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TAWANA RESOURCES NL - Lithium Project AcquiredRelease Date: 11/07/2016 09:55:00 Code(s): TAW PDF(s):
Lithium Project Acquired Tawana Resources NL (Incorporated in Australia) (Registration number ACN 085 166 721) Share code on the JSE Limited: TAW JSE ISIN: AU0000TAWDA9 Share code on the Australian Securities Exchange Limited: TAW ASX ISIN: AU000000TAW7 ("the Company" or "Tawana") LITHIUM PROJECTS ACQUIRED PLEASE NOTE: ALL GRAPHICS HAVE BEEN REMOVED FOR SENS PURPOSES. PLEASE REFER TO TAWANA WEBSITE FOR THE COMPLETE ANNOUNCEMENT. Tawana Resources NL ("Tawana" or the "Company") is pleased to announce the acquisition of Mount Belches Pty Ltd ("Mt Belches"), which has one tenement application and rights (via an option agreement) to acquire 100% of three exploration licences and one exploration licence application, all of which are highly prospective for lithium and located in the Goldfields region of Western Australia. The five tenements (Tenements) are located in two project areas: - Cowan - comprising three granted exploration licences totalling 159 square km and located approximately 55km south-east of Kambalda; and - Yallari - comprising two exploration licence applications totalling 100 square km and located approximately 25km south-east of Coolgardie, adjacent to the Coolgardie-Esperance Hwy. Highlights - The Cowan Project covers approximately 26km strike of two belts containing a large number of rare element pegmatites. - Prior shallow exploration and previous small scale mining focused on tantalum and tin only. - Anomalous lithium assayed in wide spaced geochemistry and rock chip sampling. - A number of spodumene-rich pegmatites mapped and a large number of drill-ready lithium geo- chemical anomalies identified in previous exploration data. - Recent rock-chip sampling returned grades of up to 1.85% Li (3.99% Li2O) from spodumene-rich pegmatite. - Drilling to test the known spodumene pegmatites and lithium geochemical anomalies is planned for September 2016. - Mark Calderwood appointed as Chief Executive Officer who has significant corporate credentials and relevant exploration experience. - Tawana has received commitments for a $1,750,000 Placement. - Purchase consideration for Mt Belches will be the issue of 40,000,000 Tawana shares to shareholders of Mt Belches, none of whom are related parties of the Company. Chairman Mike Bohm stated, "We are very pleased that Tawana has been successful in acquiring both an option over 100% of a well located project with demonstrated exploration potential for spodumene-type lithium and an experienced Chief Executive in Mark Calderwood who has significant corporate experience in the international resources arena and the technical experience to oversee and advance this highly prospective project. Page 1 It is also worth highlighting that the project area covers the bulk of a large Lithium-Caesium-Tantalum (LCT) pegmatite field, and that there are a significant number of drill-ready lithium targets available - including undrilled pegmatites rich in spodumene." Appointment of Chief Executive Officer The sole director of Mount Belches Pty Ltd, Mark Calderwood, has been appointed Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") of the Company effective 11 July 2016. He has extensive experience in mineral exploration and production management, he is an authority on pegmatites and was a co-author of the 'Pegmatites of Western Australia". Mr Calderwood was CEO of Perseus Mining Limited for 9 years and is currently non- executive director of three junior gold explorers. Mr Calderwood has the requisite 5 years' experience for reporting on the results of rare metal pegmatite exploration. Capital Raising In order to fund planned exploration programs, the Company has received commitments to raise $1,750,000 by issue of shares at a price of $0.025 per share. The Company will issue 19,600,000 shares under its 15% placement capacity in the coming days and will issue a further 50,400,000 shares following shareholder approval. In support of the acquisition, all of the Directors have proposed to participate in the Placement which will also require shareholder approval. Shareholder approval will also be sought for the purchase of Mt Belches, completion of which is required by 31 August 2016. A notice of meeting will be circulated shortly. Geology The Project area comprises Archaean quartz-biotite metasediments and amphibolites of the Eastern Goldfields Terrane of the Yilgarn Craton. These metasediments trend north-south and have been intruded by large numbers of pegmatites. Two main belts of rare element Lithium-Caesium-Tantalum type ("LCT") pegmatites are known in the Project area. LCT type pegmatites are derived from highly siliceous, peraluminous (S-Type, 'fertile' granites) as highly fractionated granitic melts. These fractionated melts contain the rare elements (Be, Rb, Cs, Sn, Nb, Ta etc) and a high volatile content (H2O, F, B, P and Li). Petr ?erný's pegmatite classification (?erný 1991) is the accepted standard. Under this pegmatite classification scheme the Project area is prospective for: i) LCT Albite-spodumene: These are typically unzoned, homogeneous pegmatites with subhedral spodumene in a quartz-albite matrix. The Mt Marion pegmatites (located 75km to the northwest) are examples of this subclass. ii) LCT Albite: Zoned albite pegmatites have a fine grained albite and quartz border zone with albite, often of the cleavelandite variety, as the central pegmatite zone. Small quartz lenses and scattered pods of coarsely crystallized quartz, microcline with accessory minerals of beryl and phosphates with mica are found irregularly within the albite central zones. Tantalum minerals are found disseminated within the albite. iii) LCT Complex: There are considered to be four subclasses depending upon which Li-bearing mineral is dominant in the pegmatite. a) Spodumene: spodumene-dominant lithium-bearing pegmatites that are zoned and mineralogically complex (e.g. the Greenbushes and Mt Cattlin pegmatite deposits). b) Petalite: Zoned pegmatites dominated by petalite and/or its alteration products (e.g. the Londonderry pegmatites, located 105km to the west-northwest). c) Lepidolite: Pegmatites simple or zoned with are rich in lepidolite (e.g. the Mt Deans pegmatites located 105km to the southwest). d) Amblygonite: Amblygonite-rich pegmatites (Ubini pegmatite, located 130km to the west- northwest). Page 2 The two large LCT pegmatite belts defined within the Project area are: 1) Mt Belches – Bald Hill ("MBBH Belt") This pegmatite belt striking north to northwest extends for at least 15km, however the pegmatite belt likely extends for at least 25km under transported cover. A large number of albite rich and LCT type Albite-Spodumene pegmatites occur over a width of about 4km. Previous exploration and exploitation has been focused on tantalum and tin. About 10km strike of the pegmatite belt is located on the Mount Belches tenements. 2) Claypan Dam- Madoonia ("CDM Belt") This less explored northeast-southwest oriented LCT pegmatite belt has a strike of at least 22km and width of at least 7km. The belt is known to contain LCT Albite pegmatites with tantalite and tin and potentially hosts LCT Albite-Spodumene pegmatites. A significant portion of the belt is covered by the Mount Belches tenements. The pegmatites occur as gently dipping sheets and as steeply dipping veins which are all elongate in a northerly direction, parallel to the regional foliation. They range in thickness from a few metres to as much as 30 metres and in some instances occur as multiple, parallel dykes or swarms separated by a few metres of sheared metasediments (Jacobson et al 2007). The unweathered pegmatites as exposed in the Bald Hill South pit (south of the Project area) are composed of two zones, a quartz-spodumene-albite zone and a quartz-microcline-muscovite-albite zone. From inspection, cassiterite, columbite-tantalite are present as accessory minerals in the quartz-spodumene-albite zone. The zoning is so poorly defined that these pegmatites can be classified as unzoned albite-spodumene pegmatites (Jacobson et al 2007). Outcrops of exposed schist and pegmatites are restricted to limited areas; most of the tenement area is concealed by bluebush floodplain and sandplain and wash zones. Remnants of Eocene sediments also mask bedrock. Previous Work Prior exploration by tantalum explorers on the tenements has essentially been limited to: A) Wide spaced (~200m x 400m) shallow RAB (and minor RC) drilling for bottom of hole geochemistry including lithium assays. Within the project area 419 holes averaging 12.9m were drilled and sampled within part of the MBBH Belt and 257 holes averaging 16.1m were drilled and sampled within part of the CDM Belt. The resulting lithium geochemical database has resulted in the identification of a significant number of anomalies worthy of follow-up drilling. Based on the entire regional database lithium assays of schist with 40ppm (85ppm Li 2O) are considered anomalous, 80ppm (170ppm Li2O) strongly anomalous and 120ppm (260ppm Li2O) highly anomalous. Background lithium levels within the schist hosting the two pegmatite belts is about 3ppm. A summary of drill hole geochemical results are provided in Table 1 and shown on Figures 3 to 6. Selected individual drill hole geochemical results are provided in Table 4. A summary of anomalous rock chip results from previous exploration are provided in Table 2. These rock chip results are shown on Figures 3 to 6 as pegmatite locations. B) Table 1 | Summary of Bottom of HoleRAB and RC Geochemical Sampling Pegmatite Belt Holes Holes +/= Holes +/= Holes +/= Sampled 40ppm Li 80ppm Li 120ppm Li MBBH 419 206 (49%) 81 (19%) 39 (9%) CDM 257 77 (30%) 11 (4%) 4 (2%) Page 3 C) Rock chip sampling, prior explorers collected more than 226 pegmatite samples from within the Project area of which 219 were assayed for Li. A total of 95 (42%) of the rock chip samples contained anomalous levels of one or more of Li, Cs, Ta or Sn. Table 2 | Summary of Anomalous Previous Rock Chip Geochemical Sampling Pegmatite Li2O Cs2O Ta2O5 SnO2 Na2O +100ppm +100ppm +50ppm +50ppm >4% # of samples 41 37 47 37 129 % of total 19% 17% 21% 16% 65% Average grade (ppm) 1,041 189 192 118 5.4% A) The extensive shallow auger and soil sampling is considered to be of limited value due to the unknown regolith profile and extensive transported Archaean derived regolith or in-situ Eocene sediments and the likely leaching of lithium from the weathered sampling medium. B) RC drilling of 24 pegmatites (or pegmatite clusters) was undertaken however lithium was not analysed in pegmatite samples. A total of 70 RC and RAB holes intercepted pegmatites within the Cowan Project area. RC drill hole BHC1013 intercepted 14.5m of pegmatite with spodumene logged throughout. RC drill hole BHR882 contained a 4m intersection of pegmatite which was logged as containing spodumene and a bottom of hole (BOH) schist sample contains 2,019ppm Li2O. Prior production within the Project Area is limited to a small amount of tin and/or tantalum from eluvials at the Mount Belches workings. Soft and hard rock mining for tantalum with associated accessory tin has been undertaken at the Bald Hill and the Dawn View mines on adjoining tenements and at Saint John workings on excised licences. Recent Work Recent mapping and rock chip sampling of outcropping spodumene bearing pegmatites located within E15/1446 in the Mount Belches area, has returned lithium values from 15 samples of pegmatite. Lithium values range from 3,762 ppm (0.81% Li2O) in pegmatite containing moderate spodumene content up to 18,545 ppm (3.99% Li2O) in pegmatites with high spodumene content. Results of the 15l samples are contained in Table 5, sample locations and details of sampling are contained in Appendix 1 Section 2 and the Li2O results are shown on Figure 4. Initial Exploration Planned by Tawana The Company plans to undertake initial RC drilling of existing drill targets. Concurrently with drilling the Company will undertake further mapping and sampling within the pegmatite belts not previously explored. Mineralogy will be undertaken on pegmatites to better define their LCT type pegmatite classification. Yallari Project The Yallari Project is located 25km southeast of Coolgardie and about 10km west of Mt Marion. The project areas cover portions of the greenstone sequence that hosts the Mt Marion and Londonderry pegmatite fields. Numerous pegmatites have been mapped by nickel and base metal explorers however there are no records on the rare element content of the pegmatites. These pegmatites based on their mineralogy are probably derived from a peraluminous and possible 'fertile' granite. The geological setting of the pegmatites and the proximity to the Mt Marion and Londonderry lithium bearing pegmatite fields is encouraging. Page 4 Sampling is required to define the pegmatite type(s) and their potential for mineralisation. Based on the currently known pegmatite mineralogy the most prospective area for lithium enriched pegmatites will be further from the source granite (Figure 8). Three recent samples of pegmatite scree from near access tracks returned anomalous lithium result from one sample (Refer Table 6). Table 3 | Tenement Summary Cowan Project Tenement number Km2 Grant Date E15/1205 5.9 10-03-2011 E15/1377 95.7 12-11-2014 E15/1446 57.6 18-08-2014 Yallari Project Tenement number Km2 Grant Date E15/1401 41.2 Pending E15/1525 58.8 Pending Table 4 | Cowan Project, Selected Significant BOH (1m) Assays MBBH Pegmatite Belt From To Cs Li Rb Li2O HOLE ID EAST NORTH (m) (m) ppm ppm ppm ppm BHR0878 421,087 6,515,272 21 22 26 491 171 1,057 BHR0880 421,187 6,515,309 24 25 2,366 938 6,973 2,019 BHR1941 417,687 6,518,557 16 17 84 241 170 519 BHR1971 419,637 6,517,457 2 3 36 311 84 670 BHR2050 416,237 6,522,957 1 2 57 471 78 1,014 BHR2075 416,637 6,522,557 0 1 121 1,248 193 2,687 BHR2076 416,437 6,522,557 0 1 35 1,656 118 3,565 BHR2100 418,537 6,521,757 0 2 7 382 79 823 BHR2101 418,487 6,521,757 1 2 45 375 56 808 BHR2105 417,637 6,521,732 2 3 21 388 76 835 BHR2134 417,237 6,520,957 21 22 6 245 72 527 BHR2159 417,637 6,519,557 9 10 19 341 134 734 BHR2165 418,637 6,519,357 2 3 8 283 245 609 BHR2184 418,137 6,518,107 20 21 2,505 1,606 1,073 3,457 BHR2186 418,237 6,518,157 18 19 10 366 96 788 BHR2199 418,687 6,517,557 23 24 5 249 63 536 BHR2237 419,337 6,517,532 0 1 6 246 70 530 BHR2244 419,437 6,517,857 1 2 6 260 126 560 Page 5 Table 5 | Cowan Project 2016 Pegmatite Rock Chip Sampling (results in ppm unless stated) Ref Description Cs K Li Li2O % Nb Rb Sn Ta P10 pegmatite outcrop spodumene rich 59.7 1.11 10,799 2.32 68 487 60 91 P11 pegmatite outcrop spodumene rich 49.2 0.89 8,706 1.87 79 417 70 86 P13 pegmatite outcrop spodumene rich 64.9 1.35 9,264 1.99 54 717 135 43 P16 pegmatite outcrop with spodumene 34.9 0.62 3,762 0.81 94 327 94 97 P17 pegmatite outcrop spodumene poor 96.2 1.25 3,507 0.75 87 622 135 175 P18 pegmatite outcrop visible Ta/Sn? 210.2 2.15 75 0.02 92 2,175 637 283 P22 Cymatolite after spodumene? in 265.7 3.01 146 0.03 17 1,150 274 23 pegmatite from trench dump P23 pegmatite spodumene rich from 101.6 0.73 18,545 3.99 20 251 213 42 trench P24 pegmatite spodumene rich from 97.6 1.19 11,913 2.56 61 347 213 60 trench P33 pegmatite outcrop spodumene rich 25.7 0.64 10,894 2.35 58 214 43 51 P36 pegmatite outcrop spodumene rich 35.3 1.18 9,555 2.06 43 406 48 41 P37 pegmatite outcrop spodumene rich 32.8 0.46 13,136 2.83 63 214 70 42 P42 pegmatite outcrop spodumene rich 79.5 1.21 8,293 1.79 58 612 140 115 P45 pegmatite outcrop spodumene rich 52.1 0.43 10,817 2.33 82 188 98 136 P49 pegmatite outcrop spodumene rich 30.2 0.44 11,366 2.45 79 179 75 73 Table 6 | Yallari Project 2016 Pegmatite Rock Chip Sampling (results in ppm unless stated) Ref. Location Description Cs K% Li Li2O % Nb Rb Sn Ta P04 E15/1526 pegmatite scree 59.5 3.66 22 0.00 43 913.6 8 14.4 P06 E15/1401 pegmatite scree 8.7 2.46 37 0.01 58 567.7 10 7.2 P09 E15/1401 pegmatite scree 12.9 2.62 832 0.18 17 515.6 5 6.6 Terms of the Tenement Option Agreement The terms of the option agreement for Mt Belches to acquire 100% of the Tenements are as follows: o Option payment of $100,000 which was paid by Tawana on 6 July 2016; o $2,000,000 in cash or Tawana shares (based on the 30 day VWAP) any time up to 4 March 2017. The choice of cash or shares or a combination of the two is at the election of the grantor of the Option; and o 2% gross revenue royalty on any production. Consideration for the Purchase of Mt Belches Pty Ltd The consideration for Mt Belches will be the issue of 40,000,000 Tawana shares to the shareholders of Mt Belches, none of whom are related parties of the Company. Competent Persons Statement The information in this news release that relates to Exploration Results is based on and fairly represents information and supporting documentation compiled by Mr Mark Calderwood, the sole director of Mount Belches Pty Ltd and reviewed by Mr Ralph Porter, a full time employee of CSA Global Pty Ltd. Mr Calderwood is a member of The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. Mr Page 6 Porter is a Member of the Australian Institute of Geoscientists. Mr Calderwood and Mr Porter both have sufficient experience relevant to the style of mineralisation under consideration and to the activity which they are undertaking to qualify as a Competent Person as defined in the 2012 edition of the "Australasian Code for Reporting of Exploration Results, Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves". Mr Porter and Mr Calderwood both consent to the inclusion in this report of the matters based on their information in the form and context in which it appears. Forward Looking Statement This report may contain certain forward looking statements and projections regarding estimated, resources and reserves; planned production and operating costs profiles; planned capital requirements; and planned strategies and corporate objectives. Such forward looking statements/projections are estimates for discussion purposes only and should not be relied upon. They are not guarantees of future performance and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors many of which are beyond the control of Tawana Resources NL. The forward looking statements/projections are inherently uncertain and may therefore differ materially from results ultimately achieved. Tawana Resources NL does not make any representations and provides no warranties concerning the accuracy of the projections, and disclaims any obligation to update or revise any forward looking statements/projects based on new information, future events or otherwise except to the extent required by applicable laws. While the information contained in this report has been prepared in good faith, neither TAW or any of its directors, officers, agents, employees or advisors give any representation or warranty, express or implied, as to the fairness, accuracy, completeness or correctness of the information, opinions and conclusions contained in this presentation. Accordingly, to the maximum extent permitted by law, none of TAW, its directors, employees or agents, advisers, nor any other person accepts any liability whether direct or indirect, express or limited, contractual, tortuous, statutory or otherwise, in respect of, the accuracy or completeness of the information or for any of the opinions contained in this presentation or for any errors, omissions or misstatements or for any loss, howsoever arising, from the use of this presentation. Appendix 1 Section 1 Sampling Techniques and Data Criteria JORC Code Explanation Commentary Sampling Nature and quality of sampling (e.g. cut Drilling was the principal form of sampling within techniques channels, random chips, or specific specialised the Cowan project area, and included the use of industry standard measurement tools RAB (10,106m) and RC (1,965m) drilling appropriate to the minerals under investigation, techniques. such as down hole gamma sondes, or handheld XRF instruments, etc.). These examples should not be taken as limiting the broad Rock chip sampling of pegmatites was also meaning of sampling. undertaken as a reconnaissance exploration method 915 shallow auger and vacuum holes were drilled, however this data is of limited value due to the unknown sample medium. Relevant sampling with the Yallari Project area is limited to three rock chip samples. Include reference to measures taken to ensure Based on available data, there is nothing to indicate sample representivity and the appropriate that drilling practices were not to normal industry calibration of any measurement tools or systems standards at the time. used. Page 7 Criteria JORC Code Explanation Commentary Aspects of the determination of mineralisation Given the purpose of first pass exploration work, that are Material to the Public Report. In sampling practices were normal industry standard cases where 'industry standard' work has been and appropriate. done this would be relatively simple (e.g. 'reverse circulation drilling was used to obtain 1 m samples from which 3 kg was pulverised to None of the drilling or rock chip sampling is produce a 30 g charge for fire assay'). In other appropriate or was or is intended to be used for cases more explanation may be required, such Resource estimates. as where there is coarse gold that has inherent sampling problems. Unusual commodities or mineralisation types (e.g. submarine nodules) may warrant disclosure of detailed information. Drilling techniques Drill type (e.g. core, reverse circulation, open- Previous drilling completed on the Cowan Project hole hammer, rotary air blast, auger, Bangka, comprised 707 RAB holes for 10,106m and 75 RC sonic, etc.) and details (e.g. core diameter, triple holes for 1,965m. There were no details recorded or standard tube, depth of diamond tails, face- on hole diameters from the various types of sampling bit or other type, whether core is previous drilling. oriented and if so, by what method, etc.). No drill holes appear to have been surveyed. Drill sample Method of recording and assessing core and chip There are no records of sample recovery for the recovery sample recoveries and results assessed. various types of previous drilling. Measures taken to maximise sample recovery There are no records of drill sample quality or and ensure representative nature of the samples. potential contamination Whether a relationship exists between sample There are no records for sample recovery for the recovery and grade and whether sample bias various types of previous drilling conducted. . may have occurred due to preferential loss/gain Consequently it is not possible to review grade bias of fine/coarse material. in relation to sample recovery. Logging Whether core and chip samples have been All historic drill holes were geologically logged, geologically and geotechnically logged to a level original log sheets have been viewed and vary in of detail to support appropriate Mineral quality from simple to moderately detailed logs. Resource estimation, mining studies and metallurgical studies. No resources estimates were calculated Whether logging is qualitative or quantitative Logging descriptions were qualitative for the in nature. Core (or costean, channel, etc.) previous drilling. photography The total length and percentage of the relevant All the previous drill holes have been geologically intersections logged. logged and the basic geological data recorded in the drilling database. Sub-sampling If core, whether cut or sawn and whether No core drilling has been undertaken. techniques and quarter, half or all core taken. sample preparation Page 8 Criteria JORC Code Explanation Commentary If non-core, whether riffled, tube sampled, RC samples were retrieved via cyclone by taking rotary split, etc. and whether sampled wet or large 5kg sub-sample produced by riffle splitting dry. the 1m (or less) samples twice. Only samples of pegmatites and immediate host rock were collected for assay. RAB samples were retrieved via a cyclone with each metre of sample collected and laid on the ground. Generally one assay sample was collected except where pegmatites were intercepted For all sample types, the nature, quality and RC samples were split into 2 and pulverised and appropriateness of the sample preparation homogenised prior to splitting out the assay sample. technique. Two samples were assayed with 10% repeat assays. An average of the 2 samples is then taken as the result for the 1m interval. RAB samples were retrieved via a cyclone Bottom of hole samples were taken for bedrock geochemistry. Assay determinations Li, Cs and Rb was by ICP/Ms Quality control procedures adopted for all sub- There are no records of the QAQC procedures sampling stages to maximise representivity of adopted for the various types of historic sampling. samples. Measures taken to ensure that the sampling is No records were located on duplicate sampling. representative of the in situ material collected, including for instance results for field duplicate/second-half sampling. Whether sample sizes are appropriate to the The sampling method was likely appropriate for the grain size of material being sampled given the purpose of sampling. the material being sampled. Quality of assay The nature, quality and appropriateness of the Full RC assay samples were split into 2 and data and assaying pulverised and homogenised prior to splitting out laboratory tests the assay sample. Two samples were assayed with and laboratory procedures used and whether the 10% repeat assays. An average of the 2 samples is technique is then taken as he result for the 1m interval. Assay considered partial or total. determinations for pegmatite samples (Ta2O5) was via XRF using pressed powders RAB samples retrieved via a cyclone were collected and laid on the ground. Samples were taken for bedrock geochemistry. Assay determinations Li, Cs and Rb was by ICP/Ms Page 9 Criteria JORC Code Explanation Commentary Grab samples from the 2016 pegmatite rock chip sampling were submitted into Intertek Genalysis Perth for analysis: (Cs, Li, Nb, Rb, Se, Sn, Ta) FP6/MS: Sodium peroxide fusion (Nickel crucibles) and Hydrochloric acid to dissolve the melt. Analysed by inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (K) FP6/OE: Sodium peroxide fusion (Nickel crucibles) and Hydrochloric acid to dissolve the melt. Analysed by inductively Coupled Plasma Optical (Atomic) Emission Spectrometry. For geophysical tools, spectrometers, handheld Not applicable XRF instruments, etc., the parameters used in determining the analysis including instrument make and model, reading times, calibrations factors applied and their derivation, etc. Nature of quality control procedures adopted There are no records of the QAQC procedures (e.g. standards, blanks, duplicates, external adopted for the various types of prior drilling laboratory checks) and whether acceptable levels conducted. of accuracy (i.e. lack of bias) and precision have been established. Verification of The verification of significant intersections by No verification exploration work has been sampling and either independent or alternative company undertaken. assaying personnel. The use of twinned holes. No twin holes were drilled Documentation of primary data, data entry The data from the previous drilling are stored in a procedures, data verification, data storage digital database; original geological drill logs are (physical and electronic) protocols. available for verification. No information is available on methods for merging analytical data into the digital database. Discuss any adjustment to assay data. No data has been adjusted Location of data Accuracy and quality of surveys used to locate Drill hole and rock chip sample locations are points drill holes considered approximate though sufficiently accurate given the wide spaced nature of (collar and down-hole surveys), trenches, mine programmes. workings and other locations used in Mineral Resource estimation. The 2016 rock chip samples were located using a handheld Garmin GPS using MGA 94/ Zone 51. Specification of the grid system used. MGA 94 Zone 51 Page 10 Criteria JORC Code Explanation Commentary Quality and adequacy of topographic control. No survey of drill holes appears to have been undertaken Data spacing and Data spacing for reporting of Exploration RAB drill spacing was nominally 400m by 200m, distribution Results. RC drilling was sporadic and localised. Auger drill spacing was nominally 100m x 500.m Whether the data spacing and distribution is Not applicable sufficient to establish the degree of geological and grade continuity appropriate for the Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve estimation procedure(s) and classifications applied. Whether sample compositing has been applied. No samples were composited Orientation of Whether the orientation of sampling achieves The orientation of pegmatites intercepted in drilling data in relation to unbiased sampling of possible structures and is unknown and variable. geological structure the extent to which this is known, considering the deposit type. If the relationship between the drilling There is no apparent bias in any of the drilling orientation and the orientation of key orientations used. mineralised structures is considered to have introduced a sampling bias, this should be assessed and reported if material. Sample security The measures taken to ensure sample security. Not applicable. Audits or reviews The results of any audits or reviews of sampling The historic drill data were not independently techniques and data. audited Section 2 Reporting of Exploration Results Criteria Explanation Commentary Mineral tenement Type, reference name/number, location and Cowan Project area is held under E15/1205, and land tenure ownership including agreements or material E15/1446, and E15/1377 all of which are granted and status issues with third parties such as joint ventures, are subject to an option to purchase the details of partnerships, overriding royalties, native title which are in the body of text. interests, historical sites, wilderness or national park and environmental settings. Yallari Project is held as Exploration Licence applications E15/1401 and E15/1526 both of which have substantial areas the subject to timber reserves. All native title is cleared and there are no other historical or noted environmentally sensitive areas. Page 11 Criteria Explanation Commentary The security of the tenure held at the time of See above, no other known impediments reporting along with any known impediments to obtaining a licence to operate in the area. Exploration done Acknowledgment and appraisal of Previous exploration of relevance undertaken by by other parties exploration by other parties. Company WAMEX Ref. Barrier Exploration NL 1973 A05370 Selcast Exploration Pty Ltd 1974 A05548 Gwalia Minerals NL 1989 A026496 E Dechow & Co Pty Ltd 1993 A038469 Rising Mining Holdings Pty Ltd 2012-13 A096807 Haddington Resources Limited A067510 2002-2008 A069520 A071648 A071649 A073249 A073417 A073418 A074259 A076533 A076988 A079237 A079239 A079379 Geology Deposit type, geological setting and style of The Project area comprises Archaean quartz-biotite mineralisation. metasediments and amphibolites of the Eastern Goldfields Terrane of the Yilgarn Craton. These metasediments trend north-south and have been intruded by large numbers of pegmatites. Two main belts of Lithium Caesium Tantalum type ("LCT") pegmatites are known in the Cowan Project area, LCT type rare-element pegmatites are derived from highly siliceous, peraluminous (S-Type, 'fertile' granites) as highly fractionated granitic melts. These fractionated melts contain the rare elements (Be, Rb, Cs, Sn, Nb, Ta etc) and a high volatile content (H2O, Page 12 Criteria Explanation Commentary F, B, P and Li). Petr ?erný's pegmatite classification (?erný 1982a, 1991) is the accepted standard. The Yallari Project contains the greenstone sequence that hosts the Mt Marion and Londonderry pegmatite fields, numerous pegmatites have been mapped by nickel and base metal explorers however there are no records on the rare element content of the pegmatites. Most of these pegmatites are located very close to their probable granite source and are described in previous exploration reports as common pegmatites. Drill hole A summary of all information material to the Comprehensive reporting of all RAB, RC, auger drill Information understanding of the exploration results holes and prior rock chip samples is not practicable including a tabulation of the following but all data is available under the WAMEX reports information for all Material drill holes: referred to above. • easting and northing of the drill hole collar Location of 2016 Rock Chip Samples (RL • elevation or RL (Reduced Level – information has not been recorded) elevation above sea level in metres) of the drill hole collar Ref East North Tenement • dip and azimuth of the hole P04 333869 6553570 E15/1526 • down hole length and interception P06 340472 6557648 E15/1401 depth P09 340480 6558071 E15/1401 • hole length. P10 417236 6521778 E15/1446 P11 417232 6521792 E15/1446 P13 416680 6522440 E15/1446 P16 416589 6522652 E15/1446 P17 416671 6522580 E15/1446 P18 416217 6522865 E15/1446 P22 416676 6521955 E15/1446 P23 416722 6521903 E15/1446 P24 416733 6521877 E15/1446 P33 417322 6521607 E15/1446 P36 417372 6521508 E15/1446 P37 417377 6521491 E15/1446 P42 416559 6522290 E15/1446 P45 416506 6522404 E15/1446 P49 416413 6522609 E15/1446 If the exclusion of this information is justified No material information was excluded. on the basis that the information is not Material and this exclusion does not detract Page 13 Criteria Explanation Commentary from the understanding of the report, the Competent Person should clearly explain why this is the case. Data aggregation In reporting Exploration Results, weighting Not applicable methods averaging techniques, maximum and/or minimum grade truncations (e.g. cutting of high grades) and cut-off grades are usually Material and should be stated. Where aggregate intercepts incorporate short Not applicable lengths of high grade results and longer lengths of low grade results, the procedure used for such aggregation should be stated and some typical examples of such aggregations should be shown in detail. The assumptions used for any reporting of Not applicable metal equivalent values should be clearly stated. Relationship These relationships are particularly important Most drill holes have been drilled vertically which between in the reporting of Exploration Results. significantly reduced the likelihood of intercepting mineralisation sub-vertical mineralisation. widths and intercept lengths If the geometry of the mineralisation with respect to the drill hole angle is known, its nature should be reported If it is not known and only the down hole Not applicable lengths are reported, there should be a clear statement to this effect (e.g. 'down hole length, true width not known'). Diagrams Appropriate maps and sections (with scales) Figures 3 to 6 show areas of prior exploration and and tabulations of intercepts should be subsequent areas of anomalous mineralisation and included for any significant discovery being other target areas. reported These should include, but not be limited to a plan view of drill hole collar locations and appropriate sectional views. Balanced reporting Where comprehensive reporting of all Only selected significant RAB geochemical drill Exploration Results is not practicable, holes have been tabled however a summary of the representative reporting of both low and high total population of holes has been included and grades and/or widths should be practiced to diagrams included show interpretation of results of avoid misleading reporting of Exploration the entire database. Results. Other substantive Other exploration data, if meaningful and There is no other exploration data which is exploration data material, should be reported including (but not considered material to the results or statements limited to): geological observations; geophysical reported in this announcement. survey results; geochemical survey results; bulk samples – size and method of treatment; metallurgical test results; bulk density, groundwater, geotechnical and rock characteristics; potential deleterious or contaminating substances. Page 14 Criteria Explanation Commentary Further work The nature and scale of planned further work Further work will include drilling to test known (e.g. tests for lateral extensions or depth pegmatites and geochemical anomalies. extensions or large-scale step-out drilling). Diagrams clearly highlighting the areas of The diagrams show areas untested within the broader possible extensions, including the main prospective target belts geological interpretations and future drilling areas, provided this information is not commercially sensitive. 11 July 2016 Sponsor PricewaterhouseCoopers Corporate Finance (Pty) Ltd Page 15 Date: 11/07/2016 09:55:00 Produced by the JSE SENS Department. The SENS service is an information dissemination service administered by the JSE Limited ('JSE'). The JSE does not, whether expressly, tacitly or implicitly, represent, warrant or in any way guarantee the truth, accuracy or completeness of the information published on SENS. The JSE, their officers, employees and agents accept no liability for (or in respect of) any direct, indirect, incidental or consequential loss or damage of any kind or nature, howsoever arising, from the use of SENS or the use of, or reliance on, information disseminated through SENS.
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St. Mary's School is proud to present The Music Man on May 3rd and 4th at 7:30 PM and May 5th at 2:30 PM in St. Mary's School Auditorium, 50 Richland St., Worcester, MA.
General seating tickets are $10.00 and reserved seating tickets are $12.00. Please call 508-753-1170 to order tickets and for more information. All proceeds go directly to supporting St. Mary's Drama Program.

subset: commoncrawl


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quick tips for raising perfectly polite progeny
1 Set age-appropriate rulesA two-year-old may not yet be able to chew with her mouth closed, but a four-year-old certainly should.
2 Set an exampleYou can't expect politeness if you are not polite yourself, so keep saying "please" and "thank you".
3 Explain why good manners matterTalk to her about why others respond better if you are polite and show respect.
4 Give clear instructionsBefore your child's birthday party, explain that she must not shout something like, "I've already got this doll!" when she opens her presents. Tell her to smile, say thank you, and then you can return the toy later.
5 Praise good mannersPraise her when she is polite and if you need to correct a slip in her manners, try to do so in private.
More development tips by Junior:
Five ways to boost water confidenceFive ways to soothe a stressed baby
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Posted: 09/11/2018 at 13:47
© Immediate Media Company Ltd. 2020 This website is owned and published by Immediate Media Company Limited. www.immediate.co.uk
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text:
Carol Birch
You are here:
Carol Birch
Hi all: As you know on Friday I bring you new books and/or guest authors. Today I bring you a book by a well-known writer although I hadn't read any of her books yet. I've read and reviewed this extraordinary book, but it got me thinking, so this is a bit more than 'just' a


text:
tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-15851245759667920172020-06-15T08:39:57.202-07:00☢ The Radioactive Chat ☢JDhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1585124575966792017.post-7799201277142228002011-12-14T18:15:00.000-08:002020-05-09T18:46:58.817-07:00☢ Fukushima China Syndrome Video Arnie Gundersen Nuclear Reactor Melted Through ☢There have been a lot of talks these last days about Fukushima and the fact that TEPCO have made analysis of the reactor units confirming that the Nuclear Fuel have melted the pressure vessel and eroding it's way down into the earth. They can't seem to find the Corium (melted nuclear fuel) because they can't get near the reactors because of the radiation.

Experts have also come out to say that the Fukushima Disaster is the worst Nuclear Disaster in the worlds history and that there was an Nuclear Explosion when Reactor Unit 3 went boom. This is because if it would have been an Hydrogen explosion that happened, then there would not have been the black smoke and mushroom cloud seen on video afterwards. I have done some hydrogen explosions in the kitchen and I can tell you they are loud and hurt your ears, but I never encountered black smoke. I'm not joking, however if for some reason there was some evaporation of concrete or other flammable materials along with the explosion I could understand that there would be some smoke.

I remember how much crap was said early on from idiots here and on other sites. Media downplaying the Disaster (well still is actually) and Japanese Government coming out with all sorts of crap. Highly respected medical doctors assuring people that if they smile radiation wont hurt them and go ahead and eat the contaminated food, visit Japan.. If not you are not supporting us. Bla bla.. Everything is under control, nothing to see here, move along.. And most people fell for it, again like they do, walking into a trap, believing everything they hear.

I do see a change though, the "internet experts" are not getting much headway in their attempts to downplay this anymore because they have been proven wrong so many times already. Now they are pretty much laughed at and put to the wall when they come online. And I would like to put a shout out to all my buddies that stood their ground and still do in these "battles". We actually saved lifes, we made people move away from affected areas, gave our oppinions and prevented people from moving to Japan. And much more!! So keep going!! If you that are reading this remember even doing something simple as posting a link, then my hats off to you. It counts and it still does.

Anyhow I would need to summarize the past days, but due to some blogger problems I have not had the time to do regular updates and stay updated with the news these last days for that matter. So I give you Arnie Gundersen. Arnie talks this time about the probable China Syndrome that is going on at Fukushima Daiichi and how it would happen, even giving us a clip from the 1976 blockbuster movie The China Syndrome.

Here is the video and below I have the transcribed text if you want to read what's said.
And this is the link to the Fairewinds website where Arnie gives us regular updates of the Fukushima Disaster situation: https://fairewinds.com/content/fukushima-could-it-have-china-syndrome

Fukushima - Could it Have a China Syndrome? from Fairewinds Associates on Vimeo.

Arnie Gundersen: Hi, I'm Arnie Gundersen from Fairewinds.

Last week, Tokyo Electric announced that the core inside the nuclear reactor had definitely melted through and had also melted partly through the containment at Fukushima. I wanted to talk about that today because I think that there have been a lot of exaggerations and misunderstandings on the internet about what is actually going on.
So the question I would like to talk about today is, can Fukushima become what is called The China Syndrome? And what exactly does The China Syndrome really mean?

------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Clip of The China Syndrome begins)

(male actor #1) "I don't know. They might have come close to exposing the core.
(male actor #2) "If that is true, then we came very close to The China Syndrome."
(Jane Fonda's Character) "The what?"
(male actor #2) "If the core is exposed, for whatever reason, the fuel heats beyond core heat tolerance in a matter of minutes. Nothing can stop it and it melts right down through the bottom of the plant, theoretically to China. But of course, as soon as it hits ground water, it blasts into the atmosphere and sends out clouds of radioactivity. The number of people killed would depend on which way the wind is blowing, render an area the size of Pennsylvania permanently uninhabitable, not to mention the cancer that would show up later."

--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Arnie Gundersen: The term is really old; it dates back at least until the 60's. And what it means is that the nuclear core melts, and of course it is an American term, so it melted from America toward China through the center of the earth. That is what the term means. It is an over-exaggeration to begin with, but it does mean that the nuclear core leaves the nuclear reactor, leaves the containment, and gets into the earth. That is what a China Syndrome really means. Now I will be using some rather crude demonstration items today. I realize a lot of engineers watch this and just bear with me here. I think these are analogies and they are always a little risky, but I do think they explain what is happening inside Fukushima.

The first phase of the accident was when the nuclear reactor core lost it's cooling. Now you will remember uranium atoms split; 95% of the power comes from uranium atoms splitting. But these pieces that are left over are called fission products, and they retain a lot of heat. When you shut a nuclear reactor down, a process that takes about 2 seconds, 95% of the heat stops immediately, but 5% of the heat cannot be stopped. That, as long as there is extra water flowing, is all you need to keep a nuclear reactor cool. You remember back in April, I did a video where I talked about a nuclear reactor fuel pellet. It was about as big as my pinkie, and the fuel rod is about the diameter of my pinkie, but 12 feet long. In a lot of ways, it is like spaghetti. It is just as flexible as spaghetti, but of course it is 12 feet long. And there are thousands of these nuclear fuel rods inside a nuclear reactor. A nuclear reactor is not anything but a glorified pressure cooker. A pressure cooker cooks at 15 pounds. A nuclear reactor cooks at 1,000 pounds. But essentially they are the same thing: they are designed to hold really hot water and not to leak.

Well, the nuclear fuel is placed into the nuclear reactor, and as long as the water is in there, everything is fine. But like when you overcook spaghetti, what happens? It can form a blob on the bottom of your pressure cooker. That is what happened at Fukushima. The decay products created enough heat to boil off all the water, the nuclear fuel collapsed, the pasta broke, and is now a blob at the bottom of the nuclear reactor. That happened in about 6-8 hours on Fukushima I and perhaps as long as 10 hours on Fukushima II & III.

So the first phase of this accident is called a meltdown. That is when the pasta collapses and lays in the bottom of the pressure cooker. That is when the nuclear fuel melts and lays in the bottom of the nuclear reactor. Phase one is a meltdown.

The second step in the process is something called a melt-through. Now we are at a point where we have got a blob of nuclear fuel at the bottom of the nuclear reactor vessel. TEPCO is saying that the nuclear reactor vessel is about 8 inches thick, about 30 centimeters thick, and that is enough to hold the nuclear fuel for quite a long time. I do not think that part of TEPCO's analysis is right. I have talked about it before, but on a boiling water reactor, there are over 60 holes in the bottom of the reactor for the control rods to go in and out. And the Nuclear Regulatory Commission has already identified that it is likely that the nuclear fuel did not have to melt through the 8 inches of steel, but instead could do an end run around that and shoot out holes at the bottom of the reactor.

So almost like soft ice cream falling out of a dispenser, it is like hot nuclear fuel pouring out of these holes on the bottom of the reactor. That phase is called a melt-through. Probably within a day of the beginning of the Fukushima accident, we were in the phase where nuclear fuel was melting through the nuclear pressure vessel.

Now remember the nuclear reaction has stopped. None of this is heat from the chain reaction and all of it is coming from the nuclear daughter products. After about a day, instead of about 5% of the heat coming from the nuclear daughter products, we are down to less than 1% of the nuclear heat. So now we have got a blob that has left the pressure cooker, and is now lying flat on the floor underneath the nuclear reactor.

There are some assumptions here. If there were a crater on the bottom of the nuclear reactor, the blob would have fallen into that crater and the heat would have been concentrated. That would have allowed this nuclear blob to work it's way down into the nuclear containment faster. And again, that is an assumption. No one really knows what is really going on underneath that nuclear reactor. No one can get within 100 feet of the bottom of that nuclear reactor. And it will be 20 or 30 years before we really find out what that area looks like. But the assumption is that the nuclear fuel lying on the floor, has begun to eat away at the containment. So phase 2 is when it ate through the containment.

Phase 3 is the beginning of what would ultimately become a China Syndrome. At the bottom of the nuclear containment is about 3 feet of concrete and about 2 inches of steel. We are quite certain that the nuclear fuel has left the reactor and is lying on the bottom of the containment. The question is how deep into the concrete it has worked it's way and has it broken through the steel? I do not think it has broken through the steel and I think it is perhaps as much as a foot or two into the 3 feet of concrete. But that does not make a China Syndrome. The reason it is not working it's way down any further, is because the radioactive daughter products are no longer generating anywhere near as much heat as they did on the very first day of the accident. In fact, they are probably generating less than a million watts of power right now. Now that is a lot of heat: a million watts is ten thousand 100 watt light bulbs and you can imagine that that would generate a lot of heat. But compared to what was available on the first day, and the second day, and first week, the amount of decay heat is very small.

In addition, right above all this nuclear melted fuel, is an awful lot of water. The water is at less than 100 degrees Centigrade. It is not boiling. And what that means is that there is an enormous ability for that water to suck the heat out of the nuclear core as it lies on the bottom of the containment. I do not believe that the nuclear core can melt down through the containment and into the water table. There have been all sorts of postulations about violent explosions from this. And again, I do not think that can happen because the amount of heat available (now we are almost 9 months after the accident) is not great enough to create what is called a steam explosion.

So the good news is I do not think a China Syndrome can happen. I do not think this core can keep melting into the bottom of the earth. And I do not think there will be a steam explosion either. That is the good news.

Here is the bad news. That nuclear core is in direct contact with tons of water. And that containment, while not leaking down, is leaking out the sides. That contaminated water is going into every other building on site. And there is literally thousands and thousands of tons of water in other buildings. That water contains radioactive cesium, radioactive strontium, and it also contains nuclear fuel. There will be uranium in that water and plutonium in that water as well. We know for sure that that water is leaking into the ground water and into the Pacific Ocean. So while it is important to know that we are not going to release the nuclear core directly into the center of the earth, the problem is not over. And as a matter of fact, the problem will last for tens, perhaps even as long as 30 years because this contaminated water is in the basements of all the buildings on site. And not only does it contain cesium (that hangs around for 300 years), strontium (hangs around for 300 years), but it also contains plutonium and uranium and they have half lives of tens of thousands of years.

So the problem is, what do we do with all that water that is contaminated? It is already leaking into the groundwater. It is already leaking into the ocean. TEPCO is frantically catching it and putting it into tanks. But just today, TEPCO announced that they are running out of tank space on site, and eventually they are going to have to release those tanks into the Pacific Ocean. Now they will try to clean up some of the isotopes like cesium. But they have been unable to capture all the strontium. Strontium is a bone seeker that causes leukemia.

So we are not out of the woods. We are far from out of the woods. It will be 30 years before we capture all that nuclear fuel that is underneath that reactor vessel. And until then, it will be surrounded with water that is leaking into the groundwater.

I will keep you informed as situation develops.
Thank you.JDhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1585124575966792017.post-89671933130442270132011-11-14T14:12:00.000-08:002020-05-09T18:40:15.685-07:00☢ Fukushima Plutonium Enormous Amount In All Three Reactors Gundersen Interview ☢Dr. Caldicott from If You Love This Planet - A weekly radio program once again chats with Arnold Gundersen, a nuclear energy consultant with Fairewinds Associates, about the ongoing situation at the damaged Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japan.

The direct link to the MP3 (54 MB) Download and listen to the radio program aired Friday, November 11th, 2011 https://ifyoulovethisplanet.org/audio/IYLTP%20-%20Ep%20157.mp3

Dr. Caldicott interview with Arnold Gundersen about the Fukushima nuclear power plant in Japa Fukushima , November 11th, 2011 MP3

This is a short video made from that radio program.

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Transcribed audio 29:00 min in to the radio program.

Gundersen: All of these reactors, 1, 2 and 3 had been running for four and a half years. So they had enormous amount of plutonium. MOX stands for mixed oxide or fuel that's got plutonium in it. So all 4.. all 3 reactors that were running had an enormous amount of plutonium in them because thats what Uranium 238 becomes when it sits in an nuclear reactor for a long period of time.

JDhttp://firstname.lastname@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1585124575966792017.post-27033383695156308692011-09-29T11:52:00.000-07:002020-05-10T12:59:10.469-07:00☢ Christopher Busby Radioactive Genocide Japan Taking Action Save Children ☢Christopher Busby talks to us from Stockholm, Sweden. We get to hear about what he thinks is the sinister and horrifying reason behind why the Japanese are now trucking and burning radioactive materials from Fukushima all over Japan even in the south. He talks about what we can do for the children and what is being done to help them. And also how he has been working on making supplements to block the absorption of the Cesium and the absorption of the Strontium 90 and the Plutonium, Uranium.

I have transcribed the whole 10 min video for you.

The Fukushima Catastrophe is probably the worst nuclear disaster in human history, and certainly worse than Chernobyl. The contamination from Fukushima has gone as far south as Tokyo I have measured it personally in air filters from cars. At least 12 different air filters from cars were sent to me, and some of them from the south of Tokyo and many of them 100 km away from Fukushima and they contain very large amounts of radioactivity in them. High levels Cesium 134 and 137. So we can conclude without any doubt that that area up to 200 km maybe more, away from the catastrophe site has been seriously contaminated with radionuclides. Now if the cars are breathing this material and so are the people and so are the children. And so the children will be contaminated with radioactivity, we have recently heard that the Japanese government have been doing whole body counting. That is to say they have been putting some people inside a monitor to see how much Cesium is inside them. And apparently the levels of Cesium are sufficient for them to say that there is no problem, that there not going to be any increases in ill health. At the same time we hear, I hear reports from Japan from mothers of children who say that they are showing all the signs of contamination with Cesium that were also found by my colleague Professor Yuri Bandazhevsky after Chernobyl in the areas of Belarus that were contaminated similarly with this substance Cesium 137.

Now what it did there was that it went into the hearth muscle and it caused conduction difficulties and destroyed hearth muscles so the children in Belarus was suffering hearth attacks and arrhythmias, that's when the hearth doesn't beat properly. And of course later on in life they die young from hearth disease because the hearth cells don't replicate themselves, the heart cells you get all of you're hearth cells all at once, you get maybe 1% increase in heart cells per year but over the period of time we are talking about there is going to be no replacement for the cells that were damaged by the Fukushima catastrophe in the children. So we have two different points of view here, we have the point of view of the Japanese government who are ignoring it, who are making these superficial measurements of Cesium in the whole bodies of the children and the people, and they are saying that these concentrations are not sufficient to cause any problems, well of course this is an argument that's going on and on. It's like a tennis match, it goes backwards and forwards you know the independent scientists say that there is a problem and the government and the nuclear scientists say it's no problem.

Of course the real problem is that we have to do something about it, I mean I am a father, I have 7 children I have 11 grandchildren and I cant sit back and just let this go on with us in some sort of silly tennis match, between us and the pro-nuclear scientists who are trying to save the industry from collapse. And all the time the children are getting more and more sick and they are building up this level of radioactive damage which will result in them getting sick and dieing with cancer, hearth disease, a whole range of illnesses that were all discovered after Chernobyl. And it's not as if this is something new, we know what is going to happen, we absolutely know what is going to happen, we have looked very closely at the health effects of the people who where exposed to these same radionuclides after the Chernobyl accident in the same quantities. Not as many people I have to say which is why Fukushima is a worse disaster.

So I decided we have to do something an I have contacted, I was contacted by some people in Japan, who said what can we do. So instead of just moaning about it we decided to do something, now there are actually something we can do. The first thing that we can do is we can actually measure the radionuclides ourselves because frankly we do not believe what the Japanese government are coming out with, we don't think that they are right. I mean I have measured more radioactivity in a car air filter than they are measuring in a child and the car breaths air in the same way as a child breaths air so I don't really believe what they are saying. That's the first point. So we need to have independent testing. And secondly we need to try and do something about these children who are being contaminated, there are two things that we can do.

The first thing is we can take them away from the areas of contamination and put them somewhere where there is reasonable safe, but that leads us to another problem because what's happening now what I have been told is that the Japanese government are trucking radioactive material from the Fukushima disaster area where it is contaminated all over Japan. And even as far south as the south of Japan, we are now getting reports of radioactivity, radioactive material taking all the way to the south of Japan to be burnt. Now what possible reason could there be for burning it as far away as that. I tell you the reason, it's really quite sinister and horrifying, there reason is this. That eventually when these children start die from Leukemia from other cancer from hearth disease from whatever, their parents are going to want to go to court. They are going to want to sue the Japanese government and they are going to want to have to say that in order to do that these, in order to do that these children were contaminated and that's why they got high levels of cancer. But of course the only way that they can say that they got high levels of cancer is to have a control group in an area that's not contaminated, for example the south of Japan. So I believe that the project to take this material and to burn it all over Japan is to destroy all of Japan, this to increase the cancer rate in the whole of Japan in so that there will be no control group to which that you can compare these children in the Fukushima area. So that's that point. So we want to take the children away anyway into some safe area that's what we want to do.

But the second thing that we can do and this is also quite important is that we can try and block the material we can try and block the absorption of the Cesium and the absorption of the Strontium 90 and the Plutonium and the other substances that are not being measured incidentally. We have to wait a minute now because there is a train passing. I'm sitting on a children's playground here in Sweden this is in Stockholm, and I decided to talk to you from here from Stockholm where there is a significant amount of radioactivity as well I have to say in the Baltic Sea I measured this myself but that's another question.

So the second thing that we can do is to try and block the ingress of the radioactivity into the child's body, now we know that we can do this with Iodine because Iodine goes to they Thyroid gland, we give them stable Iodine at least we are supposed to, it turns out that the Japanese government didn't, and then it stops the bad Iodine the radioactive Iodine from binding to the same sites. And you can do the same thing with the other radionuclides, for Uranium and Plutonium and Strontium 90 which are the most serious and all of which they are not measuring incidentally and non of which can be measured with a whole body counter because they are Alpha emitters and not Beta emitters. We can block that attachment to the DNA by giving large amounts of Calcium and Magnesium, which binds to the DNA and keeps the Strontium and the Uranium of the DNA.

So that's one thing that these children can do, they can take a tablet every day of stable Calcium and so we are going to produce tablets which contain stable Calcium which we will supply cheaply at the cost of production to parents of these children so that they can take these tablets and block the ingress of these substances. And we are also working on another tablet, which will block the ingress of Cesium 137. Now in order to do this we have set up an organization in Japan called the Christopher Busby Foundation for the Children of Fukushima and it has a website and it's all in Japanese and it's all been done by a colleague of mine who contacted me from Japan called James Grand. In addition to this we are going to purchase a large number of highly sophisticated radiation measuring devices from Europe from suppliers in Europe and suppliers in the Ukraine and we are going to make these devices available to the parents and children to measure the concentration of these substances in the food and also to supermarkets and we will measure the substances ourselves. We will set up a laboratory in Japan so that the people can bring these substances to the laboratory and find out the truth about the concentration of radionuclides in these substances. So these are the things that we want to do and we want you to help us in any that you can. This is an operation to save the children of Fukushima because we do not believe that the Japanese government is doing anything to save the children of Fukushima, they are operating on a principle, which is of the principle of saving not the children of Fukushima but the international nuclear industry, and this is disgraceful. Thank you for listening.JDhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1585124575966792017.post-3127788585571584542011-09-16T09:54:00.000-07:002020-05-10T12:55:46.940-07:00☢ Tons of Weapons-Grade Plutonium and Uranium Missing Shipped Overseas ☢U.S. Can't Track Tons of Weapons-Grade Uranium, Plutonium

By Noah Shachtman September 16, 2011 | 6:30 am |

President Obama has repeatedly said his top counterterrorism goal is to prevent terrorists from acquiring the building blocks to make nuclear or "dirty" bombs. In April of 2009, Obama announced a new international effort to "secure all vulnerable nuclear material around the world within four years." Since then, the Department of Energy has dispatched scientists around the globe to collect hundreds of pounds of the stuff.

But according to a report from the Government Accountability Office (GAO), issued late last Friday afternoon to little fanfare, thousands of pounds of highly-enriched uranium and separated plutonium remain. American officials may never get a chance to ensure its security.

That's because the U.S. can't track or fully account for 5,900 pounds of "weapons usable" nuclear material that it once shipped overseas. Instead, U.S. officials have to rely on foreign governments' assurances that the potentially cataclysmic stuff is safe. And when those officials occasionally visit the sites holding the nuclear material, nearly half the places "did not meet International Atomic Energy Agency security guidelines," according to the GAO, Congress' investigative arm.

"It's amazing how completely cavalier the Department of Energy has been at tracking this. They've got nobody who worries about this on a day-to-day basis," says Jeffrey Lewis, a nuclear weapons analyst at the Monterey Institute of International Studies (and occasional contributor to this blog).

The Energy Department, not surprisingly, has a different perspective. Foreign governments have pledged to report on the security of the their fissile material. There are international inspectors to keep those governments honest. And the GAO hasn't reported that any uranium or plutonium has gone missing — just that certain guidelines may not have been yet.

"Between the International Atomic Energy Agency inspections and the reporting requirements, we think those safeguards are effective and internationally sanctioned," Josh McConaha, a spokesman for the Energy Department's National Nuclear Security Administration, tells Danger Room.

Starting in the Eisenhower administration, the U.S. sold 17,500 kilograms, or 38,5000 pounds, of fissile material overseas, mostly to help with civilian nuclear energy programs. Those sales came with conditions, however: countries had to keep the dangerous material safe; they couldn't use it for weapons; and the U.S. had the option of taking back the radioactive stuff — someday, somehow.

But 12,400 of those 17,500 kilograms can't be returned. It's mostly in the hands — and reactors — of close allies like Germany, France, and Japan. 1,160 kilograms have been accounted for, and another 1,240 kg have been secured by the Energy Department's "Global Threat Reduction Initiative," an effort to covert nuclear power facilities from highly-enriched to low-enriched uranium, which is far less dangerous.

Still, don't assume that just because the nuke material is at our friends' houses means it is completely secure. One source familiar with the report's development says, "If this was in some former Soviet republic, we'd be there in a heartbeat." Some of America's closest allies may be the ones with the poorest nuclear security precautions.

And there's just one other problem. Subtracting all the nuke material that's been accounted for and secured still leaves 2,700 kg — nearly three tons — outstanding. And that's enough material to make dozens of nuclear weapons.

Where that uranium and plutonium is located — or, where it's supposed to be located — the GAO report doesn't say. That information was considered too sensitive to disclose in a public document, and was instead laid out in a classified report sent to Congress over the summer. But it's worth noting that the U.S. currently has 27 so-called "Nuclear Cooperation Agreements" with 27 countries, from China to Ukraine to Colombia. America previously had similar deals with 11 other countries — including Israel, Pakistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, and Iran.

"Theoretically, we know [where the nuclear material is kept]. But we don't have a good accounting of where it all is. We're relying on them. We're not, to coin a phrase, trusting but verifying," the source says.

Occasionally, American inspectors will travel to these sites, to make sure these sites have the proper fences and surveillance gear needed to keep their nuclear material safe. The track record wasn't particularly encouraging. Of those 55 visits conducted between 1994 and 2010, "physical protection teams found the sites met IAEA [International Atomic Energy Agency] security guidelines on 27 visits, did not meet IAEA security guidelines on 21 visits, and the results of 7 visits are unknown because the physical protection team was unable to assess the sites, or agency documentation was missing," the report notes.

Partially, this alarming GAO report is an outgrowth of shifting standards. The U.S. is demanding more security and more accountability, to cope with a world in which terrorists have nuclear ambitions — and 20 major atomic smugglers has been caught in the last two decades. Many countries haven't caught up with those changes.

"The old way of doing business was: You bought it. We have some rights, but it's fundamentally not our problem," Lewis says. "Now, things are different."

Story from Wired: https://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2011/09/uranium-mia/

JDhttp://email@example.com:blogger.com,1999:blog-1585124575966792017.post-71235819619944502162011-09-14T19:09:00.000-07:002020-05-10T12:55:27.407-07:00☢ MP3 Fukushima Report with Jeff Rense and Yoichi Shimatsu Hong Kong 12 Sep 2011 ☢Related:
☢ MP3 Fukushima and Secret Japan Nukes Program - Loss of Ozone Jeff Rense and Yoichi Shimatsu 3 Oct 2011 ☢
Earlier Audio
☢ MP3 Inside Info Fukushima Disaster Yoichi Shimatsu Talks To Jeff Rense Aug 29 and Sep 05 2011 ☢

Download the newest September 12, 2011 Fukushima Report with Jeff Rense from rense.com and Yoichi Shimatsu.

Download MP3 Jeff Rense - 09-12-11 - HR3 - From Hong Kong - Yoichi Shimatsu - Fukushima Report
The MP3 is mirrored - Can also be found at Jeff Rense Site

Transcribed Audio first minutes (Note I had trouble making out some words):

Jeff Rense: OK welcome back lets go to Hong Kong and say hello to Yoichi Shimatsu here once again each week the bring us the latest. Congratulations on you're wonderful essay about the real goings on in Japan. That was quite a piece.

Yoichi Shimatsu: Well yeah I'm, we finally got the first scientific information in that we have been looking for, the ratio of the radioactive isotope. That would be related to very high concentration of nuclear fuel, unless the nuclear weapons technology worker civilian fuel rod. And this came in a lab report from the University of California, Berkeley Engineering lab. Which tested some soil sample from northern California found a massive portion of the amount of Caesium 137 vs 134 which would normally be on a 1:1 ratio equal ratio. But they found concentration from Sacramento 17 times higher indicating, you know this is nuclear weapons grade fuel, that been basically drifting over the Pacifc to northern California.

Jeff Rense: Well it's like a nuclear war, nuclear fallout. Yeah.

Yoichi Shimatsu: It's nuclear fallout basically yeah, this is lets say. This have not fallen over California since atmospheric nuclear testing ended by the very late 1960s all around the world and in Nevada by 1962. So we are seeing weapons grade material drifting over California and coming down. Now this report have some inconsistencies, the science part were fine but I think that some of the other stuff surrounding the science were very weak in that report for example on rainfall. I was just now looking at the rainfall record from this year, it's been a very rainy year 2011. 2011 have been a very rainy year in Northern California. And rainfall coincidently fell right after the March 15 explosion at Fukushima. Rain fell over California that very week. And after that main event that I had described earlier which on you're program which a lot of people got radiation burns including myself because there were secretly night time releases from the number 3 reactor which is a MOX fuel reactor. Apparently there were very unusually large amount of rain in may, early may. In Northern California also.

Jeff Rense: Yoichi? Excuse me, did you say number 2 was a MOX reactor?

Yoichi Shimatsu: No Number 3, yeah. So number 3 there was secret releases there and as you remember it was open on may 8 Japan time. And there was large drift of radiation from there all across Canada, the Pacific North West and all along California. All along the California seaboard there all the way down to San Diego and even Northern Mexico. You know LA got hammered. And there was raining right after that you know in California in the week after. So this would explain the presence of this high level Cesium 137. Present in cow manure and cow manure actually is a very good placed receptacle for rain. Because it is very absorbent, it will be dry and it will absorb water. And as all the nuclear engineers know that we need very good, sample. You need a very high concentration of radiation to get a accurate reading. So they got a accurate reading from cow manure, higher that something like 17:1. That would be a 1700% over the normal ratio of Cesium 137. And 134. And it's just been a report from Japan also that, very creditable report on the sea. On the present in sea water of 15000 Tera Becquerels in sea water off Fukushima coast and the main form Cesium that these people detecting, scientist were detecting was Cesium 137. Again a very enriched Uranium or Plutonium of weapons grade.

Jeff Rense: Did you say 15000 Tera Bequarels?

Yoichi Shimatsu: Yeah that's in the sea water. This is just a small percentage. This is 3 times the governments estimate because they said that well a lot of it came from the airborne contamination. They are estimating the total contamination. You know when we say 15000 Tera Becquerels we are talking the in the quadrillion range. You know this, there are a lot of zeros in other words. I am very leery to use these numbers cause you know you can be off by a factor of 10000 very easily. A number like 10000 doesn't sound like it could get lost in these kind of numbers. But they were estimating something like 400000 Tera Becquerels all together out of the plant, coming out of the plant.

Jeff Rense: That's amazing, you know what's interesting.

Yoichi Shimatsu: So these are nuclear scientists in Japan that are giving these estimates 3 times higher than the governments giving. And then they say they had detected a lot of Cesium 137 you know. And then the University of California Berkley said you know this stuff is from atomic weapons, nuclear weapons so. Well something's been going on at Fukushima not on the up and up which explains this huge coverup right from the start. The kind of confused reaction from the government and TEPCO. The kind of harassment that people have been getting when we visit you know to contact and to not to talk. Not to talk to people from outside and I am coming from outside the country. A lot of people have been discourage from talking with me. Broken equipment, you know imported dosimeters coming in damaged. 1000s of them millions and millions of losses to the public who needed them for their own safety. And somehow they clear customs and their suddenly malfunctioning. Were the ones that people are buying in the States and Europe are saying they are working just fine over here. How come when they enter Japan they are not working. So obviously this does not correspond to a civilian disaster. This corresponds to some sort of very secret, top secret in fact nuclear weapons research. Which people did mention before you know the events in March 11th. You know at Fukushima. That earlier, a month earlier people were talking about secret nuclear weapons testing conducted in North West Japan. This was widely discussed in blogs in South Korea and in China. I think the governments there must had picked something up. They can detect very, very small tests by the disturbances in GPS signals. The neutrons come out of the ground and they sort of bend GPS signals so it's very easy for I think foreign governments to pick up these sort of tests so. Well something not on the up and up that's going that we have been expecting all along and then the scientific proof that have come in from UC…

JDhttp://firstname.lastname@example.com


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Aside from all things beauty, another one of my loves is candles. I always have candles burning and am constantly seeking out new brands and scents. I love finding new candle brands and was really excited a few months ago when I discovered a Yankee Candles stand at my local shopping centre. They have some beautiful scents that I haven't been able to find in other brands.
I've been burning their melts and have to say they are the best melts I've ever used. Other melts are only good for one or two uses, but the Yankee Candle melts last me for weeks. I have them on all day (in an electric oil burner) for at least seven days before the scent fades. The scent is really strong too, enough to make my whole house smell nice.
Some of my favourite scents are Fluffy Towels, Clean Cotton, Lavender Vanilla, Stress Relief and Creamy Caramel. I've been looking for a Lavender Vanilla scented candle for years so was really excited when I found this one. For those of you who remember the Origins Lavender Vanilla scented body products, this smells exactly the same.
We use the Macintosh Spice Yankee Candle air freshener in our car. They cost $7.99 or you can get three for $15.00. Ours last for around three months before they need to be replaced.
Yankee Candles melts cost $3.99, the tea light candles cost $4.95, the small jars cost $19.99 and the large jars cost $49.50.
Two of my newest candles are from the Dusk Temptations range. They have some amazing scents, I had trouble choosing just two. I purchased Grandma's Spice Cookie and Liquorice Heaven.
Licorice sounds like a strange choice for a candle but it smells lovely. (As a side note, licorice lip balms are amazing too!)
These cost $15 each or two for $25 and have a thirty hour burn time.
My other favourite candles are by Glasshouse. They have an amazing range of scents and the smell is beautiful, enough to scent my whole house. We used the limited edition Leura candles as our wedding candles.
The large jars cost $36.95 and have a burn time of eighty to one hundred hours.
Yankee Candles Fluffy Towels, Clean Cotton and Ocean Blossom were sent to me for consideration. All other products I purchased myself.


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The Minnamurra Hall - Facility Hire
The Minnamurra Hall is a multi-functional community hall. It has a flat timber floor and a stage making it suitable for theatrical touring productions, concerts, seminars, exhibitions, dances and low impact sport, e.g. gymnatisics. The hall is relatively inexpensive to hire and there is ample parking available in the school car parks.
There are a number of staging alternatives in this warm aesthetically pleasing environment. First, the hall is a fully equiped theatre hosting a proscenium arch stage with a capacity to seat 700. Alternatively, the hall can be converted into a more intimate theatre space with a seating capacity of 200. As well, the hall can be used as a large open space.
St Philip's College welcomes the use of The Minnamurra Hall and every effort will be made to accommodate user requests. Generally the hall will be available after 4pm Monday to Friday on school days, and for longer periods at weekends and during school holidays. Use of the hall during school hours is open to negotiation.
The types of functions and events to be staged in the hall by any group must be consistent with the nature of a Uniting Church School, i.e., inoffensive to young adults such as those resident at the College.
For further information about the hall and if you would like to receive a Hiring Details Booklet please call -
(08) 8950 4534. (Conditions Apply)


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Select the semester and course offering above to get information from the correct course syllabus and course offering.
The course consists partly of a seminar section, partly of a project. The seminar section treats different questions associated with a land development from theoretical starting points and gives the opportunity to reflect upon the theoretical points of departure as well as elaborate on the course material. In the project, the knowledge is applied. In addition, a study visit is made to illustrate the implementation of development projects practically.
The seminar sectionwill provide knowledge about what land development is, the actors involved, the activities that are normally included, and how the different regulatory systems can be used. It also describes how the coordination of these actors, activities and regulations vary depending on the development situation.
The project deals with analyzing a development project with regard to technical, environmental and economic preconditions. This analysis should be set against legislation on detailed planning, land acquisition and compensation, responsibility for building, administration and financing of infrastructure in the built-up area.
The general aim of the course is to give the student knowledge and understanding of the complicated process- land development- as it implies to carry out a construction project from idea to completed product. This process includes problems that concern planning of the land use, land acquisition, environmental considerations, building physics, design and responsibility for various types of infrastructure, economics etc. A project involves also many actors with different assignments and driving forces- the municipality, the state, developers, neighbours, the public et al. As an underlying framework, there is also a legal system that governs the process in various ways.
This means that students after completing the course are expected to be able to:
No information inserted
Completed courses:
for TFAFK:
AI1520 Planning, Building and Environmental Law in Property Development, and
AI1519 Land Law
for CSAMH:
AI1525 Legal Framework of the Built Environment, and
AI1518 Real Estate Development Legislation
No information inserted
No information inserted
Kalbro, T. & Lindgren, E. Markexploatering (Norstedts Juridik), the latest edition.
Additional course litterature to be announced when the course starts.
If the course is discontinued, students may request to be examined during the following two academic years.
Based on recommendation from KTH's coordinator for disabilities, the examiner will decide how to adapt an examination for students with documented disability.
The examiner may apply another examination format when re-examining individual students.
No information inserted
No information inserted
Further information about the course can be found on the Course web at the link below. Information on the Course web will later be moved to this site.Course web AI1524
First cycle
No information inserted


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About Us
Klein Equipment is a certified dealer for fire truck parts and an authorized service center for Darley and FoamPro and is ASE, EVT, and CA Fire Mechanics certified. In addition we are factory trained by Darley, FoamPro, Waterous, and Caterpillar.
We are also a certified California Small Business and can offer very competitive prices. Our company specializes in repairs, annual inspections, pump tests and much more for the US Forest Service, Cal-Fire, and local fire departments and companies. In addition to supplying parts for fire apparatus, we sell portable fire pumps, hose, nozzles, Nomex, and many other items that may be of interest.


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Chris, Chief Technology Officer of Jarvus Innovations, has more than 15 years of experience with system architecture, app development, and systems administration. Over the past 7 years, he has built more than 30 projects using Sencha's Ext JS and Touch frameworks, for clients such as Time Warner Cable. In 2012, he organized and founded Code for Philly, a local volunteer chapter of the national nonprofit Code for America, and still serves as co-captain.
I'm a software developer forged by Free and Open-Source Software (FOSS) and a founding captain of one of the longest-running Code For America brigades. My civic hacking journey began while working in a Philly public school and for nearly a decade now I've gotten to build open-source software with some of the most innovative public schools in the world.
Chris started his technology career as a Computer Support Specialist apprentice in the Urban Technology Project's IT Registered Apprenticeship program, a collaborative initiative between the School District of Philadelphia and Communities In Schools of Philadelphia. In this program, Chris worked at School District of Philadelphia schools under the guidance of Technology Teacher Leaders to provide on-demand break/fix support to school teachers, administrators, and other staff. In addition, Chris taught and mentored local middle and high school students on computer hardware components, software installation, troubleshooting skills, and various software applications. To this day, Chris utilizes and builds on the knowledge and skills learned during his apprenticeship.


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ORDER your Nigerian food ingredients online today – UK only.
Nigerian Egg Stew
A Nigerian favourite that can be had as breakfast with toast bread or dinner with yam.
Servings: 2 people
- 2 pieces egg
- 1 canned plum tomatoes
- 1 cooking spoon vegetable oil
- 1 piece red onion sliced
- 1 pieces stock cube maggi or knorr
- 750 ml water
- 1/2 pieces yam tuber Peeled and diced to chucks
Egg Stew
- In a medium sized pan, pour the vegetable oil and wait until hot.
- Add the onion and stir until fragrant and slightly brown.
- Add the tomatoes from the tin and stir, then leave for 5 minutes to simmer.
- Whilst waiting for the tomatoes, mix the eggs separately in the bowl.
- Pour the mixed egg into the pan slowly in a circular motion and wait for 3 minutes until eggs are slightly thickened then stir to achieve scrambled look.
Yam (serve with Stew)
- Add yam chunks into a pan of 500ml of boiling water and cook for 20 minutes until tender.
- Serve cooked yam with the egg stew. Enjoy!
Get your Nigerian ingredients from our online store: https://www.ethnicmixx.com/products delivered to your door - next day delivery on all items - see FAQ for more information on delivery times. Need any help? Get in touch through our Live chat or Contact us page.
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See more how to cook Nigerian meat pie content from the web:
Credits: Simply Natural


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We let our quality work and customers speak for us.
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Our seasoned and professional installers will quickly and affordably install new fiberglass shingles on your home or business.
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In direct sun exposure at noon on an 89 degree day, the surface temperature on the underside of a roof in the attic was almost 91 degrees, just a 2 degree difference from outside air temperature. Before the new roof, the temperature was 120 degrees.
Ask about the Energy Saver roof option. A special radiant and thermo barrier is placed between your roof deck and the new roof. This heat barrier, in combination with your new roof, can reduce your attic airspace temperature by 30%. Imagine the savings by having 30% less heat forcing its way into your air conditioned house.


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Sepsis is also known as septicemia. It is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body injures its own tissues and organs when exposed to an infection. It is always best to be on your guard and to know what the symptoms of sepsis are.
Symptoms Of Sepsis
The general symptoms of sepsis are:
- Body temperature will be above 101F
- Heart beats 90 times per minute
- More than 20 breaths per minute
Symptoms of Severe Sepsis:
- Difficulty in breathing
- Pain in the abdomen
- Platelet count decreases
- Mental status of an adult undergoes abrupt change
- Decrease in Urination
- Pumping of the heart becomes abnormal
There is also a condition known as septic shock which is a combination of severe sepsis and also a very low blood pressure.
Although there might be many reasons as to why sepsis might occur, the following play an important role, being the major causes of all
- Infection in the blood stream, also known as bacteremia
- Infection in the abdomen
- Kidney infection
- Frequent occurrence of pneumonia
Also Read:OCD AWARENESS
Why Does Sepsis Occur
The above conditions are caused mainly due to the factors given below
1. Older Population
We all know that our immune system keeps degrading as our age decreases. This makes older people more prone to sepsis than the younger generation. Especially people above the age of 65.
2. Bacteria
Sometimes, our bodies are composed of certain bacteria that restrict antibiotics working on our body. As a result, there is no method by which we can stop the disease from spreading. This happens to be the most common root cause.
3. Weak Immunity
Finally, it is often observed that people who are affected by HIV or people who have had cancer treatments or have had transplantation, have reported weaker immune systems. Like we have mentioned above, a weaker immune system would mean higher probability of the infection occurring.
Risk Factors
Apart from the symptoms of sepsis, there are a lot of risk factors involved. Sepsis is more common and more dangerous if you:
- Have a weak immune system
- Use devices such as intravenous catheters or breathing tubes
- Are ill
- Are very young or old
- Have severe injuries such as burns
Note: There's a high chance that you might get in contact with sepsis if you're too young. This is because, your immune system is not yet fully developed at such young ages. This makes it easier for you to get in contact with this condition.
There are a lot of complications involved with Sepsis, especially the ones that concern blood flow. For example, sepsis could destroy the flow of blood to your brain, heart and kidneys. It also causes blood clots in organs such as our arms, legs, fingers and toes. This could eventually result in the failure of every part of the body, one by one, ultimately leading to death.
I have personally experienced the silent wrath of sepsis in my life in the form of my grandfather's death two years ago. Just when we all thought his health was perfect; he suddenly had an organ failure, after which he passed away. I could thus strongly say that sepsis is indeed is a silent killer, if not identified at the right time or not taken proper care of.
It is always better to consult a doctor, if in case you doubt that you might be experiencing any symptoms of sepsis.
Reasons why a blood test is performed:
- Problems with clotting of blood
- Decrease in the levels of oxygen
- Abnormal functioning of liver and kidney
- Infection
- Levels of acidity in your blood.
Your doctor may also request you to go through the following tests:
- Urine test: To check for the bacteria in your urine
- Wound secretion test: To check for any open wound infection.
- Mucus secretion test: for the identification of the bacteria responsible for an infection
Finally, the doctor might even perform thee tests mentioned below, if they are finding it difficult to diagnose the situation:
- X-rays to view the lungs
- CT scans (Computed Tomography) to view all the possible infections in your appendix, pancreas or the bowel area
- Ultrasounds for detection of infection in your gallbladder or ovaries
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) to identify soft tissue infections
Also Read:Lung Cancer Awareness
The following medicines have proven to be successful in treating sepsis from the past many years:
- Blood sugar stabilizing insulin
- Painkillers
- Inflammation reducing corticosteroids
- Blood pressure increasing vasoactive medications
- Infection fighting antibiotics via IV
Take a look at this message from a mother who lost her little one because of Sepsis:


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Boulevard pointJuly 10, 2019
Emaar launched Boulevard Point, a 63-story tower located in Downtown Dubai, in 2014. The high-end luxury tower features 297 residences of one, two, and three-bedrooms.
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