The increasing ubiquity of the Internet in the everyday lives of youth has been accompanied by a whole new set of anxieties and concerns. While many have worried about how the Internet increases youth access to problematic content—including pornographic and violent content—little consideration has been paid to youthgenerated problematic content. This article examines one genre of youth-generated problematic content: that which advocates self-harm practices. Countless websites and online communities are devoted to the topic of deliberate self-harm, ranging from online therapy and support groups to ―pro-anorexia‖ and ―pro-cutting‖ websites, and much of † This article was produced as part of the Youth and Media Policy Working Group at Harvard University's Berkman Center for Internet and Society. The authors appreciate the generous support of the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation for making this project possible. The authors would like to thank James Grimmelmann and Kate Crawford for their critical feedback. * danah boyd is a Researcher at Microsoft Research and a Research Associate at Harvard University's Berkman Center for Internet and Society. She co-directed the Internet Safety Technical Task Force and co-directs the Youth and Media Policy Working Group Initiative. danah boyd, http://www.danah.org (last visited Oct. 22, 2010). ** Jenny Ryan is a Ph.D. student in Communication at the University of California, San Diego. Jenny Ryan, http://www.jennyryan.net (last visited Oct. 22, 2010). *** Alex Leavitt is a Research Assistant at Microsoft Research and a Researcher at the Convergence Culture Consortium (Comparative Media Studies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology). Alex Leavitt, http://www.alexleavitt.com (last visited Oct. 22, 2010). I/S: A JOURNAL OF LAW AND POLICY FOR THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 2 I/S: A JOURNAL OF LAW AND POLICY [Vol. 7:1 the content on these websites is produced by and for youth. This paper seeks to provide an overview of what is known about the spectrum of self-harm practices and how technology inflects these practices in new ways. We begin with a brief introductory section detailing a working definition of self-harm based on the most recent published literature, outline the general prevalence and demographics, and note the correlations between self-harm practices, eating disorders, and the media. The latter half of this article summarizes various approaches to handling online self-harm content, ranging from censoring content (through Internet Service Provider (ISP) policies and governmental regulations) to providing support for those struggling with the underlying issues associated with deliberate self-harm (e.g., media literacy programs, online support groups, and grassroots social movements and campaigns). Given that censorship of such content often results in pushing it further underground, we recommend solutions that address the underlying sociocultural forces that motivate youth to engage in self-harm practices, and call for further research into these phenomena.


A hierarchical approach to forest planning is formulated, where harvest schedules are first determined, followed by a decision about harvest methods. Choice of harvest methods is particularly important because of concerns about harvest–related soil disturbance. In the decision model developed in this paper determination of a harvest system regime is expressed as a multiple–objective decision incorporating maximization of net present value and minimization of cumulative soil disturbance for different site classes, subject to maintaining high levels of production, an even flow of timber, and avoiding green–up violations. The search for preferred harvest system regimes is performed over a set of non–dominated harvest schedules, with alternative weights placed on the objectives to reflect values of different stakeholders. Based on an application of the model to the Tangier River watershed in south–eastern British Columbia, we conclude that a regulatory approach that restricts the choice of harvest systems is inferior (in terms of both economic and environmental objectives) to one that prescribes performance standards with respect to soil protection without restricting the choice of harvest methods available to the manager.


A comparison was made of the heat transfer characteristics of three air cooled vanes. The vanes incorporated cooling schemes such as impingement cooling, film cooling, and convection cooling with and without extended surfaces. A redesign study was made for two vanes to improve the cooling effectiveness. An average impingement heat transfer coefficient was calculated on the bases of experimentally determined temperatures at the leading edge and a one dimensional heat transfer calculation. This heat transfer coefficient was compared with existing impingement heat transfer correlations.


The two-phase flow of solid rocket motor and exhaust plume was numerically simulated by using discrete particle model.Flow field parameters distribution of gaseous ingredients and Al_2O_3 particles were acquired.Spectral radiance of two dimension axial symmetry plume was computed through the development of infrared radiation model of solid rocket exhaust plume,and comparison with that in document.The study shows that the radiation of particles plays dominant role in the infrared radiation of exhaust plume,and the gaseous radiation is more notable at 4.3μm with the decrease of particle size.The quicker the velocity of burning surface particle is,the weaker the radiation is.The larger particle size is,the stronger the radiation is.The model and means are feasible.


A compact helical explosively-driven magnetic flux compression generator (MFCG) using rechargeable battery as initial energy source has two stages, one acts as an energy amplifier, the other serves as a pulse sharper to match high inductance load. The initial energy source inciludes a capacitor of 220 μF charged with 6 kV,a rechargeable battery and a high voltage converter. It takes about 5 minutes to charge the battey with 6 kV before the MFCG running, and the voltage of the bettery is still larger than 11 V after five times. The results shows that this compact initial energy source system can stably offer larger initial energy, and the cascaded MFCG which is small and light can offer 120 kA current with a risetime of 15 μs to a large inductance load which is 4 μH.


Reduce the influence of etching damage at junction edge of the magnetoresistive film in the sensor height direction, in addition to reducing the dielectric between the upper magnetic shield layer and lower magnetic shield layer and the breakdown voltage damage from the regeneration process of the shield instability of performance, and the CPP magnetoresistive head is kept small capacitance value. The length of the sensor height direction of the length in the height direction in the bottom surface of the magnetoresistive head of the present invention, the pinning layer 13 is longer than the bottom surface of the sensor 14 of the first ferromagnetic layer, the pinned layer 13 in the height direction of the sensor with respect to the edge surface of the bottom surface extending from the perspective of the magnetoresistive film is smaller than the angle formed by the sensor height direction of the second ferromagnetic layer 16 formed on the edge of the surface relative to the bottom surface of the magnetoresistive film extending, and height refill film 18 of the top surface of the sensor height direction is equal to or higher than the top surface of the magnetoresistive film.


George Bealer argues that intuitions are not only reliable indicators of truth, they are necessary to the philosophical endeavor. Specifically, he thinks that intuitions are essential sources of evidence for epistemic justification. I argue that Bealer's defense of intuitions either (1) is insufficient to show that actual human beings are in a position to use intuitions for epistemic justification, or (2) begs the question. The growing empirical data about our intuitions support the view that humans are not creatures appropriately positioned to use intuitions for epistemic justification in the way Bealer suggests. Without the appropriate empirical evidence that humans are beings so positioned, his view begs the question against those who think that intuitions are not reliable guides to truth.


This paper discussed the application of different precision DEM generation nesting terrain,and resolved the border between the LOD terrain seamless connectivity problems through the sharing of public.At the same time it also studied the different thematic maps of dynamic switching method in 3D virtual environment through texture replacement.


In the paper we concentrate on lower, almost-lower and semi-lower density operators on measurable spaces. The existence of maximal element in the families of such operators is investigated. Moreover, we consider topologies generated by the above operators. Among others the existence of the greatest of such topologies (with respect to the inclusion) is studied.


A strong orientation of a graph $G$ is an assignment of a direction to each edge such that $G$ is strongly connected. The oriented diameter of $G$ is the smallest diameter among all strong orientations of $G$. A block of $G$ is a maximal connected subgraph of $G$ that has no cut vertex. A block graph is a graph in which every block is a clique. We show that every bridgeless graph of order $n$ containing $p$ blocks has an oriented diameter of at most $n-\lfloor \frac{p}{2} \rfloor$. This bound is sharp for all $n$ and $p$ with $p \geq 2$. As a corollary, we obtain a sharp upper bound on the oriented diameter in terms of order and number of cut vertices. We also show that the oriented diameter of a bridgeless block graph of order $n$ is bounded above by $\lfloor \frac{3n}{4} \rfloor$ if $n$ is even and $\lfloor \frac{3(n+1)}{4} \rfloor$ if $n$ is odd.


The pyrolysis of the amorphous copolyester poly(ethylene glycol-co-cyclohexane 1,4-dimethanol terephthalate) (PETG) was investigated. The applied technique was thermogravimetry/differential scanning calorimetry/mass spectrometry analysis. The pyrolysis products of PETG were ascertained. The results showed that the PETG mass loss was 90.36% from room temperature to 650°C, its thermal decomposition was mainly completed in one step at 425.2°C, and the aliphatic backbone of PETG played a dominant role in controlling the behavior of the pyrolysis. The pyrolysis mechanism was also examined. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2793–2797, 2006


We evaluated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of specific immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene rearrangements as a means of demonstrating monoclonality during follow‐up of conservatively treated gastric MALT lymphoma, and compared the reproducibility of PCR on sequential frozen and paraffin‐embedded endoscopic biopsies. We established an association between clonality detected by PCR and the histological observations.


Submitted for the DFD06 Meeting of The American Physical Society Stability of MHD channel flow with spanwise magnetic field THOMAS BOECK, DMITRY KRASNOV, Mech. Eng., TU Ilmenau, Germany, MAURICE ROSSI, LMM, Univ. Paris VI, France , OLEG ZIKANOV, Mech. Eng., U Michigan, Dearborn — We study the effect of a homogeneous magnetic field on the subcritial instability and transition to turbulence in plane Poiseuille flow of an electrically conducting fluid. The field is oriented in the spanwise direction. The transition to turbulence depends on the transient growth of non-modal linear perturbations, which are characterized by their streamand spanwise wavenumbers. In the non-magnetic case, the most amplified perturbations are purely streamwise rolls. As the Lorentz force tends to suppress motion in the spanwise direction, the most amplified perturbations change from streamwise rolls to oblique rolls as the magnetic field increases. For sufficiently strong fields, motion in the spanwise direction is strongly damped and only the two-dimensional Tollmien-Schlichting waves aligned with the magnetic field provide transient amplification. The consequences of this damping effect on the transition to turbulence are studied through direct simulations. TB and DK are supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant Bo 1668/2-2), and OZ by the Dept. of Energy (grant DE FG02 03ER46062). The cooperation between TU Ilmenau and UM Dearborn is supported by DAAD and NSF (grant OISE 0338713). Thomas Boeck Mech. Eng., TU Ilmenau Date submitted: 02 Aug 2006 Electronic form version 1.4


In an intensely competitive, rapidly evolving, and increasingly knowledge-based high-tech sector, the ability to learn is critical to the success of multinational organizations. It is now clear that building and maintaining a firm's human capital through organizational learning represents the only sustainable source of competitive advantage. Barney (1991), for example, illustrates that the strategic resources which underpin the success of business enterprises include an organization's physical, human, and organizational capital. Physical capital includes plant and equipment, geographic location, and access to raw materials. Human capital includes the training, experience, judgment, intelligence, relationships, and insights of managers and workers. Organizational capital includes firm structure and processes, internal and external relations, both formal and informal. It is clear, however, that human capital lies at the foundation of both physical and organizational capital (Nordhaug, 1994). This chapter argues that human capital can be enhanced through the application of IT (as physical capital) ABsTRACT


The lymphatic drainage of the ileocecal region was studied on 40 fetus and infant cadavers through the method of lymphatic injection. The lymphatics of the terminal part of the ileum in most cases ascend to the ileo- colic nodes.Part of these lymphatics lead to the nodes around the cecal or the ileal branches of the ileocolic artery.There is a single case,in which part of these lymphatics end directly in the superior mesenteric nodes. The lymphatics of the appendix mostly run parallel to the appendicular artery and lead to the ileocolic nodes.In some cases 1—2 lymphatics end in the appendicular nodes, and the nodes along the cecal or the ileal branches of the ileocolic artery. The lymphatics of the cecum mostly open into the anterior cecal nodes.Part of these lymphatics end in the ileocolic nodes.It is only in a few cases that 1—2 lymphatics of the cecum run to the posterior cecal nodes or the nodes situated at the cecal branches of the ileocolic artery.


A full decade has passed since Frederic Wakeman, Jr., published his influential "Rebellion and Revolution: The Study of Popular Movements in Chinese History" (1977). He opened his article with the observation, "During the past twenty-five years, hundreds of studies of Chinese peasant rebellions have appeared in print." He added that most of these studies had been published in the People's Republic, but in his bibliography he listed dozens of entries by Western scholars on the topic. Significantly, while noting that Western studies of peasant resistance in China "drew upon Chinese scholarship to write histories of their own," Wakeman emphasized that Western historians were divided on the issue of whether the "Maoist depiction of Chinese history as perennial class struggle" was accurate. He summed up the controversy in these words: Was an immiserated peasantry ruthlessly exploited by a venal landlord class through the sweep of pre-modern Chinese history? Or would it be more accurate to say that, while the population suffered in times of epidemic or famine, there were long periods of plenty when relatively affluent farmers benefited from rising agricultural prices, and negotiated rental contracts to their own liking with accommodating landlords? (Wakeman 1977:202)


The spectra of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are often characterized by a wealth of emission lines with different profiles and intensity ratios that led to a complicated classification. Their electro-magnetic radiation spans more than 10 orders of magnitude in frequency. In spite of the differences between various classes, the origin of their activity is attributed to a combination of emitting components, surrounding an accreting Super Massive Black Hole, in the so called Unified Model. Currently, the execution of sky surveys, with instruments operating at various frequencies, provides the possibility to detect and to investigate the properties of AGNs on very large statistical samples. Thanks to the spectroscopic surveys that allow investigation of many objects, we have the opportunity to place new constraints on the nature and evolution of AGNs. In this contribution we present the results obtained by working on multi-frequency data and we discuss their relations with the available optical spectra. We compare our findings with the AGN Unified Model predictions, and we present a revised technique to select AGNs of different types from other line emitting objects. We discuss the multi-frequency properties in terms of the innermost structures of the sources.


Groundwater is a vital and indispensable natural resource. The available surface water sources cannot fulfill the needs of an entire city owing to growing population and rapid urbanization. Thus groundwater is the only source in many areas while a necessary supplement in some areas. Therefore it is important to monitor groundwater quality. Objective of this study is to assess impact of Urban Agglomeration on ground water quality in the fast developing areas surrounding Tirupati Municipal limits. Physico-chemical tests were conducted on groundwater samples collected from eight gram panchayaths. Variations in the concentrations of different groundwater parameters were studied over a period of two years. Results showed all parameters to be within the maximum permissible limits except for high values of calcium and magnesium. But excessive calcium and magnesium contents do not have any adverse effects on the human health except as mild laxative and change the taste of water. The water is safe for consumption. Results also indicate strong correlation between total dissolved solids, alkalinity, total hardness and chlorides content in groundwater in the study area. These characteristics of groundwater are attributed by carbonates, bicarbonates, hydroxides and chlorides of calcium and magnesium.


A novel protein domain has been identified that is shared between putative plant Ran GTPase-activating protein (RanGAP) and a plant protein (MAF1) previously identified to be associated with the nuclear envelope. This domain is not present in RanGAPs from animals and yeast, suggesting that plant-


Early evidence suggests human assumed central sensitization (HACS) is present in some people with acute low back pain (LBP). Factors influencing individual variation in HACS during acute LBP have not been fully explored. We aimed to examine the evidence for HACS in acute LBP and the contribution of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), clinical, psychological and demographic factors to HACS.


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to find the meaningful relationship between the economic impact of the natural disaster and economic condition. Design/methodology/approach - The paper employed cross-sectional analysis to investigate the relationship between economic condition namely, gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc); gross domestic product per capita squared (GDPpc Findings - Results clearly indicate that there seems to be meaningful relationship between the economic impact of natural disasters and economic conditions. Practical implications - The paper provides some evidence on the important role of economic condition in minimizing the impact of natural disasters. Originality/value - The paper incorporates a comprehensive list of explanatory variables in accounting for natural disaster fatalities.


The Barcoo Independent newspaper is an example of an Australian rural newspaper which provided images of women in a variety of ordinary roles and as important members of the community. It is happened so because large number of female reporters involved in the writing of news stories for the editions.


There are difficulties in assessing oil pollution damages from ships,and this can be solved by the system of assessment of damages.From the perspective of comparative law,and in conjunction with the existing system and the relevant legislation,judicial practice in China,the issue of how to apply assessment of damages to oil pollution from ships in the damage compensation lawsuit is discussed.The system is of dual nature,i.e.attenuation of proof standard and discretion.Quantity and quality of oil from ship,polluted waters range and degree of pollution,causation between the accident and damage,and solvency of responsible person etc should be considered.In order to make the damages objective and reasonable,it is necessary to constraint the trial court's behavior,and to protect the procedural interests of the litigants.


Geomorphic evidence for active tectonics in the Longmen Mountain at the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau has been studied in this paper.We have surveyed some typical geomorphic markers in Wenchuan-Maowen Fault,Beichuan Fault,Pengguan Fault,and Dayi Fault,including terrace offsets,scarps,fault-controlled saddles,dextral shutter ridges,dextral channel offsets,grabens,shatter belts, and pull-apart basins.Electron spin resonance(ESR) ages and thermoluminescence(TL) ages using silty sand taken from below the surface of sediments have been obtained.According to these data,we calculated the rate of thrusting and strike-slipping,and the results indicate that the Cenozoic tectonic shortening at the margin of the Tibetan Plateau is minor with the rate of thrusting smaller than 1.1mm/a and the rate of strike-slipping smaller than 1.46mm/a,and the Longmen Mountain is a zone of NNE-directed dextral shear with extensive strike-slip faulting and secondary thrusting with slip-dip ratio of 6(∶)1~1.3(∶)1.From NW to SE,the thrust component becomes smaller,but strike-slip component becomes bigger.However,this does not explain the presence of the abrupt topographic escarpment at the margin in the absence of major shortening.We thus infer that some escarpment reliefs are due to the effects of erosional unloading and strike-slipping.Based on comparison of sedimentary evidence,tectonic evidence,geomorphic evidence and paleomagnetism between the Cenozoic and Mesozoic,we believe that the direction of strike-slip faulting has been rewersed from SSW-directed sinistral strike-slip in Mesozoic to NNE-directed dextral strike-slip in the Cenozoic.


Abstract Over the last years, thin layer chromatography (TLC) has become an increasingly important tool in the analysis of natural compounds, being used not only as a simple method of separation, identification, and quantitative determination of natural constituents, but also as a method for evaluating the potential applications of the separated compounds, different bioassays being compatible with TLC. This is due to the TLC advantages, of which could be mentioned: the possibility to simply, quickly, and flexibly analyze many samples in parallel, without the need for special steps of sample purification, obtaining visual results, and the possibility of multiple detections, all of these being achieved at very low costs. Considering these, the aim of this study is to give an overview on the application of TLC in evaluation of different biological activities of natural compounds, focusing on antioxidant, enzymatic, antimicrobial, and hormonal activities. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


The existing non-ductile RC structures built prior to the 1960s–1970s were mainly conceived to carry only vertical loads. As a result, the columns of these structures demonstrate poor overall hysteresis behavior during strong earthquakes, dominated by brittle shear or/and premature excessive slipping of the inadequately lap-spliced reinforcement. In the present study, the effectiveness of two different strengthening systems (including either the wrapping of the columns by carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer textile or the use of thin high-strength reinforced concrete jackets), was experimentally and analytically investigated. The main variables examined were the strengthening material, the length of the lap splices and the amount of confinement provided by the jackets. Three cantilever column specimens were constructed without incorporating modern design code requirements for preserving seismic safety and structural integrity. Subsequently, the specimens were strengthened and subjected to earthquake-type loading. Their hysteresis performances were compared, while also evaluated with respect to the response of two similar original specimens and the behavior of a control one with continuous reinforcement, tested in a previous study. The predictions of the proposed analytical formulation for the hysteresis behavior of the strengthened specimens were satisfactorily verified by the experimental results.


BACKGROUND
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are an important tool for evaluating outcomes following breast device procedures, and are used by breast device registries. PROMs can assist with device monitoring through benchmarked outcomes, but need to account for demographic and clinical factors which may affect PROMs responses.

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to develop appropriate risk-adjustment models for the benchmarking of PROMs data to accurately track device outcomes and identify outliers in an equitable manner.

METHODS
Data for this study were obtained from the Australian Breast Device Registry, which consists of a large prospective cohort of patients with primary breast implants. The five-question BREAST-Q implant surveillance module was used to assess PROMs at one-year following implant insertion. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between demographic and clinical characteristics and PROMs separately by implant indication. Final multivariate risk-adjustment models were built sequentially assessing the independent significant association of these variables.

RESULTS
2,221 reconstructive and 12,045 aesthetic primary breast implants with complete one-year follow-up PROMs were included in the study. Indication for operation (post-cancer, risk-reduction, developmental deformity) was included in the final model for all reconstructive implant PROMs. Site type (private or public hospital) was included in the final breast reconstruction model for look, rippling and tightness. Age at operation was included in the reconstruction models for rippling and tightness and in the aesthetic models for look, rippling, pain and tightness.

CONCLUSIONS
These multivariate models will be useful for equitable benchmarking of breast devices by PROMs to help track device performance.


Money change is a common matter involving greedy algorithm principle in our daily lives. Greedy algorithm in one that solves problems step by step. Every step fakes the best option without considering future consequence ("take what you can get now!" principle), expecting that by choosing local optimum in every step will result in global optimum. Simulation and visualization of education game of money change is the implementation of greedy algorithm in coin change. The implementation is in the form of web based simulation and simulation in the framework of algorithm design and analysis course.
Keywords: algorithm, game, greedy, simulation, visualization


1) In spite of the fact that the mortality of pulmonary resection for bronchogenic carcinoma is now less than 10 per cent, the salvage of patients having this disease is still disappointingly low. Earlier diagnosis is our only means of improving this salvage. 2) In our experience there is a five months' delay between the onset of symptoms and the time the patient presents himself to the physician and a further delay of six months between the visit to the physician and a correct diagnosis. 3) The delay in correct diagnosis is usually due to the making of an incorrect diagnosis. Virus pneumonia and unresolved pneumonia are two diagnoses that are frequently made in patients having this disease. 4) The early bronchogenic carcinoma represents only a change in the bronchial mucosa which obstructs the bronchus. Signs or symptoms of bronchial obstruction should be regarded with suspicion. A localized wheeze and the finding of a region of localized emphysema on the x-ray film are the earliest symptom and sign of bronchogenic carcinoma. Cough is the most common symptom complained of by the patient. In evaluating this symptom the change in the cough history from a hacking cough to paroxysmal type of coughing is the most important factor. 5) X-ray Inspection of the chest is the most valuable diagnostic method in the detection of this disease. Mass radiography Is bringing to light many early lesions in the asymptomatic stage. Mass radiography, however, unless repeated often cannot be the answer to early diagnosis. 6) Bronchoscopy is an excellent diagnostic procedure but when negative does not rule out bronchogenic carcinoma. The examination for neoplastic cells in material coughed up or obtained at bronchoscopy has made it possible to make many more early diagnoses. 7) Exploratory thoracotomy may often be necessary in order to diagnose early bronchogenic carcinoma. Exploratory thoracotomy is safe and should be recommended when there is sufficient evidence to suspect early neoplasm. 8) In our patients it was found that approximately 40 per cent were inoperable at the time they first visited the physician. This disappointing fact is one reason why the salvage rate in this disease is still low. 9) Continued vigilance on the part of the general practitioner and insistence upon accurate diagnoses of lesions appearing within the lung will bring many more patients having bronchogenic carcinoma to the thoracic surgeon at a stage where the lesion can be completely removed.


A room temperature phosphating solution with out harmful substances such as NO 2 -、NO 3 -、ClO 3 -、Ni 2+ and Mn 2+ etc was composed of Zn (H 2PO 4) 2 as main component, TEA, CIT etc as organic complexing agents and several nontoxic high quality promoters such as molybdateetc Experimental results showed that, using this phosphating solution, the phosphating coating on steel was fine and had good corrosion resistance Its performance was stable for long time use and pollution was low The substances were easy to get and the cost was low So it is worthy to be applied and disseminated


Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has shaken the world community and disturbed all aspects of human life, for this reason our efforts need to be carried out as an effort to prevent and overcome this pandemic so that it will pass quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to implement health and compliance protocols in the community. Objectives: The aim of this research is to determine the implementation of COVID 19 prevention protocols and community compliance with covid-19 events in  Public Health CenterMethods:  This research was conducted using regression analysis, correlation and factor analysis. The subjects in this research activity are people who need services at the Puskesmas according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The object under study is the community's compliance with the Covid-19 prevention protocol implemented in Tangerang City. A sample of 150 people from 6 Puskesmas in the Tangerang City area in October-November 2020. The main instrument is a questionnaire which is carried out through a blended system approach where research is carried out directly and indirectly in the field, raw data is processed with the help of SPSS and AMOS.Results: it can be seen that the implementation of the health protocol in the Public Health Center in the Tangerang city area has been running quite well  about 58.7%, but the level of compliance of the people of the city of Tangerang is still relatively low about 59.3%, however the incidence rate of Covid-19 in Public Health Center in the city of Tangerang is relatively low namely 70.7%.  Conclusions: With the knowledge of the above, it is hoped that the local government and other stakeholders can find out and make the basis of facts in making decisions for further handling in order to accelerate the completion of the Covid-19 pandemic.


Conceiving planning theory as a kind of practical reason shifts attention from making rational arguments justifying planning beliefs to the study of plan-making as a feature of practical reasoning. Adopting this viewpoint allows for the comparison of what rational planning theory keeps apart: theories about plan-making that focus on the representation of urban development (e.g. Lew Hopkins) and theories that study the intentional features of deliberative planning processes (e.g. Judith Innes). Analysis demonstrates that the seemingly incompatible viewpoints can offer complementary insights about plan-making without diminishing or distorting important differences. There need be no epistemic or theoretical gap separating the representation and intention of plan-making; no big difference between substance and process. The differences are practical.


In this paper a new video stabilization technique is proposed based on the Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT). HHT is a Decomposes the video into Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). The proposed video stabilizer deals with vertical or horizontal displacements meaning that translational motions are corrected. First, LMVs from a certain image region of the sequence are defined by applying a motion estimation algorithm. Second, the resulting signal is separated into a finite number of IMFs through the process of EMD. The proposed HHTbased DIS method can be beneficial in a variety of applications including handheld cameras and mobile phones as a post-processing method, as well as for stabilizing image sequences acquired from cameras mounted on vehicles.


Stability robustness computations for polynomials with coefficients which are affine functions of perturbations are presented. In the case when the perturbation is of a delay type, a necessary and sufficient condition for use in stability testing independent of delay is given. The authors then discuss whether a given polynomial of this kind is stable (all roots are in the open left half plane) without delays. As an application, the formula derived for polynomials can be used to calculate the delay margin for a control system since the calculation of delay margin in control theory can be converted to the calculation of the stability margins of polynomials as defined in the paper. Based on a similar idea, it is possible to calculate gain and phase margins as well as a combined gain and phase margin. Therefore, the proposed approach provides a unified way of calculating gain and/or phase and delay stability margins.<<ETX>>


The clinical report of a sarcoma in a child of 3 years, contributed toThe Journal, March 3, 1906, by Dr. Spearman, of Whiting, Iowa, recalls a still more youthful case under my care at the Oncologic Hospital last summer. In this case the growth was strictly congenital, having been noticed at birth. Patient. —Helen K., aged 6 weeks, was admitted to the hospital from Tyrone, Pa., July 3, 1905. History. —Her parents were healthy and there was no history of malignant disease in the family. At birth a tumor the size of the tip of the little finger projected from the edge of the right upper eyelid. Two days after birth the tumor was removed by the attending physician, but recurrence immediately took place, and when the baby was admitted to the hospital six weeks after birth a tumor the size of a golf ball projected from the orbit,


The Sanshandao Au deposit is located in the famous Sanshandao metallogenic belt, Jiaodong area. To date, accumulative Au resources of 1000 t have been identified from the belt. Sanshandao is a world‐class gold deposit with Au mineralization hosted in Early Cretaceous Guojialing‐type granites. Thus, studies on the genesis and ore‐forming element sources of the Sanshandao Au deposit are crucial. He and Ar isotopic analyses of fluid inclusions from pyrite (the carrier of Au) indicate that the fluid inclusions have 3He/4He=0.043–0.21 Ra with an average of 0.096 Ra and 40Ar/36Ar=488–664 with an average of 570.8. These values represent the initial He and Ar isotopic compositions of ore‐forming fluids for trapped fluid inclusions. The comparison of H–O isotopic characteristics combined with deposit geology and wall rock alteration reveals that the ore‐forming fluids of the Sanshandao Au deposit show mixed crust–mantle origin characteristics, and they mainly comprise crust‐derived fluid mixed with minor mantle‐derived fluid and meteoric water during the uprising process. The ore‐forming elements were generally sourced from pre‐Cambrian meta‐basement rocks formed by Mesozoic reactivation and mixed with minor shallow crustal and mantle components.


The invention relates to novel phenyl-substituted pyrazolopyrimidines, processes for their preparation and their use for producing medicaments for improving perception, concentration, learning and / or memory.


In this article, a method on suppressing cross‐band scattering effect of dual‐band dual‐polarized shared‐aperture antenna is proposed. The antenna consists of a lower‐band (LB) element and a 2 × 2 higher‐band (HB) array. The proposed LB element radiator is a pair of crisscross‐shaped dipoles using sparse frequency selective surface (SFSS) which is composed of a rectangular ring and a rectangular inner patch. This LB element exhibits wave‐transparent reducing blockage and interference for HB array and achieving reduction the radiation pattern distorting from cross‐band scattering. The experimental results demonstrate that the cross‐band scattering effect is suppressed. Compared to the HB array alone, the radiation patterns of the HB antenna with the proposed LB element are restored. The proposed dual‐band dual‐polarized shared‐aperture antenna can meet the requirement of base station application for 2G/3G/4G/5G.


In the course of a study which the writers are making of the life histories and habits of the red-humped apple caterpillar ( Schizura concinna ) and the yellow-necked caterpillar ( Datana ministra ), the junior author noted that while handling the caterpillars of the former species, especially when they were pinched with forceps, a considerable amount of moisture would suddenly appear in an area about the body of the larva as it lay in the hand or rested upon the table. Curiosity as to the source of the moisture was aroused and the following experiments were made by the writers to determine its origin, nature, and method of dispersion.


The invention discloses a method and device for determining the current-carrying capacity of a cable. The method comprises the following steps of: measuring the skin temperature of the cable and the environmental temperature at a preset distance away from the cable; according to the skin temperature and the environmental temperature, determining the current-carrying capacity of the cable. According to the scheme of the invention, through measuring the skin temperature of the cable and the environmental temperature at a preset distance away from the cable, and based on the measured skin temperature and the environmental temperature, the current-carrying capacity of the cable is determined, and the current-carrying capacity of the cable is estimated through fully considering the surrounding environment temperature of the cable, therefore, the error influence of environment changes on the current-carrying capacity of the cable is avoided, so that the obtained current-carrying capacity of the cable is smaller in error and more accurate.


Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis (OP) are common in aging. Osteoporosis in women with T2DM has received wide attention,while male T2DM patients with life expectancy,there are also bone metabolism abnormalities or complications such as osteoporosis. without timely treatment,consequences are as serious as women. Therefore,this review is mean to illustrate a recent research progress of male T2DM patients' BMD,and the changes of insulin,testosterone, bone turnover markers and the effects of antidiabetic drugs on bone metabolism in T2DM.


The kuso (shitty games) aesthetic draws from and complicates notions of camp and antifandom to provide a way to understand the emotional appeal of bad content.


The study aims to determine the level of social responsibility among the youth and examine the impact of social responsibility on their well-being and societal development. It also looks at how social responsibility can be nurtured among the youth and how it can be used as a tool for personal growth and community development. In recent times, social responsibility has emerged as a primary concern for organizations and individuals alike. Social responsibility refers to the ethical obligations that individuals or organizations have towards society. Today's youth is well aware of their social responsibility towards society, and they are taking up initiatives to make positive changes. This research paper aims to explore the impact of social responsibility in today's youth. This research paper will also investigate the importance of social responsibility and why it is essential to inculcate it in today's youth.


Organic cells and dye-sensitized cells developed to-date have a narrow active absorption range, relative to the spectral range of the available solar resource. Their efficiency could be significantly enhanced through a process of down-shifting (DS) and up-conversion of non-absorbable photons converting them to photons better matching the spectral response of the particular solar cell. The DS molecules must exhibit a large Stokes shift and high luminescent quantum yield when incorporated in the downshifting polymer layer. In this paper, the QY of a downshifting Europium (III) complex in solution is determined using two distinct experimental techniques. The QY is measured for varying concentration and at varying excitation wavelength.


Hydrazinyl purine derivatives react with acetonyl acetone in presence of glacial acetic acid in alcohol form respective pyrrole derivatives. Hydrazinyl purine derivatives react with acetyl acetone in presence of catalytic amount of hydro chloric acid in water form respective pyrazole derivatives. The structures of these compounds have been established by H NMR studies, IR studies and Mass data. This docking study explores the anti-mitotic activities of pyrrole and pyrazole derivatives of purine. The result from the docking study showed that pyrazole derivatives had excellent anti-mitotic activity that was comparable to the activity of abacavir.


Chapter 5 brings Kierkegaard's contrast of a joyful and dismal economics of thinking into contact with the writers of the Parisian bohème, and with Murger most of all. The transfiguration of the commonplace is now a constant reckoning with the marketplace. The common sign, often carved with a knife of prejudice, becomes a shared contribution to a philosophical furniture art and to a modern discourse on property as theft, where the deepest theft is of a person's selfhood. An existential thesis dominates, whereby, through unresolved patterns and paradoxes about artworks and thoughts, artists and philosophers constantly turn back to how they are living their lives. The patterning turns borrowed materials into thoughts owned, into a property for the self. Once owned, how are the thoughts expressed to render them public for others, if keeping thoughts to oneself cannot be the answer for the one who chooses to be a writer? How does talk about owning one's self become a claim of one's liberation from an external possession experienced as a servitude, and with what social and artistic results?


We investigate the in-plane transport of excitons in quantum wells by nano-photoluminescence. The experimental method is based on a confocal microscope with an enhanced resolution given by the introduction of a solid immersion lens. In combination with pulsed laser excitation and streak-camera detection, we have access to transport phenomena on a timescale faster than the time of scattering with acoustic phonons and a length scale of the light wavelength. We use ZnSe-based quantum wells as a model system since hot excitons with well defined excess energy can be formed assisted by the emission of optical phonons. This results e.g. in a periodic quenching of the excitonic transport length as function of excitation excess energy which, in comparison, is not found in GaAs quantum wells. Monte Carlo simulations of the nonlinear expansion of the luminescence spot observed as a function of time reveal the difference between the spatial profiles of the luminescence and the exciton density. The latter shows an oscillatory behaviour in time due to the dominant backscattering, when the first acoustic phonon is emitted. From this oscillation we can determine simultaneously the coherence time and length of the excitonic transport in ZnSe quantum wells. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


As Internet technologies develop continuously social networks are getting more popular day by day. People are connected with each other via virtual applications. Using the Link Prediction in social networks more people get connected, may be they are friends, may be work together at the same workplace and may be their education are. Machine learning techniques are used to analyze the link between the nodes of the network and also create a better link prediction model through deep learning. The objective of this research is to measure the performance using the different techniques to predict link between the social networks. Using deep learning, feature engineering can be reduced for link prediction. In this research, the feature based learning is used to predict the link for better performance. Dataset is obtained by scraping the profile of Facebook users and they are used along with the random forest and graph convolution neural network to measure the performance of link prediction in social networks.


Although crowdsourcing drives much of the interest in Machine Learning (ML) in Geographic Information Science (GIScience), the impact of uncertainty of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) on ML has been insufficiently studied. This significantly hampers the application of ML in GIScience. In this paper, we briefly delineate five common stages of employing VGI in ML processes, introduce some examples, and then describe propagation of uncertainty of VGI.


This paper has two general sources: (1) ins own clinical psychoanalytic work extending over about four and one half decades; and (2) consideration of certain outstandingly influential ideas in our literature: first, those of the pioneer contributors, arid then those of certain more recent writers, whose views have sometimes exhibited important differences from those widley held in the post. I try to evaluate the two groups—in their occasional overlapping and important divergences, in relation to my own clinical experience. A certain general position of my own emerges from such process inevitably; but it is far from "revolutionary." Indeed the contrary is more largely ture. In extreme anticipatory condensation—what I de propose, from my own reflections, is the preeminent importance of an archaic characterological core in depressive illness.


The effective treatment of rural domestic waste is the key to solving rural environmental pollution and realizing rural ecological revitalization. Giving full play to the main role of farmers' domestic waste classification can improve the efficiency and effect of domestic waste treatment. To explore the key factors affecting the farmers' perception, attitude, and behavior of domestic waste classification, this study with 318 farmers in Sichuan Province as the research object, the research framework of domestic waste classification behavior was constructed based on the theory of planned behavior, and then, the logistic regression model was used for the empirical test. The results show that the farmers' education levels, subjective norms, relatives' and neighbors' views on waste classification, farmers' awareness regarding the negative environmental impacts caused by waste, farmers' private benefits, and farmers' views on the waste management ability of local governments are significantly positively correlated with the classification behavior of farmers' domestic waste. The distance between farmers' houses and waste collection points is significantly negatively correlated with the classification behavior of farmers' domestic waste. This paper provides a certain theoretical reference for realizing the reduction, resourcization, and positive development of rural domestic waste management in China.


Forty-six sugar cane families were studied for ratooning ability based on family mean, in a completely randomized block design with two replications at the Sugarcane Breeding Institute (ICAR), Coimbatore. Out of the 46 families, 30 biperental families were further studied for intra-family variation for population characters, cane characters, quality characters and clump yield. The family 87A298 x Co 1148 produced better variance for tillers counts where as two families CoH 110 x 984843 and 984843 x Co 1148 had shown maximum variances for number of millable cane. CoJ 72 x Co 62198 produced wider variances for stalk height and internode length where as for clump yield and internode number the variance was found to be maximum in the family 9869110 x Co 1148. The family 985931 x Co 779 showed maximum variance for stalk diameter. Two families viz., CoJ 72 x Co 62198 and Co 85002 x 971862 recorded the highest variances for hand refractometer brix at 300 days and 330 days respectively. The family 87A298 x Co 1148 showed high level of variances for clump yield and juice quality indicating the scope for simultaneous selection of clones for both the traits within this family.


Based on the production practice,this artical describes the processing mode of spherical surface with universal lathe and milling machine.The processing mode which is favourable for ensuring the design requirements of parts is defined.


15 crossbred dairy cows divided into control (basal diet; n=7) and restricted diet (60% grass silage and 40% hay; n=8) groups. Milk yield and composition were determined, and mammary glands were removed and weighed after 11 weeks of lactation. Results revealed that milk yield was lower in restricted diet group from calving to slaughter. Restricted feeding decreased milk protein content and milk lactose content with similar milk fat composition. Mammary glands of restricted diet group cows were lighter than control. Apoptosis in the mammary gland was higher in the restricted diet animals. It is concluded that lower milk yield induced by nutrient restriction in lactating dairy cows is partly due to the lower number of mammary cells.


Second, do we want all the lab works to be automated? We've heard so many fascinating stories for ''discovery by accident'' in the history of science. Without getting our hands dirty in the labs, we might easily miss the chance for materials discovery by accident. One possible solution is to develop specialized machine-learning algorithms that can explore the unknown experimental space and alert us about any outlier points. On the other hand, we still need to find a better way to work collaboratively with these robots and machine-learning algorithms. We might even need to fundamentally change the education program so that those future material scientists have the mindsets and skillsets to work collaboratively with the robots.


Obesity is an important issue in the world of public health and preventive medicine. Inhibition of proliferation of preadipocytes plays an important role in proposed antiobesity mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the effect of diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) isolated from Ishige okamurae on the apoptotic pathway. The results showed that DPHC inhibited population growth in 3 T3‐L1 preadipocytes as assessed using the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Flow cytometric analysis of 3 T3‐L1 preadipocytes showed that the number of early and late apoptotic cells increases in a dose‐dependent manner after exposure to DPHC, while the number of normal cells was reduced. Our findings indicate that the induction of apoptosis in 3 T3‐L1 preadipocytes by DPHC is mediated through the activation of caspase‐3, Bax, and caspase‐9, and then through the cleavage of poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase and the down‐regulation of Bcl‐2. The data also indicated that treatment with DPHC inhibits histone deacetylase activity in 3 T3‐L1 preadipocytes. These results show that DPHC efficiently induces apoptosis in 3 T3‐L1 preadipocytes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


An analysis of five randomised trials involving a total of 447 children confirms that slow dose titration reduces the incidence of adverse effects of atomoxetine (J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2007; 46:566‐72).


Vascular endothelial growth factor type protein (VEGF), a potent angiogenic effector molecule, was successfully covalently immobilized onto the surfaces of the resorbable polymers poly(L-lactic aci ...


The steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is the second most common disease in the structure of stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD-5) in children, which accounts for 29% of all CKD-5 cases. In most cases, the cause of its development is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Determination of the form of FSGS as well as achieving of the remission of SRNS remain difficult clinical tasks as yet. An even more serious problem in routine nephrological practice is the diagnosis of a rare hereditary form of tubulointerstitial kidney disease caused by a mutation in the uromodulin gene due to the absence of specific clinical manifestations. The article presents a rare clinical case of a patient with SRNS and FSGS combined with autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease associated with a mutation in the uromodulin gene (ADTBD-UMOD) and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Modern views on the geneses of these diseases are briefly outlined as well. The stages of the diagnostic process and the effectiveness of the therapy are also analyzed. The importance of the genetic testing in children in clinical practice is demonstrated.


The solution of themulti-dimensional Schrödinger equation in the generalized spherical coordinates is constructed in the Lagrange-meshmethod. Laguerre and Jacobimeshes are used to constructmatrix elements for the generalizedHamiltonian. Thematrix elements are functions of quadrature abscissas and involve few free parameters for each angular dimension. A ring-shaped non-central separable potential, and a systemof four linearly coupled anharmonic oscillators are used for illustrations of the efficiency and accuracy of themethod. The numerical solutions involving eigenfunctions of the kinetic energy operator display the typical slow convergence with the accuracy improving as the Lagrangemesh bases size increases. The Lagrange-mesh solutions converge to the exact solutionwhen the parameters of thematrix elements are chosen appropriately.


The massive smart devices in intelligent IoT can be broken due to malicious attacks and system failures. As a nonintrusive method, workflows mined from system logs facilitate administrators to quickly locate and diagnose anomalies in time. System logs are usually interleaved since there are lots of concurrent and asynchronous operations and executions on large scale IoT devices. Consequently, it is so challenging to construct an adaptive workflow from these logs and realize the real-time anomaly detection. To meet this challenge, in this paper, we propose a two-stage workflow construction approach named Sysnif, which includes offline construction and online adjustment. First, the window-based dependence computing method is employed to obtain the context of execution paths. Second, a weight-greedy algorithm is designed to denoise the interleaved system logs effectively. Third, in order to match system mechanism variation, the online micro-iteration adjusting algorithm is presented to update the workflow model. Experiment results highlight that Sysnif can outperform state-of-the-art methods, such as Logsed, on dataset of OpenStack logs by 22.4% on recall, meanwhile maintaining the same precision roughly. Sysnif can achieve an average precision and recall of 93.8% and 94.7%, respectively.


From next week, members of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society will be asked to vote on a proposed amended Royal Charter. It is worth spending some time considering this because one effect of the amended Charter will be to end direct elections to the Society's Council: instead, members of the proposed Assembly will be nominated by the national pharmacy boards. Election to one or more of those boards may require the votes of only 300 members (whereas those sitting on the Council generally need to secure around 3,000 votes for election) so this ending of "one pharmacist, one vote" is a serious matter. A Royal Charter is like a constitution: it sets out what the aims, objects and powers of the body will be and how it is to be organised to achieve them. Every so often the Charter needs reviewing and either amending or renewing.The Society is one of the oldest chartered bodies, its original Charter dating back to 1841. There was a major renewal in 1954 and another major revision just a few years ago in 2004. Having been subject to major revision so recently, it is worth asking why yet another revision of the Charter is needed.The Royal College of Nursing Charter, for example, has not been altered since 1974 and yet the training of nurses, their qualifications and the nature of nursing work and the way in which it has been organised have changed immensely in the past 35 years — and the Royal College of Nursing has emerged as a powerful and effective trade union. Clearly, the continued use of an old Charter has not hindered the advancement of the nursing profession. So why, exactly, does the Society need to undertake the expensive and difficult task of renewing or amending a Charter which was revised only five years ago? In my view, alterations to the present Charter are not needed at all and a great deal of time and money could be saved by leaving the document alone. In fact, it is difficult to discern a good reason except the views of the current Council. The present Charter sets out regulation and representation of the profession of pharmacy as the main objects of the Society. An object in a charter is something which the chartered body must do but only, of course, if it is within the reality of the powers of the body. It is possible, given the agreement of the Privy Council, to have the operation of scheduled flights to Mars as an object of the body (and, indeed, Henson and Stringfellow had the operation of flights to India as an object of the Aerial Navigation Company in 1840) but if it is not practicable then the object surely becomes a dead duck — mere verbiage of no practical value. When regulation is taken from the Society in the near future and transferred by statute to a new regulatory body in the form of the General Pharmaceutical Council, then one of the objects in the Charter will become redundant,mere words filling up the document with no practical use or function. The rest of the Charter will remain intact and fully functioning. Despite this, the Council of the Society will shortly be balloting members to gain their approval for an amended Charter. It is taking the opportunity to change the way in which the Society is organised — a change which a number of people who have studied the subject think is ill advised. Over-riding all other considerations, however, should be the concern that the future of the Society, once shorn of its regulatory powers, is unknown. It will no longer be necessary to be a member of the Society to practise as a pharmacist; instead, it will be necessary to be registered with the GPhC. The number of pharmacists who will voluntarily remain members of the Society is unknown. In these circumstances, ordinary caution surely indicates that other major changes should be delayed until the situation becomes clearer. At the limit, spending a great deal of time and effort changing the Charter under which the Society operates will be a total waste if nobody joins. No one knows yet what level of membership the new body might be save that it will be in the range between 40 and 40,000. It is also undoubtedly true that the Council is making strenuous efforts to change the organisation (without, let it be noted, any need as yet to change the Charter).Again, I would urge caution: there should be no precipitate action until there is a clearer picture. It will make no practical difference if any amended Charter is introduced this year, next year or later — except that later would mean that more experience would be built up on our new regulatory and representational arrangements. In that case there would be a better chance of getting the amended Charter right and not have to alter it within five years again. Another potential problem is that there has to be a general election within the next 12 months. If the election takes place before the General Pharmaceutical Council is established (currently scheduled to be in April 2010) it will delay the separation of the Society's functions by a few months and the existing Charter will remain in place for that time. There are likely gains from any delay, with more time to find out how many pharmacists will join the professional body, and nothing to gain from precipitate action. So pharmacists may well wish to consider voting "no" on the proposed changes to the Charter. It may well be that the Society is found to operate perfectly well in the changed circumstance but under the old Charter. Such an outcome seems to have worked well for nursing, which has become a degree profession with prescribing rights. In summary, there is little downside in the near future to a "no" vote on Charter changes but there is much to gain from a delay while experience is gained.A "no" vote is less risky, less expensive, and less likely to lead to future difficulties than a "yes" vote. It is not a negative vote. It is a vote of cautious confidence in the future of the Society. Spending a great deal of time and effort changing the Charter under which the Society operates will be a total waste if nobody joins


Published by WOCAS in cooperation with ISHS (International Society for Horticultural Science) and ISTRC (International Society for Tropical Root Crops)


The luminescence of thin film polymer matrices of polystyrene (PS) containing the sensing molecule dimethylaminostyryl terpyridine derivative (MNpvpt) is affected upon exposure to vapors of organic acids and bases. Fluorescence changes are due to protonation and deprotonation of MNpvpt and control of intramolecular charge transfer, leading to a molecular optical switch.


This article expounds a philosophical approach to Probability and Causality: a synthesis of the personalist Bayesian views of de Finetti and Popper's falsificationist programme. A falsification method for probabilistic or causal theories, based on "Borel criteria," is described. It is argued that this minimalist approach, free of any distracting metaphysical inputs, provides the essential support required for the conduct and advance of Science.


Information security works best when built into the product development process rather than added to an existing insecure product design. Secure design has become an area of primary interest for software developers, system integrators, service providers, and general businesses as they strive to reduce exposure to security vulnerabilities and their associated costs. Proper information security requirements that are well aligned with the business needs are essential for secure design that enhances product viability and return on investment. This paper proposes an information security requirements development process that aims to produce technically accurate information security requirements that take into account business needs.


The utility of Barker-type phase-reversal codes is extended by the use of sidelobe suppression techniques that can be easily implemented in digital form. It is shown that sidelobe suppression techniques can be found where the tapped delay line used to reduce the sidelobes has only a few distinct tap weights, in which case the complexity of the digital processor is greatly reduced. An example is given where the technique is applied to Barker codes with positive sidelobes, specifically, the 13-element Barker code. If higher pulse compression factors are desired than are obtainable with Barker codes, multistage Barker codes may be used. The sidelobes then may be suppressed for any one or all of the different coding stages.


Generalized results of analyses of influence of the Cossack-Hetman state historical and cultural-legal conditions (the middle of XVII–XVIII centuries) Ukrainians public legal awareness are highlighted in the article. During the time of Kyivan Rus' the foundation of Ukrainians public legal awareness was laid. During the period of statelessness, it was oriented towards customary law. The special feature of Ukrainians public legal awareness was its individualistic character. Stay of Ukrainian lands under the jurisdiction of the European country of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth referred to Ukrainians public legal awareness formation but its own specificity was felt: Ukrainian language, Orthodox Christianity, specific everyday life, customary law, which regulated private legal relations. In the middle of the XVII century, the Cossack-Hetman state was founded; the time of its existence is considered to be the period of forming the national features in Ukrainians conscience. Cossack customary law influenced this process. Cossacks, burgers, clergy, nobility, state and landlord peasants had different legal representations that effected public legal awareness of the population, the vector of which was defined by the Cossacks ethic. Since there was no possibility to get acquainted with written laws people regulated their behavior by the norms of non-written of customary law. Regulation of property rights was special. The adoption of the Constitution of Pylyp Orlyc significantly influenced the development of institutional public legal awareness. The development of public legal awareness of Ukrainians of the Cossack-Hetman state took place under act of other states legal norms, the result of which was antagonism towards power as a foreign phenomenon. Custom became a form of self-surviving under the power of foreign ethnic states for Ukrainians. Today Cossack customary law tradition is an important component of Ukrainians' cultural heritage, which allows to understand originality of their legal awareness now, their intention to justice and freedom, following traditions and customs, understanding of property rights as the basis of being, etc.


The impacts of viscous dissipation, Brownian motion, and the thermophoresis caused by temperature gradient on the steady two‐dimensional incompressible chemically reactive and radiative flow of traditional fluid through an exponentially stretched sheet embedded in a Darcy porous media are explored by approaching boundary layer analysis. A magnetic field effect is also addressed along the transverse direction of the horizontal stretched sheet. With the implementation of some suitable nondimensional quantities, the regulating nonlinear partial differential equations, which represent the flow geometry, are transformed into coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. To acquire the numerical findings from this set of equations, a three‐stage Lobatto IIIa, in‐built MATLAB scheme named, Bvp4c is used. The effects of the dimensionless physical factors on the flow, heat, and concentration profile, as well as on the coefficient of drag force and the rate of thermal and mass transit at the surface, are graphically and numerically depicted. The thermal profile, as well as the magnitude of the coefficient of the drag force and the Sherwood number, is found to be escalated with the Darcy–Forchheimer factor, but the depreciation in the value of temperature gradient at the wall is noticed for the same.


Based on the experiments, the influence of X-ray on CCD is analyzed and the properties of the noise from X-ray radiation are obtained. A rhombus-average filter is presented for removing the kind of noise and compared with the recursive and non-recursive median filter through the simulations and actual application. It is shown that the filter presented has the ability of effective removing impulse noise and better protection for edges and details.


Science and tchnology innovation plays an important part in cultivating innovational talents,improving ability of serving local places and upgrading the quality of the faculty in regional universities.Basing on an objective analysis of the obstacles on improving science and technology innovation in regioanl universities,this article discusses the exploration and practice of Ningbo University in promoting science and technology innovation through discipline construction,hoping to provide some reference to other regional universities.


In this work the possible effects of microvaristors in the insulation of inverter fed drives are investigated. The insulation of electrical machines is stressed by overvoltages caused by traveling wave effects, resulting from the short rise time of the inverter voltage, the length of the cable between inverter and electrical drive and as well from the mismatched end of the cable at the machine terminals. Due to the high pulse frequency of the inverter, such overvoltages occur several thousand times per second. In the long term, the machine insulation is thus degrading by partial discharges caused by these overvoltages. In former research it has been shown that external metal-oxide varistors connected directly to the machine terminals help to reduce steepness as well as amplitude of the overvoltages, resulting in lower interturn voltages in the machine. Since the year 2000, micro-varistors are available on the market, used so far for field grading systems of cable accessories. Also, some further novel applications are being investigated and have been reported. For this contribution the effect and behavior of microvaristors in the insulation of the electrical machine has been analyzed. The idea is to distribute the electrical characteristics of external overvoltage protection and steepness reduction directly in the machine insulation. Simulation results show an improved voltage distribution in the windings due to the effects of microvaristors. On the other hand, the nonlinear voltagecurrent-characteristic of the micro-varistors leads to increased resistive current and subsequently power losses in the electrical machine. An optimum has therefore to be determined by simulations as well as by experimental investigations. This is particularly difficult as for instance the voltage-current-characteristic of the material is not specified for such high-frequency applications. It has to be measured and modeled for the simulation. Parameters that can be varied by the manufacturing process of the micro-varistors are the non-linearity of the material and the "switching point" (i.e. the field strength where the material becomes dominantly resistive).


The theorem thus states if the natural numbers are divided into r classes, one can find a an arithmetic progression of length k in one class. Independent of how the division is made, one can give a number W (r, k), dependent on r and k, such that one is sure to find the arithmetic progression among the first N natural numbers if N is larger than W (r, k). The proof shown below does not give a value for W (r, k); it only shows a very bad upper bound for W (r, k) and thus proves existence.


The definition of a magnetic shuttle is introduced to describe the magnetic space enclosed by two magnetic mirrors with the same field direction and high mirror ratio. Helicon plasma immersed in such a magnetic shuttle (mirror ratio 5) that can provide the confinement of charged particles is modeled using an electromagnetic solver. The perpendicular structure of the wave field along this shuttle is given in terms of stream vector plots, showing a significant change from midplane to ending throats, and the vector field rotates and forms a circular layer that separates the plasma column radially into core and edge regions near the throats. The influences of the driving frequency (f = 6.78 MHz–40.68 MHz), plasma density (nemax = 1016 m−3 to 1019 m−3), and field strength (B0max = 0.017 T–1.7 T) on the wave field structure and power absorption are computed in detail. It is found that the wave energy and power absorption decrease for increased driving frequency and reduced field strength and increase significantly when the plasma density is above a certain value. The axial standing-wave feature always exists, due to the interference between forward and reflected waves from ending magnetic mirrors. Distributions of wave energy density and power absorption density all show a shrinking feature from midplane to ending throats, which is consistent with the nature of the helicon mode that propagates along field lines. Theoretical analysis based on a simple magnetic shuttle and the governing equation of helicon waves shows consistency with computed results and previous studies. This hypothetical work is a valuable to guide the helicon physics prototype experiment, which is designed for the fundamental wave–particle interaction study in helicon plasma, to achieve high plasma density and energy absorption efficiency.


Analyses of grain size and mineral components of surface sediments in the offshore area of the northeastern Shandong Peninsula were carried out to reveal the sediment source and the relationship between the characteristics of grain size distribution and sedimentary dynamic conditions in the littoral zone off the northeastern Shandong Peninsula.The results indicate that the surface sediments are mostly derived from the Yellow River and can be divided into three types including clayey silt,sandy silt and silty sand.Among them,clayey silt covers more than 60% of the study area,spreading from northwest to southeast in the form of letter "Y",and the Yellow Sea coastal current is the main factor controlling the grain size characters in the study sea area,with the distribution of particle fractions and grain-size parameters being associated closely with the direction and intensity of the Yellow Sea coastal current.


We provide an introduction to Hidden Markov Models (HMM) followed by a description of the Causal State Splitting and Reconstruction Algorithm, a variation on a HMM construction method. We then describe how to write the CSSR Algorithm as a linear integer program and demonstrate a simple example.


Many of the current memory architectures embed a SRAM cache within the DRAM memory. These architectures exploit a wide internal data bus to transfer an entire DRAM row to the on-memory cache. However, applications exhibit a varying spatial locality across the different DRAM rows that are accessed and buffering the entire row may be wasteful. In order to adapt to the changing spatial locality, we propose a variable line size cached DRAM (VL-CDRAM) that can buffer portions of an accessed DRAM row. Our evaluation shows that the proposed approach is effective in not only reducing the energy consumption but also in improving the performance across various memory configurations.


The potential energy surface of SiC3N is investigated at various levels. A total of 33 isomers are located connected by 44 interconversion transition states. At the CCSD(T)/6-311G(2d)//B3LYP/6-311G(d) level, the lowest lying isomer is linear SiCCCN with a 2Π electronic state whose structure mainly resonates between •|SiC⋮CC⋮N| and |SiCC•C⋮N|. The chainlike low-energy structures SiCCNC (25.0 kcal/mol), SiNCCC (33.9 kcal/mol), CCSiCN (42.9 kcal/mol), and CCSiNC (45.7 kcal/mol) possess large kinetic stability also. Another two kinetically very stable three-membered-ring structures with 2A' electronic states are located, i.e., CN-cCCSi (33.2 kcal/mol) and CN-cSiCC (40.7 kcal/mol), with a kinetic stability of 40.3 and 128.4 kcal/mol, respectively. Except for CN-cSiCC, other isomers mentioned above contain conjugative or hyperconjugative multiple bonding. Among the SiCnN series, SiC3N may be the first radical with stable cyclic isomers that can be detected in interstellar space. For the relevant structures, the...


The paper attempts to study the Gender Responsive Budgeting (GRB) in the field of urban water and sanitation in Delhi region in order to ascertain the hypothesis that the budgeting and planning impacts the lives of women and girls disproportionately compared to men and boys. The study finds that various policies and schemes pertaining to urban water and sanitation in India can be categorised as 'gender blind' since these do not recognise the gender-based disadvantages in accessing safe water supply and sanitation, sewerage and drainage. It is also observed that the overall budgetary allocation for water and sanitation in the resettlement colonies and for Jhuggi Jhopri (JJ) clusters (slums) is grossly inadequate and not in sync with the needs and effective level of service delivery. There is utter confusion and the lack of effective collaboration and consultation among various implementing agencies. Finally, the paper finds that the efforts of bringing out a 'Gender Responsive Budgeting' in India have been a cosmetic exercise so far.


First,we constructed the model of bank risk contagion.Second,during time and space based on cellular automata the dynamic process of the contagion was simulated.Through analyzing the contagion feature of bank risk,we put forward the factors which influence the speed of risk contagion for the bank. Finally,under the same infectious rate and extinction rate,comparisons of time step for reaching stable state were made between single point and three points.The conclusion has great significance about controlling the contagion and holding the stability for the bank.Besides,the model could be used not only in the bank risk contagion but also in the else finance system for finance contagion.


Objective To observe the curative effect of total parathyroidectomy (PTX) with forearm autograft on the uremic patients suffering from severe secondary hyperparathyroidism. Methods To analyze the changes of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) , blood calcium and phosphate, blood haematocrit(Hct) , dyslipidemia, adequacy of hemodialysis(Kt/V.UUR)on 12 patients accepting PTX. Results The orientation of the parathyroid node detected by B-ultrasonic was consistent with location observed in surgery among 11 patients. The iPTH and blood calcium and phosphate decreased after PTX. And the operation also ameliorated the Hct, dyslipidemia and adequacy of hemodialysis. Recurrent hyperparathyroidism occurred in three patients among whom two patients received vitamin D therapy with the result of remaining iPTH in normal range and another one patient received resection of autograft resulting in normal iPTH. Conclusions PTX with forearm autograft is effective to treat severe secondary hyperparathyroidism in uremic patients. PTX can ameliorate anemia and dyslipidemia. The orientation of parathyroid node by B-ultrasonic before surgery is feasible. The "really" totally PTX and the proper tissue for autograft is crucial to avoid recurrence.


For several decades, Raman spectroscopy has been used in different research fields. As a result of progression in the instrumentation during the last years, Raman spectroscopy became available for the analysis of complex biomaterials. In this work, the opportunities of the technique for the analysis of Basidiomycota are explored. The chemical composition of spores of Lactarius species is studied. These spores are mostly comprised of lipids and saccharides: they contain large amounts of triolein and smaller amounts of amylopectin (amyloid ornamention) and chitin. Furthermore, the Raman spectra are compared with those of spores of the genera Collybia, Laccaria, Mycena and Russula. By using a chemometric identification protocol (interference elimination, autoscaling, PCA and LDA) the genus was correctly assigned to a spore print in 90% of the cases, whereas the species could not be deduced from the Raman spectra. It is shown that Raman spectroscopy is a good additional method for the analysis of Lactarius latex. 2D correlation analysis of the latex spectra gives an overview of the major compositional changes and may discriminate between the different reaction steps. The reaction sequence of Lactarius lacunarum latex is studied. Different types of reaction sequences are observed in different species, which might be of taxonomic importance. The last section of this work discusses an explorative study of mycelium cultures of common wood rots. The Raman spectra are discussed and compared with the Raman spectra of infected and unifected Fagus and Pinus wood. In this way, it was shown that hyphae of a wood rot fungus can be detected in infected wood, although the spectral differences in cellulose and lignin bands can be much larger relative to the bands of the fungus. White rots can be detected through the presence of several Raman bands (e.g. at 916 and between 1000 and 1008 cm-1), whereas carotenoid vibration bands between 1510 and 1540 cm-1 are typical for brown rots.


This article examines the social construction of community through a discursive analysis of the cognitive frames used by socially conservative participants involved in conflicts about multicultural education in two case studies. The primary frame explored is that of religious marginalization. Within this frame, socially conservative activists produce texts that reify an ideological boundary between the values of social conservatives and those groups perceived as symbolic threats, primarily public educators and sexual minorities. Since one of the most controversial issues in contemporary conflicts about multicultural education is the role of religion and sexuality in the public schools, this article contends that the domain of the private sphere (religion, race, gender, and sexuality) is a central component of socially conservative constructs of nation and community.


Reachable sets of nonlinear control systems can in general only be approximated numerically, and these approximations are typically very expensive to compute. In this paper, we explore a strategy for choosing the temporal and spatial discretizations of Euler's method for reachable set computation in a non-uniform way to improve the performance of the method.


A simple automated method for the enzymatic determination of L(+)lactic acid in biological material is described. It is adapted from an earlier manual method and involves the oxidation of lactic acid by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in the presence of lactate dehydrogenase. The reduced nucleotide thus formed is monitored spectrophotometrically at 340 nm. The sampling rate is twenty per hour.


In order to solve the 24-hour uninterrupted operation problem of a turntable driving system,a dual-redundancy control system based on programmable logic controller(PLC) was designed.With reference to the heartbeat mechanism concept,which was used in computer cluster technology systems,PLC input and output ports were designed to data monitoring channel to control the switching between the master and the slave.After analysis of the principle,the method of hardware and the software was given.The turntable driving system has been worked for two years and the operation results indicate that the system is advanced,reliable and flexible.The application of this dual-redundancy system in industry control system will help to improve reliability and reduce fault.


Background Micronutrient powder is a potential strategy to improve iron status and reduce anemia in refugee populations. Objective To evaluate the effect of the availability of home fortification with a micronutrient powder containing 2.5 mg of sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate (NaFeEDTA) on iron status and hemoglobin in women and children in the Kakuma Refugee Camp in northwest Kenya. Methods Hemoglobin and soluble transferrin receptor were measured in 410 children 6 to 59 months of age and 458 women of childbearing age at baseline (just before micronutrient powder was distributed, along with the regular food ration) and at midline (6 months) and endline (13 months) follow-up visits. Results At the baseline, midline, and endline visits, respectively, the mean (± SE) hemoglobin concentration in women was 121.4 ± 0.8, 120.8 ± 0.9, and 120.6 ± 1.0 g/L (p = .42); the prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin < 120 g/L) was 42.6%, 41.3%, and 41.7% (p = .92); and the mean soluble transferrin receptor concentration was 24.1 ± 0.5, 20.7 ± 0.7, and 20.8 ± 0.7 nmol/L (p = .0006). In children, the mean hemoglobin concentration was 105.7 ± 0.6, 109.0 ± 1.5, and 105.5 ± 0.3 g/L (p = .95), respectively; the prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin < 110 g/L) was 55.5%, 52.3%, and 59.8% (p = .26); and the mean soluble transferrin receptor concentration was 36.1 ± 0.7, 29.5 ± 1.9, and 28.4 ± 3.2 nmol/L (p = .02), in models that were adjusted for age using least squares means regression. Conclusions In children and in women of childbearing age, the availability of micronutrient powder was associated with a small improvement in iron status but no significant change in hemoglobin in this refugee camp setting.


We survey the relationship between the number of queens per colony and the degree of nest-mate worker size variation in ants to test Oster and Wilson's proposal that the presence of multiple fertile queens per colony (polygyny) should facilitate worker reproduction and hence constrain the evolution of worker polymorphism. In accord with their proposal, we find a significant association across genera and subgenera between polygyny and worker monomorphism. However, since queen number is a more labile character than is the degree of worker size variation, polygyny is unlikely to have served as an important constraint on caste proliferation. Rather, these results indicate that polygyny is more likely to arise in colonies in monomorphic than strongly polymorphic taxa. We consider three nonexclusive hypotheses for this pattern: colonies in strongly polymorphic taxa may have, on the average, a higher ratio of queen to colony survival and therefore a higher polygyny threshold than do colonies in monomorphic taxa; colonies in strongly polymorphic taxa may be less prone to occupy ephemeral nest sites, where colony polygyny thresholds are more readily crossed, than are colonies in monomorphic taxa; and colony polygyny thresholds may be determined by the queen in strongly polymorphic taxa but by the workers in most monomorphic taxa. In order to distinguish among these, a much improved understanding of ant phylogeny and of life-history variation among extant taxa will be required.


Aim: The study goal is to detect if apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), a quantitative parameter of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), can recognize HCC post TACE residuals. Results were obtained by using MRI_DWI & ADC and were compared with those of Tri phasic-computed tomography (CT).  patient and Methods MRI-DWI was performed to 20 patients with 24 HCC focal lesions before and 1month after TACE to calculate the ADC value of HCC. Patients were also evaluated with Tri phasic-CT after TACE. CT was performed within 1 month after TACE. Results: All patients under the study shows pretreatment restricted Diffusion weighted images with low ADC value. Mean ADC value before treatment was 1.14× 10¯³ ±0.29× 10¯³ and ranged from 0.819× 10¯³ to 2.48× 10¯³.  9 cases (45%) cases show post-TACE good therapeutic response with facilitated diffusion & mean ADC value 1.32×10¯³ with significant increase compared to pre-treatment values. 11 cases (55%) shows post-TACE partial or no therapeutic response with restricted diffusion & mean ADC value 1.18×10¯³. However, there was no statistical significant difference between ADC value of resolved and that of residual cases (P-value=0.067), DWI could predict the response of treatment as CT by 100%. All cases of Good therapeutic response had a facilitated diffusion, all cases of partial therapeutic response had a restricted diffusion but less than pretreatment and all cases with no therapeutic response had a restricted diffusion but more than pretreatment. Conclusion DWI could evaluate HCC necrosis of tumor after chemoembolization, and the ADC importance might be its ability to detect viable necrotic tumor tissues. Furthermore, DWI-MRI determines improved liver lesion location. So, DWI can be used as an option for HCC patients short term follow up after chemoembolization and may direct patient control for decreasing radiation CT examination exposure and the danger of contrast material-induced nephropathy.


479 VERILOG HDL 11 In this chapter we look at the Verilog hardware description language. Gateway Design Automation developed Verilog as a simulation language. The use of the Verilog-XL simulator is discussed in more detail in Chapter 13. Cadence purchased Gateway in 1989 and, after some study, placed the Verilog language in the public domain. Open Verilog International (OVI) was created to develop the Verilog language as an IEEE standard. The definitive reference guide to the Verilog language is 1 This does not mean that all Verilog simulators and tools adhere strictly to the IEEE Standard—we must abide by the reference manual for the software we are using. Verilog is a fairly simple language to learn, especially if you are familiar with the C programming language. In this chapter we shall concentrate on the features of Verilog applied to high-level design entry and synthesis for ASICs.


The debate on the reliability of the story teller or narrator in fiction writing is so intense to the degree of controversy. Ever since the early stages of fiction writing, most of the novelists seek new methods and techniques in writing their stories. Some of them have achieved success and became known worldwide, and their works have become masterpieces and essential landmarks in the world of fiction. These works have been among the curricular subjects taught in the most esteemed universities in the world. These eminent works have mostly been tackled thematically by reason of the novelty and importance of their themes, yet there are only a handful critiques on their technical aspects, style, diction being used, or narrative methods. This is a comparative study of some of such works like F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby in comparison with some other works such as Joseph Conrad's Heart of Darkness and Emily Bronte's Withering Heights.


where i indicates the various compartments and wi is the fraction of the tissue weight in each of these compartments. The flow fi is given by f i=hi . ki based on the assumption that xenon is almost instantaneously diffused between blood and tissue, such that the effluent venous blood is in equilibrium with the tissue (2). When we assume that the voxel size is small enough in CT scans to contain only one kind of tissue, the Eq. (1) can be simplified as


The requirements for residency programs now include competency in 'research literacy' and the 'concepts and process of Evidence Based Clinical Practice'. However, there remains a misunderstanding of what is meant by evidencebased medicine (EBM), with emphasis being placed on content rather than on process. A solution is to incorporate a course in the philosophy and process of EBM early in the residency curriculum that reinforces the need to critically appraise evidence for its clinical relevancy using simple tools such as number needed to treat (NNT) for potential benefit, and number needed to harm (NNH) for potential harm. Clinicians in the field also need to be brought up-to-date and taught these intuitive and readily adopted tools of EBM. The authors review lecture and course content and outline the contrasting needs and expectations of resident physicians in training programs versus clinicians in the field. A brief minicourse curriculum and an approach to continuing medical education presentation are described.


This study characterizes population genetic structure among grey wolves (Canis lupus) in northwestern Canada, and discusses potential physical and biological determinants of this structure. Four hundred and ninety‐one grey wolves, from nine regions in the Yukon, Northwest Territories and British Columbia, were genotyped using nine microsatellite loci. Results indicate that wolf gene flow is reduced significantly across the Mackenzie River, most likely due to the north–south migration patterns of the barren‐ground caribou herds that flank it. Furthermore, although Banks and Victoria Island wolves are genetically similar, they are distinct from mainland wolf populations across the Amundsen Gulf. However, low‐level island–mainland wolf migration may occur in conjunction with the movements of the Dolphin‐Union caribou herd. Whereas previous authors have examined isolation‐by‐distance in wolves, this study is the first to demonstrate correlations between genetic structure of wolf populations and the presence of topographical barriers between them. Perhaps most interesting is the possibility that these barriers reflect prey specialization by wolves in different regions.


The collection of the Kórnik Library includes the digestum vestus manuscript, the uniqueness of which is emphasized by art historians. There are two main reasons why it is unique. Firstly, because of the number of illuminations in the legal manuscript. Secondly, because of the confirmed fact that relevant part of illuminations was implementing an illustrative program. The paper starts with presenting the history of the manuscript. The main part of the paper focuses on the issues if and how the illustrative program has reflected the medieval teaching method based on the first 24 books of Justinian's Digest (digestum vetus). The analysis of allocating the illuminations and links between illuminations and specific legal issues give rise to recognizing the main features of this method: central role of the tort (aquilian) liability, semi-systemic approach to the formation and performance of contract and marginal role of the texts related to legal method and general concepts of law at the beginning of the Digest. This hypothesis formulated on the basis of one, unique manuscript should inspire further debate about the fragmentary pragmatic nature of medieval law teaching based on the Digest.


Sociologists know little about how actors explain their attraction to a partner who grew up in a different social class or why their accounts are likely. This is problematic as one form of social class heterophily is relatively common—heterophily by class origin. Drawing upon data from interviews with college-educated respondents in heterophilous marriages by class origin (n = 60) as well as interviews with college-educated respondents in homophilous marriages by class origin (n = 20), this article shows that respondents in heterophilous and homophilous marriages say that they appreciate their spouse for different reasons. Whereas actors in homophilous relationships by class origin explain their appreciation for their spouse in terms of cultural similarities, respondents in heterophilous marriages by class origin explain their appreciation of their spouse in terms of "cultural complements"—the obverse of the dispositions they dislike in themselves and attribute to their own upbringing. The article theorizes that accounts of cultural complements are enabled by the social organization of culture by class.


In this paper, we demonstrate three key features of oxide-based nano-oscillators: 1) the observation of threshold switching and filamentary oscillations in TaOx; 2) the highest frequency achieved by oxide-based oscillators; and 3) a study with linear (resistor) and nonlinear (transistor) ballasts to clearly understand the role of filament dynamics in scaling. These oscillators show frequency tunability over the range of 20 kHz-250 MHz, with 250 MHz being the highest reported frequency for this class of oscillators. Different types of ballasts show frequency tunability using two distinct methods: 1) by tuning the channel resistance of the transistor and 2) by increasing the rail voltage across the ballast-device pair. This sheds new light on the oscillator dynamics for dense oscillator arrays aimed at oscillatory neural networks and other applications.


The evolution of the personal status of Jews in the post-classical Roman and Visigothic law should be read within the scope of the general history of the juridical situation of persons at the same period. From the 4th to the 6th century, Jews were Roman citizens benefiting from the essential aspects of civil legal capacity; their status presenting no juridical originality contrary to what has often been stated. The fact by which a certain number of Jews, in certain places, at certain times, have received privileges, leads in no way to signify they were given a singular status, a notion resulting from a misunderstanding of the proper definition of privilege. It is only at the very end of the 7th century in the Visigothic world that Jews will lose their ingenui status by a measure that will abase them to slavery. This event, unprecedented in the history of Jews in the Western world, was brought forth in a context in which the status of freemen was becoming fragile throughout society.