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One of my projects over the upcoming semester is to explore the Linux boot process and the job of the init (initialization) system. The init system is considered PID 1 and is responsible for a significant portion of userspace functionality. Common init systems on Linux are OpenRC and systemd. One of the key parts of an init system is to spawn new processes, like in command shell.
Executing child processes may be useful to any number of programs, but common applications include:
- Shells
- Init systems
- Launchers
- Interfacing with command line applications
Using libc
If you are familiar with C/C++, or other languages, you may have used one of the following functions:
int execl(const char *path, const char *arg, ...); int execlp(const char *file, const char *arg, ...); int execle(const char *path, const char *arg , ..., char * const envp[]); int execv(const char *path, char *const argv[]); int execvp(const char *file, char *const argv[]);
Each of these functions provide some variant of process spawning. Most of these are still available in Rust if you so desire. They can be accessed in
libc. Note these are unsafe C bindings.
pub unsafe fn execv(prog: *const c_char, argv: *mut *const c_char) -> c_int pub unsafe fn execve(prog: *const c_char, argv: *mut *const c_char, envp: *mut *const c_char) -> c_int pub unsafe fn execvp(c: *const c_char, argv: *mut *const c_char) -> c_int
unsafe access is exactly what it says on the box, unsafe. We'll be forced to use C constructs directly and manipulate raw pointers, this is not an ideal scenario. In order to properly use this code we'd need to construct safe wrappers. But surely there is a better way?
Using std::io::process
std::io::process module provides robust facilities for spawning child processes. In particular
Command allows us to build and spawn processes easily.
std::io::process::Command, aliased as
std::io::Command, is a type that acts as a process builder. The
Command::new() command sets up several sane defaults for the program for you.
fn new<T: ToCStr>(program: T) -> Command
The various builder functions allow for customization over the defaults, which are:
- No arguments to the program
- Inherit the current process's environment
- Inherit the current process's working directory
- A readable pipe for stdin (file descriptor 0)
- A writeable pipe for stdout and stderr (file descriptors 1 and 2)
In and Out
In a simple example, lets collect the output of
ps aux:
use std::io::Command; fn main() { // Spawn a process, wait for it to finish, and collect it's output let the_output = Command::new("ps").arg("aux").output() .ok().expect("Failed to execute."); // Encode the resulting data. let encoded = String::from_utf8_lossy(the_output.output.as_slice()); print!("{}", encoded); }
It should be noted that this is a blocking call, meaning the current task will halt until the completion of the process. This is acceptable for simple calls to the underlying operating system.
.output() will handle all the tasks related to piping and spawning for you.
If you're dealing with multiple arguments, you can pass a slice, like so:
let the_output = Command::new("ps").args(["a", "u", "x"]).output() .ok().expect("Failed to execute.");
Spawning and managing the Children
Waiting for the command to completely return is kind of lame. What would be better some way to keep track of the process and communicate with it.
fn spawn(&self) -> IoResult<Process>
Process type returned by
.spawn() does just this.
use std::io::Command; fn main() { // Spawn a process. Do not wait for it to return. // Process should be mutable if we want to signal it later. let mut the_process = Command::new("curl") .arg("http://www.hoverbear.org") .spawn().ok().expect("Failed to execute."); // Do things with `the_process` }
We can get the PID of the child:
// Get the PID of the process. println!("The PID is: {}", the_process.id());
Or signal the process:
// Signal the process. // 0 is interpreted as a poll check. match the_process.signal(0) { Ok(_) => println!("Process still alive!"), Err(_) => println!("Process dead.") }
.signal_exit() and
.signal_kill() are also available.
Wait for the process before returning, receiving it's status:
// Wait for the process to exit. match the_process.wait() { Ok(status) => println!("Finished, status of {}", status), Err(e) => println!("Failed, error: {}", e) }
Gotcha: Some processes will not exit until you drain their STDOUT.
Retrieve STDOUT, interacting with it like any Reader:
// Get a Pipestream, which implements the Reader trait. let the_stdout_stream = the_process.stdout.as_mut() .expect("Couldn't get mutable Pipestream."); // Drain it into a &mut [u8]. let the_stdout = the_stdout_stream.read_to_end() .expect("Couldn't read from Pipestream.");
Pipe into STDIN, also, wait for output and exit:
use std::io::Command; fn main() { let mut the_process = Command::new("grep").arg("foo") .spawn().ok().expect("Failed to execute."); // Get a Pipestream which implements the writer trait. // Scope, to ensure the borrow ends. let _ = { let the_stdin_stream = the_process.stdin.as_mut() .expect("Couldn't get mutable Pipestream."); // Write to it in binary. the_stdin_stream.write_int(123456) .ok().expect("Couldn't write to stream."); the_stdin_stream.write(b"Foo this, foo that!") .ok().expect("Couldn't write to stream."); // Flush the output so it ends. the_stdin_stream.flush() .ok().expect("Couldn't flush the stream."); }; // Wait on output. match the_process.wait_with_output() { Ok(out) => print!("{}", out.output.into_ascii() .into_string()), Err(error) => print!("{}", error) } }
Rust's borrow check ensures that the process cannot be closed until it is safe to.
Without the scope, the lifetime of the
the_stdin_stream would still exist when we try to call
the_process.wait_with_output(). If it was the case that this wasn't tracked, it's possible that
the_stdin_stream might be used even after the process is closed, something unsafe. We use a scope to limit the lifetime of
the_stdin_stream, a function could also accomplish this. More info on lifetimes.
Init's Perspective
An init system concerned about more then just the output of a process. It's concerned about the entire lifetime, which user ID runs it, what kind of ENV is exposed to it, what other processes depend on it, and where its STDOUT and STDERR go. So what would a full call to
Command look like for an init system?
Lets say we want to spawn
curl, a very long running process, and map it's STDOUT and STDERR to files. We'll also explicitly declare which user and group it should run as, as well as it's CWD and ENV variables.
In it's simplest form:
extern crate native; extern crate rustrt; use std::io::{process, Command}; use native::io::file; use rustrt::rtio; fn main() { // Open a stdout file. Note this is using the native runtime. // The native runtime will allow us to retrieve a file descriptor. let stdout_file = file::open(&"stdout_log".to_c_str(), rtio::Open, rtio::ReadWrite) .ok().expect("Couldn't open STDOUT file."); // The same with stderr. let stderr_file = file::open(&"stderr_log".to_c_str(), rtio::Open, rtio::ReadWrite) .ok().expect("Couldn't open STDERR file."); // Generate the process very explicitly. let mut the_process = Command::new("curl") // Slice of arguments. .args(["hoverbear.org"]) // Set User/Group. .uid(1000) // Don't know it? Check that user's $UID .gid(1000) // Set STDOUT .stdout(process::InheritFd(stdout_file.fd())) // Set STDERR .stderr(process::InheritFd(stderr_file.fd())) // Set the CWD. .cwd(&Path::new("/home/hoverbear")) // Set ENV variables. .env("IS_EXAMPLE", "true") // Or remove ENV variables. .env_remove("PRIVATE_VARIABLE") // Spawn .spawn().ok().expect("Failed to execute"); // ... // Do stuff // ... // Wait for the process. let the_status = the_process.wait() .ok().expect("Couldn't wait for process."); // Output some exit information. match the_status { process::ExitStatus(x) => println!("Exited with status {}", x), process::ExitSignal(x) => println!("Exited from signal {}", x) }; }
An init system often tracks many processes, how could you use the above code in a setting where multiple processes are needed? How could we utilize various constructs to monitor and augment the capabilities of a system?
This is only the humble beginning.


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Monday, June 14, 2010
I have some exiting news to share with you!
I received an e-mail yesterday afternoon from Irene Swain who writes for The Examiner in Miami. Here's what she wrote: "Your "With This Ring I Thee Wed" layout has been chosen as one of two winners in the paper category of Examiner's week 5 wedding-themed scrapbook contest." I'm very exited about this! Here's her online article about my layout which happens to be one of my favorite.
On another note, I finished a digi double layout today.
The left page is based on Sketchy Thursdays' sketch for this week which I liked a lot. Of course, I added another page since I wanted to make a double layout for these pictures.
Left page
Right page
Thanks for stopping by & have a wonderful week! :)
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By Taylor White, Class of 2015 – West
Ever wanted to hear your voice on the radio, or even dream of having your own radio talk show? Well, imagine eight high school students working to pursue their dreams as radio broadcasters during this past February vacation. I was one of these students who decided to focus on exploring my passion for communications. My interest in broadcasting was sparked when I heard of this opportunity through Sturgis school announcements and in the local paper.
Writing has always been my greatest pastime, but broadcasting was a whole other adventure that I wanted to discover. I, and other students from the Cape, were part of a five-day student radio broadcast workshop through a program called Transom in Woods Hole, Mass. The other students were from the schools of Sturgis, Mashpee, Dartmouth and Falmouth. The director of the workshop Rob Rosenthal, a freelance podcaster and broadcast radio teacher. It was a great experience because broadcasting was a category of journalism I had not explored.
We were given recording gear for the week and learned about the types of settings needed for audio, whether it was vocal or ambient sound. The two assignments of the week were to create a vox pop and promo. For those who are not familiar with what a vox pop is, it means the "voice of the people" and consists of the opinions of people from within the community based on a certain topic they are asked about by a reporter. So, walking up to strangers in public was our mission one frigid and snowy day. Our task was to ask for a person's opinion on a topic that was relevant to a recent report in the news, about the weather, or a holiday.
I learned a lot during my time of interviewing people, and so did the others students in the workshop. Hadley Weeks, a junior at Sturgis West who attended the workshop, stated that the program "put us in situations that we had to get out of our comfort zone" in order to obtain our story. Hadley is right, it was difficult to approach people with a question such as, "What are your thoughts about online-dating?", which was my topic, or just simply a question asking how people feel about the many snowstorms, so-called "snow apocalypse."
All of the students, including myself, acquired an abundance of knowledge on how to approach people, what to sometimes expect, and how to carry ourselves in a professional manner. I obtained a level of confidence through interviewing strangers and would do it again in a heartbeat. The vox pop was a genuine lesson on how it feels to be a reporter, and I savor this experience.
Every morning Mr. Rosenthal would play a podcast for us to listen to and think about. These podcasts gave us ideas of how radio has effects on people. For instance, I remember listening to a story about a young boy killing rabbits to provide food for his family. Just by the sound effects and emotion of the boy's voice, it felt like you were watching a movie. I could almost vividly see what was happening through radio! That's when I realized how powerful radio broadcasts can be and how these certain details can impact your mind in an enlightening way.
The best part for everyone was recording voice-overs at the WCAI radio studio in Woods Hole, Mass. Pat Thut, a senior at Sturgis West said, when asked about what he most enjoyed, "Going into the WCAI studio was the best part." At the studio, a voice coach named Vicki helped students to enunciate and emphasize certain words while recording our vox pop intro and promo. I appreciated the constructive feedback I was given; it was rewarding.
After editing all pieces of sound on Hindenburg software for my vox pop and promo, I heard how polished I sounded and thought, "Wow, I sound like a professional!" In the end, our radio productions were played for family, friends, a teacher (Ms. Singer), and members of the Woods Hole Library.
Altogether, the most valuable part of the workshop for me was learning about the technology of radio and editing all of the components to generate a masterpiece. For others, it was the new friendships that were created and our mentors encouraging us about our potential in radio broadcasting. I hope other Sturgis students have the chance to experience this opportunity next year.


text: Sam Posted October 10, 2007 1 lb of lean ground beef 1 meduim onion chopped 2 1/2 cups of frozen mixed vegetables 1 can diced tomatoes with Italian herbs, undrained 1 jar (12 0z.) beef gravy 1 3/4 cups water 2 tablespoon butter or margarine 1/4 teaspoon garlic powder 1/2 cup milk 2 1/4 cups plain mashed potato mix (dry) 1/4 cup grated Parmesan cheese 1 egg slightly beten Heat oven to 375. Spray 12 inch skillet with cooking spray, cook ground beef and onion over meduim high heat 5 to 7 mintues, stiring occasionally until beef is thoroughly cooked; drained Set aside 12 peas for garnish. Add remaining frozen vegtables, tomatoes and gravy to ground beef. Heat to boiling. Reduce heat to meduim low, cover and cook 8 to 10 minutes or until vegetables are crisp tender, stiring occassionally. Meanwhile in a meduim sauce pan, bring water, butter and garlic powder to a boil. Remove from heat; stir in milk, dry potato mix and cheese. Stir in egg until well blended. Spoon ground beef mixture into a ungreased 8 inch square or or oval glass baking dish. With large spoon make six mounds of potatoe mixture on top of beef mixture to resemble ghost. Place 2 reserved peas on each mound to resemble eyes. Bake 20 to 25 minutes or until potaotes are set and mixture is thoroughly heated. serves 6 * you can use refrigerated prepared potaoes instead of the dry mix. Stir in Parmesan cheese and egg before spooning on the beef mixture. Quote Sam Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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We've been to Moab twice now, and still feel like we just barely scratched the surface of this beautiful corner of Utah. This is a roundup of our favourite things to do in Moab with Kids!
Arches National Park
This is seriously one of the coolest parks we've ever been to in the US, and probably in the world. No wonder it's consistently rated among the top 10 national parks in the US, and is one of the "Mighty 5" parks of Utah.
There are so many different hikes and areas to explore here. If you're not into hiking, there's about 938471923847 viewpoints you can just pull over at on the side of the road and soak in the beauty of Utah's Mars-like terrain.
Here are some of our highlights!
Delicate Arch
This is a given – you can't come to Arches NP and not visit this icon. This is the arch that's on all of Utah's license plates and is reason enough to come to Moab.
It's a fairly easy 3-mile in-and-out hike that's mostly uphill. You can hike it any time of year, weather permitting. We hiked it in February and although there was not much snow on the trail, the wind was so strong we couldn't stand up straight when we got to the top viewing area. We had to pretty much crawl our way across to see the arch (not an easy feat with a baby in a carrier!) The nice part about going in the winter though is there's significantly less people and you don't have to fight tooth and nail for a good viewing spot 🙂
However, if you DO like the thrill of long lines and taking the same photo as 340980098 or so other people, I have some good news! In the summer, there is generally a single-file line originating a few feet away from the arch and wrapping around to approximately where the above photo was taken. It's gotten so popular as a photo-op that we witnessed a graduation photoshoot and a proposal happening here all on the same night!
The most popular times to do this hike are sunrise and sunset. Golden hour really accentuates the redness of the rock, and the colours of the arch become incredibly saturated. Keep in mind that you still need to hike back for about 40 minutes so you might need to bring a flashlight.
If you're lucky enough to go on a trip to Moab with your parents or someone who can watch your kids at night, you should absolutely hike up to Delicate Arch for some epic stargazing. I had the luxury of doing this with my brilliant-photographer-dad while the kids were sleeping at our Airbnb, and it was one of the coolest things I've ever done. Ever.
The Milky Way rises perfectly behind the arch, and the night sky here is stunning.
There's nothing but you, the stars, the arch, and the 2349582934857 other similarly-lucky souls who hiked up here at night. (It wasn't that crowded by night, I'm only mostly kidding). For a guide on how to do Night Sky Photography, check out our tips and tricks here.
Balanced Rock
This is one of those easy-pull-over-on-the-side-of-the-road kind of stops. Not much of a hike, but there's a paved path going up to the rock.
It's also a fantastic spot for seeing the Milky Way! We pulled over here on the way back from Delicate Arch and were spoiled by the full view of the Milky Way across the sky. We could also see the glow of Moab on the right, and the glow of the rising moon on the left.
Double Arch
This is short, easy 15 minute hike which conveniently shares a parking lot with Windows and Turret Arch. They're all pretty cool and there's lots of terrain to explore in this section of the park, but if you're tight on time I would pick Double Arch.
There is a great post covering Windows and Turret Arch here!
Fisher Towers
Once you're fully arched-out, head over to Fisher Towers. I promise, there are no arches there.
This place is seriously super cool. The hike is about 3 hours in-and-out, and is fairly moderate. Our 2.5 year old champ was able to hike the first hour before she conked out on dad.
There was one part that was a little tricky, where you had to climb up/down a ladder. Aside from that, it's completely doable with kids and our toddler loved the climbing aspect of this trail!
Baby sat on me the entire way, and I only took her out for a quick snack at a strategically epic view point
This was my view 🙂
Canyonlands National Park
This is a huge park with lots of trails. The most famous stop here is Mesa Arch, and people line up here with tripods at ungodly hours of the morning to catch the sunrise peeking through the arch. We went here in February, and despite it being winter there was a huge crowd of people already lined up. It's only about a 5 minute walk from the parking lot, if you can find a spot.
Another cool stop is Shafer Canyon Trail and Shafer Canyon Overlook. They overlook the same spot, but one has a parking lot with a small trail and the other is just a pull-over-on-the-shoulder-of-the-road kind of lookout.
There's a ton more stops and trails and lookouts in this park but we had to cut our drive short and head home because our toddler fainted in the backseat without much warning! Anyone else travel with breath holders..?
Corona Arch Trail
If you happen to find yourself in Moab with a dog, you'll quickly come to realize that dogs are not permitted at National Parks. They are, however, permitted at some state parks, including this wonderful trail! We went here solely to get our dog a proper hike, and ended up really enjoying it.
It's a 2 hour in-and-out hike that's mostly flat. It gets a little tricky near the end since you have to balance on inclined rock and climb some ladders, but we still felt safe enough to hike with a baby carrier.
Dead Horse Point
This is a gorgeous lookout that's easily accessible by car. We came here right after watching the sunrise at Mesa Arch in Canyonlands. The colours were absolutely stunning during golden hour. You have a near-360 view of the canyon, so make sure to spend some time here walking around!


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The median home value in Springfield, VA is $544,500.
This is
higher than
the county median home value of $495,000.
The national median home value is $231,815.
The average price of homes sold in Springfield, VA is $544,500.
Approximately 61% of Springfield homes are owned,
compared to 35% rented, while
4% are vacant.
Springfield real estate listings include condos, townhomes, and single family homes for sale.
Commercial properties are also available.
If you like to see a property, contact Springfield real estate agent to arrange a tour
Learn more about Springfield Real Estate.
Open House:
Sunday, 7/5
5 bedroom 3 bath gem in the heart of Springfield! All 4 levels are fully renovated! Open concept main level with bright renovated kitchen, beautiful natural hardwoods and fireplace perfect for entertainment. Large flat yard with new patio big enough for family gatherings and future pool. Loft area for office or kids play area. Fully finished basement with fireplace. New roof, high efficiency windows throughout, hot water heater and HVAC. Over 3000 finished sq ft and loft space is an additional 550 sq ft! You will not find a home like this again in the area!
Luxurious 3-level brick-front end-unit townhouse with garage and deck backs to woods and open common area on the side. Enjoy a morning drink on your deck listening to the sound of nature. Interior highlights include 2 gas fireplaces (kitchen/family room and rec room), hardwood floors on the bedroom and main levels and stairs, tile in the kitchen and entire basement, 9 foot ceilings, French doors to the deck, kitchen w/granite counters, 42-in cabinets & breakfast bar, master bedroom with cathedral ceiling, master bath with Jacuzzi tub with jets and separate shower. Home boasts 2,600+ sq ft of living space. Community amenities include shuttle to Franconia-Springfield metro/VRE (3 hrs AM/2 hrs PM), or 10 min walk (lit path), pool, tot lot/playground and tennis courts (Fairfax County Park Authority).Location provides convenient access to I-95, I-395, I-495, Springfield Town Ctr, Kingstowne, Ft. Belvoir, Wegmans, and Trader Joes.
Beautiful two-level colonial home on quiet cul-de-sac in sought after Ben Franklin Park. Pride of ownership shines throughout! Spacious four bedrooms and 2.5 baths. This home will surprise you with the details, hardwood floors on both levels, kitchen with granite counters, living & dining areas have hardwood flooring & walkout to patio. Comfortable family room off kitchen & wood burning fireplace. All 4 bedrooms on upper level! Large master suite has huge walk-in closet. All baths updated in 2018. Private, fully-fenced back yard with patio, flat yard & garden shed. One-car garage attached, it can be used as in-law suite. Updates throughout and move right in! driveway for two cars. Short walk to multiple parks & Springfield Mall! Incredible location close to shopping, restaurants, I-95, Springfield Metro, Ft. Belvoir & more. Don't miss out on this opportunity!
Sunday, 7/5
If you are looking for a home that mixes nature and recreation with a highly sought after location, this is the home for you. Stepping inside, you will notice the bright and open floor plan. The beautiful hardwood floors bring you into the updated kitchen with stylish finishes, all flowing out to your backyard, entertainment-oasis. The expansive deck is highlighted by the shaded Tiki Bar complete with a sound system. Perfect for entertaining or just enjoying anytime your heart desires. Enjoy a game of horseshoes and relax by the fire pit, the backyard is packed with ways to unwind. And to top it all off, the home is located at the end of a cul de sac, just minutes from Lake Accotink, 495/395/95, Metro, VRE, and all the shops and restaurants Springfield has to offer. Updates include a new roof, new HVAC, hardwood floors, updated kitchen, updated bathroom, new windows, new paint, and freshly stained deck.
Lots of updates and upgrades are only the beginning of this beautiful home's story. Wait until you see the back yard! Hardwood floors on upper 2 levels ** tons of fresh paint ** renovated granite and stainless kitchen with custom cabinetry and custom backsplash ** upgraded powder room onthe main level ** all bedrooms have hardwood floors ** master bedroom features a huge walk in close with window. In the finished lower level find an extra large recreation room with window ** tile flooring ** recessed lighting ** abundant storage ** renovated full bath with huge shower, frameless glass door, custom tiles ** storage room and laundry area. But the backyard will stun you! A true park like oasis with gorgeous brick patio, custom brick grill station, brick walk way, garden areas, backs to common area. You have to see it to believe it. 2 assigned parking areas. Friendly neighborhood w/community pool, playgrounds, and tennis courts. Great commuter location.
This beautiful end unit townhome located in West Springfield features 3 bedrooms, 2 full, and 2 half baths. The main level features an eat-in kitchen, living/dining room combination with a wood burning fireplace, deck off the living room, and a half bathroom. The upper level has 3 bedrooms with two full bathrooms, attic access, and a large linen closet. Walk-out to the yard from the basement through the sliding glass door; take care of that laundry chore from the basement while you relax, work, or play in the spacious and inviting rec room/family room--lots of storage space and a wash sink for convenience; and a half bath on the lower level for more convenience! The lower and upper levels, including both staircases, have brand new carpet installed last week! The exterior features a new deck (2019) and spacious front, side, and back yard. The home backs to trees and community common grounds. There are two assigned parking spaces and plenty of street parking for guests. HOA fee includes trash/recycling pickup, access to community pool & events, neighborhood playground equipment, snow removal (roads), road maintenance, community landscaping, and maintenance of community walking paths/sidewalks. Commuters can easily access bus lines, VRE (Burke Centre and Rolling Road - Manassas Line), Franconia/Springfield metro and VRE (Fredericksburg Line), commuter parking lots, and slug lines. This home is less than 10 miles to Fort Belvoir, 14 miles to the Pentagon, 26 miles to Quantico. It is located near shopping, dining, and recreational activities, including 5 miles to the Springfield Town Center and Burke Lake Park.
Opportunity awaits! End-unit townhouse priced 25k below appraised value. Bring your paint brush and design ideas and make this home your own. Home features wood floors on main level and carpet in bedrooms. Fully finished basement with a full bath Terrific fully fenced in yard ready to become your summer oasis. Shed conveys. Home will be sold "AS IS".
Wonderful home in great location! Located on a quiet cul-de-sac, close to shopping, schools and Lake Accotink Park. This home has been lovingly updated! The primary bedroom has a sitting room with skylight, luxury full bath with jetted tub and separate shower, heated floors, vessel sink and additional water heater. There is another full bath with tub and skylight. There are two additional bedrooms, one with skylight. The living room features a wood burning fireplace. The dining room has built-ins for storage convenience. The family room addition has sliding glass doors to the new deck. Stainless steel appliances in the kitchen (all are brand new except for the refrigerator which is 4 years old). Through the kitchen is access to the laundry room with updated washer and dryer, extra refrigerator, pantry, storage cabinets, HVAC , water heater and access to the 1 car carport. Newer roof (5 years). Updated within the last month include: insulation in the attic, new landscaping, newly sealed driveway, exterior power washed, new vanity in powder room, chimney swept, new deck, new gutters, most rooms freshly painted, new SS microwave, new SS 6 burner gas stove, new SS dishwasher and all electrical inspected.
This 4 bedroom, 3 full bath Springfield home has a gorgeous interior matched by its expansive yard, perfect for the crew or pets to explore. The 2019 rear wooden fence allows for privacy and safety, and the yard/huge deck for family and friends to come grill and chill. Inside your inner chef will love the 2020 kitchen cabinets, countertops, and appliances. The dining room opens to the carpeted living room with natural light pouring in from all the windows. The main level offers 3 good-sized bedrooms, and both updated hall bathroom and primary bedroom bathroom are perfect for the homeowner. The lower level offers a multi-functional recreation room with a fireplace. Gather for family movie night and Netflix it, create a home office on one side or set up a few desks for online learning. A fourth bedroom, another convenient full bathroom, and clean as a whistle laundry room complete the living space. The one-car garage has plenty of storage space against the back wall, and the shed out back offers more. With an expanded driveway, there is plenty of room for a few cars. Located right down the road from Lake Accotink (trails to walk, run, bike). The home is super convenient to Braddock Rd 495 expressway/395/95/Pentagon Bus Line and Backlick Road VRE, as well as great restaurants and area shopping.
Nicely updated move in ready 3 level condo with deck over looking trees. Approximately 1400 Square feet in a great North Springfield location. Kitchen with Stainless Steel, custom cabinetry and eat in area. Exit Kitchen to enclose patio area! Huge Living Room with fresh paint and new carpet. Living room has custom built ins and a sliding glass door to deck/balcony facing trees. Washer and dryer in the unit on their own floor...no noise! Freshly painted and new carpet! Close to Fort Belvoir!! Just off Fairfax County ParkwayAAP Schools are Keene Mill and Lake Braddock. Not to be missed...and this is a rare opportunity in this lovely complex! Contracts if any will be reviewed Monday at 4:00. Convenient to Fort Belvoir, NGA, Bus Lines to Pentagon and Franconia-Springfield Station! 2 parking permits..one assigned. HVAC and H20 2013
Welcome to your handsome new home in the Lakewood Hills community of Springfield, Virginia. This home features 4 bedrooms and 2 baths. Boasting LVP flooring throughout the main level it creates a fluidity throughout the space. A spacious kitchen with stainless steel appliances, electric cooktop, built-in microwave, wall oven and tile backsplash are a cook~s dream. Sliding glass doors frame the walls on either side of the kitchen allowing the maximum amount of sunlight pour into the family and dining rooms. A loft that overlooks the living room is a beautiful touch complete with built-in shelving that can easily be made into your reading or relaxation nook. Your backyard oasis is perfect for entertaining family and friends. Do not miss out on this amazing opportunity! Welcome Home!
SELLER TO REVIEW ALL OFFERS @12:00PM MONDAY, JULY 6. PLEASE SUBMIT YOUR CLIENTS FINAL & BEST!!! Come fall in love with this meticulously maintained and completely updated townhome in sought after Westhaven. The significantly remodeled kitchen and bathrooms are stunning with one of a kind finishes. On the main level you'll fall in love with the sun-drenched open concept living/dining room area with hardwood floors throughout. Off of the breakfast nook is a deck great for relaxing or entertaining. Upstairs you'll find 3 spacious bedroom including the master with vaulted ceilings and walk in closet. Downstairs is fully finished with a full bathroom. Walk-out access to fenced-in backyard with a covered patio and stairs leading to the deck. A perfect place to call home! Minutes from transit, major highways and shopping, great for commuters.
BEAUTIFUL, Move-in ready home>Do not miss this great house>Open floor plan with many improvements and upgrades>Completely freshly custom painted>Upgraded woods floors on both levels>Light filled living/dining room with great space and walk-out to rear deck>Recently UPDATED gorgeous kitchen with rich cabinets, granite and high end appliances, including French door refrigerator>Nicely finished lower level with big recreation room , Bedroom, and updated full bath w/walk-in shower>Laundry/storage area w/walk out to rear yard>Excellent storage>GARAGE, plus expanded driveway which is great for off street parking and even a basketball hoop for fun>NEW ROOF in 2019>Mature landscaping and fully fenced rear yard>Very close to beautiful 493 Acre Lake Accotink Park, bike and walking trails, picnic areas, recreation, shopping, groceries, dining, and so much more>Easy access to major roads, VRE, Springfield Mall, Tyson's, and easy access to commuter routes (50, 495, 395)>Will not last long
If you are looking for an upgraded, well maintained and cared for home in Springfield that is also conveniently located to major road access and VRE, come visit here ! And wow, one of the largest lots in the community with over 1/3 acre, fully fenced, and gives you the privacy and space to enjoy your home to the fullest! This home is on a quiet, no-thru street, and minutes to shops, to parks, or the community pool. Great walk-score! No worries of major systems needing a focus or your money, the roof, HVAC, water heater and windows have all been replaced and upgraded in recent years. Walk-inside and you will immediately notice the open floor plan, the well maintained wood floors and the upgrades as you approach the kitchen. The walls have fresh coats of paint for you. The cabinetry, counters, appliances and more have been updated. Natural light spills into each room, or close your blinds for darkness. This home is unique in that the bedrooms upstairs are large for its size - wait until you see! As well, the closets in the rooms, the halls, and the master walk-in give you plenty of room to get settled with your belongings. Both upper baths have been upgraded with granite topped cabinets, 12x12 and floor to ceiling tiles. And the outside is a true treat. You can enter on either side of the fence via the gates, or through the home onto the maintenance free decking. Tiered landscaping awaits you and the rear of the lot has so much privacy, character and space that you can vision your own adventures once its yours. Did we mention the location ? Minutes to shopping, to the Lorton VRE, to 95. The home is just off Rolling Road and Backlick. Come visit, come see, and decide if this is your next home! Please contact our office to set up a showing.
Gorgeous 3/level townhouse with garage. Hardwood floors throughout main level! Sunny Living Room & Dining Room with Bay Window! Open Gourmet Kitchen features Granite Counter Tops & Stainless Steel Appliances, Eat-In Space/Family Room w/SGDRs to large Deck overlooking Trees/privacy! Interior Freshly painted! Recent updates to Master Bath include vanity, lights, fixtures & floor tiles. Lower Level Rec Room with Fireplace, Half Bath + walk-out to fenced rear yard. Home has been lovingly maintained throughout!! Recent Interior Updates Include; Washer & Dryer 2016, Dishwasher 2018, SGD frame to deck, Bay Window. Recent Exterior Updates Include; Deck boards, Rake board on roof + facia board on back of house, Freshly painted front steps and driveway. Great location-one mile to VRE & short drive to Metro, convenient to shopping and minutes to Rt 95 and close to Ft. Belvoir.
Spotless condo in Cardinal Forest, just a block from Lake Accotink trails! Wander green space available in the community. Enjoy the amenities of condo living with a private pool, tennis courts and playground all within this well manicured community. Two spacious bedrooms with walk in closets and washer dryer in unit. Wide open living space with dining area, smartly designed kitchen, and living room flooded with light. Enjoy evenings on your private balcony with serene wooded views. Rest easy knowing your condo fees include snow removal, gas, sewer, trash, and water. Tour this home today and break free of dead end renting!
Sunday, 7/5
Truly Move-In Ready! Spacious colonial with all new carpet and paint; roof and A/C are 2 years young. Don't miss the opportunity to own in West Springfield school district with privacy, woods, walking/jogging trails, a low HOA fee of just $125 annually. This home has plenty of updates and personal touches in the outdoors you won't want to miss -- professionally maintained yard and front landscape; concrete pavers to expand driveway; stone walkway in back to the concrete patio awaiting your firepit OR hot tub (with power already in place!). There's also a huge deck for entertaining all of friends and family for those weekend gatherings and holiday parties. AND - you've got the privacy you've always wanted - wooded lot, and 6-ft fencing on the back, as well as natural trees and bushes to add to the seclusion you want! Commuters -- steps away to the busline, just a few minutes to park-n-ride, and less than 10 mins from the Springfield-Franconia metro, with EZ access to the Fairfax County Parkway. Ceiling fans in each bedroom, a skylight serving the upstairs hallway, and new vanities/tops in the upstair baths. UPDATES: Roof - 2017; HVAC - 2016 (with Merv 16 filter capability). Snell Air & Heat 10-Year Warranty transferable with service contract; windows, triple pane - 2008; Insulated vinyl siding for energy efficiency and noise reduction; Gas fireplace burners - 2019. Much more to see and experience! Open House - July 5, 2-4 p.m.
Price To Sell Fast! Awesome Renovated Home with Open/Vaulted Ceiling! Updated Kitchen with Stainless Steel Appliances, QUARTZ Counters, Tile Backsplash, New Flooring, New Custom Paint, Updates in Bathrooms, New Lighting, Driveway, Fireplace, Nice Backyard and Much More! Convenient Location! Close to I495, I395, I95, Shopping, Schools, Commuter Routes and Much More! Hurry. This Will Not Last!
Sunday, 7/5
Townhome located inside a cul-de-sac has all the upgrades. Front Kitchen w/Bay window Stainless appliances all-new, Granite Countertops, New floor, fresh paint. Hardwood floors on the main level with ~ bath, walkout to large deck w/new wood deck and railings, backs to trees. Upper-level master bedroom with 2 closets, carpet flooring, (all carpeted areas 2 months new) renovated master bath with soaker tub, sperate shower, tile floors. Second and third bedrooms have carpet floors. The second full hall bath also renovated, fresh paint. New windows to be installed in upper-level windows [window nation has been contracted]. The huge fully finished basement area, carpeted, full bath w/ shower, separate laundry room with washer, dryer[conveys] wood burning fireplace, and slider walkout to custom brick patio, nicely landscaped fenced rear yard, w/gate. Entire house walls, doors, and trim have been just painted. New HVAC system, New hot water heater [both 3 years] close to all main routes, Belvoir, shopping, and top schools in the area. included 2 parking spaces in front of the unit. HOA Amenities include Tennis Courts, Tot lots.
Sunday, 7/5
Light-filled 4BR/2.5BA updated contemporary! Open living and dining room boast cathedral ceilings, large windows, and sliding doors to back patio! Main-level also features updated kitchen with granite counters and stainless steel appliances, and gleaming hardwood floors! 3 bedrooms on main level include en-suite master with walk-in closet! Lower level offers expansive family room, half bath, bedroom and exercise/bonus room! Gorgeous, flat, private, partially fenced backyard! Fabulous location -- bus stop at end of block, minutes to Springfield Town Center, easy access to Rt 95/395, Metro and Virginia Railway Express (VRE)! **Vrtual Tour: https://www.tourbuzz.net/1549282?idx=1**3D Tour: https://my.matterport.com/show/?m=AmejYHuTyKM&mls=1
Practically new model home built in 2016 by Christopher Companies! Stunning open concept living across main level, where every room flows beautifully into the next. See through fireplace separates the formal dining room from family room and gourmet kitchen. Main level den/optional bedroom/future pantry. Tons of light throughout entire house, and lush greenery provides pleasant views from every window. Four bedrooms upstairs are a great size, including princess suite and huge master en suite with sitting area, double walk in closet, and luxurious bathroom. The basement provides a spacious recreation room for entertaining, bedroom and full bath, plus theater or gym room, and walks up to backyard. No HOA fee! Home sits on private and serene 1/2 acre lot, but is just minutes to 95/395/495, providing an easy commute to DC, Old Town, Fort Belvoir, The Pentagon, and Quantico!
A beautiful townhouse located in one of the best neighborhoods of West Springfield, perfect for families! Landscaped front and back yards, freshly painted, new granite counter tops & back splash, stainless steel appliances, wooden flooring throughout the house, walkout basement leading towards street. Three bedrooms upstairs with two full bathrooms on upper level; a half bathroom on main level and for the basement, each.deal location with neighborhood including trails, community pool, basketball court and kids play area. Bus stop is a minute walk and 2 to 3 minutes~ drive to kiss n ride and shopping center (Safeway, Whole Foods, Lidl, Staples, Dollar Tree, Petco, One Life Witness, Planet Fitness, IHOP, Pizza Hut, restaurants, Bank of America, Burke & Herbert, Wells Fargo, Pohick Library, gas stations etc.).
Beautiful custom home located within the Beltway minutes from 495 and less than 10 miles to DC. This home will WOW you with its high ceilings and 2-story foyer. 3,356 SQFT with 7 Bedrooms and 6.5 Baths; hardwood floors on the first and second floors. Fantastic huge deck covering the complete back of the house with a partially covered area which is great for outdoor cooking / eating. Completely finished basement with a walkout to a spacious back yard with two large storage sheds. Don't miss the bonus finished attic space with two fans. This home is great for a growing family and provides lots of extra space and rooms for offices, workout and entertainment. Basement of home is ideal to be used as a rental with 3 rooms, 2 full baths, laundry, lots of storage space, area to add complete kitchen and large open rec area.
Beautiful 2 Level 3 BR and 1.5.5 BA, End Unit Townhouse, Large patio and Fenced in backyard, in very well established neighborhood, Walk to Supermarket, Bank and Restaurant, Closed to Fort Belvoir, Springfield Metro Station, Pentagon, Reagan National Airport, Washington D.C. and all major interstate highway.


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Come Join Plastic Free Boy in a free Demonstration about his mission to save the future for kids, through education and empowerment.
Arlian Ecker a.k.a Plastic Free Boy has made a film about the problems and solutions of plastic pollution. Plastic Free Boy is on a mission to save the kids future by presenting his film PLASTIC ALARM in schools and community groups.
Please come along to join him in his movement. Having been on Prime TV several times Arlian shows how everyone can start small, and be an eco super hero!
This seminar is aimed to kids and teens, so bring them along to be empowered to save our world from plastic pollution!
Adults will love it too, and be impressed with the vision of our future generation!
About Arlian Ecker
Arlian Ecker known as PLASTIC FREE BOY made a film about the problems and solutions of plastic pollution. He grew up in Byron Bay, NSW as well as in his mother's homeland Austria. Being bilingual and understanding cultural differences he has a sound understanding of seeing things from different perspectives.
He filmed PLASTIC ALARM with his Mum over the course of 1 year, and since its release last year has proven to be a hit. Arlian has featured on prime TV several times with his cause, to educate and empower kids to make better decisions for their future.
His film PLASTIC ALARM has inspired and empowered kids from the age of 3 years old until high school. Many of these kids follow him now on his social media platforms.


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Looking fantastic Watts
Maintenance wash:
Little spruce up...
Rid it of sand pox!
Not recent but thought would share, 2 weeks after ownership car was ceramic coated inc wheels.So easy to wash now. The weather we have had this week was awful and tbh it didn't even get dirty 😱
GolfGTI help and sarcasm since 2002


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Skales Interview On Why HE Left EME Record
Raoul John Njen-
Njeng, popularly known as Skales, tells Ademola Olonilua
why he left EMEand his relationship with Timaya
Q- You must be close to your mother for you to talk
about her all the time…
A- We are very close. She is my best friend and she knows
everything about me. I am her only child and as such,
we are really close. I owe my mother a lot because she
sacrificed a lot for me. After my father left us, my mother
concentrated on me and even forgot about herself.
Q- Was it really so tough for her to train you?
A- It was very tough. There was a time my mother had to
do menial jobs just to provide for me. Then she was
being paid N500 daily. When I went from being the first
to the seventh in the class, she came to my school and
was crying. She felt I was not focused anymore but there
were subjects I never understood like Economics. She
borrowed a lot of money just because of me. She used
the money to pay my school fees.She wanted me to
attend the best schools in Kaduna. There were times I
would advise her to allow me go to cheaper schools but
she would refuse. I was about the poorest boy in my
school. I was in a class where we had children of
commissioners, senators and so many rich people but
she wanted me to complete my education. She always
tried to get me the best things so I could compete with
my peers.
Q- Do you even think of repaying her for all she did
for you back then ?
A- The first thing I want to do is to buy her a very big
house. She works in Kaduna and wants to come to Lagos
but I keep telling her to give me time. I am going to tell
her to stop working soon. I would get her a big house;
buy her the best car and anything she wants.
Q- As someone who had to grow fast and be the
breadwinner at a tender age, what were some of
the challenges you faced?
As the only child and the fact that my mother is getting
older, I am the breadwinner of the house. There is a lotof pressure and I have to be thinking all the time of how
I would provide for my family and myself. Sometimes
she calls me for advice because I am the only one she
trusts in the whole world. There has been a lot of
pressure but God has seen me through.
Q- Why did you leave Kaduna, where you were born,
for Lagos?
A- I would say as a young boy, I was very ambitious
because I left my house when I was about 16 years old.
Right from secondary school, I had started taking care of
myself. I paid my tuition fees while I was in the
University of Jos. I was working, I was writing songs for
people because I have been doing music for a very long
time. I was getting paid writing songs for people and
also for being a back-up singer as well. I was paying my
school fees which was about N15,000 but still it was not
so easy to get. I later won a competition and I was
crowned the northern champion and from there, I
decided to make a move to Lagos. I thank my friend,
Tijani, that gave me a free ride to to Lagos.
Q- How did you meet Wizkid?
A- I met Wizkidin Knighthouse. I used to go to Knighthouse
to record; Terry tha Rapman was one of the people that
helped pay for studio sessions for me. I am forever
grateful to him. I eventually recorded a song. It was
there I met Wizkid, Osagie, Kels and some other artistes.
Q- Over time, you and Wizkidwere close friends.
Then when Wizkidhad issues with EME, we learnt
it affected your friendship. Is that true?
A- No, it did not affect our relationship. We are still close.
We talk and still see each other often. As a matter of fact,
last weekend, we were together at a beach in Lagos. We
still see each other. It is just that now everybody is busy
but whenever we need each other; we are always there
for each other.
Q- Your success level is often compared with Wizkid's
by fans. Does that get to you?
A- To be honest, I am human and the truth is that it gets to
me when I am compared with Wizkid. I have come to liveA- To be honest, I am human and the truth is that it gets to
me when I am compared with Wizkid. I have come to live
with the fact that I can't help it that they must always
compare me with Wizkid. We were in the same label, we
started about the same time so they must always
compare. It is something I cannot run away from, so I
just have to keep working till I put a stamp and let them
know this is me; till everybody knows Skalesand Wizkid
Q- What happened between you and EME?
A- My contract expired and we both agreed that we would
go our separate ways. I decided I wanted to be on my
own, do my music and take my own decision. Nothing
happened; people are just speculating and spreading
rumours. We did not fight. Right now, I am working on
my album, rebranding and taking Skalesto the next
Q- When you say you are rebranding, does it involve
you being a part of Timaya's record label?
A- Timaya is my buddy; we are always together. He is like
my mentor I take advice from him and I call him my big
daddy. He is a very close friend of mine, we are always
together and people would always speculate that I
moved into his house. It is because we are close and
together all the time. That is why people came up with
the insinuation that I moved into his house. It is just all
about music between me and him; music and friendship.
Q- Did you move into Timaya's house?
A- No, I did not move into his house. We are friends and he
has a studio in his house. I do a lot of recordings there.
People would always talk.
Q- Would you be signed to his record label?
A- We do not know for now but like I said, I am working on
just Skales, I am focused on just Skalesand taking the
brand to the next level. We do a lot of music together
because we are always together.
Q- There was a time insulting tweets between you
and your ex girlfriend went viral online. What
happened between you two?
A- I don't want to talk about that. Things happen in life and
you accept them as they come.
Q- Do you regret the relationship?A- It was a good thing but there are always ups and downs
in life. I mean something bad happened and we cannot
reverse it; so I'm moving on to other things in life.
Q- Are you in a relationship right now?
A- No. I am not in a relationship
READ MORE @ http://www.naijaolofofo.com/skales-interview-on-why-he-left-eme-records/


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Quite a few years ago now I was involved in a Mentoring Project in Scotland, I am involved in one now at DYFC but just the managing of it. One of the key aspects of the mentoring work, and it was largely short term relationships in which my role was to mentor a young person, often referred by a school, was to try and set goals with the young person that they felt they would like to achieve through the process of the relationship.
Sometimes this worked.
Sometimes it took 3 weeks out of 6 just to have a conversation about goals.
Sometimes the goals were highly influenced by the school and what they wanted and were paying for.
However, goals in this kind of programme were set, arranged and to a point referred to in the evaluation of outcomes and results.
In the main however, the goals set, might not have become motivating factors for the young person, unless the goals were negotiated by them, and they believed in them. On a bigger scale – the things that might motivate young people in a school setting are numerous and can include popularity, success, relationships, notoriety, status and many others, or its heads down and just get through every day.
Why am i talking about Goals and Motivations?
For a number of reasons, but firstly i think this is fascinating:
We only have feelings for what matters to us. To experience an emotion, cognitive theories suggest that we first appriaise the situation and then decide the significance in relation to our goals (J Bryan, 2016)
Jocelyn Bryan is talking about Emotions first and foremost in the context of a conversation about 'Human Beings' and their psychology. What she is getting at here is that how people react to something is based upon their appraisal of it in relation to the goals of the person. So its not just the situation that causes an emotion, but how a person appraises it. For example a difficult church meeting might be reacted to in a calm way by a pcc member who might have 100 other things to worry about, but causes anger, frustration and lack of sleep for the clergy whose role is dependent on the PCC approval. but we all know this kind of situation is just a piece of internet fiction…. no clergy gets angry with PCCs…
Anyway, going back to goals and faith based youthwork.
If for a moment, we think about that age old problem of trying to keep young people in the church, or even in youth groups, ministry and the like. Do we need to ask a fundamentally serious one about motivations and goals?
In his book, Faith Generation, Nick Shepherd talks about giving young people opportunity to become deciders, and not just learners in a church setting, which is a valid premise to reflect on in terms of learning styles, participation and empowerment of young people. But theres a fundamental question – what motivates a young person to stay in church/ youth ministry? and linked to this what goals are negotiated with them that they have adopted?
There could be many motivating factors for a young person to want to attend church, social factors, learning, challenge, volunteering might give them experience, or its a place of safety to talk about faith.
But as they decide to leave they do so often because something else fulfils that motivation. Whether thats homework, recovery from a night out the night before (social), sports clubs (physical, competition).
Something might have to motivate a young person to stay in the church – enough so that they want to and care about it!
I wonder how often in youth ministry settings we negotiate either person or collective goals for a youth group? something to motivate them, or challenge them? – not just an activity for a week – but an inspiring goal to change something, do something or be something. Unlike the example of the mentoring programme above, the key is that it is negotiated – because young people have a certain amount of choice to be there. If part of giving young people an identity in a church is to give them a niche and validity in the community – then how might we in our relationship enable a young person to negotiate that it its worth it, and so that it becomes a motivation for them.
Maybe it is not enough to give young people opportunities to learn, enable them to have opportunities to be involved, to decide and to create. But part of that to is to give them the desire, the long term desire that causes it to be a motivation.
We might single out a young person as leadership potential within a church, after all thats kind of what Jesus did with Peter, and they then might have greater motivation bestowed upon them which they have to internalise. A new long term motivation and goal is orientated. But once they do this becomes a motivating factor, affecting their involvement in the faith community. In an environment where there might not be female leaders – how might female young people be as motivated? Especially in an age where they can become Prime minister in the world outside of the church. This isnt an article about Gender inequalities, but about the effect of such positions might have on the motivation of young females to maintain within the church environment, should they have a driven and achieving personality – and leadership potential.
How else might church & youth ministry provide motivation for a young person?
Shouldnt we sit down with young people every now and then and ask them what drives them and keeps them motivated to attend church and groups – we might find they have little choice- we might be more surprised.
But it might also be that we as their youth workers negotiate with them goals to motivate them in the short and long term – not just activities to attend- in order that they not only have reason to participate but that it fits with their own emerging motivations for their lives. I am just wondering whether we should be more deliberate with them in negotiating goals, and so that they have more motivation for being there – maybe like school its popularity, learning, success, or even notoriety!
These are likely to be the motivating factors, which stem from core motivating factors in Everyones lives such as meeting needs, relationships, autonomy and Competance (Bryan, 2016:14). And there are other faith ideals and motivations which take root in the christian life some of which spur on young people – but i wonder whether the spiritual motivations are enough for young people or even if they 'own' these motivations in their stage of life (thinking about ownership of faith in terms of faith development stages, Westerhoff etc) – for young people who have a myriad of competing voices trying to affect their long term goals and motivations – the church and youth ministry has to develop practical ways in which young people maintain goals and motivation to invest in the community for what they can give and receive from it for their whole life.
How might motivation for young people be negotiated in youth ministry – thoughts anyone?
When was the last time a young person got frustrated or cared enough about youth ministry to get angry about it? Maybe that when we know it means something. But how often does anger precurse leaving…
as an additional, 24 hours later, what about discovering the key motivators for young people, what drives them, though we might want to identify the motivating factors in terms of gifts, and then shape the style of ministry around developing these? sort of back to asset based community development but with motivational gifts? Ie young people who might be motivated by care for others, how could this be actualised in church & youth ministry?
Human Being; Insights from Psychology and the Christian faith by Jocelyn Bryan (2016, SCM)


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