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Lorenzo Salvadori
Experienced Audio Designer
Notable games Lorenzo has been involved with: DiRT Rally 2.0, MotoGP franchise, Ride, Sebastian Loeb Rally Evo
Brad: What was the education system like in Italy when you were growing up?
Lorenzo: It's very theoretical and not very practical. We had "elementary school" from 6 to 10, "medium school" from 11 to 13, and "superior school" from 14 to 18. You get homework throughout the year on which you are graded, plus class tests every month or so for each subject, plus individual interrogation in front of the other classmates. The results of class tests and interrogations are the most important ones, as they will decide the final grade in that subject. At the end of each cycle you get a big exam about all subjects and you get a final grade. Some Universities will not accept you if your grades aren't high enough.
Brad: What subjects were part of the curriculum? Were there any audio / music related subjects?
Lorenzo: We have general subjects like Italian, History, Geography, Science, English, Math and PE throughout all the schools (except Uni), and we only add subjects like art and music in "medium school". During the "superior school" years subjects like physics, chemistry, or things related to your course of study are added. Mine was Chartered Surveyor, so I had subjects like Topography and Technical Drawing and so on.
Brad: What sort of student were you at school?
Lorenzo: I have always been a very curious and lively child, and I always asked a lot of questions in class. I generally had good grades in things I was interested in like math, physics, chemistry, science, music, English, and I was doing ok in everything else.
I never really needed to study too hard until I went to Uni. In fact, I hardly did any homework. Most times I was doing it in class the hour before the lecture began. But in Uni it wasn't enough, especially because I chose quite a challenging subject: Astronomy.
My approach to study was very different than most of my classmates. Because I wasn't good at memorising I had to understand things thoroughly to remember them. I almost never remembered a demonstration to a theorem or a law. I generally remembered what the premise was, what the theorem trying to address, why and what were the implications on what I already knew, and from there I just used the math I knew to get to the result I needed to demonstrate. It would take me a lot more time, but at least I was sure I understood what I was doing and the implications that it had. In the end it worked out well because I graduated with a first class.
Brad: When did you first get into sound design and music composition?
Lorenzo: When I was a kid I picked up my dad's guitar and fell in love with the instrument. At first it was all about the music, and I would spend countless hours in front of a tape machine trying to learn songs and solos. Enter the almighty Yamaha FX500: ta-da! With compression, distortion, eq, delay, reverb, flanger, phaser, tremolo, and many other things I started experimenting with sound, twisting a resonance into the gusts of wind, harmonics into drops in a cave, muted taps in footsteps and a reasonably sustained note into a dragon's roar.
In the meantime I kept studying music, and wrote my own songs, eventually recording songs with my bands and getting into the engineering side of things. I started learning about microphones and how to place them, what comps and eq do in a mix and how to use them, and I started recording other bands. Then while at Uni I got into music composition, and I thought it would be nice to be a composer. So I started writing music to picture, but I soon realised that there's a plethora of sounds that go unnoticed in a movie. Moreover, all of the different sonic elements must work together in harmony to make things believable and engaging. So I got into Foley, dialogue editing, and sfx creation.
Brad: Studying for a degree is now commonplace for a career in the games industry. You've thrown a bit of a curve ball as you do have a degree but it isn't in audio. Can you talk a bit about what you studied?
Lorenzo: I picked a B.Sc. in Astronomy, so I had subjects like Analysis 1, 2 and 3, Physics, Thermodynamics, Electromagnetism, Optics, Quantum Mechanics, Relativity, Cosmology, Astrophysics and so on. For every subject you attend lectures for three months and you get tested twice, once mid-course and once at the end. Once you pass the written tests you have an interrogation and you earn a mark from 0 to 30, where 30 is the best and 18 is the minimum to not have to repeat the exam. Once you do all the exams your marks are averaged, and you get extra points for your thesis. Mine was about Substructures in Dark Matter Halos.
In the end it's all very theoretical and I think it doesn't work as well as the British school system.
Brad: How did you end up going from a degree in Astronomy to working in the games industry? It's a bit of a different choice of careers!
Lorenzo: After graduation I was fed up with the elitism and general attitude of academia and so I spent all the money I received on a good audio interface and a copy of Pro Tools, determined to make a living out of this. In 2012 I moved to London while starting to think about the possibility of making an interactive soundscape, rather than a linear one. A few months later I attended AdventureX (a small conference about adventure games) and I met Jade Leamcharaskul (game music composer, multi-talented persona and friend). I will forever be thankful to her as she made me realise that what I was looking for was in fact under my nose all the time: videogames!
Growing up I played hours of racing and RPG games, but it hadn't dawned on me that this was in fact a possible career. From that moment on I started learning FMOD and Wwise, enrolled in a course where I was taught Unity, and did a fair bit in order to improve my knowledge of codes (C, C++, C#, JS, Lua, Python) and engines (UE4). October 2014, Milan Games week: I was at the event and the guys from Milestone were giving a talk about Ride (the GT of motorbikes), so I asked how they would go about making the engine sounds. They told me to hand in a CV, and it all went on from there.
Brad: What was the process like for getting your first job and how did the interview process go?
Lorenzo: The milestone interview process was quite hard, as I didn't know much about cars. I played racing games in the past, and I prepared for the interview trying to figure out how to create engine sounds. I even recorded my own car and implemented it in two ways using Wwise, to show them that I could do it. Then questions about superchargers and turbochargers started to roll in and I had no idea. Fortunately those were things that I could then learn on the job. The last thing they did was a 20 minutes test where I would list all the sounds that are in a racing game and what parameters would I need to drive them. I think it was a brilliant question and honestly a good exercise to analyse any sort of game one is interested in.
Brad: What experience did you gain while at Milestone?
Lorenzo: I worked on many games as there were different teams focusing on different franchises, namely MotoGP '15 through '17, Ride, Ride Ducati 90th anniversary (when we started a new pipeline for audio), Ride 2, MXGP2, MXGP3, Sebastien Loeb Rally Evo (like WRC, but based on the life of the 9 times world champion), and Gravel (although I wasn't there when it was released). I'm very proud of what we achieved at Milestone introducing improvements game by game and slowly making them better. It's been a nice journey alongside many talented and passionate people that will do very well in the years to come.
Brad: You were naturally a good fit for Codemasters then. How did you end up working here?
Lorenzo: After Milestone I briefly moved to Lyon to work at Ivory Tower (a Ubisoft studio), making vehicles sounds for The Crew 2 and trying to help as much as I could with technical assessments about console performances and how to optimise it. I met many good people there and I am still in touch with some of them.
When my work on The Crew 2 was done I had the opportunity to come and work at Codemasters, and here I am, almost one year in, working on Dirt Rally 2.0, with some incredibly experienced people from which I learn a lot every day.
Brad: While driving home from work one night you look up at the night sky and see a light coming towards you. You see a flash of light and pass out. You wake up aboard a craft and notice a collection of games these creatures have collected to analyse our society. Quickly you grab some games and a soundtrack before passing out again. You wake several hours later in the middle of nowhere and find a log cabin. What games did you bring with you?
1) Duck Tales 1 (NES)
These were very fun and surprisingly challenging games I used to play with my father when I was 6/8 years old. Also, gotta love Duck Tales!
2) Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec (PS2)
It came with my PS2 and I spent countless hours getting gold in all licences and filling my garage with every possible car. And yes, a lot of Suzuki Escudo on the ovals. This game was traded with a friend for…
3) Final Fantasy VII (PS1)
This is a game, or more precisely a saga, that I enjoyed playing with my best friend. Maxed all our characters to lv.99 (except Aerith, so sad to see her go…) with a great story and an incredible soundtrack. I loved them all from FFI to FFX.
4) Machinarium (PC)
It was one of those games that blew me away. I am a big fan of puzzle games and point & click games, but the art and the music on this one was just something else. Honestly everything from Amanita Design is just on another level.
I might be a nerd audio person, but I'm still Italian so I'd have to pick a football franchise but I can't narrow it down to a specific year as they constantly evolve and improve. Plus the commentary implementation was really impressive in FIFA. And the crowd excitement states depending on how the match is going, home/away matches, etc, was also ground breaking for me at the time. PES comes a close second.
Soundtrack – Child of Light
I loved this game so much, but the soundtrack was just something else. Best soundtrack in a game by far for me. I listened to it so many times and I can never get tired of it. It is delicate but powerful at the same time, fitting perfectly the theme of the game. Brilliant use of leit-motifs, orchestration is top notch, it has a wide dynamic range and it makes use of accelerandos and ritardandos that really makes it come alive. Love it.
Brad: As the aliens come back to retrieve their prized collection you manage to escape with just one game from your haul. What will it be?
Lorenzo: Machinarium!
About the choices
Duck Tales
Developer – Capcom
Platform – NES
Release – 14th December 1990
Gran Turismo 3: A-Spec
Developer – Polyphony Digital
Platform – PlayStation 2
Release – 20th July 2001
Final Fantasy VII
Developer – Square
Platform – PlayStation 1
Release – 31st January 1997
Developer – Amanita Design
Platform – PC
Release – 16th October 2009
Developer – EA
Platform – Various
Release – Various


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Dem presidential hopefuls vote against anti-BDS bill, as Van Hollen says it will 'strengthen' the peaceful BDS movement
The Senate is once again debating boycott against Israel today, in a sign that Middle East policy is politicized as never before.
The Senate voted overwhelmingly yesterday, 76 to 22, to proceed forward on S.1, a bill sponsored by Marco Rubio– and AIPAC, the leading Israel lobby group– that encourages states to adopt measures to financially punish "entities using boycotts, divestments, or sanctions to influence Israel's policies."
The anti-BDS language is an unconstitutional limitation of free speech, the ACLU has said; state laws aimed at crushing BDS have already cost employment to a number of people of good faith who are opposed to Israeli policies.
The good news is that progressive Democrats drew a line in the sand, and presidential hopefuls voted against the procedural vote. Even though no Senator has come out in support of BDS, many have acknowledged the right of their constituents to counter Israeli actions. In a long speech opposing the bill, Chris Van Hollen of Maryland said in its overreach, the bill will fuel the BDS movement because Americans will insist on their right to "peacefully" protest the Netanyahu government.

subset: commoncrawl


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This is a partly outdated version!
Elatine L. Ill.
Linnaeus, Sp. pl.: 367 (1753).
Literature. Uotila 1974.
Probably therophytes (summer-annuals). Aquatic or amphibious, glabrous herbs. Stem prostrate or erect, branched, rooting at nodes, terete, soft, with central vein and thick aerenchyma with large air canals, whitish when buried in the soil, greenish in water and often tinged with red when aerial; roots without main branches, thin, whitish to brownish, a few to numerous at a node. Leaves opposite or whorled, simple, petiolate or sessile, with small interpetiolar stipules; blade linear, oblong, elliptic, lanceolate, ovate or obovate, apex often slightly notched; margin entire to obscurely and remotely crenate because of the hydatodes at the ends of the veins; stipules caducous, membranous, entire or with some teeth or lobes.
Flowers single in leaf axils, sessile or pedicellate, tiny, cleistogamous when submerged or ± chasmogamous when aerial, 3- or 4-merous. Sepals 2-4, ± persistent, with 1 vein ending to a hydatode. Petals 3 or 4, membranous, disappearing before sepals, in submerged flowers whitish, enclosing stamens and carpels, in aerial flowers mostly pink, campanulately spreading. Stamens as many as or twice as many as petals, 3 (opposite to sepals), 6 or 8 (opposite to sepals and petals), shorter than petals; filament wider at base, narrowing upwards; anther globose. Carpels 3 or 4¸ ovary 3- or 4-celled, placentation axile, stigmas capitate. Fruit a subglobose to turnip-shaped to almost cylindrical, thin-walled, ± septifragal capsule, divided into 3 or 4 rooms, seeds more or less visible within. Seeds numerous, cylindrical, almost straight to bent or asymmetrically horseshoe-shaped, one end rounded and the other truncate; surface with reticulate pattern from 9-10 rows of transversally elongated pits.
Chromosome base number x=9. Polyploidy; tetraploids, octoploids and duodecaploids in Norden. - Small chromosomes, difficult to count, therefore few counts; reports of 2n=40 probably refer to 2n=36.
Biology. All Elatine taxa have adapted themselves well to fluctuating water level and temporary drying-out of the habitats. In all species, the size and density of populations can vary considerably between years, especially depending on the water level. The seeds appear to stay viable for many years. Elatine seeds probably spread easily with birds, and temporary occurrences are to be expected.
E. hexandra, Elatine hydropiper, E. orthosperma and E. triandra often grow 2 or 3 species together in mixed colonies, and in the vegetative state they may be difficult or sometimes even impossible to distinguish from each other, especially when growing terrestrially. From the end of July onwards they usually flower and fruit abundantly, and determination is safe if a hand-lens or binocular is used.
They are sometimes mistaken for small Callitriche palustris, Crassula aquatica, Lythrum portula, Montia arvensis or Limosella aquatica, which grow in similar habitats, but the Elatine species have opposite leaves with stipules and hydatodes, whereas the others have opposite or basal leaves without stipules and hydatodes; there are also clear differences in leaf shapes and floral and fruit characters, visible at least with a hand-lens.
Leaf measures refer to grown-up leaves; young leaves of species 2-5 have relatively shorter petioles and rounder blades. Stipules are present on young leaves. Sepals, petals and stames are thin and fragile, often difficult to study on herbarium specimens and especially in cleistogamous flowers. It seems that in cleistagamous flowers petals may also be absent.
1. Elatine alsinastrum L. Map To top
Linnaeus, Sp. pl.: 368 (1753). - Type: Linnaean Herbarium Stockholm 161.5 (S) lectotype, selected by Jonsell & Jarvis, Nordic J. Bot. 22: 82 (2002).
D Krans-Bækarve. F isovesirikko. N kransevjeblom. S kransslamkrypa.
Literature. Kurtto 1987, Schotsman 1967, 1969.
Upright amphibian herb, (2-)5-30(-40) cm (terrestrial plants 2-10 cm), green. Stem erect or ascending, mostly simple (sometimes with few, similar-sized branches in lower half, but without secondary branches), 2-7 mm thick (in terrestrial plants 0.8-1.2 mm); aerial internodes (3-)7-10 mm, submerged internodes 10-40 mm; adventitious roots numerous at lower nodes, also at nodes with submerged leaves and sometimes at the lowermost aerial nodes. Leaves in whorls, sessile, green, usually di- to trimorphic with lower (submerged) leaves, upper (aerial) leaves and some intermediate whorls (sometimes all leaves submerged; in terrestrial plants all leaves ± intermediate); stipules narrowly triangular, 1-1.5 mm, with filiform apex and few teeth. Submerged leaves in whorls of (4-)8-17, flaccid; blade linear, 10-30(-45) x 0.4-1(-1.5) mm, with 1 branchless main vein ending in a distinct brown hydatode at the retuse apex. Aerial leaves in whorls of 3, stiff, patent; blade ovate to elliptic, 7-16(-23) x 4-9(-10) mm; base slightly cordate to rounded; main veins 5-12, ± parallel, branched; the hydatode at apex distinct, the others mostly small, brownish, up to 12 along each side. Intermediate leaves in whorls of 4-8, stiff; blade 5-8 x 2-3.2 mm (in small terrestrial plants 0.7-0.4 x 2.5-0.8 mm); main veins (1-)3(-5); a distinct hydatode often only present at the leaf apex.
Flowers in axils of aerial and intermediate leaves, usually 3 at a node (but terrestrial plants have mostly only 1 flower per node), sessile or sometimes short-stalked (pedicel to 1.7 mm). Sepals 4, connate up to 1/3-1/2, all alike, triangular-ovate, 1-1.2 x 1-1.2 mm, ± green with baseward widening membranous borders; margin entire. Petals 4, broadly elliptic, 1.6 x 1.0 mm. Stamens 8. Carpels 4. Capsule subglobose, 2.2-2.8 x 3.0-4.1 mm, depressed at the apex, mostly first opening along the thinner hyaline septa. Seeds irregularly arranged, 120-160(-200), cylindrical, almost straight to slightly bent, 0.70-0.80 x 0.23-0.28 mm, pale greenish brown; pits conspicuous, 15-21 in each row, 0.02-0.03 x 0.05-0.06 mm. - Mid-summer to late summer.
Distribution. Nem--BNem. - The present Nordic area (in F) is quite isolated from the southern main area. All localities are in places completely changed by man, and the species is regarded as archaeophytic, although apparently not brought in by man but by birds. Declined during last decades, most finds old. F scattered and locally fairly frequent in a fairly sharply limited area in the southwest, from mainland V (also a few finds in the archipelago near Turku) to U Elimäki, to southern St and southern EH; one find from PH Virrat 1887, and an uncertain find from ES Taipalsaari 1934 (a pupil's specimen); after 1980 known from V (several localities), U (Helsinki, Myrskylä), St (Alastaro, Loimaa, Oripää) and EH (Nokia, Pirkkala, Somero, Tampere). N Te Kragerø 1881-1888, probably introduced with hay from Germany; a specimen from Ak Ås 1902 probably mislabelled. D Sjæ, Frederiksberg, before 1830, interpreted as indigenous, disappeared (Larsen & Pedersen 1960: 61). - Uncertain old specimens without locality known from S.
Continental Europe to Anatolia, Caucasus and western Siberia, from the Mediterranean north to Northern Germany, Denmark and Poland, with an outpost in Finland; coastal N Africa; rare everywhere and mostly declined.
Habitat. In full sun, on clay or clayey soil (seldom on mud or gravel), without competition from other plants. Often in water down to 50 cm (thriving best in 10-30 cm deep, more or less standing water), sometimes on land (on wet bare soil). Permanently or temporarily water-filled depressions in arable fields and pastures (e.g. ditches, clay-pits, pools and tracks); also recorded from roadside ditches, old fish-ponds, sheltered lake coves and brook-banks, wet paths in woodland, abandoned gravel pits, brick clay fields and stone quarries. Due to changes in the rural landscape, the frequency of suitable habitats decreased strongly in the latter half of the 20th century.
Biology. In more southern areas Elatine alsinastrum can be perennial or at least winter-annual. However, there is no evidence that it can survive winter as adult or seedling in Finland, and most or all of its habitats will be frozen during the winter.
Flowers are self-pollinated even when aerial and opened. Pollen derives from the stamens opposite to the sepals, usually the filament grows so that the anther touches the stigma. Number of flowers in a well-grown plant is high, and a great proportion of the flowers produce fruits and seeds. In a population in U Helsinki the seed production was estimated to be at least 21 000 seeds/m² (Kurtto 1987).
Seeds can germinate immediately when shed, but most seeds germinate next summer or later. In clayey soil seeds can survive in seed bank for many decades and germinate again when the soil is dug. Germination seems to need much light. Colonies vary much in size between years, and most sites remain suitable for E. alsinastrum only for a few years.
Taxonomy. Elatine alsinastrum forms a monotypic group (sect. Pitymopitys) in the genus Elatine, characterized by erect stem and whorled leaves.
Similar taxa. Submerged Elatine alsinastrum resembles submerged Hippuris vulgaris; H. vulgaris has a creeping horizontal rhizome with erect branches and its leaves have a tapering, ± acute apex, while there is no rhizome in E. alsinastrum and its stems and braches are erect to ascending, and the submerged leaves are linear, with a retuse apex.
2. Elatine hexandra (Lapierre) DC. Map To top
De Candolle, Icon. Pl. Gall. Rar.: 14 (1808). - Tillaea hexandra Lapierre, Journ. Phys. 56: 358 (1802). - Described from France.
Literature. Salisbury 1967.
D Sekshannet Bækarve. F kuusihedevesirikko. N skaftevjeblom. S skaftslamkrypa.
Aquatic plants forming 2-10(-15) cm wide green patches; terrestrial plants much smaller, often dark red or violet. Stem prostrate, with simple branches, rooted at nodes except for the apicalmost parts, which can be ascending to erect, 1-5 cm; mature internodes 1-10 x 0.5-1.0 mm; adventitious roots 2-6 at a node. Leaves opposite, (2-)2.5-11(-14) mm, patent to erectopatent, in prostrate parts horizontal to obliquely upright; petiole often very gradually widening to the blade, 1-5 mm, ratio petiole/blade length c. (0.3-)0.8-1.3(-2); blade elliptic to elliptic-oblong to obovate, (1-)2-6(-8) x (0.5-)1.0-1.5(-3) mm; base long-attenuate; apex obtuse to rounded, sometimes slightly notched; veins pinnate; the hydatode at apex usually blackish and fairly distinct, the others mostly fairly indistinct; stipules narrowly triangular to linear, to 0.8 mm, long-acuminate, with a few teeth.
Flowers single at the nodes, stalked (pedicel at fruit stage (0.5-)3-10(-14) mm). Sepals 3, connate up to 1/3, usually dimorphic (2 large ones, 1.0-2.4 x 0.7-2.0 mm, and one up to 1/3 smaller), roundish to broadly ovate, pale green (in aerial flowers usually dark green or red, apically spreading); margin entire. Petals 3, roundish, 1.2-1.5 mm. Stamens 6. Carpels 3, exceptionally 4. Capsule subglobose to globose, somewhat depressed at the apex, (1-)1.2-1.5(-1.7) x 1-1.2 mm; walls irregularly broken when opening. Seeds irregularly arranged, 15-50(-60), cylindrical, slightly bent in the apical half or at the middle, sometimes clearly narrowing at apex, 0.6-0.7 x 0.24-0.26 mm, pale brownish to blackish; pits conspicuous, 18-25 in each row, 0.02-0.03 x 0.04-0.05 mm. - Mid-summer to late summer.
Distribution. Nem-BNem. - D NJy extant at Vangså, Svankær and Torup, until 1969 also known from Råbjerg Mile and Førby Sø; VJy 8 localities along the coast, extant at least in Dalgas Plantage and Skånsø; ØJy 8 localities in the Silkeborg-Bryrup region (probably extant in one or more lakes in Grane Plantage), previously also recorded from Randbøl Hede c. 1885; SJy Hjerpsted 1887, Vedsted (2 localities) latest 1973. N along the coast in Øf, Vf (Sandefjord 1896), AA (Arendal, Risør, Tvedestrand), VA, Ro (north to Stavanger), Ho and SF; He Stange 1981, Ringsaker 1981. S common in southern Vrm, fairly rare on the west coast in BhG, Hl, Vg, in southwestern SmI (at least temporarily increased), Dls and Nrk (Kvistbro, Ölsboda, Nysund); Bl Lösen 1897, ÖG Motala 1879, Srm Gryt 1970, 1971, Vsm Arboga 1864.
Western and central Europe (north to Scotland and southwestern Norway, south to the Iberian Peninsula) and Morocco.
Habitat. On clayey, fine sand to sand or sometimes gravel bottom with some gyttja in shallow water (usually above 50 cm depth, rarely down to 3 m) or at shoreline. Oligotrophic to slightly eutrophic lakes with acid or circumneutral water, sometimes near sea in the mouths of rivers and brooks, but probably not in real brackish water. Possibly favoured by certain lake regulation regimes (Edqvist & Karlsson 2007).
Biology. When growing on wet soil Elatine hexandra usually flowers abundantly, the flowers are chasmogamous and the seed production is high. In submerged conditions the flowers are cleistogamous and have a lower seed production than the chasmogamous flowers. Seed production in late flowers is lower than in earlier ones, sometimes only a few seeds per capsule. Seeds spread with rain water, running water and on feet and feathers of birds (Salisbury1967).
Similar taxa. Elatine hexandra, especially small terrestrial plants with short-pedicellate leaves, can be difficult to distinguish from E. triandra (3), since their seeds are fairly similar and the flowers of E. hexandra may have a pedicel shorter than 0.5 mm. However, the seeds of E. hexandra are somewhat larger, more narrowing to the apex, somewhat comma-shaped (those of E. triandra are more cylindric, bent at the middle), and E. hexandra has larger sepals and more (6) stamens. In general, specimens of E. hexandra are more often correctly determined than those of the three similar species.
3. Elatine triandra Schkuhr Map To top
Schkuhr, Bot. Handb. 1: 345 (1791). - Described from Germany.
Elatine callitrichoides (Nyl.) Kauffm. (1866). - Elatine triandra var. callitrichoides Nyl. (1851).
D . F kolmihedevesirikko. N trefelt evjeblom. S tretalig slamkrypa.
Aquatic plants forming 4-15(-20) cm wide dark-green patches; terrestrial plants smaller, often red. Stem prostrate, often richly branched and with many secondary branches (sometimes only with a few simple branches), rooted at nodes and often buried in the soft bottom sediment except for the apicalmost parts, which can be ascending to erect, 1-5(-10) cm; mature internodes 5-18(-30) x 1.2-1.8 mm; adventitious roots 2-6 at a node. Leaves opposite, 6-20(-21) mm, patent, in prostrate parts of the shoot mostly horizontal on the bottom; petiole 0.5-3 mm, ratio petiole/blade length up to c. 0.25-0.5(-1); blade lanceolate-linear to narrowly lanceolate to oblong, 5-18(-20) x (1.5-)2-2.6(-3.3) mm; base rapidly widening from the petiole; apex usually distinctly notched; veins pinnate; hydatodes mostly distinct, dark brown; stipules triangular, 0.6-1.3 mm, with small teeth.
Flowers single at the nodes (or sometimes in both leaf axils), sessile or rarely very shortly stalked (pedicel at fruit stage to 0.3 mm). Sepals 2-3, slightly connate at base, dimorphic (2 uniform and 1 smaller or rudimentary); the longer ones c. 0.5 mm, elliptic, green, margin entire. Petals 3 (sometimes 0), broadly elliptic-ovate, ca. 1 x 0.7 mm. Stamens 3. Carpels 3 (rarely 2). Capsule subglobose, somewhat depressed at apex, 1.2-1.4 x 1.4-1.7 mm; walls irregularly broken when opening. Seeds irregularly arranged, (3--)35-50, cylindrical, bent near the middle, 0.5-0.6 x 0.15-0.2 mm, greenish to yellowish brown; pits conspicuous, 20-24 in each row, 0.015-0.025 x 0.035-0.045 mm. - Mid-summer to late summer.
[2n = 40]
Distribution. BNem-MBor. Alt. N He and F PeP ca. 150 m. - N fairly common in lowland areas of Ak, He and Øf; Vf Larvik 2002, Bu Drammen 1921, Lier 1945, 1959, Övre Eiker 1948, Ringerike 1933, AA Tvedestrand 1937. S common in Vrm and Nb, fairly rare in BhG, Vg, Nrk, Srm, Vsm, Upl, Dlr, Ång, Vb; Sk Ängelholm 1888, Kristianstad 1984, 1985, Ven 1811, Bl Karlskrona 1891-1937, Ronneby 1935, Nättraby 1820-1885, Lyckeby 1855-1868, Klm Vissefjärda 1926, Fliseryd 1941, Ukna 1941, 1981, SmI first record Väckelsång 1921 (recent finds from at least five areas), Hl Ås 1910, Dagsås 1989, Falkenberg 1890, 1911, Halmstad 1873, Laholm 1926-1947, Dls Åmål 1903, Frändefors 1925, Valbo-Ryr 1925, Ög Linköping 1883, Ringarum 1941, Gst Gävle 1843-1887, Kille 1877, Ockelbo, Hls, Mpd Selånger 1824-1952; in many provinces most finds are old. F common in mainland Finland from V to Kn, OP and PeP.
Widespread but rare in central Europe, France, Spain, the Balkan peninsula, central Russia; more common in Norden and the adjacent Russian Karelia. Reported also from Siberia, East Asia, N America and S Africa, but at least some of the records probably represent other taxa.
Habitat. Mostly in shallow water (to 30 cm depth, sometimes to 150 cm), seldom on wet ground above shoreline. On bare soil or among sparse taller vegetation on soft silty and oozy gyttja (less frequently on clay, sand or gravel). Mesotrophic to eutrophic lakes, rivers, ponds and somewhat brackish water. Often in man-influenced sites such as grazed shores and boat harbours. A weak competitor, declined due to loss of open habitats and heavy eutrophication of waters.
Biology. Even though there are sometimes flowers in both leaf axils at a node, usually only one flower develops fully and produces seeds. Number of seeds per capsule varies much; small late capsules may have less than 5 seeds. Chamogamous flowers seem to be less frequent than in other Elatine taxa; field studies would be needed to know whether the only reason is that Elatine triandra grows less often above water line.
Variation. Leaves vary much in size and shape. Tall plants with long internodes and long narrow, lanceolate-oblong, flaccid leaves, with apical parts of the shoot and branches not rooted but upright, and often with flowers in both leaf axils of a node, have been distinguished as E. callitrichoides. Such plants often grow in sheltered places on very soft oozy bottoms; they are modifications and do not deserve taxonomic recognition.
Similar taxa. Every now and then Elatine triandra is mixed up with other small Elatine species, but it differs from them in flowers, fruits and seeds. Even without flowers it is usually distinguishable from the other Elatine species by the shorter petiole and the usually linear-lanceolate to lanceolate blade with ± truncate apex and distinct dark hydatodes; other species have longer petiole and ovate to obovate blade with more rounded apex and often more obscure hydatodes.
In the field, E. triandra can often be spotted at a glance: most leaves of prostrate stem portions lie more or less flat on the bottom (in E. hydropiper and E. orthosperma the horizontal blades are raised on more or less erect petioles, in E. hexandra leaves are spreading from horizontal to obliquely upright).
4. Elatine hydropiper L. Map To top
Linnaeus, Sp. pl.: 367 (1753). - Type: 517.2 (LINN) lectotype, selected by Jonsell & Jarvis, Nordic J. Bot. 22: 82 (2002).
E. hydropiper var. gyrosperma Düben ex Lange (1850). - Elatine gyrosperma (Düben ex Lange) Meinsh. (1878). - E. hydropiper subsp. gyrosperma (Düben ex Lange) P. Fourn. (1936).
Elatine spathulata Gorski (1830).
D Vandpeber-Bækarve. F katkeravesirikko. N krossevjeblom. S slamkrypa.
Aquatic plants forming up to 12(-18) cm wide green patches; terrestrial plants smaller, often red. Stem mostly prostrate, usually only with simple branches, rooted at nodes and often buried in the soft bottom sediment except for the apicalmost part, which is often ascending to erect, 1-3(-5) cm; mature internodes (1-)3-15 x 0.5-1 mm; adventitious roots 2-8 at a node. Leaves opposite, to 15(-20) mm; in erect parts of the shoot leaves are erectopatent, in prostrate parts petioles are mostly erect but leaf-blades often horizontal; petiole gradually widening to the blade, (1-)3-6(-15) mm, ratio petiole/blade length in grown-up aquatic leaves c. (0.8-)1.1-2, in terrestrial plants and in young shoots c. (0.8-)1; blade ovate to elliptic to obovate, (1-)2.5-6(-7) x (0.4-)1.5-3.4 mm; base long-attenuate; apex obtuse to rounded, sometimes slightly notched; veins pinnate; hydatodes mostly obscure; stipules narrowly triangular, 0.7-0.8 x 0.25-0.4 mm, usually with lobelike, long, narrow teeth and long acute apex.
Flowers single at the nodes, sessile or sometimes very shortly stalked (pedicel at fruit stage to 0.3(-1.2) mm). Sepals 4, slightly connate at base, all alike, elliptic, 0.5-1 x 0.5 mm, green; margin sometimes with a pair of small teeth on each side. Petals 4, elliptic, 1-1.3 x 1-1.1 mm. Stamens 8. Carpels 4. Capsule ± turnip-shaped (depressedly globose), 1-1.6 x 1.5 mm; walls mostly irregularly broken when opening. Seeds fairly regularly radially arranged, 12-30, cylindrical, 0.17-0.19 mm thick, hooked to asymmetrically horseshoe-shaped, the longer arm 0.54-0.58 mm and the shorter arm 0.37-0.43 mm (at least 2/3 the length of the longer one, usually curved inwards), pale brown or pale greenish to pale yellowish brown; pits inconspicuous, 50-60 in each row; 0.01-0.025 x 0.03-0.035 mm. - Mid-summer to late summer.
[2n 36]
Distribution. Nem-NBor. Alt. S TL 346 m. - D VJy extant at Nees (3 localities), Filsø, Søvig Sund and Guldager, previously also at Sønder Felding 1955 and Ribe 1870-1892; Sjæ latest Damhus Sø 1934 and Birkerød 1892, considerably older finds are known from c. 5 additional localities in the eastern part of the province (Gröntved 1956). N fairly common in Øf, southern part of Ak and Bu; rare in coastal Vf (Larvik 1886, 1902, Borre 1970, Svelvik 1913, Tjøme 1884), Te (Bamble 1990, Porsgrunn 1888, Skien 1887, Solum 1969), AA (Arendal 1894, Tvedestrand 1937), VA (Kristiansand 1881-1999, Mandal 1881-1965); He Hamar 1983, 1984, OP Østre Toten 1981, Ro Hå 1992, 1999, NT Namdalseid 1930, Øverhalla 1927, ØFi Sør-Varanger 1993; reported from Tr Senja 1977 (Spjelkavik 1979), but no specimen seen. S fairly common in BhG, Vg, Ög, Vrm, Nrk, Srm, Upl, Vsm, Dlr, Vb and Nb, fairly rare in Sk, Bl (Karlshamn 1883, Lyckeby 1855-1902, Nättraby 1888, Sölvesborg 1879), Hl, SmI (c. 20 lakes and ponds), Dls, Hls, Ång, Klm (recent localities in the north); Gst Gävle 1837-1955, Torsåker 1926, Mpd Sundsvall, LL Gällivare, Kiruna and TL Jukkasjärvi, Karesuando. F fairly common in most of mainland Finland up to PeP; rare and partly absent from the archipelago in the south, fairly common along the Gulf of Bothnia north of EP Vaasa archipelago; a few finds in Ks, KiL, InL; from A uncertain reports from the first half of the 19th century (see Cedercreutz 1947; no specimen seen and not found later) - Late-Glacial fossil finds (seeds) from SF Vågsöy (Birks 2000).
Europe except the most oceanic and the northernmost parts, also largely absent or rare in the Mediterranean; few finds from Siberia and East Asia.
Habitat. In shallow water (mostly to c. 50 cm depth, seldom down to 3 m), rarely on wet ground above shoreline. On bare soil or among sparse taller vegetation on clay, silt, sand or gyttja, sometimes on gravel or mud. Meso-eutrophic lakes, rivers and slightly brackish water (often in man-influenced sites like grazed shores and boat harbours); sometimes also in ponds, pools and ditches. A weak competitor, declining due to loss of open habitats and heavy eutrophication of waters.
Biology. According to Luther (1951), cleistogamous submerged flowers produce seeds much earlier than chasmogamous flowers at shoreline. Seeds do not float but sink immediately (Ravn 1894). - Spreading easily with drifting shoot fragments (Luther 1951).
Taxonomy see E. orthosperma.
Similar taxa. Elatine hydropiper is vegetatively very similar to E. orthosperma (5), but they differ in the shape of capsule and seed (see key); the differences can be seen already in developing fruits. Plants without mature flowers or fruits cannot be determined with certainty. However, E. hydropiper has usually ± sessile flowers (E. orthosperma flowers are usually short-stalked) and slightly larger leaves, which are relatively wider and mostly ovate to elliptic (leaves of E. orthosperma are elliptic to obovate). Although frequently occurring in mixed colonies E. hydropiper and E. orthospema have also slightly different habitat preferences: E. hydropiper grows in deeper water, less often above waterline, and is more tolerant than E. orthosperma to soft bottom, slighty brackish water and eutrophication. - Compared with E. hexandra (2), E. hydropiper has leaves with longer petioles, and generally the blade is wider and rounder.
5. Elatine orthosperma Düben Map To top
Düben, Bot. Not. 1: 88 (1839). - E. hydropiper var. orthosperma (Düben) Hartm. (1843). - Elatine hydropiper subsp. orthosperma (Düben) Hartm. (1849). - Type: S BhG, Gothoburgi, Göta elf, sept 1839 M.W. von Düben (Fries, Herbarium Normale Fasc. 6, No. 29. 1839) (UPS) lectotype, sel. by Uotila, Ann. Bot. Fennici 44: **** (2007).
Literature. Odland 2001.
D . F oikovesirikko. N nordleg evjeblom. S nordslamkrypa.
Aquatic plants forming up to 10 cm wide green patches; terrestrial plants smaller, red. Stem mostly prostrate, usually only with simple branches, rooted at every node and often buried in the bottom except for the apicalmost parts, which can be ascending to erect, 1-3 cm; internodes to 12 x 0.5-1.2 mm; adventitious roots usually 2-4 at a node. Leaves opposite, to 12 mm; in erect parts of the shoot leaves are erectopatent, in prostrate parts petioles are mostly erect but leaf-blades often horizontal; petiole gradually widening to the blade, (2-)4-10 mm, ratio petiole/blade length in grown-up leaves c. 1-2.5, in terrestrial plants and in young shoots c. 0.8-1; blade obovate to elliptic to ovate, (2-)3-4 x (1-)1.5-2 mm; base long-attenuate; apex obtuse to rounded; veins pinnate; hydatodes obscure; stipules narrowly triangular, 0.7-0.8 x 0.25 mm, usually with lobelike, long, narrow teeth and long acute apex.
Flowers single at the nodes, short-stalked or rarely sessile (pedicel at fruit stage 0.1-1.5(-4.0) mm, often bent sideward from the leaf axil). Sepals 4, slightly connate at base,all alike, elliptic, 0.45-0.8 x 0.3-0.45 mm (usually slightly shorter than the petals), apically green, with 0-1 filiform teeth at the middle of each side. Petals 4, elliptic, 0.6-1.0 x 0.3-0.5 mm. Stamens 8. Carpels 4. Capsule almost cylindrical (slightly narrowing upwards), somewhat depressed at apex, wider than or sometimes as wide as long, 0.8-1.1 x 1.0-1.35(-1.8) mm; walls irregularly broken when opening. Seeds regularly arranged, parallel, mostly in ± upright position, 8-24, cylindrical, straight to bent at apex to slight j or s form (rarely up to an angle of 90º), 0.7-0.8 x 0.2-0.25 mm, pale greenish brown to pale brown; pits inconspicuous, 35-40 in each row, 0.01-0.02 x 0.035-0.040 mm. - Mid-summer to late summer.
Distribution. BNem-MBor. Alt. S Jmt 299 m. - N fairly common in Øf, Ak and He; rare in Op (Lillehammer 1931-1939, Østre Toten 1996, Øyer 1984) and Bu; Te Skien 2002, Ho Voss 1999, 2002, MR Surnadal 1929, NT Trondheim (Namdalen) 1930. S fairly common in Vrm, rarer in BhG, Vg and Dlr; more common along the coast northwards in Mpd Hudiksvall 1883, Sundsvall 1885, Selånger 1885-1952, Ång Sollefteå 1975, Vb Holmsund 1981, Falbäcken 1891, Rödån 1980, 1986, Sörfors 1974, Umeå 1864, 1965, and fairly common in southern part of Nb; Hl Falkenberg 1911, Ås 1910, 1929, Dls Frändefors 1893, 1925, Srm Kung Karl, Strängnäs 1846-1864, Upl Solna 1864, Vaksala 1921, Ängsö, Vsm Kungsör, Gst Gävle 1837-1863, Kågbo 1988, Hls Ljusdal 1914-1936, Bollnäs 1947, Jmt Mattmars 1936, Berg 1973, LL Gällivare 1969, 1970. Probably declined especially in southern and eastern provinces. F fairly frequent in inland South and Central Finland from St to PK and southern Kn, coastal OP and coastal PeP, rare in V Karkkila, Lohja, Nummi-Pusula, Salo, Vihti; U Espoo 1940, Porvoo 1996-2001, Artjärvi 1856, Pyhtää 1982; EK Ylämaa 1975, 1978; fairly rare in EP and KP, inland PeP to the Polar Circle, Ks Salla 1971 and KiL Muonio 1947, 1972.
Outside Norden known from the adjacent Russia (the Republic of Karelia and St. Petersburg) and Germany (Schleswig-Holstein and Bavaria).
Habitat. Mostly in shallow water (usually at less than 50 cm depth, hardly ever deeper than 1 m), sometimes on wet soil above shoreline. On bare soil or among very sparse taller vegetation on silt or sand, sometimes on gravel, clay or gyttja. Meso-eutrophic lakes and rivers; in brackish water only in the least saline coasts and river estuaries in the Bothnian Bay and Gulf of Finland; very rarely in temporary pools on shores. Often in man-influenced sites such as grazed shores and boat harbours. A weak competitor, declining due to loss of open habitats and heavy eutrophication of waters.
Taxonomy. Elatine orthosperma has often been treated as a variety or subspecies of E. hydropiper because of the lack of good separating characters other than the shape of seeds and capsules (which are possibly correlated). This view was not adopted here. Although there is some variation in the seed shape of E. orthosperma, no individual with truly intermediate seeds has been found. Also the difference in fruit form is distinct. Further, there are slight differences between E. hydropiper and E. orthosperma in vegetative characters, especially in pedicel length, but also in robustness and leaf form, and the two taxa have somewhat different ecological and distributional patterns. The area of E. orthosperma is completely sympatric with that of E. hydropiper but more limited. But apparently the taxa are very close to each other, and further studies (e.g. growing experiments or DNA studies) are needed to clarify their relationships.
Similar taxa. Elatine orthosperma is vegetatively very similar to E. hydropiper (4), see that species. - E. orthosperma is sometimes mixed up with E. triandra because of the fairly similar seeds. However, the seeds of E. orthosperma are slightly bent near the end (J- or S-shaped), while seeds of E. triandra are bent at the middle; E. orthosperma seeds are also longer, have a less prominent surface pattern, and are fewer per capsule.
References To top
Birks, H.H. 2000: Aquatic macrophyte vegetation development in Kråkenes Lake, western Norway, during the late-glacial and early Holocene. Journal of Paleolimnology 23: 7-10.
Cedercreutz, C. 1947: Die Gefässpflanzenvegetation der Seen auf Åland. Acta Bot. Fenn. 38: 1-77.
Edqvist, M. & Karlsson, T. 2007: Smålands flora [in press].
Gröntved, J. 1956: Elatine hydropiper i Danmark. Bot. Tidsskr. 53: 96-98.
Kurtto, A. 1987: Isovesirikon (Elatine alsinastrum) vaiheita Helsingin Suutarilassa. Lutukka 3: 92-95.
Larsen, K. & Pedersen, A. 1960: Papaveraceernes, Fumariaceernes, Nyphaeaceernes, Ceratophyllaceernes, Elatinaceernes, Halorrhagidaceernes, Hippuridaceernes og Lythraceernes udbredelse i Danmark. Bot. Tidsskr. 56: 37-86.
Luther, H. 1951: Verbreitung und Ökologie der höheren Wasserpflanzen im Brackwasser der Ekenäs-Gegend in Südfinnland. II. Spezieller Teil. Acta Bot. Fenn. 50: 1-370.
Odland, A. 2001: Nordlig krossevjeblom Elatine orthosperma: nyfunn på Voss og kommentarer til artens økologi og vurdering av mulige skjøtselstiltak. Blyttia 59: 15-21.
Ravn, F.K. 1894: Om Flydeevnen hos Frøene af vore Vand- og Sumpplanter. Bot. Tidsskr. 19: 143-187.
Salisbury, E.J. 1967: On the reproduction and biology of Elatine hexandra (Lapierre) DC. (Elatinaceae); a typical species of exposed mud. Kew Bull. 21: 139-149.
Schotsman, H.D. 1967: Notes sur Elatine alsinastrum L. Bull. Cent. Etud. Rech. Sci. Biarritz 6: 739-747.
Schotsman, H.D. 1969: Notes sur Elatine alsinastrum L. Bull. Cent. Etud. Rech. Sci. Biarritz 7: 865-868.
Spjelkavik, S. 1979: Krossevjeblom, Elatine hydropiper, funnet i Troms. Blyttia 37: 21-23.
Uotila, P. 1974: Elatine hydropiper L. aggr. in northern Europe. Memoranda Soc. Fauna Fl. Fennica 50: 113-123.


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Important Attendance Procedures for Parents
- Parents are asked to email the school's Attendance Office before 9:30 a.m. on the day a student will be absent from class for all or part of the school day due to an illness or an appointment. email@example.com
- For Pre-arranged Absences, the student needs to contact the Assistant Principal prior to the absence and complete the Pre-arranged Absence Form. This allows students to notify teachers and to receive homework assignments before the absence.
- Bishop Kelly has a closed campus policy; therefore students leaving school for professional appointments must have parents notify the Attendance Office via email before school. Students must sign-out when they leave, and sign in when they return. They will be asked for verification of that appointment upon returning to school. (i.e. a doctor's note)
- All students are required to sign in and out at the attendance office when coming late or leaving early.
Attendance FAQ's
Students who become ill or injured during the school day must request a pass from the classroom teacher in order to access the School Nurse. The nurse will then determine whether the student must go home due to illness. If the nurse decides the student should go home, the nurse will contact the parent/guardian. It will be established at that time how the student will be transported home. Students are not to contact parents via phone call or text before they have seen the nurse. The nurse will instruct the student to go to their locker to obtain their belongings and then Attendance Office to sign out.
If a student wants to come to school during the day in which they have previously been called out, an email from the parent/guardian must be received in the Attendance Office PRIOR to the student's arrival back in school. (firstname.lastname@example.com) It may be necessary upon their arrival, for the school nurse to evaluate the health of the student to ensure they are well enough to be in school.
Students must have a PTL pass (Permit to leave) in order for them to leave the campus during school hours. If your student must leave campus early, email the Attendance Office at firstname.lastname@example.com previous day, or by 9:30 a.m. on the requested day. Please do your best to schedule appointments after school hours. Students arriving late to class or leaving class early disrupt the classroom. It is the STUDENT'S responsibility to pick up their PTL at the Attendance Office window before school, at break or at lunch.
We do not interrupt classrooms to deliver Permit to Leave passes (PTL pass).
If you cannot email, and choose to come to the office to pick up your student, please allow plenty of time for us to get the student out of class. Classes are not always in the assigned classrooms, or if the student is in a P.E. class he/she will need time to change clothing. It is always best to email first.
- Am I required to come into the building to sign my student out? No, with proper notification to the attendance office your student will be signed out and ready to meet you at the requested time.
- Am I required to come into the school to return my student to class? No, your student can sign themselves in. They will be asked for verification of their appointment when they return.
In most cases, students can obtain homework online from the Schoology system. If Schoology does not contain the necessary information, homework may be requested directly from the teacher. See "Faculty Directory" on our BK website for email links to specific teachers.
Absence Policy
Regular school attendance is critical to the learning process. Bishop Kelly policy states that students shall be in attendance at least 90% of the time that subject is taught in order to gain credit for that class. More than seven (7) absences in a semester may cause the student to lose credit and receive a mark of "NC" (no credit).
Types of absences that are counted toward the 90% rule
- Verified Absence (VA) is an absence from school with the knowledge and approval of the student's parent(s)/guardian(s). Written, oral, or electronic communication from parents is expected by 9:30a.m. on the day of the absence.
- Unexcused Absence (AB) is an absence from school that has not been excused via written, oral, or electronic communication from a parent or guardian. Absences left unexcused over 48 hours may be considered truant. Prearranged (PA) absences occur when a student knows in advance that they will be absent for 2 or more days and fills out the proper form through the attendance office.
- Truant (TR) is an absence without the consent of the student's parent(s)/guardian(s) or school officials. This includes an absence from school and class after arrival at school and departure from school during the school day without permission of school officials. Class work, homework, and exams missed while truant may not be made up for credit.
- Suspended Absence (SA) includes absences due to in-school or out of school suspension or absence from class due to a dress code violation.
Types of absences that are not counted toward the 90% rule)
- In-school Absence (IA) includes absences that occur within the school day that pull a student from class to another area within the school. Examples include extended visits to the office, nurse, or when a student is at a school approved meeting (i.e. student body, college meetings, etc.)
- Activity Absence (AA) is an absence for school sponsored programs in which classes will be missed.
- Doctor Excused (DR) is an absence due to medical reasons that is confirmed with documentation by professional personnel. (Examples include medical doctors, dentists, psychologists, etc.)
- Bereavement (BR) is an absence taken due to a death in the family.
- School Excused (SC) absences include absences for college visitations, or extenuating circumstances approved by the administration (college visits beyond two (2) need to be approved by the administration prior to the absence). College visits are for Juniors and Seniors only.
- Court Appearance (CA) absences used for students having legal obligations.
Tardy Policy
Bishop Kelly recommends that all students plan to arrive at least 15 minutes before the first bell rings. A student is tardy if he or she is not in the assigned classroom when the bell rings.
There are three types of tardies at Bishop Kelly:
1. Tardy (TD): No verifiable written, electronic or verbal notification.
2. Verified Tardy (VT): Tardy occurs with the knowledge and approval of the student's parent/guardian. Parents are encouraged to call in to the school when they are aware of a situation that will make students late to class. Written, oral, or electronic communication from the parent/guardian is expected within two (2) school days of tardy.
3. Tardy Waived (TW): Tardy is waived due to confirmed (documented) medical reasons, in-school (with counselor, college recruiter, etc.) or school-sponsored activity.
Tardies which are caused by the late bus, either Bishop Kelly High School or city bus, shall not be counted on the student's record. The principal or designee may also waive student tardies due to inclement weather or other extenuating circumstances.
Punctuality demonstrates respect and courtesy to your teacher and classmates. A student is tardy if he or she is not in their classroom when the second bell rings.
Tardies are cumulative across all classes. This total will include both verified tardies (VT) and tardies without verification (TD). Beginning with the fifth tardy, a total of both types, the student will serve a lunch detention and their parents will be notified. After five tardies, consequences for additional tardies are subject to the discretion of the administration.
A student who is ten (10) or more minutes late to class will be considered absent.
Bishop Kelly Attendance Policies can also be found in the Bishop Kelly Student Handbook. The Handbook can be found on this website under "Student Life". Students also have a copy of the Student Handbook within their School Agenda.


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Title: False Step First Edition
Categories: Crime Fiction,
Edition: First Edition
Publisher: London, Severn House: 2008
ISBN Number: 0727867083
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text: Welcome to T. Sheridan & Associates, based in the local area, where we provide the highest quality solar panel and renewable energy configurations. We perform solar installations for our customers, both in the residential and commercial sector. Apart from our high-quality workmanship, every installation we make uses cost-effective components, ensuring our clients don't go over budget. Our mission is to help everyone take advantage of popular sources of renewable energy available today. To find out more, get in touch with us through our booking form.


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The Okanagan Valley is bustling with the energy of visitors, locals enjoying days off, and the sheer joy of summer. Outdoor activities, tours, beach days and of course, wine tours are just a few of the myriad of activities for which the Okanagan Valley is known.
Wineries throughout the region have hired on more staff, are closely monitoring growth and development of grape crops and are proudly sampling their new releases of the season to wine newbies and veterans alike.
Along with wine tasting tours, some wineries in the area are connected with full-service restaurants known for their award-winning cuisine, master chefs and perfect pairings with the fruits of the vine. While some visitors find traditional wining and dining to be an essential part of the wine tour experience, others are looking for a quick-stop type of alternative that would still satisfy their palates.
The answer? Modernized picnic service. Picnics are not a new concept by any stretch of the imagination, however, offering guests the option to dine picnic-style at a winery while enjoying wine by the bottle or the glass, is a relatively new trend to hit the Okanagan region. Gone are the days of baskets, fields and needing a checkered blanket to enjoy a proper picnic, but rather, classy patios, bistro sets, award-winning wines and local cuisine are paving the way.
(Photo courtesy of: www.ancienthillwinery.com )
Lighter fares of smoked meats, cheeses, seasonal fruits, and a selection of artisan breads have made their way into wine shops, and wineries are moving to expand their patio or picnic areas to accommodate this shift in wining and dining.
From a foodie's perspective, this shift makes sense with the recent trend of charcuterie boards bursting onto the scene in the last few years, which naturally transitions and lends itself to picnic-style dining. The passion for terroir and how it directly impacts the flavors and body of regional wines is closely tied to the meats, cheeses and other vegetation used to create a well-balanced charcuterie (cured meat) plate. Just as the terroir influences the unique characteristics of the wines produced, so it influences the unique characteristics of all other regional foods, thereby creating the perfect regional pairing.
(Photo Courtesy of Orchardandvine.net: Miradoro at Tinhorn Creek)
And with winery guests seeking lighter fare, quicker service, and perhaps a more rustic, terroir-inspired approach to dining, the modernized picnic option offers the perfect alternative.
Fine-dining options are still available at some wineries, and there is definitely a time and place for any sort of sit-down style meal, but, when it comes to the latest trends in winery dining, the picnic is definitely on the rise.
This summer when you plan to visit the Okanagan Valley's finest wineries, be sure to indulge in a picnic experience pairing some of the Okanagan's finest vintages with local samplings. Sample some of the winery's offerings or pack your own assortment of local delicacies to create a delicious picnic experience. This is one trend you can truly sink your teeth into!
Copyright 2010 OK WINERIES. All Rights Reserved.


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Foam rolling may increase range of motion in some joints, even for a short time, but little is known exactly how long does this short-term change lasts.
Researchers from Coastal Carolina University in South Carolina recruited 29 young subjects (21 women, 8 men) with various experiences with exercise and foam rolling, from recreational athletes to sedentary ones with no experience with foam rolling. (1)
The subjects warmed up by pedaling on a stationary bike for five minutes and performed a vertical jump test and a sit-and-reach test as a baseline measurement. Then they were randomly assigned to a foam rolling group, dynamic stretching group, combo group (foam rolling + stretching), and a control group (no foam rolling) where they rested for more than 20 minutes before retesting. Subjects in the foam rolling group rolled their glutes, quadriceps, hamstrings, and calves for 3 sets for 30 seconds with a 30 second break between sets.
It turns out that there was hardly any difference in the sit-and-reach tests among the groups, but there was "significant difference" in the vertical jump height between the experimental groups and control group after five minutes post-treatment (about 7% difference). However, when the groups were retested every five minutes, the differences among the groups become much less apparent. In other words, the groups performed the same after 15 to 20 minutes post-treatment.
Researchers noted one problem with this study is the sampling population. Because the subjects have different levels of fitness, that could influence how well they respond to exercise and performance, from the bike warm-up to recovery between tests.
"As a result, some participants may have experienced postactivation potentiation, whereas others experienced fatigue or postactivation depression. This could be the result of differences in fitness levels among our subject pool. Approximately 20% of the subjects were identified as sedentary. Indeed, the ability to capitalize on postactivation potentiation is related to, among other factors, training background, number of type II muscle fibers, and strength levels," the researchers stated.
There could be potential application for athletes on on the court or field, especially in basketball and volleyball where the vertical jump is often used. But is this practical? Would athletes need to foam roll during their time outs or rest periods? Probably not.
Because there was no difference in performance five minutes after foam rolling and/or dynamic stretching, which agrees with some of the previous research, the researchers concluded, "Because there was no synergistic effect of [foam rolling] and [dynamic stretching] on performance and previous studies have shown acute enhancement in ROM after DS, the use of FR may be better suited for other times throughout the day rather than being a part of the warm-up."
1. Smith, Jason, C.; Pridgeon, Brooke; Hall, MacGregor, C. Acute Effect of Foam Rolling and Dynamic Stretching on Flexibility and Jump Height. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. April 04, 2018. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002321.


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Haida Gwaii Bird Day took place October 14th 2017 at the Haida Heritage Centre in Skidegate, BC.
Leaders from the CHN, Bird Studies Canada, HG Museum, Gwaii Haanas and the Laskeek Bay Conservation Society discussed current work and ambitions related to bird biosecurity practices on Haida Gwaii.
Listen to the morning presentations by Viv Pattison (Laskeek Bay Conservation Society), Krista Kaptein (BC Nature) and David Bradley (Bird Studies Canada):
Listen to the afternoon panel discussion with Robert Russ (CHN), Tyler Peet (Gwaii Haanas) and David Bradley (Bird Studies Canada), moderated by Robyn Irvine (Gwaii Haanas):


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The festival is over, but you're not done yet....you are heading down to the Sandpit Bar for the exclusive Official After-Party ft DEADBEAT.
Deadbeat is Shelton Woolright, drummer for Blindspott / I Am Giant. A high energy drum DJ set with Woolright layering live drums over a mashup of the biggest, baddest party tunes on the planet. Deadbeat's electrifying finale will smash you into the early hours of Monday, lucky it's a day off and you can recover on the beach.
Join the Bay of Islands Music Festival artists and crew as we celebrate the end of the fest. Very limited public tickets available.


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Wednesday, August 22, 2007
Cause Co-Motion!
This band is a glorious reminder of days when bands formed some time before guitar practice was over. Revelling in the skittishness of early Orange Juice, the broken-hearted numbness of The Modern Lovers, the slapdash pop-art pop of the TVPs and the simple 60s-tunes and punk-energy worshipping of those early Razorcuts sides, the Cause Co-Motion! make their pop loudly, brightly and irresistibly. And it's magnificent.
They say that they're "trying to steal favorite parts of songs and bands based on remembrances, realizing later they're not at all alike, and sticking with the remembrances" and I fancy This Time Next Year tips its hat slyly at one of The Kinks' great (overlooked) songs This Time Tomorrow.
They're chaotic and ramshackle and restlessly lively and you keep expecting it to collapse, but it never does. Apparently, their gigs are over in 20 minutes and if they can recreate on stage the animation, vim and vitality that they harness on record, you can bet they're a riot
You can hear music at their website or their myspace (or, you know, buy their records).
Posted by Fire Escape at 10:47 am
2 comments:
- martijn said...
I love that first sentence. :)
I thought they sounded like Beat Happening very much too. But perhaps that's how the second sentence can be summarised. Oh, and they're really good, yeah.
- 4:04 pm
- Fire Escape said...
Yeah, I can hear that BH thrum in there too. I hope they make it to London for a gig.
- 4:27 pm
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the lack of deiversity, it is almost entiely white which diminishes the quality of education.
The culture of praise can be debilitating, allowing students to believe they are masters in their craft when they are not. This is not always helpful for students, sometimes more constructive criticism would be better.
In the higher levels of school governance there is a beurocracy firmly in place that sometimes jeopardizes the freedom of criticism among students. Friends of mine have gotten in trouble for writing articles that portray the administration in an unfavorable light.
Trying to find a place to live for Field Work Term that is not home: You're on your own with pretty much no help from the college. Unfortunately, you don't necessarily realize this until it's too late to plan for it.
The administration doesn't offer tenure to the faculty, which results in a lot of temporary staff, visiting faculty, and course selection that's almost constantly in flux.
There are people here who do not believe they contribute to the whole organism that is the specific community at Bennington. There are people who hold their tongues, when on them lie not honeyed words but rich milk that would benefit a colleaugue. Most of all though, knowing exactly how to navigate the ever-changing environment here would be a whole lot easier if information about graduation requirements and concentration requirements was more readily available. The school needs a better information dissemination infrastructure.
Too much drama, which is to be expected when that many emotionallly screwed up people all live together. Also, it's small so low funding.
It is an expensive school, and because it was my first choice, I was willing to take out overwhelming loans. However, when I talked to financial aid my second year here, they were very helpful in adjusting my aid for my last two years. It is also very small, which is good for so many reasons, but I do miss attending sports games and having more activities to choose from, and places to go off campus.
While students' opinions are often valued inside the classroom, when it comes to improving the plan process (which is the crux of the student's education here) or making changes on campus, students' voices are often ignored. There's a lot of administrative red tape, to boot, and not much consistancy in the plan process itself.
The worst things about Bennington are also the best: The rigorously challenging academic structure; the tiny, tightly knit social environment, the secluded location. Each is a challenge you must surmount, and each bouys you up at the end.
The lack of academic structuring makes Bennington College a dog-eat-dog world; the lack of strong guidelines allows professors to take advantage of students, insult them, and control them at their discretion with no support from the administration.
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Spiral zinc powder feeder is a kind of zinc powder feeding machine newly developed by Xinhai with the following advantages.
With even and continuous spiral feeding, it has solved the problems of difficulty in adjusting zinc powder feeding amount in traditional machinery and uneven feeding amount, and reduced the residual zinc content, which not only reduces the production costs, but also improves the smelting effects.
With small area of zinc exposure in the air, the oxidation of the zinc powder is reduced in the operation, and the replacement effect is improved.


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Q: Do we take our photos with a professional camera?
A: Sometimes, but we usually take photos with an iPhone 6s.
Q: Do we do animal features?
A: No, sorry for the disclaimer. We only take photos of animals and then upload them to our Instagram.
Q: Do we do shoutouts?
A: Sorry we do not do shoutouts. We strive to make our work as professional as possible; therefor we strickly just post our pet photos.
Q: Do you do dog drawings?
A: Yes, we do. We occasionally upload some of our drawings onto our Instagram. We mostly draw dogs (but usually only the ones we have taken photos of) but if you want us to draw your pet just DM us. Unfortunately we cannot send you any of our art creations (using the mail) because we do not want to expose any personal information such as addresses. But we can DM you a photo of the drawing we've created for you.
Q: Do we photography all animals or just dogs?
A: We photography both but mainly dogs. Learn why we mainly photography dogs here
*The question below might sound a bit a ridiculous thing to do or put as an FAQ but some people just can't manage themselves on the internet.
*Q: If we see comments that are inappropriate or spam do we delete them?
A: Yes we do. We feel that it isn't necessary for inappropriate comments to be on our Instagram site. We also feel that we do not need those "go to this site for more followers," comments either, because first of all it doesn't matter how many followers you have, and secondly these sites are usually scams.
Q: How can I be notified when you post something?
A: Go to our Instagram. Then click the "…" Lastly press "Turn on Post Notifications." It's highly recommend that you turn on you post notifications for our account so that you can be the first to know about our photos posts via Instagram.
Thank you all so much for supporting us in everything we do! You are best!
Make sure to follow our Instagram! @thetweendogist


text: Art Colorado Springs Creators Contend With Changing Art Landscape Due To Coronavirus By Elena Rivera • Apr 23, 2020 Courtesy Jeremy Facknitz The state's stay-at-home order is set to lift this Sunday in favor of less restrictive "safer at home" regulations, but local artists continue to contend with financial challenges due to the new coronavirus. For some, the future of their business and livelihood is uncertain. For A Colorado Springs Violin Maker, The Holidays And Powder Days Resonate By Ali Budner • Dec 17, 2019 Ali Budner / 91.5 KRCC You have to be looking for Juan Pablo Mijares's violin shop to find it. The storefront is tucked deep behind an alleyway in downtown Colorado Springs. Small details make the place feel decidedly old world, from the carved wooden sign above the entrance to the plink of violin strings that serve as door chimes. On a recent visit to Mijares's shop, he says some of his customers declare the place is even otherworldly. Planning For New Art Along The Repaired Arkansas River Levee By Shanna Lewis • Dec 2, 2019 Shanna Lewis / KRCC Huge paintings once lined most of the 2.8-mile long levee that helps protect downtown Pueblo from flooding along the Arkansas River. But they're being destroyed during repair work that started on the levee five years ago. Charles Rockey, Influential Manitou Springs Artist, Has Died By Jake Brownell • Jun 18, 2019 Noel Black / 91.5 KRCC Charles Rockey, a beloved Manitou Springs painter known for his impressionistic depictions of the mountain town, died Sunday night. He was in his late 80s. At U.S. Olympic Museum, Accessibility Is Paramount By Jake Brownell • May 21, 2019 Jake Brownell / 91.5 KRCC Construction of the United States Olympic Museum is well underway in Colorado Springs. Once finished, officials hope it will become a major draw for the city and a new centerpiece of the downtown landscape. Organizers also hope it will be something else: one of the most accessible museums in the world for folks with disabilities. Ansel Adams' Little-Known Role In Envisioning The Air Force Academy Campus By Abigail Beckman • Apr 11, 2019 Ansel Adams / Courtesy of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Listen Listening... / 4:22 Ansel Adams is known for his iconic black and white photographs of Yosemite National Park and of Japanese-Americans in internment camps during World War II, among other work. According to a biography from the Ansel Adams Gallery in Yosemite, he "endlessly traveled the country in pursuit of both the natural beauty he revered and photographed and the audiences he required." Air Force Academy Chapel Perseveres Despite Cancelled Renovations By Abigail Beckman • Apr 11, 2019 Abigail Beckman / 91.5 KRCC Listen Listening... / 5:24 The Cadet Chapel at the United States Air Force Academy has a spectacular presence both up close and from a distance. Seventeen gleaming aluminum spires reflect the sun and the sky, shining panels of stained glass cast a purple glow on the tile floor. Sound fills the space, creating a soul-stirring acoustic experience. Fine Arts Center Celebrates 100 Years Of 'Amazing Artists, Performing Arts Opportunities' By Abigail Beckman • Feb 21, 2019 Abigail Beckman / 91.5 KRCC The Fine Arts Center at Colorado College is 100 years old this year. It began in the former home of philanthropists Julie and Spencer Penrose in 1919 as the Broadmoor Art Academy. By the 1930s, what was initially a local art colony had become a major force in the art world. Cotton Club Founder Fannie Mae Duncan To Be Honored With Downtown Statue By Jake Brownell • Jun 21, 2018 Lewis "Lew" Tilly / Pikes Peak Library District, Digital Photo Archive, Image no. 099-10711 Listen Listening... / 5:14 "Everybody Welcome" was the catchphrase of Colorado Springs businesswoman Fannie Mae Duncan. 'Good Art Answers Questions, Great Art Asks Them' - A Conversation With Poet Richard Blanco By Jake Brownell • May 2, 2018 Blue Flower Arts Listen Listening... / 41:17 A conversation with Richard Blanco For our second episode of the Converge Lecture Series Podcast, we're joined by poet Richard Blanco. If you watched the second inauguration of Barack Obama in 2013, then you're familiar with Blanco's work. The White House asked him to write and read a poem for the occasion, making him one of only five writers ever to have held the title, "Inaugural Poet," a distinction he shares with Robert Frost and Maya Angelou. He was also the youngest, first Latino, immigrant, and gay person to hold the position. 'The Literal Isn't Sufficient' - A Conversation With George Saunders By Jake Brownell • Jan 30, 2018 David Crosby Listen Listening... / 43:29 An interview with George Saunders For our first episode of the Converge Lecture Series Podcast, we're joined by writer George Saunders Saunders has been dazzling readers for more than two decades with his essays, articles, short stories, and now his debut novel: Lincoln in the Bardo, which won the prestigious Man Booker Prize for fiction last year. Introducing: The Converge Lecture Series Podcast From 91.5 KRCC By Jake Brownell • Jan 25, 2018 Listen Listening... / 9:38 Introducing: The Converge Lecture Series Podcast from 91.5 KRCC In partnership with Converge Lecture Series, 91.5 KRCC presents a new podcast dedicated to exploring big ideas with some of the biggest writers and thinkers around. Manitou Springs Calling For Public Art Proposals To Fill Void Of Removed Trees By Jake Brownell • Oct 31, 2017 Carole Henson / Wikimedia Creative Commons Listen Listening... / 0:55 The City of Manitou Springs is calling on artists nationwide to submit proposals for a public art installation in the city. The winning proposal will receive up to 15,000 dollars from the city to pay for materials, manufacture, and installation of a durable, 3-dimensional piece of art. Critically-Acclaimed Poets and Writers 'Converge' In Colorado Springs For New Lecture Series By Jake Brownell • Sep 28, 2017 Claire Holt Listen Listening... / 5:52 An interview with Sam Stephenson, organizer of Converge Lecture Series Some of the biggest names in contemporary poetry and literature will be coming to Colorado Springs as part of a new lecture series called Converge. New York-based poet Marie Howe kicks off the series this Sunday, October 1, at the Pinery at the Hill in Colorado Springs. Colorado Springs Portal Forges Musical Connections Around The World By Jeff Bieri & Jake Brownell • Sep 7, 2017 Jake Brownell / 91.5 KRCC Listen Listening... / 8:48 A visit to the portal in downtown Colorado Springs The Imagination Celebration is giving area residents the opportunity to connect to distant lands and cultures from right here in Colorado Springs. As part of the annual What If Festival in downtown Colorado Springs this Saturday, the Imagination Celebration has stationed a "portal" -- a golden shipping container outfitted with a camera, microphone, and an eight-by-eight-foot projection screen -- at the Pioneers Museum. The portal functions like a giant, community Skype box, linking up with other portals stationed in places as diverse as Gaza, Berlin, and Brooklyn. Colorado Springs Artist Senga Nengudi Takes the World Stage at Venice Biennale By Jake Brownell • Jun 21, 2017 Courtesy of Senga Nengudi Listen Listening... / 5:26 Colorado Springs Artist Senga Nengudi Takes the World Stage at the Venice Biennale Colorado Springs-based artist Senga Nengudi is currently showing her work at one of the art world's most influential international exhibitions, the Venice Biennale. It's the latest in a recent string of high-profile showings for Nengudi, who's been living and working in Colorado Springs for nearly 30 years. As curators will tell you, the recognition has been a long time in the making. Fort Carson Recieves NEA Grant for Art Therapy Program By Jake Brownell • Mar 30, 2017 NEA Staff / NEA Listen Listening... / 1:20 Fort Carson has been awarded a grant from the National Endowment for the Arts to increase art therapy offerings at the base. The money will go toward hiring a full-time, licensed creative art therapist to develop visual art and music therapy programs for service members dealing with traumatic brain injuries and post-traumatic stress disorder. Front Row Center with Concert Photographer Larry Hulst By Jake Brownell • Mar 7, 2017 Larry Hulst / Courtesy Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center Listen Listening... / 11:21 An Interview with Photographer Larry Hulst from episode 13 of Air Check Photographer Larry Hulst, whose photographs of rock and roll icons are currently on display at the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center, never imagined that his pictures would one day be hanging in an art museum. A Deep Dive Into The Colorado College - Fine Arts Center Alliance By Jake Brownell • Nov 2, 2016 Jake Brownell / KRCC On August 25th, after months of behind the scenes discussions, Colorado College and the Colorado Springs Fine Arts center announced an historic alliance to integrate the FAC into the college. The announcement came after prolonged financial challenges at the arts center, stemming in part from a $30 million renovation in 2006. Got Questions about the Fine Arts Center Alliance with Colorado College? By KRCC • Sep 12, 2016 Jake Brownell / KRCC 91.5 KRCC is partnering with KCME on an upcoming special looking at the historic alliance between The Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center and Colorado College. In this hour-long program, we aim to explain the deal, provide some background on the history and significance of Fine Arts Center, and ask what it will mean for the future of the arts in southern Colorado. But we need your help. Colorado College and Fine Arts Center Alliance Becomes Official By Andrea Chalfin • Aug 25, 2016 courtesy CC/FAC Colorado College and the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center have finalized a merger that, after a four-year transition period, will result in the full integration of the center into College operations. A Reprieve for Pueblo's Corn Maiden Mural By Shanna Lewis • Mar 25, 2016 Shanna Lewis / KRCC As repairs on the aging Arkansas River levee move ahead, heavy equipment will cut through the image of a corn maiden, along with scores of other paintings that cover the 2.8-mile long levee. Construction workers are taking extra care as they remove the corn maiden, and dozens of people gathered Thursday afternoon to say goodbye to this piece of local history. Poets, drummers and a woman dressed in a ceremonial mask were among those watching the work from across the river. The Big Something Radio Programme, Episode 11 By Noel Black & Jake Brownell • Dec 18, 2015 Listen Listening... / 58:55 The Big Something Radio Programme, Episode 11 On this episode of The Big Something: In-depth Conversation on Culture and Ideas in the Pikes Peak region, we speak with outgoing Museum Director at the Colorado Springs Fine Art Center, Blake Milteer, and his soon-to-be successor, Joy Armstrong; Author Jonathan Marcantoni talks about his new book and the mentorship program that he created for aspiring writers; Author Jeffrey Hobbs speaks with fellow writer Helen Thorpe about his bestselling book, "The Short and Tragic Life of Robert Peace,"; and Big Something intern Madi Howard brings us the story of a new publication devoted to amplifying the voices of the homeless in Colorado Springs. The Big Something Radio Programme: Episode 7 By Noel Black & Jake Brownell • Aug 28, 2015 On Episode 7 of The Big Something Radio Programme we hear from the soon-to-be newest member of the Colorado state Supreme Court, Richard Gabriel; we bring you an interview with Artist Rodney wood, about Artocade: Trinidad's Art Car Parade; Eliot Gray Fisher of Austin Based ARCOS dance discusses The Warriors: A Love Story, a multimedia performance coming to colorado springs; And lastly, we check in with members of Affordable Housing Program for Rural Artists to Launch in Trinidad By Madeleine Schmidt • Jul 28, 2015 Trinidad is the first of nine communities announced as a beneficiary of a new state-run rural artist program. The $50 million program called Space to Create, Colorado is an effort of Colorado Creative Industries and other foundations to provide affordable housing for artists. CCI Director Margaret Hunt says areas with strong art communities are magnets for economic development. Hunt adds they're purposely selecting small towns. Curator Daisy McGowan on GOCA's Bright Young Things By Jake Brownell & Noel Black • Jul 22, 2015 Daisy McGowan is the Director and Curator at the UCCS Galleries of Contemporary Art in Colorado Springs. For GOCA's second biennial exhibition Bright Young Things, McGowan aims to reflect the diverse background of emerging artists working in the Colorado Front Range Corridor. The show will run from July 10th until August 29th, and feature collaborative performance, ceramics, photography, painting and work in other media from 8 artists. A Portrait of the Artist, Charles Rockey By Jake Brownell & Noel Black • Jul 2, 2015 In this segment from last week's episode of the Big Something, Noel Black brings you a profile of beloved Manitou artist Charles Rockey. He just released a book of fables and illuminations--Love Songs of Middle Time--that he's been working on for the past 15 years. You can buy copies of the book at the Manitou Art Center, the Manitou Heritage Center, and Miramont Castle in Manitou. Construction Changes to Cause Loss of Pueblo Levee Mural Sooner than Expected By Shanna Lewis • Jun 24, 2015 Shanna Lewis / 91.5 KRCC A lot of dirt needs to get moved to repair the Arkansas River levee in Pueblo, and plans for the repairs are changing so that dirt can be put to use on other projects. Those changes may affect efforts to preserve historic sections of the murals painted on the levee. Originally plans called for reducing the height of the levee by 12 feet in phases, but now other projects can use the dirt quicker than first thought. Pueblo Conservancy District consulting engineer Kim Kock said that means they need to keep moving forward. Rules for Repainting Pueblo Levee Mural Under Discussion By Shanna Lewis • Apr 15, 2015 Shanna Lewis / 91.5 KRCC Repair work on the Arkansas River levee in Pueblo is destroying the world's largest mural. KRCC's Shanna Lewis reports on the discussion about repainting it. The Pueblo Conservancy District board oversees the levee. It's preparing guidelines to cover design, approval, and maintenance for new artwork. They got mixed comments from the couple of dozen people at a public meeting last night. Work on Pueblo Levee Project Faces Slight Delay By Shanna Lewis • Nov 19, 2014 Shanna Lewis / 91.5 KRCC The start of a massive repair project on the Arkansas River levee in Pueblo is being delayed until December due to historic preservation concerns and some delays in the funding. The project's consulting engineer Kim Kock says the state historic preservation officer has said the levee could be deemed historic because it was constructed in response to the deadly 1921 floods and used methods of that time period. Pages1 2 next › last »


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Movie Poster of the Week has been at the International Film Festival Rotterdam this past week, scouting some brand new poster art from around the world. Next week I'll be posting a larger selection of what I've been seeing, but this is one of my favorites and one of the first to catch my eye. Directed by Robert Patton-Spruill, and having its world premiere in Rotterdam, Do It Again documents Boston rock critic Geoff Edgers' quest to reunite The Kinks. A glorified episode of Bands Reunited (which I don't mean disparagingly since I mourn that show's demise), though as much a portrait of the overly optimistic Edgers than of his favorite band, the film features a remarkably accommodating Sting, a wide-eyed Zooey Deschanel, and a marvellously pissed off Paul Weller among its interviewees.
The superb poster was drawn by Dave Plunkert of Baltimore-based Spur Design, more of whose remarkably witty illustration can be seen on his website. He also designed this poster for the gaming doc The Dungeon Masters, which won the best poster award at last year's South by Southwest.


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So, why did John end his Gospel this way?
With a cool little story about the disciples going fishing, Jesus making them breakfast and having an awkward conversation with Peter. Why? What does he want us to do with this information? How does this wrap up the story? Is it like the scene after the credits in a Marvel movie? Like when the Avengers save the world and then they're just sitting around a little restaurant in New York eating shawarma?


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CHICAGO (CBS) — McDonald's may be the biggest, but it certainly isn't the best in the eyes of consumers.
The Oak Brook-based fast food giant ranks dead last among restaurants in consumer satisfaction, according to new data released on Tuesday.
The American Customer Satisfaction Index gave McDonald's a rating of 73, two points behind Burger King and KFC.
Papa John's pizza ranked No. 1 among all fast foot restaurants with an 82 rating.
Since 1995, McDonald's has consistently ranked last, according to the ACSI. However, there is good news: The restaurant, which serves tens of millions of customers a day, had a rating of only 59 back on 2000. This year's ranking is the best ever for McDonald's.
Jim McCabe, vice president of operations for McDonald's USA said in a statement: "We take all customer feedback seriously. Through restaurant evaluations and customer and employee feedback, we are continually evaluating our performance. Our internal and third-party research shows that we continue to make progress in satisfying our customers.
"Still, we know we can do more by continuing to offer our customers great value, menu variety and a positive service experience every time they visit our restaurants."
Ratings For Fast Food Burger Restaurants
Wendy's 78
Burger King 75
McDonald's 73
Ratings For Fast Food Pizza Restaurants
Papa John's 83
Little Caesar 82
Pizza Hut 78
Domino's Pizza 77
Ratings For Full-Service Chain Restaurants
Red Lobster 83
Outback Steakhouse 81
Olive Garden 80
Applebee's 77
Chili's 76
The American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) is a national economic indicator of customer evaluations of the quality of products and services. The ACSI uses data from interviews with roughly 70,000 customers annually for measuring customer satisfaction.


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Available To order now from the factory, Renault has revealed a number of specification and option updates to the highly popular Captur model range.
First up is a new special edition version of the Captur, called the Iconic Nav Special Edition. This new model receives an exclusive Arctic White Pearlescent Paint Finish with a diamond black two tone body colour with a wavy blue line design over the black, to the roof and door mirrors. Painted front and rear lower bumper trim with 17-inch 'explore alloys' wheels with black inserts and a blue Renault badge on the centre cap.
The blue and black theme carries on throughout the interior with the part leather seat trim and steering wheel put together with a blue stitching. A new light blue tinted chrome interior touch pack helps to carry on the trend for the special edition.
Heated front seats, aluminium pedals and matte black detailing around the cabin also feature as standard on the special edition. Also included is Renault's Grip Xtend advanced traction control system with mud and snow tyres, R-Link Evolution touch-screen infotainment and satellite navigation with European mapping, reverse parking camera as well as an electrochrome rear view mirror, all feature in the Iconic Nav Special Edition.
New changes to the current Captur models
A new 1.2-litre TCe 120 engine that can be matched to a six-speed manual gearbox is now offered from the Dynamique Nav trim level and above. This new engine/gearbox configuration provides combined fuel consumption of 51.4mpg (NEDC) with C02 emissions of 125 g/km. This provides a manual gear change alternative to the current offering of the same engine but with the EDC, dual clutch automatic gearbox.
Other changes new for 2016 include the extremely popular Flame Red metallic with a Diamond black roof being made available on the Dynamique Nav and Dynamique S Nav models for £595. To further enhance the red and black theme a red interior touch pack is available on both trim levels for £100 and adds red trim accents to the centre console, speakers and air vents.
Check out our Renault Captur deals here, available with two petrol and two diesel engine options and four trim levels. The Captur was Europe's best selling compact crossover in 2015 and up until May 2016 an impressive 596,268 vehicles were sold worldwide since the launch in 2013.


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don't get hooked ON SOUTH AFRICAN FISH IMPORTS!
by The Committee to Save New England Fisheries
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
Undate, about June 1977
8 pages
Type: Brochure
Coverage in Africa: Namibia, South Africa
Coverage outside Africa: United States
Language: English
This brochure points out that South Africa is the largest competitor for the two largest products of the New England fisheries: lobster and sardine (herring). Namibian fish is found throughout New England and the U.S., despite the United Nations having declared that the exploitation of fish resources off the Namibian coast is illegal. The brochure includes a copy of United Nations Decree No. 1 For the Protection of the Natural Resources of Namibia and of An Act Relating to the Sale of Native Lobster and Sardine, and their Representation for Purpose of Sale by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
Collection: Alan Zaslavsky Africa Collection, Michigan State University Libraries Special Collections


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Jackie Kuchta Joins Local Mercy Medical Services Clinics
Jun 11, 2018 11:35PM
By MED Magazine
Jackie Kuchta, NP-C, DNP, has recently joined South Sioux Mercy Medical Clinic, Mercy Internal Medicine and Pediatrics and Mercy Singing Hills Clinic.
Ms. Kuchta recently graduated from Briar Cliff University with a Doctor of Nurse Practice degree.
Prior to joining the Mercy Medical Services Clinics, she was a certified diabetes educator and insulin pump specialist at Mercy Medical Center. Ms. Kuchta also has experience in treating hospitalized patients with renal disease, congestive heart failure, COPD, and other health concerns. Ms. Kuchta will be accepting primary care patients of all ages and will also specialize in diabetes and endocrinology management.
Ms. Kuchta holds professional memberships with the American Diabetes Association, the American Association of Diabetes Educators, the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, the Iowa Association of Nurse Practitioners and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists.
Appointments can be made with Ms. Kuchta at Mercy Internal Med and Pediatrics on Mondays and Wednesdays by calling 712-279-2950. She will be accepting patients at Mercy Singing Hills Family Medicine on Tuesdays. Please call 712-294-7400 for an appointment. Her office hours at the South Sioux Mercy Medical Clinic include Thursdays and Friday morning. Please call 402-494-3064 for an appointment at South Sioux Mercy Medical Clinic.


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If you desire to use a stress-free or hassle-free parking service close to the London Stansted Airport that offers you convenient parking you should consider the Meet And Greet (Official) parking service. Meet And Greet (Official) is the official Stansted car parking service of the airport. The parking service is open 7 days a week and 365 days a year. You will walk to the airport check-in from the terminal in just less than 2 minutes. Meet and Greet (Official) Stansted car parking requires no transfers to the airport.
You drive to the aiport and contact the phone number provided 30 minutes before you arrive. This number is provided on the reservation email. You discuss with the valet what time you will return so they can have your car ready for you at the terminal.
The Meet and Greet (Official) parking service is a simple one to use. To use Meet and Greet Stansted on your arrival at the car park, drive to the entry barrier and your car will activate a call to the customer service staff at the car park that will then provide you with parking instructions and raise the entry barrier to let you drive into the car park. On your return, head to the Meet and Greet (Official) Stansted Airport parking service reception office where you will be directed to your car by a member of staff.
You should do your airport car parking booking with Parkhero. Some reasons why you should do your airport car parking booking with Parkhero is because of the cheap car park Stansted service which you will enjoy on all the car parking types. Parkhero also provides parking Stansted compare option for all travellers who do their parking booking with Parkhero to let you compare available airport parking prices. You should also do your booking on Parkhero for ease of booking and with our well-trained customer service staff that respond to queries promptly, you will get a timely response to your queries.
Unfortunately its is not possible to make a reservation at Stansted Official Meet & Greet for your selected date because the parking is full on the dates you have selected.
We advise you to compare all the parkings at Stansted Airport. Click on the button below and check the available parkings.See the available parkings on Stansted Airport


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We're really proud to present a "spiritual successor" of the music released on Before We Lost Ourselves [CZSZ002], two years after releasing the first part of this ephemral series. M/M aka Michael McGregor prepared two half-hour long pieces shaped from blurry, hazzy, not fully formed dreams which we duplicated straight on the tape. Two compositions on "I Know You Are Thinking I've Said This All Before" were recorded a year apart, in the same place both during snow storms, after Christmas but before New Year. They are connected in a systematic way, they are also impacted by life lived in those 365 days. They're like a time capsule recovered from oblivion. New M/M tracks are a little brighter, and maybe even hopeful, albeit moody and decayed at the same time. A perfect soundtrack for the end of winter/beggining of spring. Take your Walkman with you and go to the river bank to watch drifting ice floes.
All music by Michael McGregor. Recorded in the basement of his Parents home, in New Jersey, between Christmas and New Years Eve. Side A was recorded in December 2016. Side B was recorded in December 2017