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FIXME: Page under construction; some value here now, but not yet complete.
I will add to this as time permits; please bear with me. My intent is to offer advice, complementing the information relating to include file search paths, on circumventing the limitations of MinGW's GCC when installing, and subsequently linking with, user added function libraries.
This Mini-HOWTO further develops the theme introduced by the IncludePathHOWTO, progressing to a complementary consideration of where the MinGW implementation of GCC, (or more accurately, of the linker, ld, which is actually a component of the GNU binutils package), searches for object code libraries. In particular, it address the question: "How do I ensure that the MinGW linker will find my object libraries?"
In the case of header files, we observed that the GCC Manual makes a definitive statement, regarding the search path for header files, yet we also noted that this statement is not applicable to the MinGW implementation of GCC. In the case of libraries, the GCC Manual makes a much less definitive statement, which is paradoxically more applicable to the MinGW implementation, regarding the default search path:
-llibrary -l library Search the library named library when linking. (The second alternative with the library as a separate argument is only for POSIX compliance and is not recommended.) It makes a difference where in the command you write this option; the linker searches and processes libraries and object files in the order they are specified. Thus, `foo.o -lz bar.o' searches library `z' after file foo.o but before bar.o. If bar.o refers to functions in `z', those functions may not be loaded. The linker searches a standard list of directories for the library, which is actually a file named liblibrary.a. The linker then uses this file as if it had been specified precisely by name. The directories searched include several standard system directories plus any that you specify with -L. :
Note: the second paragraph of the above extract is not strictly relevant to the subject of this Mini-HOWTO; I've chosen not to elide it, because it answers another FAQ: "Why do I get undefined reference errors, when the symbols in question are definitely present in the libraries I've specified with -l options?" -- the usual answer is that the -l options have been placed too early in the command line argument sequence. The remainder, and in particular the final paragraph, are pertinent, vaguely indicating that libraries will be searched for in several standard system directories; these will be identified more explicitly in this Mini-HOWTO.
Consulting an Alternative Reference Source
The GNU Binary File Utilities Manual's Perspective
We have observed that the GCC Manual makes no definitive statement, regarding the default directories to be searched for libraries. Since the actual library search is performed by the linker, ld, which is a component of the GNU Binary File Utilities, (more commonly known as binutils), we might hope to find a more definitive statement in the applicable section of the Binutils Manual. Unfortunately, while obviously a useful reference for the GNU Binary File Utilities in general, this manual appears to be equally noncommittal; the only references to be found, to library search paths, are in the Command Line Options section:
: -Lsearchdir --library-path=searchdir Add path searchdir to the list of paths that ld will search for archive libraries and ld control scripts. You may use this option any number of times. The directories are searched in the order in which they are specified on the command line. Directories specified on the command line are searched before the default directories. All -L options apply to all -l options, regardless of the order in which the options appear. If searchdir begins with =, then the = will be replaced by the sysroot prefix, a path specified when the linker is configured. The default set of paths searched (without being specified with `-L') depends on which emulation mode ld is using, and in some cases also on how it was configured. See Environment. The paths can also be specified in a link script with the SEARCH_DIR command. Directories specified this way are searched at the point in which the linker script appears in the command line. :
and in the Linker Scripts / File Commands section:
: SEARCH_DIR(path) The SEARCH_DIR command adds path to the list of paths where ld looks for archive libraries. Using SEARCH_DIR(path) is exactly like using `-L path' on the command line (see Command Line Options). If both are used, then the linker will search both paths. Paths specified using the command line option are searched first. :
while the Environment reference, appearing within the Command Line Options reference, apparently has nothing to say, which is related to this subject.
Determining MinGW's Default Library Search Path
So, if the applicable manuals don't give us any definitive indication of which directories will be searched for libraries, how can we identify where the MinGW tools will search?
The ld manual tells us that the directories searched will be those specified on the command line, using -L options, followed by those specified in the effective linker script, using the SEARCH_DIR script command. We may identify the search directories specified within the default linker script, by running the command:
ld --verbose | grep SEARCH_DIR | tr -s ' ;' \\012
which, with a standard MinGW installation, might produce output similar to:
$ ld --verbose | grep SEARCH_DIR | tr -s ' ;' \\012 SEARCH_DIR("/mingw/mingw32/lib") SEARCH_DIR("/mingw/lib") SEARCH_DIR("/usr/local/lib") SEARCH_DIR("/lib") SEARCH_DIR("/usr/lib")
The first thing we might notice about these, is that they are all specified in the style of POSIX paths; however, since the MinGW tools are all native MS-Windows applications, the linker will be unable to resolve these paths in any manner other than as absolute with respect to the current drive, at the time when the linker is invoked. Thus, even if these directories do exist, (which is unlikely in a standard MS-Windows installation), they may represent different locations, depending on whichever drive the user has made current, at the time when the linker is invoked. (For users of MSYS, they will definitely not be resolved relative to the root of the MSYS virtual file system, even if that is what the user might like).
Now, we have seen that none of its pre-configured search paths seem to be particularly useful as default search paths, for use with the MinGW linker. That may be considered to be a configuration error, (which a future binutils package release may address); nevertheless, it does not appear to present a significant obstacle to operation in practice, since suitable search paths may always be specified using -L options. Of course, any such options which we are required to specify on the command line, can hardly be described as default search paths; however, if we adopt the recommended practice of always invoking ld via an appropriate GCC front-end, then the GCC driver has an opportunity to supply such options, in a manner which may be so described, and in fact, this is precisely what happens.
Thus, we have established that the linker's default search paths have little value, in a standard MinGW installation, but that GCC itself furnishes the effective defaults, by supplying appropriate -L options. To discover what these default -L options are, we might use the command:
gcc -print-search-dirs
If we run this, we will see a sprawling mess of nigh incomprehensible output; some judicious filtering, to extract only the library search paths, normalise them to canonical forms, and present them one per line, can reduce it to a form which is more readily interpreted:
$ gcc -print-search-dirs | \ > sed '/^lib/b 1;d;:1;s,/[^/.][^/]*/\.\./,/,;t 1;s,:[^=]*=,:;,;s,;,; ,g' | \ > tr \; \\012 libraries: c:/mingw/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/ c:/mingw/lib/gcc/ /mingw/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/ /usr/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/ c:/mingw/mingw32/lib/mingw32/3.4.5/ c:/mingw/mingw32/lib/ /mingw/mingw32/lib/mingw32/3.4.5/ /mingw/mingw32/lib/ /mingw/lib/mingw32/3.4.5/ /mingw/lib/ c:/mingw/lib/mingw32/3.4.5/ c:/mingw/lib/ /mingw/lib/mingw32/3.4.5/ /mingw/lib/ /lib/mingw32/3.4.5/ /lib/ /usr/lib/mingw32/3.4.5/ /usr/lib/
Once again, we may observe that this list includes a number of POSIX style paths, which most likely are not relevant for a MinGW installation. If we further filter, to remove the POSIX paths, and keep only the MS-Windows style paths, this list reduces to:
$ gcc -print-search-dirs | \ > sed '/^lib/b 1;d;:1;s,/[^/.][^/]*/\.\./,/,;t 1;s,:[^=]*=,:;,;s,;,; ,g' | \ > tr \; \\012 | \ > grep -v '^ */' libraries: c:/mingw/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/ c:/mingw/lib/gcc/ c:/mingw/mingw32/lib/mingw32/3.4.5/ c:/mingw/mingw32/lib/ c:/mingw/lib/mingw32/3.4.5/ c:/mingw/lib/
From this, we might deduce that GCC will pass each of these paths to the linker, using an appropriate -L option; to verify that deduction, we might use GCC's "-###" option, in a command such as:
gcc -### -o foo foo.c
to reveal exactly what command GCC will pass to the linker; (again, the output is not formatted for easy reading, but some judicious filtering will extract just the -L options, and present them in a form which can be more easily read by humans):
$ touch foo.c $ gcc -### -o foo foo.c 2>&1 | \ > tr -s \\040 \\012 | \ > sed '/^"-L/!d;s,,,;s,"$,/,;:1;s,/[^/.][^/]*/\.\./,/,;t 1' | \ > sed 's,^, ,;1h;1s,.*,libraries:,;1G' libraries: c:/mingw/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/ c:/mingw/lib/gcc/ c:/mingw/mingw32/lib/ c:/mingw/lib/
Oops! What happened there? In these examples, GCC's -print-search-paths option tells us that there are six MS-Windows paths it will search, but only four of those are passed on to the linker, as -L options. Why are all six not passed on?
Well, recall that we arbitrarily chose to ignore the POSIX style paths in GCC's built-in list, when we formulated the list of MS-Windows paths we expected to be searched, but why would GCC itself make such an arbitrary choice? In reality, it doesn't. Let's re-examine that full list of built-in paths, but this time we will filter it on an analytical basis, selecting only those paths which represent actual physical directories on our host machine:
$ ( echo libraries: > drive=`pwd -W | sed 's,:.*,,'` > for dir in `gcc -print-search-dirs \ > | sed '/^lib/b 1;d;:1;s,/[^/.][^/]*/\.\./,/,;t 1;s,:[^=]*=,:;,' \ > | tr \; '\012' \ > | sed "s,^/,$drive:/,"` > do test -d $dir && echo " $dir" > done > ) libraries: c:/mingw/lib/gcc/mingw32/3.4.5/ c:/mingw/lib/gcc/ c:/mingw/mingw32/lib/ c:/mingw/lib/
which, we observe, now exactly matches the list of -L options we see passed to the linker, when we invoke GCC with the "-###" option. Thus, we may refine our previous deduction, to conclude that GCC will examine it's built-in list of pre-configured library search directories, passing on to the linker, in the form of -L options, those which represent actual physical directories on the host machine; therefore, this becomes the list of default library search directories for MinGW.
Installation and Use of Supplementary Libraries with MinGW
When a project uses only the standard core libraries, either as provided by the MS-Windows operating system itself, or those provided as integral components of the MinGW distribution, the user need take no action to ensure that those libraries will be searched at link time; the compiler driver will take care of it automatically. Even in cases where the project relies on optional libraries supplied as standard operating system components, and for which MinGW provides import libraries, the user need do no more than specify an appropriate -lNAME option to the compiler driver, and the library will be linked, as required. In either of these cases, the necessary libraries are located within the default search path, and no particular action is required of the user, to specify where that might be.
Conversely, when a project supplements the standard libraries, with one or more which it creates exclusively for its own use, then those libraries will not be found in the default search path, so their location must be explicitly identified to the compiler driver, to ensure that they can be found at link time. In such cases, in which the libraries are not installed for use by other projects, the most common, and indeed the expected practice, is for the project maintainer to specify the library locations explicitly, by addition of appropriate -L options to the linking commands within the project's build system infrastructure. When this is done correctly, there is again no action required of the user, to specify the location of such supplementary libraries.
The situation becomes much more interesting, when a project provides one or more supplementary libraries for use by other projects. In such cases, there is an expectation that the libraries will be installed in some central location, whence they will become readily accessible when client projects are linked, without a need for any particular intervention by the user building the client project, to specify that location.
On typical POSIX systems, and in particular on those conforming to the GNU model, it is common for the standard system libraries, including those provided as standard components of the compiler suite, to be installed in /lib or /usr/lib, while supplementary libraries may be installed in /usr/local/lib. In fact, as we have already observed, these three locations are already included, by means of SEARCH_DIR("...") commands in the default linker scripts, as defaults to be searched by the MinGW linker; unfortunately, they are specified exactly as such, in the original POSIX format, which cannot be readily interpreted in the file system context in which the MinGW linker must operate! This is a limitation of the MinGW linker, which the user installing supplementary libraries must work around, possibly by adopting one of the following strategies:--
Install in a non-default location, and require every user of the installed libraries to explicitly add the requisite -L options to the linking commands, for every subsequent project which requires any supplementary library. This is inconvenient for subsequent use, and is generally not recommended.
- Install in a location which is already considered to be a default by the compiler driver. This often recommended option is the simplest possible, for both the user installing the libraries, and for those using them. If using MSYS as the command line environment for building and installing the libraries, and the libraries themselves are delivered as GNU standard source packages, such installation may be readily accomplished by the command sequence:
$ ../path/to/configure --prefix=`cd /mingw ; pwd -W` ... && make && make install
(Note: here we explicitly force the use of MS-Windows native path format for the prefix; this is normally necessary, if the libraries being built hard code the prefix within object files).
It may be noted that, in this example, we appear to have arbitrarily chosen the top level lib sub-directory, within MinGW's own installation directory, as the preferred location for installation of supplementary libraries; in reality, of the pre-existing default search directories this is the only sane choice, since the others are much more specifically associated with the component libraries provided by the compiler suite itself, and it is undesirable to pollute them with "foreign" libraries. Indeed, many users also consider it undesirable to pollute the top level MinGW library directory with such "foreign" libraries; such users may prefer the following alternative installation strategy.
Install in a non-default location, just as in the first option, but also customise the linker scripts, or the compiler driver specs, to implicitly add the requisite -L option, such that this location becomes an additional default search path. Available techniques for achieving such customisation will be discussed, in the following section.
Customising MinGW's Default Library Search Path
So, you've decided you would prefer to segregate your add-on libraries from the core MinGW libraries? The first issue to address, is where you would like to install them.
Here, you have two basic options:
Establish a set up, analogous to the common /usr/local hierarchy of typical Unix systems, with all additional libraries, and their associated header files, collected into this one location.
Provide a separate directory for each individual library package, and customise the GCC search paths to consider all of them, as appropriate, when looking for libraries and header files.
It should be fairly obvious that the first of these will require less GCC customisation than the second. In fact, the principles are the same in both cases; however, whereas the first requires the addition of only one include path, (-I option), and one library path, (-L option), the second will require one of each per library package installed, which may be detrimental to GCC performance. Thus, we will describe only the first option in detail; users preferring the second may extend the principles described, as necessary, to accommodate their preference.
Having chosen to install all add-on libraries in a common location, the choice of that location is fairly arbitrary. MSYS users may choose to simply use the conceptual /usr/local of their existing MSYS installation, in which case, they must ensure that that directory physically exists, (it may not in a bare, standard MSYS installation), and they must identify its true native Windows path, for use in the GCC customisation, as shown in the following example, for a standard MSYS installation in its default installation directory:
$ mkdir -p /usr/local $ ( cd /usr/local && pwd -W ) c:/msys/1.0/local
Caution: Although this choice of directory may seem attractive, particularly because it matches the default prefix assumed by the majority of GNU packages, it may not represent the best choice for all MSYS users. This is particularly true for those users who may wish to develop MSYS applications. The special MSYS build of GCC used to compile such applications reserves /usr/local for its own purposes; in this case, it must not be polluted by headers and libraries intended for use with the MinGW build of GCC.
Alternatively, masochists who prefer to persist with cmd.exe, or MSYS users who prefer to keep MinGW related add-ons more closely associated with their MinGW installations, might choose to create an installation directory locally within their MinGW tree:
C:\> mkdir c:\mingw\local
or adjacent to it:
C:\> mkdir c:\mingw-local
Caution: Whichever of these options you choose, please do not choose to create any directory with white space appearing anywhere in its absolute path name. If you adopt this asinine practice, do not be surprised if it turns around and bites. When it does, please do not come here to complain; you have been warned!
Once the tree into which supplementary libraries, and their headers, are to be installed has been selected, and created, the next step is to install the requisite library packages into this tree. In the case of standard GNU library packages, and assuming you have chosen C:\MinGW\local as your supplementary installation path, (MSYS users may refer to it simply as /mingw/local), this may be accomplished from the MSYS shell, by running:
$ ../path/to/configure --prefix=/mingw/local ... && make && make install
(or, if you suspect that the library may hard code its installation path within itself):
$ ../path/to/configure --prefix=`cd /mingw/local ; pwd -W` ... && make && make install
Note: If the library package is not a standard GNU package, you will need to adapt its installation procedure to achieve the effect of the above. Details of how this may be achieved are package specific, and are beyond the scope of this HOWTO.
Finally, having installed supplementary libraries and their headers into the supplementary directory tree, they must be made available to the GCC compilers. Of course, this may always be achieved by adding appropriate -I ... and -L ... specifications to the commands, when the compilers are invoked, but that hardly seems consistent with the level of convenience we are striving to achieve! Obviously, the desired objective can best be met if it can be arranged for the compilers to search in the supplementary tree, by default; this may be achieved by adding the path name for the supplementary include file tree to the compilers' default search paths, as described in the include file search paths HOWTO, accompanied by either of:
Adding the path name for the supplementary library directory to the semicolon separated list of library search directories specified by the LIBRARY_PATH environment variable, (which must be exported, if it is assigned from within the MSYS shell):
$ export LIBRARY_PATH $ LIBRARY_PATH="C:/mingw/local/lib;$LIBRARY_PATH"
Note: The GCC manual states that this technique may be used only when GCC is configured as a native compiler; thus, this method of specifying the supplementary library path may not be used when your MinGW GCC is configured as a cross-compiler. Indeed, it would be illogical to use this technique with a cross-compiler, as it would lead to confusion between those libraries which are specific to the native GCC compiler on the build platform, and those which are specific to the cross-compiler.
Follow the method, as described in the specs file customisation HOWTO, to add a supplementary path to the default library search path.
Note: This method is applicable equally to MinGW GCC configured as a native compiler or configured as a cross-compiler; the additional search path applies only to the specific instance of the compiler with which the modified specs file is associated.


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Follow The Money, A Handbook
You've probably discovered already that if you're interested in following the money in politics, OpenSecrets.org has done most of the heavy-lifting for you. But if you want to dig around in Federal Election Commission data on your own--or maybe you want to research state- or local-level data, which the Center for Responsive Politics doesn't track--then you've found your guide.
Do-It-Yourself Data-Digging
Published by CRP in 1994, this handbook was written especially for journalists by our former executive director, Larry Makinson, who developed the system we use to classify campaign contributions while he was a newspaper reporter. The methods outlined in the selected chapters below apply whether you're vying for a Pulitzer Prize or just muckraking in your town. And if you just want to know more about how our hard-working staff produces the campaign finance research that's on this website, the "Follow the Money" handbook will fill you in.
If you'd like to purchase the entire book--it makes a great textbook for aspiring journalists--please visit our e-store.

subset: commoncrawl


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Published by Ashanti Gracia at Saturday, January 07th 2017 04:29:00 AM in Furniture.
If you think your kitchen is too poorly lit, you might want to consider mounting under cabinet light. It's true, there are several kinds of lighting you could use in a room, be it standing lamp, ceiling lamp, or such. Nevertheless, if you want an elegant look, it's far better to have under shelf lighting. This is not like various other lights. Actually, it's an LED light. What's the distinction between LED with common light bulb? LED light is substantially durable. And also, the lighting is likewise brighter compared to typical light, and the light created is calmer either. Therefore, this is best if you wish to add added lighting in your room to boost sophistication.
First, you can locate under cabinet lighting tape. Yes, it's long and appears like a tape. This is an ideal option if you have lengthy cabinet, and you want to set up every a number of inch of your under cabinet with lighting. Commonly, you could find 12 feet lighting tape for your shelf. There's one type much shorter than that, 8 feet, and it's flexible, so it could comply with the shape of your cabinet. For more whimsical style, there's one with color changing alternative as well. So, every a couple of minutes, the lighting will alter its color.
There's additionally another sort of under shelf electrical with even more angular look. This is excellent if you don't intend to cover nearly the entire surface of your under shelf with lighting. In fact, this LED light appears like a neon light. Yet, it's implied to be mounted under cabinet, with white light. There are some brand names which enable you to dim or bright the light with dimmable feature. And also, it's usually linkable under cabinet light. Fluorescent light fixture is an additional kind you could select. Like fluorescent lights, this LED under shelf type can product solid and bright light.
There are several types of mounting methods which you can locate in led under cabinet lighting tape or various other kinds. They are screw in braces, magnets, keyhole, adhesive brackets, glue, and 2-sided tape. The surface and color is various also; chrome, brown/tan, bronze, brass, black, and light weight aluminum. It can be linkable or no, and it might have slim line or no. It's additionally essential to pick ones with power star licensed, because it indicates eco friendly product, and it will not add much billing expense to your electric expenses on a monthly basis.
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Daily Border Bulletin – Arpaio cited for historic levels of civil rights violations, DHS cuts federal aid, Perry defends Sheriff
Your Daily Border Bulletin is up.
A brief compendium of some of Sheriff Joe's civil rights violations – Sheriff Joe has a long history of controversy, this post highlights some of the worst cited in The Department of Justice Report.
DHS cuts ties with Sheriff Joe – The Secretary of the Department of Homeland Security released a statement announcing that the DHS was revoking the Sheriffs ability to screen for immigrants in jails.
Perry defends Arpaio Texas Governor and Republican Presidential candidate Rick Perry defended the Sheriff.
The New Policy Institute's 21st Century Border Initiative released a major new report researched by The North American Center For Transborder Studies (NACTS) at Arizona State University, "Realizing the Value of our Cross Border Trade with Mexico."
For more on NDN/NPI's work in this area, visit our new website, www.21border.com, and its YouTube site, which features dozens of videos of leaders from the border region talking about the very real challenges and opportunities they face.
- Kristian Ramos's blog
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Voluntary guidelines on land: A milestone in the movement for gender equality
On 11 May 2012 the Committee on World Food Security (CFS) endorsed the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security. The Guidelines outline principles and practices that Governments can adopt, when designing land-related strategies, to ensure equitable tenure rights for both women and men. They were developed through an extensive consultation process, started by FAO in 2009, which brought together members of governments, civil society organizations, nonprofits organizations, farmers' associations and the private sector.
Granting secure land rights to vulnerable farmers enables them to pursue income-earning activities, access credit, increase agricultural production and raise their overall living conditions. These key factors help to strengthen men and women's bargaining power and, consequently, their ability to make decisions on how their land can be used.
Martha Osorio, FAO Gender and Rural Development Officer, explains why the adoption of the Guidelines represents an important achievement for women's rights and for the realization of the right to food, particularly for marginalized groups.
Why is it important to promote gender equality and women's land, fisheries and forests tenure rights?
Rural women play a crucial role in agriculture and in the management of natural resources. They are involved in both crop and livestock production at subsistence and commercial levels. They produce food and cash crops and manage different and complex agricultural systems, often managing crops, livestock and fish farming. In many regions, rural women are also highly knowledgeable on traditional agricultural and conservation practices, and on crop diversity.
Recent figures show that globally women represent about 20 percent of landholders. Compared to men, female farmers in all regions also control less livestock, make far less use of improved seed varieties and purchased inputs, such as fertilizers. To promote food security and responsible governance of natural resources, the Guidelines needed to take into consideration men and women's different access and use of agricultural inputs and resources; and push to include women in all land-related processes. Particular emphasis was given to national and local institutions concerned with administering land tenure and natural resources.
How are women's and gender issues addressed in the Guidelines?
The process of consultation and negotiation that preceded the adoption of the Voluntary Guidelines demonstrated a great commitment to gender issues by the members and participants of the CFS, and also by the large number of practitioners and civil society members who were part of the process since the beginning.
The Guidelines are unique because they represent the first global land tenure agreement, and they adopt a sustainable development model that directly responds to the needs of rural families and communities. Within this framework, gender equality is identified in the document as one of the 10 principles for the implementation of responsible tenure governance.
In other words, the Guidelines underline that gender equality is at the core of all processes and aspects of tenure governance, including policy formulation, service provisioning, and access to legal systems and information. They also make special provisions to improve gender equality in both formal and customary systems, for instance, through amending discriminatory inheritance and property laws.
From the onset, we worked actively to mainstream gender equality issues throughout the document. We believe that if the voluntary guidelines are implemented following the main principles outlined, men and women, through greater participation in land-related institutions and processes, will have greater and equitable access to land.
What are some of the key issues that the Guidelines address in relation to gender equality and women's empowerment?
Women's issues and perspectives are well articulated in the Guidelines. The Guidelines call upon Governments to fully remove inequalities in the law: both in property, family and succession laws, as well as in national agrarian laws.
Among other issues, the guidelines address women's poor access to legal advice and representation; the occurrence of arbitrary evictions from their land; the need to safeguard the rights of women who hold subsidiary tenure rights, such as gathering rights. The guidelines also look at introducing legal reforms that strengthen women's land rights, even when these come into contrast with customary tenure systems.
What are some of the key recommendations put forward to promote and protect women's empowerment and gender equality?
One of the key recommendations from the Voluntary Guidelines is for Governments to acknowledge the different roles, needs, challenges and priorities women and men have and to take specific measures to accelerate gender equality.
This includes, for example, removing and prohibiting all forms of discrimination related to tenure rights, including those resulting from change of marital status, lack of legal capacity, and lack of access to economic resources.
The Guidelines also actively encourage States to provide assistance and services that take into account women's needs and constraints; guarantee that land redistribution reforms provide equal access to land for men and women; and monitor the different impact public and private sector strategies have on male and female farmers, so that they benefit equally.


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Molly Greenhouse, Teaching Assistant, ARCH 397, UMBC
The AROURA project (Archaeological Reconnaissance of Uninvestigated Remains of Agriculture) is an archaeological survey of the plain around the 13th century BCE fortress of Glas, Boiotia, in central mainland Greece. It aims to detail the Mycenaean hydraulic, drainage, and land-improvement works around the fortress, and to search for traces of the expected extensive agricultural system they served. AROURA is an official collaboration between the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC), and the 9th Ephorate of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities (IX EPCA) of the Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sports, based in Thebes, Dr. Michael Lane (UMBC) and Dr. Alexandra Charami (IX EPCA) co-directors.
The survey and surface collection phases of the project began in October of 2010, and have since been completed. The entire project area was divided into grid squares at the outset to allow investigators to conduct geophysical survey easily and systematically across large portions of the plain, using techniques like magnetometry to detect underground "anomalies" that might be traces of previous land use. In certain grid squares, both in the plain and at the nearby settlement site of Aghia Marina Pyrghos, finds were collected from the surface of the ground too. Our goal this season is to organize, catalog, and analyze the many finds, mainly pottery, collected during previous years.
All of the finds are stored at the Archaeological Museum of Thebes, so during the week, we travel there from our home in the village of Kokkino to work on the collection. Currently, we are working on the pottery from surface collection at Aghia Marina Pyrghos. After labeling each piece and ensuring that it is properly catalogued, we start to focus on more in-depth analysis of the pottery. In the lab, we carefully examine the artifacts and record basic information about the size and shape of the pieces, as well as other more detailed information. We have been closely examining the pottery for mineral inclusions in its fabric (the constituents of the clay from which it is made). Examining hundreds of individual pieces of pottery with a magnifying glass to spot inclusions can be tedious work. However, by collecting this kind of information, we hope to be able to draw conclusions about the periods represented by the pottery and other artifacts at the settlement and where the pottery originated, as well as to hypothesize about how it made its way to the settlement.
Working at the museum in Thebes has been wonderful so far, and it definitely has had its perks. For example, this week, after Prof. Vassileios L. Aravantinos, the former Superintendent of the IX EPCA, dropped in for a surprise visit, we were invited to tour some of the ongoing excavations of the Mycenaean palace beneath downtown Thebes. We are excited to see what results the rest of this season will produce and how the project will expand and develop in future seasons!


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League of Legends champion cosplay is always exciting, especially so when the subject is one of the less... humanoid ones. Here's a stunning Thresh, portrayed by Darkgodmaru, who even edited the image, choosing an angle that makes it look like it's an actual screenshot from the game.
Here's a stunning Hecarim, also a non-humanoid champion from LoL, also by the same person. I'd say he should do Kog'Maw next time. That's something you don't see that often.
Your Soul is Mine [DeviantART]
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Wimmitji Tjapangarti
(Australia circa 1924 – 2000)
- Community
- Wirrimanu (Balgo), Western Desert region
- Language group
- Wangkajunga, Western Desert region
Hunting boomerang
- Location
- Not on display
- Further information
Vivien Johnson wrote in her book 'Aboriginal Artists of the Western Desert A Biographical Dictionary': "Born in the bush, probably near Percival Lakes, Tjapangarti was a Kukatja speaker who started painting in 1987. His country is Kuta Kuta near Percival Lakes. He paints Tingari stories for this region. The artist spent all his early years in this area and knows all its sacred places. Tjapangarti's works have a quite idiosyncratic look: they appear rough with much over-dotting and many different shapes and forms. This gives them a look of great age which may add to perceptions of their 'authenticity' - though from the artist's perspective this comes from his great involvement in the Law. All speak volumes of the artist's country and its many associated stories."
Wimmitji Tjapangarti was one of the first Balgo painters and is regarded by some as the best despite the fairly small number of works he produced. He was a knowledgeable and important member of his community, a traditional healer and an authority who assisted anthropologists in their research into language and culture. The most productive period of his career as an artist was from the late 1980s to the early 1990s when he often collaborated on paintings with Eubena Nampitjin, who was then his wife. Their first paintings are in brown ochre tones but by the end of the decade they were using the intensely bright colours for which Balgo canvases are particularly admired. The reds and yellows of their most characteristic works are the synthetic equivalents of natural ochre. Balgo paintings are often boldly simple in design but Wimmitji's style is a more complex web of dotted lines, circles and rectangles. His death has highlighted the preciousness and rarity of his paintings, which are extremely hard to find, but are very important in the development of Western Desert painting.
At Balgo Mission in the late 1940s Wimmitji became an informant for the anthropologists Catherine and Ronald Berndt who were collecting stories and ceremonial information in the region. It can be assumed that Wimmitji Tjapangarti's painting 'Untitled' 1978 refers to the artist's country. This is the area where Tjapangarti spent the first part of his life and he shows the soakages that his family used. These require the sand to be cleared from them before one can get at the water. They are hidden in amongst the sand hills. All of these features have Tingari associations and are told about in song and dance.
© Australian Art Department, Art Gallery of New South Wales, 2004
- Place of origin
Balgo Hills,
East Kimberley,
Western Australia,
- Year
- 1978
- Media
- Sculpture
- Medium
- wood
- Dimensions
- 72.5 cm length
- Signature & date
Not signed. Not dated.
- Credit
- Purchased 2004
- Accession number
- 121.2004
- Copyright
- © Wimmitji Tjapangarti. Licensed by Copyright Agency


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PageGroup in Sheffield are seeking experienced Recruiters who are looking to take their career to the next level within a leading organisation where their career progression and development are prioritised
Client Details
PageGroup are a leading specialist global recruitment agency with over 7,000 employees in 36 countries across the globe,
Within our Sheffield office we have circa 30 recruitment consultants recruiting across 5 disciplines. What you will find here is a vibrant culture where the success of our teams in underpinned by an ethos of putting people and teamwork first, and we're immensely proud of our reputation for professionalism and integrity
PageGroup are proud winners of:
Glassdoor Best Places to Work 2018
Glassdoor Top CEOs 2018
Times Top 50 Employers for Women 2018
Stonewall Top 100 Employer 2018
We are currently seeking experienced Recruitment Consultants who are looking to take their career to the next level within a leading organisation where their career progression and having their hard work rewarded are prioritised
We are looking for ambitious recruiters with experience of working within a 360 role with demonstrated examples of accomplishment
You will be highly motivated and driven by success, confident working within a target driven environment and passionate about your career and its progression
You will be able to demonstrate our core behaviours
Job Offer
We believe no-one can match the career opportunities we offer and we all work hard to make sure it stays that way.
As an experienced Recruitment Consultant at PageGroup you will have the opportunity to truly make your mark and run your own business whilst being supported by our Managers and Directors alongside our market leading training who will guide you to progress your careers to Management and Director Level.
We can offer you a competitive salary together with a uncapped commission and bonuses; alongside a wide range of attractive employee benefits including discounted gym memberships, private healthcare, the ability to buy or sell extra holiday days and lots of retail discounts
We work within a meritocratic environment where you are rewarded and recognised based on your productivity - our high performing consultants have been able to progress quickly (within a 5 year period, one of our Directors went from Graduate to Director with 6 promotions), and our 'High Flyers' were also recently rewarded with trips to Ibiza, Brazil, Miami and LA
Have a look at what a career at PageGroup could offer you and, if you like what you see, we look forward to meeting you - -******


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O's place Chen on DL, recall Burnett
BALTIMORE -- The Orioles placed starter Wei-Yin Chen on the 15-day disabled list with a right oblique strain prior to Tuesday's series opener against the San Diego Padres. Reliever Alex Burnett was recalled from Triple-A Norfolk for the third time this season. Infielder Yamaico Navarro was also added, replacing reliever Mike Belfiore, who was optioned yesterday.
Losing Chen for any length of time is a serious problem for an already inconsistent Orioles rotation. After tossing five scoreless innings Sunday before leaving with the injury, the 27-year-old evened his record at 3-3 and lowered his ERA to 3.04. Chen was the team's most reliable starter last year, the only pitcher to start at least 20 games, and had turned in five quality starts in his first seven outings in 2013.
Duquette, who has stockpiled starting pitching since coming to Baltimore, said he felt confident with the organization's internal options. The O's have two off-days this week -- they're also off Thursday -- and remain optimistic that Miguel Gonzalez (blister) will only miss one start. Jair Jurrjens is the most likely candidate to start on Saturday.
Duquette also confirmed that the club will likely use the full 30 days allotted for the rehab assignment of lefty Tsuyoshi Wada, who will make his first Minor League rehab start for Norfolk on Thursday. Wada is about a year removed from Tommy John surgery on his left elbow, and he had gotten up to seven innings in extended spring starts. His pitch count will stay around there as the organization works him back in slowly.


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AFC Wimbledon's revival under Neal Ardley continued as the Dons battled back to earn a 1-1 draw at Fleetwood.
Fleetwood took an early lead through Steven Gillespie after Lee Fowler's bravery helped the home side break following a Wimbledon corner.
The striker, assisted by a slip from Yado Mambo, took his time before slotting a low shot past goalkeeper Seb Brown for his third goal of the season.
Wimbledon levelled just after the hour mark. Substitute Rashid Yusseff's free-kick from the edge of the area found Byron Harrison's head and the effort took a deflection past home keeper Scott Davies to hand the striker his fourth goal in as many games.
A late rally from Fleetwood saw them press for a win. David Ball and Barry Nicholson both had late chances for Micky Mellon's men. But, when Davies picked up a Youl Mawene backpass with just two minutes to play, the Dons were handed a golden opportunity to take all three points with a free-kick from six yards.
Fleetwood's wall on the line stood firm though, with George Francomb blasting the rebound over the crossbar.


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This event is complete!
3 / 10 Spots Remain
Serve Dinner to Families
Volunteer at the new Van Buren Shelter
Date: May 6 | Time: 6:00 pm - 8:00 pm
Venue: Van Buren Shelter
Community Shelter Board, in partnership with the YMCA, opened a shelter to address the growing numbers of men, women, and families who are experiencing homelessness. The shelter is designed to move people more quickly into stable housing and stop repeat homelessness.
Join Besa and the Van Buren Shelter to help support families experiencing homelessness. Besa volunteers will work side-by-side with the YMCA kitchen staff to provide dinner to families. This includes: preparing the dining room, serving meals to guests, clean-up and interacting with guests.
Van Buren Shelter could use the following donations to support the men, women, and families during their stay. If you'd like to donate any of these items, please bring them with you when you volunteer and notify your Besa Volunteer Leader.


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During his tennis career Pat epitomised 'fair play' — and his sportsmanship during many thrilling contests earned him respect and admiration around the world. After enjoying a life outdoors keeping healthy and fit — it is no wonder that Pat instantly recognised the injustice of denying a natural existence to other living beings — that it simply isn't 'fair' to deny animals raised for food the same legal protection that is afforded to the animals who share our homes.
As such, Pat is now 'doing his bit' to educate and encourage consumers to make informed and compassionate choices that will lead to an end to factory farming. Three of Pat's brothers have chosen animal-friendly diets — so he's no stranger to the different choices that we can make that will lead to a kinder world!
If you believe like Pat, that it is time to 'level the playing field' so that all animals in human care are provided with a life worth living and a natural existence — then join him in spreading the word — as together we can Make it Possible.
Watch the extended Make it Possible web video, featuring Pat and other Australian celebrities.
If you do too, join others who are making a kinder world for animals possible. Sign the pledge.


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It's always nice when you can save money by buying a product that has multiple uses. Take this laser pointer, for example, and how one thrifty father uses it to entertain both his dog and his baby. But who loves the toy the most?
Trick question. They both hate it.


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The American Society of Arms Collectors was founded in 1953 as a permanent national organization for persons interested in the collection, research, study, and preservation of arms, armor, and accessories and accoutrements; to establish and promote standards and ethics in research and dissemination of information pertaining to the history of arms and armor; and to promote and further the preparation, publication and distribution of scholarly literature pertaining to the development and history of arms and armor.
Our activities include:
- Promoting friendship for those interested in the collection of arms, armor, and their accessories.
- Opposing legislation injurious to the possession and collection of arms, armor, and accessories by responsible collectors.
- Holding regular meetings:
(a) to conduct society business;
(b) where members may assist each other in locating items for their collections;
(c) where members may display pieces from their collections for the education and pleasure of others; and
(d) have papers and presentations on appropriate subjects.
- Promoting and upholding the highest standards of honesty among arms collectors, and to expose and take vigorous action against any faking or misrepresentation of arms.
NOTE: Membership is limited to a maximum of 250 active members, and membership is by invitation only.


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Earlier this year I performed in Madison, Wisconsin at the massive demonstrations against anti-union legislation put forward by that state's right wing governor. While I've played hundreds of demonstrations, I've never seen anything quite like Madison. Bratwurst chomping Packer fans and Molotov tossing anarchists standing shoulder to shoulder fighting for justice everywhere you looked. (To read my dispatches from the front check out: Frostbite and Freedom: Tom Morello on the Battle of Madison)
I was inspired by the 100,000 people marching in the street on a freezing cold Saturday afternoon. I was inspired by the solidarity of students, steel workers and firefighters of all ages, colors and creeds who had occupied the Capitol building. And I was inspired by the fact that there was something in the air that made nurses, teachers, farmers, and musicians realize that it was time to get off the sidelines and make history.
The day I got back I wrote the song "Union Town". The next day I decided I was going to record an album of unapologetically pro-labor, pro-working class, pro-UNION songs and donate 100% of the proceeds to the union struggles across the nation. The Freedom Fighter Orchestra (Wayne Kramer, Carl Restivo, Eric Gardner, Chris Joyner and Anne Preven) lent a hand and I recorded the album in four days because I wanted to capture the energy I felt in the streets of Madison before my frostbitten fingers had thawed.
Some of the songs are mine. Some are class war classics. Here's a breakdown of the tracks:
UNION TOWN (by Tom Morello): I just wrote down what I did, what I saw and what I felt during that whirlwind 36 hours in Madison. Then I added a badass guitar solo. Check out the union made video here.
SOLIDARITY FOREVER (by Ralph Chaplain): This song was written by IWW member Ralph Chaplain in 1915 in the midst of a West Virginia coal miners strike and stakes out that groundbreaking union's radical manifesto. As a card carrying member of the Industrial Workers of the World myself this labor classic was a must include. I just put an Irish fighting song beat to it and hit the gas.
WHICH SIDE ARE YOU ON? (by Florence Reece): This song was written in 1931 by a twelve year old Kentucky coal miner's daughter when her father was out on strike with the United Mine Workers. I tried to capture the vibe of a whispered invitation to a secret outlawed meeting.
A WALL AGAINST THE WIND (by Tom Morello): May Day, May 1st, is celebrated around the world as International Workers Day and commemorates the struggles, sacrifices, victories and achievements of the labor movement. Although commemoration of May Day was inspired by events in the United States (The Haymarket Affair), our "worker's holiday", Labor Day, was moved to September during the Cold War era to disassociate it from global demonstrations of international solidarity. With "A Wall Against The Wind" The Nightwatchman is bringing May Day back home.
16 TONS (by Merle Travis): The 1955 recording of this song by Tennessee Ernie Ford reached number one on the US charts and went on to sell more than 2 million copies, which is incredible given the grim subject matter. My family were coal miners in the small town of Marseilles, Illinois and I remember hearing stories as a child of the Morello men going down into the mine before dawn and not coming back up until after sundown, their entire lives lived in the dark. I first heard about this song via The Clash who did a "16 Tons Tour" of England. Like coal miners, bands sometime find themselves "another day older/and deeper in debt."
THIS LAND IS YOUR LAND (by Woody Guthrie): This song was written in 1940 by Woody Guthrie as an angry class war anthem. It was written specifically in answer to Irving Berlin's "God Bless America" which Woody thought missed the whole point, and left out a lot of people. When you learned this song in the third grade they censored out the more "controversial" verses. I put 'em back in. As a bonus you get three generations of Morellos singing the chorus on this one.
I DREAMED I SAW JOE HILL LAST NIGHT (by Alfred Hayes/arrangement by Tom Morello): I first became aware of this song when reading a biography of the great IWW songwriter/martyr Joe Hill. I was leveled by the lyrics but I'd never heard a recording of it so I just made up my own music, melody and arrangement. It's actually the very first piece of music I ever sang around the house as The Nightwatchman was rounding into form. In the studio we turned down all the lights and tried to capture a conversation with a ghost.
UNION SONG-LIVE-CAPITOL SQUARE, MADISON, WISCONSIN FEB. 21, 2011 (by Tom Morello): This song first appeared on my 'One Man Revolution' album. I wrote it in the aftermath of the FTAA protests and riots in Miami in 2003. That day our peaceful demonstration of tens of thousands of workers got tear-gassed. Afterwards I performed at a union rally and realized that I didn't have any of my own songs to play on days like that. So I wrote this one. Problem solved. In this live version from the steps of the Capitol building you can feel the frost in the air and the power in the streets.
I'd like to express my support and thanks to all the unions that are standing up and standing strong in this ongoing struggle and those that have pushed this music forward, some of which are listed here:
American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO), American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), American Federation of Government Employees (AFGE), International Brotherhood of Teamsters (IBT), Sheet Metal Workers' International Association (SMWIA), Change to Win, Utility Workers Union of America (UWUA), International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM), National Education Association (NEA), International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees (IATSE), American Federation of Teachers (AFT), Service Employees International Union (SEIU), Transport Workers Union (TWU), International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers (IBEW), American Rights at Work (ARAW), Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), Union Label and Service Trades Department, International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC), Coalition of Immokalee Workers (CIW)
Later this summer a brand new full length Nightwatchman album, 'World Wide Rebel Songs' and tour will be fanning the flames of discontent in a Union Town near you. Until then, take it easy…but take it.
Tom Morello/The Nightwatchman
Tuesday, May 17, 2011
2 comments:
- Intelligence of said...
Seriously, i don't fucking give a shit about Morello's solo projects. Give us some Rage, give us some power. You gave it to us, and just took it away. We want some new tracks! WE WANT ADRENALINE.
- May 17, 2011 at 3:07 PM
- Unknown said...
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- October 28, 2018 at 11:16 PM
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"Effective Date": 04/15/2018


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WILSONVILLE, Ore. — (BUSINESS WIRE) — May 16, 2012 — Mentor Graphics Corporation (NASDAQ: MENT) today announced that Vestel Electronics, one of Europe's largest set-top-box (STB) manufacturers, developed its user interface (UI) for its new generation Android-based STB using the Mentor® Embedded Inflexion® UI product. With the Inflexion UI technology, Vestel quickly created a rich user interface that includes 3D perspectives, and mirrored like surfaces. The STB's graphics hardware acceleration capability is unlocked by the Inflexion UI tool enabling Vestel to deliver these advanced features, fluid graphics, and transitions to its STB customers.
"Inflexion allowed us to create a compelling user interface and provide a highly differentiated product to our customers. With Inflexion, we were able to easily add a set-top-box user interface on top of standard Android to get the best of both worlds—a fantastic user experience optimized for use on TV, while still being able to offer customers the benefit of Android, " said Hakan Kutlu, deputy general manager responsible for marketing at Vestel. "We appreciate the way that Mentor has gone out of its way to support Vestel, providing UI designs, training and advice. With this, our new generation Android STB offers our customers a superior user experience, and we are confident it will be a highly successful product."
Used by hundreds of embedded system developers across sectors including automotive, transportation, and consumer applications, the Inflexion product enables developers to quickly create graphically rich, dynamic 2D and 3D Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs). HMIs and HMI logic are developed, managed and configured using the interactive Inflexion UI Express PC tool, and then run on an efficient and powerful embedded engine. By providing a clean separation between HMI presentation and functionality, Inflexion helps simplify the interface between HMI designers, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and their customers.
"Mentor's Inflexion is a proven HMI development system and we are delighted that Vestel has joined the ever increasing group of customers who successfully use Inflexion for compelling and dynamic HMIs to enhance their overall product," said Glenn Perry, general manager, Embedded Software Division of Mentor Graphics. "Customers really benefit from our approach of providing outstanding software, tools and tailored services, including support and customizations to meet their individual product and workflow needs."
The Inflexion UI product fully utilizes available OpenGL ES hardware graphics acceleration and is available on GENIVI, Linux, Android, and Nucleus® Real-Time operating systems, and it is portable to a wide range of other operating platforms. For more information on the Inflexion product, visit the website: www.mentor.com/inflexion.
The Mentor Graphics Embedded Software Division comprises the Mentor Embedded family of products and services, including embedded software intellectual property (IP), tools, and professional consultant services to help embedded developers and silicon partners optimize their products for design and cost efficiency. The Mentor Embedded team continues to lead the industry with involvement in the open source community, with Inflexion® 2D and 3D UI development, Sourcery™ open source tools, and Nucleus® RTOS solutions. More information on Mentor Embedded products and services can be found at http://www.mentor.com/embedded.
About Mentor Graphics
Mentor Graphics Corporation is a world leader in electronic hardware and software design solutions, providing products, consulting services and award-winning support for the world's most successful electronic, semiconductor and systems companies. Established in 1981, the company reported revenues in the last fiscal year of about $1,015 million. Corporate headquarters are located at 8005 S.W. Boeckman Road, Wilsonville, Oregon 97070-7777. World Wide Web site: http://www.mentor.com/
(Mentor, Mentor Graphics, Inflexion, and Nucleus are registered trademarks of Mentor Graphics Corporation. Sourcery is used under license from CodeSourcery, Inc. All other company or product names are the registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective owner.)
The registered trademark Linux® is used pursuant to a sublicense from LMI, the exclusive licensee of Linus Torvalds, owner of the mark on a worldwide basis.
Mentor Graphics
Larry Toda, 503-685-1664
Email Contact
Sonia Harrison, 503-685-1165
Email Contact


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XCalibre's FlexiScale cloud has disappeared from the heavens. Again.
In late August, an engineer with the UK-based hosting outfit accidentally deleted the company's high-profile compute cloud - which offers on-demand storage, processing, and network bandwidth a la Amazon Web Services - and now XCalibre is working to resolve a "core network failure" that has kept some customers off-line for as much as twenty-four hours.
According XCalibre CEO Tony Lucas, the outage hit at about 5pm UK time on Wednesday, when the cloud experienced "a near simultaneous switch failure" in the switches that connect the storage to the processing nodes. "That is relatively easy to fix, though you do have to take everything down and restart it again," Lucas tells The Reg. "But because of a software limitation in a particular piece of software we use...which only allows you to do one job at a time, so when we have to restart hundreds and hundreds of servers, it takes sometime."
It's no secret that FlexisScale relies on Virtual Iron, the virtualization manager based on the open-source Xen hypervisor.
Lucas says that some customers were back up and running by 9pm UK yesterday. But others are still waiting for their bit of cloud to reappear. "Every single server was restarted by 7:45 this morning [UK time], but there is a network bug that a number of them are still having issues with. We're going through them one-by-one and we're down to a handful - somewhere in the teens."
Lucas is intent on beefing up his architecture so this sort of thing doesn't happen in the future. But that's twice in two months. At the end of August, that engineer accidentally deleted the cloud's main storage volume, and XCalibre needed several days to rebuild it.
And in the midst of the latest outage, some customers are peeved. "I am angry, very angry, so yes there's some vitriol in here, I was hoping that sleeping on it would dull that, but being that all my servers are still down it hasn't," says someone who calls himself Flish.
"I didn't have to wait very long for the next outage," says RichText. "Fortunately, I'm only testing things out at the moment. Does anyone actually use Flexiscale for anything mission-critical?"
A good question. There are drawbacks to putting your apps in the sky. In recent months, we've also seen plenty of downtime from Amazon Web Services - and Google Apps too. ®


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In Wisconsin, reports of voter suppression efforts
Updated: 2:07 p.m. ET
(CBS News) As voters head to the polls Tuesday to decide the fate of Wisconsin Gov. Scott Walker, reports out of the state suggest that robocalls are being placed informing voters, falsely, they don't have to vote if they signed the recall petition.
There have also been reports of mailings going out to voters telling them they can't vote unless they did so in 2010, and of people going door-to-door telling voters they don't have to go to the polls if they signed the recall petition, both of which are also untrue.
Wisconsin residents are voting today in a closely-watched, high-profile recall election against Walker, the state's Republican governor, who was elected in 2010. He is being challenged by Milwaukee Mayor Tom Barrett, who beat organized labor's preferred candidate to win last month's Democratic primary. Barrett entered the race in late March, but the effort to recall Walker effectively began last February, when the newly-elected governor released a budget plan that proposed elimination of most public employee bargaining rights.Wisconsin recall election: Will Scott Walker survive?
According to the Center for Public Integrity, candidates and outside groups have spent a record-breaking $63.5 million on the recall election.
Barrett's campaign sent out a fundraising email on Monday alerting supporters to the alleged robocalls. On Tuesday, Barrett press secretary Melanie Conklin said the campaign was "very concerned" about efforts to suppress Democratic turnout.
"We are very concerned about voter suppression. We have had many, many reports of this. In Kenosha County, Minority Leader Peter Barca told us someone reported it to his county clerk," Conklin told CBS News.
Conklin said the campaign had not yet been able to track down a copy of the recording, but that there were also mailings going out telling voters that unless they voted in 2010 they cannot vote now.
In a letter to Kevin Kennedy, the director and general counsel to the Government Accountability Board, Democratic Wisconsin state Senator Lena Taylor requested the board's "immediate action, as in today, to begin investigations and prosecutions into such persons that are committing election fraud and misdemeanor crimes by their individual or group communications."
"As has been reported in the media and throughout social networks, there are groups spreading false information about today's recall elections," the letter reads. "Notably, two blatantly false tactics have been employed by groups or individuals that seemingly would support Governor Walker's campaign."
Taylor wrote that one group or individual is informing citizens "that they need not vote today as they have already accomplished their work." She also cites a group or individual calling from a telephone number with a Wisconsin area code that has "indicated to citizens that the recall election is on Wednesday." It is unclear whether that is the same call
"Both of these assertions are blatantly false and constitute the commission of an election-related crime," Taylor wrote.
The Walker campaign on Tuesday denied accusations that it was behind any misleading robocalls, although it did not dispute their existence.
"Any accusation that our campaign is making those calls is categorically false and unfounded," Walker campaign spokeswoman Ciara Matthews told CBS News. "Once again Mayor Barrett and his campaign are trying to falsely attack Governor Walker with absolutely no evidence. This is a desperate move by Mayor Barrett to avoid addressing his lack of a plan to create jobs in Wisconsin."
Reid Magney, a spokesman for the Government Accountability Board, said he had received reports about the calls from both voters and the media but that the board had neither identified the source of the calls, nor the extent to which they are widespread. However, he noted that the board will work with District Attorneys on possible charges if and when it gets information about the source.
Magney said that for now, the board is telling voters to be skeptical of any information they receive from robocalls, emails, or people going door-to-door. He noted reports from over the weekend alleging that people were going door-to-door telling voters they didn't have to go to the polls if they signed the petition.
The only other voting issues the board has heard about today is a voting machine that was discovered damaged this morning in Marathon County, according to Magney. He said it's possible it was intentionally damaged and it has been turned over to authorities.
President Obama's campaign on Tuesday released a get-out-the-vote video on Wednesday, featuring campaign volunteers telling voters "it's absolutely crucial that you come out and help."
"We need to get our rights back, we need to get our state back," says Laura H., a volunteer featured in the video.
On Tuesday, Mr. Obama took to Twitter to officially endorse Barrett. He wrote: "It's Election Day in Wisconsin tomorrow, and I'm standing by Tom Barrett. He'd make an outstanding governor. -bo."
Caroline Horn contributed to this report.


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It did not take Frances Mary Paul long to prove her mettle after she arrived in Los Angeles in February 1887. Traveling with a sick husband and two small children from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, the scene that greeted them was dismal at best. Rain, long missing from the California weather scene, was falling in torrents and turned the streets of Los Angeles muddy beyond description. The boardinghouse where they initially stayed had no furnace, and one was lucky to have a tiny fireplace and a handful of coal to stoke it.
After a month in these dreary surroundings, the Pauls struck out for a hotel in Ontario that they thought sounded better than their present accommodations. As fate would have it, however, their journey overtook a letter advising them that the Ontario hotel was full. Upon arriving in Ontario to find no vacancies, they spent another makeshift, miserable night until they found a house to rent in an orange grove. The weather changed at this time and the weary easterners were thoroughly enchanted by the Shangri-La created by the annual transformation of the inland valley citrus groves.
When the Pauls arrived in Ontario, the "Model Colony" was five years old. The Santa Fe Railroad was not built and a town where Upland now flourishes had not been thought of. Life was primitive—no electricity, no telephones, no ice, no trolley, no domestic help, and no hospital. However, the climate proved to be the perfect antidote for Colonel James Paul, who was suffering with tuberculosis and given not long to live by the doctors back east.
Colonel Paul seemed to make a remarkable recovery, and it was not long before he became active in the local citrus and banking industries. He served as founding President of the Upland Citrus Association and continued in that role for 16 years, as well as serving on the Board of Directors for the California Fruit Exchange.
In 1888, Colonel Paul was made President of the Commercial Bank of Upland, the town's principal financial institution. He held this position for the next 16 years. He also became involved with local water issues, serving on the Advisory Board of the San Antonio Water Company. In addition to serving his community, he was a director for the Pan-American Petroleum Company.
Colonel Paul, along with Charles Harwood, another long-time Upland resident, invested in the Mexican Petroleum Company which controlled 400,000 acres near Tampico. Colonel Paul had been a life-long Republican and served as a state delegate to the 1904 Republican convention in Philadelphia when Theodore Roosevelt was nominated, and once again at the 1912 convention in Chicago when William Howard Taft was nominated.
While her husband busied himself with local business matters, Frances Mary set about establishing a comfortable home and lifestyle for her family. Never having had to learn the delights of domestic chores, Mrs. Paul soon learned how to do "housework," everything from baking bread to harnessing the family pony, "Pet." The Pauls built their first house, a Victorian, located on property on East 23rd Street.
It was some years later that a serious illness necessitated an operation for Frances Mary. Travel to Los Angeles was required because of the lack of medical facilities in Upland. Having a natural sympathy for the sick, Mrs. Paul developed a desire to see an adequate hospital in her community. Another event, involving a beloved family employee, also had a profound effect in spurring Mrs. Paul onward with her hospital plans. During a total eclipse of the sun, Frances Mary's grove foreman, Mr. Hutton, was trying to calm a team of unsettled horses when they bolted and dragged the wagon over him. With no emergency medical services available, the accident proved fatal to the loyal employee. This event made Mrs. Paul even more determined to provide hospital care for the local community. Her plans took shape as a memorial to her husband who died at home at the age of 71 in April, 1911.
Upland's first hospital, The San Antonio Hospital, was a small facility of 18 beds with a medical staff of five physicians. It was built with funds received from community stock sales and opened on the corner of Arrow Highway and San Antonio Avenue in 1907, one year after Upland was incorporated as a city. By 1922, the population of the hospital's service area had more than doubled and this growth produced the need for a much larger hospital.
Understanding that need, Doctor William Howard Craig, a long-time resident and physician, solicited the aid of his friend and patient, Frances Mary Paul, who Frances Mary had demonstrated a long-standing concern regarding the medical needs of her community. She was an enthusiastic supporter of the dream that a larger medical facility could be built in Upland.
Donating $75,000 toward construction of a new, larger hospital in memory of her husband, Frances Mary became the first benefactor of the existing San Antonio Hospital. This gift was soon augmented by other donations, including gifts of $10,000 each from Mrs. Paul's two children, Earl Paul and Alice Paul Harwood.
On April 30, 1920, the initial bylaws of the Paul Memorial Hospital were adopted. However, Mrs. Paul worried that the use of her family name in the corporation might discourage others from donating. So, the bylaws were amended and the name of the first hospital, San Antonio, was used in addition to adding the word "community" to convey its nonprofit charitable structure.
San Antonio Community Hospital was dedicated on Wednesday, July 30, 1924, and ready for patients the next day. This new hospital, "commodiously and scientifically constructed," according to a news article in the Upland News, had 35 rooms with a capacity for 50 patients. The completely equipped maternity wing included a nursery large enough to care for 20 babies. The total cost for this new facility, located on East San Bernardino Road, was $173,107.10.
Although Mrs. Paul died in January, 1923 before construction had begun, her legacy of generosity and community service was carried on by her children. In her mother's memory, Alice Paul Harwood turned the first spade of dirt during groundbreaking ceremonies in April, 1923. Alice played a crucial role in organizing the hospital's Women's Auxiliary, whose charitable works over the years have resulted in major monetary contributions to the hospital.
The Auxiliary's major focus, from the beginning, was to establish the Free Bed Fund and the Sick Baby Fund. Earl Paul was elected president of the Hospital Association at the April, 1925 meeting, and moved into the position of treasurer, which he held for the next 25 years. Both Alice and Earl worked tirelessly to support their family's legacy of quality medical care.
In 1947, newspaper columnist and local historian Una Winter wrote a short article for the Upland News summarizing the founding of San Antonio Regional Hospital. Mrs. Winter wrote, "All of us who live in the shadow of this hospital—and of the present and future generations—owe Mrs. Paul our heartfelt thanks: she thought of us and our needs and provided the inspiration, backed by her generous gift, to build a hospital that is rated as one of the best." In a 1969 history of San Antonio Regional Hospital, it is written that the hospital's story is one of "cooperation, inscribed upon by workers with the desire to help and the will to succeed." These qualities—a desire to help and the will to succeed—certainly summarized the efforts of the entire Paul family, but most especially Frances Mary Paul. This warm, caring human being was committed to her family and to her community.
Since that time, San Antonio Regional Hospital has grown and changed with the community—relying upon benefactors like Dr. Craig and Mrs. Paul to institute change and motivate the community to help provide for that change.
In 1984, the Frances Mary Paul Circle was formed to recognize individuals who share her vision and are committed to perpetuating her legacy of generosity and community service by making cumulative gifts of $10,000 or more to the San Antonio Hospital Foundation. Membership in the
Frances Mary Paul Circle is one of the highest honors a donor can receive at San Antonio Regional Hospital.
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