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The incessant crooning of the Zebra Doves (Geopelia striata) during the nesting period of June-July 2017 saw these birds preening vigorously on the branches of the trees (above) LINK.
Preening of one of a series of comfort activities that include bathing (in water, in dust ), sun bathing, stretching and anting. These activities are to maintain their feathers in good order.
Feather maintenance is crucial to the survival of birds. The wing feathers especially have to be kept in perfect conditions in case the bird needs to suddenly escape from an approaching predator.
Preening involves maintaining their feathers in top condition by grasping the base of the feathers and nibbling upwards along the shaft. This removes stale oil and dirt. It may also draw the feather through its bill to smoothen the barbs so as to lock them together. At the same time the feathers may be oiled, the source of the oil is the preen gland found at the bases of the tail feathers.
As the dove uses its bill to probe the belly, back, neck, underwings, etc., it turns and twists, fluffing the feathers.
The neck of the Zebra Dove, like that of most birds, is extremely flexible. This is not normally realised as the neck is folded in an s-shape and always covered with feathers. This long neck allows the head to turn around more than 180 degrees in either direction to preen behind the head (above).
The only area that is not accessible to the bill is the head (above). So the head needs to be scratched by using the leg.
Note that the way the dove scratches its head is by the direct method, typical of terrestrial species. Arboreal species scratch by the indirect method where the leg is extended over the wing to reach the head.
YC Wee
19th July 2017


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Nitrosomonas is a genus comprising Gram-negative, rod-shaped, and chemoautotrophic bacteria.[2]
|Scientific classification
Winogradsky, 1892
N. aestuarii
This organism oxidizes ammonia into nitrite as a metabolic process, known as nitritation (a step of nitrification). Nitrosomonas are useful in a polluted water and waste treatment technique known as bioremediation. They are important in the nitrogen cycle as they increase the bioavailability of nitrogen to plants whilst limiting carbon fixation.[2] The genus is found in soil, freshwater, and on building surfaces, especially in areas that contains high levels of nitrogen compounds.
Nitrosomonas thrive in a pH range of 6.0–9.0, and a temperature range of 20–30 °C (68–86 °F). Most species are motile with a flagellum located in the polar region of the bacillus.
The organism has power-generating membranes, which form long, thin tubes inside the cell. These use electrons from the oxidation of ammonia to produce energy.[2] It obtains the carbon it requires from the atmosphere via carbon fixation, which converts gaseous carbon dioxide into carbon bound in organic molecules.
Unlike plants, which fix carbon into sugars through energy gained through the process of photosynthesis, Nitrosomonas use energy gained through the oxidation of ammonia to fix gaseous carbon dioxide into organic molecules. Nitrosomonas must consume large amounts of ammonia before cell division can occur, and the process of cell division may take up to several days. This microbe is photophobic, and will generate a biofilm matrix, or form clumps with other microbes, to avoid light.[2]
The species Nitrosomonas europaea has been identified as being able to degrade a variety of halogenated compounds including trichloroethylene, benzene, and vinyl chloride.[3] Some Nitrosomonas species possess the enzyme urease,[citation needed] which catalyzes the conversion of the urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. N. europaea, as well as populations of soil-dwelling ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), have been shown to assimilate the carbon dioxide released by the reaction to make biomass via the Calvin cycle, and harvest energy by oxidizing ammonia (the other product of urease) to nitrite. This feature may explain enhanced growth of AOB in the presence of urea in acidic environments.[4]
Some sources regard Nitrobacteraceae to be the family of the genus Nicosomonas.
See alsoEdit
- ^ Nakagawa, T; Takahashi, R (2015). "Nitrosomonas stercoris sp. nov., a Chemoautotrophic Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacterium Tolerant of High Ammonium Isolated from Composted Cattle Manure". Microbes and Environments. 30 (3): 221–7. doi:10.1264/jsme2.ME15072. PMC 4567560. PMID 26156554.
- ^ a b c d "Nitrosomonas - microbewiki".
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-07-03. Retrieved 2008-10-25.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
- ^ Marsh, K. L., G. K. Sims, and R. L. Mulvaney. 2005. Availability of urea to autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria as related to the fate of 14C- and 15N-labeled urea added to soil. Biol. Fert. Soil. 42:137-145.
- George M. Garrity: Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Vol. 2: The Proteobacteria Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria ISBN 0-387-24145-0
- Winogradsky, S. 1892. Contributions à la morphologie des organismes de la nitrification. Archives des Sciences Biologiques (St. Petersbourg). 1:86-137.

subset: commoncrawl


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The Double Watch Winder in Solid Oak made in the UK by Aevitas
Adding to the British Made Collection we now have the 2 watch version of this beautiful Watch Winder manufactured by Aevitas. It looks fantastic in position with high quality watches and contemporary or classic surroundings. A superb choice for the avid watch collector. Solid Oak sourced locally and sustainable.


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Why did the U.S invade Cuba?
There are continuous theories that continue to spread to this day about why the U.S invaded Cuba. After the destruction of the Maine naval ship, the United States immediately began to point the blame towards the Spanish. With the mistreatment of Cubans by the Spanish, America came to the realization that they must invade the country. However, Because of Cuba's geographic importance, it looked as if the United States was making up excuses in order to invade Cuba with just cause. The United States invaded Cuba in 1898 in part to the destruction of the Maine, but more importantly due to Cuba's geographic importance to the country.
The United States battleship, the Maine, was destroyed in 1898 within the Cuban Havana Harbor. Some people say that the Maine was blown up with underwater explosives by the Spanish Navy, and as a result, people began to blame Spain for the sinking of the ship. The Navy said that the ship was sunk by a water mine, but stated that it could not fix responsibility on any single person. At the time of the sinking of the Maine U.S. President William Mckinley was in office. President Mckinley had hoped to avoid going to war with Spain but knew it was inevitable, so in 1898 Mckinley declared war on Spain. Immediately after, Americans jumped to blame the Spaniards for the incident. Details of the incident were emphasized so that Americans would be on board with an invasion of Cuba, knowing that the Spanish were the main cause of the many deaths on the Maine.
Ultimately, the United States used the destruction of the Maine as a decoy and cover up the real reason for the invasion of Cuba which was because of its significance, geographically. The Spaniards were not behind the accidental destruction of the Maine, but the U.S did not care and took advantage of an opportunity that presented itself. Cuba was far too valuable for the United States to pass up. So, they found a perfect scapegoat with the...


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- This event has passed.
Farmshed Plant Sale
May 21 @ 4:00 pm - May 22 @ 7:00 pm
|Recurring Event (See all)
An event every day that begins at 4:00 pm, repeating until May 22, 2020
One event on May 23, 2020 at 10:00 am
Central Rivers Farmshed is hosting their Plant Sale on Memorial Day Weekend. The sale is open to Farmshed members Wednesday May, 20th 5-7PM, and to the public Thursday May 21st, and Friday 22nd 4-7 PM, and ends Saturday May 23rd 10-3PM. The sale is hosted in Farmshed's greenhouse, located at 1222 Briggs Street in Stevens Point.


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1. The "Cross" style
2. 304 stainless steel appearance with touch operation and digital display
3. 0 gap cavity
4. Metal foil duct
5. The patent "dual core absorber" system
6. 360-degree three-dimensional inflow structure
7. 3 speeds motor supply with different air flow
8."Non-disassembly and wash free A++" patent can separate the oil and smoke completely
Technical Specifications
Power: 220V/50Hz;
Motor power: 200W;
Maximum wind pressure: 330Pa;
Outlet size: Φ170mm;
Air flow rate: 1110m3/hr;
Noise level: 54.5dB;
Product size: 895mm×520mm×600mm
ROBAM is an experienced crossover range hood manufacturer and supplier in China. Our products include iCook range hood, gas and electric cooktop, microwave oven, electric pressure cooker, and much more.


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Studies have suggested an association between metabolic and cerebrocardiovascular diseases and major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the risk of metabolic and cerebrocardiovascular diseases in the unaffected siblings of patients with MDD remains uncertain. Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 22,438 unaffected siblings of patients with MDD and 89,752 age-/sex-matched controls were selected and followed up from 1996 to the end of 2011. Individuals who developed metabolic and cerebrocardiovascular diseases during the follow-up period were identified. Compared with the controls, the unaffected siblings of patients with MDD had a higher prevalence of metabolic diseases, such as hypertension (5.0% vs. 4.5%, p = 0.007), dyslipidemia (5.6% vs. 4.8%, p < 0.001), and obesity (1.7% vs. 1.5%, p = 0.028), and cerebrocardiovascular diseases, such as ischemic stroke (0.6% vs. 0.4%, p < 0.005) and ischemic heart disease (2.1% vs. 1.7%, p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses revealed that the unaffected siblings of patients with MDD were more likely to develop hypertension, dyslipidemia, ischemic stroke, and ischemic heart diseases during the follow-up period than the controls. Our study revealed a familial coaggregation between MDD and metabolic and cerebrocardiovascular diseases. Additional studies are required to investigate the shared pathophysiology of MDD and metabolic and cerebrocardiovascular diseases.
Family coaggregation of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), bipolar disorder (BD), major depressive disorder (MDD) and schizophrenia have been presented in previous studies. The shared genetic and environmental factors among psychiatric disorders remain elusive.
This nationwide population-based study examined familial coaggregation of major psychiatric disorders in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of individuals with ASD. Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database was used to identify 26 667 individuals with ASD and 67 998 FDRs of individuals with ASD. The cohort was matched in 1:4 ratio to 271 992 controls. The relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of ADHD, ASD, BD, MDD and schizophrenia were assessed among FDRs of individuals with ASD and ASD with intellectual disability (ASD-ID).
FDRs of individuals with ASD have higher RRs of major psychiatric disorders compared with controls: ASD 17.46 (CI 15.50–19.67), ADHD 3.94 (CI 3.72–4.17), schizophrenia 3.05 (CI 2.74–3.40), BD 2.22 (CI 1.98–2.48) and MDD 1.88 (CI 1.76–2.00). Higher RRs of schizophrenia (4.47, CI 3.95–5.06) and ASD (18.54, CI 16.18–21.23) were observed in FDRs of individuals with both ASD-ID, compared with ASD only.
The risk for major psychiatric disorders was consistently elevated across all types of FDRs of individuals with ASD. FDRs of individuals with ASD-ID are at further higher risk for ASD and schizophrenia. Our results provide leads for future investigation of shared etiologic pathways of ASD, ID and major psychiatric disorders and highlight the importance of mental health care delivered to at-risk families for early diagnoses and interventions.
Studies have suggested the detrimental effects of obesity and systemic inflammation on the cognitive function of patients with bipolar or major depressive disorder. However, the complex associations between affective disorder, obesity, systemic inflammation, and cognitive dysfunction remain unclear.
Overall, 110 patients with affective disorder (59 with bipolar I disorder and 51 with major depressive disorder) who scored ≥61 on the Global Assessment of Functioning and 51 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled. Body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 was defined as obesity or overweight. Levels of proinflammatory cytokines—including interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP)—were measured, and cognitive function was assessed using various methods, including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and go/no-go task.
Patients with bipolar I disorder or major depressive disorder were more likely to be obese or overweight, had higher CRP and TNF-α levels, and had greater executive dysfunction in the WCST than the controls. TNF-α level (P < .05) but not affective disorder diagnosis or obesity/overweight was significantly associated with cognitive function deficits, although obesity/overweight and diagnosis were significantly associated with increased TNF-α level.
Our findings may indicate that proinflammatory cytokines, but not obesity or overweight, have crucial effects on cognitive function in patients with bipolar I disorder or major depressive disorder, although proinflammatory cytokines and obesity or overweight were found to be strongly associated. The complex relationships between affective disorder diagnosis, proinflammatory cytokine levels, obesity or overweight, and cognitive function require further investigation.
Research suggests an association between metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and schizophrenia. However, the risk of metabolic disorders in the unaffected siblings of patients with schizophrenia remains unclear.
Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 3135 unaffected siblings of schizophrenia probands and 12,540 age-/sex-matched control subjects were included and followed up to the end of 2011. Individuals who developed metabolic disorders during the follow-up period were identified.
The unaffected siblings of schizophrenia probands had a higher prevalence of T2DM (3.4% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.010) than the controls. Logistic regression analyses with the adjustment of demographic data revealed that the unaffected siblings of patients with schizophrenia were more likely to develop T2DM (odds ratio [OR]: 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.10–1.75) later in life compared with the control group. Moreover, only female siblings of schizophrenia probands had an increased risk of hypertension (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.07–2.01) during the follow-up compared with the controls.
The unaffected siblings, especially sisters, of schizophrenia probands had a higher prevalence of T2DM and hypertension compared with the controls. Our study revealed a familial link between schizophrenia and T2DM in a large sample. Additional studies are required to investigate the shared pathophysiology of schizophrenia and T2DM.
Environmental characteristics (for example, temperature, photoperiod) as seasonal cues can affect the offspring sex ratio and reproductive tactics of many hymenopteran insects. Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle is the most critical invasive insect pest of Eucalyptus spp. in the world and displays thelytokous reproduction. In the current study, we studied the effects of temperature and photoperiod on offspring sex ratio and reproductive tactics in L. invasa. Results show that sex ratio (female: male) of L. invasa was under 15, 25 and 35 °C with both L 12: D 12 and L 16: D 8, and cold and thermal acclimation were 74.5:1, 71.0:1, 59.0:0, 17.3:1, 53.0:0, 64.0:0, 47.0:1 and 56.0:0, respectively, which was highly significantly female biased and with no significant difference due to temperature or photoperiod. Offspring virgin females oviposited and induced the bump-shaped galls on plants under the same conditions as described above. Constant temperature, photoperiod and their interaction, and cold and thermal acclimation had no significant effect on the infestation rates of Eucalyptus branches induced by offspring virgin females. Thus, temperature, photoperiod and cold and thermal acclimation did not influence female-biased sex ratio and tactics with thelytokous reproduction of offspring females in L. invasa.
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) increases the risk of suicidal behaviours through psychiatric comorbidities; however, a significant direct association has not been observed between ADHD and suicide attempts.
To evaluate the risk of suicide attempt in adolescents and young adults with ADHD.
Using a nationwide, population-based insurance claims database, this longitudinal cohort study enrolled 20 574 adolescents and young adults with ADHD and 61 722 age- and gender-matched controls between 2001 and 2009. Any suicide attempt was identified from enrolment to 31 December 2011. The association between ADHD medications and the likelihood of suicide attempt was assessed.
ADHD was an independent risk factor for any suicide attempt (hazard ratio = 3.84, 95% CI = 3.19–4.62) and repeated suicide attempts (hazard ratio = 6.52, 95% CI = 4.46–9.53). Subgroup analyses of men, women, adolescents and young adults demonstrated the same trend. Methylphenidate or atomoxetine treatment did not increase the risk of suicide attempt or repeated suicide attempts. Long-term methylphenidate treatment was associated with a significantly decreased risk of repeated suicide attempts in men (hazard ratio = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.22–0.97).
ADHD was a risk factor for suicide attempt and a stronger predictor of repeated suicide attempts, independent of comorbidities. Further investigation is warranted to explore the mechanism underlying the association between ADHD and suicidal behaviours.
Previous evidence has shown positive associations between post-traumatic
stress disorder (PTSD) and hypertension, dyslipidaemia and diabetes
mellitus, which are all risk factors for stroke, but the role of PTSD in
the subsequent development of stroke is still unknown.
To investigate the temporal association between PTSD and the development
of stroke.
Identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database,
5217 individuals aged 18 years, with PTSD but with no history of stroke,
and 20 868 age- and gender-matched controls were enrolled between 2002
and 2009, and followed up until the end of 2011 to identify the
development of stroke.
Individuals with PTSD had an increased risk of developing any stroke
(hazard ratio (HR) 3.37, 95% CI 2.44–4.67) and ischaemic stroke (HR =
3.47, 95% CI 2.23–5.39) after adjusting for demographic data and medical
comorbidities. Sensitivity tests showed consistent findings (any stroke
HR = 3.02, 95% CI 2.13–4.28; ischaemic stroke HR = 2.89, 95% CI
1.79–4.66) after excluding the first year of observation.
Individuals with PTSD have an increased risk of developing any stroke and
ischaemic stroke. Further studies are required to investigate the
underlying mechanisms.
This study aims to investigate barriers to the adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) for teachers of Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) in US universities. Although the development of ICT for teaching is growing, few published studies address ICT specifically regarding CFL teaching. Therefore, this study has reviewed the existing ICT literature's treatment of important ICT-related matters, including barrier factors, and has examined them in the context of CFL teaching. The current study features a mixed method, consisting of a survey and semi-structured interviews. Of the 47 CFL teachers who participated in the study, five volunteered for in-depth interviews. According to our findings, the most critical barriers to these CFL teachers' adoption of ICT were insufficient support and insufficient time for developing technology-driven pedagogy and activities. These issues are reflected in CFL teachers' unique subject expertise and workloads in existing universities' curricula and approaches to instruction. In addition, age influences CFL teachers' confidence in their use of ICT for the preparation of subject material and for teaching, whereas gender influences their willingness to spend time working on ICT.
The driving mechanism of solar flares and coronal mass ejections is a topic of ongoing debate, apart from the consensus that magnetic reconnection plays a key role during the impulsive process. While present solar research mostly depends on observations and theoretical models, laboratory experiments based on high-energy density facilities provide the third method for quantitatively comparing astrophysical observations and models with data achieved in experimental settings. In this article, we show laboratory modeling of solar flares and coronal mass ejections by constructing the magnetic reconnection system with two mutually approaching laser-produced plasmas circumfused of self-generated megagauss magnetic fields. Due to the Euler similarity between the laboratory and solar plasma systems, the present experiments demonstrate the morphological reproduction of flares and coronal mass ejections in solar observations in a scaled sense, and confirm the theory and model predictions about the current-sheet-born anomalous plasmoid as the initial stage of coronal mass ejections, and the behavior of moving-away plasmoid stretching the primary reconnected field lines into a secondary current sheet conjoined with two bright ridges identified as solar flares.
Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk is a rare congenital heart defect. Cardiac catheterization remains the standard means of diagnosis. Our purpose in this study is to emphasize the importance of assessing the electrocardiogram when making the diagnosis, in addition to taking note of transthoracic echocardiographic findings. We also analyzed the sensitivity of each parameter under investigation.
Between June, 1999, and March, 2007, we studied 9 patients, 6 males and 3 females, with a mean age of 3.02 years, in whom anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk was suspected subsequent to transthoracic echocardiographic examination. We examined their electrocardiograms, and undertook cardiac catheterization. In all patients, the transthoracic echocardiogram had shown retrograde flow into the pulmonary trunk, with the left coronary artery arising from pulmonary trunk, along with a dilated right coronary artery, or intercoronary collateral vessels. In 8 patients, the electrocardiogram showed deep Q wave in leads I and aVL, with depression of the ST segments over lead V4 through 6, or inversion of the T waves in leads I, II, and aVL. In the remaining patient, the electrocardiogram showed incomplete right bundle branch block. Later, cardiac catheterization confirmed the diagnosis in 8 patients, but the other patient was shown to have the right coronary artery arising from the pulmonary trunk.
By combining transthoracic echocardiography with study of the electrocardiogram, it is possible to provide accurate evaluation of anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary trunk.
In this work, thin ALD alumina films were fabricated for evaluating their capabilities as a barrier material for corrosive environments. The fracture toughness and the corrosion-resisting properties after fatigue cycle of these thin ALD alumina films have been characterized. Indentation tests indicate that the ALD alumina/Al structures could enhance both the yield strength of the metal and the effective fracture toughness of the coated ALD alumina films and this result could be useful for designing nanocomposite structures. However, the test results also indicate that the interfacial strength of the ALD/Al structures was prone to degrade under fatigue loading under corrosive environment. This could potentially be a problem for the long term reliability of related devices operated under a harsh environment. In addition, the strong correlation between indentation behavior and fatigue loading for the structure indicate that nanoindentation response could be possibly used to indicate the damage level of microstructures for future reliability evaluations.
We found out the promising catalyst materials(NiPd). The NiPd not only has the low melting point but also has the Pd enhancing the surface diffusion at low temperatures(<500'c ). With the Pd film thickness increasing, we could control the CNT density and synthesize more aligned and uniform CNTs. We also obtained the better electrical properties including lower turn-on field (3.4 V/um) and higher current density (34.3 mA/cm2) for NiPd as catalyst. For the advantages described above, we believe that the difficulty of low temperature on FED can be overcome. Further, the large area field emission display might be fabricated in the future.
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1. Accommodation Terms & Conditions
These terms and Conditions ("Agreement") are entered into between the Party Leader (hereinafter referred to as the "Client" and also has "you" or "your") and Debbie's Villas (hereinafter referred to as the "Service provider" and also as "we", "our" or "us"). Client and Service provider shall hereinafter collectively be referred to as the "Parties" and individually as the "Party".
All correspondence and documents are sent to the party leader, who is responsible for all payments on the booking, for ensuring that party members are kept informed of booking details and for any cancellation charges. The party leader must be at least 18 years of age at the time of placing the booking.
Please check the confirmation and any other documents carefully, immediately on receipt. You must notify us within 7 days of issue if any details are incorrect.
A contract between the service provider and the Party Leader will come into existence when both a deposit has been paid (or full payment within 8 weeks of departure) and we have dispatched our confirmation invoice.
A deposit of £100 or 20% of the total rental cost, whichever is greater, is payable immediately. If you book within 8 weeks of departure the full amount is due at the time of booking. Your deposit is non-refundable in the event of cancellation and other conditions may also apply. These will be advised at time of booking. The balance of your holiday cost is due not less than 8 weeks prior to departure, as shown on the confirmation invoice. If all payments are not made by the due date, we reserve the right to treat your holiday as cancelled by you and a charge of up to 100% of the final invoice total may be levied.
We reserve the right to increase/decrease the prices of properties advertised at any time. As our properties are located in different countries, we have to deal in the local currency - therefore we convert this into GBP using the current exchange rate. The cost of your chosen accommodation will be confirmed at time of booking. Once your reservation has been confirmed any future increases in costs will not be applied to your booking.
Should you amend the booking after it has been confirmed, we reserve the right to increase the costs to those currently advertised.
Our homes are located in residential areas. Parties that exceed the number of people allowed in each home are forbidden.
Check-in time is strictly 4pm and check-out time is strictly 10am. Anything outside of these times must be confirmed in writing prior to arrival and a fee may be payable. Entering the property earlier, or staying beyond the agreed check-out time, is not allowed and the local Management Companies could call law-enforcement agencies to assist them if you disregard these times.
On your arrival, it is in your party's interests to check the property for damages and breakages. If any damages or breakages are found please take photographic evidence and notify the Management Company. After occupying the villa for 24 hours you will be liable for any damages or breakages. The property will be checked immediately after guest departure. Should any breakage or damage occur during your stay, you must notify the Management Company immediately. Should the cost of repair or replacement be your responsibility, the Management Company will advise you and will expect the costs to be settled during your stay. We will be notified in this event.
If you change your holiday arrangements we will do our best to help you, but you must first send a written request to do so. Any changes made become effective when we have given you written confirmation. An administration fee will be chargeable immediately.
If you wish to cancel your holiday, you must notify us in writing. Cancellation will become effective from the date it is received at our reservations office. A cancellation notice will be issued as soon as possible. Cancellations made after the deposit has been paid, but before the balance is due, will result in the loss of the deposit. Cancellations made after the balance has been paid and with less then 8 weeks to go before the start of the holiday will result in the loss of all monies paid.
Parents must supervise children at all times, particularly in the pool area, and when accessing the villa via an uncarpeted area. Glassware at the poolside is prohibited. It is an unseen danger to you and others.
Occasionally we have to make changes to, and correct errors on, our website and other details, both before & after bookings have been confirmed and to cancel confirmed bookings. Whilst we always try to avoid changes & cancellations, we reserve the right to do so.
Most changes are minor. Occasionally, we need to make an accommodation change. Within the holiday industry, property owners can occasionally change management companies or decide to sell their property, which may cause it to be unavailable. This is unfortunately unavoidable and an industry-wide problem. This is not a 'significant' change as we are almost always able to offer similar replacements. Although having to change your accommodation is a rare occurrence, if it does happen we will act swiftly in order to remedy the situation. If we do have to make a change like this to your booking, we will tell you as soon as possible and will offer you a similar property (same number of bedrooms and similar standard). We ask that you accept these changed arrangements within 3 days so that we can make the amendment to your booking - if you do not confirm within 3 days, we will book the replacement property for you. We will sometimes offer alternatives of a higher standard but these may be subject to a price increase, which we would need you to pay. If we are unable to provide you with a similar standard property to your original, you will have the option of receiving a full refund of all monies you have paid to us. We are usually able to rectify a situation like this within 7 days.
In the unlikely event that you have a complaint whilst on holiday, you must immediately inform the Management Company. (Details of which will be given to you in the final confirmation letter once the final balance has been received.) This gives us the opportunity to put thing right for you straight away. If you are not completely satisfied with the solution offered or provided, you should immediately put your complaint in writing to us. We will endeavour to resolve the matter quickly and amicably for you.
However, if you make a complaint to us after your stay in the property has ended and you have not previously highlighted the issues to us or the Management Company when in the property, we will unfortunately not be able to deal with your complaint as 1) you have not given us the opportunity to rectify matters during your stay 2) It will be very difficult to corroborate your complaint as new customers may already be in the property.
It is a condition of our booking that guests and their party take out adequate travel insurance. We, the owner of the property themselves and the Management Company cannot be held responsible for any accidents, theft, illness, injury (including animal or insect bites) or damages that may occur to the guest or their party. It is the guest's responsibility to protect the property and its contents against damages, theft or loss, as well as their own property. All such incidents should be reported to the local Management Company immediately so a record can be kept.
In the event you do suffer injury or illness whilst on holiday unconnected with arrangements made by us, we will endeavour to offer help and guidance and any assistance we can, provided you contact the Management Company responsible for the property.
If, in the opinion of any person in authority you appear to be unfit or are likely to cause disturbance or damage to the rental property, we reserve the right to terminate your holiday arrangements with us. We also reserve the right to cancel any booking made under false pretences, for groups exceeding the maximum occupancy of the villa or for other legal reasons.
Florida is a rapidly expanding growth State and therefore construction may occur in or around the development in which your home is located. We have no control over this, and accept no liability for any inconvenience or disturbance that may be caused by such construction. We will not be liable to make alternative arrangements for accommodation nor will we cover any costs you incur or make any refunds.
We cannot and do not accept responsibility for any cancellation, alteration, or amendment to your booking brought about by way of: riot, civil strife, industrial dispute, natural and nuclear disaster, fire, adverse weather conditions, technical problems, closure or congestion of airports, cancellations or changes of schedules by airlines and similar events beyond our control.
If, at time of booking, you select and book a villa and another travel service with us (car hire or attraction tickets), then this will be considered a 'Package' under the Package Travel Regulations. If you book accommodation only, this is not covered under the Package Travel Regulations.
If, after booking and making payment, you subsequently add car hire or attraction tickets to your booking, although we may link the two together to assist with our administration process, this will not be classed as a 'Package' under the Package Travel Regulations.
We are a member of ABTA which means you have the benefit of ABTA's assistance and code of conduct. Any product you book with us is covered by ABTA's scheme of financial protection. You can find out more from ABTA's website https://www.abta.com.
By placing a reservation with us, you are deemed to have accepted our terms and conditions.
All contracts with us are made subject to the terms of these booking conditions and are governed by English laws and the exclusive jurisdiction of the English Courts.
Terms and conditions are correct at time of booking, but are subject to change without notice.Top
2. Attraction Tickets Terms & Conditions
These terms and Conditions ("Agreement") are entered into between the Party Leader (hereinafter referred to as the "Client" and also has "you" or "your") and Debbie's Villas (hereinafter referred to as the "Service provider" and also as "we", "our" or "us"). Client and Service provider shall hereinafter collectively be referred to as the "Parties" and individually as the "Party".
We have no control over the experiences/attractions/tours that we feature either online or in printed material. All details and descriptions published by us are for guidance only. We endeavour to ensure that all information and prices on our website and printed material are accurate, however occasionally changes and errors occur and we reserve the right to correct prices and other details in such circumstances.
The prices quoted on our website and in our printed material are correct at that time, but sometimes it is necessary to change these without notice. The price of your tickets will be confirmed at the time of booking. Once you have paid for your tickets in full or paid a deposit on a booking, we will not increase the price of your tickets. Persons ordering tickets must be over 18 years of age and where placing an order for services with age restrictions declares that he/she and all members of the party are of the appropriate age to purchase those services.
Once a payment has been made for your tickets we will issue a confirmation of booking. It is your responsibility to check this confirmation, and to urgently advise us if there are any errors or omissions. We will not accept liability for any matter arising as a result of such error or omission if you fail to do so. Alteration or cancellation of the booking by you once a confirmation of booking has been issued will be subject to the charges outlined in the 'if you change or cancel your booking' section below.
If you change or cancel your booking:
If you wish to change or cancel your booking after the confirmation has been sent you should contact us immediately and we will try to meet the request. If we are able to make the change requested, a non-refundable administration fee will be payable, as well as any applicable rate changes or extra costs incurred by ourselves and any costs or charges incurred or imposed by any of our suppliers. You should be aware that these costs might be more expensive the closer to the date that arrangements are to take place so you should contact us as soon as possible.
If you wish to cancel your ticket order with us more than 8 weeks prior to your arrival date then any money you have paid, except the deposit, will be returned to you, less any administration fees or costs charged by the supplier. Ticket orders cancelled within 8 weeks of arrival date will result in the loss of all monies paid. All bookings for Discovery Cove are subject to 100% cancellation fees once we have confirmed the booking to you. There can be no refunds or amendments (for example from Swim to Non Swim) or cancellations unless there has been an error by us.
If we change or cancel your booking:
On occasion it may be necessary to amend certain arrangements or cancel them (for example, certain tours and experiences require a minimum number of participants before the tour/experience can take place and if this number is not reached the arrangements will be cancelled). We reserve the right to amend or cancel arrangements at any time. If we have to make a major change or cancel your arrangements, we will tell you as soon as possible and if there is time to do so before the arrangements are due to start, we will offer you the choice of accepting the changed arrangements, having a refund of all monies paid in respect of the changed or cancelled element or accepting an offer of alternative arrangements. You must notify us of your choice within 7 days of our offer. If you fail to do so we will assume that you have chosen to accept the change or alternative arrangements.
The above sets out the maximum extent of our liability for changes and cancellations and we regret we cannot meet any expenses or losses you may incur as a result of any change or cancellation. The above options will not be available if we make a minor change or cancel as a result of your failure to make full payment on time or where the change(s) or cancellation by us arises out of alterations to the confirmed booking requested by you.
Force Majeure:
Except where otherwise expressly stated in these booking conditions we will not be liable or pay you compensation if our contractual obligations to you are affected by any event which we or the supplier(s) of the service(s) in question could not, even with all due care, foresee or avoid. These events can include, but are not limited to war, threat of war, civil strife, terrorist activity and its consequences or the threat of such activity, riot, the act of any government or other national or local authority including port or river authorities, industrial dispute, lock closure, natural or nuclear disaster, fire, chemical or biological disaster and adverse weather, sea, ice and river conditions and all similar events outside our or the supplier(s) concerned's control. Advice from the Foreign Office to avoid or leave a particular country may constitute Force Majeure.
Our Commitment:
We have a duty to select the suppliers of the services making up your booking with us with reasonable skill and care. We have no liability to you for the actual provision of the services, except in cases where it is proved that we have breached that duty and damage to you has been caused. Therefore, providing we have selected the suppliers with reasonable care and skill, we will have no liability to you for anything that happens during the service in question or any acts or omissions of the supplier, its employees or agents.
Our only obligations to you in relation to bookings we make for tickets or vouchers to enable entrance/access to particular attractions or theme parks (other than those which are expressly set out in these conditions) are to take your booking in accordance with your instructions and provide you with a ticket or voucher to enable entry/access to the arrangement(s) in question. We cannot accept any liability for the provision of the arrangements themselves which are provided by the suppliers of those arrangements or for the acts or omissions of the supplier(s) concerned or any of its employees, agents, suppliers or subcontractors. The terms and conditions of the supplier concerned will apply to the arrangement(s) in question. Copies of those terms and conditions are available on request.
We will not be responsible:-
(i) where the arrangements cannot be provided or cannot be provided as described due to circumstances beyond ours or the applicable supplier's control;
(ii) where you incur any loss or damage that relates to any business activity; or which could not have been foreseen at the time you made your booking in the light of the information you gave to us at the time of booking;
(iii) for any information about the arrangements that we pass on to you in good faith;
In the event that we are found liable to you under these terms, our maximum liability to you is limited to the cost of the attraction ticket (or the appropriate proportion of this if not everyone in your party is affected).
We do not exclude or limit any liability for death or personal injury that arises as a result of our negligence or that of any of our employees whilst acting in the course of their employment.
Conditions of Suppliers:
The services which make up your booking are provided by independent suppliers. Those suppliers provide these services in accordance with their own terms and conditions which will form part of your contract with us. Some of these terms and conditions may limit or exclude the supplier's liability to you, usually in accordance with applicable International Conventions. Copies of the relevant parts of these terms and conditions are available on request from ourselves or the supplier concerned.Top
3. Pool Heating Terms & Conditions
These terms and Conditions ("Agreement") are entered into between the Party Leader (hereinafter referred to as the "Client" and also has "you" or "your") and Debbie's Villas (hereinafter referred to as the "Service provider" and also as "we", "our" or "us"). Client and Service provider shall hereinafter collectively be referred to as the "Parties" and individually as the "Party".
The pool heaters will not heat the pool to 'bath' temperature, but will take the chill out of the water. Very often during the cooler months of the year the pool may still feel 'fresh' but it will not be icy cold.
Pool heaters maintain a water temperature of about 10°F above the actual air temperature, with a maximum of approximately 85°F. An 80°F water temperature will still feel 'fresh' when the outside temperature is in the high eighties. The majority of pool heaters operate for 12 hours each day at the same time as the pool pump is running. They do not operate 24 hours per day. For this reason the pool will feel a little cooler first thing in the morning and will take some time to reach its maximum heat.
Under normal weather conditions the temperature will be around 75°F. However, when the outside temperature drops below 55°F the heater will automatically switch itself off to prevent overheating through constant use. As soon as the temperature rises above 55°F the heater will resume. This does mean, however, that the pool will not be as warm as usual. As this is completely beyond our control and the pool heater mechanism is working to constantly check the outside temperature, a refund will not be given under these circumstances.
Some pools have blankets which are giant bubble wrap covers. In order for the pools to maintain their heat when not in use the blanket must be placed bubble-side down on the surface of the pool.
Guests are not permitted to touch the pool heater controls and in doing so will forfeit any payment made. Any problems should be reported immediately to the local management company.
Pool heating complaints and requests for refunds must be made during the holiday. This is purely because we have no way of validating any claim that the water wasn't hot enough or that the heater wasn't working. If you feel it isn't working during your stay then report it immediately so that the local management company can look into this so that you can fully enjoy the pool – or get it turned off so that you can get a refund for unused days.
Please note that if you book pool heating directly with the management company (i.e. you pay them for this service), we are unable to deal with any pool heating complaints you may have as you would need to contact the management company directly for this.Top
4. Sat Nav Rental Terms & Conditions
These terms and Conditions ("Agreement") are entered into between the Party Leader (hereinafter referred to as the "Client" and also has "you" or "your") and Debbie's Villas (hereinafter referred to as the "Service provider" and also as "we", "our" or "us"). Client and Service provider shall hereinafter collectively be referred to as the "Parties" and individually as the "Party".
We use Royal Mail Special Delivery to deliver your Sat Nav. A prepaid return envelope will be included. In the event of Royal Mail strike action alternative postal arrangements will be made. Sat Nav bookings will only be accepted from UK customers.
All equipment is the responsibility of the renter. You are responsible for the return and safety of the equipment. This means you are financially responsible for the equipment in the event of loss or damage of the unit and/or any components.
All Sat Navs are loaded with the latest available USA maps from the manufacturer. Sometimes customers have downloaded updates, we cannot be held responsible for the accuracy of these maps.
Unless contacted immediately it is assumed the Sat Nav was delivered in working order and all items included.
The Sat Nav unit should be returned within five working days of your return to the UK. This is to ensure our next customer receives the Sat Nav in time for their holiday. Failure to return the Sat Nav on time may lead to a late payment fee of £25 per week or part of.
By placing an order to hire our Sat Nav unit you are agreeing to the terms and conditions laid out.Top
5. Reserve Booking Terms & Conditions
These terms and Conditions ("Agreement") are entered into between the Party Leader (hereinafter referred to as the "Client" and also has "you" or "your") and Debbie's Villas (hereinafter referred to as the "Service provider" and also as "we", "our" or "us"). Client and Service provider shall hereinafter collectively be referred to as the "Parties" and individually as the "Party".
The villa you have selected will be held on our system for you for a maximum of 24 hours.
Should you wish to proceed with this booking then you can do so by following the link in the booking email we have automatically sent you. This will take you through to the payment stage where we require 20% of the cost or £100, whichever is greater.
Should the start date of your booking be within 8 weeks, the whole amount is payable now.
If you have changed your dates, or no longer require this villa, then you can automatically release the dates and cancel the booking by following the links provided in the booking email as well.Top
6. Mobility Scooter Hire Terms & Conditions
These terms and Conditions ("Agreement") are entered into between the Party Leader (hereinafter referred to as the "Client" and also has "you" or "your") and Debbie's Villas (hereinafter referred to as the "Service provider" and also as "we", "our" or "us"). Client and Service provider shall hereinafter collectively be referred to as the "Parties" and individually as the "Party".
Mobility scooter hire can be added to your booking as an optional extra at any time. No additional licence or insurance is required to use a mobility scooter during your holiday, but you are responsible for any damage or injury to yourself, other people, property, vehicles or the mobility scooter itself, no matter how it was caused. Your property breakage insurance does not cover any costs associated with damage or injury caused as a result of using the scooter.
The mobility scooter will be checked, the battery will be charged and it will be in your holiday accommodation prior to your arrival. The mobility scooter dismantles into several pieces for ease of travel. The battery is removable and chargeable (overnight is usually advised so you are ready to head off the next day). You will be given full operating instructions and the contact details of a local representative should you require any assistance. The weight limit is 23 stone (322lbs/146kg)Top
7. Car Hire Terms & Conditions
These terms and Conditions ("Agreement") are entered into between the Party Leader (hereinafter referred to as the "Client" and also has "you" or "your") and Debbie's Villas (hereinafter referred to as the "Service provider" and also as "we", "our" or "us"). Client and Service provider shall hereinafter collectively be referred to as the "Parties" and individually as the "Party".
When you collect your car, you will also be required to enter into a contract with the individual car rental supplier which contains your responsibilities in relation to the rental vehicle. You should satisfy yourself that you understand and agree to those terms and conditions before you accept your car, as you will be legally bound to the supplier under that contract. *A copy of the standard Rental Agreement used by the supplier in the country where you are hiring your vehicle can be supplied to you before you make your booking if you should request it.
Our Prices
Our car rental prices are correct at the time of publishing on our website. Prices shown are for the group of car (see below) and requested rental period. We reserve the right to alter any of our advertised prices at any time before your contract is confirmed. You will be advised of the current rental price together with the cost of each optional extra that you choose, before your contract is confirmed. (Note that where seasonal rates apply, the rate will be the rate applicable on the date of collection, even if the period of hire extends into another season, unless otherwise advised.)
What is included
Our prices include unlimited mileage (excluding certain types of vehicles in some locations advised at the time of booking as per our website), collision damage waiver, third party insurance cover (including supplementary liability insurance in the USA, unless requested otherwise), theft protection insurance, any airport surcharges and all applicable government and/or state imposed taxes (plus bail bond in Spain).
What is excluded
All charges and taxes payable directly to the car rental supplier on collection of your vehicle and which include, without limitation, fuel, special request items (such as roof racks and child/baby seats), any additional drivers and/or young driver surcharges, and any local charges for delivery and collection out of hours or one way airport fees, as these vary according to the location of the collection point. We will advise you of additional charges and taxes when you make your booking;
Making a booking and payment
Bookings may be made online or by calling our Reservations department or online. You must pay a deposit at the time of booking, with the balance of the total price for your car rental, including any optional extras, being due to us 8 weeks before the scheduled vehicle collection date. Bookings made 8 weeks or less before the collection date must be paid in full at the time of booking. If we do not receive your balance by the due date, we may cancel your booking and keep your deposit.
Your booking is confirmed and a contract between us exists when we issue our confirmation invoice, provided that you have made the booking payment due to us. Please check your invoice carefully and report any incorrect or incomplete information to us immediately.
You must ensure that the lead driver name is the same as shown on your driving licence and that the age is correct at time of vehicle pick up
Payments must be made by bank transfer or debit/credit card. Payments for bookings online are made via our secure payment site.
Your responsibility for your booking:
When you make a booking you guarantee that you have the authority to accept and do accept on behalf of your party the terms of these booking conditions. This means that you are responsible for making all payments due, notifying us if any changes or cancellations are required, and for receiving the confirmation and keeping your party informed.
You must advise us of your age and the ages of any additional drivers when making your booking. Minimum and maximum age limits vary according to the terms of the local car rental supplier. These will be cleary displayed on our website for each car and supplier. Usually drivers must be 21 years or over with at least 12 months' minimum driving experience and in some countries there is an additional surcharge payable locally for drivers under 25 years.
Drivers must hold and produce on the collection of their rental car an original full and clean driving licence from their country of residence for at least one year (some car rental companies may require up to 3 years depending on the vehicle type). No photocopies are accepted. In some cases an international driving permit may be required. A car rental supplier may refuse to rent a car to a person with endorsements on their licence or who, in their opinion, is unfit to drive or does not meet eligibility requirements. No refunds will be given for rentals rejected due to non-production of a driving licence or non-disclosed endorsements.
Your rental car
All rental cars that we arrange with our suppliers are subject to availability. Cars are classified in groups based on the specifications of the car (e.g. "Ford Fiesta or similar") and so when you make a booking with us, we may arrange the supply of a different make, model or fuel type to the car shown on your booking, as long as the vehicle has a similar size and specification.
At the time of collection the renter (lead driver) is required to sign a contract/rental agreement with the local car rental company. Please ensure you have read this contract fully and have checked with the supplier if you are unsure of any details. Once signed, the renter accepts the terms and conditions of the company and we have no liability under that agreement.
The rental vehicle has been booked based on the information given by you at the time of booking. If you decide to upgrade locally you are liable for all upgrade charges. Please ensure that you read all documentation thoroughly before signing.
Additional items such as baby/child seats, roof racks, ski racks, snow chains, satellite navigation and consoles, are subject to availability and cannot be guaranteed at any time. In most cases a small charge will be made and may be subject to local taxes and surcharges. This is payable to the supplier on collection of the car.
Amendments to your booking
After our confirmation has been issued, any requests for changes must be sent to us in writing by the person who made the booking. We will do our best to try to arrange your requested changes with the supplier; however, we cannot guarantee that we will be able to make the changes requested as they will be applicable at the time of change. We don't charge amendment fees outside of 72 hours before collection, after this time the booking will be classed as a cancellation and rebook. Please note some suppliers do not allow amendments and ask you to cancel and rebook, if this is the case we will advise you and the new advertised price will be applicable but we will try and assist where we can.
Cancellations by you
If you want to cancel your booking at any time before the car hire commencement date, the person that made the booking must send an email to us quoting your booking reference. Your cancellation will take effect from the time we receive your communication. All cancellations will result in the loss of the deposit paid or, if cancelled after the balance has been paid, but before 72 hours of the vehicle collection time, 50% of the rental cost, plus an admin fee of £25, will be forfeited.
We will have no liability to provide a refund if the supplier does not provide the rental car to you because you fail to produce the necessary documents on collection, if you don't have a credit card or are refused a rental due to the fact they have a DNR in place or if you return the car before the agreed drop-off date. Please note if you don't arrive to collect your car no refund will be made and the rental will be charged at 100% fee. If in the case you are delayed you need to contact us immediately and we will endeavour to assist but can't guarantee the car will be held.
Changes or cancellations by us
We reserve the right to change or cancel your booking.
If we make a change to your booking, other than as a result of circumstances beyond our control (as defined below), and you don't want to accept it, you can take any alternative car rental we are able to offer you (in which case you will pay the increase in cost if the replacement is advertised at a higher price than your original booking, or receive a refund of the difference if it is less expensive) or you can take a refund of the money you've paid to us. This does not apply where the change is not material.
Examples of non-material changes include, but are not limited to, change of car to a similar size or specification. We will not be liable for any change that results from circumstances beyond our control.
If we have to cancel your booking, other than as a result of circumstances beyond our control again, we may be able to offer you an alternative. If you accept it, you would pay the difference if it was advertised at a higher price than your original car rental, or receive a refund if it was advertised at a lower price. Or we will simply refund the monies you have paid us for your car rental if you don't wish to accept the offered vehicle.
We will not be responsible to pay any compensation following a change or cancellation by us. Any amendment or cancellation fees you incur in terms of other arrangements you have made with other providers under separate contracts or the cost of securing alternative car hire are not claimable from us.
Our responsibility for your booking
We have a duty to use reasonable skill and care in selecting car rental suppliers to provide your car hire and in making your car rental arrangements with those suppliers. We will be liable to you if we have breached those duties. Therefore, provided we have selected your car rental supplier with reasonable skill and care, we have no liability to you arising out of the car rental itself or any acts or omissions of the supplier or others.
Without limitation to the above, we have no liability in the following situations:
- where the car rental cannot be provided as booked due to circumstances outside our control
- where you incur any loss or damage that could not have been foreseen at the time of your booking, based on the information provided by you
- where you incur any loss or damage that relates to any business activity; and where any loss or damage relates to any services that do not form part of our contract with you
Examples of non-material changes include, but are not limited to, change of car to a similar size or specification. We will not be liable for any change that results from circumstances beyond our control.
If we have to cancel your booking, other than as a result of circumstances beyond our control again, we may be able to offer you an alternative. If you accept it, you would pay the difference if it was advertised at a higher price than your original car rental, or receive a refund if it was advertised at a lower price. Or we will simply refund the monies you have paid us for your car rental.
Your responsibilities
Without limiting any of your responsibilities under any other section of these booking conditions, the following are your responsibilities under your contract with us:
If you are collecting your car at the airport, you must provide us with the correct outbound flight number and estimated arrival time when making your booking. If not possible at the time of booking, please ensure this information is provided to our Reservations team more than 7 days before your car collection date. If we are not supplied with the correct flight information in good time and as a result, the car rental supplier does not have a car for your collection at the time specified in your booking, neither we nor the supplier has any liability to you. Note that if your flight is delayed you may incur additional charges to the supplier for waiting time.
When picking up your rental car, you must present your original rental voucher and your full valid driving licence (as detailed under Eligibility). Failure to present the correct documentation may result in the supplier refusing to supply the vehicle to you. No refund will be given in these circumstances.
You must pay the car rental supplier any charges and taxes not included in the car rental price on collection of your vehicle, as well as any deposit for fuel or excess required. We advise that ALL named drivers carry a valid credit card. If you have taken out SuperMax insurance or any other insurance to waive your excess, it is your responsibility to notify this to the car rental supplier on collection of your vehicle. We are not responsible for any deposit or other payment you make to the car rental supplier in relation to the excess.
You must not exceed the permitted maximum of passengers for the car. Insurances may be invalidated if passengers exceed the permitted maximum.
You must check with the car rental supplier on collection, the arrangements regarding fuel. Cars are usually supplied with a full tank of fuel and this is charged for at the time of collection. We are not liable for the arrangements regarding fuel.
You must conduct a thorough check of the condition of the car before accepting it and you must note any scratches or dents on the supplier's car rental contract.
Where deposits are required to be made with the car rental supplier, a major credit card is usually required for these purposes. The credit card holder should be the main driver otherwise additional charges may apply.
If driving across different countries, states or provinces please check that this is permitted by the supplier before doing so and note that this may be charged for. Failure to obtain prior permission may result in the renter's insurance policy being void and the renter may then be subject to all charges personally.
In the U.S.A. if you drive through an ORT (Open Road Tolling) lane you will not be given the option to pay for the toll but will automatically activate the E Toll pass in your vehicle. You may then be charged by the car rental supplier for the amount of each toll, administration fee, fines and/or penalties, please check this in the terms and conditions of your booking with your chosen car rental supplier.
Upon collection of your vehicle and during the hire, if you are dissatisfied in any way with the standard of the vehicle, you must report this to the rental supplier immediately and to us in writing within 14 days of your return.
In case of breakdown or mechanical difficulties, you must immediately call the car hire company, whose telephone number will appear on the rental agreement. Authority to obtain repairs or replacement cars must be given by the local car hire company. If you are involved in an accident in the hire car, the local police and the car hire company must be informed, even if there is no damage excess. You must keep copies of any relevant documentation you are asked to complete.
You are responsible for any parking fines, toll charges, tow away charges or impounding fees incurred by you. Please note that this rule also applies to airport waiting areas and cars must be redelivered to points as instructed at time of collection.
Any problem that arises during your car rental period should be raised with the car rental supplier or with us immediately who will endeavour to put things right. In the event of a problem with your car hire booking that cannot be resolved locally with the car rental company please contact us. You should also try to find a solution before the end of the car rental period. If the problem is not resolved locally, please follow this up within 14 days after the end of the car hire period by writing to us. If you fail to follow this simple procedure, we will have been deprived of the opportunity to investigate and rectify your complaint during the car hire period and this may affect your rights under this contract.
Any dispute or claim arising out of this contract that can't be settled between us can be referred by you to the ABTA arbitration scheme or to a court. We agree that the courts of England and Wales have jurisdiction and that English law applies (unless you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland in which case you can bring proceedings in your local court under Scottish or Northern Irish law, as applicable).
If a court or tribunal applies any law other than English law, we shall (in respect of all exclusions and limitations of liability) be entitled to the maximum protection allowed by that law including statutory protection of limitation as to the amount of damages recoverable.
Summary of insurances
The following is a general summary of the insurances typically included in the car rental contract with your car rental supplier. The precise terms of the insurances vary according to the car rental supplier.
Third Party Insurance
Third party insurance covers damage to the property of a third party caused by your vehicle. Please refer to the suppliers Rental Agreements for details on any applicable excesses
Collision Damage Waiver
Collision Damage Waiver waives your liability to pay for any damage caused to the vehicle during the period of hire, subject to the exclusions listed below. Your liability is waived subject to you paying a charge, referred to as an "excess", which limits your liability to the cost of the excess only. In some instances, an excess will not apply and you will be advised of this at the time of making your booking.
Exclusions include:
- When damage is caused to windows/windscreen, interior, wheels, tyres, underside or roof of the car
- Where any rental vehicle has been driven off-road, on un-tarmacked roads, without due care and attention or negligently
- Where the driver is under the influence of alcohol or drugs
- Where the driver(s) is not named on the rental agreement
- When damage is caused by the rental vehicle being towed away by any unauthorised third party
Where an exclusion applies, your liability to pay for any damage will not be waived and you may be liable for the full cost up to and exceeding the excess.
Theft Protection insurance
Theft Protection (sometimes known as Theft Waiver) provides coverage for the theft or damage resulting from attempted theft of the vehicle, its parts and accessories up to their full value, and any loss that your car rental supplier may incur. You are responsible for the excess of the claim - this may cover single or multiple parts of the vehicle which are damaged at the same time. Where damage is caused to the vehicle on separate occasions, each incident will be considered as a separate claim,which you will be required to pay as part of the overall excess deposit (unless you are advised that this is not applicable at the time of making your booking). Once the rental vehicle is in your possession, your loss will be limited provided the keys are returned in accordance with the terms and conditions of your rental contract with the supplier.
Exclusions include:
Where the keys are lost, damaged or stolen, you will be liable for the reasonable costs of obtaining replacement keys which will be in addition to any excess deposit paid. further costs exceeding the excess will apply if the loss, damage or theft of the keys is directly related to the theft of the vehicle. These costs will be defined by the supplier.Top


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In a formal dining room, you can use just about any color combination that you like, however, the colors that you choose for your walls will determine the aesthetic of the entire room. Black & White Dining Rooms That Work Their Monochrome Magic in this article!
At a formal dining area, you can use nearly any colour combination that you enjoy, but the colours which you pick for your walls will ascertain the aesthetic of the whole room. Start looking for colors that match your decor, and consider how you are inclined to use your space as you're deciding what colours would work best on your area.
First look at any architectural characteristic your area provides, then you can check any of the colours of items from the area you won't be changing like floors or perhaps window dressings. You might also need to think about the effect that wall colours will have in your china and serving pieces too. Look at each one the factors you won't be altering and be aware of if they are inclined to be cool or warm colours.
Black & White Dining Rooms That Work Their Monochrome Magic
Interesting Design. As soon as you've chosen a good, critical look in your area, you then wish to think about your style of fun. Notice if you are inclined to sponsor family style dishes, or do you often host black tie occasions. In case you've got a favourite kind of food, this may influence your décor too.
By way of instance, if you like Asian cooking, then you might choose to produce an easy, Asian aesthetic on your dining area. As soon as you've some notion of the design that you are inclined to amuse in, you picking the colours to your room is all but elementary.
Conventional Colours. If you would like to produce a traditional design dining area, then you are going to want to produce a space in gradations of neutral. Your colors may vary from brown to cream, however they will be neutrals. Then it is possible to add a vibrant green or daring red accent because each one of those colors functions well in a formal dining room setting.
Conventional window treatments are usually darker and patterned colour, along with the molding and trim are darker colors too. Maintain the ceiling shade light in order to add height to a own room, and you've got the makings of a conventional dining area.
Modern Colors. If you would like to produce a contemporary room for diningroom, you'll wish to think about clean, crisp colours along with also a minimalist aesthetic. Keep your colours light in the selection of nearly white. Adding grey to your room layout will help add interest. Maintain your ceilings white too, then you may add bold colours on your dining table accessories.
Personal Colors. If you want a more diverse look on your dining area, then there's actually no limitation to the colours that you select. If you keep up a consistent scale on your designs and patterns, you need to have the ability to produce an individual look that's uniquely your own, plus it ought to seem spectacular.


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In stock
Bulk buy price on a 25kg sack of Pilsner malt.
Our usual Pilsener is Bestmalz Pilsner, but we can confirm brand availability by phone if you prefer.
The grain comes unmilled in the original sack so you will need a grain mill.
Our selection is always expanding so be sure to explore our full range!


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Find Out More About Us
Check out my blog for more on the thought and process surrounding my work as it intersects with life personally and at large. I have lots of opinions. Haha. I am also a very curious person. The topics are sometimes serious but I rarely take myself too seriously. There is the odd short story or poem as well. It's good not to be too entrenched in one form. Read, enjoy, comment!
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I am happy to connect over all things art related, through the website contact options, phone, or email. Please feel welcome to reach out during business hours Pacific Time (9-6). If I don't catch you on the spot, I'll get back to you soon. Otherwise, we can arrange a time. Just shoot me a message to get the ball rolling.
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In an attempt to use up some extra-ripe bananas in something other than banana bread or muffins, I went on a recipe search for banana cookies. I've made banana cookies before and while they have turned out yummy, they seemed to be banana bread in cookie form. By this, I mean they turned out to be cake-like and moist, and not chewy like I wanted.
These were just what I was looking for. Not only did they look like a cookie, but they ate like a cookie too. The oatmeal gave them substance and chew and the banana flavor was subtle, but definitely there. I also used chopped dark chocolate instead of chocolate chips, so there were big chunks of chocolate to bite into along with tiny shreds of chocolate studded throughout each cookie. If you're wanting the banana flavor to stand out more, I would omit the chocolate and maybe add some chopped pecans or walnuts for crunch.
Another great thing about this recipe? It only calls for TWO tablespoons of butter! I don't think I have ever made a batch of cookies with that little butter, and 2 days later they were still moist and chewy (the few that were even left, that is). The bad thing about this recipe? The fact that there are only two tablespoons of butter in the whole recipe makes me think I can eat as many as I want. Oh well…maybe 5 banana cookies count as 1 serving of fruit?
Banana Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies
adapted from Baking Bites
3/4 cup all purpose flour
1/4 cup whole wheat flour
1/2 tsp baking soda
1/4 tsp salt
2 tbsp butter, softened
1/2 cup granulated sugar
1/2 cup brown sugar
1/3 cup mashed banana
1 egg
1 tsp vanilla extract
1 1/2 cups old fashioned oats
1 cup chocolate chips (I chopped up a bar of dark chocolate)
Preheat oven to 350 degrees F and line baking sheet with parchment paper.
In bowl, combine the flours, baking soda, and salt. Set aside
In large bowl, cream together the butter with the sugars. Add the egg, mashed banana, and vanilla, and beat to combine.
On low speed or by hand, add the flour mixture and stir until combined.
Finally, stir in the oats and chocolate chips.
Drop the dough by tablespoons onto prepared baking sheet and bake 11-12 minutes, until light brown. Cool on baking sheet for 5 minutes, then transfer to cooling rack.
Makes about 2 dozen cookies.


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- DMRC Vacancy 2015
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- Last Date - 20 Sep, 2015
- Requirement - B.E./B.Tech (Civil)/Diploma in Civil
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- Place of Posting - New Delhi
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) has notified vacancies for the posts of Junior Engineer (Civil), Assistant Manager (Civil) on its official webpage http://www.eapplynew.com for B.E./B.Tech (Civil)/Diploma in Civil. If you always wanted to work for DMRC then this can be your chance given that you possess the required qualification. This vacancy is located at New Delhi. Applications must be submitted before 20-09-2015. For more details like eligibility criteria, age limit and salary read further.
|Name of Post
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|Junior Engineer (Civil)
|100 Posts
|max 18-28 years
|Rs. 13500-25520/-
|Diploma in Civil Engineering.
|Assistant Manager (Civil)
|31 Posts
|max 18-28 years
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|B.E./B.Tech (Civil)
Note: The cut-off date for calculating Age limit will be 01.07.2015
Selection Process : - The Selection criteria for this post is Written Test and Interview.
Examination fee :- The Exam fee for this recruitment is Rs. 400/-.The Fee for SC/ST/PWD is Rs. 150/-.
- Application process :- online
- Advertisement No. for the Vacancy - DMRC/PERS/22/HR/2015 (71) & (72) Dated: 24/08/2015
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Category Archives: sometimes adventure
Movie Twice Shy: Getting Real About Real Issues
Once again, I feel super lucky with my ever expanding circle of inspiring contacts across the world. People who achieve great things, are go-getters and want to make a real difference. One person who is no exception to this fact is Tom Ryan. A film director, writer and now, lecturer, Tom has quite a lot of success under his belt as a thirty-something year old. His 2017 release, Twice Shy has been the recipient of many awards, exceptional reviews and well-needed addressing of delicate subjects. Indeed Twice Shy has catapulted Irish films' reputation into another dimension.
The movie has been on tour across Ireland and the world. Last year, it screened in the Lighthouse cinema for a week (later extended to a second week). This was followed by screenings in Cannes Film festival and more recently, in Berlin. Its cast includes rising stars and familiar faces including Pat Short, Ardal O'Hanlon and Emmet Byrne. Meanwhile, Shane-Murray Corcoran and Iseult Casey portray the developing relationship of a young couple in Ireland having to face a stressful trip to the UK for an abortion.
Abortion isn't the only topic that has its reality brought to life in the movie. Mental health is addressed in a touching and real way. One scene in particular features a true and honest conversation that banishes stigmatisation and instead shows it is OK not to be OK.
We need this in Ireland at the moment. A movie that's real and ensures light is shed on tricky topics. When we say 'like in the movies', we really need that to reflect real-life and vice-versa. Want predictable endings and cringey romantic scenes? Then don't watch Twice Shy. How about pure constant happiness without ups and downs? Then really, don't watch it. If however you'd like to walk away from your screen feeling contemplative, informed and like you've had a genuine experience, then do watch it.
During the movie, you'll recognise not just faces you know but locations also. Filming predominantly took place between Dublin and Tom's native Nenagh in County Tipperary. Hot spots like the Grand Canal and Una's pub, provide a perfect setting. Colloquial references to school day familiarities such as Leaving Cert night, having the craic and moving up to Dublin from the country spring up. Sure we can all relate to something as an Irish person. On the other hand, as a non-Irish spectator, there's so much to learn about how we operate as a people and our soft and genuine connection to life. We're down to earth, family-focused and supportive. Even though our political systems appear to be letting us down, at least we have voices we can use and connections we can make. I don't want to spoil the movie but the raw and real connection is an ongoing theme. Whether it's between best friends, father and son or lovers, realness conquers all including trials and tribulations.
Twice Shy is available to stream on www.volta.ie
You can also follow the Facebook page, Twitter or Tom himself to learn about his upcoming movies and projects.
Cancelled Flights And Falling For Snowmen
We're indoors. It's been approximately 12 hours since we've driven the car anywhere and Andrew is nicely intact outside. Andrew is our snowman you see. He is approximately 5ft 5″, pale with a big head and great dress sense. He's a great example of how, when it snows so much your flight gets cancelled, you use that snow to avoid turning to feeling overly disappointed. Keeping the mind busy is vital especially if it involves creating something on a decent scale.
I was supposed to head to Budapest tonight at 19.30 from Dublin Airport. It was a long awaited treat with lots of planning gone in and my case already half packed due to the sheer excitement. I had the notion of going swimming outdoors in the thermals on a few occasions and staying in a fancy hotel room. Meanwhile, I'd be spending time with a great friend and reflecting on why life is so great and saying "Isn't it lovely that we can get flights and trips so cheap and easily in 2018?". Sure you can't stop the weather.
When things didn't go as planned, my mother would always quote my late grandfather (who clearly quoted another guy) " Grant me the serenity to accept the things I cannot change, the courage to change the things I can and the wisdom to know the difference". That's life you see. There's always going to be something around the corner that doesn't work out. Not to be a pessimist but flights will get cancelled, challenges will occur and something you've built up in your head and elsewhere will not come into fruition. It sucks but well, there's always something else around to look forward to.
I'm using my free time to get blogging done (overdue blogging I might add), I'm planning some trips for the Summer and I'm having lots of downtime to chill and reflect on weeks gone by and, what's to come.
And of course, there's Andrew.
If you're stuck indoors this week or stuck in a disappointing twist in your life. There's a few things you can do to turn it around and hopefully, feel better.
*Plan something else! When do you next have some free time? What have you been thinking about for ages and not planned or booked? Do it! Life's short. I've just looked up flights for my Summer trip in July.
*Write a list of the positives to come from the situation. Did you save some cash by not partaking in a certain adventure? Has this time allowed you to achieve something you've been procrastinating? What goodness has come from it?
*What does this mean to you? Having a twist or turn in your day, week or life can evoke certain feelings. This can teach us something about the path we're on and what we'd like to achieve in the future. For me, I feel disappointed that I didn't get to travel today as I love visiting other places and don't enjoy being stagnant for too long. What have you learned?
*Life can be a bit unfair and certain situations will remind us of that. You never know what's around the corner. Make the most of the current moment and think of how lucky we are to have it.
Mind yourselves wherever you are.
Life In Chile Part Two: Visiting Pucón
It was my last two weeks in Chile and while I was excited to get home. I was also keen to make the most of it. With a little money left and some energy, I booked my bus trip to Pucón- a city I had learned loads about from friends and was curious to visit.
In preparation for the trip, I headed to the local shopping centre to find the best deal on buses. As it was over 35 degrees outside (in December), I was keen to take an overnight bus trip. And so, I booked it to head off that night! The bus was due to leave at 23.00 and so, I set off (in usual style) an hour early to the bus station. With a few random turns and wanderings down dodgy streets, I found my way to the station and set up shop right next to where my bus was due to depart. Cue ten past eleven and it turned out, my bus had left without me.
Sad and with a huge backpack at my feet, I approached the information desk and pleaded for another bus. Only to find out that well, many other people wanted a seat to Pucón too. Sadly, there were none available.
As it turns out, being a lost Irish girl in a big city had its positives. A man approached me with a big smile and said he'd give me his seat. He not only carried my bag and helped me settle in, he gave me a blanket and snacks to relax me. Never underestimate the kindness of strangers.
Santiago central to Pucón is a 9.5 hour journey. This is another reason I recommend the overnight bus journey. No surprisingly, upon arriving there, it is necessary to stretch your legs which is a perfect chance to explore the town. As it's further South, the temperature is lower and so, wrapping up warmer is recommended.
The town of Pucón is right next to the mountains which makes it super picturesque. There are snow-capped mountains and so, the amount of outdoor excursions is plentiful. Some activities I did were cycling (you can rent a bike for as little as 3euro per day), hiking in the forest and sledding down a volcano. These are all accessible and can easily be signed up for at hostels or by searching online.
For me, I couch-surfed for the first night so the hike I went on happened by chance. The guy I stayed with ran hikes each morning and so, he said I could come along. These were based in El Cañi and the hike we did lasted for over 7 hours! This area is easily accessible with a bus from the town to the countryside which costs no more than two euro.
As I moved into the town on the second night, I signed up for activities at my hostel. The hostel I stayed in was La Bicicleta and it comprised of a private room for 35euro per night. This was a bit pricey for hostel however it is more expensive in Pucón and I wanted to pay for quality as it was my last trip.
Finally, the trip up the volcano was the highlight for me and something I highly recommend! The journey comprises of a car trip to Villarica, one of three (active) volcanos in the region. The beauty is that you can get a lift some way up the mountain or you can hike the whole way up. It's not an adventure for the faint-hearted as it is super steep and covered in snow. Cramp-ons are needed with a full training beforehand. The intense journey up-mountain is followed by sledding down the mountain to the bottom (highly recommend!).
This region in Chile has a high percentage of German influence as so many Germans settled there over hundreds of years. This is reflected in the beers (with Germanic names) and the blonder looking appearance of the locals.
Traveling alone has its perks (as featured here) and this trip was no exception. Doing this adventure with a friend or group would be equally exciting.
For further info or post requests about Chile, comment below or PM me.


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Things dolphins are getting high on: pufferfish. Other things dolphins are getting high on: life.
The sea mammals show off their chilled-out lifestyles in Jaimen Hudson's spectacular drone footage of a pod riding the waves off West Beach in Esperance, Western Australia.
It's impossible to watch this video and feel stressed. Basically:
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Children learn by playing. Play is, in fact, so important to children and their development that the United Nations has declared it to be a right of every child.
Sure, math is important. Science is too, and all that other reading and writing gobbledygook that kids learn in school these days. But you know what else is important? Play. Play is important.
Children learn by doing. They learn by picking the thing up and touching it, putting it in their mouth, or throwing it as far as they can. Play is, in fact, so important to children and their development that the United Nations High Commission on Human Rights has declared it to be a right of every child.
Here are some of the reasons play is important.
When children move past purely independent or parallel play and really engage with other children and grownups, they learn how to speak up, resolve conflicts, share and even negotiate. They're learning that they can disagree and still find a solution.
Maya Mendoza, a founding executive director of the RAVE Foundation, the charitable arm of the Sounders FC that believes in creating safe spaces for kids to play freely in their communities, said there's much to be learned when a child plays soccer.
"Through free play, kids learn how to navigate conflict," she said. "They learn how to navigate diversity, and diversity of opinion and thought. They have different ages, genders and ethnicities. They have to deal with folks they're not used to interacting with. If you have the ball and come to a game, you have to be a leader. Are you an inclusive leader? Those complex relationship skills are necessities as we get older. And they're natural byproducts of free play."
Improved health
Childhood obesity is at epidemic proportions, and recess time is being squeezed out in some schools. This makes physical play more important than ever. Given time and opportunity (free of screens), many children will choose to run, play, make up a game, roller skate, shoot hoops, slide down the banister — you know, be a kid.
During this time, they may be working through problems, learning new skills, and even developing a passion they will pursue into their adult years.
As children play, explore and learn about their surroundings, they're creating imaginative worlds and learning to master them. They're developing skills and abilities that give them confidence that they can take into other environments.
When children play, they often unveil their ideas, thoughts, experiences and frustrations. Ever wonder what a child is thinking? Encourage them to engage in play and you'll often get a window into what's happening and how a parent, teacher or other grownup can help.
While time to play is limited at many schools, it is crucial to a child's academic performance and success. Play can help a child adjust to and transition into a classroom. That's right: play can help a child be ready to learn all the gobbledygook they teach in schools these days.
Now we all know that when kids play, they aren't just focusing on one of these types of play. Children don't wake up and say, "Let's see, today I'm going to work on my cooperative play." However, in that playtime they're learning and mastering more than one of these skills and gleaning many of the benefits all at the same time. When kids play, they're becoming masters of their surroundings.
Mendoza and the folks at the RAVE Foundation have plans to build five new fields for kids in the next 10 years. "It's through the fields that we can — 365 days a year — wrap our arms around the community and put in a place that will be used organically in the neighborhood," she said.
So listen to the United Nations, listen to the RAVE Foundation, and make sure your kids set aside their devices for a little while every day and get out there into the world of play. They'll be better people for it.
RAVE Foundation, the official charitable arm of Seattle Sounders FC, uses soccer as a vehicle to empower and inspire, remove barriers to participation on and off the field, and support and strengthen communities. RAVE works with communities to build small fields for free play so kids can have access to soccer, be active and have fun.


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Like all graduate programs, pursuing an MBA is a big commitment. There is time, effort, and a significant amount of money involved.Just like your undergraduate financial aid, you will need to complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid or FAFSA. This form is the only form you need for federal aid and is most likely the only form you will need for your MBA program.
Financial aid for MBA programs comes in the form of grants, loans, tax credits, work study, state aid, and scholarships.
- Grants- While you are no longer eligible for Pell Grants like when your where and undergraduate student, that does not mean free money no out there. The amount of grants or fellowships available varies by school. Once you are admitted to a program, contact your school's financial aid office to see what is available because this money is given on an as-needed, first-come, first-serve basis.
- Loans- Fill out that trusty FAFSA. MBA students can borrow up to $18,500 a year in Stafford loans. $10,000 must be subsidized and up to $8,500 can be unsubsidized. Other options for loans are Perkins and private loans. Perkin's loans are only available to students with the exceptional need for financial aid. These loans have a very low interest rate and carry no fees. Contact your school's financial aid office if you think you qualify for a Perkins loan. Private loans are available for students in the event all other loan and grant money do not cover the cost your educational expenses. Once again, your school's financial aid off can guide you in the right direction. These loans include MBA Excel and Citiassist.
- Tax Credits- The Lifetime Learning Tax Credit is available to graduate students. This tax credit can be claimed during any year of schooling, including graduate. This credit is determined by summing up your educational expenses. Yourself, your dependents, or your spouse can be claimed for this tax credit.
- State Aid- Unfortunately, the only state aid that is generally available for MBA students is the tuition rate available for in-state residents. However, aid varies by state and your financial aid office will be able to guide you in the right direction.
- Work Study- Work study programs are available at almost every school. If you are full time MBA student, work study and your course load may be difficult. Work study programs are funded by the school and the federal government. Most work study programs are part time and on campus. They work around your class schedule and allow you to work in the business school itself.
- Scholarships- Run a quick search for "MBA Scholarships", I bet you did not find much. Scholarships are extremely rare for MBA programs and full scholarships are almost unheard of. Why you ask? Most business schools are extremely confident that you will be easily able to repay your students loans with your post graduate MBA salaries. Colleges and Universities generally allocate more of their scholarship fund money to programs with lower paying salaries. However, do not let this discourage you from achieving your goals! Try to get in contact with professionals who possess an MBA, they will tell you this degree was an excellent financial investment.
Categories: Financial Aid | Grants | Scholarships | Student Loans | Work Study
Tags: grants loans scholarships state financial aid tax credits


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Strong and clear [" The yes and no of prayer ," Barb Goodspeed Grant, November 14, 2016, Sentinel ] What a strong, clear article! Thank you! My girls both ride horses and play softball and can totally relate. I love how Barb Goodspeed Grant emphasizes the need to back up our "yes" or "no" with spiritual fact.
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