Online advertising represents a growing part of the revenues of major Internet service providers such as Google and Yahoo. A commonly used strategy is to place advertisements (ads) on the search result pages according to the users' submitted queries. Relevant ads are likely to be clicked by a user and to increase the revenues of both advertisers and publishers. However, bid phrases defined by ad-owners are usually contained in limited number of ads. Directly matching user queries with bid phrases often results in finding few appropriate ads. To address this shortcoming, query expansion is often used to increase the chances to match the ads. Nevertheless, query expansion on top of the traditional inverted index faces efficiency issues such as high time complexity and heavy I/O costs. Moreover, precision cannot always be improved, sometimes even hurt due to the involvement of additional noise. In this paper, we propose an efficient ad search solution relying on a block-based index able to tackle the issues associated with query expansion. Our index structure places clusters of similar bid phrases in corresponding blocks with their associated ads. It reduces the number of merge operations significantly during query expansion and allows sequential scans rather than random accesses, saving I/O costs. We adopt flexible block sizes according to the clustering results of bid phrases to further optimize the index structure for efficient ad search. The pre-computation of such clusters is achieved through an agglomerative iterative clustering algorithm. Finally, we adapt the spreading activation mechanism to return the top-k relevant ads, improving search precision. The experimental results of our prototype, AdSearch, show that we can indeed return a larger number of relevant ads without sacrificing execution speed.

http://140.122.184.128/presentation/10-09-28/Efficient Query Expansion for Advertisement Search.pdf


Abstract The optical transmission of thick samples of 2H-MoS2 and 2H-MoSe2 has been measured below the A exciton energy for each material. The absorption coefficients have been calculated, and the low absorption starting at 1·1–1·2 eV has been attributed to an indirect d-d transition for both materials. There appears to be considerable d-p valence band overlap giving rise to further higher absorption before the strong A, B excitons, which have been associated with direct transitions from a p-like valence band. An energy band scheme has been sketched on the basis of these interpretations.


The mission of the High Energy Physics (HEP) program is to support exploration of the physical universe through the discovery and study of the elementary constituents of matter and energy and the nature of space and time. These areas of research are an integral component for the advancement of all science and technology and an expression of society's timeless intellectual quest to understand the universe. The Standard Model of particle physics represents an unprecedentedly successful description of the elementary particles and their interactions; however, we know this model is incomplete and our - present understanding indicates the existence of a more fundamental underlying theory. Elucidating this deeper theory requires a broad research program at the complementary and interrelated Energy, Intensity, and Cosmic Frontiers of particle physics. At the Intensity Frontier, intense particle beams are utilized to investigate the properties of neutrinos and rare processes, both probes of new physics. Results from the last decade conclusively demonstrate that the three known neutrinos have nonzero mass, mix with one another, and oscillate between generations-properties which represent tantalizing hints of physics beyond the Standard Model. Cosmology indicates that the neutrino mass is less than one-millionth that of the electron, yet oscillation studies from experiments find tiny, but nonzero, mass differences between neutrino generations and large values for two of the three mixing angles. Currently, the individual masses are unknown and only an upper limit exists for the third angle. The recent progress in neutrino physics has laid the basis for new discovery opportunities. As a fundamental physical constant, measurement of the unknown third mixing angle is of great interest and will influence the direction and evolution of an international neutrino program. Determining the relative masses and mass ordering of the three known neutrinos will give guidance and constraints to theories beyond the Standard Model. The study and observation of the different behavior of neutrinos and antineutrinos traversing matter will offer insight into the dominance of matter over antimatter in our universe and, therefore, the very structure of our universe. The only other source of the matter-antimatter asymmetry, in the quark sector, is too small to account for the observed matter dominance. A popular hypothesis asserts that the asymmetry arises from neutrino interactions and is the subject of intense research. to deep underground location for possible future enhancements) and potential for attracting additional resources external to DOE to support possible future enhancements and a broader based physics program in support of mission need. Based on the above considerations, the alternative, Construct a new low energy neutrino beamline with a 10 kton liquid LAr-TPC surface detector at Homestake site in South Dakota, at a 1,300 km baseline distance from Fermilab, is the recommended alternative for LBNE. This preference is driven by the scientific advantages of a longer distance baseline between the neutrino source and detector afforded by siting the detector on the Homestake site. This alternative requires a new neutrino beamline to meet the necessary beam directional, energy and long-term operability requirements needed to initiate and sustain the LBNE program. This


We very much appreciate the interest Dr Shrier has shown in our paper. We are glad of this opportunity to address his comments and to point to some subsequent analysis of the data represented in the motivating gabapentin example discussed throughout our paper. On his first point (Figure 1B and his paragraphs 2–4), Dr Shrier has misunderstood the available data from the Gabapentin trial with regard to the definition of the outcome variable Y. Without going into a full description of the randomized trial that involved 8 weeks of treatment, Y was defined as the observed pain score at the end of the trial (the average of the pain scores during the final week of assessment to be more precise). Thus no variables were measured 'after'Y. In particular, no perception measurements were made after the outcome variable Y was measured. For this reason, his Figure 1B does not reflect the actual data structure, and is thus not relevant to the analysis that it motivated and that is described in our paper. Thus there is no bias introduced in our analysis of the kind Dr Shrier claims because we have not conditioned on something that is caused by Y. Ignoring the apparent misconceptions concerning the timing of the variables actually used in our analysis, a fuller version of the gabapentin data includes information on perception and intermediate pain scores measured at different time points during the trial. As is suggested by Dr Shrier's comments, this enriched data allow an analysis under a different causal model, with a more nuanced direct acyclic graph (DAG), one which allows the potential of time-dependent confounding of intermediate pain scores (i.e. of potential efficacy) between treatment assignment and perception, as shown in Figure 1; for simplicity, we focus on only two time measurements for perception, with A and W(0) representing treatment assignment and baseline covariates, respectively, and, for simplicity, omit from Figure 1 assumed causal effects that link any past variable directly with any future variable (e.g. direct links between A and W(1), P(2), Y etc.). Here, P(1), P(2) and W(1) represent perception measurements and potential time-dependent confounders respectively, the former measured at two different time points during the study (for example, during the first and last four weeks of the 8-week treatment period); finally Y denotes the final outcome of interest, or pain measured during the 8th week. It is key to note here that the set of confounders W(1) can include intermediate pain scores. In our paper, we carried out a simpler analysis that ignored such time-dependent effects as we indicated in the final paragraph of our discussion. As Dr Shrier has indicated – and we concur – if


Hard news in English is characterized as being 'factual', 'neutral' and 'objective'. However, research shows that, despite the characterization of 'neutrality', reporters take a subjective stance towards the event or issue being reported (White 1997). This stance is a veiled stance, in the sense, that the journalist avoids explicit opinion, preferring to use indirect invocation and the 'voices' of other authoritative sources to present and or support the writer's position. While the register of hard news is well understood in English, this is not the case in Vietnamese. Further, journalism in Vietnam occurs within the context of a Communist state, which undoubtedly influences the news stories. This chapter sets out to investigate the nature of a hard news story in Vietnamese published in the Nhan Dan Daily (The People's Daily) . The article reports on the Iraqi war, particularly the Abu Ghraib prisoner scandal. Appraisal theory, particularly, attitude and engagement, is used as the tool of analysis to explore the reporter's opinions and


Error analysis is an analytical study of linguistic errors committed by an individual or group of individuals during the production of the first second language in speech or book. This analysis is concerned with classifying errors from two aspects: linguistic classification, such as grammatical errors, spelling, writing, or semantics. The Sinaitic classification is a mistake due to the first language to the second language, or a coincidental error. Error analysis focuses on the target language, it is known that there is a difference between languages in several areas and from structures, book and sound. This difference causes problems for students in learning the target language and makes mistakes in some areas, and the analysis reveals all the errors found. Grammatical errors include phonemes, morphology, and grammar, and the results of the book research indicated that grammatical errors are more frequent when a foreign language learner in the process of linguistic skill, and because one of the goals of teaching grammar rules in education stages is to establish the tongue and reduce melody in speech, the learner reads, speaks, or books He did not raise up, nor did he shorten erect.


Nanoscale ferroelectric 2D materials offer unique opportunity to investigate curvature and strain effects on materials functionalities. Among these, CuInP2S6 (CIPS) has attracted tremendous research interest in recent years due to combination of room temperature ferroelectricity, scalability to a few layers thickness, and unique ferrielectric properties due to coexistence of 2 polar sublattices. Here, we explore the local curvature and strain effect on the polarization in CIPS via piezoresponse force microscopy and spectroscopy. To explain the observed behaviors and decouple the curvature and strain effects in 2D CIPS, we introduce finite element Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire model. The results show that bending induces ferrielectric domains in CIPS, and the polarization-voltage hysteresis loops differ in bending and non-bending regions. Our simulation indicates that the flexoelectric effect can affect local polarization hysteresis. These studies open a novel pathway for the fabrication of curvature-engineered nanoelectronic devices.


As more soil was added to basic media (wheat straw∶dry cattle excrement=3∶2),the multiple medias volume weight increased,total porosity and aeration porosity decreased,and water-holding porosity kept invariable. The best cucumber plug-seedling could be obtained on media blended with (15±5)% soil,which volume weight,total porosity,aeration porosity and EC value respectively were 0.337-0.444 g/cm3,81.2%-86.0%,21.5%-27.1% and 1.87-2.57 mS/cm. Compared to the sand soil,clay soil was more proper for plug seedling,which media blended with 20% soil.


Forty-six littermate boars and barrows of both Lacombe and Yorkshire breeding were fed a 16% protein diet from weaning to slaughter at 90 kg. Pigs were killed at a local abattoir, and fresh products were processed at the Research Station Meats Laboratory. Hams and bacon were cured and smoked at a local abattoir. Forty-eight families received analogous samples of ham, bacon, sausage, fresh roasts and fresh pork chops from both boars and littermate barrows. Families rated the cooked samples for odor, flavor and tenderness and indicated their preference as well as their reason for preference. There were no significant differences in organoleptic scores for any of the products tested but consumers preferred products from barrows more often than products from boars. Boars had higher levels of 5α androstenone in loin fat and significantly higher levels in ham fat (P < 0.01). Levels of androstenone in ham fat did not differ significantly after processing (curing and smoking). Boar bacon shrank significantly more...


We project the future trends of the japanese saving rates with special emphasis on an analysis of the consumption and saving behavior of the household sector. Notable feature of our modeling is that savings are divided into financial and real savings components. This approach is useful since the motivations for savings depends on what life stage the household stands and each motivati9on is realized as a special form of savings. In particular we can incorporate the change in the age structure of the popualtion into our specification.


This paper presents updated estimates of the optical ice absorption spectrum in the visible based on a large set of new measurements of light extinction near the surface in Antarctic snow. The very weak optical ice absorption in the UV and visible creates experimental challenges which different techniques have been used to overcome. Lab measurements have been of limited use due to the required long path lengths and very pure ice samples. Measurements in deep natural ice in Antarctica by AMANDA (e.g., Ackermann et al., 2006) found that absorption in the visible is still dominated by dust contamination even for this extremely clean ice so intrinsic absorption by pure ice is experimentally hard to disentangle from absorption by impurities. Therefore, it has not been possible to definitely determine how strong optical absorption by pure ice actually


An experiment was conducted to assess the effects of token reinforcement and remediation on the rate, accuracy, and linguistic content of sentence composition by deaf-aphasic children. The eight subjects were 8-11 year-old deaf-aphasic students at a residential/day school for the deaf. Sixty-two experimental sessions were run in which subjects wrote sentences for a total of 10 minutes each session. The experiment was conducted in the visual response system, each subject utilizing an overhead projector so that his/her writing was directly visible to allow immediate consequation. The results indicate that effective control was established over the sentence writing behavior of the subjects. The instatement of reinforcement and remediation as consequences for grammatically and conceptually appropriate composition resulted in response rates and levels of accuracy markedly higher than baseline level. These sentences, however, were largely simple subject-verb-object structures void of modifiers of any kind. When maximum reinforcement was contingent upon writing correct sentences including prenominal adjectives, the subjects quickly began to include correctly prenominal adjectives in their sentences. A subsequent experimental phase made maximum reinforcement contingent upon writing correct sentences containing adverbs. Subjects then began to compose many correct sentences including adverbs. A final experimental phase made maximum reinforcement contingent upon writing correct sentences including both prenominal adjectives and adverbs.


This paper sets out, at a high level, the methods in which i2 solutions will enable value in the 21/sup st/ century enterprise. With regards to the purposes of the Winter Simulation Conference, we show how simulation fits within our solution set and how we have extended the principles of simulation.


Fe∶NiO_x thin films as anode catalysis of photoelectrochemical hydrogen production using solar cells were deposited by RF reactive magnetron sputtering in oxygen and argon atmosphere.The oxygen content varied from 10% to 40%.The relations between oxygen content and electrochemical,physical properties were convinced by the characterization of oxygen overpotential,structure,surface morphology,composition and transparency.When the current density was 8mA/cm~2,the oxygen overpotential was 250mV.With the increasing of oxygen content,the overpotential and transparency were all decreased,and this was related with the structure and composition of the films.


A major problem with silicon solar cells is that they lose efficiency with increased operating temperature, at a rate of about 0.5% per 1°C increase. This causes a significant reduction in power output, particularly in hot climates. A solution in the form of an optical coating is presented, which reflects infrared (IR) radiation to limit the module temperature increase. The optical coating is also anti-reflecting (AR) in the visible wavelength range, increasing the amount of light reaching the cell absorber. Modelling results show that the weighted average reflection (WAR) is reduced to 1.22% in the wavelength range associated with the band gap of silicon. The optical coating then reflects up to 70% of the infra-red. Although the model presented is based on silicon, the coating design can be modified to work with other photovoltaic technologies. The coating design uses only 4 layers and can be deposited using conventional high throughput magnetron sputtering systems already familiar to glass manufacturers. Preliminary work on optimising the coating deposition parameters is also presented here alongside modelling results. Deployment of the infra-red reflecting optical coating on solar cover glass represents a potential breakthrough in solar technology and will result in a significant increase in the power output of photovoltaic modules.


Summary The present study investigated the relative weights of four types of beliefs in predicting overt behaviors. The four types of beliefs were defined on the basis of the theory of Kreitler and Kreitler (1976) who maintain that behaviors are predicted from general beliefs, beliefs about self, beliefs about norms, and beliefs about goals. Six behaviors ware measured: punctuality, conformity, assertiveness, orderliness, pain-tolerance, and honesty. For each behavior, a questionnaire consisting of the four types of beliefs was constructed. The six questionnaires were administered to 48 undergraduates and the six overt behaviors were measured either in the laboratory or in real life situations. The results indicate that norm beliefs were the best single predictor of orderliness; that beliefs about self were the best single predictor of punctuality; and that general beliefs were the best single predictor of assertiveness, pain tolerance, and conformity. Honesty was not significantly predicted from the beli...


the microchannel heatsink (MCHS) has been shown to be a very compact, effective heat transfer structure. It has the capability to provide cooling for high speed computer chips, laser diodes arrays, radio and microwave frequency amplifiers and other high power electronic devices. As an example of its capability a 1 kW/cm{sup 2} heat dissipation has been obtained with a 100{degree}C temperature differential between the active device surface and the water coolant. In order to understand and predict the thermal performance of the MCHS using various power devices, different coolants, and structural configurations a computer program MCHSCALC has been written. This program has been verified by comparison to experimental data. 7 refs., 4 figs., 4 tabs.


Japanese pear anthracnose (JPA) can cause severe tree defoliation during the growing season. Infected trees become weak and produce fewer flower buds the following spring. This economically serious fungal plant disease has affected culti-vated pears in Japan since 1910. Initially, JPA was controlled by benzimidazole fungicides. However, benzimidazole-resistant pathogen strains emerged in the late 1990s, and the range of JPA has expanded in Japan. Since then strobilurin-quinone outside inhibitors (ST-QoIs) such as azoxystrobin and kresoxim-methyl became popular, but ST-QoI-resistant pathogen strains appeared. By 2005, JPA control became difficult once again. In this chapter, we outline the history of JPA fungicide resistance problems, assess advantages and disadvantages of available fungicide options, and develop JPA management strategies based on evidences we obtained from a series of field and lab studies.


We consider properties of symmetric and supersymmetric polynomials on rings of multisets. Using supersymmetric polynomials we found some conditions of the existence and uniqueness of solutions of algebraic equations on the ring of complex multisets. Obtained results can be applied to hash functions in blockchain technology, for comparing big sets of data and to neural networks with symmetric input data.


Video cassettes came out "on top" in a test of teaching effectiveness. This article is available in Journal of Applied Communications: https://newprairiepress.org/jac/vol59/iss3/2 Video Cassettes "Tops"


Over the past century in six major economies, economic growth has been strongly associated with machinery investment, as is the case for a larger group of nations since 1950. Both macroeconomic patterns and narratives of the history of technology suggest that this association is causal—that a high rate of machinery investment appears to be a necessary prerequisite for rapid long-run growth—and points away from possibilities that rapid growth is the cause of high machinery investment or that a high rate of machinery investment is a good proxy for other factors that are important causes of growth.


No wonder you activities are, reading will be always needed. It is not only to fulfil the duties that you need to finish in deadline time. Reading will encourage your mind and thoughts. Of course, reading will greatly develop your experiences about everything. Reading cancer and vitamin c a discussion of the nature causes prevention and treatment of cancer with special reference is also a way as one of the collective books that gives many advantages. The advantages are not only for you, but for the other peoples with those meaningful benefits.


In this article we prove the substantiation of the method of full averaging for the set integrodifferential equations with small parameter.


This paper broadens our understanding of politically active conservative women by analyzing how Republican women elected officials and professional activists negotiate the tension between traditional views of motherhood and their desire to engage politically. This tension was exposed nationally when Sarah Palin, a mother of five, was nominated by Republican presidential candidate John McCain to be his running mate. Palin's vice presidential bid generated significant controversy and national debate. Shaping many of these conversations was one important fact – that Palin is the mother of young children. References to her gender and maternal status influenced the campaign and generated public discussions about whether or not mothers of young children should seek elective office. Leaving aside the specific case of Palin, I consider her candidacy as a canvas upon which deliberations about motherhood and politics can be considered. I examine public statements from national conservative women's organizations about Palin's bid for office and find that these leaders have transformed conservative rhetoric about motherhood to construct a new conservative supermom.


A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was undertaken to evaluate the priming effect on the cervix and also the effect on the subsequent induction of labor. 0.5 mg oral PGEj or placebo was given hourly for two 12‐h periods. A total of 191 women with risk pregnancies and Bishop score < 5 were studied. The induction of labor was carried out with oxytocin or oral PGE2 in a randomized manner. Labor was induced in 39% of the women during the PGEj priming. The best result, 71% vaginal deliveries, was achieved with the combination of PGE2 priming and induction of labor with oxytocin.


ed 14 Ju ny. E-m omte@ n.com. la Côte eloneta Seismic imaging and inversion techniques are designed to transorm the recorded seismic wavefield into a physically meaningful nd well-resolved image of the earth's interior. The corresponding pproaches are often applied on a certain scale, ranging from investiations of the shallow subsurface, via the characterization of reseroirs for mineral and hydrocarbon exploration, gas sequestration, or ydrothermal studies, to regional and global seismological soundngs of the earth's crust, mantle, and core. The related methodologies re rapidly evolving within academia as well as different industry ranches, making increased use of the complete wavefield and sohisticated acquisition strategies. Inspired by the success of a session on advances on seismic inverion and imaging held April 2008 at the annual meeting of the Euroean Geophysical Union, we proposed to organize such a special ection for GEOPHYSICS and to invite papers describing the theory, pplications, and benefits of advanced imaging/inversion schemes. ur principal aim was to review the theories of these techniques as ell as their applications on various scales and within different geoogic settings. We were hoping to not only foster a knowledge transer and cross-fertilization between the different communities workng on different targets but also to encourage the development of new cale-independent imaging/inversion techniques for an improved maging/inversion and characterization of the subsurface. After the submission deadline of 31 December 2008, we had reeived more than 60 papers, from which 48 papers finally made it nto what has become a supplement. Some of the other papers are till being revised and will hopefully appear as regular GEOPHYSICS rticles in a later issue. The ratio of authors from academic instituions and industry is about one-to-one, with a broad spectrum of paer topics covering different methodologies and aspects of inversion roblems, from borehole studies to regional crustal investigations, nd with a significant number of papers describing nonprofit appli-


A new copper(I) pyrazine-bridged coordination polymer [Cu2(pyz)3(NO3)2]·2DMF] (pyz = pyrazine) (1) has been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, TG/DTG, DSC and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The X-ray crystallographic result reveals a two-dimensional network structure containing hexagonal pores. Thermal analysis of compound 1 reveals it is stable to 380 °C, and gas sorption studies showed that it adsorbs 1.04 wt% hydrogen at 1 atm and 77 K. Compound 1 crystallizes in a triclinic system, space group P-1 (no. 2), a = 7.9550(2) Å, b = 7.9810(2) Å, c = 11.0660(3) Å, α = 76.328(1)°, β = 71.115(1)°, γ = 84.577(1)°, V = 645.79(3) Å3, Z = 2, T = 150(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 1.709 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.639 g/cm3, 11111 reflections measured (7° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 54.96°), 2951 unique (Rint = 0.0539) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0346 (>2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.0727 (all data).


Nueropsychology and Reading. The Theoretical Background. Allocation to Sub--type. Intervention Method I. Intervention Method II. Experimental Work Into HAS. Experimental Work Into HSS studies. Implications of Neuropsychological Intervention in The Treatment of dyslexia. Appendix 1: Classification method. Appendix 2: Examples of materials for L--type and P--type pubils. Glossary of terms. References. Index.


The lipidic phytohormone jasmonyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile) is a key mediator of stress-versus-growth signaling in vascular plants. Upon its accumulation, JA-Ile is detected by the F box receptor protein COI1 (CORONATINE INSENSITIVE1), which in turn leads to the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation


The average number of hours that college students study each week has been declining for decades (Babcock & Marks, 2011). This trend in student academic behavior raises serious concern about how much students are learning in college and has prompted a reexamination of factors related to the studying behavior of students. The authors of this article examine the pivotal role that self-regulation or self-governance behaviors play in student study habits and personal development, and what colleges and universities can do to encourage greater time on task in collegiate academic work.


Interactions between the terrestrial endemic Cymbidiella flabellata (Thou.) Rolfe (Orchidaceae) and flower-visiting insects were observed in a marsh on the east coast of Madagascar. The plant acted by deceit. Two large sphecid wasp species, females of Sceliphron fuscum Klug and males of Sphex torridus Sm. (Hymenoptera, Sphecidae), made frequent visits to the showy, ca. 5 cm wide, nectarless and fragrant flowers. During a visit the wasps alighted on the large, hinged labellum which they depressed while forcing their heads towards the basal cavity below the column. When the wasps withdrew they pressed powerfully down on the labellum and brushed their heads backwards against the floral sexual organs removing the pollinarium with the frons or vertex – from which position pollination took place. The wasps on average visited only two flowers consecutively and about 55% of the flowers in the orchid population received visits. About six times more pollinaria were dispersed by pollen vectors than reached stigmas and a high proportion of the flowers were aborted due to lack of pollination. Data suggest that S. fuscum, a spider hunting and mud-daubing species, is a principal pollinator. C. flabellata is interpreted as playing the role of a generalized food-flower mimic which is specialized to moist habitats where females of S. fuscum collect mud for their nests.


In the one-particle single band approximation, which is the basis of the original Wannier result, commonly referred to as the Wannier-Stark ladder (WSL), we have extended the concept by predicting ...


ABSTRACT Productivity and essential oil composition of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) were evaluated under the subtropical region of north India. The crop was planted in mid-November and harvested at six different stages. The crop harvested at 225 days after transplanting yielded 88.03 L ha−1 essential oil which was at par with the yield obtained at 210 days (83.34 L ha−1). The essential oils extracted from whole aerial parts and leaves were analysed using gas chromatography–flame ionization detector and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry techniques. A total of 30 constituents, representing 96.2–98.2% of the total oil composition were identified. Major constituents of the oil were camphor (23.9–35.8%), 1,8-cineole (18.0–23.9%), α-pinene (4.5–14.4%), verbenone (6.5–12.4%), camphene (2.5–6.9%), limonene (2.1–2.8%), bornyl acetate (1.1–4.1%), α-terpineol (1.9–3.6%) and β-pinene (2.1–3.3%). In conclusion, cultivation of rosemary as a seasonal crop can produce good-quality essential oil in the subtropical region of north India.


Author's summary This study aimed to report the outcomes of a single tertiary transplantation center that actively uses marginal donors (MDs). Consecutive 73 heart transplantation (HTx) cases were analyzed retrospectively and 43.8% of donor hearts met the MD criteria. There was no statistically significant difference in primary graft dysfunction (PGD), 30-day mortality and long-term survival between MD and non-MD groups. Notably, HTx using MDs in low-risk recipients showed excellent outcome. These results suggest appropriately selected donor hearts declined as MDs may increase organ utilization without an increase in post-transplant mortality or PGD.


We address the problem of image sequence analysis by classification. As an example we consider the recognition of walking pedestrians in complex traffic scenes. Polynomial support vector machines are applied to complete image sequences, representing extremely high-dimensional input patterns, and to reduced feature sets obtained by standard "global" principal component analysis. These approaches are compared to the adaptable time delay neural network (ATDNN) algorithm based on receptive fields that perform a "local" spatio-temporal processing of the image sequence, generating feature sets that are classified by polynomial support vector-machines in an extended version of the ATDNN algorithm. The computational complexity of the local approaches is up to two and the memory demand up to four orders of magnitude lower than the corresponding values for the global approaches while the recognition performance of the local approaches is even higher than that of the global ones.


There is growing agreement among policymakers, health care professionals, and the aging industry in general that reverse mortgages can play an important role in financing our nation's long-term health care system, addressing many of our seniors' unmet needs.


Network softwarization emerged with the promise of network flexibility, rapid service revenues, while reducing at the same time the Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operational Expenditure (OPEX). This has attracted operators, service providers, and stakeholders to invest in enabling technologies, such as Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software Defined Networking (SDN). On the verge of 5G networks, the research community is still investigating the enhancement of these key components, taking into account several vital objectives, such as ultra-short latency, availability, Quality of Service (QoS), and Quality of Experience (QoE).


The invention discloses a flexible power generation device, which comprises a first assembly and a second assembly, wherein the first assembly is formed by combining a high-molecular polymer insulating layer and a first metal conducting layer deposited on the upper surface of the high-molecular polymer insulating layer; the second assembly is formed by combining a flexible substrate and a second metal conducting layer deposited on the upper surface of the flexible substrate together; a first electrode and a second electrode are formed on the edges of the first and the second metal conducting layers respectively; the edges of the outer sides of the first and the second assemblies are connected by utilizing a packaging technology; the lower surface of the high-molecular polymer insulating layer and the upper surface of the second metal conducting layer are bonded mutually; and a gap exists between lower surface of the high-molecular polymer insulating layer and the upper surface of the second metal conducting layer. The invention further discloses a corresponding manufacturing method. According to the invention, the material and the operation principle of a functional element for generating current, a matched structure and a manufacturing process of the functional element and the like are improved, so that the power generation device which has the advantages of compact structure, low cost and higher power output and is processed and manufactured conveniently can be obtained accordingly.


It has been greatly applied in agricultural sciences to retrieve large area soil moisture information accurately and promptly.The study area is located in Xuwen County which has regional features prominently.Dual-polarization ENVISAT-ASAR and MODIS images were used to retrieve soil moisture.The estimation of vegetation water content(VWC) of experiment regions was performed using MODIS-derived normalized difference water index(NDWI) near the experiment date.Compared with NDVI,NDWI is more suitable to high vegetation covering in the study area.NDWI can reflect changes when NDVI is saturated along with crop-growth.In the end the vegetation effects were eliminated from the total ENVISAT-ASAR backscattering coefficients by using "water-cloud" model,and then,we simulated the relation between the backscattering coefficient of bare soil and ground measured soil moisture after eliminating vegetation effect.The results showed that VV polarization fitting is better than HH polarization,with correlation coefficient 0.865 in VV polarization and 0.676 in HH polarization.The estimation of soil moisture content in vegetated areas should be further improved in the future.


A method for processing multimedia broadcasting data in a portable terminal while a car is driven is provided to guide a safe car driving in case that a user watches the multimedia broadcasting data while driving the car, specially when the user drives the car at a high speed, in an express way, or in a dangerous region such as a black spot for traffic accidents. A method for processing multimedia broadcasting data in a portable terminal while a car is driven comprises the following several steps. When the portable terminal outputs the multimedia broadcasting data, the portable terminal goes in a car driving mode if it recognizes that a user drives the car(401-409). The portable terminal checks a car driving function set in the car driving mode, drives a navigation module and gets car driving information(415). The portable terminal reflects the gotten car driving information in the car driving function, applies the car driving function to the multimedia broadcasting data, and outputs the multimedia broadcasting data(417).


This paper proposes a high-accuracy image correction method using SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform) and POC (Phase-Only Correlation) for multi-projector display. The accurate correspondence between the projector and camera images is required to achieve seamless imagery in a multiprojector display. The conventional methods need to project and take special light patterns on a screen many times to obtain the correspondence. On the other hand, the proposed method needs to take only one snapshot of ordinary images so as to realize real-time geometric correction of projector images. Through a set of experiments, we demonstrate that the proposed method is effective for practical use of multi-projector display compared with the conventional methods.


Abstract In vitro analysis of metabolic pathways is becoming a powerful method for gaining a deeper understanding of nature's core biochemical transformations. Through the astounding advances in biotechnology, the purification of the enzymatic components of a given metabolic pathway is becoming a tractable problem; such in vitro studies permit scientists to capture the fine details of the mechanisms, kinetics, and identities of organic products of enzymatic reactions. In this review, we describe eleven metabolic pathways that have been the subject of recently reported in vitro reconstitution studies. In addition, we have selected and analyzed a subset of four case studies within these eleven examples that exemplify the remarkable organic chemistry that occurs within biological systems. These examples serves as tangible reminders that nature's biochemical routes obey the fundamental principles of organic chemistry, as their chemical mechanisms are reminiscent of those occurring in conventional synthetic organic routes. The illustrations of biosynthetic chemistry presented in this review might inspire the development of biomimetic chemistries involving abiotic chemical techniques. 1 Introduction 2 Bacterial Metabolites 2.1 Fatty Acids 2.2 Farnesene 2.3 O-Polysaccharides 3 Plant Metabolites 3.1 Dhurrin 3.2 Camalexin 4 Polyketides and Nonribosomal Peptides 4.1 Aromatic Polyketides 4.1.1 Actinorhodin-Derived Polyketides 4.1.2 Enterocin 4.2 Fungal Polyketides 4.2.1 Norsolorinic Acid 4.2.2 Dihydromonacolin L 4.3 Assembly Line Polyketides and Nonribosomal Peptides 4.3.1 6-Deoxyerythronolide B 4.3.2 Asperlicin 5 Discussion of Chemical Insights 5.1 Allylic Carbocation Chemistry Drives Farnesene Synthesis 5.2 Multifunctional Oxidation Chemistry of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes 5.3 A Remarkable Favorskiiase Enzyme Within Enterocin Biosynthesis 5.4 Diels–Alder Chemistry Appears in Biology 6 Concluding Remarks


How do descriptive menu labels influence customers? In a six-week field experiment involving 140 customers, descriptive menu labels (such as "Grandma's zucchini cookies" or "succulent Italian seafood filet") increased sales by 27% and improved attitudes towards the food, attitudes towards the restaurant, and intentions towards repatronage. Such labels did not, however, directly increase the amount a person is willing to pay for the labeled item. If descriptive labels are used sparingly and appropriately, they can improve sales and post-consumption attitudes of the food and the restaurant.


A strategy related to self-handicapping in which individuals supply a comparison other with a performance advantage rather than handicap their own performance was investigated in two experiments. In Experiment 1 greater other-enhancement was found among men than among women. In addition, men engaged in the most other-enhancement when expecting that their performance would be compared with that of a coparticipant. In Experiment 2 the hypothesis that subjects would facilitate their coparticipant's performance primarily under conditions of uncertainty and competition was supported. A defining feature of contemporary Western society is the extraordinary emphasis placed on achievement and success. Striving for success seems to pervade every aspect of human interaction from the classroom, to the playing field, to the corporate boardroom. This emphasis on achievement and success suggests that people might make every effort to ensure possession of the necessary resources to maximize performance. Individuals would be expected to reach for any and every advantage to facilitate performance, including eliminating obstacles or disabilities that might interfere with success. Nevertheless, recent research shows that individuals are sometimes willing to create impediments to performance, making failure more likely. Berglas and Jones (1978) labeled this intriguing finding "self-handicapping."


The development process of a medical and practical plaster operating cart is introduced inthis paper. The cart which is mainly made up of cart body, operation desk, accessory surface, funnel, waste entrance can meet the requirments of plaster fixing and residual cleaning. The cart with simple andflexible operation method can help relevant staff to clear the residual materials with shorter time and lesslabor capacity. Thus the cart is very suitable to be used in the orthopedic wards.


Combined with practice this paper introduces the background and summarization of OHSASI800 occupational health and safety management system as well as its standards and safety management contents relate to construction enterprises in order to create a intercommunication bridge for workers and mangers.


The octopus is a mollusc belonging to the class Cephalopoda. This animal is characterized by sophisticated motor, sensory, and cognitive capabilities, and the ability to learn rapidly, features that make it a fascinating model of study in different disciplines. The octopus body has no rigid structures. Thanks to this, the octopus can adapt the shape of its body to the environment and its whole body can be squeezed into very small spaces, limited only by the size of its rigid brain capsule. It has eight arms which can twist, change their length, be bent in all directions at any point along the arm and, despite the lack of rigid skeletal support, can vary their stiffness to achieve relatively high values and to apply relatively high forces. The control of this large number of degrees of freedom is highly distributed and is simplified by the use of stereotyped movements. The eight arms are effectively used to locomote on the diverse substrates of the sea bottom and to reach, grasp and even manipulate objects with unexpected dexterity. This is possible mainly thanks to the presence of one or two rows of suckers on each arm (depending on the species), which allow the octopus to perform a remarkable variety of functions. Suckers, in fact, generate large attachment forces on non-porous surfaces and maintain these forces for rather long periods of time without any muscular energy consumption. Looking at an octopus with a roboticist's eyes, it is remarkable not only in its softness and body-deformable properties, but also in the capability to stiffen its arms when needed to grasp and pull objects, or interact with the environment with considerable strength.


Local independent radio stations in Christchurch, New Zealand, had their operations severely disrupted by major earthquakes in September 2010 and February 2011. This article examines the experiences of three radio stations that were shut out of their central city premises by the cordon drawn around the city after the 22 February quake. One of the stations continued broadcasting automatically, while the others were unable to fully get back on air for several weeks afterwards. All of the stations had to manage access to workspaces, the emotional needs of staff and volunteers, the technical ability to broadcast, and the need to adapt content appropriately when back on air. For the locally based radio managers decisions had to be made about the future of the stations in a time of significant emotional, physical, and geological upheaval. The article explores how these radio stations were disrupted by the earthquake, and how they returned to air through new combinations and interconnections of people, workspace, technology, content and transmission.


............................................................................................................ xii Opsomming ...................................................................................................... xiv Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Problem statement ........................................................................................2 1.2 Overview .......................................................................................................3 1.3 Research aims and objectives .......................................................................5 1.4 Hypothesis .....................................................................................................5 1.5 References ....................................................................................................5 Chapter 2: Literature Study 2.1 Occupational exposure limits ........................................................................8 2.1.1 The purpose behind OEL establishment..........................................9 2.2 Types of OELs...............................................................................................9 2.3 Overview of the importance of the different groups .................................... 11 iv Table of


Plastic electrodes responding to organic ions have been prepared by coating a plasticised PVC film on to a graphite support. The incorporation of nitrobenzene as plasticiser gave an electrode responding to anions. Electrodes containing both nitrobenzene and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate responded to both anions and cations, whilst giving a negligible response to pH change. The electrodes were used to monitor the titrations of amines with sodium tetraphenylborate. For the titration of procyclidine and cyclizine an electrode that responds to both anions and cations gives a larger potential change than an electrode that responds to only one of the reacting ions. Methods for the assay of procyclidine hydrochloride, cyclizine hydrochloride and diethylcarbamazine citrate in tablets are described.


Application of indistinct logic of antonyms allows not only to connect together separate isolated results of monitoring for HIV/AIDS disease (medical and sociological, immunological, epidemiological, etc.), but to create optimum model of management of struggle and preventive maintenance processes.


Biased estimation methods like ridge regression, Liu‐type regression, two‐parameter regression and principal component regression have become very popular in the analysis of applied researches for health, economics, chemometrics, and social sciences in recent years. A dataset in such applied fields tends to be characterized by many independent variables on relatively fewer observations. In addition, there is a high degree of near collinearity among the explanatory variables. It is common knowledge that under these conditions, ordinary least squares estimations of regression coefficients may be very unstable, leading to very poor prediction accuracy. The aim of this article is to examine the performance of the combination of principal components regression and some biased regression estimators such as ridge, Liu and two‐parameter estimators. For this reason, a real‐life application is presented in which different selection methods of the biasing parameters are employed.


This study was designed to assess creativity, as measured by Guil ford and Guilford's (1980) Consequences Form A-I, among 144 high school students to determine whether any significant differ ences existed between creativity scores of subjects by (a) gender or grade point average, or by (b) varying degrees of participation in the arts. Data were analyzed utilizing Analyses of Covariance (ANCOVA) with the covariate being GPA, the dependent variable being scores from the Consequences measure (Form A-I), and inde pendent variables being gender, units of experience in jazz, music, art, and theater, and combined units of experience in the arts. No significant differences were found among creativity scores of sub jects by gender, jazz experience, visual art experience, and com bined arts experience. Almost all of the variation in the indepen dent variable means could be attributed to the influence of the uncontrolled covariate variable (GPA). Significant creative mean scores differences, however, were found by subjects' musical exper ience and theater experience after the influence of the covariate (GPA) was considered.


Kuala Krai, Kelantan is one of the 10 district territories in Kelantan, Malaysia. The district main area is Kuala Krai town Kuala Krai is the second largest district in Kelantan after Gua Musang. Kuala Krai has a relatively high population density in Kelantan and there are three main districts in this region, Batu Mengkebang, Olak Jeram and Dabong. Most of the people in the district of Kuala Krai are engaged in various government and private sectors. Some also do cultivate plants and plantations. Kuala Krai expanded rapidly after the Kuala Krai-Gua Musang highway opened in August 1983 which is the route to Kuala Lumpur from Kota Bharu. The two main rivers, the Galas River and the Lebir River, met on the Kelantan River in Kuala Krai town. There is a railway station connecting Tumpat to Gua Musang. The purpose of this research study was to produce a geological map of the study area, to research the geomorphological constraint around Kuala Krai town which could be a barrier in development and the limits and opportunities for Kuala Krai Town to further develop. Various methods used include geological mapping in identifying geomorphology of Kuala Krai. Overall, Kuala Krai Town comprises a flat land formed from sedimentary rocks. The town of Kuala Krai is suitable for moderate and inefficient development due to the high geotechnical limitations in this area due to the lack of dense soil type.


The issue of sustainable development has been widely acknowledged and spread rapidly after United Nations conference on environment and development in Rio in 1992. Considerable attention is given to urban settlement areas. Thus, role of urban development is seen as a challenging issue under circumstances. Outcomes of the current patterns of world population growth and industrial development are agreed and reported as major causes of un-sustainability in long term. Whereas by turn of century almost half of the world's population is lived in urban areas; it is expected that this figure will reach to 8.1 billion -60.5% of world population- by year 2030. This is twofold; on the one hand cities are the places of the excessive use of energy and resources, of production of waste and pollution, of crimes and deprivations and socio-cultural un-stability, and so forth. However, some question will arise: is there a simple and universal model of sustainable urban form? How would decision makers be able to assess the rightness of their programs and actions in terms of sustainability of urban forms? And to what extent the concept of urban sustainability can be translated to some measurable elements? This paper therefore, aims to develop a conceptual framework within which the notion of urban sustainability-as a broad conceptual term - can be translated into some quantities which can be measured and evaluated with more assertion. Through this model, characteristics of sustainable urban form, systematically are defined and translated into some indicators. It is hoped that this model can provide easement and clarification for researchers and decision-makers in their assessment of cities' form and function towards achieving sustainability.


Forty-four (44) commercial rabbit farmers from two urban centers (Abeokuta and Ijebu-Ode) in Ogun State were studied in this research. Majority (63.64%) are small-scale farmers with a stock size of between 20 and 50 animals. About 27% of the farmers have a stock size of 52-100 rabbits while only 9.09% have a stock size of over 100 animals. A significant correlation (r = 0.64, P African Journal of Livestock Extension Vol. 4 2005: pp. 78-83


Electroencephalography (EEG)-based emotion recognition methods mostly adopt features as many as possible to achieve high performance. However, this is not feasible and flexible for portable or wearable helmet devices because of the limited computing resource and requirement of real-time performance. Aiming at improving EEG emotion recognition performance with features as few as possible, this paper firstly designed a feature called Relative Intensity Ratio Entropy (RIRE), then proposed a novel feature selection method based on greedy algorithm and Max-Relevance and Min-Redundancy(mRMR), termed as Greedy-mRMR. Greedy algorithm is adopted to take top features in the ranking list, and mRMR algorithm is used to select features that are most relevant and minimum redundant. Greedy-mRMR algorithm also uses dynamic termination threshold to guarantee recognition accuracy in each iteration. Experiments were carried on DEAP dataset. SVM classifier achieved average classification accuracy of 91.16% in valence and 91.70% in arousal, by extracting RIRE feature and selecting with Greedy-mRMR algorithm. Experimental results show that RIRE is suitable for EEG emotion recognition and Greedy-mRMR outperforms state-of-the-art methods.


A paper was prepared for the Landesamt fur Okologie of Lower Saxony investigating the achievable quality aims in regard to the financial efforts. The result reveals, that extensive quality aims are achievable in cases where the geo-ecological factors ofa catchment area are considered and that these can be financed.


Chapter 1. Introduction to Geocaching Chapter 2. High-Tech Geocaching Chapter 3. Low-Tech Geocaching Chapter 4. Basics of Caching Chapter 5. Geocaching for Health-Related Fitness Chapter 6. Beginning Experiences with Geocaching Chapter 7. Advanced Experiences with Geocaching Chapter 8. Developing a Geocaching Program.


GLH8NDE, a derivative of eupatilin, is currently under development to treat dry eye disease. We conducted a randomized, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled, single‐ and multiple‐day study to evaluate safety, tolerability, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of ocular GLH8NDE in healthy male adults. Subjects randomly received topical ocular dosing of GLH8NDE or its matching placebo for a day, then for 7 consecutive days with a 62‐h washout at one of the following daily doses: 9, 18, 36 (Koreans), and 36 mg (Whites). The study drug was administered in divided doses over 10 h with 2‐ or 5‐h intervals. Thirty‐nine (97.5%) out of 40 subjects completed the study. A total of 17 subjects experienced 31 treatment‐emergent adverse events, all of which were mild in severity and recovered without sequelae. Neither pathological changes in eye compartments nor clinically significant systemic effects were observed. GLH8NDE was rapidly absorbed reaching the peak concentration within 0.25–0.75 h postdose. The systemic exposure as measured by area under the concentration‐time curve from time of administration up to the time of the last quantifiable concentration (AUClast) after single‐day administration of the same dose was 109% higher in Koreans than in Whites. In conclusion, GLH8NDE was safe and well‐tolerated in healthy Korean and White male adults at 9–36 mg/day after single‐ and multiple‐day administrations.


BACKGROUND
Safety of biologic agents is a key consideration in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and active or recent cancer. We compared the safety of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antagonists vs. non-TNF biologics in patients with IBD with active or recent cancer.

METHODS
We conducted a multi-center, retrospective cohort study of patients with IBD and either active cancer (Cohort A) or recent prior cancer (≤5 years, Cohort B) who were treated with TNFα antagonists or non-TNF biologics after cancer diagnosis. Primary outcomes were progression-free survival (Cohort A) or recurrence-free survival (Cohort B). Safety was compared using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) with propensity scores.

RESULTS
(Cohort A) Of 125 patients (483.8 person-year [py] follow-up) with active cancer (54±15y, 75% solid organ malignancy), 10/55 (incidence rate [IR] per 100py, 4.4) and 9/40 (IR, 10.4) patients treated with TNFα antagonists and non-TNF biologics had cancer progression, respectively. There was no difference in the risk of progression-free survival between TNFα antagonists vs. non-TNF biologics (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.25-2.30). (Cohort B) Of 170 patients (513-py follow-up) with recent prior cancer (53±15y, 84% solid organ malignancy; duration of remission, 19±19 months), 8/78 (IR, 3.4) and 5/66 (IR 3.7) patients treated with TNFα antagonists and non-TNF biologics had cancer recurrence, respectively. The risk of recurrence-free survival was similar between both groups (HR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.24-3.77).

DISCUSSION
In patients with IBD with active or recent cancer, TNFα antagonists and non-TNF biologics have comparable safety. Choice of biologic should be dictated by IBD disease severity in collaboration with an oncologist.


We provide the exact solution of the dispersion equation for a waveguided semiconductor structure with a photonic crystal core that provides the efficient second harmonic generation in the visible range. The comparison of the results with an approximate solution shows good agreement.


This thesis uses a lifestyle migration lens to explore the second-generation Turkish-Germans' 'return' migration to their ancestral homeland. Disappointed with the post-return lives in their parents' towns of origin and/or in big cities like Istanbul, the research's sample group consciously made the decision to remobilise themselves and resettle in Antalya, a tourism hub in the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. The narratives reflect that the second generation's 'return' imaginings and further life choices such as places of settlement are motivated by their goals of 'living a fulfilling life' and have a 'coherent sense of self'. The qualitative study coins a new term, 'lifestyle return migration' which offers a hybrid conceptual framework, alternative to conventional migration theories that evaluate 'return' as an 'income-maximising act', 'anomaly' and 'homecoming'. Based on the thematic and narrative analysis of 44 semi-structured, in-depth life-story interviews, the findings illustrate that 'lifestyle returnees' perceive Antalya as a place wherein their multiple identities, 'alternative' lifestyles and translocal ties can co-exist. Thus, Antalya's cosmopolitan setting with many foreign, especially German, tourists and residents are particularly valued. Moreover, they can mobilise their human capital of educational qualifications, bilingual skills and "transcultural capital" to set up or get jobs in the tourism sector, combining work with leisure in 'tourism spaces' wherein they can sustain a persistent holiday feeling. In addition, the narratives reveal more existential themes of (re-)discovering their 'true' selves and (re-)inventing the meaning of 'home' in this international niche. Subsequently, the thesis aims to highlight the relevance of lifestyle migration approaches to explore complex 'return' decisions through an agency-oriented approach and with a focus on social fields embedded in specific locales.


Clearance of excess or damaged cellular components is crucial for homeostasis and under stress and defects in this process result in multiple diseases, including neurodegeneration [1]. This clearance is done in two sites: the proteasome, which degrades proteins, and the lysosome, which can degrade all macromolecules and organelles. Proteasomes are multi-protein machines composed of a 20S core particle (CP) capped with two regulatory particles (RP), which direct ubiquitinated proteins to the core cavity, where proteases reside [2]. The lysosome, a membrane-bound organelle with an acidic environment, contains diverse degradative enzymes that function in this milieu. In addition to endocytosis, in which endosomes fuse with lysosomes, two other ways lead into the lysosome: macro-autophagy and micro-autophagy. In macro-autophagy, the double-membrane autophagosome (AP) engulfs cargo and fuses with the lysosome, whereas in micro-autophagy cargo is engulfed by the lysosomal membrane itself. While there is plenty of information about macro-autophagy, not much is known about micro-autophagy [3]. In both cases, the membrane engulfing the cargo needs to seal and the mechanism of this sealing has been a major question in the autophagy field. Another question in the degradation field has been how proteasomes recycle. During normal growth of yeast cells, the majority of the proteasomes reside in the nucleus and damaged proteasomes are shuttled to the lysosome via a selective macro-autophagy pathway, proteaphagy [2]. During stress, proteasomes relocate to the cytoplasm. Under nitrogen starvation, macro-autophagy is vastly induced and excess of cellular components, including proteasomes, are delivered to the lysosome (vacuole in yeast) for degradation. It was recently shown that in nitrogen-starvation induced macro-autophagy, ESCRT complexes play a role in sealing APs to allow their fusion with the lysosome [4]. Under glucose starvation, normal proteasomes are stored in proteasome storage granules (PSGs), which dissolve when glucose is added back [2]. However, it was not clear what happens to aberrant proteasomes under carbon stress (Fig 1). Li et al., address this question [5]. They identified the AMPK and ESCRT complexes (see Table 1) in a genome-wide screen for gene-deletion mutants defective in proteasome degradation during glucose starvation and determined their effect on proteasome fate. Their three major findings are: First, under carbon stress, damaged proteasomes are delivered to the lysosome via micro-autophagy in an AMPKand ESCRT-dependent manner. Second, when AMPK is absent, the CP of proteasomes accumulate in the iPOD, a deposit site for protein aggregates [6]. Third, whereas under nitrogen starvation proteasomes are degraded together with other cellular components, under carbon starvation proteasomes are sorted to different destinations and only damaged proteasomes are degraded (Fig 1). This sorting is an example of a more economical solution of cells to carbon stress than the extensive degradation of cellular components that occurs under nitrogen starvation. The emerging picture puts the lysosome at the top of the cell food chain: While both proteasomes and the lysosome can degrade cellular components, proteasomes get degraded by the PLOS GENETICS


This chapter focuses on the divisions between books of 2 Samuel/1 Kings and 1 Chronicles and the arrangement of the material they comprise within 2 Samuel /1 Kings 1-3. Chronicles starts its account of the biblical history with David, using as a source the second book of Samuel up to 2 Sam 11:1 (2 Sam 5:1-11:1 // 1 Chron 11:1-20:1). There is an inversion in the order of the chapters between 2 Samuel and Chronicles. The beginning of 2 Samuel seems to be the best example of the editing process in a biblical book. Study of the Old Greek version and of the kaige recension in 2 Samuel, as also of 1 Chronicles, seems to indicate the existence of forms of composition or editing that differ from the present MT, even though their reconstruction in detail is not possible due to the lack of necessary data. Keywords: book of 1 Chronicles; book of 1 Kings; book of 2 Samuel; David; kaige recension


Schistosomiasis is characterized as a zoonosis that has been causing major health problems worldwide.Until now anti-schistosomiasis chemotherapy and vaccine treatment have been proven to be an effective way to eradicate this disease.In this paper,the research progress on anti-schistosomiasis vaccine is summarized.In addition,the author also presents some view points aiming to serve the purpose of seeking new breakthroughs in clinical applications of the vaccine.


The binding of the tridecapeptide yeast mating phermone, α‐factor, to its receptor represents an excellent model for the investigation of peptide hormone–receptor interactions. In this paper we present a number of strategies to probe the binding site of the α‐factor receptor, and discuss the synthesis of probes containing radioactive and affinity tags. Preferential acylation of the α‐ or ε‐amine in [Nle12]‐α‐factor was accomplished using 3‐[3,5‐diiodo‐4‐hydroxyphenyl] propanoic acid hydroxysuccinimide ester (diiodo Bolton‐Hunter reagent). At pH 8.0 in a N‐N‐dimethylformamide/water mixture the ratio of ε‐ to α‐acylation was 2.15 to 1, whereas at pH 6.5 in a 1,2‐dimethyoxyethane/water mixture α‐acylation was favored by more than 3 to 1. The product distribution was sound to depend on pH, organic cosolvent, and the ratio of organic solvent and aqueous buffer. Product distributions were followed using analytical high performance liquid chromatography and the products were characterized enzymatically and by mass spectrometry. Citraconic anhydride preferentially α‐acylated [Nle12]‐α‐factor and served as a temporary masking group during the synthesis of ε‐Bolton–Hunter acylated phermone. Biotin or diiodo Bolton–Hunter reagents were also directly incorporated into [Nle12]‐α‐factor or Lys[Nle12]‐α‐factor during peptide synthesis. The peptides were assembled on a chloromethyl polystyrene resin or on a (phenylace‐tamido)methyl resin, and cleaved using anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (HF). Probes were inserted on amino groups either prior (biotin) or subsequent (Bolton–Hunter reagent) to HF cleavage. The biological activity of the synthetic peptides was characterized using growth arrest assays. These studies provide insights into the structural requirements for binding of α‐factor to its receptor and form a basis for detailed investigation of the receptor using biochemical procedures.


This paper is a continuation of work done by the present author to- gether with P. R. Hall (1). We characterise the prime and equiprime radicals of N0(G) for certain topological groups G. Various results are obtained concerning primeness and strongly primeness for the sandwich near-ring N0(G,X, ). MSC 2000: 16Y30, 22A05 1. Preliminaries In this paper, all near-rings will be right distributive. All of the near-rings N considered in this paper will also be zero-symmetric, that is x0 = 0 for all x 2 N. (The identity 0x = 0 follows of course from the right distributivity.) The notation "A C N" means "A is an ideal of N". We refer to Pilz (12) for all undefined concepts concerning near-rings. It is well-known (cf. McCoy (11)) that there are a number of equivalent definitions for primeness in associative rings. These definitions do not coincide for zero-symmetric near- rings. Consequently, a number of generalisations of primeness have appeared in the liter- ature of near-rings. The classical notion is given in (12): A near-ring N is called prime (resp. semiprime) if A,B C N (resp. A C N), AB = 0 implies A = 0 or B = 0 (resp. A 2 = 0 implies A = 0). N is called 3-prime (resp. 3-semiprime) if x,y 2 N (resp. x 2 N) xNx = 0 implies x = 0 or y = 0 (resp. xNy = 0 implies x = 0). An ideal I of N is called prime (resp. 3-prime) if the factor near-ring N/I is prime (resp. 3-prime). A radical map is a mapping which assigns to evey near-ring N an ideal (N) of N such that (i) if f : N ! R is a surjective near-ring homomorphism, then f( (R)) (S) and (ii) (N/ (N)) = 0 for every near-ring N. If in addition (iii) ( (N)) = (N) and (iv) I C N,


Mutual Funds have become a widely popular and effective way for investors to participate in financial markets in an easy, low-cost fashion, while multiplying risk characteristics by spreading the investment across different types of securities, also known as diversification. It can play a central role in an individual's investment strategy. They offer the potential for capital growth and income through investment performance, dividends and distribution under the guidance of a portfolio manager who makes investment decisions on behalf of mutual funds unit holder. In this study the researcher aims at analyzing the performance of some selected AMCs with the most preferred funds in the mutual fund industry on the basis of the returns, risk and volatility. The study is based on the secondary data published by AMCs known as Fact Sheet. The researcher has found that the performance of Equity diversified funds is satisfactory on all parameters.


Objective To obtain a better understaning of the clinical features of Castleman tumor associated paraneoplastic pemphigus. Methods The clinical features and therapy of 10 cases of this disease, diagnosed in the Department of Dermatology of Peking University First Hospital were analyzed. Results Castleman tumor was shown to be the most common neoplasm associated with paraneoplastic pemphigus in China. The clinical presentations, histopathologic characteristics, CT scan findings, and immunologic features were all unique. The early diagnosis and removal of the Castleman tumor are crucial for the treatment of this tumor-associated autoimmune disease. Conclusions Because Castleman tumor is directly related to the induction of autoimmunity, early diagnosis and prompt removal of the tumor are essential to the management of this disease.


147 Actinomyces coelicolor species-group, Agardecomposing strains of the, 555 Actinomycetes, An azolithmin-like pigment produced by certain. Abstract, 261 , A medium for the rapid cultivation of soil, 137 -, Bacteriostatic and bacteriolytic properties of, 571 Activated charcoal, Spore formation by Bacillus subtilis in peptone solutions altered by treatment with, 653 Acton, Flora, Barrett, Harle, and Hunter, Charles A. Abstract, 391 -, Wright, Evan and Hunter, Charles A. Abstract. (No abstract), 391 Aerobic and facultative bacteria, Utilization of twenty; one proprietary peptones by representative. Abstract, 391 spore-forming bacilli, Studies of the common. II. Fermentation reactions in agar butt-slants, 163 Agar-decomposing strains of the Actinomyces coelicolor species-group, 555 Agar, Reclamation of used. Abstract. (No abstract), 148 Air analysis, A simple tube battery for use in bacterial. Abstract, 143 Air-borne bacteria in rooms and incubators, Methods of quantitative estimation of. Abstract, 258 infection, Studies in the prevention of. Abstract, 142 organisms, Bactericidal action of ultra violet radiation on, 85 Alcaligenes, Difficulties in defining the genus. Abstract, 721 Validity of the genus, 353 Alcohols, The dehydrogenation of, by streptococci of group B, 523 Alkali-solubility test, A microscopic, for the identification of gonococcus colonies,


Several reports have recently appeared on the subject of grafting of vinyl monomers onto acrylonitrilebutadiene-styrene (ABS) terpolymer. Abdel-Razik has studied grafting of acrylamide onto ABS using ultraviolet light in the presence of benzophenone to form the radical site at which initiation may proceed [1]. Wilkie et al. [2] have utilized the Geuskens'procedure [3,4] the anthracene-sensitized formation of hydroperoxide, for the grafting of methacrylic acid [5], acrylamide[5], and acrylic Polystyrene Grafted to ABS Backbone by Living Radical Polymerization With TEMPO Farhad Bani, Mojtaba Abbasian, Faramarz Afshar Taromi, and Ali Akbar Entezami


This paper presents systematic data on the IR-absorption spectra of lithium borate glasses. Lithium borate glasses were synthesized from Li/sub 2/CO/sub 3/ and H/sub 3/BO/sub 3/ in Pt crucibles at temperatures from 800 to 1050 C. It was possible in the lithium borate system to obtain glasses continuing significantly more M/sub 2/O than the glasses in the sodium or potassium borate system. An analysis of the data on Raman spectra of alkali borate glasses suggests that the addition of M/sub 2/O to a B/sub 2/O/sub 3/ glass produces network disorder, the replacement of the boroxyl rings by rings of another configuration and the formation of BO/sub 4/ tetrahedra.


In an extensive essay, Mallin addresses the socio-cultural economy underlying the presentation of Horne's installation work and outlines a phenomenological approach to art production. Biographical notes. 3 bibl. ref.


Pyrazolines are well known and important nitrogen containing 5-membered heterocyclic compounds could effective against diversity of biological issue in which the tuberculosis is one of them. An effort was made to design and synthesis the series of chalcone annulated pyrazoline conjugates as a target candidate for antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The synthesized compounds were subjected to characterization by diverse analytical methods and to foreword in silico screening study for testing their antimycobacterial activity via their docking simulation on bioinformatics software, Molecular Operating Environment 2009.10. suite. The wonderful number of interactions with active site residues coupled with favorable binding energy state that these target molecules may serve as an effective replacement agent for the antimycobacterial drugs. The preliminary SAR of the chalcone annulated pyrazoline conjugates reveals that compounds possessing electron withdrawing groups such as halogen atom (P1, P2) in its structure favors better activity and anchored tightly inside the active site canyon (Site I) of the protein. It is also observed that the presence of methoxy and dimethylamino substitutions at aromatic ring (P3, P4 & P7) doesn't seem to influence the activity, this is may be due to its high electro negativity and the presence of lone pair of electron with this substitutions. Thus, the synthesized chalcone annulated pyrazoline conjugates might serve as the best drug candidate for the existence menacing pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The predictive model can be employed further for virtual screening of new compounds in this series.


Abstract: the article discusses a comprehensive study of trends and factors in the development of the global oil market in the period of high world oil prices in 1999-2008, define a new evolutionary stage developed for this segment of the world economy.


The effect of different medicines on jujube witches′ broom disease was studied throughout grafting Jujube Witches′ Broom Disease Branches treated by medicines.The result indicated that pathogen concentration of jujube branches affected directly on the cure rate of jujube witches′ broom disease.The main medicine acted on jujube witches′ broom disease was the antibiotics,followed by the antivirals,and the plant growth regulators were no obvious effects on that.The optimal treatment for controlling jujube witches′ broom disease was 2 000 mg/kg antibiotics+2 000 mg/kg antivirals+20 mg/kg plant growth regulator.


The termination control problem, i.e., the problem with finite time and relay control function, is considered. The proposed approach fits different control problems, e.g., problems with the fixed or free time, problems with the set-up actuator characteristics and problems where the actuator can be tuned. The considered system is the nonlinear dynamic one and the number of relay switch points assumed to be tuned indirectly. To find out the solution of the given problem, the modified evolution strategies method is suggested. The proposed approach is useful also for the non-analytical system models and systems that can be evaluated numerically.


Analytic Ecclesiology is a new branch within the enterprise of Analytic Theology. The "analytic" part of the name refers to the analytic method employed to explicate the core claims of Christian theology using the tools of analytic philosophy. In the case of Ecclesiology, the concept of ecclesiastical unity demands clarification. The question is not why or how a collection of individuals is united but in what sense they are one. The Scriptural answer to the former is that Christ is the head of the Church. It is the latter that Analytic Ecclesiology is committed to answering. Joshua Cockayne's work, which focuses on the social ontology and group agency of the Church, has shed some light on the issue. He invites philosophers and theologians in the analytic tradition to think about Ecclesiology analytically. That is my aim in this paper. I hope to expand the discussion on Analytic Ecclesiology, not by building on Cockayne's work, but rather by taking a step back and arguing that the issue of the unity of the Church must be discussed from the perspective of identity rather than, contra Cockayne, from the perspective of group agency. To achieve this, I shall first assess Cockayne's account and offer my criticism. Then, drawing insights from Peter Unger's article "Problem of the Many," I discuss the paradox of the unity of the Church and conclude that relative identity theory best solves the paradox of the unity of the Church.


EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Academic Achievement; *Data Collection; *Educational Assessment; *Educational Quality; Educational Trends; Elementary Secondary Education; Evaluation Needs; National Surveys; *Needs Assessment; Outcomes of Education; Parent School Relationship; *Research Needs; School Community Relationship; Teacher Effectiveness; Time Management IDENTIFIERS *Educational Indicators; *National Commission on Excellence in Education


Learning occurs through altering the connectivity of the brain, through mechanisms of neural plasticity. The control of learning depends on motivational systems that engage corticolimbic networks to achieve consolidation of information. Measures of neural activity, including hemodynamic responses (functional MRI) and electrophysiological responses (dense array EEG) show activity in limbic as well as cortical networks that tracks the degree of effortful neural activity in learning. These measures allow study of the progression of the learning process, which begins with effortful enagagement of frontal lobe executive systems and progresses toward more automatic processing in domain-specific networks. Continuing advances in computation are providing the analytic resources to conduct online analyses of neural activity in real time, thereby providing the learner with feedback not just on the outcome of learning, but the process.


Electrochemical experiments have been carried out in order to investigate the emission of X-rays during electrochemical hydrogen loading of thin metallic films of Pd and Ni. An estimate of the inventory of the most significant chemical elements in the cells has also been done. The activity was developed within the framework of a cooperative research effort between ENEA and SRI. In order to minimize the background due to environmental contamination, the experimental cells were manufactured using only two materials (pure polyethylene and pure platinum). The thin films were produced by sputtering pure materials on supports made of the same pure polyethylene used for the cells.


Abstract : A technique is described for achieving more custom-like coloring of cosmetic gloves. The method involves the use of a color prescription form which can be used to describe in greater detail the characteristics of those portions of the human hand of greater cosmetic significance.


This paper investigates the design of interference alignment (IA) for a three-cell constant cellular interfering network, where three base stations in the cellular network simultaneously transmit signals to a group of users in their own cells while causing interference to each other. While determining the existence of IA with reaching the degrees of freedom (DoF) outer bound is still a very challenging problem. We propose an efficient alignment scheme for this system, where the transmit beamforming matrices are jointly designed in loop structure. We theoretically derive the antenna source of this system. Numerical results show that our proposed IA scheme requires less antenna source in contrast to that of the existing IA schemes, while the total achievable DoF of the system is identical.


This study examined the effect on product quality and price to customer loyalty for XL prepaid cards product in the city of Padang with customer satisfaction as an intervening variable. Respondents of this study are customers who use prepaid cards XL in the city of Padang. The sample size is 80 respondents. Technical sampling method is purposive sampling method. Data were collected through questionnaires given directly to the respondent. The method of analysis is by using multiple linear regression, simple linear regression and regression hierarchical. The results of study found that, quality of product and price has significantly effect to customer loyalty, quality of product and price has significantly effect to customer satisfaction, customer satisfaction significantly influence customer loyalty, customer satisfaction have a significant effect as an intervening variable between product quality and customer loyalty and significantly affect customer satisfaction as an intervening variable between price and customer loyalty. Keywords : Product quality, price, customer satisfaction, customer loyalty


For countries with limited access to conventional hydrocarbon gases, methane hydrates have emerged as a potential energy source. In view of the European Union's requirements to reduce the energy intensity of technological processes and increase energy security, it appears promising to accumulate natural gas and biomethane in the form of hydrate structures and release them if necessary. Storing gas in this form in an energy-efficient manner creates interest in developing and innovating technologies in this area. Hydrates that form in gas pipelines are generated by a more or less random process and are an undesirable phenomenon in gas transportation. In our case, the process implemented in the proposed experimental device is a controlled process, which can generate hydrates in orders of magnitude shorter times compared to the classical methods of generating natural gas hydrates in autoclaves by saturating water only. The recirculation of gas-saturated water has been shown to be the most significant factor in reducing the energy consumption of natural gas hydrate generation. Not only is the energy intensity of generation reduced, but also its generation time. In this paper, a circuit diagram for an experimental device for natural gas hydrate generation is shown with complete description, principle of operation, and measurement methodology. The natural gas hydrate formation process is analyzed using a mathematical model that correlates well with the measured hydrate formation times. Hydrates may become a current challenge in the future and, once verified, may find applications in various fields of technology or industry.


The Internet of Things defines a global and comprehensive network whose task is to monitor and control the physical world by collecting, processing, and analyzing data sensed by IoT devices. This network has succeeded in various areas, and one of its most important applications is in smart agriculture because there are many demands for producing high-quality foodstuff in the world. These demands need new production schemes in the agriculture area. In IoT, communication security is essential due to the extensive heterogeneity of IoT devices. In this paper, a cluster-tree-based secure routing approach using the dragonfly algorithm (CTSRD) is proposed for IoT. The proposed scheme presents a distributed and lightweight trust mechanism called weighted trust (W-Trust). W-Trust reduces the trust value corresponding to malicious nodes based on a penalty coefficient to isolate this node in the network. Furthermore, it improves the trust value of honest IoT devices based on a reward coefficient. Additionally, CTSRD introduces a trust-based clustering process called T-Clustering. In this clustering process, cluster head nodes (CHs) are selected among honest IoT nodes. Finally, CTSRD establishes a routing tree based on the dragonfly algorithm (DA) between CHs. This tree is called DA-Tree. To evaluate the quality of the routing tree, a new fitness function is provided in CTSRD. DA-Tree finds a secure, stable, and optimal routing tree to balance the consumed energy and boost the network lifetime. CTSRD is compared with EEMSR and E-BEENISH with regard to the network lifetime, consumed energy, and packet delivery rate. This comparison shows that our scheme can uniformly distribute the consumed energy in IoT and improves the energy consumption and network lifetime. However, it has a slightly lower packet delivery rate than EEMSR.


Aramid has been proved to have excellent ability to protect against ballistic threats however, it has poor puncture resistance. In this research, flexible fabric materials with outstanding stab resistance were prepared with thermoset–aramid composites coated with SiC particles. The stab resistance and mechanical properties of the flexible fabric composites were evaluated. Results showed that the stab resistance of the thermoset–aramid fabrics was effectively improved by the introduction of SiC particles; however, the tear force was slightly decreased. Composites coated with 20 wt.% SiC particles exhibited the best stab resistance against knife cut. Scanning electron microscopy observation showed that the irregular SiC particles were embedded into the gaps among aramid fibers. The increased stab resistance was ascribed to the fact that the introduced SiC particles with hard and refractory nature could highly enhance the fiber-to-fiber friction and blunt the sharp metal blade by abrasion.


Relay signal boxes connected to automatic route-setting systems, automation train control systems and remote control systems are used to ensure the safety of safety of traffic in urban railway systems. An electronic interface with safety capabilities, described in this report, connects the automatic systems to the relay signal box.


The results of an analysis of the effects of spur gear size, pitch, width, and ratio on total mesh power loss for a wide range of speeds, torques, and oil viscosities are presented. The analysis uses simple algebraic expressions to determine gear sliding, rolling, and windage losses and also incorporates an approximate ball bearing power loss expression. The analysis shows good agreement with published data. Large diameter and fine pitched gears had higher peak efficiencies but low part load efficiency. Gear efficiencies were generally greater than 98 percent except at very low torque levels. Tare (no-load) losses are generally a significant percentage of the full load loss except at low speeds.


This paper presents the results of a study of influences of residential location on travel behavior in Hangzhou Metropolitan Area, China. The location of the dwelling relative to the center structure of Hangzhou Metropolitan Area exerts a considerable influence on the travel behavior of the respondents. On average, living close to downtown Hangzhou contributes to a lower total amount of travel, a higher share of trips by bike or on foot, and lower energy use for transport. The location of the dwelling relative to the closest second-order and third-order center also influences travel, but not to the same extent as the location of the residence relative to the city center of Hangzhou. The geographical differences in travel behavior exist independently of residential preferences and attitudes to transport and environmental issues and can therefore not be explained by residential self-selection.


A new microwave link has been developed for the longitudinal stochastic cooling system, replacing the fiberoptic link used for the transmission of the beam signal from the pickup to the kicker. This new link reduces the pickup to kicker delay from 2/3 of a turn to 1/6 of a turn, which greatly improves the phase margin of the system and allows operation at higher frequencies. The microwave link also introduces phase modulation on the transmitted signal due to variations in the local oscillators and time of flight. A phase locked loop tracks a pilot tone generated at a frequency outside the bandwidth of the cooling system. Information from the PLL is used to calculate real-time corrections to the cooling system at a 10 kHz rate. The design of the pilot tone system is discussed and results from commissioning are described.


In their response to the comments by Thomas [1999], Davisson et al. [1999a] dismiss a large set of potentiometric measurements pertinent to an understanding of the hydrogeology of Yucca and Frenchman Flats in southcentral Nevada. This commentary is submitted to demonstrate, first, that their dismissal of this data set is unfounded and, second, that these potentiometric data call into question the central thesis of the original paper by Davisson et al. [1999b].


Driving signal reflection on traveling wave electrodes (TWEs) is a critical issue in Mach– Zehnder modulators. Fabrication variation often causes a random variation in the electrode imped‐ ance and the signal reflection, which induces modulation characteristics variation. The variation of reflection could be intertwined with the variation of other electrode characteristics, such as micro‐ wave signal attenuation, resulting in complexity. Here, we characterize the (partial) correlation co‐ efficients between  the  reflection and modulation characteristics at different bit  rates. Decreasing correlation at higher bit rates is observed. Device physics analysis shows how the observed varia‐ tion can be related to nanoscale variation of material properties, particularly in the embedded diode responsible  for electro‐optic modulation. We develop a detailed  theory  to analyze  two variation modes of the diode (P‐i‐N diode or overlapping P/N regions), which reveal insight beyond simplis‐ tic diode models. Microwave signal attenuation tends to reduce the correlation with on‐electrode reflection, particularly at high bit rates. The  theory shows  the relative  importance of conductor‐ induced attenuation and "dielectric"‐induced attenuation, with different dependence on  the  fre‐ quency and fabrication variation. Strategies on how to mitigate the effect of variation for better fab‐ rication tolerance are discussed by considering three key factors: pre‐shift in structural design, bias condition, and fabrication control accuracy.


Location-based services are increasingly important for internet of things (IoT). Outdoor location-based service is usually associated with Global Positioning System (GPS). However, the system is still far from ideal especially in highly dense area with clustered of tall buildings like Singapore and in indoor where weak satellites' signal does not allow the GPS receiver to lock-on in order to provide a location reading. Therefore, in these areas a customized sensors or beacon network will be required to provide the location information. The alternative is to use multisystem to leverage on the strength of each individual existing system to compensate the errors in order to achieve a higher robustness and accuracy requirement. In this paper, an error minimizing algorithm is proposed to enhance the robustness and accuracy of a localization system. This algorithm combines the existing localization systems' results to determine the "exact" location. The mathematics model and collected field results using Samsung Galaxy S2 will be presented. The results comparing between the systems used, analysis and result drawn will be included in this paper.


This research is aimed to depict an implemetation of mathematics study and critical thinking skill by using SGD methodin junior high school. The sort of this research is descriptive research using qualitative approach. The subject of this research is 32 students at class V11. This research is using four manners to imply the SDG method those are ; (1) to identify topic and to forma group discussion (2) to solve the problem by creating group discusiion,and presentation,(3) to evaluate the problem solving (4) and lead to conclusion about the problem solving. Critical thinking skill could be established through four indicators such as interpratiton, analysis, evaluation, and inference. According to a research the implementation of mathematics study is good catogery at using SGD method through those manners.


practice of the last quarter of a century, to form an adequate conception of the sway which was exercised by the word " inflammation " over the minds of many of our forefathers. " Inflammation," with its four attributes of pain, heat, redness, and swelling, was regarded less as a morbid condition to be alleviated than as an enemy to be subjugated, and to be subjugated by measures which, in the language of that day, were


Many high performance distributed real-time object computing systems (HP-DRTOC) would benefit from the scalability, flexibility and inborn ability to solve the heterogeniety of CORBA if it could support real-time HPC. This paper makes two contributions to design and implement real-time CORBA for HP-DRTOC. First, it gives the architecture of real-time CORBA that indicates the basic components for HP-DRTOC. Second, it presents the design and implementation of real-time components in the HPRT-ORBase, which is a high performance, multi-QoS guaranteed, real-time and CORBA 2.2 complaint implementation.


While performing data aggregation in wireless sensor networks (WSN), significant energy is consumed not only during active communication but also during idle state. For this, an accurate estimate of energy cost and an intelligent routing technique having distributed heuristic capabilities are necessary. In this paper, we propose a power efficient data aggregation technique based on swarm intelligence and game theoretic approach for WSN. In this technique, swarm intelligence is used to perform route discovery and to select the nodes with maximum power level as controller nodes. These controller nodes always remain awake to carry out data aggregation and forwarding, while other nodes are either in sleep/awake state. In each round of data aggregation forwarding, the controller nodes are adaptively changed depending on their power levels. After the successful delivery of data to sink, game theory approach is applied to determine the energy consumed during data aggregation. By simulation results, it is observed that the proposed approach reduces the energy consumption and increase the packet delivery ratio when compared with the existing techniques.


The utility model relates to a steel saw bow, which comprises a back curved beam, a handle, a back casing, a front curved beam correspondingly fixed at different positions with the back curved beam, a movable back pin which is arranged on the back curved beam and is fixed with one end of a saw blade and a fixed structure which is arranged on the front curved beam and is fixed with the other end of the saw blade, wherein, the rear curved beam, the handle and the back casing are integrally connected; the fixed structure is a pull nail which is positioned on a small step of one end of the front curved beam and is integrally punched for forming with the front curved beam. Two shaft lines of the pull nail mutually form an angle of 90 DEG. The device which can cause the saw blade to be arranged on the front curved beam of the steel saw bow has the advantages of simple structure, easy fabrication, low cost and extended service life.


When Prof. H. W. Lerbs and Prof. G. Weinblum asked me to prepare a general and broad survey talk on the subject "Propellers and Propulsion" for this International Symposium of Hamburgischen Schiffbau-Versuchsanstalt, I was pleased by having this opportunity to extend my personal congratulations and to participate in this happy event. In view of the fact that this subject has a vast scope containing many special problems which have been under rapid development, I am fully aware of the challenge to prepare a thorough survey, even with the previous excellent review of the state-of-the-art by Prof. Lerbs (1955a, see Reference). Undoubtedly, my effort would be limited by the physical access to the informaiton and literatures not generally available, so I would entitle my talk as "Some recenty developments in propeller theory".