It is probably true to say that, within months of birth, everyone in the world will have his own personal food preferences. These will be based on foods which have been made familiar to him either because they grow where he lives or because they can be transported there at reasonable cost, but his ultimate choice will be based on many additional personal and cultural factors. Among these are the foods which his parents prefer, any allergies or other health considerations perhaps including nutrition, and a vast number of social expectations, traditions and taboos. Comparatively few people, however, can afford to indulge their tastes, and we find, for example, countries in Asia where rice consumption averages 100-150 kg/person per year (FAO, 1971), sufficient to provide more than 90% of the energy in the diets of most people. In Europe, there is now more scope for individual preferences to be expressed, but it is still possible to discern major national differences in dietary habits. The cuisine in each region was developed many centuries ago from local foods, such as olive (OZeo europa) oil and wine in Mediterranean countries, milk and meat in the grassier regions of the north, and fish in countries with extensive coastlines. Wheat, the basic cereal of European diets, can be supplemented by rice in Spain and Portugal, but is often displaced by oats and rye in Scotland and Scandinavia where the growing Season is short. As trade developed, exotic foods were introduced and became comparatively important in Britain with her access to the resources of her Empire. Some foods, notably the potato, were successfully naturalized (and would have provided ascorbic acid which was otherwise likely to be in short supply in a diet consisting largely of bread, meat and ale), but others remained expensive luxuries especially out of Season until the development in the last century of steamships and railways for fast transportation and canning and mechanical refrigeration for food preservation. Table I shows, for very broad groups of foods, how the total supplies in the United Kingdom compare with those in three of our Common Market partners in the most recent year for which this is possible (Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, 1976). Although the energy value is close to 13-5 MJ (3200 kcal)/person per d for almost every country in Europe, the relative contributions of different foods show considerable variations even at this level. Thus, the United Kingdom (with Eire) continues to drink more than twice as much whole liquid milk as elsewhere, and lamb continues to be an important meat. In contrast, cheese and wine are comparatively unimportant and the amounts of fruit and vegetables other


Serbs in the North of Kosovo, whose status was at the centre of the 2013 Brussels Agreement, were not a part to the negotiations. Today, their still unclear position is causing "uncertainty, dissatisfaction, distrust and fear" among the community. A recent report has attempted to tell the story through their voices. Joanna Hanson runs through the key points.


Objective To evaluate the efficiency of Childhood Immunization Registration Information system(CIRIS) work in earthquake stricken areas of Sichuan.Methods Twenty counties/districts in 6 cities in earthquake stricken areas of Sichuan were investigated in 2009-2011 by formal questionnaire with content of immunization informatization,technology knowledge of the staff,computer and network equipments,etc.Results With the implementation of the project,525 vaccination unites in 20 counties /districts carried out immunization informatization work in children.Altogether 332,154 children born in 2005-2010 were input into the system,accounting for 96.64% of the total target population.The project were equipped with 8 laptops,520 computers and 500 printers;538 professionals were tested informatization knowledge and 442(82.16%) staff gained a score over 80.Informatization platform in earthquake stricken areas was established.Conclusion The implementation of the project has promoted the informatization process of CIRIS to a large extent and is worthy of generalization.


Pakistan has a great diversity of landscape, people, culture, climate, seasons, ecosystems, etc: The landscape ranges from snow capped peaks at an elevation of > 8,000 m in the Himalayan Range in the north to Arabian Sea coastline in the south; agriculture ranges from lush green canal irrigated areas in the plains to hot dry deserts in Sindh and Balochistan; temperature ranges from well below freezing points in the HKH mountainous region to as hot as 52 0 C in the inland areas and annual precipitation ranges from >1000 mm in the northern humid areas to <150 mm in the hyper-arid areas of Balochistan. Such diversity has given rise to a variety of living organisms including flora, fauna, animals, birds, insects, etc. which provide ecological, recreational, cultural and aesthetic values besides providing economic benefits and services to human society. However, this large accumulation of biodiversity is now under threat as in many parts of the world as a result of, inter alia, climate change. The global climate has been changing in a phenomenal manner since the advent of the industrial revolution in mid 18 th century. According to the scientific assessments made by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the average global temperature increased by 0.6 0 C over the last century while it is projected to increase further by 1.8 - 4.0 0 C during the current century. Various studies indicate that climate change is affecting, directly or indirectly, the flora and fauna as well as their habitats leading to their displacement and in most severe cases, even extinction. Climate change is also affecting the competitiveness of different species by differently altering their growth, mortality rates and regeneration success rates. This may adversely affect synchronous functioning of life cycles of plants, animals and soil organisms. According to a study by Ministry of Environment and UNEP, 31 species of mammals, 20 of birds and 5 of reptiles are already endangered and many more are on the Endangered list. Under the unprecedented rate of climate change projected by IPCC for the current century, a wide array of species is unlikely to


We present a new method to design a regional network based on optical hybrid packet and circuit switching. Our approach aims at providing packet-level grooming only where it is profitable. The method relies on splitting the original traffic matrix in two parts, which will be transported either through optical packets or through circuits, according to a maximum wavelength capacity threshold. The network dimensioning can be then performed for circuit and packet traffic matrices separately. As the circuit WDM network design problem is well documented, we put the emphasis on the optical packet network dimensioning. This later is performed in the context of Packet OADM (POADM) technology, involving fast tuneable emitters and receivers dedicated to specific wavelengths. First, candidate sets of rings are identified. Then, the resources needed for each ring of a given set are evaluated by taking into account both. receiver and wavelength costs. The "wavelength cost" depends on the considered ring, as it is proportional to its circumference. A linear programing formulation, previously established for unidirectional rings, is adapted to bi-directional ones with shortest distance routing and 1+1 protection. The proposed method is applied to a 7 nodes network by considering different scenarios in terms of content-delivery node positions, wavelength capacity threshold or network geographical extension. Even if most of the traffic is carried by circuits, POADM technology is widely used as a grooming technique across the network. The benefits of using POADM technology are achieved without necessitating O/E/O conversions at packet ring interconnections and alleviating inter-ring synchronization issues, resulting in a fully transparent network.


Use of alternate material is always a continuous development in any industry. Such proposals aim at weight reduction, improve life of the components and reduce the components cost. When it comes to the compressor application, there is always a challenge in replacing such parts with polymers, especially on the canopy parts. This study aims at replacing the material of screw compressor canopy with a suitable material with the target of weight and cost reduction, without compromising the functional requirements. Suitable material for the shroud assembly is chosen using the theoretical method and validated using finite element analysis. Suitable process is chosen for the Proto-type shroud from the proposed alternate material (HDPE) and tested in the real-time environment


We will show that photon correlations can be employed to overcome the typical limitations of conventional plenoptic imaging devices, thus leading to quantum-enhanced plenoptic imaging. In particular, we will show an unprecedented combination of resolution and depth of field combined with refocusing capability and depth extension. We will show experimental results obtained in different application scenarios, ranging from microscopy to photography-like protocols. Significant advances in acquisition speed will also be discussed, as achieved by both hardware (e.g., use of SPAD arrays, as opposed to common CMOS and CCD cameras) and software (e.g., compressive sensing, quantum tomography) solutions.


P2P networks, first introduced in May 1999, have experienced rapid growth and are now one of the most common Internet applications. However, no network currently exists that takes advantage of the strong demand for such file-sharing networks to create a profitable business. Although most of the media coverage of Napster focuses on copyright problems [Cnn01], our interest in this paper is on an equally fundamental question, i.e., could a Napster-like system be run as a profitable business? This paper draws upon recent work on digital auctions, specifically the development of the Sample Cost Sharing auction (SCS), to suggest a potentially profitable business model for a Napster-like system without significantly changing its underlying architecture. We further show how this network can function simultaneously as a file-sharing and file-backup utility.


Abstract Extract In Europe, during the 18th century, the farm animal population was seriously reduced by the spread of disease due to increased travel and wars between states. At that time, there were no specialists in animal health, but this need was soon met by the founding of veterinary schools in France, Germany and England.


Present tax exemptions for gasohol are more than sufficient to move ethanol into the gasoline market in a number of states. The principal near-term response to this profit opportunity, production of ethanol from feed grains, matches a limited biomass resource to an enormous market. This report estimates upper-bound prices for feed grains resulting from gasohol tax exemptions and concludes that grain price increases could be substantial. As shown else-where by Alston and Asbury, industrial uses constitute a more economical market for grain ethanol, one in which the product is now competitive with ethanol derived from petroleum and natural gas liquids. Without tax exemptions for gasohol, grain ethanol would now be displacing petroleum in the industrial market at a net economic gain, rather than in the fuel market at a net economic loss. The present analysis indicates that this industrial market for ethanol could grow significantly, principally by use of grain ethanol as an intermediate in production of chemicals now derived from petroleum and natural gas.


Fibrous preformed unit for a turbo machine blade, which preformed unit is obtained by one-piece three-dimensional weaving. According to the invention, the preformed unit comprises a first longitudinal portion (41) able to form a blade root, a second longitudinal portion (42) extending the first longitudinal portion and able to form a blade section, and a first transverse portion (51) extending transversely from the junction between the first and second longitudinal portions (41, 42) and able to form a first platform.


In this essay, the author tentatively verifies Pilate from Song of Solomon as an apt exemplification of the ideal state of androgyny that Morrison shapes in her works, who embodies the harmonious integration of both feminine and masculine merits.


Pain has been described in many different ways. It is difficult to define the phenomenon that we have probably all experienced in one form or another. The Oxford English Dictionary defines pain as 'the sensation which one feels when hurt (in body or mind)' and bodily suffering: a distressing sensation as of soreness' ( Onions 1973 ).


Some nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria are able to form symbioses with a wide variety of plants. Nostoc 2S9B is unusual in its ability to infect the roots of wheat, raising the prospect of a productive association with an important crop plant. The goal of the project was to lay the groundwork for the use of novel associations between Nostoc and crops of agronomic importance, thereby reducing our reliance on nitrogenous fertilizer. Nostoc 2S9B was found to enter roots through mechanical damage of roots and reside primarily in intercellular spaces. The strain could also be incorporated into wheat calli grown in tissue culture. In both cases, the rate of nitrogen fixation by the cyanobacterium was higher than that of the same strain grown with no plant present. Artificial nodules induced by the action of hormone 2,4D were readily infected by Nostoc 2S9B, and the cyanobacteria within such nodules fixed nitrogen under fully aerobic conditions. The nitrogen fixed was shown to be incorporated into the growing wheat seedlings. Nostoc thus differs from other bacteria in its ability to fix nitrogen in para-nodules without need for artificially microaerobic conditions. It would be useful to introduce foreign DNA into Nostoc 2S9B in order to make defined mutations to understand the genetic basis of its ability to infect wheat and to create strains that might facilitate the study of the infection process. Transfer of DNA into the cyanobacterium appears to be limited by the presence of four restriction enzymes, with recognition sequences the same as BamHI, BglI, BsaHI, and Tth111I. Genes encoding methyltransferases that protect DNA against these four enzymes have been cloned into helper plasmids to allow transfer of DNA from E. coli to Nostoc 2S9B.


The comparative analysis of results of Diaskintest (DT) and PPD-test with 2 TE PPD-L in three groups was executed: the 1st included 56 children with newly diagnosed tuberculosis; the 2nd included 34 299 children in the risk groups observed by phthisiatricians, vaccinated and tested by PPD and DT; in the 3rd group there were 8 666 children evaluated in the general health care facilities with the simultaneous use of PPD and DT (screening). It was identified that at all stages of TB diagnostics and treatment among children DT indicates the activity of tubercular infection significantly better than PPD and is one of main clinical indicators which allows to evaluate correctly the chemotherapy regimen and effectiveness of treatment. The use of DT allowed to simplify selection of children in the risk groups for performance of more detailed evaluation and to increase the TB detection rate, especially of minor forms. The introduction of DT reduced the indications for preventive chemotherapy in the follow-up groups: up to 21% in group VI-A, 56,4% in group VI-B and 32,9% in group VI.


In this paper, we analyze the hardness of the Matrix Code Equivalence ( MCE ) problem for matrix codes endowed with the rank metric, and provide the first algorithms for solving it. We do this by making a connection to another well-known equivalence problem from multivariate cryptography - the Isomorphism of Polynomials ( IP ). Under mild assumptions, we give tight reductions from MCE to the homogenous version of the Quadratic Maps Linear Equivalence ( QMLE ) problem, and vice versa. Furthermore, we present reductions to and from similar problems in the sum-rank metric, showing that MCE is at the core of code equivalence problems. On the practical side, using birthday techniques known for IP , we present two algorithms: a probabilistic algorithm for MCE running in time O ∗ ( q 23 ( n + m ) ) , and a deterministic algorithm for MCE with roots, running in time O ∗ ( q m ) . Lastly, to confirm these findings, we solve randomly-generated instances of MCE using these two algorithms.


To follow best practices in creating selection tools, an important phase in job analysis is gathering linkage ratings between knowledge, skills, abilities, and other characteristics (KSAOs) and job tasks. However, the literature provides little guidance on best practices for collecting linkage ratings. Two studies were conducted to contribute to the limited research. Study 1 examined the interrater agreement of different types of raters: job incumbents, managers, or job analysts. Results revealed that job analysts have the highest interrater agreement. Study 2 examined the impact of a frame-of-reference (FOR) training for raters. Results suggested that a brief consensus training session vastly improved agreement among raters. These studies provide more guidance on best practices for obtaining high-quality linkage ratings.


ABSTRACT Compared to other elements of his political and economic thought, John Stuart Mill's claim to be 'under the general designation of Socialist' has largely been ignored. Where it has been acknowledged, it has generally been denied. One exception to this rule has been to link Mill with 'market socialism', primarily because of his commitments to worker-cooperatives and competition. These are both elements of Mill's socialism, but when we examine his position on production, distribution and exchange more carefully, it becomes much less clear that Mill endorses anything like a 'market' in his socialism. This paper offers a critical assessment of Mill's status as 'market socialist', considering, in particular, the 'ethos' he proposed for socialist organization of production and exchange, which is at odds with a profit-seeking motivation.


'e present study analyzes the level of concordance between the preferred, perceived and observed leadership in formative soccer from the players and coach perspective. Not experimental-transactional with a sample composed by 89 men players (M = 16,21 years old) that represent the universe of players in the series sub 15 to sub 19 of a football club, as well as four coaches of such equipment (M = 52 years), to those who applied the Leadership Sport Scale (LSS), next to a coaches behavioral register using the Coaching Behavior Assessment System (CBAS). Expressed by means of analysis of di*erence, the results show the existence of signi&cant di*erences (z > 1,96) among the perception of leadership of coaches tand athletes for all dimensions of the LSS with the exception of democratic behaviour, as well as between perceived leadership and preferred by athletes in all dimensions of the LSS (p < .05). 'ere is also similarity between perceived and observed leadership, where technicians in dominant behavior is training and instruction under a democratic orientation and not autocratic as opposed to what is perceived by the athletes. 'e results suggest a work of adaptation by athletes to generate psychological compatibility with its technicians, giving guidelines for the implementation of speci&c interventions


The pressure drop during circulation of the refrigerant limits the distance for superconducting power transmission. Evaluation of the pressure drop with respect to the flow rate of the refrigerant is crucial, particularly for long transmission lines. A circulation test, including pressure drop measurements, was performed in the sixth cooling test with the 200-m-class superconducting dc power transmission system at Chubu University (CASER-2). Pressure drops were measured in the high-flow-rate region, up to 31 L/min, to simulate 1-km-class systems, unlike those used in the first five cooling tests. A pressure drop of 12 kPa at 31 L/min for the 200-m cryogenic pipe was obtained. The obtained results were compared with the calculated results and showed good agreement. The model used for the calculation can predict the pressure drop with sufficient accuracy, making the prediction for the pressure drop for long transmission lines possible.


The biofuels include bioethanol, biobutanol, biodiesel, vegetable oils, biomethanol, pyrolysis oils, biogas, and biohydrogen. There are two global biomass based liquid transportation fuels that might replace gasoline and diesel fuel. These are bioethanol and biodiesel. World production of biofuel was about 68 billion L in 2007. The primary feedstocks of bioethanol are sugarcane and corn. Bioethanol is a gasoline additive/substitute. Bioethanol is by far the most widely used biofuel for transportation worldwide. About 60% of global bioethanol production comes from sugarcane and 40% from other crops. Biodiesel refers to a diesel-equivalent mono alkyl ester based oxygenated fuel. Biodiesel production using inedible vegetable oil, waste oil and grease has become more attractive recently. The economic performance of a biodiesel plant can be determined once certain factors are identified, such as plant capacity, process technology, raw material cost and chemical costs. The central policy of biofuel concerns job creation, greater efficiency in the general business environment, and protection of the environment.


Background : Most patients with vascular‐occlusive diseases benefit from low‐dose aspirin (75–325 mg/day). However, they have an increased risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB).


A single crystal with the Ag0.5Pb1.75GeS3Se composition (25 mol% Ag0.5Pb1.75GeSe4) was grown and characterized. Its phase diagram was explored. The section is non-quasi-binary. The role of defects in the conductivity mechanism was explored by electrical, optical and photoconductivity measurements. The band gap value was around 2.0 eV at 100 K. Two photoconductivity maxima with λm1 = 615 nm and λm2 = 775 nm were dominant at 100 K. We have performed X-ray crystallographic data analysis of Ag0.5Pb1.75GeS3Se and the obtained data were used as the starting point for a comprehensive theoretical investigation of the electronic structure using the all-electron full potential linearized augmented plane wave method within density functional theory. The calculations have confirmed that the investigated compound possesses an indirect band gap of about 1.6 eV in good agreement with the experimental value. The angular momentum decomposition of the atoms projected density of states show there exists a strong hybridization between various states, and evaluated the origin of the chemical bonding.


The nutritive value of sunflower heads (SH) in rams and the effect of total mixed rations (roughage: concentrate, 60:40) containing SH at 0 (R0), 20 (R20), 40 (R40) or 60% (R60) replacing groundnut haulms on growth performance of lambs was studied in a 90 d growth trial. The SH contained 8.4% CP and the effective degradability of DM and CP was 54.8 and 37.0%o, respectively. The DCP and TDN contents were 2.8 and 53.8%, respectively and the rams were in negative balance for N, Ca and P retention when fed exclusively on SH.


The article studies definition of the technology-based companies, its features and management approaches practiced in the industrialized countries to help strengthen TBFs in the developing economies like Ukraine . Clear understanding of TBF meaning and its distinctive features allowed to find optimal managerial processes to increase company's financial and competitive position. Two types of technological changes such as invention and innovation were considered to distinguish managerial models for both. Classification of innovations and management processes such linear and chain-linked were analyzed to show threats of the former and advantages of the later. New technology exploitation and strategic technology road mapping were suggested as the new techniques aimed at achieving a pre-defined result such as target performance, cost reduction and etc. Various conflicting but necessary forces that form corporate culture were summed up to help choose the most conducive one for innovation growth and its realization in daily business operations. There are different approaches discussed in the article that should be applied while managing small and large TBFs to help capitalize on their strong sides. Improvement opportunities for technology-based companies in the developing countries like Ukraine were considered and practical recommendations were given.


Chemical looping combustion(CLC) fueled by coal is a potential technology to solve the CO_2 emission from coal combustion in China,one of the key points of which is the solid-solid reduction between oxygen carriers and coal char(it is difficult to gasify and oxidize).Based on the sol-gel method,Al(OC_3H_7)_3 and Fe(NO_3)_3·9H_2O are selected as main raw materials to prepare 12 kinds of oxygen carriers in this paper.X-ray diffraction(XRD),N_2 adsorption-desorption(BET) method and scanning electron microscope(SEM) are utilized to characterize the physicochemical properties of oxygen carriers.The results show that the sintering temperature is better below 1200℃. Six kinds of oxygen carriers which are different in mass contents of active Fe_2O_3,sintering temperature and sintering time are selected to react with char in a thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA) in order to research their reactivity.The experimental results show that Fe_2O_3/Al_2O_3 oxygen carriers start to rapidly react with coal char at the temperature 880℃,as when Fe_2O_3 is first rapidly reduced to Fe_3O_4,and then slowly reduced to FeO.Oxygen carrier with contents of 60%Fe_2O_3,sintering temperature of 1100℃and sintering time of 6 hours is selected to circularly react with char/air. There are no other phases after several circle reduction-oxidation reactions,which shows extremely good circular reactivity.The sintering behavior is observed on the surface of the particles,but the porous beehive structure of particles is still maintained.These experimental results show promise in the development of the chemical looping combustion of coal,based on Fe_2O_3/Al_2O_3 oxygen carriers.


Hybrid Inorganic-Organic, Organic Charge Transfer, and Radica l Based Compounds with Chalcofulvalene Donors and Organic Acceptors . (December 2007) Eric Wade Reinheimer, B.S., California State Polytechnic University, Pomona; M.S., California State Polytechnic University, Pomona Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Kim R. Dunbar The primary focus of this dissertation is the electr o hemical preparation of radical cation salts utilizing the donor o-4,4'-dimethyltetrathiafulvalene ( o-Me2TTF) and spherical, tetrahedral, octahedral, bimetallic, cyanomet allate, and polyoxometallate anions. Other donors, such as tetramethyl(tetraselenafu valene) (TMTSF), tetramethyl(tetrathiafulvalene) (TMTTF), bis(ethylenedithio )tetrathiafulvalene (BEDTTTF or ET), and bis(propylenedithio)tetrathiafulvalene ( BPDT-TTF or PT) also found use in the preparation of salts in the course of this study. X-ray structural characterization of these salts revealed stacking be tween donor molecules containing significant S•••S interactions in the solid state. Va rious salts were subjected to either conductivity or molecular magnetism measurements in order to determine the level of itinerant electron density and magnetic contribution fro m paramagnetic charge compensating anions. In order to expand the library of TTF -containing hybrid materials prepared through metathesis, salts of other tetrathiafulva lenium radicals have also been prepared and characterized crystallographically and by select sp roscopic methods.


The prospects for the Australian minerals and energy sector are inexorably tied to world demand conditions and hence to the health of the global economy. This article deals with the economic aspects of price fluctuations on the consumption and development of mineral resources.


In mice bearing spontaneous mammary adenocarcinoma, treatment with double-stranded polynucleotide complex poly A-poly U (a nontoxic stimulator of cell-mediated immunity) was a potent adjunct to surgery by reducing the rate of tumor growth and increasing significantly the mean survival time. In hamsters bearing a highly metastasizing transplantable melanoma, poly A-poly U reduced the appearance of early metastases by 50% as compared with untreated animals or animals treated by surgery alone.


Objective To investigate the expression of lysyloxidase-like 4(LOXL4),urokinase plasminogen activator(uPA),and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor(uPAR)in human cervical carcinoma cell lines.Methods LOXL4,uPA and uPAR mRNA expression levels in cell lines Hela,ME180,and HCC94were investigated by the method of reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR),determination of LOXL4protein levels in cell lines Hela,ME180,and HCC94with western blot.Results Differential expressions were found both LOXL4mRNA and protein levels of all the three human cervical carcinoma cells(P0.01).Hela had the highest expression,and was followed by ME180and HCC94,respectively.The expression levels of uPA and uPAR mRNA were highest in HCC94cell lines,and significantly higher than that of Hela and ME180cell lines(P0.05).Conclusion The expression of LOXL4mRNA,uPA and uPAR mRNA in human cervical carcinoma cell lines might be associated with invasion and metastasis of cervical cancer cells.


Monocytes (M) and macrophages (Mφ) cells aremononuclear essential components of the innate immunesystem response. (M) and (Mφ) are mononuclear phagocytesthat have crucial distinct roles in tissue homeostasisand immunity. (M) are key players during inflammationand pathogen challenge also are precursor of (Mφ), whereas tissue resident (Mφ) have important functions indevelopment, tissue homeostasis and the resolution of inflammation. They comprise what was just recently recognizedas a heterogeneous family of professional phagocyticcells responsible for the recognition and clearance ofpathogens and dead cells. Optimal Control equations forthe state x1(t) with tracking in the state x2(t) has beenapplied to two dimensional system of differential not homogeneousequations presented in [15], [7]. This systemrepresents the behavior of (M) and (Mφ) into the bloodflow. Special form of matrices H and Q in the cost criterionfunction J is given for obtain the convergence of the statevariables ((M) and (Mφ) to optimal asymptotic values(health state) when the production rate λ is modified.


The continuing change in the legal framework for adapting national legislation to internationalstandards and introducing innovations in record-keeping of salaries and wagesin budgetary institutions has implications for record-keeping methods and methodologies. Record-keeping of salaries and wages in the Ukrainian public sector is subject to reform, whichraises importance of the issues of innovation in record-keeping of salaries and wages, to ensureharmonization of Ukrainian practices with respective international standards. The articleaims to analyze innovations in record-keeping of salaries and wages in Ukrainian budgetaryinstitutions, with making up recommendations on regulatory improvements, to allow for reliableand complete information about calculations of wages and salaries in the public sector.The study shows substantial gap between classifications of payment categories in National Standard of Accounting in Public Sector (NSAPS) 132 "Employee benefits" and International Standard of Accounting in Public Sector (LSAPS) 25 "Employee benefits". Asignificant disadvantage of NSAPS 132 "Employee benefits" is absence of a definition of"employee benefits ", which interpretation is given by the authors.To improve record-keeping of salaries and wages, the account 65 "Calculation of wages " should be renamed as "Calculation of wages and employee benefits", with addingsub-accounts 6520 "Benefits to employees dismissed due to retirement age" and 6521"Benefits to employees dismissed by decision ofpublic sector entity" to the account 65, tohave regular information about benefits to dismissed employees.In addition, the need to cohere the structure of account 65 "Calculation of wages andemployee benefits" with the classification of benefits used in NSAPS 132 "Employee benefits" is demonstrated, to ensure conformity of the benefits categoriesfixed in NSAPS 132 "Employee benefits " and the synthetic accounting data.The proposals to improve the synthetic account of wages and salaries calculationsare made to ensure transparency in the record-keeping process, improve the informationalcontent of record-keeping and harmonize it with international practices.


: To investigate the effect of abrasive agglomeration on the wear behavior of optical glasses dur⁃ ing magnetorheological finishing , this study used an environmentally controlled linear reciprocating tribom⁃ eter to conduct friction and wear experiments of fused silica by rubbing against a stainless steel sphere and adding different degrees of agglomerated nanodiamond polishing solution. Optical microscopy and a white light interferometer were used to characterize the wear mechanism of the fused silica , and the tribological


In the second half of the 19th century, industrialization and urbanization in America were well advanced. Similarly, the consumption of new products was in full swing, on a scale never seen before and the American nation was being thoroughly trained to consume all kinds of things, guided on its way from "an economy of home production to an economy of purchasing [. . .] mass-produced commodities" (Mehaffy 138). Such a radical change required aggressive and efficient marketing strategies for which the trade card was ideal as Margaret Hale observes: "the advertising card [. . .] met the need for an effective national advertising medium, heralding the arrival of an extraordinary variety of manufactured goods newly available to the American public" (683). Spurred by technical advances in lithography and printing, trade cards were quite easily and cheaply produced in the second half of the 19 century. The little cards, approximately 2x4 or 3x5 inches, featured images on the front and a promotional text and sometimes also the address of the local retailer on their back. Some companies commissioned custom designed scenes; others simply used stock images which were then overprinted with the name of the product and its manufacturer. Due to their small size the cards could be easily distributed among potential customers either over the counter or packaged in the product. When by the 1880s colored cards supplanted earlier black and white images, their appeal became even stronger as color on printed material had been quite rare (Jay 32f.). Depicting everyday scenes, telling little stories, coming as individual pictures or as series, trade cards became immensely popular and circulated widely. Although they were cheap, mass-produced images, given to consumers for free (or together with a certain product), trade cards soon Nineteenth-Century Contexts Vol. 34, No. 2, May 2012, pp. 85–115


Recent applications of density functional theory to nuclear structure are discussed, highlighting the current status of the effective action approach using effective field theory, and outlining future challenges.


Taxes have the bigges important role as a source of revenue and income for the country for improved welfare of the people. One of the biggest taxpayer requested for accountinng, deposit, and reporting tax payable is the individual taxpayer. The biggest problem that always appears in a community is the influence of non-compliance / complience of individual Taxpayers or agencies fo pay taxes obligations becouse of low knowledge, and not yet started comprehensive. This study examines the effect of socialization tax, service tax authorities, and tax penalties for individual taxpayer compliance. This study exsamines is Performance in KPP Pratama Semarang Barat and KPP Pratama Semarang Timur. Data used in this study, the primary data. Sources of primary data in this study obtained directly from randomly selected individual taxpayer in KPP Pratama Semarang Barat dan KPP Pratama Semarang Timur as many as 100 samples. By using multiple linear regression techniques. This results showed that taxations socialization, service tax authorities, and tax penalties positive and significant impact on the individual taxpayer compliance in Semarang. Keywords: Taxation Socialization, Service Tax Authorities, Tax Penalties


Objective To explore the effect of the application of the dynamic principle of management in performance evaluation system of the community nurses' door-to-door services.Methods From December 2012 to June 2013,the 12 health service stations of South City Community Health Service Center in Dongguan established the new performance evaluation system of nurses' door-to-door services based on the dynamic principle of management.The number of service types,the fre-quency of home visits,the score of performance,and the work contents of home vists were collected before and after the estalish-ment of the new system.Results The total number of free clinic consultations and health education held by serveral health serv-ice stations jointly after the reform were 1.4 times as many as that before the reform,the total number of free clinic consultations and health education held by single community health service station after the reform was 6.2 times as many as that before the re-form,the number of home visits increased by 19.7 times after the reform,and the cumulative number of work in home visits in-creased by 21.5 times after the reform.Before the reform,the work contents of home visits were mainly foundmental care,its work contents after the reform were mainly physical examinations.The total performance score of each health service station was different,in which the highest scorce as Shuilian Commnity Health Service Station got was 4.0 times higher than the lowest scores as the Baima Station got.The total number of home visits of all stations was 11.6 times higher than the number of joint free clinic consultations and health education,and 7.7 times higher than the number of free clinic consultations and health lectures held by a single station.Conclusion The establishment of the new perfromance evaluation system could not only increase the number of door-to-door service and home visits done by the nurses in commnunity health service stations,but also enrich the work con-tents of home visits.And the system can help to measure the overall performance differences both between commnity health serv-ice stations and between each individual within each station.


T3 summarize group discussions which follow a series of position papers is a challenging task. This conference on medical education provided no exception to the common observation that such a summary may do justice to some points and not to others. What is meant by the term "problem solving", and why has an interest suddenly developed in problem-solving techniques as applicable to medi¬ cal education? Solution of a problem involves a precise statement of the question, acquisition of accurate data, and formulation and verification of a hypothesis. Problem solving has always formed a basic and essential skill of physicians. A new interest in problem-solving techniques has developed for a number of reasons. Educational psychologists are exploring the process of problem solving with a view to improving our understanding of the mechan¬ isms by which solutions are produced. Rapid acquisition of new facts and concepts makes skill in effective handling of information vitally im¬ portant. There is evidence that standards of medical


People interacting with people from other cultures often feel 'lost'. Lacking familiar attitudes, beliefs, behaviors, procedures or structures that shape day-to-day interactions, people in cross-cultural situations often get disoriented, make mistakes and spend time and energy merely surviving rather than understanding and appreciating the differences they encounter. They also often fail to negotiate the most favorable agreements possible or to resolve serious conflicts due to cultural misunderstandings. So the following paper will discuss the relation between Intercultural relations and the International negotiations and the paper will be divided into the following parts:1-Defining culture.2- Defining negotiation.3- Preparing for intercultural negotiations and dispute resolution.4- Characteristics effective intercultural negotiators.5- What affects the outcome of intercultural negotiations?6- The difference between the US and Chinese negotiation styles .7- Conclusion.


Outcomes of HLA haplo-identical transplantation using post-transplantation cyclophosphamide(PT/Cy-haplo) are similar to those of HLA-matched related/unrelated transplantation. Unlike classical HLA haplo-identical transplantation, PT/Cy-haplo does not require expensive T-cell depletion. Furthermore, accumulating evidences, including meta-analysis data, have indicated that PT/Cy-haplo may have a significant advantage over HLA-matched transplantation, concerning the low incidence of clinically significant, moderate-to-severe chronic graft-versus-host disease. This clinical advantage of PT/Cy-haplo could contribute to economic medical benefits by reducing the cost and improve the quality of life of the patients. The establishment of PT/Cy-haplo could neces-sitate the recalibration of the donor selection algorithm. having B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the E2A-PBX1 fusion gene. He achieved complete remission after multi-agent chemotherapy and received an unrelated CBT from a two HLA loci mismatched donor. The patient tested positive for antibodies (IgG) against HHV6 before conditioning for the CBT. The conditioning regimen consisted of total body irradiation (12 Gy) and high-dose cyclophosphamide (60 mg/ kg/day for 2 days). The number of infused nucleated cells in the cord blood was 2.1 × 10 7 /kg body weight. Prophylaxis for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) consisted of a combination of tacrolimus (0.02 mg/kg/day) and mycophenolate mofetil (30 mg/kg/day). Prophylaxis for herpesvirus infection consisted of oral aciclovir (1,000 mg/day). Grade II acute GVHD of the skin developed on day 12 post-transplantation, and prednisolone (0.5 mg/kg/day) was administered. GVHD responded promptly, and prednisolone was discontinued by We report the case of a 45-year-old male patient who developed human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6)-associated pleurisy after an unrelated cord blood transplantation (CBT) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A large amount of pleural effusion accompanied by interstitial pneumonitis was noted on the right side on day 37 posttransplantation. A real-time quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) assay revealed that the HHV6 viral load was substantially higher in the pleural effusion than in the peripheral blood plasma at the onset of pleurisy, with 2.2 × 10 2 and 7.9 × 10 3 copies of HHV6 DNA/mL in the peripheral blood plasma and the supernatant of the pleural effusion, respectively. Moreover, HHV6 DNA was still detected in the pleural effusion after antiviral therapy. Therefore, the pleural cavity may have been the primary site of HHV6 replication in the present case. To our knowledge, the present study is the first detailed report of adult HHV6-associated pleurisy after CBT. HHV6-associated pleurisy should be considered a potential complication when pleural effusion of unknown cause is encountered after CBT, even in the absence of HHV6 DNA in the peripheral blood. (Journal of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation 3(2): 59-63, 2014.)


Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is characterized by the presence of thrombi in the microvasculature associated with microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and varying degrees of organ dysfunction.1,2 It results in three known clinical entities: thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).1–3 Histologically, MAT presents with thickening of the small vessel wall, intraluminal platelet thrombosis and luminal obstruction.4 In TTP the most commonly affected organ is the brain, with its pathophysiology deficient in the activity of ADAMTS13, a protease that cleaves the Von Willebrand factor.4 DIC is an acquired syndrome characterized by uncontrolled activation of the coagulation cascade with formation of fibrin thrombi. It is often a clinical complication of trauma, sepsis or adverse obstetric events.4–6 HUS most commonly affects the kidney and is characterized by nonimmune microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (anemia, increased reticulocytes, increased LDH, indirect hyperbilirubinemia, peripheral blood schizocytes, low haptoglobin and direct negative coombs test), thrombocytopenia and acute kidney injury.2,3 Historically, HUS was classified as typical and atypical. The typical form occurs more commonly in children, responds well to supportive therapy, has a rare recurrence and is preceded by bloody bacterial diarrhea usually associated with Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia Coli (strain OH157: H7).3,4 Atypical HUS (aHUS) encompassed all other causes, being responsible for 5-10% of cases, affecting children and young adults and with a worse prognosis5 evidenced by high morbidity and mortality in the acute phase of the disease, and by the evolution to end-stage renal disease in about 50% of cases.2,3


ABSTRACT This longitudinal study aims to bring new insight into the comprehension of the management behaviors of the craftsman and the opportunistic entrepreneurs in the case of newly created manufacturing firms, taking into account the role of the marketing function. Seventy owner-managers were interviewed and the results about the "business knowledge before starting up" indicate that two variables allow to discriminate between the opportunistic and the craftsman entrepreneurs. Other results indicate that the management of the opportunistic entrepreneur deals with more functions (production, marketing and finance) then the management of the craftsman entrepreneur (production). Some marketing management behaviors allow discrimination between these two types of entrepreneurs during the first year of operation of the firm.


This paper reports on the formative research process in the development of a series of tuberculosis prevention and treatment display cards, aimed at a community with a low level of literacy. The aim of the project was to evaluate existing posters and to develop a new series of display cards that health workers could use to discuss tuberculosis symptoms and treatment with their patients.

Fifty two patients from eight tuberculosis clinics participated in the evaluative process of existing posters and the formative design process of display cards during a structured interview with a qualitative approach. The results indicated that the subjects had difficulty in understanding some of the Western-oriented graphic conventions, and the symbolic and latent messages in the existing posters. Only one of the existing posters obtained an acceptable comprehension level. The comprehension rating of the twelve new display cards improved when they were developed during a formative process with tuberculosis patients. A realistic photographic approach proved to be more effective in communicating the prevention and treatment messages to an audience with a low level of literacy, than did a simplified-illustrative approach.

This paper compares the results of this project with those of others and suggests guidelines that graphic designers can use when designing for developing communities. The paper is illustrated with examples of both the existing and the new display cards.


A sensor network is specified in a real-time network with essential features. The network is subject to numerous network level and node level constraints. Clustering refers to the technical enhancement of the network in order to enhance network connectivity. In this study, two step architectures are given to improve connectivity in the sensor network. In the first step, the network is separated into smaller parts, called clusters. The community composition here is performed using the grouping strategies of the various parameter-based K-Means. The parameters used here are a single node and a particular neighbour. Basic parameters of the node included node capacity, probability vector and coverage range. The neighbouring basic parameters are the density and degree of the node. Once the clusters are created, an adaptive communication tree is built. In the second step, the genetic method is used to create an optimal route between clusters to send data packets to the base station.


Pathological observation of stunting syndrome with pancreatic atrophy in broiler chickens was made on 95 chickens from 9 affected broiler flocks and 28 chickens from a single broiler flock where the syndrome was expected to occur. At necropsy , pancreatic atrophy was found in 91.6% of the affected chickens. Histologically, atrophy of the acinus , dilation of the acinal lumen, interstitial fibrosis, and hyperplasia of lymphoid follicle were observed in the pancreas . The pancreatic ducts near the ductus choledochus showed stenosis and occlusion in 70.4% of the pancreas. Three chickens from a broiler flock where the occurrence was anticipated showed characteristic pancreatic lesions, and obstruction of the pancreatic ducts near the ductus choledochus . The pathogenesis of the pancreatic lesions may be due to the obstruction of the pancreatic ducts near the ductus choledochus . ―J. Jpn. Vet. Med. Assoc. , 42, 104-107 (1989).


Agile enterprise alliance (AEA) is the main procreative organization form of information society in the 21st century. Choosing and deciding partners in AEA is one of the key links to set up agile enterprise alliance. The correct partners' selection is very important to enhance total competition power of AEA. In this paper, a new partners' valuation system in AEA and a revised analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method is put forward.


Properties of Laves phase compounds can be tailored by alloying and microstructural engineering. V-substituted cubic TiCr2 Laves phase has been studied to understand the location of V atoms in the lattice, by structural imaging and first-principle computations. Even though Ti, V and Cr appear next to each other in the periodic table, V preferentially replaces the Ti lattice producing anti-site defects. The defect formation energy for V substitution in Ti and in Cr lattice is 0.29 and 0.40 eV, respectively. V replacement in the Ti lattice generates atomic scale strain. Atomic numbers of V, Ti and Cr being very close, this phase is not quite suitable for incoherent imaging for understanding the structure and the chemistry. Instead, difference in channelling behaviour of electron waves along the Ti columns and along the Cr columns could be exploited to preferentially image the individual atom columns. Nature of the exit phase wave, phase and amplitude has been used to understand the contrast qualitatively. The intensity distribution of any particular atom column that is disturbed by the presence of foreign atom has been used to detect the position of V atoms. This method could be extended to study other Laves phases and complex intermetallic structures to understand their structure, defects and interfaces.


The primary problem in arc welding using rotating arc sensor is filtering and extraction of the signal during the welding process.The basic principle of arc sensor and welding signal characteristics are introduced.The general digital filters of the rotating arc signal and the comparison of the filters in experiments are produced.An effective combination of signal filtering method applied in rotating arc sensor is put forward.Experiments prove that this method can more effectively restrain the interference of the arc signal and retain the useful information of signal characteristics.


When James II began looking in Wales for Catholics who could be appointed to the Bench and lieutenancy, he found very few potential supporters in most Welsh counties. What Catholics there were tended to be minor figures, or outsiders who happened to hold Welsh lands. Monmouthshire had a strong contingent of recusants; but the greatest surprise came in Glamorgan, where there came forward a series of apparently recent converts from the Carne and Stradling families. Three Carne brothers served as enthusiastic Catholic Justices, all the more valuable because they held their position by their own prestige and ancestry in addition to political orthodoxy. In 1688, they were virtually the only family in south Wales to attempt serious (indeed, threatening) resistance to the Protestant coup.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to organic chemistry and can be used for cleaning soil from oil, including from oil, masout, hydrocarbons, liquid fuel, as well as for treatment and collection of oil, oil, masout, fuel, hydrocarbons and other oil products from solid surfaces, for example, from inner surfaces of tanks for storage of oil or oil products, equipment used during production, processing, transportation of oil, equipment used for production of oil products, drilling mud, gravel and sand at storage facilities or other solid surfaces. Substance for cleaning soil and solid surfaces from oil is an aqueous solution of natural polysaccharide and surfactant. Natural polysaccharide used is microgels of polysaccharides of molecular weight from 20,000 to 200,000 Da and particle size from 50 to 600 nm. Total concentration of microgels of polysaccharides and surfactant in aqueous solution is not less than 0.2 g/l, and ratio of microgels of polysaccharides to surfactant ranges from 10:1 to 1:10. EFFECT: group of inventions provides high efficiency of cleaning solid surfaces or soil from oil, reduced specific consumption of reagents with simultaneous increase of environmental safety of cleaning solid surfaces or soil from oil and enabling recycling of oil removed from soil and solid surfaces, as well as surfactants. 12 cl, 4 ex


Under the European Coal and Steel Community Treaty,l a member State may submit to the Court of Justice of the European Communities2 a dispute with another member State concerning the application of the Treaty.8 And under certain circumstances, a Community official may likewise institute an action in this Court against a member State.4 But the enterprises subject to the jurisdiction of the E.C.S.C. have no such right, because "the E.C.S.C. Treaty contains no provisions permitting private parties directly to appeal to the Court against a violation of the Treaty by a member State."5 While the Treaty thus effectively precludes the possibility of a direct appeal, it nevertheless


The III-V semiconductors react extremely rapidly with most commonly used contact metallizations. This precludes the use of elevated temperatures in the contact formation process for solar cells and other shallow junction devices. These devices must rely upon contact metallizations that are sufficiently conductive in their 'as-fabricated' state. However, while there are a number of non-sintered metallizations that have acceptable characteristics, the lack of a sintering step makes them vulnerable to a variety of environmentally induced degradation processes. The degrading effects resulting from the exposure of unsintered devices to a humid environment and to a vacuum (space) environment are described. It is shown, further, that these effects are magnified by the presence of mechanical damage in the contact metallization. The means to avoid or prevent these degrading interactions are presented.


Reasons for including failure case studies within the undergraduate engineering curriculum have been made by various authors, which has led to the inclusion of structural failure cases into some analysis and design courses. However, there is also a need for Civil Engineers to understand project management issues. This paper deals with the integration of failure case studies into a construction management course. In addition to catastrophic failure case studies, such as the Hyatt Regency Walkway Collapse (Kansas City, Missouri) and the L'Ambiance Plaza Collapse (Bridgeport, Connecticut), the course makes extensive use of the Montreal Olympic Facility design and construction to demonstrate how deficiencies in the design and construction process can lead to extreme constructability problems and exorbitant cost overruns. The author also shows how the inclusion of the case studies addresses some of the more difficult areas to address in the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) evaluation criteria.


g-Jitter induced mixed convection flow of micropolar nanofluids past an inclined stretching sheet is numerically studied in this paper. Copper (Cu) in water based is considered. The governing partial differential equation is transformed into non-dimensional form by using appropriate non-dimensional variables and then solved by using Keller-box method. The behaviour of physical quantities such as skin friction and heat transfer coefficients as well as the velocity, microrotation and temperature profiles are investigated for both strong and weak concentration of microelements. The numerical results show that, the values of reduced skin friction and heat transfer coefficient are increased by increasing the material parameter but produce an opposite behaviour with the increasing in nanoparticles volume fraction parameter.


Individuals of advanced chronological age exhibit an impaired immune response to vaccines. This may be due to a reduction in the ratio of antigen naive/memory CD4 and CD8 T cells and acquisition of functional defects in activated "helper" CD4 T cells (eg diminished CD40 ligand (CD40L) expression) during the aging process. The absence of the CD40L on activated CD4 helper T cells reduces the magnitude of expansion of antigen specific T and B cells induced by vaccination. In order to circumvent this defective response to vaccines among individuals in the fifth and sixth decades of life, our laboratory has developed an adenoviral vector (Ad-sig-TAA/ecdCD40L) vaccine which is designed to overcome the absence of CD40L expression in activated CD4 helper T cells in older individuals. The subcutaneous (sc) injection of this vector leads to the release of a fusion protein composed of a TAA linked to the extracellular domain (ecd) of the CD40L, which binds to the CD40 receptor on DCs, activates the DCs, and leads to the presentation of TAA fragments on Class I MHC. Two sc injections of the TAA/ecdCD40L protein as a booster following the sc administration of the Ad-sig-TAA/ecdCD40L vector (we call this the TAA/ecdCD40L VPP vaccine) expands the magnitude of the cellular and humoral immune response induced by the vector in 18 month old aged mice as well as in younger mice. In order to explore ways of further amplifying the immune response induced by this vaccine, we decided to test the feasibility of using this vaccine following treatments which reduce the number of T cells in the body of the test subject. We hypothesized that during states of chemotherapy or radiation induced lymphopenia, the number of negative regulatory CD4CD25FoxP3 T cells would be reduced, and all of the regulatory signals in the T cell compartment would be promoting expansion of T cells, thus creating an ideal state for vaccination. To test this hypothesis, we injected 100,000 cells from an established neoplastic cell line sc. Three days later, we administered myeloablative doses of total body irradiation (TBI) followed by a T cell depleted syngeneic bone marrow transplant (TCDBMT) to reconstitute neutrophil and platelet production. Three days following the TBI and TCDBMT, we intravenously infused donor lymphocytes (DLI) from a TAA/ ecdCD40L VPP vaccinated syngeneic donor. Four weeks later, we vaccinated the recipient mouse further with TAA/ecdCD40L sc injections. We tested this for a TAA composed of a junctional peptide from the p210Bcr-Abl protein of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and for the E7 protein of the human papilloma virus (HPV). We found that in the case of the BcrAbl/ecdCD40L VPP vaccine, 50% of the mice treated with TBI, TCDBMT, ten million lymphocytes (DLI) from BcrAbl/ecdCD40L VPP vaccinated syngeneic donors followed in 4 weeks by 3 BcrAbl/ecdCD40L protein sc injections of the recipient test mouse, developed a complete response with the vaccination and that these mice remained disease free beyond 250 days after injection of the P210Bcr-Abl positive 32D leukemia cells, whereas C56BL/6J test mice treated with TBI and TCDBMT without DLI from vaccinated donors nor sc BcrAbl/ecdCD40L sc booster vaccination following injection with the p210Bcr-Abl positive 32D myeloid leukemia cell line all died by day 32. Mice treated with TBI, TCDBMT, DLI from unvaccinated donors followed by vaccination of the recipient with 3 sc BcrAbl/ecdCD40L protein injections exhibited a degree of leukemia suppression that was equal to mice receiving TBI, TCDBMT, DLI from a BcrAbl/ecdCD40L VPP vaccinated donor and BcrAbl/ecdCD40L vaccination. To test the effect of the TAA/ecdCD40L VPP vaccine against an antigen associated with an epithelial neoplasm, we injected 100,000 E7 positive TC-1 mouse cancer cells into syngeneic C57BL6J mice followed in 3–5 days by myeloablative doses of TBI and engrafting doses of TCDBMT. Three days later, the mice received 10 million spleen cells from syngeneic donor mice previously vaccinated with the E7/ecdCD40L VPP vaccine. Finally, 4 weeks later, the test mice received sc E7/ecdCD40L protein booster injections. The vaccinated mice achieved much greater degrees of tumor suppression than was seen following TBI and TCDBMT without DLI from vaccinated donors. These studies show that it is possible to induce a robust adaptive immune response by vaccination with the TAA/ecdCD40L VPP vaccine even in severely lymphopenic individuals.


This essay explores the parallels and divergences between Fidel Castro and Machiavelli's self-made ruler. Much of The Prince deals with the problem of how a man can raise himself from private fortune or even obscure and abject origins to a position of undisputed political primacy as conqueror or founder of a new state or regime. Clearly, Fidel Castro accomplished that feat. The question before us is, how closely does Castro match the Machiavellian mold in terms of personal qualities and political methods?1 Suggestibly, among the works kept in Castro's small hut at his guerrilla camp in the Sierra Maestra in 1958 was a copy of The Prince (Quirk 1993, 71).2


A near-infrared spectroscopy system is developed to measure accurately content of grain nutrient. The spectroscopic system mainly consists of near-infrared spectrometer, halogen lamp, stepping motor module, light attenuator, volume weight module. Since the absorbance of grain in NIR range is relatively high, a new type of light attenuator is developed to precisely measure the reference spectra. The method to obtain the transmission spectra is discussed in this study. The control system running on Windows operation system is also developed to acquire spectral data and process the obtained data. The control procedures are presented in detail. The spectroscopic system can automatically complete the measurement by the control system. The results showed that the present design can obtain the transmission spectra of grain effectivly


In this paper, a contactless charging system for an electric vehicle (EV) battery is proposed. The system consists of three parts: 1) a high-frequency power supply from a full-bridge inverter with frequency modulation; 2) a loosely coupled transformer that utilizes series resonant capacitors for both the primary and secondary windings; and 3) a rectification output circuit that uses a full-bridge diode rectifier. With carefully selected compensation network parameters, zero-voltage switching can be ensured for all the primary switches within the full range of an EV battery charging procedure, which allows the use of low ON-state resistance power MOSFETs to achieve high-frequency operation and system efficiency. The design of loosely coupled transformer is simulated and verified by finite element analysis software. For a 4-kW hardware prototype, the peak dc-dc efficiency reaches 98% and 96.6% under 4- and 8-cm air gap conditions, respectively. The prototype was tested with an electronic load and a home-modified EV to verify the performance of constant current and constant voltage control and their transitions.


Abstract In this study, a model examining the effects of customer orientation and job resources (supervisory support, training, empowerment, and rewards) on frontline employees' job satisfaction, affective organizational commitment, and turnover intentions is developed and tested. Data collected via self-administered questionnaires from a sample of 723 frontline hotel employees in Turkey serve as the study setting. Results show that customer orientation and job resources enhance frontline employees' job satisfaction and affective organizational commitment, and diminish their turnover intentions. Also, job satisfaction has a significant positive impact on affective organizational commitment and a negative effect on turnover intentions. Implications of the results are discussed and future research avenues are offered.


Localization has significantly influenced translation tasks and roles of translators due to the technological development of text production, processing and distribution. However, Translation Studies remains at the periphery of a broader area of emerging Localization Studies that includes related scholarly research in IT technology, human-computer interaction, empirical Cultural Studies, cross-cultural and international management, etc. These lines of theoretical, descriptive and applied research are currently isolated and need to be synthesized and problematized under a unifying theoretical framework. Currently, localization is approached within Translation Studies as just another technology-aided type of translation. Theoretical conceptualizations that provide a theoretical framework for a transdisciplinary turn in localization research are few and have not generated much enthusiasm among TS scholars. The question is whether the time has come for the state-of-the art TS to meet the challenge or to occupy but a small niche within maturing Localization Studies.


This paper motivates why Real-Time Maude should be well suited to provide a formal semantics and formal analysis capabilities to modeling languages for embedded systems. One can then use the code generation facilities of the tools for the modeling languages to automatically synthesize Real-Time Maude verification models from design models, enabling a formal model engineering process that combines the convenience of modeling using an informal but intuitive modeling language with formal verification. We give a brief overview six fairly different modeling formalisms for which Real-Time Maude has provided the formal semantics and (possibly) formal analysis. These models include behavioral subsets of the avionics modeling standard AADL, Ptolemy II discrete-event models, two EMF-based timed model transformation systems, and a modeling language for handset software.


Genitourinary tuberculosis is the common manifestation of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis. In the male genital tract, the epididymis followed by seminal vesicle, prostate, vas deferens and testis are commonly affected sites. Ultrasonography (USG) is the best imaging modality for the diagnosis of the diseases of male genital tract. We are presenting USG findings in two cases of male genital tuberculosis with involvement of the prostate, seminal vesicle, epididymis and vas deferens.


Surveys, in 1993 and 2003, of industrial employers of BS analytical chemists show that respondents consider employees' abilities to work as a team member, solve problems, write and communicate orally, work safely with a positive ethic, perform calculations, and apply basic chemical principles to be the most important. There is dissatisfaction with the preparation of graduates with regard to communications skills, safety training, and problem-solving abilities. Respondents also indicated that graduates should have had hands-on experience with a variety of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques as well as some techniques not commonly encountered in the teaching laboratory, such as auto-titration, microwave digestion, and optical microscopy. Examination of recent surveys of the content of analytical chemistry courses shows a decline in the extent to which electrochemical techniques feature in the curriculum, with the possible exception of cyclic voltammetry and potentiometry, and an increase in the prominence of spectroscopy and separations, in line with the expectations of industrial employers. Some 10,000 students graduate each year with a bachelor's degree in chemistry from just over 1,000 U.S. and Puerto Rican institutions of higher learning [1]. Approximately 50% go on to graduate or professional school of whom about 45% (i.e., 2,250) stay in chemistry [2] with about 1700 of the other 55% going to medical, dental, or pharmacy school. About 3,300 have permanent or temporary full-time jobs and 7% are unemployed. Of the 3,300 who are employed, 23% are in academia, 66% are in industry, and 12% are working for the government or other employers. This means that about 26% of B.S. graduates go directly to chemistry-related employment in manufacturing or service industries. Thus, the two destinations that take the largest fractions of new B.S. graduates are graduate school and industry; therefore, it is appropriate that the B.S. curriculum pay attention to the needs of these two destinations. While a detailed breakdown of the nature of industrial employment is not available, a significant portion of the jobs are analytical in nature [2]. In 1996, the results of a survey of employers of B.S. chemists for analytical chemistry jobs, conducted over the period July 1993 to February 1996, appeared in Managing the Modern Laboratory [3], the journal of the Analytical Laboratory Managers' Association (ALMA). At that time, there was considerable interest in the training of B.S. analytical chemists in both the U.S. and the U.K. In the U.S., the papers presented at the Education for Industry symposium at the 212th ACS National Meeting (August 1996) were published [4], and the deliberations and conclusions of workshops, sponsored by NSF's Divisions of Chemistry and Undergraduate Education, held in October 1996 and March 1997 also became available under the title "Curricular Developments in the Analytical Sciences" [5]. In the U.K., the Laboratory of the Government Chemist had, in 1993, issued a report of the results of a comprehensive survey of industrial employers of B.Sc. graduates for analytical chemistry jobs entitled "Study on the Supply and Demand for Analytical Chemists" [6]. he contents of the report were described in a 1995 article in Managing the Modern Laboratory, entitled "Chemistry Graduates: How Can Industry Get What it Wants?" [7]. Common to the surveys on either side of the Atlantic was the general finding that there was considerable dissatisfaction with the state of preparation of students for work as analytical chemists. In the U.S., considerable efforts were made by several educators who had been participants in the NSF workshops to spread the word about the need for curricular reform in the teaching of analytical chemistry and to provide resources to facilitate such reform and implement new pedagogies [8–10]. Such efforts included a series of conference symposia at, for example, the Federation of Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy Societies (FACSS) annual meeting, as well as workshops on problem-based learning at the annual Pittsburgh Conference and Exposition and a series of articles in the A-pages of Analytical Chemistry [11–13]. These initiatives were also responsible, in part, for the creation of the Analytical Sciences Digital Library [14]. There does not seem to be much discussion in the chemical education literature over the preparation of B.S. chemists for employment in U.S. industry: a search of the literature turned up only one or two articles. In 1999, Tolman and Parshall [15] identified some 50-year trends in the chemical industry and indicated that the qualities that chemical companies seek in chemists and technicians include the abilities to (a) work creatively on complex and unfamiliar problems, (b) communicate effectively in both speaking and writing, (c) work in teams and (d) assess one's own knowledge and learn what one needs to know over the course of one's entire career. In addition, they wrote that "technicians need to understand basic chemistry, physics, biology, mathematics, and computer operations. Communications skills, both oral and written are now important." In 2001, Marine [16] reported on the teaching of workplace skills in a simulated analytical department. The program was designed "to teach laboratory skills, communication skills, computer skills, and workplace factors such as teamwork and ethics." In a later report [17], an Table 1. Ranking Order of 14 Skills Based on 33 Responses to Questionnaire Category 1: Most important Category 2: Very important Category 3: Important Category 4: Not necessary Work as a team member


Normal coordinate analyses are performed for trans,trans‐1,3,5,7‐octatetraene and all‐trans‐1,3,5,7,9‐decapentaene on the basis of ab initio molecular orbital (MO) calculations and observed infrared and Raman spectra. The infrared and Raman spectra of all‐trans‐1,3,5,7,9‐decapentaene are measured in this study. Ab initio MO calculations are carried out at the second‐order Mo/ller–Plesset perturbation (MP2) level with the 6‐31G* basis set. The calculated force fields are scaled by using the scale factors determined to obtain good fits between the calculated and observed frequencies of trans‐1,3,5‐hexatriene. The calculated frequencies are in satisfactory agreement with the observed for all the modes of both octatetraene and decapentaene including the in‐phase C=C stretches, for which the calculated frequencies at the Hartree–Fock (HF) level deviate considerably from the observed. It is concluded that good force fields of all‐trans oligoenes can be obtained from ab initio MP2 calculations by use of the scal...


with Crohn's disease. It has a poor prognosis, possibly related to difficulties in early diagnosis. There is a paucity of data on clinical characteristics and radiologic features. We sought to update our institutional experience with Crohn's disease and small bowel adenocarcinoma. METHODS: Medical records were abstracted to identify all Crohn's disease patients with small bowel adenocarcinoma evaluated at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN between 1976 and 2011. Clinical, demographic, and outcomes data were obtained for each patient. Pre-operative CT scans were re-evaluated by a gastrointestinal radiologist. RESULTS: Twenty-five cases (16 males) were identified. Median ages at Crohn's and cancer diagnoses were 22 (range, 15-69) and 54 years (range, 31-73), respectively. Median interval between Crohn's diagnosis and cancer detection was 21 years (range, 1-50). Seventeen patients (68%) had a history of small bowel stricture prior to cancer diagnosis. Previous Crohn's therapy included corticosteroids (96%), aminosalicylates (67%), immunomodulators (52%), and anti-TNF agents (32%). At diagnosis, 14 patients (58%) were receiving corticosteroids, 4 (17%) an aminosalicylate, 4 (17%) an immunomodulator, 6 (25%) an anti-TNF agent, 2 (8%) an immunomodulator and anti-TNF agent, and 3 (13%) were on no Crohn's therapy. All patients were symptomatic at presentation with abdominal pain (96%), nausea/vomiting (92%), and weight loss (73%). Bowel perforation was detected in 22% of cases at the time of imaging. Malignancies were identified in the jejunum (19%) and the ileum (81%). Tumors were typically classified as grade 3 or 4 (91%). Lymph node involvement or distant metastases were present at diagnosis in 72%. All patients underwent surgical resection, and 9 (38%) received adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-FU and leucovorin or FOLFOX. Median time from adenocarcinoma diagnosis to last visit or death was 0.9 years (range, 0-19.5). Eighteen (75%) patients had persistent or recurrent adenocarcinoma at last follow-up. Of patients with recurrent cancer, 5 (50%) had received steroids, 4 (40%) had received an aminosalicylate, 1 (10%) had received an immunomodulator, 1 (10%) had received anti-TNF therapy, and 3 (30%) had received no Crohn's therapy after resection. Oneand two-year mortality rates were 29% and 50%, respectively. Twelve patients (48%) had an abdominal CT performed a median of 6 days (range, 0-24) prior to surgical resection, and six (50%) were CT enterography studies. On radiologic re-review, the adenocarcinoma was identified in 6 patients (50%) of which four (66%) were on CT enterography. Lesions were located in the ileum (66%) or jejunum (33%). CT features included stricture with bowel dilatation (91%), stricture due to a mass lesion (60%), active inflammation (36%), and lymphadenopathy (50%). CONCLUSION(S): Small bowel adenocarcinoma is an uncommon complication of Crohn's disease but results in significant two-year mortality. Cross-sectional imaging findings suggesting the diagnosis include a mass lesion associated with stricture and proximal bowel dilatation, but these findings often are not present even in symptomatic patients. While advanced imaging may assist with the pre-operative diagnosis, the malignancy is often diagnosed at laparotomy and often at an advanced stage.


Abstract : The DoD is perhaps the largest and most complex organization in the world, employing nearly 1.4 million people and holding approximately $1.4 trillion in assets. IT spending for business support activities in the DoD BMA-funds to operate, maintain, and modernize business systems-comprise $15.7 billion of annual DoD IT spending, roughly equal to the rest of the federal government.


Climate change is one of two major challenges humans face in the 21st century. At the heart of climate change is global warming which directly affects the ecology, rainfall, temperatures, and weather systems of all cities. Despite the foregoing, not much research has been conducted in Ghana to assess the effects of the changing weather conditions on residential electric energy consumption. Significant literature exists envisaging probable influence of rising temperatures on residential electric-energy usage, mainly through the use of air conditioning and other mechanical means for cooling. This is expected to be significant especially in developing countries with tropical climates. Currently, 32% of the country's electricity is consumed by the residential sector. This percentage is anticipated to increase by the end of the decade; considering the existing housing deficit, the rate of urbanization as well as the increasing demand for household appliances. This study assessed the influence of the weather on Ghanaian residential electricity consumption. Empirical enquiries published in peer-reviewed journals and related literature were reviewed. Electricity billing data for twelve calendar months of 153 purposively selected households in Ghana were collected. Weather data for thetwelve calendar months were also collected and Microsoft Excel software was used to analyze the frequencies and means of the data. SPSS Spearman's correlation was also used to establish the relationships between the variables. The results suggest a rather weak correlation (r=0.311) between the weather conditions and residential electric energy usage. The lower economic capacity of occupants and minimum variations in monthly temperature could be the reasons for this. Future studies could focus on establishing the extent of these factors on energy usage. However, the highest and lowest electricity consumptions coincide with the highest and lowest temperature, sunshine, and relative humidity. This is critical for adequate electric energy supply and peak load factor forecast.


The invention relates to a plate-type heat exchanger, which is characterized in that at least one first flow path which is in an intermediate position in the heat transfer plate stacking direction is a base flow path which is a branching position of the first fluid flow path. The main body has a pair of primary branch paths which allow communication between the base flow path and at least one first flow path on both sides of the base flow path in the stacking direction of the heat transfer plates. One of first communication paths communicates only with the base flow path, and the other of the first communication paths communicates only with the first flow paths which are on both sides of the base flow path in the heat transfer plate stacking direction and which are terminal ends of the first fluid flow path.


In this article, research of intensity of a capillary suction of horizontal waterproof coatings when using dry polymer plaster mixtures is described. Line charts of dependence of intensity of capillary absorption on the depth of dipping and mortars for waterproofing coatings are made based on test data. The following stage of experiment is modeling of horizontal waterproofing of shell limestone masonry in sandy and clay soils. Samples of stone were laid on waterproofing material. Material was applied according to the plan of experiment, in one, two and three layers on dry and wet surfaces of samples. Thus, during the research, it has been established that the intensity of capillary absorption is affected by porosity of shell limestone, soil conditions and types of waterproof coating.


Tissues are composed of cells and surrounding hydrogels called extracellular matrix (ECM), which has an anisotropic structure in vivo and exerts a great influence on the physiological activity of the cell via mechanical stimulation. However, the method to fabricate hydrogel materials for cell culture substrates featuring anisotropic structure has not yet been fully achieved. Collagen is one of best known ECM proteins which has anisotropic hydrogel in living tissues, but the practically applicable fabrication of anisotropic collagen has been still under investigating. In this study, we focused on the electrospinning method to prepare anisotropic collagen hydrogel. As reported, electrospun nanofibers were expected to various biomedical application, including cell culture scaffolds and DDS materials [1-3]. Electrospun collagen nanofibers have been already reported but they required chemical crosslinking due to the denaturation of triple helix structure of collagen by dissolving in highly polar organic solvents used, such as hexafluoroisopropanol. For a clinical application, it is highly desired to prepare collagen nanofibers without using any chemical crosslinking or modification. Here, we achieved to fabricate anisotropic hydrogels thorough highly oriented nanofibers produced by core-shell electrospinning of aqueous collagen solution [4]. First, we obtained highly-aligned core-shell nanofibers, which has a core of collagen and a shell of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), by electrospinning featuring a coaxial nozzle and a rotating collector. PVP is easily fibrillated and encloses core collagen solution. Then, the core-shell nanofibers were treated with a washing solution, basic ethanol solution, to promote the gelation of collagen fibers and remove PVP. As a result, we obtained collagen hydrogel fibers which has an orientation. CD spectrum of the prepared collagen fibers revealed that 70% of triple helix structure of collagen maintained. By FTIR measurement, the residual PVP was not detected. The collagen gel fiber maintained the anisotropy of as-spun fibers. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured on the collagen hydrogel fibers exhibited the extension along the fiber direction. This result showed that the collagen hydrogel is applicable to cell culture substrates which features anisotropic geometry mimicking ECM structure and maintaining highly ordered molecular structure of native collagen.


Previously, sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) was developed as a vector for transient expression of heterologous genes in Zea mays (maize). Here we show that SCMV can also be applied for virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of endogenous maize genes. Comparison of sense and antisense VIGS constructs targeting maize PDS (phytoene desaturase) showed that antisense constructs resulted in a greater reduction in gene expression. In a time course of gene expression after infection with VIGS constructs targeting PDS, Les22 (Lesion mimic 22), and Ij1 (Iodent japonica1), efficient expression silencing was observed two, three, and four weeks after infection with SCMV. However, at week five, expression of Les22 and Ij1 was no longer significantly reduced compared to control plants. The defense signaling molecule jasmonate-isoleucine (JA-Ile) can be inactivated by 12C-hydroxylation and hydrolysis, and knockout of these genes leads to increased herbivore resistance. JA-Ile hydroxylases and hydrolases have been investigated in Arabidopsis, rice, and Nicotiana attenuata. To determine whether the maize homologs of these genes function in plant defense, we silenced expression of ZmCYP94B1 (predicted JA-Ile hydroxylase) and ZmJIH1 (predicted JA-Ile hydrolase) by VIGS with SCMV. Although ZmCYP94B1 and ZmJIH1gene expression silencing increased resistance to Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm), Schistocerca americana (American birdwing grasshopper), and Rhopalosiphum maidis (corn leaf aphid), there was no additive effect from silencing the expression of both genes. Further work will be required to determine the more precise functions of these enzymes in regulating maize defenses.


Singular value decomposition of extended ensembles of non-contrast ultrasound echoes can enable imaging of deep-seated microvasculature and underlying microflow. This process, however, is computationally expensive and requires ad hoc tuning of parameters, e.g. tissue clutter rank, based on some empirical criteria not generalizing to different real-world scenarios. Here, we present a novel model-based deep learning approach that accelerates tissue removal via simplified clutter suppression followed by a refinement reconstruction network for high resolution imaging of microvasculature. Additionally we show a realistic simulation model to create extended dataset for training a deep residual reconstruction network with access to true ground truth. We present results in terms of computation speed-up, resilience to improper clutter removal parameters, and contrast improvement using our simplified rank-assisted deep residual reconstruction network (RA-DR2Net) on both simulated and real in vivo data.


We define a vertex algebra on the moduli stack of the auxiliary abelian category of pairs to give a precise formulation of the wall-crossing conjecture for Calabi–Yau 4-folds proposed by Gross–Joyce–Tanaka [34]. Assuming that it holds, we prove the conjecture of Cao–Kool [13] for 0-dimensional DT4 invariants on projective Calabi–Yau 4-folds. We also give formulae for the generating series of topological virtual fundamental classes of Hilbert schemes of points and 0-dimensional sheaves. Using these we prove a version of Nekrasov's conjecture [56] for compacts and its generalization to K-theory classes of higher rank. We compute higher rank Segre series. After defining the correct generalization of virtual Verlinde series for 4-folds, we obtain a very simple Segre–Verlinde correspondence. Finally, we relate universal series of general invariants on elliptic surfaces and elliptic curves to those on CY 4-folds via a universal transformation.


We report progress in the study of a thick CZT strip detector module designed to perform gamma-ray spectroscopy and 3-D imaging. We report preliminary performance measurements of 7.5 mm thick single-sided charge-sharing strip detector prototype devices. This design features both row and column contacts on the anode surface. This electron-only approach addresses problems associated with poor hole transport in CZT that limit the thickness and energy range of double-sided strip detectors. This work includes laboratory and simulation studies aimed at developing compact, efficient, detector modules for 0.05 to 1 MeV gamma measurements while minimizing the number and complexity of the electronic readout channels. This is particularly important in space-based coded aperture and Compton telescope instruments that require large area, large volume detector arrays. Such arrays will be required for the NASA Black Hole Finder Probe (BHFP)and Advanced Compton Telescope (ACT). This new design requires an anode pattern with contacts whose dimensions and spacing are roughly the size of the ionization charge cloud. The first prototype devices have 125 μm anode contacts on 225 μm pitch. Our results demonstrate the principle of operation but suggest that even finer anode contact feature sizes will be necessary to achieve the desired performance.


This paper addresses talking head synthesis based on the concatenation of units comprising of both acoustic and visual information. Selection of appropriate diphone units to synthesize ag iven text string is based on the minimization of aw eighted linear combination of four costs that reflect linguistic, acoustic, and visual considerations. We present initial work toward a method to determine automatically the weights applied to each cost, using a series of metrics that assess quantitatively the performance of synthesis. Index Terms :t alking head, audiovisual speech synthesis, selection, optimization


Cellular automata models are developed to simulate wound healing in tissues consisting of two cell populations, each with its own distinct migratory, proliferative and death characteristics. Simulation results show that both the growth rates and the composition of regenerated tissues depend very strongly on the migration speeds and the initial spatial distribution of the cells.


This study aims to redefine and reconstruct the African American Literature of Harlem Renaissance era with subversive perspectives to the canonical definitions of the traditional modernism. Modernism has been used to designate only some selected white writers and their texts, which are characteristic of a highly particular set of practices and techniques, such as anti-narrativity, anti-linearity, self-referentiality, internalization, disruption of linear plot, and fragmentation of point of view. The modernistic practices have been regarded as Modernism yardsticks or evaluative criteria that serve as the foundation for the modernistic canon by traditional modernistic critics and scholars. Therefore, the African American literature of the early twentieth century, the same period as Modernism was prevailing, has not been free of the long-standing claims that are not new, subversive, and revolutionary. However, the newness and revolutionary shift of African American Literature becomes more visible when it is measured by its racial and cultural lens, not by the modernistic yardsticks or criteria. This new lens, which ``The New Modernists`` wear, seek to disrupt the selective tradition of Modernism. They are devoted to canon expansion and the recuperation of Modernist texts or texts which are written during the modern period but are either neglected or denigrated. They argue that African American writings should not be measured in terms of the standard characteristic of Modernism. They also argue that the African American writers deserve to be considered Modernists too because they were committed to the modernistic project of questioning conventions.


Purely gallium oxide‐based memristors (GOMRs) show great potentials in resistive random‐access‐memory (RRAM) due to their chemical stability and resistive switching characteristics with Roff/Ron ratios up to 102; indeed, GOMRs with higher Roff/Ron ratios and more functionalities are more expected. In this study, ferromagnetic amorphous gallium oxide (a‐GMO) films with a tunable two‐level system of Mn dopants, i.e., Mn2+ and Mn3+ ions, are prepared by scalable polymer assisted deposition. The Pt/a‐GMO/Pt memristors show a high Roff/Ron ratio of 103, at least one order of magnitude higher than those of previously reported purely GOMRs, thanks to the abundant oxygen vacancies (VOs)‐induced low resistance state and Mn2+‐enhanced high resistance state. Meanwhile, magnetic modulation (MM) is realized electrically in the a‐GOMRs during the RS, through the tuning of bound magnetopolarons (BMPs) by bias voltage‐induced VOs variations, which may be useful for quaternary information coding. Notably, the transition between Mn3+ and Mn2+ions is observed in the GOMRs, which is closely related to the variations of VO concentration and BMP amount, providing an in situ tool to probe the VO‐induced RS and BMP‐dependent MM. The results give insights to Mn‐doped GOMRs and may be useful for design, fabrication, and testing of multifunctional high‐performance RRAMs.


5‐Aminosalicylates (5‐ASA) are first‐line treatment for mild–moderately active ulcerative colitis (UC). When 5‐ASAs fail, systemic corticosteroids have been the standard next step. Due to the significant side effect profile of systemic corticosteroids, alternative options in the treatment algorithm after 5‐ASA failures are needed. Budesonide‐Multi‐Matrix System (MMX) is a novel oral formulation of budesonide that uses colonic release MMX technology to extend release of the drug to the colon. Now that budesonide‐MMX has been approved for use in some countries, and pending in others we need to understand its position in the treatment algorithm for UC.


The primary objective of financial reporting in a modern market economy, which is based on the capital market, is to inform the investor about the financial position of a business entity. The unavoidable theme in modern accounting research is the valuation of balance sheet positions, regardless of the type and size of the business entity whose reports are the subject of this paper. The purpose of the research is to investigate whether there is a connection between the frequency of applying the accounting concept of fair value in valuing property positions and the quality of financial statements for businesses in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The target population comprises 34,515 small, medium and large enterprises registered as joint stock companies and limited liability companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the questionnaire will be used as the empirical research instrument. The questionnaire is structured in parts to obtain knowledge about which technique or approach business entities use when using the fair value for the valuation of balance sheet items, and consequently how it affects the relevance, comprehensibility, comparability and credibility of the information presented in the financial statements.


Trefoil factor family (TFF) peptides are mucin‐associated secretory products that are produced in the airways and gastrointestinal tract. These peptides appear to play an important role in mucosal healing and epithelial protection and are overexpressed in chronically inflamed gastrointestinal tissues. We hypothesize that TFF peptides may also be differentially expressed in the sinonasal tissue of patients with and without chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).


This mobile phone (12) comprises a first buffer memory (32) storing a data file, the data file being in a first format and having a plurality of data packets, means (34) file processing stored in the first buffer, from the first format into a second format, the conversion means (34) being connected to the output of the first buffer memory (32), a second buffer memory (36) connected to the output of the transformation means ( 34) and adapted to store the converted file in the second format, and a server (18) data stream broadcast to a remote client equipment (14) according to a predetermined network protocol, the streaming server streams ( 18) being adapted to be connected to the remote client equipment (14) via a data link (16) and receiving, from the remote client equipment (14), a data broadcasting application. The broadcast server in stream (18) comprises means (44) for controlling the transformation means (34), the control means (44) being adapted to send to the means for processing (34) a control signal from the processing a respective package file.