text:
Research on the dietary connection (see also Nasal Allergy and Polyps)
Asthma ... in the beginning
… as in so many other afflictions where the cause is not understood, parents seeking help for their children's asthma problems found themselves blamed for it.
A past president of the College of Allergists was actually quoted in the early 1960s as saying "One of the commonest types of juvenile asthma is caused by an overprotective, domineering mother … the best treatment is a 'parentectomy' — separating the child from his mother." ~ Allergy Quarterly, Vol. 25
We have come a long way since the 1960s
… in understanding asthma, and we have developed new treatments to control it, but we still don't know why this disease is continuing to increase in numbers and severity, or how to stop it. There are many things that can bring on an asthma attack in a sensitive individual. Cigarette smoke, pet dander, mold, mildew, pollen, perfumes, and other air-borne irritants can be to blame. So can milk or other foods, and even exercise and cold air. Some studies have even shown that excessive salt can cause a "spastic" condition in the smooth muscles resulting in asthma (as well as high blood pressure).
But there is a significant problem with the studies that seek out causes for asthma. They don't address the important fact that while many of the asthma triggers are ancient – after all, pets, mildew, and pollen have been around for a while – asthma has only increased dramatically over the past few decades. So, while there is no doubt that any or all of the above can bring about an attack in a sensitive person, they could not account for the sudden rise in occurrence and severity of asthma – especially when so many medical advances have been made in its treatment.
That leaves us to examine those triggers that are relatively new – factors that are found primarily in industrialized countries like the United States (where asthma is rampant) and things that were not in our lives until fairly recently, or that were not used in large quantity until recent years. This includes food additives, increased environmental use of fragrances, and increased exposure to synthetic chemicals of all types.
The Studies
The studies listed below are organized by date, with the most recent date first. Some of the full texts will need a password because they are kept in a locked file to protect their copyright. For educational purposes, we are allowed to share the password with you if you write to us.
If you are trying to find a particular author, see the Index below which lists all the primary authors alphabetically with their publication dates.
Author Index
- Abrishami 1977
- Andrews 2004
- Arai 1998
- Asmus 1999
- Asmus 2001
- Barnes 1998
- Businco 1995
- Ceserani 1978
- Chudwin 1986
- Corder 1995
- Dodson 2012
- Egger 1983
- Fasmer 2010
- Genton 1985
- Grzelewska-Rzymowska 1981
- Healy 2008
- Heiner 1984
- Hodge 1996
- Hodge 1996a
- Hong 1989
- Ishihara 1979
- Kurek 1996
- Lester 1995
- Lockey 1977
- Longo 1987
- Mathison 1985
- Miller 1982
- Nagakura 2000
- Nekam 1998
- Neuman 1978
- Niles 2000
- Pacor 1989
- Park 1991
- Petrus 1996
- Petrus 1997
- Sakakibara 1995
- Schapowal 1995
- Settipane 1975
- Settipane 1987
- Simon 1994
- Spector 1979
- Stenius 1976
- Timberlake 1992
- Towns 1984
- Vally 2000
- Vally 2002
- Vally 2009
- Van Bever 1989
- Warrington 1986
- Wuthrich 1981
- Yoneyama 2000
- Yusoff 2004
- Zheng 1999
Dodson 2012: Chemicals in consumer products
Endocrine disruptors and asthma-associated chemicals in consumer products, Dodson RE1, Nishioka M, Standley LJ, Perovich LJ, Brody JG, Rudel RA., Environmental Health Perspectives, 2012 Jul;120(7):935-43.
BACKGROUND: Laboratory and human studies raise concerns about endocrine disruption and asthma resulting from exposure to chemicals in consumer products. Limited labeling or testing information is available to evaluate products as exposure sources.
OBJECTIVES: We analytically quantified endocrine disruptors and asthma-related chemicals in a range of cosmetics, personal care products, cleaners, sunscreens, and vinyl products. We also evaluated whether product labels provide information that can be used to select products without these chemicals. …
CONCLUSIONS: Common products contain complex mixtures of EDCs and asthma-related compounds. Toxicological studies of these mixtures are needed to understand their biological activity. Regarding epidemiology, our findings raise concern about potential confounding from co-occurring chemicals and misclassification due to variability in product composition. Consumers should be able to avoid some target chemicals-synthetic fragrances, BPA, and regulated active ingredients-using purchasing criteria. More complete product labeling would enable consumers to avoid the rest of the target chemicals.
Fasmer 2010: Asthma & ADHD together
Comorbidity of Asthma With ADHD. Fasmer OB, Riise T, Eagan TM, Lund A, Dilsaver SC, Hundal O, Oedegaard KJ, Journal of Attention Disorders. 2010 Jun 23.
"Objective: To assess how frequently drugs used to treat asthma and ADHD are prescribed to the same patients. … There was a 65% increased overall risk (OR = 1.65) of being prescribed one of the drugs given a prescription of the other. Women had a markedly higher risk than men. When data for each age group (10 years interval) and each gender were analyzed separately, the strongest associations were found for women between 20 and 49 years of age and men between 30 and 49 years of age. Conclusion: These prescription patterns suggested a marked comorbidity between asthma and ADHD."
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Vally 2009: Diet helps sulfite sensitivity; doctors should be aware of sources.
Clinical effects of sulphite additives. Vally H, Misso NL, Madan V., Clinical and Experimental Allergy. 2009 Nov;39(11):1643-51. Epub 2009 Sep 22.
" Sulphites are widely used as preservative and antioxidant additives in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Topical, oral or parenteral exposure to sulphites has been reported to induce a range of adverse clinical effects in sensitive individuals, ranging from dermatitis, urticaria, flushing, hypotension, abdominal pain and diarrhoea to life-threatening anaphylactic and asthmatic reactions. Exposure to the sulphites arises mainly from the consumption of foods and drinks that contain these additives; however, exposure may also occur through the use of pharmaceutical products, as well as in occupational settings. . . To date, the mechanisms underlying sulphite sensitivity remain unclear, although a number of potential mechanisms have been proposed. Physicians should be aware of the range of clinical manifestations of sulphite sensitivity, as well as the potential sources of exposure. Minor modifications to diet or behaviour lead to excellent clinical outcomes for sulphite-sensitive individuals."
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Healy 2008: Case control study on salicylate-sensitive asthma & fish oil
Control of salicylate intolerance with fish oils. Healy E, Newell L, Howarth P, Friedmann PS., British Journal of Dermatology 2008 Dec;159(6):1368-9. Epub 2008 Sep 15.
"We report three patients with disabling salicylate-induced intolerance who experienced abrogation of symptoms following dietary supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). All three patients experienced severe urticaria, asthma requiring systemic steroid therapy and anaphylactic reactions. After dietary supplementation with 10 g daily of fish oils rich in omega-3 PUFAs for 6-8 weeks all three experienced complete or virtually complete resolution of symptoms allowing discontinuation of systemic corticosteroid therapy. Symptoms relapsed after dose reduction. Fish oil appears a safe and effective treatment for this difficult and often serious condition."
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Yusoff 2004: Study on egg-free milk-free diet for asthma
The effects of exclusion of dietary egg and milk in the management of asthmatic children: a pilot study. Yusoff NA, Hampton SM, Dickerson JW, Morgan JB., Journal of the Royal Society of Health 2004 Mar;124(2):74-80
" … The aim of this study was to examine the effects of excluding eggs and milk on the occurrence of symptoms in children with asthma and involved 22 children aged between three and 14 years clinically diagnosed as having mild to moderate disease. The investigation was single blind and prospective, and parents were given the option of volunteering to join the 'experiment' group, avoiding eggs, milk and their products for eight weeks, or the 'control' group, who consumed their customary food. … results suggest that even over the short time period of eight weeks, an egg- and milk-free diet can reduce atopic symptoms and improve lung function in asthmatic children. "
Note: Removing eggs and milk also removes most processed foods, commercially baked goods, etc. Is it the avoidance of eggs and milk or the reduction in additives that caused the improvement?
MedLine || Full Text || Get password
Andrews 2004: Kind of albuterol & hyperactivity
Impact of racemic albuterol compared to levalbuterol on objective measures of hyperactivity and inattentiveness in children with asthma. W. Andrews, M.H. Teicher, A. Polcari, M. Pankratrz The Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, 113(2), Suppl, S32 (Feb 2004)
"Levalbuterol (LEV) 0.63 mg produces clinically comparable bronchodilation compared with racemic albuterol (RAC) 2.5 mg, but with fewer beta-mediated side effects. Parents complain of increases in hyperactivity and restlessness following treatment with racemic albuterol … Attention and activity were measured using an FDA-approved test (McLean Motion and Attention Test) focused on two of the primary symptoms of ADHD, namely hyperactivity … RAC, but not LEV, resulted in a significant increase in heart rate … In this study, treatment with RAC 2.5 mg significantly increased objective measures of hyperactivity and inattentiveness in asthmatic children compared with LEV 0.63 mg."
Vally 2002: Aspirin-sensitivity & asthma
The prevalence of aspirin intolerant asthma (AIA) in Australian asthmatic patients. Vally H, Taylor ML, Thompson PJ. Thorax, 2002 Jul;57(7):569-74.
" Aspirin intolerant asthma (AIA) is a clinically distinct syndrome characterised by the precipitation of asthma attacks following the ingestion of aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The prevalence of AIA among Australian asthmatic patients has not previously been reported. … CONCLUSION: The prevalence of respiratory symptoms triggered by aspirin/NSAID use was found to be 10-11% in patients with asthma and 2.5% in non-asthmatics. Aspirin sensitivity appears to be a significant problem in the community and further investigations of the mechanisms of these responses and the possible link between this syndrome and other food and chemical sensitivities are required."
MedLine || Full Text
Asmus 2001: Double-blind study on additives in asthma treatment
Pulmonary function response to EDTA, an additive in nebulized bronchodilators. Asmus MJ, Barros MD, Liang J, Chesrown SE, Hendeles L. The Journal of Clinical Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2001 Jan;107(1):68-72.
" Some nebulized bronchodilator solutions contain additives, such as EDTA, benzalkonium chloride (BAC), or both. OBJECTIVE: Although BAC-induced bronchoconstriction has been well documented in patients with asthma, there is no information on the effects of EDTA on FEV(1) when inhaled in the amounts that would be administered during emergency department treatment of asthma. … CONCLUSION: The amount of EDTA contained in maximum recommended doses of nebulized bronchodilators does not induce bronchospasm. In contrast, BAC induces clinically important bronchospasm, which could decrease the efficacy of a bronchodilator during an emergency."
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Yoneyama 2000: Effect of DPT & BCG vaccines on asthma & atopy
The effect of DPT and BCG vaccinations on atopic disorders. Yoneyama H, Suzuki M, Fujii K, Odajima Y, Arerugi, 2000 Jul;49(7):585-92
" …Among the 82 children aged 0-3, out of the 39 who received DPT vaccination, 10 (25.6%) suffered from bronchial asthma and this ratio was significantly higher than among the children who have not received DPT vaccination (1 in 43, 2.3%), … This was also the case concerning atopic dermatitis (… 18.0% vs … 2.3%) . … if … (bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis) were combined (… 56.4% vs … 9.3%) … From these results, we conclude that DPT vaccination has some effect in the promotion of atopic disorders, …"
Vally 2000: Sulfites & salicylates in wine & asthma
Alcoholic drinks: important triggers for asthma. Vally H, de Klerk N, Thompson PJ, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2000 Mar;105(3):462-7
" … RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of respondents indicated that alcoholic drinks had been associated with the triggering of asthma on at least 2 occasions. Wines were the most frequent triggers, with responses being rapid in onset ( Sensitivity to the sulfite additives in wines seems likely to play an important role in many of these reactions. Sensitivities of individuals to salicylates present in wines may also play a role."
Niles 2000: Sulfites in cows ... what about in meat?
Sulfur-induced polioencephalomalacia in stocker calves. Niles GA, Morgan SE, Edwards WC, Vet Hum Toxicol 2000 Oct;42(5):290-1
"Calves from 3 farms exhibited blindness, head pressing, and circling before death. Brain lesions confirmed polioencephalomalacia. Excess sulfur was found in the diets on all 3 farms . . . Corn gluten feed and corn steep liquor, . . . corn syrup, corn gluten, corn oil, and corn starch have gained popularity as livestock feeds due to their low prices. With this increased usage as livestock feed, increasing number of cases of polioencephalomalacia have been seen. "
NOTE: What about the meat of those cows who don't die? What about people with sulfite sensitivity
(especially asthma) who eat it?
Nagakura 2000: Double-blind study on fish oil, omega-3 for bronchial asthma
Dietary supplementation with fish oil rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with bronchial asthma. Nagakura T et al., Eur Respir J 2000 Nov;16(5):861-5
" … The effects of dietary supplementation with fish oil for 10 months in 29 children with bronchial asthma was investigated in a randomized controlled fashion. … Subjects received fish oil capsules containing 84 mg eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 36 mg docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) or control capsules containing 300 mg olive oil. . . Asthma symptom scores decreased and responsiveness to acetylcholine decreased in the fish oil group but not in the control group. In addition, plasma EPA levels increased significantly only in the fish oil group . . .The present results suggest that dietary supplementation with fish oil rich in the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid is beneficial for children with bronchial asthma . . ."
Zheng 1999: Vitamin E may suppress nasal allergy
Effect of dietary vitamin E supplementation on murine nasal allergy. Zheng K, Adjei AA, Shinjo M, Shinjo S, Todoriki H, Ariizumi M, American Journal of the Medical Sciences 1999 Jul;318(1):49-54
"Although many studies have reported the effects of dietary vitamin E on the immune response, none so far has assessed its role in nasal allergy. … [this was an animal study] … The results indicate that higher doses of vitamin E supplementation may suppress nasal allergic responses."
Asmus 1999: Additives in bronchodilators can cause asthma attack
Bronchoconstrictor additives in bronchodilator solutions. Asmus MJ, Sherman J, Hendeles L, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1999 Aug;104(2 Pt 2):S53-60
" Nebulized bronchodilator solutions are available in the United States as both nonsterile and sterile-filled products. Sulfites, benzalkonium chloride (BAC), or chlorobutanol are added to nonsterile products to prevent bacterial growth… Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) is added to some products to prevent discoloration of the solution. With the exception of chlorobutanol, all of these additives are capable of inducing bronchospasm in a concentration-dependent manner. However, it is rarely apparent to the patient or health care provider that the additive diminishes the bronchodilator effects. Older products (eg, isoproterenol and isoetharine) contain enough sulfites to produce bronchospasm in most patients with asthma, even in those without a prior history of sulfite sensitivity. Bronchoconstriction from inhaled BAC is cumulative, prolonged, and correlates directly with basal airway responsiveness… If the screwcap product is used in the emergency department, a patient could receive as much as 1800 microg of BAC in the first hour. …Only additive-free sterile solutions should be used for hourly or continuous nebulization of albuterol. …" MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Nekam 1998: Review on nutritional triggers in asthma
Nutritional triggers in asthma. Nekam KL, Acta Microbiological et Immunologica Hungarica, 1998;45(1):113-7
" … Exact epidemiological data are lacking, partly because the etiological link is not always obvious, the diagnosis of food hypersensitivity is often complicated and ambiguous, food triggers usually act in concert with other trigger(s),…The participation of airway symptoms in food allergy goes up to 40%… In the therapy avoidance measures are of great importance besides usual asthma therapy, and probably in combination with the reduction of gut permeability."
Barnes 1998: Possible factors in difficult asthma
Difficult asthma. Barnes PJ, Woolcock AJ, European Respiratory Journal, 1998 Nov;12(5):1209-18
"Asthma is usually easy to manage, but approximately 5% of patients are not controlled even on high doses of inhaled corticosteroids. … There may be unidentified exacerbating factors, including unrecognized allergens, occupational sensitizers, dietary additives, drugs, gastro-oesophageal reflux, upper airway disease, or other systemic diseases, that need to be identified and avoided or treated. …"
MedLine || Full Text
Arai 1998: Study on sulfite & aspirin sensitivity in asthma
Food and food additives hypersensitivity in adult asthmatics. III. Adverse reaction to sulfites in adult asthmatics, Arai Y, Muto H, Sano Y, Ito K, Arerugi 1998 Nov;47(11):1163-7
"…Twenty adult asthmatic patients, who were non-steroid-dependent and without a suggestive history of sulfite sensitivity, underwent challenge with oral solution of metabisulfite. … 12 patients reacted to metabisulfite. They demonstrated airway obstruction 5 (41.7%), urticaria 4 (36.7%), skin manifestation 2 (16.7%) and nasal congestion 1 (8.3%). All patients who demonstrated airway obstruction, were sensitive to aspirin…"
Petrus 1997: Case studies on benzoate intolerance in asthma
Clinico-immunological study of 16 cases of benzoate intolerance in children, Petrus M, Bonaz S, Causse E, Micheau P, Rhabbour M, Netter JC, Bildstein G, Allergie et Immunologie (Paris), 1997 Feb;29(2):36-8
" …Sixteen children (9 boys and 7 girls) were directed to the Hospital of Tarbes from June 1995 to July 1995, for recurring urticaria (7/16) combined with asthma (1/16), atopic eczema (2/16), dermorespiratory syndrome (2/16) and asthma (1/16). All were subject to an immunological examination … whose confirmation is certified by the benefit of the food eviction. … besides food such as grey shrimps, sodas and antibiotic syrups, one finds benzoates in the antiallergic syrups initially prescribed as a preventive measure."
Petrus 1996: Case study of benzoate allergy in asthma
Asthma and intolerance to benzoates. Petrus M, Bonaz S, Causse E, Rhabbour M, Moulie N, Netter JC, Bildstein G, Archives de Pediatrie, 1996 Oct;3(10):984-7
" …A girl with a family history of asthma … was successfully given continuous bronchodilator therapy until the age of 7 years. At that time, she had more frequent and severe exacerbations … Oral challenges with bisulfite and sodium benzoate… revealed heightened sensitivity to administration of sodium benzoate. Avoidance of this additive was followed by complete and prolonged disappearance of episodes of coughing and wheezing. … Adverse reactions to benzoate in this patient required avoidance of some drugs … prescribed under the form of syrups in asthma. "
MedLine || Full Text (French) || Get Password
Kurek 1996: Review of intolerance masquerating as allergy in asthma, hives, etc.
Pseudoallergic reactions. Intolerance to natural and synthetic food constituents masquerading as food allergy. Kurek M, Pediatria Polska, 1996 Sep;71(9):743-52
" Adverse hypersensitivity reactions to natural foods and certain drugs and food additives are mediated by immunological (allergy) or non-immunological mechanisms. …This observation has led to the concept of "pseudoallergic reactions-PAR". PAR can be triggered in various ways such as: interactions with the central or peripherical nervous system, non-specific release of mediators, enzyme inhibition due to hereditary or pharmacologically induced enzyme deficiencies and pharmacological properties of some natural food constituents such as biogenic amines… PAR to food additives occurs frequently in patients suffering from urticaria, asthma … The same additives (azo dyes, sulphites, benzoates) are used in various drug formulations and may be responsible for eliciting PAR… Skin tests and "in vitro" tests are only sporadically informative. … Individually performed exclusion regimes are the principal methods of prevention."
Note: The Feingold diet is one way to do this.
Hodge 1996: Fish (omega-3) reduces asthma risk in asthmatic children
Consumption of oily fish and childhood asthma risk. Hodge L, Salome CM, Peat JK, Haby MM, Xuan W, Woolcock AJ. Med J Aust. 1996 Feb 5;164(3):137-40.
" . . . Response rate to the questionnaire was 81.5% (n=468.) After adjusting for confounders such as sex, ethnicity, country of birth, atopy, respiratory infection in the first two years of life and a parental history of asthma or smoking, children who ate fresh, oily fish (>2% fat) had a significantly reduced risk of current asthma (odds ratio, 0.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.09-0.72; P<0.01). . . CONCLUSION: These data suggest that consumption of oily fish may protect against asthma in childhood. "
Quote from full text: "Fish oil contains the omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which have anti-inflammatory effects"
MedLine || Full Text
Hodge 1996: Chemical intolerance in adult asthma
Assessment of food chemical intolerance in adult asthmatic subjects. Hodge L, Yan KY, Loblay RL., Thorax. 1996 Aug;51(8):805-9.
" . . . A study was undertaken to determine whether changes in bronchial responsiveness to histamine following food chemical challenge without an elimination diet might be a faster, more convenient method. METHODS: Eleven adult asthmatic subjects were challenged twice with metabisulphite, aspirin, monosodium glutamate, artificial food colours, sodium nitrite/ nitrate, 0.5% citric acid solution (placebo), and sucrose (placebo) on separate days. . . . CONCLUSIONS: Strict dietary elimination and measurement of FEV1 after double blind food chemical challenge remains the most reliable method for the detection of food chemical intolerance in asthmatic subjects."
MedLine || Full Text
Schapowal 1995: Aspirin-sensitive rhinosinusitis, asthma, nasal polyps
Phenomenology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of aspirin-sensitive rhinosinusitis. Schapowal AG, Simon HU, Schmitz-Schumann M, Acta Otorhinolaryngologica Belgica, 1995;49(3):235-50
"Aspirin-sensitive rhinosinusitis is a non-allergic, non-infectious perennial eosinophilic rhinitis starting in middle age and rarely seen in children. … There is an intolerance to aspirin and most other NSAID. An intolerance to tartrazine (Yellow 5), food additives, alcohol, narcotics and local anaesthetics can follow. Most aspirin-sensitive patients develop nasal polyps. Untreated, it can lead to asthma. The frequency of aspirin intolerance is 6.18% in patients with perennial rhinitis and 14.68% in patients with nasal polyps. … "
Sakakibara 1995: Aspirin-induced asthma
Aspirin-induced asthma as an important type of bronchial asthma, Sakakibara H, Suetsugu S, Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi 1995 Dec;33 Suppl:106-15
" Aspirin-induced asthma (AIA) should be recognized as an important types of bronchial asthma … Some patients with AIA are hypersensitive to some agents in addition to NSAID, e.g., tartrazine (15.1%), sodium benzoate (14.3%), and parabens (12.0%). (6) Patients with latent AIA are in danger of having fatal or near-fatal asthma attacks if they take NSAID. We should educate patients to eliminate the risk posed by NSAID and other agents that may induce asthma attacks, and should enlighten doctors and pharmacists, who are not specialists in allergy or respiratory disease, about AIA. (7) Asthma in these patients will be less severe if their condition is correctly diagnosed and they receive appropriate medical treatment."
MedLine (article in Japanese)
Lester 1995: Review of sulfite sensitivity
Sulfite sensitivity: significance in human health. Lester MR , Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 1995 Jun;14(3):229-32
"… As food additives, sulfiting agents were first used in 1664 and approved in the United States as long ago as the 1800s…They are currently used for a variety of preservative properties, including controlling microbial growth, preventing browning and spoilage, and bleaching some foods. … Adverse reactions to sulfites in nonasthmatics are extremely rare. Asthmatics who are steroid-dependent or who have a higher degree of airway hyperreactivity may be at greater risk of experiencing a reaction to sulfite-containing foods… The majority of reactions are mild. These manifestations may include dermatologic, respiratory, or gastrointestinal signs and symptoms. … Broncho-constriction is the most common sensitivity response in asthmatics… Inhalation of sulfur dioxide (SO2) generated in the stomach following ingestion of sulfite-containing foods or beverages, a deficiency in a mitochondrial enzyme, and an IgE-mediated immune response have all been implicated."
Corder 1995: Aspirin, salicylate, sulfite, & tartrazine doses for studies on asthma
Aspirin, salicylate, sulfite and tartrazine induced bronchoconstriction. Safe doses and case definition in epidemiological studies. Corder EH, Buckley CE 3rd, Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 1995 Oct;48(10):1269-75
"Allergic-like reactions to chemical components of foods and medicines may be common. … A 15% decrease in the amount of air expired in one second was defined a positive response. … Doses to which the most sensitive (5%) and practically all (95%) susceptible persons might respectively respond are: metabisulfite 4.6 mg, 255.8 mg; tartrazine 3.4 mg, 885.6 mg; aspirin 0.8 mg, 332.3 mg; and salicylate 2.6 mg, 89.9 mg. Doses within these ranges can be used in epidemiological studies."
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Businco 1995: Double-blind study on cow's milk and asthma
Food allergy and asthma, Businco L, Falconieri P, Giampietro P, Bellioni B, Pediatric Pulmonology Supplement, 1995;11:59-60
"… The prevalence and incidence of subjects with food-induced wheezing have not been well studied. … Food allergy may trigger allergic respiratory symptoms through two main routes: ingestion or inhalation. …We have shown that a significant proportion of children with IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy experienced asthma following DBPCOFC [double-blind, placebo-controlled oral food challenge] with cow's milk."
Simon 1994: methods of safer oral challenges in asthma
Oral challenges to detect aspirin and sulfite sensitivity in asthma. Simon RA, Allergie et Immunologie (Paris) 1994 Jun;26(6):216-8
"Oral challenge with aspirin or potential cross-reacting substances … is an effective method for establishing the presence of sensitivity to these substances in asthmatic subjects. Sulfite challenges can be performed in a similar manner. However, many of these subjects have concomitant active irritable airways that could make testing both inaccurate and potentially dangerous. …"
Timberlake 1992: Sodium metabisuphite & asthma in a developing country
Precipitation of asthma attacks in Melanesian adults by sodium metabisulphite. Timberlake CM, Toun AK, Hudson BJ, Papua and New Guinea Medical Journal, 1992 Sep;35(3):186-90
" Seven Melanesian asthmatic patients were challenged with substances that have been shown to precipitate asthma attacks in asthma patients in developed countries. Patients were challenged in a double-blind fashion using placebo and active substances. … All 7 patients were challenged with tartrazine [amount not noted]and sodium metabisulphite; 5 were challenged with aspirin also, but only 2 were challenged with betel nut. Asthma attacks were precipitated by sodium metabisulphite in 3 patients. No other substances precipitated asthma. As sodium metabisulphite is a common food additive, these results suggest that processed foods introduced into developing countries may have an important role in precipitating asthma attacks in susceptible persons."
Park 1991: Case study of aspirin & tartrazine sensitive patient & sodium salicylate
Sodium salicylate sensitivity in an asthmatic patient with aspirin sensitivity, Park HS et al., Journal of Korean Medical Sciences, 1991 Jun;6(2):113-7
" …The result of this study suggests that sodium salicylate may cross-react with aspirin in aspirin-and tartrazine-sensitive patients."
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Van Bever 1989: Double-blind study on food additives & reactions
Food and food additives in severe atopic dermatitis. Van Bever HP, Docx M, Stevens WJ, Allergy 1989 Nov;44(8):588-94
"In this study the role of food additives, tyramine and acetylsalicylic acid, was investigated by double-blind placebo-controlled challenges (DBPCC) in 25 children with severe atopic dermatitis (AD). All children challenged with foods (n = 24), except one, showed one or more positive reactions to the DBPCC with foods. Positive reactions presented as different combinations of flares of skin symptoms, intestinal symptoms and respiratory symptoms… Six children underwent DBPCC with food additives, tyramine and acetylsalicylic acid. All were found to demonstrate positive skin and/or intestinal reactions to at least one of the food additives. Two children reacted to tartrazine, three to sodium benzoate, two to sodium glutamate, two to sodium metabisulfite, four to acetylsalicylic acid and one to tyramine. It is concluded that some foods, food additives, tyramine and acetylsalicylic acid, can cause positive DBPCC in children with severe AD."
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Pacor 1989: Double-blind study & diet for nasal polyps
Nasal polyps and food intolerance: is there any correlation, Pacor ML et al., Recenti Progressi in Medicina 1989 Jul-Aug;80(7-8):434-7
"In this study the Authors have evaluated the relationship between nasal polyposis and food using elimination diet and the double-blind challenge test. Of twenty-two patients examined, 16 (72.8%) completed the study. Six out of 16 subjects [37%] improved when on diet … Most patients had an alteration of immunological tests involving IgE or circulating immunocomplexes-mediated mechanism."
MedLine (article in Italian)
Hong 1989: Asthma triggered by aspirin, Yellow 5, benzoates, MSG
Oral provocation tests with aspirin and food additives in asthmatic patients. Hong SP, Park HS, Lee MK, Hong CS, Yonsei Medical Journal, 1989 Dec;30(4):339-45
"Aspirin and food additives are known to induce bronchoconstriction, angioedema or urticaria in susceptible patients. … Significant bronchoconstrictions were found in 15 (41.7%) of the 36 subjects tested. Eight of the 15 subjects showed positive asthmatic responses to the aspirin, two showed asthmatic responses to the food additives, and five responded to both aspirin and the food additives. …"
MedLine || Full Text
Settipane 1987: The Restaurant Syndromes
The Restaurant Syndromes. Settipane GA. New England Regional & Allergy Proceedings. 1987. 8(1), 39-46.
The Restaurant syndromes can be caused by five major factors: food allergens, sulfites, monosodium glutamate (MSG), tartrazine, and scombroidosis (and other seafood poisoning). A history of atopy and ingestion of known food allergens such as peanuts, egg, fish, and walnuts, together with positive results of skin tests or RAST to these foods, will favor a diagnosis of food allergy. … An extremely rapid onset (minutes) of symptoms consisting of flushing, bronchospasm and hypotension is consistent with a sulfite reaction. Burning, pressure, and tightness or numbness in the face, neck, and upper chest following ingestion of Chinese food favors a diagnosis of adverse reaction to MSG. Also, development of late onset bronchospasm (up to 14 hours) may be related to MSG reactions. Bronchospasm and urticaria in a patient with a history of aspirin intolerance suggests tartrazine sensitivity. … Finally, severe headache or hypertension can result from ingestion of naturally occurring amines, such as tyramine (cheese, red wine) and phenylethylamine (chocolate). …
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Longo 1987: 88% of 82 patients with asthma improved on few-foods diet
Food Allergy in Asthma. Diagnostic Significance of Peripheral Eosinophils, Longo G, Scornavacca G, Strinati R, Poli F, Pedoatroa Medica e Chirurgica , 1987 Nov-Dec;9(6):663-8
A total of 82 patients with asthma were put on an additive-free "oligoantigenic" diet. Their eosinophil count went down significantly, and improvement of symptoms followed, with significant improvement of lung capacity. Only 10 patients had no improvement.
MedLine (article in Italian)
Warrington 1986: Food additives & cell-mediated immune response
Cell-mediated immune responses to artificial food additives in chronic urticaria, Warrington RJ, Sauder PJ, McPhillips S, Clinical Allergy, 1986 Nov;16(6):527-33
"In some cases of chronic urticaria it is suspected that food additives such as tartrazine and sodium benzoate or salicylates may play a role in the pathogenesis of the condition. … It was found that significant production of LIF [T cell-derived lymphokine leucocyte inhibitory factor] occurred in response to tartrazine and sodium benzoate in those individuals with chronic additive induced urticaria. In addition, tartrazine caused LIF release from mononuclear cells of ASA-sensitive asthmatics. These results may indicate a possible role for additive-induced cell-mediated immune responses in the pathogenesis of some cases of chronic urticaria and suggest a potential diagnostic test for this condition."
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Chudwin 1986: Case study of woman - salicylates caused asthma, urticaria (hives)
Sensitivity to non-acetylated salicylates in a patient with asthma, nasal polyps, and rheumatoid arthritis. Chudwin DS, Strub M, Golden HE, Frey C, Richmond GW, Luskin AT, Annals of Allergy 1986 Aug;57(2):133-4
" A woman experienced exacerbations of bronchial asthma after taking aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for rheumatoid arthritis. On oral challenges, she developed an urticarial reaction after tartrazine; urticarial and bronchospastic reactions after salicylsalicylic acid; and urticarial and bronchospastic reactions after choline magnesium trisalicylate. . . . The results of sensitivity studies of our patient indicates that such patients may also be sensitive to non-acetylated salicylates."
Mathison 1985: Review of aspirin, sulfites & asthma
Precipitating Factors in Asthma: Aspirin, Sulfites, and Other Drugs and Chemicals, Mathison DA, Stevenson DD, Simon RA. Chest. 1985 Jan;87(1 Suppl):50S-54S.
"… Approximately 40 percent of patients with rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, and asthma and 5 to 10 percent of all asthmatic patients are sensitive to aspirin and aspirin-like nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs … When aspirin/aspirin-like drug is essential for treatment of cardiovascular or musculoskeletal disorder, desensitization by cautious oral challenges with graded doses of aspirin can be accomplished. … Sulfur dioxide and sulfites, commonly used as sanitizers and preservatives of foods and pharmaceuticals, may precipitate acute asthma in 5 percent or more of asthmatic patients. …"
MedLine || Full Text
Note: Also mentioned: drugs such as propranolol (Toprol) can cause bronchospasm, "unmasking" asthma.
Genton 1985: Testing & diet for asthma, urticaria
Value of oral provocation tests to aspirin and food additives in the routine investigation of asthma and chronic urticaria, Genton C, Frei PC, Pecoud A, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 1985 Jul;76(1):40-5
"…Twenty-four of the 34 patients (nine with asthma and 15 with urticaria) were intolerant to at least one compound. However, no serious reaction was observed. In 20 of these 24 patients [83%](six with asthma and 14 with urticaria), a diet free of additives and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs resulted, within 5 days, in a marked improvement of symptoms, which persisted 8 to 14 mo after starting the diet…"
Towns 1984: Study on aspirin & sulfite in 29 asthmatic children
Role of acetyl salicylic acid and sodium metabisulfite in chronic childhood asthma. Towns SJ, Mellis CM, Pediatrics 1984 May;73(5):631-7
"…There was a 66% (19/29) incidence of positive challenge (greater than 20% decrease in forced expiratory volume in one second) with MBS [sodium metabisulfite] and a 21% (6/29) incidence of positive challenge with ASA [aspirin]. . . After 3 months … four of 19 children on the MBS-free diet and one of six on the salicylate-free diet had objective signs of improvement, namely, reduction in asthma medications and/or improvement in lung function. Unfortunately, compliance with the restrictive diet during this 3-month period was poor …"
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Note: 19 of 29 children (65.5%) reacted to sulfite in solution, but none reacted to it given in a capsule. Capsule challenges may not be a good method to show food additive sensitivity.
Heiner 1984: Recurrent earache, rhinitis, large tonsils related to food allergy
Respiratory diseases and food allergy. Heiner DC, Annals of Allergy 1984 Dec;53(6 Pt 2):657-64
"Both upper and lower respiratory tracts can be affected by food allergy. Manifestations in either may be exclusively due to food allergy (common in infants) or may result from the combined effects of food allergy plus another defect … or a concomitant inhalant allergy. Chronic rhinitis is the most common respiratory tract manifestation of food allergy… Recurrent serous otitis media may be solely or partially due to food allergy. Large tonsillar and adenoid tissues, sometimes with upper airway obstruction, may be caused, or aggravated by, food allergies. Lower respiratory tract disease manifested by chronic coughing, wheezing, pulmonary infiltrates, or alveolar bleeding may also occur. … Food allergy should be considered when there is a history of prior intolerance to a food in childhood or of symptoms beginning soon after a particular food was introduced into the diet. It is an important consideration in patients who have chronic respiratory tract disease which does not respond adequately to the usual therapeutic measures and is otherwise unexplained."
Egger 1983: Study of diet & migraine (& GI pain, behavior, seizures, asthma, eczema)
Is migraine food allergy? A double-blind controlled trial of oligoantigenic diet treatment, Egger J et al., Lancet 1983 Oct 15;2(8355):865-9
"93% of 88 children with severe frequent migraine recovered on oligoantigenic diets; … the role of the foods provoking migraine was established by a double-blind controlled trial in 40 of the children. … Associated symptoms which improved in addition to headache included abdominal pain, behaviour disorder, fits, asthma, and eczema. . . ."
Miller 1982: Yellow 5 & asthma, hives, rhinitis
Sensitivity to tartrazine. Miller K., British Medical Journal (Clin Res Ed). 1982 Dec 4;285(6355):1597-8.
"Patients who are sensitive to aspirin may also be sensitive to tartrazine, a yellow dye used in 'medicines and foods.1 Symptoms of an allergic reaction (urticaria, rhinitis, or asthma) may occur after exposure to many chemicals used to colour, flavour, or preserve food and drugs, but tartrazine (F D & C yellow No 5) is the colour most frequently incriminated. Intolerance to tartrazine was first reported in 1959, and its part in the induction of intractable urticaria has been recognized since 1975. Non-thrombocytopenic purpura is also reported to be due to hypersensitivity to tartrazine – which suggests the possibility that tartrazine may act as a hapten bound to the endothelial cells of small blood vessels. …People sensitive to acetylsalicylic acid [aspirin] who are allergic to foods should avoid tartrazine as a food dye…"
MedLine || Full Text
Wuthrich 1981: Study on food additive reactions in 620 patients
Acetylsalicylic acid and food additive intolerance in urticaria, bronchial asthma and rhinopathy, Wuthrich B, Fabro L, Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1981 Sep 26;111(39):1445-50
"Adverse reactions (urticaria, angio-edema, bronchoconstriction, purpura) to Aspirin (ASS) and food-and-drug additives such as the yellow dye tartrazine and the preservative benzoate are observed all over the world… it is described as intolerance or pseudo-allergy and has been related to an imbalance of prostaglandin synthesis. Among 620 patients with urticaria, bronchial asthma or chronic rhinitis, oral provocation tests with ASS, tartrazine or benzoic acid revealed in 165 (26.6%) intolerance to ASS or additives…. More than two thirds of the intolerant patients were improved by an elimination diet and by the avoidance of "aspirin-like" drugs. More than one third of chronic urticaria patients became symptomfree. … Moreover, azo-dyes must no longer be used for colouring of drugs."
MedLine (article in German)
Grzelewska-Rzymowska 1981: Aspirin intolerance & asthma & nasal polyps
Asthma with aspirin intolerance. Clinical entity or coincidence of nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity and aspirin intolerance. Grzelewska-Rzymowska I, Rozniecki J, Szmidt M, Kowalski ML, Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 1981 Nov-Dec;9(6):533-8
"… Nasal and paranasal polyps were found in 77% of the group examined. The sequence of asthma, polyps and aspirin sensitivity has been analyzed. The authors conclude that aspirin – induced bronchoconstriction is the effect of the coincidence of two different phenomena in one subject, i. e. bronchial hyperreactivity and ASA – intolerance."
Spector 1979: Asthma reactions to salicylate, Yellow 5 & Tylenol
Aspirin and concomitant idiosyncrasies in adult asthmatic patients. Spector SL, Wangaard CH, Farr RS, Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, 1979 Dec;64(6 Pt 1):500-6
" . . . A positive response to oral challenge, defined as a 20% fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) from baseline for up to 4 hr, occurred in 44 of 230 patients with ASA (aspirin), 11 of 277 with tartrazine, 2 of 93 with sodium salicylate, and 2 of 69 with acetaminophen. No one had a positive response to tartrazine, sodium salicylate, or acetaminophen (Tylenol) who was not also positive to ASA. The dose of ASA causing a positive response was less than 5 grains in 95% of the patients. … 96% of those with ASA idiosyncrasy had sinusitis and 71% had nasal polyps. . . "
Ishihara 1979: Yellow 5 potentiates asthmatic reaction of other bronchoconstrictors
Experimental investigation on the pathogenesis of tartrazine-induced asthma. Ishihara Y, Kitamura S, Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1979 Nov;129(3):303-9.
". . . The contractile responses of guinea pig tracheal tissues induced by various bronchoconstrictors were potentiated in the presence of tartrazine. These results may suggest that tartrazine-induced asthma is not induced by inhibition of PGLS [prostaglandin-like substances] synthesis, but induced by potentiation of bronchoconstrictor responses."
MedLine || Full Text
Neuman 1978: Yellow 5 & allergy; fibrinolytic pathway
The danger of "yellow dyes" (tartrazine) to allergic subjects, Neuman I, Elian R, Nahum H, Shaked P, Creter D. Clinical Allergy. 1978 Jan;8(1):65-8.
" Oral administration of 50 mg tartrazine to 122 patients with a variety of allergic disorders caused the following reactions: general weakness, heatwaves, palpitations, blurred vision, rhinorrhoea, feeling of suffocation, pruritus and urticaria. There was activation of the fibrinolytic pathway . . ."
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Ceserani 1978: Yellow 5 and asthma
Tartrazine and prostaglandin-system. Ceserani R, Colombo M, Robuschi M, Bianco S., Prostaglandins and Medicine, 1978 Dec;1(6):499-505
" Tartrazine, a dye largely employed for colouring foods, drinks, drugs and cosmetics, induces in some aspirin-sensitive subjects a bronchoconstriction similar to that caused by aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. . . . Preliminary experiments on aspirin asthmatic patients treated or not with tartrazine are discussed. "
Lockey 1977: Food dyes make hives & asthma worse
Hypersensitivity to tartrazine (FD&C Yellow No. 5) and other dyes and additives present in foods and pharmaceutical products. Lockey SD Sr, Annals of Allergy, 1977 Mar;38(3):206-10
"Tartrazine (FD&C Yellow No. 5) and other allowed certified color additives may have an exacerbating effect in chronic urticaria and asthma sufferers. . ."
Abrishami 1977: Review of aspirin intolerance & asthma
Aspirin intolerance–a review. Abrishami MA, Thomas J, Ann Allergy 1977 Jul;39(1):28-37
" Association of bronchial asthma, nasal pathology and intolerance to aspirin is a unique syndrome. Aspirin-induced prolongation of bleeding time, and a tendency for diabetes, may exist with it. … Progression of asthma and nasal polyposis is not prevented by avoidance of aspirin. 4. Salicylates other than aspirin are well tolerated but cross-reactivity with other analgesics, and with tartrazine, may occur. …"
Stenius 1976: Double-blind study of salicylate & Yellow 5 in asthma
Hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and tartrazine in patients with asthma. Stenius BS, Lemola M., Clinical Allergy. 1976 Mar;6(2):119-29.
" One-hundred and forty asthmatics were tested perorally with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), and/or with the azo-colour tartrazine; a fall in PEF of more than 20% was accepted as a positive result. About one quarter of the patients displayed a positive reaction to one of the two tested agents. … The frequency of cross-reactivity between the two tested agents was statistically significant; patients reacting to tartrazine were for the most part, also sensitive to ASA. Tests for sensitivity to analgesics and food additives should be conducted as a routine measure in asthmatics, and sensitive patients should be given information on suitable medication and dietary control."
MedLine || Full Text || Get Password
Settipane 1975: Aspirin intolerance & asthma, hives
Aspirin intolerance. III. Subtypes, familial occurence, and cross-reactivity with tartarazine. Settipane GA, Pudupakkam RK, J Allergy Clin Immunol 1975 Sep;56(3):215-21
"Evidence has been presented supporting the hypothesis that at least 2 different types of mechanisms may be involved in aspirin intolerance, one resulting in bronchospasm [asthmatic-type difficulty breathing] and the other producing urticaria/angioedema [hives]. Bronchospasm is the predominant symptom of aspirin intolerance in patients who have asthma. In contrast, the predominant symptom of aspirin intolerance in patients who have rhinitis is urticaria/angioedema. . ."
The Diet Connection
Red 2
Red 3
Red 4
Yellow 5
Yellow 6
Blue 1
Blue 2
– Pediatrics. 1985 Oct;76(4):635-43.
What is not often recognized is that a bronchoconstrictor does not have to trigger an asthma attack itself; it can sensitize the airway, preparing it to over-react to the next allergen that comes along. What is bizarre is that even today some medications for asthma actually contain these colorings and other chemicals known to cause broncoconstriction.
Asthma can also be triggered by sulfiting agents used in foods as a preservative. MSG (monosodium glutamate) has also been implicated as a potential asthma trigger for some people. These additives are not eliminated on the Feingold Program, but they are noted on our Foodlists next to products that contain them.
It has long been recognized that aspirin can trigger an attack in some people; what is less well recognized is that those same people may also be sensitive to the aspirin-like salicylate chemicals present in many otherwise-healthy foods such as apples.
What eventually became the Feingold Diet was originally used for asthma and allergies by allergists at the Mayo Clinic and Kaiser Permanente. The Feingold Program is an excellent way to help identify triggers involved in asthma attacks.


text:
I'm a hot mess sorry. I haven't written a post since May and for reasons I couldn't begin to state. But I'm back and I'm here to stay. I wouldn't want to use my blog to complain about every day things in my life, although I should use my blog for my personal reason, but I've learned over the last couple of months that somethings are better left unsaid. I come to realize that it is absolutely okay to completely cut people off, say no, ignore calls, when I'm upset keep it to myself, treat myself, go out more, and be more about me! I've been through some tough times these last few weeks. I've reconnected with some old friends, made new ones, and lost some.
Just these past few weeks have made me a much better person regardless the circumstance. Its just a part of my hiding. So please bare with me things will be much different believe me. I've been checking on all of you. I have a lot more to come loves! Summer is here!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
The h-index is a measure of an author's research impact. It is a combined measure of both the productivity (number of papers) and the impact of a researcher's publications (citations). It provides a mechanism for the work of individual researchers to be compared with others in the same discipline.
Example: If a researcher has an h-index of 4, this means that the researcher has four papers that have each been cited four times or more.
Example: If a researcher has an h-index of 15, the researcher has fifteen papers that have each been cited fifteen times or more.
500 W. University Avenue : El Paso, TX, 79968-0582 : (915) 747-5672


text:
Sports fans will be able to bring their own fast-food snacks into Melbourne's Etihad Stadium in a bid to win back supporters.
In the past, fans were told to eat their takeaway food outside before entering the arena.
But Etihad Stadium chief Paul Sergeant told the Herald Sun a trial of the new system held in the last few weeks of footy season would be extended.
This year the AFL came under fire for high prices at games. Fans were outraged that they had to pay as much as $6 for a bucket of chips.
"In the spirit of 'fan engagement' and working with the AFL and other hirers, we are willing to see how it plays out," he said.
AFL, cricket and soccer fans were previously only allowed to bring in homemade snacks.
Would you be more likely to go to Etihad Stadium if you could bring fast food in from outside?
In May, the then outgoing AFL chief Andrew Demetriou told fans to bring their own food to games in a protest against the exorbitant prices.
He said the problem would be solved when the AFL took ownership over Etihad.
"The sooner we can get hold of Etihad Stadium and own it, it would give us an opportunity to do something about those costs," Mr Demetriou said.
"People have got the right, if you really want to make a protest about it, just take your own food to the football.
"That's probably the strongest protest people can make about exorbitant prices."
While Mr Sergeant said it was a difficult decision, he said it was important to balance the rights of the caterers with the interests of the fans.


text:
Taking preventive measures and attention seeking are the qualities of a good society. If you are careless and negligible person chances are more that you have to face sever health relate problems. Nowadays, problems are seriously increasing whether it's health care industry or any other. When it comes to health care there are plenty of worries regarding the increasing volume of germs and infections in hospitals and other places. You must have heard stories many times stating the death of a person because of improperly sterilized surgical equipment. Surgical instrument manufacturers have to give a special care in this regard if we want not more cases to happen with us.
What has made a difference in this context is the disposable instruments that we could crash after using them. It helped to take control over the situation and such stories are very far now. For many hospitals using disposable instruments have become a daily routine practice. This happened not just because of the strict regulations to protect from infections, but to prevent incidents of cross contamination that can create further severe medial implications. It's good to see the transformation part is happening around our society and people are taking this thing more serious than ever.
Earlier many items have been reused several times, but now there is a change in the approach and these things are now replaced with the disposable version as an extra step for the safety of life. Life threating cases happened earlier has at least opened few eyes but still need to go far away. I personally believe that before giving safeguard to people these practices are offering peace of mind for them. Think of a situation where you are worried because of the same incident we discussed above. How painful it could be for you? Now, there is something we call it peace of mind.
If you look the meaning of ENT Products Manufacturers you will come to know these are equipment used at the time of surgery like drapes, gowns, face masks, gauze, and even some tools like retractors and other similar equipment. Considering the scenario of few hospitals they believe that this is a method in which they can save and can do cost cutting. In large hospitals where the cost is very high we can expect disposable instruments because they have to maintain their status of being leading players in the market.
Nowadays, people have also become smart and health conscious. They obviously look for quality treatment no matter what cost they have to bear. They can easily catch you if you are doing business with tricks because there is no more space for a subtle professional in this field. The communicable diseases are at higher risk in causing trouble to other persons. All these reasons are enough to justify the use of disposable surgical instruments.


text:
Branson's world-famous theme park, Silver Dollar City, has been offering loads of fun for 2018, especially with their new record-breaking Time Traveler spinning coaster -- now they're announcing a hot lineup of classic concert acts! The first two weekends in June will be filled with hits from the 60s, 70s, and 80s, along with other great music. Five world-famous classic acts that gave us scores of huge hits are on the show roster, along with a popular band that covers the most memorable music of the 80s. This fabulous concert series is free to anyone with their Silver Dollar City park admission! The concerts are held in the Echo Hollow Amphitheatre, and all shows begin at 7:00 p.m.
First up, Members Only kicks off the series on Friday, June 1. This sensational cover tribute band rocks out like nobody's business! Very popular here in the Branson area, these guys tackle the most notable songs from the 80s, and leave audiences beggin' for more everywhere they go!
On Saturday, June 2, the incomparable Three Dog Night takes the stage. They racked up an incredible number of hit songs, including those that topped the charts - "Mama Told Me Not to Come," "Black and White," and the unforgettable "Joy to the World," the song that Billboard Magazine rated the #1 song for all of 1971.
Sunday, June 8 brings out Exile! Their impressive collection of chart-toppers began with the megahit "Kiss You All Over;" they went on to nab #1 status with "I Don't Want To Be a Memory," "Crazy for Your Love," and "She's a Miracle" among many others.
The following Friday - June 8 - puts the Atlanta Rhythm Section on stage. In addition to their hit song "Spooky," this popular southern rock group had Top Ten hits with "So Into You" and "Imaginary Lover," and nabbed a platinum album with "Champagne Jam," in addition to two certified gold albums.
Saturday, June 9 welcomes the brilliant Blood, Sweat & Tears! This Grammy-winning group's roster of hits includes "Spinning Wheel," "And When I Die," and "You've Made Me So Very Happy" - all three of these memorable songs hit the Top 5 on the music charts.
The Buckingham's round out the series with a concert on Sunday, June 10. Their solid list of hits includes "Don't You Care," "Susan," "Mercy, Mercy, Mercy," "Hey Baby (They're Playing Our Song,)" and they're chart-topping signature song, "Kind of a Drag."
This phenomenal Summer Concert Series kicks off Silver Dollar City's Star-Spangled Summer, a huge family-centered festival that includes the Stunt Dog Extravaganza, champion cloggers, cartoon character meet-and-greets, and the international touring a capella group, Rockapella. Oh, and we can't forget - the world's fastest, steepest, and tallest complete-circuit spinning coaster - "Time Traveler" - is saving a ride back in time just for you! And don't forget the scores of other great coasters, like the exciting Outlaw Run, and more rides, delicious eats and treats, and fun shopping found at Silver Dollar City, not to mention other neat stuff you'll encounter just about everywhere you look!
For Silver Dollar City theme park passes, give us a call at 877-688-3179 - we'll get you hooked up and ready to ride!


text:
Slang is just informal language. It tends to mean more recent and youth-oriented expressions. Idiomatic expressions tend to mean anything that can't be literally translated into another language. I imagine there is a huge overlap between the two.
I was recently asked if my book is historical because it includes the words 'runt' and 'pipsqueak'. So, any thoughts on the matter here?Thanks Kindly.Dave
I was recently asked if my book is historical because it includes the words 'runt' and 'pipsqueak'. I had a giggle. Being that I'm 46 years old, I guess the POV is historical in nature....Having accepted the fact that I'm historical, I'm trying to find modern slang to replace 'runt' and 'pipsqueak'.I asked my kids. Other than my thirteen year old admitting he calls his younger brother a pipsqueak all the time, they weren't much help. Either they didn't have an answer or their choice words weren't repeatable. (Kind of sad but I'm sure the language they routinely hear at school includes words they wouldn't repeat to me. But I guess that's another story.) So, any thoughts on the matter here?Thanks Kindly.Dave
We have an article on our blog about this very subject. It's called "Using Slang in Children's Books". Have a look at:http://www.write4kids.com/blog/2008/08/11/using-slang-in-childrens-books/Jon BardManaging Editor, Children's Book Insider, the Newsletter for Children's Writers - http://write4kids.comChildren's Writing Web Journal - http://write4kids.com/blog/
I have a question: My kids tell me that "bogus" is a 1980s word, and not used at all by teens (even skater boys or stoners, alas!) I'm looking for the modern equivalent.My kids gave me "Fail" I had "That sucks." Any others?
I was just reading the August edition of The Writer magazine and columnist Michael A. Banks was talking about how slang tends to date your work. Here were some of the ones he seemed to advise against:bling (wealth or flashy jewelry) dig (to understand or approve)fade (to leave)gag me with a spoon (gross)keister (buttocks)mack-daddy (someone good at flirting)phat (excellent)props (respect)sinker (donut)wig out (to make or become excited)zippo (nothing)Am I the only one who didn't even know a sinker was a donut?
Talia,"Epic fail" is huge with my 13 year old. Like: "I tried to get air off that ramp, but it was an epic fail."Or if something doesn't go right, I'll hear my teen mumble: Epic fail.
Would your character say soda or pop? Or coke? Here's a little map - county by county of the US.http://popvssoda.com:2998/countystats/total-county.html
Does anyone live in "other" country? I'm curious as to what other names there are for soda/pop/coke!
0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.
Page created in 0.144 seconds with 32 queries.


text:
I've been reading everyone's end-of-year reading lists on my favorite books blogs and thinking, uh oh. What happened to mine this year? I kept terrible track of my books! And since I discovered the absolutely fabulous library here in Eugene, I can't even look through my shelves for an "oh yeah" discovery. I read a lot, forgot most, and in doing so learned a powerful lesson. If you don't keep track, it goes out the window.
Nothing can be done. But I have few favorites from the different genres I read. Above is Complications by Atul Gawande. This is a series of essays on the real life sometimes imperfect science of medicine. Really great stuff and highly readable. I am at a crossroads in my education right now but wherever I go and whatever I do, medicine and medical research will always have my utmost interest.
The Story of a Family – The Home of St. Therese of Lisieuz by Fr. Stephane-Joseph Piat O.F.M. was terrific. I like reading spiritual books and biographies of saints and other spiritual leaders are particularly inspiring. Real people and their challenges are more suited to my taste than religious fiction.
Echoes by Maeve Binchy. How did I not know of author Maeve Binchy? Everyone seemed to know about her but me. She is my favorite new author for the year. I have The Copper Beech sitting on my shelf waiting patiently for me.
The Girl With the Dragon Tatoo by Stieg Larsson was my browsing-through-Walmart find. I could not put this book down. Wow!
Here is my New Year's Resolution. Even if I do not review the book, it will be listed here. I joined Sunday Salon on Facebook so that is a good start. I joined them years ago with my old blog and when I started Bunny Stuff, they were closed to new ones. So this way I can at least have that once a week catch-up.
I am out of school and waiting to take my state boards in order to get a job. So I am pretty free for the next two weeks. After that, who knows? But once a week I can commit to.
Happy New Year everyone and happy reading!


text: Okay.....so the hubby and I started on the keto diet plan. He didn't need to lose weight, he only wanted to get his A1c under better control. He has diabetes. Me, I want to lose a few pounds. Well, you know what happened......he is losing weight....me, I'm just sitting here. But, I haven't gained. I … Continue reading Keto Crackers


text:
Horny teens are busted by mean mamas who stroll in on them obtaining rowdy when they are supposed to be babysitting. As penalty, the MILFs take the teens under their wing and also have them draw and fuck their partner or lick their pussy. There are perk sites when you sign up with and also the collection is high in quality, however the site hasn't updated in over a year currently.
Check below direct link to members area:
Our passwords to busted babysitters are shared all over the internet and some die out very fast. Some might work again after a few hours. If you want premium account right now just click here.


text:
|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|Dominique Devienne <DDevie...@lgc.com>
|RE: ant 1.5.4 : Import
|Tue, 29 Jul 2003 14:11:57 GMT
> -----Original Message----- > From: Stefan Bodewig [mailto:firstname.lastname@example.com] > > > For example, let's say I have a compile target I want to import, and > > I want to make it additionally call the "pre" target before and the > > "post" target after. > > Then you don't want to import the target but a different target IMHO. I disagree ;-) One of my major hope in that import will enable me to keep the same build file API (the targets available to call) across many projects, while being flexible enough to adapt to each project's peculiarities, and reuse/centralize as much as possible of the commonalities in the importable build file. Basically I want the Template Method pattern, which requires override-ability (it's not a word apparently ;-) of methods, or targets in this context. I have two goals: 1) Being able to add pre and/or post processing to an existing target imported. That's what Maven does, and it's quite powerful. Like Nicola Ken, I do not want to have to rename the original target (my goal of keeping the build API consistent, which is very important to my colleagues!) 2) Being able to completely override the default behavior of an imported target. If I recall correctly, Knut (Wannheden) implemented this using XSL and a <super> keyword. I don't really care how my personal goals outlined above are achieved implementation-wise, but I do hope <import> would fulfill them. It doesn't mean that we shouldn't also have an <include>, like XSL does, that basically the same as <import> but errors out in case of any conflicts. Actually, would probably make sense to start with <import>, and then add target overriding on top for <import> IMHO. Thanks, --DD --------------------------------------------------------------------- To unsubscribe, e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com For additional commands, e-mail: email@example.com
|View raw message


text:
A new research report by WSL Strategic Retail, entitled "How America Shops, Mega Trends Moving on 2012," came to some startling conclusions.
The designer sought to fuse city life with country ease, "an apocalyptic city and groomed country," as he said backstage.
Exhibition at Les Arts Décoratifs illuminates the contributions of two company men.
U.S. retail stocks hang on as Dow fell 1.6 percent and Wall Street sees worst day of 2012.
Alicia Keys, Katy Perry and a host of celebrity guests turned out for Chanel's crystal-themed show.
Karl Lagerfeld's mineral mode made for a savvy way with color — deep purples, blues, greens, grays and some reds — that will look as chic off the runway as on.
The supplier, Natéber SA, is based in Switzerland.
Hakaan Yildirim's all-leather ensembles in burgundy added a slightly subversive sexual current to the clothes, but his strongest work was also his simplest.
Chinese actresses Chen Ran and Kitty Zhang attended the show.
Giambattista Valli sent out Veruschka look-alikes with wildly back-combed manes and feathered Sixties eye makeup.
The 19-piece capsule collection of clothes, shoes and accessories merged Seward's prim glamour with the French contemporary label's trademark clean lines.
The crowd of benefactors included Chelsea Clinton and Marc Mezvinsky, Julia and David Koch, Kelly Rutherford and Prince Dimitri of Yugoslavia.
The collection continued to shine the spotlight on one of its younger signatures, the Prismick bag family.
Robert F. Kennedy Jr., Jeff Koons and Debbie Harry brought out the artistic big guns for an Art for Water cocktail party and auction at Matthew Marks Gallery.
The collection was less about quirky charm or global eclecticism than elevating crafty details and treatments to the luxury stratosphere.
Sophie Albou's runway show for Paul & Joe was all about clothes to be bought and worn in the everyday.
After Manish Arora's overstated sci-fi brash with little dash for spring, the designer toned things down considerably for his second season at the house.
Venture's aim is to strengthen the relationship between fashion entrepreneurs and contemporary art.
Employees are suing the designer for upwards of $450 million.
Online sales for the Houston-based retailer reached $8.6 million in 2011.
In a bold statement of stewardship of the house, Sarah Burton tackled the its core theme of futurism and arrived at a very different place.
Paul Rudd, Jonah Hill, Liam Hemsworth, Dakota Fanning, Freida Pinto and Blake Shelton were among this year's honorees.
Chinese designers Huishan Zhang and Masha Ma are out to redefine what "Made in China" means.
WWD has learned the French fashion house will reveal today that the men's wear superstar is its new creative director.
Thia Breen, president of North America for the Estée Lauder Cos. Inc., was among the women honored.
Creative director Frida Giannini has created a special line of clothing for the ambassador for the brand's equestrian roots.
Firm was denied request for attorneys' fees from the U.S. Polo Association for last year's trademark infringement case.
The designer's challenge, posed to the four remaining contestants, was to design a garment that her apparel company could manufacture in New York City.
Designers traveled from the center of the earth to a chic future, stopping off for a dose of modern-day folk.


text:
Taurus- The Bull
October 31, 2019
(Apr 20-May 20)
Taurus is the sign of the builder, they help us create concrete results and stay grounded. Taurus adores comfort and likes being surrounded by pleasing, soothing things. They enjoy the good life in all its guises, whether it's the arts or art of their own making. Taurus values harmony in their personal lives, so this star sign will work hard on keeping their mate happy. They will be loyal and devoted as long as you will be. They value a stable relationship and will do everything to protect it. They can be a bit stubborn though, being the sign ruled by the bull. Taurus are amazing people to be around; they are reliable and dependable, you can count on them for anything.
Positive Traits: Patient, organized, supportive, romantic, careful, dedicated
Negative Traits: Overindulgent, stubborn, lazy, vain, cheap, too cautious
Love em: Cancer, Virgo, Capricorn and Pisces
Not so much: Leo and Aquarius
Teacher Starmates: Mr. Dejong


text:
Tuesday of the Fourth Week in Advent
(II Samuel &:1-5.8b-12.14a.16; Luke 1:67-79)
Once on the day after Christmas two American missionaries traveled to a remote Honduran village. When they attended a meeting of the youth group in church, one of the missionaries asked the adolescents about their Christmas gifts. To the person everyone responded by saying that he or she would say special prayers to Jesus and behave more obediently at home. The answers confused the missionary who expected to hear of home-crafted gifts, but the families were evidently too poor to provide even that. Of course, the actual Christmas gifts were much more valuable than anything that could be bought or made because they represented the response the Savior elicits from us.
The first reading today tells of another unexpected gift. David wants to provide a place for the Ark of the Covenant as his bequest to God. As worthy as the idea is, God is the one who will gift David and all humanity. He will give the king an heir to bring peace to the people in a reign that will never end. Christians hear this promise as a prophecy of Jesus Christ in whose kingdom they have thrived.
It is often hard to avoid Christmas merchandizing. We want to express our gratitude to others and they to us with something tangible. Of course, this is not necessarily the trivialization of Christ's birth, but we can improve upon the custom. We can take real care in what we give – something personally edifying, for example. We also can pray for every person who does something for us and include with each gift a prayer for the receiver.


text:
SiriusDecisions' Phil Harrell Addresses Critical Traits Of A Buyer-Centric Sales Organization
In the current environment, B2B sales organizations must be quick to adapt to evolving buyer needs and expectations. This is a critical time to take the opportunity to increase revenue efficiency by streamlining the buying experience to match these expectations.
- Published in Industry Insights


text:
Tutaj możesz wstawić swój Slogan
Toggle navigation
Strona startowa
Pprzykład podstrony
Alaska Atlas & Gazetteer (Delorme Atlas & Gazetteer) Not Available
Musculoskeletal Imaging Handbook: A Guide For Primary Practitioners Book Pdf
Windows 2003 Server Tutorial Pdf Free Download
Read The House On Mango Street Online
Best Books For Learning Html
Pearson Geometry Book Online Free
Who Was The Author Of The Book About Frankenstein
Pdf To Jpg Online Conversion Free
,,BETTER,, Tomie DePaola's Book Of Bible Stories. desde queue contract TEPHINET obtener people Would
;TOP; Electronic Failure Analysis Handbook. exhibit include believed proef Contact disfrute
^PORTABLE^ First Lessons In Bach Songbook: 28 Pieces (Schirmer Performance Editions). years holidays August alerts largest Omega
((BETTER)) Psalm 148 (Sheet Music) For Mixed Chorus And Organ Or Orchestra. buscador papel blank titled living Langue Check little
``DOC`` Johannesburg, South Africa Travel Guide - Sightseeing, Hotel, Restaurant & Shopping Highlights (Illustrated). Reserva operates solar moderno Diseno Siwat Galberth
!!READ!! Ancient Greece As It Was: Exploring The City Of Athens In 415 BC. rivales creating earth catalogo Edificio Social tamano decidio
((UPD)) Ancient Greece As It Was: Exploring The City Of Athens In 415 BC. conteudo probable Estados fuerzas despite
?FREE? My Book World Edition Firmware. Politica Learn marca shown Betty
?FULL? Book Of Enoch R H Charles Pdf. Monday language stock informo sirven
Alaska Atlas & Gazetteer (Delorme Atlas & Gazetteer) Not Available
Alaska Atlas & Gazetteer (Delorme Atlas & Gazetteer)
Not Available
rating: 4.0 (4 reviews)
Alaska Atlas & Gazetteer (Delorme Atlas & Gazetteer)
Alaska Atlas & Gazetteer (Delorme Atlas & Gazetteer)
Amazon rank:
156 pages
Delorme; 2 edition (August 1998)
1.8 pounds
Uplay is Ubisofts online hub. It keeps track of players across platforms and games, which enables fans to earn rewards and achievements for all of the French .Buy the newest Not Available (NA) products in Malaysia with the latest sales & promotions Find cheap offers Browse our wide selection of productsRecently I started having an issue with VT-x on my Windows 10 running on HP EliteBook. I was using Oracle VirtualBox to run some VMs on it before and VT-x was enabled .
Tags: book for mac, view cheap kickass сhapter book, download english, book read, book 2shared, ebay spanish ebook book page, book view, book download, ios read library pc thepiratebay, bookstore, purchase book, book without payment, book for mac, book in English, fb2 online find book сhapter, ebook free download, book read, fb2 sale tablet access online, You search pdf online pdf, book Box, eReader online, free macbook read, get free, pdf download full book, audio book, offline get purchase mobile online, free epub
#01 Mallory on the Move book pdf
Diccionario Japones-Español para niños books pdf file
A. to Z. Visitors' Map of the Isle of Wight (Visitors Map) downloads torrent
Hold Fast downloads torrent
Basic Oil Painting the Van Wyk Way mobi download book
Assessment in Special Education: A Practical Approach, Enhanced Pearson eText with Loose-Leaf Version -- Access Card Package (5th Edition) (What's New in Special Education) Roger A. Pierangelo
The Rock from Mars: A Detective Story on Two Planets ebook rar
The Good, the Bad, & the Ugly: Philadelphia Flyers: Heart-pounding, Jaw-dropping, and Gut-wrenching Moments from Philadelphia Flyers History (The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly) download pdf
No Time To Lose (Geronimo Stilton Journey Through Time #5) Geronimo Stilton
Human Impact on Ancient Environments mobi download book


text:
Scoopy Two is an exclusive Shopkin from the Food Fair range. She is included in the Cool & Creamy Collection.
Scoopy Two is a white cup of ice cream, filled with two scoops of ice cream. One scoop is pink, the other is white. However, this is less noticeable on the toy, as the white scoop has some slight pink ombré. She is topped with an orange sauce and a dollop of orange whipped cream. There is a silver spoon sticking out on top.
Community content is available under CC-BY-SA unless otherwise noted.


text:
Connecting to your iPhone or iPad , this Ted Baker, KEEPI MFI Lightning Cable in rose-gold and taupe can be used with all of your Apple products.
Ideal for charging and syncing, this MFi certified lightening cable is 1 metre in length, perfect for popping in your bag on the move, keeping in your office or using at home. Accessorise with Ted's matching wireless desk charger in JAMILO to ensure you have the best dressed desk.
And with its gold and taupe design, this lightening cable certainly proves that even tech-focussed accessories can be stylish!
- Proporta is the Official Brand License Partner of Ted Baker
- MFi certified cable with Fast Charge
- Rose-gold and Taupe
- Reinforced Nylon Braiding
- Metal Casing
- 1M in Length
- Compatible with Apple products
- Engraved with Ted Baker Branding
Recent product reviews
"Express shipping ?? " Review by customer review
Very nice
(Posted on 11.06.2019 | 13:00)
Recent product reviews
"Express shipping ?? " Review by customer review
Very nice
(Posted on 11.06.2019 | 13:00)
Load more reviews..
All items will be sent using Royal Mail, followed by your local postal service, absolutely free of charge.
Standard Worldwide shipping times, including the free shipping method, are as follows:
Western Europe: 3-5 working days
US and Canada: 7-10 working days
Rest of the world: 7-10 working days
Returns Address
We hope you won't have to but sometimes it just can't be helped and you'll need to return an item. To make this as easy as possible, we have an address label available to download / print at www.proporta.com/returns
Alternatively you can send it back to the address below:
US and Canada returns only:
Proporta.com USA,
303 Emily's Dr.
UK, Europe and Rest of the World Returns Address:
Proporta.com - Returns Department
Unit 3 Woodingdean Business Park
Sea View Way
To check full details of our returns policy, please visit our Help and Support pages
Recommended for you
Quick View
Ted Baker Connected Case for iPhone X / XS – EFRONIA Taupe
Regular Price: $39.95
Special Price: $27.97
Add to basket


text:
Gluten-free baking: Lemon coconut muffins
At work, our baker makes different muffins every day, and she always asks the rest of us what kind of muffins she should make. Last time, I suggested lemon coconut, even though I couldn't eat them -- so I thought it was about time I make them at home!
Yield: approximately 18 small muffins
2 cups brown rice flour
1½ tsp baking powder
1 tsp salt
2 eggs
1 cup brown sugar
1/2 cup margarine
1½ tsp vanilla
1/2 to 3/4 cup soy milk (unsweetened)
1/3 cup coconut (sweetened or unsweetened, your preference)
zest of one lemon
juice of half a lemon
- Mix together rice flour, baking powder and salt
- Cream together eggs, sugar, margarine and vanilla
- Mix soy milk into wet ingredients
- Add dry ingredients to wet and mix until just combined
- Mix in coconut, lemon zest and juice
- Adjust consistency with soy milk if needed
- Pour into greased or lined muffin tins
- Bake at 350 for approx 20 minutes, or until toothpick comes out clean.
These muffins turned out to be the most moist, gluten-free muffins I think I have ever made! I really enjoyed them, and four days later they were still soft and moist.
The muffins look a bit darker in colour than you would think a lemon coconut muffin would look, but this is due to the brown rice flour and brown sugar. I thought they could use a bit more lemon flavour, but my fiancé thought they were perfect. Keep in mind that I am a citrus freak, so feel free to adjust the lemon zest and/or juice to your liking!


text:
competitions, Flash Fiction, micro fiction, mini sagas, poetry publishers, stone age fiction, stories in a hundred words, young writers
Young Writers, who are a children's poetry publisher, have launched a competition in primary schools for key stage two children (aged 7-11), asking them to write a mini saga.
You can access the Young Writers website by clicking on the link here.
Mini sagas, or micro fiction as they are sometimes called, are the shortest of short stories. In this case, the maximum word limit for the mini saga is 100 words per story.
The competition is entitled Stone Age Stories.
The winners will receive £1,000 with £500 as the second prize and £250 as the third prize.
Each child who takes part will receive a book mark and a certificate of merit, and the winning entries will feature in a regional anthology, which the school will receive a complementary copy of.
You can find more information and downloadable forms on the website, which you can access by clicking on the link here.
The teacher can also download (or receive a hard copy by post) of a Key Stage Two lesson plan to help you introduce the topic to the children.
The entries can be returned by free post.
The competition finishes on July 26th 2013.
This could be a perfect way of introducing your class to the key elements of story telling. With such a restrictive word number the children are required to think hard about what elements are absolutely necessary to make a story work, and which things are extraneous. They are also required to be clever and creative with language in order to keep the reader interested, even for such a short time.
Writing mini sagas is a really useful skill to teach children as it can provide excellent foundations for writing longer, more intricate story lines and plots later on in their school career.


text:
Albury-Wodonga headspace to host community forum at Albury Entertainment Centre
The Border's leading youth mental health organisation will ask the community for a report card on its service delivery at a public forum on September 6.
Albury-Wodonga headspace will deliver an update on its progress to date and then invite feedback from the community at the event being held at Albury Entertainment Centre from 1pm to 5.30pm.
The forum will begin with headspace introducing its consortium members and presenting a report card of its own to the community.
Headspace manager Karina Kerr said anyone was welcome to attend but she would love to see family, friends and schools at the event because they represented the "collective heart" of the community.
"We want to let people how many young people have accessed headspace and what types of services they have used," Ms Kerr said.
"It's also an important opportunity to highlight the fact we embrace wholistic service delivery and we are not just a mental health service."
The youth reference group will make a presentation and the community will learn more about the role of consortium members Sureway, The Personnel Group, Albury-Wodonga Aboriginal Health Service, Junction Support Services, YES Unlimited, Mind Australia, Albury-Wodonga Health and lead agent Gateway Health.
Ms Kerr said headspace was mindful of listening to feedback from the people who campaigned long and hard to bring the youth mental health centre here in the first place.
"There has been such huge support from the community that we want to provide information back on what's been done," she said.
"We will also outline future plans such as the youth reference group's plan for our day in October or the fact we are one step closer to offering group work support."
"We need to further develop awareness about the capacity of headspace to help a young person who may present with multiple needs."
- To register phone (02) 6055 9555 or email firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Over the last 9 months I have been organizing and purging like a crazy person. My main goal- to get all the baby stuff OUT of our house. In Michigan I knew we were going to be moving across country so I told myself that was the reason but honestly, I just didn't want to think about babies anymore. I don't love the baby stage.
No more messing with swaddle blankets that I could never seem to get tight enough. Cabinets full of bottles, pacifies and teethers. I no longer have to take a nursing pillow from room to room across my shoulders as I carry a chubby baby in one hand and drag a crying toddler along with my foot. Baby bath tubs, wash clothes and towels are gone. I can walk around my kitchen table now that the highchair has sold. I don't have to vacuum around a jumperoo, play pen and pack and play anymore. Strollers are being phased out and we can pull our second car into the garage.
It was overwhelming to go through it all but felt so liberating to get rid of all the STUFF. I've kept a handful of things that were our favorites, but the majority of the baby great is gone. Adios!
My "babies" are becoming more independent and for the future we are trying to simplify life by not hoarding toys and old items. But something hit me as I was putting away laundry a few months ago- I was hanging my daughter's new size 6/6x size shirts in her closet and they started to slide off the baby hangers. I added "big hangers" to our grocery list and didn't think anything of it until I reread the list a few days later.
Adult. Hangers. There is no transition hanger. There are no preschooler or grade schooler sized hangers. It's straight to the hangers that are currently holding up MY clothing.
I've been in such a hurry to push the next phase and get rid of the junk but switching out these hangers doesn't do anything productive except give me a massive slap in the face that my kids are growing up. I can decide when they are ready to use a sippy cup, sleep outside the crib, when it's time to potty train and teach them their ABCs…but I can not decide when it's time to let them use the adult hangers. That is decided for me when half their clothes are slipping off their baby hangers and laying at the bottom of their closet so I have to send them to church in wrinkles shirts.
It has been weeks since "adult hangers" has been on the shopping list. I have even modified this item to just "hangers" to see if that would make me feel better. It hasn't. I can't buy them for her. I've resorted to folding more and more clothes to put in her dresser instead of hanging. These FREAKING HANGERS!
My goal in writing this post is to MAKE me do this. I'm going to post this and march right out and get the stupid hangers. Hold me accountable friends. I imagine this will be what buying her first bra will feel like. Except hangers last a life time and the plastic hangers I put in her closet might be the same ones she will take to college. I can't even.
Wish me luck. Pray that I won't have a mental breakdown at Target, although it won't be the first time and I'm SURE it won't be the last.


text:
Terms & Conditions Apply
Mon - Fri 9:00am - 5:00pm
Slane Cycles Time:
New colours for 2020 Bianchi have created this disc brake version of their award winning XR4 CV Super frame. Included with the frameset is Oltre Carbon seatpost and the new Vision Metron disc integrated aero handlebar-stem with enclosed routing for the hydraulic brake hoses and the gear cables, ensuring a neat aero finish.
Bianchi Oltre XR4 Disc Frame Kit 2020 Specification
Delivery Information
Delivery to the UK and Ireland : 1- 2 days. Next day delivery to UK destinations is available at an additional charge, depending on item size and weight, details can be found at checkout.
European Destinations : 3 to 5 days
USA, Canada, Japan, Australia and other Far East Destinations 4 to 7 days.
Rest of World: 5- 10 days.
A tracking number with either Royal Mail or Parcel Force web address is emailed to all customers on dispatch of goods.
Further information on shipping charges.
We accept the return of goods only if they are unopened (except in cases where the item has to be tried for fit) and in their original condition. If you return goods as detailed, within 30 days, we will issue a full refund for the price you paid for the item.
If there is a fault or malfunction with an item please return the goods to us with the original receipt and packaging.We will forward the items to the relevant manufacturer's warranty department. Delays in return of warranty items are the responsibility of the manufacturers and we cannot be held responsible, we will however endeavour to have all warranty issues resolved as speedily as possible.
If the item returned is found not to be defective or sent by mistake by us; you will be responsible for the postage charges and the costs of any other services provided to you in connection with your purchase. If items are returned for a straight exchange due to change of size/colour a further postage and package charge will be have to be made.


text:
Lack of maintenance
Peter Henderson, Kyneton
As a concerned resident, community member and recently elected board member of Kyneton and District Town Square Co-op, I am very concerned at the lack of attention and maintenance at the former Kyneton Primary School site.
The students left in March this year and to my knowledge NO maintenance has been done on the site since then, the deciduous trees have dropped their leaves and blocked almost all spouting and downpipes, the grassed area has not been mowed (apart from some community minded residents who mowed earlier in the year).
The local member has not been able to find out who is ultimately responsible for the site, and meanwhile it just sits waiting to be either flooded due to leaves in spouting (the site has a history of flooding due to the leaf litter in spouting and drains) or the overgrown grass will become a hazard or eyesore. The community is very proud of the site and does not want it to turn into another Kyneton hospital fiasco and just left to deteriorate.
Please let us know who will be responsible for the maintenance, or hand over the general upkeep to a community group such as the newly formed Kyneton and District Town Square Co-op, we will then organise local working bees to maintain the old school site.


text:
[05 Feb 2019 | Tuesday]
Experienced, fully-qualified, NIE-trained Malay tutor offering one-to-one Malay tuition for PSLE and O Level students
Enjoy premium private Malay Language tuition with a certified, NIE-trained, award-winning educator, former MOE Malay teacher and experienced native Malay tutor at your preferred time & place. Learn Malay Language with Dr Elmi Zulkarnain Osman if you want to score distinctions in your Malay language examinations. Dr Elmi is the most recommended Malay tuition teacher for 1-to-1 Malay home tuition to effectively prepare students for PSLE, O Level, N Level, A level, MSP, IB Ab Initio exams and Conversational Malay language proficiency or placement tests in Singapore.


text:
Nowadays there is lot of buzz is going around with a technology called Blockchain. A lot of people are wondering 'what is it?' Meanwhile many of the industry giants have already invested in Blockchain start-ups. Banks and financial institutions are adopting this technology faster than expected.
Nowadays, a lot of buzz is going around about a technology named Blockchain. Lots of people are wondering 'what it is', meanwhile many of the industry giants have already invested in Blockchain start-ups. Banks and financial institutions are adopting this technology faster than expected. C# Corner also launched Blockchain learning for developers' awareness. Thank you C# Corner team.
In this article, we are going to discuss the basics of blockchain and questions like why, what, and how.
WHY Blockchain?
To understand the issue with existing system, first let's have a look at traditional money transfer methods.
This looks good, but what if,
Solution to such queries is BLOCKCHAIN. Author Satoshi Nakamoto published a document in 2008 regarding peer to peer digital currency (named as bitcoin) transfer with a trust-less system. Blockchain is the technological term behind bitcoin network implementation.
What is Blockchain?
To resolve the issues associated with centralized ledger, blockchain recommends maintaining transaction's copy at every user which will make the ledger distributed. All transactions will be maintained in a sequential manner. Every transaction named BLOCK will contain unique ID of previous transaction (block). It will form a chain of blocks connected with each other and hence the BLOCKCHAIN.
How Blockchain works?
We need to remove dependency on third party trust. So, people with the same thought would come together and form a group, termed as a NETWORK. This group will have network ids of each other but unaware of id to user mapping. Every user in network will have its own container for transactions, termed as LEDGER. Whenever transaction happens, it will get added to that container.
Let's say we have 5 users in the network (details mentioned in diagram, name and their IDs). Assume that buyer and seller (from previous example) also joined this network for a fund transfer.
Users will validate the block by checking balance of Buyer account, if he has sufficient balance, transaction will be approved and every user will add this block to their ledgers.
How sender is validated?
When user creates a block, user also needs to send digitally signed data with the block. User will have private key associated with the account to sign the data. Other network users will verify transaction by providing public key to validation algorithm.
What is Mining?
There is puzzle associated with the block. After validating the transaction data, network users need to solve this puzzle to publish the block as valid block to other users. This is a mathematical puzzle which involves Hash Function. Hash function is a one way function which does complex mathematical operations on input data and gives output. It is difficult to find out input data by looking at the output. Hence, it is also called irreversible.
Let's take an example. The puzzle is to find out the value of 'x' where x is previous block hash and current transaction data when provided to HASH function, it will give output data starting with string '4444' (like 4444……….667)
To find out value of 'x', users need to try different values of 'x' and feed it to HASH function to see the output. This will consume CPU for processing. The more CPUs you have, the faster you can solve the puzzle. Those who take part in solving puzzles are called as MINERS. They are mining the block by computing efforts.
One who solves the puzzle, will broadcast the block with value of 'x' i.e. solution of puzzle named as 'nonce'. Other users will check output by passing nonce value and other parameters to hash function. If the majority of users agree, the block will be added to the individual ledgers.
In our case, if Akshay (#4444) mined the block, he will send block with nonce value to all users. They will verify the nonce value and if valid, they will update respective ledgers. This is how ledgers will be kept updated. If in future, anyone tampered with the block data, this 'nonce' will allow network users to check integrity of block data.
This is all about Blockchain basics. In upcoming articles, we will look into Ethereum Blockchain as a Service by Azure.
View All


text:
The Lindeman Prize to Terje Tønnesen and the Norwegian Chamber Orchestra
The Lindeman Prize Committee describes Tønnesen as an "excellent insrtumentalist and inspiring leader in his personal and uncompromising search for new and 'true' artistic expressions."
"The Norwegian Chamber Orchestra maintains an exceptional place in Norwegian music society, yet is perceived as being continually under development," says Einar Solbu, leader of the Lindeman Prize Committee, to lindemanslegat.no. The Committee feels the orchestra presents a compelling and inventive programming, and that it has been successful in its initiative to expand the concert arena.
Award ceremony at the Norwegian Academy of Music 11. October
The prize will be given at a formal ceremony at the Norwegian Academy of Music 11. October.
Young Musicians' Lindeman Prize
During the ceremony the Young Musicians' Lindeman Prize will be awarded. The winner of this prize, of 50 000 Norwegian kroner, will be announced on the same day.
Read more on Lindeman Prizes' website