text:
In this study, we show that an inhibitor of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, D,l-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol (PDMP), increases the chemosensitivity of neuroblastoma tumor cells for Taxol and vincristine. At noneffective low doses of Taxol or vincristine, the addition of a noneffective dose of PDMP resulted in 70% cytotoxicity, indicating synergy. Such an effect was not observed for etoposide (VP16). PDMP caused an early (6 h) increase in ceramide (Cer) levels, but the excess Cer was metabolically removed in the long-term (96 h). However, upon incubation with PDMP in combination with Taxol, but not with etoposide, Cer levels remained elevated at 96 h. These results suggest that neuroblastoma cells are normally able to metabolically remove excess Cer, but lose this capacity upon exposure to microtubule modulating anticancer agents (Taxol or vincristine). In addition, PDMP treatment resulted in a decreased efflux of [14C]Taxol and [3H]vincristine from neuroblastoma cells, similar to treatment with PSC833 or MK571, suggesting an effect of PDMP on the transporter proteins P-glycoprotein and/or multidrug resistance protein. PDMP did not further reduce[ 14C]Taxol or [3H]vincristine efflux in PSC833-treated cells, although it did further diminish cell survival under these conditions. We conclude that a combined administration of nontoxic concentrations of PDMP and either Taxol or vincristine results in highly sensitized neuroblastoma cells. This appears to involve a sustained elevation of Cer levels, possibly in concert with increased drug accumulation.
Neuroblastoma is a common solid tumor in childhood (1) . The majority of children with neuroblastoma present with advanced disease and require chemotherapy as the primary approach for treatment. Treatment failure is largely attributable to resistance to a diverse range of structurally and functionally unrelated drugs called MDR3 (2 , 3) . A variety of cellular mechanisms have been shown to play a role in the clinical response of neuroblastoma to chemotherapy (4, 5, 6) . Increased drug efflux by transporter proteins P-gp, which is encoded by the MDR1 gene and MRP, enhanced intracellular drug detoxification, and altered drug targets are well known mechanisms of drug resistance. After the observation that etoposide (VP16) induces programmed cell death (7 , 8) , which was later extended to other chemotherapeutic agents, the inability of tumor cells to activate the apoptotic response has been proposed as a fundamental drug resistance mechanism. Interestingly, many chemotherapeutic agents, such as vincristine, daunorubicin, and 1-β-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine, have also been shown to induce apoptosis through accumulation of Cer (9, 10, 11) . In addition, it has been recently established that MDR cells accumulate GlcCer, a metabolic product of Cer and a precursor for glycosphingolipid biosynthesis (12) . Furthermore, agents that reverse MDR were shown to inhibit GlcCer synthetase (13) . In conclusion, MDR cells have the ability to metabolically remove Cer by a high rate of conversion into GlcCer.
PDMP is a well-known inhibitor of Cer glycosylation, resulting in decreased GlcCer levels and often an accumulation of Cer (14) . In addition, PDMP has been shown to inhibit protein transport through the Golgi complex and from the Golgi to the plasma membrane (15) , possibly as a result of elevated levels of Cer (16) . Recently, we have shown that PDMP blocks membrane transport in the endoplastic reticulum /Golgi system, not through its effects on sphingolipid metabolism, but rather by modulation of calcium homeostasis. Interestingly, this effect of PDMP could be mimicked by the MRP1 inhibitor MK571 (17) . These results indicate that disruption of intracellular membrane transport may contribute to decreased drug resistance in MDR cells.
In addition to decreasing levels of GlcCer, long-term PDMP treatment results in the reduction of complex glycolipids, including gangliosides. Neuroblastoma cells contain relatively high amounts of these sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids (18) . Recently, we have shown that gangliosides shed by these and other tumor cells have inhibitory effects on the hemopoietic system (19 , 20) , whereby blocking the biosynthesis of gangliosides and their shedding with PDMP results in abrogation of their inhibitory effects on hemopoiesis (19) . The present study was aimed to establish PDMP also as a direct reducer of neuroblastoma cell survival. We show that PDMP highly sensitizes neuroblastoma cells to treatment with microtubule-affecting cytostatics and provides evidence for the involvement of sustained Cer accumulation and possibly increased drug accumulation in this process.
Cell Lines.
Murine neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2a or C1300) were grown as adherent monolayer cultures in 75-cm2 Falcon flasks in DMEM (Life Technologies, Breda, the Netherlands) supplemented with 10% FCS (Hyclone, Logan, Utah) and 2 mm l-glutamine (Life Technologies), 1 mm sodium pyruvate (Life Technologies), 100 units/ml penicillin (Life Technologies), and 100 μg/ml streptomycin (Life Technologies) under standard incubator conditions (humidified atmosphere; 95% air and 5% CO2; 37°C).
Measurement of Cellular Sensitivity to Cytotoxic Drugs.
Drug sensitivities of the Neuro-2a and C1300 cells were determined with the tetrazolium salt WST-1 test (Boehringer Mannheim, Almere, the Netherlands). Neuro-2a cells (1000/well) or C1300 (5000/well) were seeded into 96-microtiter plates (six replicate) and incubated for 24 h to adhere. Thereafter, cytotoxic drugs (Taxol/vincristine/VP16) in various concentrations, either with or without the inhibitors MK571 (a kind gift from Professor A.W. Ford-Hutchinson; Merck-Frosst Inc., Kirkland, Canada) or PSC833 (provided by Novartis Pharma Inc., Basel, Switzerland) and either with or without PDMP (Matreya Inc., Pleasant Gap, PA), were added to a total volume of 100 μl. After 72 h of incubation, 10 μl of WST-1 was added to each well. WST-1 tetrazolium salt is cleaved to formazan by the succinate-tetrazolium reductase system, which belongs to the respiratory chain of the mitochondria, and this only occurs in viable cells. The formazan dye was quantified using an ELISA reader (450 nm).
MRP1 and P-gp Expression Measured by Flow Cytometry.
Cells (0.5 × 106) were permeabilized in 10% (v/v) lysing solution (Becton Dickinson Medical Systems, Sharon, MA) in H2O and incubated for 15 min in PBS/BSA (2%) containing 1% normal goat serum. The cells were incubated for 1 h at 4°C in 200 μl PBS/BSA (2%) with the monoclonal antibody UIC2 (1 μg/ml; IgG2; Immunotech, Mijdrecht, the Netherlands) or MRPm6 (10 μg/ml; IgG1; kindly donated by Professor R. J. Scheper, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) or the mouse isotype-matched control monoclonal antibodies. Antibody binding was detected with R-Phycoerythrin-labeled rabbit antimouse immunoglobulins (Dako, Glostrup, Denmark). Fluorescence was measured by flow cytometry (FACStar, Becton Dickinson Medical Systems, Sharon, MA). For each sample, 10,000 events were collected. Protein expressions are given as the ratio of mean fluorescence of UIC2/IgG2 control or MRPm6/IgG1 control.
Flow Cytometric Detection of P-gp and MRP1-mediated Drug Efflux.
The efflux by tumor cells of Rho123 (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO) or CF, in the absence or presence of the P-gp inhibitor PSC833 or the MRP1 inhibitor MK571, respectively, was measured flow cytometrically, as previously described (21) . Neuro-2a or C1300 cells (1 × 106) were incubated for 20 min at 37°C in RPMI 1640 medium, containing either 200 ng/ml Rho123 or 0.1μ m CFDA (Sigma), with or without inhibitor (2 μg/ml PSC833 or 20 μm MK571, respectively). Cells were washed with ice-cold medium, resuspended in medium with or without inhibitor, and incubated for 60 min at 37°C (efflux). Efflux was stopped by the substitution with ice-cold medium, followed by the measurement of Rho123/CF fluorescence by flow cytometry (FACStar, Becton Dickinson Medical Systems, Sharon, MA). The Rho123/CF fluorescence of 10,000 events was logarithmically measured at a wavelength of 488 nm through a 530-nm band-pass filter. These signals were converted into linear values and expressed as relative fluorescence units (rel. F.U.) using win-list 2.0 software (Verity Software House Inc. Topsham, ME). Values from cells incubated with Rho123/CFDA only, i.e., without inhibitors, served as baseline Rho123/CFDA uptake. The BF was defined as follows: The doxorubicin-resistant P-gp-overexpressing subclone 2780AD (22) , derived from the A2780 human ovarian carcinoma cell line, served as a positive control for PSC833 blocking of Rho123. The doxorubicin-resistant MRP1-overexpressing subclone GLC4/ADR (21) , derived from the GLC4 human small cell lung cancer cell line, served as a positive control for MK571 blocking of CF.
[14C]Taxol or [3H]vincristine Efflux Studies.
Neuro-2a cells were incubated with 3 ml of Hanks' solution, containing either 0.01 μCi [14C]Taxol (44.5 mCi/mmol; Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO) or 1 μCi[ 3H]vincristine (5.7 Ci/mmol; Amersham, Buckinghamshire, England) for 20 min at 37°C, followed by washing with ice-cold Hanks' solution. Thereafter, the cells were incubated for 60 min at 37°C in the absence (control) or presence of PDMP (5μ m), PSC833 (2 μg/ml), MK571 (20 μm), or combinations of these drugs. Cells and incubation medium were then separated, and the radioactive content was measured in a scintillation counter. The efflux was expressed as a percentage and defined as (radioactivity in efflux medium)/total radioactivity × 100%.
Radiolabeling and Analysis of Cellular Cer Levels.
The total pool of sphingolipids was radiolabeled by growing the cells in the presence of 3 μCi/ml[ 3H]l-serine (30 Ci/mmol; Amersham), a precursor for sphingolipid biosynthesis. After 48 h of incubation, the medium was removed, and the cells were fixed in ice-cold CH3OH, followed by lipid extraction from the cells (23) . Aliquots of the lipid extracts were taken for the determination of the total amount of lipid-incorporated radioactivity. Acylglycerolipids were hydrolyzed during 1 h of incubation at 37°C in CHCl3/CH3OH (1:1, v/v) containing 0.1 m KOH. The remaining lipids were re-extracted and applied on high performance thin-layer chromatography plates. Plates were developed in CHCl3/CH3OH/H2O (14:6:1, v/v) in the first dimension and in CHCl3/CH3COOH (9:1, v/v) in the second dimension to resolve Cer. Cer-containing spots were scraped and subjected to scintillation counting. The effects of cytotoxic agents and PDMP on Cer levels were determined by growing the cells, after overnight adherence, for 4 days in medium containing[ 3H]serine. Drugs were present for the entire 4-day period or only the final 6 h before the end of the incubation. Treatment with 0.1 units/ml bacterial sphingomyelinase (Sigma) for the final 2 h of the incubation served as positive control (maximal Cer formation from sphingomyelin; see Ref. 23 ).
Statistical Analysis.
The unpaired two tailed Student's t test was used for statistical analysis. Values of P < 0.05 were considered to indicate statistically significant differences between data sets.
PDMP Chemosensitizes Neuro-2a Cells to Taxol.
The ability of PDMP to enhance the cytotoxic effect of Taxol was evaluated by exposing Neuro-2a cells to increasing concentrations of Taxol in combination with a range of nontoxic doses (1–10μ m) of PDMP. In the presence of Taxol, a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect of PDMP was observed (Fig. 1)⇓ . The IC50 value for Taxol was well above 100 nm, but shifted to 46.4 and 22.4 nm in the presence of 2.5 and 5 μm PDMP, respectively.
PDMP Also Acts as a Chemosensitizer for Vincristine, but not for VP16.
A similar chemosensitizing effect of PDMP was observed in the case of vincristine-induced cytotoxicity of Neuro-2a cells (Fig. 2A⇓ ). Cell survival decreased from 100% (±9; n > 3) to 32% (±5; n > 3) with the addition of 5μ m PDMP at a low dose of vincristine (5 ng/ml). The IC50 value for vincristine decreased from 21.3 to 3.7 ng/ml at 5 μm PDMP. In contrast to Taxol and vincristine, PDMP had no additional effect on VP16-induced cytotoxicity of Neuro-2a cells. The IC50 value for VP16 was 260 ng/ml in both VP16- and VP16/PDMP-treated cells (Fig. 2B⇓ ).
The Synergistic Effect of PDMP on Taxol Cytotoxicity Appears to Involve Sustained Generation of Cer.
PDMP is known for its inhibitory action on glycosphingolipid biosynthesis (14) . PDMP treatment results in reduced levels of GlcCer, more complex glycolipids, and increased levels of Cer. Cer is a mediator of programmed cell death (24 , 25) . Therefore, we investigated whether Cer levels were enhanced under conditions where PDMP showed a chemosensitizing effect. When Neuro-2a cells were treated with Taxol, VP16, PDMP, or combinations for 6 h, Cer levels increased ∼33% when PDMP was present (Table 1)⇓ . No synergistic effect of PDMP in combination with either Taxol or VP16 on the Cer level was observed. On the other hand, long-term Taxol treatment resulted in a marginally significant increase of 22% (P = 0.058) in Cer levels, whereas it decreased by 27% in the case of VP16. Interestingly, although PDMP was ineffective alone, when it was in combination with Taxol, a synergistic effect was observed on increasing Cer levels. In contrast, PDMP did not affect the reduction of Cer levels as a consequence of VP16 treatment. Thus, the chemosensitizing effect of PDMP on Taxol cytotoxicity correlated with a synergistic effect on increasing Cer levels. In the case of VP16, neither chemosensitization nor Cer increase was observed after PDMP cotreatment.
PDMP-induced Chemosensitization Is Not Restricted to Neuro-2a Cells.
C1300 cells, with a different plasma membrane ganglioside composition, were more sensitive to Taxol (Fig. 3)⇓ , with a cell survival of 37% (± 5; n > 3) at a concentration of 50 nm Taxol, whereas Neuro-2a cells remained insensitive at this concentration (cell survival of 95%± 5%; n > 3; see Fig. 1⇓ ). Still, PDMP acted as a chemosensitizer for Taxol cytotoxicity in C1300 cells. The IC50 value for Taxol decreased from 43.3 to 16.7 nm at 5 μm PDMP (Fig. 3)⇓ . Similar to Neuro-2a cells, a synergistic effect of PDMP on vincristine cytotoxicity was observed in C1300 cells, whereas PDMP again had no effect on VP16 cytotoxicity (data not shown).
PDMP Affects Drug Efflux from Neuroblastoma Cells.
We first analyzed whether MDR-related efflux pumps (P-gp and/or MRP1) were functionally expressed in Neuro-2a/C1300 cells. When measured by flow cytometry, P-gp and MRP1 expression in Neuro-2a/C1300 cells were low compared to their expression in 2780AD (158 ± 18) and GLC4/ADR (4.1 ± 0.2), respectively (Table 2)⇓ . Rho123/CFDA efflux studies showed that functional activities of P-gp and MRP were low as well based on the low BF values in both Neuro-2a and C1300 cells as compared to 2780AD (BF = 93 ± 10.8) and GLC4/ADR cells (BF = 45.9 ± 5.8; Table 3⇓ ).
To test whether PDMP had an effect on the efflux of cytotoxic drugs, Neuro-2a cells were loaded with either[ 14C]-Taxol or[ 3H]vincristine. The efflux of the radiolabeled drugs was measured either in the presence or absence of PDMP and/or the MDR inhibitors PSC833 or MK571 (Table 4)⇓ . The efflux of [14C]Taxol was reduced by all compounds, with PSC833 being most effective. Similar results were obtained with [3H]vincristine, although in this case, MK571 was most effective. Additive effects of PDMP and MDR inhibitors were not observed.
PDMP Increases Cytotoxicity When Used in Combination with Taxol and PSC833.
A chemosensitizing effect of PDMP was still observed when Neuro-2a cells were cotreated with Taxol (10 nm), PSC833 (2μ g/ml), and PDMP (10 μm). Cell survival decreased to 17% (±1; n > 3) compared to 25% (±12; n > 3) of cells treated with a combination of Taxol and PSC833 only (Fig. 4)⇓ . There is a clear relation between Cer levels and cell survival. Increased Cer levels were measured with the use of the diglyceride kinase assay. A 10-fold increase compared to the control was found in the combined treatment of Taxol, PDMP, and PSC833, whereas the combination of Taxol and PSC833 resulted in a 7-fold increase (data not shown).
We have previously shown that PDMP could abrogate the inhibitory effects of neuroblastoma-derived gangliosides on hemopoiesis in vitro by inhibiting their biosynthesis and shedding (19) . In the present work, we investigated whether PDMP also directly reduced the survival of neuroblastoma cells. This was studied by analyzing whether PDMP, in a nontoxic dose, exerts synergistic effects on chemotherapeutic treatment of neuroblastoma cells using an in vitro cell proliferation (WST) assay. In the case of the microtubule-effecting antimitotic agents, Taxol and vincristine, PDMP showed a strong synergistic reduction of neuroblastoma cell survival. In contrast, synergism was not observed with the topoisomerase II inhibitor VP16.
PDMP, an inhibitor of Cer glucosylation, is known to result in the accumulation of Cer (14) , at least in the initial period following treatment. At longer term, cells are capable of removing excess Cer through diverse metabolic pathways (23 , 26) . Cer is a well-known mediator of programmed cell death (24 , 25) . Daunorubicin-induced cell death has been shown to be mediated by Cer generated either through sphingomyelin hydrolysis (11) or by de novo biosynthesis (10) . Recently, Myrick et al. (27) demonstrated a potentiation of Taxol-mediated apoptosis in leukemic cells by Cer. Therefore, we investigated whether Cer accumulation occurred only under those conditions resulting in the negative synergistic effect of PDMP on cell survival. Our results show that PDMP elevates Cer levels after relatively short-term (6 h) incubations, but Cer levels have returned to normal after long-term (4 days) treatment. The short-term increase in Cer levels also occurs in the presence of VP16 (as well as Taxol). Clearly, if Cer accumulation is involved in the synergistic negative effect of combined treatment with PDMP/Taxol on cell survival, a short-term increase in the level of this sphingolipid is not sufficient. Interestingly, Neuro-2a cells treated with both PDMP and Taxol showed a significant long-term accumulation of Cer. On the other hand, long-term VP16 treatment did not raise the level of Cer, but rather caused a decrease, which was similar in the absence or presence of PDMP. These results are in agreement with the lack of synergistic effects on cell survival with PDMP/VP16 in contrast to PDMP/Taxol. Taken together, short-term treatment with PDMP results in a Cer excess, which upon metabolic removal does not result in long-term loss of cell viability. However, in the case of cotreatment with the microtubule-affecting agent, Taxol, the decrease in cell survival correlated with long-term Cer accumulation.
PDMP also inhibits the formation of gangliosides in neuroblastoma cells (19) . Gangliosides are implicated in the regulation of proliferation, differentiation, tumor progression, immunosuppression, and MDR (28, 29, 30) . Although heterogeneity in ganglioside composition in drug-resistant and drug-sensitive cells has been reported, no direct correlation with drug resistance has been demonstrated (31) . We consider the involvement of specific gangliosides in chemosensitization of neuroblastoma cells by PDMP unlikely for two reasons. First, the ganglioside composition of Neuro-2a and C1300 cells is very different (19) , and second, both cells are susceptible to PDMP-enhanced Taxol cytotoxicity.
In addition to a role for long-term Cer accumulation, the chemosensitizing effect of PDMP could (partly) be mediated by increased accumulation of the cytotoxic drugs. This effect could result from PDMP-inhibited drug efflux mediated by the MDR proteins P-gp and/or MRP. Flow-cytometric assays employing a fluorescent P-gp or MRP substrate revealed that the functional activity of these transporters was low in Neuro-2a/C1300 cells as compared to cell lines abundantly expressing P-gp (2780AD) or MRP1 (GLC4/ADR). This argues against a major impact on cell survival of inhibition of the activity of these transporters. However, PDMP did appear to cause some inhibition of[ 14C]Taxol and[ 3H]vincristine efflux, similar to the P-gp and MRP inhibitors PSC833 and MK571, respectively. Yet, we consider the contribution of such an effect to the observed long-term synergistic action of PDMP on cell survival limited for the following reasons: (a) If PDMP treatment resulted in a significant increase in the intracellular concentration of Taxol by modulation of MDR activity, it would also be expected to occur for VP16 because removal of structurally unrelated compounds is a characteristic of MDR proteins; (b) PDMP did not have an additional effect on[ 14C]Taxol efflux in PSC833-treated cells (Table 4)⇓ . However, under similar conditions, PDMP further reduced cell survival (Fig. 4)⇓ .This decreased cell survival correlated with increased Cer levels (data not shown).
In summary, we have obtained evidence for a chemosensitizing effect of PDMP on neuroblastoma cells treated with the microtubule-affecting antimitotic agents, Taxol and vincristine. Although a contribution of drug efflux inhibition by PDMP cannot be excluded, this synergistic effect correlates with long-term Cer accumulation. After an initial rise of Cer (6 h) in PDMP-treated cells, the levels return to normal at the long term (4 days). This most likely involves metabolism of Cer to other sphingolipids, such as galactosylceramide and sphingomyelin, and possibly breakdown via sphingosine. However, when microtubules were stabilized by Taxol or disrupted by vincristine, Cer levels remained elevated. This suggests that due to blocking of transport processes in the cell, which require dynamic microtubular function, Cer is less efficiently metabolized. In the case of VP16, which reduces cell viability by an entirely different mechanism, long-term Cer accumulation does not occur even after cotreatment with PDMP. Thus, the present study provides evidence for a chemosensitizing effect of PDMP in neuroblastoma cells and opens new perspectives in improving the therapeutic efficacy of cytotoxic agents against malignancies. In fact, PDMP exerts a dual effect: In addition to strongly reducing the viability of Taxol/vincristine-treated neuroblastoma cells, it diminishes the adverse effects of neuroblastoma-derived gangliosides on hemopoiesis by inhibiting ganglioside biosynthesis and shedding.
We thank Dr. E. G. E. de Vries (University Hospital Groningen, the Netherlands) for the 2780AD and GLC4/ADR cell lines, and Dr. R. Versteeg (University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands) for the Neuro-2a cell line.
The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.
↵1 Supported by a grant from the Groningen Foundation of Pediatric Oncology (KOCG 94–03). Jan Willem Kok was supported by a fellowship of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.
↵2 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Department of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands. Phone: 31-50-3632725/3632743; Fax: 31-50-3632728; E-mail: j.w.kok{at}med.rug.nl
↵3 The abbreviations used are: MDR, multidrug resistance; BF, efflux-blocking factor; Cer, ceramide; GlcCer, glucosylceramide; CF, 5-carboxyfluorescein; CFDA, CF diacetate; MRP, multidrug resistance protein; PDMP, D, l-threo-1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol; P-gp, P-glycoprotein; Rho123, rhodamine 123.
- Received July 9, 1999.
- Revision received December 6, 1999.
- Accepted December 6, 1999.


text:
We rent out:
Come along to a guided SUP tour! This tour offers balance and more! On this tour you will learn not only how to achieve perfect balance while you stand up and paddle on calm waters of Lake Thun, . The breathtaking mountain scenery around the lake will come alive with the stories and facts about what you are seeing. We will stop at the rocks at Sundalauenen and if you are brave enough you can jump off the cliffs into the deep water of Lake Thun.
The early bird catches the worm! Early morning is best time to soak in the peace and tranquility of Lake Thun. Experience the lake's serene beauty when the town is just waking up. Gift yourself a new perspective as dawn breaks over the lake. Morning's calm waters make paddling easy. A perfect start to the day full of fun and joy!
The perfect tour to learn how to paddle with a Surfski (sit on top kayak). Glide at high speed over the lake of Thun and steer the Surfski Pro Kayak with your feet paddle which is connected with the rudder at the back of the kayak. Enjoy the fantastic views on this unique alpine lake while you train your balance and core muscle
Rent a motorboat and explore the wonderful mountain lake of Thun. Pass by the Beatus Caves with its waterfall, drive into the harbour of Spiez to se the castle from the lake or just jump into the crystal clear water for a swim. It is all up to you : You are the captain! 1 hour: 79,- Swiss Franks 2 hours: 150,- Swiss Franks 3 hours: 195,- Swiss Franks 4 hours: 230,- Swiss Franks 5 hours: 260,- Swiss Franks full day: 350,- Swiss Franks To reserve the boat you can use the inquiry button or simply call us under +41 79 789 57 32
We have the perfect stand up paddle board (SUP) for everybody. Rent your board and explore the beautiness of lake Thun....
Paddle on the lake Thun with one of our kayaks and enjoy the bautiness and freedom of the Swiss Alps....
Whether old or young: paddle boat (pedalo) is definately fun for everybody and the easiest way to get out on the lake....
First enjoy a unique tandem flight over Interlaken with view to the Jungfrau massif and the wonderful mountain lakes. After a soft landing in the centre of Interlaken you can be photographed at "Heidi's Photo Chalet" in front of your favourite background thanks to a "green screen". If desired the picture can be taken with requisites such as traditional Swiss costume and accessories. An unforgettable photo fun for young and old! Instead of the regular price of 199.- (flight 170,- / Photo Chalet 29.-) you save CHF 19.- and only pay CHF 180.- !
First take a seat in Switzerlands first Jetboat and enjoy full 360° spins on the lake of Brienz. And not only that: You will have the chance to see the majestic Giesbach Falls and stunning mountains.... The alpine landscape is absolute unique. Your captain knows the lake inside out and will give you information about the the surrounding and region. After your return you are ready for a wonderful tandemflight above Interlaken. Fly over Lake Thun and enjoy the view of the snowy summits of the Jungfrau as you soar above Interlaken. Nothing can beat these breathtaking views. With this unbeatable packaged you can save 49,- Franks. Instead of 269,- you only have to pay 220,- and two of the best adventures combined. You can also chose to go flying first and enter the Jetboat afterwards. PLEASE NOTE: You can reserve your flight time and date directly. For the Jetboat Ride reservation you have to send us a mail to email@example.com with the required date and time and we will send you a confirmation for the Jetride.
First enjoy a unique tandem flight over Interlaken with view to the Jungfrau massif and the wonderful mountain lakes. After a soft landing in the centre of Interlaken you can join the workshop at the Funky Chocolate club: Taste, create and decorate your own chocolate. You will get your certificate of Chocolatier Achievement..... Great fun for the whole family! You could also do the workshop first and go for the paragliding aftwerwards. The original price for the Chocolate Workshop is 69,- Swiss Franks and 170,- Swiss Franks for the flight. By booking this package you save 20,- Swiss Franks!

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Playbook Execution
Playbook is a workflow implementation engine that drives clinical, financial and operational change within the organization to improve enterprise performance.
Playbooks are comprised of the financial, network, clinical and operational performance improvement opportunities, or "Plays", selected by management for implementation. Each Play is valued, timetabled for implementation and assigned to an owner. Progress is updated and reported on a periodic basis.
ISAACTM is the only value-based care performance analytic system with Playbooks to link opportunities with execution.
Playbooks are used to:
- Build financial operating plans associated with selected "Plays"
- Build project implementation plans and timetables
- Assign accountability around execution.
- Monitor and report implementation progress and financial results.


text:
Thread #338
by: nickmate
November 19th, 2008
What´s the proper name for . . .
What´s the proper name for a parallel hull, or hull-ette, that is typically a log next to a primitive canoe or kayak, which stabilises, a bit like stabilisers on a child´s bicycle?
by: sbaker
November 23rd, 2008
What´s the proper name for . . .
I´ve only ever heard of it called an ´Outrigger´ or ´pontoon´ but I don´t believe either of those are correct.
Did a bit of a search and found this link:
Calling it an ´ama´ which is confirmed on several other web sites.
Fair Winds
- and watch for squals from leeward
Scott W. Baker
|RSS feed
|Feed Description
|Full RSS feed
|Complete RSS feed
|RSS feed for: Questions
|A Rich Site Summary (RSS) feed is an xml data file that provides a summary of the information contained here. It is not designed to be viewed in your browser, but instead by rss reader software. If you do not know what this means - you can safely ignore it, as it is provided for advanced users with rss reader software only.
To contribute to our forums you must login. New members can register for a user account.


text:
Kendal Lawn Tennis Club
Clubs don't just run smoothly by magic and this one is managed by a committee elected from the membership. We are always looking for new committee members so please do volunteer if you're interested in running your club. There are around 8 committee meetings each year and an AGM in November.
President: Alan Thomas
Chair: Caz Graham
Secretary: Gillian Cochrane
Membership Secretary: Dave Knight
Club Captain: David Parry
Treasurer: Veronica Johnson
Junior Secretary: Sean Green
John Studholme, Peter Kelly, Jon Griffin, Diane Reddin, Dave Knight, John Blythe, Erica Ferreira, Jack Goldie.
Would you like to get involved with running the club? The more members we have helping out, the better we'll be.
Being a committee member doesn't need to be onerous, just turn up for a meeting every month or so and help make sure the club stays on track.
Or if you can help in any other way, just let us know. Maintenance? Weeding? Publicity? We'd love to hear from you.
We're a pretty relaxed club but we do have a set of rules to make sure everyone gets a fair deal when they play at KLTC.
You can see them here:
You can see our Safeguarding and Diversity policies on the notice board in the club house and download details here too.
You are viewing the text version of this site.
Need help? check the requirements page.


text:
Fort Rock Directory!
Fort Rock is one of the only big things Southwest Florida has going on, and Immortal Music is hoping to cover it for the second year in a row. This year its going to be the biggest one yet, and the absolute biggest festival Immortal Music has ever tried to cover.
Because of that, we thought it would be a good idea to get as much coverage as possible done for it, and of course that starts way in advance. We've decided to start a series that will last now until the week of the festival, where we talk about different artists that are performing. Its kind of a fun way to give people some information on each band, while giving some opinions on each one. These opinions do not always come from Immortal Music alone, we are trying to include fans as well, as often as we're capable.
Then we will also have some random blog posts regarding the festival, album reviews, and of course, news. The festival is about five months away as of right now, so there's going to be a lot of content! To keep it all contained and neat in one place, we decided to make a directory of all the content. We have done this once before for a festival that happened in October 10, and some of the artists that played Rock Allegiance 2015 are also playing Fort Rock 2016. So, we thought we would include some of the relevant content from that as well. It may not have been written with Fort Rock in mind, but is still relevant. We only included reviews that were written with Rock Allegiance in mind, because all the news is old now. That being said, we did include some stuff that was written just before Fort Rock was announced because it related to artists playing the festival.
If you want to look back, please feel free to do so here. Now let's get on with the content.
-Previously Written (For Rock Allegiance) -
All of these were written September 2015 or sooner.
Venomous Rat Regeneration Vendor -Rob Zombie
Saint Asonia -Saint Asonia
Got Your Six -Five Finger Death Punch
Shapeless Art EP- The Glorious Sons
That's The Spirit -Bring Me The Horizon
-November 2015-
Fort Rock dates Announced! (11-23-15)
Lamb Of God cancels European Tour for safety (11-23-15)
Disturbed And Saint Asonia Tour- (11-23-15)
Five Finger Death Punch Awarded by US Army (11-26-15)
Blog Posts:
Fort Rock 2016 Predictions (11-23-15)
-December 2015-
Fort Rock 2016 Lineup Announced (12-7-15)
Rob Zombie's Sixth Studio album (12-21-15)
Vegan Bring Me The Horizon Burger (12-22-15)
Asking Alexandria -The Black (12-28-15)
Bring Me The Horizon Go Gold! (12-30-15)
Blog Posts:
Lucky Guesses -(12-7-15)
Fort Rock Project -(12-19-15)
Rob Zombie (Fort Rock Project #1) -(12-19-15)
Five Finger Death Punch (Fort Rock Project #2) -(12-22-15)
A Day To Remember (Fort Rock Project #3) -12-28-15
Favorite Songs of 2015 -12-30-15
-January 2016-
Bring Me The Horizon is always touring! (1-4-16)
Ben Bruce of Asking Alexandria on record differences (1-5-16)
Pennywise re-issues old records (1-8-16)
Asking Alexandria's Denis Stoff isn't replacing anyone (1-12-16)
Disturbed & Rob Zombie to tour w/ Pop Evil! (1-19-16)
Fort Rock Festival Trailer (1-26-16)
Five Finger Death Punch releases old albums on Vinyl! (1-29-16)
Blog posts-
Fort Rock series #4: Megadeth (1-3-16)
Fort Rock series #5: Lamb Of God (1-12-16)
Fort Rock series #6: Anthrax (1-17-16)
Fort Rock series #7: Sevendust (1-31-16)
Hellbilly Deluxe- Rob Zombie (1-4-16)
Wrong Side Of Heaven And The Righteous Side of Hell Part One -Five Finger Death Punch (1-5-16)
Wrong Side Of Heaven And The Righteous Side of Hell Part Two-Five Finger Death Punch (1-5-16)
For Those Who Have Heart -A Day To Remember (1-6-16)
Us And Them -Shinedown -(1-6-16)
Sound Of Madness- Shinedown -(1-9-16)
Sempiternal -Bring Me The Horizon- (1-12-16)
The Poison -Bullet For My Valentine (1-15-16)
From Death To Destiny -Asking Alexandria (1-16-16)
Hellbilly Deluxe 2- Rob Zombie- (1-20-16)
-February 2016-
Asking Alexandria -The Black RELEASE DATE (2-1-16)
Asking Alexandria -The Black Music Video (2-1-16)
Five Finger Death Punch and Shinedown tour! (2-1-16)
Megadeth's Dystopia hits #3 on music charts! (2-2-16)
A Day To Remember announce tour with State Champs and Partkway Drive (2-3-16)
Win tickets to see Shinedown! (2-4-16)
Disturbed's David Draiman performs "Under Pressure" with Breaking Benjamin (2-5-16)
Shinedown to play SUPER BOWL 2017?? (2-8-16)
Disturbed and Breaking Benajmin co-headline tour w/ Saint Asonia and Alter Bridge (2-9-16)
Lamb Of God announce tour with Clutch & Corrosion Of Conformity (2-9-16)
Disturbed and more announced for Rise Above fest 2016 (2-10-16)
Bring Me The Horizon to tour in Australia (2-14-16)
Ghost win Best Metal Performance Grammy Award! (2-16-16)
Bring Me The Horizon Australian tour dates (2-16-16)
Some Fort Rock artists are playing the Chicago Open Air Fest lineup! (2-16-16)
Oli Sykes explain Coldplay table 'trashing' (2-18-16)
Korn and Rob Zombie announce tour together! (2-19-16)
Now there's North American BMTH tour dates too?!? (2-22-16)
Pop Evil announce tour dates supporting Disturbed and Breaking Benjamin! (2-24-16)
A Day To Remember meets internet meme (2-27-16)
Bring Me The Horizon to tour with Justin Bieber??? (2-29-16)
Rob Zombie mistaken for homeless man at the Oscars (2-29-16)
Five Finger Death Punch release "My Nemesis" music video (2-29-16)
BFMV and Asking Alexandria announce more US tour dates! (2-29-16)
Blog Posts-
Fort Rock series #8: Ghost (2-1-16)
Fort Rock series #9: Issues (2-7-16)
Fort Rock series #10: Saint Asonia (2-14-16)
What I'm looking forward to at Fort Rock 2016 (2-20-16)
Fort Rock series #11: Avatar (2-21-16)
Fort Rock series #12: Disturbed (2-27-16)
Immortalized -Disturbed (2-2-16)
Vii: Strum und Drang -Lamb Of God (2-5-16)
Worship Music -Anthrax (2-6-16)
Vengeance Falls -Trivium (2-7-16)
Kill The Flaw -Sevendust (2-8-16)
Meliora -Ghost (2-9-16)
Issues -Issues (2-10-16)
Hail The Apocalypse -Avatar (2-11-16)
Time Of My Life -3 Doors Down (2-12-16)
All Or Nothing -Pennywise (2-13-16)
Polyester Zeal -Red Sun Rising (2-14-16)
Resolution -Lamb of God (2-17-16)
American Capitalist -Five Finger Death Punch (2-18-16) Reckless And Relentless -Asking Alexandria (2-19-16)
Scream Aim Fire -Bullet For My Valentine (2-20-16)
The Sickness -Disturbed (2-21-16)
Suicide Season- Bring Me The Horizon (2-22-16)
Onyx -Pop Evil (2-23-16)
3 Doors Down -3 Doors Down (2-24-16)
The Way of The Fist -Five Finger Death Punch (2-25-16)
Dystopia -Megadeth (2-26-16)
Cold Day Memory- Sevendust (2-27-16)
Time Travelers & Bonfires -Sevendust (2-28-16)
-March 2016-
Sevendust play Wikipedia Fact Or Fiction (3-2-16)
Avatar announces new concept LP & releases a new song! (3-3-16)
Bring Me The Horizon teaches a fan's grandma to scream (3-6-16)
Disturbed's 'The Sickness' turns 16! (3-8-16)
Anthrax's For All Kings album breaks the Top 10! (3-8-16)
A Day To Remember is up to something. (3-9-16)
Paranoia by A Day To Remember (new song!) (3-9-16)
Disturbed's Sound Of Silence is number one! (3-10-16)
A Day To Remember releases Paranoia video! (3-11-16)
3 Doors Down's Us And The Night out NOW! (3-11-16)
Shinedown's Carnival Of Madness!! (3-15-16)
Bring Me The Horizon's Follow You video is out! (3-16-16)
Avatar releases 2 new songs! (3-17-16)
Avatar announces first tour to support new album! (3-17-16)
Asking Alexandria's Sam Bentley in a car accident (3-18-16)
Pre-order Bring Me The Horizon's live DVD today! (3-19-16)
Well, Everyone's Fucking in a UFO -Rob Zombie music video (3-20-16)
No new A Day To Remember album?? (3-21-16)
New Disturbed tour date added! (3-21-16)
"Send Me Home" -Asking Alexandria (3-23-16)
Disturbed's "Down With The Sickness" is the best metal song of the 21st century! (3-23-16)
Issues releases a new song -"The Realest" (3-24-16)
Behind the Scenes of BMTH's Follow You (3-25-16)
Avatar releases "The Eagle Has Landed" (3-25-16)
Disturbed performs on Conan! (3-29-16)
Saint Asonia's Mike Mushok is building guitars! (3-30-16)
Reflecting on Fort Rock 2015 (3-1-16)
Fort Rock Series #13: Shinedown (3-5-16)
Thoughts on ADTR's Paranoia song and video (3-11-16)
Fort Rock Series #14: Bring Me The Horizon (3-13-16)
Thoughts on BMTH's Follow You video (3-16-16)
Fort Rock Series #15: 3 Doors Down (3-19-16)
Fort Rock Series #16: Sixx.AM (3-22-16)
Fort Rock Series #17: Pennywise (3-26-16)
Fort Rock Series #18: Bullet For My Valentine (3-30-16)
Thirteen -Megadeth (3-1-16)
Reason To Believe- Pennywise (3-2-16)
In Waves- Trivium (3-3-16)
Wrath -Lamb Of God (3-4-16)
Into Forever EP -Red Sun Rising (3-5-16)
The Better Life -3 Doors Down (3-6-16)
Believe -Disturbed (3-7-16)
Modern Vintage -Sixx.AM (3-8-16)
Educated Horses -Rob Zombie (3-9-16)
Count Your Blessings -Bring Me The Horizon (3-10-16)
Asylum -Disturbed (3-11-16)
Infestissumam -Ghost (3-12-16)
Yesterdays -Pennywise (3-13-16)
Black Diamonds EP -Issues (3-14-16)
Venom -Bullet For My Valentine (3-15-16)
Silence In The Snow -Trivium (3-16-16)
Super Collider -Megadeth (3-17-16)
Sacrament -Lamb Of God (3-18-16)
We've Come For You All -Anthrax (3-19-16)
Black Out The Sun- Sevendust (3-20-16)
Avatar- Avatar -3-21-16)
Ten Thousand Fists -Disturbed (3-22-16)
Chapter Vii: Hope & Sorrow -Sevendust (3-23-16)
Schlacht -Avatar (3-24-16)
The Black -Asking Alexandria (3-25-16)
Volume 8: The Threat is Real -Anthrax (3-26-16)
United Abominations -Megadeth (3-27-16)
The Crusade -Trivium (3-28-16)
Lipstick on the Mirror -Pop Evil (3-29-16)
The Sinister Urge -Rob Zombie (3-30-16)
Ashes of The Wave -Lamb Of God (3-31-16)
Bullet For My Valentine signs to Spinefarm Records! (4-1-16)
Five Finger Death Punch forced to cancel Australian dates (4-2-16)
Asking Alexandria is blowing up charts! (4-4-16)
Saint Asonia Fan Art Fridays! (4-5-16)
Avatar releases new song "Tooth, Beak & Claw" (4-15-16)
Fort Rock Set Times! (4-15-16)
Sixx:A.M #ReasonToRise Campaign (4-20-16)
Five Finger Death Punch and Shinedown tour! (4-26-16)
Five Finger Death Punch being sued by record label? (4-27-16)
Five Finger Death Punch's statement on being sued (4-27-16)
Fort Rock Series #19: Pop Evil (4-3-16)
Fort Rock Content Updates (and more!) (4-4-16)
Fort Rock Series #20: Asking Alexandria (4-5-16)
We're going to Fort Rock! (4-6-16)
Fort Rock Series #21: Trivium (4-11-16)
Fort Rock Series #22: Red Sun Rising (4-16-16)
Fort Rock Series Directory! (4-25-16)
The Herion Diaries -Sixx:A.M (4-1-16)
Diamond Dreams EP -Issues (4-2-16)
Temper, Temper -Bullet For My Valentine (4-3-16)
For All Kings -Anthrax (4-4-16)
Thoughts Of No Tomorrow -Avatar (4-4-16)
The Lost Children -Disturbed (4-5-16)
Away From The Sun -3 Doors Down (4-5-16)
Land Of The Free? -Pennywise (4-6-16)
The System Has Failed -Megadeth (4-6-16)
Us And Them -3 Doors Down (4-7-16)
Ascendancy -Trivium (4-7-16)
Straight Ahead -Pennywise (4-8-16)
There Is A Hell, Believe Me I've Seen it -BMTH (4-8-16)
Black Waltz -Avatar (4-9-16)
Indestructible -Disturbed (4-9-16)
Stomp 442 -Anthrax (4-10-16)
Seventeen Days -3 Doors Down (4-10-16)
Alpha -Sevendust (4-11-16)
Ember To Inferno-Trivium (4-11-16)
Full Circle -Pennywise (4-12-16)
Opus Eponymous -Ghost (4-12-16)
Shogun -Trivium (4-13-16)
The World Needs A Hero -Megadeth (4-13-16)
Next -Sevendust (4-14-16)
Fistful of Metal -Anthrax (4-14-16)
Risk -Megadeth (4-15-16)
About Time -Pennywise (4-15-16)
Seasons -Sevendust (4-16-16)
Spreading The Disease -Anthrax (4-16-16)
Cryptic Writings -Megadeth (4-17-16)
Unknown Road -Pennywise (4-17-16)
Animosity -Sevendust (4-18-16)
State Of Euphoria -Anthrax (4-18-16)
New American Gospel -Lamb Of God (4-19-16)
Countdown to Extinction -Megadeth (4-19-16)
Youthanasia -Megadeth -(4-20-16)
The Fuse -Pennywise -(4-20-16)
Persistence Of Time -Anthrax (4-21-16)
Home -Sevendust (4-21-16)
Sevendust-Sevendust (4-22-16)
Pennywise -Pennywise (4-22-16)
From The Ashes -Pennywise (4-23-16)
As The Palace Burns- Lamb Of God (4-23-16)
Attack of the Killer B's -Anthrax (4-24-16)
Killing is My Business -Megadeth (4-24-16)
Sound Of White Noise -Anthrax (4-25-16)
Among The Living -Anthrax (4-25-16)
So Far, So Good...So What? -Megadeth (4-26-16)
Endgame -Megadeth (4-26-16)
Peace Sells...But Who's Buying -Megadeth (4-27-16)
Rust In Peace -Megadeth -Megadeth (4-27-16)
Total: 228 (Since November 2015)
- Other Relevant reviews from around the site-
Many of the reviews in this section were written in the very early days of Immortal Music, and absolutely none of these were written with Fort Rock in mind. One of them was actually in the first 10 reviews to ever be written! Most of these were written before Fort Rock came into existence at all, but they were relevant so we decided to shed some light on them.
Fever -Bullet For My Valentine (5/3/11)
What Seperates Me From You- A Day To Remember (9/1/11)
This Is Gonna Hurt -Sixx AM- (11-11-11)
Stand Up And Scream -Asking Alexandria (1-4-12)
War Of Angels -Pop Evil (1-13-12)
War Is The Answer -Five Finger Death Punch (3/13/12)
Amaryllis -Shinedown (4/4/12)
Leave A Whisper -Shinedown (5/7/12)
Homesick -A Day To Remember (12/15/12)
Common Courtesy- A Day To Remember (10/11/13)
Up -Pop Evil (8-25-15)
Threat To Survival -Shinedown (9/22/15)
Pssssst! A couple of the artists performing at Fort Rock won Awards as part of the 2015 Immortal Music Awards! Check it out! Some fully won, some were runners up, but all were worth mentioning.
This directory was originally put together on December 28,2015. The date was changed to make it easier to find while we add to it.
Leave a Reply.
What's this?
Blogs of various topics go here, and all are written by Immortal Music's creator. You never know what you may find here, so have a look around.
April 2020


text:
With the end of the year looming and with no KOW models to paint I thought I should looking at finishing some more of my outstanding projects.One of which is my 15mm desert force for WW2 gaming, now this Army is not built for any set of rules in particular but I've based it up so I can play Bolt Action or Chain of Command plus I've made some extra bases so I use it for Blitz Krieg Commander.
I've done a armoured platoon (Scots Greys) and a motorised Infantry platoon with support (3rd Indians).
Infantry plus support.
I'd like to build on this force,adding some artillery and some armoured cars plus possibly some air support but that will have to wait until next year.


text:
Where can you find asbestos?
Prior to the year 2000 asbestos was a common fire-resistant insulation material used in construction, and it can still be found in many types of residential, commercial, or industrial buildings, including homes, schools, offices, factories, and hospitals.
There were an incredible variety of uses for asbestos in construction, and you can still find building materials made with asbestos in buildings from the basement floor to the roof, as part of the cement, the tiles on the floors, the insulation, and even sprayed coatings on the walls and ceilings.
The following is a list of common areas where asbestos can be found, and a description of the type of material and the level of health hazard:
Vinyl Floor Tiles
Vinyl flooring tiles, the backing, and the glue or adhesives may contain asbestos, with the fibers having been added to strengthen the material and increase it's durability. While in good shape the floor tiles are generally considered non-hazardous. If the tiles are damaged or can be crumbled by hand pressure they are considered to be a health hazard.
Pipe Lagging and Insulation
Asbestos can be found in the lagging and insulation of the hot water and steam pipes and boilers used in heating systems. The most common appearance is a fibrous material that is powdery or flakes easily. Lagging and pipe insulation are considered to be some of the most dangerous materials that contain asbestos, because any disturbance of the materials could cause fibers to be released into the air and be inhaled.
Asbestos Cement
Asbestos cement is a mix of up to one-third white asbestos and cement, and is compressed or moulded to form cement products. These would normally be found in farm or industrial buildings as large sheets of corrugated cement, or in the roofs of sheds and garages. Other uses are wall cladding, downpipes and gutters, cement flues, water tanks, and fire surrounds. As long as the cement is in good shape it is not considered a hazard, but if it is broken up and deteriorating there is a risk of exposure to the asbestos fiber.
Asbestos Insulating Board (AIB)
AIB was commonly used in the UK between the 1930s and 1980 as a fireproofing material. It was also used to partition walls, as plasterboard, and for ceiling tiles. While in good shape it is not considered a hazard and it should not be disturbed. If disturbed or in poor condition the low-density AIB has a greater likelihood of fibers being released, and the health hazard is potentially high.
Textured Coatings
From the 1920s to the 1980s textured coatings with asbestos were popular decorative finishes on concrete, walls, and ceilings to provide visual interest, soundproofing, and fire-resistance. Textured coatings in good repair are a low risk for exposure, but if the coating is damaged or crumbling the health risks can increase dramatically.
Sprayed Coatings
Sprayed asbestos coatings are adhesives or resins mixed with asbestos fiber that were sprayed on to surfaces to provide acoustic and thermal insulation and fireproofing. Used from the 1950s to the late 1970s, it can be found on the underside of roofs and floors, and on reinforced concrete columns and steel beams. The sprayed coating may contain over 80% asbestos, and is easy to disturb or damage, causing it to be one of the most dangerous asbestos materials.
Loose Fill Asbestos
Loose fill asbestos was used as insulation for both commercial and residential buildings, and it is a loose, fluffy material that can be whitish or bluish grey in colour. This material is considered to be one of the most dangerous asbestos products as it is made of pure asbestos, and if disturbed can easily release fibres that cause an inhalation risk.


text:
Grated butternut squash adds color and nutrients to this brown rice pilaf. Greeks like to use winter squash, especially pumpkin, to make savory and sweet pies, fritters and croquettes, casseroles and myriad other dishes with fall's telltale vegetables, but these dishes are virtually unknown outside the country. It's traditionally made with pumpkin, but since most pumpkins in the U.S. are grown for carving jack-o'-lanterns (and not for cooking), we've modified the recipe to work with readily available butternut squash. The original dish calls for Greek pilaf rice, a short-grained, polished rice that is hard to find outside the country, so we've substituted instant brown rice.
- 2 pounds butternut squash, peeled, halved and seeded
- 3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
- 1 large red onion, finely chopped
- 1 clove garlic, minced
- 2 tablespoons water
- 1 tablespoon tomato paste
- 1 cup instant or parboiled brown rice
- 1 3/4 cups water, or 1 14-ounce can vegetable broth
- 1/2 cup white wine
- 1/2 cup chopped fennel fronds, (see Ingredient Note)
- 2 tablespoons chopped fresh oregano
- 1 teaspoon salt
- Pinch of cinnamon
- Freshly ground pepper, to taste


text: The 2005 British Fashion Awards will take place on Thursday November 10. Held for the second year running in the stunning Raphael Gallery of the Victoria & Albert Museum, the event will pay tribute to all the best of the best of British design as chosen by a panel invited by the BFC's press committee and the V&A. "We have been delighted by the response to last years awards from everyone involved and look forward, with the V&A, to making this year's event even more prestigious," said the BFC's chairman, Stuart Rose. "The V&A is delighted to continue its collaboration with the BFC on the awards," said Mark Jones, director of the V&A. "[It's] an event which celebrates the strength and depth of British fashion design and retailing." [b] PAST BRITISH DESIGNER OF THE YEAR AWARD WINNERS 2004: PHOEBE PHILO 2003: ALEXANDER MCQUEEN 2002: no awards 2001: ALEXANDER MCQUEEN 2000: HUSSEIN CHALAYAN 1999: HUSSEIN CHALAYAN 1998: no awards 1997: ALEXANDER MCQUEEN 1996: ALEXANDER MCQUEEN 1995: JOHN GALLIANO 1994: JOHN GALLIANO 1993: JOHN ROCHA 1992: RIFAT OZBEK 1991: VIVIENNE WESTWOOD 1990: VIVIENNE WESTWOOD 1989: WORKERS FOR FREEDOM 1988: RIFAT OZBEK 1987: JOHN GALLIANO 1986: JASPER CONRAN 1985: BETTY JACKSON 1984: KATHARINE HAMNETT (February 3 2005, PM)


text:
Awesome Engineering: Fairground Rides Paperback / softback
by Sally Spray
Part of the Awesome Engineering series
Follow the development of fairground rides, as they have grown taller, scarier, and more fantastical through engineering skill, design and ambition. Get to grips with the mind-boggling advances that have been made in engineering.
Find out about awe-inspiring buildings and technology.
The books in the AWESOME ENGINEERING series are filled with impactful artwork, diagrams and explanations that make the awesome feats of engineering easy to understand. Bright and bold artwork, alongside clear explanations and diagrams, guide you through a chronology of landmark engineering achievements from around the world. Perfect for readers aged 9 and up.
- Format: Paperback / softback
- Pages: 32 pages
- Publisher: Hachette Children's Group
- Publication Date: 08/08/2019
- Category: Science & technology: general interest (Children's/YA)
Free Home Delivery
on all orders
Pick up orders
from local bookshops


text:
"IN CONVERSATION" - WOAFM99 Radio Show with Oliver Sean, Ep.2 S10
May 31st, 2017 by WOAFM99
Today we introduce our "IN CONVERSATION" special on Episode 2 of WOAFM99 Season 10. As expected we introduce 6 breakthrough bands today AND we also have singer/somgwriter Christina Custode LIVE in the studio "IN CONVERSATION" with WOAFM99 host - MTV EMA Nominated Producer and Artist Oliver Sean. A must listen episode of the WOAFM99 Radio Show.
Today's Playlist:
1. I'm Not Trippin - Earnest Williams
2. Welcome To My World - Mesa The Fusion Band
3. All For Her - Christna Custode
4. I've Got To Make It - West Coast Fletch Brinson
5. Wing Tsun Tune - Luna Blanca
6. I Love Unconditionally - Anaamaly
The WOAFM99 Radio Show is produced by WOA Films and Oliver Sean Productions for the WOA Entertainment Group
Artists who would like to submit their music for consideration for the WOAFM99 Radio Show can submit their music via www.woafm99.com or via the WOA Music Opprtunities Page


text:
Price: £ 169.00
2-3 Weeks
Warning: Last items in stock!
Availability date:
This adorable and striking bench looks wonderful in garden settings and will charm your friends and family. Regal and welcoming this amazing pet is perfect when placed in a sunny spot in your garden.
Product Information:

Measures W117 x H67 x D25cm

Height from the floor to the back is 30cm

Height from the top of the dogs head is 48.5cm
|Product Type:
|Garden Bench
|15 (kg)
|67 (cm)
|117 (cm)
If you have a question regarding this product or an order, please email our customer service team at firstname.lastname@example.com.


text: Around MaineStand UpWeatherWintah Frankie's Wicked Storm Warning: A TON of Snow! By Ryan Gavin - January 17, 2019 DO YOUR SHOPPING RIGHT NOW! Frankie has some great tips on this monster storm coming over the weekend. RELATED ARTICLESMORE FROM AUTHOR Around Maine Maine Singer Jeremy Greene Hits It Big: Watch Him Perform with Gary from Rascal Flatts! Central Maine Glenn from Readfield Won't Let a Little Snow Stop His Weekend Yard Work (But He Might Need Snow Tires!) Around Maine Comedian Josh Pray: 5 Reasons Why We Should Make Maine Our Big Brother Animals 'We Have to Laugh, or Else We'd Cry!' Maine Shopper Hits Hannaford in Full T-Rex Armor Around Maine Maine Truck Driver's NSFW Reaction to the Paper Mill Explosion is an Instant Classic for the Ages Animated Temp Tales 'Donny the Maine Dad' Has the Perfect Response to Coronavirus & Quarantining Maine-Style Around Maine Maine Trumpeter (Distantly) Plays for Ellsworth Woman on Her 104th Birthday Animals Moose Alert! Young Bull Moose Spotted Out for a Stroll on the Ice on Moosehead Lake Down South Gorham Drummer Plays a Killer Set in the Maine March Snow! Around Maine Watch Truck Driver Ray from Bangor Win More Than $17,000 on Wheel of Fortune! Around Maine Bob Marley's 'Corona Watch 2020' Videos Are Just What We Need Right Now Around Maine New Maine Video Series 'Hard Tellin' Kicks off with Hilarious Premiere Episode About Viking Explorers Ryan GavinRyan Gavin is the creator of Maine Memes & Wicked Funny TV. He's a life-long Mainah, and he's lived all over the state (yes... even the County!) Ryan can be heard on radio stations across the US every day, and he's been a featured personality on some of New England's biggest stations, including WJBQ Q97.9, 103.7 The Peak, 97.5 WOKQ, Q96.1, and WHSN. Want to get in touch? Contact Ryan here.


text:
This is an old revision of the document!
James C. Hoe's Home Page
I am a Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Carnegie Mellon University. (My official webpage.) My research interests include computer architecture, reconfigurable computing and high-level hardware description and synthesis. I received my Ph.D. in EECS from MIT in 2000 (S.M., 1994). I received my B.S. in EECS from UC Berkeley in 1992. I am an IEEE Fellow.
Current Courses
Office Hours
For Fall 2019, I am holding office hours open to all matters and all students on Tuesdays 10~11 and Thursdays 1:30~2:30. Please send a heads-up email. Please email for an appointment if you cannot make it to the regular hours.


text:
The Ross Medical Education Center Knoxville, Tennessee campus recently visited Medic Regional Blood Center. Medic was established in 1958 and is the only blood center in the United States which has a Blood Coverage Program. This program takes care of the blood supplier processing fees for its members at any hospital in the country. Their support allows for life-saving blood to be distributed to all the patients and facilities that need it.
During their visit, students were able to take the journey from checking a patient in and gathering data, through the collection and storage process, and all the way to checkout. It was a great experience for students to experience the process through the perspective of both a collector and a patient to be more understanding and compassionate. Students were also given an opportunity to find out their blood type free of charge! "We encouraged them to donate or encourage others to help our community as well," said April Thomas, Assistant Campus Director of Education. "We never know when we may need their services ourselves."
The students were thrilled to have the opportunity to see a blood center in action. One Medical Assistant program student, Ms. Nix, stated about the experience, "I enjoyed learning how they put up the blood and what they do with it after collecting." Another commented, "I thought the -32 degree freezer was cool. Also enjoyed learning and watching about the separation of plasma, blood, and platelets." "I enjoyed learning about what happens to the the blood after it has been collected and how it is processed," shared another. As phlebotomy is part of the medical assistant training at Ross, many of the students asked questions of the staff there, considering whether a facility like that may be a good fit for them as they pursue their healthcare career.


text:
"I can't believe I agreed to be the room mom this year! What the heck was I thinking?"
I was talking with my friend today — a fellow lawyer and working mom — who regretted her decision to be "Room Mom." She was in an utter panic. She wanted to back out. But she felt trapped! Continue reading →


text:
Polls have closed in Iraq's first national election since US forces withdrew in 2011.
Prime minister Nuri al-Maliki was among the first to vote. He's seeking a third term in office, amid rising violence in the west of the country where Sunni Muslim militants are battling the Iraqi military.
Maliki, a Shi'ite Muslim, has been accused of aggravating sectarian splits and trying to consolidate power.
Voting went with few hitches in the capital Baghdad, where military checkpoints could be seen close to polling stations.
But officials say across Iraq at least 14 people have died as the result of dozens of attacks targeting the election.
Voters could choose from 9,012 candidates and political analysts predict no party is likely to win a majority in the 328-seat parliament.
Forming a government may, therefore, prove difficult, even if Maliki's State of Law alliance wins the most seats.


text:
For Jay and Sam Frost, the Frost Livestock Ranch is work and home, the heart and soul of their family — and worth every hour poured into it by four generations.
It's also an endless challenge and a source of sudden heartache. They've been squeezed by rising costs, shrinking margins and aging infrastructure. They've risen above floodwaters and they've been battered by back-to-back years of ferocious hailstorms.
The Frosts produce ethically raised, grass-fed and grass-finished lamb and beef on meadows in Fountain and prairies stretching out east. They grow spinach, arugula, beets, onions, potatoes, beans, chiles and leeks in fields that are never sprayed. Planting, irrigating, weeding and harvesting are all done using holistic and traditional methods, and they're committed to sustainable and regenerative practices. It's time-intensive, and it's never easy.
"But for some reason, it's worth it — you know?" Sam says. "For some reason we wake up every day and we're like, 'OK! Here we go again.'"
This year, the father-and-son team are doing the work their forefathers did, but they'll also do something entirely new: They're opening the "Big House" to weddings, events and farm stays; and the ranch, its meadows and its gardens to farm dinners.
Organized by A Grazing Life, the farm dinners aim to bridge the gap between the public and local farms, ranches, wineries, breweries and chefs, to promote local foods and raise awareness of sustainable ranching and agriculture.
For the Frosts, it's not just a way to bolster their bottom line and share their love for the land. It could be the thing that keeps the ranch in the family — and running.
"That's huge. That's the main thing for us," says Jay, managing partner of Frost Livestock Company. "You talk about [economic] sustainability — we're not there yet. I don't think anybody really is. You can't get a thin dime out of it, sometimes. We would love to be profitable all the time, and that's not easy — but we're getting closer and closer."
Jay grew up on the ranch, one of nine kids in the historic home they call the Big House, built by his father in 1958.
Frost Ranch is adjacent to Hanna Ranch, which Jay's mother Mary owned with her husband. After he died, Mary Hanna married John Frost and moved to Frost Ranch. Jay Frost is the first child of that second marriage, and Kirk Hanna, the subject of legendary local photographer Myron Wood's photo book Little Wrangler, written with wife Nancy Wood in 1966, was Jay Frost's half brother.
A local icon, Kirk Hanna grew up to be a trailblazing sustainable rancher who prioritized protecting the environment he relied on. Hanna completed suicide in 1998, and while his life circumstances were complicated at the time, it's known that he worried about the financial future of his ranch.
There are obvious parallels in the stories of the Frost and Hanna ranches — the environmentalism, the financial struggles — but the Frost family ranch appears to have a brighter future.
Jay says he's watched other farmers sell land and water rights and wondered if he'd have to do the same one day. Thanks to Sam, it won't come to that.
"Fortunately, Sam, as a young man, wants to continue this," he says. "If he had not really wanted to do that, it would've been hard for me to keep going."
"Working with A Grazing Life, having these dinners, getting into guest services, definitely emerges as a light at the end of the tunnel," Sam says. "I can see that this could work out as part of our diversification — and we need to do it. How am I going to support a family down the road? That's sort of what I'm thinking.
"And I want to do it because it's my home, and I've grown up here, and I really value this way of life and I want to raise my kids that way. How am I going to do that? That's something I ask myself every day and that's why we work so hard — and why we think this partnership is so important."
Mike Preisler founded A Grazing Life to reconnect consumers to their local farms and ranches. Through the farm dinners, A Grazing Life works to build community and partners with the Palmer Land Trust to raise money for conservation in Southern Colorado.
"This will be our third summer doing farm dinners, and our first summer here at Frost," Preisler says. "We're super excited to partner with Frost Livestock this year and bring a ton of people out here — get them to meet the ranchers, give them a tour of the place, learn how to buy meat from these guys, show them everything that's going on.
"A Grazing Life organizes the farm dinner events and private events because these guys work 24/7. Farmers don't have time to take on anything more."
Preisler approached Sam Frost with the idea — "Really, I just sat down and said, 'You guys want to throw parties out here?'" he says — and the Frosts knew the time was right.
They'd had a couple of weddings on the ranch over the years; they'd briefly dipped a toe in the waters with Airbnb three years back; then they'd spent the past two years restoring the six-bedroom, five-bathroom Big House.
"We have room to do this now," Sam says, "and we're transitioning from a big vegetables operation to a smaller one, so we have a little bit more time to look at a guest services enterprise. It fits perfectly, and we think there's a market there.
"We want to sort of re-spark this local food movement by bringing people down here, showing them what we do, how their food is being produced, and connecting with them."
Building lasting relationships between consumers and ranchers, Sam says, could create the momentum Frost Livestock needs.
"I think if we were to go to a restaurant in town and tell them, 'We grow vegetables and sell meat,' they're not quite ready for it," he says. "I think they think the local food movement is a great idea — but they're not ready to pay for it, and I don't think the customers also are ready to purchase that meal for a little bit extra. If we can help educate them here, they can go to the restaurants and be like, 'There's great food right there and it tastes better.'
"How does education help us? It helps when they start asking questions like, 'Why does it increase the price a little bit?' or 'Why is the price dropping?' All those little details come into play and they're more informed — and it turns into a great relationship. That's a really smart customer."
The farm dinners are not cheap or simple undertakings, and planning starts months in advance. The most recent farm dinner, July 14, featured Chef Jacob Cheatham of Loyal Coffee Co., cocktail expert Montana Horsfall, live music from the Tejon Street Corner Thieves, the brewers from Brass Brewing Co., beer and cocktails included all night, dancing, yard games, a farm tour ("We've got this big trailer that we load up on, and people get a huge kick out of that," Preisler says, "like they're kids again.") and a five-course dinner under the stars. The next dinner, Aug. 11, features Chef Mario Vasquez of Colorado Craft, with Paradox Beer Company, Sette Dolori Winery and cocktails from The Archives.
"We promote it as a 'farm dinner' but the events are so much more than that," Preisler says. "You call it a farm dinner because that registers with people — they're like, 'Oh, I know kind of what that is.' But when they come down here, we make sure they get an education on what's going on. Every event is a different brewery, a different distillery or craft cocktail place, a different restaurant. We're not doing the same event over and over — and everything's local.
"The value is so there for the dinners. Right now they're priced at $135 a ticket, and people will leave hugs-and-kisses happy at the end of the night...
"The dinner is … the reason most people are there, and we do five courses, locally sourced, from the best chefs in the area. They'll have a chance to talk to the chefs, see what they're using, how they're cooking it, how they're sourcing it — we don't just drop a plate of food in front of you...
"Looking at the value of that — Sam made a great point the other day: If you were to go to one of the steakhouses in town, and you spent five hours there eating and drinking — even without live music and without a farm tour — you're going to spend that, if not more, and you would not have that experience."
The first year, Preisler says, it was a challenge to get people out to the farm dinners, but this year they sold 200 tickets in the first hour after sales opened. Five percent of ticket sales goes directly to Palmer Land Trust to support their work protecting Southern Colorado's lands for present and future generations — an objective that fits with the Frosts' focus on conservation.
"We're going to blow their minds about what this place does, how they're incorporating all these different sustainable aspects into ranching," Preisler says. "Ranching can have such a negative connotation for people because of the commercial ranching operations. People just think ranching is like, turn and burn, destroy whatever ground you're using. So we bring them out and show them sustainable grazing methods and what these guys are doing and how it works."
Jay hopes those insights will help the community understand that conservation matters for farmers' and ranchers' very survival.
"For example, this stormwater debacle that we find ourselves in — Colorado Springs sheds a lot of water and it goes right through here," he says. "We fight with this thing all the time. So if we can get clients clued in — it's all connected. We hope to have a little bit more political sway within the region, because of this. We can talk to these folks at the markets and the dinners, and we explain what we're facing — the negative and positive — so then we're building our own little economy. We used to have this connection way back when. We're coming back to the future."
For Chef Cheatham, the farm dinners are all about a standout experience and an important education.
"There's so much value of actually showing people where their food comes from, whether it's produce or the animals — and show them responsible, effective farming," he says, and the Springs community is gradually becoming more interested in sustainable food production.
"I think they're right at the cusp of wanting to be educated," he says. "And that's the biggest step: breaking people away from chain restaurants, them wanting to have a really great experience. And now as chefs and as purveyors, we have the opportunity and the obligation to educate them — not only on what's best for them, but what's best for their local economy, and what's best for the environment. That's what these dinners are providing: They're providing an eye-opening experience of all the things that are out there for them."
There's no way to describe to people the difference between, say, ethically raised pork from a ranch and the pork you pull off a supermarket shelf, Cheatham says.
"The best way to do it is to let them taste it," he says. "Those experiences — you can't fabricate that. There's no way to explain to somebody who's never had something so loved and cared for, presented to them. I always see that as a huge responsibility — not only to take the best care of what I got, but to present it to them in a way that is just going to blow their minds."
For Cheatham, his job is done when the relationships and the impacts stretch beyond the dinner.
"I think there's a really big disconnect between where people get their food and the production of it. When people normally go into a supermarket to the meat section, all they see is a pork chop," he says. "I want them to go in and understand: These are animals. What can we put on the table? What can we not waste? Where are my cheaper cuts? Where are my butchers at in town? Where are the smaller places who are actually trying to use every single piece of the animal — and how do I get ahold of these people? I think these dinners create an avenue for that. So they get to meet a new farmer, they get to see a new way of ordering meat, they get to know where this meat is [available] in town… We want people to be able to understand where they can get ahold of it and how to support responsible agriculture.
"I think it's so dope to be able to go out and show people the farmers' and ranchers' connection to the land, the appreciation and respect that they show to it, and how they can support that. I think the more people understand, and the more that they support [sustainable food] with their everyday dollar, bigger businesses might start making changes because they see people falling in line with these ideals."
For the Frosts, it's a far better idea than shipping their product cross-country and negotiating with the big meat packers.
"[That's] a price taker, not a price maker. You [as the rancher] don't make the price; you take whatever they give you," Jay says. "The big packers, they continue to try to corner the market and put the prices down so they can make more money. And we're trying to produce with higher costs all the time — interest, equipment — and that stuff is crazy, this stuff is so expensive now."
"And then we're making no money when we go to sell it," Sam says. "But if we can create the demand locally — we know the market's there. It's huge. There's a lot of people. If we can create the demand, it'll work. It's a huge ask, and it's going to be quite a challenge, and it'll take a whole lot of other farms and people like Mike to connect everyone. But I think it's possible.
"We are super, super fortunate here," he says. "We just have to figure out how to keep it. I think we're on the right track."
This article first appeared in the Colorado Springs Business Journal.


text:
Holiday Open House
- Date: 12/08/2019 11:00 am - 4:00 pm
- Location: Corona del Mar Library
410 Marigold Avenue
Corona del Mar, California 92625
Return to full list >>
Stop by the library for refreshments, crafts, stories, and magic during the 41st Annual Corona del Mar Christmas Walk. Magician Mark Gibson will be performing two magic shows, 1 pm and 3 pm, with strolling magic in between.
All ages welcome!
Funding for this program is generously donated by the Friends of the Library.


text:
Time: February 20, 2015 at 1pm to February 23, 2015 at 12pm
Location: In a beautiful cabin in Pine, Colorado
City/Town: Pine, Colorado
Website or Map: http://www.thecreativeundergr…
Phone: 970-419-3186
Event Type: creativity, 4, day, 3, night, workshop
Organized By: Christi Wich
Latest Activity: Jul 29, 2014
Export to Outlook or iCal (.ics)
Get Your Create ON!
Friday February 20th -Monday February 23rd, 2015
Join us for this fun and inspirational ARTreat in a cozy cabin in the mountain town of Pine, Colorado and "Get Your Create On"! We will be immersing ourselves in the wonders and diversity of mixed-media! All ART supplies are provided and projects are designed to accommodate your own personal style, color choices, and themes! Each person gets their own 6 foot table with wonderfully comfortable and ergonomic chair! It truly is a delightful weekend of creative cacophony, inspiration, and community!
All meals and snacks are provided throughout the course of this 4 day 3 night ARTreat...beginning with afternoon snacks on Friday and ending with a heartwarming breakfast on Monday morning before you bid Adieu to your new friends and the comfortable accommodations of your weekend getaway!
The first class of the ARTreat begins at 1:15 on Friday afternoon and the ARTreat commences Monday at Noon. To view the proposed daily schedule and to see which sleeping accommodations are available, please visit the Creativity ARTreat Information Page.
Space is limited to 10 ARTista's so be sure to message Christi at firstname.lastname@example.com or call her at 970-419-3186 to register and pay your $100 deposit to hold your spot.
© 2020 The Creative Underground at Timeless Creations Powered by


text:
In the last five years, two central counterparty clearinghouses (CCPs) experienced clearing member defaults which exceeded the defaulting member's contribution to default resources and required the use of mutualized resources in the default fund, spreading default losses to other CCP participants. These defaults have highlighted troubling weaknesses in CCP risk management and underscore the importance of a more consistent implementation of best risk management practices by CCPs around the world.
Educational Credits
1.75 CPD Credit Hours Available (England and Wales)
Jump to Section:
Wednesday, June 19, 2019Print Agenda ISDA Morning Briefing: CCP Best Practices for
8:00 AM Registration and Networking Breakfast
8:30 AM Introduction and Welcoming Remarks Ulrich Karl
8:45 AM Keynote Address Barry King
9:15 AM Panel Discussion and Audience Q&A Ulrich Karl, Vijay Kasilingam, Barry King, Nicholas Lincoln, Adam Olszewski, Bill Stenning
A panel of industry experts discuss where clearing participants see room for improvement and whether more regulation is required going forward.
10:30 AM Briefing Concludes
Agenda is subject to change.
VenueBack to Top
Allen & Overy LLP, One Bishops Square, London, E1 6AD. Phone +44 (0) 203 808 9700. A map to the venue can be found here. You will be required to provide photo identification in order to enter the venue. Please ensure you present this at the ground floor reception or you may be refused entry.
SpeakersBack to Top
Ulrich Karl
Head of Clearing Services
Vijay Kasilingam
Global Markets – CCP Risk
Barry King
Senior Manager, CCP Policy, Financial Market Infrastructure Directorate
Bank of England
Nicholas Lincoln
Group Head of Market Risk and Liquidity Risk
Adam Olszewski
Head of Models and Analytics
Eurex Clearing
Bill Stenning
Managing Director - Clearing, Regulatory & Strategic Affairs
Société Générale
PricingBack to Top
Registration fee is for one person to attend the entire event. Pass may not be split between multiple attendees.
For some events, groups of three or more attendees from the same firm can receive a 20% discount on event registrations. Groups must be registered together, in advance of the event. To register your group, please email firstname.lastname@example.com
Member US$100.00
Non-Member US$150.00
Course LevelBack to Top
Basic knowledge of derivatives is beneficial but not mandatory. Some knowledge of financial markets is assumed. No advance preparation is required.
AccreditationBack to Top
ISDA is an accredited provider of continuing education credits by the following organizations:
ISDA has been certified by the New York State Continuing Legal Education Board as an Accredited Provider of continuing legal education in the state of New York.
ISDA is registered with the National Association of State Boards of Accountancy (NASBA) as a sponsor of continuing professional education on the National Registry of CPE Sponsors. State boards of accountancy have final authority on the acceptance of individual courses for CPE credit. Complaints regarding registered sponsors may be addressed to the National Registry of CPE Sponsors: 150 Fourth Avenue North, Suite 700, Nashville, TN 37219-2417. www.nasba.org
ContactBack to Top
Follow us @isdaconferences for the latest on upcoming events.
For general questions, including exhibition/sponsorship opportunities, conference topics or location suggestions contact us:
email@example.com | +1 212-901-6000
©ISDA Symposium is a registered trademark of the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc.


text:
When discussing knowledge sharing and blogs as a vehicle for knowledge sharing, it was clear that what they said about the usefulness of sharing, wasn't reflected in practice. They were keen on the concept of sharing, and said they enjoyed reading what others had posted, even that this led to some extent on their reflecting on their own practice.
What interesting was that they wanted to read about others thoughts and experiences, but weren't willing to describe their own...
When questioned about why they thought people weren't posting, participants felt to some extent, that people weren't posting due to a lack of confidence. In digging deeper, this appeared in some part to be due to the perception that as Project Managers, they should be able to do their job, to manage projects. If they are seen to be asking questions about project management, or stating something that others may think is incorrect, they will look as though they are incompetent.
Chris Argyris has said that people will talk about what they do in terms of their espoused theory, what they believe is the best answer to the question, but what they actually do doesn't necessarily reflect what they actually do, their theory-in-use. This does appear to be the case with the study participants, and they appear to be demonstrating what he calls Model I behaviour.
This behaviour, by which theories-in-use are oriented towards winning, and avoiding embarrassment, Argyris believes leads to deeply entrenched defensive routines (Argyris 1990; 1993). He believes that sharing action, thoughts and feelings can make people vulnerable to the reactions of others – a no brainer there, who hasn't at some stage felt nervous about saying what they think, but it seems this behaviour, very simply, can be attributed to a lack of confidence and fear of being seem to be incompetent.
"Acting defensively can be viewed as moving away from something, usually some truth about ourselves. If our actions are driven by moving away from something then our actions are controlled and defined by whatever it is we are moving away from, not by us and what we would like to be moving towards. Therefore our potential for growth and learning is seriously impaired. If my behaviour is driven by my not wanting to be seen as incompetent, this may lead me to hide things from myself and others, in order to avoid feelings of incompetence. For example, if my behaviour is driven by wanting to be competent, honest evaluation of my behaviour by myself and others would be welcome and useful. (Anderson 1997)"
If we consider that these people are working in a health context, where competence, particuarly medical competence, is seen as the bedrock of the organisation, it may be that project managers are very aware of the need to be competent.
It seems a viscious circle ensues, where the need to be competent drives the need to learn, but this need is thwarted by the fear of being perceived to be incompetent.
It's been suggested that the professionalisation of Project Managers in the NHS would help practitioners acknowledge that they are continually learning. This might also put even more pressure on them.
Interestingly, I read a post by Andrew Latham on the subject of confidence and blogging, in his experience, in terms of software development, which seems to reflect the issue. In his situation it seems that it's acknowledged that people need to continutally learn, to progress in order to do their job well, and that colleagues can help this process.
Encouraging a learning culture and making opportunties for continuing professional development may be a way around this (sounds simple doesn't it), but until a culture of learning becomes the norm, I'm not convinced that knowledge sharing through online communites and blogging will be effective.
As Argyris says, it's only by interrogating and changing the governing values, that new action strategies can be produced that can address changing circumstances.


text:
So funny thing happend this week.
Well we all know from my last blog that I got sick......well I was feeling sick the last time I wrote but it developed into a pretty bad head-cold. So Anyways I was feeling kinda crappy. Well it just so happens that we were dupposed to have LeManda come stay with us this weekend and also, Dan & I were assigned to give talks in church. Well Dan wanted out of it SO badly, cause he really doesn't like giving talks.....and so when I got sick it was our easy "out". Because I was suffering pretty badly, I decided on Thursday that maybe it wasn't a good idea for LeManda to come this weekend to stay. Then on Friday I had decided that I wasn't going to feel good enough to speak on Sunday so we called the PIC (person in charge) so that they could get some people to replace us, since Dan wasn't about to speak on his own. So, come Saturday night and I start feeling pretty OK, but then we're like......"Oh crap....we can't go to church, cause we were supposed to speak!" and we didn't want to look like liars so we decided we weren't gonna go. But then we forgot another minor detail....Terence and Jacki were going to come to our ward to see our talks, so we called them Saturday night and left them a message, cause they weren't home, that we weren't going to be speaking on Sunday and not ot come to our ward. Well since they were house sitting for her parents, they didn't get the message till Sunday morning when Terence had gone home. No problem right? WRONG-O! It turns out they had already got a sub to teach their Primary class in their ward, so they couldn't go to their ward and we couldn't go to our ward, so we all didn't go to church today out of embarassment. I know we're all dumb and should've gone anyway, but I was still feeling crappy and tired this morning, so I was in no shape to go, so I at least had a good excuse. However if I do get sent to purgatory, at least I'll be with friends!
Anyways we ended up goiong to her parents house at about 2pm for an early supper, and we played games till about 10:30pm. We made Caramel popcorn...(way too much....I know Dan!) and we ended up playing some RAGE and a new game Spanish that Dan taught us and most importantly we played Phase 10. *Ahem..........actually we all played but I kicked BUTT at Phase 10. We played 2 very long games and I won both! Just my luck I guess. I can never complain now that Dan wins at every game we play, cause he didn't win at any games we played tonight. Poor Dan!
Anyways on another note........La Migra (immigration) is still taking their sweet old time to get back to us, so for those of you who are wanting to know, NO we haven't heard back from them. It's starting to really tick me off. But as I try to be patient, I must have the faith that I will be legally aloud to leave the country by November 28th because my dear sweet friend Ana has gotten me an OZOMATLI concert ticket! Even if I can't go (heaven forbid!) then she says she'll take care of getting rid of it for me. What an awesome friend! I'm so excited. They're playing the Commodore and that's the venue I first saw them at and it's the perfect place for them to play at because of the acoustics and also the stage is big enough for them. I mean they're like a 10 piece band. This aint no wimpy music.....no teeny tiny ensemble.....they are THE ultimate band! My favorites! And I'll be praying really really hard that I'll get to go.
Anyways I'm tired....going to go sleep.......ta ta!
6 days ago


text:
Future Plans
Our Goals for the next few years:
1-2 years:
1. Find a home for our fleet (a boathouse near the water)…Temporary boat storage is now at the Town of Grand Lake boat racks, next to the public pier
2. Create a club membership…accomplished! To join, contact Grand Lake Rowing at firstname.lastname@example.com
3. Purchase a boat as a club…accomplished! We now have a single Little River Pro-Am and have access to a double rowing shell as well…
4. Create the first Grand Lake Rowing Regatta…accomplished! The 2012 Spirit of the Lake Regatta will take place on Saturday, August 25th. Visit www.spiritlakeregatta.com or Register here!
5. Purchase a rowing rack for transport to regattas, etc.
6. Create official not-for-profit organization with board of directors
2-5 years:
1. Petition the Town of Grand Lake for a rower-friendly 6″ dock system for dock launches
2. Start a yearly rowing camp
3. Create one high altitude training opportunity for a competitive team
4. Increase fleet size to include beginner shell and racing shell