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A Soybean Plastid-Targeted NADH-Malate Dehydrogenase: Cloning and Expression Analyses
by John Imsande, Matthias Berkemeyer, Christine Gietl, Reid G. Palmer, Uwe Schumann
A Soybean Plastid-Targeted NADH-Malate Dehydrogenase: Cloning and Expression Analyses
John Imsande, Matthias Berkemeyer, Christine Gietl, Reid G. Palmer, Uwe Schumann
American Journal of Botany
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Updated: January 1st, 2013
2Departments of Agronomy and of ZoologylGenetics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 5001 1-1010 USA;
3Maltagen Forschung GmbH, Schaarstrasse 1, D-56626 Andernach, Germany;
4Pflanzenphysiologie, Fachbereich BiologielChemie, Universitat Osnabruck, D-49069, Germany;
5Technische Universitat Miinchen, Lehrstuhl fiir Botanik, Biologikum-Weihenstephan, Am Hochanger 4,
D-85350 Freising, Germany; and
6USDA-ARS-CICGR Unit and Departments of Agronomy and of ZoologyIGenetics Iowa State University,
Ames, Iowa 50011-1010 USA
A typical soybean (Glycine max) plant assimilates nitrogen rapidly both in active root nodules and in developing seeds and pods. Oxaloacetate and 2-ketoglutarate are major acceptors of ammonia during rapid nitrogen assimilation. Oxaloacetate can be derived from the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and it also can be synthesized from phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide by phosphoenolpyr- uvate carboxylase. An active malate dehydrogenase is required to facilitate carbon flow from phosphoenolpyruvate to oxaloacetate. We report the cloning and sequence analyses of a complete and novel malate dehydrogenase gene in soybean. The derived amino acid sequence was highly similar to the nodule-enhanced malate dehydrogenases from Medicago sativa and Pisum sativum in terms of the transit peptide and the mature subunit (i.e., the functional enzyme). Furthermore, the mature subunit exhibited a very high homology to the plastid-localized NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase from Arabidopsis thaliana, which has a completely different transit peptide. In addition, the soybean nodule-enhanced malate dehydrogenase was abundant in both immature soybean seeds and pods. Only trace amounts of the enzyme were found in leaves and nonnodulated roots. In vitro synthesized labeled precursor protein was imported into the stroma of spinach chloroplasts and processed to the mature subunit, which has a molecular mass of -34 kDa. We propose that this new malate dehydrogenase facilitates rapid nitrogen assimilation both in soybean root nodules and in developing soybean seeds, which are rich in protein. In addition, the complete coding region of a geranylgeranyl hydrogenase gene, which is essential for chlorophyll synthesis, was found immediately upstream from the new malate dehydrogenase gene.
Key words: geranylgeranyl hydrogenase; Glycine max; malate dehydrogenase; metabolic regulation; nitrogen assimilation; nodule- enhanced malate dehydrogenase; pH stat.
Nodulated grain legumes possess two major sites of rapid genome encodes at least four PEP carboxylases, two of which nitrogen assimilation: (1) infected cells of the N,-fixing nod- are expressed in the seed (Hata, Izui, and Kouchi, 1998). Fur- ules and (2) pods and seeds during seed storage protein syn- thermore, in Viciafaba, enhanced nitrogen availability can in- thesis. Nitrogen assimilation by N,-fixing root nodules has duce the mRNAs for both a PEP carboxylase and legumin B, been studied extensively (Schuller, Turpin, and Plaxton, 1990; a major seed storage protein (Weber et al., 1998; Golombek Vance et al., 1994; Miller et al., 1998; Waters et al., 1998; et al., 1999). Also, an active MDH, whose function is similar Fedorova, Tikhonovich, and Vance, 1999; Trepp et al., 1999).
to the neMDH found in alfalfa (Miller et al., 1998) and pea A nodule-enhanced phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase nodules (Fedorova, Tikhonovich, and Vance, 1999), would be and a nodule-enhanced malate dehydrogenase (neMDH) in the required to facilitate OAA synthesis and metabolism during nodule provide oxaloacetate (OAA) to support synthesis of soybean seed filling. Malate dehydrogenase would catalyze the aspartate and asparagine and the continuation of the tricarbox- reduction of OAA to malate, thereby increasing net OAA syn- ylic acid (TCA) cycle. Because N can account for 6% of the thesis from PEP and providing malate to support the TCA dry mass of a soybean seed (Imsande, 1989), we reasoned that cycle, fatty acid biosynthesis, and other cellular activities grain legume seed formation may require enhanced activities (Plaxton, 1996; Golombek et al., 1999). These latter reactions of PEP carboxylase and MDH to support rapid synthesis of are important because the seed-enhanced PEP carboxylase is amino acids and seed storage proteins. Indeed, the soybean
strongly activated by glucose-6-phosphate, whereas aspartate, glutamate, and malate are inhibitors of the enzyme (Golombek I Manuscript received 13 March 2001; revision accepted 19 June 2001.
et al., 1999). In addition, oxalate is known to accumulate in
This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Gi
developing soybean seeds (Ilarslan et al., 1997). Oxalate is a
15417-1). Joint contribution of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics
potent inhibitor of pyruvate kinase, an enzyme that competes
Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa (Journal Paper 5-18705; Projects 3352 and 3412) and the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research directly with PEP carboxylase for the utilization of PEP Service, Corn Insects, and Crop Genetics Research Unit. The mention of a (Smith, Knowles, and Plaxton, 2000). Coordination of these trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty
various metabolic activities is under stringent metabolic con-
of the product by Iowa State University or the USDA and does not imply its
trol and helps regulate the availability of precursor molecules
approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. Author for reprint requests (telephone: 515-294-7378; FAX: 515-294- needed for protein synthesis and seed maturation (Plaxton, 2299; e-mail: email@example.com). 1996; Sakano, 1998; Weber et al., 1998; Golombek et al.,
1999). Sucrose synthase is reported to perform a vital role in this coordination process (Craig et al., 1999).
Many legumes produce a chloroplastic MDH that requires nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH). Also, legumes produce nicotinamide adenine nucleotide (NADH)- dependent MDHs that are destined for the cytosol, glyoxy- somes, peroxisomes, mitochondria, and apparently the chlo- roplast (Gietl, 1992; Berkemeyer, Scheibe, and Ocheretina, 1998). Serologically, the mature glyoxosome and peroxisome MDHs are indistinguishable (Miller et al., 1998). Recently, a very active NADH-specific nodule-enhanced malate dehydro- genase (neMDH) was identified in alfalfa and pea nodules (Miller et al., 1998; Fedorova, Tikhonovich, and Vance, 1999). Low levels of neMDH were detected in most nonnodular tis- sue.
The broad objectives of our studies were to (1) clone and sequence several of the MDH genes present in soybean (Im- sande et al., 2001) and (2) identify, if possible, the function of each of the cloned MDHs through amino acid sequence analysis of the putative transit peptides and mature proteins, as well as the relative abundance of the mature protein in different tissues. The clone encoding the MDH described in this report was isolated from a soybean genomic library. This MDH lacks introns and is physically linked to geranylgeranyl hydrogenase (ggh), an enzyme involved in the synthesis of chlorophyll, tocopherol, and phylloquinone (Keller et al., 1998). The derived amino acid sequence of this soybean MDH is highly similar, in terms of transit peptide and mature sub- unit, to the neMDH from alfalfa, which also lacks introns (Miller et al., 1998). We show that the in vitro synthesized neMDH precursor protein was imported into the stroma of spinach chloroplasts and processed to the mature subunit. Be- cause the mature MDH subunit also is very similar to the plastidic NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase from Arabidopsis (Berkemeyer, Scheibe, and Ocheretina, 1998), we used the respective Arabidopsis antibodies for western blot analysis of the different soybean tissues.
Isolation and characterization of genomic clones encoding a novel malate dehydrogenase and a geranylgeranyl hydrogenase-Genomic DNA of the soybean line T322 (Groose, Weigelt, and Palmer, 1988) was double-digested with EcoRI and XbaI and cloned into the EcoRI-site of the 1ambdaZAPII- vector (Stratagene, La Jolla, California). Preliminary experiments had shown that the mitochondrial MDH (mMDH) sequences did not contain an internal XbaI-site. The library was screened by hybridization to a watermelon mito- chondrial malate dehydrogenase cDNA clone (Gietl, Lehnerer, and Olsen, 1990). Positive phage clones were converted into the plasmid vector p-Bluescript SK by in vivo-excision according to the manufacturer's instructions and sequenced. In addition to several clones coding for mitochondria1 malate dehydrogenases (Imsande et al., 2001), one clone was identified with a 7.7- kb (kilobase) insert. It had an internal 4.8-kb XbaI-fragment coding for the C-terminal part of the geranylgeranyl hydrogenase and the full-length ne-MDH. Both proteins were read from the same DNA strand. This 4.8 kb XbaI fragment was flanked on both sides by a 2.5 kb EcoRI-XbaI fragment and by a 0.45 kb XbaI-EcoRI fragment, respectively. Due to our cloning strategy, we assumed that these EcoRI-XbaI fragments probably belonged to different parts of the genome and became linked to the internal XbaI fragment as cloning artifacts. To obtain the complete coding region of the geranylgeranyl hydrog- enase, the 530 bp (base pair) region of the 4.8-kb XbaI fragment that con- tained the partial coding sequence and the intron (bases 733 to 1262 of the final sequence GenBank accession number GBAN-AF068686) was used as a probe. (The prefix GBAN- has been added to each GenBank accession to link the online version of American Journal of Botany to GenBank but is not part of the actual accession number) After labeling with Digoxigenin-dUTP by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, the probe was used for screen- ing a commercial genomic library of 9 to 23 kb Sau3A partial restriction fragments of soybean DNA (Glycine max., cultivar Williams 79; Clontech, Palo Alto, California, USA) constructed in the lambda-FIXII-vector (Strata- gene). A 5.5-kb DNA fragment was sequenced and found to contain the com- plete coding region of geranylgeranyl hydrogenase and the complete gene of the neMDH.
In vitro transcription and translation of neMDH and import into isolated chloroplasts-The region encoding pre-neMDH corresponding to nt 3436- 4714 of the database entry GBAN-AF068686 was amplified via PCR using Pfu polymerase and the primer pair (5'-att gtt tgt atc aca ggc tga gat ggc agc- 3') and (5'-ccc gtt gaa aaa aaa tta agc agc aac agc-3'). (Start and stop codons are shown in boldface type.) The 1279-bp PCR-product was cloned into EcoRV digested pBSK, resulting in the clone pNEMDH8. After control se- quencing, pNEMDH8 was used for coupled in vitro transcription/translation using TNT Coupled reticulocyte Lysate System (Promega, Heidelberg, Ger- many) with T7-RNA-polymerase in the presence of (35S)methionine according to the manufacturer's instructions. 35S-labeled precursor protein was used for import experiments into isolated spinach chloroplasts as described (Weber et al., 1995). After pretreatment with thermolysin, the chloroplasts were recol- lected and fractionated into the envelope membranes and thylakoids and stro- ma according to Fliigge et al. (1989). The samples were subsequently ana- lyzed by SDS-PAGE (Laemmli, 1970) with acrylamide concentrations of 2.5% (stacking gel) and 12.5% (resolving gel) followed by autoradiography.
Protein extraction and western analysis-For preparation of clarified ex- tract, various soybean tissues were ground in liquid nitrogen and extracted with 1 mL of extraction buffer (20 mmollL Tris-HCL, 5 mM Na-ascorbate, 2 mmol/L EDTA, 1 mmol/L benzamidine, 1 mmol/L -amino-n-caproic acid,
0.5 mmol/L Pefabloc SC, pH 8.0) per gram of powdered tissue. The homog- enate was incubated on ice for 15 min and then centrifuged at 20000 X g for 20 min to remove cell debris. Protein was quantified (Bradford, 1976) using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a standard, and aliquots of 50 pg protein were analyzed on 12% SDS-PAGE according to Laemmli (1970). Preparation of protein blots with subsequent immunodetection was as described elsewhere (Graeve, von Schaewen, and Scheibe, 1994). An isoform- specific polyclonal rabbit antiserum, raised against E. coli-expressed plastidic NAD-MDH from Arabidopsis (Berkemeyer, Scheibe, and Ocheretina, 1998), was used for the detection of NAD-MDH from soybean.
Cloning and sequence analysis of geranylgeranyl hydrogenase and a novel malate dehydrogenase-A soybean genomic library was screened using the watermelon mMDH cDNA (Gietl, Lehnerer, and Olsen, 1990) as a probe. A 4.8- kb fragment was detected, cloned, and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed that this fragment encoded two proteins, the C-terminal portion of geranylgeranyl hydrogenase (ggh) and a complete MDH protein. Both proteins were read from the same DNA strand. Subsequently, the genomic library was suc- cessfully screened for the 5'-portion of the ggh gene and a continuous fragment composed of 5528 bp was isolated (AF068686).
In both the 4.8 and the 5.5 kb DNA fragments, the ggh coding sequence was interrupted by a single intron. This intron was composed of 309 bp and contained an imperfect 75 bp inverted repeat (i.e., 150 bp) that shows 63% identity. The AUG (translation start codon) for the ggh protein resided 93- 95 bp from the 5'-end of the coding strand of the 5.5-kb frag- ment. Hence, it is unlikely that the complete ggh gene has been isolated. The putative ggh protein encoded by the 5.5-kb
10 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0
* .. .* . *****. . * .*.. ************ *** *
80 9 0 10 0 110 12 0 130 14 0 150
*.**.*.****** ************ ** ** ******* *********. * **.*** ***** ****
160 170 180 190 200 210 220
** ***.** * **** * * *** * .. *************.** * *
230 240 250 2 6 0 270 280 290 300
*** ********... . ** **. *************** ***** *********. -* ** .* * **
3 10 3 2 0 3 3 0 340 350 360 370
*. ** *****************. ********** *** *********** ***** ** * * *
380 390 4 0 0 4 10 420 430 440 45 0
**..*. .*** * ** ***.**.****. ******** * ***.******** * * ** * .*
IGSLVRANAIRREMNKLNV Glycine mu (GBAN-AF068686)
VGSLVRAYGLRREMEKIEA Mesembryanthemum cristallinum (GBAN-AF069318)
IGSLVRANALRREMDKLSV Nicotiana tabacum (GBAN-AJ007789)
IGSLVRANALRREIEKLSV Arabidopsis thaliana (GB AN-Y14044)
IGSLLRGNALAP-------Synechocystis sp. (GBAN-X97972)
Fig. 1. Alignment of the geranylgeranyl hydrogenases from Glycine max (GBAN-AF068686), Mesembryanthemunz cristallinum (GBAN-AF069318), Nicotiana tabacum (GBAN-AJ007789), Arabidopsis thaliana (GBAN-Y14044), and Synechocystis sp. (GBAN-X97972). Letters presented are the standard abbre- viations for the 20 amino acids, the order of which in the protein is indicated by the numbers. Identical amino acids are marked with an asterisk (*), similar amino acids (i.e., acceptable replacements) with a dot (.).
fragment was composed of 462 amino acids, -50 of which similar to the ggh produced by Synechocystis (GBAN
constitute an apparent transit peptide (GBAN-AAD28640). CAA66615; Addlesee et al., 1996) (Fig. 1). Although the pu-
The mature putative protein encoded by the 5.5 kb fragment tative transit peptides for the geranylgeranyl hydrogenases
(i.e., amino acid residues 51-462) was 91% identical and 95% from Arabidopsis, tobacco, and soybean were all 44-50 amino
similar to the putative ggh protein from tobacco (GBAN- acids residues in length and rich in serine, their sequence sim-
CAA07683), 87% identical and 94% similar to the ggh from ilarities were generally 40%.
Arabidopsis (GBAN-CAA74372; Keller et a]., 1998), 87%
identical and 92% similar to the ggh from Mesembryanthemum Properties of the plastidic MDH-The AUG start codon
ctystallinum (GBAN-AAC19396), and 68% identical and 79% for the novel plastidic MDH was located 1678 bp downstream
**.*******.***. * *.** *.* *** * ***** ***
GmneMDH.pep MA-AAPAATFTIGTTGSLGQRGNSLPQLKSSGLKFNSQNHLKSFCGLKAMSSVRCESESSF
MsneMDH.pep MAAAAS-ATFTIGTT----QTGRSLPQSSPFGLKFNSQVNFNTFSGLKAMPSLRCDSESSF
PsneMDH.pep MATAASAATFSIGTA----QTGRSLSPSNPFGFKSNSQVN---FSGLKAM--------SSF
At MDH.pep MATATSASLFSTVSSSYSKASSIPHSRLQSVKFNSVPS-----FTGLKSTSLISGSDSSSL
**.*..*. *. .. . . * .*** **.
7 0 8 0 9 0 100 110 120
* * *****.** ** *** .* ***
GmneMDH.pep LVNKTGAALRASFASKAQKENDQNFNYNSQPQASYKVAVLGAAGGIGQPLALLIKMSPLI
MsneMDH.pep SGKETCAALRATFAPKAQKEN-RNLTRNLQPQASYKVAVLGAAGGIGQPLALLIKMSPLV
PsneMDH.pep SGNETCAALRATFAPKAVKEN-QNRNHILQPQASYWALLGAAGGIGQPLALLIKMSPLV
At MDH.pep TKTLRGSVTNAQTSDKKPYGFKIN--------ASYKVAVLGAAGGIGQPLSLLIKMSPLV
* * * ............................
130 14 0 15 0 160 170 180
GmneMDH.pep SDLHLYDIANVKGVAADISHCNTPSQVRDFTGASELANCLKSVNVWIPAGVPRKPGMTR
MsneMDH.pep SDLHLYDIANVKGVAADISHCNTPSKVLDFTGASELANCLKGVDVWIPAGVPRKPGMTR
PsneMDH.pep SDLHLYDIANVKGVAADISHCNTPSKVADFTGAAELANCLKGVDVWIPAGVPRKPGMTR
At MDH.pep STLHLYDIANVKGVAADLSHCNTPSQVRDFTGPSELADCLKDVNVWIPAGVPRKPGMTR
........................... ************* * ****************
190 20 0 210 220 2 3 0 240
GmneMDH.pep DDLFNINAGIVRDLVSAVADNSPDAFIQIISNPVNSTVPIAAEVLKQKGVYDPKKLFGVT
MsneMDH.pep DDLFNINAGIVRDLVTAVADNCPNAFIHIISNPVNSTVPIAAEILKQKGVYDPKKLFGVS
PsneMDH.pep DDLFNINAGIVRDLVSAVADNCPGAFIHIISNPVNSTVPIAAEILKQKGCYDPKKLFGVS
At MDH.pep DDLFNINANIVKTLVEAVAENCPNAFIHIISNPVNSTVPIAAEVLKKKGVYDPKKLFGVT
******** ****** ***** * ........................ *********.
250 260 270 2 8 0 290 300
GmneMDH.pep TLDWRANTFVAQRKNLKLIDVDVPWGGHAGITILPLLSKTKPSASFTDEEIEELTVRI
MsneMDH.pep TLDVVRANTFVAQKKNLRLIDVDVPWGGHAGITILPLLSKTKPSVSFTDEEIEELTVRI
PsneMDH.pep TLDWRANTFVAQRKNLRLIDVDVPWGGHAGITILPLLSKTKPSASFTDEEIEELTVRI
At MDH.pep TLDWRANTFVSQKKNLKLIDVDVPVIGGHAGITILPLLSKTKPSVNFTDEEIQELTVRI
************* *** ........................... **************
310 3 2 0 330 3 4 0 350 360
GmneMDH.pep QNAGTEWEAKAGAGSATLSMAYAAARFVESSLRALDGDGDVYECSYVESDLTDLPFFAS
MsneMDH.pep QNAGTEWEAKAGAGSATLSMAYAAARFVESSLRALDGDADVYECSFVQSDLTDLPFFAS
PsneMDH.pep QNAGTEWEAKAGAGSATLSMAYAAARFVESSLRALDGDADVYECSYVQSDLTDLPFFAS
At MDH.pep QNAGTEVVDAKAGAGSATLSMAYAAARFVESSLRALDGDGDVYECSFVESTLTDLPFFAS
....................................... ....................
370 380 390 4 0 0 410 420
GmneMDH.pep RVKLGRKGVEALIPSDLQGLTDYEQKALESLKPELMASIEKGIAFAQKQAVAA(GBAN-AF068686)
MsneMDH.pep RVKIGRKGVEALIPTDLQGLSEYEQKALEALKPELKASIEKGVAFAQKQTVTA (GBAN-AF020273)
PsneMDH.pep RVKIGRKGVEAFIPTDLQGLSEYEQKALEALKPELKASIEKGVAFAQKQTWA (GBAN-AF079850)
At MDH.pep RVKIGKNGLEAVIESDLQGLTEYEQKALEALKVELKASIDKGVAFANKPAAAAAN(GBAN-Y13987)
................................... ******.******.*.*
Fig. 2. Alignment of the nodule-enhanced malate dehydrogenases (neMDH) from Glyine max (GBAN-AF068686), Medicago sativa (GBAN-AF020273), and Pisum sativum (GBAN-AF079850) with plastid NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase from Al-abidopsis (Y13987). Letters presented are the accepted abbreviations for the 20 amino acids, the order of which in the protein is indicated by the numbers. For the transit peptides of the three neMDHs, identical amino acids are indicated by an asterisk (*) above the sequence, whereas similar amino acids (i.e.. acceptable replacements) are indicated by a dot (.).Symbols for identical and similar amino acids for all four transit peptides and the four MDHs are shown below the sequences.
from the UGA (translation stop codon) for ggh. An imperfect to the putative neMDH from Pisum sativum (GBAN226-bp inverted repeat (i.e., 552 bp), which showed 59% iden- AAC28106), 91% identical and 96% similar to the neMDH tity, resided approximately midway between the ggh stop co- from Medicago sativa (GBAN-AAB99757), 87% identical and don and the malate dehydrogenase AUG start codon. The 94% similar to the chloroplastic NAD-MDH from Arabidopsis AUG start of MDH was located at 3468 bp. The UAA stop (GBAN-CAA74320; Berkemeyer, Scheibe, and Ocheretina, codon is located at 4707 bp. As indicated by alignment with 1998), and 65% identical and 78% similar to the glyoxysomal other MDH sequences, no introns were present in this 1239 MDH from soybean (GBAN-P37228; Guex et al., 1995). Only bp reading frame. Thus, a putative protein of 413 amino acids two transit peptides found in GenBank showed similarity to was encoded by this MDH gene. Alignment with other MDH that of the novel MDH described in this report. The 95-amino sequences indicated that the putative MDH protein bears a acid transit peptide of the novel MDH was 64% identical and transit peptide of -95 amino acids, whereas the mature protein 72% similar to that of the neMDH from Medicago sativa and would contain 3 17 amino acids residues (GBAN-AAC24855). 53% identical and 58% similar to that of the neMDH from The mature MDH protein was 92% identical and 96% similar Pisum sativum (GBAN-AAC28106) (Fig. 2). On the other
from the UGA stop codon of ggh. Although the deduced ami- no acid sequence of this MDH is 92% identical to that of the putative neMDH from pea (GBAN-ACC28106; Fedorova, Tikhonovich, and Vance, 1999) and 91% identical to that of alfalfa (GBAN-AAB997.57; Miller et al., 1998), its functions remain speculative. Nodulated pea and alfalfa plants are amide (i.e., asparagine) transporters, whereas nodulated soybean plants are ureide transporters. The reaction sequence for am- monia assimilation in nodulated pea and alfalfa would require a rapid rate of asparagine synthesis (Fedorova, Tikhonovich, and Vance, 1999; Trepp et al., 1999), whereas a nodulated soybean plant would require a rapid rate of ureide synthesis that occurs predominantly in the plastids (Atkins and Beevers, 1990). Ureide synthesis requires glutamine for the synthesis of phosphoribosylamine, glycine for the synthesis of glyci- namide ribonucleotide, a second molecule of glutamine for the synthesis of formylglycinamidine ribonucleotide, aspartate for the synthesis of aminoimidazole ribonucleotide, and two mol- ecules of serine as formyl donors (Atkins and Beevers, 1990).
In most plant tissues, primary ammonium assimilation is accomplished by the sequential action of glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT). Nodule-enhanced iso- forms of both enzymes occur in several legumes. In contrast to the ferredoxin-dependent (Fd) GOGAT of photosynthetic tissues, the nodule-specific GOGAT is NADH-dependent. Be- cause both Fd-GOGAT and NADH-GOGAT are localized in plastids (Trepp et al., 1999), the novel NAD-MDH present in plastids of soybean may provide the NADH needed for the GOGAT reaction. Simultaneously, oxaloacetate is generated that may serve as an ammonium acceptor for the aspartate transaminase reaction.
Because the dry mass of a soybean seed is typically -6% N (Imsande, 1989), a soybean plant transports very large amounts of N to its developing seeds. Asparagine and gluta- mine are frequently the most abundant N-source found in the phloem entering developing seeds of many large-seeded le- gumes (Miflin and Lea, 1977; Pate, Peoples, and Atkins, 1984). In nodulated ureide producers such as soybean, allan- toin and allantoic acid also are usually present both in the xylem and the phloem. During reproductive growth, most of the ureide-N transported in the xylem to vegetative tissue is released as ammonia, whereupon it is re-assimilated, yielding asparagine and glutamine to be transported to the filling pods. Regardless of whether the phloem-borne-N that reaches the pods and developing seeds is an amide or ureide, much of the nitrogen is released as ammonia. Subsequently, rapid ammonia assimilation and amino acid synthesis is required to support protein synthesis. In turn, an abundant supply of 2-keto-a~- ceptor molecules, such as TCA-cycle intermediates oxaloace- tate and 2-oxoglutarate, are required for ammonia assimilation. Thus, the plastid-targeted soybean MDH, in conjunction with PEP carboxylase and other enzymes, might contribute directly to ammonia assimilation in pods and seeds (Ilarslan et al., 1997; Sakano, 1998) as well as in root nodules. Hence, it is proposed that the novel plastid-targeted NAD-MDH of soy- bean be considered a pod-enhanced MDH and a seed-enhanced MDH as well as a nodule-enhanced NAD malate de- hydrogenase.
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GIETL,C. 1992. Malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes: cellular localisation and role in the flow of metabolites between the cytoplasm and cell organelles. Biochimica Biophysica Acta 1100: 217-234.
GIETL, C., M. LEHNERER,AND 0. OLSEN. 1990. Mitochondria1 malate de- hydrogenase from watermelon: sequence of cDNA clones and primary structure of the higher plant precursor protein. Plant Molecldlar Biology
S., U. HEIM, C. HORSTMANN, AND H. WEBER. 1999. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in developing seeds of Vicia faba L.: gene expression and metabolic regulation. Planta 208: 66-72.
GRAEVE,K., A. VON SCHAEWEN,AND R. SCHEIBE. 1994. Purification, char- acterization, and cDNA sequence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). Plant Journal 5: 353-361.
GROOSE,R. W., H. D. WEIGELT, AND R. G. PALMER. 1988. Somatic analysis of an unstable mutation for anthocyan pigmentation in soybean. Journal of Hereditj 79: 263-267.
GUEX, N., H. HENRY, J. FLACH, H. RICHTER, AND E WIDMER. 1995. Glyox- ysomal malate dehydrogenase and malate synthase from soybean coty- ledons. Planta 197: 369-375.
HATA, S., K. IZUI,AND H. KOUCHI. 1998. Expression of a soybean nodule- enhanced phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase gene that shows striking similarity to another gene for a housing-keeping isoform. Plant Journal
13: 267-273.
ILARSLAN,H., R. G. PALMER, J. IMSANDE, AND H. T. HORVER. 1997. Quan- titative determination of calcium oxalate and oxalate in developing seeds of soybean (Leguminosae). American Journal of Botany 84: 1042-1046.
IMSANDE,J. 1989. Rapid dinitrogen fixation during soybean pod filling en- hances net photosynthetic output and seed yield: a new perspective. Agronomy Journal 81: 549-556.
IMSANDE,J., J. PITTIG,R. G. PALMER, C. WIMMER, AND C. GIETL. 2001. Independent spontaneous mitochondria1 malate dehydrogenase null mu- tants in soybean are the result of deletions. Journal of Heredity 92: 333-
KELLER,Y., E BOUVIER, A. D'HARLINGUE, AND B. CAMARA. 1998. Meta- bolic compartmentation of preuyllipid biosynthesis: evidence for the in- volvement of a multifunctional geranylgeranyl reductase. European Jour- nal of Biochemistry 251 : 413-417.
LAEMMLI,U. K. 1970. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227: 680-685. MIFLIN,B. J., AND P. J. LEA. 1977. Amino acid metabolism. Annual Review of Plant Physiology 28: 299-329.
MILLER,S. A,, B. T. DRISCOLL, R. G. GREGERSON,J. S. GANTT, AND C. P. VANCE. 1998. Alfalfa malate dehydrogenase (MDH): molecular cloning and characterization of five different forms reveals a unique nodule-en- hanced MDH. Plant Journal 15: 173-184.
PATE,J. S., M. B. PEOPLES,AND C. A. ATKINS. 1984. Spontaneous phloem bleeding from cryopunctured fruits of a ureide-producing legume. Plant Physiology 74: 499-505.
PLAXTON,W. C. 1996. The organization and regulation of plant glycolysis. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology 47: 185-214.
PUEPPKE, S. G., AND J. H. PAYNE. 1987. Responses of Rj, and rj, soybean isolines to inoculation with Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Plant Physiology
84: 1291-1295. SAKANO,K. 1998. Revision of biochemical pH-stat: involvement of the al- ternative pathway metabolism. Plant Cell Physiology 39: 467-473.
SCHULLER,K. A,, D. H. TURPIN, AND W. C. PLAXTON. 1990. Metabolic regulation of partially purified soybean nodule phosphoenolpymvate car- boxylase. Plant Physiology 94: 1429-1435.
SMITH,C. R., V. L. KNOWLES,AND W. C. PLAXTON.2000. Purification and characterization of cytosolic pyruvate kinase from Brassica napus (rapeseed) suspension cell cultures: implications for the integration of gly- colysis with nitrogen assimilation. European Journal of Biochemistty
267: 4477-4485.
TREPP, G. B., D. W. PLANK, S. GANTT, AND C. P. VANCE. 1999. NADH- glutamate synthase in alfalfa root nodules: immunocytochemical locali- zation. Planr Physiology 119: 829-837.
D. L. ROBINSON, GANTT. 1994. Primary assimilation of nitrogen in alfalfa nodules: mo- lecular features of the enzymes involved. Plant Science 101: 51-64.
WATERS,J. K., B. L. HUGHES,L. C. PURCELL,K. 0.GERHARDT,T. P. MAWHINNEY,AND D. W. EMERICH. 1998. Alanine, not ammonia, is excreted from N,-fixing soybean nodule bacteroids. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA 95: 12 038-12 042.
WEBER,A,, E. MENTLAFF, B. ARBINGER,C. ECKERSKORN,AND U. I. FLUGGE. 1995. The 2-oxoglutarate/malate translocator of chloroplast envelope membranes: molecular cloning of a transporter containing a 12-helix mo- tif and expression of the functional protein in yeast cells. Biochemistty
34: 2621-2627.
WEBER,H., S. GOLOMBEK, U. HEIM,L. BORISJUK,R. PANITZ, R. MANTEUFFEL, AND U. WOBUS. 1998. Integration of carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism during legume seed development: implications for storage product synthesis. Journal of Plant Physiology 152: 641-648.

subset: commoncrawl


text: Kenya's main electric power generator, KenGen raised 26.6 billion shillings through its inaugural public infrastructure bond offer. This is 77 per cent above the 15 billion shillings it had targeted to collect through the bond offer. And contrary to outcomes in past investment offers, all the 2,715 retail investors who participated in the offer will receive what they applied for in full.


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|Message view
|« Date » · « Thread »
|« Date » · « Thread »
|"Roy T. Fielding" <field...@apache.org>
|Re: [PROPOSAL] Apache Incubator Sandbox
|Tue, 14 Jan 2003 21:20:36 GMT
>> The committers module in cvs exists for committers to write things >> that >> are not currently intended to be distributed to the public, but which >> may be some day. > > Really? who decided that? [not being pushing, just curious] It was part of the conversation around creating the module. I can't remember where that was because too many new lists were created in the same timeframe. Committers needed a shared information space that was not subject to project control. By definition, any shared space that does not have a PMC cannot distribute software on behalf of Apache. Only a PMC and the board can do that. ....Roy
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"It's was my pleasure to attend the course Digital Marketing Diploma it was very successful for me and reach my expectation as worker in the media field Marketing Manager Iqraa TV.
Also, I really recommend this course to all people who work and interest about the marketing and digital marketing, for people who ask what next"
"Thank you for an excellent Digital Marketing Diploma training course. You have provided us with a new knowledge about different Digital Marketing and its importance for different companies' sizes"
Abdullah Alool , Marketing & PR Manager
Riyadh Cement Company
"Thanks for the wonderful workshop (Digital Marketing for Executives) @ Jeddah Chamber of Commerce and Industry on Nov 2011. I found your workshop stimulating, informative and thoroughly enjoyable. I can honestly say that your workshop has expanded my perspective and change my approach to Digital Marketing."
Osamah M.S Feda
King Abdul Aziz University


text:
Exquisite 19th century Door Knocker in original blackened finish, with the original hardware, extremely rare and wonderful to find these together. This collectible and beautiful antique door knocker in the form of a lady's hand holding a round knocker or ball is a very heavy cast piece. The hand is well formed and features a feminine decorative sleeve. Stunning original patina, over 100 years of darkening and "softening" of the hand, what you want to see in a decorative piece like this.
Doorknockers were meant to allow the visitor "to take hold of the house, like a handshake." Through the way the door was knocked, it declared the emotion of the visitor, too, like haste, frustration, timidity or confidence. Perfect to add to your collection, or to mount on your own chateau door.


text:
Animal Word Search Printable via
Christmas Color by Number Coloring Pages via
Printable Butterfly Coloring Pages via
Spring Word Search Puzzles via
Ladybug Acrostic Poem via
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Best Word Search Coloring Pages via
Connect the Dots Butterflies via
I Spy Coloring Pages for Kids via
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We are just like you, people who highly appreciate creativity from every one, without exception! Because of that we make sure to keep the original photos without changing anything including the copyright mark. Also, we ensure to enter the owner link where it belongs to be, below each pictures. Many message came to us about the proper right related with the photos on our gallery. If you need to know what is your right, you must contact the website on each images, the reason is we cannot determine your proper right. Do not forget, if there is no watermark does not mean the images is able to freely used without permission.


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Opportunity Details
Children & Youth Education, Schools
Families, Low-income Communities
Tutoring,Mentoring/Youth Development
Age Minimum (with Adult): 16+, Minimum Age:16+
Lunch Buddies: Tutor in Math or Reading at Jane Addams Elementary in Palatine
Who: HandsOn Suburban Chicago (HOSC) needs YOU to help low-income students get the academic support they need to succeed!
What: Lunch Buddies is an in-school tutoring program designed to strengthen the foundational reading and math skills of elementary school students (4th, 5th, and 6th graders). Volunteers will work with small groups of students and under the direction of volunteer leaders and/or program staff.
Where and When: Starting in January 2020, volunteer tutors are needed on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Thursdays from 11:30 am to 12:30 pm at Jane Addams Elementary School (1020 East Sayles Drive, Palatine, IL 60074). Choose and commit to one day or more per week for the school year. Mandatory orientation/training is TBD in January. Volunteers must be willing to undergo a background check.
Why: Tutoring is a fun and rewarding experience. In spring 2017, students, on average, improved their automaticity with multiplication and division facts by nearly 10%. Moreover, volunteers have reported that working with students has boosted their self-confidence and given them an incredible sense of personal satisfaction.
Apply today: http://www.handsonsuburbanchicago.org/tutor
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- Choose an existing team you're already a member or captain of, or
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Watch Stone Online - Get Watch Full Movie Online
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Greencastle — The Greencastle-Antrim Chamber of Commerce invites artisans, hand-crafters, fresh flowers, produce and food vendors to register for "3rd Saturdays in the Square" to be held May through September in and around the Greencastle Square.
Hand-crafted jewelry, hand-sewn items, spring flowers and home-baked treats will be present along with fresh donuts and other fresh food offerings.
The event will run from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. May 18, June 15, July 20, August 17 and September 21.
The fee for artisans and crafters is $25 per event or $100 for all five Saturdays.
The fee for food food vendors is $35 per event or $150 for all five Saturdays.
Interested vendors can register by downloading the online form available at greencastlepachamber.org or by contacting the Chamber Monday to Friday from 8:30 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. at 717-597-4610.
Serving the area since 1955, the Greencastle-Antrim Chamber of Commerce helps members thrive by promoting member prosperity through economic well-being and community vitality.


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A critically endangered (CR) species is one which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.[1]
As of 2014, there are 2464 animal and 2104 plant species with this assessment, compared with 1998 levels of 854 and 909, respectively.[2]
As the IUCN Red List does not consider a species extinct until extensive, targeted surveys have been conducted, species which are possibly extinct are still listed as critically endangered. IUCN maintains a list[3] of "possibly extinct" CR(PE) and "possibly extinct in the wild" CR(PEW) species, modelled on categories used by BirdLife International to categorize these taxa.
To be defined as critically endangered in the Red List, a species must meet any of the following criteria (A–E) ("3G/10Y" signifies three generations or ten years—whichever is longer—over a maximum of 100 years; "MI" signifies Mature Individuals):[4]


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|(Ja:) Demon Man
(En:) Wizard
|Nightmare Soldiers
|Prior forms
|Next forms
|(Ja:) St-990, Bo-553, Bo-880
Doumon is a Wizard Digimon. Versed in Onmyōdō, it is an onmyōji Digimon that freely uses every technique in battle. Its faculty with magic is particularly high, and its specialty is attacks with amulets and spells. Like Taomon, it is a being that lives and lurks within the darkness, but unlike Taomon, it specializes in death-curses and assassinations. Also, it is able to turn its amulets into shikigami and command them.[2]
- Jugonsatsu (呪禁札? lit. "Exorcism Scrolls"): Wreathes its talismans around the opponent's body, then detonates them.
- Hidden Gate Divination (鬼門遁甲 Kimon Tonkou?, lit. "Demonic Gate, Hidden Jia"): Chants an incantation while painting a barrier in the air with its gigantic brush, confining the opponent in an eternal labyrinth from which it can never escape.
- Fog of Confusion (鬼門遁甲・幻惑陣 Kimon Tonkou: Genwakujin?, lit. "Demonic Gate, Hidden Jia: Bewitching Formation"): Chants an incantation that hides its allies from enemy eyes.
The character on its robes reads "Truth" ( "Hūṃ"?).
- Doumon (ドウモン)
Official romanization given by the Digimon Reference Book and used in the franchise.
Digimon FusionEdit
Digimon Heroes!Edit
Doumon is card 5-897.
Digimon World: Next OrderEdit
Doumon is a Dark Data type, Ultimate level Digimon. It digivolves from Devimon, Nanimon, Youkomon and BlackGarurumon and can digivolve into Kuzuhamon, BlackMetalGarurumon, Lilithmon and Piedmon. If the poop gauge hits max, it will digivolve into PlatinumSukamon.
A Doumon is found in Logic Volacno and tasks the Hero to find him three Corianders, three Deep Sea Essences and five Oily Fruit. Doumon then combines them together into a Taoist Charm and gives it to the tamer. Suddenly, the tamer is unable to move, which leads Doumon to feign shock but then "remembers" that a Taoist charm causes humans to be unable to move. He claims it is a fascinating discovery and that he will take advantage of it by performing experiments on the tamer. The charm however suddenly vanishes and Taomon appears which shocks Doumon. Taomon asks if the tamer can move again, then when learning that they can calls the tamer stupid and gullible. Taomon claims that he had been investigating strange data waves, meaning he would eventually discover the evil traces of Doumon. Doumon claims he had eliminated all traces of his evil but Toamon states that because of the two's long shared history, it made it easier for him to discover Doumon and that he and the tamer do not have time to waste on Doumon and that exploiting the kindness of the tamer is extremely evil but that Doumon underestimated Taomon. Doumon states this is hypocrisy as Taomon used to do the exact same thing and can't understand why he has had such a change of heart. Rather than explain though, Taomon tells the tamer to punish Doumon and show him no mercy. Doumon attempts to flee but Taomon erects a magic circle, meaning he has no where to go. The tamer defeats Doumon and Taomon states that antagonising the tamer is a waste of time, to which Doumon agrees. Doumon then gives the tamer two Wisdom Chips then claims he will make sure no other evil Digimon take advantage of the tamer's kindness. Taomon wishes Doumon luck sarcastically, then tells the tamer not to trust every single Digimon they meet.
Digital Monsters D-ProjectEdit
Doumon digivolves from Kyubimon, and can digivolve further into Kuzuhamon.
D-Ark 2.0Edit
Notes and referencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 D-Ark Version 2.0
- ↑ Digimon Reference Book: Doumon


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Remodeled Kitchens Before And After Design
One of the major tasks in creating a plan of remodeled kitchens before and after is to choose among the many products available for these projects. However, free advice from designers and remodelers are available online and in stores for home improvements to help reduce the options and create functional, attractive and kitchens of any size.
The non-structural changes fall more in the remodeled kitchens before and after and decoration. When a planned project to remodel the bathroom, think, time, functions, cost and value, appearance and difficulty. How really see the scope of work? The best place to start if you're not an expert, it is to live in the environment for several months to determine the problems of the role that the room has.
12 Picture Gallery: Remodeled Kitchens Before And After Design
Good remodeled kitchens before and after correct flow problems improve the appearance and increase the overall value. Field work to do before the project start will be in direct relation to what you spending and how remodeling will be finished. Often, a remodel will take years to recover the full investment, but any immediate return on investment of more than 80 percent of the overall cost, it is considered a good investment.
This post topic: Kitchen


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Garden Wedding full of Lilac and Blush
Thinking of setting the date for the Summer? This real wedding from Everence Photography is the perfect combination of soft pastels and outdoor elegant farm venue vibes. These two lovebirds had all the details: a customized dress hanger, alllll the romantic Spanish Moss, and we have to mention the stunning mismatched bridesmaid dresses!
Soft pastel bridesmaid dress selections:
Rose quartz colored tulle dress | French blue tulle dress | Violet grey romantic and flowy dress | Light grey convertible gown | Plum lace dress | Lilac cold shoulder dress
Reagan and Christopher's wedding is truly a magical day at a stunning location covered with mossy trees not to be outdone by the love and emotion of this adorable couple! Shop their look at the bottom of this post...
vendor details
Photographer: Everence Photography | Film Lab: Photovision Prints | Floral Designer: Oneco Florist | Venue: The Lange Farm


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Step Inside the Hawaiian Stunner Wall Street Journal Readers Crowned the 2018 House of the Year
Psst: It's for sale!
It might be fair to say that dream homes come in all different styles—some people prefer mansions; others prefer cottages. Some like city homes, while others prefer the country. But if there's one conclusion we can come to based on the overwhelming victory of the Wall Street Journal's reader-voted House of the Year, it's this: Most people apparently prefer multi-million-dollar Hawaiian villas overlooking the ocean.
Of the more than 270,000 votes submitted for the annual House of the Year contest—which pulls together the world's top real estate listings from the previous year—more than 75 percent were cast for this 5,500-square-foot Kauai estate. And if a gorgeous Hawaiian beach home sounds like a no-brainer, consider its competition: The property beat out 51 other luxury properties from New York to California, 17 of which were waterfront and all of which together had a median price tag of $7 million.
Related: This Tiny Floating Home in the Florida Keys Is Our New Dream Rental:
Heaven in Hawaii, a contemporary four-bedroom house perched on Kauai's south shore, comes in a little steeper, with a listing price of $13,000,000 ($3 million less than its original ask). But the brand-new escape, built for a financier in Arizona, also comes with a whole lot of perks.
Set on 1.46 hilltop acres overlooking the Pacific Ocean, the villa boasts seven spacious patios and a separate open-air yoga pavilion facing the sea. Other blissful alfresco amenities include an infinity pool, hot tub, coldwater plunge pool, multiple outdoor showers, and beautiful tropical gardens that frame the estate.
That zen-inducing design approach continues indoors, where natural materials like warm Sapele wood, honed granite, and stone clad the surfaces. Soaring ceilings and accordion doors welcome in the Hawaiian breezes and connect the indoors and out. Four bedrooms are spread throughout, with a luxurious master suite—complete with its own zen garden, hot tub, and steam shower—placed comfortably away from the others for peace and privacy.
If that doesn't make you want to pack up and move immediately, here's more good news: You don't really have to pack at all, because this getaway comes fully furnished—low-slung modern furniture, antique surfboards and all.
Worth the $13 million? Our vote says yes. The stunning Poipu, Hawaii, property is listed with Susan Higgins of Hawaii Life.


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Step #2: Promotion
Within 365 days of your subscription, you will have to promote the program to at least 3 people from your environment, who will have to register on your behalf, namely to register you as a sponsor.
Each person that joins and declares you as a sponsor will be displayed immediately after the completion of registration in your network tree form, which will then expand in the following manner:
The first 3 people who will enroll to your network will appear as direct successors under your nickname, but all subsequent enrollements will "overflow" from the bottom of the first 3 successors to the next level (like grandchildren) while maintaining the same limit. The choice of the position to be displayed depends on the already registered at this level.The one that has fewer sucessors with be preferred and in case of a tie the oldest will be preferred.
Therefore each subscriber has maximum 3 successors either written by him as a sponsor, either written by a sponsor and "overflowed" you to exceed the limit. This method is called Spill Over 3 X 3.
Each subscriber is displayed under someone else who can be his sponsor but he might also not be.In the event that he is not his sponsor then we call him his guardian. Each subscriber has, therefore, a sponsor and a guardian who may be the same person. The tree that finally appears on the website is of the guardians, in which the subscriber's nickname appears in a small box under the sobriquet of his sponsor.
For a better visual display, you name appears at the top of the tree and every person in your network, who has you as a sponsor are displayed in green while all the others who have a different sponsor appear in blue.
In case you miss the period of 365 days and fail to register 3 subscribers, your subscription will be automatically terminated. The obligation of 3 per subscriber is perpetual and one of the key terms and conditions of the program. That is even if you initially write 3 subscribers, but then one of them terminates their subscription you will have 365 days to cover up for this position.
It is therefore in your best interest to promote the program to as many as you can. Firstly you have to reserve subscribers to avoid danger from the limit of 3) and secondly because your network grows, with all that this entails.
Monitoring your network is via your personal page, in real time. You will know at any time how many have subscribed on your behalf, on their part, and so on. If your account is in danger, you will receive an informational email.
« Join request Reward »


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Registered nurse
Job Status: Active ✓
|Job Type
|Full Time
The team of doctors is looking for a well-organized, dynamic individual who will be required to provide a clinical service to patients. This position requires a person with excellent multitasking skills and who gives attention to detail, with a sound clinical background.
Duties & Responsibilities
Duties will include (but not be limited to) the following:-
Basic reception duties (Answering of phones, appointment bookings, theatre bookings etc.)
Managing patient enquiries and queries
Co-coordinating, booking and typing of theatre lists, call lists and co-ordination of assistants and anaethetists
Recording of medical procedure coding for medical aid submission
Typing of reports, letters of motivations and other medical documents
Completion of medical documents: PPS insurance forms, Medical claim forms, PMA forms, chronic medication forms
Assisting with wound care of patients
Assisting with gastroscopies and Manometry
Mixing of Angised cream for hemorrhoid patients
Stock control of medical devices and appliances
Ensuring compliance with the clinical code of conduct to ensure the accurate interpretation of a patient event.
Desired Experience & Qualification
Matriculation Certificate
Registered Nurse, registered with the South African Nursing Council
A relevant nursing qualification (Diploma in Nursing/ B Cur Degree)
Own transport
Medical industry / surgical experience of 2+ years an advantage
Diploma in Nursing Administration would be an advantage
Strong service delivery orientation
Intermediate in Microsoft Office (Word, Excel, Outlook)
Vericlaim experience would be an advantage
Excellent communication skills
Excellent administrative skills with attention to detail
Work well under pressure
Competent in the demonstration and assessment of some clinical procedures and management of risks
Understanding of the private healthcare industry, its challenges and role players would be an advantage including an understanding of relevant and current legislation as well as the knowledge or ability to learn medical terminology, CPT/ICD coding, technical and clinical concepts and patient services business processes
Understanding of basic financial principles
Computer proficiency and strong administration skills
Clinical skills with the ability to manage the nursing plan


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A wooden bed frame is the best choice for a stylish and easy to use modern bed frame. It is available in few varieties. It is resilient. The colors are strong and offer an enjoyable aim to the space. They have legs with no wheels at the end. They can be dismantled and established once more without much trouble. They are available in variable heights. The higher ones offer a suitable storage area below them. Wooden bed frames are typically made up of teak, wicker or rosewood. One of the most in need modern bed frames is the platform bed frame. This is since it provides you the space of your closet beneath it. Water bed frames resemble the platform bed frame. However they need to be more resilient and ought to have raised edges to hold the heavy water bed on it. Canopy bed frames are the dream bed frames for lots of individuals. It can offer you a fairy tale experience with a modern look. They are available in the form of antique or modern pieces.
Dressers and chests are frequently but not always utilized for saving clothing in the bed room, dressing room, or closet. Since of their structure, these items tend to be utilized to save various kinds of clothing. A chest of drawers is a practical and neat method to keep neatly folded sweatshirts and t-shirts tucked away. Casual pants and jeans fit nicely in them, too. Dressers provide even more variety in storage. If a mirror decorates the dresser, it can also function as a vanity when needed. Dressers and chests do supply similar advantages. Because standard bed room closets don't often have shelving, dressers and chests supply a practical method to shop items that aren't simple to hang up. Dressers do provide a few fringe benefits because they can save a wider variety of items. Nevertheless, chests of drawers provide even more adaptability when utilized for decorating.
How You Can Lose Your Sofas And Be Happy About It
The pieces in a bedroom set have the exact same material finish and color and help to develop harmony and visual connection in the entire bedroom. A very vital element in selecting bedroom sets is the floor area. Before you get sofa mart austin for your home, visualize your bedroom and try to picture how it will appear after setup.
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Everyone now days experience the pressure of a hectic life. And among our favorite is the black leather recliner. Black leather Recliners can be relocated any place of your house so you can have comfort whether you are watching a motion picture or doing some work. Recliners are adjustable. You can change the angle of inclination depending upon how deep you want to get rested on your back. There are wide varieties of leather recliners in the market. They come in various colors, products and designs. However the best is in electric recliners and some are geared up with an integrated massager. Acquiring a recliner is rather simple as long as you have the called for details on the various kinds of recliners. You could want to look on exactly what is the most up to date in terms of exactly what is finest fit for the interior of your work environment or house.
A bed with quilts makes any bed look even more welcoming and cozy. A quilt is a kind of bed cover composed of three layers of fiber. With resilient bedroom sets and gorgeous quilts, make your bedroom a haven of relaxation and convenience.
Secrets And Techniques To Make Your Sofa Mart Austin Look Fabulous
Duvets the most vital component of your bedding collection. The duvet is what keeps your guest cozy, and as a result have to be purchased with factor to consider. A duvet's ability to insulate heat is defined by its tog. The common tog for a winter duvet is considered to be 13.5, but the warmth of the duvet can also be identified by its filling. Hollofibre has the ability to rebound which attains a comfy, plump appearance for your duvets, extremely inviting when it's cold exterior. Organic fillings such a down and feathers are at the more extravagant end of the scale. They do, however, provide the finest source of insulation for the sleeper. For those with allergies, there are manmade alternatives offered.
One should take severe care when picking a creative dresser as it should enhance the general room decoration. Shopping online for dresser has actually made it practical for all to purchase easily and saving time and money. Cheap dresser can also be discovered in wide range however you should not be lured away by the cost and should check toughness of the dresser. You can for that reason look different types of dresser from different websites or business and appropriately choose the best from different devices. With the accessibility of the low-cost dresser you can now have fantastic dressers at your home with the minimum expense. However it is always recommended to check out the internet site of different business prior to positioning and last order.
Dressers and chests are large pieces of furnishings that are utilized to keep clothes and other possessions. They can be discovered in numerous different types of wood including oak, yearn or cherry wood. Dressers and chests can be discovered in a variety of wood surfaces and the curve and manages contribute to a dresser or chest's standard or contemporary design. Dressers and chests can be discovered in bedrooms, however are unconventionally utilized in living room and restrooms for additional storage. Many individuals renovating houses are starting to use dressers as vanities, or are cutting a hole in the top to position a sink. The normal location for a dresser or chest is the room location for keeping clothes. Many individuals also use the top of a dresser or chest for personal or decoration items.
Every Thing I Learned About Sofas I Learned From Mama
Are you useful with a hammer? Skilled with a saw? Possibly you're trying to find a method to get even more area into your kids's bedroom without investing a lot of cash. Bunk beds are your answer. Kids love them, and today, there are simply so many choices offered that will make everyone pleased. Surf the Internet for some credible plans, and start on constructing your own heirloom on the economical for your kids.
Lots of people decorate their bedrooms with Floral Duvet Covers as they highlight the bed that produces more favorable feelings. A stunning duvet cover is a fantastic option for altering the color of you bedding.
How Better Sofas Can Help You Make More Money
When you choose to buy a futon it is more practical to buy a frame that includes its own bed mattress. You normally get a better deal when you buy the frame and bed mattress together, as opposed to looking for a bed frame and futon bed mattress individually. However, if you already have a futon frame then, obviusly, you d be much better to buy a different futon bed mattress. During that case, choose the futon bed mattress with the best quality basing your option on the functions you need. First off, the futon bed mattress have to fit your bed frame exactly. Moreover, if you are just going to cover your bed mattress with bed sheets you put on t neeed to pay the extra for one that is patterned or colored.
Some Air beds are sold with constructed in Pumps, while air beds with constructed in pumps are trusted, these beds are more matched for adults in personal use. Air beds more suitable for kids are double beds and twin size light weigh air beds; an optimal light weight bed is the Intex Double air bed.
The Western futon is based on the Japanese initial, with several major differences. It is almost always put on a configurable wood or metal frame for dual use as a bed and a chair or couch. Typically, the frame folds in the middle, enabling the futon to be used as a couch, and flattens for use as a bed. It is usually filled with foam as well as batting, commonly in several layers, and is commonly much thicker and bigger than Japanese futons, looking like a conventional mattress in size. Western-style futons are an alternative to a bed or other sofa mart austin, and are commonly offered in sets that include the mattress and frame. Futons generally showcase a detachable and replaceable cover, providing them more versatility.
In furnishing a space, color is a very important factor to consider. You need to ensure that the color of your furniture is agreeing with that of the room. Ottomans furniture comes in a variety of color that you can pick from. This makes it possible for you to pick whichever color will rhyme with the color of your room. Shape is typically an element that is neglected by lots of. You need to understand that the shape is a very important aspect that determines whether your room looks crowded or not. It is also important to get the furniture that will fit in a variety of locations. Because the square ottomans are square in shape, it is possible to fit this furniture in a variety of locations without giving the impression that the room is crowded.
Need in the teak furnishings market has created a range of styles to pick from, in addition to finishes. While teak furnishings can be finished with a paint or varnish, it is typically the natural honey gleam that is most extremely preferred. Teak treated with natural teak oil lugs a sheen that whispers sophistication, but similarly admired is the silvery patina of unattended teak. Delegated weather naturally teak will certainly stay challenging and functional while gracefully fading to a softer tone that is chosen by lots of, and requires no upkeep to preserve. Finding the ideal sofa design to match your style, and budget, is simpler than you might have though possible. Kingsley-Bate, a leading producer is teak deep seating and teak sofas, has a huge range of styles that will certainly satisfy any whim. From the Normandy to the Nantucket you are sure to discover just the ideal fit sofa for your indoor or outdoor space.
Lies And Truths They Won't Tell You About Sofas
You might likewise pick your black leather sofas in accordance with the time period you need it to reflect. You can opt for the retro designs which are usually rectangular in their shape and with out any armrest. The sofas with contemporary designs are offered in a broad substantial variety of colors and pleasurable designs. The circular ones may likewise be made use of for resting and the armrest likewise is quiet exceptional. Some are available in zigzag patterns and even spiral shapes. The modern day and the contemporary designs are the ones which have been mainly in demand. They're provided in shiny leather product however they search absolutely advanced and glamorous. So if you want to get a black leather sofa you might go to to the internet and find out the different website that sell these items. In some cases they even present terrific discount rates on their product.
Charm and functionality must not be thought about as 2 principles that can not go hand in hand. It is the basic misunderstanding that items that are gorgeous or stylish looking typically fall brief in the area of performance and functionality. Please bear in mind that this is just a case of generalization. Undoubtedly, both beauty and functionality can fit in solid blend, a greater level is attained. There are a lot of examples that can be presented regarding this however we will certainly be concentrating on a certain item: cedar chests. We will certainly take a look at how both beauty and storage functionality can be incorporated to form something that can be thought about as a work of art that is useful yet possesses aesthetic values.
Children bedroom sets are important piece of furniture to acquire that needs to have much of consideration put into it. You will need to consider a number of different factors prior to going off shopping for the kid's bedroom sets. Even with the truth that you are the one who is going to avail kids bedroom sets, still it is essential that your kids will likewise share their ideas of what kind of bed they such as.
Reasons Why You Should Cherish Your New Sofa Mart Austin
The bed is the most vital bed room sofa mart austin. Make sure you select a bed and thick, firm bed mattress. A bed with upholstered headboards is perfect as these cushioned headboards provide ample back and head support when you should sit up in bed to sit up and enjoy TV, reviewed or just relax drink your morning coffee. Upholstered headboards are offered in a variety of materials like textile, leather, vinyl and faux fur. Textile upholstered headboards are truly comfortable, while leather headboards can look extravagant and advanced.
Toss pillows can have numerous themes such as, yard themes, animal prints, geometric themes, striped and wavy themes and floral themes. You can select any type of toss pillows that suit the design of the space. If the sofa has a bad design embedded on it, then easy however stylish toss pillows can be put on it, to divert focus on the pillows. If extremely bright toss pillows are added, then people are bound to notice the sofa too, so this need to be stayed clear of. Thus, with many various alternatives offered to compensate and modify the result of heavy furniture and monotonous sofas, it is up to you to select the very best designs and themes for your space. Toss pillows can be contributed to any location or on any furniture as long as they improve the look of the space and divert attention far from the monotony and boredom associated with plain colored or neutral colred sofas placed at crucial corners of our home.
Every residence has as many corners as possible, however getting it occupied becomes bit hard for people. For that reason, if people are searching for means to get the vacant part of their homes fulled of some beneficial product, then absolutely nothing can show to be the very best than the corner sofas. These sofas can be quickly fit into the vacant corner areas left in our home, thus, making it a place to relax and casual celebration. With the introduction of modern technologies and materials, the corner sectional is frequently sold in modular systems with additional functions to the couch space. The additional functions could be a day bed on one end, an ottoman or a pop-up foot rest connected to a reclining back. Some sofas also provide small storage areas for outright convenience when unwinding.
What The New Pope Can Tell You About Sofas
Those who are yet to purchase an attractive and charming loveseats for their homes or offices, here is a word of advice for them. Rather of very first choosing a certain piece of loveseat then making it forcefully fit into the living space, it is much better to go the other means round. Initially take a careful look of the area where you want to place the loveseat. Evaluate few other elements likewise, such as the color and style of the atmosphere and the designing of other furniture pieces currently placed during that location. Now, think about all these elements to pick the ideal kind of loveseat. The genuine beauty of a loveseat would get boosted into a living space if it is not cluttered or stuffed along with other furniture pieces. It needs to mix well with other aspects of the atmosphere so that nothing keeps an eye out of place.
In a retail shop you would get recliners for around $1000. But you have to do appropriate study online as well in retailers concerning the price and features offered before you head out to purchase one. Likewise go with the user examines online. You are going to utilize your chair and a half recliner for various things. Make sure it has the best qualities in design and product. It is soon going to become the most preferred seat in your home. I know how tough it is on your body. But if you really wanted to know that secret formula for your convenience, check it out right here at RISER RECLINER CHAIRS. You are simply a click far from getting the best convenience for your life.
People who need to fit their huge creativity into smaller sized houses always suffer while making the most standard options. One such standard thing is the selection and plan of home furnishings. Since your home is little, one has to be quite careful so that it doesn't get ugly. Sectional sofas are frequently the most decided selection by people who have a trouble in arranging things in their living-room. These were created for apartment living, because they can get easily dismantled and moved from one place to another. This very reality made them much more popular amongst home owners and innovative people who have an interest in interior decorating. There are various kinds of sectional sofas, amongst which, the curved sofa is excellent due to its adaptability and originality. Keeping with their standard shape curved that it, sectional sofas are offered in various sizes and shapes, that can be the ideal selection for both little along with bigger living-room. You can select an Ottoman, a love seat, an end chair piece with a right and/or left arm, a chaise, middle chair piece without arms, as well as a rounded sectional sofa with recliner settings. These sofas are offered in various popular materials like leather, microfiber, cotton, jeans, and so on. Curved sofas are offered in a number of types, like self-assembling modular sofas and round sofas. Both these types are quite catchy types. Most designs are not offered in one piece, meanings you have to bring it home and put together the pieces by yourself. This very reality eases moving of these sofas while home shifting. However, you can also get them in one piece, like those quick 'C' shaped or'S' shaped sectional sofas.
From clothing and belts to accessories, they provide adequate room for all your items. You could discover these excellent devices via the internet, or at your local furniture store. To access substantial cost savings, you will need to go to a retail or wholesale outlet. Furniture suppliers concentrate on promos at low-priced rates. Some are for bulk purchases, while a lot of have the tendency to revolve around single buys. With dark red colors, cherry dressers stand for classiness. They will fix up your room with a touch of course. Other colors vary from dark browns to strong black. Even with darker colors, you may see the great woodwork. The majority of grains have unique patterns, based upon the type of wood used. These woods include pine, oak and other high-end materials.
The 3 most popular and commonly secondhand types of recliners are the two-position recliner, the rocker or wall-saver, and the pushback or flex-back. The conventional 2 position recliner is the least expensive and most basic of all types of recliners. Some of its areas are upholstered with real leather like the arm, seat base and leg. One can be bought for less than a hundred dollars. A number of parts such as the back are covered by vinyl, unlike others fully covered with leather. The typical service warranty duration for these recliners is simply one year. There are likewise couple of designs to choose from.
Should Setting Up Sofas Take A Long Time?
There are a number of bedspreads offered in a wide range of colors. These bedspreads are constructed with resilient fibers, and are offered at costs that fit into just about any house budget.
The bedroom sofa mart austin is trendy and well-crafted. Some people nowadays resort to buying contemporary bedroom sets due to the fact that they are distinct and really good to look at. Try surfing the web to canvass rates and to have a sneak peak of the contemporary bedroom furniture available.


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We are all responsible for the protection and care of the environment. This responsibility knows no boundaries. Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI
Our strong partnerships with schools, parishes, organizations and businesses allow us to accomplish and amplify our mission.
If you want to join our growing list of partners
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These Business members support Laudato Si' Project financially through membership and allow us to accomplish our mission. Thank You!


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Almost everyone in the civilized world is an amateur photographer. Great photography has come from almost all walks of life, and not all of the best pieces have come from professionals--some of the greatest photographers on the planet don't get paid for their work. Still, for most of the time since cameras have been around, the majority of great photographs have come from professionals; in large part, only professionals could afford the high-end equipment necessary to handle many situations; only professionals could afford to refine their art with the constant cost of practice--for film and development never have been a cheap enterprise. With the advent of the digital camera, photography has finally become an open source of creative fulfillment even for the non-professional. Amateur photographers need not worry about the cost of learning their art once they have purchased a single, quality digital camera.
Latest Articles
Manatees - Columbus Zoo
Posted on Sep 29, 2003 | Last Updated Oct 31, 2011
Manatee photos from the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium.
manatee photos, manatees, columbus zoo, wildlife photography
Liquid 6teen - Crown - London
Posted on Sep 20, 2003 | Last Updated Oct 31, 2011
Liquid 6teen played at the Crown in London on September 20, 2003.
liquid 6teen photos, rock music, band pictures, crown london
Billiard Club Accoustic Night
Posted on Sep 16, 2003 | Last Updated Oct 31, 2011
Accoustic Night at the Billiard Club on September 16, 2003 with Cringe, Soma and other local artists
billiard club accoustic night, cringe, soma, art of falling, ethos
Jellyfish - Columbus Zoo
Posted on Sep 15, 2003 | Last Updated Oct 31, 2011
Jellyfish photos from the Columbus Zoo by Shawn Olson.
jellyfish photos, columbus zoo, sea life
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Photos of spiders.
spider photos, arachnid photography, predatory insects, insect photography
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Photos of colorful leafhoppers.
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Photos of bees and flies. Also, interesting links.
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3 Digital innovations that can support obstetric care
From virtual reality to wearables, digital innovation has opened up exciting opportunities to offer more personalised obstetric care. We explore three innovations that are changing the way health professionals and patients can manage the pregnancy journey.
1. VR and AR innovation and pregnancy
Advances in obstetric care through virtual reality and augmented reality are starting to surface with programs like The Road To Birth, which offers a detailed, realistic 3D figures exploring the gestation period. It incorporates a pregnancy timeline, key anatomy and circular systems as well as expert commentary from experienced midwives during each stage of pregnancy. Users can also explore the program to investigate the internal changes as the baby develops.
With real-life visuals playing out in real-time, this progressive technology is transforming our current health industry by enhancing a patient's experience, as well as helping health professionals to understand pregnancy in a new perspective.
Innovation Manager, Craig Williams from The University of Newcastle says, "The benefit of an educator being able to utilise VR and AR to teach these complex areas of study is that there is a clear working depiction of the subject right before their eyes, which can be projected and shared with a classroom. Health resources are often a textbook picture, which can lack detail, or a real-life subject, which involves the consent of a third-party."
2. The impact of 'Wellness wearables' on pregnancy and motherhood
The increase of fitness apps, smartwatches and wearables have revolutionised how we receive access to tailored health information. A recent report from the Flurry Analytics, found health fitness app usage has become increasingly popular, growing over 330% in just 3 years. The report also found three quarters of active users engagement with these apps have increased to opening their app at least twice a week.
Purdue University researchers revealed they are developing an app and wearable technology to enable pregnant women to use a smartphone to detect whether they have or are susceptible to a condition that could lead to serious health complications for them or their unborn child.
Funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the team, led by Craig Goergen, an assistant professor in Purdue's Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, are set to develop 'a low-cost automated early detection sensor of preeclampsia,' a pregnancy complication caused by high blood pressure that can cause organ damage and premature birth.
"We hope this will allow us to predict and prevent preeclampsia and reduce the number of children born prematurely each year. This could also reduce the long-term health complications for mothers," Goergen said.
3. Using technology to boost obstetric patient experience
Every touchpoint of a patient's journey when visiting a practice is vital to the patient's overall experience and satisfaction with the practice's ability to offer personalised, quality care. This includes minimising lengthy waiting times – that can be an inconvenience for both the doctor and patient.
Specialist practice management software tools such as Bluechip, can help save time and streamline the booking and patient management system. The software allows for doctors and support staff to oversee all upcoming bookings online, choose from multiple appointment book templates to boost bookings, plus save time by automatically generating custom reports. Importantly, you can simplify the process of reminding patients of their upcoming appointments and reduce no-shows with automated SMS reminders and alerts.


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How to Make My Hacked Wii Have Factory Settingsby J.S. CopperUpdated September 22, 2017
The Nintendo Wii can be "hacked" to allow third-party applications and channels, such as the "Homebrew Channe," on the device. If your Wii has been hacked, Nintendo firmware updates can potentially cause harm to your system. Restoring the Wii to its original factory settings is fairly simple. You must reformat the Wii's system memory.
Power on your Nintendo Wii by pressing the "Power" button on the Wii remote or on the front of the console.
Select "Wii Options" from the main menu. The Wii Options button is located in the lower-left corner.
Select "Wii Settings." Navigate through the settings menu and select "Format Wii System Memory."
Confirm the option to format the system memory. This will delete all user data on the system and restore the Wii to its original factory settings. Once complete, you will need to reconfigure the device.


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Cimex lectularis CH
By buying this product you can get Rs. 1.00 in your wallet for every Rs. 100.00 spent.
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The use of genuine raw materials, back potency and expensive and purest form of alcohol, namely Extra Neutral Alcohol (ENA) make Schwabe India dilutions superior to other dilutions available in the market. Extra Neutral Alcohol guarantees that the dilutions and mother tinctures are free from impurities. Drug potentisation is done using the Hahnemannian method, which was introduced by Dr. Hahnemann himself and followed by Dr. Willmar Schwabe from the beginning.
If you are a doctor, please click here for more information.
It is of use in chronic intermittent fever with great weakness and tiredness with constant inclination to stretch the limbs due to contracted feeling of the tendons.
Head: Headache from drinking alcohol and stimulants. Violent headaches with great anger and violence at the beginning of chills during fever. Very destructive with pain in the right frontal region.
Female: Sharp shooting pains in the vagina extending towards the left ovary.
Fever: Coldness of the body with sensation as of wind blowing on knees. Pains all over the joints, as if the tendons were contracted and short, especially the knee joints. Constant stretching of limbs from shortness of the tendons. Fever without thirst but little during chilly stage. Profuse perspiration with no thirst.
Bowels: Stool hard, dry, knotty like balls from constipation with ulceration of the rectum.
Dosage: Please note that the dosage of single homoeopathic medicines varies from drug to drug depending upon the condition, age, sensitivity and other things. In some cases they are given as regular doses as 3-5 drops 2-3 times a day whereas in other cases they are given only once in a week, month or even in a longer period. We strongly recommend that the medication should be taken as per the physician's advice.
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The information provided herein is not intended to be taken as a replacement for diagnosis, medical advice and treatment, and should not be used during any medical emergency. A Registered Medical Practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Links to other sites are provided for information only and they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Continued use of this website will be considered to be your consent to all the terms and conditions of using this website.
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ADNAN OKTAR: Being the minority is a good thing; think about it in respect of the number of the students of Hazrat Mahdi (pbuh). Why does Almighty ...
|Posted by Mail of Islam on September 2, 2011 at 12:27 PM
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Rotating residents in obstetrics and gynecology
Academic category: Postgraduate residency
Entrees: Qualified doctors in medicine, formally accepted as residents of ObsGyn surgery by IUMS and assigned to HKC for urologic rotation in their third year of training
Acceptance: Through the annual national residency entrance exam, performed by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME)
Capacity: Two per course (aver.)
Duration: One month along the four year training, full time
Site: HKC
Staff: HKC department of urology
Course objectives: See course contents at the IUMS education dep.
Curriculum: See course contents at the IUMS education dep.
Evaluation: Regular internal evaluation by the department of urology and the annual national residency promotion and certification exam
Certification: National residency promotion and certification exam, and the national specialty board certification exam
Record: This program has been running since 1993
No. of rotating residents (until 2004): 203


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The coins in your pocket could be worth much more than you think. Journalism is, by necessity, the art of choice, of deciding what matters and how to present that to audiences. If you're reading this write-up, it is possibly due to the fact you have one or much more podcasts in mind that you'd like to listen to. Here's how to subscribe to these podcasts on your Android device. If you think the £2 coin you have is a mint error, then I suggest you attempt to sell it on eBay and describe it as greatest as you can if you never want to keep it. eBay is most likely the greatest spot to sell any coins as it reaches the widest audiences across the globe.
It has routinely been among or on the best of all daily newspapers in terms of circulation inside the Untied States. Other Asus Zenfone 2 specs incorporate a five.5″ Full HD Show, a 64-Bit Intel Z3580, 13MP Main Shooter/ 5MP Selfie Shooter, a 3000 mAH battery and Android Lollipop. Samsung unveils the Gear S subsequent-generation sensible wearable device with 3G, Bluetooth and WiFI connectivity. If maintaining calendars on two devices is critical to you, Kies is NOT the tool! However, with the introduction in 2013 by the Royal Mint of its Fantastic British Coin Hunt" collector's folders, it appears this perception changed.
To keep your spirits up, it could aid to read some stories about cats coming back house following becoming missing for a while. This technology, which lets applications carry out a lot of tasks simultaneously, elevates a CPU's prospective via advanced multi-tasking power. Hi Lewis, these coins are likely to improve in value if withdrawn from circulation early adequate. I've tried deleting all files > 16 characters, re installed kies, updatingnet framework, attempted every usb drive.
Hanging With Buddies Shop: In the Retailer you can get additional avatars and balloons for the coins which you have earned. Not 65,000 anymore for Olympic £2 coin handover to Rio, the Royal Mint has now updated the mintage figure to show 845,000. It is sickening the way large market usually wins out over overall health issues (in this case, glossy winning out more than matte, which only satisfies the YOUNG BRAWNY men and women of the globe. It really is genuinely intriguing to see what coins are rare. Social media technologies like Twitter are portion of a variety of Internet technologies enabling the disintermediation of news and undermining the gatekeeping function of journalists.
Your Guernsey A single Pound coin (I'm guessing it's a 1983 situation) is definitely intriguing and is a identified Mint Error coin, in which. I put a switch on it so I can alternate amongst cable and antenna ( I am 22 mi. NW of Chicago ) mounted it on a tree 30′ up due to my downslope location. The only other possibility is that they are current counterfeit's (as described above, up to 3% of all £1 coins in circulation, are believed to be counterfeit), capitalizing on the worth of the aforesaid commemorative coins, nonetheless it would be good if they are genuine and if you can not verify their origin, you might think about obtaining them valued/verified by an independent coin dealer.


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- This event has passed.
Brunch on the Base – at the former Officers' Mess
July 21, 2019 @ 11:00 AM - 12:30 PM$25
Decorated in an American theme the Officers' Mess is just the elegant setting for Brunch on the Base; entertainment by the Nelson White Jazz Quartet. Fruit salad, mimosas, French toast, eggs, bacon, sausage, ham, hash browns and a variety of decadent desserts are just some of the choices you'll have. Tickets are limited and available at Debbie's Video and at Eventbrite after June 15.
Brunch is served at 11 am. https://www.eventbrite.ca/e/brunch-on-the-base-tickets-63471904174


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Future Ready Iowa Last Dollar Scholarship
The Future Ready Iowa Last-Dollar Scholarship is an award that covers the remaining tuition and institution-wide mandatory fees after non-repayable state and federal financial aid are applied. The Last-Dollar Scholarship focuses on increasing opportunities for more Iowans to acquire the skills to fill high-demand jobs and meet workforce needs, so it is not based on income but you must fill out a FAFSA by July 1, 2020, to be eligible.
This scholarship is available for any student who wants to earn a post-secondary credential, up to an associate degree, that leads to a job designated as high-demand by the Iowa Workforce Development Board.
Eligible programs:
- Agricultural Operations Management
- Agriculture Technology
- Automotive Service Technology
- Building Trades
- Business Administration
- Business Technology Specialization
- Diesel Technology
- Heating And Air Conditioning Technology
- Industrial Mechanics & Maintenance
- Industrial Systems Technology
- Information Assurance And Security
- Information Technology Specialist
- Management
- Medical Assistant
- Medical Laboratory Technician
- Nursing, Associate Degree
- Physical Therapy Assistant
- Practical Nursing
- Radiologic Technology
- Tool And Die Technology
- Welding
Careers today and in the future require advanced knowledge and/or technical skills. Future Ready Iowa is a state initiative to build Iowa's talent pipeline with a goal of 70% of Iowa's workforce having education or training beyond high school by 2025.
Remember – to be eligible, you must fill out the FAFSA each year.
Contact NIACC's Financial Aid office at 641-422-4168 with any questions.


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In the archives of sound financial advice, saving for a rainy day is a titan, right up there with never bet your last dollar on a horse race, or any other sage old saying. For the good health of any organization, having enough cash in reserve to handle just about any and all problems is imperative. Knowing how much you will need for that rainy day provides even better protection.
That's where reserve studies come into the picture. In the most basic terms, these studies let boards and associations know when elements common to an entire co-op or condo community must be repaired and replaced, and provides an estimate of how much that work will cost. It also includes a plan for how to pay for those repairs by giving an estimate of how many dollars need to be set aside each year to meet pre-determined levels of funding. The money that is put aside is called a reserve fund.
"Reserve studies provide associations with a tool they can use to plan for the future," says Nancy Hastings of MAMCO Property Management in Mt. Laurel. "Getting a reserve study done forces boards and management to take a detailed look [at the future] so there aren't any surprises and no need for special assessments."
The Nuts and Bolts
There are two types of reserve studies: initial and update. As the name suggests, an initial study is the first study done and these days, is most often performed before a community is even built. Update studies are usually done every three years or so after the initial study is completed.
The first step in getting an initial reserve study done is for the association to solicit proposals or quotes from reserve study professionals. At this point, "It's important to make sure the request for proposals accurately reflects what the board or association is looking for," says Mitch Frumkin, reserve specialist and president of Kipcon, an engineering consultant in North Brunswick. "It's important to ensure that the study is in compliance with both national reserve study standards and any statutory requirements."


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VMware Fusion
Allows a Mac user to install Windows on their Mac and switch between Mac OS and Windows without having to reboot. NOTE: The Windows operating system is NOT included with Fusion. You must obtain a licensed copy of Windows separately.
- Mac OS (system requirements)
- Faculty and staff on university-owned computers
- Faculty and staff for home use on personally-owned computers
- Students
- $58 per user
How to Purchase
Contact the IT Service Desk with the following information:
- Software Title
- Quantity
- OHIO ID of individual responsible for the purchase
- Departmental Purchases: Include a departmental account number for billing
- Student or faculty/staff home use: Payment can be made via check or credit card (please do not send credit card numbers via email).
Once we have processed your order, the IT Service Desk will email you a download link.


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Category Archives: Mare Island Naval Shipyard
Are there nuclear weapons in the Bay Area? Yes
The Center for Arms Control and Proliferation has a new Google Earth-based map locating nuclear weapons in the United States. "Are There Nuclear Weapons In Your Neighborhood" lists one site in the SF Bay Area: Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, which … Continue reading
Periscope Photographs of San Francisco Bay
Over at SFGate, Peter Hartlaub has discovered a series of photographs taken from the periscope of the U.S.S. Catfish (SS-339) of San Francisco. Catfish, a Balao-class submarine, was built by Electric Boat of Groton, Connecticut in 1944. Catfish conducted a … Continue reading