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Algorithms for Working with Triangulated Surfaces
Let's imagine that you and your friends just took out a steaming pepperoni pizza out of the oven. How would you go about triangulating (divide using triangles) the surface (the pizza) into equal pieces? This shouldn't be to hard, should it? But what if someone took a knife and placed a couple of points on the pizza, and said the triangulation has to contain triangles that have those points as vertices. How would unite the dots, making sure that the triangles you get yield the fairest division? Not so easy is it?
This is a problem that most graphics software engineers encounter. But their conundrum is even more complicated as they deal with millions of points located in 3D space, and the process they're using has to be automated and work for every possible case. Because we will use this problem to guide us through the concepts presented in this post, we should first offer a clear description of the problem and of the solution we are looking for. In Computer Graphics, models (let's say a human face) are made of thousand of patches that consist of a fixed number of points (usually numbers that are perfect squares). These points keep track of their position in 3D space (these are called world coordinates, as they lie in the coordinate system of the model). Because the computer programmer wants to create a realistic human face while making his program fast, he or she devises an algorithm that subdivides the patches into subpatches that have less than a certain distance in screen coordinates between adjacent points (i.e. the distance between two points on the screen will be smaller than an certain limit). This way, instead of having nice patches made out of 16, 25 or 36 points, we end up with all sorts of random configuration of points. And we have lots of such configurations. We are interested in finding an algorithm that, after the aforementioned subdivision, is able to create a triangulation of all the points in the model, while rendering an image as realistic as possible. By realistic, we understand that we don't want our triangles to be too skinny, too big or too small, because that would create a deformed face (not that every face isn't beautiful in its own way). Also, we are not allowed to have edges crossing each other (because that wouldn't be a triangulation anymore), and we are not allowed to add new points. To keep the problem simple, we will ignore things like aliasing and hidden surface removal, and we will also reduce our example to two dimensions. The presented method works in all dimensions, and the problem can actually be reduced to two dimensions by creating a bounding cube around the object and reflecting the points onto the closest face).
A mathematical structure that encompasses all of the above requirements is the Delaunay Triangulation. Before jumping into any algorithms, we shall first try to gain a mathematical understanding of Delaunay Triangulations. We can define Delaunay Trinagulations in two ways:
- Geometrically, a Delaunay triangulation for a set P of points in a plane is a triangulation DT(P) such that no point in P is inside the circum-circle (the unique circle that passes through each of the triangle's three vertices) of any triangle in DT(P) .
- Topologically, a Delaunay triangulation of a finite set is isomorphic to the nerve of the Voronoi diagram of .
As with most things in life, let us first ignore the harder definition and focus on the geometric one. The following image should make the definition clearer:
Because for our set no points lie within the circumcirlces of triangles , then . Note that the triangulation of a set of points is a set of triangles. This definition is clear and easy, and it will be the one we will use when implementing our algorithm. However, why this specific triangulation works for our imposed conditions is not that apparent. If we take a look at the three triangulations above, we can observe that the Delaunay Triangulation is the most 'aesthetically pleasing' one, in the way that we don't have long, slim triangles and that we only connect points that are close to each other. As it turns out, this 'aesthetically pleasing' property is given by the fact that Delaunay Triangulations maximize the minimal angle. In other words, the minimal angle of all the triangles in a Delaunay Triangulation of a set , will be larger than the minimal angle of all the other triangulations of . Why does the property that no point of lies within the circumcircle of any triangle maximize the minimal angle? Pick a triangle in our triangulation and look at its least angle. Observe that as we move the vertex at that angle away from the center of the circle, two things happen: the circle increases in area along with the odds of another point of the set entering the circle, and the angle further decreases. So, because we are trying to form triangles with circumcircles that are as small as possible (ATTENTION: this is only an implication that is generally true, but it isn't by any means a requirement, as Delunay triangulations don't concern minimizing the edge length),we are ensuring that our triangulation connects points that are close and that we are avoiding 'ugly' triangles. This makes the Delaunay triangulation a perfect solution to our problem. Other properties of Delaunay Triangulations that we will take for granted are: every set of points in the Euclidean Space has a Delaunay Triangulation that is unique if no two points lie on the same sphere, the union of all the triangles form the convex hull of the set of points (i.e. the minimum convex set containing all the points in the set or a rubber band stretched using the points of the set so that it contains all of the points in the set in its interior).
Now let's turn our attention towards the topological definition of a Delaunay Triangulation. At a first glance, the definition seems discouraging, but as we will set out to explain the terms, we will see that the sky isn't that gray. The first word of the day is 'isomorphic', which for all intents and purposes means 'the same'. The second math term is 'nerve'. Lets look at the picture below and try to make sense of it:
Given a union of triangles , we can form its nerve by following these steps. Start with empty, and for each triangle in the union associate one point and add it to . Then, look at non-empty intersections of the triangles(non-empty means that they share at least a point), and for every point shared by at least two triangles add a new set formed with the 's corresponding to the triangles that share that point. In this process you cannot repeat sets. If you correctly cover all the possible intersections, will be the nerve of the union of triangles. Observe that is a set containing sets of one or more points, sets which we can graphically represent through points, edges and polygons as seen in the picture above. The final unknown term is "Voronoi diagram". Again, pictures comes in handy:
The Voronoi diagram(the whole first picture) of a set of points(the black points) is the collection of all the Voronoi cells(the colored polygons), denoted by , where is a point of and . This definition tells us that every point in the cell is closer to than it is to any other point in and that the points on the edges of the diagram are equally distanced from the points that generate incident Voronoi cells. So, using this definition, we can form the Voronoi cell of a point by dividing the plane, for each other point , into two pieces(a.k.a. 'half-spaces') using lines that are equally far away from and . Then, if we take the intersection of all the half-spaces that contain , we will end up with . Although the definition allows for building Voronoi diagrams for spaces with dimension greater than 2, it turns out that for computational purposes this is not feasible process, as it a huge amount of time and storage space.
To plunge even deeper into topology, we present two more constructions for the Voronoi cells. To do this, we will go down one more dimension to create some visual intuition of the constructions, and then let the reader work his newly gained knowledge by extending the example to two dimensions. Use the picture bellow for reference. The Voronoi Diagram of a set is nothing more than a segmented line, where the segments are the Voronoi cells(in our drawing, the Voronoi diagram of the set is the segmented equator). We will lift our Vornoi cells to two dimensions by using stereographic projection. Intuitively, the stereographic projection of circle(sphere for two dimensions) is the shadow of its points cast by a single light on the surface of the circle onto a line(plane in two dimensions). By casting shadows, we mean picking a point and drawing lines from it that intersect both a point on the circle and the line . This creates a mapping( an isomorphism, if you will), between the circle minus the point and the line. So, we draw a circle that has our space as its equator, and take the north pole as our point . Using the inverse of the stereographic projection of the circle(i.e. we start from points on our space and draw lines that go through and intersect the circle(the brown lines in our drawing)), we map our set onto the circle. For the first construction, we will draw tangent lines to the circle at the newly obtained points. These are the Pa,Pb,Pc,Pd in our drawing. Look carefully at their intersections. It seems that if we were to draw a line connecting the intersecting points and , we would intersect the line at the boundary of the Voronoi cells of the points that yielded the tangent lines. This turns out to be true. It is also true that if we draw lines from to the stereographic projection of the points in our space, the line which we will first intersect, corresponds to the Voronoi cell to which the point belongs. For our second construction, we can build circles(Ca,Cb,Cc,Cd) that contain both and the points in and that are tangent to the equator. Take a moment to convince yourself that these circles are unique. Again look at the points of the intersections of the circles and remark that a line containing and any of these points will also contain the boundary of two Voronoi cells. Thus, the first intersection of the segment connecting a point in our space and is with the circle corresponding to the Voronoi cell to which the point belongs.
Having our terms all sorted out, it becomes apparent what the second definition means. Broadly, it tells us that by drawing edges between the points that generate two neighboring Voronoi cells, we will get a Delaunay Triangulation of the set of points. Observe that the edges we are drawing to geometrically represent the nerve of the Voronoi diagram are always perpendicular to the boundaries of the cells. Just try for a moment to draw a Voronoi diagram that yields triangles with small angles, and you will begin to see why this property maximizes the minimal angle. The only problem would be having more than 4 cells meeting at a point. As it turns out, this is equivalent to four points lying on the same circle, which, as we've stated in the first part, makes for having more than one Delaunay Triangulation.
These constructions are less intuitive and you might ask why do we need them when we already have something as simple as the first definition of a Delaunay Triangulation. The reason is that there exist algorithms such as Fortune's Algorithm or Bowyer-Watson Algorithm that generate Delaunay Triangulations using Voronoi cells. These algorithms prove to be more useful as they can create Vornoi diagrams which have multiple applications across a vast array of domains.
Now that we have a strong theoretical basis, let us focus on one algorithm for creating a Delaunay Triangulation. Note that there are a lot of algorithms for doing this, but the one that we will be presenting is one of the simplest and most time efficient. The algorithm that we choose to implement employs the "divide and conquer" strategy.
Let us start with a set of random points ( we will work with an example that has 12 points to gain a better intuition). We begin by ordering them with respect to their x-coordinate. Also, if two points have the same x-coordinate, their ordering is determined by their y-coordinate in increasing order.
We continue by subdividing the points into halves using their labeling, until we are left with sets of two or three points. If we can't split a set into two equal sets, we let the first subset to have one more element then the second. We then triangulate the newly formed sets by creating triangles in the case where we are left with three vertices, and edges in the case where we are left with two vertices.
By taking a look at the picture, we can observe that we obtain a bunch of triangles with sharp angles which should give us an idea that most of the triangles formed in these first steps are not part of the Delaunay triangulation. However, as we have discussed earlier, the triangles in a Delaunay triangulation tend to be small, so it is very likely that some of the edges coincide. For a large number of vertices, this a huge time saver.
The next step is to merge neighboring sets of points by adding edges in the opposite order in which we have divided them. We will use the following notation to distinguish between edges: LL are edges that were formed using vertices from the left division, RR are edges that were formed using vertices from the right division, and LR are edges that were formed using vertices from both. We will try to now merge the first two divisions. For now we only have LL and RR edges. Throughout the process we will delete LL and RR edges but never add more, and we will try to add LR edges that are as good as possible. Remember that union of the triangles in a Delaunay triangulation of a set of points forms the convex hull of that set of points. Thus, we can safely assume that our first LR edge, which will certainly be in the final triangulation, is the edge between the two points with the smallest y-coordinate of the two divisions. Observe that this is also true for the upper part of the set of points.
Now it's time to look for the next LR edge that can only be added above the previously created LR. To get a triangulation, we need this edge to start at one of the vertices of the previously added edge. Thus, we are looking for an vertex that forms with the previous LR edge a triangle whose circumcircle does not contain any other points. By the existence of a Delaunay triangulation and by its uniqueness(if we don't have four co-circular points) we are guaranteed that such a point exists and that it is unique. We will look at the possible candidates and pick the best one from each side and then the best one from the two. Let us start with the right side. We will look at the vertices that share an edge with point 5 and pick the ones that form the two smallest angles with the previously added LR edge. The vertex associated with the smallest angle will be the Current Potential Candidate(CPC) and the other vertex will be the Next Potential Candidate(NPC). If our CPC fullfils the two following criteria we found our candidate for the right side :
- The clockwise angle from the base LR-edge to the potential candidate must be less than 180 degrees. (This ensures that we have traingles and that we don't go outside the convex hull)
- The circumcircle defined by the two endpoints of the base LR-edge and the potential candidate must not contain the next potential candidate in its interior. (This is the Dealunay criterion that no circumcircle contains a point in its interior)
If our CPC doesn't fullfill the criteria, we set CPC to NPC and then get the next NPC by looking at the next vertex in order of the angle mentioned above. We repeat this process until we either find a good candidate or we run out of candidates. If we do run out of candidates, the best candidate from the other side will win. If neither side has a candidate, then our merge is complete.
The process for the right side is similar, but instead of point 5 we use point 2 and we measure the angle at point 2 counter-clockwise. If we candidates from both sides, we repeat the circle test and pick the point for which the other point is not in the circumcircle. Be the existence of the Delaunay triangulation, we are guaranteed that such a point exists.
Once we get a "winner" vertex, we delete any vertex that intersects the newly formed LR edge.
We repeat this process until we have completed the merge, then move on through all the merges until our triangulation is complete. Note that any step of the way, we can delete previously added edges, so don't assume that any of the created LR edges will be part of the final triangulation.
I will display the process for the first merges and then just display the result of the second and third merges:
Triangulations seem like an easy mathematical concept, but things get a lot more complicated when you only have simple instructions at your disposal. Next time you want a brain teaser, try to forget everything you have just read, and attempt to create an algorithm that triangulates ( not even a Delaunay Triangulation) the convex hull of a set of points. You will see how things that you can easily do with a pen and a piece of paper become a lot harder to translate into instructions that work for all cases and that a machine can understand. That's why computer science requires a vast knowldge of mathematical concepts that are able to describe the same object or process into different modes, allowing the programmer to pick a method that can be transformed efficiently into code.


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- Windows
- Internet & Network
- Browser plugins
- Freecorder 6 extension for Chrome
Freecorder 6 extension for Chrome
Freecorder 6 extension for Chrome 220.127.116.11 can be downloaded from our website for free. Freecorder 6 extension for Chrome lies within Internet & Network Tools, more precisely Browser plugins. The most popular version of the program 6.0.
This free software was originally produced by Applian Technologies, Inc. The most frequent installer filenames for the software are: FCAudio.exe, FCConv.exe, FCSettings.exe and FCVideo.exe etc. Our built-in antivirus scanned this download and rated it as 100% safe.
From the developer:
Freecorder 6 is the ultimate free collection of tools for capturing all kinds of web video, music and audio - right from inside your browser. Once installed, all the Freecorder tools appear as a button bar inside your Internet Explorer, Firefox or Chrome browser. One click opens each tool.
You may want to check out more software, such as Chrome Power Efficiency Test Soft Panel, OLAP PivotTable Extensions or New Chrome Session, which might be related to Freecorder 6 extension for Chrome.
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ID badges serve a similar function no matter how they're used: to identify the person wearing them. You don't have to spend a lot of money to make a great ID badge, and the paragraphs that follow will highlight ways that you can inexpensively make your own badges.
Use card stock, which is heavier than paper so it holds up better when laminated. You can use any kind of card stock; the 90 pound works just fine and you can buy it at many office supply chains for around $12 per 250 sheets. That will make a lot of ID badges. You will also want to grab a roll of clear contact paper, as this is what you'll use for lamination. You can buy this anywhere that contact paper is sold for about $4 to $6. To cut contact paper, you use just regular scissors. Finally, invest in a bag of pin backs so that users can wear your ID badges. They're about $2 to $3 for a bag of 60.
You can make your badge any size you would like, but they are typically about the size of a credit card (2 1/2 inches tall by 3 1/2 inches wide), and you can use all kinds of word processing or page design software for layout, or you can download a template from Microsoft Office Online. Type into the text space the information you would like, which depends on the function the card will serve, add any images and colors that you want, and print. If you would like more than one badge, use your software's copy and paste functions to create multiple badges and edit each one for content. Once you have printed your badges, cut them out and lay them on a flat surface face up. You will want to unroll your clear contact paper and cut pieces twice the size of the height of each badge, so that you can wrap the contact paper around the front and back of each badge. The contact paper is peel and stick, so it's easy to use. Place the badge along the bottom of the peeled, sticky-side up piece of contact paper, leaving about a 1/4 inch from the edge of the paper to the bottom of the badge, and fold the top half of the contact paper down over the badge. Press the contact paper flat against the card, making sure to avoid wrinkles, and seal each side by rubbing with your finger. Trim off the excess contact paper. Dab hot glue on the pin back and stick that to your ID badge. You can also purchase badge holders and attach to any strap or string for wearing around your neck, but this will cost a bit more.


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It is unfortunate that these unsung heroes of public works do not get the recognition they deserve.
The typical taxpayer's perception of public works employees is that they don't do much of anything.
But this is because so much goes right most of the time.
It is a fact that public works touch our lives every day. But the service goes unnoticed because our expectations are set so high.
Police and fire provide services that we may need only a few times in our lifetimes. But public works touch our lives on a daily basis.
The services they provide, ensure continual public health and safety.
It is a thankless career and is not for the faint of heart. How many people do you know would climb down into a sewer or go into an abandoned building to exterminate rodents? Not to mention being on call 24 hours during those cold, snowy winter nights to plow?
They sacrifice holidays with family, to make the roads safer for the betterment of all to drive.
So, next time you see a public works employee, reach out and shake their hand. Say "thanks" for his hard work and dedication they give to your community.


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Best Botanical Gardens around Adamsburg, PA
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Garden Club of McKeesport Rose Garden and Arboretum
1400 Pin Oak DriveMcKeesport, PA
The Garden Club of McKeesport was founded in 1936, providing an opportunity for members to learn and enjoy the pleasure of gardening while maintain...Read More »
Chatham Arboretum
Woodland RoadPittsburgh, PA
Chatham's 39-acre campus encompasses a 32-acre arboretum featuring 115 different varieties of species, including Japanese Flowering Crabapple...Read More »
Phipps Conservatory and Botanical Gardens
One Schenley ParkPittsburgh, PA
Our Mission:To inspire and educate all with the beauty and importance of plants; to advance sustainability and promote human and environmental well...Read More »
Adamsburg Top Searches
Rodef Shalom Biblical Botanical Garden
4905 5th AvenuePittsburgh, PA
About Us:Visit the biblical lands, right on Fifth Avenue in Pittsburgh! The Rodef Shalom Biblical Botanical Garden, established in 1987, is the lar...Read More »
National Aviary
700 Arch StreetPittsburgh, PA
History: The National Aviary has grown from simply presenting its collection in attractive settings to realizing its responsibility to celebra...Read More »
Pittsburgh Botanic Garden
799 Pinkerton Run RoadOakdale, PA
Mission:The Pittsburgh Botanic Garden's mission is to inspire people to grow through immersion in a world of natural outdoor wonder to nouris...Read More »
West Virginia Botanic Garden
1061 Tyrone RoadMorgantown, WV
The West Virginia Botanic Garden is a 82 acre site off of Tyrone Rd. Located at the site of the former Morgantown reservoir, the beautiful WVBG off...Read More »
The Core Arboretum
Monongahela BoulevardMorgantown, WV
About Us:The 91-acre Core Arboretum is mostly old-growth forest on steep hillside and Monongahela River flood plain. 3.5 miles of trails provide ac...Read More »
Fellows Riverside Gardens
123 McKinley AvenueYoungstown, OH
Fellows Riverside Gardens is a free public garden located at the northern end of Mill Creek Park. This twelve-acre display garden features a landsc...Read More »
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St. Patricks Day Parade in Limerick City 2012
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Dubai Arabic Girl Aaheena Mobile Number Profile Chat Friendship
In this post we are going to share with you only Dubai Arabic Girl and you can easy get more girls whatsapp number and make friendship with any Dubai Arabic Girl.
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Still I have not turned out to be effective. Today I got this site, where I have discovered numerous Arabic Girls Mobile Numbers. They all are looking future life accomplice and numerous young ladies have likewise turned out to be effective. In the wake of perusing numerous young ladies profiles, I have chosen to impart my profile to and Mobile Number here. I am new here. So I attempted to get in touch with a few young ladies for direction.
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Thursday, June 28, 2012
So Happy Together...
6 comments:
- VanessaB said...
that song is stuck in me head now-thanks a lot. LOL!! :) i love LOVE your card and take on the challenge. wonderful coloring and color choices: this card makes me happy to look at! thank you for joining us at fresh brewed designs. :)
- June 29, 2012 at 5:11 AM
- Heather D. ~ Fresh Brewed Designs said...
I admit, it was a challenge for me too! That is why I did it :) hehehe!!! I am not a big circle or double circle user. I don't for-see many participants now that I think about it! HA!!! but I am so glad you found time to play along!!! Your card is ADORABLE!!! LOVE your coloring and I LOVE dotty embossing folders. I was talking to my sister the other day and we have both admitted that we are weird. We can hear a simple phrase and it will strike a song in our heads. Even if it doesn't really go with the phrase. Even weirder, we often times pop out with the same exact song at the same exact time... HAHHA!!! then we bust out laughing. :)) Thanks for the smile this morning. Have a WONDERFUL Friday and weekend.
Thanks for playing along at Fresh Brewed Designs and getting sketchy with us!
Heather D.
- June 29, 2012 at 7:21 AM
- Kate said...
And I am just craving for a Big Mac right now especially with this card of yours. Awesome card.
- June 29, 2012 at 11:07 AM
- Judie said...
Wonderful card, love your color choice. Happy weekend.
- June 29, 2012 at 1:33 PM
- Sheryl said...
Hi Sarah! This card is wonderful! I love the black background and how the red circle pops against it! Brilliant! You did an awesome job with the sketch and this image makes me smile!
Thank you for joining us at Freshly Brewed Challenges!
It's always a pleasure to visit your blog
Warmest Hugs, Sheryl
- July 3, 2012 at 11:29 AM
- JustYolie said...
Too cute!!!
- August 8, 2012 at 7:05 PM


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AEROoffice & TERRAoffice v5.4.50 released
IGI launches the new AEROoffice & TERRAoffice software in version 5.4.50.
This new AEROoffice & TERRAoffice version can do coverage maps for scanning sensors. But there is more. For example, the sensor footprint can be adjusted via the setup page. It is possible to select and define if the sensor has a camera footprint, a scanner footprint or maybe no footprint. The scanner footprint is no longer an extension to a camera, as it was in earlier software versions. It is a distinct parameter of the scanner sensor in the setup.
It is possible to operate changing colors for the scanner footprints. Each scanline can have its color in order to well identify scanlines from neighbor scanlines and therefore notice about the overlapping areas or potential holes. Some sensors have a warm-up time or delay from giving the start command until the real start of airborne data collection. Such effects are considered in the new IGI AEROoffice & TERRAoffice software. It is a possibility to do fine-tune adjustments for consideration of the scanners online signal.
The coverage of scanline on the earth surface is shown in Google Earth via KML files created by IGI AEROoffice & TERRAoffice. One more new feature is an indication of the operated and underlying DTM in a message box, which is shown after the Google Earth export. In case of any problems with DTM (e.g. coverage too small), the number of vertices with failed conversions will be indicated.
The new coverage map feature can be created with either raw data or using post-processed data. To utilize raw data leads to the advantage that results can be shown just promptly after landing, without a need to start a time consuming post-processing of data. It can be a great feature to check the overlap of collected data. It also is a good feature to create reports about mission progress for easily showing the accomplished work of day#1, day#2 or when operating several aircraft or for abroad survey missions. After landing, there just can be an email with KML-file to the headquarter. The management at home will easily be updated and learn about the on-site mission progress, day by day.
For further details, please have a look at the release notes (AEROoffice/TERRAoffice).
The software update is free for users with a valid support contract. You can easily download it right now from MyIGI within our website.
If you need any help with your upgrade or support contract, please contact us.
Link to AEROoffice v5.4.50:
Link to TERRAoffice v5.4.50:
Please give us your feedback through our contact form.


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Client Testimonial | Online Solicitation
"Before I was arrested, I was doing sales for over ten years. Six figure job, expense account, car -- your typical perks of sales. And, that all went away in an instant..."
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Matt Horak is Board Certified in Criminal Law by the Texas Board of Legal Specialization since 2014
TX Board of Legal Specialization - Certified Specialist in Criminal Law Better Business Bureau Accredited Business Legal Committee Member of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws Member of the National Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers Member of the Harris County Criminal Lawyers Association Member of the Texas Criminal Defense Lawyers Association National Trial Lawyers Association Top 100


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OK, here are the rules. You take a western movie or show and write it up as it would be as an anime. Like so:
Title: Big Lebowski
Think: Big O
Elevator Pitch: The Dude is having a bad run of luck. In Neo Los Angeles year 199X (around the time of our run in with Sadam) the world is a darker place. Gangs of nihilists assault and harass the innocents, the Dude has taken up the fight for the little guy. However, he finds a giant mecha, the Lebowski, and now he can take the fight to the bad guys. Watch as the Big Lebowski deals out massive damage to nihilists, the corrupt sheriff's department, and known pornographers. But, when the Little Lebowski Urban Achievers show up, a tactical espionage group that officially doesn't exist, the Dude will finally get to the bottom of his case. Do the bums always lose?
Anyways, thought this would be a fun game to play tonight. You don't have to follow my format exactly, but it doesn't hurt. So, post your ideas.


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This is my 2nd purchase of this extension.
The first one was the community edition version. Im so happy with the extension and the support offered. I want to thank to the support team Alexey Varlamov who fixed all of my issues in about a day after the ticket was submitted.
The function is well thought, and covered many marketing functions and ideas.
Now I bought this extension again for our Enterprise edition Magento.
From tech perspective:
As our standard, each of extension that we bought has to be scrutinized by our tech team.
And out tech team said that the code is clean and follow magento EE best practices.
From marketing perspective:
This EE version of Follow up email extension has no difference in functionality with the community one.
It has all the functionality that support marketing ideas, out of the box.
Even, we request to the Mirasvit team that we need to add function of abandoned cart with rule value based on shipping price. Because we think there are 2 main reasons why visitor abandoned their cart.
- Bad UX
- Expensive Shipping cost
Personally, I will recommend this magento extension!
You can klik here to visit the extension.


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Wetroom Installation – How to stop a wetroom leaking!Tim Ford
With wetroom popularity increasing in the UK rapidly and homeowners trying to increase the value of their property wet rooms are an easy option to do this, utilising poorly used space, wet rooms can be installed in most areas of the house.
However a wet room comes with risks, if a wetroom installation is done correctly it will never leak. Wet rooms are 100% waterproof and that's that. What leaks is poor workmanship of poorly installed floors.
This usually occurs when corners are being cut and money is trying to be saved. We're not saying it has to cost the world to install a wetroom, but do be prepared to spend some money and have the job done properly.
Do not buy inferior products, there is a lot on the market that looks good and the price is really cheap, there is usually a reason for this, it's cheap and manufacturing standards are not high. We would only recommend purchasing a XPS core type wetroom shower tray or a Glass Reinforced Plastic shower tray that have big brand names associated with them, again they are going to be priced slightly more than your cheaper products but work that in to a budget, You will be surprised at how little extra it really does cost.
What is fundamental to remember when purchasing wetroom products is that you are going to be pouring water all over the area and a lot of it when you are having a shower. You don't want the area to leak, so keep that in the back of your head when you see super cheap products on ebay!
Buying from a reputable company always helps especially when it comes to technical information, product queries and more importantly how to install advice. Most wet rooms can be installed by an avid DIYer as long as the instructions are followed. This to, does come at a price good support will be something that you need when you have questions about wetroom installations.
If however you are perhaps not that comfortable with carrying out the wetroom installation, investigate a wetroom installation service. These can range from £499 upwards. Some are backed with a warranty that is also underwritten by an insurance company giving you peace of mind that once it's installed if you do have any issues they will be put right and not at your cost.
With heating becoming more and more difficult and energy prices increasing year on year adding insulation in the form of tile backer board will not only add insulation to your room but decrease the heat up time and also allow the installation to be very water tight, Tile backer boards are manufactured from XPS core and have an polymer cement face which allows you to tile straight on to them.
As the tile backer boards are fully waterproof the only point of sealing becomes the joints, which allows rapid install and easy tanking procedures to be carried out.
Remember buy cheap buy twice.
Call our wetroom specialist today for FREE wetroom advice on 01235 856 521.


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The Internet of Things (IoT) presents many opportunities for increasing profitability and taking control of the way you run your New York City manufacturing or distribution business. To leverage its power, consider partnering with the IoT consultants at Domain Consulting Group.
Domain Consulting Group, an experienced SAP partner based in Wyomissing and Philadelphia, helps clients leverage the IoT to develop and execute digital initiatives for smart-connected products, operations, manufacturing and service.
SAP Business One
With a variety of industry-specific modules, SAP Business One offers customers a single, cost-effective way to streamline their processes, act on timely information, and accelerate profitable growth.
This affordable, integrated ERP solution synchronizes all resources and systems within your organization, providing a comprehensive solution for managing your entire business – from sales and supply chain management, to financials and operations. It can help you reduce costs, improve flexibility, and eliminate operational complexity.
A core component of SAP Business One is its ability to enable business scenarios based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and leverage the SAP HANA platform to analyze and store the vast amount of data that IoT devices collect.
IoT Asset Tracking and Condition Monitoring
Knowing the location and condition of your high value shipments is a critical part of business operations. In some cases, if a shipment is compromised or predicted to be compromised, the shipment can be salvaged. Today's precise IoT (Internet of Things) solutions enable you to track and monitor your assets across the globe, in real time, no matter where they are.
SenseIT IoT by Domain utilizes innovative sensors to capture data from around the world, standardizes, consolidates and maintains it in a SAP HANA database in the cloud, and pushes the data to ERP. It gives your business the ability to quickly locate items globally and alerts you to condition changes that affect your shipments, such as:
- GPS Location
- Temperature
- Humidity
- Tilt Axis X
- Tilt Axis Y
- Tilt Axis Z
- Impact Shock / Drop
- Broken Seal / Tampering (Planned; not yet available)
SenseIT can be used, for example, to monitor shipments of industrial ceramics or expensive electronics that are sensitive to impact caused by dropping, rough driving and general mishandling.
The shipment owner defines the tolerances of the product, attaches the sensor, and executes the shipment. SenseIT will send an alert if a measurement threshold is exceeded or the shipment is mishandled, allowing you to take corrective action before products are compromised.
If your business involves temperature-controlled transportation of pharmaceuticals, food, sensitive tropical plants, fruits or vegetables, or other products, such as construction equipment and materials that can be damaged in transit by deviations from handling protocols, the real-time visibility, tracking capabilities and condition monitoring of your shipments and assets can be invaluable.
SenseIT combines your ERP shipment information with the sensor data to provide a complete picture of the shipment in real-time. All the data is stored and processed in the cloud allowing you access to the information anywhere anytime.
As an experienced IoT consultant, Domain Consulting Group can help your New York City business take advantage of the IoT and digital transformation solutions. When you are ready to explore the benefits, contact us at (610) 374-7644 ext. 7005 for a free consultation.


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For most Malayalis, the life-altering journey to the Gulf is one of survival.
Salim Ahmad, who directed the National award-winning film Adaminte Makan Abu, narrates the ordeal of one such migrant named Pallikkal Narayanan (played by Mammootty) in Pathemaari.
Meanwhile, Meera Jasmine plays the protagonist in Manoj Alumkal's Ithinumappuram, which releases with Pathemaari today.
Here is a closer look.
Through the intriguing life of Pallikkal Narayanan (Mammootty), Salim Ahmad chronicles the struggles of Malayalis making a life for themselves in the Gulf.
After the much appreciated Adaminte Makan Abu, Salim Ahmad had directed Kunjananthante Kada, which had Mammootty in the lead.
Anchor Jewel Mary, who played Mammootty's heroine in Utopiayile Rajavu, is the female lead in Pathemaari.
Sreenivasan, Joy Mathew, Nedumudi Venu and Siddique constitute the rest of the cast.
Madhu Ambat is the cinematographer. Oscar award winner Resul Pookkutty handles the sound.
Meera Jasmine plays Rugmini, who has to face a struggling life after her marriage to a man of her choice against the wishes of her family, in director Manoj Alunkal's Ithinumappuram.
Riyaz Khan plays the male lead.
Ithinumappuram has camera work by M J Radhakrishnan and music by Vidhyadharan.


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澳门六星彩搅珠结果Toutuo Jingcheng participated in the 34th China International Plastics and Rubber Industry Exhibition; Time: 2020.04.21-24; Address: Shanghai Hongqiao National Exhibition Center; Booth No .: 6.1G153
澳门六星彩搅珠结果Toutuo Jingcheng participated in China International Flooring Materials and Pavement Technology Exhibition; Time: 2020.03.24-26; Address: Shanghai Pudong New International Expo Center; Booth No .: E5K53
Toto Jingcheng participated in the China Plastics Fair 2016; Time: 10.12-15, 2016; Address: Luqiao, Zhejiang. Taizhou International Convention and Exhibition Center; Booth No .: B10
Toto Jingcheng participated in the 18th Qingdao (China) Plastic Industry Expo 2016, address: Qingdao International Convention and Exhibition Center, booth number: 3 # Q8
Time: 2015.9.21-24, Our booth number is Hall 1 B9
Jingcheng Mould has been adhering to the brand spirit of aggressiveness and innovation, and is a successful example of plate, sheet and film mold equipment. We will maintain this position and do better!
澳门六星彩搅珠结果Add: 20 Maofeng Street, Xinqian Development Zone, Huangyan District, Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
Tel: 0086-13957653333
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com


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It isn't the first fortune he made but what he did with it that makes Alf Gooding proud: he gave some hope to the valleys. Christopher Blackhurst.
If Welsh nationalism ever takes hold and the need arises for the Principality's first premier, Alf Gooding would be a popular candidate. In the last few years, this multi-millionaire son of a Rhondda miner has brought hope and jobs to the valleys. He has also spoken out against regional incentives and City short-termism and in favour of more re-investment by fellow industrialists and greater education and training.
The 59-year-old Gooding has turned himself into a mouthpiece for Wales. A former Welsh head of the CBI, his speeches at the body's annual gathering have attracted national headlines and earned him a reputation as an anti-establishment figure. But Gooding's actions speak much louder than his words.
In 1985, his Race Electronics business employed 70 people. Today its workforce is up to 1,200 - 120 were added in the last two months' alone. While other Welsh businesses have gone to the wall in droves in the recession, Race has prospered - mainly due to a unique partnership with the Japanese: Race is 20% owned by C Itoh, the major trading house. The company makes components for virtually all the leading Japanese electrical groups like Epson, Konica, NEC, Ricoh, Toshiba and Star; most of the machinery in its five Welsh factories is Japanese (Race is the second biggest buyer in the world, after Sony, of Panasonic industrial plant); and two years ago, Gooding set up a separate manufacturing venture with another Japanese group, Sanken Electric.
Last year, Gooding Sanken created 200 jobs, all of them in Wales. Gooding guaranteed a lasting spin-off to Wales by insisting that the Japanese shed their usual reluctance and share their know-how secrets. Four Gooding graduate employees are now learning the ropes in Japan. Typically, Gooding does not choose the deal that made him personally rich as his best but the one that has proved to be of lasting value to Wales.
After training as a draughtsman, Gooding began his working life as a roofer. In 1958, having saved up £100, he started his own building firm. By 1966, he was building 500 council houses a year. Problems with suppliers forced him to set up his own concrete-making business. After that was sold, for £40,000 in 1969, he began Catnic Components, a steel lintel manufacturer.
In 1983, Catnic was sold to RTZ for £15 million and a personal profit to Gooding of £9 million. He ploughed the money into new ventures. "Selling Catnic was my second best deal. My best was the way I used that money, in particular, the purchase of Race," he says. He established the Gooding Group and bought a clutch of bankrupt companies with products ranging from washing machines to Christmas tree lights, metallic paper and one-arm bandits. The latter, Ace Coin, gave him the foundation for his present success.
Ace had a subsidiary, Race Electronics, specialising in making parts for the new BBC Acorn school computer and the fruit machines. Eventually, all the businesses, with the exception of Race, were sold. As a manufacturer of other people's electronic products, Race was in an expanding industry. It was also in the worst financial state of the six. In 1985, it was making a loss of £500,000 but he was certain of its growth potential.
He decided to tackle the world-leaders head on. "I got a chap to come and join me. He was a Welsh boy who had worked with Japanese firms. Brother Industries was just opening a new plant in Wales. We approached them and offered to provide a Japanese-type service of total quality." The Brother contract led to references to other Japanese. Once they saw the Japanese were flocking to Race, the major American and European electronic manufacturers followed suit. To fund Race's expansion Gooding sold 20% of the company to C Itoh and 24% to Citicorp, the US bank. In 1987, Race sales were £17 million. this year, they will be £100 million and profits should be around £3 million. A stock-market quotation is now on the cards, probably some time in 1993-1994.
His biggest regret is that others in Wales have not followed his example. "We have moved towards a service economy. Accountants and lawyers are important but at the end of the day it is making and selling things that is more significant. Without that there is no future."
Christopher Blackhurst is senior business writer on the Independent on Sunday.


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- cafreelegalduiAsked on December 20, 2016 at 04:36 PM
I click on the verify now link and its saying not a valid url.
Thank you for using JotForm. You've entered email@example.com as the email address for your JotForm account. Please verify this email adresss by clicking the button below:
Not valid linkThis link is not valid!.
- JotForm SupportjonathanAnswered on December 20, 2016 at 07:58 PM
I test on your form https://www.jotform.us/form/63546066684162 but I could not replicate the issue.
Your email firstname.lastname@example.com was validated as a valid email address by the Email field on the form.
Perhaps you have published the form on a website? Can you share to us the URL of your website where we can also test the actual form used.
Let us know if issue still remains.


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For this particular post, I'm going to be real with you.
While being a digital nomad in the metro sounds like a pretty neat gig, it's not that easy.
Intermittent connection
I guess this is no surprise already? What I usually do when I visit cafes is to check out the area's signal on my phone and if it at least says "4G," then probably the signal in that place would be fast enough for me to perform some online tasks. It pays to be observant if the signal in a particular area is decent enough.
Sometimes even 4G+ can be deceiving because it doesn't actually provide upload or download speeds equivalent to the signal indicated.
Moreover, it also depends on your job if it would require a really fast internet connection.
I think in places like Metro Manila, the best place to go digital nomad-ing is through a work-from-home setup. This way, you somehow have an assurance that your internet connection would be stable. The reason why I go to cafes and explore from time to time is because I don't like getting glued just to one particular place all the time.
Traffic, traffic
Digital nomads aren't spared from the typical daily traffic that we all experience. It can be just as frustrating.
I guess the only thing I can say about this particular issue is — let's try to keep our sanity in check with all the stressors caused by traffic problems.
A leeway to explore
Okay — something a little more positive.
When you're a digital nomad, you have more time to explore places. For the past weeks, I've been working during the morning in cafes at Intramuros, and in the afternoon, I explore the old sites and museums. I haven't thoroughly seen all the sides and corners of Intramuros, and this is absolutely something I want to continue doing along the way.
By exploring, I also mean going beyond your usual tasks. I'm also able to do volunteer work thanks to the flexibility of my regular work. Last May 2019, I was able to go to Mindanao for a volunteer engagement in peacebuilding. During down times, I was still able to perform some tasks in my regular work.
I have another volunteer engagement every Saturday in a non-profit where we execute programs in a community. These are all possible through a flexible working schedule.
I think the infrastructure and systems are still far-off for Metro Manila to become digital nomad-friendly. Internet connection is terrible, transportation system is like chopsuey, and the general work environment hasn't really come into terms with the word 'digital'.
Nonetheless, we're building that up. I won't be surprised that someday we're also going to be a "smart" city. But we have to dig deep for our inner voices and potential.
Let's take the conversation forward. Find out how we can collaborate for a sustainable future: https://berdeboy.blog/collaborate/


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Send with your love to your dear ones, this Timeless Treats Gourmet Gift Hamper to enchant them with its beauty. This fantastically designed X-mas Basket is laden with 45ml. of Fruit Extract (Doi Kham Brand), 200ml. of Organic Soy Sauce (Lemon Farm Brand), 1000g. of Hommali Brown Rice (Doi Kham Brand), 12x9 g. of Instant Herbal Powder Drink (Doi Kham Brand), 200 ml. of 100% Herbal Drink (Doi Kham Brand), 400 g. of Soya Milk Powder (Doi Kham Brand), 52g. of Sangyod Muang Phatthalung Rice Cookies, 120g. of Gaba Brown rice soup Triple rice flavour, 200ml. of Ganoderma Drink with Honey (Doi Kham Brand), 300g. of Organic Palmyra Sugar (Lemon Farm Brand), 485g. of Coconut cooking oil and 140g. of Dried Shredded Pork.
Add To Shopping Cart
** Note:Wine / Champagne may only be purchased and delivered to persons who are at least 21 years of age.By placing an order, you validate that you and the person who accepts delivery will be 21 years of age or older.
When your wine / champagne is delivered, the person accepting delivery may be required to show identification.


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A romantic novel with a touch of magic.
Book Blurb
Meet Ella and her mother Fabbia Moreno who arrive in York, one cold January day, to set up their vintage dress shop.
The flamboyant Fabbia wants to sell beautiful dresses to nice people and move on from her difficult past. Ella just wants to fit in. But not everyone is on their side.
Will Fabbia overcome the prejudices she encounters? What's the dark secret she's hiding? And do the silk linings and concealed seams of her dresses contain real spells or is this all just 'everyday magic'?
Book Review
It's a story about a mother and a daughter who have recently moved to York. There, Fabia opened a new vintage shop and her daughter started in a new school and they both have to make new friends with the locals.
In the beginning the people of York are a little sceptical of the new retail shop in the city but Fabia has an extra ordinary skill, choosing the right dress for each costumer and her talent doesn't stay hidden for a long. Soon after the opening every woman in York had heard of Fabia's magic skills and her little vintage shop is always full of customers.
While she is busy making new dresses she is trying not to think about her past. Unfortunately no one can escape from it and she is no different. It looks like it is after her, no matter how many times she has moved to different cities it's always being following her.
This book reminds me of Chocolate by Joan Harris. It's magical and Fabia is representing Vianne in many ways. She has a passion for fashion (Vianne for chocolate) and with a bit of a magic no one can resist having a glamorous dress or item made for her (the same way people can't stay away from the chocolate shop). If you like Chocolate you would like The Dress too.


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Craving something satisfying in a hurry? We've got you covered with our grab-and-go salmon & avocado salad with lemon dressing! In this recipe, clean, wholesome ingredients like wild salmon, avocado, and juicy tomatoes are thrown into a portable jar.
In addition to being a snap to make, the delectable dish spotlights one of our favorite superfoods: salmon. This nutrient-rich fish adds smooth, savory protein to the layered meal. A mouthwatering mixture of fresh lemon juice, olive oil, honey, and mustard dresses the salad wonderfully and adds serious zing to its flavor. Throw together these nutritious jars before a busy day and simply grab one as you rush out the door!
Yields: 2 servings | Calories: 519 | Total Fat: 38g | Saturated Fat: 11g | Trans Fat: 0g | Cholesterol: 74mg | Sodium: 397mg | Carbohydrates: 16g | Fiber: 8g | Sugar: 6g | Protein: 33g | SmartPoints (Freestyle): 16
- 1 (6 to 8 ounce) can wild salmon, drained
- 1 avocado, pitted, peeled, and diced
- 2 cups loosely packed salad greens
- 1/2 cup shredded reduced-fat monterey jack
- 3/4 cup chopped tomato
- 1 tablespoon freshly squeezed lemon juice (from half lemon)
- 1 tablespoon fresh squeezed lemon juice (from half lemon)
- 1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil
- 1 teaspoon honey
- 1/8 teaspoon kosher or sea salt
- 1/8 teaspoon black pepper
- 1/2 teaspoon dijon mustard
- 2 jars
- Whisk together all ingredients for the dressing except olive oil. Slowly drizzle olive oil, whisking all the while. Dressing can be packed separately or placed as the first ingredient in the bottom of jars.
- Toss avocado in lemon juice. This will add some zing to the avocado and keep it from browning.
- Add an even amount of diced tomatoes to each jar, then cheese, then avocado, then salmon, then lettuce. Securely screw the lid on each jar and refrigerate until ready to eat.
- Enjoy!
For more quick, easy, clean recipes, like us on Facebook, follow us on Pinterest, and subscribe to our newsletter.
Love the salad? Hungry for more? Let us know! Leave a comment below about this article or anything else on the site.


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Entry to the property via Gow Street.
Built to maximize natural light and a great sense of privacy, this double brick townhouse offers, very easy maintenance and stylish modern living with all modern finishes. Small block of five, bus at your door step, 5 minutes walk to the Abbotsford ferry. Quite position, walking distance to bay side, walking paths and close to coffees and eateries.
Fresh interiors feature open plan lounge and dining areas North facing entertainers' area with BBQ area Caesar Stone kitchen with stainless steel appliances, dishwasher Large lock-up garage with internal access and storage Master bedroom with en-suite, built-ins and private balcony Modern bathroom complete with bath and shower Internal laundry, low strata fees.


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Coming Up With A Good Domain Name!Wednesday, January 23rd, 2008
As an internet marketer, the first thing one has to do is look for a good domain name to register. Domain names are the real estate of online business. They are the cornerstones of a good internet business. It is really not a difficult task finding a domain name. There are several places online where a search can be done to check if a domain name is available. You must be wondering, if it was such a simple thing, why all the hue and cry about domain names.
That is because, it is a tough task deciding on the kind of domain name that catches people's attention.
There are a couple of ways to go about this. One is using the keyword method and the other is branding.
The keyword method involves keyword research, where one searches for a domain name that is rich in keywords, on the niche that is being targeted. They say that Google loves keyword rich domains.
For example, if you are planning on setting up a website on weight loss, the first keyword rich name that comes to mind is obviously something like weightloss.com, which would obviously be taken already. So, you will need to search for other keywords in the same niche. (more…)


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You're two. Officially two, as of 1:34 a.m. today.
Or, as you like to say, "TWO!" Because everyone should exclaim their age with such happiness.
It's been another year of wonder and growing and changing, not just for you, but for our whole family. It's almost impossible to believe that a year ago, you were still crawling and cruising, tentatively pulling yourself up to stand, while today you live in a state of perpetual motion, hardly taking a moment to stand still before changing direction and moving on to the next thing. I don't have nearly as many pictures of you from this past year, partially because I fell down on the picture-taking-responsibility front, and partially because most of the shots I took came out as a blur.
Your second year featured lots of firsts: first time trick or treating, first haircut, first (and second and third) (unhappy) time sitting on Santa's lap, first trip to Florida and spring training, first soccer "team," first ice cream cone(s), first character addiction (in Elmo), first "I love yous."
I've often said that you made it clear to me that I did nothing to "create" your personality, because you were born with a strong will and a quick laugh that's all your own. And that still holds true today: you're quick to smile, quick to laugh — and quick to make your opinions known when you're less than happy. Your laugh hasn't changed since you were an infant, though, and I'm still glad to hear it so often, especially when it's interspersed between episodes of "no!" and "mine!" and "I need more mama, I need mooooooooorrrrrre." That laugh makes me smile every day — even when it's preceded by a mischievous grin that undoubtedly means you're up to no good. You don't have a good poker face, kid (which your momma appreciates).
And just as you've been since you were born, you continue to be a creature of habit. Routine is your happy place: blueberries and milk at breakfast; waving bye-bye to the fishies in the tub after a bath; Little Blue Truck (beep! beep! beep!), besos, "nigh-nigh" and "I love you" before bed.
Things you loved this year: running wild through the finished-but-empty basement; climbing, climbing, climbing; headstands, and looking at things upside down, generally; blueberries and pizza and ketchup (it's a real food in your world), Italian ice and popsicles and CHEESE (oh, so much cheese; see the "I need more, mama," above); running through the sprinkler; seeing your friends each morning at daycare; "brushing" your teeth to the alphabet song; hotels (you are your mother's kid, after all); BUBBLES!
Things you were….less fond of: sitting in one place on flights; getting hit with waves at the beach; haircuts (at least until the lollipops showed up); the Flying Dumbos ride; wearing coats, hats, mittens, boots (or anything related that could keep you warm and dry); on a related note, snow; going to the dentist; eating things other than fruit, ketchup, cheese and dessert; putting the bubbles away.
You are only TWO! and yet, you are already growing up — pushing my arm away when I put it around you to read books before bed, figuring out how to open the fridge and scan for what's there (a preview of the teenager you'll be someday), and finding your own voice. I'm excited to see what the next year will bring, even as I know that at this time next year you will seem so much more grown up, with a year of being a big brother and the start of preschool behind you.
"Here Comes the Sun" was a big song for me when you were born. The last two years have been so very different for us than the few that came before them, and I'm so thankful for the sunshine you've brought to our lives. Shine on, kiddo.
[Here's what I was thinking when Teddy was first born, and as he turned one.]


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I've been saying it ever since the Bear made its way into Georgia that things were going to get a lot worse. The Bear has now claimed that the two providences are independent and I am sure that next they will call for Russian protection and leadership. The US is going to make some noise, but in the end nothing will come of this aggression other than scaring the crap out of other former USSR countries. It is sad that the New Russia is the same as the USSR, except they now have Europe by the economic balls.
If you truly believe that anyone in Europe is going to do anything to the Bear, you my friends are sadly mistaken. As seen in the NATO announcement and all the appeasement of the Bear, they are going to walk softly because it gets cold in January with no natural gas. I would like to believe that we would kick them out of stuff and make an example of how this won't be tolerated, but the sad truth is that they will still be on the UN Security Counsel with us and probably in the G8 when all is said and done. We will look like the pansies that we are and don't think that the rest of the world isn't watching. We are going to find that all those that thought they could count on the US for protection are going to see that we are the same pansies that allow the USSR to take over Eastern Europe in the first place.
Do I have any real answers to this dilemma, no. We are in no position to do a damn thing about it and we better start building some more missile defense systems because that is the only thing that is going to protect us in the end. We might also want to think about tightening our borders and drilling for more oil because soon we will be an island unto ourselves with very few if any friends. I know this all sound very negative, but lets be honest do you really believe things are going to get better with the Bear and Iran as friends with no restraint? Let me hear what you think.


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101 guide: Bitcoin futures trading
Find out how Bitcoin futures trading works and why people do it, in this simple guide.
Bitcoin futures trading lets you go long on Bitcoin if you want to bet on a price rise, or go short on Bitcoin if you want to bet on a price drop.
When you buy Bitcoin futures, what you're actually purchasing is an agreement to receive a certain amount of Bitcoin, or the equivalent amount of money, at a specified time.
With this mechanism, you can profit from correctly betting that the price of Bitcoin will go up, which is called going long, or profit from correctly guessing that the price will go down, which is called going short.
Some of the exchanges where you can trade Bitcoin futures
|Time frames
|Learn more
|Up to 50x
|Perpetual, monthly, quarterly
|Up to 100x
|Perpetual, weekly
|Up to 3.3x
|Huobi Global
|Up to 20x
|Weekly, fortnightly, quarterly
How Bitcoin futures trading works
Note that the following is a general guide only. Individual trading platforms may have variations on these systems.
In its simplest terms, Bitcoin futures works by having you deposit some money into a Bitcoin futures exchange and buying Bitcoin futures with it. Profits or losses will be realised when a futures contract is sold, or when it expires naturally.
You will typically be able to keep track of your "realised profits" or "realised losses" on an ongoing basis, which shows an approximation of how much you would gain or lose if you were to sell a contract at the current time.
Functionally, this is similar to watching your balance rise and fall as the market does.
The exact way your total realised profits and losses will balance out depends on how many contracts of which kinds you've purchased, the contract size and specifications, and what the market is doing.
Some of the factors which will affect how your realised profits and losses move are:
- Contract size. The contract size is simply how large each contract is. For example, if you bought a thousand contracts, each of which was equivalent to $1, you'd have $1,000 in the market. Sometimes contracts are valued in BTC or another cryptocurrency, and sometimes they're valued in dollars or other fiat currencies.
- Long or short? Short contracts mean your balance will rise as Bitcoin prices fall and fall as Bitcoin prices rise, while long contracts mean your balance will rise when Bitcoin prices do and fall when Bitcoin prices do. You can simultaneously have multiple contracts of different types which can offset each other.
- Leverage. Functionally, this magnifies how much your balance rises or falls when the markets move. If you're using 100x leverage on a contract, your balance will rise or fall 100x faster than normal for the size of that contract. 100x is typically the highest leverage an exchange will offer and you can have different leverage on different accounts.
- Expiration date. This is the date at which a contract is automatically closed and settled up. You can generally sell your contracts and pocket the gains or losses at any time, but when there's an expiry date, that's when the futures will close. They can sometimes be extended and many exchanges will also offer "perpetual contracts" which don't have any expiry date.
Perpetual contracts don't have a set expiry date, while other futures contracts do.
Bitcoin perpetual futures contracts, or "perpetual swaps," will typically track the spot price (the current market price) of Bitcoin.
Futures contracts with set expiry dates will often trade higher or lower than the current market prices, to account for the uncertainty of future Bitcoin prices.
What is futures trading used for?
Beyond speculation, futures trading can also be used as a risk management tool and a way of playing the market in more depth.
Futures contracts can be used to multiply profits, mitigate risks and profit from falling prices. They can also be a very quick way of losing money if you get liquidated, which can happen very quickly when using 100x leverage.
Bitcoin futures liquidation and collateral
When you're trading futures without leverage, the value of your futures contracts just rises and falls with the crypto markets as usual, according to your open contracts.
But when you're using leverage, the money used to buy a contract serves as collateral and you're essentially trading on borrowed money.
Just like leverage can help you quickly make more money on correct bets, it can also be a very fast way of losing all your funds on incorrect bets. If the markets go the wrong way, you can lose you entire deposit.
For example, if you're trading with 100x leverage, then a price change of just 1% could be enough to wipe out all your collateral and trigger liquidation.
Different exchanges will often have different liquidation thresholds. For example, some might close your orders once you've lost at least 80% of your collateral, and account for fees in different ways.
What are the fees for future trading?
A range of fees may apply, including:
- Trading fees: There will typically be a commission fee for buying and selling futures contracts, similar to buying or selling cryptocurrency outright.
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Where can I trade Bitcoin futures?
Some traditional trading platforms now offer Bitcoin futures, as do a number of dedicated cryptocurrency exchanges and forex trading platforms.
These are used to facilitate trading during specific hours, in well-regulated, legitimate and largely transparent environments.
Is Bitcoin futures trading safe and regulated?
All of the Bitcoin futures exchanges listed on this page are large, well-known and have a reputation for being legitimate.
How well regulated an exchange is depends largely on where it's based. Some are largely unregulated, while others such as CME and Cboe are relatively tightly regulated.
But to a certain extent, Bitcoin futures trading is always at least a bit dangerous given the volatility. Even on a perfectly legitimate exchange, it's possible to quickly lose money.
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Description via ABC.com:
Personal and professional relationships intensify, both aboard ship and on the ground, as the unseen power behind the mission begins to cause psychological and cellular transformations in the astronauts.
The mystery is still looming but has it got any clearer in the third episode of "Defying Gravity"?
Click to Continue: Defying Gravity – Threshold Episode 3 Rundown


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«The kid's a talented, talented quarterback. The Gosford product was originally signed by the Washington Redskins but failed to play a game for them..
If you haven't purchased the game in several years, this is a great year to jump back in.. Defensively, Mangini must manufacture a consistent pass rush, for the browns were ranked 30th in the league in that department with just 17.
And it is done so at a time and place where the only divisiveness sports fans want to see and hear is between the two opposing teams they paid big money to watch, after working all week in jobs that don't pay them the millions of dollars players earn for tossing around a ball for 3 hours..
Yards in 2016. 1 hour ago Once upon a time there was a quasi rivalry between the Jacksonville Jaguars and Carolina Panthers, but meeting just once every four years..
Mike Fasolka. Trump also pushed for it to file an antitrust suit against the NFL, arguing it was illegally wholesale baseball jerseys restricting competition..
Sessions said. Massie was lined up across from seven pass rushers over the course of the game, and he dealt with Vic Beasley the most (22 rushes), stalemating last year's NFL's leader in sacks (15.5)..
The players union said in a statement that man or woman should ever have to choose a job that forces them to surrender their rights.
But the NFL is a salary capped league. Hernandez, who grew up in Bristol, Connecticut, played three seasons for the Patriots before he was released by the team hours after his arrest in June 2013 in the killing of Odin Lloyd, a semi professional football player who was dating the sister of Hernandez's fiancee.
His three best statistical outputs have come in the last three weeks, highlighted by 10 catches for 127 yards and a touchdown in a Week 6 win over Atlanta.
Stay healthy. Sometimes the connection would be very slow, but I think it's more the fault of the other player's connection.
DETROIT (AP) The political aspirations of musician Kid Rock were not laid bare Tuesday night before thousands of screaming fans when the rocker performed the first of six concerts at a new sports arena in Detroit.
It is apparent that custom logos are often more attractive than pre made ones, but either will suffice if you are stretched for time.
This is most notable when the ball becomes lost in the sun or overhead lights visors can operate as sunglasses and improve vision when staring into bright lights.
Burdett added: «Gravity is taught to our children as a law founded on great gaps in understanding. He addressed Roger Goodell directly, urging the commissioner to change the NFL policy on anthem etiquette.
Even nhl jerseys so, the sports universe is heavily Balkanized online, meaning your best bet at comprehensive streaming of pro football will involve that old standby a cable or satellite TV subscription or cellphone service through Verizon.
«But at least over a short period of time, we don't see even versus last year, games missed is not greater than last year.
5, 2015, that was not true. Take the length of rope (six feet) and push it through each of the eye holes customize your own football team on each bolt. Helped Purdue to back to back Big Ten titles and left there with a school record 179 three pointers.
Yards. It's a step. In 2014, Super Bowl winners pocketed an extra $92,000. Months now since the paint dried, it is still jarring.
I mean, every now and http://www.cheapsoccerjerseyschina.com/ then I'll have a glass of wine with the wife; I'm not anti alcohol, but if it's not going to help me get to where I want to get, then it's not part of my regimen..
When they can't afford to pay the fines, they are later arrested for failure to pay. Perhaps the closeness some of these players at Virginia Tech had toJerod Evans, Bucky HodgesandIsaiah Fordwill give them a personal anecdote of what could potentially happen if you go pro early and aren't as well regarded as initially thought.
It is the start of the Patriots' quest to become the first back to back Super Bowl champion since they won in 2004 authentic jersey sale and 2005.
Et toute l'quipe a contribu cette victoire sans appel: la dfense, les units spciales, le jeu de passe, et le jeu au sol (Knowshon Moreno a t il dj mieux jou que ce jour l?).
The Patriots have a old basketball jerseys few of the league's best players and the NFL's best coach. Football reveres mayhem. Talk about compromising a fundraiser's pitch.
Referees, coaches, players, newscasters, announcers and fans all have to rely on your information, so it must be accurate.Know how to record the stats.
Denver hung on to beat the Chargers on Monday night, but it took a blocked field goal to prevent overtime. Dow: / NASDAQ: / S 500:HomeOpinionRapid ReactionsNFL ratings fall as fans make clear: Quit the politicsHow To: Fix Your Fatigue And Get More EnergyIt's scary what this site knows about Americans, enter a nameSo NFL players have a right to kneel during the national anthem true.
Here we are in the year 2012 and it's time for the NFL playoffs. Congress passed laws to dismantle bureaucratic road blocks that kept agencies from working together, and require administrators to have considerable emergency response experience.
I don't believe anything is really considered «hard» for someone that is passionate about what they do. That's why we did it.»"A lot of us that locked arms are Americans, we're African American.
SEGUIN, Texas >> More than 400 trailers packed with water, food, tarps and generators line a vacant airstrip in the farmland just northeast of San Antonio that has been transformed into a bustling logistics hub.
Leaked reports suggested the EPA would scrap the CPP and ask for public input on how best to replace or change the rule. A lot of weight that actually slowed me down.
«A lot of guys come to me so late and in such deep holes that it's hard to help them dig out,» Ruettgers says.»We were more realistic in my days,» says former Husky great and Pro Football Hall of Famer Hugh McElhenny, who turns 83 this week.
He will once again be a fascinating watch in 2017.. Lifting weights wasn't required, either, but there was no way around it, really, if you wanted to be serious about sports, which all five Gronkowski boys were.
You risk your very livelihood to do it, which is a hell of a thing to gamble on some slap and tickle. Thumbs up to De'Mornay Pierson El for his creativity in describing why he's excited about watching cheap mlb jerseys Nebraska's defense this season.


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From your last update on Orion, we'd like to tell you a bit more about him and what he has been doing over the past six-month period.
As you know, Orion was caught with his brother, Saturn, and their sister, Luna, in late 2004. They are known as the "Star cubs".
Orion and Saturn share an enclosure with Athos, Porthos and D'Artagnan. This four acre enclosure is next to where their sister and her female companions live. Orion and Saturn have bonded with these other orphan male cheetahs. However, our staff has quite a job at feeding times, as each of the male cheetahs have to run a gauntlet to get their food as it is given to them separately to prevent confrontation with the other males at mealtimes. They refuse to be intimidated by each other. Orion is a very handsome cat, who will be very large when fully grown.


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Microsoft launched the latest version of its flagship operating software, Windows 10 with much fanfare a few days ago. Users lapped it up happily with over 14 million installations within 24 hours of its launch. However, there are privacy concerns raised by users and experts alike which seem to be playing the party pooper for an otherwise successful launch by Microsoft.
Users have noticed serious privacy issue and taken to sites like Reddit and Hacker News forums to express them. The main issue cited lies in the default settings of Windows 10, which sends user data to Microsoft which in turn uses it serve targeted ads to users. There are issues with Windows using bandwidth to upload data to other Windows computers, share Wi-Fi passwords with online friends and taking out the ability to opt out of security updates.
In what is seen as one of the biggest concerns to user privacy breach are the personalized ads which are embedded in the OS itself. When a user installs Windows he or she is assigned a unique advertising ID. This advertising ID is tied the email that is used to register the software at the time of installation. The same email is also used for its cloud storage uploads, app downloads and other related features. Microsoft uses this information to serve personalize ads to users both while using the apps and during web surfing. Worse still Microsoft seems to be leading the way serving unskippable video ads on its freemium game Solitaire, which has been a part of Windows since the launch of Windows 3.0 in the 90s.
On the other hand, Windows 10 also harvests user data from device location, app usage, calendar, text messages, and even emails to teach Cortana, Microsoft's answer to Apple's ever popular voice assistant Siri. It monitors whom you call and how often you interact with them. While users have the option of opting out of this data harvesting, it is only superficial as the OS still has leverage over your data and can choose to use it to its own accord.
Alec Meer, a security expert from the Rock Paper Shotgun, a gaming website says "Microsoft simply aren't making it clear enough that they're doing this, how it might affect you and how to opt out – despite chest-thumping, we're-all-chums-here talk about how 'real transparency starts with straightforward terms and policies that people can clearly understand. There is no world in which 45 pages of policy documents and opt-out settings split across 13 different Settings screens and an external website constitutes 'real transparency'."
Considering that Microsoft has chosen to take your privacy concerns with a pinch of salt, the onus is on the users now to safeguard their interest and protect their data. If you're a proud owner of the new Windows 10 on your PC, then there are measures you can take at the time of set up to minimize your data trickling out and used for anything undesirable including personalized advertising.
We bring you this handy step by step guide published by IsLeaked for Windows 10 set up and actions you may take to mitigate privacy concerns.
1. During installation
1. Settings customization
2. Use local account with Windows 10
2. On installed system
1. General privacy settings
2. Feedback & diagnostics
3. Windows Update
4. Windows Defender
5. Wi-Fi Sense
6. Cortana & web search
7. Telemetry services
8. Edge browser
During Installation
1. Do NOT use Express Settings. Click "Customize Settings", and make sure EVERYTHING is turned off.
2. It's strongly preferred that you use a local account with Windows 10. You can do it while "Make it yours" screen appears by clicking "Skip this step". After that it's safe to follow instructions.
On installed system
1. Head to Settings > Privacy, and disable everything, unless there are some things you really need (like allowing websites access to your language list). At least pay attention to "General", "Speech, inking & typing" and "Location" pages.
2. While within the "Privacy" page, go to "Feedback & diagnostics", select Never in the first box, and Basic in the second box.
3. Head to Settings > Update & Security > Windows Update > Advanced Options > Choose how updates are delivered, and turn the first switch off.
4. While within the Update & Security page, go to "Windows Defender" and turn off "Cloud based Protection" and "Sample submission".
5. Head to Settings > Network & Internet > Wi-Fi > Manage Wi-Fi settings. Turn off both switches to disable Wi-Fi Sense.
6. Disable Cortana and web search in "Search bar" by clicking on it, going to Settings by pressing on a cog icon, and turning off both switches.
7. To disable telemetry open Command Prompt as administrator by clicking right mouse button on Start button or by pressing Win+X shortcut, and enter the following:
sc delete DiagTrack sc delete dmwappushservice echo "" > C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Diagnosis\ETLLogs\AutoLogger\AutoLogger-Diagtrack-Listener.etl reg add "HKLM\SOFTWARE\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\DataCollection" /v AllowTelemetry /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
8. It will not be superfluous to set up Edge browser. Open it, then go to More Actions > Settings > View advanced settings. Enable Do Not Track requests and disable search suggestions, page prediction and SmartScreen filter. Make sure that Cortana is switched off too.
9. If you're using Microsoft account, it's preferred to convert it to local account by heading to Settings > Accounts > Your accounts and clicking on Sign in with a local account instead and following the guide.
If you can't do this, turn off sync settings. Head to Settings > Accounts > Sync your settings and switch it off.
Microsoft introduced a lot of new great features in Windows 10 such as Cortana. However, most of them are breaking your privacy. For example if you're using the default settings, each time you start typing in search box in taskbar (to open an application or search for a file on your computer), your local search terms and location are sent to Microsoft, some of which advertise to you.
Windows have to protect user privacy by default. Since it doesn't, you can follow these steps to disable the parts of Windows which are invasive to your privacy.


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HIITMax Live #181 - LIIT - Legs
Using resistance & weight we work the legs and ass through slow reps & it Burns like a Mo-Fo !!
"Low Intensity Interval Training" is becoming one of the latest way to train each muscle group to ensure you get a full extention and you really make each rep count.
Two light weights
Kettle bell
2x plates for under heels
2x resistance bands
Work in 2min blocks / 15sec rest
Place band around thighs and booty band around ankles - heels elevated on plates
1. Bodyweight Squat down for 4. Hold at bottom for 4, come up for 4
2. Sit at 90' off bench/challengers, open knees out and in for 4, repeat for 4 on each side
3. Heels elevated, wide squat down for 4, hold for 4, up for 4
4. Sit off bench again, knees in and out for 10, stay out and squeeze knees further out for 10
5. Elevate back leg (option), lunge down for 4, hold at bottom for 4, come up for 4 - repeat, one side only
6. Work same side, come down into side lunge for 4, power up for 4
7. Repeat lunge on other side
8. Repeat side lunge other side
9. Sit off bench wide stance, holding knees open then squeeze open as wide as can, step feet out slightly wider, hold for 4, pulse out for 4, step out wider again, hold for 4, pulse for 4, hold out for 4, pulse for 4, step wider and repeat, hold out, toes up, toes down, repeat 2x, hold with toes up and pulse for 10
10. Elevated arms near crawl off bench/challenger (or stay on floor) , hold for 4, pulse knees in and out for 4, slow down and pulse out and in for remaining time
11. Move band around knees, Kneel or stand, leaning forward onto bench/challenge or chair back, kick back into ext with one leg, bend and donkey press up, repeat for 4 then repeat, staying with press to ceiling, foot flexed to ceiling, to one min mark, then bring knee down for three, up for three, push to ceiling and repeat
12. Repeat other side
13. Move band around things and Lay on back with feet Ext, move knees out then in for four, repeat but moving knees out for two then in for two, hold knees out and pulse for 10, then move in for two, out for two, repeat to final 10 then end with pulse out
14. Single leg glute thrusts - other ankle crosses over knee, up for two, down for two - 1min only
15. Repeat single leg thrust other side - 1min only
16. Hold onto bar in vertical position for balance, stand tall, bend one knee and push back for three, back in for three
17. Still using bar for balance, wide squat down for four, come up into plié on toes or 4 and hold for 4 at top, back down for four
18. Repeat standing leg push back on other side
19. 4x steady pace squats, stay low, 4x side walks, back to 4x squats, stay down, 4x side walks and repeat to end
20. Curtsy down for 4, hold for 4 at bottom, come up for 4, Tap out to side and back to curtsy
21. Repeat curtsy other side
22. Bar on back, heels elevated, down for four and up for four
23. Keep heels elevated, hamstring deadlift down for four, up for four, squeeze at top
24. Lunge back down for four, tap forward to centre, then back behind into curtsy lunge, down for four, Tap back to centre and repeat - one side only
25. Repeat other side
HIITMax Live #180 - LIIT - Chest
"Low Intensity Interval Training" is becoming one of the latest way to train each muscle group to ensure you get a full extention and you really make each rep count.
Using resistance & weight we work the chest through slow reps. Prepare to feel the burn in...
HIITMAX Live #179 - Full Body 2 Min Sweat
2min work 15sec rest
Need: low challenger bar/box/bench, 2x heavy hand weights, kettle bell, booty band
Booty band around ankles
1. 2x switch leg jumps, jump out into squat hold - repeat 4x then increase to 10x switch jumps into squ...
HIITMAX Live #178 - Back Strength Couplet
Pull ups
Resistance Row
Resistance Bent Over Fly
Resistance Face Pulls
Resistance Y Flys
Pull Ups
Row - Left
Row - Right
Resistance Back Y Reaches
3 Point Bent Over Raises
Add Cardio or Die a Little l...


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Beyond its powerful network firewall and VPN technologies, the CloudGen Firewall provides seamless integration with all authentication methods (e.g., Active Directory, RADIUS, LDAP/s, etc.) to facilitate policy configuration based on the actual user and group information and not just IP addresses. User visibility and control is a significant factor for handling network traffic and creating policies. If you do not have an external authentication server available, you can create and maintain a list of local users and groups on the firewall. The firewall can also use the Barracuda DC Agents on the MSAD server and the Barracuda Terminal Server Agents on the Microsoft Terminal Server to provide fully transparent user authentication.
You can use local and external authentication for the following services and features:
- Forwarding Firewall and Firewall Authentication
- URL Filter
- VPN Service (C2S VPN and SSL VPN)
External Authentication
By integrating the CloudGen Firewall with your authentication server, you can configure policies that apply to specific users and groups. The CloudGen Firewall lets you configure a range of external authentication schemes, such as
- Microsoft Active Directory (MSAD)
- Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
- Wi-Fi AP Authentication
- Barracuda DC Agent
- Barracuda Terminal Server Agent
- Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP)
Local Authentication
If no external authentication service is available, NGF Local Authentication locally manages users and groups on your CloudGen Firewall.
For more information, see: How to Configure NGF Local Authentication.
Guest Access
To grant guest users access to the network, you can use the following methods:
- Confirmation Page – Prompts guests to agree to Terms of Service before they can access the network. For more information, see How to Configure Guest Access with a Confirmation Page.
- Guest Ticketing – Assigns guests with tickets that give them credentials to temporarily access the network. For more information, see How to Configure Guest Access with the Ticketing System and How to Manage Guest Tickets - User's Guide.


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Friday's US Jobs Report Keeps Pressure on US Outlook as Euro to US Dollar Exchange Rate Climbs
The Euro to US Dollar (EUR/USD) exchange rate continued its gradual recovery rally when markets opened on Monday, as the latest US data and trade news developments kept pressure on the US Dollar (USD).
Due to trade jitters weighing more and more on the US Dollar, as well as the latest disappointing US jobs data, EUR/USD was more easily able to climb from 1.1690 to 1.1754.
Since markets opened this week, EUR/USD has edged even higher and touched on a high of 1.1777. This was the pair's highest level in almost a month, since mid-June.
The primary reason for the US Dollar's weakness since last Friday has been the disappointing wage growth figures in the latest US Non-Farm Payroll results.
On the other hand, the Euro's (EUR) strength appeared to mostly come from a combination of US Dollar weakness, as well as solid Eurozone confidence stats and German trade data.
Euro (EUR) Exchange Rates Benefit from Weakness in Rivals and Signs of Economic Resilience
While much of the Euro's strength since last week has been largely due to US Dollar weakness, the currency has found stronger support in domestic news too.
Monday saw the publication of Germany's May trade balance results, which were generally solid despite market concerns about how US trade tariff jitters may have impacted business activity in the Eurozone's biggest economy.
The key German trade balance surplus narrowed slightly, from €20.1b to €19.7b – but the seasonally adjusted figure unexpectedly improved from €19.0b to €20.3b.
On top of this, research group Sentix's Eurozone investor confidence report unexpectedly improved in July. The figure was expected to slide from 9.3 to 8.2, but instead jumped to 12.1.
Both the German trade data and Sentix report indicated that trade jitters had not yet had a notable negative impact on the Eurozone's economic activity.
Still, analysts from Sentix argued that this figure did not indicate an upswing of confidence, or any underlying trend that would continue.
US Dollar (USD) Exchange Rates Remain Pressured by Signs of Weaker Wages
Warnings from economists that US trade tariff plans could have a negative impact on US economic activity, as well as mixed US data, have put an end to the bullish US Dollar streak seen in recent months.
Most of last week's US Non-Farm Payrolls report was generally optimistic, with more new jobs being made in June than expected.
However, markets were spooked by the latest weekly earnings figures, which fell short of forecasts in both major prints.
The monthly wages print was expected to remain at 0.3%, but unexpectedly slowed to 0.2%. The yearly figure, on the other hand, remained at 2.7% rather than climbing to the forecast 2.8%.
In response to the report, bets of a fourth 2018 interest rate hike from the Federal Reserve slipped. According to Marvin Loh, senior global market strategist at BNY Mellon:
'Without an acceleration of wage growth, a fourth hike at the end of the year is a more difficult call and futures shows that hesitation, placing just 50 per cent odds on that event,'
Euro to US Dollar (EUR/USD) Forecast: US Inflation in Focus
There will be many influential Eurozone and US ecostats published throughout the week, but following last week's disappointing US wage growth results investors will be most highly anticipating the inflation data due on Thursday.
Germany's final June Consumer Price Index (CPI) results will be published during Thursday's European session, followed by US inflation results from June during the American session.
These figures are the week's most influential, at least in terms of Central Bank speculation which will remain a focus for US Dollar movement.
If the US inflation figures fall short of expectations, it will make investors concerned that other US price pressures are more subdued than expected. This could weigh even further on Federal Reserve interest rate hike bets and weaken the US Dollar.
Of course, other key data due throughout the week could prove influential too.
ZEW's Eurozone economic sentiment data on Tuesday and US Michigan Consumer Sentiment data on Friday could inspire shifts in the Euro to US Dollar (EUR/USD) exchange rate.


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An Orton effect causes the lighter part of the image to glow while keeping the dark parts untouched. There are several approaches, a non-destructive method using Luminosity Masks and Smart Objects and there is also the Fast and Dirty method documented further down this post.
As most of my edit is 'non-destructive' so using Smart Objects seems to me to be the way to go.
Non Destructive
- Open the file from LR as a Smart Object into PS.
- In PS right click the layer just created from LR and select New Smart Object Via Copy (this will break the link to the original SO so that CR edits are still possible on the original SM from LR.
- Rename the new layer as BASE
- Cmd+J to duplicate this layer (which will keep the link to the BASE Layer.
- Rename this new layer as BLUR
- Double click the BLUR layer and add about 1 EV of Exposure so that the highlights glow but are not burned out. (this will change the BASE layer as well)
- Change the BLUR layer to blend mode of Multiply
- Add a Gaussian Blur to the BLUR layer – zoom to at least 100% and avoid bleeding the colour into the highlights. The preview window helps to avoid the bleeding while the final results are displayed.
- Add a Shadow Luminosity Mask to the BLUR layer to protect the darks as they are not part of the Orton effect.
- Optionally mask the highlights somewhat to restore detail to them (without the blur)
Fast and Dirty
Have you ever wondered how some of the top landscape photographers achieve that dreamy yet sharp look? It's actually quite simple. In this article you will find a step-by-step guide to creating, refining and using the 'Orton layer' in your post processing workflow.
Take original image, add 1 stop EV.
Duplicate, 20 pixel Gaussian Blur. 2% increase is size to 'un-register' may be performed if desired.
Red and Yellow content works well.
Blend mode Multiply
Sharpen the original image not the orton layer
Source: Go with the glow: How to effectively use Orton Layers in post processing


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Why is everyone recommending Raju Hirani to see 'Lucknow Central' jail set?
| Updated: Aug 23, 2017 11:20 IST
New Delhi [India], Feb. 17 (ANI): Farhan Akhtar's upcoming film, 'Lucknow Central,' which is set against the backdrop of a jail, has a huge set in Film City, taking up a mammoth space of two acres. People from the industry who have seen the set are raving about it and are recommending Rajkumar Hirani to go and see it. Hirani has begun the shooting of Sanjay Dutt's biopic with Ranbir Kapoor and sources say everyone is recommending the 'Lucknow Central' set to him as he will be needing a jail setup of quite the same stature to shoot some of Sanjay Dutt's pivotal scenes in the Pune Yerwada Jail. The shooting of the much awaited biopic has begun in full swing and is set to have a Christmas release this year. (ANI)