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- Associate Professor and Head of the Department
- P. Marino
The Degree of Master of Science is offered in Biology and Marine Biology to full-time and part-time students. Students interested in animal behaviour should also consult the section in the Calendar describing the Master of Science in Cognitive and Behavioural Ecology program. In addition, a Master of Science Degree is offered in Aquaculture. See appropriate sections of this Calendar.
The program of a candidate shall be the responsibility of a Supervisory Committee composed of the Supervisor and at least two other appropriate members recommended to the Dean by the Head (or delegate) of the Department with the concurrence of the Supervisor.
The Supervisory Committee shall interview the student normally within a month of first registration, to discuss the student's program and to explore any areas of weakness in the candidate's biological knowledge, especially where these relate to the intended areas of research.
A student will be required to take a minimum of 6 credit hours and Biology 7000 (Graduate Core Seminar).
It is the function of a Supervisory Committee to have regular meetings, at least annually, with its graduate student. A meeting report, signed by all members of the Supervisory Committee and student, must be given to the Department. A copy will be sent to the graduate student and to the Dean of Graduate Studies.
The candidate will present a tentative outline of the proposed research to the Supervisory Committee, with a copy to the Department by the end of the second semester, and preferably prior to commencement of the research.
The student will present a research seminar to the Department, normally by the end of the second semester following admission, to describe the research topic being investigated and the methodologies to be employed. This seminar provides an opportunity for the student to receive constructive input from the broad biological community.
The candidate must present a thesis seminar of 30-40 minutes duration to the Department prior to submission of the thesis to the School of Graduate Studies. The candidate will be questioned by a panel approved by the Departmental Graduate Studies Committee, in consultation with the student's Supervisory Committee. All others in attendance will be invited to question the candidate before adjournment. Deficiencies noted at this stage should be carefully considered by the student and the Supervisory Committee prior to submission of the thesis for final examination.
Under exceptional circumstances, this requirement may be waived by the Head of the Department (or delegate).
Each Master's candidate shall spend at least one semester in residence as a full-time student within the Department during the program. It is recommended that this semester be at the beginning of the program.
Under exceptional circumstances, this requirement may be waived by the Head of the Department (or delegate).
If candidates, in the opinion of the Supervisor, Committee and Department, are not making satisfactory progress, they will be required to withdraw from the program.
Theses shall conform to Theses and Reports of the General Regulations of the School of Graduate Studies and to the regulations in the Departmental Guidelines.
A program of study leading to a Degree of Master of Science with a specialization in Marine Biology is governed by the above regulations.
Students will be required to take Biology 7000 (Graduate Core Seminar) and an additional 12 credit hours. These 12 credit hours must include Biological Oceanography 7531, and at least two of 6710, 7535, 7540, 7541, 7551, 7560, and 7561. The remaining credit hours may be selected from any other Biology graduate courses or relevant graduate courses in other Departments.
A selection of the following graduate courses will be offered to meet the requirements of candidates, as far as the resources of the Department will allow:
- 6000 Research Topics in Microbiology
- 6100 Modern Problems in Botany
- 6110 Advanced Phycology
- 6120 Mycology
- 6350 Behavioural Ontogeny (Cross-listed as Psychology 6350)
- 6351 Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology (Cross-listed as Psychology 6351)
- 6355 Field Course in Animal Behaviour (Cross-listed as Psychology 6355)
- 6400 Parasitic Protozoology
- 6410 Helminthology
- 6420 Parasitic Arthropods
- 6590 Molecular Biology I (Cross-listed as Biochemistry 6590 and Medicine 6590) Prerequisites: Biology 4241, Biochemistry 4100 (or equivalent)
- 6591 Molecular Biology II (Cross-listed as Biochemistry 6591 and Medicine 6591) Prerequisites: Biology 4241, Biochemistry 4100 (or equivalent)
- 6592 Bacterial Genetics (Cross-listed as Biochemistry 6592) Prerequisite: Biology 4241 or Biochemistry 4100 (or equivalent)
- 6593 Selected Readings in Molecular Biology (Cross-listed as Biochemistry 6593) Prerequisites or Co-requisites: Biology 6590, 6591/Biochemistry 6590, 6591/Medicine 6590, 6591 (or equivalent)
- 6700 Biology of the Molluscs
- 6710 Marine Benthic Biology
- 6900 Entomology
- 6910 Applied Entomology
- 7000 Graduate Core Seminar
- 7101 Topics in Marine Biology
- 7110 Cellular Physiology and Cytology
- 7140 Physiology of Parasitism
- 7201 Topics in Cellular and Molecular Biology and Physiology
- 7210 Arctic and Subarctic Biology
- 7220 Quantitative Methods in Biology
- 7250 Topics in Wildlife Biology
- 7270 Ecology of Newfoundland
- 7300 Ornithology
- 7301 Topics in Ecology and Conservation Biology
- 7520 Advances in Fish Biology
- 7530 The Molecular Basis of Development
- 7531 Biological Oceanography
- 7535 Research Methods in Marine Science
- 7540 Plankton Dynamics
- 7541 Physiological Ecology of Phytoplankton
- 7550 Fishery Biology
- 7551 Fisheries Resource Management
- 7560 Physiology of Marine Invertebrates
- 7561 Physiology of Marine Vertebrates
- 7570 Marine Benthic Biology
- 7600 Effect of Organic and Inorganic Pollutants on Biological Systems
- 7910 Community and Ecosystem Ecology
- 7920-7940 Special Topics in Biology


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There's a restaurant near my house that serves a thin sauce with their steaks that tastes almost like a spicy, savory butterscotch sauce. The chef won't tell me anything about what's in his secret sauce.
Has anyone else had a savory dish that includes butterscotch flavors? And does anyone know what ingredients and/or techniques can be used to develop these flavors?

subset: commoncrawl


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An exploration of pizza in and around Rochester, NY, one pizzeria at a time
Thursday, August 27, 2009
Carmine's Express, Elmgrove Road - CLOSED
Carmine's Express. which is not to be confused with Carmine's Family Restaurant, is at the corner of Elmgrove and Lyell in Gates.
I was disappointed to find out that a slice here meant a rectangular slice out of a sheet pizza, rather than a slice cut out of a circular pie. I like to think that a slice is representative of what I would get if I ordered a whole pie, and a round pie and a sheet pizza are two different things.
Well, no matter. Let's just consider this a "Sicilian" slice.
The first thing I noticed about this slice is how light it was. I often find sheet pizza to be thick, heavy, and greasy, but this had a surprisingly light and airy texture. The lightly browned underside had a delicate crunchiness and a slightly toasty flavor.
The sauce had a slightly herbal flavor, but mostly stayed in the background. The melted cheese was almost liquid in consistency, and quite stringy. In its pale, just-melted state, it was reminiscent of Little Louie's in Spencerport, which, coincidentally, was also a sheet pizza.
One thing I don't like about getting a square piece is that if if was cut from the middle of the pizza, it won't have an exterior edge, which is where the character of the dough comes through best. Had I known this was going to be a square slice, I would've asked for an "outside" or even a corner slice. All I can say about this dough is that had just a bit of crunch on the outside and doughy, but light-textured interior.
If you're ordering a pie, Carmine's Express does make round pizza, in 10, 14 and 16" diameters. They have a relatively modest list of available toppings. They also do wings, hot and cold subs, burgers and other grilled items, salads, several sides including homemade soup and chili, pasta dinners, Friday fish fry, and the "kitchen sink," which is Carmine's version of the garbage plate.
There are a few chairs at Carmine's, but as the "Express" implies, it's pretty much a takeout and delivery place. Delivery, by the way, is free.
At some point I will probably go back for a pie and see how that is. As for my square slice, it was OK, but not great. I don't have any particular complaints, but nothing about it stood out as especially praiseworthy either. As I said, it was reminiscent of Little Louie's, but I think I have to give a slight edge to the latter for a little more "oomph" to the crust and a good balance among the components. So Carmine's Express comes in just a notch lower, with a C.
Carmine's Express, 3872 Lyell Rd. (corner of Elmgrove). 247-7575
Sun. - Thu. 11 a.m. - 10 p.m., Fri. & Sat. 11 a.m. - 11 p.m.
4 comments:
yes indeed pudgies pizza is great.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousAugust 20, 2011 at 7:32 PM
I know this is an old post...but Pudgies is the best I've ever had...but is not the reason I came to this page. I just tried Carmine's Express in gates for the 1st time and was very dissapointed. I had a large cheese pizza, sweet and sour wings, and bottle of pop delivered for me and the kids. It came about 10 minutes later than they claimed it would, but that was no big deal in my mind. When it came, it was missing the extra blue cheese I had paid for...and the reciept which I had specifically requested. Had I tasted the blue cheese prior to calling and letting them know it was missing, I wouldn't have bothered asking for it. It didn't resemble blue cheese at all. I realize one brand can be quite different from another, but this just tasted like ranch dressing that had sat out of the fridge a little too long. When they returned with the 2nd "blue cheese" and the reciept, I discovered it wasnt even my reciept! I mean it wasnt even for the same amount as what they charged me! The reciept was about $2 less than what I actually paid. Since I also thought the pizza had very little taste to it, I see no reason to ever go there again.ReplyDelete
It's funny, but that little container of blue cheese you get with your wings is an entire subject unto itself. Some are like blue-cheese flavored mayonnaise - no good, in my opinion. I like a tangy sauce with chunks of real blue cheese.ReplyDelete
- AnonymousNovember 17, 2011 at 8:53 PM
Though there is very little good pizza in Rochester, I think this is noteworthy in how truly awful it is. when it arrived, it smelled very strongly of hotdogs (the only topping on it was pepperoni). Upon tasting it, we felt it tasted like almost nothing but the crust had a stale taste and horrible texture. I've had MUCH better frozen pizza.ReplyDelete


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This article is more than 1 year old
Apple won't let Commodore onto its baby
Ruling bodes badly for Spectrum
Apple has rejected a licensed Commodore 64 emulator application for the iPhone, citing its own rules that forbid virtual environments - something aimed more at Java developers than nostalgic gamers.
Publisher Manomio thought it was on to a good thing; cashing in on all those iPhone users still desperate to hear the congratulatory speech at the end of Impossible Mission, but despite apparently having the vocal support of Apple Europe, the completed application fell foul of the iTunes rules and won't be available.
The iPhone application rules are pretty clear on the subject of virtual environments, preventing anything that might download and execute code sourced from somewhere other than the Cupertino-controlled repository that is iTunes:
"An Application may not itself install or launch other executable code by any means, including without limitation through the use of a plug-in architecture, calling other frameworks, other APIs or otherwise. No interpreted code may be downloaded and used in an Application except for code that is interpreted and run by Apple's Published APIs and built-in interpreter(s)."
Which is why iPhone users don't see Java, Flash or anything else that might confuse them into looking elsewhere - including Commodore 64 games. ®


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by Ashley Kerns, Florida State University School of Theatre
Gaylen Phillips first hit the boards of a stage growing up in Jacksonville, Florida. "I did my first play when I was ten years old, and I haven't stopped since," says Phillips, as she prepared for her role as Jeannette Burmeister in the Florida State University School of Theatre's performance of The Full Monty.
Phillips' theatre career brought her to Florida State more than twenty years ago when she received her PhD from the School of Theatre. "I didn't do any performing when I was getting my doctorate because I didn't have time. Working on my PhD was the hardest thing I have ever done." Through the years, however, Phillips has hit the FSU stage periodically to take in the energy of the student-driven environment. "I have performed several times at FSU, including Pippin and The Fifth of July. This is tremendous training for these kids. It is a special program with really high standards, which I think is evident when people from the community support it so much. They know that you're going to get a good production."
Phillips' involvement in the world of the arts extends far beyond her roles on stage. She serves as the Associate Director of Arts Resources and Services for the Division of Cultural Affairs at the Florida Department of State, where she fosters the arts in Florida through grant, information, and education programs. "I never imagined that I'd end up in a government arts job but it is exciting. Over the years I've come to see the necessity of government funding for the arts. At the state level one of our main goals is to provide equal access to the arts. From whenever you're born to whenever you die, we're all over the place. The arts are involved in so much that we do that we don't even think about it," Phillips says with a smile. Her work at the Department of State has helped lead to arts exposure for millions of people through the years, specifically to students in grades k-12. Since opening in 1979, the State Touring Program (Florida Arts on Tour), which Phillips heads, has served over 4 million people.
When asked about the greatest challenge facing the arts today, Phillips cleverly notes that the economy isn't necessarily the only roadblock, but that people feeling like the arts aren't accessible to them is something that needs to be addressed. "Of course financing is a big thing but that is so obvious. It is interesting to get people to stop and think about how the arts impact their daily lives. I think if they did that they would not feel excluded. People say to me 'well I don't have anything to do with the arts' and I say to them, "do you sing in your church choir? Do you knit afghans, do you do embroidery? Do you drive a car? Someone had to design that car. There are all sorts of things that impact us. It's broad, it is everywhere and I think that message is a hard one to convey. It's not just about going to the theatre, although you really need to and you should, it is about everything."
That enthusiasm for the presence of art everywhere is what brings Phillips back to FSU to share her joy with students. "These kids are just so wonderful and wild, I love listening to them. When I have the opportunity to come back to FSU and perform, it is just a dream. Everybody knows and does what they are supposed to do. It is the closest to a professional theatre and it is an amazing opportunity for these kids. Everybody is held to a high standard – these kids know it and it is a marvelous training ground for them. I wish them all luck." Phillips says that part of what FSU (and all arts exposure) provides is the opportunity to become part of the larger world, "We cannot create kids that are so narrowly educated that then they become narrowly engaged in society as they grow up. You need to be a whole person; you need to be happy and healthy, you need to be able to contribute to society." Nobody lives that philosophy as enthusiastically as Phillips. If all the world's a stage then the many parts that she plays come together seamlessly, shining a very bright spotlight on all that the arts can do.


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President Barack Obama and his administration have close relationships with leading pro-abortion organizations, so it is no surprise that he defended taxpayer funding of the Planned Parenthood abortion business during a speech at a pro-abortion group's dinner banquet Wednesday night.
Obama addressed more than 2,000 activists at the National Women's Law Center Annual Awards Dinner, where he bashed congressional Republicans for their efforts to deny federal funding to the Planned Parenthood abortion business, which does more abortions than any other organization in the United States:
"Instead of figuring out how to put more Americans back to work, they've been trying to figure out how to take away preventive care that is covered under the Affordable Care Act.
Instead of making life easier for women in this country, they want to let insurance companies go back to charging higher prices just because you're a woman.
Instead of working to boost our economy, they're out there spending time trying to defund Planned Parenthood and prevent millions of women from getting basic health care that they desperately need — pap smears and breast exams."
Last month, the House approved legislation, the Protect Life Act, to stop abortion funding in Obamacare. Senate Democrats are not expected to approve the bill. Members voted 251-172 for the pro-life legislation, with 236 Republicans and 15 Democrats supporting the bill and 170 Democrats and two Republicans voting against it.
H.R. 358, Protect Life Act, makes it clear that no funds authorized or appropriated by the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), including tax credits and cost-sharing reductions, may be used to pay for abortion or abortion coverage. It specifies that individual people or state or local governments must purchase a separate elective abortion rider or insurance coverage that includes elective abortion but only as long as that is done with private funds and not monies authorized by Obamacare.
In February, the House voted overwhelmingly to scrap funding for the Planned Parenthood abortion business and ensure it can't receive any federal funds through any departments or programs. House members approved the Pence amendment on a 240-185 vote with 10 Democrats joining most Republicans to support de-funding the abortion business. Another 7 Republicans sided with almost all of the pro-abortion Democrats in the lower chamber in voting for the pro-abortion organization to receive taxpayer funds.
The Senate eventually rejected, on a 44-56 vote, the House-approved long-term budget bill that contains the Pence Amendment de-funding the Planned Parenthood abortion business.


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Spaghetti alla carbonara is already one of the simplest dishes around. Made with nothing but cured pork, spaghetti, eggs, cheese, and a ton of black pepper, its beauty lies in nailing the technique so that you end up with a smooth, creamy sauce, as opposed to scrambled eggs. Using carbonara as the starting point, this recipe adds in a bit of crispy kale to round out the meal, all with nothing more than a skillet and a bowl.
Before you get all huffy and puffy about this not being a traditional carbonara, let me just say it outright: this is not your traditional Italian carbonara.
A typical carbonara recipe will probably have you cook the bacon/cured meat of choice while the pasta is cooking and then, after draining the pasta, add the egg and cheese mixture to the pan and stir with vigor, then add the bacon bits. But we're going to abandon the norm and forge our own path, using just one pot. Ready?
"cook the pasta in the same skillet (this means even more bacon flavor infused into your pasta), using just enough chicken broth to soften up the pasta and leave behind a thickened, starchy liquid that makes a perfect base for the egg sauce."
Start by cooking the bacon in the pan until the fat renders and it crisps. Then add sliced shallots and kale, which soak up some of the flavorful bacon fat, and also get a little crisp. After transferring that mixture to a bowl, cook the pasta in the same skillet (this means even more bacon flavor infused into your pasta), using just enough chicken broth to soften up the pasta and leave behind a thickened, starchy liquid that makes a perfect base for the egg sauce. Meanwhile, add the eggs and cheese to the kale mixture to get it ready to add back to the pasta at the end.
When the pasta is al dente, take it off the heat and, with confidence and ease (eggs can smell fear), add the egg mixture to the pan and vigorously stir so that the eggs envelop and thicken the pasta. Stir actively and don't overheat the pasta—it's best to do this off-heat and rely on the residual heat of the pan and the pasta—all it requires is a clear mind and some dedication. Just think of the Friday Night Lights motto: Clear Eyes, Full Heart, Can't Lose. You can do it!
The result is a creamy, delicious, one-pot dish that's perfect for a weeknight dinner (or even better for a hangover breakfast). The technique may get shunned by traditionalists, but in this case, the proof is in the pasta.


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An adenoidectomy is an operation to remove the adenoids.
What are adenoids?
Adenoids are small lumps of tissue at the back of the nose, above the roof of the mouth. You cannot see a person's adenoids by looking in their mouth.
Adenoids are part of the immune system, which helps fight infection and protects the body from bacteria and viruses.
Adenoids are bigger when you are a child. They then start to shrink, and usually disappear by the time you are an adult.
When adenoids need to be removed
A child's adenoids can sometimes become swollen or enlarged. This can happen after a bacterial or viral infection, or after a substance triggers an allergic reaction.
In most cases, swollen adenoids only cause mild discomfort and treatment is not needed. However, for some children, it can cause severe discomfort and interfere with their daily life.
Adenoids may need to be removed if your child has:
- breathing problems – your child may have difficulty breathing through their nose and may have to breathe through their mouth instead, which can cause problems such as cracked lips and a dry mouth
- difficulty sleeping – your child may start to snore and in severe cases, some children have irregular breathing during sleep and become very sleepy during the day (sleep apnoea)
- recurrent or persistent problems with the ears, such as middle ear infections (otitis media) or glue ear (where the middle ear becomes filled with fluid)
- recurrent or persistent sinusitis leading to symptoms such as a constantly runny nose, facial pain and nasal-sounding speech
Adults do not often need an adenoidectomy. Their adenoids have usually shrunk so they are not likely to cause problems.
How an adenoidectomy is done
The adenoids can be removed during an adenoidectomy.
The operation is usually done by an ear, nose and throat (ENT) surgeon and takes around 30 minutes. Afterwards, your child will need to stay in the recovery ward for up to an hour until the anaesthetic has worn off.
Adenoidectomies are sometimes day cases if they're done in the morning, in which case your child may be able to go home on the same day. However, if the procedure is done in the afternoon, your child may need to stay in hospital overnight.
Before the operation
Tell your ENT surgeon if your child has had a cold or sore throat in the week before the operation.
If your child has a high temperature and cough, the operation may have to be postponed for a few weeks to ensure they've fully recovered and to reduce their risk of developing complications as a result of the surgery.
The procedure
An adenoidectomy is done under general anaesthetic, so your child will be asleep during the operation and will not feel any pain.
The adenoids are removed through the mouth. Heat is used to stop any bleeding.
Removal of the tonsils
If your child has large tonsils, or has had severe or frequent bouts of tonsillitis, the doctor may suggest removing the tonsils and adenoids at the same time. This is called an adenotonsillectomy.
Removing the adenoids and tonsils at the same time reduces the chance of complications. However, adenoidectomies, tonsillectomies and adenotonsillectomies are quick and straightforward procedures with few complications.
An adenoidectomy is a very safe operation and complications are rare. However, as with any type of surgery, there is still a chance of complications.
There's a small chance of:
- bleeding
- a tooth being knocked or chipped during the operation
- infection – your child may be given antibiotics to help prevent this
- a reaction to the anaesthetic
When to seek medical advice
Contact your GP immediately or go to your nearest A&E if your child has the following symptoms shortly after surgery:
- bright red bleeding from their mouth
- blood in their sick, or black or brown sick
- very high temperature, or they feel hot or shivery
- a lot of pain that does not get better when they take painkillers
- not drinking any fluids
It's normal to have a sore throat after an adenoidectomy. Your child will usually be given painkillers while in hospital to help ease discomfort.
Your child may also feel groggy and sleepy after having an anaesthetic. After the operation, they'll be checked for several hours to make sure they're recovering normally. Once the doctor is satisfied, you'll be able to take your child home.
Minor problems during recovery
After an adenoidectomy, some children have some minor health problems. However, most of these are temporary and rarely require further treatment. They can include:
- sore throat
- earache
- stiff jaw
- blocked nose or nasal discharge
- bad breath
- a change in voice (your child may sound like they're speaking through their nose)
- finding it hard to swallow
- finding it hard to brush their teeth
Most of these symptoms will pass within a few weeks. Contact your GP if your child is still affected after a few weeks.
Pain relief
Your child may need painkillers for a few days after the operation.
Over-the-counter painkillers, such as paracetamol, are usually suitable. Younger children may find it easier to take liquid or soluble paracetamol, particularly if they have a sore throat.
Always make sure you follow the dosage instructions on the packet, and never give aspirin to a child who's under the age of 16.
Eating and drinking
Your child should start eating normally as soon as possible.
Giving your child a dose of painkillers about an hour or so before they eat may make swallowing food easier.
It's also important for them to drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration.
Returning to school
Your child will need to rest for several days after an adenoidectomy and should be kept off school for about 10 days. This is to reduce their risk of getting an infection.
The area will take a while to heal.
Keep your child away from people with coughs or colds, and from smoky environments.


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Hashing algorithms—mathematical functions that produce a short "fingerprint" from pieces of data—are one of the cornerstones of computer security. These fingerprints, named hashes, are used in password systems, in the public key infrastructure (PKI) that makes online shopping relatively safe, and in many file distribution systems. In each case, the hash is used because of an important property that hash algorithms all have: they are one-way functions.
Given a hash, there's no practical way of determining what the input was or of generating an input that hashes to the same value. For example, a system's password database will usually contain only hashes of users' passwords. Even if hackers manage to read the password database, they cannot log on to the system because there is no way to determine the password from the hashes in the database.
One widespread hash algorithm is Message-Digest algorithm 5, or MD5. MD5 was developed in the early 1990s and, due to its use in a variety of Internet specifications, is commonly used whenever a hash function is needed. As with any other algorithm with security implications, MD5 has been studied by security researchers ever since its release.
What the researchers are looking for is a way to generate collisions, that is, different files that have the same hash value. The best attack on a hash algorithm would allow an attacker to generate a file with a specific hash without any constraints on the content of the generated file.
Such an attack has not been found for MD5; however, this is not the only kind of attack that exists. In 2004, an attack was discovered/devised that allowed someone to create two files with the same MD5 hash. These files would have to be identical, except for one portion of 128 contiguous bytes. These bytes would be allowed to differ.
Although cryptography experts were troubled by this result, it did not lead to the wholesale abandonment of MD5. Many felt that the practical applications of such an attack would be so limited as to render the findings relatively unimportant; in other words, it was a theoretical curiosity but not a practical flaw of the algorithm.
This attack was then extended in 2007 to allow collisions to be generated with much greater freedom, in an attack called the "chosen prefix attack." The 2007 attack allows attackers to take two arbitrary files (the "chosen prefixes") and then generate suffixes for those files that will cause the total (each file with its respective suffix) to have the same MD5 hash.
If the original 128 byte attack did not cause wholesale rejection of MD5 then perhaps this one should have. However, its reception was similar to that of the 2004 work: interesting theory, but not a practical vulnerability. It allowed some neat tricks—such as fake predictions of the winner of the 2008 US Presidential Election—but didn't jeopardize any of the systems that depended on MD5 for their security.
Now, a paper presented at the 25th Chaos Communication Congress security conference in Berlin this week should finally put paid to the dismissal of the flaws as "theoretical."
One of the systems that can use use MD5 is PKI. PKI is the system that allows computers and people to prove their identity to computer systems. The most visible use of PKI is the certificates used by secure websites to prove that a secure connection to https://amazon.com/ is indeed connecting to Amazon's computers, and not those of some ne'er-do-well hacker. It does this by establishing a hierarchy of trust.
At the root, the most trusted level, are the Certificate Authorities (CAs), companies like Verisign and Thawte. The CAs are supposed to then issue certificates only to people and organizations that have proven their identities. When this has been done to the CA's satisfaction, the CA issues a certificate, a small file that says, for example, "this server is operated by Amazon, according to Verisign."
Each certificate references the certificate of the group that issued it, and some certificates ("Intermediate CA" certificates) can be used to create new certificates, allowing a multi-level hierarchy of trust to be established. The CA's certificates are issued by the CAs themselves, and these certificates are typically pre-loaded into web browsers and operating systems so that any certificates issued by them are automatically trusted.
The importance of these certificates to online commerce is immense. Without them, although securing connections against passive eavesdroppers is easy (just use encryption), there would be no way of ensuring that one was in fact communicating with the site one thought one was communicating with.
Encryption alone cannot prevent "man-in-the-middle" attacks; these are attacks where the malicious party actively intercepts and decrypts the traffic between client and server. The client believes it is creating a secure connection to the remote server, but in fact is making a connection only to the man in the middle, who in turn makes a secure connection to the server. The man in the middle can then eavesdrop at his leisure, passing traffic between client and server as he sees fit.
PKI prevents this attack. Although the man in the middle can intercept the traffic, he cannot recreate the proof of identity that the legitimate server has; this means that the client computer can reject the connection, safeguarding credit card details and passwords.
The certificates themselves are typically requested online. The person wanting a certificate creates a Certificate Signing Request, which contains information about their identity, the kind of certificate they would like, the domain name they are requesting a certificate for, and some cryptographic data, then sends this to the CA. The CA validates the identity information and then cryptographically signs the CSR, producing a certificate.
It's here that MD5 comes into play; cryptographic signing of an object is performed by first hashing that object, and then encrypting the hash. One of the hashing algorithms that can be used for the hashing step is MD5. It is this feature that was exploited by the security researchers.
From theory into practice
Essentially, the researchers required two chosen prefixes. The first prefix was that of a legitimate CSR for a domain that the researchers genuinely owned. The second prefix was a CSR for an Intermediate CA. This kind of CSR should not normally be signed by the root CA, because Intermediate CAs can be used to issue certificates to anyone, and those certificates would be trusted because they could be referenced back to a trusted root.
To each of these CSRs was appended a computed suffix ensuring that the MD5 hashes were identical. The legitimate CSR was then sent to the CA, which duly signed it and issued the certificate. The legitimate CSR in the issued certificate was then replaced with the Intermediate CA CSR.
This didn't violate the integrity of the certificate (because the CSRs hashed to the same value), which meant that the researchers had created a fully functional, trusted Intermediate CA certificate, capable of creating whatever certificates the researchers wanted. In so doing they showed once and for all that the theoretical attack had practical value; chosen prefixes are enough to undermine systems built using MD5.
They could take that Intermediate CA certificate and issue certificates for (say) amazon.com and use them to sit as a man in the middle. The traditional problem with being a man in the middle—that you cannot provide the proof of identity that the legitimate server can provide—disappears. The amazon.com certificate will be trusted by the client browser and hence will not raise any alarm bells.
The actual process of creating the bogus Intermediate CA certificate was a little more complex, as the root CA adds a small amount of extra information to the CSR before signing it. However, the researchers found a root CA that added highly predictable information to the CSR; this meant they had to generate a few hundred suffixes (to accommodate the few hundred possible pieces of information that the CA could add, and hence the few hundred chosen plaintexts), but this was not a significant difficulty; they used custom software running on a cluster of 200 PS3s in a day or two.
So, using MD5 in certificates is well and truly broken, and theoretical flaws can have practical repercussions. Although most CAs no longer use MD5 in their certificates (preferring stronger hash algorithms such as SHA-1), the researchers found that many certificates in-use do use MD5; just under a third of the certificates they looked at used MD5 signatures. The vast majority of these were created by one CA, RapidSSL, which happens to be the same CA that the researchers used to generate their bogus certificate.
The CAs that the researchers spoke to indicated that they would soon cease using MD5 for their certificates, thereby closing this particular vulnerability. CAs should also ensure that the extra information they add to the CSR is not readily predictable, which would both provide some protection against this attack and might also prevent future, as-yet-unknown attacks.
For their part, the researchers are not detailing certain improvements they made to the suffix generation process until they believe it will be safe to do.
While recommendations for the CAs are clear, what this means for the general public is harder to say. The major browser vendors have been informed of the issue; thus far none has committed to any particular course of action. The most heavy-handed route would be to remove the root CA for the vendors that have been issuing MD5 certificates. This would neuter any bogus certificates from these CAs, but would also break any legitimate certificates.
It's impossible to know if such an attack has been perpetrated for real, and if it hasn't, this would be a hugely disruptive change for no real gain. Even if browser vendors do not remove the CA certificates in question, end-users can stop trusting the root CA certificates if they choose and if they are willing to tolerate the inconvenience this will cause.
The Extended Validation certificates that cause green or gold address bars in many browsers are also immune to this problem, as EV certificates prohibit the use of MD5. Simply looking for a padlock icon is no longer enough to be sure that communication with the remote server is truly secure.
Looking to the future, one lesson that will hopefully be learned is that the security industry should not be so cavalier with "theoretical" attacks. More traditional computer security flaws such as buffer overflows are already generally treated as exploitable unless proven otherwise, and patched accordingly; in light of this pessimistic viewpoint, the dismissal of cryptography findings as merely theoretical is perhaps a little surprising.
That is not to say that there are not such findings; many cryptographic attacks serve only to reduce the time taken to break encryption from trillions to hundreds of billions of years and so are not especially significant, but out-of-hand dismissal without proper evaluation is clearly a dangerous course of action.


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(CNN) - New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg said his latest push to keep tobacco products out of sight is an attempt to de-glamorize the appeal of the product for kids and teenagers.
"Smoking is going to kill these kids," he said Monday on CNN's "The Lead" in an interview with Chief Washington Correspondent Jake Tapper. "It's going to leave them with not the great career prospects that you'd like, not the education that you'd like."
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The mayor said they're trying to dissuade customers from viewing cigarettes as "normal."
"Cigarettes are not a normal product," he added. "They're a product that kills the people that use it. And there are very few products like that."
Bloomberg announced the public health initiative earlier Monday, a week after a New York judge invalidated the city's ban on sugary drinks in containers larger than 16 ounces.
The new tobacco legislation is made up of two bills: One that would require retailers to keep tobacco products hidden in stores, another would increase penalties for retailers who sell tobacco without a license or fail to pay tobacco taxes. It would also prohibit the sale of discounted tobacco products.
The three-term mayor said Monday the new bills are designed to continue New York City's record in reducing smoking.
"After New York City banned smoking, which we got a lot of grief about, I will say, I got a lot of one-fingered waves, as I would describe them, when I marched by bars on St. Patrick's Day, for example," he said. "Today, you march by a bar on St. Patrick's Day and everybody seems to love you."
New York City passed the Smoke Free Air Act in 1988, when smoking was banned in public restrooms and taxicabs. The law was amended in 2002, when smoking in indoor areas, including restaurants and bars, was banned. Additionally, in 2011, Bloomberg signed a bill banning smoking in many public places, including New York City's parks and public beaches.
Bloomberg has become known among critics as a nanny-state politician for his drives against certain products, including the oversized sugary drinks and plastic foam containers.
Asked if he's concerned that the backlash could ultimately hurt his cause, Bloomberg said "anything but the beverage companies can see that there's a train coming at them down the tunnel."
"It's not the light at the end of the tunnel," he added.
Talking about the drinks, Bloomberg said all the city is trying to do is "educate people."
"If you want to buy 32 ounces, you can do it, you just have to take it back to your seat in two 16 ounce cups. And if you want 64, you've got to take it back in - in four 16 ounce cups," he said. "But hopefully, that will remind you that it's probably not the best thing for you."
- CNN's Marina Carver contributed to this report.
Governments (state and national) have been capitalizing on the taxes from tobacco sales for a long period of time now and if tobacco is finally outlawed or everyone quits the use of it because of cost and health concerns...where will the income be collected from next?
I wonder what choices Mr. Bloomberg will make for New Yorkers next. Everyone has the government they deserve.
A rich billionaire telling everyone how they should live like he's their father and he knows better because he has so much money, disgusting.
tobacco is bad for you but this guy is turning into the fun policy. if I want a supersize drink, why does this guy think he makes the laws..our forefathers would kick this guy out of the free masons...just sayin'
They may kill,but they bring ALOT of revenue to the city!! So........
Have I lost my mind? Most New Yorkers I know are good common sense people who don't like being pushed around by anyone much less a politician. Is this what happens when personal wealth is used to gain power. You are allowed to harass, ban, litigate and legislate what ever you find even remotely offensive out of existence? Would you New Yorkers please put Bloomberg out of office next go around, before his social engineering spreads like a virus? Please!
LOL, I remember a time when New Yorkers were looked at as tough. The new New York is a state full of pansy liberals who are nothing short of nerdy. You have a nanny telling you that where you can smoke, where you can place your cigarettes in a store, what to drink, what to eat, etc. New York should have a va gi na on their flag. What a gay pansy state. Soon, it will be mandatory that every New Yorker wear socks with sandals, black framed glasses, and carry a sippy cup full of wheat grass.
Bloomburg needs to cut this nonsense.
I hate smoking, I find it to be a disgusting habit... but he is overstepping his boundaries with this big brother routine.
Thus spoke the Emperor further impinging your right so pursue happiness.
As a former smoker and drinker, I agree with Mayor Bloomberg with his initiative on preventive public health measures that need to be expanded throughout the land. I'd even go further with restricting all sales of tobacco not with children present at the time of purchase or in the presence of children. It should be a crime to involve someone in your wreckless health habits especially not children. i live in the heart land and its obese, uneducated, smelly and not much invexstment in the well being of U.S citizens at all especially not public health.


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King Kong's monstrous motivations aren't the same as Dracula's — one wants a castle made of bananas, the other a swimming pool full of hemoglobin — but, on a psychological level, their motivations differ too. Here's Chris Braak's monster taxonomy.
All this talk about evil got me thinking about monsters. I'm going to eventually have to write more about evil - I still don't like it, either as a qualifier or as a story-telling element, but I think this must be a personal preference, and resolution will require substantial introspection. In the meantime, I'm going to take an old theory I worked on in college, dust it off, and pretend like I thought of it just now. It's about monsters, and the different kinds that there are.
This is not, by the way, monsters in real life: Hitler or serial killers or Jeff Holland, or whatever. This is monsters in the arts.
So, let's talk about monsters. For the sake of this discussion, I'm using the following definition for "monster" - ahem:
An autonomous entity, distinguished by a substantially increased willingness and capacity to inflict harm on the protagonist(s).
I think that covers about everything. From this perspective, I can see basically three different kinds of monsters. The first is the Id-Monster - this is an entity that, by virtue of its will to fulfill its most basic desires, must necessarily cause harm to the protagonist(s). The xenomorph is an Id-Monster. The bear in any movie about someone being chased by a bear. Moby-Dick is an Id-Monster.
Monsters like this are the kinds of things that we usually forgive by saying, "it's just doing what comes naturally to it," which may be true, but obviously has certain built-in limits. Yes, the xenomorph slaughtering the shit out of everything it sees is just doing what comes naturally to it; that doesn't mean you shouldn't kill it. The hallmark of the Id-Monster is usually that it isn't conscious of the harm that it's inflicting - it's either coincidentally unaware, or else just lacks the machinery capable of recognizing that what it's doing is harmful, or even of the concept of harm.
This is distinguished from the second grade of monster, what I'll call (for the sake of consistency) the Ego-Monster. This is an entity capable of recognizing the concept of harm, recognizing that it is inflicting harm, but has no particular interest in avoiding it. In a way, it's impossible to recognize the Ego-Monster as being anything but explicitly sadist, because the Ego-Monster has no purpose except itself; it serves its vanity, and commits harm to do so, because committing harm serves that vanity.
For the Ego-Monster to commit harm, harm must be the intended end, because the Ego-monster does not commit acts except those that are, or lead directly to, intended ends.
Hannibal Lecter is kind of a good example of the Ego-Monster; he behave according entire to his own inscrutable personal laws that have little reference to ordinary social mores and are do not evaluate "harm" as being undesirable. It's what the doctor means when they describe him as being "pure sociopath" - he's not an animal, that doesn't understand that he's harming something. He is a madman that literally doesn't care.
The third kind of monster I'll call the Superego-Monster. The Superego-Monster imagines that it serves a higher purpose, and that the harm it inflicts is to the good. This is the kind of monster that can recognize harm as being undesirable, distasteful, even troubling to his conscience, but he chooses to do it anyway, because of what he is driven towards. This goal is necessarily not concomitant with the human social good (or the protagonist's social good) - the discrepancy between this driving goal and the present good that is its result is a rough analogue for how monstrous we conceive the character to be.
This one's a little rarer and trickier to find an example of; I settled on using the guy from Se7en. He actually believes that he is doing a kind of good - that his murders, beyond simply being the gratification of his own perverted psyche, will improve the world.
Obviously, there are a lot of borderline characters. Is it right to call a serial killer an Id Monster, or an Ego Monster? The serial killer is fulfilling what are, in a sense, deeply-coded functions; base desires that he may not even consciously understand. Likewise, depending on the nature of his psychosis, he may not even be capable of recognizing other human beings as human beings at all. Is this a product of an adapted narcissistic egoism? Or simply an undeveloped consciousness?
Michael Myers is a serial killer; I wouldn't call him an Ego-Monster.
Hitler was a raging Ego-Monster - but his sense of self was so forceful that it became the purpose of innumerable Nazis that worked for him, and thus became Superego-Monsters.
In this light, something like Moby-Dick is kind of fascinating to me. Melville has set up Ahab, clearly a kind of Ego-Monster, up against an Id-Monster - the former is so deeply self-obsessed that he doesn't care if he kills everyone around him to get what he wants; the latter represents the most unconscionable affront imaginable to a rampant egoist - a monster that refuses to acknowledge him.
This post originally appeared on Threat Quality Press. If you'd like to read more of Chris Braak, his new book The Translated Man and Other Stories is now available from TQP.


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Tuition for the B category licence.
About Brendan McGurryBrendan McGurry from BM School of Motoring is a RSA certified instructor (ADI), located in the Kerry / Killarney area. Brendan McGurry provides driving lessons for car & light van (licence category B), and operates in most areas of Kerry.
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If you are aware of any inaccuracies or omitted data related to this page, please suggest an edit. Your input may help others make an informed decision when looking for driving lessons.
Last update: December 13, 2022


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©Ramborella, LLC. All rights reserved.
Last week I shot the pilot for a national television talk show with me as the host, and I must say, it all went by in a blink. Months of work and planning were over in no time. My day began with an early hotel wake-up call and ended with removing my false eyelashes, then falling asleep seconds after I turned out the light. My friend, Celina, was worried I might have a "blue slump" when the big day was over, but there's been no time for a letdown. As I told Celina, "I've bitten off something really big, and there's no time to do anything but make this talk show a reality."
Oh, how I wish I could tell you every detail, but we're in a "blackout" period until the show's "a go" or "no-go." Either way, you can't imagine what's crammed into our relatively short timeline, a critical path designed to turn a pilot into a full-blown talk show. We've begun something akin to an Olympic track and field event. The starter pistol has already fired, and we've come out of the blocks as fast as our legs will take us. While we're not on the course with other racers, we do have to achieve a winning criteria. Then, if it's "a go," like being flung from a sling shot, another frantic race will begin: researching shows, booking guests and developing interview questions; finding clothes to wear and shoes narrow enough to fit my skinny feet; filling the audience with lots of wonderful women and men and shooting back-to-back shows till our first season is taped, edited and "in the can." If it's a no-go, then I'll smile and cherish this wonderful, crazy experience and know that I gave it my best. As winning Super Bowl coach, Mike Ditka, said, "Success isn't permanent, and failure isn't fatal." Either way, I will be fine.
One of the things I can tell you is that from the moment Dr. Susan Love walked into the makeup room, everyone fell in love with her. Word she was on set spread like crazy, and the director and crew came to meet her. Quite simply, Susan Love is a phenomenon! She radiates openness, enthusiasm and a curiosity laced with intensity, excitement and more than a pinch of mischief. Even to the casual observer, it's apparent Susan Love does everything with her entire being. She is the real deal!
When we'd finished taping her segment, Dr. Love was mobbed by women who had more questions for her or who wanted to have their picture taken with her. I finally had to have one of the production assistants rescue her and take her to a car, waiting to whisk her to the airport. I would walk across hot coals for Susan Love, and I owe her a debt of gratitude for coming to do this pilot. I've already heard from so many audience members; women who've told their friends what they learned from the show and have passed the ArmyOfWomen.org website on and urged them to join. Others have sent word they've bought Dr. Love's breast cancer and hormone books. This is so gratifying, because I consider myself a recruiter for the Army of Women. Regardless of whether you've had breast cancer or not, we're looking for a million women to join, so Dr. Love's research teams can find the cause of breast cancer and develop a preventative vaccine.
That's about all I can tell you for now except, I did cry. As I was ending my interview with Dr. Love, I looked into the camera and said, "Wouldn't it be wonderful if we were the ones who made it possible so that our granddaughters and their daughters never get breast cancer?" By the time I got to "our granddaughters," my voiced cracked, big time, and I bit my lip and had to pause before I could continue. The thought of what those of us who've had breast cancer, our family and friends have been through, lodged in my throat like it was the sum total of all of our pain and heartache. The thought of the great women who've already died, and the ones who are fighting with all their might, hoping against hope to be one of the ones whose Stage IV responds to treatment was more than I could verbally articulate.
The good news about a pilot is that everyone learns a lot about what we need to do next time. If given a next time, I'll keep a better eye on the makeup artist and stop her before she turns my eyebrows into Frida Kahlo lookalikes.


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The Rainforest Alliance Cupping for Quality award breakfast at the Specialty Coffee Association of America (SCAA) annual trade show is always the first function we attend each year at this event. The award is designed to recognize exceptional coffees carrying the Rainforest Alliance seal and to highlight the linkage between sustainable farm management practices and cup quality.
The number of farms that are RA certified, and thus participating in the award program, has grown a lot since the awards began in 2003. Last year, RA sought to manage this growth by having two annual cuppings and awards, divided by geography. In December, coffees from the southern hemisphere — including Brazil, Peru, Kenya, Tanzania and Indonesia — compete. These are the results of the December 2010 cupping, which included coffee from 35 competitors. In my next post, I'll give the most recent winners, announced this morning at the breakfast.
- Quecha, Peru (85.88). A brand of the CECOVASA farmer cooperatives, the Quecha coffees are grown at 1400 to 1750 meters in the Sandia valleys region of the Andes. CECOVASA is Fair Trade certified, and about half the members grow organic-certified coffee. Since 1998, CECOVASA has worked with Conservation International, and two years ago was recognized for its work preserving biodiversity by the Peruvian ministry of the environment. Last year, another CECOVASA coffee, Tunki, placed second in this competition (it also won best of origin in the SCAA Coffee of the Year competition), and Quecha came in 5th. Congrats to this hard-working federation for the excellent coffees they are producing, in a really sustainable manner!
- Wahana Grahamakmur (exporter), Indonesia (83.65).
- Fairview Estate, Kenya (83.23). Managed by Coffee Management Services. Growing the SL28 variety on 121 ha at 1750 m. Natural forest on the property is preserved, reforestation efforts have taken place, as has the planting of shade trees. Also UTZ certified.
- Thiriku Farmers Co-op Society, Kenya (83.02). Nyeri – SL28 and SL34 at 1700 m.
- Ipanema Agricola, Brazil (82.96). An enormous enterprise, often considered the largest single producer in the world, at 2600+ ha. They do produce single-farm brands, but no information on the particular source of this coffee was given.
- Ibonia Estate, Kenya (82.81). Managed by Coffee Management Services.
- Fazenda Itaoca, Brazil (82.75). 215 ha total, of which 30% is reserve land, in Mantiqueira region, southern Minas Gerais.
- Korona Enterprise Ltd, Papua New Guinea (82.67). Female owned from near Aiyura in the Eastern Highlands.
- Yandini Estate, Kenya (82.46). Managed by Coffee Management Services. Also UTZ Certified.
- Baragwi Farmers Co-op Society, Kenya and Kandara Farmers Co-op Society, Kenya (tie, 82.17). Baragwi has 1200 members, and is in Kirinyaga district and grows both SL28 and SL34 at 1600 m. Kandara grows SL28 and Ruiru 11 varieties at 1600 to 1800 m in the Kandara area, and this was one of the first producer organizations in Kenya to get RA certification.
Previous results reported on here:
- Rainforest Cupping for Quality 2010, round 2 (#1 = El Injerto, Guatemala — 89.73).
- Rainforest Alliance Cupping for Quality 2010 winners, first round 1 (#1 = Kigutha Estate, Kenya — 86.54).
- Rainforest Alliance Cupping for Quality 2009 (#1 = Hacienda La Esmeralda, Panama — 88.99).
- Rainforest Alliance Cupping for Quality winners 2008 (#1 = Hacienda La Esmeralda, Panama — 89.93).


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Italian fashion brandFiorucciInterviewGenio Fiorucci espresso machine
has cut a wide swath through pop culture since its 1967 launch in Milan. The brand's now-shuttered Manhattan store served as a sort of incubator for young talents, allowing designers Betsey Johnson and Anna Sui to set up concession stands, and artists Keith Haring and Kenny Scharf to hold their first exhibitions. While Fiorucci was known as a symbol of glamorous nightlife—Andy Warhol chose it as the venue for 's launch party—the most recent iteration has aligned it with a radically different notion: Morning coffee. The new, limited-edition ($140) features an iconic image of a kiss alongside the words "Love is the Message." Like the other machines in Nescafe's Dolce Gusto collection, it compares to professional-grade coffee machines, and brews a variety of hot and cold beverages, from a skinny Cappucino to peach iced tea. While newcomers to the brand will appreciate the shot of color and cheer the unique coffee machine brings to the morning grind, faithful fans will recognize the cheeky underlying message: stay caffinated; stay up all night.
This article originally appeared on elledecor.com.


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Canary Engineered Wood Bunk Bed in Brown Colour
By @home
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Product Dimensions
- SKU Code FVBDNS33BR67311
- Name Canary Solid Wood Bunk Bed For Kids (White) (Brown, Brown Finish)
- Net Quantity 1 N
- Product Dimensions 128.0 cm x 20.0 cm x 98.0 cm
- MRP ₹60,900.00 (Incl. of all taxes)
- Brand Name : By @home
- Primary Room : Bed Room
- Bed Size : single
- Primary Colour : Brown
- Suitable For : Kids
- Needs Assembly : TRUE
- Material : Engineered Wood
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- Material Subtype : Mdf
- Warranty in Months : 12
- Sold By : Reliance Retail Limited, 3rd Floor, Court House, Lokmanya Tilak Marg, Dhobi Talao, Mumbai-400002
- Consumer Care Details : Reliance Retail Limited, 1st, 2nd & 3rd Floor, No. 259 and 276 Amarjyothi, Basaveshwara HBCS Layout, Domlur, Bengaluru, 560071, Telephone No.: 080-69807777, Email ID: firstname.lastname@example.com
- Marketed By : Nilkamal Limited,Shakti Logistic Park, K-5/6, Mumbai Nashik Highway, Near Gazebo Hotel, Thane, Maharashtra - 421101
- Manufactured By : Nilkamal Limited,Shakti Logistic Park, K-5/6, Mumbai Nashik Highway, Near Gazebo Hotel, Thane, Maharashtra - 421101
- Avoid keeping very hot or very cold materials on the wood directly, always use coasters or mats.
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- Keep sharp objects away from your sofa. A little tear on the fabric cover may be hard to repair.
- For Leather and Leatherette furniture, avoid exposure to water or prolonged moisture.
- In case of a stain, a water-free fabric cleaner can be used. However, avoid applying the cleaner directly on the stain. Pour the cleaner onto a clean cloth and test its effect on a hidden area of the furniture before cleaning the stain with the cloth.
- Note: Please avoid dragging the products to reposition it, as this can weaken the joints over an extended period of time, especially in MDF/Particle Board beds.
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- There can be a minute difference in fabric color and wood finish between the images here and the actual product. This is caused by the difference in screen calibrations and resolutions across different displays.
- It is acceptable to have a slight mismatch in dimensions up to 12mm in upholstered products and up to 6mm in non upholstered.
- Termite & Fungus will not be covered under the warranty.
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Braun MQ7035X is a convenient high-performance blender that can easily grind even the most solid products. Thanks to the world's first technology ActiveBlade Braun MultiQuick 7 MQ7035X is the best submersible blender for the most difficult work. Moving up and down, unique knives ActiveBlade easily mix the most hard products while spending 40% less effort. So you can be creative and achieve the desired results, regardless of the complexity of the work done. Designed to solve the most complex problems, this innovative and flexible shaft provides 250% with a more active cutting surface, resulting in a 2-fold improvement in grinding! Non-slip coating, increased dome of submersible nozzles - cleanliness and speed of operation are provided.Terms and Conditions
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In case you have found Reward shortcomings within 7 calendar days after receiving the Reward, and such shortcomings have arisen not through your fault that is confirmed with the conclusion of the service center authorized by the producer of Goods, then it has to be necessary for you:
1. Call to support service Aeroflot Bonus with request for implementation of return of miles by phone +7 (495) 223-55-55 or 8 (800) 444-55-55;
2. Send to support service Aeroflot Bonus the scanned copies:
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3. After receiving confirmation from support service Aeroflot Bonus to return of miles, send to the address of the partner Braun-Russia (LLC Kolors Group): 119071, Moscow, Malaya Kaluzhskaya St., 15, build. 17 original of the conclusion of the service center and application for return of the Reward.
4. To expect return of miles. Miles are subject to return into the account in the program within 30 calendar days from the date of receipt by the partner of originals of the conclusion of the service center and the application for return of the Reward.
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Want to give your room a modern look? SKF Decor is the right solution for you to buy the Modern Dining Set in Ahmedabad to make your dining area look more beautiful and elegant. We are the renowned modern dining sets manufacturer in Ahmedabad, which offers a unique designs and styles to all our customers.
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Illinois unemployment rose to 9 percent in January
The state Department of Employment Security says Illinois unemployment rose to 9 percent in January.
That was up from 8.7 percent in December and back to almost the 9.1 percent rate of January 2012.
Department Director Jay Rowell blamed the uneven recovery the state has experienced since the recession.
The number of unemployed people in the state rose by 4 percent to 594,800. The state added a relatively small 7,100 jobs in January.
The biggest job losses were among companies in the trade, transportation and utilities sector where the state lost a net 5,500 jobs in January. Government agencies also shed a net 1,500 jobs. Educational and health services employers added 5,500 jobs.
The U.S. unemployment rate was 7.9 percent in January. That was slightly higher than December.


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@somosguatemala Not recently active
somosguatemala started the topic Users can not post in Forums in the forum How-to & Troubleshooting 9 years, 8 months ago
My users are trying to post in the SimplePress forum but for some reason they can not but when I create a new user that is a subscriber through WordPress they can post in the forum. When signing up with BuddyPress they the user becomes a subscriber. maybe it is not creating the right WP api?


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Famously touted as the most heavily peated malt ever made, Octomore may be the most eagerly anticipated Scotch release since Bruichladdich's earlier peat experiment, PC5.
Before we go into the details of this particular whisky, a word about peat. Peat, as you may know, is a fossil fuel derived from moss that imparts its smoky flavor on some Scotches when it is used to fuel the fire that cooks the malted barley. Peat in Scotch whisky is measured in parts per millions (PPM). Most Scotch has some amount of peat, and an "unpeated" Scotch may clock in at 5 to 10 PPM. What we used to think of as a heavily peated Scotch, say a typical Lagavulin, Ardbeg, Laphroaig or the aforementioned PC5 would usually contain between 25 up to 40 or 50 PPM of peat phenols. The new Ardbeg Supernova weighs in at "in excess of" 100 PPM and the Octomore has a crushing 131 PPM.
While I was excited by this new malt, it also made me apprehensive. It's great that Bruichladdich pushes the envelope, and they continue to do so in a way that few other distillers do, but for them, pushing the envelope always seems to include pushing the price point.
Marketed in a sleek black bottle (pretty bottles nearly always mean higher prices), the cask strength Octomore sells at a hefty $185-$200, which must be a record for a five year old whisky. I was worried when the Progressive Hebridean Distillers, as Bruichladdich likes to be known, charged over $100 for another five year old, their PC5, and now I'm even more concerned. Exciting new Scotch releases are becoming more and more inaccessible, particularly in this economic climate. Presumably, Bruichladdich will find out if it is economically feasible to keep its whiskies at the top of the market's price point. Time will tell.
Whatever happens, though, Octomore will ultimately be judged on how it tastes, so let's get on with it.
Bruichladdich Octomore [Ochdamh-mòr], 5 years old, 63.5% alcohol ($200).
It goes without saying that Octomore is heavily peated, though the smoke is not as overwhelming as you might guess. Given that a Lagavulin or Ardbeg is typically in the 45-50 PPM range and Octomore is 131 PPM, one would reasonably expect the Octomore to taste more than twice as smoky as those other peat monsters. Not so. The peat is there in force, but it feels about on par with those peatier Islay malts in terms of smoke.
The nose is heavily peated, I might mistake it for a Lagavulin for its intense campfire-like smokiness. The flavor is dazzling and balanced, smoke is accompanied by some sweetness, like the caramelized, smoky taste of a lovely hunk of smoked salmon; there are even notes of a sweet brandy sort. Peated whiskies nearly always offer a long finish and the Octomore finish is of a seemingly indefinite length, remaining with you as a long, pleasant reminder of the whisky.
I was never impressed with the PC5, which I considered rather one dimensional, but Octomore is something different. Despite its heavy smoke, Octomore has a complexity and a depth that the PC5 lacked. In a side by side tasting, Octomore blew PC5 away.
Since I first tried Octomore, I keep returning to it. I keep yearning for that smoke fix. It has an almost addictive quality (like some other smoky things).
Octomore is a great and exciting whisky and I'm excited to see what happens to it with age. The price tag, though, is far too steep. Come on Jim, give us working stiffs a break already.
Tuesday, March 17, 2009
Whiskey Wednesday: Prince of Peat - Bruichladdich Octomore
Labels: Bruichladdich, Drinks, Scotch, Whiskey
3 comments:
- Unknown said...
I'm glad someone liked it because I didn't like it much at all. It was definitely bottled far too early but hopefully will be much better with age.
- March 25, 2009 at 9:11 AM
- Mark Connelly said...
Oh, I agree with your comment on the price, though!
- March 25, 2009 at 9:13 AM
- sku said...
Thanks for your comments butephoto (it sounds like they were both from you). Different strokes for different folks, but I really liked Octomore, which surprised me since, as I say, I was less impressed with PC5.
Certainly, though, it will be interesting to try with some more years on it, and I'm sure we will get that opportunity at ever greater price tags.
- March 25, 2009 at 9:24 AM
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The Neighborhoods Of Post-Recession New York
If NYC residents could hope for anything good to come out of this economic crisis, it would be this: the rollback of gentrification. The Observer is already writing trend stories on it, whether it happens or not! Are you worried about whether your current neighborhood will remain safe for yuppies once the economy tanks? Click through for our citywide, neighborhood-specific map showing the fate of post-recession NYC; you may not be pleased, hipsters: [The key: Purplish-pink for traditional strongholds of the rich that will remain unscathed. Red for core neighborhoods that are probably too gentrified now to roll back significantly. Pink for marginal hoods, where a recession could send gentrifiers fleeing. And grey for wilderness neighborhoods, where yuppies would fear to tread after The Poors and other non-glamorous types take them back for good.]
[Map by Steven Dressler]


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Oil Painting Artists
Our Artists Group
We employ more than 30 full time artists, with more available for large projects - all of whom hold advanced degrees in fine arts. We only recruit the most talented artists - each of our painters possesses over ten years of relevant experience. Collectively, our artists embody a range of enormous depth, discipline and talent that makes us the most attractive art hub in the world.
We value our artists and provide them with the best environment and materials, keeping our employee retention rates very high - some of our painters have been with us for several years! This allows up offering our returning customers the option to request a particular artist they've worked with before, year after year.
Our average artist is a university graduate with an advanced degree in art who, apart from working for our company, also develops his own portfolio of original art. The average age of our artists is 33. The youngest is just 27 years old and the oldest above 60. Our artists tend to specialize in a certain style or in works of a certain master - such as Vincent Van Gogh or Claude Monet, and as such we commission orders to the artist who is most likely to do the best job. Below are some of our main artist brief introductions for your reference.
Fang Cong
Fang Cong: He was graduated from Oil Painting Department, National Shanghai University in 1965, and was appointed head of the laboratory, the oil painting of the Shanghai Theater Academy in 1975. He is good at figures and portraits, sensitive to capture the emotional characteristics of the different characters and revealing the humanity. His works are colorful and full of passion. Living abroad in 1987, his artistic exploration gradually turn Oriental rhyme and humanity "Cosmic Life" series, in Europe and the United States and other countries held 30 several exhibitions in France. In 2000, invited by the Shanghai Art Museum, the new museum "Fang Shicong Exhibition, his paintings have won the Special Award and the highest Jury Prize in France and the United States. In 2008, he was pioneered heart representational art salon to promote Chinese contemporary literati painting. He was skilled at abstract oil painting, landscape painting and realism painting.
Huang Lixin
Huang Lixin: In 1990,Huang Lixin was graduated from the Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts graduate works exhibitors: Oil Painting Exhibition "Youth apartment contemporary art exhibition literature Guangdong third painting exhibition the Third Landscape style national figures Oil Painting Exhibition national" era with the spirit of "People portrait painting exhibition first Chinese Lingnan painting slightly Showcase "to forward, forward" the third sketch Exhibition of the the Guangdong new Youth Exhibition Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, the second session of the China Academy of Art students and teachers Oil Painting Exhibition third Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts graduate Exhibition research significance ---- Exhibition of Oil Painting Department Graduate creation of new state Telao Di techniques classes Sports Art Exhibition, Guangdong Province, the second session of the Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts Graduate Exhibition.
Xia Yang
Xia Yang: He specializes in watercolors oil painting and pastels painting. And he was graduated from the Fine Arts Department, Xiamen University in 2000. He used to work as art editor in People's Education Publishing House and Xiamen People's Publishing House, His famous works include the sunset, Congtai, spring, country girls, farmer, female, Hui'an women.
Li Juncai
Li Juncai: He specializes in oil painting, watercolor painting, and comics. Graduated from the Department of Fine Arts, Fujian Normal University in 1976, in 1987 graduated from the Central Academy of Fine Arts Seminar. Years of study, creation, practice, and open their hearts freely absorb the concepts and practices of ancient and modern paintings, borrow the style of the ancient masters mastered in his works, in order to explore and perfect their own art style. Emerged in the thick of pastoral simplicity of truth deep and natural surface plot, is entrusted with the inner world of the painter infinite vitality.
Sun Yuan
Sun Yuan: 1983 graduated from Fuzhou Normal University Department of Fine Arts, In 1986, from June to September, sketching to Xinjiang Oil Painting Exhibition of Hebei (Shijiazhuang), in1991, graduated from Beijing University of Economics and Management, Since 2005 as a professional painter in Xiamen. Famous works are exhibited in Xiamen Art Museum, such as The Wall, Mother and the Sun.
Liu Xia
Liu Xia: Hunan Women sentimental view of their canvas "distance" plenty of rustic and elegant and leisurely to warmth, she is a beautiful painter fascination with classical paintings and the techniques of realism seeks to achieve the ultimate, trying purified realistic visual trying to provide a pure sense of permeability to the net for the viewer, the work is a portrayal of the artist's own good painting is itself the ultimate photo.
Liang Yong
Liang Yong: Born in Zhangzhou, Fujian province. He studied in Fujian Normal University Department of Fine Arts in 1989, admitted to painting professional, undergraduate degree in literature, In 1993, worked as art teacher currently Zhangzhou City Vocational College, Department of Art art teacher, associate professor, School of Fine Arts has long been engaged in teaching, personal strengths and interests, oil painting.
Liu Zhiying
Liu Zhiying: She was born in May, 1970 in Hebei province and specializes in oil painting. She graduated from the Tianjin Academy of Fine Arts in 1994. She used to be a middle school art teacher then worked as a professor of Hebei Normal University, in department of Fine Arts. Her famous prizewinning works include midnight, star, XiYing poor family. Midnight selected for the National Youth Art Exhibition, and published in the Art magazine. Now lives in Xiamen and works as oil painting artist.
Li Zhong
Li Zhong: After graduated from Yunnan Art Institute painting graduate, Li Zhong has been working with local the Ziyun galleries, Gaoyuanhong galleries and has drawn a large number of works. He also worked as based teacher in Arts and Crafts School. "If early paintings of the road is the fate I go after graduation, then, in 2000, had the honor to get to know the mentor is an important starting point in my painting then shift from a passive to an independent study, copying the masters Bouguereau many works, the techniques grow a lot."
Su Li
Su Li: He was graduated from Xiamen Hua Qiao University of Art Institute and a member of Fujian Province Artists Association. Under the guidance of Yu Pingwang and Song Qiming teacher, he created some famous works. Childhood passion for lifelong pursuit of art, live the life in the art of painting.
Xie Mo
Xie Mo: Graduated from Fujian Normal University, with bachelor degree. He is a member of Fuzhou Artists Association and the Oil Painting Society. Since 2004, he has been counseling students to participate in the international, national, provincial, city and county painting competitions and won numerous awards.
Chen Xiaobing
Chen Xiaobing: In 2003 studied in Tianjin Academy of Fine Arts and graduated from the oil painting department of modern painting studio with a bachelor's degree, studied in France after returning. Now lives in Xiamen. He is good at landscape oil painting.
Wu fang
Wu fang: Born in 1970, Xiamen, Fujian Province. Graduated from the Shandong Institute of Arts in 1996 and a Bachelor of Arts degree, his childhood love of oil painting and watercolor painting, the juvenile with his teacher Xujun learning calligraphy during undergraduate professional in the Shandong Institute of Arts Department of Fine Arts to study painting, his works are fresh and natural, innovative and refined.


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America is getting a Pokémon strategy game this June. It's called Pokémon Conquest, a name-change from Pokémon + Nobunaga's Ambition, which is what it's been called in Japan.
It's not made by Nintendo. It's made by Tecmo Koei.
Our guy in Japan has played it and declared it... "a decent foray into the strategy RPG world."
Nintendo describes Conquest like this:
In Pokémon Conquest, players take on the role of a young Warlord who is linked with a Pokémon. Together, they must set out to recruit Warrior allies to strengthen their growing kingdom. Along their journey, players will encounter a variety of Pokémon, as well as Warriors and Warlords inspired by the Japanese feudal era. The game contains nearly 200 Pokémon, including many from the recent Pokémon Black Version and Pokémon White Version games, which have sold more than 4 million copies combined in the United States.
As the battlefield unfolds in Pokémon Conquest, players must choose the correct Pokémon type to inflict maximum damage on their opponents. In the turn-based skirmishes, players choose different tactics for intense six-on-six battles, and battle conditions can change on every turn, keeping players on their toes in anticipation of what will happen next.
Our guy who played it sized it up for himself: "While combining Pokémon with feudal Japan is an admittedly awesome idea, little is done with it. The story is as simple as you and your allies conquering the South while Nobunaga does the same in the North and the dialogue is little more than pre-fight posturing. There's really no compelling reason for a crossover with the Nobunaga's Ambition series. This same basic game could easily take place in the modern Pokémon world, or in that world's past for that matter."
The takeaway is that Disgaea fans might find the game way too simple, but kids might like this as a good starter strategy game.
It'll be out in North America on June 18 in North America. For the Nintendo DS, which appears to still be the lead system for Pokémon games.
Is Pokémon + Nobunaga's Ambition a Tactical Success?
We've already taken a look at the tactics-style gameplay and use of historical figures in our coverage of Pokémon + Nobunaga's Ambition on the Nintendo DS. More »


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Cha-ching #1: See what you have.
We always say that visibility is the goal of almost any organizing project, and gaining that visibility to your stuff allows you to make smarter purchases. If you know that you already have four pink sweatshirts, you won't need to buy another one.
Cha-ching #3: Stop late fees and unnecessary charges. When you have an organized system for paying bills, you avoid expensive late fees and even worse, damage to your credit rating. Keeping closer watch over your bills also means you may catch those recurring charges to the gym you no longer visit or even fraudulent charges. You can also learn that you might not have the right plan for your cable or cell phone, which provides huge potential savings.
Cha-ching #2: Use what you have. Along with making smarter purchases, the visibility you will gain from organizing your home allows you to avoid waste. Planning your meals and being able to find and use what you have purchased means less spoiled or stale food being thrown out. You're also more likely to use coupons and gift certificates when you have a system for locating them. (A simple accordion check-file from the office supply store works well.)
RELATED: Essential Tips for Organizing Your Bills
Cha-ching #4: Find actual money!
As a professional organizer, I have found literally thousands of dollars in our clients' homes in the form of undeposited checks, gift cards, and actual cash that was hidden in odd places. We found over $5000 in just one home! Organizing clothing, purses, and your paperwork often yields a fun bonus. Don't forget that rebate opportunities and warranty information can help you get some money back too.
Cha-ching #5: Get back some of your precious time.
Time is truly more valuable than money, since you can never get wasted time back. When you organize your home, you can save the time looking for your keys, your bills, and your missing shoes and spend it doing something else that matters to you more.
Cha-ching #6: Get a tax deduction.
Organizing your family's closets, toys, books, and DVD collections can help you while you help others. Visit donate.goodwill.org to use the Donation Impact Calculator to see what good your donations are doing for people in your community. For example, donating five pairs of shoes, three dresses and two purses = one hour of career counseling. And to find the market value of your donation, you can visit itsdeductible.com or charitydeductions.com.
Lorie Marrero is the best-selling author of "The Clutter Diet: The Skinny on Organizing Your Home and Taking Control of Your Life" and the creator of ClutterDiet.com.


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Warehousing is a crucial purpose of actual circulation, specifically when a company produces client products. An industrial building for the safe-keeping of products is known as a factory.
Some supply is held at or nearby the plant, and also the relaxation is within manufacturing facilities in other areas. An organization can own private warehouses as well as hire places in public places manufacturing facilities. Powerful industrial environments. retail store items for moderate-to-longer time periods. Circulation warehouses receive goods from various business plant life and vendors and shift them out without delay. Some manufacturing facilities supply facilities like frosty safe-keeping. You can find specialized industrial environments for agricultural items.
The more aged, multistoried industrial environments have slow-moving elevators and unproductive substance-dealing methods. These more mature systems are acquiring rivalry from newer, single-tale automated warehouses with advanced substance-dealing and stockroom-management systems within control over a core laptop or computer. Your computer reads store orders and directs lift pickups and electric hoists to get items according to nightclub rules, relocate these to launching docks and concern statements. These industrial environments have lessened personnel personal injuries, labor fees, pilferage, and damage, and enhanced products management.
The perfect area of the warehouse or industrial environment is made the decision contemplating little travel costs. Consumer professional services, amounts of inventories, and firm storage place versus public warehouse are some of the troubles to be determined by logistics managing. In some big businesses, manufacturing facilities are controlled by the revenue division, or arrangements are made with general public industrial environments.
Ideal places and a sufficient amount of industrial environments. maintained by an organization can provide the individual greater service and can also result in a decrease in transport fees when the goods are moved by wagonloads, truckloads, or barge loads into the industrial environments .
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