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August 14 Minutes
Hopkins District Library Regular Board Meeting Minutes
August 14, 2018 following 7pm Truth-in-Taxation Hearing
Call to Order - Karon Dunifin @ 7:10
Roll Call - Present - Karon Dunifin, Zac Smit, Morgan Coon, Sandy Morris, Amy Germain, Mimi Gabriel, Elysha Schafer
Absent - Eric Alberda
Approval of Agenda - Made by Karon Dunifin and seconded by Morgan Coon removing the tax in truth hearing, item #3 under old business, separate meeting prior to board meeting. All ayes
Approval of Minutes - Made by Sandy Morris and seconded by Morgan coon, with the corrections of misspelled names. All ayes
Treasurer's Report - Motion made by Mimi Gabriel and seconded by Karon Dunifin. All ayes will need to make corrections to April Employee wages due to three pay periods in April. The last one being April 30.
Correspondence - none
Public Comment - none
Director's Report -
Programs – Summer reading recap most successful program yet. We had better turn out then Otsego District LIbrary for closing. Reader Feeder 100 kids each time and library hosting crafts along with reader feeder , plans to do this again next year. Newsletter for Oct, Nov and Dec. in progress.
Statistics - see attached, ancestry down slightly
Meetings, workshops, etc - Lakeland Meetings (August 9) - Working on Strategic plans to improve Training, Technology and Organizational Development for 2018 - 2021.
Building Items - Mural update - almost finished, The painter has offered to add one more tree to not end as abruptly, it will extend to corner. Day of Caring- Allegan United Way ideas for shelving in teen area
Budget Items - Payroll tax fix, insurance budget adjustment $61.00 taken from utilities as that was slightly over budgets
Library Closings – None in August, Labor Day Weekend Sept. 1-3
Volunteers - Megan LaCourse cleaning backroom
Lakeland, State other library news - New Strategic Plan, Dorr did not get their Vote to raise millage.
Old Business --
- Mason Parmalee Endowment Update - per e mail from Clare Membiela, MLS we will need to consult with lawyer to decide what to do with endowment. We may chose to decide to speak with auditor about it to. Lawyer fees may be more than endowment
- Strategic Planning Update - Gun Lake Casino Grant Update - still waiting to hear back from casino. Karon will call them again
- Adoption of the .0119 mills operating tax increase as specified in the Truth in Taxation Hearing
- L4029 Approval- motion made by Morgan Coon, Seconded by Mimi Gabriel with override of Headlee. All Ayes
New Business –
- Strategic Planning - Future Saving for A/C Units?- put on budget planning and get some quotes on cost of units.
Public Comment- none
Adjournment - Motion made by Mimi Gabriel, seconded by Karon Dunifn. All ayes at 7:54pm
Next Meeting Tuesday, September 11, 2018


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Potent Quotables
List of quotations that are insightful, thoughtful, and timeless.
Start Over
"Maybe it's not always about trying to fix something broken. Maybe it's about starting over and creating something better."
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PLANS are being drawn up to ban drivers doing U-turns at a major junction to improve safety.
Southend Council is planning the ban for motorists at the Kent Elms junction on the A127 near Eastwood.
Council bosses say it comes following a safety report after a new £1.3million footbridge was installed over the junction.
The council says there have been no particular incidents leading to the plans.
But Mark Flewitt, deputy mayor of Southend said you cannot plan around the stupidity of some drivers.
He said: "I think these are relatively radical plans for an integral part of our highways.
"It used to be a hotspot for any incident such as crashes, but isn't now that we've got the bridge."
"You cannot design out the stupidity and dangerous driving of some motorists."
Andrew Moring, Tory councillor for Eastwood Park Ward said: "It would be good to stop this happening before we have any accidents.
"It's common sense that there will be accident unless we stop it happening.
"I am surprised people can do this as it's a tight junction."
Trisha Browne, 51, of Park Avenue, Eastwood said: "It may help to make it safer for pedestrians as sometimes drivers make U-turns when people are crossing.
"The bridge does help with this but people must be able to cross a road without being worried about being hit by a car."
Kevin Buck, Tory shadow councillor for transport who was involved in the bridge installation, said: "I would like to see the report and evidence of this.
"Anything that makes the junction safer gets my support."
Larissa Reed, executive director for neighbourhoods and environment, said: "Subject to no objections to the Traffic Regulation order, we will be implementing a ban on U-turns on the London bound westbound route at the Kent Elms junction.
"This is being done to improve the safety of road users at the junction and the work will consist of erecting 'no U-turn ahead' signs.
"The work will be carried out overnight once the Traffic Regulation order is in place."


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How good is it to wake up in the morning ready to start the day right! To get up refreshed, happy, and rearing to go, is something worth achieving. So how do you start the day right and get off to a flying start? There are many ideas about this ranging from eating a healthy breakfast to meditating. Continue Reading
Get pumped for Winter. It's good for your for your health
When the cooler weather arrives, it's time to get pumped for Winter. Even if it's chilly outdoors, there's no need to let your spirits take a nose-dive. You don't have to slow down, think less, or do less. Even on the dreariest of days, it's possible to shake yourself up, boost your spirits, pump Continue Reading
Look ahead in the New Year. It's good for your health.
Happy New Year! It's an exciting time for everyone. Or is it? For some people, it may be a continuation of last year's old dismal way of living. For others, it'll be an opportunity to look ahead - to set new goals, make an exhilarating fresh start, see the potential of fulfilling long-held dreams, Continue Reading
Beat the winter blues! It's good for your health.
It's Winter! Time to enjoy cosy fires, hot drinks, warm clothes, snuggling up in bed, and even trips to the snow. However, colder, shorter days may result in the winter blues, anxiety over one's health, and worry about the best ways to keep the family well. When such winter-time-concerns set in, Continue Reading
Conquer bad memories! It's good for your health.
Memories! They can be good or bad, happy or sad, inspiring or just plain depressing. Some memories are worth keeping, while others need to be deleted from one's "memory-bank" forever. The removal of unwanted recollections, however, is often easier said than done. Yet there is a way to conquer bad Continue Reading


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Timothy Mcguire
Blogger and web developer. writes and shares about marketing, web development and mobile apps.
Marketing Techniology Landscape Supergraphic (2017): Martech 5000. I'm delighted to release the 2017 edition of the marketing technology landscape, which we've nicknamed the Martech 5000, here at the MarTech conference in San Francisco.
As you've probably guessed from that moniker: the landscape grew again this year, by about 40%, to a total of 5,381 solutions (from 4,891 unique companies). How To Get A Better End Result From Your Web Developer. Why Staging Environments Are Critical for WordPress Sites — SitePoint. This article is part of a series created in partnership with SiteGround.
Thank you for supporting the partners who make SitePoint possible. Is Marketing In Spanish Still Relevant To Hispanics? Free resources for learning full stack web development. When getting started with new technologies and languages, it can be a bit daunting having to sift through all of the options for education resources.
That's why one full stack developer under the username bmorelli25 on GitHub wanted to create a free resource list, so others can get a little help while they begin their journey to becoming a web developer. According to his GitHub page, he focused on JavaScript, React, and Node.js resources, but there is also "a wealth of information" on interview preparation and how to apply to full stack web development jobs.
After perusing this list of over 100 free learning resources, SD Times decided to pull out some of the most interesting links to make the process of learning web development even easier. Where to begin? Morelli recommends getting started with Web Developer Roadmap, which was this week's SD Times GitHub project of the week. 2 Reports Investigate Growing Demand for Enterprise Mobile Apps. News 2 Reports Investigate Growing Demand for Enterprise Mobile Apps Two new research reports from different companies with different goals speak to one main conclusion: enterprises are demanding more mobile apps.
Who develops them, how they're created and what they're used for may vary, but more enterprise mobile apps are definitely being built, according to reports from Fliplet and ContractIQ. Fliplet provides a Web-based low-code tool of the same name, while ContractIQ, specializing in "outsourced app development," lets contract development agencies show off their work and get matched up with employers.
Fliplet conducted research based on the usage of its low-code dev tool to come up with the new "2017 Enterprise Mobile App Report," seeking to answer the question: "If cost or technical limitations weren't a problem, what apps would companies build? " The report stated: "Organizations are realizing the importance and potential of enterprise apps. About the Author. Africa: Mobile Apps Transform Factory Environment, Creating New Business Models and Growth Opportunities. Press release London — Industrial mobile applications enhance connectivity, control, convergence and customer satisfaction, finds Frost & Sullivan's Industrial Automation and Process Control team With groundbreaking innovation in network infrastructure, adoption of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and continuous technological advancements in handheld devices, the factory environment is set to witness a massive transformation with the advent of Industrial mobile applications (apps).
Coupled with IIOT, industrial mobile apps will create new business models and revenue streams aimed at enhancing connectivity, control, convergence and customer satisfaction, plus increase overall plant productivity, responsiveness, supply chain logistics and employee relations. Google. Gmail Images MoreEven more from Google Sign in All News Books Images Maps Tools.
Forbes Welcome. Forbes Welcome. 9 Sales and Marketing Tips for Startups. Marketing done right can be an incredible boon for your business's net income.
Done wrong, however, it can feel like throwing money into a raging bonfire. Because small business owners have to be whatever their small business needs -- all the time -- it can be difficult to master all the nuances that go into sales or marketing. If you're not a natural salesperson, it can be even more difficult. Fear not, the following nine marketing tips for startups can help you make more sales, market better and waste less money. Related: The 5 Stages Startups Must Go Through to Make That First $1 Million 1. How you market yourself is all about highlighting what makes you different. Cost (you know how to price a product better than the competition)Quality (you're better)A combination thereof (you offer the better value) But how you sell yourself is different than how you market yourself. Selling is about the benefit. 2. Sam Walton, WalMart's famed mass retail titan, started his empire in rural America.
17 WordPress Web Design Trends We Can Expect in 2017. Best Apps and Mobile Games of 2016. The year 2016 has come and gone, bringing several amazing apps and games with it.
Some of these were released for the first time in 2016, while others got significant updates that brought them to our list. From WhatsApp to Super Mario Run, here are our favourite apps and games released in 2016. Best Apps of 2016These are our favourite apps released in 2016. Pocket Casts 6.0Pocket Casts is an awesome podcast player for Android and iOS. The app got a major update in 2016 and this was made available for free for existing customers. Download: Pocket Casts on iOS or Android PrismaIt appeared out of nowhere and became a viral sensation in no time.
Download: Prisma on iOS or Android.


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Leaders in the Education, Art, andScience of Facial Reconstruction
Back to Awards
The American Society of Maxillofacial Surgeons and the Maxillofacial Surgeons Foundation are proud to announce the ASMS Resident Scholar Program for plastic surgery residents who have expressed an interest in developing a career in Craniomaxillofacial Surgery. This program provides airfare and hotel reimbursement to the Resident Scholar to attend the annual scientific meeting.
Three scholarships will be awarded. A travel voucher will be provided with the award to be completed and returned with appropriate receipts and up to $1,200 will be reimbursed. The award is to defray airfare, hotel accommodations, and related expenses for meeting attendance.
Scholar Applicant Criteria:
Requirements for Resident Scholar Nomination:
Please send application materials to ASMS Resident Scholar Program, via email to firstname.lastname@example.com or via mail to ASMS, Attn: Lorraine O'Grady, 500 Cummings Center, Suite 4400, Beverly, MA 01915.


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Trump's Farmer Bailout
In 2018, President Trump created a bailout program to offset farmers' losses from his trade war with China, which cut off many growers' access to their biggest market. Funded through the Commodity Credit Corporation, a government entity that can borrow up to $30 billion from the Treasury, the bailout has circumvented Congressional oversight.
In the first round of Trump's bailout, $8.6 billion in these taxpayer-funded Market Facilitation Program, or MFP, payments went out the door. USDA began distributing a second round of payments in August 2019, and as of February 2020, $14.5 billion had already been paid out.
Through Freedom of Information Act requests to the Agriculture Department, EWG has analyzed these payments. We found that rather than supporting small, struggling farmers, MFP money has overwhelmingly gone to farmers who are already wealthy, as well as to people who live in cities and other places far from the fields. Thousands of recipients have received more than the maximum payment limit USDA first announced.
It's all perfectly legal, thanks to loopholes in current farm subsidy law:
- Many farms are set up as partnerships, and each partner can apply for the maximum aid available. All partners are supposed to be "actively engaged in farming," but that requirement can be met through a phone call about what to plant. (See this report from the Government Accountability Office.)
- Family members of farmers or landowners – including spouses, children, cousins, nieces and nephews – can apply for aid on behalf of a business.
- Landowners who lease their land to tenant farmers – about 40 percent of U.S. farmland is rented – are eligible to apply for bailout money and other farm subsidies if they have a crop share lease with the tenant.
EWG will continue to analyze this expensive and inequitable boondoggle.
Bailout payments aimed at relief for farmers from the impacts of President Trump's trade war and the COVID-19 pandemic likely pushed 2019 federal farm spending beyond subsidy caps set by an international trade agreement, potentially inviting retaliation from trading partners.Read More
Congress should direct the Department of Agriculture to use COVID-19 relief funds to ensure that farmworkers –not big farmers – have protections, free testing and paid sick leave.Read More
The Trump administration's plan to spend billions to address the impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on agriculture may help industrial-scale produce farms but does little to assist farmworkers threatened by COVID-19, a new EWG analysis shows.Read More
Just in time for Christmas, the Trump administration has finalized a rule to kick 700,000 hungry Americans off the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP, commonly called food stamps – the first phase of a broader plan to deny nutrition support to 3 million low-income people.Read More
Last week, the Department of Agriculture announced a new round of cash payments to farmers to ease their losses from President Trump's trade war with China, which has cut off many growers from their biggest market. Perhaps feeling the sting of Senate Democrats' blistering rebuke of gross inequities in the so-called Market Facilitation Program, or MFP, the president tweeted: "The smaller farms and farmers will be big beneficiaries."Read More
The grass is always greener for "fairway farmers" who, despite living next to golf courses instead of crop land, have raked in hundreds of thousands of dollars in payments from the first round of President Trump's trade war bailout program.Read More
Fifteen members of an agribusiness council that advised Donald Trump's 2016 presidential campaign have received $2.2 million from the federal bailout program for farmers hurt by the president's trade war with China.Read More
Farm bailout payments intended to offset the impacts of President Trump's trade war have instead flowed to an estimated more than 9,000 "city slickers" who live in the nation's largest cities, an updated EWG analysis of Department of Agriculture data shows.Read More
Farm bailout payments designed to offset the impacts of President's Trump's trade war have overwhelmingly flowed to the largest and most successful farmers, according to EWG's analysis of the latest Department of Agriculture data.Read More
President Trump's tariffs are a disaster for American soybean farmers, effectively cutting off access to China, their largest market. The Department of Agriculture's bailout program has not helped most of them, because the bulk of payments go to the biggest and richest farmers.Read More
Nearly 3,500 farms have received more than $125,000 each in bailout payments intended to offset the impacts of President Trump's trade war, according to an EWG analysis of Department of Agriculture data.
Read More
Farm bailout payments intended to offset the impacts of President Trump's trade war have instead flowed to more than 1,000 "city slickers" who live in the nation's largest cities, an EWG analysis of Department of Agriculture data shows.Read More
Our farm safety net is already so filled with loopholes that the top 3 percent of farms – or about 60,000 farms – receive roughly 40 percent of all farm subsidies.Read More


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ome people like olives. Some don't. I don't like olives. I don't like XML either.Unfortunately, for me, all major Web frameworks rely on XML to do basically everything: setup, configuration, form handling, validation, etc. Welcome to the world of XML "programming."
Another problem for me is that I like to do things really fast. That's why I had a feeling something was wrong with C++. To do a project with C++, medium programmers end up spending more than half their time fighting with the language syntax, pointers, handlers, memory management, unbound arrays, etc., and very little time doing what they're paid to do: the project. The Java language comes to the rescue with an abstraction power that makes everything easy. Just think something and Java can do it! You don't have to care how, you just have to use the APIs.
Unfortunately, the Web frameworks out there are not for the medium guys. They require time to master and can scare rookies with XML all over the place and little tricks they are expected to know and get away with. It is like showing a Hello World EJB example to someone that has never seen an Enterprise JavaBeans component before. The result is shock and fear.
Mentawai, an open source framework, tries to break free from this scenario by implementing a small, simple, flexible, idiot-proof MVC (Model-View-Controller) Web framework with no XML at all. Instead of XML, we can use Java code to achieve the same results, and guess what: Java code has Javadocs! You can even compile Java code to catch errors! Java code is object-oriented programming. How about XML?
The most common reply I get from people when I defend this point is: "Hey, you don't have to compile and restart your Web application with XML!" I may be losing something deeper here, but, if you change your XML, you do have to restart your Web context for most of the Web frameworks I have seen. Plus compiling is definitely not a bad thing. It is a good thing! If you could compile XML to quickly discover a wrong attribute, our debbuging time would decrease.
Now that I have argued my point, let's check what Mentawai can offer us as an alternative.
Let's begin by setting up our Web application to use the Mentawai framework. First, place the mentawai.jar file (downloadable from Resources) inside your application's
/WEB-INF/libdirectory and declare in your
web.xmlfile that you want to use the Mentawai controller:

The action paradigm
Mentawai uses the action paradigm. The main characteristics of a Mentawai action are:
- An action has an input(
org.mentawai.core.Input) and an output(
- An action generates a result(
java.lang.String) after it executes. The result is usually
ERROR, but you can create your own.
- For each result, there is a consequence(
org.mentawai.core.Consequence). Consequences for a Web application are usually
REDIRECT, but you can create your own.
- An action has access to contexts(
org.mentawai.core.Context). Contexts for a Web application are usually a session context (
org.mentawai.core.SessionContext) and an application context (
org.mentawai.core.ApplicationContext), but you can create your own.
Let's see an example Mentawai action:
package examples.hello;
import org.mentawai.core.*;
public class HelloMentawai extends BaseAction {
public String execute() throws ActionException {
String username = input.getStringValue("username");
if (username == null || username.trim().equals("")) {
return ERROR;
output.setValue("username", username.toUpperCase());
return SUCCESS;
This action looks for a username input parameter and outputs it in uppercase. If it does not find the username parameter, the result is
ERROR, otherwise
HelloMentawaiinherits from
BaseAction, which is a useful implementation of the
BaseActionprovides, through protected data members, access to input, output, session context, application context, and more. For each possible result, we must associate a consequence. Instead of using a boring XML file, Mentawai let's you do that with Java code, by creating an
ApplicationManagerclass that extends
// No package (root package)
public class ApplicationManager extends org.mentawai.core.ApplicationManager {
public void loadActions() {
ActionConfig ac = new ActionConfig("/HelloWorld", HelloMentawai.class);
ac.addConsequence(HelloMentawai.SUCCESS, new Forward("/hello.jsp"));
ac.addConsequence(HelloMentawai.ERROR, new Forward("/username.jsp"));
// TIP: you can also use this less error-prone syntax
addActionConfig(new ActionConfig("/HelloWorld", HelloMentawai.class)
.addConsequence(HelloMentawai.SUCCESS, new Forward("/hello.jsp"))
.addConsequence(HelloMentawai.ERROR, new Forward("/username.jsp")));
The consequence for a
SUCCESSis a forward to
/hello.jsp. The consequence for an
ERRORis a forward to
/username.jsp. When the container starts, the Mentawai controller calls the
loadActions()method. Through the
ActionConfigclass, you can define different names and consequences for the same action implementation. The Mentawai controller finds actions by name, so "/HelloWorld" will be called by http://www.myapp.org/HelloWorld.mtw, and "/customers/ListCustomers" will be called by http://www.myapp.org/customers/ListCustomers.mtw. You can put your
ApplicationManagerclass in any package, but, by default, Mentawai tries to load it from the root package.
Below is the code for the

Hello Metawai!

<form action="HelloWorld.mtw" method="post">
Type an username: <input name="username" size="25" />
<input type="submit" value="Send">
Below is the code for the
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/lib/mentawai.jar" prefix="mtw" %>

Hello <mtw:out value="username" /> from Mentawai!

Notice the use of a Mentawai custom tag to display the action output. Mentawai provides many useful and simple tags for displaying action output. It also provides a base custom tag implementation from where you can easily create your own Mentawai tags. Mentawai also supports JSTL (JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Libraries), expression language, and Velocity for the view layer.
To test the above example, place the
mentawai.jarin your classpath, compile the above classes, create the
username.jsppages and set up everything in your Web application. (If you want, download the HelloWorld.war archive with all the files for this example.) Access the first page with http://www.yourapp.org/yourcontext/username.jsp. Type a username, and you should see the username in uppercase. Congratulations! You have run your first Mentawai Web application!
Best practices
Notice that through the
ActionConfigclass, you can reuse the same action implementation in different situations. For example, you may create two
ActionConfigs with the same action implementation, but with different consequences that lead to different JSP (JavaServer Pages) pages. In other words, the same model can have different views, which is what the MVC pattern dictates.
Mentawai filters
A filter intercepts an action so it can modify its input and output, before and after the action executes. A filter is Mentawai's most important concept, and most of the framework's features are implemented as transparent filters. To learn about filters, let's code a generic filter that tries to populate a value object from the action input parameters. But, before we dive into the code, let's understand the
package org.mentawai.core;
public interface Filter {
public String filter(InvocationChain chain) throws FilterException, ActionException;
An action may have more than one filter, so for each action, an
InvocationChainclass is created, which has two important methods:
getAction(): Returns the invocation chain's action.
invoke(): Executes the next step in the invocation chain — in other words, the next filter or the action. The action is the last step in an
It is important to understand that a filter can alter an action before and after it executes. Check the code below for an example:
import org.mentawai.core.*;
public class MyFilter implements Filter {
public String filter(InvocationChain chain) throws FilterException, ActionException {
Action action = chain.getAction();
Output output = action.getOutput();
output.setValue("before", "doing something before!");
String result = chain.invoke();
output.setValue("after", "doing something after!");
return result;
Now, let's code our generic filter.
The VOFilter
org.mentawai.filter.VOFiltercomes with Mentawai and proves useful for populating a value object with form parameters. For example, the simple class
User.javahas two attributes: username and password. We can use the
VOFilterto populate a user bean before an action executes. Let's first check
VOFilter's source code:
package org.mentawai.filter;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.util.*;
import org.mentawai.core.*;
public class VOFilter implements Filter {
private Class klass;
public VOFilter(Class klass) {
this.klass = klass;
private Object createObject() {
try {
return klass.newInstance();
} catch(Exception e) {
return null;
* Use reflection to set a property in the bean
private void setValue(Object bean, String name, Object value) {
try {
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(30);
Method m = klass.getMethod(sb.toString(), new Class[] { value.getClass() });
if (m != null) {
m.invoke(bean, new Object[] { value });
} catch(Exception e) {
public String filter(InvocationChain chain) throws FilterException, ActionException {
Action action = chain.getAction();
Input input = action.getInput();
Object bean = createObject();
if (bean != null) {
Iterator iter = input.keys();
while(iter.hasNext()) {
String name = (String) iter.next();
Object value = input.getValue(name);
setValue(bean, name, value);
// Set the bean in the action input
input.setValue(klass.getName(), bean);
return chain.invoke();
Our user bean:
package examples.vofilter;
public class User {
private String username;
private String password;
public User() { }
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
public String getUsername() { return username; }
public String getPassword() { return password; }
VOFilterloops through every action input parameter and tries to inject these values in the class passed to the filter's constructor. It uses the class name to place the new object in the input so the action can access it.
The code for a simple action that might use this filter is:
package examples.vofilter;
import java.util.*;
import org.mentawai.core.*;
public class HelloVOFilter extends BaseAction {
public String execute() throws ActionException {
User user = (User) input.getValue("examples.vofilter.User");
if (user == null) return ERROR;
// Do something with the User object
output.setValue("user", user);
return SUCCESS;
Setting up the
VOFilterto filter our action is easy:
// No package (root package)!
import org.mentawai.core.*;
import org.mentawai.filter.*;
import examples.vofilter.*;
public class ApplicationManager extends org.mentawai.core.ApplicationManager {
public void loadActions() {
ActionConfig ac = new ActionConfig("/HelloVOFilter", HelloVOFilter.class);
ac.addConsequence(HelloVOFilter.SUCCESS, new Forward("/hello.jsp"));
// Add a VOFilter to load a User object...
ac.addFilter(new VOFilter(User.class));
Through the method
addFilter(), you can add filters to your actions. Notice that an action may have more than one filter, and you can also set global filters that intercept all actions with the
Refer to the resources to download the complete
VOFilterexample as a war archive.
Best practices
Inside your actions, you should place only code related to your model layer, either through model beans or plain code. With filters, you can better separate the model layer that goes inside your action from authentication, validation, connection pooling, and any other logic that has nothing to do with your model. Filters are an elegant approach for keeping your model layer clean!
Validation is an important topic in any Web application that must guarantee only valid data is written to the database. Frameworks exist solely for this purpose, like Apache Commons Validator ; however, they encourage the use of XML. Mentawai takes a different approach by using the classes
org.mentawai.validator.Ruleto obtain a similar result with plain Java code.
You should do validation for your actions through a filter. Your validation filter should inherit from
org.mentawai.filter.ValidationFilterand override the
initValidator()method to set up rules for each field, along with the error you want to show in case of a validation failure. Check the example below:
public class HelloWorldValidator extends ValidationFilter {
private static final int FIELD_REQUIRED_ERROR = 1;
private static final int INVALID_USERNAME_LENGTH = 2;
private static final int INVALID_AGE = 3;
private static final int INVALID_PASSWORD_LENGTH = 4;
private static final int PASSWORD_DOES_NOT_MATCH = 5;
public void initValidator() {
add("username", new RequiredFieldRule(), FIELD_REQUIRED_ERROR);
add("username", new StringRule(6, 30), INVALID_USERNAME_LENGTH);
add("age", new RequiredFieldRule(), FIELD_REQUIRED_ERROR);
add("age", new IntegerRule(18, 50), INVALID_AGE);
add("password", new RequiredFieldRule(), FIELD_REQUIRED_ERROR);
add("password", new StringRule(4, 20), INVALID_PASSWORD_LENGTH);
add("password", new EqualRule("password", "passconf"), PASSWORD_DOES_NOT_MATCH);
add("passconf", new RequiredFieldRule(), FIELD_REQUIRED_ERROR);
Note that validation happens in a chain for each field. In the example above, the
agefield has two validation rules:
IntegerRule. The second one executes only if the first one succeeds. You can add as many rules as you want for a single field.
By default, validation looks for error messages in the directory
/validation, inside the document root. The i18n file inside this directory must have the same name of the validation filter, so, in our case, it is
The contents for the file
/validation/HelloWorldValidator_en_US.i18nappear below:
# Messages for the filter HelloWorldValidator #
1 = Required field cannot be left blank
2 = Your username must be between %min% and %max% characters long.
3 = You must be %min% years old or older.
4 = Your password must be between %min% and %max% characters long.
5 = Passwords do not match.
What are
%max%in the error messages? Each rule can place special tokens inside error messages by implementing the method
getTokens(). These tokens replace the marker
EqualRulehave no tokens.
IntegerRulereturn the minimum and maximum values as tokens, so, if desired, you can show these values in the error messages.
A validation filter is totally decoupled from the action, so the same filter may be used to validate different actions. This avoids unnecessary code duplication and strives for better code maintenance.
Below is our
ApplicationManager, which registers the validation filter for our action:
public class ApplicationManager extends org.mentawai.core.ApplicationManager {
public void loadActions() {
ActionConfig ac = new ActionConfig("/HelloWorld", HelloWorld.class);
ac.addConsequence(HelloWorld.SUCCESS, new Forward("/hello.jsp"));
ac.addConsequence(HelloWorld.ERROR, new Forward("/form.jsp"));
ac.addFilter(new HelloWorldValidator());
public void loadLocales() {
LocaleManager.add(new Locale("pt", "BR"));
LocaleManager.add(new Locale("en", "US"));
Notice that we specify in the
loadLocales()method the locales our application supports. If you don't do anything, Mentawai will have just one default locale:
en_US. Therefore, it will expect to find at least
*_en_US.i18nfiles. Since we are specifying two locales, you should have two files inside the validation directory:
HelloWorldValidator_pt_BR.i18n. You can change your browser's default language to test these files.
In the view layer, we can use the handy
<mtw:error field="" />to display validation error messages. The contents of the
form.jspfile appear below:
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/lib/mentawai.jar" prefix="mtw" %>
Note: The form loses all data on each submission!
Mentawai can solve this problem automatically for you through its HTML tags.

Hello Validation!

<form action="HelloWorld.mtw" method="post">
Your username: <input name="username" size="25" />
<mtw:error field="username" />

Your age: <input type="text" name="age" size="10" maxlength="3" />
<mtw:error field="age" />

Your password: <input type="password" name="password" size="25" />
<mtw:error field="password" />

Again please: <input type="password" name="passconf" size="25" />
<mtw:error field="passconf" />
<input type="submit" value="Enviar">
Notice that the Mentawai tag
<mtw:hasError>is conditional; in other words, it will only show its body contents if its conditional is true.
Refer to the resources to download the complete validation example as a war archive.
Creating more validation rules
When it comes to validation, you can create an unlimited number of validation rules. For example, you may need to have a
CreditCardRule, a
URLRule, an
EmailRule(provided by Mentawai), or a
PasswordRule. You can either use one of the available Mentawai rules or create your own.
Creating your own rules in Mentawai is easy and just a matter of implementing the
org.mentawai.validator.Ruleinterface. You can also use one of the abstract rules that come with Mentawai:
BasicRule: A simple rule to validate a single field (
LocaleRule: A rule to validate a single field considering its locale (
CrossRule: A rule to compare different fields in the same form for the validation (
Mentawai comes with a useful rule:
org.mentawai.rule.RegexRule. With this rule, you can validate a field with a regular expression. Therefore, this rule should be subclassed to create more rules that can be performed with a regular expression.
org.mentawai.rule.EmailRuleis such an example. You should refer to the API documentation for more details on how to extend these classes.
Keeping the form data
You probably noticed that our form loses all its data after each submission, forcing the user to type everything again and resulting in a terrible experience for the user and also for the developer who must code a solution. However, through Mentawai's HTML tags, you can solve this problem without a single line of code. Just use the tags
<mtw:checkboxes>, and
<mtw:radiobuttons>to construct your HTML and the form will not lose its data anymore. These custom tags have the same attributes of normal HTML tags, so you should have no problems using them.
SUBHEAD Conclusion
In this article, I have covered a small part of the Mentawai Web framework. You have been introduced to the framework's architecture and have seen how most of its features can be implemented as filters and, best of all, with no XML. We also examined the validation feature and saw how we can easily configure localized error messages in i18n files. With Mentawai, you don't have to deal with those boring XML files anymore. You can use the
ApplicationManagerclass to achieve the same results with plain Java code.


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Christmas Garage Door Decorations
Yes it's that time again! Christmas movies & cookies, family gatherings, presents and… DECORATIONS! If you're getting your decorating game plan together, be sure to include your garage door this year! Here's a few tips to get you started!
-Magnets! Simple & easy to set up! You can buy Christmas decoration magnets for your garage door as cheap as $15! That could possibly be the biggest bang for your buck! Decorate your door and use an in ground spot light to show off your garage door at night! It's the biggest opening to your home so everyone will see it! Again, it's simple, cheap, and sets up fast!
-Traditional Wreaths. The wreath is one of the most used decorations for Christmas. Your garage door provides you with a great canvas for wreaths. Some people like to buy the biggest wreath they can find and put them on the garage door, while others prefer to place wreaths on both sides of their door! You can even combine wreaths on the sides with magnets on the door!
-Projectors! This was a hot trend last year with Christmas decorations! They're relatively cheap and easy to install. Projectors bring your Christmas décor to life! Set them up to project images or sayings onto your garage door to attract the attention of passersby.
-Covers! What better way to make your garage door the center of Christmas décor attention than covering the entire door with a Christmas cover!? Easy to install and immediately makes your home standout with Christmas spirit! Just be sure not to use your garage door while it's covered up!
However you choose to decorate your home, DGD hopes you have a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!


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Wednesday, June 11, 2008
Sleep Problem
I'm not totally worried because I still manage to do whatever it is I need to do for the day, but it's just a tad bit disconcerting thinking about it. Especially since I'm not sure what the best course of action to take in order to solve this. The usual advice of sleeping early goes out of the window because of my silly waking-up-in-the-middle-of-the-night routine. Taking sleeping medications is definitely not an option because there's a huge chance I'd still wake up in the middle of the night, or wake up and find that it's the middle of the day.
Last night, I attempted a different approach. I merely stopped sleeping and went to work as soon as the sun was up. I took long walks, which were refreshing and kept me feeling energized the whole morning. I stole a nap during lunch that ended up turning into a 2 hour sleep which didn't help me at all. I felt sluggish most of the afternoon.
Tonight, I'm going for a 6 hour sleep starting at 1:30am, and see if I could get myself up and running by 7:30am. I need at least 6 hours of sleep because tonight is Badminton night. I'm slow enough as it is on court without throwing fatigue into the equation.
So if you have any suggestions (that does not include any of the above mentioned strategies, please feel free to share them.
It's close to 1:30am now so I guess I'll log off.
6 comments:
- joyfulchicken said...
"It's close to 1:30am now so I guess I'll log off."
- June 11, 2008 at 2:02 AM
- philos said...
@JC: Hmmm, that might be part of the reason why I wake up late. Thanks for the insightful comment. :p
- June 11, 2008 at 2:04 AM
It's probably an accumulation of distorted sleeping habits and twisted body clock, much like JC. :p
Seriously, you can do the ff:
1. If you're not late, reward yourself; and/or
2. If you're late, discipline yourself.
- June 11, 2008 at 4:23 PM
- philos said...
@lester: what kind of reward/discipline do you suggest? anyhow, I sorta did that earlier, woke up late, and was of course late for work, so I walked instead of taking the trike
- June 11, 2008 at 11:08 PM
Examples of rewards:
1. Indulge in good FOOD!!!
2. Buy yourself something you like
3. Go to Thewi Thai Massage
4. Get to have a cooler temp. in the morning
5. Get to blog that you're not late hehe.
Examples of disciplines:
1. No internet on the day you're late
2. No TV on the day you're late
3. Reduce a % of your budget for every __ mins. late
4. Treat your family
It's up to you to create a system.
- June 13, 2008 at 3:51 PM
Good Job! :)
- June 24, 2008 at 10:05 PM


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Don't miss the chance to enjoy an adventure on this Sugar Loaf Rio Hike. Sail in a fisherman's boat, hike to the peak, and admire the amazing view.
|Number of Travelers
|Price Per Person
|2 or more
On these Paraty Tours, you'll get to hike to the spectacular lookout point of Sugar Loaf Peak near Paraty Brazil. It's really breathtaking! The view has 360 degrees and you get to see forests, mountains, Ilha Grande and Mamanguá Bay. It is one of those tours that stay in the memory. Adventure from beginning to end, transport by dirt road, transition in Paraty-Mirim in a small fisherman's boat, and a steep hike to the summit, but with an amazing view in the end that makes the hike completely worth it.
Duration: 7 hours
Start and end Location: Paraty
Availability: Every day at 8:30 am
Miscellaneous: We avoid walking tours on days of heavy rain. The difficulty level of this hike is set as moderate to difficult
The tour starts with a 40-minute drive out of Paraty to Paraty Mirim, then followed by boat to the trail head. We will walk less than 2.5 miles (4 km), round trip, averaging just over 1-hour walk each way. The remaining time is spent on swimming, having lunch, and taking photos at the summit.
After you book your experience, you will receive a confirmation email from us confirming that your payment went through. You will then be connected directly to the tour operator, in case you have any further questions. We are also happy to answer any questions about the tour, or travel in general in your country of destination.


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In an earlier post I discussed the idea of mathematical duality, and I used the duality between the time domain and the frequency domain, as seen with Fourier transforms, to illustrate the idea.
Today, I will discuss the simpler duality that we see in linear algebra (the study of vector spaces). This will only be an overview. There are many fine textbooks on linear algebra if you are looking for a more detailed discussion.
Getting to basics, a vector space is a set of objects that are called vectors. Given any two vectors x and y, it is possible to add them to produce the vector x + y. And given a vector x, and an ordinary number a, it is possible to multiply x by a, giving the vector ax. Ordinary numbers are sometimes called scalars, to distinguish them from vectors. We require that the addition of vectors and the multiplication of vectors by scalars satisfy some ordinary rules of algebra, such as the associative and commutative laws of addition and the distributive law of multiplication.
Vectors are commonly described as having both direction and length. This comes from intended uses of linear algebra in physics, but is not strictly a requirement for a general abstract vector space. It is common to still talk about direction. We can say that the vector 3x is in the same direction as the vector x. Similarly, we could say that the vector 3x is three times as long as the vector x. We can think of that as a relative notion of length that applies only to vectors that are in the same direction (or are all scalar multiples of a single vector). However, in general, we cannot compare the length of vector x with the length of vector y. In order to have a general measure of length that applies to all vectors we would need a notion of a metric, and that is not part of the definition of a basic vector space.
Once we have a vector space, we can talk about linear functions over that vector space. Such a linear function gives a numeric (or scalar) value for each vector to which it is applied. We use a notation f(x) for applying the function f to the vector x. A function f is linear if
f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y)
f(ax) = af(x)
for any scalar a and any vectors x and y.
Given a vector space V, we can define V* to be the set of all linear functions over V.
There is a duality between V and V*. Given a vector x and a linear function f, the value f(x) is a numeric value. We normally think of that as applying the function f to the vector x. But we could equally think of it as applying the vector x to the function f. V* turns out to be a vector space. And the vectors in V turn out to be linear functions over V* when we think of f(x) as being x acting on f. We could almost write it as x(f) instead of as f(x), to emphasize that way of looking at it.
Starting with V, we can thus form its dual V*. Similarly, starting with V*, we could form a dual of that which we could call V**. From the preceding paragraph, we see that the vectors in V are automatically in V**, so that V is part of V**. In many important cases, including the cases where V is finite dimensional, V** is just V itself.
Enough for the abstract part. Let's try to see where this fits in simple cases.
The most basic use of vectors is in discussing 3 dimensional space. We pick an arbitrary origin, which we take to be the vector 0. Then given any point in three dimensional space, we can consider that point to be a vector. In the traditional description where vectors have length and direction, we think of the vector as a directed line (or arrow) joining our origin to the particular point.
It is common to use numeric coordinates for vectors. So the vector (1,2,3) would correspond to the vector which extends 1 unit to my right, 2 units forward away from me and 3 units vertically. The values 1, 2 and 3 are often called Cartesian coordinates.
A coordinate value such as taking the vertical component (the 3 in that (1,2,3) expression) is actually a linear function over our vectors. When it comes to doing anything useful with vectors, we need those linear functions that are in the dual space.
In a future post, I shall be suggesting that we should look ordinary facts in a somewhat similar way. I will, in effect, be presenting a mathematician's views about epistemology.


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Home to some of Asia's most eclectic coffee houses Thailand is a Cafe enthusiast's dream come true. From the capital's best to resort favourites here are the top contenders for Thailand's best Cafe.
Often regarded as a one of a kind restaurant in Bangkok Thailand The Coffee Club is no ordinary café in the country's capital. Located within the Anantara Baan Rajprasong Bangkok Serviced Suites, The Coffee Club is a signature coffee house boasting an array of unique blends of the world's favorite beverage and a wide range of gourmet dishes as well. Tea lovers will also find a selection of exotic and herbal infused teas as well as traditional teas.
Located across the street from the MBK mall entrance the Gallery Drip Coffee is another iconic café occupying the Bangkok Arts and Cultural Center. A popular haunt for local hipsters as well as retro fanatics the venue blends art and the art of enjoying a refreshing cup of drip coffee perfectly. The brainchild of a group of photographers the venue is ideal for serious coffee addicts with a healthy love of desserts.
Occupying pride of place on the 4th level of the Siam Centre this stylish café is one of Thailand's must- visit cafés. As the Siam branch of the Thong Lor origins café Petite Audrey takes French sophistication to new heights with traditional fresh maid's attire for the staff as well as its minimalistic white decor. Some of the must-sample items served at the café include Thai Milk Tea Crepe Cakes while the Milo crepe cake is also a local favourite.
As one of the most popular local cafés in Bangkok Kyo Roll En is a classic Kyoto Lifestyle Café visitors can experience at both Siam Square, The Emporium and Siam Paragon. Famed for its ice cream and cake rolls the venue is the top hub for Japanese inspired desserts in Thailand. Open from 10 am to 10pm the café is a cosy locale to enjoy light and airy desserts and beverages.
With a rich history dating back to humble beginnings in the early 60's Mont Nom Sod is a veritable institution in the local food scene by no coincidence. Having served toast from food trucks the brand has grown to become a staple stopover for visitors and locals in search of Kaya (coconut custard) toast. Other delicious menu items served at the café include its chocolate teas and Thai milk concoctions. Long queues are a common features outside Mont Nom Sod at MBK thanks to the café's popularity.
Situated in Thong Lor Roast Café occupies the second floor in Seenspace Center. Known for its luxurious interiors the well-known brunch hub is the perfect place down Sukhumvit to enjoy a steaming hot cup. Famed for its savoury dishes as well its stunning desserts the high ceilings and large dining spaces makes Roast Café the ideal place to enjoy a long lunch with friends.
Resembling a toy store with its teddy bear laden interiors Mr Jones' Orphanage is a one of a kind café in the Thai capital. Decorated with classic furnishings and elegant interiors the venue is perfect for a girl's day out. Desserts and coffee are the main features on the menu which is often a secondary factor overshadowed by the café's ambience and style.
Another hit with local and expat coffee lovers the Ink and Lion Café is perhaps best known for its bite size cakes provided by Size S Bakery and their unique blends of coffee.


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Sustainable business.
Sustainable investing.
A Milla Minute
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October 1, 2019
The Role of CDP Disclosure to Improve Access to Capital
Do climate-related disclosures lead to better financial performance, or are they merely a symbolic measure to improve public reputation, without materially affecting the firm's performance? Are capital allocation decisions affected by climate-related disclosures? Does disclosing climate-related information create value and does it justify the costs? If so, where should firms disclose climate-related information given the proliferation of rules, guidelines and standards on sustainability?
To help answer some of these complex questions, this research note examines one dimension in which climate-related disclosures could affect firm performance: access to capital.


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Mac's Pit Barbecue - Rockport
Located in Rockport's Heritage District. Casual atmosphere.
Located In Surrounding Areas
Road trip anyone? Rockport, Kingsville and Alice are just a short drive away from the Corpus Christi area and offer visitors great food, fun and history galore. From a shrimping village rich in the arts to a ranch larger than the state of Rhode Island – explore our surrounding cities.


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A meeting of the Ocean Grove Homeowner Association was held on Saturday, March 23, 2019 at the Ocean Grove Camp Meeting Association Community Room, 28 Pilgrim Pathway.
The meeting was called to order at 10:05 am by Barbara Burns, President. A prayer was followed by the flag salute.
Welcome and Announcements:
Barbara welcomed Rob Lane, Neptune Township Committee
She announced that the Ocean Grove Beautification Committee is seeking volunteers; that membership renewals for the Ocean Grove Shuffleboard Committee are underway and that if membership renewals were made by May 1, 2 free guest passes would be included. Also, a reminder that for the 150th Anniversary of Ocean Grove, a free 1-year membership to the OG Homeowners Association would be given to new members who apply prior to May 31.
Treasurer's Report: financially the Association is in very good order. This year a mass mailing went out to 1,840 homes town-wide for membership renewal. The response so far has been favorable. As an aside, George is his capacity as President of the Shuffle Board Association suggested that residents consider joining.
Committee Reports:
North End–Barbara, on behalf of Joan Venezia, reported that things seem to be moving forward on the North End Development. The redevelopment agreement is being drafted, and an informal tech review was done by the HPC (copies of reports are available following the filing of an OPRA request.
At the Homeowners April Meeting, the speaker will be Vito Gadaleta, Neptune's Business Administrator, who bring us up to date on the North End project as well as other matters.
Guest Speaker: Barbara welcomed Dr. Tami Crader, Superintendent of Schools for Neptune. Following an introduction that included her personal background, Dr. Crader provided a great deal of information on what was happening in the Neptune schools. She discussed a number of initiatives and the progress that the students were making as well as goals going forward. A lively discussion with the homeowners followed.
The meeting adjourned at 11:10 am.
Respectfully submitted, Theresa Checki, Secretary for the OGHOA


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Park Run Dress In Sage
We are majorly crushing on this Park Run Dress! Make a statement with this mini length piece which also features solid colour detailing. This aline dress is a super versatile addition to your wardrobe! Slip it on for a cute day date or brunch with the girls!
- Made With 70% Cotton, 30% Linen & Love
- Fully Lined: 70% Cotton, 30% Linen
- Care For Me: Cold Hand Wash Only, Cool Iron, Do Not Soak, Do Not Tumble Dry, Wash Separately
- Length: 83cm/ 33in
- Plastic Invisible Zipper On The Center Back
- No Pockets
- No Stretch
- Casey is wearing size 8 AUS / 4 US / 8 UK / 36 EU
- Casey's height is 168cm / 5ft 6in
Product Measurements
Fabric And Care
Fast Shipping & Easy Returns
Showpo offers a flat-rate of $9.95 for all orders or free standard shipping for orders over $50.
Head over to our shipping page for more info.
If for any reason you aren't happy with your order, you can return the items for store credit.


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View up to date information on how Illinois is handling the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) from the
State of Illinois Coronavirus Response Site
We have all seen illegal dumping – fly dumping of bags of trash, old mattresses or appliances thrown down a stream bank, piles of construction debris or tires left on an empty city lot or even on private property. Illegal dumping affects the quality of life for citizens who live near the dumping locations. How can we prevent this criminal act?
The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (Illinois EPA), the Office of the Illinois Attorney General (OIAG), the Illinois Departments of Public Health (IDPH), Natural Resources (IDNR) and Commerce and Economic Opportunity (DCEO), as well as county, township and municipal enforcement authorities and elected officials are linking strategies to fight these unsightly blights on our communities that may present a threat to public health or the environment as well as a potentially negative impact on area property values.
Section 21 of the Illinois Environmental Protection Act ("Act"), 415 ILCS 5/21, prohibits the open dumping of waste. Sections 44(a) and 44(p)(1)(A) provide for the classification of illegal dumping to be either a Class A misdemeanor or a Class 4 felony. In addition, Section 47-5 of the Illinois Criminal Code provides that dumping garbage, rubbish, refuse or trash on someone else's property without their consent is a Class B misdemeanor for the first offense, a Class A misdemeanor for the second offense and a Class 4 felony for the third or subsequent offense.
Yes. Counties and municipalities may have local ordinances that expressly prohibit open dumps and unpermitted landfills. Most have ordinances that prohibit maintaining a nuisance that can apply to an accumulation of solid waste materials or tires.
All law enforcement officers are authorized and obligated to administer and enforce the provisions explained in the first response (above). That includes local police, county sheriffs, Illinois State Police and Illinois Conservation Police, state's attorneys, local zoning and code enforcement offices, county health and solid waste departments, as well as the Illinois EPA and the Office of the Illinois Attorney General.
Yes. Prevention could be the small cost of better informing citizens with public service announcements, flyers and hotline numbers versus hundreds of thousands of tax dollars to clean up a complex site with illegally dumped tires, chemicals, construction and demolition debris and general refuse.
Illegal dumps often present physical hazards with broken glass, sharp metal on discarded items, and appliances in which children may be trapped. Disposed chemicals may be toxic to a child who goes onto the site. There may be biological hazards, such as syringes or other discarded medical use items. Also, mosquitoes that carry encephalitis or West Nile Virus can breed in standing water held by discarded items. Chemicals dumped on the ground or spilled from containers can contaminate waterways or shallow groundwater, resulting in potential impacts to water sources for fish, wildlife, livestock and people.
Vigilance by local government and private citizens is needed to identify and report illegal dumping at the local level as soon as it is observed. Municipal and county law enforcement officials may then work with county state's attorney offices to investigate and prosecute offenders. Publicizing arrests and successful prosecutions help to deter others who would dump illegally. Don't tolerate illegal waste in your neighborhood; take action!
It is best to call the non-emergency number for your local law enforce- ment agency or local health department. You may also contact the city or county solid waste agency, which usually has an inspector to investigate and cite violations of illegal dumping. Acting quickly stops a small problem from becoming a large, costly, and sometimes hazardous problem.
(in addition to your city or county law enforcement and your local health department)


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Apply at https://ngcareers.com/job/2018-07/customer-support-executive-at-suregifts-nigeria-176/
Customer Support Executive at SureGifts Nigeria
SureGifts creates and sells vouchers that are used for retail products in Africa. We build an end to end system that generates, distributes and redeem vouchers. We are in partnership with dozens of merchants across Africa and we're looking to expand our network.Therefore, We are recruiting to fill the position below:Job Title: Customer Support ExecutiveLocation: LagosAbout the RoleThe Customer Support Executive, SureGifts is responsible for providing effective customer service to all internal and external customers, using excellent, in-depth knowledge of SureGifts products to meet and exceed customers' expectations.ResponsibilitiesServe as the primary point of contact on all Client specific matters.Communicate daily with clients via different channels (Telephone, Email, Web, Newsletters, Social media etc).Process Client orders/requests/enquiries in line with SureGifts policy and procedures.Collaborate with product and support teams to drive customer issues to resolution.Partner with sales team to meet and exceed customer expectations through timely and accurate feedback and resolution of requests and complaints;Follow up on all new and unresolved customer complaints/issues to ensure resolution.Provide comprehensive and insightful reporting and updates on customer service enquiries, requests and complaints;Contact current and prospective customers to sell and explain products and solicit for new business.Maintain relationships with service providers e.g DHL or other service providers to ensure client orders are within SLA;Proactively identify and lead customer support process improvements.Serve as the voice of the customer to prioritize for platform improvements;Monitor and track customer satisfaction through regular check-ins or surveysProvide administrative assistance and support


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Are you currently searching for those Natural Vitamins? There are plenty of Vitamins available, how can we know things to look for. Make sure when searching for any Multivitamin that you simply do seek advice from your personal doctor as many people aren't able to take certain supplements because of allergic reactions, etc. Unsure things to look for? Listed here are a couple of factors to consider when selecting you Vitamins.
1.Synthetic or natural?
First you have to make certain to select Vitamins that aren't chemically processed. You have to find Vitamins that come from plants along with other natural sources. You will need to have maximum retention from the natural products getting used. You will need to search for Vitamins without any additives inside them, for example artificial colours, sweeteners or preservatives.
The main reason you would like Vitamins produced from natural sources, happens because your body is missing a lot of Nutrients, because of the pollutants, etc within our Air, Water and soil. Therefore if we go ahead and take natural Vitamins, you're giving to the body what's been obtained from it because of these worsening issues.
2.Reason's to consider Multivitamins
A great multivitamin may be the first step toward proper health insurance and diet. We have to hand back to the physiques, what's being obtained from them. Vitamins regulate our metabolic process, the slower your metabolic process greater it's to shed weight and obtain the body to the form it ought to be in.
Except for ascorbic acid, all the water-soluble vitamins assist enzymes that function in energy transfer or perhaps in the metabolic process of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Quite simply, it will likely be hard for the body to interrupt lower these nutrients into energy we are able to use without vitamins.
3.So why do we want Multivitamins?
Everybody critically needs vitamins to operate, grow, and develop correctly, causing them to be very important on the everyday basis. Even if you're certainly one of individuals people who watches there calorie consumption, fats, carbs, excersise, etc. Unless of course you're adding individuals Vitamins you won't obtain the results you're searching for.
We need to watch all individuals things pointed out however, you must add some vitamins for that full effect. If we don't possess the vitamins, the body can't break another things lower in to the proper energy needed for your system.
By using the guidelines pointed out you will be able to find the correct Vitamins on your own. Always make certain to check on having a physician when considering kind of medication, vitamin, etc. You need to do want Natural Vitamins over synthetic, because when these vitamins are created there's less preservatives in they and them possess the Natural Products you'll need, while the synthetic vitamins have all sorts of preservatives, dye, etc. And that's not what our physiques need. The greater the vitamin the greater you'll feel and surprisingly you are able to have the distinction between these 2 kinds of Vitamins.


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Corporation for National and Community Service (CNCS)
Grants to USA nonprofit organizations, government agencies, tribes, and IHEs to support volunteer staff members carrying out a broad range of community services. State applicants must contact state commissions prior to applying, and applicants from South Dakota must contact the Funding Source. Grants are intended to engage AmeriCorps members in evidence-based or evidence-informed interventions to strengthen communities.
An AmeriCorps member is an individual who engages in community service through an approved national service position. Members may receive a living allowance and other benefits while serving. Upon successful completion of their service, members earn a Segal AmeriCorps Education Award from the National Service Trust that members can use to pay for higher education expenses or apply to qualified student loans.
CNCS seeks to prioritize the investment of national service resources in:
To receive priority consideration, applicants must show that the priority area is a significant part of the program focus and intended outcomes, and must include a high-quality program design. Proposing programs that receive priority consideration does not guarantee funding.
All applications must include at least one aligned performance measure (output and outcome) that corresponds to the proposed primary intervention. This may be a National Performance Measure or an applicant-determined measure. Additional performance measures, including output-only National Performance Measures, may also be included if desired; however, all performance measures must be consistent with the program's Theory of Change and represent significant program activities.
GrantWatch ID#: 148449
Award amounts will vary, as determined by the scope of the projects.
CNCS anticipates making three-year grants. CNCS generally makes an initial award for the first year of operation, based on a one-year project period. Continuation awards for subsequent years are not guaranteed; they depend upon availability of appropriations and satisfactory performance.
The project start date may not occur prior to the date CNCS awards the grant. AmeriCorps members may not enroll prior to the start date of the award. AmeriCorps members may not begin service prior to the beginning of the member enrollment period as designated in the grant award. A program may not certify any hours a member performs prior to the beginning of the member enrollment period.
Before starting your grant application, please review the funding source's website listed below for updates/changes/addendums/conferences/LOIs.
Apply online: https://egrants.cns.gov/espan/main/login.jsp
Potential applicant from South Dakota should contact email@example.com for additional guidance.
If you are having technical difficulties with creating an account or preparing or submitting the application in eGrants, please contact the National Service Hotline at (800) 942-2677 or via Questions: https://questions.nationalservice.gov/app/ask_eg.
Corporation for National and Community Service
ATTN: Office of Grants Policy and Operations/AmeriCorps Application
250 E Street, SW, Suite 300
Washington, DC 20525
Phone: (202) 606-7508
USA: Alabama; Alaska; Arizona; Arkansas; California; Colorado; Connecticut; Delaware; Florida; Georgia; Hawaii; Idaho; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Kansas; Kentucky; Louisiana; Maine; Maryland; Massachusetts; Michigan; Minnesota; Mississippi; Missouri; Montana; Nebraska; Nevada; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New Mexico; New York City; New York; North Carolina; North Dakota; Ohio; Oklahoma; Oregon; Pennsylvania; Rhode Island; South Carolina; South Dakota; Tennessee; Texas; Utah; Vermont; Virginia; Washington, DC; Washington; West Virginia; Wisconsin; Wyoming
Fundraising opportunity for USA, Canada, and International nonprofit organizations to host a jazz concert held in honor of their organization or cause. Applicants must contact the funding source prior to applying. In addition to funds raised through concert ticket sales
Grants to USA nonprofit organizations to reduce social inequality and promote solutions to the climate crisis. Eligible programs will address the areas of racial and economic justice, corporate and political accountability; voice, creativity, and culture; and an inclusi
Grants to Alaska nonprofit organizations, schools, colleges, cultural centers, museums, and tribal organizations for educational opportunities in eligible regions. Funding is intended to provide access to high-quality education for native adults and children who are ori
Grants of up to $6,000 to Alaska nonprofit organizations, schools, colleges, tribal organizations, and individuals to promote the culture of Native Alaskans in eligible regions. Funding is intended to support projects that further the traditions of these peoples, preser
Grants of up to $3,000 to USA and Canada nonprofit organizations for projects to protect wildlife and natural habitats. Funding is intended for campaigns to save specific species and ecosystems. Eligible activities include public policy work, litigation, advocacy, and d
Grants to USA and Canada individuals and families with low-income for financial assistance. Types of assistance include financial support to offset emergency expenses or to cover the cost of regular monthly bills. Funding is intended for workers and households that are
Grants of $25,000 to USA nonprofit organizations, government entities, educational institutions, and volunteer fire companies for community benefit projects. Funding is intended to support a wide range of impactful and sustainable initiatives that meet community needs.
Grants to USA, Mexico, and Haiti nonprofits, for-profit organizations, and government entities for programs and services that improve the quality of life for underserved children. Focus areas include working families, equitable communities, and thriving children. The Fu
Donations to USA nonprofit organizations for programming support for arts, pre-K-12 education, and literacy programs across the country. In addition, sponsorship opportunities are provided to USA for-profit and nonprofit organizations focusing on literacy, the arts, a
Grants to USA nonprofits for activities that positively impact people around the world and their communities. Support is primarily given to programs in the areas of architecture and the arts, education, addressing the needs of underserved communities, and scientific res


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Outward delivers an immersive RPG experience coupled with survival gameplay, offering a deeply-rewarding challenge for the most avid gamers.
As an ordinary adventurer, you'll not only have to hide or defend yourself against threatening creatures, but also brave the hazardous environmental conditions, protect yourself against infectious diseases, make sure you get enough sleep, and stay hydrated. Embark on perilous expeditions across untamed lands to reach new cities, undertake varied missions and discover hidden dungeons crawling with formidable enemies.
In order to survive in the dazzling yet deadly world of Aurai, you'll have to be cunning, clever and prepared. Devise diverse strategies to defeat your foes and don't neglect your basic needs, sharing your journey with a friend, locally or online.
- Survive in the wilds as you explore the land
- Play solo or cooperatively, split screen locally or online
- Ritualistic, step-by-step approach to spellcasting
- Constant auto-saving means you must live with your decisions
- Encounter dynamic defeat scenarios
- A unique experience with every playthrough
OS: Windows 7 (64 Bit) / 8 (64 Bit) / 10 (64 Bit)
Processor: Intel Core i5-750 or equivalent
Memory: 4 GB RAM
Graphics: Nvidia GTS 450 or equivalent
Storage: 15 GB available space
OS: Windows 7 (64 Bit) / 8 (64 Bit) / 10 (64 Bit)
Processor: Intel Core i5-2400 or equivalent
Memory: 8 GB RAM
Graphics: Nvidia GTX 960 or equivalent
Storage: 15 GB available space
40-50 hours
March 26, 2019
PC (reviewed), PS4, Xbox One
Developer: Nine Dots Studio
Publisher: Deep Silver
Platforms: PC, PlayStation 4, Xbox One
Genre: RPG
Rating: M (Mature)
Price: $39.99
Outward is an independently developed role-playing game from Nine Dots studio where you play, not as the typical hero character, but as a downbeat commoner struggling to survive in the harsh environment around you. Featuring some elements of survival games, the challenging yet rewarding gameplay creates a game experience that is unique enough to stand out from the crowd in a way that I've never seen before. By breaking away from standard fantasy RPG tropes, Outward is able to forge its own identity amongst its RPG brethren.
Content Guide
Spiritual Content: Magic spells and demonic creatures are plentiful here. One of the spells you can unlock is similar to a pentagram.
Violence: Combat is a big part of this game so expect to see a lot of blood splatters and gruesome kill animations. Characters can be burned alive with a fire spell or mauled to death by hyenas and other monsters.
Sexual Content: Both male and female characters can run around half naked wearing nothing but undergarments. Some of the female outfits can be a bit too revealing.
Positive Content: One of the factions you can join is the Holy Mission of Elatt. This group is focused mainly on helping those around you, and their guiding principles are very similar to Christian worldviews. A big theme of Outward is the idea of carving your own path and finding your own destiny.
Let me get this one thing out of the way first: Outward is a HARD game, often brutally difficult at times. This game will not hold your hand at all, and some mechanics are unexplained in the game's quite lengthy tutorial sequence. Outward is not a game for everyone; it's not going for mass-market appeal, and that's okay. Outward knows exactly what kind of game that it wants to be, and it excels at it in most ways.
In Outward, you don't play as the typical "chosen hero" character that you see in so many other RPGs. No, you're just some random guy. The game starts you off after a shipwreck leaves your character with nothing but the clothes on your back and you're left to fend for yourself. You start off at the bottom, having to pay a blood debt within five in-game days to keep your house in the town of Cierzo. From there, you are free to join one of three different factions, each offering their own quests which add to the replay value. Most of the early quests are a lot of fetch quests and the like which isn't helped by the game's poor map system. Remember back in the days of Morrowind when quest givers didn't mark things on your map and they just gave you general directions on where to go? Outward uses a very similar method to what Morrowind had. While this may have been impressive back then, I would've liked some of the more modern conveniences available as an option, like being able to add waypoints and map markers to help with exploration.
Melee combat feels pretty basic here. You have your usual weapon types that are in a lot of fantasy games: swords, battleaxes, maces, bows and other armaments. Most of the combat scenarios end up with your character circling around the enemy and hitting it until it or your character falls over and dies. Combat feels serviceable at best, but it doesn't do anything really interesting which led me to mostly just avoiding combat encounters altogether. And when your character does die, a random event can occur like getting help from a stranger or being imprisoned by bandits. One time when I died, I woke up in a dark cave and a demon offered me a possession spell. Since there is no manual save option, consequences from failing led to intriguing outcomes that kept me coming back for more just to see what would happen to my hapless adventurer next. And if you're playing in cooperative multiplayer through split-screen or online, there's even more chaotic fun with your adventuring friends.
What's really interesting is how Outward handles its magic system. In most games, you would just press a button and instantly fire lasers out of your character's hands. In Outward, magic requires preparation and resources to effectively defeat your enemies. For example, in order to unlock magic, you will need to sacrifice a portion of your health and stamina meters. And a simple Spark spell isn't going to do much damage unless you first lay down a Fire Sigil. Magic creates this interesting risk vs. reward gameplay that is immensely satisfying if you can manage to pull it off.
On top of all these RPG mechanics, Outward also adds some elements from survival games. Maintaining hunger, thirst, and fatigue meters by eating, drinking, and resting are a must if you want to survive the harsh landscapes. Food can quickly go rotten if left untouched for long enough and your character can contract diseases. And you'll need to pack either cold or warm weather clothes if you venture into the snowy plains of Chersonese or the vast Abrassar Desert. These survival mechanics added some much needed depth to the gameplay loop and they never felt forced or tacked-on.
Production value overall is quite impressive for an indie game here, with a few low poly textures and character models holding it back from being truly great. Character progression is tied to finding better weapons and armor rather than focusing on statistical improvements. The soundtrack is great as well, reminiscent of Jeremy Soule's work on the Elder Scrolls series. Coming from a small indie studio, I'm impressed at how ambitious Outward truly is.
Overall, I've enjoyed my time with Outward. I think there's some really good ideas here that could be improved upon in a future update. I would like to go back and try a different playstyle than what I went with before. The magic system and random death encounters are unique enough to warrant at least another look. I'm really impressed by what Nine Dot Studios has managed to do here with Outward and I look forward to whatever project they bring us next. Maybe an Outward 2, perhaps?
Review code generously provided by Homerun PR.
[amazon template=iframe image&asin=B07GW3PL92] [amazon template=iframe image&asin=B07HYKQ878]
+ Challenging gameplay that doesn't hold your hand
+ Unique magic system
+ Random events upon death
+ Cooperative multiplayer online or splitscreen
+ Varied beautiful environments
+ Great soundtrack
- Confusing map system
- Bland quests
- Boring melee combat
Review: Carrion
Review: Tangle Tower (PC)
Preview Redux: Marvel's Avengers
February 7, 2020 at 1:14 pm
I liked your review Luke.


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Zen Pure and Zen Pure gold foil reserve edition available in the drop down menu!
Quoted from The Conjuring Arts Research Center;
New Zen Pure decks from Expert Playing Card Co.!
We pared down the original Zen deck to its essential elements and are proud to introduce a striking, modern version. Zen Pure features the Zen logo and an elegant white border design...and nothing else. We like the look and think you will too!
These come in a standard design tuck case, which features red foil accents but is otherwise very minimal, to correspond with the card design.
The cards are printed using The Expert Playing Card Co.'s Master Finish and handle on par or better than any deck available today! We couldn't be more proud with The Expert Playing Card Co.'s progress in this regard.
Look out for the Limited Gold edition (featuring gold foil on the back of the cards!) and our special offers on a dozen decks with great bonuses!


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We are told, that our kids with exceptionalities don't fit . Don't fit at school, don't fit in the classroom, don't fit on the playground, don't fit with other kids who they call friends, don't fit!
What if there was a program where your kids with exceptionalities always fit? What if this program understood that your kids are actually exceptional kids!
At ThriveKids, we have created a program where all kids fit!! Our goal is to give kids the tools they need to independently manage their bodies from head to toe. And we do this in a fun engaging and amazing educational, format that all kids and your family will enjoy. And…you don't have to run all over the city for different programs because all of your kids can come!
Don't let anyone tell you that your kid is not exceptional! At ThriveKids we are one program for all exceptional kids, with and without exceptionalities!! ThriveKids.ca


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Green Bay, Wis. – Aurora BayCare Medical Center is the only Green Bay hospital named Top Performer on Key Quality Measures® by The Joint Commission, the leading accreditor of health care organizations in America.
Aurora BayCare was recognized by The Joint Commission for exemplary performance in using evidence-based clinical processes that are shown to improve care for certain conditions. The clinical processes focus on care for heart attack, pneumonia, surgery, children's asthma, stroke and venous thromboembolism, as well as inpatient psychiatric services. New this year is a category for immunization for pneumonia and influenza.
"Safe and effective care are our top patient and caregiver priorities at Aurora BayCare," said Dan Meyer, Aurora BayCare President. "That's why Aurora BayCare has made a commitment to participate in objective outcome-driven national measures such as the 'Key Quality Measures' comparison database offered by The Joint Commission."
Aurora BayCare is one of 1,099 hospitals in the U.S. earning the distinction of Top Performer on Key Quality Measures for attaining and sustaining excellence in accountability measure performance. Aurora BayCare was recognized for its achievement on the following measure sets: heart attack, pneumonia and surgical care.
The ratings are based on an aggregation of accountability measure data reported to The Joint Commission during the 2012 calendar year. The list of Top Performer organizations increased by 77 percent from last year and it represents 33 percent of all Joint Commission-accredited hospitals reporting accountability measure performance data for 2012.
Aurora BayCare and each of the hospitals that were named as a Top Performer on Key Quality Measures must: 1) achieve cumulative performance of 95 percent or above across all reported accountability measures; 2) achieve performance of 95 percent or above on each and every reported accountability measure where there are at least 30 denominator cases; and 3) have at least one core measure set that has a composite rate of 95 percent or above, and within that measure set all applicable individual accountability measures have a performance rate of 95 percent or above.
A 95 percent score means a hospital provided an evidence-based practice 95 times out of 100 opportunities. Each accountability measure represents an evidence-based practice – examples include giving aspirin at arrival for heart attack patients, giving antibiotics one hour before surgery or providing a home management plan of care for children with asthma.
Aurora BayCare Medical Center is a 167-bed, full-service tertiary care hospital located at 2845 Greenbrier Road on Green Bay's east side. It opened in September 2001 as a joint venture of Aurora Health Care and BayCare Clinic. Aurora BayCare is committed to creating a better way to provide high quality tertiary healthcare, the latest in medical technology and superior service.
Aurora Health Care is a not-for-profit Wisconsin health care provider and a nationally recognized leader in efforts to improve the quality of health care. Aurora offers services at sites in more than 90 communities throughout eastern Wisconsin and northern Illinois.
BayCare Clinic is the largest physician-owned specialty-care clinic in Northeast Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. It is comprised of over 100 specialty physicians with expertise in more than 20 specialties. BayCare Clinic physicians have served patients in Green Bay and the surrounding region for more than 30 years.
# # #
Kristin Rabas
(920) 288.3638
Public Relations Guidelines and Procedures
The public relations team at Aurora Health Care operates under the following guidelines and procedures:
To arrange interviews, press should call public relations. A member of our team can help access a specialist. If the person a reporter requests is not available, we may be able to provide an alternative source.
Protecting the privacy of patients and families is our responsibility; it's also the law. Please do not come to our sites unannounced. Rather, contact public relations and we will find experts for interviews and connect you. We'll also make an effort to contact patients upon your request to ascertain their interest in being interviewed.
Ensuring patient confidentiality and privacy, and exhibiting sensitivity to all of the patients, families and employees at Aurora Health Care is of vital concern. Therefore, reporters, film crews and photographers must always be accompanied by a public relations team member while on any of the campuses.
To be photographed or videotaped at Aurora Health Care, patients or their legal guardians must sign a consent form. A member of our public relations team can arrange this.
Because of the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) patients over 18 or their legal guardian must complete a release form before anyone who works at Aurora Health Care can release confidential information about a patient. A member of our public relations team can arrange consent
Reporters inquiring about a patient's condition should contact a member of our public relations team, with the individual's full name.


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CASSOA Congratulates Uganda CAA on 25th Anniversaryea_admin
The Civil Aviation Authority of Uganda, CAA (U), marked its 25th Anniversary with all the magnitude it deserved on the 8th December, 2016. The CAA (U) was actually established by an Act of Parliament in October 1991, however, management planned to bring the silver jubilee anniversary celebrations closer to those of the International Civil Aviation Day – 7th December, 2016.
During the dinner hosted by CAA (U) in celebration of the silver jubilee, the Managing Director and CEO of CAA (U) gave an abridged overview of the achievements of the Authority during the span of 25 years of its existence. During the same occasion, a Uganda Tourism promotional film was launched.
The celebrations were graced by the Minister of Works and Transport, Hon. Monica Azuba Ntege, and the Minister of Tourism, Hon. Ephraim Kamuntu, among the other invited dignitaries and stakeholders. CASSOA was represented during these celebrations.
CASSOA congratulates the Board, management and staff of CAA (U) on their 25th Anniversary.
December 2016


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Klaire Lace Dress | Black
$10.00 $79.95
Feminine, flirty and fabulous .... three words to describe the gorgeous Klaire Lace Dress.
With it's on trend cold shoulder silhouette, the Klaire Dress features floral lace trim and adjustable spaghetti shoulder straps making it the perfect combination of elegant yet sassy for your next night on the town.
Fit: rue to size.
Fabrication: Main; Cotton / Elastane Trim; Polyester


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Mini Harness Kit for Classic back, is built with highly resistant fiberglass. It is accompanied by 90 cm of super resistant tape, this tape also has the characteristic of not causing friction on the skin of our birds.
Recommended for birds of less than 400 grams.
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On Tuesday October 21st 2014 took place in Rome the presentation of the results of the evaluation of the Kublai project carried out by Open Evidence within the scope of the event "Kublai – Punto a capo: Valutazione e prospettive di un'esperienza pilota di innovazione sociale". The aim of the event was to start from the results of the evaluation with the aim of discussion the future developments of the project.
Kublai is a collaborative environment for the development of ideas and projects, created in 2008, which main objective is helping to turn good ideas into projects having an impact on the development of a territory. It seeks to create collaborative relationships among the promoters of the most innovative and stimulating and provides assistance on the design through a team of experts. This study focuses on the assessment to which extent the objectives of the Kublai project have been reached, as well as needs of the community for the services provided by the project itself by the means of the impact evaluation framework developed thereof.
The event has been organised by UVAL (Unità di valutazione degli investimenti pubblici – Unit for the Evaluation of Public Investments) of the Department for Development and Economic Cohesion (DPS) of the Italian Ministry of Economic Development.
The speakers at the event were: Tito Bianchi e Paola Casavola (UVAL – DPS), David Osimo and Francesco Mureddu (Open Evidence), Carlo Borgomeo (Fondazione con il Sud), Lina D'Amato (Invitalia), Alessandro Messina (Federcasse), Francesco Profumo (Gruppo IREN), Carlo Mango (Fondazione CARIPLO).
During the event have been presented also two video contributions by Simon Ulvund and Ana Garcia, members of the Advisory Group.


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Please take a moment to review Hachette Book Group's updated Privacy Policy: read the updated policy here.
The Crowded Street
This is the story of Muriel Hammond, at twenty living within the suffocating confines of Edwardian middle-class society in Marshington, a Yorkshire village. A career is forbidden to her. Pretty, but not pretty enough, she fails to achieve the one thing required of her – to find a suitable husband. Then comes the First World War, a watershed which tragically revolutionises the lives of her generation. But for Muriel it offers work, friendship, freedom, and one last chance to find a special kind of happiness…Read More


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Dentists & Orthodontists
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Dr. Udo Schuette – Dentist
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Dr. Andrew Hauser – Oral Surgery
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There are two main ways to market your websites in the search engines; though PPC (pay per click) ads or through SEO (search engine optimization). While PPC and SEO are completely different, if done properly, they both achieve the same result. The result is that people come to your website and see what you have to offer. It doesn't matter if you're selling something, you're an affiliate marketer or you just want traffic to your blog; all websites need traffic in order to be successful.
Why is it then that some Internet marketers don't believe that SEO is marketing? If a website owner is using PPC to drive traffic to their website, no one will question that running PPC ads is a form of marketing. Why then do people question whether getting a website in the top of the search engine results naturally through SEO is marketing or not? Let's take a look at 6 possible reasons for this.
1. SEO Isn't Instant
The number one reason why SEO isn't considered marketing is because there's no instant pay off. With PPC marketing or other forms of online marketing, you can get pretty quick results soon after you start the process. Unfortunately, search engine optimization is a process that takes time and time isn't something that people have a lot of.
Another issue about the fact that SEO isn't instant is money. If a new company is on a small budget, they're not going to have a ton of money to invest in SEO. This doesn't necessarily mean that the company or marketing department believes that SEO isn't a form of marketing, but sometimes it's not an option regardless of how people feel about it.
2. There's No "Ad"
When a marketer uses a PPC ad, Facebook ad, banner ad or even a print ad, there's physical proof of an advertisement. With SEO, the only physical proof is the search result, which at the beginning of the SEO process, may be several dozen pages back in the search results. Sometimes the physical ad is needed for a marketer to feel like they're actually marketing.
3. Intensive Work
As we've mentioned before, there's nothing instant or quick about SEO and on top of that, it does take a lot of work. This goes against the grain of the quick and powerful solutions that most Internet marketers either preach or claim that they can accomplish these days.
4. Tracking
With SEO, you will have what seems like a million statistics. Marketers don't want to spend the majority of their time looking over numbers and trying to figure out what they all mean. Marketers once again want results to be quick and simple. Spending days going over traffic statistics, keywords and what content people read the most isn't a walk in the park.
5. Bragging
There are what seems like millions of marketers shouting to the world how much they know and how awesome they are at marketing. You don't often hear millions of people say that they're great at SEO. Does this mean that SEO isn't marketing? No, it means that SEO is more challenging and it's more time consuming and therefore, the bragging rights aren't the same. And by the way, if you hear someone say that they can get your website to the first position in Google for your keywords in 24 hours…you might want to question that statement.
6. You Can't Teach It In A One Hour Seminar
This isn't meant to be a dig at online marketers, it's the simple truth. We love marketing just as much as any other company, but SEO is an ongoing process that a person can't learn in an hour. Sure, there are plenty of SEO seminars and conferences but they're not meant to be used for other people to learn how to optimize a website in an hour or less.
SEO is online marketing; it's simply a different form of online marketing. For some companies, PPC marketing words better but for others, SEO is the better choice. It really depends on your specific situation, your time and your budget.


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Whether it's a business trip or a leisure flight with the family having an idea of the cost before hand can help you plan your flight.
Here you can view typical private jet travel costs from Manchester to cities and countries around the globe to help you plan your next trip.
More info https://bit.ly/2WKkO0Q
Source: falconaprivatejets