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I am good thanks. How are you?
So tell us about yourself. How long have you been training, how old were you when you started and what style was it in?
Well I have been training for 7 years. I started out training in Taekwon-Do (ITF style) under the Taekwon-Do Association of Great Britain when I was 14-years-old.
When did you move here to the US?
November of 2013.
And you continued training I assume? (Laughing) Did you stay with ITF Taekwon-Do or switch styles?
I did continue my training. Just before I moved, I reached 1st degree black belt in ITF and wanted to experience the Olympic style of WTF Taekwondo. So I found a Kukkiwon school and earned my black belt in there also.
So you're a Kukkiwon Black Belt then?
Yes, I'm a Kukkiwon 2nd Dan (Registration No. 05518736).
And are you still training in Kukki Taekwondo? If not, what style are you training in?
No, I am not currently training in Kukki Taekwondo. I wanted to see what else was out there and came across the American Jidokwan Association. I decided to further my training in Taekwondo through them. Their curriculum is very different from most of what I have experienced and seen before. The AJA is very self defense based, with very old school training techniques and principles. I've also started training in San Budo Sogo Bugei and American Yoshinkan Aiki Jujutsu.
While training in the various styles of Taekwondo, I never really had the opportunity to work on things like joint manipulation, take downs and throws. When I started working with the AJA, it was obvious they weren't like l any other Taekwondo association I had been involved with before. They taught these techniques alongside what you expect to learn in Taekwondo - punches, kicks, etc. I soon realized that kicking and punching/striking alone wasn't going to save my life in a real situation. Don't get me wrong, Taekwondo is very effective done the right way. But if someone grabs you unexpectedly, then kicking isn't always an option. I started learning some of these new techniques and wanted to learn more. So I took it upon myself to further my knowledge and started training under Kaiso Bret Gordon.
Tell me a little more about American Jidokwan. How does the organization help you as an instructor compared to other organizations you've seen?
As an organization they are very helpful. When I first opened my school, I originally wanted to provide Kukkiwon certification to my students. But being only a 2nd degree I wasn't allowed to do this alone. The AJA gave me the option of standing alone and teaching what I felt was right. They provided me with their curriculum and allowed me to add what I felt was necessary. They gave me one-on-one training and certified me as an instructor once I was at the level required. So now, I certify my students under the AJA. They keep their standards high and I really respect that. They stay true to the old school principles and focus on real-life self defense. The people within the organization are extremely supportive and highly motivating, always asking about my personal goals within martial arts and helping me find away to achieve them. I am proud to be part of such an amazing team. It's like family.
What motivated you to open a school at such a young age?
I love teaching. Martial arts is my passion and I knew it was what I wanted to devote my time to. I always knew I would continue my training. It is a way of life for me. But an opportunity to open my own school appeared and I took it. Sometimes I look back and and wonder why I decided to do it at such a young age, but I only have one answer. I acted out of passion. I want to keep the martial arts alive and continue to spread knowledge while impacting others life's and inspiring people to better themselves. My martial arts training help me to over come my fears and molded me into the person I am today. Before I started training I was quite a shy person and didn't have much confidence in myself.
Tell us about the other arts you're learning, American Yoshinkan and San Budo Sogo Bugei. How do they differ from Taekwondo?
They are different from Taekwondo because they focus on joint manipulation, locks, throws and takedowns even more than the AJA does. All of the stuff I never really had the opportunity to learn before. San Budo Sogo Bugei is very self defense based and covers pretty much everything you need to know for self defense and survival. The training is very different. We are conditioned to deal with our body's response to real-life situations. The instructors make it very real, so we learn to overcome our fear and the shock of being attacked. American Yoshinkan Aiki Jujutsu is also very different from Taekwondo. It is an internal art that focuses on teaching you how to use your body in the most effective way. I love learning aiki and how to apply it when doing locks and throws. It's like magic!
How has your training in these arts influenced your understanding of Taekwondo?
Training in these arts has made me realize that all martial arts are the same. They all have the same purpose. I am starting to see the similarities between them all. Even though they look very different from each other, they aren't as far apart as one would first think. For example, our traditional Taekwondo forms contain locks and throws when you really look into the application. So it has influenced me to look deeper into what I have already learned and how it can be applied. Training in these arts has really pushed me to focus more on self defense and taught me how to effectively incorporate what I already know into successfully defending myself
How has martial arts training influenced other areas of your life?
Martial arts training has influenced literally every aspect of my life. Without my training, I wouldn't be the person I am today. As a child I was shy and reserved, very quiet. Meeting and talking to new people scared me. Martial arts taught me how to overcome this and how to stand up for myself and be a leader. Martial arts teaches so much more than just fighting/defense skills. If you have a good teacher, which I have been lucky to have many, you will see the martial arts and its principles don't stay within the dojang. It can be applied to everything you do.
Now if you asked me this question before I stated associating with the AJA, I would have said competing. I have competed in many competitions during my training time. In both ITF and Olympic-style Taekwondo, this was something I really enjoyed doing and enjoyed training for. But after earning my instructor certification with the AJA, I soon realized the importance of real-life self defense training. Most schools I have trained in have set, choreographed self defense in place (one steps) however I have come to realize this is not enough. Simply reacting to a punch that you know is coming your way with set movements doesn't prepare you to defend against a real attack. There is no fear factor in these types of drills, and I feel it is important to condition the body's reaction to a real attack and the emotions associated. I feel that this is the most important aspect of martial arts training and is very necessary.
What types of drills do you practice for real life self defense?
We work on a lot of different drills that have a fear factor to them, such as realistic armed robbery drills where the person robbing you either has a gun in your face or a knife at your throat. While yelling at you. It can be a very scary drill and a lot of people tend to freeze in that kind of a situation. I use to be one of those people to panic and freeze, but after being put in that situation over and over again I was able to control my emotions and react accordingly. We use real weapons (controlled of course) which also creates fear. When someone is coming at you with a real knife, it's terrifying but this teaches us respect for the weapon. Sometimes when using fake weapons for training, we don't give it as much respect as we should because we know that if we mess up we aren't really going to be hurt. But that's not how it works outside of the dojang. We also do a drill we call randori which involves multiple attackers attacking you one after the other with any type of attack they wish. Your job being to react to them and survive. I like this drill a lot because you cannot tell what kind of attack is coming your way until it happens, which in itself creates fear. You are forced to rely on your instincts and your training to react in time. This is a very realistic drill compared to the self defense one steps taught by other schools. You never know what kind of attack you will be faced with when it happens for real, so its important to learn how to react in that situation and adapt.
And last question for you. What advice would you give to someone coming up through the ranks wanting to pursue deeper study?
I would advise them to do what I did. Research. Research everything. Find out the history behind your art and the history of the founders. Look at how the art has adapted over the years. Find out where it all started and what kind of training they did back then. To pursue deeper study in the art they are currently studying I recommend looking at the forms (poomsae, hyung, kata, etc.). The forms are blue prints and contain principles. Look into the application of each form you have learned and try to figure out what the movements are actually for. Come up with your own use for the movements and test them to see how effective they are. I also recommend cross training.Train in a style that's different from the style you currently study and see a different side of martial arts.


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subset: commoncrawl


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During this 3 hour party you and your guests will learn…
The details
Everyone will decorate 8 cookies to enjoy and take home. Your party guests will have tons of fun while I teach them how to decorate cookies like a pro with royal icing. This is a decorating class only – no baking involved.
I'll bring everything we need and also clean up after. Pre-baked cookies, icing, recipes, supply lists, step-by-step visual guides, cookie boxes, and all tools & supplies will be provided. All you need to provide is a table for guests to decorate on.
Your private party must have a minimum of 6 participants and I can handle around 20 at the most.
Scheduling is subject to availability. In order to secure your date, a non-refundable $150 deposit is due at time of booking and remaining balance is due a week prior to the party.
Travel is included within 25 miles of Irvine, CA 92620, otherwise a travel fee applies.
Once you secure your party date, I will reach out to confirm details with you.
What a great afternoon! Tyler is wonderful and I appreciated all her tips and tricks. I will definitely be back for more."
– Tracy
Tyler is so herself when you go to her class. Always upbeat and she can fix almost any mistake you make. I have been to two of her classes and planning on more. Tyler is very patient and always kind."
– Jean
Tyler is a great teacher. Her class was a lot of fun. Mistakes? I ate the evidence. The cookies turned out so cute. I can't wait to do it again."
– Diana


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Stewart Island/Rakiura Community Board
Community boards are the link between Council and the communities we serve. They have a good overview of council services and have intimate knowledge of the community they represent.
Community boards are there to represent and support your community's interests and connect you with the wider Southland District.
Board members
- Aaron Conner
- Anita Geeson
- Jon Spraggon (Chair) 03 219 1449 firstname.lastname@example.com
- Steve Lawrence (Deputy Chair) 03 219 1173 firstname.lastname@example.com
- Gordon Leask
- Rakiura Herzhoff
- Ward Councillor – Councillor Bruce Ford
View the Stewart Island / Rakiura Community Board plan here [PDF, 18 MB]


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EyeLock, MorphoTrust Form Strategic Partnership to Pursue Commercial Enterprise Deployments
Alliance Establishes Strong Value Proposition for MorphoTrust to Reach Beyond Government; Provides EyeLock Reach to Support Rapidly Growing Enterprise-Level Customer Requirements for Biometrics
Nov 18, 2014, 08:00 ET
NEW YORK, Nov. 18, 2014 /PRNewswire/ -- EyeLock Inc., a market leader of iris-based identity authentication solutions, and MorphoTrust USA (Safran), a leading U.S. provider of identity solutions and services, today announced a strategic partnership to offer comprehensive biometric identity solutions and services across enterprise, motor vehicle administration (MVA), airport screening and financial services markets.
As a leader in identity-related solutions, MorphoTrust serves consumers through a nationwide network of 1,100 IdentoGO® Centers. These centers handle the secure capture and transmission of electronic fingerprints required for employment, certification and licensing by federal, state and local governments and some private sector entities. The partnership with EyeLock expands the offering to include iris technology, which will ultimately allow these customers to use iris for downstream authentication applications – verifying identity for access privileges, either physical or online and via mobile devices.
"With the ever-growing need for more robust security solutions, EyeLock's technology has risen to the top as the clear leader in iris authentication," said Charles Carroll, senior vice president of enrollment services at MorphoTrust. "Our partnership with EyeLock brings together two strong market leaders - enabling MorphoTrust to better serve our existing customers, and providing an even stronger value proposition for expansion into new markets as more and more enterprises seek highly secure, high throughput and seamless biometric identity solutions."
EyeLock's patented iris authentication technology has provided physical access solutions to Fortune 500, 100 and 50 corporations, and other global leaders for the last several years. EyeLock is one of the only iris authentication providers to utilize dual eye authentication to look at the more than 240 points of unique characteristics in each human iris. Combined with its unique high-speed video technology, EyeLock provides unprecedented authentication security. EyeLock launched its first consumer product, myris, to industry acclaim at the 2014 International Consumer Electronics Show. The product is the first iris authentication technology designed for both enterprise and mass-market use across the digital spectrum. With myris, EyeLock has distilled its proven technology platform into a palm-sized form factor to provide secure access to digital accounts.
"According to Global Marketing Insights, the market for iris biometrics is growing at an annual growth rate of 19 percent. Our existing deployments and relationships in the commercial and consumer arena provide us a good foundation. However with our technology at IdentoGO Centers by MorphoTrust, EyeLock is positioned to capture an even larger share of this growth. Having a convenient way to enroll people ultimately paves the way for iris authentication in all types of downstream transactions – for physical access, logical access and transaction verification," said Jim Demitrieus, Chief Executive Officer, EyeLock Corporation.
About EyeLock
EyeLock is a leader in iris authentication, provides the highest level of security with EyeLock ID technology. The company's proprietary, embeddable technology enables the convenient, secure authentication of individuals across physical and logical environments. EyeLock's software has been integrated across consumer and enterprise platforms, eliminating the need for PINs and passwords. No two irises are alike, and outside DNA - the iris is the most accurate human identifier. Corporations across the Fortune 500 recognize the level of security EyeLock provides due in part to its false accept rate (, ease of use and scalability. As a sponsor member of the Fast IDentity Online Alliance (FIDO), a non-profit organization dedicated to creating a safer and more secure digital presence for consumers, EyeLock is dedicated to providing digital privacy and next generation security.
About MorphoTrust USA
MorphoTrust USA (Safran) is "The Identity Company," providing market-leading solutions and
services to state and federal agencies as well as businesses that simplify, protect and secure
the lives of Americans. The company's offerings help ensure individuals are who they claim
to be through the use of document authentication, data verification and biometric identification
(face, fingerprints, iris and skin). Forty-two of 50 states use MorphoTrust solutions to produce
80% of the U.S. driver licenses and IDs – the documents citizens rely on to exercise their civil rights, gain access to benefits and services, and ensure trusted transactions while reducing fraud and enhancing national security. Other programs include U.S. passports and passport cards, as well as solutions for border management, public safety, banking and travel. MorphoTrust serves consumers through a nationwide network of 1100 IdentoGO® Centers, delivering fingerprinting and other identity-related services to over 3 million customers annually.
CONTACT: Julia Gaynor, 212-445-8386, [email protected]
SOURCE EyeLock


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I usually don't pay much attention to soliciting emails, but this one caught my eye. They were just sharing with me something the folks at Giraffe.ie truly believed to be useful –an infographic about the benefits of handwriting.
So here it is. I, too, would like to share it with you. Spot on timing since Super Hero is just getting started with cursive. Speaking of which, I will soon post about a learning cursive iPad apps that rocks!
Thanks to www.giraffe.ie for sharing this infographic:


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Stock Exchange honours 'inspiring' AR
By Steve Ducker31 May 2018
Contractor AR Demolition been named in a prestigious report celebrating the United Kingdom's fastest-growing and most dynamic small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs).
The '1000 Companies To Inspire Britain' report is released annually by the London Stock Exchange Group (LSEG) and 2018 is the fifth year it has been published.
To qualify this year, companies had to have revenue of between £6 million and £250 million (US$ 9 million and $375 million), be operating for at least three years and be among the fastest-growing in their industry sector.
Calculations were weighted to favour latest-year growth and any company with more than 20% deterioration in net assets in the past three years was excluded.
With growth at AR Demolition, based in the English midlands, escalating turnover to £16 million ($24 million) in 2017, managing director Richard Dolman said he was proud for his company to be included.
"It's a great feather in the cap for the company and a real fillip for all at AR Demolition to see us included in such a prestigious list," he said.
"We've worked hard over the past few years to set ourselves apart from our competition, creating something different from the typical demolition company and trying to build a business for the future. So it's great to see that being officially marked by those outside the business.
"Turnover this year is looking to be at record levels for us and we'll know more on that soon. In the meantime, we also have some exciting initiatives in the pipeline, as well as some significant investments, which will further develop the foundation for our future."


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Pastern Strap *Discontinued Colours*
What is the purpose of the Pastern Strap
The pastern strap is designed to help prevent the boot being pulled off due to an overreach, or sucked off when riding through mud. It is not intended to be the primary source of securement. The strap is made of very strong thermoplastic urethane (TPU) and is designed to stretch when placed under load, so the strap will not affect the horses pasterns if secured correctly. It also has a number of holes to provide the correct setting, depending on the thickness of the horses pasterns.
How do you secure the Pastern Strap
To set the strap at the correct length, make sure your horse is standing upright with its legs at 90 degree. Once secured, you should be able to place one finger (large) or two fingers (small) under the straps at the front of the pastern.
What size Pastern Straps do I need
Sold Individually.


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Crazy Sony Bravia Ad!
Talk about crazy advertising. Sony went to the all out to create a video that implied the Sony Bravia TV can product such a vibrant a riot of colors!
It seems they used:
70,000 litres of paint
358 single bottle bombs
33 sextuple air cluster bombs
22 Triple hung cluster bombs
268 mortars
33 Triple Mortars
22 Double mortars
358 meters of weld
330 meters of steel pipe
57 km of copper wire
Its amazing what a big marketing and advertising budget can do?


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Dickson County building likely 'total loss' after fire
The county's former EMS building is likely a total loss after an early morning fire Thursday "gutted" much of the structure's interior and engulfed the roof, according to Dickson County EMS Director Rob Fisher.
Dickson Fire Department crews responded to the fire about 4 a.m. but firefighters believe the blaze had been burning "for a while" when they arrived, Fisher said.
"We have no clue what started the fire," Fisher said "We do know that it's likely a total loss."
The firefighters are still at the scene extinguishing hot spots and likely will be for a few more hours, Fisher said.
In February, the Dickson County Commission approved an in-house renovation of the county-owned old EMS building at a cost of nearly $23,000.
The building is located at the intersection of West End Ave. and Laurel Ave. in the Dickson area.
The work included installing a security fence, creating office space for county Maintenance Director W.H. Batey as well as a small training room to act as a back up emergency operations center.
Batey had performed much of the work and, according to Fisher, was nearly complete.
No injuries were reported.


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Our holiday catalog is loaded with gorgeous Bo Bunny background papers. They're the perfect shades for our Laurel Burch Color Palette, and Bo Bunny donated enough papers for us to make our in-house cards, supply some to our Design Team, and even have some to give away!!
The Vintage Dot line of papers is yummy! With dots on one side and a damask pattern on the other with distressing used all over, this thick, textured, quality paper is great to use! We loved working with Vintage Dot, and so will you.
We used these for our holiday catalog, on our store display board programs, and our Design Team loved them, too! We also used them for several of the cards in our April catalog, celebrating all things summer!
Here are some of the cards we made in-house, you can find these on our website at http://www.stampendous.com.
Now, you have a chance to try them. Three winners this week will each receive 10 sheets of BoBunny Vintage Dot Patterned Paper (one each of 10 colors), plus choose our brand new Laurel Burch Cling Holly Cat or Cling Holly Pup stamp! That's some Christmas Card stamping in the bag! Leave us a comment telling us whether you'd choose the Cat or the Pup and your three favorite colors from the Vintage Dot Papers line! Please also visit BoBunny on their social media and mention how gorgeous this paper is! You can find them on Facebook HERE, on Pinterest HERE, or you can tag them on Twitter @BoBunnyPress, or on Instagram @mybobunny. Our Official Contest Rules are, as always, HERE, and it's open to U.S. mailing addresses only.
Our Design Team is sharing some Christmas in July that they created using these great papers! Be sure to leave them some love on their blog posts for extra entries into our contest!! Here's who is sharing today!
Louise Healy
Alison Heikkila
Lea Fritts
You might want to go back and comment on Monday's post if you missed it – MONDAY, and WEDNESDAY as well for more chances to win and all the details.


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<-- Back to General Contractors
Dennis Garr Construction
Call for an appointment!
SkyHawk Townhomes specializes in quality townhomes to suit anyone from the active snowbirds to families just starting out! These spacious 4 Plex style townhomes are located in beautiful Mesquite, Nevada! With everything from golf courses to casinos just minutes away, these townhomes make the perfect vacation home!
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- includes fridge & microwave range hood
2 in Window Blinds
Central Vacuum System
Extra Large Development Swimming Pool
Hot Tub
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Asking price only
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Valentine's day is more than just giving flowers, jewelry and candy to someone.
The holiday is named after one or more early Christian martyrs named Valentine and was established by Pope Gelasius I in 496 AD. It has a meaning that is truly centered in self sacrifice.
The popular customs associated with Saint Valentine's Day undoubtedly have their origin in a conventional belief generally received in England and France during the Middle Ages, that on 14 February, the birds began to pair. The sending of Valentines was a fashion in nineteenth-century Great Britain, and, in 1847, Esther Howland developed a successful business in her Worcester, Massachusetts home with hand-made Valentine cards based on British note cards.
This is the reason the day was looked upon as specially consecrated to lovers and as a proper occasion for writing love letters and sending lovers' tokens. Both the French and English literatures of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries show this being done.
The earliest tradition is in the 34th and 35th Ballades of the bilingual poet, John Gower, written in French. Those who chose each other under these circumstances seem to have been called by each other their Valentines.
At least three different Saint Valentines, all of them martyrs, are mentioned in the early martyrologies under date of 14 February. One is described as a priest at Rome, another as bishop of Interamna, and these two seem both to have suffered in the second half of the third century and to have been buried on the Flaminian Way, but at different distances from the city. In William of Malmesbury's time what was known to the ancients as the Flaminian Gate of Rome and is now the Porta Del Popolo, was called the Gate of St. Valentine. The name seems to have been taken from a small church dedicated to the saint which was in the immediate neighborhood. The third Saint Valentine, who suffered in Africa with a number of companions, nothing further is known.
Happy Valentine's Day.
{For more from Oretha Winston follow her on Twitter}
Other Related Articles:


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Taking a Project-Based Approach to STEM Learning
How STEM and PBL go hand in hand
How to encourage student inquiry throughout a range of mathematical practices
Using big ideas to develop essential questions that guide project design and driving questions that guide student work
Deploying graphic organizers to match desired cognitive complexity
Make student work authentic for maximum results
Ideas to have students consider as they work to use music to convey feelings and match the goals of their work
Rubric Maker
Create custom rubrics for your classroom.
Write, record, and illustrate a sentence.
A curated, copyright-friendly image library that is safe and free for education.
Creative Educator


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ORLANDO, Fla. — An hour before his 10th tip-off as a visitor at the Amway Center, Dwight Howard was finding his happy place.
He closed his eyes and stuck out his fingers in his best Buddha impression as reporters approached: "Do you guys come in peace?" he asked. As the locker room churned on with pregame activity, Howard summoned the spiritual tones of a pastor: "You've got to let it gooooo," he sang.
Howard was trying to communicate his peace with the Lakers, his career and the troubled relationship he's long had with Orlando, where he played eight of his best seasons. But the words were drowned out in the fourth quarter, when Howard was fouled and decided to give a few parting shoves to Magic players in the paint.
Like a firecracker, Wes Iwundu ran over to Howard and got in his face. The Lakers' Jared Dudley responded in kind, leaning into the sudden fracas. Throughout the tumult, Howard tried to pull away, as he often has.
Later, he said he was trying to rile the team up in a tight game – perhaps meditation hasn't settled him down as much as he hoped.
"Just got to make sure I keep my head," he said. "I know they're going to foul me, know they're going to do things to try to get me to react so just got to do a better job of that."
A three-time NBA Defensive Player of the Year, Howard has been persona non grata in Orlando since 2012, when he forced his way out in a trade to the Lakers. At the time he was a franchise star – his departure was seen as the end of a hopeful era for the Magic, and a new beacon of stardom for the Lakers.
Things played out differently than imagined in both places, but time has circled everyone back to where they were roughly seven years ago: Howard is back with the Lakers on a contending team, and Orlando, coming off a playoff appearance last year, still has some hope left with a roster of young lottery picks.
Howard admitted that he was hurt for years when he was poorly received by the fans who used to cheer him on for eight seasons, including a 2009 NBA Finals berth. But this summer, he said, he was finally able to move on.
"I had to let that bitterness go," he said. "There's no need to hold onto it. When I let it go, it just made my life a lot better. Just more free. I got blessed to come back and play with the Lakers, and I'm in a really good situation. So I'm pretty sure there were a lot of people here who were super hurt and disappointed that I left. And I'm sorry for that. You know, I apologize if they felt that way. But I never would have been the person I am today if I would have stayed here."
At least as a player, Howard seems a lot different. For the first time in his career, he's played a convincing supporting role. Entering Wednesday night, he was averaging 7 points and 7 rebounds per game without a single start.
Magic coach Steve Clifford, who coached him as an assistant in Orlando and later in Charlotte, said he was happy to see Howard healthy and contributing to a winning team. Pointing out Howard's surgeries in the last few years, the most impressive part of Howard's second run with the Lakers has been his durability.
"I'm not sure people are grasping how hard he's worked to get his body to be able to do this," he said. "When he was younger, he could kind of eat what he wanted and show up and play. … But now, it's diet, it's flexibility. I mean, the guy has to put so much into it just to go out there every night."
Entering to a smattering of boos yet again, Howard's game on Wednesday night was just average: two points, six rebounds, one blocked shot. He was generally outplayed by Mo Bamba (13 points, four rebounds), who the Magic hope succeeds him as the franchise's next great center.
But even though Howard always played in the shadow of Shaquille O'Neal, it's his name that looms above the franchise's all-time leaders in points, rebounds and blocks. The Magic have never retired a jersey, and while Howard might be one of the greatest villains in franchise history, the man they used to call "Superman" remains one of their greatest heroes, too.
When asked if he hoped that the Magic might one day honor him, Howard said: "That'd be great.
"When I was here, I gave this city, this team 110 percent of me every single night," he said. "I did it on the court, I did it off the court, I did whatever I could to help this city and this team become where they are today. So, I don't think we should always focus on the negative or the things that happened that wasn't good."
Among those good things: Two of Howard's children sat on the baseline near the Lakers. Howard went to hug and kiss them after the final buzzer sounded.
As reporters departed following his interviews, he still found words of zen.
"All right," he said. "Now, go in peace."
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آحمد صبحي منصور Ýí 2017-04-22
The Oppressed Citizens within Tyrannical Countries Have the Right to Take their Rights by Their Hands: They Are Not Thieves Who Steal Their Rights from the Tyrants
Published in April 21, 2017
Translated by: Ahmed Fathy
We have received this email message, and we quote it below, followed by our reply: (... Dear Sir, ... I live in a Gulf monarchy, and like all Arab tyrannical countries, I see high-rank persons and rulers spend public money lavishly to live in luxury and smuggling ill-gotten money in foreign banks, and they confiscate all economy of my homeland, thus providing food and other items to the poor with soaring prices ... Within such conditions, is it OK that oppressed citizens would steal electric current or water supply illegally without permission from the government? Is this part of rights to be taken by force from tyrants ruling my homeland? Or is it stealing? What do you think? ... Thank you ...).
Firstly: the oppressed citizens have the right to take their rights at the minimum and with justice, not exceeding the limits:
1- We mean they have the right to get their basic needs, with justice, from the tyrannical countries they live in; this is NOT stealing, as stealing is to take what is not yours. The oppressed citizens have lost rights within the tyrannical countries they live in. Tyrants and their cronies and henchmen confiscate and steal the wealth of a given nation which is owned by citizens who are deprived of their rights. Tyrants never willingly give rights to the citizens, and they punish any persons taking their rights without informing the unjust rulers, as per unjust laws issued to serve their purposes.
2- Those oppressed citizens taking their rights by their own hands are NOT disobeying God; this is in real Islam, provided that they adhere to justice as much as they can, not to exceed their limits and take more than what is rightfully their own. We mean rights within basic life needs that a State must provide: food, houses, clothes, education, health insurance, etc. within the minimum limit that preserve the right to live. Anyone getting more than their basic needs/rights by stealing are thieves and aggressors.
Secondly: tyrants and their cronies are the real thieves and enemies of justice and they must be faced so as not to allow despicable conditions aggravate and exacerbate until societies explode from within:
1- Tyrants are unfair despotic thieves who discard justice though it is commanded by God in the Quran: "God commands justice, and goodness, and generosity towards relatives. And He forbids immorality, and injustice, and oppression. He advises you, so that you may take heed." (16:90).
2- Justice is the law ordained by the Lord in all celestial messages and scriptures, and justice is the law/sharia of God to be applied by all citizens regardless of race, gender, age-group, religious affiliation, etc. within a given society: "We sent Our messengers with the clear proofs, and We sent down with them the Book and the Balance, that humanity may uphold justice. And We sent down iron, in which is violent force, and benefits for humanity. That God may know who supports Him and His messengers invisibly. God is Strong and Powerful." (57:25). This verse shows that all people must seek justice and resist unjust tyrants with all their might, even if they raise arms against tyrants (i.e., iron in 57:25 refers to this, in our view): justice is ordained by God in religion to stabilize societies, and likewise, iron is created by Him to stabilize the Earth as a planet.
3- When justice is lost in a given society, security, peace, and stability are lost, and the impecunious and the poor who barely survive must explode and revolt as they reach the verge of hunger and deprived of basic needs and rights because of the affluent corrupt ones (typical of Moses' Pharaoh and his retinue and people, as the most known Quranic example). Poor social classes are increasing exponentially because the middle-class is being ruined now worldwide. Typically, tyrants are isolated with the passage of time, and they have lost touch with citizens, and this leaves room for cronies and henchmen as well as other corrupt men to confiscate power, wealth, and authority, and their bank accounts have billions of $ while the poor classes get poorer and the middle-class strata (i.e., rich merchants, cultural elite, professional skilled workers, etc.) would vanish, and as the poorer and middle classes strata feel their money decrease and suffer inflation, the number of impecunious citizens increases beyond all expectations, until the needy will have to dig the garbage to scavenge for food! In contrast, the affluent filthily rich class would increase their luxury and extravagance, and their ruling a country means the ruin of society as per the Quranic verses 17:16 and 22:45.
4- If citizens never demand their rights (even by stealing) and revolt to seek justice from the State, the internal explosion is bound to occur.
Thirdly: money originally is God's and so are the Earth resources, and humankind is being tested during their lifetimes:
1- Money is made by making use of resources of Planet earth, and people must use them based on equal opportunity regardless of gender, race, financial status, etc., and God says in the Quran: " He placed stabilizers over it; and blessed it; and planned its provisions in four days, equally to the seekers." (41:10). Abilities, endeavors, and activities of human beings vary in this respect and so are their shares of earnings, wealth, losses, gains, etc. and this is a test among other tests in life for human beings; the rich are tested if they are going to be charitable or not, and the poor is tested if they are going to be patient or not, or in sum: will they be believers or not: "God has favored some of you over others in livelihood..." (16:71).
2- All assets, money, possessions, etc. on Earth are originally God's, and the human beings are deputized by God to share all this among themselves and the rich must donate to the poor: "...And give them of God's wealth which He has given you.." (24:33); "...and spend from what He made you inherit..." (57:7). Thus, the rich ones do not actually own God's money and creations; they are given such money as responsibility and a test. All of us will inevitably leave forever our possessions, money, etc. when we die or when we lose such money and assets. Let us all bear in mind that wealth is a test for the rich and the lack of money is a test for the poor and impecunious ones as well. The rich must charitably give the poor; this is the right of the poor ones, and this is how the rich ones pass the test of life, as failing it is when they are stingy. It is easily done that a rich one becomes poor and a poor one becomes rich. Rights of people must be given: "And give the relative his rights, and the poor, and the wayfarer..." (17:26); "So give the relative his rights, and the destitute, and the wayfarer. That is best for those who seek God's presence. Those are the prosperous." (30:38).
3- All assets, money, possessions, etc. on Earth are originally God's, and the State must preserve and invest them for the well-fare of citizens, and all resources in a given country are the property of all citizens and so is the money gained from them, even when controlled and invested by the State, and this right is bequeathed to children of dead citizens, when they come of age and their reasonableness is tested, because if they are far from being reasonable and act as responsible adults, their money is not given to them but to the benefit of all society, while giving the inheritors what is sufficient for their housing, clothes, food, etc. from the revenues and profits of such money invested by the State; we infer this from the following verse: "Do not give the immature your money which God has assigned to you for support. But provide for them from it, and clothe them, and speak to them with kind words." (4:5); the pronoun ''your'' here refers that all money is for the whole society if the inheritor is immature; otherwise, they can inherit their shares of money, and the test is inferred from this verse: " Test the orphans until they reach the age of marriage. If you find them to be mature enough, hand over their money to them. And do not consume it extravagantly or hastily before they grow up. The rich shall not charge any wage, but the poor may charge fairly. When you hand over their properties to them, have it witnessed for them. God suffices as a Reckoner." (4:6); this time, the pronoun ''their'' here refers to the fact that the money is for the inheritors who passed the test of maturity and can invest and use their money reasonably, for the benefit of all people, as the real owner of money is society, who can inherit the immature inheritors.
4- To differentiate between immature and responsible inheritors, we must see how inherited money is invested, consumed, and used; let us be reminded that there are rights of those who attend the distribution of inheritance shares without being inheritors themselves: "If the distribution is attended by the relatives, and the orphans, and the needy, give them something out of it, and speak to them kindly." (4:8). This means they are to be given from the original assets or money of the deceased, while the immature inheritors would be given earnings from profits of invested assets that play a role in serving society first, as this is the right of society.
5- Thus, the verse 4:5 asserts that money is originally for the benefit of all society that must invest it, and the verse 4:5 does NOT address rulers but communities; this is Quranic Shura or direct democracy of citizens' self-rule and how all citizens protect and share wealth of the State, even the wealth of immature are given back to the original owner: society at large.
6- The above Quranic teachings are ignored until now; the absolutist caliphs/successors/rulers would declare they own lands and assets as well as 'subjects' living on it, as if they were cattle not human beings, and rulers massacre anyone and confiscate everything along with the affluent class, and all of the assume they own people and have the 'divine' right to control, apply corvée, and massacre the subjects who are never free citizens: this is the history of caliphates of thieves and murderers: from Abou Bakr in the 7th century Arabia to Abou Bakr Al-Baghdadi of ISIS in Iraq, and from Omar Ibn Al-Khattab in the 7th century Arabia to Omar Al-Bashir of Sudan now!
7- Tyrants are unjust despots, thieves, and murderers, and the impecunious citizens whose dreams, rights, and money are confiscated by tyrants and their cronies have the right to steal or to get by force these rights, and if the poor citizens are penalized for it in prison, they are unjustly punished in lieu of punishing tyrants and their cronies. When so many poor ones are incarcerated in their attempts to retrieve their legitimate rights, all-out revolts are bound to occur!
|تاريخ الانضمام
|مقالات منشورة
|اجمالي القراءات
|تعليقات له
|تعليقات عليه
|بلد الميلاد
|بلد الاقامة
|United State
مشروع نشر مؤلفات احمد صبحي منصور
عن القسم ( أو الحلف ) بالله جل وعلا
ف 8 : الصلاة ( 2 ) يجوز للمرأة أن تؤم الرجال فى الصلاة ، طالما لم يرد فيه تحريم
المحمديون ملحدون .. فمتى يفيقون ؟!!
من أكاذيب السيرة ( المؤاخاة بين المهاجرين والأنصار ) و ( طلع البدر علينا )
دعوة للتبرع
الشذوذ من تالت: ( وَالل َّذَا نِ يَأْت ِيَان ِهَا ...
مزواج فى نهاية العمر: نحن من الصعي د فى مصر . ابى تزوج امى وأنجب نا ...
كمال غبريال: بكل اسف يوجد على صفحات كم مسيحي ين يكرهو ا ...
لا تعارض : هل هناك تعارض بين الله جل وعلا ينسى وبين أنه جل...
أهلا وسهلا به ومرحبا: بالني ابه عن اهل القرا ن في بلدتي ــ والذي ن ...more


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Here we go, yet again not featuring a dress on Wedding Dress Wednesday. But we're all about the unique and twists to the traditional over here. It's also important to remember that the "traditional" wedding (big white church wedding) is in decline and brides are increasingly marrying abroad; having civil ceremonies; entering into same-sex marriages (so happy we live in country that celebrates this!) or even opting for low-key (yet high in romance) elopements. There's also women who, 'just don't do dresses"…
…Which is where House of Ollichon comes in. House of Ollichon is the first dress-less bridal collection offering brides and bridesmaids a range of luxury jumpsuits, playsuits and combos all handmade in England. The idea behind the label was dreamt up by owner, Hannah Ollichon who had her own, 'big wedding' in France, complete with her big dress but found a huge gap in the market for stylish outfits to wear back in the UK for the registry service to legalise the marriage.
Our pick this week is the Lockwood jumpsuit made with very fine Italian crepe fabric and a lace corset from the Dentelle™ region in France. This warm blush jumpsuit features flowing trousers, a corseted top, blush bra straps and a narrow waistband. Not only do we think this makes a perfect piece for saying, 'I Do' in; we can even see brides opting to change into this during their reception to let their hair down (quite possibly literally) and dancing the night away!
We are also super excited to say that Hannah has agreed to be featured in our "Interview with…" segment, so we will be showcasing even more of her beautiful designs and understanding the inspiration behind them next month – keep your eyes peeled!
Do you love the idea behind this collection as much as us? xx


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Although most Niseko accommodation features self-catering full kitchen facilities, it's likely you won't feel like cooking dinner after a big day out on the slopes. Niseko town is full of a great range of small to medium sized restaurants which range from traditional Japanese cuisine to grills, seafood specialties, Thai and Indian food and even pub meals. Most Niseko restaurants are within easy walking distance of surrounding accommodation, with many hotels offering a convenient shuttle service for those who prefer to save their legs for the slopes.
Aside from being an easy end to the day, Niseko restaurants also offer a great après ski social scene. A chance to catch up with friends and fellow skiers, the warm indoors is the perfect way to relax those tired muscles and if a bit of warmth and good food doesn't do the trick, the sake definitely will! Whether you want to kick things off at the bar or continue long into the night, there are a few standout options in Niseko.
Despite its distinctly Japanese name, Tamashii is an English style pub right in the middle of town. The perfect spot to meet up with friends, the central location and warm and friendly atmosphere of Tamashii is always a winner. Wild Bills is another great place to relax after skiing and its cosy and unique interior will offer plenty to discover as you sip away. However perhaps the most iconic bar in Niseko, The Fridge is a super fun bar who's entrance is literally a fridge door. Prepare to spend plenty of time here.
Of course a full belly is the perfect way to warm up and unwind and there are plenty of local favourites to try while in Niseko. Kabuki 1 offers traditional Japanese cuisine while Lava Pizza offers a little taste of home with some of Japan's most amazing pizza. For great coffee and no fuss breakfasts stop by Green Farm Café. Similarly Jam Café Niseko offers tasty breakfast, lunch and dinners as well as a happy hour which is great for making new friends or catching up with old ones.
If you're after incredible grilled seafood in a cosy atmosphere, you can't go past EZO Seafood Bar however if you prefer a bit of turf with your surf, the amazing steak and seafood grill Bang Bang & Bang 2 will have your mouth watering. If you're all about the steak, Niseko's best high end steak restaurant is Steak Rosso Rosso where you can enjoy premium cuts of meat cooked to perfection. Last but definitely not least is Niseko Ramen, a restaurant not to be missed, and although you'll need to be prepared to line up, we can assure you that it's certainly worth the wait!


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Nobody knows better what gamers demand of their equipment than esports pros. The highly trained specialists fill entire stadiums around the globe with their perfect performances and are watched by many million viewers who cheer for them.
ARCTIC's new gaming headset gives you the chance to benefit from these stars' experience. Developed in close collaboration with the pros from Germany's leading esports brand PENTA Sports, the P533 PENTA fulfills the highest quality standards and is the perfect piece of equipment for rising stars.
- The smooth, noise canceling earpads and padded leatherette headband guarantee the highest level of comfort during intensive training sessions.
- Enhanced basses let you sink into any virtual world and create more in-depth and spectacular gaming experiences.
- During fast paced multiplayer battles the adjustable microphone ensures pinpoint precision; folding up automatically mutes it.
- The P533 PENTA is available for consoles and PC – the included 2m extension cord using 2 x 3.5 mm audio jacks provides plenty of free space.
The P533 PENTA is available in the ARCTIC Webshop from now on as well as on Amazon and the official PENTA Sports-Store for £65.00.


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How secure is your Cisco SDN?
The architecture of the ancient Rajput fortress of Jaisalmer in Rajasthan (India) might provide a suitable analogy to describe the need for multiple rings of security. Architected with 3 walls, one of stone and two more within, it ensured that there was no single point where security could be breached. If the external wall was breached by the enemy, they would potentially be stopped at the second wall. If the second wall was breached, the enemy got trapped between the 2nd and 3rd walls where the Rajput defenders would pour cauldrons of boiling oil on the trapped attackers. Similarly in network security there is no such thing as the ultimate perimeter based firewall or the ultimate malware detection tool. You need all of the above and still face the risk that some APT or malware will penetrate all your defenses.
Imagine this scenario: You are a service provider with a large data center; you have invested over the years in big iron routers and switches from Cisco and Juniper. You see the dawn of a new era where you can reduce the provisioning time for circuits and the cycle time for rollout of new services. After making sense of the confusing SDN messaging from major switch & router vendors you finally decide to use open source OpenStack for orchestration, Cisco APIC software to assign policy to flows and manage the Cisco ACI fabric comprising high end Cisco Nexus 9000 switches. Now what security issues do you face?
For one, the SDN stack itself is susceptible to Denial-of-Service (DoS) attacks. An attacker could potentially saturate the control plane with useless traffic to a point where the centralized SDN controller's voice never gets heard by the data plane. In theory, Cisco could use open source "Snort" (derived from SourceFire) to detect an attack and communicate this to the SDN controller which could reprogram the network to block the attack. However Snort while being a good open source IPS/IDS (with a rule based language combining signature, protocol and anomaly based inspection), is still reliant on regular signature updates. Snort has no way to detect web exploits like malicious Javascript. Snort may not help you with attacks like Advanced Persistent Threats (APT). In addition to this, OpenStack itself has a range of security related vulnerabilities as listed here.
Cisco made ~23 security related acquisitions before acquiring SourceFire, Cognitive Security and others. To date, vendors like Palo Alto Networks (mfr. of application aware firewalls), FireEye (mfr. of virtual machine based security), Mandiant (provider of incident response) and others have already carved out extensive security market-share at Cisco's expense. Time will tell if Cisco can actually integrate all the useful but disparate security related acquisitions to provide meaningful security for your SDN or whether they will leave the field open for the next generation of security upstarts. Phil Porras of SRI International mentions interesting security related use-cases for SDN like reflector nets, quarantine systems, emergency broadcasts & tarpits where SDN can be used to go beyond just blocking network attacks. It will be interesting to see if Cisco and Juniper can come up with imaginative solutions like these to adopters of their proprietary SDN solutions.


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John Adam Wasowicz's Daingerfield Island was featured in the recent editions of the Alexandria Gazette Packet and Publishers Weekly! In the Gazette Packet, Wasowicz shares some insight into his writing process, and talks about one of his novel's important threads—good vs. evil. The Publishers Weekly review steps into Wasowicz's career as a trial attorney, and how that is "put to good use" within the book.
You can pick up your copy of Daingerfield Island online, or at several independent bookstores along the East Coast. You can also see Wasowicz on his tour! See our Events page for more information.


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Though Cate Blanchett and "Frozen" co-director/co-writer Jennifer Lee's honors at Wednesday night's Women In Film's Crystal + Lucy Awards may have been a post-Oscar season victory lap of sorts, the timing for fellow WIF headliner Kerry Washington was more prospective. Emmy nomination voting started Monday of this week, so no better time for Washington to be bestowed with a "Lucy" — WIF's award for excellence in TV.
Washington's highlight reel drew laughs from the industry-heavy room at WIF's annual highest-honors event for funny moments from her "SNL" guest-hosting gig in November, which were included along with clips from her lead role on ABC's hit drama "Scandal."
Last year, Washington lost out to Claire Danes in the competitive lead actress in a drama race.
Also read: Kerry Washington on Spoilers: 'If You Don't Wanna Know the Score, Don't Follow ESPN'
Also read: Cate Blanchett Was Right – Women Making Little-to-No Progress in Landing Major Movie Roles
Cate Blanchett picked up the corresponding Crystal Award for excellence in film, after a thorough verbal valentine from pal Laura Dern.
"I was represented by Wolf-Kasteler, but I think Laura should be my publicist," Blanchett deadpanned. "So, Lisa (Kasteler), our 17 years have been great. Goodbye."
Blanchett's agent Hylda Queally was unequivocally still on the team. As per usual, she was by Blanchett's side, an easy walk across Avenue of the Stars from the CAA building.
See photos: Party Report in Pictures: Fergie, Josh Duhamel, Al Gore, Laverne Cox, Amy Poehler, Zachary Quinto
It was hard to know if two-time best actress Blanchett meant it when she said she did not prepare her laugh lines, and harder to believe it as she kept the crowd laughing for nearly ten minutes. But Blanchett was impressed by the company and crowd in the room.
Also read: What's Next for Acting Oscar Winners Cate Blanchett, Lupita Nyong'o, Matthew McConaughey, Jared Leto?
"Tonight is important. It's really big. A big deal, bigger than I realized," Blanchett said. "I didn't know what I thought I would be doing… quilting or something," she joked.
There were no quilts, not even in the gift bag that contained a "Blue Jasmine" Blu-ray, but the show was physically big.
With a house announcer, sign language interpreter stage right, jib, roaming handheld floor cameras, four screens surrounding a gold shimmery stage, Tracee Ellis Ross hosting, and Nell Scovell (a Vanity Fair contributor, Letterman and "The Simpsons" writer, and reportedly a President Obama joke writer) writing the show — the only thing missing was a TV broadcast.
Both next week's Critics Choice TV Awards and the fall's Hollywood Film Awards gala have beat a path from ballroom to "televised ballroom," and the scope of production here seemed larger than a "house show."
A Women in Film Awards TV broadcast wouldn't be such a leap for WIF's moonlighting president Cathy Schulman, who has a TV department down the hall from her daytime presidency at Mandalay Pictures.
There in the middle of the non-quilting, TV-ready ballroom was Eva Longoria circling her table with some friends… barefoot.
Comfortable out of heels, Longoria said she feels uncomfortable receiving awards for her foundation's work.
A modest Longoria ducked and looked away during her tribute reel which featured CNN and Bill Maher footage of her speaking in political arenas on education issues.
Moments later (with heels back on) and head high, she picked up the Norma Zarky Humanitarian Award.
"She's long ago graduated from being a 'petite sex icon'," pal Lake Bell said. Longoria and "Scandal" showrunner Shonda Rhimes led the way in a direct fundraising appeal, each making $10,000 text donations from their phones to support WIF's film finishing funds, grants, and scholarships to students in film school.
Two nights before winning the Best Animated Feature Oscar this year, "Frozen" co-director/co-writer Jennifer Lee braved the freak thunderstorm of Oscar weekend to mingle with the same crowd at WIF's Pre-Oscar cocktail party at Fig & Olive.
With the ultimate trophy and no suspense surrounding the Dorothy Arzner Director Award, Lee should have been feeling like Pharrell, but instead she was still nervous.
"To be acknowledged in the company of these amazing women, to me, 'they're women', and I'm the Fisher Price version," Lee said, drawing both natural and uncomfortable laughter.
"Animation reaches the new generations first. We're showing the world that female characters, if done with authenticity in the way that we know how inspiring they are, can get a whole world to come see them," Lee said.
Pixar and Disney boss John Lasseter sat by Lee's side on Wednesday night, as did her daughter.
From the stage, Lee asked her daughter to look around the room at potential mentors and allies that could help her navigate a career path.
Rose Byrne took home the Max Mara "Face of the Future" Award. Her mid-range future is the holiday release of "Annie," the remake with Quvenzhane Wallis in the lead.
"Oh God, I'm out in public," the notoriously private Kerry Washington said while stepping up to close the show.
"While I do love the word exceptional, I hope that it is no longer exceptional very, very soon for women to do anything exceptional in this business."
Tony Schubert (Event Eleven) produced the night, with BMW providing the talent rides, Perrier-Jouet flowing the champagne, and the South Coast Plaza mall joining as a sponsor, trying to lure the Century City crowd down to Costa Mesa.


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Want to know exactly what our recruiters at Arvon look for in a resume?
- First and foremost, with a resume you want to catch a recruiter's attention in six seconds or less
- A resume should include the following:
– Contact information
– Education
– Certifications
– Job experience & skills
– Keywords from job posting
– Accomplishments
– An objective
– Grammatical errors *Have a family member or friend review your resume for mistakes*
- Be sure to provide up-to-date information reflecting your most recent work experience and current contact information.
**Reminder: If your work experience, skills and background are not compatible with the requirements of the job posting, you are not likely to be called for an interview.


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If you're using multiple brands with your business, you can set up an automation to run only on jobs assigned to a specific brand by using a condition for Brand ID or Brand Name.
To get the brand name, go to Settings › Branding. To get the actual Brand ID, you'll edit the brand from the Settings page and use the last digits of the URL:
Here is the condition for Brand Name:
Here is the condition for Brand ID:


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3/4 cup crushed canned french fried onions
1 Tbs. flour
1/4 tsp. seasoning salt
1 can reduced fat refrigerated crescent dinner rolls
2 chicken breasts cut up into 16 pieces
1 egg, beaten
Heat oven to 375 degrees. Lightly grease cookie sheet. In a small bowl combine french-fried onions, flour and seasoning salt; blend well. Place beaten egg in a separate bowl. Separate dough into 8 triangles. Cut each in half lengthwise to make 16 long triangles. Dip chicken into the beaten egg and the coat with onion mixture. Place one coated piece on wide end of each triangle: roll to opposite point. Place point side down on greased cookie sheet. Brush tops with remaining beaten egg. If you like you can sprinkle them with sesame seeds.
Bake at 375 degrees for 12 to 15 minutes or until golden brown. Serve warm or cold.


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The Middle East's Che Guevara? Killing elevates Soleimani as icon, martyr
DUBAI, United Arab Emirates – Portraits of Qasem Soleimani have been carried aloft in rallies from Gaza to Yemen, raising the prospect that his violent death will elevate him as an icon of anti-American resistance.
The powerful Iranian commander, who was buried on Wednesday, January 8 was hailed as a "living martyr" in the Islamic republic for his military and strategic exploits that included halting the Islamic State group as it rampaged across Iraq and Syria.
Soleimani spearheaded Iran's Middle East operations as head of the Revolutionary Guards' Quds Force, masterminding Shiite proxy militias, and some Sunni allies, in a career that saw President Donald Trump brand him a "monster."
After his assassination at the age of 62 in a US drone strike in Baghdad, some observers say his martyr status will grow, rendering him a figurehead for the disparate pro-Iranian groups that he guided and fostered.
"The shock factor isn't so much that Soleimani has died – he was after all in many battles – but the way the US president has taken ownership of this will create that type of zeal and drive and commitment across the Middle East," said Ellie Geranmayeh from the European Council on Foreign Relations.
Soleimani was a polarizing figure, even within his own country, and pro-Iranian forces have their own agendas and strategies, but the dramatic nature of his death could serve as a unifying force.
The so-called Iranian "axis of resistance" stretching from Iran to the Mediterranean Sea will be "galvanized to focus more on their ultimate goal which is the US withdrawal from as much of the Middle East as possible," Geranmayeh told AFP.
'We are all Qasem Soleimani'
The outpouring of emotion over Soleimani's death saw mourners pack the streets of Tehran on Monday. The following day tragedy struck in his hometown, with more than 50 people killed in a stampede during a massive funeral procession.
On social media, supporters have posted illustrations of the slain commander being greeted in heaven.
And elsewhere among Muslim Shiite communities, where Soleimani was seen as a champion in the face of Sunni aggression, there were expressions of grief, anger and resolve.
"The blood of the martyrs... is not just Iranian or Iraqi but belongs to the Muslim community and to free men around the world," said a Huthi official in Sanaa, the Yemeni capital held by the Iran-backed militia.
At a mourning ceremony in the Gaza Strip Soleimani was eulogized by the militant Palestinian movement Islamic Jihad.
In Lebanon his image was raised along a highway leading to the airport and in several Hezbollah strongholds.
Inside the Beirut airport, black-clad women arriving from the Iraqi shrine city of Najaf carried his portraits as they walked through the arrivals hall, chanting "death to America" in scenes that went viral.
"Soleimani was the most important and influential military commander in the 'axis of resistance.' He has invested his whole life, since his youth in deterring the region's neo-imperialists," said Lokman, a 22-year-old Lebanese graduate.
"I believe his assassination has revived the collective consciousness of tens of millions of people in the region, prompting them to stand up against the oppression and exploitation of the United States and its proxies."
Mideast's Che Guevara?
In Iran, Soleimani was widely regarded as a hero for his staunch defense of the country, his defeat of the ISIS jihadist group, and his role in the grinding 1980s conflict between Iran and Iraq.
In recent years he stepped out of the shadows and became an unlikely celebrity in Iran – replete with a huge following on Instagram.
As his influence rose and calls for him to enter politics grew louder, he was admired for his insistence on remaining on the battlefield.
Since his death, Soleimani has been hailed as the "Che Guevara of the Middle East" in some quarters, but the region's schisms and fractures present a much more complex picture.
"They're packaging Soleimani as this foreign policy guru, martyr, strategist... away from the narrative that he was a terrorist and responsible for loss of life," said Sanam Vakil from the London-based Chatham House.
"It looks useful (for Iran) right now but we don't know how durable it is," she said. "Depending on where you live and your world view you'll see Soleimani in one way or another."
In the northern Syrian city of Aleppo, hundreds took to the streets Tuesday, January 7 to condemn the killing, holding aloft pictures of the general and those slain alongside him, and burning American and Israeli flags.
"We are all Qasem Soleimani," one demonstrator told AFP.
The Syrian opposition and Aleppo's displaced residents however accuse Soleimani of masterminding a brutal siege and ensuing military campaign that killed hundreds and displaced thousands of the city's residents.
In the jihadist-held province of Idlib, they distributed sweets to celebrate his assassination. – Rappler.com


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Girls' Generation's Sunny goes beachside in Bali for "SURE"
Sunny from Girls' Generation returns to the limelight with a subtly summer shoot with fashion magazine, SURE.
On April 19th, the preview photo from her pictorial was released on Instagram which featured Sunny lounging in the beautiful scenery of Bali, Indonesia. The glimpse of her shoot highlighted her the subtle but seductive charm of the concept as Sunny posed with red lips and dark make-up by the seaside as she gazed at the camera with dreamy eyes.
The pictorial was shot in Bali, Indonesia after Girls' Generation kicked off a successful concert stop in Jakarta recently.
Source: Dispatch


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Picasso, Baby! is a network graph that visualises the connections between rappers and the modern & contemporary painters they name drop in their rhymes.
Spanning 1979 – 2014 the graph gives a glimpse of the historical relationship that rappers have to the artistic mastery of Pablo Picasso,Jay-Z as market maker, the perceived archetypal divisiveness of Yoko Ono, and the recent increasing popularity of Jean-Michel Basquiat.
Available as a gallery quality Giclée print on natural white, matte, ultra smooth, 100% cotton rag, acid and lignin free archival paper using archival inks.
Order a limited edition poster here.
Explore the interactive version here (best viewed in Google Chrome).
All data is collected from The Hip Hop Word Count. Edited at the the Frank-Ratchye STUDIO for Creative Inquiry. Designed using Gephi. Formatted for the web using Sigma.js from Oxford Internet Institute and JISC.


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Turkey's Parliamentary Speaker, Cemil Cicek has warned that judicial independence in Turkey has been wiped out.
The government has been heavily criticised for obstructing justice after an investigation into corruption involving four ministers was launched.
"Article 138 of the Constitution has become extinct in this country," said Cicek of the particular Article that deals with judicial independence.
He stressed that everyone had a duty to respect the law, and justice was only achievable by the rule of law. "By interpreting a judicial verdict in a way that suits our purposes, we are politicising the judiciary," the Speaker said
Opposition parties slammed the government for impeding the first investigation and blocking the second one which allegedly implicates Prime Minister Erdogan's son, Bilal Erdogan.
Article 138 of the Constitution says:
"Judges shall be independent in the discharge of their duties; … No organ, authority, office or individual may give orders or instructions to courts or judges regarding the exercise of judicial power, send them circulars, make recommendations or suggestions. … No questions shall be asked, debates held or statements made in the Legislative Assembly relating to the exercise of judicial power concerning a case under trial."
A day or so after the first corruption investigation began on 17th December, Istanbul Chief Public Prosecutor Turan Colakkadi appointed, apparently on government instructions, two extra prosecutors to the ongoing corruption probe, which opposition parties maintained was a move to water down and hinder the investigation.
Since the launch of the investigation, the government has replaced hundreds of high-level police officers in various cities, including those who were, under the instruction of prosecutors, conducting an investigation that allegedly revealed that three ministers had been bribed by an Iranian businessman. The government has accused the prosecutors and police chiefs who launched and carried out the investigation of being part of a Western plot against the government.
Cicek, who drew attention to the fact that Turkey is among the countries where separation of powers most often becomes a contentious subject, said: "We are the first in violating the rules we ourselves put into place. I can cite countless examples for you."
One week after the first investigation began, phase two, which was to be led by public prosecutor, Muammer Akkas, and allegedly implicates the Prime Minister's son, it emerged that police officers had disregarded the prosecutor's instructions to make arrests. Immediately afterwards Akkas, who maintained that he had been prevented from performing his duty in the investigation, was removed from his post. The prosecutor's removal came only a day after he had ordered the detention of 30 suspects, including a number of deputies and businessmen.
The Speaker of the the House was also critical of the attitude of the government towards the second phase of the corruption probe. In reference to Akkas' case, he said: "No [public] body, nor the executive can in any way amend the verdicts of the courts. They cannot delay the implementation of those verdicts as well." Critical of the delayed handling of decisions made by the judiciary, Cicek said: "The legislative and executive organs need to respect the verdicts handed out by the courts of law."
As part of the first graft probe, prosecutors asked Parliament to lift the immunity of four government ministers, three of whom resigned after the Dec. 17 raids. The other was removed in a later Cabinet reshuffle. The government not only paid no attention to the prosecutor's demand, but also amended police regulations to require officers to notify their superiors before carrying out prosecutors' instructions in investigations.
In the current corruption probe in which former ministers, Muammer Guler, Zafer Caglayan, Erdogan Bayraktar, together with their sons, and Egemen Bagis have been implicated, the amendment have obliged the police to inform the interior minister that they were investigating his son.
The president of the Turkish Bar Association (TBB), Metin Feyzioglu was heavily critical of the government for interfering with the judiciary, saying that if a governor is preventing security officials from complying with a prosecutor's orders, the state structure has been turned upside down.


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Jane Gittins
September 24, 2015
National industry awards recognize excellence in the Personal Injury sector
The Eclipse Proclaim Personal Injury Awards 2015 have announced their shortlisted nominees, and Spencers Solicitors are thrilled to confirm that Head of Legal Operations Jane Gittins has been shortlisted as a finalist in the category of Practice Manager of the Year.
In a record year for applications, in which the judging panel commented on the high quality of submissions, Jane's nomination is a reflection of her exceptional work in both leading the legal team and her key contribution to the running of the firm.
Her nomination also comes on the back of special mention as a recommended lawyer in this year's Legal 500, noted as being "professional and extremely efficient".
Commenting on the news of Jane's shortlisting, Spencers Solicitors CEO Rob Landman said:
"We are delighted that Jane has been put forward as a finalist, in what is clear recognition of her hard work and dedication to the firm's growth. In her fifteen years at Spencer's Jane has been central to nurturing and developing the team around her, as well as putting into place many of the processes and structures which have enabled us to perform at such excellent levels. Her leadership and legal knowledge are an invaluable asset, and the accolade is thoroughly deserved."
Now in their eighth year, the Eclipse Proclaim Personal Injury Awards provide an opportunity to highlight and celebrate the excellence of individuals and organisations across the personal injury claims sector.
The awards ceremony is due to take place on the 26th November 2015, at The Grange in St. Paul's, where all winners will be announced. An evening of celebration for those nominated, the awards are to be hosted by comedian Stephen K. Amos.
At Spencers Solicitors we are fearlessly committed to our clients and ensuring that their best interests are central to everything we do. To maintain this focus, we request client feedback at the conclusion of every case we handle. By sharing the responses we receive, you'll find out why clients choose Spencers Solicitors to deal with their legal issues.
4.2 out of 5 following 116 client feedback results at Spencers Solicitors
Our offices are conveniently located near to Chesterfield town centre & fully equipped with onsite meeting facilities, disabled access and free parking.
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I can tell you it was a real "flaming" experience.
Knowing that it was New Year day, Auntie Little Bird called and make a booking earlier by a few days. It was a rather worrisome experience. When Auntie Little Bird called them up, the one who was online seems to be rather impatient. Told Auntie Little Bird, okay and hang up just like that without asking for her contact number or anything. Hey..don't restaurant normally would ask for name and contact number when you make a booking?
Auntie Little Bird got worried and e-mailed them. Only then did they gave her a booking number but without asking her where we preferred to be seated.
Hence when we arrived, we found ourselves seated at the sidewalk. Guess, it's the "smoking area" gua. Gua okay leh but my Dear how? She is not comfortable if it's hot leh.
Okay la...nevermind la. Maybe the food here is worth the slight discomfort. Got penyakit berjankit from Mamarazzi. Am now turning into "anakrazzi". I take photo first before eating.
Asked the staff there and he replied "rosak". *Pengsan*. According to Auntie Little Bird, this branch was around for less than 6 months. So fast the machine rosak ah?
We arrived that place around 7pm. Previous diners must have been very fond of fingers foods coz most of the finger food advertised was no longer there. Tarak french fries, tarak potato wedges, tarak yam roll, tarak chicken nugget and tarak curry samosa. Ish..ish.. ish... sikit also tarak left for us.
Then look for another cup..okay..fine..got a clean one. She poured a cup of coffee for herself lor. Then see see..uiks...why not hot geh? Asked the staff. Staff said "opps...lupa 'on' the machine. Haiz...looks like it's just not her day.
Eat punya eat..they all laugh at me. Calling me "Hail! Hitler!" . Ask me to raise my hand pulak tu. Hmm...don't know why Auntie Little Bird and Mamarazzi laughing till rolling at the sidewalk. Lucky tak kena car langgar.


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Covid-19 has the world going nuts. With that, you are constantly hearing about shortages of hand sanitizers. With Germ-X being a very popular hand sanitizer next to Purell, getting it in stock is close to impossible. The only place to find it is for $75+ dollars on eBay, which is absolutely insane. As a result, looking to find hand sanitizers similar to Germ-X is a natural desire. In actuality though, there are 1000s of brands of hand sanitizers, that you have never heard of. It all comes down to the alcohol content, which determines the effectiveness of the hand sanitizer. Good luck getting it at Target or Walmart, but finding it online at reasonable prices is not. While Germ-X is a very popular brand, there are tons of similar hand sanitizers to Germ-X that are just as good.
So Where Can I Get Hand Sanitizers Now?
Of course, eBay and Amazon are options. The thing you'll notice is, you will see hand sanitizer brands that you have never heard of. Always make sure to check the alcohol content & the reviews of course. Another area, believe it or now, is Alibaba express. There will be a delay in shipping, but you will get them. Among those spots, but you will find some hand sanitizers similar to Germ-X that will do wonders.
Are Generic Hand Sanitizers Similar to Germ-X?
Every large store / pharmacy had their own brand of hand sanitizer. Not only were these work, these were also cheaper, really cheap in comparison.. The present day issue is even the generic hand sanitizers aren't available. One thing you can do, is becoming very friendly with a Walgreens employee. Most of these Walgreens employees get paid slightly above minimum wage anyways. Anything you offer them on the side , as in can you put one on the side for me (hide one for me, text me, you get the drill), will be quite worth the investment. Even if the hand sanitizer is similar to Germ-X, tell them to put it aside for you!
Should I Create My Own Hand Sanitizer?
I'm not a fan of this whatsoever. The risks of doing this wrong can cause some serious side effect.You are seeing tons of do-it-yourself videos of hand sanitizers on Youtube and articles describing how to make your own hand sanitizer. The issue is the horror stories. If you do it incorrectly, you can cause serious burns and dryness to your hands. Meanwhile, you might not even be properly sanitizing your hands. Best best, instead of creating your own hand sanitizer, take a look at hand sanitizers similar to Purell that you never knew existed. These will still do the job, just be sure to do a little research before buying it. If you follow those steps, you can find the hand sanitizer you need without driving yourself crazy! After all, there's enough madness in the world to add hand sanitizer to the list! PS. soap still does the trick people!


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Volume 7 Num. 1 - April 2007
Effects of Hypnotic Induction and Hypnotic Depth on Phonemic Fluency: A Test of the Frontal Inhibition [Efecto de la Inducci?n y Profundizaci?n Hipn?tica en la Fluidez Fon?mica: Una Evaluaci?n de la Teor?a de la Inhibici?n Frontal de la Hipnosis]
Volume 7 Num. 1 - April 2007 - Pages 27-40
Graham F. Wagstaff, Jon C. Cole and Joana Brunas-Wagstaff
According to the frontal inhibition account of hypnosis, many of the phenomena traditionally associated with hypnosis, such as the suspension of reality testing and loss of planning functions, come about because hypnosis produces decrements in frontal lobe performance. In line with this view, previous studies investigating the frontal inhibition account of hypnosis have found that phonemic fluency performance declines with hypnotic induction, but only for high hypnotizables. However, these studies were limited by their use of small restricted samples and suggestion based measures of hypnotizability. The aim of the present study was to attempt to investigate this effect using a sample which included a full range of hypnotizability, and dividing the phonemic fluency task into its frontal (switches) and temporal (cluster size) components. In addition, depth reports were used to assess the influence of hypnotic induction instead of suggestion based measures of hypnotizability. Results showed that overall, hypnosis had a negative effect on frontal aspects of the fluency task, and a positive effect on temporal aspects of the task; however, whilst the resulting changes partly differentiated those of medium depth from the other groups, they did not differentiate between subjects of high and low hypnotic depth. High hypnotic depth, however, was related to better phonemic fluency performance in the nonhypnotic condition. An explanation in terms of divided attention is proposed, the importance of adequate sampling in neuropsychological studies of hypnosis emphasized, and problems
for the frontal inhibition account of hypnosis are identified
Key words:
Hypnosis, Hypnotizability, Frontal lobes, Verbal fluency, Divided attention
Full Article
More articles in this volume
- [1-12] Social Perception Training in Schizophrenia: A Pilot Study [Entrenamiento en Percepci?n Social en la Esquizofrenia: un Estudio Piloto]
- [13-26] Variables Predictoras de los Resultados de un Programa de Prevenci?n Secundaria de la Depresi?n [Outcome Predictors in a Depression Secondary Prevention Program]
- [41-60] Evaluaci?n de Actitudes Sexuales Machistas en Universitarios: Primeros Datos Psicom?tricos de las Versiones Espa?olas de la Double Standard Scale (DSS) y de la Rape Supportive Attitude Scale (RSAS) [Evaluating Sexist Attitudes with University Students: First Psychometric Data of Spanish Versions of the Double Standard Scale (DSS) and the Rape Supportive Attitude Scale (RSAS)]
- [61-71] Habilidades Sociales y Apoyo Social en Esquizofrenia [Social Skills and Social Support in Schizophrenia]
- [73-117] An?lisis de la Movilidad del Alumnado en los Estudios Universitarios de Psicolog?a en Espa?a [An Analysis of the Student Movility in University Degrees of Psychology in Spain]


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Mystery of the Japanese Werewolf Review
Price: $0.99
Version Reviewed: 1.8
Device Reviewed On: iPad 2, iPod touch 4
Graphics / Sound Rating:
Game Controls Rating:
Gameplay Rating:
Replay Value Rating:
Overall Rating:
Mystery of the Japanese Werewolf is a game of Metroidvania style of open world platforming, that isn't afraid to put a few touchscreen elements in there. The story involves a tyrannosaurus rex from space who needs help getting rid of an intruder who has sabotaged his spaceship. So, a random blue-haired woman with a sword goes to help him out because why not.
The ship is laid out with several different environments that wind up criss-crossing with each other, so there's not just one forest section, and one underwater section, but perhaps a forest section with a space section in-between at points. The goal is to go through and collect abilities, including a double-jump and the ability to destroy certain colored blocks on the screen by tapping on them, before reaching the ship's control center. It's more of a bite-sized Metroidvania experience with a sudden ending than a full-fledged game, though we are talking about this being on a mobile OS.
The game does a great job at feeling modern while still being very retro. The graphics are all 8-bit inspired, with an optional scanline effect. The music is largely the same theme, that is played in different ways depending on which part of the ship the player is in. Using the heroine's shirt color to represent her health is a touch of genius. The t-rex and heroine have witty and occasionally meta-referential banter throughout the game, with the t-rex despairing when she dies, but then realizing that she's respawned, and trying to pretend that he was yelling about something else.
The game is a universal app, and it supports iCloud saves between devices. In particular, one save slot is iCloud-enabled specifically. While it's not possible to copy to or from this slot, it at least works perfectly. The game is also compatible with the iCade, including the new iCade Mobile, and is a perfect fit with the iCade, giving the game just a perfect retro feel. It's like playing a lost Game Boy classic on the iCade Mobile in particular.
Repetition with Mystery of the Japanese Werewolf is pretty much the only issue. The witty meta-referential lines start to get old after they're repeated. The new abilities wind up just being the same as the old ones, just with the ability to destroy new blocks. Even the boss enemy recurs with similar ways to defeat him.
Of course, the game is still just a $0.99 platformer created by one person, and while its tricks wear out their welcome, the game's inventive elements and retro-style fun are well worth experiencing.


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About Janet Mock
Janet Mock is a Emmy-nominated writer, director and executive producer for the FX drama series POSE and the Netflix limited series HOLLYWOOD and MONSTER. She's also the New York Times bestselling author of two memoirs, Redefining Realness (2014) and Surpassing Certainty (2017) about her journey as a trans woman.
In 2019, Mock signed a historic deal with Netflix, making her the first trans person to sign a production pact with a major studio. With her partnership with the streamer, Janet will create and produce her own television projects. That same year, she received Harvard University's Artist of the Year Award and was named one of The Hollywood Reporter's "Women in Entertainment Power 100" and included on Vanity Fair's "New Establishment" list. She has also been named one of TIME's 100 most influential people. She has written for The New Yorker, The New York Times and Marie Claire, and has appeared on the covers of Entertainment Weekly, British VOGUE, Marie Claire and the Hollywood Reporter.
Janet Mock is the New York Times bestselling author of two memoirs, Redefining Realness (2014) and Surpassing Certainty (2017), a writer, director and executive producer of the Emmy and Golden Globe-nominated drama series POSE, for which she made history as the first trans woman of color to write and direct for television with the landmark script, "Love Is the Message."
A feminist activist tackling stigma through storytelling, Janet broke ground in 2014 with the release of her pioneering and profound memoir Redefining Realness which was the first biography written from the perspective of a young trans person. It debuted on the New York Times bestsellers list in 2014 and Janet was interviewed by Oprah Winfrey for Super Soul Sunday. Her second book, Surpassing Certainty, a memoir about the years in her life when she was not public about being trans, was praised by Kirkus as a "defining chronicle of strength and spirit…brimming with liberated self-discovery."
On January 21, 2017, Mock, who founded #GirlsLikeUs and #TransBookDrive, addressed millions on stage at the Women's March on Washington, where she urged for an intersectional and inclusive movement that included all women: trans women, undocumented people, sex workers and disabled folk. "I stand here today, most of all, because I am my sister's keeper…Our approach to freedom need not be identical, but it must be intersectional and inclusive."
Janet began her media career at People.com (People magazine's website), where she worked for five years climbing the ranks at Time Inc. from Staff Writer to Staff Editor upon her departure in 2012. She has since produced the HBO documentary The Trans List, where she conducted all interviews and worked with Timothy Greenfield-Sanders. She also created the interview podcast Never Before with Pineapple Street Media, which featured in-depth conversations with Tina Knowles-Lawson, Rep. Maxine Waters, and Tarell Alvin McCraney. She has also served as a correspondent for Entertainment Tonight, a contributing editor for Marie Claire, and anchor for MSNBC, where she hosted the pop culture series, "So POPular!"
Janet's story of growing up trans caught the nation's attention in a 2011 Marie Claire article. Since then she's become a media powerhouse. TIME named her to its 100 Most Influential People list, Variety named her one of its "Power of Women," Ebony listed her on its Ebony 100, Fast Company named her one of the "most creative people in business" while the PEN Center USA honored her with an Award of Honor during the 2017 Literary Awards.
Janet has been interviewed on ELLEN, Wendy Williams, The Daily Show, Late Night with Seth Meyers, Desus & Mero, and Real Time with Bill Maher. She has appeared on the covers of British VOGUE, Marie Claire, Entertainment Weekly, The Hollywood Reporter, Who What Wear, Paper, OUT and C☆NDY magazines.
A native of Honolulu, Janet attended the University of Hawaii at Manoa, earned her MA in journalism from New York University, and serves on the board of the Arcus Foundation. She lives in New York and Los Angeles.
keeper… Our approach to
but it must be intersectional and inclusive."
- Janet Mock addressing millions at the women's march on washington
Television & Film
Kimberly Carver, MANAGER
EMAIL // email@example.com
Ruby Kaye, FILM AGENT
EMAIL // firstname.lastname@example.com
Lauren Fox, tv Agent
EMAIL // firstname.lastname@example.com
Alex Alton, speaking Agent
EMAIL // firstname.lastname@example.com
Michelle Margolis
EMAIL // email@example.com
Charlotte Hamilton
EMAIL // email@example.com
Ryan D. Harbage
Due to self-care and personal boundaries, Janet cannot read and/or reply to all emails, requests for signal-boosts, or personal queries. She does not accept any unsolicited materials.


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During the period 1994-2010 the average observed gender wage gap in Colombia is significant and persistent: 13% in 1994 which slightly decreases to 12% by 20101. But the gap is not constant along the wage distribution, as Figure 1 depicts.
Figure 1: Observed Gender Wage Gap across the Wage Distribution of Workers
The figure reveals that for the two years, the gender wage gap follows a non-monotonic trend: it is very high at the bottom of the wage distribution, decreases around the middle and increases slightly for the highest wage percentiles. More precisely, the wage differential is around 54% (44%) among women and men who gain the 5% of the lowest wages in 1994 (2010), decreases at around 10% for middle earners and particularly for 2010 raises to 20% for highest wage earners.
With respect to differences in the gender wage gap among the two years, we can see that it is lower at the bottom of the wage distribution for 2010 with respect to 1994, although it decreases more slowly, whereas in 2010 the gap is sharper at the right end of the wage distribution. When accounting of the determinants of these differences, we must take into account that the Colombian labor market has gone through very significant compositional changes. The most relevant one is the change in the educational attainment of workers. In 1994 the percentage of college-educated workers was just 11%; however, by 2010 this figure had quadrupled. This increase has been more pronounced for female workers, whose proportion of college-educated workers was 8 percentage points higher than that of their male counterparts by 2010.
Together with changes in the educational level, some job characteristics have also experienced an impressive change during this period: the number of employees with indefinite contracts fell by half, mainly in the private sector. And the proportion of public sector workers also dropped sharply, from 13% in 1994 to 7% in 2010. Both changes have affected more women than men.
As these changes have not affected men and women equally, they undoubtedly have had an impact on the distribution of wages and on the gender wage gap. Therefore, we relate changes in the observed gender wage gap between 1994 and 2010 with observed changes in education, type of employment (public/private) and type of contract (indefinite/other type of contract) in Colombia. This may help predict future trends in the gender wage gap in Colombia, and therefore may help to design public policies aimed at decreasing the wage gap between men and women.
Using the methodology developed by DiNardo, Fortin, Lemieux (DFL) (1996), which is explained in a recent paper, we compute what the distribution of wages would have been in 2010 had the educational attainment, the proportion of public-sector workers, and the proportion of indefinite contracts remained at 1994 levels. The counterfactual distribution reveals the extent to which the gender wage gap has been affected by changes observed in each of the three characteristics and by all three of them together2.
Our main results:
Educational attainment has contributed to reduce the gender wage gap, on average in 4 percentage points and the greater impact is observed at the top of the distribution of wages, that is, among female and male workers with the highest wages. This means that if educational attainment had not occurred, especially for women, gender wage gap would be on average 16% instead of 12%; and 18% in percentile 75th instead of 4%.
With regards to labor characteristics, the decrease in the number of public employees has contributed to increase the gap, mainly at the top of the wage distribution. Therefore, if reduction in the size of state had not happened, on average gap would have disappeared and would favor especially women who gain higher wages.
On the other hand, the decrease in the number of workers with permanent contract has helped increased the gap in around 7 percentage points and in this case the greater impact is observed at the bottom of the distribution of wages, that is, affecting mainly women who gain the lowest wages.
Finally, given that these three changes have occurred during the period of reference simultaneously, it would be interesting to learn to what extent the three together have changed the female and male wage distributions, and hence the gender wage gap. Findings reveal that the effect of job characteristics has helped counter the positive effect of education.
So far this analysis has been performed for the observed gender wage gap, not taking into account the whole set of differences in observable personal and job characteristics of workers. In order to compare wages of men and women with similar characteristics, we also have computed the adjusted gender wage gap, which is the gender wage gap that we would observe among men and women who have the same demographic and job characteristics. Figure 2 presents the distribution of the Adjusted Gender Wage Gap for 1994 and 2010.
Figure 2: Adjusted Gender Wage Gap across the Wage Distribution of Workers
Figure 2 reveals that when we compare similar men and women, on average the gap falls to 8% and 9% in 1994 and 2010, which suggests that observable characteristics explain an important part of the observed gap. Moreover, figure 2 shows that unlike the observed gap depicted in Figure 1, the adjusted gap is monotonically increasing throughout the distribution of wages, revealing the so-called ceiling pattern (term introduced by Albrecht, Björklund and Vroman (2003)), which means that women's wages fall further behind similar men´s wages at the top of the distribution than at the middle or at the bottom.
Additionally, we have computed the adjusted wage gap, controlling for sample selection of workers in sample, which means controlling for the fact that labor force participation has increased during the analysed period, especially for women in around 11 percentage points. Failure to account for this might bias the estimated adjusted wage gap.
In the line of previous studies, our results confirm that sample selection is an important issue to take into account when estimating wages in Colombia and the glass ceiling effect observed without control for non-randomness in the sample is stronger after controlling for sample selection.
1. The observed gender wage gap is computed as the difference between the average logarithms of hourly wages of male and female workers.
2. The data to perform this work were drawn from the Colombian Household Survey for the second quarters of 1994 and 2010, carried out by the Colombian National Statistical Department (DANE).
Authors contact information:


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When summertime comes, people in the Sacramento, CA area know that it is time to throw open all the doors and windows and enjoy the breeze. It is time to think about getting a screen door, so you can enjoy as much fresh air as possible, uninhibited by the danger of letting bugs into your house or letting your kids run amok in the street. The screen door experts at Screen Door Sacramento can provide you with all your screen door needs, including retractable screen doors and disappearing screen doors. Our screen door experts can also provide screen door repair, if you already have a screen door and it has become ripped since last summer.
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