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To see Global Grade 3's original post click on this title Rock Museum.
Global Grade 3 and National Fossil Day
To see Global Grade 3's post, click the link blow...
Investigating Fossils
Life can be full of wonder and discovery if we only keep our minds and senses open to the world around us.
Some Fossils In My Collection
Hi there!
I didn't think I would be preparing another extended comment for you so soon but you wrote a post about one of my favourite topics, fossils. I thought I would write a post so I could share photos of some fossils in my collection and links to other posts written on this blog.
At the end of this post, I have added links to some other posts I have written about fossils and dinosaurs.
Some of my favourite fossils I collected.
Being able to find your own fossils makes a specimen more special because you could be the first person to have seen it.
The sample below was collected from a dolomite quarry. You can still see the remains of the original shell but the soft parts of the animal have been replaced by dolomite. This shell belonged to an animal living perhaps 30,000 years ago.
The next dolomite stone was found when I was walking along a beach. You can see it has been rounded by wave action and rubbing against other rocks. In it are the remains of small shellfish. I can stlll find small shells similar to these on beaches today.
Below is part of a fossilised tree trunk I found when looking over a rockfall. I only have this section but I always wondered if the entire tree was somewhere in the tonnes of rock in the rockfall. According to my geological map, this fossil may have been a living tree perhaps 200 million years ago.
I don't know when the rockfall happened but I had also been to the same place before part of the cliff above gave way.
WARNING: unstable areas can be very dangerous. I only examined the edges of the rockfall and kept well away from the cliff area.
In the next fossil we see a leaf in the middle and a piece of a branch below it. As it was found in the same rockfall as the fossilised tree trunk above, it may have come from the same tree.
And some favourites I purchased...
Fossiled ammonite shell. Ammonites lived in the ocean from about 400 million to 65 million years ago.
This ammonite fossil shell has been cut in half and polished to show the chambers inside the shell.
Dinosaur coprolite from U.S.A. Did you know it can be possible for scientists to find what animals had eaten from coprolite samples? This was from a herbivore dinosaur. It may only be a coprolite but it is my only real dinosaur fossil.
Trilobite - Species of trilobites roamed the oceans from about 500 to 250 million years ago.
I've included the photo below but it isn't a fossil. It is a piece of wood from a New Zealand kauri tree found in a swamp. Because of the quality of the timber and the lack of oxygen in the swamp, it had been preserved but you can see the writing printed on the timber telling us it has been carbon dated to 44500 years. Imagine, it's over 40000 years old but looks as though it has been cut from a modern tree. Kauri trees are still found in New Zealand forests today.
Below is a photo of a kauri tree I had taken in 1986. It is known as Tane Mahuta. It's thought to be between 1250 and 2500 years old but is still alive. It's the largest kauri tree known to be standing in New Zealand. In the Maori language, Tane Mahuta means "Lord of the Forest".
Some of the most interesting dinosaur fossils found are those of dinosaur eggs. Look at the photo below. It shows dinosaur eggs in a nest so we know at least some dinosaurs had nesting grounds for their eggs. Can you imagine seeing a heard of nesting dinosaurs caring for their eggs?
And now for something a little different.
Below is a photo of a toy dinosaur egg.
When placed in water and left, the egg starts to open and the toy dinosaur can be seen hatching. It grows (swells) in the water. It can take up to one week so I might have to top up the water. According to the information sheet, the dinosaur in this egg is named Matilda and is a Diamantinasaurus matildae. The diamantinasaurus is an Australian dinosaur. Fossils were found in the Australian state of Queensland.
I don't know whether to try it or not because I like the secret inside being a secret.
Would you hatch it if you had one?
It's only through fossils and other remains we can start to discover animals and plants from the past. As examples, some are simply washed out of the ground in storms, some uncovered in mining, and some are seen after rockfalls. Back in 1984, I visited Naracoorte's Victoria Fossil Cave in South Australia. Animals had wandered into the cave, become lost and died. Paleontologists had been digging and found, amongst other animals, the remains of an extinct kangaroo species as well as diprotodon (a little like a huge wombat). Here is a photo of the dig site back in 1984..
I checked Wikipedia to see what they have since discovered and found Wikimedia Commons has a wonderful public domain photo taken in the cave in 2006. It shows thylacoleo skeleton. This was an extinct carnivorous marsupial. Being a marsupial, the females would have had pouches for their young.
And now for a little gift I posted to you today...
I have just finished collecting cards from a new series named "Ancient Animals". I thought you might like one of the sets for your class. It has 81 cards on different types of animals from the past. It does come with a special magnifying glass with a UV light to show secret information on some of the cards. I had to put the UV magnifying glass in a small box to keep it safer. Both were posted on October 16. If all goes well and both parcels reach you, I wonder how long they will take and whether the book or magnifying glass arrives first?
It was back in 2012 I wrote a post about fossils for the Global Grade 3. They would probably be Grade 6 now. Here is a link...
My Fossils for Global Grade 3
I've included links to posts I wrote after a visit the the National Dinosaur Museum in Canberra, Australia's capital city.
What the Dino Saw
What the Dino Saw Next
All of the knowledge in the world is of no use unless it's used to help, and is shared with, others.
What the Dino Saw Next… dinosaurs for Year 1/2… National Dinosaur Museum, Canberra
Click to go back to "What the Dino Saw"
The displays shown on this blog post were photographed/filmed in April, 2014. Displays can change over time.
Things to remember:
We don't really know what colours dinosaurs were. Fossils don't show colour. The colours you see are guesses.
We don't know what sounds the dinosaurs made. Like colour, the sounds are also guesses.
Scientists can make guesses about how dinosaurs looked by looking at fossils.
You have survived going through the dinosaur's mouth so let's see what's next in the Canberra's National Dinosaur Museum. Have you heard the song "Never Smile at a Crocodile". The smiling skull you see when you enter is a deinosuchus. Below it you can see a crocodile skull. Deinosuchus is related to an alligator and is not a dinosaur but it was very big.
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Now meet your first inside dinosaur. It is a raptor like the velociraptor but bigger.
Some of the dinosaurs in the museum can move. Click on the video below to see the moving utahraptor...
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As we walk inside, there is a discovery area for hands on investigation at the left and a shop on the right but our journey is up the stairs to see the dinosaurs. Look up as you climb the stairs and you will see flying reptiles. They are not dinosaurs but soared through the sky when dinosaurs were around.
Click on the video below to see one of the flying reptiles move.
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Now you're on the top floor, there are many dinosaurs and other creatures to see. Here are a few...
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Click on the video below to see the carnotaurus move...
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Click on the video below to see the spinosaurus move...
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Click on the video below to see the iguanodon move...
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Tyrannosaurus Rex
Click on the video below to see the tyrannosaurus rex move...
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Now, a question for you. Look at the picture of a spinosaurus below. Underneath the spinosaurus are photos of four replica dinosaur teeth. Can you guess which replica tooth belongs to the spinosaurus?
Once you have decided which tooth belongs to a spinosaur, click the link to show the answer...
I've made my guess.
What the Dino Saw… dinosaurs for Year 1/2… National Dinosaur Museum, Canberra
The photos and videos were taken in April, 2014. The displays may have had changes if you visit Canberra's National Dinosaur Museum.
Hello everyone,
I know you are interested in dinosaurs and wanted to learn something about them. Let's start with a visit to Canberra's National Dinosaur Museum. When you arrive, you can see dinosaurs waiting to greet you.
Let's meet some of the dinosaurs waiting outside the museum. If you want to learn more about one of them, you can click on their names under the photo and it will take you to an information page about the dinosaur.
Let's start with an old favourite...
...for more information click the link below...
Tyrannosaurus Rex
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You may know the tyrannosaurus rex was a carnivore. It ate meat but do you know the meat eating dinosaur below?
...for more information click the link below...
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Not all meat eating dinosaurs were as big as these. Did you know there were smaller dinosaurs who would hunt together? Velociraptors might only be 60cm high and 1.6m long but the Utahraptor was bigger. Let's meet a Utahraptor.
...for more information click the link below...
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Not all dinosaurs were meat eaters.
...for more information click the link below...
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...for more information click the link below...
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...for more information click the link below...
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There were also reptiles that could fly. While not dinosaurs, they soared through the skies...
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Now let me show you around the inside of the National Dinosaur Museum. Click on the photo below to go to the next post and see inside the museum...
Things to remember:
We don't really know what colours dinosaurs were. Fossils don't show colour. The colours you see are guesses.
We don't know what sounds the dinosaurs made. Like colour, the sounds are also guesses.
Scientists can make guesses about how dinosaurs looked by looking at fossils.
Curious Keira asked about geology
To see the 2013 post where Keira left her comment and questions...
What Stone Is That?- A Follow Up Post for Keira
Hello Keira,
In one of your comments you mentioned you had a plethora of questions. A superabundance of questions is the sign of an inquiring mind. It seems as though your questions have turned from astronomy to geology. As before, your words will appear in bold blue text.
Since the day I found the rock that you mentioned in the post at a camping site, I have treasured it. Recently, I went camping at the same exact site, and I found many more rocks that seem to have some kind of beautiful mineral inside of it. In fact, I collected a rock that is made out of all gem. I am a little disappointed that in comments, you cannot post pictures with the text. If I could, I would take a picture of all the rocks I collected so you could see them for yourself.
You have discovered the reason this blog was formed. I also found comments on blogs generally couldn't include photos, videos or sound and were limited to only one link. A blog allows it all providing we know about being safe online.
When I stumble upon an interesting rock, I tend to have the instinct to pick it up. I know that you probably have that same instinct too, because you are like a walking encyclopedia, always gathering up new information. I said this because I wanted to know if you have either found or bought any new rocks yet. I also want to know which one you most likely do to collect rocks: Do you buy them from rock sellers more often, or do you collect them on your own outside more?
While I have collected rocks in the field, I am unable to travel as much as I once had so these days I am more often to buy samples if I find them interesting. I have recently added some interesting stones. See if you find these samples interesting…
The first photo shows flourite (calcium flourine) crystals. The green mat they're on have 1cm squares so you can see their size. Each crystal has 8 facets (faces), i.e. they are octahedral crystals. They have not been cut. A collector was selling some of his samples at a local country show.
In my area, different towns have markets on weekends. When visiting one, I found a man was selling geodes from Queensland. While I already had some, I was fascinated by this sample because it looks as though two fused together when they were formed perhaps 200 million years ago.
Here is one from my collection that has been broken open. They aren't as impressive as my Brazilian geodes but I like the Australian samples because they are from home.
I have yet a few more questions to ask you. Have you ever found a rock from a volcano? I think it would be most likely that you have because, in one of your posts, you said that you had seen a few volcanoes erupt. If, a couple months later, you had gone down to examine the area near the volcano, and you found a interesting rock, I think you would have kept it and put it in your collection. I know that if I found one, I would definitely keep it.
When collecting any stones, we must be aware whether or not we are in national parks where we are not permitted to collect stones and rocks. There are places where you can collect stones, including igneous (volcanic) rocks. When I can, I have collected stones but I have also bought many.
My favourite item from a volcanic area in New Zealand was collected by me (with permission). It was collected near a fumarole where the sulphur (U.S. spelling: sulfur) crystals were forming. Because sulphur crystals break down and lose their shine if exposed to water or moist air, the below sample has been kept in a perspex box since I found it over 30 years ago. The crystals still shine as you can see.
I have already written a number of posts on volcanoes. Below are links to some of the first posts written for this blog back in 2012...
Volcanoes Post 1
Scree and Obsidian
Aa and Pahoehoe from Hawaii
Pumice and New Zealand Iron Sands
Geological Hot Spots
New Zealand
Final Volcano Post
Another question is have you ever been in a cave where jewels were growing naturally? I asked that question because I heard on a science show that people can explore caves with jewels in them. I doubt that you have ever been in one, but I can not know for sure until you tell me the answer. If you have been in one, what kind of minerals did you see?
A cave of jewels… what a wonderful thought reminding me of the first time I saw the 7 dwarfs working in the jewel mine in Disney's "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" when I was about your age. I dreamed of finding such a mine back then but I know finding a mine with gem quality stones is hard enough without expecting more than one type of gem. A diamond mine would be nice. 🙂
Below is an item in my collection measuring 5cm diameter across the top. Unfortunately, it is only a glass replica.
I have been in gold mines, coal mines and a couple other mines but the closest to a jewel mine would have been an opal mine. There are mines all over the world where jewels are found, some very unsafe for the miners. I only enter mines welcoming visitors on guided tours.
Perhaps Australia's most famous jewel mine is the Argyle Diamond Mine in Western Australia. It is an open cut mine where they dig down making valleys not dig tunnels. Here is a link to their website.
Argyle Diamond Mine
You might know diamonds can be different colours other than clear. Argyle's most famous colour is pink. Click on the link below to see some of the colours in Argyle diamonds…
Argyle Pink Diamonds
This is the last question I have before the last question I want to ask you. I want to ask you if you have ever mined any type of mineral. If so, what did you mine?
When out hunting for stones, I often have my geologists hammer with me. The pointy end is use to chip into rocks and the flat end to break rocks. You could say I have used this in mining in a small way. The picture is below…
I have also panned for gold in old gold fields and hunted for rocks, crystals and fossils in many locations.
Some of this sample has been panned by me. Much was bought.
I bought this sample of gold in quartz from a place called Hill End where there was an active gold mine. I have been in a mine in the area but not the active mine.
A gold nugget from New Zealand, it is about 1.5cm across.
The two fossils below were found by me at a rock fall site many years ago. The first shows a fossilised leaf and the second is part of a fossilised tree trunk.
In this sample I picked up, you can see shells in the stone. Rather than fossils, they are still real shells embedded in stone.
I picked up the following shell embedded in rock from an open cut mine.
Finally, I want to ask you if you have ever cut a rock open and discovered gems inside?
A gem is a stone used in jewellery so it can be anything from quartz to diamonds, emeralds and rubies. I have found quartz and amethyst in rocks as well as in rivers where they have been washed. Some of my stones are of gem quality but I have never found anything really valuable.
This quartz crystal sample might be of gem quality in part if it was cut but I like it as it is.
As you said in your post, you do not have a diamond cutter, but have you ever used one? If so, was it hard to cut the stone open?
I have seen them used but I haven't used one. It's a skill to be able to cut a stone well. I have stones I collected so I could use them if I had access to a diamond saw. They are known as chert and are reasonably easy to cut and polish but aren't worth much. My samples have colour bands through them so they might look good cut, shaped and polished into cabachons.
Diamonds are not made into cabachons nor are other gems such as emerald and rubies. They are faceted. This means they are cut and polished to have faces. Turquoise, agate and opal are examples of stone often made into cabachons. Look at the images of assorted cabachons below.
A diamond saw is used on most stones, diamond being the hardest stone we can find. It uses a special saw blade embedded with diamonds. Before you think this is a waste of diamonds, most diamonds found are not of gem quality. They are industrial quality. I have seen websites selling these low quality diamonds for as little as $120 to $180 per kilogram.
If you have never cut a stone open, would you ever like to cut one of your stones open?
While I would like to be able to cut my own stones, time to do so and the money to buy the equipment means this isn't possible. I have broken open some samples to look inside but mostly I keep them as I found them. One of the problems with being interested in so many things is finding the time to do them all but it is fun doing what I can.
Keira also had questions on a geology post. Here are some possible answers...
Curious Keira Asked About Geology
Daniel wondered about the evolution of emus and other things
Daniel had some wonders about emus. A simple answer wouldn't have allowed me to share the information I had…
Hi Ross! I liked how you wrote each of us a comment. Thank you for sending us the animal cards because we got more wonders. What did the emus evolve from and what is the tallest bird? I wonder how the real name of the emu is pronounced. How can you tell the difference between a male emu and a female emu? If you didn't send us the cards, I wouldn't know that emus swim! Which continent is Polynesia on? We are so lucky that we blog with you, Ross!
Daniel, what wonderful wonders!
As can sometimes happen, a comment can lead to a post so let's see if I can answer your questions. I like challenges. 🙂
Let's work backwards through your questions.
1. Which continent is Polynesia on?
Polynesia isn't a continent. It is a collection of over 1000 islands in the Pacific Ocean. It includes Hawaii in the north, Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in the east, Tonga in the west and New Zealand in the south-west. The traditional people of the islands are known as Polynesian. Having heard the Maoris of New Zealand speaking their language, I have also visited Hawaii. Despite the two sets of islands being so far apart, I was able to recognise words similar to each area. Polynesians share similarities in culture and language.
As well as Polynesia, there are two other major Pacific island groups, Micronesia and Melanesia. Melanesia includes New Guinea to the north of Australia. Australia isn't part of these groups as it is both the world's largest island and smallest continent. The many cultures of the traditional people of Australia are very different to Micronesians, Melanesians and Polynesians.
A Maori in traditional clothing.
2. What is the tallest bird?
The heaviest and tallest living birds are ostriches, native to Africa. They can weigh over 156kg and the males can be as tall as 2.8m. Next on the list are southern cassowaries found in northern Australia. Emus come along in 3rd place. The northern cassowary found in New Guinea comes in fourth. I have seen emus in the wild. I have only seen cassowaries and ostriches in zoos. Here is a Wikipedia link…
List of Largest Birds
When the Maoris first arrived in New Zealand (aka Aotearoa), they found a very large flightless native bird known as the moa. Look at the photo below of a reconstruction of the moa based on evidence from bones and fossils...
I photographed this moa in New Zealand's Auckland Museum. There were nine species of moas, this being one of the largest two. They could reach about 3.6m in height and weigh about 230kg.With the emus reaching up to only about 2m, the largest moas would have towered over them.
But these weren't the largest known birds to have ever lived. Does a bird thought to be more than 3m tall and weighing around 400kg sound big? Here a link to an extinct giant bird… Elephant Bird
3.How can you tell the difference between male and female emus?
emu (eem-you)
The most important answer to this question is the birds can but let's see what I can find to help us. By looking at the photo above, I can't tell the difference between the male and female emus. They look very alike but it seems they can sound different. Males can grunt a little like a pig and, if they're caring for chicks, can whistle to their chicks whereas females make a more booming sound.
When I look at emus, I try to imagine them featherless with teeth in their beaks. When I do this, I imagine something like a dinosaur. Look at the photo of a dinosaur skeleton I photographed when at a museum in London. It has a long tail and clawed upper arms whereas emus have a short tail and stumpy wings we don't notice because of their feathers but there are similarities such as in their feet and the way they moved. I suspect the dinosaur was a fast runner and I know emus can run at up to 50 kilometres per hour as I have been driving a car and slowed to see how fast nearby emus were running.
Of course, looking something alike doesn't mean they are alike. There can be similarities between very different animals simply because they need to do similar things so let's look at some ideas on the evolution of birds.
4. Where did emus evolve from?
The Evolution of Birds
For a long time people thought all of the dinosaurs died out with the great extinction caused by a large meteorite hitting Earth but we now believe this wasn't completely so. We know the large dinosaurs couldn't survive the changes in the Earth but early mammals survived because they were small and fur covered. Fossils have shown this but what about the small dinosaurs?
I have seen information on two main types of dinosaurs...
No, I didn't take the dinosaur photo when I was young. In 1989, I visited a dinosaur display. 🙂
the sauropods (lizard-footed) including the largest dinosaurs (one is pictured above)… Sauropods
and the ornithopods (bird-footed)... Ornithopods
By their names, you might think we would be looking at ornithopods but it's the sauropods I find most interesting, as it seems these dinosaurs include the ancestors of birds.
A type of sauropod dinosaur are the therapods (beast-footed)... Therapods
Could some dinosaurs fly?
Look at the photos I had taken when a "DInosaurs of China" collection visited Sydney in 1983...
This high quality fossil from China shows a winged reptile and the photo below shows a reconstruction of how they may have looked. These fliers weren't dinosaurs although many think of them as being dinosaurs. They were not the ancestors of birds.
We had no evidence dinosaurs had feathers until a very fine fossil was found in 1861, an archaeopteryx (are-key-op-ter-ix). Look closely at the photo below and you will see the fossil below is so fine you can see feathers yet it appears to have claws on its wings. This was not the fossil of a flying reptile. If the feathers hadn't been present, it would most likely to have been thought to be a small sauropod dinosaur. After the fossil was discovered, we could see a link between the dinosaurs and birds.
In the photo below, you will see how the archaeopteryx might have looked. Fossils don't preserve colour so the colours are only guesses but sometimes ancient feathers have been discovered in amber and can show colour. Because feathers trapped in amber are rare, scientists can't test them without destroying them to find out more but they have been found to be very old feathers.
Since the discovery of the archaeopteryx, more examples of fossils appearing to have feathers have been found...
Feathered dinosaurs
Scroll down the link and you will see a diagram known as a cladogram. The diagram shows a clade. Clades show an ancestor and all of its descendants sort of like a family tree humans use to show their family. Notice the ancient ancestor starts with therapods and leads to birds?
All dinosaurs didn't become extinct, some evolved into the birds we see today.
Do any modern birds have claws?
I once wondered if any modern birds had clawed wings and the answer was no until I read about the hoatzin of South America. The hoatzin is also known as the "stinkbird" which gives us the idea it is a little smelly.
What interested me was its chicks. The chicks have two claws on each wing to help them climb around the trees where they live but they are true birds and not left over from the dinosaur days. The young lose the claws as they become adults. Below is a photo of a hoatzin chick I found on Wikimedia Commons where it is listed as in the public domain.
The Evolution of the Emu
Science tends to classify birds into orders and into further groups within orders. For the emu, it is grouped with other ratites, or flightless birds including the ostrich, cassowary and New Zealand's moa and kiwi. In the link below, you will see another cladogram, this time of birds. The ratites come off very early on and are separate from all other birds so you could say they are closer to the first birds to have evolved.
Classification of Modern Bird Orders
One last photo, this time a close up look at the emu's legs...
Emus are modern birds and not dinosaurs but, when I watch them walk, I can imagine them being dinosaurs striding or running across the land perhaps being chased by a carnivorous dinosaur. What do you think?
Life but not as we know it – for Keira and Heather wondering if we might be Martians changed into humans
Hello Heather and Keira,
Firstly, let me apologise for taking two weeks to reply to your question. It has been a very busy time working on a project for a choir but I now have two weeks before the next project starts so it's time to catch up.
I now have another post for you but it may be challenging to understand some of its content. I have found the more I learn, the more I realise how little I know. Checking ideas and information for you and others when I write a post can often challenge my understanding but its by challenging ourselves to understand we can learn.
Back on the "How did Earth begin?" post I tried to answer your challenge. Like all good enquiring minds, one idea can lead to another so, in the comments section, you added...
In one of the paragraphs, we noticed that you talked about possible life on Mars. Keira thinks that over time, the sun will come too close to Earth, and Earth might shatter. That might be a possibility. There is one problem though. Martians could have died, but Mars didn't shatter. Do you think that WE are Martians CHANGED into human?
Our minds can be a very powerful weapon against ignorance when we have curiosity and a will to find answers. This is particularly important for science as it tries to find the answers to questions. As lovers of science, your curiosity can lead you in all sorts of directions. I know mine does as I try to find answers. Let's look at a simple answer...
Do you think that WE are Martians CHANGED into human?
It's possible.
Too quick an answer?
Let's put it this way, I'm not comfortable completely ruling out many ideas. It is possible first life on Earth came from Mars but I don't think it's likely.
Here's some mind blowing maths for you. Just say you shuffled a deck of playing cards and put four down on the table...
When you put down the first card, the chances of it being a 7 of Diamonds is 1 in 52 because there is only one 7 of Diamonds in a deck of 52 cards. To then put down a 3 of Clubs, the chances are 1 in 51 because there were 51 cards left. For the King of Spades, it's one in 50 and, for the 10 of hearts, 1 in 49. So what is the chance of dealing just those four cards in that order from any normal deck of cards...
The chance of dealing those exact cards in that order is only 1 in 6,497,400 ... (52 x 51 x 50 x 49 = 6,497,400). It's not very likely we would get those exact four cards in that order if we shuffled and dealt four cards again but it is possible. Of course, a magician or a card trickster could cheat to get the results over and over but then the cards aren't random.
This type of maths looks at probability, i.e. chances of something happening. If we only have one card and it's the King of Clubs, the chances of dealing a King of Clubs is one in one or 100%. The chances of dealing a 7 of Diamonds is zero in one or 0% because we don't have that card. Can't maths be amazing?
For really mind blowing maths, go to the end of this post where I work out the chances of dealing out all 52 cards in an exact order, at least if I have the maths correct.
Where Did Life On Earth Come From?
I know of two main ideas for the origin of life according to science.
1. The Primordial Soup
This idea suggests billions of years ago, chemicals became concentrated (thicker) in pools of water (the primordial soup). By chance, these chemicals were able to form amino acids (the basis of life including us). In time, they combined to make more complex compounds and eventually life. This process is known as abiogenesis.
The chances of life in this way would be seen as very unlikely but, if this process is correct, it did happen. Look again at the card example in "The REALLY Mind Blowing Maths" at the end of this post. The order of cards I dealt was very unlikely but it did happen.
2. Panspermia
Some theorists suggest life might have evolved elsewhere and was brought to Earth on meteorites (Panspermia). This might be better suited to the idea life on Earth started on Mars. If life had started on Mars, a meteor strike might have thrown Mars rock into space and it may have made it to Earth but, then again, life on Earth and Mars might have come from anywhere in space. Remember, if it was life, it would have been very simple, possibly single cells, not animals like us.
No, if you watch the video clip to the end, I don't believe aliens are experimenting with us. It is possible but very unlikely. 🙂
What does Ross think?
The first idea can explain how life itself could have started, whether here or somewhere else in the universe. The second suggests how life might have made it to many places in the universe. Think of it, life might have started in many places in the universe and been spread to the stars, or at least their planets.
Did Mars Once Have Oceans and Rivers?
One of the important resources for life as we know it is liquid water. There is evidence rivers, lakes and oceans once flowed on Mars but liquid water hasn't been seen on Mars. Much of the water was probably lost to space long ago. There is plenty of evidence water as ice is found at the Martian poles and growing evidence it is to be found in the rocks and soils so life may well exist there waiting to be discovered but don't expect anything like animals running around. It's very unlikely intelligent life ever existed on Mars but is likely life did and/or does exist.
You have questioning minds so I suspect you're wondering, what happened to the Martian oceans and rivers?
Here is a video looking at the way Mars may have lost much of its atmosphere...
You may have understood the idea energy from the sun (the solar wind) caused Mars to lose most of its atmosphere so you might wonder why this didn't happen here on Earth.
Why did Earth keep its thick atmosphere while Mars lost much of its atmosphere?
Let's first look at the photo I prepared for you. It's made by placing a magnet under a piece of paper then sprinkling iron sand over the paper.
The lines you can see in the sand help us see the magnetic field of the magnet. You can see the lines run from one end to the other of the magnet. The Earth also has a magnetic field because of its rotating iron core in its centre. The iron core helps create a much stronger magnetic field than on Mars. It protects us from much of the solar wind. Think it of a little like an umbrella in the rain.
Earth's umbrella (magnetic field) is stronger than that of Mars so we get better protection. Below is a NASA diagram showing the magnetic field of Earth. If Earth's centre cooled and slowed reducing our magnetic field or solar wind became stronger, Earth would also eventually lose much of its atmosphere.
Keira thinks that over time, the sun will come too close to Earth, and Earth might shatter. That might be a possibility. There is one problem though. Martians could have died, but Mars didn't shatter.
Watch this video clip...
In this model of Earth's future, the Earth would eventually be pulled towards the sun and, in a sense, "shatter". Its matter would turn to plasma, a major part of the sun. I have shown Mars didn't lose much of its atmosphere because it shattered, it was lost because it didn't have a strong enough magnetic field to protect it in the way Earth is protected.
I found another video but it is harder for you to understand. It was made by a college student as an assignment looking at the life of the sun. At the stage where our sun becomes a red giant life would no longer be possible on Earth but we are looking billions of years into the future. In this model, it's not so much that the sun comes closer, it grows larger.
What will really happen in the Earth's future? Trying to find answers to what, how and why is the reason science is so interesting. We can observe, gather data, carry out experiments, discuss our ideas with others... When we have enough evidence, we can make an hypothesis (the next step up from an idea). If others find evidence supporting our hypothesis, it can take the next step and become a theory. Theories are the strongest ideas because they have much evidence to support them.
What's my idea about Earth's future? Perhaps when the sun starts threatening life on Earth, someone will press the reset button and the sun will return to a safer stage but that's even less likely than dealing the cards in the exact order below five times in a row. 🙂
The REALLY Mind Blowing Maths
Okay, the card maths at the beginning of this post seems mind blowing but it gave me an idea. If I was to deal out all 52 cards from a shuffled deck...
then shuffled the cards and asked you to deal them out in that same exact order, what would the chances be of dealing all 52 cards out one at a time in exact order without cheating or using magician tricks? Here would be the calculation...
Chance of dealing all 52 cards in an exact order = 52 x 51 x 50 x 49 x 48 x 47 x 46 x 45 x 44 x 43 x 42 x 41 x 40 x 39 x 38 x 37 x 36 x 35 x 34 x 33 x 32 x 31 x 30 x 29 x 28 x 27 x 26 x 25 x 24 x 23 x 22 x 21 x 20 x 19 x 18 x 17 x 16 x 15 x 14 x 13 x 12 x 11 x 10 x 9 x 8 x 7 x 6 x 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1
and what answer did I get?
The chances are one in ~80,658,200,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,
In maths, the tilda (~) is used to mean approximately (about).
The chances of dealing all 52 cards in an exact order is so small most would think it's impossible but I had done it the first time and, by chance, you might be able to do it but it isn't very likely. 🙂
Something Special from Canada
For the students who sent me a kind gift. Here is a link to their blog...
Battalion Hawk Bloggers
Hello Battalion Hawk Bloggers,
Well, it did take some time for the parcel to arrive but, as you already know, it finally appeared. Here is what I found inside...
A clapper board to help me align video clips.
A packet of chalk so I can write on the board.
Three rock samples bearing fossils.
Just by chance, later the same day your parcel arrived I had a phone call. I was asked if I was willing to video the opening performance of the Candelo Village Festival. I agreed and realised I had the chance to use the clapper board very soon after receiving it.
This also presented me with another idea, I had a blog where little had been posted as I didn't have a strong use for it. I cleared away some old posts, some of which ended up on this blog because they were my earliest extended comments. After reorganising the layout and content, I renamed it...
Exploring Ideas: How to and why… A look at blogging, graphics and activities
The idea is to use this blog when I explain how or why I do things the way I do. I left two posts from March, 2012 because they looked at how to write a googol (special number where 1 is followed by 100 zeroes) and how I approach writing a story, particularly long ones.
Your gift gave me an idea for the first post made especially for the blog. It tells how I used the clapper board. I have included a video clip I made for you showing me use the clapper board to mark the film position. I also included 15 seconds of a performance so you can hear a little of my experience on the evening of Friday (April 12).
The people have been deliberately blurred for privacy reasons. You will not have heard the song before as the music festival opening included original works by local composer/musicians. Here is the link to the first real "How to and Why" post...
Aligning Video Clips
Now, let's look at the rocks you sent. There were the three stones and something sounding fossil-like. I'll explain shortly...
Crinoid or Corallite Fossils?
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Both suggestions people made through Twitter seem reasonable and both types of creatures still exit in our oceans today. Of the two choices, I would favour crinoid-like fossils but, remember, I am not an expert so this is only my opinion. There is a third option I might add soon. Let's look at the two choices...
(Wikipedia reference: Scleractinia )
This is a Wikimedia Commons image of one type of hard coral taken by Nhobgood
Corallite, if I have my information correct, is the fossilised remains of stony corals. When you look at photos, you can see they are well formed, rock-like structures so I would expect fossils of them to include a more regular pattern than in the samples you sent (see the photo below). Of course, it is also possible what you see in the rocks are broken bits of coral cemented together in the way sedimentary rocks can form.
Below is a photo of a piece of coral I found washed up on the shore in Queensland. It came from the Great Barrier Reef. Can you see the pattern of openings where coral polyps once lived?
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
(Wikipedia reference: Crinoid )
This is a Wikimedia Commons image of one type of crinoid taken by Alexander Vesanin
Crinoids tend to have small tube-like structures that could be what we see in the stones. There have been some beautiful, almost complete crinoid fossils found. What you see could also be the remains of small shellfish, i.e. their shells (see the photo below). I don't know what rocks are native to your area but, whatever, the stones you sent will now take their place in my rocks and minerals collection. They are my first from Canada. 🙂
Below is a rock I picked up on a beach. You can see, like the samples you sent, it has been rounded by water action. Can you see the shell fossils embedded in it? In these cases, you can see the shell was from spiral shell type similar to ones I sometimes find washed up on our beaches.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Did I say "something sounding fossil-like" back there? I'll explain.
You know my mind tends to wander in many directions and this is what happened when I saw the packet of chalk. The question came to mind, "What is chalk?" I thought I would share my answer with you.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Location: Dover, England
I took the above photo when I was in Dover in England. It shows the famous White Cliffs of Dover. The cliffs are chalk but what exactly is chalk?
Here is a quote from Wikipedia...
"Chalk is a soft, white, porous sedimentary rock, a form of limestone composed of the mineral calcite. Calcite is calcium carbonate or CaCO3. It forms under reasonably deep marine conditions from the gradual accumulation of minute calcite plates (coccoliths) shed from micro-organisms called coccolithophores."
(Wikipedia Reference: Chalk )
What this means is chalk has formed under the ocean from the remains of algae so tiny you would need a microscope to examine them properly. Can you imagine the cliffs of chalk in the above photo would have involved many billions of these tiny organisms over a very long time?
Is this the same chalk you sent? While it could be, much of the blackboard chalk manufactured today is made from a stone called gypsum. Below is a photo of gypsum from my collection. This particular piece is known as rose gypsum because of its appearance. (It is shown glued onto a shell for display.)
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
What was the third option for the stones you sent?
I can be a very curious person when seeing something interesting. This is what happened when I was looking at the rocks.
I suspected I might not be looking at fossils in rock at all so I broke open the smallest piece of stone so I could examine its centre. I found the stone was made of small crystals. Below is a graphic showing four photos I took of one of the pieces of the small stone. Can you see the shine of the small crystals?
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Now I was really curious because I suspected the stone wasn't fossil bearing sedimentary rock. I thought it might actually be igneous rock, i.e. volcanic rock. I spent more time searching my rocks and minerals books and the internet. I think I might have found what the stones could be. I think they might be diabase (aka dolerite).
Below is a reference for diabase. Visit the site and look at their photo of diabase. Tell me what you think.
Of course, I could be completely wrong but it is fun to try to find answers even if they're sometimes wrong. We can learn from both right and wrong answers if we keep our minds open.
* * * * * * * * * *
I just had an afterthought on rereading this post and thought I'd share. When I broke open the small rock and looked inside, I realised I was the first person to have ever seen what's inside that particular stone and now I'm able to share what I found. In your lives, you will have many first person experiences. Will you recognise them when you do? I wonder if that makes us all curiosity explorers a little like early explorers seeing somewhere for the first time?
My fossils for Global grade 3
To view Global Grade 3′s original post, click below…
Global Grade 3
The following photos were taken because if a promise in a comment I left.
Hello Global Grade 3,
I promised to photograph and share fossils in my rock collection so here they are. There is nothing too spectacular, not even a single dinosaur although I have something connected to them. You'll find some links on the names of the samples if you want to find out more.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Ammonite this time it has been cut to show the inside,
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
DInosaur coprolite from U.S.A.. Coprolites are fossilised animal droppings.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Fossilised leaf. I gathered this at a rock fall. I found it when out hiking.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Petrified wood.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
More petrified wood.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Kauri wood. This is not a fossil. A kauri log was found in a swamp in New Zealand. It was tested and found to be around 44,500 years old but looks as though it was freshly cut. The quality of the wood and the lack of oxygen in the swampy waters probably protected it.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Shell. This is also not a fossil. The shell was found in a quarry in South Australia. The rocks are thought to be about 30,000 years old.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Another shell from the same rock deposit.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.
Tree fossil. It seems to have come from rock about 220 million years old. If you can see the blacker colour on the front of this fossil, that's coal formed from the original tree. I suspect the tree was covered perhaps because of flood. In time the wood was replaced by minerals. You can see it's reasonably large.
Schools and students have permission to use this graphic for non-commercial, educational purposes.


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I eat this kinda shit up. Below, via this, is the top 20 cities ranked by number of twitter users:
It ranks by whether or not a user has put in their location, which skews things a bit (I don't have a location in my profile, for example, though is more due to the fact that I don't have a location), but its nonetheless interesting for anyone mildly obsessed with lists based on geography.
Some brief data analysis:
If you think in terms of population, cities like San Francisco, Boston, Austin, Seattle, and Portland have way more per-capita twitterers than say, New York, which actually falls behind Chicago, a city with about a quarter its population (if you go by city proper populations). Seattle is the 24th largest city in the US, and Portland the 30th. But they have 5th and 11th highest amount of twitterers.
Now, this gets complicated by how people decide what city are "located in." The fact that Brooklyn shows up in the top 20, which suggests New Yorkers might be more likely to identify by borough as opposed to the general "New York" umbrella, unlike Chicago or LA – both ranked higher than New York – where residents may be more inclined to not say "West Hollywood" or whatever. Same goes for San Francisco or Boston or Seattle – which may have many residents not technically in its population who consider themselves residents of the city anyway.
But beyond that boring disclaimer… some cities that are light on twitterers? Houston, Dallas, Philadelphia, Phoenix, and San Antonio. All among the top ten most populous cities in the U.S., the first three rank slightly below at 12th, 13th, and 15th, while Phoenix and San Antonio rank 21st and 34th.
Up in Canada, Toronto ranks obviously #1 – with an impressive #6 showing overall (beating cities with twice its population), but Montreal is a bit too cool for Twitter, having Vancouver (a city with half Montreal's population), outrank it exponentially (Montreal is way down at #36).
Twitter doesn't seem to have caught on that much outside English speaking countries. The US, the UK, Canada, Ireland & Australia make up all but four slots on the top 50, with the exceptions being: Paris, Tokyo, Amsterdam and Berlin (although in what I assume is an error, "Scotland, Belize" is ranked 49th).
Anyway, this is a kind of pointless, but fun observation. Pointless especially since I still firmly believe that – in the wise words of The Soup's John McHale – Twitter is the digital macarena.
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subset: commoncrawl


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Arthur Miller would never have married Marilyn Monroe if he had titled his book, "Nervous Breakdown of a Salesman," but that is how I discovered how life is all about Race, Religion, Politics, Sex and Money. I asked to be a salesman because I needed Money and like asking a bank, if you need it don't ask.
After I was fired the first time I joined 40+, listed my ten life accomplishments, practiced interviewing and got another chance to hear, "I hate to let you go." When my demonic boss convinced me to get on my knees and accept Jesus Christ as my Lord and Savior I knew my childhood confusion about religion had caught up with me.
Life is all about Race, Religion, Politics, Sex and Money. Growing up on Mooney Avenue as a Christian Scientist in a fifty-fifty neighborhood of Catholics and Protestants, religion, not race, politics, sex and money was my problem. At Walnut Hills High School, one third Jew, one third Black, one third White I still didn't feel like I fit in and week-daily retreated to Mooney Avenue as soon as the last bell rang. My first three years at the University of Cincinnati I drove, instead of taking the bus, but the routine was the same get home as soon as my last class ended. Twenty-one was my personal emancipation year – voted for Goldwater, joined Sigma Chi Fraternity, moved into the fraternity house, graduated from Sunday school, got drunk, wrecked my '63 Corvette Stingray, took my first aspirin and left my celibate 'emotional geek' lifestyle for the greener hedonist streets beyond Mooney Avenue.
Graduated with a B.S. of Architecture, magnum cum 'skin of my teeth,' joined the US Marine Corps for three years of 'man-up' training, voted for George Wallace, married an adult child of alcoholic German-Catholic parents and moved to nove-cuatro-nove, Avenida Higeninoplis, Sao Paulo, Brasil. A year after our arrival, Jimmy Carter, sent Roslyn and a Black guy from the State Department to preach human rights to Latin America's dictator leaders, giving me my first glimpse of race, religion, politics, sex and money in action overseas.
The money part I learned the hard way, while my engineer co-workers lived within their means my ACAP partner and I augmented my salary with loans from nine different banks. Three years later the jig was up and I returned to Christian Science to save my fiscal ass. It didn't work so I tried attaching an EMBA to my CV and pursuing a sales career which soon brought on my mid-life crash.
My second marriage alleviated my Money and Sex worries so that I could move on to Race and Politics. In my sophomore 'widower' year, I travelled to Eugene, Oregon where they know nothing of Race and everything "off the wall" about Politics. The "Ducks" swim on the most politically active college campus in America, Obama visited three times in his 2008 campaign. Obama memorabilia accounts for one third of the city's GDP, logging reparations and coffee bars make up the remainder. If I'm not mistaken, Obama was the first Black man to visit Oregon.
However, my hedonist underbelly soon relieved me of all the money I brought from Texas and I was forced to run away to China to make ends meet. After four years of whistling past the ATM machine, my 'higher power' took pity on me by sending a thrifty hedonist marriage partner. Our combined 12 years of teaching ESL in China has proven to be our only marketable life skill, and so it is. Our expat lifestyle has demonstrated beyond a reasonable doubt, that life outside the US is hedonist heaven. But even in heaven it's still all about Race, Religion, Politics, Sex and Money.
Our landlord says we are living at Hasim Iscan Mah. 1307 Sok. Muratpasa/Antalya, Turkey 07100, but little does he know that Jane's still at 1506 Muscatine Avenue in Iowa City and I never left 3531 Mooney. I wonder what the Turks think about Race, Religion, Politics, Sex and Money? We'll soon find out. firstname.lastname@example.com


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The Atlantic Ericeira Lodge is a beautiful townhouse from the 1950s, located in a small pedestrian precinct of Ericeira. There are 14 rooms in the house, which radiates an incredible charm. All are lovingly renovated, the furnishings are inspired by the nearby Atlantic Ocean. Additional sea spirit comes from the accessories that decorate the rooms and which the owners have brought along from their long journeys across the sea.
All 14 rooms have access to the simple kitchenette, the reception and the small courtyard from which you can reach the roof terrace with sea view. The rooms can be chosen according to your comfort wishes, some are equipped with bathrooms, others have a shared bathroom.
Tribe Room
No. 1
Curated with a rougher aesthetic, the Tribe Room is a twin room. Scattered with gems of local treasure hunts, luxurious 5-star hotel single beds. The bathroom is located on the other side of the hall and is shared with another room.
Kinfolks Room
No. 7
Boho charm is the Kinfolk room. Driftwood & tassels, rattan headboards with sarongs twisted into pillows are just some of the attractions. Relics from our distant journeys are little treasures in space. The room is equipped with a luxurious 5-star hotel queensize bed and a private bathroom. It faces the courtyard.
Atlantic Suite
No. 8
Designed and individually curated Atlantic Room that combines beach life. Decorated with handmade furniture made of Portuguese cedar, old pieces found and restored, upholstered fabric headboards, luxurious 5-star hotel king size bed and a living room with a queen size sofa bed. The bathroom is located directly across the hall and is shared with another room. This Atlantic Room has a small balcony overlooking the pedestrian zone.
Nomad Room
No. 13
Driftwood, shells and coconut palms inspire the Nomad Room. Superimposed with, shipwrecked of the sea, handmade objects that are combined with fabric upholstered headboards, luxurious 5-star hotel Queensize bed and a bamboo swing. This nomadic room has a large terrace overlooking the cobblestone cobbled street of Rua Mendes Leal. The bathroom is on the other side of the hallway and is shared with 2 other rooms.
Atlantic Suite
No. 14
The entire attic is dedicated to the Atlantic Suite. Decorated with handmade furniture from Portuguese cedar, old pieces found and restored, upholstered fabric headboards, luxurious 5-star hotel kingsize bed in the main room and double bed in a separate room. It has its own bathroom, balcony, large wardrobe and 2 bedrooms. This Atlantic Suite has an interior courtyard overlooking the paved street of Rua Mendes Leal.
|14 rooms with/without private bathroom, kitchenette with microwave, toaster, coffee maker, kettle, small refrigerator
|Atlantic Suite No. 14: 4 persons, private corridor, king-size-bed, double bed (120x200cm) in separate room, private bathroom
Atlantic Suite No. 8: 4 persons, queen size bed, sofa bed in the living area, shared bathroom with one more room.
Nomad room Nr. 13: 2 persons, king-size bed, balcony, shared bathroom with 2 further rooms
Kinfolks room no. 7: 2 persons, queen size bed, private bathroom
Kinfolks room no. 1: 2 persons, twin, shared bathroom
This is a small selection of the 14 rooms, all of which can be booked directly through Stay & Surf.
|Service (free)
|Bed linen, towels, Wi-fi
|Service (additional charge)
|Airport transfer, surf course, surfboard rental


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Love and Sex from a Psychic Perspective | How to Deepen and Improve Your Connection With your Partner
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However, you may instead be feeling disconnected and distant. Are you questioning whether you're really into this love relationship and wondering if it's heading in a direction that won't lead to your self-growth and fulfillment?
These doubts and concerns are normal. It doesn't mean you're lacking sexual compatibility with your partner. We all go through different stages and phases of sexual intimacy and there are many ways to enhance your shared sexual experience.
This is when a psychic love expert or sex advisor can give you the amazing insights you need. Sex issues can be difficult to discuss. Some people consider it a private or taboo topic, but it doesn't have to be. Prepare to open up and engage in an honest, non-judgemental reading.
By seeking spiritual insight into your personal sexual energy, you can find out if you and your partner are truly compatible. It can help you identify your needs, learn how to communicate them, and reach a balance between freedom and closeness in order to accomplish a more intimate, mature and fulfilling sex life. Seeking sexual advice from our gifted psychic will give you the tools evolve your relationship to its full potential and make a profound connection.
Sex is also a psychic interaction between two spirits. Intimacy problems and love issues can be worked out by understanding the reasons and patterns involved in any difficult sexual expression you may be going through.
Every human relationship is interconnected on a spiritual level. Love or sex advice can reinvigorate your emotional confidence and awareness to make the most out of your relationships. Facing your fears and concerns head-on will always get you through them faster and more easily. Sex is never a casual experience from a psychic and universal perspective.


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Towards the end of the 2019-20 school year, Amy May, fifth-grade teacher at Milwaukee Scholars Charter Academy, tasked her students with completing a daily journal, describing how they felt about the coronavirus pandemic and how it impacted their lives. The students were instructed that this was intended to be a "living historical story," depicting the experience of living through COVID-19.
May shared that one student went above and beyond her expectations, creating a journal that went well past the realm of the assignment. Now heading into sixth grade in the upcoming school year, Ariyana Rhodes has been at Milwaukee Scholars since kindergarten, where she has excelled in writing and language arts from the start.
"Ariyana is an amazing young lady," said May. "She has such creativity and imagination, which shows in all her work. I love that I was able to inspire her with activities such as 'Read and Respond,' 'Author's Chair,' which includes writing a story and sharing with the class, and through journal writing."
After reviewing Rhodes' journal this spring, Ms. May connected with her student to conduct a video interview, speaking one-on-one with her about the project and what inspired her writing. Making this process even more special, Rhodes read excerpts from her work, bringing the journal to life.
Her final entry read, in part, "I enjoyed the process of journaling and I won't stop. I have my diary that I write in at night and on my free time. Thank you for the privilege to do this because, like you said, we are history in the making!"
May shared that she plans on incorporating similar projects into future assignments. Since educators are uncertain about how their classrooms will function moving forward, she shared that there is a strong benefit of combining journal writing with technology. "I would love to see students keep an online journal for a school year," May said.
"When I assigned 'I Survived the Coronavirus Pandemic,' I knew Ariyana would hit it out of the park, and she did!" said May. "I am so proud of her. It has been an honor being her teacher."


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LI CHENG TAI HANG STEEL LIMITED COMPANY bases on the steel rolling factory in LI CHENG County. Now it is a private joint-stock company after investing the private capital and moving the national assets by FUJIAN trader in Jun,2000.Now there are 3350 workers ; 500 professional technique staff,180 high- class designers , 1.23 billion fixed asset , 999900 ㎡ of land with 5 factories and 7 technique departments which have passed the ISO9000 quality certificate and country product license. It is one of the supporting enterprises in LI CHENG County and 60 top enterprises in CHANG ZHI City . It also ranks on the 29th in "SHANXI Province 100 TOP ENTERPRISE". In 2007 ,"TAIHANG Brand "Reinforced concrete with hot rolling gets "SHANGXI Province Famous Brand Products" and now apply for license of the country exempted from inspection.
THE SECOND. Main Equipments ,Product Ability and Products
The enlarging technology project with making 1,500,000 tons of the construction steel every year will be started working in 2002.At present ,the iron factory products the billet steel 1500000 tons every year including 45T of 2 sets of the converters and the supporting facilities. Steel rolling factory products the rolled steel 1500000 tons every year including 300000 tons of the normal line workshop , 1 bar materials of workshop with 500000 tons, a high line workshop of 700000 tons . Steel-making factory products 1500000 tons of steel materials annually with the main facilities such as 4 sets of 380m3 blast furnace and 1 set of 458m3 blast furnace. The ferroalloy factory have a cooperation with China Taiyuan Coal and Carbon Fair in 2007 with 300000 tons of ferromanganese alloy
annually. There are main facilities in the building such as 2 sets of 528m3 blast furnace ,2 sets of agglomeration facilities ,several sets of shaft furnaces .Now ,0.32 billion have been invested into the base and the supporting facilities .The 1#blast furnace and agglomeration facilities and shaft furnaces can work normally .Meantime ,the 2# blast furnace with supporting facilities have been finished .The main product is industrial drawing wire stock ,the revolving lines with HRB335,HRB400 with dia 16-28mm , the round ring with dia6.5-12mm.
However ,we are not satisfied with the developing situation .We have purchased a iron mine with 30000000 tons in SHANDONG LINYI .Now we are proceeding to the construction and developing mining so that we can invest on the early of 2009 . At the same time we are planning the stainless area. We are fully believe that basing on the spirit with "union, effort, development, innovation" ,a Group with mining, ferroalloy, iron alloy. steel-making, steel rolling, generate electricity, stainless materials. "three waste" reclamation and synthesize using will stand on the SHANGXI Area.
Unity, hard work, development, innovation and enterprise is a win-win concept, is too iron and steel firms struggle for each employee.


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The first measurement below my target.
Yes, it's necessary. My target weight range is between 106.8 and 109.2; as I've said, I want my weight to fluctuate around 108, not above it. My 5-day running average still has not reached 108, though.
Weight-maintenance experts -- see Thin For Life by Anne Fletcher and Refuse to Regain by Barbara Berkeley -- recommend setting an upper maintenance limit (Berkeley calls it the Scream Weight) a few pounds above your target; if you see that number on the scale, you must act immediately to reverse the gain.
Mark, who occasionally has to design process controls for a living, took a look at the normal variation in my weight measurements and based on his statistical analysis, suggested a whole set of triggers. I am supposed to immediately start weight loss mode if I see:
Rule 1. One scale reading above 111.6
Rule 2. Two out of three consecutive readings above 110.4
Rule 3. Four out of five consecutive readings above 109.2
Rule 4. Seven in a row above the target of 108
By the way, the rules are symmetrical. I'm also supposed to enter "weight gain" mode -- whatever THAT looks like -- if I have one scale reading below 104.4, or two out of three below 105.6, and so on. I am not too worried about this happening, but you never know. So there you go, everyone who is worried I will become anorexic. I have a plan to avoid that, just in case.


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Larry Frazier of the Woodrow Wilson Tigers is being pursued by a trifecta of Good Counsel defenders.
Max Aldana, without a helmet celebrates with his teammate #17 on tough stop of the speed demon #3 Larry Frazier from Woodrow Wilson.
Steve Williams of the Woodrow Wilson Tigers prepares to launch a deep pass down field on 3rd and long.
On the ground Max Aldana looks on as his missed tackle of Abdul Adams stays on his feet and keeps moving down field.
Our Lady of Good Counsel player #17 makes a flying tackle on Abdul Adams of Wilson High School.
Good Counsel player #2 celebrates with Alexander Croucher the touchdown Alexander just scored.
Alexander Crouchers comes off the field after scoring a touchdown for Good Counsel
Good Counsel player Patrick Bartlett takes a hard hit to the side of his face while blocking for Alexander Croucher.
Godo Counsel Patrick Bartlett pulls in a pass.
Wilson High School's Abdul Adams is flanked by a flock of Good Counsel defenders.
Wilson High School's Abdul Adams is powering through the Good Counsel defense.
DaSharnte Thompson of Good Counsel tris to power through getting wrapped up by a would-be tackler.
Good Counsel's Eric Grimm takes advanatge of an opening in the line to make a break for the goal line.
Good Counsel's Eric Grimm breaks right to avaoid an onslaught of Woodrow Wildon defenders.
Breaking free of two other tackles DaSharnte Thompson carrys the ball for another touchdown by Good Counsel.
An officials time out allows the teams to get a much needed water break in the high temperatures of the summer.
Our Lady of Good Counsel lines up for a 1st and goal play.
A aerial scramble in the end zone to prevent an interception by Justin Cole of Woodrow Wilson High School. Justin was within inches of intercepting the ball.
Good Counsel's DaSharnte Thompson breaks through an opening in the line.
#71 Ryan Carter of Good Counsel is carried off the fileld by teammates after suffering an injury to his right leg.
Zachary Seufer of Good Counsel scores the final touchdown of the evening for Good Counsel.


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ToroDB Website Terms of Use
Please read these Terms and Conditions ("Terms", "Terms and Conditions") carefully before using the http://www.torodb.com website (the "Service") operated by 8KData S.L. ("us", "we", or "our"). Your access to and use of the Service is conditioned on your acceptance of and compliance with these Terms. These Terms apply to all visitors, users and others who access or use the Service. By accessing or using the Service you agree to be bound by these Terms. If you disagree with any part of the terms then you may not access the Service
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Savannah Guthrie seems determined to make the most of her first outing as the moderator of "Meet the Press."
Guthrie was filling in for a vacationing David Gregory, and she proved to be a very aggressive substitute, grilling former White House Press Secretary Robert Gibbs and Indiana Gov. Mitch Daniels with gusto.
A sample question from Guthrie to Gibbs: "Does the president have it done, or should we take him at his word, hold him accountable--it's three years passed now--and make this a one-term presidency?"
Gibbs parried Guthrie's jabs, saying that President Obama would be forthrightly squaring off against Republicans in Congress. "We're going to have a choice, and it's going to be based on some very simple values," he said.
Guthrie also seemed critical of Gibbs' prescription for job growth. He called for cutting the payroll and Social Security taxes as part of Obama's plan. As he was describing these views, Guthrie cut him off.
"If the president thinks more should be done, if he thinks there should be more stimulus, why doesn't he just go for broke?" she asked. "Why doesn't he go out there and ask for it, make a case for it?"
Guthrie also quizzed Daniels about the controversial rhetoric coming from some presidential candidates, including Texas Gov. Rick Perry. "There's nobody more effective than the president and his allies at vilifying people, challenging their character," Daniels said at one point.
"Are you sure about that?" Guthrie shot back. "I mean, Rick Perry just accused the Fed chairman of near treason."
Visit msnbc.com for breaking news, world news, and news about the economy


text: On Thu, Mar 26, 2009 at 10:28 PM, Al Johnson <openmoko at mazikeen.demon.co.uk> wrote: > On Thursday 26 March 2009, Ruini Xue wrote: >> I connect FR via /dev/ttyACM0, and modify some env variables >> (bootdelay, boot_menu_timeout), and commit them with saveenv. Then I >> poweroff it and reconnect to it on restart, but printenv shows that >> these variables are not changed. What other commands should I run to >> make these changes persistent? > > Make sure you're in NAND uboot (power then aux) not NOR (aux then power) as > saveenv doesn't work with the NOR uboot. > Thanks, I've just fixed it. Hope this link is useful for others too: http://wiki.openmoko.org/wiki/Boot -- ruini


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SOBE Stairs - Limited Edition Photography
This piece is sold.
Quintessential Deco.
These stairs with flair structural gems make up the fabric of South Beach.
Limited Edition High Gloss Print of 25 signed and numbered by the artist. Frame not included.
About the Work
- Year: 2019
- Print Size: 30" x 30"
- Limited Edition Series (25)
- Signed & Numbered by Artist
- Letter of Authenticity
- High Gloss Inkjet Print
- FSC-certified, acid-free paper with a smooth, neutral-white finish (230 gsm- approximately a 6pt or 60# cover weight stock)
- Prints wrapped in tissue paper and rolled into a shipping tube for transport
- Keep at normal room temperatures and away from fluorescent lighting, direct sunlight and high humidity
- Shipping within the continental US in 5-7 days
- Contact our team for International Shipping
Curvilinear is the latest collection of multi-talented photographer, artist and designer Jay Britto. His limited edition high gloss prints explore architectural details from around the world, all personally captured throughout Jay's travels. Born and raised in Peru, he was surrounded by rich colors and a vibrant culture that continue to inspire him. As a teenager he moved to New York and became interested in interior design and architecture, as well as the beautiful buildings of the city.
This is a collectable work of art. To further inquire about Jay's work, please use our contact us form.


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Do you have enough insurance? You probably have home and auto insurance, and you may have additional coverage as well. However, every insurance policy comes with certain limits and exclusions. An umbrella policy from McGregor Insurance can help fill those gaps.
Umbrella coverage is designed to pick up where other insurance leaves off. When you exceed the liability limits on your home or auto coverage, an umbrella policy kicks in, providing additional protection. Through our network of insurance carriers, we provide a variety of umbrella insurance policies. These policies start at $1,000,000 in coverage, and higher limits are also available.
How much liability insurance do you carry on your automobile? If you caused an accident involving a classic vehicle, would your insurance be sufficient to cover damages?
Consider a disaster at home. If a fire in your home spread to a neighbor's home, would you have sufficient insurance coverage for repairs or replacement of everything lost in that fire?
Umbrella insurance policies can help in these types of situations. Additionally, this type of insurance often includes coverage of certain incidences excluded by other insurance policies. An umbrella policy may help with legal defense or provide other personal liability protection for you and your family. Your friendly McGregor Insurance agent will be happy to explain the details of an umbrella policy and to assist you in choosing a policy that addresses your specific needs.
There's nothing worse than filing an insurance claim only to learn that your existing policy doesn't cover your loss. Don't wait for a disaster to learn about extended coverage options. Learn more today by filling out our convenient online information form. We look forward to helping you eliminate potentially costly gaps in your personal insurance coverage.


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General Information
After many years of experience in the field of photovoltaic parks construction, the ARServices company provides integrated services for the proper and efficient preventive maintenance as well as the corrective maintenance of the PV power station. The ARServices has developed maintenance workshops in South and Central Greece in order to ensure the immediate repair of damages. Our objective is the continuous monitoring of projects and their proper maintenance, which shall provide:
- Maximum possible energy efficiency
- Immediate diagnosis of possible damages and repair
- Reduction of the equipment's strain and extension of its life duration
- Compliance with the conditions set by the manufacturers of the equipment for the maintenance of its guarantees.
- Reduction of damage probability of fire due to short circuits by loose wiring connections.
- Fulfillment of requirements of insurance providers for the maintenance contracts.
- Increase of after sales value of the project
Knowing the requirements of photovoltaic parks, our company has an experienced and qualified staff and is equipped with specialized instruments for the proper monitoring and diagnosis of each phenomenon that occurs in the installation.
The ARServices has specialized software (CMMS) for the management and the operation of photovoltaic power stations. Data of preventive and corrective maintenance are entered in this platform, by recording the past activities carried out in various projects.
Thanks to the software CMMS, which is specialized in the asset management and is directly compatible with the monitoring platform of Inaccess, the average repair time is reduced (Mean Time to Repair (MTTR)).
Furthermore, in the context of corrective maintenance, the ARServices has a reliable team of engineers for the immediate diagnosis and the subsequent repair of emergency damages.
The ARS Techical SA has specialized electrical engineers and it covers all the operations required for preventive maintenance of a photovoltaic project in the various parts that compose it. The ARS Technical SA covers the following tasks:
- Measuring the performance of PV panels
- Cleaning of PV panels
- Check constrictions support system
- Check of inverters
- Check the electrical connections of panels
- Checking the Medium Voltage fields
- Automations (plc, sensors, scada, etc)
- Checking the communication systems
- Checking the Control and Security systems
I-V curve measurement with TRI-KA
Instruments for the measurement of ground resistance and insulation of the cables
Network quality analyzers
Thermal Camera
Moreover our company in the context of invasive maintenance, has a reliable team of engineers for instant updates, potential harm reference, diagnosis and then restore, always in consultation with the developer.


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Set Up To Fail?
Did CBS Radio give David Lee Roth a raw deal? The former Van Halen singer spoke with 'Your World' host Neil Cavuto on Monday (June 5) to talk about getting the quick hook replacing Howard Stern and to promote the compilation album 'Strummin' With the Devil: The Southern Side of Van Halen'. He also talked about Eddie Van Halen being the only guy resistant to his return to the group, but he still believes it will eventually happen.
Video at FoxNews.com has since been removed.


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Meanwhile, morale in the Buffalo Fire Department continues to suffer. Masiello has stuck by one of his patronage puppies, Michael DOrazio, who is serving as an interim, make-believe fire commissioner, after the real fire commissioner, Calvin Worthy, stepped down to protest the Masiello administration and the control boards attacks on the firefighters.
Casino Buffalo: Book Your New Years Reservations Now!
Did we get your attention? Good! Okay, so maybe Casino Buffalo wont be opening until next New Years, but our sources tell us that negotiations are heating up for both the Buffalo Convention Center and the Aud. The Aud deal reportedly being considered would see the proposed Bass Pro Shop splitting the cavernous space with a Seneca casino. Alt broke the story that Bass Pro has links to the gaming industry in Las Vegas, last year. Although a Seneca casino in downtown targeting local gamblers continues to be a highly unpopular idea particularly with Citizens Against Gaming in Erie County and is even opposed by the Buffalo Niagara Partnership, our mayor has demonstrated that he stands as a true profile in courage by continuing to place Casino Buffalo at the top of his list of priorities.
Although the Bass Pro/Aud casino has some strong support (even mayoral candidate Byron Brown has spoken out in favor of Bass Pro) and stands a good chance of receiving millions in taxpayer largess, would it really do as much as a convention center casino to destroy business in downtown Buffalo. After all, putting the convention center out of business would drain the local economy of millions of dollars.
Since this mayor has seen fit to do everything he possibly can to hurt the City of Buffalo, it probably makes more sense to stick the casino right in the heart of downtown like a dagger. One would hope that the mayor, the governor and the Seneca Tribal Council can come up with a perfect storm solution that will maximize the damage to taxpayers that a heavily subsidized Casino Buffalo will undoubtedly bring.
Stuck in Buffalo with the Sunbelt blues again In a recent editorial in the Sunday edition of The New York Times, titled Getting to Average, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., discussed the continuing problem of economic inequality facing black Americans. Gates, who is a professor at Harvard and a highly regarded intellectual found that the consensus in black academic circles is that, rather than paying lip service to the illusive goal of racial equality in this country, most have set their sights lower. The fantasy isnt that inequality vanishes; its that inequality in black America catches up with inequality in white America. In this era of war, high oil prices, and uncertainty in capital markets the trend has been toward downward mobility as lower middle class jobs disappear, so this point is well taken. The example Gates uses to illustrate these lowered expectations, however, might give pause to power brokers in our own backyard.
Recently, I asked a few experts on poverty in black America about how we might get to average. I heard a lot of deep breaths. When they picture a black America, they see Buffalo a boarded up central city and a few lakefront mansions. The glory days for the black working class were from 1940 to 1970, when manufacturing boomed and factory jobs were plentiful. But when the manufacturing sector became eclipsed by the service economy, black workers ended up well, stuck in Buffalo. A boarded up central city stuck in Buffalo. Sound familiar? Encouraging Tony Masiello to be our poster boy should help change this image, right? Sure it will. Mayors New Plan for Burning Buffalo.
Once upon a time in our fair city, arson fires were so common that our neighbors to the North labeled us Burning Buffalo. It inspired a Kids in the Hall skit, which allowed all of Canada to have a little fun at our expense. This summer, Mayor Anthony Masiello was behind a plan to lay off the citys fire investigators. That would have done almost as much to help our image as the mayors recent appearance on the Today Show, wherein he took the opportunity to remind everybody that our winters suck and we get lots of snow. The new stereotypical image of Buffalonians being fostered by the mayor is that not only are we really good at shoveling snow, were surrounded by burning buildings, too. And if the mayor is a good representation of the average Buffalonian, we also look talk and act like a bunch of idiots. Hey, if the shoe fits .


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The "node" kid on the block is the title of a talk given on September's corkdev.io, a Cork city local developers meetup.
The talk is an introduction to nodejs and some of it's basic tooling. By the end of the talk the first npm corkdev.io package was published.
npm i corkdev.io -g
This was my first experience giving a talk in English. The experience was really good, I learned quite a lot from it and I can't wait to do it again.
I cannot tell if the message was delivered successfully, but to me there's nothing better to sharing ideas.
Oscar out.


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Steve Madincea
Surrey, England
Steve joined the board in 2004, the same year he was diagnosed with Wegener's granulomatosis. He has served as treasurer of the board and chaired numerous VF committees including the Marketing, Symposium and Finance committees. He is the founder and director of PRISM, Inc., an international sports marketing and PR company with offices located around the world. PRISM funded the first-ever Vasculitis Fellowship in 2006 and Steve has led efforts to expand the VF's Fellowship and Research Programs since then.


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Storing and Reading Objects
Applications and services can use the directory in different ways to store and locate objects:
- Store (a copy of) the object itself.
- Store a reference to an object.
- Store attributes that describe the object.
In general terms, a Java object's serialized form contains the object's state and an object's reference in a compact representation of addressing information that can be used to contact the object. Some examples are given in the Lookup an Object lesson. An object's attributes are properties that are used to describe the object; attributes might include addressing and/or state information.
Which of these three ways to use depends on the application/system that is being built and how it needs to interoperate with other applications and systems that will share the objects stored in the directory. Another factor is the support provided by the service provider and the underlying directory service.
Programmatically, all applications use one of the following methods when storing objects in the directory:
The application passes the object that it wants to store to one of these methods. Then, depending on the types of objects that the service provider supports, the object will be transformed into a representation acceptable to the underlying directory service.
This lesson shows how to store serializable objects in the directory once the object is stored, you can simply use lookup() to get a copy of the object back from the directory, regardless of what type of information was actually stored.
You can get the object back not only by using lookup(), but also when you list a context and when you search a context or its subtree. In all of these cases, object factories might be involved. Object factories are discussed in detail in the JNDI Tutorial .
For storing below objects types, please refer to the JNDI Tutorial:
- Referenceable objects and JNDI References
The bind() examples in the Add, Replace or Remove a Binding lesson use Referenceable objects.
- Objects with attributes (DirContext)
- RMI (Java Remote Method Invocation) objects (including those that use IIOP)
- CORBA objects
Before you go on: To run these examples successfully, you must either turn off schema-checking in the server or add
the Java schema that accompany this tutorial to the server. This task is typically performed by the directory server's administrator. See the Software Setup lesson for more information.
Windows Active Directory: Context.rebind() and DirContext.rebind() do not work against Active Directory because these methods work by reading the attributes of the entry to be updated, removing the entry, and then adding a new entry that contains the modified attributes. Active Directory returns some attributes that cannot be set by the user, causing the final addition step to fail. The workaround for this problem is to use DirContext.getAttributes() to obtain and save the attributes that you want to keep. Then, remove the entry and add it back with the saved attributes (and any others that you want to add) using DirContext.bind() .


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Gemma Chan Has To Calm Her Nerves
She shares her story.
She shares her story.
She is open about her mental health on social media.
She thinks about therapy before going under the knife.
You can't be successful if your mind isn't in the right place.
He is proof that pushing through a problem pays off.
Her new youtube show focuses on finding confidence.
Being big and muscular doesn't change you completely.
It's a common mental battle in todays world.
She is expected to make a recovery.
She is well known for her role in 'Jane The Virgin'.
It's her outlet for mental health.
Even talk show hosts deal with mental health.
This is her story.
He is worried for the kids with her current mental health situation.
She is not a fan.
Lili Reinhart gets real honest about her personal thoughts.
If Gary says so then we will try it.
We also thank her therapist because we need more Grande music.
It's important to talk to a professional if you're feeling unstable. Listen to these celebrities.
If you're reading this Demi, do not mess up your chance at a better life.
Chris Cornell's family blames a Dr. for his suicide. Here's the story.
Keira Knightley is burning out and needs a break.
We all hope Demi Lovato recovers quickly.
Jim Carrey has a different perspective on mental health.
Lena Dunham reveals her latest problems.
Laverne Cox describes the difficulties of being transgendered and a celebrity.
This is Gwyneth Paltrow's latest diet.
Even a multi-multi millionaire Kardashian-Jenner family member has her bad days.
Even celebrities are affected by America's opioid crisis.
Claire Foy gets honest about her mental health.
Olivia Munn has some odd habits. Here's the story.
Model Cara Delevigne gets self-conscious like everyone else.
Duchess Meghan is causing a stir with her fashion choices.


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Thursday, September 26, 2013
Thanksgiving Yacht Special in Hawaii on Board Motor Yacht Tivoli
Motor Yacht TIVOLI 90' luxury expedition yacht sleeps 6 in 3 cabins with marble baths. Long time Co-Captain Trevor Marston and Chef Caren Sharpen are eager to share the beauty of Waikiki, Molokai and Lanai highlighting a very doable 7 day/3 island itinerary. Horseback riding tours available.
$55,000/6 plus all expenses. Open for Christmas and New Year's.
Three staterooms with individual controls for lighting, air conditioning and heat; ensuite bathrooms have programmable water temperature settings and European brass fixtures. Two staterooms with twin beds with enclosed marble showers. Master stateroom with queen-size bed, settee, dressing table & two wardrobes, 2 heads, one with marble shower and one with steam show plus whirlpool.Spiral staircases, rich mahogany raised paneling. Saloon with large couches, Bose entertainment center, bar, wine cooler.
TIVOLI can accommodate 6 guests in 3 cabins.
Three staterooms radiate from a central foyer. The master stateroom has a centerline queen bed and separate his 'n hers baths, one with a marble shower and one with a steam shower plus whirlpool tub. Two guest staterooms have twin lower singles and enclosed marble showers in the en suite baths.
TIVOLI is fully air conditioned through out. Crew has a separate companionway, heads and shower.
Features & Amenities
Large CD Library
Over 1000 Albums on-line throughout the Yacht on Sonos also Internet music & news on Sirius Internet Radio
Ability to use I-Pod's in all Guest Cabins - Ability to use I-Pod's Fly Bridge & Main Saloon
Stereo System:Surround sound Movie System - Hdtv 40", Saloon & 40" Master Stateroom (new 2009) - Movie Library - 450 On-Line movies
Dinghy: Novurania / 18ft 8in (5.0m) / 2/50HP
Posted by E.C.S at 9:35 AM
Labels: Bahamas, Caribbean, Caribbean Leewards, Caribbean Virgin Islands, Caribbean Windwards, Hawaii, power boat, Special Rates, Thanksgiving, yacht charters, yachts
Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)


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Regular Baptist Press International sends free Sunday School materials, Vacation Bible School programs, and books, all published by Regular Baptist Press, to churches and ministries around the world who need them. The pastor of a recent recipient, Bethany Baptist Church in Bangalore, India, sends the following thank-you letter.
Thank you so much for sending the Regular Baptist Press materials regularly. We are using it every Sunday at Bethany Baptist Church, Bangalore, India. Our Sunday School children have sent a thank-you card with their notes on it.
Our church uses only RBP material for the Christian Education ministry. We are thankful to the Lord for the efforts and the sacrifices you do to make this possible. May the good Lord richly reward you, and I am sure that your labor in the Lord will not go in vain, as we are seeing the fruit of your materials in our church. My eldest son started Sunday School by learning from RBP materials, and today he is 14 years old and has accepted the Lord as his personal Savior, got baptized, and joined the church.
May the Lord bless your ministry.
With gratefulness,
Pastor Simeon Sundar
Bethany Baptist Church
Bangalore, India
- Donations to Regular Baptist Press International make shipping RBP materials possible.


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It's an answer everyone is searching for – and it just might surprise you.
Tag "BrightScope"
As bad a some industry players are, it's always caveat emptor. Both plan sponsors, in their role as fiduciaries, and 401k investors must assume personal responsible and be accountable for their own retirement.
In choosing ratings points over debate points, Smith sacrificed the logic of the straight-forward for the pyrotechnics of a religious argument, and, in doing so, lost credibility with that portion of his audience that knew better.
In the rush to get the headline, did the mass media just do a grave disservice to 401k plan sponsors and investors?
Want to know some real, reliable and independent sources of 401k benchmarking data? Read on.
Are the purported lower fees of bundling real, or are they a figment of some marketing department's imagination? Worse, are bundled services really a fiduciary trap?
Will this be known as the week we lost the fiduciary standard?
Exclusive Interview: Mike Alfred Provides Insight into BrightScope's 2nd Annual List of the Top 30 401k Plans
Should mutual funds give fee breaks to large plans only? See what BrightScope's Mike Alfred says.
Why some target date investors should be furious, why expecting 401k plan sponsors to comment on a change they don't understand would be asking far too much and just see what he says about 12b-1 fees.