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Trends in the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke and Their Risk Factors in Japan, 1964 to 2003The Akita-Osaka Study
Author + information
- Published online July 1, 2008.
Author Information
- Akihiko Kitamura, MD⁎,
- Shinichi Sato, MD⁎,
- Masahiko Kiyama, MD⁎,
- Hironori Imano, MD⁎,
- Hiroyasu Iso, MD†,
- Takeo Okada, MD⁎,
- Tetsuya Ohira, MD†,
- Takeshi Tanigawa, MD‡,
- Kazumasa Yamagishi, MD‡,
- Masakazu Nakamura, PhD⁎,
- Masamitsu Konishi, MD⁎,
- Takashi Shimamoto, MD⁎,
- Minoru Iida, MD⁎ and
- Yoshio Komachi, MD⁎
A continuous decline in mortality and morbidity from coronary heart disease (CHD) has been documented in the U.S. (1–4). This decline is accompanied by a reduction in serum total cholesterol levels, which has been attributed to improvements in medical care and community-based prevention strategies (2,5,6). In Asia, there is concern that the incidence of CHD may be increasing as the result of socioeconomic development and a growing westernization of lifestyles, including greater availability of high-calorie and high-fat foods, as well as widespread sedentary work patterns coupled with high mental stress (7,8). Although an increased incidence of CHD has not been demonstrated yet by long-term community-based studies, there have been signs of a developing epidemic of CHD in several Asian countries (9–12).
For example, in Japan, a highly developed country in Asia, total cholesterol levels and obesity have increased substantially during the past several decades, partly as the result of the spread of western lifestyles (13). Despite this increase in total cholesterol levels, the mortality from CHD has been declining since 1970 among Japanese men and women (14), and CHD mortality in Japan remains approximately one-fourth of that in the U.S. (15). However, in Tokyo and Osaka (16), the largest metropolitan areas where Westernized lifestyles are more common, CHD mortality has been greater and has declined less than the overall numbers for Japan. We hypothesized that the incidence of CHD has increased in urban communities of Japan compared with rural areas. In this report, we conducted a systematic examination of 40-year trends in the incidence of CHD and stroke as well as in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among middle-aged residents in urban and rural communities in Japan. Our findings may be a harbinger of future trends in CHD in the developing countries of Asia.
The survey populations were residents of the Minami-Takayasu district of Yao City (an urban community in Osaka Prefecture, 250 miles west of Tokyo, with a total census population of 23,552 in 2000) and Ikawa (a rural community in Akita Prefecture, 290 miles northeast of Tokyo, with a total census population of 6,116 in 2000). The target populations for this study were residents ages 40 to 69 years. This criterion resulted in a study population of 9,549 people in the urban community and 2,671 in the rural community. According to 24-h dietary recall surveys taken from 1988 to 1995, men ages 40 to 59 years in the urban community had greater intakes of fat and cholesterol and a lower intake of sodium than those in the rural community (fat intake: 22% vs. 19% of total energy; cholesterol intake: 415 mg/day vs. 387 mg/day; and salt intake: 13 g/day vs. 14g/day, respectively) (17).
For all the residents, cardiovascular disease (CVD) end points were ascertained from death certificates, national insurance claims, reports by local physicians, reports by public health nurses and health volunteers, and annual cardiovascular risk surveys. For a supplemental information source, we also mailed an annual questionnaire to all the households in the urban community to determine the incidence of CVD. To ascertain the diagnosis of CVD for living cases, physicians participating in this study obtained medical histories and reviewed medical records from local clinics and hospitals. In the case of deaths, histories were obtained from the families and medical records were reviewed.
The criteria for CHD and stroke have been described in detail elsewhere (9). In brief, the indication for definite myocardial infarction (MI) was typical severe chest pain (lasting at least 30 min and with no definite nonischemic cause) accompanied by new, abnormal, and persistent Q or QS waves; consistent changes in cardiac enzyme levels; or both. If the electrocardiographic and enzyme levels were nondiagnostic or not obtainable, but the patient had typical chest pain, a diagnosis of possible MI was made. In this report, definite and possible infarctions have been combined and categorized as MI. Sudden cardiac death was defined as death within 1 h of symptom onset, a witnessed cardiac arrest, or abrupt collapse preceded by not more than 1 h of symptoms. We defined CHD as MI or sudden cardiac death.
Starting in 1980, we expanded clinical data collected among the study populations to include percutaneous coronary interventions for angiographically documented severe stenosis accompanied by atypical chest pain. Stroke was defined as a constellation of neurological deficits that were sudden or rapid in onset that lasted at least 24 h or until death. For long-term comparability of CHD and stroke incidence, we have used these classical criteria consistently. Final diagnoses of CHD and stroke were made by a panel of 4 study physician epidemiologists, 1 of whom was involved in the diagnostic process throughout the study to avoid the misclassification of diagnoses.
Age-adjusted annual incidence rates for CHD and stroke were calculated from the number of new cases per 100,000 persons during the periods 1964 to 1971, 1972 to 1979, 1980 to 1987, 1988 to 1995, and 1996 to 2003 in both communities. Cases of recurrent CHD and stroke were excluded.
Cardiovascular risk factors were ascertained among a sample of residents during each of the 5 survey periods, 1964 to 1966 (1963 to 1966 for the rural community), 1976 to 1979, 1984 to 1987, 1992 to 1995, and 2000 to 2003. The participants in the risk factor surveys were recruited from all residents who were 40 years old or older in both communities, and the surveys were conducted for the purpose of promoting primary prevention of CVD. The respective participation rates for the urban and rural census population within the target age group were 93% and 87% during 1964 to 1966, 37% and 81% during 1976 to 1979, 31% and 84% during 1984 to 1987, 28% and 68% during 1992 to 1995, and 24% and 61% during 2000 to 2003. The participation rates in the latter 4 periods were lower in an urban population than in a rural population probably because urban residents had more opportunities to undergo medical check-ups other than our risk factor surveys.
The methodological details of risk factor examinations were reported previously (18). The definition of each risk factor was as follows. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg, a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mm Hg, or use of an antihypertensive medication. High total cholesterol was defined as a total cholesterol level of 5.18 mmol/l (200 mg/dl) or more, or use of a lipid-lowering medication. High serum triglyceride (TG) levels were defined as a fasting level ≥1.69 mmol/l (150 mg/dl) or a nonfasting TG level ≥2.82 mmol/l (250 mg/dl). High blood glucose was defined as a fasting glucose level of ≥6.11 mmol/l (110 mg/dl), a nonfasting glucose level of ≥7.77 mmol/l (140 mg/dl), or the use of medication for diabetes. This study was approved by the human ethics review committee of Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion.
To calculate the age-adjusted incidence, we employed the direct standardization method using the age distribution of national model population in 1985. Linear trends in incidence rates were examined with the chi-square test. Age-adjusted means of risk factors were estimated with analysis of covariance and age-adjusted prevalences with the direct method of standardization.
The significance of risk factor trends was examined for continuous variables by using regression analysis for repeated measures (19), with the 5 periods represented as 1965.0, 1977.5, 1985.5, 1993.5, and 2001.5, and for discrete variables by using the chi-square test for trend. Differences in means or proportions were examined with the analysis of covariance or chi-square test. All statistical analyses were performed using the SAS System for Windows (Version 9.1, SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina).
The age-adjusted incidence of CHD among urban men (Table 1) showed an insignificant increase from 1964 to 1971 to 1972 to 1979, followed by a tendency to decline until 1980 to 1987. However, the age-adjusted incidence of CHD started to increase again thereafter (p for trend = 0.045, between 1980 to 1987 and 1996 to 2003). For CHD combined with coronary intervention, the increase between 1980 to 1987 and 1996 to 2003 was even more evident (p for trend = 0.008).
To determine cohort effects qualitatively, we calculated the age-specific incidence of CHD in each study period. The later cohorts tended to have a greater incidence of CHD among urban men; the CHD incidence rates among men ages 40 to 49 years in 1972 to 1979, 50 to 59 years in 1980 to 1987, and 60 to 69 years in 1988 to 1995 were 0, 62, and 108 per 100,000, respectively. The respective incidence rates among urban men ages 40 to 49 years in 1980 to 1987, 50 to 59 years in 1988 to 1995, and 60 to 69 years in 1996 to 2003 were 31, 154, and 186 per 100,000. The incidence of stroke for urban men increased slightly from 1964 to 1971 to 1972 to 1979, and subsequently decreased. Among urban women, the age-adjusted incidence of CHD remained relatively low over time. The trend in the incidence of stroke among urban women was similar to that observed in urban men.
For rural men, the age-adjusted incidence of CHD tended to decrease between the periods from 1972 to 1979 and 1980 to 1987 and demonstrated no consistent change during subsequent periods (Table 2). The incidence of stroke for rural men declined dramatically between 1964 to 1971 and 1972 to 1979, and this decline continued until 1996 to 2003. Rural women showed few occurrences of CHD throughout the 5 survey periods. In addition, the downward trend of the incidence of stroke for rural women was identical to that for rural men.
Comparisons of the age-adjusted incidence of CHD and coronary intervention in urban and rural communities are shown in Figure 1. The CHD incidence tended to be greater among rural than urban men between 1964 to 1971 and 1972 to 1979, although this trend was reversed from the period of 1980 to 1987. The incidence of CHD tended to be greater among urban than rural women over time, although none of the differences was statistically significant. During 1964 to 1971, stroke incidence was significantly greater among rural men and women than urban ones, but the urban-rural difference has become smaller since 1972 to 1979 (Fig. 2).
The mean systolic blood pressure of urban men showed no difference between the periods 1964 to 1966 and 1976 to 1979, then decreased from 1976 to 1979 to 1984 to 1987 and did not show any further decrease thereafter (Table 3). Mean diastolic blood pressure increased between the periods 1984 to 1987 and 1992 to 1995 and remained level during 2000 to 2003. The prevalence of antihypertensive medication use increased significantly between 1964 to 1966 and 1976 to 1979 but did not change thereafter. The prevalence of hypertension declined from 1976 to 1979 to 1984 to 1987, but then increased from 1984 to 1987 to 2000 to 2003. Mean body mass index (BMI) showed significantly upward linear trends from 1976 to 1979 to 2000 to 2003, whereas the prevalence of current smoking and mean alcohol intake decreased with time. Mean total cholesterol levels and the prevalence of high total cholesterol showed a linear increase from 1964 to 1966 throughout 2000 to 2003. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), which was examined only between 2000 and 2003, showed a mean value of 1.46 mmol/l (57 mg/dl; not shown in Table 3). The prevalence of high blood glucose increased between 1984 to 1987 and 1992 to 1995. The prevalence of the use of both lipid-lowering and antidiabetic medications increased with time, although it was much lower than that of antihypertensive medication.
For urban women, the prevalence of hypertension decreased, with downward trends in mean systolic blood pressure documented from 1964 to 1966 to 2000 to 2003. Their mean BMI also decreased over time. Mean total cholesterol and the prevalence of high total cholesterol showed upward trends similar to those for men, with a mean HDL-C level of 1.72 mmol/l (67 mg/dl) during 2000 to 2003. The prevalence of high TG decreased between 1976 to 1979 and 1984 to 1987. There was no significant change in the prevalence of high blood glucose between the periods 1984 to 1987 and 2000 to 2003.
In the rural community, mean systolic blood pressure declined drastically between the periods 1963 to 1966 and 1976 to 1979 with a major increase in the prevalence of antihypertensive medication use by both men and women (Table 4). The downward trend in systolic blood pressure continued until 2000 to 2003. Mean BMI of both men and women increased over time. The prevalence of current smoking by men and mean alcohol intake by both sexes decreased with time. On the other hand, mean total cholesterol levels and the prevalence of high total cholesterol for both genders increased progressively from 1963 to 1966 through 2000 to 2003. The respective mean HDL-C levels for rural men and women in 2000 to 2003 were 1.56 mmol/l (60 mg/dl) and 1.64 mmol/l (64 mg/dl). The prevalence of high TG increased between 1984 to 1987 and 1992 to 1995 for men. The prevalence of high blood glucose among rural men and women did not change between 1984 to 1987 and 2000 to 2003.
We observed a significant increase in the incidence of CHD among urban Japanese middle-aged men between the periods 1980 to 1987 and 1996 to 2003, whereas the CHD incidence decreased slightly between that recorded in the 1972 to 1979 and 1980 to 1987 periods, perhaps in part because of a reduction in mean systolic blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension. Among men, the general increase in CHD from the 1980s onward may be attributable to a concurrent increase in mean total cholesterol level and BMI, followed by an increase in mean diastolic blood pressure and the prevalence of high blood glucose levels in the later periods. One countervailing trend among urban men was a continuing decline in the prevalence of smoking.
In contrast, there was no change in the incidence of CHD among either urban women or rural men and women, despite the same upward trend in total cholesterol levels and prevalence of hypercholesterolemia found among urban men. We speculate that urban women may have lower levels of several risk factors such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, BMI, high TG, blood glucose, and smoking. Lower levels of these risk factors might offset the expected greater incidence of CHD as the result of increased levels of total cholesterol. For rural men and women, the reduction in systolic blood pressure and hypertension was greater and change in total cholesterol and prevalence of high TG were lower than for urban men, which may contribute to the lower incidence of CHD in these 2 groups.
The incidence of stroke declined significantly for men and women of both communities between 1964 to 1971 and 1996 to 2003; however, the decline in stroke incidence was much greater in the rural than the urban community, probably because of the greater decline in blood pressure levels in the rural community. This improvement in blood pressure may be attributable to an increased utilization of antihypertensive medication and a large reduction of sodium intake our group previously reported (18).
The increasing trend in CHD incidence among urban Japanese men that began in the 1980s was in direct contrast to a substantial decrease in CHD mortality and incidence in the U.S. starting in the 1970s (2–4). Nevertheless, the CHD incidence rate among urban Japanese men remains much lower than that observed in several population-based studies in the U.S. The Minnesota Heart Survey (3) of 1995, for example, showed an age-adjusted incidence of hospitalized definite MI of 272 per 100,000 and an out-of-hospital CHD death rate of 491 per 100,000, respectively, for Twin Cities male residents ages 30 to 74 years. Among 35- to 74-year-old black and white men, the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study (4) of 1996 reported rates of 470 and 390 per 100,000, respectively, for age-adjusted hospitalized MI. Although there were differences in time, age distribution, and diagnostic criteria, the most recent incidence of CHD among urban Japanese men in our study was 100 per 100,000.
Because our laboratory has been standardized by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control-National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Lipid Standardization Program (20), comparisons of our data with those from NHANES (U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) (6) are considered valid. It is interesting that recent mean total cholesterol levels of urban Japanese and Americans appear to be similar. However, total cholesterol levels may have a less atherogenic effect on urban Japanese than on their American counterparts. There are 2 reasons for this difference. The first is that urban Japanese show greater levels of HDL-C (1.46 mmol/l for men ages 40 to 69 years in our study vs. 1.19 mmol/l for men ages 50 to 59 years as reported by NHANES). The second is the lower prevalence of lipid-lowering medication usage (3% for men ages 40 to 69 years in our study, vs. 12% for men ages 40 to 59 years as reported by NHANES). This discrepancy suggests Japanese doctors see less need for patients to be on lipid-lowering therapy, and support for such clinical decision making would seem to be borne out by the low prevalence of severe hypercholesterolemia and the low incidence of CHD in Japan versus the U.S.
Our study has several limitations. First, although we used the same surveillance system for more than 40 years, the likelihood of diagnosing CHD may have increased with time as the result of improvements in diagnostic procedures, particularly the general use of cardiac enzymes since the 1980s. However, this improvement is unlikely to have had a major impact on our findings because all of the definite MIs in the present study were detected with the use of electrocardiograms, whereas none of them was confirmed based only on positive enzyme values. To avoid misclassification of the diagnoses over time, we have used the consistent ascertainment system and the same diagnostic criteria throughout all study periods.
Second, the participant rate for risk factor surveys has declined markedly in the urban community since the 1970s and in the rural community since the 1990s. Because the participants were generally more health conscious and took better care of themselves for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, we speculate that the actual prevalence of persons having each of the risk factors is likely to be higher than our data indicate. Third, trends in HDL-C, a protective factor for CHD, could not be examined since the systematic measurement of HDL-C only started in 1996.
Our report is the first of a longitudinal community-based study showing a significant increase in the incidence of CHD in Asia. This finding supports the evidence that developing countries globally may face an emerging epidemic of CVD (7,8) as they adopt more Westernized diets and lifestyles, which is an important issue from the point of public health and clinical practice.
The authors thank the municipal authorities, officers, and physicians of Ikawa town, Yao city, and Osaka prefecture, as well as their colleagues in Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion for cooperation with this long-term study.
- American College of Cardiology Foundation
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Tahoe Pines' Jewel | 300 Grand Avenue, Homewood CA
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Video Tour of 300 Grand Avenue

subset: commoncrawl


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Project Description
Somewhere Inside of Happy
'And just like that my boy was gone.'
Maisie Bean is a fighter. A survivor. Seventeen years ago, she went on a first date that went so badly it was enough to put the girl off chips. The marriage that followed was hell but it gave her two children: funny, caring Jeremy and bullish but brilliant Valerie.
Just as it seems everything might finally start going right, sixteen-year-old Jeremy goes missing. The police descend and a media storm swirls, over five days of searching that hurtle towards an inevitable, terrible conclusion.
Maisie is facing another fight, and this time it's the fight of her life. But she's a survivor. Whatever the odds, she'll never give in.
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2018 /5 UltraHD
It's the "Nailed It!" holiday special you've been waiting for, with missing ingredients, impossible asks and desserts that look delightfully sad.
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TV Shows, Food & Travel TV, Reality TV, Competition Reality TV
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Available since Dec 07, 2018.


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Contact Us
Troubleshooting Troubleshooting Cisco IP Telephony & Video (CTCOLLAB) v1.0 is a five-day course that prepares the learner for troubleshooting Cisco Unified Communications Manager, Cisco VCS-C, and Cisco Expressway series in a multisite voice and video network. The course teaches troubleshooting methodology, triage, resources, tools, and fixes at the integrated system or solution level for Cisco Collaboration Solutions. It covers troubleshooting of Cisco Unified Communications Manager, VCS Control and VCS Expressway, issues with Call Setup, issues with ILS, Cisco Unified Communications Manager Mobility Features, Cisco TelePresence Management Suite, and issues with Voice Quality and Media Resources.
The primary target audiences for the course are:
Network administrators and network engineers
CCNP Collaboration candidates
Secondary audiences are:
Systems engineers
Upon completing this course, the learner will be able to meet these overall objectives:
Describe a systematic methodology to troubleshoot issues in Cisco collaboration deployments
Troubleshoot issues that relate to Cisco Unified Communications Manager
Troubleshoot issues that relate to Cisco VCS
Troubleshoot call setup issues
Troubleshoot ILS and GDPR issues
Troubleshoot Cisco Unified Communications Manager mobility features
Troubleshoot issues that relate to Cisco TelePresence Management Suite
Troubleshoot media resource and voice quality issues
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About CANDOMBLÉ (by Mariangela Guimaraes)
Candomblé is a religion that presents a great variety of gods – the orixás – although it is essentially monotheistic, since it believes in Olorum as the only creator of the Earth and the sky, of the orixás and mankind.
The ritual of Candomblé can be seen, from a musical point of view, as a danced oratory: each entity – orixá, exu or erê – has its chants and specific dances. The most cultuated orixás in Brasil are Exu, Ogum, Oxóssi, Ossaim, Oxumaré, Nanã, Logum-Edê, Omolu, Xangô, Iansã, Ewá, Yemanjá, Oxaguiã, Oxalufã, Erê-Ibeji, Oluaê, Irôko, Obá e Oxum.
In spite of being based in the African tradition, Candomblé is a religion born in Brasil with the arrival of the slaves. In that time, it didn't exist in Africa – as it doesn't exist until today – what we call Candomblé, but several different cults coming from different groups and tribes.
Because slaves came from different African nations, Brazilian Afro-religions appeared in different regions of the country with a variety of local rites and names which derivate from different traditions: Candomblé in Bahia, Xangô in Pernambuco and Alagoas, Tambor-de-Mina in Maranhão and Pará, Batuque in Rio Grande do Sul and Macumba in Rio de Janeiro.
What made possible the survival and organization of the black religions in Brasil was the fixation of Africans that arrived in the country in the final years of slavery in the cities and urban occupations. The slaves that came in that period had more mobility and could live in closer contact with others, having an interaction that was not possible for earlier generations of slaves in Brasil, which facilitated the creation of organized groups of cult.
Until the end of the XIX century, these religions, in spite of being consolidated, were still exclusively for black groups descendent from slaves. In the beginning of the XX century, the contact with kardecist spiritualism, that had just arrived from France, made possible the appearance of a new Afro-Brazilian religion: Umbanda. Mixing Christianity, spiritualism and African traditions, Umbanda became popular among other social segments and opened the way for the expansion of religious references brought from Africa to Brazilian society.
Until the 60's, Candomblé was mainly concentrated in Bahia and in a minor scale in Pernambuco and some other places. Since then it started to spread through all Brazilian regions, showing itself as an option of cult for other segments of the population and starting to be seen as a religion for everybody.
Brazilian Cultural Centre A Hora do Brasil is a non-profit organization that aims to be an open space for cultural dialogue, stimulating all manifestations of Brazilian art and culture in the Netherlands and offering a forum where discussions can take place and ideas can be exchanged, showing the essence of Brazilian culture and its diversity.
THE YEMANJÁ FEAST (by Neyde Lantyer)
Brazil's first capital, Salvador da Bahia, was once the most important harbor of South Atlantic. Functioning as the cultural and commercial connection between Europe and the colonies, the city was the major receptor of the slavery traffic and it has became the blackest city in Brazil and the biggest black city in the world outside Africa. Today in Salvador, side by side with 365 catholic churches – one for each day of the year as the legend says – there are approximately the same amount of terreiros de candomblé. Among many other expressions of the black culture in the city life, the festas de bairro are vivid illustrations of the people's faith in the orixás of candomblé – mostly in syncretism with the catholic saints. During the whole year, festivities to the orixás take place in different areas of the city. The Yemanjá Feast, in Rio Vermelho, is one of the most popular.
For more then a hundred years, on February 2nd, the fishermen bring their presents and prayers to celebrate Yemanjá, the queen of the sea. Currently, there are still fishermen who organize the Yemanjá Feast, which became tremendously popular, concentrating a big crowd in the whole area of Rio Vermelho. Dressed in white, people of all classes and backgrounds bring their presents to the saint or orixá : flowers, perfumes, mirrors, necklaces and dolls are the preferred ones. Celebrating the sea is a must, once it is - together with femininity and motherhood - the symbol of Yemanjá.
From early in the morning and throughout the whole day long lines are formed to bring presents to the place called barracão, where the mães-de-santo – the high priestesses of Candomblé – give blesses with água-de-cheiro and arrange flowers and other gifts in big baskets. The feast evolves with the gathering of the crowd around the small bay of Rio Vermelho, while several groups turn up bringing statues, big shells and vases of flowers. People pray, dance, make reverences and sometimes incorporate the orixá. In the afternoon, the big baskets with flowers and other presents are placed in boats to be delivered to the sea.
The climax happens at 5:00 pm when the boats leave to release the baskets in the water. At that moment, all eyes are turned to the sea, hands wave white tissues and there is a collective emotion with everybody praying together for peace and happiness. Side by side with the religious demonstrations there is a profane feast : blocos, bands and afoxés from the whole city come to make their homage, people dance and drink. After 5:00 pm, also the religious ones dance and have fun. The feast becomes then a completely profane celebration.
LECTURE: "Picturing the sacred and the secret" by Dutch anthropologist Mattijs van de Port
EXHIBITION: "Festa de Yemanjá" slideshow and photo-exhibition by Brazilian photographer Chico Colombo
"Yemanjá" video by Brazilian choreographer and video-artist Sérgio Ulhõ
"Black Atlantic, on the Orixás' route" Film documentary by Brazilian filmmaker Renato Barbieri and historian Victor Leonardi
Candomblé in the Camera was organized by journalist Mariangêla Guimarães and visual artist Neyde Lantyer for A Hora do Brasil Foundation
Layout: Chico Colombo


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Sold by each.
The popularity of the Smoky Quartz Crystal is due not only to its gorgeous look, but also to its affordability and the energy it provides. Grounding in an uplifting kind of way, the Smoky Quartz also provides a subtle energy of protection and balance.
Approximate size: 2" to 3.5" tall.


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DEAR ABBY: I recently met this guy. He's unbelievable! He is sweet, charming and loving. We went to the same high school, but I didn't know him very well then. He tells me he's infatuated with me and can't stop thinking about me. He says he prides himself on being in control, but when he's with me he feels completely out of control.
We really don't date because he goes to law school three hours from my home.
He tells me all the time I have nothing to worry about because he would give me anything I want. He buys me beautiful gifts.
There is only one thing that troubles me. He has a girlfriend. He has been with her for five years. I know he loves her, but I wonder how that can be if he comes around to see me. He says he's working on breaking it off with her, but he has to take it slow. Last night he said if everything is "meant to be" it will happen, and to just follow my heart.
Abby, I'm trying not to, but I'm starting to fall hard for him. I told him I didn't want to share him. He says he totally understands how I feel. Should I continue seeing him and wait to see what happens, or break it off now? -- CONFUSED VIRGINIA TEEN
DEAR CONFUSED: You are an intelligent young woman. You can see that although this young man is sweet, charming and adorable, he isn't completely honest. A five-year involvement is usually a serious one -- so someone is going to be hurt. I don't want it to be you.
The next time you see him, remind him that he told you he'd give you "anything you want." Tell him what you want is for him to do the honest thing and inform the lady he's been seeing that he's met someone. His reaction will tell you everything you need to know about his level of sincerity.
DEAR ABBY: You frequently address family-gathering issues in your column. Last year I had the best holiday season since my childhood, and all because I declined every invitation I received.
My husband, our two children and I stayed home for Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year's. What a stress-free experience it was! No pressure, no uncomfortable conversations, no fights -- just relaxing, delicious meals. Please pass this idea along to your readers: It is OK to decline invitations. -- COLLEEN IN WILLOWICK, OHIO
DEAR COLLEEN: I'm pleased to do so, bearing in mind the old saying, "Different strokes for different folks." Every year at holiday time I receive letters from conflicted readers who are under pressure from parents and in-laws to spend the holidays with one side of the family or the other. While those traditions can be rich and fulfilling, I advise them that it's equally important to establish family traditions of their own. Alternating holidays with extended family can also provide emotional dividends.
CONFIDENTIAL TO "WANTS TO GET RICH QUICK" IN NEVADA: The slots are not the answer to your dreams -- gamblers usually lose because the odds are not in their favor. The quickest way to double your money is to fold it in half and put it back in your pocket.
Abby shares her favorite recipes in two booklets: "Abby's Favorite Recipes" and "Abby's More Favorite Recipes." To order, send a business-size, self-addressed envelope, plus check or money order for $3.95 per booklet ($4.50 each in Canada) to: Dear Abby Cookbooklets I and II, P.O. Box 447, Mount Morris, IL 61054-0447. (Postage is included in price.)
4520 Main St., Kansas City, Mo. 64111; (816) 932-6600


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In the first of a new series taking a look at what mums out and about are wearing, we meet Ali, a mum of 2 and find out her top shops for mums and their sons.
The £2.99 wear anywhere skirt
It's £2.99, it comes in five colours and it's totally wearable. This is the skirt your wardrobe wants and cocomama shows you how to wear it…
Steal her style: Beyoncé
Beyoncé shows how to do laid-back luxe day wear, mama-style in a muted palette accented with coral and leopard print…
Instantly rise in the chic stakes with the must-have addition to any mama's wardrobe.


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Uppercase Old English Lettering Stencil - 30mm
- Brand: TechTools
Stencil the entire alphabet into your artwork with 30mm Old English Lettering Stencil! Featuring an assortment of Old English letters, this stencil is the perfect way for you to bring some structure and shape to your crafts. Use this stencil for drawing, painting, drafting, crafting, and so much more!
- Length: 6"
- Width: 10"
- Uppercase: A-Z
- Symbols: & ? ! : " -
Package includes 1 stencil.
Item not available in Hobby Lobby Stores.
Check your local store for availability.
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citrus & salt
Virtual Classes
Contact Us
keep Connected
with a
Virtual Cooking class
How does it work?
Join us for a 2 hour LIVE cooking experience from the comfort of your own home.
Classes are just $25--- what are you waiting for?
Let's get cooking
.Choose a date
Click the Register button below to choose a date and menu that works for you.
If you'd like to schedule a private class for your family, a group of friends or a team ( you can all be at your own homes!), be in touch directly.
Register Now
To register, follow the checkout intructions just as your would any other online shopping experience.
.Get ready for your class
Once you've registered for your class, you will receive an email with all of the Live streaming info and a list of ingredients we will be using --PLUS some fun to videos, drink pairings and music selections!
us in
These days in Israel we have to stay inside our homes, but that doesn't mean I don't explore. I use the kitchen as a way to escape to other countries and cultures, creating beautiful and delicious dishes to share with my family.
I invite you to join me on my adventures. Together we will learn a menu of your choosing that will transport you to my home in Tel Aviv.
During the class students are likely to meet my two sous-chefs, my husband, Itay and baby Lavi. We hope that whoever you are with will get to enjoy our creations as well :)
Sign up


text: Submitted by tara.granke on Wed, 2015-07-29 09:18 Conservation TU Teens Youth Camps & Academies Vote Up Down +345 + ZachBrookie.jpg This is the first installment in a series of reflections on the 4th annual Teen Summit. Zachary joined 24 other exemplary teens for the 4th annual Teen Summit in Cullowhee, NC to participate in leadership sessions, conservation activities, and fly fishing. Next year, Zach will be attending Rio Grande University in Rio Grande, OH. We will miss him as a TU Teen but look forward to hearing more from him as TU member in the future. Zach is pictured above catching a brookie on a small headwater stream of the Tuckaseegee. By Zachary Test The 2015 TU Teen summit was truly a great experience full of life long friends and memories. During the summit, I was able to enjoy the company of many people around the country and share our alike passions and stories. There were many opportunities for me to speak one-on-one with the many different instructors that presented at the summit. Among these were people from different professions, such as fisheries biologists, natural resources conservationists, aquatic organism passage specialists, and even representatives from sportswear companies. Eventhough they are in very different occupations, they share similar passions to preserve our cold watersheds. I am saddened that I will soon age out of TU Teens. Yet many other opportunities await me. I will be starting a 5 Rivers chapter in Gallipolis as well as continuing to help our local TU Teens chapter. It was an honor to attend the Summit this year in my favorite place to vacation: the Great Smoky and Blue Ridge Mountains. I enjoyed learning of the local culture and history. I look forward to what awaits my future and the future of our natural world.


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Mr. Hudson and Vic Mensa are no strangers to each other. The two have worked on together in the past, most recently on Vic's The Manuscript EP on "Almost There." Today, Vic returns the favor and lends his vocals to Mr Hudson for on "Coldplay."
Vic Mensa and Mr. Hudson connect for a song perfect for a cold and rainy day. Mr Hudson kicks off with his vocals over the stripped down production that's led without any percussion at first. The title is very fitting, it has a Coldplay inspired sound from earlier in their career, despite the fact both artists admit to their dislike for the group at separate points in the song. Vic Mensa later comes in with his own verse. He starts off on a more mellow tip but his tone gets more aggressive as he continues. It's a solid collab between both artists and hopefully, this is an indication of more music from Mr Hudson in the near future.
Quotable Lyrics
I left you in tears at the airport
Cryin' inside but I ain't make a sound
It's ironic not even TSA can save us now
She breakin' down, we breakin up, my lady luck


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LONDON — Unemployment in the UK fell once again in March, according to the latest data released by the Office for National Statistics on Wednesday.
Headline unemployment fell was 4.7% in the month, in line with the forecasts of economists and the same as in February, but there were 45,000 fewer people unemployed, the ONS said.
According to an ONS release:
"Estimates from the Labour Force Survey show that, between September to November 2016 and the three months to February 2017, the number of people in work increased, the number of unemployed people fell, and the number of people aged from 16 to 64 not working and not seeking or available to work (economically inactive) also fell."
"There were 1.56 million unemployed people (people not in work but seeking and available to work), 45,000 fewer than for September to November 2016 and 141,000 fewer than for a year earlier."
Headline employment remained unchanged at 74.6% in the month, equalling a record high set in both January and February, but not seen before that since records began in 1971.
More follows …
More from Business Insider UK:
- Skype's billionaire cofounder has backed a luxury shower startup that recycles your dirty water
- British MPs are 'deeply concerned' that the Brexit referendum may have been compromised by a foreign power
- British supermarkets are quietly hitting consumers with big price rises to offset the damage of Brexit
- Britain's refusal to pay a £50 billion Brexit divorce bill could have an unexpected negative impact on the EU
- Letter found near Dortmund bus explosion says athletes and celebrities are on a 'death list of the Islamic State'
NOW WATCH: HBS professor on Wells Fargo: 'Clawbacks are nice but they're not really solving the problem in a deep way'
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Returns and Replacements
Your satisfaction is important to us. If you are not 100% satisfied with your purchase, we'll find a solution for you! Because of the variety of products Golf Avenue offers, different product types are subject to different policies.
All refurbished golf clubs (any golf club that is not listed under the condition "NEW"), can be returned hassle-free for a full refund or exchanged for a Golf Avenue store credit within 30 days of receipt. If, for whatever reason, the 30-day deadline is missed, Golf Avenue will still accommodate the return for up to 45 days but will apply a 15% restocking fee.
All brand new golf clubs (any golf club that is sold under the condition "new"), can also be returned for a full refund or exchanged for store credit within 30 days of receipt, as long as the golf club has not been used (i.e. it has not been hit or removed from its original packaging). If the club has been removed from its packaging or tried out, Golf Avenue will still accommodate the return, but will apply a minimum 25% restocking fee (any additional restocking fee will be decided upon inspection of the club's condition and the delay of the return.)
All clothing and footwear (tops, bottoms, headwear, outerwear and golf shoes), can be returned for a full refund or exchanged for store credit within 30 days of receipt, as long as its original tags have not been removed and the item hasn't been worn.
All other items (including, but not limited to, golf bags, golf carts, golf balls, accessories, rangefinders and GPS watches), are final sale. However, if the product is shipped to you with any defects or imperfections, please contact our customer service team and we will be happy to find a solution for you.
Additional information on shipping returns:
If you would like to initiate a return, please contact one of our customer service representatives now to get a return authorization and return instructions.
Please note that:
* Unless the return is initiated due to an error caused by Golf Avenue or a defective product, the customer is responsible for covering return shipping fees and insurance. We strongly suggest obtaining a tracking number when shipping a return.
* In the event of a refund for an item that was purchased with a promotion (such as Free Shipping), we will refund the total price of the item, minus the shipping charges related to this item.


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Chery Shooting Sport Concept to be Unveiled at Shanghai Auto Show
Following an intense training course in the fine art of Chinese I have found I am no nearer understanding the language. Fortunately the guys over at Autoblog Chinese appear to have a better understanding than I do and have dug up sketches of one of the most anticipated concepts of the Shanghai Auto Show named the Chery Shooting Sport Concept. Autoblog believes the style is very similar to the Renault Clio Grand Tour Concept, which we tend to agree, however lets not forget the Audi Shooting Brake Concept from the 2005 Tokyo Auto Show which also has similar styling (and a similar name). But which ever this car is based on, it seems set to be just another chinese copycat vehicle. More sketches after the jump.


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It's almost as if Nykaa.com heard my inside voice when it announced it's very own Black Friday Sale from November 24 (i.e. today) till November 27. You no longer have to go through FOMO about missing out great deals your friends in the US are raving about. That's right, we may not be celebrating Thanksgiving, but we do have a reason to be thankful.
Here are some of my favourite products that just went on sale.
Olay Total Effects 7 In One Anti-Ageing Cream Normal Day SPF 15
I never start my make-up without a face cream. Having grown up using my mom's Olay cream, I've grown quite used to it. With niacinamide and other vitamins, this cream is both hydrating and corrective.
What are you buying on Nykaa.com? Let us know in the comments below!


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2019 Board of Directors Election Results
RSU1 Info
Wednesday, November 06, 2019
The election results for November 5th, 2019 have been received. Congratulations to Lorna Ryan who will be the new at-large school board member starting in January. Thank you to Alan Walton for 8 years of service to the students and community of RSU1. Also, congratulations to Anita Brown as she was re-elected as the Arrowsic representative.
View the complete 2019 Board of Directors Election Results


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Two Rare Texas Plants Get Listing Nod
WASHINGTON (CN) – The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has proposed endangered status for the very rare Texas golden gladecress and threatened status for the large-flowered Neches River rose-mallow.
Click here to check out Courthouse News' Environmental Law Review.
The USFWS also has proposed over 1500 combined acres of critical habitat for the species under the Endangered Species Act.
The proposed rule is part of a 2011 court settlement between the USFWS and environmental groups that expedites federal protection decisions for 757 species across the country, according to a Center for Biological Diversity press release.
The USFWS identified both plants as listing candidates in 1997, but further action was stalled by "higher listing priorities," according to the proposed action.
The gladecress is an annual mustard family plant just under 4 inches tall that requires shallow soil habitat with a high calcium content, such as limestone. Typical habitats for gladecress are extremely wet in the winter and parched in the summer, the regulation states. The mallow, in contrast, is a creamy-flowered perennial in the Hibiscus family growing over 7 feet tall, and found in water-saturated soils.
The gladecress faces challenges from habitat loss due to quarrying, natural gas and oil exploration and production, encroachment from other plants, and herbicide use, says the proposal. The mallow habitat is lost or degraded by encroachment from trees, herbicide use, livestock trampling and changes due to seasonal flooding, according to the action. "Both species are also threatened by their small populations, a lack of regulatory mechanisms to protect their remaining habitat, and drought," a WildEarth Guardians press release claims.
Small population size is of particular concern for the gladecress. After 2009, approximately 400 plants in three populations were all that remained of this species, the proposed rule states. The largest population "was lost in 2011 when a pipeline route was constructed directly through it," the action continues. The agency found that the gladecress was in danger of extinction throughout all of its range, and cited the severity and scope of the threat as the reason it proposed the species for endangered listing status.
The agency finds that the mallow meets the definition for a threatened status listing because, even though it faces threats throughout its range, "the natural populations have maintained viable population numbers," and some threats, such as a proposed reservoir construction project, are "not ongoing."
The agency proposes 1,353 acres of critical habitat for the gladecress in four areas of Sabine and San Augustine Counties in east Texas, that are a mix of private and public lands. Only 187 acres have been designated as critical habitat for the mallow in eleven units of mix-ownership lands in five other east Texas counties.
The agency requests information and comments to be used in the formulation of the final rule.
Click the document icon for this regulation and others.


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Be Still Mind & Soul Greeting Card
by Fieldnote
He got up, rebuked the wind and said to the waves, 'Quiet! Be still!' Then the wind died down and it was completely calm. Mark 4:39
Ships from United Kingdom
Ready for dispatch in 1-3 Business Days
- International - £3.50
Free Delivery (UK)
Product description
A prow of a boat on calm waters, a powerful reminder of God's peace and comfort.\
Designed in collaboration with the Mind and Soul Foundation to encourage anyone going through a difficult time mentally and emotionally. Half the profit from the sale of this card goes to supporting their work.
Meet the Maker
Nautically inspired black and white photographic Christian greeting cards to uplift and inspire.
Having spent five years working in fishing villages along the coast of the UK documenting the lifestyle of coastal communities from North East Scotland to the southernmost tip of Cornwall, I have collected a body of nautically-inspired black and white photographs. First exhibited in the Fisheries Museum in Anstruther, then featured in a celebrity chef cookery book 'Best of British Fish', I am now super excited to be reproducing them as monochrome Christian greeting cards and prints of encouragement as the FieldNote.
Forever inspired by all things maritime, as well as being a great fan of Bible verses and the greats of literature, my hope is that the combination of both will inspire, uplift and bring a little saltiness to your world.
I'm also honoured to collaborate with the brilliant Mind and Soul Foundation www.mindandsoulfoundation.org to bring you a collection of cards, framed prints and bookmarks aimed at encouraging and supporting those close to us going through a tough time mentally and emotionally. Check out the Mind and Soul Fieldnote range, where fifty percent of profits directly supports the charity's valuable work in the area of mental health.


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We are most grateful to our Novena presenters Mary Anne Sladich-Lantz & Fr. Mike Moynahan,SJ and to our Missoula Community for joining each day in prayer. To view photos
"To be grateful is to recognize the Love of God in everything He has given us – and He has given us everything…" Thomas Merton


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In this week's edition of Ottawa Day Trips, we visit Big Sky Ranch Animal Sanctuary, the Canada Agriculture Museum, Valleyview Little Animal Farm, Papanack Park Zoo and the Wild Bird Care Centre.
Although Ottawa lacks a major zoo, there are still a variety of places where you and the kids can meet some animals. Here's a look at five places in or near Ottawa that are fun to visit.
1. Big Sky Ranch Animal Sanctuary
What's there? This 25-acre farm is devoted to caring for and rehabilitating abused and unwanted animals. While it was set up mostly to care for farm animals, you will find a wide assortment of critters including bison, horses, a yak, a donkey, an enormous turkey, some giant pigs, llamas, a deer, an emu and many birds, cats and dogs. The ranch is a registered charity with a no-kill policy which has helped more than 1,500 animals since it began in 2007. There were roughly 80 animals (including birds) on site when we visited this spring.
Anything else? Be prepared to be greeted by barking dogs when you get out of your car. They were friendly but big enough that they could scare children (and adults) if visitors are not prepared. The place is casual, with no entrance gate, parking fee or tickets to be purchased. Visitors just park on site and walk around the pens, barns and stalls. I was told volunteers will provide tours if they have time but we managed just fine by wandering around on our own and asking a few questions as we went.
The details: Big Sky Ranch is open to visitors Tuesday to Friday from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. and Saturday and Sunday from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. Admission is free but donations are gratefully accepted. In addition to money, Big Sky Ranch's website lists donated items it needs (www.bigskyranch.ca). The ranch is at 810 Pelton Rd. in Pelton's Corner, near Kemptville, about 80 kilometres southwest of central Ottawa.
2. Canada Agriculture Museum
What's there? This is a great place in town to take kids to see some of the workings of a real dairy farm, as well as to see goats, chickens, sheep and horses of various breeds. With some planning, you can watch demonstrations of cow milking, egg gathering and other special demonstrations the museum staff puts on to help explain farms to city folk.
Anything else? There's a nice playground with farm-themed equipment (tractors and pigs to ride on) that is great for smaller children with energy to burn. For older ones more interested how energy is harnessed, there's an Energy Park where children and youth can try to pump water faster than a windmill or explore how solar energy can power equipment. Be sure and check the schedule for things like crafts and special demonstrations.
The details: Open daily 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Admission, $9 adults, $6 children 3-12, discounts for students, seniors and admission through family package. Location, 861 Prince of Wales Dr. (between the traffic circle and Baseline Road).
3. Valleyview Little Animal Farm
What's there? This working farm, also in town, has been turned into a fun attraction for small fry. It has a little barn with small goats, sheep and pigs that children can pet and feed if they want. (Feed pellets are sold from a machine for 25 cents for a small handful.) Larger animals, including peacocks, emu, deer, llamas and donkeys are outside. There are several buildings with antique farm equipment and a free, but very short, tractor-pulled ride around corn and wheat fields. Several large playgrounds with farm-themed rides were a big hit with the four-year-old who was with us.
Anything else? There are puppet shows several times a day, a café and gift shop. The area where animals can be seen is quite small, so most little ones should be able to manage a tour of the barn and outside animal pens quite well, but older children may find they prefer a larger place with more to see and do.
The details: Open Tuesday to Friday 9:30 a.m. to 3 p.m., Saturday and Sunday 9:30 a.m. to 4 p.m. Closed Mondays, except for holidays. Admission is $8 for everyone age 2 and older. Located at: 4750 Fallowfield Rd., in the Nepean area of Ottawa. Website: www.vvlittleanimalfarm.com, phone 613-591-1126.
4. Papanack Park Zoo
What's there? Around 600 to 700 animals, including zoo favourites like lions, tigers, monkeys, baboons, wolves, exotic birds and more on 35 acres that are open to the public (other areas used for animals requiring special care are off limits). The place is relatively big so plan to spend a few hours here, at a minimum. Check with the staff about feeding schedules for various animals. There is zebra food for sale so visitors can feed the striped animals that happily come to the fence.
Anything else? Plan to visit on days when it is not too hot. If it is 30 degrees, animals will stay near the back of their enclosures where both water and shade is provided. Also, some animals are on loan for a breeding program, so you may not see the same animals on each visit. There is a gift shop and picnic area. In July and August, a snack bar is open 11 a.m. to 4 p.m.
The details: Located at 150 County Road 19, Wendover, Ont., about 55 kilometres east of downtown Ottawa along Highway 174. Admission: adults $17.50; seniors $14; children 6-18 years $10; those 2-5 years $8, under 2 years, free. Open May 19 through June 30, 11 a.m. to 4 p.m.; July 1 through Labour Day open 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. For more information visit www.papanack.com or call 613-673-7275.
5. Wild Bird Care Centre
What's there? Injured and abandoned or orphaned birds of many types are cared for at the Wild Bird Care Centre but the type and numbers vary. The day we stopped by, there were some newly hatched babies which a volunteer held up to the window of the incubator room so we could get a good look. There was also a turkey vulture with a broken wing, ducks swimming in a bathtub and lots of other birds including finches and sparrows. Birds return to the wild as soon as they are able to care for themselves.
Anything else? We did a self-guided tour around the five rooms where birds are cared for but there were staff and volunteers around to answer our questions. Signs on the windows of each room explain a bit about the types of birds kept there. On our way out we purchased a small bag of bird seed for $1 and walked a trail behind the centre to a lookout over a pond. There friendly black-capped chickadees will happily eat from your hand.
The details: There is no admission charge to the Wild Bird Care Centre, although donations are welcome. The place is small, so combining it with a hike to look for and feed wild birds is very possible in a morning or afternoon outing. Visitors are asked to use the P8 parking lot at Stony Swamp Conservation Area, which is off Moodie Drive, just south of the Moodie Drive and Hunt Club intersection. The centre is open to the public daily from noon to 3 p.m. Web address http://www.wildbirdcarecentre.org and phone is 613-828-2849.


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Go Go Fitness Friday!
Go.Go.Go.Go.Go.Go.Go! That's how my life is feeling lately. I'm not complaining, no said it's a bad thing but it does mean I'm tired and ready for Sunday where the only thing on my agenda is hot yoga. Well…that and some local music radio shows in the evening. Like I said, go.go.go.go! 😉 Regardless, I've stayed active this week… Read more »


text: 11 of the Most Amazing and Unusual Homes You'll Ever See What is the most unusual home you have ever lived in? Many of us only know what it is like to live in stucco or brick buildings, with everyday walls, windows, and doors. But there are houses all over the Continue reading... Leave a comment


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I only managed a small profit from my fourth deposit bonus but I was happy to wait a few days for the money to be returned to me so I could put it back in to Luxury for my 100% match. I figured I'd go for the maximum bonus possible this time which was £150 for a starting balance of £300 and a wagering requirement of £4500 - really not too scary but certainly a good nights play depending on betsize, possibly even a full weekend I'm sure for some players.
I was obviously hoping for an early boost so went for some high variance games including Thunderstruck2 and Megaspin Break Da Bank Again, chewing through my first £50 in record time. I decided to lower my betsize a little and of course immediately hit a huge bonus round... why does that always happen!
One of the downsides of starting at a new casino with many Microgaming slots is that many of the bonus modes are locked until you have managed to catch the scatter symbols several times. I'd managed to unlock all the different options in The Finer Reels of Life so switched to that game rather than continuing with Thunderstruck2, although playing with a bonus is definitely a good opportunity to get these features unlocked with the minimum personal investment.
At the end of my first evening I had only cleared roughly half of the wagering requirement - there's no way to get an exact figure at these casinos other than asking support and I don't really see much point bothering them when you can get a rough idea of your remaining wagering by hovering over your balance in the bottom left hand corner which reveals what portion of your balance is currently cash and which is still reserved as bonus.
I came back a couple of days later feeling charged and ready to win, and although things started off slowly I eventually had an awesome hit on the Sofia running wilds feature in Playboy which boosted my balance enough to see me through the wagering and finally make a decent sized withdrawal of £500.
I had a great time playing through these bonuses at Luxury and the experience really reminded me a lot of why these Microgaming downloads used to be some of my absolute favourite casinos. Sure, the game selections are a bit limited now and the withdrawal times are not the best but when it comes to the welcome bonus package on offer here, it really is as good a deal as you will get anywhere especially at an MG download and I think Casino Rewards deserve credit for that.


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We are now less than a month away from the election.
Tonight, legislative candidates from Sedgwick County made up a panel, talking about the state's criminal justice system.
Several Senate and House candidates spoke to the crowd, of about a hundred people, voicing their thoughts on reforming the current criminal justice system in Kansas.
According to smartjusticekansas.org, the state's crime rate has consistently decreased, but the prison population has gone up.
The group cited numbers, saying the Kansas prison population has quadrupled from 2,300 in 1978, to 9,700 in 2014.
It's something both Republican and Democratic candidates touted as a problem.
Another issue that was brought up was that the state currently doesn't do enough to prepare prisoners for life after prison.
Republican Jim Price and Democrat Lynn Rogers were a part of the Senate panel.
Both Price and Rogers are running for the Senate District 25 seat.
That seat is vacant after incumbent Sen. Michael O'Donnell chose not to run for re-election.
Both Price and Rogers agree changes need to be made.
"Why don't we look to the churches and the charities and the organizations that are already here and say hey, can you help us out, can you help us get these guys, either keep them out of trouble or when they get back, lets get them back into society where they belong," said Price.
It's something that Rogers doesn't necessarily agree is the right solution.
"My opponent made a big point that our community needs to come together to fix this and we do, but the problem is bigger than charities and churches,there is a role that the state has to play and we need to do things better, because the cost falls on the state," said Rogers.
The event was sponsored by Kansans for Smart Justice.
They held a series of candidate forums across the state in the past month, all focused on smart justice reform.
To read the original article from KSN, click here.


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What is Progressive Web App / PWA?
Progressive web app or PWA is a way, in which we provide various features like push notification, background sync, home screen button to our users for better web experience or can say App-like experience with the web. The Progressive Web Application is lightning fast in compared to the normal website of our application.
Why do we need to use this?
At this time of Web + Mobile era where users are mostly dependent on their devices and even on Mobile (80% of internet users own a smartphone) very much, we can not ignore any kind of platforms. If we are losing focus on any platform then surely we are going to lose against our competitor. Regardless this there can be various other things which can be the reason of less traffic to our website. Like if our website has large css, js files, too many images, various font families (which we don't want to need but we have to add them) or users have a low internet connection (it's not their fault because in last Boss and Customers are always right 😉 ) etc. Whatever the reason, it's going to haunt us in terms of revenue. As a user of any website in terms of these cases then surely these will be my point of view –
As a Customer point of view
Customer/ Users are the souls of any website if they aren't there, we are already dead or if not then we will be soon. 53% of users will abandon a site if it takes longer than 3 seconds to load! And once loaded, they expect them to be fast, no janky scrolling or slow to respond interfaces. So we can think, how much the expectations of customers increases with our competitors as well. It's pretty simple, customers want fast response other things to come later like if we are giving Iphone7 for 1$ but if the page is not opening then no one is going/able to buy it. If we aren't filling all blanks at this time of tech era then we can't earn 121bn yuan ($18 billion) in a single day.
As a Developer/ Owner point of view
As a developer, what is the most basic problem we faced? According to me, it's the SPEED of our website, how fast are we serving customer requests? If web response is fast (I am talking about mostly front data like HTML/CSS or static data) then obviously customer going to stay longer else they are going to surf another site within minutes, it's like smoking, we don't know how much dangerous it's now but in the last, we are dead so does our website.
So developer wants a way to speed up things and there are plenty of options to do it like caching our static content into the browser cache using setting parameters in the header from the server script or using another way but really is it the best way? What if, we want to update something just after the previous update? Do we really need to store all kind of data in the cache, like I normally used MySql for the database so obviously, I will prefer some kind of database if browser provides any? and can I store in it easily?
So if I told you that we can solve these things with PWA then how is it :). Before that let's check, what is it actually or what is behind it?
What is it?
Like I wrote PWA is a way to get a mobile application like web experience but what's behind of this big concept. It's Service Worker (with silent happiness 🙂 ). Actually, as a developer what problem I faced, mostly was that I was unable to hack request if any browser was sending it to the server or was missing the single point for it 😐 here comes the Service Worker. Service worker is a kind of proxy server between the server and user browser. Everything will pass to it if someone is requesting and we can manipulate those requests and their response as well.
So Service worker provides us a way to do these things with few lines of javascript code. Basic syntax is like this
/** * Webkul Software. * * @category Webkul, Uvdesk * @package Webkul_UVdesk_PWA * @author Nikhil * @copyright Copyright (c) 2010-2016 Webkul Software Private Limited (https://webkul.com) * @license https://store.webkul.com/license.html */ // Few listener for PWA/service worker with registering service worker if ('serviceWorker' in navigator) { navigator.serviceWorker.register('/sw.js').then(function(reg) { //our service worker code }) navigator.serviceWorker.addEventListener('controllerchange', function() { }); navigator.serviceWorker.addEventListener('statechange', function() { }); //our other service worker code }
What can we do with it (Service worker)?
With the help of Service Worker, we can do pretty much everything which we weren't able to do, previously. With help of service worker, we can completely operate on browser like caching our content, storing data into IndexedDB and other operation as well.
We can provide Web manifest to the user for the application like experience. In this image, we can see UVdesk icon on the mobile home page
With help of it, we can completely browse UVdesk like we are viewing it, in the application.
Ticket list view
Plus, we can send Push notifications to our users, can serve them responses if user network isn't working properly (using caching or other we added earlier).
Without the Internet but didn't cache data yet
Without the Internet but serving data from Service Worker
We can provide notification to the user to update if we updated some content which is cached in the user browser.
What's next?
Yes, of course, there is always something next, nothing is completed. In next one, we are going to see actually, how we build this for UVdesk and what are the problems we faced? Thank you for your time.
If you have any query, feel free to contact us here firstname.lastname@example.com
Are there any examples of it?
Of course, without example, how are we going to learn? These are few links which I used in learning and at the time of writing.
and great one Jake Archibald


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Kool-Aid Jammers Tropical Punch Flavored Drink
10 ct / 6 fl ozUPC: 0004300002825
Purchase Options
Located in Aisle 8 in Your Store
Located in Aisle 8
Kool Aid Jammers Tropical Punch Flavored Drink is gushing with juicy tropical punch flavor. This refreshing kids' tropical punch drink is an excellent source of Vitamin C, and is an excellent way to treat your family to some delicious fun. These red tropical punch drink pouches are packaged in a convenient easy-open fridge pack that helps keep your refrigerator neat and organized. This 60 fluid ounce case of tropical punch drink pouches is great for enjoying at home or at work, and they're perfect for packing in school lunches.


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This journal is a peer reviewed, open access journal.
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All articles published open access will be immediately and permanently free for everyone to read, download, copy and distribute. Permitted reuse is defined by your choice of one of the following user licenses:Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA): for non-commercial purposes, lets others distribute and copy the article, to create extracts, abstracts and other revised versions, adaptations or derivative works of or from an article (such as a translation), to include in a collective work (such as an anthology), to text and data mine the article, as long as they credit the author(s), do not represent the author as endorsing their adaptation of the article, do not modify the article in such a way as to damage the author's honor or reputation, and license their new adaptations or creations under identical terms (CC BY NC SA).
Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND): for non-commercial purposes, lets others distribute and copy the article, and to include in a collective work (such as an anthology), as long as they credit the author(s) and provided they do not alter or modify the article.If you need to comply with your funding body policy you can apply for a CC BY license after your manuscript is accepted for publication.
Open Access Publication FeeAs an open access journal with no subscription charges, a fee is payable by the author or research funder to cover the costs associated with publication. This ensures your article will be immediately and permanently free to access by everyone. The gold open access publication fee for this journal is USD 2500, excluding taxes.
For articles submitted before 31 December 2020 there is a 50% introduction discount.
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We automatically apply Article Publishing Charge waivers or discounts to those articles in gold open access journals for which all authors are based in a country eligible for the Research4Life program.
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Elsevier has established agreements with funding bodies, including Wellcome Trust and Research Councils UK. This ensures authors can comply with funding body open access policies and may also be reimbursed for their publication fees.Author Rights
For open access publishing this journal uses an exclusive licensing agreement. Authors will transfer copyright to Chinese Medical Association, but will have the right to share their article in the same way permitted to third parties under the relevant user license, as well as certain scholarly usage rights.Elsevier supports responsible sharing
Find out how you can share your research published in Elsevier journals.
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PQE and Why it Matters to Solicitors in Scotland
The term PQE is heavily used within the legal sector in Scotland.
In this article we define what it means, assess its importance, and discuss some important recruitment issues associated with it.
What is PQE?
PQE is an acronym which stands for Post Qualified Experience and relates to the experience built up by a solicitor after she or he has become fully qualified.
Is PQE only used within the legal sector?
No. PQE is also used within the accounting and finance profession, although in this sector more emphasis tends to be placed on role titles and the type of experience acquired.
Law firms, on the other hand, put great store in PQE.
Why do law firms place so much importance on PQE?
The internal structures of private practices are built on PQE. The employment of PQE allows solicitors and their firms to formulate where they sit within the corporate structure:
Solicitor: 1-3 years PQE
Associate: 4-8 years PQE
Senior Solicitor: 3-6 years PQE
Senior Associate: 6-10 years PQE
Partner: 9 years plus
How does PQE relate to salary?
During the first phase of a qualified solicitor's career, salaries tend to increase at an even pace with PQE.
With everything else being equal, increments are made year on year for the first seven years or so.
After this time the relationship becomes less correlated. Beyond seven years careers often diverge.
Highly-talented solicitors may witness their careers accelerating and with it their salaries. Others may see their career trajectory slow to external events, e.g. starting a family.
In terms of PQE, what solicitors are most in demand?
2-6 years PQE.
One big factor in this was Scottish law firms not investing in new trainees during the financial crisis and the recession that followed.
This was exacerbated by the large-scale consolidation which swept the sector as firms explored ways to make efficiency savings.
As a result, the pipeline of 2-6 years PQE solicitors has dwindled. The shortage of solicitors has only been addressed in the last few years.
This has not only made it a challenging recruitment environment for law firms - inhouse employers across the industry have also found it difficult.
3-4 years PQE is the sweet spot for corporates looking to bring legal expertise inhouse.
Solicitors in this bracket are seen as having enough experience in their specialism to add value, but still 'green' enough to adapt to the working practice and environment of a corporate.
I've seen job adverts looking for a certain number of years PQE. Doesn't this contravene employment law?
Yes, under employment law it is illegal and seen as discriminatory to advertise for a candidate with 'x years' of experience.
However, employers quoting PQE in job ads are always careful to state that this is a guide only.
While they may cite 4-5 years PQE, the hiring manager may end up selecting someone with only two years PQE.
So why use PQE at all?
Well, as we've discussed above, PQE is still a useful benchmark for solicitors and law firms.
For example, when recruiting a new solicitor into a team it pays to be mindful of the PQE of existing members.
If a firm hires a solicitor with 7 years PQE for a team consisting of 4-5 years PQE, it could be viewed as creating a block on career progression.
Conversely, if the private practice recruits someone with less PQE but the same salary as the current team, unrest can occur.
PQE is still very important culturally.
Is too much importance placed on PQE?
To some extent, yes.
Employers and recruiters should look at the type of experience not just the length. They should also assess the overall capability of the candidate:
- How do they come across?
- Would they fit in with the culture of the firm?
- Do they offer other valuable skills – business development, managerial, or experience in a particularly niche area?
In a tight, candidate-driven market,
companies need to think more creatively about the type of person who would fulfil the requirements of the role.
Candidates, too, need to think less about PQE and more about what other skills, strengths and capabilities they can offer a business.


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You can look to the future with hope. Interview with Neon Lights
The St. Petersburg electronic duo Neon Lights was created by two music critics Yevgeny Lazarenko and Max Hagen, in response to the many cries of offended musicians "first try, then criticize."
Neon Lights is a vibrant new-wave dance project that sounds equally good both on the festival stage and in the club space, and even from the disc of a beginner DJ in a bar on Dumskaya Street.
On the eve of the band's performance on May 10, BritishWave.ru talked to the musicians in the new club's "Sputnik" hall A2, asking them about festivals, the future of the music scene in Russia, and also learned the formula for a successful group.
Are you worried about the future?
Max Hagen: I worry, even like that. Yesterday I went to the store and wasn't worried, I was terribly paired when I got a cash receipt for some garbage. Today he got even more tired when our keyboard player, returning from a forced link, began to push ideas on how to get to Moscow. I don't know what I was more worried about: about the prices of green peas or about how to get to Moscow.
Evgeny Lazarenko: I have to agree only with a friend. There are two vectors – one to Moscow, and the other to eat. Less and less money, damn it. On the other hand, it is gratifying to see that the concerts of the band Neon Lights can even bring something in your pocket. Although no, there have always been concerts for free, there have been paid ones, now there are simply more. This means that not everything is so bad even in the local showbiz that they can pay groups. You can look to the future with hope.
What can you say about the future of the music scene in Russia? We have some good bands like Mana Island, Tesla Boy, On-The Go …
EL: I recently saw Mana Island at the pre-party "Jazz Manor". Some kind of sweet Pompeya. That's what I don't like about this Moscow indie hip-wave is that they don't have melodies.
M.Kh .: But for my part, I will praise them, because they have a factor of money or an approach to their environment – if Muscovites begin to give out music, then this is already a product at once.
EL: Yes, the quality is great. We are sitting here at home and scratching our heel with an ear. They have global production right away, of course. We only strive for this. But, on the other hand, as it seems to us, the group Neon Lights has something in reserve that can capture attention melodically. I want to believe that there are tunes.
What year is Neon Lights scheduled for Glastonbury?
M.Kh .: To no one. I look at all these points realistically, and Neon Lights's performance at Glastonbury will take place when the British really need something like that. First, it will be necessary to transport someone from Russia for several years, and then we will slip through. But in general, Glastonbury is a celebration of English music, and English music is self-sufficient. There are two main centers of contemporary music in the world: the USA and England, and they themselves are missing. At the same time, when at some parallel European festivals you communicate with the same English … A great story was last year at the Tallinn Music Week festival, when I had a chat with an elderly English friend who, among other things, was manager of Roxy Music in the 1970s. He looked at what was happening at the Von Krahl club with big eyes, and then said: "You know, we English, apparently, are mistaken in thinking that everything happens only with us. We are too tied to our history, and here it turns out that so much is happening in Europe total, and this we don't know. "
EL: Take the wall by force, it seems to me. We will lay bare the spears, we will jump straight to the stage, stabbing everyone who dares to interfere in their path. That's about how we will perform at Glastonbury.
M.Kh .: First of all, let's skip Demi Lovato and Spaniards Neon Lights. Although the latter, I really don't really care.
EL: But it's difficult for us to surpass Demi Lovato, it's not even Glastonbury, it's the American market that dictates to the whole world. Total Dictate of Demi Lovato.
What is the formula for a successful group for you?
EL: This is Demi Lovato (laughs).
M.Kh .: But, in fact, it is not so funny. If we analyze the formula of the same Demi Lovato, a hypothetical successful artist, we will see a clear combination of music, an understanding of where this music and under what conditions it will get, competent business garters and people who will fight for their own income and for you push where necessary. This is the whole formula. It would also be nice to have a certain amount of extra money to arrange, by and large, concerts for the sake of a promo, because without this in any way.
EL: The main thing is what timing and management are divorced about.
M.Kh .: This is the formula for success. Glue all the factors into one thing that will be burned by a laser beam.
EL: Yes, so that all vectors are in the same direction.


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text:
Wild Turkey Master's Keep Decades
Wild Turkey // Kentucky, USA
Following the success of Master's Keep 17 Year, is this yet another limited edition release from the father-and-son master distilling duo, Jimmy and Eddie Russell. With Eddie's promotion in 2015 to work alongside his father, the two have a combined 90 plus years of experience in the bourbon industry. In time for Eddie's 35th anniversary at Wild Turkey, this second edition of Master's Keep bourbon was drawn from a batch of 10 to 20 year old barrels out of the middle and upper floors of the McBrayer Rickhouse, which is located at a lower elevation on the property. Master's Keep Decades is bottled at 52% ABV.
BourbonProduced anywhere in USA; Mash bill of at least 51% corn; aged in new, charred oak containers.
Cask Typenew, charred american oak
Tasting Notes
"A familiar Kentucky nose of caramel, vanilla and butterscotch is joined here by yeasty esters -- clove and brûléed banana, most notably. Onto the tongue drops bold, baking spice and the tannic notes associated with prolonged exposure to oak. The initial heat from this 104 proof liquid calms itself in a lengthy finish where a slight cinnamon streak becomes the star of the show. "


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The winter season
The Grand Massif ski area
The Grand Massif ski area is among the largest landscaped areas of the French Alps. A wide variety of tracks allows everyone to enjoy the pleasures of skiing, whatever its level of practice. 5 resorts make up the Grand Massif ski area: Flaine, Les Carroz, Morillon, Samoens and Sixt Fer à Cheval.
1 day Massif : 42€
1 day Grand Massif : 47€
The charm of Samoëns
In winter, the village is very active and offers all kinds of events: The Christmas market and the arrival of Father Christmas, the New Year's ball, the great Odyssey, the ice rink, bowling …
The after ski:
It is Samoëns village 800 m, not at the foot of the slopes!
It is Samoëns village 800 m, not at the foot of the slopes!
Snowshoeing, ski joering, cross-country skiing, snowmobiling …
The market every Wednesday morning.
And just enjoy the beauty of the area.


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The transactions highlighted below are representative of Greenhill engagements. In addition, the Firm has completed many engagements that were not publicly-disclosed.
The transactions highlighted below are representative of Greenhill engagements. In addition, the Firm has completed many engagements that were not publicly-disclosed.
Advised Alliance Boots plc, the leading international pharmacy-led health and beauty group, on a proposal regarding an offer for the company from a consortium comprising of Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. Ltd. and Stefano Pessina
Advised Gallaher Group plc, the world's fifth largest tobacco company, on a recommended cash offer from Japan Tobacco Inc
Advised and acted as sponsor to GlaxoSmithKline plc, the UK's leading pharmaceutical company, on the buyout of Novartis' 36.5% stake in their Consumer Health Joint Venture
Advised Nestlé on the agreed cash offer for the US pet-food company Ralston Purina
Advised TUI AG on the merger with TUI Travel Plc creating the world's number one integrated leisure tourism business (+Transaction value represents enterprise value of combined entity)
Advising Tesco plc, a leading UK retailer, on the sale of its Thailand and Malaysia businesses to Charoen Pokphand Group, the Thai conglomerate
Advised Diageo on the sale of The Pillsbury Company for $5.1 billion in assumed debt and $5.4 billion in stock to General Mills.
(Spirits Division)
Advised Diageo on its joint agreed bid with Pernod Ricard for Seagram's spirits business.
Advised the management buy-in team on the acquisition by leading institutional investors of AA Limited from Acromas and simultaneous listing on the London Stock Exchange
Advised IFF, a leading innovator of specialty ingredients, on its acquisition of Frutarom, creating a global leader in Taste, Scent and Nutrition
Advised Wella AG, a global market leader in hair care and fragrances, on its sale to The Procter & Gamble Company
Advised Ladbrokes plc, a leading UK betting and gaming company, on the recommended all-share merger with certain businesses of Gala Coral Limited, including Coral Retail, Eurobet Retail and Gala Coral Online
Advised Ladbrokes Coral Group PLC, a leading multi-channel sports betting and gaming company, on a recommended offer from GVC Holdings PLC, a multi-national online sports betting and gaming company
Advised Tesco plc, the UK's leading retailer, on its merger with Booker Group plc, the UK's leading food wholesaler, to create the UK's leading food business
Advised Telecity Group plc, Europe's leading provider of premium carrier-neutral data centres, on a recommended cash and share offer from Equinix, Inc. a leading U.S. provider of colocation data centre services globally
Advised GlaxoSmithKline plc, the UK listed international pharmaceutical and consumer healthcare company, on the divestment of Horlicks and other consumer healthcare nutrition brands to Unilever plc, and on the merger of GSK Consumer Healthcare Limited with Hindustan Unilever Limited
Advised the independent committee of the Board of Directors of Debenhams plc, a leading UK department store chain, with regards to the sale of the company
Provided oversight of the process and an informal second opinion to the senior management of Slough Estates plc
Advised GlaxoSmithKline, the UK listed international pharmaceutical and consumer company, on the sale of its nutritional drinks brands Lucozade and Ribena to Suntory Beverage & Food Ltd
Advised Tesco plc in relation to its acquisition of the 50% interest it does not already own in Tesco Personal Finance Group Limited, a joint venture with The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc. Tesco Personal Finance offers a range of retail insurance and banking products under the Tesco brand
Advised Minerva plc, a property investment and development company, on a recommended offer from a consortium consisting of AREA Property Partners and Delancey Real Estate Asset Management
Advised Dairy Crest Group plc, a producer of leading British food brands and value-added ingredients, on a recommended cash offer for its entire issued share capital from Saputo Inc, one of the top ten dairy processors in the world
Advised The Miller Group, the UK's largest private homebuilder, on the recapitalization of its balance sheet comprising a substantial new equity capital raising and a significant debt for equity swap
Advised Danone, a leading global food & beverage company, on renewing its strategic partnership with Yakult, a global leader in probiotic beverages, as well as the sale of part of its stake in Yakult
(subsidiary of Diageo plc) Advised Diageo plc on sale of Burger King Corporation restaurant system.


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07 5478 8495
About Us
Exploration & Drilling
Contact us
Where Quality & Expertise is the Key
Where Quality & Expertise is the Key
Dependable & Efficient
Water Boring in Sunshine Coast
Gibson Drilling Services has provided high quality production and safe drilling practices throughout QLD and NSW since 2007.
Our reliable team provide proficient drilling in:
Exploration mining
Water bores
Geotechnical mining
As members of the Australian Drilling Industry Association (ADIA) and experts in the water bore and drilling exploration industries, our team is the efficient, safe and high standard choice for your drilling projects in QLD and NSW.
To learn more about our services and the areas we service, give Gibson Drilling Services a call.
Health & Safety Information - HSEC
Health and safety is the top priority of our team and the people we work for. That's why Gibson Drilling Services implements a Safety Management System, consisting of 13 elements that ensure we are committed to effective health and safety procedures. As a result, we have maintained a safety record with no LTI's (Lost Time Injuries).
More Info
Exploration & Drilling
Using mine compliant equipment, Gibson Drilling Services will accurately undertake your individual drilling project with a maximum depth of 700m.
More Info
Geotechnical & Environmental Drilling
For site investigations prior to construction, Gibson Drilling Services uses a Bourne 1250 and Bourne 1000 drill to accurately determine the conditions of your site.
More Info
Water Bores
With a Class 3 waterwell licence and Certificate IV in drilling, Murray Gibson and his team will complete your water bore drill to the highest Australian standard.
More Info
Using industry certified equipment, Gibson Drilling Services offers a comprehensive range of mining gear to cater to your project.


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FREE Service; You will receive email within 1 hour when your order is Ready for Collection. Have your phone with this Ready for Collection email with you. We will hold your order for 2 days. Still can't make it, no problem, no charge.
Leeds Birstall
The LeapReader system helps your child learn to read with confidence by sounding out letters and words in interactive stories and activities. Includes: LeapReader system, built-in rechargeable battery, 10 Learn to Read books, and a downloadable digital content bundle.
EU Warning: Not suitable for children under the age of 3 years due to small parts which could cause a choking hazard.
Supplier Contact Details: firstname.lastname@example.com Supplier Phone: UK: 03306780149 ROI: +443306780149
For full shipping and delivery information please visit Shipping & Delivery. For information on how to return items, please visit Returns Policy