ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am taking this opportunity to thank the people who have offered continuous support towards completion of this thesis: my advisor and mentor, Dr. Raymond D. Harbison, for his endless guidance; my committee member and research advisor, Dr. Giffe T. Johnson, for relentless encouragement, brainstorm sessions, and input; and my committee member, Dr. Marie Bourgeois, for meticulous note keeping and encouragement. Throughout the laboratory process, Ph.D. candidate Jayme P. Coyle offered continuous dedication through his commitment to the Environmental and Occupational Health Cell Culture Laboratory. For all of their support, humor, constructive criticism, and encouragement throughout this process and all previous research endeavors, my parents Dr. W. Brinkerhoff, deserve acknowledgments as well. I am grateful to have the help and guidance of such inspirational professors, colleagues, and family members. Lastly, I would like to thank the University of South Florida and the College of Public Health for their financial, logistical, and technological support. All of these entities have placed a considerable amount of confidence and faith in me; thank-you. ABSTRACT Drug-induced cardiotoxicity has resulted in a thorough evaluation of patient doses, treatments, and rehabilitation. One of the most commonly prescribed chemotherapeutic agents is cyclophosphamide. The active metabolite, acrolein, is one of the most potent inducers of cardiomyopathy. In this study, research was conducted on the H9c2 (2-1) cardiomyocyte cell line derived from the embryonic myocardium of rattus norvegicus to assess its competency for evaluation of the change in poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activity. The application of this model to study the effects of acrolein on PARP activation was chosen as an ideal determinant of cell damage produced by nitrogen mustards. To verify the legitimacy of this model, cardiomyocytes were exposed to acrolein in varying concentrations and time durations with a subsequent protein concentration measurement determined through the BCA Protein Assay. After the normalization of samples through volume adjustments and verification of sufficient protein, other aliquots were subjected to a PARP Assay in order to measure PARP activity. PARP was activated at exposure concentrations of 75 μM in all trials, with an average detection of 0.00569 ± 0.001 mU/200ng protein. Other concentrations showed varying degrees of PARP activation, verifying the model's competency. PARP activation implies the potential use of this model for further research into targeted molecular therapy of PARP inhibition. Therefore, this model has the ability to be used as an assessment tool for the combined use of PARP …


Amino acid sequences of protease inhibitors (Streptomyces subtilisin inhibitor-like proteins) widely distributed in Streptomyces were compared to clarify the taxonomic status of three strains of Streptomyces spp., S. coelicolor A3(2), S. lividans 66 and S. coelicolor Müller, which are closely related by conventional taxonomical procedures. The sequence comparison indicated that S. coelicolor A3(2) is distinct from the type strain S. coelicolor Müller, but belongs to the same taxon as S. lividans 66.


This article describes the findings of a detailed failure investigation on a UNS S32750 super duplex stainless steel vinyl chloride stripper vessel that experienced cracking at nearly half of the welds. The cracking was identified as Type A "active-passive stress corrosion cracking, which initiated on the inside of the vessel at both the circumferential and longitudinal welds.


Lucre proceeds, after drawing tlie stomach out at the wound, to encircle a portion, about 3 cms. in diameter, by means of a purse-string suture through the peritoneal and muscular coats; a rubber tube is then inserted through a small opening in the centre of this area, and secured with a catgut suture; the portion of stomach wall included in the pursestring suture is pushed inwards while the suture is tightened and knotted. A second purse-string suture is applied ? cm. from the first one, including the parietal peritoneum as well as the peritoneal and muscular coats of the stomach; when it is tightened up, the fistulous opening into the stomach is further depressed, and is made to project in a valvular manner into the interior of the viscus. The wound is closed around the rubber tube in the usual way.? W'ien. hlin. Tl chnschr., 1900, Ko. 4.


This article argues that Michael Moorcock, one of great re-writers and pasticheurs of post-war British writing, uses the form of the Wellsian scientific romance to explore the discourses of colonialism, exposing the ideological premises of imperial adventure fiction from within.


The effect of children's books on the development of imagination is a prominent feature. For this reason, the creative person visualizing the children's books is expected to first catch the world of interest of child and then design new worlds by using his own unique language of expression. Thus, he or she will make a significant contribution to the expansion of the child's horizon. Unlike adults, the child is not yet trapped in the limits of various perception. This clean point of view gives rise to an unlimited and free creation space for illustrator. In the field of art and design, it is very common for the creative person who uses this freedom to show a unique personality beyond ordinary. However, bringing a new or different perspective will be created by the experimental attitude of the illustrator. In order to create a new world from a text, firstly designing characters can be considered a practical way. The visual identity that emerged with elements such as form, color, movement and gesture of a character will then continue with the adaptation of the environment of that character. In other words, an environmental construct designed in harmony with the character will be the original visual identity of the book. This is the case study of Marmara University Fine Arts Faculty Graphic Department Children's Books Illustrations course on this creating an original identity in the field of children's book illustrations, to be experimental and to design characters as a starting point. The applied project includes two basic stages: The first stage is the creation of a three-dimensional model for an animal. The second stage is to do illustration based on the creation of a three-dimensional animal model and designing an original children's book.


Background: The Sport Education curriculum model with its goals to develop competent, literate and enthusiastic sportspersons has been gaining popularity across the globe. To date, studies have yet to investigate the objective motivational climate of Sport Education. Aims: The purpose of this study was to measure and describe the objective motivational climate of a Sport Education season conducted in a Russian school. Method: The participants in this study were 21 ninth-grade Russian students (12 boys and 9 girls) who did not have any previous experience with Sport Education. The teacher in the study was a Russian native who had 4 years of experience teaching and researching Sport Education in schools and colleges across the USA and Russia. The study took place in a public coeducational school located in a city (population 300,000) in the central part of Russia. Classes met three times a week for the entire academic quarter (6 weeks) for a total of 18 lessons, and each lesson was scheduled for 40 minutes. The TARGET (task, authority, recognition and evaluation, grouping and timing) motivational climate variables were collected by analyzing the video of every lesson. The data collection protocol included identifying and coding 'mastery', 'neither', and 'performance' variables of each TARGET structure. The computerized software, BEST, used in data collection allowed recordings of multiple and overlapping frequency behaviors as well duration behaviors. Following the protocol of Morgan and colleagues, the mean percentage of 'mastery', 'performance' and 'neither' teaching behaviors were calculated for each of the TARGET categories individually in each phase of the Sport Education season (skill practice, practice competition, formal competition) as well as the total for the entire season. The mean percentages of frequency of coded behaviors for task, recognition/evaluation, and timing were calculated, whereas mean percentages of duration of coded behaviors were calculated for the authority, grouping and time structures of TARGET. Results: The results of video analysis demonstrated that this Sport Education season had more mastery-oriented and less performance-oriented teacher behaviors. The objective motivational climate of skill practice and practice competition phase had more of a mastery-oriented climate, while performance TARGET behaviors in the competition phase were more prevalent. Conclusion: The overall objective motivational climate of this Sport Education season was neither mastery-oriented nor performance-oriented, but rather an intermingling of the two approaches. Consequently, teachers must be cognizant of the motivational climate and understand which elements in Sport Education contribute to the mastery climate and which to performance climate. Since a mastery climate is positively related to a range of positive student outcomes, it is crucial to stay true to the model when teaching, recognize the elements that contribute to performance orientation, and when possible, emphasize mastery structures. One of the ways of promoting mastery structures in Sport Education seems to be in increasing the mastery-oriented teacher behaviors in evaluation and recognition structures.


In this paper, we present an alternative for physics laboratory activity related to Fraunhofer diffraction in distance learning. The activity utilizes a demonstration video from MIT Open CourseWare, Tracker software, and spreadsheet. An online demonstration video is used because it is the most accessible resource during undesirable conditions such as COVID 19 pandemic. In the activity, students can explore diffractions phenomena with multiple slits. The effect of slit spacing and slit numbers to the intensity of light is investigated trough spectral analysis with Tracker. The investigation is followed by a discussion through the mathematical approach and visualization with spreadsheets. It will enrich students with a theoretical explanation of the observation. This distance learning activity allows students to develop their science process skills, mathematical and computational thinking skills, and conceptual understanding of Fraunhofer diffraction.


I am indebted to Professor Alan Knight and Professor George Philip for their helpful suggestions and to the anonymous reviewers and editors for insightful comments that substantially improved this article. All quotations from the original Spanish have been translated by the author. A more detailed account of this issue will appear in "Dictatorship & Politics: Intrigue, Betrayal and Survival in Venezuela, 1908–1935," forthcoming, University of Notre Dame Press, 2007.


Presentation of the important collection of stone images from Eastern India preserved in the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco


Summary Eighty thousand hypothalamus fragments of sheep brains (wet weight 55 kg) were extracted with 2 N acetic acid. The extract was filtered on Sephadex G25 in pyridine acetate 0.1 M, pH 5.6. The TRF-active zone was located by bioassay and further purified by CCD (250 transfers followed by 1,000 transfers) using the system n-butanol-pyridine-acetic acid (5:3:11), ion exchange on IRC-50 equilibrated with ammonium acetate 0.02 M, pH 5.0, and finally thin-layer chromatography on cellulose (butanol-acetic acid-water, 4:1:5). The material obtained (ca 400 μg) at the last stage of purification was active in vivo to stimulate release of TSH at ≤ 0.1 μg dry weight. Highly purified TRF has no LH- or ACTH-releasing activity, Amino acids present in this preparation are reported.


Recent papers consider the relationship between population growth and capital accumulation. In general the relationship is not monotonic; there is a tension between two opposing effects - a higher growth rate diluting capital that has already been accumulated, and the ability of a growing population to generate its own wealth. The strengths of these effects depends on the population structure and the time horizon for each generation to accumulate wealth.This type of analysis has been conducted within an Overlapping Generations framework. However an explicit assumption is needed to allow a comparative static analysis of levels of population growth and capital accumulation. That assumption is effectively the requirement for each generation to be self supporting in terms of its consumption and contribution to production.We show that this assumption can be justified in theory by a form of economic efficiency with respect to population changes, referred to as demographic efficiency. This analysis is also conducted within the Overlapping Generations model. Thus we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for such efficiency in terms of each generation's lifetime consumption and contribution to production.The main result of this paper is that there must be an intimate relationship, under general conditions, between long term real interest rates and long term demographic trends.


On October 17, 2003, in the Cook County Administration Building, 69 West Washington, Chicago, Illinois, a fire resulted in six fatalities and several injuries. In response to a request from the Governor of Illinois, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) agreed to provide technical assistance to the Governor's review team headed by James Lee Witt. NIST's focus was the simulation of the fire using the Fire Dynamic Simulator (FDS) and visualizations using Smokeview to provide insight into the fire growth and smoke movement. A team from NIST visited the fire scene to collect data for the model including; building dimensions, floor plan, door and window locations, materials of construction and furnishing, and fuels. In addition, information collected by the Governor's team on fire service operations and building systems was used to develop the fire timeline. The NIST team also documented the fire damage in order to compare fire model predictions with the observed physical damage. Exemplar interior finish materials and furnishings from the fire floor, but undamaged by flames, were obtained for use in laboratory scale heat release rate experiments. Laboratory scale data for rate of heat release was necessary for the fire model input and comparison to fire model results. This report documents the furnishings, the experiments conducted, and the results of those experiments. This report also explains the development of a computational simulation and the result of those simulations. The NIST simulation started with a small, flaming fire in the storage room and ended with the start of fire suppression activities by the fire department, 16 min 30 s later. The FDS simulations provide insight into the fire development in Suite 1240. The simulations examine the impact of the spread of smoke into the southeast stairway with and without a functioning smoke exhaust shaft. Another simulation examined the impact of automatic fire suppression sprinklers. The FDS simulation suggested that had automatic sprinklers been present in the storage room where the fire is believed to have originated, they would have controlled the fire and limited the fire spread to the room of fire origin.


Objective: A model has been proposed in which atherosclerosis contributes to depression in later life by the effects of cytokines on central monoamine systems. We collected pilot data to test the hypothesis that interleukin-1 (IL-1) is associated with depression in a cardiac patient group. Method: Thirty-seven subjects completed research evaluations that included depression diagnosis (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R), depressive symptom severity (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression), medical illness burden (Cumulative Illness Rating Scale), and serum IL-1 level measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Serum IL-1 level was not significantly associated with depressive symptom severity or depression diagnosis, whether or not controlled for medical illness burden, age, and gender. IL-1 level was significantly correlated with medical illness burden. Conclusions: We did not confirm our study hypothesis. The correlation of IL-1 level with medical illness burden likely reflects its release as part of the "sickness response" in a wide variety of disease states. Further research using a larger sample size and a non-cardiac comparison group is warranted.


The United States Social Forum (USSF) process - which is ongoing - expresses an intentionality of grounding and organizing our movement in this sector, from the bottom-up, and putting the voices and leadership of those most adversely affected at the center. The decision by the National Planning Committee to bring the first ever USSF to Atlanta reflected our understanding of the strategic nature of the South in US history, especially in the struggles and movements for equality, justice and systemic social change. The intentional government and elite destruction of infrastructure, public services, and community in New Orleans and the Gulf Coast before and in the aftermath of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita is one of the most visible expressions of today's realities and struggles. Activists and organizers formed the New Orleans Organizing Committee in early 2007; and mobilized several busses and hundreds of participants from the region to the USSF. Keywords: Atlanta; Hurricanes Katrina; United States Social Forum (USSF)


This paper reviews a cross-sectional baseline survey conducted during 1998-1999 in the Southern Region of Ethiopia in the context of the Southern Region Co-operatives Development and Credit Project. The survey was undertaken prior to the water supply, health and basic sanitation component of the IFAD/BSF joint programme. Baseline surveys are an effective way of determining benchmark indicators for monitoring and evaluating projects. In order to visualise and measure changes in the nutritional status of the target population, common anthropometric indices such as weight-for-age, height-for-age, and weight-for-height of 1548 children less than five years were collected. A set of key indicators, as determinants of the nutritional status was obtained through 1408 household interviews. The survey was characterised by its holistic design and assessed need and supply, as well as demand at different levels. It was carried out using local structures and mobilising project implementation staff. Commonly encountered constraints are identified and options for improvement are documented. The experience in Ethiopia suggests that baseline surveys can achieve more than data collection alone and lead to capacity building and participation of stakeholders, thereby increasing overall project effectiveness.


One of the main features of tumor microenvironment is inflammation accompanied with the activation of immune cells and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. IL-1b, one of the critical cytokines released by immune cells to promote tumor growth and metastasis by acting on its receptor, IL-1R, and to culminate in the secondary activation of immune cells and the expression of immune cytokines. Inflammasome plays a critical role in production of mature IL-1b through activation of capspase-1. Therefore, we investigated whether regulation of NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages affected the metastatic potential of tumor cells. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome was induced by ATP in bone marrow-derived primary mouse macrophages. The metastatic potential of tumor cells was determined by transwell migration and invasion assays. Wild-type macrophages stimulated with ATP increased the migration and invasion of melanoma cells (B16F10). However, NLRP3- or caspase-1-knockout macrophages showed greatly decreased ability to promote the migration and invasion of melanoma cells. Treatment with celastrol, an inhibitor of NLRP3 inflammasome, blocked the ability of macrophages to stimulate migration and invasion of melanoma cells. The results show that inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome in macrophages by genetic deficiency or a pharmacological inhibitor leads to decrease of the metastatic potential of tumor cells. The results would provide a novel anti-cancer immuntherapy to regulate the activity of NLRP3 inflammasome in tumor microenvironment. [Supported by grants from BK21 PLUS program, NRF-2019R1A2C2085739, and NRF-2017R1A4A1015036].


AIM
The aim of this clinical study was to investigate the reliability of the clinical assessment (visual and goniometric) of the range of motion of the knee joint.

METHOD
30 patients were assessed concerning the range of motion of their knee joints by visual and goniometric measurements. Assessment was performed by three investigators. The obtained data were used to analyse the intra- and interobserver reliability. Statistical analysis was performed using the Spearman coefficient of correlation [r (s)].

RESULTS
Intraobserver agreement was consistent across observers regarding the visual and goniometric assessment of flexion (r (s) > 0.6), whereas reliability was uniformly low for both measurements regarding the assessment of extension (r (s) < 0.6). Interobserver agreement was consistent across all three goniometric and two out of three visual assessments regarding the measurement of flexion (r (s) > 0.6); the interobserver reproducibility of extension, however, was uniformly low both for the visual and goniometric measurements (r (s) < 0.6).

CONCLUSION
Reliability of clinical assessment of range of motion should be taken critically into consideration whilst performing classical function-related scoring systems when measuring outcome after total joint arthroplasty, since these scoring systems are strongly based on a valid and reliable assessment of range of motion.


Streptococci have been found in foods implicated in food poisoning outbreaks, 1 , 2 but the evidence that these organisms were the etiologic agent rests only upon animal feeding experiments. 1 In the outbreak here reported green hemolytic streptococci were isolated from the sausage epidemiologically implicated. Green hemolytic streptococci were also isolated from an unopened can of sausage from the same lot as that involved in the outbreak, and this sausage, when eaten by a human volunteer, produced symptoms of food poisoning. The outbreak involved 75 out of 182 boys who had eaten a Sunday night meal at which Vienna sausage had been served. The other foods eaten by the boys could be ruled out on epidemiological grounds, and the water supply, from deep artesian wells, was not implicated. The sausages, taken from 6 large (No. 10) cans, were mixed in a container and served without heating. No abnormal appearance, odor or taste was noted. It seems probable, from the fact that less than half of the boys became ill, that the contents of only one or two of the cans were contaminated. Nausea, vomiting, colicky pains and diarrhea developed in most cases in 4 or 5 hours, but several of the boys were not ill until 12 hours after the supper. All recovered within 24 hours of onset of symptoms. Three sausages left over from the supper were examined in our laboratory. Two of these contained large numbers of slowly growing, green, pleomorphic streptococci. The organisms were killed by heating to 60°C. for one hour and to 85° for 15 minutes. No organisms of the Salmonella group were found when Endo and eosin methylene blue plates were streaked with the sausage. Four unopened cans of sausage with the same code marking were later examined.


Recent technological developments allow any instructor to create audio and video lectures for the use in online classes. However, it is questionable if it is worth the time and effort that faculty put into preparing those lectures. This paper presents thirteen factors that should be considered before preparing and using audio and video lectures in online classes. In addition, recommendations for when and how to use lectures in online classes are presented.


Traditionally, hyperrealistic mannequins have embodied the dream
 (or rather the nightmare) of animating the inanimate: by imitating the
 living model to such an extent that any distinction becomes (almost)
 impossible, they blur the threshold between life and inert matter. It thus
 comes as no surprise that wax figures have often been taken as a symbol
 of cinematic creation and its attempt to recreate motion (a quality immediately
 associated with life) by means of a sequence of static frames.
 By focusing on three classic movies—Robert Wiene's The Cabinet of Dr.
 Caligari (1920), Paul Leni's Waxworks (1923) and Michael Curtiz's Mystery
 of the Wax Museum (1933)—the essay explores the tension between reality
 and unreality as the crux of cinema tout court.


In public health surveillance, the identification of Personal Health Mentions (PHM) is an essential initial step. It involves examining a social media post that mentions an illness and determining whether the context of the post is about an actual person facing the illness or not. When attempting to determine how far a disease has spread, the monitoring of such public posts linked to healthcare is crucial, and numerous datasets have been produced to aid researchers in developing techniques to handle this. Unfortunately, social media posts tend to contain links, emojis, informal phrasing, sarcasm, etc., making them challenging to work with. To handle such issues and detect PHMs directly from social media posts, we propose a few transformer-based models and compare their performances. These models have not undergone a thorough evaluation in this domain, but are known to perform well on other language-related tasks. We trained the models on an imbalanced dataset produced by collecting a large number of public posts from Twitter. The empirical results show that we have achieved state-of-the-art performance on the dataset, with an average F1 score of 94.5% with the RoBERTa-based classifier. The code used in our experiments is publicly available1.


The paper concerns the issue of climate migrants, the causes of this phenomenon, and postulates in this respect. It should be indicated that currently there are no binding legislative acts that would regulate the legal status of a climate migrant. The definition of the term 'refugee' in the Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees of 28 July 1951 covers only those who are forced to change their place of residence for fear of persecution. However, the term 'environmental refugee', or 'climate refugee', has been used in the literature and in international legal documents, e.g. in the report for the United Nations Development Programme of 1985. Due to climate change and other environmental factors, the problem of environmental migrants has become a reality. Small island states, such as Tuvalu, the Maldives, and Kiribati, are among the most vulnerable to climate change, including rising sea levels and risk of flooding. Therefore, appropriate legal measures should be taken to fill the legislative gap and to provide appropriate legal protection to persons who seek asylum in other states due to climate threats.


A solar cell, according to one embodiment, comprises: a support substrate; a rear electrode layer arranged on the support substrate; an optical absorption layer arranged on the rear electrode layer; a buffer layer arranged on the optical absorption layer; and a front electrode layer arranged on the buffer layer, wherein a first through-groove penetrating through the rear electrode layer and the optical absorption layer is formed on the rear electrode layer and the optical absorption layer, and the optical absorption layer comprises: a first optical absorption layer arranged on the rear electrode layer; and a second optical absorption layer arranged to make contact with an inner side surface of the rear electrode layer exposed by the first through-groove.


This paper examines the design activity of the regionalism in postwar Okinawa. Okinawa where has characteristic tropical traditional culture and advanced reinforced concrete construction technology and industry, has been reversed from U.S.A. to Japan in 1972. Around the time, it has been one of main interests among local architects to aim for the design based on regionalism that expresses their cultural identity with modern methods. The paper has a focus on the design activity of the regionalism in postwar Okinawa, especially on the concepts and design methods of "the Naha civic hall" that has revealed a characteristic approach for the local architecture.


This paper presents a new robust adaptive inverse control approach for a force-reflecting teleoperation system with varying time delay. In this approach, using the Smith predictor idea, an impedance controller and an adaptive inverse controller are designed, respectively, for the master and slave robots such that the stability and performance of the closed-loop system are achieved in the presence of communication channels time delay. Also, based on robust control theory, two sufficient conditions for the stability of overall system are derived. The time domain desired specifications are contained in the design problem using the standard characteristic polynomials. The simulation results show the proposed approach successfully compensates the position drift although time delay is randomly varying.


Two leading Yugoslav historians from Belgrade, Vasilije Krestic and Nikola Petrovic, discovered this protocol by chance in the Military Historical Institute in Budapest, Hungary. This precious document, which describes in detail the activities of Prince Milos Obrenovic of Serbia, had lain neglected there for many years among unclassified documents designated merely as "Materials written in Serbian." Since the other documents in that collection bore the stamp of the Royal Serbian State Archives, the protocol probably originally belonged to that depository. Its reappearance marks a highly significant discovery, because it is the only extant protocol from Prince Milos's office. Protocols for the period 1819 through July 1824 had been utilized by Gavrilovic in his exhaustive study of the reign of Milos {Milos Obrenovic, 3 vols. [Belgrade 1908-12]), but they then disappeared, probably having been removed by the Austrians during their occupation of Serbia in 1915-18. The 460-page protocol, spanning the period from August 1, 1824, through September 1825, summarizes 979 documents from 1824 and 1,607 documents from 1825. It represents the continuation of the protocols utilized by Gavrilovic (the final document was dated July 31, 1824). Of the four hundred nine days covered, entries are lacking for only fifteen days, showing that the princely chancellery worked year round, including Sundays and holidays. Not a journal in the strict sense, the Protokol is7*as the first page of the original states, "copies of letters and decrees of the ruler." The materials of the Protokol are highly diverse. For scholars, the most significant are those relating to the January 1825 revolt of Miloje Popovic, commonly known as the Djak Revolt. Included are over one hundred of Milos's letters and orders during the revolt, which was the most serious popular protest of the 1820s against Prince Milos's despotic rule. This is all the more significant because all archival materials about the Djak Revolt, located in the Serbian State Archives prior to World War I, have since disappeared. Gavrilovic utilized those materials for his biography of Prince Milos, but he did not have access to any of Milos's letters. For his monograph on the Djak Revolt (Djakova buna: politicko-istorijska studija [Belgrade, 1953]), Djordjevic discovered only six of Milos's letters concerning the uprising. Since Milos was the central figure and himself directed the suppression of the revolt, the virtual absence of his letters left a large gap in previous studies. Milos's numerous letters in the protocol represent a first-rate source on his relationship to the revolt and reflect the arrogant and brutal nature of his personal rule. On the other hand, they reveal his coolness in a crisis, his organizational and diplomatic skills, and his determination to retain power by any means.


We report the detection of long, thin H I tails emanating from molecular clouds in the Perseus Arm of the Galaxy. The hypothesis that they are driven by stellar winds from one or both of the massive stars HD 17603 and WR 5 places strong constraints on the stellar wind environment: we find that a heavily mass-loaded wind bubble is required.


The report is intended to focus the attention of decision makers in bilateral and multilateral development agencies on the need for major investments and technical assistance efforts to support renewable energy development in China, and on priority areas for such assistance. Chapter 1 outlines the urgency of China's renewable energy development and explains how this report evolved from efforts to develop World Bank and UDNP renewable energy programs. Chapter 2 provides an overview of China's efforts to adopt and implement a more market-oriented renewable energy development strategy. Chapter 3 outlines general areas where international assistance can help strengthen policy development and institutional capacity building. Chapter 4 outlines China's development programs and priority areas for international assistance for eight promising renewable energy technologies: grid-connected wind farms; solar photovoltaics; solar hot water heating; bagasse cogeneration; biomass gasification for heat; biogas for power/effluent treatment; geothermal energy for heat; and geothermal energy for power.


This report is one of a series issued in cooperation with the ANC-17 panel on plastics for flight vehicles of the departments of the Air Force, Navy, and Commerce. Information reviewed and reaffirmed 1960. Original report issued September 1955.


Introduction With its large field of view, Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) allows the detection of extra-cardiac pathologies (ECP). Both cardiologists and radiologists should be able to recognise ECP and identify those requiring further investigation. The aim of our study is to assess the difference in prevalence of ECP in patients with suspected inherited cardiac conditions vs acquired heart disease. Materials and methods We reviewed 1.817 consecutive clinical CMR studies performed in the biggest CMR department in Southwest England to look for ECP. Demographic characteristics and scans indications were also recorded. For each scan the presence of ECP and its relevance (need for further investigation, i.e. suspected lung malignancy) was assessed. The internal record system (Picture Achievement and Communication System, PACS) was used to check whether the ECP were previously known, or whether it represents a new finding. Abstract 1 Figure 1 (A) Axial Haste showed a nodule (arrow) in the superior lobe of the right lung. (B) On the High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT), performed to further assess the ECP, the presence of the nodule in the superior lobe of the right lung was confirmed (head-arrow) Results We analysed 1,817 scans, referred for the assessment of inherited cardiac condition (Group A, n = 906) and acquired heart disease (Group B, n = 911). There was no significant difference in prevalence of ECP between the two groups (p = 0.63). ECP were found in 26% of patient in Group A, 4% of which requiring further assessment; 69% previously unknown (Figure 1). ECP were reported in 27% of patients in Group B, 5% requiring further assessment; 68% were previously unknown. Conclusion One in four patient has an extra-cardiac finding and the prevalence of ECP did not differ in patients presenting with inherited conditions vs acquired heart disease.


are symbols. They may not even know left-right direction. Or they may lack the vocabulary and the experience for understanding the stories in the preprimer. To cite an extreme example, I have known first-graders who did not recognize the picture of a bathtub and who mistook the picture of an elephant for a picture of a pig. Reading readiness, research has shown, is influenced by intelligence. Gates found a wide variation in the


Objective:To investigate the effects of Danefukang jiangao on the expression of TGF-β of endometriotic rats.Methods:Rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:control group,model group and Danefukang jiangao treatment group.The expression of TGF-β was detected by ELISA and RT-PCR.Results:Compared with the model group,the expression of TGF-β was decreased significantly in Danefukang jiangao treatment group.Conclusion:The Danefukang jiangao can treat the endometriosis in rats,and its action may be associated with decreasing the expressions of TGF-β in ectopic endometrium.


Abstract Mutiara field is one of several oil and gas fields in the Kutei Basin where a combination of structure and stratigraphy is the dominant trapping mechanism. Middle-Upper Miocene delta sandstones are draped over an elongate, NE-SW trending anticline between Pamaguan and Samboja oil fields. The main hydrocarbon bearing section in Mutiara field is generally younger than the one in Samboja and Pamaguan fields. Thirty three wells have been drilled to date for a 94% development success ratio. The thickest net hydrocarbon bearing section within Mutiara field lies in the lowest part of the structure. Of several concepts which could explain this phenomenon, detailed reservoir studies suggest that geometry and orientation of the sand bodies with respect to the structural trend are the most critical factor for effective trapping of hydrocarbons in the field. Mutiara field is located onshore in the Kutei Basin, in Huffco Indonesia's Sanga-Sanga block, East Kalimantan ( and ). The field was discovered in 1982 by the Dondang - 1 (M-1) exploratory well which encountered 31 feet of oil and 91 feet of gas. An additional 32 wells have been drilled including 2 dry holes. Six of the wells are shallow, with total depth around 1000 feet, and the total depth of the remaining 27 wells ranges from 7000 feet to 10000 feet.


The paper expounds the opportunity and challenge with which the tourism in Guilin will be faced when China becomes a member in WTO. And the relevant counter-measures are also proposed.


This chapter traces the history of select endeavors that focused on place-based changes as a mechanism to improve the health, safety, and well-being of urban residents. Unfortunately, these endeavors evolved in silos, with urban planners and public-health and criminal-justice practitioners working largely in isolation from one another. The successes and limited uptake of these isolated endeavors are brought to light as the chapter looks at how they were overshadowed by individually focused therapies and interventions. Many people probably think that good science is already inherently involved when a place gets altered or a development gets built; this is perhaps the case with respect to the physical science of certain placemaking endeavors. However, the health and biological impacts of buildings and larger developments are very often left out, or only modestly considered as part of environmental or health-impact assessments. As such, there is a need to invigorate a new movement that connects social scientists, planners, and policy makers. Indeed, the best placemaking occurs when it is supported by empirical evaluation of its impacts on humans with the active involvement of scientists.


The essay focuses - within a semiotic methodological setting - on the role of music within the TV series in recent years, starting with a comparing with Seventies. That television sound universe - including commercials - constituted a sort of world apart with respect to the music heard on the radio in that same period. An historical disjunction between music and television which seems to change coinciding with the mid-eighties. In this regard the innovative example of the Miami Vice series is here mentioned, and a crucial role seems having been played also by the advent of music videos and the MTV network. An influence felt both in television and in cinema, with a new relevance acquired by compilation scores, that is, only composed of pop songs (think of the Q. Tarantino case), or in any case of non-original compositions. A significantly different role of music in the TV series appeared with the "The OC" case: a series where music was not meant to have only an underscore function but it should have being an essential element of the storytelling process. The choice of Alexandra Patsavas as musical supervisor marked a change in the relevance of this productive role. Usually music supervisor has the task of finding the suitable songs to compose the soundtrack of an audiovisual. A role involving taste and legal skills, but which in recent years is also crucial in the creation of television storytelling. For this purpose, a case analysis of some sequences of the "Better Call Saul" series is proposed here. In addition, some examples of contemporary use of music in the TV series are treated, relating for instance to the use of diegetic music (music belonging to the fictional world of characters) and to the use of compilation scores coming from past soundtracks, as is the case of the "Homecoming" series.


With outstanding advantages in constructing distributed system, the research and the application on the mobile agents become more and more attractive. However, at the same time, security problem always is a key obstacle for further extending the application of mobile agent, especially the security problem on mobile agent self-protecting. This paper tries to make an exploration in this field with the focus on the malicious behaviors in the mobile agent interaction. Because of the malice of interact counterpart and the limitation of detection mechanism, the normal or legal agent will have the loss in the interaction. Based on the activities in the physical society, normal agent being malicious will make the interaction become fair. Therefore, this paper presents our Malice-Antagonized Interaction Mechanism(MAIM)that allows agents to become. In order to analyze the viability of MAIM in the computable space, we apply game theory and by that we make a series of analysis on that mechanism in several typical types of game, i.e. pure strategy game with perfect information, mixed strategy game with perfect information, sequential strategy game with non-perfect information, and simultaneous strategy game. And after that, we get the conclusions that in the pure strategy game, it is impossible to get the fair interaction under our MAIM model, however in other MAIM models, it is viable.


This paper deals with the various problems of raw material resources, grade and ferro manganese production in the country. Methods such as exploration of new resources, blending and beneficiation of low-grade ores and reduction in consumption of Fe-Mn for steel production have been suggested for proper utilisation and conservation of mang-anese ore reserves.


Development of common bean cultivars with partial white mould resistance through breeding techniques has been a challenge in Brazil. As yet, lines/cultivars from breeding programmes have not been investigated for resistance; therefore, this study screened 107 lines/cultivars for their reactions to white mould in 14 preliminary trials conducted under irrigation. Thirteen resistant lines/cultivars (three of Andean origin) and six Mesoamerican cultivars (three intermediately resistant and three susceptible) were selected for further investigation. These lines/cultivars and the resistant control A195 were evaluated in six advanced trials and two straw tests to assess the effectiveness of the screening procedure. In 11 preliminary trials, screenings were performed under moderate/high or higher disease pressure. These pressures occurred in two advanced trials in which, when yields were averaged across moderate/high and high pressures, 10 Mesoamerican lines/cultivars selected for resistance yielded 14%, 23%, and 38% more than intermediately resistant cultivars, A195, and susceptible cultivars, with median disease ratings (1–9 scale) of 4.5, 5.7, 5.7, and 6.7, respectively. In the straw test, three Andean lines/cultivars (A195 included) and two susceptible cultivars in the field were among those with the highest levels of physiological resistance. Thus, field rating under high disease pressure and greenhouse rating did not correlate significantly, suggesting that field trials are critical to evaluating resistance and to identifying high‐yielding beans. Therefore, lines/cultivars from breeding programmes assessed in field trials may provide a low cost and fast way to identify high‐yielding bean cultivars with partial resistance to white mould in the subtropical southern hemisphere.


The purpose of this article seeks to put into dialogue a series of reflections around three figures registered in the occurrence of child sexual abuse: the victims, the abuser, and the witness. These reflections reached arise from the findings resulting from the qualitative research on this sexual crime, which were achieved from the realization of three discussion groups in the municipalities of Aquitania and Chitaraque of the department of Boyacá, Colombia with the participation of different institutional and community actors belonging to this region of the country. The results obtained are analyzed in the light of the integrated feminist ecological model, seeking to identify the relationships and interactions that are built between each of these actors, taking into account the personal dimensions of the microsystem, exosystem, and macrosystem that the model proposes. Faced with the findings, the mediation carried out by the blaming of the victims and the invisibility of abusers and witnesses stand out, as factors that contribute to the maintenance of child sexual abuse suffered by girls in the rural environments of these municipalities targeted by the investigation, and that can be extended to other settings in the department. Finally, the reflections reached are aimed at considering the mechanisms by which the patriarchal and adultcentric legacy are instituted as stimulators of sociocultural practices and imagery that legitimize and naturalize child sexual abuse as part of the continuum of violence suffered by girls. Key-words: child sexual abuse; victim; abuser; witness; ecological model of violence


This study evaluates the impact of a Greek intervention tool called Dyslexia Box, which is aimed at helping students with dyslexia acquire necessary language skills. It mainly focuses on the development of phonological awareness, reading, and writing. The sample comprises 13 students with dyslexia and other difficulties. The intervention program consists of 32 activities, which were applied twice to each student over 10 weeks (students who achieved excellent performance on the first implementation of an activity did not repeat the corresponding activity, as it was considered that the cognitive goal had already been achieved). In order to record student performance, an observation key was created for each activity. The results indicate that the specific tool is easy-to-use and achieves the proposed learning objectives. Specifically, it helps students with and without dyslexia overcome their learning difficulties concerning phonological awareness and/or manage their processing of the oral and written language, since they all achieved better performance at the second implementation of the tool.


In order to evaluate the control effect of the double poisonous ropes,being made of Beauveryia bassiana strain F08 and Fendona SC5,the control effect and infection rate of Musca domestica L. were tested in cages indoor and pigpens and destructor plants outdoor. The results showed that the corrected control effect of the double poisonous ropes were higher than B. bassiana ropes and Fendona ropes and caused highly significant difference with the B. bassiana ropes indoors and outdoors,and also higher than Fendona ropes in pigpens which its caused significant difference by one week and highly significant difference by two weeks respectively. When considering the infection rate between the B. bassiana ropes and double poisonous ropes,there was a significant difference only indoor and no difference in pigpens or destructor plants outdoor. These showed B. bassiana strain F08 and Fendona in the double poisonous ropes have good compatibility and play a very good control effect on house fly,M. domestica together.


Given the accessibility to medical resources in urban areas, one possible barrier to African Americans' participation in clinical research and medical services is their medical-related beliefs. Such beliefs may partially explain various health disparities in the African American community – including HIV. However, the dynamic of psychosocial and demographic factors underlying these beliefs are less understood. Forty-nine urban-residing African Americans completed the Need for Cognitive Closure Scale (NFCS), the Medical Mistrust Index (MMI), and a HIV conspiracy belief questionnaire to determine the differences among these factors. While there was no significant interaction between NFCC and age on medical mistrust towards healthcare organizations, there was a significant interaction between NFCC and age on HIV conspiracy beliefs. Results suggest there may be an association between NFCC and the level of endorsement in HIV conspiracy beliefs among young urban African Americans. Future studies should examine this relationship within a larger population to determine possible strategies for decreasing such beliefs among this vulnerable population.


Description on cassette : Kenneth Burke - Lecture: "Words in a World that is Wordless: A Talk on the Relation Between the Realms of Motion and Action" Intro: Edgar Slotkin; 5/8/79


The election of Donald Trump to the presidency of the United States missed by a mere few weeks the 120th anniversary of the opening night of Alfred Jarry's Ubu the King (10 December 1896). Numerous similarities between the 45th US president and the character that inaugu -rated the theatrical avantgarde didn't go unnoticed. The poet Charles Simic wrote that the "story of his presidency and the cast of characters he has assembled in the White House would easily fit into Jarry's play without a single word needing to be changed" (Simic 2017). British author Rosanna Hildyard had the same idea when she published her translation and adaptation of Jarry's play under a tell-all title: Ubu Trump (2017). And early in 2018, Paula Vogel organized a "National UBU ROI Bake-Off" in which she invited playwrights to compose skits featuring key "ingredients" from Jarry's play. So, on Presidents' Day (19 February 2018) theatres across the country performed pieces that ranged from a farce about Trump and Anthony Scaramucci, who briefly and scandalously held the position of White House communications director, to a monologue by an actor playing Melania Trump, to Ubu's funeral. More recently, in late February 2020, an advertisement from Verso Books for Hal Foster's new book What Comes after Farce? landed in my inbox. The blurb is spot on:


[Problem] To provide: an oxide semiconductor layer with which crack formation is reduced, and which exhibits excellent electrical characteristics and stability; a semiconductor element provided with said oxide semiconductor layer; and an electronic device. [Solution] An oxide-semiconductor-layer production method according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: a precursor-layer formation step in which an oxide semiconductor precursor is formed as a layer upon or above a substrate, said oxide semiconductor precursor being obtained by dispersing, in a solution including a binder comprising an aliphatic polycarbonate, a compound of a metal that will become an oxide semiconductor when oxidized; and a baking step in which the precursor layer is heated at a first temperature that causes the binder to decompose by at least 90 wt%, and subsequently baked at a temperature which is higher than the first temperature, which binds oxygen to the aforementioned metal, and which has an exothermic peak value at at least a second temperature (the temperature indicated by X) in differential thermal analysis (DTA).


A total of forty Arsi-Bale male goats weighing on average (±SE) 16.8 ± 0.61 kg were used over a 132-day feeding period to determine the optimum level for substitution of concentrate with fresh sweet potato vines (SPV), having dry matter of 92%, crude protein of 19% and gross energy of 15.6 KJ/g DM for both biological and economic benefits. Five SPV substitution treatments in percentage: SPV0 as control, SPV25, SPV50, SPV75, and SPV100 were tested. The concentrate was a mixture of 78.4% wheat bran, 20.6% noug seed cake, and 1% salt with CP 20.5% and ME 2.16 MJ/kg DM. The animals took about 56 days to adapt to the SPV and recorded increasing DM intake with increasing inclusion of SPV in the ration. There were significant differences (P SPV25 > SPV100 > SPV75 > SPV0, and 50% SPV substitution having most profitable with an average net return of 41.73 (ETB)/head. Therefore, it can be concluded that 50% SPV substitution for concentrate can be used for growing Arsi-Bale male goats with acceptable weight gain, feed intake, body measurements and economic returns.


This translation has been made from a Burmese copy printed at the Hanthawati Press, Rangoon, but there is nothing to show whence the text was taken. I have also made use ofa manuscript taken from the Mandalay Library, and now at the India Office. The gāthā, which in many places seem to be imperfect, are not given in the shape of gāthā in the Mandalay copy. In some cases the Burmese translation was redundant, and in others defective, so in translating them, though not a Pāli scholar, I havedone my best to stick to the Pāli text, receiving some valuable assistance from Prof. Rhys Davids. The Jātaka is No. 547 in the Ceylon List, and what is called one of the Greater Jātaka, probably composed at a late date, as it refers to the Pandara Jātaka, No. 521 [vol. v. p. 75, of Fausböll], which I have translated in a note from another Burmese source.


Madagascar is widely known for its exceptional biodiversity which is, for the terrestrial part, mainly concentrated in tropical forests. This biodiversity is severely threatened by both climate change and deforestation. The FRB (Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversite) project named BioSceneMada (http://bioscenemada.net) aims at modelling the biodiversity scenarios in Madagascar under both the effects of climate change and anthropogenic deforestation. In this study we present the first results of the project. We used presence data for more than 5000 species and bioclimatic envelope models to forecast species distribution under the effects of climate change. Species distribution maps were used to identify potential refugia for biodiversity. Combining these results to the projections of a deforestation model, we also identified the potential biodiversity hotspots under a high risk of deforestation. Project results should help define efficient strategies for conserving Madagascan biodiversity. In particular, we promote the inclusion of top priority areas for biodiversity conservation into the current Madagascar protected areas system.


The major purpose of the present study was to determine whether maximal strength squat training using high loads, few repetitions and maximal mobilization of force might improve running economy, and thus an aerobic endurance performance, as has been shown in female upper body work in previous resear


The antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of Bauhinia variegate The present study was carried out to investigate the antibacterial activity of methanolic extract of Bauhinia variegate The antibacterial activity was evaluated according to the well diffusion assay using different isolates of gram G+ve and gram Gve bacteria which were isolate from Urain , septum and wound , and identified by bio chemical and api20E system. Two isolates were represented gram positive bacteria and twelve isolates of gram negative bacteria The plant extract was more active against G+ve isolates than G-ve isolates . The most susceptible G+ve isolates to the extract was Staphyllococcus aureus while klebseilla pneumoiae (G-ve) showed highest susceptibility to extract than other Gve isolates . The resistant isolates were Entero Bacter aeroginosa, Enterobacter cloacae , Morexella catarrhalis and Serratia marcescens. The antibacterial activity of extract was observed as broad spectrum activity against G+ve and G-ve isolates .


Objective:To compare and analyze the characteristics of deaths and evaluate the healthy conditions and hazard of the diseases in Huixian according to the data of disease observation posts from 1995 to 1999.Methods:To study and analyze the deaths of the diseases,injury and poisoning by the indices of mortality,years of potential life lost(YPLL) and working years of potential life lost(WYPLL),etc.Results:In the past five years,deaths of cerebrovascular accidents,heart attack,malignant tumour,injury and poisoning were in turn on the top list in the order of mortality;In the order of YPLL and WYPLL,the deaths of injury and poisoning,malignant tumour,cerebrovascular accidents and heart attack were in turn on the top list.The result showed that malignant tumour,cerebrovascular accidents,heart attack,injury and poisoning not only endanger the residents health,but also lead to "earlier death" of YPLL and WYPLL.Conclusion:Injury,poisoning,malignant tumour,cerebrovascular accidents and heart attack have done great harm to the residents in Huixian.So the government should pay attention to them.


This report summarizes the key findings of the American Dental Education Association (ADEA) Survey of Dental School Seniors for the graduating class of 2017. The survey covers a wide range of topics related to dental education, including students' motivation to pursue dentistry, perceived preparation in different subject areas, debt incurred, and career plans. The response rate for the survey was 77.1% and included responses from students at all 65 U.S. dental schools with graduating classes that year. Some of the key findings include a near equal representation of males and females, but a skewed distribution by gender within race/ethnic groups. In general, minority students had a higher ratio of females, while White students had a higher ratio of males. Average educational debt fell slightly at public schools but rose by $40,000 to $287,405 at private schools. The two most common plans following graduation were to work in the private sector and to continue learning at an advanced dental education program. The majority of students planned at some point in their careers to teach and to work with underserved populations. Comparing the experiences and plans of seniors with different characteristics allows school administrators and policymakers to better understand these future dentists' motivations and challenges.


Inverse opals with large connection pores were fabricated by infiltrating sintered polystyrene opal templates using low-temperature atomic layer deposition of TiO2 and subsequently dissolving the polystyrene in toluene. The dielectric lattice, consisting of overlapping air spheres in a TiO2 matrix, was then infiltrated with nematic liquid crystal, with some samples having received a prior hydrophobic surface treatment. The specular reflectance is shown to depend not only on electric-field amplitude, but also on film structure. In the hydrophobictreated sample, a 20 nm shift of the Bragg peak was observed for an applied electric field of 50 kV/cm.


We present experimental results of a high efficiency Ne-like Fe transient collisional excitation x-ray laser using the COMET 15 TW table-top laser system at LLNL. The plasma formation, ionization and collisional excitation of the x- ray laser have been optimized using two sequential laser pulses: a plasma formation beam with 5 J energy of 600 ps duration and a pump beam with 5 J energy of 1.2 ps duration. Since the observation of strong lasing on the 255 angstroms 3p - 3s J equals 0 - 1 transition of Ne-like Fe, we have achieved high gains of 35 cm-1 and saturation of the x-ray laser. A five-stage traveling wave excitation enhances the strongest Fe 3p - 3s 255 angstroms lasing line as well as additional x-ray lines. A careful characterization of the plasma column conditions using L-shell spectroscopy indicates the degree of ionization along the line focus.


According to the literature, there are increasingly more scientific data regarding the boron importance in the human nutrition. The request for boron supplements has become more significant due to the following two discoveries: boron transport within the animal cell and the cellular signaling of some bacteria by a sugar borate complex. It is necessary to establish the benefits and the toxicity of boron consumption for humans and animals, although a biological function of boron has not been defined yet. In addition, it is important to know the legal regulations for boron use worldwide, its physiological effects and health uses.


A quality management system is an important tool for improving an organisation's performance. It is widely applied in private companies, but is rarely used in the field of scientific research by public bodies. The aim of this study is to describe how an ISO 9001:2008 quality system can improve the performance of a research institute by introducing the 4A's strategy: Audit, Awareness, Assessment, and Accountability. Data collected before 2007 are compared to those obtained in the period between 2008 and 2012, and data analysis shows a general improvement in all Institute performance indicators. We could assert that paying maximum attention to the transparency of objectives, prevention, and systematic evaluation of continuous improvement provide surprising scientific and economic dividends even in a public research body with very limited carrot-and-stick potential regarding incentives and rewards for personnel.


In this paper, we demonstrate high performance 850 nm InGaAsP/InGaP strain-compensated MQWs vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). These VCSELs exhibit superior performance with threshold currents of ~0.4 mA, and slope efficiencies of ~ 0.6 mW/mA. High modulation bandwidth of 14.5 GHz and modulation current efficiency factor of 11.6 GHz/(mA)1/2 are demonstrated. We have accumulated life test data up to 1000 hours at 70°C/8mA. In addition, we also report a high speed planarized 850nm oxide-implanted VCSELs process that does not require semi-insulating substrates, polyimide planarization process, or very small pad areas, therefore very promising in mass manufacture.


Methods:Macrophages derived from U937 monocyte-like human cell line were co-cultured with human Tenon's capsule i li ll li l i ' l fibroblasts in three-dimensional collagen gels. The gels were treated with a broad spectrum MMP inhibitor (GM6001) or Rac1 inhibitor (NSC23766). Additionally, fibroblasts were treated with different doses of Mitomycin-C (MMC) for 5 i i i i i ll i l i i i i minutes, and then seeded in collagen gels at different fibroblast:macrophages ratios (1:2 or 1:5). Contraction was calculated from digital photographs using ImageJ.


The principles of information security is a core basic curriculum in undergraduate information security major,the curriculum has the characteristics that it concern many fields,the knowledge updates quickly,and is comprehensive and theoretical.Aimed at the characteristics of the curriculum,and combined with the author's experience in teaching practice,the paper explores the teaching reform idea and method for the curriculum.The practice shows that rationally using these teaching reform methods can improve the teaching quality.


Abstract.  Image analysis frequently deals with shape estimation and image reconstruction. The objects of interest in these problems may be thought of as random sets, and one is interested in finding a representative, or expected, set. We consider a definition of set expectation using oriented distance functions and study the properties of the associated empirical set. Conditions are given such that the empirical average is consistent, and a method to calculate a confidence region for the expected set is introduced. The proposed method is applied to both real and simulated data examples.


The potential impact of propane flamers on the development and release of ascosporic inoculum of Venturia inaequalis (Cke.)Wint. from infected dead apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) leaves that overwintered on the soil of an experimental orchard was assessed. Thermal reduction of scab primary inoculum was first conducted under controlled conditions using an indoor testing facility. At the time of ascospore maturation, heavily infected leaves were submitted to temperature rises ranging from 150 to 200 °C with open-flame burners, thus reducing the number of ascospores subsequently released by 76% and 87%, respectively. During Spring 1995, thermal treatments of overwintered dead leaves were performed directly on the ground of an apple orchard with an experimental propane flamer design to generate uniform heat at ground level. Four thermal treatment strategies, involving two dates of flaming and two heat intensities, were tested. Flaming orchard ground, when performed in early May, before significant development of ground cover, reduced the number of ascopores released from infected dead leaves by half. A significant residual effect of the treatments on ascospore ejection was still observed 2 and 4 weeks after the treatments, thus indicating that ascospore maturation inside the leaves may be reduced by heat treatment. These results indicate potential for propane flamers to reduce apple scab primary inoculum in orchards.


This interview centers the voices of four Black women of immigrant origin, all of them members of the Flanbwayan Haitian Literacy Project, a community-based organization formed 15 years ago in New York City to promote cultural pride and biliteracy in newcomer youth. In this paper, two administrators and two youth participants are in conversation with each other as they reflect on their cross-generational experiences with culturally responsive and sustaining education in schools, share models of welcoming and culturally sustaining school cultures, and offer advice to educators on the types of dispositions and knowledge required to implement this education model with fidelity. They share the particular challenges they experienced as emergent bilingual students in their online learning classes, their concerns for the remainder of the year, and their hopes for the future.


Sound propagation phenomena in certain liquid and solid aggregate mixtures, at micrometer scales, in some cases resemble the wave propagation behaviors of materials observed at nanometer and atomic scales. For example, it can be shown that the sound wave dispersion, attenuation, and cutoff‐frequency effects depend on the same structural parameters as those observed at nano or atomic levels and are similar at both scales. Therefore, to investigate theoretical models of wave and matter interactions it is more convenient to use, as experimental tools, the readily analyzable models of wave propagation, in mixtures of solid and liquid, constructed at micrometer scales. Theoretical findings on sound propagation in the mixtures of liquid and solid particles at micrometer scales will be discussed. These results show the resemblance to the behavior of acoustic phonons, the lattice thermal vibrations of crystalline structures, at radically different scales. Experimental data on wave dispersion, attenuation, band‐pa...


It introduces the safety technical measures of artificial digging pile,analyzes common accidents in building construction,discusses their countermeasures from the measures to prevent slump and crack of encasing,to reduce water and to prevent quicksand and the measures adopted by orifice and hole toe,and points out that so long as proper measures can man avoid or reduce accidents.


As power plant designers and builders, there is a bright future for the industry. The demand for electricity will continue to grow, and the need for new plants will increase accordingly. But companies that develop and supply these plants must adapt to new ways of doing business if they expect to see the dawn of this new age. Several factors will have a profound effect on the generation and use of electricity in future years. Instant communications now reach all corners of the globe, making people everywhere aspire to a higher standard of living. The economic surge needed to satisfy these appetites will, in turn, be fed by a network of suppliers who are themselves restructuring to serve global markets, unimpeded by past nationalistic barriers to trade. The strong correlation between economic progress and the growing demand for electricity is well recognized. A ready supply of affordable electricity is a necessary underpinning for any economic expansion. As economies advance and jobs increase, electric demand grows geometrically, fueled by an ever-improving quality of life. Coupled with increasing demand is the worldwide trend toward privatization of the generation industry. The reasons may vary in different parts of the world, but the effect more » is the same--companies are battling intensely for the right to build or purchase generating facilities. Those companies, like the industry they serve, are themselves in a period of transition. Once a closed, monopolistic group of owners in a predominantly services-based market, they are, thanks to competitive forces, being driven steadily toward a product-based structure. « less


We have integrated an array of five High-T/sub c/ Josephson junction oscillators with a Josephson detector junction of high resistance, e.g. 25 /spl Omega/. High impedance detectors are suitable in integrated superconducting receivers. We find the output power to be sufficient to modulate the detector junction with large Shapiro steps in the frequency range 200-700 GHz. The oscillator junctions were dc-biased in parallel and integrated in an inductive high frequency coupling circuit to oscillate coherently in-phase. The high frequency coupling circuit is evaluated through its influence on the current-voltage characteristic of the Josephson junctions.<<ETX>>


A review of phytoconstituents and biological activities of Dysoxylum species has been presented, considering the fact that there are about 110 species of this genus distributed all around the world and many of these species occur in India. In Ayurveda, Dysoxylum species are used either alone or as an important ingredient of several formulations for the cure of inflammation, cardio-disorder, CNS disorder and tumor etc. Several of the chemical compounds (alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and terpenoids etc) were isolated. This review focuses on the detail of its chemical constituents and medicinal uses with emphasis on the pharmacological action.


BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India and China) represent the emerging economic powers whose current role in the global economy cannot be ignored. BRICS today states and broad authority and global importance in future will represent greater progress. Educational reforms and the replantation of education models have played a major role in the economic development of these countries. Thus, by using a strategy of cooperation and working together, the triad University-Company-State was consolidated as an effective tool for progress and economic and social transformation of these nations. The objective of this study is to identify and highlight the importance of this triad and explore the possibilities of its application in a developing country like Colombia. In addition, a detailed description of the planning project led by the New Granada Military University (UMNG) considering its benefits as being established as a public entity, capable of provide full coverage and academic development.


A dye for forming by a wet process an anisotropic dye film which is black and has a high degree of polarization and a high degree of molecular orientation; and an anisotropic dye film comprising the dye. The dye, which is for forming an anisotropic dye film by a wet process, is a trisazo dye which in its free acid form is represented by the following general formula (1). Also provided is a polarizing element comprising the anisotropic dye film. (1) (In the formula, A1 is an optionally substituted phenyl or aromatic heterocyclic group; B1 is an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group; D1 is an optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon or aromatic heterocyclic group; R1 is hydrogen, hydroxy, or optionally substituted amino; and m and n each is 0 or 1.)


Steel used in the construction of buildings and bridges is not immune to corrosion. Corrosion requires water, oxygen and a catalyst such as salt. The authors suggest several ways to prevent altogether or reduce significantly corrosion damage: eliminate chloride from the concrete environment, avoid or reduce exposure to water, reduce concrete's permeability by reducing the water-cement ratio and/or add a pozzolan or blended cement, avoid electrical currents, protect the steel with appropriate coatings and use a corrosion inhibitor.


The problem of over-indebtedness began to manifest itself significantly in the Euro area in 2009. Permanent government deficits and the global financial crisis have increased public debt in many, especially the southern Euro area countries, well above the Maastricht criterions. The Slovak Republic is not one of the countries with disproportionaly high debt, but in the era of its autonomy, it had to deal with three periods when the debt was increasing. It was a period of transformation of the economy from centrally managed to market economy after 1993, a period of economic recession due to the global financial and economic crisis and the current coronavirus pandemic, accompanied by a deep economic downturn. The need to tackle a number of inadequate social inequalities is also puttig pressure on the public finances. The aim of this article is to assess development of public debt in Slovakia and to draw attention to the risks of its deepening. Slovakia achieved relatively high levels of economic growth. These periods have not been sufficiently used to reduce public debt, which currently accounts for 48% of GDP. While its share to GDP is falling, the absolute volume of debt is increasing. Economic consequences of the current global coronavirus pandemic will cause further growth in public debt. Slovakia did not take enough opportunity in good times to prepare for the crisis period.


The invention discloses a method and an apparatus for performing a floating-point operation with a floating-point processor having a given precision. A subprecision for the floating-point operation on one or more floating-point numbers is selected. The selection of the subprecision results in one or more excess bits for each of the one or more floating-point numbers. Power may be removed from one or more components in the floating-point processor that would otherwise be used to store or process the one or more excess bits, and the floating-point operation is performed with power removed from the one or more components.


FAD in the beginning when fishermen see hordes of pelagic fish congregate naturally around the objects floating on the surface. The level of eligibility criteria is top venture capital investment or long term investment in a particular production. The analysis needs to be done in order to know the development of the business at any given time. Field research conducted in July-August 2016, housed in the waters of West Aceh Meulaboh. Data retrieval is performed using the method of experimental fishing and survey (interview). Data were analyzed with the catch using a descriptive approach. The catch is that caught on portable FAD by using fishing line output with total as many as 622 tail and on traditional FAD as much as 1.171 tail for 30 trip. P ortable FAD catches of  34.37% and traditional FAD of 65.63%. The investment required in portable FAD amounting to Rp 51.000.000. Total fixed costs incurred per annum on Rp 15.600.000 portable FAD and cost not fixed at RP 102.240,000. Tradisional FAD cost of Rp 53.000.000. Total fixed costs incurred per year amounting to 15.600.000 and cost is not a fixed amount of Rp 102.240,000. The results of calculations on venture portable FAD retrieved value NPV of Rp 20.137. 984, IRR of 36.86%, Net B/C of 1.39 and PP of 1.99 and on traditional FAD NPV values obtained amounting to 43.773.096, IRR of 60.30%, Net B/C of 1.83, PP amounting to 1.38. Financial analysis using bank rates of 14% by the year 2016. Keywords:  P ortable FAD, traditional FAD, West Aceh Waters


To establish significant geologic features associated with the marble, gabbro and muscovite mineralization in Igbeti-Moro area, within southwestern Nigeria, the high-resolution aeromagnetic data were subjected to data enhancement processes and interpretation. The reduced-to-magnetic equator (RTE) anomaly map was subjected to various normalized (vertical, tilt and total horizontal) derivatives for lineament enhancement, edge detection of analytic signal (AS) amplitude and depth estimation techniques of source parameter imaging (SPI), average power spectrum and magnetic source depths were estimated using the source parameter imaging averaged power spectrum and Euler deconvolution at different spectral indices. The range of RTE residual magnetic intensity from 338.3 nT to -2.4 nT (low), 9.9 to 27.7 nT (intermediate) and 32.1 to 208.0 nT (high)  revealed the three major lithologies in the area which include the: Pan African Granite, early metamorphic tectonites, metasedimentary rocks and the intrusion of quartz and amphibolite schists. The prominent NE – SW lineament revealed regional structural grains (fractures and faults) in these rocks associated with emplacement of the quartz-schist and muscovite-schist, which would have formed contemporaneously with isoclinal fold and hosts marble, gabbro, amphibolites, and muscovite mineralogy at shallow depth range 0 to 200 m in the western, north central and northeastern parts of the area. The significant geologic features and their geometry of occurrences have been established as a prospect for solid minerals in the area. However, geochemical investigation is encouraged to determine the economic value of the minerals. Keywords: geologic features; lineament; mineralogy; magnetic anomalies ; regional structural grains.


1. A method of delivery of the object data to the user communication device, comprising the steps of; ! establish a session between the first and second communication devices; ! transmitting to the second communication device, the first transmission step, a primary data object providing information pertaining to the first communication device user, the transmission takes place after the occurrence of a triggering event at the first communication device / transmitted at the second transmitting step, a request of the secondary data object from the second communication device to the data server, wherein the secondary data object request includes at least one information relating to the user of the first communication device and information rel osyaschuyusya to the user of the second communication device; ! creating the secondary data object intended for rendering at the first and second communication devices; and! transmitted to the third step of transmitting the secondary data object to the first and second communication devices. ! 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the primary data object provides information pertaining to the location of the user of the first communication device. ! 3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the first transferring step the primary data object is sent from the first communication device. ! 4. The method of claim 1, wherein in the first transferring step the primary data object is sent from the location server. ! 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the secondary data object comprises a non-graphical representation of the locations of the first and second communication devices. ! 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the secondary data object comprises a graphical representation of the locations of the first and second communication devices. ! 7. C


Abstract A key feature of the rise of neoliberal politics and policy has been the progressive shift of risk from corporations and national states to the local government, individuals and households. In this article, we argue that, in the UK, 'great risk shift' has not only been intensified by recession and austerity but has also been marked by the unevenness of the redistribution of risk and insecurity across scales and places, and between different types of household. In order to capture the differentiated nature of experiences and impacts of recession, risk and insecurity, this article first considers the spatial and temporal dynamics of recession and the great risk shift. It then goes on to localise and embed these dynamics within the city regions and local authorities of Bristol and Liverpool, drawing on a quantitative survey of 1,013 households, across a range of different household types. The survey was segmented geographically and by ten different household types using Ipsos-MORI's (ACORN) classification of residential neighbourhoods. Whilst the evolving crisis and subsequent austerity measure have been a 'moving target' for cities, the local government and households, the household survey was undertaken in the two city regions in the winter of 2011 and explored experiences and impacts since 2008. It will seek to demonstrate the nature, impact and 'lived experience' of the 'risk shift' during this period and consider the ongoing and broader implications for households, and national and local policymakers.


One year's data of an MF (medium frequency) radar installed at Kunming (25.6 degrees N, 103.8 degrees E) station, China, are used to study the tidal structure over Kunming. The tidal parameters including amplitudes and phases are analyzed, which show a strong diurnal tide and weak semidiurnal tide for both zonal and meridional components. The maxima diurnal and semidiurnal amplitudes are approximately 40 and 20 m/s, respectively. The diurnal phases and amplitudes show strong seasonal variability. Maximum amplitudes occur in March, and subsidiary maxima are attained in August and October, while the phase indicates an annual cycle. Semidiurnal amplitudes vary not so evidently. The vertical structures of the tidal parameters are compared with the Global Scale Wave Model (GSWM-09) values. The observed amplitudes of diurnal tide are smaller than the model values, but reversed for the semidiurnal tide. The observed phases of the diurnal tide show similar variations to GSWM-09 values. The agreement between the observed semidiurnal phase and model values is not so good. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


The drain-to-source HBM (human body model) ESD (electrostatic discharge) robustness of GaN HEMTs has been investigated through the TLP (transmission line pulse) I-V tests in most previous works. However, TLP tests and HBM ESD tests are found to be miscorrelated using the conventional method applicable to Si MOSFETs. In this work, it is found that the drain-to-source breakdown mechanism of GaN HEMTs contradicts the basis of the conventional correlation method, which also leads to much longer rise time of the drain-to-source voltage (Vds) in the HBM ESD test than in the TLP test. Therefore, the HBM ESD test of GaN HEMTs is correlated with a pulse I-V (PIV) test with easily adjustable rise time to establish a more suitable method. The HBM ESD sensitivity is estimated from the PIV test with an error of 4.5%.


The Euler scheme for the scalar autonomous stochastic differential equations is presented in order to research the numerical solution of the equations.It is proved that the equations are convergent when the deviation coefficient and diffusion coefficient satisfy the global Lipschitz condition.The local convergence order and the mean square strong convergence order are presented as well.The solution process is carried out under relaxed definite conditions,but it also has the same convergence order when the coefficients of the equations satisfy the global Lipschitz condition and the linear growth condition.


Abstract
 This chapter discusses different measures of site quality and productivity, viz., gross primary productivity; net primary productivity; and net ecosystem production. The chapter also covers the following topics: the National Cooperative Soil Survey and Site Productivity; relation of site productivity to ecological classification; productivity and related self-sustaining properties of oak forests; and methods of evaluating site quality.


sured as the growth rate in manufacturing remained the slowest of any major industrial country, measured in output per worker hour, U.S. productivity remained the highest of any manufacturing nation. By 1980 output per employed worker-year in manufacturing was 16 percent higher than Japan, 21.7 percent higher than Germany, and 31.3 percent higher than France. Furthermore, the Japanese model does not appear so enticing today. The Japanese economy, as we know, has suffered in the recent global recession. Particularly hard hit have been the steel, auto, and microcomputer and computer chip industries. Japan's electronics industry is now suffering from its worst slump since the Second World War. Industrial policy debate in the 1980s was not lost because of intellectual confusion, Democratic party cowardice, or Reaganite free-market propaganda. The economic debate was defeated—at that time—by proficient economists who simply had the better against their rivals, who tended to be lawyers, sociologists, and alternative economists. In the end, proponents of industrial policy confronted what economic historian Stanley Engerman has called the Goldilocks dilemma. Readers will recall that Goldilocks had a difficult time finding things just to her satisfaction. Though proponents of industrial policy legitimately claimed they did not want central planning, they remained undecided as to the extent and form of government involvement in the economy. Much of the industrial policy debate came down to having a council of some sort, placed somewhere, with some sort of power, but the exact nature of this council remained undetermined. If industrial policy is needed, the question still remains how such a council will coordinate economic policy. Perhaps, like Goldilocks, proponents of industrial policy can get it right, but they should beware—as Goldilocks discovered—that their critics will claim that private property has been violated.


The method involves moving sensing portions (AF1,AF2) towards base portion (AB1), and performing simultaneous execution of slide (293,294) to intermediate portion (AZ1,AZ2). The slides are moved down to support element loop, and edge region of decorative surface (20) of trim portion (200) is located in support element loop. The slides are moved out from carrier element loop, and the sensing portions are configured to hold holding jaws (251,252,261,262) towards base portion so that branches of support element loops are pressed together. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) an interior trim portion; and (2) a tool station for producing interior trim portion of motor vehicle.


The vibration testing method on the early crack flaw detection was discussed,but it couldn't give the location and size of the crack flaw.According to the difficulties and requirements of vibrating screen lower beam crack detection,an express detection method was put forward based on combined technical method of metal magnetic memory testing and eddy current testing.The experimentation and spot application results show that the express method is efficient,and it can achieve the early crack fault quick detection of vibrating screen lower beam.Its application can decrease and even avoid the lower beam abrupt fracture occurrence of the vibrating screen,and bring enormous economic and social effects.


Scaled Quail (Callipepla squamata) populations have become locally extinct and spatially fragmented in the Rolling Plains ecoregion of Texas. Translocating Scaled Quail from core to declining populations could augment populations or re-establishing extinct populations. Although translocations of scaled quail have been attempted in Texas, none have been documented and none have attempted to identify best practices. Release strategy (i.e., hard or soft release) is a factor that can influence the success of a translocation. Our objective was to compare daily apparent survival of scaled quail translocated to the Rolling Plains between 2 release treatment groups: hardand soft-release. We estimated a daily apparent survival rate (DASR) for radio-marked hens during the breeding season as a function of age, release treatment, and a time trend. We found evidence of a positive effect of the soft release treatment and higher DASR in adult hens. Overall, DASR of translocated hens was low compared to reported estimates of survival in established resident populations. Using a soft release strategy and translocating a greater proportion of adults may improve future translocation success for scaled quail. Citation: Ruzicka, R. E., K. B. Campbell, M. C. Downey, D. Rollins, B. Kubecka, M. Poole, D. C. Ruthven. 2017. Efficacy of a soft release strategy for translocating quail in the Rolling Plains of Texas. National Quail Symposium Proceedings 8:389–394.


In order to push the technology further, new device structures and process technologies are rapidly being developed. Complexity of these device structures and processes hinders a full understanding of device operation based on the structural information alone. Improper understanding hampers the development of reliable circuit models of these circuits. It is essential to understand internal carrier dynamics for optimum utilization of a high power device.


This study designs an exotic option called rebate option, which aims at the conservativeness of investors. The definition of rebate option is: if the price of underlying asset is smaller (larger) than the barrier price at the end of the monitoring period, then the writer will pay back the initial price of the rebate option to call the outstanding options; and if the price of underlying asset is strictly larger (smaller) than the barrier price at the end of the monitoring period, then rebate options will be equal to traditional options. By martingale methods, this study derives a set of closed-form pricing formulas including stock rebate option, bond rebate option, and stock exchange rebate option. Assuming that the evolution of the forward rates is based upon a deterministic and humped volatility function, this study discusses how the option price and the hedge ratio react when the pricing parameter changes, given different initial term structures of the interest rate.

Key words: rebate option, the barrier price, the monitoring period.


The river is the important link between land and aquatic ecosystem,which takes a large of material to ocean and impacts the global carbon cycle.Here,water chemical and carbon isotopic evidence from different scale catchments in Southwest China to ascertain the chemical weathering and carbon sources as well as impacting factors.The relationship of δ~(13)C-DIC versus chemical ion ratios demonstrate that sulfuric acid derived from oxidation of pyrite is also an important agent of rock weathering in Beipan River.The result shows that around 25%of the HCO_3~- in Beipan River originated from the interaction between carbonate minerals and sulfuric acid based on the Mixing diagrams between carbonic acid weathering and sulfuric acid weathering according to the relationships between δ~(13)C-DIC and major ions.There is high carbonate weathering in the Houzhai catchment relative to other catchment,Southwest China,which is a small typical karstic catchment with the developed subterranean conduits and frequent agricultural activity.The δ~(13)C and DIC characters in Houzhai catchment are thereby considered to be mainly impacted from soil CO_2 and weathering of carbonate rocks.Meanwhile,the nitrate derived from agricultural activity might shift the δ~(13)C-DIC.Furthennore,the higher PCO_2 contents in subterranean conduits compared to that of surface stream leads to part of CO_2 evasion to the atmosphere after groundwater discharging into streams.In brief,δ~(13)C-DIC can be useful to understand the carbon biogeochemical processes in rivers,which is important to assess the weathering and global carbon cycle.


Nano science and nanotechnology are the study and application of extremely small things and can be used across all the scientific and engineering fields. I.e. about 1 to 100 nanometers. The flower material used for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles is Frangipani flowers and Ixora coccinea. Gold nanoparticles have been recognized to be important in the fields of science and engineering and the study investigates the antibacterial activity against different microorganisms.


IR chalcogenide glass is widely used in thermal imager and other optical systems currently,therefore testing the internal optical homogeneity of glass becomes particularly important in controlling of infrared glass quality and improving the product technology.In this paper,a simple system for infrared optical homogeneity detection is introduced,and the original images of internal ring stripes are obtained.By enhancing the image,detecting the boundary,removing the little areas,and using the dilation and erosion algorithms,the center positions,circular radius and other quantified features of the ring stripes are obtained.The final results of imaging process are satisfactory,and it′s helpful to improve the equipment of infrared optical homogeneity detection as well.Moreover these algorithms provide basic data for the improvement of glass production technology.


The work in this project is focused on the development of a neuro-fuzzy approach to remove spectral noise from audio signals. There are three major components in our method. The first is based on the complex semi-cepstrum technique that is employed to extract features from audio signals. The second element is a fuzzy cerebellar model articulation controller (FCMAC) that is used to quantize the signals. The final element was developed based on the theory of stochastic real values (SRV) that is used to search the optimal frequencies in the trained system. We developed a signal processing implementation of the SRV algorithm that performs well in removing spectral noise that is buried in audio signals. Real-time implementation of this method will be critical in all IMSC projects that rely on high-fidelity audio communication.


The article is a continuation of the series [1-4] devoted to the analysis of Nizhniy Novgorod Lobachevski University multidisciplinary cluster development, which aims at supporting forward education in the area of biomedicine and biotechnologies. This analysis serves as a basis for deriving some new approaches to manage the cluster evolution. Main emphasis is focused on the need of integration with multiple partners to attract the material and human resources for implementing the project. This integration results in interosculation of administrative (transformation of university structure) and project (networking) approaches to university management. Putting into operation of a new building (25 thousand sq. m.) for the University center of innovative development provides facilities for spatial merger of the increasing number of administrative and network cluster nodes. This is an important step in the development of university innovation belt which characterizes the third generation university. The approaches to govern the whole cluster are under consideration.


Abstract Solving nonlinear evolution equations is an important issue in the mathematical and physical sciences. Therefore, traditional methods, such as the method of characteristics, are used to solve nonlinear partial differential equations. A general method for determining analytical solutions for partial differential equations has not been found among traditional methods. Due to the development of symbolic computational techniques many alternative methods, such as hyperbolic tangent function methods, have been introduced in the last 50 years. Although all of them were introduced as a new method, some of them are similar to each other. In this study, we examine the following four important methods intensively used in the literature: the tanh–coth method, the modified Kudryashov method, the F-expansion method and the generalized Riccati equation mapping method. The similarities of these methods attracted our attention, and we give a link between the methods and a system of projective Riccati equations. It is possible to derive new solution methods for nonlinear evolution equations by using this connection.


Popular backbones designed on image classification have demonstrated their considerable compatibility on the task of general object detection. However, the same phenomenon does not appear on the face detection. This is largely due to the average scale of ground-truth in the WiderFace dataset is far smaller than that of generic objects in theCOCO one. To resolve this, the success of Neural Archi-tecture Search (NAS) inspires us to search face-appropriate backbone and featrue pyramid network (FPN) architecture.Firstly, we design the search space for backbone and FPN by comparing performance of feature maps with different backbones and excellent FPN architectures on the face detection. Second, we propose a FPN-attention module to joint search the architecture of backbone and FPN. Finally,we conduct comprehensive experiments on popular bench-marks, including Wider Face, FDDB, AFW and PASCALFace, display the superiority of our proposed method.