Subtitle: Failure to pay attention to the product lifecycle -- particularly the end of the lifecycle when sales dip and administrative costs soar -- can have a damaging impact on business performance. What's needed is a structured approach that allows you to analyze product at all stages of the lifecycle for maximum sales and profit potential. The techniques offered here can start you moving on a product lifecycle approach that leaves as little as possible so the table.


OBJECTIVE
Some studies showed specific associations of the Lactase persistence (LP) genotype (CT/TT) with obesity and its related comorbidities. The aim of the present investigation was to describe the association of rs4988235 with metabolic parameters, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2), dairy product consumption in menopausal obese females.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
The study involved a population of 86 menopausal obese females. Measurements of anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, insulin concentration, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile, bone metabolism biomarkers, and prevalence of (DM2) were recorded. The genotype of the Lactase gene polymorphism (rs48988235) was evaluated.

RESULTS
The distribution of the rs48988235 polymorphism was 16.3% (n=14) (CC), 38.4% (n=33) (CT) and 45.3% (n=39) (TT). The allele frequency was C (0.35) and T (0.65). In the recessive model, serum 25-OH Vitamin D, fasting glucose levels, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR were better in CC+CT genotype than TT genotype. In a dominant model, 25-OH Vitamin D, fasting glucose levels, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR were better in CC genotype than CT+TT genotype. In both genetic models, calcium, vitamin D, and milk intakes were higher in T allele carriers. In the dominant model (CT+TT genotype), logistic regression analysis showed an increased risk of hyperglycemia (OR=3.63, 95% CI=1.10-13.26, p=0.03) and prevalence of DM2 (OR=3.93, 95% CI=1.07-14.4, p=0.03), after adjusting by milk intake, BMI, and age. This association remained in recessive model (TT genotype); risk of hyperglycemia (OR=4.26, 95% CI=1.12-16.23, p=0.02) and prevalence of DM2 (OR=5.35, 95% CI=1.12-15.8, p=0.02).

CONCLUSIONS
T allele of rs48988235 variant in Lactase gene is associated with better glucose metabolism and lower risk of DM2 in menopausal obese females. In addition, dietary intakes of milk, calcium, and 25-OH vitamin D were higher too.


I present the mathematics of a new 'Dark Energy Force' in replay with my former 'papers'. The reason is particles that feel small gravity, and anti-particles that maybe feel anti-gravity, and the particle-cosmology I use, with negative mass, never have been exposed experimentally to General Relativity, in order to prove that a real anti-gravity exists. However, the mathematics in my frame work theoretically prove, that only dark matter-mass could have negative mass. This is in contradiction with a new theory of Entropy-Gravity, which theoretically proved gravity is not fundamental, but caused by entropy. My framework is also in contradiction with the Elementary Process theory, which also predicts gravity is not fundamental, but will cause anti-gravity by anti-matter with positive mass. Both these frameworks consider their theory in a Big Bang cosmology. So I replayed my mathematics to highlight again, that a new dark matter-force, embedded in a new cosmology named Double Torus Universe, is the only one that could cause real anti-gravity. My framework is independently developed from institutions and based on two extra-time arrows from below the Planck-scale. Additionally, and for the first time, I used a Feynman-diagram to express this dark matter-force in order to illustrate the existence of real anti-gravity theoretically.


Systems with large neutron populations, such as nuclear reactors, contain so many neutrons that fission chains overlap, and the average behavior of the neutrons is sufficient to describe the system. Systems that are well characterized by their mean behavior may be referred to as deterministic. However, in systems with weak neutron sources and small neutron populations, fission chains do not overlap and the random behavior of the individual neutrons and fission chains is observable in the systems' aggregate behavior. These "stochastic systems" are not well characterized by their average behavior, and thus can only be understood in terms of the distribution of all possible behaviors. For example, even in a static system, the total neutron population may vary wildly as individual fission chains grow or die away. In criticality accidents with weak sources, it is possible that all fission chains terminate, resulting in no harm done, or that some small number of them diverge, causing possible harm to exposed workers. One must therefore characterize the distribution of all possible states of a stochastic system, rather than just the average, in order to fully understand criticality accident scenarios. Analysis of neutron noise in stochastic systems is also important for nuclear material characterization in nonproliferation and safeguards applications. Deterministic equations for characterizing stochastic systems were first developed by Bell [1]. These equations take the form of adjoint transport equations with modified source terms. Deterministic analysis of stochastic systems has been implemented in PARTISN [2] and PANDA [3]. Since the systems being considered are stochastic, it is quite natural to apply the Monte Carlo method to characterize their behavior. Various methods have been implemented in the Mercury code [4-6], a research version of the MCNP code [7], and the Monte Carlo Application ToolKit (MCATK) [8-11]. All of these codes use a variation of the same basic algorithm: the neutrons in individual fission chains are tracked as a collective unit and their stochastic behavior is observed. Typical quantities of interest in stochastic systems are multiplication, probability of initiation, and the statistical moments of distributions describing the system. This work focuses on extending current algorithms for tallying this last quantity. Traditionally, these moments are computed for the distribution of the instantaneous number of neutrons in the system [11,12], and more recently calculations have been extended to compute moments of the cumulative number of fissions in the system [13]. These distributions are often characterized by just their first four statistical moments, and were previously only tallied across the entire simulated phase space. However, the behavior of fission chains in the multiplying region of the problem is not necessarily the same as the behavior of neutrons observed in a nearby detector. The presence of shielding and moderating materials may cause differences in timing between parts of the system or may have a disproportionate effect on the detection of shorter or longer fission chains. Furthermore, correlated sampling moments, such as the Feynman-Y moment, have long been an important part of post-measurement analysis in safeguards and nonproliferation applications [14]. If a connection can be found between the correlated sampling moments and the moments of the stochastic neutron population, it may aid in the characterization of unidentified nuclear material via correlated detection measurements. In seeking this link, it is the distribution of outcomes specifically in the detectors, rather than the overall system, that will be of most interest. For example, one expects that a system with number distributions that feature large tails in detector regions, as indicated by large values of the skewness and kurtosis, will yield a relatively high fraction of correlated vs. single detection events. The increase in correlated detections will be reflected in the correlated sampling moments. In this work, therefore, we present a method for tallying the moments of relevant distributions within specific regions of a stochastic system. Since in many detectors it is either capture or scatter events that generate a signal in the detector, rather than fission, the moments that may be calculated are extended. In a manner analogous to the fission number distribution, we tally the cumulative number of collision events (capture, inelastic scatter, elastic scatter, and (n,xn)) up to any given point in time and within defined regions of interest. We then use that information to generate moments of these cumulative collision distributions. In the next section, we review the existing Monte Carlo methods of computing moments of distributions in stochastic systems before introducing the modifications necessary to tally moments of arbitrary collisions in specified regions. We then apply the method to a contrived test problem and make some initial observations. We conclude with a summary and discussion of future work.


Designing Across Cultures shows designers how to create effective advertisements and designs for other groups by understanding which symbols, images, colours and typography they find most appealing - and which they don't! Freelancers and agencies alike will find this book invaluable! It features examples, case studies, before & after comparisons, and the dos and don'ts of designing for other cultures. Also included are interviews with the heads from some of the leading agencies, providing even more great advice for designers.


Here, the authors propose a spatially weighted super-resolution (SR) algorithm, which takes into consideration the distribution of every information that characterise different image areas. The authors investigate to use a combined spatially weighted regularisation of the bilateral total variation and a second-order term increasing then the robustness of the proposed SR approach with respect to blur and noise degradations. In addition, the authors propose an iterative Bregman iteration algorithm to resolve the obtained optimisation SR problem. As a result, this regularisation is more efficient and easier to implement; moreover, it preserves well the smooth regions of the image and also sharp edges. Using different simulated and real tests, the authors prove the efficiency of the proposed algorithm compared to some SR methods.


Family is the basic cell of social composition and family harmony is related to harmonious society directly.This paper explores the implication of building up family culture and its significance in constructing a harmonious socialist society and emphasizes that pushing forward family virtues building,helping constructing clean and honest politics and kind filial piety cultural advancement are the basic ways to promote a harmonious socialism.


This paper introduces the construction technology of the auger bored cast-with-pressure superfluid concrete pile,analyzes main reasons for quality problems including pipe blockage,pile broken,and steel cage not reaching design standard height and so on,and proposes preventive measures,so as to guide practice.


: This study aims to develop an English Language Electronic teaching material model for five class in elementary schools based on whole language approach. Using the whole language approach, overall language teaching an integral part of four language skills which include reading, speaking, listening and writing. Whole language approach based on the understanding constructivism forms its own knowledge through an active role in learning as a whole or thoroughly and integrated in language skills. This research was conducted at the elementary school in Jakarta. The approach of this research is mixed methods research. The type of research used development by research. There are several stages of the mechanism for planning and compiling an English language teaching material model based on a whole language approach. In this study adapted from the model of Borg and Gall of Dick, Carey and Care. There are four stages in this research, (1) the stage of information gathering which includes a preliminary study and needs analysis, (2) the development of the draft which includes planning and developing the initial form the product, which includes expert testing / validation (expert judgment), one-on-one testing, small group evaluation, field testing, where in each trial a revision of the product developed is possible, and the last (4) finalization stage. The results of this study English language electronic teaching material models for the fifthgrade elementary school based on the Whole language approach can be used properly and correctly in accordance with the needs of elementary school students.


Introduction: We have reported that factor Xa inhibition prevents hypoxia-induced cardiovascular remodeling via protease-activated receptor (PAR) signaling pathway. In patients with pulmonary arter...


Personal privacy issues are relevant to the GIS community. The distribution and dissemination of personal data is greatly facilitated through GIS tools. The use of these tools has been expanded from traditionally geographical operations to applications in geodemographics, and it is particularly in geodemographics where the protection of privacy becomes an issue. This thesis examines existing privacy protection guidelines put forward by international commercial and governmental sectors; the current international position with regards to the protection of privacy is reviewed, and South African legislation pertaining to these issues is explored. On this basis, a set of privacy protection guidelines is developed which can assist GIS managers in South Africa in ensuring that data collection and management do not infringe on personal privacy. Six sets of privacy protection guidelines were examined: the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the European Union, the Information Industry Association of the US, the Individual Reference Services Group of the US, the National Information Infrastructure of the US, and the Information Privacy Principles of Australia. It was found that the OECD guidelines of 1980 had generally been adopted as a privacy protection standard, and therefore guidelines developed after 1980 show guidelines similar to the OECD. The following five issues are all addressed to varying degrees in the reviewed g'uidelines and form a common base: data quality, purpose specification, security safeguards, openness, and individual participation. The law of privacy in South Africa was explored by studying the case law pertaining to privacy. Three constitutional cases and 16 common law cases were reviewed with respect to the legal interpretation of the right to privacy. The legal influences extracted from the cases, firstly, were found to affect data


Objective
To investigate the relationship between resting heart rate after admission and the prognosis of patients with acute phase of cerebral infarction.

Methods
In this study, 200 patients hospitalized for acute cerebral infarction within 48 hours of onset were collected.Resting heart rate was measured for each patient after admission.According to heart rate after admission, patients were divided into <60, 60-69, 70-79, 80-89, and≥90 beats/min group.At 3 months after leaving hospital, we used the modified Rankin score (mRS) to assess the prognosis.mRS ≤2 was divided into favorable prognosis, mRS≥3 was divided into poor prognosis.

Results
Of the 200 cases, 189 cases were completely investigated.Acute cerebral infarction patients of <60 and ≥90 beats/min groups suffered the highest incidence rate of poor prognosis, respectively 20.21% (19/94) and 36.17% (34/94) , while patients of 60~69 group suffered the lowest rate, 10.64% (10/94). The difference was statistically significant (χ2=1.41, P<0.05).

Conclusion
The mRS score is different from admitted resting heart rate of patients with acute cerebral infraction, which could implicate for prognosis.

Key words:
Acute cerebral infarction; Heart rate; Prognosis


Associated fractures of the acetabulum and pelvic ring represent considerable percentage of polytrauma victims. These types of injuries are different from isolated acetabular or pelvic injuries regarding injury severity scores, haemodynamic status, blood transfusion requirements, and higher mortality rates up to 13%. Both Letournel and Matta have definitively shown that anatomic reduction of the fracture is the most influential factor predictive of clinical outcome. The ability of obtaining anatomical reduction is affected by age, fracture pattern, associated injuries, patient general condition, timing to surgery and complications.

 Retrospective cohort study.

 It is a retrospective study among 24 patients performed in Zagazig university hospitals between May 2017 and February 2019. Matta scoring system was used to quantify the radiological outcome of both acetabular and pelvic components while, both Majeed and Merle d'Aubigné were used for clinical grading at the final follow up. Timing to surgery was found to affect the quality of reduction significantly.

 We divided our cases into 2 groups; First group including the patients underwent operative management from day 0 to day 10 which include 18 cases and Second group including the patients underwent operative management from day 11 to day 21 which include 6 cases and we will observe if there is a correlation between the preoperative delay and Matta scoring for both acetabular and pelvic components.
 Among the operatively managed acetabular fracture There was significant association between preoperative delay and Matta scoring system for acetabular component (P<0.05) Among the operatively managed pelvic ring injuries There was significant association between preoperative delay and Matta scoring system for pelvic component (P<0.05).

 The quality of reduction can be controlled by controlling the time to surgery after optimization of the general condition of the patient and controlling the local complications. In our study the earlier to operate on both components within the first 10 days after initial trauma the better to get anatomical reduction.


The 228-m reinforced concrete box arch span of the main bridge of Tianchi Bridge is currently the longest span bridge of its kind in China,whose main arch rings were constructed by the precasting,lifting and erection methods.In this paper,the construction design of the cable lifting and erection for the bridge aided by stay cable suspension system is presented.The presentations in the paper may provide reference for the construction of similar bridge works in the future.


Knowledge of clearwing moths (Sesiidae) has recently increased due to the use of synthetic pheromones. As a result, several monographs on clearwing moths were written over the last 20 years (e. g. Freina 1997, Špatenka et al. 1999) and the Western Palaearctic fauna is well known. The clearwing moths of Central Asia however are still poorly known. As a result of recent expeditions to Central Asia, several species were discovered and described within the last twenty years (Špatenka 1987, Špatenka 1997, Gorbunov 2001, Špatenka & Kallies 2006, Špatenka & Bartsch 2010). Little research on Sesiidae has been done in Tajikistan to date. During two expeditions to this country in 2007 and 2009, a series of a previously undescribed species belonging to the genus Bembecia Hübner, [1819] was collected and is described here.


. Wardini TH, Afifa IN, Esyanti RR, Astutiningsih NT, Pujisiswanto AH. 2023. The potential of invasive species Praxelis clematidea extract as a bioherbicide for Asystasia gangetica. Biodiversitas 24: 4738-4746 . The occurrence of weeds in agriculture directly impacts crop productivity, and the reliance on synthetic herbicides to solve the problem has raised concerns about the increasing environmental damage. Using bioherbicides to control weeds is necessary to reduce the negative impact of synthetic herbicides. Bioactive compounds derived from plants can be utilized to develop eco-friendly herbicides. Praxelis clematidea extract was reported to exhibit allelopathic activity against weeds. This study aims to evaluate the potential of P. clematidea extract as a bioherbicide to control seed germination and seedling growth of Asystasia gangetica weed. P. clematidea water extract was screened for its chemical compounds and determined its phytotoxic effects on Asystasia gangetica . The results showed that P. clematidea water extract contained phenolics, alkaloids, and terpenoids. P. clematidea extract suppressed seed germination, the time needed for seed germination, sprout length, number of leaves, biomass, and total chlorophyll contents. LC 50 values for the seed germination, seedling, root, and shoot growth were calculated at 9%, 25%, 11%, and 37% (v/v), respectively. Thus, P. clematidea could be used as an A. gangetica weed biocontrol agent and might be integrated into weed management programs.


This is an abbreviated version of an affidavit, submitted in the fall of 2010, in support of a petition to grant a posthumous pardon for Joe Arridy, a man with intellectual disability who was executed in Colorado's gas chamber in 1939 at the age of 23. In this affidavit I focus mainly on Arridy's intellectual disability. In another article in this issue (also derived from an affidavit), Robert Perske focuses more on the tainted prosecution and trial as well as evidence for Arridy's innocence. On January 7, 2011, outgoing Colorado governor Bill Ritter, Jr., granted that posthumous pardon, citing both of these factors: the great likelihood that Joe Arridy did not commit the crime for which he was executed and the impact of Arridy's very significant cognitive deficits that affected his ability to receive a fair trial. Readers should be cautioned that I use now-offensive terminology, not because I find it acceptable but to accurately reflect the historical record. I acknowledge my tremendous debt to Robert Perske for bringing this case to light (and helping me understand Joe Arridy) and Denver attorney David Martinez for leading the legal fight to secure this long-overdue pardon.


I have been asked to write a description of the scientific review processes of investigator programs in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Division of Intramural Research (DIR), especially with regard to evaluating the scientific productivity and impact. The DIR is composed of a broad group of investigators working on basic structural biology and cell biology to clinical research within the Clinical Center on the Bethesda Campus and regional hospitals. Investigators are reviewed every four years by an external Board of Scientific Counselors (BSCs) as specified for all National Institutes of Health (NIH) intramural research programs. Each institute accomplishes this task in a slightly different manner. At NHLBI, the review is a Bethesda campus site visit involving BSC members chairing an expert panel of ad hoc experts to evaluate the scientific accomplishments over the last four years and to hear a description of the future direction of the work. Before the visit, the investigator provides an extensive written report on recent work and available resources. At the meeting, the investigator makes a brief presentation before a question and answer session where the strengths and weakness of the program are explored. Any program weakness revealed in the BSC report must be discussed in this open question period. After the site visit, the BSC members working with the information provided by the ad hoc members create a draft report provided to the investigator. The investigator can then write a rebuttal or request a formal meeting with the entire BSC to review the report and finalize the recommendations to the NHLBI director and council. Through this process, an investigator has his or her "day in court" as well as an appeal process.


MS Chisianus E VIII 251 in the Vatican Library contains the oldest copy of Michael Scot's Arabic- Latin translation of Aristotle's De animalibus and Avicenna's commentary to this text, known as the Abbreviatio Avicenne. The codex in question was produced at the court of Frederick II during the period 1225–1250, and this article argues that Scot himself was involved in its production. This conclusion is based on an analysis of three unusual correction techniques encountered in the Abbreviatio Avicenne: the use of a struck-out d to "flag" a mistake; the replacement of a quire with faulty text for one that contained an improved reading; and the filling in of lacunae left behind during the copying of the main text. The revisions executed with these techniques likely represent a combined effort by Scot and a small number of correctors to improve the Abbreviatio Avicenne on a textual level. The revised text was completed before 1232 and was placed in the emperor's library. While it is unlikely that MS 251 conta...


Objective:To explore the effects of sensory integration training on the behaviors and cognition in children with attention deficit hyperactivity sorder(ADHD).Methods:Fifty-two children with ADHD(experimental group)were undergone sensory integration training for 60 times and their behaviors were evaluated with the Conners Parents Symptom Questionnaire(PSQ),and the cognition function was determined with the Combined Raven' s Test(CRT)and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST) before and after the training.Another 52 healthy volunteers were recruited as controls and given the corresponding tests described above for comparison of the results. Results:The scores of conduct disorder,compulsion,hyperactivity and hyperactivity index in children with ADHD were decreased significantly than those of controls after training[(0.60±0.34)vs.(0.68±0.35),(0.92±0.57)vs.(1.25±0.70),(0.82±0.29)vs.(1.08±0.44);P0.05].In addition,the improvement was found in IQ,categories control,and conceptive level as compared with that before the training [such as IQ,(105.37±22.76)vs.(97.37±24.15);P0.001],whereas the scores of response error,response error percentage,first category and persistent errors were decreased after the training [such as response error,(39.40±22.22)vs.(46.60±23.44),P0.001].For the experimental subjects,the scores in the first response number and the persistent errors percentage right after the training were higher compared with the controls [(12.03±5.08)vs.(10.65±0.84),(50.75±18.35)vs.(39.95±15.34);Ps0.05].Conclusion:The sensory integration training can improve the behaviors and cognition in children with ADHD,but it produces fewer effects on some of the executive functions despite clinical symptom relief to a certain extent.


Frame predictive vector quantization is developed to compress the bit rate for coding the LPC filter coefficients to under 250 bits/sec. An innovative LPC compression technique, matrix quantization, is also developed to compress the LPC filter coefficients to a rate under 150 bits/sec. Subjective evaluation with the diagnostic rhyme test (DRT) finds the proposed techniques to be feasible for intelligible speech transmission at bit rates between 400 bits/sec and 200 bits/sec.


Computed virtual models of anatomical structures are proving to be of increasing value in clinical medicine, education and research. With a variety of fields focused on craniofacial and pelvic anatomy there is a need for accurate anatomical models. Recent technological advancements in computer and medical imaging technologies have provided the tools necessary to develop three-dimensional (3D) functional models of human anatomy for use in medicine (surgical planning and education), forensics and engineering (computer-aided design (CAD) and finite element analysis). Traditionally caliper methodologies are used in the quantitative analysis of human anatomy. In order for experts in anatomy and morphometrics to accept a transition to 3D volumetric data, it must be first validated as anatomically accurate. The purpose of this project was to create anatomically accurate models of modern human anatomy through the use of 3D medical imaging, such as multislice computed tomography (CT), and 3D computer modeling and


It is widely believed that robustness (of inferences, measurements, models, phenomena and relationships discovered in empirical investigation etc.) is a Good Thing. However, there are many different notions of robustness. These often differ both in their normative credentials and in the conditions that warrant their deployment. Failure to distinguish among these notions can result in the uncritical transfer of considerations which support one notion to contexts in which another notion is being deployed. This paper surveys several different notions of robustness and tries to identify why (and in what circumstances) each is valuable or appealing. I begin by discussing the notion of robustness addressed in Aldrich's paper (robustness as insensitivity of the results of inference to alternative specifications) and then discuss how this relates to robustness of derivations, robustness of measurement results, and robustness as a mark of casual as opposed to (merely) correlational relationships.


Corporate ethics as a system of values and social norms, existing in a corporation, is represented both in labor activity organization and control methods and in conscious influence on corporation value environment. Corporate codes of conduct are one of the tools here


This book brings together some major economists and economic historians from Europe and the US to assess the theories, and the interpretations of those theories, of Marx, Keynes and Schumpeter. It brings out the complementarity of their general visions of the working and development of the capitalist system, and considers the contribution their work can still make to current economic debates and to the formulation of economic policies. It also attempts a synthesis of their approaches and points the way towards a new historically-orientated dynamic theory of capitalist development.


April's Australian Breeding Value (ABV) release will be first time that the fertility (ABV) will be based on a multi-trait model. Mekonnen Haile Mariam from the DPI Victoria reports on the research behind the development.


The musical output of Charles de Marescot (1790–1842) has never been subjected to close examination. Only a few of his compositions are featured in guitar scholarship, notably his Méthode de guitare, op. 15, and the collection of pieces entitled La Guitaromanie, op. 46. And yet Marescot was rather prolific in his time. This checklist offers, for the first time, a catalogue—albeit incomplete—of all his guitar music published in France and England, offering, if possible, locations and dates for each work.


Two-photon lithography was used to microfabricate hydrogels (see figure) directly in aqueous solution using non-ionic surfactant as a dispersant for large two-photon absorption cross-section hydrophobic chromophores.


The detection of significant levels of halogenated aliphatic contaminants in groundwater resources in the United States has spurred a considerable effort to understand the various mechanisms--both microbiological and abiotic--by which these compounds may be transformed. In aerobic environments, the abiotic reactions that predominate are elimination of hydrogen halide (dehydrohalogenation) and nucleophilic substitution by H{sub 2}O (hydrolysis). Little research has examined the rates and pathways of abiotic reactions that may be significant under hypoxic conditions. The dehalogenation of 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA) and 1,2-dibromoethane (EDB) in phosphate buffer was examined alone, and in phosphate buffer containing hydrogen sulfide. Kinetic runs were conducted at pH 7 over the temperature range from 25 to 87.5 C. Phosphate buffer catalyzed the hydrolysis of both 1,2-SCA and EDB. This catalysis was attributed to the buffer anion HPO4(2-). The rate laws for these transformations exhibit the following form: -d(RX)/dt=(K{sup 1}{sub H}) + K{sub HS{minus}}(HS{sup {minus}}) + K{sub HPO4(2-)}(HPO4(2-))(RX) where RX denotes either 1,2-DCA or EDB, and the rate constants correspond to the overall reactions.


I varied my technical reading a bit more this year, reading and appreciating a few more business books. This change in focus is not unique to me; in the last two years I have read many articles in the trade journals stating that businesses are intently searching for people who possess both computer and business skills. Therefore, to increase your employment options, take the time to learn a few things about the business side of your organization.


The first decade of the 21st century has seen what can best be described as a rollercoaster of labour market fluctuations from deepening talent shortages to a global financial crisis (GFC) threatening the largest shedding of labour since the great depression of the 1930s.
In this context it could be argued that the management of talent is too difficult as there are so many variables to deal with.


The present investigation was conducted in Research Orchard, Division of Fruit Science, SKUAST-Jammu, Udheywalla, Jammu with the aim to study the influence of farm yard manure (FYM), urea and biofertilizer (Azotobacter) on some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of strawberry cv. Chandler. Application of full doze of nitrogen as urea augmented with Azotobacter resulted in the production of maximum number of leaves (20.88), crowns (3.15), total biomass (49.25 g), total number of flowers (29.41) and number of berries (22.62/plant). Highest chlorophyll content in leaves (2.98 mg/100 g fresh weight), fruit volume (16.98 cm−3), specific gravity (0.97), berry set (16.24%) and number of primary roots (28.13) was also observed in this treatment. However, this treatment showed no significant difference with the treatment wherein 25% recommended nitrogen was applied as FYM and 75% N as urea + Azotobacter. The duration of flowering, number of days from flowering to harvesting, root length, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars recorded were 73.94, 29.90, 16.13 cm, 3.57% and 1.10%, respectively, in treatment wherein25%NasFYM+ 75% Nas ureawas appliedalongwith Azotobacter.


A first absorption spectrum and a first emission first light-emitting substance having a spectrum, and the first emission with the second having an emission spectrum with a second absorption spectrum and said second longer wavelength region than the first emission spectrum having a shorter wavelength region than the spectral the present invention relates to an organic light emitting device including an organic light emitting body and it includes a second light-emitting substance.


Succinic acid is widely used in the fields of food,medical and chemical products.This paper mainly introduces the succinic acid-producing strain improvement,metabolic control and optimization,some questions in fermentation and development prospect.


Giving victims a voice – putting our language skills to a different use. We – translators and interpreters – can do more.


The present study examined 1,718 commercial airline pilots' evaluations of the training they received for use of aircraft automation, automated systems on their current aircraft, and their attitudes toward the use and management of automation. Examination of training ratings showed that, overall, roughly one-quarter of pilots felt that initial training did not adequately prepare them for operating their aircraft. Substantial differences in ratings of training efficacy were found across airlines, aircraft types, experience level, and exposure to discretionary opportunities for practice during training. Examination of automated equipment evaluations revealed that ratings of automation usability are related to ratings of training efficacy, implying that any evaluations of automated equipment must take training efficacy into account. Analyses also demonstrated differences across aircraft types on automation usability, quality of troubleshooting and problem solving, and awareness of aircraft energy state; some of these differences seem to be related to differences across aircraft manufacturers and some to differences in automation generation. Finally, analyses of pilots' attitudes toward management of automation showed relationships between the scales and measures of experience, perceptions of company policies regarding automation use, and a measure of respondents' need to avoid uncertain, ambiguous situations. Overall, these results allow identification of some potential threats to safety that reside in the crew-automation interface. They also suggest that crew-automation interaction can be conceptualized from the systems viewpoint – i.e., that crew-automation interaction is determined by multiple factors, including training quality, the automated equipment itself, and the organization's policies and procedures regarding automation use. 1 This report is based on Paul Sheman's doctoral dissertation study of the same title. 2 The present research was supported by FAA Grant 92-G-017, Robert L. Helmreich, Principal Investigator.


The goal of immunotherapy is to eliminate cancer cells through the transfer of ex vivo expanded and activated immune cells. Immune cells such as Dendritic Cells (DCs), Natural Killer (NK) cells, Cytotoxic T-cells, and Cytokine Induced Killer (CIK) cells have been investigated for active immunotherapy against cancer. Besides, the passive transfer of Monoclonal Antibodies has been an effective treatment for some cancers. However, for immunotherapy to become the mainstay of treating various cancers, it is pertinent that encouraging data on the clinical trials are available that clearly demonstrate the importance of immunotherapy in enhancing patient survival rate for different cancers and improving their quality of life. Promising trials evaluating the safety and efficacy of immunotherapy for prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, gastric and colorectal cancers has opened the door to research in oncoimmunology for integrating immunotherapy with conventional cancer treatments.


The abrasion by sand and dust is the main factor of failure of military equipment. Various abrasion modes, such as erosion, abrasion and corrosion were surveyed and a review of erosion was introduced in this paper. Bitter's formula was discussed in detail and validated by experiments. It provides the gist to predict the deterioration for military equipment.


OBJECTIVE: Patients with functional single ventricle show bad survey, most of which result in cardiac failure even in the case that they are operated. The right heart bypass operations except for right atrium and right ventricle connections lack pulsatile pulmonary ventricle system besides the volume lack coming to the common ventricle. To solve the problem, we tried to create a pulmonary ventricle which produces pulsatile pressure experimentally. METHODS: We tried to form a right ventricle system which produces pulsatile pressure. The experimental model was carried on six sheep. The pressures of the created pulmonary ventricle, pulmonary artery and the left ventricle were measured after leaving the cardiopulmonary bypass. RESULTS: The mean of the systolic and diastolic pulmonary artery pressures were 15,6 ± 2.0 mmHg and 4.5 ± 1.5 mmHg. The mean of the left ventricular systolic pressure was mean 76.6 ± 4.4 mmHg. CONCLUSION: A ventricle producing pulsatile pressure is necessary for regulating the pulmonary artery flow with high central venous pressure and low non-pulsatile pulmonary pressure in the anomalies with functional single ventricles.


An analysis was made of factors related to death from coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in diabetic patients. The study included 1, 939 patients (the mean age at entry was 52.8±11.1 years), 1, 200 males and 739 females, with type 2 diabetes mellitus. These patients entered the study between 1960 and 1979 and were followed until the end of 1993. The mean observation perrrriod was 14.9±6.6 years. At the end of the follow-up, 1, 000 patients (51.6%) were alive, 880 (45.4%) had died and 59 (3.0%) had been lost to follow-up. Among the deceased patients, 111 had died of CHD and 128 of CVD. The relationship of risk factors to death from CHD or CVD was analyzed in terms of the mortality rate per 1, 000 person-year and odds ratios (relative risks), as well as multiple logistic regression method. In our univariate analysis, we found that deaths from CHD were related to fasting plasma glucose level, blood pressure, ischemic ECG changes, serum cholesterol level, retinopathy, proteinuria and therapeutic regimen. Deaths from CVD were related to hypertension, proteinuria and therapeutic regimen. However, in subsequent multiple logistic analysis, only systolic blood pressure, ischemic changes in electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, serum cholesterol level and retinopathy remained significant with respect to mortality from CHD, while hypertension and fasting plasma glucose level were significant with respect to CVD, in addition to age. We found a much lower mortality from CHD, even in our diabetic subjects, than has been found in Western countries. Moreover, there seemed to be a substantial difference in terms of risk factors between mortality from CHD and from CVD.


A novel method is presented for the analysis of dielectric waveguides. This method provides four major new contributions: (1) a transformation of variables is introduced that allows propagation constants to be computed directly; (2) H/sub 1/ (curl) tangential vector finite elements are applied to dielectric waveguides to obtain reliable approximate electromagnetic fields; (3) the Lanczos algorithm is modified to solve the required eigenmatrix equation efficiently; and (4) the reaction principle is used to provide a posteriori error estimates for use in adaptive mesh refinement. The method produces reliable solutions and applies to structures that contain both electric and magnetic inhomogeneities. The answers are refined adaptively to generate waveguide eigenmodes to a specified accuracy. Numerical results of an image guide, a microstrip transmission line, and a pedestal-supported stripline are shown. Computed solutions agree very well with previously published results. >


Purpose Radiology is an important facet in the management of child health. Timely recognition of diagnoses on imaging is necessary to enable initiation of appropriate therapies. In this presentation, a wide selection of radiology signs are presented. These are a mixture of common signs which should not be missed, as well as rarer signs which can easily be misinterpreted1. The signs are presented primarily on plain film, although also using other modalities including ultrasound and CT2. The signs are displayed in such a way as to allow the viewer to quiz themselves prior to the answer being revealed. This will aid in future interpretation and understanding of paediatric imaging, for both experienced clinicians and newer trainees alike. Methods Can you differentiate the steeple sign from the silhouette sign? Can you tell a deep sulcus sign from a continuous diaphragm sign? Do you know the scimitar sign from the snowman sign? Can you decide if it's Rigler's sign or football sign? Only after the viewer has had the opportunity to interpret the image, will the answer and explanation be revealed. For each sign, a brief overview of the radiologic features are described, along with the diagnosis and any associations. The clinical relevance of each sign is discussed1,2. Conclusion A varied selection of paediatric radiologic signs are displayed, including neonatology, chest, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, musculoskeletal and neurology. The complete list of signs will not be named in this abstract, to allow the viewer to interact with the presentation, without extensive prior knowledge. After interacting with this pictorial review, the viewer will have an increased understanding of multiple signs in paediatric radiology, which will help improve management of child health. References Arora, R & Kannikeswaran, N. Radiology callbacks to paediatric emergency department and their clinical impact. Pediatr Radiol 2018;48:1526. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-018-4176-y Cogley JR, O'Connor SC, Houshyar R, Al Dulaimy K. Emergent Pediatric US: What Every Radiologist Should Know. Radiographics 2012;32:651–665. https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.323115111


Bai Xianyong's novels are characterized with sentimentalism, which manifests itself through the solitude and melancholy on the part of the author in his novel creation, through the shared sense of crisis under the conflict between the Eastern and Western cultures, and through the author's concern with the fate of his characters. This sentimentalism also finds expression in a life-is-like-a-dream philosophy established in the natural course of events, in nihilism, mysticism and in the sense of destiny. This characteristic is closely related to the author's personal life experience, to the ups and downs of traditional Chinese literature in its long history of development, and to the doctrines of Buddhism.


Objective To review the standardization course of steel drums packaging containers in China since its launch in 1964. Methods The technology contents of the previous published national standards GB 325 or GB / T 325 and the latest GB / T 325. 4 GB / T 325. 5 were analyzed,and the updates and improvements in standardization of steel drums packaging containers were presented,from the aspects such as steel drum type,specification,dimension,roll sealing process and detection technology. Results The development tendency of the steel drums standardization was: on the one hand,the steel drums meet the needs of modern logistics,on the other hand,the safety of dangerous goods packaging is ensured and the situation of green packaging is reflected. Conclusion The development of the steel drums industry needs to face the world,and participate in international communication openly. Standardization work guides the development of the steel drum industry,and we must give full consideration to the international documents.


Max Hattler's short abstract animations demonstrate an awareness of the form's historic 1920's European Abstract Animation precedents, is informed by the structurally focused minimalism of the 60's and re-tools pre-cinema toys. Yet his work speaks to the contemporary technological environment he occupies and experiences directly. His move to Hong Kong and his recent Serial Parallels is also a predictive probe into future media environments. Hattler's digital architectures are designed to make sense of the technological situation of speed and information overload which Vilem Flusser marks as amnesic and Marshall McLuhan identifies as an acoustic space readable through pattern recognition. His practice makes productive use of the flexible and modular qualities of contemporary digital image-making technologies for both production and publication purposes.


Aimed at effectively controlling the sedimentation deformation of ground surface surrounding foundation pit,this paper introduces the application of elastic-plasticity large deformation theory and finite difference theory to model the sedimentation deformation of surrounding ground surface created by excavation of foundation pit supported with pile-anchor in Harbin,and analyze the rules of sedimentation deformation of ground surface nearby foundation pit affected by excavation depth,anchor layer,building space and quantified rang of sedimentation deformation of surrounding ground surface.The results demonstrate that the sedimentation deformation and sedimentation range of ground surface surrounding foundation pit decrease with increase of soil anchor layer,the building not only increases sedimentation deformation of ground surface but also makes the maximum sedimentation zone move to the foundation pit,the effect of distance between building and foundation pit on sedimentation deformation of ground surface is obvious when it is smaller than 1.0 times of design excavation depth of foundation pit,and the effect rang of excavation on surrounding ground surface is within 1.5 times of design excavation depth from foundation pit basically.


Objective
To explore the effects of aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) on the proliferation and apoptosis of HaCaT cells stably expressing human papillomavirus type 16 E7 protein (HaCaT/HPVl6 E7 cells) .

Methods
Cultured HaCaT/HPV16 E7 cells were divided into several groups: blank control group receiving no treatment, ALA group treated with ALA alone, irradiation group irradiated with 630-nm red laser (30 mW/cm2, 12 J/cm2) , ALA-PDT groups pretreated with ALA for 5 hours followed by 630-nm red laser radiation at 4, 8, 12 J/cm2 respectively. CCK8 assay was performed to determine the survival rate of cells at 24 hours after PDT, and flow cytometry and confocal microscopy were conducted to detect cell apoptosis and observe cell morphology respectively at 3 hours.

Results
At 24 hours, the survival rate of cells was 68.98% ± 1.03%, 46.03% ± 2.96% and 23.57% ± 3.83% in the 4-, 8- and 12-J/cm2 ALA-PDT groups respectively, significantly lower than that in the blank control group, ALA group and irradiation group (99.15% ± 0.64%, 98.13% ± 0.83% and 96.85% ± 1.37% respectively, all P< 0. 05). With the increase in radiation dose, cell apoptosis was accelerated with obvious morphological changes and shrinkage of cells in the ALA-PDT groups.

Conclusion
ALA-PDT can inhibit the proliferation, and promote the apoptosis of HPV-infected HaCaT cells in a dose-dependent manner within a certain range of radiation dose.

Key words:
Aminolevulinic acid; Photochemotherapy; Cell proliferation; Apoptosis; Alphapapillomavirus; HPV16 E7


This Paper analyzes the military quality of the students for national defense from several universities in Hunan Province by sample survey.It analyzes the current situation of the students' military quality,the cultivation of the armyman's style and their military skills.The survey shows that most of the students have good basic military theory,but they lack the commanding capacity;They have strong subordinate consciousness and fighting spirit but do not pay enough attention to their appearance.They possess good psychological quality but physical stamina and the ability to organize training.


If traditional transportation vendors want to take the control on the instant dynamic condition about vehicles and vehicle goes, most of them would give responses with wireless communication or cell phones. Then, type data into computers one by one by hand. They not only have to pay the expensive phone bills, but also can't accurately control the vehicle position. Moreover, every month, they have to make statistical analyses of daily operation by hand, which usually causes the personnel cost and raises the high mistaking rates of reports. The paper will explores how to use statistical analyses and data mining techniques on vehicle tracking management. For example, after loading vehicle goes, drivers only need to input shipping orders into vehicle kits and return data through the wireless communication. Transportation vendors and customers can control the instant state of the goods quickly and reduce the personnel cost for typing and checking data. Thus, the vehicle tracking system simplifies the operation processes and raise efficiency and convenience, because the system would automatically check jobs of delivering goods according to schedules and calculate freight charges and drivers' traveling expenses.


Phaseshifts and total cross sections for the elastic scattering of low-energy (0-13.6 eV) electrons by molecular fluorine are presented. The phaseshifts are obtained by an approximate technique based on the weak asymptotic coupling of orbital angular momenta and are calculated solely from the results of a discrete basis set diagonalization of the molecular Hamiltonian. Correlation and polarization effects are not treated. The elastic cross section is dominated by a Sigma u+ shape resonance at about 2.2 eV in the static-exchange model.


This study aimed to present content analysis of seventy-three (73) journals EAN during the period from 1986 to 2012. It was used an analytical methodology through which information about the authors was inquired, their nationality, year, length of articles and especially the type of research study applied. The results of this analysis were used to demonstrate the participation of authors from around the world in the journal articles EAN University of Bogota, Colombia and thus, inquire how many of them were written and edited, making a comparison between the natives authors and editors members of the University. It was concluded that the administrative and humanities subjects have great relevance in the journal as well as the participation of writers from other countries involved in the creation of some articles. Finally, it was known about the benefit that involves the creation of a content analysis of the managerial and entrepreneurial journals of the universities, as pioneers in the development of this research area in Bogota city.


A self-consistent two-dimensional model of polarization switching in polycrystalline ferroelectrics is developed. It accounts for the statistical distribution of the local switching times due to the random spatial field distribution as well as for the feedback effect of the depolarization field changing during the switching process. Thereby the polarization response of each single-crystalline grain is modeled in the spirit of the Kolmogorov-Avrami-Ishibashi model while the electric field in the system is evaluated by a finite-element method at every iteration step. The results exhibit fair agreement with experiments on bulk ferroelectrics.


Most of the existing hydraulic cylinder internal leakage detection methods are laboratory testing methods, mainly the pressure-holding method, measurement of hydraulic cylinder settlement method, and measuring cup measurement method. The internal leakage of the hydraulic cylinder affects the damping characteristics of the control system. Therefore, real-time internal leakage detection plays an important role in the control characteristics. This paper first proposes a wavelet analysis-based extraction of hydraulic cylinder internal leakage fault eigenvalues for analysis, that is, data processing. A convolutional neural network-based detection method is also proposed, in which the pressure signal of a chamber of a hydraulic cylinder is first obtained through simulation under four operating conditions: no leakage, small leakage, medium leakage, and large leakage. Compared to traditional modelling methods, the method overcomes the difficulties in modelling nonlinear hydraulic systems, requires only pressure signal acquisition, is simple and reliable, and is compared with traditional BP neural networks to demonstrate its superiority.


We present a learnable Boolean algebra based network. The learnable network is derived directly from Boolean algebra, e.g., a canonic sum-of-minterms realization of a logic function. However, the conventional back-propagation algorithm cannot be applied to the logical networks whose processing units have logic AND, logic OR operators because the required derivatives are not available. In this paper, we use a pseudo-neuron, a softmin and a softmax functions to develop an algorithm similar to back-propagation, but for the logical AND-OR based networks. It is shown that the networks are capable of learning just like neural networks, and the computational framework of the algorithm is also similar to standard back-propagation, but its hardware implementations are unrivaled in simplicity and speed when applied to a binary-to-binary mapping. Sev eral examples are given which demonstrate its applicability and simulate some biological cytology properties successfully.


We study the energy- and angular-dependence of bulk and surface plasmon losses in low- and intermediate-energy region (< 1000 eV), and investigate the applicability of the quantum Landau formula which can explain overall plasmon loss features accompanied by core level photoemission. As an example, we calculate the Al 2s photoemission in the photoelectron kinetic energy range from 60 to 1000 eV measured at normal to the surface and at small take-off angles (10° and 30°). For the normal emission the quantum Landau formula gives quite similar results to those without the high-enegy approximation even at 60 eV. On the other hand we observe the considerably large difference at the grazing angle emission (10°). Even at 30° we can safely apply the quantum Landau formula for the plasmon analyses above 250 eV. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2012.145]


Static analyzers have become increasingly popular both as developer tools and as subjects of empirical studies. Whereas static analysis tools exist for disparate programming languages, the bulk of the empirical research has focused on the popular Java programming language. In this paper, we investigate to what extent some known results about using static analyzers for Java change when considering C#-another popular object-oriented language. To this end, we combine two replications of previous Java studies. First, we study which static analysis tools are most widely used among C# developers, and which warnings are more commonly reported by these tools on open-source C# projects. Second, we develop and empirically evaluate EagleRepair: a technique to automatically fix code in response to static analysis warnings; this is a replication of our previous work for Java [20]. Our replication indicates, among other things, that 1) static code analysis is fairly popular among C# developers too; 2) Re-Sharper is the most widely used static analyzer for C#; 3) several static analysis rules are commonly violated in both Java and C# projects; 4) automatically generating fixes to static code analysis warnings with good precision is feasible in C#. The EagleRepair tool developed for this research is available as open source.


Summary. High serum Mucin‐1 (sMUC‐1) levels have been shown in patients with adenocarcinoma and multiple myeloma (MM). We evaluated sMUC‐1 levels in 76 patients with MM, 6 with plasma cells leukaemia (PCL) and 89 with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, to establish prevalence data and verify its possible prognostic role. Of the 171 patients, 27 [16%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 10–21%] had high sMUC‐1 levels compared with healthy subjects (1·5%; 95% CI: 0–4%). Elevated sMUC‐1 levels in MM and PCL patients correlated with anaemia and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase levels; these patients showed a shorter survival than those with normal sMUC‐1 levels (median overall survival: 25 vs. 49 months, P = 0·003).


We declare that we are living in the quantum 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time with the force-fields gauge-group structure $SU_c(3) \times SU_L(2) \times U(1) \times SU_f(3)$ built-in from the very beginning. From this overall background, we see the lepton world, which has the symmetry characterized by $SU_L(2) \times U(1) \times SU_f(3)$ - the lepton world is also called "the atomic world". From the overall background, we also see the quark world, which experiences the well-known $(123)$ symmetry, i.e., $SU_c(3) \times SU_L((2) \times U(1)$. The quark world is also called "the nuclear world".
The $3^\circ\,K$ cosmic microwave background (CMB) in our Universe provides the evidence of that "the force-fields gauge-group structure was built-in from the very beginning". The CMB is almost uniform, to the level of one part in $10^5$, reflecting the massless of the photons.
The lepton world is dimensionless in the 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time. That is, all couplings are dimensionless. The quark world is also dimensionless in the 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time. Apart from the "ignition" term, the gauge and Higgs sector, i.e., the overall background, is also dimensionless. Thus, apart the "ignition" term, our world as a whole is dimensionless in the 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time - that is, it is the characteristic of the quantum 4-dimensional Minkowski space-time.


Abstract Ellen Greenblatt's (2010) Serving LGBTIQ Library and Archives Users: Essays on Outreach, Service, Collections, and Access extends previous work on ways to make libraries and archives more inclusive and friendly places. This edited collection provides deeper understanding of how libraries and archives engage lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, and queer/questioning (LGBTIQ) resources and related research services and new directions for this engagement in the 21st century.


We give sufficient conditions for the solvability of forced, strongly coupled nonlinear vector Lienard equations. These conditions guarantee the existence of periodic solutions for any forcing term. They include sublinear as well as superlinear nonlinearities. They do not require the symmetry of the restoring term. The method of proof makes use of Leray-Schauder degree.


ABSTRACT This paper aims at reconstructing the possible sources used by the scribe Sharruwa to write the section of the Autobiography of Idrimi de-voted to his early years. Parallel stories attested in other Ancient Near Eastern texts (David and his brigands, the Egyptian story of the Doomed Prince) sug-gest the existence of longer folk versions on the young Idrimi which were summarized by Sharruwa and included in the Autobiography.


The induction of interferon pathway (IFN) type I (IFN
-
α
and
-
β
) is crucial for a protective
response against viral infections. However,
emergent research has
shown that
type I IFNs and
cytoplasmic DNA
signaling ar
e negative regulators of the
protective response against
infection by in
tracellular bacteria, such as
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
, and provide a
favorable niche for mycobacterial replication.
Recently,
using an approach of global gene
expression by microar
r
ay, our group showed that
Schwann cells infection with
Mycobacterium leprae
induced
genes activated by IFN type I,
highlighting
the OASL gene,
which encodes
the
2 '5' oligoadenylate synthetase like
protein. In the present
work
, these
results were extended and validated using the
THP
-
1
-
derived macrophages
m
odel
. Our data
demonstrate that
OASL and type I IFN pathway
was
upregulated
by
M. leprae
, but not
M.
bovis
BCG or dead
M.
leprae
,
in
macrophage
-
like THP
-
1
infected
cells.
In addition,
M. leprae
DNA
transfection but not RNA,
was able to
induce OASL
production
. In our model,
M.
leprae
infection
was not able to induce IFN
-
α
and
OASL was not induced by CpG,
therefore
excluding
a
TLR9
dependent
pathway.
Furthermore, we show evid
ence of fagossomal
permeabilization
mediated
by
mycobacterial virulence factor ESAT
-
6,
which enables access
of contents of the phagosome to host cytoplasm and subsequent induction of IFN
-
β.
Pharmacological blockag
e of TBK1 was able to inhibit
M. leprae
-
ind
uced OASL mRNA
expression,
indicating thereby that the IFN
-
β
induction and its downstream genes, such as
OASL
occur
through the STING/TBK1/IRF3
pathway
. Interestingly,
OASL
targeted silencing
directly decreased intracellular
M. leprae
survival and
impaired the
CCL2/MCP
-
1 secretion.
Furthermore,
M. leprae
DNA transfection
followed by infection with
M. bovis
BCG has
reverted
the avirulent
infection
phenotype of this mycobacteria, increasing its intracellular
viability and inducing high levels of CCL2/
MCP
-
1.
Together
, these results suggest that OASL
plays an important role in the response to mycobacteria and provide a potential
pharmacological target for prevention or intervention


Published manuscripts about cereals have been increasing in numbers over the last 20 years by an average of 160 manuscripts per year [...]


Summary The precision of the Orange G dye binding method has been increased by a new method for measuring the concentration of dye not bound by the milk proteins. The results of 345 comparisons of protein determined by the new method with that determined by the macro-Kjeldahl showed a correlation coefficient of .98, with a standard deviation from regression of 0.078% protein. When the protein contents of the milk from individual cows of six different breeds were determined by the two methods, covariance analysis showed no significant breed difference. From 224 duplicate determinations it was observed that 19 out of every 20 single determinations fell within 0.06% protein of the average for duplicate readings. Large variations in the amounts of butterfat and lactose were found to be without effect on the protein values determined by dye binding. The only preservative found suitable for use in raw milk at room temperature was mercuric chloride. The mixture of 1.5ml. of milk with 25ml. of dye solution was stable for 2 wk. at room temperature.


This study examines a dataset (APP-x) that has not been considered in such detailed analysis in the past. The authors examine spatio-temporal trends in absorbed shortwave energy (and other parameters) for a time period (1982-2015) during which the Arctic land-ice-ocean system underwent major changes. The study is an original and timely contribution that is of particular value because it compares changes over land with those over the oceans, and evaluates the magnitude of trends (and indirectly, feedbacks) in detail. The paper is brief and conveys a number of key points in a small space, which is both a strength and a weakness. In regards to the latter, some of the discussion of underlying causes is too simplistic at best. Other parts of the paper would also benefit from a more in-depth, nuanced discussion. Both of these issues


A combined theoretical and experimental investigation has been carried out on the effects of certain types of local axisymmetric imperfections on the buckling of cylindrical shells un der axial compression. Buckling loads have been calculated for a variety of "dimple" imper fections. Results have been obtained for constant thickness shells with middle surface variations from the geometry of a perfect cylinder as well as for shells with local axisymmetric thickness variations. Nonlinear prebuckling elrects and edge conditions are taken into ac count. In the experimental program a series of seven photoelastic plastic circular cylindrical shells each containing a local axisymmetric dimple centered at mid-length were tested under pure axial compression. All cylinders were constructed by the spin-casting technique and the local imperfection was cut on both the inner aud outer walls using a hydraulic tracer-tool apparatus in conjuuction with a metal template. A broad range of imperfection amplitudes and wavelengths was investigated. The experimental results were in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.


This paper presents the application of wilcoxon machines learning technique for artificial neural network in channel equalization application. The equalizer mitigates the effect of co-channel interference, inter-symbol interference in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The performance of this proposed Multilayer Perceptron Network equalizer trained with wilcoxon learning has been compared with Linear equalizer trained with recursive-least-squares algorithm and MLP equalizer with back-propagation algorithm. The Performance shows superiority of Wilcoxon Learning Multilayer Perceptron Network equalizer over back-propagation Multilayer Perceptron Network equalizer.


A multi channel data transmission card has been designed and implemented using synchronous optical transmission technique. This card uses VME bus interface, supports simplex and full duplex operation modes. The throughput of each channel is 2.5 Gbps. A pair of optical fiber is used as transmission media for each full duplex channel, it is functionally equal to a 96 core wire cable. Using this card, virtual ribbon function can be achieved and reliable data transmission can be assured in high electro magnetic interference environments.


Introduction: The reported 12 months prevalence of low back pain in nurses ranges from 43 to 76 . In most researches physical factors were only a part of high prevalence of low back pain in nurses. This study was conducted to determine the association between occupational stress and low back pain in nurses. Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, 80 nurses as case group and 80 nurses as control group were selected via convenience sampling. Case group were defined as those subjects who had experienced low back pain in the last 12 months. Control group were defined as those subjects who had not experienced low back pain in the last 12 months. A questionnaire was used for data collection which consistsed of 3 sections: demographic information, history of low back pain and occupational stress. Data was analyzed using paired T, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square tests, correlation coefficient and one way ANOVA Results: Results indicated that, there was an association between low back pain and occupational stress (p<0/01).Also an association existed between low back pain and working hours per month (p<0/05). Statistical tests showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, gender, marital status, number of childbirth, number of pregnancy, smoking, sport, work shift, number of years spent in the hospital (nursing experience). Conclusion: Results indicated that occupational stress in case group was more than control group. Since there was not any significant difference between other factors and low back pain, it can be concluded that there is an association between low back pain and occupational stress.


Transcritical flow is a term intended to denote the existence of both supercritical and subcritical flows within a computational domain. The major problems that need to be addressed while modeling transcritical flows include handling the differing features of signal propagation in subcritical and supercritical flow regions and maintaining conservation. The present study proposes the implicit ENO method as a high-resolution scheme for transcritical flow. This implicit ENO scheme is based on the ENO method, a new class of uniformly high-order-accurate essentially non-oscillatory implicit scheme, which has the advantage of unconditional stability. The implicit ENO scheme has not been used for the transcritical flow in open channel until now. As a result of application to the hypothetical dam-break flow, the implicit ENO scheme was ploved to produce accurate results with good robustness even though in the case of verb strong shock wave.


The interpretation of field load tests on rigid poles embedded in cohesionless soils is considered. The ultimate load is not easily assessed from the results of field tests as the pole is not usually loaded to complete failure. It is proposed that the load-displacement and moment-rotation curves are a pair of hyperbolae. Best fit curves are fitted through the observed data and from these the ultimate lateral load can be inferred and the strength properties of the ground assessed. Examples of the procedures are included.


The major problem in this movie is how the society in England behaves
toward the war between his country and Ireland. The objectives of the study are to
analyze the structural elements of the movie and to identity the relation between
the movie and social realities of the England in the late of twentieth century until
early of twenty first century.
The object of research paper is Tristan and Isolde movie. This study
belongs to qualitative research. In this method, the researcher uses the data source:
primary data and secondary data source. The primary data source is Tristan and
Isolde movie, meanwhile the secondary data source is some references related to
the research by picking up either from books and internets. The method of
collecting data is done through documentation or library research. The Technique
of data analysis are taking note the data, arranging the data, describing the data
based on sociology theory.
Based on the analysis, the writer draws conclusion. Tristan and Isolde
movie explains that the people in the movie are willing to sacrifice their own
interest for the sake of their kingdom. The main character, Tristan shows the act
of Patriotism. He is willing to leave his girl friend, Isolde, to fight against the
enemy of his country. There is a correlation between the underlying theory, the
social historical background of England society, and also the structural element of
the movie.


This paper present the relationships between long-term solar activities and sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over Indonesian regions. Analysis on the relatioships between these parameters is carried out by using wavelet-base analysis techniques and correlation analysis. The wavalet Transform-base analysis (WWZ) for SST anomaly time series are gouped for overall Indonesian SST (SSTI), Western Indonesia SST (SST KIB), Middel Indonesian (SST KITeng) and Eastern Indonesian SST (SST KIT). And also grouped by season, dry season (JJA) and wet season (DJF) during the period of 1860-2005. The WWZ result for SST anomaly time series over Indonesia show some long period main signals with periods of 83 year, (50, 33, 25) year, (9-13) year which are suspected to be associated with solar activity sycles of 80-110 year (Gleissberg cycle), 50 year (interdecadal cycle), 22 year (cycle Hale) and 11-year of solar activity. There are also appear some signals with shorter periods of (3-7) year, (1.5-2.7) year, and (0.5-1) year which are suspected to be associated with ENSO, QBO, and seasonal / annual effects, respectively. From the result of long-term correlation analysis between solar activities with solar cycle length indicator and the 11 and 22 year running moving average Indonesian SST anomalies show good correlation for all data group. While the SST over KIT shows a negative correlation, but during of 1950-2005 shows s positive correlation.


- The construction method according to the invention of a station (1) high-voltage air-insulated comprises: . making a transportable self-supporting frame, . that, prior to transporting the chassis on a site, the installation of equipment provided on the frame to them. electrical connection and testing of equipment mounted . carry such a preassembled frame on the construction job site, . position the frame on a specific area of the site, . and build around the frame, a shield building (9).


Objective To identify and analyze one strain of Pseudomonas fluorescence obtained from the sample of bile. Methods\ The bacteriological methods, such as bacteria culture, histological and biochemical analyses, and ATB Expression identification, were used for identification.\ Results\ The biological and biochemical features of Pseudomonas fluorescence were in accord with the results reported in literatures. \ Conclusion\ The strain of the Pseudomonas obtained from the bile was Pseudomonas fluorescence.


Guar or Clusterbeans (Cyamposis tetragonaloba) is a leguminous crop which can be successfully grown as green manure in gardenlands. The crop grows quickly putting up luxuriant growth and can be incorporated into the soil in 60 days. The plants are succulent at this stage and decompose readily in the soil. This being a leguminous crop, the fixation of atmosphoric nitrogen in its root nodules also contributes to the soil fertility. Compared to other green manure crops, Quar has a distinct advantage in that it provides an additional income to the farmer in the shape of vegetable pods that could be harvested before the crop is used as green manure. Previous studies conducted at the Millets Breeding Station, Coimbatore indicate that an extra income of Rs. 39/- per acre is obtainable from the crop by sale of pods picked before ploughing it in situ. Further studies on the optimum seed rate and selection of the most economic type of Clusterbeans as a green manure, crop were continued during 1959, at the Millets Breeding Station, Coimbatore and the results are presented in this paper.


Dual-band dual-polarized proximity fed patch antenna for 28 GHz/39 GHz 5G millimeter-wave communications is proposed. A proximity fed square ring and a square patch were stacked and optimized for dual resonances at 28 GHz and 39 GHz. Two microstrip lines placed orthogonally to each other were used to generate the dual polarization. The simulated -10-dB S11 bandwidth was 400MHz (27.88–28.28 GHz) in 28 GHz band and 720 MHz (38.56–39.28 GHz) in 39 GHz band. The proposed antenna showed good radiation performances with low cross polarization level in both frequency bands. The sufficient isolation between the input ports 1 and 2 makes the consistent radiation performances with varying polarization mode in both 28 GHz and 39 GHz bands.


A control device for displaying the menu generated based on the task is started. The present control device is a control unit for when the task performs input unit for receiving a user command, and, to be carried out through the input parts of a task is selected, it generates a menu list, showing a menu comprising this device each to be involved in performing the selected task, . Accordingly, it is possible the user to provide the convenience in performing the desired task. Tasks (Task), the profile (Profile), the home network


Time-domain noise analysis techniques such as the Rossi-[alpha], the variance-to-mean, and the interval-distribution methods can be used to measure fundamental reactor parameters in a wise variety of reactor systems, provided the power level of the system is not too high. Simple expressions have been derived that define the maximum power level (i.e., the reactor noise threshold) above which time-domain reactor noise techniques are likely to fail in subcritical, critical, and supercritical systems.


The power analysis of three-phase four-wire shunt active power filter (APF) under unbalanced main voltages is described in this paper. To operate properly, a current compensator must fulfill the power equilibrium. By decomposing the current ...


The concept of project risk is introduced and di scussed from two aspects: feature and origin. The potential risks faced by parti cipators in construction process are analyzed. In the end author emphasized that project risk management should be strengthened.


The percentages of positive cultures of mycobacteria obtained from sputum, bronchial-aspirate and urine treated with 0.2% Bactofen and with 0.5% Desogen were compared. Respiratory materials gave significantly higher values of these percentages when treated with Bactofen. Urine showed opposite results but these were not statistically significant. Isolates of MOTT too were more frequent in specimens decontaminated with Bactofen. Contamination rate showed no modifications.


In the January- March 1991 issue of Vikalpa, a panel of experts had diagnosed the case titled "BELHRD& lR Interventions." In this new feature titled 'Reactions' we are publishing S Prabhala's comments on the diagnoses of various experts.


Comparing the origin background and developing to "CuJu" and modern football,from subconscious influence of CuJu to China football,analyze China football player lower applying technology ability and competition ability.China football must make clear right football theory and accelerate developing of China football.


A specific method for the determination of bromine and iodine species in drinking water was developed by using high performance liquid chromatography‐ICP‐MS. An ICS‐A23 ion chromatography column was chosen for the separation of species, with the mobile phase being 0.03 mol l−1 ammonium carbonate at a flow rate of 0.8 ml min−1. The detection limits for BrO3−, Br−, IO3− and I− were 0.032, 0.063, 0.008 and 0.012 μg l−1, respectively. Spectroscopic interferences were only observed in blank samples and mainly resulted from the argon‐potassium polyatomic ion (40Ar39K+). However, this interference was negligible because of the elution and complete separation from that of iodinate under optimised conditions. The method developed was successfully applied to twenty‐two samples of drinking water obtained from a supermarket. Results indicated that 36.4% of the samples had BrO3− concentrations exceeding the Chinese national limit for drinking water of 10 μg l−1.


Given a probability space, we will analyze the uncertainty, that is, the amount of information of a finite system, by studying the entropy of the system. We also extend the concept of entropy to a dynamical system by introducing a measure preserving transformation on a probability space. After showing some theorems and applications of entropy theory, we study the concept of ergodicity, which helps us to further analyze the information of the system.


Abstract:Although some Middle Eastern countries, such as Saudi Arabia and Turkey, have tried to influence developments in Afghanistan from time to time, Iran—due to a long common history, geographic proximity, and cultural similarities—is by far Afghanistan's most important neighbor. In this article I seek to demonstrate that Iran, contrary to its image and often even more consistently than pro-Western countries such as Saudi Arabia and Turkey, has since 1979 acted in favor of an independent, centrally and moderately governed Afghanistan. Therefore, Iran will probably also be a stabilizing factor rather than a spoiler in every post-International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) scenario in Kabul.


PURPOSE:To remove an exposed amount contributing to the exposure from the close-in lithographing portion and to perform the highly-accurate and fine lithography by executing the pulse-width modulation of an electron beam, obtaining the product of the result and a signal specifying the position of a desired pattern, and giving on-off modulation to the electron beam. CONSTITUTION:An analog signal which controls the exposing amount is generated 9, and compared 8 with a saw-tooth reference voltage 12, and pulse-width modulation is performed. An electron-beam on-and-off signal which specifies the position of a desired pattern is generated 13, and is multiplied 7 by a modulating signal, thereafter the result is shaped up to obtain an exposing-amount-control signal which can be used for lithography. The signal is input to a blanking circuit 6, and the electron beam 2 is turned on and off by a blanking plate 5. In this case, controlling is performed by a computer 11 via an interface 10 so that the exposing amount E (x,y) at the position (x,y) is larger than the critical-sensitivity-amount of electrons Es of a resist at the lithographing position, and is small at the other portion. In this constitution, the close-in effect is compensated, and highly accurate and fine lithography can be achieved.


In order to decrease the shrinkage of cement-stabilized macadam,it is proposed that appropriate expansion agent was added to cement-stabilized aggregate,its close-grained degree could be improved and its shrinkage could be decreased when the micro-expansion of expansion agent came into being.Test result show that adding expansion agent can make specimens expand during curing period,which compensates the dry shrinkage deformation effectively in dry environment;when appropriate expansion agent is added to cement stabilized macadam,the deformation of mixture in dry and humid environment is small,and the mixture characterizes with very good dimensional stability and bending strength.


Supernova generated shock waves are responsible for most of the destruction of dust grains in the interstellar medium (ISM). Calculations of the dust destruction timescale have so far been carried out using plane parallel steady shocks, however, that approximation breaks down when the destruction timescale becomes longer than that for the evolution of the supernova remnant (SNR) shock. In this paper we present new calculations of grain destruction in evolving, radiative SNRs. To facilitate comparison with the previous study by Jones et al., we adopt the same dust properties as in that paper. We find that the efficiencies of grain destruction are most divergent from those for a steady shock when the thermal history of a shocked gas parcel in the SNR differs significantly from that behind a steady shock. This occurs in shocks with velocities ≳200 km s−1 for which the remnant is just beginning to go radiative. Assuming SNRs evolve in a warm phase dominated ISM, we find dust destruction timescales are increased by a factor of ∼2 compared to those of Jones et al., who assumed a hot gas dominated ISM. Recent estimates of supernova rates and ISM mass lead to another factor of ∼3 increase in the destruction timescales, resulting in a silicate grain destruction timescale of ∼2–3 Gyr. These increases, while not able to resolve the problem of the discrepant timescales for silicate grain destruction and creation, are an important step toward understanding the origin and evolution of dust in the ISM.


or some time now, I have been talking to practitioners about corporal punishment in schools, especially middle and high schools. Practitioner responses to my questions about the legal status of paddling and other physical discipline in their states have fallen into two categories: surprise that I would ask about the subject as if practices such as paddling still existed anywhere, and surprise that I would ask about the topic as if paddling weren't common in every school in the country. Most teachers appear to assume that the status of corporal punishment in their own school or state is a national standard-a perception that is far from contemporary reality. The following quiz will help readers determine the reliability of their own perceptions relating to this topic.


Objectives The main objective of this prospective study was to clarify the therapeutic efficacy and tolerance of duplex-guided polidocanol foam injection in the treatment of low-flow venous malformations (LFVM), residual symptomatic hemangiomas after medical treatment, and Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) performed at Vascular Surgery Department at Zagazig University Hospitals. Patients and methods This prospective study included 36 patients divided into three groups: 17 cases with LFVM, 11 cases with vascular tumors (hemangiomas), and eight cases with KTS. All cases were treated by duplex-guided polidocanol foam sclerotherapy. Results The study included 20 (56%) males. The mean age of the patients was 15.19 years. The final outcome was good response regarding the decrease in size and symptoms in 13 cases of LFVM, six cases of hemangiomas, and six cases of KTS. The remaining four cases of LFVM, five cases of hemangiomas, and two cases of KTS had fair or poor results after sclerotherapy (unfavorable outcome), for which surgical excision was done. There was no statistically significant difference among the three different types of patients regarding outcome or occurrence of complications. Conclusion Duplex-guided polidocanol foam sclerotherapy is easy to perform and is a safe procedure that provides excellent outcome for venous malformations and good outcome for infantile hemangiomas and KTS.


Commentary Imagine three different scenarios. One: Your rodent model of epilepsy is coming through the latent period and the first spontaneous seizure pops up. One hour after having the seizure recorded on video and EEG with techniques currently available, the entire brain is processed immunohistochemically for the presence of immediate early genes (IEG), and the images are compared to the brain atlas to determine site(s) of either seizure origin or control. Two: The experimental (epilepsy) condition you are studying is responsive to brain stimulation. You just need to determine the best set of the brain areas to be activated by the stimulation. Again, IEG immunohistochemistry in the whole brain can provide the answers. Three: In your epilepsy model mouse, the expression of epilepsy markers changes developmentally. Where and how? Immunohistochemistry for those markers done in the whole brain through postnatal development can be the solution. Both basic and translational scientists repeatedly encounter all three scenarios (and many other similar ones). Standard techniques provide sufficient tools for their solution (1). However, investigation of the entire brain requires enormous labor cost of serial sectioning of the brain, immunohistochemical processing of individual brain sections (30–40 μm thick coronal sections of the 20 mm rat brain or 13 mm mouse brain). Then the resulting staining is captured using microscopy and registered in brain maps to determine the role of individual brain nuclei. While some standard techniques can be automated, there is still a lot of hand and eye work. Additionally, there are many limitations, such as both limited and uneven penetration of the antibodies to the tissue sections, rendering full quantitative evaluation close to impossible. Now imagine there is no obstacle for antibodies to penetrate through the brain tissue and there is also no visibility limit (2), that is, we can see (using microscopy) through the brain (see the overview of clearing techniques [3]). Finally, let's assume that all the labor-intensive procedures in the scenarios are automated and, after few days of processing, the computers spit out quantified data registered per individual brain nuclei. What took months to years before and had limitations now takes weeks to months—and sounds like a dream to many of us. The authors of this manuscript employed a sequence of techniques that remove most of the labor-intensive procedures and replace them with an automated precision approach. The groundwork for some techniques was laid earlier; however, many novel approaches were developed in this manuscript. So, how does this all work? Table 1 shows the flow of procedures following the condition (behavioral, pharmacological, other experimental, etc.). The authors previously developed the iDISCO/3DISCO technique for clearing the brain tissue (4). This original protocol is compatible with many antibodies (not only IEG) and also significantly increases their penetration through the tissue. The iDISCO-treated tissue is amazingly transparent for fluorophores in the far-red spectrum; hence, the antibodies should be tagged in this range. If blue-green spectrum (excitation at 480 nm) is used, intrinsic fluorescence of the Mapping of Brain Activity by Automated Volume Analysis of Immediate Early Genes.


Surface-recorded electrocochleographic responses to monaural and binaural clicks were examined in 14 normal-hearing adults at 6 different sensation levels (90, 70, 50, 30, 20 and 10 dB). The amplitudes were measured as the peak-to-peak magnitude of the Jewett5-FFP7 complex. Across subjects and across the 5 first-mentioned sensation levels, binaural stimulation was found to increase the response amplitude by more than 60%. At 10 dB sensation level, responses were generally present, usually seen most clearly in tracings obtained with bilateral stimulation, but not sufficiently reproducible to warrant measurement of the amplitude. On average, binaural stimulation with moderate intensity (50 dB) clicks yielded responsens of almost the same amplitude as responses to high intensity (90 dB) monaural stimuli. This binaural summation effect exceeds the binaural summation effect for slow auditory potentials by far. It greatly facilitates registration of the brain stem evoked potentials and in clinical work with inf...


process may be totally unsuited for the , requirements of a dissimilar industry. Further, the demand for water of different quality in the same industry changes as the processes improve or develop. Since the selection and treatment of water in industrial processes are not subject to standardization, it is possible to discuss water quality only in general terms and to evaluate specific demands for certain purposes. Due to the fact that stream pollution is becoming increasingly important with regard to its effect upon the quality of raw water, this is given consideration in the present paper wherever it is relevant to the subject under discussion. In many areas the problem is complicated not only because of the quality of the water available, but because of its scarcity. Securing an ample supply of water from underground or surface sources, either for large industries or for areas where there is great concentration of industrial development, often becomes an insurmountable task. It is for this reason that recourse has been made, in some cases, to the use of treated sewage ; and it is conceivable that the utilization of such waste water may increase as time goes on. Undoubtedly this source of water will solve many water shortages, but likewise it may introduce new problems which will require solution to avoid costly operating difficulties. American industry is often prone to undertake radical steps in matters of this kind without sufficient investigation or intelligent evaluation of the hazards involved. This paper has been prepared to present certain phases of the requirements of industry with respect to desired quality of water and to warn against the widespread use of s wage effluents until all engineering and economic phases of the undertaking have been surveyed.


PurposeThis study aims to investigate the relationship between collaboration product attributes, consumption value, customer equity and purchase intention – specifically, the moderating effect of fashion brand type (luxury and sports).Design/methodology/approachOnline game and fashion (luxury and sports) brands were selected and online game items showing items' logos were used as stimuli. A total of 328 South Korea consumers answered a survey. The hypotheses were tested using a structural equation model (SEM).FindingsCollaboration product attributes influence consumption value, which links to customer equity. Customer equity increases purchase intention. The multi-group analysis confirmed the difference between variables according to the brand.Research limitations/implicationsResearch on collaboration with the online environment is limited. This study provides theoretical background for future research and suggests multiple items to measure collaboration product attributes.Practical implicationsFashion brands can utilize online games to extend target markets. However, consumers perceive collaboration products differently depending on the brand types. Thus, companies should consider brand characteristics or identity when designing collaboration products with online games.Originality/valueThis study focuses on collaboration of fashion brands in the online environment. The results will help fashion brands establish relevant brand extension strategies.


Activities and recommendations of 2 FAO consultants on cooperative development (CD) to the National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) in India are summarized. CD training was found to be highly effective and cost-effective at the village dairy cooperative (coop) level. Further district milk union functions are highly interdependent and strong support from top NDDB management has contributed to the relative success of the CD program. The consultants recommend paying greater attention to the CD core teams in organizing and maintaining womens clubs; overcoming male dominance of the NDDB its CD program and dairy cooperatives to better accommodate the female majority of national dairy farmers; creating a management information system to help expand the CD program faster; that management diagnostic teams be provided by the NDDB to diagnose problems of the recommend solutions for poorly performing district dairy coops; that the NDDB design produce and use improved training materials for CD core staff teams; that the CD program design and produce a 15-20 minute video explaining CD to NDDB and coop officials; that the NDDB look into acquiring the 1 kilowatt Pij television transmitter to create innovative approaches to rural development; and making precise cost-benefit analysis of the CD program at the village coop district union and NDDB levels.


Family studies of rare LW(a‐b+) propositi confirm the recent finding based on frequency studies that the LW blood groups are polymorphic in Finland (Sistonen & Tippett, 1982); they are controlled by two alleles LWa (0.97) and LW* (0.03) independent from most other common blood group loci. Loci scores for LW and the loci for 27 markers are presented.


Pollen morphology of 14 Allium L. species grown in Turkey, that belong to the sections Codonoprasum and Allium, were investigated under LM (light microscopy) and by SEM (scanning electron microscopy). However, the pollens of 5 species were investigated under TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Detailed pollen morphological characteristics are given for Allium in the family on the basis of the results presented here together with data from the literature. The genera Allium homogeneous in both aperture type and exine ornamentation. It is suggested that some palynological characters, such as aperture type and the presence of an operculum, could be of taxonomic value at the section level.


The emerging of the automotive industry is showing the reflection of the technology development. This sector has often been regarded as one of the most industry's long-term challenges with steady growth and remain in the heart of consumer's demand forecasts which has pointed towards the need for future investment. Car carrier services are the chosen mode of transport by the automotive manufacturers to transport their car from the assembly plant to the dealers. For passenger cars, Malaysia is ranked 44th with 341 cars per 1,000 people, one rank higher than Brunei's 327 cars [1] . These shows that by the demand of car ownership, it can ensure future business opportunities for car carrier companies. The advantages of using car carrier companies to transport the car are by company, expertise or professionalism, insurance, easier to pick up and drop and competitive rates where the customer can choose the company since it has many car carrier companies. From the observation of the automotive company, there are different practices in each company that can make the different level in their management, either it is good or poor in their service quality. Therefore, this study has focused on determining the critical factors that influence the high demand of car carrier during peak season and proposed the guidelines to overcome the shortage of car carrier by managing their resources.


This Address emphasizes what is on every doctor's mind today—how is one to meet the pressures of continuing education and peer review. It is a timely topic.