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Men's Jumpers
Whatever your style of choice, the latest designs of Tommy Hilfiger jumpers for men are a must-have for every modern man's wardrobe. Keep it classic with any of our crew neck cable jumpers, crafted from a light gauge knit in cotton blend cashmere or achieve a casual cool look by matching our jumpers with a pair of slim fit jeans and comfortable men's trainers. Throw your look back to the '80s with any of our abstract colour-blocked jumpers, featuring larger than life statement designs and vivid colours. For an iconic throwback look, layering our men's jumpers with any of casual cotton t-shirts and slim-fit chinos, or achieve the continental look with a fine men's roll neck jumper. Our cable-knit jumpers will keep you warm and ensure a sartorial flair, while our cashmere jumpers are the go-to choice to complete a smarter ensemble with a tailored suit. Pair a classic men's black jumper with your favourite set of cords for a smart casual look at the weekend, and slip on a men's v neck jumper under your suit for faultless office attire.

subset: commoncrawl


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Conspiracy theorist Stephan Lewandowsky, in keeping with SkS style, has rewritten the history of his blog hosted by the University of Western Australia.
Tom Fuller, who does online commercial surveys for a living, has sharply criticized the Lewandowsky's tainted methodology – a methodology that relied on fake data to yield fake results.
Over the past week or so, Fuller has commented frequently on Lewandowsky threads here, here, here and here.
Although Lewandowsky snipped some of Fuller's comments, over the past week or so, all or part of about 50 comments were approved.
Today, Lewandowsky (who is being assisted by an SkS squadron) liquidated every single comment by Fuller on the entire blog, leaving rebuttals to Fuller in place without the protagonist. This is different from not approving the blog comments: it's an after-the-fact cleansing of Fuller from the blog.
The University of Western Australia should hang its head in shame at Lewandowsky's Gleickian antics.
Steve: According to a comment at Lewandowsky's blog operated by the University of Western Australia, Lewandowsky's moderation is being done by (presumably) members of the SkS squadron, who were merely trying to silence Fuller as a commenter on the blog, stating that their liquidation of the history of Fuller's comments was an accidental by-product of silencing Fuller.


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Capital Markets: currently 395 jobs.The latest job was posted on 25 Mar 23.
Capital Markets
This section contains all our capital markets jobs. If you work in the capital markets division of an investment bank you could do anything from originating, to structuring, to syndicating. Origination specialists are usually senior capital markets bankers. Their job involves a lot of travel as they meet clients in an effort to gain insight into their financing needs and persuade them to offer business to the bank.
By comparison, structurers are desk-bound. They spend their time creating complex financial products to suit a company's financing needs as communicated by the originators.
It's up to the people on the syndication desk to ready the market for the sale. They calculate the best price range for the product in question, assess demand, and make sure the correct documents are in place.
Financial products are born or "originated" in the capital markets divisions of investment banks. There, capital markets bankers produce the securities used by companies and institutions who want to raise money on the public markets. Their two main products are stocks, which are traded on the equity capital markets, and bonds, traded on the debt capital markets.
Investment banks act as "underwriters" on behalf of the company issuing stocks or bonds. In return for a fee known as the "underwriting spread", they assume the risk of issuing the securities and do the work necessary to bring them to market.
Equity capital markets (ECM) bankers help companies raise money by issuing shares. As underwriters, they guarantee that they will sell the shares the company is issuing for a certain price. If they can't find enough people to buy the shares at the price they've agreed with the client, the bank is obliged to buy the shares itself. These shares might be part of an initial public offering (IPO), or a rights issue.
Debt capital markets (DCM), meanwhile, deal with saleable units of debt in the form of bonds, including treasury bonds issued by governments, investment grade bonds issued by companies and high yield bonds, which are more likely to default and therefore pay a higher rate of return. DCM is also called the fixed-income market.
Jobs in capital markets divisions also include issuing more complex products, such as equity-linked securities - or bonds that can be converted into equities at a pre-arranged price - and derivatives.
Some likely careers and job titles in capital markets include: Senior Originator Specialty Lending; Risk Manager; Equity Derivatives Product Control; Junior FICC Structurer; and Debt Capital Markets Analyst, to name a few.
In order to secure a capital markets vacancy, you should have a strong, analytical ability and statistical aptitude, strong communication skills, ability to manage multiple projects, and perseverance.


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Monday to Friday: 9.00h-14.00h // 16.00h-19.00h
Whether you want to create a gender-neutral nursery for your little ones to grow up in, or a unisex kids' room suitable for boys and girls, you'll need to think outside of the mainstream. From colour palettes to furniture designs, stores are chock-full with traditional gendering: pink for girls and blue for boys. But it doesn't have to be this way. Here are a few tips on child-friendly interior design for creating an inclusive space.
Design companies recommend starting with at least a semi-neutral base for your gender-neutral nursery. A palette of greys and whites will give you a blank canvas onto which you can weave personal touches. This also means avoiding jumping straight into a floor-to-ceiling theme. Keep it clean and simple, and let the personality grow and evolve with your new arrival.
If you're using some statement furniture or hanging pictures on the wall, using a darker shade of paint will help those features pop. High-contrast colours can also help divide a room. For example, you could have a dark-grey or black wall beside the bed, with a white or lighter shade over by the toy box.
If you'd prefer to inject some personality from day one, there are plenty of ways to do so while keeping your commitment to a unisex kids' room. Switching out the greys for a more colourful base using greens, yellows or fresh hues like coral or teal can produce an ambience that's comfortable and gender neutral.
You can also play with patterns to create interest within the room. Geometric patterned wallpapers and rugs add depth to a space, while stencils and decals are an excellent way to add flourishes to plain surfaces.
When choosing specific motifs to feature in these designs, you can't go wrong with nature as a theme. Sprucing up the room with figurative flora and fauna, and even a few living plants, adds an organic feel that isn't overtly gendered.
These don't have to be used only with special centrepieces, however. It can be just as effective to use a nursery must-have, like a baby monitor or nightlight, that sports one of these themes or motifs. These items command at least as much attention as the larger elements like walls and beds, and will be just as important in ensuring you've produced a genuinely gender-neutral nursery. Elements like bedding and lampshades are also a great canvas, as they can be altered easily to reflect changing tastes.
As time goes by, the chances of your little ones accumulating gendered toys and items increases. To avoid them disrupting your carefully curated unisex space, it can pay to have storage solutions ready and waiting. Clearly divided shelving and storage boxes make it much easier to keep the place tidy, and are especially important if you have children sharing a unisex kids' room.
Even when it comes to a complex topic like gender-neutral décor, there can be a straightforward, methodical way to achieve your goal. Start with simple, neutral colours. Spice them up with geometric or organic flourishes, be sure to leave space to store accumulated items and adapt to changing tastes. That way you'll not only create the ideal room, but be in a great position to keep it that way.
Monday to Friday: 9.00h-14.00h // 16.00h-19.00h


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Here's an interesting video – a discussion between Richard Dawkins and Lawrence Krauss at the Australian National University recently.
I have a couple of thoughts about this event:
- It really only took place because both speakers were in Australia for the recent Global Atheist Convention in Melbourne. I think this endorse a point made by one journalist that such conventions do have important spin-offs. Of course there are economic ones – and this convention, which attracted over 4000 participants, would have brought tourists and money into Melbourne and Australia generally. That's why governments actually help fund events like this.
But this journalist was also talking about the intellectual and cultural benefits the convention brought to the country. The in the country inevitably leads to other events – TV interviews, debates, lectures and discussions like this. This contributes to the intellectual and cultural life of the country.
- Just look at how many people there were in the audience. it is gratifying to see top rate scientists creating such interest and drawing such crowds.
- The format of the discussion. Richard Dawkins has for some time expressed disappointment in the debate and moderated argument format. He repeats his reasons at the beginning of this video. Consequently he has undertaken a number of unmoderated discussions along the lines of this one. Personally I think they are successful – and much prefer them to debates which can end up as just glorified verbal boxing matches. I welcome readers thoughts on these formats.
I look forward to such an unmoderated discussion where the participants have stronger difference. I like to think it could be successful. What do you think?
Thanks to: Richard Dawkins and Lawrence Krauss in conversation at ANU | The RiotACT.


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Northumbria University Centre for Forensic Science
Northumbria University Centre for Forensic Science
Ellison Place, Ellison Building
Newcastle upon Tyne
United Kingdom
Scientific Lead
Prof. Robin Williams
Phone: +44 (0) 191 227 4859
Project Staff
Prof. Martin Evison
Phone: +44 (0) 191 243 7631
Institute Presentation
The Northumbria University Centre for Forensic Science undertakes inter-disciplinary research with regional, national and international partners. Its members have worked with leading organisations in the sector, including the Association of Chief Police Officers, Home Office Forensic Science Regulator, Royal Military Police Special Investigation Branch, Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Australian Federal Police, Environmental Science and Research (New Zealand), INTERPOL, and Federal Bureau of Investigation (United States), as well as with agencies in Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Middle East. Funding has come from the Royal Society, United Kingdom Foreign and Commonwealth Office, Economic and Social Research Council (UK), Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK), Nuffield Foundation (UK), Wellcome Trust (UK), Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (Canada) and Technical Support Working Group (USA).
Members of the Centre have participated in a number of human rights abuse and Disaster Victim Identification deployments. They have undertaken forensic case work in forensic archaeology and anthropology, forensic facial reconstruction, forensic facial comparison, DNA profiling, low-template DNA analysis, familial searching, and cases where the potential for innocent transfer of DNA evidence is at issue. They have assisted in police investigations into serious crime, and have been instructed by both Prosecution and Defence counsel.
Professor Robin Williams will lead the Centre's work on this project. He has published widely on social and ethical issues in forensic genetics. He joined Northumbria University in 2008 as a Professor of Forensic Science Studies. He is an Emeritus Professor in Sociology in the School of Applied Social Sciences at the University of Durham and a Visiting Professor at the Centre for Policy & Ethics in the Life Sciences at the University of Newcastle on Tyne. His recent research - on the uses of the life sciences is support of social control - has been funded by the Wellcome Trust and the Nuffield Foundation. He was a member of the Nuffield Council of Bioethics Working Party on the Police Uses of Bioinformation and co-author of their report published in 2008. More recently he worked (together with Carole McCartney and Tim Wilson) on the Nuffield Foundation project on 'The Future of Forensic Bioinformation'. He has participated in a number of international collaborations including the Harvard Workshop on 'DNA Fingerprinting and Civil Liberties' and the NIH funded Penn Workshops on 'Emerging Ethical Issues in Criminal Forensic Genetics'. His published work includes (with Paul Johnson) 'Genetic Policing: The Use of DNA in Criminal Investigations' (Willan, 2008) and (edited with Jim Fraser), 'The Handbook of Forensic Science' (Willan, 2010).
Professor Martin Evison completed a BSc in Genetics at Newcastle University in 1982, after which he worked on the genetics of thermophilic bacteria in New Zealand. In 1986 he returned to the UK and worked as a professional computer analyst/programmer. His research in forensic genetics began in 1993 with PhD research in ancient DNA, which applied low-template methods to forensic and archaeological material. His work was published in Journal of Forensic Sciences and Ancient Biomolecules. He joined the University of Sheffield Department of Forensic Pathology in 1994 as a research assistant in computerised methods of craniofacial identification, and has published on facial reconstruction and facial comparison in Journal of Forensic Sciences and Forensic Science Communications. Results of a project he directed analysing face shape variation in 3000 volunteers have been published by Taylor and Francis. Recently, while Director of the Forensic Science Program at the University of Toronto, Martin collected a sample of 400 individuals 3D face surfaces accompanied by a 660K SNP and CNV panel, in order to facilitate a pilot study of genetic factors underlying face shape variation. He joined Northumbria University Centre of Forensic Sciences as Director in 2010. He has given evidence on forensic anthropology, low-template DNA analysis and forensic facial identification in England and Wales, and other jurisdictions.
Chris Maguire completed a BA in Biochemistry at York University in 1977 before undertaking a PhD in Molecular Enzymology whilst working as a Research Assistant at Bristol University. Chris was awarded his doctorate in 1982 and also has a MBA from the Bradford University School of Management. In 1981 he had joined the Forensic Science Service; undertaking his initial training as a forensic biologist at the Wetherby Laboratory; specialising in DNA profiling from 1987. In 1990, he became the manager of the DNA Profiling Unit at the FSS Wetherby laboratory; a position he held until 1999. At this time Chris led the development of a Paternity Analysis Unit - the first FSS commercial development and was the lead UK scientist for a number of DVI incidents including; Waco (1994) and the UN helicopter crash in Bosnia (1997).
Between 2000 and 2010 Chris undertook a variety of operational, training, development and consultancy roles in the FSS, all of which involved some aspect of DNA profiling. He was: Lead Scientist - identification of crew of MV Gaul which sank in the Barents Sea in 1974; Consultant to UN to write a strategy document for the United Nations Mission in Kosovo (UNMiK) on the use of DNA profiling to identify victims of the conflict in former Yugoslavia; Scientific advisor to British Consul, New York, in relation to the identification of victims of the September 11th 2001 disaster at the World Trade Centre; Member of the DNA advisory group for identification of victims of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in Louisiana and Mississippi; and Lead UK scientist for identification of victims of Air France AF447 mid-Atlantic air crash
Chris led the development and commercialisation of DNA expert system software for DNA profile interpretation (FSS-i3), database (FSS-iD) and relationship analysis (FSS-ibd). From this he developed the protocols for the FSS' likelihood ratio approach to familial searching of the National DNA Database.


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The biggest winter storm in three years will clobber Southern California Friday morning with steady rain, violent thunderstorms, high winds, hail and up to three feet of snow in the mountains, and not let up until Sunday morning, weather experts predicted.
Climate scientists spoke of a storm of biblical proportions, one that may turn denuded hillsides left behind by recent wildfires into rivers of mud. They even spoke of the storm — pictured in satellite imagery as a massive cloud off the California coast Thursday — as coincidentally falling on the 76th anniversary of the great flood of 1938 that triggered the concreting of the Los Angeles River.
But with all that is expected in the next two and a half days, from flash floods to liquid hillsides to a toxic flush into Long Beach Harbor, no one was calling it drought relief or a change in the state's stubbornly dry weather pattern.
"This is not a regime shift in the Jet Stream pattern. This is a rogue storm. A powerful rogue storm," said Bill Patzert, climatologist at Jet Propulsion Laboratory in La Cañada Flintridge. "This is no drought buster."
Moderate to heavy rain will begin falling just after midnight with intensive squalls that will bring rain at a rate of one-half to 1 inch per hour in places, depending on where the thunderstorms pop up, according to the National Weather Service in Oxnard.
AccuWeather.com predicted 4 to 6 inches of rain in the lower foothills of L.A. area mountain ranges, with 6 to 8 inches of rain in the lower mountains. Large rainfall amounts occurring in short time periods were predicted for neighborhoods near the burn areas in Azusa and Glendora in the east San Gabriel Valley, where the Colby Fire charred nearly 2,000 acres of hillsides.
The ominous forecast led to mandatory evacuations of 1,000 Glendora residents and about a dozen homes in Azusa along Ridge View Drive on Thursday as a precaution against deadly mudslides.
Some residents who evacuated their homes only a month ago when the Colby Fire whipsawed through the upper-middle-class community, destroying five homes and damaging 17 structures, were busy packing again Thursday.
"I'm going to be gone all day and I don't want to be stuck not being able to get back up (to the house) and not have my medicine or my clothes with me," said Sue Johnson, who shoved personal documents, knitting, checkbooks, clothes and medicine into suitcases.
Those who decided to stay did so at their own risk, said Glendora City Manager Chris Jeffers. "By staying in a high-risk area, you risk serious injury or worse. Why take that risk with your loved ones?"
In Long Beach, health officials and police officers combed the San Gabriel River near the 605 Freeway on Thursday to warn homeless people of the dangers of staying in the river corridors and to get them to higher ground.
"We do the best to let people know that they are in flood control channels and it could pose a serious safety risk," said Susan Price, bureau manager of community health with the Long Beach Department of Health and Human Services.
Price said the department conducts street outreach through various partners citywide on an ongoing basis, but with the upcoming storm, teams have taken to areas where flooding may occur in order to try to get people to a safer area.
The storm could pack the highest amount of rainfall since the storm of March 20, 2011, said Patzert, who "guaranteed" more than 2 inches of rain in the L.A. Basin. Snow levels in local mountains will drop to 5,550 feet Friday and then 6,500 feet late Friday into Saturday, said the National Weather Service.
But one record rainfall will not be enough to end a three-year record drought, he said.
With 1 inch already from Thursday morning's storm in downtown L.A., adding another 2 inches will bring the storm totals for this season to 4.2 inches. The average annual amount is 15.1 inches.
"It takes a long time to get into a drought and you crawl out of it slowly," Patzert said.
Snowfall in the Sierras is the only way the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power will see more water flowing down the L.A. Aqueduct from the Owens Valley. Likewise, the State Water Project depends on snowmelt.
State Department of Water Resources officials reported a bump in Northern California snowpack water content Tuesday, from 19 percent to 22 percent. On Thursday, electronic readings detected 24 percent, said Ted Thomas, spokesman for the department.
"Predictions are for snowfall to be heavier (Friday)," he said. "But we are a long way from getting to an average year. We are still in the drought, but everything helps."
State Water Commissioner Adan Ortega of Fullerton described the fires in Azusa and Glendora, as well as fires last year near Lake Elizabeth north of Santa Clarita and one in Monrovia, and the storms that bring mudslides as the first horseman of the water apocalypse.
"In biblical terms, the first horseman is the bearer of bad news," he said. What will follow will be more sediment into dams and reservoirs and reduced water quality, a confused public and finally, higher water rates.
"People will wonder and see all this rain and then they are told to conserve water. When MWD sells the water in its reservoirs, it has to be paid for. So someone will have to raise rates also because they are selling less water," Ortega said.
The only way to create a happy ending to the drought is for five more storms of similar magnitude to hit Southern California this season, Patzert said.
He said the chances of a sudden turn in the Jet Stream resulting in a string of storms in March are about as good as the Los Angeles Lakers, currently in last place, making the playoffs.
"An impossible shot," he said.


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Chrome fever picks up in hours before Belmont Stakes
ELMONT, N.Y. — Chrome craziness set in at Belmont Park Saturday as the hours ticked down ahead of the horse's bid to end racing's 36-year Triple Crown drought.
California Chrome, the chestnut colt with four white feet and a modest pedigree, was on the verge of making history or becoming just another miss. The track was expecting more than 100,000 people to show up.
Fans had already jammed the grandstand by midday. Purple nasal strips emblazoned with California Chrome's name were being sold to fans two for $5. The sales were a nod to the horse's bid to get permission to wear the strips to open up his nasal passages in the Triple Crown's third and final leg.
California Chrome owner Steve Coburn signed hats, posters and programs tossed to him in his box seat. Fans also snapped up free posters that read "Triple Chrome."
It was a smooth run for California Chrome through the first two legs of the Triple Crown. His backstory — owned by a couple of working stiffs who spent $8,000 on a mare they bred to a stallion for $2,500 — earned him a legion of fans who loved to cheer for the underdog.
His owners were called "dumb asses" by a trainer for buying a mare who gave no indication that she could produce a standout offspring who could run fast. California Chrome parlayed trouble-free trips in the Kentucky Derby and the Preakness into victories, setting the stage for a possible sweep.
The 1½-mile Belmont, known as "The Test of a Champion," is the longest of the three races in the series. And, in many respects, the cruelest.
Only 11 horses entering Saturday had swept the three races, Affirmed the most recent in 1978. Since then, 12 horses have captured the first two legs without completing the equine hat trick.
There was a quiet confidence in the California Chrome camp that they possess the long-awaited Triple Crown champion.
"The horse is doing great, I couldn't ask anything more from him," said Alan Sherman, the assistant trainer to his father Art Sherman. "I'm looking forward to the race. I think if he runs his race, he's going to be pretty solid."
About 5:30 a.m., California Chrome hit the track to jog around the sprawling oval, stretching his legs before returning to his stall for the long wait until the Belmont was run in the late afternoon.
By all outward indications, Chrome's camp had every reason to feel confident. Since the Preakness, California Chrome had not missed a beat. His one workout was terrific, the morning gallops strong and steady, the appetite hardy.
California Chrome was set to face 10 rivals around "Big Sandy," Belmont's deep and often tiring track.
"I feel more confident coming into this race than I did any race," said Art Sherman, who at 77 is overseeing the best horse of his career. "I'm getting pumped up."
The Belmont was a potential redemptive moment for jockey Victor Espinoza, who saw his bid for a Triple Crown aboard War Emblem end in defeat at the 2002 Belmont after a stumble at the start.
"It has to be a super horse to win that," Espinoza said.
Those looking to play spoiler included Commanding Curve. He rallied from 18th in the Kentucky Derby for finish second, only 1¾-length behind California Chrome.
Commanding Curve skipped the Preakness, getting an additional two weeks of rest for the Belmont. He is owned by West Point Thoroughbreds, a partnership headed by Terry Finley.
While everyone wants to win, deep down most wouldn't be too upset seeing a Triple Crown winner.
"Sure, we'd love to win," Finley said. "We're like most of the other connections, we want California Chrome to win if we don't."


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IL BARBIERE DI SIVIGLIA, Vienna State Opera , 17 April 2021
Event DetailsCategory: Operas Event: IL BARBIERE DI SIVIGLIA Date/Time: 17 April 2021 Venue: Vienna State Opera Address: Opernring 2, 1010 Wien / Vienna (Map)
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Act 1
In front of Dr. Bartolos house. count Almaviva has hired some musicians to serenade his beloved Rosina, Dr. Bartolos niece. But Rosina fails to appear at her window so the count can only pay off the musicians and send them home. Presently the count encounters Figaro, the local barber and general factotum. Recognising the barber as having formerly been in his employment the count tells him of his passion for Rosina and by promises of a rich reward secures Figaros valuable services. Figaro has a brilliant idea to introduce the count into Bartolos house: rooms in Seville are being requisitioned for the army so all the count has to do is to dress up as a soldier and claim accommodation. In her room Rosina is writing a letter to the young cavalier, apparently called Lindoro, who is so ardently wooing her; Figaro agrees to deliver it but is prevented by the sudden arrival of Dr. Bartolo and Rosinas music-master Basilio. Bartolo, who is also Rosinas guardian, admits to Basilio that he has hopes of making her his wife as well as his ward. Meanwhile Figaros plan is put into action: Almaviva enters disguised as a drunken soldier, creates a scene, and obstreperously demands a nights lodging, managing to exchange a furtive word or two with Rosina during the commotion. Dr. Bartolo calls the police to have him thrown out, whereupon the intruder reveals his identity and the Act ends in complete confusion.
Act 2
A young music-teacher reports at Dr. Bartolos house saying he has been sent by Basilio who is ill, to give Rosina her singing lesson. It is of course Almaviva in disguise. But Doctor Bartolo smells a rat and insists on being present at the singing lesson. To distract Bartolos attention Figaro forcibly shaves him while keeping up a running fire of conversation under cover of which Rosina and Almaviva plan an elopement. All is going smoothly when unfortunately Basilio turns up, and it is all Figaros powers of persuasion and the counts purse can do to hustle him off the premises before he has time to give the whole scheme away. Eventually however Bartolo does find out about the planned elopement, so after poisoning Rosinas mind against her suitor he presses his own suit more urgently than ever; and Rosina, to spite her lovers apparent inconstancy,agrees to marry Bartolo. Bartolo instructs his lawyer to bring the necessary documents for his marriage to Rosina, and goes to alert the police to arrest Lindoro as soon as he attemps to abduct Rosina. But the elements are on Almavivas side. Under cover of a thunderstorm, and conducted by Figaro, he makes his way into Bartolos house and reveals to Rosina that Lindoro and Almaviva are one and the same person. The lawyer Basilio sent for arrives in time to effect the marriage of Rosina and Almaviva, and by the time Dr. Bartolo returns from the police, all he can do is accept the situation with good grace.
Last update: 01 April 2023
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Casa Finisterra in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico was designed by Steven Harris Architects. The house mixes relaxation and modern very well, not to mention how gracefully it sits into the hillside above the water. In a way the flat slab structure of the roof reminds me of the mid-century Kaufmann Desert House in Palm Springs.
Found via Contemporist


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Bremerton's Nathan Adrian was selected by his Olympic peers on Tuesday as one of six captains to head Team USA as they prepare for the Rio Games in a matter of weeks.
Adrian was selected as a captain along with Michael Phelps and Anthony Ervin for the men's team. On the women's side, captains are Cammile Adams, Elizabeth Beisel and Allison Schmitt. The team is training in San Antonio this week before heading to Atlanta for more training and then to Brazil.
Adrian is not the first Bremerton swimmer to be named a team captain. That honor goes to Tara Kirk Sell who was named for the women's team for the 2004 Athens Games.


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A succinct, detailed career plan is one of the most useful tools you can use to identify where you are, where you want to be, and how to get there. Here are five key steps to help you create your own career plan.
Step 1: Self evaluation
To discover what you really want to do, try answering these fundamental questions about your personality, preferences and values in your career plan:
- What motivates me and what do I enjoy doing?
- What are my personal attributes and lifestyle priorities?
- What do my family and friends see as my strengths and weaknesses?
- What are the five key things I am looking for in a job?
Step 2: Skills analysis
As well as your personal preferences, your existing skills are an important indicator of the direction in which you could head. Reflect on your skill set with the following questions:
- What qualifications and experience do I have?
- What are my key strengths, transferable skills and specific skills?
- What are my biggest achievements to date?
- What are my weaknesses and areas for development?
Step 3: Setting your direction
Based on your key interests, attributes, skills and experience, you can now start to formulate ideas on the type of roles/industries that will suit you best. Try brainstorming as part of your career plan:
- The broad industries that really appeal to you
- The types of roles that would suit you best
- How these options match your personal preferences
- Key skills that may need development
Step 4: Committing to a timeframe
Now that you have an idea of where you want to go, it's time to work out how you can get there. Ask yourself the following questions to help break down your goals into smaller, more manageable milestones for your career plan:
- What do I want to achieve within the next six, twelve, eighteen months?
- How and when will I achieve my training and education goals?
- How and when will I gain the additional skills and experience I need?
- How can I expand my network, and by when?
Step 5: Review your career plan
Having established your goals and how to achieve them, you will now have a clear pathway in which to head. It's important to monitor the progress of your career plan at least every six months, to ensure that you are on track to meet your goals. Re-evaluating your career plan and goals allows you to make adjustments based on changing economic and personal circumstances.


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It was the in the Portland Observer and Normanby Advertiser that I first found a "They Say" column. It was actually a regular column in newspapers across Australia, offering a snapshot of news and local gossip, often with a humorous tone. Each item always began with "That" and the news reported ranged from local to international. The time period of the following four articles is 1915 to 1917, so Australia was at war.
White boots at a Kentbruck wedding? You probably had to be there. Mouzie is the Parish of Mouzie, near Portland and it seems there had been a sighting of the Tantanoola tiger. Incredible since the legend of the Tantanoola tiger went back 1884, when a Bengal tiger supposedly escaped from a circus at Tantanoola in the south-east of South Australia and was the suspected perpetrator behind mauled sheep through into Victoria. By 1915, the tiger would have been over 30 years old. Regardless, it is an interesting story with a twist that I intend to follow-up for a future Trove Tuesday.
In January 1917, Drik Drik was on the decline and the pressure on men that didn't go to war was clear.
In June 1917, an Victorian State election was on the agenda, but when would it be? Much like what Australians have endured over the past few days. Again. Australia's role in WW1 was costly, with the debt out to £130,000,000.
Amusing was the obituary for a sanitary inspector and the crack at the wealthy for not observing thrift, while they and the State expected those at the lower end of the scale to live an austere lifestyle during wartime.
The following "They Say", has a more serious tone with mostly international news and was possibly written by a different reporter.
In contrast to the last "They Say" this edition was very local with much innuendo. Harry, Maude, Tom and Olive, if they were there real names, may have had a few questions to answer. Even if they were false names, Tyrendarra is so small that anyone at the local dance would have known who "Maudie" was. Pity any girl named Olive living in Portland during November 1917.
Why don't you check out your favourite newspaper at Trove for a "They Say" column. A search of "They Say" will bring to the top all the papers that ran the column. They make enjoyable reading.


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Two boys, ages 15 and 16, were ordered held on $750,000 bail today as police searched for a third suspect in the brutal beating and sexual assault of a Highland Park woman near the Congress Theater on New Year's Eve, officials say.
Terrance Ford, 15, and Aanwar Barbour, 16, appeared in bond court on charges of kidnapping, robbery and aggravated criminal sexual assault. Ford was wearing Homer Simpson pajamas, Barbour jeans and a black T-shirt. Both are charged as adults.
Barbour was arrested Monday at Oak Park and River Forest High School, where he is a student. Ford was arrested at his home on the Northwest Side of Chicago. The arrests were first reported by the Tribune this morning.
An arrest warrant has been issued for the third suspect, who is believed to be out of state, a police source said.
The Highland Park woman, 18, was sexually assaulted and beaten into a coma after she came to the city to attend a New Year's Eve performance at the Congress Theater by Rusko, an English producer of electronic dance music.
Prosecutors provided these details of the attack:
The woman had planned to attend the show at the Congress Theater but got separated from her friends and went into a restaurant across the street. She had been drinking and fell down in the vestibule and sat against a wall. Ford and Barbour saw that she was drunk and brought her to their table. They were soon joined by six other people.
Eventually they left the restaurant, Ford and Barbour supporting the woman as she walked. Ford had told the others that he planned to rob the woman and have sex with her. After sitting on the curb outside the restaurant, Ford and Barbour lifted the woman to her feet and walked to the corner of Rockwell Street and Milwaukee Avenue and leaned her against a fence.
They began fondling the woman and someone walked up and told them to stop. The woman fell to the ground and struck her head, which started to bleed. The two picked the woman up and took her down a side street, went through her purse, then carried her to a grass parkway in the 2100 block of North Rockwell, where she was assaulted.
"Witnesses near the scene saw several individuals standing in a semi-circle" during the assault, according to a document filed by prosecutors.
Video surveillance captured the suspects leading the woman out the door of a restaurant across the street from the theater, prosecutors said during the hearing. DNA evidence, including blood on Ford's boxer shorts, and witness accounts also linked them to the attack, police said.
Detectives determined that the other people in the group were not culpable in the attack and won't be charged, police said.
Both Barbour and Ford have previous records for minor offenses. Barbour was charged recently with resisting arrest, and Ford has a record of arrests for theft.
A woman at Barbour's home in Oak Park had no comment about the charges. "We're not making any statements right now," she said.
While the victim's family declined interviews, the young woman's father has said that his daughter is recovering nicely and that they are grateful for the community support.
Lisa Black contributed to this report.
email@example.com, email@example.com and email@example.com
Twitter: @ChicagoBreaking


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Last week, amidst the current upheaval of countries and people, and sandwiched in between the world's political circus, melting icebergs and the demands of my media-savvy clutch of children, I paused for thought. In my somewhat chaotic lifestyle two things happened to make me stop and wonder at the meaning of friendship. First, as can often happen, two people we had not seen for nearly a year came to dinner with their infectious smiles – it was as if we had seen each other every week and as is the way with best friends, the intervening months melted away within moments.
And then, days later, as I was still inwardly feeling the warmth of the immense pleasure that re-acquaintance offers, I met a couple who – over a three day visit – took a good few steps down that same path of friendship; it was as if they had always been in our lives, intertwined with our past, present and future. They were generous, sympathetic, interesting beyond belief and simply understanding of their world and ours; it did not take long to realise we were moving through life on the same plane of existence. They came to stay, and now have left, but already they have earmarked a date to return – I think and very much hope they will be part of our lives from now on.
We enjoyed dinners together, not lavish, stand on ceremony affairs but simple kitchen suppers shared with our children and as is so often the case, when the numbers swell it's easier to serve buffet style, because there simply isn't enough room on the table!
Friendship is a many-faceted precious stone, I think. From the mini-schoolday joy of shared candy, to the soulful attachment we can have with long-term partners.
I wonder, do men and women have very different types of friendships ?
There is something about the male psyche, where on the one hand they will tell no one that they are nearly dying of some delicate matter, yet exchange the intimacies of their life across a train carriage with a complete stranger. Women, on the other hand, seem to tend to take longer to develop trust but I believe a woman's close circle of friends may be larger than a man's. It's an understanding that fascinates me and I know there is a lot more to it.
Friendships can have so many different foundations. Roddy reminds me of this, where in a previous life aboard fishing boats day to day challenges meant everyone on board would save their fellow crewmen from injury or death on a regular basis, a happenstance rewarded by a casual pint of beer perhaps, at the end of the day, and an "I owe you one, thanks, mate". Such a gesture of manly gratitude for an indication that one has one's foot in a coil of rope that is going overboard fast is the sort of ingredient that perhaps a very male friendship may include. It is a different sort of relationship, but no less important, and as a result, Roddy has a handful of friends who he does not speak to for months, sometimes, years, and yet – when he does – a strand of conversation or thought is taken up as if nothing has happened during the interval.
The friendships in my life are manifold and varied, I must admit. I have people who I used to ride with, school friends I have known since we were six and people who I used to work with. There are many from my life alongside Roddy and friends I have made at the school gate, mothers together with our children in common.
Friends shop together; some buy clothes and shoes
and others go to a brocante in all weathers, braving the wind and rain searching for their joint interest of vintage treasures.
I have made friends at our local market and I love nothing more than to watch as people take the time to stand and talk always starting with the French traditional greeting, la bise, of course.
A friend is someone who tells you the truth; a friend is someone you can be laughing with one minute and debating something of life changing importance the next. Friendships can be made over a shared glass of wine and a long lazy lunch.
Some friends we see ever day or every week. Others might move abroad or to another part of the country. Long ago, the only way of staying in touch with someone like this was via long, lovingly written letters, that might take weeks to reach their destination but that were always cherished and reread several times. Perhaps they brought with them words of great happiness which gave joy to the reader, and so too I am sure there were pages delivering grief and sadness and much anguish for the recipient as they read each sentence.
Nowadays, of course, the written letter has to a large extent been over taken by emails and social media platforms. Whether you love these mediums of exchange or hate them, I say we should embrace them for what they offer – a wonderful way to stay in touch with friends and family, instantly around the world, in real time. And with video thrown in, it's as if we were in the next door room! But every now and then I like to send a card or a postcard, because there is still noting quite like the thrill of receiving a letter from a friend in the post.
Not every friendship has to be human on human. Many animals have very special relationships with one another, usually within the same species.
Although dogs and cats can often become best buddies, and I once had a horse who was almost inseparable from his best mate, a goat.
Dogs have proven themselves time and time again to be man's best friend; they can understand our moods, they can make us happy when we feel sad, and they will stick by us through thick and thin; they are more than just a companion and they are incredibly loyal. Some are purely pets, while others like sheepdogs have a place on the farm. Then there are the police dogs and sniffer dogs, and the guide dogs for the blind. Anyone who has ever loved a dog and lost a dog will feel a lump in their throats when they read my favourite poem, Rudyard Kipling's 'Four Feet'.
I have done mostly what most men do,
And pushed it out of my mind;
But I can't forget, if I wanted to,
Four-Feet trotting behind.
Day after day, the whole day through —
Wherever my road inclined —
Four-feet said, "I am coming with you!"
And trotted along behind.
Now I must go by some other round, —
Which I shall never find —
Somewhere that does not carry the sound
Of Four-Feet trotting behind.
For me it always brings a tear to my eye, wherever I go I nearly always have Evie by my side, I open the car door and she is in, joining me on the journey to school.
And I have another friend who is neither animal nor human, she is a country. France is my friend, she has welcomed me and my family with open arms. She has not criticised or judged my foreign accent. She is educating our children. She has made me feel as if I belong. It is a different sort of friendship, but just as important – for me, and for my family – for without it, we would not be here.


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The proud winners of the 89th Academy Awards Scientific and Technical Awards (Photo by Buckner/Variety/REX/Shutterstock).
Congratulations to the winners of the Technical Achievement awards!
Notable Winners
Larry Gritz for the design, implementation and dissemination of Open Shading Language (OSL).
Carl Ludwig, Eugene Troubetzkoy and Maurice van Swaaij for the pioneering development of the CGI Studio renderer at Blue Sky Studios. Remember Bunny?
Brian Whited for the design and development of the Meander drawing system at Walt Disney Animation Studios.
Parag Havaldar for the development of expression-based facial performance-capture technology at Sony Pictures Imageworks.
Nicholas Apostoloff and Geoff Wedig for the design and development of animation rig-based facial performance-capture systems at ImageMovers Digital and Digital Domain.
Kiran Bhat, Michael Koperwas, Brian Cantwell and Paige Warner for the design and development of the ILM facial performance-capture solving system.
Marcos Fajardo for the creative vision and original implementation of the Arnold Renderer, and Christopher Kulla, Alan King, Thiago Ize and Clifford Stein for their highly optimized geometry engine and novel ray-tracing algorithms which unify the rendering of curves, surfaces, volumetrics and subsurface scattering as developed at Sony Pictures Imageworks and Solid Angle SL.
Vladimir Koylazov for the original concept, design and implementation of V-Ray from Chaos Group.
Luca Fascione, J.P. Lewis and Iain Matthews for the design, engineering, and development of the FACETS facial performance capture and solving system at Weta Digital.
Congratulations to all the winners - it is with your hard work that together we advance the art.
"If you want to teach people a new way of thinking, don't bother trying to teach them. Instead, give them a tool, the use of which will lead to new ways of thinking."


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(CNN) – Mitt and Ann Romney took steps to pay more in taxes than he had to last year, despite the Republican nominee's previous statements suggesting he abhors the idea of paying more taxes than required.
According to an announcement by the campaign Friday, the Romneys could have had a lower tax rate than 14.1% in 2011 if they had claimed more of their charitable deductions–an amount that equaled 30% of their income. Romney made $13.7 million mostly off of investment income last year.
- Follow the Ticker on Twitter: @PoliticalTicker
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However, the Romneys only claimed 16% in charitable deductions, thus keeping their income tax rate higher, in order "to conform" to Romney's previous comments about his tax rate, the statement read Friday.
Speaking with reporters in South Carolina last month, Romney said he had never paid less than 13% over the last decade. While he had released an estimate for 2011 at the time, he did not release the completed return until Friday. The document showed he in fact paid 14.1% last year.
The Republican presidential nominee has faced intense criticism from Democrats and some Republicans who have called on Romney to release more than his 2011 and 2010 returns. Releasing the documents, they argued, would answer questions about the candidate's offshore accounts and tax history.
His move to limit his charitable deduction-and keep a higher rate of taxes-last year, however, seems to butt heads with statements the former Massachusetts governor has made regarding taxes.
"I don't pay more than are legally due and frankly if I had paid more than are legally due, I don't think I'd be qualified to become president," Romney told ABC News in July. "I'd think people would want me to follow the law and pay only what the tax code requires."
Earlier in the year, at a Republican primary debate in Tampa, Romney made a similar remark, criticizing the notion of paying more than owed.
"I pay all the taxes that are legally required and not a dollar more," Romney said, one day before he released his 2010 return. "I don't think you want someone as the candidate for president who pays more taxes than he owes."
To be fair, Romney did pay what he "legally owed" last year; he just kept his legal requirement lower than what it could have been.
Romney's campaign responded to the discrepancy, saying the candidate wanted to be "consistent" with his August comment.
"Gov. Romney has been clear that no American need pay more than he or she owes under the law. At the same time, he was in the unique position of having made a commitment to the public that his tax rate would be above 13%. He directed his preparers to ensure that he is consistent with that statement," a campaign official said in a statement.
- CNN Political Producer Rachel Streitfeld contributed to this report.
Romney tax returns: Why release them now?
To Mitt Romney and the Republican Teabaggers; The 47% along with the 53% Built This City on Rock & Roll and You Mr. Romney Tore It Down! And Like I Said Before. Former Governor Mitt Romney, Won't Become President of These United State!!
lol...guess mitt can't win no matter what he does
I still would like to see just 1 or 2 more tax returns. This one released today doesn't mean a thing to me in that he fixed it to so it could back up what he said. I would have had more respect for the man if he would have done it the way he always did. I am curious...just being nosy....was that $13 million the gross income or the final income after all the deductions and adjustments were made. @goodgrief....do some researching...you will find that China is NOT the largest holder of the US debt...however it is the largest of foreign countries. The largest holder is the Social Security Trust Fund.
more liberal rants of the unhinged variety.
obama and hillary are letting the muslim brotherhood take over the middle east
obama is letting the corrupt and extreme unions destroy the economy
and liberals are stuff on a tax statement
and Mitt is one of the 'job creators" that the GOP is trying to save from additional taxation. What jobs has Mitt created with his income this year? A few investment brokers, bankers, office personnel in the Cayman Islands, Swiss bankers, maybe some bankers in other countries, airplane pilot for private planes, support personnel for that plane, house maintenance personnel and landscape maintenance. Because, in America he has the right to squeeze the country, and the public, for everything that he can get...leverage...and profit from. The smart guys who play the game climb higher faster (it takes some curious perception of ethics) and get to a point where all that they climbed on top of and over to get there is seemingly unimportant. They are seemingly unimportant until they run for President, and then each and every American has the very same power that Mitt Romney has – one vote.
Use it,
The author another left-wing shill/apologist for Obama. No matter what Romney paid, the author and the other apologists would complain and otherwise continue to bash him. The story should be that, unlike Grinch/Tightwad/Scrooge Biden, Romney gave $4 million to charity last year and paid more than he was required to. I also like the comments from people saying ROMNEY will say anything to get elected. Please. Obama spent all of 2008 promising people the moon and otherwise saying whatever it took to get elected. Then he spent 2009, 2010 and 2011 reneging on every promise he made in 2008, and now he's back to promising people the moon and blaming everyone else but himself. So much for the presidential mantra of The Buck Stops Here.
The Question: Why NOW? For the same reason that Obama ignored those who kept clamoring for him to release his full birth certificate. Obama knew that there was no issue, and it was insulting to have to prove anything. I don't blame him, or Romney either for trying to keep focused on the real issues facing Americans.
CNN would do well not to try to put a negative spin on this. It's tiresome.
The number that stands out to me is charitalb deduction.
Obviously the Romneys are very chairitable people.
To me the question is should the Romnys or the federal government decide where they spend their dollars.
@r- you do know that the tax rate an actor pays on earned income is higher than what Mitt pays on his investment income, don't you? So your statement is wrong!
Bubba....if I made the kind of money Romney does, I'd give that kind to charity! donations are tax deductions...they make sense to do!!!!
No news of how he donated Millions to Charity. No news from CNN how Obama totally screwed up the middle east foreign policy. No news from CNN how we are now 16.3 TRILLION in debt, no news from CNN how Obama LIED. No news from CNN in fact for any truth regarding Obama. However CNN will tell you 10 stories a day about Romney and they will all be told in a negative way!. CNN is not news just mouth piece for Obama.
Here's my theory. He filed his taxes and they showed an effective tax rate of say 5 to 9%. Realizing that this was a political nightmare he refiled and manipulated his deductions to show he paid a higher rate. Next year he'll refile again and get the money back.
Hey Shirley....did you read about the Government bailout of Bain when Romney was running it? Did you know about the over $10million the FDIC which trickles down to the tax payers had to eat. Look it up! He's a business man alright....what kind you find out for yourself.
With Price Waterhouse issuing a statement that Romney payed his taxes for the last 20 years, can we have a little sit down with Harry Ried? He owes the Romneys an apology and the nation an explanation. He should also face charges of liable and step down from the senate.
I thought increasing the tax rate on the rich would cost Jobs. Since Romney paid more in taxes than he needed to, how many jobs did he just take away from americans? I though he was all about Jobs. shrug.
"Gov. Romney has been clear that no American need pay more than he or she owes under the law."
But if you're income is sufficiently low that you owe no tax under the law, you do not take personal responisiblity.
I'm glad to see here that everybody is an expert at tax law.
I hear some people saying that Mitt Romney's primary reason for giving to charity is to simply get a deduction. For somebody that earns mostly Capital Gains (only taxed at 15%), that doesn't seem like it would be worth it. So if I earn $100,000 in Capital Gains and give $30,000 of it to Charity, I get to keep $59,500 of my money instead of $85,000 if I hadn't given money to charity (that's ignoring other tax credits and deductions). I'm not convinced that anybody gives to charity simply for a tax deduction. Especially not in the amounts that Mitt Romney gives.
Even if you disagree with his politics, at least give him credit for his Charitable contributions. Of course, that would be rational thought, which many of you appear to not be capable of.
r - People like Bill Gates and obviously Steve Jobs isn't, or movie celebrities aren't running for president!! I'd be willing to guess that Mitt does make more than the celebrities do. Not many of them worth $200+million....


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Brewing beer at home is easily within the reach of just about everyone. You don't need any special skills to make beer; the process is really simple. If you can make macaroni and cheese or bake a cake, you can make beer. It's easy and safe, and legal in all but a few states. This guide, and the articles linked below, will walk you through each step in the process. You will find both simple instructions for beginners on making good beer, and more in-depth analysis and advanced techniques to help experienced brewers make great beer.
- 1 Overview of the Beer Brewing Process
- 2 Home Brewing Equipment
- 3 Home Brewing Step By Step
- 4 More information
Overview of the Beer Brewing Process
Brewing in a Nutshell
Beer, wine, cider, and mead are all made by the same fundamental process: fermentation. In fermentation, yeast is added to a sugar solution. The yeast eats the sugar and produces carbon dioxide and alcohol. The brewer's only jobs are to make the sugary solution and create the best possible conditions for the yeast to do their work.
In beer brewing, the sugar solution is called wort, and the sugars come primarily from malted barley and other grains. This solution is then boiled with hops, which add flavor and bitterness and act as a preservative, before the yeast is added and allowed to ferment.
That doesn't sound so hard, does it?
Brewing for Beginners
Brewing can be as complicated or as simple as you want it to be. Many homebrewers like to "geek out," getting very involved in the details of their beer. Others prefer a more laid-back, seat-of-the-pants approach. Whichever camp you fall into, though, it's probably a good idea to start out with a simple stovetop brew before moving on to a more advanced recipe.
The articles below are organized in ten steps. For each step, the accompanying article contains a section "For Beginners", which explains the basic procedures usually recommended for beginning home brewers. These procedures assume that you are brewing a recipe using malt extract and, optionally, steeping specialty grains, then performing a partial boil in a relatively small brew pot on a stovetop and fermenting in a plastic bucket fermenter. Don't worry; each of these terms is also explained in the appropriate section.
Keeping Log
The brewing process is a relatively lengthy one and besides the recipe many parameters along the way matter for the final result. Because of that a good brewer keeps notes on how a particular batch is prepared so he/she can fine-tune or trouble shoot it later.
The Ten Steps of Brewing
The beer brewing process can be summarized in ten easy steps:
- Preparing the Ingredients can be as simple as smacking a smack pack, or it can involve complicated questions of water chemistry.
- Cleaning and Sanitation are surprisingly important, which can intimidate beginners, but modern cleaning and sanitizing products make it easy.
- Making the Wort, as unfermented beer is called, can be done either by carefully extracting sugar from grain, or with malt extract, a kind of pre-made "instant wort".
- Boiling the Wort sterilizes the wort and also helps extract flavor, aroma and bitterness from the hops you add during the boil.
- Cooling, Racking, and Aerating are the steps needed to prepare the wort for fermentation.
- Pitching the Yeast is brewing jargon for adding the properly prepared yeast to the wort.
- Primary Fermentation is when the yeast changes the wort into beer.
- Conditioning the Beer involves optional extra steps to finish the fermentation and add character to your brew.
- Packaging and Carbonation in a bottle or keg will make your beer ready to drink.
- Finally, Dispensing and Serving your finished beer is what brewing is really all about.
Each step is explained briefly below, or follow the links to the main article on each subject for detailed information.
Home Brewing Equipment
These articles, and especially the "beginner" sections, assume that you have a basic home brewing "starter kit". These kits usually include:
- Medium-sized brew pot suitable for a partial boil
- Plastic bucket fermenter
- Plastic bottling bucket
- airlock
- Length of plastic tubing
- hydrometer
Specialized equipment needed for certain techniques or procedures will be described in the text, or you can visit the Beer equipment page for a more in-depth discussion.
Home Brewing Step By Step
Preparing the Ingredients
Before beginning to brew, make sure that you have gathered all of the ingredients you will need. Some ingredients, notably yeast, will also require some special preparation in advance of your brewing day.
Cleaning and Sanitation
There is one thing that the homebrewer must not ever forget: all around us (and especially on us!), there are invisible bacteria, germs, and stray yeast, and they would all like to get into your beer and infect it. It is important to give your yeast a head start on fermentation before any of these other organisms can take hold. The most important way you can do this is through careful cleaning and sanitation of your equipment.
Sanitation is more than simple cleaning; chemical sanitizers (or, less frequently, extreme heat) must be used to reduce microbial life beyond what you can accomplish with soap and water. See the main article on Cleaning and Sanitation for detailed information on cleaning and sanitizing processes, products, and equipment.
Making the Wort
The wort (pronounced "wert") is the sweet, sugary liquid that is fermented to produce beer. Wort can be made by mashing malted grains in water for specified times and temperatures. Mashing activates enzymes in the malt which convert starch into sugar. However, beginning homebrewers (and many more experienced homebrewers) can skip this step and begin brewing right away with pre-packaged malt extract, which is wort that has already been made and then concentrated for use by home and professional brewers.
Boiling the Wort
After the wort has been created or collected, it is boiled together with hops and sometimes other ingredients. Among other things, boiling breaks down hop oils allowing them to dissolve, resulting in the flavor, aroma and bitterness which will carry over into the finished beer, and sanitizes the wort to prepare it for fermentation.
Cooling, Racking, and Aerating
There are a few additional steps required to get the boiled wort ready for pitching:
- The wort must be cooled to a temperature just below the ideal fermentation temperature for the strain of yeast being used. The temperature will rise slightly as the fermentation process begins. It is important to cool the wort quickly to cause lipids and proteins in the wort to flocculate (cold break )and drop out of solution to prevent off flavors and result in good clarity in the finished beer.
- The wort must be transferred from the brew pot into the fermenter
- Enough oxygen must be introduced into the wort to allow for efficient fermentation. After pitching, yeast will reproduce until it uses up available oxygen and other nutrients. Adequate oxygen is necessary to achieve the proper yeast cell count for fermentation.
The main article on Cooling, Racking, and Aerating article explains why and how each of these intermediate steps is performed.
Pitching the Yeast
The term "pitching" refers to the rather simple act of adding yeast to the cooled wort. The specific steps you will need to follow will depend on whether you are pitching a new container of dry or liquid yeast, pitching yeast cultured from a commercial beer, or re-using yeast from a previous batch.
Primary Fermentation
Now you just have to provide the right environment and let the yeast do its work. This is where the wort becomes beer.
Conditioning the Beer
Once primary fermentation is complete, advanced home brewers may want to condition their beer through processes such as secondary fermentation, cold conditioning of ales or lagering, barrel aging, or krausening.
Packaging and Carbonation
Once all of the above steps are finished, you have beer...flat beer. Carbonation can come either from yeast and priming sugar or from a canister of compressed carbon dioxide, and the carbonation is normally done in the beer's final serving container, be that bottles, kegs, or casks. See the main Packaging and Carbonation article for details.
Dispensing and Serving
Finally, it's time to have a homebrew! Visit the Dispensing and Serving page for information on the best way to pour from a bottle-conditioned bottle, information on kegerators and other contraptions for serving draft beer, and information on tasting beer like a pro.
More information
More information on specific brewing steps, techniques, and practices can be found on this and other sites:
Common Problems and misconceptions
All of this may seem complicated to new brewers, and since brewing is an art as well as a science, it can be hard to tell at first when you've done everything right. New brewers will certainly have questions about the process; some will be answered by our list of Frequently Asked Questions.
External Links
- How To Brew by John Palmer, online version
- American Homebrewers Association
- Illustrated Brewing Processes
- Home Brew Bible
See also
See the categorized articles below for more detailed information on the brewing process.
This category has the following 2 subcategories, out of 2 total.
Pages in category "Beer brewing process"
The following 50 pages are in this category, out of 50 total.


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I was not joyed when Picker and Stealer wished to give newes.
They believed they could say whate'er they chose to all cats of their akwayntance. And none durst strike them a blow, because they fought as they spake. In turns.
Onix had told me they'd once attacked him at his own door, swearing he'd given them evil looks as they passed by.
No sooner had he kicked one off than the other sprang on him anew. He'd feared for his verie life.
But I'd wished for a Revel where all would speak free, so when Picker and Stealer came forward I sayt, "These witty sisters have friends in places high and low. They gather more newes in a sennight [week] than most can in a year. Lend them your ears."
"Or they'll tear them from your heads!" called a cat from the dark.
"I'll lend Stealer the tip of one," called another. "She has need of it."
"The cat that bit off hers has more need of a vomitive!" cried Onix, bold of a sudden.
"Friends," sayt I, "at this our Revel we may slander great folks. Yea, and great cats too. None shall be punished for it. So if you choose to spread the newes Picker and Stealer bring, I pray you name them not. Else everie paw might be turned against them, and they silenced forever."
Then I sat, hoping I'd took the winds of wickedness from those sisters' sails.
Even so, they sayt too much. And too little. Viz.
"We may be queens, but it's not in summer that we make our progress. Queen Puss used to set forth then, and eat her friends' estates bare.
"We make our circumambulation of this town in the Fasting Time at winter's end [Lent], but we eat well enough.
"For 'tis then that pigeons will risk all for a blackened crust, and fishwives cease to watch their wares when a friend comes with a cup of warm ale.
"Few ever chase us far, for fear they'll fall and brake a leg.
"First, we travelled eastward and passed beyond the Tower to learn the newes from the keys [quays].
"There we heard tell that the Hector was making readie for Constantinople. What pitie our Turkey friend here was not with us! He could be on his way home now.
"Aboard the Hector is a most ingenious gift for the Emperor of the Turks, because he's had nowt to cheer him since he strangled all his brothers.
"The weather came warm, so we turned from the river and went among the vasty fields where playhouses lie.
"Fancy, if you can, how mazed we were to find that one playhouse had fled our scene!
"A cat there sayt men came and carried it away. They have a plat to bear it over the river, and raise it anew on the south bank. Thievery!
"We slipped into the other playhouse, and stayed long enough to snap an oyster or four. The play was of some fool named Harry, as all fools are.
"That was not the onlie comedie we saw. By the Tower we watched London's Harry – we mean Lord Essex, for Lord Southampton is but his 'prentice – gather his soldiers before they made this town their stage.
"After we turned homeward we met a cat who lodges with the doctor of astrologick fame. Shall we tell you what the stars say of Essex?"
All spake at once then. Some called for more of the Turkey Emperor, others to know what the learned doctor had discovered.
I wished to hear more of the play, but kept that thought hid.
Instead, I sayt we would meet again on the morrow, when Picker and Stealer could answer all.
And to myself I vowed I'd slay them single or together before I'd yield my place as Mistress of the Revels.
Picker and Stealer got around, even if they didn't do the circumambulation they boasted of.
First eastward, possibly as far as Blackwall. Though certainly not as far as Gravesend, about 20 miles downriver, from where the Hector sailed for Constantinople in February 1599.
Next, back towards the Tower and Tower Hill where the Earl of Essex assembled his troop before the parade through London which Tricks and Onix saw. Then north to Shoreditch – still a rural area beyond the city wall – which had two playhouses, the Theatre and the Curtain. There they found the Theatre had disappeared. So on to the Curtain, where (Lent being over and the playhouse open) they may have seen a performance of Shakespeare's Henry V.
A major excursion for two cats, and it took them a couple of months.
As for the vanishing playhouse: James Burbage, who died in 1597 shortly after his Blackfriars project fell through, had owned the Theatre, which he'd built on leased land.
The Theatre closed when the lease expired, and the actors had temporary use of the Curtain.
James Burbage's sons Cuthbert and actor Richard, with the other actor/shareholders in the company (John Heminges, Will Kemp, Augustine Phillips, Thomas Pope, and William Shakespeare), leased some land across the river in Southwark.
The Burbage brothers then invited the actors to help finance the new playhouse they planned to build, in return for a share of the box-office profits. It was built from the materials taken from the Theatre.
Nowadays the replica playhouse in Southwark is called Shakespeare's Globe, but I can't help thinking it should be known as Burbages'.


text:
The ancient tradition of tantra yoga is the ultimate science of fulfillment. Illuminating both the path of self-knowledge and the path of becoming the person you were meant to be, the teachings provide a roadmap to uncover your soul's call to greatness and to unlock your capacity to achieve it. In this lecture Rod discusses his new book, The Four Desires and outlines the keys to fulfilling your worldly and spiritual potential, achieving your ultimate destiny, the science of transforming thought into form, and the keys to finding and fulfilling your dharma.
Rod Stryker is the founder of ParaYoga and widely considered one of the country's leading yoga and meditation teachers. He has taught yoga for nearly 30 years and leads retreats, workshops, and trainings worldwide.
For more info please visit: www.rodstryker.com.


text:
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Five years ago, Spencer Krug was slaying dragons. Creating albums of wild imaginative scope, he melded dreams, religion and fantasy into epic musical frameworks, layered with metaphors. But working more recently under the moniker of Moonface, Krug has refined his style towards simplicity; exposing more of himself through increasingly straightforward approaches.
This process reached a culmination in last year's piano-and-voice album Julia With Blue Jeans On, revealing a brand new facet of Krug's creativity; moving from the otherworldly to the grounded.
"These songs share common themes of love, self-acceptance, acceptance of others, the idea of home, the idea of forgiveness" Krug tells me, acknowledging this shift in his albums' tone. "In general, it's a more optimistic thing than I've ever done before"
"I think the way I've been writing songs for the last couple of years has been slowly steering in the direction of using more streamlined and simplified language, less fantastical metaphors. I'm trying to just embrace that and not fight it, and just go with those impulses"
The piano-and-voice arrangements of Julia With Blue Jeans On lend themselves to vulnerable, direct lyricism. It gives the words more space to reach the listener, and sheds the weight of his typically highly wrought textures. But for Krug, the move to piano was more circumstantial than purposeful. "It was just the next obvious thing to do", he shrugs.
"I bought a piano last year, just to get through the Helsinki winter… Instantly, little riffs and songs started coming out. That's how I play an instrument – I just write stuff on it. After about three or four mostly finished songs had worked their way out, it seemed to make sense to make a piano album, and make a solo album I could tour by myself"
In spite of how Krug grounds the album's origins in happenstance, it's difficult not to hear Julia as a reaction to the restless energy of his rock outfits, and the process of compromise which comes with performing as a band. "Moonface in general might be a reaction to Sunset Rubdown and Wolf Parade, having to work within the set parameters of a band", he concedes, "That got frustrating after a while. That's why I started Moonface, to have an outlet without a set of rules"
It's the creative liberation of the Moonface project which led to this album. "I'm allowing myself to work on whatever I'm excited about that day or that year; not to feel this obligation to stay with the same sound, or to work with the same people", Krug explains. "I tend to have a very short attention span. Once I'm done with one set of instruments, I want to move on to something new"
On this record, Krug tasked himself with creating a record completely live, for the very first time. "I got really into the challenge of trying to make arrangements which were worth hearing, and still engaging, with just one instrument and one voice", he says. "I've made solo albums before, but I've never made one which was recorded completely live, with no overdubs. I got excited by that idea: the challenge of seeing what I could do with my two hands and my one voice"
This approach of simplicity is in stark contrast to the style of song writing for which Krug became known. His earlier LPs were thorny messes of restless sound and tottering structures; cramming in more musical ideas per song than some artists manage in an album. But Krug surprises me by admitting without hesitation that "I have slowly grown to hate that style of song writing, that schizophrenic, unfocussed, frenzy"
"It's something at one point in my life I was really into", he continues, "but if I ever hear it back now I feel it lacks a lot of soul, and heart. It never wants to commit to one thing, and it never really has to answer for itself. Whereas these piano songs, the album and the songs themselves; they are focused and they are exposed, and honest, and a little bit vulnerable"
But for all of Krug's talk about moving towards what he sees as a more mature approach to song writing, what ultimately comes across above all else is the pleasure he's getting from just playing the piano, alone.
"It's emotionally therapeutic and physically cathartic too", he says, drifting into wistful lyricism. "You really get to lay into it. It's such a cool instrument – it's so honest, and true. The harder you hit it, the louder it gets. And there's no limit to that: if you can hit it hard enough, it'll get louder; if you can play it softly enough, it'll get quieter. I love that physicality of it. And if I was on stage with a piano and even just a string player, those sort of dynamics would become less available to me. But when I'm alone, I'm in full control of the music, and full control of the moment. It's exhilarating"
The contentment which Krug gets from the piano is evident to hear in Julia With Blue Jeans On – arguably Krug's most tightly unified and emotionally relatable album to date. Written "for the piano on the piano… over the same few months last winter", the songs unfurl like fragmented reflections on interconnected themes, all centered around the nucleus of the album's gorgeously simple titular image: Julia with blue jeans on, framed by the space of silence. "This one feels more personal, and more rewarding emotionally", Krug agrees.
Contrasting his new solo performances with his recent touring life, he explains that "sometimes you're on stage with a rock band, swigging on Jameson with a bunch of dirtbags, and you feel like what you're doing is juvenile. Because it is. Music is kind of vain and juvenile, most of the time, including everything I do… But with these piano songs, I don't feel those things. I can play them on stage and think 'I'm a decent person'"
Considering the comfort which Krug gets from the nakedness of the material and the honesty of his performance, I end our conversation by asking why he released these songs under the name of Moonface, rather than his own.
"There was discussion with the label about this record just being Spencer Krug and I entertained the idea for a couple of weeks", Krug replies, "but… I like performing with an alter ego, still. It gives me a little more emotional space and freedom to sometimes – rarely, not very often – be a performer, and not just a person"
For all the layers he's stripped during the creation of Julia With Blue Jeans On, he apparently has more to expose before standing before an audience simply as Spencer Krug. And with the promise of new piano-and-voice material in development, this provokes keen anticipation for what he might offer us next, as he continues to move away from the frenzy of his abandoned rock outfits, and grows into this new phase of focused, artistic maturity.
Moonface plays the Elgar Room at the Royal Albert Hall on 27th January 2014. Tickets and more information available here