Fracturing operation is an important link in the process of petroleum and natural gas extraction, and the preparation of fracturing fluid is the key factor to the fracturing operation. In order to solve the problems of insufficient amount of rubber guanidine powder inhalation and a lot of powder package, a new type of fracturing fluid dynamic mixer is designed. The principle of annular jet and the discrete action of powder are applied in the design process. The main advantages of new mixer are large powder intake, uniform mixing and high inhalation efficiency. Through the combination of numerical simulation and experimental verification, the new fracturing fluid dynamic mixer is analyzed, the key structure size of the mixer is optimized, and its performance parameters are optimized. After optimization, the negative pressure value of new fracturing fluid dynamic mixer can research 0.0872MPa, and it can well meet the requirements of inhalation performance.


Article history: Received: February 2014 Received in the revised form: April 2014 Accepted: May 2014 The objective of studies was to determine the influence of spray volume and the nozzle type on product deposition and distribution in apple tree canopies, as well as spray coverage on leaves obtained in different phenological growth stages. The spray volumes 250, 500 and 750 l·ha were applied with fine spray and coarse spray nozzles generating droplets of VMD around 150 μm and 400 μm respectively. Munckhof cross-flow sprayer was used at the driving velocity of 5.0 km·h to apply fluorescent dye as spray liquid. During flowering the greatest deposition was obtained at the spray volume of 250 l·ha applied with the coarse spray nozzles. The spray volume 750 l·ha resulted in the best coverage in the tree centre. During development of fruit, deposition in the canopy centre was at a constant level irrespective of the spray volume and a droplet size. At the stage of fruit maturity the best coverage was observed for fine spray nozzles and spray volumes of 500 and 750 l·ha. The use of coarse spray nozzles resulted in the coverage reduction by 50%.


Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with high energy density have been widely used in portable electronics and electric vehicles. Unfortunately, commercialized graphite encounters with limited theoretical capacity due to the generation of the intercalation compound LiC6. Simultaneously, metal oxides suffer from serious capacity loss due to the slow diffusion of lithium ions and high polarization during the lithium storage process. Consequently, numerous efforts have been focused on developing alternative anode materials with higher capacities and rate capabilities to meet the ever-growing demands of energy storages. Interestingly, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as a very promising kind of multifunctional materials, have been widely fabricated for environmental and energy-related applications due to their simply preparation, high porosity, large specific surface area, adjustable pore size, abundant diversity in structure and composition. Recent reports highlight that MOFs materials are prospective self-sacrificing templates for the fabrication of multifunctional materials. This paper summarizes the advances in the application of MOFs and MOFs-derived porous materials in LIBs. Firstly, a brief summary of pristine MOFs for particular application in LIBs is provided. In this regard, the lithium storage mechanism is mainly divided into two aspects: insertion/desertion mechanism and conversion mechanism. In order to improve the electrochemical performance, it is particularly important to select appropriate organic ligands with relatively low molecular weight and reactive functional groups (amino, carboxyl, benzene rings, etc.), as well as variable valence metal centers to construct rigid and porous MOFs and provide more lithium storage active site. Afterward, a comprehensive overview of the synthetic methods of MOF-derived materials (porous carbon, transition metal oxides, metal oxides/carbon composites, metal/metal oxides) and their applications in the anode of LIBs are described in details, including the important issues and research challenges. MOFs can be easily converted into traditional inorganic functional materials (metal compounds or carbon) through high temperature calcination or controlled chemical reaction. Especially, many advantages such as adjustable structure, chemical composition, and secondary building units, can further enhance the electrochemical performance and solve the key scientific issues in the field of electrochemical energy. There are several effective methods to improve the capacities and cycling stability: (1) fabrication of multicomponent active electrode material with unique structure (such as mixed metal oxides, metal/metal oxide and C/N doping), which can effectively reduce the activation energy of electron transfer and provide richer redox chemical kinetics; (2) introduction of conductive materials (such as graphene, carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, copper foam and nickel foam), which can enhance electrical conductivity for fast charge transfer; (3) creation of hollow nanostructure with high specific surface area porosity, which can increase the contact area between the electrolyte and the material, effectively buffer the volume expansion, ensuring the integrity and stability of the structure. Lastly, topics of the development directions and prospect applications of these MOF-derived materials for electrochemical energy storage and conversion are outlined, providing meaningful experimental basis and theoretical value for the directional synthesis of these materials in electrochemistry.


Extreme meiotic abnormalities in chromosome number and behaviour were found in three species of Salvia, e.g. S. farinacea, S. glutinosa and S. taraxacifolia. There were variation in the number of bivalent formation, and in anaphase separations, almost all types of abnormalities were recorded which were found to be associated with pollen grain sterility. The maximum number of chromosomal aberrations were found in S. farinacea which was directly correlated with the maximum percentage of pollen grain sterility. In the two other species, S. glutinosa and S. taraxacifolia, where chromosomal aberrations were low, pollen sterility was also low. Various causes assumed to be associated with these chromosomal abnormalities have been discussed in detail.


This book deals not only with the technical aspects of transport, logistics and supply chain management, but also the interactions between transport professionals and the public authorities in the modern social, political, economic and environmental context. The transport of freight is presented as a system, mixing empirics and theory, showing how transport itself functions and also its strong influence on the modern economy, with a growing volume of production, turnover and employment. The nature of freight transport, an industrial process widely marketed as a service, is analyzed in depth, explaining the main characteristics of the transport operation, its market and the regulatory context. The main actors, the professional actors (carriers, shippers and other agents) and the public authorities are introduced, and their behavior and interactions are clarified. This comprehensive approach allows the reader to go further and consider in particular the approaches and practices of transport by carriers, customers, logistics managers, political decision makers and citizens, to tackle long range issues such as the 'decoupling' of production and transport recommended by some institutions and experts, and to explore the need for more infrastructure, or the capacity of the freight transport industry to reduce its contribution to pollution and climate change. This book treats freight transport as a whole system in its technical, economic, social, political and environmental context, in contrast to existing transport literature focused on individual aspects, such as transportation planning (usually for cars or passengers), logistics (essentially management issues), or individual transport modes. This book is comprehensive in its treatment of freight transport and in its use of multiple disciplinary perspectives.


This paper investigate potential use of augmented reality (AR) for physical human-robot collaboration in large-scale, labour-intensive manufacturing tasks. While it has been shown that use of AR can help increase task efficiency in teleoperative and robot programming tasks involving smaller-scale robots, its use for physical human-robot collaboration in shared workspaces and large-scale manufacturing tasks have not been well-studied. With the eventual goal of applying our AR system to collaborative aircraft body manufacturing, we compare in a user study the use of an AR interface we developed with a standard joystick for human robot collaboration in an experiment task simulating industrial carbon-fibre-reinforced-polymer manufacturing procedure. Results show that use of AR yields reduced task time and physical demand, with increased robot utilization.


Current data ироп the application of probiotic preparations are presented. Mostly used ones are given in the form of classification tables. Perspectives of autobiotic preparations' development is demonstrated.


A 160K transistor/16b microprocessor, using a 20MHz clock which executes additions in 200ns and multiplies in 1.85μs, will be discussed. The chip (128K mil2I3L) includes floating point instructions, 16 levels of interrupt and two timers.


The influence of anneal temperature in air ambient under atmospheric pressure on the surface morphology and photoluminescence of ZnO thin films grown on quartz substrate by RF sputtering has been investigated. The characterization of ZnO thin films was carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), DRUV-vis spectra (DRUV-vis), photoluminescence (PL), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XRD analysis shows the crystal quality of ZnO thin films becomes better after annealing in air. AFM results shows that the influence of anneal temperature on surface morphology is obvious. DRUV-vis results reveal that the transmittance increases in the region from 400 nm to 500 nm after annealing, without affecting the band gap. PL spectra of ZnO thin films by annealed at various temperatures consists of a near band edge emission around 380 nm and visible emissions due to the electronic defects, which are related to deep level emissions, which are generated during annealing process. The evolution of defects is analysed by PL spectra based on the energy of the electronic transitions. XPS results hint that the obvious change of oxygen species on the surface of ZnO, especially the increased oxygen vacancies with increasing the anneal temperature.


Government House, Newtown, Wellington, during renovations, circa 1910s, photographed by S C Smith.
Source of descriptive information - Notes on file print.
Quantity: 1 b&w original negative(s).
Physical Description: Glass negative


Rice of "Ningjing No.1" was used as the experimental material,and the protective effects of lanthanum on catalase(CAT)activities,the malonydialdehyde(MDA)and the H2O2 content of rice seed under acid rain stress were investigated.The results showed that parts of CAT activities,decrease MDA and H2O2 content of rice seeds were strengthened after soaked with 1 mg·l-1 LaCl3 solution compared with control(CK).Under the acid rain stress,the amplitude of the change in the content of MDA and H2O2 was that pH2.5La+pH2.5pH4.0La+pH4.0CK,and the change in the activity of CAT was that La+pH4.0 pH4.0 La+pH2.5pH2.5.It showed that the ability of removing the excessive free-radicals was strengthened after soaked with LaCl3 solution,while the MDA and H2O2 content were decreased.Under acid rain of pH2.5,CAT activity was inhibited.However,La(Ⅲ)can effectively adjust the stability of CAT and eliminate ROS,so that it alleviated the harm to seeds by acid rain stress.The regulative effect of La(Ⅲ)on antioxidant enzymes such as CAT could strengthen their capacities to scavenge reactive oxygen species,improve the metabolism of ROS and decrease H2O2 contents.At the same time,it improved the proportion of membrane lipid fatty acids,decrease MDA contents.Consequently,membrane lipid peroxidation was abated.


Autonomous mobility has great potential for transforming mobility, especially towards greater sustainability. But contrary to what advocates of autonomous mobility are saying, its future is far from certain: several different scenarios could play out, both in terms of how they develop and their impacts on the transport system.Public authorities will have a key role to play in steering this technology towards the desirable scenarios and setting the conditions for the integration of autonomous mobility (planning road systems, regulating local mobility, supporting experiments and pricing services).Early on, authorities need to determine under which conditions AVs can help them to achieve their sustainable mobility goals.The private sector also needs to examine how the technological and industrial solutions it develops will be integrated into a sustainable future mobility system.This shared vision of autonomous mobility should be developed with local and national public authorities.


Load carrying capacity of austenitic stainless steel component is increased due to hardening caused by neutron irradiation if no crack is included in the component. On the other hand, if a crack is initiated in the reactor components, the hardening may decrease the load carrying capacity due to reduction in fracture toughness. In this paper, in order to develop a failure assessment procedure of irradiated cracked components, characteristics of change in failure strength of stainless steels due to cold working were investigated. It was experimentally shown that the proof and tensile strengths were increased by the cold working, whereas the fracture toughness was decreased. The fracture strengths of a cylinder with a circumferential surface crack were analyzed using the obtained material properties. Although the cold working altered the failure mode from plastic collapse to the unsteady ductile crack growth, it did not reduce failure strengths even if 50% cold working was applied. The increase in failure strength was caused not only by increase in fl ow stress but also by reduction in J-integral value, which was brought by the change in stress-strain curve. It was shown that the failure strength of the hardened stainless steel components could be derived by the two-parameter method, in which the change in material properties could be reasonably considered.


Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of diffirent style radical neck dissection in the senile lip cancer. Methods: The statistic analysis ages of patients with neck dissection and the positions, histopathological types and the plane of lymphatic metastasis , the rate of positive lymph metastasis in lip cancer had been done in 81 cases. Results: The rate of lymphatic metastasis was lower in lip cancer, most of the big lymphatic node in 1 plane of metastasis were negative. Conclusion: Cervical management was unnecessary in the most patients of lip cancer. Supraomohyoid neck dissection should be done in patients with neck positive lymph metastasis in most of lip cancer patients.


The construction and implementation of Item Bank is discussed and a efficient Item Bank based on WWW is introduced.The features and relative technique of the system are also studied.At last,the author points out how to improve the system in future.


This paper analysed the measured data by piezometer tubes at the main dam foundation fault F11 of Hongmen hydropower station in aspects such as water level, gradient, potential, rope kit picture and so on, which indicated that the effect of anti-seepage curtain was declined, the F11 fault had been in erosion and its operation performance was deteriorated gradually. So that the paper put forward the advice that reinforcement grouting as soon as possible should be adopted to ensure dam safety.


Search for optimum geometry of selected steel sandwich panel joints Application of steel sandwich panels to ship structures requires many problems to be solved. Joints between the panels as well as those between the panels and other structures is one of the more difficult problems associated with the structures in question. This paper presents the searching for process of optimum geometry of a panel-to-panel joint of longitudinal arrangement, performed by means of the ANSYS software. A configuration was searched for of parameters which can ensure as-low-as possible values of geometrical stress concentration coefficients at acceptable mass and deformations of the structure. Analysis of the obtained results made it possible to propose the optimum geometry of the considered joint.


Laser picosecond acoustics involves the excitation and detection of picosecond acoustic strain pulses in thin films with ultrashort light pulses. The use of oblique probe light incidence permits a greater degree of freedom in choosing the optical probing conditions and thereby should allow the extraction of more information about the profile of the propagating acoustic strain pulses. Here, we present a theory for the modulation of light reflected at oblique incidence from a solid containing an acoustic strain distribution. The theory can account for the real and imaginary parts of the reflectance variation, and involves both the effect of the transient surface motion and of the photoelastically modulated dielectric constants in the solid. We show, in particular, how the theory can be applied to extract the contribution to the reflectance change arising from the surface motion in an opaque isotropic solid, thereby allowing direct access to the shape of the acoustic strain pulse propagating therein.


At present,engineering ethics has gradually aroused concern in the field of ethics.This paper deals with such problems as the reasons why engineering ethics has become so prominent,the realistic foundation and possibility for the construction of engineering ethics,as well as its approaches,contents and character istics.


In referrence to the analysis and investigation on the physical capabilities and education performance of the students at the universities,applying the methods of physical performace tests,questionnaires and mathematical statistic to compare their performance before and post the curriculum of sports dancing,the author concludes that the effects of sports dancing curriculum are: raising the their interests of physical education curriculum;enhancing the physical performance effectively;improving the physical appearance,cultivating the aesthetics taste,releasing the pressure from studies,increasing self-confidence and enhance the overall abilities of university student;enriching the contents of campus life;increasing their awareness of self-exercise and consolidating the basis for a life-physical-education.


The invention relates to a deicing system (32) of an axial turbomachine, in particular for the mouthpiece of separation (22) of a low-pressure compressor (4). The system comprises: a rotational axis (14); an annular duct (34; 35); electrical heating elements (36) arranged in the annular duct (34; 35). The heating elements (36) are situated in different angular sectors (38) defined about the axis of rotation (14) so as to angularly defrost the annular duct (34; 35). The system is configured so as to supply the angular sectors (38) of heating elements (36) step by step.


ficiency of chemotherapy of malignant gliomas may be combined administration of alkylating agents and those targeted at epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR). The patients eligible for such therapy should show hypermethylation of MGMT (O6-methylguanineDNA-methyltransferase) promoter as well as amplification of EGFR. Aim of the study: Preliminary assessment of frequency of MGMT hypermethylation and amplification of EGFR co-occurrence in malignant gliomas in patients diagnosed and operated on in the Neurosurgery Department, JUMC in Cracow. Material and methods: 21 consecutive cases of glioblastoma multiforme (W 65%, M 35%, age average 51 y). The methylation status of the MGMT promoter was determined by methylationspecific PCR (MS-PCR). Before MS-PCR, genomic DNA was treated with sodium bisulphite, purified, denatured, precipitated and eluted. EGFR amplification was investigated using the FISH method. Results: With regards to MGMT methylation status and the occurrence of EGFR amplification, four groups of tumours (patients) were established: I – hypermethylation and amplification (4/21, 19.04%); II – hypermethylation, no amplification (6/21, 28.6%); III – no hypermethylation with amplification (4/21, 19.04%); IV – no hypermethylation, no amplification (7/21, 33.3%). Conclusions: Theoretically almost one fifth (19%) of patients with glioblastoma multiforme, i.e. those featuring MGMT hypermethylation and EGFR amplification, could potentially benefit from bimodal chemotherapy with an alkylating agent and an EGFR blocker. Our results confirm other reports indicating that there are no relations between MGMT methylation and EGFR amplification. Financial support by Grant No. K/ZDS/ 001044 Jagiellonian Univ.


Introduction: Bilingual students have some problems about learning due to differences between educational and mother language, that self-regulatory and metacognitive strategies


The paper proposes a narrative analysis of a strategic plan. According to Barry and Elmes (1997), in order to be effective, strategic plans must seem both credible and novel. However, little is kno...


Wheat gluten was reacted with citric acid to produce natural superabsorbent materials able to absorb up to 78 times its weight in water. The properties of the modified gluten samples were characterized using Fourier Transform Infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and water uptake. The reaction between gluten and citric acid was examined for gluten : citric acid ratios of 0.38 : 1 to 0.75 : 1 at temperatures from 100 to 130°C. More citric acid reacted for samples containing higher citric acid concentrations and at higher temperatures. FTIR analyses indicated the presence of carboxylate groups on the modified gluten samples, which resulted in modified samples having higher water uptake values than neat gluten. The sample with a gluten:citric acid ratio of 0.5 : 1 and reaction temperature of 120°C had the largest water uptake value. Also, all modified gluten samples had lower thermal stability than neat gluten. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013


In this research, a multilayer perceptron neural network model with multiactivation function called (MLP-MAF) model has been developed for municipal water demand forecasting. The developed model uses different activation functions in the hidden layer neurons. Different combinations of the linear, logistic, tangent hyperbolic, exponential, sine and cosine activation functions were used in the hidden layer neurons. In order to assess the credibility of developed model results, the model was run over the available data which include the time series of daily and monthly municipal water consumption for fourteen years (1/1/1992 31/12/2004) of Tampa city, USA. Each time series was divided into two subsets: the estimate subset for fitting the model and the holdout subset for evaluating the forecasting ability of the model. Additionally, three statistical measurements, namely the coefficient of determination (R), the root mean square error (RMSE) and the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) and two hypothesis tests, namely the t-test and F-test have been reported for examining the forecasting accuracy of the developed model. The results show that the combination of linear, sine and cosine functions is better than other combinations. Furthermore, the effectiveness assessment of this model shows that this approach is considerably more accurate and performs better than the traditional multilayer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) neural networks.


Abstract This article presents a rationale as well as a proposal for a religious literacy curriculum in U.S. public high schools. Relying on the Religious Education curriculum currently in use in the United Kingdom, the authors sketch a religious literacy curriculum designed to help students thrive in a pluralistic and democratic society. In order to help young citizens develop the skills, dispositions, and knowledge to thrive in an increasingly global, pluralistic, and democratic society, they need to become religiously literate. For students to be religiously literate they must learn to respect the religious other as well as understand the role of religions in contributing to civic life.


Theory and numerical simulations of the thinning of liquid threads at high superficial concentration of surfactants suggest the existence of an asymptotic regime where surface tension balances surface dissipation, leading to the exponential thinning of the thread with an $e$-fold time $F(\Theta)\,(3\mu_s-\kappa_s)/\sigma$, where $\mu_s$ and $\kappa_s$ are the surface shear and dilatational viscosity coefficients, $\sigma$ is the interfacial tension, $\Theta=\kappa_s/\mu_s$, and $F(\Theta)$ is a universal function. The potential use of this phenomenon to measure the surface viscosity coefficients is discussed.


There is a recognisable yield response of sweet corn (Zea mays L.) to fertiliser phosphorus (P), but little quantitative research describing the mechanisms responsible. This study investigated how radiation interception and associated processes (leaf appearance and individual leaf area) of sweet corn responded to five fertiliser P levels (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 kg P/ha) when grown in a low P soil (Olsen P= 611g/ml) at Lincoln, Canterbury in 2001102. The time taken to reach maximum radiation interception or maximum canopy development was progressively reduced by each addition of fertiliser P from 840 °Cd in the control crops to 678 °Cd with the addition of 200 kg P/ha. This was explained by a decrease in the duration of the linear increase in radiation interception of low P crops caused by slower leaf appearance rates and smaller final areas of individual leaves. Leaf tip appearance was linearly related to thermal time (Tt) (base temperature = 8°C), but the phyllochron was reduced from 31.3 to 25.8 °Cd as P increased from 0 to 200 kg P/ha. The relationship between Tt and fully expanded leaf appearance rate was exponential indicating later leaves expanded at a faster rate particularly with increased P levels. The final areas of individual leaves were related to position on the stem by a peaked function. The largest leaf was always leaf ll or 12 but its area increased from 415 to 570 cm2 as P increased from 0 to 200 kg P/ha. Given that leaf appearance rate and individual leaf area are important components in regulating canopy development, these variables must be considered when modelling canopy responses toP.


O T O L O G Y /n e u R O T O L O G Y Methods: Following institutional review board approval, patients with stable chronic moderate dysphonia were recruited. They completed the VHI-10 during an office visit. Participants were then contacted via email to complete a series of VHI-10 surveys over a 12-week period and asked to indicate whether the survey is being completed at home, at work, or in a social setting. Patients also reported the degree to which their voice was bothersome at each time point. Responses between situations were aggregated and 1-way analysis of variance was conducted to assess the difference in means. Results: Thirty-nine patients completed an office VHI-10 and at least 1 ambulatory VHI-10. Average VHI scores were highest in the clinical office (14.7) and at work (14.9), and lowest in social (10.6) settings. These differences were not statistically (P = .1) or clinically significant. There was a linear trend between the VHI score and the degree to which the voice was bothersome to the patient. Conclusions: VHI-10 scores collected in a variety of settings provide composite scores that do not differ clinically or statistically from those collected in the laryngology office.


Objective To understand the incidence pattern of anthrax,evaluate the risk of epidemic in Yunnan province and provide evidence for the prevention and control of anthrax. Methods The incidence data of anthrax in Yunnan were collected to establish case database for analysis. Results The incidence of anthrax was stable and no outbreak occurred in recent years. A total of 57 cases occurred in 13 previous endemic areas. The disease mainly occurred in summer and autumn which are hot,wet and rainy. Most cases were adult farmers,more males were affected than females. All the cases were cutaneous anthrax. The laboratory confirmed cases accounted for 14. 03%,the awareness rate of anthrax related knowledge was 35. 09% among the people in endemic areas and the rate of timely medical care seeking was45. 61%. Up to 96. 49% of the cases were infected through contact of sick or dead livestock when they had cuts on skin.Conclusion Anthrax endemic areas have existed for long time in Yunnan,and the awareness of anthrax related knowledge was poor among the people in these areas. The risk of outbreak was high. There is possibility of outbreak or local outbreak of other type anthrax. It is necessary to strengthen anthrax surveillance and related health education,improve laboratory detection capacity and conduct comprehensive prevention and control.


The article outlines the current work on the model framework for designing a local staff evaluation system (SES) and its subsequent implementation at Poznan University Library. The starting point for the preliminary work on the project was setting up objectives of the evaluation, defining the scope, rules and assumptions to be applied in the system. The next stage was to work out and adopt evaluation and assessment criteria and then the choice of methods and tools preparation - evaluation sheets. The planned procedure to be employed by the SES was codified in the written rules to be followed during the implementation. Each stage of the preliminary work involved meetings with staff members of the library where the advances in the system were discussed. Training courses in the system were also provided for would-be evaluators and evaluatees. Further steps in implementing the system are briefly outlined and discussed.


This paper considers the issue of the application of teledection methods in the archaeology of the contemporary past with reference to the concept of retrotopia proposed by Zygmunt Bauman. It is based on one of the components of retrotopia, namely the approach to heritage adopted by Lowenthal (1997). From this perspective, relics of the twentieth-century German settlement in Witkowski Młyn (Western Pomerania) are analysed. In order to identify and document them, ALS data was used and then supplemented with verification field research. As a result, extensive relics of the twentieth-century landscape were documented, including relics of homesteads, orchards and a cemetery. The research presented show that teledection methods cannot prevent retrotopia, but they are new tools for filling in the gaps in knowledge of the contemporary past. Thus, they can lead to a dialogue which, according to Z. Bauman, is the best response to retrotopia.


A continuous wave doppler radar system has been designed which is portable, easily deployable and can be remotely controlled. The system is immune to ground clutter and is used for wind speed detection and direction determination. Nearly real time digital signal processing is performed by an Analog Devices ADSP-21020, a 40-bit floating point Digital Signal Processing (DSP) microprocessor. This paper provides an overview of the design of the system including the radio frequency (RF) to digital interface. The various DSP detection algorithms are discussed and compared to system performance and sensitivity. Finally, DSP performance is compared to the performance of an earlier system using Analog Device's ADSP-2100. 6 refs.


Coherent backscattering (CBS) is a photon weak-localization phenomenon that gives rise to an enhanced backscattering of light by random media. Although this effect has been previously studied in nonbiological media, there have been only few attempts to use CBS for diagnosis and characterization in living tissue. Here we report spectroscopic CBS measurements (low-coherence CBS spectroscopy) by combining broadband illumination and low-coherence detection. We demonstrate that low-coherence CBS spectroscopy substantially simplifies CBS measurements in biological tissue and enables depth-resolved spectroscopic analysis of CBS. Low-coherence CBS spectroscopy may find important applications in probing biological tissue where depth-selective measurements are crucial. As an example of the potential of CBS for tissue diagnosis, we show that low-coherence CBS spectroscopy can be used to detect the earliest, previously undetectable, preadenomatous stages of colorectal carcinogenesis.


This article describes the stages of creating electronic versions of scale plans of stations, using measurements obtained by various geodetic tools and complexes. The features of processing of ma-terials obtained by complex "Profile"are described. The General algorithm of formation of the scale plan of railway stations is shown. In the course of all processing of materials the railway way is con-sidered as the uniform massif consisting of points of an axis of the way having both planned posi-tion, and high-rise. This approach allows you to fully analyze the plan and profile of the station path as a separate element of the station, and its relationship with other objects. Perform automatic calcu-lation of picketage, spacing and dimensions of buildings.мThe problems of data export to the geoin-formation database of the West Siberian railway are indicated.


The volatile microconstituents in Daqu were studied by headspace solid phase microextraction(HS-SPME) coupled with GC-MS.The effects of sample concentration,ultrasonic extraction time,and different extracting solvent on the extraction of volatile microconstituents were also investigated.The results showed that the best extraction conditions were as follows: 0.2 g Daqu powder was dissolved in 5 mL deionized water,and then it was extracted by ultrasonic at 50 ℃ for 30 min,and finally the sample was detected by HS-SPME.Total of 112 volatile microconstituents were detected by GC-MS including 3 alkane,3 sulfide compounds,9 furans,6 aldehydes,8 esters,7 ketones,12 alcohols,21 aromatic compounds,23 pyrazines,11 acids,4 phenols,and 5 other heterocyclic compounds.The content of isopentanoic acid were highest and the second one was 2-phenylethanol.


We consider a noncoercive nonconvex minimization problem with nonlinear perturbing terms that arises from equilibrium problems in nonlinear elasticity, in which the body is subjected to live outer loadings. By using a generalized recession method, we find sufficient and necessary conditions for the existence of minimizers of the energy functionals. An example is provided to illustrate the application of the results in cases not treated by usual recession approaches.


received relatively little attention from scholars who tend to consider Sheridan's large-scale objectives in the years after the Civil War or focus on Custer's defeat at the Battle of the Little Big Horn in 1876. Richard Hardorff's in-depth and insightful consideration of this event is a welcome contribution to understanding a major military encounter. The context of the battle is thoroughly and astutely described in an excellent introduction which traces Cheyenne history in the nineteenth century, considers the effects of cultural and population decline, and describes the pertinent issues surrounding the armed encounter on the Washita River in November 1868. The bulk of the narrative consists of firsthand accounts of the battle from virtually every perspective—civilian, army, Cheyenne, representatives of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, newspaper correspondents, and the like. Many of these sources originate from the period of the battle, while others are collective memories recorded decades after the event. A total of forty-five informants combine to provide a complete description and analysis of this battle and reveal the multiple layers of historical interpretation that can be applied to a single event. The entire narrative benefits from the very thorough and accurate introductions that precede the various accounts as well as detailed notes that provide extensive information on a large number of topics, ranging from specific geographic references to minibiographies of those involved in the battle. The structure and organization of the book is a model for scholars writing on specific military encounters and provides important ideas for those concerned with the Indian wars. Richard Hardorff does not shy away from the controversies that surround the attack on Black Kettle's village. The sources are balanced and include accolades and criticisms of Custer's actions, particularly his steadfastness in executing Sheridan's policies and his culpability for the massacre of seventeen soldiers from his command led by Major Joel H. Elliott. Washita Memories is the definitive work on this battle. It is an essential source for both scholars and those devoted to military history and the Indian wars of the 1860s and 1870s.


Hedge funds are a complex investment instrument with a great variety of players, innovative operational features, non homogeneous target markets. Recent developments of their regulations in Europe and in the U.S. shows: the objectives of financial regulation and its related problems, the current dynamics and the draft bills in debate and the regulatory approaches, direct and indirect, related to hedge funds.


The invention discloses a fluorescent probe for detecting palladium ions, a preparation method, and applications thereof. The structural formula of the fluorescent probe is represented in the description, wherein the R represents H, CH3, or OCH3. Compared with the conventional method, the fluorescent probe has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, high selectivity, high sensitivity, and realtime detection, can be used to detect palladium ion pollutant in various industries, and can be popularized and used in a large scale.


This study investigates the effects of individual and group level factors on the use of GSS (Group Support System) and task...


An approach is developed for probabilistic risk assessment of the propellant contained in solid rocket motors. Depending on the storage conditions, the propellant might be subjected to thermally induced loads that provokemechanical damage. Time-dependent random functions for thermal loading are presented along with temperature-dependent and loading-rate-dependent structural capacity models. Limit state functions are formulated for two critical structural responses, namely, bore cracking and propellant/insulant debonding. Using first- and second-order reliability methods, instantaneous reliabilities are calculated and are used in progressive reliability computations. The sensitivities of the structural reliabilities to statistical and probabilistic descriptions of capacity and response input parameters are investigated. Example calculations for motor storage at various sites are used to demonstrate the methodology. Progressive reliability estimates are shown to be lower than instantaneous reliability predictions and a better indicator of motor service life. The major findings from sensitivity studies of the example problems here are that statistical values of propellant capacity (i.e., mean and standard deviation) have the greatest influence on predicted service life, whereas probabilistic distribution is least influential. Moreover, storage in an extremely cold environment has a much more significant effect on service life than does storage in moderately cold weather conditions. Thus, it can be concluded that reducing variability in propellant capacities through material processing will lead to significant improvements in the service life estimate of solid rocket motors.


in modern medicine, the development of methods for rapid, non-invasive, quantitative assessment of a tissues state is extremely topical. To date, the diagnosis of skin fibrosis relies on subjective, non-quantitative methods or requires invasive procedures. The results of preliminary studies suggest that optical methods can be used as a quantitative method for diagnostics of fibrosis.


In this work, we first aim to realize the complete laser-induced photodissociation of the OH molecule, and then intend to control the wavepacket generated on the continuum state, i.e., to achieve the laser control of the above-threshold dissociation (ATD) spectrum. To numerically solve the Schrodinger equation, we adopt the split operator method (SOM), which conserves the norm of the state vector, and can treat both discrete and continuum states simultaneously and correctly. This photodissociation process induced by the multiphoton absorption involves the ATD spectrum due to the continuum-continuum transition by the intense electric field. First, we investigate the detailed mechanism of the complete photodissociation with the one-color laser pulse by changing the laser parameters. Then, we investigate the control of the ATD spectrum by using the two-color laser field, where we focus on the role of the relative phase and position of two laser pulses. To analyze the population of both discrete and continuum states involved in the resultant wavepacket, we show the effective method by means of the quasicontinuum state on the Morse potential obtained by numerically diagonalizing the Fourier grid Hamiltonian (FGH). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2009


The present invention relates to a sea with high strength and low creep elongation polyester industrial yarn and a preparation method comprises preparing a highly viscous creep of polyester chips and sea with high strength and low creep elongation polyester industrial yarn prepared ; by solid phase polycondensation the polyester tackifier, and then the fluorine-containing epoxy compound and carbodiimide-based stabilizer blend obtained by reacting the high viscosity polyester chips creep; creep resulting highly viscous polyester sections were metered, extruded, cooled, oiled, stretching, heat-setting and winding made with a marine high strength and low creep elongation polyester industrial yarn. The resulting ocean with a certain creep resistance of high strength and low elongation creep polyester industrial yarn, stability and hydrolysis resistance, may be applied in a hot and humid environment for a long time, with a huge marine cables, nets and other fields application prospects.


SUBTITLE: THE C15, RETAINING A FAMILIAR RESPONSE AMID NEW TECHNOLOGY, OFFERS A LOT MORE THAN NEW SKIN ON AN OLD CAT.


In this paper, an iterative algorithm is proposed to retrieve the particle-size distributions via Fraunhofer diffraction. A dual integral inversion was proposed in our previous work, the inversion is robust and generates precise particle sizing, if the diffraction pattern can be accurately captured. In real applications, the pattern can only be partially detected, and the inversion fails to reconstruct the size distributions in detail. However, the results of the inversion can be used to produce an initial estimate. Then, a simulated diffraction pattern was generated from the estimated particle sizes. The deviation between the measured pattern and the simulated one was deduced to correct the results of particle sizing. The corrections can be achieved in an iterative approach, and the particle-size distribution was updated subsequently. The iteration stopped once the deviation was below the target value. Both simulation and experiment were conducted to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The results demonstrate that the size distribution from the proposed algorithm agrees well with the original phantoms for both noise-free and noise-contaminated data.


The present invention provides methods and systems for discretized, combinatorial processing of regions of a substrate such as for the discovery, implementation, optimization, and qualification of new materials, processes, and process sequence integration schemes used in integrated circuit fabrication. A substrate having an array of differentially processed regions thereon is processed by delivering materials to or modifying regions of the substrate.


Talking books is a term long used to refer to recorded 1 books for people with disabilities. Digital information is display-independent which makes its uses more flexible. On the monitor, the text can be made almost any size. Special software can also take the information on the screen and speak it through a synthesizer. Digitized audio is now being considered for modern talking books. While people who are blind are so grateful for access to information that they patiently learn to listen to synthesized speech by the hour, people who are dyslexic strongly push for high quality speech produced by a human reader.


The coordination between the socio-economic institutions which constituted the post-war model of Japanese capitalism has been continuously undermined from the 1990s onward. This include the move by firms to focus on their own individual goals and by the state to support individualistic behaviour by introducing deregulation and liberalization and by enabling firms to compete freely in the market. There is a lack of coordination between the government and unions, and between corporations and unions. The coordinated model of Japanese capitalism has therefore transformed into a more disorganized model. Event data analysis adopted in this study demonstrates that this transformation was also accompanied by heightening social tension and class antagonism, which were expressed through increasingly non-institutionalized acts of contestations and by newly emerging agents such as community unions, NPOs and non-regular workers. Adopting a class-conflict version of Regulation Theory, this thesis argues that the disorganized model of Japanese capitalism is characterised by a contradictory accumulation regime which consists of low economic growth and corporate profit, led by increasing level of public and household debt, declining wage shares and declining union density, and accompanied by the emergence of new forms of labour activism.


The supercapacitor is an evolving technology that has a potential to play a vital role in the today's electrical energy storage systems. Supercapacitors are dominated by unique properties that can accompany other energy storage strategies due to its functional characteristics - such as quick charge/discharge ability, higher power density, very long cycle life. It results in to improved system efficiency of hybrid electric energy systems with reduced environmental pollution levels. In this paper, efforts are made to fabricate a low cost prototype of supercapacitor using synthesised carbon material obtained from the pyrolyzed scrap tyre by using both aqueous and Aloe vera gel as semi-aqueous/semi-organic electrolyte. The test results are obtained in the laboratory to ascertain the characteristics of developed supercapacitor in terms of capacitance, internal resistance and peak current. The obtained results are superior as compare to Vulcan XC-72R with trade-off between peak discharge current and other parameters. New carbon material obtained from scrap tyres is cost effective when used along with Aloe vera gel as an electrolyte. Use of scrap tyre carbon as electrode material and Aloe vera gel as naturally available material for electrolyte is an innovation of the presented work.


According to the theories of thin film calculation and optimization, a new global optimization method for multilayer film thickness calculation is presented. Firstly, a new group of local optimums is found out through genetic and mutation operation. Then, the solutions are accepted at a certain probability and will be calculated respectively in Adapted Simulated Annealing (ASA) process as the initial solutions. At last, conjugate gradient algorithm is utilized to search accurately and quickly. This genetic simulated annealing algorithm can effectively enhance the robustness of the algorithm and reduce the limitation of the searching area. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can calculate the thickness of 3-layer and 4-layer thin film within the range of 10 nm~5 μm and less than 1% calculation error.


A mild, stable diabetes mellitus was induced in dogs, using a small (20 mg/kg of body weight) dose of streptozotocin in a standard volume of 200 ml infused in 15 minutes. The stability of the diabetes was evidenced by the results of a standard intravenous glucose-tolerance test, insulin response to the glucose load, and urinary glucose excretion. The results of the urinary clearances for urea, creatinine, and phosphate indicated minimal renal toxicosis and that the toxicosis was localized to the tubules.


NiAl-hydrotalcite-like-compounds (NiAl HTLcs) with a unique phase and high crystallinity were synthesized utilizing urea hydrolysis. The physicochemical properties of the synthetic samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and N2-adsorption- desorption measurements. The catalysed oxidation of benzaldehyde to benzoic acid was performed using dissolved air as oxygen source in acetic acid under the following conditions: 0.1 g catalyst, the ratio V(benzaldehyde)/V(ethanoic acid) was 3/9, with a stirring speed of 800 rev min "1. The heterogeneous NiAl - HTLcs catalysts were recycled several times and showed stable activity without structural change. The reaction mechanism was elucidated via the determination of kinetic parameters. It was shown that the oxidation is of zero order, dominated by classic diffusion. The apparent activation energy was 14.13kJ mol-1.


Lu Xinyuan's BiSongLouCangShuZhi was famous for its record of books published in the Song dynasty and Yuan dynasty.And it also included some prefaces and postscripts of books of the two dynasties.However,in the process of compiling QuanYuanWen,BiSongLouCangShuZhi was not taken as a source of reference.So,this book can be an important source for the supplement to QuanYuanWen.QuanYuanWen had collected some writers' articles in the Yuan dynasty which were included in BiSongLouCangShuZhi.After comparison of the two books,it has be found that there are 54 articles written by 50 writers in BiSongLouCangShuZhinot included in QuanYuanWen.Besides,there are 112 articles written by 107 writters not collected in QuanYuanWen.


We describe how hookworms interact with their human hosts by comparing lymphocyte phenotyping, proliferative responses, and cytokine and chemokine secretion patterns in adults who are either mono‐infected with Necator americanus or egg‐negative controls resident in an area of high transmission in Brazil. Cellular immune responses against crude hookworm antigen extracts from different developmental stages were evaluated simultaneously. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to reduce the standardized immune responses. Random effects multivariate regression was then used to investigate whether principal components (PC) differ between the two groups once potential confounders and effect modifiers have been accounted for. Although hookworm patients had reduced percentages of T and B cells, they had higher levels of activated CD4+ T and CD19+ B cells. This state of 'immune activation' coincided with lower proliferative responses, especially to third‐stage larval antigen. Cytokine levels in mono‐infected adults were also lower and characterized by a mixed Th1/Th2‐type profile. Excretory/secretory antigen from adult worms was a potent modulator of the immune response, resulting in diminished TNF‐α and IL‐10 secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from hookworm infected patients. We propose that the longevity of hookworms in their human hosts results from a stage‐specific, down‐modulation of the immune response.


The effects of the welding methods, heat input and heat cycle on the mechanical properties at elevated temperature for the 308 type stainless steel weld metals rae investigated and the following results are obtained. 1) Creep rupture strength for the TIG arc weld metals is large about 2 kg/mm2 compared with that for the submerged arc weld metals, and creep rupture elongation for the submerged arc weld metals is large compared with that for the TIG arc weld metals. 2) The oxygen contents of the submerged arc weld metals are more than ten times as much as those for the TIG arc weld metals. The oxygen in the weld metals forms the inclusion. 3) The inclusions in the submerged arc weld metals are from about 0.2 to 0.4 ƒÊ in diameter, and are distributed at a mean interval of about 4ƒÊ in length. These inclusions decrease the both strengthes and increase the creep rupture elongation. 4) The hardness and the tensile rupture elongation for the lower heat input submerged arc weld metal are high compared with those for the higher heat input submerged arc weld metal. 5) Structures of solidification, dendrite, ƒÂ ferrite network for the low heat input submerged arc weld metal are fine compared with those for the high heat input submerged arc weld metal. It is supposed that these fine structures increase the hardness and rupture elongations at tensile test. 6) As the followed thermal cycles increase the room temperature hardness for preceded weld metals, these thermal cycles have no effects on the tensile strength at elevated temperature and creep rupture strength of the preceded weld metals. These results are caused by the disappearance of the difference in the structures between the followed and the preceded weld metals during tests at the elevated temperature.


Software requirement exploitation is based on knowledge sharing between users and software engineers. Knowledge compensation can increase the domain knowledge sharing of users.A cost-benefit model is built to investigate the effort-paying decisions of software engineers and users.And a knowledge compensation policy based on the value-estimation is obtained by using game theory.The results indicate that the appropriate knowledge compensation can increase the efficiency of requirements elicitation activities and make the requirements analysis more accurate.


Scholarly Perspectives [ 45 ] Laura Gómez teaches in the areas of race and the law, law and society, constitutional law, civil procedure and criminal law. Her scholarship, including two books, has focused on the intersection of law, politics and social stratification in both contemporary and historical contexts. In Misconceiving Mothers: Legislators, Prosecutors and the Politics of Prenatal Drug Exposure (1997), she documented the career of the "crack baby" / "crack mother" social problem in the media and public policy, situating it at the nexus of the abortion debate, the drug war and competing discourses of criminalization and medicalization as they played out in the late 1980s. In her 2007 book, Manifest Destinies: The Making of the Mexican American Race, Gómez examines how law and racial ideology intersected to create new racial groups and to restructure the turn-of-the-twentieth-century racial order in the Southwest and the nation as a whole.


The current contribution reports on the validation and analysis of three-dimensional computational results of the flow around four distinct high-pressure turbine blade tip geometries (TG1, 2, 3, and 4 hereinafter), taking into account the effect of the entire internal cooling setup inside the blade, at design exit Mach number: M = 0.8, and high exit Reynolds number: Re C  = 900 000. Three of the four geometries represent different tip design solutions – TG1: full squealer rim; TG2: single squealer on the suction side; TG3: partial suction and pressure side squealer, and one (TG4) models TG1 in worn condition. This article provides a comparison between the different geometries from the aerodynamic point of view, analyses the losses, and evaluates the distinct design solutions. An assessment of the effect of the uneven rubbing of the blade tip was performed as well. TG1 was found to be the top performer followed by TG3 and TG2. According to the investigations, the effect of rubbing increased the kinetic loss coefficient by 10–15 per cent.


To the Editor,

We comment on the recent reports on vitamin D deficiency in Oman both in pregnant women1 and those of childbearing age.2 Our objective is to share the utility of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for an in-house assay of vitamin D3 levels that will eliminate any outside evaluation.1

Vitamin D3 deficiency is being evaluated at Sant Parmanand Hospital, a 140-bed, tertiary care, multidisciplinary private hospital in Delhi, India. With effect from April 2010, 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are measured in the hospital laboratory using commercially available ELISA kits. We use the 25(OH)D direct Elisa Kit (Immundiagnostik AG, Bensheim, Germany), based on a competitive ELISA technique with a selected monoclonal antibody that recognises 25(OH)D. The results are expressed, after point-to-point calculation, as nmol/l (with 1 nmol/L being equivalent to 2.5 ng/mL). Values ≥80 nmol/L correspond to a sufficient level of vitamin D, while those of <50 nmol/L to a deficient, and 50–75 nmol/L to an insufficient level.

Among 20 pregnant women in delivery more than 75% were deficient in 25(OH)D. Vitamin D3 levels exceeded 75 nmol/l in three, while in two the respective values were between 50–74 nmol/l, and 15 had levels below 25 nmol/l.3

Future plans to address vitamin D deficiency in Oman1,2 should, in our opinion, include both vitamin D3 supplementation and a watch on post-supplementation vitamin D3 levels. A daily supplementation of 1000 IU of vitamin D3 may fail to bring levels to a minimum of 75 nmol/l in 20–30% cases.4

In view of the global prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among women of childbearing age,1,2,3 it would be desirable to initiate simple and rapid point-of-care assays for quantification of vitamin D3 levels in the general population, both in rural and urban areas.


Summary Two methods for preparing semen (Swim‐up migration and centrifugation on a two step density Percoll gradient) were tested in 21 cases of asthenozoospermia (motility <30%). The parameters of sperm movement were studied through automated videomicrographic analysis. In 9 cases out of 21 swim‐up migration failed while centrifugation on a Percoll gradient failed in only 1 case out of 21.


This paper proposes a framework for developing systematic reliability analysis tools to address planning and operation challenges of future electric power systems. These systems are undergoing a radical transformation in structure and functionality enabled by new technologies, e.g., advanced communication and control, renewable-based generation, and advanced power electronics. The added functionality comes with side effects of increased system complexity and the introduction of new sources of uncertainty in systems already inherently complex. Current reliability analysis tools are inadequate to capture the impacts of integrating this new technology. Without proper reliability analysis tools, poorly understood, unreliable and unsafe systems will result, leading to catastrophic consequences if deployed. Thus, it is key to create systematic analytical tools to capture the impacts of new technology integration on power system reliability. In this paper, the discussion focuses on tools for quantifying power system reliability when there is coupling between cyber and physical components, and there is coupling between system dynamics and component stress.


Dielectric and electrical properties of bio-nanocomposites based on poly (?-caprolactone) (PCL) with different amounts of organomodified montmorillonite clay (MMT-ODA) were investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy in the frequency range from 1Hz to 1MHz and in the temperature range from -100 to 25°C. These nanocomposites were prepared by in situ Ring Opening polymerization of ?-caprolactone in open air by using titanium alkoxide as a catalyst. Due to the semicrystalline structure of PCL, the high number of modes and its overlap, the relaxation patterns observed on dielectric spectra were complicated. These relaxation data were modeled using the H-N empirical equation with the contribution of conductivity. The local dynamics of PCL were unaffected by the increase of nano-clay amount, in agreement with the DSC values of glass transition temperature. The PCL/MMT-ODA 3 wt% exhibited the lowest value of dielectric strength, indicating the strongest adhesion between PCL matrix and organo-modified clay. As for PCL/MMT-ODA 5 wt%, the presence of agglomerate made the adhesion between PCL and MMT-ODA very weak. The obtained findings were congruent FTIR and XRD results. The electrical conductivity of PCL was analysed according to the Jonscher's law. The obtained exponent s values referred to three models corresponding to different temperature ranges.


In Late Ming Dynasty and Early Qing Dynasty,poets obtain great achievements on epic writings.The epic is originated from historical style,and poets write poems with historical style and make poems with the style.Poets recognize afresh those historical values of poems and advocated that poems should supplied the lack of history,furthermore give an new idea that poem should correct historical mistakes.They also put forwards new conceptions that poems about soul is the history of poet,poems is the history which sending minds besides the common history,they recognize the subjectivity of poets and lyricism of poems again.The unique epic view of this period promotes the development of narrative poems which combine narrative and lyric that widened the gap to the former epic works and reach a new height.


With the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources (RES), the value of the demand response (DR) draws wide attention. In order to realize the coordinated dispatch of widely spread resources, the aggregation of the controllable residential loads is managed by a single entity, namely the DR aggregator. Under the price-based DR programs, the DR aggregators actively respond to the market signals to reach maximum welfare. To avoid the quality of electricity services being jeopardized, the operational constraints of the network should be considered by the DR aggregators. However, DR aggregators are not expected to have access to the monitoring equipment and have limited knowledge of the network states. Hence, in this paper, we proposed a DR aggregation with the operating envelope framework based on the representative signals produced by the distributed network operator (DNO) in the context of big data era. The DNO provides representative signals, including real-time state estimation and sensitivity functions, to the DR aggregators based on the proposed Semi-supervised Coupled Generative Adversarial Imputation Network (SC-GAIN) and big data analysis. The DR aggregators can realize the secure and efficient real-time dispatch of the controllable loads based on the received signals. The proposed framework was verified on the IEEE 33-bus and 123-bus systems. The case studies show that the proposed SC-GAIN algorithm can better deal with the missing data, and the learned sensitivity functions can effectively avoid the overestimation of the true DR potential.


Capital Structure is an important component for finance company such as bank corporation. Because capital structure composition have an effect on company performance. This study aim to examine relationship between capital structure and performance islamic bank in Indonesia. Capital Structure was measured using capital ratio, short them funding, productive asset, overhead, asset size and risk. While performance of islamic bank variable measured using Return On Equity ratio. This study using secondary data of annual report and financial report that comes from entire population of listed islamic bank on Indonesia. Which has completed annual and financial report during 2010 until 2013. Sample Consist of 36 company listed during time observation. Method used for determine sample is purposive sampling method. Moreover, analytical method used is ordinary least square regression with SPSS. The result of this study showed that capital ratio, short term funding, overhead and size of asset have significant relationship with performance of islamic banks. Meanwhile, productive asset and risk doesn't have significant relationship with performance of islamic banks.


After the first work on machine-readable dictionaries (MRDs) in the seventies, and with the recent development of the concept of a lexical database (LDB) in which interaction, flexibility and multidimensionality can be achieved, but everything must be explicitly stated in advance, a new possibility which is now emerging is that of a procedural exploitation of the full range of semantic information implicitly contained in MRDs. The dictionary is considered in this framework as a primary source of basic general knowledge. In the paper we describe a project to develop a system which has word-sense acquisition from information contained in computerized dictionaries and knowledge organization as its main objectives. The approach consists in a discovery procedure technique operating on natural language definitions, which is recursively applied and refined. We start from free-text definitions, in natural language linear form, analyzing and converting them into informationally equivalent structured forms. This new approach, which aims at reorganizing free text into elaborately structured information, could be called the Lexical Knowledge Base (LKB) approach.


Human travel agents are one of the sources of conceptual metaphor for the development of software agents. It is thus natural that software agent based travel support systems have been introduced [Ndumu 1998, Paprzycki 2001a and 2001b]. These papers were concerned mostly with the technical issues related to the agent technology and system development. The aim of this paper is to address the questions related to the personalization of content delivery in the context of Internet-based travel support system.


The utility model discloses an overvoltage protection circuit for a USB (universal serial bus) analogue switch under power up and power down conditions, wherein a source electrode of a first P type field-effect tube and a source electrode of a third P type field-effect tube are connected with a signal input end of the USB analogue switch after being connected with each other; a grid electrode of the first P type field-effect tube is connected with a power supply voltage; a drain electrode is simultaneously connected with a substrate of the first P type field-effect tube and the signal output end of the USB analogue switch; a grid electrode of the second P type field-effect tube is simultaneously connected with the drain electrodes of the third P type field-effect tube and an N type field-effect tube, a source electrode of the second P type field-effect tube is connected with the power supply voltage, and a drain electrode is simultaneously connected with a substrate of the second P type field-effect tube and the signal output end; a grid electrode of the third P type field-effect tube is connected with the power supply voltage, and a substrate of the third P type field-effect tube is connected with the signal output end; and a grid electrode of the N type field-effect tube is connected with the power supply voltage, and a source electrode of the N type field-effect tube is connected with a substrate of the N type field-effect tube. With the adoption of the overvoltage protection circuit, the current leakage situation caused by the opening of a parasitic diode can be avoided.


J. Worth Estes, medical historian and Instructor in Medicine at the Boston University School of Medicine, presents a rather full account of the introduction of the purple foxglove-digitalis-into the medical practice of post-Revolutionary America. The protagonist of his tale is Hall Jackson (1739-1797), a physician of Portsmouth, New Hampshire. Jackson became prominent during the Revolutionary War for two reasons. First, he was an accomplished surgeon and second, he was instrumental in the smallpox inoculation programs in New England. After the war, he returned to Portsmouth where he later read William Withering's Account ofthe Foxglove (1785). This piqued his curiosity, so he wrote to Withering requesting seeds. The English physician responded generously and asked Jackson to send the seeds along to certain other American physicians. This was done, and when the plants matured, the herb was introduced into the materia medica. Administered properly, the drug was specific for dropsy, and had a high cure rate. Such is Estes' basic account, but the book is much more than that, for he includes complete accounts, for example, of the health conditions of Portsmouth and the then common notions of heart disease. These are well-done sections, and perhaps would have read well as journal articles. However, when added together, they become almost maddeningly too-thorough excursi. Some of the background material is necessary but the book would have benefited from some pruning. Also, a narrative should have replaced some of the graphs and charts. In a biography-which this book basically is-tables of percentages intrude rather than inform. In sum, there is much to be learned from the author's arduous work, but it could have been presented more directly, more simply, and more clearly.


Early reports pertaining to Non-Schmid phenomena of both slip and twinning in BCC and HCP structures and their effect on anisotropy and asymmetry were essentially attributed to either unusual activities of screw dislocations or to a certain solute effects on dislocation activity. In this study, ZHVKRZDQLPSRUWDQWDV\PPHWU\�RIWKH�^�� �`�WZLQQLQJDQGQRQEDVDOVOLSVWUHVVHVWKDWGHSHQG� on the initial texture. Crystal plasticity simulations and non-destructive EBSD suggested that these non-Schmid effects correlate with the effect of mantle plasticity, which changed with the nature RILQLWLDOWH(WXUH��7KHFULWLFDOVWUHVVHVIRUERWKRIWKHVHGHI RUPDWLRQPHFKDQLVPVZHUHLGHQWLoHG� to change by at least a factor of two for different initial textures of the same material composition. Sharp �oEHUVZHUHUHYHDOHGWRFDXVHVRIWHQLQJRIWZLQQLQJDQGKDUGHQL QJRIQRQEDVDOVOLS� while axisymmetric textures hardened twinning and softened non-basal slip. While both non-basal slip and twinning correspond to extended and liberated partial dislocations, respectively, these reversed tendencies could not be explained unless slip and twinning are considered as mutually competitive mechanisms. As low misoriented grain boundaries harden slip, twinning becomes softer. Conventional crystal plasticity based on a pseudo-slip approach for twinning was unable to capture these mantle-induced textural effects related to the magnesium asymmetry.


A key element to reversing ethnic cleansing is removing the threat of violence posed to internally displaced persons by the Janjaweed militias. The Sudanese government itself has demonstrated that it is unwilling or unable to control the militias maintain law and order and protect civilians. The increased African Union mission even with the agreed-upon additional troops and slightly more robust mandate to protect civilians under "imminent threat." cannot by itself do all that is necessary to create the conditions for voluntary safe return and reversal of ethnic cleansing. It must have a clear mandate under Chapter VII of the U.N. Charter and the African Union Charter to protect civilians; the United Nations must take the lead in developing and implementing a suitable plan to ensure return and reverse the ethnic cleansing in Darfur. Another key step is prosecution of Sudanese government military and civilian leaders and Janjaweed leaders alleged to be involved in the commission of war crimes and other criminal acts. It is unlikely the Sudanese government will prosecute Janjaweed or government leaders--- the Janjaweed represent the only political allies the government has in Darfur and prosecuting them would raise the possibility that they would provide evidence against higher-level government officials responsible for atrocities. Government efforts to end impunity such as the creation of a committee to address rape have been wholly inadequate. The international commission of inquiry established by Security Council Resolution 1564 is a belated but welcome step. However a Security Council referral of Darfur to the International Criminal Court will be essential to ensure prosecution of those top-level officials responsible for atrocities. This report documents and analyzes the continuing violence by all parties to the conflict obstacles to return and to the reversal of ethnic cleansing the government's efforts to end impunity and the international community's response so far to the ongoing human rights crisis in Darfur. This report is based on two Human Rights Watch research missions: one to North Darfur in July-August 2004 and another to Khartoum and Darfur in September-October 2004. In some cases the precise locations of incidents and other identifying details have been withheld to protect the security of the victims and witnesses. (excerpt)


The backbone of double bars is made out of double-frequency orbits, and loops, their maps, indicate the bars' extent, morphology and dynamics.


Based on mainland China scholars' 4 262 papers included by 78 kinds of MS/OR journals in the WOS database from 2001 to 2010,this paper adopt bibliometrics to analyze research situation and hot areas of MS/OR in mainland China quantitatively.The results show that the MS/OR in China's mainland has a rapid development from 2001 to 2010.The papers are still concentrated in a small number of published journals,and only 69 papers have been published in the TOP Journal.The two most productive institutions are the CAS and the Tsinghua University.Among the papers,43.87% have never been cited.Moreover,cooperation rate of the paper in author level is on the rise and there is unchanged in institutional and national levels.Additionally,the most widely studied research topics in china mainland include scheduling,linear matrix inequality;and genetic algorithm.


A study of coal upgrading by way of evaporative method using coal from South Sumatra is conducted. Preliminary inestigation on Upgrading of Brown Coal (UBC) process using Central and South Banko coals suggests that the process can be applied to both coals (called S-BK and C-BK) without any operational problem. It produces high quality-stable coals in the briquette form with a calorific value of more than 6,500kcal/kg. Moreover, its spontaneous combustion characteristic is also suppressed comparing to that conventional drying method. This is due to the addition of aspal (heavy oil) in the solution of kerosene, where the aspal then soaked in the micropore of to prevent reabsorption of water when put in the air. Kata Kunci: upgrading brown coal, Banko coal, briket batubara, spontaneous combustion


Provided is a compound capable of being used to treat diseases caused by cell proliferation and/or angiogenesis or diseases associated with or accompanied by the cell proliferation and/or the angiogenesis.


The transformation-competent genomic libraries of Oryza rufipugon Dongxiang wild rice and O.minuta were built up by the popular plant binary vector pCAMBIA1301 with the average insert fragments of 9.54 kb and 13.3 kb,respectively.Stability test shows that plasmid with 20 kb insert could keep stable in the host.The construction of wild rice transformation-competent genomic library built a strong basis for exploration of favorable genes from wild rice.


A plasma crucible (92) has a through bore (93) and two tubes (981,982) butt sealed on to the end faces (901,902) of the crucible. One (981) of the tubes is closed prior to the filling of the crucible. The tube is tipped off and worked in a glass lathe to form it to have a flat end (983). After evacuation, dosing and gas fill, the end (983) is heated to drive off impurities in the dose, with its active constituent condensing within the bore (93). Then, the other tube (902) is tipped off in the similar manner.


Abstract. This study aims to determine the Comparison of Stock Prices and Stock Returns before and after the Stock Split. This study uses a descriptive method with survey techniques at Sido Muncul company in 2020 with secondary data analysis using quantitative methods. The method in this study is ex-facto, meaning that this method comes from events that have occurred and will be compared with difference analysis techniques. The sampling technique used purposive sampling. The observation period of this research is 70 days before the Stock Split, namely 3 June to 11 September 2020, and after the Stock Split 14 September to 28 December 2020. The analytical tool used is the Wilcoxon singed rank test for the variable Stock Price and Stock Return using the SPSS 26 program. The results of this study indicate that there is a difference in the average stock price before and after the stock split and there is no difference in the average stock return before and after the stock split. Abstrak.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Perbandingan Harga Saham dan Return Saham sebelum dan sesudah Stock Split . Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan teknik survei pada perusahaan Sido Muncul tahun 2020 dengan analisis data sekunder menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Metode pada penelitian ini bersifat ex-facto, artinya metode ini berasal dari kejadian yang telah terjadi lalu akan dibandingkan dengan teknik analisis perbedaan. Teknik pengambilan sample menggunakan purposive sampling. Periode pengamatan penelitian ini adalah 70 hari sebelum Stock Split yaitu tanggal 3 Juni hingga 11 September 2020, dan sesudah Stock Split yaitu tanggal 14 September hingga 28 Desember 2020. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah uji Wilcoxon singed rank test untuk variabel Harga Saham dan Return Saham dengan menggunakan program SPSS 26. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan pada rata-rata Harga Saham sebelum dan sesudah Stock Split dan tidak terdapat perbedaan pada rata-rata Return Saham sebelum dan sesudah Stock Split .


Nitrobenzene is one of the contamination in environment.This paper discussed the hygienics of nitrobenzene and gives the general kind,the harm of health and the source of pollution,and the chemical examination.


New W,N-doped TiO 2 anatase-based materials are synthesized having both unprecedent high activity and selectivity in the gas-phase partial oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons using sunlight as excitation energy and molecular oxygen as oxidant.


We provide in this paper a multidimensional generalization of substitutions on words, which is de ned as the action on multidimensional sequences of a non-pointed substitution endowed with local rules. The non-pointed substitutions and the local rules have in the multidimensional case respectively the roles played by the substitutions de ned on letters and by the concatenation on words. This de nition then allows us to provide a (yet partial) multidimensional generalization of an algebraic characterization of Sturmian words that are xed-point or morphic image of a xed-point of a non-trivial substitution on words.


The pests and harmful rats are the most important diseases for timber forest. They have more serious effect on the growth of trees and the quality of wood. The control methods of the similar pests and harmful rats have many something in common. The pests are divided into leaf pests, shoot borer, wood borer and phloem borer. The practical control techniques of the most representativeness and the most important pests and harmful rats are studied. They are easy to operate with low cost and best effects.


The Inter Stand Cooling at wide strip hot mills par takes fundamentally in reaching and maintaining the required exit rolling temperature (ERT). Thus it enables to reach better and more homogeneous mechanical properties of a str ip, particularly in micro alloyed steels. ERT can be maintained constant on the whole strip length, even when transfer bar temp erature oscillates due to skid marks in slab or other reasons. Very important is the possibility to increase the mill production so that it enables to roll at higher speed or speed up. For the correct function of the Inter Stand Cooling it is necessary to fulfi ll two basic requirements – to keep at disposition an optimal hardware (cooling he aders with sufficient cooling power including the p ossibility of fast and fluent regulation of flow rate) and the advanced control s oftware, both for cooling setup, feed forward and f eedback control.


Poly (ethylene axide) (PEO) modified WO3 thin films were prepared on glass substrates with special temperature.The sol-gel transition proess was investigated by using DTA-TG,SEM and XRD.The electrochemical characteristic of the films was studied by cyclic voltmmetry measurement.The results show that PEO has heavy effects on the crystallization of WO3 during structure evolution because of the interaction between PEO and WO3.It increases the crystallization temperature of the gels and thus improves the electrochemical properties and cyclic life of WO3 film as electrochromic materials.


This paper establishes the necessary and sufficient conditions for the reality of all the zeros in a polynomial sequence $\{P_i\}_{i=1}^{\infty}$ generated by a three-term recurrence relation $P_i(x)+ Q_1(x)P_{i-1}(x) +Q_2(x) P_{i-2}(x)=0$ with the standard initial conditions $P_{0}(x)=1, P_{-1}(x)=0,$ where $Q_1(x)$ and $Q_2(x)$ are arbitrary real polynomials.


Abstract Hair-snare sampling has become a popular technique to assess distribution and abundance of felids. Using standard hair-snaring protocols, we sampled for margays (Leopardus wiedii) in Mexico and mountain lions (Puma concolor) in California, USA, without success. However, we noted a preponderance of gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) hair at sampling stations. Our review of recent literature suggests a pattern of failure to detect target felids in hair-snare surveys conducted within the range of the gray fox. We propose, among several alternative explanations, that marking by gray foxes interferes with the tendency of felids to face-rub at sampling stations.


A typical Surround View System consists of several cameras on the vehicle perimeter. This document proposes three novel methods for the extrinsic calibration of Surround View Systems (SVS). I — The first approach uses a single calibration pattern placed step-by-step on the vehicle perimeter. II — The second approach uses several calibration patterns placed on the ground plane. The vehicle drives between the calibration setup. No knowledge of the vehicle's location relative to the calibration patterns is necessary; only distances between the calibration patterns are required. III — The last approach gives the most flexibility in calibration. The features are distributed on the ground plane arbitrarily. The vehicle drives forward and backward and all extrinsic calibration parameters are automatically estimated. Each of these approaches provide very good calibration results, sufficient for the correct operation of SVS.


Hailey–Hailey disease (HHD; MIM 16960) is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary disorder characterized by recurrent eruption of vesicles and bullae, predominantly involving the body folds. It is caused by heterozygous mutations in the ATP2C1 gene, encoding the human secretory pathway Ca2+/Mn2+‐ATPase protein 1 (hSPCA1). When we studied Chinese patients with HHD, we found two different heterozygous mutations, Q506X and G353V, the former previously reported in a Hungarian patient, and the latter being a novel mutation. In a 38‐year‐old patient from a four‐generation pedigree with a 3‐year history of severe recurrent blisters, we identified a C→T transition at nucleotide 1696, c(1696C→T), in exon 17 of ATP2C1, resulting in a nonsenes mutation, Gln506X, which resulted in a premature termination codon. In the second patient, who represented a occurrence of sporadic Hailey–Hailey disease, a G→T transversion of nucleotide, c(G1238T), in exon 13 of ATP2C1 was detected, which resulted in a Gly353→Val amino acid substitution (G353V). Our molecular findings further demonstrate that the mutational events in the human ATP2C1 gene encoding the hSPCA1 pump play an important role in the pathogenesis of HHD.


This paper describes the context in which the curriculum is being implemented and my role in its implementation. In addition, this paper also discusses three improvements that should be made to the curriculum: teacher clarity, feedback, and problem-solving teaching. How the improvements will be implemented and how their progress will be tracked will be covered. RESEARCH ON EFFECTIVE SCHOOLING 3 Applying Research on Effective Schooling in Middle Grades Classrooms A curriculum that has proven to help students achieve on the state mandated tests may seem like the last item on a long list of items that need improvement. However, after teaching the curriculum for a year and seeing how the rest of the school is focusing on the curriculums success, I argue that it is the first item on the list that needs improving. If we expect to set up similar curriculums in other content areas, then we need to be sure that we are working the kinks out in the prototype before we send it out to be mass produced. This paper describes the context in which the curriculum is being implemented and my role in its implementation. In addition, this paper also discusses three improvements that should be made to the curriculum, how they will be implemented, and how their progress will be tracked.


Radial distribution pattern of heat source can be supposed to be influenced not only on the kerf shape but also on the gouging characteristics, that is based on the previous our reports that are Report 1 and 2 of this series. And then, it was clarified that the heat source can be assumed to be exponentially decreasing type along the flow axis. Moreover, the authors have made the new simulation algorithm to estimate the kerf shape and gouging depth at various cutting conditions in the Report 3 of this series.So, the relationships between the heat distribution pattern and the cutting characteristics were examined in the present study with the simulation program that was described in the Report 3.Gaussian type, a truncated corn type and a near square type were selected for the radial heat distribution model of heat source in the calculation. The simulated results were verified with some experimental results with various sorts of working gas ; argon, argon-hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen that are used to change the radial heat distribution pattern of heat source.As a result, it was clarified that the radial heat distribution pattern remarkably influences the kerf shape and the relationship between cutting speed and gouging depth. The bevel angel of kerf was improved by using a heat source of near square distribution pattern. And then, in this case of heat source, the gouging depth (cutting depth) and cutting speed was in almost inverse proportion to each other. Moreover, it was made clear that the differences of cutting characteristics among various sorts of gas can be explained by the radial heat distribution pattern.


As a personality right,the citizen right to privacy is under the protection of law.This right,reflects the progress of civilization and meets the basic demands of autonomy,self-discipline,and maintenance of one's own rights.Many countries attach great inportance of the protection of such a right and there are direct or indirect rules and regulations.China has adopted an indirect way of protection and results in limitations.It is necessary for as to take examples from other countries and to perfect the legal protection of right to privacy.


Based on the city dynamic panel data from 1992 to 2012, using the System GMM to empirical analysis the impact of vocational education on urbanization quality in the central region, this paper finds that the vocational education is beneficial to the improvement of the urbanization quality in central region. Thereinto, secondary and higher vocational education but non elementary vocational education plays a positive effect, promoting effect of secondary vocational education on the urbanization quality is the largest before 2001, while promoting effect of the higher vocational education on the urbanization quality is the largest after 2001. Vocational education is beneficial to the improvement of the urbanization quality in provincial capital cities and prefecture level city, but it does not show similar effects in the county-level cities. The promoting effect of vocational education on the urbanization quality is the largest in provincial capital cities before 2001,while vocational education has played a major effect in prefecture level cities after 2001. Before 2001, relative to prefecture level cities, promoting effect of secondary vocational education on the urbanization quality is the more significant in provincial capital cities; after 2001, promoting effect of higher vocational education on urbanization quality is the most significant. In the sample period, the elementary vocational education does not significantly improve the urbanization quality in provincial capital cities, prefecture level cities and county-level cities.


Paul Morand's 1971 book Venises leads the reader on a labyrinthine path not only through the various manifestations of the city of Venice and of the life of the author that it presents, but also through the slippery experience of referentiality as the text engulfs the reader in proper names. This article traces Morand's simultaneous construction and destruction of the notion of a referential self as he pieces together his life in and around the city of Venice. By exploiting the complementary genres of autobiography and travel writing, Morand creates a dialogue between the city and the self, an exchange facilitated by the hydra-like city of Venice. Morand, like Proust, "does not say Venice by chance" as he capitalizes on the ever-receding signifier of Venice in order to provide a space in which to elide that particular self, Morand the collaborator, that he wishes to disappear amid the pluralities of his city of Venice. This pluralistic relationship of the self and the city and its consequent "disappearing act" consciously implicates both the position and the experience of the reader not only of Venises but of referential texts in general.


Summary Sclerosing mesenteritis or panniculitis is a rare condition characterized by inflammation of the mesentery ranging from acute to a chronic fibrotic process that can resemble an intestinal malignant neoplasm even though it is benign. Its etiology is unknown, although it is thought to be the result of an unspecific inflammatory response of the mesentery to an allergic, chemical, thermal, infectious, autoimmune or surgical stimulus. Its natural history is benign and in most cases is self-limited. Surgery is reserved only in cases of intestinal obstruction. We report three cases of sclerosing mesenteritis that occurred after abdominal surgery and a review of the literature.


Copyright system is just one of the mechanisms for encouraging creation.It is not the sole mechanism for this purpose.The produce of the said system profited from both the political context of 18th century and the Reformation of 16th century.As to the writer of a work,this mechanism promotes the independence of the author.It is the concepts such as inspiration,originality,and genius that distinguish an author from a copier and justify the cognition of copyright.The process of developing the said concepts resulted from the spread of knowledge which promoted the expansion of the reading market,making it possible for an author to make a living by his paper and pen.


Mr Dixie Tamati tells the story of his father Tamati Babo who worked as a carrier for the Australians during the War.


In order to ensure the message to be transmitted and informed each other timely and effectively,we designed the Information Exchange Book and regulated the detailed rules of the contents,application and management.The use of Information Exchange Book guaranteed the fast transmission of the message,provided evidence for important information,and ensured the effectiveness of nursing management,which became a bridge of information transmission and affection communication.


The basic ideas and theory of ActivityBased Costing was described.The mould price structure was analyzed and the general course of mould production was summarized.The activity center and every activity in mould designing and manufacturing were divided.The activity cost database and cost driver were confirmed.It concludes that if the mould enterprise uses activity-based cost,cost of mould can be reduced.Therefore,the risk in market competition can be decreased and the key competition ability can be enhanced finally in the market.


Delineating the process of guidelines is the fundamental step that should be agreed upon prior to working on the details of the guidelines. The Lung Cancer Guideline Committee agreed on the process described below in order to develop framework of the Committee. Experiences of other organizations in developing guidelines have been taken into consideration.


This article examines the effectiveness of the Early Head Start (EHS) home-based program for children and families at the end of the program and 2 years later, with a particular focus on the role of program implementation in the impacts of the EHS home-based program on child and family outcomes.


Japan is a land of frequent earthquakes, and developing effective means for preventing and mitigating disasters in their aftermath is a matter of deep and widespread concern. The time and location of their occurrence is essentially unpredictable, and interest therefore centers on preventing and mitigating damage. A key prerequisite for effective mitigation is rapid, accurate appraisal of conditions in the stricken region. For this purpose, the development of systems for concurrent, parallel information gathering, capable of covering a broad range of affected areas and conditions, is critical. In the DDT Project, 'Development of Advanced Robots and Information Systems for Disaster Response.' of the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), the development effort for rescue robots and other next-generation basic technologies for disaster prevention and mitigation has included the development of interlinked rescue robots, airborne vehicles, sensors, and other elements of disaster area information gathering technologies (Tadokoro, 2009). A related recent development has been the trend toward ubiquitous computing (Weiser, 1991), data carriers (Takeda, 1991), and related technologies, with research and development in progress for the creation of intelligent information environments to support and aid in daily life and living. In parallel with these advances, the authors have developed an intelligent data carrier (IDC) for rescue, designed to support the search for victims immediately after an earthquake (Kurabayashi et al., 2003); (Asama et al., 2005); (Kawabata et al. 2006); (Hada et al., 2006). The rescue IDC is a small device with wireless radio communication capability, for installation in living environments. In the wake of an earthquake, this device can send out voice calls to any who might be trapped in the rubble and record their responses. With multiple deployments, the IDCs enable parallel searches for victims throughout the stricken area. In a separate study, Takizawa et al. (2007) has applied RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) technology to the development of an information transmission system in which wireless tags are permanently installed along streets and other routes to collect information on the stricken area, so that victims trying to leave the area and rescue personnel can perform non-contact automated gathering of the information. In the wake of a disaster, however, the rescue IDCs may not be available where


It discloses a beverage container bow ribbon labels herein. Bow ribbon label may comprise a first sheet that is at least a portion attached to the beverage container. Bow ribbon label may also include a second sheet that is at least a portion attached to the first sheet. The first sheet and the second sheet may have a first form and the second form. In addition, the bow ribbon label may include a Velcro strap arranged to be positioned at least a portion attached to the sheets between the first sheet and the second sheet. In this way, by moving the pulling straps it can change the first sheet and the second sheet between the first form and the second form. In some examples, the second aspect may comprise a shape similar to the bow ribbons.


A major limitation of all past quantitative reviews of the relationships among role stresses and job performance is that none of them has investigated theoretically meaningful mediators of these relationships. As a consequence, the nature of the processes leading from role stresses to job performance has not yet been systematically explored. Our article addresses this lacuna in past meta-analytic studies (for a recent review of these meta-analytic studies, see Gilboa, Shirom, Fried, & Cooper, 2008). We use structural equation modeling (SEM) to compare the fit of several alternative role stress → job satisfaction and propensity to leave → job performance models to a meta-analytic data set.