text:
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Chapter XXIV.
Visit of Schuyler Colfax Godbe's Interview With President Grant Governor Shaffer Military Riot at Provo Governor Woods Judge Mckean Burlesque of Justice Arrest of Brigham Young and Others George Q. Cannon Chosen Delegate Axtell's Administration Governor Emery Death of Brigham His Obsequies His Character His Will.
"Will Brigham Young fight?" inquired Schuyler Colfax of Elder Stenhouse, during his sojourn at Salt Lake City in 1869.1 "For God's sake. Mr Colfax." answered the elder, "keep the United States off. If the govermnent interferes and sends troops, you will spoil the opportunity, and drive the thousands back into the arms of Brigham Young who are ready to rebel against the one-man power. Leave the elders alone to solve their own problems. We can do it; the government cannot." But with the exception of Abraham Lincoln, none of the presidents were of the opinion that it was best to leave the Mormons alone. At this date there is little doubt that Grant was resolved on the suppression of polygamy, even if need be at the cost of war. Meanwhile the famous Cullom
1Colfax also visited Utah in 1865. For reception and purpose of visit, see Richardson's Beyond the Miss., 345-6, 348-9; Bowles' Our New West, 203-4; Tullidge's Life of Brigham Young, 355-8; Stenhouse's Rocky Mountain Saints, 613-15. For speech of Colfax, in 1869, in which, probably, the sentence most acceptable to the Mormons was the concluding line, 'I bid you all good night and good by.' see The Mormon Question (S. L. City, 1870), wherein is also a reply by John Taylor, an article on the Mormon question by the vice-president, published in the New York Independent, and a rejoinder by Taylor.
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anti-polygamy bill2 was before the representatives, and the honorable Thomas Fitch was amusing congress with his speeches on the prospect of another Mormon war.3 Early in 1870 mass-meetings were held at the tabernacle, by men and women, to protest against the bill, and to draw up a remonstrance against its provisions. A memorial was also prepared and forwarded to congress, setting forth the revelation on polygamy and the duties of the Mormon church in that connection, wherein it was declared that the church would stand by its faith and polygamy institutions in spite of all human will and law.4 During this year, also, an act was passed by the territorial legislature, granting the right of suffrage to women, but the measure subsequently adopted in Wyoming and elsewhere seemed to be in advance of the times,5 or was in some way unpopular, and little use has ever been made of the privilege.6
Among those who realized the danger of the situation were the leaders of the Godbeite movement, who well knew that, in the event of another Mormon war, the dramatic farce of Buchanan's administration could not be reinacted, and that if the United States government again entered into the controversy, it would never withdraw from it until it had cut with its sword the Gordian knot of Mormonism.
2For debate and amendments when the bill passed the representatives, see Cong. Globe, 1869-70, 2180-1.
3For career of Thomas Fitch in Utah, see Elliott & Co.'s Hist. Arizona, 289.
4For copy of memorial and resolutions, see Sen. Misc. Doc., 41st Cong. 2d Sess., no. 112, The Utah Bill, 33-40, wherein is a speech by delegate W. H. Hooper, delivered before the representatives March 23, 1870, and published in pamphlet form, as was also the speech of Aaron H. Cragin before the senate, May 18, 1870, the two forming nos. 4 and 5 in Utah Pamphlets, Political. The memorial and resolutions were referred to a committee which of course reported adversely. H. Corn. Rept, 41st Cong. 2d Sess., i. no. 21.
5Woods' Recollections, MS., 67. See, for report in favor of female suffrage, Utah Jour. Legisl., 1870, 81-2; for act granting right of suffrage, Utah Acts Legisl., 1870, p. 8; Utah Pamphlets, Polit., no. 14, 8; Deseret News, Feb. 16, 1870.
6At the municipal election held two days after the passage of the act only a few of the women voted, the first one being Seraph Young, a niece of the president. Tullidge's Women, 498.
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Already the apostles had declared their intention of laying the settlements of Utah in ashes and leading their people in another exodus; but an effort was made to save them, and from a source somewhat unexpected. It was resolved by the leaders of the Godbeite faction that William Godbe should proceed to Washington and state to the president the true condition of affairs. "Mr Godbe," remarked the latter, after listening to his arguments, "I am as solicitous as you can possibly be to preserve the Mormon people;" and then he declared that he would save them from their leaders by checkmating their policy. During his visit Godbe also sought an interview with Cullom, and discussed with him the provisions of the bill, section by section, pleading his cause with such warmth and earnestness that all the animus of the congressman gave way, and the bill was not brought up for action in the senate. The substance of the policy recommended by the emissary of the liberal party in Utah was to establish over Utah a firm and efficient federal rule, rather than resort to special legislation or armed interference; and in these views the president heartily concurred.
J. Wilson Shaffer of Illinois, an old comrade of Rawlins, then secretary of war, was the man selected for the occasion, and on the resignation of Durkee, was appointed in his stead.7 At this time Shaffer was suffering from an incurable disease, and knew that he had but a few months to live. Nevertheless he accepted office as a trust from the president. "Never after me," he declared, "shall it be said that Brigham Young is governor of Utah." On the 15th of September, 1870, the annual muster of the Nauvoo legion being then at hand, he issued a proclamation forbidding all musters, drills, or gatherings of the militia, and all gatherings of armed persons of whatever
7The interregnum between Durkee's resignation and the arrival of Shaffer was filled by secretaries Edwin Higgins and S. A. Mann, to the latter of whom the women of Utah tendered their thanks for signing the female-suffrage bill. See Deseret News, March 2, 1870. For complimentary resolutions from legislature, see Utah Jour. Legisl., 1870, 183.
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description, except as a posse comitatus ordered forth by himself or by the United States marshal.8
After some correspondence with General Wells, the musters in the various districts were postponed until further notice, by command of the latter, though they had been regularly held for eighteen years, and returns duly made, in accordance with an act of congress approved in 1803. In 1870 the militia, which has never since been assembled, included about 13,000 men, most of them efficiently armed, drilled, and equipped, while the United States troops stationed at Camp Douglas, Camp Rawlins in Utah county, and elsewhere in the territory, numbered only a few hundred.9
The proclamation was ill-advised, and for what purpose it was issued, save as a puerile expression of the
8For copy of proclamation, see Millennial Star, xxxii. 668; Smith's Rise, Progress, and Travels, 63.
9In 1875 the U.S. government called for bids for the rebuilding of Camp Douglas, or as it is now termed, Fort Douglas. The contract was awarded to the Watson Brothers. For description of buildings, see Surgeon-Gen. Circ. 8, 1875, 332-46. In 1872 a military post was established near Beaver City. For reasons and descriptions, see H. Ex. Doc., 42d Cong. 2d Sess., xv. 285; Sen. Doc., 42d Cong. 2d Sess., i. 12. For list of military reservations in 1882, see H. Ex. Doc., 47th Cong. 2d Sess., xviii. no. 45, p. 1181. For military organization for protection against Indians in Cache county in 1859-76, see Tullidge's Mag., ii. 122-31. For Indian raid on Kanarra, Iron co., see Utah Hand-book of References, 81; for Indian depredations in 1870, Utah Co. Sketches, MS., 78-80; S. F. Bulletin, June 30, July 6, 8, 1870; for troubles in San Juan co. on account of miners' encroachments, H. Ex. Doc., 43d Cong. 1st Sess., xii. pt 2, p. 193; Ind. Aff. Rept, 1872, p. 93; Sacramento Union, Oct. 1, 1872; S. L. C. Tribune, Sept. 14, 1872; Deseret News, Sept. 25, 1872. A brief report on the condition of Indians at this date, with statistics, will be found in U. S. H. Com. Rept, 42d Cong. 3d Sess., 365-72, 246-56, 325-6, 414-58. For remarks on the condition, management, and wants of Indians in 1872, see Wheeler's Surveys, Progress Rept, 1872; H. Ex. Doc., 43d Cong. 1st Sess., xii. no. 157; for condition and treatment of Indians on reservation in 1873-4, Sen. Doc. 43d Cong. 1st Sess., no. 42; Ind. Aff. Rept, 1874, 3-4, 52-3, 104-79, 270-1, 276-7; for Indian uprising at Corinne in 1875, S. F. Chronicle, Aug. 2, 3, 12, 1875, Sept. l, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 17, 1875; for cause, Id., Sept. 6, 1875; for Indian outbreak in 1875, S. F. Alta, Aug. 11, 1875; Chico (Butte) Record, Sept. 4, 1875. Reports of agents on reservation Indians in 1876-7 will be found in H. Ex. Doc., 45th Cong. 2d Sess., viii. 550-60, 577-82. 642-62, 677-717. In 1878 congress paid to Ben Holladay $526,789 for property destroyed by Indians and losses sustained by change of mail-route. Portland Oregonian, June 21, 1878. For Indian troubles in 1879, see Or. Deutsche Zeitung, Oct. 25, 1879; in 1881, Deseret News, July 6, 1881; for information relating to Indian tribes and reservations in 1881-2, see H. Ex. Doc., 47th Cong. 1st Sess., x. 327, 344. For acts concerning Indians in 1882, see Utah Laws, 1882, pp. 32, 40. In August 1884 Gov. Murray made a requisition for troops to protect citizens against Utes. S. L. C. Tribune, Aug. 14, 1884.
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governor's authority, does not appear. The result, however, was most unfortunate; for the soldiery, among whom discipline appears to have been somewhat lax at this period, now supposed themselves masters of the situation. At midnight on the 23d of September a party of forty or fifty men from Camp Rawlins entered the town of Provo, armed with needle-guns, bayonets, and revolvers, and crazed with whiskey. Surrounding the residence of Alderman W. Miller, they fired several shots into his bedroom window, smashed in his doors, and dragged him from his chamber. Thence passing up Centre street, they tore down the sign and stove in the doors of the coöperative store, and then proceeded to the house of Councillor A. F. McDonald, which they completely demolished, scattering its contents on the sidewalk. After some further outrages, as parading defenceless citizens through the streets, beating them with rifles and pricking them with bayonets, yelling, meanwhile, as they passed along the thoroughfares, "Come out, you God damned Mormons and Mountain Meadows massacreers," they returned to camp.10
The only provocation for this disturbance appears to have been the fact that Miller refused to grant the soldiers, at their own terms, the use of a hall in which to hold a social gathering, and that the bishops had counselled the people of their wards, and especially the young women, not to hold intercourse with them. An effort was made to bring the offenders to justice, but, as during the administration of Governor Cumming, there was no harmony between the chief magistrate and the commander of the forces. After waiting several days for action to be taken by the military, Shaffer despatched to General De Trobriand, at Camp Douglas, a letter, in which he stated that if the soldiery could not be restrained, it were better for
10A despatch from A. O. Smoot, mayor of Provo, giving an account of the outrage, together with the depositions of the injured parties, will be found in the Deseret News, Sept. 28, 1870.
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the territory to be left to itself. To this the general replied that he was perfectly agreed; that it would be the best thing for all if the territory, its governor, legislature, municipalities, and militia, were left to themselves; and that if the troops had also been left alone, instead of being poisoned physically with bad whiskey and morally with bad influences, there would have been no trouble with them. Both letters were published in the Deseret News,11 and of course drew forth much comment from the saints, who were probably of opinion that, if the soldiers had such proclivities, it was at least the business of their commanding officer to restrain them.
No further incident remains to be chronicled as to the career of Governor Shaffer, whose decease occurred in October 1870,12 his successor being Vernon H. Vaughan,13 a mild and conservative ruler, concerning whose brief administration there is nothing worthy of record.14 To him succeeded George L. Woods, a Missourian by birth, a pronounced anti-Mormon, and one who, as a ferryman in Idaho,15 and judge and politician in eastern Oregon, had accumulated and lost a considerable fortune. He was a man who, though by no means of the highest and purest morality himself, was, it seems, exceedingly jealous
11Of Oct. 5, 1870, and also in the Deseret Evening News, the publication of which will be mentioned later. De Trobriand states that, as there was no organization of military districts in the department of the Platte (which included Utah), the commanders of the several posts must communicate with the department headquarters, and that as soon as he received the requisite authority he proceeded to Provo and held an investigation. His letter is extremely insulting and indecorous.
12On the 24th of this month Wm H. McKay, with whom the governor had resided, and two others, robbed the U.S. mail about 100 miles south of S. L. City, in Juab co. They were captured the next day, and McKay was sentenced to five years' imprisonment. This was the first mail-coach robbery in Utah. Smith's Rise, Progress, and Travels, 64. For argument between J. P. Newman and Orson Pratt at the tabernacle on the polygamy question during the autumn of this year, see Millennial Star, xxxii. 599-604, passim.
13Shaffer's secretary, and about a month after his decease appointed governor. Geo. A. Black, secretary to Woods, was also acting governor in 1871. Paul's Utah Incidents, MS.; Harrison's Crit. Notes on Utah, MS.
14Harrison's Crit. Notes on Utah, MS., 32.
15At Lewiston, where he and his two partners made from $250 to $300 a day. Woods' Recoll., MS., 3.
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for the morality of the nation. On the 10th of March, 1871, Woods took the oath of office, and about six weeks later arrived at Salt Lake City, James B. McKean of New York being appointed about this date chief justice, with C. M. Hawley of Illinois and O. F. Strickland of Michigan as associate judges.16
The administration of Governor Woods lasted for about four years, but during that period he sought no opportunity of making the acquaintance of Brigham Young. When invited by the first councillor to call, as had been the custom with his predecessors,17 he replied that the lowest subordinate in the United States ranked higher than any ecclesiastic on earth, and that he should not call until the president first called on him. The reader may judge the chief magistrate by his own words. "My first conflict with the church occurred," he says, "July 4, 1871. The organic act of the territory made the governor commander-in-chief of the militia. The Mormon legislature, prior to that time, usurped that authority, and invested it in Daniel H. Wells, the third in the church. (They had a pantomime, in which B. Young played God the Father, Daniel H. Wells God the Son, and John H. Smith the Holy Ghost.) That law was in force on my arrival. On July 1, 1871, Wells issued an order as commander-in-chief to the militia of the territory to assemble at Salt Lake City July 4th to participate in the celebration. I resented this usurpation, and forbade them to assemble, but my prohibition was disregarded. Thereupon I ordered to the rendezvous three companies of infantry, one of cavalry, and a battery of artillery, and dispersed them at the point of the bayonet. This practically ended the Nauvoo legion. Immediately thereafter,
16Chas C. Wilson succeeded Titus as chief justice. Harrison's Crit. Notes on Utah, MS. Geo. C. Bates, who in 1870 succeeded C. H. Hempstead, appointed in 1868, was now district attorney. For his argument in the Baker habeas corpus case on the jurisdiction of probate courts, see Utah Pamphlets, Political, no. 12. A list of federal officials between 1851 and 1884 is given in Utah Gazetteer, 254-8.
17With the exception of Shaffer. Woods' Recoll., MS., 45.
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by concerted action of the federal officials, an effort was made to punish judicially the church criminals."18
The governor was ably seconded by the chief justice. In October Brigham Young, George Q. Cannon, and others were arrested for lascivious cohabitation. Motion made to quash the indictment was overruled by McKean; "for," he remarked, "while the case at bar is called the people versus Brigham Young, its other and real title is Federal Authority versus Polygamic Theocracy." In the indictment were sixteen counts, extending back to the year 1854, thus attempting to give an ex post facto interpretation to the act of 1862. The president's health was feeble at this time, and on the application of his attorney, a continuance was granted until the March term. One Thomas Hawkins, however, was convicted during this term, on the evidence of his first or legal wife, sentenced under this act to three years' imprisonment with hard labor, and fined $500. But the severest portion of the sentence was the homily. "Thomas Hawkins," commenced the chief justice, "I am sorry for youvery sorry. You may not think so now, but I shall try to make you think so by the mercy which I shall show you The law gives me large discretion in passing sentence upon you. I might both fine and imprison you, or I might fine you only or imprison you only It is right that you should be fined, among other reasons to help to defray the expense of enforcing the laws."19
Two or three days before sentence was passed on Hawkins, this being of course a test case, Daniel H. Wells and Hosea Stout were arrested on a charge of murder, Brigham Young, William H. Kimball, and others being indicted on a similar charge.20 Wells
18Id., 46-7.
19Deseret News, Nov. 1, 1871. For adverse comments of the press on the Hawkins case, see Austin Reese River Reveillé, Carson Daily Register, Sacramento Reporter, Omaha Alta, in Millennial Star, xxxiii. 764-5. In Townsend's Mormon Trials is an impartial account of McKean's anti-Mormon crusade.
20Wells and Stout were arrested for the murder of Rich. Yates, at the mouth of Echo cañon; Young, Kimball, Wm A. Hickman, O. P. Rockwell, (cont.)
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was admitted to bail,21 Stout and Kimball were handed over to the authorities at Camp Douglas, and Brigham, hearing that his case was set for the 8th of January, 1872, immediately set out from southern Utah, where he was sojourning, and travelling over 350 miles of mountainous country in midwinter, delivered himself into custody. He was placed in charge of the marshal, bail being refused even in the sum of $500,000, and detained a prisoner in his own house, until discharged on the 25th of April, by Justice White, on a writ of habeas corpus.22
In sore disgust, the people of Utah adopted yet another constitution, which was forwarded to congress, together with a memorial for admission as a state, but without result.23 A bill was passed appropriating $50,000 toward the expenses of the constitutional convention, but was vetoed by the governor, who gave, among other reasons, the open violation of the act of 1862, and the crimes committed against law and public decency in the name of religion.24 So far, indeed, did the governor push his privilege, that he insisted even on nominating the territorial librarian and the superintendent of common schools.25
Meanwhile the condition of affairs in the superior courts of Utah was simply lamentable. During a
(20cont.) G. D. Grant, and Simon Dutton, for the murder of a man named Buck, at Warm Springs. Woods' Recoll., MS., 47; Millennial Star, xxxiii. 744, 808-9.
21The prosecuting attorney asked that the bail fixed at $500;000, but the judge said he would be satisfied with two sureties each of $50,000. Deseret News, Nov. 1, 1871.
22Millennial Star, xxxvii. 788-91. In the case of Clinton et al. vs Englebrecht et al., the judgment rendered for $60,000 against the municipal officers of S. L. City it for suppressing an unlicensed liquor store was reversed by the supreme court. Millennial Star, xxxiv. 296. For grounds, see Smith's Rise, Progress, and Travels, 68-9. This decision annulled indictments against more than 120 persons.
23A copy of the memorial and constitution is contained in Utah Pamphlets, Political, no. 8. See also Deseret News, March 6, 1872; House Misc. Doc., 42d Cong. 2d Sess., iii. no. 165. For counter-petitions, see Id., iv. no. 208; Sen. Misc. Doc., 42d Cong. 2d Sess., ii. no. 118.
24Woods' Recoll., MS., 50; Millennial Star, xxxiv. 117-80; Deseret News, Jan. 31, 1872; House Misc. Doc., 42d Cong. 2d Sess., iii. no. 155; Utah Jour. Legisl., 1872, pp. 85-7. For resolution censuring veto, and in favor of convention and election of delegates, see Id., 1872, pp. 104-5.
25Utah Jour. Legisl., 1872, p. 36.
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portion of McKean's term of office there were no funds wherewith to defray expenses, and the so-called administration of justice was openly burlesqued. In 1872 the removal of the chief justice was urged by the legislature.26 This was not yet to be; but after some further judicial blunders,27 he was finally superseded in March 1875 by David T. Lowe.28
For ten years William H. Hooper had been delegate to congress, and was in need of rest. He had done his duty faithfully; more acceptably, perhaps, to members of congress than any of his predecessors, and it was no easy task to fill his place. George Q. Cannon was the man selected, although an apostle and a practical polygamist. The election of Cannon was contested by George R. Maxwell, registrar of the land-offlce,29 who in 1870 had received a few hundred votes, as against 26,000 in favor of Hooper; but in that year and again in 1874 had no well-grounded hope of success, save his reliance on popular prejudice. At the first session of the forty-third congress he prevailed on one of the members from New York to introduce a resolution embodying a number of charges against the apostle. The reading of his certificate was then demanded, in which it appeared that he had a majority of 20,000 votes, and thereupon he was admitted.30
26Utah Jour. Legisl., 1872, p. 231.
27In his charge to the grand jury, October term, 1874, MeKean, after quoting Montesquieu, 'I shall first examine the relation which laws have to the nature and principle of each government,' 'and if I can but once establish it, the laws will soon appear to flow from thence as from their source,' stigmatizes the Mormons in more vile and insulting phrase than had been used even by judges Brocchus and Drummond. See Deseret News, Oct. 14, 1874; Millennial Star, xxxiii. 550.
28Harrison's Crit. Notes on Utah, MS., 38. See, for opinions of press on McKean's removal, Millennial Star, xxxvii. 282-5; for message of the president on judicial administration in Utah, Sen. Doc., 42d Cong. 3d Sess., no. 44; for act in relation to judiciary, House Ex. Doc., 46th Cong. 3d Sess., xxvi. 997.
29Maxwell entered the union army when 17 years of age, and at 21 was a brigadier-general. During the war he had both legs broken, his right arm fractured, lost three fingers of his left hand by a sabre-cut, and had his collarbone broken by grape-shot, besides receiving several flesh wounds. Woods' Recollections, MS., 39-49.
30For further particulars as to the Cannon-Maxwcel contest, see House Misc. (cont.)
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The contest between Cannon and Maxwell was sharp but decisive, a thorough canvass being made by the latter, and its results showing how completely the saints were in unison with their church leaders. Many persons could have been found better qualified than the apostle, notwithstanding his great ability, but Brigham had so willed it. At this election, if we can believe the chief magistrate, freedom of speech was first used in Utah, and by Governor Woods. Here as on other occasions31 he intermeddled, playing
(30cont.) Doc., 43d Cong. 1st Sess., no. 49; House Com. Rept, 43d Cong. 1st Sess., 484; Argument of Halbert E. Paine, in Utah Pamphlets, Political, no. 13; Millennial Star, 99-100, 104-6; Paddock's La Tour, 292; S. L. C. Tribune, Nov. 30, 1872. In 1867 Hooper's election was disputed by William McGrorty. For papers in the case, see House Misc. Doc., 40th Cong. 2d Sess., no. 35; for comments, Deseret News, May 27, 1868. At the opening of the 44th congress Cannon's seat was also disputed by a man named Baskin.
William H. Hooper was born at the old homestead known as Warwick Manor, Eastern Shore, Md, in 1813, his father, who died during William's infancy being of English descent, and his mother of Scotch extraction. When 14 years of age he obtained a position in a store; and from this beginning rose step by step, until in 1836 we find him a member of a leading commercial firm at Galena, Ill. During the crash of 1838 the firm suspended, their debts, amounting to $200,000, being afterward paid in full. In 1850 he moved to Salt Lake City under engagement to Messrs Holliday & Warner, commencing business on his own account some four years later. In 1856 he was temporarily appointed secretary of the territory after the death of Almon W. Babbitt, and in 1859, as we have seen, was chosen delegate for Utah at the 36th congress, serving in the same capacity during the 39th, 40th, and 41st congresses. In 1808 Mr Hooper was appointed a director of Zion's Coöperative Mercantile Institution, and in 1877 became its president, retaining that position until his decease at the close of 1882. For further particulars, see Tullidge's Mag., i. 369-85, 427-30; Contributor, iv. 184-6, suppl. 25-7; Beadle's Western Wilds, 91-2; Deseret News, Feb. 8, 1860. Hooper was an able speaker, terse, to the point, and forensic. 'If,' he replied in answer to a memorial of the Salt Lake gentile lawyers, 'congress declined to enact a law that would have enabled Chief Justice Chase to pick out a jury that should convict Jefferson Davis of treason, ought it now to enable Chief Justice McKean to pick out a jury to convict Brigham Young of polygamy? It seems to me that the law would be a greater offence against the spirit of democratic republican institutions than is the existence of the evil thus sought to be reached.'
31In consequence of the military riot above mentioned, the police were instructed to arrest disorderly or drunken soldiers on slight provocation, and fine them or put them to work in chain-gangs. After protesting without avail, Woods reported the matter to the war department, and thereupon a general order was issued to the commanders of military posts, instructing them not to allow the arrest of their men except for violation of the known laws of the land. Soon afterward a soldier was arrested on a trifling charge, whereat, his release being refused, the governor proceeded to the jail with Major Gordon and a detachment of troops, knocked out the wall with a battering-ram, and 'amid hurrahs for the American flag, set the prisoner free.' Woods' Recoll., MS., 53-5.
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the part rather of a sergeant of militia than of a ruler. A woman who appeared at the polls and offered her ballot was refused, and insisting on her privilege, was removed by the police, by order of Jeter Clinton, judge of election. Woods protested, whereupon Clinton threatened to arrest him, but after an unseemly altercation, the latter, according to the governor's account, narrowly escaping being lynched by the gentiles, was dragged fainting by the chief magistrate into a gentile store, while the life of Woods was also threatened by the Mormons. The matter was settled without bloodshed.32 What business the chief magistrate had at the polls he does not explain, though he closed the proceedings by a defiance of the Mormons and their threats, while illustrating what he considered freedom of speech in phrase which contained at least considerable freedom of language.
At the close of 1874 Woods retired from office,33 his successor being S. B. Axtell of California, whose policy brought on him the censure of the gentile press, by which he was accused of complicity with the Mormon leaders in their political and other designs.34 He was removed in June 1875, his successor being George B. Emery of Tennessee, who held office until January 1880. Emery's policy was strictly neutral,
32Id., 55-9.
33See for the memorial presented by the gentiles, setting forth the immorality and despotism of the Mormons and the insecurity of life among the gentiles, House Misc. Doc., 43d Cong. 1st Sess., no. 120; for opinion of various newspapers on the Mormon question, Deseret News, Jan. 17, 1872; for denial by gentile merchants of the disturbed condition of affairs, as alleged in various newspapers, Id., May 8, 1872. In 1867, and again during the administration of Woods, it was proposed to annex Utah to Nevada without consulting much the wishes of either. For reports of committee of the senate of Nevada on the matter, see Nev. Jour. Ass., 1867, 183-4, 195-7; Nev. Jour. Sen., 1871, 160-2; Millennial Star, xxxiii. 161-2.
Samuel Paul, a native of Londonderry, Ireland, who served for four years as a volunteer during the war, and came to Utah in 1865, says that while the Mormons would render no assistance to the governor or his so-called ring, he was well treated in all the settlements which he visited. Paul's Utah Incidents, MS. For description of and comments on the political ring from a Mormon standpoint, see Millennial Star, xxxiv. 68-70; xxxvi. 120-2; for Vorhees' and Wheeler's bill, introduced April 1, 1872, 'to aid the enforcement of the laws of the territory of Utah,' see Deseret News, April 17, 1872.
34Harrison's Crit. Notes on Utah, MS., 32.
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and therefore he was roundly abused by the gentile press.35 It is worthy of note, however, that as the Mormons were now for the first time left undisturbed, there was little which needs record in their annals as a body politic,36 except that from their midst passed one whose place never could be filled. At the obsequies of the great president who had cut the cords of slavery, and being asked to banish its sister institution, said "Let them alone," believing that in time it would banish itself, none felt the nation's loss more grievously than did the Mormons. And now on the 29th of August, 1877, Brigham Young was summoned to render his account at the great tribunal before which all must appear.
Although for several years he had been in feeble health, he was able to attend to his manifold duties until six days before his death. Retiring at eleven o'clock on the night of Thursday, the 23d of August, after delivering an address before the bishops' meeting in the council-house, he was seized with an attack of cholera-morbus, and suffered severely till the morning of the following Saturday, when he obtained a few hours' sleep, opiates being administered to relieve the pain caused by cramping of the muscles. During the afternoon, however, inflammation of the bowels set in, and throughout this and the following day he continued to moan at intervals, though when asked whether he was in pain he invariably replied, "No, I don't know that I am." On Monday morning there were strong symptoms of nervous prostration, among which was a constant moving of the hands and twitching of the
35See S. L. C. Tribune, April 14, June 2, 1877.
36On the 22d of April, 1876, Dom Pedro, emperor of Brazil, visited Salt Lake City on his way eastward; and on October 3, 1875, President Grant, this being the first occasion on which a president of the United States set foot in the territory. For account of these visits, and also those of General Sheridan, Henri Rochefort, Jay Gould, and William Hepworth Dixon in 1874, James G. Blaine in 1873, generals Garfield and McClellan and the Japanese embassy in 1872, see files of the Deseret News; Utah Jour. Legisl., 1872; Ventromiles' Tour, 74-5; Tullidge's Life of Young, 441. Sheridan's visit was mainly for the purpose of establishing another military post in Utah, Provo being the point selected.
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muscles. During all this time his only nourishment was a tablespoonful of milk and brandy, administered at brief intervals, in the proportion of one ounce of the latter to eight of the former. At 10 o'clock on Monday night he sank into a comatose condition, from which he was aroused with difficulty by stimulating injections, and early on the following morning he sank down on his bed apparently lifeless. Artificial respiration was resorted to, and hot poultices were placed over the heart to stimulate its action.37 Thus his life was preserved for a few hours longer; but at five o'clock on the afternoon of the 29th of August, 1877, being then in his seventy-seventh year, he passed away quietly, surrounded by his family and intimate friends, the last rites of the church being administered by several of the apostles, to whom he responded in a clear and unfaltering voice, "Amen!"38
At eight o'clock on the morning of the 1st of September the remains of President Youug, escorted by members of his own family, by members of the twelve, and by others of the priesthood, were conveyed to the tabernacle, the coffin being enclosed in a metallic case draped in white and wreathed with flowers. The funeral rites were appointed for noon on the following day, and during each hour of the interval a constant stream of visitors, numbering in all some twenty-five thousand, passed through the great aisle of the building, all being allowed to stop and gaze for a moment
37On the evening of Tuesday a consultation was held by his physicians, S. B. Young, W. F. Anderson, J. M. Benedict, and F. D. Benedict, and it was resolved to fill up the lower portion of the bowels by injection, for the purpose of causing an action through the alimentary canal; but this treatment was discontinued on account of fainting symptoms. The coma was attributed to the pressure of the swollen bowels, which checked the circulation to the heart and lungs. Deseret Ev. News, Aug. 31, 1877.
38Francis Dorr, who crossed the plains in 1850, and rendering assistance to the Mormon trains, was told by Brigham that he would ever be welcome to Salt Lake City, paid the Mormons avisit in 1877, and was kindly received by their prominent men. He is of opinion that Brigham's last illness was partly caused by fear of being arrested and tried for complicity in the Mountain Meadows massacre. Dorr's Statement, MS., 3. I find no confirmation of this theory, which is extremely improbable, in view of the evidence and the statements of the counsel for the prosecution at the Lee trial. See pp. 566-8, this vol.
|p. 670
on the features of him who had been to them for so many years as their God on earth, their faithful guide and counsellor. Throughout the territory flags were hung at half-mast, and civic and religious societies united in rendering tribute to one who had gained the respect and almost outlived the hatred of the civilized world. It was indeed a day of mourning in Israel, of grievous and heart-felt mourning, for to all his followers he had been a friend and benefactor, so far as they would accept his aid and receive his teachings. From Europe, also, and from various portions of the United States, came messages of condolence, and in every quarter of the globe the death of Brigham Young excited more remark than would that of a great monarch.
Throughout the entire day clouds lowered in heavy masses over the city of the saints, and from them fell light but frequent showers, as if in sympathy with the multitudes that thronged the tabernacle; but on the morning of the 2d the sun rose over a clear, unruffled sky, ushering in one of the calmest and brightest sabbaths that had ever been seen in Zion. Long before the hour appointed for the services, more than thirty thousand persons were gathered in or around the tabernacle, the aisles, the doorways, and every inch of space being occupied. The building was tastefully decorated. From the immense arch which spans the interior depended strands and garlands of flowers grouped in rich profusion, in their midst being a massive floral centre-piece. Under the entire gallery wreaths were festooned between the pillars with baskets pendent, the front of the platform, the stands, and the organ being draped in black. The coffin, constructed according to the late president's orders,39
39Nearly four years before his death, Brigham gave instructions as to his funeral, and at the same time a number of elders gave orders as to their own interment. 'I, Brighain Young, wish my funeral services to be conducted after the following manner: When I breathe my last I wish my friends to put my body in as clean and wholesome state as can conveniently be done, and preserve the same for one, two, three, or four days, or as long as my body can be preserved in a good condition. I want my coffin made of plump 1 1/4-inch (cont.)
|p. 671
decked with chaplets, but stripped of its case and drapery, stood on a plain catafalque in view of the congregation. On the president's stand were his councillors, John W. Young and Daniel H. Wells. The apostles, of whom ten were present, occupied their accustomed seats, the north side of the platform being set apart for the bishops and councillors of stakes, and the south front for the city council, the band, and glee club; while to the family of the deceased were allotted the seats immediately facing the stands, his four brothers being in front.
Precisely at noon the vast assemblage was called to order by George Q. Cannon, who, at the request of the president's family, presided over the ceremonies. First was sung by a choir of two hundred voices the hymn commencing:
to a tune composed for the obsequies of George A. Smith, whose decease occurred in 1875,40 and now
(39cont.) redwood boards, not scrimped in length, but two inches longer than I would measure, and from two to three inches wider than is commonly made for a person of my breadth and size, and deep enough to place me on a little comfortable cotton bed, with a good suitable pillow for size and quality; my body dressed in my temple clothing, and laid nicely into my coffin, and the coffin to have the appearance that if I wanted to turn a little to the right or left I should have plenty of room to do so.' After giving instructions as to the services and place and method of interment, he concludes: 'I wish this to be read at the funeral; providing, that if I should die anywhere in the mountains, I desire the above directions respecting my place of burial to be observed; but if I should live to go back with the church to Jackson county, I wish to be buried there.' Address of Geo. Q. Cannon, in Deseret News, Aug. 31, 1877.
40George Albert Smith, cousin to the prophet on the father's side, his mother being descended from the Lymans of revolutionary fame, was born at Potsdam, N. Y., in 1817. In the spring of 1833 the family started for Kirtland, where they were heartily welcomed, and during the summer George was employed in quarrying and hauling rock, and other duties in connection with the building of the Kirtland temple. He was also one of those who went up to redeem Zion in Jackson co., Mo., returning three months later after travelling some 2,000 miles, most of the way on foot. Of his missionary labors mention has already been made. Ordained a member of the first quorum of seventies in 1835 and an apostle in 1839, he was one of the pioneer band at the exodus from Nauvoo, and almost until the day of his death took a prominent part in settling and redeeming the vales of Deseret. Elected member for Iron co. under the provisional state government, he was afterward appointed church historian, and represented the same constituency during several sessions of the territorial legislature. After the death of Heber C. Kimball in 1868, he was appointed first councillor to Brigham, having previously been elected president of the legislative council, which latter office he held during (cont.)
|p. 672
used for the second time. Then followed prayer by Franklin D. Richards, after which addresses were delivered by Daniel H. Wells, Wilford Woodruff, Erastus Snow, George Q. Cannon, and John Taylor. A second funeral hymn was sung,41 a benediction pronounced by Orson Hyde, the congregation was dismissed, and the remains of Brigham Young were conveyed to their resting-place at his private cemetery in the suburbs of the city, where thousands gathered to witness the closing ceremonies.42
Some thirty years had now elapsed since the president of the church, stricken with mountain fever and seeking for the remnant of his followers an abiding-place, had stood enwrapped in vision on the Pisgah of the west, and as he gazed for the first time on the desert and dead sea that lay beneath, forecast the future glory of Zion.43 And who shall say that he had not lived to see his vision realized? During these years, which compassed scarce the span of a single generation, he had built cities and temples; he had converted the waste lands of Deseret into gardens and grain-fields; he had laid the basis of a system of manufactures and commerce that was already the envy of older and more favored communities; he had sent forth his missionaries to all the civilized countries of the earth, and gathered the chosen of Israel from many nations; he had rescued myriads from the sorest depths of poverty, giving to all a livelihood, and to
(40cont.) six consecutive sessions. For further particulars as to his life, character, and abilities, see Utah Jour. Legisl., 1876, pp. 65-8; Richards' Narr., MS., 94; Deseret News, Aug. 11, 18, 1858, June 16, Sept. 8, 1875; S. L. C. Tribune, Sept. 4, 11, 1875; Tullidge's Life of Young, suppl., 7, 13; Townsend's Mormon Trials, 47; S. L. C. Contributor, 1882, passim; Codman's Round Trip, 230-3; Beadle's Western Wilds, 92-3 (with cut). In 1860 the son of Geo. A. Smith was killed by Navajos. Deseret News, Dec. 5, 1860.
41Composed for the occasion by Charles W. Penrose.
42In accordance with his father's instructions, a stone vault had been built by John W. Young in the south-east corner of the cemetery. It was of cut stone, dowelled and bolted with steel and laid in cement. The interior was also cemented and whitened. Deseret News, Aug. 29, 1877, where is a full description of the obsequies, afterward published in pamphlet form, and entitled Death of President Brigham Young.
43See pp. 261-2, this vol.
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the deserving and capable a competence. All this he had accomplished, beginning wellnigh without a dollar,44 and in a region forsaken by mankind for its worthlessness, struggling at times almost hopelessly against the unkindliness of nature and the unkindliness of man.
Esteemed by his followers as an angel of light, and considered by his foes as a minister of evil, an impostor, a hypocrite, a murderer, he was in fact simply an enthusiast, a bigoted and egotistical enthusiast, as the world believes, but a practical and farsighted man, one who by his will, ability, and intuitive knowledge of human nature was fitted to combat the difficulties that beset each step in his path of life, and to give cohesion to the heterogeneous elements of which his people was composed. "As I sat near his bed," remarked George Q. Cannon, "and thought of his death, if it should occur, I recoiled from the contemplation of the view. It seemed to me that he was indispensable. What could we do without him? He has been the brain, the eye, the ear, the mouth, and hand for the entire people of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. From the greatest details connected with the organization of this church down to the smallest minutiæ connected with the work, he has left upon it the impress of his great mind."45
Not least among the traits in the character of Brigham was the faculty for accumulating wealth; and this he did, not, as his enemies have asserted, by
44He had about $50, then almost the only money in Utah.
45For sketches of the character, physique, and policy of Brigham Young, see, among others, Hist. Brigham Young, MS; Utah Early Records, MS., passim; Richards' Rem., MS 15; Richards Narr., MS., 83-4; Burton's City of the Saints, 290-4, 300; Hyde's Mormonism, 137-8; Tullidge's a Life of Young, 456-8; Utah Pamphlets, Religious, no. 3, p. 19; Bowles' Across the Continent, 86-7; Mackay's The Mormons, 286; Stenhouse's Englishwoman, 163-7; Young's Wife No. 19, 162-5; Beadle's Life in Utah, 265-7,362; Richardson's Beyond the Mississippi, 352-3; Rae' s Westward by Rail, 106-7; Ludlow's Heart of the Continent, 366-9, 371-3; Rusling, Across America, 177-8. Mention is made of these points in more detail on pp. 200-6, this vol. A history of Brigham Young is published in the Deseret News, commencing with the issue of Jan. 27, 1858, and continued in subsequent numbers.
|p. 674
foul means,46 but by economy and close attention to his business interests. Of all the business men in Utah he was perhaps the most capable, but in the art of making money he had no set system; merely the ability for turning money to account and for taking care of it. He purchased saw-mills and thrashing-machines, for instance, and let them out on shares; he supplied settlers and emigrants with grain and provisions; from the lumber and firewood which he sold to the troops at Camp Floyd he is supposed to have netted some $200,000, and from other contracts a much larger sum. By many he is accused of enriching himself from the appropriations of tithes, and by plundering alike both saint and gentile, whereas none paid his church dues more punctually or subscribed to charities more liberally than did the president. That with all his opportunities for making money honestly and with safety he should put in peril his opportunities and his high position by stooping to such fraud as was commonly practised among United States officials of exalted rank, is a charge that needs no comment.47 He had a great advantage in being able to command men and dictate measures, but he did not rob the brethren, as many have asserted. At his decease the value of his estate was estimated at $2,500,000,48 though as trustee for the church he controlled a much larger amount.
46Stenhouse, for instance, relates that in 1852 he balanced his account with the church, amounting to $200,000, by directing his clerk to place this sum to his credit for services rendered, and that in 1867 he discharged his liabilities, amounting to $967,000, in a similar manner. Rocky Mountain Saints, 665. Such statements are pure fiction.
47In the records of the internal revenue office at Washington his total income for 1870 is stated at $25,500, in 1871 at $111,680, and in 1872 at $39,952.
48It has been stated in several books and many newspaper paragraphs that Brigham had large deposits in the Bank of England, the amount being placed as high as $20,000,000. This is entirely untrue. Stenhouse, for instance, says that a New York journalist who visited him in 1871 inquired as to this report, the sum being then stated at $17,000,000. Brigham replied that he had not a dollar outside of Utah, but that the church had some small amount abroad for its use. The following extract from Richards' Narr., MS., may serve to explain the matter: 'The rumor that President Young ever had any money in the Bank of England is entirely false. When I was in Liverpool I (cont.)
|p. 675
Brigham was certainly a millionaire, but his fortune barely sufficed to provide for his family a moderate competence, for he had married twenty wives,49 and unto him were born more than fifty children, of whom 16 boys and 29 girls survived him. In the body of his will the wives were divided into classes, and to each of them was given a homestead, the sum of $25, payable one month after his decease, and such amount payable in monthly instalments as in the opinion of his executors might be needed for their comfortable support.50
(48cont.) opened an account with the branch of the Bank of England in that city, but finding their charges too high, transferred it to the Royal Bank of Liverpool, where it remained between 1850 and 1867. On the failure of the bank I was fortunate enough to get my money. There was a time in our business when there was $20,000, or $30,000 to our credit. This money came from the profits on publications, and from the deposits of people who wished to emigrate. Donations were also remitted to us from Utah, and the company's fund was sustained by the emigration business.' Franklin D. Richards, the author of this manuscript, was nephew to Willard Richards, who, as will be remembered, was appointed secretary of the Perpetual Emigration Fund Company. See p. 415, this vol.
49In 1869, at which date the Boston board of trade visited S. L. City, Brigham said that he had 16 living and 4 deceased wives, and 49 surviving children. This was the first time that Mormon or gentile knew how many his family mustered. Utah Notes, MS., 1-2. In Waite's The Mormon Prophet, 191-214, is a burlesqued description of some of his wives, and of their treatment. Wife No. 19, or the Story of a Life in Bondage, being a Complete Exposé of Mormonism, by Ann Eliza Young, is, though the writer affects to be impartial, rather a discharge of venom by a woman scorned. She was of mature age when married, and if she had not then sense enough to understand the responsibilities she was assuming, one would think that, some years later, she ought at least to have had discretion enough to abstain from inflicting her book and lectures on the public. The most valuable part of the work, if it can be said to have any value, is the chapter on the case of Young vs Young, in which Judge McKean awarded to the plaintiff $500 a month as alimony, and committed defendant to jail for refusing to pay it. His decision was reversed by Judge Lowe.
50For copy of will, see S. L. C. Tribune, Aug. 19, 1883. It has been alleged that Brigham claimed to be a prophet. This he distinctly denied. In Utah Notes, MS., it is stated that the lame, halt, and blind flocked to him to be healed, and that he used great tact in dealing with them. One man who had lost a leg came to him to be made whole. Brigham said it should be as he wished; but those created with two legs would have two legs in heaven; hence, if he casused a new one to be framed, the man would have three for all eternity.
Patriarch and President John Young, brother to Brigham, died April 27, 1870. For biographical sketch, see Deseret News, May 4, 1870. The decease of Joseph A., Brigham's eldest son, occurred Aug. 10, 1875. For biography, see Utah Jour. Legisl., 1876, pp. 206-8. On July 10th of this year died Martin Harris, one of the three witnesses to the authenticity of the book of Mormon. His age was 92. Among others whose decease occurred during the period to which this chapter refers may be mentioned Ezra Taft Benson, (cont.)
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(50cont.) a native of Mendon, Mass., who worked on his father's farm until he was 16 years of age, afterward becoming hotel-keeper, and later proprietor of a cotton-mill in the same state. In 1839 we find him at Quincy, Ill., whither he had gone in search of a home, and where, during the following year, he was converted by the preaching of Orson Hyde and John E. Page. In the autumn of 1849 he was ordained an elder, and in the summer of 1845 an apostle, most of th interval being passed in missionary work in the eastern states. In April 1847 he accompanied the pioneers, finally settling in the valley two years later. After some further missionary work, he was appointed, in 1860, brigadier-general of militia in the Cache Valley district, where he lived until the dare of his decease, Sept. 3, 1869, his death being probably caused by heart disease. When the provisional government was established be represented Salt Lake county in the legislature, and when Utah was made a territory was chosen a member, first of the representatives for Salt Lake county, and for the last ten years of his life, of the council for Tooele county. Deseret News, Sept. 8, 1869. At his death joint resolutions were passed in the assembly as a tribute of respect, for which see Utah Jour. Legisl., 1870, 185-6.
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Torture maven John Yoo to appear on KQED Monday
Yoo was one of three lawyers responsible for drafting memoranda to the Bush administration suggesting legal justifications for "enhanced interrogation techniques" to be used on terror suspects. An internal Justice Department investigation found Yoo and his colleagues guilty of misconduct, but a DOJ administrator Friday overruled the report's findings and ruled their actions did not rise to the level of misconduct. The ruling saved Yoo and the others from possible disbarment.
Yoo is promoting a book, "Crisis and Command: A History of Executive Power from George Washington to George W. Bush." His appearance last month on The Daily Show, in which he unctuously eluded pointed questions from host Jon Stewart and so confounded the usually incisive interviewer that Stewart actually apologized to viewers, was the very definition of slick and slippery. Here's hoping KQED's Krasny — whose roundabout questions can themselves amount to a sort of informational filibuster — has more success.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Ironhide (Voyager-class)
Review by EVA_Unit_4A
The Autobots have been searching long and hard for the AllSpark Cube since their leader, Optimus Prime, desperately cast it into space to prevent Megatron from getting his metallic claws on it and bringing a new order of domination and suffering to the already-demolished planet of Cybertron. Before then, both Autobots and Decepticons waged a long war against each other for possession of the Cube. Ironhide quickly rose through the ranks over the millennia to become one of Prime's best warriors; eventually rising to become one of his senior officers as weapons specialist. Honed by his experience from the loss of friends and colleagues over time, he developed a shield of caution and awareness about him that would lead to a path of distrust and caution about the smallest things on the battlefield- where sneak attacks were the norm in a civilization that constantly shifted its physical appearance. Yet Ironhide remained ever-loyally by Prime's side when a signal was received from a distant planet by one of their scouts that a clue had been found to the location of the Cube. Hard-landing on the planet (Earth), he narrowly escaped detection from a small family of intelligent natives and quickly assumed the appearance of one of their all-terrain vehicles- a black GMC TopKick pickup truck. He would find many oddities on this new world that would test his trigger fingers- including the primitive, aggressive, & undisciplined nature of humans. But later on, he would once more prove how skilled and powerful he was against the Decepticons- this time, in the defense of humans, in the Mission City battle. Ironhide stands 26' (8.7m) tall in his upright robot mode, and is armed with two large cannons- one covering each of his forearms. He also has a set of micro-missile launchers embedded in his knuckles. For his trip to Earth, he studied many of its languages through a planet-wide information network, and so he is fluent in English. Ironhide's voice (as well as that of Decepticon Barricade) is performed by the well-respected & experienced voice-actor Jess Harnell.
Ironhide's vehicle mode (back) is that of a real medium-sized GMC TopKick™ C4500 4x4 pickup truck, designed by General Motors Corporation™ and manufactured by Monroe Truck Equipment™ (aka MTE). Though slightly less well-known than the Daimler-Chrysler Dodge Ram™, the TopKick is a versatile and powerful vehicle design that is able to be adapted to many different roles- some examples I've read state commercial-grade pickup trucks, medium cargo trucks, and tow trucks. For its appearance in "Transformers", several small modifications were made to the prop vehicle(s) used for Ironhide's disguised form, specifically:
- customized 20" aluminum black-painted wheels to fit new 40" tires
- removal of a pair of the back wheels (giving the truck four wheels instead of the standard six)
- new extended-height chrome smokestacks behind the cab
- horizontal stainless steel step tubes
- customized front & rear bumpers with powder-coat texture
- a powerful 16,000lbs winch on the front bumper
- Road Armor™ reinforced front and rear bumpers installed
- raised Autobot symbol on the tailgate
(What the hell did I just write-!? I have absolutely no clue what most of that means! I'm no truck expert!) In anticipation of the marketing scramble surrounding the release of the first live-action film featuring the legendary Transformers, MTE announced that they would be producing a limited-run line of GMC TopKick 4500s specifically customized to look just like Ironhide's vehicle form from the movie! (Here- read the small article for yourself.)
This Voyager-class toy of Ironhide also differs slightly from the real vehicle in several ways:
- The tall, vertical side-view mirrors on the doors were condensed down to smaller PVC square shapes; most likely because they might catch on things like hair, clothes, etc. and break off.
- The extended smokestacks directly against the back of the cab were cut down to just the height of the roof (*whew!* More on this later...)
- Instead of those... "horizontal stainless steel step tubes"(?)... that you stand on to get into the cab beneath the four doors, Ironhide's large metallic-blue arm cannons hang there instead, looking like giant cylindrical gas tanks like you might find on a semi-truck… like Optimus Prime! However, removing them reveals the small arms hidden underneath, though they look more like they're part of the suspension system for the forward wheels or part of the transmission. From all angles, this is the largest break in the illusion for the vehicle mode. (Well… except when you flip him over, that is!)
But other than that, this is a spot-on match to the real TopKick- shortened, wide nose with molded Road Armor™-branded bumper, large 4-door cab with semi-transparent blue-tinted windows, and equally-sized truck bed with top cover! As mentioned above, if you look at the tailgate door in back (which does not open), you can see the Autobot symbol molded in between those gears! All four free-turning ABS wheels are not marked but do have appropriately-detailed tire tread & rim patterns. Also the red GMC trademark is molded on the front grille, and the "4 x 4" trademark symbol is stamped just under the smokestacks on either side. Oddly, the headlights are also that matching semi-trans. blue, but they've been painted over with silver. Curious... Also, the five cab lights on the roof were painted blue to match the ones on the real vehicle seen in the movie.
'Automorph Technology' is a new special feature that is fairly exclusive to the 2007 movie figures. What Automorph does is when one specific section moves, there is an internal system of gears and levers which moves another part in the same region. (Although, I'm sure a similar function has presented itself in the other lines from the various anime-inspired series. I do know for certain that the huge "Transformers Galaxy Force" Primus figure had such function(s) in his back armor, leg weapon units, and chest/head.) In the Voyager-class Ironhide, there are two Automorph functions:
- The nose/door sections are spring-loaded just under the front bumper; when separating them to expose the head, they spring open and just hang there. (I have doubts that this is an Automorph feature, but I'll mention it anyways just in case...)
- When flipping the two halves of Ironhide's feet out (themselves connected by gears to each other), a panel on the front of his legs (the cover of the truck bed) slides down and sideways. At the same time, triangular pieces behind the legs/under the truck bed slide downwards, which causes the spring-loaded rear wheels to shift diagonally up and back.
Ironhide's robot mode (back) is covered in sharp corners, intricate detail, and power covered in a lot of black. This is a drastic and significant change in style and function from the usually solid, blocky appearance of the Transformers since their debut in 1986. And yet, some of the TopKick's features are still visible- such as the halved nose and front doors which rest lightly in the chest/over the shoulders, the top of the cab on his back (which hides the windshield and rear window), and the rear wheels and sides of the truck bed on the back/outside of his lower legs. Having the vehicle mode's hood/front-half featured prominently on the upper torso is a signature design dating all the way back to the G1 Autobots from 1984 who all had this; though some Autobots over the decades have broken away from this. However, all of the Autobots seen in the 2007 film are no different and share this tradition with their predecessors. Ironhide's head looks like its lacking color- with small highlights of gold- but this is because his eyes aren't all that bright. They used that same muted transparent-blue plastic on the back of his head so that- when light shown through- his eyes would light up. However, the color of the plastic prevents anything from showing, so they end up just blending into the surrounding black ABS. (I can't even get a clear picture of his eyes glowing; they're so dark!) Bummer, that. If they'd only gone with a lighter shade of blue… Some physically-distinguishing details, however- like his blended horns and wide, rounded nose- carry through; evoking the image of a bull's head!
Any pictures taken of him make him look extremely complicated; I know- I was equally intimidated before I first changed him too! But this is the testament to the awesome work Hasbro did in designing this Voyager-class toy. His legs demonstrate this quite well. The colors used on Ironhide- specifically, well... black- help distort what moves and what doesn't, such as separation lines between parts. Most of that is surface detail, not movable parts. Trust me. Because of the complexity of the CGI character seen in the movie, some details had to be sacrificed. Specifically, the three toes on each foot have been molded into a single piece on each, but the sculpting shows that the toes are still there. (I haven't gotten a clear image of the back of his feet, so I can't confirm how accurate they are from the film...) Indeed, one of the fairly major details also lost is his overall body shape- in the film, he is actually slightly shorter than fellow Autobot Ratchet- featuring a bulkier, wider upper torso & arms with an overall muscled body shape. Here, that has been cast aside with smallish arms and an average-sized torso, but it isn't a problem in the slightest as far as function goes. Ironhide is fairly flexible with a wide range of motion in the shoulders, elbows, hips, and knees; with limited range of motion in the head and wrists. Snap joints are present only in the shoulders (one axis), and hips (one). His feet aren't designed with posing in mind even though they do flex when transforming him; if you tried to move them for posing, the Automorph feature would suddenly kick into reverse. The truck nose/doors hovering over his shoulders do flex a little with the springs in them, but I'll get to that later on...
During the film, Ironhide seems to really love those big cannons attached to his arms, deploying them at the slightest irritation with his trigger-happy attitude- even willing to wipe-out Sam's pet Chihuahua (which Ironhide called "…a rodent infestation!") when it marked him! But, he is also proud of his weapons- upon first meeting Sam and Mikaela Banes (the "right girl" I mentioned earlier), he whipped them out and pointed them right in their faces, "You feelin' lucky, punk?" "Easy, Ironhide…" warned Optimus Prime. "Just kidding! I just wanted to show him my cannons."
Talk about "arm-aments", eh!? Eh? No? Well, howsabout "sidearms"? (*crickets chirping*) Oh, come on- that second one was funny! Ch-- whatever… In the film, there are no real hand-held weapons- most of them seem to unfold out from the forearms to replace the hands. But I think that Ironhide's cannons unfold out from somewhere above his arms in his bulky shoulders, and then attach themselves to his forearms. According to the special-effects company Industrial Light and Magic, each of Ironhide's cannons had more than the much-publicized 10,000 parts that the robots themselves had! (I read from one individual that they reminded him of exposed jet engines… which I completely agree with!) Alas, there are not such a dramatic number of parts in the paired cannons on Ironhide's arms. They do not extend, they do not collapse in on themselves, they do not spin on their arm attachment joints, and they most-certainly do not glow! The right cannon is indeed differently sculpted from the left cannon, but both are simplified versions of the weapons seen on-screen. The right has four free-sliding black switches around its circumference, and four narrow barrels at its end that are not present in the film version. The left is similar in general appearance, but differs in function because it contains four long ABS missiles running the length of it. There isn't any way to fire them...
...unless you take the left cannon off of Ironhide's arm, and attach it to the right cannon! This doesn't happen in the movie (one shoots energy blasts, the other one shoots big cannon rounds), but it does make for an interesting 'safety device' that I haven't seen before- preventing the missiles from accidentally firing. (C'mon- we've all done that at some time or other, right...?) A latch on the left section holds the two together, though I find fitting them together the greater challenge. Now, when each black switch on the right weapon is slid forward, the associated missile in the front (left) section fires! These are pressure-released missile as opposed to spring-loaded, so how far they go depends on how much you push on the trigger. (This a growing trend in scaled toy weapons across the US; as it is both cheaper and safer this way as opposed to depending on 'uncontrollable' spring-loaded designs.) Sweetness… Though molded into his fists (and painted in pictures on the box art), the micro-missiles in his knuckles do not fire. A cool place to put them, but understandable why they did this- you'd loose them sooooooo easily...!
While Hasbro can certainly be credited with the enormous task of transforming the immensely-complex CGI characters used in the 2007 movie (which- on average- contained 10,000 components per robot), it should be noted that these are not just straight transitions either. While Ironhide's head, arms, and legs all hide in roughly the same places in the toy, the process by which he transforms is different, resulting in a slightly different look from his CGI counterpart. Though extremely simplified compared to the movie versions', the only break in the two cannons is either the four barrels in the right, and the four missiles in the left. (The far-simpler Fast Action Battlers Ironhide series' figure features a single spring-launching missile which fires from only the left cannon.) How the cab nose mounts to his chest is also different; the two halves actually attach directly to Ironhide's shoulders in the film. However I should point out that, so-far as I can tell, the Voyager-class Ironhide seems to be the closest to his on-screen counterpart as far as how he changes and what his robot mode looks like compared to the others in the Voyager-class- Autobot Ratchet, and Decepticons Blackout and Starscream. There is one thing about my specific toy that I should mention. There is a minor manufacturing flaw in the waist joint that prevents the upper and lower torsos from snapping together correctly. The plastic warped a bit, and the hole into which the blue tab is supposed to snap into was made incomplete. So whenever I pick Ironhide up, he flops over at the waist! (I haven't heard anyone else experience this, so it may just be me. I've tried to get a replacement through an exchange, but I've gotten no response from Hasbro on this matter.)
What the Instructions *Don't* Tell You
[fanfare sounds]
The Voyager-class Ironhide set, unfortunately, has five marks in this frustrating category:
- As part of his Automorph feature(s) in the legs, his feet are geared together internally, and move at the same time that the wheels and truck bed cover do. However, what the instructions don't tell you is that when you're changing him, you have to move them at the same time yourself or else the small teeth on the gears will skip, and they will become unsynchronized! Do this too much and eventually the gears will become stripped! What you need to do is pull down equally on both halves at the same time, though you can/should put a little more pressure on his foot section rather than the heel section.
- What happens to the roof, windshield, and rear window after he's changed? The instructions give no answer to this, and you are expected to just leave them hanging off the back. Each of those three sections has arms with joints, so they must do something! I had to guess at what needed to be done, and find examples of what others have done online. And there's no proper answer in the movie since [they] change differently! All I can suggest is: 1) slide the roof up-and-away from the windshield as much as possible 2) slip the rear window (smokestacks pointing downwards) inside against the front bumper/parallel to the windshield 3) carefully slide the roof back down over it. Nothing will lock in place, and the roof will jut out a bit diagonally away from the body. Also, if forced, the windshield is designed to pop-off. (I have e-mailed Hasbro regarding this, but received no answer even three weeks later.)
- The very first step mentioned in the instructions (and rightly so!) is to flip down that forward bumper. But beware-! If you just think it flips down unchallenged, don't force it! The bumper actually fits over two pegs in the top of the nose section... very tightly. This is a wiggle game you have to play with the bumper and nose sections- gently lift the two sections at the same time that you pull down on the bumper. (it may be of use to undo the back doors first to that the nose section can wiggle around a little more, and not break when it suddenly comes apart.)
- These truck nose/shoulder guards sections are really the most baffling and- sometimes- frustrating! In the film, on the box art, and even in the instructions, Ironhide's shoulder guards are shown as positioned horizontally directly over his arms. Now, because (in the movie) they are mounted onto his arms, when he moves his arms they move as well. As mentioned above, this is not the case with this toy, as they are attached via small blue arms w/ springs just behind the truck grill. But this makes no sense at all for the toy! If positioned horizontally, they interfere with how you position the arms! First of all, in order to position them horizontally, keep pulling out/down on the nose section until they snap into place. You still swing the back doors around like normal for this. But, I have seen many examples online of collectors leaving the shoulder units diagonally hanging in the air without snapping them in place. (They can't snap into place diagonally anyways; it's impossible.) Initially I posed him with them horizontally, but after seeing the images online and remembering what I had seen in the theater, I switched to the diagonal version. The Fast Action Battlers version (mentioned above) would seem to confirm the diagonal positioning, even though it's design is significantly simplified from the Voyager-class toy.
- 'Anomaly #5' (heh) is dependant on '#4' above. If the shoulder guards are placed diagonally, then there isn't really an issue. However, if the shoulders are placed horizontally as indicated on-screen and on box art, then there's a problem. The pointed central chest guard (painted metallic blue) folds up after the torso has been twisted around, and then a black panel folds up to cover the space between the chest and head. But, if the shoulder panels are to be placed horizontally, the thin panel just hangs in mid-air like that, prone to drooping over time with gravity or if you accidentally press down on it. The chest guard itself also does not snap or lock into place. Nothing can be done about it that I can find, but it is really annoying.
But the instructions don't tell you any of this...
After seeing the film the first time (in the theater first for a change, thank the Matrix!) and then checking online for what toys there were, Ironhide was one that I knew I just had to own if none other! When I got him (he was my first toy from the film), he did not disappoint, though the four 'anomalies' above were a bit of a downer. He was detailed, he was articulate, his toy design was loyal to the movie version, and his trigger-happy attitude throughout the film made an impression. All joints are fairly tight. There is little I could suggest to improve him- add a few more paint details to the robot mode, snap that chest guard into place, paint all headlights white or pale yellow, and either use a different colored plastic for the eyes or just paint them in like they traditionally have been before [I prefer the latter]. Does it bother me that his overall body shape was different from that seen on-screen? No. His arms are a bit small, but the cannons make up for this. I will say this though: I do not think that this toy should really be given to the 5 year-olds that they market them to! Dat's crazy talk there! These toys are more complex than what has been released in the past, but less-so than the advanced Alternators line- which also had real brand-named vehicles with realistic interiors, and are targeted at older collectors. Even a month after I got him, I still have to dedicate a notable amount of brain power to transforming Ironhide- and I'm 24 years old!
I was one of the people who liked this new style for the Cybertronians'; it was something different and unique from the 'simplified' blocky armor of the past, and gave them a very organic, non-human-designed feel. They reminded of what an artists' interpretation of a Transformer might look like instead. Has anyone here seen futurist Syd Mead's work on the anime series "Mobile Suit Turn-A Gundam"? There's a good example right there of a controversial-yet-different interpretation of a popular brand! About a year before "Transformers" came out, I got a sneak-peek at a leaked prototype image of [what would come to be known as] Ironhide before I instructed myself to avoid all future spoilers until I had seen it. (A year of hell, to be sure!) I knew then that these toys would be special. And they are, for the most part. A lot of people say that this movie was made strictly for the sake of selling toys (or in director Michael Bay's case, promoting [or kissing-up to] the US military). That's a hell of an expensive advertisement, don't 'cha think!? I never looked at it that way, nor do I look at the toys as made cater to the promotion of brands like GMC, Hummer, Xbox, or even Mountain Dew. These are things that we see in everyday life. What better place for a robot to hide than in plain sight!? That's the whole point of Transformers- that you can't immediately recognize them! Do you really think that futuristic [or even alien] robots who can change shape are going to expose themselves- even to their enemies- by dressing up as a light blue-and-yellow sports car?! No! Ya know what? Just go out and get the Voyager-class Autobot Ironhide- he's great!
|Posted 18 August, 2007 - 12:48 by EVA_Unit_4A


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ENMU (9-11, 4-4 Lone Star Conference South) at Tarleton State (16-4, 7-1)
• When: 6 p.m. (MST) today at Stephenville, Texas
• Radio: KSEL-AM 1450.
• Last time out: The Hounds suffered an 81-79 loss to Midwestern State on Wednesday night at Greyhound Arena, while the Texans turned back Incarnate Word 67-61 at San Antonio.
• Last meeting: Tarleton pulled away in the second half for a 77-53 win at Greyhound Arena on Jan. 22.
• Of note: The Texans are 12-0 at home, 4-4 on the road. Tarleton handed UIW its first home loss on Wednesday. … This hasn't been a good matchup for ENMU in recent years, to say the least. Tarleton leads the all-time series 28-7, having won the last eight clashes and 25 of the last 26. … Tarleton led the earlier meeting 38-31 at halftime, but started the second half with a 37-14 blitz. … TSU is outscoring its opponents by nearly 21 points a game. The Texans are permitting foes only 52.3 ppg and 38 percent shooting from the field. In two of their losses, they allowed less than 50 points. … Tarleton has forced 119 more turnovers than it has committed (381-262). … Only one player, 5-foot-11 senior G Corin Henry (13.0 ppg), averages in double figures for the Texans.


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Last week, President Obama announced the G-8's commitment to the "New Alliance for Food Security and Nutrition", the next phase of the G-8's shared commitment to achieving global food security and nutrition goals. One of the elements of this New Alliance is a focus on science, technology, and innovation including the importance of open and available food security data. The group also committed to convene an international conference on food security and Open Data for G-8 members and stakeholders to determine how to increase openness and access to data. Seizing on the commitment of the G-8, USAID convened six leading innovators to showcase mapping, videos, and other tools that use data for more effective development.
Following the President's speech, USAID launched a Food Security Open Data Challenge that invites technologists, agriculture stakeholders, entrepreneurs, academics, and others to determine the most creative and wide-reaching use of open data for food security solutions and better, cheaper, and faster results. This work builds on USAID's far- reaching commitment to open data including the Open Government Partnership, Open Government Initiative, International Aid Transparency Initiative, the newly launched GeoCenter to increase GIS capacity in USAID, and others. Continuing this commitment to transparency, USAID invites all who are interested to join us, and lend your creativity, your curiosity, and your partnership to raising millions out of poverty. The results of this challenge will contribute to the development of an international conference on food security and Open Data for G-8 members and stakeholders, and will complement Feed the Future's work to fight hunger and promote broad-based economic growth, particularly through development in the agricultural sector.
USAID's Food Security Open Data Challenge includes three core events. In June, USAID will host an Ideation Jam where technologists and agricultural stakeholders will identify key questions of the challenge by focusing on the overlap of food security priorities and the potential of available data. In August, USAID will host a Codeathon to convene technologists, agriculture stakeholders, government representatives, entrepreneurs, and startup experts to finalize challenge submissions and design interventions that are available for investment. Finally in September, Administrator Shah will host a Food Security Datapalooza and announce challenge winners and showcase some of the best ideas for open-data based solutions to food security.
We look forward to working with a wide range of partners in this effort and welcome you to join us. Palantir Technologies, a Silicon Valley leader in information analysis, is an early partner and will open its mapping and analytical platform to participants so that all food security stakeholders, technologists or not, can participate in new ways to analyze existing information for actionable results.
Read more about the Codeathon or contact us to participate.


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FE 50mm F1.2 GM
FE 50mm F1.2 GM
This 50mm F1.2 G Master prime lens is a creator's dream, with an F1.2 maximum aperture that not only allows shooting in a wider range of lighting conditions, but also provides an extraordinary combination of high resolution, luscious G Master bokeh, and blazing autofocus. It is also remarkably compact and lightweight, for new creative freedom.
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The compact, lightweight FE 50mm F1.2 GM is an ideal choice for dedicated creators. XA (extreme aspherical) elements and other advanced technologies combine to achieve extraordinary resolution and contrast from the image center right out to the edges. Sony's Nano AR Coating II subdues flare and ghosting, while a floating focus mechanism ensure optimum sharpness at any focusing distance.
XA elements plus painstaking spherical aberration control at the design and manufacturing stages contribute to gorgeous G Master bokeh that can really make portrait and other subjects stand out, especially with the shallow depth of field available at the lens's maximum F1.2 aperture. An 11-blade circular aperture mechanism contributes to beautifully circular bokeh.
Fast, accurate focus is assured, even with extremely shallow 50mm F1.2 depth of field. Four XD (extreme dynamic) Linear Motors smoothly deliver high thrust to position the large, heavy focus groups for fast, accurate AF. Original Sony E-mount lens technology ensures that you get maximum performance from E-mount bodies, for both stills and movies.
87 mm (3-1/2 in.) in diameter, 108 mm (4-3/8 in.) long, and weighing just 778 grams (27.5 oz.), the FE 50mm F1.2 GM complements compact, high-performance E-mount bodies to create a system that gives serious shooters the mobility and handling. Three XA elements and four XD Linear Motors in a large-aperture lens that is surprisingly compact offer extraordinary creative potential.
Two focus hold buttons, a focus mode switch, a focus ring, an aperture ring with switchable click stops and other controls support smooth operation. The focus hold buttons can be assigned to other functions via a camera menu. Linear Response MF ensures that the focus ring responds linearly to manual focus control. Effective dust and moisture resistance and a fluorine front element coating enhance reliability.
G Master series lenses take imaging and expression to previously unattainable levels with a stunning blend of extremely high resolution and softly dissolving background bokeh.
[1] Extreme aspherical lens (XA lens)
[1] Contrast (%) . [2] Distance from optical center of lens (mm) [3] Max. aperture [4] F8 aperture [5] Spatial frequency [6] 10 line pairs / mm [7] 30 line pairs / mm [8] Radial values [9] Tangential values
Learn the four unique advantages of using Sony's E-mount lens for video shooting. The combination of Sony's lenses and cameras will enhance your video creation experience.
[1] Focusing ring [2] Focus hold button [3] Aperture ring [4] Focus mode switch [5] Aperture index
[6] Aperture click switch
Follow the link below for lens/body compatibility details.
Some camera bodies may require software update for full functionality.
Specifications & Features
- Minimum Focus Distance
- 0.4 m (1.32 ft)
- Maximum Magnification ratio (x)
- 0.17
- Filter Diameter (mm)
- 72
- Weight
- 778 g (27.5 oz.)
What's in the Box
Hood (model):ALC-SH163, Lens front cap:ALC-F72S, Lens rear cap:ALC-R1EM, Soft case, Case strap
Reviews & Awards
Users Say


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- Posted by BHSBengals
- Date August 30, 2022
- Comments 0 comment
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If You Love David Karp So Much Why Don't You Marry Him?
Tumblr creator David Karp is being heralded as the "Internet's Boy Wonder" in Page Six magazine today. It's not like that bothers us or anything, but a boy wonder? The guy who invented the television was called a Boy Wonder. Karl Rove was called a Boy Wonder because he knew how to ruin the entire world. Karp streamlined a particular way to post things on the internet. We don't credit the inventor of the electric toothbrush as having pioneered the whole concept of teeth-brushing. All we're saying: if he didn't have that steely gaze and lived in Ohio, would Page Six give a shit? It's a question for the ages. After the jump, a disappointing list of other Boy Wonders time forgot.
No matter how we tried to narrow our Nexis searches, we were still overwhelmed by Boy Wonders from every era and industry, many of whom played baseball or were members of various state legislatures or were Bill Gates. We were going for five but settled for three.
- Mark Fabiani was considered a Boy Wonder when, in 1989, he became LA mayor Tom Bradley's chief of staff at just 32. We don't know what happened after that, but we're pretty sure the '92 riots were his fault.
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- In 1984, a young Ricky Martin joined the pop group Menudo. The band was never seen or heard from again.


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On the night before Friday the 19th of Ramadan in the fortieth year after hijrah, Imam Ali [a.s.] went to the central mosque for prayers. Shortly after the adhan (call to prayer), Zaynab [a.s.] heard a heart-rending cry. Soon the cries came nearer to her house and she realised that they were bringing her the news of her father's assassination. Ibn Muljim had struck Imam Ali [a.s.] a fatal blow while he was in the defenceless state of sajdah (devotional prostration). Mortally wounded, he was carried back home on the shoulders of his followers.
There was to be no recovery from this wound. On the twenty-first night of Ramadan Imam Ali [a.s.] died, leaving his two sons and daughter to witness and face his enemies' misguided lust for power and revenge.
After his father's soul was released, Imam Hasan [a.s.] said, "Tonight such a great man has died with whose good conduct no one in the past or the future can compare. He fought holy wars side by side with the Holy Prophet, and made his life a shield for him. The Prophet used to make him a standard-bearer of the army while the angels Jibra'il walked on his right and Mika'il on his left. He never came back from any war without victory. At the time of his death he left nothing save seven hundred dirhams with which he had intended to provide the people of his house a servant."
Zaynab [a.s.] was submerged in grief at the brutal loss of her dear father. Together with her husband she returned to Medina.
Some ten years later Zaynab [a.s.] was once again stricken with a grievous loss, that of her brother Imam Hasan [a.s.]. He too fell victim to the schemes of the power-hungry Bani Umayya.
Mu'awiya was intent on converting the caliphate into a hereditary kingship so as to retain the seat of power within his clan. To achieve this it was necessary that he secure allegiance of the people for his son Yazid. This proved to be impossible as long as Imam Hasan [a.s.] was alive. Therefore he successfully eliminated him through an ingenious intrigue in which the hand that dealt Imam Hasan [a.s.] the deadly poison was none other than the Imam's wife.
The rights of leadership now passed into the hands of Imam Husayn [a.s.], but the Bani Umayya would not leave him in peace. Within six years of Husayn's brother's death, Mu'awiya started to openly call upon people to swear allegiance to his son Yazid, and people met his desire willingly or unwillingly. Imam Husayn [a.s.] numbered among the five men who alone refused to pledge themselves to Yazid.
During the four years left to his life after securing allegiance for his son, Mu'awiya was unable to dissuade Imam Husayn [a.s.] from his firm opposition to such a system of rule. If the caliphate was to be based on heredity, then none other than the Prophet's grandson and nearest surviving kin was more suitable. And if the right to rule was to be given on the basis of piety and learning, then to whom else other than Husayn [a.s.] - proven to be possessed of untainted wisdom, complete knowledge of Islamic law, piety and devotion of the highest degree - could this position be rightfully apportioned.
In the month of Rajab in the sixtieth year after Hijrah, the Bani Hashim were confronted with the caliphate of Yazid. Yazid did not have the forbearance of his father, and was not content to let Husayn [a.s.] stay in Medina in peace. The day after his father's death he wrote to Walid ibn 'Utba ibn Abu Sufyan, then governor of Medina, asking him to pursue Imam Husayn [a.s.], Abdullah ibn Umar, and Abdullah ibn Zubayr, and compel them to swear allegiance to him.
Again Imam Husayn [a.s.] refused. He decided to leave Medina, and, at the behest of other oppressed people, to go to Kufa where, he had been led to believe, there were many who wished to combat the tyrannical rule of the transgressing Bani Umayya and see to it that pure enlightened leadership of Muslims prevailed instead.


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iNUKE NU1000
Ultra-Lightweight, High-Density 1000-Watt Power Amplifier
iNUKE NU1000
The iNUKE NU1000 power amplifier packs 1,000 Watts (2 x 500 Watts @ 2 Ohms; 2 x 300 Watts @ 4 Ohms; 1,000 Watts @ 4 Ohms in Bridge mode) into exceptionally lightweight (7 lbs/3.3 kg) and rack-mountable packages. And because the NU1000 is so much more efficient than conventional designs, it runs cooler and doesn't require the massive heat sinks and heavy toroid transformers typically associated with its conventional counterparts. Thanks to our "Zero- Attack" limiters, which off er maximum output level with exceptionally-reliable overload protection, you can run the NU1000 full-out for hours on-end. Our revolutionary high-density Class-D technology, combined with ultra-efficient, switch-mode power supplies, ensures this feather-light powerhouse will drive your rig effortlessly for many years to come.
Class-D - Massive Power, Perfect Sound
Thanks to our revolutionary Class-D amplifier technology, we are able to provide you with enormous power and incredible sonic performance in an easy-to-use, ultra-portable and lightweight package. Class-D amplification makes all the difference, offering the ultimate in energy efficiency – and eliminating the need for a heavy power supply and massive heat sinks. This amazing technology makes it possible to design and build extremely- powerful products that are significantly lighter in weight than their traditional counterparts, while using less energy and protecting the environment.
Sublimely Simple Operation
The front panel controls and indicators provide your system's vital signs at a glance. After pressing the Power button, the Power LED lights to show the amp is ready for action. All channels feature positive-detent Gain controls with Signal LEDs that light when a signal is present, as well as Clip LEDs to indicate when the signal is distorted and you need to reduce the input signal.
Just as elegant as the front, the rear panel is home to the combo XLR and 1⁄4" TRS Input connectors, making the iNUKE NU3000 compatible with virtually any source, balanced or unbalanced. Professional twist-lock speaker sockets are provided to ensure every drop of output power gets to your loudspeakers. The rear panel is also where you'll find the switches that enable the NU1000 amp to run in your choice of dual mono, stereo or mono bridge mode.
Sound Value
Sporting massive output ratings, lightweight Class-D technology, an equally lightweight price tag – and all the amenities a professional audio engineer could ask for – the iNUKE NU1000 power amplifier is a serious amp for your most demanding applications.
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You Are Covered
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