text:
Tom was spending the weekend with his granny Sarah because she hadn't seen him in so long so my OH and I decided that we would make the most of it. We thought that we would head out for the afternoon and go for a walk somewhere he hadn't been to in years and somewhere I actually have never been to. We drove the short distance out of Coleraine toward Limavady and to Springwell Forest.
I've been trying to find a website that I could link to where you would be able to read all about the Forest, how long it's been there etc, but strangely enough I can't find one. There isn't even a Wikipedia page for it and there's usually one of those for everything. This is the only site I can find… Springwell Forest. It doesn't tell you much about the forest but it does tell you what it's like in the type of paths and trees you would find there.
Being a normal Saturday on the North Coast it was quite cold when we first started out. But finding that the path was a little harder to walk on that we are used to my OH and I found ourselves heating up quite quickly. We ended up having to take off our coats that we thought would have been a good idea to bring.
Heading into the forest I didn't think that there would be much to take photos of but I soon found I was wrong. My OH was really annoyed that he didn't bring his SLR. These are just some of the pictures I took of our walk.
Overall, I don't think the forest would be one that we would take Tom to as it is just so long and kind of hard to walk on. I would definitely want to walk it again. Although, I think I would put on my proper walking shoes and not just wear my trainers.
Anyway, friends, thanks for reading, hope you liked what you read and if you did please make sure to like, share, comment and if you have any suggestions please don't hesitate to gimme a shout! J xxx


text:
© Carlo Mazzotta
putan club
A trio 70% female, from Italy and France, based between Agrigento and Faro. Voices, guitars, bass, drums & computer. The PUTAN CLUB declines feminism, electricity, electronics & savagery - as if Skrillex violated the Birthday Party: groove and high tension. Trance, Dance and Challenge.
The PUTAN PLUB is intended as a resistance cell, characterized by a mode of doing (force actions in various places) very close to the first plots of European partisans during the last world war and today by opponents from all over the world. Resistance is organized by the archaic and immediate means of our century: electric voices and rumors, tanks and counted words, like saying from cave painting to the most daring conceptualism, from avant-rock to contemporary classical music more brutal techno/house, from kiss on the mouth to kick in the ass ...
The PUTAN CLUB does not belong to any church (rock, techno, jazz, avant, punk, world or what-the-fuck-ever) but claims the right to be all that, even more. And proved it, from Laâyoune to Beijing. Finally, the PUTAN CLUB collaborates regularly with other demons such as Lydia Lunch, Eugene S. Robinson or Denis Lavant.
With an average of more than 180 concerts a year, over 2000 concerts since its creation, regularly on Tour in Europe, China, Turkey, Africa and Central Asia as well as part of numerous festivals as Bazant Pohoda ( SK), Tomorrow Fest (Shenzhen, RPC), Milhoes ( PT), Croisements festival (Beijing, RPC), Amplifest (PT), the PUTAN CLUB is iconoclastic, violent, groovy and and resolutely feminist-revolutionary.
Gianna Greco (I) : bass, vox, effects, computer, electronics
Zoé Martinot (F): drums
François R. Cambuzat (F) : guitars, vox, computer, electronics
Nota Bene : the PUTAN CLUB is obviously NOT a PUNK band, but takes everything it needs: avant, rock, techno, oriental, jazz, metal, classical...
The Putan Club is a TEST BENCH.
... hey baby, it's subversive ...
gianna greco
Gianna Greco's teenage years, and her early career as a musician in the deep south of Italy were accompanied early on by a merry disgust for the two-headed Hydra of a society in which she lived. A parasitic system founded for the benefit of a privileged class on one side, and on the other the male prerogative which declared one half of humanity free and autonomous while reducing the other half to slavery. A one-sex society. A man's world. Gianna also became conscious early on of the triple nature of female slavery: ignorance, capitalism, and men.
In 2011 the Tunisian revolution gave her reason for optimism, so at the end of February she travelled to Tunisi. She witnessed at first hand the excitement surrounding the 'High Commission for the fulfillment of revolutionary goals, political reform, and democratic transition'. Gianna Greco was stunned by the strength of Tunisian women and struck by personal encounters.
Eventually, disgusted at the outcome of this 'highest organ' and of the Ennahda movement's embrace of ultra-liberal economics which was followed by a series of dubious governments, the twenty-two year old Gianna Greco returned to Europe and took up arms. She had the inside of her left thigh tattooed with a quote by Pier Paolo Pasolini; "the world is becoming corrupted by a wellbeing made up of selfishness, stupidity, superficiality, gossip, moralizing, coercion, and conformity: any form of participation in this corruption is, today, an act of fascism", and in 2013, after a series of unsatisfying experiences, she founded PUTAN CLUB, a cell for artistic activism founded on ideals of levity, swiftness, proletarianism, atheism, and iconoclasm. And proudly refused to have any involvement with agents or the press.
Gianna now lives between Pamir, France, and Argentina, and continues to follow only that which gives her a thrill.
"Being an artist is above all an existential choice: either one gives voice to the conservative structure of society, accepting the role
of a robot controlled by the powers that be, or one can take part in the progressive elements of society and attempt to establish a revolutionary relationship between art and life." - Gian Maria Volontè
Selective discography :
- Shotgun Babies, "Destroy Your Beauty", 2008
- Shotgun Babies, "Riot On Sunset, Vol.16", 272 Records, Hollywood USA, 2009
- Shotgun Babies, "Symbiotic Trip", 2009
- Shotgun Babies, "Under The Grind", M. A. Productions, 2010
- Shotgun Babies, "Denderah", Officine Cantelmo, 2010
- Shotgun Babies, "Rock With Mascara", Rock With Mascara, 2010
- Shotgun Babies, "Musichiamoli Tutti", Arci Real, 2011
- Muffx, "Époque", Ill Sun Records, 2012
- Lydia Lunch's Putan Club, «Don't pressure the man with the knife », UJPE, 2013
- Putan Club, "AMPMIX022", compilation Amplificasom, 2013
- Putan Club, "SAVE GAZA - Free artists for free Gaza", compilation, 2014
- Shotgun Babies, "Private Games", Atypeek Records, 2015
- Putan Club, "Kaüzpellaplatz II", compilation Associação Terapêutica do Ruído, 2015
- Ifriqiyya Électrique, "Rûwâhîne", Glitterbeat Records, 2017
- Putan Club, "Filles de Mai", Toten Schwan Records, 2017
- Ifriqiyya Électrique, "Laylet el Booree", Glitterbeat Records, 2019
zoé martinot
"Are you creating art to make money and pet the nice & kind bourgeois citizens? " Tristan Tzara, 1918
"Musicians, artists, theatre people are among the strongest and bravest people on the face of the earth. In one year they face daily rejection by people more than what others live in an entire life. Every day they face the financial challenge of living a freelance lifestyle, the disrespect of people who think they should find a real job, and their own fear of no longer working in the future. Every day, they have to ignore the possibility that the vision they dedicated their lives to is an impossible dream. With every note, opera or performance expose themselves, emotionally and physically, risking criticism and arbitrary judgments. Every year that passes, many of them look at how their peers achieve the goals of a normal life - the car, the family, the house, the savings. Why? Because artists are willing to give their entire life to one moment, to that tune, to that sentence, to that agreement or to that interpretation that will touch the soul of the public. Artists are people who tasted the juice of life at that crystalline moment where they let their creative spirit out and touched someone else's heart. At that moment they were closer to magic and perfection than anyone else could have. And in their hearts, they know that devote to that moment is worth more than a thousand whole lives." David Ackert
"By striving to do the impossible, man has always achieved what is possible. Those who have cautiously done no more than they believed possible have never taken a single step forward." Mikhail Bakunin
"When God created man She was only experimenting."
"Darum ist das innerste Formgesetz des Essay die Ketzerei." Adorno, Theodor W. : Der Essay als Form, in: Theodor W. Adorno: Noten zur Literatur [Gesammelte Schriften 11], Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main 1974. Seite 33.
Zoé Martinot is a drummer -and much more- coming from Jupiter. And she kicks your ass. Strongly & repeatedly.
françois r. cambuzat
François R. Cambuzat (F) founded The Kim Squad & Dinah Shore Headbangers, il Gran Teatro Amaro, la République du Sauvage, l'Enfance Rouge, the Trans-Aeolian Transmission, the Machine Rouge, l'Ifriqiyya Electrique and other diseases. He performed over 5000 concerts all over the planet. The pandemic is clickable here.
First of all bass player then saxophonist (resident in Bedford Stuyvesant, at seventeen he played with Dizzy Gillespie at the New York 's Blue Note), his life was then saved from the American poverty by the rock 'n' roll by interviewing Iggy Pop and so becoming independent journalist for diverse medias, getting then enough money allowing him to fuck away from the States.
Of short return in France, he kept on avoiding it. François R. moved to London, Rome, Berlin, Hamburg, Tunis, Brussells, Lecce, and so on.... Among others, François R. did invite and create with Lotfi Bouchnak, Eugene S. Robinson, the National Orchestra of the Rachidya, Luciano Berio, Emanuele Luzzati, Lydia Lunch and Denis Lavant.
François R. Cambuzat is the artistic director of the Trasporti Marittimi Festival.
Selective discography :
- The Kim Squad, "Young bastards", Virgin Italy, 1987
- François R. Cambuzat, "Notre-Dame des Naufragés", Virgin Italy, Stile Libero, 1988
- François R. Cambuzat canta il Gran Teatro Amaro, "Uccidiamo Kim", Virgin Italy, 1990
- Il Gran Teatro Amaro, "Port Famine", RecRec Zürich, 1991
- Il Gran Teatro Amaro, "Hôtel Brennessel", RecRec Zürich, 1993
- Il Gran Teatro Amaro, "Piazza Orphelins", RecRec Zürich, 1995
- François R. Cambuzat et les Enfants Rouges, "Swinoujscie-Tunis", L'Enfance Rouge, 1995
- François R. Cambuzat et les Enfants Rouges,"Radioira", Il Manifesto, 1997
- François R. Cambuzat et les Enfants Rouges, "Taurisano-Cajarc", Polygram, 1998
- François R. Cambuzat et les Enfants Rouges, "Reus-Ljubljana", L'Enfance Rouge, 1998
- François R. Cambuzat et les Enfants Rouges, "Trienni TalpClub", G3G Records, 1999
- L'Enfance Rouge,"Il Mucchio Selvaggio", Il Mucchio Selvaggio, 2000
- L'Enfance Rouge, "Davos-Leros", Audioglobe, 2000
- L'Enfance Rouge, "Rostock-Namur", Audioglobe, 2002
- L'Enfance Rouge, "Krsko-Valencia", Wallace Records, 2005
- L'Enfance Rouge, "Krsko-Valencia", T-Rec, 2006
- La République du Sauvage, Irfan + FromScratch , 2007
- L'Enfance Rouge, "Trapani-Halq al Waady", Wallace Records + T-Rec, 2008
- Le Grand Orchestre du Désastre, "Setlasevir", Great Arabian Recordings, 2011
- L'Enfance Rouge, "Bar-Bari", DisquesDePlomb+WallaceRec+MusicaPerOrganiCaldi, 2011
- L' Enfance Rouge + Eugene S. Robinson, "The First Will & Testament",UJPE, 2013
- Lydia Lunch's Putan Club, "Don't pressure the man with the knife", UJPE, 2013
- Ifriqiyya Électrique, "Rûwâhîne", Glitterbeat Records, 2017
- Putan Club, "Filles de Mai", Toten Schwan Records, 2017
- Ifriqiyya Électrique, "Laylet el Booree", Glitterbeat Records, 2019
+ 53 compilations.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
Coverage plants to create a wildlife pond habitat should include both the pond water area and the planted areas around the outside of the pond.
1. Deep water plants to provide cover:
- Oxygenating plants will increase in volume in the warmer summer months and should be allowed to fill 30% of the volume of the pond.
- This gives places for young amphibians to hide in different depth zones of water as they grow and mature.
2. Surface pond cover plants:
- Start with cover across the pond in Spring with Aponogeton distachyos
- More surface cover later in the year for wildlife can be obtained from water lilies.
- The only Native waterlily is Nymphaea alba which can be too vigorous for a small pond so substitute the smaller whites - Marliacaea Albida or candida.
- Aim for 60% surface coverage by leaves
- Use the Native Frogbit (Hydrocharis Morsus Ranae) whose leaves only grow to 1" in diameter and Water Soldier (Stratiotes aloides)
- These plants will help to protect the young and vulnerable newts, frog and toad tadpoles during metamorphosis from the egg stages through to adults in different areas of the pond.
3. Cover from shelf plants:
- Plant growth on the shelf areas of the pond will give protection later in Summer as the young amphibians leave for the first time - Veronica beccabunga and Myosotis scorpioides for the smaller pond or Menyanthes trifoliata for a larger pond.
- Emergent pond plants like Iris whose rhizomes walk out into the water make that transition between water and land smoother as the wildlife leaves the pond.
4. Cover outside the pond:
- Moist and bog plantings around the outside of the pond water should be full and leafy in growth
- They give the pond a backdrop and setting
- Provide foraging places for slugs and other insects and a protective canopy as young amphibians leave the pond for the first time.


text:
Working with Older People (Aged Care)
Any member of Occupational Therapy Australia who works with older people, or who has an interest in Occupational Therapy practice in the area of Aged Care, is eligible to attend these meetings. To join a SIG update your preferences under the member dashboard.
The Occupational Therapists Working with Older People Interest Group aims to:
- Discuss current issues, practice and research related to working with older people
- Consult with the Association and the relevant government departments to develop guidelines, and provide expertise for consultation on aged care issues and policy
- Provide and promote ongoing professional development to encourage up-to-date knowledge and practice for OTs practicing in Aged Care
We have SIGs in the following states and/or territories:
Convenor: Jacki Liddle and Ros Eagles
Convenor: Associate Professor Kate Laver
Convenors: Briony Foote, Lisa Mahon and Rebecca Ward
To join a SIG update your preferences under the member dashboard.


text:
- Delivery with GLS or DPD - 1-2 working days.
- Shipping Fee: 25 RON
- Free shipping on orders over 500 RON
- Delivery : same day delivery if order is placed until 13:00, next working day after 13:00
- Shipping Fee: 15 RON
- Free shipping over 200 RON
Countries: Greece, Hungary, Bulgaria
- Delivery with DPD - 1-3 working days
- Shipping Fee: € 9
Countries: Austria,Italy, Germany
- Delivery with UPS - 2-5 working days
- Shipping Fee: €20
The ideal gift for anyone who loves the freedom of two wheels… and the feel of lycra with no underwear.
This kit contains all the essentials that the discerning cyclists needs, whether they're on the commute or out for fun.
Trouser clips
Muscle rub
Chafing cream
Chafing Cream: Aqua (Water), Propylene Glycol, Glycerin, Stearic Acid, Vitis vinifera (Grape) Seed Oil, Rosa canina (Dog Rose) Fruit Oil, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Cetearyl Alcohol, Isopropyl Myristate, Ceteareth-20, Phenoxyethanol, Panthenol, Tocopherol (Vitamin E), Triethanolamine, Sodium, PCA, Caprylyl Glycol, Helianthus annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil, Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E) , Lactic Acid, Disodium EDTA, Carbomer, Decylene Glycol, Rosmarinus officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract, Parfum (Fragrance).
Muscle Rub Ingredients: Grapeseed Oil, Ginger, Pepermint, Lavender, Black Pepper and Vitamin E (50ml).


text:
Jim Burns, a member of the musical mastermind duo that co-created MTV's long-running acoustic concert series, MTV Unplugged, has died at age 65. Burns, who created MTV Unplugged with Robert Small in 1989, passed away after being hit by a taxi cab in New York City. Burns had been walking his dog on Fifth Avenue on Manhattan's Upper East Side when he was struck by the cab two days before Christmas, according to Billboard. Burns died in the hospital shortly after the accident.
With Unplugged, Burns and Small created one of the most iconic music series' in MTV's history. In a departure from the network's music video format, musicians performed stripped down sets with no electric instruments in front of a small audience. The first MTV Unplugged performance came in November 1989 with Squeeze, Syd Straw, and The Cars' Elliot Easton. By the early 1990s, some of the biggest names in music had performed intimate sets in the MTV studio, including Eric Clapton, and, perhaps most famously, Nirvana, complete with accompanying album releases.
Clapton's Unplugged album won six Grammy Awards, three of them for his MTV performance of "Tears In Heaven," a tribute to his late son, Connor. Nirvana also won a Grammy for Best Alternative Music Performance with their 1994 Unplugged release, MTV Unplugged In New York, which was recorded just five months before Kurt Cobain' death. The Seattle grunge band broke Unplugged tradition by performing a setlist composed of lesser-known material and covers of songs by David Bowie, The Vaselines, and The Meat Puppets.
"MTV Unplugged" Co-Creator Jim Burns dies https://t.co/AZK0pLtgqZ pic.twitter.com/VEjJ5PAMVz— billboard (@billboard) December 26, 2017
MTV Unplugged originally ran for ten years on MTV, from 1989 to 1999, with performers that included Alice in Chains, Lauryn Hill, Shakira, and even a reunion of Led Zeppelin's Robert Plant and Jimmy Page. Unplugged was revived in various incarnations in the 2000s, most recently with a performance by singer Shawn Mendes last September.
There have been many rumors about how MTV Unplugged got its start. According to Mentalfloss, Jim Burns and Robert Small by were inspired by an acoustic encore at Bruce Springsteen show. Another long-running story is that Richie Sambora and Jon Bon Jovi's surprising acoustic set at the 1989 MTV Video Music Awards planted the seed for the series.
In a 1992 interview with the New York Times, co-creator Robert Small said the goal of MTV Unplugged was to "strip music down to how a songwriter usually starts the song."
"In a rock-and-roll mix, nothing stands out," Small said. "In acoustics, a voice, a guitar, a bass, stands out."
Jim Burns compared MTV Unplugged to a dance performance.
"You can hear the grunts, like seeing the sweat of dancers on toe," Burns said.
Jim Burns' IMDB page lists him as an executive producer on MTV Unplugged, including episodes featuring Tony Bennett and The Smithereens.


text:
Mixed Berry Oil Booster - 15ml
- Description
- Ingredients
- How to use
- Delivery and returns
Blend our ultra-rich Mixed Berry Oil Booster with your favourite cream to instantly upgrade your moisturiser.
• Enhance your go-to serum or moisturiser with just a few drops.
• Apply solo for deep hydration and a luminous glow.
• Follow up with our Berry Bounty Mask for the ultimate pamper session.
Crambe Abyssinica Seed Oil. Camellia Oleifera (Tea) Seed Oil. Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride. Oleic/Linoleic/Linolenic Polyglycerides. Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Seed Oil. Euterpe Oleracea (Acai) Fruit Oil. Lycium Barbarum (Goji Berry) Seed Oil. Terminalia Ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Fruit Extract. Citrus Medica Limonum (Lemon) Peel Oil. Eclipta Prostrata (False Daisy) Extract. Rosmarinus Officinalis (Rosemary) Leaf Extract. Melia Azadirachta (Neem) Leaf Extract. Myrciaria Dubia (Camu Camu) Fruit Extract. Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil. Gardenia Tahitensis (Tiare) Flower. Morinda Citrifolia (Noni) Leaf Extract. Tocopherol. Tocotrienols. Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil. BHT. Tetrahexyldecyl Ascorbate. Cocos Nucifera (Coconut) Oil. Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil. Elaeis Guineensis (Palm) Oil.
Add a 3-4 drops to your serum or cream. Apply solo to skin for added glow.
Standard delivery
• Order by 10am ET for delivery within 10 business days.
• $9.95 delivery cost for all orders.
Important delivery information:
• We deliver orders Monday-Friday.
• Business days are Monday-Friday, excluding public holidays.
• We don't deliver on Saturday, Sunday or public holidays.
• If you place an order on a weekend or public holiday, we will process your order the next business day.
• Orders over $500.00 will ship via 'signature required' service.
• Orders cannot be split and must be delivered to a single address.
• Free shipping promotions apply to standard shipping only.
• We do not ship to PO Boxes.
• We do not offer international deliveries from this store. We do not ship to freight forwarding companies. You can update your country browsing preferences here. Please read our Terms & Conditions for further information.
Want to return an item? Get in touch here and we'll be happy to sort it out for you.
This product is currently sold out.


text:
This manuscript presents methods for analyzing morphometric and cellular changes within the mandibular condyle of rodents.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has the capacity to adapt to external stimuli, and loading changes can affect the position of condyles, as well as the structural and cellular components of the mandibular condylar cartilage (MCC). This manuscript describes methods for analyzing these changes and a method for altering the loading of the TMJ in mice (i.e., compressive static TMJ loading). The structural evaluation illustrated here is a simple morphometric approach that uses the Digimizer software and is performed in radiographs of small bones. In addition, the analysis of cellular changes leading to alterations in collagen expression, bone remodeling, cell division, and proteoglycan distribution in the MCC is described. The quantification of these changes in histological sections - by counting the positive fluorescent pixels using image software and measuring the distance mapping and stained area with Digimizer - is also demonstrated. The methods shown here are not limited to the murine TMJ, but could be used on additional bones of small experimental animals and in other regions of endochondral ossification.
The TMJ is a unique load-bearing joint located in the craniofacial region and is formed of fibrocartilage. The MCC of the TMJ is essential for joint function, including unhindered jaw movement while speaking and masticating, but it is commonly affected by degenerative diseases, including osteoarthritis1. The TMJ has the capacity to adapt to external stimuli and loading alterations, leading to structural and cellular changes to the components of the MCC2,3,4,5. The load-bearing properties of the MCC can be explained by the interactions between its constituents, including water, the collagen network, and densely packed proteoglycans. The MCC has four distinct cellular zones that express different types of collagen and non-collagen proteins: 1) the superficial or articular zone; 2) the proliferative zone, composed of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and that responds to loading demands; 3) the prehypertrophic zone, composed of mature chondrocytes expressing collagen type 2; and 4) the hypertrophic zone, the region where the hypertrophic chondrocytes expressing collagen type 10 die and undergo calcification. The non-mineralized region is rich in proteoglycans which provide resistance to compressive forces6.
There is continuous mineralization at the hypertrophic zone of the MCC, where the transition from chondrogenesis to osteogenesis occurs, guaranteeing the robust mineral structure of the subchondral bone of the mandibular condyle7. Cellular changes in the unmineralized and mineralized regions ultimately lead to morphological and structural changes in the mandibular condyle and mandible. Maintenance of the homeostasis of all cellular regions of the MCC and the mineralization of the subchondral portion are essential to the health, load-bearing capacity, and integrity of the TMJ.
The multiple collagen transgenic mouse model (as described by Utreja et al.)8 is a great tool to use to understand changes in collagen expression because all transgenes are expressed in the MCC. For an in-depth histological evaluation, histological stains are used to study matrix deposition, mineralization, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, as well as protein expression at the different cell layers of the MCC.
In this manuscript, histological and morphometric analyses are used to evaluate cellular and structural changes in the MCC and subchondral bone of the mandibular condyle of mice. In addition, a cell quantification method, for analyzing fluorescent histological images and for mapping light microscope slides, is described. The compressive static TMJ loading method, which causes cellular and morphological changes at the MCC and subchondral bone9, is also illustrated to validate our methods.
The methods described here can be used to determine morphometric and histological changes in the mandibular condyle and mandible of rodents or to analyze other regions of endochondral ossification and the morphology of additional mineralized tissues.
Subscription Required. Please recommend JoVE to your librarian.
The institutional animal care committee of the University of Connecticut Health Center approved all animal procedures.
1. Compressive Static TMJ Loading: Mouth Forced Open
Note: Four-week-old transgenic mice harboring fluorescent reporters for collagen (Col2a1XCol10a1), kindly provided by Dr. David Rowe (University of Connecticut), were used for the experiments described in this manuscript (n = 8; 4 males and 4 females). The Col2a1 cyan (blue) transgene is expressed in cells at the prehypertrophic zone of the MCC, while the Col10a1 cherry (red) cells are present in the hypertrophic region8 (Figure 1). Mice were equally divided into two groups: 1) the loaded group, where mice were subjected to compressive static TMJ loading (described in step 2) and 2) the control group, where mice received no intervention.
Figure 1.Representative sagittal of the condyle of a double-collagen fluorescent reporter mouse (Col2a1XCol10a1). Scale bar = 200 µm. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
- Fabricate springs usingbeta titanium alloy archwires (0.017 x 0.025 in) (Figure 2A).
- Anesthetize the experimental animals by an intraperitoneal injection of a mixture of ketamine (90 mg/kg bodyweight) and xylazine (13 mg/kg bodyweight).
- Gently open the mouth of the mice and insert the springs, engaging the loops in the maxillary and mandibular incisors (Figure 2B and C).
- Induce compressive static TMJ loading by keeping the springs in the incisors of the anesthetized mice for 1 h. Repeat this procedure for 5 days.
- Inject the mice with 5-ethnyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU ; 30 mg/kg bodyweight) intraperitoneally for cell proliferation analysis 2 days and 1 day before euthanasia.
Figure 2. Compressive static TMJ loading: mouth forced open model. (A) Spring fabricated of 0.017 x 0.025 beta titanium alloy archwire. (B) Loaded mouse with spring. (C) Radiograph of loaded and control mice showing differences in the positioning of the mandible. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
2. Mandible Dissection and Fixation
- At the endpoint of the forced-open mouth procedures, euthanize the experimental animals by an approved method.
- Dissect the mandibles by cutting the muscular attachment without scraping the cartilage of the condyle.
- Place the cleaned mandibles in 10% formalin for 24 h for fixation.
Caution: Formalin is an irritant; wear appropriate personal protective equipment.
3. X-ray Imaging and Morphometric Measurements
- Place the mandibles in a flat container (e.g., a 55 mm x 16 mm Petri dish) and take radiographs of the samples using a cabinet x-ray system at a 26 kV for 5 s.
NOTE: Place a scale bar before saving the images.
- Perform morphometric measurements of the mandibles using an image analysis software (see the Table of Materials).
NOTE: Before performing any measurements, use the scale bar at the radiograph to determine the unit. This step is important to properly measure the anatomical structures. Click on the "Unit" button (Figure 3A).
- Select the anatomical points using the "marker style 2" in the imaging software (Figure 3B). To follow the method described in this paper, select the following points (Figure 3B):
- Select the condylion (point 1), the most posterior point of the mandibular condyle;
- Select the incisor process (point 2);
- Select the deepest point at the sigmoid notch (point 3);
- Select the deepest point in the concavity of the mandibular ramus (point 4);
- Select the most anterior point of the condylar articular surface (point 5); and
- Select the most posterior point of the condylar articular surface (point 6).
- After selecting the anatomical points, perform morphometric measurements using the "length" tool, but for the condyle head length, use the "perpendicular line" tool from points (3) and (4) (Figure 3C).
- Measure the mandibular length, from the condylion (1) to the incisor process (2).
- Measure the condyle head length - the perpendicular distance from the condylion (1) to a line traced from the deepest point at the sigmoid notch (3) to the deepest point in the concavity of the mandibular ramus (4).
- Measure the condyle head width - the distance from the most anterior to the most posterior point of the condylar articular surface (5 - 6).
- Copy the measurements from the "measurement list" on the right side of the screen (Figure 3C).
Figure 3. Representation of morphometric measurements of the mandible. (A) Use the scale bar of the radiograph to determine the unit (circled in red, scale bar: 10 mm). (B) Select the anatomical points using the "marker style 2" (circled in red). 1) Condylion; 2) Incisor process; 3) Deepest point at the sigmoid notch; 4) Deepest point in the concavity of the mandibular ramus; 5) Most anterior point of the condylar articular surface; 6) Most posterior point of the condylar articular surface. Scale bar: 10 mm.(C) Perform measurements with the "length" and "perpendicular" tools (circled in red). Measurements from point 1 to 2: mandibular length; from point 5 to 6: condylar width; perpendicular from point 1 to 4 - 3: condylar head length. Save measurements from the "measurement list." Scale bar = 10 mm. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
4. Condyle Embedding
NOTE: After taking the radiographic images, the mandibles can be embedded and sectioned for histological analysis.
- Place undecalcified mandibles (that have been fixed in step 2.3) in 30% sucrose in PBS overnight before embedding.
- Dissect any excess soft tissue and carefully cut the mandibular condyle.
- Pour some embedding resin (enough to cover the sample) in disposable plastic molds and place the medial surface of the condyle against the base of the mold, positioning the sample parallel to the bottom of the mold.
- Fix the specimen in the correct place with a piece of dry ice.
- Fill the mold with embedding resin and place the mold with fixed sample in cold 2-methyl-butane, which can be pre-chilled in a -20 °C or -80 °C freezer or in dry ice.
- Store the specimens at -20 °C or at -80 °C until sectioning.
5. Condyle Sagittal Sectioning and Slide Preparation
- Create frozen sagittal sections of the condyles (5 - 7 µm) and transfer the samples to the slide using the tape transfer method10,11.
- Adhere the histological sections transferred to the tape using the UV-curable method10.
6. Histological Staining and Microscopic Imaging
Note: Most of the histological staining is performed as described in the histological section of the paper by Dyment et al10.
- For baseline scanning, the first step is to image for the Col2a1 and Col10a1 transgenes, as described by Dyment et al10 .
- Place coverslips on top of the slides in 30% glycerol and PBS. Perform baseline imaging ofthesectionswitha fluorescent microscope and appropriate filters.
- Perform fluorescent tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining.
NOTE: TRAP is expressed by hematopoietic cells, including the bone resorbing cells, osteoclasts12. The purpose of this stain is to analyze MCC and subchondral bone remodeling.
- Remove the coverslip of the slides by soaking them in PBS. Wash the slides in PBS three times for 5 min each.
- Prepare TRAP buffer 1 by dissolving sodium acetate anhydrous (9.2 g) and sodium L-tartrate dibasic dihydrate (11.4 g) in 1 L of distilled water. Adjust the pH to 4.2 with acetic acid and store the TRAP buffer 1 at 4 °C.
- Prepare TRAP buffer 2 by freshly dissolving sodium nitrite (40 mg) in 1 mL of distilled water.
- Prepare TRAP substrate buffer (just before staining) by mixing 7.5 mL of buffer 1 and 150 µL of buffer 2. Apply this solution (200 µL) to each slide for 10 min at room temperature.
- Prepare TRAP reaction buffer by mixing 1.840 mL of substrate buffer and 23 µL of fluorescent substrate (see the Table of Materials).
NOTE: The fluorescent substrategeneratesayellowfluorescentsignal for TRAP activity.
- Remove excess TRAP substrate buffer by gently pipetting the solution.
- Incubate the slides with 200 µL of TRAP reaction buffer for 5 min under a UV source bulb black light.
- Wash the slides in PBS three times for 5 min each.
- Place coverslips on the slides in 30% glycerol in PBS and perform microscopic imaging10.
- Perform cell proliferation staining.
NOTE: In this assay, the modified thymidine analog 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) is incorporated into newly synthesized DNA: dividing cells are labeled with a fluorescent dye.
- After imaging for TRAP,remove the coverslips and wash the slides in PBS three times for 5 min each. Follow the steps from the 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine cell proliferation kit to stain the histological sections.
- Prepare a reaction cocktail by adding 430 µL of 1X reaction buffer, 20 µL of CuSO4, 1.2 µL of fluorescent dye, and 50 µL of 1X buffer additive (a total volume of 500 µL is enough for one slide).
NOTE: The manufacturer recommends adding the ingredients in the order described here.
- Incubate the slides with the prepared cocktails for 30 min at room temperature, protected from light.
- Wash the slides in PBS three times for 5 min each.
- Place coverslips on top of the slides in 30% glycerol in PBS with 1:1,000 DAPI.
NOTE: DAPI (4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a blue fluorescent nuclear stain that binds to AT-rich regions in DNA.
- Perform Toluidine Blue (TB) staining.
NOTE: TB staining reveals the proteoglycan distribution at the MCC.
- Rinse the slides indistilledwater to remove the coverslips.
- After removing the coverslips, wash the slides in distilled water three times for 5 min each to completely remove the salts from the PBS.
- Prepare TB working buffer by making solution A (dissolve 28.4 g of sodium phosphate dibasic in 1 L of distilled water) and solution B (dissolve 27.6 g of sodium phosphate monobasic in 1 L of distilled water). Mix 94.7 mL of solution A with 5.3 mL of solution B. Dilute this solution 1:1 in distilled water to make 200 mL of 0.1 M working buffer. Correct the pH to 8.0 by adding sodium hydroxide until the pH is fixed.
- Prepare 1% stock TB: mix 1 g of TB in 100 mL of distilled water.
- Prepare TB working solution by mixing 40 mL of 0.1 M working buffer in 3 mL of 1% stock TB.
- Incubate the slides in the TB working solution for 14-17 s.
NOTE: This stain is very time sensitive; the incubation time may need to be adjusted to prevent overstaining.
- Wash the slides in distilled water three times for 5 min each.
- Place the coverslips on top of the slides in 30% glycerol in distilled water. Perform light microscope imaging10.
NOTE: Do not coverslip the slides stained for TB in glycerol + PBS. PBS washes out this type of stain.
7. Fluorescent Histological Quantification
- Perform histological quantification of fluorescent images by using an image analysis software (see the Table of Materials).
NOTE: The basic principle of histological quantification in this method is to divide the number of fluorescent pixels of interest by the total number of pixels of the area of interest and multiply the obtained number by 100, resulting in a percentage of positive pixels within that region.
- Perform the quantification of Col10a1 expression in the MCC of sagittal sections of condyles.
- When quantifying all types of cells and stains using this method, select the area to be quantified. Open the histological images in an image analysis software and select the area by using the "Lasso Tool (L)" (Figure 4A). For the analysis described here, select the MCC region only; after selecting the area, the total number of pixels will be shown at the "Histogram" box on the screen of the software (Figure 4A). Save the number of pixels in the area of interest.
- Select the Col10a1 red pixels by using the sampling tool. Click on "Select" on the top panel and then "Color Range." Click on the "eyedropper tool," select the sample color for the pixel of interest in the image, and click "OK." All areas positive for the chosen pixel color will be selected (Figure 4B). Copy the number of fluorescent pixels (shown in the "Histogram" box of the screen) and paste them in a spreadsheet or statistical software for analysis.
- Divide the number of fluorescent pixels over the number of pixels of the area of interest and multiply this number by 100: fluorescent pixels / pixels in area of interest * 100.
NOTE: Other type of cells, such as blue Col2a1, can be quantified with this same method, but the blue pixels should be selected instead of the Col10a1 red pixels.
Figure 4. Representation of transgene Col10a1 quantification. (A) Select the area of interest with the "Lasso Tool" (L). For Col10a1-positive cells, select the whole mandibular cartilage. Save the number of pixels from the "histogram" box. (B) Select the pixel of interest, in this case, the red fluorescent Col10a1 pixels. Note that only the red pixels within the area of interest will be selected. Save the number of red pixels from the "histogram" box. Scale bar = 200 µm. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
- Perform the quantification of TRAP activity in the MCC and subchondral bone.
- Follow the procedure described in step 8.2, but instead of only selecting the MCC area, select the cartilage and subchondral bone regions (Figure 5A).
- For TRAP activity analysis, select the yellow pixels generated by the ELF97 substrate, as described in step 8.2.2 (Figure 5B); copy the number of positive pixels; and paste them in a spreadsheet or statistical software for analysis.
- Obtain the percentage of TRAP-positive pixels by dividing the number of yellow pixels by the total number of pixels in the subchondral bone region and multiplying by 100.
Figure 5. Representation of fluorescent TRAP quantification. (A) Select the area of interest (mandibular cartilage and subchondral bone) and save the number of pixels of this region. (B) Select the yellow fluorescent pixels, representing TRAP activity. Note that only TRAP-positive pixels will be select. Save the number of selected pixels. Scale bar = 200 µm. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
- Perform the quantification of EdU-positive cells.
- EdU-stained slides are counterstained with DAPI, so instead of counting the total number of pixels in the region of interest, select the DAPI-positive pixels to calculate the percentage of EdU-positive pixels. Select the area of interest as described in step 8.2, but do not save the total number of pixels. Select the DAPI blue pixel as the sampled color, as described in step 8.2.2; copy the number of DAPI-positive pixels (Figure 6A); and paste them in a spreadsheet or statistical software for analysis.
- Next, select the EdU-positive pixels (yellow fluorescent pixels) and save the number of pixels in the "histogram" box (Figure 6B).
- Calculate the percentage of EdU pixels by dividing the number of EdU-positive pixels by the number of DAPI-positive pixels and multiplying the obtained number by 100.
Figure 6. Representation of EdU quantification. (A) Select the proliferative region of the MCC (the outer layer of the cartilage). Select DAPI-positive pixels and save the number of pixels. (B) Select EdU-positive pixels (yellow fluorescent) and save the number of pixels. Scale bar = 200 µm. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
8. Quantification of Cartilage Thickness and Proteoglycan Distribution
- Analyze the cartilage thickness (distance mapping) and the toluidine blue-stained area using the Digimizer Image software.
NOTE: Use the scale bar in the histological image to determine the unit (Figure 7A).
- Perform a distance mapping measurement.
NOTE: The distance mapping measurement will provide the thickness of the cartilage at the mandibular condyle. In the method described here, five regions of the MCC are selected, giving an average of the overall thickness of the MCC. The researcher may choose to measure three different regions, or even one single region in the middle of the MCC.
- Using the "length" tool, measure the length of the cartilage from the outer surface to the end of the toluidine blue-stained area (Figure 7B) in five regions, or in as many locations as preferred.
- Copy the length measurements from the "measurement list."
NOTE: The software also provides an average of the measurements (Figure 7B).
- Measure the toluidine blue-stained area.
NOTE: In the measurement of the toluidine blue-stained area, the proteoglycan area in the MCC will be obtained.
- Select the "area" tool and contour the toluidine blue-stained area (Figure 7C).
- Copy the area measurements from the "measurement list."
Figure 7: Representation of proteoglycan distribution quantification. (A) Use the scale bar of the histological image to determine the unit by clicking on the "unit" button (circled in red, unit selected: 500 µm). (B) Measure thickness of the cartilage in different locations by using the "length" tool (circled in red). Save the measurements from the "measurement list" in the upper right panel. The software also provides "statistics" in the lower right panel, so the mean and SD of the measurements can be obtained directly. (C) Measure the toluidine blue-stained area by using the "area" tool (circled in red). Circle the area of interest and save the measurement from the "measurement list." Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
Subscription Required. Please recommend JoVE to your librarian.
Representative Results
Descriptive statistics were performed to examine the distribution of morphometric measurements (mandibular length, condylar length, condylar width) and histological analyses. Outcomes were compared between the loaded group (i.e., mice subjected to compressive loading with the beta titanium spring) and the control group (i.e., matching control mice that did not receive any procedure). Statistically significant differences between means were determined by unpaired t-test, and a p-value of <0.05 was deemed to be statistically significant.
Morphometric measurements, as described in step 4 and Figure 3, were performed in the mandibles of the loaded and control groups. The loaded group presented with significantly increased mandible length (loaded: 16.62 ± 0.23 mm versus control: 16.21 ± 0.2 mm; p < 0.05) and condyle head length (loaded: 4.6 mm, SD 0.08 mm versus control: 4.4 mm; SD 0.06; p < 0.05) in comparison to the control group. Nevertheless, there was no significant difference in condyle width between groups (loaded: 3.06 ± 0.12 mm versus control: 2.9 ± 0.11; p = 0.09).
Quantification of the collagen distribution using the method described in step 8 revealed significantly increased Col10a1 expression in the MCC of the condyles of the loaded group in comparison to the control (loaded: 21 % ± 4.46% versus control: 7.50% ± 2.03%; p < 0.005; Figure 8A and D). On the other hand, there was no statistically difference in Col2a1 expression between the loaded and control groups (loaded: 4.85% ± 1.95% versus control: 2.92% ± 1.89%; p = 0.13; Figure 8B and E). In addition, the analysis of TRAP activity showed increased TRAP-positive regions in the subchondral region of the condyles of loaded mice (loaded: 5.28% ± 1.45% versus control: 2.41% ± 1.39%; p < 0.05; Figure 8C and F). Similarly, we observed increased cell proliferation, as indicated by increased EdU-positive cells in the MCC of the loaded group in comparison to control mice (loaded: 6.23% ± 1.89% versus control: 1.90% ± 1.03%; p < 0.05; Figure 9A and C).
Proteoglycan distribution in the MCC of loaded and control mice was quantified by evaluating the toluidine blue-stained area and the distance map, as described in step 9 and Figure 7. We found significantly increased distance mapping in the MCC of condyles of the loaded group in comparison to control (loaded: 210.22 µm ± 4.11 µm versus control: 187.36 µm ± 8.64 µm; p < 0.005; Figure 9B and D). However, the proteoglycan-stained area was not statistically different between the loaded and control groups (loaded: 203,897.93 µm2 ± 10,171.00 µm2 versus control: 202,875.09 µm2 ± 33,419.09 µm2; p = 0.94; Figure 9B and E)
Figure 8: Representative results: (A) Col10a1-positive cells in the sagittal sections of the MCC of condyles from control and loaded mice. There are increased numbers Col10a1-positive cells in the loaded group (D). (B) Col2a1-positive cells in control and loaded mice. There is no difference in Col2a1-positive cells between groups (E). (C) TRAP staining in condyles of control and loaded mice. Increased TRAP activity in the loaded group in comparison to control (F). The histograms (D-F) represent the means ± SD for n = 4 per group. ** Significant difference between the control and loaded groups (p < 0.005). Scale bar = 200µm. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
Figure 9:Representative results: (A) EdU staining in condyles of control and loaded mice. Increased cell proliferation in the loaded group, as represented by increased EdU-positive cells (C). (B) Toluidine blue staining in the condyles of the control and loaded mice. Increased cartilage thickness in the loaded mice, as shown by increased distance mapping in the experimental group (D). No difference in proteoglycan-stained area between the control and loaded groups (E). Histograms (C-E) represent the means ± SD for n = 4 per group. ** Significant difference between the control and loaded groups (p < 0.005). Scale bar = 200 µm. Please click here to view a larger version of this figure.
Subscription Required. Please recommend JoVE to your librarian.
This manuscript described methods for the morphometric measurement and cellular analysis of murine mandibular condyles and mandibles. The radiographic morphometric measurements can also be used to analyze other bones from small experimental animals. In addition, the cellular analysis (cell quantification and cartilage distance mapping) are not limited to the rodent mandibular condyle, but can be used to quantify histological sections of numerous tissues.
Transgenic mouse models expressing fluorescent reporters are excellent tools to visually understand changes in gene expression. The double-collagen fluorescent reporter mouse model (Col2a1XCol10a1) used in this report was especially suitable for the study of the MCC, since the transgenes are expressed in the prehypertrophic and hypertrophic region of the MCC so that collagen distribution could be evaluated. If the researcher does not have access to a transgenic mouse model expressing fluorescent reporters, other methods of histological protein expression analysis, such as immunofluorescence, can be used.
For the morphometric measurements, the critical step before taking the cabinet radiograph images is to remove all soft tissues of the mandible or of the bones to be analyzed. Excessive muscle or soft tissue attached to the bones could mask the real measurements of the structures. It is important to be aware of the limitations of the cabinet radiograph system. Like every x-ray, it is a 2-dimensional representation of a 3-dimensional structure, and overlap of structures and artifacts should be carefully interpreted. In addition, the positioning of the bones in the radiographic cabinet should be consistent.
The cellular quantification by means of counting the number of positive pixels is an efficient method for histological quantification in a cell-rich region such as the MCC, but the limitation of this approach is that it does not provide the precise number of cells. In addition, since it quantifies only the pixels selected, it is recommended to quantify all images of interest using the same "sampled" pixel to avoid the quantification of pixels of different intensities when analyzing different images.
A general piece of advice when quantifying histological sections is to analyze multiple serial sections of each sample (in this manuscript, three serial sections were analyzed for each condyle), since variations within each sample are usually observed.
The methodology mentioned in our experiments is simple, easy to use, and can be used in any mineralized tissue study in which reporter mice are being used. With the existing methodology, it is possible to visualize the cells that are stained for TRAP (Col2a1 or Col10a1) or EdU (Col1a1 or Col2a1) by visualizing the co-localization of cells.
Subscription Required. Please recommend JoVE to your librarian.
The authors have no competing financial interests.
The authors would like to thank Dr. David Rowe for kindly providing the transgenic mice and Li Chen for the histological assistance.
The research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Dental & Craniofacial Research of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number K08DE025914 and by the American Association of Orthodontic Foundation to Sumit Yadav.
|Catalog Number
|MX20 Radiography System
|Faxitron X-Ray LLC
|Digimizer Image software
|MedCalc Software
|Shandon Cryomatrix embedding resin
|Thermo Scientific
|Manual microscope Axio Imager Z1
|Carl Zeiss
|yellow fluorescent protein filter - EYFP
|Chroma Technology Corp
|cyan fluorescent protein filter - ECFP
|Chroma Technology Corp
|red fluoresecent protein filter - Cy5
|Chroma Technology Corp
|sodium acetate anhydrous
|sodium L-tartrate dibasic dihydrate
|sodium nitrite
|ELF97 substrate
|Thermo Fisher Scientific
|ClickiT EdU Alexa Fluor 594 HCS kit
|Life Technologies
|includes EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine)
|DAPI (4',6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole, Dihydrochloride)
|Thermo Scientific
|Sodium phosphate dibasic
|Sodium phosphate monobasic
|Toluidine Blue O
|Adobe Photoshop
|Adobe Systems Incorporated
|Phosphate buffered saline tablets (PBS)
|Research Products International
|CNA Beta III Nickel-Free Archwire
|Ortho Organizers, Inc.
|GraphPad Prism
|GraphPad Software, Inc.
- LeResche, L. Epidemiology of Temporomandibular Disorders: Implications for the Investigation of Etiologic Factors. Crit Rev Oral Biol Med. 8, (3), 291-305 (1997).
- Chen, J., et al. Altered functional loading causes differential effects in the subchondral bone and condylar cartilage in the temporomandibular joint from young mice. Osteoarthr Cartil. 17, (3), 354-361 (2009).
- Pirttiniemi, P., Kantomaa, T., Sorsa, T. Effect of decreased loading on the metabolic activity of the mandibular condylar cartilage in the rat. Eur J Orthod. 26, (1), 1-5 (2004).
- Chavan, S. J., Bhad, W. A., Doshi, U. H. Comparison of temporomandibular joint changes in Twin Block and Bionator appliance therapy: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Prog Orthod. 15, (57), (2014).
- Dutra, E. H., et al. Cellular and Matrix Response of the Mandibular Condylar Cartilage to Botulinum Toxin. PLoS ONE. 11, (10), 0164599 (2016).
- Benjamin, M., Ralphs, J. R. Biology of fibrocartilage cells. Int Rev Cytol. 233, 1-45 (2004).
- Shen, G., Darendeliler, M. A. The Adaptive Remodeling of Condylar Cartilage- A Transition from Chondrogenesis to Osteogenesis. J Dent Res. 84, (8), 691-699 (2005).
- Utreja, A., et al. Cell and matrix response of temporomandibular cartilage to mechanical loading. Osteoarthr Cartil. 24, (2), 335-344 (2016).
- Kaul, R., et al. The Effect of Altered Loading on Mandibular Condylar Cartilage. PLoS ONE. 11, (7), 0160121 (2016).
- Dyment, N. A., et al. High-Throughput, Multi-Image Cryohistology of Mineralized Tissues. J Vis Exp. e54468 (2016).
- Kawamoto, T. Use of a new adhesive film for the preparation of multi-purpose fresh-frozen sections from hard tissues, whole-animals, insects and plants. Arch Histol Cytol. 66, (2), 123-143 (2003).
- Hayman, A. R. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and the osteoclast/immune cell dichotomy. Autoimmunity. 41, (3), 218-223 (2008).


text:
For those of you who know me, you know that I spend the majority of my free time playing Magic, which is probably why I still haven't managed to hit level 50 in SW:TOR, haven't 100% completed Arkham City, and haven't even touched a number of other games.
I've been playing magic since M12, playing all the competitive formats from Legacy to Standard but with summer coming and having (I hope) additional time to play want to get into some casual formats. This has got my attention to cube and the awesome possibilities available. For those that don't know, cube is a limited draft format that serves as a "greatest hits" style draft allowing players to use to most popular and most powerful cards printed.
The first step to getting into cube is designing the cube itself. Selecting the cards you want to play with, making sure they interact well together, and keeping each color and archtype equal in terms of power. For my cube, I started with the outline from Evan Erwin's cube (you can find the list here) and updated the list with new cards. The list available there hasn't been updated with Dark Ascension and doesn't have plans for Avacyn Restored. Then I added some cards that I wanted to play with and this is what I've come up with.
From here, we need to compile the cards. This is a long and time consuming process, especially if you don't have the money to simply go out and buy everything you need. Most of us can't do that. If you check out my list I've provided the cheapest price for each card (based on starcitygames.com prices). If you notice only the white cards will cost you around $250. So just buying all the cards is not necessarily an option for most people. Moving forward I'll be posting on Monday with any progress I've made throughout the previous week. I'm hoping to use my current trade stock and any winnings from playing competitive events to add to my cube collection.
I'm not starting from scratch, though, I currently have eight cards that are cube ready. Here they are:
Lightning Bolt
Savage Lands
Tectonic Edge
Devil's Play
Sheoldred, Whispering One
Geist-Honored Monk
Boros Signet
Seems pretty pedestrian for someone who plays a lot of competitive magic, right? Well you are right, I've picked those becase they are all PIMP! The way I see it, anyone can build a cube but not everyone can have a pimp cube full of foils.
That's my start and I'd love some feedback on my list and anything else, especially if you have experience with cubing. I'll be back next week with any progress I've made and any additional ideas.
Until then keep it real!


text:
Exceptional Quality Since1987
Arlington: (703) 538-5941, 5155 Lee Highway
Springfield: (703)912-5600, 6681F Backlick Rd.
Hours: 11am - 8pm Mon, Tue, Thur, Fri, Sat
Closed Wednesday, 11am - 6pm Sunday
Eyebrow Threading
Other Services
We Buy Gold
22K Gold Jewelry, Jewelers, Eyebrow Threading, Northern VA, Virginia, DC, MD, Indian Jewelry, Pakistani, 24K Gold Bar, Diamonds, watches, Jewelry Repair, Watches, Buy Gold, Sell Gold, Necklaces, Rings, Sets, Bangles, Sari, Shalwar Kameez, Costume Jewelry
22K Gold in Northern VA, Virginia, DC, MD, Arlington, Springfield, Falls Church, Alexandria, Sterling, Ashburn, Leesburg, Herndon, Chantilly, Fairfax, Manassas,
WE BUY GOLD - Sell your old gold in-store. All types of gold accepted: 10K, 12K, 14K, 18K, 22K and 24K Gold. Old or broken jewelry, bars, coins, and pieces of gold.


text:
ECB target 'impossible' without loans sale, PTSB says
Regulatory guidance makes loan sale inevitable, bank chief to tell Oireachtas committee
PTSB chief executive Jeremy Masding: "It is simply not possible to meet the regulator's target and time scale within the capital envelope without a loan sale." Photograph: Alan Betson
Permanent TSB (PTSB) will tell the Oireachtas finance committee on Thursday that it will be impossible to reach European Central Bank targets to reduce its level of bad loans without resorting to loan sales.
The 75 per cent State-owned lender has endured political criticism since it unveiled plans in February to sell €3.7 billion of distressed buy-to-let and owner-occupier mortgages as it seeks to cut its 26 per cent non-performing loans (NPLs) ratio, the highest among Irish banks, to the 5 per cent European Union average.
"Of course, the regulator did not dictate specifically how individual banks should reduce NPLs. We have never claimed that," PTSB chief executive Jeremy Masding will say in his opening statement to the committee, a copy of which has been seen by The Irish Times.
"As we stand today, the regulatory guidance makes a loan sale an inevitable choice by the bank – even if it's not a specific direction by the regulator. It is simply not possible to meet the regulator's target and time scale within the capital envelope without a loan sale."
Listen to Inside Business
NPL ratio target
The ECB has set out the NPLs ratio target, the "various tools" which can be used to lower the number, and the time scale under which it must be done, Mr Masding's statement noted.
News of the planned PTSB loan sale – known as Project Glas – prompted Fianna Fáil to introduce proposed laws that would see buyers of such loans, most likely overseas private-equity or hedge funds, come under direct regulation of the Central Bank. Currently, only the firms servicing the loans are subject to regulation.
PTSB executives said last week that they were seeking regulatory approval to reclassify €900 million of restructured loans in Project Glas as performing loans. This would allow the lender to pull the debt from the portfolio sale.
This part of the portfolio is made up of 4,300 borrowers who have had their mortgages split, where repayments on part of the loan are put off to a future date. Under current European banking rules, these remain categorised as NPLs.
Separately, AIB will confirm to the Oireachtas committee on Thursday that it does not plan to sell owner-occupier loans as it seeks to lower its 16 per cent NPLs ratio, amounting to €10.2 billion of loans, down to European Union norms. That would equate to reducing the stock of bad loans to €3 billion to €4 billion in AIB's case, executives from the lender will tell the Oireachtas committee.
The bank is known to be in the process of selling a portfolio of non-performing commercial real-estate and buy-to-let loans, known as Project Redwood and which has a par value of about €3.75 billion.
The bank said that it expects more than €3 billion of restructured loans that are in a probationary period to fall out of the NPL classification in the coming years.


text:
Hannah is a long sleeve top in a lightweight cotton. The bias cut provides a sporty and relaxed feel; the wider set round neck has a collarette edge while the shoulder seam is slightly moved back. The semi-fitted body has extended slim long sleeves, and the side seams have a chain stitching. The fabric is woven in Portugal.
100% Cotton


text: For all those who love the 'extra baroque bitmappiness' (-Typographica) of Speak Up!, here's an oldie but goodie link to one of the folks who started it all: the one and only Susan Kare, creator of Chicago, Geneva, and the immortal dog-cow Moof! She even has an extra-tasty collection of pixel fonts and icons for sale. Nice collection of design-related articles as well. My virgin post, be gentle.


text:
|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|r..@engelschall.com (Ralf S. Engelschall)
|Re: List maintenance item
|Thu, 07 Aug 1997 21:49:42 GMT
In article <Pine.GSO.3.95q.970807162157.4137B-100000@csa> you wrote: >[...] > The documentation should be provided in the > HTML format (I think so anyways), just because most of the people > are familiar with it. Providing a good template for the web page is > essential. Hmmmm... I disagree with this, because although everyone is familiar with HTML you cannot easily create both TXT and Postscript from it. And even if it works, it's a bad hack. What we really need is a meta-language from which we can generate in batch the other formats. SGML and the LinuxDOC-DTD in conjunction with SGML-Tools is such an approach. And, of course, the source is very similar to HTML, so everyone should be happy with the markup language. The other point is SDF: It is much simpler then SGML or HTML and also provides really good output formats. And at least the Perl hackers like it because it is like POD. Ok, its a totally different approach and away from HTML, but ok for a meta-language. > NOTE: Some people may argue that HTML is not a best format and I > agree, so personally I do not care about the format per se, except that > the only requirement is that there are tools to convert that format to > HTML. Yes, but thats not all: We really need HTML _AND_ Postscript. Only HTML is not enough. > Now, there are a bunch of freeware tools out there to convert > HTML to a number of different formats. My thoughts on the matter are: > - use HTML as a base and reference on the website > - provide a single converted PostScript and PDF docs > -this is useful for downloading and printing whole docs > - provide .HLP files via HTML->RTF converter. > - then all we need is some .HPJ files and we got windows docs. > Additional format maybe added later on if people are requesting them, but > the above should be bare minimum. Here SDF would be nice, because it already provides ASCII, HTML, Postscript _AND_ Windows Help File Format. > Regarding general setup > - every page should have a link to searchable contents > - multiple cross-referencing of topics > - table of contents Provided by both SGML-Tools and SDF. > - tools (distributed with docs) to automatically > regenerate documentations. Fine with SGML-Tools and SDF. > - some form of style guide for writing the docs Can be minimal because all bells and whistles (header, footer) etc. are generated, the table of contents is given (after discussion!) and the SGML approach is a pure markup approach with only a few markup tags. So, the only required style guide would be how to structure the sections of the handbook, etc. But this can be minimal. > Plan: > - everyone come up with a single page setup and put it on some > web page where people can try it out and pick the best one. Leads to a webdesigner fight who creates the coolest webpage. And because HTML is only one of our target formats this should be not needed. The goal is more this: The handbook should look as similar as it can in all formats. SGML-Tools with my post-processing filters is nic here: The HTML looks nearly the same as the Postscript printed on paper. > - negotiate a table of contents Already put on STATUS and should be discussed after we have choosen the language/tool. > - write tools for automatic generation of docs Good Makefiles can be enough, I think. > - write docs > - ideally this would be a multicycle process, where > an "editor(s)" check contents before approval. > - due to the everchanging nature of the server, it would > be futile to write docs on new stuff, therefore we should > start with stable (unlikely to change) topics, like : > - CGI, SSI, etc. +1. Good idea. But we have at least to incorporate the 90% of the current apache/htdocs/* stuff. Because the Apache Handbook should _REPLACE_ this area in the future. So at least every module and every config directive should be documented in the handbook. >[...] Greetings, Ralf S. Engelschall email@example.com www.engelschall.com
|View raw message


text:
So, now that you have made the decision to use WordPress for your podcast website, it is about time you found a suitable design to go alongside your new site. Fortunately, choices are plentiful.
There's a lot to love about WordPress as a content management platform. Last year, the Gutenberg Editor was introduced. And hindsight, it is an excellent addition to a quickly evolving content publishing platform. On top of that, learning to style your WordPress site with CSS is also extremely simple. If your theme doesn't provide a specific option, you can almost always find a solution yourself within minutes of searching.
And if you ever need an outsider to help you out, it's worth knowing that WordPress has one of the biggest developer communities around. Whether it's content or design outsourcing that you're after — you have plenty of options to find a suitable solution.
Now that we know a little bit more about the customization aspect of WordPress, let us dive deeper into the best WordPress podcast themes. Essentially, these are themes created specifically for podcast website. All features, design elements, and other settings are tailored specifically for making your podcast stand out in front of your audience.
#1: StreamKing
Are you in charge of your own podcast? You might even have an online radio that you operate. Either way, StreamKing is a revolutionary WordPress podcast theme. Perfectly designed, thoughtfully configured, and packed with tens of custom design layouts. Not only that, you have the freedom to modify each layout to your own liking.
It would be an understatement to say that StreamKing has a distinct, modern character. So, what about its features and what can you expect?
- Visually edit your site appearance with the Elementor page builder addon.
- Insert content from popular audio sites like Stitcher, Mixcloud, Audioboom, Podbean, and many others.
- An integrated podcast audio player so you don't have to install third-party addons.
- You can choose to host ALL your media locally on your site.
- Fully responsive and adapts to mobile smartphones and tables automatically. Never worry about mobile compatibility!
If you love organizing things, then you'll love organizing your podcasts into series with this theme. Each episode can be assigned a category which will then be displayed separately on the site. This gives your audience a chance to tune into podcasts that they truly are interested in hearing.
All in all, a theme that makes it easy to host your podcast episodes with WordPress. All the while, do it in style and with a strong set of features.
More Info / Download Demo Get Hosting
#2: Podcastr
Podcastr has a strong vibe of being a podcast theme for individual artists, hosts, and creators. It is built as a personal portfolio theme but for podcast episodes. Its strongest point is the accessibility of site content. The last thing you want is for your audience to get lost on your website. And as such, Podcastr offers easy navigation, plenty of room for adding custom content, and an in-built marketing suite to promote yourself.
Here are some of the features you're going to love:
- Create an RSS Feed on the go so that you can submit it to all the popular podcast directories and platforms.
- Import episodes if you have been submitting them to another publisher thus far. Podcastrs algorithm will automatically recreate pages that match those same episodes you hosted elsewhere.
- A "live visualizer" type of a podcast player that can play episodes back to back without the need for human input.
- On the customization side of things, you've got access to an amazing live Drag and Drop editor. Go wild with your creative design ideas!
- All customers get access to 1-year of premium support and theme updates. Save yourself from having to find an external party for support.
And that's just the fundamental set of features that the Podcastr theme has to offer. For example, you can use this theme to host a single podcast show. Which is ideal for independent creators. However, should you want to host multiple shows — this also can be done. The theme will automatically separate different type of shows and give your audience the choice to choose between specific categories.
More Info / Download Demo Get Hosting
#3: StandUp
This theme is a little different, with a twist even. It is first and foremost targeted at Stand Up comedians. But, if you think about it, most comedians record their shows just like podcast hosts. As such, the StandUp podcast theme for WordPress is suitable for both scenarios.
You can use it to display your individual information, upcoming show dates, but also to host full episodes of your shows. Including podcasts, of course. Most comedians will upload their shows to YouTube because of the many marketing benefits attached to it.
So, the StandUp theme will simply index your entire YouTube channel and display episode information this way. It's a lot less work on your part, but it makes for phenomenal user experience. Tens of thousands of comedians and stand up artists are using the StandUp theme to make their website shine. Will you join them?
More Info / Download Demo Get Hosting
#4: SpeakerPress
Looking for something complete? A WordPress podcast theme that's simply ready to go? Well, SpeakerPress is one of the best choices on the market. It is a theme that prioritizes listing episodes, highlighting your partners, and you can even write blog content if you like. Furthermore, the design style is simple, neatly organized, and provides great accessibility.
In terms of features, here are few of the notable ones:
- Import a ready-made demo that you can start using from day one.
- All episodes you upload will generate a pre-made RSS feed, which can be used to populate your podcast on popular podcast directories and platforms.
- Want to customize or create a new layout? No worries, SpeakerPress provides full-on Drag & Drop visual editor.
- And if spending time editing isn't your thing, then simply choose from one of the 100+ layout variations provided out of the box.
- Can be translated through RTL support, and the theme is fully responsive. So, your mobile audience won't have any issues with listening to your episodes on their smartphones or other modern devices.
All in all, you don't need any prior coding experience to make this theme work for you. And that is also the promise of all Sonaar themes. We love to build stuff that simply works. Should you ever need support, our team of experts is at your disposal so as long as you remain an active customer.
More Info / Download Demo Get Hosting
#5: CastroPress
Saving the best for last? It entirely depends on what your preference in design is. But as far as CastroPress goes; this is an outstanding podcasting theme for WordPress sites. It has that distinct darkish design scheme which emphasizes things like episode listings and other website elements.
The theme is integrated with a custom-built podcast playing plugin, which provides a seamless experience for anyone to tune into your shows. Further, you can upload and display episodes both in video and audio formats. In this sense, CastroPress tries to make it as easy as possible for your audience to listen to your shows. And if necessary, share them with their friends.
And what better way to manage your podcast episodes than uploading them directly from your WordPress dashboard? This theme, like many other themes at Sonaar, help you create meaningful content with pre-built quality-of-life features.
More Info / Download Demo Get Hosting
Finding the best WordPress podcast theme isn't that straightforward of a task. You'll always have to look at personal preference. You'll have to investigate whether a theme supports a specific feature you're after. But as far as a complete conclusion for this roundup, these are without question some of the best podcasting themes on the market. Sure, you're going to need to make a nominal investment.
Though, it will be justified through amazing designs, great support team, and awesome features to take your podcast show to the next level!


text:
Process Engineering Technician
Santa Clara Valley (Cupertino), California, United States
At Apple, we believe new ideas have a way of becoming extraordinary products, services, and customer experiences very quickly. Bring passion and dedication to your job and there's no telling what you could accomplish. The battery group is looking for a Lab Technician who will support process engineering. We are looking for someone with a background in device fabrication and experience with test methods. This position will involve interaction with all aspects of design, test, and validation of advanced materials
Key Qualifications
- Hands-on experience in thin-film processes and/or back-end processes to support thin-film devices
- Operation and maintenance of high precision process tools
- Operation of metrology and analytical tools
- Experience in an R&D, pilot or small manufacturing team environment
- Demonstration of experiment ownership and accurately results and data recording
- Comfort with cleanroom and controlled environment protocols
- Must be able to work independently as well with other team members
- Able to follow standard operating procedures and safety protocols
- Self-starter with time management capability and a can-do attitude
- Excellent verbal and written communication skills
- Experience with Mac OS X, Windows OS and other productivity tools
Work closely with engineers to support process development work Ability to organize and execute complex, detailed test procedures with guidance from engineers Manually load samples on to process tools Configure and run complex measurement setups using high accuracy test equipment Maintain and troubleshoot measurement equipment Maintain a clean, orderly, and safe work environment
Education & Experience
Technical Degree
Additional Requirements


text:
12 November 2018
Trends: self-employment
The Office of National Statistics has found that the number of self-employed increased from 3.3 million people (12.0% of the labour force) in 2001 to 4.8 million (15.1% of the labour force) in 2017. If you're thinking about starting your own business, B P Collins' range of practices can help. Here's some key advice.
Victoria Holland, partner, corporate and commercial
It's important to recognise that if you are a sole trader then everything you own will be at risk should you have a dispute, whereas trading through a limited company should protect personal assets. It's also important to limit your liability in any contract under which you will provide your services.
Money can be tight when running your own business. Have you set out your payment terms in your contract with clients so you know when you will be paid?
It is also absolutely vital to be aware of the tax implications of being self-employed. You will have to retain money to meet tax, as this may not be deducted from what is paid to you.
Chris Brazier, senior associate, employment and business immigration
When hiring it's always important to have a signed contract in place for your new employee. It's tempting to download one from the web but it won't be tailored to your company; it may have irrelevant clauses; and might not have the right terms and conditions to protect either party. It's also likely to be more cost effective to create a new contract than have a lawyer review an existing one. Basic policies should also be considered, with the most important being a disciplinary and grievance procedure. Also be mindful of GDPR compliance. For example, there is an obligation on employers to be transparent as to how personal data will be used.
If you're hiring an employee, you're obliged to check if they've a right to work in the UK. Review their passport and take a copy to keep on file before employment begins. This secures your statutory excuse, which protects you against liability from illegal worker penalties of up to £20,000 and, in the most serious cases, criminal liability.
Naadim Shamji, solicitor, private client
If you're acting as a sole trader, there is usually no formal business structure in place. So if you become incapacitated, it is unlikely that your business will continue to be able to operate, because the assets of that business will become inaccessible by third parties.
The way around this is to have a lasting power of attorney (LPA) in place. You might wish to appoint your spouse, or if it's a more complex business, a trusted colleague who is familiar with the business, to take over as your attorney.
If you're trading through a limited company, you would need to ensure that your Articles of Association contain appropriate provisions to deal with succession to running the company, as the role of director cannot be delegated through the LPA.
If you leave a will then you can make clear who should inherit your business on your death, otherwise the intestacy rules may result in ownership passing in a way which was not intended.
If a self-employed person becomes incapacitated, the name on the business bank account will determine how it can be accessed by a family member. If it's in an individual's name, acting as a sole trader, an attorney under an LPA can normally have access to the account. If it's in the company's name, then a new director would need to be appointed.
If you need advice, call 01753 889995 or email email@example.com


text:
there is nothing quite like the outdoors.........
Carolina Adventure Guides, LLC offers refunds to all deposits or full payments for an adventure trip or local outing under the following conditions:
A $10 processing fee is applicable to all deposits and full payments . This fee covers Credit Card processing and administrative costs.
Full refund less the $10 processing fees are given to cancellations of Adventure trips made 45 days prior to the trip start date. No refunds are given to cancellations made less than 45 days of the trip start date.
Full refunds are given to any cancellation of local outings made 72 hours prior to the outing start time. No refunds are given to cancellations made less than 72 hours of the local outing start time.
In the event that Carolina Adventure Guides cancels or postpones an Adventure Trip or Local Outing all Deposits and Full Payments will be refunded and no fees will apply.
Allow 3 to 5 business days for all refunds to be process
We reserve the the right to refuse service to any body not in capacity to safety participate in any event.
INCLEMENT WEATHER POLICY: In the effort to offer a better outdoor experience we reserve the right to cancel all Climbing/Rappelling outings on days when Weather is below 45f for more than 50% of the outing (half of the activity time) , heat is "extreme" or Rain / T- Storm is a valid variable in the forecast.
This policy is in effect for the benefits of our clients.
In case of Inclement weather a new date will be "credited" to all clients or "Full Activity Credits" will be giving as requested.
This Inclement Weather Policy may vary for Winter Events.
* What is the difference between rappelling and rock climbing?
In ROCK CLIMBING the participant uses climbing techniques and gear to scale a rock wall . the aim is to climb a natural rock formation by mean of technique. At the end of the climb , using an intermediate anchor the process repeat on a higher wall or as in Top Rope Climbing the climber is lower down to the ground by mean of a belayer.
In RAPPELLING the participant abseil down a rock wall on a control manner by mean of a rope. The aim is to descent a high position in a control manner using only one solid point of protection .
Both of these activities take place outdoors but in difference locations.
For both of them you want to bring your camera and be ready to have fun.
* How much prior experience does a person need for Rock Climbing or Rappelling?
None necessary. Our ROCK CLIMBING CLASS , INTRO TO ROCK CLIMBING and RAPPELLING EXPERIENCE programs are tailored to tech you all the basic you need to know and to help those with previous experience to hone their skills.
*What is CAG Intro to Rock climbing ?
Carolina Adventure Guides Intro to rock climbing class teaches basic knots, climbing techniques, safety practices , climbing terms, and more. Ideal for those who are curious to try this amazing sport.
You will be oriented and directed as to how to Rock climb on a TOP ROPE setting on a friendly and safe way. By the end of the day you will have a good understanding of the technical aspect of rock climbing. All gear will be provided.
* How long is the "Rappelling Experience"courses ?
5 hours for a Full Group. A group Smaller than 8 may take 4 to 5 hours.
* What is the ratio of instructions to actual practice in the Rappelling Experience?
1 hour instruction and the rest is rappelling / climbing practice. You are guaranty at least 2 rappels in two different locations.
*What types of clothing and footwear does someone need for rappelling / climbing?
Appropriate dress is comfortable "quick dry" athletically fit to the body outdoor/sports clothing
*What type of shoes should I bring ?
Comfortable sturdy footwear such as closed toe "keen" style sandals or trail shoes/sneakers are appropriate. Hiking boots are not necessary and may be difficult to climb in. Please no flip-flops. You DO NOT need climbing specific shoes for this event, but if you have them, they will be helpful during the climb.
*What type of shoes should I bring ?
Tennis shoes or trail runner would be enough to climb the wall we offer.
*What happen if It rains?
In the event of Rain , the outing will be cancel of postpone to a later time of the day or a later date. In the case of It to be cancel and reschedule for a later date the participant will have the opportunity to re book to any Open Date of their convenience .
In the Outdoor Adventure Industry Tips are not expected but they are appreciated. It is a personal decision
*What about a waiver?
Please Email us requesting a CAG waiver : firstname.lastname@example.com


text:
Massachusetts couples who have decided to split have a great deal to think about from the moment they make that crucial decision to end their marriage to the day they receive their final papers stating their union has been legally dissolved. Many individuals would likely say that child support is one of the more challenging issues to negotiate during the divorce process. For some people, alimony can be an equally contentious topic, particularly if the split is less than amicable. Divorcing individuals who need to visit this topic are smart to know the facts before the discussion begins.
First, an individual entering into alimony negotiations should determine his or her financial picture to use as a starting point, including the estimated cost of the desired lifestyle and future earning capacity. As well, it is important for people to know the laws in their state regarding alimony payments, as this knowledge can help a divorcing individual manage expectations and enter negotiations with realistic goals. It is also important to know that most states do not have standard guidelines for alimony, so factors can be applied differently in each case.
In addition to knowing the facts, it's best to check emotions before initiating alimony negotiations. People are more likely to achieve their desired outcome, avoid negativity and save on stress if they focus instead on the facts and steps they need to take to get where they want to go. As well, according to an expert in finances and divorce, once the alimony plan is in place legally, divorcing couples should avoid making agreements about changes outside a legal setting, as doing so can lead to a slippery slope. Finally, although in some cases, waiving alimony may make sense, people are wise to first carefully consider the decision to do so, as the topic cannot be revisited later if circumstances change.
When people decide to divorce, they have so many issues to deal with, and many individuals who are in the middle of this process can attest to the great amount of emotional stress that often results from negotiations. Divorcing individuals who arm themselves with the facts are likely to reduce this stress and ultimately reach an agreement that meets their financial needs. A Massachusetts family law attorney can assist people with making important decisions that will affect their financial future.


text:
Postdoctoral Associate
Contact: 706-542-1122
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
He Fu is a currently a postdoctoral research associate in Mary Ann Moran's lab at the University of Georgia. Born and raised in China, he received a liberal arts education in Wuhan University with a major in Biology. Concerned about many pressing environmental issues yet equally impressed with the metabolic diversity of microbes, he joined Ning-Yi Zhou's lab working on bioremediation. Very soon, however, he realized that more wonders, beauties and mysteries are hidden inside the microbial world. In 2011, he came to the US and joined Bill Metcalf's lab at the University of Illinois, working on the metabolism of methylated sulfur compounds by Methanosarcina acetivorans, a model marine methanogen, and its impact to the global sulfur cycle and climate change. After earning his Ph.D. degree in 2017, he joined the Moran lab to delve deeper into marine microbial ecology/microbial oceanography. He currently focuses on bacterial community assembly in model phycospheres, and is broadly interested in microbial physiology, ecology and evolution.
When not doing bench work, he enjoys reading science, history, philosophy, poetry and everything in between. While in graduate school, he translated Martin Blaser's Missing Microbes: How the Overuse of Antibiotics is Fueling Our Modern Plagues into Chinese, which came out in 2016 and won the Chinese National Library Book Award in 2017.


text:
Getting invited to a pool party can be very exciting. However, if you have to plan it yourself then it requires lot of consideration before organising one.
Attending pool parties was more of trend in western countries, but this trend is picking up in Delhi quickly these days. Parties are a great way to socialise with your friends, and hence, today you can find many pool party venues in Delhi these days. Organising a pool party isn't easy, and hence, requires lot of planning for organising one. Let us take a look at some factors that should be considered while planning the party:-
- Pool parties are usually organised during spring season since pools give good reason to beat the summer heat. So you should plan the party on a perfect summer day when it is pleasant and people can enjoy the weather with food, drinks and music.
- Party is nothing without good food, drinks and music. Food served during pool parties are mostly consists of appetisers and snacks. You would hardly find a proper buffet organised for a pool party. Snacks should be both vegetarian and non-vegetarian catering to both kinds of guest. No one should feel left out. Hiring a good caterer would be a good choice. If you don't have space issues, then having a live kitchen would add flavour to the party.
- You cannot imagine a pool party without drinks. You should be ready to serve all kinds of liquor as well as normal drinks as well. Setting up a bar and hiring bartenders would be a good option. Since they are trained in serving drinks, therefore they can manage well in the quantity of liquor you provided. Also, women in the party like to drink cocktails so these people have experience in preparing cocktails as well
- Music should always go with the theme of the party. Therefore, light beach music or trance is a good option. Hire a DJ since they have good knowledge about the music.
- Pool parties that are organised in western countries means women wearing swimsuits and men wearing boxer shorts with bare upper bodies. However in India, wearing a swimsuit to a party can be intimidating. But you can ask people to wear light coloured clothes like shorts or skirts and men can wear half pants in neutral colours.
- Since it's a pool party, therefore you should be ready to swim as well. You should have enough floaters in the pool for people to relax and enjoy the weather with drinks and music. Arrange lay beds near pool areas for people who don't know swimming to relax. You can even have activities like beach volley in the pool as well.
So, organising a pool party is as difficult as organising a wedding ceremony. If you have a house that consist of a pool then great else there are many resorts and hotels that can give you good discounts for pool parties with a complete package of food, drinks and music.


text:
No Products in the Cart
Get this Shahada Design in Kufic Arabic Calligraphy.
Luxe Series design is a minimalist approach to emphasis the beautiful calligraphy works, you have an option of a black or white marble background.
The shahadah is the Islamic creed. It means "to testify" or "to bear witness" in Arabic. The shahadah is the Muslim declaration of belief in the oneness of God and in Muhammad as his final prophet. Recitation of the shahadah is one of the Five Pillars of Islam for Muslims.
What do you get
Yes, we provide SECURE Shipping! with a Waybill Number for Orders outside Nairobi so you can track your shipment.
We pride ourselves on the quality of each product we produce, and we are confident that you will love your canvas wall art.
If your order is damaged during transit, lost in transit or not as agreed, notify us within 30 days, we will exchange or replace your prints of your choice (at the same value).
* The product picture is not to scale
* Everything is HAND framed therefore there will be a little discrepancy in each Canvas Print but rest assured we will never send anything out that isn't as close to perfect as possible!
* As we print on demand, please allow 48hrs (excl. Sundays) for orders to reach you.
|Blue, Purple, White
|20, 24
|100% Polyester


text:
Hey guys, this is going to be the guide where you can get how to download the Vigo Lite for PC and I'm going to let you know about the thing is pretty simple ways. You need to go through the guide I'm sharing down here and within a few minutes, you'll be done with everything. Then you can start using this Vigo Lite Android App at your computer.
The guide I'm sharing down here is going to work on any Windows and Mac computer and you don't need to worry about anything since it will be a complete step by step process. You simply need to go through whatever I'll be sharing with you and that's all will be done from my end.
I'll be sharing features of this app first so that you can come to know exactly what it's all about and how it's going to benefit you in using it on your computer. You're aware of the fact that it isn't available officially for the PC platform but still, there is a way to do the same. If you find any trouble then just write it down in the comment section and I'll bring out the solution as soon as I can.
Check Future Trending App: Vigo Video for PC & Free Download for Windows 10/8/7 and Mac


text:
Jo is ready to dominate with her first official single from her upcoming album!
UPDATE: Jojo and Wiz ain't apologizing for **** in the newly-premiered music video for "F–k Apologies." The clip was directed by Francesco Carrozzini, the mastermind behind Beyonce's "Jealous" and Lana Del Rey's "Ultraviolence" videos. Watch:
JoJo unleashes the first single from her upcoming studio album.
It turns out that Twitter troll was right. On Wednesday (July 27) night, JoJo released the first official single, "F–k Apologies" with Wiz Khalifa, from her upcoming album Mad Love for the world to hear.
The song, produced by Wolf Cousins and Matt Friedman, debuted on digital stores and streaming services at midnight on Wednesday. The single cover depicts the "Too Little Too Late" songstress decked out in some killer blue wardrobe while looking fierce! The song also features rapper Wiz Khalifa which adds a nice touch to the unapologetic song, although I'm sure we all would love an alternate solo version in the near future so we can hear JoJo slay a bridge as per usual.
Along with the "Apologies" premiere, JoJo dropped some exclusive deets about her album Mad Love via Facebook Live: The album will have 13 tracks, and it will have three features as well. Not counting Wiz Khalifa, I wonder who the features are. Ariana Grande? Tori Kelly?
The music video for "F–k Apologies" will debut on Friday, July 29, and the song will be available worldwide on Friday as well. If you're in the US, you can buy or stream the song on iTunes, or stream below via Spotify.
Thoughts? Let us know in Exhale.
And while you're at it… leave a comment and follow us on Facebook, Twitter & Instagram.


text:
ONLINE SECURE VIDEO SESSIONs: COVID-19
ONLINE SECURE VIDEO SESSIONs: COVID-19
Therapy starts with you reaching out.
Next we discuss the challenges that you are facing, your strengths, and your goals for therapy.
Next we assess the situation.
Finally we apply agreed upon treatment that will work for your situation and the unique concern that you are facing.
You can feel better and thrive in your life.
Call us and we will answer any questions that you have: 905-906-8533
If you are in a position that online or telephone counselling would work better for you, we now offer these services.
What models of therapy do you use? Currently we practice primarily with Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, and Person Centered Therapy
Do you have insurance/benefits coverage?
Most insurance benefits will cover our services for therapy; if you have designated coverage for therapy services. We do not do direct billing but will provide you with an electronic receipt for you to submit to your insurance provider.


text:
#TamponTax – It's A Bloody Mess
It is the natural order of things that women bleed during menstruation. Gentlemen, if reading that was uncomfortable, you have no idea! Menstrual hygiene, women's sanitary protection (WSP) is essential to health and safety. So, it is appalling that Her Majesty's Revenue and Customs has classed WSP as 'non-essential, luxury items' and charge VAT. The Government is being petitioned to end the #TamponTax (#TT), as it is known. The Government should remove it immediately but say this is not possible without EU intervention. Meanwhile, in a devious and nocuous move they have taken some of the proceeds from the #TT and directed them to charities that provide services to women who are victims of violence. This sends the wrong message in an already bloody mess.
Even as a child I recognised the health and safety value of WSP. My brother cut his hand and could not find any cotton wool. I told him our sister had lots and promptly produced a tampon from her dresser. I don't think I'll send this post to him! Since then, I have discovered the primary purpose for these overpriced minuscule wads of cotton and a few others besides. They are excellent for nose bleeds (unwrap and insert!), as emergency curlers and embarrassing boyfriends. They are also aspirational; Prince Charles has expressed his desire to be a tampon!
The #TT is sexist. It is levied on products that are
unavoidable and exclusively for women and girl children, every month, for 30 years, because of our sex. It gives VAT a new meaning, Vagina Added Tax. WSP are not a bleeding luxury. I equate
luxury with pleasure like flying a helicopter, or eating exotic meat or playing bingo/lottery. On the other hand, aren't these luxuries? No. They are all exempt from VAT and, therefore, classed as 'essential'.
In October, MPs voted against a Labour motion forcing the Treasury to challenge Brussels over the #TT. Only three Tory MP's voted in favour. Yet, the Government say that they cannot remove the VAT without EU approval. However, Ireland, also in the EU does not charge VAT nor does Canada. Kenya has abolished both VAT and import duty.
Whilst MPs are sorting that out, the Government should provide WSP on prescription, where VAT does not apply. Like the condom and the pill, they should be dispensed free of charge; Or at the very least remain free of charge for young women until they start full-time work. The latter idea was from a male caller to my Thursday talk show on Galaxy 102.5fm.
In a halfway measure, sitting on the bleeding fence, George Osborne has directed some of the money raised from the #TT towards women's charities for violence. It has made me see red! This devious manoeuvre makes me appear mean-spirited if I object, but it is a perverse tax on the victims of violence, rape and abuse. In 94% of the cases of violence against women, men are the perpetrators.
Paying for violence against women using a women's only tax says that violence against women is a women's issue. This is wrong, it's so wrong there are not enough syllables in the word wrong to encompass how wrong. Taxing in this manner takes away the responsibility from men and government and hints that this type of violence is self-inflicted or we are suffering from Münchausen syndrome?
The move adds insult to injury given that 85% of Osborne's austerity measures adversely affect women in terms of both job losses and cuts to public services. In 2014, England saw 10 domestic violence centres closed in just four months. Some have seen their funding reduced by 80%. Imkaan has highlighted the serious funding crisis facing BME women's services. They report that only 154 women found refuge out of 733.
If these essential services are being funding by WSP, I won't begrudge women's charities receiving the #TT until it is reclassified. It would have been preferable to have had a choice of support groups and what will happen when the VAT is removed?
George has given self-help a whole new meaning. If followed to its logical conclusion we should tax children's books to pay for their care homes. The question of how money is spent from the #TT is a clever but harmful distraction from the issue. Either George Osborne can justify charging the #TT or he cannot. If he can, the money for women's charities against violence should come from the general pool of VAT receipts and the services should be comprehensively funded. There is no need for a separation, particularly as it sends a divisive message. If he cannot justify charging a luxury tax on necessities, and that seems likely, he should follow Kenya's example and stop the VAT. Currently, George Osborne is doing neither but causing a bloody mess.
Please sign the petition to remind George to stop the #TT.
Follow me on Twitter: www.twitter.com/imjussayin2