text:
Decreased Resistance of Eastern Oysters (Crassostrea virginica) to a Protozoan Pathogen (Perkinsus marinus) After Sublethal Exposure to Tributyltin Oxide
Document Type
Publication Date
Coastal Sciences, Gulf Coast Research Laboratory
Anthropogenic environmental stress is a likely contributor to outbreaks of disease due to immunosuppression or increased host vulnerability. Estuarine organisms are exposed to variable concentrations of marine antifouling agents, such as tributyltin (TBT), with higher exposures existing near ports and marinas. Eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica), inhabiting the northern Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic coast of North America, are susceptible to a protozoan pathogen, Perkinsus marinus, which has devastated oyster populations and depleted oyster fisheries throughout its range. This study examined the effects of exposure to environmental levels of TBT on susceptibility and survival of oysters when subsequently challenged with P. marinus. Oysters were exposed to TBT (0, 30 and 80 ng/L) in Bow-through aquaria for 9 weeks, then moved to static aquaria, where they were challenged with parasites and monitored for an additional 8 weeks for mortality and disease. Results indicated increased infection intensity and oyster mortality in the TBT-exposed treatments relative to unexposed controls. It is hypothesized that TBT exacerbates the infectious disease process and that exposed oysters succumb at lower levels of infection. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd.
Publication Title
Marine Environmental Research
First Page
Last Page
Recommended Citation
Fisher, W.,
Oliver, L.,
Walker, W.,
Manning, C.,
Lytle, T.
(1999). Decreased Resistance of Eastern Oysters (Crassostrea virginica) to a Protozoan Pathogen (Perkinsus marinus) After Sublethal Exposure to Tributyltin Oxide. Marine Environmental Research, 47(2), 185-201.
Available at: https://aquila.usm.edu/fac_pubs/4531


text:
Chicago journalist Ruth Russell reported from revolutionary Ireland in 1919, followed by a year of activism for its independence. This five-part monograph is part of my American Reporting of Irish Independence series. © 2019
On Jan. 27, 1919, a Chicago Daily News editor urged the federal government to expedite a passport for one of his reporters, Ruth Russell. "Because of the news conditions in Ireland at the present time, it is hoped that she may leave as soon as possible," News Editor Henry J. Smith wrote to U.S. Secretary of State Robert Lansing.1
Six days earlier, the separatist Sinn Féin party declared independence from Britain and established a breakaway government in Dublin, a move based on its near sweep of Irish parliamentary seats in the United Kingdom's first election after the Great War. In County Tipperary, 125 miles southwest of the Irish capital, two policemen were killed in an ambush, the first shots of Ireland's latest uprising against centuries of British rule.
In Washington, D.C., Lansing approved Russell's passport, and she was assigned to answer this question: "What's the matter with Ireland?" Russell recalled later, "This was the last injunction a fellow journalist, propagandized into testy impatience with Ireland, gave me before I sailed for that bit of Europe which lies closest to America."2
Nearly a year to the day after Smith's State Department outreach, another letter was written on Russell's behalf. This time the author was Éamon de Valera, president of the provisional Irish republic. Russell interviewed him in March 1919, shortly after her arrival in Dublin.
"I congratulate you on the rapidity with which you succeeded in understanding Irish conditions and grasped the Irish viewpoint," de Valera wrote in the Jan. 29, 1920, letter published as front matter in Russell's new book, What's the matter with Ireland?, based on her 1919 reporting. "I hope we shall have more impartial investigators, such as you, who will take the trouble to see things for themselves first hand, and who will not be imposed upon by half-truths."3
Russell's reporting from Ireland at times was insightful and compassionate, especially her sketches of women, children, and workers living in the shadows of the revolution. It is debatable whether she remained an impartial investigator. Her experiences in Ireland transformed her into a pro-Irish activist. She left the Daily News; joined at least one Washington, D.C., protest against British rule in Ireland; and testified before an American commission exploring conditions in Ireland. Russell's 1919 reporting was soon dated by rapidly evolving events in Ireland, and her activism was fleeting. By 1921, she withdrew from journalism and public attention.
Ruth Marie Russell was born March 24, 1889, in Chicago, the eighth child of Martin J. Russell, a 43-year-old Chicago Times editorial writer, and 39-year-old Cecilia [nee Walsh]. Both parents were the offspring of pre-Great Famine Irish immigrants. The couple lived in Hyde Park, just a few blocks from St. Thomas the Apostle Catholic Church, where their newborn was baptized April 21, 1889.4 A live-in cook and a household "servant" tended the family, which also included Russell's paternal grandmother, 76-year-old Jane Lewis [nee Mulligan].5
"Among my earliest recollections are long twilight hour discussions with my grandmother about early Chicago–she came here in 1835," Russell recalled in a 1931 newspaper interview to promote her novel, Lake Front.6
In the book, about Chicago's first 100 years, the 42-year-old Russell described her hometown in the 1890s of her youth: "It was an ugly city. Its lines were hard and sharp. Its color, smoke. Its air, gritty. Its noises, strident. Its smell, salt with the blood of slaughterhouses. Its people, pale and hurried."7
Chicago's 1893 World's Columbian Exposition, developed near Russell's Hyde Park neighborhood, included an Irish Village with a recreation of the Blarney Castle and white-washed, thatched-roof cottages. An organizer of the exhibit wrote that it would be a great mistake "if any who boast of Irish blood in their veins do not resort thither with their children in order to call to mind the stories told by parents of the scenes of their childhood, or muse over bygone days which they themselves can recall in the dear old home."8
During this period, Chicago's 16 percent Irish-born population9 read newspaper stories about the murder of Dr. Patrick Henry Cronin, a member of the city's Irish nationalist underground, and the divorce case downfall of Charles Stewart Parnell, Ireland's "uncrowned king." Irish immigrant Margaret F. Sullivan, who worked with Russell's father at the Chicago Herald, wrote a popular book about the agrarian agitation in her native country.10
In June 1900, when Russell was 11, her popular father died of kidney disease at age 54. "All the newspaper reading public recognized Mr. Russell as an editorial writer of learning, caliber, force, and judgement," the Chicago Tribune quoted one of his friends.11 At St. Thomas the Apostle Church, the Rev. Daniel Riordan described the deceased as "a conspicuous example of scrupulous integrity."12
Russell attended nearby St. Xavier Academy, a Catholic girls school. Upon graduation in 1906, she enrolled at Chicago Normal College and for the next two years prepared for a teaching career.13 In September 1909, Russell matriculated into the University of Chicago, and she graduated four years later with a Bachelor of Philosophy degree.14 In June 1914, she sailed to France to study in Grenoble, but hurried home with the outbreak of the Great War.15
It appears Russell helped manage the St. Mary's Campfire Girls program on Chicago's south side.16 By October 1917, she "decided to enter the family field" and followed her late father and an older brother, James Russell, into the newspaper business.17
She began working as a reporter at the Daily News.
At the time of Russell's newspaper debut, fast-growing Chicago was the second-largest city in America and "home to some of the most influential and dynamic journalists, editors, and newspaper owners in the United States."18 Investigative efforts and literary styles flourished in the city's newsrooms. Carl Sandburg joined the Daily News staff the same year as Russell and would bolster his reputation through coverage of Chicago's 1919 race riots and profiles of the city's African-American population.19 Russell was hired as a "special writer"20, typically an ad hoc or freelance arrangement that was one of the best ways for women to enter the newsroom.21
For two weeks in 1918, the 5-foot, 9-inch reporter22 hauled heavy steel tools to shell turners inside a Chicago munitions factory for an undercover series about women in war work. She profiled the manual laborers, including "a big woman whose straggly blond hair was stuck to the side of her wide, flat face with perspiration" as she pushed a 200-pound load. The reporter strained and "blushed at my little loads." Russell estimated that she "walked about four miles, trucked approximately 900 pounds of steel, shouldered less heavy tools and earned $2 in an eight-hour night." At the end of the shift, "I threw myself on a restroom cot."23
In addition to such domestic coverage, the Daily News aggressively pursued foreign news. Publisher Victor F. Lawson established bureaus in London, Paris, and Berlin "on the best sites in town, with big signs, to lure in Chicago tourists," foreign correspondent Paul Scott Mowrer recalled.24 But Lawson was interested in more than good publicity. In the paper's handbook for foreign correspondents, he wrote:
The key words of the service are significance and interpretation. Generally speaking, we aim to chronicle only what is significant, and we aim to show the significance of everything we chronicle … how and why it happened, and what it means. We have therefore to be clearer, more analytical, more thorough, less superficial, more cautious and generally more accurate, and perhaps more conscientious than our competitors.25
Lawson advised his correspondents to stay close to the native people, report on their styles and customs, fads and fancies, including business, education, science, religion, art, sports, and social problems. As the United States entered the Great War, his reporters fanned across Europe, including poetess Eunice Tietjens, sent to cover the conflict "from a woman's perspective."26
More than three dozen female journalists filed dispatches from the war in Europe for U.S. newspapers and magazines; more than doubling the number of women foreign correspondents since the Mexican-American War of the mid-19th century.27 Russell joined this still-small and under-appreciated sorority soon after the armistice.
The revolution erupting in Ireland was a story of particular interest to Chicago readers.
NEXT: Russell's reporting from Ireland.
- Henry J. Smith to Robert Lansing, Jan. 27, 1919, in Ruth Russell's passport application. National Archives and Records Administration (NARA); Washington D.C.; Roll #: 699; Volume #: Roll 0699 – Certificates: 63000–63249, Accessed via Ancestry.com. U.S. Passport Applications, 1795–1925.
- Ruth Russell, What's the matter with Ireland? (New York: Devin-Adain, 1920), 13. Russell does not name the "fellow journalist."
- Ibid., 9–10.
- Hyde Park, Illinois, City Directory, 1889, accessed via Ancestry.com, U.S. City Directories, 1822–1995; 1900 U.S. Federal Census: Chicago Ward 32, Cook, Illinois, 12; Enumeration District: 1035; FHL microfilm: 1240287; accessed via Ancestry.com; Baptismal record with address and mother's maiden name accessed accessed via FindMyPast.com; and "New map of Chicago showing location of schools, streetcar lines in colors and street numbers in even hundreds," Rufus Blanchard, 1897, accessed via The University of Chicago Map Collection.
- 1900 U.S. Federal Census, and Note 6.
- "Chicago's First One Hundred Years Penned and Illustrated by Ruth Russell and Ruth Kellogg," Hyde Park Herald , Sept. 18, 1931.
- Ruth Russell, Lake Front (Thomas S. Rockwell: Chicago, 1931), 280.
- Ishbel Maria Hamilton-Gordon ("Lady Aberdeen"), "Ireland at the World's Fair," North American Review, July 1893, 20.
- Michael F. Funchion, Chicago Irish Nationalists (Arno Press: New York, 1976) 9, citing 1890 U.S. Census.
- Sullivan and Russell's father from "Irish in Chicago" Illinois Catholic Historical Review, July 1920. 152. Margaret Sullivan, Ireland of to-day: the causes and aims of Irish agitation (J.C. McCurdy & Co.: Chicago, 1881).
- "Martin J. Russell Dead," Chicago Tribune, June 26, 1900.
- Ibid. "Burial of Martin J. Russell", June 28, 1900.
- Ruth Russell's Chicago Public Schools (CPS) employment record obtained via author's Freedom of Information Act request, received March 20, 2019. CPS redacted large portions of the record. Author appealed to the Public Access Counselor, Illinois Office of Attorney General, for review and prevailed in having the full record released.
- Ruth Russell's University of Chicago transcript obtained from Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library. Received April 10, 2019.
- "Certificate of Registration of American Citizen" letter dated Sept. 1, 1914, shows Russell left Chicago on June 28, 1914, and arrived at Grenoble, France, on July 16, 1914. "Ellis Island and Other New York Passenger Lists, 1820–1957" shows Russell left France Aug. 22, 1914, and arrived in New York on Aug. 30, 1914. Both via MyHerage.com.
- Deborah Ann Skok, "Catholic Ladies Bountiful: Chicago's Catholic Settlement Houses and Day Nurseries, 1892–1930, Vol. 1," University of Chicago doctoral dissertation, August 2001, 441. In this paper, "Ruth Russell" is described as a downtown office clerk, but she there is no birth date, address, or other identification to confirm she is the subject of this paper.
- "Staff Changes" , The Fourth Estate, Oct. 6, 1917, 29.
- Gillian O'Brien, "Patriotism, professionalism and the press: the Chicago press and Irish journalists, 1875–1900," Irish Journalism Before Independence: More a Disease Than A Profession, ed. Kevin Rafter (Manchester University Press: New York, 2011), 123.
- Field Enterprise Records, 1858–2007; Chicago Daily News, 1882–2007; Administrations and Operations, 1891–1978, Box 6, Folder 76: Herman Kogan, "Literary Tradition," Centennial Insight (Newberry Library: Chicago, 1976).
- "Purely Personal" Fourth Estate, Nov. 23, 1918, 13.
- Carolyn M. Edy, The Woman War Correspondent, The U.S. Military, and The Press 1846-1947 (Lexington Books: New York, 2017), 17-18, citing Edwin Llewellyn Shuman, Steps Into Journalism: Helps and Hints for Young Writers (Evanston Press Co.: Evanston, Ill., 1894.) 149.
- Height: From Jan. 27, 1919, U.S. passport application. See Note 1. Assignment: "Purely Personal" Fourth Estate, Nov. 23, 1918, 13.
- "Women's Task Too Heavy. Experience in Chicago Munitions Factory Recorded.", Morning Oregonian, Jan. 2, 1919.
- Field Enterprise Records, Box 34, Folder 424, Lou Pryor correspondence with Paul Scott Mowrer, 1964.
- Ibid., Folder 424, Lou Pryor foreign service research.
- Ibid., Folder 74, Foreign correspondents.
- Edy, The Woman War Correspondent, Appendix 1, "American Women War Correspondents through World War I" lists 73 journalists; 44 during WWI, including Tietjens. Russell is not listed.

subset: commoncrawl


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When you enter my breezeway, the wooden beam welcomes you with a painted eagle hovering above the open pages of a book. Bold Latin words proclaim: "Verba locuta volant, litera scripta manet". Translated, it means: "Spoken words are fleeting, the written word remains."
I don't know the author of the phrase, his name is long lost to history, but I've taken it as my credo and the reason I am so adamant about keeping the work of Joseph R. Scogna Jr. in print.
Joe lectured and taught a great deal; he was eager to share his philosophy. It seemed he had years ahead of him, plenty of time for recording seminars. We could always record and film later. Who could have imagined an early demise for this energetic young man?
So it is through his own words published in books and courses that Joe continues to reach out to a new generation of students in such fields as holistic evaluations and solutions, energetic healing, homeopathy, elementology, acupuncture, electronic pollution, nutrition, emotional release work, etc. Even today, people are amazed at how far ahead of his time Joe was; how far ahead of us he still is!
Following the Latin phrase on my breezeway beam are the names of the countries where Joe's books are being read: Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Cyprus, England, France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, India, Israel, Japan, Mexico, The Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, and Turkey. And now I have another country to add to the list: Finland.
Wow! 24 countries.
Joe would be pleased!
SAF = Holistic Evaluations; Holistic Solutions.


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Me? In a CULT?!?!?
Never woulda pegged myself as a cultist…
But that's what the mainstream is calling me -- just for opposing statins, because they can cause memory problems and muscle pain.
Agree with me? Welcome to the cult!
A new report on the MedPage Today website for medical professionals claims we're engaged in "fear-mongering."
Now, WHERE could we have possibly come up with such a kooky idea?
Oh wait – there it is, right on the FDA's website! (Feel free to look it up; cult membership optional.)
Whether you're in the cult or not, let me give you what they won't…
And that's a much better way to handle cholesterol.
What REALLY happens when your cholesterol levels drop
The MedPage Today report claims there is "no evidence" of a link between statins and memory loss.
That flies in the face of not only the FDA website…
But also what doctors see ALL THE TIME when panicked patients call in after starting on the drugs, terrified by the frightening mental lapses.
And it flies in the face of SCIENCE, too.
A massive study in 2015… that involved combing through 11 MILLION medical records… found there absolutely IS a link between statins and memory loss.
In fact, folks who start on cholesterol drugs are 4X more likely to report memory loss compared to folks who don't.
All this name-calling is just a distraction, anyway.
The memory stuff is hardly the WORST of the side effects of these drugs, which have also been linked to:
- diabetes
- muscle pain
- CoQ10 deficiency
- sex problems
- …and MORE
And even THAT'S not the worst of it. Because let's face it, the biggest issue here is…
Statins DON'T work!
I mean, sure they "work" in that they cut cholesterol. But they DON'T deliver the longer, better, healthier life you've been promised.
In fact, most people who have heart attacks DON'T have high cholesterol. They have NORMAL cholesterol.
Studies even show that people with low-cholesterol diets have a HIGHER risk of death.
And that, my friend, is why I don't obsess over cholesterol levels.
But if you DO need help bringing your LDL and triglycerides down, you've got much better ways to get control -- WITHOUT having to deal with the mind-melting side effects.
Some of my faves include:
- red yeast rice
- niacin
- policosanol, and
- fish oil.
And remember: Cholesterol in the diet doesn't necessarily become high levels of cholesterol in the blood.
So, don't shy away from your favorite foods, such as eggs and cheese.
In Your Corner,
Dr. Allan Spreen


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As a lazy Sunday offering, a selection of entries from Denys Parsons' entertaining book It Must Be True: Classic Newspaper Howlers, Bloomers, and Misprints.
They're not referenced in detail, unfortunately, but I'm willing to believe they're all genuine instances of accidental ambiguity. Some can be found elsewhere online.
- After using your ointment my face started to clear up at once, and after using two jars it was gone altogether. (Ad in Bristol paper)
- Dyke stated in his complaint that the defendant owned a large dog that walked the floor most of the night, held noisy midnight parties, and played the radio so that sleep was impossible. (Australian paper)
- Wrap poison bottles in sandpaper and fasten with scotch tape or a rubber band. If there are children in the house, lock them in a small metal box. (Philadelphia Record)
- Its lone peal summons the faithful to worship while the others are dismantled and repaired. (Bucks Advertiser)
- Mrs. Oscar Maddox is able to be up after being confined to bed for several weeks with malaria fever, to the delight of her friends. (Thomasville (Georgia) Times-Enterprise)
- The Nilotic race is remarkable for the disproportionately long legs of its men and women. They extend on the eastern side of the Nile right down into the Ugandan Protectorate. (From a book by Sir Harry H. Johnston)
- …and a few moments after the Countess had broken the traditional bottle of champagne on the bows of the noble ship, she slid slowly and gracefully down the slipway, entering the water with scarcely a splash. (Essex paper)
- LOST Antique cameo ring, depicting Adam and Eve in Market Square Saturday night. (Ad in Essex paper)
- The thing that first caught my eye was a large silver cup that Charles had won for skating on the mantelpiece. (short story)
- The native inhabitants produce all manner of curios, the great majority of which appear to command a ready sale among the visitors, crude and commonplace as they frequently are. (Bulawayo Chronicle)
- When the baby is done drinking it must be unscrewed and laid in a cool place under a tap. If the baby does not thrive on fresh milk it should be boiled. (Women's magazine)
- Discovered at 5.06 a.m. the flames starting on the third floor of the Midwest Salvage Co., spread so rapidly that the first firemen on the scene were driven back to safety and leaped across three streets to ignite other buildings. (Cincinnati Times Star)
- Princess B__ wore a white and gold lace gown which she'd saved for the occasion. To give you an idea how elaborate it was, the centre-piece was a mirror 13½ feet long with elaborate matching candelabra of fruit-baskets. (Los Angeles Mirror)
- From Llandrindod you proceed along the lovely valley of the Ithon, growing more beautiful as you proceed. (Motor Cycle)
Many of these ambiguities are anaphoric. Anaphora is something everyone's familiar with, though they mightn't know the term. It's the use of a word or phrase to substitute for an earlier element – the antecedent.
So in #1's it was gone altogether, it is an anaphor referring back to an unidentified blemish, but technically it could also refer to my face, hence the ambiguity. Here, the absurdist interpretation comes more naturally.
In A Dictionary of Linguistics and Phonetics, David Crystal says anaphoric reference is a way of "marking the identity between what is being expressed and what has already been expressed". See the lyrics of Christine Collins's 'Linguistics Love Song' for a play on it. Cataphora is similar but involves forward reference, e.g., Consider the following.
Grammatical jargon aside, which is your favourite ambiguity here, or do you remember other examples?


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I was born and raised in the eastern Missouri Ozarks -- my folks grew up on adjoining farms, and our family roots go deep in Madison, Iron, and Reynolds counties.
I went to college at the University of Missouri. After a few years as a newspaper reporter, I returned to school and then got into the higher education biz, with teaching stints at Centenary College of Louisiana, Drury College (now "university"), Culver-Stockton College, and Western Kentucky University.
I'm an avid canoer, rafter, and kayaker on Missouri's float streams.....a longtime member, friend, and supporter of the Quincy, Illinois, Unitarian Church.....a fan of the St. Louis Cardinals.....a hiker (ok, make that walker).....a former president and board member of the Missouri Writers' Guild. I find pennies on the sidewalk more frequently than anyone I know.
Roaring River Spring
Photo by Jeff Weese, uploaded to Wikimedia Commons


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In a recent discussion on my talk show, a listener asked the featured cancer hematologist: "When my daughter was diagnosed with leukemia, I was given absolutely no advice on nutrition. I did a lot of research on the internet, got information through word of mouth, but nothing from the doctors. When nutrition plays such an imperative role in fighting cancer, why does it remain so ignored?"
This is the question most cancer patients and their families would love to know the answer to. Yes, there is a lot of conflicting information out there, but it is important to be able to find authentic and useful. Just a simple search on open source databases like PubMed (which I did, post the show) throws up more than 30,000 studies linking nutrition to cancer.
It is important to note that in their hectic schedule of saving lives, doctors may not have the time to look into the nutrition of individual patients. This is left to the nutritionist on call, caregivers and families, network connections, associated support groups and forums.
Eating well can be a challenge when you have cancer. Some people find that their eating habits change only slightly, while others find that eating well is really hard. Many people are somewhere in-between. How your eating is affected will depend on the type of cancer and the treatment you receive.
Here are some tried and tested recommendations.
- Eat apples, basil and cranberries. They contain ursolic acid that acts synergistically with your anti-cancer therapy.
- Increase consumption of cruciferous vegetables. They are rich in sulfur, which has anti-cancer compounds.
- Include papaya and pomegranate in your diet.
- Add turmeric and pepper to your list of spices.
- Try to use whole grains for wheat, rice, and pasta (they smoothen spikes in blood glucose.)
- Savor cooked and stewed tomatoes.
▲ Excessively toasted bread and baked goods (they contain acrylamide, a potent carcinogen).
▲ Highly processed food, MSG and artificial coloring.
▲ Artificial sweeteners such as aspartame.
From the doctors' desk
Among the many discussions I have had, the most relevant ones were with Donald Abrams, chief of haematology and oncology, San Francisco General Hospital and Colin Campbell, of The China Study fame.
While Dr Campbell advocates a low-protein diet, Dr. Abrams makes quite a few interesting observations. He says most people cannot properly digest milk and cheese as most of us are lactose intolerant; we just don't know it. However, butter and yogurt are okay. Though dairy is the most potent source of calcium, he advises patients to get their calcium from green leafy vegetables and tofu. And, to ensure optimal calcium absorption, vitamin D supplementation is important, he says.
Whole soya food is highly recommended. This should include soyabeans, soyamilk and tofu.
Patients are cautioned not to take highly concentrated antioxidant supplements. Whenever the two oxygen molecules separate, they become free radicals, called reactive oxygen species, which knock into our DNA, leading to aging or cancer. Antioxidants take those free radicals out of circulation so they don't do any damage. Now, it turns out that radiation therapy and some chemotherapy drugs work by creating free radicals of oxygen to do damage to the cancer cell's DNA. There is a concern that taking antioxidant supplements may actually diminish the effectiveness of the radiation and chemotherapy.
Campbell agrees with the controversial school of thought linking sugar consumption to malignant tumor growth. Eating food high in sugar leads to steep blood-sugar spikes. He said that this stresses your body and causes it to secrete large amounts of insulin and insulin-like growth factor, both of which promote inflammation and cause cancer cells to divide.
He also recommends regular consumption of mushrooms, specifically recommends medicinal mushrooms like shiitake, reishi, cordyceps, maitake, turkey tail and oyster mushrooms.
Eating to starve cancer
Using nutrition to defeat cancer is not a new idea. Dr. William Li, head of Angiogenesis Foundation, a nonprofit group that is re-conceptualizing global disease fighting, talks about the concept of anti-angiogenesis, or preventing the growth of blood vessels that feed a tumor.
Angiogenesis is the formation of new blood vessels and this is critical for the growth and spread of cancer. Blood supply is necessary for all tumors to grow beyond a few millimeters. So, the body's ability to balance angiogenesis prevents blood vessels from feeding cancers. Many food items contain natural cancer-starving molecules that prevent tumors from acquiring blood vessels. These include fruits, herbs, and spices. Cheese is another potent weapon. Hard cheeses like Gouda and Edam contain vitamin K2, which kills cancer cells directly.
Also Read: Right food for you to increase memory
Overall, cancer rates are lower in India than in the west. Studies point to factors like our level of spice consumption (spices are the most antioxidant-packed class of food), relatively low intake of meat, consumption of pulses, high intake of fresh fruits and vegetables and mostly a plant-based diet.
So, what difference do such dietary changes make? We don't know. But, each of the above recommendations is based on research results from the cancer community. The suggestion is that following these recommendations, even to make incremental changes, might have some advantages in our effort to live well with cancer.


text:
Jay Leno Reveals Britney/Justin Video Contents
Jay Leno joked during his monologue on Friday, "Britney Spears and Justin Timberlake's vacation home was broken into. Thieves made off with $5,000 in possessions. The good news is police caught the thieves, but among the items stolen — a home video with 'personal' footage on it. Well, since Britney claims to be a virgin, it's just two hours of her going, 'No, I said no. No.'"


text:
New documents detail George Zimmerman's interactions with neighbors
FBI documents detailing George Zimmerman's interactions with his neighbors at his gated community were released Tuesday.
The documents were released one day after Zimmerman's legal team released a color photo showing his injuries.
Several witnesses who were interviewed told federal agents that Zimmerman showed no racial bias.
The documents show Zimmerman befriended a former police officer who shot a young black man in the back after the man fired at him. The man told FBI investigators that Zimmerman mentioned witnessing black males breaking into a neighbor's home.
But overall, he said he and Zimmerman did not discuss racial issues.
The documents also contain interviews with Sanford police officers, including the sergeant who took his statement, and a city employee.
According to the documents, Zimmerman complained that the sergeant who took his statement was a narcotics officer, and she tried to guide his statement.
Zimmerman is charged with second-degree murder in the killing of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin on Feb. 26.


text:
The ultimate Jil Sander show is so rigorously disciplined, and so precisely executed, that it can sometimes feel as if youve just come out of a lecture on trigonometry. So single-minded is her view the purist of the pure, most minimal of all minimalists she is utterly unswerving in her vision. As she put it in her show notes: High-carat femininity, graceful and incorruptible Controlled emotion in dresses and skirts Vigorously articulated tailoring.
So how would this vintage Jil Sander collection play in a season that has so far embraced as its main trends maximalism and punk? Some will adore it, buy it and wear it to death; others just wont be feeling it.
For the adorers then, every piece was a master class in pure execution: the coats, in particular, were sublime - hitting mid-calf, in strict lines of navy, slate and sky blue. Some were cinched with a wide velvet belt, others featured the occasional strip of saffron or sky blue.
Sanders new skirts also hit below the knee with a Y seam at the back to allow the hemline to dip down and add gentle volume; these were the picture of modern elegance. As were the bonded leather skirts that fell in precise wide pleats and were worn with abstract-striped printed cashmere polonecks.
There were punches of tangerine and soft yellow, and flashes of shine in Argentinian beaver, glossy pony skin or the occasional golden stripe, peaking out from the lapel of a dark coat or featuring more boldly across the chest of the final strapless dress.
Most amazing, everyone seemed to agree, were the pea-coats and jackets that just had that slightly oversized, very now, proportion. And the footwear: this season Sander offered three styles: a pointy court shoe, a boot with elevated, chunkified heels that buckled at the front and a flat pointy bootie, its soles sometimes rimmed in red perfect for the punk trend, come to think of it.
Maximalists need not apply.


text:
Here is a list of resources that may be of benefit to you in your homeschooling endeavor! If you come across a homeschool resource that has been helpful to you, please email firstname.lastname@example.com with the web address and we'll add it to the list!
If you are new to homeschooling, the following sites may be helpful. Even if you are a veteran, these sites have lots of great ideas:
If you have questions concerning Minnesota state law as it concerns homeschooling, check out these sites:
©Willmar Area Scholars at Home
Web Site by Dennis Benson


text: Politics Barack and Michelle Obama Throw Their Hands in the Air and Dance at Beyoncé and JAY-Z's Concert By Nick Maslow Nick Maslow Instagram Twitter Senior News Editor, PEOPLE People Editorial Guidelines Published on July 29, 2018 07:12 PM Share Tweet Pin Email The Obamas brought even more entertainment to Beyoncé and JAY-Z's concert on Saturday night. At the latest On the Run II tour stop in Landover, Maryland, Barack and Michelle Obama got out of their seats — and then some. Video captured by fan Anna Bailey shows the former president, 56, and first lady, 54, throwing their hands in the air while dancing along. Due to all the noise at the venue, it's hard to tell just which Bey or JAY tune was playing. The viral moment marks the second time Mrs. Obama has been seen jamming to music from the Carters this summer. In mid-July, fan video showed her with Beyoncé's mother, Tina Knowles Lawson. Mrs. Obama swayed and clapped as JAY-Z, 48, performed at the On the Run II tour stop in Paris. John Stillwell - WPA Pool/Getty Images; Jason LaVeris/FilmMagic The Obamas and Carters have a rich history stretching back to Mr. Obama's first term as president. In 2008, Beyoncé performed "At Last" during then-President Obama's first inauguration, and she went on to collaborate with Mrs. Obama on her "Let's Move" campaign combatting childhood obesity. The then-first lady later returned the favor by appearing onstage during Beyoncé's performance at the Global Citizen Festival in 2015. Michelle Obama Launches Voter Registration Campaign with Tom Hanks and Lin-Manuel Miranda JIM YOUNG/AFP/Getty It's not just the ladies who have a tight bond. "I like to think Mr. Carter and I understand each other," Mr. Obama said at JAY-Z's induction into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in June 2017. "Nobody who met us when we were younger men would have expected us to be where we are today." RELATED VIDEO: Michelle Obama Talks Life After the White House – and Why Barack Is Mad About Their New Home Brooks Kraft LLC/Corbis via Getty Barack Obama Says Everyone Should Ask These Three Questions Before Choosing a Mate: New Book "We know what it's like not to have a father around," he added. "We know what it's like not to come from much, and to know people who didn't get the same breaks that we did. So we try to prop open the door of opportunity so that it's a little easier for those who come up behind us to succeed as well."


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Chapter 1
Fate can be cruel and twisted, when I yelled at you that day that I never wanted to see your face, I was lying. But I had no chance to say, I tried calling and texting without a word. I cried thinking you hated me and that we were through. You somehow knew I didn't mean it, but it didn't matter one bit. That day when you left tears trailing down your fair freckled cheeks. Your blue eyes swimming in the water of your tears that I caused. You fled, ran out the door and out of my life.
I found out just yesterday, but it feels like much longer, you never made it home that day. You rushed to your car tears spilling down your cheeks, you started to drive away. You got to the highway, you were doing everything right. You stopped on the side of the road, they said, right after a sharp turn. You got out your phone, nobody knows why, you were typing in a number I believe to have been mine. Then round the corner came a car, it to was doing everything right. Then crashed into you not seeing you there, the man rushed to your side to see if you were all right. Your heartbeat was faint, your breathing shallow. You looked to the sky one last time, with a shaky breath said "I love you"
I was laying down crying over our fight thinking you hated me. Then my phone finally rang hope rose in my heart. Then I saw your mothers name in my phones light. Picking it up thinking everything was fine, I heard your mother chocking on her tears and your father repeating "Good bye, good bye" I felt faint when she told me, I fell to my knees. I remembered my words and the look on your face when I said them that day. My numbness just spread and still it lingers.
I remember rushing toward the door and stumbling to my car. Rushing to the hospital not believing their words. You couldn't be dead, not the love of my life, this is all just a joke. I saw you laying there limp and pale and rushed to your side to touch you again. Your coldness chilled my bones and my last bit of hope died as dread sunk in. My hand falling to my side resting on my pocket where my proof of true love lied. The box never opened not even touched. You never knew of it or the love it held deep within. A lovely gold ring with a lovely set jewel, your favorite color and gem. I wished I never spoke a word and never let you leave. If only I gave you that ring before and kissed you passionately. But alas it's to late, tears ran down my face as I cried into your hair. It still smelled like the roses that you cared so deeply about and was soft as fresh fallen snow.
You were buried today, laying in the coffin in your wedding dress. Your mother says you had it ready feeling it was almost time. They sealed you away after I gave you a kiss and placed the ring you never saw on your hand. I cried that day, more than I ever have. Seeing you so frail and small in a wooden box was one more hit to my damaged heart. They sealed you away with Amazing Grace being sung by the churches choir. Your mother in tears your father so broken, they placed you in the ground. I went home that day without making a sound and sat there all broken and small. Your time wasn't up, but yet, it was and that I couldn't bare. Your life so short but pleasant at that, should not have ended so soon.
I don't remember eating, just sitting there staring, at a picture of your lovely face. Wondering why fate could be so cruel and why I could not have said "I love you" that day instead. The last words you heard hurt you more then anything ever has. It hurt me too my dear, but I can't change it and it hurts me more than you. I have to bear the pain of my regrets and mistakes, the longing to tell you what I truly felt when I was with you.
Your time has passed and I feel mine drawing to an end sobbing and starving myself. At least I can be with you my dear, when I'm dead I will be more happy then I ever was here. Being reunited with you is what I long for, to see your fair freckled face and to run my fingers through your luscious hair. To smell your scent and hold you close and more importantly, to never let you go.
Our graves were put next to each others you know, yours on the right and mine on the left. Roses on yours and violets on mine. The grave diggers looked on with saddened faces at how we both came to pass. "So young" they said with great sorrow wishing we could live another day. The man who hit you blames himself, he feels responsible for both of our deaths. He took to drinking to calm his nerves while your parents have been reduced to lonely silence never speaking a word. No more of your warm smiles warming up the house or a nice soothing voice calming everyone down.
Your father visits everyday talking to you and singing you songs. Your mother just cries while recounting all the good times you've had together. Nobody comes to my grave, I guess nobody cares, my family left me and I grew up alone. Such a peaceful spot we lay, on a nice hill with lots of flowers. I should have taken you here on your birthday, how much you would have liked it! I guess I could bring you this year if we still remember each other.
My memory is still strong, so is yours, but the others here have been here too long. All the places I should have taken you, all the things I should have said! They swim around my head all day never just a fleeting thought. I wish for closure, some kind of happiness for me and you. I doubt any will come this soon, I'm scared about my memory fading but also kind of relieved. I don't want to forget about you and all we've done, don't get me wrong. But to forget all my mistakes and to stop thinking about what I should have done differently, I will be able to relax.
It's been many years now, your mother and father are dead. You don't remember me anymore but I still remember you. Not a second has passed where I have not thought of you. It hurts every time I see your confused face. You want to remember me but can't, I should have forgotten, I wish that I did. But these memories still haunt me and it drives me crazy. You look so peaceful, free of worry and doubt, while I sit here staring at our graves alone. Every year that passed I came here to celebrate your birthday with you. But as years passed you showed up less and now never show up at all.
You're starting to fade now, just glimmering air, I can't even touch you but I can still feel you there. Your parents are gone and it's just me and you but you will fade soon and leave me too. I don't know why I am cursed to remember forever and ever. I probably deserve it for all I have done. I stare at our graves everyday now, the flowers are wilting and nobody comes.
I walked by you and saw a man robed in black walking to you. I stopped to look and wished I hadn't. He pulled out a scythe and sliced right through you, you shimmered out of existence as I stood staring. The man walked up and led me away, without realizing tears were running down my face. He stopped at the hill where I spent my days and sat me down in my regular place. He pushed back his hood and there I saw a broken man. Jet black hair and sunken eyes, he stared at me then pulled me tight. He is like me, never forgetting, never fading, stuck with his memories he hoped to forget.
His job was to release the souls when they were ready, to free them from this in-between world. The real happiness awaits them for where they end up, a place where we would never reach. He has wondered through here many times and when he first saw me I caught his eye. He watched me struggle with my love forgetting and my sorrow when it wasn't me leaving. I saw him reach in his bag and pull out a cloak much like his own. I knew then that my fate was sealed. With a heavy heart I pulled on my cloak and pulled my hood up over my head. A scythe appeared by my side. I stood up from my spot knowing my job and sensing a pull to my right. I followed the pull and was greeted by a small shimmering spirit. A small girl no older than 6 died one day long ago. She smiled up at me and in her I saw my love, with a firm grip I held my scythe to the side and swung. Her essence burst into stardust and I knew she was in a better place.
Out of nowhere he came, placing a weak hand on my shoulder, comforting me in the best way he knew, companionship. Minute after minute, hour after hour, day after day, I swung my blade freeing the peaceful souls. How lucky they were to be free with no regrets, while they spend eternity happily I will spend it weighed down by my past life. I never asked the man how long he has been here, even though I have a feeling he knows exactly how long. My darling, how I miss you here with me, but you are in a better place. I can't let myself forget that, the one thought that brings me joy is that you ended up having a better fate than mine.
A little boy who from the looks of it just died ran up to me in shock and fear. He pulled on my robe crying, begging to forget. What horrors he must have faced, I wished I could have freed him then. As months passed I grew fretful for the child, all his memory's have stuck no matter how much he wants to forget. A boy like him couldn't possibly have the same fate as I. When the day came for him to be freed I surprised myself, I was overjoyed. An innocent boy was able to be freed, I had freed many others but he was the one I liked the most.
So many years have passed, both I and the man have aged, we might be immortal but we age until a certain point. My hair is snow white and I have quite a beard, I believe I am 1202 this year. So many souls I have released, this is my fate, it is my job to help the people find happiness. I learned today that once you reach a certain age you are given a choice. I don't know what the choice is yet but maybe I will find out soon.
A teenage girl is now one of us, she cried at first, just like I did. She is sweet and gentle and I have been assigned her mentor until she can free souls alone. The idea saddens her, I can understand why, but it also brings joy. It's just me and the girl now, the man has been given the choice.
Years are flying by and I can't believe how old I am, 1664! My love, how I wish I could see you, that dream will never fade. I no longer regret my life actions, but I do regret not being able to be with you in the final destination. Maybe that is a choice, to go there too, oh how I wish it is. I haven't thought about you much because I'm busy with work but I will never forget you. Now my choice has come, to be free, to live a new life, or to help out as an angel. I am sorry my love, I do want to see you, I do miss you so. But I know what I need to do, after all these many long years I've learned to help people. To truly be happy for what they get even when i was not lucky enough to have it. I feel myself the lucky one for this chance and I am choosing to be an angel. I want to keep helping, so forgive me my love. Bask in the happiness and love you deserve of the final destination and let me help others like others have helped you and many others.
Did you enjoy my story? Please let me know what you think by leaving a review! Thanks, Lavendermoon16Write a Review


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British Big Wave Surfer Tom Butler, 29 years old, rode a spectacular monster wave in Portugal's Nazaré during the recent giant swell of December 14th.
Since arriving at Nazare, Tom Butler and Sebastian Steudtner have been standouts at Portugal's behemoth. Then, on Friday, Mr Butler, from Newquay in the UK, may have just tipped the scale for what's being ridden out there with speculation that it could be the biggest wave of the season and maybe even all-time.
Locals described this wave as the biggest "bomb" of the day in what was the biggest swell of the season.
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Things to do in Cape Coral and Fort Myers: Lita Ford plays Bike Night, plus ska-punk fest, Fozzy, etc.
239 Punk/Ska/Reggae Fest The seventh-annual fest boasts two days of punk, ska and reggae bands, including The Bird-Men, Outside Threat, The No Name Ska Band, Offset Era, Suburban Swamp Kids, Bargain Bin Heroes, Unchecked Aggression, F!, Abortion Twins and more. Starts at 8 p.m. Friday and ends at midnight Saturday. Free. Rack'em Spirits & Times, 1011 S.E. 47th Terrace, downtown Cape Coral. facebook.com/RackemspiritsandTimes
Chris Janson The country singer-songwriter's tunes have been covered by Tim McGraw and more. 9 p.m. $35-$67. The Ranch Concert Hall & Saloon, 2158 Colonial Blvd., Fort Myers. 985-9839 or theranchfortmyers.com
Biscuit Miller and The Mix Blues Music Award-winning blues, funk and soul from Indianapolis. 9 p.m. $5. The Barrel Room, 2214 Bay St., downtown Fort Myers. 333-2225 or barrelroomfortmyers.com
"Brooklyn Boys Revue" This locally created revue debuted in 2015 at the theater, and now it's back again with more classic pop, rock and R&B tunes such as "Pretty Woman," "Tears on My Pillow," "Under the Boardwalk," "Teenager in Love," "My Girl" and "Mony, Mony." The show revolves around guitarist/bandleader Frank Fazioli of local variety act A Family Affair. Fazioli worked as a union guitarist in the 1960s and played with some of the biggest names in the business. Oct. 13-22. $10-$21. Cultural Park Theater, 528 Cultural Park Blvd., Cape Coral. 772-5862 or culturalparktheater.com
Millennial Brewing Oktoberfest This four-day fest brings the spirit of Oktoberfest to Fort Myers. Expect special beer from the brewery, a beer pavilion tent, Bavaria-inspired décor, food (including German brats, schnitzel and pretzels), music, sing-alongs merchandise, games, kids activities and more. Starts at 8 p.m. nightly Oct. 12-15. Free admission. Millennial Brewing Company, 1811 Royal Palm Ave., downtown Fort Myers. 271-2255 or millennialbrewing.com
Fall and Halloween Festival This daily festival features rides, a huge pumpkin patch, games, family activities, the "Halloween Express" train and a collection of creative scarecrows entered into the festival's annual "Scarecrows in the Park" contest. Oct. 13-29. Hours are 6-9 p.m. Monday through Friday, 10 a.m. to 9 p.m. Saturday and Sunday. Free admission, but some activities and rides cost extra ($2-$14, depending on the activity). Parking is $1 per hour or $5 all day. Lakes Regional Park, 7330 Gladiolus Drive, south Fort Myers. 533-7575 or leeparks.org
Punkin'Palooza Annual pumpkin-themed festival with a pumpkin patch, pumpkin painting, face painting, live music, fall crafts and more. 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Friday through Sunday until Oct. 22. Free. Fleamasters Fleamarket, 4135 Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Fort Myers. 334-7001 or fleamall.com
"Howl-O-Ween" Yappy Hour Bring your dog to Bell Tower Shops for an expanded, Halloween-themed version of the monthly Yappy Hour. Features a 7 p.m. Halloween costume contest for pets and their owners. The night also includes a deejay, a bounce house, a sidewalk chalk station, lawn games and more. 6-8 p.m. Free admission ($5 per pet for costume contest. The money goes to the Gulf Coast Humane Society). The Bell Tower Shops, 13499 U.S. 41, south Fort Myers. 489-1221 or thebelltowershops.com
Cape Coral Bike Night with Lita Ford The hard-rock star performs at this outdoor event featuring vendors, food, more live bands and lots of motorcycles. Ford's hits include "Kiss Me Deadly" and "Close My Eyes Forever" (with Ozzy Osbourne). 5-10 p.m. $5. Downtown Cape Coral on Southeast 47th Terrace, just east of Coronado Parkway. ccbikenight.com
Wilder Sons The Naples quartet with a beachy alt-rock sound features catchy melodies, upbeat rhythms and complex musicianship. Part of the Noteworthy Concert Series. Naples Beach Brewery provides the brews. 8 p.m. $5. Sidney & Berne Davis Art Center, 2301 First St., downtown Fort Myers. 333-1933 or sbdac.com
SoCo Second Saturday This monthly event celebrates its one-year anniversary with more art-exhibit receptions, demonstrations, talks, wine tastings, live music, vendors and other activities. 5-10 p.m. Free admission. The event takes place on the second Saturday of every month. Royal Palm Square and the surrounding area, 1400 Colonial Blvd., Fort Myers. socoswfl.com
SWFL Writers Showcase: Alternate Realities Steampunk & Fantasy Expo This new event showcases local steampunk, science fiction and fantasy authors and artists. Other activities includes live music from Escape the Clouds and The Steampunk Stompers, panel discussions, storytelling, crafts and a Splendid Teapot Race (which features teapots mounted on remote-control chassis and then run through an obstacle course). The event is put on by the organizers of SWFL SpaceCon. 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. $5. Crowne Plaza at Bell Tower Shops, 13051 Bell Tower Drive, south Fort Myers. facebook.com/swflwritersshowcase
Fozzy Wrestler Chris Jericho and his metal band kick off their Fozzy Across America stunt in Fort Myers. The goal: To play three shows in three different time zones on the same day — all to celebrate the release of the band's new album, "Judas." First up is The Ranch at 9 a.m., followed by a post-show meet-and-greet. Then they'll jet to two more shows in El Paso, Texas, at 3 p.m. and Las Vegas at 11 p.m. Tickets are 96 cents and available at 96 K-Rock's radio studio at 20125 S. Tamiami Trail in Estero or at the door on the day of the event. The Ranch Concert Hall & Saloon, 2158 Colonial Blvd., Fort Myers. 985-9839 or theranchfortmyers.com
Mushroomhead The creepy masked metal band returns to Southwest Florida. 8 p.m. (doors open at 6 p.m.) $20-$38. Southwest Florida Event Center (formerly Southwest Florida Performing Arts Center), 11515 Bonita Beach Road S.E., Bonita Springs. 245-9910 or swflpac.com
Ding Darling Days Family Fun Day This event kicks off a week's worth of eco-activities that continues through Oct. 21 with Conservation Art Day, which celebrates the legacy of the park's namesake, the first federal duck stamp artist and a Pulitzer Prize-winning political cartoonist. Family Fun Day includes free refuge tram tours, live wildlife presentations, hot dogs, kids crafts and more. That's followed by birding, boating, paddleboarding and kayaking activities all week long. 10 a.m. to 3 p.m. Free. J. N. "Ding" Darling National Wildlife Refuge, 1 Wildlife Drive, Sanibel Island. 472-1100 or fws.gov/refuge/jn_ding_darling
Youth Empowerment Day This new event is held in conjunction with International Day of the Girl Child and features speakers and educational programs aimed at empowering youth and families. Plus a fishing clinic, self-defense demos, a nature-trail hike, a shorebird talk, face painting, food and more. 9 a.m. to 2 p.m. Free with park admission of $2-$5. Koreshan State Historic Site, 3800 Corkscrew Road, Estero. 992-0311 or floridastateparks.org/park/Koreshan
93X Taco Fest Southwest Florida food vendors serve up all kinds of tacos for $2 each, plus other tasty dishes at this annual festival. Live music by SOWFLO, Soapy Tuna and Wilder Sons. 11 a.m. to 6 p.m. $10 admission. Riverside Park, 10451 Old 41 Road, Bonita Springs. 992-2556
Haunted Walk This 33rd annual Haunted Walk brings fear back to Calusa Nature Center. Not recommended for ages 15 and younger. Guests are encouraged to come in costume. 7:30-9:30 p.m. daily through Oct. 31 (but it stays open later on Fridays and Saturdays) $12.50-$15. Calusa Nature Center and Planetarium, 3450 Ortiz Ave., Fort Myers. 275-3435 or calusanature.org
Irma-relief concert with Southwest Florida Symphony Ten musicians from the professional symphony perform to raise money for the United Way of Lee County's Hurricane Relief Fund. Maestro Nir Kabaretti, concertmaster Reiko Niiya and other symphony musicians have donated their time and services for the fundraiser. 7:30 p.m. Free (although donations will be collected for the fund). Sidney & Berne Davis Art Center, 2301 First St., downtown Fort Myers. 333-1933 or sbdac.com
Oktoberfest This 32nd-annual event brings two weekends of German culture to the Cape Coral area, including beer, nonstop live bands on three stages, two dance floors, food and vendors. Takes place Friday through Sunday, Oct. 20-22 and 27-29. Hours are 4 p.m. to midnight Friday, noon to midnight Saturday and noon to 9 p.m. Sunday. $5 in advance, $6 at the gate (free for ages 11 and younger). German American Social Club, 2101 S.W. Pine Island Road, Cape Coral. 283-1400 or capecoraloktoberfest.com
"'Night Mother" In this tense drama, a woman calmly tells her mother that she plans to kill herself. The mother doesn't want to believe it, at first, but then her desperation builds as she watches her daughter prepare for her own death. Performed by The Studio Players. Oct. 20-Nov. 5. $25. Golden Gate Community Center, 4701 Golden Gate Parkway, Naples. 398-9192 or thestudioplayers.com
"Veronica's Room" This mystery thriller from "Rosemary's Baby" author Ira Levin replaces the previously announced "Misery." Two students are invited to a crumbling mansion to meet its caretakers and the addled, last-surviving member of the family that once lived there. The reason: They want one of the students to impersonate the long-dead sister, Veronica. Soon, the line between fantasy and reality starts to blur. Oct. 20-Nov. 4. $23. The Laboratory Theater of Florida, 1634 Woodford Ave., downtown Fort Myers. 218-0481 or laboratorytheaterflorida.com
Haunted "Gross" Hay Ride Instead of the annual Haunted "Gross" House, organizers are offering this scary event spanning the fairgrounds. The reason: Damage to the venue from Hurricane Irma. The haunted hayride benefits Hurricane Irma relief through the Making Life "Fair" Program. 8 p.m. to 10:30 p.m. Friday and Saturday, Oct. 20-21 and 27-28. The Oct. 28 event also features a Trunk Or Treat from 7:30-8:30 p.m. and a costume contest at 8 p.m. $5. Collier County Fairgrounds, 751 N. 39th Ave. N.E., Naples. 455-1444 or colliercountyfair.com/the-gross-walk
The Copper Tones Fort Lauderdale band that plays roots music mixed with soul, rock, Americana and more. Part of the Noteworthy Concert Series. Islamorada Beer Company provides the brews. 8 p.m. $5. Sidney & Berne Davis Art Center, 2301 First St., downtown Fort Myers. 333-1933 or sbdac.com
Music Walk The monthly music festival with bands in the streets and inside the bars and venues. 6-10 p.m. on the third Friday of every month. Free. Downtown Fort Myers. fortmyersriverdistrictalliance.com
Octagon Wars Cage Fights Outdoor, octagon-style MMA fighting comes to Cape Coral. These 10 matches will feature some of the best amateur local fighters from different schools. All matches are professionally refereed and judged. 6 p.m. General admission is $15 in advance, $20 the week of the event. Bleacher seats are $30. Ringside VIP seats are $50 and include a fight card, cocktail service and a raffle ticket. Rack'em Spirits & Times, 1011 S.E. 47th Terrace, downtown Cape Coral. facebook.com/RackemspiritsandTimes
The Village People The campy 70s icons perform "YMCA," "Macho Man" and more. 8 p.m. $55. Seminole Casino Hotel, Immokalee. 800-218-0007 or seminoleimmokaleecasino.com
Comic Fest This second-annual festival celebrates comic books and geek culture with workshops, karaoke, games, a 3D-printer presentation, a cosplay presentation by FGCU's Cosplay and Costuming Club, a costume parade, and The Laboratory Theater of Florida presenting an adult storytime reading of "The Princess Bride." Noon to 4 p.m. Free. Fort Myers Regional Library, 2450 First St., downtown Fort Myers. 533-4600 or leegov.com/library
"Classical Mystery Tour" The touring Beatles tribute plays the Fab Four's classics backed by the Southwest Florida Symphony. 7:30 p.m. $28-$92. Barbara B Mann Performing Arts Hall, 13350 FSW Parkway, south Fort Myers. 481-4849 or bbmannpah.com
The Lacs The hip-hop country act brings its Deplorable Tour to Fort Myers with opening acts Big Smo, Saving Abel, Shotgun Shane and Demun Jones. 9 p.m. $30-$56. The Ranch Concert Hall & Saloon, 2158 Colonial Blvd., Fort Myers. 985-9839 or theranchfortmyers.com
Sanibel Jazz The award-winning group that started Sanibel's Jazz on the Green fest in the 80s returns to the island to perform. Peter Graves' Atlantean Driftwood Band features Grammy Award-winning saxophonist Ed Calle and Florida Music Hall of Fame vocalist Dana Paul. 8 p.m. $45-$50. BIG ARTS, 900 Dunlop Road, Sanibel Island. 395-0900 or bigarts.org
South Cape Spooktacular Hop on a trolley for this fourth annual event that takes you to various bars, restaurants and other South Cape locations for a piece of candy and a 2-ounce Halloween-themed specialty drink. Limited to 1,000 people, ages 21 and older. Check-in booths are open from 6-7:30 p.m. at Big John Plaza and Club Square. 7-11 p.m. $16.82 in advance, $20 the day of the event. Downtown Cape Coral. facebook.com/SouthCapeHospitalityAndEntertainmentAssociations
Jimmy Thackery and The Drivers Explosive blues and roots rock. 8 p.m. $22-$32. Center for Performing Arts Bonita Springs, 10150 Bonita Beach Road, Bonita Springs. 495-8989 or artcenterbonita.org
"The Walking Dead" launch party Watch the premiere of the hit zombie series on several TV screens. Dress up in costume and get a discount on your tab. The night includes food, food trucks and drink specials. 7-11 p.m. Free admission. Millennial Brewing Company, 1811 Royal Palm Ave., downtown Fort Myers. 271-2255 or millennialbrewing.com
Backyard Family Bash Bring your kids and family for this outdoor event featuring food trucks, beer and wine, live bands, games, a pie-eating contest and a close-up look at Dale Earnhardt Jr.'s stock car simulator. The theme is hometown pride. Chairs, blankets and dogs are allowed. 11 a.m. to 5 p.m. Free (but donations will be accepted). Presented by the Rotary Club of Fort Myers. Proceeds benefit local nonprofits through the Fort Myers Rotary Trust Fund. Alliance for the Arts, 10091 McGregor Blvd. Fort Myers. 332-8158 or rotaryfortmyers.org
NamJam Fort Myers Sunday's patriotic event at The Shell Factory in North Fort Myers was previously rescheduled from September due to Hurricane Irma. NamJam will celebrate veterans of Vietnam and other wars. It will feature live music, a barbecue, a 50/50 raffle and a color guard ceremony. Noon to 6 p.m. Free. All veterans get free admission to the nature park and other perks. For more information, call 995-2141 or visit shellfactory.com
Connect with this reporter: Charles Runnells (News-Press) (Facebook), @charlesrunnells (Twitter), @crunnells1 (Instagram)


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Student-centred pedagogies
Pedagogical design
Design & implementations of pedagogical innovations
Institutional policies and procedures to support the implementation of AL pedagogies
Research Practice Partnerships
Leveraging new paradigms and disruptive technologies to successfully orchestrate pedagogical change, a project funded by Social Science & Humanities Research Council – College Community Social Innovation Fund (SSHRC-CCSIF). It is a multi-institutional, inter-provincial, team of researchers, practitioners and corporate partners currently investigating how best to promote the scaling of evidence-based pedagogies and leverage the affordances of educational technologies to support collaborative learning.
Author: Elizabeth S. Charles, Jim Slotta, Robert Cassidy, Michael Dugdale, Kevin Lenton and Chao Zhang | Source: CSCL Proceedings | Year: 2019
Author: Rhys Adams, Kevin Lenton, Elizabeth S. Charles, Chris Whittaker, Michael Dugdale and Robert Cassidy | Source: Presented at the Association pour la Recherche au Collégial (ARC) colloquium at the 86e Association francophone pour le savoir (ACFAS) Conference | Year: 2018
Driving pedagogical innovation: a new model involving Research Practice Partnerships
SALTISE Conference 2019
Lifetime Achievement Award
SALTISE Conference 2019


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Unfortunately I won't be rocking my Betsy Ross sneakers today as Nike is making product decisions based on the hurt feelings of the most sensitive man in America. Hatred of a political party is erasing an iconic (female) figure in the founding of the United States of America. Below is a photo of the Betsy Ross flag prominently displayed at the 2013 inaugural of Barack Obama, of whom I was not a great admirer, but who at least did not hold completely insane views like displaying the original Stars and Bars is an endorsement of slavery. Read more →
EppsNet Archive: Betsy Ross
Happy Flag Day!
During the American Revolution, the Continental Congress adopts a resolution stating that "the flag of the United States be thirteen alternate stripes red and white" and that "the Union be thirteen stars, white in a blue field, representing a new Constellation." The national flag, which became known as the "Stars and Stripes," was based on the "Grand Union" flag, a banner carried by the Continental Army in 1776 that also consisted of 13 red and white stripes. According to legend, Philadelphia seamstress Betsy Ross designed the new canton for the Stars and Stripes, which consisted of a circle of 13 stars and a blue background, at the request of General George Washington. Historians have been unable to conclusively prove or disprove this legend. — History.com Read more →


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Monday, 1 September 2014
Down on the cochineal farm
Oaxaca is the centre of cochineal production in Mexico and was once responsible for the second highest grossing export for the country behind silver. In fact, during colonial times, the Spanish forced a monopoly on cochineal production. If you were caught smuggling it the penalty was death.
While farming cochineal lessened dramatically following the introduction of synthetic dyes, the move to sustainability, and issues with allergies to synthetic food colouring has seen a resurgence in its production. So, given we are in the cradle of cochineal and are all interested in its use as a textile dye, we took ourselves off to a cochineal farm to see how it all works.
Below is the cochineal farmer's dye recipe chart. It's important to keep records like this if you want to achieve consistent colour each time.
5 comments:
This blog is a mine of information. You're sure on a steep learning curve, Tara.ReplyDeleteReplies
I think the class prep I've been able to do helped massively, plus we're immersed in textiles all day every day so it doesn't feel overwhelming.Delete
Tara what a beautiful post, thank you for sharing. It's been a dream of mine to visit Oaxaca and tour the cochineal farms. I'm fascinated by the farmers dye recipe chart, would love to see a close up of that a get a better understanding of their process. Also so they sell the Zapotec nests in the market there?ReplyDeleteReplies
Thanks so much Maura. I'll send you the pic so you can have it in higher resolution. I can't say I've seen the baskets in the marketplaces, but I'll keep an eye out from now on!Delete
Fell in love with this in Florence at Bizarre- handling those large glass jars with their paper labels, feeling a bit like a chemistry lab. Their's are harvested in Texas.ReplyDelete


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Although the Independent Automotive Damage Appraisers Association (IADA) was forced to move the location of their 46th Annual Vehicle Repair Conference to the Lord Baltimore Hotel, located at 20 West Street, Baltimore MD 21201 at the last moment, the conference was successfully held on June 18-20, 2014 as "an educational tool for our members and the industry," John Williams, Executive Vice President of IABA explains. "For guest speakers, we have experts in various fields relating to current methods of repair as well as what to expect from manufacturers in the future. Our expectations for this event are to promote our association and members as professionals committed to exceeding industry expectations as well as providing our members an educational and social venue to network with clients."
According to Williams, "attendees were very pleased with both the location and the agenda. Our event always focuses on education and training as well as being a social event for members and guests, and it is important because it provides members with an opportunity to train and remain a viable force in the industry. This year, our conference exceeded expectations. We try to build on what we learned in the past to make our next event even more dynamic."
Registration for the conference began on Wednesday, June 18, at 1PM and continued until 6PM when IADA held their Welcome Reception followed by exhibitor showcases which concluded at 9PM. After breakfast on Thursday morning, IADA President Leo Maki's Welcoming Address served as the opening to the event.
IADA planned an exciting agenda filled with informative seminars led by nine industry leaders. Around 8:30AM, the educational seminars began with Wayne R. Schaumburg's "An Illustrated History of Baltimore," followed by "Best Claims Practices" which was presented by Harvey Lightstone, Vice President of the Directory of Claims and Risk for Management Claims Professionals Liability Insurance Company. Before lunch, Jim Aulby, Vice President of Claims Protective for Sagamore Insurance, discussed "Heavy Equipment Estimating."
The seminars resumed at 12:45PM with the Highway Loss Data Institute's Senior Vice President Kim L. Hazelbaker's "New Technology of Electronics in Vehicles." Thursday's lectures concluded at 4PM with "Investigating Fuel System Contamination" as presented by Jeff Lange, President of Lange Technical Services LTD. Attendees then enjoyed a two-hour break which gave them a chance to visit exhibitors before attending the President's Reception and dinner banquet.
On Friday morning, Dan Oscarson, Vice President of Global Marketing Insurance Auto Auctions, explored "Marketing Salvage in a Global Economy." He was followed by CIECA Executive Director Fred Iantorno's "Getting It Done for the Industry." The final presentation, "Aftermarket Truck Parts," was led by Donald B. Cameron, President and Founder of Dawson Truck Parts. After their closing remarks, IADA's conference culminated with their membership meeting.
"Our 46th conference went well, even after facing the challenge of relocating to the Lord Baltimore Hotel at the last moment due to unexpected issues with the hotel we had contracted with. Our conference has always focused on education and training; this year was no exception!" Williams recalls, "our conference started with an excellent presentation by a local historian speaking about the history of Baltimore, and attendees were amazed to learn how Baltimore's history helped shape many industrial and cultural advances we enjoy to this day. Attendees were given a glimpse of future vehicle technology as well as a look at the past to learn how far vehicle technology has progress and what to expect in the future."
In regards to the valuable information provided at the conference, Williams also notes that "a presentation on Global Salvage was of great interest to learn how salvage vehicles are being purchased in the US, then shipped in cargo containers with available parts to repair included with each vehicle. Vehicles that would not be put back on the road are repaired in many third world countries due to cheap labor and a shortage of vehicles. Vehicles we take for granted are a luxury in many countries since few have options such as air or other power options."
IADA was first founded in 1947 as the Independent Appraisal Plan (IAP) with a mission "to offer an unbiased automotive specialist appraiser to assess vehicle damage and establish a fair cost of repair," Williams recalls. That same year, IAP was approved by the Association of Casualty and Surety Companies and the National Association of Mutual Companies. In 1964, the IAP reorganized and was reborn as the IADA, a national not-for-profit trade association.
Currently, IADA has 98 members in 43 states who employ more than 600 appraisers in over 400 service locations. Over the past 15 years, membership in IADA has increased around 15%. Williams details their membership process: "in order to apply for membership, applicants are required to have five years' experience in the industry and owned and operated an appraisal firm for the past two years. We conduct a background investigation on all applicants, followed by a site inspection requiring the applicant to prepare a professional damage appraisal. Our Board of Directors then vote on the applicant."
Though obtaining membership to IADA seems somewhat involved, the cost-savings benefits offered to members makes it well worth the effort. For starters, E&O/GL insurance is provided under a blanket policy and is included in membership dues with no additional charge. Members receive discounts on estimating software from all three providers plus discounts on CarFax, NADA Online and Old Cars Price Guide reports. IADA members are also listed on the association's website as well as in their annual service directory, around 7000 copies of which are distributed throughout the industry. In addition to the national marketing supplied, members have the opportunity to attend IADA's national conference which provides them with useful educational seminars as well as the chance to network with other IADA members.
Still, IADA strives to continually add new member benefits in their efforts to attract new members. They also continue to promote educational and training seminars at regional and national events. The association works toward securing new business for their members by "upholding the integrity of the association and being consistent with our honesty policy to enhance our position with the public, insurance industry and automotive repair businesses," Williams explains. "Our current goal is to recruit new members who have an interest in joining a professional organization dedicated to serving the industry with truly 'Trained Professionals.' Our members take pride in delivering professional, unbiased damage appraisals. Our goal is to treat the consumer the way we would expect to be treated if we had a claim."
Regarding challenges currently facing the industry, Williams notes, "DRP programs have impacted our volume of business to a great degree. While DRPs may be a good concept for smaller losses, I feel some carriers' attempts to completely control the repair process, no matter how large or small the loss, is a mistake. Having owned and operated an appraisal firm for 24 years, I enjoyed a great working relationship with repair facilities. Preparing an accurate appraisal and securing an agreed price with a reputable shop is quickly becoming a lost art. The industry is losing qualified appraisers at a rapid pace. Many of our members had second, third and fourth generation family taking over their businesses, but we are no longer seeing as much of that."
IADA Association
PO Box 12291
Columbus, GA 31917


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03 Apr The Definitive Guide To What Breaks a Fast
One of the most common questions I get is "Does [x] break a fast?"
What they're really inquiring about is: "Does this interfere with, negate, or nullify the benefits of fasting?"
These benefits include:
Ketosis: Fasting is the quickest way to get into ketosis, an metabolic state characterized by increasing fat burning, fat adaptation, and—in some people—improved cognitive function.
Fat Loss: When you're fasting, you're not eating, and not eating is the best way to force your body to burn the fat it already possesses. Fasting also means no additional calories are coming in, and many people find that fasting is a great way to control their calorie intake.
Autophagy: Autophagy, or "self-eating," is the process by which our cells prune damaged components, maintain proper function, and keep aging at bay. Fasting triggers autophagy. Breaking the fast will stop autophagy.
Let's go through the most popular queries one by one and figure out how each one affects an intermittent fast.
Common Drinks
Depends on who you ask. Some say the fact that coffee triggers a metabolic response means it breaks the fast. I say that coffee increases fat mobilization and burning, independently triggers autophagy (something we're looking for when we fast), and makes it easier to stave off hunger. For my full treatment, check out this post on coffee and fasting.
I'm going to say "no."
Tea contains no calories, improves metabolic health, and can aid fat burning. All signs point to it being great during a fast. Of course, if you had a tablespoon of sugar and a half cup of milk, you're breaking the fast. But tea itself is a great addition.
I'm going to say "no."
Yerba Mate
Yerba mate is essentially non-caloric, like tea or black coffee. It also has beneficial effects on glucose tolerance, which is a big plus.
I'm going to say "no."
Bone Broth
I covered this in full a few months ago. Go read that post. In short, a bit is probably okay. Just keep in mind that the more gelatinous your broth is, the more collagen protein it will contain and the greater its potential to inhibit autophagy. This isn't established in humans yet (see the collagen section below), but it's worth considering. A nice salty broth has gotten many a faster through a tough fast, especially if they're still learning the ropes and need some electrolytes.
I'm going to say "technically yes" but "realistically no."
Lemon Water
A tablespoon of fresh squeezed lemon juice has a couple calories and a decent amount of potassium. Combined with salt, lemon water is actually a nice way to hydrate during a fast without breaking it.
I'm going to say "no."
Diet Soda
Diet soda may mess with your gut. It's linked to weight issues, though not conclusively and certainly not in a causative manner; it's just as likely that the relationship can be explained by overweight and unhealthy people using diet sodas in a bid to lose weight. I don't like them myself, and I've witnessed people fail to ever kick the sweet tooth as long as they drank diet sodas. But many people find they do improve dietary adherence and do improve fasting tolerance. If that's the case, they are very pro-fasting.
I'm going to say "no."
A juice fast isn't really a fast. You're consuming fewer calories than you might eating normal food, but you're still consuming a good number of calories—most of them carbohydrate, no less.
I'm going to say "yes" unless you're specifically engaging in "juice fasting," in which case it's still not fasting despite what you call it.
Common Drink Additions/Condiments
Cream (Unsweetened)
Technically, as a source of calories, cream breaks a fast. But it doesn't provoke an insulin response when consumed in isolation, it doesn't impact ketosis, and many people find it makes sticking to the fast easier.
I'm going to say "technically yes, but realistically no—just keep it to a couple teaspoons or less."
Almond Milk
It depends on the almond milk. A full cup of the standard sugar-free almond milk has just 36 calories, about a gram of carbs, 2 grams of fat, and a gram of protein. That's almost nothing. You could probably get away with a quarter or third cup and have minimal impact on your fast, but why not just drink some water or coffee?
I'm going to say "technically yes," but you can get away with a little bit.
Like cream, butter doesn't provoke an insulin response in isolation. It's more calorically dense than cream, though, so watch how much you eat.
I'm going to say "technically yes, but realistically no as long as you're not using more than a teaspoon."
MCT Oil/Coconut Oil
MCT oil is pure fat and thus calorically dense, but it has three benefits going for it. First, it doesn't provoke an insulin response in isolation. Two, it increases energy expenditure. Three, it converts directly to ketones. People new to fasting can often speed up the fat adaptation process by incorporating a little MCT oil. Coconut oil is the main source of MCT oil, so it'll have similar effects, though not as pronounced.
I'm going to say "technically yes, but realistically no—and it may even enhance your fasting experience when consumed in moderation."
I don't advise eating cinnamon alone, dry, and isolated. It's a terrible and potentially deadly idea. But in some coffee or tea during a fast? Sure. It can even improve insulin sensitivity.
I'm going to say "no."
Salt does not break a fast. Actually, adding a pinch or two of salt to your water during a fast can increase your tolerance of the fasting process and improve hydration status.
I'm going to say "no."
Non-caloric Sweeteners—First Natural, Then Artificial
Stevia contains no calories and has no effect on insulin secretion (if anything, it increases insulin sensitivity). However, it's often used to sweeten foods that do contain calories, so be mindful of how you're using it.
I'm going to say "no."
Monk Fruit
For a good overview of monk fruit, read this. Suffice it to say, monk fruit is similar to stevia in that it's a non-caloric, naturally-occurring sweetener with unique health effects. It will not break your fast.
I'm going to say "no."
Swerve is a sweetener that blends erythritol (a sugar alcohol) and oligosaccharides (a prebiotic fiber that tastes kinda sweet) with natural flavors. Erythritol has no effect on insulin or blood glucose (you just pee it out mostly). I couldn't find any studies on oligosaccharides during a fast, but as humans cannot by definition digest them, they shouldn't affect the course of a fast.
I'm going to say "no."
See the gum section above. Stick to reasonable amounts.
I'm going to say "no."
Sucralose (a.k.a. Splenda)
Sucralose does not provoke an insulin response or increase blood glucose—great news for fasters who want to use it—but it does seem to impair whole body insulin sensitivity. That's bad for everyone.
I'm going to say "no," but there are other downsides.
Those same studies on monk fruit and stevia also tested aspartame, finding similar results. Aspartame does not provoke an insulin or glucose response. I'm no fan of the stuff, but I don't see any evidence that it will break a fast.
I'm going to say "no."
Supplementary Powders, Oils, Etc.
CBD Oil
Assuming you're doing the kind of hemp oil that comes in droppers and not the kind that you pour from a culinary oil bottle, the caloric content can't possibly impact your fast. There are no studies examining the metabolic effects of CBD in the fasted state, but I don't see any reason why it would impact ketosis, autophagy, or fat-burning—and without psychoactive THC involved, you won't be getting the munchies.
I'm going to say "no."
Protein Powder
Protein powder provokes an insulin response, which opposes autophagy, which means you're breaking your fast. Plus, protein powder contains calories.
I'm going to say "yes."
If you're strict and technical, then yes, collagen breaks a fast. There's evidence that glycine—the most prominent amino acid in collagen—can inhibit autophagy, but it was a convoluted animal study where inhibiting autophagy with large doses of glycine after brain injury actually improved outcomes. It probably doesn't apply to someone adding a scoop of collagen to their coffee. Besides, even if it slightly reduces autophagy, a little collagen won't negatively impact ketosis, fat-burning, or energy intake.
I'm going to say "technically yes," but "realistically no." Avoid if your main focus is autophagy, though.
Branch Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs)
BCAAs trigger an insulin response and thus stop autophagy and the fast. That said, many proponents of fasted training recommend using BCAAs before a workout to help preserve muscle and improve the post-workout anabolic response.
I'm going to say "yes."
Apple Cider Vinegar
Apple cider vinegar is made by double fermenting the sugars present in apple juice. First, yeast convert the sugars to alcohol. Next, the alcohol converts to acetic acid. The result is a liquid that's virtually calorie-free. Studies showing that consuming vinegar lowers the blood glucose response to a subsequent meal aren't really relevant if you're fasting, but they don't hurt.
I'm going to say "no."
Electrolyte Powder/Tabs
Electrolyte powders/tabs used to come festooned with sucrose, making them decidedly anti-fasting. These days, most of them are sweetened with stevia or some other natural non-caloric sweetener. Even the ones that have a little bit of sugar (1-2 g) are probably okay to consume without much negative effect. Best of all, electrolytes can really help you tolerate a fast.
I'm going to say "no."
Breath-Freshening Items
If we're talking sugar-rich gum, the answer is yes. Those definitely break a fast. If we're talking xylitol gum, the answer is more mixed. In healthy individuals, 30 grams of pure xylitol triggers a small but significant rise in glucose and insulin. That might sound scary to a prospective IFer, but most people aren't chewing gum made with 30 grams of xylitol. The average piece of xylitol gum barely weighs a gram.
I'm going to say "no," unless you're chewing gum made with real sugar or you're throwing back 30 pieces of xylitol gum in a sitting.
I always consume my toothpaste (around a tablespoon of the good stuff per brushing) and I've never had it knock me out of ketosis, autophagy, or in any way shape or form break my fast. I'm kidding. I don't consume my toothpaste, but brushing your teeth doesn't break a fast.
I'm going to say "no." Don't eat it though.
Pretty much the same as toothpaste. Look for a brand that doesn't contain sugar or one of the artificial sweeteners above that trips insulin. As the instructions (and common sense) suggest, don't drink it.
That's it, folks. If you have additional questions about what does or doesn't break a fast, leave them down below. Thanks for reading, and I hope you found the post helpful. Forward it on if you did.
Hansson P, Holven KB, Øyri LKL, et al. Meals with Similar Fat Content from Different Dairy Products Induce Different Postprandial Triglyceride Responses in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Cross-Over Trial. J Nutr. 2019;149(3):422-431.
Anton SD, Martin CK, Han H, et al. Effects of stevia, aspartame, and sucrose on food intake, satiety, and postprandial glucose and insulin levels. Appetite. 2010;55(1):37-43.
Ili? V, Vukmirovi? S, Stilinovi? N, ?apo I, Arsenovi? M, Milijaševi? B. Insight into anti-diabetic effect of low dose of stevioside. Biomed Pharmacother. 2017;90:216-221.
Noda K, Nakayama K, Oku T. Serum glucose and insulin levels and erythritol balance after oral administration of erythritol in healthy subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 1994;48(4):286-92.
Müller-hess R, Geser CA, Bonjour JP, Jéquier E, Felber JP. Effects of oral xylitol administration on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in normal subjects. Infusionsther Klin Ernahr. 1975;2(4):247-52.
The post The Definitive Guide To What Breaks a Fast appeared first on Mark's Daily Apple.
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EXCLUSIVE: Jewish Group Takes California State University Trustees to Task Over Anti-Israel Professor
by Joshua Levitt
AMCHA Initiative, a national organization fighting anti-Semitism on college campuses, is taking the Board of Trustees of California State University to task over a CSU-Northridge mathematics professor's use of the school's name and resources to promote the boycott of Israel.
In what could be a precedent-setting move, AMCHA is asking the university's trustees, meeting on Tuesday and Wednesday at their annual summit, to respond to specific California legislation that bars university employees from using school resources, in this case email and web hosting, to support a boycott.
In an exclusive interview with The Algemeiner, AMCHA co-founder Tammi Rossman-Benjamin said the group asked the university to respond to the core question in the law, which states that only with the Trustees expressed permission can university resources be used to support a boycott.
On Tuesday, the school's general counsel responded to their request without answering AMCHA's simple question, has CSU-Northridge mathematics professor Klein been granted their permission or not? Rossman-Benjamin says she will directly pose the question to the Board of Trustees, which includes several Jews, during Wednesday's public comment period of the annual meeting.
Related coverage
AMCHA's insistence on an answer comes as anti-Israel activism and anti-Semitism on California university campuses grows at a fevered pitch. Last year, support from Jewish groups and human rights organizations led the California State Assembly to unanimously approve a resolution recognizing that "student- and faculty-sponsored boycott, divestment, and sanction campaigns against Israel" are a form of campus anti-Semitism, but the resolution is being ignored at CSU-Northridge, where Jewish mathematics professor David Klein has been using the school's internet server to host his personal webpage, promoting the economic, academic, and cultural boycott of Israel.
The professor's faculty website links to a separate page he created, titled "Boycott Israel Resource Page," and also hosted on the www.csun.edu server, as the faculty adviser for the CSUN's Students for Justice in Palestine and for the CSUN Greens, of which he notes that the "U.S. Green party has endorsed BDS and the academic and cultural boycott of Israel."
The "Boycott Israel Resource Page" lists internet links to petitions against Israel, news and opinion articles in support of boycotts, and affirms many of the typical canards and blatant inaccuracies or hate speech, as defined by major human rights organizations, to vilify Israel.
One obvious example, highlighted in bold near the top of the site by Klein, and noted byRossman-Benjamin, claims that Israel, whose central bureau of statistics says has a population of 8 million inhabitants, including 6 million Jews and 1.6 million Arabs, or 20% per cent of its population, "is the most racist state in the world at this time."
Klein links the statement to an article published by Israel's Ynet news site that includes a quote about racism in Israeli society from an Arab member of the Knesset, Israel's parliament, who voiced concern over the tone of public debate by some politicians. But, Rossman-Benjamin points out, the fact that Israel has a 20% Arab population, including Arabs elected to parliament, must make it less racist than other countries, where Jews, for example are excluded entirely, such as Saudi Arabia, with 27 million people, including 5.5 million non-citizen foreigners, where all but 3% of the population is Muslim, or Egypt, with 82 million people, 91% Muslims and 9% Christians.
"This man teaches math, not history or middle east studies, or with any expertise about the issue, so this is purely political, personal, and has no bearing on academic freedom; this is complete abuse," Rossman-Benjamin said. "Political activism, or what we should call political indoctrination, should not, in any way, be part of the academy."
"I disagree with his use [of the university's resources] to harm Israel, my people, just as I would if his abuse was intended to harm [U.S. President] Barack Obama, for example; this is the same principle, it is wrong, and we believe unlawful," she said.
"Everybody knows that we have freedom of speech in the United States, that we should want to say something to express ourselves. And we are free to use our own Gmail accounts, for example, or pay for an inexpensive, privately-registered website to express our views, but Klein has chosen to use the university name and resources to promote his political causes, and that is not permitted."
"I disagree with the whole concept of using the university's public resources for political or personal resources," Rossman-Benjamin said, "It's wrong."
Last month, Klein used his university email address to solicit supporters to back political candidates who support his personal beliefs, and his hand was slapped, Rossman-Benjamin said.
In an August 10 email, Klein promoted a U.S. congressional candidate in California who supports the boycott of Israel to the listserv of the Campaign to End Israel Apartheid – Southern California, in a clear violation of the rules against doing so. After receiving a letter from AMCHA, CSU-Northridge President Dianne Harrison responded that the school investigated the matter and took "appropriate action," as Klein, the school's lawyer explained, was in "violation of CSUN policy 500-10 ('Use of Computing Resources') and 500-11 ('Unauthorized Email'), as well as Government Code section 8314 and various court decisions holding that public resources may not be used for political campaign activity," though the university wouldn't detail its response or sanction any further action because of the professor's right to privacy in his personnel life.
The current question relates to three emails sent by Klein that AMCHA says may violate California Education Code 89005.5, which states:
"No person shall, without the permission of the Trustees of the California State University, use this name [California State University], or any abbreviation of it or any name of which these words are a part …to display, advertise, or announce this name publicly at, or in connection with, any…promotional activity of any kind which has for its purpose or any part of its purpose the support, endorsement, advancement…of…boycott."
In a letter sent on Tuesday and reviewed by The Algemeiner, G. Andrew Jones, Interim General Counsel of California State University, responded sympathetically to AMCHA, but ignored the group's question, as related California Education Code 89005.5 — did Professor Klein have the university permission to do so, or not?
"As President Harrison said in her statement, she personally does not agree with Dr. Klein's positions and, particularly, the manner in which he has chosen to present them. She also stated that she does not believe that his approach promotes or advances constructive dialogue. I personally concur with both of those sentiments. However, while we do not endorse or support Dr. Klein's views, the University's review, conducted in consultation with the Office of General Counsel, determined that the content of the website does not violate California law and is constitutionally protected speech. We have also consulted with the Anti-Defamation League which agreed that the website's contents were not anti-Semitic. Finally, the California Attorney General's office also reviewed the website in response to an external complaint it had received and determined there was no evidence to support a finding of misuse of the CSU name or state resources."
While the general counsel said he felt the response clarified the university's position, Rossman-Benjamin said she would push the issue at the Wednesday annual meeting.
"The general counsel entirely ignored the specific question over the law we asked the trustees to respond to," she said. "I don't know how this site would not be considered anti-Semitic by the ADL, or any other group, but our question remains to be answered. If they gave him permission to use the site, then the university should be held accountable, and it should answer to the Jewish community, which would find this intolerable, an outrage, and would use our consumer powers to keep kids away from their school," she said, noting that AMCHA has received email copies of more than 100 angry letters from its supporters, encouraging the university's trustees to come out against Klein.
"Or, if the university did not give him permission, then Klein used the university name in connection with the support of a boycott, in violation of the California Education Code 89005.5 law, and could be guilty of a misdemeanor, at least — either way, the university should answer us, one way or the other," Rossman-Benjamin said.
She said their goal is to hold the university accountable for its actions, or inaction, and noted that of its past three presidents, two were Jewish, and one, provost and interim president Harry Hellenbrand, actually came out in support of Klein, putting his name to a petition condemning Israel, writing a letter to the school's faculty (on university email), condemning those who objected to his website, and inviting well-known anti-Israel authors, including Norman Finkelstein and Ilan Pappe, to speak to students on campus.
Rossman-Benjamin, a Hebrew lecturer at University of California-Santa Cruz, said Klein, who did not respond to The Algemeiner's telephone or email messages asking for comment, has attacked her personally in the blogosphere, though they have never met. What drew her involvement into the fray was an event at her own campus, in 2007, where she first encountered academic anti-Semitism that she says is fueling the vilification of Israel on a global level.
"There was a conference, now just six years ago, which is an amazingly short time, when five academics, including two real superstars of their fields, were invited to campus for a lecture called, 'An Alternative History In and Beyond Zionism,'" she said.
"This was not a fringe event, but co-sponsored by eight faculty departments, and I listened to the most racist and Nazi claims I had ever heard in my life, with seminars on 'How to Wage a Successful Divestment Campaign on Your Campus' and lectures calling for the elimination of the Jewish state. And nobody batted an eye."
"Within a few years, that conference has replicated itself dozens of times, and things that were once considered completely outrageous, and really beyond the pale, are now acceptable," she said.
"We founded AMCHA, which means 'your people' in Hebrew, as university teachers who understand the source of the problem is coming from the academy, and the key to resolving it is to understand who holds the power on campus, the top administrators. We know how to pinpoint who we address to get things done, the leaders, the regents, the trustees, though they have every reason not to listen, we're applying public pressure from the Jewish community, the parents who send children to study at these schools, alumni who donate to the schools, taxpayers who fund the schools, to force them to act."
"They need to feel the pressure, and as a community we've been very remiss at expressing the outrage," she said. "We're reticent, and, by and large, our major Jewish organizations are not leading the charge, they just simply are not. There's a real failure of leadership, a vacuum, and we stepped forward to help, to identify, and pinpoint and focus on these problems facing Jews, here in California, and around the world."
Rossman-Benjamin called on all Jews to visit Klein's website, judge it for themselves, and "use their voices to bring about change."