors (SMs) in the GPU. The FLEP runtime engine intercepts all kernel invocations and determines which kernels and how those kernels should be preempted and scheduled. Experimental results on two-kernel co-runs demonstrate up to 24.2X speedup for high-priority kernels and up to 27X improvement on normalized average turnaround time for kernels with the same priority. FLEP reduces the preemption latency by up to 41% compared to yielding the whole GPU when the waiting kernels only need several SMs. With all the benefits, FLEP only introduces 2.5% runtime overhead, which is substantially lower than the kernel slicing approach.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":11557106,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2604787577","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1145\/3037697.3037742","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract:This article argues that, while socioeconomic rights have the potential to contribute to the contestation of austerity measures and the reimagining of a \"postneoliberal\" order, there are a number of features of socioeconomic rights as currently constructed under international law that limit these possibilities. We identify these limitations as falling into two categories: \"contingent\" and \"structural.\" Contingent limitations are shortcomings in the current constitution of socioeconomic rights law that undermine its effectiveness for challenging austerity measures. By contrast, the structural limitations of socioeconomic rights law are those that pertain to the more basic presuppositions and axioms that provide the foundations for legal rights discourse. We address these limitations and conclude by arguing that it is possible to harness the strengths of socioeconomic rights discourse while mitigating its shortcomings. A key element in moving beyond these shortcomings is the development of an understanding of such rights as just one component in a portfolio of counterhegemonic discourses that can be mobilized to challenge neoliberalism and austerity.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":156377852,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2367770498","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2979\/INDJGLOLEGSTU.23.2.0629","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Continuous dark fermentative hydrogen production technology is suitable for commercial application. This review summarized several main basic factors influencing the operation of the reactor, followed by some suggestions and outlooks. The factors included temperature, pH, HRT and COD were briefly introduced and discussed. This review demonstrated that the optimal value of a given factor under different conditions was great different. This indicates that reactor operation is affected by many factors and sensitive to environmental change. To make the technology more feasible into practice, deeply understanding about the characteristics and rules of the operation is necessary. Thus more researches in this respect are recommended.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":135586294,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2026635516","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMR.183-185.457","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Optical data-processing systems in which the vectorial nature of light has to be taken into account can be described adequately by a theory in which the point spread is a tensor. The well-known scalar theory and the Jones calculus are, as special cases, both incorporated into this theory. Some basic properties and restrictions that can be imposed upon the optical system will be introduced. A general reciprocity relation will be derived, and the restriction that the reciprocity relation imposes upon the optical system will be discussed. This discussion leads to the remarkable conclusion that a reciprocal optical system neither can be described exactly in terms of a scalar theory nor by a Jones matrix with constant coefficients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":122953302,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2090305400","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1364\/JOSA.68.001275","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is the most widely used modulation technique for wireless communication network. In this paper, 4 x 4 spatially multiplexed MIMO OFDM transceiver is designed using 1\/2 encoder and 64 bit FFT. The implementation has been carried out in hardware using Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Both the transmitter and the receiver are implemented on a single FPGA board with the channel being a wired one. The FPGA board used is Diligent Atlys Xilinx Spartan 6. We have analysed the effect of Bit Error Rate and Data rate with respect to Signal to Noise ratio.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":16107444,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"While shareholder engagement has captured much attention recently, the evidence on the role of large institutional investors remains relatively scarce. Large asset managers have become an increasingly powerful force since the financial crisis of 2008, with the top 20 managers controlling together almost 22% of votes in the FTSE 350 companies. The prevailing view, however, holds that large fund families avoid active shareholder engagement. This study aims to contribute to the ongoing discussions about the stewardship role of large institutional investors by identifying the biggest investors in UK listed companies and revealing how these institutional investors behave and vote at shareholders' meetings. The results show growing shareholder stewardship efforts by large asset managers, including index (often described as passive) fund managers, over the last five years and thus challenge some common assumptions about large institutional investors. The study also reveals that the primary target of these engagement efforts has been corporate governance standards, rather than business strategy or performance. These findings have important implications and will better inform discussions and efforts to build regulatory frameworks for effective shareholder engagement in publicly-traded companies. The results suggest that regulators need to remain realistic by not placing impractical engagement expectations on large institutional investors alone. To go beyond corporate governance engagement, regulatory efforts need to take a broader approach towards investor stewardship and shareholder rights. In particular, hedge funds and other shareholder activists can improve corporate strategy and performance engagement by supplying large asset managers with firm-specific information through activist demands.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":203351302,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2970736694","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3412886","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Eurocode 3 offers the opportunity to design steel frames as \"semi-continuous\" by including the moment resistance of \"partial strength\" connections in plastic hinge analysis of the frame. Semi-continuous construction with partial strength connections offers many benefits for braced frames such as shallower and lighter beams, standardized connections with less complicated geometry, and more robust frames than simple construction. It is expected to give significant savings in frame weight. This paper presents findings on a series of two-bay, four-bay and six-bay braced frames of two-, four-, six- and eight-storey with span ranging from 6 m to 9 m by comparing between Hot-rolled (HR) steel beams designed using simple construction and Trapezoidal Web Profiled (TWP) steel beams designed using the semi-continuous construction method. Flush end-plate and extended end-plate connections were used as partial strength joints whereas for the simple construction, partial depth flexible end-plate connections were used as pin joints. The semi-continuous design method can reduce the frame weight between 13.4% and 20.5% compared to simple construction.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-18":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":2,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2017-13":1}},"corpusid":110294887,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2122871456","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The following research project examines the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on the environment and the cultural integrity of the St. Regis Mohawk tribe in the Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne. This indigenous community has been subjected to widespread long-term industrial pollution from nearby toxic hazardous waste facilities and Superfund sites. The Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne has the distinction of being the only tribe whose officially recognized territory straddles the border between the United States and Canada. Using qualitative methodologies, coupled with an interdisciplinary framework, this study successfully engages with Akwesasne community members to explore such issues as bottom-up approaches to addressing complex environmental issues, by gaining a comprehensive understanding of organizational structures and tribal governance networks. This study also identifies a clear parallel between the Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne's struggles and history of environmental justice efforts in the U .S. by articulating the effects of environmental degradation on their cultural integrity, in addition to surfacing themes of resistance and resilience in the community as building blocks for future action. The research project focuses on the place of the community's voice in the transnational public policy response to PCB contamination in the Mohawk Nation of Akwesasne. Three case studies were conducted in environmental organizations on the Mohawk Nation territory: the St. Regis Mohawk Tribe Environment Division, the Mohawk Council of Akwesasne, and the Akwesasne Task Force on the Environment. These environmental organizations have been working to protect the environment for approximately three decades. A case study analysis relies on data collected from interviews with staff members to determine how they organized themselves to address the environmental and social disruption caused by exposure to harmful chemical pollutants. Strong parallels can be drawn as a result of an analysis of environmental justice literature, since native communities have not, traditionally, been included in the scholarly academic literature on the Environmental Justice Movement in the United States. In addition to information gathered from institutional policy actors and related stakeholders, in-depth interviews with community members revealed a community framework for future policy development and action. Finally, the research focuses on how those community voices articulate the impacts of PCB contamination on the natural resources in the area, and as a result, on the ability of the St. Regis Mohawk tribe to maintain their culture, heritage, ceremonies, and traditional way of life.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2017-13":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":131892229,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2526963187","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The pattern of public consumption is determined by the level of income and its social environment. Consumption patterns are also associated with the number of family members, the fewer members of the family, the fewer the needs that must be met. However, in some Muslim households, there is a small income but the pattern of consumption is greater than the income, some also have few family members but has a large consumption pattern. This is in contrast to the existing theory. In the study will relate how the role of education in consumption patterns and their impact on interest in saving.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":219384445,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3445315","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"At the end of September 2015, world leaders met in New York to agree to a 17-point Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a replacement for the MDGs to drive global development efforts between 2015 up to 2030. In this special edition, the African Journal of Reproductive Health focusses on the implications of the goals for the sub-Saharan African region, especially to expatiate on how countries in the region can achieve the milestones outlined in the SDGs. Sub-Saharan African currently has the highest burden challenges related to social development, and was one part of the world that failed to substantially achieve many of the components of the preceding Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The objective of this special edition is to provide a forum for experts to discuss what went well and also not too well with the implementation of the MDGs in African countries, and to make scientific submissions on how the SDGs can be better implemented to improve the quality of life for the African people. This edition consists of two broad set of papers. The first sets of papers are invited commentaries that provide opportunity for experts to explain what the SDGs mean for sustainable development in their fields for the African region. Experts were given the liberty to choose their areas of commentary. Interestingly, the 8 expert commentaries covered a variety of fields including sexual and reproductive health, maternal health care, poverty alleviation, gender equality and the promotion of social justice, food security and education. All pointed to major developments in these fields as essential to effective delivery of the SDG outcomes in Africa. The second sets of papers are peer review research papers and review articles that provide evidence for scaling existing policies and programs for implementing the SDGs in African countries. There are 12 articles in this second category that focus on key issues such as measurement and the need for effective data collection (3 papers); explaining the challenges that need to be overcome in promoting the SDGs in Africa (one paper); the need to focus on vulnerable populations, especially women, youth and children (2 papers); the need for capacity building of civil society organizations and the social sector (one paper); and the importance of addressing socio-cultural and religious barriers that hamper Africa's development (2 papers). There are also peer-reviewed papers that focus on the implementation of residual issues in sexual and reproductive health in Africa \u2013 these include papers on resolving unmet need for family planning, a review of obstetric fistulas, the reduction in rates of early marriage and the promotion of quality maternal health care. The 20 papers are written with great style, fluidity and lucidity, and represent part of this journal's efforts to build scientific evidence for the implementation of the SDGs in Africa. We invite future research papers and review articles that describe the stages of implementation of the SDGs in various African countries, especially those that provide evidence of effective interventions and solutions that can be scaled up everywhere in the continent.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":3965771,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The ability of scientists to image and manipulate matter at the (sub)atomic scale is a result of stunning advances in microscopy. Foremost amongst these was the invention of the scanning probe microscope, which, despite its classification as a microscope, does not rely on optics to generate images. Instead, images are produced via the interaction of an atomically sharp probe with a surface. Here the author considers to what extent those images represent an accurate picture of 'reality' at a size regime where quantum physics holds sway, and where the image data can be acquired and manipulated in a variety of ways.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":57566479,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2053627143","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1162\/LEON_a_00897","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A great number of foreign borrowings constantly penetrate the Russian language. Thus the thorough investigation of the metalinguistic reflection of borrowings in the consciousness of Russian native speakers is very important. Emotional evaluation of borrowings is one of the ways of metalingustic consciousness expression, which can be found in different types of discourse in the Internet communication, newspapers or spoken language. The analysis of the main means of expressing evaluation (metaoperators) in every discourse, reasons of its expression and structural organization of metalinguistic phrases enables to define the general aspects and particular characteristics typical to each type of discourse. On the basis of verbal metaoperators metalinguistic expressions with emotional evaluation have been classified into two groups: sensor-psychological, including emotional and intellectual subtypes, and sublimational. The diversity of emotional metaoperators shows that the evaluation function of the metalinguistic consciousness of Russian speakers towards borrowings is strongly realized. The metalanguage of Internet communicators is the most emotional and expressive. The subject in the metalinguistic phrases taken from the Internet is strongly presented by means of personal pronouns or expressions that show personal attitude towards the borrowing. These structures indicate the active state of the Russian speakers consciousness. In spoken speech, verbal presentation of metalinguistic consciousness does not frequently occur. However, the communicator often uses nonverbal ways of metalinguistic expression such as laughter, gestures or mimicry. The metalanguage of the newspaper discourse takes an intermediate position between the Internet and spoken language. In most cases the writer estimates the level of correspondence of the word itself to the object or phenomenon named by the word. As a rule, metalinguistic expressions in the newspapers do not have the indication of the person of evaluation. In all the analysed types of discourse negative evaluations of borrowings dominate and make up two thirds of all the regarded metalinguistic phrases. Negative evaluation is frequently caused by deviation from the accepted norms of the Russian language or unreasonable use of borrowed words. Utilitarian characteristics of borrowings are subjected to both negative and positive evaluations. The variety and emotionality of the metalinguistic phrases that express evaluation shows the reasons of rejection or adoption of foreign vocabulary in the Russian language. It also demonstrates defence reactions of the metalinguistic consciousness of native speakers, which regulate the penetration of borrowings into the Russian language.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":146604355,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2240122762","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study is to know the prevalence of psychodrug consumption in Primary Health Care, related factors and influence of the family factor on this consumption. METHODS: Observational cross sectional study carried out in an urban Health Care Center. A total of 434 patients older than 14 years old, who are health care consumers, were included. They were selected by systematic sampling for 6 consecutives weeks. Psychodrugs consumption and related factors were measured by a questionnaire designed for this purpose. The questionnaire was filled out by personal interview and case history revision. Existence of family dysfunction was determined by self-applied Apgar-family questionnaire. RESULTS: Prevalence of psychodrugs consumption was 26% (95 % CI: 22-30). A total of 53% were benzodiazepines and 27% were antidepressants (73 % are SSRI). There was family dysfunction in 20 % of consumers and 12 % of non-consumers, which is a statistically significant difference (p<0.01). By logistic regression, being between 45-64 years old (OR: 3.18), or more than 65 years old (OR: 3.29), being female (OR: 2.2), being a housewife (OR: 3.07), having psychiatric background (OR: 15.2) and having important family dysfunction in the Apgar-family questionnaire (OR: 7.19) were the variables which appeared as associated with this consumption. CONCLUSIONS: Consumption of psychodrugs in Primary Health Care consumers is 26 %. Being 45 years old or more, female and housewife are possible factors which predict psychodrugs consumption. Psychiatric disease antecedents and having important family dysfunction are also associated independently. These should be kept in mind to improve medical prescription of these drugs in Primary Health Care.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":221254597,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"984647548","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A few years ago we have adopted the Python programming language as the development platform for our software needs at the Molecular Graphics Laboratory (MGL) of the Scripps Research institute. We have developed software components that deal with different aspects of our daily work, including: MolKit, for the computational representation and manipulation of macromolecules, DejaVu, for the visualization of 3-D geometry, mslib, for molecular surfaces calculations etc. These components have been assembled to rapidly develop applications such as the Python Molecule Viewer (PMV) and ADT a graphical user interface to our automated docking code AutoDock. The uniqueness of these tools comes from their component-based architecture as well as from their features. We will describe our general software development philosophy as well as specific components such as MolKit, DejaVu and ViewerFramework which are key components of PMV. We will also give a live demonstration of PMV to illustrate its main concepts and features. In addition, we will present our latest addition to our set of components: the NetworkEditor. This component enables the graphical representation of entities (as nodes) and relationships between these entities (as connections). We will demonstrate ViPEr a visual programming environment which was developed using the NetworkEditor. ViPEr enables a user to drag-and-drop computational nodes onto a canvas and connect them to create a computational network. A live demonstration of this program will enable us to demonstrate many of ViPEr's design concepts and the high level of code re-use that we were able to achieve. We will conclude by discussing the pros and cons of using Python for implementing our strategy for software development. Acta Cryst. (2002). A58 (Supplement), C218","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":264558284,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2570991037","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1107\/s010876730209373x","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1107\/s010876730209373x","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The technology of object oriented databases was introduced to system developers in the late 1980?s. Despite that it is rarely used today. This thesis introduces the concept of object oriented databases as the purposed solution to the problems that exist with the use of relational databases. The thesis points to the advantages with storing the application objects in the database without disassembling them to fit a relational data model. Based on that advantages and the cost of introducing such a rarely used technology into a project, a guideline for when to use object oriented databases and when to use relational databases is given.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":15845878,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1177703484","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We define sensor middleware as the binding code mainly running between the sensor OS and applications providing programming abstractions to bridge the gap between application developers and low-level hardware. Hence it serves the purpose of simplified integration of components developed by multiple technology vendors. Middleware for distributed systems is a relatively mature research area with a considerable amount of work done on the aforementioned topics. In this paper we explain why standard distributed systems middleware solutions are not suitable to address Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) problems. Illustrated by a health monitoring use case, we propose an enhanced middleware framework that better addresses the needs of WSN applications.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":2,"2015-06":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":11628655,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2109387532","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICUMT.2009.5345420","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Protein engineering is a means to optimize protein therapeutics developed for the treatment of so far incurable diseases including cancers and genetic disorders. Here we report on an engineering approach in which we successfully increased the catalytic rate constant of an enzyme that is presently evaluated in enzyme replacement therapies (ERT) of a lysosomal storage disease (LSD). Although ERT is a treatment option for many LSDs, outcomes are lagging far behind expectations for most of them. This has been ascribed to insufficient enzyme activities accumulating in tissues difficult to target such as brain and peripheral nerves. We show for human arylsulfatase A (hARSA) that the activity of a therapeutic enzyme can be substantially increased by reversing activity-diminishing and by inserting activity-promoting amino acid substitutions that had occurred in the evolution of hominids and non-human mammals, respectively. The potential of this approach, here designated as evolutionary redesign, was highlighted by the observation that murinization of only 1 or 3 amino acid positions increased the hARSA activity 3- and 5-fold, with little impact on stability, respectively. The two kinetically optimized hARSA variants showed no immunogenic potential in ERT of a humanized ARSA knockout mouse model of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) and reduced lysosomal storage of kidney, peripheral and central nervous system up to 3-fold more efficiently than wild-type hARSA. Due to their safety profile and higher therapeutic potential the engineered hARSA variants might represent major advances for future enzyme-based therapies of MLD and stimulate analogous approaches for other enzyme therapeutics.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":58632399,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2909555676","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddz020","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Positon emission tomography using 18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) is an imaging technique based on metabolic criteria rather than morphological criteria. We discuss the contribution of this technique in the field of pulmonary oncology and we summarize our work which has demonstrated the performance capacity of PET: \u2014 to discriminate the malignant nature of a solitary pulmonary nodule; \u2014 to improve sensitivity over CT for mediastinal assessment in non-small cell lung cancer; \u2014 to seach for distant metastasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer; \u2014 to complement CT imaging to better dissociate tumor residue or recurrence from post-therapeutic sequelae in non-small cell lung cancer. Finally, we present different expected progress for the future.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":58375408,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1556792340","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Programming is one of the core and indispensable strategies in the way of successfulness that should be taken into account either by teachers or students. Owing to this fact teaching and learning of programming has been widely under investigation which shows how its effect could empower the student's achievements. In the other word, it is a very useful skill and can be a rewarding career not only for on-campus educations but also for distance and electronic learning systems. Therefore, recently the demand for programmers and student's interest in programming has rapidly grown and introductory programming courses have become increasingly more popular; however, learning to program is still tedious. Programming courses are generally regarded as difficult and often have highest dropout rates. In addition to that beginners in programming are basically suffered from a wide range of difficulties and deficits. It can draw more attentions to intend providing the most effective learning environment and experience for the students. Constructivist learning theory has shaped our thinking in this research. Fundamentally, constructivism says that people construct their own understanding and knowledge of the world through experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences. Consequently the researches are being attracted to understanding the processes of learning and teaching a first programming language. This study and research tries to point out the answer for questions such as: Why is programming hard to learn? What are the cognitive requirements of the task? What can teachers do to effectively increase the supportive roles for novice programmers?","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":257187430,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.12753\/2066-026x-14-101","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"\"Technology,\" as both technical and common term, is often associated with scientific and industrial tools, techniques, and procedures. This academic paper, however, propounds that the term \"technology\" in its etymological roots epitomises not only the objectivity of science but also the subjectivity of arts. The concept of technology oscillates between binary poles of the concrete and the abstract and, by so doing, merges and disrupts those seemingly fixed binary oppositions. The dynamism of technology manifests itself most clearly in our understanding of place. \"Technology of Place,\" the means by which an individual comes to understand place, embodies not only the concrete \"architectural textures\" perceived through sensory reception, but also the abstract ideas or \"textual architectures\" which form understandings of, and feelings towards, a particular place. Since it is made up of both tangible and intangible layers of texts, place can be \"read\" and approached as a text. Through the literature of place, one is able to read through the surface of place and interrogate its embedded discourse of power and technology of production. The hypothesis and conclusion of this essay will be attested and illustrated in a close analysis of Virginia Woolf's\u00a0Flush, her \"underdog\" text which depicts the life story of the underdogs: the Victorian poetess Elizabeth Barrett Browning and her pet. Published in 1933, this biography of a cocker spaniel investigates how dogs and women perceive the world and how they come to understand their places in it.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":59268667,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1577949027","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2218\/forum.08.622","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"http:\/\/journals.ed.ac.uk\/forum\/article\/view\/622","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Ensuring high-quality service from one end user to another, over multiple interconnected networks, is central to the aims and approach of GEANT2, the pan-European research and education network. In order to provide users with reliable and consistent performance monitoring data from multiple networks, GEANT2's performance measurement and monitoring joint research activity, in co-operation with Internet2 and ESnet, is developing a comprehensive network monitoring facility - perfSONAR. Within the framework of this activity, we have developed an open source, publicly accessible, easy to use, and yet powerful standalone graphical user interface client, capable of querying all available perfSONAR services and displaying the returned data in a concise manner. This paper gives a short overview of the existing state-of-the-art solutions, introduces the fundamental concepts of the perfSONAR infrastructure, and describes the design, implementation, and use cases of PerfsonarUI, while highlighting its main advantages. Possible future enhancements of PerfsonarUI are also outlined","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":11631539,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2144260843","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JVA.2006.52","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"of Thesis Idioms, proverbs and other metaphorical language are a base component to how people communicate that has to be mutually understood. Slang and common sayings are a fundamental part of language. With language being such a large factor of culture, it's natural to assume that it would mimic cultural ideals and norms. This study focuses on the cultural dimension Individualism\/Collectivism and if the orientation correlates to language usage. The goal of this research is to conduct an analysis of the use of idiomatic expressions in comparison to Individualistic or Collectivistic orientation and setting. Research of expressions and phrases has been done in several languages from cultures of varying levels within the Individualism\/Collectivism dimension. The data is achieved by surveying the populace on their cultural dimension and responses to idiomatic expressions with Individualistic or Collectivistic ideals. As a result, this study contributes to the field of cultural dimensions and linguistic idiom analysis by examining the connection between the two. It finds a correlation to situational type and the I\/C dimension as well as a connection to multilingual learning and Collectivistic traits. Further, it attempts to dig deeper into different languages' associations with cultures and their dimensions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":149820357,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2899786643","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We demonstrate experimentally that an optimal hot pressing pressure is required for high thermoelectric power factor in different n-type Bi(Se)Te alloys for a given processing temperature. This phenomenon is attributed to the variations in carrier concentration, which changes the Seebeck coefficient and therefore the power factor. The variations could arise from the difference in the concentration of charged antisite defects as their formation energy changes with pressures. Furthermore, modifications of the energy gap resulting from the lattice distortions at high pressure also likely play a role.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":123239739,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2075231319","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1063\/1.4823801","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with debilitating motor, posture, and gait abnormalities. Human studies recording local field potentials within the subthalamic nucleus and scalp-based electroencephalography have shown pathological beta synchronization throughout the cortical\u2013basal ganglia motor network in PD. Suppression of such pathological beta synchronization has been associated with improved motor function, which may explain the effectiveness of deep-brain stimulation. We used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate neural population-level beta responses, and other oscillatory activity, during a motor task in unmedicated patients with PD and a matched group of healthy adults. MEG is a noninvasive neurophysiological technique that permits the recording of oscillatory activity during movement planning, execution, and termination phases. Each of these phases was independently examined using beamforming to distinguish the brain areas and movement phases, where pathological oscillations exist during motor control. Patients with PD exhibited significantly diminished beta desynchronization compared with controls prior to and during movement, which paralleled reduced alpha desynchronization. This study is the first to systematically investigate neural oscillatory responses in PD during distinct stages of motor control (e.g. planning, execution, and termination) and indicates that these patients have significant difficulty suppressing cortical beta synchronization during movement planning, which may contribute to their diminished movement capacities.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":4616938,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2106974753","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht121","PubMedCentral":"4153806","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cercor\/article-pdf\/24\/10\/2669\/14097354\/bht121.pdf","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Reinforced concrete beam-column joints (BCJs) are commonly used in structures such as parking garages, multi-storey industrial buildings and road overpasses, which might be exposed to extreme weathering conditions and the application of de-icing salts. The use of the non-corrodible fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcing bars in such structures is beneficial to overcome the steel-corrosion problems. However, FRP materials exhibit linear-elastic stress-strain characteristics up to failure, which raises concerns on their performance in BCJs where energy dissipation, through plastic behaviour, is required. The objective of this research project is to assess the seismic behaviour of concrete BCJs reinforced with FRP bars and stirrups. \nAn experimental program was conducted at the University of Manitoba to participate in achieving this objective. Eight full-scale exterior T-shaped BCJs prototypes were constructed and tested under simulated seismic load conditions. The longitudinal and transversal reinforcement types and ratios for the beam and the columns were the main investigated parameters. The experimental results showed that the GFRP reinforced joints can successfully sustain a 4.0% drift ratio without any significant residual deformation. This indicates the feasibility of using GFRP bars and stirrups as reinforcement in the BCJs subjected to seismic-type loading. It was also concluded that, increasing the beam reinforcement ratio, while satisfying the strong column-weak beam concept, can enhance the ability of the joint to dissipate seismic energy.\nAn analytical investigation was conducted through constructing a finite element model using ANSYS-software. The model was verified against the experimental results in this research. Then, a parametric study was performed on number of different parameters known to affect such joints including column axial load, concrete compressive strength, flexural strength ratio and joint transverse reinforcement. It was concluded that 70% of the column axial load capacity can be recommended as an upper limit to the applied axial loads on the column to avoid damage occurrence within the joint. It was also concluded that a minimum flexural strength ratio of 1.50 is recommended to ensure the strong-column weak-beam mechanism. In addition, a minimum joint transverse reinforcement ratio of 0.60% is recommended to insure that the failure will not occur in the joint zone.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":112692576,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2263831645","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The relationship of contact width and leakage had been found as design concept to optimize new metal gasket. By using this design concept, the limits of contact width for no leakage can be chosen. The optimize gasket shape can be developed by increasing of contact width. In this study, a gasket shape was optimized based on contact width as design concept and involving contact stress consideration. The design of experimentation (DOE) Taguchi method is used to analyses the effect of each parameter design and predict optimal design of new 25A metal gasket. The L18 orthogonal array was concerned to design experimental matrix for seven factors with three levels. The optimum design of gasket at 0 MPa mode is the model with OH = 4 mm, p1 = 3.5 mm, p2 = 4 mm, p3 = 4 mm, t = 1.2 mm, R = 3.5 mm and h = 0.4 mm. The optimum design of gasket at 400 MPa mode is the model with OH = 3 mm, p1 = 3.5 mm, p2 = 4.5 mm, p3 = 4.5 mm, t = 1.8 mm, R = 1.5 mm and h = 0.3 mm.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":108514400,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1996924257","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.110-116.4780","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The patient with an apparent first seizure presents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the emergency department or primary care physician. Proper management of these patients requires a systematic diagnostic evaluation and assessment of the risks and benefits of treatment. Such an assessment requires that the following issues be addressed: Was the attack truly a seizure? Was this seizure truly the first seizure for this patient? Why did the seizure occur? Was the seizure a symptom of an acute neurologic or medical illness, a remote neurologic injury, or did the attack occur without evident cause? How extensive (and expensive) should the diagnostic evaluation be? If a cause for the seizure is identified, is direct therapy available or necessary? What is the likelihood of a recurrent attack? Will treatment with anticonvulsant drugs significantly reduce the risk of subsequent seizures? What are the risks of anticonvulsant drug treatment? Is anticonvulsant drug therapy appropriate for this patient at this time? It should be clear from the preceding discussion that definitive answers to such questions are not possible. The clinical data are always incomplete and uncertain and sometimes erroneous. Considerable clinical judgment is always needed. Nonetheless, we can hope that conscientious, systematic assessment will lead to the best possible treatment for each of our patients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":77317370,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2402532051","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Back Propagation Neural Network is a multilayer feed-forward network technology based on the error back propagation, which can be a better way to solve the problem of nonlinear mapping and data generalization, and allows some errors of the sample. The prediction of Huanjiang area chang 6 reservoir productivity has many factors. On the basis of considering all the factors, grey connection method is used to choose reservoir parameters that can affect the productivity, and then the BP neural network forecasting model is established to predict productivity. Through analysis on comparing reservoir quality factor based on the RQI with the support vector machine productivity forecasting method, it shows that the forecasting result accuracy rate based on the BP neural network is higher than the other two methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":56024080,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The results of World Bank operations have continued to improve steadily. More than three-quarters of development projects supported by the Bank have achieved satisfactory outcomes, including 7 percent rated as outstanding, according to OED's 1998 Annual Review of Development Effectiveness (ARDE), which presents the evaluation results for operations that exited the Bank's portfolio in FY97-98. At the same time, the review warns that weak financial and social sector institutions in developing countries undermine project success and render countries more vulnerable to external shocks.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":154223701,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1707464291","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract:This essay analyzes Newman's response to the tendency in philosophical modernity and liberal Protestantism, as exemplified by John Locke, to denigrate the so-called \"superstitious\" nature of the religion of the masses. Newman constructed a philosophical and theological defense of Christians who were accused of an unenlightened superstition, due to their popular piety and lack of theological training, and proposes this very \"superstition\" to be the hallmark of genuine Christianity, as found from its inception. The essay concludes with a comparison to Augustine's City of God.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":218722947,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2324272165","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1353\/NSJ.2014.0005","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We designed, built, tested, space-qualified, launched, and downlinked bioanalytical data from a fully autonomous free-flying space satellite that supports microorganism growth in multiple fluidic wells and monitors gene expression via fluorescence. GeneSat-1 (total mass: 4.4 kg) includes solar cells, integrated spacecraft \"bus\" module (power\/batteries\/control\/bi-directional communications), and an insulated pressure vessel housing the biofluidic, optical, thermal, and sensor subsystems. Data were obtained over ~ 100 hr following nutrient introduction that re-animated two strains of E. coli, with culture growth tracked via light scattering and green fluorescent protein expression monitored in each of nine bacteria-containing fluidic wells. Stability of temperature, pressure, and relative humidity were monitored by multiple sensors, as were radiation events and acceleration in three axes. Data were telemetered to Earth over the course of several weeks during and after the biological growth-and-analysis process.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":26991321,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2161428174","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/SENSOR.2007.4300065","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Limb lengthening by the callotasis technique of De Bastiani and use of the Orthofix external fixator was performed on 25 femurs and tibias of 23 patients between June 1989 and March 1995 in our clinic. Twenty femoral and five tibial segments were lengthened. Simultaneous lengthening of the femur and tibia was performed in two limbs. The mean duration of follow-up was 35.4 months (range, 12 to 81 months). Age at surgery ranged from 9 to 25 years (16.4 years on average). Poliomyelitis was the most common cause (69.6%) of the leg length discrepancy. The maximal achieved lengthening was 8 cm and the shortest 4 cm, with an average of 5.11 cm (13.6% of original bone length). The mean healing index was 38.6 days\/cm; the complication rate was 36%. We conclude that limb lengthening by the De Bastiani method is a satisfactory procedure for pediatric and adult patients with moderate limb-length discrepancies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":34588648,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"136336193","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The potential of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP), cytidine 5'-monophosphate (CMP), 16s ribosomal RNA, and a protein (bovine serum albumin) to serve a s substrates for bacterial urea production was evaluated in a defaunated, anoxic marine sediment. AMP, CMP and RNA stimulated urea production and urea turnover, but CMP to a lesser degree than AMP and RNA. The increase in urea production and turnover rates took place immediately after AMP, CMP, and RNA were added to the sediment. The rapid response in urea production and turnover rates suggests that the necessary uptake mechanisms and enzymes to utilize the substrates were present constitutively. Addition of the protein mixture did not result in any measurable changes in the urea pool size, urea turnover rate, or urea production rate during the 165 h of incubation. However, an ~ncreased and continuous net NH,' production in the protein-amended sediment relative to the control sediment indicated that the added protein mixture was accessible for bacterial degradation. The results showed that purines and pyrirnidines were substrates for the bacterial urea production in the marine sediment, whereas protein was not important for urea production.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":84125335,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1975019128","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3354\/AME010173","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Though English supporters of the Oxford theologian John Wycliffe (d.1384)\u2014known as \"Lollards\"\u2014had been drawn from academic and noble\/gentry circles during the later-fourteenth and early-fifteenth centuries, persecution, equation of heresy with sedition, and the failure of Sir John Oldcastle's Rebellion (1414) ensured overt abandonment of Lollard ideas. Consequently, post-1414 (\"later\") Lollardy in England has been characterized as an amorphous, introverted network\u2014appealing to those of lesser socio-economic status\u2014being unworthy of description as a sect because of its deficiency of organization. However, the movement's consistency and infrastructure are reappraised by considering its heterogeneity in terms of society (demography, literacy, and socio-economic status), interactions (modes of dissemination), and motivation, participation, and organization (appreciating the dynamics of religious movements). From a comparative perspective, Lollardy's acephalous, reticulate infrastructure\u2014similarly to that of Waldensianism and other movements\u2014may have proved beneficial by facilitating adaptability during persecution thereby ensuring Lollardy's survival until the Reformation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":2}},"corpusid":248602354,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.33929\/sherm.2021.vol3.no2.07","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/hcommons.org\/deposits\/download\/hc:51032\/CONTENT\/re-stansfield-cudworth-from-minority-to-maturity-sherm-32-2021.pdf\/","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Welfare conditionality, whereby eligibility for income support payments is linked to prescribed forms of behaviour or values, is intended to encourage responsible behaviour in marginalised populations. However in practice, it may have consequences that worsen rather than improve their life chances. One of the most invasive forms of conditional welfare is income management (IM), involving the quarantining of up to 90 per cent of income that cannot be spent on excluded items in order to reduce substance abuse and gambling and enhance financial management and parenting capacity. This qualitative study examines the views of IM participants and community stakeholders in the regional community of Ceduna, Australia. Its findings are presented \u2013 pertaining to practical experiences of IM, the impact of IM on participant wellbeing, and community divisions around IM \u2013 and the study discusses whether or not it has advanced key program objectives. It is concluded that the negative effects of IM exceed any perceived benefits.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":233672035,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3149078610","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/S1474746421000063","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"\u00bbHeroic-Comic Singspiel\u00ab and \u00bbEgyptian Mysteries\u00ab in Mozart and Schikaneder's Magic Flute\u00a0\u2013 Mozart and Schikaneder's opera The Magic Flute is a work of completely unique complexity. The context of the plot quickly became incomprehensible, and is still widely considered a mystery today. One possible solution would be that it brings together entirely different conceptions. Schikaneder evidently had a \u00bbheroic-comic opera\u00ab in mind, the most popular genre in late 18th-century Vienna, based on fairy tales from Wieland's collection Dschinnistan. Mozart, on the other hand, may have planned to stage the \u00bbEgyptian mysteries\u00ab, the object of years of research by the Vienna lodge \u00bbZur wahren Eintracht\u00ab and to which Mozart had been introduced on the occasion of his father's initiation. Just as the first part (nos. 1-8) is clearly based on Wieland's fairly tales, parts 2-4 (nos. 9-30) are based on the mystery theory of the Freemasons and their primary source, Terrasson's novel Sethos.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":185636169,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2615022484","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Virola venosa, popularly known in Brazil as ucuuba-da-mata, occurs naturally in the Amazon region and has potential to provide useful natural compounds, as already known for other Virola species. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition of bark and leaf extracts of V. venosa, and to test the antioxidant capacity and \u03b1-glucosidase inhibition potential of their compounds. Polar extracts showed to be more active in both assays, therefore a bioactivity-guided fractionation was performed to identify the compounds that were responsible for the recorded activities. Using a combination of LC-MS\/MS analysis and isolation with NMR identification, eight phenolic compounds were identified. Assays with pure compounds of the active fraction revealed that ferulic acid was the main contributor compound to the observed bioactivity in the crude extracts.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":91727590,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2905552182","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1590\/1809-4392201800832","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"http:\/\/www.scielo.br\/pdf\/aa\/v49n1\/1809-4392-aa-49-01-48.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This report reviews fatigue management programmes in occupational settings-a promising and burgeoning approach to driver fatigue. Although the causes of fatigue transcend the driver's home and work life, the occupational programmes can contain elements that both minimize fatigue risk due to work-time activity and help the employee manage fatigue outside work. Common components of programmes to date, which mostly target the occupational driver, are schedule management, education, and sleep disorder screening and treatment. To date, few programmes monitor fitness-for-duty, use employee incentives, promote an open reporting culture, or use competency-based selection and recruitment as part of the ongoing fatigue management attempt. While many programmes and official guidelines are research-based, more robust and independent evaluations are needed to assess their effect on fatigue-related incidents and accidents. This is important because fatigue management as part of normal HSE activity of organisations has the potential to reduce fatigue-related accidents involving professional and private drivers alike.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":106458354,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"617249480","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"When thinking about Islamic mosaics, it might seem that only mosaics that have geometrical patterns involve mathematics, however, there is an interesting amount of mathematics in floral designs too: each flower individually and all of the various connections between the flowers are based on circular patterns. In this workshop the participants will learn about these constructions step by step. Next, they will design a flower themselves, based on the fixed base shapes of the mosaics but leaving enough degrees of freedom to be creative. The newly designed flowers will be attached to a prefabricated framework to make a wonderful collaborative design.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":110563064,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2126382402","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper presents a spatio-temporal approach in recognizing six universal facial expressions from visual data and using them to compute levels of interest. The classification approach relies on a two-step strategy on the top of projected facial motion vectors obtained from video sequences of facial expressions. First a linear classification bank was applied on projected optical flow vectors and decisions made by the linear classifiers were coalesced to produce a characteristic signature for each universal facial expression. The signatures thus computed from the training data set were used to train discrete hidden Markov models (HMMs) to learn the underlying model for each facial expression. The performances of the proposed facial expressions recognition were computed using five fold cross-validation on Cohn-Kanade facial expressions database consisting of 488 video sequences that includes 97 subjects. The proposed approach achieved an average recognition rate of 90.9% on Cohn-Kanade facial expressions database. Recognized facial expressions were mapped to levels of interest using the affect space and the intensity of motion around apex frame. Computed level of interest was subjectively analyzed and was found to be consistent with \"ground truth\" information in most of the cases. To further illustrate the efficacy of the proposed approach, and also to better understand the effects of a number of factors that are detrimental to the facial expression recognition, a number of experiments were conducted. The first empirical analysis was conducted on a database consisting of 108 facial expressions collected from TV broadcasts and labeled by human coders for subsequent analysis. The second experiment (emotion elicitation) was conducted on facial expressions obtained from 21 subjects by showing the subjects six different movies clips chosen in a manner to arouse spontaneous emotional reactions that would produce natural facial expressions.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":1840243,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2124901121","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2006.870737","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background and purpose: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health problem around the world. The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Full Outline of Unresponsiveness (FOUR) score are the most common tools in this patients. This study aimed to assess time-related GCS and FOUR scores evaluation in predicting outcome in TBI patients. Materials and methods: The present prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 TBI patients admitted to an intensive care unit. GCS and FOUR scores were evaluated in four times, including the first hour, and then 24, 48, and 72 hours later. For the analysis of data, SPSS V. 22 and MedCalc v13 were used. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of GCS and FOUR score were evaluated to predict the patients' outcome. Patients' outcome was measured two weeks after hospitalization and for patients who were discharged earlier than this time the evaluation was done at the time of discharge using modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Results: Sensitivity and specificity of the FOUR score in predicting the outcomes were 80% and 84.4% at first stage, 83.6% and 92.2% at second stage, 83.2% and 92.2% at third stage, and 96.4% and 79.7% at fourth stage, respectively. These values for the GCS were 81.8% and 90.6% at first stage, 87.3% and 93.8% at second stage, 85.5% and 93.8% at third stage, and 87.3% and 93.8% at fourth stage, respectively Conclusion: Time-related GCS and FOUR scores evaluation did not have a considerable effect on predicting the outcome in this patients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":217237310,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2993084046","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This article is based on training programs for migrant entrepreneurs and aims to analyze how the platformization of labor and the entrepreneurial discourse\u2014as aspects of communication\u2014shape the relationship of migrants living in S\u00e3o Paulo with Migraflix NGO and its partners, such as Facebook and Uber, exponents of the gig economy. We conducted interviews with 10 migrants and refugees in S\u00e3o Paulo over two years. The interviewees' discourses reveal that the entrepreneurial rhetoric hides situations of job insecurity, lack of transparency in hiring and paying for services, and dependence on NGOs for participation in events and markets. Migrants depend on the NGO to be able to work and cannot earn a minimum income to survive; they must also work as drivers for companies like Uber\u2014in line with studies on migrant labor in the gig economy. Thus, in the context of platform migration, these people are turned into on-demand migrants.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":255190685,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"SIR,-In the leading article (30 October, p. 251) you state that it is an interesting hypothesis that general hypermobility of the joints may be the cause of some cases of backache. It is not merely an interesting hypothesis but has long been a well recognized syndrome among manipulators and physical medicine consultants. You omit to state that the type of pain in this syndrome is of considerable diagnostic importance. You also omit treatment. The type of pain with lax ligaments is usually associated with standing for a long period of time, such as at cocktail parties or standing ironing, and is relieved by sitting down or walking. There is also usually a long history of low back pain on walking or on a long car journey. Another type is the patient with backache who after manipulation is pain free, but on walking only as far as the door of the consulting room or on the train on the way home gets recurrence of pain. The treatment of this condition falls into three categories. Firstly as the ligaments are lax we usually have an associated sacroiliac or lumbar 4-5 facet lock derangement. This must be manipulated before the second stage is attempted. This is a sclerosant injection of either phenol or ethanolamine oleate which is injected with xylocaine into the ligomentoperiosteal attachments of all the affected ligament. These are usually the supraspinous, interspinous, iliolumbar, postsacroiliac, and interoseous sacroiliac ligaments. Even with one-sided pain both sides of the spine are injected, as it is found in practice that injecting only one side is usually followed by pain on the other side. One month following the sclerosant injection the third stage-rehabilitation-is instituted, and is a very important part of the treatment. This consists of spinal exercises and encouraging the patient to use his spine by walking, swimming, and playing golf.-I am, etc., JOHN H. DAVIDSON","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":220207868,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.4.5785.488-e","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/content\/bmj\/4\/5785\/488.3.full.pdf","status":"BRONZE"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Recently there has been increasing interest in applications of very short electron bunches. Accurately measuring bunch length and profiles becomes essential for characterizing, commissioning, and operating such short bunch machines. The RF zero-phasing method is the only technique that is able to measure bunch length and longitudinal density distribution in the femtosecond regime. In this paper, analytical formulas for calculating longitudinal profile and bunch length are given. Using a such technique, bunch lengths as short as 84 fs rms have been measured.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":53611170,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Summary The 4-stage Rye classification for Hodgkin9s disease is not suited to all clinical situations. This system was used in the erroneous opinion that extranodal nonlymphatic disease is a manifestation of diffuse dissemination regardless of the extent of involvement (Stage IV). It will be shown that, in addition to disseminated involvement, there is a limited organ involvement which presents a localized disease that, when treated with intensive radiotherapy, has the same prognosis as a lymph node involvement of a similar extent. It should therefore be classified according to the saem system. The clinical and radiological findings of localized and widespread organ involvement, its frequency and dependence from histology, as well as the varying treatment and prognosis, will nor be presented. Proposals are made for a revised Rye stage classification which are not only applicable to Hodgkin9s disease, but also to other malignant lymphomas.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":17096988,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1532310791","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Palliation of dysphagia due to malignant obstruction of the oesophagus by passage of the Celestin tube is described in 36 cases. Although there was a high initial mortality, this was most marked when the tube was used to palliate dysphagia due to enlarged posterior mediastinal glands. Satisfactory palliation was obtained in all but one patient, and four patients survived more than six months in relatively good health. Tracheo-oesophageal fistula responded particularly well to the use of the indwelling tube. Gastro-intestinal bleeding and wound complications accounted for the main morbidity following the procedure.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":231906347,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The local-density approximation of density functional theory (DFT) is remarkably accurate, for instance, for geometries and frequencies, and the generalized gradient approximations have also made bond energies quite reliable. Sometimes, however, one meets with failure in individual cases. One of the possible routes towards better functionals would be the incorporation of orbital dependence (which is an implicit density dependency) in the functionals. We discuss this approach both for energies and for response properties. One possibility is the use of the Hartree-Fock-type exchange energy expression as orbital-dependent functional. We will argue that in spite of the increasing popularity of this approach, it does not offer any advantage over Hartree-Fock for energies. We will advocate not to apply the separation of exchange and correlation, which is so ingrained in quantum chemistry, but to model both simultaneously. For response properties the energies and shapes of the virtual orbitals are crucial. We will discuss the benefits that Kohn-Sham potentials can offer which are derived from either an orbital-dependent energy functional, including the exact-exchange functional, or which can be obtained directly as orbital-dependent functional. We highlight the similarity of the Hartree-Fock and Kohn-Sham occupied orbitals and orbital energies, and the essentially different meanings the virtual orbitals and orbital energies have in these two models. We will show that these differences are beneficial for DFT in the case of localized excitations (in a small molecule or in a fragment), but are detrimental for charge-transfer excitations. Again, orbital dependency, in this case in the exchange-correlation kernel, offers a solution.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-22":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":27438753,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1981331492","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1063\/1.1904566","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/research.vu.nl\/files\/2562895\/232978.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We study how firms' innovations impact prices with endogenous productivity and markup, under imperfect competition and dynamic pricing. Absent innovation, productivity plus markup changes curb price growth to half of variable inputs cost growth. Innovation's additional impact on costs is negatively correlated with markup changes. We detect two prevalent strategies. When marginal cost goes down, firms cash-in innovation by increasing the markups to enlarge profits. When marginal cost goes u firms practice countervailing pricing by decreasing markups. With no innovation aggregate manufacturing price growth had multiplied by 1.4, but innovation without cash-in strategies had multiplied it by 0.8.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":53335103,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2902352225","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Musculoskeletal pain and stress-related disorders are leading causes of impaired work ability, sickness absences and disability pensions. However, knowledge about the combined detrimental effect of pain and stress on work ability is lacking. This study investigates the association between pain in the neck-shoulders, perceived stress, and work ability. In a cross-sectional survey at a large pharmaceutical company in Denmark 473 female laboratory technicians replied to questions about stress (Perceived Stress Scale), musculoskeletal pain intensity (scale 0\u201310) of the neck and shoulders, and work ability (Work Ability Index). General linear models tested the association between variables. In the multi-adjusted model, stress (p < 0.001) and pain (p < 0.001) had independent main effects on the work ability index score, and there was no significant stress by pain interaction (p = 0.32). Work ability decreased gradually with both increased stress and pain. Workers with low stress and low pain had the highest Work Ability Index score (44.6 (95% CI 43.9\u201345.3)) and workers with high stress and high pain had the lowest score (32.7 (95% CI 30.6\u201334.9)). This cross-sectional study indicates that increased stress and musculoskeletal pain are independently associated with lower work ability in female laboratory technicians.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":683696,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2194978626","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph121215024","PubMedCentral":"4690960","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1660-4601\/12\/12\/15024\/pdf?version=1449826641","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We have demonstrated that Antisense phosphodiester (ODNs) and phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (S-ODNs) inhibit CAT (chloramphenicol acetyltransferase) protein expression in the clone 76 cell line, which is a derivative of the murine C127 cell line. This cell line expresses the influenza virus RNA polymerase and nucleoprotein (NP) genes in response to treatment with dexamethasone. Phosphodiester, phosphorothioate, and liposomally encapsulated oligonucleotides with four target sites (PB1, PB2, PA, and NP) were synthesized and tested for inhibitory effects by a CAT-ELISA assay using the clone 76 cell line. The liposomally encapsulated ODNs and S-ODNs complementary to the sites of the PB2-AUG and PA-AUG initiation codons showed highly inhibitory effects. On the other hand, the inhibitory effect of the S-ODNs targeted to PB1 was considerably decreased in comparison with the other three target sites. Liposome encapsulation afforded oligomer protection in serum-containing medium and substantially improved cellular accumulation. The liposomally encapsulated oligonucleotides exhibited higher inhibitory activity than the free oligonucleotides. Liposomal preparations of oligonucleotides facilitate release from endocytic vesicles, and thus, cytoplasmic and nuclear localization are observed following cell treatment. The activities of the unmodified oligonucleotides are effectively enhanced by using the liposomal carrier. In the observation of the endocapsulated antisense phosphodiester oligonucleotide, FITC-ODN-PB2-as treated clone 76 cells by a confocal laser scanning microscope, diffuse fluorescence was apparently observed in the cytoplasm. Interestingly, the endocapsulated antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide, FITC-S-ODN-PB2-as accumulated in the nuclear region of clone 76 cells. However, weak fluorescence was observed on the endosomes and in the cytoplasmes of the free antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotides treated clone 76 cells.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":24144014,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2463911566","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"RNA editing alters the nucleotide sequence of an RNA molecule so that it deviates from the sequence of its DNA template. Different RNA-editing systems are found in the major eukaryotic lineages, and these systems are thought to have evolved independently. In this study, we provide a detailed analysis of data on C-to-U editing sites in land plant chloroplasts and propose a model for the evolution of RNA editing in land plants. First, our data suggest that the limited RNA-editing system of seed plants and the much more extensive systems found in hornworts and ferns are of monophyletic origin. Further, although some eukaryotic editing systems appear to have evolved to regulate gene expression, or at least are now involved in gene regulation, there is no evidence that RNA editing plays a role in gene regulation in land plant chloroplasts. Instead, our results suggest that land plant chloroplast C-to-U RNA editing originated as a mechanism to generate variation at the RNA level, which could complement variation at the DNA level. Under this model, many of the original sites, particularly in seed plants, have been subsequently lost due to mutation at the DNA level, and the function of extant sites is merely to conserve certain codons. This is the first comprehensive model for the evolution of the chloroplast RNA-editing system of land plants and may also be applicable to the evolution of RNA editing in plant mitochondria.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":23052064,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2168774837","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1093\/MOLBEV\/MSL054","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Introduction: Combined activation of specific oncogenes is a general feature of human cancer and suggests that co-occurrence of particular oncogenic factors provides a selective advantage during cellular transformation. However, the exact molecular mechanisms by which oncoproteins cooperate during malignant transformation often remains elusive. Here, we study the functional relationship between the cooperative oncogenes NOTCH1 and TLX1 in the context of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia to better understand their cooperative mechanism of action during T cell transformation. Methods: In this study, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) for the TLX1 homeobox oncoprotein in the T-ALL cell line ALL-SIL and analyzed the transcriptional response before and after TLX1 modulation using microarray based methods. We performed integration of TLX1 ChIPseq data with publically available transcription factor binding profiles in T-ALL and evaluated the immunophenotypic and transcriptional effects of ectopic TLX1 expression in thymus-derived CD34 + T-cell progenitors. Results: Integration of TLX1 ChIP-seq data with gene expression profiles after TLX1 knockdown in the TLX1 positive T-ALL cell line ALL-SIL, confirmed the previously established role for TLX1 as transcriptional repressor in T-ALL biology. In line with previous reports (Della-Gatta et al., Nature Medicine, 2012), de novo TLX1 motif discovery identified RUNX1 and ETS1 as important mediators of the global TLX1 transcriptional network. Next, we used TLX1 ChIP-seq data to define TLX1 super-enhancers including several loci critically involved in T-cell biology (e.g. T-cell receptor loci, RAG2 , MYB ). Furthermore, Gene set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that TLX1-defined super-enhancers were significantly affected by JQ1 treatment in ALL-SIL. Integration of our TLX1 ChIP-seq data with publically available ChIP-seq data for ICN1, RUNX1 and ETS1 in T-ALL cells (Wang et al., PNAS, 2013) showed a remarkable genome-wide overlap between the binding sites of these four transcription factors. Integration of these binding patterns with transcriptional read-out revealed an unprecedented transcriptional antagonism between TLX1 and NOTCH1, in which TLX1 suppresses the oncogenic NOTCH1 transcriptional program including IL7R , NOTCH3 and c-MYC . In line with this observation, ectopic TLX1 expression in CD34 + human thymic precursor T-cells broadly interfered with the normal T-cell differentiation program causing differentiation arrest, massive apoptosis and a significant downregulation of NOTCH1 target genes including reduced IL7R-alpha surface expression. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study reveals unexpected transcriptional antagonism between the cooperative oncogenes TLX1 and NOTCH1 in the biology of T-ALL. TLX1 mediated suppression of NOTCH signaling might be critically involved in the pre-leukemic phenotype (reduced thymus size and decreased cellularity) that has been observed in Lck-TLX1 transgenic mice (De Keersmaecker et al., Nature Medicine, 2010). Moreover, our results suggests that full malignant transformation of TLX1-driven leukemias might only be possible through acquisition of secondary NOTCH1 mutations that can overcome the initial TLX1 mediated suppression of NOTCH1 signaling, which is in line with the high frequency of gain-of-function NOTCH1 mutations in TLX1 positive human T-ALL. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":89347295,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2551275210","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1182\/BLOOD.V124.21.3588.3588","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"PURPOSE\nTo determine whether pediatric patients treated with surgery only for low-grade tumors in the cerebral hemispheres, supratentorial midline, and exophytic brainstem evidence neurocognitive, academic, adaptive, or emotional\/behavioral sequelae.\n\n\nPATIENTS AND METHODS\nNinety-three patients from a natural history study of low-grade astrocytomas were tested an average of 111 days after surgery. Rates of below average (< or = 25th percentile) scores in this sample were compared with test norms, and performances were compared across anatomic sites. Finally, the relationships of pre-, peri-, and postsurgical complications to outcome were investigated.\n\n\nRESULTS\nFor the entire sample, there was a significantly elevated rate of below average scores across intelligence quotient, achievement, and adaptive behavior, but not behavioral\/emotional adjustment measures. Patients with hemispheric, midline, and brainstem tumors did not differ significantly. Patients with left hemisphere tumors generally performed worse than those with right hemisphere tumors. Finally, neurobehavioral outcome was unrelated to pre-, peri-, or postsurgery complications.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nAfter surgery for low-grade brain tumors, a significant number of patients was found to function below average, by as much as 55% compared with 25% in the normative population. Moreover, these results suggest greater risk for patients with lesions situated in the left cerebral hemisphere. Routine neuropsychological follow-up of children after treatment for low-grade tumors is recommended.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":23607061,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2112657281","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.1371","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The analysis aims at analysing the evolution of the 0\u00b0C isothermal altitude during intense rainfall events. The following steps are followed: \u2022 The rainfall events of around 100 meteorological stations measuring at hourly time step are considered. \u2022 Two meteorological sounding stations launching two weather balloons per day are considered. \u2022 The variation of the 0\u00b0C is analysed depending on the rainfall event duration. \u2022 The analysis is carried out distinguishing between winter (December-February) and summer (June-August).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":135097129,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2617945792","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND\nIn India, for the high concentration of fluoride in groundwater, people are at risk of dental fluorosis. The problem is common in various states of India. The condition in Rajasthan is worse where all districts have such a problem.\n\n\nOBJECTIVE\nTo study the fluoride concentration in groundwater and prevalence of dental fluorosis in Didwana block of Nagaur district, Central Rajasthan, India.\n\n\nMETHODS\nThe fluoride concentration in water of 54 villages was measured electrochemically, using fluoride ion selective electrode. Dental fluorosis was assessed in 1136 people residing in study area by Dean's classification for dental fluorosis.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThe fluoride concentration in groundwater in studied sites ranged from 0.5 to 8.5 mg\/L. The concentration of fluoride was more than the maximum permissible limit set by WHO and Bureau of Indian Standards (1 mg\/L) in 48 groundwater sources. Of 1136 people studied, 788 (69.4%; 95% CI: 66.7%-72.1%) had dental fluoros---252 had mild and 74 had severe dental fluorosis.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nHigh level of fluoride in drinking water of Didwana block of Nagaur district, Central Rajasthan, India, causes dental fluorosis in most people in the region and is an important health problem that needs prompt attention.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":13028316,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1664787551","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT The small shrimp Gnathophylloides mineri is a common inhabitant of the short spines of the sea urchin Tripneustes ventricosus found in shallow waters of eastern St. Croix, United States Virgin Islands. It shows remarkable cryptic coloration and behavioral and morphological features suggesting a past history of intense predation pressure. Gnathophylloides mineri feeds on the epithelium covering the sea urchin spines which is abraded by toothed setae on the second maxillipeds and perhaps also by small, handlike structures on the dactyls of the walking legs. It seems likely that dark pigment from the host test is incorporated by the shrimp. Filter feeding also occurs. The shrimp are usually found in groups (up to 13 on a given host) with females greatly outnumbering males. Although there is a broad overlap in size distributions, males are significantly smaller. There is evidence that shrimp move between urchins. Differential male mortality during migration may explain the uneven sex ratio.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":3,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":2,"2024-22":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":85092657,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2070769589","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2307\/1548239","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The growing interest in the DNA\u2010based mesoscale systems of biological and nonbiological nature has encouraged the computational molecular science community to develop coarse\u2010grained (CG) representationsof the DNA that will be simple enough to permit exhaustive simulations in a reasonable amount of time, yet complex enough to capture the essential physics at play. In the recent years, there have been some major developments in the DNA coarse\u2010graining area and several fairly sophisticated models are now available that faithfully reproduce key mechanical and chemical properties of the double\u2010 and single\u2010stranded DNA. However, there are still many challenges, which limit the applicability of the present models, and much has to be done yet to develop more reliable schemes which would have a predictive power beyond the target domain of the intrinsic parametrization. A development of robust, controllable, and transferrable CG DNA force fields will provide an invaluable tool for gaining physical insights into the molecular nature of complex DNA\u2010based nanoscale entities such as the chromatin, virus capsids, and DNA nanocomposites. In the present contribution, we provide an overview of the recent developments in the DNA coarse\u2010graining field. Our aim is to review the existing CG models of the double\u2010stranded DNA, where a small selection of models, which we believe provide avenues for promising future development, are discussed in some detail. \u00a9 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2013-20":1,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":12043343,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2117931575","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/wcms.1114","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV is well thought out as one of the key targets for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and diverse scaffolds have proven effective in designing novel dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors. To this end, three dimensional quantitative structure activity relationship analysis and molecular docking studies were performed on a set of 3-amino-N-substituted- 4-(substituted phenyl) butanamides to explore the structural requirements for dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitory activity using k-nearest neighbour molecular field analysis and AutoDock Vina, respectively. The compounds were arbitrarily assigned to active, moderately active and less active classes according to their biological activities. The most significant k-nearest neighbour model exhibited internal cross validation coefficient (q2) and external cross validation coefficient (pred_r2) as 0.67 and 0.82, respectively while the best partial least squares regression model showed 70% internal and 77% external predictability. Subsequent rigorous external validation through q2(F2), q2(F3), concordance correlation coefficient and mean absolute error provided further confidence in the predictability of both the models. Apropos the docking results, the compounds from active, moderately active and less active classes exhibited different binding patterns. Whereas the active compounds such as 12x and 12v occupied a similar space in the active site cavity as the crystallographic ligand (sitagliptin) (PDBID:1X70); the binding modes of compounds from moderately active and inactive classes were distinct from the latter. The findings of this study can provide an impetus for design of prospective potent dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":64641506,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2782771532","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4172\/PHARMACEUTICAL-SCIENCES.1000315","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT The complete Bacillus subtilis genome contains two genes with the potential to encode glutamate dehydrogenase (GlutDH) enzymes. Mutations in these genes were constructed and characterized. The rocG gene proved to encode a major GlutDH whose synthesis was induced in media containing arginine or ornithine or, to a lesser degree, proline and was repressed by glucose. ArocG null mutant was impaired in utilization of arginine, ornithine, and proline as nitrogen or carbon sources. ThegudB gene was expressed under all growth conditions tested but codes for a GlutDH that seemed to be intrinsically inactive. Spontaneous mutations in gudB that removed a 9-bp direct repeat within the wild-type gudB sequence activated the GudB protein and allowed more-efficient utilization of amino acids of the glutamate family.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":35068504,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2171993994","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1128\/JB.180.23.6298-6305.1998","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"It was a practice that women would principally do the household tasks, bringing up families and men would work to impart financial supports to the families. But in course of time due to declining population, education, economic welfare and women liberation movement, that convention has changed gradually. Women now seek out careers for livelihood and earning money as well as for identification, development and self-actualization and self esteem. They do not focus on just supplementing the earnings of their family but also feel like to make a fuller use of their talents and skills to secure for themselves and their family members the best of nourishment, education and cultural life. However, although the recent practice of women working bring financial independence, it also exalts difficulties and stresses to the working women's lives in terms of various elements of the job situation such as lack of job security, social protection, interpersonal relations at work, responsibility conflict and uncertainty, lack of autonomy and participation at work, organizational arrangement and atmosphere, career prospects, work and family balances issues, disproportionate work load, health and safety risks, low wage etc. The present study contains the information and situation on working women, the hazards and occupational strains they face at work and in family life in many developed and developing countries including Bangladesh. Besides, this study has also tried to illustrate where the difficulties are and how far these for working women can be solved by giving them emotional sustenance, voicing against the long standing harassment of women and advocating equality for them.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":146152390,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2181549199","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Incomplete skull of a young elephant with dP4 and a fragmentary tusk were found in the alluvial deposits exposed in a sand pit near the settlement of Kagalnik. The age of the enclosing deposits correlates with the early Middle Pleistocene, the time range of the Tiraspol faunal complex of the Eastern Europe (= Cromerian), and the regional rodent biochron MQR 5. Two skeletons of Mammuthus trogontherii have been previously found in this area. The dental structure of the studied specimen evidences its attribution to M. trogontherii and demonstrate its difference from other taxa of mammuthoid elephants. How to cite this article: Baigusheva V.S., Matishov G.G., Titov V.V. 2018. The skull of young Mammuthus trogontherii (Pohlig, 1885) from the early Middle Pleistocene of the north-eastern Sea of Azov Region \/\/ Russian J. Theriol. Vol.17. No.2. P.61\u201367. doi: 10.15298\/rusjtheriol.17.2.01","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":134641596,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2906980910","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.15298\/RUSJTHERIOL.17.2.01","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract This case study examines a long-term study on patient experience to identify value generated through collaborative medical design research, in developing a scalp cooling device to prevent chemotherapy-induced alopecia (CIA)\/hair-loss. Developing a new medical device is long and complex, requiring a cross-platform multi-disciplinary team. User feedback is essential to ensure continuous development to improve efficacy. Qualitative and quantitative data was gathered from chemotherapy patients using scalp cooling in 9 different countries. Analysis of patient experience captures the impact design research has had for scalp cooling patients globally and guides continuous development, placing the patient at the centre of the design method, driven primarily by the aim of maximizing treatment efficacy for all patients and promoting positive patient experiences. Overall, patient experience of scalp cooling using this device is highly positive and impacts significantly on five key areas of wellbeing. The outcomes will help develop an improved cap for global use.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":249713703,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/24735132.2022.2060649","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/pure.hud.ac.uk\/ws\/files\/48632065\/Accepted_manuscript.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Due to wide coverage and high transmission power of digital television (DTV) transmitters, DTV based wireless positioning is a promising complementary to global positioning system. For Chinese DTV broadcasting network whose key technology is time-domain synchronous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TDS-OFDM), this paper proposes a time-frequency joint positioning scheme by utilising TDS-OFDM signal properties in both the time and frequency domains. The proposed scheme needs no modification of current infrastructures, and has no impact on the normal TV program reception. Simulation results show that the positioning accuracy of less than 0.1 m can be achieved when the signal-to-noise ratio is higher than 20 dB over the realistic simulated channels.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":14729583,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2141812866","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/icc.2011.5963517","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/eprints.soton.ac.uk\/272309\/1\/icc2011-1.pdf","status":"GREEN"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the present study we examined the disposition of atorvastatin, lovastatin, and simvastatin in acid and lactone forms and pravastatin in acid form in multidrug-resistant gene (mdr1a\/b) knockout (KO), and wild-type (WT) mice. Each statin was administered s.c. to mdr1a\/b KO and WT mice at 3.0 mg\/kg (n \u2265 3 mice\/time point). Blood, brain, and liver samples were harvested at 0, 0.5, 1.5, and 3 h postdose. Plasma and tissue concentrations of the acid and lactone (only the acid form was determined for pravastatin) were determined using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Both lactone and acid were observed in plasma when lactones were administered, but only acids were detected when the acid forms were administered. The plasma and liver concentrations of acid or lactone were similar between the KO and WT mice. Two- to 23-fold higher concentrations were observed in liver than in plasma, suggesting potential uptake transporters involved. A significantly higher (p < 0.05) brain penetration in the KO compared with the WT mice was observed for lovastatin acid (but the brain\/plasma ratio was low for both KO and WT mice) and lactone and simvastatin lactone but not for atorvastatin or pravastatin. The present results suggest that mouse P-glycoprotein does not affect the lactone-acid interconversion or liver-plasma distribution. Furthermore, P-glycoprotein plays a limited role in restricting the brain penetration of the acid forms of atorvastatin, pravastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin, and atorvastatin lactone but may limit the brain availability of the lactone forms of simvastatin and lovastatin.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":13049155,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1990926703","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.107.015677","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This research sought to identify the motivational factors associated with the intention to readiness to retirement planning of estate sector employees in Sri Lanka. The theory of planned behavior (TPB) investigates the effects of the behavioral factors associated with the intention to readiness to retirement planning. Simple random sampling method was used to select the respondents and face-to-face interview was conducted to survey 900 households in the Nuwara Eliya district of the central province in Sri Lanka. The principal component analysis was used to calculate factors with Varimax rotation applied factor extraction. The regression analysis method was used to facilitate a path analysis of respondents' behavior. The result revealed that estate sector employees' readiness to retirement planning was significantly related to personal attitudes, social pressures and a sense of control. Readiness to retirement planning turns out to be of utmost important and the study discovered behavior patterns that have implications. Reducing structural barriers, financial knowledge and financial inclusion may culminate the retirement planning behavior. Findings of this study can be beneficial for financial product development, especially for rural and informal sector employees in attracting and retaining clients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10},"corpusid":168602869,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2516927588","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In previous studies, we have developed and tested observable-based parameterizations (OBP) of time-harmonic wavefield scattering by periodic or aperiodic finite arrays of planar strip and filament scatterers. The resulting algorithm is based on truncated Floquet modes and Floquet-modulated edge diffractions due to the truncations of the array. The corresponding robust wave processes link features (observables) in scattering data with geometrical features in the model configuration in such a manner as to be useful for subsequent application to target classification and identification. The present study extends these investigations to a finite array of filamentary scatterers located on the surface of an infinitely extended dielectric slab, thereby parameterizing (Floquet mode)-(leaky mode) interaction as a classifier of the more complicated phenomenology in this composite configuration. The outcome is an OBP with two separate constituents that can be interpreted, respectively, as slab-modified Floquet scattering by the truncated array and as truncated-Floquet-induced excitation of slab-guided leaky waves. This new OBP for the composite problem is validated by comparison with reference solutions generated numerically, its relevance to wave-oriented data processing is demonstrated in the companion paper.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":122759624,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2108961063","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/8.477522","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Serotonin modulates a wide range of physiological functions by activating multiple receptors, which are coupled to various effector systems. Using a strategy based on amino acid sequence homology between 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors, we have isolated from a mouse brain library a cDNA encoding a new 5-HT receptor, 5-HTx, that activates adenylate cyclase. Amino acid sequence comparisons revealed that the 5-HTx receptor was a distant relative of previously cloned 5-HT receptors, with the highest percentage of homology (42%) being with the 5-HTdro1 receptor, a Drosophila 5-HT receptor positively coupled to adenylate cyclase. In COS-7 cells transiently expressing the 5-HTx receptor, 5-HT induced an increase in cAMP levels that was dose dependent and saturable (EC50 = 45 nM). Agonists displayed the following rank order of potencies: 5-carboxamidotryptamine > 5-methoxytryptamine > 5-HT > RU 24969 > 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin. The most efficient antagonists in inhibiting the stimulatory effect of 5-HT were methysergide, methiothepin, mesulergine, metergoline, clozapine, ergotamine, and (+)-butaclamol. Membranes of COS-7 cells expressing the 5-HTx receptor displayed a single saturable binding site for [3H]5-HT. The order of potencies of various drugs in displacing [3H]5-HT binding was similar to the order obtained in cAMP experiments. The pharmacological profile of this receptor does not correspond to the profile of any of the classic 5-HT receptor subtypes. Expression of 5-HTx mRNA was highest in brainstem and lower in forebrain, cerebellum, intestine, and heart. The 5-HTx receptor might therefore correspond to 5-HT1-like receptors that have been shown to induce relaxation in porcine vena cava and guinea pig ileum as well as tachycardia in cat heart. The high affinity of the 5-HTx receptor for neuroleptic agents such as (+)-butaclamol and clozapine suggests also that this receptor might play a role in certain neuropsychiatric disorders.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":42569137,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2414538829","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"he occurrence of peanut bud necrosis (PBN) disease in India was first reported in 1968. The high incidence of PBN disease during the 1960s coincided with large-scale imports of the peanut cultivars Asiria Mwitundae and Spanish Improved, both of which are highly susceptible to PBN. Since then, a number of reports have been published in India describing bud necrosis under at least seven different names (Reddy 1988). Crop losses due to PBN have been estimated at USD89 million per year in India during 1976\u20131986. The disease is also currently recognized as economically important in Nepal (Sharma 1996), in Sri Lanka, and in Thailand (Wongkaew 1995). \nThe causal agent of PBN was originally reported as tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) (Ghanekar et al. 1979). Since then, methods to purify the causal virus of PBN have been developed, which facilitated the production of good quality antisera. On the basis of serological relationships, some physicochemical properties, and thrips transmission, it was shown that the causal virus of PBN in India was a distinct tospovirus that was named peanut bud necrosis virus (PBNV, Reddy et al. 1992). These results were subsequently confirmed by Adam et al. (1993). Later, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have been produced against the nucleocapsid (N) protein of PBNV (Poul et al. 1992). Antibodies from nine clones failed to react with a TSWV-lettuce (TSWV-L) isolate and with an impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) by triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) (coating of PBNV polyclonal antiserum, addition of antigen followed by addition of MAbs and antimouse IgGs conjugated to alkaline phosphatase). Of 16 MAbs produced against TSWV-L (Hsu et al. 1990), 12 H5 Al (f), 12 H5 H5 (1","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":73654515,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"151679115","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.17660\/ACTAHORTIC.1996.431.36","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The purpose of this study is to investigate the main barriers and possible enablers for integrating information and communication technologies (ICTs) in Turkey's pre-service teacher education programs. The data were collected by means of questionnaires from 53 deans in schools of teacher education (STE), 111 teacher educators, and 1,330 prospective teachers, and additionally from interviews of six teacher educators and six prospective teachers. The findings indicate that the majority of the stakeholders believe that lack of in-service training, lack of appropriate software and materials, and lack of hardware are the main barriers for integrating ICTs in pre-service teacher education programs. There was also agreement on the possible enablers; \"having technology plans\" was the strategy most strongly agreed upon in that category. Based on these findings, we propose the use of several strategies that should enhance successful ICTs integration.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":14361757,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2116262554","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The article considers topical issues, discussed in relation to the widespread problem areas of globalisation and sustainable development. The author divides the paper into several thematic parts. The introduction makes a general review of and criticises the phrasing 'sustainable development'. Examples of 'clientelism' are supplied, as practised by scientists orbiting around several Ministries, facilitated by shortcomings in the legal and regulatory framework. In the closing parts of the publication the author presents the results of his aerospace photo deciphering (made 30 years ago), which today support the search for oil and gas in the shelf and in southern Bulgaria. As a final part some conclusions are drawn and some recommendations , the most important being the formulation of the term 'sustaiinable development' on a local scale; this is a balanced approach in estimating the interaction between the ecodynamics of the environment with the technosphere, economy and society in a given region, country or district.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":221741086,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type of malignant transformation in mature cystic teratomas. It mainly effects postmenopausal women but is rarely seen in young patients. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) tumor marker is a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein, frequently elevated in gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas. CA19-9 levels can increase in both dermoid cysts and in malignant transformation of dermoid cysts. Herein we report a case of squamous cell carcinoma originating from a dermoid cyst in a 31-year-old, gravida 0, para 0, single woman with high levels of CA19-9 and normal levels of CEA. Preoperative CA19-9 was 1000 U\/ml (normal range below 27 U\/ml). The patient underwent unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, omentectomy, appendectomy, pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy. After the pathologic analysis of the material, the patient was categorized as FIGO Stage IIa due to metastasis to the left tube. She received six cycles of cisplatin and paclitaxel at 21-day intervals. The postoperative first day, second month, and sixth month CA19-9 values were 602 U\/ml, 33.5 U\/ml and 22.3 U\/ml, respectively. She is now doing well without recurrence of disease six months after the surgery. Squamous cell carcinomas originating from dermoid cysts are rare tumors especially seen in elderly patients with high levels of tumor markers (like CEA, SCCA). Every case may not have the same characteristics and management should be individualized.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":19242710,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"147474723","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"OF THESIS \"WHAT'S HAPPENING\" @TWITTER: A USES AND GRATIFICATIONS APPROACH The uses and gratifications approach places power in the hands of the audience and is a helpful perspective when trying to understand media usage, exposure, and effects. However, while the uses and gratifications approach has been applied regularly to traditional media, research explaining why people use new social media networks as well as the gratifications they obtain from them is scarce at best. This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the uses and gratifications approach as well as the current literature about social media networks. An argument is built within the thesis to study Twitter as one social media network through the uses and gratifications theoretical lens. Research questions are provided and a survey of 216 college undergraduates was conducted. Results show that people use a variety of Twitter functions, that the gratifications sought from Twitter are not the gratifications obtained from Twitter, and that people are careful about the types of information they share on the social media network. Additionally, results suggest that Twitter users obtain more gratifications from the passive functions of Twitter rather the active functions in terms of relational maintenance and entertainment. Limitations of the study and suggestions for future directions are also provided.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2017-13":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":142875019,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1525870993","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The process of dying of a culture of Str. diacetilactis under conditions of prolonged culturing is accompanied by substantial changes in the composition of the cell lipids. In the lipids of young cells the basic components are mono- and diglucosyldiglycerides, as well as phospholipids--two glucophospholipids, cardiolipin, and phosphatidylglycerin; triglycerides and sterols are present in negligible amounts. As the Str. diacetilactis culture develops and undergoes degradation, an increase is observed in the total amount of extractable lipids. In this case the fraction of phospholipids increases (chiefly on account of cardiolipin), while the fraction of neutral glucolipids decreases. It was shown that in cell homogenates there is a negligible peroxidation of lipids, which is intensified as the culture dies off. There is a parallel acceleration of the uptake of O2 by cell suspensions from cultures of different ages. The detected changes in the lipids are correlated with the morphological and physiological indices of the state of the culture.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":31560061,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract A total of 289 belemnite guards was analyzed from the Boreal Barremian (northeastern England and northwestern Germany) for their trace elements and isotopic composition. The oxygen-isotope signature shows similar paleotemperature variations for all seven sections investigated. Three different phases of climatic evolution can be recognized. An earliest Barremian cool phase (Praeoxyteuthis pugio belemnite Zone) is followed by a distinctive warming event in the late early Barremian (Aulacoteuthis spp. belemnite Zone). This Aulacoteuthis warm pulse has a relatively short-term peak (~500 kyr), which accompanies widespread anoxic bottom-water conditions and records the highest temperature throughout the Valanginian\u2013Barremian in the Boreal Realm. The late Barremian (Oxyteuthis brunsvicensis, O. germanica, and O. depressa belemnite Zones) is characterized by relatively positive \u03b418O values reflecting a cooling phase. This paleotemperature interpretation of the oxygen data is supported by the Mg\/Ca trends. The carbon isotope curve of the Barremian shows an increase from 1\u2030 in the early to 3\u2030 in the late Barremian. This trend may reflect the global signal of the carbon budget of Barremian oceans and be related to the widespread deposition of TOC-rich sediments in the southern part of the Boreal Realm and the progradation of the Urgonian carbonate platforms in the Tethys. There is evidence, however, that paleobiological factors may have played a much more important role in the incorporation of stable carbon isotopes than hitherto thought. In a monospecific belemnite population collected from one 30-cm-thick interval, the \u03b413C signal shows a variation of 1.5\u2030. Ontogenetic changes in the metabolic activity linked to temperature or food changes may explain changes in the fractionation rate, resulting in an ontogenetically controlled biofractionation.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":130586822,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3086619969","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.2110\/palo.2010.p09-029r","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Fanger's PMV is the most famous thermal sensation index but it is too complex to be applied in practice. Besides, the PMV index does not include the effect of horizontal solar radiation on the indoor thermal environment. In order to obtain simple and applicable correlations with consideration of solar radiation, a one-year measurement has been conducted in a naturally ventilated residential room in Qujing Normal University of Yunnan province, China. Based on collected data, PMV indices are calculated by using Newton's iterative method. The relationships of the PMV and the environmental parameters \u2014 outdoor air temperature, indoor mean air temperature, mean radiant temperature, wind velocity, relative humidity, and hourly horizontal solar radiation \u2014 have been studied by the multivariable regression techniques. Large numbers of correlations with high correlativity have been developed in the present paper. It is convenient to use them to evaluate and predict the indoor thermal environment in the natural ventilation buildings.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":110896457,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2056562634","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.4028\/www.scientific.net\/AMM.71-78.2671","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In the work presented here, obstetric management after a previous caesarean section was studied in a large patient group at the University Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics in Cologne from 1979 to 1995. Particular attention was given to the feared complication of uterine rupture. From a total of 15 166 deliveries, 1086 of the births had been preceded by one or more caesarean sections. These 1086 births formed the basis for the present study. Vaginal delivery was attempted in 44.5% of patients and was successful in 86% of those cases. Where there had been only one previous caesarean section, the percentage shifted in favor of vaginal delivery. All patients with more than two previous caesarean sections were delivered by elective caesarean section. The feared complication of rupture of the uterus occurred in four cases, for which case reports are presented. In view of such cases, signs of imminent uterus rupture often constitute an indication for elective (11.5%) or emergency resectioning (31.9%). No relationship was found between fetal outcome and mode of delivery. This retrospective study confirms the general recommendation and safety of vaginal delivery after a previous caesarean section as long as risks are minimised by a readiness to proceed with a repeat caesarean when signs of imminent rupture of the uterus arise.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":45852234,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2139881461","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/01443610120046297","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Tailoring the planar morphology of graphene and the generation of electron-dense active sites on its surface by heteroatom doping is one potential approach to enhance the charge storage performance of graphene based electrode materials. Herein, we have reported the preparation of a three-dimensional self-standing cellular architecture as sulfur-doped graphene foam (SGF) by using the simple self-assembly of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) polymer chains on graphene oxide followed by thermal treatment. Successful homogeneous sulfur doping in a three-dimensional (3D) framework of graphene allowed the material to have a large surface area with bulk electroactive regions on the surface for better interfacial contact with electrolyte ions and hence resulted in unprecedented energy storage capability in a flexible aqueous symmetric supercapacitor (367 F g\u22121 at 1 A g\u22121), a lithium ion battery (1697 mA h g\u22121 at 100 mA g\u22121), and a sodium ion battery (472 mA h g\u22121 at 50 mA g\u22121) as a binder-free electrode material. The outstanding electrochemical performance of the material demonstrates the potential of this synthesis approach for various heteroatom-doped self-standing nano-carbon monoliths on a small as well as a large scale for high-performance energy device fabrication for the advancement of modern electronic devices.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":100317425,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2585875114","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1039\/C6TA10933K","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A semi-standardised physical activity counselling intervention was \ndeveloped for annual repetition courses of the Swiss Army, consisting \nof poster presentations, group discussions and the selection of \nindividual behavioural targets. Feasibility of the intervention was \ngood, acceptance also. According to telephone interviews carried \nout after 12 weeks, similar changes in moderate intensity physical \nactivity behaviour were observed in three intervention and three \ncontrol units with 175 and 167 soldiers respectively. There were \nindications for effects on vigorous intensity activities and strength \ntraining, but they did not quite reach statistical significance. Adaptations \nhave been made in the questionnaires and the intervention \nmaterial. We believe that the intervention can make an important \ncontribution to addressing physical inactivity in a militia army.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":111077515,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2103478817","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5167\/uzh-29151","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper, we present the SensOrg, a musical CyberInstrument designed as a modular assembly of input\/output devices and musical software, mapped and arranged according to functional characteristics of the Man-Instrument system. We discuss how the cognitive ergonomics of non-verbal and symbolic task modalities influenced the design of our hardware interface for asynchronous as well as synchronous task situations. Using malleable atoms and tangible bits, we externally represented the musical functionality in a physical interface which is totally flexible yet completely freezable.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":27496568,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"132612134","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"With the rapid growth of online social media and ubiquitous Internet connectivity, social sensing has emerged as a new crowdsourcing application paradigm of collecting observations (often called claims) about the physical environment from humans or devices on their behalf. A fundamental problem in social sensing applications lies in effectively ascertaining the correctness of claims and the reliability of data sources without knowing either of them a priori, which is referred to as truth discovery. While significant progress has been made to solve the truth discovery problem, some important challenges have not been well addressed yet. First, existing truth discovery solutions did not fully solve the dynamic truth discovery problem where the ground truth of claims changes over time. Second, many current solutions are not scalable to large-scale social sensing events because of the centralized nature of their truth discovery algorithms. Third, the heterogeneity and unpredictability of the social sensing data traffic pose additional challenges to the resource allocation and system responsiveness. In this paper, we developed a Scalable Streaming Truth Discovery (SSTD) solution to address the above challenges. In this paper, we developed a Scalable Streaming Truth Discovery (SSTD) solution to address the above challenges. In particular, we first developed a dynamic truth discovery scheme based on Hidden Markov Models (HMM) to effectively infer the evolving truth of reported claims. We further developed a distributed framework to implement the dynamic truth discovery scheme using Work Queue in HTCondor system. We also integrated the SSTD scheme with an optimal workload allocation mechanism to dynamically allocate the resources (e.g., cores, memories) to the truth discovery tasks based on their computation requirements. We evaluated SSTD through real world social sensing applications using Twitter data feeds. The evaluation results on three real-world data traces (i.e., Boston Bombing, Paris Shooting and College Football) show that the SSTD scheme is scalable and outperforms the state-of-the-art truth discovery methods in terms of both effectiveness and efficiency.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":4774717,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2736009403","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/ICDCS.2017.196","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract Historical tsunami events have impacted the Istanbul coasts along the Sea of Marmara. Offshore seismic sources may trigger these tsunamis directly or through coseismic underwater failure. The 1999 izmit Bay tsunami led to more comprehensive analyses of these events which are generally caused by underwater failures close to the target coastline. Waves so generated can arrive at nearby coastlines in minutes, causing extensive damage and loss of life. Here this paper propose, on the basis of tsunami models in the Sea of Marmara and methodology used internationally, first generation tsunami inundation maps for the areas along the southern coast of IstanbuL Such maps for selected areas help to understand the possible effects on those regions and should only be used for evacuation plaiming and reducing possible hazard.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":132093065,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2549665623","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"For centuries, the art world was a male preserve. Exceptionally talented and ambitious women became successful artists, only to be written out of the history of Western art. But how have women really seen themselves? What can self-portraits tell us about the way women have lived and worked? This book examines the subject, revealing a vibrant, colourful but largely overlooked genre. The two earliest self-portraits come from 12th-century manuscripts in which nuns gaze at us across eight centuries. In 1630 Artemisia Gentileschi depicted herself powerfully as the very personification of painting. From Adelaide Labille-Guiard to Angelica Kauffmann, in the 18th century, women signalled in their different ways ambition, femininity and the artist's calling. In this century, growing freedom and awareness have allowed for an increasingly intimate self-scrutiny, in the work of such artists as Gwen John and Paula Modersohn-Becker. Frida Kahlo's \"The Broken Column\" of 1944, shows her confined by the steel that supports her damaged spine. Sarah Lucas portrays herself as a tough, masculine outsider in photographs such as \"Self Portrait with Fish\". And when Cindy Sherman explores identity by transforming herself, she poses the questions that all the women in this book have faced when they \"see\" themselves - and help all of us to see ourselves too.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2014-10":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":191112961,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1584653480","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.5860\/choice.36-1365","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The demonstrator presents a test-bed for collecting data on human\u2013computer dialogue: a fully automated dialogue system that can perform Map Task with a user. In a first step, we have used the test-bed to collect human\u2013computer Map Task dialogue data, and have trained various data-driven models on it for detecting feedback response locations in the user's speech. One of the trained models has been tested in user interactions and was perceived better in comparison to a system using a random model. The demonstrator will exhibit three versions of the Map Task dialogue system\u2014each using a different trained data-driven model of Response Location Detection.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":714530,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"253869686","ACL":"W13-4059","DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"beta-Catenin, the chief oncogenic component of the canonical Wnt pathway, is known to be involved in a variety of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although the mechanism of beta-catenin activation in HCC is multifactorial, it is indisputably implicated at various stages of hepatocarcinogenesis, making it an attractive therapeutic target. Here we investigate the effect of small interfering RNA-mediated beta-catenin knockdown on the growth and survival of human hepatoma cell lines with (HepG2) and without (Hep3B) beta-catenin mutations. Transfection of HepG2 and Hep3B cells with human beta-catenin (CTNNB1) small interfering RNA resulted in a significant beta-catenin decrease, as confirmed by Western blot analyses and immunofluorescence, also leading to decreased expression of known target genes such as cyclin D1 and glutamine synthetase. The decrease in beta-catenin activity was confirmed by TOPflash reporter luciferase assay. The functional impact of diminished beta-catenin was exhibited as temporal decrease in tumor cell viability by the MTT assay. A concomitant decrease in tumor cell proliferation was also evident with [(3)H]thymidine incorporation and verified with soft agar assays. Thus, beta-catenin is essential for the survival and growth of hepatoma cells independent of mutations in the beta-catenin gene and provide a proof of principle for the significance of the therapeutic inhibition of beta-catenin in HCC.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":86381348,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2105292806","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1593\/NEO.07469","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"We formulate a reduced model to analyze the motion of the core of a twisted scroll wave. The model is first shown to provide a simple description of the onset and nonlinear evolution of the helical state appearing in the sproing bifurcation of scroll waves. It then serves to examine the experimentally studied case of a medium with spatially varying excitability. The model shows the role of sproing in this more complex setting and highlights the differences between the convective and absolute sproing instabilities.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":4,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":12115385,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2081425269","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1103\/PHYSREVLETT.96.098301","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Infectious diseases caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens are impending threats to global health. Since delays in identifying drug resistance would signi fi cantly increase mortality, fast and accurate antibiotic susceptibility tests (ASTs) are critical for addressing the antibiotic resistance issue. However, the conventional methods for ASTs are always labor-intensive, imprecise, complex and slow (taking 2 \u2013 3 days). To address these issues, some advanced micro fl uidic systems have been designed for rapid phenotypic and genotypic analysis of antibiotic resistance. This review highlights the recent development of micro fl uidics-based ASTs at the single-cell or single-molecule level for guiding antibiotic treatment decisions and predicting therapeutic outcomes.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":253180400,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES\nInterleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine which increases bcl-2 levels and protects cells from steroid or doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells bear functional IL-10 receptors. Thus serum IL-10 (sIL-10) might inhibit apoptosis in HRS cells, which could occur as a result of either chemotherapy or the crippled immunoglobulin genes.\n\n\nDESIGN AND METHODS\nWe determined sIL-10 levels in 122 patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), treated with ABVD or equivalent regimens with or without radiotherapy, and correlated them with presenting clinical and laboratory features, as well as failure-free survival (FFS) and overall survival.\n\n\nRESULTS\nElevated sIL-10 levels ( > or = 10 pg\/mL) were detected in 55 patients (45%), and were correlated with advanced stage and elevated serum b2-microglobulin levels. At 7 years FFS was 85% vs. 63% for patients with normal vs. elevated sIL-10 levels, respectively (p=0.01); overall survival was 97% vs. 73% (p=0.005). Multivariate analysis with Cox's proportional hazards model demonstrated that elevated sIL-10 levels were the strongest independent predictor of FFS, and were also associated with inferior overall survival.\n\n\nINTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS\nWe conclude that sIL-10 levels are elevated in 45% of patients with HL, and are associated with inferior FFS and overall survival, independently of other established prognostic factors.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":8723633,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2184074143","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Mutant spectra analysis was conducted with spontaneous hisG46 revertants of Salmonella typhimurium strain YG1029 and revertants induced by the plant- and mammalian S9-activation of benzidine and 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP). Under preincubation conditions, YG1029 cells were exposed to benizidine or 4-ABP with mammalian S9 activation or to a high molecular weight fraction that contained the plant-activated products. The induced revertants were isolated at mutagen concentrations that caused an increased mutant frequency of approximately 4- to 10-fold above background. Genomic DNA from each revertant was isolated and the hisG region was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Using a series of specific probes and a modified version of the ECL3's-oligolabelling and detection system, each of the six possible base-pair substitution mutations at hisG46 that leads to a reversion event was determined. Of the YG1029 spontaneous revertants, transition mutations were 31.8% and transversion mutations were 68.2%. The YG1029 spontaneous mutant spectrum differed significantly from the spontaneous spectrum of TA1535 but did not significantly differ from the spontaneous TA100 mutant spectrum. The differences of the spontaneous mutant spectra among these highly related strains illustrate that the introduction of the plasmid pKM101 into S. typhimurium increased the frequency of transversions (CCC-->ACC; CCC-->CAC) and reduced site 2 (CCC-->CTC) transitions. With plant-activated benzidine, 21.1% of recovered revertants resulted from transitions and 78.9% from transversions while S9 activated-benzidine induced revertants were recovered as 14.2% from transition and 85.8% from transversion mutations. Plant-activated 4-ABP recovered 20.0% transitions and 80.0% transversions. S9-activated 4-ABP-induced 21.4% transitions and 78.6% transversions. Chi-square analysis of mutant spectra indicated that the DNA lesions that resulted in reversion at the hisG46 allele induced by plant-activated benzidine or 4-ABP were different from those generated after mammalian S9 activation of these promutagens. The plant-activated benzidine and 4-ABP induced statistically identical mutant spectra. Also, the mammalian-activated benzidine and 4-ABP induced statistically similar mutant spectra. These data show that the plant-activated and mammalian-activated aromatic amine products inflicted different types or distributions of DNA lesions that were reflected in the resulting induced mutant spectra.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":2835865,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2096020844","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1002\/TCM.10061","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In his 2015 Research Through Design provocation, Tim Ingold invites his audience to think with string, lines, and meshworks. In this article I use Ingold's concepts to explore an orientation to design\u2014one that threads through both Ingold's ideas and Vinciane Despret's vivid and moving accounts of human-animal relations. This is a \"thinking and doing\" through design that seeks to be expansive to the capacities of humans and non-humans in relation to one another.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":57561732,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2724633224","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1162\/DESI_A_00449","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Care of older people is often referred to as a 'Cinderella' service and is not seen as an attractive career option in health care, but with the global population continuing to age, caring for this group will become increasingly important. This article outlines the literature that formed the basis for two studies investigating the attitudes of healthcare staff towards working with older people, including respondents' perceptions of other healthcare professionals' attitudes toward this important area of work. The Multifactorial Attitudes Questionnaire was designed to examine five major themes identified from the literature: ageism; learning environment; working environment; professional esteem; and specialist status. This study is presented in two parts: this article discusses the literature and the design of the questionnaire. The second article, to be published in a subsequent issue of the journal, presents the results from two studies done in Scotland, the first in 1999, with a replication study in 2009.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":39359436,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2335158097","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.7748\/NOP2013.04.25.3.22.E769","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Much of the currently available evidence on the causal effects of public prekindergarten programs on school readiness outcomes comes from studies that use a regression-discontinuity design (RDD) with the age cutoff to enter a program in a given year as the basis for assignment to treatment and control conditions. Because the RDD has high internal validity when its key assumptions are met, these studies appear to provide strong evidence for the effectiveness of these programs. However, there are overlooked methodological problems in the way this design has typically been applied that have the potential to produce biased effect estimates. We describe these problems, argue that they deserve more attention from researchers using this design than they have received, and offer suggestions for improving future studies.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-30":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":145594285,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2134601701","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.3102\/0162373714547266","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In NiFe hydrogenases, electrons are transferred from the active site to the redox partner via a chain of three Iron-Sulfur clusters, and the surface-exposed [4Fe4S] cluster has an unusual His(Cys)3 ligation. When this Histidine (H184 in Desulfovibrio fructosovorans) is changed into a cysteine or a glycine, a distal cubane is still assembled but the oxidative activity of the mutants is only 1.5 and 3% of that of the WT, respectively. We compared the activities of the WT and engineered enzymes for H2 oxidation, H+ reduction and H\/D exchange, under various conditions: (i) either with the enzyme directly adsorbed onto an electrode or using soluble redox partners, and (ii) in the presence of exogenous ligands whose binding to the exposed Fe of H184G was expected to modulate the properties of the distal cluster. Protein film voltammetry proved particularly useful to unravel the effects of the mutations on inter and intramolecular electron transfer (ET). We demonstrate that changing the coordination of the distal cluster has no effect on cluster assembly, protein stability, active-site chemistry and proton transfer; however, it slows down the first-order rates of ET to and from the cluster. All-sulfur coordination is actually detrimental to ET, and intramolecular (uphill) ET is rate determining in the glycine variant. This demonstrates that although [4Fe4S] clusters are robust chemical constructs, the direct protein ligands play an essential role in imparting their ability to transfer electrons.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"2024-30":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":34922107,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1986173576","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1021\/JA060233B","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The main objective of the thesis was to quantify the genetic and phenotypic determinants \nof variation in milk yield and composition, model the lactation pattern of pasture-based \ndairy cows varying in genetic potential for milk production and the comparative \nevaluation of empirical, mechanistic and random regression models as tools for \nmanagement decisions. More than half a million lactation and pedigree data from \nTasmanian dairy farms were sourced mainly from the TasHerd Milk Recording \nOrganisation and the Elliott Research and Demonstration Station. The data were analysed \nusing non-linear, generalised linear, mixed linear, multi-trait and random regression \nprocedures in SAS and ASReml. \nInitial and the incline to peak but not peak and total milk yield were significantly \ninfluenced by sire EBV choice. Early lactation milk yield potential was highly correlated \nwith peak and total milk yield and could be used as an early indicator of a cow's genetic \nmerit. Genetic (sire estimated breeding value (EBV) and cow production level in early \nlactation), physiological (age, parity and body weight), environmental (season and year of \ncalving, lactation stage, nutrition and herd), factors influenced production traits. In \naddition days to first test-day post-partum, lactation length, number of test-days and their \ninteractions affected curve shapes. Heritability of 305d milk, fat, protein and somatic cell \ncounts were 0.41, 0.37, 0.32 and 0.28 respectively. Phenotypic correlations between milk \nand component yields ranged from -0.03 to 0.92, while genetic correlations ranged \nbetween 0.034 and 0.85. Fourteen lactation functions including 8 empirical, 4 mechanistic and 2 semi-parametric \ntypes were fitted to test-day milk and milk composition yields. Empirical models \nadequately modeled the lactation of homogeneous group of cows but had varying error \nbiases in fitting individual cow's profiles. Random regression, including cubic spline, \nmodels attained acceptable goodness of fit and permitted simultaneous evaluation of \nfactors affecting curve shapes. Significant contributions of the thesis to lactation modeling are the identification of \nsuitable functions and the introduction of a new empirical model for pasture-based \nsystems. High positive correlation between parameter c of this model with peak milk \nyield and lactation persistency suggests that it has the potential for future dairy genetic \nimprovement. The knowledge of factors affecting curve shapes in pasture-based systems \nwill be relevant in developing appropriate management strategies to mitigate early \nlactation production stress and maintain persistency. \nDesirable as it is none of the tested mechanistic functions performed well. Suggestions \nfor future work are; further research into the potential of existing mechanistic models to \nfit data across production systems and establishing a basis for understanding the \nphysiological basis of empirical models. Lack of herd level management input \ninconsistent data recording pattern and incomplete test-date records were major obstacles \nof the study. Similarly, lack of economic indices made profitability modelling and overall \nfarm economic analysis difficult. These constitute gaps in the current lactation data \ncollation systems.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9},"corpusid":108663240,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1554854764","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The devices used for sensor protection against laser pulses are called optical limiters. The ideal optical limiter has the characteristics has a high linear transmission for low input (e.g. energy E or power P), a variable limiting input E or P, and a large dynamic range defined as the ratio of the E or P at which the device damages (irreversibly) to the limiting input. Such devices can also be used as power or energy regulators. However, since the primary application of the optical limiter is for sensor protection, and damage to detectors is almost always determined by fluence or irradiance, these are usually the quantities of interest for the output of the limiter. Getting ideal limiting response turns out to be possible using a wide variety of materials; however, it is very difficult to get the limiting threshold as low as is often required and at the same time have a large dynamic range. Because high transmission for low inputs is desired, the material\/device must have low linear absorption.These criteria lead to the use of two-photon absorption (2PA) and nonlinear refraction phenomena in practice.Any material (both inorganic or organic) which shows nonlinear absorption can be used for practical limiters.Unfortunately, except in the IR region, 2PA coefficients of inorganic solids are too small for most of these applications which look to protect against nanosecond sources. Organic materials have the potential for larger nonlinearities and are being actively investigated. In addition, if small linear absorption can be tolerated, reverse saturable absorbers can be effective. Here the transmitted fluence is reduced so that the energy of a long pulse is limited as well as a short pulse as long as the pulse width is less than excited-state decay times. In this paper, we have anslysed the characteristics of the ideal optical limiter and reviewed the recent efforts by many researchers on the realization of best optical limiter using nonlinear organic materials.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":237527749,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Since the introduction of nickel, cobalt and titanium-based alloys in the early 1950s, these materials in a relatively short time became a backbone materials for the aerospace, energy, chemical industry and even medicine. The combination of excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and bio-compatibility renders these alloys the best material choice for many critical application. This review describes the results realized through the research in the Department of Materials Science in \u2032Vinca\u2032 Institute. The emphasize was given to the relation between the microstructure and mechanical properties of conventionally cast nickel and cobalt-based super alloys, as well as directionally solidified and single crystal castings of nickel-based super alloys. The special attention was paid to the development of vacuum melting and casting technology for processing surgical implants made of a titanium-based alloy.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":2,"unknown":6}},"corpusid":7901966,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2302282544","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This thesis is a collection of seven independent papers dealing with different topics in the analysis and control of nonlinear systems, mainly discussed using differential geometric methods and mainly inspired by applications to Robotics. Paper A proposes a geometric framework for the study of certain redundant robotic chains. Interpreting the forward kinematic map from joint space to the workspace of the end-effector as a Riemannian submersion allows to give clear geometric characterizations of several properties of redundant robots, for example of the Moore-Penrose pseudoinverse as the horizontal lift of the Riemannian submersion. Furthermore, it enables to pull back to joint space the motion control algorithms designed in workspace, all respecting the different structures of the two model spaces. The generation of motion in a geometric setting continues in Paper B, where the reduction by groups invariance of first and second order variational problems is discussed for a configuration space which is a semidirect product of a Lie group and a vector space, endowed with the Riemannian connection of a positive definite metric tensor instead of the natural affine connection. Paper C treats motion on Lie groups in presence of constraints that are not invariant: for a kinematic control system on the Lie group, the combination of inputs that satisfies the constraints is computed in coordinates via the WeiNorman formula and in a coordinate-free setting by finding the annihilator of the coadjoint orbit of the constraint one form at the point of interest. For a class of linear switching systems with controllable logic, an interpretation is proposed in Paper D in terms of bilinear control systems. The main consequence is the characterization of the reachable set of the switching system as having only the structure of a semigroup since, in general, the logic inputs cannot reverse the direction of the flow. Paper E considers the nilpotent, filiform Lie group of transformations corresponding to a control system in chained form and shows how to obtain an abelian left coset out of it by factoring out the characteristic line field. The control theoretic interpretation is the arclength reparameterization normally used in differential flatness methods. Paper F investigates the so-called general n-trailer i.e. a variant of the multibody wheeled vehicle discussed in the literature. Properties like controllability, singular locus and existence of canonical forms are analyzed. The last paper presents practical experiments on backward driving for a particular multibody vehicle in the class of general n-trailers. For the situation under investigation, the system behaves like an unstable, saturated nonlinear system. The proposed hybrid control scheme is able to avoid jack-knife saturations on line by driving forward and realigning the bodies of the system when needed.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"2015-06":1,"2014-10":1,"2013-48":1,"2013-20":1,"2015-18":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":118022578,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"378911277","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objective: Among physicians, men are 1.41 times, and women are 2.27 times more likely to die by suicide than the general population. Physician suicide exhibits a double peak, with the highest incidence occurring in late middle age, and the second peak during the training years. There is a limited number of studies on physician suicides in Turkiye. This study aims to examine completed physician and medical student suicides and explore the associated socio-demographic, professional, and suicidological parameters over a 16-year period. Method: The research involves an explanatory study of medical student and physician suicide deaths in Turkiye from 2006 to 2021, based on data from the Google database and online news sites. In the initial stage, specific keywords were used to search Google for news related to the topic. This process yielded 892 results, from which 133 relevant cases were identified. Subsequently, the study extended to searching 32 online national newspapers and 28 online news sites using the same keywords, leading to the discovery of an additional 33 cases. Furthermore, 32 cases were obtained from four widely used social media sites and seven health workers' news portal. Results: The study evaluated 138 cases as definite\/probable suicide deaths. The mean age of individuals was 38.64\u00b112.80. Most of the subjects were specialists (39.9%). Drug intoxication (27.9%) was the most common method of suicide, followed by jumping from height (21.7%). Familial problems were cited most frequently (26.5%), followed by occupational\/academic problems (22.1%). Regarding the specialties, anesthesiology (12.5%), gynecology and obstetrics (10.2%), and psychiatry (10.2%) had the highest occurrences among the suicide cases. Conclusion: The study revealed that academic problems among medical students and marital discord among specialists emerged as the key reasons for suicide. These issues are preventable and warrant further investigation through focused research.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"2024-26":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":261984682,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.14744\/dajpns.2023.00217","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14744\/dajpns.2023.00217","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Between September and October 2019, the Norwegian Institute for Public Health (NIPH) surveyed women born between 1991 and 1996 who were offered catch-up vaccination for human papilloma virus (HPV). The aim was to identify determinants of vaccine schedule adherence. A random sample of 10,000 women who were offered catch-up vaccination were invited to participate in the survey. We defined adherence as receiving all three doses. Determinants of HPV vaccination adherence were investigated using descriptive, univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses providing adjusted odds ratios (aOR). Data from 3,762 respondents who received at least one dose were included. Overall, 92.1% (95% CI = 89.3\u201391.9) of those initiating vaccination adhered to the complete schedule. The following factors were significantly associated with HPV vaccination adherence compared to non-adherence: country of origin (aOR = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.47\u20130.97), having children (aOR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.35\u20130.73), ease of finding out where to get vaccinated (aOR = 1.94; 95% CI = 1.69\u20132.23), preference for receiving information from health authorities (aOR = 1.37; 95% CI = 1.04\u20131.81) and vaccination being readily available (aOR = 2.28; 95% CI = 1.50\u20133.37). Information from NIPH via SMS and social media were negatively associated for Norwegians (aOR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.46\u20131.01) and positively associated for those whose country of origin was not Norway (aOR = 1.48, 95% CI = 0.69\u20133.14; not significant). Those who did not adhere to the full vaccination schedule reported that they had forgotten (40.4%; 95% CI = 33.5\u201347.8) or had no time (32.9%; 95% CI = 26.2\u201340.4). Despite NIPH's targeted communication campaign, the main barriers for HPV vaccination adherence were difficulty to find out where to get the vaccine, forgetting to take the vaccine or not having time to complete the schedule.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-30":2,"2024-26":1,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":238422971,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.1971921","PubMedCentral":"8920170","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNCND","url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645515.2021.1971921","status":"HYBRID"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"In this paper a photovoltaic solar power system will be designed to power an LED light. The main components of the system that need to be designed PV module: Convert the solar energy to DC electricity, Battery bank: To store energy and use it in the days when there is no sun ray, Charge controller: Organize charging and discharging the battery, and The load (LED light).it is important to determine the average daily solar insolation [kWh\/m2 per day]. I have to know how many battery is required to cover our load for one night using different equations.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":113453058,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2539053212","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.17148\/IJIREEICE.2016.4301","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"This paper reports the impact of a two-week music immersion program conducted in Vancouver on a group of undergraduate music students from Hong Kong. The program included school visits, workshops\/seminars, cultural activities and exchanges of performances. The study was based on the reflective journals written by the immersion program participants, who critically reflected on their experiences. The reflections revealed six aspects which have impacted the participants: broadening their perspective in a different music education system; discovering various teaching approaches and deepening understanding of music teaching; learning new topics on music not commonly available in the home city; experiencing a foreign school music culture and social life style; enjoying participation in performances and exchange experiences; and strengthening social communication skills and learning to adapt to teamwork environment. The findings show that the participants were able to acquire understanding of a different education system, gain insights in teaching and learning approaches, as well as obtain new knowledge and techniques not commonly experienced in their home city. Furthermore, the immersion program provided a valuable cultural exchange opportunity, as well as strengthened the communication skills and teamwork spirit of the participants.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":10,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-10":1,"unknown":8}},"corpusid":74601041,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2297053231","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Based on an ethnographic research drawing on in-depth interviews with attorneys working in the field of international business law in Istanbul, Turkey, this thesis examines how the macro-level changes that are brought about by the transformation and restructuring of the juridical field in Turkey are articulated at the micro-level, in the lives and careers of these attorneys. Departing from the colloquial expression of a plaza attorney, I explore the different types of cultural capital which have enabled them to build their careers in the field of international business law and investigate the links between their professional and political identities. In doing so, this thesis aims at providing an insight to the emergent fractures in the historically constituted unitary image of attorneys in Turkey. Utilizing Bourdieu's conceptualization of the juridical, this thesis discusses the way in which the 'newly emerging' conceptions of professional identity challenge the 'conventional' understandings of attorneyship in Turkey and the existing professional hierarchies and introduce new ones.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":155599305,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2943511477","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"A collaboration between three institutions\u2014the National Rifle Association (NRA), the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), and the manufacturers of guns and ammunition\u2014created in the early years of the twentieth century a set of youth programs aimed at domesticating and naturalizing rifle shooting as a wholesome sport for preadolescent and adolescent boys. The BSA, in particular, had to persuade urban and suburban parents and community leaders that target shooting encouraged physical fitness, mental alertness, self-control, self-reliance, and an appreciation of the role of rifles in securing and maintaining American freedoms. Using BSA merit badge pamphlets and other materials created by these three organizations from 1910 to the present, this essay charts the rhetoric used to persuade boys and adults that boys should be taught to shoot rifles. The early appeals (1910-1940) stressed the origins of rifle shooting in American history, especially the romantic history of the west, but in the 1950s the appeal shifted to the wholesome, family-oriented dimensions of the sport. The urban violence and anti-war sentiments of the 1960s and 1970s complicated the persuasive messages, but the need to remasculinize America in the 1980s gave the youth shooting movements new life. Increased mass shootings at colleges and schools in the 1990s to the present have made the BSA-NRA partnership increaingly difficult to negotiate rhetorically.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":144660256,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2033028048","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1353\/AMS.2014.0025","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Objectives Fibre-endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) to detect dysphagia is gaining more and more importance as a diagnostic tool. Therefore, we have investigated the impact of FEES in neurological patients in a clinical setting. Design Cross-sectional hospital-based registry. Setting Primary acute care in a neurological department of a German university hospital. Participants 241patients with various neurological diseases who underwent FEES procedure. Primary and secondary outcome measures Dysphagia and related comorbidities. Results 267 FEES were performed in 241 patients with various neurological diagnoses. Dysphagia was diagnosed in 68.9% of the patients. In only 33.1% of the patients, appropriate oral diet was chosen prior to FEES. A relevant dysphagia occurred more often in patients with structural brain lesions (83.1% vs 65.3%, P=0.001), patients with dysphagia had a longer hospitalisation (median 18 (IQR 12\u201330) vs 15 days (IQR 9.75\u201322.75), P=0.005) and had a higher mortality (8.4% vs 1.3%, P=0.041). When the oral diet was changed, we observed a lower pneumonia rate (36% vs 50%, P=0.051) and a lower mortality (3.7% vs 11.3%, P=0.043) in comparison to no change of oral diet. A restriction of oral diet was identified more often in older patients (median 75 years (IQR 66.3\u201382 years) vs median 72 years (IQR 60\u201379 years), P=0.01) and in patients with structural brain lesions (86.8% vs 73.1%, P=0.05). Conclusion On clinical investigation, dysphagia was misjudged for the majority of the patients. FEES might help to compensate this drawback, revising the diet regime in nearly 70% of the patients.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8},"corpusid":4041640,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2790155859","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019016","PubMedCentral":"5855308","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBYNC","url":"https:\/\/bmjopen.bmj.com\/content\/bmjopen\/8\/3\/e019016.full.pdf","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Abstract When policymakers focus on costs and benefits, they often find that hard questions become easy \u2013 as, for example, when the benefits clearly exceed the costs, or when the costs clearly exceed the benefits. In some cases, however, benefits or costs are difficult to quantify, perhaps because of limitations in scientific knowledge. In extreme cases, policymakers are proceeding in circumstances of uncertainty rather than risk, in the sense that they cannot assign probabilities to various outcomes. We suggest that in difficult cases in which important information is absent, it is useful for policymakers to consider a concept from poker: 'freerolls.' A freeroll exists when choosers can lose nothing from selecting an option but stand to gain something (whose magnitude may itself be unknown). In some cases, people display 'freeroll neglect.' In terms of social justice, John Rawls' defense of the difference principle is grounded in the idea that, behind the veil of ignorance, choosers have a freeroll. In terms of regulatory policy, one of the most promising defenses of the Precautionary Principle sees it as a kind of freeroll. Some responses to climate change, pandemics and financial crises can be seen as near-freerolls. Freerolls and near-freerolls must be distinguished from cases involving cumulatively high costs and also from faux freerolls, which can be found when the costs of an option are real and significant, but not visible. 'Binds' are the mirror-image of freerolls; they involve options from which people are guaranteed to lose something (of uncertain magnitude). Some regulatory options are binds, and there are faux binds as well.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":8,"dup_dump_count":2,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":226354726,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3094340272","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1017\/bpp.2020.51","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/bpp.2020.51","status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":": The peripheral plasma levels of 20alpha-dihydroprogesterone (20alpha-DHP), progesterone (P) and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) were measured by radioimmunoassay techniques in 440 samples during normal human pregnancy between weeks 4 and 41. The levels of 20alpha--DHP in plasma from the 4th to the 6th week were between 6.0 and 6.6 ng\/ml. From then until the 21st week the average plasma 20alpha-DHP concentrations remained at the same level between 4.0 and 6.3 ng\/ml; they then rose significantly to and beyond term, levels reaching over 40 ng\/ml. The range of mean plasma concentration of P during the first trimester of pregnancy fell to a nadir in the 9th week (170 ng\/ml) then rose with increased gestation until the 39th week (190.4 ng\/ml) followed by a slight and not significant drop. Single measurements of plasma 17--OHP from the 4th to the 6th week of pregnancy gave value between 2.8 and 3.6 ng\/ml, but from the 7th week the mean plasma 17--OHP levels gradually declined, then from week 30 the 17-OHP concentration increased to reach a mean level of 7.63 ng\/ml in the 41st week. The ratio P\/20alpha--DHP increased from the 4th (3.5:1) to the 24th week (15.6:1) and then decreased from 25th week (7.9:1) towards term (3.2:1).","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":3,"unknown":3}},"corpusid":72241792,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2035910075","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1530\/ACTA.0.0860634","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"The wind of the classical nova V1974 Cygni is studied by modeling the observed profiles of the most prominent ultraviolet doublets Mg II, C II, Al III, Si IV and CIV through the Sobolev Exact Integration (SEI) method by Lamers et al. (1997). Examples are shown for the Mg ii 2800 A doublet.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":118959281,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"1577901704","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Utilizing channel reciprocity, the traditional time- reversal technique boosts the signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver with very low transmitter complexity. However, the large delay spread gives rise to severe inter-symbol interference (ISI) when the data rate is high, and the performance is further degraded in the multiuser downlink due to the inter-user interference (IUI). In this work, we study the weighted sum rate optimization problem in the time-reversal multiuser downlink using waveform design. By exploiting the relation between the allocated power and the SINR targets, an iterative algorithm is proposed to optimize the waveform design through a new power allocation algorithm. Simulation results are shown to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed algorithm in comparison with other traditional methods.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":9,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2015-11":1,"unknown":7}},"corpusid":62608179,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2016132771","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2012.120312.120572","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"ABSTRACT Varroa mite (Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman) is a major global threat to the western honey bee (Apis mellifera L.). The ectoparasite has been implicated in the spread of honeybee viruses. Beekeeping plays a major role in transmission of the mite. The study aimed at assessing levels of Varroa infestation, bee viruses and bacteria incidences in domesticated honeybee colonies. Samples of adult honey bees, bee brood and Varroa mites were collected from Baringo, Narok, Kwale, Magarini, Voi, Ijara, Busia and Siaya in Kenya. Ten hives in each site were inspected for the presence of Varroa mites on adult bees using the icing sugar technique and forceps in sealed brood cells. The number of mites observed were recorded per site. Ribonucleic acid was extracted from the mites, brood and adult bees and a polymerase chain reaction was performed to detect the black queen cell virus. Pooled RNA samples of brood and adult bees were used in next generation sequencing on a 454 GS FLX platform to detect bee viruses and bacteria. Varroa mites were reported in all the study sites at varying levels. The black queen cell virus and three iflaviruses, European foul brood and its secondary causative agent Enterococcus faecalis were reported. The Kenyan honeybee population is threatened by bee pests and pathogens. There is a need for constant monitoring of bee pests and diseases in honeybee colonies in the country for early detection and to provide data on the status of bee health. All stakeholders in the beekeeping value chain should be enlightened on their role in pest and disease transmission.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7},"corpusid":87611150,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2343269804","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1080\/00128325.2016.1164979","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":"CLOSED"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Research trends are pushing artificial intelligence (AI) across the Internet of Things (IoT)\u2013edge\u2013fog\u2013cloud continuum to enable effective data analytics, decision making, as well as the efficient use of resources for QoS targets. Approaches for collective adaptive systems (CASs) engineering, such as aggregate computing, provide declarative programming models and tools for dealing with the uncertainty and the complexity that may arise from scale, heterogeneity, and dynamicity. Crucially, aggregate computing architecture allows for \"pulverization\": applications can be decomposed into many deployable micromodules that can be spread across the ICT infrastructure, thus allowing multiple potential deployment configurations for the same application logic. This article studies the deployment architecture of aggregate-based edge services and its implications in terms of performance and cost. The goal is to provide methodological guidelines and a model-based toolchain for the generation and simulation-based evaluation of potential deployments. First, we address this subject methodologically by proposing an approach based on deployment code generators and a simulation phase whose obtained solutions are assessed with respect to their performance and costs. We then tailor this approach to aggregate computing applications deployed onto an IoT\u2013edge\u2013fog\u2013cloud infrastructure, and we develop a corresponding toolchain based on Protelis and EdgeCloudSim. Finally, we evaluate the approach and tools through a case study of edge multimedia streaming, where the edge ecosystem exhibits intelligence by self-organizing into clusters to promote load balancing in large-scale dynamic settings.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":7,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-22":1,"unknown":5}},"corpusid":248648761,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":null,"ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2022.3172470","PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Beside carbon black, silica becomes the most important filler for high-performance rubber products. However, unlike carbon black its surface properties are not favorable for providing satisfactory rubber\/filler interactions. A significant amount of silanol groups present on the silica surface results in a considerably polar character, whereas most of rubbers exhibit a non-polar or relatively low-polar character. Because of this, various approaches towards different surface treatments of silica were made. Currently, it is state of the art that thesilanization with sulfide-silanes or mercaptosilanes is applied to provide an improved rubber\/filler couplingvia sulfur links during vulcanization of rubber. Such solution results in the formation of strong, covalent bonds between the silica surface and rubber macromolecules giving the required performance. However, the covalent, sulfur links are relatively stiff and once broken they are unable to reconnect. Moreover, this type of coupling provides only one type of rubber\/filler connections via sulfur chains, therefore not leaving much space for tailoring and modifying the interactions. The aim of this research is to introduce an alternative type of rubber\/silica coupling inspired by the velcro system existing in nature. The bio-mimicking mechanism bases on physical entanglements and steric hindrance between tangled rubber macromolecules \u2013 acting as molecular loops - and oligomer brushes grafted on the silica surface \u2013 acting as molecular hooks. This results in the formation of molecular hooks- and-loops, a rubber\/silica interphasefastener.The oligomer brushes were synthesized using a monohydroxy telechelic butadiene oligomercontaining ca. 65 % of monomeric units in vinyl configuration as a backbone, which wasconnected to the silica surface via an isocyanate silane. Afterwards, various thiols were attached to this oligomeric backbone by radical reaction with the vinyl groups of the oligomer. Depending on the chemical structure of the used thiols, these synthesized brushes interact differently with the rubber matrix influencing macroscopic properties of the rubber compound. This approach allows tailoring of rubber\/filler interactions by using thiols of various chemical structures as side groups of an oligomer backbone. A major advantage of this coupling system is the possibility to reconnect the rubber\/filler physical joints after their detachment. The present work is the first step towards the implementation of a velcro-likefastener as analternative coupling method between rubber and silica.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6},"corpusid":104311336,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"3022086945","ACL":null,"DOI":null,"PubMedCentral":null,"ArXiv":null},"license":null,"url":null,"status":null}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
+{"text":"Background Undernutrition below two years of age remains a major public health problem in India. We conducted an evaluation of an integrated nutrition and health program that aimed to improve nutritional status of young children by improving breast and complementary feeding practices over that offered by the Government of India's standard nutrition and health care program. Methods In Uttar Pradesh state, through multi-stage cluster random sampling, 81 villages in an intervention district and 84 villages in a comparison district were selected. A cohort of 957 third trimester pregnant women identified during house-to-house surveys was enrolled and, following childbirth, mother-child dyads were followed every three months from birth to 18 months of age. The primary outcomes were improvements in weight-for-age and length-for-age z scores, with improved breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices as intermediate outcomes. Findings Optimal breastfeeding practices were higher among women in intervention than comparison areas, including initiating breastfeeding within one hour of delivery (17.4% vs. 2.7%, p<0.001), feeding colostrum (34.7% vs. 8.4%, p<0.001), avoiding pre-lacteals (19.6% vs. 2.1%, p<0.001) and exclusively breastfeeding up to 6 months (24.1% vs. 15.3%, p = 0.001). However, differences were few and mixed between study arms with respect to complementary feeding practices. The mean weight-for-age z-score was higher at 9 months (-2.1 vs. -2.4, p = 0.0026) and the prevalence of underweight status was lower at 12 months (58.5% vs. 69.3%, p = 0.047) among intervention children. The prevalence of stunting was similar between study arms at all ages. Coefficients to show the differences between the intervention and comparison districts (0.13 cm\/mo) suggested significant faster linear growth among intervention district infants at earlier ages (0\u20135 months). Interpretation Mothers participating in the intervention district were more likely to follow optimal breast, although not complementary feeding practices. The program modestly improved linear growth in earlier age and weight gain in late infancy. Comprehensive nutrition and health interventions are complex; the implementation strategies need careful examination to improve feeding practices and thus impact growth. Trial registration The trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00198835.","meta":{"dup_signals":{"dup_doc_count":6,"dup_dump_count":1,"dup_details":{"curated_sources":1,"2024-18":1,"unknown":4}},"corpusid":3545709,"openaccessinfo":{"externalids":{"MAG":"2756144725","ACL":null,"DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185030","PubMedCentral":"5607187","ArXiv":null},"license":"CCBY","url":"https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article\/file?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0185030&type=printable","status":"GOLD"}},"subset":"s2orc_abstract"}
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