Background: Unbalanced cells in the battery caused by differences in cell compounds and initial charge capacities may reduce its capacity and exert on a bad influence on its safety and lifetime. Methods: This paper introduces comparisons on the different cell balancing methods for energy storage applications. This study first categorizes cell balancing circuits as passive or active cell balancing methods based on the usage of resistors. Then, this paper investigates the advantages and disadvantages of these passive and active cell balancing methods. The investigated passive cell balancing methodologies include a fixed shunting resistor circuit and a switching shunting resistor circuit. In addition, the studied active cell balancing methods in this paper include cell balancers using capacitor, inductor/transformer, or DC-DC converter. Findings: Based on the comparison results of this study, a passive cell balancer is easy to implement although it requires long balancing time and has low cell balancing energy efficiency because of a thermal loss from a resistor. This passive cell balancer is a suitable technique for portable tools and low-power systems. On the other hand, an active balancing method has higher energy transmission efficiency and shorter balancing time than a passive cell balancer although it requires complex control algorithms and high cost for fabricating the balancing circuit. Applications: By comparing the advantages and disadvantages of these cell balancing methods, this paper presents a guide for selecting a proper cell balancing method for energy storage applications.


The one-dimensional spin-$S {J}_{1}\ensuremath{-}{J}_{2}\mathrm{XY}$ model is studied within the bosonization approach. Around the two limits ${(J}_{2}{/J}_{1}\ensuremath{\ll}1, {J}_{2}{/J}_{1}\ensuremath{\gg}1)$ where a field theoretical analysis can be derived, we discuss the phases as well as the different phase transitions that occur in the model. In particular, it is found that the chiral critical spin nematic phase, discovered by Nersesyan et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 910 (1998)] for $S=1/2,$ exists in the general spin-$S$ case. The nature of the effective-field theory that describes the transition between this chiral critical phase and a chiral gapped phase is also determined.


The purpose of this study is to provide appropriate methodology to ensure the safety and integrity of the production riser in offshore structure. In order to select integrity estimation methodology for production riser, level I and II Non-destructive Damage Evaluation (NDE) methods that were applied to existing structures are classified and reviewed. Numerical analysis is performed to verify the applicability and capability on damage detection of reviewed methods. As a result, the damage detection methodology using modal strain energy is more sensitive in detection of the damage than other methods. In practice, the number of sensors is limited due to the environmental and financial conditions. The impact on damage detection performance by reducing the number of sensors is systematically investigated through a series of numerical analyses and the results are discussed. The optimal number of sensor for the integrity estimation of production riser is recommended.


Systemic amyloidosis is characterized by the deposition of protein fibrils in abdominothoracic organs, notably the heart, leading to organ dysfunction and significant morbidity. Patients who present with light chain (AL) amyloid-associated cardiomyopathy have a poor prognosis and median survival of only ∼ 9 mos. Cardiac amyloidosis is also present in many of the other forms of the disease and may be ever present in patients with transthyretin-associated amyloidosis (ATTR). Currently, no radiotracers are approved for the quantitative imaging of cardiac amyloid load.
 To address these needs, we have developed a synthetic amyloid-reactive peptide radiotracer, 124I-p5+14, suitable for PET/CT imaging. The peptide binds the three major forms of amyloid (AL, ATTR and ALECT2), as well as other, less common, types through multivalent electrostatic interactions with amyloid-associated glycosaminoglycans and fibrils. Herein we report safety, dosimetry, and efficacy data on the first 22 patients from the ongoing Phase 1, first-in-human trial of 124I-p5+14 in patients with systemic amyloidosis (NCT 03678259).

 Patients >18 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of systemic amyloidosis and not requiring heparin therapy are eligible. Subjects received <2 mg of 124I-p5+14 (<2 mCi) administered as a single IV bolus. PET/CT images for the initial cohort (n=3) were acquired from 25 min to 48h post injection. The second cohort of patients were imaged at ∼5 h and 24 h post injection. Image data were acquired using a Biograph 16 PET/CT scanner with a low dose CT. Uptake of radiotracer in the left ventricular wall was performed by automated image segmentation and standard uptake value ratios (SUVR) were calculated using blood pool as the reference tissue.

 To date, 22 patients (13 AL, 5 ATTR, and 4 other) patients have been evaluated. The gender-averaged mean whole body effective dose was 0.24 mSv/MBq. Cardiac uptake of the radiotracer was visually detected by a reader blinded to the patients' organ involvement in 85% and 100% of patients with AL and ATTR respectively, including patients with asymptomatic cardiac involvement - no cardiac symptoms or elevated cardiac biomarkers. The mean myocardium SUVR for visually positive AL and ATTR patients were 2.2±0.6 and 2.6±0.4. For visually negative AL patients the SUVRs were 1.0 and 0.9. In addition to cardiac amyloid, 124I-p5+14 uptake was observed in the nerves, ligaments, liver, spleen, adrenal glands, kidneys, pancreas, pituitary, and lung, with overall abdominothoracic organ-specific sensitivity of >90% based on clinical presentation. Sensitivity in the heart was 100%.

 PET/CT imaging of 124I-p5+14 provides excellent visualization of AL and ATTR cardiac amyloidosis which can be readily quantified as a means of monitoring response to therapy or disease progression. The 124I-p5+14 radiotracer was also capable of detecting amyloid in other abdominothoracic organs.
 AL and ATTR cardiac amyloidosis

 Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health; ACTP Gift Fund at the UTGSM


Objective
To investigate the effects of mothers suffering from disease on the preterm infants.

Methods
One hundred and eighty-seven premature neonates in accordance with inclusion criteria, who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics, Peking University People's Hospital from January to December 2012, were chosen as study samples.The preterm infants were divided into 2 groups: mothers with pregnancy disease group(observation group) and mothers without pregnancy disease group(control group). Then the general condition, causes of preterm birth as well as complications of preterm infants in the 2 groups were compared.In addition, the main types of pregnancy diseases of mothers were also analyzed.

Results
The incidence of caesarean section delivery[71.8%(84/117 cases) vs 52.9%(37/70 cases)] and fetal distress[9.4%(11/117 cases) vs 1.4%(1/70 cases)] were higher in the observation group, the differences were statistically significant(χ2=6.878, P<0.01; χ2=5.246, P<0.05). However, the proportion of infants appropriate for gestational age in the observation group was less[76.0%(89/117 cases) vs 88.6%(62/70 cases), χ2=4.404, P<0.05]. Chronic hypertension, pregnancy-induced hypertension, gestational diabetes and diabetes were the main types of pregnancy diseases of the mothers with preterm infants, accounting for 49.6%(58/117 cases), 23.0%(27/17 cases), 38.5%(45/117 cases) and 14.5%(17/117 cases), respectively.The ratio of premature birth due to pregnancy diseases was 51.3%(60/117 cases) in the observation group, significantly higher than other causes.While compared with control group, the incidence of premature rupture of the fetal membrane was lower in the observation group[18.80%(22/117 cases) vs 47.10%(33/70 cases), χ2=16.94, P<0.01]. Compared with the control group, the incidence of neonatal asphyxia[13.70%(16/117 cases) vs 2.90%(2/70 cases), χ2=5.892, P<0.05] and hypoglycemia[17.10%(20/117 cases) vs 4.30%(3/70 cases), χ2=6.661, P<0.05] were higher in the observation group, but the neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was lower[6.80%(8/117 cases) vs 17.10%(12/70 cases), χ2=4.87, P<0.05].

Conclusions
Hypertension and diabetes are the main types of pregnancy diseases of mothers with premature offsprings.Mothers suffering from pregnancy diseases can affect the fetus intrauterine growth.At the same time, it also increases the possibility of perinatal hypoxia, hypoglycemia and cesarean section.

Key words:
Caesarean section; Perinatal hypoxia; Pregnancy; Preterm infant


Enantioselective reductions are privileged transformations for the construction of trisubstituted stereogenic centers. While these include established synthetic strategies such as asymmetric hydrogenations, methods based on the enantioselective addition of hydridic reagents to electrophilic prochiral substrates have also gained importance. In this context, the Asymmetric Conjugate Reduction (ACR) of α,β-unsaturated compounds has become a convenient approach for the attainment of chiral compounds with trisubstituted stereocenters in α, β, or γ-position to electron-withdrawing functional groups. Because such activating groups are diverse and amenable of further derivatizations, ACRs provide a general and powerful synthetic entry towards a variety of valuable chiral building blocks. This review provides a comprehensive collection of the catalytic ACR methods involving transition metal, organic, and enzymatic catalysis since its first versions dating back to the late '70.


The potential for sand in Indonesia is very abundant because Indonesia has a long coastline than other countries. This research was conducted to explore the potential of beach sand as an alternative raw material to replace commercial silica. To obtain the natural silica, the beach sand was prepared and extracted into mesoporous silica. The reflux method was chosen to extract silica using NaOH solution, HCl solution, and CTAB surfactant. The mesoporous structure was potentially affected by CTAB and SiO2 ratio, and therefore, this research was focused more on the effect of CTAB weight variation (3; 4,5 and 6 g). Several instruments were used to analyze the characteristics of silica, such as Surface Area Analyzer (SAA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The mesoporous silica has siloxane (Si-O-Si) and silanol (SiOH) functional group and showed a coral reef-like structure. The porosity properties of these materials ranging from 300-385 m2/g for the specific surface area, 5-8.8 nanometer for pore diameter, and 0.4-0.8 cm3/g for pore volume. Optimal CTAB weight found to be at 6 g, which produces the mesoporous silica with a surface area of 385.928 m2/g, an average pore diameter of 6.015 nanometers, and pore volume of 0.579 cm3/g.


In his paper "Ecological Aspects of Equestrian Adaptations in Aboriginal North America," (AA 85:563-591, 1983) Osborn argues that the severity of north plains winters is the crucial variable determining the size of tribal horse holdings in western North America. This conclusion is made doubtful by three procedural errors: (1) the use of an improper measure of horse wealth; (2) failure to test alternate hypotheses; (3) dropping from consideration those tribes that do not conform to expectations and then using idiosyncratic explanations to discount their importance.


As more emerging applications are moving to GPUs, thread-level synchronization has become a requirement. However, GPUs only provide warp-level and thread-block-level rather than thread-level synchronization. Moreover, it is highly possible to cause live-locks by using CPU synchronization mechanisms to implement thread-level synchronization for GPUs. In this article, we first propose a software-based thread-level synchronization mechanism called lock stealing for GPUs to avoid live-locks. We then describe how to implement our lock stealing algorithm in mutual exclusive locks and readers-writer locks with high performance. Finally, by putting it all together, we develop a thread-level locking library (TLLL) for commercial GPUs. To evaluate TLLL and show its general applicability, we use it to implement six widely used programs. We compare TLLL against the state-of-the-art ad-hoc GPU synchronization, GPU software transactional memory (STM), and CPU hardware transactional memory (HTM), respectively. The results show that, compared with the ad-hoc GPU synchronization for Delaunay mesh refinement (DMR), TLLL improves the performance by 22 percent on average on a GTX970 GPU, and shows up to 11 percent of performance improvement on a Volta V100 GPU. Moreover, it significantly reduces the required memory size. Such low memory consumption enables DMR to successfully run on the GTX970 GPU with the 10-million mesh size, and the V100 GPU with the 40-million mesh size, with which the ad-hoc synchronization can not run successfully. In addition, TLLL outperforms the GPU STM by 65 percent, and the CPU HTM (running on a Xeon E5-2620 v4 CPU with 16 hardware threads) by 43 percent on average.


Despite the fact that fighting weeds was of paramount importance to the agricultural development of Canada, there has scarcely been any research on understanding the origins and history of these lowly plants. Finally, historian Clint Evans gives weeds the attention they deserve. In this ground-breaking study, which spans four centuries of weed history, Evans focusses on the evolution of the relationship between people and weeds in the formative years of western Canada. This book documents the arrival of weeds with seed from England in the sixteenth century, how these foreign seeds survived and thrived on the plains of North America for centuries to come, and governmental perceptions and legislations against weeds. Highlighting topics such as weed biology and ecology, noxious weed legislation and "weed science," Evans considers the delicate connections between human culture and the natural world. Energetic and accessible, The War on Weeds in the Prairie West:An Environmental History is the first full-blown environmental history of weeds in western Canada.


With the increasement of detected target amount,the extension of detection coverage and the improvement of submarine performance,the operational efficiency of submarine depends on the ability of information processing of submarine command and control system more and more.Thereby new requirements are put forward to the function and performance of submarine's operational software.Begin by analysing the operational environment and technique character of submarine,this paper expounds the function demands and command decision aid mode,and technique difficulty of development.


Academic achievement is one indicator success in student learning. Good academic achievement is supported by the ability of self-regulated learning included the medical students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-regulated learning and academic achievement undergraduated medical students of Universitas Warmadewa. This study is a cross-sectional non-experimental descriptive analytic research. All undergraduate medical student (n = 219) invite to participate. This study used Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) to measured self-regulated learning and grade point average (GPA) to measured academic achievement of undergraduate medical students. The result of MSLQ is correlated with GPA of medical students. Pearson correlation was conducted to determine the relationship between MSLQ and GPA. One hundred and ninety students complete the questionnaire (86.76% response rate). There was weak positive association between self-regulated learning and academic achievement (r = 0.256, p > 0.05). This study shows that a students who has good self-regulated learning has good academic achievement.


This paper presents two low noise amplifier (LNA) circuit topologies for ultra-wideband wireless communications in 0.13μm PHEMT GaAs technology. They are with source inductive degeneration and source grounded, respectively. The simulation results show that the LNA involving source inductor possesses good performances at 120MHz-3GHz. Its noise figure(NF) and voltage standing wave ratios(VSWRs) are less than 1.173dB and 2, respectively, while the maximum gain of 12.75dB is achieved with 0.63dB flatness. In contrast, the other LNA provides a decreasing gain varying between 10.992dB and 11.964B in a wider frequency range of DC-3.4GHz. NF and VSWRs are better than 1.287dB and 2, respectively.


On the basis of the kinetic research of C3, the model of C3 catalytic distillation hydrogenation tower was set up, which was resolved by the method of triple diagonal matrix, and the modeling computation was carried out on the basis of the design data of high pressure depropanizer in Yanshan Petrochemical Factory which was given by Lummus company.The result of modeling agrees well with the design data.


Background With the improvement of people's living standards, more and more people are paying attention to their mental health, and many people choose to travel to alleviate the impact of anxiety. Subjects and Methods This study selected 20 patients with different levels of anxiety, including mild anxiety, moderate anxiety, and severe anxiety, and divided them equally into an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group was treated with a combination of long and short acting drugs and green ecotourism, while the control group was only treated with a combination of long and short acting drugs. After six months of treatment, follow-up visits will be conducted to investigate the patient's anxiety relief. Results The survey showed that a total of 9 patients with severe anxiety in the experimental group had symptoms relieved, with 4 patients transitioning from severe anxiety to moderate anxiety, and 5 patients transitioning from severe anxiety to mild anxiety Among them, 4 experienced mild anxiety, while the rest were cured. 6 patients with mild anxiety were cured. In the control group, 6 patients with severe anxiety had symptoms relieved, all of whom turned to moderate anxiety. Among patients with moderate anxiety, 4 experienced relief in symptoms, with 3 transitioning from moderate anxiety to mild anxiety and 1 being cured. Four patients with mild anxiety have been cured. Conclusions The experimental results indicate that the combination of green ecological tourism industry construction and drug use in the context of rural revitalization has a good therapeutic effect on alleviating anxiety symptoms in anxiety patients Acknowledgement The Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology (2022 Key R&D and Promotion Special Project), No. 222400410137.


The planar Hall effect in ferromagnetic films has been investigated. Particularly the response to inhomogeneous fields has been studied in view of the method of detection of the Hall voltage (''one‐sided'' or traditional). It is concluded that ''one‐sided'' detection may be of advantage. The Hall response around the theoretical singularity of the transverse susceptibility has been studied. It is found that a very sensitive device can be designed, based on this effect.


The interaction of a hydrodynamic fluid with electromagnetic fields forms the new and interesting subject of hydromagnetics. Equilibrium solutions of hydromagnetic fluids are discussed, Then normal mode analysis of the time-dependent equations of motion of the plasma is discussed, followed by variational methods for more complicated geometries. Stabilization of the Stellarator is considered. A few selected topics are briefly described, including Heating Instability in the Stellarator, Rayleigh's Principle and Rotation, and theories with a Tensor Pressure.


This article proposes a leader–follower cooperative salvo guidance strategy to intercept nonmaneuvering targets by exploiting the advantages of supertwisting sliding mode control. An improved estimate of time-to-go, that does not assume interceptor's small heading angle, is used in the guidance design. This allows the guidance strategy to remain effective even for large initial heading of the interceptor. Under the action of supertwisting control, the error in impact time settles precisely to zero in finite time. The proposed guidance strategy provides robustness against uncertainties and a smooth control signal, along with finite-time convergence of error. The guidance performance has been shown for one-to-one engagement, and in a cooperative framework, to achieve a salvo in a predetermined time. Numerical simulations are presented for various engagement scenarios to aid the analysis, and illustrate the efficacy of the proposed guidance scheme, even under noisy environment.


ABSTRACT Familiar philosophical accounts of the relationship between human rights and human dignity treat dignity as the foundation of human rights. These accounts get the historical and conceptual relationship between rights and dignity wrong and obscure how power and politics shape human dignity in practice. This article sketches an alternative view that treats the emancipatory praxis of human rights as constitutive of a distinctive conception of dignity as egalitarian freedom. This political account clarifies the historical and conceptual relationships between dignity and human rights in ways that provide powerful critical leverage on some obdurate controversies in the field. Additionally, it makes the analysis of power and struggle central to our understanding of dignity and human rights at a political moment when such an analysis proves indispensable.


Crowd density estimation,with increasing attention,is the primary content of intelligent crowd surveillance. It plays an important role in the public security,management control as well as business decision. In this paper,we apply it in the situation of hospital with partition methods. We firstly divide the crowd image to sub images. Then for every sub image,we conduct quantitative analysis to the number of people with the function based on pixel feature and least-square line regression respectively. We also conduct a qualitative analysis of the density of people with the function based on gray level co-occurrence matrix( GLCM) and support vector machine( SVM).The number and density distribution of different sub images included in the whole image are obtained for real-time monitoring of the number of people in hospital with accurate location of the local density abnormity.


[This editorial is an essentially unedited version of testimony I presented to the House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (Subcommittee on Technology, Environment, and Aviation) on November 16, 1993. The hearing marked the release of an Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) report entitled "Researching Health Risks,†for which I was part of an advisory panel (along with Curtis Travis and a dozen other experts in risk assessment). The title of my testimony foreshadowed the dual message I hoped to convey: that more research to improve risk assessment is sorely needed, but that we ought not let that need blind us to other deficiencies in risk†based decision†making that may deserve equal or greater attention.]


A new method about belt driven test by means of computer is suggested.The measurement and control system is designed,which is composed of mechanism,data collection device,pressure sensor,photoelectricity velocity measuring sensor,DC PWM system and electromagnetic brake.The control software with a humanized human-computer interface is developed based on Visual C++ 6.0.The test of various parameters including rotate speed of belt pulley,output power,Elastic slide rate and drive efficiency are automatically realized.Experiments explains that the system owns high real-time performance and dependability,and that it has a good application prospect.


Growing number of applications store data in relational databases. Moving database applications to the cloud faces challenges related to flexible and scalable management of data. The obvious strategy of hosting legacy database management systems (DMBSs) on virtualized cloud resources leads to sub optimal utilization and performance. However, the layered architecture inside the DBMS allows for virtualization and consolidation above the OS level which can lead to significantly better system utilization and application performance. Finding an optimal database cloud solution requires finding an assignment from virtual to physical resources as well as configurations for all components. Our goal is to provide a virtualization advisor that aids in setting up and operating a database cloud. By formulating analytic cost, workload, and resource models performance of cloud-hosted relational database services can be significantly improved.


SUMMARY The efficacy of a Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine (SUVAXYN M.HYO®, Fort Dodge Animal Health) in the control of enzootic pneumonia was tested in three farrow-to-finish commercial piggeries, identified as suffering from chronic Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections. Within each piggery, piglets from four successive batches of sows were randomly allocated into two treatments groups. All the piglets of a given batch were injected either with the vaccine, between 3 and 10 days of age and 2 weeks later, or with a placebo. No side effect related to vaccination was observed. At slaughter, the rate of lungs harbouring pneumonia lesions was significantly lower in the vaccinated group (56.2 % versus 73.9 % in the placebo group, p < 0.001). The average pneumonia lesion score in affected pigs was significantly decreased (p < 0.001) from 7.0 in the placebo group to 5.6 in the vaccinated group. The pleuritis rate was also significantly lower (3.8 % versus 6.2 % in the placebo group, p < 0.05) in the vaccinated group. The pleuritis lesions were significantly less severe (p < 0.05) in the vaccinated group. No other parameter was significantly improved by the vaccine.


As with Chapter 17, this chapter looks at works of contemporary modernist
 cinema, but the geographical focus is shifted from Western Europe to other
 parts of the world: the Eastern bloc, Latin America and Japan. While a
 certain degree of cultural alienation is unavoidable in their consideration
 of films from these regions, certain directors also became key points
 of reference for Cahiers during this period. The years 1968-1970 saw an
 intense interest in the work of Miklós Jancsó, with Jean-Louis Comolli
 and others writing at length on its thematization of Hungarian history
 and its formal rooting in direct cinema techniques, while Glauber Rocha
 and the cinema novo of Brazil was heralded (especially by Sylvie Pierre)
 as a highly politicized and visually exhilarating movement. But it was
 Japense cinema, and most notably the films of Nagisa Oshima, that was
 of most interest, captivating Cahiers critics such as Pascal Bonitzer with
 their combination of political radicalism and psychoanalytic symbolism.


Mineral pigments are widely used in the ancient Chinese painting. Classification and identification of mineral pigments are important for cultural heritages conservation. As a non-destructive method, hyperspectral classification is based on the knowledge that different mineral pigments have distinct reflection spectra. This study acquired the hyperspectral images of 38 mineral pigments and established a reflection spectral library. Then Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) was used to classify the test data and 0.20 was selected as the optimal threshold. For pigments having similar color and spectra, SAM was unable to classify them correctly. Therefore, decision tree, a machine learning method, was applied to the classification of the pigments misclassified by SAM. For each pigment, 7500 samples were randomly selected as training data and 2500 samples were selected as test data. Though the ID3 algorithm, a decision tree for pigment classification was learned. Then test data was classified by the decision tree. Compared with SAM, the accuracy of classification observed from decision tree was obviously improved. For most pigments, the accuracy of decision tree reached 94%. The results revealed that the SAM combined with decision tree could effectively achieve a discrimination of all the 38 mineral pigments in the experiment, thus providing a new approach for mineral pigments classification.


The invention discloses a multilayer chip varistor. The multilayer chip varistor comprises an upper substrate, a lower substrate and terminal electrodes and further comprises a plurality of varistor units which are arranged between the upper substrate and the lower substrate, wherein at least two of the varistor units are of a cascaded structure, and the varistor units are connected to the terminal electrodes through extraction electrodes. According to the multilayer chip varistor provided by the invention, the capacitance value of the multilayer chip varistor can be manufactured to an ultralow level or kept to a certain capacitance value, so that the surging current surge resistance of the multilayer chip varistor is greatly improved, and the range of application of the multilayer chip varistor in a circuit as ESD (Electronic Static Discharge) protection or surge protection is effectively enlarged.


The invention discloses a preparation method of 3-substituted-3-hydroxy-indole-2-ketone bis-heterocyclic derivatives, relating to a method for preparing the 3-substituted-3-hydroxy-indole-2-ketone bis-heterocyclic derivatives through one-pot process. Diazo-compound and isatin are used as raw materials, metal Lewis acid is used as a catalyst, and a series of 3-substituted-3-hydroxy-indole-2-ketone bis-heterocyclic derivatives, which contain two adjacent chiral centres and a plurality of functional groups with nitrogen heterocycles and oxygen heterocycles, are obtained after a two-component reaction. Catalyzed by the metal Lewis acid, hydroxyl phenyl diazonium acetic ester is decomposed into metal carbine. Intramolecular oxonium ylide formed by the metal carbine and hydroxyl in the same molecule is capatured by the isatin in way of Aldol-like condensation and is transferred by hydrogen so as to form the 3-substituted-3-hydroxy-indole-2-ketone bis-heterocyclic derivatives. The invention has the advantages of high atomic economy, high efficiency, high yield rate, safe and simple operation, and the like. The 3-substituted-3-hydroxy-indole-2-ketone bis-heterocyclic derivatives are widely used in the synthesis of natural products.


High-dose-rate (HDR) interstitial brachytherapy is often included in standard-of-care for gynaecological cancers. Needles are currently inserted through a perineal template without any standard real-time imaging modality to assist needle guidance, causing physicians to rely on pre-operative imaging, clinical examination, and experience. While two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound (US) is sometimes used for real-time guidance, visualization of needle placement and depth is difficult and subject to variability and inaccuracy in 2D images. The close proximity to critical organs, in particular the rectum and bladder, can lead to serious complications. We have developed a three-dimensional (3D) transrectal US system and are investigating its use for intra-operative visualization of needle positions used in HDR gynaecological brachytherapy. As a proof-of-concept, four patients were imaged with post-insertion 3D US and x-ray CT. Using software developed in our laboratory, manual rigid registration of the two modalities was performed based on the perineal template's vaginal cylinder. The needle tip and a second point along the needle path were identified for each needle visible in US. The difference between modalities in the needle trajectory and needle tip position was calculated for each identified needle. For the 60 needles placed, the mean trajectory difference was 3.23 ± 1.65° across the 53 visible needle paths and the mean difference in needle tip position was 3.89 ± 1.92 mm across the 48 visible needles tips. Based on the preliminary results, 3D transrectal US shows potential for the development of a 3D US-based needle guidance system for interstitial gynaecological brachytherapy.


Polymers have attracted considerable attention in the synthesis of zeolites with controllable structures and morphologies (sizes and shapes) because of their three-dimensional networks, abundant functional groups and designed molecular sizes. Polymer networks can function as a space-confinement additive, a mesopore-forming agent, etc., and significantly affect zeolite nucleation and growth processes. This paper highlights the preparation of hollow/core-shell structures, zeolite nanocrystals, zeolite crystals with tunable shapes and mesoporous structure.


Empowerment evaluation was adopted by Stanford University's School of Medicine to engage in curricular reform. It was also used to prepare for an accreditation site visit. Empowerment evaluation is a guided form of self-evaluation. It was selected because the principles and practices of empowerment evaluation resonated with the collaborative and participatory nature of the curricular reform in the School. This article highlights one of the most important features of an empowerment evaluation: a critical friend. This individual has evaluation expertise but serves as a coach, advisor, or guide, rather than "the expert". The evaluation is in the hands of the people in the program, but a critical friend helps to keep it on track and rigorous. As one indication of the importance of this role, student ratings on selected clerkship rotations, where a critical friend was requested to respond to student concerns, resulted in significant increases in student ratings.


Prick skin testing for Aspergillus In a personal communication to Dr Auld (1978) I enquired why Aspergillus terreus had been chosen by Messrs E. Merck for inclusion in the range ofskin testing solutions whereas A. fumigatus was not available to practitioners. The reasons for my enquiry were that A. fumigatus is a thermotolerant mould with an ability to grow well at body temperature and capable of growing saprophytically and invasively within the respiratory tract (Pepys, 1969). It also has a regular pattern of prevalence in the air of the U.K. (Mullins, Harvey & Seaton, 1976; Mullins, Hutcheson & Slavin, in press). In a survey of the air at Cambridge specifically for Apergillus species (Hudson, 1969), A. terreus was not recorded and as a mesophilic mould it does not grow at body temperature (Raper & Fennel, 1965). Dr Auld and his colleagues justified his company's decision through the pages of your journal (Eaton, Auld & McNulty, 1980) with a comparison ofskin test reactions between the commercially available /4. terreus and an A. fumigatus extract produced by a sister company. A comparison of skin tests reactions was undertaken in Cardiff. Fifty-seven patients attending the Thoracic Out-patients Clinic at Llandough Hospital, Penarth, were skin tested with the standard commercially available extracts of A. fumigatus obtained from Bencard and Dome Laboratories and A. terreus from E. Merck. Twenty-one positive tests were recorded (37%) (using the criterion of a positive reaction being 3 mm or more greater than the control) and weal sizes measured with a Bencard skin test reaction gauze. Average skin test weal sizes were Bencard 3 5 mm. Dome 1-8 mm, Merck 1 3 mm, paired /-tests between Bencard and both Dome and Merck were significant at P= <0001 and between Dome and Merck were not significant {P= <0\). The results of skin testing are shown in Table 1.


In this paper, a method of optimizing the rolling amplitude needed for a stable and smooth walking movement of a humanoid robot is considered. The optimization algorithm was based on minimizing a cost function defined by the rolling overshoot. The amplitude of the rolling during locomotion was calculated using the lateral zero moment point (ZMP) position. The initial value of the rolling was the static rolling that corresponds to the position of the ZMP at the center of the support polygon. The algorithm consisted of performing a ZMP calculation at two points that correspond to single support phases. Simplifying the robot as an inverted pendulum, the gyro feedback controller parameters were tuned to have a passive-like walking motion and a faster response of the robot state to the equilibrium point at single support phase. Experimental results, using HOAP-3 of Fujitsu, showed that the algorithm was successfully implemented along with the locomotion controller. With the optimal rolling technique, the humanoid robot could exhibit a stable and smooth walking movement.


Oxidation o f six aliphatic aldehydes by pyridinium chlorochromate (PCC), in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO), to the corresponding carboxylic acids, is first order each in PCC, the aldehyde and hydrogen ion. The oxidation of deuteriated acetaldehyde, MeCDO, ex hibits a substantial primary kinetic isotope effect (kH/k0 = 6. 12 at 288 K). The ox idation of acetaldehyde has been studied in nineteen different organic solvents. The solvent effect has been analysed using Taft's and Swain's multiparametric equations. The rate constants correlate well with Taft's cr* values; reaction constants being negati ve. A mechanism invo lving transfer of hydride ion has been suggested .


OBJECTIVE To investigate the cellular toxicity of rifampicin used together with rifampicin and the metabolites of isoniazid on cultured QSG-7701 cells lines.METHODS Isoniazid,rifampicin,rifampicin and isoniazid,acetylhydrazine,hydrazine were added in cultural media of QSG-7701 cells and cultured for 48 hours.The survival rate of cells were determined by MTT method.The cultural media and cells were collected and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase were detected with chromatometry.RESULTS Compared with control group,the survival rate decreased significantly and the lactate dehydrogenase released from cell increased significantly in cells treated with isoniazid,rifampicin,acetylhydrazine,hydrazine.Hydrazine,the metabolite of isoniazid produced significant damage on hepatocytes in low concentration.CONCLUSION Rifampicin used together with rifampicin and metabolites of isoniazid produced cellular toxic effects and hydrazine may be the most toxiferous metabolite.


The invention discloses a compression and cold-storage portable powerless refrigerating device with an externally-connected power source. The refrigerating device comprises an externally-connected driving device, a refrigeration phase-change processor, an indication control device, a heat exchange pipeline group and a heat exchange package plate box, wherein the externally-connected driving device is detachable and is connected with a gas-liquid conveying pump arranged on the refrigeration phase-change processor; one end of the gas-liquid conveying pump is connected with a low-pressure gas-liquid bin by virtue of a low-pressure one-way valve, and the other end of the gas-liquid conveying pump is connected with a high-pressure gas-liquid cold storage bin by virtue of a high-pressure one-way valve; the refrigeration phase-change processor is connected with the heat exchange package plate box by virtue of the heat exchange pipeline group so as to form a closed loop. The refrigerating device is convenient to disassemble and convenient to carry, needs an external power source, can adapt to rotary driving and linear driving, is capable of refrigerating instantly for any need at any environment and any place, is safe and environment-friendly, is low in cost, can automatically adapt to the shapes and sizes of to-be-refrigerated objects, and is direct in refrigeration and high in efficiency.


Considering EU democracy promotion as an integral part of EU foreign policy, this article discusses the link between the EU's democratization discourse and the social construction of European identity. The narrative pays particular attention to whether the difference in power between the EU and less democratic countries affects European identity formation. The empirical explorations deliver the theoretical argument that the EU establishes an aporetic – contrasting but at the same time constitutive – relationship between a democratic European self and what the EU perceives as less democratic others. The difference in power between these two affects the content and intensity of the EU's democratization discourse, while there is no firm evidence that it directly impacts the process of aporetic identification. The discussion closes with suggestions for future research.


The homogeneous was used to optimize the processing technology of Aspergillus oryzae seed koji. The results show that the culture time is the most significant factor and the sequence of the residual factors are the square of culture time, the interaction between temperature and the time, the interaction of time and wood ash addition, the square of wood ash addition and the inoculation quantity. The results reveal that the optimized culture conditions are proved to be that the incubation time is 9 days, the inoculation quantity is 0.1×107/g, the dosage of wood ash is 1.267% and the culture temperature is 40°C. Under this condition, the prospective spore number of seed koji has reached to 1.89×109 /g.


Multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWNT) films were grown on nickel-coated SiO2/Si substrates by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition (CVD) using ethanol and nitrogen as a source material and a carrier gas, respectively. It is revealed that the In2O3:Sn (ITO)-coated glass placed in the reaction zone contributes to the enhancement of the carbon yield, the reduction of carbonaceous particles and the growth direction change of MWNTs. These effects are related to the suppression of the coalescence among the catalytic particles and the vaporization of the volatile compounds formed by the additional In, Sn and O elements evaporated from the ITO film.


BACKGROUND
The sterile insect technique (SIT) is a green and species-specific insect pest control technique that suppresses target populations by releasing factory-reared, radio-sterilized males into the wild. Once released, it is important to be able to distinguish the released males from the wild males for monitoring purposes. Several methods to mark the sterile males exist. However, most have limitations due to monetary, process efficiency, or insect quality. Aedes albopictus is naturally infected with Wolbachia at a high prevalence. Therefore, the elimination of Wolbachia can serve as a biomarker to distinguish the factory-reared male mosquitoes from wild conspecifics.

RESULTS
In this study, a Wolbachia-free Ae. albopictus GT strain was developed and its fitness evaluated, which was found to be comparable to the wild GUA strain. In addition, GT male mosquitoes were irradiated at the adult stage and a dose of 20 Gy or more induced over 99% sterility. Moreover, a dose of 30 Gy (almost completely sterilizing male and female mosquitoes) had limited effects on the mating competitiveness of GT males and vector competence of GT females, respectively. However, radiation reduced mosquito longevity, regardless of its sex.

CONCLUSION
Our results indicated that the Ae. albopictus GT strain can be distinguished from the wild mosquitoes based on Wolbachia status and shows similar fitness, radio-sensitivity and arbovirus susceptibility to the GUA strain, indicating that it is feasible to use the GT strain to suppress Ae. albopictus populations for SIT programmes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


A dramatic increase in agricultural production can be observed during the past decades in Brazil, mostly due to increases in yield. Furthermore the sugarcane production increased based on area expansion, mainly over pasture areas. In the same period Brazil became a leading global beef producer. Brazilian official agricultural statistics time series data on agricultural production from 1980 until today and census data at municipality level can show trends and consequences of agricultural and sugarcane area expansion, as well as, pasture area and livestock production. Detailed analysis is needed, considering for example the geographical distribution, the types of systems involved (e.g. purely pasture and integrated crop-livestock integration iCL) and management variables. Some efforts have been made in order to study these aspects, especially in the Brazilian agricultural frontiers. Sugarcane and crop masks obtained by satellite imagery can indicate where the expansion and intensification occurred. Furthermore detailed analysis, based on time series of satellite images, can indicate what type of intensification is happening and what management practices are responsible for that. As an example: animal rotation is a key factor in pasture management and intensification, it has been quantitatively evaluated in Brazil but just in a very limited extent, and it ́s readily amenable to remote sensing approaches. The goal of this study is characterize pasture areas according to their management with MODIS time series.


A mathematically defined Wigley hull form is used to investigate the application of a commercial CFD code in prediction of the total resistance and its components from tangential and normal forces on the hull wetted surface. The computed resistance and wave profiles alongside the hull were compared with experimental observations for six different Froude numbers to validate the simulations. The effects of grids, domain size and turbulence models were studied. A statistical hypothesis test was carried on these resistance data in order to determine the most suitable turbulence model for the lowest and highest Froude numbers.


Third party standing provisions in the EPBC Act are generous and permit a wide scope of review by environmental interest groups and individuals. A number of high profile proposals have been challanged in various ways providing the Federal Court with the opportunity to consider the application of the Act to referrals, assessment methods, preliminary works and bilateral assessment agreements. The decisions reviewed in this paper provide guidance for proponents in the formulation of referrals and progressing their referrals.


In the information age, data normalization is a key precondition to digitize the enterprise. How to effectively build the information model for manufacturing enterprise is the important research highlight in the PLM domain. The pool model discussed in this paper focus the research on the article characteristics for PLIB. This paper is based on the informed researches and the pre-existing deficiencies. On the view of decoupling the characteristic from article, the modeling works for the characteristic and the characteristic hierarchy are discussed respectively. The article characteristic pool is proposed for the modeling, and the engineering semantic is imported for the decoupling. As a system, the relative application mechanisms are also researched. Furthermore, the software system based on these models is developed to validate the feasibility.


Umpierrez GE, Isaacs SD, Bazargan N, You X, Thaler LM, Kitabchi AE: Hyperglycemia: an independent marker of in-hospital mortality in patients with undiagnosed diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:978-982, 2002

Introduction. Hyperglycemia at time of admission has been associated with increased hospital mortality in critically ill patients; however, it is not known whether hyperglycemia in patients admitted to general hospital wards is also associated with poor outcomes.

Design. A retrospective review of medical records of 2,030 consecutive adult patients admitted to a community teaching hospital from July 1, 1998, to October 20, 1998.

Aims. The goals of this study were to determine the prevalence of in-hospital hyperglycemia and to determine the survival (primary endpoint) and functional outcome (secondary endpoint) of patients with hyperglycemia with and without diabetes.

New hyperglycemia was defined as an admission or in-hospital fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl or more or a random blood glucose ≥200 mg/dl on two or more determinations in patients who did not have a known history of diabetes.

Results. Of the 2,030 admitted patients, 144 patients (7%) were excluded because no blood glucose measurement was recorded during the hospital stay. Data from the remaining 1,886 patients were analyzed.

Hyperglycemia was present in 38% of admitted patients; 26% had a known history of diabetes, and 12% had no history of …


Elevated skin temperature at the body/device interface of lower-limb prostheses is one of the major factors that affect tissue health [1]. The heat dissipation in prosthetic sockets is greatly influenced by the thermal conductive properties of the hard socket and liner material employed. This leads to a hypothesis that if the thermal properties of the socket & liner materials are known then the in-socket skin temperature could be accurately predicted by measuring between the socket and interface liner, rather than at the more technically challenging skin interface.


For any process that engaged with changes of chemical properties and physical is a heat treatment process by cooling or heating a metal. The technique for heat treatment includes, case hardening, annealing, tempering and precipitation strengthening, quenching and tempering. The mechanical properties like hardness, toughness and ductility can be altered by intense heat treating on steel to produce different mechanical properties. This matters with the carbon content in low carbon steel such as mild steel with above 0.4% carbon, in Medium carbon steel with above 0.8% carbon, and in High Carbon Steel with up to 2% carbon content in steels. To change the characteristics of metals and alloys is by heat treatment process where by altering the diffusion and cooling rate within its microstructure to make them suitable for any kind of usage by changing the grain size at different phases and changing the molecular arrangement.


What can you do to correct this? Physician leaders and their administrative colleagues must provide the necessary attention and resources to evidenceand value-based quality improvement efforts to achieve improved health and health care outcomes within organizations. An evidenceand value-based approach to quality improvement requires a systematic review and synthesis of the evidence regarding benefits, harms, risks, costs, alternatives and uncertainties of health care interventions as well as an assessment of the trade-offs between effectiveness, cost, the patient's perspective and the organization's priorities (e.g., considerations of the significant impacts of making clinical change, such as impacts on marketing, public relations and legal issues). A systematic approach to quality improvement is based on valid, useful and usable information and brings together leadership, culture, structures, processes, skills and the tools required to improve health care and health outcomes. Historically, however, obtaining valid, useful and usable information has not been easy for most organizations. Each week more than 10,000 articles are entered into the National Library of Medicine—many of these articles are case series, studies of poor quality or studies of inappropriate design and are likely to be misleading to readers not familiar with the basic principles for determining validity through critical appraisal. The two biggest issues facing health care organizations in the United States today are the rising cost of health care and maintaining or improving the quality of the care they deliver. It is estimated that 20-30 percent of all prescriptions, visits, procedures and hospitalizations in the United States fall into the categories of overuse, underuse (including non-use) and misuse of what the best available evidence tells us should be applied to provide quality care. With a national annual expenditure of $1.6 trillion dollars for health care, this represents waste of over $300 billion dollars annually—and often results in patient harms, including death. That means for every million dollars spent on health care in the United States more than an estimated $200,000 is likely to be wasted and is potentially causing patient harms. The significant variation in medical practice and its impact on wasteful spending across the country are well-documented and it appears that regions with higher spending do not provide better quality of care. In fact, Medicare areas with the highest spending appear to have worse outcomes in some preventive care areas. Moreover, a high incidence of underuse of evidencebased care practices has been found in high-cost regions of the country, suggesting that greater spending does not improve the use of evidence-based recommendations. Overall, it appears that adults in the United States are receiving only 55 percent of recommended preventive care, 54 percent of recommended acute care and 56 percent of chronic care recommendations. There are a number of reasons for this staggering amount of inappropriate care, but "uncertainty" appears to be a major contributing factor. The probabilistic nature of health care and the lack of needed information at the time of decision making by clinicians and patients results in significant amounts of inappropriate care. What is an Evidence-Based, Value-Based Health Care System? (Part 1)


Digital watermarking, as an important information security technology, can play a dual role of evidence tracing and encryption in Mobile Police System. In the process of uploading photographic pictures, the poor connectivity and stability of wireless network will greatly affect the robustness of watermarking algorithm. In this study, we proposed a blind watermarking algorithm based on SIFT feature points meanwhile with the idea of spread spectrum.The algorithm extracts sufficient sub-blocks of the host image using feature points to achieve high invisibility and extends multiple times of the original watermark to achieves high robustness and security. Experiment results show that the invisibility and robustness of watermark by using SIFT feature points are better than several other feature extractors and the algorithm meets the application requirements of Mobile Police System.


WSNs have gained increasing attention for monitoring various parameters of interest for a wide variety of applications, ranging from environmental conditions to healthcare. WSNs aimed at medical and healthcare applications are known as Wireless Body Area Network or WBANs. WSNs are very resource-constraint and mostly deployed in environments where physical access is difficult or impossible. WBANs however lack those limitations as they are easy to reach and their energy sources, e.g. batteries, can be recharged frequently. In terms of software, existing solutions for both WSNs and WBANs are either tightly-coupled hardware and software or very application-specific. Such diversity introduces many challenges for application developers. In this paper we will demonstrate how Sensomax, which is an agent-based multi-application WSN middleware, can be an ideal candidate for healthcare application, where multiple subjects such as patients and elderlies need to be monitored simultaneously. Our proposed architecture runs on Java (SE and ME) programming platforms for easy task distribution and data gathering with integrated supports for multiple concurrent applications, dynamic reprogramming, good scalability, and multiple operational paradigms.


The phenomenological Maxwell field is quantized for arbitrarily space- and frequency-dependent complex permittivity. The formalism takes account of the Kramers--Kronig relation and the dissipation-fluctuation theorem and yields the fundamental equal-time commutation relations of QED. Applications to the quantum-state transformation at absorbing and amplifying four-port devices and to the spontaneous decay of an excited atom in the presence of absorbing dielectric bodies are discussed.


Between them, NASA, ESA and ROSCOSMOS have taken us to the moon, Mars and beyond-but what have they ever done for us here on Earth?.


The connection of distributed generation systems powered by fuel cells (FCs) to the grid requires power electronics devices with high voltage gain, high capability of power processing and high levels of current absorbed from the direct current (dc) source. In this context, the authors propose the use of an interleaved boost with voltage multiplier (IBVM) converter connected to a FC and a voltage source inverter (VSI) to form a micro grid. To manage the power delivered by the FC in grid-connected operation, they propose two different control structures, mode 1 (FC cascade control) and mode 2 (controlling FC operating point). In mode 1, the dc-link voltage is adjusted by the dc/dc converter, while the injected current is controlled by the VSI. On the other hand, in mode 2, the VSI is responsible to keep the dc-link stable, while the dc/dc converter controls the current injected into the grid by means of the FC current reference. Since the VSI control structure has been exhaustively investigated in the literature, in this study, they evaluate the impact of the proposed control structures in the dc-side and also the IBVM efficiency. Finally, they conclude the study outlining the main points discussed.


The moral life history of the Chinese nation reflects the philosophy of the Chinese nation on a profound understanding of the ethical and realistic feeling. It reflects the conducts in society and spiritual demeanor of self-discipline. It is about how the Chinese people view life and how human behavior regarding the value of a series of major issues. It enbodies pluralistic integration of different development pattern, pursuit of iso-morphic value of home country, the life goals of adult sanctification, the ethical feelings of love toward public, the practical wisdom of the majority, and virtuous spiritual quality of self-improvement.


Objective\ To study the cardiac function in patients with leukemia and its clinical significance.\ Methods\ 50 patients with leukemia were detected by Color Doppler Echocardiography(CDE) before treatment and after complete remission(CR)with chemotherapy. The results were compared with 30 normal individuals as control group.The cardiac function, hemodynamics and anatomical structure of the heart were measured.\ Results\ Before chemotherapy,the systolic function of the left ventricles was compensatorily strengthened as compared with 30 normal subjects, such as CO,CI,HR,SV,LVEF and Vmax, which were significant( F=1.89-141.52,q=3.83-89.73,P 0.05,0.01).The diastolic function of the left ventricles was weakened, such as MVV E,MVV A,MVV E/MVV A,ACV E and DCV E, significant differences were found compared with the control group ( F=1.96-52.81,q=4.68-9.88,P 0.05,0.01).\ Conclusion\ A serious damage of cardiac function was found in the patients with leukemia. [


Simple Summary The current study was designed to evaluate the negative impact of thiacloprid (TH) on the brain tissue of developing chicken embryo models and to evaluate the modulatory effects of chicoric (CA) and rosmarinic (RA) acids. The eggs were injected in ovo with different doses of TH (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/egg). TH significantly increased the oxidative damage in the brain of exposed embryos in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.001). TH significantly elevated the oxidative stress markers; protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and DNA damage (p < 0.001). Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and NO significantly increased with overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ; interferon gamma, TNF-α; tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-1β; interleukin-1 beta), stress-related and apoptotic genes (NF-KB, Caspase-3) in the brain tissue on both a biochemical and molecular levels (p < 0.05), while downregulating the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2. Co-treatment of CA and RA with TH markedly decreased the insecticide-induced toxicity with a prominent synergistic effect (p < 0.05). In conclusion, TH is suggested to be a possible neurotoxic to embryos of vertebrates and possibly humans. The study also revealed the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, genoprotective, and antiapoptotic properties of CA and RA against TH toxicity. Abstract Insecticides are widely employed in agriculture to control pests and as major factors for enhancing crop productivity. Thiacloprid (TH) is one of the most-used insecticides worldwide. In this study, the negative impact of TH on the brain tissue of developing chicken embryo models and the modulatory effect of chicoric (CA) and rosmarinic (RA) acids were investigated. The eggs were injected in ovo with different doses of TH (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/egg). TH significantly increased the oxidative damage in the brain of exposed embryos in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). TH significantly elevated the oxidative stress markers; protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde content, and DNA damage (p < 0.05). Myeloperoxidase activity and nitric oxide significantly increased with overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-1 beta) and stress-related and apoptotic genes (NF-KB, Caspase-3) in the brain tissue on both biochemical and molecular levels (p < 0.05), while downregulating the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2. Co-treatment of CA and RA with TH markedly decreased the insecticide-induced toxicity with a prominent synergistic effect (p < 0.05). In conclusion, TH is suggested to be a possible neurotoxic to embryos of vertebrates including human. The study also revealed the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, genoprotective, and antiapoptotic property of CA and RA against TH toxicity.


Mass movement erosion is influenced by land management practices that affect slope hydrology and/or soil strength. Most research on erosion in New Zealand's pastoral farmland has focused on highly erodible North Island hill country with soft or crushed rock geology where space-planted trees (mainly willows and poplars) and afforestation are the most commonly used practices for mitigating against shallow landsliding, gullying, earthflows, and bank erosion. The most common types of mass movement in New Zealand are rapid, shallow slides and flows involving soil and regolith. Individual, mature poplar and willow trees influence the amount of landsliding within a radius of up to 12 m, and the influence of neighbouring trees through intermeshing of roots has also been shown to be important. The degree of slope stabilisation achieved is inversely related to the distance from individual trees and is also dependent on tree ages and the species. Previously quantified reductions in shallow landsliding using 10-m space-planted trees range from 70 to 95 %, but measured or assessed reductions of landsliding are often far less than this because plantings are inadequately spaced and/or poorly maintained.


Existing methods of hydraulic calculation of water supply looped networks is considered mainly transmission and distribution lines, without considering dead-and areas. In the design of water supply systems must take into account the area and configuration of the area, population density, height of buildings, standards of water consumption and other parameters that influence the hydraulic calculation of water supply networks. The principle of energy equivalenting allows to unite a plurality of dead-and areas, designating them as a fictitious line subsystem, which greatly simplifies the calculation of the whole scheme of the full length of the hydraulic system.


Scientists are racing to develop vaccines against the novel coronavirus. While some vaccine candidates may enter the market in record time, the current vaccine innovation ecosystem exposes governance lacunas at both the international and domestic levels.


Report describes principle of operation, design, and results of initial measurements on trapped-mercury-ion frequency-standard apparatus at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. New frequency standard being developed. Based on linear ion trap described in (NPO-17758). Expected to show much better short-term frequency stability because of increased ion-storage capacity.


The present invention provides a portable mobile communication tower (10) use for wireless communication applications comprising a) a portable cage (12) having side panels (38) and supporting frames (26) assembled thereof forming an enclosed base structure for the tower, wherein the structure is provided with adjustable stabilizer stands (30) and supporting legs (18) for leveling and supporting the cage (12) on uneven surface respectively, b) a mast or lattice tower (14) constructed in modular form and having an identical but in different predetermined size of sectional mast permitting the sectional mast to be assembled section-by-section by aid of removeably winch assembly; c) a bracing member (16) for supporting the mast or lattice tower (14) and serve as a supporting means to restrictssway movement of the sectional mast during assembling process; wherein the portable mobile communication tower (10) can be easily transported and rapidly assembled in place of used; and is able to dismantled and removed from the place in a simple, quick and safe mode so that can be readily transportable elsewhere or to be stored.


Research suggests that family involvement in the outdoors can enhance personal relationships (Freeman and Zabriskie, 2002). Yet for women outdoor educators, combining an outdoor career with family relationships is inherently contradictory. Long and/or irregular hours, residentials and increasing work commitments are congruent with traditional notions of career, yet they clash with social constructions of women's primary identities as partners, wives or mothers. Acker (1990) further argues that organisational cultures and career processes are inherently gendered, constructed as gender neutral, but unsuited to the social and material realities of women's embodied lives. In this paper I explore how 21 women outdoor educators constructed connections and disconnections between career and family in outdoor education. In doing so, I uncover how they negotiated their career identities and show how contradictions between home and work were exacerbated due to the centrality of the body to their outdoor education careers.


The historical development of Riau Province is inseparable from the waters, one of which is a river. The river is the only mode of transportation used. Indragiri Hulu Regency is one of 9 regencies/cities in Riau Province which is crossed by a river with a length of 500 km with a depth of 6-8 meters, namely the Indragiri River. River mode of transportation is an alternative mode currently connecting areas separated by rivers. Kuantan Tenang Village and Medan City Village, Indragiri River is the barrier between the two villages. The river mode of transportation is still the transportation used by these two villages as a liaison to get to the village. The purpose of this study is to describe people's perceptions as users of river transportation modes with case studies of river transportation modes in Kuantan Tenang Village and Medan City Village, Indragiri Hulu Regency. The method used in this study uses field observations through a questionnaire questionnaire given to users of river transportation modes in the case study location. The number of respondents is 50 respondents based on 9 characteristics. User perceptions of river transportation modes linking Kuantan Tenang Village, Rakit Kulim District with City Village Medan, Kelayang District, Indragiri Hulu Regency based on a study of perceptions of the level of service quality where the results of the analysis were obtained with a mean number of 4.33, with a good category, perceptions of tariff analysis where the results of the analysis were obtained with a mean number of 4.67, with a very good category, and perceptions on Mode Satisfaction where the results of the analysis are obtained with a mean number of 4.25 with a Good Category so that the results of the study of user perceptions of river transportation modes in Kuantan Tenang Village - Medan City Village with a mean number of 4.42 in the Good category are needed. The link to river transportation, especially those along the Indragiri river, is the construction of completeness facilities, namely the pier.


THIS is the first of a series of publications which will give the identity and/or positions of hitherto unidentified Old and Middle Kingdom blocks in museums and private collections. Many of these blocks have lain for years in museum storerooms and galleries, often unpublished or known only through rather murky photographs; other blocks have appeared as illustrations in well-known books and are familiar to us all. In the majority of cases, it is impossible to reconstruct the events which would explain why these reliefs were cut from tomb walls and how they came to lose their identity. It is nevertheless probable that some were removed by museum staff or archaeologists, whose failure to preserve the identity of each block was either due to confusion before the reliefs reached their destination, or to a breakdown in the system of coding used for identification. Certain blocks were no doubt taken from tombs illegally, or at some stage handled with scarcely any appreciation of their antiquity. These pieces have reached museums and private collections in a very sorry state, with edges jagged or flaking, and surfaces chipped, cracked, and stained. In this series of publications the basic aim is to trace the ownership of some of the blocks mentioned above, and, in doing so, to provide a more complete record of the scenes and inscriptions in private tombs of the Old and Middle Kingdoms. The identification and positioning of fragments is not a matter of observation alone. If this were so, one would expect far more success in the subject, especially since many blocks have remained unidentified since the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. An eye for detail is certainly important, but there are other factors to consider, and this first publication is the most appropriate place in which to describe them. I. Shape of the block. Although this is a significant aspect of relief identification, a few points must be borne in mind. The shape of a block may have changed through careless handling or deliberate cutting after its removal from a tomb, and the adjoining scenes in situ may have been damaged during the cutting procedure, so that parts of the original edge have dropped away. These possibilities mean that the edge


Background/Objectives: Despite an increased emphasis on personal recovery within both mental health services and the literature, there is little empirical research regarding the perspectives on recovery of individuals from black communities. Furthermore, the recovery literature has been described as 'monocultural', with authors noting a lack of emphasis on race, culture and ethnicity. If services are to be more recovery-orientated, then understanding the perspectives of people from minority ethnic communities will be fundamental in helping them to match the needs of the diverse communities they serve. By developing a framework of recovery for black individuals, this study aims to address this gap within the research. Methods: A framework of recovery from the perspective of black individuals was developed from findings of a qualitative study, which included a systematic review and narrative synthesis of the literature, 5 focus groups and 15 semi-structured interviews with individuals from black communities. The framework was used to design a module of the REFOCUS intervention manual which is currently being tested within a multi-site randomised controlled trial (RCT). A pre-planned sub-group analysis of individuals from black communities has been included as a secondary study within the REFOCUS RCT. Results: The preliminary framework of recovery included the following themes: the importance of spirituality and religion, additional stigma and discrimination, culturally specific facilitating factors, individualistic vs. collectivist values and system level barriers. Additionally, "being treated as an individual", "holding different explanatory models of illness" and "access to talking therapies" were all discussed by participants, particularly when asked about the ways in which services could support recovery. The "individuality" strand of the preliminary framework was used to develop the "understanding individual's values and treatment preferences" chapter of the REFOCUS intervention manual. Discussion/Conclusions: The preliminary framework of recovery from the perspectives of black participants will be discussed alongside practice recommendations and implications of this model for mental health services. Further empirical research is required to validate the framework presented. Funding: The practice framework was developed within the REFOCUS study; a five-year Programme Grant for Applied Research, funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR: reference RP-PG-0707–10040). Keywords: Recovery-oriented interventions, ethnicity, qualitative research.


The applicability of ten ornamental species cultivated on artificial foating rafts in eutrophic water,including survival rate,tillering,plant height,root length,biomass were compared in the study.The results showed that all materials could adapt in the environment of eutrophic water.Among the 10 materials,"Oenanthe javanica"," Monochoria korsakowii","Houttuynia cordata","Fagopyrum dibotrys","Lysimachia clethroides" and "Macleaya cordata" were the best in the eutrophic water environment,and that of "Lythrum salicaria" and "Iris wilsonii" were the better.Therefore,these species were quality ornamentals plants that were suitable to the eutrophic water environment.


Abstract— DNA purine modifications by ultraviolet irradiation have not been as extensively studied as those of pyrimidines. However, a number of such reactions have been identified. These include photochemical addition of amino acids, photoalkylation by alcohols, amines and other compounds, photochemical activation of procarcinogens to mutagenic electrophiles, and formation of covalent linkages between DNA purines and adjacent bases. The recent characterization of two adenine‐adenine di‐adducts and the finding of endonucleases from two sources that incise ultraviolet‐irradiated DNA at purine photoproducts indicate the possible biological importance of these moieties.


The modulation of the optical properties of semiconductor quantum wells at THz frequencies is explored theoretically. The modulation occurs via coherent optical/THz mixing since the modulation frequency can well exceed the optical dephasing rate.


Calibration is a technical activity which consists of determining one or more properties and characteristics of a product, process or service according to a predetermined special procedure. The purpose of calibration is to ensure measurement results comply with national and international standards. The purpose of this study is to design two mode digital pressure meter (DPM) device equipped with a thermo-hygrometer and pressure in which the design is completed with a selection mode to determine the positive and negative pressure (vacuum) using MPX 5050GP sensor as a positive pressure sensor.  In this design DHT 22 sensors is used to measure the humidity and temperature.  To test the leak test this device is also equipped with timer. This design uses a 2.4 inch Nextion TFT LCD screen to display data. Data analysis was performed by comparing modul with standard tools. In the measurement process, Mercury tensimeter was carried out 6 times the data and the smallest results were 0 mmHg on the module and 0 mmHg on the standard tool and the largest was 298.0 mmHg on the module and 300 mmHg on the standard tool. Data were collected in a room with a temperature of 31̊C and humidity of 87%. Finally, this design is applicable for daily used for electromedical engineer to calibrate the sphygmomanometer in the hospitals


Using methods of Rough Sets to recognize the license character, after the necessary pre-processing of license image, we divided each character as a 1 6 ×16 matrix, which matrix is the condition attributes of decision table. Using genetic algorithms to extract rough sets rules, the result of experiment shows t hat it has a good affection.


Air traffic controllers use a radar separation minimum when keeping aircraft safely apart. The choice of minimum needs to ensure, to a very high degree of confidence, that radar inaccuracies are not putting the aircraft into a risk of collision – controllers can of course be required to use larger minima for operational reasons. A particular separation minimum necessarily feeds back into requirements on radar design criteria, data processing and performance. The estimation of the radar separation minimum is significantly improved by the use of a new methodology. Previous derivations were a major step forward, but were 'static', in that they did not attempt to take properly into account how controllers use separation minima dynamically. An analysis on the use of separation minima in en route airspace by controllers concludes that they are generally likely to use the radar minimum to pass aircraft, rather than to use the minimum in a 'strategic' sense (e.g. 'in trail' separation). The new 'Event Model' methodology recognises that collisions cannot happen instantly: the aircraft pair concerned must move from a safe configuration to a hazardous one. Collisions are therefore events caused by flawed flight paths, dependent on both the initial positions of aircraft and their subsequent movements and velocities.


This is the story of a Jew from Israel, who dreams that he is a Marrano priest in Spain, who dreams that he is a Jew in Israel.… And as the reader stands between these mirrors.… and looks at the faces doubly reflected all around, there is certainly no need to tell him whose face he is seeing.


Invented spelling means the writing produced by young children (aged 3–7) before they are formally taught reading and writing or are at the beginning of the learning process. Their writing is more spontaneous than learnt. Children's early writing provides a window on their conceptualization of the written language, illustrating the process of developing language awareness and spelling skills. Invented spelling, together with phonological abilities and letter knowledge is considered to be a strong predictor for later literacy skills. The studies analysed linguistic conditioning for early literacy, showing how the way children are introduced to the world of sounds and letters influences their thinking about written language and their ability to write (Martins, 2007; Pasa and Morin, 2007; Senechal, Oullette, Pagan and Lever, 2012). This study presents some results of research on Polish invented spelling, describes an investigation of the development of early literacy and one of the factors influencing it – teaching method. The purpose is to describe the types of errors made by young Polish-speaking children (247 Polish children, at the beginning of formal reading instruction, aged 6-7). The task involved writing 12 words, which were characterized by a simple structure and a consistent relation between a grapheme and phoneme. The words were grouped in four series, which tested the manner of writing four sounds in different phonological environments. The results indicate that the most common errors involves letter omissions and are caused by problems with phonological segmentation, especially the sequence Cy . A comparison of two characteristic misspellings: Polish children (RBA 'ryba' – fish ) and English children (HLP 'help') show that the ways of access to literacy (teaching the name of letters vs. phonological training) have a fundamental significance to preschoolers' conception of the grapheme-phoneme correspondences. Word semantics is strongly related to the text comprehension (Häkkinen, 2007). The international comprehensive research PISA and official national academic placement tests assure that students have problems in word recognition as well as in text comprehension (Henno et al., 2007, OECD, 2013, Puksand et al., 2010). The aim of the present study was to find out the extent in student word recognition and text comprehension in the first and second stage of basic school. The longitudinal study was conducted in three consecutive years from Grades 3 to 5. Students' competences were measured in the lower-level and higher-level text comprehension tasks as well as in the vocabulary task. The students, who had better word recognition skills, had also better text comprehension skills. In addition, girls outperformed boys in three consecutive years in word recognition and in the higher-level text comprehension task. The girls' knowledge was also better in previously learned words. To support students' word semantics and text comprehension skills at first and second stages of basic school, it is necessary to take into consideration their gender and developmental peculiarities. develop thought and cognitive-linguistic capacities (Olson, 1998) which increase through the "putting in words".


The time of origin of the historical study of languages is well known. Whether we give primary credit to Franz Bopp, to Rasmus Rask, to Jacob Grimm or even to S. Gyarmathi, a principled approach to the understanding of the history of languages and change in language developed only at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Sir William Jones's powerful observation of 1786 on the 'same origin' for Sanskrit, Greek, Latin, Gothic and Celtic provided the impetus as well as the key to a proper understanding of the history of the Indo-European languages and through this to the new approach to the study of language in general (Pedersen, 1931: 11,18 et passim). The actual time of origin may be thirty years later, if we agree with Holger Pedersen's brilliant summary of 'linguistic science in the 19th century'; he credits 'Bopp's little essay [of 1816] as the real beginning of what we call comparative linguistics' (1931:257). The 'real beginning' of what we now call sociolinguistics is less clear. It is generally agreed that the editor of this special issue must be credited with the introduction in 1949 of sociolinguistics as a distinctive discipline of research. But as Haver Currie also agrees, accurate views on the position of language in society were expressed far earlier. Without searching for evidence in references to language among the Greeks or even earlier commentators, we may point to the intense attention to dialect study in the late nineteenth century and also to the concern for social variants like slang or the speech of differing social classes, discussed in section 4 below. Yet only since the time when Haver Currie called for the new discipline have 'a number of scholars ... combined concepts and research techniques from sociology, social psychology, and linguistics in the study of certain kinds of language behavior [to create the] new field of sociolinguistics' (Ferguson, 1970: v). The 'real beginning' of this new field can then be determined, but its approaches were applied far earlier, unlike those of historical linguistics, which evolved only in the last century and three-quarters.


This article presents a novel topology of dynamic voltage regulator using transformer and PWM AC chopper. The proposed voltage regulator employs an ac chopper converter to generate compensation vol...


This chapter explains the overview of knowledge sharing; the perspectives of knowledge sharing behavior; the barriers to knowledge sharing; the overview of communities of practice (CoPs); the relationships among CoPs, knowledge sharing, and information technology; and the utilization of CoPs to facilitate knowledge sharing in the digital age. CoPs can create the valuable opportunities for members to explicitly discuss the productivity of their participation in the group toward sharing knowledge in modern business. The strong CoPs facilitate the social interactions and encourage the members' willingness to share knowledge and ideas in the workplace. CoPs help promote a growing cycle of knowledge sharing activities that allow for the members to regularly meet, reflect, and evolve in the knowledge management (KM) environment. The chapter argues that utilizing CoPs to facilitate knowledge sharing has the potential to improve organizational performance and reach strategic goals in the digital age.


In modern societies, almost every individual is using technology for entertainment, communication or business purposes. Depending on roles and goals, as well on the application domain, the variety of data people work with is becoming more and more complex. At the same time, the growing technical possibilities to gather and aggregate multi-modal data from sensors and different services allow for evidence-based information systems enabling both humans and machines to make well-informed decisions.


The purpose of this paper is twofold. Firstly, we show how the Koster-Slater equations for impurities in solids may be applied to the simulated ab initio molecular orbital (SAMO) method. The resulting equations are modified and a method of generating eigenvalues and eigenvectors of perturbed molecular systems is discussed in detail. The method is shown to be much quicker than normal eigenvalue techniques for problems of the type involving interactions between small systems and large ones. Secondly, we compare eigenvalues and first-order properties of SAMO wavefunctions of octane with SCF wave functions. The agreement is excellent in all properties studied.


Introduction: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of lecture and teaching terminology methods on learning anatomy in radiology students. Methods: Fifty freshmen were randomly divided into two groups: control and experimental. The control group was taught through traditional method and the experimental group via teaching anatomy concepts and terminologies. Students were evaluated through mid-term and final term examinations. Results: Final term scores in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group. Conclusion: This study indicated that teaching anatomy terminologies motivates students to study more and prevents them from memorizing the materials.


Whether language acquisition stands apart from general human cognition or not is what separates domain-specific view from domain-general view of language acquisition,which are respectively founded on Chomsky's "mentalism" and Fodor's "modularity theory", and on Piaget's "developmental cognitive theory". In the view of RR Model, human innate predispositions toward language lead to the build-up of initial I-representations of language that are implicit, with language acquisition standing apart from cognition. Subsequent representational redescriptions that are intrinsically motivated, however, bring about a gradual explicitation of I-representations, which results in a build-up of multi-level E-representations, characteristic of growing access to consciousness and widening connections across domains, thus effecting a shift of language acquisition from initial language-cognition apart to eventual language-cognition coupled.


Abstract Three new species of the spider genus Leptonetela collected from caves in Greece are described: Leptonetela arvanitidisi sp. n. (male & female), Leptonetela paragamiani sp. n. (male & female) and Leptonetela penevi sp. n. (male & female). Detailed illustrations of the new species are provided. DNA barcodes were obtained for future use.


A class of time independent two‐dimensional integrable potentials, all possessing an invariant of the same general form, is constructed. One of these potentials is superintegrable, its invariants realize the symmetry algebra sO(3) for negative energies, e(2) for zero energy, and sO(2,1) for positive energies. A transformation of coupling constants reveals that in parabolic coordinates this potential is the harmonic oscillator acted on by constant forces. This and another potential in the class may be considered as successive extensions of the Kepler potential. The analytic properties of these integrable systems in the complex time plane are also discussed.


Prokaryotic proteases demonstrate a variety of substrate-selection strategies that prevent uncontrolled protein degradation. Proteasomes and ClpXP-like proteases form oligomeric structures that exclude large substrates from central solvated chambers containing their active sites. Monomeric prolyl oligopeptidases have been shown to contain beta-propeller structures that similarly reduce access to their catalytic residues. By contrast, Tsp-like enzymes contain PDZ domains that are thought to specifically target C-terminal polypeptides. We have investigated the sequence of Thermoplasma acidophilum tricorn protease using recently-developed database search methods. The tricorn protease is known to associate into a 20 hexamer capsid enclosing an extremely large cavity that is 37 nm in diameter. It is unknown, however, how this enzyme selects its small oligopeptide substrates. Our results demonstrate the presence in tricorn protease of a PDZ domain and two predicted six-bladed beta-propeller domains. We suggest that the PDZ domain is involved in targeting non-polar C-terminal peptides, similar to those generated by the T. acidophilum proteasome, whereas the beta-propeller domains serve to exclude large substrates from the tricorn protease active site in a similar manner to that previously indicated for prolyl oligopeptidase.


as quivering or butterflies in the epigastrium, muscle cramnps, nausea, vomiting, sweating, tachycardia, etc. There is a close relationship between the duration and the amount of drinking, the presence of dehydrati.on, electrolytic abnormalities or coincidental organic disease and the ultimate intensity of withdrawal symptoms can usually be anticipated. The problems of liver disease with cirrhosis, ascites, and hepatic coma are beyond the scope of this paper from the point of view of diagnosis and management. As the illness process develops the withdrawal symptoms may appear as early as the first day or two of a binge. Usually, symptoms begin during the night while the individual is asleep and his blood alcohol concentration is falling. Although these symptoms are usually mild, certainly in the initial stages of the binge, hallucinations and even seizures occasionally occur. These disturbances usually disappear as further drinking reestablishes a sufficient blood alcohol level to suppress them. Relative to the type of disturbance, the climate of the drinking and the availability of alcohol which is now a medicine, other symptoms such as withdrawal, depression, craving, anxiety, hyperaggressiveness will appear associated with conditioned disturbances of the alcoholic situation and impending withdrawal.


A new, simple, precise and accurate reverse phase H PLC method was developed for the estimation of satranidazole in bulk drugs and pharmaceutical form ulations. The mobile phase used was 55% methanol, 30% acetonitrile and 15% of 1% orthophosphoric acid and the pH was maintained at 4.2. The resultant chroma togram obtained has a high resolution and low tailing fact or (1.07). The linearity curve showed a correlation coefficient (r 2 ) of 0.999 for a wide range of drug concentration o f 0.2-1.0 mg/ml. The method was also validated in r espect


The invention discloses petroleum sulfonic acid and salt thereof as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The petroleum sulfonic is prepared by the following method: causing petroleum fractions and nonylphenol polyethenoxy ether to carry out sulfonation reaction to obtain the petroleum sulfonic acid, wherein the distillation range of the petroleum fractions is more than 280 DEG C under normal atmosphere, is preferably between 280 and 600 DEG C. The petroleum sulfonate is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: 1) preparing the petroleum sulfonic acid by the method for preparing the petroleum sulfonic acid; and 2) neutralizing the petroleum sulfonic acid obtained in step 1) with an alkali solution to pH value of between 7 and 9, and then obtaining the petroleum sulfonate. The petroleum sulfonate prepared by the method can reduce oil water interfacial tension to between 10 and 10 mN/m, has good universality for improving recovery ratio for different crude oil systems, and can be used as an oil displacement agent in oil extraction.


The success of metal-ceramic restorations is influenced by the compatibilitybetween base metal alloys and porcelains. Although porcelain manufacturersrecommend their own metal systems as the most compatible for fabricating metalceramicprostheses, a number of alloys have been used. The purpose of this study wasto evaluate the bond strength of CoCr alloy (Wironbond C) and NiCr alloy (Wiron 99)using shear forces at the metal-ceramic interface. A stainless steel cylindrical matrixwas used for preparation of the metal dies, application of ceramic and to perform theshear tests. Ten metal dies of each alloy were made for each alloy, and the metallicportion was obtained with the lost wax casting technique with standardized waxing of6.5mm of height and of 6mm of diameter. The ceramic was applied according to themanufacturer's recommendations with the aid of a Teflon matrix that allowed itsdimension to be standardized in the same size as the metallic portion, and shear testswere performed in a universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5mm/min.The mean shear bond strength values were 53.06MPa for Wirobond C alloy, withstandard deviation of 10.67, and 45.38MPa for Wiron 99, with standard deviation of9.01. No statistically significant difference was observed between the shear strengthof the two metal-ceramic alloys.


Tourist boards (DMO-s) with their social activity enhance the tourist product, thus raising its quality level and emphasizing the indigenousness of the supply. A research has been conducted using questionnaires with the goal of analysing the work of coastal and rural tourist boards in Croatian tourism. All together, 58 questionnaires from a total of 66 tourist boards in Istria and Primorsko-goranska county were collected and a descriptive analysis was made. The research is a part of a wider one conducted in the period from 2014 to 2016 in Croatian tourist organizations. The results indicate a disproportion between the actions of coastal and rural tourist boards from the aspect of initiating the development of new tourist products.


We demonstrated contact electrification induced interfacial redox reactions and developed a direct electrochemical nanoimprint lithography method applicable to crystalline semiconductors.


The purpose of this study was to analyze motivation, implementation of the TANDUR method in the subject of Islamic Cultural History at MI Miftahul Ulum Ngoro-Mojokerto. This study also wanted to know the supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing the TANDUR method in the subject of Islamic Cultural History at MI Miftahul Ulum Ngoro-Mojokerto. Classroom action research method by implementing four stages, namely planning, action, observation and reflection. The results of the study showed that the application of the TANDUR method was able to increase students' motivation to study, especially in Islamic Cultural History subjects. (SKI). The supporting fact in the use of the TANDUR method is the availability of technological facilities, while the inhibiting fact is that some teachers are still unable to compile learning tools.


The article examines the right to life as the main non-property right of an individual. The author analyzesthe different scientific views on the subject, and the position of national and international legal act.


Cells remove unstable polypeptides through protein quality-control (PQC) pathways such as ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and autophagy. In the present study, we investigated how these pathways are used in (cid:1) -thalassemia, a common hemoglobinopathy in which (cid:1) globin gene mutations cause the accumulation and precipitation of cytotoxic (cid:2) globin subunits. In (cid:1) -thalassemic erythrocyte precursors, free (cid:2) -globin was polyubiquitinated and degraded by the proteasome. These cells exhibited enhanced proteasome activity, and transcriptional profiling revealed coordinated induction of most proteasome subunits that was mediated by the stress-response transcriptionfactorNrf1.Inisolatedthalas-semiccells,short-termproteasomeinhibi- tion blocked the degradation of free (cid:2) -globin. In contrast, prolonged in vivo treatment of (cid:1) -thalassemic mice with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib did not enhance the accumulation of free (cid:2) globin. Rather, systemic proteasome inhibition activated compensatory proteotoxic stress-response mechanisms, in-cludingautophagy,whichcooperatedwith ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis to degrade free (cid:2) -globin in erythroid cells. Our findings show that multiple interregulated PQC responses degrade excess (cid:2) -globin. Therefore, (cid:1) -thalassemia fits into the broader framework of protein-aggregation disorders that use PQC pathways as cell-protective mechanisms. ( Blood . 2012; 119(22):5265-5275)


The invention, for the compound, and cell proliferation disorders, for example, relates to the use thereof to treat cancer. The compounds of the present invention shows a significant effect as a kinase inhibitor, causes a down regulation of c-myc, and inhibit the growth and survival of the cancer cell lines.


Although human red blood cell (RBC) suspensions exhibit viscoelastic behavior, the relations between this behavior and the viscoelastic properties of individual RBC are not well defined. Using an oscillatory Couette viscometer (oscillatory frequency 0.01 to 1.0 Hz, amplitude ±1°), we have measured the viscous (η′) and elastic (η″) components of the complex viscosity at 25°C for cells suspended in buffer at 80% hematocrit. Control RBC were compared to cells which had known alterations in their viscoelastic properties: (1) heat‐treated cells; (2) age‐separated cells; (3) cells in nonisotonic media (up to approximately 30% volume change). All suspensions exhibited decreases in η′ and η″ with increasing frequency, although the differences between altered cells and controls did not vary strongly with frequency. Suspensions of heat‐treated and maximally shrunk cells showed the greatest changes in viscoelasticity compared to controls: for heat‐treated cells, η′ was raised by 44% on average and η″ was raised by 6...