The aim of this study is to study the range of tactics used by various self employed Nigerian in tax avoidance and evasion scheme. objectives, we examine literature on the aforementioned issues and questionnaire was draft base on the rese formulated. The statistical tools of Spearman Rank Order Correlation was used to estimate the correlations of the sampled groups in two state of the federations, Anambra and Delta, and relationships between tax avoidance and evasion and the independent variables. Results reveal that respondents are of the opinion that tax evasion is ethical sometimes, and that significant relationship exists between the ethical view, mode of tax administration and cultural practices of the self-employed and tax avoidance and evasion. It is therefore recommended that authorities should constantly review tax rates to reflect prevailing economic realities, be accountable, and ensure that necessary assistance is provided at all times to self of incentive. The aim of this study is to study the range of tactics used by various self-employed Nigerian in tax avoidance and evasion scheme. To achieve these objectives, we examine literature on the aforementioned issues and questionnaire was draft base on the research question and hypothesis formulated. The statistical tools of Spearman Rank Order Correlation was used to estimate the correlations of the sampled groups in two state of the and relationships between tax avoidance asion and the independent variables. Results reveal that respondents are of the opinion that tax evasion is ethical sometimes, and that significant relationship exists between the ethical view, mode of tax administration employed and tax avoidance and evasion. It is therefore recommended that authorities should constantly review tax rates to reflect prevailing economic realities, be accountable, and ensure that necessary assistance is provided at all times to self-employed in terms sion, Tax Avoidance, Perception How to cite this paper


The present invention is determined in the first aspect, by measuring at least four specific biomarker, for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease in a subject, or for determining the risk of developing it, and the presence of severe AD way to on. Moreover, detection for at least four specific biomarker means, in particular an antibody provides kits and arrays. Further provided for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease, or for determining the risk of developing it, the computer program product and a computer implemented method. .The


This paper investigated the effects of several impurities,including Mg2+,F-and acid-insoluble,on the crystal morphologies and particles of calcium sulfate in H3PO4-HNO3 aqueous medium.The morphologies and crystalline phases of calcium sulfate under different impurities contents were characterized primarily.The results show that there were not obvious influences of three impurities on the crystal morphologies in the range of research,but differences in particle size.XRD analysis shows that calcium sulfate crystal existed as a mixture of hemihydrate and dihydrates in acid medium,rather than a single phase,and the change in proportion of hydrates with impurity type and content was various.Only at low magnesium contents,there were strong peaks of hemihydrates in XRD patterns.The filter time of calcium sulfate became longer with increasing impurity contents in acid solution,and there was a certain degree of solubility of calcium sulfate in acid medium.


This paper introduces a new complex integral transformation obtained by inserting a complex parameter into the well-known Rangaig integral transform kernel function. The new integral transform is denoted by the acronym SEL and is called the Complex (Serifenur-Emad-Luay) integral transform. The proposed SEL integral transform features are explained and shown to correspond to some fundamental functions. The application of the SEL transform to finding the solution of some differential equations, including those arising in some real-world practical applications, is discussed as an illustration of the actual fields that could benefit from this novel transform.


The present study is an attempt to revalidate and develop normative data on a non-verbal test of intelligence-Seguin Form Board (SFB). The SFB was administered on a sample of 720 children including 361 boys and 359 girls between age group of 36–120 months (Mean Age: 89.19 months; SD: 20.82) drawn from rural and urban areas and belonging to different social economic status groups. Results indicate that SFB continues to remain a valid and reliable speed test of intelligence at lower age levels of children. However, there is need to evolve separate norms on SFB for different age groups, socio-economic status levels, and area of residence (rural and urban) respectively. An attempt is also made in this study to demonstrate a modified procedure of test performance as relatively more appropriate, superior and effective for estimation of mental ages/IQ of children on this test.


Lynda Nead has pointed out that the dream of motion has haunted visual arts from the classical period to the present and the same can be said can be said of the literature that spawned many of these visual representations. (1) As the foremost image-maker of our time, it should come as no surprise that cinema itself reflects the animation of static people in its subject matter, for the tension between stasis and movement is at the heart of the medium. The fascination for breathing life into the lifeless is, of course, as old as time itself. The most prevalent creational myths implicitly or explicitly employ the image of the deity as a sculptural artist who breathes life into a clay or dust effigy; more often than not, the statue is fashioned in the deity's own image, essentially making it a self-portrait. (2) The main literary sources for these myths are the writings of ancient Greek and Roman philologists such as Hesiod, Homer, Ovid, Pseudo-Apollodorus and Apollonius of Rhodes, who not only speak of the sculptural marvel that is mankind, but of other significant statuary as well. It is these ancient Greek and Roman myths that I will focus on. In most accounts, it was Zeus, king of the Olympians, who commissioned the Titan Prometheus and the Olympian god of fire Hephaistos to create man. (3) Out of water and earth, Hephaistos sculpted man in the likeness of the gods. Prometheus then secretly instructed this new being in the arts of Athena and Hephaistos so that man might fend for himself. The Titan thus tricked the gods on several levels and topped things off by stealing fire from the heavens as a gift to humankind. Not only was Prometheus severely punished for his deeds, mankind also suffered a great blow in the form of the second divine sculpture, Pandora, the first woman. Hephaistos sculpted this creature and her beauty and cunning were meant to be the ruin of man. She was gifted to Prometheus' brother, Epimetheus, and inadvertently unleashed evils from a Greek pithos, or storage jar, that was a wedding present from Zeus. These evils would plague mankind forever, but would not be able to extinguish the flame of hope. (4) The primordial Greek tale of sculptures coming to life was by no means restricted to a creationist context, however. Deborah Tarn Steiner has traced the function and form of statuary from Greek and Roman literary art histories, be they Homeric, Hesiodic, Ovidian or Virgilian, to the art of archaic and classical Greece in her astounding work Images in Mind: Statues in Archaic Greek Literature and Thought (2001). Her study lays bare a wide-ranging spectrum of representational strategies with regard to Greek statuary in both myth and reality. Steiner describes figurines and statues that doubled for the dead or absent and preserved the talismanic properties of its originals, an act of "presentification" that led to their symbolic use in rituals where the effigies would be honored or cursed, but one that did not dismiss the possession of other properties, for "combined in the single piece, several kinds of image 'magic' are at work." (5) The craftsmanship with which these statues were animated by late sixth-century and early fifth-century sculptors is a case in point. Steiner rightly argues that the artistry and materiality of these sculptures elevated them from mere representational objects to vivified artifacts. (6) This animation was effectuated through inscriptions and ornamentation that highlighted its status as an object of craftsmanship, and, more importantly, through posture and anatomy. The development in Greek sculpture from the Archaic (800 to 500 B.C.) to the Classical (500 to 323 B.C.) period saw the stiffness of the kouroi give way to a more naturalistic freedom of movement of expression, or as Richard Neer describes it: "The result was an amplified, hyperbolic version of the Archaic style. Classical contrapposto ratcheted up the internal inconsistencies of the kouros stance, and Classical movement bet everything on striking and awing the beholder. …


Objectives This paper is a plan to understand the 'confirmation bias' thinking prevalent in our society and implement ethical education by using Lee Mun-yeol's short story . Through this, it has the purpose of upholding the right ethics and cultivating the transmitted thoughts.
Methods In this text analysis, I would like to apply J. Lacan's 'desire theory'. Lacan's theory that human unconsciousness and consciousness form a dialectic like a Möbius strip centered on the imaginary and symbolic worlds is a representative theory that traces the fictions of the human mental world through the egocentric thoughts and desires inherent in the human mind. to be.
Results It is possible to know what principle 'confirmation bias' can be substituted into human unconsciousness and consciousness, and how it is related to human ethics. Therefore, you can learn a sound critical mind and ethics.
Conclusions Through this study, we understand the false principle of 'confirmation bias' and understand the human mental structure. In addition, it is judged that there will be an educational effect in terms of understanding the objective structure of ethical consciousness and self-identity that human beings must have, and understanding the conditions of healthy thinking.


In recent years, with the rapid development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, the partial enterprises have been constructed to be the new power to promote the domestic economic growth. However, due to the particularity of organization structures, corporate standards and business risks, the participation of VC and PE institutions is very important for the development of enterprises. This paper takes the small and medium-sized enterprise board as the research object and carries out the research on the relationship between VC/PE and invested enterprise growth. Firstly, the growth rate of business income and net profit are selected as the quantitative indexes to measure the enterprise growth. Through the comparison and analysis, it is found that the enterprise with the VC/PE background will have a stronger growth capacity than the enterprise without such background. On the basis of the conclusion that VC/PE exerts advantageous influence upon the growth of enterprises, the shareholding ratio of VC/PE is regarded as the independent variable, return on equity, asset-liability ratio, total asset turnover ratio and total assets are taken as the control variables, the growth rate of business income and net profit are selected as the dependent variables. By utilizing the correlation analysis and regression analysis methods, the research indicates that the shareholding ratio of VC/PE will have a positive correlation with the growth capacity of the enterprise.


This paper presents approaches for pose and position estimations of two-dimensional regular shapes including rectangles and circles as well as particular kinds of triangles in monocular images. Part of this problem has been settled with parameters of digital cameras calibrated, which is not infeasible for all encountered images. Take the formulation of an image as perspective projection and the effective focal length of the cameras behind can be uniquely determined by only one general perspective rectangle in the image. Then with no additional condition required, the poses of those shapes concerned here with respect to the camera coordinate system can be calculated. Further, their positions can also be estimated with reasonable prior knowledge about lengths or areas. Experiment shows results desirably according with both the real fact and people's perceptions. Compared with other methods, ours are not just less complex, numerically solvable and intuitionistic but robust to errors in coordinates and changes made to images.


From the middle of nineteenth century to the early of the twentieth century, eastward spread of Western Culture, that is, the Western women actuality and the women right's ideas began to spread to China, provoked the Chinese thinking circles to pay attention to it. As frames of reference to the Western women actuality, lots of thinkers meditated and analysed the traditional gender cuture, brought forward the women liberation thought: form the indistinct men and women's equality ideas to the distinct ideas, and to the women right's ideas. This showed the ascensive contrail of the women liberation thought in Modern China,and the deepening of eastward spread of Western Culture.


Abstract : Prototyping received renewed emphasis in the Weapon Systems Acquisition Reform Act (WSARA) of 2009 and the revision to DoDI 5000.02 that preceded it. One of the intentions of WSARA is to reduce cost growth among acquisition programs. The purpose of this research was to determine if cost growth is reduced for fixed-wing aircraft acquisition programs that used early prototyping (prior to MS B). The research also sought to identify trends between cost growth and schedule or prototyping cost. The research showed no discernible trends. While the research did not reveal a statistically significant reduction in normalized average total acquisition program cost growth, it does offer insight into the need to further clarify acquisition policy guidance.


In a top-cross analysis for combining ability in pearl millet with Tift. 23D2A and MS. 5141A as females and 40 other inbreds of diverse origin as males, no difference in general combining ability was found between the females for yield) plant height, number of productive tillers and panicle length. MS.5141A was found to be a better combiner for number of grains per cm8. Among the males, general combiners that could produce superior hybrids with both the male-sterile parents were found for all the five characters studied. PT. 1921, PT. 1600 and PT. 1939 were the general combiners for yield. With the exception of three hybrids, specific combining ability was not generally observed in the present study. The results confirm that MS. 5141A, the downy mildew resistant male-sterile line, is a suitable replacement for the downy mildew susceptible Tift. 23D2A.


This work presents a methodology used to collect some spontaneous social affect corpus and preliminary prosodic analysis of certainty and uncertainty in Brazilian Portuguese. The corpus was collected using a Wizard of Oz method (through EmOz platform). The scenario to induce certainty and uncertainty is based on the situation of a job interview, where a companion robot (Emox) is used as a trainer. The subjects were convinced to benefit from a free teaching of this "revolutionary" method to train to job interview. In this scenario the linguistic expressions are partially controlled, in order to focus the certainty/uncertainty expression mainly on paraphrasing and prosody. Data were preliminarily analyzed for audiovisual prosody: videos analysis were made regarding eyebrows, eyes, mouth and face/head movements, while audio analysis were made about acoustic prosody parameters of fundamental frequency and duration. The first results show that using EmOz within such a scenario is an efficient way to induct spontaneous but comparable speech production. Prosodic results show that fundamental frequency and duration measurements, as well as eyebrows, eyes, mouth and face/head movements are differently used in certainty and in uncertainty production in Brazilian Portuguese.


Objective To introduce the surgical procedure of releasing the adduction tension of proximal humerus due to pectoralis major contracture and restoring abduction of the shoulder. Methods 16 cases of severe shoulder stiffness due to trauma to the shoulder region were treated with this procedure. Z plasty lengthening of the pactoralis major tendon insertion on the proximal humerus, capsulectomy, and infraspinatus release were carried out depending on severity of the contracture. A spica was applied post-operatively for 3 to 4 weeks to immobilize the shoulder to 60° of abduction. Exercise then began. Results All 16 cases were followed-up for 6 months to 6 years, the average follow up period being 2.5 years. Abduction of the shoulder returned to normal in 9 cases, 150° larger than normal in 3 cases, 90° in 3 cases, and 60° in 1 case. Conclusion Release and lengthening of pectoralis major is a satisfactory and simple procedure to treat severe post-traumatic shoulder contracture.


Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is a large-scale atmospheric phenomenon that crosses the equator with a propagation area ranging from 15° North to 15° South, and moves from west to east, precisely from the Indian Ocean to the Pacific. MJO propagation is usually characterized by the rising of Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in Indian Ocean respectively. MJO anomaly is closely related to the variability of weather in the area it passes, including the Indonesian Archipelago. The impact of MJO anomaly in Indonesian Archipelago itself is suspected to cause not only excessive rainfall, but also a very long consecutive No Rain Days (NRD), with in the end can also trigger massive crop failures. In addition to SST, there are also external events that can affect the duration of the MJO, i.e. volcanic eruptions. Therefore, the study aims to determine the effect of volcanic eruption events on MJO anomalies, through the SST variable as an MJO anomaly parameter and also the occurrence of volcanic eruptions in the same time span. Data from both variables were taken over a period of 35 years, from 1982 to 2016. The SST data is a daily average data, obtained from ESRL NOAA, which is then filtered by the Bandpass Filter method to reinforce the oscillation of data. The MJO anomaly that seen from the SST fluctuations is then matched with time data and the duration of volcanic eruption events over the same time span. It found out that there are three MJO anomalies occurred during the time span of 35 years, and it is hypothesized that they were clearly in correspondence between the duration of volcanic eruption events with the incidence of MJO anomalies in Indonesian Archipellago.


Current conceptual runoff models hypothesize that stormflow generation on the Canadian Shield is a combination of subsurface stormflow and saturation overland flow. This concept was tested during spring runoff in a small (3.3 ha) headwater basin using: (1) isotopic and chemical hydrograph separation and (2) field mapping and direct tracing of saturated areas. Isotopic and chemical hydrograph separation indicated three runoff components: (1) pre-melt subsurface flow; (2) subsurface flow of new (event) water; and (3) direct precipitation on to saturated areas (DPS). During early thaw-freeze cycles, their relative contributions to total flow remained constant (65 per cent, 30 per cent, and 5 per cent respectively). It is hypothesized that lateral flow along the bedrock/mineral soil interface, possibly through macropores, supplied large volumes of subsurface flow (of both old and new water) rapidly to the stream channel. Much higher contributions of DPS were observed during an intensive rain-on-snow event (15 per cent of total flow). Mapping and direct tracing of saturated areas using lithium bromide, suggested that saturated area size was positively correlated to stream discharge but its response lagged behind that of discharge. These observations suggest that the runoff mechanisms, and hence the sources of stream flow, will vary depending on storm characteristics.


The increase of ambient temperature above the thermoneutral zone is associated with a decrease of performance in weaned piglets, growing-finishing pigs and lactating sows. This negative effect of warm exposure results mainly from a reduced voluntary feed intake. After a short presentation of the mechanisms implied in thermoregulation, the present paper will focus on the effects of high ambient temperatures on patterns of feeding in pigs. It will refer to an experimental program that began at the Pig research Station of INRA four years ago. The feeding behaviour is mainly diurnal whichever the ambient temperature and the physiological stage. Over the temperature range studied, the decreased daily feed intake with increased temperature results, first, from a meal size reduction whereas its frequency remains constant. However, data obtained in lactating sows indicate that a further increase in heat stress intensity induces a reduction in daily number of meals. When temperature fluctuates over the day around a comfort value, both growing-finishing pigs and lactating sows adapt their feed intake to environmental conditions and the lower feed intake during the warm periods of the day is compensated by an increased feed intake during the fresh periods. However under warmer temperatures (above thermoneutral zone), feed ingestion capacity does not allow for compensation of the additionnal decrease in feed intakeunder warm conditions and performance are reduced.


Our Solution for the Mentioned Problem Statement Comprised of Different Modules such as Alert &Notification Module, Real-Time Data Collection Module from Authenticated Source, Precaution Module to Define and Broadcast Protocol to Disaster Affected Areas, Social Media Message Circulation (SMMC) Module. IENS (Indian Early Notification System) has been designed by our team to Get & Fetch Notification System as soon as Disaster Stuck or Popped-Up (Introduce/Originated) and notifies as well as channelize Related Information via Different Social Media Official Platforms.


A review of public health literature related to smoking cessation suggests smoking bans and efforts to stop minors from smoking can be very effective. They help in two ways: reducing smoking where banned and de-normalizing cigarette smoking. Tobacco taxes may be reaching the limits of their effectiveness as a public health measure in many jurisdictions. When a state's tobacco tax is much higher than neighboring jurisdictions, smuggling and cross-border purchasing become major issues. Warnings on tobacco packages raise awareness of hazards, but appear to have little or no effect on initiation of smoking by teens or on smoking cessation. Some initiatives may do more harm than good. Nicotine replacement and other pharmaceutical therapies are remarkably ineffective. They fail about 90 percent of smokers who use them as directed, when results are measured six to twelve months later. Tobacco harm reduction, defined as encouraging smokers to switch to lower-risk, smoke-free tobacco products or e-cigarettes, is a promising option, but one opposed by public health authorities unwilling to consider use of any non-pharmaceutical tobacco product in the context of a public health initiative. Supported abrupt cessation, defined as promotion of web-based educational materials or 1-6 hours of pre-cessation education or counseling and control of contraband tobacco products, deserves far more attention than it has gotten to date. These options are not supported by current tobacco-control programs because the definitive research to demonstrate their effectiveness on individual and population bases has not yet been done. ccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), cigarette smoking causes 443,000 deaths per year; more than any other single, easily preventable cause of death.1 An extensive review of the medical research conducted by the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General shows that dozens of potentially deadly diseases and other maladies result from smoking.2 Despite decades of increasingly stern public health warnings, roughly 20 percent of American adults, about 46 million people, still smoke.3 Smokers smoke mainly for the nicotine. Nicotine, itself, is relatively innocuous: It's a mild stimulant that, like other stimulants, has the potential to cause long-term cardiovascular harm by increasing heart rate, but also has positive consequences on concentration, fine motor skills and memory.4 Although not everyone who uses nicotine becomes addicted to it, it is addictive by any commonly used definition of the term. Virtually all users enjoy the simultaneous feelings of both relaxation and increased mental sharpness that nicotine provides. For some, the nicotine appears to be extremely important to their ability to maintain functional mental and emotional balance. This is most likely to be the case for individuals suffering mental illnesses, such as depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Smokers who also take mental health medications currently account for about 44 percent of cigarettes smoked.5 1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). "Adult Cigarette Smoking in the United States: Current Estimate." http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/ fact_sheets/adult_data/cig_smoking/index.htm. 2. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Health Consequences of Smoking: A Report of the Surgeon General, 2004.


Over the past 25 years a number of fiber optic sensors have been developed to address fence and buried perimeters, and pipeline security. Today, sensors that locate targets along the length of the fiber sensor dominate the long-range perimeter market. There are a number of fiber optic sensors that locate targets including sensors based on interferometry and C-OTDR (Coherent Optical Time Domain Reflectometry). In general, existing interferometric techniques infer the location of a disturbance based on the magnitude of the interfering signals, as opposed to the actual phase differences, and critically suffer from polarization induced fading. A novel technology is developed, as discussed in Optellios' earlier patent, which measures the actual phase difference of the interferometric signal. As a result, this technology is more accurate and precise for locating a disturbance, works well with any magnitude of disturbance, and does not critically depend on polarization of the interfering signals. The technology uses a hybrid Michelson and Mach-Zehnder interferometer architecture that shares the same two sensing fibers. The laser light is frequency modulated, and the In-phase and Quadrature phase responses of the sensor are measured to extract the phase difference of the interfering signals. A disturbance of the sensor cable causes the phase difference of the sensor to change. This phase change is measured from each end of the fiber sensor, and the time delay between the two phase signals is used to locate the disturbance along the length of the sensor cable. The Michelson interferometer is terminated in Faraday Rotational Mirrors to avoid the issues relating to polarization induced fading. Fundamentals of this novel technology will be presented along with its relative performance and merits compared to other interferometric technologies. This technology will be further compared with C-OTDR technology, and experimental data will be discussed.


Sharp-featured Au@Ag core/shell nanocuboids were synthesized. Simulation and experimental results demonstrated that the sharp features and in-cuboid, out-of-cuboid LSPR coupling of the nanocuboids enabled high SERS activities. The ultrasensitive detection of single-point mutations of TDP-43 proteins was demonstrated at 10 pM for the first time. This could be a general strategy for single-point mutation detection in proteins.


The present work has the purpose of studying the morphological aspects of composite coatings having zinc matrix and thermosetting polymers (PF resin type NOVOLAC - RESITAL 6358/1 and epoxy resin type DINOX 110L) as dispersed phase obtained during the electrodeposition process of zinc. The composite coatings layers were electrodeposited from a suspension of resin particles in aqueous zinc sulphate electrolyte by adding 10g/L resin particles with size 0.1 - 5 μ m into electrolyte solution. The structure of the coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) methods. The surface morphology of thermosetting polymers/Zn composite coatings layers is different compared with pure zinc coatings: the regular crystal structure characteristic of electroplated zinc coatings was disturbed. The decreases in the roughness of composite coatings layers compared to roughness of pure zinc layers can be determined by the fine structure of the composite coatings.


With the development of the merchant organization in Yunnan in early modern times, the guild hall, which took the region as the key link, and the trade association, which was professional, had been established. At last, the chamber of commerce was set up. The merchants in Yunnan Province, who had been separated in the past, began to form an integrated network. Through concerted efforts, they broke the regional and professional confines as well as the blood relationship, which helped them form new images and exert greater political and social influence.


We report on single-photon generation at an optical telecommunication wavelength using nondegenerate photon pairs generated by a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide and a conventional single-photon detector. The probability that a single photon was present was 0.16, and the second-order correlation function was 0.19. In addition, the photon statistics of the photon source were studied.


Eggs and larvae belonging to 10 species were identified in July 1997 and to 19 species in August 2000 in the Marmara Sea. Erdek Bay, Marmara Island and surrounding areas and Tekirdag-Sarkoy region are especially important spawning areas in the Sea of Marmara.


An experiment is described in which movement after-effects are noted, following presentation of moving stripes under various conditions of eye movement. After-effects only occur when the retinal image moves systematically across the retina, though movement may be observed when this is not the case. The after-effects are due to specifically retinal stimulation, not to perception of movement pev se.


During the construction of industrial raw material forest bases in the southern collective forest area,there are many risk factors such as natural disasters,macroscopical policies,woodland resources,forest management,financing,relationships between communities,etc.After analyzing and evaluating the risk factors,this paper puts forward some idiographic precaution measures.


Author(s): Barth, Aaron J; Bentz, Misty C | Abstract: Using archival data from the 2008 Lick AGN Monitoring Project, Zhang a Feng (2016) claimed to find evidence for flux variations in the narrow [O III] emission of the Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 142 over a two-month time span. If correct, this would imply a surprisingly compact size for the narrow-line region. We show that the claimed [O III] variations are merely the result of random errors in the overall flux calibration of the spectra. The data do not provide any support for the hypothesis that the [O III] flux was variable during the 2008 monitoring period.


ABSTRACT Background: Good physician-patient communication is an important aspect of patient-centered care and contributes to positive health outcomes, however, there is a lack of standard European Union (EU) communication training policies for physicians. This study explores the barriers to good communication for both physicians and patients across four EU countries as part of the EU-funded project, Health Communication Training for Health Professionals – H-COM. Method: Focus groups were conducted with 31 patients and 38 physicians from Germany, Greece, Spain, and Cyprus. Two separate discussion guides were constructed for each target group around three themes: perceptions of, barriers to, and needs for health communication. Thematic analysis was used. Results: Commonalities and differences between countries and target groups were identified, with participants discussing attitudinal, emotional, educational, and systemic barriers to good communication. Participants indicated a significant gap in health communication knowledge, skills, and training for physicians, with regional differences. Conclusion: The results imply that there is a need for EU-wide communication training for physicians that would be best addressed by common themes and tailoring to specific regional differences. The results also imply that effective training should encompass a blend of theory and practical methods, and should be delivered via an e-learning platform for maximum accessibility. Training programs that adhere to these suggestions can begin to address the gaps in patient-centered care in the EU.


The study uses a Monte Carlo radiative transfer model to examine the sensitivity of the UV erythemal radiation (UVER) enhancement to broken liquid water clouds of the cumulus and stratocumulus type. The model uses monochromatic radiation at 310 nm corresponding approximately to the peak of the product between irradiance and the erythemal curve. All scattering, absorption, extinction coefficients, and spectral albedos are tuned to this wavelength. In order of importance, fractional cloud cover, the area of individual cloud patches, and cloud thickness exert a strong influence on the enhancement, with smaller contributions from cloud optical depth, cloud base height, and solar zenith angle. In order to produce realistic enhancements for our study area located in the Valencia region of Spain (39°30′N, 0°25′W), measurements were obtained from a Landsat image of the region in combination with a spectral Fourier transform model. The Monte Carlo model, as applied to the Fourier transform cloud distribution, produced satisfactory results compared to 1 year of measured UVER enhancement for the study region provided that fractional cloud cover was equal to or greater than 3/10. At smaller cloud fractions, the neglect of cloud patches less than 50 m × 50 m in area by the model created significant discrepancies.


On the basis of our systematic investigations, the main trends concerning synthesis, structure, and reactivity of carboxylate phosphabetaines—phosphorus analogs of organic aminoacids—are considered and analyzed. A wide series of phosphabetaines has been obtained in reactions of tertiary phosphines with unsaturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids, and also with their derivatives—esters and amides. By a plethora of experimental and theoretical methods, it has been shown that the thermodynamic stability of carboxylate phosphabetaines essentially depends on the structure of the initial phosphine and carboxylic acid. In some cases, the reaction between them is equilibrated. On the other hand, for a number of synthesized betaines, it is reliably established that these exist in equilibrium with isomeric phosphoranes. The extremely important condition for stabilization of phosphabetaine structures is the presence of proton-donating reagents, which are included in their crystal lattice. In the series of symmetrically substituted derivatives, the interesting phenomenon of phosphorotropy of the phosphonium group is established. The reactivity of phosphabetaines in reactions with electrophilic reagents (haloid alkyls and acyls, isocyanates, corbodiimides) has been investigated. The majority of key structures have been confirmed by the direct X-ray method. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 17:557–566, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20276


Work is devoted to chamber music and vocal works C. Wolff. Special attention is paid to the realization of the poetic prototype in terms of interaction of poetic and musical text. Considered the composer's creative method of its reliance on the lexical, intonation and rhythmic and phonetic components of poetic source.


The microbial diversity in Wuli Area,Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau was investigated using 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analyses.A total of 117 bacterial and 66 archaeal 16S rRNA gene clones were obtained from the Wuli cold springs.The bacterial clones could be classified into Pwteobacteria,Acidobacteria, Deinococci,Sphingobacteria,Flavobacteria.Nitrospirae,Actinobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes, and unclassified-bacteria;and the archaeal clones could be classified into Crenarchaeota and Thaumarchaeota.Among the major groups,Pwteobacteria and Crenarchaeota were dominant in the bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene clone libraries,respectively.The clone sequences obtained in Wuli cold springs were closely related to those from cold habitats,such as snow/ice/soils on high mountains or at high latitude.Especially,the microbial community composition of Wuli Area was more similar to that in Tibetan glaciers than cold environments of other locations.The data presented in this study have implications for a better understanding of microbial diversity in cold springs on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.


This chapter explores the contribution of Phan Huy Le in Vietnam, and discusses the role of an historian as public intellectual and commentator.


Headaches are one of the commonest reasons for attending a general practice or a neurology clinic. Some 15% of the UK adult population have migraine, and 80% have episodic tension-type headache from time to time. The lifetime prevalence of headache is 96%, being higher in women than in men. Every day more than 100 000 people are absent from school or work because of migraine, with a cost to the economy that may exceed ?1.5bn (e2.3bn; $2.9bn) a year.'


ABSTRACT Increasing environmental awareness and demanding low energy consumption are of the top priorities for future vehicles manufacturing companies. This can be achieved by reducing wear and friction of engine components, so that its efficiency and lifetime can be increased. Surface treatments and coatings contribute to a better lubrication with oils and can participate significantly in achieving these goals. In this paper, diamond-like carbon (DLC) coating has been incorporated to the vehicle piston rings with different RF powers using magnetron sputtering method. The tribological properties like wear and coefficient of friction have been analysed using Pin-on-Disk tribometer. Micro-hardness and nano-hardness of the coated piston rings were characterized by micro-indentor and nano-indentation processes. Surface microstructure and elemental compositions were observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy. Experimental results demonstrated that the DLC coating shows lower wear and friction under similar operating conditions as compared to uncoated piston rings. Thus, usage of DLC coating has enhanced the engine life time. Silicon interlayer has also been applied between nitrided piston rings and DLC layer in order to have better coating adhesion. The properties of the interlayer are not studied but usage of it is found to protect DLC coating from delamination.


Unyielding rigidity of one thoracic limb due to continuous involuntary muscle spasm was seen as the presenting complaint in two cats and a dog. A distal forelimb injury on the affected limb preceded the development of clinical signs in two animals. No abnormalities were detected in a detailed histological examination of the first case. The continuous localised muscular spasm subsided completely over a prolonged period in the remaining two cases. These findings strongly suggest a diagnosis of local tetanus. The diagnosis and treatment of this rare condition are discussed.


Deviant and criminal behavior in sport remains a significant problem because it threatens the rules, norms and culture that value fairness. The use of performance-enhancing substances (PED), also known as "doping", is generally prohibited in sanctioned sports because they violate this philosophy. While previous research has documented the crucial role that coaches occupy in player's deviancy, there is a lack of theoretical perspectives used to assess the relationship between coaches and athletes in decisions to engage in doping. The present study examines a sample of Iranian sports coaches ( n = 374) using situational action theory and regression models. The results indicate that deviant coaching is a form of moral action that involves an interaction between characteristics of the coach.


In this paper,topographic maps,aerial photos and satellite remote sensing images were used to analyze the changes of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal(Hangzhou Section).The result shows that,through several times of expansion and renovation from 1955 to 2007,the length of the canal was shorten from 21.05 km to 16.23 km,the water area was expanded from 0.76 km2 to 1.03 km2,and the average river width was expanded from 36.10 m to 63.46 m.In canal buffer area(r=2 km),the urban construction area was increased from 31% to 68%,the agricultural land was decreased from 61% to 16%,and the industrial land was increased from 8% to 16%.An analysis of the changes of the industrial land surrounding the canal reveals that industry in Hangzhou has been dependent on the canal.The canal and the Qiantang River re-engineering project has changed the river way of the canal.The distribution of industrial land was changed from 1988 to 2007,although the proportion of the total industrial and mining land area remained 16%.The area near the old river(the abandoned river) was decreased from 2.77 km2 to 0.82 km2,while the area near the new river was increased from 0.74 km2 to 3.38 km2.


Based on the integrativist jus-philosophical paradigm, the law can be characterized as a complex and systemic phenomenon. It can be studied from a variety of perspectives that complement one another. Accordingly, it is important to recognize that the legal phenomenon has a static perspective and another that is dynamic, and a structural and functional dimension. It also is possible to take a causalist approach, combined with one that is finalist in nature, without undermining the coherence of the research. This study looks at the question of legal argumentation by considering precisely this interpretative diversity. It examines argumentation as a three-dimensional progressive activity, a productive discursive task that is sustainable by way of discursive and effective practice, sustaining by way of reasonable discourse, and substantiating by way of justification in the legal field.


prehensive nature of the evidence presented; i n its consideration of contemporary debates regarding politics, society, and the state; and in the precise manner of explaining how and why English men and women came to care about their pasts and examine them through techniques that provided a foundation for the modern critical method. By the beginning of the eighteenth century, those interested in history had moved beyond oral traditions, ballads, and other sources to more reliable evidence. They had access to more and better books, as well as museums and galleries to sate their historical appetites. The past now served multiple purposes ranging from knowledge to entertainment and recreation; however, arguments based solely on appeals to the past had lost much of their force. The Social Circulation qf the Past merits close study by scholars and students as it models meticulous scholarship with a rich narrative. Woolf constructs a compelling argument for an environment in which historical scholarship found avid, interested readers and students of the past to produce a unique historical culture.


Blood groups of ABO, M-N, Rh, Lewis and P systems; serum proteins (albumin, haptoglobin, transferring and ceruloplasmin); haemoglobin; serum alkaline phosphatase and pseudocholinesterase C5+, and red cell acid phosphatase and PGM1 have been studied among the Kaoras, a most backward caste in West Bengal living in the district of 24-Parganas.


Aluminum melt structures play significant roles in process of impurity element eliminations. In order to investigate the aluminum melt structures containing small amount of silicon element, several compositions of aluminum melts were simulated. Molecular dynamics simulation method was employed to investigate the melt structures, concentration profiles and diffusion properties. For purpose of studying structure stability, related calculations were performed by first principles molecular dynamics method. The calculated results suggest that silicon concentration has obvious influence on silicon-silicon radial distribution function; silicon element segregates in local zone in each concentration of aluminum; there is no obvious relationship between silicon concentration and silicon diffusion coefficient; the stable Al-Si phase is formed by substitution lattice point or interstitial space; and position of Fermi energy of the stable structure corresponds to the valley of density of states.


Abstract Pair formation and breeding in many species of waterfowl are separated both temporally and spatially. Most studies of female choice in this group have focused on male characteristics at the time of pairing, with less attention given to how mate choice affects breeding season outcomes. In this study I compared pairing success, male plasma testosterone level and mate-guarding ability of male mallards, Anas platyrhynchos , in two experiments. In the first experiment females and males were group housed with equal sex ratios, thus allowing all of these males to pair. At the same time, an equal number of males was housed in groups without access to females and remained unpaired. In this experiment testosterone levels of paired and unpaired males during autumn (baseline) and spring (breeding) did not differ, indicating that the process of pair formation and breeding does not cause elevated spring testosterone levels in males. However, testosterone did temporarily decrease in paired males during the winter (pair formation) season. In the second experiment groups were male biased, allowing only half of the males to pair. Here paired males had significantly higher testosterone levels than unpaired males during the breeding season, but not during the preceding autumn. Together the results of these experiments indicate that successful pair formation predicts but does not alter male testosterone level during the breeding season. I also found that females paired to males with high levels of testosterone were missing fewer feathers due to forced copulation attempts by nonmates, suggesting that females may choose males based on their mate-guarding abilities. Copyright 2002 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved .


In 2012 TechnipFMC, Cervval and Bureau Veritas initiated a common development program to offer a new tool for the design of offshore structures interacting with ice combining a variety of models and approaches. This numerical tool called Ice-MAS (www.ice-mas.com) is using a multi-agent technology and has the possibility to combine in a common framework multiple phenomena from various natures and heterogeneous scales (i.e. drag, friction, icesheet bending failure, local crushing and rubble stack up). It can simulate the ice loadings of a drifting ice-sheet (including ridge or not) on predefined structures such as conical, cylindrical, sloping & vertical wall, artificial islands or more complex geometry by user input file like semi-submersible floaters with pontoon and columns allowing to obtain the detailed results on the different parts of the structure. This paper presents the overall functionalities of Ice-MAS and the different possibilities to model a semi-submersible floater. It will focus on the results obtained for different geometries subject to ice sheet loading through different incidence angles. The issues related to the anchoring of the platform are addressed in a simplified way. INTRODUCTION Today, most of the current developments located in the Arctic area are fixed facilities, like Gravity Based Structures (GBS) or artificial islands. But, a significant part of nonexploited resources are located in deep-water areas only accessible by floating units. To recover these resources, special attention must be paid to the design of such floating units as Floating Production Units (FPU) or Floating Production Storage and Offloading units (FPSO). The floating units able to operate in such conditions can be classified in two main families: units that remain in place or units that can be disconnected and towed away from the hostile zones. The second family can be a good compromise for waters subject to iceberg drifts as the disconnection is seldom required due to the ice management system selected. But it is clearly not an option for a drifting ice area where the loads and interaction with ice is more or less continuous during the winter season. In this case, the semi-submersible platform is an interesting concept since it has a smaller intersection with the water plane than shipshaped units. Designing offshore structures for Arctic conditions creates a number of challenges related to complex phenomenon of ice failure and interaction with the said structures. The phenomenon of ice interaction with offshore structures of different shapes has been investigated by many scientists using analytical and empirical techniques [1] [2], and numerical methods [3] [4]. These methods are widely used for prediction of ice behavior and ice loads exerted on offshore structures operating in ice-infested waters. Nevertheless, the prediction of ice loads is still a challenge, as ice may fail in different modes or in a combination 1 Copyright © 2017 ASME Proceedings of the ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering OMAE2017 June 25-30, 2017, Trondheim, Norway


Dear Editor In commenting on my editorial, The economics of screening, Dr Herbert tells us nothing of her thoughts on any of the wider issues that I raised. We are left knowing only that she feels it is dangerous to risk litigation, and that she regards an annual sum of £500 000 per average sized health district as 'a short term financial saving'. Personally, I would feel far safer were I to protect myself by calling for 3-yearly screening in Bristol. This would, however, ignore the plight of those patients who would thus be deprived of £500 000 worth of services annually as a result. Our Bristol paper is quoted as showing only that I emphasize the relative lack of effectiveness of cervical screening. In fact, we emphasized the worrying problem of over-diagnosis, inherent in any health screening but particularly a problem in cervical screening. What hope is there for setting a reasonable balance between benefit and harm if the only adverse consequence of screening that pathologists will ever acknowledge is that of the undetected case? Dr Herbert mentions the consistency of the results from case control studies. This is no surprise, however, since the confounding relationship between risk of disease and likelihood of screening holds from study to study. In my editorial, I observed that 'even the testing of teenagers, for a disease that primarily affects elderly women, has proved hard to resist'. Death rates from cervical cancer still show a consistent increase with age. The gradient is now less steep than it was because death rates have dropped substantially in the eldest age groups, most of whom have not participated in the screening programme, whilst they have risen in the younger age groups who have been well screened. This is yet another reminder that screening has only a limited influence on death rates, other factors playing a greater part. One in 10 teenagers has abnormal smears. The death rate from cervical cancer in 20 to 29-year-olds was 12 per million in 1993. In order to benefit one person by the screening of teenagers, tens of thousands must undergo the trauma of an abnormal smear result. This surely is an unacceptable balance between benefit and harm. The Health of the Nation target for incidence of cervical cancer looks likely to be met in Bristol as in Southampton, and nationally the incidence is now falling. It is, however, notoriously difficult to interpret incidence data because of problems with definitions, ascertainment, and recording. Stage at presentation can also be misleading if screening achieves earlier detection but if cancer registration takes no account of subsequent progression. The very process of screening influences these measures irrespective of any true influence on outcome. I remain completely committed to the NHS cervical screening programme, but surely we have a duty to acknowledge the limitations of screening as well as the benefits. It does


Eli No.2 pear cultivar was used as material for studying the effect of bagging on 20,30,40,50 and 60 d after flowering on the fruit quality.The results showed that the thickness and brightness of the fruit skin,SSC/TA and SS/TA were increased and accompanied with less fruit dots per area unit when bagging was done earlier.The average fruit mass,the firm-ness and the content of SSC,SS and TA were decreased,and the fruit would be tasteless.The content of Vitamin C was not changed significantly when bagging was done earlier.It is believed that the most appropriate period for bagging for Eli No.2 pear cultivar was on 30 d to 40 d after flowering.


Economic development strategies centered on the presence of industry clusters have become quite popular with local policy makers. With this in mind, we test whether or not the degree of cluster complementarity in a given urban area does in fact lead to it having a persistent economic advantage over its peers. Using a spatial factor model built on growth accounting principles, we show that this is indeed the case by identifying key agglomeration factors influencing urban growth. However, our results suggest substantial heterogeneity exists in the types of policies that are likely to best support local economies based on their cluster complementarity.


The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of the secondary fluid flow rate through GLHX on a GSHP system with vertical single U-tube type GLHXs. The COP of a GSHP system with large flow rate was lower than it with small flow rate due to large power consumption of ground loop circulating pump. It is suggested that the heat pump unit with high COP and low flow rate through the GLHX have to be selected in order to enhance the performance of the system and reduce the length of GLHX.


Seven series of laboratory experiments were carried out in a re-circulating glass sided tilting flume to investigate the instantaneous nearbed streamwise flow velocities in different duration of constant flowrates. Each series were observed at different time elapsed to represent the flow condition at different time of bed exposures. The instantaneous nearbed streamwise flow velocities were recorded using an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV), which was positioned in such a way the probe could easily traverse the grid points to collect measurements. The experiments suggest that the instantaneous nearbed streamwise flow velocities within the grid varied throughout the constant flowrates with lower range of variations occurred in the shorter tests and wider variations in the longer tests.This means the constant flowrates produced different level of turbulences in a relatively small area even at adjacent points. With a relatively stable standard deviations regardless of the time elapsed of measurement it was also found that the average values of instantaneous nearbed streamwise flow velocities are slightly lower particularly for the shorter time interval between measurements and generally decreased towards the end of each test. This indicates that there was always a spatial variation in the average instantaneous nearbed streamwise velocities throughout the test.


In polar regions, positive feedback of snow and ice albedo can intensify global warming. While recent significant decreases in Arctic surface ice albedo have drawn considerable attention, Antarctic surface albedo variability remains underexplored. Here, satellite albedo product CLARA-A2.1-SAL is first validated and then used to investigate spatial and temporal trends in the summer albedo over the Antarctic from 1982 to 2018, along with their association with Antarctic sea ice changes. The SAL product matches well surface albedo observations from eight stations, suggesting its robust performance in Antarctica. Summer surface albedo averaged over the entire ice sheet shows a downward trend since 1982, albeit not statistically significant. In contrast, a significant upward trend is observed in the sea ice region. Spatially, for ice sheet surface albedo, positive trends occur in the eastern Antarctica Peninsula and the margins of East Antarctica, whereas other regions exhibit negative trends, most prominently in the Ross and Ronne ice shelves. For sea ice albedo, positive trends are observed in the Ross Sea and the Weddell Sea, but negative trends are observed in the Bellingshausen and the Amundsen Seas. Between 2016 and 2018, an unusual decrease in the sea ice extent significantly affected both sea ice and Antarctic ice sheet (AIS) surface albedo changes. However, for the 1982–2015 period, while the effect of sea ice on its own albedo is significant, its impact on ice sheet albedo is less apparent. Air temperature and snow depth also contribute much to sea ice albedo changes. However, on ice sheet surface albedo, the influence of temperature and snow accumulation appears limited.


This paper researches a smart car control system with route memory function.This smart car uses electric sensor to realize path identify,relies on motor to drive the smart car to move,and uses control actuator to control the smart car's direction.This system uses the path memory algorithm to control the smart car,and remembers the information of the path in the first circle as the prime control information for the second circle,which can make the smart car have the ability of estimating the curvature of the path,calculating a best curve speed to make the smart car system more steady and faster.


The hydrogen-bonded NH resonances of Baker's yeast tRNAphe in H20 so- lution with Mg-+ have been measured by a 360 MHz spectrometer at 23 C. To- tally, fifteen peaks and one shoulder can be resolved which represent 25±1 protons. Based on the refined atomic coordinates of the tRNAphe in the or- thorhombic crystal, on the recent advances in the distance dependence of the ring-current magnetic field effects and on the adopted values for the iso- lated hydrogen-bonded NH resonancess a computed spectrum consisting of 23 protons was constructed. A quantitative comparison by computer was made be- tween the computed spectrum and the spectrum simulated from the observed spectrum. These two spectra are closely similar but not identical. We suu- gest that the conformation of yeast tRNAphe in aqueous solution is closely similar but not identical to that found in the crystal, especially in the TfC region and D region. Also the NH resonances in 3-4 proposed hydrogen bonds (most likely for tertiary structure) may exchange very rapidly in aqueous solution.


Lymphocyte apoptosis plays a crucial role in controlling immune responses. On T cells, CD47 plays a dual role, inducing either coactivation or apoptosis events depending on the ligand(s) bound? Here, we identified the BH3- only protein BNIP3, a proapoptotic member of the Bel-2 family, as a novel partner for CD47. Immunofluorescence analysis of CD47 and BNIP3 revealed a partial colocalization of both molecules under basal conditions? After T cell stimulation via CD47, BNIP3 translocates to the mitochondria to induce apoptosis. Interestingly, the apoptotic pathway is independent of caspase activation and cytochrome c release and is accompanied by early mitochondrial dysfunction with suppression of mitochondrial membrane potential. Finally, we showed that thrombospondin is the natural ligand of CD47 able to induce T cell death, provided that it is present in large amounts? This situation is likely encountered during inflammation and in the vicinity of thrombosis. We confirmed this hypothesis in vivo showing that CD47 mice suffer more sever inflammatory evolution than their normal counterparts, a mechanism related to their defect in apoptosis. In conclusion, our work show non conventional death receptors such as CD47 can play a crucial role in T cell apoptosis. This new pathway results in a fast induction of cell death resembling necrosis which is likely to play an important role in lymphocyte regulation at inflammatory sites.


This paper presents the novel low-performance single-phase voltage regulator which has common arm between the AC/DC and DC/AC power converters and adopts appropriate switching strategy, resulting in the reduction of the number of switching devices. Moreover, by introducing the method to replace the method to replace the conventional AC condenser in filter circuit with the new low-cost type using two DC condenser, the whole voltage regulator system can be more compact, simpler and less expensive than conventional ones. The fully digital controller is designed using high speed DSP, and the proposed system is validated through the experimental results.


In this paper we present Pepsy ,an ovelprototyping environment for multi- DS Ps ystems, with the primary goal to support the design and implementation of par- allel digital signal processing (DSP) applications subject to various design constraints. Given a specification of the prototyping problem in the form of an application model, a hardware model and mapping constraints, Pepsy automatically maps and schedules the DSP application onto the multi-processor system and synthesizes the complete code for each processor. A detailed performance model of the parallel application is an integral part of Pepsy. Important performance parameters such as computation and communication times as well as memory consumption can be estimated prior to the implementation. Pepsy not only solves the standard mapping and scheduling problem, but it is also able to explore various important design goals for embedded systems and DSP applications such as minimizing memory and power consumption and enforcing the timeliness of tasks. Two complex case studies demonstrate the feasibility of our prototyping environment.


Under the authority of the Flemish Traffic Centre, a study was carried out to identify road sections that are vulnerable to major incidents. The primary objective of the study was to develop a methodology capable of rapidly scanning a large network for the most vulnerable sections. The methodology builds on a number of vulnerability indicators based on an analysis of the typical stages of an incident. With these indicators, the most important bottlenecks in the network can be selected and subjected to a closer examination. The methodology developed in the project was tested on a study area comprising the network in the corridor between the two large cities of Brussels and Ghent, Belgium. For this network, an analysis of empirical data was performed to gain insight into the extent of the reliability problems on the Flemish road network.


Introduction: Myotonic dystrophy is a genetic condition characterised by skeletal muscle weakness and myotonia. It has numerous cardiac manifestations but aortic stenosis is not recognised to be amongst these. We present a case highlighting the challenges posed by anaesthesia in a patient diagnosed with AS in the context of MD. Description: A 67 year old male with prostate cancer was referred to the anaesthetic preassessment clinic prior to high intensity focal ultrasound treatment. He had previously been diagnosed with myotonic dystrophy but reported an unrestricted exercise tolerance with no significant cardiopulmonary symptoms. Examination revealed a systolic murmur and an ECG showed 1st degree atrioventricular block. Echocardiography showed moderate aortic stenosis (aortic valve area 1.4cm2) with preserved left ventricular function (ejection fraction 65%). After considering the risks associated with myotonic dystrophy and muscle relaxants, and with neuroaxial anaesthesia and aortic stenosis, the procedure was performed under total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) using midazolam, propofol and remifentanil. A slow induction with an initial target controlled infusion of 2μg/ml was performed to reduce haemodynamic lability. The patient remained stable throughout the 2 hour procedure and did not require ionotropic support. He was discharged home the following day after overnight monitoring.


In article the leading researchers, prosecuting are mentioned by subjects of economy of wildlife management, the administrative ecological account, the account and the taxation of nature protection expenses, the accounting ecological account and audit, the reporting. The essence is considered, and problem areas of the ecological account are allocated, the comparative characteristic of the tax, financial, administrative and ecological account is resulted. Problems and tendencies of ecological audit, and also a technique of the account of expenses on nature protection actions are described the purpose. Indicators which are estimated for carrying out of ecological audit of manufactures of the large industrial enterprises are presented.


The history of optical solitons is fascinating and any theory of these has a weakly guiding foundation. Vortex generation and propagation properties have also a beautiful history, and the possibility of generating them together with magnetooptic control in plasmonic metamaterials will be discussed in detail. An emphasis will be placed on the fact that spatial solitons have a lot of application possibilities, especially when placed into the context of materials being used in a light-controlling light environment that is suitable for optical chips of the future. In addition, temporal solitons will also be invoked. An initial emphasis will be placed upon narrow beams and extremely short pulses, but it will be pointed out very strongly that detailed control of light-packets can also be introduced by using plasmonic metamaterials in the optical frequency range. This feature requires an exact study of wave propagation in waveguides that are possibly tapered, or simply just power controlled. To any designs that are proposed can be added the advantage of using magnetooptics. The complicated structures that will be examined will include soliton-like channels near interfaces. Optically linear and nonlinear metamaterials will be discussed in this context. The applications of the outcomes should lead to a new range of optical switching.


In the smart city projects that will "smartize" urban infrastructures, a new access control technology is needed to offer appropriate consumer data to appropriate applications. In this paper, we analyze characteristics and problems of the data access in the service platform for smart public infrastructure and clarify requirements for data access control. Next, we propose a data model and a data access control method that satisfy those requirements. The data model includes access authorization that expresses the contracts between consumer and service provider. In the data access control method, data corresponding to the access authorization is filtered in RDBMS for the performance. Finally, we evaluate the proposed method by implementing a prototype and confirm that the requirements are satisfied.


1-Aryl/alkyl-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles can conveniently be synthesized in one-pot reactions from the corresponding amines by reaction with TMSN 3 and CH(OEt) 3 using the readily available, recyclable, Bronsted acidic ionic liquids [EtNH 3] -[NO 3 ] IL-1 and [PMIM(SO 3 H)][OTf] IL-2 under mild conditions in high yields. Based on comparative reactions, whereas both ILs are excellent promoters, reactions are completed with shorter reaction times and in higher yields with IL-2. Among 24 examples provided, identical products were obtained via the two ILs, except in the case of 2-aminobenzoic acid where tetrazole was formed with IL-2 and 2-ethylquinazolin-4(3H)-one was formed with IL-1. By leaving out TMS-N 3 from the reaction, the in-situ formed CH(OEt) 2 + and Et-C(OEt) 2 + (via their corresponding orthoesters) react under sonication with o-phenylenediamine bearing various substituents, o-aminothiophenol and o-aminophenol to form a wide array of benzazoles (benzimidazole, benzothiazole and benzoxazole) and quinazolin-4(3H)-one in high yields (18 examples). The two ILs reacted differently in reaction with 2-aminobenzamide, whereas quinazolin-4(3H)one was formed with IL-2/CH(OEt) 3 , the "unexpected" N-ethylquinazolin-4(3H)one was isolated with IL-1/CH(OEt) 3 . The latter was also formed from 2-aminobenzoic acid in IL-1/CH(OEt) 3 . Mechanistic implications are addressed. The reported protocols enable rapid assembly of a host of heterocyclic systems in high yields with the added advantage of recycling and reuse of the ILs.


The invention discloses an angle regulator which comprises a driving wheel, a driven wheel and a power device. The driven wheel comprises a first part and a second part which are detachably connected, a circular boss internally provided with a first mounting hole is composed of a first arc-shaped boss of the first part and a second arc-shaped boss of the second part, and the first mounting hole is used for mounting a driving shaft of a seat backrest; the driving wheel is meshed with the driven wheel, and the power device provides powder to the driving wheel. When the angle regulator is used, the power device is mounted on a seat, the driving wheel is connected with the power device, then the first part is mounted to the driving shaft of the seat, and the second part is connected with the first part finally. When the position of the seat needs to be regulated, the power device is started and provides the power to drive the driving wheel to rotate, the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate, then the driving shaft of the seat is driven to rotate, and regulation of the seat is achieved finally. According to the angle regulator, on the condition that the whole set of the seat is not replaced, the seat position is electrically regulated.


Although wearable computers move forward in to the future, it needs a common ground and therefore, needs to keep on with the prototype-oriented research development. On the other side, we have reached a point where it needs to keep its characteristics as a product and to move closer to the consumers. Unlike the wearable computers for military and medical uses, it is easier to add characteristics of fashion which suits the entertainment purposes. Therefore, it is to have a product power with the general public as the target, we can expect it to be the bridgehead of expansion of the market and success in the products. Through the development and commercialization of TPO considered digital wear, a possibility of new expressions in fashion and a possibility of new interface in technology have opened up. A continual effort must be made to develop the next generation PC with high market potential in the consumer's point of view into a next generation PC that has commercial power. In this thesis, the end product of the fashion trend that accommodates technology, within the range of wearable computers, becomes the driving force to combine with digital technology and clothing, are to be called 'digital wear'. With the basis of accommodation of wearable computers and consumer segmentation related study, the thesis proposes a way to have digital wear secure early consumers and expand commodity market


. Climate projections from global circulation models (GCMs) part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) are often employed to study the impact of future climate on ecosystems. However, especially at regional scales, climate projections display large biases in key forcing variables such as temperature and precipitation. These biases have been identified as a major source of uncertainty in carbon cycle projections, hampering predictive capacity. In this studywe examine different methods to reduce uncertainty in simulations of the carbon cycle in Australia arising from biases in climate 5 projections, (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) we (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) open (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) the (cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58)(cid:58) proverbial


The present invention provides an interactive real-time pricing information of power grid based on the load sensitivity method for intelligent distribution, a method of real-time pricing of electricity meter and geographical distribution of one kind and the user load electric properties. Step: Get the distribution automation system network parameter information distribution system; Step: acquiring load prediction data from the second day of load forecasting system; The third step: Step calculated from data read various types of load power demand elasticity value for each time point; fourth step: before the use of the push-back of distribution network flow calculation method, calculation for 24 hours with flow distribution grid; fifth step: calculating distribution network 24 hours each node node sensitivity value; sixth step: calculating a real electricity prices of the nodes; seventh step: release price information in real time electricity distribution network system output to the marketing, comprising various types of loads 24 hours electricity price information. The method can be adjusted according to different regions, different types of users, has a strong adaptability.


Much of the attention on simulation software in recent years has been focused on the modelling of bulk metal forming processes such as forging, rolling and extrusion. However, there are numerous applications for the simulation of sheet forming processes and indeed many pressings suppliers in the automotive industry are more advanced in the use of simulation than their forging counterparts. The type of software most suitable for sheet metal forming depends very much on the activities of the company and even the department. For example, at the part design or sales quotation stage, a quick 'OneStep' simulation can be run in minutes that 'unfolds' the part geometry to predict potential forming problems such as tearing, wrinkling and insufficient strain. Alternatively, toolmakers and stamping departments developing tooling concepts require a detailed incremental simulation where the various processes involved in the press (e.g. closing of tools, drawing, trimming and flanging) can be modelled accurately. Furthermore, there is an increasing need for tooling geometry to be created more quickly than by traditional CAD systems. Software developers have responded by offering rapid die face generation and morphing facilities within the simulation environment. If these issues are combined with the fact that many sheet forming-type processes such as piercing, bending and fastener clamping are best modelled using bulk metal forming software, the choice of software faced by the sheet metal former considering simulation can become very confusing. This paper aims to clarify the types of software available for sheet forming simulation and detail a number of industrial applications. Furthermore, recent developments in simulation, including the growing use of optimisation methods to automatically design tooling, will be discussed.


The adsorption at 90 K of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and benzene on Nin/O0.5/W(110) (with n=1–10) has been studied by thermal desorption, x‐ray photoemission spectroscopy, ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy, low‐energy electron diffraction, and work function measurements. The surfaces are relatively inert to hydrogen adsorption, with estimated quasisaturation uptake being H/W=0.18 for n=1 and increasing to 0.36 for n=10. In contrast, CO and C6H6 adsorb readily on Ni1/O0.5/W(110), with saturation coverages of CO/W=0.85±0.09 and C6H6/W=0.18±0.03, respectively. These values are comparable to coverages obtainable on clean W(110), namely, CO/W=0.70 and C6H6/W=0.18. Coadsorption of Ni and O on W(110) and subsequent annealing to 500–1000 K leads to segregation of Ni and O, with the formation of Ni crystallites largely 〈111〉 oriented along the surface normal. The heights of these Ni ''towers'' can be adjusted by varying the amounts of coadsorbed oxygen and Ni. The Ni crystallites resist sintering, even when a...


Today organizations are active in the dynamic, ambiguous and changing environments. One of the most striking features of the contemporary is changes and developments of dramatic and ongoing that occurs in social, cultural, political, economic and technological conditions (Such as changes In the attitudes, ideology, social values). In the early 1980s, organizational commitment was one of the most important issues that has attracted attention of many researchers and extensive research was done on this subject. In the constantly changing world and today's competitive more companies are seek ways for increase their competitive advantage, one way is move towards improve and service delivery to customers. Thus, companies usually trying to put more facilities for customers and satisfies their needs quickly. But smart and prospective organizations before any action do appeals in their behavior and relationship with their employees and in the first step will satisfy their needs.


The concept of money demand looms large in the formulation and decision making of monetary policy. Thus, it has been the focal point of considerable economic research. This paper surveys some of the more recent research on the demand for money and the policy implications for Asian developing countries. By and large, the error correction model approach is the dominant methodology in most researches but the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach appears to be on the rise. Expectedly, the significant explanatory variables were found to be the income variable as the scale variable and domestic interest rate as the opportunity cost variable. In some cases, additional variables had to be included in the money demand function such as the exchange rate, the inflation rate and some external interest rate. Generally, the demand for money was found to be stable and the money supply can be used as a tool of monetary policy aimed at influencing the macroeconomic variables of the economy.


Abstract. Soil grown oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. var. oleifera M., cv. Darmor) seedlings at the cotyledon stage (one week old), were inoculated in vivo at the base of the hypocotyl with Agrobacterium rhizogenes harbouring the pRi 15834 plasmid. Resulting adventitious root formation was observable about 2 or 3 weeks after infection. Differential Ri-induced root emergence and subsequent development occurred depending on water conditions and closeness of the wounding site to the soil surface: either thin, hairy roots growing rapidly and plagiotropically at the soil level under humid atmosphere, or hairless and fleshy, slowly growing aerial roots developed. The hairy roots were highly drought susceptible, whereas aerial roots revealed some potential for drought tolerance. Unlike normal roots, none of these Ri-induced roots appeared able to give rise to drought rhizogenesis in plants subjected to progressive drought stress. However, under hardening, achieved through successive and moderate drought stress-rehydration cycles, both types of Ri-induced roots improved drought tolerance and could express the morphogenetic differentiation programme leading to the formation of short, tuberized, drought-adapted, roots. These results, discussed in terms of hormonal imbalance and drought tolerance regulation, suggest that the Ri T-DNA gene expression, responsible for adventitious root induction and growth behaviour, is further regulated through the host plant.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a speech information processor and a program that can judge the position and order of an accent with high precision. SOLUTION: The speech information processor comprises a speech information reception section which receives speech information of a word or document as a set of one or more syllables, a fundamental frequency acquisition section which acquires a fundamental frequency from the received speech information, a power information acquisition section which acquires power information as information representing the strength of the speech information from the received speech information, an accent determination section which determines the position or order of a first accent by using the power information that the power information acquisition section acquires, and a processing section which performs processing corresponding to the position or order of the first accent that the accent determination section determines. COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT


"In an age of electronic banking and online college degrees, why hasn't the rest of the nation gone to voting on touchscreen computers? The reason is simple and resonates with the contentious debate that has yet to be resolved after at least 15 years of wrangling over the issue of electronic voting. No one has yet figured out a straightforward method of ensuring that one of the most revered democratic institutions—in this case, electing a U.S. president—can be double checked for fraud, particularly when paperless e-voting systems are used." Scientific American, Jan. 9, 2012


The paper considers the notion of benign mammary dysplasia. The research shows reproductive health of women with benign breast disorders and gynecological disease. It contains characteristic of hormonal changers of women with benign breast disorders and gynecological disease. It reflects the specific features of follow-up such women


The IP storage technology based on iSCSI protocol becomes a hot issue in storage technology research.Introducing RAID technology,the author gives a RAID management software solution.The realization of logical volume management and iSCSI protocol are the key point in the scheme.Through explaining the logical volume in architecture,the author analyses the process of physical volume mapped to logical volume using device mapper mechanism in Linux.Then,the iSCSI protocol is studied.Based on this,an iSCSI target is designed and realized.The system runs in Linux system environment and designs by means of hierarchal module,which assures the least of independent of physical devices.


At present,China's private undergraduate universities are in an important transformation period.On the basis of standing on their own environments,school-running orientation and the characteristics of private-running system,private universities can take the following development strategies into consideration:service competition strategy,industry and research integration strategy and the strategy of leaving something undone.


Results: The mean value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in 34 cases was 27.03% in core needle biopsies and 34.6% in surgically resected specimens. High tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes score was seen in 8 (23.6%) and 11 (32.4%) cases and low to intermediate score was seen in 26 (76.4%) cases and 23 (67.6%) in core needle biopsies and surgically resected specimens respectively. Intermediate and high tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes categories in core needle biopsies accounted for good agreement with surgically resected specimens (60%-intermediate, 87.5 %-high). More than three cores had a better agreement.


Given their diverse phenotypes, mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are often difficult to diagnose. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF‐21) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF‐15) represent promising biomarkers for MD diagnosis. Herein we conducted a meta‐analysis to compare their diagnostic accuracy for MDs.


Objective:To characterize the itraconazole/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodcxtrin(HP-β-CD) inclusion complex. Methods:The inclusion complex was prepared by co-lyophilization, and assessed by the particle size,zeta potential, osmotic pressure, hemolytic potential, phase solubility differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. Results: The particle size was (12.1±1.8) nm, and the osmotic pressure was (611±3) mOsm·L~(-1). The solubility of itraconazole in water significantly increased as the HP-β-CD concentrations were increased, showing an Ap-type phase solubility diagram which revealed that the molar ratio of drug to HP-β-CD was 1:n (n1). The HP-β-CD could result in the erthrocytolysis of rabbits at the concentrations of more than 0. 6 mg·mL~(-1). Conclusion: A significant increase in solubility of itraconazole was achieved by the inclusion complex with HP-β-CD.


Activists around the world have developed practices and are taking distinct measures to resist cyber-surveillance. These range from using code words and taking out mobile phone batteries during meetings to the use of privacy enhancing technologies. This article discusses such measures by providing interviews with activists from a variety of countries, as well as by analyzing documents from German law enforcement agencies in a recent case against activists. These documents reveal that the meta-data produced via mobile telephony is at least as important for law enforcement as the content of the calls. Furthermore, if there is not enough meta-data, law enforcement will produce it to get to know the whereabouts of activists. This article thus argues that a mutual relationship between resistance and surveillance unfolds as one side reacts to the practices of the other: as soon as activists advance in the protection of their contents of telecommunication, the surveilling parties concentrate on meta-data to explore the whereabouts of their targets. To counter this threat only the discontinuation of mobile phone use has been articulated.


This study presents ethnographic findings based on fieldwork conducted on the Crow Indian Reservation in Southeast Montana. Special focus is placed on patterns of informal social control which help preserve a condition of communal harmony among reservation Indians. Aspects of kinship obligation, religion, ceremony, and personality are introduced as strategies influencing early socialization and adherence to rules. Off‐reservation problems of assimilation regarding alcohol abuse and adjustment to non‐Indian judicial systems are discussed.


by Araceli Frias, Ph.D. Washington State University May 2015 Chair: Pamela J. Bettis Scholars estimate that fifty to fifty-seven percent of doctoral students across disciplines do not complete their Ph.D. These rates are troubling given that racial/ethnic minorities and women have been found to be overrepresented in the number of students who leave their doctoral programs. These findings have strong implications for graduate school preparation programs (GSPPs) that are charged with increasing the number of underrepresented students who earn doctoral degrees. Past studies examining the experiences of graduate students of color have found frequent reports of racial/gender microaggressions. The nature of these microaggressions are often intertwined with various facets of academic politics and hostile climates which are related to factors that contribute to doctoral attrition. In discussions to reform doctoral education and improve the experiences of racial/ethnic minorities, researchers recommend targeting the socialization process and agree on the need to be explicit about academic politics and make the insights and success strategies of graduate students of color accessible. I argue that GSPPs are positioned to initiate these recommendations since their students undergo the process of anticipatory socialization. Moreover, I argue that it is


with the extensive application of the computer data processing technology,Accounting Computerization isspreading like a storm. The great development and extensive application of the accounting softwarehad made the accountant free from the heavy manual accounting,and has greatly improved the quality and efficiency of the fiscal job. As one of the best,accounting softwarehas gotten high favor of thelarge and medium- sized enterprises with complex supply chain. Accordingly,there is still a long way to go for the accounting softwareteaching work. In the way of case study,this article has discussed the teaching implementationof the accounting software.


Knowledge and knowledge sharing. Matching knowledge sharing and corporate culture: the role of trust. A real case, Altana: assessing knowledge sharing, trust, and internationalization.


Methyltrioxorhenium is a high efficient organometallic catalyst.It has exhibited amazingly catalytic activities in a variety of organic synthesis reactions.Researches of methyltrioxorhenium systems in ionic liquids were reviewed and the developtment of this catalitic system were described.


There is something fortuitous in Kathleen Petyarre's work 'looking like' abstract art, 'modern art', at the same time as it arises under and gains its celebrity in the genre of 'Indigenous art', which is precisely not modern, as far as the map of the art commodity goes. In James Clifford's schema, the reception of art objects into a culture is defined by whether they contribute to self-image or as images of the other. The latter participate as 'artefacts' and belong to appropriation through the collection under the sign 'to have'. Whereas 'art' works in the mode of the dominant culture's self-definition under the sign of 'to be'.1 That fortuity tells us something important about the creation and reception of art, as it does about the creation and reception of political categories like 'Indigenous', 'feminist', and so on.


Second harmonic generation in Er3+ and Yb3+/Er3+ doped silica fibers has been demonstrated. The maximum peak power conversion efficiencies of fibers with various Er3+ and Yb3+/Er3+ doping have been measured. The visible fluorescence spectra emitted from Er3+ ons have also been recorded before and after the doped fibers were prepared to generate efficient SHG. And the influence of Er3+ and Yb3+/ Er3+ doping on SHG in silica fibers were discussed.


Abstract After reviewing the HI content and distribution in extreme dwarf irregular (dIrr) and dwarf elliptical (dE) galaxies, previous searches for HI in dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies will be discussed. I will report on the recent detections of HI probably associated with the Local Group (LG) dSph Sculptor and dIrr/dSph Phoenix, obtained with the ATCA, along with a similar detection in the Centaurus Group dSph CEN_41. Data obtained for Sculptor, using the Parkes Multibeam system, will also be presented and the advantage of the wide field for such nearby objects will be emphasised. Finally, the possible origin of the gas and the general problem of the missing ISM in dSph galaxies will be discussed.


A compact disc player (1) can be moved vertically relative to a magazine (4) in which a number of discs (5) are held. The magazine may be moved sideways (7) relative to the player for loading and unloading. A light source (7) is used to direct a beam (9) onto the edge of the compact discs and a cone shaped signal is reflected back to be received by a disc shaped photocell (10) that indicates that correct positioning has been obtained. In addition each magazine location is identified by a magnetic label containing coded data.


The discretion of administrative penalty is the important part of the administrative power and the crucial and difficult problem of the rule of law. During the enforcement of administrative law, the discretion of administrative plays an important role and it is more easily abused against the restricted administrative behavior. In fact, the improper use of the discretion of administrative penalty often happens and damages severely to the administrative counterparts' lawful benefits, and spoils the legal order of China .We should rule definitely the standard?way?step and extent of the discretion of administrative penalty from the substantial and procedural view.


A start-up method for shafting (10,14,21,22), the axis system is linked together via a common spindle (21), a turbine, especially a gas turbine (10), the generator ( 22) and a exciter (14), in this way, during the starting process, by using a start-up device, the turbine is raised. As start-up device, by using the exciter (14), thereby simplifying the equipment.


The authors in a study of the effects of pyloric obstruction in rabbits 1 noted a large loss of fixed base as well as of chloride ion into the stomach. Gamble and Ross 2 found sodium in vomited stomach secretions from a dog, following experimental obstruction of the pylorus, to the extent of about one-half the equivalence of the chloride ion loss. The experiments to be here reported were undertaken for the purpose of determining whether or not fixed base is contained to an appreciable extent in gastric juice produced under conditions permitting normal gastric function. So far as we are aware the only published measurements of fixed base in gastric juice are those of Rosemann. 3 These were obtained from two large samples collected from dogs by the "sham feeding" method of Pawlow. The average amount of fixed base found in this "hunger juice" was 20 cc. 0.1 N per 100 cc., and of this approximately 11 cc 0.1 N was sodium and 9 cc. 0.1 N potassium. The chloride ion content of the samples was in average 147 cc. 0.1 N. The secretion of an alkaline juice by the mucosa of the pyloric antrum was noted by early workers and has recently been confirmed by several investigators. 4 , 5 No measurements of fixed base in this secretion have been reported. In this study gastric secretions were obtained from isolated pouches constructed in the fundic and pyloric regions of the stomach. These pouches were provided with external fistulae but were found to retain the secretions entering them until removed by catheterization. In the table are given data obtained from samples of juice withdrawn from a pouch in the fundus at intervals following ingestion of high protein food (meat or fish) and of low protein food (cereal and cream or bread and water).


A five-participant dialogue is constructed using Kollmuss and Agyeman's (2002) model of pro-environmental behaviour, Stern's (2000) coherent theory of environmentally significant behaviour, the Hart and Nolan (1999) and Rickinson (2001) critical reviews of the environmental education research literature and this repondent's views. The dialogue demonstrates how metatheoretical development might selectively sensitize and circumstantially advance the practical aspirations of environmental education.


The realization methods of soft-touch control, without toss tail control and constant tension control during raising and lowering of electric Iooper of hot strip finishing mill are introduced.


The G1 cyclin Cln3 is a key activator of cell-cycle entry in budding yeast. Here we show that Whi3, a negative G1 regulator of Cln3, interacts in vivo with the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdc28 and regulates its localization in the cell. Efficient interaction with Cdc28 depends on an N-terminal domain of Whi3 that is also required for cytoplasmic localization of Cdc28, and for proper regulation of G1 length and filamentous growth. On the other hand, nuclear accumulation of Cdc28 requires the nuclear localization signal of Cln3, which is also found in Whi3 complexes. Both Cln3 and Cdc28 are mainly cytoplasmic during early G1, and become nuclear in late G1. However, Whi3-deficient cells show a distinct nuclear accumulation of Cln3 and Cdc28 already in early G1. We propose that Whi3 constitutes a cytoplasmic retention device for Cln3–Cdc28 complexes, thus defining a key G1 event in yeast cells. The EMBO Journal (2004) 23, 180–190. doi:10.1038/ sj.emboj.7600022; Published online 18 December 2003 Subject Categories: cell cycle


In researches about the impact shift work has on the social and family domains, the effects are more commonly studied from the workers perspective. Bearing this in mind, the present research intends to understand the impacts of shift work on the family and social domains in the perspective of shift workers' children. Nineteen children from shift working parents took part in this research. Data was collected through a semi-structured interview addressing topics such as family time, communication, and school support. In general, the results indicate negative effects (family time, parental education, school support, regular activities, occasional activities, and communication), positive effects (school support, follow-up occasional activities), or no effects perceived in the areas evaluated. The impacts perceived by children in the different areas evaluated are largely dependent on the parents' type of work schedule, flexibility allowed, and the management of working hours (e.g., possibility of exchange shifts or not). 1 Universidade do Minho, Escola de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia Aplicada, Braga, Portugal. 3 Email: firstname.lastname@example.com 2 Trabalho por turnos e vida social Psicol. estud., v. 25, e48999, 2020


Analytic, limited-bandwidth signals, e.g. Gaussian wavepackets, whose frequencies lie in a transparent spectral window far below the resonance of an amplifying atomic medium, can propagate with phase, group, energy and 'signal' velocities (as defined by Sommerfeld and Brillouin) all exceeding the vacuum speed of light c. This 'superluminal' propagation may occur without significant distortion or gain. The front velocity, however, is not superluminal, and therefore Einstein causality is not violated. Applications will be discussed, including the possibility of using superluminal atomic coherence in condensed matter (e.g. macroscopic mass currents in superfluid helium which arise from vortex motions) for efficient gravitational antennae.


We establish sharpness of embedding theorems for Bessel-potential spaces modelled upon Lorentz–Karamata (LK) spaces and we prove the non-compactness of such embeddings. Target spaces in our embeddings are LK spaces. As a consequence of our results, we get growth envelopes of Bessel-potential spaces modelled upon LK spaces.