Axenfeld–Rieger syndrome (ARS) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder with genetic and morphologic variability and characterized by ocular and nonocular clinical findings. Midface hypoplasia and maxillary hypodontia are classical presenting features of this syndrome. This case report describes a dental condition, immediate treatment required and a long-term treatment approach toward a patient 5-year-of-age with ARS, who presented with significant ocular and dental anomalies.


Abstract:Enlightenment natural history with its collecting, describing, drawing, cataloging, and classifying of specimens has been critiqued within ecocriticism and environmental studies as naively empiricist, as part of an imperialist project, and as engaged in commoditization of the natural world. However, to brush aside natural history's practices of collection, representation, and classification is to dismiss the possibility that within these practices are ways of noticing the natural world that could contribute much to developing the attentiveness necessary to counter the political and economic forces bent on the unsustainable exploitation and consumption of the natural world. This essay offers the insect drawings of John Abbot (1751-1840) as an example of how the material practices of drawing, even those conjoined to Linnaean systematics, were deeply attentive ways of relating to the natural world. Abbot, an English naturalist artist, drew over 6,000 watercolor drawings of North American birds and insects, the majority of which are single sheet watercolors of moths, wasps, dragonflies, beetles, spiders, and other arthropods. These drawings, designed to aid in the identification and classification of insects, contain traces of Abbot's attentiveness, even respect for the otherness of these non-human subjects. Abbot's entomological portraits possess the hallmarks of the arts of noticing: an intense engagement and visual encounter with a chronically overlooked part of the natural world.


Today, the values of human rights, civil rights and especially the issue of gender equality (men and women equal rights) have become an urgent and decisive requirement for social progress. However, throughout the centuries, women's legal discrimination has been a historically common phenomenon on a global scale. Even in a country as proud of its democratic traditions as the United States, women are considered "second-class" citizens and their contributions seem to "disappear" in history. It was not until the 1960s - 1970s, under the influence of the Civil Rights Revolution, that the study of American women's history as an independent field attracted the attention of scholars. Within the scope of the article, the author focuses on analyzing two main issues: understanding the "second-class" status of American women in legal terms and trying to explain what causes inequality to exist. world in such a persistent way throughout the modern period (16th - 19th centuries) in the history of this country. From there, it helps readers to systematically and objectively view the efforts of American women in the struggle for their legal citizenship later.


The present invention relates to the field of diagnostic methods. Specifically, the present invention includes the steps of measuring the amount of the sample table 1, 1 ', 2, 2', 3, 3 ', 4, 5, 5', 6, 7 and / or 8 at least one biomarker from the and a method for evaluating the quality of, a biological sample comprising the step of evaluating the quality of the sample in relation to the basis of the amount of one or more biomarkers. The invention also relates to a tool, such as devices and kits for carrying out the method referred to above.


This paper is an exploration of the use of Internet technologies as tools that form a part of democracy promotion programs in authoritarian regimes by international development actors – in particular United States Agency for International Development. It discusses the role of development actors in democracy promotion, the role of the Internet and new media in democracy promotion and the impact this has had on Cuba's nascent Internet infrastructure. It discusses and asks questions about the role of development actors in the promotion of democracy, the emergence of online dissidents in Cuba and their impact on discussions pertaining to a so-called Cuban Spring and the challenges of introducing the Internet into Cuba.


The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) deployed a network of three boundary layer wind profilers at T-REX (the Terrain-Induced Rotors Experiment) in the lee of the High Sierras in the Owens Valley, California during the spring of 2006. T-REX studied the structure and evolution of atmospheric rotors and associated phenomena (including lee waves) in complex terrain (Grubišic et al. 2004). Atmospheric rotors are intense horizontal vortices that form parallel to and downstream of a mountain ridge crest in association with large amplitude mountain waves. They are associated with high levels of turbulence and are a significant hazard to aviation. The Owens Valley was extensively instrumented for T-REX, with radars, lidars, aircraft, surface towers, and a variety of other sensors. The wind profilers were part of the NCAR ISS (Integrated Sounding Systems, Parsons et.al., 1994) which include the profiler, a surface meteorology station, and at one site, a radiosonde system and sodar.


A strong component of current underwater robotics work lies in the realm of multiple vehicles and instrument platforms (VIPs). Successful fielding of functional multiple VIP systems will require that we first gain experience with the issues pertaining to the interactions between the participants, who must cooperate in order to accomplish complex and dynamic long term missions. Many current simulation tools are directed towards investigations into the motion characteristics of vehicle body styles and their propulsion systems. While these tools are essential in the design of vehicle bodies, they do not directly address the issues of cooperative behavior among a team of VIPs. There is a scarcity of tools geared towards the needs of researchers working with multiple cooperating VIPs2. To answer this need, we have developed the Cooperative AUV Development Concept (CADCON).


The article explores how the communicative and stylistic features of educational texts influence text interpretation by a reader. The study is based on the concept that the process of text interpretation represents a cognitive dialogue, featuring two main reader's intentions: 1) acquiring the method of analyzing empirical data, 2) understanding concepts described in text. The authors claim that the course of cognitive communication that occurs while reading is determined by both the subject content of speech, and by the structural and semantic features of metatext components. These components mark the reader's intentions and create the framework for two principal models of cognitive dialogue: dialogue with a methodological semantic dominant and dialogue with a conceptual semantic dominant. The article describes the marker systems that reflect the both models. The markers of the first model (vocabulary of a mental action, vocabulary of intellectual stimuli, vocabulary of specific analytical actions) express the potential limitlessness of reader's mental moves and do not necessarily include indicators denoting exhaustion of a topic. The markers of the second model (question and answer structures representing commentaries on the text content) include indicators that mark the end of a topic by mental vocabulary, and generate a finite number of reader's inner remarks. The obtained results ensure a more precise prediction of effects of cognitive communication between a reader and a text, and can be used to develop efficient academic and popular science texts, and lesson scripts. 2357-1330 © 2020 Published by European Publisher.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sorafenib in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma.Methods The clinical date of 33 patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma from September 2007 to April 2012 was reviewed retrospectively.26 were males and 7 were females,with an average age of 69 years.Pathological diagnosis showed 30 clear cell RCCs,2 papillary RCCs,and 1 unclassified RCC.These patients were treated by sorafenib 400 mg twice a day until intolerable toxicity or disease progression.The primary end points were objective response rate,clinical benefit rate,median survival time,median progression-free survival and the incidence of adverse reaction.Results All patients were evaluable for response and toxicity,with 8 patients (24%) of partial remission,19 cases (58%) of stable disease,and 6 cases (18%) of disease progression.The disease control rate was 82%,the median progression-free survival was 10.2 months,while the median survival time was 16.5 months.The common adverse reactions included hand-foot skin reaction (61%),diarrhea (46%),hypertension (21%).Most adverse reactions occurred around the second week after drug therapy,with the duration unequal.The majority of adverse reactions could be released by symptomatic treatment,which did not affect the medication.Conclusion Sorafenib has good short term efficacy for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma,and most adverse reactions were tolerable.

Key words:
Sorafenib;  Advanced renal cell carcinoma;  Targeted therapy


Abstract When estimating a firm's cost of equity for valuation and other purposes in emerging markets without (or with only partial) capital market integration, many practitioners include a premium for country risk. In principle, the inclusion of such a risk factor would be justified if the particular country of interest was not sufficiently integrated into the global capital market. Initially, the paper measures and tests the degree of integration for the Brazilian market and does not reject the hypothesis of integration. The paper then tests directly the relevance of country risk premium in individual stocks' expected returns in the Brazilian market. Monthly data for the stocks of 57 of the most actively traded, non-financial firms, over the 2004 to 2014 period are used, using EMBI (Emerging Markets Bond Index) as a proxy for country risk, and this is found not to be significant. Finally, a premium for the size factor, also commonly used by practitioners, is also tested. Although it is found to be significant, the premium is negative, in contrast with current practice, which entails the addition of a positive premium to the required returns on small stocks. The inclusion of both a country risk and a size premium, in addition to the market portfolio risk premium, corresponds to the use of the


The effects of ultrasonic power and ultrasonic treating time on crystallization temperature of the saturated NH4Cl solution,grain size and secondary dendrite were studied.In the experiments it is shown that in the same crystallizating conditions,with the extension of ultrasonic processing time,the grain refinement becomes more obvious,and the distance between secondary dendrites increases.At the same time,with the increase of ultrasonic power,the grain refines,the distance between the secondary dendrite increases,and the impulsion of dendrite root enhances,when it achieves a certain degree,the influence of ultrasonic power is the most obvious.


A series of monomeric acrylate/methacrylate esters (methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, and ethyl methacrylate) as well as acrylic acid were examined for genotoxic activity in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells without exogenous activation. All five compounds induced concentration‐dependent increases in mutant frequency. Small‐colony, trifluorothymidine‐resistant mutants were primarily induced, which suggests that these compounds may act via a clastogenic mechanism. This prediction was confirmed by the finding that all five compounds produced gross chromosome aberrations in mouse lymphoma cells. The two acrylates were much more potent in their response than acrylic acid. Methyl acrylate (22 μg/ml, survival = 18%) induced 385 mutants/106 survivors (total mutant frequency less the spontaneous mutant frequency) and 45 chromosome aberrations/100 cells analyzed (total aberrations less the spontaneous background). Ethyl acrylate (37.5 μg/ml, survival = 15%) induced 683 mutants/106 survivors.


With the increasing demand and production of processed meat food, safety for the consumers is an aspect of great importance and it is a challenging task. It is well known that hazards (mainly pathogens) associated with food be the cause of food borne illness. Public health safety is a serious issue and can be prevented by adopting HACCP in food chain. HACCP program has been developed for consumer food safety as well as to protect manufacturer from food safetyrelated issues. The objective of this study is to determine the food safety measures related to the implementation of HACCP in frozen boneless buffalo meat manufacturing industry.


The glomus tumour is a rare, benign, condition in which painful hamartomas arising from the arterial end of the glomus body are observed. They account for for 1% - 4.5% of soft tissue tumours of the hand. The presentation is at an earlier stage due to intense pressure pain. It most commonly affects the distal phalanges. We present a case of a asian female patient with a subungual glomus tumour who presented with intense pain on pressure or accidental trauma. Hildreths sign and Loves test were positive. MRI contrast enhanced study was performed and diagnosis of subungual glomus tumour was established. Surgical resection through transungual approach was performed and histopathology confirmed the pre-operative diagnosis of subungual glomus tumour . We describe the imaging features of MRI study in our case report.


In order to test the recently proposed classification of the radio/X-ray states of the X-ray binary Cygnus X-3 (Cyg X-3), we present an analysis of the radio data available for the system at much higher spatial resolutions than used for defining the states. The radio data set consists of archival Very Long Baseline Array data at 5 or 15 GHz and new electronic European Very Long Baseline Interferometry Network data at 5 GHz. We also present 5-GHz Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network observations of an outburst of Cyg X-3. In the X-ray regime, we use quasi-simultaneous with radio, monitoring and pointed Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations. We find that when the radio emission from both jet and core is globally considered, the behaviour of Cyg X-3 at mas scales is consistent with that described at arcsec-scales. However, when the radio emission is disentangled in a core component and a jet component, the situation changes. It becomes clear that in active states the radio emission from the jet is dominating that from the core. This shows that in these states the overall radio flux cannot be used as a direct tracer of the accretion state.


The present paper reports the occurrence  of  mites on vegetable crops grown in South 24 Pargonas  District of West Bengal and reports 34 species of mites under 18 genera and 8 families representing 3 orders.The hosts, their abundance, damages, caused, if any, and their importance are highlighted in this communication.


In this paper, we intend to report the idea of sharing pathos via broadband circuit to care elderly patient. We have performed several experiment and confirmed their reaction with the huge display system. It is a small in size of virtual reality environment of CAVE. We believe that the pathos element might be very important to care elderly patient at home via broadband communication circuit.


Performance of space-time block codes can be improved using the coordinate interleaving of the input symbols from rotated M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) and M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (MQAM) constellations. This paper is on the performance analysis of coordinate-interleaved space-time codes, which are a subset of single-symbol maximum likelihood decodable linear space-time block codes, for wireless multiple antenna terminals. The analytical and simulation results show that full diversity is achievable. Using the equivalent single-input single-output model, simple expressions for the average bit error rates are derived over flat uncorrelated Rayleigh fading channels. Optimum rotation angles are found by finding the minimum of the average bit error rate curves.


This article describes the UK charter carrier market and focuses on the activities of five major airlines-Britannia Airways, British Airtours, Dan-Air, Laker Airways, and Monarch Airlines. The UK non-scheduled carriers have apparently not been affected by inflation, the devaluation of the Pound sterling or the leap in fuel prices. They have demonstrated their flexibility and entrepreneurial skill by finding alternative solutions and remaining financially sound. The UK Civil Aviation Authority has not hampered independant carriers by giving preferential treatment to the national carrier. The Authority's policy is to impose the least restraint on the industry and encourage the provision of profitable services by British airlines in both public and private sectors. It is noted that the independant carriers have the distinct advantage of having two London airports at their disposal-Gatwick and Lutton. Both have rail and road links and have excellent passenger facilities.


Further accession relating to research and administration in the Physics School 1971-1980. Additional material relating to conferences, research, students, publications, before and during time in the Physics School, 1953-1986.


Introduction Currently existingquality training programsfor hospice volunteersand staffenableworkers not only to support terminally ill individuals during life's final transitionbutalsoto help family membersacceptand grieve their losses.Frequentlyhospiceexperiencesresuit in a personal strengtheningof survivorandfamily relationships. Trained workersare well aware of the Kubler-Ross stagesof dyingandgrieving,1andof thewidevariation in individual andfamily responses to theissuesandcrisesinvolved. In addition, however,knowledgeof commonexperiencing,generalgoals,andmethodsfor accomplishingthem with families can greatly facilitate family communication,decreaseworker anxiety, and increasethe likelihood of positive resolution in the grieving process.


Intense ultrashort optical lasers can be used to generate x rays that can photo-ionize inner-shell electrons in a range of elements. For a sufficiently intense and short pulse of x rays, lasing can occur in the filling of the inner-shell hole [1]. In these x-ray laser schemes, the very fast Auger decay of the upper laser level requires a very intense source of x-rays and the filling of the lower laser level requires a very fast rise time for the x rays. Inner-shell schemes are of particular interest because of their potential for lasing at short wavelengths. Collisional x-ray laser schemes using Ni-like ions have demonstrated lasing down to 35 Å (Ni-like Au) but cannot be extended below 20 Å (Ni-like U) [2]. Photoionization of the K-shell offers the possibility of x-ray lasing in the wavelength range from 15 down to 5 Å for elements from Ne to K.


A numerical study of liquid–based variable lenses is presented in this paper. The effect of applied voltage and the contact angle of the surface are taken into account. The conservation of mass and the Navier–Stokes equations for a Newtonian incompressible fluid were solved to model the fluid flow both inside and outside the droplet. The electrohydrodynamic equations have been solved using the commercial software COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS™ based on the finite element method. It was found that by increasing the viscosity ratio, the time response decreases which can be suitable for camera purposes.


Tsurunuma lake is in a eutrophic condition. T-P, chlorophyll-a and SS concentrations of lake water are relatively high. High-speed clarification process (1.0m3/h capacity) was tested for the purification of lake water. It was found that under 80-200 m/h mirror velocity condition, morethan 80% SS, 90% turbidity, 80% T-P and 80% chlorophyll-a removal rates were achieved. Thus, the high speed clarification process is usefull to apply for lake water purification.


This research evaluated the method of thin layer chromatography combined with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TLC-SERS) for the purpose of separating and identifying controlled substances. This technique adheres to the current standards set forth by the Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (SWGDRUG) and requires less time, money, and sample when compared to other methods of drug analysis. Analyzing illicit drugs and drug mixtures using TLC-SERS involves separating mixtures on a TLC plate then, through the addition of a metallic colloid, identifying the components directly from that TLC plate using Raman spectroscopy. SERS corrects for the two main disadvantages of normal Raman spectroscopy: low sensitivity and fluorescence. The controlled substances cocaine, methamphetamine, 3,4methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), and codeine were analyzed using TLC-SERS, which proved to be a successful method of separation and identification. Introduction Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and surfaceenhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) proved to be an ideal method for the separation and identification of controlled substances. This method has the potential to benefit the forensic science community because it required smaller sample sizes and reduced sample preparation compared to other commonly used methods for illicit drug analysis and identification. This combined technique is also a rapid, reliable, and repeatable way to analyze controlled substances and controlled substance mixtures. Forensic laboratories often encounter cases involving drugs and controlled substances. A drug is any substance that produces physiological or psychological changes within the body after ingestion. A controlled substance is any drug that is deemed illegal unless prescribed by a physician. Because controlled substances are commonly analyzed in forensic laboratories, a rapid and reliable method of analysis is a necessity. A technique that requires minimal amounts of drug sample is also important because criminal cases do not always have large quantities of evidence to test. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) divides controlled substances into five schedules based on their potential for abuse, the accepted medical use of a substance, and the safety associated with use of a substance. These five controlled drug schedules are compared in Figure 1. The controlled substances used for this research were chosen because they are commonly encountered in crime laboratories, and have various levels of dependency and abuse risk. The most dangerous and regulated drug analyzed in this study is 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA). MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy or Molly, is a schedule I controlled substance that has a high potential for abuse, severe psychological and/or physical dependency, and has no accepted medical use. Schedule II controlled substances, such as cocaine and methamphetamine, have a high potential for abuse and severe dependency but have accepted medical applications. Codeine is characterized as a schedule III controlled substance, which has a moderate potential for abuse and dependency. Figure 1: Schedule of controlled substances The protocol for the analysis of controlled substances in forensic laboratories should adhere to standards set by the Scientific Working Group for the Analysis of Seized Drugs (SWGDRUG). Techniques for analysis are put into three categories based on the discriminating power of each of technique (see Figure 2). For a positive drug identification, SWGDRUG recommends that a technique from category A be paired with a technique from either category B or C. When a Category A technique is not used, at least three different validated methods from category B or C should be performed Figure 2: SWGDRUG's analytical technique categorization The methods used in this research follow these SWGDRUG recommendations. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) from category B and Raman spectroscopy from category A were used to separate and identify the drug samples. TLC is commonly used as a screening tool in forensic science because it is rapid, inexpensive, and efficient when separating and analyzing components of a mixture. TLC is categorized as a category B technique by SWGDRUG, and is commonly used in forensic laboratories as a screening tool in the examination of controlled substances. This chromatography technique involves depositing the sample onto a planar stationary phase (often silica gel on glass), and using a liquid mobile phase that travels up the stationary phase by capillary action. The components of the sample move at different rates depending on the component's size and affinity for the mobile phase. The ending result is a plate of spots (separated components of the mixture) that have travelled various distances. The retention factor of each component of the mixture is then calculated by dividing the distance the component travelled by the distance the solvent travelled. Retention factors are used as a quick way to make a preliminary identification of a substance, but are not specific to a single compound. Thus positive identification is not possible with TLC alone, which is why it must be paired with a category A confirmation method of identification. Raman spectroscopy is an identification method from SWGDRUG category A that looks at the frequency change of a light source due to its interaction with the sample. A spectrum is obtained when the instrument shines a laser light source onto a sample then detects the inelastic scattering of light. Inelastic scattering occurs when the frequency of photons in the laser change after the photons interact with the sample. This scattering allows lowfrequency changes, in this case vibration, to be detected in the sample's molecules. The vibrational frequency depends upon the molecular structure of the sample being tested. There are many advantages to this technique for identification such as minimal sample preparation, accurate identification analysis, and the non-destructive nature of the technique. The major limitations to Raman spectroscopy are the weak signal produced with many samples and the interference due to fluorescence. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, SERS, essentially mirrors the procedure for Raman spectroscopy and is a technique that enhances the scattering procedure, which essentially corrects for the two disadvantages of normal Raman spectroscopy: low sensitivity and fluorescence. The main difference between Raman spectroscopy and SERS is the addition of a metallic colloid, which allows for enhancements up to 10 in scattering efficiency, thus improving the sensitivity (see Figure 3). The addition of a metal colloid boosts the Raman scattering signal of the molecules and allows for spectra to be collected from samples that cannot be detected using normal Raman spectroscopy. A SERS spectrum can be acquired quickly and still includes all the advantages of normal Raman spectroscopy. Spectra are unique to single compounds and therefore allow this method to be used as a technique for identification. These advantages make it one of the most sensitive methods for identification. Figure 3: TLC-SERS analytical procedure, showing the deposition of the silver colloid directly onto the visualized and marked TLC spots. Following this addition, the spots were analyzed with the Raman microspectrophotomer equipped with a 780 nm frequency-stabilized single mode diode laser Materials and Methods Four common controlled substances were analyzed using TLC-SERS: cocaine, methamphetamine, MDMA, and codeine. Caffeine was used as an adulterant in drug mixture analysis. Pure samples of these drugs were analyzed with Raman spectroscopy and SERS in order to identify the spectra associated with each drug and method. The Raman spectrometer used was a dispersive Raman equipped with a 780 nm frequency-stabilized single mode diode laser (see Figure 4). The parameters were set to collect a spectrum with a target signal to noise ratio of 500 and a three minute maximum collection time. To ensure the Raman microspectrophotometer was working properly, a polystyrene reference standard was analyzed daily to check the wavelength calibration. Figure 4: The dispersive Raman microspectrophotometer that was used in this research. The same procedure was carried out for all four drug analyses. A drug sample of 0.100g was weighed out and placed into a vial. From that vial, 0.0100g was combined with 2.5mL of methanol to make a liquid solution with a concentration of 4 mg/mL of each drug. Before TLCSERS was conducted, preliminary analysis was done using the solid drug samples and drug solutions. First, a small amount of controlled substance was placed onto an aluminum slide and focused on the Raman microscope. Once the sample was focused, it was analyzed using normal Raman spectroscopy. For the drug solutions, a small amount of liquid was placed onto an aluminum slide and allowed to evaporate. A thin film of drug would develop on the slide. That film was focused on the Raman microscope and then analyzed using normal Raman. Next, both the solid drug and drug solutions were analyzed in the same fashion except with the addition of one drop of silver colloid onto the sample. This was completed in order to compare the normal Raman and the SERS spectra. Before separation, the silica gel TLC plates were spotted using the drug solutions. A capillary was used to transfer the drug solution onto the TLC plate. Once a sufficient amount of solution was transferred onto the TLC plate, the plate was placed into a TLC bath tank. The bath was composed of a 9:1 solution of chloroform to methanol. The plate took approximately 20-25 minutes to completely separate. After the plate was separated, it was removed from the tank then allowed to dry. The spots were then visually identified using a short-wave ultraviolet (UV) light source. To recognize the placement of the spots, a circle was drawn arou


Network administrators and security analysts often do not know what network services are being run in every corner of their networks. If they do have a vague grasp of the services running on their networks, they often do not know what specific versions of those services are running. Actively scanning for services and versions does not always yield complete results, and patch and service management, therefore, suffer. We present Net-State, a system for monitoring, storing, and reporting application and operating system version information for a network. NetState gives security and network administrators the ability to know what is running on their networks while allowing for user-managed machines and complex host configurations. Our architecture uses distributed modules to collect network information and a centralized server that stores and issues reports on that collected version information. We discuss some of the challenges to building and operating NetState as well as the legal issues surrounding the promiscuous capture of network data. We conclude that this tool can solve some key problems in network management and has a wide range of possibilities for future uses.


"The aim of this research, commissioned by the Office of the Children's Commissioner and carried out by a team from the University of East Anglia, was to seek children and young people's views of the child protection system and to consider how those views might contribute to improving responses to abuse and neglect. It aimed to gather the views of children and young people living with their parents, who all had a child protection plan in place. The research is timely as it comes during a period when the child protection system in England is being reviewed. We hope that the findings will be of interest to children and families involved in child protection, as well as to professionals working with children and to policy makers." - Page 7.


The snow depth may be under estimated from the passive microwave remote sensing data at the frequency of 36. 5 GHz due to the saturation of the microwave signal detected by the remote sensor,thus,a new segmental modeling approach for snow depth estimation was created by combining the brightness temperature differences between 18. 7 GHz and 36. 5 GHz channels and between 10. 7 GHz and 18. 7 GHz channels. Afterwards,the brightness temperature data acquired by the AMSR2( Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2) sensor onboard the GCOM- W1 satellite were used to test the model and the snow depth of Xinjiang from December 2012 to February2013 was estimated. The observations collected by the Xinjiang meteorological stations and field in-situ measurements of snow depth were employed to assess the estimation. The results show that the segmental approach can identify the spatial distribution of snow covers and accurate estimation of snow depth can be achieved,which obviously outperforms the result using Chang's algorithm.


is not clear, moreover, why the virginity in partu is discussed in both chapters 2 and 6, and the fiat in both chapters 1 and 3. Boss's work is at times quite dense, and she seems to labour for little Marian reward in chapter 5 over the intellectual heritage of Homer, Marcuse, Freud, and Weber. But two chapters definitely not to be skipped are the thought-provoking chapters 1 and 2, which pre-


Abstract : The overall objective of the audit was to determine the fairness, accuracy, completeness, and reliability of the DFAS Denver Center's consolidation of Air Force financial data and preparation of the Air Force's financial statements for FY 1993. As part of the audit, we examined associated internal controls and compliance with existing laws and regulations.


The purpose of this article is to present the effect and follow-up results of combined single-tooth vital bleaching when discoloration is due to pulp canal obliteration. In these cases, discoloration was managed successfully via home bleaching with a customized single-tooth tray and in-office bleaching without root canal treatment.


The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor (RB) is mechanistically linked to suppression of E2F1-mediated cell cycle regulation. Abrogation of RB function is associated with poor clinical outcome across various tumor types, which frequently elicit a preference for either RB depletion or functional inactivation, yet the basis for selectivity is unknown. Here, examination of RB pathway alterations in advanced prostate cancer revealed that cyclin dependent kinase (CDK)/cyclin/CDKi alterations are infrequent, and identify RB loss as the major mechanism of pathway disruption in human disease. Furthermore, RB status was readily traced through cell-free DNA analyses in human specimens, thus identifying new ways to assign RB status in the clinical setting. Strikingly, RB depletion in human disease was not associated with a higher Ki67 index, indicating a role for the RB/E2F1 pathway in regulating processes distinct from cell cycle control and associated with lethal-stage disease. Subsequent mechanistic investigation utilized isogenic prostate cancer models, wherein RB could be differentially inactivated through depletion or through hormone-induced, CDK-mediated phosphorylation. Unbiased molecular interrogation uncovered a novel E2F1 cistrome and downstream engagement of transcriptional networks exclusively observed after RB loss, with binding specificity divergent from canonically described E2F1 binding patterns. Additionally, E2F1 cistrome alterations elicited by RB depletion were seen to be distinct from those after phosphorylation-induced RB functional inactivation, providing needed insight into the basis of selectivity for RB loss versus CDK-mediated inactivation observed in human disease. Analyses of human CRPC tumor samples further underscored the clinical relevance of RB loss-induced gene expression programs, which were significantly correlated with reprogrammed E2F1 binding identified herein. Taken together, the studies presented are the first to identify the consequences of RB loss, demonstrating molecular distinction from RB inactivation and illustrating the clinical relevance of RB loss-induced E2F rewiring. Citation Format: Christopher McNair, Kexin Xu, Amy C. Mandigo, Matteo Benelli, Benjamin Leiby, Daniel Rodrigues, Johan Lindberg, Henrik Gronberg, Bram De Laere, Luc Dirix, Tapio Visakorpi, Fugen Li, Felix Y. Feng, Johann de Bono, Francesca Demichelis, Mark A Rubin, Myles Brown, Karen E. Knudsen. Differential impact of RB pathway status on E2F1 reprogramming and disease progression in human prostate cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Prostate Cancer: Advances in Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research; 2017 Dec 2-5; Orlando, Florida. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(16 Suppl):Abstract nr IA03.


available at https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32333985 Editorial Comment: Accurate assessment of prostate volume is important for the surgical management of benign proatatic hyperplasia. Historically, transrectal ultrasound was felt to be the gold standard for assessing prostate size. Presently, many ambulatory urology office settings have ready access to abdominal ultrasound with capability of assessing prostate size. In addition, increasing use of prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as part of the evaluation of elevated prostate specific antigen has also provided an accurate measurement of prostate size. Needless to say, most patients would prefer transabdominal ultrasound over transrectal ultrasound to measure prostate size. In this study by Pate and colleagues, transrectal vs transabdominal size measurements were compared. It was felt that prostate sizes correlated best when the prostate volume was less than 30 gm. However, for larger prostates >30 gm there was less correlation between the 2 imaging modalities. Thus, for larger prostates the urologist should consider transrectal ultrasound or other imaging modalities (such as prostate MRI).


This paper presents the general principles and usual problems involved in the development of Institutional Review Board in research institutions. And suggestions are made in this regard. Meanwhile, it discusses two common difficult issues involved in ethical review.

Key words:
Research institution;  Institutional review board;  Ethical issues;  Ethical laws


A new single phase zero-current-switched (ZCS) single stage quasi-resonant converter (QRC) for power factor correction (PFC) is proposed. The converter provides a good power factor, has tight output regulation, and low line current harmonic distortion. The proposed converter is suitable for low power level power supplies with high efficiency and tightly regulated output voltage.


Von Mangan- und Zinkferrit wurde die Bildungsenthalpie ΔH298 bestimmt. Die erhaltenen Werte sind −293,5 ± 1,0 kcal/mol fur MnFe2O4 und −279,8 ± 1,0 kcal/mol fur ZnFe2O4.

The enthalpy of formation ΔH298 has been determined for MnFe2O4 and ZnFe2O4. Their molar values are −293500 and −279800 cal, respectively, with an estimated error of 1000 cal.


Emotion recognition has become an important research topic to solve the practical problems faced by humans. The traditional method of Emotion recognition using facial expressions entails social issues such as privacy threats and reliability. The state of the person's real emotion can be reflected through physiological signals which are considered to be time series data. Emotion recognition using Multi-modal physiological signals gives better discriminative information when compared to information provided by the unimodal physiological signal. In this method, various physiological signals such as ECG, EEG, Respiration, and Temperature are segmented, fused and classified using Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) and Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM). A multimodal fusion network is designed to fuse the features of four physiological signals. These features are classified into three classes namely sad, neutral and happy. The model designed is evaluated using three emotion datasets such as SEED, DREAMER and WESAD datasets respectively. From the results obtained it was observed that the proposed method achieves an average accuracy of 74% for multi-modal fusion using LSTM and 73% using GRU while 1DCNN acquired an accuracy of 61% for multi-model fusion.


Efficiency of facial feature detection is very crucial in face related applications such as face recognition and reconstruction. Traditional algorithms of high precision are often with expensive computation. In this paper, we propose a fast facial feature detection algorithm with good precision. The basic idea is to combine fast search strategy in the global image and high precision classifier in the local regions. In a global image, we borrow the idea of Active Shape Model (ASM) and utilize the average search template to decrease the search area in images. At each local region, we use trained random forest classifier (RF) to identify the existence of facial feature. An iteration procedure of template adjustment is specially designed to ensure the detection precision. Experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed facial feature detection algorithm.


This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of intercropping and neighbor cotton plants with other summer plants on the occurrence levels of some cotton pests in Graia village at Zagazig, Sharkia Governorate during 2003 and 2004 seasons. The results show that Intercropping cotton with tomato or onion increased Aphis gossypii ( Glover) average numbers significantly on cotton plants. While with cucumber and pepper the average numbers were decreased in both 2003 and 2004 seasons. The average numbers of Tetranychus spp. increased in intercropping system of cotton with tomato or cucumber, while the contrast results was found with onion or pepper intercropping system in comparing with the solid cotton plants during 2003 and 2004 seasons. The all intercropping systems increased the population density of Thrips tabaci (Lind.) on cotton plants in comparable with solid plants in both of seasons. The influences of intercropping systems on Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) and Empoasca sp. were differed from season to another and from system to another. With respect to the occurrence of associated natural enemies under intercropping systems, the highest population density of predators, Scymnus spp. and Orius spp. were recorded on cotton plants intercropped with tomato in both seasons. While, the highest number of predators ( Syrphus sp.,) Paederus alfierii, true spider mites, predator mite (Phytoseiulus sp.) and parasitoids, Encarsia sp. and Ertmocerus sp. were recorded on solid cotton plants compared to the intercropping systems in the two study seasons. The highest numbers of Chrysoperla carnea were detected on cotton plants intercropped with cucumber, whereas, the highest average number of Coccinella spp. recorded on cotton plants intercropped with onion in the first season and cotton plants intercropped with tomato in the second one. As neighbor effect, the numbers of Empoasca sp. and T.tabaci was increased on cotton plants, while the numbers of A. gossypii, B. tabaci and Tetranychus spp. were decreased in both of seasons 2003 and 2004. The neighbor of cotton plants by tomato, cucumber, onion or pepper was increased the numbers of predators (Chrysoperla carnea, Orius spp., Paederus alfierii) and parasitoid, Encarsia sp. on cotton plants; while the numbers of Coccinella spp. Scymnus spp., Syrphus spp., true spider mites and Ertmocerns sp. were decreased in both seasons.


In August 2007, holidaymakers discovered two pairs of polished jadeitite axeheads that had been set vertically in gravelly silt on the beach of Porh Fetan, at a location called Petit Rohu (Figure 1). The shape and material of these axeheads allowed them to be identified straightaway as being of Alpine origin, in common with a number of axeheads found in the region (Bailloud et al. 1995; Pétrequin et al. 1997). Archaeological fieldwork, both on the land in the vicinity of the findspot and underwater, was subsequently carried out by the Laboratory of Archaeological Research (CNRS – Nantes University), in order to examine the context of the findspot and to try to delimit the extent of the site.


even quite early, between Sullani and expropriated; possible failures of the former, whether through farming impracticably small units, or otherwise (Brunt, Italian Manpower 54 (demography); 295 f., esp. 309-12 (Sullani)). Similar considerations apply to Caesarian, triumviral and Augustan settlements, which H. discusses as efficiently as sources allow and reckons important final contributions to 'Romanization', seeing earlier development in various Roman proprietors attested for the 50's and 40's—mostly, however, in areas closer to Rome, their estates more probably acquired by private purchase or inheritance than otherwise. This review seeks not to refute or reject, but to suggest that in this field many issues turn on ingenuity in interpretation, a priori reasoning and hypothesis: all too often we lack decisive data. H.'s readers should also consult inter alia Brunt, o.c.\ Lintott, Violence in the Roman Republic; Wiseman, New Men in the Roman Senate (prosopographic variants and supplements, not always improvements). But despite the evident alternatives, H.'s views remain intriguing possibilities. He collects much information and bibliography (to 1968), isolates and clarifies issues, and stimulates further thinking-no small service. Better maps would be an asset, but doubtless expensive. By O.UJVs standards proofreading is a little slack, but the quality of production in general is good.


High performance architectures are using an ever increasing number of processors. The Boolean cube network has many independent paths between any pair of processors. It provides both a high communications bandwidth as well as the ability to emulate many other networks without contention for communication channels. Of particular interest for the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is the ability to emulate butterfly networks, which defines the communication pattern of the FFT. Each node of a Boolean cube network of N nodes has a degree of log2N . For a large number of nodes the number of channels required at the chip boundary may be unfeasibly large with several nodes to a chip, and a network with slightly lower connectivity, such as Cube Connected Cycles networks, may be preferable. The communication system is the most critical resource in many high performance architectures, and its effective use imperative. We describe FFT algorithms that use both the storage bandwidth and the communication sys-tem optimally for an architecture such as the Connection Machine that has 65536 processors interconnected in a Boolean cube related network. We also describe the necessary data allocation, and the allocation and use of the twiddle factors.


This paper presents an investigation on the effect of foaming agents perpropeties in tetms of surfactant concentration, interfacial tension (IFT) and foam strength during foam flooding in porous media in the absence of oleic phase. The experiments consisted of the co-injection of gas and various surfactant solutions with three different formulation properties in terms of IFT reduction and foaming strength capability into Bentheimer sandstone samples initially saturated with the surfactant solution. Experiments were performed using Bentheimer sandstone cores during, where X-ray CT images were taken during foam generation to find out the stability of advancing front of foam propagation and to map the gas saturation for both the transient and steady-state flow regimes.
 Then, a series of numerical simulation was conducted to investigate the effect of surfactant concentration on pressure drop across the core for the foam flooding in the absence of oil. The foam model implemented is based on a local equilibrium and describes dependency of foam mobility reduction factor using several independent functions, such as liquid saturation, foam velocity, oil saturation and capillary number. To this end, the dry-out and gas velocity functions in the foam model were determined from the experimental data obtained at low and high-quality regimes of foam flow at a constant injection velocity. Next, pressure drop profiles of foam flooding at two different surfactant concentrations were modelled to determine the parameters of the surfactant-dependent function in the foam model. The simulation results fit the experimental data of pressure drops very well.


Valve electrical switching, in particular to control elements of pneumatic fitting (2) with a housing (7) having a channel bleed connector (9), a channel vacuum connection (10) and a channel consumer connection (11) being located in the housing an electromagnetic drive (8) such that a magnetic armature (14) is movable with translatory movement in a passage (13) forming a closing body of valve (15) for channel vacuum connection (10) and the connection channel aeration (9) each having a valve seat (18, 19), characterized in that the connection channel aeration (9) this provided a means (23) to reduce the section, remote from the valve seat (19), the means (23) a nozzle, a diaphragm or the like.


This article analyzes the results of gas geochemical investigations as part of the engineering and environmental surveys of unauthorized municipal solid waste landfills. Typical faults in the estimation of biogas emissions are disclosed. The practical aspects of the arrangement of degasification systems for unauthorized landfills in the context of the existing normative documentation are considered. Keywords: recultivation; unauthorized municipal solid waste landfills; objects of accumulated harm; biogas.


In this paper, we will present a new approach for agents embedded in Ambient Intelligent Environments (AIEs). The new approach is based on integrating a speech recognizer with an adaptable intelligent agent for controlling the AIE on the user behalf. The intelligent agent is based on fuzzy systems which is able to learn the user(s) behavior and adapt in a lifelong learning mode to the user changing desires and preferences. The speech recognizer based agent was tested in the German University in Cairo intelligent Classroom (iClass) which is a real world AIE testbed. The results have validated the proposed approach with real experiments involving real users in the iClass.


1. Introduction Bradford Lee Eden 2. Agile Cataloging: Staffing and Skills for a Bibliographic Future Anne M. Mitchell, J. Michael Thompson, and Annie Wu 3. Sharing Cataloging Expertise: Options for Libraries to Share Their Skilled Catalogers with Other Libraries Magda El-Sherbini 4. Integrating Metadata Creation into Catalog Workflow Maura L. Valentino 5. The Expansion of Cataloging to Cover the Digital Object Landscape John J. Riemer 6. Re-Visioning Technical Services: A Unique Opportunity to Examine the Past, Access the Present, and Create a Better Future Jennifer J. Leffler and Pamela Newberg 7. Using the Balanced Scorecard for Strategic Operation of the Cataloging Department Dong Suk Kim 8. Relevance Recognized: Value-Added Cataloging for Departmental and Digital Collections Anne Marie Taber and Mary Jane Conger 9. What's in a Name? Pat Headlee, Sandra Lahtinen, and Julie Swann 10. Integrating Enhance and NACO Work into Pre-Professional Experiences: A Successful Strategy for All Peter H. Lisius, Margaret Beecher Maurer, Sevim McCutcheon, and Jacob Schaub 11. The Cello Music Cataloger as Program Builder Mac Nelson


This paper reviews new design techniques for electrostatic discharge (ESD) and biomedical integrated circuit (IC) co-designs (ESD-Biomed co-design) for whole-chip design optimization. Challenges for ESD protection design for biomedical electronics are discussed. Promising ESD protection structures for biomedical ICs are described. Example of ESD-protected ultrasound medical imaging system is presented.


. We consider linear operators T : X → X on a normed space X which reverse orthogonality, i.e., satisfy the condition x ⊥ y = ⇒ Ty ⊥ Tx, x, y ∈ X, where ⊥ stands for Birkhoff orthogonality.


ALMOST five years passed since VE Day-the day when the Russian prisoners of war, refugees, forced laborers, wholeheartedly rejoiced and thanked God for their "liberation." Forced labor, gas chambers, the atrocities of the Germans, such as history will never forget, were behind. A new life in free countries, that was what these people were hoping for, but their joy did not last long. Words which were worse than death itself, spread like wildfire throughout the camps: "Repatriation," "Yalta Agreement." For once the great principles of the United States, expressed in the words of President Washington, who stated that "more and more a safe and propitious asylum for the unfortunates of other countries, would be given by the United States," were broken. Hundreds of thousands, perhaps millions, of Russians were repatriated by force and sent back "home." These Soviet citizens knew only too well the horrors that were awaiting them in their country; they knew that even if they were not shot at once, they would be chained like criminals and sent to forced labor camps in the Arctic where for many months they would not see the rays of the sun and would finally die of exhaustion, malnutrition, and cold. . . . Many preferred committing suicide. But they were even deprived of this privilege. The prisoners were watched day and night. Knives, scissors, ropes, anything that they could use to commit suicide were taken away from them. Only a few succeeded in hanging themselves or opening their veins with razor blades. Some three to four hundred thousand Soviet citizens succeeded in escaping. They hid in the forests of Germany and Austria, in the ruins of the cities, in the villages. Every one of these was eager to give up his country. Overnight they became Poles, Serbs, Ukrainians, or Balts. Thousands of Soviet Russian DPs were kept in camps-Russian prisoners of war, former Soviet citizens who were taken for forced labor by the Germans, and those who fled from Russia with the retreating Germany army. These people did not mind living in the cold, crowded barracks, they did not feel the hunger-their only wish was to escape to freedom. Soviet repatriation units were operating in all the zones of Ger-


Both the EU Commission and several EU Member States would like to see an international effective minimum tax implemented across the Union. The preferred solution would be the GloBE concept currently discussed within the G20/OECD Inclusive Framework. However, objections have been raised with respect to the compatibility of such a tax regime with the EU/EEA free movement rights. Under the conventional standards established by the European Court of Justice, the G20/OECDE Blueprint for GloBE, and the envisaged Income Inclusion Rule (IIR) in particular, could indeed only be implemented if significantly watered down. In order to safeguard the essential objectives of a harmonized GloBE-style minimum tax and nevertheless increase chances as to its compatibility with the free movement rights, the proposed collection mechanisms therefore need to be modified for intra-EU/EEA scenarios. In the literature, it has sometimes been proposed to extend the operation of the minimum tax to purely domestic situations. Such a solution is not ideal, however, because it would entail unnecessary administrative and compliance costs. This contribution therefore explores how harmonization by the Union legislator would clear the path for another alternative which would furthermore also facilitate compliance.


The parallel connection of multiple distributed energy resources with a common DC-link structure is typically used in grid-connected applications which enables flexible operation maximizing power production of the inverter system under various operation conditions. However, it has brought drawbacks for DC-link power decoupling with the requirement of a larger capacitor bank, faster voltage regulation, etc., to maintain a constant DC-link voltage which increases the overall size and cost criteria. In this paper, a DC-link decoupling technique using a nonlinear control algorithm is proposed to perform rapid DC-link voltage regulation for multi-input grid-connected inverters. With the implementation of a nonlinear observer, the power fed into the DC-link from multiple inputs is estimated by the proposed control algorithm and can be rapidly compensated by the inverter minimizing the DC-link voltage fluctuation. The effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear power decoupling control algorithm is verified by comparing the DC-link performance with a conventional control algorithm through both simulation results on a MATLAB platform and experimental verification on a grid-connected inverter prototype.


The so-called e-wall is a recently introduced concept with the implementation goal of making a flexible and cost-efficient infrastructure for next generation wireless communication systems in indoor environments. This paper discusses the importance of the e-wall concept and presents some initial attempts to realize it.


The study is carried out on extracting technology and the antioxidative properties of crude polysaccharides from the fruit body and mycelium of Pleurutus nebrodensis.The fruit body' s is that the supersonic wave time is 15min,the hot water temperature is 90℃,the extracting time is 1.5 hours and the alcohol consistence is 60%.The mycelium's is that the supersonic wave time is 15min,the hot water temperature is 95℃,the extracting time is 2 hours,and the alcohol consistence is 80%.The antioxidative properties are that scavenging O_2~(-·)activity of crude poly- saccharides is not high,but scavenging·OH activity is very strong.The consistent of crude poly- saccharides is higher,the scavenging O_2~(-·)activity is stronger.


No single test is perfect-no test is sensitive to all insulation problems. And no test can give an absolute indication of the insulation condition, especially if only one measurement is available. At least one AC and one DC test should be performed.


Striae distensae (SD) or stretch marks, a common condition causing significant cosmetic concern and distress, are linear dermal scars associated with epidermal atrophy that occur due to overstretching. Recently, micro‐needling with dermapen is considered as one of the therapeutic modalities for SD. Also, plasma skin regeneration with plasma jet has been recommended as an effective method for the treatment of SD.


The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the argumentation used by the Liberals (Liberalerna), Social democrats (Socialdemokraterna) and Sweden democrats (Sverigedemokraterna) in motions regarding ...


The ecotoxicological effect of pesticide formulations at the concentration range of half of the normal field rate (0.5FR), normal field rate (FR), 2FR, 4FR and 8FR respectively on representative microflora and mesofauna soil sentinels was investigated. Inhibition effects over the 1, 2, 3 and 4 hr period of exposure in Winogradsky media were observed for microflora. Avoidance responses were observed for mesofauna in pesticide spiked soils after a 48 hr exposure period. Generally, there was a corresponding decrease in mesofauna population with increase in pesticide concentrations. The LC50 values after 4 hrs of exposure indicated that endosulfan (4.37 µg/l) and paraquat (10.02 µg/l) formulations had more toxic effect on Nitrosomonas sp. Cypermethrin and glyphosate showed more toxic effects on Nitrobacter sp. with LC50 values of 10.21 µg/l and 10.50 µg/l respectively. Ephyriodrilus spp. were observed to avoid all the pesticide treated soils at different concentrations as compared to pesticide free soils with less than 20 % observed in the soil spiked with 4FR and 8FR for endosulfan and cypermethrin and 8FR for glyphosate and paraquat. Pesticide formulation at the concentration above the recommended rate could adversely affect the soil organisms and affect their important ecological functions


Abstract Laboratory experiments have advanced our understanding of honey bee (Apis mellifera) responses to environmental factors, but removal from the hive environment may also impact physiology. To examine whether the laboratory environment alters the honey bee gut bacterial community and immune responses, we compared bacterial community structure (based on amplicon sequence variant relative abundance), total bacterial abundance, and immune enzyme (phenoloxidase and glucose oxidase) activity of cohort honey bee workers kept under laboratory and hive conditions. Workers housed in the laboratory showed differences in the relative abundance of their core gut taxa, an increase in total gut bacterial abundance, and reduced phenoloxidase activity, compared to bees housed in hives.


Within the scope of Public Policies for Early Childhood, programs have been instituted, with the objective of improving the quality of life of families living in situations of social vulnerability, aiming to ensure better care for children in the first years of life. The Mais Infância Ceará Program has an intersectoral approach and coordination, composed of State secretariats, in articulation with the various sectoral policies in a comprehensive view of all children's rights, constituting an instrument through which the State and Municipalities, ensure the fulfillment of the rights of the child. This experience report aims to describe the implementation, how the monitoring takes place and the main innovations developed in the Mais Infância Ceará Program. In the scope of governance and data analysis, two platforms were developed to assist in management, dissemination and decision-making, they are: BigData Social and the Mais Infância Platform.


When a storm is happened, such seawall structures as the composite breakwaters with vertical wall are subjected to produce impulsive forces due to breaking waves. And, the front face of seawall structures is locally damaged by the collision of precast concrete units placed in front of the vertical wall. To reduce the local damage on the concrete face, this study examines the oscillating and colliding behaviors of precast concrete units and evaluates the impulsive force on the wall. The impulsive forces produced by the collision of precast concrete units and behaviors of precast concrete units could evaluate by the hydraulic tests of the1/36 scaled models.


Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (CT) imaging is very helpful for the detection of tumor metastasis and cancer cells. It is one of the most effective means of clinical imaging examination. The objective of this paper is to realize the quantitative reconstruction of two contrast agents at the same time and obtain the non-contrast-enhanced images in four energy bins as an additional product. This paper presents an iterative material decomposition method based on volume conservation and K-edge characteristics. Compared with other K-edge based material decomposition algorithms, the proposed method can simultaneously quantify the two contrast agents and make better use of the energy information provided by the photon-counting detector. The proposed algorithm was compared with the image-domain K-edge subtraction, Angular Rejection and filtered back projection (FBP) reconstruction. Numerical simulation and Monte Carlo simulation were used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. We found that the proposed algorithm has higher efficiency and is meaningful for the quantification of contrast agent concentration. The proposed algorithm can achieve the quantitative separation of dual K-edge contrast agent by a single scan, which is significant for reducing the radiation dose to patients and improving the efficiency of material decomposition.


With globalization, asymmetric information among international students' academic performance and qualifications, lack information transparency, bloated management bodies, high verification costs, and difficulties in fraud risk management are currently limiting the advancement of internationalization and standardization. These risks and problems also raise questions about the development of IT systems in the education administration and industry as well. Thus, by combining the study of international students' study results and academic records, we design a blockchain-based study transcript and academic information system concept and architecture with the use of blockchain technology. The result helps to develop business models and authentication features in related fields, set up a rigorous environment, optimize existing processes and rules, and lay a technical and data foundation for the development of international students' study transcripts and academic authentication.


A key component in a distributed parallel analytical processing engine is shuffling, the distribution of data to multiple nodes such that the computation can be done in parallel. In this paper we describe the initial design of a communication middleware to support asynchronous shuffling of data among multiple processes on a distributed memory environment. The proposed middleware relies on RDMA (Remote Direct Memory Access) operations to transfer data, and provides basic operations to send and queue data on remote machines, and to retrieve this queued data. Preliminary results show that the RDMA-based middleware can provide a 75% reduction on communication costs, when compared with a traditional sockets implementation.


in Stoneville. This research report was published by the MSU Office of Agricultural Communications, a unit of the Division of Agriculture Forestry and Veterinary Medicine. More than 2.7 million acres of rice were planted in the United States in 2007 with production concentrated in Arkansas, California, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas (NASS 2007). While rice acreage in the United States is small compared with that of other crops such as corn (Zea mays L.) or soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr], rice is an extremely important crop in the midsouthern United States, where 81% of the country's rice acreage was planted in 2007. Barnyardgrass [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.] and sprangletop (Leptochloa spp.) are capable of decreasing rice yields by 70% and 36%, respectively (Smith 1983). Clomazone (Command®), pendimethalin (Prowl®), quinclorac (Facet®), and thiobencarb (Bolero®) are the only herbicides with labeling for application to rice that are efficacious against annual grasses when applied preemergence (PRE) (Anonymous 2007). Although quinclorac may be applied PRE to rice, it has little activity against Leptochloa spp. Pendimethalin and thiobencarb are effective in controlling Leptochloa spp., but labeling requires that rice seed must have imbibed water before application. Clomazone controls Leptochloa spp. and may be applied at planting. However, pendimethalin costs approximately 58% less than clomazone and thiobencarb (Anonymous 2006). Street and Lanham (1996) evaluated the impact of PRE and postemergence (POST) applications of pendimethalin on 'Lemont' rice grown on a Sharkey (very-fine, smectitic, thermic Chromic Epiaquert) clay soil. They concluded that pendimethalin applied PRE before flushing may cause significant rice injury and yield reduction. Flushing is a common practice in rice production defined as applying surface irrigation across a planted field before germination to facilitate rice seed imbibing water for germination and subsequent emergence. Flushing also occurs after emergence to aid in rice seedling survival until plants become established. In greenhouse research, Koger et al. (2006) reported a differential response to pendimethalin among 'Cocodrie,' 'Wells,' and Lemont rice cultivars. They also concluded that pendimethalin should be applied from 3 to 7 days after planting (DAP) of certain cultivars. Research has documented that formulation can influence herbicide efficacy (Riggle and Penner 1990; Van Valkenburg 1983). Differences in crop tolerance could also exist among herbicide formulations. Bollich et al. (2000) reported that 'Cypress' rice was tolerant to microencapsulated clomazone at 0.75 and 1 pound of active ingredient per acre, and they suggested further testing with different rice cultivars. Corn exhibited equivalent tolerance to waterdispersible granule, microencapsulated, and emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulations of pendimethalin (Hatzinikolaou et al. 2004). Vol. 24, No. 3 Research Report August 2009


Dear Editor, Curcumin (diferuloylmethane) is a natural derivative of the turmeric plant Curcuma longa. Because of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-carcinogenic properties (Wang et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2010), it may have pharmaceutical applications. Curcumin has demonstrated anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in multiple cell lines in vitro, while also showing no dose-limiting toxicity in phase I and II studies (Zhang et al., 2010). Studies have also demonstrated its effectiveness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via inhibition of NF-jB, JNK, ERK, and EGFR signaling pathways (Hosseini et al., 2017). We previously found that curcumin at 5–20 mM inhibits cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) cell growth in MJ, Hut78, and HH cell lines and induces apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by downregulating STAT-3, Bcl-2, survivin, and NF-jB signaling pathways. Since defective apoptosis of skin-homing memory T cells plays a major role in the pathogenesis of CTCL, curcumin may be beneficial for mycosis fungoides (MF) and S ezary syndrome (Zhang et al., 2010). We describe a 43-year-old female who presented to MD Anderson Cancer Center in 2004 with a three-year history of pink, coalescing patches on her arms, abdomen, and buttocks. Biopsy of the left flank showed an infiltrate of hyperchromatic, convoluted lymphocytes with significant epidermotropism. The infiltrate was composed of CD31 Tcells, with predominance of CD4 over CD8, and exhibited partial loss of CD7 expression. Monoclonal T-cell receptor-gamma gene rearrangements were detected. She was subsequently diagnosed with stage IA MF. From 2004 to 2016, she was treated with various agents, including topical steroids, topical nitrogen mustard, and narrow-band ultraviolet B. In September 2016, she exhibited only 1.0% patch involvement of her body surface area (BSA). However, in January 2017, she developed a tumor and plaque on the right posterior thigh. Physical examination was remarkable for a 5.83 2.6 cm erythematous tumor with an adjacent 1.53 1.3 cm plaque on the right posterior thigh (Figure 1a). She reportedly applied clobetasol 0.05% ointment to the lesions but noted no improvement. In February 2017, she began taking over-the-counter CuraMed® [curcuminoid-essential oil complex (CEC)] 750 mg three tablets daily. Over the next two weeks, the right thigh tumor decreased significantly in size, measuring 4.2 3 2.0 cm and appearing less indurated and erythematous (Figure 1b), and the adjacent plaque almost disappeared. In addition, her pruritus improved significantly, and she also reported improvement in other lesions on her left arm and left thigh. However, she stopped taking CuraMed secondary to abdominal pain, which subsided after self-discontinuing the agent. She later received 4 Gy of localized radiation for the tumor. CEC is a curcumin supplement that contains a specific ratio of curcuminoids and turmerones from turmeric essential oil. Curcumin's most significant limiting factor is its low bioavailability due to poor gut absorption and rapid elimination. As such, multiple formulations, such as CEC, have been designed (Purpura et al.,


The common thyroid disorders are all auto immune in origin, with the lifetime risk of thyroid disease being 1-2%. Thyroid autoantibodies are present in 9% of the adult population and 12.7% of women, with the frequency rising steeply in women over 45 years of age (Myers & West, 1987). In addition, 20% of the over 60-year-olds have an abnormal (raised) thyroid stimulating hormone fTSH). The presence of both raised TSH and thyroid autoantibodies is associated with the development of clinical hypothyroidism at the rate of 5% per year (Myers & West, 1987). The symptoms of hypothyroidism may develop very insidiously, the usual presenting symptoms being fatigue, lethargy, mental slowness, general aches and pains and slowness of expression and movement. Considering the vagueness of these symptoms, it is not surprising that the average duration between the initiation of symptoms and a diagnosis being made is 18 months.


The aim of this research project was to modify the matrix polymer's relaxation processes by the inclusion of filler and to characterise the interfacial interaction in between matrix polymer and filler. Three types of elastomers were selected for this re


The short stories of Zhou Li-bo obviously show his aesthetic change,which is different from the "heroic model" regarded by the mainstream ideology.Zhou Li-bo's short stories present the pursuit of creative style since 1942 "Yan'an Forum on Literature and Art of Speech" published.During 1949-1955,Zhou Li-bo answered the call to create the short stories reflecting the industrial theme,but obviously a big mistake,which prompted the beginning of aesthetic reflection.At the same time,he went to hometown in 1954,and he wrote "Dad Gaiman",which prompted him to re-explore art both positively and negatively.During the years of 1956-1966,based on the village life and the literature accumulation and re-understanding of literary aesthetic,his short stories show the pursuit of individualism,but because of time limitation,we may find causes of his different explanations to the Yan'an Speech spirit in 17 years.


vNOTES or vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic surgery is a new paradigm shift in gynaecological surgery. A first paradigm shift from conventional surgery into laparoscopic surgery was firstly observed in the 1980s and 1990s. vNOTES may represent a shift from 90° to parallel surgery. Almost all benign gynaecological operations can be performed via vNOTES. The chapter presents the technique of vNOTES along with results of various benign and mainly malignant cases. In parallel, the clinical approach of endometrial cancer is widely discussed.


Hokkaido Industrial Technology Center, 379 Kikyo-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041, Japan A strontium tantalum sulfide, SrTa2S 5 , has a hexagonal structure with lattice constants of a =3.32 and c =24.1 A. With decreasing temperature the electrical resistivity decreases monotonically and exhibits an abrupt superconducting transition at 3.16 K (midpoint). The diamagnetic susceptibility is observed below T c . The magnetic susceptibility is nearly independent of temperature above T c and shows Pauli paramagnetism. PACS numbers: 74.70-b, 74.30-e


The first far infrared intermolecular vibration–rotation spectrum of the ternary van der Waals cluster has been measured near 39.5 cm−1 and assigned to an a‐type ∑ bending vibration of Ar2HCl. Spectra of both chlorine isotopes were observed and nuclear quadrupole hyperfine structure was resolved. Values of the fitted constants (rotational constants, hyperfine projections) evidence large amplitude out‐of‐plane motion, and demonstrate the sensitivity of spectroscopic observables to the three body forces operative in the Ar2HCl system. Spectroscopic predictions calculated by Hutson et al. from pairwise‐additive and ''three‐body'' corrected potential energy surfaces [J. Chem. Phys. 90, 1337 (1989)] are compared to experimental results.


Heat expansion effects of elasto-metal plastic(E MP) pad were analyzed by means of simulation. The problems of applying elasto- metal plastic pad to water pilot bearing in the vertical hydro-generator were s tudied.It is observed that heat deformation leading to effects of edge and wave of EMP pad is the main reason of damage.Based on test, the structure of elasto -metal plastic pad of water pilot bearing is designed with multiple crescent we dge spiral bearing camber.It was tested on water pilot bearing in the vertical hydro-generator of Nanyahe River power plant in Sichuan Province. The test resu lts show that the design is practicable. It not only solves the problem of damag e but also improves the operating state of hydro-generator. This research supp lies valuable experience for the application of elasto-metal plastic pad to wat er pilot bearing in the vertical hydro-generator.


A sweltering New York city welcomed participants of the thirty-first ACM/IEEE symposium on Logic in Computer Science (LiCS 2016), held July 5--8. Those who flew in a day earlier got to enjoy the 4th of July fireworks. The conference took place on the campus of Columbia University, in the leafy part of western Harlem between the north-western corner of Central Park and the Hudson river.


Introduction Atlantoaxial instability (AAI) is an uncommon disease in children. Surgical treatment of pediatric patients with AAI poses a challenge to spine surgeons because of the patients' immature bone quality, extensive anatomical variability, and smaller osseous structures. In this study, the authors report complications and outcomes after posterior fusion in children with AAI. Methods The authors reviewed medical records of patients 13 years old and younger with AAI who underwent posterior fusion in the Nagoya Spine Group hospitals, a multicenter cooperative study group, from January 1995 to December 2007. We identified 11 patients who underwent posterior fusion, and analyzed their clinical outcomes and complications. To determine if vertical growth within the construct continued after posterior fusion, in three patients at 5 or more years following occipito-cervical (O-C) fusion, intervertebral disc heights and vertebral heights between the fused and non


The Social Science Edition of the Journals of Chinese colleges and universities has achieved a lot in 30 years' reform and opening up,which forms a massive and strong journal groups with large quantity in colleges and universities,publishing thousands of valuable and innovative accademic papers.This opens a new stage of accademic research and publishment in Chinese history of reform and opening up,opening up a new prospect of "a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend".It has heralded education,science and technology,affecting the intellectuals generation after generation,which has exerted great influences on China's education,scientific research and publishing fields,and has made irreplaceable contributions to the development of the universities,the advancement of learning and the progress of local economy.


Social structure, social support and mental health. Previous research has revealed a persistent positive association between social support and mental health. However, most researchers have focused on the psychological and psychosocial aspects of social support. The present paper points out the need of including the social and structural basis of distress in our theoretical models. Starting from a general social and psychological model, our research considered the role of several social, environmental and structural variables (social position, social stressors, and social integration). The theoretical model was tested working on a sample of 401 subjects, whic h includes different social positions. The results obtained using structural equation modelling support our model, showing the relevant role played both by social support and social and structural factors. Implications for theory and intervention are discussed.


In the soil cover of the forest-steppe zone, typical chernozems, which occupy almost 50% of the total area of arable lands that are insufficiently fertilized with organics and minerals, prevail. Our task was to investigate the potassium content in these soils in order to gain insight into its reserves and availability for agricultural plants. For this purpose, soils of this type of different granulometric texture were investigated. The content of the fine-dispersed fraction of typical chernozems, total potassium in this fraction and in the soil as a whole is determined. Indicators on the genetic horizons were researched there. The content of hydromicaceous minerals as the most available potassium reserves of plants nutrition is shown. The reserves of potassium (after Gorbunov) in one meter-deep layer of investigated soils are calculated. All investigated soils have the same specificity of the reserves distribution in the horizons due to the common genesis processes and the same parent materials. The illuvium horizon of podzolized chernozem entraps a certain part of silt and potassium that is explained by the specifics of the formation of this horizon. Near reserve of chernozem soils contains less than 50% of potassium from the general reserve that suggests the potassium depletion of chernozems.


The Challenges facing Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Obtaining Credit in Ghana, highlights the issues facing Ghana's SMEs in their quest to accessing loans from financial institutions to undertake various business activities all in the name of creating jobs and the ultimate goal of helping to reduce poverty. There are financial institutions that are willing to provide credit facilities to SMEs but Ghanaian SMEs are not able to meet the requirements of these financial institutions even though they are really in need of the loan. Chief among the requirements demanded by these financial institutions is collateral. The nature of collateral in this part of the world is mostly landed property, which most SMEs cannot provide to cover the amount they really need. As a result, some of these SMEs settle for an amount far less than what they truly require to really drive their business agenda. This book thus takes a look at these challenges from the perspective of the Ghanaian SME operators.


Medicinal plants were applied widely in pharmaceutical research. Tilia L is one of these plants that contain different bioactive compounds e.g. tannins. Several studies referred to tannins capacity to interfere with cancer cell activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of condensed tannins (CTs) extracted from tilia flowers on the proliferation and the migration activity of cancer cells. Purified and highly concentrated CT extracts (up to 90%) were prepared from leaves of tilia flowers (Tilia L.) that were gained using the Sephadex LH20 column. The analytical thiolysis and HPLC/MS assays were also conducted to determine CT contents, including compositions and concentrations. Serial concentrations of the purified CT extracts were prepared to detect their effects on the proliferation and migration activity of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. In both time laps assays, the high concentrations of CTs (2.5mg/ml and 5mg/ml) were fatal to cancer cells. The lowest concentration (1.25mg/ml) delayed the cell doubling time 4-6 hours. Wound healing assay showed a significant reduction in wound closer of treated cells (1.25mg/ml) in comparison with control cells. These results reveal that the effectiveness of tilia flower extracts and suggested applying their CTs in anticancer pharmaceutical studies.


With the changes in social economic models, organizational form, scale, development strategy, competitive strategy, market environment will change, and people are more profound and intuitive understanding that knowledge is productive. Power employees' work is in the face of the complexity, in order to achieve desired goal we must use the increasingly vast and complex knowledge and conduct more frequent communication. Therefore, the implementation of knowledge management is essential for enhancing the enterprise's core competitive power. Knowledge management is a process to improve the competitiveness of enterprises and identify the knowledge, acquire it and play its full role in the process. Knowledge Management is a new tool in management studies and a powerful tool for the development, use and sublimation of enterprise knowledge resources. If the power generation companies want to sustain competitive advantage in the knowledge economy era, they should be started a developed corporate culture based on knowledge management-oriented as soon as possible, so that the organization's innovative capacity and creativity of staffs personal mutually promote and make common progress. In this paper, we take six power companies' data to evaluate the level of each company' knowledge management, here we use the method of AHP and Gray Relational, and through the comparison, we can see that the method is valuable and easy. Finally, we give some suggestions to promote the level of knowledge management to help the generation companies to make full use of knowledge management.


The right to internal self-determination offers a legal 'checklist' for the UN to provide both legitimacy and sustainability to peacebuilding processes. The right both clarifies the actors of post-conflict reconstruction and also concretises to what extent these actors should be incorporated into peacebuilding processes. Although the concept of local ownership has become an often-cited concept in peacebuilding literature, the legal ground of the concept (i.e. the right to internal self-determination) has been disregarded. This paper aims to reveal the legal aspect of the concept of local ownership and thus, attaches the right to internal self-determination with local ownership.


The present invention discloses a composition capturing auxiliary navigation receiver, said navigation receiver capable of processing a plurality of received satellite signals, and has at least one acquisition and tracking satellite signal, comprising the step of generating the auxiliary information and the satellite capture tracking step. Pseudo clock biases auxiliary information navigation receiver, for correcting the target satellite when the satellite acquisition and tracking target distance, accurately predict the phase of the target satellite. It reduces the acquisition time and improve the accuracy of capture; acquisition assistance can not only achieve a single satellite navigation satellite system, can be achieved between a plurality of mutually assist in acquiring the satellite of a satellite navigation system.


Nowadays people use mobile devices in different ways to make a profit. In this paper we present a literature review to know the use of the mobile devices as a learning tool, the factors that influence their use, and the advantages and disadvantages of the use of mobile applications that strengthen learning. Researchers seek to dispel doubts about the possibility of choosing mobile devices as tools for learning. As a result of this study it was found that the factors that influence the adoption of these tools are relevant, the advantages are really beneficial, and that students' academic performance can increase relatively.


Objective— To examine correlates of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) use in a pediatric population with chronic pain. To determine if CAM use is positively correlated with adaptive coping skills. Methods— We examined patient data from children ages 7–18 (n=1175) with chronic pain who completed the intake assessment at the time of initial evaluation at Boston Children's multidisciplinary Pain Treatment Service between 2003–2011. The intake assessment included validated measures of anxiety, depression, pain coping skills and functional disability. Parents were also asked whether their child had tried CAM modalities in the past. We used a multivariable logistic regression model to determine correlates of CAM use and a multivariable linear regression model to determine the relationship between bio-behavioral CAM (relaxation training, hypnosis, and biofeedback) and accommodative coping. Results— In our multivariable model, we found that female gender (OR 1.47, CI 1.07–2.01), parental education (OR 1.11 per year, CI 1.06–1.16), greater pain intensity (OR 1.06 per point on an 11-point numerical analog scale, CI 1.01–1.11), and more functional disability (OR 1.19 per 10 point increment on the Functional Disability Inventory, CI 1.06–1.34) were independently associated with CAM use. Bio-behavioral CAM was found to have a statistically significant correlation with accommodative coping skills ( β 0.2 p-value .003). Conclusion— In a pediatric chronic pain center, CAM users tended to have higher pain intensity, and greater functional disability. Exposure to bio-behavioral CAM techniques was associated with adaptive coping skills.


In democracies, voters need to know what is going on, for better or for worse, in good times and in bad


Upgrade our economic transformation the twelfth five-year period of major development issues and practical problem.experience indicates that domestic economy,culture and creative industries as a new industries,in practice shows its vitality and enormous development of space,many developed countries and cities occupying industry of the important new kinds of modern industry,in promoting the industry upgrade economic transformation has no alternative.Cultural creative industries should be incorporated into our place with the urban area of economic development,promote industrial transformation,upgrading strategic vision to make creative strategy,creative space,a creative and innovative ideas to protect the environment,such articles.


In the dynamic design of high speed and high precision 5 axis gantry machining center,the contact parameters of guide surfaces had been acquired by the dynamic tests and they had been applied to the numerical simulation model to improve accuracy of the simulation model.The sensitive(analysis) and structural optimization based on dynamic stiffness were put forward in the structural optimization design of machining center,and a novel design way of reinforcing structure which is different from the traditional method was applied to design of the leading parts to improve both the static and dynamic properties of machining center.To the unavoiding resonance problems in the machine,using machine accessories a tuned damper was ably designed to control the vibration of machine.


our systematic review of the length of the duration of untreated psychosis in LAMI countries was confounded by a definition of treatment that was based on presentation to psychiatric services and did not account for presentations to traditional healers. We acknowledge that a minority of the studies included in our review were based on population-based surveys of psychosis and that most of the studies did not include patients who only presented to traditional healers or did not receive any psychiatric treatment. However, poor outcome in schizophrenia is known to be associated with delay in commencing treatment with antipsychotic medication, whereas little is known about the effects of a delay in non-pharmacological treatment. Furthermore, in a literature review (submitted for publication: details available on request) we confirmed the findings of Marshall et al that the adverse effects of delaying antipsychotic treatment are similar in high-income and LAMI countries. Hence, we believe that non-psychiatric treatment for psychosis is best thought of as a potential cause of prolonged duration of untreated psychosis, rather than a confounding factor in the definition of duration of untreated psychosis. Psychoses with acute onset and short duration that might remit without treatment may be more common in LAMI countries. Patients with a short-lived psychosis might not always present to psychiatric services in LAMI countries, although in high-income countries acute psychosis is associated with a shorter duration of untreated psychosis. We do not know whether the exclusion of patients with a potentially short duration of untreated psychosis and those who only present to traditional healers would increase or decrease the mean period of nontreatment. In our review, population-based studies tended to report much longer mean periods of non-treatment than studies based on presentation to psychiatric services, although it is also possible that the lower mean duration of untreated psychosis found in upper-middle income countries was due to more individuals with an acute onset presenting for treatment early in their illness. We agree that the pathways to care through non-psychiatric treatments warrant further investigation, but these studies should be conducted as part of an effort to reduce the unacceptably long duration of untreated psychosis in many LAMI countries.


The present invention discloses a quick examination test apparatus, comprising a seat, a seat in the right and left armrests are mounted determined electrical measurement electrode and the right arm with the left arm electrode, said left-hand rear armrest attached to a blood pressure measurement cuff, the seat is disposed on a platen, is provided with a leg rest of the seat in front of the platen surface on the leg rest are provided with a left calf two electrodes for measuring ECG electrodes and right peroneal the platen is provided with a signal transmission interface, a processor interface signal terminal connected to the signal transmission. The present invention will ECG, blood pressure, blood oxygen physiological parameters of each test device is integrated into the seat and leg rest two structures, the reduction of the use of various accessories, highly integrated system, reduce the failure rate. By the present invention the user simply resting on the armrest arm, the legs resting on the leg rest, chest electrodes wear and the cuff and finger grip oxygen, can quickly and easily obtain a desired physiological parameter.


29 www.ijerm.com  Abstract— Nigde Massif is the southest part of the CACC (Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex) which is composed of magmatic and metamorphic rocks. Niğde Massif consist of Gümüşler, Kaleboynu and Aşıgediği formations. Üçkapılı granitoid cuts all these units. The iron mineralization is observed in all the units forming an irregular distribution in the Niğde massif. Field studies and the results of mineralogical research on polished sections indicates that the origin of the mineralization is hydrothermal. The iron ore deposits in the study area have a paragenesis composed of magnetite, hematite and limonite. The mineralization paragenesis is accompanied by chalcopyrite, malachite, covellite, chalcocite, native Cu and native Au.


We study the effects of dimension-six effective operators on the flavor violating production and decay of leptons at the International Linear Collider. Analytic expressions for the cross sections, decay widths, and asymmetries of all flavor changing processes will be presented, as well as an analysis of the feasibility of their observation at the ILC.


For highly in ectional languages, where the number of morpho-syntactic descriptions (MSD) is very high, the use of a reduced tagset is crucial for reasons of implementation problems as well as the problem of sparse data. The standard procedure is to start from the large set of MSDs incorporating all morphosyntactic features and design a reduced tagset by eliminating the attributes which play no role in disambiguation. This paper presents the opposite approach which using a greedy algorithm maximally reduces a tagset without loss of information, and instead of elimination, re-introduces features. This process can arrive at a very small tagset and result in accuracy comparable to that achieved with larger tagsets designed by elimination. The language model based on the reduced tagset needs fewer parameters and training time decreases signi cantly.


We study the action of the composition operators on the analytic function spaces whose kernels are special cases of Laguerre polynomials. These function spaces become Banach spaces when the kernels are integrated with respect to the complex Borel measures of the unit circle. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the composition operators to be compact are found.


A review of the need for electricity in Africa, experiences of privatisation, and the political and economic potential for development through the public sector.


This paper updates estimates of critical stock assessment parameters for the central subpopulation of northern anchovy (Engraulis mordax). Ichthyoplankton data from the CalCOFI database were used to implement the historical egg production method and estimate annual mortality curves, from which daily egg production, and egg and larval mortality parameters were derived. Spawning biomass was estimated using historical data under the assumption of a constant daily specific fecundity. A Ricker recruitment model, augmented with environmental factors, was estimated based on historical data and used to predict recruitment using the new spawning biomass data. We found that egg densities were highly variable while larval densities have been persistently low since 1989. Recruitment estimation suggests that poor environmental conditions have potentially contributed to the low productivity. Mortality estimation reveals through an increasing egg mortality rate that low larval densities were primarily the result of high mortality during the pre-yolk-sac period.


Potential Induced Degradation (PID) is becoming a greater risk for contemporary modules due to higher voltage connections as well as the availability of ungrounded PV systems using transformer-less or bi-polar inverter technology, both of which create a higher operating voltage between the PV module and frame. This higher voltage is theorized to induce ions to migrate through the PV module's glass to the cell's surface and thereby increase the leakage current. In this work we demonstrate the reduction and possible prevention of PID by employing functionalized films on the inner and outer surfaces of the PV module front glass. These films have the potential to retard the mobility of both water and charge carriers into and out of the glass. We investigate how variations in the thickness and surface energy of the films affect PID and we investigate how typical anti-reflective coatings in use today on the outer surface of PV module glass affect PID when compared to no coating and to high durability hydrophobic coatings. Low-cost optically optimized glass coatings are an attractive and promising solution for producing PID-resistant PV modules that are independent of the cell technology.