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by Rod Smith, email@example.com
Web page created: 2/26/2012; last update: 3/15/2012
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If you've read my other Web pages, you may be aware that I've taken an interest in the new Extensible Firmware Interface (EFI) and Unified EFI (UEFI) firmware, which supplements or replaces the older Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) firmware. I've used EFI or UEFI in a couple of computers, in VirtualBox, and as add-on products such as UEFI DUET, which enables you to run UEFI atop a standard BIOS-based computer. When my main computer's motherboard died suddenly, though, I ran across conflicting and confusing information about a particular product when I did my hasty research to find a replacement. Specifically, Gigabyte offers several motherboards with what it calls Hybrid EFI to enable support for hard disks over 2TiB in size. Since one of the motherboards I was considering for my necessarily rapid replacement was the Gigabyte GA-78LMT-S2P (rev. 4.0), which uses a Hybrid EFI, I wanted to know more, and ultimately decided to give it a try myself. Although Web forums in particular were filled with confusing information, a few news sites had more reliable information. (See the References section for links.)
Briefly, Hybrid EFI is a UEFI based on the open source TianoCore reference implementation. This implementation is also at the heart of UEFI DUET, which enables you to boot using EFI methods on BIOS-based computers. In fact, conceptually, Hybrid EFI is similar to using UEFI DUET, except that the EFI code is built into the firmware: Underneath the UEFI layer, Hybrid EFI uses an old-style BIOS—specifically, an Award BIOS version 6.00PG, at least in the case of the GA-78LMT-S2P I bought. Once an OS (or even a boot loader) has booted, the underlying BIOS becomes fairly unimportant. Contrary to the implication of many forum posts I found, Hybrid EFI is much more than just a way to get Windows to boot from a disk that's over 2TiB in size. To boot on such a disk, Windows needs to have a full EFI implementation, and Hybrid EFI delivers that. It also enables booting Linux or other OSes in EFI mode. You can install Linux, Windows, or other EFI-enabled x86-64 OSes in EFI mode even on disks smaller than 2TiB, if you so desire. I suspect that you can install in BIOS mode even on larger disks if your OS supports this, but I haven't tested this supposition.
Unfortunately, Gigabyte's implementation leaves much to be desired. Although OSes can see the firmware as a UEFI, and have access to the usual EFI features, the way it's bolted onto the older BIOS provides the user with few options. The most hyped and user-visible EFI feature, a GUI for setting firmware options, is lacking from Hybrid EFI. (A GUI isn't part of the EFI specification, and GUI BIOSes have been produced in the past, so the GUI is really a side-show in terms of EFI development. A GUI is a major marketing, but not a technical, feature of UEFI.) Furthermore, Hybrid EFI is a finicky implementation, which tends to flake out when presented with configurations that deviate even slightly from the optimum, as described in more detail shortly.
Because I bought the GA-78LMT-S2P as a replacement board for a previously-working Linux installation, I expected to be able to do the board swap, boot my working Linux installation, and then fiddle with drivers and whatnot as time permitted. (I've followed this procedure many times in the past with Linux, which is much more forgiving of hardware changes than is Windows.) I then hoped to experiment a bit with the BIOS vs. EFI methods of booting. Alas, it wasn't so simple!
The Gigabyte GA-78LMT-S2P is a microATX motherboard, and physically there's not much difference between it and other microATX boards I've used. Thus, I have no real problems or praise on that score. Installing it in my case went as well as could be expected. As soon as I powered it up, however, the problems began. Before proceeding further, I should note that my existing installation was a Gentoo Linux system split across two hard disks, both of which were partitioned with the new GUID Partition Table (GPT). The original motherboard supported only BIOS-style booting, which works fine with GPT and Linux. I admit that this is an unusual configuration, but I've been using similar setups on other computers with few problems, by and large. (My Legacy BIOS Issues with GPT page details the incompatibilities I've encountered or heard about.)
Rather than regale you with the tale of my 7-hour struggle to coax the board to get as far as loading a usable boot loader, much less a Linux kernel, I'll simply point out the impediments it threw up in my path:
It appears to me that Gigabyte rushed out its Hybrid EFI support with very serious bugs and limitations that they must have known about. Presumably the motivation was that providing no way to boot Windows from an over-2TiB disk would have been worse. Early in my testing, I intentionally erased my BIOS boot loader, since I thought that it might have been confusing the computer's firmware, so most of my testing has been done with booting Linux in EFI mode, which highlights the firmware's flaws. Many of these problems would be less important on a Windows-only installation than on my Linux-only installation, and they might be worse on a dual-boot system. Booting in BIOS mode bypasses most of the problems that are related to the Hybrid EFI, too. Booting in BIOS mode from a GPT disk still exposes you to the potential for a system hang if that disk has an ESP that the firmware doesn't like, though. As noted earlier, if you run into this problem, you may have to either hot-plug the disk or move it to another computer to repair it—both very undesirable options!
Fortunately, the firmware seems OK with an ESP that doesn't contain a FAT filesystem. I say this because I successfully installed Fedora 16 in BIOS mode to a GPT disk. This version of Fedora has a bug that causes it to incorrectly mark the Linux /boot partition as an ESP when installing in BIOS mode, so when I was done with the installation, I had a partition that the firmware must have tried to interpret as a FAT-32 ESP, but it failed and continued with the boot process in BIOS mode.
A FAT-16 ESP, on the other hand, seems problematic. Ubuntu 11.04 (and 11.10) in EFI mode creates a dinky FAT-16 ESP, and after my test install of Ubuntu 11.04, the board hung on reboot until I reworked the ESP as FAT-32. Thus, if you plan to install Ubuntu, or any other OS that creates a FAT-16 ESP, be prepared to fix it, preferably before the system reboots!
With the transition from traditional BIOS-based computers to (U)EFI-based computers well under way, (U)EFI support in new computers is important. Even if you plan to use BIOS-mode booting initially, you may want or need to use EFI-mode booting in the future. The most important reason for doing this in the near term is if you want to boot from a disk that's over 2 TiB in size, and particularly if you want to boot Windows from such a disk. Although Gigabyte's Hybrid EFI contains a full-fledged EFI implementation from an OS's perspective, the firmware setup utility provides almost no options to help you use this functionality. Specifically, only one firmware option, entitled "EFI CD/DVD Boot Option," on the "Advanced BIOS Features" menu, relates to this feature. It has three settings, which are poorly described in the manual:
These options don't seem to affect how the computer boots from hard disks; for that, the firmware auto-detects whether you've got a BIOS or an EFI boot loader. Based on tests I've run, the rules seem to be:
As a practical matter, if you're installing Windows and nothing but Windows to a Hybrid EFI computer, you'll probably do OK with a default setup, provided your ESP doesn't become damaged in a way that causes the firmware to hang. If you're installing another OS, though, and if you have reason to boot in EFI mode rather than in BIOS mode, I recommend you use the following procedure:
A variant on this procedure is to store rEFInd as EFI/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi rather than EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi. If you do this, the firmware will probably detect it and add an entry to its boot manager list, but you can do this manually with the Linux efibootmgr utility if it doesn't. You must boot using EFI—I find that an Ubuntu installer booted in its "live CD" mode works well for this purpose, since you can install efibootmgr by typing sudo apt-get install efibootmgr. Thereafter, typing sudo efibootmgr -c -l \\EFI\\Microsoft\\Boot\\bootmgfw.efi -L rEFInd as root tells the firmware about the boot manager. (Note the use of double backslashes to separate directory elements with efibootmgr.) Using the default name of EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi is simpler and probably more reliable, but you can try this alternative if you can't get EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi to work.
Another variant on this approach is to store the EFI shell program as /EFI/Boot/bootx64.efi. This will launch your computer straight into the EFI shell rather than into rEFInd. The EFI shell is less user-friendly but more flexible than rEFInd, so if you're having problems with your boot loaders, it can be a useful debugging tool. You must be comfortable with command-line shell programs for this to be a useful strategy, though.
With any luck, this procedure will help simplify your non-Microsoft OS installation to a Hybrid EFI board. If it saves you from the sort of seven-hour hair-pulling session I experienced, then this page has done its job!
If you want an EFI-based computer for any reason, Gigabyte's Hybrid EFI makes a poor choice. It simply gives users inadequate control over EFI features and has bugs that can only be compared to prehistoric dragonflies with 30-inch wingspans. (I like to photograph modern dragonflies, but I don't want a monster like that in my computer!) A Hybrid EFI can do in a pinch if you're desperate for something that can boot Windows from an over-2TiB disk. If you want a more capable EFI implementation, though, you should look elsewhere. ASUS and ASRock have switched to fuller UEFI implementations on most of their new models, for instance, and others (including Gigabyte) have begun rolling out UEFIs that depart more completely from BIOS and that provide better user-level control of EFI features.
In the hours after I began using my GA-78LMT-S2P, I became extremely frustrated with its limitations. Granted, my initial configuration was peculiar, but bugs like hanging with no useful error message because of filesystem problems are close to inexcusable in firmware. I plan to keep my board, but only because the hassle of swapping it again would be too great. Now that I've discovered the board's quirks, I hope that I'll be only slightly inconvenienced by them moving forward. As I type, it's booted in EFI mode, but I'm likely to disable my ESP to force the board to boot in BIOS mode in the near future. I may also look into Coreboot as an alternative to the Award BIOS with Hybrid EFI, although it's not clear if Coreboot will work with this motherboard.
If you end up with a board that uses Hybrid EFI, your best bet is probably to try to use it in BIOS mode, at least if you're installing Linux or have a sub-2TiB hard disk. If you boot in BIOS mode, do not create an ESP on your disk; its presence will cause the board to switch to EFI-mode boot, and damage to it will cause a boot failure. Such a partition is a necessity when booting in EFI mode, though, in which case you should be careful that it doesn't end up getting damaged. (Note that many Linux distributions create FAT16 ESPs, which cause this board to fail to boot, so you'll need to jump through some hoops to correct this problem.) I have a hedge on this advice, though: If you're installing Windows to a sub-2TiB disk and think you'll want to replace that disk with a larger model, installing in EFI mode to GPT now may make the disk upgrade go more smoothly. This is because switching from BIOS-style to EFI-style booting, although possible, is awkward.
On the flip side, if you use the computer with sub-2TiB disks and boot in BIOS mode on MBR disks, you're unlikely to run into most of the problems I encountered. As a BIOS-only firmware, the Award BIOS provided by Gigabyte is fine, with the caveat that you don't create an ESP. I believe the problems I encountered are serious and worth considering, though, because as disk sizes increase, today's purchasers may be forced to enable the board's EFI support in the future, so even if the board is trouble-free when used in a more traditional way, it may become a problem after a disk upgrade or OS re-installation.
For more on the topic of Hybrid EFI, I recommend the following:
Web pages I've written that are relevant to this topic include:
If you have problems with or comments about this Web page, please e-mail me at email@example.com. Thanks.
Return to my main Web page.


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Megaupload boss Kim Dotcom (read our in-depth profile) was denied bail on Thursday by a New Zealand court. Dotcom insisted that he had no desire to flee the country and merely wanted to be with his pregnant wife and their three young children. But US attorneys argued the Dotcom posed a severe flight risk, and the court rejected Dotcom's bail request.
In court testimony, Dotcom described the dramatic raid on his home by law enforcement. Dotcom told the court that he didn't know the people invading his home were police officers, so he fled to a secure "panic room." Once he realized they were police officers, he decided to stay where he was rather than risk surprising officers and getting shot.
Wayne Tempero, Dotcom's security chief, who is facing charges over weapons found during the raid, backed up Dotcom's story. "Not once did they say they were police," he testified. "They had civilian clothes on. The only things that I saw were flack jackets with a lot of pistols and automatic weapons."
"When somebody's pointing an automatic weapon at you and tells you to get on the ground, you get on the ground," Tempero told the court.
Dotcom charged that the police used excessive force once they reached the panic room. "I was punched in the face. I was kicked down on the floor. One guy was standing on my hand so my nail was ruptured and my hand was bleeding. It was quite aggressive."
"No funds left anywhere"
The judge grilled Dotcom on whether he had cash or criminal connections that would allow him to obtain fraudulent documents and flee the country. "I want to be absolutely clear about this," Dotcom told the court. "There are no funds left anywhere. Everything has been seized." He also denied that he had any criminal associates who could help him flee the country.
"I have absolutely no desire to breach any condition that is given to me," he said. "I will not run away. I want to fight these allegations on a level playing field and have a fair chance to defend myself."
"I have three little children," Dotcom told the court. "My wife is pregnant with twins, and is due in the next two months. I just want to be with them."
But Dotcom's pleas went unheeded. He was denied bail and placed back in custody.
Speaking to reporters after the decision, Dotcom's attorney said the outcome was "very disappointing" to his client. Dotcom "believes that he has done nothing wrong in relation to the charges the US government has brought," the attorney said. "He has made a home for himself and his family here in New Zealand. He has absolutely no intention of doing other than remaining here and fighting extradition."
He said Dotcom was still considering his options. He might appeal the decision or "make a further application for bail if there are new circumstances."
Listing image by Photograph by tvnz.co.nz

subset: commoncrawl


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Ducati Desmosedici GP9 carbon fibre frame
Ever since designer John Barnard built the 1981 F1 McLaren MP4-1 chassis from carbon fibre, the world has become increasingly aware of this novel composite material that is very stiff, three times stronger and more than four times lighter than steel! Within a year or two, carbon fibre became the construction material of choice for F1 designers. Strangely, it has taken nearly three decades for a carbon fibre-framed motorcycle to take a race win at the highest level. The World MotoGP Championship kicked off this evening in Qatar, with Casey Stoner taking the first win on the carbon fibre-framed Ducati Desmosedici GP9. His emphatic win indicates yet another competitive-edge Ducati technology to back up its landmark desmodromic valve-train and traction control technologies.
Unlike its four-wheeled equivalent (F1), where the entire cast at the pointy end of the field has changed, the most likely scenario in MotoGP is another enthralling season-long battle between superstar Italian Valentino Rossi and resurgent 2007 Champ, Casey Stoner.
The technological highlight of the pre-season has been the carbon fibre frame and swinging arm of the Ducati which takes frame technology to a whole new level.
Frames have not been constructed of carbon fibre previously because it doesn't flex enough, and the dynamics of motorcycles have made good use of the frame flex offered by metallic frame construction. As the metal frames have been stiffened, motorcycle race constructors have found that the natural harmonics of the frame material can influence many factors, often introducing wheel chatter and other destabilising vibrations. The harmonics of the frame is responsible for a lot of the problems race engineers encounter while setting up a bike to perform at its optimum.
As carbon fibre construction expertise has grown, and Computer Aided Engineering has given us the computational ability to lay the the angles of the the fibre in such a way that designer qualities can be engineered into a component, carbon fibre has been getting closer to use as a motorcycle chassis material.
In the beginning, its aforementioned qualities of being strong, light and stiff were what made it so attractive to F1 designers – Lotus also fielded a carbon fibre car in 1981, but Barnard's McLaren was a monocoque design, taking advantage of another carbon fibre property - it can be moulded into any shape.
The entire F1 field followed suit within a short time, and it seemed like just a matter of time before MotoGP machinery would do likewise. Strangely, it has taken nearly three decades for a competitive carbon fibre-framed motorcycle to challenge for a race win or a championship.
Honda experimented with an aluminium "shrimpshell" monocoque chassis in its 1978 four-stroke NR500 MotoGP bike, but the other novelties of the technological tour de force (such as the four-cylinder, four-stroke engine which had oval pistons) got all the attention, and the carnivorous British press was merciless in lambasting the machine, despite the fact that it got very close to being competitive against the two-strokes of the day – in hindsight, the technologies and innovative thinking used on the machine were remarkable for their time.
Honda experimented with carbon fibre extensively during this period, and it was used in the fairing of the NR500 in an attempt to reduce weight, though not in any structural sense. Whilst it was considered as a possible material for the NR500's shrimpshell frame, the shrimpshell concept was abandoned because it significantly reduced access to the machine's engine for checking, adjustments and part replacement during practice.
There were other racing bikes that employed carbon fibre in varying amounts in their chassis construction during the eighties, most notably the Armstrong Silverstone 250 grand prix racer and New Zealand visionary John Britten used carbon fibre for some structural components on his V1000 which is the only machine we're aware of to have won at international level sporting a frame made from the wonder composite. See also here for more on the remarkable John Britten.
The first use of carbon fibre as a structural component at MotoGP level was in the 1990 Czech Grand Prix by Italian company Cagiva. The bike was the Cagiva C590 two-stroke 500cc and Cagiva were the first to find out that the stiffness of the carbon fibre frame impacted many other aspects of the machine. Ridden at just two races by Randy Mamola and Ron Haslam, the Cagiva's frame was quickly replaced with a traditional tubular frame, never to reappear. As John Keogh, the most knowledgeable journalist on the subject of carbon fibre usage in racing motorcycles wrote, Mamola and Haslam found "the suspension set-up and feedback from the carbon frame so fundamentally different that their normal bike adjustments and suspension settings no longer worked and that the bike raised more questions than it answered."
Carbon fibre became very popular in many aspects of motorcycle construction during the nineties, though the only structural components made of CF were swinging arms and front fork outer, where its torsional strength and light weight offered tangible benefits in reducing unsprung weight. Many other parts of the racing GP machine became CF in the nineties, with brake disks, fairings, tanks and rear sub frames the major beneficiaries.
The critical advantage offered by carbon fibre is no longer that it is simply light and strong but the frame harmonics can be tuned. Ducati have tuned out the harmonics and made the bike considereably easier to ride, according to Stoner.
Throughout the pre-season, Stoner's new carbon Desmosedici Ducati has topped almost every session. At Qatar on the weekend, he topped every session, took pole, and was fastest in both warm-ups. His emphatic flag-to-flag win on the Ducati Desmosedici GP9 suggests Rossi will need to call on all his powers to keep the title.
There's an excellent video on the Motogp.com official site where Stoner's Crew Chief Cristian Gabarini talks through the ins and outs of the number 27 Desmosedici, explaining how the bike has been modified for Stoner's unique style and adapted according to the demands and availability of the latest technology. The interview explains the carbon fibre frame and swing arm, credited by Stoner as being a tremendous help in stabilising the bike.
Whilst on that note, if you aren't near a television with a MotoGP telecast, might we suggest you take a look at the direct offerings on the MotoGP site. Many broadcasters that take the MotoGP vision only run the race itself, whereas with the direct MotoGP feed, you get every practice session and a bunch of exclusive video in hi-def. It's just perfect for hardcore motorcycle enthusiasts.
First sighted the day after the Catalunya GP in 2008, the carbon fibre framed GP9 set fastest time in an official test the first day it hit the track. It was a positive debut for the machine in the hands of the then still-reigning World Champion - the Australian set best time of the day with a 1'41.533 on qualifying tyres.
Indeed, there has not been a session since where the GP9 has attended, that it has not been dominant.
In the first preseason test at Sepang in Malaysia, Stoner was best with a 2.01'043, narrowly ahead of Valentino Rossi 's 2.01'137
In the Qatar pre-season session, Stoner delivered a clear message with a time of 1:55.744, nearly a full second better than next-best Jorge Lorenzo with a 1:56.733 and a full 1.2 seconds better than his rival Valentino Rossi on 1:56.972.
At the final Jerez MotoGP official Test, where a new BMW sports car was up for grabs for the fastest, Stoner again blitzed everyone with an incredible lap in tricky conditions. Rain clouds threatened to dampen the atmosphere at the first seriously competitive action of the 2009 MotoGP season, but the Ducati Marlboro Team rider lit up the 45-minute shootout by registering a stunning 1'38.646 lap before the showers came and brought the practice to an abrupt end, smashing the existing circuit lap record by nearly 1.5 seconds. It was an incredibly encouraging result and beyond even Ducatis' lofty expectations, causing him to comment, "I really don't know where that fast lap came from, especially at this track where I've never even been on the podium before! It's been something of a bogey track for myself and the Ducati."
Having topped all three pre-season tests, two of them comprehensively, Stoner was clearly in awesome form going into Qatar, with perhaps only a question over the strength of his wrist, which was operated on last November, and whether it would hold out over a race distance. His speed was without question though as he topped every session and led from flag to flag. Though at one stage
Ducati is building itself a formidable reputation for innovation and technological excellence. Its desmodromic valve system, traction control and now carbon fibre frame have all been revolutionary in motorcycle design and it is to be applauded for its efforts. The carbon fibre frame of the Ducati is the brain child of Alan Jenkins, who previously worked in Formula 1 for McLaren, Footwork, Stewart and Prost as well as for Penske in Indycar Racing. Jenkins has championed development of the carbon fibre frame which has led Ducati away from its traditional trellis frame for the first time.
Claudio Domenicali, CEO of Ducati Corse, announced the company's commitment to the 2009 season back at the beginning of January, briefly assessing the 2008 season for the Ducati Marlboro Team. "Last season was certainly exciting, with some great moments for us and others that were obviously difficult. When you look at the numbers we won six races, set pole position on nine occasions and set the fastest lap in eight races. If it wasn't for probably the best Valentino ever, coming back from two difficult seasons and rediscovering the strength to have an exceptional season, those numbers would have surely added up to a successful defence of the world title. When you consider these excellent results and the fact that Casey (Stoner) is still only 23 years old, with plenty of potential to improve even more, once the disappointment is out of the way we can't be anything but satisfied with 2008 and confident about the season to come."
He continued: "For 2009 we have many new things, starting with the bike: the GP9 is characterised by a major change in the chassis, with the switch from the traditional Ducati steel trellis chassis with a carbon fibre frame that brings the upper part of the engine up to the level of the steering column. It is a change we have thought about and tested for a long time, firstly with Vittoriano (Guareschi), who is always our first point of reference. He gave his approval to the new system and then the official riders tested it at Barcelona. We won the MotoGP World Championship with the trellis frame so it clearly a very effective design but we have been looking to take another step forward that can help us overcome some of the problems we've had, specifically with the MotoGP bike. Amongst the other updates on the GP9 one of the most relevant is an evolution of the engine management system, with a new combination of airbox and mapping that should provide a flatter power curve and improve rideability, as well as improving outright power, which currently remains more or less the same as last year.
Domenicali then discussed the global financial crisis.
"It is definitely a situation we have to face up to right now but I would like to take a slightly different view of it, because whilst it is true that companies are having to face up to changes, with reducing sales of cars or bikes, on the other hand motorcycle racing, like so many other sports, is well loved, it has so many fans all over the world and it will find a way to move forward. We are considering a variety of proposals, together with the other constructors, the organisers and the Federation with this objective in mind; for example modifying the rules on the durability of the engines, which produce one of the biggest costs in MotoGP. The objective of extending engine durability is a matter for 2010 because it involves modifications that include the redesigning of internal components and that takes a certain amount of time. For this season we are looking at taking a step towards it by reducing the length of each practice session. Ducati also has to face up to this difficult situation but we have the support of solid partners: starting with our multi-year agreement with our title sponsor Marlboro, as well as Shell and Telecom. We have also renewed important contracts with Enel and Riello. There are also lots of other companies who promote their products through motorcycle racing with the Ducati Marlboro Team such as Alfa Romeo, Gatorade and Puma. Of course these are tough times but there are still plenty of ways to make sure that the MotoGP World Championship remains a leading promotional vehicle."
The following statement was issued by Ducati after the race in Qatar:
The most significant innovation of the DUCATI DESMOSEDICI GP9 is the monocoque frame in carbon fibre composite. The technical selection of this type of frame is the next step in the advancement of the bike that has undergone previous major developments in its GP3 and GP7 versions.
The concept of the engine casing has been the guideline of the DESMOSEDICI project. The objective is to create a chassis set-up in which each element carries out a specific function, to obtain the desired rigidity with as little weight as possible, thus attaining maximum efficiency. The engine, the main frame, the rear sub-frame, the rear suspension system (comprising swing-arm and linkage) and the front suspension system are the main components of the bike. The basic idea is to abandon the classic concept of the chassis as the element that connects all other elements, in favour of a design in which the engine is the central element to which the main frame, rear sub-frame and rear suspension system are individually connected. The GP3 was unique in having a rear swing-arm that was attached solely to the engine. In particular both the swing-arm pivot and the suspension linkages were connected directly to the engine without any attachment to the main frame. The GP7 featured a main frame that was totally detached from the rear sub-frame. Basically the engine was the central element of the bike. The main frame was used as link between the engine and the steering head. The rear sub-frame linked the engine to the seat and to the footpegs and controls. The two frames, main and rear sub-frame, that were still linked to each other on the GP3, were now only attached to the engine on the GP7, meaning that they were smaller and lighter. On the GP9 the main frame is formed to connect the engine to the steering head. The main frame now also incorporates the air-box in one single construction. This monocoque construction allows the air-box to function efficiently within the main frame.
Choosing to utilise the carbon fibre composite technology to create the frame means that, on the one hand, one can mould the piece into the desired form without incurring enormous equipment costs and, on the other hand, varying levels of rigidity and torsional characteristics can be attained simply by altering the type, the number and the directional orientation of the carbon fibres, using the same equipment. In testing carried out up until now the GP9 guarantees greater precision and stability in breaking and on entering corners. We maintain, however, that only by using it to race on the various world circuits will we be able to properly evaluate the potential of this technical solution. Employing the said technical solution in competition at the maximum level is the only way to effectively assess it in all its aspects.
DUCATI DESMOSEDICI GP9 Technical Specifications
Engine: liquid-cooled, 90 degree V4 four-stroke, desmodromic DOHC, four valves per cylinder.Capacity: 799ccMaximum power: more than 200hpMaximum speed: speed quoted by Ducati is "in excess of 310 kph/192 mph" - Stoner was timed at 331.1 km/h down the chute at Qatar during the race tonight.Transmission: Six-speed cassette-type gearbox, with alternative gear ratios available. Dry multiplate slipper clutch. Chain final drive.Carburation: Indirect Magneti Marelli electronic injection, four throttle bodies with injectors above butterfly valves. Throttles operated by EVO TCF (Throttle Control & Feedback) system.Fuel: Shell Racing V-PowerLubricant: Shell Advance Ultra 4Ignition: Magneti MarelliExhaust: TermignoniFrame: Carbon fibre chassis, pressed aluminium swing-arm.Suspension: Öhlins upside-down 42mm front forks and Öhlins rear shock absorber, adjustable for preload, compression and rebound damping.Tyres: Bridgestone 16.5" front and rearBrakes: Brembo, two 320mm carbon front discs with four-piston callipers. Single stainless steel rear disc with two-piston callipers.Dry weight: 148kg


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Busch stays hot, wins Darlington
The crowd booed him. He called his car pathetic. His crew missed a lug nut, and he couldn't stay off Darlington Raceway's wall.
Despite it all, Kyle Busch found Victory Lane once again.
NASCAR's least popular driver raced to his third Sprint Cup Series victory of the season Saturday night, winning a battle of attrition at the track "Too Tough to Tame."
"How many times did I hit the wall? I don't know, one, two, three, four, probably five or six," Busch said. "I've got to thank my team, they build them as strong as they can for me, 'cause I like to knock the walls down with them."
Busch's victory hardly thrilled the crowd, which viciously booed him in prerace introductions and hadn't softened by the time he took the checkered flag. Already loathed by many, he enraged Dale Earnhardt Jr.'s massive fan base by wrecking him as they raced for the win last week in Richmond.
It created a frenzy of hatred toward Busch, but the 23-year-old driver tuned it out and focused on what he does best: winning races.
The win was his eighth of the season spanning NASCAR's top three series, and he has won most of them in very convincing fashion. This one was no different, as Busch led a race-high 169 of the 367 laps in a Toyota he described early in the race as the "most pathetic" he'd ever driven.
He also overcame every speed bump thrown his way to become the youngest winner on NASCAR's oldest superspeedway.
"Darlington showed again tonight it's one of the hardest places. Always has been, always will be," Busch said in Victory Lane. "We're going to go through a lot of Mac tools trying to fix this thing, but that's OK. They gave me such a race car."
An offseason repaving project smoothed the asphalt on the egg-shaped, 1.366-mile superspeedway, and the new surface gave the entire field fits. It made the track extremely fast and grippy, forcing Goodyear to bring a very sturdy tire that could handle the speeds and survive long runs.
The combination of the smooth surface, hard tires and narrow racing line put passing at a premium, and forced several drivers into the wall for the infamous "Darlington stripe."
Busch was no exception, bouncing hard off of it at least twice in what was an eventful fight to the finish. He was leading early in the race but was penalized when his crew left a lug nut off his rear wheel following a pit stop, dropping him to 29th.
He battled his way back to the front, patiently picking off Jimmie Johnson, Earnhardt and finally seven-time Darlington winner Jeff Gordon to reclaim the top position. From there, the kid who chases the checkered flag every time he's on the track pulled away, forcing spotter Jeff Dickerson to beg him to slow down a mere 50 laps from the finish.
"I know you are digging, dude, but you've got to take care of that thing there," Dickerson radioed. "You're scaring the fans. There's not enough security up the Turn 2 wall. Just nice and easy."
But Busch isn't capable of going slow, and he stayed on the gas until the finish while stretching his Sprint Cup Series lead to 79 points over Jeff Burton.
"I can't tell you how many times he tried to give the race away by slamming into the wall, his right side was destroyed," Gordon said.
Carl Edwards finished second and was pleased with the outcome after initially loathing the new surface.
"Kyle had the best car. He was pretty unbeatable," Edwards said.
He was followed by Gordon, who was happy with the finish but frustrated he's still searching for his first win of the season.
"We know we have some work to do," Gordon said.
Earnhardt finished fourth, David Ragan was fifth and was followed by Matt Kenseth, Denny Hamlin -- Busch's teammate at Joe Gibbs Racing. Travis Kvapil, Dave Blaney and Burton rounded out the top 10.
Almost every driver struggled in some sense, and the problems started early, with Elliott Sadler losing control of his car on the second lap of the race -- squeezing Tony Stewart into the Turn 1 wall.
"I just made a huge mistake," Sadler said. "I just went in too low into Turn 1. I was actually trying to give Tony more room and I just got loose under him and spun into him. I know he's pretty mad at me, but nothing I did intentionally. I've never had any problems with him, and don't want to start it tonight."
The incident prevented Stewart, winner of Friday night's Nationwide Series race, from ever running with the leaders and he finished a frustrating 21st.
But Stewart's angst was nothing compared to what pole-sitter Greg Biffle felt after leading 95 laps, only to end his night early with a broken timing belt. The part failed after he'd already overcome two loose wheels, and the crew errors had Biffle seething after his early exit.
"I give 110 percent as a driver all the time and you just want your equipment to last and be able to win these races," said Biffle, a highly sought after free agent who has yet to reach a contract extension with Roush Fenway Racing.
"You can deal with a flat tire or something like that, but when it's self-induced, it makes it even harder. It makes it so hard to swallow."


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(Visit London Blog, 19 June 2013)
The days of top hats and butlers may be long gone, but the English gentleman lives on in London. The male equivalent to London Fashion Week, London Collections: Men, opened on Sunday. And on 13 July, the hilarious Chap Olympiad returns for its ninth year, with more Umbrella Jousting and Tug of Moustache. But where should a gentleman be seen in London? Here are some suggestions that would tempt even the Earl of Grantham away from Downton Abbey.
A barber-shop shave at Geo F Trumper
For the authentic English gentleman, stubble just doesn't cut the mustard. Luckily Geo F Trumper has been doing a fine line in traditional wet-shaves and moustache trims since it was established in 1875. Step inside its original Mayfair store and you'll find yourself transported back in time by its amazing displays of grooming products and beautiful mahogany-panelled private cubicles. Remember to book in advance.
Dress the part on Savile Row
Clothes maketh the man, so the saying goes. And when it comes to bespoke British tailoring in London, Savile Row is the place to visit. This famous road, parallel to Regent's Street, has long been home to top menswear brands such as Richard James and Gieves & Hawkes. Looking for something a little more edgy? Head to Hostem in Shoreditch, a hip menswear/lifestyle store that runs a sideline in bespoke suits, shoes, suitcases and accessories.
Gentleman's Afternoon Tea at Reform Social & Grill
Forget frilly tablecloths and flowery icing, afternoon tea at the Reform Social & Grill (located inside The Mandeville Hotel) is an undisputedly masculine affair. Think sweet rum & raisin pots, steak & snail sandwiches and meaty beef burgers, washed down with tea and a Bellini cocktail. It's so good the idea has caught on, with Gentlemen's Afternoon Tea popping up at other London venues such as Sanctum Soho.
Steak dinner at Hawksmoor
With its Art Deco style, plush leather seating and dark wooden décor, Hawksmoor Air Street near Piccadilly Circus looks like a modern gentleman's private members club – and has the menu to match. Tuck into Britain's finest "dictionary-thick steaks cooked over real charcoal" or alternatively go for the fresh seafood. Other Hawksmoor branches can be found in Guildhall, Spitalfields and Seven Dials.
A night cap at Albannach
According to 19th century etiquette, the men would remain at the table after dinner to drink and talk while the women retired to the drawing room. Today, it's all about the post-dinner drinking haunt. Places like The Vaults bar at Albannach restaurant near Trafalgar Square, with its private booths and 'cigars and whisky' matching menu, or the vintage Whiskey Bar at No 5 Cavendish Square.
Chauffeur services
At the end of a long night, an English gentleman need only say two words: "Home, James". Ensure your driver is ready and waiting to whisk you back to your hotel by making a booking with one of London's top chauffeur firms, such as iChauffeur, Tristar Worldwide Chauffeur Services or Central Chauffeur Services.
Stay at Sanderson London or Hazlitt's
Hang up your bowler hat for the night at Sanderson or Hazlitt's. Sanderson is a five-star, design-led hotel with everything a modern gentleman needs, including an in-house spa, Billiard Room and 24-hour gym. While Hazlitt's, also in London's West End, goes for the more traditional style. Located in a group of historic Georgian houses, it offers old-fashioned hospitality and style – think heavy frames, antique four-poster beds and period features.


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New Year Resolutions 2014
January 8, 2014 Leave a comment Go to comments
Even though we are now 8 days into the new year I hope it is going well for you (happy New Year!) The classic 'New Year's resolutions' come into play so I thought I would share mine with you (and more to the point, to help me keep on track):
- Keep fit and healthy – I am making sure I go to the gym a couple of times a week, drag myself out jogging and swimming. I would like to try a 5/10km run this year too. Since the beginning of November I have been experimenting more with veggie inspired dishes and following a pescetarian diet.
- Blog at least once every two weeks – I will try to blog more this year! As well as on my other blog over at beccasbeautyblogging.wordpress.com I always come across lots of other well-written blogs or engaging topics and never give my opinion; therefore I will aim to comment more.
- Travel – last year I managed to travel a lot in the UK but not abroad. This year will be different.
- Learn at least one new skill – for me, this is to play the guitar.
- Lastly, but not least, make good use of my time – 30 days might just persuade you to too!
Goals can help you remain focused whilst (without you knowing it) bring great happiness and success.
What are your aims for this year?
Categories: Blog, Opinion 30 days, aims, beccasbeautyblogging, blog, new year resolutions


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Sparco Top+ SH-5 Racing Shoes
Regular price $255.00
Unit price
Shipping calculated at checkout.
The Top+ SH-5 is made from high-quality, suede with a wide Velcro strap for greater ankle support and guaranteed fit and hold. The Top+ SH-5 has an anatomic pre-shaped latex insole with Memory Foam characteristics for ultimate comfort. The outer sole is anti-static and oil/fuel resistant and utilizes anti-slip technology for greater pedal feel. A balance point on the heel improves driving sensitivity. Available in black, blue and red in sizes from 36 to 48. Also availble in a leather and suede combination. The Top+ SH-5L features soft leather panels along with suede to give a comfortable fit. The Top+ SH-5 AND SH-5L are SFI and FIA approved.


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Burleson Concrete Works
Concrete Driveways, Patios and Retaining Walls in Burleson Tx
We are a full-service concrete contractor. We are a full-service concrete contractor that offers stamped concrete, driveways, finishing, staining and polishing, as well as driveway surface resurfacing. Patios, coating, patios. Concrete foundation repair and concrete crack repair are also available. We are proud of our work and our affordable prices.
Concrete Contractor Near Me
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Business Name:
Burleson Concrete Works
745 W Bend BlvdBurleson Tx 76028United States
(817) 662-6837
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Things to do in Burleson, Tx
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text: Journalists 2013-14 IntroductionWarning: This information may not apply to the current year. Check the content carefully to ensure it is applicable to your circumstances. End of attention This guide, Journalists 2013-14, is a simple summary of Taxation Ruling TR 98/14 – Income tax: employee journalists – allowances, reimbursements and work-related deductions. The Taxation Ruling provides information on tax deductions specifically for journalists employed in the print, radio and television industry, including radio and television presenters – that is, employee journalists. This guide will help you work out what deductions you can claim. It: looks at the common expenses you might incur as an employee journalist explains the claims you can and cannot make includes information about some changes to the tax laws that have occurred since the ruling was issued, for example, capital allowances. Use the Individual tax return instructions with this guide to get your deduction claims right. Remember, when you sign your tax return, you are declaring that: everything you have told us is true, and you have or can get the written evidence you need to prove your claims. You are responsible for this proof even when you use a registered tax agent. Publications and services To find out how to get a publication referred to in this guide and for information about our other services, see More information. Last modified: 01 Jul 2015QC 39803


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In a move that soils the impeccable reputation of the Jersey shore, 29-year old Ryan Ward was caught using his physical resemblance to Joba Chamberlain to get girls into bed.
"Well, I hooked up with over 62 at least," he said, making reference to Chamberlain's number. "I got slapped a few times and yelled at, too, but I'd say there were about 20 or 30 of them who had no idea who I really was." Even women who knew Ward wasn't really a Yankee often played along anyway, he said. "Some of them found it amusing. Some of them didn't even care," he said.
Girls can be so dumb sometimes. It makes me ashamed to be both female and from Jersey. The look-alike, who started his quest in June, was finally busted and released on $10,000 bail. No word on whether he instituted his own Joba rules. Somewhere the real Joba is wondering why the "I'm Joba" pick-up line doesn't work for him. Maybe he should try it on more girls from Jersey.


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Jays' miscue bails out Yanks
Bombers score twice in 11th thanks to error
TORONTO — The Yankees have been hitting home runs at an impressive rate. They earned their latest win, though, using some small ball.
Blue Jays reliever Aaron Loup made a two-run throwing error in the 11th inning and the Yankees beat Toronto 5-3 on Saturday for their ninth win in 11 games.
"Our guys are seizing opportunities and you have to do that," Yankees manager Joe Girardi said. "These games are hard to win but our guys have been resilient."
Shawn Kelley (1-0) got two outs in the 10th for the win and Mariano Rivera finished for his fifth save.
Vernon Wells hit the Yankees' AL-leading 26th homer and finished with three hits, including a single to start the winning rally.
"Big day for Vernon to get us on the board and then in that 11th inning, to lead off with a single," Girardi said. "Just a big day."
The Yankees have hit at least one homer in each of their first seven road games, their longest such streak since going deep in eight straight road games to start the 2002 season. But they didn't win this one with the longball.
"That's a sign of a good team, when you can take advantage of mistakes," Wells said. "Even though we have been hitting home runs, it's not something we're just going to rely on."
Wells and Francisco Cervelli singled off Loup (1-1) to open the 11th, and Ichiro Suzuki followed with a bunt to the third-base side of the mound that Loup and third basemen Brett Lawrie both charged. Loup fielded it and wheeled to throw to third. But with Lawrie out of position as he retreated back to the bag, the ball sailed into foul territory and down the left-field line, allowing both runners to score.
"I thought we had an easy play at third base," a downcast Loup said. "I didn't have enough awareness to realize Lawrie was crashing in on the play. By the time I realized he was backpedalling to the bag and wasn't there, it was too late and I'd already let go of the ball."
Wells said he was "shocked" to see Loup throw to third.
"You know what, you get in the moment and you make an aggressive play like that and sometimes it works out," Wells said. "You look great when it works out and bad when it doesn't."
The Blue Jays used a single and a sacrifice to put the winning run in scoring position with one out in the 10th but Kelley came on and got Rajai Davis to pop out, then got Melky Cabrera to ground out.
Toronto lost for the fifth time in seven games and fell a season-high four games below .500.
"You screw up the fundamentals, you're not supposed to win," Blue Jays manager John Gibbons said.
Yankees infielder Kevin Youkilis left after five innings with a sore lower back and was replaced by Lyle Overbay.
"His back locked up a little bit on the right side," Girardi said. "My guess is he's not a player for me (Sunday). I don't think it's anything serious but it's the tough part about playing indoors sometimes. The good part is it's warm today but sometimes that turf grabs at you a little bit."
Wells opened the scoring with a homer against Mark Buehrle in the second that hit the left-field foul screen, his fifth of the season and second in two days. Wells has five homers in 15 career games against his former team.
Wells improved to 23-for-47 (.489) against Buehrle.
"He's a guy who throws strikes and I'm usually a guy who's swinging often," Wells said. "I've gotten a few to fall in."


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You will need this permit if you intend to conduct building work. The permit must be obtained prior to work commencing.
You must also obtain a Certificate of Design Compliance (CDC) if you intend to construct a building or incidental structure. Your CDC must be in an approved form, and you must include a statement from your building surveyor that your building will comply with the applicable standard if your building is completed following your current plans and specifications.
The Building Regulations have more information about other details your CDC must include and what your surveyor must do when signing the building certificate.
A licence defines the need to obtain recognition / certification and registration to undertake a certain business activity.
To be eligible for this permit you must:
There may be additional requirements before approval is granted to your application. These requirements will vary dependent on factors such as the future purpose of the building or any other requirements dictated by the relevant permit authority.
As specified
Fees Details for this service in table format.
Certified building application fees:
Fees for 2022-23
Fee for uncertified building permits is 0.32% of the estimated value of the building (minimum fee $110.00). Fees for 2022-23
Fee to extend the duration of your demolition permit. Fees for 2022-23
Building Act 2011 Western Australia
Building Regulations 2012 Western Australia
The relevant agency has a limited period of time in which to approve or reject your application. For certified applications this period is 10 business days and for uncertified applications the period is 25 business days.
Town of Mosman Park
Contact Email, Phone and Address Details for this service in simple two column table format, header then data.
Town of Mosman Park
Building Services
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Today too many good-hearted people in the world give their corrupted leaders and policy makers the benefit of the doubt, citing incompetence or pathological compassion when attempting to explain away the rapidly increasing destruction and decay of their western culture in major cities undergoing the agenda for Controlled Chaos. The systematic and methodical destruction of natural resources and civilized cultural settings, destroying or hiding beautiful masterpieces of art and literature, and the intended decimation of artifacts and antiquities highlighting previous ages of an enlightened human culture is not an accident. Controlled Chaos is based on subjecting individuals to sophisticated methods of a global Psychological Manipulation designed to reform and suppress the mass consciousness, by Shaping False Narratives that destroy Unity and Empathy within humanity. Divide and rule strategies encourage divisions, conflicts and chaos among the opposing groups to prevent the formation of strong alliances and unification that could challenge the power of the Controller or Ruler. This extends to the negative entities, such as the Luciferian or Satanic groups, that exert further control over their human representatives that have been socially engineered to carry out their divide and conquer agenda against the human race.
Read more at: Sananda.website


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Keith Olbermann Objects to 'Some Ball-less Clown' Talking About Him
After today's post in which a former Keith Olbermann coworker mildly denigrates Keith Olbermann's choice of footwear, It took only minutes for Keith Olbermann's response email to hit our inbox. Here it is:
It musta been the shoes.
Honestly, another one that doesn't pass the smell test. I had Vibrams. It had even been written about. Our show director got me into them. Great walking shoe but dangerous if you run in them and don't weigh 175 pounds.
But your informant's insistence on the color reveals him as another faux source. If he says he saw bright orange ones, he never worked there. I've owned four pairs of them - all of them black. And I wore them every day for months. This is not a mistake somebody on the show would've made.
As to the details of the last program, those are also well known to people who weren't there. But the combination of surprise/loss/eight years down the drain, and supposed disgust with me the guy fabricates does beg a meta-question: if I'm the dick you guys are devoting yourselves to portraying me as, why does the source suggest the staff was sorry to see the show go? They all had the same jobs the next work day. Except the ones who went with me, who got promotions.
It was nice of Bob Friend to write in, though. I take his criticisms more to heart because, well, I actually worked with him, and just as in the office, he signed his name to it.
You know - as opposed to some ball-less clown making stuff up from behind the cloak of anonymity and, improbably, hurting whatever you guys have that is similar to credibility.
All of Keith's employees were very familiar with the color of each and every pair of his Vibram shoes, thank you very much. Better luck next time, ball-less clowns.
UPDATE: Keith emails again, "'Balls' meant colloquially and applicable regardless of gender, of course." Noted.
This cycle of response and counter-response could theoretically continue forever. Fingers crossed.


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Rent asbestos container in Ermelo
We have containers available in 2 different sizes for the asbestos waste stream.
If you are not sure which format to choose, please contact customer service. They can help you choose the right size for an asbestos container.
Extra information asbestos
In order to separate the waste as well as possible, we have indicated for each waste flow which materials are allowed in and not in a asbestos container.
What is allowed in an asbestos container?
- asbestos (special asbestos collection)
- asbestos-like (special asbestos collection)
Frequently Asked Questions
Couldn't find the answer to your question? No problem, our customer service is ready for you!
How fast can an asbestos container be placed in Ermelo?
We place containers in (and near) Ermelo on a daily basis. As a result, we can deliver the asbestos containers within 24 hours, if you order them on working days before 16:30 hours.
What size asbestos containers can be delivered in Ermelo?
We have asbestos containers available in the formats 6m³ & 20m³.
Do you need a different size asbestos container? Then you can always contact customer service to look at the possibilities.
What happens if the wrong materials are in an asbestos container?
It is of course possible that someone accidentally disposes of materials that do not comply with the rules. Fortunately, you do not have to dive into the container yourself to remove these substances, we will of course take care of that. In that case you will have to count on additional costs. If this is the case, we will inform you.
If you are not sure which materials may be disposed of in asbestos containers, you can contact us without obligation for more information.
How much does it cost to rent a asbestos container in Ermelo?
You can rent an asbestos container from € 959,-. The price includes placement of a asbestos container in Ermelo, removal and processing of your asbestos.
Other waste containers Ermelo
At Afzetbak.nl there is always an waste container in Ermelo available for different jobs, so there is always a container for your job!
Not sure which container is needed for your job, or do you just have a question? No problem, our customer service is available every day!


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The Pork Checkoff Service Center has logged more than 27,000 calls since its launch in July 2002.
That includes incoming and outgoing calls with producers and educators and others who work with pork producers.
From January to July 2003, the center had 17,665 producer contacts, on its way to an annual goal of 40,000 calls.
"Whenever I have a question about the pork checkoff or how my investment in the checkoff is at work, I can call 800-456-PORK for an accurate, timely answer," says Duane Bakke, Lanesboro, MN, pork producer and chair of the Producer and State Relations Committee.
Top on the list of reasons to call in is to check on certification programs such as the Pork Quality Assurance (PQA) program. Second reason to call is to listen to the Marketline, a recorded message about daily hog prices, or to order merchandise.


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Me TAL
ME Libraries
ME Libraries gives you access to free Alberta-wide public library borrowing! When you sign up online, you'll be able to visit libraries across the province and borrow materials--using your local library card! All materials are picked up at the owning library but you can return them to any ME library. ME Libraries only work with physical materials, so online resources and interlibrary loan services are not included. Who can sign up? Adults (18+) with a local library card in good standing and with an email address on the account.
TAL: The Alberta Library
TAL Online is your one-stop shop for requesting interlibrary loans. These are materials that you can't find at your local library or within the Trac system. By searching on TAL Online you can view materials across the province and request to have them shipped to your library.
With a TAL card, you can borrow materials from participating libraries, including academic, government, and special libraries! Loan periods and overdue fines may vary. Return the material to any participating library and it will be sent back to its owning library at no charge. Visit your local library to sign up for a TAL card. Click here for a list of participating members.


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As we celebrate Black History Month and unite around our stories and life experiences, we are sharing a few personal stories from colleagues in the Visa family to learn more about what has shaped them and become their everyday reality. Here, we talk to Sydney Hardwick, a UX analyst and researcher based in Austin, Texas, about what she has learned from experiencing unconscious bias in the workplace.
Q: How did you land at Visa?
I began my career at Visa as an intern in 2014. As a user experience analyst and researcher, I focus on interaction design, accessibility auditing and user research—essentially making sure our products are easy to use for everyone, everywhere.
Q: Can you share a life experience where you felt unconscious bias impacted you personally?
Before college, I had a job at a fast food restaurant. I will never forget one day when two women walked into the restaurant, and treated me like I had limited skills and aspirations. I was happy to share that I was graduating with honors and on my way to university to study engineering and technology. The look on their faces was priceless. Suddenly, in their eyes I became someone of worth and promise. That experience really impressed upon me the value of treating everyone with courtesy and dignity regardless of who they are or where they work.
Q: How do we go about addressing issues of bias or prejudice in the workplace?
Talking about bias and prejudice in the workplace is a touchy subject. I think the conversation can start with awareness; making sure that we're mindful of our differences and what makes each of us unique. Presumably a diverse workforce creates varied ideas and viewpoints that influence a collectively well-developed end-product. By being self-aware first, we can hopefully be more conscious of bias that we may harbor within ourselves.
Q: How do you think the experience in a corporate environment might be different for black professionals?
There has been an evolution. When my grandfather began working in the automotive industry painting cars, he was perceived as only being able to do that job. However, he worked his way up to supervisor and then became a union representative. He earned a bachelor's and master's degree but with every step up, he still experienced racism and prejudice.
I have benefitted because of what black people like my grandfather had to overcome. Race and the color of my skin are immutable and yes, I would like to see more people who look like me. I don't see many black professionals at senior levels and especially within technology. However, I'm blessed to have many highly qualified mentors of all hues and am fortunate to have respect from my peers and senior leadership.
Q: What advice do you have to young professionals of color or to anyone about to join the workforce?
I would say, have a good sense of self, be persistent in adverse times and trust the process. We also have an obligation to participate in our communities, whether on a professional or a personal level. We can't do any of this alone. If you care about something and want to see it grow, be a part of the effort and make it succeed.


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ITML True Center Rib Tray 18 count
Item No. 12702700
Note: Item has been discontinued and there is limited availability
|Additional Info
|Insert Tray
|Please Note
|Any other questions? Please chat us at the bottom of your screen, give us a call, or send us a message. We'd be happy to further assist you.
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Lyrics: Merl Saunders, Larry Vann
Music: Merl Saunders, Larry Vann
Played by Merl Saunders and Jerry Garcia in Reconstruction in 1979, with Ron Stallings on vocal. Also played by High Noon, with Mickey Hart on drums.
Here you come again girl
You got that little smile on your face
Tell me what's on your mind, baby
Tell me what you got to say
Well I've been tellin' my friends all about you
How good you make me feel inside
And now if there's a chance I'm gonna be with you
I'd sure like to have you by my side
I've been
(Tellin' my friends all about you)
Oh yes I have
(Tellin' my friends all about you)
I want everybody to know
(Tellin' my friends all about you)
I've been tellin' my friends, tellin' my friends
My love for you is so strong
I think about it all night long
Every time I get next to you baby
My body shakes all night long
All night long
It don't matter where I may be
My love [?] might come down
Who's ever going to be with me baby
Have to tell them just how fine you are
|Recorded By
|studio 2004
|Still Groovin'
|Merl Saunders


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Paper Rose DINO ADVENTURE 6x6 Paper 2801528015
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18 double-sided patterned papers. 3 each of 12 designs. Sheets are approximately 6 x 6 inches. 200gsm.
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Insurance Commissioner Mike Kreidler has issued a cease-and-desist order against computer maker Lenovo, barring the company from continuing to sell illegal service contracts in Washington.
From May 2008 to May 2012, Lenovo (United States) Inc. is believed to have sold $153,415 worth of service contracts in the state. The plans, which covered repair or replacement of damaged Lenovo products, can only be sold to Washington residents by a licensed insurer or a registered service contract provider. Lenovo is neither.
Kreidler also ordered the company to mail a copy of the cease-and-desist order to all its Washington customers within 10 days.
Nothing in the order prevents the company from fulfilling the terms of the service contracts or from issuing a refund, if requested.
The company's unauthorized sale of service contracts was initially disclosed by Lenovo itself when it applied for registration as a service contract provider in April 2011. At that point, the company said, it had already sold 855 contracts for $90,630.
When Kreidler's staff reviewing the application sought more information, the company failed to respond, and later withdrew its application (December 2011). Lenovo later said it sold a total of 1,327 contracts worth $153,415 to Washingtonians (May 2012).
The company has a right to demand a hearing. The order takes effect immediately.


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Society's Child
Libya quashes protest in Tripoli; West to aid east
Associated Press
Mon, 28 Feb 2011 11:37 UTC
The two sides in Libya's crisis appeared entrenched in their positions, and the direction the uprising takes next could depend on which can hold out longest. Gadhafi's opponents, including mutinous army units, hold nearly the entire eastern half of the country, much of the oil infrastructure and some cities in the West. Gadhafi is dug in in Tripoli and nearby cities, backed by security forces and militiamen who are generally better armed than the military.
In the two opposition-held cities closest to Tripoli - Zawiya and Misrata - rebel forces were locked in standoffs with Gadhafi loyalists.
An Associated Press reporter saw a large pro-Gadhafi force massed on the western edge of Zawiya, some 30 miles (50 kilometers) west of Tripoli, with about a dozen armored vehicles and tanks and jeeps mounted with anti-aircraft guns. Residents inside the city said they were anticipating a possible attack.
"Our people are waiting for them to come and, God willing, we will defeat them," one resident who only wanted to be quoted by his first name, Alaa, told AP in Cairo by telephone.
In Misrata, Libya's third largest city 125 miles (200 kilometers) east of Tripoli, Gadhafi troops who control part of an air base on the city's outskirts tried to advance Monday but were repelled by opposition forces who hold the rest of the sprawling base, an anti-Gadhafi fighter said. He said dozens of opposition fighters have arrived from further east in recent days as reinforcements.
In Paris, Prime Minister Francois Fillon said Monday that France was sending two planes with humanitarian aid to Benghazi, the opposition stronghold in eastern Libya. The planes would leave "in a few hours" for Benghazi with doctors, nurses, medicines and medical equipment.
"It will be the beginning of a massive operation of humanitarian support for the populations of liberated territories," he said on RTL radio. He said Paris was studying "all solutions" - including military options - so that "Gadhafi understands that he should go, that he should leave power."
Gadhafi opponents have moved to consolidate their hold in the east, centered on Benghazi - Libya's second largest city, where the uprising began. Politicians there on Sunday set up their first leadership council to manage day-to-day affairs, taking a step toward forming what could be an alternative to Gadhafi's regime.
The opposition is backed by numerous units of the military in the east that joined the uprising, and they hold several bases and Benghazi's airport. But so far, the units do not appear to have melded into a unified fighting force. Gadhafi long kept the military weak, fearing a challenge to his rule, so many units are plagued by shortages of supplies and ammunition.
Gadhafi supporters said Monday that they were in control of the city of Sabratha, west of Tripoli, which has seemed to go back and forth between the two camps the past week. Several residents told The Associated Press that protesters set fire to a police station, but then were dispersed. Anti-Gadhafi graffiti - "Down with the enemy of freedom" and "Libya is free, Gadhafi must leave" - were scrawled on some walls, but residents were painting them over.
In the capital, several hundred protesters started a march in the eastern district of Tajoura, which has been the scene of frequent clashes. After the burial of a person killed in gunfire last week, mourners began to march down a main street, chanting against the Libyan leader and waving the flag of Libya's pre-Gadhafi monarchy, which has become a symbol of the uprising, a witness said.
But they quickly dispersed once a brigade of pro-Gadhafi fighters rushed to the scene, scattering before the gunmen could fire a shot, the witness said. He and other residents in the capital spoke on condition of anonymity for fear of retaliation.
Tripoli was in turmoil on Friday, when residents said gunmen opened fire indiscriminately on protesters holding new marches. But since then, the capital has been quiet - especially since foreign journalists invited by Gadhafi's regime to view the situation arrived Friday.
Long lines formed outside banks in the capital by Libyans wanting to receive the equivalent of $400 per family that Gadhafi pledged in a bid to shore up public loyalty.
One resident said pro-Gadhafi security forces man checkpoints around the city of 2 million and prowl the city for any sign of unrest. She told The Associated Press that the price of rice, a main staple, has gone up 500 percent amid the crisis, reaching the equivalent of $40 for a five-kilogram (10-pound) bag.
Bakeries are limited to selling five loaves of bread per family, and most butcher shops are closed, she said.
Some schools reopened, but only for a half day and attendance was low. "My kids are too afraid to leave home and they even sleep next to me at night," said Sidiq al-Damjah, 41 and father of three. "I feel like I'm living a nightmare."
Gadhafi has launched by far the bloodiest crackdown in a wave of anti-government uprisings sweeping the Arab world, the most serious challenge to his four decades in power. The United States, Britain and the U.N. Security Council all slapped sanctions on Libya this weekend.
In Geneva, U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton was meeting Monday with foreign ministers from Britain, France, Germany and Italy, pressing for tough sanctions on the Libyan government. A day earlier, Clinton kept up pressure for Gadhafi to step down and "call off the mercenaries" and other troops that remain loyal to him.
"We've been reaching out to many different Libyans who are attempting to organize in the east and as the revolution moves westward there as well," Clinton said. "I think it's way too soon to tell how this is going to play out, but we're going to be ready and prepared to offer any kind of assistance that anyone wishes to have from the United States."
Two U.S. senators said Washington should recognize and arm a provisional government in rebel-held areas of eastern Libya and impose a no-fly zone over the area - enforced by U.S. warplanes - to stop attacks by the regime. But Fillon said a no-fly zone needed U.N. support "which is far from being obtained today."
Sabratha, 40 miles (65 kilometers) west of Tripoli - a city known for nearby Roman ruins - showed signs of the tug-of-war between the two camps. On Monday, when the journalists invited to Libya by the government visited, many people were lined up at banks to collect their $400. When they saw journalists, they chanted, "God, Moammar and Libya."
Ali Mohammed, a leader from the Alalqa tribe, the main tribe in the area, said in previous days Gadhafi opponents burned the main police station, an Internal Security office and the People's Hall, where the local administration meets. "I then held a meeting with the protesters to stop these acts the people said they will control their children and since then there has been no problems," he said.
"The thugs and rats were roaming the streets and they attacked the police station and then they disappeared," said resident Taher Ali, who was collecting his $400. "They are rats and thugs. We are all with Moammar."
An anti-Gadhafi activist in Sabratha told The Associated Press in Cairo by telephone that the opposition raided the police station and security offices last week for weapons, and had dominated parts of city. But then on Sunday, a large force of pro-Gadhafi troops deployed in the city, "so we withdrew," he said.
"The city is not controlled by us or them. There are still skirmishes going on," he said.
In Tripoli, a government spokesman blamed the West and Islamic militants for the upheaval, saying they had hijacked and escalated what he said began as "genuine" but small protests demanding "legitimate aand much needed political improvements."
"On one hand, Islamists love to see chaos ... this is paradise for them," he said. "The West wants chaos to give them reason to intervene militarily to control the oil."
"The Islamists want Libya to be their Afghanistan ... to complete their crescent of terror," he said. "This is not the first time the Islamic militants and the west find common cause."
AP correspondents Bassem Mroue and Ben Hubbard in Cairo, and Angela Charlton in Paris contributed to this report.


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LONGMONT — The Longmont Downtown Development Authority will be able to keep its TIFs for another 20 years.
The LDDA voted 165-68 to extend its tax-increment financing, authorizing it to issue up to $25 million in bonds. TIFs allow the district to use part of its property tax to make improvements in the area; the move does not raise or lower taxes.
Without approval, the TIFs would have expired at the end of 2013. Only those who lived in the LDDA or owned land or a business there were eligible to vote.
Scott Rochat can be reached at 303-684-5220 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Nuremberg in Retrospect
"It has crystallized the concept that there already is inherent in the international community a machinery both for the expression of international criminal law and for its enforcement."
In the April *Atlantic Monthly* I raised doubts as to certain aspects of the then uncompleted Nuremberg trial. Since that time I have had a chance to profit from comments of Mr. Justice Jackson, Professor Sheldon Glueck, Professor Max Radin, Professor Lon Fuller, an anonymous contributor to the July, 1946, *Law Quarterly Review*, and other writers; I have also read reports of the trial and have studied a summary of the judgment. This further investigation has led me to resolve some of my earlier doubts, and I hope that if I state my own change of views I may contribute to the thinking of others who are concerned about the great questions raised by this trial.
The doubt which seemed to critics of the Nuremberg trial most fundamental was whether the defendants could properly be held to answer a charge that they had engaged in "the crime of aggressive war." Was there any such substantive offense?
Many who replied affirmatively contended that "the crime of aggressive war" was no different from the specific war crimes (such as killing a captured enemy civilian) that had been defined in the Hague Convention of 1907. That is, they argued that waging an aggressive war was a crime that had been outlawed by a specific treaty or treaties; and that individuals who engaged in such conduct, like individuals who engaged in the slaughter of captured civilians, were triable by any tribunal established for the occasion by a warring power, and were punishable by any penalty prescribed for the occasion by that power.
That argument seems to me unsound. It does not seem to me that an examination of the pre-war treaties, conference proposals, diplomatic correspondence, and juristic writings shows that there was a specific international covenant that individuals who waged an aggressive war were criminals in the same sense that there was a specific international covenant that individuals who killed captured civilians were criminals.
But it is not sufficient to stop with that purely analytical approach. There remains this inquiry: Is it just to declare, after hostilities have begun, that planners of an aggressive war are criminal?
Those who believe that it is, make a twofold contention. First, they say that when these defendants planned this war both they and everyone else would have admitted that the planning of aggressive war was a violation of standards which, whether or not they had been formulated like the Hague conventions, were universally accepted by the international community in treaties and otherwise; and that no one should be surprised to see such deliberate violations stamped as criminal. Second, they say that international criminal law in its present almost primitive state is similar to early domestic criminal law, and therefore requires not only the application of enacted law and of judicial precedent, but also the retroactive declaration of new law.
At first I was shocked by those contentions. I was prepared to assent to the statement that the defendants deliberately violated standards which had been widely accepted. But I hesitated to concede that any state or group of states should have the power retroactively to affix the additional label "criminal" to conduct which, when it occurred, was commonly regarded only as a violation of accepted standards and of treaties. It seemed to me that to allow such retrospective labeling opened the door to an arbitrary selection of offenders. It struck at the roots of constitutional limitations on power and contradicted the teachings of the philosophers of liberty. Moreover, while I was prepared to assent to the proposition that some topics in international law could be, and had been, developed by judicial tribunals declaring the law retroactively, I was not aware that the particular branch of international law which dealt with individual crimes had ever been thought to be susceptible of retroactive codification by judges or by states.
On further reflection I have come to the view that the points stated in the last paragraph are not conclusive. I am now persuaded that in the formative period of international law it is just for a representative group of power retroactively to label as criminal, conduct which, when it occurred, was universally regarded as a serious violation of generally accepted international standards and treaties. To put it in a single sentence, the reasons for my change are that the failure of the international community to attach the criminal label to such universally condemned conduct would be more likely to promote arbitrary and discriminatory action by public authorities and to undermine confidence in the proposition that international agreements are made to be kept, than the failure of the international community to abide by the maxim that no act can be punished as a crime unless there was in advance of the act a specific criminal law.
It is a choice of evil. And I do not claim that my present belief can be proved to be correct. Essentially it is what the philosophers would call a value judgment based on these considerations. If the powers had not agreed upon a rational formula for indicting those who planned World War II, it is highly probably that either some state or some unauthorized individuals would arbitrarily and perhaps even ruthlessly have undertaken the punishment of capriciously chosen Nazi chieftains. If the treaties against aggression which had been negotiated prior to World War II were treated as mere statements of intention, then post-war treaties against aggression, no matter how precisely drafted, would have been regarded as imperfect obligations.
But, regardless of its provability, the scale of values which now seems to me sound puts repugnance to retroactive legislation in a less important place than repugnance to leaving unpunished serious violations of standards universally recognized by the international community and embodied in treaties and like international obligations. To guard against misapprehension, I should reiterate that the scale applies only to grave departures from standards that have been widely and formally accepted, and only when the conduct arises in the international field where and while the organs of the international community are so undeveloped and are so intermittent in their functioning that it is impractical to expect the declaration of criminality to be made in advance of the conduct.
Thus it now seems to me to have been "just," and even probably under some civilized systems of law even "legal," to have charged the defendants with the crime of aggressive war. But, in candor, I must add that I am not satisfied that it was "legal" under American law. I can best express my reservation by example. Suppose that Hess had been brought to the United States and had been here charged with, tried on, and convicted of only the crime of aggressive war by a military tribunal created by the President with or without the cooperation of other nations; and suppose that, having been sentenced to jail in the United States, he, like Yamashita, had sought a writ of habeas corpus form a United States judge. Would he not have had a right to be released on the ground that he was held in violation of the ex post facto clause of Article I, Section 9, of the United States Constitution? That is, does not the United States Constitution put at the very front of its scale of values a ban on retroactive criminal laws?
Before turning to the next topic, I should note parenthetically that some persons who shared my original view, that before the Nuremberg trial there was no substantive "crime of aggressive war," say that even after the Nuremberg trial they do not know what the crime is, because the victorious powers and their court have not defined the crime of which the defendants were adjudged guilty. To them the verdict implies no more than the proposition that the victors are empowered to punish the vanquished. They say that there is no definition as to when a war is "aggressive" and that there is no rule laid down for distinguishing between the organizers and the participants in such an aggressive war.
To this the answers are that the definition of "aggressive," like other legal terms, will acquire content by exemplification; and the full meaning will become clear only after sufficient cases have been brought before and adjudicated by competent tribunals. It may be difficult at some future time to determine whether a particular war is an aggressive war, but there was no difficulty in deciding that the Nazi war was an aggressive war, since it would be generally conceded that the term "aggressive war" at its least includes a war like the Nazi war, which is begun by an attack by those who do not themselves believe that they are in danger of immediate attack by others. And although it may be difficult to say how far down the line of command responsibility goes, responsibility certainly extends at least to those who, knowing there is no danger, both plan and direct the unwarranted attack.
These answers would have been more evident if it had not been for the almost absurd citations of Grotius and other jurists made by some supporters of the Nuremberg proceedings. These supporters often seem to argue that Grotius said (which, of course, he did not) that those who kill in the course of a war commit a legal crime unless the war is a just war; and that where a war is unjust, those who engage in it and kill their fellow men are murderers. Grotius's definitions of just and unjust wars refer primarily not to mundane but to divine justice. And he did not describe—few sensible people would describe—as murderer the common soldier required to kill his enemy in the course of an unjust war. Neither Grotius nor the powers who drafted the Nuremberg charter nor the judges or prosecutors who participated at Nuremberg have termed criminal those men who merely fought in a war not of their making.
Having shown why I now believe "the crime of aggressive war" is properly regarded as a substantive offense, I turn to the next doubt which has disturbed me: that is, whether that crime should have been tried before a tribunal composed exclusively of judges of the four major victorious powers. Was it a proper forum?
No one who has read the recent decision of the Supreme Court of the united States in the Yamashita case will find difficulty in concluding that it was according to law to try the defendants in a military rather than a civil tribunal and to try them before judges who were drawn exclusively from the victorious powers. But that conclusion leaves unanswered certain other questions.
While, so far as I am aware, it was legally unobjectionable to have the defendants tried by an English judge or a French judge or an American judge, or any combination of them, can we fairly say it was unobjectionable to have the defendants tried by a Russian judge on the *particular* charge of aggressive war which was presented? Did not the charge refer to an aggressive attack on Poland? And (while deeply sensible of the later horrible sufferings the Russians underwent from an unprovoked attack by Germany on Russia itself) can we say that the Russians (who in advance were apprised of the proposed German attack on Poland and who participated in the division of the spoils resulting from that attack) were suitable persons to participate in judgment upon the charge that the Germans aggressively attacked Poland? This is not an issue (as it is sometimes supposed to be) whether it is just to prosecute one group of criminals (Germans) and not another (Russians). It is the simper issue whether an apparent confederate is to sit in judgment on an alleged criminal.
While it was not legally necessary to have invited neutrals and even distinguished anti-Nazi Germans to sit in judgment at the trial, would it not have been politically wiser to have done so, since the type of issues raised by a charge of the crime of aggressive war, unlike the issues raised by a charge of strict war crimes, are so susceptible of national bias? Would not a tribunal which included some judges free of any connection with the victims of the aggressive attack have furnished a sounder precedent?
To these questions the usual, but not entirely satisfactory, answers are that the authors of the Nuremberg procedure believed that distinguished neutrals would not accept appointment, and that the Russians would not have sat with neutrals.
Two other political, rather than legal, questions remain. First, was it desirable to include this charge in the Nuremberg indictment when there were enough other charges of a more orthodox character upon which the defendants were being tried and were likely to be hanged? Second, was it better to have these defendants tried before a military court or to have them disposed of by a more summary executive procedure?
If the defendants had been tried solely on the grounds that they had engaged in war crimes in the strict sense and in crimes against humanity, the practical result for the men in the dock at Nuremberg would (with the single exception of Hess) have been precisely the same as it actually turned out to be. Hess is the only defendant who was convicted of the crime of aggressive war and the crime of conspiracy but was not convicted of other crimes as well.
Moreover, if the defendants had been tried solely on the grounds that they had engaged in war crimes in the strict sense and in crimes against humanity, there would from the outset have been a far greater degree of unanimity of professional opinion in support of the Nuremberg trial.
There were, however, countervailing considerations, which could well be thought more significant. If the defendants were charged only with the strict war crimes and not with the crime of aggressive war, it would have deeply offended the public sense of justice, for the public regarded the planning of the war as the greatest of crimes. To the general public it would have seemed grossly inappropriate to punish Goring only for killing a few named individuals, and not for starting a war in which millions were killed.
Furthermore, if the powers had not included in the Nuremberg indictment a charge that the defendants had committed the crime of aggressive war, not only would they have missed the opportunity to establish the doctrine that there is a world law against aggressive war, but their very silence and timidity would have weakened the force now, and perhaps for all time, of such declarations as had heretofore been made that aggressive war was outlawed.
There remains for discussion the problem whether it would have been politically wiser to have dealt with the Nuremberg defendants by a proceeding that was not judicial but frankly executive.
Before the Nuremberg trial began, those who, like myself, originally opposed a judicial proceeding stressed the following points, among others. There was a grave danger that the trial itself could not be conducted in an orderly way. The memories of the disturbances of the Laval treason trial and the Washington sedition trial were fresh in men's minds. There seemed no likelihood that the trial would be so arranged that the defendants would be given adequate opportunity to produce evidence and to examine and cross-examine witnesses. There was skepticism as to whether any defendant had a chance to be acquitted, particularly since it appeared that the tribunal might start with a presumption of guilt rather than a presumption of innocence. And it was feared that the tribunal would focus on the propaganda aspects of the trial and would be unduly concerned with the effect of the trial upon the public opinion of the outside world. Cumulatively, these considerations made many commentators doubtful whether the court could act as a court should act. And—though this was less important—it made commentators fear that the trial instead of persuading the Germans of today or tomorrow that our side was just, would persuade them that we were hypocrites disguising vengeance under the facade of legality.
To avoid such dangers, these critics suggested that victorious powers should frankly state that for reasons which would be announced to the world, and which would include a recital of the wrongs the defendants had perpetrated and the menace they still presented, the powers proposed to deny them further liberty and, if necessary, to take their lives. Before such announcement was put into effect, the persons named for punishment would have an adequate opportunity to present any evidence they had that they had been erroneously named or charged with wrongdoing. It was believed that a course so drastic and so plainly premised on an exceptional situation would never be thought, as a trial might be thought, suitable for incorporation in the permanent fabric of domestic systems of justice.
Now that the trial has been held, many of these forebodings are shown to have been wide of the mark. Judged as a court trial, the Nuremberg proceedings were a model of forensic fairness. Lord Justice Lawrence and his associates acted with dignity and firmness and with eyes directed only to such matters as judges ought to consider.
Moreover, the very length of the trial has shown that those who originally favored a summary proceeding had overestimated the knowledge which the Allies had in advance of the trial. A year ago they did not have the specific information necessary promptly to prepare a reliable recital of who were the chief offenders and what were their offenses. Indeed, if it had not been for the trial and the diligent efforts of the staff of able lawyers and investigators, acting promptly and in response to the necessities of legal technique, the important documents in which the defendants convicted themselves might never have been uncovered. Thus the trial gave the victorious powers the adequate record which they required for proper disposition of the defendants and simultaneously gave historians much of the data which the world will require for proper evaluation of the causes and events of World War II.
But the outstanding accomplishment of the trial which could never have been achieved by any more summary executive action, is that it has crystallized the concept that there already is inherent in the international community a machinery both for the expression of international criminal law and for its enforcement. The great powers of the world have agreed that it is in accordance with justice for a group of nations to establish on an ad hoc basis a tribunal, first, to review the state of world opinion on conduct, in order to determine whether that conduct, when it occurred, was so universally condemned as an international wrong that it can be called a "crime"; and second, to apply that determination to individuals.
No doubt such an ad hoc method is not satisfactory as a covenant made by all the powers in advance of wrongful conduct—a covenant describing such conduct, fixing the tribunal which shall try offenders and fixing the penalty which shall be imposed. But until the world is prepared to follow the more satisfactory method, it has every reason to be profoundly grateful to Mr. Justice Jackson and his associates, who, in the face of enormous practical difficulties and widespread theoretical criticisms, persisted until they demonstrated the justice of the ad hoc method adopted at Nuremberg.


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Machine and Deep Learning
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text: 20 years. It's been 20 years since the very first Pokémon games – Pokémon Red and Blue – were released in the United States and sparked a revolution that still resonates to this day. 20 years later, Pikachu remains one of the most immediately recognizable and iconic mascots in all of gaming, right up …Read More »