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Author Affiliations
- Haiqing Ma1,2,
- Saradhi Mallampati1,
- Yue Lu3,
- Baohua Sun1,
- Enze Wang1,
- Xiaohong Leng4,
- Yun Gong5,
- Haifa Shen6,
- C. Cameron Yin7,
- Dan Jones8,
- Hesham M. Amin7,
- M. James You7,
- Patrick Zweidler-McKay9,
- Yupo Ma10,
- Hagop M. Kantarjian11,
- Ralph B. Arlinghaus4,
- Armand Glassman12 and
- Xiaoping Sun1⇑
- 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and the Center for Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDACC), Houston, TX, USA
- 2Department of Oncology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
- 3Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MDACC, Houston, TX, USA
- 4Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MDACC, Houston, TX, USA
- 5Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MDACC, Houston, TX, USA
- 6Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, TX, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- 7Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MDACC, Houston, TX, USA
- 8School of Health Sciences, The University of Texas MDACC, Houston, TX, USA
- 9Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MDACC, Houston, TX, USA
- 10Department of Pathology, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- 11Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MDACC, Houston, TX, USA
- 12Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, and Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, The University of Texas Houston Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Correspondence: xsun{at}mdanderson.org
The transcription factor Sox4 plays an indispensable role in the development of early progenitor B cells from hematopoietic stem cells. However, its role in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, a malignant counterpart of normal progenitor B cells, is not fully understood. Here we show that SOX4 is highly expressed in human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells. To systematically study the function of Sox4 in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, we established a genetically defined mouse leukemia model by transforming progenitor B cells carrying a floxed Sox4 allele and inducing deletion of the allele by the self-excising Cre recombinase. This model allowed us to work with two groups of leukemic cells that had either one copy or both copies of Sox4 deleted. We found that depletion of Sox4 in transformed cells in vitro reduced cell growth in vitro and the progression of leukemia in vivo. Moreover, depletion of Sox4 in leukemic cells in vivo prolonged the survival of the mice, suggesting that it could be a potential target in acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy. Our microarray and bioChIP studies revealed that Tcf7l1 was the key gene directly regulated by Sox4. Knockdown of Tcf7l1 reduced cell proliferation, just as did knockout of Sox4, and ectopic expression of Tcf7l1 could reverse the effect of Sox4 knockout on cell proliferation. These data suggest that Sox4 and Tcf7l1 form a functional axis that promotes the progression of BCR-ABL-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Sox4, a member of the C subgroup of the Sox transcription factor family, plays a critical role in diverse developmental processes such as formation of the cardiac outflow tract and endocrine islet, differentiation of thymocytes, and development of osteoblasts and neural and glial cells.1 Sox4 is also indispensable to early B-cell development.2 In our laboratory it was demonstrated that conditional inactivation of Sox4 in hematopoietic stem cells completely abrogates the development of progenitor B (pro-B) cells without having significant deleterious effects on other hematopoietic lineages. Sox4 is important in maintaining the survival of pro-B cells since deficiency in B-cell development caused by Sox4 inactivation could be partially rescued with transgenic expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2.3 On the basis of these findings, we hypothesized that Sox4 is involved in the malignant transformation of pro-B cells while functioning as a pro-proliferative and/or anti-apoptotic factor.
Increasing evidence shows that SOX4 is up-regulated in various human malignancies. However, the role of SOX4 in different tumor types remains controversial.4 For example, SOX4 has been shown to function as an oncogene in prostate, colorectal, and breast cancers, by inducing and maintaining cancer-initiating cells, supporting cancer cell survival, and promoting cancer cell invasion and metastasis. In contrast, increased SOX4 expression was also shown to correlate with prolonged survival and slower disease progression in patients with bladder carcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma, and medulloblastoma, suggesting that SOX4 can have a tumor-suppressor role.
Increased expression of Sox4 induced by retroviral insertional mutagenesis has been shown to be associated with leukemia and lymphoma.5,6 The role of Sox4 as an oncogene in leukemia transformation was also shown in mice that had received bone marrow cells infected with a Sox4-expressing virus and subsequently developed myeloid leukemia.7 At the molecular level in myeloid leukemogenesis, Sox4 was reported to cooperate with various factors, including Evi1, PU.1, AML1-ETO, NUP98-DDX10, p15INK4b loss, HOXA9, CREB, PML-RARa and miR129-2.8–16 However, little is known about the role of SOX4 in lymphoid leukemias. In adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, SOX4 was found to be downstream of FRA-2 and induced HDAC8 expression.17 Recently Ramezani-Rad et al.18 reported the role of SOX4 in PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the present study we used a genetically defined mouse BCR-ABL-positive ALL model and investigated the role of Sox4 in leukemia progression, the molecular mechanisms involved, and the potential role of Sox4 as a target in ALL therapy.
All animal experiments were performed according to the protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. The generation of loxp-flanked Sox4 allele mice,19 Cre-ER mice20 and Rosa26eYFP mice21 (Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA) has been described elsewhere.
OP9 and pro-B cell co-culture
OP9 cells were maintained in alpha minimum essential medium (AMEM) (Cellgro, Manassas, VA, USA) supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA), 2 mM glutamine (Gibco, Grand Island, NY, USA), 100 units/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin (Gibco). For OP9 and pro-B cell co-culture, AMEM with 20% fetal bovine serum (Omega Scientific, Techview, Singapore), 2 mM glutamine, 100 units/mL penicillin, 100 μg/mL streptomycin, 50 μM β-mercaptoethanol (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), and 10 ng/mL interleukin-7 (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany) was used.
Viral vector constructs
Details regarding the SE-Cre vector are available elsewhere.22 To silence Tcf7l1 expression, human U6 promoter-directed shRNA expression vectors were generated as follows: the RNAi-Ready pSIREN-RetroQ-DsRed-Express vector (pSIN) was self-inactivated as described by Xu et al.23 and PGK promoter (from pLVX-Tight-Puro) (Clontech, Mountain View, CA, USA) and mCherry-coding sequences were cloned into BamHI- and EcoRV-digested pSIN vector. Regulatory sequences that flanked shRNA in the pGIPZ vector were synthesized as oligonucleotides with 5′-end phosphorylation modification and cloned downstream of the human U6 promoter in the pSIN-PGK-mCherry vector. Finally shRNA from the pGIPZ vector was excised and sub-cloned into the above vector.
The bioChIP system24 (BirA/biotin/biotin acceptor protein/streptavidin) was used to pull down Sox4-bound chromatin.25 In this system, biotin-conjugating enzyme, BirA ligase, and biotin acceptor peptide (BAP)-tagged Sox4 (BAP-Sox4) (BAP served as a control) were introduced into the p190 BCR-ABL-transformed pro-B cells that had Sox4fl/fl deletion (Sox4fl/flSE-Cre). In the presence of biotin, BirA catalyzes conjugation of biotin to BAP-Sox4 which can then be specifically pulled down, together with bound DNA fragments (Sox4 specific ChIP DNA), by magnetic beads conjugated with streptavidin (Dynabeads® MyOne™ Streptavidin T1; Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY, USA). The Tcf7l1 promoter sequences were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the following primers: forward: 5′ ggcgatggggaaggagggag 3′; reverse: 5′ gaaggtgcaagcgagcagga 3′.
In vivo transplantation
NOD-SCID (NOD.CB17-Prkdcscid/J, Jackson laboratory) mice were sublethally irradiated (250 rads) for 6 to 18 hours before they were transplanted with transformed pro-B cells (1×106 cells per mouse) through the tail vein. At weekly intervals, each mouse was injected intraperitoneally with 150 mg/kg D-luciferin (Biosynth, Staad, Switzerland) and imaged in a Xenogen IVIS 100 imaging system (PerkinElmer, Waltham, MA, USA). For in vivo deletion of the floxed Sox4 gene, transplanted NOD/SCID mice were given peritoneal injections of tamoxifen for 5 consecutive days.
Immunoblot analysis
Mouse polyclonal anti-Sox4 (Abnova, Taipei City, Taiwan) at 1:3000 dilution and rabbit polyclonal anti-α-tubulin (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA) at 1:3000 dilution were used for immunoblot analysis. Anti-rabbit or anti-mouse secondary antibodies conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (Sigma) were used at 1:3000 dilution and bands were detected using a chemiluminescence detection system (Pierce Biotechnology, Rockford, IL, USA).
As an initial step, we determined the levels of SOX4 mRNA by real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR in various types of human cells. Results showed that SOX4 was expressed at relatively high levels in T-cell ALL cell lines (ranging from 30 to 66 times the level in pooled peripheral blood mononuclear cells, which was arbitrarily set as 1 for comparison) and B-cell ALL cell lines (ranging from 7.6 to 30 times), but at low levels in AML cell lines (ranging from 0.99 to 1.3 times), normal peripheral blood B cells (0.17 times) and T cells (0.16 times), and normal bone marrow CD34+ cells (2.1 times) (Figure 1A). We also determined the levels of SOX4 mRNA in patients' leukemic cells by using real-time RT-PCR. Consistent with the results from the cell lines, SOX4 mRNA expression was significantly higher in patients' B-cell ALL and T-cell ALL cells than in AML cells (P<0.05) (Figure 1B). High SOX4 expression in B-cell ALL and T-cell ALL was confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis in cases in which bone marrow sections were available (data not shown). These findings indicated that SOX4 may play an important role in human ALL. Since B-cell development, but not T-cell development, was severely impeded in Sox4-deficient mice,3 we focused our studies on B-cell ALL.
We established mouse ALL cell lines by transforming bone marrow and fetal liver pro-B cells from mice that had either one copy (Sox4fl/+) or two copies (Sox4fl/fl) of the floxed Sox4 allele19 with p190 BCR-ABL and then by deleting Sox4fl in vitro with self-excising Cre (SE-Cre). The BCR-ABL vector also carried mCherry and Cre activity was indicated by eYFP so that a pure population of cells could be sorted for analysis (Online Supplementary Methods). Since the SE-Cre was floxed, it would be deleted by the same Cre recombinase encoded by itself, which terminated further Cre expression and avoided the toxicity caused by accumulated Cre seen with other Cre vectors. As the Cre was expressed in both experimental and control cells, any other potential side effects of Cre recombinase were further minimized. The transformed cells retained a pro-B cell phenotype (CD43+CD19+, Figure 1C) and the cells with both Sox4fl alleles deleted (Sox4fl/flSE-Cre) exhibited a lower proliferation rate (Figure 1D and Online Supplementary Figure S1) and lower colony formation ability (Figure 1E) than did transformed cells with only one Sox4fl deleted (Sox4fl/+SE-Cre), suggesting that Sox4 promotes leukemic cell growth in vitro. On the other hand, Sox4 deletion did not result in significant difference in apoptosis in the transformed cells (Online Supplementary Figure S2). Since deletion of Sox4 is pro-apoptotic in pro-B cells during normal B-cell development, as shown by previous studies in our laboratory,3 our current findings indicate that the pro-apoptotic effect of Sox4 deletion could be overshadowed by a potent anti-apoptotic effect of BCR-ABL signaling in the transformed cells.
To investigate the effect of Sox4 deletion on B-cell ALL development in vivo, we transduced the BCR-ABL–transformed cells with a luciferase-expressing viral vector and intravenously injected equal numbers of the cells into sublethally irradiated (250 cGy) NOD/SCID mice. Bioluminescence imaging indicated that the ALL cells homed to bone marrow immediately after injection and that their numbers expanded rapidly afterwards. Importantly, the onset of disease in mice injected with transformed Sox4fl/flSE-Cre cells was delayed compared to that in mice injected with transformed Sox4fl/+SE-Cre cells (Figure 2A). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that recipient mice with Sox4fl/flSE-Cre cells had a significantly longer survival (median 33 days, n=10) than that of mice with Sox4fl/+SE-Cre cells (median 21 days, n=9) (Figure 2B; P<0.0001). In the terminal stage, ALL cells accounted for nearly 90% of bone marrow cells by flow cytometry analysis (data not shown). As expected, Sox4 mRNA was readily detected in ALL cells from the bone marrow of the mice engrafted with transformed Sox4fl/+SE-Cre cells but barely detectable in ALL cells from recipients with transformed Sox4fl/flSE-Cre cells (Figure 2C). The faster onset of the disease and shorter survival in mice transplanted with Sox4fl/+SE-Cre ALL cells suggested that Sox4 promotes leukemic cell growth in vivo.
To investigate whether Sox4 could be used as a target in B-cell ALL treatment, we sought to induce Sox4 deletion in vivo after the establishment of leukemia. We first crossed floxed Sox4 mice with Cre-ER mice and eYFP reporter mice and obtained Sox4fl/fl;Cre-ER;eYFP mice. We then transformed pro-B cells from these mice with p190 BCR-ABL and transduced them with luciferase-expressing retroviral vector in vitro. Flow cytometry-sorted BCR-ABL-transformed and luciferase-expressing cells were transplanted into sublethally irradiated NOD/SCID mice, and leukemia development was monitored by bioluminescence imaging. Upon detection of the expansion of transplanted ALL cells, we induced Sox4 deletion by peritoneal injection of tamoxifen on day 5 post-transplantation for 5 consecutive days. Our results showed that mice that received tamoxifen survived significantly longer (median survival, 126 days; n=7) than did the control mice that received the vehicle only (median survival, 46 days; n=6) (Figure 2D,E; P=0.0002). Consistent with floxed Sox4 gene deletion, Sox4 mRNA was barely detectable by real-time PCR in ALL cells from the mice that had received tamoxifen (Figure 2F). These results suggest that targeting Sox4 is potentially effective in the treatment of ALL.
To identify genes regulated by Sox4 in B-cell ALL, we performed gene expression microarray analysis with BCR-ABL-transformed Sox4fl/flSE-Cre and Sox4fl/+SE-Cre cells of fetal liver or bone marrow origin. We identified Sox4 and 17 other differentially expressed genes that all showed decreased expression in Sox4fl/flSE-Cre cells (Figure 3A). These genes are known to be involved in the regulation of cell growth, the cell cycle, B-cell differentiation, and other cellular processes. We confirmed the microarray results by real-time RT-PCR for the expression of the differentially expressed genes in Sox4fl/+SE-Cre and Sox4fl/flSE-Cre cells (data not shown). To test whether expression of the down-regulated genes in Sox4fl/flSE-Cre cells could be reversed by ectopic Sox4 expression, we introduced Sox4-expressing retrovirus into the Sox4fl/flSE-Cre cells. Sox4 expression was significantly higher in Sox4fl/flSE-Cre;Sox4 cells than in Sox4fl/+SE-Cre cells (Figure 3B). We found that the ectopic Sox4 expression in Sox4fl/flSE-Cre cells restored mRNA levels of most of these genes (Figure 3C). Notably, among the genes tested, the greatest difference in expression level was observed for Tcf7l1, whose mRNA levels in Sox4fl/flSE-Cre;Sox4 cells were nearly 30 times higher than those in Sox4fl/flSE-Cre cells.
To verify the potential relationship of Tcf7l1 and Sox4 expression, we examined their mRNA levels in leukemic cells from patients with ALL and found that the expression of Tcf7l1 mRNA was positively correlated with that of Sox4 mRNA with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.666 (Figure 3D; n=11, P=0.0253). To test whether Tcf7l1 was directly regulated by Sox4, we performed a bioChIP assay. Biotin-conjugating enzyme, BirA ligase, and BAP-Sox4 (BAP served as control) were introduced into the p190 BCR-ABL-transformed pro-B cells that had Sox4fl/fl deletion (Sox4fl/flSE-Cre). In the presence of biotin, BirA would catalyze conjugation of biotin to BAP-Sox4 which could then be specifically pulled down, together with bound DNA fragments, by magnetic beads conjugated with streptavidin. The bioChIP DNA samples were examined for the presence of the Tcf7l1 promoter sequence by real-time PCR and the Sox4-specific ChIP DNA showed significant enrichment of the Tcf7l1 promoter sequence (Figure 3E). Mutation of the potential Sox4 binding sequence25 (-28 to -23bp: 'ctttgt' to 'tgctag') reduced luciferase expression by approximately 50% (Figure 3F). These findings indicated that the Tcf7l1 gene is directly regulated by Sox4.
We further studied the role of Tcf7l1 in ALL by shRNA knockdown in transformed pro-B cells. Knockdown of Tcf7l1 resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation and colony formation (Figure 4A–C and Online Supplementary Figure S3), but no significant difference in cell apoptosis (Online Supplementary Figure S4), as seen with Sox4 knockout. To determine whether the effect of knockdown was Tcf7l1- specific and not due to off-target effects of knockdown, we introduced retrovirus-mediated ectopic Tcf7l1 into transformed Sox4fl/flSE-Cre cells. In contrast to the knockdown effect, ectopic expression of Tcf7l1 restored cell proliferation and colony formation (Figure 4D–F). Together, these data suggest that Tcf7l1 mediates the oncogenic role of Sox4 in ALL.
Sox4 is required for normal development of B lineage cells.2 We previously showed that deletion of the Sox4 gene in hematopoietic stem cells causes severe deficiency in pro-B cells and later stage B cells.3 In this study, we further showed that Sox4 is also required for the growth of BCR-ABL-positive B-cell ALL cells, the malignant counterpart of normal pro-B cells. We showed that SOX4 is highly expressed in human ALL cell lines and in leukemic cells from patients with ALL. Using BCR-ABL-induced B-cell ALL as a model, we showed that mice that received ALL cells in which Sox4 had been deleted developed leukemia slower and survived longer than did the mice that had received ALL cells without Sox4 deletion. By using Sox4fl/fl;Cre-ER;eYFP cells, we were able to demonstrate that depletion of Sox4 in vivo after establishment of leukemia in recipient mice attenuated progression of the leukemia and prolonged the animals' survival, suggesting that targeting Sox4 or a key Sox4-regulated gene might be effective in the treatment of BCR-ABL-positive ALL. Furthermore, our Sox4fl/flSE-Cre and Sox4fl/+SE-Cre experimental system allowed us to identify a list of potential Sox4 downstream genes, including Tcf7l1 which is directly regulated by Sox4 and is one of the important downstream effectors of Sox4 in ALL.
In normal hematopoiesis, TCF7L1 is predominantly expressed in human hematopoietic stem cells and multi-potent progenitors, but is undetectable in pro-B cells.26 Our findings that Tcf7l1 is expressed in transformed pro-B cells and that the expression is controlled by Sox4 suggest that gene expression profiles in transformed pro-B cells recapitulate those in early precursors and that Sox4 may play an important role in the reprograming. In our study, both Sox4 and Tcf7l1 had a pro-proliferation function in p190 BCR-ABL-transformed pro-B cells, suggesting that Tcf7l1 executes the role of Sox4 in leukemic cell proliferation. Consistent with this, Tcf7l1 is required for the proliferation of spinal progenitors and for the maintenance of pluripotency in embryonic stem cells.27,28 However, the precise molecular cues of the role of Tcf7l1 in ALL are still largely unknown and await further in-depth study.
While the animal experiments of this study were being finalized, Ramezani-Rad et al. published their work suggesting that Sox4 enabled oncogenic survival signals in BCR-ABL-positive ALL.18 Notably, nearly half of the potential Sox4 downstream genes identified by the gene expression microarray in their study were those known to be involved in apoptosis, which were not identified by the gene expression microarray in our study. This discrepancy might have resulted from the difference in the cells used. In our system, the transformed experimental cells (Sox4fl/flSE-Cre) and control cells (Sox4fl/+SE-Cre) both had Cre recombinase. Moreover, we used SE-Cre to avoid the potential toxicity of Cre recombinase that might cause cell apoptosis. These designs were expected to lead to results that specifically show the effect of Sox4 on leukemic cells.
The BCR-ABL gene is a strong oncogene and the transformed pro-B cells could be cultured indefinitely in vitro, produce leukemia in vivo and readily cause the death of recipient mice. Depletion of Sox4, whether in vitro prior to transplantation or in vivo after the establishment of leukemia, could significantly prolong survival, which is indicative of Sox4 having an important role in leukemia progression. Nevertheless, the fact that the transformed cells still grew in vitro in the absence of Sox4 and recipient mice transplanted with Sox4-depleted cells eventually died of leukemia suggest that Sox4 is not absolutely essential for the initiation and progression of BCR-ABL-positive ALL. The role of Sox4 in other types of mouse leukemia and in human leukemia warrants further investigation.
We thank Dr. Véronique Lefebvre at Cleveland Clinic for the Sox4 floxed mice.
The online version of this article has a Supplementary Appendix.
This work was supported by a Research Scholar Grant to XS from the American Cancer Society, a Physician Scientist Program Award to XS from The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, a research grant to XS from the Ladies Leukemia League, an Institutional Research Grant to XS from MD Anderson Cancer Center, and the MD Anderson Support Grant CA016672.
Authorship and Disclosures
Information on authorship, contributions, and financial & other disclosures was provided by the authors and is available with the online version of this article at www.haematologica.org.
- Received January 23, 2014.
- Accepted July 3, 2014.
- Copyright© Ferrata Storti Foundation


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Mason Mohon | @mohonofficial
Dr. Robert P. Murphy is a senior fellow at the Mises Institute and a professor of economics at Texas Tech University. 71 Republic's Mason Mohon sat down with Dr. Murphy to discuss economics and anarcho-capitalism. You can find Dr. Murphy on Twitter @BobMurphyEcon.
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Eddie Gilbert died on December 23, 2015, four days shy of his ninety-third birthday, though few people outside of Albuquerque, noticed his passing.
This is surprising. Gilbert was once known as the "boy wonder of Wall Street" for his successful stock market trading and his takeover of E.L. Bruce in which he created the last corner on a U.S. Exchange. Gilbert also went to prison twice, was friends with Jack Kerouac, John Dos Passos and other luminaries, made and lost fortunes, and finally succeeded with his real estate business in New Mexico, becoming a multi-millionaire. Despite having one of the most colorful histories of anyone in the financial world, Eddie Gilbert doesn't even have an entry in Wikipedia, though a cricketer, wrestler and hockey player of the same name do.
Eddie Gilbert was one of those driven individuals who was a born salesman and deal maker with plenty of chutzpah. He always had to make a deal, and no matter what the circumstances were, Gilbert could always find a way to make money. He would leverage his transactions, get others involved, and oversaw and coordinated his market transactions like a general at war. Gilbert was determined to win, and usually did, but sometimes the deals blew up in his face.
The Shorts Get Cornered, but Who Owns Bruce?
Gilbert began his business career in the 1950s working for Empire Millwork, which had been founded by his grandfather, and which was then headed by his father. By the 1950s, Gilbert had already spent y
Gilbert discovered that one of their competitors, E. L. Bruce, was poorly run, and he felt he could run it much more efficiently. Bruce's sales had been stagnant for the past ten years while Empire's sales were increasing. Gilbert began buying up shares of Bruce in February 1958 at 16.875 to acquire majority ownership of the company. As Gilbert bought more and more shares, Bruce's stock price rose, and short sellers entered into the market believing that an underperforming company like Bruce wasn't worth the price it was trading at.
In the process, Gilbert was acquiring all the float in Bruce's stock. As the price of Bruce stock rose further, the shorts were forced to cover their positions. On June 12, 1958, the American Stock Exchange suspended trading in E. L. Bruce Stock when the stock soared to $77 a share. Shares were in short supply because the management of E. L. Bruce owned 50% of the outstanding shares and Gilbert had taken control over the remaining 50% of Bruce stock.
The shares that were sold short represented the balance between Bruce and Gilbert. Typically, in a situation like this, the exchange would step in, negotiate a fair price for the shorts to cover their position, and settle outstanding short contracts for cash, but Gilbert didn't want to do this. Gilbert wanted the shares the shorts had borrowed because getting those few extra shares meant the difference between who owned E. L. Bruce Corp.
Although the American Stock Exchange required that all shorts cover their positions, the stock no longer traded on the ASE, and the shorts had to find shares over-the-counter. This led to a mad scramble among the shorts, and the stock reportedly traded as high as $190 as shorts desperately tried to cover their positions. Short interest in the stock gradually declined from 16,134 shares on May 15 to 6,440 shares by August 15 and to 3,500 shares by September 4.
E. L. Bruce (Old) Stock Price, 1955-1959
On September 22, the Gilbert and Bruce factions met at the Waldorf-Astoria hotel in New York. Gilbert arrived in a limousine followed by an armored truck. Inside the armored truck were the actual certificates for all the shares Gilbert owned. He had the shares taken up to the suite in the Waldorf-Astoria and had them dumped on the floor. Gilbert told the Bruce board members that he had over 50% of the outstanding shares and if they didn't believe him, they could count them. Gilbert said he would allow the Bruce management to still be on the board, but he would have control of the company. Gilbert said was going out to lunch and when he came back, he wanted to know if they would accept his offer. When Gilbert returned from lunch, the piles of stock lay untouched on the floor, and the Bruce management acceded to Gilbert's demands. Gilbert later confessed that they were a bit short of the full 50%, but he was happy his bluff had worked. With this coup, Gilbert became known as "the boy wonder of Wall Street."
Empire Millwork Corp. changed its name to Empire National Corp. in 1960 and to E. L. Bruce in 1961. By 1962, Bruce had $60 million in sales and Gilbert began eyeing Celotex, with sales of $80 million, as his next takeover target. In 1962, Gilbert began buying up shares of Celotex, both on his own account and through E. L. Bruce. The market was in the midst of a bull market, and by March 1, Celotex had risen from around 26 to 41 5/8.
Empire Millwork Corp.-E. L. Bruce Corp. (New) Stock Price, 1955-1971
Blue Monday for Bruce and Celotex
Gilbert had also gotten André Meyer from Lazard Frères involved in the Celotex takeover. In 1960, Gilbert had sold Lazard Frères $2 million in convertible debentures which could either be paid off or converted into shares of E. L. Bruce. Meyer approved of the takeover, and he and Gilbert agreed that Meyer would buy up shares of Celotex, then sell the shares to Gilbert at a profit when the takeover was consummated. Meyer redeemed half of the convertible debentures in early 1962, but since Bruce stock had doubled in price since 1960, redeeming half the convertible debentures meant that this cost E. L. Bruce $2 million which was provided through a loan from Union Planters Bank.Meyer bought 87,000 shares of Celotex, but demanded that Gilbert redeem the rest of the debentures in order that Meyer could buy an additional 163,000 shares of Celotex. Gilbert asked that the funds be held in escrow to be paid when the Celotex deal was completed, but instead, Meyer withdrew the funds from the escrow account, nearly wiping out Gilbert's cash reserves.
Gilbert had bought shares on margin, and when the stock market crashed on Blue Monday, May 28, 1962, Gilbert received margin calls on his Celotex shares. Gilbert now was cash poor, and the $500,000 in cash he had left was insufficient to meet the margin calls. If Gilbert were unable to cover the margin calls, not only would his holdings in Celotex be sold making the merger impossible, but the prices of both Celotex and E. L. Bruce would crash. E. L. Bruce Corp. would also suffer because the company owned 77,300 shares of Celotex.
Gilbert directed that $1.953 million of corporate funds be used to cover his margin calls to prevent the collapse in the price of Celotex and Bruce shares. Unfortunately, he did this without first getting the approval of the board. Gilbert knew that the Ruberoid Co. was also interested in acquiring Celotex, so he contacted a friend at Ruberoid to see if they would buy out his position in Celotex. This would provide sufficient funds for Gilbert to cover the $1.953 million.
Gilbert called a meeting of the E. L. Bruce board met on June 12 to discuss how he and the company would handle the $1.953 million Gilbert had taken. Since Meyer had taken out the $2 million from the escrow account, Gilbert had insufficient funds to cover the $1.953 million, but he pledged all of his resources as collateral to guarantee he would return the sum. As Gilbert had become successful, he had built up a sizeable stamp collection, purchased antiques and paintings for his home, had acquired a villa on the Riviera where he entertained, and regularly went to Monte Carlo where he would win or lose hundreds of thousands. In fact, John Brooks referred to Gilbert as "the Last Gatsby."
Unfortunately, Ruberoid called back and said they would not be interested in acquiring the block of Celotex shares, Gilbert knew he was sunk. He had ample resources, just very little cash. Not wanting to face the consequences of his actions, when Gilbert left for lunch, he booked a flight to Rio, and after resigning his position at E. L. Bruce, fled the country.
The Fugitive Playboy
When Gilbert arrived in Brazil, he left behind a spacious apartment on Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, a villa on the French Riviera, a $3.5 million tax lien and $14 million in debts. When news of his flight to Brazil broke, the press went wild, and Gilbert became known as the "fugitive Playboy." The story followed him to Brazil. Gilbert was featured in a nine-page spread in Life Magazine and was the subject of a half-hour "Eyewitness Reports" feature on CBS entitled "Refuge in Rio." Gilbert also became the basis of a character in Louis Auchincloss's novel A World of Profit. This was not how Gilbert had wanted to become famous.
Even though Gilbert had left the United States with almost no money, Gilbert traded stocks on the Rio stock exchange and speculated in United States dollars. By the time Gilbert returned to the United States five months later, he had made $100,000.
One huge problem Gilbert faced was that the IRS demanded that Gilbert pay taxes on the $1.953 million he had taken from the Bruce treasury. Instead of treating the money as a loan Gilbert would repay, the IRS treated it as income to be taxed. The IRS put a lien on Gilbert's assets, putting them first in line. Until the IRS matter was resolved, Gilbert was unable to pay any of his creditors, putting him in an even worse position. It also didn't help that his wife Rhoda had purchased $732,000 of jewelry from Cartier's shortly before the stock market collapsed.
Given all the publicity relating to his case, Gilbert feared that the trial might not go his way. Two years after returning to the United States, Gilbert pled guilty to three counts of grand larceny and securities violations in the hope that he would get a suspended sentence. Instead, Gilbert was sentenced to two years in prison by the Federal government and two years by the state of New York.
Gilbert served two years in prison, where he reportedly cornered the cigarette market, and was released in 1969. In 1977, the U.S. Court of Appeals ruled that Gilbert was not guilty of any of the crimes he had pled guilty to, but that he had "tripped over a legal technicality while risking his own fortune in a sincere effort to save his company's interests," since he had planned to repay the money taken from the treasury. Though this saved Gilbert's name, it didn't give him back the two years he had spent in prison.
The Conrac Conspiracy
Unfortunately, Gilbert got into more trouble a few years later. In 1975, he was investing in a stock called Conrac, a communications equipment manufacturer, which he had recommended to several friends. One of his fellow traders, James Couri, bought shares on margin, and when Couri received margin calls, 20,000 shares were sold by his brokers, driving the price of the stock down from $28 to $23.375. Consequently, on December 18, 1975, the NYSE suspended trading.This led to a civil suit by the SEC against Gilbert, Couri and 17 others alleging they had obtained over 100,000 shares of Conrac to profit from manipulating the stock. Gilbert had been involved in about 75% of the transactions. No action was taken by the SEC in 1976, but in 1980, Gilbert was indicted on 34 counts of stock manipulation along with traders James Couri and John Revson and stock broker Harvey Cserhat.
Conrac Stock Price, 1974-1976
In order to convict Gilbert, the prosecution had to prove that Gilbert and the others had conspired to manipulate the price of the stock and had coordinated their actions through wash sales, in which someone sells a stock to himself in another account at a higher price, or through match sales in which one person sells the stock to another co-conspirator at a higher price.The four admitted they were all trying to profit off the stock, but contended they did not coordinate their activities to manipulate the stock. James Couri made an agreement with the prosecutor to plead guilty and testify against Gilbert in exchange for a suspended sentence. Revson and Cserhat had their trial severed from Gilbert.
The prosecution put together charts to show the jury how the trades were interrelated and coordinated, but the key to the trial was the credibility of Couri. After the trial was over with, it turned out that Couri was facing criminal indictments for fraud and related charges in another case, but the Jury and Gilbert didn't know this. Gilbert was found guilty on 34 counts of stock manipulation.
When Couri testified at the trial of Revlon and Cserhat, the jury did not find Couri credible, and the two defendants were found not guilty. Of the four, Gilbert was the only one found guilty, and he went to prison for two years. This case makes you realize exactly why it is so hard to prove criminal intent in securities cases.
Gilbert Becomes a Real Estate Mogul
After being released from prison, Gilbert was forbidden from the securities market. He moved to New Mexico in 1989 and started the BGK Group in 1991 along with Ed Berman and Fred Kolber to profit from investing in real estate. By the early 1990s, commercial real estate prices had collapsed from their levels in the 1980s, in part because of the fallout from the Savings and Loan crisis.Gilbert, of course, was the deal maker for BGK. He scoured the market for underpriced office buildings and made an offer for them. If the offer was accepted, Gilbert put together a limited partnership to raise money from investors. Gilbert negotiated the pay back to the investors to maximize the return up front. Gilbert made sure that investors always got a 20% return in their first year, whether the funds came from profits or from the investors' own capital. When BGK sold the property, the company would return all the capital to investors, and keep half of the profits for themselves.
For example, BGK bought an Albuquerque, New Mexico shopping center (Plaza at Paseo del Norte) for $5.9 million in 1993. BGK raised $1.8 million and borrowed $4.3 million. The property was sold in 1998 for $17.8 million, netting a $11.4 million profit split between BGK and investors. This and other properties were bought on leverage with BGK usually borrowing around 75% of the purchase price. This time, the leverage did not blow up in Gilbert's face.
In 2010, Gilbert cashed out when BGK sold a majority stake to Rosemont Capital. Gilbert died a multi-millionaire.
It is a tribute to Gilbert that he never gave up, and though he was forbidden from dealing in securities after the Conrac conviction, he was able to succeed in real estate even more than he had in the stock market. Was Gilbert a criminal, or the victim of zealous prosecutors? Was he a great salesman and a financial genius who could make money wherever he went, or did he manipulate markets in his favor?
Gilbert kept his word and repaid all his debts. Most people would have given up after what Gilbert went through, but he persevered and finally ended up on top. Eddie Gilbert wasn't just the "boy wonder of Wall Street," but he was a wonder all around.


text: I created this album using Marion Smith's gorgeous Romance Novel Collection by Prima! This album was made for a special person on her special birthday! It was fun to create. I used envelopes to create this album and made my own binding. I decorated it with elements from the paper collection and embellishments including mini clothespins, flowers, clips and seam binding!


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After much consideration of the many, many suggestions locals gave Council for a name for our new green cleaning machine (which is already out and about through the shopping strips), we've come to a decision. A few people suggested 'Hoover' for the well known cleaner and a word that has entered our vocabularies as a synonym for cleaning up or collecting. Like Shrek, Hoover is a brand name and we don't want copyright infringements. So, what we're going with is – "Oova – the Remoova". I know it's not correct English but names of people and machines don't have to follow exactly the Queen's English. A close second was "Kasper" after the youngest ever rider of our green machine but then too we could have had copyright problems. We also liked "Envi-ron" as a nice play on words but in the end it's Oova – the remoova. Thanks everyone for being part of the fun we had in getting the name.
Sep 19, 2011
Green Machine Gets a Name
Posted by Ron Hoenig MP at 5:19 PM
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God is supposed to have the glory
He is the one whom is glorious and worthy of glory
It isn't supposed to be us or the earth that gets the praise for being glorious on our own. This passage says the builder of the house has more glory than the house itself. For us it means we are the house and the builder (God) is to receive the glory for His craftsmanship in us.
Christ himself is he who will keep us, he is faithful. There is no disputing His faithfulness, it is ours which fluctuates
These facts are true. But I'm struggling at grasping the meaning of the passage and how it is meant to help me abide in Christ.
I suppose for me in current situation that it isn't about me. It is about jesus. I could very easily slip into a price filled lifestyle. But I don't want to. Haughty people bother me – so I don't want to be the one who steals the glory from God.
It is Jesus who has provided everything I have ever needed, everything I ever will. Including physical needs, work skills, knowledge, wisdom, relationship skills, breathe in my kungs, full functioning body, the car I drive, the job I work at, I could keep going. But the point is – I have nothing to my name. It all belongs to Jesus.
He is the builder of this house (me) and the house never owns anything. It merely is a vessel that it is kept in. The belongings inside are under the ownership of the builder and owner of the house. He is the builder of me and he owns me. He died for me. I owe him my life.
This may not be what this passage is meant to convey but it is a reminder to me that it is about Jesus and the glory is His. The glory should never stay with me. It should shine off of me because of the time and the honor I give him but it never comes from anything I've done.
When you spend time with Jesus then you will shine like Jesus. Moses' shone after spending time with God. That is what we are supposed to do. Shine from our time with Jesus!
Shine because of Jesus; from your time and for His glory.


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Are you going out of town this holiday season? So many people across the country are preparing their suitcases and overnight bags for a relaxing weekend visiting family. As technology has changed, we end up sharing information differently with our friends and loved ones. Specifically, social media has had a major integration with our daily lives. It's an easy way to share plans and thoughts with a large group of people all at once. Unfortunately, this seemingly harmless plan-sharing platform can have a dark side. The last thing you could ever want upon finishing a fun family vacation over the holidays is to come home to your house in ruins with all your expensive electronics and personal belongings stolen or violated. According to a study:
" 15% of American publicize their travel plans on social media "
Burglars looking for easy targets will sometimes peruse social media outlets in order to see who's staying in this season… and who's leaving their homes empty and vulnerable. For this reason it is important to arm your home security system every time you leave the house. Maybe you've heard about burglars keeping tabs on social media and think it's just a paranoid tall-tale. It actually happens, so beware of the over-share! It's highly likely for a burglar to use social medias for selecting a potential target. In this post, we'll explain how burglars go about targeting you on social media and what you can to to prevent this from happening to you!
Why Social Media?
In the past, burglars have made use of obituaries in order to take advantage of grieving families attending funerals. Now, there is a new trend: targeting people who post travel plans on social media. We've all seen the posting on Facebook: A friend at the airport, family visiting, location accuracy and checking-in to places around town. She posts a selfie and one of her kids, all bundled up for a winter vacation, bags packed and ready to go. Unfortunately, more people might reach this information that you might intend. Burglars turn to Facebook, Twitter and Foursquare. With the rise of social media, burglars now have access to specific information regarding homeowners than ever before. With technology such as Google Street View, tech-savvy thieves can case out likely-looking homes in complete safety.
How Do Burglars Use Social Media?
Social media can tell burglars important information that makes their "job" much easier. A few advanced searches on Facebook and Twitter can be tailored to target groups of people who are likely to be out of the country. For example, those checking into airport lounges on foursquare. These searches can be saved and checked periodically for new targets. Just a post or two can tell someone:
- What you have – what kind of device you're using, whether it's mobile or not
- Where you live – with current location, check-ins, and approximate placement accuracy
- How long you're likely to be away from home
Locating Where You Are
Facebook has an "open graph" search. This search will allow unprecedented levels of targeting for potential burglars, especially for users with public or open profiles. Social media platforms are increasingly showing where the user has posted from by tagging where a post was made with coordinates. If they know where you live, and they know where you are, they know when you're house is empty and likely to be welcoming a burglar.
What Can You Do About It?
Here are some tips to consider when posting on social media:
- Consider taking a break from social media when you're on vacation. You can always upload photos after the trip
- Avoid announcing that you're going to be in another country/state/city for the next few week (we know it's tempting)
- Post photos after the trip, not during.
- Avoid automatically sharing location information
- Don't ever share your address
- Consider sharing information with friends and not with the public or "friends of friends"
- Evaluate the information you share on your social media accounts, especially your profile data
- If you put yourself in a burglars shoes, would you be able to stalk yourself?
Even after implementing these preventative measures, you can never be sure of how secure your home is without a home security system. Consider defending your property with a home security system from Protect America. Protect America provides free equipment, DIY installation, and a lifetime warranty on all products with purchase of monthly monitoring. We are driven to provide only the highest quality products and dedicated service at an affordable price. Defend your home and your wallet with Protect America.


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Loius decides to clean his life up and starts running with his brother, Pete.
Louis places second in the qualifier in New York by less than a hundredth of a second. He gets too run in the 1936 Berlin Olympic Gmaes.
Louis places 8th in the 5,000 meter run. His last lap was the fastest lap of the entire olympic games in the 5,000 meter run at 56 seconds.
After purposfully failling his first physical, Louis returns a few days later on th 29th to pass the physical and enlist.
While in training in Texas, Louis is in the theater at the military base when the theater lights are turned on and he commaded to return to the barracks because Japan had bombed Pearl Harbor.
Mid to late August, Phil, Louis, and the rest of the crew are assigned a B-24D that would soon become "Super Man"
After leaving Ephrata and going to Sioux City, they are transfered to Hamilton Airfield.
The crew was ordered to fly to Oahu's Hickman Field
"Super Man" returns from a mission with 594 holes in it. This would be the last mission for "Super Man".
Louis runs his fastest mile yet. The same day, he would be assigned to "Green Hornet" and would crash in the Pacific starting his harsh journey.
Louis, Mac, and Phil are the only survivors of the crash.
A Japanese Bomber finds Louis, Phil, and Mac in their raft and makes four passes, shooting at them with machine guns. No one is injured.
Mac dies and Louis and Phil wrap him, give a little eulogy, and drop him in the ocean.
Louis and Phil are captured by a Japanese Vessel after 47 days on the raft floating over 2,000 miles. When they left Oahu, Louis weighed 155 pounds and Phil weighed 150 pounds. When they were weighed on the Japanese boat, Louis weighed 87 pounds and Phil weighed 80 pounds.
Louis and Phil are transfered from Kwajalein to Yokohama, Japan. In Yokohama, they would be put in Ofuna POW Camp.
Louis is transfered to Omori POW camp where he meets Mutsuhiro Watanabe a.k.a The Bird who will torment Louis day in and day out physically and mentally even after the war is over.
Louis sends a message on a Tokyo Radio Station that is heard by a friend of the Zamperinis, Lynn Moody, who lives in San Francisco and he informs the Zamperinis that Louis is indeed alive.
Louis and some friends are transferred from Omori, where The Bird had just left, to Naoetsu, where Louis will discover The Bird had also been transferred to as well.
Between these dates, Louis landed at Long Beach Airport where his family was waiting for him.
Around March 18th, He meets Cynthia at a bar.
Sometime in August of 1946, Louis and Cynthia get married.
The Bird is declared dead although later in 1948, The Bird's mom claims that she sees her son.
Louis plans to kill The Bird because he doesn't know that he has already been declared dead although no one know that he really isn't dead and Louis becomes a raging alcoholic.
Louis has a dream that he is fighting the Bird and begins strangling him. When Louis hears screams it wakes him up and he realizes that he is on top of his wife strangling her.
Louis attends Billy Graham's sermon and it changes Louis' life and Louis remembers the promise he made to God on the raft in the ocean. He then returns home and pours all of his liquor down the kitchen sink. For the first time in five years, The Bird hadn't haunted Louis' dreams and he never would again.
Louis visits Sugamo Prison where all of his prison guards were being held. Louis went not to get revenge but to forgive and talk to the guards as he was now a christian speaker. Before he leaves he hugs and forgives all of his previous guards from all of the camps he was in.


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Stop by for a cold drink and some good eats!
Our Lounge is located on the second floor of the complex and has viewing of both the curling rink and the Blue arena.
Lounge Hours:
Monday thru Thursday: 5:30 – close
Fridays: 5 p.m. – close
Saturdays & Sundays: 2 p.m. – close


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So oh my goodness, see for them being such simple and boring Pokemon to paint they caused me endless problems! Well actually is was the polishes I used but still. My white is basically finished, there's barely anything left and what is is super gloopy and can't be revived any further. The red is also in the same condition so ended up stringing bits of polish everywhere when I took my brush away. Grrr! Hence the blotchy, gloopy look to the whole thing. Even my black was acting up, it was applying really thinly so the outlines are noticeably patchy. Electrode's grin just makes him look goofy rather than menacing.
Wait a minute! A Pokemon post midweek, what?! I'm actually on holiday right now so had to schedule posts.


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Once a repair job is completed, it has to last. And last and last and last. This is why it becomes essential for walk-in cooler repair florida services to put its stamp of a guarantee on the work that is carried out. The replacement parts that may have had to be installed are generally also placed under guarantee. Commercial kitchen equipment cannot be allowed to break down this easily. Even so, it will still be subjected to wear and tear, given that it is being used so extensively.
Repair technicians undertake to pay careful attention to all the details. Commercial kitchen equipment will always require appropriate care and maintenance. This makes sure that they are always able to perform at peak. All refrigerators, coolers and freezers will always be prone to wear and tear. Parts and components like compressors and gaskets will always break down. And they need to be replaced.
Break downs like these are always going to impact on a unit's ability to perform efficiently. It is going to have an effect on its lifespan too. Through regular maintenance schedules, technicians are able to diagnose and solve most issues before they ever need to become major. There is no need for periodic downtimes which certainly effect the ebb and flow of production and service delivery cycles.
It is not always necessary to replace an aged refrigeration infrastructure in its entirety. Instead, astute technicians can simply get down to rebuilding an existing system, getting it back to a state as close as possible to what it was like when first used. Unexpected breakdowns and accidents could always occur. And to this end, technicians are spot on in availing themselves to commercial customers on short notice, seven days a week.


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There is no value in paying out so a lot power in emotions once that identical vitality may perhaps speed you into that new job. Try out some of the larger/more preferred sites 1st to get a sense for the assortment and type of jobs (or job search services) they supply. For some job seekers, paying out hours attempting to send out resumes will probably develop into a bothersome activity.
Do you opt for to work for a special home business? If so, you could too do a search with that company name. The reduce the Alexa rating wide range, the further widely used the site. For illustration, an Alexa rating of ten suggests site is the tenth most visited site on the web. There are numerous authorities businesses that have web sites that are designed to guidance you find work. Have you gone to the businesses website and discovered roughly them. Is there anything at all about that internet business that you may well get excited around?
As a hiring supervisor, I've asked my Human Resources Department to make use of plenty of the significant, widely used online job sites and I master they may perhaps deliver numerous capable applicants fast. Typically, these sites possess the newest and precise job information as they are taken care of instantly by the employer. The Internet includes made it potential for online job seekers to get advantage of a service identified as resume blasting which basically sends out hundreds of copies of your resume right to companies that are hiring. For que es el trabajo | trabajar


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Kurtz Named Joan N. Huber Faculty Fellow
Mershon affiliate Marcus Kurtz, professor of political science, was selected as Joan N. Huber Faculty Fellow for 2016 in recognition of his scholarship. The award is given in honor of emeritus professor Joan Huber, who served as dean of the Social and Behavioral Sciences from 1984 to 1992 and as Ohio State's senior vice president for academic affairs and provost until her retirement in 1993.
Kurtz's research focuses on comparative politics, democratization, political economy and development, with a focus on Latin America. In 2014-15, he received a grant from the Mershon Center for "Property Rights, Political Conflict, and Economic Development."
His most recent book, Latin American State Building in Comparative Perspective: Social Foundations of Institutional Order(Cambridge University Press, 2013), provides an account of long-run institutional development in Latin America that emphasizes the social and political foundations of state-building processes. It has been described as a "landmark contribution to the study of state building in Latin America."
Kurtz is also author of Free Market Democracy and the Chilean and Mexican Countryside (Cambridge University Press, 2004) selected as a Choice Outstanding Academic Title. His articles have appeared in International Organization, Comparative Political Studies, Politics & Society, Journal of Politics, American Journal of Political Science, and Comparative Politics.
Other research examines the causes and consequences of differing strategies of international economic integration in Latin America, the role of the state in economic development, the cross-national measurement of state capability or governance, the relationship between natural resource wealth and political regime, as well as the effects of free market developmental strategies on the problem of democratic consolidation.
Kurtz is on the editorial board of Politics & Society and Latin American Politics and Society. He won Ohio State's Alumni Award for Distinguished Teaching in 2007. He is currently coordinator for the Comparative Politics Research Workshop in the Department of Political Science.
Mershon affiliates previously named as Joan N. Huber Faculty Fellows include Bruce Weinberg (2015), Randy Schweller (2012), Anthony Mughan (2008), Richard Herrmann (2007), and J. Craig Jenkins (2003).


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Come to this year's Annual Summer Concert celebrating Hammersmith and Fulham's young talent! All Music House for Children's pupils are encouraged to share their achievements at a concert with family, friends and comrades. Our concerts are creative milestones, sharing musical, communicative and independent outcomes with teachers and parents. Performances help to develop overall skills in musical accomplishment, as well as developing self-believe and creative independence.
1:1 Lesson pupils will perform between 10am and 11.30 pm
Group Lesson pupils will perform between 12pm and 1.30 pm
To register children 5 years and over to perform in the Summer Concert, please get in touch with us on firstname.lastname@example.com for children in group music lessons and email@example.com for children in 1:1 music lessons. Music House for Children's adult students are more than welcome to perform too!


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Socialist League Vpered ("Forward"), a Russian political party
Avante! ("Forward!"), publication of the Portuguese Communist Party
Avanti! (Italian newspaper) ("Forward!"), publication of the Italian Socialist Party
Eteenpäin ("Forward"), Communist Party USA Finnish-language newspaper in the United States
Forward Magazine, a Syrian English-language news magazine
Új Előre ("New Forward"), a Communist Hungarian-language newspaper in the United States
Vorwärts ("Forward"), publication of the Social Democratic Party of Germany
Vorwärts! ("Forward!"), published from Paris in 1844, in support of Communism
Information: Courtesy Wikipedia
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The Advanced Workshop Topics will now be offered online and are accessible 24/7. Choose the topics relevant to your practice and view them at your convenience day or night. Available at spduniversity.spdstar.org. The Basic Workshop is a prerequisite for purchasing Online Advanced Topics.
The SOS (Sequential Oral Sensory)
Approach to Feeding
When Children Won't Eat: Picky Eaters vs.
Problem Feeders
Kay A. Toomey, PhD
Pediatric Psychologist
The Sequential Oral Sensory (S.O.S) Approach to Feeding course is a trans-disciplinary program for assessing and treating children with feeding difficulties and weight/growth problems from birth to 18 years. It integrates posture, sensory, motor, behavioral/learning, medical, and nutritional factors to comprehensively evaluate and manage children with feeding/growth problems.
The 4-day Basic Conference is designed for babies, toddlers and small children. Other ages and special populations are covered in the online SOS Advanced Workshops.
SOS Advanced Workshop topics are designed to further the skills of professionals who have already attended a 3-day or 4-day Basic SOS Approach to Feeding Course. The Advanced Workshops delineate special concepts and treatment variations for specific feeding problems. Please visit www.sosapproach-conferences.com or contact the SOS Approach to Feeding Team directly for information on purchasing the SOS Advanced Workshops.
This presentation will focus exclusively on the SOS Approach to Feeding program and will not include information on other similar or related programs.
2020 Dates and Locations
Phoenix, Arizona
Basic 4-day course: December 3-6, 2020
AOTA and ASHA Continuing Education credit awarded:
28.5 Hours (2.85 CEUs)
Click below for complete details:
Continuing Education
This course is offered for 2.85 ASHA CEUs (Intermediate Level, Professional content area). This course will focus on treatment using the SOS Approach to Feeding and will not discuss other similar or related treatments.
Not available for partial credit
STAR Institute for Sensory Processing Disorder is an AOTA Approved Provider of Continuing Education. The assignment of AOTA CEUs does not imply endorsement of specific course content, products, or clinical procedures by AOTA.
AOTA continuing education credit awarded: 28.5 hours (2.85 CEUs)
Terms and Conditions
Once registered, please ensure to make arrangements for travel and transportation that will allow you to stay until 5:00pm each day and until 3:15pm on the last day.
Dr. Kay A. Toomey is a Pediatric Psychologist who has worked with children who don't eat for almost 30 years. She has developed the SOS Approach to Feeding as a family centered program for assessing and treating children with feeding problems. Dr. Toomey speaks nationally and internationally about her approach. She also acts as a consultant to Gerber Products. Dr. Toomey helped to form The Children's Hospital – Denver's Pediatric Oral Feeding Clinic, as well as the Rose Medical Center's Pediatric Feeding Center. Dr. Toomey co-chaired the Pediatric Therapy Services Department at Rose Medical Center prior to entering private practice. Dr. Toomey acted as the Clinical Director for Toomey & Associates, Inc.'s Feeding Clinic for six years and SOS Feeding Solutions at STAR Institute for eight years. Dr. Toomey is currently the President of Toomey & Associates, Inc., and acts as a Clinical Consultant to the Feeding Clinic at STAR Institute.
Dr. Erin Sundseth Ross is a Speech Pathologist with a Doctoral degree in Clinical Sciences – Health Services Research. She completed a two-year post-doctoral training in the Section of Nutrition and is a Clinical Instructor in the School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, at the University of Colorado Denver. Dr. Ross has over 25 years of experience working in the NICU within several HealthONE hospitals, and with children when she was at the SOS Feeding Solutions clinic in Denver, Colorado. Dr. Ross is the creator of the SOFFI Method, a feeding program for use in the NICU. She has specialized in the development of feeding skills, and the etiology and treatment of feeding and growth problems in infants and very young children from initial hospitalization through the first 5 years of life.
Bethany CF Kortsha, MA, OTR/L received her Masters of Arts degree in Occupational Therapy from The College of Saint Catherine in St. Paul, Minnesota. She completed her Master's thesis on Autism and feeding challenges using the SOS Approach to Feeding. Bethany has worked as a Pediatric Feeding Specialist and the Assistant Director of SOS Feeding Solutions at the STAR Institute for Sensory Processing Disorder with Dr. Lucy Jane Miller and as a member on a Multidisciplinary team in a day treatment clinic for children with Autism Spectrum Disorders, SPD, emotional/behavioral disorders, and feeding problems. Bethany is currently the Director of Clinical Development for Toomey & Associates, Inc. In addition to her specialty in Feeding, Bethany has completed the STAR Institute's Intensive Mentorship Program and is a certified DIR Floortime Provider.
Kelly Fitzpatrick, CCC-SLP received her Master of Arts degree in Communication Sciences and Disorders from The University of Memphis. She currently works as a Pediatric Specialist and Speech Pathologist for Rocky Mountain Human Services. She specializes in feeding difficulties in children 0-5 years old and those who are G-tube dependent. Prior to her position with RMHS, Kelly acted as the Assistant Clinical Director of SOS Feeding Solutions at the STAR Institute for Sensory Processing Disorder with Dr. Lucy Jane Miller. Kelly began her career in a pediatric outpatient hospital setting using the SOS Approach to Feeding program. Kelly has also completed the STAR Institute's Intensive Mentorship Program and is a certified DIR Floortime Provider.
Lindsay Beckerman, MOT, OTR/L - received her Master of Occupational Therapy degree from Ohio State University. She currently works in a private practice with children, teens, and adults with feeding challenges in their home and community as well as Developmental FX, a non-profit clinic supporting children with a wide variety of developmental needs. Prior to this, she worked as a Pediatric Feeding Specialist at SOS Feeding Solutions at the STAR Institute with Dr. Lucy Jane Miller. She specializes in feeding difficulties in atypical learners, including children and teens with Autism Spectrum Disorders, ADHD, and multisensory processing difficulties. Lindsay has also worked as a member of a multidisciplinary team with Autism Spectrum Disorders, SPD, emotional/behavioral disorders and feeding problems. Lindsay has completed the STAR Institute's Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 Intensive Mentorship Programs and is a certified DIR Floortime Provider. Lindsay also serves as a board member for Charlotte's Day, a non-profit group that helps to provide posturally supportive chairs to children in feeding therapy.
Deborah Lagerborg, CCC-SLP received her Masters in Speech Language Pathology from the University of Northern Colorado in Greeley. During her graduate studies, she focused on feeding disorders and dysphagia in infants and children. Deborah currently works as a Pediatric Feeding Specialist and Speech Pathologist for Developmental Disabilities Resource Center. Prior to this position, Deborah worked at a Pediatric Feeding Specialist at SOS Feeding Solutions at STAR Institute. Deborah began her career in a pediatric outpatient hospital setting, working primarily with infants and children with feeding disorders. She also spent time working in the NICU as part of a multidisciplinary team, supporting premature infant development and early feeding experiences. Deborah's passion is to work with the families, empowering parents to support their own child's development and success.
SOS Approach to Feeding Faculty Disclosures
STAR Institute Complaint Policy


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Marco Djuricin leaves for Grasshoppers
Permanent move confirmed after year loan in Zurich
Marco Djuricin is leaving FC Red Bull Salzburg and signing a two-year contract with swiss top division side Grasshopper Club Zürich.
The 25-year-old striker joined us in 2015, and in his first year with us made 21 appearances and scored six goals. He then went on loan to Brentford and Ferencvaros Budapest, before Djuricin moved to Zurich last season on loan.


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Some trailblazing artists may not live long enough to see their imaginations become reality, but their innovative ideas are immortalized in their work. Such is the case with Jules Verne, the 19th-century French writer, who to this day still fascinates readers throughout the globe with his adventure stories. Verne is considered by many literary critics as the forerunner of the science fiction genre. In his books he talks about machines and technology that were only invented long after his death—such as the videophone and journeying to the moon.
Verne was born in 1828, in the port city of Nantes, France. It was probably from living by the sea and watching ships come and go that Verne got his first inspirations to write about long ocean voyages to remote places. He spent his childhood and youth in Nantes then moved to Paris to go to law school. He finished his course in 1850 but when he got to the French capital he discovered the world of theater and realized that this is what he wanted to do—so his first literary works were plays, such as 1852's Blind Man's Bluff.
It was not until Five Weeks in a Balloon, published in 1863, that the author started to approach the genre he would become famous for. In the book he tells a story about a balloon trip to Africa with such precise detail and vivid description, that it lead readers to think Verne had actually journeyed there himself. But he had never traveled by balloon and neither had he gone to the African continent, it was just an example of his inventive mind, his lucid writing, and his extensive research carried out at Parisian libraries.
Following that came the more popular A Journey to the Center of the Earth (1864), Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea (1870), and Around the World in Eighty Days (1872). In these three stories, the adventure—almost like a recurring character itself and featured in most of his works—is present and the narrative immerses the reader in fantastic scenarios, suggesting technological wonders that were still very far from becoming a reality. In this respect he could be looked at as a visionary, or at least someone who would've been uploading design fiction videos to Vimeo had he lived in our own age. As it was, most of his fictional inventions would only take shape in the 20th century, long after his death in 1905, in Amiens, France.
One of them is the Nautilus submarine, led by Capitan Nemo, from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea (and which would appear again in 1874's The Mysterious Island). Though in the 19th century submersible vessels were starting to loom, Verne's version was powered by electricity from sodium and mercury batteries extracted from seawater. The operation of this submarine model engendered by the author looks much more like Alvin, a US Marine submarine version built in 1964, almost a century later.
Another quite premonitory invention was the projectiles that could break gravity, described in 1865's From the Earth to the Moon, which would make it possible to transport passengers to the moon. The explanation he offers about how those projectiles work is not very different from the lunar module used in 1968, when that deed was finally accomplished.
1954's Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea Trailer.
A Journey to the Center of the Earth's 2008 version.
Besides being known around the world for his novels, many of the writer's books were adapted to film. In the 1950s, A Journey to the Center of the Earth became a movie and more recently, in 2008, it got a new version directed by Eric Brevig, starring Brendan Fraser and Seth Meyers. Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea became famous in an adaptation produced by Disney studios in 1954 and Around the World in Eighty Days's feature film version was released in 2004, featuring Jackie Chan. And, if you're a UK child of the 80s, you'll have fond memories of the cartoon Around the World with Willy Fog, especially the intro, which featured anthropomorphic animals in the starring roles.
The books' success helps us understand why the writer's works are among the most translated ones in the history of literature: they were adapted to 148 countries. Which makes him the world's second most translated author, behind Agatha Christie. For his relevance his work was paid tribute to last year by Google in the day he would've turned 103 years old. The site's logo (above) was replaced by a series of portholes where fish and sea creatures would pass by in allusion to Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea. A privilege that only someone considered the father of science fiction could have.


text: Galactic Conquest: Renascere Oct 12, 2014 16:58:43 GMT -6 Select PostDeselect PostLink to PostMemberGive GiftBack to Top Post by conmann35 on Oct 12, 2014 16:58:43 GMT -6 -- Corrundian prototype wakeship Telaya ---- The Bridge --(once more, written from the viewpoint of Tarus Emerius)With all preliminary tests of the ship's systems completed, I pondered for a moment once more regarding what I was about to order the men to do. Our heading was locked in, the drive charged, and potential interference was minimal...." Start up the wake engines. Let's do this..."Helm and Engineering were more than quick enough to oblige. I honestly expected more turbulence as we started cracking into the abyss of hyperspace and on our way to another solar system. That being, of course, if the calculations by the number crunchers were accurate enough.


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The elementalist is a highly specialized mage. Sacraficing the traditional
tools of the trade, the elementalist has access to a handful of clerical
spells, and an entire arsenal of new spells. Like druids, Elementalists
grow in power as they age, their spells begin to have new effects and
more devestating results. Their combat skills are marginal, but it is more
than made up for by a an impressive command of the world's natural forces.
'Element Earth' 'Element Air' 'Element Fire' 'Element Water' 'Element Spirit' 'Element Energy'
page revision: 0, last edited: 23 Jan 2014 10:32


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Top 13 JavaScript and CSS Libraries for July 2018
Shave is a zero dependency javascript plugin that truncates multi-line text to fit within an HTML element based on a set max-height. It then stores the diff of the original text string in a hidden <span> element following the visible text. This means the original text remains intact!
DataTables is a plug-in for the jQuery Javascript library. It is a highly flexible tool, build upon the foundations of progressive enhancement, that adds all of these advanced features to any HTML table.
It's built on JavaScript but it also relies heavily on CSS animations. You can target individual page elements via the DOM or you can even target custom SVGs.
Gatsby.js builds the fastest possible website. Instead of waiting to generate pages when requested, pre-build pages and lift them into a global cloud of servers — ready to be delivered instantly to your users wherever they are.
A great looking open-source icon set that consists of more than 400 icons. You can style the icons(change size, add border and animation, rotate and flip) by using custom classes. There is a wide variety of icons in this set, and you will most probably find the ones you need or your website.
Fast interactive watch mode runs only test files related to changed files and is optimized to give signal quickly.
Web Maker is an offline playground for front-end experiments. It has a built-in console, offers an easy way to add JS and CSS libraries and supports HTML, CSS and JavaScript preprocessors. It allows you to Import and Export your projects, and you can share your project in CodePen with a single click.
It is a simple 1.2 KB modal dialog with no external dependencies. Bootstrap and Animate.css friendly, supports CommonJS, AMD or globals.
Sprite.js is a framework that lets you create animations and games using sprites in an efficient way. The goal is to allow a common framework for desktop and mobile browsers and use the latest technology available on each platform. Sprite.js is tested on WebKit, Firefox, Android phones, Opera and IE9.
Repaintless.css in a lightweight animation library that consists only of animations that don't cause reflows and repaints
Cirrus.js is a charts library, open sourced by Planet OS, based on a datavis pipeline going from data space to graphics space.
Polly taps into native browser APIs to mock requests and responses with little to no configuration while giving you the ability to take full control of each request with a simple, powerful, and intuitive API.
© 2020 www.focusoncode.com


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It's almost been a month since we've been in Florida, and I'm excited and happy to report that WE LOVE IT!!
I'm so glad we decided to make this move. Not only is it beautiful, but the quality of life is better. I can't wait to move into our permanent housing to have my own things, and get back to "normal". Step 1: 24 day challenge. I can not wait!!


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LOS ANGELES, CA – 18 Sep, 2017 – Thomas Vincent Girardi, Attorney and Founding Partner of Girardi & Keese, was recently selected as the "Lawyer of the Decade" for 2018 by the International Association of Top Professionals (IAOTP), for his outstanding leadership, dedication and commitment to the legal profession.
While inclusion with the International Association of Top Professionals is an honor in itself, only 1 Man is chosen for this distinction. Mr. Girardi will be presented with the Crystal Tower at the 2017 IAOTP's Annual Award Gala being held at the Ritz Carlton in Battery Park, New York City: www.iaotp.com/award-gala
Mr. Girardi is being recognized as "Lawyer of the Decade" for his 50 years of service as a practicing attorney, his endless list of professional accomplishments, academic achievements, leadership abilities, his dynamic and charismatic personality and his contribution to society. Stephanie Cirami, President of IAOTP states that "choosing Mr. Girardi for this award was an easy decision for our panel to make. He is hands down one of the best trial lawyers of all time and he continues to wow us and the public every step of the way with his career achievements. There is no one in the world like Tom. His continued support and generosity has a significant impact on people's lives and he leaves his mark on whomever or whatever he is involved with. He is an extraordinary human being and a one of a kind successful, brilliant, gracious, charming man who couldn't be more deserving of this award. We cannot thank him enough for what he has done for the organization and we are so honored to have him with us. We cannot wait to spend time with him during his NY stay for the Award Gala."
Thomas Vincent Girardi has certainly proved himself as an accomplished professional and expert litigator who has become a household name. From being the trial lawyer on the famous Erin Brockovich case to his solid victories against Vioxx, Merck and the Los Angeles Dodgers, Mr. Girardi is regarded by his peers as one of the nation's top trial lawyers of all time. He has obtained more than 30 verdicts of $1 million or more and has handled more than 100 settlements of $1 million or more. He has tried more than 100 jury cases, winning the first California medical malpractice verdict of $1 million or more, back in the 1970s and he has had a few billion dollar settlements under his belt. His areas of practice include Wrongful Death, Commercial Litigation, Products Liability, Bad Faith Insurance and Toxic Torts.
Mr. Girardi attended Loyola Law School and graduated in 1964. He then enrolled in a master's program at NYU receiving his LLM in 1965. In addition to running the firm, he has also been an Associate Professor at Loyola Law School from 1976 to the Present and was recipient of the "Distinguished Alumnus Award in 1997 and in 2005 named "Champion of Justice" from the law school.
Throughout his illustrious career, Thomas Vincent Girardi has been active in his community, received numerous awards, accolades and recognized worldwide for his outstanding leadership and commitment to the legal profession. He has been featured in numerous publications and magazines and will be featured on the front cover of the First International Edition of TIP (Top Industry Professionals) Magazine which will be out January of 2018 and distributed to the most prestigious professionals all around the world. In 2003, he received the most prestigious honor of being inducted into the Trial Lawyer Hall of Fame by the California State Bar. Mr. Girardi is also the first trial lawyer to be appointed to the California Judicial Council, the policymaking body of the state courts. From 2006 to the present Mr. Girardi is a radio show host called "Champions of Justice" on KRLA 870AM in Southern California, which is a radio show that discusses relevant legal issues facing Americans today. He has been featured in Lawdragon Magazine, Los Angeles Daily Journal, The National Law Journal, ICE Magazine, Texas Bar Journal, California Law Business, and New Times Los Angeles, just to name a few. Mr. Girardi is a Member of the Board of Directors and former President of the prestigious International Academy of Trial Lawyers, an invitation-only worldwide organization, limited to 500 trial lawyers. He is President of the Litigation Counsel of America, member of the Inner Circle of Advocates, American Board of Professional Liability Lawyers, Consumer Attorneys of California, and the International Society of Barristers. He has an AV preeminent rating with Martindale Hubble and has been selected as "Top Attorney of the Year," "Top Attorney of the Month," "SuperLawyers", "Best Lawyers in America," "Top 100 Lawyers in California," "Trial Lawyer of the Year" with many organizations for multiple years in a row. For 2017 he was named Man of the Year and was also presented the "Citizen of the Year Award" by the International Association of Top Professionals where he was featured on the Thomas Reuters Building in Times Square numerous times throughout the year.
The International Association of Top Professionals are working on a film documentary on Mr. Girardi and have started filming and hope to have the documentary completed and released by this December.
For more information please visit: http://www.thomasvgirardi.com
Watch his video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MA-kbMkPSw
About IAOTP
The International Association of Top Professionals (IAOTP) is an international boutique networking organization who handpicks the world's finest, most prestigious top professionals from different industries. These top professionals are given an opportunity to collaborate, share their ideas, be keynote speakers and to help influence others in their fields. This organization is not a membership that anyone can join. You have to be asked by the President or be nominated by a distinguished honorary member after a brief interview.
IAOTP's experts have given thousands of top prestigious professionals around the world, the recognition and credibility that they deserve and have helped in building their branding empires. IAOTP prides itself to be a one of a kind boutique networking organization that hand picks only the best of the best and creates a networking platform that connects and brings these top professionals to one place.
For More information of IAOTP please visit www.iaotp.com
Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-MA-kbMkPSw
Media Contact
Company Name: IAOTP
Contact Person: Stephanie Cirami
Email: email@example.com
Phone: 212 634 4427
Country: United States
Website: www.iaotp.com


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7 ways to keep your mind active as you age
We used to think that memory lapses and slower thinking were an inevitable part of old age. But now we know it's possible to keep our minds sharp, by continuing to use our thinking 'muscle'.
Here are seven ways you can help delay dementia and Alzheimer's disease, and protect your brain from decline.
Experts think that learning new things keeps us in the habit of being mentally active. Challenging your brain with mental exercise is believed to activate processes that help maintain individual brain cells and stimulate communication among them.
Many people have jobs that keep them mentally active. When we retire, we need to keep that brain activity going by pursuing a hobby, learning a new skill, or volunteering for a role that involves doing something different.
If you don't need to use mental energy remembering where you laid your keys or the time of your granddaughter's birthday party, you'll have more brain space to concentrate on learning and remembering new and important things.
Take advantage of calendars, lists and diaries to keep routine information accessible. And create a special place at home for your glasses, purse, keys, and other items you use often – so you always know where they are.
When we read, you don't just absorb the information contained in the book, the act of reading itself builds connections within your brain, making it more versatile.
Today, there are also a number of e-readers – book alternatives – as well, like a Kindle, or even apps you can use on your tablet device). E-readers have access to libraries of hundreds of thousands of books, and you can quickly search, download and store books on one small unit. They have easily adjustable font size to make it comfortable for you to read from, and the screens often look like paper, without screen glare.
Some of the other great features of these devices are being able to bookmark pages or add notes and underline important points in the text. There's also an 'X-Ray' to remind you of the plot and list of characters that you are reading about. If you're interested, you can compare different e-readers here.
Whether it's a masterpiece or a doodle, simply creating a picture is an excellent workout for the brain. Picasso and Matisse both famously produced artwork right up to their deaths at the ripe old ages of 91 and 84. Importantly, both of them remained extremely sharp and lucid.
You can increase your mental capacity by challenging and stimulating your mind with puzzles. You'll find free puzzles like crosswords in newspapers, magazines and online.
Try the mental gymnastics needed to succeed at Sudoku – and don't worry if you aren't good at maths, sudoku is all about logic. It exercises your brain by getting you to think logically about which numbers need to go in which boxes. It may take an hour or two to correctly finish your first few puzzles. That's OK! This is a new way for your brain to work.
Music affects the brain profoundly, and has been linked to improved cognition and memory functioning. Music is structural, mathematical and architectural. It's based on relationships between one note and the next. You may not be aware of it, but your brain has to do a lot of computing to make sense of it. This is why, in his book Awakenings, neurologist Oliver Sacks wrote about the power of music as the most "profound nonchemical medication."
Research has shown that listening to music can reduce anxiety, blood pressure, and pain as well as improve sleep quality, mood, mental alertness, and memory.
Exercise changes the brain in ways that protect memory and thinking skills. It stimulates the release of chemicals in the brain that affect the health of brain cells, the growth of new blood vessels in the brain, and even the abundance and survival of new brain cells.
More indirectly, exercise improves mood and sleep, and reduces stress and anxiety – issues that are often the cause of cognitive impairment.
The good news is, it's never too late to start sharpening your brain. Just a few minutes a day on any of the above activities can help. Get going on a new mental workout today!
We'll talk through your situation and can advise on what we think your best option will be. Our advice is free and always puts your needs front and centre.1300 761 577
You might also like: 8 ways for seniors to keep connected with the community


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Once a fan, Counsell now Molitor's peer
MINNEAPOLIS -- Craig Counsell and Paul Molitor's relationship has taken many forms throughout the years.
As a kid, Counsell looked up to Molitor, an All-Star in Milwaukee. As time passed, they became peers.
This weekend, they're adversaries, managing against each other for the first time as the Brewers take on the Twins in Minneapolis.
Video: Counsell discusses sending Cravy down to Minors
"Somebody you know as a kid, somebody you looked up to as a kid, there's always a little different feeling, but we're adults now. We're doing the same job," Counsell said.
Counsell's team got the best of Molitor's Friday, as the Brewers won, 10-5. Before the game, the two new managers had a chance to catch up.
"We're both new at this. He's got 30 games on me, I guess, and he's got more life experience. That's a nice way of saying it," Counsell said with a laugh. "But we just shared some good memories as much as anything."
Those memories started at a young age for Counsell. With his father working in the Brewers' organization, he had an inside track to the players. The two families lived close to each other, and Counsell's dad was close to Molitor.
"I was around him a lot in his youth," Molitor said. "He was one of those guys when he had the opportunity to hang with his dad at the ballpark, he was going to be there. He was around a lot."
Counsell eventually went off to college and had a professional career of his own, but his time in his youth around the Brewers clearly made an impression.
"If you grew up in Milwaukee in the '80s, then you loved Paul Molitor. You loved Robin Yount. You loved Jim Gantner," Counsell said. "If you were a baseball fan, those were your guys. Those were the jerseys you wore. Those were the people you imitated. There's no question about it."
Counsell sported Molitor's number -- four -- at times during his playing career.
And though their careers diverged for a while, they both found their way into managing.
Molitor's path was more traditional, spending time in other coaching positions before taking the helm in Minnesota this season.
Counsell, on the other hand, joined the Brewers' front office after his playing career and jumped from there to the bench just over a month ago after the Brewers dismissed Ron Roenicke.
"He's probably smart enough to serve in a lot of roles in this game, but he's settled in for the challenge of managing," Molitor said.
And though the two are in opposite dugouts this weekend, they've enjoyed the opportunity to reconnect.
"It's a fun weekend for you," Counsell said. "It's fun to get a chance to compete against a guy like that."


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School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
We are one of the top UK schools of Pharmacy with an international reputation for the quality of our research.
We are proud to be celebrating our first 100 years of teaching and research excellence. Our determination and commitment to enhance the profession, meet the changing healthcare needs of the population and improve patients' lives continues.


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Destinations such as USA, UK, Australia, Canada and Germany are the prime attractions for any student interested in pursuing a programme outside India. In addition, new countries - Singapore, Japan, France, Ireland, New Zealand are emerging as attractive destinations to pursue your study abroad dreams. But how do you know to apply for admission in these countries? Which are the best months to apply for a student visa?In this ebook on Study abroad admission timeline, Careers360 brings you the admission timeline for major study abroad destinations in the world- right from application dates to start of session.
Study abroad admission timeline


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Everyone deserves a place to call home.
Your donation to SCIHO helps to support housing stability for low-income residents in Bloomington/Monroe County, as well as communities in Brown, Greene, Lawrence, Morgan, and Owen Counties.
Thank you for helping to support #Housing4All in our community!
Help publish educational materials like the "Renting in Indiana" handbook that support housing stability for families.
Provide a free registration for a low-income renter at our tenant education series
Support an hour at reducing evictions the Housing & Eviction Resource Table
Help build a community garden for low-income renters to grow vegetables at Switchyard Apartments
Support our Housing4Hoosiers.org website and H4H Tenant/Landlord Education Series
Support the staff and materials needed for our Housing Navigators program
Click here if you would like to give a different amount than those suggested above:


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LCMS School Ministry is at LEA!
The LCMS School Ministry Office staff and others from the Office of National Mission (ONM) will be at the 2019 LEA Convocation in St. Louis, MO. Be sure to stop by the School Ministry booth (#617) throughout the week to connect with School Ministry and ONM staff and to pick up some great free giveaways! There are some fun activities planned as well, so be sure to follow us on our social media pages for updates and announcements. See you there!
Connect with LCMS School Ministry on Social Media
Visit the LEA Convocation Website