The aim of this research is to determine the technical, allocative and scale efficiency of Oral and Dental Health Centers in Marmara region under the Turkish Ministry of Health in 2014 and 2017. Input-oriented Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method was used for efficiency measurement. Two inputs and six output variables were used in the study. Super efficiency analysis was performed to rank the advantages among the centers found to be efficient as a result of DEA, and regression analysis was performed to determine the correlation between the efficiency results and the input/output variables. As a result of the research, the average technical efficiency of 33 centers in 2014 was 0,909, allocative efficiency 0,945 and scale efficiency 0,960. In 2017, the centers had an average technical efficiency of 0,916, allocative efficiency of 0,954 and scale efficiency of 0,960. Inefficient centers must make the necessary potential improvements based on the reference set in order to achieve technical, allocative and scale efficiency.


Recently, abandoned meadows have been becoming evident due to their poor drainage and wet condition in the margins of the Kushiro Mire, eastern Hokkaido. Increase of abandoned meadows brings various negative impacts on the management of dairy farm and the rural landscape. Therefore, effective utilization of abandoned meadows is an important issue. Focusing on the water quality improvement function in wetlands, we are considering about the role of abandoned meadows as buffer zone between agricultural and mire areas. Objectives of the study are to examine (1) the present status of water quality in surface and ground water and (2) the nutrient sources from the spatial variations of water level and quality, and the nitrogen stable isotope ratio of groundwater, aiming the quantitative assessment for nutrient cycling function of abandoned meadows. We set a plot of approximately 100 m×175 m surrounded by open drainage ditches at an abandoned meadow in Tsurui Village. The ground surface gently down from the north to the south and slightly down along the east and west drainage ditches. We comparted the plot into 28 cells of each 25 m×25 m. A well and three piezometers (30, 80, and 130 cm depths) were installed at the center of each cell. Surface and ground water at each piezometer, surface flowing water at the drainage ditches and adjacent rivers, and rain water were sampled in August and October of 2015 and about once a month from May to November of 2016. Water quality including EC, pH, DO, ORP, nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations was measured. Additionally, the concentrations of the stable isotope δN were analyzed for the 30 cm depth groundwater at four point in the plot and two point in the riparian wetland of the adjacent river in November 2016. Water level was automatically recorded at a continuously waterlogged point in the plot and drainage ditches on the north and south sides of the plot. Water level was higher at the point in which ground elevation was slightly lower than the maximum point. Lower area on the east and southwest of the plot along drainage ditches was continuously waterlogged. Water level measurement showed about 90 cm variation during investigation period. In the extreme flooding event of August 2016 by the continuous typhoons, backward flows were observed in the drainage ditches and the whole study plot was inundated. The highest concentration of dissolved total nitrogen (DTN) was appeared at 30 cm depth groundwater in the center of the plot. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and NH4-N represented large portions of the DTN. The highest concentration of dissolved total phosphorous (DTP) was appeared at 30 cm depth groundwater in the continuously waterlogged points along drainage ditches. Dissolved organic phosphorous (DOP) represented a large portion of the DTP. The concentrations of DTN and DTP of surface and ground water in the study plot were higher than those of drainage ditches and rivers. For the extreme flooding event of August 2016, the concentrations of DTN and DTP at surface water in the plot were higher than those for normal hydrological period. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), mainly consist of NO3-N, represented about 60% of the DTN. PO4-P represented about 70% of the DTP. Every water quality variables were similar between surface water in the plot and the drainage ditches. Thus, the ditches' water likely flowed into the study plot, affecting directly the water quality of the surface water in the plot. Groundwater near the drainage ditches, which represented higher DTP concentration, showed relatively higher δN values of 15-30‰. This suggests animal waste might to be a nutrients source. In contrast, AHW32-05 JpGU-AGU Joint Meeting 2017


It is generally presumed that plasma levels of angiotensin II immunoreactivity primarily reflect the contribution of kidney renin. Studies involving serial measurements of plasma renin activity, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid angiotensinogen, and immunoreactive angiotensin I and angiotensin II within 48 hours after bilateral nephrectomy do not support this view. In 15 conscious, instrumented dogs, samples of arterial blood and cerebrospinal fluid were obtained before and between 1 and 48 hours after bilateral nephrectomy. During the first 12 hours after bilateral nephrectomy, there was a rapid fall of both plasma renin activity (nondetectable levels) and angiotensin I immunoreactivity (from 171 ± 22 pg/ml to 39 ± 13 pg/ml) whereas plasma and cerebrospinal fluid angiotensin n immunoreactivity remained unchanged (from 22 ± 5 to 22 ± 7 pg/ml), and from 5 ± 2 to 7 ± 3 pg/ml, respectively). These effects of bilateral nephrectomy were still evident at 48 hours and were accompanied by significant (p < 0.01) increases in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid angiotensinogen. Plasma extracts from bilaterally nephrectomized dogs were injected into anesthetized rats to examine their bioactivity. The extracts produced pressor responses that were completely blocked by infusion of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist [Sar1.Ile8] angiotensin II. To ascertain whether or not the angiotensin II immunoreactivity detected in plasma of bilaterally nephrectomized dogs was the authentic octapeptide, blood was also obtained 48 hours after bilateral nephrectomy. Peptides were extracted from plasma on Sep-Paks and analyzed by high pressure liquid chromatography. The plasma extract from bilaterally nephrectomized dogs migrated with the same retention time as Ile5-angiotensin II. These data provide new evidence for the possibility that nonrenal factors account for the presence of basal levels of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid angiotensin II immunoreactivity in conscious dogs 48 hours after bilateral nephrectomy.


The  new nanocomposites, Pd/C/ZrO2, PdO/ZrO2, and Pd/PdO/ZrO2, were prepared by thermal conversion of Pd@UiO-66-Zr-NH2 (MOF) in nitrogen or air atmosphere. The presence of Pd nanoparticles, uniformly distributed on the ZrO2 or C/ZrO2 matrix, was evidenced by TEM (TEM = Transmission Electron Microscopy), SEM (SEM = Scanning Electron Microscopy), Raman and XPS (XPS = X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy) methods. All pyrolysed composites retained the shape of the MOF template. They  catalyze carbonylative Suzuki coupling under 1 atm CO with an efficiency significantly higher than the original  Pd@UiO-66-Zr-NH2. The most active PdO/ZrO2 composite, formed benzophenone with TOF up to 1600 h-1, while  by using Pd@UiO-66-Zr-NH2, much lower TOF values, 51 - 95 h-1, were achieved.  After the reaction, PdO/ZrO2 was recovered with the same composition and catalytic activity. Very good results were also obtained in the transfer hydrogenation of benzophenones to alcohols with Pd/C/ZrO2 and PdO/ZrO2 catalysts under microwave irradiation.


This article presents analysis and design of multimedia based e-notetaking application. The goals of the research are to optimize audio-visual usage in taking note, to organize notes to be tidied and categorized, and to make easy copying and sharing notes to other users. Output of the research is an e-notetaking application implemented on laptops. The designed e-notetaking application has features for users in taking notes by using notebook or netbook as easily as taking notes by using book.


noting that Rutherford's creation is itself a schismatic creation relative to the origins of the Witnesses. The four essays on Western Esoteric traditions (by Susan Palmer, Olav Hammer, Jesper Aagaard Petersen and Murphy Pizza) all illustrate the crucial role of clashes in leadership styles and the centrifugal impact of what might be called open source belief systems; noting, ironically, that repeated schisms can sometimes have positive implications for the growth of movements. In many of the essays we gain glimpses into the peculiar personalities and intense rivalries which mark so many of the schisms, which makes for fascinating reading at points. In sum, the volume offers an interesting introduction to an overlooked topic in the sociology of religion through a series of well-crafted case studies. But the absence of studies of schismatic movements within the main body of Christianity, and other conventional religious traditions, is disappointing, and an opportunity is missed to elevate the significance of the book by introducing a greater measure of theoretical synthesis. Lorne L Dawson University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1 email@example.com


INTRODUCTION For a long time new technology had been slow to penetrate sub Saharan Africa. The costs of most of the technologies, including land line telephones, computers and internet are still very high and hence prohibitive to majority of the people in Africa. Governments on the other hand have been slow in providing the necessary policy provisions for access and utilization of the technologies. However, in the recent past, African countries such as those in East Africa have formulated policy frameworks for information communications technology (Wamakote, Ang'ondi & Onguko, 2010).


The school has 16 classrooms, as well as all the necessary services and facilities, such as auditorium, music and art rooms, medical quarters, shop, etc.
The building has two storeys, freely arranged in accord with modem schools design practice, so as to avoid the concentration of students at the vertical communication zones. The construction consists basically of various types of concrete work: reinforced, prestressed, precast; its exposed surfaces being untreated.


Actinobacillus (Pasteurella) ureae is a commensal of the human respiratory tract and various mammals. It is an organism of low pathogenicity and is a rare human pathogen (1). Only 28 cases of A. ureae infections in humans have been reported since its first description in 1960, including meningitis (2), pneumonia (3-6), hepatitis (7), sepsis (7, 8), conjunctivitis (9), otitis media (10), peritonitis (11), endocarditis (12), chronic bronchitis (13), bone marrow infection (14) and septic arthritis (15). Here, we report the first case, in the medline-based literature, of A. ureae psoas muscle abscess and sepsis in a HBV carrier patient.


The reengineering and reverse engineering of software systems is gaining importance in software industry, because the accelerated turnover in software industry, because the accelerated turnover in ...


iN 2004, MALTA, CYPRUS AND eiGHT CeNTRAL AND eASTeRN eUROPeAN (Cee) countries joined the european Union (eU). The eU accession process resulted in adoption of comprehensive reforms in the new members of the eU and played a highly critical role in their transition to liberal democracies and market economies. Yet, Romania and Bulgaria remained less willing to adapt eU rules and policies after they became members of the Union in 2007. while the weak progress in Romania (and Bulgaria) shows the limits of external democracy promotion, it also comes as a real reminder that democratisation in postcommunist europe is neither complete nor irreversible. Focusing on domestic reactions to external political conditionality in Romania this book presents a timely analysis on 'how and under which conditions the eU can remain as a transformative power in contexts with reluctant democratizers' (p. 20). The impact of the eU on judicial performance is assessed in conjunction with domestic factors. Through a careful tracing of the process Hipper explores the variation in compliance with eU rules regarding the judiciary in Romania, starting from the transition to democracy in 1989 to the post-accession period of 2007–2012. The book presents a context-sensitive analysis of change in the Romanian judicial structure across time and explores the interplay between external factors and domestic conditions in order to account for the variation in policy outcomes. The volume is efficiently structured in ten chapters with the first and last acting as introduction and conclusion, proceeding from theoretical and methodological components to substantive findings. in the introduction, the author introduces the focus of the research and its core questions. Although the questions that the book raises are not entirely new, the nuanced answers provide new insights in the literature. Chapter 2 unpacks the dependent variable that is judicial performance. Considered as a key component of the concept of rule of law, judicial performance is split into four categories: independence, accountability, efficiency and integrity. Although it remains vague in the book which components are needed to promote the rule of law, the book is a promising attempt to provide guidance for assessing judicial performance in a post-communist country where the concept is formally Part v concludes with 'eurasian integration in international Context'. in Chapter 12, elena Korosteleva highlights competitive rationalities of the european Union and Russia in the shared neighbourhood, and asks whether this competition could be transformed into cooperation. She concludes that 'the prospect for sustainable cohabitation for now remains limited' (p. 200), and that the european Union and the eeU still have to learn how to acknowledge and to partner with each other. in Chapter 13, Precious N. Chatterje-Doody analyses the discourse of Russian political elites on Russia's international identity and its approach to the eurasian region. The analysis links this identity discourse with the current state of eurasian integration, and highlights that the geopolitical reality of eurasia can differ from the rhetoric. Overall, the book is rich in analysis of the historical and philosophical roots of eurasianism, as well as on the discourse of Russian political elites on the eurasian project. Many chapters provide an overview of eurasian integration and the milestones of its development, thus overloading the reader with already known facts, once the book is read cover to cover. The book is mostly focused on Russia and Kazakhstan, and almost no attention is given to Belarus (the third founding member of the eeU) and to new eeU members. Only one chapter (Chapter 10) focuses on economic aspects, which, in my view, are key in an institution (the eeU) with the word 'economic' in its name. The book is worth reading, though other sources should be next to the reader's bookstand to complement the picture on eurasianism.


I first begin with the definition of speech acts with a view to providing a distinction between the traditional and modern view of speech acts and then the focus will be on making the distinction between ostensible speech acts vs. genuine speech acts. Finally, my observation relates to the Ahmadi& Rasekh (2010) paper describing the pragmatic features of two culturally Persian culture, north and centre with respect to the use of genuine and ostensible invitations in English based on ten discourse situations and utterances chosen for data collection. The data is compared with the structure of invitations in English reported by Isaacs and Clark (1990). It is concluded that that the socio-linguistic factors might prove useful to understand better the dynamics of failure to recognize the correct function of speech acts in EFL educational settings since these difficulties are reported in Ahmadi and Rakesh's paper.


Reaction of [AuCl(SMe2)] with para-ethynylaniline and para-ethynyl-ortho-toluidine affords oligomers, [Au(C equivalent to C-4-C6H3RNH2)L] (R = H, Me), which in turn react with tertiary phosphines or 2,5-dimethylphenylisocyanide to give monomeric adducts, [Au(C equivalent to C-4-C6H3RNH2)L]. One of these, [Au(C equivalent to C-4-C6H4NH2){P(3-tolyl)(3)}], has been crystallographically characterised and is a polymer in the solid state, being held together via (NHAu)-Au-. . . contacts. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.


The authors made corresponding contemplation of the historical development of sports competition management,put forward that in an informatization society the informatization of sports competition mnagement is an inevitable trend of development,and drew the following conclusions: in the process of interaction between sports informatization and sports competition management,sports informatization can make sports competition manage-ment more systematic,precise,simple and human,thus boosting the development of sorts competition management;moreover,as for sports competition management,sports informatization can further complicate its contents,extend its scope and routinize its process,and raise new problems for sports competition management;the authors called for the upgrading of sports informatization technology in order to take new challenges,and ultimately to promote the development of sports informatization objectively.


This study analyzes the phenomenon of switching party affiliations in Brazil, taking a different approach from that traditionally adopted. Rather than inquiring into the intentions of the migrating legislators, I attempt to understand party-switching as a whole, seeking to grasp how the collective actors (in this case the political parties) use party switches to increase their power in the parliamentary and electoral arenas. By focusing on the moments in which party switches occur, it is possible to perceive the benefits derived by political parties whenever new members join their ranks.


A primal-dual interior point method for quadratic semi-definite programming problems (QSDP) was proposed. At each iteration of the algorithm, the NT algorithm is computed by applying the Newton method to the complementarity condition of QSDP and a scaling matrix W is employed to symmetrize the resulting Newton system of equations. Efficient ways to calculate the scaling matrix W and the NT search direction are presented. The detailed steps of the proposed short step path following algorithm are given. Numerical experiments show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.


In his essay Berliner Stadtbahn (Veraltet)(Berlin City Railway (Obsolete)) published in
1961, Uwe Johnson suggests that which scholars consider to be his poetic program. Based on the
specific case of the description of a train station, the concept of a literary form is presented
whose legitimacy is experienced in the blending of reality and fiction. At the same time the
declaration is made that an author should refrain from presenting his literary creation as
something absolute, even when this is fictitious truth: Instead he should demonstrate "the
complicated search for the truth." The title of this dissertation refers to this demand and
thereby attains a double meaning: On the one hand Uwe Johnson's poetic methods, particularly
his last two novels, "Jahrestage" (Anniversaries) and "Heute Neunzig Jahr"(Ninety Today),
are examined while on the other hand the question is asked what is the achievement of such a
process.
This work initially pursues the following questions: What is to be understood by truth and,
additionally: Is it even possible to look for or find truth? To what field does the search for truth
belong? To that of philosophy, history, literature or perhaps law, that study of uncovering
evidence, of obtaining proof, all the way to – even when passed by the human hand - the right
to infallible judgment? What do jurisprudence, historiography and literature have in common,
assuming they share something? What can a literary text contribute to the re-examination of
history and, conversely, what significance can a historical context have for literature? In order
to answer these questions the first chapter attempts to elaborate – from a theoretical point of
view – on the relationships between writing history and writing literature and their
representational modes techniques and processes, as well as their intentions and aims. The
second chapter provides a biographical outline of Johnson, from which his poetic program is
then also outlined. The third chapter is dedicated to a detailed examination of the narrative
strategies of Johnson's main works that are then verified in the appendix based on his final
narrative project.


This article reminds the opportunities when the author has been with the portuguese writer Jose Saramago, such as a visit to his home in Lisbon and an interview about his book The gospel according to Jesus Christ.


A microgrid technical verification platform device based on hybrid energy storage comprises a hybrid energy storage device, a stored energy management system, a converter device, a distributed power supply device, a load, a data acquisition system, a microgrid energy management system and a grid-connected access system. The microgrid technical verification platform device based on hybrid energy storage is characterized in that the data acquisition system is respectively connected with the microgrid energy management system, the distributed power supply device, the load and the converter device, the microgrid energy management system is connected with the grid-connected access system, the converter device and the stored energy management system are both connected with the hybrid energy storage device, the hybrid energy storage device is composed of a lithium battery and a super-capacitor, the distributed power supply device comprises a wind power generation device and a photovoltaic power generation device, and the data acquisition system comprises an electrical capacity acquisition device, a communication device and a data storage device. According to the microgrid technical verification platform device based on the hybrid energy storage, evaluation and verification of operation, control and protection technologies by applying the microgrid are achieved, the platform is thorough in function and can meet the actual requirement of simulation experiment and technical identification of the microgrid.


The theme of sociolinguisƟ cs refl exivity becomes relevant in the context of visions, policies and discussions about conƟ nuity, vitality and recogniƟ on of linguisƟ c and cultural diversity and in addiƟ on to understanding contemporary intercultural exchanges. A par-Ɵ r to accept the premise that knowledge of language and communicaƟ on are always set in a sociocultural way that is historically conƟ ngent, enters stage a many quesƟ ons about objecƟ vity, moƟ vaƟ ons and nature of pracƟ cal sociolinguisƟ c refl ecƟ ve policies. Given the current environment of inequality and discriminaƟ on, the need for self-criƟ cism and introspecƟ on of speakers and researchers appears as a key aspect of the so-called indigenous quesƟ on in LaƟ n America.


A rare primary segmental omental infarction in an adult. Infarction of a part of the greater omentum has been recognized as an uncommon condition that may mimic other acute abdominal conditions, particularly acute appendicitis and acute cholecystitis. The presentation and course are seldom typical of appendicitis or cholecystitis. A greater omental infarction may occur without a recognizable cause, and may be termed "primary" (idiopathic), but in some cases, a cause is discovered, such as; mechanical interference with the blood supply to the omentum secondary to torsion, or systemic disorders such as cardiac, vascular, and hematological disease. The inflammatory necrotic mass resulting from the infarction produces somatic pain at its location in the abdomen. For unknown reasons the infarction occurs most commonly in the right half of the abdomen, especially the lower quadrant. An sign of peritoneal irritation, tenderness, and muscle guarding are the principal findings elicited on palpitation of the abdomen. Occasionally, a point of exquisite tenderness may be detected; this usually corresponds to the site of the infarction. Recognizing the typical imaging featuresan ovoid or cake-like mass in the omental fat with surrouding inflammatory changesof this condition is important, as most cases can be managed without surgery. We report a case of an adult patient with acute abdominal pain who was diagnosed with a right-sided segmentalomental infarction.


Non-profit organisations make up a considerable percentage of economic activity in many economies, yet their governance requirements and structures have historically tended to be ignored, or sometimes assumed to be similar to those for other organisations, including large publicly listed corporates. This is not the case. This paper identifies some of the frameworks proposed for evaluation of governance in NPOs, explores some characteristics of non-profit organisations that have significance for governance and it raises questions about its shape and direction. Much of the discussion involves the non-profit sector in Australasia but has relevance to many such organisations regardless of location.


The North Korean mission is inseparable from the South-North unification policy. In addition, the opinions of neighboring counties are also important....


The azo coupling of dimethylphenacylsulfonium bromides (I) with N-nitrosoacetanilides in nonaqueous solvents, and with diazotized aniline in aqueous media gave 2-bromophenylglyoxal 2-arylhydrazones (V) and the tetrazine (VI), respectively. V reacted with nucleophiles displacing the bromide. Treatment of V with bases gave VI via benzoylphenylnitrilimine (X). 1,3-Dipolar cycloadditions of X onto ethyl acrylate and acrylonitrile afforded the expected cycloadducts. The mechanisms of the reactions are outlined.


The article considers disputable issues of the definition and structure of the financial system. The author presents different approaches and opinions of economists and underpins her own position and view. The creation of financial systems of Federation's subjects is also substantiated. The author analyses the problems of efficiency estimation of financial systems and tries to find the solution to the problems.


The ability to recognize humans and their activities by vision is key for a machine to interact intelligently and effortlessly with a human-inhabited environment. Because of many potentially important applications, "looking at people" is currently one of the most active application domains in computer vision. This survey identifies a number of promising applications and provides an overview of recent developments in this domain. The scope of this survey is limited to work on whole-body or hand motion; it does not include work on human faces. The emphasis is on discussing the various methodologies; they are grouped in 2-D approaches with or without explicit shape models and 3-D approaches. Where appropriate, systems are reviewed. We conclude with some thoughts about future directions.


The 5 generation cellular technology i.e. 5G network is considered as most emerging wireless technology to enable the IoTs. Nevertheless, the key challenge is to offer a ubiquitous and efficient backhaul networking to small cell devices. There are several backhaul solutions are available which can address the backhaul challenges for 5G networks. In this context, the present survey study providing a detail overview on 5G infrastructure with respect to different architectural concept followed by different backhaul solutions. A qualitative review on prior backhaul solutions and different standards are discussed. Furthermore, highlighting perceives solutions over 5G backhaul networks, which are not apparent when backhaul networking is examined as individual part of 5G technology. This comprehensive survey study is key in exploring the significant catalysts which are supposed to mutually cover the way to solve the new wireless backhaul challenge. In the last, have defined key points generated from existing solution and providing consolidated research directions for new 5G backhaul network deployment.


Drawing on the latest Worlds of Journalism report, this study identifies the perceived roles of Chinese, Korean, and American journalists and examines the relationship between these role perceptions and the news frames used during COVID-19. Among the various frames, we looked at which frame was used more in each country (frame prevalence) and how those frames were used (framing valence). Based on a content analysis of the news articles ( N = 749), we found that Chinese journalists were more likely to use a frame that reassures people but less likely to emphasize uncertainty or conflict. Although South Korean and American journalists share similar role perceptions, Korean journalists used significantly fewer conflict and uncertainty frames than American journalists. When using consequence and action frames, Chinese media was more likely than Korean and American media to present stories positively. The implications of the findings are discussed. while the differences between Xinhua and Yonhap are not significant. The results suggest that the proportion of articles using the reassurance frame is significantly higher in Xinhua than in Yonhap ( Xinhua - Yonhap : χ 2 = 17.15, p <.001) and AP ( χ 2 = 50.34, p < .001). Therefore, H2 (the uncertainty frame will be presented more often in the United States and South Korea than in China) is partially supported, and H3 (the reassurance frame will be presented more often in China than in South Korea or the United States) is supported. is also supported. The results show that the frame valence of action is significantly more positive in Xinhua ( M = 0.43, SD = 0.60) than in Yonhap ( M = 0.02,


Composite building article is configured as one portion or a plurality of interface regions subsurface to improve the durability of the article is provided. Interfacial region below each surface is made of a matrix of fiber cement and radiation curable material. Radiation curable material to form entangled network structure with fiber cement, provides an interface region that resists ingress of environmental factors that may degrade the article. The number of the interface region of the subsurface, shape and distribution can be varied depending on the desired properties of the final product. Interface region subsurface also can be formed integrally with the base and outer coating layer, also improve the adhesion between the outer coating and the substrate.


Abstract We study the finite nonsolvable groups in which all nonlinear primitive (or nonmonomial) characters are of the same degree, or of square-free, prime power, or odd degree.


A lot of new broadcasting services using communication channels have been developed and structures of conventional content distribution and broadcasting services have been gradually changed. For example, broadcasting services were not bi-directional, but now, TV sets have Internet connection. This means that bi-directional and enriched broadcasting services may be possible. Content copyright protection is an issue also in such services. Several protection techniques have been applied for the purpose, but often broken. In addition, according to the change of the service structures, new security requirements have arisen and new security technologies are required. New security technologies developed to improve the current ones and to meet the requirements of new services are described in this paper. Moreover, trends in state-of -the-art studies and future outlook are described.


The name of the invention is a building communication system with at least one door station and at least two residence stations, wherein all the stations (1-5) are connected to a bus (8), communication and energy supply can be performed via the bus, wherein a voltage supply unit (6) is connected on the bus (8). At least a power coordinator (7) used for performing management of coordination of energy consumption of stations (1-5), the power coordinator is provided with a current energy consumption value of the stations (1-5) and a maximal permitted energy load carrying capability of a voltage supply unit (6), and the power coordinator is communicated with the stations (1-5), wherein, the stations (1-5) notifies/requests the required energy demand in the power coordinator (7). The power coordinator (7) determines whether the requested energy demand is provided by the voltage supply unit (6) on the basis of the current energy consumption value and the maximal permitted energy load carrying capability of the voltage supply unit.


The purpose of this paper is to describe the national strategy of Argentina in fighting against cybercrime, from a legal point of view. Argentina has 24 provinces with individual procedural crime code, in addition to another at the national government level. While the criminal law has a federal scope - covering all parts of the country, the specific application is local through local courts and local procedural codes. The paper shows the strategy of the federal government in this field.


The analysis of methodological approaches of research of a gender is given: continuity, innovation, integrity and verification. The attention on gnosiological, ontological, axiological and germenatic principles of scientific knowledge which are rather effective in research of gender's cultural relations is paid to


Zeise's salt, [PtCl 3 (H 2 C=CH 2 )] - , is the oldest known organometallic complex, featuring ethylene strongly bound to a platinum salt. Many derivatives are known, but none involving dinitrogen, and indeed dinitrogen complexes are unknown for both platinum and palladium. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of K 2 [PtCl 4 ] solutions generate ions corresponding to [PtCl 3 (N 2 )] - , whose identity was confirmed through ion mobility spectrometry and MS/MS experiments that proved it to be distinct from its isobaric counterparts [PtCl 3 (C 2 H 4 )] - and [PtCl 3 (CO)] - . Computational analysis established a gas-phase platinum-dinitrogen bond strength of 116 kJ mol -1 , substantially weaker than the ethylene and carbon monoxide analogues but stronger than for polar solvents such as water, methanol and dimethylformamide, and strong enough that the calculated N-N bond length of 1.119 Å represents weakening to a degree typical of isolated dinitrogen complexes.


Highly mobile ad hoc networks with their changing topology and distributed nature are more prone to intruders. The efficiency of an Intrusion Detection System in the case of an ad hoc network is not only determined by its dynamicity in monitoring but also by its flexibility in utilizing the available power in each of its nodes. In this paper, we propose a hybrid intrusion detection system, based on a power level metric for potential ad hoc hosts, which is used to determine the duration for which a particular node can support a network-monitoring node. Power - aware Hybrid Intrusion Detection System (PHIDS) focuses on the available power level in each of the nodes and determines the network monitors. Power aware intrusion detection using hybrid agents result in maintaining power and provides an iterative poweroptimal solution to identify fewer nodes for distributed agent-based intrusion detection.


The immunological characteristic of new populations of a winter rye of selection of north-east agricultural research institute is presented at their studying on artificial provocative backgrounds of local populations of the basic activators of illnesses in north-east of a non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation. On long-term data (2009-2011) it is established, that the perspective genofund of a winter rye has following immunological characteristic: high stability to a snow mould of populations: 10/00, 15/04, 37/04, 17/00 and the new zoned variety Flora; average stability to a brown and stem rust:, Snezhana 2, Snezhana 3, and 21-99-06; average stability to mealdew: Graphynja, 21-99-06, 13/00, Graphynja-2D, 24/08, 41/08, Snezhana 2, C-30/07, and Leda; average stability to root rot in a phase of shoots: 15/04, Snezhana 3, Rada (RF.c.), 27/07, 10/99 and the zoned varieties: Flora, Kirovskaja 89, Falenskaja 4, and Rushnik; in a phase of full ripeness at a population 15/04 and a variety Rushnik; high stability to an ergot: 41/08, 27/07, Flora (RF.c.), 13/00, Snezhana ChP 13/06, Graphynja-2D, and at a variety Flora. Populations Flora (RF.c.), 17/00 and 37/04 are high-yielding both on natural, and on artificial infectious backgrounds. Thus, on long-term data on stability to several illnesses and high productivity among a perspective genofund of a winter rye of selection of north-east agricultural research institute the next eight populations are noted: Flora, 17/00, Flora (RF.c.), 37/04, 41/08, 27/07, Rada (RF.c.), 21-99-06.


General Circulation Models are not able to provide a resolution fine enough to resolve small-scale atmospheric circulations, such as the ones affected by the orography or by the surface characteristics, resulting in a poor climate simulation. An alternative to overcome this limitation is to nest a regional model with finer resolution in the global model. In this study, we used the RegCM4 regional model with the new convective parameterizations discussed in Giorgi et al. 2012. The results show that the temperature was well represented, regardless of the parameterization used, suggesting that regional models are a good alternative to simulate the seasonal climate.


Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is estimated to have caused more than 18 million deaths worldwide as of end-May 2022. Methods: COVIDENCE UK is a longitudinal population-based study that investigates risk factors for, and impacts of, COVID-19 in UK residents aged [≥]16 years. A unique feature is the capacity to support trial-within-cohort studies to evaluate interventions for prevention of COVID-19 and other acute respiratory illnesses. Participants complete a detailed online baseline questionnaire capturing self-reported information relating to their socio-demographic characteristics, occupation, lifestyle, quality of life, weight, height, longstanding medical conditions, medication use, vaccination status, diet and supplemental micronutrient intake. Follow-up on-line questionnaires capturing incident symptoms of COVID-19 and other acute respiratory infections, incident swab test-confirmed COVID-19, doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine received, and quality of life are completed at monthly intervals. Results: The study was launched on 1st May 2020 and closed to recruitment on 6th October 2021. A total of 19,981 participants enrolled and consented to 5-year follow-up with medical record linkage. Their mean age was 59.1 years (range 16.0 to 94.4 years), 70.2% were female, and 93.7% identified their ethnic origin as White. Analyses conducted to date have provided key insights into risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease, determinants of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy, and impacts of COVID-19 on health economic outcomes. The cohort has also supported conduct of a Phase 3 randomised trial-within-cohort study (CORONAVIT) evaluating implementation of a test-and-treat approach to correcting sub-optimal vitamin D status on incidence and severity of acute respiratory infections, including COVID-19. Conclusions: The COVIDENCE UK dataset represents a valuable resource containing granular information on factors influencing susceptibility to, and impacts of, COVID-19 in UK adults. Researchers wishing to access anonymised participant-level data should contacting the corresponding author for further information.


The Vietnamese manganese oxide ore was treated by reduction roasting-acid leaching process and redox reaction process with two kinds of ores.The optimal conditions for reduction roasting-acid leaching were ascertained by orthogonal roasting experiments and single-factor leaching experiments.The leaching rate of manganese was more than 96% while the leaching rate of the scale-up experiment was 93.21% under the optimal conditions.The optimal conditions for the redox reaction process with two kinds of ores were ascertained by single-factor leaching experiments,under which the leaching rate of manganese was 94.97%.The comparison between two results indicated that reduction roasting-acid leaching process was suitable for this Vietnamese manganese oxide ore.


This study is focused on development of a method of TiO2 immobilization, convenient for the wastewater remediation (especially for the degradation of textile dyes) and cheap for an industrial operation. An influence of selected operational parameters on process performance was verified. Methylene Blue was chosen as the model dye, however, a possibility of decolorization of other dyes was also tested. Two different ways of TiO2 immobilization were examined. An application of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) revealed to be more convenient for our purposes than application of the polyacrylamide (PA), as the observed degradation rate was much faster with the PVA. When TiO2 was immobilized in PA gel, the effects of the volumetric flow rate of the treated liquid through the photoreactor, wavelength of the UV light and the amount of immobilized TiO2 on decolorization process were negligible. Higher light intensity made the dye degradation substantially faster.


Abstract : A theoretical and experimental study of the Gunn effect is presented. It appears that this effect, originally observed by Gunn as a time variation in the current through ohmic samples of n-GaAs when the sample voltage exceeded a critical value, can be accounted for by the transferred electron model of Ridley and Watkins. This model is based on a transfer of electrons from a low-mass, high-mobility conduction band that is lowest in energy to a higher-mass, low- mobility band as the electron temperature is increased by the applied electric field. If the transfer occurs rapidly enough as the electric field is increased, a bulk differential negative resistance will be realized, which then leads to the formation of domains of different electrical conductivity which move through the sample, giving rise to a time-varying current. The Gunn effect was also observed in n-CdTe, and resistance vs hydrostatic pressure experiments show that the transferred electron model is a reasonable explanation for this material as well. Finally, the absence of an instability in n-InSb and n-InAs is shown to be consistent with the transferred electron model.


The ultrasonic properties in the hexagonal structured lanthanide metals Ti, Zr and Hf have been studied at room temperature. The higher order elastic constants have been calculated for these metals using Lennard- Jones Potential for evaluating orientation-dependent ultrasonic properties. An anomalous behaviour in orientation dependent velocity is obtained, which is due to the combined effect of second order elastic constants and density. The achieved ultrasonic properties are compared with known physical parameters to differentiate them from third group nitrides/laves phase compounds.


A variety of engineered systems can encounter critical transitions where the system suddenly shifts from one stable state to another at a critical threshold. The critical transition has aroused vital concerns for its potentially disastrous impacts. We validate an often taken-for-granted hypothesis that the failure of engineered systems can be attributed to the respective critical transitions and show how early warning signals are closely associated with critical transitions. We demonstrate that it is feasible to use early warning signals to predict system failures. Our findings open a new path to forecast failures of engineered systems with a generic method and provide supporting evidence for the universal existence of critical transition in dynamical systems at multiple scales.


Severe recurrent upper abdominal pain is the most common and prominent symptom of chronic pancreatitis patients. Therefore, pain relief and improvement in patients' quality of life are the primary goals in the treatment of this disease. As a first approach, patients should be managed conservatively. If medical treatment fails, endoscopic intervention can offer pain relief in the majority of patients in the short term. However, recent data suggests that at least in complex disease surgical treatment is superior to endoscopic intervention since it provides superior long-term results. Several surgical drainage procedures and resection techniques have been introduced and proven to be effective. However, the duodenum preserving surgical techniques should be favored, since they are safer and even more efficient than the classical Whipple's procedure. They have shown to offer adequate pain control and improvement in quality of life in most patients. At the same time they can be performed with low morbidity and mortality rates, preserving endocrine and exocrine function of the pancreas and therefore ensuring an improvement of patients' quality of life.


This article has summarized the current research progresses and prospects of the development of sucralose. There are three kinds of synthetic methods of sucralose. They are the monogroup protected synthesis, the hologroup protected synthesis and the enzymic hydrolysis. Among these methods,the last one has some advantages, which has simple synthesis route and product concentration. So it should be mainly developed in our country.


Point-projection microscopy (PPM) with low energy electrons is developing into a powerful tool for holographic reconstruction of individual proteins and solid state nanostructures. In combination with laser-based photoemission schemes, it offers the exciting prospect of ultrafast coherent electron holography of single nanostructures. Such experiments would greatly benefit from a freestanding electron source with femtosecond time resolution, few-nm emitter size, and good coherence properties. Here, we use plasmonic nanofocusing on a conical gold taper and multiphoton photoemission from the taper apex to create such a source. It is implemented in a PPM setup and used to record in-line holograms of thin bundles of single-walled carbon nanotubes, demonstrating an effective emitter radius of less than 5 nm. We show that the same concept can also be transferred to tungsten tips, offering further improvements in emitter size and brightness. Numerical simulations show that such an ultrafast, low-energy electron s...


Fractional integrodifferential diffusion equations play a significant role in describing anomalous diffusion phenomena. In this paper, we study the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions to these equations. Firstly, we construct an appropriate resolvent family, through which the related equicontinuity, strong continuity, and compactness properties are studied using the convolution theorem of Laplace transform, the probability density function, the Cauchy integral formula, and the Fubini theorem. Then, we construct a reasonable mild solution for the considered equations. Finally, we obtain some sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of mild solutions to the considered equations by some fixed point theorems.


Zn-Mn ferrospinel systems have been characterized by ESR, X-ray diffraction, FTIR, BET surface area and ammonia desorption methods. It has been observed that ESR spectra of systems possessing high 'x' values are highly magnetic in nature. Distortion of the system is also observed with increasing Mn content in the samples. The g-values are in the range of 2.11410 - 2.11455. XRD pattern confirms FCC lattice for the system. XRD particle size decreases with increasing Mn content in the system. Two broad bands appearing at 700 and 500 cm - 1 in the FTIR spectra of spinels are ascribed to M-O stretching frequency of tetrahedral and ? dral sites respectively. All catalysts show weak, medium and strong acidic sites corresponding to ammonia desorption in different temperature ranges 423-523, 523-623 and 623-723 K. The acidity and surface area increases with increasing Mn content of the system. These findings have been correlated with the catalytic activity of spinels in the alkylation of few aromatic compounds.


Objective: To study the improvement of immunity and the improved results of other treatments by treating the spiritual barrier of patients with cancer. Methods: The standard of HAMD and SCL-90 of 34 patients with cancer was compared with 34 normal people. 34 patients with cancer were given Fluoxetine for 8 weeks, and observed the change of their standard of HAMD and SCL-90 as well as their immunity after the treatment. Results: There existed obvious differences of spiritual and physical symptoms between the patients with cancer and the normal people. After treatment with antidepressant, not only the patients' symptom of spiritual barrier had been improved, but also the amount of immunoglobulin and T-lymphocytes subgroup and Nk had increased. Conclusion: After treatment with antidepressant, the psychological barrier and immunity of the patients had been improved, and other treatments of cancer would hare better results.


The present invention discloses a lead member and prevent leakage of the high frequency signal is connected to the shield shell to a printed circuit board, comprising the steps of: applying solder step, the solder coating, the solder and lead wires are inserted through the PCB cover provided entire pore lead member, through a portion of the solder to cover the hole and inserted into the engagement portion of the shield case disposed PCB; mounting step, the engagement portion of the shield case and the lead wire is inserted into the PCB member, whereby the lead member and shield case mounted on the PCB; welding step, the lead member and the shield case with a PCB is inserted into a reflow furnace, the solder is melted, thereby welding.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a pressure-sensitive transducer. The method is characterized by after etching silicon oxide at an anchoring through hole, increasing a step of etching silicon substrate to form an anchoring base hole, and then adopting an isotropic etching process at the silicon substrate to form an anchor with an anchoring base in the subsequent processes flow, so as to bear a pressure-sensitive transducer main body. Moreover, the anchoring base is extended in the silicon substrate and is wide, thereby increasing the stability of the structure of the pressure-sensitive transducer main body.


Although its contribution on GDP creation continues declining, agricultural sector remains to be utmost important. Of in particular its roles on employment creation, poverty alleviation, and national food security enhancement. The last three may be the most critical issues faced by Indonesia now and some years to come. In Indonesia in 2002, unemployment rate was still very high; open unemployment 9.0 percent or 9,132 million persons and underemployment 31.17 percent or 31,411 million persons. Poverty incidence is also still very high. In 2002, the poverty incidence was 18.2 percent or 38.4 million persons. Most of the unemployed or underemployed are poor people, live in rural areas and are dependent on agriculture for their living. Food security, especially of its selfreliance, is also a pressing problem for Indonesia.


The invention discloses a flexible printed circuit board and a terminal and relates to the technical field of the flexible printed circuit boards; the problem that the welding of a reflow soldering device of a through hole on the flexible printed circuit board has low reliability in the prior art is solved. The flexible printed circuit board comprises a flexible circuit board layer, one side of the flexible circuit board layer is provided with a stiffening plate, and a through hole is arranged on the flexible printed circuit board for welding a welding end on the reflow soldering device of thethrough hole, and the through hole penetrates through the flexible printed circuit board and the stiffening plate. The invention is mainly applied to the flexible printed circuit board.


A model of the viscoelastic/damage response of a filament-wound spherical vessel used for long-term pressure containment is developed. The matrix material of the composite system is assumed to be linearly viscoelastic. Internal accumulated damage based upon a quadratic relationship between transverse modulus and maximum circumferential strain is postulated. The resulting nonlinear problem is solved by an iterative routine. The elastic- viscoelastic correspondence principle is employed to produce, in the Laplace domain, the associated elastic solution for the maximum circumferential strain which is inverted by the method of collocation to yield the time-dependent solution. Results obtained with the model are compared to experimental observations.


Genes and Jazz (part of the Works & Process series), performed by Harold and Jacob Varmus, 16-17 November 2008, Peter B. Lewis Theater, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York

![Figure][1]

The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York, with its distinctive exterior and helical main gallery,


XML and XQuery are technologies of choice for data exchange and transfer for years. In reality, data is often uncertain, ambiguous or unknown. The idea to manage the imprecise data using fuzzy logic is not new, but usable implementations are very rare. We define fuzzy extensions to XQuery that allow a user to add fuzzy, priority and threshold expressions in the query using GPFCSP (Generalized Priority Fuzzy Constraint Satisfaction Problem) as a theoretical background. This paper concentrates around the main ideas on how to implement an interpreter for the proposed fuzzified XQuery language. The system is implemented using a native XML database for data storage and retrieval.


Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the antecedents of entrepreneurial self-efficacy (ESE) and entrepreneurial outcome expectations (EOE) using the distal parts of the social cognitive career theory (SCCT) in an entrepreneurial context. Specifically, this study examined the influence of indigenous ethnic groups in Nigeria (Yoruba, Igbo and Hausa) and entrepreneurial learning experiences (ELE) on ESE and EOE.

Design/methodology/approach
The design of the study is cross-sectional. Data were collected from 335 students from three purposively selected tertiary institutions in Nigeria. This study analysed the data with Bayesian structural equation modelling.

Findings
Firstly, there are no indigenous ethnic group differences in ELE except for negative emotions and vicarious learning. Secondly, contrary to popular beliefs, the Igbo ethnic group did not perform better than the other ethnic groups on the significant ELE. Thirdly, three of the five ELE factors directly led to ESE and EOE and indirectly led to EOE.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to compare the indigenous ethnic groups in Nigeria on entrepreneurial outcomes and investigate the antecedents of ESE and EOE as posited by SCCT.


The invention provides an offline downloading method and an offline downloading portal service system for terminal equipment. The method comprises the following steps that: the terminal equipment accesses the Internet, and selects resources to be downloaded by a portal website server; the server verifies the identity and right of the terminal equipment, starts a new downloading agent thread according to verification results, and periodically communicates with the terminal equipment to acquire current downloading conditions; and once losing touch with the terminal equipment, the server awakensthe downloading agent thread according to the latest downloading information received from the terminal equipment, and continues a downloading task from a breakpoint. The terminal equipment can obtain the latest downloaded data from the agent thread after being online again. In addition, the server determines the number of the downloading agent threads according to a user level, and if the user level is higher, the determined number of the downloading agent threads is more. Compared with the prior art, the invention improves the downloading efficiency of the terminal equipment, and improves user experiences and user stickiness.


AIM:To improve the impact of psychological crisis intervention on the quality of life for patients with advanced breast cancer.METHODS:108 cases with advanced breast cancer were randomly divided into psychological crisis intervention group(65 cases)and control group(43 cases).A psychological crisis intervention,a self-rating depression scale(SDS),a self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)and a SF-36 Scale(that is health survey summary table,the Mos 36 item shore form health survey,SF-36)evaluation were used to analyze compared with control group.RESULTS:After the intervention in psychological crisis intervention group,the scores of SDS and SAS were significantly lower than those before the intervention(both P0.01),the 8 areas of SF-36 score were significantly increased(P0.01);There were no significant differences in control group between the scores of SDS and SAS before and after treatment(all P0.05).Except for 2 areas of physiological functions of the body and outside pain in SF-36 score,there were no significant differences before and after treatment(P0.05).CONCLUSION:Psychological intervention can significantly improve the psychological state of patients with advanced breast cancer,thereby improve the quality of life in patients with advanced breast cancer.


PDAM Tirtanadi is one of the local government enterprise that provider drinking water service to the public. The services provided under the PPOB system still disrupt the network technology system and there is a decrease in income, so as not to reach the level of customer satisfaction of PDAM Tirtanadi Medan Sunggal Branch. The purpose of this research is to test and analyze the influence of PPOB system on customer satisfaction at PDAM Tirtanadi Medan Sunggal Branch. The type of this research is descriptive quantitative and the nature of research using descriptive explanatory. This research uses accidental sampling method. The population in this study as many as 3030 customers and samples used 97 customers in PDAM Tirtanadi Medan Branch Sunggal. Data analysis using simple linear regression analysis. The results showed that the PPOB system has a positive and significant influence on customer satisfaction. This shows that the better PPOB system provided by PDAM Tirtanadi Medan Sunggal Branch will increase customer satisfaction.


Decision making in a complex, dynamic environment is a very difficult task that requires new techniques of computational intelligence for building adaptive, hybrid intelligent decision support systems (HIDSS). Here, a new approach is proposed based on evolving agents in a dynamic environment. Neural network and rule-based agents are evolved using methods included in a repository for intelligent connectionist based information systems (RICBIS). A case study project on risk analysis of the European Monetary Union (EMU) is carried out and a framework of system is presented along with some preliminary results.


The University of Washington is investigating the possible application of a high -temperature chemical propulsion system to small satellite operations. Under ideal conditions, increasing the chamber temperature results in an increase in the specific impulse. Using Micro Electromechanical (MEMS) nozzles etched in a non -traditional block configura tion allows for thrust levels on the order of a few millinewtons. Specific impulse levels would ideally be on the order of 280 seconds. Yet, the extremely small scale of micronozzles results in inefficiencies associated with the development of the bounda ry layer. The problem is only exacerbated with the application of the high adiabatic flame temperatures (2000K – 3000K) of propellants under consideration. Since both specific impulse and viscosity increase with temperature, the question arises whether a region of negative return exists where inefficiencies associated with an increase in viscosity overcome the ideal increase of specific impulse. Computational analysis shows that for a micronozzle geometry of aspect and expansion ratio equal to 10, and n ozzle half -divergence angle of 30 degrees, a region of negative return does not exist down to a Reynolds number of 250.


Pathological gambling is characterized by up-dated medical and social modalities, which are associated with high levels of communication and comorbidity with other psychic disturbances. This paper involves not only the study of comorbidity structures but also we are trying to analyze interaction of pathological gambling, criminal and suicidal behavior and risks. The given clinical data support and optimize adequate strategy, choose the adequate treatment regimen, expand the scale of prophylactic measures, decrease the onset of risky situations in the sick and other unfavorable social and economic outcomes of pathological gambling.


Objective To investigate dexamethasone on airway inflammation and CD4+ CD25 + regulatory T cells (CD4+ CD25 +Tr) of asthmatic rats,and elucidate the possible mechanism of dexamethasone in treatment of asthma.Methods 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,asthma group and dexamethasone-treated group.Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected,and cytology study was conducted.The lung tissue was obtained and pathologic analysis was done through HE stain.Flow eytometry was used to detect the CD4+ CD25 +Tr ratio in PBMCs.Results Total cells number,the percentage of lymphocytes,neutrophils and eosinophils (Eos)in BALF of dexamethasone-treated group were lower than that of asthma group (P<0.05,P<0.01).Compared with the asthma group,less infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissues was observed in the dexamethasone-treated group.CD4+ CD25 + Tr of asthma group was lower than that of control and dexamethasone-treated group (P<0.05).Conclusion Dexamethasone could suppress airway inflammation of asthmatic rats,which probably be due to increasing the number of CD4+ CD25 + Tr.

Key words:
Dexamethasone/PD; Asthma; Inflammation; T-lymphocytes; CD4-positive T-lymphocytes


The paper takes the data about population migration of China's fifth and sixth population census and the 1% population sample survey in 2005 as the sample, using the individual fixed effect model to test Tiebout Model, and the result shows that the differences in local fiscal expenditures play an important role in China's interprovincial population migration, the number of immigration increases with the increase of the fiscal expenditures in the immigrant areas, but the role in the developed regions is less than general regions, compared with the productive fiscal expenditures, the differences in the livelihood expenditures have greater effect on population migration.


and writers" (p. v). One will discover the familiar ideas that the novel's purpose is to entertain and to teach, yet encounter something new in Tanizaki's idea that the novel is superior to religion in its power to ennoble mankind, and in Shiga's view of the novel as a form that evokes in the reader the instinct of self-preservation. Also interesting are Ueda's comments that reveal connections between modern literary concepts and those of the past: Kafu's "kabuki style of fiction" (p. 42) and his view of the novel as chat, Dazai's concept of humor that derives from Basho's karumi (lightness), Shiga's and Dazai's idea of fiction as personal revelation, and Mishima's modernization of a traditional ideal of the warrior-writer.


Considering the stochastic resonance phenomenon is constrained and influenced by signal amplitude and frequency,noise intensity and system parameters,a fast and effective adaptive adjusting method for stochastic resonance(SR) parameters is proposed.The adaptive adjustment of the sampling frequency and system parameters for the time-varying input signal and noise not only can effectively prevent data overflow in SR process,but also can maintain the best signal processing performance and keep the output signal to noise ratio at the maximum value.Simulation demonstrates the validity of proposed method.


We develop a model that expresses the joint impact of spatial resolution <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$s$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and JPEG compression quality factor <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$q^{f}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> on immersive image quality. The model is expressed as the product of optimized exponential functions of these factors. The model is tested on a subjective database of immersive image contents rendered on a head mounted display. High Pearson correlation and Spearman correlation (>0.95) and small relative root mean squared error (<5.6%) are achieved between the model predictions and the subjective quality judgements. The immersive ground-truth images along with the rest of the database are made available for future research and comparisons.


Thin film flows over porous and moving sheets of variable thickness have been reconsidered here. New and multiple dimensions of classical problems of such type flow are analyzed. Here, we categorically emphasized on the nature and kinds of injection (suction) and moving velocities of the sheet, whereas, variable size of the sheet is also taken into account. We formed and investigated different cases and checked different options for kinematics of sheet, variable sizes of thin film and that of sheet. All possible cases of exact similarities are noticed by which the system of partial differential equations and boundary conditions are exactly transformed into ordinary differential equations. The final systems of exact equations are solved by bvp4c technique. The present simulations are exactly matched with the previously published analyses for special choices of functions and parameters. Strict behavioral changes have been observed in the velocity profiles by changing the nature of sheet's kinematics.


This work concerns a novel study in the field of image‐to‐geometry registration. Our approach takes inspiration from medical imaging, in particular from multi‐modal image registration. Most of the algorithms developed in this domain, where the images to register come from different sensors (CT, X‐ray, PET), are based on Mutual Information, a statistical measure of non‐linear correlation between two data sources. The main idea is to use mutual information as a similarity measure between the image to be registered and renderings of the model geometry, in order to drive the registration in an iterative optimization framework. We demonstrate that some illumination‐related geometric properties, such as surface normals, ambient occlusion and reflection directions can be used for this purpose. After a comprehensive analysis of such properties we propose a way to combine these sources of information in order to improve the performance of our automatic registration algorithm. The proposed approach can robustly cover a wide range of real cases and can be easily extended.


In this paper a dual-band bandstop filter using tri-section stepped impedance open stub configuration is presented. Transmission zero positions ( i.e stopbands ) can be controlled by tuning the impedances of the shunt tri-section stepped impedance unit and the series transmission line impedance is used to allocate the transmission poles to sharp the attenuation rate. Design equations were derived using lossless transmission line model. The simulated filter is fabricated using Roger/RT duroid 5870 substrate with thickness of 0.787mm and dielectric constant of 2.33. Good agreement between simulated and measured results is observed.


The boron atom deviation from salicylidenimino-plane might affect the nonlinear optical (NLO) response. We found that the formation of the N→B coordinative bond increases the optical nonlinear response in comparison with the free-ligand. The electronic properties for these compounds were investigated by cyclic voltammetry, UV-vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. DFT theory at B3LYP/6-31G (d) level indicates the phenyl of boron is not involved in the electronic distribution and these orbital frontiers are extended along the electron donor (-NEtR2R, -OMe) and acceptor (-NOR2R) groups of each system. Also, we reported two different one-pot microwave-assisted syntheses of four organoboron compounds with and without solvent where the reaction yield and time are improved.


The strength of AC system to which the inverter side of the HVDC is connected directly exerts great influence on the dynamic performance of HVDC.Commutation failure is one of the most common faults in HVDC.The mechanism related to commutation failures has been analyzed to induce various triggering factors such as: DC current,commutation impedance,commutation voltage,leading firing angle and unmatched receiving system etc.It is facilitated by simulations on AC-DC model using Matlab/Simulink.


As a result of the feasibility study carried out before the Project SMT4-CT985517, "ACCURAT" [l], commenced, the following recommendations were made: "There is an urgent need to establish a new International Standard to define test procedures for performance verification of co-ordinate measuring machines of all sizes. * "The method of test should be based on a single, universal artefact which is used in conjunction with a laser interferometer. The aim of this paper is to review current standards for verifying CMMs and to form the basis for the introduction of the use of the laser into these standards. It discusses the pros and cons of these standards and identifies the need for innovation in CMM testing methods. Recommendations in the form of a written report for a modified I S 0 standard are made. These are based on the results of research carried out on CMMs tested in Europe. This document also describes a proposal for an artefact for the interim checking of three dimensional CMMs, especially those with operating axes in excess of 1 m. This artefact should be simple, easy to manufacture, easy to use. cheap and mechanically stable.


Cancer Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy works by activating the patient's own immune system to fight cancer. For effective tumor killing, CD8+ T cells recognize tumor peptides presented by human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) molecules. In humans, there are three major HLA-I genes ( HLA-A, HLA-B , and


Grassland resource is an important land resource and also a kind of renewable natural resources,which has very important ecological and economic functions and values.Xinjiang belongs to arid areas,where the ecological environment is very fragile.Grassland is the foundation of developing animal husbandry in Xinjiang ethnic areas,which plays an important role in the ecological environment protection and construction of grassland.The natural and human factors of grassland degradation are analyzed systematically.


Diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), larvae from 10 field populations in Hawaii were tested for susceptibility to DDT, diazinon, permethrin, and fenvalerate. Data were analyzed by probit methods and by ANOVA (analysis of variance), which has some advantages compared with probit and diagnostic dose tests for resistance. Relative to a laboratory strain, maximum resistance ratios at LC50 were 130 for DDT, 15 for diazinon, 5 for permethrin, and 3 for fenvalerate. Significant intra-island variation in susceptibility among populations occurred. Some populations separated by <10 km differed in susceptibility, but variation among islands was not significant. Results suggest that past selection by insecticides other than pyrethroids (e.g., DDT and diazinon) caused some cross-resistance to permethrin. Sequences, rotations, and combinations of conventional insecticides are unlikely to retard resistance development in the diamondback moth due to cross-resistance. Management of the diamondback moth with pathogens, natural enemies, cultural controls, and limited insecticide use may slow evolution of resistance.


A fully relativistic restricted active space (RAS) configuration interaction (CI) approach is employed to compute the P, T-odd interaction constant Wd of the ground 2Σ state of BaF. The present calculation estimates Wd = −0.352 × 1025 Hz/e-cm. We also report the dipole moment μe of the ground state of BaF which is in good agreement with experiment.


These are the elaborated notes of two talks given at the Summer School in Göttingen on Higher-Dimensional Geometry over Finite Fields. We study the De Rham cohomology of smooth and proper varieties over fields of positive characteristic in case that the Hodge spectral sequence degenerates. The De Rham cohomology carries the structure of a so-called F -zip. We explain two classifications of F -zips, one stems from representation theory of algebras and the other one uses algebraic groups and their compactifications. We show how this second classification can be extended if the De Rham cohomology is endowed with a symplectic or a symmetric pairing. Throughout we illustrate the theory via the examples of (polarized) abelian varieties and (polarized) K3-surfaces.


Attention to a food supply chain has increased recently due to population growth and increased demand for food. Aquaculture development is advantageous as fish is a crucial constituent of the food basket of households. This study first presents a new bi-objective and multi-period mathematical model of a fish closed-loop supply chain (CLSC). The model is addressed by utilizing the multi-objective Keshtel algorithm (MOKA), NSGA-II, and MOSA). The Taguchi method is employed to tune these meta-heuristics to attain superior performance, and the e-constraint method is used in solving small-sized problems to validate them. The results show that the exact method cannot solve large-sized problems. The solutions are compared in terms of different performance metrics. Utilizing the 'filtering/displaced ideal solution' DIS method, NSGA-II and MOKA with a direct distance of 0.4228 and 0.8976 have the first and second performance ranks, respectively. Also, a case study including a trout CLSC in the north of Iran is investigated. The results and the case study show that the developed model can be applied to the proposed solution approach.


When building the embedded system based on Linux,there are higher requirements for reliability,security and power con-sumption.Therefore,a model is required to direct the design and implementation of the system while it describes the system clearly and fully.Integrating a variety of elements of the embedded system,combining with architecture model and layer thought,the five-layer architecture model of the embedded system is provided and analyzed.The model is applied to the development of an embedded Linux system which called WOLF-Linux.The system is completed very well by the direction of the five-layer model.It is proved that the five-layer architecture model is available for the design and implementation of the embedded system.


Diffuse correlation spectroscopy faces challenges concerning the contamination of cutaneous and deep tissue blood flow. We propose a long short-term memory network to directly quantify the flow rates of shallow and deep-layer tissues. By exploiting the different contributions of shallow and deep-layer flow rates to auto-correlation functions, we accurately predict the shallow and deep-layer flow rates (RMSE = 0.047 and 0.034 ml/min/100 g of simulated tissue, R2 = 0.99 and 0.99, respectively) in a two-layer flow phantom experiment. This approach is useful in evaluating the blood flow responses of active muscles, where both cutaneous and deep-muscle blood flow increase with exercise.


Third‐order, one‐dimensional, semiconductor‐air gratings have been designed, fabricated, and evaluated by optical waveguide transmission measurements. Gratings with as little as six unit cells show a clear band edge around 840–850 nm. Owing to our approach of semiconductor‐rich lattices with small airgaps, the diffractive spreading loss is sufficiently small (∼50% in the passband) for meaningful results to be extracted. The measurements indicate that the optical waveguide approach is a good starting point for the study of photonic microstructures and that practical device concepts can be implemented.


In this article, a 2-D TCAD simulation study on the forward and reverse characteristics of oxygen-terminated diamond (D:O) m-i-p<sup>+</sup> Schottky barrier diode (SBD) is carried out considering the effects of Fermi level pinning due to surface states (SSs) and metal-induced gap states (MIGS). The device simulation considers drift-diffusion transport, SS charge neutrality level (CNL), MIGS through Fermi level pinning parameter (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${S}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), doping and temperature-dependent mobility model, incomplete ionization of dopants, and impact ionization models. The simulation validation is carried out for Al/Au Schottky metals at room temperature and at higher temperatures. A good comparison between the simulation and experiment is obtained around turn-on voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{T{0}}~\sim ~1.0$ </tex-math></inline-formula> V for Al and ~2.0 V for Au Schottky contacts) and for anode voltage (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${V}_{A}{)} > {V}_{T{0}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Through simulations, we estimated the type of SSs and their quantity, and the position of CNL (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${E}_{\text {CNL}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) within the diamond bandgap. The effect of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${E}_{\text {CNL}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> position and pinning parameter on the forward and reverse characteristics is also simulated. The impact of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${E}_{\text {CNL}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and SS on reverse leakage current is also analyzed using a nonlocal barrier tunneling model. At higher temperatures, a good match between simulation and experiment of forward characteristics is achieved.


ABSTRACT The nutritional value of the rhizomes of Kaempferia angustifolia was measured through the antioxidant properties of various extracts and the determination of the bioactive compounds. The chloroform and methanol extracts of the rhizomes of Kaempferia angustifolia showed strong free radical scavenging activities against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) with values of 615.92 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g each. The methanol extract also exhibited the strongest antioxidant properties in the azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assay with a value of 38.87 mg TE/g. The hexane extract gave the strongest reducing ability in cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assay with a value of 901.76 mg TE/g, whilst the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the strongest reducing ability against ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) with a value of 342.23 mg TE/g. Column chromatographic separation on the rhizomes of Kaempferia angustifolia afforded boesenboxide (1), crotepoxide (2), 2ˊ-hydroxy-4,4ˊ,6ˊ-trimethoxychalcone (3), kaempfolienol (4), and zeylenol (5), which were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Kaempfolienol (4) was the strongest free radical agent against DPPH with a value of 443.92 mg TE/g, whilst 2ˊ-hydroxy-4,4ˊ,6ˊ-trimethoxychalcone (3) exhibited the strongest antioxidant properties with values of 42.23, 1497.22, and 781.53 mg TE/g against ABTS, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays, respectively.


Edit Distance with Block Swaps is an idea that used to improve the efficiency of the Edit Distance algorithm. A version of this method was introduced by Davuth and Kim, in that paper the blocks are found by seeking the diagonal and cut point by a look-up table. The limit of this method is that it only supports up to three blocks and the theoretic running time for finding the blocks in the worst case is quadratic. In this paper, we use the directed acyclic word graph (DAWG) to find the blocks in a linear time. And with unlimited block supported, we have a better approximate comparison for strings that are seem to be similar in the meaning but different when using Edit Distance. We also suggest several data structures to deal with the blocks in term of intervals processing. Moreover, we propose some methods to estimate the efficiency of the swapping method. Our experiment on the Snort rule set also shows that with the DAWG applied, the number of compared rules is reduced dramatically.


The research conducted by the author, namely the analysis of the factors that affect the distribution channels in the Kompas daily newspaper in town kepualaun Riau. Based on the results of research and discussion that the author has kemukan, it could be concluded as follows: From the calculations simple regression between the consideration of the market distribution channel there is a positive relationship, either separately or jointly. From the simple regression calculation between consideration of goods to distribution channels, there is also a positive relationship, either separately or jointly. The results of the t-test sig of 0960, the value was greater than 0.05. Ho is accepted, meaning that there is a positive relationship between the consideration and the goods market and separately, while the F test sig also greater than 0.05 is of 0.00. So that Ho refused to state there is a positive relationship between the two variables together. 4. From the above explanation can disimpulkan Goods variables that factor is more dominant compared to the market variables.


A new thermal imaging method that senses the change in Si index of refraction as a function of temperature to visualize temperature distributions of LSI circuits is described. The resolution is not limited by the heat radiation wavelength but by the sensing light source, which is usually around 1µm. The method further extends the application into the areas that require both high spatial and temporal resolution by utilizing a pulsed light source.


The model of a free relativistic particle with fractional spin in 2+1 dimensions is proposed. It is shown that there are two schemes of the canonical quantization of the model. One of these leads to the description of the physical states of the model as one-particle states of a (2+1)-dimensional Poincare group either by multivalued functions in the case of a standard realization of canonical coordinates and momenta operators, or by single-valued functions in the case of a nonstandard realization of these operators. The second scheme leads to a (2+1)-dimensional analog of an infinite-component Majorana equation and to a mass shell condition as quantum conditions on the physical state vectors. Two variants of action for a free field with arbitrary (fractional) spin are constructed on the basis of these quantum conditions.


This paper presents a hardware accelerator for a universal Reed Solomon codec which can be configured to behave as an encoder or decoder for any RS(n, k, t) code with programmable field dimension m. For this purpose a hardware-software codesign approach is followed. A general C implementation of the scheduling for any RS(n, k, t) code which initially configures the accelerator, gives comparable performance to hand-optimized assembly level implementation for a specific RS code on state-of-the-art DSPs supporting Galois field arithmetic. These features facilitate the use of the same accelerator in multiple communication standards and also in different environments, without requiring any manual intervention when the characteristics of the RS code change.


Abstract In this paper, we consider a dead-oil model where the capillary pressure is neglected. In a multidimensional space and for a phase-by-phase upstream weigthing cell-centered finite volume scheme, we prove the pressure estimates, the existence of solutions to the discrete equations and the stability of the saturation calculation. This is done in the explicit case as well as in the implicit case. Some numerical tests show the convergence of the scheme.


Eddy current testing is well established for non-destructive testing of electrical conductive m aterials [1]. The development of radio frequency (RF) eddy current technology with frequency ranges up to 100 MHz made it possible to extend the classical fields of applicati on even towards less conductive materials like CFRP [2][3]. It turns out that RF eddy current technology on CFRP generates a growing number of valuable information for comprehensive material diagnostic. Both permittivity and conductivity of CFRP influence the complex impedance measured with RF eddy curr ent devices. The electrical conductivity contains information about fiber texture like or ientations, gaps or undulations in a multilayered material. The permittivity characterizati on influenced by dielectric properties allows the determination of local curing defects on CFRP e.g. hot spots, therm al impacts or polymer degradation. An explanation for that effect is seen in the measurement frequency range and the capacitive structure of the carbon rovings. Using radio wave frequencies fo r t ting, the effect of displacement currents cannot be neglected anymore. The capacitive structures formed by the carbon rovings is supposed to further strengthen the dielectric influences on eddy current measurement signal [3]. This report gives an overview of several realized applications and should be und erstoo as a general introduction of CFRP testing by HF Radio Wave techniques.


For the purpose of improving the development of dairy farming industry in Nenjiang county,propelling the county economy development,the main status of the dairy farming industry in Nenjiang county was epitomized.The advantages of the dairy farming industry in Nenjiang county were analyzed from three aspects as geographical advantage,policy advantage and market advantage.With the excellent development environment that Nenjiang county was the commodity grain production base,it proposed some advices for the supporting policies and market guidance of the dairy farming industry development in Nenjiang county based on the modern agriculture realization,farmer ' s income improvement and well-to-do society construction.


The paper compares the physical and thermodynamic properties of R407C and HCFC 22,and developing trend of refrigerants;It clarifies the feasibility of refrigerant R407C which will be used on the vehicle air conditioning,and presents the advantages and problems.


To assist a correct understanding of the nature of the invariance of differential form,we suggest that the relationship between the form and the content should be strengthen in the teaching process,and symbolic expressions should be further elaborate and skillfully used.The aim is to train students' ability of using mathematical experience and intuition actively to solve related problems.


A study was carried out in Old Coronation which is situated in Witbank coalfields (Mpumalanga Province) with the aim of determining ground stability of this area. The area under investigation covers about 290 hectares. Coal mining tends to make a notable impact on the environment in which it is undertaken [1]. The impacts thereof vary in severity depending on whether the mine is working or abandoned, mining methods used, and geological conditions [1]. The sudden collapse of surface material into old mine workings (or 'outcrop sinkhole') is a common occurrence in Old Coronation and the surrounding areas. Mining in this area was decommissioned in 1965. However, spontaneous combustion within the workings area is still evident to this day. Subsidence has had an impact on groundwater whereby recharge into the old mine workings has increased due to ground surface fractures and crownholes [1] acting as extensive flow paths.


The structured block diagonal representation (SBDR) subspace clustering algorithm combines the advantages of the block diagonal representation with the structured sparse subspace clustering. It considers the intrinsic relationship between affinity and segmentation, both of which are iteratively optimized to improve the clustering performance. However, getting a more accurate block diagonal structure requires additional information. In this paper, we design an active learning strategy to obtain pairwise constraints to guide SBDR clustering. The novel algorithm, named active structure learning of block diagonal representation for subspace clustering (ASBDR), is an iterative process involving two steps. First, the active learning strategy selects semi-supervised pairwise constraints. Next, the constrained block diagonal expression is obtained by ASBDR, and the reconstructed affinity matrix is input to the spectral clustering. As the amount of learning increases, better data segmentation is achieved. Experimental results on test image datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


The Bom Jardim de Goias copper deposit is a remarkable example of a deposit formed in a Neoproterozoic juvenile arc in the South American Platform during the assembly of Gondwana. The deposit is inserted in the western margin of the Arenopolis Magmatic Arc, in the Tocantins Province. The host rocks comprise a volcanosedimentary sequence of intermediate to acid composition interpreted as crystal and ash tuffs. The tuffs represent calc-alkaline volcanism of rhyodacitic to dacitic composition, with lithogeochemical and biotite chemistry characteristic of magmas from intra-oceanic arcs. The tuffs are commonly cut by veins and veinlets with no preferential orientation and show e Nd(t) values between +3.5 and +7.4 and T DM model ages ranging from 0.8 to 1.1 Ga, consistent with juvenile magmas generated in magmatic arc settings. Intrusive bodies in the volcanosedimentary sequence are represented by hornblende-biotite monzogranite, interpreted as Serra Negra Granite, and biotite syenogranite defined as Macacos Granite. The granites have geochemical characteristics of type I calc-alkaline granites, generated in a post-collision setting. Tholeiitic basalts intercalated with tuffs, interpreted as flows, show geochemical affinity with volcanic arc basalts, whereas the dikes that crosscut the granites have compositions characteristic of intra-plate tholeiitic basalts. The petrological data of the host and country rocks of the Bom Jardim de Goias area reveal an important production of calc-alkaline magma in a magmatic arc setting in western Goias around 750 Ma, genetically related to copper mineralization, and the generation of a non-mineralized post-collisional magmatism at 540 Ma.


The invention relates to a distribution system whose head comprises a fixed pin (7) around which is disposed a tip (17) forming therebetween a path (18) of distribution, said needle having a distal wall (22) having a pin (23) and said tip being made of a rigid material having an outer wall (20) and an inner wall (19), an orifice (21) of distribution formed in said outer wall being arranged to receive said stud forming between inner (19) and distal (22) an interface (24) of distribution, said head comprising a reversible actuator the displacement of said tip, said system comprising an annular seal (34) sealing material which is made more flexible than the tip (17), said seal delimiting in the interface (24) retracted an upstream portion (24a) and a downstream portion (24b), the material forming the tip (17) having, at least at level a portion of the outer walls (20) and inner (19), antimicrobial properties to the product to be dispensed.


The wastewater collection profession is experiencing rapid change. As new technologies, operating procedures, and workarounds are introduced, collection agencies are facing increasingly stringent environmental regulations, aging infrastructure, a changing workforce, heightened exposure in social media, climate change, and scrutiny from customers, requiring that industry 'best practices' continually evolve. How does our profession become aware of, evaluate, and implement changes to existing practices? How do these changes impact the workforce and workplace, and how do workforces and workplaces influence changes that are made? When should new business practices and technology advancements become generally accepted? These are all important questions to be considered, especially when evaluating the applicability of best practices, adopting new technology, standardizing procedures, and providing industry-wide training. One of the most highly regarded water and wastewater operator training programs in the United States has been working hard to ensure that wastewater collection systems 'best practices' are up-to-date, relevant, and appropriate. First published in 1975, and with nearly 90,000 copies in print and used by over 25,000 operators and managers in accredited training programs, the OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEMS, Volumes 1 and 2, have undergone several complete revisions throughout the years. Under the auspices and supervision of the Office of Water Programs, California State University, Sacramento (CSUS), a team of dedicated industry veterans has been using a painstakingly thorough approach to keep its operators and manager training manuals current. While Volume 1 was being distributed in its Sixth Edition at the time of this writing and Volume 2 was distributed in its Seventh Edition, this paper describes a 'behind-the-scene' look at the often-mysterious process used to create the new addition of Volume 1. Due for release in 2015, with principal work complete, this paper provides a glimpse in how best practices are created, identified, and documented for the wastewater collection industry.


Disease is one of the main threats to the remaining great ape populations of the world. The decision to intervene in the health of the great apes for population sustainability is controversial. Humans' increasing negative influence on great ape health has mandated the reevaluation of current management policies. The Mountain Gorilla Veterinary Project (MGVP) has been making health intervention decisions since 1986. The decision to intervene has often been made subjectively due to poorly defined criteria that are often influenced by emotion. This paper provides a consistent framework for evidence‐based health intervention decision‐making. The decision tree is a five‐tier process consisting of routine sentinel health observation, intensive follow‐up veterinary health observation, outbreak assessment, risk assessment, and risk management. Although this paper focuses on the mountain gorillas, it serves as a basis for evidence‐based decision‐making in other species. Am. J. Primatol. 68:909–927, 2006.© 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The present article deals with the problem of the diachronic aspect of language contacts that had taken in Europe in the 1 st millennium BC and the 1 st millennium of our Era. The main acting forces here are ancient Germanic and Turkic tribes. All types of linguistic contacts are important material for determining the causes, processes and tendencies in the social and ethnic diversity or the formation and development of ethnicities or languages. As the material for the investigation we used the interpretations of ancient Scandinavian manuscripts, we could find some information about the earliest history of Germanic speaking tribes. This problem turned out to be very interesting due to the emergence of new facts concerning the History and ethnonyms of Germanic, and Turkic tribes and ethnic groups.


This paper presents the results of a baseline study of settlements built on water (kampung air) along the coast and rivers of Borneo. Using remote sensing data we measured the extent of water villages and estimated their number of households and inhabitants. We estimate that water villages cover an area of approximately 25 sq. km, housing 215,000 inhabitants. Though water villages are closely routed in Malay customs and traditions, it appears that other communities have also moved in, making use of relatively cheap accommodation. Further research is advocated, especially in view of the fact that climate change and sea level rise will reduce land areas suitable for housing construction.


This paper attempted to explain the connotations of country park and put forward the practical significance of the country park construction,analysed the major practical problems of the current construction.On this basis,it put forward the strategy of development of sustainable country park.


Kaunas University of Technology Department of Textile Technology Studentu 56, LT-51424 Kaunas, Lithuania E-mail: email@example.com Abstract Investigations of the influence of knitted fabric structure on garment flammability, i.e. the number of yarns in a loop and comparison of the results with those of a multilayer packet are presented in this paper. The investigations were carried out using knits from Nomex Delta TA 18 tex × 2 yarns. Single yarn as well as folded yarns from two, three and four single yarns were used in the investigations. The investigations show that using the number of yarns in the loop, it is possible to increase the burning time of the knit more than using the same number of knits in the packet. Such a kind of knit is proposed for garments which do not need low rigidity and/or high air permeability.