The article deals with semantics and structure of complex and composite words appearing nowadays in the modern Karakalpak language.
 Complex words are formed from two or more words and denote a broad concept. Combination of their components are combined by meaning as fixed combinations and they perform a function of one member of a sentence.
KEY WORDS: Composite terms, thematic classification, lexical-semantic classification, structure, paired words, abbreviated words, borrowed composite words, tracing.


FIELD: technological processes. SUBSTANCE: method includes filling an elongated inflatable mould with gas, applying an anti-adhesive airtight layer and a reinforcing filler layer thereon to form a workpiece, shaping the workpiece, applying a flexible airtight layer onto it, impregnating the reinforcing filler layer with a binder vacuum infusion method, curing the binder, and removing elongated inflatable shape from the workpiece. The elongated inflatable form is filled with gas to pressure of 1.175-1.225 atm. A layer of the distribution grid is applied over the anti-adhesive airtight layer. A layer of release fabric and a layer of the distribution grid are applied over the reinforcing filler. At the ends of the workpiece, the layers applied to the elongated inflatable form are clamped, except for the antiadhesive airtight layer, they are stretched, the workpiece is given an arcuate shape by bending on a curved surface. The stretched layers applied to the elongated inflatable form are re-stretched, a perforated hose is placed along the reinforcing filler. After applying a flexible airtight layer to the workpiece, a vacuum is formed under the layer and the reinforcing filler is impregnated with the binder through the perforated hose. EFFECT: increasing reliability, reducing the number of defects on its surface. 4 cl, 1 dwg, 3 tbl, 6 ex


From a clinical point of view, direct tests are adequate for these requirements, because they can reveal the presence of the agent, the SARS‐CoV‐2. The gold standard is the reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction in respiratory samples. This test gives positive results since early infection states, even before the beginning of the symptoms or in absence of them.[1] Nevertheless, it requires specialized human resources and high‐complexity equipment, with high costs and needlessly time‐consuming conditions, which make their use difficult in low‐complexity laboratories.


May be manufactured by the following steps of the piezoelectric resonator of: providing a first master, a first strip electrode formed on the mother board, and extends substantially along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and a field electrode and a the direction of the guide line extending between the electrodes is a first direction. Length of the first strip electrode is formed by cutting a second mother mother board at a first cutting position, such that in a first direction relative to the target measured resonance frequency and having a precise desired length of electrode overlap. A second strip electrode film is formed by using the second master plate thus formed, and then cutting the second mother board.


Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the ongoing controversial issue of whether ischemia/reperfusion during elective coronary angioplasty evokes myocardial peroxidative injury.


One of the actual problems of management of patients with type 2 diabetes in combination with HUE is the choice of optimal complex drug therapy. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of magnesium orotate in combination with standard hypoglycemic therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes with HUE. 161 patients with type 2 diabetes were examined (67 men and 94 women) who received oral hypoglycemic therapy. The average age of men in the General group was (58.13 ± 10.13) [34–78] years, women — (61.33 ± 8.6) [42–81] years. The average duration of the disease in men (11.0 ± 8.15) years, in women — (12.35±8.94) years. HUE was diagnosed in 39.8 % (n = 64) of the examined patients. Patients with HUE along with standard hypoglycemic therapy were prescribed magnesium orotate: 1 week — 3 g per day, then 1.5 g per day for 3 months. Evaluation of the effectiveness of magnesium oroate therapy was carried out on the dynamics of the level of UA in the blood, glucose homeostasis, components of the blood lipid spectrum, heart rate and blood pressure. The data is analyzed using parametric statistics methods. It is shown that magnesium orotate therapy for 3 months in patients with type 2 diabetes with HUE, who receive oral hypoglycemic therapy, it contributes the level of UA in the blood, normalize the blood lipid spectrum and reduce the manifestations of insulin resistance; it leads to a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure, which significantly improves the clinical course of the disease and reduces the risk of developing chronic heart failure.


In "To Kill a Mockingbird", Harper Lee depicts quite a few social justice issues which affect a number of people in the novel. The chief justice issue in the novel is racism against black people and the major victim of this injustice is Tom Robinson. Along with Tom, the Ewell family has also been victimized by the people of Maycomb. The whole novel is an exploration of morality and presents the inherent nature of people. Atticus, father of Scout and Jem, is a lawyer by profession. Atticus teaches his children that people have aspects of good and evil but good will always conquer. He tries to defend Tom Robinson but he struggles to change the people's social perspectives, racism and racial equality.


A new method for rapid determination of trace lead by F-AAS was developed .The method is based on the low-temperature drying digestive technique with the auxiliary agent (Mg(NO3)2). The regression equation is A=-1.375×10-3+0.040C Pb(Ⅱ)(C Pb(Ⅱ): μg/ml , γ=0.9993) ,the linear range of the determination is 0.0-0.5μg/ml and the dection limit was 0.15μg/g.This method has been used to rapid determination of trace lead in the samples with the recovery of 89.7%-100.9% and relative standard deviations of 2.7%-3.4%, the result is satisfactory.


Electrochemical characteristics and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of 13Cr stainless steel were investigated by electrochemical measurements, U-bent specimen immersion test and surface analysis technique in an artificial solution with an autoclave, which aimed to simu- late the annulus environment around CO2 injection well. The results showed that annulus solution around injection well was a complicated H2S-CO2-Cl


To compare the efficacy of fentanyl administered via the subcutaneous (s.c.) or intranasal (i.n.) route with intramuscular (i.m.) pethidine in labouring women requesting analgesia.


In this study, cytotoxicity, apoptotic and necrotic effects of Agaricus sylvaticus Schaeff were investigated. The tissue fragments from taken dry basidiocarps were developed by tissue culture method in malt extract agar. Primer and secondary mycelium were obtained by incubation at 27 °C, darkness for 10 days, respectively. Three pellets were taken from the secondary mycelium and its development completed in 7 days at 140 rpm at 27 °C in nutrient broth. The samples were prepared for cytotoxite, apoptotic and necrotic studies by extracting in 80 °C, 70% ethyl alcohol for 1 hour in a soxlet device. In cytotoxicity studies, sample extract concentrations were applied to MCF-7 and L929 fibroblast cells as 0.5 mg / ml, 0.25 mg / ml, 0.125 mg / ml, 0.0625 mg / ml and 0.03125 mg / ml. The WST-1 solution was added and the absorbance was measured in a microplate reader at a wavelength of 440 nm as a result of the incubation. Apoptosis and necrosis were detected in the same cell line as the double staining experiment. Binary staining solution was prepared and MCF-7 and L929 Fibroblast cells were applied at the same concentrations. At the end of the incubation, measurements were done at 20X magnification in a fluorescence microscope with FITC and DAPI filter. Toxite varies depending on concentrations. At dose 0.125mg/ml, in MCF-7 cancer lines showed 5% cytotoxicity. Cell viability was increased in fibroblast cell lines at all different doses given. Low-grade apoptosis and necrosis have been observed.


The reasons causing the increase of losses in public transformers is analyzed. In this paper it is suggested to put the N 1 operating mode of public transformers into practice when those are in light duty and the total power loss of public transformers before and after the N 1 operating mode being applied is calculated. For newly built commercial and residential quarters where the following types of transformers such as SC 500, SC5 630 and SC8 630 are equipped, it is proposed to implement the N 1 operating mode to reduce the power losses when the currents of theses type of transformers are lower than 170A, 150A and 150A respectively.


Education is an important tool for human and national development. It is a key to national development. In any educational system, quality education standards are the goals to which all staff, students and management should aspire to achieve. Over the years, Colleges of education have produced a large number of NCE teachers that teach in our primary and junior secondary schools, thus alleviating the manpower problems of the nation at those levels. The need for quality assurance in Nigerian Colleges of Education cannot be overemphasized in order to ensure quality of teaching and learning. This paper therefore, discusses the origin and evolution of Colleges of Education in Nigeria, Concept of Quality Assurance, and Education Quality Assurance in Colleges of Education, Internal Quality Assurance in Colleges of Education, Internal Quality Assurance processes, benefits of internal Quality Assurance and some challenges facing internal Quality Assurance in Colleges of Education in Nigeria. Based on the discussions, Conclusions and some recommendations were made.


Symbolic dynamics play a central role in the description of the evolution of nonlinear systems. Yet there are few methods for determining symbolic dynamics of chaotic data. One difficulty is that the data contains random fluctuations associated with the experimental process. Using data obtained from a magnetoelastic ribbon experiment we show how a topological approach that allows for experimental error and bounded noise can be used to obtain a description of the dynamics in terms of subshift dynamics on a finite set of symbols.


Electrons can experience superadiabatic heating at a collisionless shock due to the presence of a cross-shock electric potential. This heating can greatly exceed the temperature rise associated with the conservation of the magnetic moment of the electrons as they move into the stronger magnetic field downstream of the shock. The criterion for the onset of superadiabatic heating and the effects of the detailed structure of the shock are investigated for the special case where the magnetic field is perpendicular to the shock normal. A comparison of the natural length scale of the electron orbits and the shock thickness is used to derive a new criterion for the onset of superadiabatic heating. This new heating criterion facilitates an improved understanding of the role of various physical parameters in determining the degree of electron heating. It has the same functional form as the condition for the electron equations of motion to permit exponential divergence of electron orbits (an important feature of dynamical chaos) which it has previously been argued determines the onset of superadiabatic heating. However, we show that the orbits of individual electrons undergoing superadiabatic heating do not diverge significantly because of the very short time they spend within the shock, the only region in which the equations of motion are nonlinear. The techniques used to analyze dynamically chaotic systems are therefore of little assistance in understanding this potentially important process.


TECHNICAL STATEMENT The 3D models, scene composition, lighting, and shading elements for this image were created with the Houdini software package from Side Effects Software. The scene was rendered with Houdini's MANTRA renderer using " radiant, " a pseudo-radiosity shader written by " anonymous " and posted on the OdForce.net web site. The final image was output as a tiff file at a resolution of 4096 x 2048. The hardware used to compose and render the final image was a Dell Precision 340 running the Red Hat Linux operating system. seri_A_G1 26 inches x 15 inches Archival inkjet-1 of 10 limited edition print


The goal of this study was to develop environmental
distribution model of persistent organic pollutants based on
fugacity approach for region of the Czech Republic and to use
it for evaluation of environmental concentrations of PAHs in
air and soil which has been measured in Kosetice locality for
more than 10 years. Air concentrations were used as source data
for steady state model and concentrations in soil were
predicted. Unsteady state version of distribution model was
developed and applied again on measured data. Positive
relationship between observed and predicted soil concentrations
was observed. Results indicate that description of soil
compartment in model is essential for predicting long time
trends in soil concentrations. Result shows the risk of using
simple steady state model as predictive tool for environmental
applications without knowledge of long time trends in soil
concentration changes which are results of local condition
concerning air pollution.


Understanding implicit bias of gradient descent for generalization capability of ReLU networks has been an important research topic in machine learning research. Unfortunately, even for a single ReLU neuron trained with the square loss, it was recently shown impossible to characterize the implicit regularization in terms of a norm of model parameters (Vardi&Shamir, 2021). In order to close the gap toward understanding intriguing generalization behavior of ReLU networks, here we examine the gradient flow dynamics in the parameter space when training single-neuron ReLU networks. Specifically, we discover an implicit bias in terms of support vectors, which plays a key role in why and how ReLU networks generalize well. Moreover, we analyze gradient flows with respect to the magnitude of the norm of initialization, and show that the norm of the learned weight strictly increases through the gradient flow. Lastly, we prove the global convergence of single ReLU neuron for $d = 2$ case.


To solve the existing dilemma between making good range resolution and maintaining the low average transmitted power, the pulse compression technique is used. It is necessary for the pulse compression processing to give low range sidelobes. The traditional pulse compression algorithms based on 13-element Barker code such as direct autocorrelation filter (ACF) has been developed, and the neural network (NN) algorithms were issued recently. However, the traditional algorithms cannot achieve the requirement of high signal-to-sidelobe ratio, and the normal NN such as backpropagation (BP) network usually produces the extra problems of slow speed and sensitive to the Doppler frequency shift. In this paper, a pulse compression technique based NN will be studied. In the following, this approach is applied to real data and practical problems will be considered. (5 pages)


The objective of this paper is to develop a basic polar crane design using two parallel beans. The crane has its displacements described by polar coordinates to adapt itself to the containment building of a nuclear power plant, which have usually cylindrical or spherical format. With aid of SolidWorks, MDSolids and Excel softwares was developed the structural calculation and dimensioning of the main necessary components for the operation of the polar crane, to attend the single failure proof criteria. A simulation was performed on finite elements for validation of the results obtained through the used standards.


Measuring nerve signal response from the balance organs of mammals is a challenging task in a live specimen (in vivo). Using data obtained instead from a set of isolated (in vitro) preparations from mice, and using a similar experimental method to the typical in vivo procedure, we fit model parameters to the in vitro system to investigate its nerve response dynamics. First, a non parametric transfer function is obtained for the system using several preprocessing steps, and then indirect inference is used as an identification tool to fit two model structures described in existing literature. The ability of each structure to fit the experiment data is assessed, and the resultant model fits are compared with typical in vivo models for mice. The results suggest that the vestibular nerve dynamics in vitro are similar to those modelled from in vivo data, particularly for nerve afferents classified as 'irregular' in the literature.


OF THESIS APPLICATION OF THE KALMAN FILTER ON FULL TENSOR GRAVITY DATA AROUND THE VINTON SALT DOME, LOUISIANA Full tensor gravity (FTG) data are known for their high resolution but also for higher noise in its components due to the dynamic nature of the platform used for data acquisition. Although a review of the literature suggests steady increase in the success of gravity gradiometry, we still cannot take advantage of the full potential of the method, mostly because of the noise with the same amplitude and wavenumber characteristics as the signal that affects these data. Smoothing from common low pass filters removes small wavelength features and makes it difficult to detect structural features and other density variations of interest to exploration. In Kalman filtering the components of the FTG are continuously updated to calculate the best estimation of the state. The most important advantage of the Kalman filter is that it can be applied on gravity gradiometry components simultaneously. In addition, one can incorporate constraints. We use the Laplace's equation that is the most meaningful constraint for potential field data to extract signal from noise and improve the detection and continuity of density variations. We apply the Kalman filter on the FTG data acquired by Bell Geospace over the Vinton salt dome in southwest Louisiana.


Abstract Among Fox Talbot's papers, held at the National Museum of Photography, Film and Television (NMPFT) in Bradford, is a handwritten document entitled simply: 'Photographic Society'. It bears no signature and is not dated.1


Sharing is an important indicator of internalised prosocial values. We examined predictors of sharing of 302 preschoolers with their younger siblings in a one-year longitudinal study. Sharing was observed during different home visits, once with father and once with mother. We examined the following predictors: both children's externalising behaviour, observed parental sensitivity, and situational factors. Preschoolers' sharing was stable and increased with age. Preschoolers shared more when sharing was preceded by a structured interaction with a parent compared to free play with an unfamiliar adult. At age 4 they shared more in fathers' presence than in mothers' presence. Neither parental sensitivity nor child behaviour were related to sharing. These findings demonstrate stability and the importance of situational factors in the development of prosocial behaviour.


The aim of this degree work is to evaluate sustainable agroecological zones for banana plantations (Musa paradiseaca) through multicriteria analysis, in Manabi province. The agroecological and biophysical requirements for the plantain crop were identified through scientific literature determining as pending requirement, Texture, Elevation, Temperature, Precipitation and Relative humidity. Satellite data in TIF and Shapefile format of the identified requirements were obtained. The agroclimatic and edaphic maps of the provinces of Manabi determined that the texture in a greater percentage is 55.55% is fine type, 88.80% has temperature ranges of 24 - 69 0C, the average annual rainfall is 1242.62mm, The elevations fluctuate - 24 to 864 masl generating slopes from 0 - 108.029%. The agroecological zoning map focused on three optimal criteria, Moderate and Not determined, 82.26% equivalent to 15489.03 km2 of the territory has moderate conditions, 14, 09% equivalent 2653.91 km2 Optimal zones and only 3.65% equivalent to 686.46 km2 are areas not suitable for the cultivation of pitahaya musa paradisiaca. The referenced control points were considered from zoning made taking 30 random control points for verification through a checklist. It was determined that the first five cantons Flavio Alfaro, El Carmen, Pichincha, Tosagua and Chone comply with the geodopological and geomorphological characteristics of the optimal ranges of banana zoning (Musa Paradiseaca) while the cantons of San Vicente, Bolivar, Junin and Rocafuerte comply with moderate ranges established in the zoning. However, Sucre canton, in the referenced point does not comply with the moderate characteristics as indicated by the map, tending to comply with non-optimal characteristics.


Enormous development of physics in the early 20th century brought about a prospect for Unified Science. However physics itself is now loosing its identity, as seen in a lively study of quantum information. What is happing now is a specification into parts rather than a unification of parts.


Authors revealed the specifics of tools and materials of the traditional Chinese paintings. The existing forms and properties of brushes, analyzes the main types of mascara.


The present study examined the morphological and physio ogical effects of amorphous diatomaceous earth against the stored product pests Sitophilus granarius and Tenebrio molitor. Diatomaceous earth was toxic against adults of S. granarius and T. molitor. Treatment of wheat with Dryacide®, Fossil Shield®, and Silico-Sec® reduced the survival of S. granarius, at dosages of 1 g and 2 g/kg, at corn moisture of 13-14 %, r.h. of 70 ± 2 %, and temperatures of 25 °C. However, highest adult mortality of 98 % was only observed with the high dosage of Fossil Shield® after two weeks. Diatomaceous earth's did not completely prevent hatching of the next generation. After one-day contact to diatomaceous earth, the individuals of S. granarius had a significant lost on weight and reduced their water content respectively. Consequently, the silica dusts dehydrated insects. Comparing scanning electronic microscopic examinations of treated and untreated T. molitor and S. molitor showed that dusts were adhered to the hole integument, but stigmata were not blocked. After application of Fossil Shield® at the cuticle of adults T. molitor no wax layer was detectable. This leads to the conclusion that the effect of the particle is sorptive. Consequently, the primary action of diatomaceous earth is to break the water barrier of the cuticle (the wax layer) with following dehydration of the insect.


This paper presents the Voltage Source Inverter. On this paper it will be discussed its topology, mathematical model, switching states and the characteristic curves of the inverter. Moreover, the authors will analyze the concept of "dead time", aiming to understand how to correctly start a VSI without damaging its components.


Abstract Thermal analysis was applied to determine the liquidus temperatures in the NaCl–KCl–BaCl2–BaO system, with BaO concentration varied from 0 to 6 mole%. The temperature dependence of the BaO solubility in the NaCl–KCl–BaCl2 eutectic melt was investigated; the thermodynamic parameters of BaO dissolution were calculated. The caloric effects of melting of the NaCl–KCl–BaCl2 eutectic with barium oxide and barium oxychloride additions were studied. The type, morphology, and composition of oxychloride ionic groupings in the melt were determined in situ using Raman spectroscopy.


With the method of WAIC-RC and Eysenck, an investigation is conducted on the psychological state of students of 10 types of universities. It shows that teaching methods of stimulating students' thinking exert greater influence on their psychological state and is apt to lead astray in their personality, and that conduct methods are easily accepted and exert little negative psychological influence and the students have a more sound and stable psychology. There fore, the paper comes to the conclusion that attention should be paid to proper adjustment of teaching content with more conduct methods, which play an important role in the development of students' sound psychology.


The collection extent is 1 linear Ft. most of the material are copies of primary sources on the history of Guam.


The photofragmentation of OCS at photon energies of 15–30 eV has been studied by dispersed fluorescence spectroscopy. The primary photon beam was monochromatized undulator radiation supplied from the UVSOR facility. The following emission-band systems have been identified: OCS+[A2ΠΩ(0,0,0) → X2ΠΩ(0,0,v3′′)], CO+(A2ΠΩ → X2Σ+), CS+(B2Σ+ → A2ΠΩ), and CO(d3Δ → a3Π). All of the transitions, except for OCS+[A2ΠΩ → X2ΠΩ], were first observed in the vacuum UV photodissociation of OCS. The fluorescence excitation spectra for the OCS+[A2ΠΩ(0,0,0) → X2ΠΩ(0,0,v3′′)] and CS+(B2Σ+ → A2ΠΩ) transitions were measured in the photon energy range of 15.1–15.75 and 21.8–26 eV, respectively. The emission spectra obtained at 20.85 and 22.9 eV exhibit atomic transitions of S[nd3Do → 4p3Pe (n = 6–9)], which result from the neutral dissociation of superexcited Rydberg states of OCS into S(nd3Do) + CO. Possible excited states of the counterpart CO are discussed on the basis of the difference in the n distribution between the two sp...


Brief exposure of Micrococcus radiodurans cells to 0.02 M spermidine before fixation with osmium tetroxide for electron microscopy led to marked changes in the distribution of DNA within the cell. The altered appearance is consistent with the hypothesis of multiple attachment sites between DNA and the membrane.


Absorption sprctra and measurements and detailed analysis of Er:Tm:Ho:YLF absorption lines at 4 K were carried out. Laser induced fluorescence was utilized to study and modelling of multisite energy transfer dynamics of three different laser crys tals namely , Cr Tm Ho in YAG, Tm Ho:YAG as well as Tm Ho:YLF. Pulsed, free running laser performance of a freon-hooled Er: m:Ho:YLF laser at -10 C and -50 oC at different current densities with maximum laser energies of 1.5 J/pulse and 2.25 J/pulse, respectively were obtained.


In this article, the aim is to explore how a group of 4-year-old children seeks to manage socialrelationships in conflict with an overall institutional context characterized by inclusive ideals. Itfocusses on the children's use of frames and contextualization to control inclusion and exclusionin an activity taking place in the underlife of preschool, where children's activities and relationalwork are not immediately supervised by adults. The children in the activity analyzed continuallyactivate different frames and contexts in order to either become included in the activity or excludesomeone from it. Within this process, all participating children, like frameshifting tricksters, movewithin, outside and between multiple coordinated framings, contexts, and norms in a politicalact of both resisting and (re)establishing the institutional social order. The study builds on videoethnographic fieldwork in a Swedish preschool setting.


Abstract This paper investigates the nutrient contribution from leaf litter in urban waterways, using data from a gross pollutant monitoring programme in a 50 ha catchment in an inner-city suburb of Melbourne, Australia. The data indicate that the potential nutrient contribution of stormwater leaf litter (greater than 5 mm) is about two orders of magnitude smaller than the typical nutrient loads in urban stormwater. The results suggest that removing leaf litter from urban waterways will do little to reduce the total stormwater nutrient load. 1998 Academic Press


Fluctuating asymmetry is hypothesized to predict developmental instability (DI) and fitness outcomes. While published studies largely support this prediction, publication bias remains an issue. Biologists have increasingly turned to meta-analysis to estimate true support for an effect. Van Dongen and Gangestad (VDG it also detects the presence of p-hacking (where researchers exploit researcher "degrees of freedom"), not just publication bias. Alternative selection methods also provide a means to estimate average effect size correcting for publication bias, but may better account for heterogeneity in effect sizes and publication decisions than p-curve. We provide a demonstration by performing p-curve and selection method analyses on the set of effects from VD&G. We estimate an overall effect size range (r = 0.08–0.15) comparable to VD&G, but with notable differences between domains and techniques. Results from alternative estimation methods can provide corroborating evidence for, as well as insights beyond, traditional meta-analytic estimates.


The purpose of this report is to disclose the results of research aimed at finding out whether there is a significant difference in the financial performance of the company before and after the IPO (Initial Public Offering) of companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2015-2019. The population of this research is non-financial companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange with the following criteria: 1) non-financial companies that conducted Initial Public Offering (IPO) in 2018, 2) Availability of financial reports for the two financial years prior to (2015-2016) and two financial years after (2018-2019) conducting an Initial Public Offering (IPO) or financial reports for 2015-2019. The analytical technique method used in this research is a quantitative method through the Non-Parametric Test (Wilcoxon Sign Test). The results showed that there was a significant difference in Current Ratio (CR) between before and after conducting an IPO. There is a significant difference in Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) between before and after conducting an IPO. There is a significant difference in Debt Ratio (DR) between before and after conducting an IPO. There is no significant difference in Net Profit Margin (NPM) between before and after conducting the IPO Keywords: Initial Public Offering, Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio, Net Profit Margin


The effect of home country industrial upgrading by foreign direct investment is a complex and difficult research topics in international economics. This paper integrates the studies of Domestic and foreign scholars who apply economic theory fromdifferent aspects,such as the micro incentives,industry linkage and macro variables transmission for enterprises.


Abstract Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy and acceptability of a regimen using mifepristone and buccal misoprostol with unlimited dosing for second trimester abortion in Armenia. Methods: Women seeking to terminate 13–22 week pregnancies were enrolled in the study. Participants swallowed 200 mg mifepristone in the clinic and were instructed to return to the hospital for induction 24–48 h later. During induction, women were given 400 μg buccal misoprostol every 3 h until the fetus and placenta were expelled. The abortion was considered a success if complete uterine evacuation was achieved without oxytocin or surgery. Results: A total of 120 women with a median gestational age of 18 weeks participated in the study. All women began misoprostol induction around 24 h after taking mifepristone. Complete uterine evacuation was achieved in 119 (99.2%) women. The median induction-to-abortion interval was 10.3 h (range 4–17.4) with a mean of 9.5 ± 2.5 h. A median of four misoprostol doses (range 2–6) with a mean of 4 ± 1 misoprostol doses were administered. The induction-to-abortion interval, number of misoprostol doses, pain score and analgesia use increased as gestational age advanced. Acceptability of the method was high among both patients and providers. Conclusion: The medical abortion regimen of 200 mg mifepristone followed 24 h later by induction with 400 μg buccal misoprostol administered every 3 h, with no limit on the number of doses used for the termination of pregnancies of 13–22 weeks' gestation is an effective and acceptable option for women.


A cartridge (1) for extracting a beverage from a particulate substance (4) contained therein by means of water under pressure, the cartridge comprising: a main body comprising a cup portion (2) and a lid portion (3), the cup portion (2) comprising a base (7), a sidewall (8) and a rim (9a) opposed to the base (7), the lid portion (3) being fixedly attached to the rim (9a) of the cup portion so as to define an internal volume of the cartridge, the internal volume of the cartridge housing the particulate substance (4) comprised within filtering means (5a,5b) for retaining the particulate substance (4) and for percolating fluid substances therethrough, the lid portion (3) comprising a lid port (6b) defining a first passage for percolation fluid substances, the base (7) of the cup portion (2) comprising a cup port (6a) defining a second passage for percolation fluid substances, characterized in. that the base comprises a plurality of ridges (101a) directly formed thereon and protruding towards the internal volume of the cartridge (1), so as to support the filtering means (5a) and the particulate substance (4) and to define a fine canalization between the filtering means (5a) and the cup port (6a).


In order to increase the flexibility of control for Video Monitoring System, a new control method for Video Monitoring System based on FPGA is proposed in this paper. This paper mainly introduced the image acquisition and display function for interface control module. The module of the system was realized with VHDL language. The simulate results show that logic in FPGA is consistent with the requirements. The module based on FPGA can be modified just by modifying software, not the hardware.


This study investigates the effects of process parameters in the production of high density polyethylene-grass composite; the process parameters and their interaction on the mechanical properties of the produced high density polyethylene-grass composite were investigated using split-split plot design. The results of the calculated Fisher's Ratio (F cal ) at significant value of 0.05 for the process parameters such as percentage by volume of material, barrel temperature, material type and their interactions ranges from -80.11 to 29.95, and were presented on ANOVA Table. The results obtained shows that these process parameters contribute significantly to the production of high density polyethylene-grass composite in polymeric industries. Keywords : High density polyethylene-Grass composite, mechanical properties, Process parameters, Split-Split Plot Design


Abstract The impetus to pursue the study of ocular motility in sleeping adults was derived from a previous study conducted by the author on infants. He noted through visual observation alone that there was an approximate twenty minute interlude of complete ocular quiescence during each hour of sleep. This period of quiescence was termed 'No Eye Movement Period' or 'N.E.M. Period', and it was the intent of the author to ascertain what effect age would have on the distribution of N.E.M. periods during sleep. In the latter part of 1951, the first continuous all‐night recording of ocular motility in sleep using a combined EEG and EOG technique was conducted on the author's eight year old son. Instead of N.E.M. Periods, what he found were approximately twenty minute periods of vigorous ocular activity including saccadic‐like eye movements. Although he ultimately termed these epochs as 'REM Periods', his initial intent was to name them 'Jerky Eye Movement Periods' or 'JEM Periods'. Ironically, some three decade...


ILDs are a heterogeneous group of parenchymal lung disorders, which are classified together because they present similar clinical, radiological, physiopathological and anatomopathological characteristics.1 The etiology of the ILD is varied, with more than 150 known causes, but only about in 35% of the cases a causative agent can be identified.2 Clinically ILDs are generally characterized by dry cough, dyspnea, fine crackles at auscultation and oxygen desaturation during exercise.3 As a consequence, patients suffering from this disease tend to be sedentary with functional limitation and deterioration of quality of life. Formerly, limiting the exercise in these patients was recommended.4 However, currently available evidence suggests that respiratory rehabilitation (RR) can be an effective and safe treatment.5 Sometimes, these diseases are rarely talked about considering that they have a lower prevalence compared to asthma and COPD. Of all the ILD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common, its incidence is not certainly known, but several studies have suggested figures between 6.8 and 16.3 per 100,000 inhabitants. The prevalence is also not known with certainty and truthfully, there is not reliable data in our country, but a recent US study proposes a figure between 14 and 42.7 per 100,000 inhabitants depending on whether strict or broader diagnostic criteria are used.6 The IPF is progressive and unfortunately does not have an effective drug therapy and has a worse average survival rate than many cancers, which is estimated to be 3 to 5 years after diagnosis.7 The quality of life of these patients is chaotic, slowly reducing their functionality; many end using home oxygen and eventually die of respiratory failure.8 Due to the poor prognosis for this disease patients often end up terminally ill.9 Nevertheless, it is known that ILDs other than IPF or UIP pattern generally have a good prognosis, and if early diagnosis and treatment are obtained, their condition could improve.10,11 Thus, we think that it is extremely necessary to implement non-pharmacological measures in these patients, such as supervised aerobic physical activity through a RRP.12,13 The evidence based medicine has shown positive results in terms of quality of life, dyspnea, and exercise capacity of patients who have undergone a RRP.14–17 The objective of this study is to demonstrate the effects of a respiratory rehabilitation program designed in primary care based on education, training of peripheral and respiratory musculature, respiratory physiotherapy and functional activities in a group of patients with ILD. Our research question is: Are there significant changes in the 6MWT, FVC, DLCO, initial oxygen saturation, final oxygen saturation, oxygen desaturation, dyspnea, MIP and quality of life of the patients with ILD after completing a respiratory rehabilitation program in primary care?.


A 42-year-old woman with irregular uterine contractions and a history of two prior cesarean sections was admitted. At 35 weeks of gestation, preterm labor with vaginal bleeding led to a cesarean section. During placenta removal it was revealed to be a percreta and uncontrollable massive bleeding ensued. Intraoperative resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) was performed, which has been used as a resuscitative adjunct for trauma patients with noncompressible torso hemorrhage and a hysterectomy was successfully completed. Gauze packing for temporary abdominal closure and angio-embolization were performed to further control bleeding. The packed gauze was removed 2 days later and the patient recovered uneventfully. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in South Korean literature of the successful application of a REBOA as a salvage treatment for hemorrhage control, and REBOA could be a life-saving procedure for patients with peripartum hemorrhaging.


This study aims to explain some material descriptions of fiqh siyasah covering four things, namely an explanation of the theory of fiqh siyasah in madrasas and schools, factors of fiqh siyasah, the urgency of fiqh siyasah in madrasas and schools and implementation of fiqh siyasah in madras and schools. Therefore, this study explores the theory of fiqh siyasah in madras and schools. The author describes the concept of fiqh siyasah in science, which discusses matters for the affairs of the State. The people of various forms of regulations, laws, and policies. That have been made by leaders who agree with or are in line with the basic teachings of the Sharia in order to realize the benefit of the people. In its implementation, the concept of fiqh can be seen in madrasas so that a comprehensive level of inculcating these fiqh values can be achieved. Therefore, this is very important to be taught to average students. If at the previous school level, students were only required to be able to understand the existing doctrines in fiqh. According to one or more schools, then in this madrasas an understanding of a difference of opinion or view in the prediction of fiqh learning is given. In addition, students must also be able to implement the science of fiqh. In everyday life so that, this becomes a form so that the goals of Islamic education are achieved.


The hydraulic line is the essential element in the hydraulic exploration drill. Therefore, how to choose the appropriate inner diameter of pipe and make the system in the best working condition with large flow velocity can be, is not to be overlooked in the process of system design. Optimization design method provides a good way for us to solve this problem. This paper suction pipeline of the hydraulic system optimization design, using multiple objective function optimization method of goal programming method, the final optimal pipe diameter and flow velocity have been determined.


The full sequences of the genes encoding H+-ATPase of Streptococcus bovis and Ruminococcus albus were determined by the inverse PCR. The atp operon of S. bovis was approximately 6.5kbp and consisted of atp E (c-subunit), B (a), F (b), H (δ), A (α), G (γ), D (β), and C (e) in this order. The subunit order of atp E and B was reversed in S. bovis, when compared to the arrangement in R. albus and many other bacteria. In R. albus, two open reading frames (ORF), which potentially encode 13.7 and 14.9kDa proteins, were found in the area upstream of atp B. This area corresponds to the region of atp I (inhibitor protein) in Escherichia coli. There was no ORF that potentially encodes atp I in S. bovis. The δ-subunit signature found in many bacteria was not present in S. bovis, whereas the γ-subunit signature was not found in R. albus. The absence of the γ-subunit signature may partly explain that the H+-ATPase of R. albus is less stable and active than that of S. bovis, since this motif sequence is considered to be important for catalytic activity and the assembly of subunits. There were many differences between S. bovis and R. albus in deduced amino acid sequences of both structural and regulatory regions, but it is difficult to explain at present how the differences affect the function of H+-ATPase, or the regulation of the synthesis of the enzyme.


Having arisen from the industry, cloud computing is receiving increasing attention from the academy. We are witnessing an increasing number of papers dedicated to experience reports and proposal of methods, processes and tools focused on cloud-related technology. Researchers are also attempting to identify and formalize the main concepts behind cloud computing, forming a basis for future investigations about how this approach can be used to promote advances in many fields of computer science. However, while the main research challenges and opportunities related to cloud computing in general are already well-known, in the software engineering area the scenario is less clear. In this paper, we present the results of a systematic literature review where we tried to understand how researchers from the software engineering field are viewing the cloud computing paradigm. We identified ten software engineering research opportunities focused specifically on cloud computing, which are presented and discussed in terms of related work. We also present a discussion on some practical issues related to the development of software for the cloud, trying to make some obscure points clearer and aiming to facilitate the work of software engineering researchers and practitioners.


social crisis has affected all sectors of society and spending for cultural activities has been significantly cut. Although there have been museum closures and funds for research or even day-to-day needs are in short supply, nevertheless, very serious and creative work is being produced quietly, often with the aid of European Union co-funded projects, through the so-called Εθνικό Στρατηγικό Πλαίσιο Αναφοράς (ΕΣΠΑ), or National Strategic Reference Framework. The schedule and deadlines for such projects are very tight and working conditions challenging, but the results have often been exceptional in quality, revealing hard work, effective management of people of various specialisms and scholarly expertise. The period 2015–2016 has seen the opening of many new major museums, the result of many years of planning and hard work, and the organization of temporary exhibitions, through which the finds of the last decade have become accessible to the wider public. In this feature I concentrate on a brief presentation of the new museums that have opened this past year, news that will interest not only students and academics, but also other visitors to Greece. Colleagues in the various relevant ephorates of antiquities have been very generous in providing information, and so I have decided to leave their texts largely unchanged. I begin with a brief presentation of new museums, before moving on to discuss temporary exhibitions and a few key archaeological sites.


Holographic display is known as the most realistic 3D display by creating real 3D image in front of observer. But there are tremendous technical hurdles in realizing electronic hologram. It is required to achieve very small pixel pitch SLM (spatial light modulator) for realizing electronic hologram using flat panel display. All the components of the unit pixel should be carefully redesigned and improved to maintaining same performance in spite of reduction of pixel pitch. The size of hologram image depends on the size of SLM. Therefore, the resolution of the SLM increases very fast as the reduction of pixel pitch in SLM. The driver chip and architecture should be developed to manage the large number of pixels with high speed. Novel unit pixel design for achieving 1μm pixel pitch will be presented. VST (vertically stacked transistor) structure will be introduced. In VST structure, the driving TFT is stacked on the data line. VST structure has the merits for reducing horizontal pixel pitch without introducing expensive high-definition lithography tool. The technology compatible with 0.5μm critical dimension can be used for fabrication of 1μm pixel pitch SLM. Alternative structure for achieving small pitch pixel is the adopting VTFT (vertical channel thin film transistor). VTFT means that the channel direction is vertical to SLM plane. The footprint of VTFT is very small, for required area is only the overlap region of active layer and source/drain layer. Cross-talk between adjacent pixels can interfere the rotation of LC molecule. This phenomenon will be very critical for accurate phase modulation for 1μm pixel pitch SLM. Novel concept for reducing cross-talk will be also presented with experimental results.


Disclosed is an LED lighting device and length of life verification method thereof. Arranged within an LED lamp are a controller (4), a timekeeping chip (5) and a low-voltage DC power supply (6) for supplying power, the controller (4) being connected to a display terminal (7) by direct or indirect means. The timekeeping chip (5) records the work time of the LED lighting device in real time, and transmits the work time data to the display terminal (7) for display; at the same time, a light sensor (8) obtaining luminance data is arranged in the light-emitting area to measure the lumen maintenance factor in real time. When the measured lumen maintenance factor is lower than a preset service life lumen maintenance factor threshold value, the work time recorded by the LED lighting device is the length of life of said LED lighting device.


A normal human plasma protein called the P-component, which has a reaction of identity with the pentagonal structure found in amyloid-laden organs, has been isolated and identified with a recently characterized protein, the 9.5S alpha(1)-glycoprotein.


Choosing the best bank to obtain a loan from has become a dilemma for many loan applicants; Thus the need to automate the process throughout establishing an intelligent decision support system (IDSS) to facilitate applicant's decision-making process. However, there are many types of IDSS to design the system but we have found that the fuzzy logic is more suitable. Despite the fact that Fuzzy structure has strong inference system, it has no learning ability. In the contrary, neural network (NN) has a powerful learning ability. The Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) merges these two desired features in its own structure. Therefore, using the ANFIS to determine the best loan package was proven in this paper to define the suitable bank.


Resistive Crossbar (Xbar) Array based Compute-in-Memory (CiM) accelerators form an attractive hardware substrate for acceleration of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) on edge devices. They perform highly efficient Matrix Vector Multiplication (MVM) operation, employing the power of analog compute. However, efficiency gains with CiM accelerators are limited due to the overhead posed by peripheral circuits, primarily the Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs). In this work, we improve efficiency of CiM accelerators by developing ADC-Less and near ADC-Less CiM accelerators which either eliminate or minimize the ADC overhead. More specifically, we leverage partial-sum quantization to reduce ADC precision to binary (1-bit) or ternary (1.5-bit) values. Xbars with binary partial sums require a sense amplifier for analog-to-digital conversion leading to ADC-Less design. Xbars with ternary partial-sums require two comparators for the conversion process leading to a near ADC-Less design. We develop a CiM hardware aware DNN quantization methodology to mitigate accuracy degradation with partial-sum quantization. We show the effectiveness of our training methodology by achieving high accuracies and minimal accuracy degradation on CIFAR-10 and Imagenet datasets. Consequently, we achieve 14x, 178x and 131x improvements over baseline (8-bit ADC) in Energy, Latency and Compute Efficiency (TOPS/mm2), respectively on Resnet-20 (CIFAR-10) with ADC-Less design and 11x, 55x and 36x improvements over baseline (8-bit ADC) in Energy, Latency and TOPS/mm2, respectively on Resnet-18 (ImageNet) with Near ADC-Less design.


While the availability of grafts of free skin of full thickness from the eyelid for repairs about the orbital region is generally recognized, it is possible that their suitability for certain repairs and corrections beyond that area is not so well known. The fact that in a series of forty-eight such operations forty-six were immediately successful suggests the desirability of inviting attention to the advantages of the method. The prime recommendation of the graft from the eyelid, as compared with other grafts of full thickness, is the assurance that it will "take," a merit it possesses in exceptional degree. A second advantage is that the skin of the lid, if normal in color, matches the skin of the face better than that brought from a distance. Third, the reorganization after healing is so complete that after a few weeks the borders of approximation actually cannot be identified, either at


This research tries to show kind of cultural adjustment faced by students who go to China especially English Language Education Department students. In hence, those people or students will have a good preparation before going to China.

Furthermore, this research focused on exchange students of English Language Education Department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang in Indonesia to Tongren University in China. It analysed the cultural adjustment problems and the strategies to solve those problems during the program. The aim of this study was to map and crosscheck the empirical problems with the wider subjects of exchange students to Tongren and describe their solutions for those problems.

In addition, qualitative research design was applied as research approach. The subjects of this study were five English Language Education Department exchange students of University of Muhammadiyah Malang to Tongren with consideration that they originate from different regions in their home country. Furthermore, this study was using interview guide and document analysis. Interview guide was taken by using semi structured interview and document analysis used social media analysis.

The result of the analysis found that the English Language Education Department exchange students of University of Muhammadiyah Malang experienced five cultural adjustments; they were food, weather, language, social life, and education system. The ways of the exchange students to solve the problem were cooking by themselves, buying a jacket, going out with their Chinese friends, and trying to shape their mind to be discipline. At the end, they tried hard to adjust to a new atmosphere where there were many differences between the host and home country.


A mechanics model is developed for the contact radius of stamps with pyramid tips in transfer printing. This is important to the realization of reversible control of adhesion, which has many important applications, such as climbing robots, medical tapes, and transfer printing of electronics. The contact radius is shown to scale linearly with the work of adhesion between the stamp and the contacting surface, and inversely with the plane-strain modulus of the stamp. It also depends on the cone angle and tip radius of the stamp, but is essentially independent of details of the tip geometry.


In Rhapsody Σ (book18) of Iliad, Homer describes the construction of Achilles' shield by the god of technology, Hephaestus. This shield is the symbol of Achilles, the central hero of the Homeric epic. At the same time, the shield constitutes a whole, even wider than the epic itself. It sums up, in a poetic and descriptive way, the total knowledge of the Homeric era. The shield itself is a model of the whole world, natural and human. It is a model of the physical world's structure, a model of the universe, which had a deep influence on the natural perception of the presocratic philosophers - of Anaximander, Anaxagoras, Empedocles, and later on, of Plato and Aristotle. Moreover, it is a model of the social structure of the Greek city, which also had an effect on the classical philosophers. At the same time, the shield constitutes an introduction to the Platonic philosophical method of dichotomy and to the Aristotelian digital analysis of the world into categories. In this way, Homer paves the way to the following science and technology.


The relation between instantaneous active/reactive powers and currents is defined by voltage mapping matrix in three-phase four-wire systems. Control strategies for an active filter without energy storage components are proposed on the basis of mapping matrices. It can compensate for the zero-sequence voltage exists in a three-phase four-wire system.


The policy of "one principle, two guidelines " for women and children's hygiene work has beenproposed. The working objectives are to be achieved including decreasing the death rates of puerpera andinfants, increasing the rates of giving birth to babies in hospital, etc.


Lawrence L. Wu is professor and chair, and Jui-Chung Allen LI is a Ph.D. candidate, In the Department of Sociology at New York University. E-mail: email@example.com A remarkable design aspect of the Na tional Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79) is the availability of lon gitudinal data on all children born to women in the original NLSY79 sample. The resulting data from the Children of the NLSY79 provide a re source that is unique in many respects. Per haps not surprisingly, these data have been used by researchers across a wide range of dis ciplines, including child development, demog raphy, economics, epidemiology, family stud ies, social policy, and sociology. Much of the usefulness of these data stem from two key fac tors: they can be linked to the rich longitudi nal data for the NLSY79 mothers, and the child and young adult surveys are themselves lon gitudinal, covering a wide range of ages from early childhood and adolescence through the young adult years.


Studying the problem of induction motor control system optimization.The system requires stability and robustness.The speed regulator and the current regulator of traditional vector control use PI controller,and the speed responses often overshoot in the control process.In order to solve these problems,we proposed a design method of speed controller in the induction motor vector control for the purpose of suppressing speed response overshoot in induction motor vector control and enhancing immunity.The induction motor used field oriented vector control to achieve decoupling,and used double loop control method of the speed loop and the current loop.According to the principle of internal model control,we designed a speed regulator to replace the conventional PI regulator,which successfully resoluted the effects of speed overshoot and load disturbance on the motor speed.Simulation results show that the method can improve response characteristics and is the reference to the design of optimize.


The cold-work tool steels T10A and GCr15 have been studied with regard to the influence of austenitization temperature, tempering temperature and the residual stress on the crack propagation rate and the critical crack length. The kinds of fracture morphology have been studied too. The crack propagation rate is dependent strongly on the austenitization temperature, the tempering temperature and the surface compressional residual stress in specimens.


This paper examines beach plastics in a pie chart by proportionality using previous studies that developed characterisation techniques. These techniques include inferring industrial sources of plastic pollution. This paper combines these methods with a comparison of industry patent statistical proportion for geographical origin inference.


A new prototype supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) apparatus has been developed for the on-site preparation of solid matrix samples for subsequent organic analysis. The apparatus consists of two parts, each of which satisfy weight and size requirements for portability. They are a generator module that supplies high-pressure carbon dioxide (the source of which is dry ice) and a briefcase containing a pressure regulator, extraction cells, valves for flow control, flow restriction hardware, equipment for sample collection, temperature control devices, and ancillary supplies. The generator module provides carbon dioxide at pressures to 1 kbar ({approximately}14,500 psi), incorporates no moving parts, and allows rapid loading without tools due to novel fingertight closures. Samples are contained in sintered inserts that fit inside three extraction cells that also have rapid, fingertight closures. Analyte collection can be accomplished using liquid solvent or restrictorless rapid depressurization techniques. Control schemes allow operation at a wide variety of pressures and temperatures and the use of static, dynamic, or hybrid static/dynamic extraction strategies. The technical performance of the prototype apparatus was evaluated by comparison of results from the SFE of a soil sample spiked with six to nine organic compounds of environmental interest to Soxhlet extraction.


In today`s society, the opportunities to interact with nature are diminishing with the further expansion of cities and concrete jungles. As a result, Horticultural Therapy which involves patient treatment through plants, has become popular due to people`s desire to return to nature and the Well Being trend. With the growing popularity, studies on the emotional, social, and physical effects of Horticultural Therapy have been conducted and are on-going. The essential construct of Horticultural Therapy includes the client, therapist, activity of the plants, and assesment. Furthermore, in order for Horticultural Therapy to be a successful mechanism, all three of the following are needed - interaction, action, and reaction (Relf, 1981). Matterson in his paper, "A Graphic Definintion of the Horticultural Therapy Model" (1982) explains the Horticultural Therapy process as a circle. In his study the client, plant, and horticultural therapist are placed as moving points on the circumference of the circle. In addition he states that there are five possible moves that the client can take. (1) Plant Positive (2) Horticultural Therapist Positive (3) Plant and Horticultural Therapist Positive (4) Plant and Horticultural Therapist Negative (5) No Response This paper will suggest however, that in addition to these five there are two other possibilities that may occur during the treatment patient process. (6) Plant Negative but Horticultural Therapist Positive (7) Plant Positive but Horticultural Therapist Negative Utilizing Dr. Mattson`s Graphic Model-Circle Model as a basis, this paper examines what type of Horticultural Therapy effect might appears when a Plant positive, Horticultural Therapist negative or Plant Negative but Horticultural Therapist positive, reaction occurs. Further research will be conducted to see if these two additional outcomes were a result of other studies on Horticultural Therapy. If no outcomes of this type are to be found, then utilizing the Helix model, further study will be conducted.


To minimize resource consumption and maximize performance, computer architecture research has been investigating approaches that may compute inaccurate solutions. Such hardware inaccuracies may induce a wide variety of program behaviors which are not observed when the program executes on reliable hardware. Future programmers will need to reason about these different behaviors in order to achieve efficient resource utilization without compromising on error resilience. To ensure resilience, critical computations need to be protected from the potentially fatal effects of hardware faults. On the other hand, to exploit the resource-accuracy trade-offs, certain computations need to be approximated to a tolerable extent. Effective techniques that provide insights into inaccuracy-induced changes in application behavior are required to achieve these competing objectives. In this thesis, we propose dynamic and symbolic program analysis techniques to profile the inherent resilience of applications. At their core, both approaches analyze the effect of a targeted injection of an inaccuracy on the behavior of an application in comparison with the pristine execution. In the dynamic-analysis-based approach, the comparison is performed by a tool that injects runtime inaccuracies into an application. The tool probabilistically injects faults, with bit-level granularity, so as to simulate execution in an environment that is prone to single or multibit faults. We provide the results of a comparative study of sorting algorithm resilience using this approach. In our second approach, we provide a symbolic control flow differencing technique to reason about control flow behavior of applications that are subject to inaccuracies. Particularly, we define a precise symbolic encoding of control flow equivalence using uninterpreted functions. We also provide an evaluation of a prototype implementation on several benchmarks, showing promising results. Dedicated to my Parents and Teachers


Polyelectrolytes under confinement are crucial for energy storage and for understanding biomolecular functions. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we analyze a polyelectrolyte solution confined between two oppositely charged planar dielectric surfaces and include surface polarization effects due to dielectric mismatch at the two electrodes. Although the effect of polarization on the charge distribution seems minor, we find that surface polarization enhances energy storage and also leads to the emergence of negative differential capacitance in confined polyelectrolyte solutions.


The invention relates to a city supermarket information publishing system, which comprises a plurality of supermarket information collection subsystems, a plurality of information receiving terminals and a city supermarket information management subsystem, wherein the supermarket information collection subsystems are respectively positioned in different city supermarkets, and are used for collecting the crowding degree and the average number of queuing persons of the corresponding city supermarket, the city supermarket information management subsystem is respectively in wireless connection with the supermarket information collection subsystems to receive and manage the crowding degree and the average number of queuing persons of each city supermarket, and each information receiving terminal is in wireless connection with the city supermarket information management subsystem, so as to obtain the target city supermarkets according to the management results. The city supermarket information publishing system has the advantage that the nearby city supermarket with fewer persons and proper shopping environment is timely provided for users using the information receiving terminals, so the selection time and queuing time of the users are shortened, and the daily shopping of the users is convenient.


Graft terpolymers of starch, 2-propenamide, and sodium 2-methyl-3-imino-4-oxohex-5-ene-1-sulfonate can be made by cerium-IV-initiated, free-radical polymerization of an aqueous monomer mixture on starch. Synthesis is conducted on aqueous, gelled, lintnerized potato starch at 30°C under a nitrogen atmosphere. Yields range from 50 to 100 wt % and products contain 9–52 wt % starch, 1–51 wt % 1-acidoethylene, and 18–65 wt % sodium 1-(2-methylprop-2N-yl-1-sulfonate)amidoethylene. Repeat unit ratios in the reaction product approximate monomer ratios in the reaction mixture. Fraction of starch grafted in a reaction decreases as the mole fraction of sulfonated monomer in the reaction mixture increases. No proof has been found for grafting of synthetic side chains to starch in monomer mixtures containing only sulfonated monomer. Starch graft copolymers with side chains composed of 1-amidoethylene units and a sulfonated 1-amidoethylene unit derivative, 1-(sodium[2-methylprop-2N-yl-1-sulfonate])amidoethylene, are water-soluble, thickening agents. The rheology of solutions of these copolymers is a function of the ratio of nonsulfonated to sulfonated repeat units in the synthetic chains of the molecule. Aqueous solutions of these products are shear thinning and have power law exponents which decrease 1) with increasing product concentration or 2) as the nonsulfonated to sulfonated repeat unit ratio moves toward 3/1. Limiting viscosity number of product in water decreases with increasing shear rate of measurement or with increasing salt concentration of the solvent. Formulas are derived from the theories of Kirkwood and Flory which show that for copolymers with constant molecular weight, expansion coefficient, and limiting viscosity number increase as the fraction of sulfonate-containing repeat units in the chain increase. This theoretical requirement and the limiting viscosity data for groups of samples prepared under identical synthesis conditions are used to show that molecular weight of the graft copolymer decreases as the fraction of sulfonated repeat units in the copolymer increases. Screen factor measurements show product solutions to be viscoelastic.


The advancement of a systematic inve stigation on the modeling of cylindr ical alkaline cells is presented.Initial analysis utiliz es thermodynamic and kinetic inform ation to predict alkaline cell perfo rmance under low discharge rates.Subsequent modeling has taken into considera tion detailed information on the chemistry of electrode reactions,m ass transport of dissolved species,physical and chemical properties of the electrolyte and solid phases,and in ternal geometry of cell systems.The model is capable of predicting al-kaline cell performance under a variety of discharge conditions.The mod el also provides information re-garding internal cell changes durin g discharge.The model is the basis of a rational approach for optimal design of cells.


When an image is transmitted over a long distance by an image fiber in which a great number of homogeneous fibers is bundled, cross-talk (mode coupling) is easily introduced and the resolution is decreased by blurring. In this paper, an exact numerical analysis of the transmission characteristics (cross-talk characteristics) of one-dimensional image fiber, constructed by arranging a finite number of homogeneous dielectric slabs at equal spacing, is carried out by means of wave-optics for the strong coupling as well as the weak coupling case. The main conclusions drawn from this research are:

(1) The weak coupling approximation theory on the cross-talk characteristics of the image fiber is applicable to the case, which is usually considered as strong coupling.

(2) When N element fibers are bundled in an image fiber, the mode generation is removed and each mode of single fiber separates into N different modes, some of which, if coupling is too strong, may turn into leaky modes.

(3) The girth of the image fiber has an effect similar to that of a perfect conductor.

(4) If the mode coupling in an image fiber is used deliberately, the structure can be used as a spatial image processing element such as planar lens, spatial filter, etc.


This is a kind of cable duct formed from a son lattice having longitudinal son (11) and transverse son (12), the assembly, overall, in the manner of a chute, a bottom (13) and side wings (14). According to the invention, at least one longitudinal son (11) other than the longitudinal son (11) side of the lateral wings (14 ) has a different cross section from that of other son, and in practice a diameter smaller than that thereof. Application to the relief, for equal mechanical strength of a cable tray son .


The fluid and crystallized intelligence theory: beginnings and development. The goal of this study is to present the development of the fluid and crystallized intelligence theory. The conception of these two broad abilities, named Fluid and Crystallized Intelligence factors, or Gf-Gc, is discussed as capable of conciliating conceptions as those proposed by Spearman, Thornike and Thurstone. Initially a dichotomous representation of intelligence, the Gf-Gc model was modified since the 1960's and the most recent version is named Cattell-Horn-Carroll theory of cognitive abilities. It is concluded that this model will facilitate and improve the understanding of intelligence not as an unique and immutable capacity, but composed by multiple and modifiable capacities.


The problem of global stabilization of the circular orbit spacecraft rendezvous system subject to actuator saturation is studied in this brief. Based on the linearized Clohessy–Wiltshire equations, a class of saturated linear state feedback controllers is designed by utilizing Lyapunov functions that are frequently used in the absolute stability theory. The global stability of the closed-loop system with the proposed saturated linear feedback is proved by providing explicit conditions on the parameters in the feedback gains. Optimal linear feedback gains are also discussed. The most significant advantages of the proposed controllers are that the controllers are linear and the global stability of the resulting closed-loop system can be guaranteed. Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.


Wave equation reflection traveltime inversion (WRTI) is a fundamental method for interrogating the deep subsurface macro-velocity model. The time-domain WRTI calculates the gradient through the cross-correlation of the source background and receiver scattered wavefields, and the cross-correlation of the source scattered and receiver background wavefields. During backward propagation of the adjoint source, access to the source background and scattered snapshots of the entire propagation time is required. Because the source and receiver wavefields are extrapolated in opposite temporal directions, these source background and scattered wavefields are either stored in memory or reconstructed by additional wavefield extrapolation. This leads to a heavy memory burden and/or high computational cost. To address these challenges, we develop a new frequency-domain WRTI that is based on a mono frequency. By using the wavenumber coverage and gradient analyses, we prove that the monochromatic WRTI can produce comparable wavenumbers with time-domain and multifrequency-based WRTI. The proposed method directly stores monochromatic wavefields in memory since only one frequency is used for the gradient calculation. Therefore, the proposed method significantly outperforms the conventional time-domain implementation in terms of memory requirement and computational cost. The accuracy of the monochromatic WRTI method is validated by gradient and result comparisons of several models with different complexities. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by applying it to offshore streamer data.


Three usual interpolation methods such as Kriging,modified quadratic shepard(MQS) and radial basis function(RBF) are compared and analyzed in marine gravity anomaly.It shows that the MQS method is the fastest and most accurate,and the RBF method is also good in precision except some abnormity on the edge area,but the calculation speed is the slowest.The Kriging method is not so good in precision as the other two,but faster than the RBF.In addition,two modified ideas to the MQS and RBF are brought out based on the characteristic that the interpolation error has large pertinency with the gravity anomaly and RBF errors just appear in the edge area.Test result shows that the modified methods are effective.


In this paper a study of a Superplastic Formed/Diffusion Bonded(SPF/DB) aircraft wing section under working load is presented. Such structuresoperate under cycle load, therefore fatigue has to be considered. The presence ofcracks has to be included since damages can occur either in production or during theoperating life. The damaged structure is then considered and the stress intensity fac-tors are evaluated for cracks of different sizes. Considering a load cycle which spanfrom 0 to maximum load, the relationships between the stress intensity factor and thecriteria for fatigue-life prediction and crack growth directions is soon derived. Theaim of this work is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the boundary element methodto investigate behaviour of cracks in complex large scale structures in presence ofdamages.


Soil and water conservation protective cultivation is an advanced cultivation technology that avoid cultivation or few cultivation on farmland and with stubble cover.Protective cultivation technology is an integration technology that use stubble cover,no-tillage cultivation,deep-plough with machine,and weeding with chemistry.Adopting soil and water conservation protective cultivation can reduce the loss of soil and water in northeast blackland area and improve the soil anti-erodibility.It has great significance for protecting blackland,improving ecological environment,and establishing ecological province.


This paper introduces the performance evaluation index system of arch engine, and evaluates the performances of three common search engines of Google, Yahoo and Baidu with AHP.


The results of this study confirm that low lead (0.01%) but not high lead (0.5%) administration results in increased blood pressure in rats treated for up to 12 months. This effect appeared to be related to an imbalance of endothelially-derived vasoconstrictor and vasodilator compounds in low lead-treated animals but not in high lead-treated animals. In low lead-treated rats, measurement of plasma endothelins 1 and 3 (ET-1 and ET-3) revealed that ET-3 concentration increased significantly after both 3 months (Experimental, 92.1 +/- 9.7 v Control, 46.7 +/- 12.0 pmol/mL; P < .001) and 12 months (Experimental, 105.0 +/- 9.3 v Control, 94.1 +/- 5.0 pmol/mL; P < .01) while ET-1 was unaffected. Plasma and urinary cGMP concentrations (as a reflection of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF)) decreased significantly at 3 months (plasma, Experimental, 1.8 +/- 0.9 v Control, 4.2 +/- 1.6 pmol/mL; P < .001) and 12 months (plasma, Experimental, 2.2 +/- 0.7 v Control, 4.2 +/- 0.9 pmol/mL; P < .001). Thus, the path to development of hypertension in low lead rats may be through an increase in the concentration of the vasoconstrictor hormone, ET-3, and a decrease in the vasodilator hormone, EDRF. High levels of lead exposure did not result in hypertension, perhaps because plasma concentrations of ET-1, ET-3 and cGMP were unaltered at 3 months, while ET-1, ET-3 and cGMP concentrations were coordinately and significantly decreased at 12 months.


The article describes the issues of information support activities of transport and logistics companies in connection with the peculiarities of their functioning. The analysis of the major databases characterizing the state of the external and internal environments of transport and logistics companies, which allowed to formulate the problems and trends of development of information security. Examples of public information databases and their impact on the performance of the transport and logistics companies. The study will serve as a basis for the development of recommendations to improve the quality of information support of the activities of transport and logistics companies.


This work presents a novel robust control design approach for missile longitudinal autopilot under multiple disturbances and uncertainties. The uncertainties and disturbances of the missile dynamics are treated as a lumped disturbance based on the concept of equivalent input disturbance. Then a generalized extended state observer is employed to estimate the system states and the equivalent input disturbance in an integrated manner. These estimates are used to construct the state-feedback controller as well as to attenuate the effect of the exogenous disturbances and endogenous uncertainties. The state-feedback controller is obtained by solving the linear matrix inequalities of mixed H 2 / H ∞ control problem, which provides an impressive flexibility to tune the controller to compromise between H 2 performance and H ∞ performance. Closed-loop stability of the system under the presented controller-observer structure is also established. The proposed design tactfully circumvents the engineering implementation problems encountered by mixed H 2 / H ∞ control, achieves strong robustness against disturbances and uncertainties, and does not involve any complicated nonlinear control methodologies. Numerical simulation results of nominal and perturbed performance comparisons with classic methods sufficiently demonstrate the feasibility and robustness of the proposed method.


The implementation of radio frequency identification (RFID) in the manufacturing industries specifically the production lines has enabled the creation of fully automated monitoring and tracking system. An investigation on the effects of various speeds and placements of product on a conveyor using statistical analysis is introduced in this paper. The experiment was conducted at the Auto-ID Laboratory (AIDL) at USM by setting up the RFID system on a conveyor set to determine whether the various speeds and placements of an RFID tag that was attached on the products would affect the performance of the proposed RFID system. The Design of Experiments (DOE) method known as two-factor factorial design was performed to find out the factors that influenced readability of an RFID tag detection. The Minitab statistical software was used to analyse the experimental results using interaction plots and two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) procedure. The two factors investigated were conveyor speed at three different levels 0.1143 m/s, 0.1476 m/s and 0.179 m/s and orientation of the RFID-tagged product on the conveyor set for six different orientations. The statistical analysis showed that conveyor speed had no significant effect on the RFID system as its P-value was 0.369 which was greater than 0.05 level of significance. Product orientation had a significant effect with a P-value of close to 0.00. Therefore the orientation of an RFID-tagged product plays an important role in an RFID system. The best orientation to place the RFID-tagged product on a conveyor is by having its RFID tag directly facing an antenna. The latter was determined by looking at the mean tag detection percentage for the six orientations. The highest percentage of 95% was obtained when the tag directly faced the antenna.


Processing refers to the producing or remaking upon the other's or part of the other's movables in order to increase or wholly transform its economic mechanism and elevate its value, thus making the changing of real right a legal fact. The value orientation of the legislation of the institution shall be: esteeming the will of the party concerned; taking the doctrine of processing; discriminating processing in goodwill or ill will and never deny the probability that the processor in ill will may obtain the processed property.


A French collaboration will develop advanced software to help doctors more easily make sense of data generated by the genomic analyses of patients' tumors.


We express the discrete Ricci curvature of a graph as the minimal eigenvalue of a family of matrices, one for each vertex of a graph whose entries depend on the local adjaciency structure of the graph. Using this method we compute or bound the Ricci curvature of Cayley graphs of finite Coxeter groups and affine Weyl groups. As an application we obtain an isoperimetric inequality that holds for all Cayley graphs of finite Coxeter groups.


The purpose of this article is to reveal the activities developed with a small group of students with special educational needs (SEN), belonging to a class of 1st year of primary education, using Experimental Teaching of Sciences methodology and relevant environmental themes, such as the use of drinking water as an increasingly scarce resource, educational domain in which Environmental Education is preponderant. It is intended that students with SEN be the most autonomous and interventional citizens possible in an increasingly complex and consumerist society where the choices of everyone in general, and of each one in particular, can make the di erence in terms of rational use and sustainable use of resources scarce and threatened by human mismanagement. An inclusive school has the function, as an institution, to create conditions for all students to learn together, regardless of di culties and di erences, as recommended by the Salamanca Declaration. Since the theme of water is a compulsory curricular content for all students, a set of practical and experimental activities were developed to help them become aware of the importance of proper water management and the involvement of all to achieve this purpose. Following the participation of the students in these activities, it was veri ed that they were able to make connections with other realities related to the subject, extrapolating to everyday situations.


A 33-year-old male came with complaint of pain in his right shoulder, left forearm along with some posterior midline neck tenderness, after he was involved in a motor vehicle accident. His X-ray examiniation of cervical spine showed fusion of C4-5 spinal bodies along with posterior neural arches. Diagnosis of Klippel-Feil syndrome was made. He was discharged with advice on avoiding neck injuries, and was suggested to report back immediately in case of any abnormal sensations or lack of sensations in his upper limbs. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-6731.2013.12.014


The aim of this study was characterization of Biocomposite CoHA-Gelatin-PVA. CoHA (Calcite Omya Hydroxyapatite was obtained from local material by synthesizing local calcite, while gelatin and PVA was commercial from Merck. The composite was prepared by blending powder of CoHA, gelatin, and PVA with weight ratios of 1∶1∶0.15. This blended powder composite was then mixed with distilled water with various solid loading of 5, 15, and 25% w/v. Next, it was cooled at freezer prior freeze drying to build a porous block composite. Characterization was carried out by XRD, FTIR, and SEM. The results showed that the composite block has micropore size <10 and macropore up to 300 µm. Results showed that the HA-gelatin-PVA can be synthesized into porous biocomposites, which has the potential for bone graft. The biocomposite has low cristallyne structure and there is a complex network structure of HA-gelatin-PVA. Biocomposites have a macropore up to 300 µm and micropore up to <10 µm.


Since the reform and open policy China's economy has developed continuously.With China's international prestige becoming increasingly high,many people start to study Chinese in the world.Teaching Chinese as a foreign language has become a hot issue.It is our duty to study how to teach Chinese as a foreign language.However,each student's condition is different,for example,purpose of learning Chinese,cultural context,educational background,language background and so on;therefore the way of teaching Chinese and its efficiency must be also different.It is our teaching purpose to make foreign students happily study Chinese,to pass on China's culture and to improve international exchange actively.Correspondence is demanded in teaching Chinese as a foreign language,and we should apply teaching method according to the student with a different background.This paper examines the viewpoint of teaching Chinese as a foreign language in Japan in order to further improve its teaching quality.


A half diallel set of crosses involved eight maize inbred lines were evaluated in normal and artificial infection by borer at the Agricultural Research and Experiment Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Egypt. To estimate combining ability, improve productivity of maize and resistant to borer Mean squares of environments, genotypes and its fractions as well as general and specific combining abilities (GCA and SCA) reached the significance level of probability for all traits. Low GCA/SCA ratios than unity were obtained for grain yield and resistance to borer characters in artificial infection environment and across environments. Therefore, non-additive type of gene action seemed to be more prevalent. Regarding to grain yield/ plant the crosses P3xP5, P3xP6 and P3xP8 had significant superiority over the check hybrid SC pioneer 30k8 under both environments. P3 ranked the first best inbred line in grain yield/ plant in both environments. The best combinations were P3xP5, P3xP6, and P3xP8 for grain yield/plant at both environments.


The present work aims at the dynamics identification of gas powered motor propulsion applied in remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) of the small or medium class. In subsequent chapters, the criteria indicating the choice of an electric or a gas power system are described. Moreover, the classification and characteristics of gas powered motor propulsions are presented. The main body of the article contains a laboratory stand dedicated to test the fumes from the motor propulsions in order to measure their static and dynamic characteristics. A wireless solution of acquiring the measurement data from the laboratory stand reflecting real working conditions of the repulsion is suggested. In further parts, the dynamics identification is done, and the transfer function of the object is presented.


This paper studies sorted generalization--the generalization, with respect to an arbitrary taxonomic theory, of atomic formulas containing sorted variables. It develops an algorithm for the task, discusses the algorithm and task complexity, and presents semantic properties of sorted generalization. Based on its semantic properties, we show how sorted generalization is applicable to such problems as abduction, induction, knowledge base vivification, and analogical reasoning. Significant distinctions between this work and related work with taxonomic information arise from the generality of the taxonomic theories we allow, which may be any first-order taxonomic theories, and the semantic completeness properties of sorted generalization.


This review emphasizes the effects of including pair correlations and dense packing on coherent reflection and incoherent scattering of sound by distributions of protuberances (bosses) on rigid or free base planes. The earlier energy conserving forms for the specularly reflected wave, the surface impedance, and the differential scattering cross section per unit area, are obtained in terms of a transform of the scattering amplitude of an isolated boss. Low‐frequency approximations are developed to delineate the roles of the packing density and multipole coupling effects, and explicit results are given for semi‐elliptic cylinders and hemi‐ellipsoids. It is shown that for lossless bosses, the reflection coefficient has a minimum, and the incoherent scattering a maximum, at the packing density corresponding to maximum fluctuations in the number of bosses per unit area. It is also shown that multipole coupling effects may be misinterpreted in data inversion programs as changes in boss shape; if such effects ar...


FSW and TIG were conducted on 316L stainless steel.Variation during microstructure and properties in joints obtained by different welding methods was studied.The results show that the effect of severe mechanical stirring and intense plastic deformation creat a fine recrystallized grain in the welding joint during FSW.As for TIG,the temperature of welding joint exceeds the melting point of welded material itself.The entire welding process belongs to the solidification of a small molten pool;and the microstructure of the joint takes on a typical casting structure.When the welding parameters were selected appropriately,the average ultimate tensile strength of FSW joints can reach 493 MPa,which is 83.6%of base metal;the average elongation is 52.1%of base metal.The average ultimate tensile strength of TIG joints is 475 MPa, which is 80.5%of base metal;the average elongation is 40.8%of base metal.The tensile test of FSW joints is superior to the TIG joints.The microhardness of FSW joint compared to base metal and TIG joint having a significant improvement,which arel95.5 HV,159.7 HV and 160.7 HV,respectively;grain refinement strengthening plays an important role in enhancing the microhardness.The electrochemical corrosion tests show that the joint of FSW 316L austenitic stainless steel has a good corrosion resistance.


Realistic user models are indispensable for performance evaluation of mobility prediction algorithms. The macrocellular wireless service user population comprises users with diverse mobility characteristics. This paper investigates mobility patterns in macrocellular wireless networks, based on empirical data gathered from several users. Based on the observed statistics a user classification based on mobility is achieved. Further the paper characterizes the distribution of cell residence time (CRT), which is the length of time that a user spends in a cell, before moving into the service area of another cell. Studies reported in literature concentrate on cell residence time distribution of mobile terminals in-session (dedicated channel allocated) and ignore their out-of-session (idle mode) characteristics, which critically influence several network management tasks. Investigation shows that a user's out-of-session CRT distribution can be accurately modeled using heavy-tailed arithmetic distribution with infinite mean and variance, contrary to the assumptions made in the literature


INTRODUCTION The creativity of Bohdan-Ihor Antonych is one of the most significant pages of our literature, it is inherent in genuine originality in the comprehension of artistic reality and the exceptional depth of reproduction the specifics of religious world perception. Due to this, Bohdan-Ihor Antonych is one of the most researched artists in contemporary literary criticism, as Maria Zubrytska rightly notes, "due to figurative and linguistic richness the poet's texts are organically open for the appearance of new readings and thoughts that do not deny previous reading experience, but on the contrary, complement it with new shades and other angles of vision" 1 . The religious works by Antonych became a completely new phenomenon in the Ukrainian literature of the interwar period of the twentieth century. Sviatoslav Hordynskiy believed that there were almost no purely religious poets in Galicia, and the only poet worthy of attention in this perspective was Vasyl Melnyk (Limnychenko). Works on religious subjects, which were printed in various religious editions, were written "on a very unpretentious artistic level", because their "standard" form was completely disproportionate to the high content. "And appeared the poet, who spoke in a new way, in a different way, in a voice in which not only the famous prayer tones sounded, but also something new – Christian mysticism and philosophy, the problem of the relation of man to God, the search of God in all things in the world as the very beginning of life and the last goal of human existence" 2 . And this particular poet, to whom such a short time of earthly life was measured, became one of the most researched authors in contemporary


Nonedible vegetable oil feedstocks are promising for sustainable production of biodiesel. Thermal decomposition characteristics of the feedstocks and their biodiesel are crucial for handling and quality control. Thermal degradation of rubber seed oil (RSO) and rubber seed oil methyl esters (ROME) was investigated with the help of thermogravimetry. The samples were pyrolyzed from 30 to 800 °C at heating rates of 10 °C/min to 50 °C/min with a 10 °C/min increment under a nitrogen atmosphere. The temperature window for thermal degradation of RSO and ROME was shifted toward a higher range as the heating rate increased from 10 °C/min to 50 °C/min. A transesterification reaction leads to a decrease in the molecular weight of triglycerides present in the sample (RSO), and this causes a lower thermal stability of the produced product (ROME). Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis of evolved gaseous products during pyrolysis revealed the formation of water, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and saturated (alkan...


This paper presents a comprehensive design overview of the SunOS 5.4 kernel memory allocator. This allocator is based on a set of object-caching primitives that reduce the cost of allocating complex objects by retaining their state between uses. These same primitives prove equally effective for managing stateless memory (e.g. data pages and temporary buffers) because they are space-efficient and fast. The allocator's object caches respond dynamically to global memory pressure, and employ an object-coloring scheme that improves the system's overall cache utilization and bus balance. The allocator also has several statistical and debugging features that can detect a wide range of problems throughout the system.


The culture filtrate is a secondary metabolite produced from the multiplication of fungi in a liquid medium during the incubation period, separated between the fungal cell and their supernatants. Trichoderma viride culture filtrate testing has been widely carried out and used as a biocontrol agent. This study aimed to determine the ability of Trichoderma viride PP2 culture filtrate concentration in suppressing anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides on the red chili pepper. The study was conducted with a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 5 treatments and five replications. The treatments were the concentration of T. viride PP2 culture filtrate, i.e., 0% (control), 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. Parameters observed were incubation period, percentage of infected, and infected intensity. The results showed that the application of filtrate of T. viride isolate PP2 with different concentrations has not been able to suppress the development of anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides in-planta. It is necessary to conduct further research on the effect of temperature and time application on suppressing the filtrate of T. viride isolate PP2.