This article provides an overview of the use of mentoring programs as a tool to be used in the preservice preparation, induction, and ongoing in-service education of school administrators. Typical practices are described, along with the assumed value found in mentoring. In addition, the limitations and potential problems are identified. The article concludes with a consideration of some of the policy implications related to the adoption of mentoring and possible future research that may be carried out in this area.


SUBTITLE: THE EXPECTED GROWTH OF INTRA-ASIAN TOURISM HAS BEEN HIT BY THE REGIONAL ECONOMIC CRISIS: JOSEPH A. MCINERNEY, CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER OF THE PACIFIC ASIA TRAVEL ASSOCIATION (PATA) BELIEVES THAT TOURISM STILL HOLDS GREAT PROMISE.


The utility model relates to a conical mixing vacuum drier, which comprises an upper cylinder cover, a lower cylinder cover, a conical jacketed heating cylinder, a mechanical dynamic sealing device for preventing vacuum leakage, a feeding and discharging vacuum valve in vacuum operation, a vacuum filter port, a back blowing dust cleaning device, a screw rod disposed inside the cylinder and suitable for conically rotating on axis in the cylinder, a rotating screw reducer for driving the screw rod to rotate on axis to lift materials through a bevel gear set, and a revolving screw reducer for driving the screw rod to revolve to stir the materials through a main transmission shaft, wherein the rotating screw reducer and revolving screw reducer are disposed on the cylinder covers. When in use, the screw rod revolves to stir the materials while rotating on axis to lift the materials, and thereby the conical mixing vacuum drier has the advantages of uniform material turning and mixing, small damage to particulate and crystal materials, high heat efficiency, fine finished product quality and shorter drying time.


It expatiates the developing history of concrete chemical pouring material,analyzes actuality of chemical pouring technique in Shanxi province,combining with Shanxi practice,it puts forward research direction and working thought of strengthening this kind technique spreading application, in order to quichen the spreading application pace of concrete crack chemical pouring technique.


An evaluation system for the fairness about the judgment of referees and the management of coaching staffs in a sports game via internet and providing data thereof is provided, in which the data of the judgments of referees who control games and managements of coaching staffs are provided, scenes which are doubtful of the fairness are stored in an additional database to be transmitted in real time when information is requested from each terminal, game management records of the referees and the coaching staffs are continuously monitored, evaluation result values about the fairness and pertinency of the records are stored as data. The system comprises a broadcasting media 200 having a broadcasting station server 210 for converting and transmitting data so that a live or recorded relay of a game situation through a broadcasting camera 220 from a game site can be watched through communication media such as the internet; a terminal 100 having a web browser for showing the images through the broadcasting media 200 on a monitor through the internet; a web server 300 for transmitting the sports game sent from the broadcasting media 200 to each of the terminal 100 and for managing and receiving various information; a game regulation database 400 connected to the web server 300 for storing each game regulation according to event as data; a referee/coaching staff database 500 for storing personal information and history of referees and coaching staffs involved in the game as data; a situational judgment standard database 600 for storing data or images of judgment in special or apparent referential situations from previous games; a fairness evaluation reference database 700 for storing fairness evaluating references about the referees and the coaching staffs of the game through the terminal 100; a search database 900 for providing real time information on the basis on true pictures and graphic data if internet users want to know applied regulations; and an advertisement database 800 for inserting advertisements during the game.


Abstract OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine whether perioperative changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) relate to postoperative neurological deficits in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery involving antegrade selective cerebral perfusion (ASCP). METHODS We retrospectively analysed data from patients who underwent aortic arch surgery involving ASCP and perioperative transcranial Doppler assessments. Linear mixed-model analyses were performed to examine perioperative changes in mean bilateral blood velocity in the middle cerebral arteries, reflecting changes in CBF, and their relation with neurological deficits, i.e. ischaemic stroke and/or delirium. Logistic regression analyses were performed to explore possible risk factors for postoperative neurological deficits. RESULTS In our study population (N = 102), intraoperative blood velocities were lower compared to preoperative levels, and lowest during ASCP. Thirty-six (35%) patients with postoperative neurological deficits (ischaemic stroke, n = 9; delirium, n = 25; both, n = 2) had lower blood velocity during ASCP compared to patients without (25.4 vs 37.0 cm/s; P = 0.002). Logistic regression analyses revealed lower blood velocity during ASCP as an independent risk factor for postoperative neurological deficits (odds ratio = 0.959; 95% confidence interval: 0.923, 0.997; P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS Lower intraoperative CBF during ASCP seems independently related to postoperative neurological deficits in patients undergoing aortic arch surgery. Because CBF is a modifiable factor during ASCP, our observation has significant potential to improve clinical management and prevent neurological deficits.


Objective: The Broad objective of the study was to determine the nutritional status and levels of P. falciparum malaria in children in COBES AMPATH and non-AMPATH centres. Specific objective was to ascertain if the presence of AMPATH has been beneficial in reduction of malnutrition and malaria in the centres. Materials and Methods: Nutritional status: Cross-sectional studies were carried out between March and May 2008 to February and March 2011 and April to May, 2013, in 16 COBES centres in Western Kenya. Cluster sampling technique was used with each health centre as the sampling unit. Anthropometric measurements were performed on all children aged 5-59 months within the households sampled. The sample size depended on the number of cases seen in the households within the period of study. The parameters considered included Age (in months), Weight (Kgs) and the mid upper arm circumference (cms). The nutritional status of the children was determined using the WHO recommended Zscore values as well as the Kenya Government Ministry of health recommended charts based on anthropometric measurements . Analysis of nutritional data was carried out using Epi-info 2000 computer program to determine the Zscore values from anthropometric data. Malaria: Health centres records were assessed for the prevalence of malaria during the period of study and prevalence compared in AMPATH and NON-AMPATH centres. Results: A total of approximately 700 children were measured for anthropometry in the seven Health Centers: (StuntingHAZ<-2, Wasting-WHZ <-2, underweight –WAZ<-2 and MUAC, < 12.5mm). Preliminary published results indicated that Meteitei (non-AMPATH) had the highest malnutrition prevalence (53% HAZ, 15% WHZ, 27% WAZ and 18.1 MUAC) whereas Chulaimbo (AMPATH) showed the lowest prevalence (7% HAZ, 3% WAZ ). The other centres showed mixed prevalence. Malaria was the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in all the COBES centres except for only two. Conclusion: AMPATH centres showed improved nutrition status compared to other COBES centres whereas presence of AMPATH had no effect on prevalence of malaria. ABSTRACT


The incidence of infections which might have been caused by hospital spread among mothers and infants in the maternity clinic of Karolinska Sjukhuset was studied. The infections were of the type which were caused by S. aureus, and generally developed within three weeks after delivery. During a second period, 56% of the patients and 54% of the personnel were carriers of S. aureus. Mode of infection was studied by determination of phage and resistance patterns. The infections' epidemiology was discussed. It was probable that the infection spread occurred primarily from personnel to infants. The relatively high incidence of infections and high carrier‐rate requires prophylactic measures.


Objective To research the comparison of HbA1c assay Kit of two companies.Methods The serums of the high(6%)and normal value(3%-6%) were collected in the laboratory section.Biochemical analyzer was used to test the HbA1c with two kits from Diazyme and Jiuqiang,respectively.Results were recorded and analyzed.Results The correlation coefficient of the high and normal values were 0.98 and 0.97.Conclusion A good correlation of HbA1c has been shown between Diazyme and Jiuqiang.


Applying the methods of questionnaire, interview and Delphi technique, the author determines some critical factors affecting the quality of the training classes in physical education institutions and sets up an analytic model for the critical factors affecting the training quality by using AHP and the theory of fuzzy mathematics.


This study aims to: 1) Explain the development learning media based IT using weebly for mathematics learning. 2) Know the advisabillity media for mathematics learning and know response of students about aplication media based IT (weebly). the adopted method in this research was DDD-E (decide, design, develope, and evaluate). The results of research werw 1) Phase of decide, researcher choosed subjects, media, and material. Phase of design researcher created component of web, design of web and flowchart. Next phase was develope, in this phase were creating web and develope component. The last phase was evaluate with validator and tested media to subject. 2) Result of analyzed for validator got an excellent, and response students given an excellent for attraction aspect, good for presentaton aspect and excellent for language aspect


To provide a new tire / wheel assembly as a problem. The tire / wheel assembly comprising: a wheel, which is coupled to the rotation shaft; elastomer tube, disposed radially outward of the wheel, the inside is filled with air; rigid guard ring, which is disposed radially outward of the inner tube, and and a wheel configured separately; and a tread ring inner peripheral surface of the protective outer circumferential surface of embodiment of the contact ring disposed on the radially outside of the guard ring.


Foursquare president Jack W. Hayford, on behalf of the board of directors, announced preliminary decisions regarding the district consolidation and alignment process.


We consider a modification of the standard Einstein theory in four dimensions, alternative to R. Jackiw and S.-Y. Pi, Phys. Rev. D 68, 104012 (2003), since it is based on the first-order (Einstein-Cartan) approach to general relativity, whose gauge structure is manifest. This is done by introducing an additional topological term in the action which becomes a Lorentz-violating term by virtue of the dependence of the coupling on the space-time point. We obtain a condition on the solutions of the Einstein equations, such that they persist in the deformed theory, and show that the solutions remarkably correspond to the classical solutions of a collection of independent 2+1-dimensional (topological) Chern-Simons gravities. Finally, we study the relation with the standard second-order approach and argue that they both coincide to leading order in the modulus of the Lorentz-violating vector field.


Abstract We complete the proof of the equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture for Tate motives over absolutely abelian fields by proving a refined cyclotomic main conjecture at the prime 2.


An attempt was made to clarify the effect of nitriding on the fatigue strength (Nf=107) of pure titanium through some critical experiments concerning the fatigue properties of gas-nitrided pure titanium including a sample with a small artificial surface pit. The results are summarized as follows : (1) The reduction of fatigue strength occurs in the nitrided pure titanium with increase in the thickness of the hardened layer. (2) The small pit (dp-80 μm) has little effect on reducing the fatigue strength of nitrided pure titanium, while such a pit gives a large reduction of the fatigue strength of unnitrided pure titanium. (3) Fractography of the fracture surface of nitrided pure titanium revealed that there exists a microfracture facetlike cleavage at the fatigue crack initiation site beneath the nitrided layer, while a small featureless facet associated with stage-I crack growth can be observed at the fracture edge of an unnitrided pure titanium. (4) The fatigue strength of nitrided pure titanium can be considered as a critical stress at which microcracking of the hardened layer occurs under cyclic loading.


The objective of this study was to develop baseline topographical data of landmarks for locating kidneys and urinary bladder and to generate sonographic calliper measurements along with dynamic parameters of these organs. Ultrasonography was performed on 50 native adult (Spiti horses and Himalayan hill mules) healthy unsedated equines of either sex. The thickness, character and echo-architecture of these organs were recorded. The right kidney was found from 15th (±1) intercostal space (ICS) extending upto first lumbar vertebra, both in horses as well as in mules. The height of right kidney varied from 112.7 to 118.3 mm (Mean± SE= 115.6±1.01 mm) and its thickness varied from 58.4 to 71.2 mm (Mean± SE= 64.3±2.37 mm). While in mules height of right kidney varied from 90.7 to 109.2 mm (Mean± SE= of 101.1±3.14 mm) and its thickness varied from 47.3 to 56.8 mm (Mean± SE= 52.3±1.57 mm). The left kidney in horses was found between 16th ICS to 2nd lumbar vertebra, while in mules it was found from 16th ICS to 3rd lumbar vertebra. The height of left kidney varied from 87 to 107.8 mm (Mean± SE= 99.0±3.67 mm) and its thickness varied from 49.5 to 53.8 mm (Mean± SE= 51.8±0.72 mm). In mules the height of left kidney varied from 85.5 to 111.4 mm (Mean± SE= 95.3±2.36 mm) and its thickness varied from 43.4 to 55.7 mm (Mean± SE= 50.6±2.53 mm). During transrectal ultrasonography urinary bladder was observed as an oval to round structure in the caudal ventral abdomen, the wall thickness of urinary bladder varied from 2.7 to 2.8 mm (Mean± SE= 2.74±0.02 mm), 2.4 to 2.7 mm (Mean± SE= 2.62±0.05 mm) in horses and mules respectively. Hence detailed ultrasonographic examination of these organs helped us to compile baseline data, which will be helpful in future in management of the affections of these organs.


Aortic dissection is a rare, fatal disease that can mimic some of the different diseases. More common seen in males and 50-70 years of age. Hypertension is the most important factor in the etiology. Usually, predatory, severe and sudden onset pain is described. Back and flank pain, can be seen depending on the malperfusion in distal dissections. This is similar to the pain of renal colic in character, is defined as serious, intermittent flank pain. Aortic dissection, located in the differential diagnosis of renal colic as a fatal disease. Emergency physicians, should be careful, when placing the diagnosis of renal colic especially in elderly patients, underlying aortic dissection a deadly disease, should not be ignored.


Thirty sows of second parity were used to investigate a change in suckling pattern for improving reproductive efficiency in sows during lactation. All sows received the same pattern of weaning, which imitated the progressive weaning system used in Nepalese villages. Majority of the farmers start selling their piglets at an age of 6 weeks and continue until all the piglets are sold in the weekly market. Therefore in this study the piglets from each litter were weaned at three ages (6, 7 and 8 weeks of age) in the proportion of 0.5 at 6 weeks followed by 0.2 at each of the subsequent weaning. In the first lactation treatment, the suckling pattern was left undisturbed, similar to the practice used in the villages in which the remaining piglets after first weaning are allowed continuous suckling. In the other treatment, the remaining piglets after first weaning were allowed to suckle their sows only during the night, whilst in the day time (09.00-16.00) they were excluded from the sow but left free to roam around. The weaning to re-mating interval was significantly longer for the unrestricted suckling treatment. All sows were remated within 30 days after first weaning in the restricted suckling treatment groups, whereas only 71% of sows were re-mated within 30 days after weaning in the unrestricted suckling treatment groups ( c 2 = 3.877, 1df, p<0.05). therefore


Since the advent of printing the Republic of Letters was inexorably linked with typographic technology, despite the negative effects that for the scholars had the conversion of the book into a mass product subject to the profit of booksellers and printers. This study offers an approach to the ambivalent relationship that men of letters had with the printing press, with the aim of place in context the various attempts that in eighteenth century Spain intended to restore the printing press thanks to the initiative of some enlightened people concerned with the state of degradation of book arts.


An earthquake is a dangerous natural phenomenon that exposes buildings to collapse and human life to danger. Due to the weakness and cost of design and implementation by seismic design requirements. Therefore, a way must be found to reduce the impact of the earthquake risk, by using the smart joints technology in steel structures. Two experimental models were analyzed theoretically, The results showed a great convergence between the experimental and theoretical programs.  The case study is a numerical study containing four rigid specimens that were analyzed in the ABAQUS / CAS (2017) program with applied a horizontal quasi-static cyclic load. The difference between these samples is the difference in thickness of the rubber washer used in the specimen where it is placed under the bolt head in the beam-column connection of the rigid steel frame. Two bolts connect the column with the angle, and the beam with the angle at the top, bottom, in both sides, and two bolts that connect the beam with the shear tab (ST), and in both sides too. Thus, the total number of bolts is twenty and the total number of rubber washer are forty. The results showed that the resistant load of the model containing rubber washer with the thickness (1,2,3 mm) in the beam-column connection increased by (11.5%, 33.8%, and 47.3%), respectively, as well as a significant improvement in the cumulative energy, the ductility residual displacement, The ductility index, The drift ratio, and the equivalent viscous damping compared to the model without rubber.


At present, new food product development is considered continuous processes undertaken for business survival and enhancing competitive advantages. The successful development requires understandings on products' attributes which have influences on consumers' interests in purchasing new products. Utilizations of the attributes for creating new concept are parts of the product development processes upon which the business accordingly can develop the new products that are consistent to needs of consumers. This study presents applications of Conjoint Analysis (CA) to develop new food product concept. The CA was also utilized to identify key attributes having influences on target consumers, through investigating consumers' preferences on new product concept. Results of CA is metaphorically as the descriptive blueprint for creating and developing new food products to the markets.


External torque estimation is important for collab-orative robots. But sharp acceleration or deceleration motion could result in motor current impact, which would lead to undesired estimation error. In this paper, to eliminate the large estimation error caused by the motor current impact, we propose a compliant robot joint model based external torque estimator, and optimize the model through minimizing the weighed sum of maximum and normalized mean squared estimation error. The experimental results on a collaborative robot joint show that the proposed method can effectively estimate the external torque, and resist the error produced by the current impact.


3.3 kV / 200 A All-SiC module with trench-gate SiC MOSFETs is developed for static var compensator (SVC), a type of the electric distribution equipment. This module has the structural feature; resin-mold single-switch units are arrayed and electrically connected by bus-bars to make the circuit configuration dual (2-in-1). This structure leads to the smaller stack and the higher long-term reliability. Applied trench-gate SiC MOSFETs, lower loss is also accomplished. ON-state resistance is reduced around 10%. In addition, 60% reduction of total switching loss is achieved. These characteristics of low energy loss can contribute to downsizing of SVC equipment as well as energy saving.


Purpose
This paper aims to focus on the basic principle of WO3 gas sensors to achieve high gas-sensing performance with good stability and repeatability. Metal oxide-based gas sensors are widely used for monitoring toxic gas leakages in the environment, industries and households. For better livelihood and a healthy environment, it is extremely helpful to have sensors with higher accuracy and improved sensing features.

Design/methodology/approach
In the present review, the authors focus on recent synthesis methods of WO3-based gas sensors to enhance sensing features towards toxic gases.

Findings
This work has proved that the synthesis method led to provide different morphologies of nanostructured WO3-based material in turn to improve gas sensing performance along with its sensing mechanism.

Originality/value
In this work, the authors reviewed challenges and possibilities associated with the nanostructured WO3-based gas sensors to trace toxic gases such as ammonia, H2S and NO2 for future research.


The planning of Youth Friendly City policy by Indonesian Ministry of Youth and Sports is expected to strengthen youth development and empowerment in each region of Indonesia, through the assistance of the preparation of youth regulation, competition, and awards. The city of Bandung has become a pilot project for Youth Friendly City. This research is an action-research approach which based on Soft System Methodology (SSM) to analyze the formulation of Youth Decent Friendly policy at the Ministry of Youth and Sports and also the City Government of Bandung. The results of this study indicate that indicators of the development of Youth Friendly City as stated in Regulation No. 11 of the Ministry of Youth and Sports 2017, refers to 4 (four) clusters, namely: life, play, work/school, and health/welfare still require more action plans. The results from this study is expected to be a reference for all city/regional government in Indonesia, especially the Government of Bandung on the policy of Youth Friendly City.


Al2O3-dispersion strengthened copper( DSC) alloy was prepared by spark plasma sintering( SPS) process,meanwhile,the microstructure and Al2O3dispersion phase of DSC alloy were also observed by scanning electron microscopy( SEM),transmission electron microscopy( TEM) and X-ray diffraction( XRD). The results show that SPS process could be divided into three periods: sintering neck formation,sintering neck growing and densification,there is no distinct limits between the different stages. Besides,it is found that three deflation peaks exist in the process of SPS,corresponding to removal of steam,desorption of oxygen and elimination of inner gas; In situ nano-sized γ-Al2O3particles generated in the copper matrix are fine and homogeneous,for which the size and particle spacing are 20 nm and 50 nm,respectively. These particles can pin up the dislocations and grain boundaries to strengthen the matrix and inhibit its recrystallization.


Abstract The step-mountain eta model has shown a surprising skill in forecasting severe storms. Much of the credit for this should be given to the Betts and Miller (hereafter referred to as BM) convection scheme and the Mellor-Yamada (hereafter referred to as MY) planetary boundary layer (PBL) formulation. However, the eta model was occasionally producing heavy spurious precipitation over warm water, as well as widely spread light precipitation over oceans. In addition, the convective forcing, particularly the shallow one, could lead to negative entropy changes. As the possible causes of the problems, the convection scheme, the processes at the air-water interface, and the MY level 2 and level 2.5 PBL schemes were reexamined. A major revision of the BM scheme was made, a new marine viscous sublayer scheme was designed, and the MY schemes were retuned. The deep convective regimes are postulated to be characterized by a parameter called "cloud efficiency." The relaxation time is extended for low cloud effic...


Hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal energy has become promising resources for relieving the energy crisis and global warming. The exploitation of HDR geothermal energy usually needs an enhanced geothermal system (EGS) with artificial fracture networks by hydraulic fracturing. Fault reactivation and seismicity induced by hydraulic fracturing raise a great challenge. In this paper, we investigated the characteristics of fault slip and seismicity by numerical simulation. The study was based on a hydraulic fracturing project in the geothermal field of Yishu fault zone in China. It revealed that fluid injection during hydraulic fracturing can cause the faults that exist beyond the fluid-pressurized region to slip and can even induce large seismic event. It was easier to cause felt earthquakes when hydraulic fracturing was carried out in different layers simultaneously. We also examined the effects of the location, permeability, and area of the fracturing region on fault slip and magnitude of the resulting events. The results of the study can provide some useful references for establishing HDR EGS in Yishu fault zone.


Abstract We report on reflectance-difference (RD) probing of the surface chemistry during epitaxial growth of GaAs on (001) oriented GaAs. Growth oscillations corresponding to monolayer-by-monolayer growth could be followed for pressures varying over three orders of magnitude, from the 10 -3 mbar range to 0.3 mbar. The oscillation amplitude and the average RD level during growth has been studied as a function of pressure, temperature and V/III ratio, facilitating quantitive estimations of the variation of the surface stoichiometry during growth. Furthermore, these studies indicate that it can be possible to obtain growth oscillations also in conventional low-pressure metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy, but in a more narrow range of V/III ratios than for vacuum conditions.


In many liberal welfare states, market-based reforms aimed at enhancing competition and choice in disability services have necessitated extensive regulatory reforms to ensure quality service provision. This article explores how the changing regulatory environment surrounding an individualised funding scheme is transforming frontline disability work. Drawing on data from a survey of 2341 Australian disability support workers, the article contributes to sociological understandings of market regulation by foregrounding the importance of frontline workers' labour to the regulation of social service markets. Various regulation-related tasks and duties are identified which, while practically embedded among the client-focused components of care work previously documented, are analytically distinct from them. This category of undertheorised, unrecognised, often unpaid work is referred to as 'regulatory labour'. The article illuminates the mechanisms through which workers enact and resist regulatory processes and help absorb market risks and failures in ways previously underexplored in theories of marketised social care.


India and China contain about 40 percent of the earth's people. They are at an early stage of economic development, and their increasingly massive energy requirements will depend heavily on coal, a potent source of carbon dioxide, a powerful and long-lasting greenhouse gas. India also has important sources and uses of hydroelectric and nuclear power, petroleum, and natural gas. Agriculture still produces about 30 percent of its gross domestic product, and about 72 percent of the population lives in rural areas - with their large animal populations and substantial forest acreage. India has vast cities and an industrial sector that is large in absolute terms, although it represents only 30 percent of the economy. The model developed to analyze the economic effects of constraints on greenhouse gas emissions is a multisectoral, intertemporal linear programming model, driven by the optimization of the welfare of a representative consumer. A comprehensive model was built not to project the future at a single stroke but to begin to answer questions of a"What if?"form. The results strongly suggest that the economic effects on India of such constraints would be profound. The implications of different forms of emissions restrictions - annual, cumulative, and radiative forcing - deserve more attention. Cumulative restrictions - or better still, restrictions on radiative forcing - are closely related to public policy on greenhouse effects. Such restrictions also provide significant additional degrees of freedom for the economic adjustments required. They do this, in part, by allowing the postponement of emissions restrictions, which is not permitted by annual constraints. Of course, the question arises whether a country, having benefited from postponing a required reduction in emissions, would then be willing to face the consequences in economic losses. Might there be a genuine preference - albeit an irrational one - for taking the losses annually? Would compliance with international agreements for emissions restrictions be more likely if they required annual, rather than cumulative, reductions? Monitoring requirements would be the same in either case; if effective monitoring were carried out, it would detect departures from cumulative or radiative forcing constraints just as easily as departures from annualconstraints.


The electrochemical intramolecular cyclisation of bromoalkoxylated derivatives 1 was carried out using Ni(II) complexes as the catalysts in ethanol solutions by constant-current electrolysis in one-compartment cell in the absence of sacrificial anodes as an environmentally friendly system. The reduction of the substrates proceeds via one-electron cleavage of the carbon–bromine bond to form radical-type intermediates that undergo cyclisation to afford cyclic ethers in moderate to good yields.


Objective To compare recent treatment effects between intravenous chemotherapy and transarterial chemoembolization with cervical cancer in stage IIB.Methods We collected 85 patients' clinical data with cervical cancer in stage IIB admitted to Anhui Provincial Hospital with a VBP scheme of neoadjuvant chemotherapy from January 2006 to December 2010,which were assigned into 2 groups:intravenous chemotherapy(IVCT)group(44),transarterial chemoembolization(TACE)group(41).Effective rate,surgical rate,chemotherapeutic effect of different diameter tumor,surgery time,blood loss,surgical complications and the various pathological risk factors incidence were compared between the two groups.Results There were some significant differences in effective rate,surgical rate(P=0.03).There were also some significant differences in the chemotherapeutic effect of different diameter tumor in the two groups(P=0.009,0.013).Surgery time,blood loss and surgical complications were not significantly different in the two groups(P=0.233,0.767,0.845);there were some differences in parametrial involvement and deep muscle infiltration(P=0.043,0.028);lymph node metastasis and vascular carcinoma bolt transferring in the two groups were not significantly different(P=0.304,0.158).Conclusion Transarterial chemoembolization is better than intravenous chemotherapy in recent effect.Tumor diameter influences the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.


Model Predictive Control (MPC) is used to minimize the energy consumption of the HVAC system under the consideration of different inputs such as the outside temperature, the solar radiation, occupancy, energy price and the peak load, while these parameters are not taken into account by conventional control algorithms. Then comparing MPC with conventional HVAC control algorithms (two position(2P) and Proportional plus Integral (PI) Controls)


Objective:To study the relationship between the changes and modulation of erythrocytes and leukocytes immune function and ovarian tumor.Methods:Tumor erythrocyte lymphocyte rosette test and incorporation of 3H TdR was used as the ability of erythrocytes and lymphoctytes immunoadhering tumor cells,lymphocyte transformation rate and activety of natural killer cell of 51 patients with ovarian cancer,43 patients with ovarian cyst and 40 healthy persons.Results:Tumor erythrocyte rosette rate(TER),tumor lymphocyte rosette rate(TLR) and tumor erythrocyte lymphocyte rosette rate(TELR),ability of erythrocyte on enhancing lymphocyte immunoadhering tumor cells (ER),lymphocyte transformation rate and activity of natural killer cell in patients with ovarian cancer was significantly lower than that of patients with ovarian cyst and healthy persons( P 0.05 or 0.01).Conclusion:The erythrocyte and leukocyte immune function of patients with ovarian cancer is depressed.The erythrocytes immune function of patients with ovarian cancer is related to leukocytes immune function,and they modulate each other.Both of them play an important role in anti tumor immunity.


The Peruvian cherry (Physalis peruviana L.) is an important plant due to its high content of minerals, vitamins A and C, with an antidiabetic effect, also co...


As the key equipment of offshore drilling and completion work,BOPs can be used effectively to prevent the dangerous accidents,such as well kick and well blowout,and also play an important role on protecting people,equipment,marine environment and oil and gas resources from heavy damage and pollution.On the view of the important role of BOPs on offshore oil exploitation,and according to the requirements of functional safety international standards,the BOP and its control system is treated as a safety instrumented system,and its safety instrumented function is analyzed.By dividing the system into testing section,control section,function execution section and the auxiliary section,an investigation is made on the possible failure mode and redundancy settings of each part.The analysis on the structure and function of BOP may be used to provide certain ideas and guidance for BOP quantitative evaluation.


On the basis of the rate equation of laser oscillation, we study the capable of square wave output of solid state laser in temporal domain. By means of the smooth cavity dumping, the reduce of output loss compensated the photon decrease in cavity. In experiment, we use two sets of avalanche transistor chains to control the functional voltage which applied on the Pockels cell in order to get a uniform and pulsewidth variable square wave pulse laser. Compare with the traditional Gaussian pulse, the pulsewidth variable square wave laser pulse has some advantages in waveform, polarization, energy uniformity. So it can be used in high power, high conversion efficiency without damping rods, mirrors and crystals.


Objective To compare coronary risk factors and disease prevalence among Indians, Pakistanis, and Bangladeshis, and in all South Asians (these three groups together) with Europeans. Design Cross sectional survey. Setting Newcastle upon Tyne. Participants 259 Indian, 305 Pakistani, 120 Bangladeshi, and 825 European men and women aged 25›74 years. Main outcome measures Social and economic circumstances, lifestyle, self reported symptoms and diseases, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, and anthropometric, haematological, and biochemical measurements. Results There were differences in social and economic circumstances, lifestyles, anthropometric measures and disease both between Indians, Pakistanis, and Bangladeshis and between all South Asians and Europeans. Bangladeshis and Pakistanis were the poorest groups. For most risk factors, the Bangladeshis (particularly men) fared the worst: smoking was most common (57%) in that group, and Bangladeshis had the highest concentrations of triglycerides (2.04 mmol/l) and fasting blood glucose (6.6 mmol/l) and the lowest concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.97 mmol/l). Blood pressure, however, was lowest in Bangladeshis. Bangladeshis were the shortest (men 164 cm tall v 170 cm for Indians and 174 cm for Europeans). A higher proportion of Pakistani and Bangladeshi men had diabetes (22.4% and 26.6% respectively) than Indians (15.2%). Comparisons of all South Asians with Europeans hid some important differences, but South Asians were still disadvantaged in a wide range of risk factors. Findings in women were similar. are Lp(a) lipoprotein, and skewed log transformations in and geomet› categorical variables, adjusted Abstract Objectives To assess whether bacterial vaginosis affects the rates of conception and miscarriage in the first trimester. Design Cohort study. Setting Assisted conception unit of a teaching hospital in Leeds. Participants 867 consecutive women undergoing in vitro fertilisation. Interventions Screening for bacterial vaginosis with a Gram stained vaginal smear before egg collection. Main outcome measures The presence of bacterial vaginosis or normal vaginal flora, and the rate of conception and miscarriage in the first trimester. Results 190 of 771 (24.6%) women had bacterial vaginosis. No difference in conception rate


The reproductive traits of female adiults of the small brown p]anthopper, Laodeiphax striatetlus were compared between brachypterous and macropterous ibrms under 250C and 16L-SD conditions, The reproductive rate and the reproductivc efft)rt of brachyptereus females were higher than that of macropterous females. Brachypterous females appeared to al!ocate more energy to reproduction than macropterous females. The mating success of males was assessed in terrns of the eye color of nymphs, sired by either of the malcs in competition between the two forms. The mating success ol' males did not difler between the winged forms at I7eC or 250C. Thus, the fitness advantage of wing reduction in males


Grain growth in open systems is analyzed for the cases of flux-driven ripening during soldering, flux-driven lateral growth during deposition of thin films, flux-driven lateral growth during reactive growth of intermediate phase, flux-driven lateral growth of antiphase domains in FCC-phase A3B and BCC-phase AB during the diffusion growth of ordered phase layer.


Light Rail Transit (LRT) systems have emerged as an attractive form of public transport both in industrialised as well as developing countries. This paper reviews the implementation mechanism of LRT projects proured by private finance, through Build Operate Transfer (BOT) type concession contracts. A case study approach is used to model an actual LRT project. The case study analysis shows that the uncertainty factor could be converted to monetary terms and the process would enhance ability of the decision makers to have a better understanding of the consequences of risks.


Objective
To explore a reliable parameter for primary closure of the donor site of the descending branch of the circumflex femoral lateral artery perforator flap and analysis its effective factors.

Methods
Between August, 2014 and December, 2015, 149 patients undergoing reconstructive procedures using the descending branch of the circumflex femoral lateral artery perforator flaps were included in the study. All patients were divided into two groups: primary closure of the donor site (135 cases) and none primary closure of the donor site (14 cases) . The receiver operating characteristic curve for biostatistical analysis was performed to identify the reliable width of the descending branch of the circumflex femoral lateral artery perforator flap. The parameter, including the age, patients' body mass index, subcutaneous fat thickness, thigh circumference and the maximum flap width, were recorded in 79 patients who were randomly choose from all patients. The method through stretching donor site skin was used to assess the maximum flap width. The maximum flap width-to-thigh circumference ratio was calculated. The Pearson test was used to analysis the correction between those parameters.

Results
Primary closure of the donor site was possible in 135 patients and impossible in 14 patients. The receiver operating characteristic curve for biostatistical analysis identifying the reliable width of the descending branch of the circumflex femoral lateral artery perforator flap was 8.75㎝. The method assessed the reliable width of the flap was (8.37±1.67) cm through stretching donor site skin. the reliable width of the flap was (8.55±1.65) cm in the male patients and (7.42±1.5) cm in the female patients. Primary closure can be achieved if the flap width-to-thigh circumference ratio was less than (17.23±3.84) percent. There was a significant negative correlation between subcutaneous fat thickness and the ratio (R=-0.299, P < 0.05) and between body mass index and the ratio (R=-0.21, P < 0.05) .

Conclusion
The width of flap less than 8.75㎝ is a reliable parameter for primary closure of the descending branch of the circumflex femoral lateral artery perforator flap donor site. The patient's body mass index and subcutaneous fat thickness of the thigh should be taken into consideration.

Key words:
Perforator flap; Circumflex femoral lateral artery; Donor site morbidities


We consider the spatial spin correlations around a partially screened spin-1 magnetic moment in a metal exhibiting the underscreened Kondo effect. We find that the underscreening of the impurity spin results in spatial spin correlations that are more pronounced as compared to the fully screened Kondo effect; their power-law decay is weaker but with characteristic logarithmic corrections at large distances. The spin correlator also changes sign as a function of distance to the impurity allowing for ferromagnetic correlations between conduction-electron spin density and the local moment. The numerical findings are shown to be in agreement with the predictions deriving from an effective ferromagnetic Kondo Hamiltonian.


To evaluate the effect of litter size and littermate weight on low-birth-weight ( Mortality of low-birth-weight piglets in large litters was greater (P 0.05) affected by littermate weight and litter size, or their interaction. Weight at 21 days post partum was significantly affected by littermate weight, litter size, and their interaction. Low-birth-weight piglets in small litters had significantly higher 21-day weights in large litters (P Littermate weight may affect the performance of low-birth-weight piglets due to direct competition for access to a functional teat.


Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) largely used a drug to treat gastroesophageal disease such as gastric ulcers. Moreover, in recent years, several studies suggest that PPIs have an important anti-cancer effect in monotherapy and or combination with chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether esomeprazole and pantoprazole exhibit anti-cancer effect alone or could enhance chemosensitivity on the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y to cisplatin.Methods: The human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were cultured and treated with different concentrations of esomeprazole, pantoprazole, and cisplatin alone. Also, these cells exposed to cisplatin+ esomeprazole and cisplatin + pantoprazole combinations, respectively and incubated 24 h. The antiproliferative activities of the (PPIs) alone or in a combination of cisplatin was evaluated using the XTT colorimetric assay.Results: According to experimental data, neither PPIs showed no cytotoxicity on the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y at all concentrations. However, when combined with cisplatin separately, they were found to have significant antiproliferative effects on the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell lines when compared to cell lines treated with cisplatin alone (p<0.05).Conclusions: Taken together, the inhibition of V-ATPase via esomeprazole and pantoprazole might enhance the chemosensitivity of cisplatin on the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. However, further studies are needed to be able to utilize PPIs in human neuroblastoma cells.


The carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT) is a validated marker of cerebrovascular disease risk. This paper presents a new parameter, the IMT variability (IMTV), and compares it between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients taken from a cohort of Italian population. One hundred forty‐two patients were analyzed (age 59 ± 112 years, 59% males), 42 of these patients suffered from TIA or minor stroke. The lumen‐intima (LI) and media‐adventitia (MA) interfaces of the far wall were manually traced by a Reader. We also used a computer‐based automated system (called AutoEdge) to obtain the LI/MA interfaces. The LI/MA interfaces were used to measure the IMT and the IMTV along the distal wall of the common carotid artery. Wilcoxon and Pearson correlation analyses were performed. The agreement between the Reader's IMT and the AutoEdge IMT values was 98.7% for the symptomatic (0.83 ± 0.44 mm for Reader, 0.82 ± 0.35 mm for AutoEdge) and 94.9% for the asymptomatic patients (0.78 ± 0.45 mm for Reader, 0.74 ± 0.30 mm for AutoEdge). Correlation was 65% for symptomatic and 68% for asymptomatic patients, respectively. The IMT measured using AutoEdge was 1.2% lower compared to manual measurements in symptomatic population, while 5.12% lower in asymptomatic. The IMTV was 11% higher in symptomatic patients compared to asymptomatic when using manual delineations, 8% higher when using AutoEdge. There was no statistical difference between the manual and automated IMTV measurements (Wilcoxon signed rank, P > 0.7). We conclude that the IMT and IMTV values were very similar between Reader and AutoEdge software when studying symptomatic and asymptomatic patients in Italian population.


The transverse susceptibility of a multidomain uniaxial single-crystal is calculated on the basis of the Stewart-Lawton theory. In addition, the authors consider powders of such single-crystals with various degrees of easy-axis-alignment and the influence of the second-order anisotropy constant. Measurements performed on a barium-ferrite single-crystal are given for comparison. >


Resumen en: A study is presented about working conditions, stress, health, work-family conflict and work-use of spare time conflict of workers of a Colombian high ed...


The conduction band (CB) structure of potassium chloride in a rather wide energy region is calculated by means of the augmented plane wave (APW) method. The important features of CB are the hybridization and interaction of nearly free electron bands with K d- and Cl d-bands. These effects lead to the appearance of many contrast peaks in the energy distribution of the density of K p-and Cl p-states. These distributions are compared with the experimental X-ray K-spectra in KCl. As a result of this comparison it is concluded that the band theory of an ideal crystal ground state is insufficient for an adequate quantitative explanation of the X-ray absorption spectra in alkali halides. The assumption is made that one must take in account the deep core hole influence on the final-states spectrum.

[Russian Text Ignored].


The issue of proving cases of Sexual Violence Crime (SVC), also known as Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (TPKS), remains a challenging endeavor. Police investigators must employ a range of tactics in order to uncover the truth around a case of sexual violence. The objective of this study is to examine speech act tactics, specifically aggressive speech acts employed by police investigators during the process of interviewing a witness who has experienced sexual violence. The same interview was investigated in separate studies undertaken by Read et al. (2009), Westera et al. (2011), and Westera and Kebbel (2014). Nevertheless, prior scholarly investigations have mostly concentrated on the dynamics between law enforcement agents and those accused of sexual violence crimes. The present study constitutes an investigation in the field of forensic linguistics, with a specific emphasis on the examination of language usage within the context of legal procedures. The chosen methodology for this study is qualitative research. This study endeavors to analyze, investigate, and examine forceful statements made by law enforcement officers. The research data was collected through the observation of the interview procedure conducted by the Kepolisian Resor Kota (Polresta) Cilacap investigators with a witness who had experienced sexual violence. The acquired data was subsequently subjected to analysis utilizing Searle's (1979) theory of speech acts, with a particular focus on aggressive speech acts. The findings indicate that the police investigators employed aggressive speech patterns as a means to reinforce the information provided by the victim-witness. The reaffirmation is frequently conveyed by the use of a rhetorical tag, commonly referred to as "ya," appended to the end of the speech. Nevertheless, the assertive statement articulated by investigator H also exhibits elements of surprise, guides cognitive processes, and offers advice or suggestions.


This paper introduced possible ways to improve the MOSFET performance from the perspective of structure and material. The two updated MOSFET models fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) and gate-all-around field-effect transistor (GAAFET) are used to derive the conclusion in this word. To improve structure-based performance, results from simulations show short channel effect and self-heating effects are to be minimized. Strain engineering is studied with material analysis. This paper concluded that performance of FET can be improved by improving the mobility of electrons or holes by changing crystal lattice structure from the perspective of strain engineering. Other than that, changing structure to minimize short channel effect, making channels more spherical shape, and minimizing the thermal resistance and thermal capacitance are proved to be the solutions to improve performance of FET in this paper.


The objective of this research was evaluate the effect of barbasco (Lonchocarpus nicou) in the control of ectoparasites in laboratory mice. It was held an experimental, comparative, and longitudinal study was conducted. The study population was composed of a total of 20 laboratory of the strain BALB/c mice (Mus musculus).The research was conducted in the laboratory of the Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia of the Universidad National Hermilio Valdizán of Huánuco, during the period April to September 2014. Observation guides were used to collect data. Standard deviation and the Student T test were used to the inferential analysis of the results. Our study found three symptoms and signs of scabies that are: Erythema, pruritus and alopecia. Mean time to cure sarcoptic of laboratory mice using barbasco (Lonchocarpus nicou) had a mean of 12.3 days and in the control group (ivermectin) was 13.7 days; It is statistically significant with P≤0, 000. Finally it is concluded that using barbasco (Lonchocarpus nicou) scabies sarcoptic mange will heal more quickly and therefore is different and better than ivermectin. Within the signs and symptoms of scabies sarcoptic mange in laboratory mice treated with barbasco (Lonchocarpus nicou) as: Erythema (P≤0. 000); pruritus (P≤0. 000) and alopecia (P≤0, 000) were statistically significant. Investigación Valdizana 2016 Volumen 10, Número 2 61 Recibido el 16 de enero 2015 Aceptado el 14 de diciembre 2015 Harrus, S., Waner, T.; Keysary, A.; Voet, I. H., and Bark, H. 1998. Investigation of splenic functions in canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. Vet ImmunolImmunopathol. 62:15Hernández Sampieri, 2006. Metodología de la Investigación. Edit. Mc Graw Hill. Hoskins, J.D. 1991. Ehrlichial diseases of dogs: diagnosis and treatment, Can. Pract. 16: 13-21. Hoyos L. 2005. Evaluación del examen hematológico y la técnica indirecta de ELISA en el diagnóstico clínico-laboratorial de Ehrlichiosis canina. Tesis de médico veter inar io. Facultad De Medic ina Veterinaria.Univ. Nacional Mayor de San Marcos.Lima 104 p. Kuehn, N.F., S.D. GAUNT. 1985. Clinical and hematologic findings in canine Ehrlichiosis, JAVMA 186: 355-358. Li O, Diaz J, Hoyos L. Primer reporte de ehrlichiosis granulocitica canina en Perú. REDVEP (Perú), 2005, 33: 75-78 López, J., CASTILLO, A., MUNOZ, M. et al. Hallazgo de Ehrlichia canis en Chile, informe preliminar. Arch. med. vet., 1999, vol.31, no.2, p.211-214. Merck y col. 1999 El manual Merck de diagnóstico y tratamiento Harcourt S.A. Madrid. España 10ma Edición pp. 12381239. Moro, P.; Shah, J.; Li, O.; Gilman, R. H.; Harris, N., and Moro, M. 2009. Short Report:Serologic Evidence of Human Ehrlichiosis in Peru. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 80(2), pp.242–244. Mylonakys M, Borjesson D, Leontides L, Siarkou V, Theodorou K, Koutinas A. Cytologic patterns of lynphadenopathy in canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. Vet Clin Pathol, 2011, 40 (1): 78-83 Neer, T. 2000. Ehrlichiosis monocitica y granulocitica caninas. En: G. E. Greene, ed. Enfermedades infecciosas en perro y gatos. Mc. Graw – Hill Interamericana Mexico. p 153-162 Ristic, M., and Holland, C. J. 1993. Canine eh r l i ch i o s i s . En : Wo ldeh iwe t , R , ed.Rickettsial and Chlamydial. Diseases of Domestic Animals. Pergamon Press, Oxford,United Kingdom. p 169-186. Tami, I.; García, F. y Tami, M. 1994. Ehrlichiosis en animales y humanos en Act. Cient. Venez., 3: 17-24. Warner, T. y Harrus, S. Ehrlichiosis monocítica canina. 2000. En: Carmichael, L, ed.Recent Advances in Canine Infectious Diseases. Publisher: International Veterinary Information Service (www.ivis.org), Ithaca, New York, USA. Woody, B. J., and Hoskins, J. D. 1991. Ehrlichial diseases of dogs. Vet Clin North Am. Small AnimPract. 21(1):75-98. ESTUDIO COMPARATIVO DE DOS TRATAMIENTOS (Tetraciclina clorhidrato y Doxiciclina) CONTRA LA EHRLICHIOSIS CANINA COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TWO TREATMENTS (Tetracycline hydrochloride and Doxycicline) AGAINST THE CANINE EHRLICHIOSIS Investigación Valdizana 2016Volumen 10, Número 2 60 ISSN 1994 1420 (Versión Impresa) ISSN 1195 445X (Versión Digital) IS S N 1 9 9 4 1 4 2 0 ( V e rs ió n I m p re s a ) IS S N 1 1 9 5 4 4 5 X ( V e rs ió n D ig it a l)


Despite the staggering economic and ecological impacts of invasive animals, maps of their distribution are often only broad generalisations. Detailed knowledge about the spatial distribution of pest animals is crucial to efficiently reduce their numbers in open landscapes where no conservation fencing, or natural boundaries exist.

Our case study tests a random but spatially balanced transect design to collect data on the distribution of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), a major destructive pest species in Australian ecosystems, and create distribution maps in relation to abiotic and biotic features. We surveyed an area of 650 km2 in the semi‐arid Flinders Ranges of South Australia using 95 transects (1.4 km length by 50 m width), that were placed with a method originally developed for surveying the ocean‐floor and applied for the first time in terrestrial ecosystems.

According to a hurdle model fitted to our data set, the presence of rabbit warrens is influenced by geology, vegetation cover and the topographic wetness index, whereas the number of holes per warren depends on the ruggedness of the terrain, the vegetation cover and whether it has previously been destroyed.

The model predicted the numbers of rabbit holes with up to 96.4% accuracy and at a previously unavailable resolution, providing a significant improvement in detail of the distribution of this feral animal.

Synthesis and applications: A reliable, high‐resolution map of the distribution of rabbit densities was generated with surveying of less than 1% of the study area, information that can now be used to direct targeted conservation management efforts. This method is highly accurate and can still be improved in future studies.


Day-to-day (DTD) temperature variation reflects a rapid weather variability, which significantly affects human health and ecosystems. However, while a few of studies have addressed certain regional variations, no global pattern of rapid temperature variability has yet been investigated. Here, using global daily temperature observation data, we present a study of the worldwide spatial heterogeneity of rapid temperature variability and its long-term trends over the past 60 years. We found a significant decline in northern mid and high latitudes in boreal winter but a significant increase in the Arctic coast, South China and Australia in boreal summer during the study period. Using observational data and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) multi-model ensemble simulations, we further demonstrate that the human-caused increase in greenhouse gases (GHGs) concentration leads to a significant change in meridional temperature gradient, which in turn results in the observed decline of rapid temperature variability in the mid and high latitudes and the increase in rapid temperature variability in Arctic Coast in summer. In contrast, human-induced increase in GHGs and aerosol accounts for approximately one third and two third of the decline of rapid temperature variability in North China in boreal summer, respectively. However, the increase in summer rapid temperature variability in southern China appears to be primarily associated with the long-term internal climate variability. It is further shown that, based on the CMIP5 multi-model ensemble simulations, the projected rapid temperature variability shows a significant decrease in the high latitudes in winter but a slight increase in tropical zones by the end of this century. These findings clearly reveal an important role of human activities on the historical and future rapid temperature variability.


There is considerable consensus among scholars of ethnic riots that ethnically mixed areas are more prone to collective violence than segregated ones. The conclusion is based on studies that compare levels of violence between segregated and mixed localities. While this addresses disparities between settlements of dissimilar ethnic composition, variations in spread of violence across ethnically mixed areas remain a mystery. Seeking to explicate these variations, this dissertation proposes an approach that not only examines the ethnic composition of a neighbourhood, but also its location in relation to adjoining neighbourhoods of similar or dissimilar ethnic makeup and their shared boundaries. It takes Jos as its case - a central Nigerian city where contestations over indigene rights and political representation have led to large-scale ethnic riots. Over 5,000 people were killed in episodic violence between 2001 and 2010, distinguishing the clashes as some of the most atrocious and persistent in Nigeria's modern history. Based on an ethnographic fieldwork carried out across Jos' neighbourhoods between 2015 and 2017, the dissertation empirically demonstrates that ethnically mixed areas located between segregated ones experience more incidents of violence than mixed neighbourhoods not comparably located. While segregated localities provide a hospitable environment for mobilising armed mobs, the mixed areas, especially those located between segregated settlements, serve as the frontiers of collective violence. Moreover, locals-only pedestrian alleys linking neighbourhoods with contiguous boundaries enhance the mobility of armed mobs, while major highways and other physical barriers hinder it. The conclusion explains the theoretical as well as the practical implications of these findings.


Chondrogenic differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) via embryoid bodies (EBs) is an established model to investigate chondrogenesis signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms in vitro. Our aim has been to improve upon the number of differentiated cells needed for the in vitro development of functional cartilage. Chondrogenic differentiation of buffalo ESCs was modulated by bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP‐2), fibroblast growth factor 10 (FGF‐10), transforming growth factor‐beta1 (TGF‐β1) individually and their combination. ESCs differentiation into chondrocytes was characterized by the appearance of Alcian blue‐stained nodules and the expression of cartilage‐associated genes (RT‐PCR) and protein (immunocytochemistry). BMP‐2 or FGF‐10 treatment enhanced chondrogenic differentiation, whereas TGF‐β1 treatment inhibited buffalo ESC‐derived chondrogenesis. The combination of BMP‐2 and FGF‐10 was the most effective treatment. This treatment resulted in a higher number of Alcian blue‐positive nodules by 15.2‐fold, expression of the mesenchymal cell marker scleraxis gene by 3.25‐fold, and the cartilage matrix protein collagen II gene and protein 1.9‐ and 7‐fold, respectively, compared to the untreated control group. Chondrogenesis was also recapitulated from mesenchymal and chondrogenic progenitor cells, resulting in the establishment of mature chondrocytes. Thus, buffalo ESCs can be successfully triggered in vitro to differentiate into chondrocyte‐like cells by specific growth factors, which may provide a novel in vitro model for further investigation of the regulatory mechanism(s) involved.


These five poems are a part of a fake translation project that attempts to map the slippage between cultures and languages by subverting what Venuti (2008) called the translator's invisibility.


There are difficulties for the patients to prove causality of medical negligence liability,however,there are not any provisions for it in Tort Liability Act,and the task of developing evidence rules has been left to the judicial.The two law systems adopt general rule of allocation of burden of proof,but it creates many methods of mitigating or inverting proof burden through judicial.The dynamic burden of proof should be adopted by China to resolve difficulties of the patients from all courses of the proceedings.Currently,the obligations of cases solution could be an important tool for this,and causality of immunology can also be introduced.


Fibrous cortical defects are local disturbances of ossification, most commonly seen in the metaphysis of tubular bones in growing children. These lesions are usually clinically silent


This paper describes the results of measurements of the branching ratio (k2b/(k2a + k2b)) for formation of organic nitrates via peroxy radical reaction with NO, following the reaction of the OH radical with isoprene (2-methyl-l,3-butadiene). The experiments were conducted in a 5 m3 all-Teflon photochemical reaction chamber, via the photolysis of isopropyl nitrite in the presence of isoprene and NO. The organic nitrate yield was determined from the measurement of the sum of all organic nitrate isomers, using an organic nitrate selective detector, as a function of isoprene consumed. Organic nitrates were sampled directly from the reaction chamber into a capillary Chromatographic column, followed by separation and quantitative pyrolytic conversion to NO2, which was detected through luminol chemiluminescence. In this manner, seven isomeric organic nitrates were observed, with a total yield of 4.4%. The structural features of the precursor peroxy radicals that influence the magnitude of the yield is discussed. Emission inventories for isoprene and NO lead to the conclusion that as much as 7% of NO emitted in the eastern United States in the summer months is lost from the atmosphere through the isoprene nitrate channel.


The problem of the crack resistance of a steam turbine rotor disk with an initial semi-elliptical crack is investigated in this paper. The forces affecting the disk are due to its rotation and consist of a load uniformly distributed of the surface rim, modeling the impact of the blades, and mass forces distributed over the volume of the disk. It is assumed that the process of deformation of the rotor disk is linear. The stress intensity factor (CIF) are used to evaluate the fracture resistance. The steam turbine rotor disc is a massive axisymmetric body, which is why a semi-analytic finite element method is used to model the stress-strain state, which has been proven in a number of work for objects of this type. In the first stage, the distribution of stress-strain state of the rotor disc without crack is determined. The obtained results showed that maximum stresses occur in the region of the inner hole of the rotor disk. The following was to determine the fracture resistance of the rotor disc with a crack that may appear under the highest stress level. The configuration of the crack front is elliptical. The obtained results shows that the CIF attains the maximum value at the point furthest from the inner hole. The influence of ellipticity on the maximum values of CIF was investigated. The maximum CIN values for the rotor disc were determined using the approximate method used in the design of such objects. It involves the results of the known formula used to determine the CIF in the plate with a lateral crack. Comparison of results shows the nesecity of calculate such objects in the spatial formulation. There are significant limitations to the use of the two-dimensional approach to determine CIF in such objects.


Abstract The use of plasmid DNA (pDNA) for human vaccines is a novel approach against leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease with severe clinical manifestations. The development of feasible bioprocesses to obtain such vaccines is a public-health priority. The aim of this work was to investigate the substrate-source flexibility of an exponential-fed perfusion (EFP) system to produce the plasmid pVAX1-NH36 for use as a leishmaniasis vaccine. Batch and EFP cultures were conducted using Escherichia coli DH5α as a host and glucose or glycerol as a carbon source. The culture kinetics of the cell, substrate and plasmid concentrations were measured. Mathematical kinetics models were fitted to experimental data and used to describe the system comportment (r2 > 0.95). Plasmid productivities of 13.3 mg/(L h) using glucose and 19.4 mg/(L h) using glycerol were obtained. These levels represent a 1–3-fold increase in performance index compared with previously reported cultures using E. coli DH5α. The novel aspect of this work is the demonstration of the flexibility of EFP cultures for production of pDNA vaccines. Our data suggest that E. coli engineering to increase pDNA production using glucose can be circumvented with an EFP culture, reducing the host strain development costs. In addition, the greater productivity of EFP cultures entails a reduction in manufacturing costs.


The textile sector is one of the leading industries in the world and in Turkey. This sector is one of the most affected sectors by the recently emerged New Coronavirus Pandemic. Both people's and business life are affected and supply chain activities were disrupted. Many companies tried to determine the economic and strategic impacts of the pandemic. This study focused on analyzing the economic effects of the New Coronavirus Pandemic based on yearly comparisons of the textile sector in Bursa and Gaziantep, Turkey. A questionnaire is applied and it includes descriptive questions, economic impact questions, and yearly based comparison analyses of 241 textile companies in Bursa and 181 textile companies in Gaziantep. The obtained data were analyzed via SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) 25.0 software by means of, frequency, percentage, average, standard deviations, T-test, and ANOVA tests. Most of the participants stated their economic worries and opinions in the economic impact analysis section. The hypotheses are tested and it is revealed that there is a meaningful difference between operation year, legal status, the market of businesses, and the monthly turnover of companies and how they were affected by COVID-19 in some of the subsets. In Bursa, participants have fewer negative opinions about the sustainability of economic activities. The study results showed that despite increased lead times, delivery times and participants' negative opinions, monthly turnover, and the number of employees, the number of exporting companies increased in both cities.


Under the background of the phased examination of practicing physicians, the connotation construction of promoting learning evaluation system of classroom evaluation, internship evaluation and practice evaluation is established to cultivate the medical moral quality and clinical practice ability of medical students, grasp the core content of process management and process evaluation centered on medical students in promoting learning evaluation system, actively explore the practice promoting learning evaluation system, and further improve the teaching quality.


Cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) systems are expected to provide faster and more robust connections to user equipments by cooperation of a massive number of distributed access points (APs), and to be one of the key technologies for beyond 5G (B5G). CF-mMIMO systems with multiple-antenna APs have been investigated from various viewpoints recently. However, no comprehensive analysis of the impact of antenna distribution on CF-mMIMO system performance has been done so far, which is important for practical deployment. Besides spectral efficiency, in B5G, energy efficiency of user equipments is one of the key indicators because various kinds of battery-limited devices connect to the network. Thus, this paper provides a comprehensive performance analysis of the impact of antenna distribution on the performance indicators, while considering several combining/precoding schemes and transmit power control algorithms. For uplink maximal-ratio combining, the concentrated deployment has the best performance thanks to the channel hardening and favorable propagation phenomena. On the other hand, the concentrated deployment prominently suffers from shadowing effects. For uplink/downlink minimum mean-square error combining with transmit power control, the semi-distributed deployments show the best performance, and it implies that we can reduce the number of APs to 1/4 for uplink and to 1/2 for downlink while keeping the same performance as the fully-distributed deployment.


The thermogravimetric and thermomechanical curves, the rate of burning and weight loss were determined for vinylacetate copolymer paints. These paints are applied for fire protection purpose on metal and wooden structures. The study was carried on the influence of the polymeric binders and various additives that are used for manufacturing of paints, varnishes and enamels on the mechanism and the rate of combustion. The kinetic curves of temperature change on a metallic substrate during the pyrolysis under propane/air flame were obtained. The observation has showed that adding the phosphoric acid to the vinylacetate – vinyl chloride copolymer paint leads the phosphorus remains in the condensed phase and enables the change in the combustion mechanism. At the same time the chlorine supports the tarring process in the condensed phase with the transform to the carbonized residue of fine structure as well as inhibition of combustion mainly in the flare, i.e. in the gas phase. In general, when combustion inhibiting paints based on VA-VCl copolymer with phosphorus-containing additives inhibiting mechanism is realized symbatically mixture P + Cl. Visco-elastic properties of the copolymer of VA-DM appear on the whole temperature range 0 – 90 о C, which leads to the possibility of its use as a polymeric binder for monolithic coatings. In the temperature range (43 – 46 о C) is equal to the glass transition temperature of the copolymer, BA-DM has inflection corresponding to 80 % strain. For polyvinylacetate observed three physical states: the glass (28 – 190 о C), highly elastic (190–370 о C) and viscous flow (370 – 430 о C). Differential thermal analysis showed that derivatogram characterized exothermic peaks at 300 (glass PVA), 500 (softening temperature of PVA), oxidation-230 о, 250 о, 330 о, 390 о, 420 о and 540 о and exothermic peaks at 120 о C (temperature strength PVA) 170 о C (decomposition temperature) deep pyrolysis at 260 о C, 300 о, 400 о and 440 о C. Copolymers VA-VCl and VA-DM differ from PVA having high ink exo effect at 580 о C, apparently, this is accompanied by a significant amount of heat during oxidative degradation, which causes the greatest weight loss at this temperature. The goal of this work – the study of the combustion mechanism and creation of fire-retardant coatings based on polyvinyl acetate emulsion (PVA), and copolymers of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride (VA-VCl), vinyl acetate and dibutylmaleate (BA-DM), grade 50 PD 35B for the printing industry (OST 6-05-637-78, and methylacrylate lacquer (MAC) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) – (MAC-MMA), chloroprene latex (Xl) with trihlorbutadienom (THB) – (Xl-THB) with various additives. Tasks of research – study pyrolysis combustion according to the nature of paint. Conducting fire tests at 1100 °C in a propane-air flame on a "Ceramic pipes" (CT) (GOST 745-73) with the measurement of the kinetic characteristics and weight loss samples vinylacetate copolymer paints with additives to assess the fire as fire protective coatings for metal and wood substrates. Thermogravimetric studies of samples in a stream of air and an inert gas at a heating rate of 10 0/min. Thermomechanical test plates to a thickness of 2 ± 0,1 mm at a load of 10 kg/cm 2 and a heating rate 5 – 10 о/min. Brief conclusions. The processes in the condensed phase pyrolysis and combustion of propane-air flame with a temperature of 1100 °C and flame on a "Ceramic pipes" for the first time the possibility of obtaining slow-burning fire-retardant paints based on a copolymer of vinyl acetate and vinyl chloride. It was found that on a wooden substrate burning rate and weight loss of paint VA-VCl decrease with the introduction of various modifiers. Found that the rate of combustion nail MAC-MMA decreases in 4, loss of weight – 5 times with the introduction of blowing agents. Latex with chloroprene trihlorbutadien becomes slow-compounds in the presence of phosphorus compounds and the blowing agent. Sodium tungstate causes the appearance of a solid finely porous coke. Developed fire retardant foaming paint based on a copolymer of vinyl acetate for wood and metal surfaces.


The pin holding strengths of partially threaded and nonthreaded intramedullary pins were compared in an in vitro study. The mean percent holding strength of partially threaded pins to nonthreaded pins was 102%. No relationships could be determined when the holding strength of the pins was evaluated as a function of the dog's weight, bone length, and length of pin within the bone. It was concluded that no statistical difference in in vitro pin holding strength exists between the two types of pins.


In order to improve the reliability and stability of the shipboard power system, this paper establishes a twelve-phase rectifier generator, speed control system model, excitation System model, generator set control model and load model library using modular modeling method. The working conditions of different typical loads of the shipboard power system are simulated in the Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results show that the established model can be compared systematically and accurately reflect the actual operation of the shipboard power system. At the same time, it can avoid the high cost and high risk of actual working conditions. The study has important reference significance for modeling and design modulation research of shipboard power system.


High quality graphene was obtained though microwave irradiated expansion following a solution process. This method is facile, inexpensive, and produces usable results. Ultrathin, uniform graphene films were fabricated at room temperature by a vacuum filtration method. Combining carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as bridges between graphene flakes allowed the fabrication of high-performance conductive films for flexible applications, with conductivities and optical properties comparable to commercial ITO: 181 Ω sq − 1 at 82.2% transmittance after chemical treatment and doping. With future work, this versatile material could well provide an appropriate transparent electrode for flexible optical electronics.


The book of Ushul as-Sunnah, treatise of Abdullah bin Abdul Rahman al-Jibrin, expressed that the thoughts of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal in Ilahiyyat concept is in line with ahlus sunnah wal-jamaah school of thought. However, the creation foundation of his thoughts in Ilahiyyat concept is not described in detail. Therefore,
study of the thoughts of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal in Ilahiyyat concept needs to be done. With this study, his thouhgts can be studied and developed in the future. It is very important on when the Moslem today are in the critical things related to the right creed. The objective of this study is to identify the concept of Illahiyyat as a
whole based on the biographical study of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal, his speeches and writings in the book. This study used the library research method which is a qualitative method by using content and comparison analysis. The thoughts of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal in Ilahiyyat concept can be studied from his creed publications,
especially it is a book of Ushul as-Sunnah and the respected books written by the leaders of ahli sunnah wal-jamaah, they are Ibn Taimiyyah al-Harrani, Ibn Qayyim al-Jauziah, Imam Abu Hasan al-Asyaari dan Imam Abu Manshur al-Maturidy who they are as comparison sources. The results show that the thought of Imam Ahmad
bin Hanbal on the proof of the existence of Allāh is proven through the creation of the universe. He has faith in elements and traits of Allāh from eternal, goods and bads Qadār from Allāh, giving all to the Khaliq after trying his best to solve any problem and Allāh can be seen in the hereafter. Practically, this study suggests that the concept of Ilahiyyat which is based on the Quran and Sunnah should be justified according to the study of modern knowledge so that it is easily understood by the
community.


This article examines the effects of technical change upon the division of labour in Rochdale and Aberdeen. It is based upon interviews undertaken as part of the ESRC's Social Change and Economic Life Research Initiative. The results reveal that there was little difference between establishments in the two localities within broadly matched industrial sectors. There was little evidence in the research to support the deskilling thesis. There was more evidence of a skilling of the workforce, but this was by no means universal. In particular, there was overwhelming evidence that machine maintenance skills were increasing as a result of computerization. There were also widespread increases in skill amongst clerical workers as a result of the introduction of wordprocessors and other computer-


Abstract A survey of 500 respondents from Beijing, China, was conducted to investigate their perceptions of the functions and consequences of pharmaceutical advertising and their medical decisions. Results indicated that Chinese consumers held a very positive attitude toward advertising in general, as well as toward pharmaceutical advertising in particular. Pharmaceutical advertising was most readily accepted as information for brand differentiation and market updates. However, pharmaceutical advertising was considered neither enjoyable nor trustworthy. Chinese consumers were marginally concerned about societal effects such as manipulation and economic benefits. They were most concerned about the economic costs of advertising. Consumers strongly supported the need for tighter control of the content of pharmaceutical advertising. Self-medication was found to be common in China (as opposed to going to a medical doctor). The proportion of consumers who used over-the-counter pharmaceuticals as a first-line tr...


FOR THESIS University of Oulu Faculty of Technology Degree Programme Major Subject (Licentiate Thesis) Industrial Engineering and Management Author Thesis Supervisor Alatulkkila Simo Kauppila O., D.Sc. (Tech)


City is the focus of logistics, passenger flow and information flow, and the unity of a large number of material and spiritual entities in a narrow geographical range. Cities can gather a large number of people, buildings and social and economic activities in a small area, all depend on a good location. When a region needs a city and where it is born, the decisive factor is location. A city, as long as it has a good location, can be quickly rebuilt after natural and man-made disasters. Based on the geographical location of the city, this paper discusses the natural resources, time difference and traffic respectively, and with examples of different cities are given in detail. This paper discusses the impacts of geographical location on urban development on different aspects, from natural resources, time difference and traffic. Those are factors can be determined by the geographical location of cities. Iceland benefits from superior geographical location with abundant natural resources, while Saudi Arabia suffers from poor geographical location with limited clean water supply. Bangalore enjoys the perfect time difference with United States. Zhengzhou and Guangzhou are in superb geographical locations in terms of convenient transportation. This paper concluded that geographical location plays a great role in promoting economic growth and potential urban development.


Arc heated duct facilities providing high temperature supersonic turbulent boundary layer flows over large samples for orbital logistic vehicle thermal protection tests


Increasing rates of overweight among children in the U.S. stimulated interest in obtaining national percentile curves of body size to serve as a benchmark in assessing growth development in clinical and population settings. In 2000, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) developed conditional percentile curves for body mass index (BMI) for ages 2–20 years. The 2000 CDC BMI‐for‐age curves are partially parametric and only partially incorporated the survey sample weights in the curve estimation. As a result, they may not fully reflect the underlying pattern of BMI‐for‐age in the population. This motivated us to develop a nonparametric double‐kernel‐based method and automatic bandwidth selection procedure. We include sample weights in the bandwidth selection, conduct median correction to reduce small‐sample smoothing bias, and rescale the bandwidth to make it scale invariant. Using this procedure we re‐estimate the national percentile BMI‐for‐age curves and the prevalence of high‐BMI children in the U.S. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Agricultural exchange information Commodity exchanges can make extensive information resources available to you. The Chicago Board of Trade and Chicago Mercantile Exchange have many free publications that explain topics ranging from the duties of a floor trader to understanding and using basis information. Much of this information is available at the Web sites of the various commodity exchanges. Two primary regulatory bodies oversee futures and options trading: the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and the National Futures Association (NFA). See the list below.


Abstract : The Harry Diamond Laboratories continued development work on a tamper-resistant/tamper-indicating safing system for the U.S. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency. The safing system consists of a fiber optic seal and related equipment that assembles, photographs, and identifies the seals in the field. The seals are intended for field use in international safeguards and arms control applications. The report describes improvements in the fiber optic seal assemblies and in the inspection equipment. The inspection equipment includes a means for seal identification by reticle pattern projection that does not require any photographs to be taken of the seal's fingerprints. Also included are (1) the results of the preliminary environmental tests on the sealing system, and (2) detailed operating procedures for the new fiber optic seal assembly and inspection kits.


Constructivists treat individual knowledge as what is constructed by one's brain through the discovery of knowledge. To construct knowledge effectively by media, students must have the ability to use media under the specific symbol system. The core of modern media is IT as well as computers. To a great extent, educational technology has been seen as computers and computer-based systems. Computers can be used to change instruction and learning as instructional tools, informational tools, communication tools, constructional tools (cooperatively constructional tools) and contextual tools. The new educational ideas are not something out of IT, but integrated with IT. Computers can be used to transfer many educational ideas into practice.


This article aims to demonstrate an esthetic rehabilitation of the anterior teeth region with increased prosthetic space with a fixed prosthesis without compromising esthetic proportions. In cases where excess pontic space is present, the use of a conventional prosthesis would jeopardize the esthetic proportions to maintain the integrity of the prosthesis. A loop connector, which is usually a spring cantilever connector system, can be advocated in such cases to re-establish form without obliterating preexisting spaces or diastema. This case report demonstrates prosthetic rehabilitation of a missing anterior tooth in a 37-year-old female patient with an increased pontic space using a loop connector system that takes bilateral support to better support the prosthesis functionally from the abutments and the palatal tissues that it is rested upon in close adaptation with. In situations that pose constraints in placing an isolated implant-supported prosthesis, a loop connector fixed prosthesis is warranted, to maintain spaces around the pontic that would not compromise with the esthetics and even mechanically sustain well.


A rotating universe represented by the Gödel metric in spacetimes with Cartan torsion is investigated where the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) is computed from the Gödel rotation of the universe and the spin density of the spinning fluid in EinsteinCartan gravity.The autoparallel equation in Riemann-Cartan spacetime is shown to lead to the evolution equation of the cosmological perturbation where the spin-rotation coupling is the source of the growth of inhomogeneities.Unfortunatly the limit of the temperature anisotropy is far beyond the quantum capabilities of any experimental device and is therefore far away from any possibility of detection by PLANCK or MAP modern devices for measuring the CMBR. Departamento de F́ısica Teorica-UERJ. Rua São Fco. Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Maracanã, CEP:20550-003 , Brasil. E-Mail.: email@example.com Many years ago J.Silk [1] has discussed the stability of Gödel universe in the realm of general relativistic cosmology. Among other results he showed that the rotating universe is stable along the to perturbations in the plane of rotation while is unstable along the rotation axis;and that the CMBR temperature anisotropy depends on the Gödel rotation.In this letter we show that Silk result can be extended to Riemann-Cartan [2] spacetimes with torsion where use is made of the autoparallels [3]instead of geodesics in a manner that we are led to the evolution of the Gödel perturbation of densities in the spinning fluid in Einstein-Cartan gravity (EC).The idea of introducing the spin-torsion coupling with the Gödel rotation leads to a source coupling term between the spin and rotation.Solution of this equation allow us to investigate the stability of the Gödel universe with torsion.The evolution of the density perturbations allow us to write an expression for the anisotropy in the CMBR as done in GR the only and important diference is that now we are able to place an upper limit on torsion from the COBE satellite constraints.Let us now consider the Gödel metric in the form [4] ds = a[(dx) − (dx) + e 1 2 (dx) − (dx) + 2e 1 dxdx] (1) where a is the the Gödel scale parameter and Ω = (0, 0, c α √ 2 ).The autoparallel equation is given d ds v + [−Γμαβ + 2Q μ ( αβ)]v v = 0 (2) where Γμαβ is the Riemannian connection or the Christoffel connection and i = 1, 2, 3 and μ = 0, 1, 2, 3 and the torsion tensor Qμαβ = S μ αvβ is splitted in terms of the spin density tensor according to the Frenkel condition S αv α = 0 where the spin density tensor Sμα = −Sαμ.Taking the divergence of equation [2] yields d ds ∂μv μ + [−Γμαβ + 2Q μ ( αβ)]v v + 2[−∂Γμαβ + 2∂μQ μ ( αβ)](∂μv )v = 0 (3) From the conservation equation in Riemann-Cartan spacetime


Hanna Rosin's book, The End of Men, is a provocative and, at times, insightful examination of the changing economic positions of men and women.1 A journalist by training, Rosin skillfully weaves individuals' stories into a broader exploration of social and economic transformation.The core of the story is not that men are ending, of course, but that male dominance is. The economy is changing, Rosin observes, in ways that advantage women and disfavor men. Women have moved ahead educationally at the same time that advanced education has become worth more economically. As a result of technology and globalization, the income gap between, for instance, workers with post-graduate degrees versus those with only high school diplomas has grown considerably.2 Among less-educated workers, too, shifts in the economy favor women. During the past few decades, the manufacturing jobs traditionally held by blue-collar men have become fewer and less lucrative, while the service jobs that women dominate are growing. Thus, women are doing better economically while men are doing worse, a repositioning that unsettles intimate relationships and patterns of parenting and family.While the book includes many important observations and interesting stories, in this Essay I focus instead on what it excludes. In The End of Men, African Americans scarcely figure at all. They are cast as bit players at best, peripheral to the unfolding drama that Rosin seeks to chronicle. The absence of African Americans might seem unremarkable; after all, they are a numerical minority in American society. Yet, in fact, the omission of the African American experience is unfortunate because the pivotal development on which Rosin focuses - women gaining economic power and men losing it - is more apparent in the lives of African Americans than any other group.3 If one wants to identify the potential implications for intimate relationships and family patterns of the continued economic repositioning of men and women, there is no better place to look than the lives of African Americans.Throughout the book Rosin suggests that women have overtaken men economically. She highlights prominent women executives at Google and Facebook as though they are representative of a broader change.4 She emphasizes that women are more likely to graduate high school and attend college than their male counterparts. She further touts a study of census data by a private marketing firm that purports to show that young, childless women in urban areas earn substantially more than their male counterparts.5As intriguing as these bits of information are, they present a misleading picture. While Rosin is, of course, correct that women have progressed economically in recent decades, both relative to men and in an absolute sense, women have not eclipsed men economically to nearly the extent that Rosin suggests. Among whites, on whom Rosin focuses, the gender gap in education is small and in some cases actually favors men. As Rosin acknowledges, although high school girls are more proficient readers than boys are,6 boys still outperform girls in math.7 While greater numbers of women than men now graduate college, men still dominate the math and science fields (for example, computer science) that are most likely to lead to high-paying careers. So too are men still the majority at elite law, business, and medical schools.Nor do the census data support the conclusion that women are outpacing men professionally. Rather, as sociologist Philip Cohen observes, women's supposed earnings advantage in the census study that Rosin cites simply reflects the fact that the urban areas studied contained large numbers of poorly educated and low-earning Latino men.8 When college-educated white women workers are compared to their male counterparts, the women still earn less.9White women's educational advancement hasn't translated into earnings parity with men in part because highly educated white women are less likely to work full time than either their less well-educated female counterparts or their male peers. …


The analysis of the present-day state of social prophylaxis of drug addiction in the Republic of Mordovia is presented in the article. Problems of inter-institutional interaction of the prophylaxis entities of the region are considered. The results of sociological research determining drug addiction risk groups are summarised.


The invention relates to a torsion beam axle 1 for a motor vehicle, comprising two longitudinal arms 2, 3 and the longitudinal control arms 2, 3 connecting torsion section 4 and a method for producing such a torsion section 4. The torsion 4 is manufactured from a blank 8, which has a central portion 5 and its end opposite the central portion 5 widened flanges 10, 11 has. The middle portion 5 is formed into a U- or V-shaped profile and is open at the end. The flanges 10, 11 of the circuit board 8 are formed into at the central portion 5 adjacent end portions 6, 7 with a closed hollow profile and joined along their adjacent longitudinal edges. Here, the flanges 10, converted 11 from the open side 12 of the central portion 5 to the outside and connected to each other in a lying above the open side 12 of the center section 5 horizontal longitudinal plane HLE1, in particular welded. The middle portion 5 is a single layer, whereas the end portions 6, 7 have a hollow profile.


The objective of the field experiment is to evaluate the effectiveness of anaerobic biodegradation of chlorinated benzenes and toluenes. Excavated soil from a chemical manufacturing site was saturated to maintain anaerobic conditions and treated with nutrients (butyrate, yeast extract, and glucose). One sample was treated with nutrients and microbial inoculation. Preliminary results for the first 24 weeks showed that higher chlorinated benzene concentrations are reduced with an increase of concentrations of lower halogenated species, resulting from deahalogenation. No significant change in the concentrations of chlorinated toluenes was observed during this period. This is consistent with earlier laboratory work in which benzene dehalogenation preceded toluene dehalogenation. Rapid consumption of butyrate and sulfate was also observed.


Meteorology is currently built on a variety of measurements from several sources. The means to gain insight over the amount of available data are subject to intrinsic characteristics of the data. In this context, Topological Data Analysis (TDA) tools offer the possibility to overcome those limitations and harness a huge amount of data. Due to its roots in Group Theory, TDA can be intimidating and is yet underexplored in Meteorology. The current review aims to prospect some of TDA's capabilities in Atmospheric Sciences and provide insights on possible applications.


Discussions on the design of CAD/CAI system for cam contour curve based on personal computer are presented, and the primary idea of design, practice method, developing procedure of the system are conducted with the Microsoft Visual Basic 5.0 under the Windows 95/NT operation system. The function of the software is also introduced.


This paper primarily focuses on Facial Expression detection and classification and beating other SOTA [State-of-the-Art Models] in the space. When discussing face images, the term "facial expressions" is a common terminology. These expressions can sometimes be a blend of two or more human feelings that lead to wrong predictions. When taking about the systems it is commonly classified into four systems, Recognition, Extraction, Detection, and segmentation.


Ocean acoustic tomography is one of the observation method to the Ocean and a observation was carried out at JAMSTEC (Japan Marine Science and Technology Center) in the Kuroshio Extension region, east of Japan from July to September 1997. In this observation, five transceivers (consist of sound source and hydrophone array) were used and arranged 28-36N, 143-154 E area. The longest distance between transceivers were about 1000 km range and moored about 1,100 m depth. These transceivers communicated eight times (in August) or four times (in July and September) a day with each other. Time series of 1,000 km square propagation data in this observation area were recorded and analyzed. The time series of 3D temperature fields shows the variability of Kuroshio Extension with high time resolution.