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Bond Reinvented
London's famed Pinewood Studios is abuzz. Not only is the colossal 007 soundstage—the largest in the world—engulfed in flames and pyrotechnic explosions for the harrowing climax of the 22nd James Bond film, Quantum of Solace, but it's the last day of principal photography for what has been one of the most ambitious and tumultuous Bond films in the legendary franchise's 46-year screen history.
Two years ago, producers Barbara Broccoli and her stepbrother, Michael G. Wilson, took an enormous gamble on Casino Royale—amid much media and fan uproar—by completely rebooting the 007 series. Their back-to-basics decision meant jettisoning both the trademark fantasy formula for grittier storytelling, and the ultra-suave and sophisticated Pierce Brosnan for the more rough and rugged Daniel Craig. But the payoff proved to be an unexpected windfall, garnering not only glowing critical raves around the globe, but a record-breaking box office jackpot of nearly $600 million worldwide.
Now, in an effort to raise the bar even higher, more changes are in store for Quantum of Solace. Having proven himself worthy of the iconic tuxedo, Walther PPK and "00" license to kill, Daniel Craig considers that success double-edged. "Now people may look back and say, 'Oh, Quantum of Solace isn't as good as Casino Royale,'" muses the 40-year-old Craig. In other words, the fear is that Casino Royale's success was due in part to "the curiosity factor about the new guy," he says with a smile.
"So now if this one goes wrong, it really is all my fault," quips Craig with a huge burst of laughter.
But make no mistake: Bond is serious business. Especially for Craig. He repeatedly stresses the need to push the series even further with Quantum of Solace. "We can't just repeat what we did last time," states Craig. "Otherwise, we really will fail. What we've deliberately done, and I've really put all my energy into doing, is once again creating a very different movie. We have to. Because I feel we owe it to the people who loved Casino Royale to give them something different, and something even better."
The heat is on. Quite literally. The special effects team reignites the inferno for another take of Craig and Ukrainian-born actress Olga Kurylenko—playing the feisty femme fatale Camille—fighting their way out of a collapsing hotel, the exteriors of which have already been filmed on location in the desolate desert landscape of Chile (doubling for Bolivia) three months earlier. A team of makeup artists carefully applies one last coating of flame-retardant gel to the faces and extremities of Craig and Kurylenko.
The two get into position just outside a doorway jamb. Craig gives a confident nod to Kurylenko as they both pause to exhale a deep breath. "Action!" suddenly echoes loudly throughout the set. Right on cue, plumes of smoke billow out of the charred remains, ear-piercing detonations begin discharging and flames soar around the pair as they race through the collapsing building, dodging explosions and falling debris.
As the temperature inside the 007 soundstage quickly rises to stifling levels, the only person not breaking a sweat is the director, Marc Forster. With three cameras rolling simultaneously on the dangerous action sequence, Forster is calmly watching the pivotal stunt on multiple video monitors, intensely studying the pair's escape route through the crumbling smoke-filled set.
"Cut!" he yells over the controlled chaos. Breathless, Craig and Kurylenko return to Forster's side to watch their choreographed maneuvers on the playback monitors. If Forster strikes you as an odd choice to be helming a $200 million James Bond thriller, you're not alone. The soft-spoken, German-born filmmaker was just as perplexed when producers Broccoli and Wilson approached him with the unusual offer. Acclaimed for his low-budget, Oscar-nominated, intimate character-dramas like Monster's Ball, Finding Neverland and The Kite Runner, Forster admits he initially thought it was a practical joke when he received the phone call. "My first words were, 'I think you've got the wrong director,'" recalls the 39-year-old Forster with a laugh. "Then, 'Why me?'
"But Barbara said that because they started taking Casino Royale in a different direction with Daniel, they wanted to take it even further with a real storyteller. And they offered me total creative freedom . . . so I felt I could explore the fascinating psychology of the beginnings of James Bond. Plus, Daniel is such an interesting actor, and I had never done an action movie, let alone a movie with a budget over $20 million. So I figured I could learn a lot from this . . . "I mean, if you're going to make a commercial film, then why not do the crown jewel of them all," chuckles Forster. "And that's James Bond!"
How Craig ended up as James Bond, 007, one of the most enviable and recognizable roles in cinema history, is a study in contradictions. As a kid growing up in Chester and then neighboring Liverpool, Craig never remembers "posing in front of a mirror pretending to hold a gun" and saying those immortal three words: "Bond . . . James Bond." He's probably the only guy in the U.K.—heck, the entire Western world—who didn't do that at some point in his adolescence. "I guess I just really didn't make that kind of connection with the character," he figures.
Craig does remember 1973's Live and Let Die as his first experience in a cinema. He was enthralled with all kinds of films, he says, from old Westerns, gangster flicks, comedies and Star Trek (he admits to harboring a secret ambition to appear in one of the Trek films or TV shows). Craig's parents—an art teacher mother and a father in the Merchant Navy who went on to manage local pubs in the neighborhood—divorced when he was four years old. Craig, along with his older sister, moved with their mom to central Liverpool.
The three frequently made trips to watch plays at Liverpool's famed Everyman Theatre, which Craig remembers as having a profound influence on his life. "I was at a very impressionable age, and that became such an amazing experience for me . . . it was all very exciting." It's why he left school at 16 to join the National Youth Theatre in London, struggling to support himself with odd jobs in restaurant kitchens and as a waiter.
These were hard times for Craig, but he was admittedly bitten by the acting bug and was determined to further himself by studying at London's prestigious Guildhall School of Music and Drama. From 1988 to 1991, Craig received one of the country's finest—and harshest—acting educations. Some of his contemporaries at the time included Rhys Ifans and Ewan McGregor, and later Damian Lewis and Joseph Fiennes. Fresh out of school, Craig would get his first break playing a pro-apartheid cadet in director John Avildsen's 1992 film The Power of One, and was then cast as a sinister German soldier in an episode of the TV series "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles." All the while, Craig continued indulging in countless theatrical productions in London, honing his craft while taking parts in various British TV shows, the most notable being the popular BBC miniseries "Our Friends in the North" in 1996.
Though he was often in demand, it was not a meteoric rise to fame for Craig. Rather, he slowly simmered as one of the industry's best-kept secrets, which partly stemmed from Craig's aversion to interviews and steering clear of the "whole media-circus fame game." Instead, Craig chose to focus on an eclectic array of intense, offbeat and complicated characters, in a series of independent films and in such productions as Elizabeth (1998), opposite Cate Blanchett, where he had a small but impressive role as a monk involved in a murderous plot against the queen.
His jump to bigger-budget Hollywood fare was slow and steady, first as an old flame and fellow tomb raider opposite Angelina Jolie in Lara Croft: Tomb Raider (2001) and then as the angry son of Paul Newman's Irish mobster patriarch in Sam Mendes's acclaimed Road to Perdition (2002). He followed that as poet Ted Hughes, the husband of feminist icon Sylvia Plath (played by Gwyneth Paltrow) in the biopic Sylvia (2003) and then received stellar reviews as an average bloke caught in the middle of a deadly obsession, opposite his old Guildhall peer Rhys Ifans, in the 2004 adaptation of Ian McEwan's novel Enduring Love.
But it was in his next film that Craig found his most memorable role to date, playing a coke dealer seeking early retirement in the 2004 British gangster flick Layer Cake. It was that acclaimed performance that immediately put Craig at the top of Broccoli's list of possible Bond contenders. But she wasn't the only one who wanted to swoop up Craig's services. Steven Spielberg, who was equally impressed with him in Layer Cake, cast Craig as a Mossad agent pursuing the Palestinian terrorists behind the massacre at the 1972 Olympics in 2005's Munich. That same year, after more than two dozen films and countless stage and television roles, the offer of a lifetime finally landed in the lap of the 37-year-old Craig. The only problem was he had no interest in playing James Bond.
"When Barbara and Michael asked me to do this, I turned around and laughed at them because I just thought it was the most ridiculous thing I'd ever heard," Craig admits, shaking his head. "I guess because I'd just never thought about it, and the way they made their movies—while I thought they were great fantasy films, I never pictured myself doing [them]. Don't get me wrong. I was extremely flattered, and I hoped to be involved with them in some form, but I just never thought about playing James Bond. But after I got to talking with them, I realized that they wanted to do something completely different and go back to basics, and that they were open to suggestions . . . "I mean, I've made enough movies now—God knows how many, and not all that good either," he laughs, "but all that experience . . ." Craig's voice trails off, and he suddenly turns serious. His steely blue eyes narrow. "I said to them, 'Look, if you give me scope to have a say and some involvement in the story—or at least humor me in the best possible way—I can walk onto that set and be James Bond.' "Because that's what it really boils down to," he continues. "I mean, you walk onto a set and we've got maybe 300 crew members here who've seen it all before. This crew that we work with have made films with every single movie star that you've ever known, and that's very intimidating. So I've got to be able to have the gravitas to walk on that set and say, 'It's OK . . . I've got this covered.' If I can say that to them, then that's where it starts for me." Craig admits that the script, penned by Crash writer-director Paul Haggis and the writing duo Robert Wade and Neal Purvis, was what finally persuaded him. "It was just too much of a challenge, really too much of a challenge, for me to turn down," he says. "I never expected it to be that good."
Quantum of Solace is the first of the 22 James Bond films considered to be a true sequel. The title comes from an original Ian Fleming short story penned as part of his 1960 Bond anthology, For Your Eyes Only. However, the similarity between the film and story is in name only. The key to Quantum of Solace is Bond's grief over the betrayal and death of Vesper Lynd, the love interest played by Eva Green in Casino Royale. And in fact, this film picks up exactly 20 minutes from where Casino Royale left off, where the sinister Mr. White (Jesper Christensen) is shot and captured by Bond at Lake Como, Italy. Quantum's spectacular opening sequence, which took eight weeks to shoot, involves a precarious 125-mph chase of Bond's Aston Martin DBS by an Alfa Romeo 159 along the hairpin twists and turns of the mountainous cliffs and tunnels. The sequence culminates in a pulse-pounding foot pursuit through the crowded cobbled streets and across the sprawling rooftops of Siena, then down below the city into the cavernous medieval aqueducts while Il Palio, the famed horse race, thunders above in the Piazza del Campe. "It will absolutely blow people away," assures Craig.
But perhaps just as powerful is the pivotal interrogation by Bond and M (Judi Dench) of the dying Mr. White, who impudently sputters forth details of his shadowy organization—which blackmailed Vesper—called Quantum (shades of SPECTRE), which is far more complex than they could possibly imagine: Quantum's tentacles spread across the globe, and its double agents are inserted deep within the British government, MI6 and the CIA.
Forensic intelligence links one of those MI6 traitors to a bank account in Haiti, with Bond immediately in hot pursuit. There, he encounters the rogue agent Camille (Kurylenko), who has a deadly score to settle with the apparently benign eco-friendly billionaire Dominic Greene (played by acclaimed French actor Mathieu Almaric), the chairman of Greene Planet who is in fact fronting for Quantum in orchestrating a Bolivian coup in exchange for a seemingly barren piece of desert land. In reality, that parched property will secretly allow Quantum to seize control of South America's water supply. But Bond's thirst to avenge Vesper's death puts MI6 in jeopardy after his reckless disregard of M's orders forces her to cut him loose from Her Majesty's Secret Service.
"There's a real internal struggle going on within him," explains Craig of Bond's self-destructive plight, "because he soon finds that everything he understood about the world has been turned upside down. What we set in motion in the last film escalates much further." It's why Broccoli and Wilson insisted on the film's ambiguous title, which some felt would leave filmgoers stumped and hinder the film's marketability. "It's an original Fleming title and it's very appropriate in telling the journey Bond is on in this film," explains Broccoli over afternoon tea in her Pinewood Studios office. "There was such a big brouhaha about using 'Quantum of Solace,'" she admits, rolling her eyes, "but everybody seems to have calmed down and accepted it. People are remembering the title because it is so unusual . . . and when audiences see the film, they'll completely get it."
Craig enthusiastically agrees with Broccoli. "Yeah, of course we could've gone with a snappier title, but we made such a huge effort on Casino Royale to take the series to a new place, and we wanted that to continue," he asserts. "I mean, this title is meant to confuse a little . . . it's meant to make you wonder, and that's exactly what we want as people come into the film. Ian Fleming always has a very emotional line through his books, and Quantum of Solace is quite a moving story for him—it debates relationships and how they hurt.
"And actually, I think it comes from the way Fleming was feeling in his personal life at the time," Craig elaborates. "What he suggests is that if you don't have that 'quantum of solace' in your relationship, you should give up. It's that level of comfort . . . and at the end of the last movie, Bond doesn't have that because the love of his life was taken away from him."
Craig praises Forster's skill at probing those darker recesses of Bond's psyche, but also is quick to point out that Quantum of Solace is not going to be some deeply disturbing psychological drama either.
"After all, we are making a James Bond movie," chuckles Craig. "But hopefully we've created something that is more a look back at the earlier Bond movies about style and locations and romantic ideas of how the world is." That retro feel extends to Craig himself, who many now consider the heir apparent to Sean Connery's brutal and brash interpretation of the iconic superspy. While Roger Moore and Pierce Brosnan each brought a charming playboy panache to the role, Craig's Bond is dark, dangerous and menacing. Ironically, those singing Craig's praises the loudest are some of the same Bond purists who initially unleashed such vicious and vitriolic attacks on Craig when he was first announced as the new 007. Yet Craig remains modest about those comparisons to Connery. "It's hard to comment on something like that, but yeah, I can't help but be very proud . . . it's very nice of people to say that," he says, smiling. "Although not everybody thinks that . . . believe me, I know," he quickly adds. "Some people still don't think I'm any good!"
Flash back to March 2006, and Craig wasn't nearly as sure-footed when I interviewed him on the set of Casino Royale along the sun-drenched shores of the Bahamas. Though 007 had tangled with the world's worst villains and megalomaniacal madmen over four decades, Bond's greatest nemesis during the production of Casino Royale proved to be the media. SMERSH, SPECTRE, Auric Goldfinger and Blofeld were mere paper tigers compared to the Fleet Street tabloids, which locked Craig firmly in their crosshairs, taking potshots at the classically trained stage actor on an almost daily basis. Deposed dictators usually received a much warmer welcome from the populace. Hounded by the brutal and highly personal critiques of his seeming lack of necessary Bondian attributes, Craig tried his best to take it all in stride.
"Quite honestly, I didn't really expect this at all," Craig told me at the time, when his most recognizable films in North America were Munich and the little-seen Layer Cake and The Jacket. "I mean, I've been acting a while now, and I've been in some big movies before, but certainly nothing near this level. And I guess I'm learning that you can't believe the good stuff and you can't believe the bad stuff. You kind of still take it in, but I'm really trying to ignore it. I have to. I'm getting on with this."
Craig did admit, however, that the furor back home—where James Bond is a matter of national pride, considered as much a British institution as afternoon tea, the queen and the Beatles—helped him up the ante on his performance. "I've been giving 110 percent from the very beginning, and maybe now after all this criticism, I'm trying to give 115 percent . . . but I mean, I'm giving everything I possibly can," he insists. "We're making a fabulous movie here, and therefore, I think we're going to make a fabulous Bond movie. "So once it's all done and dusted, and the movie is out, then people can say whatever they want," he shrugged. "They can bloody criticize it then. But it's so silly for anyone to attack what we're doing because nobody has seen it yet."
Of course, the tide quickly turned once critics and audiences glimpsed Craig in action when Casino Royale premiered in November 2006. He recalls finally breathing a sigh of relief as the opening weekend box office figures started rolling in while he, Broccoli and Wilson were at a hotel bar in Switzerland on a promotional stop. "Suddenly, the studio starts texting all these numbers to us, and they kept coming and coming and going up and up and up . . . and that's when I really felt it. That's when the surprise really happened for me. I mean, we always knew we had a great movie, but people reacted way beyond how we thought they would." But he humbly admits there was no gloating on his part. "There was never a point where I punched the air," Craig says with a genuine sense of humility. "There was no kind of, 'See, I told you so!' I just always kept saying, 'We're making the best movie we possibly can . . . just wait.' And thankfully, that worked."
Despite the initial media backlash, Broccoli says they never doubted their choice to succeed Pierce Brosnan. "Those people who came out against Daniel weren't as familiar with his work as we were," she says. "Because we live here in the U.K., we're very familiar with the actors here. I remember I saw Daniel in 'Our Friends in the North.' I saw him in Elizabeth. I thought, 'My God, he has such an extraordinary presence.' When you look at his body of work, he can be both a character actor but also the leading man. And a star. That's a rare quality to have all those three. We had absolutely no doubts. "Plus," she adds, "Daniel is very much of this century. He's not afraid to peel back the layers on the screen. He's not afraid of Bond's emotions. And as you know, in Fleming's books you found out a lot more about Bond's internal state of mind and emotions, and it's very hard to translate that into film without the character sounding too verbose. So a lot of that has to be conveyed from the inside out. And Daniel is able to do that because he's such a phenomenal actor. He's taken it to a whole other level, and I think that's what people really responded to. They like the fact that you don't know what Bond is going to do. He's not predictable. There's a real internal struggle going on, and he lets you get glimpses of that. But he can also be as powerful and dangerous as he needs to be, and yet also accessible emotionally. That's a very potent cocktail."
But shaking and stirring the Bond franchise by hitting the reset button for Casino Royale was tricky business, especially considering that Brosnan's last outing, Die Another Day, had grossed nearly $450 million. The question was, why toss out all the beloved ingredients—Miss Moneypenny, Q, the gadgets, the cheeky humor—long cherished by Bond fans? Why risk messing with success? "Well, I think we've seen Bond films go through different periods of change," explains Wilson, who first served in a producing capacity on 1977's The Spy Who Loved Me along with his late stepfather, Cubby Broccoli. "In the 1970s they got bigger and bigger and more fantastic until we reached Moonraker (1979) in outer space. And we realized that it was going in the wrong direction and we brought it back to basics with For Your Eyes Only (1981). "So what we saw with Die Another Day is that we got to that same point," he candidly admits. "We started getting too high in the sky—outer space, invisible cars—the technology began to overwhelm the story and the characters. We felt it was very important to bring it back down to Earth."
Wilson agrees that tinkering with such a proven formula could've had enormous financial repercussions, but he and his stepsister both felt that this Bond redux was a risk they were willing to stake the series on—as well as their family legacy. "At the end of the day, what's really important—not just for the audience, but ourselves—is that we are doing stuff that we believe in, that makes us enthusiastic. And if we're enthusiastic about it, it will come across as a great film. Because after Die Another Day, we were confronted with a situation where we said, 'We'll have a guaranteed winner if we just do the same thing over again.' But I think we would've lost a lot of what we think is important to this series." Though Q and Miss Moneypenny won't be back for Quantum of Solace either, Wilson doesn't rule out their return at some point in the future. "Those characters will come into his world when they're needed to tell the story," he figures.
It's now a few weeks after filming has wrapped on Quantum of Solace, and over a lunchtime interview at London's posh Landmark Hotel, Daniel Craig is noticeably more relaxed, if not downright giddy. Dressed conservatively in a powder blue shirt, navy cardigan and gray pants, Craig reflects on the past six months of what has been a grueling, often 18-hour, seven-day-a-week schedule. "The last one seemed like a walk in the park compared to this one," he admits. And he has the battle scars to prove it. He's still sporting a facial scar along with a bandaged and splintered index finger, all incurred in the line of duty, while traversing the globe from Chile, Panama and Mexico to Spain, Italy, Austria and, of course, the MI6 home base here in London. Craig says the amount of intensive fight sequences and elaborately orchestrated stunts was purposely amped up on Quantum of Solace, necessitating an even more demanding physical commitment.
"The last time, I pulled my Achilles tendon and was limping around a lot—I was in major pain through a lot of the shooting . . . but now, it's a whole new set of injuries," he laughs, waving his broken finger. "For Casino Royale, I really pumped a lot of weights and bulked up, because I wanted him to look like someone who literally just dropped out of the Navy and was Special Services. But this time I wanted him leaner and have been doing a lot more running and stamina exercises. But because I've been even more physically involved in every aspect of this film, accidents are bound to happen."
Fortunately, Craig's nearly naked love scenes proved far less treacherous. "I'm an actor, so I've been an exhibitionist since as long as I can remember . . . they always help make the shoot a little easier," he says, laughing again. But as for his newly crowned sex symbol status, Craig is far less at ease. "I mean, I'm very touched by all that and it's very nice, but you need to have a sense of humor about it," muses the notoriously private Craig. "On the one hand, it's very flattering, but it also doesn't have much relevance in my life. I live with somebody [producer Satsuki Mitchell], so all my energy goes into our relationship."
However, that didn't stop actress Gemma Arterton—who plays Bond Girl "Agent Fields" (whose first name will be revealed in the film as a classic double-O-seven entendre)—from fulfilling her Daniel Craig fantasy with a steamy between-the-sheets liaison. "It was like a dream," gushes the ginger-haired 22-year-old about their love scene. "But I couldn't believe they scheduled it for my first day on set! I was sooooooo nervous, I can hardly remember it now. We had to do take after take after take, and each time I was just like, 'Goodness me, I can't believe this is actually happening' . . . it all felt so surreal." But now, in hindsight, Arterton admits director Forster made the right decision. "Doing that scene right off the bat before Daniel and I got to know each other was probably best; otherwise it would've felt weird—like I was kissing my brother or something. "Although I must say," Arterton adds with a sly smile, "Daniel is a very good kisser!"
Craig may send female hearts aflutter and exude an undeniable 007 "cool factor," but what does he consider his least Bondian trait? Craig chuckles, and sinks down in his chair. "I guess I tend to giggle a lot . . . probably way too much," he confesses, looking a little sheepish. "I like practical jokes and I like to have fun and I guess I really laugh and giggle too much and I tend to get in trouble for it . . . I guess that's not very Bond-like."
But Craig admits he often refers to the original source material for inspiration in his continuing interpretation of James Bond. "While we were shooting Quantum, I went back and reread the Fleming novels again, and started making further assessments about how [the author] perceived the character," explains Craig. "And the James Bond he writes is an emotional character; he's not just a robot. Obviously that's what we tried to get more of into this movie—you know, that he loves good food, he loves beautiful locations, he loves beautiful women. He has a genuine love for life's best. But he's also very ruthless. And so those two things together are interesting in the way that those two aspects of his personality knock off each other. The remorse that he has and doesn't have about certain things I think are really interesting and worth exploring more of in this film."
However, some of Bond's notorious habits haven't survived into this twenty-first-century incarnation. "I'm still amazed that Fleming wrote a Bond who smoked 60 unfiltered Morland cigarettes a day—that truly will kill you before any villain could," laughs Craig, who quit smoking himself while getting in shape for Casino Royale. "I just wouldn't have been able to run three miles down a road and then be tearing through the jungle and jumping over walls . . ." Although he still enjoys the occasional cigar, he says he's thankful Casino Royale forced him to quit his pack-a-day cigarette habit. Rest assured, however, 007 hasn't gone completely politically correct. "The drinking is still there, that sort of 'Dutch courage,'" smiles Craig. "It's funny, but I remember reading Moonraker, and Bond goes out to play cards at a club with the bad guy and he orders from MI6 some Benzedrine, which is basically speed. Bond then mixes that in with Dom Pérignon and that's how he starts the night," Craig marvels. "He then talks about how, during the evening, how jagged he's getting because he didn't get the mix right." Craig laughs in disbelief. "But I absolutely love that, because it plays into the fact that the guy is flawed. He's not perfect. Sometimes he gets things wrong and there are weaknesses in him. And I think those are the kinds of interesting things to put into the movie."
And Quantum of Solace certainly remains faithful to the brutality and violence of the books, because as Craig points out, it's all in context. "With the violence in the last movie, it was also very important that we showed the consequences of it," he states. "But we take it very responsibly—glamorizing violence is wrong. But it's James Bond—they are violent films about violent people. That's what these stories are all about—plain and simple."
One rainy summer evening, director Marc Forster screens a collection of various finished scenes at a private Soho screening room. He's still in the midst of editing, but from what he's assembled so far, Quantum of Solace indeed invokes a glorious '60s style reminiscent of such series classics as From Russia with Love and Goldfinger. The action has never been so frenetic, and the drama never so textured and nuanced. And sure to thrill Bond fans are a couple of surprise "winks" to past Bond hallmarks. "I just felt that I had to pay homage to the legacy," acknowledges Forster with a proud smile. "I'm really glad I did the movie I wanted to do," adds Forster once the lights come up. "So if it fails, it's my responsibility. But I never approached this film as trying to top Casino Royale. I've never approached a film like I'm making it for millions of people. I had to approach it as a film I would love. If I set out to make a film for masses of people to love and to be bigger than Casino Royale, it would be a failure."
Pointing to the screen, Forster adds proudly, "I'm really excited about this . . . it feels right and truthful to me. And that's the only way to make a film." Having now successfully written a completely new and unexpected chapter in the legendary 007 history, Craig remains committed to his world-famous alter ego. "It's certainly starting to seem that way," he says. "If everything goes well, and people still want to see the movies, then I'll keep doing them for as long as it holds. "Or until my knees go—whichever happens first!" laughs Craig.
David Giammarco is a print and broadcast journalist based in Los Angeles and Toronto. He interviewed Kevin Costner for the August 2008 issue of Cigar Aficionado.


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Not coming back.
Hate me
Master of the Fork
You come to moments in your life where there are two paths in front of you. One you know will probably end in more hurt and abuse. The other seems worse, you'll be in pain for a long time but you know it's for the best. I know which one to pick but my feet are stuck to the ground. I just can't start walking.
So I've started out this whole, 'telling people what I really think and saying no to things' phase. I am constantly walked all over and it's pissing me off! "Are you coming onto campus? Can you bring me some food?" Usually I'd be like, oh ok, no worries, now I'm like "Um no can't be bothered". I'm sticking up for me a lot more. Well not so much me, but what I want to do. After work on the weekends, no I don't want to go girly clothes shopping, I want to go back to my place put
I had a lovely visit from a friend that I met because of this site. I guess I just want to share that I had such a laugh and offloaded some crap, thanks Blue
I am just dying to get all the multi-player achievements for Gears of War, but I don't actually have any reliable xblive friends that can help me. If you're a 360 player and wanna help me out or need the achievements yourself let me know or take a look here.
I'm on a constant search for people I can relate to.
I used to find the internet one of the easiest places to do this but nowadays I find it one of the hardest. When I first joined Eyes on Final Fantasy (2006) I spent most time on the chat room making friends (and enemies) and would sometimes post on the forums. After a year or so of not paying much attention to the site I find myself posting on the forums, simply to pass some time.
However my 'social network' on here

subset: commoncrawl


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Things to Consider When You Are Traveling During Christmas Holidays
Christmas is supposed to bring peace and happiness around the world. Families and friends gather around for Christmas celebrations, share food, drinks, and gifts with each other, and party hard. At the same time, Christmas celebrations become stressful when you don't have a plan for yourself.
Things multiply when you are traveling out of the country or out of town. This is because you have to do a lot of packing, and have other stuff to take care of. Sometimes, it takes a toll on your head and your bank account.
In this case, you have to focus on your trip and the things you should carry for you to make your trip easy and cost-effective. You can consider using different apps to make sure that traveling for Christmas does not become an overkill. You can also consider the following points when you are traveling during the Christmas holidays this year.
Plan Your Trip Beforehand
Just like the other trips you have planned in mind, it is a better practice to plan your Christmas trips too. One of the reasons is that people feel immense pressure during Christmas times. You should remember to order the required ingredients for the Christmas dinner.
Also, you have to make sure that you have the gift items wrapped up. One of the reasons to rush things up, in the beginning, is that it will save you from the last-minute hassle and the mess you will create to get things done.
Also, make sure that you are done packing the suitcase a few days before your flight. Besides this, make sure that you have all your documents with you. You should have digital copies of all your documents saved on your smartphone. This will save you a considerable amount of time at the airport.
Try to Leave Early For the Airport
You might find busier roads because of the Christmas holidays as many people across the US look forward to traveling during this time. It is always wise to consider leaving early for the airport to avoid any unexpected mishaps on the way. Also, keep in mind that the traffic during these days is at its peak as Christmas comes closer along with the bad weather conditions that make driving risky.
You should check your flight and rail statuses before you leave for the airport or subway station. Besides this, people during these days might experience cancellations. So it is a good idea to prepare for it and have a backup plan. If the roads are snowy or wet, you might have to drive slowly, and this can cause delays. For this, you should carry an emergency car kit to avoid delays caused by accidents and breakdowns.
Try To Avoid Traveling During Peak Dates
It is a good idea to travel during the dates when people do not travel much. If you are traveling by air, you can select flights available on Christmas Day or Christmas Eve. Flights during these days are more cost-effective than the dates before and right after Christmas. So it is a good idea to fly during the holiday season. You can consider booking your flight using WOW Internet connection – click here to check out if WOW offers internet plans in your region or not.
You can even consider downloading a few booking apps to book your tickets or get information about your flights. Apart from that, you can download some essential apps for travelers that can make your trips safe and enjoyable.
Be Mindful While Packing Your Luggage
It is a good idea to be careful while packing your luggage. You should consider traveling light as you are supposed to carry different presents for your loved ones. If your baggage exceeds the specified limit, you might have to pay extra money. Consider packing the essential items first and then weighing your bag. If you have extra space in your bag, you can also purchase a few smaller gifts for your loved ones.
You can order the gifts online to avoid carrying extra weight and leaving less room for the essentials. Also, avoid wrapping the gifts before going to the airport as the security officers might want to inspect your bag, wasting a lot of wrapping paper and effort. Besides this, if you are bringing food or any edible items with you, make sure that you check out the regulations for the airline and the country thoroughly.
Don't forget to embrace the Christmas experience during all your preparations for the trip and buying gifts. Your entire trip might be a tiring process but if you want to make your Christmas festivities more magical, you should enjoy every moment of it. A good practice is to read about the culture, norms, and traditions of the place(s) you intend to visit. You can also go somewhere to visit some famous places and experience the local festive atmosphere.
If you want to make Christmas magical for yourself, go somewhere where the snow is or visit a city with some amazing Christmas attractions. This way, you will feel less stressed and experience Christmas differently this year.
Here's the science behind A Perfect BLOCKCHAIN PROMOTION
Blockchains are the new hot technology like forex trading, and they're coming to a business near you. The headline you see in bright red letters across your screen saying "This is NOT a Blockchain Advertisement" means absolutely nothing anymore. It's time for us to start educating about this new trend that's about to take over the world in the next few years.
If you still don't know what a "blockchain" is, start doing your research. Wikipedia defines it as: "A blockchain is a continuously growing list of records, called blocks, which are linked and secured using cryptography. Each block typically contains a hash pointer as a link to a previous block, a timestamp and transaction data. By design, blockchains are inherently resistant to modification of the data. It is 'an open, distributed ledger that can record transactions between two parties efficiently and in a verifiable and permanent way'. It is an abstract representation of digital assets."
1. What is a blockchain?
A blockchain is, quite simply, a secure list of records that can be accessed by anyone in the world that knows how to read it. The current record of each block is stored on multiple computers known as nodes (see below for more details) that all share the same ledger at any point in time. When you make your transaction, you add to the chain. The next person to access the chain can see when it was created and who made it and what they put into it. Transactions can also be made so that they can be viewed by an individual or group. For example, a new restaurant could add a transaction to their chain on the opening day with pictures and specials, but only allow staff members access to it. The blockchain is like a universal filing system that each person has the ability to access and add to. The beauty of this is that there's no need for any one party to control it anymore. The data is safe, secure, and constantly updated on many computers at once so no one has the power to alter it.
2. Where did all this come from?
A blockchain, or a distributed ledger technology (DLT) has been around for quite some time. In 2008, a group of anonymous programmers released an open source software project called "Bitcoin". This made it possible to create digital assets that could be exchanged directly between peers without having to go through a central third party. The blockchain is what makes the exchange possible and any transaction can be viewed and tracked at any point in time. Nowadays, there are over thousands of projects that are either being developed or tested in a limited fashion (see news approved site).
3. Who is using this technology?
The most recent company to announce their plans for blockchain integration with their business is the Walt Disney Company . The entertainment giant is looking to integrate blockchain technology with their parks, resorts and the consumer goods business. This is the first major integration of blockchain and a mainstream brand, so it's no wonder that a lot of business owners are intrigued at this possibility. Another big company that has been using blockchain technology for quite some time now is IBM . You may not know it, but IBM has been using blockchain technology with Walmart in order to improve food safety by tracking where food is being shipped from and how long it takes to get to its destination before arriving at Walmart's stores.
4. How will this affect our future?
By 2021 the global market for DLT applications across all industry sectors will reach $13.7 billion, according to IDC. This means that in the coming years you can expect to see a lot more businesses and social organizations using blockchain technology because of its endless possibilities for growth. Even this past weekend a small town in upstate New York called Rhinebeck was using blockchain technology at the Chihuly Glass Flower exhibit for outreach. The glass workers were tracking their inventory and storing it on a blockchain so that their customers could view what was available at all times.
5. How is this different from an Excel spreadsheet?
A big difference between a blockchain like ICO and an Excel spreadsheet is the element of time. A blockchain is constantly updated, which means that if you view a transaction that was made a month ago, it will still show up in the proper order. A spreadsheet has to be updated manually by whatever party controls it. Another difference is that you can allow anyone access to a blockchain without giving them power over it. For example, a third party can be viewing your transactions without being able to alter them. This is the beauty of an open source platform. The final big difference is what happens when someone attempts to hack into either one of them. Someone who hacks into an Excel spreadsheet can change whatever they want and no one would ever know because the only way another person would know you changed anything was if you told them about it.
The hullabaloo surrounding therapeutic cloning – what is the craze all about?
Biotechnology is a revolutionary concept and breakthrough in the current world. It has gained popularity in the medical world, as it is a technological application that uses living organisms' biological systems or derivatives to modify or make processes or products for multiple uses. The most fundamental aspect of this biotech industry is that it encompasses an innovative and futuristic approach enabling its use in distinct parts of life. Consequently, it finds application in several fields like environmental protection, healthcare, the food industry, and production. If you want insight into this field, you must do great studies.
Cloning is a distinct trend in biotechnology that can enhance the creativity and beauty of the field. In this article, researchers have focused on the term cloning and how it has impacted the present. The topic is dealt with to provide you with the meaning, background, and distinct categories of cloning. Apart from this, a more particular focus is on therapeutic cloning.
Cloning: it's meaning
Although cloning has gained popularity in contemporary times, it is a common practice that has remained in horticulture since the ancient era. In those ages, various categories of plants got cloned by obtaining specific parts of stems, leaves, and roots and then replanting the same. With time, things have changed, and today the procedure has moved beyond plants. In a subsequent era, scientific development and advancement have enabled cloning in different industries.
Therapeutic cloning
Therapeutic cloning utilizes an experimental technique for cloning stem cells or tissues for a purpose other than reproducing, such as embryonic stem cell line, research, organ creation for transplantation, and so on. When it comes to the meaning of therapeutic cloning, remember that it is the procedure that connects to the treatment of disorders or diseases by remedial methods or agents. As a result, therapeutic cloning stands for cloning for treating medical conditions.
In therapeutic cloning, the nucleus of the somatic cell is withdrawn and put inside any created egg. Next, this egg is subjected to a chemical or electronic shock to encourage cell division. Eventually, the stem cell, also called the inner part of the cell, is created in the blastocyst stage. Following this, a zygote forms even without the use of an independent egg and sperm coming together.
The central purpose of therapeutic cloning is to create a superior cloned embryo which is the sole objective for extracting stem cells from a body part. Cloning is to implant the embryo inside the uterus and thus the processes used for understanding and treating distinct diseases and medical conditions.
The advantages of therapeutic cloning
In regenerative medicine, this technology aims to enhance the replacement or healing of injured and damaged tissue. Along with this, QC Kinetix (Waverly) near Charlotte can aid you in treating damaged organs by reviving the normal functioning of the human body. It is thus beneficial in medical science because it helps relieve chronic pain and inflammation. Whether it is damaged or injured organs or tissues, diseases, or injuries, therapeutic cloning is of paramount significance in developing regenerative medicine.
The application of technology in this field has the potential for versatile consequences. It is a reason why people are researching this field and trying to understand how therapeutic cloning can result in better advancements in regenerative medication.
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CHARLEY SOARES: Memories of cod fishing in the winter
Not all prayers are answered, not even the most fervent entreaties. During a lifetime of fishing I have never prayed for a fish; I always figured those things would take care of themselves, but I did pray for favorable weather. When I was working a nine to five the only time I had to fish were the weekends and the major determining factor about our ability to actually get out on the water was the wind. And as you might guess, the weekend weather was not always on our side. Captain Roger Jarvis is a Yankee charter skipper who begins his fishing season earlier than most, so March 1 was the date he projected having his boat in the water. I met that man when he first visited the fisherman booth at the Boston Boat Show and we have been friends from that time on. While most northeast fishermen consider April 15 an early start for their respective seasons, back when I first met Captain Jarvis there was a year-round fishery for cod in Massachusetts and Cape Cod Bay, but usually only the commercial boats that were large enough to fish in some degree of relative comfort participated.
The wiry skipper was operating a diesel-powered 26 Fortier at the time, and while the shelter cabin he and a friend constructed provided protection from spray, rain and windswept waves, it did little to prevent the late winter winds from swirling around and taking their toll on exposed flesh. When we first began fishing in early March, we could usually steam outside of Duxbury Harbor, past Gurnet Light off Plymouth and catch cod anywhere between 60 and 100 feet of water. At first it was great just to be on the water and get a substantial head start on the season when those first early cod were prized for their delicate flesh. The minimum size was somewhere around 17 or 18 inches and with a commercial license we didn't have to worry about the meager bag limits that are currently in force today. After the first few trips, the skipper set his sights on larger fish so we moved out from the near shore areas and headed for deeper wrecks and rockpiles. At that time, I was working with Tim Coleman on a book project we named "Fishable Wrecks and Rockpiles," during which time we were locating wrecks and hard rocky bottom where cod, pollock and haddock took up residence. On one of those first outings that year, I used Loran numbers I had been given by the owner of a New Bedford commercial fishing vessel. It took about three boring hours of searching a grid and making unproductive passes over a network of marker buoys before the skipper called it quits. We hauled in the buoys and were just leaving the designated area when the bottom on the screen of the Lowrance graph came up from 180 to 160 feet.
The Promised Land had been just outside of the area we had been working, but once we saw the spike on the bottom we grabbed our rods snapped on jigs and made our first drop. The skipper and Coleman were onto fish as soon as they hit the bottom, and my jig never reached the bottom as a jumbo pollock inhaled it on the way down. Captain Roger and I each had two fish in the box while our deckmate was still hanging on to the first fish he hooked, and it was a monster. I had my third cod on the way up when Tim's fish finally pulled the hook. It was a frustrating experience for the editor, but he changed his leader and sent his lure back down. That was one of the best cod trips any of us had ever experienced, with a total of several hundred pounds of cod, pollock and one lone haddock stuffed in the overflowing fish box. Although we had a few fish over 30 pounds, Tim took top honors and won a free dinner from me and the skipper for his huge white belly 44-pound specimen. We enjoyed almost 10 years of this type of fishing but the pressure on the cod resource forced fisheries managers to make serious cuts in bag limits and raises in the minimum size. The state of the cod fishery in our old fishing grounds of Massachusetts and Cape Cod Bay is so diminished that none of my friends bothered fishing there during the open fall season.
Over the past few years, there has been an emergent cod fishery off Block Island, and this year appears to be one of the best seasons so far. The charter boats running out of Point Judith have been enjoying some very good fishing on the grounds in and around Block Island. Some of my Fisherman Magazine readers have been taking those trips and limiting out on cod. In those reports and photos they send, we see some great catches of cod in the five- to eight-pound class and the occasional teen to 20-pounder. While most of my friends with larger boats capable of making these winter trips have put their boats up for the winter, I no longer have the private option we enjoyed with Captain Jarvis. I have been toying with making a cod-fishing trip aboard one of the party boats that work Block Island waters, but it will have to be a much warmer than on the day this article was heading to press. Sensible people don't rise in the frigid pre-dawn hours and leave the comfort of a warm bed to dress in expedition weight clothing then spend a chilly day on the water. No one said desperate cod fishermen were sensible!


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By HarlemGuy
On this important day more good news about the Martin Luther King, Jr. National Memorial in Washington DC.
The memorial represents the first time in history that a non US president and man of colour is represented.
Days like this remind me of how lucky I am to be living at a time when so many wonderful firsts are being acknowledged, created – and envisioned (as the work is far from complete).
I am pleased to live in Harlem which is at the center of many civil rights historical threads.
Please take a few moments today to relive Dr. King's "I Have A Dream" speech. It's a great family activity.
Happy Birthday Dr. King.


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6463.0 - Analytical Living Cost Indexes for Selected Australian Household Types, Jun 2009
ARCHIVED ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 24/08/2009
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This publication presents analytical living cost indexes for selected Australian household types. These price indexes are designed specifically to measure the impact of changes in prices on the out-of-pocket living costs experienced by four household types: Employee households; Age pensioner households; Other government transfer recipient households; Self-funded retiree households.
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All News Releases By Date
EPA to Cut Mercury, Other Toxic Emissions from Boilers, Solid Waste Incinerators/Cost-effective proposals would reduce harmful air pollution in communities across the United States
Release Date: 04/30/2010
Contact Information: Cathy Milbourn (News Media only) firstname.lastname@example.com 202-564-7849 202-564-4355
WASHINGTON – The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is issuing proposals that would cut U.S. mercury emissions by more than half and would significantly cut other pollutants from boilers, process heaters and solid waste incinerators. These pollutants include several air toxics which are known or suspected to cause cancer or other serious health problems and environmental damage. The proposed rules are estimated to yield more than 5 dollars in public health benefits for every dollar spent.
"Strong cuts to mercury and other harmful emissions will have real benefits for our health and our environment, spur clean technology innovations and save American communities billions of dollars in avoided health costs," said EPA Administrator Lisa P. Jackson. "This is a cost-effective, commonsense way to protect our health and the health of our children, and get America moving into the clean economy of the future."
Combined, these proposals would cut annual mercury emissions from about 200,000 industrial boilers process heaters and solid waste incinerators, slashing overall mercury emissions by more than 50 percent. Industrial boilers and process heaters are the second largest source of mercury emissions in the United States.
Mercury can damage children's developing brains and nervous systems even before they are born. When emitted to the air, mercury eventually settles in water, where it can change into methylmercury, which builds up in ocean and freshwater fish and can be highly toxic to people who eat the fish. This sometimes leads to fish consumption advisories to protect public health.
When fully implemented, today's proposal would yield combined health benefits estimated at $18 to $44 billion annually. These benefits include preventing between 2,000 and 5,200 premature deaths, and about 36,000 asthma attacks a year. Estimated annual costs of installing and operating pollution controls required under these rules would be $3.6 billion.
These actions cover emissions from two types of combustion units. The first type of unit, boilers and process heaters, burns fuel such as natural gas, coal, and oil to produce heat or electricity. These units can also burn non-hazardous secondary materials such as processed tires and used oil. Boilers are located at large industrial facilities and smaller facilities, including commercial buildings, hotels, and universities. The second type of unit, commercial and industrial solid waste incinerators, burns solid waste.
Large boilers and all incinerators would be required to meet emissions limits for mercury and other pollutants. Facilities with boilers would also be required to conduct energy audits to find cost effective ways to reduce fuel use and emissions. Smaller facilities, such as schools, with some of the smallest boilers, would not be included in these requirements, but they would be required to perform tune-ups every two years.
EPA is also proposing to identify which non-hazardous secondary materials would be considered solid waste and which would be considered fuel. This distinction would determine whether a material can be burned in a boiler or whether it must be burned in a solid waste incinerator. The agency is also soliciting comment on several other broader approaches that would identify additional non-hazardous secondary materials as solid waste when burned in combustion units.
EPA will take comment on these proposed rules for 45 days after they are published in the Federal Register. EPA will hold a public hearing on these rules soon after they are published in the Federal Register. For more information on the proposals and details on the pubic hearings: https://www.epa.gov/airquality/combustion
Search this collection of releases | or search all news releases
View selected historical press releases from 1970 to 1998 in the EPA History website.


text: Why Would You Outsource Your Bookkeeping Matters for the Pros? In the current instances, bookkeeping is becoming a growing requirement for any and each and every business regardless of how big or small. You will discover a good reason that a lot of companies invest huge amounts of money on a formidable army of bookkeepers… Continue reading Bookkeeping Service Can Help You Save Time, Money and Trouble


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For many of you, this is the first time in the past four months that you haven't had your day meticulously planned out. No classes, study group meetings, student org events, or final exams. What is a law student to do with all of this free time? Here are a few suggestions:
- Sleep. Many of you were probably sleep deprived over the past couple of weeks of the semester. Now is the time to hit snooze and make sure you get the doctor recommended 8 hours. Naps are also encouraged!
- Shopping. If you're like me, you probably put off all of your holiday shopping during exams. Who has time to shop when you worried about your contracts final or a moot court brief? Don't fret, you can still find some great deals out there in the last few days. If all else fails, drop people a big IOU and pick up something at a day after Christmas sale.
- Bar Application. If you didn't get your Georgia Bar application in by December 5, no worries, you can still meet the final deadline of March 6, 2013 (late fee required).
- Read a book. Reading may be the last thing you want to do right now. However, think back to your time prior to law school when you used to actually read for fun. If you need a few suggestions, check out our previous blog post for summer reading.
- College Football. Conveniently, classes let out right around the time college football bowl season begins. Games started on December 15 and will last until January 17, 2013, the national title game. You can keep up with all of the bowl coverage and find a complete schedule on ESPN's College Bowl page.
- Atlanta Botanical Garden. If you need to get out and stretch your legs, one of the biggest holiday events going on in Atlanta right now is the Garden Nights Holiday Lights at the Atlanta Botanical Garden. The holiday lights will last until January 5, 2013. To get more information, check out the Garden Nights info page.
- Atlanta Falcons. Checkout the hottest team in the NFL right now, the Atlanta Falcons. The Falcons are currently leading the NFC South division with a league best 12-2 record. Don't miss the chance to see the Falcons play their final home game against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on December 30, 2012 at 1:00 p.m. Game Day Preview
- Atlanta Hawks. The Hawks are putting together another solid year, currently bested in their division only by the Miami Heat. There are several opportunities to see a home game over the winter break, so stop by "The Highlight Factory" and support your Hawks. Hawks Schedule


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— The Report is a professional and in-depth study on the current state of the Raman Spectroscopy market. The report provides a basic overview of the Raman Spectroscopy industry including definitions, classifications, applications and industry chain structure. This report also states import/export consumption, supply and demand figures, cost, price, revenue and gross margins, and the global market size (volume and value), and the sales segment market is also discussed by product type, applications and region.
Access complete report at: https://www.themarketreports.com/report/2017-global-raman-spectroscopy-industry-research-report
Key companies profiled in this report are Horiba Jobin Yvon, Renishaw, Thermo, B&W Tek, Kaiser Optical, Bruker, Ocean Optics, Smiths Detection, Witec, Agilent Technologies, Perkinelmer, Jasco, Tsi, Sciaps, Zolix And Gangdong and more in terms of basic information, product categories, Sales (Volume), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%) (2012-2017).
Global Raman Spectroscopy Market Report covers Bench top type, Portable type and others as product types whereas applications covered in this report are Pharmaceutics, R&D in academia, Industrial sector and Other.
Purchase this premium research report at: https://www.themarketreports.com/report/buy-now/478658
Table of Contents:
1 Raman Spectroscopy Market Overview
2 Global Raman Spectroscopy Competitions by Players
3 Global Raman Spectroscopy Competitions by Types
4 Global Raman Spectroscopy Competitions by Application
5 Global Raman Spectroscopy Production Market Analysis by Region
6 Global Raman Spectroscopy Sales Market Analysis by Region
7 Imports and Exports Market Analysis
8 Global Raman Spectroscopy Players Profiles and Sales Data
9 Raman Spectroscopy Manufacturing Cost Analysis
10 Industrial Chain and Downstream Buyers
11 Marketing Channels Analysis
12 Global Raman Spectroscopy Market Forecast (2017-2022)
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
Inquire for more details / sample / discount at: https://www.themarketreports.com/report/ask-your-query/478658
Contact Info:
Name: Shirish Gupta
Email: Send Email
Organization: The Market Reports
Address: SF-29, Sacred World, Wanawadi, Pune
Phone: 6314071315
Website: https://www.themarketreports.com/report/2017-global-raman-spectroscopy-industry-research-report
Release ID: 190239


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If you`re looking to live in Krabi for an extended period of time, we suggest you to stay at Coconut House for a comfortable stay. Move and Stay allows you to book easily a Krabi apartment, whether you`re looking for a serviced apartment, an aparthotel, or a residential apartment for rent. Many of our Krabi serviced apartments come with full accommodations, including a full kitchen and a lounge.
In order to provide the most convenient service, Move and Stay helps you find koh lanta, krabi apartments for rent with our easy-to-use apartment locator. Simply fill in the required information and search for your koh lanta, krabi apartment.
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• 4 tbsp. butter
• 1 clove garlic, minced
• ½ cup canned tomato purée
• 4 oz. Okinawa black sugar, chopped or broken into large chunks
• 1 tsp. dried thyme
• 1 tbsp. tamari or soy sauce
• 1 tsp. Worcestershire sauce
• 1 tsp. dry mustard
• ¼ tsp. cayenne, or to taste
• Salt and pepper to taste
• Four 6-oz. fillets arctic char
• Oil for pan
To make sauce, melt butter in small, heavy saucepan over medium heat. Add garlic and sauté briefly, then stir in tomato purée, sugar, thyme, soy sauce, Worcestershire sauce, mustard and cayenne.
Cook over low heat, stirring often, until sugar is dissolved and sauce is thickened, about 15 minutes. Season with salt and pepper to taste. Set aside.
Heat oven to 500°. Heat a large ovenproof skillet over high heat. Brush very lightly with oil. Season fish with salt and pepper and put in pan, flesh side down. Cook 2 minutes.
Turn over with spatula and spread thickly with barbecue sauce. Slide skillet into oven and cook 3 to 5 minutes longer, until a sharp knife slides easily into the thickest part. Serve at once, with any extra sauce on the side. Serves 4.


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Now what? has been saved
Now what?
ME PoV Summer 2011 issue
Political upheavals and their implications for the real estate sector in the MENA region
Before analyzing the impact of the recent upheavals in the Middle East North Africa (MENA) region on the real estate sector, it is essential to first shed light on their economic, financial and market-related effects.
Download and read this article


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Uruguay Sentences General To Prison For Human Rights Killing
BUENOS AIRES, Argentina – Uruguayan Gen. Miguel Dalmao was sentenced to 28 years in prison for the death of a communist professor, marking the first time an active member of the country's military has been convicted for dictatorship-era human rights violations.
The general's defense lawyer told The Associated Press on Thursday that he has already appealed Wednesday's verdict, saying the evidence was "invented" and calling it unacceptable that his client is being blamed for the crimes of a bygone era.
"This is speculation, 40 years later," Miguel Langon said while visiting Buenos Aires. "A criminal trial is completely different than a historical study. You have to have proof. ... These kinds of generalized statements can serve for a general analysis of the dictatorships of the Southern Cone, but against an individual? It just can't be."
Dalmao was a 23-year-old lieutenant in 1974, and was in charge of the jail where Nibia Sabalsagaray, a 24-year-old literature professor and communist activist, was taken from her Montevideo apartment. Hours later, she was dead.
Dalmao claimed she had committed suicide, hanging herself with a handkerchief from an iron peg in the wall that was just 4 inches (10 centimeters) above her head. The military that ran Uruguay from 1973-1985 agreed.
But Judge Dolores Sánchez dismissed the suicide claim, citing physical and psychological autopsies that showed evidence of torture and found that Sabalsagaray was optimistic and combative, not the type to kill herself.
Dalmao won't go to prison soon despite Wednesday's conviction. Now in his mid-60s, he's been hospitalized for months with a heart infection.
Based on reporting by The Associated Press.
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Claims of 24,000 'excess' deaths from diabetes
Shock statistics for diabetes deaths have been widely reported
As many as 24,000 people with diabetes are dying unnecessarily each year, many of the papers have reported today. This shock statistic was a conclusion from the National Diabetes Audit, the first ever report to look at deaths from the condition.
While this is a large number of deaths, it must be viewed in context – millions of people live with this potentially life-threatening long-term illness, yet it can be managed safely.
The National Diabetes Audit suggests that in England there are about 24,000 'excess deaths' a year in people with diagnosed diabetes. This means that each year, around 24,000 more deaths occur among people with diabetes than would be expected to occur if their mortality risk was the same as that of the general population. A press release from the NHS Information Centre, which published the audit report, said these deaths could be avoided through better management of the condition.
What other risks did the National Diabetes Audit find?
The study found that the risk of death for a person with type 1 diabetes (where the insulin-producing cells of the body do not work at all) is 2.6 times higher than that of the general population. For people with type 2 diabetes (where the body does not produce enough insulin, or the body's cells are not sensitive enough to insulin) it is 1.6 times higher.
In younger people, the difference in mortality rates is even bigger. For example, women between 15 and 34 years of age who have type 1 diabetes are nine times more likely to die than women in the general population, and women of this age with type 2 diabetes are six times more likely to die.
The report also found a strong link between deprivation and increased rates of early death. Among under-65s with diabetes, death rates among people from the most deprived backgrounds were double that of those from the least deprived. Death rates also vary according to where people live; London has the lowest mortality rates from both type 1 and 2 diabetes, while the highest mortality rates were in the north east of England.
The study's lead clinician Dr Bob Young, consultant diabetologist and clinical lead for the National Diabetes Information Service, said, "For the first time we have a reliable measure of the huge impact of diabetes on early death. Many of these early deaths can be prevented. The rate of new diabetes is increasing every year. So, if there are no changes, the impact of diabetes on national mortality will increase. Doctors, nurses and the NHS working in partnership with people who have diabetes should be able to improve these grim statistics."
What is the National Diabetes Audit?
The news is based on the National Diabetes Audit (NDA) Mortality Analysis 2007-2008. This report was prepared in partnership with various trusts, including The Healthcare Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP), which promotes quality in healthcare, and the NHS Information Centre, the official source of health and social care data and information for England. The NDA covered four key components of the government's National Service Framework (NSF) for Diabetes:
checking whether everyone with diabetes was diagnosed and recorded on a practice diabetes register
looking at whether those registered are receiving key elements of diabetes care (such as regular checks of blood glucose levels, or for protein in the urine)
looking at the proportion of people registered to have diabetes who achieve the treatment targets for glucose control, blood pressure and blood cholesterol, as defined by NICE
looking at the rates of acute and long-term complications of people with diabetes, including deaths from the condition, the focus of the current report
As part of this GP audit, all primary care trusts contributed data from 5,359 GP practices on 1.4 million people with diabetes. This figure represents 68% of the 2.1 million people estimated to have diabetes in England in 2007-2008 (the participation rate). The current analysis focuses on mortality from the condition, and has therefore also linked data from the NDA to formal death notifications through the NHS Information Centre Medical Research Information Service (MRIS) in order to include data for those people with diabetes not included in the GP audit.
What was the report's main finding?
By following up the 'cohort' of 1.4 million people with diabetes over the next year, the researchers found 49,282 deaths. As the 'participation rate' (see above) was 68%, taking the estimated prevalence of diabetes in England, it was estimated that the total annual number of deaths of people with diabetes was between 70,000 and 75,000. This represents about 15-16% of the 460,000 deaths that occur annually in England.
Researchers estimated that in total there were about 16,000 more deaths among people with diabetes than would been expected if their mortality risk was the same as the general population. By linking these results to records of national death certificates (in order to include people with diabetes who did not participate in the audit) they estimated 24,000 excess deaths each year in people with diabetes.
The risk of death for patients with type 1 diabetes was estimated to be 2.6 times higher than that of the general population, and for people with type 2 diabetes the risk was estimated to be 1.6 times higher. Across the country there were variations in mortality, from 1,852 deaths out of 100,000 people with type 1 diabetes in London to a high of 2,351 out of 100,000 in the northeast. For type 2 diabetes the figures ranged from 1,246 out of 100,000 in London to 1,668 out of 100,000 in the northeast.
Why are so many people dying of diabetes?
The analysis itself did not look at the specific causes of death among people with diabetes. However, it is widely recognised that without proper management of this condition, there is a higher risk of death from several causes including critically high or low blood sugar, heart failure or kidney failure.
Diabetes is a long-term condition that affects the body's ability to process glucose (sugar). Normally the amount of glucose in the blood is controlled by the hormone insulin, which helps break it down to produce energy. In people with diabetes, there is either not enough insulin to process the glucose or the body's cells do not respond appropriately to the insulin produced. This results in glucose levels building up in the blood.
There are two types of diabetes: type 1 and 2. People with type 1 diabetes do not produce any insulin. People with type 2 diabetes do not make enough insulin, or the body's cells are not sensitive enough to insulin. Having either type puts people at increased risk of several serious complications, including heart disease and stroke, circulation problems, nerve damage, foot ulcers, blindness and kidney damage.
It is important to note that this audit measured deaths among people with diabetes – it did not show whether diabetes caused their deaths. For example, diabetes is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease such as heart attack or stroke. Also, other cardiovascular risk factors that often co-exist in people with diabetes, such as overweight or obesity or high blood pressure. It is not possible to tell the direct cause of death from this data.
How is diabetes usually managed?
Diabetes management aims to keep blood glucose levels as normal as possible. People with type 1 diabetes need to have daily injections (or administration by pump) of insulin.
In people with type 2 diabetes, management depends upon the severity of the condition. A healthier diet and lifestyle alone can sometimes control the condition in people with early stage disease, although most people with type 2 eventually need to take medication to control their blood sugar. Some people with type 2 diabetes may also eventually need to take insulin. Medication may also be needed to reduce other associated risk factors for cardiovascular disease. For example, medications to reduce high blood pressure or control cholesterol.
Self-management of this condition is also crucial. People with diabetes need to be aware of and monitor blood glucose levels, maintain a healthy weight, eat a balanced diet, avoid smoking and have regular health checks.
How can these deaths be prevented?
Experts agree that people with diabetes can live long and healthy lives and reduce their risks of complications through appropriate self-management, as outlined above.
The charity Diabetes UK says that people with diabetes can sometimes feel overwhelmed with information about all the healthcare they require. Diabetes UK has drawn up a checklist of 15 'healthcare essentials' to help people understand what care they should receive to reduce the risk of complications. These are:
get your blood glucose levels measured at least once a year
have your blood pressure measured at least once a year
have blood fats (cholesterol) measured every year
have your eyes screened for signs of eye damage (retinopathy) every year
have your legs and feet checked annually
have your kidney functions monitored annually
have your weight checked and your waist measured
get support if you are a smoker on how to quit
receive care planning to meet your individual needs
attend an education course to help you understand and manage your diabetes
receive specialist paediatric care if you are a child or young person
receive high quality diabetes care if admitted to hospital
get information and specialist care if you are planning to have a baby
see specialist diabetes healthcare professionals to help you manage your condition
get emotional and psychological support from specialist healthcare professionals
Not every healthcare essential may apply to children with diabetes who may have different requirements.
Do I need to worry about this if I have diabetes?
The figures are alarming but they do highlight the need to make people with diabetes aware of the importance of self-management and of obtaining the level of healthcare they require to help them manage their condition. With the right care and support, people with diabetes can go on to live long and healthy lives.
If you have diabetes, key ways to delay or prevent complications include:
maintaining a healthy weight by eating a balanced diet and taking regular physical exercise
not smoking
checking your feet every day
having regular check-ups with your diabetes care team.
Links to the headlines
24,000 diabetes deaths a year 'could be avoided'. BBC News, December 14 2011
Diabetes report reveals 24,000 a year die from condition avoidably early. Guardian, December 14 2011
Up to 24,000 Britons with diabetes dying unnecessarily due to poor care. Daily Mirror, December 14 2011
Simple rules to beat diabetes. Daily Express, December 14 2011
Further reading
NHS Information Centre: National Diabetes Audit Mortality Analysis 2007-2008 (PDF 1.3Mb)
Press releases
NHS Information Centre: Up to 24,000 people with diabetes suffer an avoidable death in England each year. December 14 2011
Diabetes UK: Report shows each year 24,000 people in England with diabetes suffer avoidable death. December 14 2011


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By Mike Mount
The U.S. Navy detected and tracked a Russian nuclear-powered attack submarine less than 300 miles from the southern U.S. East Coast last month, according to U.S. defense officials.
While the submarine did not enter U.S. territorial waters or follow any U.S. Navy ships, its arrival came while a Navy carrier strike group was training off Florida, according to defense officials who could not speak publicly because of the sensitivity of the issue.
The move by the Russians to put the ship close to the U.S. demonstrates its desire to ramp up deep-water patrolling by its submarine fleet - something the Russian government has said it would do, officials said.
The newer Sierra-2 submarine is thought to be part of the Russian Northern Fleet, and this is the first time this class of sub has been detected this close to the U.S., the officials said.
The sub was discovered about 275 miles off the southern East Coast in international waters about two weeks ago and has been followed by the Navy since, defense officials said. Officials said the sub did not come close to the major U.S. Navy submarine base at Kings Bay, Georgia, home to attack and ballistic missile submarines.
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While the officials would not disclose how the submarine was detected, the Navy has sensors in the air and water to detect and track such vessels.
The submarine has since turned back, and on Tuesday, it was about 600 miles off the U.S. coast heading eastward toward Europe, according to Navy officials.
It is not clear what the submarine was doing this close to the U.S., but officials say they assume it was conducting anti-submarine exercises, a return to a Cold War activity.
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The detection of the sub was first reported in the Washington Free Beacon.
The Sierra-2 is similar to the U.S. Los Angeles-class attack submarine and does not carry ballistic missiles - only torpedoes and other anti-submarine weapons.
The last time a Russian sub was detected close to the United States was in 2009, according to defense officials.
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Central American Federation
Central American Federation or Central American Union, political confederation (1825–38) of the republics of Central America—Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Salvador. United under a captaincy general in Spanish colonial times, they gained independence in 1821 and were briefly annexed to the Mexican empire formed by Agustín de Iturbide. The nations joined in a loose federal state, appointing (1825–29) as first president Manuel José Arce, who was succeeded (1830–38) by the liberal leader Francisco Morazán. Political and personal rivalries between liberals and conservatives, poor communication, and the fear of the hegemony of one state over another led to dissolution (1838) of the congress and the defeat (1839) of Morazán's forces by Rafael Carrera. In 1842, Morazán made an abortive attempt to reestablish the federation from Costa Rica. Later efforts by Nicaragua, Honduras, and Salvador failed, and the attempts of Justo Rufino Barrios (1885) and José Santos Zelaya (1895) only increased existing enmities. At the Central American conference of 1922–23, the U.S. recommendation of a union was not favorably received, partly because of earlier U.S. policies in Panama and Nicaragua. Nevertheless, geography, history, and practical expedience are factors that constantly encourage union. In 1951, the Organization of Central American States was formed to help solve common problems, and in 1960 the five nations established the Central American Common Market.
See T. L. Karnes, The Failure of Union: Central America, 1824–1960 (1961); N. Maritano, A Latin American Economic Community (1970).
The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2023, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved.
See more Encyclopedia articles on: International Organizations