This master thesis focuses to marketing communication of a developer with its primary target group during selling residential complex. It analyzes current residential market in the Czech republic, describes evolution of it, points out Zlinský and Olomoucký kraj. The thesis analyzes demand and offer of residential market, target group and price level in both regions. In the practical part, the thesis recommends communication mix of promising projects based on results of the analysis.


Zooplankton samples (May, 1991) from neritic and oceanic waters off the eastern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula, produced 70 species of pelagic copepods, Undinula vulgaris, Farranula gracilis , Calanus minor and Temora turbinat a were dominant (more than 60% of individuals). Mean diversity was moderate (2.48 bits/ind.). Clustering with the Bray Curtis Index suggests absence of a definite gradient in the local copepod community; coastal species were recorded well inside the oceanic zone and vice versa. This may result from mixing of coastal and shelf water with oceanic water because of (1) the narrowness of the platform and (2) the effect of the local mesoscale circulation pattems


Poor natural resource endowments and limited and inequitable access to productive natural resources is one of the most important drivers of poverty in rural areas. The vicious circle of poverty could not be broken even after planned effort for bringing improvement in the living standard of the rural masses. Despite marginal improvements, resources poor people find it more difficult to exit poverty. In recent years backyard poultry has recognized as an effective tool for poverty alleviation in the rural areas. The role of backyard poultry farming in sustaining and enhancing poor peoples' livelihoods in developing countries is well recognized among the development community (Ahuja et al., 2008). There is also growing evidence to demonstrate the role of backyard poultry in enhancing the food and nutrition security of the poorest households, reducing the livelihood vulnerability and insecurity, and promotion of gender equity (Ahuja, 2004; Ahuja and Sen, 2007). However, the level of monthly income from backyard poultry is low still it is an important source of supplementing earnings. It provides eggs and meat for family consumption and, to some extent, cash income thereby, enhances rural livelihoods. Realizing the potential offered by backyard poultry farming Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bundi initiated to promote backyard poultry through various schemes. In order to stimulate economic growth of resource poor household poultry birds of dual purpose breed Pratapdhan were provided to small and marginal farmers and landless labourers on subsidized rate in rural areas. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 4 (2017) pp. 1412-1415 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Summary: Thir!-lwo outochthonous coses of Schistosomo haemotobium are reported from Ghore As-Sofi, Korok lcwlonds, Jordon. All infected persons were moles {9'46 yeorsold). New unusuol breeding sites for Bultnus truncotus ore discovered. The post ond current distribution of the snoil iniermediote host is given.


This paper presents the design of a parallel digital computer utilizing a 20-?sec core memory and a diode storage microprogram unit. The machine is intended as an on-line controller and is organized for ease of maintenance. A word length of 19 bits provides 31 orders referring to memory locations. Fourteen bits are used for addressing, 12 for base address, one for index control, and one for indirect addressing. A 32nd order permits the address bits to be decoded to generate special functions which require no address. The logic of the machine is resistor-transistor; the arithmetic unit is a bus structure which permits many variants of order structure. In order to make logical decisions, a ``general-purpose'' logic unit has been incorporated so that the microcoder has as much freedom in this area as in the arithmetic unit.


The field of process mining deals with the extraction of knowledge from event logs. One task within the area of process mining entails the discovery of process models to represent real-life behavior as observed in day-to-day business activities. A large number of such process discovery algorithms have been proposed during the course of the past decade, among which techniques to mine declarative process models (e.g. Declare and AGNEs Miner) as well as evolutionary based techniques (e.g. Genetic Miner and Process Tree Miner). In this paper, we present the initial results of a newly proposed evolutionary based process discovery algorithm which aims to discover declarative process models, hence combining these two classes (declarative and genetic) of discovery techniques. To do so, we herein use a language bias similar to the one found in AGNEs Miner to allow for the conversion from a set of declarative control-flow based constraints (determining the conditions which have to be satisfied to enable to execution of an activity) to a procedural process model, i.e. a Petri net, though this language bias can be extended to include data-based constraints as well.


The present invention discloses a nano-electronic paint, comprising a bisphenol A type epoxy resin 50-60% solids, bisphenol A-type liquid epoxy resin 2-10% hardener 3-5%, 3-5% anti-Whitewater , 15-25% calcium carbonate, nano-silica 1-2% and 5-15% titanium dioxide. The method for preparing nano electronic paint as follows: First, a bisphenol A type epoxy resin 50-60% solids, bisphenol A-type liquid epoxy resin 2-10%, 15-25% calcium carbonate, nano-silica 1-2%, 5-15% titanium dioxide and 3-5% curing agent were mixed and left for 10 to 36 hours after mixing for 2 to 5 hours; 3-5% anti-white water was then added and mixed by stirring for 3 to 5 hours, evacuated degassing. The present invention selected solid bisphenol A type epoxy resin and bisphenol A type liquid epoxy resin combined, and with the corresponding curing agents, solvents and fillers proportioning optimization related to the obtained coating has cured time is short, high temperature, flame resistance, high toughness and high strength and erosion characteristics.


The market situation of brand Liushen is analyzed. Liushen national brand culture, strategy of the product, the place in the market as well as the extension of the product are related. The advantages of the brand Liushen and also the challenges it faced in the market competition are pointed out, the development trend of the brand is prospected.


The use of herbicides, pesticides, and other chemicals in agricultural fields increases the concentration of chemicals in streams which severely affects the health of human and environment. The transport of chemical pollutants into river or streams is not straight forward but complex function of applied chemicals and land use patterns in a given river or stream basin. The factors responsible for transport of chemicals may be considered as inputs and chemical concentration measurements in streams as outputs. Each of these inputs and outputs may contain measurement errors. Present work uses characteristics of fuzzy sets to address uncertainties in inputs by incorporating overlapping membership functions for each of inputs even for limited data availability situations. The fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm is used for the optimization of membership functions of fuzzy rule based models for the estimation of diffuse pollution concentration in streams. The general methodology for estimate of diffuse pollution in streams is presented. The application of the proposed methodology is illustrated with real data to estimate the diffuse pollution concentration in a stream system due to application of a typical herbicide, atrazine, in corn fields with limited data availability. The limited performance evaluation of the methodology was found to work better than artificial neural network, and traditional regression models. Solution results establish that developed fuzzy rule base model with FCM is potentially capable for the estimation of diffuse pollution concentration values in water matrices with sparse data situations.


Arterial roadways are designed to provide both accessibility and mobility to the users. Arterials play a very important role in the roadway system, due to the variety of their functions and their role in connecting various roadway facilities (freeway - arterial; arterial - arterial; arterial - collector - local street). The objective of this study is to develop analytical models that estimate arterial link travel time considering mid-block delays. Simulation was the primary tool used for model development. A limited amount of field data were collected for simulation model calibration in two-lane two-way and two-lane one-way arterial streets. An experimental design was constructed to expand the database. Regression analysis was applied for the development of the analytical models of mid-block delay. The results of the analysis yielded different equations for the mid-block delay depending on whether the arterial is operating under congested or uncongested conditions.


Abstract Introduction Glass-fiber posts are used in order to improve the retention of restorations in endodontically treated teeth. Objective To evaluate the bond strength of glass-fiber posts submitted to different surface treatments and cemented to the root canal dentin with self-adhesive resin cement. Material and method Thirty roots of human canines were prepared and divided according to two factors: surface treatments (silane, 35% hydrogen peroxide, or sodium bicarbonate) and root thirds (cervical and middle thirds). The glass-fiber posts were cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (RelyX U200). After 24 h, the specimens were prepared for microtensile bond strength test (hourglass format), fracture pattern and micromorphological assessment by scanning electronic microscopy, in order to measure the cement line. Result The data (MPa and µm) were submitted to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 5%). The surface treatments influenced the bond strength of the posts cemented with self-adhesive resin cement (p<0.00). The mean bond strength (standard deviations) differed according to the region of root dentin (p<0.00): the cervical region (Control: 19.16MPa (3.71); Silane: 25.65MPa (4.04); Hydrogen peroxide: 24.43MPa (3.16); Sodium bicarbonate: 37.42MPa (8.27)) showed higher bond strength values than the middle third of the root (Control: 14.66MPa (4.65); Silane: 12.52MPa (5.03); Hydrogen peroxide: 10.64MPa (3.33); Sodium bicarbonate: 10.87MPa (2.49)). Conclusion Treatment of the glass-fiber post surface with chemical and physical agents increased the bond strength of the cement-post-dentin interface in the cervical third and the treatment with Sodium bicarbonate showed better results in bond strength.


Although the processes and types of gases are the same in refineries around globe; the design and installation of the electrical equipment will vary in order to comply with the selected installation requirements.


The BBC asked Professor Kerr to give a series of talks on his personal attitudes, as a Christian, toward Islam. These vignettes, selected from that series, are suggestive of ways that we can, by our involvement with Muslims, in their world or ours, appreciate and profit by the positive values of their faith. Far from diluting our own Christian faith, such contacts may serve to enhance it, as Dr. Kerr found. This kind of purposeful involvement may be a necessary first step toward achieving the higher level of respect that is a crucial prerequisite to effective Christian-Muslim encounter in our day.


This paper discusses how the need to achieve external equilibrium constrains short-run macroeconomic policy. A distinction is made between the external balance constraint - which requires the elimination of external deficits - and the financing constraint. Under the former, adjustment can be gradual and any output contraction can be avoided by a combination of expenditure-reducing and expenditure-switching policies. Economic recession may be unavoidable under a financing constraint because adjustment must be immediate. This is shown to be the case both in Argentina and Mexico, and to a lesser extent, in Brazil. The paper shows that the path of stabilization that minimizes adjustment costs is sensitive to the dynamic structure of the particular economy. Copyright 1994 by Scottish Economic Society.


This article tries to explain the process of the Tribunal of the Inquisition of Zaragoza against the explanation of the Art of Ramon Llull at the University in 1610. Master Agustin Nunez Delgadillo taught the Art of Ramon Llull but the Chancellor and the Senate forbade doing it. However, Philip II had protected Lullism and encouraged its explanation in several places, especially in Alcala. In order to better understand the process, it is explained by contextualization of the historical references and by the clarification of the difficult relationship among the King of Spain, the Pope and the different ideological trends and interests of the Roman Catholic Church and the interests of the different Spanish Kingdoms.


-The daily activity patterns of adult and juvenile six-lined racerunners Cnemidophorus sexlineatus were studied over four thermally distinct seasons in 1984. Adult lizards comprised most of the population early in the year while juveniles made up most of the population late in the year. Adult activity shifted from a unimodal pattern in spring to a bimodal pattern in early summer and juvenile activity shifted from a bimodal pattern in late summer to a unimodal pattern in autumn. However, chi-square analyses showed that the differences in activity pattern among seasons were not significant for either age-class. Lizard activity was correlated with ground temperature only in the cooler seasons: spring in case of adults, autumn in case of juveniles, suggesting that once the environment has warmed enough to allow lizards to maintain their preferred body temperatures other factors influence activity. There were no significant differences in the activity patterns of the two age-classes in any season; however, the peak of juvenile daily activity in spring (the only time of year when both age-classes were present in similar numbers) occurred earlier in the day than that of adults, presumably because of size-related differences in heating rates.


In the present work, we emphasize the studies about integrins and their receptors in pig placental interface at different times of gestation. Uterine placental interface (n = 24) of 17, 30, 60 and 70 days of gestation (dg) and non-pregnant uterus (n = 4) of crossbred sows were used. The presence of αvβ3 (ITGAV (integrin subunit alpha V) ITGB3 (integrin subunit beta 3)) and α5β1 (ITGA5 (integrin subunit alpha V) ITGB3 (integrin subunit beta 3)) integrins, and their ligands fibronectin (FN) and osteopontin (OPN/ SPP1), was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the immunolabeled area percentage (IAP) and the optical density (OD) were determined. The integrins and its ligands analyzed have presented peaks of expression in early and mid-gestation, both in IAP and in the OD area, decreasing at 70 dg. These temporal changes showed us that the molecules studied in this work participate in embryo/feto–maternal attachment, variably. Besides, we found a significant correlation both in the intensity and in the extension of immunostaining for trophoblastic FN and endometrial αvβ3, and trophoblastic OPN and endometrial α5β1, throughout the entire pig pregnancy. At late gestation, there is notable placental remodeling with subsequent removal or renewal of folds at the uterine–placental interface that results in the loss of focal adhesions. The decrease of the expression of some integrins and their ligands in late gestation, particularly at 70 dg, would demonstrate that there would be other adhesion molecules and other ligands that could be participating in the establishment of the maternal–fetal interface. Lay summary To carry a successful pregnancy, the formation of the placenta in pigs depends on adhesion molecules. Some of these molecules called integrins bind to other molecules such as fibronectin (FN) and osteopontin (OPN/SPP1). The variation in those molecule amounts during gestation would indicate which molecule is participating and what role it plays in pregnancy. We worked with pig placentas of early, mid- and late- gestation and non-pregnant uteruses. αvβ3 (ITGAV (integrin subunit alpha V) ITGB3 (integrin subunit beta 3)) and α5β1 (ITGA5 (integrin subunit alpha 5) ITGB1 (integrin subunit beta 1)) integrins, FN and OPN were found until mid-gestation but not at late gestation, suggesting that other types of molecules have a role in the last period of gestation.


This paper examines two controversies arising within classical electromagnetism which are relevant to the optical trapping and micromanipulation community. First is the Abraham-Minkowski controversy, a debate relating to the form of the electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor in dielectric materials, with implications for the momentum of a photon in dielectric media. A wide range of alternatives exist, and experiments are frequently proposed to attempt to discriminate between them. We explain the resolution of this controversy and show that regardless of the electromagnetic energy-momentum tensor chosen, when material disturbances are also taken into account the predicted behaviour will always be the same. The second controversy, known as the plane wave angular momentum paradox, relates to the distribution of angular momentum within an electromagnetic wave. The two competing formulations are reviewed, and an experiment is discussed which is capable of distinguishing between the two.


Web services let programs submit requests to other programs over the Internet via open protocols and standards. Many traditional Web sites, including popular search engines like Google and large online bookstores are boosting their traffic through Web service APIs. A single Internet application can invoke many different Web services - for example, the metasearch engine WebSifter uses several online ontologies to refine a user's request into a more meaningful query and then submits that query to various search engines in parallel. We call such applications composite Web services. Many important challenges stem from the quality-of-service issues in composite Web services. We address the impact of slow services on the overall response time of a transaction that uses several Web services in parallel.


Lower limb varicose veins are a common disease that affects almost a quarter of the adult population. They are one of the commonest conditions requiring intervention. They affect women more frequently than men, and are reported in 20-60% of the general population. Approximately one million people in the United Kingdom are affected with VV. Nearly half a million seek advice from their primary care practitioner about VV in the lower limbs and their related symptoms every year. Of those, 75,000 patients receive some form of intervention. It is estimated that surgical treatment of varicose veins are responsible for 54000 hospital episodes per year in England. They constitute a large part of elective surgical waiting lists [1, 2 and 3].


This article looks at innovative services that deploy intelligent transportation systems in rural areas. Adapting urban intelligent transportation systems to improve rural transit services raises problems that involve operations, staffing, and financing, as well as service coordination, data management, and communications infrastructure. Several successes and initiatives are showing the way.


Polyurethane-urea elastomers prepared in an uniform temperature field were treated thermally in graded temperature field.A series of samples were obtained by changing magnitude of temperature gradient and time.FTIR technique was used to characterize the microphase separation of the samples.The results indicate that the degree of microphase separation within the samples increases gradually from the lower-temperature end to the higher end.Moreover,increasing the heat treatment temperature gradient or time will lead to the increase of the gradient of degree of microphase separation.Tensile tests show that heat treatment enhances the tensile strength but decreases the elongation at breaking point.Elongation properties of samples are related to their gradient of microphase separation degree.


BACKGROUND
The epidemiologic trends of cutaneous melanoma are similar in several countries with a Western-type life style, where there is a progressive increasing incidence and a low but not decreasing mor- tality, or somewhere an increase too, especially in the older age groups. Also in Tuscany there is a steady rise in incidence with prevalence of in situ and invasive thin melanomas, with also an increase of thick melanomas. It is necessary to reduce the frequency of thick melanomas to reduce specific mortality.

OBJECTIVE AND METHODS
The objective of the current survey has been to compare, in the Tuscany population, by a case- case study, thin and thick melanoma cases, trying to find out those personal and tumour characteristics which may help to customize preventive interventions. RESULTS The results confirmed the age and the lower edu- cation level are associated with a later detection. The habit to perform skin self-examination is resulted protec- tive forward thick melanoma and also the diagnosis by a doctor. The elements emerging from the survey allow to hypothesize a group of subjects resulting at higher risk for a late diagnosis, aged over 50 and carrier of a fewer constitutional and environmental risk factors: few total and few atypical nevi, and lower sun exposure and burning. It is assumable that a part of people did not be reached from messages of prevention because does not recognize oneself in the categories of people at risk for skin cancers described in educational cam- paigns.

CONCLUSIONS
If we want to obtain better results on diagnosis of skin melanoma we have to think a new strategy. At least to think over the educational messages discriminating people more at risk of incidence of melanoma from people more at risk to die from melanoma, and to renewed active involvement of the Gen- eral Practitioners .


This research is focused on a complex low-grade Pb-Zn tailings with deep oxidation and high content of Fe and Si.Sulphidized-xanthogenate method and Sulphized-amine method are used to flotation of PbO and ZnO respectively.In case of Pb 2.54% and Zn 3.86% in feed,the process obtained a Pb concentrate of 41.43% Pb with a recovery of 67.50% and a Zn concentrate of 40.31% Zn with a recovery of 73.72% respectively.


We examine some efficient numerical approximations for hyperbolic systems of conservation laws. The approximations are constructed by hybridizing simple, accurate centered difference schemes (for use in smooth regions), with sophisticated shock capturing schemes (for use only in narrow zones near shocks and other singularities). The switching strategies we consider are very flexible in allowing one to choose schemes independently for different regions of the flow. The resulting hybrid schemes need not be conservative. But numerical examples in one dimension demonstrate that if the switching strategy is cautious (e.g., if switching is prohibited too close to shocks), then high accuracy can be achieved for both shock speeds and smooth regions. For one switching strategy in particular it is easy to prove convergence to the entropy solution.


Combining sparse bayesian learning(SBL) with compressed sensing(CS),a new method of reconstruction for compressed images with contaminated measurements is presented.This method regards the process of image reconstruction as a linear regression model and the image to be reconstructed as the unknown weights of the regression model.By sparse bayesian learning,the weights are endowed with certain prior condition probability density function,which limits the complexity of the model and simultaneously introduces the hyper-parameters.With maximizing the marginal likelihood function of hyper-parameters,the optimal weights are acquired,i.e.the reconstructed image.Simultaneously,this method provides the posterior probability density and the error bars of estimated weights,which deduces the uncertainty of reconstruction.Experimental results show that the new method can acquire exact reconstruction and under the same relative error of reconstruction,it is superior to basis pursuit on reconstruction time and orthogonal matching pursuit on the number of measurements.


The problems such poor quality,bad using and ornamental values were commonly existed in turf establishment of colleges' sport field.So,the core technique of establishing turf of sport field and the key points of maintenance and management were expounded.


Computational studies in network neuroscience build models of communication dynamics in the con-nectome that help us understand the structure-function relationships of the brain. In these models, the dynamics of cortical signal transmission in brain networks are approximated with simple propagation strategies such as random walks and shortest path routing. Furthermore, the signal transmission dynamics in brain networks are associated with the switching architectures of engineered communication systems (e.g., message switching and packet switching). However, it has been unclear how propagation strategies and switching architectures are related in models of brain network communication. Here, we investigate the effects of the difference between packet switching and message switching (i.e., whether signals are packetized or not) on the transmission efficiency of the propagation strategies when simulating signal propagation in a macaque brain network. The results show that packetization decreases the efficiency of the random walk strategy and does not change the efficiency of the shortest path strategy, but increases the efficiency of more plausible strategies for brain networks that balance between communication speed and information cost. This finding suggests an advantage of packet-switched communication in the connectome and provides new insights into modeling the communication dynamics in brain networks.


Analyzing and evaluating the reliability of multi-scale representation of spatial data are already becoming an important issue of the current digital cartography and GIS. Settlement place is the main content of maps. For this reason, studying on the uncertainty of multi-scale representation of settlement place is one of important contents of the uncertainty of multi-scale representation of spatial data. In this paper, uncertainty of multi-scale representation of street-block settlement was get comprehensive analysis and system research. This paper holds that map generalization is the essential cause leading to uncertainty of multi-scale representation of streetblock settlement. First, it is explored of essence and types of uncertainty on multi-scale representation of street-block settlement, and it divides these uncertainties into four large classes and seven subclasses. Second, among all kinds of uncertainties of multi-scale representation of street-block settlement, this paper mainly studies the uncertainty of settlement of street-block symbolic representation, and establishes the evaluation content and evaluation indexes and computing method of uncertainty of street-block and street network generalization and building generalization. The result can use for evaluating the good and bad of scale transfer methods and the uncertainty of products of multi-scale representation of street-block settlement.


ABS>From symposium on the physical behavior of radioactive contaminants in thc atmosphere; Vienna, Austria (12 Nov 1973). A brief review is given of the concept of scales'' of atmospheric motions and their effect on turbulent dlffusion. Mesoscale transport processes in the planetary boundary layer and the exchange between this layer and the rest of the atmosphere are described. Global transport processes, the exchange of air between stratosphere and troposphere, and stratospheric residence times of nuclear debris are summarized. (auth)


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Abstract The theory of steady-state, continuous thickening in the free-settling concentration range is considered, taking into account the momentum balance relation governing the process. It is concluded that there is no solids capacity limitation associated with the free-settling portion of the thickening zone.


The splitting andshifting ofeigen-energy levels of coupled binary quantumdotswastheoretically studied. The amountofsplitting asafunction ofapplied electric field strength, inparticular, wasinvestigated. Theeigen-energy ofthesystem wascalculated fromthetime-independent Schrodinger equation usinga finite-difference method.Itwasfoundthata larger electric field leads toalarger amountofeigen-energy splitting. Since thedegree oflinear polarization isrelated totheamountof splitting oftheeigen-energies, we canexpect thatthebinary quantumdotsshouldexhibit a stronger degreeoflinear polarization withincreasing applied electric field.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose an intelligent service recommendation model. The paper formulates the service adaptation process by using artificial intelligence techniques like Bayesian Network, fuzzy logic and rule based reasoning.Design/methodology/approach – The authors formulate the service adaptation process by using artificial intelligence techniques like Bayesian Network, fuzzy logic and rule based reasoning. Bayesian Network is used to classify the incoming call (high priority call, low priority call and unknown calls), fuzzy linguistic variables and membership degrees to define the context situations, the rules for adopting the policies of implementing a service, fitness degree computation and service recommendation. In addition to this the paper proposes maximum to minimum priority based context attributes matching algorithm for rule selection based on fitness degree of rules. The context aware mobile is tested for library and class room scenario to exemplify the proposed serv...


Studies on the effect of slow release nitrogenous fertilizers on the fixation of nitrogen by blue-green algae (BGA) and the changes in the contents of different nitrogen fractions in soils revealed that BGA (Aulosira fertillissima) inoculation caused about 5 per cent increase in the total nitrogen content of Bolpur (Rhodustalf, pH 6.5) and Cooch Behar (Fluvaquent, pH 5.4) soils. Among the fertilizer treatments, urea recorded the highest increase in total N due to inoculation followed by lac-coated urea whereas the increase was lowest by crotonylidene diurea. Application of N sources fncreased both inorganic and organic fractions of soil nitrogen. The amounts of easily available forms of nitrogen such NH4+-N, NO3− + NO2− - N and hydrolysable ammonium + amino sugar-N were comparatively less in presence of inoculation than in its absence, irrespective of soils and fertilizer treatments. Those forms might have been assimilated by BGA as hydrolysable organic N which was, however, more in presence of inoculation.


Let n,d be integers with 1≤d≤⌊n−12⌋ , and set h(n,d):=n−d2+d2 . Erdős proved that when n≥6d , each n‐vertex nonhamiltonian graph G with minimum degree δ(G)≥d has at most h(n,d) edges. He also provides a sharpness example Hn,d for all such pairs n,d . Previously, we showed a stability version of this result: for n large enough, every nonhamiltonian graph G on n vertices with δ(G)≥d and more than h(n,d+1) edges is a subgraph of Hn,d . In this article, we show that not only does the graph Hn,d maximize the number of edges among nonhamiltonian graphs with n vertices and minimum degree at least d, but in fact it maximizes the number of copies of any fixed graph F when n is sufficiently large in comparison with d and |F| . We also show a stronger stability theorem, that is, we classify all nonhamiltonian n‐vertex graphs with δ(G)≥d and more than h(n,d+2) edges. We show this by proving a more general theorem: we describe all such graphs with more than n−(d+2)k+(d+2)d+2k−1 copies of Kk for any k.


The influence of inbreeding depression on phenotypic traits of the Lizard canary from an Italian breeder was evaluated. The following traits were studied: birds' life span, number of surviving offspring, and morphological traits (type of plumage, spangles, feather quality, breast, cap, ground colour, wings and tail, eyelashes, covert feathers, beak, legs and feet, habits, and size). The effects of inbreeding on genetic diseases and on the health of the breed were also considered. The inbreeding coefficient of each bird was computed by genealogical data. The distribution of inbreeding in the whole population was analyzed and eleven different inbreeding level classes were considered. Birds were also divided into healthy and unhealthy animals (animals with genetic abnormalities such as blindness, splay legs and cataracts, or genetic predispositions, such as feather cysts (lumps), or animals with slow growth and/or a slender structure). Despite the high levels of inbreeding in the population, the results showed that 80.47% of the birds were healthy and no significant differences were observed between healthy and unhealthy animals in terms of the degree of inbreeding. Evidence of inbreeding depression was observed in the number of surviving offspring and the life span, whereas phenotypic characters did not show any evidence of inbreeding depression.


SEVERAL REPORTS have been made which show the increased effectiveness of gonadotropic hormones of the anterior pituitary gland when injected with other substances which are inactive as regards the stimulation of the ovary of ths immature rat. These augmenters include tannic acid (1), copper (2), and zinc salts (3, 4, 5), yeast extract and ash from yeast (a), male urine (6), blood serum (7), leuco cytes (8), egg albumin (9), merthiolate (10) and chlorophyll (11, 12). Casida (13) reported that the formed elements of blood augment gonadotropic extracts of sheep pituitary powder and that the ash from the formed elements does not. McShan and Meyer (14) separated the hemoglobin from the blood of the cow into heme and globin, and found that the hemin was an effective augmenter when it was dissolved in dilute sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide solution and mixed in vitro with gonadotropic extract of sheep pituitary powder.


Despite the United States' (U.S.) longstanding history of promoting a melting pot nation of people from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds all capable of achieving the American Dream, it is argued that the U.S. is failing to deliver high quality healthcare to all of its constituents equally. The widely seen health disparities of ethnic minority groups endure has extended into the parallel field of clinical research and clinical trials. There is a staggering gap between the percentage of White clinical trial participants compared to clinical trial participants of racially and ethnically diverse minority groups in U.S. clinical trials. Underrepresentation of minority groups in clinical trials dismisses opportunities to identify potential serious sub-group safety or efficacy signals, open doors to access life-saving treatments, and ultimately improve the standard of evidence-based medicine in the United States. Current literature on this issue frequently reiterates the following five key barriers underrepresented minority groups face against clinical trial participation: mistrust, lack of awareness and access, cultural and language barriers, investigator and provider bias, and financial burdens. A deeper dive into understanding each barrier will be critical in implementing changes with actions and in perspectives in order to address the issue of poor racial and ethnic representation in clinical trial populations.


The aim of this paper is to reconsider the rhythm/harmony binomial as the second natural cause of imitation for Aristotle, while emphasizing the role of rhythm in the mimetic structure. This reconsideration seeks to demonstrate that rhythm is not only natural but necessary for knowledge, imitation, structure giving, and poetic emotion.


At the University of Chicago Dinner to be held in Washington, D.C., on Wednesday, February 24, H. G. Moulton, of the Institute of Economics, Washington, a graduate of the University of Chicago and a former member of the faculty, will speak on the international relations of the United States, with regard to which the Institute of Economics has made special investigations. There will also be addresses by W. W. Charters and George S. Counts, new members of the Department of Education of the University of Chicago. Tickets for the dinner, which will be held at 6:00o P.M. at Rauscher's Restaurant, may be secured from William S. Gray, University of Chicago, for $3.00 each.


Paroxysmal heart block is an unusual occurrence, and is mostly associated with atherosclerotic or hypertensive heart disease (for example, Hay, 1906 ; Gossage, 1909; Gager and Pardee, 1925; Yater and Willius, 1929). Fibrosis or calcification of the conducting bundle has been found in some instances (Russell-Wells and Wiltshire, 1922; Yater and Willius, 1929, Wolferth and McMillan, 1929). Starling (1921) described a patient in whom heart block was precipitated by swallowing and relieved by atropine, and the presence of a vagal mechanism was inferred. Heart block on swallowing may also be due to an oesophageal *diverticulum (Weiss and Ferris, 1934). Other causes of paroxysmal heart block include empyema (Sachs and Ttaynor, 1933), syphilitic aortitis (Campbell, 1944), and venous sinuses separating the fibres of the bundle of His (Lewis, 1925). Sometimes no cause can be found, even at necropsy (for example, Lawrence and Forbes, 1944).


A close look at what is common to and what is different between the computer and the brain at a functional level, seems to reveal some areas which need further attention in a scientific, and in a quantum theoretic study of consciousness. A few questions related to phenomenal information, awareness, retrocauslity, observation of one's own ongoing activity, feeling of self and subjectivity, and free will are presented here.

NeuroQuantology | June 2012 | Volume 10 |Issue 2 |Page 286-301


A useful discrete-event simulation environment should support component-level reuse, integration of graphical tools, and scalable performance. The JTED framework (http://www.cooperate.com/JTED) demonstrates that Java can serve as the basis for constructing very large models that achieve these goals. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Upwelling mantle plumes beneath continental crust are predicted to produce difficult to quantify, modest uplift and denudation. The contribution of permanent and transient components to the uplift is also difficult to distinguish. A pulse of denudation in Britain in the Early Paleogene has been linked, although with some controversy, with the arrival of the proto‐Iceland mantle plume. In this contribution we show that combining apatite and zircon (U‐Th‐Sm)/He and apatite fission track analyses from central west Britain with numerical modeling clearly identifies a pulse of early Cenozoic denudation. The data indicate that rock uplift and denudation were centered on the northern East Irish Sea Basin and 1.0–2.4 km of rocks were removed during the latest Cretaceous‐early Paleogene. Uplift and erosion appears to have started a few million years before the earliest magmatism in the region. The regional denudation pattern mirrors the distribution of low‐density magmatic rocks that has been imaged in the deep crust. However, the injection of the underplating melt is not enough to account for the total denudation. An additional regional uplift of at least 300 m is required, which is consistent with a transient thermal effect from the hot mantle plume. The rapid exhumation event ceased by ~40 Ma and the data do not require significant Neogene exhumation.


The paper aims at presenting Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) extensions and applications to dense fluids. A succinct review of past and current research topics is presented, followed by a more detailed description of DSMC simulations for the numerical solution of the Enskog-Vlasov equation, applied to the study of liquid-vapor flows. Results about simulations of evaporation of a simple liquid in contact with a dense vapor are presented as an example.The paper aims at presenting Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) extensions and applications to dense fluids. A succinct review of past and current research topics is presented, followed by a more detailed description of DSMC simulations for the numerical solution of the Enskog-Vlasov equation, applied to the study of liquid-vapor flows. Results about simulations of evaporation of a simple liquid in contact with a dense vapor are presented as an example.


Background/aim Denture base materials with all their diversities and the curing method have a massive impact on their physical, mechanical, and biological traits. This contemplate is aimed to both assess and relate water sorption and solubility of heat-cured and microwave-cured acrylic resin denture base materials with and without the addition of titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs). Materials and methods A total number of 80 circular specimens were fabricated for the two tested groups (n=40). Group I was divided into two subgroups: group IA and group IB (20 each) fabricated from heat-cured and microwave-cured acrylic resin, respectively. Another group (group II) was divided into two subgroups: group IIA and group IIB (20 each) as in group I with the addition of TiO2 NPs. Then, the degree of water sorption and water solubility was calibrated by using an electronic balance for all specimens and determined by the aid of a specific formula. Results The present results indicated that there is a significant difference between all groups using one-way analysis of variance test as the P value was less than 0.05. Moreover, Tukey's post-hoc test was performed and revealed that there was a significant difference between all subgroups except (group IIA and group IIB) in which there was an insignificant difference regarding water sorption and water solubility. Conclusion Within the limitation of this consideration, microwave-cured acrylic resin is superior to the heat-cured one regarding both water sorption and solubility. Moreover, the addition of TiO2 NPs revealed the best outcome.


The results of biological tests show that compound (I) is a potent and selective inhibitor of COX-2 (IC50 = 0.37 μM) being equipotent to celecoxib.


This paper presents a novel adaptive compressed sensing based joint detection and tracking algorithm (ACS-JDT algorithm) for airborne radars with high resolution. By exploiting the sparsity of targets in the measurement space, the adaptive compressed sensing algorithm (ACS algorithm) reconstructs the whole radar scenario (direction of arrival (DOA)-Doppler plane) for each range gate during one scan. As a result, a three-dimensional measurement space (range-DOA-Doppler space) is built during multiple consecutive scans. A joint detection and tracking algorithm is then performed for tracking multiple targets in the measurement space. The ACS algorithm together with the joint detection and tracking procedures, can effectively distinguish true targets from clutter based on information from multiple scans.


Abstract In this study, least square method (LSM) and differential transform method (DTM) applied to solve the three dimensional problem of steady nanofluid deposition on an inclined rotating disk is illustrated. The governing non-linear partial differential equations are reduced to the nonlinear ordinary differential equations system by similarity transform. There is a good agreement between the present analytical and numerical results. Results indicate that increasing nanofluid volume fraction leads to increase in temperature profile and highest temperature obtained for aluminium oxide (Al2O3)-water case.


Processing formulae and methods for 16-mm gun camera and combat films have been set up for military use. They are designed to operate under all conditions of temperature found in the field and on all types of Navy processing equipment including buckets, rack and tanks, Smith-type outfits and continuous processing machines of the Houston type. Instructions for development to either a negative or a reversal image are included. This work has led to procurement of standardized 16-mm Universal films of speed index 50 and 100 which can be processed either to negative in a negative developer or to reversal in a single standard set of reversal formulae. — The reversal processing formulae will give usable quality on all 16-mm Universal films as well as on most 16-mm reversible films made by different manufacturers. One formula modification is required for some films (an addition to the first developer). Either a fogging redeveloper (sulfide) or "re-exposure" followed by a second MQ developer is used to develop the reversal (positive) image depending upon the equipment used. It is believed that these Universal films and standardized processes will do much towards removing the confusion heretofore encountered by widespread military activities using 16-mm films.


This study examined whether race/ethnicity and family income level moderated associations between children's affective social competence and teacher–child relationships among 132 Black, White, and Latino preschoolers. Boys and girls were equally represented in the sample. Of the three racial/ethnic groups, Latino children scored lowest on emotion regulation, were less close to their teachers, and experienced more teacher–child conflict and dependence. In contrast, Black children had closer, less conflict-laden, and less dependent teacher–child relationships than children of other racial/ethnic backgrounds. Emotion regulation served as a protective factor against problematic teacher–child relationships, particularly for Latino and Black children compared with high-income White children. Emotion regulation was positively associated with teacher–child closeness for Black children. However, it was negatively associated with teacher–child conflict for Latino children, regardless of income. For all outcomes, teacher characteristics accounted highly for the differences in teacher–child relational quality. Findings are discussed in terms of the functional role of emotions for teacher–child relationships and suggest important contextual influences on the associations.


Definition Areas are considered as protected, when they are: • protected by legislation (EU, national); • designated as nature reserve by spatial policy; • owned by a nature conservation body; • managed on behalf of an agri-environmental scheme; • designated according to the Ramsar convention.


He first consulted one of us in 1925 for a short cough ; he had some pharyngitis and acknowledged that he was a heavy cigarette smoker. Early in 1926 he complained of frontal headache ; on examination pus was seen in the right middle fossa. Under treatment the headache and discharge quickly cleared up. History of present illness.?At the end of November, 1928, the patient consulted one of us on account of loss of appetite,


Abstract When teaching novels in graduate and undergraduate courses can miss many of the complex interrelationships that occur between various elements of a story. An author's craft is to bring together divergent features to achieve an overall outcome within the mind of the reader. The subtle maneuvers employed by novelists throughout their works often defy linear analyses promoted by simply applying traditional literary devices to the study of novels. A dynamic, holistic approach to the novel is needed where the complex ebbs and flows of motives, literary elements and authorial devices are accounted for in a naturalistic way. Phillips and Huntley's (1995) "Story Mind" is a metaphorical structure that can be applied to novels to uncover the complex interactions of components that develop a complete novel. The present article offers a brief review of the theory's dimensions. Introduction All novels and stories possess some type of story structure. Even works that are marked by a free-flowing, stream of consciousness like James Joyce's (1922) Ulysses, William Faulkner's (1930) As I Lay Dying or, more recently, Umberto Eco's (2002) Baudolino in which stories emerge from a narrative perspective at some point in the novels, an overall structure can be identified in hindsight. Morner and Rausch (1991) define literary structure as, "the design or arrangement of the parts of a work of literature to form a unified whole; the planned framework or 'architecture' of a literary work." (p. 213). The architecture is interpreted and most often presented chronologically or logically in narrative works. However, this paper suggests an alternative view to story that can give students of literature a more complete lens into the parts of a piece that make it whole. The approach advocated here is a metaphorical view of literature, and it proposes an exciting schema for analyzing novels to determine, most of all, if they are complete. Metaphors in Literature Metaphors serve a distinct purpose in organizing our mental worlds. At their essence, metaphors impose a familiar architecture upon concepts or ideas that, for various reasons, need clarification or interpretation. The process of clarifying and/or interpreting stories is a major responsibility for those who teach literature to graduate students, undergraduates and grade-school students. Oftentimes, students grasp the major theme of a novel without recognizing the contributory parts that work together to build that theme. This macro-conception of literature is insufficient, on its own, for students of literature if the goal is to teach the author's craft on an elemental level. Conversely, students who attend to the literary devices at work within a piece without being able to articulate how they work in concert to achieve an author's goal are guilty of a myopia that can be characterized as a strict micro-conception of literature. A unifying system for teaching literature is needed for these two limited perspectives of literature that present themselves as hindrances to students' grasping the completeness of literature. Structural approaches to text that follow chronological or logical paths are ripe with the possibility of failing to recognize the big picture or point out the parts that work together to construct the overall meaning of a work. The unifying quality of metaphors is described in Metaphors and Symbols: Forays into Language (Bartel, 1983). The author asserts that metaphors are an extension of the natural dichotomies present throughout nature and in man-made disciplines. To illustrate the point he states: "This ultimate unity of all things is not just a vision of poets but a fact of life. Fractions are possible because we have whole numbers, analysis has its counterparts in synthesis, questions imply answers, causes have effects and effects have causes. Unity is implied in all our activities that involve dividing, combining, classifying, and organizing--taxonomies, typologies, paradigms, flow charts, computer programs, the Linnean categories in biology, school curricula, and on and on. …


Twelve of the fifteen possible heteroduptexes between the DNA molecules of the six phages A. 434, 82, PA2. 21 and 426 have been previously made and analysed by electron microscopy. The last three. 82/PA2, 82/21 and 82/424, were made in this work. Each heteroduplex showed a number of regions of homology. These homologies between the phages define 32 segments which compose a common genome. For each segment there are several allelic alternatives which are, functionally homologous. These observations suggest that the phages have evolved from a common ancestor and have exchanged alternative alleles with one another. But the possibility that the different phages found in nature may have all evolved independently from a common ancestor has not been eliminated. Evidence for exchange of alleles would be four natural strains that exhibit., all four possible combinations of two allelic alternatives in two separate regions of the genome. The addition of the last three heteroduplexes revealed three examples of combinations indicating exchanges among the six phages. However,' the segments involved were very short and of unknown function. For further evidence, 33 new phages were isolated from clinical samples which were from patients in the Lothian 'Region. By analyzing the heteroduplexes made with new and old phages. twelve different types of combination of alleles indicating exchanges were found, several of which involved alleles of known function. In the course of making heteroduplexes I found small insertions, possibly IS elements, in the genomes of phages 82, 434, and A. The size of these insertions was in the range of 1.2 to 1.5 kilobases.


Image segmentation is a process of dividing an image into meaningful regions. Human supervision of computer generated segmentation is essential for the tasks such as medical image analysis, surveillance-radar image analysis, etc. The decisions to be made based on the segmented images is often critical in such domains, and neither human imprecision nor the unreliability of automatic algorithms is tolerable. We develop a collaborative scheme that facilitates active human supervision of computer segmenta-tion of images. Through this, we complement the reliability of a human expert with the precision of segmentation and deformable modeling algorithms that track a stationary or moving nonrigid object in a sequence of snapshots of the scene. In our system, an expert user observes the computer generated segmentaion along with the original images in a user friendly graphics environment, and interactively indicates the wrongly classiied regions either by pointing or by circling. The precise boundaries of indicated regions are computed by studying original image properties at that region, and the human visual attention distribution map obtained from the published psychological and psychophysical research. All reenement operations are deened in the form of a linear functions so that the facilities such as error recovery, commutativity of operations, etc. are inherent to the system. We use the developed theory to extract heart walls from a sequence of two dimensional echocardiograms. Echocardiography is one of the most popular and safest methods of observing the heart. Segmentation of the heart wall in echocardiograms is essential to detect and quantize a large spectrum of heart abnormalities.


Review on BIRC6 (baculoviral IAP repeat-containing 6), with data on DNA, on the protein encoded, and where the gene is implicated.


We examine the statistical mechanisms by which energy and scalar variance are cascaded to small scales for isotropic, three-dimensional turbulence. Two avenues are explored: (i) the traditional transfer function (defined by the nonlinear cascade that gives the time rate of change of the energy spectrum), and (ii) the bispectrum (the elementary triple-point correlation, averaged over directions perpendicular to three co-linear observation points). Our tools are direct numerical simulations (DNS), and the statistical theory of turbulence, here in the form of the test field model (TFM) (Kraichnan 1971). Comparison of the results indicates a fairly good quantitative agreement between DNS and the TFM at large Prandtl numbers (Pr ≥ 0.25), but substantial disagreement at lower Pr, where the transfer to small scales becomes too small. This disparity we trace to the Markovian aspect of the TFM; the more fundamental direct interaction approximation (DIA) (Kraichnan 1959) compares more favourably to DNS as Pr → 0. For Pr ∼ 1, we compare DNS and TFM bispectra for velocity and scalar fields in both Fourier and physical space. The physical space representation of bispectra serves as a useful means of discriminating between velocity and scalar transfer.


Applying questionnaire and documentary,the article comprehensively analyzed the current situation of evaluation system of sports graduate students' innovative quality.The research also explored the significance and effect of building evaluation system,as well as the related principle and index system.Furthermore,the implement process of the evaluation system was also designed in this research.


We suggest a new method for the analysis of experimental time series. The order/disorder characteristics of the compartment fire are determined based on experimental data. From our analysis, we claim that the newly developed so-called PYR-algorithm is suitable to detect unusual data in full-scale fire experiments.


Type of funding sources: None.

 Cardiovascular Disease leads to physical and psychosocial problems and worsens the quality of life of patients. Cardiovascular Disease Management is focused not only on reducing morbidity and mortality, but also on opportunities to improve daily life and overcome risk factors. Nurses play a key role in patient health education and their contributions have expanded in recent decades in Bulgaria.

 The aim of this study was to explore the possibilities for nurses' active participation in the health education of patients with Cardiovascular Disease.

 The study included 146 patients with Cardiovascular Disease and a control group. The mean age of the respondents is 61.15 ± 2.35. The practical part of the study included 52 patients. The toolkit contains questionnaires for assessing stress and coping with everyday life, behavioral risk factors, a health education program and self-care. All participants have signed an informed consent, in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

 The results of physical activity, routine activities, self-care and anxiety show some disorders in the patient group. Patients with anxiety were 49.3%, individuals in the control group were 21.9%, (χ2 = 23.89, p <0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in anxiety level between patients and the control group (t = 4.07, p <0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the relative shares of the two groups in terms of anxiety and physical activity (Z = 7.09, p = 0.000). Patients with self-care difficulties and anxiety are 24.0%. A relationship between anxiety and self-care options was found in patients (Z = 6.29; p = 0.000). A structured interview was conducted to identify lifestyle risk factors. The results show that 55.8% of patients are overweight. The relationship between waist circumference and BMI is straight moderate (r = 0.397, p = 0.004). The predominant number of men who smoke is 60.7%. A relationship was established between smoking and the gender of the respondents (χ2 = 18.21, df = 2, p = 0.000). The nurse conducted an individual interview with each patient to improve diet, daily routine, control blood pressure, blood sugar and more. A pedagogical model for health education was applied, based on goal setting, motivation, and self-care to achieve long-term results in terms of risk factor management. Positive changes were reported after 3 months in terms of hygiene and diet, physical activity, regular monitoring of blood pressure and medication.

 Patient education is one of the most important aspects of nurses' work. Primary care nurses are a key factor in improving the quality of life of patients by implementing self-care education programs, reducing risk factors and monitoring the condition.


An efficient liquid-phase synthesis of strongly fluorescent tetraaryl-4,5-dihydro-1,2,4-triazoles via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of imines with nitrile imines generated in situ on soluble polymer support is described.


The application of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is still inherently limited by the unstable lithium (Li)/electrolyte interface, despite the advantages of security, flexibility, and workability of SPEs. Herein, the Li/electrolyte interface is modified by introducing Li2S additive to harvest stable all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Cryo‐transmission electron microscopy (cryo‐TEM) results demonstrate a mosaic interface between poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) electrolytes and Li metal anodes, in which abundant crystalline grains of Li, Li2O, LiOH, and Li2CO3 are randomly distributed. Besides, cryo‐TEM visualization, combined with molecular dynamics simulations, reveals that the introduction of Li2S accelerates the decomposition of N(CF3SO2)2− and consequently promotes the formation of abundant LiF nanocrystals in the Li/PEO interface. The generated LiF is further verified to inhibit the breakage of CO bonds in the polymer chains and prevents the continuous interface reaction between Li and PEO. Therefore, the all‐solid‐state LMBs with the LiF‐enriched interface exhibit improved cycling capability and stability in a cell configuration with an ultralong lifespan over 1800 h. This work is believed to open up a new avenue for rational design of high‐performance all‐solid‐state LMBs.


The e-Learning solution is one of the most discussed priorities of modern universities. The whole problem lies in the global approach of which strategy must use to create e-Learning system. This paper describes an evaluation model for some of the existent methodologies based on model driven engineering used to create e-Learning system. The evaluation model is based on a comparative study and multi-criteria analysis: adaptability, transformation process, Bases and standards, Open Distance Learning cycle, model reuse, component reuse, Model Driven Architecture use. The proposed comparative is realized by using the Multi-criteria analysis method: Rank Order Centroid, where we join some of the used characteristics by these methodologies to compare.


The i* approach, although the result of mature research, has yet to be applied widely in practice. This chapter reports three major industrial projects in which we applied i* to specify complex socio-technical systems. It provides the rationale for adopting i* and results that were obtained in the projects. From these experiences we report and demonstrate 10 lessons learned about using i* effectively in industrial projects, and the benefits that can be gained from its effective use. We believe that these lessons have broader implications for the uptake of requirements modelling techniques.


In this work we present the first steps towards achieving Photonic Crystals (PCs) operating in the Near-Infrared (NIR) wavelength range using Macroporous Silicon (MPS). The MPS structures herein shown are fabricated using Electrochemical Etching (EE) of silicon. Pores are arranged in a square lattice of 500 nm periodicity and pore size is around 200 nm to 350 nm. Preliminary results show straight pores with good uniformity and controlled dimensions.


Part of the Curriculum and Social Inquiry Commons, Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research Commons, Educational Leadership Commons, Elementary and Middle and Secondary Education Administration Commons, Elementary Education and Teaching Commons, Junior High, Intermediate, Middle School Education and Teaching Commons, Pre-Elementary, Early Childhood, Kindergarten Teacher Education Commons, and the Quantitative, Qualitative, Comparative, and Historical Methodologies Commons


A new natural hybrid Saxifraga ×klimesii Hajman, Horak & Hrones from Ladakh (NW India) is described and illustrated. This hybrid resulted from cross between Saxifraga meeboldii Engler & Irmscher and Saxifraga pulvinaria Harry Smith. The morphology of the hybrid plants and its parental taxa was evaluated using morphometric analysis of both living plants and herbarium specimens. An artificial cross was also made to compare its morphology with spontaneous hybrids. Ploidy level and relative genome size was established using flow cytometry. Saxifraga ×klimesii is intermediate in morphology and relative genome size between both parents. It differs from S. meeboldii by shorter and wider rosette leaves and lighter yellow, larger and wider petals and from S. pulvinaria by larger rosettes, often more than one pore on leaves and usually yellow coloured petals. A lectotype is selected for S. pulvinaria.


Solutions to the technical problems in analysis of base-isolation schemes of a diesel generating set in the basement of an office building are presented in this paper.Several base-isolation schemes are analyzed and compared using SAP2000 software.The result of the analysis could be referred in base-isolation design and the base-isolation scheme with the best effect could be applied by designers in this project.


Objective: To conduct a cost-effectiveness assessment of bortezomib plus cyclophosphamide plus dexamethasone (CyBorD) versus bortezomib plus thalidomide plus dexamethasone (VTD) versus lenalidomide plus dexamethasone (RD) as initial treatment for transplant-eligible patients with newly-diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM), from a Colombian payer perspective. Methods: A Markov model was developed to estimate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), direct costs and incremental costs per QALY gained associated with use of three chemotherapy regimens over a patient's lifetime. Information on the efficacy, security and costs of the regimens was based on data from phase III clinical trials and national tariff respectively. Direct costs included the costs of CyBorD, VTD and RD, treatment of adverse events, prophylaxis and monitoring associated with MM. Post-progression direct costs included costs of bortezomib plus lenalidomide plus dexamethasone and monitoring for progressive disease. Utilities were obtained from the published studies and Tufts registry. Costs and outcomes were discounted at 0%, 3.5%, 5%, 7% and 12% annually. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) using Monte Carlo simulation was performed. Results: The undiscounted costs of CyBorD, RD and VTD were USD $48.892; $50.863 and $52.835 respectively. QALY ́s for these alternatives were 5.53, 3.48 and 4.03 respectively (undiscounted). RD and VTD were dominated by CyBorD. This finding was robust in the PSA for each iteration. Conclusion: CyBorD dominated to VTD and RD as induction therapy of chemotherapy in transplant-eligible patients with active MM and standard risk from the Colombian payer perspective.


We study the corrections to the scalar boson mass in an abelian Higgs model by considering the global properties of the partition function. We find that although the two point function for the Higgs boson receives quantum corrections, the mass of the scalar remains unaltered and thus the physical mass is equal to the bare one.


In this paper , we review shortly UVS model of the Universe, based on information in their website. Universal Vortical Singularity (UVS) is a postulated cosmic archetype of a nested vortical hypersphere system. All sorts of its torus transformed hypersphere structures, are perceivable to be ubiquitously manifested in the observable universe throughout macrocosms and microcosms. We also discuss briefly a new model that we call Navier-Stokes cosmology, because we realize that the Cosmic Web of large scale structure of the Universe can only be approached using turbulence/NS theory. This short review is of course not complete, and therefore more research is needed.


A hydrazine oxalate ((N/sub 2/H/sub 5/)/sub 2/C/sub 2/O/sub 4/) solution was used as an alternative wash method for cleaning 30% tributyl phosphate--70% normal paraffin hydrocarbon solvent. Experimental evidence shows the (N/sub 2/H/sub 5/)/sub 2/C/sub 2/O/sub 4/ wash solutions to be as effective as hydrazine carbonate ((N/sub 2/H/sub 5/)/sub 2/CO/sub 3/) or sodium carbonate (Na/sub 2/CO/sub 3/) in cleanup of test solvents. Major advantages of the alternative method are: (a) (N/sub 2/H/sub 5/)/sub 2/C/sub 2/O/sub 4/ wash solutions are easier to prepare and store than are the (N/sub 2/H/sub 5/)/sub 2/CO/sub 3/ solutions and (b) the N/sub 2/H/sup +//sub 5/ and C/sub 2/O/sup 2 -//sub 4/ ions in spent (N/sub 2/H/sub 5/)/sub 2/C/sub 2/O/sub 4/ wash solutions can be decomposed into gases, whereas the sodium from Na/sub 2/CO/sub 3/ solutions must eventually be stored in some form as nuclear waste.


An inductive position sensor used to measure centimeter displacements with a typical sensitivity of 140 mV/m at 4.2 K is described. The sensor's outer housing is constructed of brass and stainless steel tubing, with two inset linear bearings that support a surface ground carbon steel drive rod. The sensitivity of the device increases with excitation frequency and with operating temperature. The displacement range for which the sensor output is linear is 1.4 cm. The resolution of the device is better than 12 μm. The sensor is robust in design and in operation, and is insensitive to thermal cycling.


In the background of New Rural Construction and development of modern agriculture,the scale management of agriculture once again becomes a hot issue.As an economic concept,the common features of Northern Jiangsu provide possibility to study it as a whole.Scale management of agriculture is based on this situation: Household Contract Responsibility System has lost its potential on efficiency,at the same time,realistic system environment locks the Contract Responsibility System firmly.To achieve the scale management of agriculture,the key is to cultivate the operators,the current state is diversified,the main process is the move of agricultural labor force and the effective transfer of farmland,the safeguard is the government's management,regulation and coordination,the directing methodology is the evolution thinking and systems thinking.


In the event of a nuclear accident, fission products may be released into the environment. The release of 131I is of particular concern to human health. Iodine can be captured using a number of materials and frequently, this is accomplished with activated carbon impregnated with organic bases. Previous studies have used DFT and the graphite (0001) surface as a surrogate for adsorption, those studies focus on the species I•, I2, and CH3I. In this work we perform an ab initio study of the adsorption onto the surface of a graphite sheet of I2, CH3I, and inorganic acidic iodine species (HI, HOI, HIO2, and HIO3), which were selected to examine the possible effect of oxidation state on adsorption. The PBE exchange-correlation functional with D3 dispersion was employed. It was found that for molecular iodine, the iodine atoms tended to either situate above the center of a hexagonal site on the graphite or directly atop a carbon atom with the lighter components resting closer to the graphite. For each species the relative binding energies spanned the range of 21–33 kJ mol-1 and graphite-iodine distance was in the range of 3.52–3.93 Å. In all cases we found no significant charge transfer between the iodine species and the graphite, thus we conclude that all the iodine species studied undergo strong physisorption to the graphite.


Agricultural by-products are generated in large amounts in various industries, creating a serious disposal problem. Valorisation of tobacco waste for the extraction of value-added compounds and the production of enzymes could reduce both the problems of its disposal and the costs of cellulase production. Hitherto, there have been no reported studies concerning the utilization of tobacco residues (after extraction of polyphenols and nicotine, and fermentation pre-treatment by Streptomyces fulvissimus CKS7) for the production of cellulase (CMCase and ?vicelase) by Paenibacillus chitinolyticus CKS1. The optimal conditions for the polyphenols and nicotine extraction process were obtained using the response surface methodology: 60 s extraction time in water and 30 mL g-1 liquid/solid ratio. After the applied bacterial fermentation as a pre-treatment of tobacco residues, using Paenibacillus species, the extraction of polyphenols decreased by up to 10 %, while the extraction of nicotine increased by up to 35 %. Afterward, the maximum of cellulase activities (CMCase of 0.878 U g-1 and avicelase of 1.417 U g-1) were achieved using of the strain CKS1.


We study ballistic aggregation on a two dimensional square lattice, where particles move ballistically in between momentum and mass conserving coalescing collisions. Three models are studied based on the shapes of the aggregates: in the first the aggregates remain point particles, in the second they retain the fractal shape at the time of collision, and in the third they assume a spherical shape. The exponents describing the power law temporal decay of number of particles and energy as well as dependence of velocity correlations on mass are determined using large scale Monte Carlo simulations. It is shown that the exponents are universal only for the point particle model. In the other two cases, the exponents are dependent on the initial number density and correlations vanish at high number densities. The fractal dimension for the second model is close to 1.49.


It is difficult to timely predict dynamic loads of green buildings in order to optimize operation of its energy supply systems. In this paper, HCMAC (Hyperball CMAC) neural networks are used to build load prediction models of buildings. The model inputs are outdoor meteorological parameters and the personnel distribution, and outputs cold / heat load and electricity load. A Novel fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm is proposed to overcome the drawback that the node number of HCMAC neural network increases exponentially with the increasing of input dimensions, effectively reducing the number of the network nodes, and decreasing the computational burden of neural network parameter learning. Load characteristics of a building are analyzed applying software TRNSYS, and the simulating operation data used for building load models are obtained. Simulation results demonstrated that the presented building load prediction method is an effective data-driven method to be universally applied to modeling of buildings.


We study a mod $p^c$ analog of the notion of transfer for automorphic forms. Instead of existence of eigenforms, such transfers yield congruences between eigenforms but, like transfers, we show that they can be established by a comparison of trace formulas. This rests on the properties of mod $p^c$ reduced multiplicities which count congruences between eigenforms. As an application we construct finite slope $p$-adic {\it continuous} families of Siegel eigenforms using a comparison of trace formulas.


This paper presents a novel approach for optimizing betting strategies in sports gambling by integrating Von Neumann-Morgenstern Expected Utility Theory, deep learning techniques, and advanced formulations of the Kelly Criterion. By combining neural network models with portfolio optimization, our method achieved remarkable profits of 135.8% relative to the initial wealth during the latter half of the 20/21 season of the English Premier League. We explore complete and restricted strategies, evaluating their performance, risk management, and diversification. A deep neural network model is developed to forecast match outcomes, addressing challenges such as limited variables. Our research provides valuable insights and practical applications in the field of sports betting and predictive modeling.


Bryum wrightii was first described by Sullivant and Lesquereux in 1859 from a collection made in Arakamchechen Island in Bering Straits, eastern- most Russia, by Charles Wright. This name antedates B. globosum Lindb. and has replaced it. Bryum wrightii is distinguished from other species by its arctic and subarctic distribution, by the crowded, globose and rosy-red or scarlet cap- sules, and by the rudimentary structure of the inner peristome. The species is reported here for the first time from arctic Alaska on collections by both authors, and other unreported collections are cited from Alaska, Canada, and Greenland. The North American distribution of B. wrightii is mapped. In a recent report of Bryum wrightii Sull. & Lesq. from the Mackenzie Mountains, Northwest Territories, Canada, Brassard (1972) pointed out that this species "has not yet been reported from unglaciated Arctic Alaska." As a consequence, since both authors have collected this species in abundance in northern Alaska, it seems appropriate now to publish records of those unreported specimens in our hands, which will contribute sub- stantially to our knowledge of the geographical distribution of this handsome and inter- esting moss in North America.


Please check for the latest version of this syllabus prior to the beginning of class. The Fine Print ;-) "This extended learning syllabus is intended for distribution to members of the course only (and not for general distribution on the internet!). If you intend to share part of this material with others you need to ask for permission." Post-Enlightenment and 'Post-Critical Reason'.


Over the last two decades, bilingual (English-Dutch) secondary education has been one of the fastest growing developments in education in the Netherlands. Previous studies of bilingual education (Huibregtse 2001, Admiraal, Westhoff & De Bot 2005) have shown that students of this school type do indeed learn English faster and better. There are however indications that differences in learner characteristics such as scholastic aptitude, motivation/attitude and self-evaluation of proficiency could also partly account for the differences in development between bilingual and regular students. Furthermore, as researchers (Berns, De Bot & Hasebrink 2007, Verspoor, De Bot & Van der Heiden 2008) have found evidence for the influence of out-of-school contact with English, especially through media, on the development of children's English proficiency, this factor also has to be taken into account.
This thesis therefore investigates the influence of education, learner characteristics and the context in which the language is learned on the development of English writing ability and receptive vocabulary.
Examination of data gathered from a large number of students of different types of education show that bilingual students do indeed perform better, but that they are also different in terms of learner characteristics. As there also seems to be a relation between these learner characteristics and proficiency, it can be assumed that type of education is not the only influence on the development of English proficiency.


The problem that often appears in the factory is the inversion process. Inhibition of inversion reaction can be done by providing temperature and giving anti-inversion. This study aims to determine the effect of concentration of anti-inversion and temperature of the water imbibition to the freshness of sugarcane. The experimental design that used was a two factorial RAK. The first factor is the concentration of the anti-inversion that dissolved in water imbibition consists of 3 levels (400 ppm, 500 ppm, 600 ppm)and the second factor is the temperature of the water imbibition which consists of 3 levels (70C, 80C, 90C). Analysis of the observation consist of pH analysis, invert sugar, sucrose levels, TPC, sucrose content, and the sap content of the cane. The data obtained were analyzed statistically using ANOVA.The results showed that the real influence appears on concentration and temperature of imbibition to level of sucrose, invert sugar, pH, yield and number of microbes. Imbibition temperature levels give the real influence to sugar cane (KNT). The best results is 500 ppm and 80C.


The objective of this study was to measure the combined effects of fiber type (fine wool, mid-micron wool, acrylic), yarn type (high twist, low twist, single) and fabric structure (single jersey, half-terry, terry) on friction between sock fabrics and a synthetic skin using the horizontal platform method. The effect of weight of a hypothetical wearer and moisture content of a sock fabric were also investigated. Differences among fabrics were analyzed using frictional force traces. Data compared included the static and dynamic friction and coefficients of friction, as well as three new descriptive parameters. All variables investigated affected the frictional characteristics between a sock fabric and a synthetic skin. Single jersey fabrics had the lowest coefficient of static and dynamic friction. Friction between fabric and a synthetic skin was affected most by the applied weight, with the simulated adult weight resulting in a greater frictional force, and higher coefficients of static and dynamic friction. The most important effect of fiber was on the static frictional force and coefficient of static friction of damp fabrics, with fabrics composed of fine wool exhibiting lowest friction, and acrylic fabrics the highest.


South American racers of the tribe Philodryadini are a widespread and diverse group of Neotropical snakes with a complex taxonomic and systematic history. Recent studies failed to present a robust phylogenetic hypothesis for the tribe, mainly due to incomplete taxon sampling. Here we provide the most extensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of Philodryadini available so far, including 20 species (83% of the known diversity) from which six were not sampled previously. Our results reveal that Philodryadini is not monophyletic, but instead includes a central Andean clade formed by Philodryas simonsii, P. tachymenoides, and P. amaru, and a southern and cis-Andean clade including all remaining philodryadines. This discovery requires resurrection of two genera as well as erection of a new tribe of Xenodontinae for the central Andean clade. Within the southern and cis-Andean radiation, our analyses resolve a basal dichotomy separating two main lineages: Clade A, containing the Common Green Racers P. laticeps and P. viridissima and the South American Vine snakes P. georgeboulengeri and P. argentea; and Clade B, including the remaining species of Philodryas sensu stricto. We resurrect the genera Chlorosoma and Xenoxybelis to better represent the monophyly of lineages within the southern and cis-Andean clade.


1. Krieger N, Zierler S. What explains the public's health? A call for epidemiologic theory. Epidemiology 1996;7:107-109. 2. Pearce N. Traditional epidemiology, modern epidemiology, and public health. Am J Public Health 1996;86:678-683. 3. Loomis D, Wing S. Is molecular epidemiology a germ theory for the end of the twentieth century? Int J Epidemiol 1990;19:1-3. 4. Vandenbroucke JP. Is "the causes of cancer" a miasma theory for the end of the twentieth century? Int J Epidemiol 1988;17:708-709. 5. Wing S. Limits of epidemiology. Med Global Survival 1994;1:74-86. 6. Krieger N. Epidemiology and the web of causation: has anyone seen the spider? Soc Sci Med 1994;39:887-903. 7. Rose G. Sick individuals and sick populations. Int J Epidemiol 1985;14: 32-38. 8. Hillier SL, Nugent RP, Eschenbach DA, Krohn MA, Gibbs RS, Martin DH, Cotch MF, Edelman R, Pastorek JG II, Rao AV, McNellis D, Regan JA, Carey C, Klebanoff MA, for the Vaginal Infections and Prematurity Study Group. Association between bacterial vaginosis and preterm de? livery of a low-birth-weight infant. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1737-1742. 9. Rush RW, Keirse MJNC, Howat P, Baum JD, Anderson ABM, Turnbull AC. Contribution of preterm delivery to perinatal mortality. BMJ 1976; 2:965-968. 10. Wilcox AJ, Skjoerven R. Birth weight and perinatal mortality: the effect of gestational age. Am J Public Health 1992;82:378-382. 11. Read JS, Klebanoff MA. Sexual intercourse during pregnancy and pre? term delivery: effects of vaginal microorganisms. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;168:514-519. 12. Hauth JC, Goldenberg RL, Andrews WW, DuBard MB, Copper RL, Reduced incidence of preterm delivery with metronidazole and erythromycin in women with bacterial vaginosis. N Engl J Med 1995,333: 1732-1736. 13. Savitz DA. In defense of black box epidemiology. Epidemiology 1994; 5:550-552. 14. McMichael AJ. The health of persons, populations, and planets: epide? miology comes full circle. Epidemiology 1995;6:633-636. 15. Tesh SN. Hidden Arguments: Political Ideology and Disease Prevention Policy. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers Press, 1988. 16. Krieger N. Overcoming the absence of socioeconomic data in medical records: validation and application of a census-based methodology. Am J Public Health 1992;82:703-710. 17. Wing S. Social inequalities in the decline of coronary mortality. Am J Public Health 1988,78:1415-1416.


In the last few decades, numerous approaches to integrate multiple chemical steps in a single-pot operation have been described, offering reliable and powerful strategies for the synthesis of ne chemicals. In this context, the construction of several carbon–carbon (C–C) bonds with simultaneous control of newly formed asymmetric centers, including the formation of challenging quaternary carbon stereocenters, is of paramount importance for the development of complex molecular frameworks. Particularly interesting would be the formation of such stereocenters adjacent to allylic motifs as these sub-structures are abundant in biomolecules and natural products. Although several excellent and highly selective approaches have been reported for the construction of acyclic allylic carbon quaternary stereocenters, it becomes more intricate when the synthesis has to be performed in a single-pot operation. For instance, although copper catalysed asymmetric conjugate addition is probably the most well established transformation (Fig. 1, path A), asymmetric 1,4addition to an extended conjugated system is more challenging as the 1,6-addition product is usually preferred over 1,4-addition (Fig. 1, path B). Amore successful alternative approach to reach the same products is the asymmetric 1,4-addition of vinyl metal species to Michael acceptors. Although methods coupling asymmetric catalysis with fragmentation of strained building blocks have been reported recently, none could be used for the preparation of acyclic allylic carbon quaternary


In incestuous families, a symbiotic relationship is often found between the mother and the daughter. The authors discuss the nature of this symbiotic relationship and provide case examples drawn from an incest treatment group. The treatment needs of mothers are discussed in light of their childhood deprivations.


The optimun conditions for the formation of very low oxygen content yttrium fiuoride were determined. Various methods of preparing a very low oxygen content yttrium fluoride are presented. Since the chemical properties of yttrium are quite similar to those of the rare earths, yttrium was used in these studies with the object in mind that the processing conditions would probably be applicable to the rare earths. Yttrium fluoride was formed by hydrofluorinating various yttrium compounds with gaseous anhydrous hydrofluoric acid. The compounds used for these hpdrofluorinations were yttrium oxide, hydrated yttrium fluoride, yttrium oxalate, yttrium chloride, yttrium nitrate, yttrium sulfate, and yttrium sulfide. The effects of time and temperature, oxalate ignition temperature, particle size. and hydrofluoric acid purity on the conversion of yttrium compounds yttrium fluoride were also studied. The yttrium fluoride purification method studied were molten fluoride hydrofluorination, vacuum distillation and inert gas sparging, all of which were carried out above the melting point of yttrium fluoride. (auth) 15O52 The currently available seal mateerials which have proved useful in guided-missile applications are described. A series of proposed tests for evaluating new seal materials is included. These test are designed to select materials which give aromise of Success in use,more » but they are not intended to be the Sole tests used in the selection of seal materials. A summary is presented in tabular form, of the results of experience with various seal materials. These materials are evaluated according to their chemical characteristics in so far as these characteristics determine compatibility. (auth)« less


further "exploring the shadows" of social order and deflating the 'idle conceit" that judicial control is central in disputing. The following two chapters take further these insights. Keith Boyum looks at how claims are defined in the legal process, whilst Krislov provides us with a perceptive critique of studies of court case-load and delay. The problem of dealing with problems of case-load is shown to be far more complex than most reformers have even imaginedJo far. Yet it is the final two chapters prior to Mather's epilogue which may have the greatest implications for future court research. In these chapters, the organizational dimensions of courts are mapped out. Thus, whilst courts are far from qualifying as bureaucracies, Jacob examines the key implications which come from organizational research and notes how little this important body of insights has been. applied in the court research literature. He identifies various relevant issues such as the distribution of power in courts, their uncertain boundaries, the nature of communication patterns and decision-making patterns in organizations such as courts and concludes by reworking the findings from earlier court studies to show how they might have been improved through the use of the organizational paradigm. As courts often involve the interaction between various organizations, such as police and prosecutor departments, Feeley and Lazerson therefore stress the importance of an inter-organizational perspective in understanding courts. Thus they illustrate that ". . . while police and prosecutors must work together and in theory are part of a team, they exist in a perpetual tension created by differences in perceived functions, reinforced by a host of organizational and social pressures" (p 229). It is clear from this that as organization becomes an increasingly important dimension of our legal system it is important that organizational and inter-organizational issues receive far greater attention from researchers, reformers and policy makers. This is an important well written and produced collection, packed with good ideas and many useful suggestions for further research. It should be read by everyone seriously interested in better understanding our courts.


The purpose of this study is firstly to explore the antecedent factors that influence tourists" continual usage intention to smartphone-based tourism information service, to examine the influences of the factors on the tourists" intention to use smartphone-based tourism information service continuously and finally, to provide theoretical and practical implications based on the results. As a result, it was found that all of smart-phone characteristics variables influenced on continual usage intention, especially, usefulness had a significant impact on continual usage intention. The theoretical and practical implications and the limitations were discussed.


Constructing inclusive finance system has become the main goal of a new round of rural finance reform,the development of microfinance is very important to realize inclusive finance.Firstly,The article analyses some problems during the process of microfinance development,some deviations exit when we understand the meaning of microfinance,microfinance corporations develop very rapidly and have the tendency of mission drift,private capital pay more attention to profit and neglect social responsibility.Secondly,it bring forwards that the overall goal of microfinance corporation is to seek the harmony development between finance performance and social performance,and the cultivation of rural finance market mechanism is the key route to realize inclusive finance.Finally,we propose some countermeasures,such as assessing social performance and reducing exchange cost,so as to realize inclusive finance.


The zinc-finger (ZnF) transcription factor Ikaros (encoded by Ikzf1) plays an essential role in regulating transcriptional programs required for B cell development, as Ikzf1null/null mice do not develop B cells. Ikaros contains two ZnF domains which function in DNA-binding and protein-protein interactions, respectively. Recently, mutations within the central DNA-binding ZnF domain of the IKZF1 gene has been linked to autoimmunity. Likewise, our murine model containing a germ-line deletion of the fourth ZnF (Ikzf1DF4/DF4) displays a B cell hyper-reactive (HR) phenotype, with B cells activated by anti-IgM without the requirement for a second co-stimulatory signal. Although Ikaros has been well-studied in early developing B cells, how loss-of-function mutations in Ikzf1 impacts downstream effector functions of mature B cells, remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of Ikaros in regulating an epigenetic program required for co-stimulation-restricted activation of B cells. We utilized transcriptomic and epigenomic approaches (RNA-seq and ATAC-seq) to define transcriptional programs which dynamically change upon ex vivo stimulation and investigated their Ikaros-dependency. Interestingly, we found that the largest subset of genes deregulated between wt and Ikzf1DF4/DF4 B cells, occur prior to stimulation. In addition, CUT&RUN performed in wt B cells shows Ikaros binding to a large subset of genes expressed upon stimulation with anti-IgM and CD40L. Together, these results demonstrate that Ikaros regulates the transcriptional landscape of BCR-activated mature B cells. In the future, we will be integrating single cell RNA-seq analysis to investigate B cell heterogeneity in wt and Ikzf1DF4/DF4 B cells.


Mono- and bicomponent (bico) meltblown webs are produced on a 24-inch wide Reicofil® side-by-side bicomponent meltblown system using polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), poly[ethylene terephthalate] (PET), poly[butylene terephthalate] (PBT), polyamide (PA), and their bicomponent (bico) combinations, such as PP/PE, PP/PET, PE/PET, PP/PA, PBT/PE, and PBT/PP. Extensive tests reveal the character of the webs, including their fiber diameter, bulk density, web uniformity, filtration efficiency, air permeability, hydrostatic head, bursting strength, flexural rigidity, and tensile strength. In addition, DSC and SEM are used to examine bico distribution across the die and fiber structure in the webs. Fiber diameters in the range of 1.64-2.85 μm and high uniformity are achieved for both mono and bico meltblown webs at polymer throughputs of 0.55-1.1 g/hole/min (20-40 kg/hr). Since meltblowing is a highly complex and multivariable process where knowledge of the mechanistic model is lacking, and because the new bico capability makes the process much more complicated, surface response methodology (SRM) is suggested for further study of the process. Preliminary work shows that SRM is an efficient and effective method for meltblown process optimization and product development.


We explore how competition affects firms obfuscation strategies in laboratory experiments. Firms sell a base good and an add-on product. The price of the add-on may be shrouded and, if so, myopic consumers pay too much. Shrouding is an equilibrium but an unshrouding equilibrium coexists. In our experiments, competition matters in that only duopolistic markets are frequently shrouded whereas fourfirm markets are not. With repeated interaction, shrouding rates do not increase. However, the opportunities to shroud facilitate tacit collusion on the base good price for the duopolies: the unshrouding equilibrium serves as a credible punishment if deviations occur.


The total scattering cross section (TSCS) of various targets is computed in this letter from a numerical method in a reverberation chamber (RC). Theoretically TSCS measurements need both a free-space environment (for instance anechoic chamber modeled numerically by absorbing boundary conditions) and various plane waves' stimulations. The method developed allows predicting the TSCS from few simulations in a RC. The foundations and numerical results presented demonstrate the ability of the technique to straightforward compute the TSCS with the finite difference in time domain (FDTD) method. The agreement from these TSCS treatments in RC is finally obtained considering the expected results in free-space.


The paper presents the result of investigation on aluminum-silicon (LM6) alloy cast using pressurized lost foam casting process. The study investigated the effect of pressure and sand size on porosity of the casting produced. Air pressure of 1, 2, 3 and 4 bars was applied on the solidifying alloy poured in mould of sand sizes 16-30, 40-60, 60-100 (AFS). The porosities of casting were measured using optical microscope which was equipped with image analyzer. For porosity of castings, all surfaces of solidified castings were captured by digital camera for better observation. The results show that applying pressure during solidification of the LM6 alloy has significant influence on casting porosity of the alloy. By increasing the applied pressure, the porosity percentage based on gas porosity decreased when pressure was applied. Consequently, the removal rate of gas porosity improved by increasing the sand size to finer size 60-100 (AFS), so there is less gas porosity in samples. Besides, rising air pressure lead to fulfilling of molten which improves the casting porosity.


Primary User Emulation (PUE) attack is a type of Denial of Service (DoS) attack in Cognitive Wireless Sensor Network (CWSN), where malicious secondary users (SU) try to emulate primary users (PU) to maximize their own spectrum usage or obstruct other SU from accessing the spectrum. In this paper, we have designed an application to monitor the SU's behavior with respect to the CWSN normal behavior profile towards it's one hop neighbor. Abnormal behavior towards PUE attack of any SU helps us to identify PUE attackers in the network. Our application does not require extensive computational capabilities and memory and therefore suitable for resource constraint cognitive sensor nodes.