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It strikes me every year that the liturgists who authored the Prayer Book Liturgy for Palm Sunday wanted to discourage long sermons. More than any other service, the message is communicated at the level of the gut, viscerally. Very little interpretation or explanation is required beyond simple participation in the service. A service which leaves us, intentionally, at a moment of great despair, there to linger for a week reflecting on our role in the events that transpired.
And I don't simply mean our role in the liturgy, obviously, but our role in the events that the liturgy and the readings recount. In the Liturgy of the Palms, we stand with those who welcomed Jesus' entry into Jerusalem with loud "Hosannas" and cheers and rejoicing. Standing with them, crying out with them, we're reminded what it feels like to finally have that log awaited desire fulfilled. To see our most hoped for reality come to pass. The Messiah has come! The King who will restore the land to its rightful people. The one who will settle accounts, restore good fortune, put to right injustices and bring people into line with the sword. Hosanna! we cry, connecting with the joy they felt, believing that the day of the Lord they had always envisioned was coming to pass, that the Kingdom they assumed God would establish was being called into being. Finally. after all these years. It's time to celebrate. To lay palm fronds at the feet of the one who comes, of the Messiah we've been waiting for.
But then, something happens, and the Liturgy forces us to confront a sad reality about the great throngs that greeted Jesus at the gates of Jerusalem, and about the great throngs of people who have lived and died on this earth in all the years since. We transition, with the crowd, from shouts of praise and Hossana, to the Passion Gospel where we cry out "Crucify him!" We learn, through participation, that the people who cheered so mightily at Jesus' entry into Jerusalem, cheered just as mightily for his crucifixion when they realized that this was not the Messiah that they wanted or expected. This Jesus. He was not the Messiah that they expected and this kingdom he announced… it was not a kingdom they wanted any part of. And so they turned on him to protect what little they had, to guard the things they loved, the things they loved which they thought were dedicated to God, but for which they would crucify God.
And we're there with them.
We're put there with them by the liturgy, because we're there with them in spirit so often in our day to day lives. Today and throughout Holy Week we're called to examine our relationship with God. To examine what exactly it is we're hoping for, why exactly it is we claim to follow this carpenter from Nazareth. We're called to seek within ourselves any evidence that we have, like the crowd, decided to shout "Hosanna," because we have created a Messiah, a God, in our own image, because we have looked forward to the establishment of a kingdom governed by a law of our making.
We're called to look with fresh eyes at Jesus and the message of his Gospel, and decide again whether it is a message we can handle, whether we're willing to continue the hard work of changing our expectations and casting off our selfishness and prejudices in order to truly welcome the Kingdom that even now is coming more and more into reality.
We're here today, as well, to be reminded of the times when we have said "Crucify him," by our actions. To be reminded of the times we have rejected the truth and message of the Gospel by rejecting what it means for us and for all people. We may never have gone so far as to consciously reject or renounce Christ. We may never have participated in a "de-baptism" ritual, such as have become popular among atheists in England these days. Be that as it may, I would go so far as to say that all of us have at some point done something so out of conformity with what Jesus would have us do that we might as well have shouted those words while he stood in front of that crowd.
Our service today invites us to remember that, at least as much as any of the actions of those actually present in Jerusalem at that time, our sin, our need for redemption, placed Jesus on the cross.
In the words of the old Lutheran Hymn:
Who was the guilty? Who brought this upon Thee?
Alas, my treason, Jesus, hath undone Thee.
'Twas I, Lord, Jesus, I it was denied Thee!
I crucified Thee
Or as a priest friend of mine put it in one of his sermons:
We may well ask ourselves which role we play in this human drama. Do we test God, Jesus, the Spirit in terms of "What is in it for me?" The crowd did. Do we resent the way the Faith accuses us and wish we could silence Jesus, as Judas hoped? Do we run from Jesus and hide behind self-preservation? How ironic it is that the religious leaders and most of the disciples acted from self-interest. The Chief Priests convinced themselves that an unholy murder was justified to safeguard the institution. The disciples perhaps convinced themselves that if the work was to continue, they should protect themselves from arrest and punishment.
Over and over again in the long story of the church, Christian people have acted the roles we encounter today, not just on Palm Sunday… (Fr. Tony Clavier)
The reality is that as humans we are all of us, mixed bags. Traditional Christian Theology has explained this by juxtaposing the reality that we are all made in the image and likeness of God, with the idea of Original Sin, which, though it can been articulated in different ways, basically means that, if God were to become incarnate today, if Jesus were to return, people today would react the same way they did over two thousand years ago. The great philosopher Aristotle famously said that humanity "when perfected is the best of animals; but if […] isolated from law and justice […] worst of all."
What Aristotle believed could only come by law and justice, as Christians, we know can come only through Grace. Living well means saying yes to grace.
Rowan Williams makes the observation in his book Tokens of Trust:
"Only three human individuals are mentioned in the Creed, Jesus, Mary and Pontius Pilate: that is, Jesus; the one who says 'yes' to him; and the one who says 'no' to him. You could say that those three names map out the territory in which we all live. Through our lives, we swing towards one pole or the other, towards a deeper 'yes' or towards a deeper 'no'. And in the middle of it all stands the one who makes sense of it all. Jesus—the one into whose life we must all try to grow, who can work with our 'yes' and can even overcome our 'no'." (p 76)
Palm Sunday with it's liturgy is here to remind us that we all move back and forth on that continuum, that we all say no and we all say yes. The challenge of the Christian life is to say the yes more and more and the no less and less.
As Williams puts it in his book Resurrection: interpreting the Easter Gospel:
The condemning court, the murderous 'city', [i.e. Jerusalem, or more generally the world as opposed to God's will] is indeed judged as resisting the saving will of God; but that does not mean that the will of God ceases to be saving. The rulers and the people are in rebellion; yet they act 'in ignorance' (Acts 3:17; cf. Luke 23:34), and God still waits to be graciously present in 'times of refreshing' (Acts 3:19). And grace is released when the judges turn to their victim and recognize him as their hope and their savior." (p3)
If we are looking for hope in today's bleak retelling of the Passion and death of Christ, it is that when we recognize our complicity in evil, we do not have to stay there. We are not finally condemned. Just because we may find ourselves resisting the saving will of God, that does not mean it is not saving. And that is good news to hang onto as we mark the way of the cross this Holy Week.
Books referenced:


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HTC One (M7 / CDMA)
Info Photos News Forum 100+ Reviews
Phone Scoop Review
Mar 12, 2013 by Rich Brome
The One is HTC's new flagship Android phone for 2013. It has a slick unibody metal design and cutting-edge specs and features. Phone Scoop takes the Sprint version for a spin in this full review. read review ›
User Reviews
Average Ratings
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HTC one
Carrier: Verizon
Received 3 years ago and love it.
Pictures are awesome really comes in handy with my cleaning business.
Better than tablet.
The storage capacity is awesome.
I thought about a Galaxy but I quickly changed my mind because of all the good things this phone offers.
I would like to try the M9 only because it is HTC. Would offer this phone to anyone.
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htc one
best build
best speakers
best screen
good speed
good camera in normal lighting
best in low light
ir blaster
blink feed
overall: probably one of the best phones of 2013 with:
lg g2
iphone 5s
note 3
oppo n1
moto x
nexus 5
and others
Advertisements reviews continues below...
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No complaints here
Carrier: Sprint
I have had this phone for a few weeks now and could not be more impressed. Whatever you throw at it, it just keeps asking for more. Lets start by saying I have had every top tier phone out there. Wife seems to think I have a problem, lol, but hey, I can't help myself. I tell her , at least it's only phones, could be much worse. Build quality, oh my, AMAZING, I find myself picking it up just to hold and look at it. People have complained about gaps and other small issues, my stealth black one is perfect. I had the galaxy s4. Got rid of it the minute I received this one. Display 10, build 10, call quality 10, BOOMSOUND, oh my 10. The battery gets me through a day and change with moderate use. If you are contemplating this piece of aluminum art work, NO worries, you will not be disappointed.
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Carrier: Sprint
Sharp phone but slippery and they have NOT addressed adjusted or fixed the problem of reception with an all metal body...i found that immediately out of the box it not only said the signal from my WiFi (which is exceptional on my other phones) was poor but when i did move to a closer room and started browsing some sites and adding some apps that as soon as i turned the phone from standard to landscape for a wider keyboard, the reception i did pick up by moving to another room was "lost" b/c pressumably my hand covered the ends of the phone. Unbelievable really as i have been waiting for this phone for months and just paid almost $300 ... still like but dissapointed in feature you are expecting to be as good or BETTER than previous phones, which i have had all--test me !!
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Best HTC phone yet
Carrier: Sprint
I have the HTC one in the silver color on Sprint. My first impression of the HTC One was its super sleek, aluminum unibody construction. The fit and finish of this phone is amazing. There is a nice weight to the phone, and the back has a slight curve that makes it fit nicely in the hand. The 4.7â screen is beautiful. BlinkFeed is a nice feature and I like being able to see my topics of interest and social networks all brought together in my home screen.
The Snapdragon 600, quad-core processor really makes this phone snappy. I have downloaded over 50 apps, have a ton of pics and mp3s on my phone, and the phone is still very responsive. Iâve had the phone for a month and havenât experienced any sluggishness.
The UltraPixel camera is great and there is almost no lag when you go to snap a photo. Iâm still experimenting with the Zoe camera feature, but have used the camera in many low light settings and was impressed with how the pictures turned out.
The BoomSound, dual front stereo speakers sound rich and crisp. Iâve watched Netflix at home while running on the treadmill or doing laundry, and have no trouble hearing the sound over background noise.
Call quality on the HTC One has been great. The battery life is pretty good. I charge my phone at night, and with moderate use, my phone lasts until the evening around 8pm without a charge. Overall, this is a great phone and I would recommend it to anyone. The only cons I have are the following: 1) I wish the volume button was a bit more raised. The button is flush with the phone and only has a slight bit of texture to allow you to find it by touch; 2) since Sense 5 doesnât have a menu button, some apps display a large black bar at the bottom of the screen as a menu button. Hopefully a software update allows for the option to allow the home button to serve as a menu button as well. Currently the home button long press activates Google Now, and a double tap brings up the recent apps menu.
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Carrier: Verizon
The pros: Great looking phone. Sound and camera are excellent. Only cons: home page setup and most of all inferior reception in my area summer of Wilsall Montana.
My previous phone was a Mot. Bionic and reception was great with Verizon. Sent back because of the 1 bar and 1x signal.
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Wonderful Phone
Carrier: Sprint
I love this phone. I'm coming from a long line of Samsung Android phones (moment/transform/epic 4g). The only thing I miss is 4g. My old EPIC has WIMAX and Sprint has not yet built out LTE where I live. But it's coming.
I use it for virtually everything: Phone; web; email; text; sync to outlook at work; calendar; stream audio in car via BT; navigation.
The battery lasts all day. I charge it at night and my old phones were always dead. The HTC ONE has about 60% battery left at night when I charge it.
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HTC One Is second to none"
Carrier: Sprint
What amazing phone".There is no other phone currently out there that can compete with the Htc One. Sorry Galaxy S4. Great pictures.Stereo dual front speakers. Decent battery life.You can go to android playstore to download a battery application. Sound quality is great.Great looking display.
Superfast quadcore 1.7 processor .Blinkfeed keeps you informed .Call quality is good.Do yourself a favor.If your shopping to buy a new phone.The Htc is the One.
quadcore processor
Dual front speakers
call quality
No removable sd card
Battery can not be removed
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Great phone
Carrier: Verizon
One of my most favorite phones to date, the only issue I had was the camera and the pink/purple hue in low light shots.
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Carrier: Verizon
This has been a spectacular phone, so good in-fact that I have kept the phone more than a year after contract as it is still a capable phone spite its now over 3 years of age.
The phone has held up great, holds a fair charge lasting me an 8-12 hour day with % to spare, hold on to calls quite well, and has taken some serious abuse and has come out the other side w/o skipping a beat.
My only real complaint is the Camera. it is bad... REAL bad... but I seldom take pictures so it was easy to live with.
It is not puling duty as a media device for my 6 year old and as a backup phone waiting to be reactivated to serve again.
All in all a great phone.

subset: commoncrawl


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A development blog of what Con Kolivas is doing with code at the moment with the emphasis on linux kernel, MuQSS, BFS and -ck.
Friday, 16 September 2011
lrzip on freshmeat
Meanwhile Michael Blumenkrantz has been working on a liblrzip library for lrzip! That means once we finalise the format, you'll be able to compile in lrzip support into your applications, using functions like:
lrzip_compress(void *dest, unsigned long *dest_len, const void *source, unsigned long source_len)
This work is currently in the liblrzip branch on the github tree.
6 comments:
- Anonymous17 September 2011 at 01:19
Thanks CK. Something is off with the installation - it doesn't appear to honor my DESTDIR= switch in the final step. Can you confirm?ReplyDelete
Yep, thanks :(ReplyDelete
Stupid autofoo magic. Oh well guess a .608 is warranted.
Still broken with the newest commit (installs $DESTDIR/$DESTDIR/$sysconfdir/bash_completion.d/lrzip). The following seems to work properly for me:ReplyDelete
completiondir = $(sysconfdir)/bash_completion.d
completion_DATA = bash_completion.d/lrzip
Nice to see you having some time to do some work on lrzip. I was wondering, I read somewhere on this blog that the reason lrzip generally have a worse compression ratio with large files than say 7-zip is because it does some preprocessing on the data. So I was wondering is will there possibly be a way to turn this proprocessing off manually if one would want to, or is lrzip dependant on this?ReplyDelete
No, it actually does better than 7zip now. There is a sweet spot for 7zip where it may be better between say 10 and 100MB, but after that lrzip usually wins on speed and/or size. If you enable the unlimited mode with -U it would be very rare to find anything that 7zip is better at. If you disable the preprocessing then it isn't lrzip any more, it's just lzma...ReplyDelete
About bash completion, please don't remove it from the package. Simply don't install it, but leave it in there so distro package scripts can install it on their own.ReplyDelete


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The IRS has updated its guidance on the rules governing when disclosure of an item or position on a tax return constitutes "adequate disclosure" for purposes of reducing an understatement of income tax or avoiding certain tax return preparer penalties (Rev. Proc. 2010-15). The guidance applies only to the substantial understatement aspect of the accuracy-related penalty under Sec. 6662(d) and the penalty for understatement due to an unreasonable position under Sec. 6694(a). It does not affect other penalty provisions in the Code.
The revenue procedure provides guidance for determining what disclosure on a return (and on which specific returns) is adequate for purposes of Secs. 6662(d) and 6694(a). It updates previous guidance (Rev. Proc. 2008-14) to take into account changes made by the Tax Extenders and Alternative Minimum Tax Relief Act of 2008, P.L. 110-343.
The guidance lists specific forms and schedules for which additional disclosure is not necessary (providing the forms and attachments are completed clearly and in accordance with their instructions). All money amounts entered on the forms must be verifiable on audit.
The new rules are effective for the current filing season; they apply to any income tax return filed for tax years beginning in 2009 and to returns filed on 2009 tax forms for short tax years beginning in 2010.
Sec. 6662(d) provides (for nontaxshelter items) that if the amount of an understatement of tax on a return is more than 10% of the correct amount of tax or $5,000 (whichever is greater), it is a substantial understatement. (Slightly different rules apply to corporations.) The amount of an understatement can be reduced by portions attributable to positions that were adequately disclosed on the return if there is a reasonable basis for the taxpayer's treatment of the item.
Sec. 6694(a) imposes a penalty on a tax return preparer who prepares a return or claim for refund that understates the amount of tax because of an unreasonable position, if the preparer knew or should have known of the position. Except for tax shelter items, a position is unreasonable if there was no substantial authority for it or it was not properly disclosed and there was no reasonable basis for the position. Positions relating to tax shelter items or reportable transactions are treated as unreasonable unless it is reasonable to believe that they more likely than not will be sustained on their merits.


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Join us for the Long Beach Poetry Book Fair brought to you by Sadie Girl Press and Silver Star Laboratory! From 12-5 pm, on Saturday, October 20th, we are taking over the back room at MADE by Millworks. We will be showcasing local authors and small press publishers from Long Beach and beyond, including Arroyo Seco Press, Moon Tide Press, Los Nietos Press, and Everybody Publishing. There will be books and books galore! Meet the publishers and the poets. Buy signed copies from the authors. Listen to poets share some of their work.
Many details to be announced soon, including featured poets and more!
RSVP on Facebook for more details.


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Curtiss, Glenn Hammond
Curtiss, Glenn Hammond, 1878–1930, American inventor and aviation pioneer, b. Hammondsport, N.Y. He was a member of Alexander Graham Bell's Aerial Experiment Association (1907–9). In 1908 he made the first public flights in the United States, and in 1909 he established the first flying school there. His greatest triumph was his then daring and spectacular flight from Albany to New York City in 1910. In 1911, Curtiss invented ailerons, which he attached to his newly developed seaplane. He organized (1916) the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Corp., which built many planes for the Allied nations during World War I. After the war Curtiss continued to contribute radical improvements in the design of both planes and motors.
See biographies by C. C. Roseberry (1972) and C. Studer (1937, repr. 1972); study by S. Shulman (2002).
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2023, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Aviation: Biographies


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Wolf Blitzer delivers the most important breaking news and political, international, and national security stories of the day. Tune to The Situation Room weekdays 5-7pm ET on CNN.
President Obama and other world leaders act to penalize Russia over its annexation of Crimea. CNN's Jim Acosta reports.
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The pointyheads at Sonic Drive-In chose the middle of winter to roll out their new line of frozen treats—the ice-cream-plus-mix-ins concoctions called Master Blasts. At first, I thought the timing was crazy; with much of the nation still stuck in the polar vortex, who's lining up to sit in the front seat of their car and get their mittened hands on a bunch of gussied-up milkshakes?!? Well, this guy, as it turns out. And now that I've tried all six Master Blasts, I'm hoping that Sonic uses from now until summer to refine a few of the flavors... and maybe take one or two out before ice cream season begins in earnest.
First, the good news. Sonic makes a big deal about their use of real ice cream*, distancing themselves from "some competitors" who apparently don't. And you can taste the difference, for sure. The hand-mixed stuff is rich and full-bodied and creamy and encourages you take a nap afterward... all plusses in my book of desserts.
*You can tell because they capitalize "Real Ice Cream" every time it's mentioned in their official press release, kind of like the Way the Founding Fathers would just Capitalize random Letters for no apparent Reason in the Declaration of Independence.
But a glass (or a Styrofoam cup) of Real Ice Cream is just a milkshake; it's the mix-ins that supposedly make it a gourmet innovation. And that's where the Master Blasts either sink or swim.
The Cookie Dough Master Blast (all were $4.89 at my location, with a 70-cent upcharge to make it a large) was far and away my favorite of the bunch. Nothing crazy here, just vanilla ice cream with chunks of chocolate chip cookie dough dotting the whipped cream crown and mixed in throughout. But the cookie dough was soft and chewy, with just the right kind of sugar-gritty texture. There were enough pieces of dough that I never forgot what flavor I was eating, but not so many that they overpowered the ice cream. (Sorry... the Real Ice Cream.) I'll definitely be getting this one again.
The Caramel Brownie Master Blast was pretty darn good, too. Again, a vanilla base, but now it's blended with salted caramel and brownie pieces. I might have enjoyed a few more brownie pieces and think that caramel usually needs to be more pronounced in any dessert it's in, but those minor complaints could be by-products of throwing the kitchen into a tizzy by rolling up and ordering all six of these things at once. They're new enough that I saw more than one employee getting schooled on how to make them during my batch, and maybe a heavier hand was needed with that particular cup. Sonic does say that you can customize your Master Blast when you order, so try requesting "heavy on the brownies and caramel" and see what happens.
The Triple Chocolate Master Blast features those same brownie pieces, plus chocolate syrup and mini chocolate chips swimming in vanilla ice cream. Wait, vanilla ice cream? Yeah, seems Sonic uses only vanilla ice cream in their regular shakes and Blasts, and then turns it strawberry or peanut butter or chocolate or whatever with added flavorings. It didn't really matter, though; all I tasted was chocolate chips. They're such a distinct texture that whenever they hit my mouth, the rest of the flavor instantly goes away and my mind registers the entire thing as "chocolate chip flavored." So if you love chocolate chips, go for it, but true chocoholics looking for an overload might be underwhelmed.
The Turtle Pecan Master Blast suffers from the chocolate chip thing, too. Yes, there are pecan pieces in there. And the salted caramel syrup makes a valiant effort to be interesting (still too subtle, though). But this thing tastes like a Chocolate Chip Master Blast With Nuts to me. Not nearly turtle-y enough.
Sonic really starts to go off the rails for me, though, with their fruit mix-ins. The Banana Split Master Blast is perhaps the prettiest in the lineup, judging from the near-neon pink beauty shot supplied by the company. The reality, though, was dull and barely-rosy, tasting mostly like chocolate chips (again, dammit!**)... only sort of like strawberries... and not at all like bananas.... until I got to a giant chunk of one at the bottom that managed to escape the blender blades. I wouldn't liken this to a classic banana split at all: no nuts, no cherry on top, not enough banana, only one ice cream flavor rather than the vanilla-chocolate-strawberry trifecta, and chocolate chips doing a poor job of standing in for the more standard chocolate syrup.
**Oddly enough, the only variety with chocolate chips to NOT be overpowered by chocolate chips? The chocolate chip-laden Cookie Dough... which you might expect to feature chocolate chips most prominently, since... well... duh.
But if that was a weak interpretation of its namesake dessert, the Pineapple Upside Down Master Blast misses the mark by a country mile. A shame; it was the one I was most intrigued by—pineapple upside down cake just doesn't get around much anymore as a trendy treat or funky flavor.
Here, the noticeable lack of the word cake in the name turned out to be telling; there are pieces of pie crust inexplicably mixed in. A pineapple upside down PIE?!? Did I just miss that one growing up? The crunchy texture was off-putting and distracting to someone who was expecting light and fluffy bites of cake. My brain was actually leading me toward the Nilla Wafers of a classic banana pudding (hey... maybe THAT should be a Master Blast flavor) until I hit the bits of pineapple. And although Sonic says there's salted caramel in there, I couldn't find it. Overall, this one was just weird, a strange mix of flavors and textures (acidic pineapple, crunchy pie crust, salted caramel) that don't really go together in any dessert I know of, and definitely don't call to mind the dessert it's named for.
I applaud Sonic's use of real ice cream, unnecessary caps aside. The base of the Master Blasts did feel like a step up from the sometimes-artificial-tasting Blizzards of the world. But perhaps they need to rethink some of the mix-ins at work with this new supposedly-permanent line. I'm not sure how well they live up to the Master Blast title, or even what makes them markedly more masterful than their six existing Blast flavors (like Snickers, Oreo, and M&M's) or their 25 milkshake varieties, which can get pretty fancy on their own (Coconut Cream Pie, Cherry Cheesecake, Peanut Butter & Bacon, etc.).
Still, high-quality ice cream with tasty ingredients mixed in is a good thing. And once the mercury climbs back above freezing, I'll probably find myself back at Sonic at some point for a Master Blast... Cookie Dough, anyway. (But truth be told, I'm already thinking about "customizing" my way to a Peanut Butter Cookie Dough with Bacon. You're welcome, Sonic... but hold the chocolate chips.)


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Spirent Communications, with headquarters in Sunnyvale, Calif., is a worldwide provider of telecommunications test and measurement solutions.
Spirent's customers deploy this technology in both the laboratory and on real-world networks, with a goal of maximizing the subscriber's quality of experience (QoE) for a number of networking technologies, including broadband, convergence, wireless, and optical.
The company boasts a number of technological "firsts," including test systems for 10G Ethernet, VPNs,voice over IP, the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Galileo satellite emulation, and wireless location based service (LBS).
Spirent claims to have over 1,500 global customers, including network equipment manufacturers Cisco, Intel, Motorola, and Nokia; communications providers AT&T, British Telecom, Siemens, and Sprint; wireless service providers Vodaphone, NTT DoCoMo, China Unicom, and Verizon Wireless, and large enterprises including the Bank of America, Daimler Chrysler, Deutche Bank, eBay, IBM, and MSNBC.
Spirent has 1,900 employees operating in 14 countries, and in 2006 produced revenues of over $533 million.
The company was the recipient of a 2007 Global Product Line Strategy award from consulting heavyweight Frost & Sullivan for the "development of unique and innovative IMS test products that cover various applications—from fixed mobile convergence (F/MC) to access and the transport plane." The research firm ranked Spirent number one in the overall world IMS testing and measurement market in 2007, citing the breadth of the company's technological coverage and product offerings, revenues in the IMS marketplace, and end-user feedback.
Spirent's Abacus product line supports the converged networking marketplace. The Abacus 5000 is a fully integrated IP and PSTN telephony test system in a single platform. The system includes integrated analog, TDM, and Ethernet interfaces for the comprehensive testing of converged IP telephony elements—including support for IP telephony convergence (PSTN-to-VoIP systems) and IMS convergence (fixed to mobile).
With these capabilities, the Abacus 5000 is capable of testing the performance of Session Border Controllers (SBCs), IP PBXs, media gateways, media gateway controllers, signaling gateways, trunking gateways, softswitches, IP phones, servers, firewalls, and integrated access devices (IADs).
This test system is designed to characterize a system before a field trial, validate system scalability, identify capacity limits, measure call performance, and automate regression testing. It supports a wide range of protocols, including analog, fax, ISDN, SS7, SIP, H.323, MGCP and MEGACO, and can generate media payloads that include H.261 and H.263 video, and cellular, and various codec formats, including G.711, G.723.1, G.726 and G.729A/B.
The Abacus 5000 SIP Registrar emulates the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Registrar function, and is designed for testing SBCs, firewalls, and other network security elements. This product accepts REGISTER requests, places REGISTER information into the Location Service for the domain that it handles, and binds contact address or addresses with a SIP user. The system emulates real-world signaling traffic scenarios, with up to 200,000 SIP signaling endpoints and up to 845,000 simultaneous registered SIP users per chassis.
For additional SBC testing, the Abacus 5000 IP Telephony Migration Test System lets network equipment manufacturers and service providers test SBC core functionality during development and deployment. The system simulates real-world network conditions with hundreds of thousands IP telephones and/or gateways, generating the SIP signaling endpoints and Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) streams to execute performance and scalability tests. The system can simulate over 100,000 concurrent RTP streams on a single chassis, and can generate and terminate over 7,500 calls per second with RTP per chassis.
The Abacus 5000 supports synchronized measurements with other specialized Spirent test systems. The Abacus 50 Ethernet-VoIP Analysis and Call Generator test system simulates VoIP calling functionality by originating and terminating calls on a standalone platform that is designed for either laboratory or distributed testing. The Abacus 50 Ethernet can troubleshoot and monitor any channel for verification and analysis—generating and terminating calls—and is available in two versions, one supporting 10/100Base-T Ethernet, and the other supporting 10/100/1000Base-T and fiber systems.
The Abacus 50 Analog test system provides analog circuits emulating the subscriber side of an analog two-wire circuit, and can execute a call setup and teardown for each channel, simulating a wide range of applications associated with switch and network testing. The Abacus 50 T1/E1 simulates TDM call generation for lab and distributed PSTN testing.
Spirent simplifies the testing of converged applications and devices with the fully integrated Abacus 5000 platform to test next generation networks, extending across IMS, Triple Play, and VoIP; with equipment that enables service providers and network equipment manufacturers to test migration from legacy to converged networks.
Further details on the Spirent Communications architecture and products can be found at http://www.spirentcom.com/. Our next tutorial will continue our examination of vendors' network management architectures.
Copyright Acknowledgement: © 2008 DigiNet Corporation ®, All Rights Reserved
Author's Biography
Mark A. Miller, P.E., is President of DigiNet Corporation®, a Denver-based consulting engineering firm. He is the author of many books on networking technologies, including Voice over IP Technologies, and Internet Technologies Handbook, both published by John Wiley & Sons.


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Hi Pointy O/T and FWIW "How the USSR's Fall Unleashed a Neocon Goldrush to the Heartland" https://open.substack.com/pub/simplicius76/p/how-the-ussrs-fall-unleashed-a-neocon?utm_campaign=post&utm_medium=email
The Climate Wars.
If you've ever fought someone much bigger and stronger than you, then you learn some lessons quickly or you perish. If you stand your ground, they'll destroy you, because they're just so much more powerful than you, so you give ground.
You've still got to fight them, so you jab at them as you give ground and go slowly backwards. That's just tactics. Ground means nothing; it's pinning and destroying your enemy in the end that's important. Usually, they're big bastards not used to people smaller than them standing up to them, so they go after you even harder. It's a pride thing. You're going to be made an example of and you know it. They've got pretty much everything in terms of advantages but you've got heart and mind and you want to survive, not win. That is a big difference. If you can just hang on in there, then you can maybe build from that position.
You have to stop thinking of it as a battle but just a part of a bigger campaign. Bullies do battles very well but campaigns very badly. This particular battle you've got no possibility of winning but neither are you going to lose it. The tactical objective is for it to be non-decisive. In strategic terms, you hope to win the campaign by not being exterminated in any particular battle of it. You begin to accept that you are going to have to take some bad beatings but that never means you're giving up. It's going to be a slow, miserable and painful business.
It doesn't matter how many of the opening rounds you lose because you see, by refusing to give up and die, that in itself is a victory. Too many people have already walked away from even fighting the first round; you're on your own and you know it and that's just the way the thing is.
You take the punishment but you watch them and learn about them. That left shoulder drops, prepare for that big right roundhouse. The left foot slides backward a fraction and that left shoulder rises, watch for that big right upper cut, coming all the way up from the basement. The head comes back, expect a straight jab. You learn you can break your fists on their chin because it's made out of granite. They've got big upper body development, so you could hammer away on it all day like it's a side of beef and just tire yourself out.
You learn some stuff about yourself too.
They will land the big hits on you. Some of them will be below the belt but rules like that don't matter to them, because the referee is on their side too. I suppose that's where your heart comes in. They beat the hell out of you in that round and you're on the floor looking up at them and spitting a tooth. It's all a bit fuzzy, you can't see them too well but you can see them crowing over putting you on your ass but they've made a mistake; they didn't kill you. You're still there, still alive and still in the fight and there will be another day and it will be a better one.
You might not have the strength left to get to your feet but you've got enough to rock from side to side until eventually you've got enough momentum to roll over onto your stomach. The next bit is hard; slide those knees up under you. You do that bit and the arms are still good enough to push hard to get you on all fours. By this stage, your arms have taken encouragement from your legs, so they all act together to get you back on your feet, just in time for the next round and a bit more punishment. You're up and although a bit wobbly, ready to rock again.
They are just so strong. What can you do?
I have fought the evil anti-human thing that environmentalism metastasised into for many years. I've seen good people I had a regard for smashed into the ground by it, because in all innocence, they simply couldn't help but voice their honest concerns about the simple accuracy of the science or the logical implications of its policies, both for humanity in general and the most vulnerable people on the planet in particular.
Those people were too civilised and decent to understand what they were dealing with; raw naked brutality, so they were destroyed by it. They lost tenure, they lost jobs and they lost that inner optimism that every true scientist still retains in their silly, secret, heart of hearts, about some innate goodness or at least some basic objectivity that they always believed was at the centre of science. What they could never understand was that scientific integrity was irrelevant, it was always about politics, power and money.
They were casualties of war and shouldn't be forgotten, though they have been. Perhaps in the decades to come, someone will tell their stories. They were good people and deserve that.
You have to find new ways of fighting, because the only way of surviving in that ring with them, is never to get into that ring with them. They're simply too powerful. You're going up against official government policy, every major politician, well-funded activist organisations, the scientific establishment, the big moneymen and every organ of the media.
Fighting them with all your heart just isn't good enough; you've got to fight them with your head as well. You have to become a thinker and a planner, to use what you've learnt about them and utilise what few resources you have, to somehow come up with a strategy to beat them.
It becomes asymmetric warfare, Robert Taber's War of the Flea. When you hit them, it'll never be from the front. It's hit and run and you always come for them from behind or unexpectedly out of left field. They flail about powerfully but you duck and dive and make sure nothing lands. You learn to use their power and momentum against them, goading them to chase you into narrow situations in which you have control for a change and their full might can't be brought to bear. It's strategic JuJitsu. You fight them on your turf and on your terms, never on their's and only when you know you have a winning tactical advantage. As long as you keep resisting them and surviving, they can't win. A long guerilla war of attrition is the only strategy available and you know it'll grind on for years and it did.
The problem the alarmists had, was that there was never anything substantial to hit back at. They had the equivalents of the big guns and the massive air support but there never was a skeptic HQ to be pounded, no big central organisation, no massed ranks of skeptic soldiers or even any third-party backing the resistance. Every one of the skeptics was a lone volunteer guerilla fighter, who needed absolutely no logistical support of any kind to continue the fight indefinitely. The alarmists never understood this, preferring to think that there simply had to be some massive hidden organisation orchestrating the resistance. While they wasted time and effort attacking targets that only existed in their head, each of the guerillas chewed on them mercilessly in their own particular way.
The closest thing they had to a target were the skeptic blogs but these were invulnerable, because they weren't owned or funded by anyone and were run by unpaid volunteers. The best they could do was vilify the bloggers and send occasional waves of trolls to disrupt the debates, which gradually but inexorably tore the heart out of the pseudo-science, which underpinned global warming.
I think the tide finally started to turn about six months before Climategate I and the Copenhagen debacle. Since then, for a number of reasons and following the various "gates", it's all been downhill for the alarmists. I gave my thoughts on why it happened in this piece here but the sheer speed of the movement's implosion has caught everyone by surprise, including me.
When you look at the Fakegate scandal in the light of the history of the war, the reactions of both sides reflects the nature of the combatants it produced. On the day the material was published, the realists knew something concrete straight away while the alarmists fervently hoped they had something concrete. We knew it was suspect whereas they hoped it was true.
We knew it was suspect because we each knew there was no massive hidden organisation controlling and backing our efforts and there never has been either. Given that fact, the forensics began and that's why nothing much happened on the skeptic side in immediate response to the publication. Within a few days, in a collective effort using writing style and IT analysis skills that would have put the best forensic lab in the world to shame, the identity thief had been tracked down and the faked material exposed.
The NY Times, with all its resources, went into print on it using several reporters and didn't once get in touch with the Heartland Institute, not even to get a quote. The DeSmogBlog published within an hour of receipt, again, with absolutely no attempt to verify the material. They abandoned all pretence of journalistic professionalism, because they thought they'd finally found that elusive big target they'd always believed in and hunted so desperately and proceeded to flatten it with all their firepower.
This disparity in the initial reaction is easy to account for. The punishment taken by the skeptics in the early years of the climate wars, had not destroyed them but instead produced a breed of hardy veterans, who dealt in cold realities, rather than hoped for illusions. The real difference between a veteran and an inexperienced soldier, is the former are careful while the latter are fearless.
From any rational viewpoint, Fakegate has turned out to be a disastrous event for the alarmists. When you're patently losing a battle, you withdraw to conserve your forces to fight another day. Amazingly, they would rather battle on into a self-immolating quagmire of expensive litigation than simply admit they were wrong. It shows a childish petulance that plays exactly into the realist's hands, who are clever enough to let them get on with it, needing nothing more than the odd prod to encourage their defiance. At some point in the not too distant future, the realists know the people who own those media outlets and employ those journalists, are going to get fed up of writing libel damage cheques to cover the self-righteous crusading of a few prima donna hacks.
When that happens, the remaining elements of the media supportive of the good ship global warming will jump overboard, leaving nobody but a few crazed political activists and bemused scientists on the burning deck. It was always doomed to end that way.
What should have been no more than a tactical loss, has now been mismanaged into a strategic disaster that continues to get bigger with every passing day.
I used to be able to predict what they'd do but that's become impossible of late. All reason has fled. There's a real feeling of April 1945, Berlin, der Fuhrerbunker and its mad occupants, barking unrealistic orders down phones and moving long ago destroyed units around on maps, as if it really meant something. It's all basically becoming more and more hysterical and irrational.
It's not quite over yet but we've beaten them and will have to be satisfied with that. The bitter pill for me, is that none of them will ever stand in a court of law to answer charges of crimes against humanity for the deaths, starvation and poverty that their policies inflicted on the poor around the world. We must now move to get those policies reversed.
These are good days and we should of course enjoy them. It's round thirteen, there's a few more to go but we're now beating the bejesus out of them for a change.
UPDATE: There are simply too many comments on this article, here and elsewhere, for me to reply to individually. Instead, I try to address the bulk of them here.
Related articles by Pointman:
The Climate Wars revisited or No truce with kings.
Comments118 Responses to "The Climate Wars."
I wish that I could believe that this is the beginning of the end (let alone the end itself)…
but, until the Obamas and the Camerons and the Merkels and Sarkozys of this world actually start changing policy in a large and meaningful way, I can't believe that the big scare will pass.
You're right in one sense: none of them will ever stand trial or face any retribution. The best that we sceptics/realists can hope for is that the damaging effects will be limited.
I'd be satisifed with a resumption in manned space exploration, using the funds that would have gone into the crazy green policies.
Pointman, I hope you're right and we are winning but I'm afraid the Climate Wars will just morph seamlessly into another scare, 'Sustainability' seems favourite. The usual suspects will slide gradually into the new religion without ever recanting.
They will never be forced to admit they were wrong, but we'll know, and they'll know that we know,……that's probably the best we can hope for.
Alas, meltemian, you may be right.
There is a mindset that needs to be corrected. The list of false demons is endless. Currently it might be carbon dioxide, nuclear power, or plastic bags from supermarkets. But we know that the next ones will come from a long list of things that are also merely artefacts of the world we have built. Many advocates of this movement like to pretend that they have some special concern and understanding for the environment that the rest of us don't have. They co-opt science to suit their pre-determined ends, when it suits them.
I've spent much of my life not only studying science but also getting out and actually walking and climbing on the environment. In my experience the activists of environmentalism have a large measure of professed "concern" but precious little else that distinguishes them from the rest of us. What they do have, other than a desire to impose their will on others, is a few decades of experience of getting their own way.
…… "a few decades of getting their own way" …..
You forgot to mention that they have more money than God.
The battlefield is moving, "ocean acidification" is the fall-back position. CO2 is still the bogeyman, still the raison-d'etre for taxation.
Thanks again Pointman for capturing the Zeitgist. I wonder, where to now for the AGW wounded? Like vets, expect nothing.
I thought up an aphorism yesterday:
"There is no such thing as progress – just damage and regrowth."
,Distributed, guerilla, intelligence,
Good work.
I've said similiar things, but not with your eloquence.
As a believer in AGW I've suggested that the right counter tactic is to co opt a few leading guerilla voices. It'll never happen. My side sucks at this
Not working in Australia. They have a Climate Commission that travelled around Australia refusing to take questions from anyone who did not agree. They ran a Commission that refused to allow sceptics a hearing. The government has enacted a carbon tax at $23 per tonne. That is despite the failed Chicago Climate Exchange, the obvious failures of the European Exchange and various other schemes shut down. The sum effect of these exchanges on climate, nil. Effect on economies, catastrophic.
All you can do is to point out to all that will listen the consequences of the Carbon (dioxide) Tax.
Main ones being:
– Australia has the largest, economy wide tax in the world.
– There will be no noticeable impact on the global environment
– Everything made in Australia will cost more due to increased energy costs, transport costs and the resulting inflationary effect
– In fact this tax will act as a negative tarriff where it punishes Australian manufacturers and subsides imports.
– When it gets to full flight, we will not have reduced our emissions, but will be sending billions of dollars off shore to buy permits.
– Manufacturing in Australia will decline (refer Alcoa, Blue Scope)
– Our standard of living will drop as we will have less money – it is being sent off shore
– If we have less money then; (This is where I agree with our host and get really ticked off)
— Less money means less can be donated to charities (salvos, red cross…), less to research groups (cancel council…)We will eat out less, so restaurants, clubs, pubs will have declined patronage. Less disposable income means less DVD, TV sales. Less savings less into Super….
By way of a simple example I have been pushing (simplified);
A holden cruze will increase by say $400 due to the tax. When you go to buy a car you can chose the Cruze or an equivalent imported car. The government has promised to compensate you, so you have the $400 extra – so you can spend the $400 on the cruze, or buy the cheaper imported car and keep the $400 (you will need it for your healthcare). What, in the real world will folk do.
This senario plays across all locally made products – so if you work in Oz manufacturing you are in for a rough ride.
Then (seeing as I am on a roll) the economists tell us that if we are not efficient then the inefficient jobs should go and we should move to things we can do well, like mining and services. So all those people in manufacturing, on the production line are going to work in the mines, or become programmers and bankers……….
You cannot introduce such a large, economy wide Tax, in the current global economic state without there being huge, negative consequences, let alone whether the government has the intellectual capacity to implement it without there being unintended (but obviously forseeable) consequences.
Just to re-iterate. The folk promoting this course of action will be directly responsible for loss of jobs and the reduced financial support many of our voluntary social services receive. This will lead to hardships that the promotors will never have to answer for.
That is very well put.We Australians unfortunately have an incompetent and profligate government right now, one that is using taxes and class warfare to try to balance their budget.
A carbon tax money-go-round will hep them do this.albeit temorarily
The hypocrisy of "saving the environment" is all a hoax,as everyone with half a brain and not a rusted on leftie voter knows the carbon tax will do NOTHING to stall or reduce Australia's CO2 emissions..
I have been concerned that nobody seems to be pointing out details too, such as
…Those who will get compensation will be social security and low income earners.
it will be a set amount or % eg, I think Old Age Pensioners will get an extra $10 per week.
But the elephant in the room is that everyone must pay the going rate for all services and necessary goods,so this 'compensation" is not going to make up the increases when everything we buy will come to us via a chain of manufacture, distribution, transport and retail,with the carbon tax on everybody's production and the added GST on levels of the chain, which I see as a compounding increase down the line.
To me there is no hope the treasury modelling will come within cooeee of the incremental increases in COL
I think the poor will become a good deal poorer.
That jobs will be killed due to companies moving offshore is a given
How can it not occur when we are going to trash our competitive advantage of cheap and available power?
Every single person i know is worried and hates the carbon tax and Labor and Greens politicians for implementing it!
90% of the climate alarmists' broad support always came from people who are in the market for fashionable opinions.
Once 'global warming' activists came to be seen as dull dupes rather than members of some sort of chic 'avant garde', it was all over for global warming activism as a popular movement. The people who clothe themselves in popular opinions will quickly move on the next thing they and their friends can all agree about. As for the hard core devotees, it's a case of 'live by the adulation of casual hangers on, die by the slow withdrawal of same'. Couldn't happen to a more deserving bunch.
Battle lines have been drawn
Steeped in lies, an enemy is born
We can use the eloquence that they lack
The truth our strongest weapon of attack
The cold axe of reality will rip and tear
Hydra headed demons of global fear
With humour, wit and satire
We can ridicule the ever warming matter
To Ross McKitrick and Pointman… Thank you for your well written article. But, I'm sorry to say it is too self congratulatory. This week there was a good political opportunity for the Australian Government to defer the pending Carbon Tax ($23 per ton, due to start in July this year). The Cabinat Minister in charge was able to say on national TV "every single scientific body in every country in the world supports…" [action against CO2]. Until you can get the RS, NAS, AGU,CSIRO,,, to change their tune you are losing your war. Do you think that there is much chance of that?
I think you have it nailed, however the above letter to the editor by the APS in which they clarify that there societies AGW statement does not mean that mans effect on the climate is incontrovertible. (In other words its up for debate)
The problem is that co2 as a greenhouse gas is consistently thrown out as a straw man but the dramatic consequences of 3-10 degrees warming are lumped together. There is no science at all to support the dramatic side of AGW, this being the case there is no reason for any political action at all. Hopefully after more years of no increase in warming cooler heads will prevail.
Great blog post BTW!
"Dare to dream Billy. Dare to Dream"
Mosh, you kill me!
You had me until the Fuhrerbunker reference.
Some of them will, no doubt, stand accused in a court of justice.
Some of them will be convicted of wrongdoing.
Some of them are guilty of nothing more than honestly believing what they were told.
None of them deserves to be accused in a court of law of crimes against humanity. Believing in something is not a crime, advocating for policies that have unintended and indirect consequences, foreseeable or otherwise, is not a crime. Their side has called for the persecution of 'big oil' CEO's and entrepreneurs. Let us not fall into that trap.
No one on their side is advocating for policies with the intention of harming the worlds most indigent and defenseless.
Don't get me wrong, I did like your article, but there are other problems with your analogy;
I don't think the 13th round has yet begun. We might be in the 6th or 7th round of this bout. And it's not David vs. Goliath either, as tempting as that observation may be. We have humility and a desire to discover the truth on our side, they have arrogance and belief on theirs. The odds are not in their favor, no matter how fast and furious they come out of the blocks. The guerrilla warfare example however is accurate. The hidden strength of the guerrilla army is that it is frequently underestimated, and the central command structure is impossible to destroy, therefore it will never surrender. To compare such an army to David is to underestimate it's strength.
Let their side be shipwrecked by the laughter of the gods, even as they take ill-advised shots at our 'big oil conspiracy against science'. Let them engage in legal tactics to thwart FOI requests. Let them wallow in government largess brought to them courtesy of political shamanism masquerading as science. Let them twist, manipulate and redact their data and their models. Let them contort their version of 'truth' to fit their ends.
Meanwhile; let us be content to search for the truth. Let us study what the data has to tell us and discover what makes this rube goldberg device work as it does. As Jack Eddy put it; "Were God to give us, at last, the cable, or patch-cord that links the Sun to the Climate System it would have on the solar end a banana plug, and on the other, where it hooks into the Earth—in ways we don't yet know—a Hydra-like tangle of multiple 24-pin parallel computer connectors. It is surely at this end of the problem where the greatest challenges lie."
We may be guerrilla, but we are not David. I prefer to think of it as a couple of million disciples of Eddy vs. Goliath.
And please refer to the coming solar minimum as the 'Eddy minimum' so that when it comes time to give it a name, it may already have one.
Bob: you say – "Believing in something is not a crime, advocating for policies that have unintended and indirect consequences, foreseeable or otherwise, is not a crime."
I beg to differ.
It really is a crime to obtain money by deception, especially taxpayer dollars from hardworking people just trying to do their best for their families. For 'scientists' to falsify data to obtain multi-million dollar government grants is gross deception for financial advantage. For 'scientists' to conspire to having any dissenting scientific opinion quelled and prevent publication of their papers, their tenure terminated and their professional reputations trashed is, in my opinion, professional misconduct for which there must be some accountability.
As for the many billions of dollars of our nations' wealth to be siphoned off into these nonsensical projects on the basis of outright Fraud, what do you think they might have been spent on instead?
Our crumbling transport infrastructure, no dams built in 50 years to harvest water for times of need, countless thousands unemployed and/or homeless, proper care for the aged and disabled, our Health Systems in chaos because they are starved of funding, massive bloated parasitic bureaucracies built on the basis of AGW fraud, rocketing fuel prices and sky-high energy bills – all to subsidise the folly of "renewable energy" scams.
You suggest there is no criminal intent when it comes to "unintended and indirect consequences, foreseeable or otherwise" – well, you don't have to be a Rhodes Scholar to see that taxpayer funding is a finite resource and for politicians and banksters, 'scientists' and other carpetbaggers who have scrambled aboard the Climate Gravy Train, to divert public funding to their own advantage is unconscionable behaviour for which there must be some accountability.
Even worse when our governments have now plunged us into generational sovereign debt to pay for it since the money ran out.
Proving their 'scientific theory' to be wrong is one thing for our guerrilla army, the next objective must be to hold those culpable thieving conspirators to account.
Thank you for your inspiring articles.
"They are just so strong. What can you do?"
I suggest that we continue to respond to alarmism wherever we see it, by posting replies to it. At least that keeps the warmists busy and they have less time for mischief elsewhere.
The most extreme warmists can't help reading about themselves. Mann and Gleick must spend much of the day reading the sceptic blogs. Let's face it – they have nothing else better to do these days.
Bob Kutz said "I don't think the 13th round has yet begun. We might be in the 6th or 7th round of this bout. And it's not David vs. Goliath either, as tempting as that observation may be."
Maybe Churchill had the right words (he so very often had).
"Now this is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end. But it is, perhaps, the end of the beginning."
Sir Winston Churchill, speech in November 1942, following Axis powers defeat in the second battle of Alamein.
In his extensive memoirs, written after the second world war, he wrote of that victory "Before Alamein we never had a victory. After Alamein, we never had a defeat."
Possibly, just possibly, we may (or could, it's a projection not a forecast, see IPCC ARx) be able to say, looking back to recent events "Before Fakegate we never had a victory. After Fakegate, we never had a defeat."
See my correct use of parentheses there? It proves I'm not Gleick or a troll, so no need for Capcha.
Speaking of Berlin, 1945.
There are hundreds of these Parodies on various Topics, many of them very funny.
Don't let the first word in the title turn you away – the vehicle is a singularly Brilliant piece of acting that lends itself to such things ……..
Very well written and insightful! I appreciate the WUWT heads up. It remains to be seen but it does appear like Gleik's act was one of desparation, their Bulge or Stalingrad or D-Day. There can be little doubt, CO2 will continue to be studied and its role discussed, but I don't think we will return to the full bore alarmism we have endured. Powerful forces still stand on their side, but they are beginning to crumble. How is it Henry V said it? "We few, we happy few! We band of brothers!" Keep movin'
I'll be bookmarking this site and coming back. I like your tactical sense.
A superb post. Good analysis and beatifully written. Thanks.
The science is unequivocally on the side of the skeptics. The planet's feedback response to a change in temperature forcing (any forcing change) is to resist the forcing change (negative feedback) rather than positive (amplify forcing change). The planet's atmosphere resists forcing changes (negative feedback) by an increase or decrease in planetary clouds particularly in the tropics which increases or decreases the amount of sunlight that is reflected into space.
Analysis of top of the atmosphere radiation changes Vs temperature changes clearly indicates that planet's response to a change in forcing is negative. Actual measured warming is significantly less than that predicted by the IPCC. There has been no net warming for the last 10 years.
If the planet's response to a change in forcing is negative (resist changes by increasing or decreasing clouds particularly in the tropics) the amount of warming due to a doubling of CO2 be less than 1C with most of the warming occurring at high latitudes which will cause the biosphere to expand. The warming due to atmospheric CO2 increases is positive, it will cause the biosphere to expand.
Carbon dioxide is not a poison. Plants eat CO2. Plant yield increases and growing times decrease when atmospheric CO2 is increased. Commercial greenhouses inject CO2 into the greenhouse to increase yield and decrease growing times. A doubling of atmospheric CO2 will result in an increase in cereal crop yields of roughly 30% to 40%.
When atmospheric CO2 increases plants reduce the number of stomata on their leaves which reduces the amount of water they lose to evaporation. When the atmospheric CO2 increases plants can make more effective use of water. (Another benefit due to increasing atmospheric CO2 levels.)
Carbon dioxide is one of the essential ingredients in green plant growth and is a primary environmental factor in greenhouses. CO2 enrichment at 2, 3 or four times natural concentration will cause plants to grow faster and improve plant will quality.
Carbon dioxide is an odorless gas and a minor constituent in the air we breathe. It comprises only .03% [ 300 parts per million, or PPM] of the atmosphere, but is virtually important to all life on this planet!
Greenhouse Gas Might Green Up The Desert; Weizmann Institute Study Suggests That Rising Carbon Dioxide Levels Might Cause Forests To Spread Into Dry Environments
The green shoots of recovery are showing up on satellite images of regions including the Sahel, a semi-desert zone bordering the Sahara to the south that stretches some 2,400 miles (3,860 kilometers). Images taken between 1982 and 2002 revealed extensive regreening throughout the Sahel, according to a new study in the journal Biogeosciences.
Thanks Pointman even if I tend to agree with the comparison to el Alamein. Well, my part is probably close to Intelligence – nearly all of which was done of course behind the scenes, but led to such things as the "heroes of Telemark" who took out the heavy-water plant at Rjukan, and no doubt a great deal more if I were to inform myself of the now-available details.
Two more heroes inspire me. Both became, in time, great kings.
One is David. Not just against Goliath, but subsequently. Few people realize that Saul became so jealous of him that for several years was on the run and in hiding, even though he'd been anointed king… that's what the Psalms are about, and that's why they ricochet from despair to hope all the time.
The other inspiration is our king Alfred rightly called the Great. He too was in hiding and on the run. I still choke in the throat when I recall his astounding story. He is my inspiration for the wiki I am still preparing behind the scenes (anyone interested in helping, please email me). He knew it was necessary to rebuild strategically. It was not enough to ambush
W M CGuthrum the Dane, not enough to babysit warmistsGuthrum through conversion to true scienceChristianity. It was necessary to rebuild, strategically. Our UK counties originate from this time. Each county established a fortified county town from which no part in the shire was more than a day's ride distant.
Great essay – I like the various comparisons to fighting, because we tend to forget that sadly science has been utilised as an instrument of political warfare by the big climate bullies.
The comparison to asymmetrical warfare is especially apt: we sceptics didn't buy into the 'settled' AGW meme because we're fascinated by science, we love learning from new papers which show again and again how observations made 'in the wild' do not support the clever models whose 'projections' look more and more like phantasy as time goes by.
These are the little stings, comparable to the run-and-hide tactics, which will inflict more and more damage on the big bullies.
I don't know if we've had our Alamein yet. I think right now we're like climbers roped together, climbing a highly difficult rock face. we can't afford to look down or up quite yet – we must concentrate on finding the next hand grip, the next ledge where to put our feet, so that we can climb on. No celebrations yet – they can wait for the time when we finally stand on the peak.
Time for Occam's razor. Once everybody gets their heads round the cocept that surface tension blocks heat the whole silly mess qickly unravels. The warmists say that heat from co2 heats the surface of the ocean increasing evaporation and adding to greenhouse gases. Not on this planet the ocean rejects heat due surface tension. No Venus event, no way
Blackswan; go back and read what I said again; some of them will be tried for their scientific fraud.
But you cannot charge these people with crimes against humanity because the money was spent on majic beans instead of infratstructure. Our governement, chosen by the people, set the spening priorities.
To charge them with 'crimes against humanity', as the author suggests, is directly akin to their (warmists) calls for persecutions against the CEO's of Exxon and BP. It is wrong.
If they've commited fraud (which I believe quite a few of them have) charge them with that crime and have a trial.
To pitch the nefarious charge of 'crimes against humanity' is wrong and sets a terrible precedent for what constitutes such a crime. Promulgating for environmental legislation, no matter how misguided or self-interested it may be, is not akin to opening up death camps or commiting genocide.
Stop making the argument that it is. It is not helpful.
Bob, I agree with you.
If I was a Sydney motorist on a 2 hour commute stuck in grid-locked traffic because the transport system had collapsed due to lack of funding, that would definitely not constitute a crime against humanity.
As I nervously look at the fuel gauge wondering if I my petrol will last me the week or we have enough money to pay the electricity bill or feed the family at the supermarket because a Carbon Dioxide Tax is driving us to the wall – true, that's not exactly a crime against humanity.
Yep, we have a government who introduced the tax, but they lied at the election and swore they'd never bring it in. "There will be NO carbon tax under a government I lead" said our duplicitous Prime Minister.
But what if I was a peasant farmer in Baotou, China?
My once-fertile fields have disappeared beneath a lake of toxic sludge, my wife and two of my children have died, my neighbours are sick and cannot work. We are hungry. This refining of rare earth minerals for solar panels and wind turbines for mysterious foreigners in far countries is killing my beloved country and my people.
I have no opportunity to elect my government who makes these decisions.
What if I was a subsistence farmer in Africa working to grow cash crops for the West with barely enough to feed my family? Fields that once grew food for our people is now taken away and made into bio-fuel for foreigners. Why? What does it mean? The price of grain has become so high we cannot afford very much and I can't afford to send my children to school because they must work in the fields with me.
Maybe I'm a housewife in Cairo or Haiti and the price of grain for our bread is so high I cannot feed my children who are thin with bloated bellies. I have to fight in the streets to make sure I don't go home empty-handed.
THAT is a crime against humanity Bob. Think about it. Like ripples on a pond, the madness of Gangrene Policies has affected millions of people around the world in ways you couldn't imagine.
And all the while the Fat cats and carpetbaggers line their pockets – at OUR expense.
By the way Bob, there's a little 'Reply' button at the bottom of this comment. Feel free to use it.
"The problem the alarmists had, was that there was never anything substantial to hit back at." Projection is a key component of the progressive mindset: they always assume the other guy is just like them. Since they have huge government funding and green institutions on their side, the other guys must have giant fossil fuel industries on their side. So they attempt to expose the evil underpinnings of the bad guys, only to find Goliath is fighting David. Wonder how they will act now that they have proven to themselves that their worldview was all wrong?
Michael, it seems likely to me they will resort to a new meme: vast secret donor network. To disagree with progressivism is to be evil in their book. I was in a conversation with what I thought were some tolerant progressives while we discussed a totally unrelated topic: Palestine and Israel. They were in total agreement with me on Palestine's right to exist until I said Israel has a right to exist too. I went from being smart and rational to being an ignorant fundamentalist pig-dog fascist (one guy's exact phrase) in the span of 2 sentences.
I see the "false set of books" meme showing up in comments now because they claim HI's budget in those stolen documents was too small for the stuff they accomplish.
"Wonder how they will act now that they have proven to themselves that their worldview was all wrong?"
No different. Not for a nanosecond will they admit to themselves that their worldview is faulty. I see all the time. The spin & churn & tell themselves that it's because the Evil Conservatives control the media, or are better at "framing,", etc. ad naus. It never enters their heads that the reason they keep losing in the court of public opinion is because they are just plain wrong.
Occupying the moral high ground is just about their sole raison d'etre and they will protect it at all costs.
metastasised »»» metamorphosed?
Thought provoking essay. It's still a mystery to me how we were all fast asleep during the years while the whole thing took root and became the greatest mass delusion of all time.
"….the people who own those media outlets and employ those journalists, are going to get fed up of writing libel damage cheques to cover the self-righteous crusading of a few prima donna hacks."
Any news of the Tallbloke vs. Bin Laden case?
This is not exactly a science war — it is more of a religious war. Religions usually don't disappear quickly — and religious wars sometimes last for centuries. Facts and reason mean little when compared to faith and "the cause". The AGW zealots may slowly fall from political power but they will continue their quest until there is an unequivocal sign from the "temperature god" — such as a mini- or new ice age. Even should the latter occur, don't expect many zealots to fall on their swords.
Excellent analogy !!! I think this battle is more akin to the Religious Wars of Europe. We have to recognize that many Warmista do not plan to keep prisoners- they espouse the "Magdeburg Quarter". Michael Mann is the exemplar
Great summary of how we got to where we are today and that we are approaching the end-game. They needed to get a significant proportion of the public to believe in their lies for the scam to work and, as market research shows, they have clearly failed.
The people behind the CAGW scam will now start to move more into asset protection mode. watch for a change of emphasis from the MSM, a quiet shuffle to the UN leadership and withdrawal of funding from climate change research and green energy tech companies. As for politicians, they will be the ones left to carry the can. They are, however, extendible as it is easy to find another bunch of greedy useful fools ready to use for the next push for global control.
We all need to be vigilant to nip their future attempts at manipulation in the bud.
If they ever get their way and achieve even 25 % "clean, green and sustainable" energy the result will be so chaotic that the population will rise up against it.
They simply can't win anyway because what they propose is ludicrous and strangely unsustainable – just like the whole theory.
plants are a distinct CO2 sink as they eat CO2 this is the case independent from the photosynthesis complexes and proteins they have (many plants grow faster with more CO2 but that is another issue)
Humankind should start modest terra farming by fertilising some of that 90% of the oceans that are sterile , always were as they lay outside currents that carry iron dust. Iron fertilisation (Australia is full of red dust) will cause algae to grow , plankton to eat algae , fish to eat plankton..
All would reduce CO2
Unfortunately the higher priority is to enrich UK estate lords by planting futile windmills
there are many points of reconciliation possible with people who care about pollution and indeed exhausting the planet.
However the many climate fascists , all nested in the cosy corners of society from where they are used to preach at us, prefer wimmills.
r&d in nuclear carries no thrust with the climate fascists although eg Thorium, LENR are promising. Many ideas no money there. The little money is for a few institutes where the red ticks have infiltrated and do what they are good at: nothing productive, nothing transparent, nothing competitive.
Ocean farming is another
Climate observation is important as is a risk calculation of other things that are coming to humanity: Volcanoes, Comet impacts and super novae.
Super novae are the killing thing: if one happens too close by, 200 lightyears or less, all life is gone, and there have been periods when there was one every 20years in our milky way.
There hasn't been one since 1600, but they do occur at exhaustion of stars so they are all due.
Great piece, Pointman, Not sure I agree they're beat yet, cause this whole damn thing has been so crazy and long, who knows where the end is. Or whether, as someone commented, it'll just morph into a new scare. They seem to be acting crazier by the day — desperation? All I know, we need to keep the shield wall strong and keep hacking away. Til it breaks open somewhere. There'll probably be bad days ahead. But it will break. Maybe it has already.
I'm going to blog on this Pointman. Well done, mate!
Hi Pointman,
Stand tall and more power to your elbow, takes time and commitment to observe and comprehend the issue.
Then how to translate the data in a way that gains the attention of the many? For that we need people with talent.
We appreciate your talent, keep up the good work!
From an old DT commenter
PS, its cold outside, I will throw a troll or two on the fire for you!
Red alert! Lol. Red alert! The replacement for climate change has been announced: ocean acidity highest level in 300 million years. The sequel to Climate Wars: Ocean acidity is killing the world. Entirely man made, well except for those cows and their flatulence, you know the villains, you know the mantras. Urgent! We may already be too late to save the earth but if we close all industry down, stop all fertilizing, reduce human population, redistribute all the corporate wealth. It just might work. Send all your money to: Green U! Our motto is "Chicks will dig our porsches!" Their website addy is http://we wontquittilwehaveitall.org. (please recognize I am having a little fun here, but also know they are printing articles about it and a few came out this weekend)
Climate change is only a part of Agenda 21. Agenda 21 works through local councils with green funding. That is why the greens get elected and stuff up everything else in the shire. Remember, the council in Sydney that thought that banning and protesting a chocolate shop was their business because the propietor was Jewish. All part of Agenda 21, where the communists and ratbags in the UN dictate policy from 6 star hotels in New York.
I'd like to share your optimism, but today (Mar 3) we heard on Quirks and Quarks (CBC Radio 1) Dr. Richard Peltier of U of Toronto talking about climate "deniers" and the infallibility (my word) of climate models. He was just awarded the Herzberg Gold Medal ("Canada's highest award for science") and $1 million in funding for further research. He struck me as an unreconstituted warmist alarmist. As long as people like him are around and given air time and publicity (as is Q&Q every week), and as long as they are allowed unfettered use of the words "climate science" to mean what they want it to mean, it will be difficult to get climate facts through to the general public.
The program can be heard at: http://www.cbc.ca/video/news/audioplayer.html?clipid=2204890679
Excellent article, wonderfully written. I have to agree, though, with the pessimists here, because pessimism is in my blood. The Virginia state judiciary has just concocted a bizarre defence for Michael Mann; I am not sure that the University of Virginia had even suggested that as a defence. When judges rack their brains to find an excuse to defend the indefensible, it's premature to declare victory.
"The referee is on their side too."
You were right to say it and it is still true. We have to create a climate in which judges no longer dare to endorse lies, in defiance of obvious truth and, above all, where governments which crawl to the "environmentalist" NGOs get crushed by the voters, who have to live with the real-world consequences of the greenie fantasies.
Wow, great essay! I'm punctuation-compulsive, but the writing was good enough to allow me to overlook the errors that might have been grating in a lesser missive. Thank you for giving me brief respite from that curse, and for a thoughtful and inspiring read.
Metaphorically speaking P, 'I feel your words', your prose eloquent, provoking and all at once.
The great thing about your writing, a wordsmith you are, if I may say so – it provides so much food for thought and isn't that the art of polemic?
Yes, indeed we face the 'bigger battalions' but ranged against them, righteous foes, with keener more questioning and probing minds.
It's dirty work in the Skirmishers, greatly do we need our strategists.
Well said old friend.
Great piece again P
But, as some other comments have said I think Round13 is bit optimistic, we still have to keep at them.
Masterful job Pointman.
Raisng ma' glass
Sound thinking and excellent writing, Mr Pointman; count me as another fan of yours. Found my way here by way of Anthony Watt's WUWT, where a quote from this piece was featured. I already read through this and another article and plan to go through your other stuff.
Your line that "the referee is on their side" needs to be inscribed in stone, lest we delude complacent asses and expect fairness or (snicker) mercy. With the gazillions that are behind the Warmista scam, with the careers and reputations riding on it, I suspect that no matter what they do…including murder in broad daylight in the middle of a crowded stadium in front of tv cameras…they will always be exonorated. Just watch, by next year The Heartland Institute saga will see Martyr Peter Gleick beatified to sainthood and Heartland fighting lawsuits and harrassment. In any case, it's clear to all that this Internet thingie Gore invented is the source of their sorrows, and will be next on their target list…oh, wait…that's already happening in Australia! Dang.
Your article really needs to be posted in national papers around the world. I'm sending it to the National Post here in Canada where I live. People in your respective countries please do the same and to your local federal politician!
Y'know, hafta say, this all sounds good. But they have the UN, the nations, academia and the media (in no particular order). So, I wouldn't go start selling GE stock……
Then again, who'd have foretold the USSR falling when it did…….
Once they lose us and our consent (which can be withdrawn at any time, not just at elections, which is something the EU is already starting to discover), they have nothing at all.
There are only three fundamental forms of Government (Democracy, Aristocracy, and Monarchy/Dictatorship), all of which, unrestrained, inevitably destroy themselves due to their unavoidable, self destructive flaws (which is why a balanced Republic embodying all three, properly restrained, with each having no power, but all having their place secured by and subservient to the Rule of Law, is the only thing that works. "If the Law makes the King, then the King is subject to the Law").
Even systems of despotic and tyrannical oppression, such as the USSR, can not avoid the inevitable end, they can only delay it. That brilliant mind Hadrian, understood this all too clearly, and knew the Roman Empire could not survive, because it was unsustainable, and the unsustainable will end. So he embarked on a project to artificially extend its life (building walls on the boundaries, and settling experienced, retired soldiers, in farms close to those boundaries, for example). Unfortunately, this 'can kicking' probably made the final blow-up of Rome far bigger than necessary, and we got the Dark Ages as a result. Rome might have survived a natural contraction and renewal in its proper time, otherwise.
The USSR did unfortunately well to delay the inevitable, for three score years and ten.
Question,,,,,If you had all the Empirical Scientific Evidence supporting AGW in one hand, and a cube of Sugar in the other hand, and you clapped, what would you have ?
Answer…….Sweet Fanny Adams, Sweet FA or Sweet Nothings…take your pick.
Excellent writing clearly setting out excellent reasoning. As a Chemical Engineer, I studied Transport Phenomena and process modelling in college, and have been trying to point out the obvious manipulation and deliberate ignoring of "inconvenient" data on the various feedbacks in the unsettled science of Catastrophic climate change…your work is among the clearest describing the psychology and politics of the catastrophists…
I'll be back for more of your blog.
How the **** is anyone with poor eyesight meant to be able to read this? Tiny typeface (ok, I can enlarge it, but…), but worse, it is on pale grey on a white background. There's a reason books are printed in BLACK and white – it's so we can READ them.
Anyway, Dellers linked to you, so I shall copy and paste what I suspect is an excellent article into Word doc, bigulate it and make the typeface BLACK so that my 60 year old eyes can read it – bit wouldn't it have been great if I could just have read it here, instead of having to twaddle about as above?
Even though I couldn't read it here (!), this article is spot on. I was a default believer (scientists wouldn't lie, would they? Would they?) until the language of the Monbiots of this world started to worry me – why so crazy, why so angry with those who – simply – beg to differ. Stumbling across the sceptic blogs, and seeing the fantastic work done by Steve McIntyre moved me to scepticism, made full blown by the Hockey Stick & CG1.
I've lost an old friend as a result of this. He would spout the "97%" mantras, get angry whenever I pointed out that reality and AGW were separating at the speed light. Finally he was insufferably rude to me, so I ended our 10 years or so of friendship.
The truth hurts those who deny it. Tip of the hat to the bloggers who to all intents and purposes have holed the Bad Ship AGW under the waterline.
Great article.
Great article Pointman. To my shame, although I have read your articles from time to time, you were not on my daily RSS feed.
Now duly corrected.
Keep blogging sir!
Unfortunately it's far too early to celebrate. They still wield all the powerful weapons while all we have is a murmur of a voice slowly but steadily rising in volume. We still have no real weapons to smash their insane policies, and as an Australian I can guarantee that they are insane. We need a political force, a fierce target that they thought Heartland was. Guerilla warfare is unsustaniable in the very long term and they've had decades to entrench their positions. Already there are moves to shut down what little voice we have. Keep fighting the good fight my friend, and I hope we can reach everyone before we are set on the road to ruin.
Very nicely put Pointman. I echo your gratitude above to Anthony Watts too. Many thanks Anthony, keep up the good work.
"In a time of universal deceit, telling the truth is a revolutionary act."
George Orwell
The truth is eternal victor, that cannot be defeated, other than temporarily.
The biggest problem the warmists have, is their playbook, which is strict, unalterably rigid beyond sanity, and which cannot survive the truth.
What people perhaps are not aware of, is how widely, and in so many areas of our lives, this very same playbook is used.
But once you have seen it exposed in the light of day, in its full shabby, disgraceful, insane horror, you will recognise it wherever and whenever you come across it after.
I have come across it in far too much that emanates from the United Nations. Also in other areas.
This is indeed the end of the beginning, rather than the beginning of the end, and we have a long ways to go yet, before we see the end of these anti-human forces.
This is why I personally am now spending as much time as I can, helping to ensure that a victory itself isn't turned against humanity (make no mistake, there is expertise in the wings waiting for precisely this opportunity to exploit, by those that rush to the front of the public procession), and explaining sane options that work, that our ancestors strove so hard for so long, to establish.
Insanity always ends, but it doesn't always end well.
Keep on, keeping on.
Good blog Pointman…..But you are in danger of over-stretching and loosing balance. There is more to this yet.
I suspect with your eloquence, that your blog may well join WUWT in the top ranks.
Based on T S Eliot, The Hollow Men (1925)
The Hidden Men (2012)
The Truth – he gone
Sing a song of sixpence
They are the hidden men
They are the shallow men
Whispering together
Mouth full of straw-men. Alas!
Those dread screams, when
They're conspicuous together
Models wrong and meaningless
As floods in dry droughts
Or fat cats' fees for broken graphs
In our wet hell here
Lies without reason, green without colour,
Parasitic farce, genocide without emotion;
Those who are crass
With dark phobic lies, a snake in the kingdom
Remember them – if at all – as lost
Variable sold, but only
As the hidden men
The shallow men.
Lies dealt in mares shared as dreams
Within the dark snake's kingdom
They ever do appear:
There the lies are
Sunlight dismissed in a broken column
There, a single tree swinging
And virtually are
Of the heated singing
More often and more common
Than a falling star
Let them be no nearer
To the dream of death's own kingdom
Let them also tear
Asunder loose disguises
Tarts' skirts, dunces' cap, cross staves
In a field
Misbehaving with wind breaks
No Nearer –
Now the focal meeting
In the tedium continuum
This is the drought land
This is peyote land
Then the stolen images
Are forged, here they receive
The intimidation of a dead man's feet
Over the terror of a failing star
It is like this
The green death's kingdom
Walking alone
On the day that we are
Transfixed with truthfulness
Lisps between wooden kisses
Forum players no broken bones
The lies are all there
There are no eyes there
In the hidden cabal of hot stars
The broken jaw of the new religion
In this first of thinking places
They grope together
And avoid free speech
Garnered under the banner of a humid river
Soulless, unless
The ayes reappear
Within perception starts
Multifarious risen
On faith's dread religion
The hope only
Of hidden men.
Four and twenty black facts, buried in a lie
When the stick was broken
Then the birds began to fly
And wasn't that a dirty line to sing.
Between the bad idea
And the banal reality
Between the notion
And the facts
Fails in shadow
For thine is the religious
Between the contraception
And the abortion
between the commotion
And the lame response
Flails the shadow
Evil is very wrong
Thence the desire
And into the spasm
Beyond pure potency
And the exactness
Between the model essence
and the vile descent
Falls the shadow
For thine is the religiosity
For thine is
Lies is
Forthright is the
This is the way the scam ends
This is the way the hoax ends
This is the way their world ends
Not with a hot bang but a whimper.
As I look through the different sites advocating AGW alarmism I see quite a similarity to the "flat earthers." The flat earthers have come up with a very detailed alternate reality theory. It is actually quite impressive although I imagine that it is just some kind of hobby of logical discussion. The people on the site are quite clever and very skilled at logical reasoning. Flat earth fails, of course, but the average person might have a pretty hard time proving it on their forum.
Like AGW, they start with a theory and then create a complete set of rules and explanations that fit our perceptions into their reality just like the AGW models do. The flat earthers actually have a much better explanation of gravity than we do. Their theory is that the earth is a cylinder, and all that we know is the top of the cylinder. The cylinder is accelerating upwards continually at 9.8 m/s^2. That is why we feel gravity. Like Skeptical Science, they have "debunked" each individual criticism of their theory. Each individual explanation is very logically crafted to match our perceptions and their theory. So, if it weren't so obviously clear that the earth is not flat, one might be persuaded by their logic.
I think that is why Skeptical Science doesn't spend much time proving AGW, but rather "debunking" the "deniers."
The flat earthers, however, are more willing to actually debate their theory and don't just sensor the opposition the way Skeptical Science does. The flat earthers, I think, are in it for the debate, not the ultimate "belief," so they aren't threatened by the "deniers" the way SkS is. The flat earthers welcome opposition so that they can challenge their wit.
It is because their entire theory is wrapped up as follows:
1. We are experiencing unusual warming.
2. Models created by AGW believers show that the warming is due to CO2.
3. We have no other explanation for the recent warming.
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