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Inspiration: Wildlife Treasury
The Wildlife Treasury was a subscription-based card collection, featuring an encyclopedia of the world's animals. The first package included a bright green plastic case to put your card collection in, and then each month additional cards would come in the mail, where you would have to sort them.
I loved these as a kid. I think this fed right into my sense of order and arrangement – by needing to organize and shelf each card in the specific Order/Genus/etc – along with my imagination. We didn't have a lot of money growing up, so family trips were wherever a KOA Campsite and a day's drive could take us.1Often listening to Bruce Springsteen's Born to Run So these cards allowed my young brain to wonder. Looking at them now, they really do feel like slow-motion Instagram of the late 70's.
Inspiration points
- How might we use subscription to heighten excitement and to paper over the fact that I won't have every single piece of furniture or urban typology mapped out, since I'm only one person, and there continue to be new products put onto the streets.
- How might I use the card format to make it more playful – the City is here for us to use as Adam says.
- I love the simple taxonomy icons. Full stop.
- The use of great photography.
- This is surely a nostalgic play on my part, but I loved these.
More inspiration
Rooftop Catalogue by MVRDV
Axonometric views of NYC as inspiration
Inspiration: NACTO Design Guidelines
The National Association of City Transportation Officials is an association of 81 major North American cities and transit agencies formed to exchange transportation ideas, insights, and practices and cooperatively approach national transportation issues. As part of their work, they have been publishing some excellent guidebooks drawn on established case studies and best practices from their members.
The Urban Street Design Guide is a great example. Filled with guidelines and case studies, it is part guidebook and part evangelical document, aimed at assisting civic practitioners make their communities better.
Offering specific examples with wider strategy, I find these volumes to be excellent directional guides. They strike the right balance between what is compulsory, what is optional, and ways to extend the installation.
I also appreciate the mix of simple line drawings and photos from existing installations. This bridging the desired with the actual installed facts on the ground move these guides from the academic to the practical.
More Inspiration
Rooftop Catalogue by MVRDV
Axonometric views of NYC as inspiration
- Roosevelt Island Master Plan
- Observed: Parc Vue bin
- Increments of Neighborhood by Brian O'Looney
- Observed: dumpster planter
- A layered history: interview with Mari Kroin
- Feminist Architecture: a new way with Grace Thomas
- Observed: Outdoor dining yurt village in Williamsburg
- Crisis 2020
- Observed: snow covered Standard Collection Box Receptacle
- Vibrant communities, at a small scale – an interview with Jessica Mathews


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Is $ 20.00
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Mattress 200 X 200
If you're intending to purchase an additional cushion, one of the most challenging point you have to decide on is where to start. Do you go shopping in stores or browse on the net? Do you prefer budget-friendly choices or choose a more costly version? What's one of the most appropriate form, size, appearance, and also style? There are a great deal of options to think about, specifically if you're buying a cushion for the first time.
In this guidebook, I will certainly guide you on how to pick the best cushion to match your demands. We'll talk about different kinds of cushions, just how to discover the very best feel for you, and more!more! Ultimately, I'm certain you'll have the ability to situate the bed mattress that you have actually been trying to find.
What do you think of this plan? Let's begin!
When choosing a mattress, what should you think about?
The most critical point is to make certain that your back stays straight when resting. Your sleeping setting, the kind of body, and your individual choices regarding the feeling as well as the products all contribute to determining the mattress that is most suitable to your particular requirements. Likewise, you ought to think about costs, ease, long life in addition to any sleep issues such as whether you're a warm sleeper or experience neck and back pain or awakened by your sleep partner. We'll discuss these subjects (and other points!) to help you decide. Cushion Types
You will certainly locate a large choice of firmness degrees in addition to rates for the majority of products available on the marketplace. Innerspring as well as memory foam beds are amongst the most sought-after nonetheless all of it boils down to specific preference. Right here's how you can select your type of mattress:
These cushions resemble memory foam nevertheless, latex is constructed from rubber trees as well as is utilized to make all-natural bed mattress. The price of latex is more than memory foam and also is much more long lasting, so you can anticipate it to jump with much less sinking in feeling.
There are two type of latex that you'll see when you shop: Dunlop, which is generally denser than Talalay, and also Talalay that might be softer. In the real world, you might not see the distinction in between these two.
Memory foamMassage Bed Mattress Topper
They also aid with motion seclusion, suggesting it is much less most likely that you really feel the movement of your rest partner move.
There are usually numerous layers of foam with firmer under for toughness and also support, and also soft foam on top to offer convenience. The disadvantage of the memory foam kind is that it could catch heat more easily, nonetheless, some brands have incorporated cooling down alternatives to stay clear of overheating.
The beds are built of steel coils, that makes them a lot more solid and also uses even more bounce. They are a favorite for the majority of buyers, particularly when compared to mattress boxes that have been preferred in current times. They are better for belly and back sleepers who value an added firm surface area to preserve the back abreast.
Take into consideration both the scale and also the variety of coils when purchasing. The coil gauge will inform you the thickness of the steel. It normally can vary from 12 to 15, as well as a smaller number suggests it's even more durable and robust. The coil matter will tell you the number of coils within the mattress. A good mattress will certainly consist of at the minimum 400 coils for the Queen size. It is also possible to consider pocketed coils, which suggests that each spring is wrapped independently (as opposed to being webbed together) to offer you targeted assistance.
Crossbreed bed mattress utilize a mixture of memory foam, latex, as well as coils. Be conscious that they're likely to cost even more and also take longer to put up than their all-foam versions.
They're not as typical, flexible beds come with air chambers that allow you to change the bed mattress's firmness. They're specifically beneficial for pairs who have diverse preferences. They're expensive, yet clients continually state that their purchase deserved the price as a result of the outstanding sleep they obtain.
Things to think about when selecting the appropriate bed mattress
To evaluate a cushion at a shop lay down and rest on it as you would certainly in the house.Massage Bed Mattress Topper
When you go to the store or checking an on-line bed mattress have a look at the comfort of the bed mattress by asking yourself these inquiries. ( If you can answer "yes" to any one of them, it's high that the cushion the one you're sleeping in is actually comfy.).
Are you able to feel it as firm or as soft as you 'd choose?
When looking at a retail shop for a particular brand name that you prefer, you can attempt the firmest version first, as well as after that slowly softer till you get to the to which you are comfy.
Does it assistance or cradle your body in the method you 'd like it also?
Cushions made out of latex– an extra springy kind of foam produced from the rubber sap tree – can feel like a mix of a memory foam cushion and also one made of innerspring.
If you appreciate bouncing on your mattress Is it the appropriate quantity and of the right kind?
All of us have slept in a blow up bed mattress, therefore we're shown to love beds that have even more bounce (or we 'd like to have more). There's even more bounce normally in innerspring mattresses as well as hybrids with an innerspring forward style. Memory foam that has latex layers or a mattress made of all latex will certainly neutralize the sunk-in feel as well, many thanks to an elastic, bouncy feeling that some favor to innerspring bounce. Latex as well as coils may feel a lot more comfortable when you move a great deal while you're resting or getting up as well as down in bed, in a group or on your own.Massage Bed Mattress Topper
Can it help keep you cozy or awesome enough?
If you are prone to sleeping hot it is best to stay clear of foam cushions. They are known for saving heat. In addition, they are more comfortable since body heat is moved throughout the coils' areas and afterwards distributes to the space. If you're a sleeper that is warm however you like the comfort of foam, you ought to search for innerspring that are foam hybrids or which are quilted utilizing a foam topper. A lot of foam mattresses include using products that permit different degrees of heat transfer, for example, foam that integrates air channels, copper, gel graphite, or copper infusions. However, understand that they normally cost extra, and also they don't appropriate for all and the benefits may be extremely marginal. Mattresses made from latex are cooler as well as are more resilient than cushions constructed from memory foam.
Good edge support will certainly guarantee that you've obtained a strong surface to rest on, without needing to worry about sliding throughout the cushion.
Does the side have adequate stamina to withstand the demands of your usage?
If you enjoy to lie at an edge in your cushion, then you'll more than likely call for a bed mattress with specific edge assistance. Innerspring bed mattress are typically built utilizing a covering made from high-density polyurethane or more rigid coils around the edges. While some people like the foam covering, it might soften over time. If you are prone to being in the corner of your bed often it is suggested to consider a cushion that has stronger coils at the sides as well as will likely prove more strong. The side assistance of cushions that is foam-forward crossbreeds and foam mattresses typically depends upon the density of the foam that remains in those assistance layers. You should not be thinking that an item will certainly offer exceptional side assistance without evaluating it for on your own. Both Temper-Adapt along with the Leesa Crossbreed, 2 of the top choices consisted of in the guide on the top crossbreed cushions are made from foams that weigh at a minimum of 4-pounds per cubic foot, and for that reason give strong edge support.
Can you and your spouse both hinge on it?
If you're sleeping with a friend, however your choices are various, for instance, you such as firmness, yet your partner chooses something a lot more luxurious, you'll need to discover an acceptable compromise. Search for one of the most comfy for your partner with musculoskeletal issues (such as pain in the back) according to the Cleveland Clinic's Santhosh Tomas. When neither is experiencing any concerns on this front it's possible to select a firmer cushion as well as (for a bed that's king-sized) attempt to make one side a lot more comfortable with a twin-sized top bed mattress.
If you are incapable to discover a cushion that appropriates for both of you there are a variety of choices. Air beds that can be changed like Rest Number's Sleep Number allow pairs to fill the bed mattress to any type of level of firmness they like. Particular bedding shops with straight connections to manufacturing facilities give this type of cushion along with foam as well as innerspring cushions.
Furthermore, if you awake each when your companion tips over, or your youngsters (or pets) sleep with you, you'll need to choose bed mattress that have excellent motion dissipation. Foam cushions of all budget plans often tend to lower the feeling of motion, however you will additionally locate this type of cushion in higher-end crossbreed and innerspring mattresses. Cushions that have pockets coils (which are covered in fabric, as opposed to linked as one system) use one of the most efficient activity simplification (they're likewise more efficient in the ability to contour as well as give stress relief over other spring kinds).
Does it show up as well as feel excellent?
At first look, all bed mattress appear really the same (simply an un-covered textile box!). As soon as you have actually identified what you intend to try to find you can tighten your search to cushions that will last longer than other versions. The cushion needs to be raised and walked around to guarantee it's not lightweight as well as fragile. Inspect the bed mattress cover, as well as make certain it's stitched and also is solid. If you're using a hybrid or foam cushion, inquire about the foam thickness, particularly for the highest layers. A grownup who weighs under 200lbs is advised to seek at the very least 3 pounds for each cubic inch of density when acquiring a memory foam mattress. Those who weigh over 200 extra pounds must be satisfied by making sure that they have a minimum of 4 extra pounds per cubic foot.
Massage Bed Mattress Topper
If you're aiming to check mattresses that are made up of polyfoam with no memory and weigh fewer than 200 pounds then you're much better off picking a bed mattress with a density of at minimal 1.8 bunches per cubic foot (such as the Tuft as well as Needle Original). If you're furthermore 200 extra pounds you're far better off selecting a lot more thick foam options that drop that are two extra pounds for each and every cubic feet or better (for example the top layer in the Tempur-Adapt is a thick foam that is 2 1/2 pounds for each and every cubic foot). If a maker doesn't offer details on the thickness of its foam on its website you can make inquiries using a client support rep online or an educated worker at the store. If you're seeking to build a lasting perception you need to seek brand names that are straightforward concerning their materials.If your bed mattress is spring-loaded inquire about the kind as well as scale. Pocket coils are the very best option for motion-separation and also curvature-conforming convenience. Support coils (those located in the lower layers in the middle of the bed mattress) are generally more durable when they're between 12 to 15 gauge or less. The more slim your gauge is the better the density of the coil, and also the extra solid the sensation, although you might locate (and favor) slightly much more determines in mattresses that are soft. A mattress that has lots of assistance coils is usually stronger than one that has comparable quality coils, but fewer of them. ( This is why a cushion is taken into consideration a budget plan alternative such as that of the IKEA Hesstun, which generally has less than 50% fewer coils than the ones we take into consideration to update choices.) In the case of cheaper innerspring, they can achieve the exact same firmness, yet not utilizing even more dense coils, however rather utilizing other methods like putting coils better close.
What is the danger of body impacts from the body?
Mattress manufacturers have educated us that it's hard to quilt thick polyfoams (most we located were around 1.7 grams per cubic inch).
As compared to memory foam latex-only mattresses (such as our top latex selection or Zenhaven) Zenhaven), in addition to innerspring with a layer of Latex (like those in the Charles P. Rogers Estate SE among our top innerspring choices), are more durable to sagging as well as body impacts no matter the user's weight. While wonderful parts can not ensure that the bed mattress will last all the time (it hinges on just how the elements are assembled) Nonetheless, they'll reduce the opportunity of dissatisfaction over the long haul.
What is the policy for return?
Many cushions on the net use a test of 100 days or more in the event that you buy straight from the business. It's possible to examine a cushion for a period of one month prior to when you are able to make a return, nonetheless. Third-party stores, like Amazon.com chain store, as well as mattress shops might have their very own laws relying on whether you bought the cushion online or from brick-and-mortar shops.
Do you think this is a real deal?
Go to the producer's site or the site of the brand name to discover the SRP of the bed mattress prior to buying and after that utilize it to check if the seller is offering a reasonable bargain.Massage Bed Mattress Topper


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Copyright ©2007 Agape Life Ministries, Inc. All rights reserved.
Agape Life Ministries, Inc
Po Box 49147
Jacksonville Beach, FL 32240
January 5, 2010
Issue of Control
- Elsabe Briers
The Kingdom of God versus the kingdom of Self-power
Today I am compelled by the Holy Spirit to bring something to exposure that has tripped up many of God's children. I trust
that, as you read this, the Spirit of Wisdom and revelation will minister to you and that many will be set free by the knowledge
of the truth.
Let us pray, "
Our heavenly Father, let Your Name be glorified in our lives, let Your Kingdom come, let Your will be done on
earth as it is in heaven.
In the Kingdom of God, Jesus reigns as Lord and King. Many have been born again, entering the Kingdom of God, but are still
dominated by fear and therefore still in control of their own lives, situations and decisions. In the kingdom of this world we are
taught to rely on human strength, power and wisdom. In the Kingdom of God, we, as sons of God, are led by the Spirit. The
question is, "Who is in control of my life, I or the Spirit?" or "Who's will is done, mine or God's?" Are we living in the Kingdom
dimension, or in the World system?
The Spirit of Fear brings people into Bondage
Many of us know that the spirit of fear is the greatest enemy of the abundant life in the Kingdom as he comes to steal, kill and
destroy. In these uncertain times this spirit is gaining much ground, flooding peoples minds and leaving in its wake a trail of
captives. Especially with financial insecurity increasing, people are groping to gain control over their lives and those of others,
so that they might feel safe. Fear thus brings us into bondage and causes us to bring the people around us into bondage.
This causes a chain reaction that runs through families and wreaks havoc through generation after regeneration.
The spirit of fear takes its place in people's lives through insecurity, rejection, low self esteem, fear of rejection, self-rejection,
fear of people's opinions, anxiety, stress, fear of loneliness, and a whole series of other "fears", but mainly fear of the
unknown and therefore fear of losing control.
If we are secure in the knowledge of our Father's love, we know by the Spirit that we are sons of God and our faith is in His
faithfulness to take care of our every need.
Rom. 8:15 "
For ye have not received the spirit of bondage again to fear; but ye have received the Spirit of adoption,
whereby we cry, Abba, Father.
Unfortunately the spirit of the World has infiltrated our senses so much through the media that we have become self-reliant
instead of Holy Spirit-reliant. That is why Jesus tells us to abide in Him and in His Word and in His Love. That is the safest
place anyone can imagine! It is a matter of living and walking in the Spirit opposed to living and making decisions of control
in and by the arm of the flesh (which always leaves you like a dry bush in the desert - Jer. 17:5-6).
In the Kingdom of God, Love reigns and the realization of that divine love that moved the Father to give us His only Son, so that
we can have life everlasting, sets us free from fear.
1 John 4:18 "
There is no fear in love; but perfect love casteth out fear: because fear hath torment. He that feareth is not
made perfect in love.
II Tim. 1:7 "
For God hath not given us the spirit of fear; but of power, and of love, and of a sound mind.
God has given us His Holy Spirit to endow us with His power, His love and a mind that is at rest, focusing on Him.
How Fear causes a Controlling Spirit to take root
Through the intimidation of fear, a person will try to create control over the security of his own little world by his own wisdom
and power for the protection of the self, where he has the "say". Out of this comfort zone he will start taking control over every
situation and person that might threaten this false security with different ideas than his own.
To trust in our own understanding of a matter is utmost folly, for without Him we are nothing and can do nothing and can bear
no good fruit. (Jo. 15)
Prov. 3:5-7 "
Trust in THE LORD with all thine heart; and lean not unto thine own understanding. In all thy ways
acknowledge him, and he shall direct thy paths. Be not wise in thine own eyes: fear the LORD, and depart from evil.
The key word is DEPENDENCE on the LORD. Faith and trust go hand in hand, but I can believe in God, yet not truly trust
Him. Without faith it is impossible to please God, but I need to put my trust in Him for every step of the way and He will make
it to work out for my good.
Fear of man produces Pride of Self
Through want of approval a person will try to prove himself by taking control in certain areas of his/her life where he has
influence or where he has a talent or ability.
Through fear of rejection a person may become rigidly performance-orientated, a workaholic, being driven to perfection.
Perfectionism in self-power gets confused with divine order under Kingdom authority and "striving" becomes part of their
inner motivation so that they can never find rest and inner peace. This easily happens when parents put pressure on their
idols (children) to perform (so that they themselves can feel better?) for man's approval. Pressure always results in
resentment and eventually rebellion.
Those with rejection issues will often be focused on outward appearance, exercising "control" to make themselves look good,
feel good and in control of the situation. They cannot stand correction, for they have to be right. This is also part of the world
system. In the Kingdom of God it is the inward state of gentle and meek spirit that counts, in other words, humility!
The question is, "Who gets the glory, me or God?"
Control gained by "Benevolence"
For want of approval some will use manipulation with gifts and money and treats to win acceptance. This will result in certain
expectations through obligation because of the gifts. Control operates by soul power, not by the Spirit of God. Once a person
submits his free will to manipulation, he/she will be at the mercy of a controlling spirit. Controllers identify the "loved one's"
needs and soft spots and put their "hooks" into those areas by becoming the "answer" to their needs, so gaining control over
them for their own benefit, which is mostly to fulfill their own emotional need and cover their own weak spots. Controllers
thrive on feeling "needed" and therefore often come in the guise of servants, making themselves indispensable to receive
acceptance in order to comfort their own rejection. If they do not receive the expected response, they feel "used" and
manipulate the other party with guilt and feelings of obligation. People can exercise control through making choices for you,
without consulting you, or overriding your feelings and free-will choices; or else through their words or attitudes by using it as
an emotional "whip". It the control is very strong and exercised over a long period of time, the one who is under control can
come under the spirit of lethargy, which causes the will to become completely passive, so that he/she will find it hard to make
their own decisions or choices. The controlling person likes to have "dependents', which further boosts their control.
Fear of Lack
Fear of lack may cause people to become controlling with regard to money issues and in a marriage either one of the parties
could resent the other one for the way in which he/she handles the family's resources or using credit card facilities. Finances
should be stewarded with the wisdom of God and not squandered for the gratification of the flesh.
Lu. 16:10-1 "
He that is faithful in that which is least is faithful also in much: and he that is unjust in the least is unjust also
in much.
If therefore ye have not been faithful in the unrighteous mammon, who will commit to your trust the true riches?
Again, we should lean on the divine Wisdom and not mix the rules of the Kingdom of God with those of the world system.
God is our Source and our Provider and our trust should be solely in Him, not in man, not in a job or a business deal.
II Cor. 9:8 "
And God is able to make all grace abound toward you; that ye, always having all sufficiency in all things, may
abound to every good work
The question is, "In whom do I trust?"
If we would truly first seek the Kingdom of God (putting Him in control of every aspect of our lives) and His righteousness, ALL
ELSE WILL BE ADDED TO US! (Matt. 6:33).
Generational Control patterns
A mother, having been rejected (or controlled by parents or husband), will start being controlling over her children, eventually
causing rebellion en rejection by them and in them. This is a breeding ground for more controllers who will never live in
freedom until the Spirit of Revelation opens their eyes.
In trying to control a situation we violate the other person's free will and he has no choice in the matter. This is a key to the
root of anger that many people carry in their hearts and they often do not know why they are moody or even depressed.
Control develops into witchcraft, which is manipulation, domination and intimidation and alienates your closest loved ones. If
a wife is fearful that her husband will make the "wrong" choices, not doing things the way she thinks it should be done
(especially in the area of money), she will manipulate by "organizing" things and "pulling on emotional strings" to get her way.
If a person comes out of a history of divorce or broken relationships, he/she will fear repeated rejection and start controlling
the partner's every move. If the partner doesn't comply with her wishes, she will fee unloved and accuse him of no
consideration for her needs. This can happen in any relationship where one partner tries to control the other. The control will
backfire on the controller and bring total frustration and hopelessness and cause the person to find some escape route to get
rid of it. Some will go on shopping sprees; others will go into depression or indulgence in food, etc. This will in turn cause
guilt and self-rejection, but the pattern can only be broken when the control is surrendered to God.
Remember, fear is at the root of control, and the spirit of fear will paint pictures of disaster and failure and destruction in the
imagination. Entertaining these fears will cause a person to start co-operating with the devil and start envisioning it and
speaking out the fears as if they are going to happen. You have heard people say, "he is taking after his father (implying
some negative trait), and he is going to turn out just like him". Now this person is co-operating with the spirit of divination,
"prophesying" disaster and bringing curses on his/her loved ones through fear.
The battlefield is in the mind, as we all know, but still we allow "maybe" and "what if" and "if that should happen…" in our
minds. These are tactics of the enemy to draw us into expectations of disaster. If we recognize that fears are often related to
previous experience, we could shut the door on the enemy and submit our fears into the loving care of our Father, standing on
God's Word. (James 4:7).
Mothers who dominate and control their sons could cause them to become weaklings, (even homo-sexual, because their
manhood has been "violated") or cause them to become "dependent" on their input out of fear of losing them. Such men
could grow up, hating women who are controlling, then in turn become dominating over their wives.
Women who had mothers and grandmothers that were controllers usually end up doing the same thing to their children and
their husbands. If you recognize the bondage, you can choose to break the cycle for yourself and your family and minister
grace and liberty to many others. Halleluyah! Jesus came to set the captives free and being one with Him, you can walk in
the same breaker anointing by the Spirit.
In trying to control a situation we violate the other person's free will and he has no choice in the matter. This is a key to the
anger that many people carry in their hearts.
Fear and Control causing a person to be "over-protective"
Sometimes a mother, wanting to protect a child against the father's anger, takes "control" over the situation through fear,
causing lots of unnecessary problems. Remember that fear draws exactly that which you do not want, for you are making
room for it by contemplating its possibilities in your heart.
Job 3:25 "
For the thing which I greatly feared is come upon me, and that which I was afraid of is come unto me.
Expose the devil's lies out loud and declare the Word of God against your enemy! Use the Word as a sword against him and
take your authority in Christ!
Pray, believe and receive! Then praise the Lord to work out the situation for His glory! Rejoice in His victory and take back
your joy and peace!
Often parents want to keep control over their children even when they are grown-ups, interfering in their marriages, being
opinionated and prescriptive and manipulative. This is where the "In-law" becomes the problem in a marriage, although they
"mean so well". Parents keep your noses out of their marriages and businesses and let them be free – even to make
mistakes. Only make suggestions if you are asked, and make sure that your Guide is the Holy Spirit, not your fears. Entrust
your children into the care of their heavenly Father.
Some parents, often "well-meaning", have the tendency to want to "think for their children", never releasing them to take
responsibility for their own decisions. Some, especially mothers with only one child, or one daughter and one son, are so
focused on their children that their whole existence revolves around a child, or even a specific grandchild. Putting a person
on a pedestal can become obsessive "love", smothering and even draining, never freeing up the person to be in the care of
the Father, emotionally drawing on him/her for own selfish "comfort". This could also happen between marriage partners.
Some mothers (through possessive love) still keep their "babies" wound up in the womb of their own "protection" with the
umbilical cord tightly wrapped around them, exercising a "right" over them because they gave them birth. Remember, we DO
NOT OWN anybody!
Fear and control causing "love" to become Possessive, Prescriptive and Demanding
Possessive love has never been able to own the object of love, on the contrary it will push the loved one away! What initially
seemed to be loving-kindness will become overbearing and suffocating, leaving you no room for whom you are.
This kind of "jealous love" wants to "keep tabs" on everything the "loved one" does: where are you, what are you doing, where
were you when I phoned? What are you thinking? Whom did you talk to? When are you going to be." etc. It will also put
restrictions on the "loved one" out of fear and not allow him/her to make his own free choices. This can even happen in
friendships where another person's free time is occupied and camped off from others for the benefit of self. Remember
familiarity breeds contempt, for it gives place for the control of a familiar spirit. If you find yourself either "in" control or "under"
control, you can break free from it by giving full control to the Holy Spirit and submit your will to God's Word.
Where is our Trust – in man (or self) or in God?
The basis of our whole issue with self-control lies in the fact that we do not fully trust the Lord, but rely on our own wisdom
(the arm of flesh), thus stepping out of the place of "abiding in Him" into the system and ways of the world. The Bible tells us
that by doing this; we come under a curse of self power.
Jer. 17:5-10 "
Thus saith the LORD; Cursed be the man that trusteth in man, and maketh flesh his arm, and whose heart
departeth from THE LORD. For he shall be like the heath in the desert, and shall not see when good cometh; but shall
inhabit the parched places in the wilderness, in a salt land and not inhabited."
The blessing comes when we put our trust in the Lord and hope in Him alone:
Blessed is the man that trusteth in THE LORD, and whose hope the LORD is. For he shall be as a tree planted by the
waters, and that spreadeth out her roots by the river, and shall not see when heat cometh, but her leaf shall be green;
and shall not be careful in the year of drought, neither shall cease from yielding fruit. The heart is deceitful above all
things, and desperately wicked: who can know it? I THE LORD search the heart, I try the reins, even to give every man
according to his ways, and according to the fruit of his doings.
If we would only become like little children, trusting in our heavenly Father to sort out the details of our lives! To those belong
the Kingdom of God!
Freedom of Choice and Decision
Parents, we need to release our children to the Lord. Husbands and wives you need to release your spouses into freedom of
decision, putting your trust wholly in the Lord to have His way in their lives. Let them go out of bondage and release them to
LIVE in freedom and liberty under control of the Holy Spirit and not yours. Stop trying to mold them into your mold of what you
think they should be or become. They are not your possessions, but only gifts from the Father.
Children are to be raised up in the ways of the Lord with His Wisdom and be taught by example to become followers of
Christ. When they are old enough to leave home, be available for them with godly Wisdom, which you receive in the Presence
of God, but do not force your will and way onto them. And then, do not pray soulish (controlling) prayers over others (in other
words your will and opinion), but pray in the spirit, and into the Spirit realm to hear the Rhema Word of God; then declare God'
s Word over them.
Leaders setting and Example of Christ
Leaders and owners of businesses could also fall into this trap of control in various ways. We should always watch our
hearts to lead by the example of Christ, raising up others to follow in our footsteps as we follow the Christ, as humble
servants, and releasing them to fulfill their destiny when the time comes, not holding on to some to serve our own purposes.
This also applies to any relationship where we take the lead. In the World System people fight their way up, while in the
Kingdom of God He brings promotion to the humble. If a controlling leadership has hurt you, this is an opportunity to release
them through forgiveness and meditate on the lessons learned so that you never fall into the same trap.
Leaders and businessmen, if you want to prosper, give the reigns to the Lord and become dependent on the leading of the
Holy Spirit and you will stand astounded at the result.
Results of Control
Control always brings resistance in various degrees from irritation and frustration to withdrawal to outright rebellion to
uncontrolled anger and outrage, malice, spitefulness and even hatred.
The controlling person, now finding resistance, feels more rejected and misunderstood, resulting in despondency and
hopelessness and pity parties, causing a stiff, hard, repelling atmosphere around him or her. The controlled person in turn
feels oppressed, stifled and chained down. He/she might feel rejected, criticized, condemned, judged or violated by the
controller. He is not free to be himself, except in the company of others. He feels misunderstood and might try to find the
wrong escape route in drugs, alcohol, wrong relationships, etc.
Some people live in these cycles year in and out, even calling out to the Lord, but finding no answers because they fear to let
go of their own control. You cannot do the same thing over and over expecting different results. "Let go and let God!" is still
the only way that works.
Now is the time to change the pattern and step into the freedom and liberty of the Spirit-controlled life. It is a free choice!
Having suffered under the control of someone else
You might at times have felt frustrated, irritated and mad at everything, without being able to put your finger on the exact
cause. This happens when we get into a syndrome of living to please others without realizing that we are fighting for Life!
You might feel that you are suffocating, you cannot breathe, gasping for air, and that something is pulling you down all the
time, forcing their will onto you. Sometimes a controlling spirit can cause you to feel that you cannot move without being
"watched" and you have to give a detailed report about everything you are doing or planning. It is time to break free through
knowing the wiles of the enemy. You would probably feel a strong resistance against a loved one, though you love the
person, you just don't want to be around him or her. If you haven't seen them for a while, you might even miss them, but after
a little while this strong irritation wells up and you might even feel guilty and condemn yourself for feeling resentful and
unloving. Now you are fighting to stay "nice", but it is only on the surface.
Beloved, this is the time to recognize the controlling spirit. The strategy for victory over fleshly reactions is to submit to the Holy
Spirit and rely on His power to give you the victory.
Eph. 6:10-12 "
Finally, my brethren, be strong in the Lord, and in the power of his might. Put on the whole armour of God,
that ye may be able to stand against the wiles of the devil. For we wrestle not against flesh and blood, but against
principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this world, against spiritual wickedness in high
By the power of the Holy Spirit I can now choose to forgive the person(s) and let go of any resentment, anger, bitterness and
resistance. I definitely need to check whether there is any rebellion or stubbornness in my heart against godly authority and
repent of it.
If I realize that the person(s) operating under a controlling spirit is within himself controlled by fear, it is easier to forgive the
person and release him or her. This might have been a life-long way of operation and the person(s) involved might not even
realize it. When led by the Spirit, you could gently and lovingly tell the person what you have experienced, tell the person that
you have chosen to forgive him/her and make it clear that you cannot submit to any such control over your free will (which is
instigated by the person's fears). Ask the person to release you to make your own choices under guidance of the Holy Spirit.
Now loose your free will from that person's control, bless them and start living!
If you have been the controlling one, you might need to go and ask the people that you have wronged to forgive you and
release them in the process. Ask the Lord to go before you and make the crooked places straight with His glory.
1 Pet. 1:22 "
Seeing ye have purified your souls in obeying the truth through the Spirit unto unfeigned love of the brethren,
see that ye love one another with a pure heart fervently
At the same time I need to take a close look at myself, asking the Holy Spirit to show me any area where I exercise control to
comfort my own fears.
Some Symptoms of Control
If it rocks your boat every time someone does not do what you expected them to do, or does something that upsets your
way of thinking, you have a control issue.
If you want others to always agree with your choice or suggestions of what they should do, you have a control issue.
Release them to make their own decisions, even if you would have done it differently. (Judge not (Rom. 14:13) and grudge
not "
Grudge not one against another, brethren, lest ye be condemned: behold, the judge standeth before the door
" (Ja. 5:
If you feel offended because someone hasn't told you the details of their comings and goings, and you feel you have
the right to be informed, you will find that control is involved. (Controlling people are very inquisitive).
If you find yourself criticizing people for thinking differently than you, you need to ask yourself, "Why should they think the
way I think?"
If you have any "ought to" or "should" or "must" expectation from someone else, think again...! The root of your answer
might be found in fear that something will go wrong if they do not do as you wish; your reasoning might also be selfish,
thinking that they "owe" you something. Remember that control is clothed in the pride of thinking that you know best. Be
careful that you do not now "control" by having an attitude of resentment against anyone.
I someone is very nasty or hard towards you, investigate your expectations of him/her. He/she might retaliate against
your sub-conscious expectations of how you think they should live.
People who are controlling usually have very little patience with others; they cannot wait, but want their wishes to be
executed when, where and how they prescribe. They usually are very driven by performance and will drive others to perform
likewise, or else they get upset. Outward appearance means a lot to them, because they subconsciously fear the opinion of
men. They are quick to point the finger to other people's lack of consideration of their wishes, needs or desires because their
focus is on themselves. Forgive them, for they know not what they do, and be careful that you remove the beam from you own
eye first.
We need to take our eyes and our minds off the people and circumstances around us, and stay our minds on the Lord, which
will cause us to walk in perfect peace and victory (Is. 26:3).
God's Chosen Fast
Is. 58:6;9 "
Is not this the fast that I have chosen? To loose the bands of wickedness, to undo the heavy burdens, and to
let the oppressed go free, and that ye break every yoke? If thou take away from the midst of thee the yoke, the putting
forth of the finger, and speaking vanity."
The Rewards of Breaking the Yokes
Is. 58:9-10
Then shall thy light break forth as the morning
Thine health shall spring forth speedily
Thy righteousness shall go before thee
The glory of the LORD shall be thy rereward
Then shalt thou call, and THE LORD shall answer; thou shalt cry, and he shall say, Here I am.
Look at the rest of the promises too in verses 10-14. Isn't this the glory of the Kingdom of God's reign? Halleluyah!
Free choice to let go of your own control and find Freedom in the Spirit!
If you feel that any part of this writing has addressed an issue of control in your life, you could get total deliverance, as well as
your loved ones, to come into the freedom of the life in the Spirit, even now, by surrendering the control of your life to the reign
of the King. In the Kingdom of God there is no control of ought, and should and must and have to, but the free choice that
Father God has given His creatures to obey Him because they love Him.
This will also free up your loved ones to come back to you and love on you because they want to, not because of obligation.
Not by might, not by power, but by My Spirit, saith the Lord of Hosts
" (Zech. 4:6)
When the scales come off our eyes, we will realize that our own efforts to control our lives, our problems and other people
always turn out to be disastrous, because God is not in it. In this process we only serve the world system and ourselves.
The miracle of supernatural peace comes when we hand over our power and strength to the control of the power of the Holy
Spirit and where He has the reigns; there is liberty, peace and joy!
Surrendering all control to the Lord by the power of the Holy Spirit, putting your trust in God
Maybe you have already been convicted by the Holy Spirit of the control issues in your life, but you do not seem to get victory
over it, handing over to the Lord and then taking back the control over your life and those of others. Beloved, do not think that
this is something you can do in your own ability and strength. Remember, you have been very good at "own ability" before, so
that would be the way you have approached it in the past. Thinking back with honesty over our experiences where we did
anything in our own ability, we have to admit that it was always a disaster. So I cannot even surrender fully in my own power,
but He will surely help me if I depend on His grace. Freedom comes by releasing our fears, our families, even our very lives to
the control of the Holy Spirit.
God is waiting to be gracious over you and to take total care of your problems, but He is waiting on you to surrender every
facet of your life to Him, fully trusting Him to work out every situation for your good. This is your choice.
Matt. 11:28-30 "
Come unto me, all ye that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you,
and learn of me; for I am meek and lowly in heart: and ye shall find rest unto your souls. For my yoke is easy, and my
burden is light.
The Lord has made full provision for us to cease from our own works (and control) and by faith in Him enter into His rest.
(Heb. 4:1-10) Let us ponder on this, to rest from our own works, is to rely on God to do His work in us and in each other,
completing the work which He has started.
Steps to take for healing, prescribed by the Holy Spirit when we recognize a stronghold, is as
1) Humility to acknowledge our carnality:
I Pet. 5:5 "
Likewise, ye younger, submit yourselves unto the elder. Yea, all of you be subject one to another, and be
clothed with humility: for God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to the humble. Humble yourselves therefore under
the mighty hand of God, that he may exalt you in due time: Casting all your care upon him; for he careth for you.
2) Tear down those strongholds of pride, self-righteousness, rebellion and control by repentance and the power of the Blood
of Jesus, submitting ourselves to the Word of God.
I Pet. 5:6-7 "
Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and
bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ;
And having in a readiness to revenge all disobedience, when your obedience is fulfilled.
Prayer of Repentance, Release and Surrender
Dear heavenly Father, I come to You in the Name of Jesus, Your Son, who paid the price for my sins on Calvary with His
precious Blood. I PRAISE YOU FOR PROVING YOUR LOVE TO ME. I repent this day of giving in to fear, not trusting You and
for exercising control over my own life and over others. I also choose to forgive anyone who has rejected me, controlled me
and forced me to do things against my own will, violating my freedom of choice. Father forgive me for my fleshly reactions and
cleanse me with the blood of Jesus. Deliver me now from all my fears, Lord, for You are my Deliverer. I give them to you Lord
and I receive Your perfect Love for me that drives out all my fear. I now hand over all my loved ones into Your loving care, also
the ones who have wronged me. I choose now, with my own free will to PUT MY TRUST WHOLLY IN YOU and I submit my
will to You, to be led by the Holy Spirit. Lord, I acknowledge that without You I can do nothing and I declare my total
dependence on You. I receive my freedom and liberty in the Spirit now in Jesus' Name. Amen.
II Tim. 1:7 "
For God hath not given us the spirit of fear; but of power, and of love, and of a sound mind.
Keeping your Liberty and Victory in Christ
Gal. 5:1 "
Stand fast therefore in the liberty wherewith Christ hath made us free, and be not entangled again with the yoke
of bondage.
Be careful, after you have forgiven and released someone (or yourself) that you do not allow yourself to get into the same
bondage again. Walk under the control of the Holy Spirit now and make a fresh commitment every day to lay down your life on
the cross and letting Him take care of your cares. Do not allow anyone else to manipulate you to come into the middle of a
situation where you become his or her spokesman for control either.
When the spirit of fear attacks you again, submit the problem to the Lord, resist the enemy and he will flee from you. (Ja 4:7)
Simply refuse to try and work it out in your own power but wait in the Lord in high praises until you receive His Rhema Word.
Then declare it over the situation and see the manifestation thereof! Remember, in the Kingdom of God we live from every
Word that comes from His mouth. Without His Word on a situation, you will start reasoning with the natural mind and try to
"make it work" and God does not co-operate with that system.
II Tim. 1:7 "
For God hath not given us the spirit of fear; but of power, and of love, and of a sound mind.
God has given us His Holy Spirit to endow us with His power, His love and a mind that is at rest. So when the enemy comes,
like a flood the Spirit raises up a standard against him. Pray in the Spirit and He will intercede for you with unutterable
groanings. (Rom. 8:26)
Daily take up your cross, walk in the Spirit and not in the flesh and abide in Christ, bearing the fruit of the Spirit.
Pray in faith, thank God for the answer, leave it in His hands and enjoy His peace.
Phil. 4:6-7 "
Be careful for nothing; but in every thing by prayer and supplication with thanksgiving let your requests be
made known unto God.
And the peace of God, which passeth all understanding, shall keep your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus.
Now keep your affections on things above, not on the earth (Col. 3:2).
Phil. 4:8 "
Finally, brethren, whatsoever things are true, whatsoever things are honest, whatsoever things are just,
whatsoever things are pure, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are of good report; if there be any virtue,
and if there be any praise, think on these things.
When you encounter controlling people, let your spirit man rise up and shine His glory! Deliberately choose to walk in joy and
do not allow the enemy to steal your peace, for the Kingdom of God is righteousness, peace and joy in the Holy Ghost! (Rom.
Gal. 2: 20: "
I am crucified with Christ: nevertheless I live; yet not I, but Christ liveth in me: and the life which I now live in
the flesh I live by the faith of the Son of God, who loved me, and gave himself for me.
Where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is liberty
!" (II Cor. 3:17)
And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil: For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever.
" (Matt. 6:13)
May God bless you with the enjoyment of His abundant life in the Kingdom!
Printable Version


text:
Monterrey (Casanare)
Monterrey (Casanare) is geographically located at latitude 4° 52' 47" North of the Equator and longitude 72° 54' 0" West of the Prime Meridian on the Map of World. The following locations related to it are represented by the shortest distances between two points on Earth and may not be nearest by road.
Monterrey, Colombia: Monterrey Airport [MOY]
El Yopal, Colombia: El Yopal Airport [EYP]
Santa Rosa de Viterbo (Boyaca, Colombia)


text:
Tonight at Montreat we had what is called a 'Variety Show' where people go up on stage and do a performance in order to show off their "talents." We had 6 out of our 8 youth members perform in the Variety Show. Liam performed on his guitar and sang "Everlong". Haley, Ruth, Katy, William, and Charlie performed a choreographed musical number of "Crocodile Rock". Before the show, we hosted some of the youth members and leaders of First Presbyterian Church Bay Minette for a spaghetti dinner. It was quite a great day at the end of it all.
--Patrick Hurley


text:
mixed-fiber-macrameDownload Book Mixed Fiber Macrame in PDF format. You can Read Online Mixed Fiber Macrame here in PDF, EPUB, Mobi or Docx formats.
Mixed Fiber Macram?Author : Chantel Conlon
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Take Macramé to the Next Level with Simple Weaving Techniques and Colorful Fibers Weave color and creativity into your macramé art with 24 fresh projects featuring on-trend techniques and fun fibers. Ribbons, raffia, roving and more bring an inspired twist to this ever-popular craft, and Chantel Conlon is your guide to this modern approach. She'll teach you to macraweave eye-catching wall hangings, knot elegant plant hangers with pops of color and make your own stylish home décor, like pillows, rugs and more. You'll be amazed at just how simple it is to create incredible macramé pieces no one else has seen before. Packed with step-by-step instructions and photos, everything you need to make stunning creations is here in one place. New knotters will appreciate the detailed knot guide, beginner-friendly tutorials and information on how to set up your workspace. Meanwhile, experienced fiber artists will be excited to dive into advanced techniques and a seemingly endless variety of colors and fibers. With a vast array of captivating designs like the Zahra Chandelier, Triple Threat Plant Hanger, Might as Wool Macraweave and Under the Sea Wall Hanging, get ready to have your friends and family gushing over your trendy handwoven home décor.
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It's time to cook up some creativity! You're invited to a fanciful feast of color, textures and luscious layers that will tempt even the most discriminating painter's palette. Whether you love experimenting with your own flavors, or following a recipe to a 'T,' Flavor of Mixed Media will be your guide to handcrafting some of your most delectable works of art yet! Artist Mary Beth Shaw will share her mixed media painting techniques for working with color, incorporating many different textures, creating multiple layers, developing a distinct flavor and making all sorts of clever combinations. In addition to home-style favorite such as collage tips and tricks, and inspiring works by "dinner guest" artists, other things you'll sample from this menu include: • How to experiment with color mixing and develop your own tasty triads • Achieving texture with unusual tools such as a cheese grater or stencils or "icing" • Clever new ways to use what's already in your art-making pantry • Creating depth to your work with cutout shapes or Plexiglas • Doodling bookmaking, collagraph printing, actual food recipes and more! Clear off the counter and get cooking! Let Flavor for Mixed Media tempt your "palette" today.
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Now macramé is for making attention-grabbing jewelry, hot accessories, and other projects. Best of all, if you can tie your shoes, you can create any of these great-looking items. No expensive material to buy, no fancy equipment needed, and no experience required. The "Knots 101" course will show you how every stitch is done, so you can get started almost immediately.
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An Essential Reference for Sellers of Arts and Crafts In The Law (in Plain English)® for Galleries, Third Edition, Leonard DuBoff and Christopher Perea walk readers through the legal intricacies of selling arts and crafts. This helpful guide provides clear explanations and examples of real cases to furnish readers with a strong understanding of their obligations and vulnerabilities. Updated to reflect recent changes in the market and technology, this new edition is the go-to guide for all aspects of running a gallery. Chapters cover a wide range of topics, including: Organizing a business Franchising Working with employees and contractors Selling pieces Contracts Artists' and galleries' rights Catalogs and online sales Copyright and trademark Customer relations Product liability Filing taxes Estate planning Gallerists, artists, craftspeople, and anyone else interested in the buying and selling of arts and crafts must have this book in their libraries.
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The artistic and practical aspects of creating fabric are considered in discussions on weaving on the loom and by hand, spinning and coloring yarn, and designing material
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E forex wiki
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It's often abbreviated as fx. Forex exists so that large amounts of one currency can be exchanged for the equivalent value in another currency at the current market rate. Some of these trades occur because financial institutions, companies, or individuals have a business need to exchange one currency for another.
For example, an American company may trade U. A great deal of forex trade exists to accommodate speculation on the direction of currency values. Traders profit from the price movement of a particular pair of currencies. These represent the U. There will also be a price associated with each pair, such as 1. If the price increases to 1. In the forex market, currencies trade in lots called micro, mini, and standard lots. A micro lot is 1, units of a given currency, a mini lot is 10,, and a standard lot is , When trading in the electronic forex market, trades take place in blocks of currency, and they can be traded in any volume desired, within the limits allowed by the individual trading account balance.
For example, you can trade seven micro lots 7, or three mini lots 30, , or 75 standard lots 7,, The forex market is unique for several reasons, the main one being its size. Trading volume is generally very large. This exceeds global equities stocks trading volumes by roughly 25 times. The forex market is open 24 hours a day, five days a week, in major financial centers across the globe. This means that you can buy or sell currencies at virtually any hour. In the past, forex trading was largely limited to governments, large companies, and hedge funds.
Now, anyone can trade on forex. Many investment firms, banks, and retail brokers allow individuals to open accounts and trade currencies. When trading in the forex market, you're buying or selling the currency of a particular country, relative to another currency. But there's no physical exchange of money from one party to another as at a foreign exchange kiosk. In the world of electronic markets, traders are usually taking a position in a specific currency with the hope that there will be some upward movement and strength in the currency they're buying or weakness if they're selling so that they can make a profit.
A currency is always traded relative to another currency. If you sell a currency, you are buying another, and if you buy a currency you are selling another. The profit is made on the difference between your transaction prices. A spot market deal is for immediate delivery, which is defined as two business days for most currency pairs. The business day excludes Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays in either currency of the traded pair. During the Christmas and Easter season, some spot trades can take as long as six days to settle.
Funds are exchanged on the settlement date , not the transaction date. The U. The euro is the most actively traded counter currency , followed by the Japanese yen, British pound, and Swiss franc. Market moves are driven by a combination of speculation , economic strength and growth, and interest rate differentials. Retail traders don't typically want to take delivery of the currencies they buy.
They are only interested in profiting on the difference between their transaction prices. Because of this, most retail brokers will automatically " roll over " their currency positions at 5 p. EST each day. The broker basically resets the positions and provides either a credit or debit for the interest rate differential between the two currencies in the pairs being held. The trade carries on and the trader doesn't need to deliver or settle the transaction. When the trade is closed the trader realizes a profit or loss based on the original transaction price and the price at which the trade was closed.
The rollover credits or debits could either add to this gain or detract from it. Since the forex market is closed on Saturday and Sunday, the interest rate credit or debit from these days is applied on Wednesday. Therefore, holding a position at 5 p. Any forex transaction that settles for a date later than spot is considered a forward.
The price is calculated by adjusting the spot rate to account for the difference in interest rates between the two currencies. The amount of adjustment is called "forward points. The forward points reflect only the interest rate differential between two markets.
They are not a forecast of how the spot market will trade at a date in the future. A forward is a tailor-made contract. It can be for any amount of money and can settle on any date that's not a weekend or holiday. As in a spot transaction, funds are exchanged on the settlement date. A forex or currency futures contract is an agreement between two parties to deliver a set amount of currency at a set date, called the expiry, in the future.
Futures contracts are traded on an exchange for set values of currency and with set expiry dates. Unlike a forward, the terms of a futures contract are non-negotiable. A profit is made on the difference between the prices the contract was bought and sold at. Instead, speculators buy and sell the contracts prior to expiration, realizing their profits or losses on their transactions. There are some major differences between the way the forex operates and other markets such as the U. This means investors aren't held to as strict standards or regulations as those in the stock, futures or options markets.
There are no clearinghouses and no central bodies that oversee the entire forex market. You can short-sell at any time because in forex you aren't ever actually shorting; if you sell one currency you are buying another. Since the market is unregulated, fees and commissions vary widely among brokers.
Most forex brokers make money by marking up the spread on currency pairs. Others make money by charging a commission, which fluctuates based on the amount of currency traded. Some brokers use both. There's no cut-off as to when you can and cannot trade. Because the market is open 24 hours a day, you can trade at any time of day. During , Iran changed international agreements with some countries from oil-barter to foreign exchange.
The foreign exchange market is the most liquid financial market in the world. Traders include governments and central banks, commercial banks, other institutional investors and financial institutions, currency speculators , other commercial corporations, and individuals. The biggest geographic trading center is the United Kingdom, primarily London. In April , trading in the United Kingdom accounted for Owing to London's dominance in the market, a particular currency's quoted price is usually the London market price.
For instance, when the International Monetary Fund calculates the value of its special drawing rights every day, they use the London market prices at noon that day. Trading in the United States accounted for Foreign exchange futures contracts were introduced in at the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and are traded more than to most other futures contracts.
Most developed countries permit the trading of derivative products such as futures and options on futures on their exchanges. All these developed countries already have fully convertible capital accounts. Some governments of emerging markets do not allow foreign exchange derivative products on their exchanges because they have capital controls.
The use of derivatives is growing in many emerging economies. The growth of electronic execution and the diverse selection of execution venues has lowered transaction costs, increased market liquidity, and attracted greater participation from many customer types. In particular, electronic trading via online portals has made it easier for retail traders to trade in the foreign exchange market. Unlike a stock market, the foreign exchange market is divided into levels of access.
At the top is the interbank foreign exchange market , which is made up of the largest commercial banks and securities dealers. Within the interbank market, spreads, which are the difference between the bid and ask prices, are razor sharp and not known to players outside the inner circle. The difference between the bid and ask prices widens for example from 0 to 1 pip to 1—2 pips for currencies such as the EUR as you go down the levels of access.
This is due to volume. If a trader can guarantee large numbers of transactions for large amounts, they can demand a smaller difference between the bid and ask price, which is referred to as a better spread. The levels of access that make up the foreign exchange market are determined by the size of the "line" the amount of money with which they are trading.
An important part of the foreign exchange market comes from the financial activities of companies seeking foreign exchange to pay for goods or services. Commercial companies often trade fairly small amounts compared to those of banks or speculators, and their trades often have a little short-term impact on market rates. Nevertheless, trade flows are an important factor in the long-term direction of a currency's exchange rate.
Some multinational corporations MNCs can have an unpredictable impact when very large positions are covered due to exposures that are not widely known by other market participants. National central banks play an important role in the foreign exchange markets. They can use their often substantial foreign exchange reserves to stabilize the market. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of central bank "stabilizing speculation" is doubtful because central banks do not go bankrupt if they make large losses as other traders would.
There is also no convincing evidence that they actually make a profit from trading. Foreign exchange fixing is the daily monetary exchange rate fixed by the national bank of each country. The idea is that central banks use the fixing time and exchange rate to evaluate the behavior of their currency. Fixing exchange rates reflect the real value of equilibrium in the market. Banks, dealers, and traders use fixing rates as a market trend indicator. The mere expectation or rumor of a central bank foreign exchange intervention might be enough to stabilize the currency.
However, aggressive intervention might be used several times each year in countries with a dirty float currency regime. Central banks do not always achieve their objectives. The combined resources of the market can easily overwhelm any central bank. Investment management firms who typically manage large accounts on behalf of customers such as pension funds and endowments use the foreign exchange market to facilitate transactions in foreign securities.
For example, an investment manager bearing an international equity portfolio needs to purchase and sell several pairs of foreign currencies to pay for foreign securities purchases. Some investment management firms also have more speculative specialist currency overlay operations, which manage clients' currency exposures with the aim of generating profits as well as limiting risk. While the number of this type of specialist firms is quite small, many have a large value of assets under management and can, therefore, generate large trades.
Individual retail speculative traders constitute a growing segment of this market. Currently, they participate indirectly through brokers or banks. Retail brokers, while largely controlled and regulated in the US by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission and National Futures Association , have previously been subjected to periodic foreign exchange fraud. Those NFA members that would traditionally be subject to minimum net capital requirements, FCMs and IBs, are subject to greater minimum net capital requirements if they deal in Forex.
A number of the foreign exchange brokers operate from the UK under Financial Services Authority regulations where foreign exchange trading using margin is part of the wider over-the-counter derivatives trading industry that includes contracts for difference and financial spread betting.
There are two main types of retail FX brokers offering the opportunity for speculative currency trading: brokers and dealers or market makers. Brokers serve as an agent of the customer in the broader FX market, by seeking the best price in the market for a retail order and dealing on behalf of the retail customer. They charge a commission or "mark-up" in addition to the price obtained in the market. Dealers or market makers , by contrast, typically act as principals in the transaction versus the retail customer, and quote a price they are willing to deal at.
Non-bank foreign exchange companies offer currency exchange and international payments to private individuals and companies. These are also known as "foreign exchange brokers" but are distinct in that they do not offer speculative trading but rather currency exchange with payments i.
These are typically located at airports and stations or at tourist locations and allow physical notes to be exchanged from one currency to another. They access foreign exchange markets via banks or non-bank foreign exchange companies. There is no unified or centrally cleared market for the majority of trades, and there is very little cross-border regulation. Due to the over-the-counter OTC nature of currency markets, there are rather a number of interconnected marketplaces, where different currencies instruments are traded.
This implies that there is not a single exchange rate but rather a number of different rates prices , depending on what bank or market maker is trading, and where it is. In practice, the rates are quite close due to arbitrage. Due to London's dominance in the market, a particular currency's quoted price is usually the London market price. A joint venture of the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and Reuters , called Fxmarketspace opened in and aspired but failed to the role of a central market clearing mechanism.
Banks throughout the world participate. Currency trading happens continuously throughout the day; as the Asian trading session ends, the European session begins, followed by the North American session and then back to the Asian session. Fluctuations in exchange rates are usually caused by actual monetary flows as well as by expectations of changes in monetary flows.
Major news is released publicly, often on scheduled dates, so many people have access to the same news at the same time. However, large banks have an important advantage; they can see their customers' order flow. Currencies are traded against one another in pairs. The first currency XXX is the base currency that is quoted relative to the second currency YYY , called the counter currency or quote currency.
The market convention is to quote most exchange rates against the USD with the US dollar as the base currency e. On the spot market, according to the Triennial Survey, the most heavily traded bilateral currency pairs were:. The U. Trading in the euro has grown considerably since the currency's creation in January , and how long the foreign exchange market will remain dollar-centered is open to debate.
In a fixed exchange rate regime, exchange rates are decided by the government, while a number of theories have been proposed to explain and predict the fluctuations in exchange rates in a floating exchange rate regime, including:. None of the models developed so far succeed to explain exchange rates and volatility in the longer time frames.
For shorter time frames less than a few days , algorithms can be devised to predict prices. It is understood from the above models that many macroeconomic factors affect the exchange rates and in the end currency prices are a result of dual forces of supply and demand.
The world's currency markets can be viewed as a huge melting pot: in a large and ever-changing mix of current events, supply and demand factors are constantly shifting, and the price of one currency in relation to another shifts accordingly. No other market encompasses and distills as much of what is going on in the world at any given time as foreign exchange.
Supply and demand for any given currency, and thus its value, are not influenced by any single element, but rather by several. These elements generally fall into three categories: economic factors, political conditions and market psychology. Economic factors include: a economic policy, disseminated by government agencies and central banks, b economic conditions, generally revealed through economic reports, and other economic indicators.
Internal, regional, and international political conditions and events can have a profound effect on currency markets. All exchange rates are susceptible to political instability and anticipations about the new ruling party. Political upheaval and instability can have a negative impact on a nation's economy. For example, destabilization of coalition governments in Pakistan and Thailand can negatively affect the value of their currencies. Similarly, in a country experiencing financial difficulties, the rise of a political faction that is perceived to be fiscally responsible can have the opposite effect.
Market psychology and trader perceptions influence the foreign exchange market in a variety of ways:. A spot transaction is a two-day delivery transaction except in the case of trades between the US dollar, Canadian dollar, Turkish lira, euro and Russian ruble, which settle the next business day , as opposed to the futures contracts , which are usually three months. Spot trading is one of the most common types of forex trading. Often, a forex broker will charge a small fee to the client to roll-over the expiring transaction into a new identical transaction for a continuation of the trade.
This roll-over fee is known as the "swap" fee. One way to deal with the foreign exchange risk is to engage in a forward transaction. In this transaction, money does not actually change hands until some agreed upon future date. A buyer and seller agree on an exchange rate for any date in the future, and the transaction occurs on that date, regardless of what the market rates are then.
The duration of the trade can be one day, a few days, months or years. Usually the date is decided by both parties. Then the forward contract is negotiated and agreed upon by both parties. NDFs are popular for currencies with restrictions such as the Argentinian peso. In fact, a forex hedger can only hedge such risks with NDFs, as currencies such as the Argentinian peso cannot be traded on open markets like major currencies. The most common type of forward transaction is the foreign exchange swap.
In a swap, two parties exchange currencies for a certain length of time and agree to reverse the transaction at a later date. These are not standardized contracts and are not traded through an exchange. A deposit is often required in order to hold the position open until the transaction is completed. Futures are standardized forward contracts and are usually traded on an exchange created for this purpose. The average contract length is roughly 3 months. Futures contracts are usually inclusive of any interest amounts.
Currency futures contracts are contracts specifying a standard volume of a particular currency to be exchanged on a specific settlement date. Thus the currency futures contracts are similar to forward contracts in terms of their obligation, but differ from forward contracts in the way they are traded.
In addition, Futures are daily settled removing credit risk that exist in Forwards. In addition they are traded by speculators who hope to capitalize on their expectations of exchange rate movements. A foreign exchange option commonly shortened to just FX option is a derivative where the owner has the right but not the obligation to exchange money denominated in one currency into another currency at a pre-agreed exchange rate on a specified date. The FX options market is the deepest, largest and most liquid market for options of any kind in the world.
Controversy about currency speculators and their effect on currency devaluations and national economies recurs regularly. Economists, such as Milton Friedman , have argued that speculators ultimately are a stabilizing influence on the market, and that stabilizing speculation performs the important function of providing a market for hedgers and transferring risk from those people who don't wish to bear it, to those who do. Large hedge funds and other well capitalized "position traders" are the main professional speculators.
According to some economists, individual traders could act as " noise traders " and have a more destabilizing role than larger and better informed actors. Currency speculation is considered a highly suspect activity in many countries.
He blamed the devaluation of the Malaysian ringgit in on George Soros and other speculators. Gregory Millman reports on an opposing view, comparing speculators to "vigilantes" who simply help "enforce" international agreements and anticipate the effects of basic economic "laws" in order to profit. A relatively quick collapse might even be preferable to continued economic mishandling, followed by an eventual, larger, collapse.
Mahathir Mohamad and other critics of speculation are viewed as trying to deflect the blame from themselves for having caused the unsustainable economic conditions. Risk aversion is a kind of trading behavior exhibited by the foreign exchange market when a potentially adverse event happens that may affect market conditions. This behavior is caused when risk averse traders liquidate their positions in risky assets and shift the funds to less risky assets due to uncertainty. In the context of the foreign exchange market, traders liquidate their positions in various currencies to take up positions in safe-haven currencies, such as the US dollar.
An example would be the financial crisis of The value of equities across the world fell while the US dollar strengthened see Fig. This happened despite the strong focus of the crisis in the US. Currency carry trade refers to the act of borrowing one currency that has a low interest rate in order to purchase another with a higher interest rate. A large difference in rates can be highly profitable for the trader, especially if high leverage is used.
However, with all levered investments this is a double edged sword, and large exchange rate price fluctuations can suddenly swing trades into huge losses. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Global decentralized trading of international currencies.
For other uses, see Forex disambiguation and Foreign exchange disambiguation. See also: Forex scandal. Main article: Retail foreign exchange trading. Main article: Exchange rate. Derivatives Credit derivative Futures exchange Hybrid security.
Foreign exchange Currency Exchange rate. Forwards Options. Spot market Swaps. Main article: Foreign exchange spot. See also: Forward contract. See also: Non-deliverable forward.


text:
The amateur marriage
Tyler, Anne, 1941-2004
Books, Manuscripts
Michael and Pauline seemed like the perfect couple - young, good-looking, made for each other. The moment she walked into his mother's grocery store in Baltimore, he was smitten. And in the heat of World War 2 fervour, they were hastily wed. Anne Tyler captures the nuances of everyday life in this text.
The amateur marriage / Anne Tyler.
London : Vintage, 2004.
306 p. ; 20 cm.
Originally published: London: Chatto & Windus.
9780099469599 (pbk)
The amateur marriage [electronic resource]


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About David Russell
David Russell is part of the team at Harcourts Burnie located at 44-46 Bass Hwy, Cooee TAS 7320, and has sold 6 properties in the last 12 months, and currently has 15 listings for sale.
You can view David's listings for sale below as well as any properties sold the last 12 months.
For all your local property needs in this area, get in touch with David.


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Report: 43 abortion centers in 11 states have stopped killing babies since Roe v. Wade overturned by Calvin Freiburger for Life Site News
Contrary to left-wing arguments, pro-life laws do reduce abortions.
At least 43 abortion facilities in 11 states have stopped committing abortions in the wake of Roe v. Wade's fall a month ago, gutting the longstanding pro-abortion talking point that changing laws does not reduce abortions.
That assessment comes from the pro-abortion Guttmacher Institute, which began lifeas the research arm of Planned Parenthood.
"As of July 24, 30 days after the fall of Roe, 11 states — all in the South and Midwest — had either banned abortion completely (Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, South Dakota and Texas) or implemented a ban on abortion starting at six weeks of pregnancy (Georgia, Ohio, South Carolina and Tennessee)," Guttmacher said.
"Prior to the Supreme Court decision on June 24, these 11 states had a total of 71 clinics that provided abortion care. As of July 24, there were only 28 clinics still offering abortions, all located in the four states with six-week bans," the group continued. "Across these 11 states, the number of clinics offering abortions dropped by 43 in just one month."
A little over one month ago, the U.S. Supreme Court handed down its decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, deciding 6-3 to uphold Mississippi's 15-week abortion ban and 5-4 to overturn Roe, the 1973 precedent that forced all 50 states to allow most abortions.
"Roe's constitutional analysis was far outside the bounds of any reasonable interpretation of the various constitutional provisions to which it vaguely pointed," conservative Justice Samuel Alito wrote in the majority opinion. "It is time to heed the Constitution and return the issue of abortion to the people's elected representatives."
Roe's overturn, which did not ban abortion directly but allowed the issue to be decided once more by the American public via their elected branches of government, sparked the restoration or activation of scores of pro-life laws across the country, including pre-Roe bans that have gone unenforced for almost half a century, more recent measures blocked by lawsuits, and "trigger laws" designed to automatically ban abortions once Roe was gone.
In response, abortion giant Planned Parenthood quickly begun suspending abortionsand/or closing locations, and pro-life attorneys general have declared their intentionsto enforce their states' duly-enacted abortion prohibitions.