In the field of interior design, furniture is one of the key elements in shaping the atmosphere. As the decoration industry is popular: three-point decoration, seven-point furniture. Practice has proved that furniture is increasingly important for the creation of indoor space atmosphere. Furniture is an indispensable tool for people's daily life and work. It plays a role in supporting the human body, storing goods, assisting work and dividing space. This paper focuses on the role of Tibetan furniture in Tibetan living rooms, design principles and classification of furniture.


AJR:192, May 2009 The utilization of CT continues to increase in the United States and the world [3, 12]. Since its introduction in the early 1970s, CT use has risen from 2 million studies per year to more than 65 million annually. Each new CT unit purchased from 1995 to 2004 averaged more than 2,200 new studies per year [9]. There are now more than 10,000 CT units estimated to be in operation. Approximately 7 million CT scans were obtained in children in 2007. Although CT examinations make up 11% of the number of radiologic procedures, radiation from CT delivers as much as 70% of the diagnostic imaging–related radiation dose [12]. Broder et al. [13] have indicated dramatic changes in CT use in children. In their pediatric emergency department, visit volume from 2000 to 2006 remained stable, but chest CT increased 435% and cervical spine CT, 366%.


ABSTRACT Gamification can enhance learners' autonomous motivation and enable them to feel enthusiastic during the cognitive absorption process. Therefore, this study explores developing a productive mobile learning (m-learning) atmosphere that enables focused immersion students to learn, enhancing their gratification and decreasing their cognitive load, to improve learning performance. A quasi-experimental approach was used to investigate the performance of university-level students with homogenous backgrounds and coursework by employing heterogeneous pedagogies, including text-based, video, collaboration and gamification. Data collected from 228 students provided strong support for the research model. Moreover, the differences among the four pedagogies were significant, and the gamification pedagogy enabled students to achieve optimal learning performance. It is expected that m-learning service providers can benefit from the insights of this study and implement more effective learning strategies.


The processing requirements of 3D model data in modern manufacturing industry and the data type characteristics of 3D model data source. With the popularity of modern cloud computing platform and the technical advantages of cloud computing platform, the 3D model information is stored in the information system, and the cloud computing technology is used to manage the information system. The purpose of this article is to combine cloud computing technology with lightweight 3D visualization technology such as acrobat 3D to realize lightweight visualization of 3D model in information system. With the advantage of cloud computing platform which does not occupy local resources and has large data processing capacity combined with lightweight 3D visualization technology such as Acrobat 3D,3D model data can be visualized in cloud fast traffic. This paper investigates and studies, compares the speed of reading information between the information system using cloud computing technology and the ordinary local storage information system, and tries to find out the advantages of cloud computing compared with the traditional information system. In addition, this paper also optimizes lightweight on the basis of 3D model data set. Reduce the collective product of its data without destroying the visualization of its basic information.


Artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is an important economic activity in many rural areas, with a long tradition in Colombia. High rates of informality undermine governance, security, and legal economies, and cause significant environmental and social impacts. As the government of Colombia consolidates post-conflict conditions, the United States and Switzerland are providing assistance through the "Oro Legal" Activity of the United States Agency for International Development and "Better Gold Initiative for Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining," a public-private partnership between the Swiss Better Gold Association and Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs. A consultative process with a broad array of stakeholder groups yielded consensus on the principal obstacles to ASGM formalization, which create serious disincentives to entry into this process. To enable ASGM operators to transition to formality, a recommendation emerged for a National Unified Formalization Plan, which rests on six proposals that largely align with current policy and legislation.


We give a one-dimensional octonionic representation of the different Clifford algebra Cliff(5,5)~Cliff(9,1), Cliff(6,6)~ Cliff(10,2) and lastly Cliff(7,6)~ Cliff(10,3) which can be given by 8×8 real matrices taking into account some suitable manipulation rules.


The Securities Technologies (ST) Workshop was formerly called the Enterprise Security (ES) Workshop. The name was changed to reflect better a more comprehensive name to the topics being discussed which ranged beyond just security in and for the enterprise. The Workshop deals with topics that span multiple enterprises, including Peer to Peer (P2P), Grid Computing, security of large-scale backbones, software security, et al. Consequently, it was suggested that the Workshop consider a name change to more accurately reflect the topics of the papers it was receiving and delivering. Several names were considered and Security Technologies was selected. However, the name Enterprise Security has not been dropped as it was the name under which it was organized originally.


The R & P seminar held at Wing 11 Committee Room, IIM Ahmedabad on January 3, 2018 by Prof. Amalesh Sharma, Mays Business School, Texas A&M University on Investigating the Impact of Pace, Rhythm, and Scope of New Product Introduction (NPI) Process on Firm Value


Directed evolution of cytochrome P450 enzymes represents an attractive means of generating novel catalysts for specialized applications. Xenobiotic-metabolizing P450s are particularly well suited to this approach due to their inherent wide substrate specificity. In the present study, a novel method for DNA shuffling was developed using an initial restriction enzyme digestion step, followed by elimination of long parental sequences by size-selective filtration. P450 2C forms were subjected to a single round of shuffling then coexpressed with reductase in E. coli. A sample (54 clones) of the resultant library was assessed for sequence diversity, hemo- and apoprotein expression, and activity towards the substrate indole. All mutants showed a different RFLP pattern compared to all parents, suggesting that the library was free from contamination by parental forms. Haemoprotein expression was detectable in 45/54 (83%) of the mutants sampled. Indigo production was less than or comparable to the activities of one or more of the parental P450s, but three mutants showed indirubin production in excess of that seen with any parental form, representing a gain of function. In conclusion, a method is presented for the effective shuffling of P450 sequences to generate diverse libraries of mutant P450s containing a high proportion of correctly folded hemoprotein, and minimal contamination with parental forms.


The behavior of LC-CMOS frequency dividers is investigated in depth obtaining a new and clearer insight into the synchronization phenomenon. We show that it occurs according to two mechanisms, which are referred to as "synchronization by mixing" and "synchronization by harmonics." This latter, still not known, may be the dominant mechanism in some practical circuits, and justifies the presence of locked states when the well known mechanism by mixing fails to predict them. A new model of CMOS frequency dividers that includes both mechanisms is presented, and its utility is demonstrated by analyzing the locked states of a divider by 3 and of a divider by 4, which are predicted in closed form. The calculation results show a close correspondence between the theory and the circuit simulations and measurements.


Kumo, Kupa-Kupa, Pitu, and Luari beaches are tourist destinations that are always crowded with local and foreign tourists. This becomes interesting, because recently the problem of human population density in an area has become a hot topic for study. Using the polynomial method, it resulted in 6th order with R2 0.950 (Kumo), 0.868 (Kupa-Kupa), 0.799 (Pitu), and 0.399 (Luari) representing the distribution of visits. The highest levels of visits occurred in the twelfth, fifth, fourth, and sixth months, respectively. The analysis by applying the logistics function shows the highest level of visits throughout 2018 which are Kumo 283.95 tourists, Kupa-Kupa 342.12 tourists, Pitu 81.77 tourists and, Luari 1088.35 tourists. Based on the threshold analysis, the threshold value shows 255.56 tourists (Kumo), 297.08 tourists (Kupa-Kupa), 65.58 tourists (Pitu), and 836.42 tourists (Luari). The results of this study inform the level of tourist visits exceeding the threshold value in four tourist destinations. Given that the four tourist destinations carry the concept of ecology as a selling point, the manager needs to reorganize the level of tourist visits. Excess levels of tourist arrivals can have a negative impact on the comfort and sustainability of tourist destinations


In this paper we provide a necessary, and sufficient condition for the existence of negative moments, the properties of Riemann-Stieltjes integral is used for continuous random variables. Therefore, we provide the condition for the probability density functions which the integral or the mathematical expectancy would be random variable with negative powers, we prove it, under some cases, the subjects, and their properties by using the Riemann-Stieltjes integral, at the end for better understanding of these matter few examples are shown.


Constitution on the sacred liturgy of the Second Vatican Council speaks about the nature and meaning of liturgy for the life of the Church as well as important directions on the ecclesial renewal through liturgical renewal. This article presents a study, a library research on the history of the respective constitution. This study should help to unfold a rich meaning of this liturgical renewal in the context of an ecclesial renewal in general as well as of a liturgical renewal for the last 50 years after the Council. Significant thoughts of the fathers of the council should serve as source of inspiration, also for our pastoral-liturgical ministry. Finally, the study will indicate some concrete steps to promote a continuation of the liturgical-ecclesial renewal for the life of the pilgrim Church.


Objective To explore the effect of joint mobilization and quadriceps setting on nitric oxide(NO) and tumor necrosis factor(TNF) of the experimental knee osteoarthritis in rabbits.Methods Rabbits model of knee osteoarthritis was induced by papain.32 rabbits were divided into 4 groups randomly,8 in each group.The changes of contents of NO and TNF in synovia were detected.Results Expression of NO and TNF in synovia of all treatment groups decreased compared to the control group(P0.01).Conclusion Joint mobilization and quadriceps setting can decrease the level of NO and TNF in synovia.


We researched the effect of single zinc or oxygen vacancy on the electronic and optical properties of V-doped ZnO. All calculations were performed by CASTEP in materials studio software. Total energy showed that an oxygen vacancy inclined to stay at the position far from vanadium (V). A zinc vacancy preferred to localize at the position near V. The V atom substitution for zinc (Zn) introduced spin-polarization at Fermi-level. Vanadium made electronic density of states moved to lower energy. Vanadium doping broadened the density of states peaks of pure ZnO. An oxygen or Zn vacancy also broadened the density of states peaks of V-doped ZnO. The V doping introduced optical properties at lower energy. An oxygen vacancy improved lower-energy optical properties much. Our calculation provided a reference for the preparation and applications of V-doped ZnO in optical fields.


Organic vegetables are in full swing in the present era. It is into demand because of health conscious customers due to the higher risk in problems like obesity and diabetes. Such infected people are being recommended by the doctors to eat vegetables and fruits organically grown and produced. In the earlier days farmers had full faith in the fertilizers for agriculture. But now a day due to the changed trend and the harmful effects of the pesticides on the grains and food items people are becoming more aware and cautious. This new trend especially in the city dwellers has made them incline towards organic stuff. The farmers have also realized and are showing interest in organic farming. The rural women entrepreneurs must make a link to such customers and the organic farmers. They must get connected to NGOs in the city and move the organic products from the farmers to the customers. They will market the products and earn the profit as no middleman exists through this link. Hence, this paper deals with the development of the rural women entrepreneurs for a good cause and the city dwellers are also gaining from the other side.


The aldol condensations of p-nitrobenzaldehyde with acetone have been found to be catalyzed by Zn2+ complexes of α-amino acid esters under mild and neutral conditions to afford enantiomeric excess aldol type product along with some of the dehydrated product. The complexes with ligands containing benzene ring such as esters of Phe, Tyr, and Trp are much more effective both on catalytic activity and asymmetric induction.


This article presents the discussion and the conclusion of an EERJ Special Issue on accountability policy forms in four European educational systems aimed at identifying how global schemes and instruments of accountability are integrated into national governance patterns. The comparative discussion indicates that accountability instruments and schemes take the form of singular trajectories that are neither a continuation of the national histories nor an indexation on global governance models. It also emphasises the need to better conceptualise how power relations in the interface between the global and national scenes, as well as within national contexts, shape the accountability forms.


Polyesteramide polyols have been synthesized by melt condenstion using a mixture of alkanolamines, polyethylene glycols, and dicarboxylic acids/anhydrieds, and the behavior or resin samples as interfacrial agents in unidirectional as well as random composites of jute/epoxy and jute/polyester has been evaluated. Mechanical properties of these composties with or without interfacial agents have been determined along with the effect of water uptake on such properties. The incorporation of polyesteramide polyol (PEAP) resins as interfacila agents has been found to significantly improcve the mechanical properties of jute fiber composites. It has also been found that increasing the hydroxyl value of PEAP results in a better bonding of the composities up to a certain optimum limit of hydroxyl value beyond which the molecular weight of the interfacila agent as well as its bonding strenght decreases. Use of PEAP resin of optimum hydroxyl value and molecular weight also significantly improves the water resistance capacities of jute/epoxy composites.


Tamarindus indica L.(Caesalpiniaceae) is used traditionally for the treatment of various disorders, including ,wound, fever, malaria, abdominal pain, leprosy, conjunctivitis, stomachic, preservative, anthelmintic, bacterial infection, diabetes, oxidative stress, asthma, diabetes, oxidative stress. Hydroalcoholic and aqueous extracts of Tamarinds were tested for antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Invitro antioxidant assay was performed by DPPH (1, 1 –diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl) assay, Hydroxyl radicals scavenging assay, Ferric reducing assay, and Nitric oxide radical scavenging assay. In antioxidant assay methods percentage of free radical scavenging activity was calculated and IC50 values were also determined for each of the extracts. Hydroalcoholic extracts showed greater antioxidant activity and the results for DPPH · , OH · , NO · radical scavenging methods are 77.66±1.85, 79.0±0.57, 88.0±0.57 respectively and ferric reducing antioxidant power was also determined at 500µg/ml concentration and it was 1.4 ±0.05. Antimicrobial activity was performed against 4 stains of human pathogenic bacteria by broth micro dilution and agar diffusion method. In disc diffusion, both of the extracts shown good antimicrobial activity against gram positive bacteria. Maximum inhibition zone diameters were resulted on hydro alcoholic extracts of seeds (20.66±1.15) against S. aureus and aqueous extracts of seeds (20.33±4.5) against B. subtilis. Maximum inhibition zone diameters of aqueous extracts of seeds and hydroalcoholic extracts of seeds against gram negative bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa WORL


.......................................................................................................................... 4 Introduction.................................................................................................................... 4 Colonias ....................................................................................................................... 7 Colonias Monitoring Program ..................................................................................... 8 Land-Use Change in Ambos Nogales ........................................................................... 9 History of Land Use and Policy Change.................................................................... 12 Monitoring Land Use Change.................................................................................... 17 Change Detection and Discussion ............................................................................. 25 Colonias of Ambos Nogales ......................................................................................... 27 Nogales, Arizona........................................................................................................ 29 Nogales, Sonora ......................................................................................................... 35 Colonias Development............................................................................................... 42 Web-Based Interface ................................................................................................... 44 Delivery of Product/Training..................................................................................... 45 Conclusions ................................................................................................................... 48 APPENDIX A: Ambos Nogales Urban Planning GIS Workshop Tutorial............ 51 APPENDIX B: Metadata. ........................................................................................... 63 1975 Urban Extent of Ambos Nogales ...................................................................... 63 1983 Urban Extent of Ambos Nogales ...................................................................... 68 1995 Urban Extent of Ambos Nogales ...................................................................... 73 2002 Urban Extent of Ambos Nogales ...................................................................... 78 Waterlines for Nogales, Arizona................................................................................ 83 Waterlines in Nogales, Sonora................................................................................... 88 Sewerlines of Nogales, Arizona................................................................................. 93 Sewerlines for Nogales, Sonora................................................................................. 98 Colonias of Nogales, Arizona .................................................................................. 103 Homogeneous Areas of Nogales, Sonora ................................................................ 108 REFERENCES........................................................................................................... 115 Websites Referenced................................................................................................ 120


IPv6 addresses contain a 64-bit Interface ID (IID) that is allocated by site administrators. A random IID allows them to reduce the effectiveness of IPv6 reconnaissance attacks. In this paper, we look at how IPv6 IIDs are assigned in practice. In particular, we classify the IPv6 server and client addresses from various trace files. We apply our classification method to a number of datasets to find different regions and different IID allocation schemes. The results show a difference among datasets, and imply that IID allocation differs between regions (as we expected).


The skin may not have the same dramatic appeal as many of the other organs, such as the heart; however, it plays a vital part in identifying each of us as a unique individual. When this protective outer barrier is damaged the consequences may be far reaching in both psychological and physical terms. Not all wounds require skin grafting - small, superficial wounds will heal by secondary intention and dressings. However, use of skin grafting to restore skin integrity for large surface wounds such as burns, reduces the risk of infection and enables the individual to resume normal daily activities more rapidly. This article explores the process of skin grafting and subsequent care of skin graft wound sites.


Bench-scale column experiments were performed to evaluate the applicability of employing rapid small-scale column tests (RSSCTs) for the removal of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) from groundwater, using ground and unground anion exchange resins (AERs). Specifically, experiments were designed to assess the applicability of scaling the overall rate of PFAA uptake to the AERs by r–2, where r is the AER particle radius. Two commercially available AERs were examined. Such scaling is generally assumed to be appropriate if uptake is controlled by intraparticle diffusion with a constant diffusion coefficient. Results showed that, for each AER tested, short-chained PFAAs migrated through the columns more rapidly than the long-chained PFAAs. Also, for a given perfluorinated chain length, the perfluorinated carboxylates migrated through the AERs more rapidly than the corresponding perfluorinated sulfonates. PFAA elution through the AERs was well-described by the Thomas model, which assumes rate-limited uptake and Lang...


Local buckling of elements supporting the compressed power panels of aircraft structures, stringer, is considered. It has been shown that the identification of critical stresses of the local stability of the stringer and the critical stresses of its weakest wall can lead to significantly overestimated results. The use of this approach omits the form of extrusion of the stringer, in which one of the reinforcing elements is not edged as an infinitely long plate, but as a beam. Such an element not only reduces the supporting effect on other elements, but can itself provoke a loss of stability of the entire stringer. The case of a uniformly compressed stringer in the form of a wall reinforced by a belt was considered. The problem of determining the critical stresses of the stringer under the assumption of free support of the plate along three sides and elastic coupling with the compressed hinged beam on the fourth was solved analytically. In this setting, the deflection function of the plate wall in one direction was written in the form of a series in terms of the sine function. After integrating the obtained ordinary differential equation and satisfying the boundary conditions, the critical stresses were determined from the condition for a non-trivial solution. The solution was reduced to a transcendental equation for dimensionless critical stresses, written through the dimensionless values of the flexural, torsional rigidity of the beam, its cross-sectional area, the elongation of the plate, and the Poisson's ratio. The resulting stresses up to the square of the elongation are the coefficient of plate support in the well-known formula for determining the critical stresses of the plates. Parametric studies were carried out: the influence of the elongation of the stringer, the relative area and dimensions of the beam cross-section supporting the plate on the value of the support coefficient. It was shown that for stringers having a relatively weak belt, the support ratio may be less than the value adopted for a compressed plate with three freely supported sides and one free edge (0.46), i.e. in this case, buckling provokes a compressed beam. For the convenience of practical use of the results obtained, plots of the dependence of the support coefficient on elongation and the ratio of the wall and shelf dimensions were given. Recommendations were given to increase the critical stresses of local buckling of the stringer


Recent UK government policies have had a number of effects on public sector organisations. Among the more obvious is the pressure — created from both direct and indirect policy changes — towards privatisation. Thus, for example, local authorities have been required to shift away from being service providers towards enabling others to provide. In the health service, many of the support services have been privatised and an "internal market" has been introduced, in which the purchasing authority is now formally separated from a variety of competing service providers.


In this paper we study bijective a-transducers. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions on pairs of regular sets (R,S) such that a bijective a-transducer, mapping R cnto S exists. The results obtained allow the systematic construction of an a-transducer, mapping a set R onto a set S bijectively for surprisingly "different" regular sets R and S.


The downward rotation of the eyeball is normally associated with a corresponding movement of the upper eyelid. When an attempt is made to look downward with the eyes closed, the lids open slightly and assume the position normally taken in downward gaze. Defective central or peripheral innervation of the orbicularis palpebrarum, levator palpebrae or Muller's muscles may alter the movements of the upper lid. In discussing the impaired actions of the palpebrae, only lesions of the peripheral portions of the third and seventh cranial nerves will be considered. An unusual example of abnormal associated movements of an upper eyelid is found in the follwing case1: REPORT OF A CASE A 20 year old telephone operator was admitted to the Mount Sinai Hospital in February 1934 complaining of drooping of the left eyelid, double vision and headache. She had been in good health until nine months before admission, when


STEP-NC is proposed for the next generation of data exchange between CAD/CAM and CNC systems. However, the STEP-compliant CAD/CAM systems and STEPcompliant CNC systems are researched individually in the last decade, which hinders the practical applications of STEP-NC. In the paper, STEP-compliant CAD/CNC system is proposed that consists of STEP-CAD and STEP-CNC, and feature-oriented machining is introduced for 2.5D feature and freeform surface machining, wherein T-spline is introduced for the representation and data exchange of freeform surface. A practical machine tool is constructed under the proposed STEP-compliant CAD/CNC system. Some workpieces are tested to verify the feasibility of the proposed STEP-compliant CAD/CNC system for the featureoriented machining.


Common faults of the sealing oil system of the recommended 300W turbo generator,i.e.the fuel inlet,hydrogen contamination and hydrogen leakage etc,are introduced and analyzed;besides the countermeasures to the faults are proposed.


Geochemistry of iron and trace elements found in soils of Wetlands impacted by the tailings from the Mariana accident MG The estuarine environments, an interface between ocean and the continent lands are classified as one of the most important ecosystems existing, as much for its location as for its importance for the local species and other species dependent on that specific habitat. Elements such as iron and sulfur play an important role in these environments, mainly due to the anoxic conditions imposed by frequent flooding. These elements are key pieces for several biogeochemical processes related to metals, and the oxidation of organic matter in reducing environment, and the geochemical processes related to these elements vary with the dynamics of tides, the presence of organisms and plants. Although the importance of estuaries is evident, there are still many effective measures to prevent the discharge of pollutants directly into these areas, such as heavy metals; Which may be present in large quantities in urban and industrial sewage. Additionally, metals can be released in isolated cases, for example, in the colapse of the Samarco ́s dam in 2015 releasing large amounts of ore processing tailings. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the arrival of the tailings to Rio Doce river, in the state of Espírito Santo, in the meaning of geochemical behavior of the elements Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in the estuarine environment. Soil and deposited tailings were sampled and collected along the Rio Doce estuary near the city of Regência (coordinates 19o 24 '20 "S and 40o 4' 5" W), in the northeast of the State of Espírito Santo. The values of pH and Eh were measured on field, and in laboratory were determined the fractions of metals through sequential extractions as well the determination of the content of MO and granulometric composition. XRD analysis was also carried out in the tailings by the dry powder sample method, which demonstrates iron oxides such as hematite and goethite. The results showed a great variation of Eh and pH, predominance of the sand fraction in the soil, and OM levels between 2.67 ± 2.31 and 6.28 ± 3.51%. The metals, such as Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn, were considerably elevated, mainly due to the composition of the waste and strongly associated with the oxides and low Fe and metals associated with the pyritic fraction, which exposes the risk of bioavailability of Metals by the reduction of Fe.


In this paper we propose a modi cation of a part of the global adaptive integration algorithm that is usually taken for granted: the subdivision strategy. We introduce a subdivision strategy where the routine decides whether it is best to divide a hyper-rectangular region or a n-simplex in 2 or 2 parts or something in between.


A practical method for predicting seedling emergence dates of red and white clovers, and lucerne is proposed. The germination response at seven different constant temperatures ranging from 5 to 35°C was examined. Germination rate, which is a reciprocal of the duration for 50% germination of seeds, was linearly regressed against temperature to calculate the base temperature and thermal constant of seed germination. The calculated values were 3·9°C and 15·8 degree days for red clover, 4·2°C and 13·6 degree days for white clover, and 2·9°C and 17·7 degree days for lucerne. Using the base temperatures, thermal constants, and the daily mean air temperatures at the study site, the seedling emergence dates of the three forage legumes were predicted. At the same time, in an outdoor pot experiment, seeds of these legumes were sown approximately every 3 weeks and seedling emergence dates were determined. The predicted dates of seedling emergence generally fitted the observed dates. Another prediction was attempted using the base temperatures, thermal constants, and normal daily mean air temperatures recorded over more than 30 years in the study site. This prediction showed that the seedlings of the three forage legumes began to emerge at the beginning of April and could continue to emerge until the beginning of November when their non-dormant seeds were present in the site, and that when the seeds were sown from mid-November of one year to late March of the next year, the emergence of seedlings was delayed until the beginning of April.


A hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry method was developed for the determination of trace arsenic.A digestion system using HNO3-H2O2 under high pressure was applied for the pretreatment of the samples.The experimental conditions were optimized.Under the optimum conditions,there was a good linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity and arsenic concentration in the range of 0~10μg·L-1 with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999,while the detection limit was 0.008μg·L-1.Trace arsenic in the standard reference substance(GBW07604 and GBW07605) was determined incording this way and the results for four times of analysis were in good agreement with certified value.The relative standard deviation was 3%.The authors also studied the arsenic contents in four kinds of plant and Chinese Traditional Medicine(CTM) by the working curve method.The results were satisfactory and the recovery percent is between 97% and 106%.


Abstract The pre-penetration and infection process of Colletotrichum dematium on mulberry leaf was investigated by scanning electron microscope. Conidia produced on germination appressoria directly or at the end of short germ tubes. Appressoria were formed mostly over cuticle, but sometimes over stomata also. At 72 h post-inoculation, an extensive network of sub-cuticular runner hyphae (RH) was produced. The RH were traceable by the cuticular bulgings on leaf surface. The RH emerged to leaf surface through ruptured cuticle to form secondary infection hyphae (SIH). The SIH re-entered the leaf tissue by sending penetration branches through stomata. Conidia were formed singly on short conidiophores from the RH and SIH, at short intervals. The conidia developed on RH were exposed to leaf surface through ruptured cuticle. Some times conidia were released through stomata also. The RH and SIH had thick knots from which hyphal branches and conidia were developed. Definite acervuli were not developed.


Eggs from stomachs of yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea) from Emerald Bank, south of Nova Scotia, were identified as those of northern sand lance, Ammodytes dubius. They were larger than those of other Ammodytes species, with a mean diameter of 1.05 mm. Ovarian eggs from ripe A. dubius were smaller (mean diameter 0.7 mm) with a unimodal distribution of egg diameters, indicating a single spawning each season.Larvae were widespread and abundant on the Scotian Shelf from February to April. They hatched at about 4-mm length and grew to about 25-mm length between February and May on Emerald Bank. Growth rates decreased to the north. Numbers and distribution of melanophores changed with larval length, but showed no differences in number at given length between geographical areas. Change in numbers of anal, caudal, and dorsal fin rays followed a pattern similar to that of corresponding melanophores.


Extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma (EES) arising in head and neck is extremely rare. We report on a rare case of EES originating from the pterygomandibular space. A 15-year-old boy was seen with a rapidly growing mass in the right upper neck, difficulty in opening mouth, dysphagia, numbness in the right lower lip and buccal skin. Clinical and radiological examinations indicated that a soft tissue mass origi-nated from the pterygomandibular space with the submandibular space and mouth floor extension. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations of the biopsy specimen revealed poorly differentiated small blue round cells with positive stains for CD99 and neuron-specific enolase. According to the clinical manifestation, CT and MRI findings, histological pattern and the results of the immunohistochemical studies, the final diagnosis was EES. Our patient was treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The lesion recurred locally after 10 months and he died of multiple distant metastases 22 months later. Early and confident diagnosis coupled with combined surgical excision and modern chemotherapy/radiotherapy appears to be the most effective treatment plan.


Virtual teams can be seen as of the social network made up of individuals.In this paper,we firstly discuss the knowledge sharing in virtual teams and its features,further research about the process of knowledge sharing in virtual teams.Finally,we propose several corresponding countermeasures for optimization of the knowledge sharing process.


In this study we propose a modular system for automatic rheumatoid arthritis assessment which provides a joint space width measure. A hand joint model is proposed based on the accurate analysis of a X-ray finger joint image sample set. This model shows that the sclerosis and the lower bone are the main necessary features in order to perform a proper finger joint characterization. We propose sclerosis and lower bone detection methods as well as the experimental setup necessary for its performance assessment. Our characterization is used to propose and compute a joint space width score which is shown to be related to the different degrees of arthritis. This assertion is verified by comparing our proposed score with Sharp Van der Heijde score, confirming that the lower our score is the more advanced is the patient affection.


The aim of this article is to show that solvers for tridiagonal Toeplitz systems of linear equations can be efficiently implemented for a variety of modern GPU‐accelerated and multicore architectures using OpenACC. We consider two parallel algorithms for solving such systems with special assumptions about coefficient matrices. As the first algorithm, we propose a new, faster implementation of the divide and conquer method. The next algorithm is a new, vectorizable algorithm based on a recently introduced sequential method. We consider the use of both column‐wise and row‐wise storage formats for two‐dimensional arrays and show how to efficiently convert between these two formats using cache memory and improve the overall performance of our implementations. We also show how to tune the performance by predicting the best values of the methods' parameters. Numerical experiments performed on Intel CPUs and Nvidia GPUs show that our new implementations achieve relatively good performance and accuracy.


The inverted pendulum is a highly nonlinear and open-loop unstable system. This means that standard linear techniques cannot exactly model and control the nonlinear dynamics of the system. This paper presents the neuro-control of an inverted pendulum using genetic algorithm. The system will be controlled via merging both neural networks and genetic algorithm. This paper focuses on training the neural network, through genetic algorithm, to identify a non-linear controller based on the nonlinear back-stepping control technique. In this paper, Artificial Neural Networks is trained by adaptive learning. The standard feed-forward ANN structure is used to model the controller of the inverted pendulum. This paper presents the simulation results of the controller found after Genetic Algorithm conversion; the system performance will then be compared to a nonlinear controller results. Finally, some important parameters in the Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm are changed to compare and assess their effect on the nonlinear controller (i.e. GA population size, number of generations, processing time, …).


By meta-analysis, we conduct a quantitative analysis of 98 independent studies between 2003and 2016 to explore the influencing factors of social elderly services demand and their impact mechanisms. The results show that: (a)health, education, dwell, income, the charge and quality of service are the main factors that affect the social elderly service demand; (b)the differences among endowment patterns have regulating effects on the influencing mechanism of each factor; (c)the dislocation between the payment capacity of the elderly and the supply of services essentially results in the imbalance between supply and demand of social elderly services.


Distributed quantum information in networks is paramount for global secure quantum communication. Moreover, it finds applications as a resource for relevant tasks, such as clock synchronization, magnetic field sensing, and blind quantum computation. For quantum network analysis and benchmarking of implementations, however, it is crucial to characterize the topology of networks in a way that reveals the nodes between which entanglement can be reliably distributed. Here, we demonstrate an efficient scheme for this topology certification. Our scheme allows for distinguishing, in a scalable manner, different networks consisting of bipartite and multipartite entanglement sources, for different levels of trust in the measurement devices and network nodes. We experimentally demonstrate our approach by certifying the topology of different six-qubit networks generated with polarized photons, employing active feed-forward and time multiplexing. Our methods can be used for general simultaneous tests of multiple hypotheses with few measurements, being useful for other certification scenarios in quantum technologies.


Field effect transistor (FET) with graphene oxide deposited on the channel for biosensor application is fabricated using p-type silicon on insulator (SOI) wafer. The graphene oxide (GO) is deposited by using an effective and low cost technique called spray pyrolysis mechanism on the silicon dioxide layer (i.e. after the silicon with 70 nm is etched). The physical surface topology is characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results show that the GO flake exist on the deposited area with thickness ranging from 3 nm to 8 nm. For electrical characterization, the device uses a back-gate to modulate the channel. Results show that the GO show better conductivity, stable response and less noise proving that it is suitable for biosensing applications.


Based on the Lagrange interpolation polynomial algorithm, the error analysis is discussed in this paper. Firstly, we derive the Lagrange interpolation polynomial algorithm and introduce the shape function with the usage of related data figures. Secondly, how to derive the Lagrange interpolation function is also simply introduced. At last, some examples have been given to display the error analysis of the Lagrange interpolation polynomial algorithm and two conclusions are suggested to minimize the errors in Lagrange interpolation.


The photochemistry of the α-diazo sulfoxide 7 has been investigated in solid argon at 10 K by IR spectroscopy. The sulfinyl carbene was not detected directly but instead underwent photochemically induced hetero-Wolff rearrangement to the sulfine 8 which could be detected and characterized following irradiation at 248 nm. Further photochemical reaction of this intermediate led to the oxathiirane 9 which was most readily detected on irradiation of 7 at 308 nm. The matrix-isolated species were identified by comparison of experimental and calculated IR spectra. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)


Evidence suggests that media representations of women's bodies can have a harmful effect on how women view their own bodies. It is welldocumented that images of thin, objectified physiques can take a toll on the self-esteem of women, encouraging them to pursue thin bodies of their own through unhealthy dieting and eating habits. Increasing numbers of men also are becoming preoccupied with the size of their bodies. Unlike many members of the opposite sex, though, men seem to want to gain weight – in the form of muscle. But like women, men may be vulnerable to the influence of media images. There is evidence to suggest that representations of men's bodies – in magazines and toys – have grown increasingly muscular over the past 25 years. Do images of muscular bodies, then, have an impact on the wellbeing of men, motivating them to want larger physiques? And do images of women, as sex objects, also shape the wellbeing of men? What did the researchers do?


To investigate the establishment of regional medical images in our information systems technical architecture and functional structure.Wujiang City,Jiangsu Province,a regional medical imaging information system pilot project the actual situation,a set of Internet-based technology and large centralized model of regional medical imaging information system construction program.After three pilot hospitals in different regions of the system technical architecture is stable and fully able to meet the regional medical imaging information system needs.Regional medical imaging information system construction work in the ascendant,based on Internet technology and large centralized model of regional medical imaging information system building programs promising.


). Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a technique that in vitro fertilization clinics use to treat a myriad of male factor infer-tility cases. Importantly, some patients who repeatedly fail ICSI also fail to induce egg activation and are, therefore, sterile. Here, we have found that sperm from patients who repeatedly failed ICSI were unable to induce [Ca


The estimation of future loan losses is not only important for financial institutions to effectively control the credit risk of commercial loan portfolio, but also an essential component in the capital plan submitted for regulatory approval in the annual CCAR and DFAST stress testing. Under the regulatory guidelines, Banks must demonstrate in their stress testing methodology that the risk characteristics of loan portfolio are properly captured at a granular risk-sensitive level to adequately reflect the region and sector effects when incorporating the impact of macro-economic scenarios. This paper describes a methodology of estimating the point-in-time (PIT) default probability that can vary according to macro-economic scenarios and at same time capture the credit risk at the region and industry sector levels. The key to this modeling approach is the maximum likelihood estimation of credit index and correlation parameters calibrated to the historical default and rating migration data. The credit index in the model represents the "hidden" risk factor underlying the default while the correlation parameter can be attributed to the default clustering, and the estimation of credit index and correlation provides a compelling explanation for the original design of risk-weight function used in the calculation of credit risk capital charge in the Pillar 1 of Basel II capital rule. The methodology can be used as a benchmark model to validate the Bank's internal model, because it can be built in compliance with the bank's internal risk rating system and it can also be implemented with external data from the rating agency such as S&P and Moody's, thus making it practical for many institutions with only limited internal data of default and migration history.


The functional requirements of water supply network based on GIS are introduced. The application logic structure of water supply network based on GIS chooses three-tier/N-tier architecture. The system is divided into six subsystems. Among them, the analysis subsystem, the aided design subsystem, the installation and maintenance management subsystem and the customer service subsystem serve data management subsystem. The system management subsystem is the control center of other subsystems. The urban network MIS stated in this paper has been implemented successfully in some cities of China.


The present paper complements recent work on rotationally symmetric stress and strain in the linear theory of elastic shells of revolution. Departure here is from the two uncoupled systems of equilibrium and compatibility differential equations for what is called the problems of bending and of twisting, respectively. The object here is to reduce the complete set of equations once more to a system of two simultaneous second-order differential equations for the problem of bending alone of the polarorthotropic shell. (Author)


Abstract We study the classical single factor term structure equation for models that predict non-negative interest rates. For these models we develop a fast and accurate finite difference method (FD) using the appropriate boundary conditions at zero.


The study of the distribution of geomagnetically trapped charged particles is aided by the introduction of a parameter L which is a function of the magnitude of the magnetic field and an integral invariant of the particle motion evaluated between the mirror points of the particle trajectory, which are referred to here as absolute conjugate points of the field (McIlwain 1961).


Radio frequency signals are present everywhere and almost at any time, from GSM mobile phones to wireless devices. Wi-Fi enabled devices can be located within the area of deployment. A location system that takes advantage of the availability of these signals and the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) measured by these mobile devices was developed using Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) as access points (APs). The concept of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was applied to the location system for computation of location coordinates. This allows for tolerance and generalization of results. Location information of target devices was made available via a web interface. The user had the option of selecting registered device in a location database server using Media Access Control (MAC) address of their tag and the computed location is displayed on a floor plan of the building.


Affective neuroscience is a new emerging doctrine in the brain sciences, which studies the neurobiological correlates of motivation and emotion. The research reported in this thesis starts with discussing empirical studies on the lateralized involvement of the prefrontal cortex in affective
processing. Next, the involvement of the parietal cortex, the cerebellum and their functional connectivity to the prefrontal cortex in affective processing will be examined. In addition, it will be argued that motivation
and emotion are implemented in multiple and functionally interconnected brain regions. Furthermore, a heuristic working model will be presented, which does not only provide a theoretical basis for testing new hypotheses
in affective neuroscientific research, but also for the clinical application of magnetic brain stimulation in the treatment of depression. The current thesis provides novel insights into the biological mechanisms of affectie
processing, evidenced from electrophysiological, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, endocrinological and behavioral studies.


Objectives: To compare the AMH based protocol and the traditional protocol in patients undergoing IVF/ICSI.Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Patients and Methods: Two hundred patients candidate for IVF/ICSI were randomized intro two group; AMH-basedprotocol group (n = 100) and traditional protocol group (n = 100).Results: There two groups were similar as regards the demographic features and baseline hormones. The antagonistprotocol was used more frequently in the AMH group compared to the traditional protocol group (62% vs. 19%, P = 0.03).The duration of stimulation was shorter and the total dose of gonadotropins was lower in the AMH group (10.2 ± 2.8 vs.11.7 ± 2.7, P = 0.05 and 2133.4 ± 432.5 vs. 2875.4 ± 465.7, P = 0.04, respectively). The clinical pregnancy rate (CPR)and live birth rate were higher in the AMH group compared to the control group (49.5% vs.30.7%, P = 0.001 and 43.3%vs.23.9%, P =0.001 respectively). In the AMH group, two cases were cancelled due to poor response and one case wascancelled due to moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) with freeze all embryos, while in the traditionalprotocol group, five cases were cancelled due to poor response and seven cases were cancelled due to moderate / severeOHSS (2% vs. 5%, P =0.002 and 1% vs. 7%, P = 0.001 respectively).Conclusion: AMH based protocol was significantly associated with improvement of CPR and live birth rate whilereducing the adverse outcomes such as OHSS and cycle cancellation rate in patients undergoing IVF/ICSI.


Small gardens in the urban areas are a sort of open spaces, where all people are able to experience the natural circumstance and cultivate flowers, fruits and vegetables even in a little amount. But in Korea the small gardens within urban areas aren"t secured legislatively. Accordingly, it is urgent to find out institutional device to secure legal cultivation of flowers, fruits and vegetables in urban areas, especially for those who manage small gardens self-sufficiently. In this context, it is examined the function of small gardens and then searched the lessons of german legislative device, "Bundeskleingartengesetz", how the small garden is created. managed and preserved in relation to the land use plan. For the application in Korea, a field survey was carried out with a method of resident"s interview to ask the garden use behavior and satisfaction. In this process, it was confirmed the user knowledge and experience of small gardens and the residents" participation. Finally, based on the results of these data, it is discussed about the social effect from the view of urban regeneration and suggested some legislative principles and devices.


Rather than through a neutral helicopter drop, new money enters the economy through expenditures of specific individuals, which changes relative prices. These relative-price changes, sometimes referred to as "first-round effects," are well documented. However, economists do not have a simple model that can capture them. To remedy this omission, I present a diagrammatic model with two different representative agents.


We measured radioactivity levels of 137Cs and 40K in crude drugs imported from Asian countries by γ-ray spectrometry using Ge detector — MCA. Concentrations of 137Cs in imported crude drugs were very low and close to the limits of detection (about 0.3 Bq/kg dry weight). Furthermore, the type of radioactivity absorbed differed among species. The concentration of 137Cs was high only in ASIASARI RADIX, whereas 40K concentrations were high in herb drugs such as PLANTAGINIS HERBA.


only four cases of minimal residual deafness among them. What Dr. Wrheatley does not take into account is the 233 cases who did not turn up at the follow-up; we have no means of knowing why they did not appear, but for all we know they might have included the "dissatisfied customers," and a self-selected series like this cannot be used to prove anything. There are three further points to note about this paper: first, that these were not average general practice cases, but cases referred to a consultant; second, that they were treated with crystalline penicillin injected twice daily for five days personally by a doctor or a nurse; and, third, that more than half of them had already perforated before being seen, so that free drainage was already present, a state of affairs which we all agree warrants antibiotic treatment.


High-accuracy pulse repetition interval(PRI) estimation is meaningful for enhancing the emitter-identification abilities of modern electronic intelligence(ELINT) systems.The maximum-likelihood estimate(MLE) of PRI can be obtained by locating the peak of periodogram of a point process signal used to model the sequence of the time-of-arrival(TOA) measurements.In this paper,a novel two-step numerical search strategy is proposed to search the peak of the periodogram to ensure maximum-likelihood estimation.Simulation results show that our algorithm outperforms the existing methods,especially under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR) or high pulse-missing-rate.


The Tax Reform Act of 1986 introduced a new tax subsidy for health insurance purchases by self-employed persons. This paper analyzes the changing patterns of insurance demand before and after this reform to generate new estimates of how the after tax price of insurance affects the discrete choice of whether to buy insurance. We employ both traditional regression models for insurance demand, in which after-tax price of insurance is an explanatory variable. as well as nonparametric tests that compare changes in insurance purchases by self-employed individuals with the coincident changes for other groups. Our analysis suggests that I one percent increase in the cost of insurance coverage reduces the probability that a self-employed household will be insured by as much as 1.8 percentage points.


Jitter, delay, and packet loss are the main factors impacting voice quality of interactive VoIP sessions on today's Internet. Such phenomena are often amplified when operating over mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), so providing VoIP services over this kind of networks represents a huge challenge. On one hand, the routing protocol used by a MANET plays a very important role on the performance of VoIP sessions. On the other hand, playout delay control algorithms play another crucial role on VoIP, and are helpful to smooth the effects of jitter and to improve the interactivity of VoIP sessions. Such playout delay control algorithms trade-off the time that voice packets spend in the receiver's buffer while keeping an acceptable packet loss rate. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of playout delay control algorithms for VoIP over MANETs by testing algorithms that are already widely accepted and stable on the Internet.


Complementary system converts subcooled liquid hydrogen or nitrogen to gas. The inherent induction heat losses of an electrical transformer are used in the vaporizing process. Transformer efficiency is improved in the process.


In this paper, a series of dynamic analyses is made on a partially concrete-filled steel box column, with considering the debond of the steel concrete interface. The numerical model of the column, in which the local buckling of the steel plate shall be preceded, is adopted in the analyses, because the out-of-plane deformation of the plate due to debond is considered to accelenate the local buckling of the plate. The analyses are made under two types of the seismic motions observed in the Chuetsu Earthquake in 2004; one is the main shock with the maximum ground motion of 1675.8 gal, and another one is the largest aftershock with 2035.6 gal. Debond is practiced by using the "interface elements" provided in the computer program package LUSAS. The results of the analysis indicate that larger displacement is arisen by the main shock rather than the aftershock although the aftershock has the larger ground acceleration.


Abstract : A high power blue-green dye laser has been pumped with an array of multiple-stage hypocycloidal-pinch (HCP) plasmas. The maximum untuned laser power obtained with LD490 dye exceeded 230kW with a pulse width of 1.0 microseconds (FWHM). The HCP pump source was energized by up to 4.2 kJ energy which was stored in the capacitor bank. The plasms temperature 7,250 K was obtained when the HCP was operated for the optimum laser output, The spectral efficiency of the absorbed radiation was 22% or 83% of the maximum efficiency of the optimum blackbody source. Finally the enhancement of LD490 dye laser output energy has been attemped with the spectrum conversion of HCP pumping light, The result indicates that the secondary dye BBQ enhanced laser output of LD490 dye by a factor of two. Keywordws include: Hypocycloid-pinch plasma, Blue-green Laser, LD490 dye, Iodine laser, Spectrum conversion of HCP pumping light.


WA"ANT to add a new dimension to your teaching? Then go "creative" and produce your own transparencies for overhead projection. For the classroom teacher in search of a new and exciting approach to encourage pupil participation and involvement, while at the same time generating a better climate for a more meaningful education process, projected transparencies may be the answer. We must assume here that one is concerned with the utilization of visual media to improve the learning of theory, as contrasted with the rote learning of abstract or isolated facts, facts that only tend to clutter the young mind instead of becoming a basis for added knowledge. The overhead projector has been for some time one of our more exciting and respected instructional devices. Recently, this type of projec tor has loomed into prominence, mainly because certain older trans parency-making techniques have been updated and simplified, and because new techniques have been introduced. Moreover, a new era in education has created an unprecedented demand for instructional media. Today, there are almost unlimited techniques, aids, equipment, ma terials, and publications for creating overhead transparencies, many of which have been developed with the novice "creator" in mind. For those interested in a more formal approach to acquiring the necessary techniques and skills, there are courses, workshops, and institutes offered by colleges, universities, and equipment and materials manufacturers.


PAIN is essentially indefinable. Sustained pain is purposeless. Its significance to the sufferer is in part determined by the context in which it appears. "Pain impoverishes man. The most enlightened mind becomes a poor wretch because of it, thrown back on himself, preoccupied with his affliction, selfishly indifferent to everything and everybody, obsessed by the fear that the pains will return." 1 Somerset Maugham recognized "that suffering did not ennoble, it degraded. It made men selfish, mean, petty and suspicious. It absorbed them in small things... It made them less than men." 2 Beecher 3,4 characterized pain in four ways: intensity, duration, significance, and the psychic reaction to the painful stimulus. Jones 5 added another facet, the quality of pain. This is clearly separable from quantity or intensity; the quality of pain consists in part of its significance to the patient and in part of the psychic reaction and yet


In the current work, the optical three-dimensional point-tracking (3DPT) measurement approach is used in conjunction with a recently developed modal expansion technique. These two approaches (empirical and analytical) complement each other and enable the prediction of the full-field dynamic response on the surface of the structure as well as within the interior points. The practical merit of the approach was verified using a non-spinning and spinning wind turbine rotor. The three-bladed wind turbine rotator was subjected to different loading scenarios and the displacement of optical targets located on the blades was measured using 3DPT. The measured displacement was expanded and applied to the finite element model of the turbine to extract full-field strain on the turbine. The sensitivity of the proposed approach to the number of optical targets was studied in this paper. It is shown the approach can accurately predict the strain even with very few set of measurement points.Copyright © 2015 by ASME


Deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) was made from sodium hydroxymethylglycinate latex (SH-latex) and ammonia latex (NH3-latex) by mixing with different forms of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The mixtures were stirred at room temperature followed by centrifugation to separate the denatured proteins. The optimized reaction contained 0.01 wt% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid tetrasodium (EDTA-4Na) with 1% SDS. The nitrogen contents of the DPNR from SH-latex and NH3-latex were reduced to 0.005 wt% and 0.008 wt%, respectively, compared to 0.551 wt% in the starting SH-latex and 0.587 wt% in the NH3-latex. SDS-PAGE analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy showed decomposition of latex proteins to peptides of smaller molecular weight. Physical properties of the DPNR rubber were studied. The novel EDTA-4Na treatment is considered an effective deproteinization method with potential application on both ammonia and nonammonia preservative systems.


This study reviewed the literature to evidence the scientific and technical aspects involved in sealing occlusal and proximal carious lesions. Many studies report that it is possible to arrest the progression of occlusal and proximal caries with noninvasive procedures. Thus, sealing may accomplish this effectively and preserve more dental tissue than traditional caries treatment methods. The technique used for sealing proximal caries is discussed step-by-step. This technique seems very promising for arresting caries progression in proximal surfaces but more studies are necessary since studies on the topic are few.


This paper mainly discusses on the application techniques of virtual reality in electronic commerce.A B/S structure which suits to virtual electronic shop is designed,the modeling technologies and implementation key are presented.The Internet issue is studied,too.


Monthly and annual estimates of mean freshwater inflow to the 143 square mile Narragansett Bay for water year 1987 (Oct. 1, 1986 through Sept. 30, 1987), and for long-term average conditions were required for use by other investigators. Fresh-water inflow consists of surface-water runoff from streams draining into the bay, and precipitation on the bay itself. About 63 percent of the land area within the 1,820 square mile drainage basin was monitored by streamflow-gaging stations prior to commencement of the study; the remainder was ungaged. Mean runoff to the basin, which includes the bay, during water year 1987 was estimated to be 4,860 ft3Is (cubic feet per second), with estimates of monthly mean runoff ranging from a low of 1,060 ft3Is in August, to a high of 14,400 ff Is in April. Long-term mean annual runoff to the basin was estimated to be 3,690 ft3/s, with long-term mean monthly estimates ranging from 1,820 ft3Is for July, to 6,540 ft3Is for March. The estimates were derived by summing the known runoff from gaged areas of the basin with estimates of runoff from ungaged land areas, diversions from gaged areas, and computed runoff equivalents of rainfall on the bay. The estimates of the 1987 water year and long-term mean annual runoff are both considered to be within 10 percent of actual. The estimates of the 1987 water year monthly mean and long-term mean monthly runoff are considered to be within 20 percent of actual and 15 percent of actual, respectively. The estimates of long-term runoff from ungaged areas of the basin were derived primarily by using multiple regression analyses. Long-term mean annual and mean monthly runoff data from 13 streamflowgaging stations located within or near the basin were used as the dependent variables in the analyses, which produced separate predictive equations for each month and for the mean annual runoff. Various physical characteristics of the drainage basins for the streamflow-gaging stations were used as the independent variables. Lengths of continuous records for the 13 stations ranged from 21 to 62 years, with a mean record length of 38 years. Techniques used to estimate runoff from ungaged areas of the basin for the 1987 water year include a previously unpublished method that uses linear regression to relate discharge measurements obtained monthly at an ungaged site to concurrent discharges at a nearby gaged site. Empirical tests of the method using data from gaging stations in the basin indicate that the average accuracy of the method is within 7 percent for annual estimates, and within 13 percent for monthly estimates.


The aim of the paper is to present three spatial pe rspectives for assessing microclimate and bio -thermal conditions of various types of urban spaces . The attention will be paid for evaluation how particular urban spaces influence people's physiolo gy and well being. The results of several bioclimatic studies will be discussed. The studies have been performed at various scales. We start from regional scale of Polish Lowland through urban scale of entire large cities up to individual residential. Depending of research scale the role o f various urban components in creating bio -thermal conditions will be discussed.


Trajectory prediction (TP) is of great importance for a wide range of location-based applications in intelligent transport systems, such as location-based advertising, route planning, traffic management, and early warning systems. In the last few years, the widespread use of GPS navigation systems and wireless communication technology enabled vehicles has resulted in huge volumes of trajectory data. The task of utilizing these data employing spatio-temporal techniques for TP in an efficient and accurate manner is an ongoing research problem. Existing TP approaches are limited to the short-term predictions. Moreover, they cannot handle a large volume of trajectory data for long-term prediction. To address these limitations, we propose a scalable clustering and Markov chain-based hybrid framework, called Traj-clusiVAT-based TP, for both short- and long-term TPs, which can handle a large number of overlapping trajectories in a dense road network. Traj-clusiVAT can also determine the number of clusters, which represent different movement behaviors in input trajectory data. In our experiments, we compare our proposed approach with a mixed Markov model-based scheme and a trajectory clustering, NETSCAN-based TP method for both short- and long-term TPs. We performed our experiments on two real, vehicle trajectory datasets, including a large-scale trajectory dataset consisting of 3.28 million trajectories obtained from 15 061 taxis in Singapore over a period of one month. The experimental results on two real trajectory datasets show that our proposed approach outperforms the existing approaches in terms of both short- and long-term prediction performances, based on the prediction accuracy and distance error (in km).


1 Building Jerusalem, p. 104. 2 The Victorian City: Images and Realities, ed. H. J. Dyos and Michael Wolff, 2 vols, London, 1973. 3 Building Jerusalem, pp. 173 and 195. 4 Donald J. Olsen, The Growth of Victorian London, London, 1976, especially chap. 8. 5 Building Jerusalem, p. 306. 6 On Croydon I've cited the entry in The Mayors of England & Wales (With Portraits of Mayors and Mayoresses), ed. F. A. Barnes, Brighton, 1902; on the other suburbs see (for example) Charles Jones, Ealing: From Village to Corporate Town, or Forty Years of Municipal Life, London, n.d. [c.1903]; Fifty Years a Borough 1886-1936: the Story of West Ham, ed. Donald McDougall, West Ham Borough Council, London, 1936; Alfred Stokes, East Ham: From Village to County Borough, London, 1933; Fred Fisk, The History of the Ancient Parish of Tottenham in the County of Middlesex. From Early Druidical Times, B.C., to A.D. 1923, London, 1923; Tottenham Past and Present, Tottenham Urban District Council, London, n.d. [c.1930]. David Reeder's essay on west London suburbia is 'A Theatre of Suburbs: Some Patterns of Development in West London, 1801-1911, in The Study of Urban History, ed. H. J. Dyos, London, 1968, pp. 253-71. 7 Some of this prejudice will no doubt be challenged in due time by the new School of Suburban Studies, a welcome addition to the resources of Kingston University. 8 See Phillip Edwards and John Flatley, The Capital Divided. Mapping Poverty and Social Exclusion in London, London, 1996; Bobby Duffy, Life Satisfaction and Trust in Other People, London, 2004 this doesn't identify suburbs as distinct from other areas, but when the negative drivers are put alongside the findings of The Capital Divided I think there's a reasonable inference that life satisfaction in the suburbs would be higher than in the inner city. 9 I'm echoing, of course, E. P. Thompson, The Making of the English Working Class, London, 1963, p. 12. 10 Rt Hon John Reid, MP, Localising the National Health Service: gaining greater equity through localism and diversity, New Local Government Network, London, n.d. [2003], pp. 22-3.


Inspired by recent advancement of ferroelectric-gated memories and transistors, we propose a design of ferroelectric-gated nanoplasmonic devices based on graphene sheets clamped in ferroelectric crystals. We show that the two-dimensional plasmons in graphene can strongly couple with the phonon-polaritons in ferroelectrics, leading to characteristic modal wavelength of the order of 100–200 nm at low temperature and low-THz frequencies albeit with an appreciable dissipation. By patterning the ferroelectrics into different domains, one can produce compact on-chip plasmonic waveguides, which exhibit negligible crosstalk even at 20 nm separation distance. Harnessing the memory effect of ferroelectrics, low-power operation can be achieved on these plasmonic waveguides.


The application of renewable energy sources, such as photovoltaic and wind energy sources, is rapidly increasing, especially in meeting energy demands in small isolated power systems located in remote areas. These energy sources can significantly offset costly fuel and can also have considerable impact on the system reliability. The rapid growth of renewable energy sources is mainly influenced by public support due to environmental concerns, leading to governmental policies implemented to promote renewable energy. With increasing applications of these types of energy sources, it becomes increasingly important to make decisions on their application based on realistic cost and reliability evaluation. This paper presents quantitative analyses to determine appropriate expansion of power systems when renewable energy sources are also considered.


Ordinary least squares regression analysis is used to develop a model for the Permian Basin rig count. Comparative analyses of various independent variables in linear, logarithmic and rate-of-change form indicate that approximately ninety percent of the variation in rig count can be explained using four independent variables. These variables represent Windfall Profits Tax, the maximum marginal personal income tax rate, crude oil price, and hourly wages of production workers in oil and gas extraction.


This article focuses on the study of the influence of ceiling materials to roof radiation heat exchange by CFD numerical simulation, which provides a theoretical basis for the choice of ceiling materials from the perspective of thermal properties.


Exposures to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) have been shown to be associated with decreased adult testosterone (T) levels and increased Leydig cell numbers. As yet, little is known about DEHP effects in utero on fetal Leydig cells (FLC). The present study investigated effects of DEHP on FLC function. Pregnant Long–Evans female rats received vehicle (corn oil) or DEHP at 10, 100, or 750 mg/kg by oral gavage from gestational day (GD)2–20. At GD21, T production, FLC numbers and distribution, and testicular gene expression were examined. The percentage of FLC clusters containing 6–30 cells increased in all treatment groups, with 29 ± 2% in control vs. 37 ± 3, 35 ± 3, and 56 ± 4% in rats receiving 10, 100, and 750 mg/kg DEHP, respectively. In contrast, FLC numbers were 33% and 39% lower than control after exposures to 100 and 750 mg/kg DEHP, respectively. At these doses, mRNA levels of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) increased. LIF was found to induce cell aggregation in FLCs in vitro, consistent with the hypothesis that DEHP induced FLC aggregation. Testicular T levels were doubled by the 10 mg/kg dose and halved at 750 mg/kg. The mRNA levels of IGF-1 and c-Kit ligand (KITL) were induced by 10 mg/kg DEHP. These results, taken together, indicate that fetal exposures to DEHP have effects on FLC number, distribution, and most importantly, steroidogenic capacity and suggest that abnormal expressions of IGF1, KITL, and LIF genes may contribute to the reproductive toxicity of phthalates.


SUMMARY Bulk milk with an apparently high electronic cell count (ECC) was found to have a normal cell count when the latter was determined directly with a microscope or when cell nuclei were counted with a Fossomatic apparatus. Particles in the form of collapsed spheres formed by aggregated casein micelles were found in bulk milk which accounted for the falsely high ECC values. The ECC value agreed with the values obtained by the other methods if the milk was heated to 55 °C for 15 min before fixation. The shape of the particles and the fact that they were only present after the milk had passed through the milking machine suggested that they may be produced as vacuum vacuoles arising from cavitation in the pump.


Coronal mass ejections (CMEs), a kind of energetic solar eruptions, are an integral subject of space weather research. Numerical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modeling, which requires powerful computational resources, is one of the primary means of studying the phenomenon. With increasing accessibility of such resources, grows the demand for user‐friendly tools that would facilitate the process of simulating CMEs for scientific and operational purposes. The Eruptive Event Generator based on Gibson‐Low flux rope (EEGGL), a new publicly available computational model presented in this paper, is an effort to meet this demand. EEGGL allows one to compute the parameters of a model flux rope driving a CME via an intuitive graphical user interface. We provide a brief overview of the physical principles behind EEGGL and its functionality. Ways toward future improvements of the tool are outlined.


We prove that every infinite type surface without boundary and finite genus has a Riemann surface structure such that its modular group of quasiconformal homeomorphisms is countable.


Capital adequacy is critical to the safety and soundness of banks as it serves as a buffer or cushion for absorbing losses. This study examined the determinants of capital adequacy of deposit money banks in Nigeria. The study adopted correlation research design in a sample of 9 banks for a period of five years (2014-2019). Random effect regression technique of data analysis was employed, and the study found a signicant association between capital adequacy ratio and the determinants of capital adequacy of banks in Nigeria. The study found that firm performance (ROA) of the sample deposit money banks has significant positive impact on the capital adequacy ratio (CAR). The results show that bank size (BSZE) of the sample deposit money banks has significant positive effect on the capital adequacy ratio (CAR). And, also loan to deposit ratio (LDR) of the sample deposit money banks has significant positive impact on the capital adequacy ratio (CAR). The study concludes that ROA, BSZE and LDR are significant determinants of capital adequacy of banks in Nigeria during the period under review. The study recommends that regulators (CBN) should encourage banks to improve on their size, financial performance and enhanced risk assets (loans and advances). Management of deposit money banks in Nigeria should deploy more strategies that could improve the capital adequacy of their banks, so as to ensure sound banking industry in Nigeria.


Recently, machine learning has been developing rapidly. There is no doubt that data plays an important role in machine learning. However, it is hard to make full use of the data from a large amount of nodes to collaboratively train a good model with data privacy preserving. In this paper, we study and analyze several decentralized machine learning algorithms regarding to privacy protection, and propose a smart contract-based decentralized federated learning algorithm. We also propose a decentralized topology-based machine learning algorithm to solve the problems caused by star-topology network. Based on it, we further present a novel method of model aggregation based on distillation to break the conventional constrain of federated learning the models of different nodes shall have the same network structure. We also use several methods to generate synthetic dataset from raw dataset to train models with data privacy protected. Finally, we analyze and compare different distributed machine learning algorithms through the experiments.


This article reviews various options for tax reform, emphasizing that the choice of tax rates and tax base are separate issues for achieving different things. Liberals generally support progressive rates and an income base, while conservatives generally support a flat rate on a consumption base. But there is no reason why we couldn't have progressive rates on a consumption base or a flat rate on an income base. By mixing and matching it may be possible to simultaneously achieve liberal and conservative tax reform goals.


The Angus L. Macdonald Bridge, a major suspension bridge that crosses Halifax Harbour in Halifax, Nova Scotia, was opened for traffic in 1955. The bridge deck has reached the end of its service life, and the design of the new bridge superstructure and its replacement sequence have been completed. The entire suspended structure and hangers will be replaced sequentially during night closures while the bridge will be opened for traffic during daytime. The erection sequence has been supported by sophisticated automated erection analysis models which take into account the geometry of the existing bridge, positioning of the erection equipment on the deck, and necessary hanger and strand jack adjustments. Significant wind tunnel testing and analysis have been performed to ensure aerodynamic stability of the bridge during erection and in its final condition.


Thank you very much for reading the miraculous fever tree malaria medicine and the cure that changed the world. As you may know, people have search numerous times for their favorite readings like this the miraculous fever tree malaria medicine and the cure that changed the world, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some malicious virus inside their desktop computer.


In Venezuela, both local and national governments created a parallel national health system, Mission Barrio Adentro (MBA), that placed some 33,000 health professionals, initially Cubans, in low-income neighborhoods. Ethnographic research and interviews suggest that MBA provided access to healthcare and gained popular support due the combined effects of social movements of the poor; collaborations between community workers, residents, public health officials and politicians; integration of healthcare with social and economic programs; physicians' residence in low-income neighborhoods; positive, egalitarian doctor-patient interactions; the crucial role of neighborhood Health Committees; and the impact of hostility from the press, a large segment of Venezuelan doctors, and the Opposition in converting MBA into a major political issue. This case suggests that the State can confront health inequities effectively when policies are generated within underserved communities by fusing social medicine and critical epidemiology perspectives with those of residents. Flexible, non-bureaucratic, and creative institutional structures enhance effectiveness.


In order to improve the efficiency and scientificity of the allocation of feeder flights, this paper applies the theory of dynamic programming to the decision-making of feeder flight time allocation, establishes the assignment model with the objective function as the largest contribution to the network, collects flight time information data and makes full use of flight time. Resources to maximize the economic benefits of airlines. Taking the flight time allocation of each airport in the three provinces as an example, the factors and principles of flight time setting are introduced. Combined with the flight time of historical data, the time configuration model is established and simulated by Matlab.


In this project we will look at the properties of phylogenetic trees when the model of evolution we assume is uniform, namely the transition probability matrix is the same at all edges of the tree. We will see that in this case a number of linear algebraic invariants arise naturally from the model and can even fully describe the topology of the tree when all the leafs of the tree are situated at the same depth. Finally we will present the results of some numerical experiments that were conducted using the software package Macaulay I.


Path finding is one of those required elements of the computer network. Any path finding algorithm will work as long as there are no obstacles or distractions along the way. If there is an obstacle, then the character needs to figure out a way to move around and still reach the goal. In this paper, we have simulated the existing path-finding algorithms and state that A* is the most popular choice for path-finding and it is very flexible and can be used in a wide range of contexts.


While nanotechnology is a highly engaging topic for students, it entails concepts that are difficult to understand and need to be carefully considered when incorporating nanotechnology into classroom instruction. The notion of size and scale (also referred to as a "big idea" in learning nanoscale engineering & science) is a fundamental concept for understanding nanotechnology, but is also a difficult concept for students to grasp. This study was guided by the following research question: How do student teams communicate their ideas concerning size and scale concepts through their nanotechnology-based design projects? This study was conducted within a first-year engineering course at Purdue University. Students were required to create a graphical-user interface to communicate fundamental concepts of nanotechnology, including size and scale, to their peers. The final submissions of 30 teams were analyzed in this study through grounded theory. It was found that 27 teams presented content about scale and 12 teams presented content about size. Methods to scaffold students' learning of nanotechnology size and scale concepts are discussed.


Doctor of Philosophy in Mechanical Engineering. Thesis (Ph.D.)--Eastern Mediterranean University, Faculty of Engineering, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2017. Co-Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Ghulan Husain, Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Majid Hashemipour


On the foundation of investigation and analysis about college students' employment psychological tendency,the paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from four aspects,such as boosting up College students' employment-obtaining competitive strength,building up correct career value,strengthening the pertinency of college students' career guidance,carrying through experience-employment-obtaining-education,etc.,aims to do better on college students' career-guidance job and helps college students' obtain employment successfully.


The literature on corporate misconduct has long established that directors are apportioned some blame for corporate misconduct events. However, this research has primarily focused on a few limited types of corporate wrong-doing that are associated with directors explicit mandated tasks. The extent to which directors are accountable for a misconduct event that is more tangential to their mandated roles and is considered an implied ethical responsibility is underexplored. We argue, and provide evidence from a unique sample of personal integrity indiscretions by executives, that stakeholders will hold executives accountable for executive misconduct. We find director exit is substantially greater than matched non-incident firms and that director departure is greater when media attention and criticism are higher. Unlike in other types of incidents when the board may allay some concerns by firing the CEO, we show that director exit is greater when the CEO is also dismissed presumably because this may be related...


BACKGROUND
Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) bracts were agricultural wastes formed during artichoke processing. Artichoke bracts were used in fermented cereal soup tarhana to replace 10, 20, and 30% of wheat flour and functional, powder, sensory properties and volatile compounds of tarhana samples were investigated.

RESULTS
The use of artichoke bracts in tarhana increased total (8.37-17.17 g/100 g) and insoluble dietary fiber (5.84-14.09 g/100 g), total phenolic content (2.88-3.62 mg GAE/g), and antioxidant activity (3.07-3.86 μmol TE/g) values. Replacement of wheat flour by artichoke bracts resulted in lower L*, a*, b* values. While water absorption capacity increased, oil absorption capacity and emulsifying activity was not affected by artichoke bracts replacement. Artichoke bracts replacement in tarhana influenced powder characteristics as, decrease in bulk density, increase in Carr index, wettability, and dispersibility values. Volatiles from terpene are most abundant (64.47-27.17 mg/kg) in tarhana containing artichoke bracts, followed by volatiles from ester (42.91-25.85 mg/kg). Limonene was main volatile compound of tarhana samples.

CONCLUSION
Sensory acceptable tarhana was obtained when up to 30% artichoke bracts were used as wheat flour replacer in tarhana. The contribution to sustainability was achieved, and a healthier tarhana rich in dietary fiber was obtained by using artichoke bracts in tarhana. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Present study has been conducted to analyse the current status of talent development in Guangxi Beibu Bay Economic Zone.Certain degree of regional competitiveness in the way of talent development has been observed in this zone.The local talent development was found to be extremely unbalanced and dependent on input efforts,working and training platforms,social and working environment.It was put forward that diverse input efforts for talent development should be implemented,platform for high-level trainings should be developed and existing ones should be rectified accordingly.Congenial environment for working should be created,management system for talent training and employment should be improved,and assessment and monitoring mechanism should be constructed.


Submitted for the GEC05 Meeting of The American Physical Society Two-dimensional numerical study of atmospheric pressure glows in helium1 PENG ZHANG, UWE KORTSHAGEN, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota — Atmospheric pressure glow discharges (APGs) have attracted significant attention due to their spatially homogenous plasma properties. Unfortunately, at atmospheric pressure a glow discharge has a strong tendency to transform into a non-uniform filamentary dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). The transition between filamentary DBDs and uniform APGs is studied by a two-dimensional fluid model. The results show that the discharge structure is affected by many operating parameters, including the dielectric constant and the thickness of the barriers, the driving frequency, and the voltage amplitude. For instance, an increase in the applied low-frequency voltage leads to an increase in the number of plasma filaments. In addition, the influence of the gas properties such as the ionization coefficient, and the mobility and diffusion coefficients of charge carriers is investigated. It is found that a uniform glow discharge is more easily achieved in a gas with higher ionization coefficient at a relatively low electric field. The ion transport properties have a larger influence on the discharge structure than those of the electrons. 1This work is supported by the Department of Energy under grant DE-FG0200ER54583 and by the University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute. Uwe Kortshagen University of Minnesota Date submitted: 08 Jun 2005 Electronic form version 1.4


Entity classification, like many other important problems in NLP, involves learning classifiers over sparse highdimensional feature spaces that result from the conjunction of elementary features of the entity mention and its context. In this paper we develop a low-rank regularization framework for training maxentropy models in such sparse conjunctive feature spaces. Our approach handles conjunctive feature spaces using matrices and induces an implicit low-dimensional representation via low-rank constraints. We show that when learning entity classifiers under minimal supervision, using a seed set, our approach is more effective in controlling model capacity than standard techniques for linear classifiers.


New Ag+ conducting glasses, with the [PO2.5-2 TlO0.5]1−x[AglαTlI1−α]x formula are shown. The structure consists of a covalent (PO2.5-2 TlO0.5) network and an iodide (AglαTlI1−α) sublattice with only weak interactions between them. Using the (AgI0.75 TlI0.25) eutectic iodide mixture allows to prepare glasses with high Agl contents (αx) and very good ionic conductivities: σ25°C ≈ 3 × 10−2 Ω−1 cm−1 for the material of [PO2.5-2 TlO0.5]0.14[AgI0.75TlI0.25]0.86 composition.


In this paper,the features of cylindrical structures are analyzed,and then a scheme of 4-axis simultaneous motion controlled automated tape laying(ATL) manufacturing is advanced for them.Furthermore,the scheme is illustrated in the model of a horizontal ATL machine.By the D-H method,the paper proposes a method to calculate the feed amount of the joints during the manufacturing process of cylindrical components when the trajectory path is designed by the fixed angle method.The solution is made observing two principles: to guarantee that the pressure direction of the ATL head is parallel to the normal direction of the molding surface in the tape laying place,and to guarantee the tape is laid in a constant tape laying rate.In addition,the scheme is examined in detail in terms of system and controlling,tape laying rate,manufacture efficiency and feasibility.According to reverse kinematics,the scheme is further discussed by kinematic analysis,visual simulation and experiment trials.Finally,the conclusion is made that the low-cost 4-axis simultaneous motion controlled ATL manufacturing method can be applied to manufacturing composite components in cylindrical structures in experiments and small-scale production where requirement for production rate is not demanding.


The method of simultaneous determination of inorganic anions, inorganic cations and organic acids by single-column anion chromatography was described. An anion-exchange column was employed for separation with conductivity detection. EDTA was used as eluent. The eluent pH should be controlled in the range of 5.5-7. 5. Linear plots of logarithm of the adjusted retention time of the ions vs. the logarithm of the concentration of the eluent were obtained. The detection limits, variation coefficient and calibration curve for those substances were obtained at eluent concentration of 0. 5 mmol/L and pH=7. 0. The method was applied to analyzing chloride. calcium and oxalic acid in Ringer's injection with satisfactory results.


Total variation denoising is a nonlinear filtering method well suited for the estimation of piecewise-constant signals observed in additive white Gaussian noise. The method is defined by the minimization of a particular nondifferentiable convex cost function. This letter describes a generalization of this cost function that can yield more accurate estimation of piecewise constant signals. The new cost function involves a nonconvex penalty (regularizer) designed to maintain the convexity of the cost function. The new penalty is based on the Moreau envelope. The proposed total variation denoising method can be implemented using forward–backward splitting.


Gondang Sabangunan, which consists of: Taganing, Gordang, Sarune, Ogung Oloan, Ogung Ihutan, Ogung Panggora, and Hesek, tools that serve as an announcement to the public that there are parents who died saurmatua. Saurmatua is the death of the person who died had populate both boys and girls. Suhut would make the perfect custom event at the event in accordance with Dalihan saurmatua Na Tolu, such a thing is not necessarily carried out at the sarimatua because of his descendants still not perfect in terms of kinship. For this study aims to know the meaning of symbols of the social object Gondang Sabangunan funerals Saurmatua the Toba Batak people in Pekanbaru, the meaning of symbols of the physical object Gondang Sabangunan funerals Saurmatua the Toba Batak people in Pekanbaru, and the values of what is contained in Saurmatua funeral ceremony in Toba Batak people in Pekanbaru. Research using qualitative research method that produces descriptive data in the form of words written or spoken of the people and behaviors that can be observed. This study uses a theoretical approach of Symbolic Interaction. Informants in this study consisted of traditional leaders, Sabangunan Gondang music players and the community that follows the funeral ceremony saurmatua. The results showed that the symbolic meaning Gondang Sabangunan funerals saurmatua in Batak Toba community in Pekanbaru there are three premises: first the meaning of symbols on social objects in the house that ceremony (upacara dijabu) and the house or yard ceremony (upacara maralaman), the second is meaning of symbols on the object is physical instruments contained in Gondang Sabangunan consists of Taganing, Gordang, Sarune, Ogung Panggora, Ogung Oloan, Ogung Ihutan, Hesek. These three values contained in funerals saurmatua namely social values, religious values, family values. Keywords : Gondang Sabangunan, The meaning of symbols, Ceremony Saurmatua


Relevance models in relevance research is the main research issue in information retrieval and information science.
Relevance research of information retrieval can be divided into the system-oriented school and the user-oriented
schoo1.The evaluation of relevance is closely related to user's experiences, cognitive status and thinking, and includes
the interaction of several level. On this basis, a four-dimension model (information resource, representation of user
problem time and components) and an interactive model are critically illuminated. A better understanding of the
cognitive model, the episode model and the stratified model is of great importance to the interactive model.


In modern power systems, it is more and more important to assess in a very short time the security of the system, checking the ability of the network to sustain possible contingencies. The paper presents a symbolic approach to an efficient implementation of the factorization, applied to the well-known Cholesky factorization, that turns out to be useful especially when there is the need to factorize several matrices with the same sparsity structure, as in case of security studies.