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As noted above, governments enact RES policies to prop up the price of renewable electricity generation. They begin with disadvantages: renewables are less efficient and therefore more costly than conventional sources of generation. Thus they are demanded and valued less in the open marketplace. RES policies force utilities to buy electricity from renewable sources. These policies guarantee a market for the renewable sources. These higher costs are passed to electricity consumers, including residential, commercial and industrial customers.
The U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration estimates the "levelized energy cost" — or financial breakeven cost per MWh — to produce new electricity in its Annual Energy Outlook.[24] The EIA provides LEC estimates for conventional and renewable electricity technologies — coal, nuclear, geothermal, landfill gas, solar photovoltaic, wind and biomass — assuming the new sources enter service in 2016. The EIA also provides LEC estimates for conventional coal, combined cycle gas, advanced nuclear and onshore wind only, assuming the sources enter service in 2020 and 2035.[*]
While the EIA does not provide LEC for hydroelectric, solar photovoltaic and biomass for 2020 and 2035, it does project overnight capital costs for 2015, 2025 and 2035. We can estimate the LEC for these technologies and years using the percent change in capital costs to inflate the 2016 LECs. In its Annual Energy Outlook, the EIA incorporates many assumptions about the future price of capital, materials, fossil fuels, maintenance and capacity factor into their forecast. Graphic 4 shows LEC projections for seven different energy sources. Four of these — coal, gas, nuclear and wind — are EIA projections; these LECs are expected to decrease from 2016 to 2035, with the exception of the LEC for gas. The fall in capital costs for coal, nuclear and wind drives the drop in total system LEC over the period.
The LECs for solar, biomass and hydroelectric power were estimated using the EIA change in overnight capital costs. These projections produce LEC reductions for solar biomass similar to wind's from 2016 to 2035. The biomass LEC drops by 38.7 percent and solar by 53.5 percent over the period. These compare to much more modest cost reductions of 5.2 percent for coal, an increase of 14.2 percent for gas, and a drop of 22.1 percent for nuclear over the same period. EIA does provide overnight capital costs for renewable technologies under a "high cost" scenario. However, for each renewable technology the EIA "high cost" scenario projects capital costs to drop between 2015 and 2035.
Graphic 4: U.S. Energy Information Administration Estimates of Levelized Cost of Electricity from Conventional and Renewable Sources
Source: "Levelized Cost of New Generation Resources in the Annual Energy Outlook 2011," (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2011), http://goo.gl/DG6Qk (accessed June 13, 2012); "Figure 81. Levelized electricity costs for new power plants, 2020 and 2035 (2009 cents per kilowatthour)," (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2011), http://www.eia.gov/ forecasts/archive/aeo11/excel/fig81.data.xls (accessed Sept. 18, 2012).
* Authors' projections based on linear changes in EIA estimates for overnight capital costs during these time periods. For overnight capital costs, see "Assumptions to the Annual Energy Outlook 2011," (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2011), 168, http://goo.gl/irI69 (accessed Sept. 18, 2012).
Graphic 4 also displays capacity factors for each technology. The capacity factor measures the ratio of electrical energy produced by a generating unit over a period of time to the electrical energy that could have been produced at 100 percent operation during the same period. In this case, the capacity factor measures the potential productivity of the generating technology. Solar, wind and hydroelectric have the lowest capacity factors due to the intermittent nature of their power sources. EIA projects a 34.4 percent capacity factor for onshore wind power, which, as we will see below, appears to be at the high end of any range of estimates.
Estimating a capacity factor for wind power is particularly challenging. Wind is not only intermittent but its variation is unpredictable, making it impossible to dispatch to the grid with any certainty. This unique aspect of wind power argues for a capacity factor rating of close to zero. Nevertheless, wind capacity factors have been estimated to be between 20 percent and 40 percent.[25] The other variables that affect the capacity factor of wind are the quality and consistency of the wind, and the size and technology of the wind turbines deployed. As the U.S. and other countries add more wind power over time, presumably the wind turbine technology will improve, but the new locations for power plants will likely have less productive wind resources.
The EIA estimates of LEC and capacity factors paint a particularly rosy view of the future cost of renewable electricity generation, particularly wind. Other forecasters and the experience of current renewable energy projects portray a less sanguine outlook.
Today, wind and biomass are the largest renewable power sources and are the most likely to satisfy future RES mandates. The most prominent issues that will affect the future availability and cost of renewable electricity resources are diminishing marginal returns and competition for scarce resources. These issues will affect wind and biomass in different ways as state RES mandates ratchet up over the next decade.
Both wind and biomass resources face land-use issues. Conventional energy plants can be built within a space of several acres, but a wind power plant with the same nameplate capacity (not actual capacity) would require many square miles of land. According to one study, wind power would require 7,579 miles of mountain ridgeline to satisfy current state RES mandates and a 20 percent federal mandate by 2025.[26] Mountain ridgelines produce the most promising locations for electric wind production in the eastern and far western United States.
After taking into account capacity factors, a wind power plant would need a land mass of 20 by 25 kilometers to produce the same energy as a nuclear power plant that can be situated on 500 meters square (one-quarter square kilometer).[27]
The need for large areas of land to site wind power plants will require the purchase of vast areas of land by private wind developers, and/or allowing wind production on public lands. In either case land acquisition/rent or public permitting processes will likely increase costs as wind power plants are built. Offshore wind is vastly more expensive than onshore wind power and suffers from the same type of permitting process faced by onshore wind power plants, as seen in the 10-year permitting process for the planned Cape Wind project off the coast of Massachusetts.
The swift expansion of wind power will also suffer from diminishing marginal returns as new wind capacity will be located in areas with lower and less consistent wind speeds. As a result, fewer megawatt-hours of power will be produced from newly built wind projects. Moreover the new wind capacity will be developed in increasingly remote areas that will require larger investments in transmission and distribution, which will drive costs even higher.
The EIA estimates of the average capacity factor used for onshore wind power plants, at 34.4 percent, appears to be at the higher end of the estimates for current wind projects. This figure is inconsistent with estimates from other studies.[28] According to the EIA's own reporting from 137 current wind power plants in 2003, the average capacity factor was 26.9 percent.[29] In addition, a recent analysis of wind capacity factors around the world finds an actual average capacity factor of 21 percent.[30] Moreover, other estimates find capacity factors in the mid-teens and as low as 13 percent.[31]
Biomass is a more promising renewable power source. Biomass combines low incremental costs relative to other renewable technologies and reliability. Biomass is not intermittent and therefore it is distributable with a capacity factor that is competitive with conventional energy sources. Moreover, biomass plants can be located close to urban areas with high electricity demand. But biomass electricity suffers from land use issues even more so than wind.
The expansion of biomass power plants will require huge additional sources of fuel. Wood and wood waste comprise the largest source of biomass energy today. According to the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, other sources of biomass "include food crops, grassy and woody plants, residues from agriculture or forestry, oil-rich algae, and the organic component of municipal and industrial wastes."[32] Biomass power plants will compete directly with other sectors (construction, paper, furniture) of the economy for wood, food products and arable land.
One study estimates that 66 million acres of land would be required to provide enough fuel to satisfy the current state RES mandates and a 20 percent federal RES in 2025.[33] When the clearing of new farm and forestlands are figured into the GHG production of biomass, it is likely that biomass increases GHG emissions.
The competition for farm and forestry resources would not only cause biomass fuel prices to skyrocket, but also cause the prices of domestically produced food, lumber, furniture and other products to rise. The recent experience of ethanol and its role in surging corn prices can be causally linked to the recent food riots in Mexico,[34] and also to the struggle facing international aid organizations that address hunger in places such as the Darfur region of Sudan.[35] These two examples serve as reminders of the unintended consequences of government mandates for biofuels. The lesson is clear: Biofuels compete with food production and other basic products, and distort the market.
[*] "Figure 81. Levelized electricity costs for new power plants, 2020 and 2035 (2009 cents per kilowatthour)," (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2011), http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/archive/aeo11/ excel/fig81.data.xls (accessed Sept. 18, 2012). While not specified in the source document, the levelized cost estimates for coal, nuclear and wind are for conventional coal, advanced nuclear and onshore wind, respectively.


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4-Part Series
This comprehensive job-specific series will provide the most current BSA rules, trends, and guidance to ensure compliance.
Purchase Webinars Individually or Purchase the
Series to Save 10%!
Some of the more challenging concerns facing the financial profession today are Bank Secrecy Act (BSA/AML) compliance, due diligence, monitoring, and reporting. Constant effort is needed to stay ahead of the curve. Enforcement actions have increased, and regulators expect financial institutions to have a strong "culture of compliance." This series is one-stop shopping for lending, operations, board, and frontline employees' BSA required compliance training.
BSA Series Topics
- Job-Specific BSA Training for Lenders
- Job-Specific BSA Training for Operations
- Job-Specific BSA Training for the Board
- Job-Specific BSA Training for the Frontline
Session Dates & Descriptions
Click on presenters' names below for more information.
May 9, 2019
Job-Specific BSA Training for Lenders
Susan Costonis, Compliance Consulting and Training for Financial Institutions
BSA examiners are digging deeper and asking more questions about the lending function. Could a BSA examiner find loan fraud that was missed by your institution's due diligence process? Does your institution have a system for identifying false statements and identity theft attempts on loan applications? Do your lenders know these activities may require filing a suspicious activity report? Is your process for documenting beneficial ownership effective? This program will address five important reasons BSA training must be provided for lenders.
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June 5, 2019
Job-Specific BSA Training for Operations
Susan Costonis, Compliance Consulting and Training for Financial Institutions
Operations staff must have effective, ongoing training to meet several critical BSA requirements. This webinar will examine three focal points of transaction testing sections of the BSA exam process. Real-life examples of suspicious activities detected by deposit operations staff will be included, along with practical tips for processing and protecting the confidentiality of time-sensitive 314(a) requests. This session will include examples of CIP deficiencies in recent BSA enforcement actions and provide additional monitoring tools.
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June 25, 2019
Job-Specific BSA Training for the Board
Dawn Kincaid, Brode Consulting Services, Inc.
The ultimate responsibility for BSA compliance lies with the board of directors. They must understand the importance of BSA/AML regulatory requirements, ramifications of noncompliance, and the risks posed to your institution. Without a general understanding, the board cannot adequately provide BSA/AML oversight; approve related policies, procedures, and processes; or provide sufficient BSA/AML resources. Regulators are sending a definite signal regarding the importance of BSA compliance via recent penalties and enforcement actions against financial institutions without strong BSA programs. This is a must-attend session for your board and executive management team!
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July 17, 2019
Job-Specific BSA Training for the Frontline
Dawn Kincaid, Brode Consulting Services, Inc.
The frontline is the first line of defense in identifying and reporting suspicious activity. Therefore, it's crucial that frontline staff receive initial and annual training on BSA/AML requirements and fully understand what is expected during their day-to-day duties. This session will detail BSA/AML rule components, including red flags for money laundering, CIP documentation, CDD rules, OFAC screening, CTR completion, maintaining information for the sale of monetary instruments, and much more! Arm your frontline with the knowledge and tools needed to comply.
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We provide credit union webinars on compliance, lending, regulations, security, operations, new accounts, collections, fraud, security & other topics. For more information on credit union education and online training opportunities, join our mailing list.

subset: commoncrawl


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Team USA to showcase young talent at World Junior Championships
Provided by USATF
BARCELONA, Spain – America's stars of tomorrow will be on display at the 14th IAAF World Junior Championships beginning on Tuesday in Barcelona. Montjuïc Olympic Stadium will be the venue of the six-day competition (July 10-15) that will feature 180 countries and the best athletes in the world under the age of 20.
Olympic Stadium in Barcelona holds a special place in USA Track & Field's history. Twenty years ago, at the 1992 Olympic Games, Team USA brought home 32 medals in track & field, the second-most in American history. With a bevy of international experience and a handful of world-leading and American junior record marks among the 80 squad members, this USA junior team is set to make some magic of their own in Spain's second-largest city.
The formidable men's group includes Tyreek Hill (Douglas, Ga.), the world junior leader at 200 meters. Hill's personal-best, a 20.14 clocking from the Golden South Classic in Orlando, came within just one-hundredth of a second from the American junior record set by Roy Martin in 1985. Hill and LSU's Aaron Ernest (New Orleans, La.) are America's entries in the 100 and 200 meters and are key cogs for Team USA's 4x100 that has won the last two and four out of the last five golds.
The U.S. 4x400 has won the last five and all but two golds in World Junior Championships history. Recent high school grads Aldrich Bailey (Arlington, Texas) and Arman Hall (Pembrooke Pines, Fla.) are the U.S. 400-meter crew and will figure into America's bid to continue dominance in the relay. Bailey holds the world's second-best junior time of the year at 400 meters (45.19) and was a semifinalist at this year's Olympic Team Trials. Hall was the 2011 World Youth Champion in the event, and, with a season's best of 45.59, he stands in the top five among world juniors. Both Bailey and Hall, along with relay-pool member Cameron Burrell (Houston, Texas), won World Youth gold in the medley relay in 2011.
Tyler Sorensen (San Diego, Calif.) is the American junior record holder in the 10,000-meter race walk (41:23.14). On the international stage, he most recently placed fifth in the 2011 World Youth Championships. In addition, Sorensen was sixth at the U.S. Olympic Team Trials in the 20k Race Walk.
In the decathlon, University of Arkansas' Gunnar Nixon (Edmond, Okla.) holds the American junior record with senior implements, having scored 7,892 points in finishing fifth at the NCAA Championships back in June.
The U.S. women's team is a very talented bunch and could prove to be one of the best in American junior history. In addition, as winners of the past four world titles in the 4x100 and last five in the 4x400, the U.S. women are strongly suited to continue their strong junior-championship record in the relays.
The most internationally ballyhooed on the U.S. team is Illinois freshman Ashley Spencer (Indianapolis, Ind.). Spencer holds the world-junior leading mark of 50.95 in the 400 meters, set in the capture of the NCAA title back in June. Spencer became the first freshman to win the U.S. collegiate title since Sanya Richards of Texas in 2003. Only one woman in history – 400-meter hurdler Lashinda Demus (South Carolina, 2002) – has won the NCAA and World Junior titles in the same event and year.
World Youth gold medalists from 2011 – Jennifer Madu (Murphy, Texas) in the 100 meters and Ajee Wilson (Neptune, N.J.) in the 800 meters – are on the U.S. junior team. Madu, also entered in the triple jump, won a second medal, silver, with the World Youth team on the medley relay in 2011. Clemson's Dezerea Bryant (Milwaukee, Wis.) has at least the 100 and 200 on her schedule along with any relay duty. Bryant was on the gold-winning 4x100 team at the 2010 World Junior Championships.
Morgan Snow (Decatur, Ga.) – a University of Texas freshman – ranks No. 3 on the 100-meter hurdle world junior list at 13.13 seconds. The top five on the world junior list is separated by no more than a tenth-of-a-second and is led by Russia's Ekaterina Bleskina. Snow is also a candidate for relay duty.
A fantastic class of young throwers will be on display for Team USA. Three on this year's roster hold American junior records and four have won international medals at either the 2010 World Youth Championships or the 2011 Pan-American Junior Championships.
An outgoing high-school senior, Shelbi Vaughn (Mansfield, Texas) captured the attention of many when she most recently placed fourth with the discus at the U.S. Olympic Team Trials. She reset the American junior record while winning the U.S. Junior title with a throw of 60.59/198-9 and sits among the world's top five juniors this year. Vaughn was also named the Gatorade National Girls Track & Field Athlete of the Year. Vaughn's qualification round will occur on Friday morning, just a few hours after she is expected to be in Los Angeles to accept her Gatorade honor on Wednesday as part of the ESPY Awards.
While Vaughn is the reigning Pan-American Junior champ and World Youth bronze medalist, fellow discus thrower Alex Collatz (Southern California/Bakersfield, Calif.) is the reigning World Youth silver medalist.
Another high school senior with an American junior record is hammer thrower Shelby Ashe (Stone Mountain, Ga.). Ashe notched a throw of 68.12/223-6 in her title defense of the U.S. junior title and ranks second in the world among juniors this year to only France's Alexandra Tavernier (68.44). Ashe won gold at last year's Pan-Am Junior games, and she was 13th with the hammer at the 2010 World Junior meet.
As a high school junior and only 17 years of age, Haley Crouser (Gresham, Ore.) is already the American junior record holder in the javelin. Her personal best set this April of 55.22/181-2 rests in the world's top ten this year among juniors. Crouser reached the finals and placed seventh at the U.S. Olympic Team Trials.
At the 2010 World Junior Championships in Moncton, Canada, Team USA won 15 medals, including six gold, tying Kenya for lead country in the overall medal count. More impressively, the 2010 squad won the overall scoring title with 183 points, vastly better than the 119 of runner-up Kenya.
The teams are led by head coaches Steve Fritz (men) and Wendy Truvillion (women). Manny Bautista and Carla Coffey are serving as the squad's head managers. The men's staff includes assistant coaches Chris Asher, Glenn Latimer, and Gary Aldrich. The women's coaching crew includes assistants Megan Watson, Michele Curcio, and Apryl Hampton. Junko Yazawa leads the athletic training team with Aki Tajima assisting. Dr. Amadeus Mason serves as the team doctor while Traci Statler is the team's sports psychologist.
Live results and coverage of the World Junior Championships can be found at IAAF.org. UniversalSports.com will offer live broadcast coverage starting on Saturday, July 14 at 12:20 p.m., Eastern. Day five and six evening session coverage can be found on the site for $5.99. DirecTV and Dish Network subscribers can log on to the site and watch the broadcast for free.
Follow the team and send your best wishes via the squad's Facebook page (http://www.facebook.com/USABarcelona2012).
The U.S. will host the IAAF World Junior Championships for the first time in 2014 as Eugene, Ore., is set to host.
2012 Team USA at World Junior Championships – By the Numbers
Most Squad Members by Hometown State (leaders)
Most Squad Members by College (leaders)
(34 of 80 on squad were in high school in 2012)
Oldest: Olivia Ekponé, 200 (January 5, 1993 – currently 19)
Youngest: Mary Cain, 1500 (May 3, 1996 – currently 16)
World Junior Leaders
Tyreek HILL – 200 (20.14)
Ashley SPENCER – 400 (50.95)
American Junior Record Holders
Tyler SORENSEN – 10k Race Walk (41:23.14)
Gunnar NIXON – Decathlon [senior implements] (7,892)
Shelby ASHE – Hammer (68.12/223-6)
Haley CROUSER – Javelin (55.22/181-2)
Shelbi VAUGHN – Discus (60.59/198-9)
Olympic Trials Experience
2012 U.S. Olympic Team Trials – Eugene, Ore.
Aldrich BAILEY – 400 (14th)
Sean KELLER – Javelin (8th)
Tyler SORENSEN – 20k Race Walk (6th)
Mary CAIN – 800 (18th SF)
Haley CROUSER – Javelin (7th)
Emily GROVE – Pole Vault (NH)
Shelbi VAUGHN – Discus (4th)
Ajee WILSON – 800 (14th SF)
International Experience among U.S. Junior Squad Members
2011 World Youth Championships – Lille, France
Arman HALL – Medley Relay (GOLD), 400 (GOLD)
Aldrich BAILEY – Medley Relay (GOLD), 400 (6th)
Cameron BURRELL – Medley Relay (GOLD), Long Jump (part)
Devin BOGERT – Javelin (7th)
Tyler SORENSEN – 10k Race Walk (5th)
Rudy WINKLER – Hammer (9th)
Jennifer MADU – 100 (GOLD), Medley Relay (SILVER), Triple Jump (10th)
Ajee WILSON – 800 (GOLD)
Kendall BAISDEN – Medley Relay (SILVER), 400 (6th)
Robin REYNOLDS – Medley Relay (SILVER)
Alex COLLATZ – Discus (SILVER)
Shelbi VAUGHN – Discus (BRONZE)
Kendell WILLIAMS – 100 Hurdles (BRONZE), Heptathlon (11th)
Ciarra BREWER – Triple Jump (7th)
Haley CROUSER – Javelin (4th)
Hannah MEIER – 1500 (9th)
Brianna NERUD – Steeplechase (7th)
Torie OWERS – Shot Put (5th)
Sydney WHITE – Pole Vault (8th)
2011 Pan-American Junior Games – Miramar, Fla.
Gunnar NIXON – Decathlon (SILVER)
Eddie OWENS – Steeplechase (SILVER)
Sean KELLER – Javelin (6th)
Tyler SORENSEN – 10k Race Walk (5th)
Shelby ASHE – Hammer (GOLD)
Shelbi VAUGHN – Discus (GOLD)
Christina HILLMAN – Shot Put (SILVER)
Allison WOODWARD – 3000 (SILVER)
2011 World Cross Country Championships – Punta Umbria, Spain
Aisling CUFFE – 6k Junior (17th)
2010 World Junior Championships – Moncton, Canada
Tyler SORENSEN – 10k Race Walk (15th)
Dezerea BRYANT – 4x100 (GOLD)
Shelby ASHE – Hammer (13th)
Ajee WILSON – 800 (5th)
2010 Youth Olympic Games -- Singapore
Devin BOGERT – Javelin (SILVER)
Robin REYNOLDS – 400 (GOLD), Sprint Medley (GOLD)
Le'Tristian PLEDGER – Long Jump (SILVER)
Olivia EKPONÉ – 200 (BRONZE)
2009 World Youth Championships – Bressanone, Italy
Jarrett SAMUELS – Long Jump (6th)
Nikita KIRILLOV – Pole Vault (part)
Collegiate Gems on World Stage
NCAA Champs and World Junior Champs in same year:
Kirani James (Alabama/GRN), 400 meters, 2010
Kerron Clement (Florida/USA), 400 meter hurdles, 2004
Jeshua Anderson (Washington State/USA), 400 meter hurdles, 2008
Lashinda Demus (South Carolina/USA), 400 meter hurdles, 2002
2012 NCAA Championships – Des Moines, Iowa (national top-eight)
(U.S. junior squad members finishing in national top-eight)
Aaron ERNEST (LSU) – 100 (8th), 200 (5th)
Dalton ROWAN (Texas A&M) – Discus (8th)
Gunnar NIXON (Arkansas) – Decathlon (5th)
Ashley SPENCER (Illinois) – 400 (WINNER)
Allison WOODWARD (Oregon) – 10k (5th)
Emily GROVE (South Dakota) – Pole Vault (7th)
Ciarra BREWER (Florida) – Triple Jump (4th)
Brianna BAIN (Oregon) – Javelin (2nd)
A Glance into the Future
Team USA – 2012 Olympians on Past Two World Junior Teams
2010 World Junior Championships – Moncton, Canada
Josh MANCE – 400 [OG '12 – Relay Pool]
Diamond DIXON – Relay Pool [OG '12 – Relay Pool]
2008 World Junior Championships – Bydgoszcz, Poland
Ryan BAILEY – Relay Pool (OG '12 – 100)
Donn CABRAL – 10k (OG '12 – Steeplechase)
Matthew CENTROWITZ – 5000 (OG '12 – 1500)
Evan JAGER – 1500 (OG '12 – Steeplechase)
Marquise GOODWIN – Long Jump
Erik KYNARD – High Jump
Christian TAYLOR – Triple Jump
Jeneba TARMOH – 100 (OG '12 – Relay Pool)


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Small number of counties leads the way in reducing smoking rates in the US
Nationally, smoking rates have decreased since 1996, but the declines have been driven by a relatively small share of counties across the US, according to new research from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington.
The study, "Cigarette smoking prevalence in US counties: 1996-2012," was published March 24 in the open-access, peer-reviewed journal Population Health Metrics.
Total cigarette smoking prevalence – the percentage of the population that smokes – has not decreased significantly in all counties but, because a small group of counties accounts for a large percentage of the population, three-quarters of men and two-thirds of women live in counties that did see significant declines.
Most of the decline in smoking rates has occurred within the past decade. Nationally, smoking rates have declined for men from 27.3% to 22.2%, and for women from 22.2% to 17.9% between 1996 and 2012. In individual counties there were much bigger gains.
Annualized rate of change captures the pace of change in smoking rates between 1996 and 2012. The greatest decline in smoking rates for men was 4.5% per year in Falls Church City, Virginia, and the largest increase for men was 1.1% per year in Issaquena County, Mississippi. The greatest decline in smoking rates for women was 4.1% per year in Maverick County, Texas, and the greatest increase for women was 1.7% per year in McMullen County, Texas.
"We know what works in tobacco control. It's taxation. It's smoking bans. It's advertising bans, among other measures," said IHME Director Dr. Christopher Murray. "We now need to understand what is happening on the ground in these counties that is leading to such great success in parts of New York, Iowa, and Texas, and near total stagnation in parts of Montana, Oklahoma, and Mississippi."
IHME's study found striking differences in smoking rates by geography, gender, and income.
Overall, counties in the South, particularly in Kentucky, Tennessee, and West Virginia, as well as those with large Native American populations, have the highest rates of total cigarette smoking, while counties in Utah and other Western states have the lowest.
Smoking rates for men were high in the South and parts of the Midwest, Alaska, South Dakota, Nevada, and Arizona. In Utah, Colorado, Wyoming, California, Washington, and parts of New England, smoking rates for men were low.
High smoking rates for women were found in southern states, including Kentucky, West Virginia, Tennessee, Missouri, Oklahoma, Arkansas, and Louisiana. Female smoking rates also were high in parts of Alaska, Nevada, Arizona, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Counties with the lowest rates of smoking for women were found in Utah, Colorado, Wyoming, California, and the area along the Mexico-Texas border.
Out of all counties in the US, men in Falls Church City, Virginia, had the lowest total cigarette smoking prevalence in 2012, at 9.9%, and men in Northwest Arctic Borough, Alaska, had the highest at 41.5%. For women, smoking rates were lowest in Utah County, Utah, at 5.8%, and highest in Northwest Arctic Borough, Alaska, at 40.8%.
Smoking rates vary dramatically between counties and even within states.
For men, Virginia had the largest gap in the highest and lowest smoking rates among counties: a 23.6 percentage point difference between men in Falls Church City (9.9%) and their counterparts in Sussex County (33.5%). Alaska was the state with the largest gap for women, a 25.4 percentage point difference between Haines Borough (15.4%) and Northwest Arctic Borough (40.8%).
"What we are seeing with gaps in smoking rates is very similar to what we have seen with gaps in life expectancy between counties," said Dr. Ali Mokdad, Professor of Global Health at IHME and one of the study authors. "It should not be the case that in one county in Virginia less than 10 percent of people smoke while nearby a full third do. And it shouldn't be the case that people are living more than a decade longer in some counties than in others."
Evaluating smoking rates at the county level provides a more detailed picture of which communities have made progress on tobacco control and which ones are falling behind. While state-level policies may not be implemented or enforced evenly across all jurisdictions, local jurisdictions have the ability to implement their own tobacco control policies and programs.
According to the most recent figures from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, coordinated by IHME, tobacco smoking was linked to 465,000 deaths and 12% of total health loss in the US. Globally, tobacco led to 5.7 million deaths and 5.5% of total health loss. These estimates exclude the effects of secondhand smoke.
Although it's been 50 years since the first US Surgeon General's report on the negative health impact of smoking, some counties in the US have higher smoking rates than certain countries around the world.
For women, nearly half of all the countries in the world, including Indonesia and Saudi Arabia, have lower daily smoking prevalence than any county in the US. At the same time, only 1.6% of countries have higher female daily smoking prevalence than any county in the US.
Many of the counties with the lowest smoking rates for women are in Utah, ranging from 9.1% to 5.8%. And yet, daily smoking prevalence for women in 2012 was even lower in countries such as India and Thailand.
It continues to be true that men smoke at higher rates than women nearly everywhere you go in the U.S. In the vast majority of counties, men smoked cigarettes at higher rates than women.
That was true in 99% of counties in 1996 and 96.4% of counties in 2012.
The researchers also broke down the findings by income group. They found that those who live in counties with higher incomes tended to smoke a lot less over time than those living in counties with lower incomes. In the top income group, 75% of counties saw a statistically significant decline in male smoking from 1996 to 2012, compared to 14% of counties in the bottom income group. For women, 45% of the counties in the top income group saw significant smoking declines, while only 4% of counties in the bottom income group had significant declines.
"We know that there is a very strong relationship between poverty and people's health," said the study's lead author, Laura Dwyer-Lindgren. "We need to better understand how to break that connection between poverty and health outcomes, not only with smoking but with a range of risk factors."
Which counties had the highest and lowest total cigarette smoking prevalence for men in 2012?
Falls Church City, VA 9.9%
Utah County, UT 9.9%
Davis County, UT 11.7%
Wasatch County, UT 11.8%
Arlington County, VA 11.8%
Summit County, UT 12.5%
Howard County, MD 12.7%
Whitman County, WA 12.8%
Cache County, UT 12.8%
Loudoun County, VA 13.1%
Northwest Arctic Borough, AK 41.5%
Wade Hampton, AK 41.2%
Nome Census Area, AK 38.1%
Shannon County, SD 37.9%
Sioux County, ND 37.7%
Bethel Census Area, AK 37.5%
Lee County, KY 37.4%
Clay County, KY 37.2%
East Carroll Parish, LA 37%
Issaquena County, MS 36.8%
Which counties had the highest and lowest total cigarette smoking prevalence for women in 2012?
Utah County, UT 5.8%
Wasatch County, UT 7.1%
Davis County, UT 8.3%
Hidalgo County, TX 8.6%
San Mateo County, CA 8.7%
Cameron County, TX 8.8%
Summit County, UT 8.9%
Santa Clara County, CA 9%
Cache County, UT 9.1%
Los Angeles County, CA 9.6%
Northwest Arctic Borough, AK 40.8%
North Slope Borough, AK 37.5%
Menominee County, WI 36.5%
Clay County, KY 36.2%
Wade Hampton, AK 36.2%
Nome Census Area, AK 35.8%
Buffalo County, SD 35.4%
Knox County, KY 34.7%
Shannon County, SD 34.1%
Elliott County, KY 34%
For men, which counties had the fastest declines and the biggest annual increases in total cigarette smoking prevalence between 1996 and 2012?
Falls Church City, VA -4.5%
Arlington County, VA -3.2%
San Francisco County, CA -3.1%
Loudoun County, VA -2.9%
New York County, NY -2.8%
Orange County, CA -2.8%
Dallas County, IA -2.8%
Rockingham County, NH -2.8%
San Mateo County, CA -2.8%
Utah County, UT -2.8%
Issaquena County, MS 1.1%
Meagher County, MT 0.9%
Bent County, CO 0.8%
Hardy County, WV 0.7%
East Carroll Parish, LA 0.7%
Wheeler County, GA 0.6%
Benson County, ND 0.5%
Claiborne County, MS 0.5%
Lee County, AR 0.5%
Lincoln County, AR 0.4%
For women, which counties had the fastest declines and the biggest annual increases in total cigarette smoking prevalence between 1996 and 2012?
Maverick County, TX -4.1%
Hidalgo County, TX -3.7%
San Luis Obispo County, CA -3.7%
Falls Church City, VA -3.7%
Webb County, TX -3.6%
Santa Barbara County, CA -3.5%
San Francisco County, CA -3.5%
San Mateo County, CA -3.4%
Wasatch County, UT -3.4%
Chittenden County, VT -3.3%
McMullen County, TX 1.7%
Mineral County, WV 1.6%
Muskogee County, OK 1.4%
Allen Parish, LA 1.4%
Bristol City, VA 1.4%
Benson County, ND 1.3%
Grant County, WV 1.2%
Hampshire County, WV 1.2%
Adair County, OK 1.2%
Sullivan County, TN 1.2%
Explore further
An online visualization tool showing data for each county is available at: www.healthmetricsandevaluation … zation/us-health-map


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Remove FiltersCollection: Serials OR Collection: Map Cabinet OR Collection: Annual Reports Author: Atlantic Geoscience Society
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12 Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources 11 Geological Survey of Canada 11 Nova Scotia. Dept. of Natural Resources 5 Nova Scotia Department of Lands and Forests 4 Canadian Forestry Service 4 Nova Scotia. Dept. of Natural Resources, Integrated Pest Management more ... 3 Geological Society of America 3 Giles, Peter S., 1945- 3 Memorial University of Newfoundland 3 Mineralogical Association of Canada 3 National Research Council of Canada 3 Nova Scotia Petroleum Directorate 3 Society of American Foresters 2 Association of Exploration Geochemists 2 Canadian Wood Council 2 Dehler, S.A. 2 Dehler, S.A. (comp.) 2 Durling, P. 2 Environmental Systems Research Institute (Redlands, Calif.) 2 Forest Engineering Research Institute of Canada 2 Forestry Canada 2 Geological Association of Canada 2 Giles, Peter S. 2 Maritimes Forest Research Centre 2 Natural Areas Association (U.S.) 2 Natural Resources Education Centre 2 Nova Scotia Primary Forest Products Marketing Board 2 Nova Scotia Trails Federation 2 Nova Scotia. Dept. of Lands and Forests 2 Society for Conservation Biology see all ... less ...
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Customized SEO Approach
Known as the new marketing strategy, customization could definitely help you in creating an advanced SEO for Roofing Contractors in San Jose. Not because everyone in your niche is doing the same thing, you also need to follow them. In marketing, you need to do the tactics your competitors aren't doing. With our SEO services for roofers in San Jose, we do solid research on how to make you stand out from your competitors.


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Coack Osieck has tough task to raise Socceroos FIFA ranking
Socceroos coach Holger Osieck has a tough 2013 ahead of him if the latest FIFA world rankings are anything to go by.
The Australians have slipped to their lowest ranking since November 2008, dropping three places to 36th.
The Socceroos started the year in 23rd but despite winning all but one of their East Asian Cup qualifiers and beating South Korea away in a friendly, they have slipped further down the order.
Rising as high as 20th in March, the Aussies are now below the likes of Zambia (34) and Japan (22).
Also on the decline is four-time World Cup winner Brazil, which has dropped to 18th place.
European and World Champion Spain is on top of the pile for the fifth year in succession, with Joachim Loew's Germany cementing second place.
Argentina remains third, while Italy, which reached the final of Euro 2012, is in fourth.
The biggest mover for 2012 is Colombia, which has risen from 36th spot up to fifth since the start of the year, with England staying in sixth.


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Opera IL TROVATORE
Giuseppe Verdi
IL TROVATORE, G. Verdi: Oct 4, 2020 Teatro La Fenice, Venezia. Exclusive music trip Italy with two nights, premium tickets, city tour, dinner and aperitif.
- This event has passed.
IL TROVATORE • Oct-4 2020 | Teatro La Fenice, Venice
Venice, the city built on water. Blessed with a historic opera house, the Teatro La Fenice, the most famous and renowned landmark in the history of Italian theatre. It was lost to fire 3 times, and always rebuilt. Hence the name La Fenice, the Phoenix, the bird rising from the ashes.
Venice is a very unique place in the world. It is so different and beautiful that it is hard to grasp unless you have been and felt it. First-time visitors are best advised to arrive well prepared and guided.
Travel Description
Music trip Venice superior
- Exclusive, private guided tours in your language
- Gourmet Dinner (prepaid)
- Aperitif before the performance
- Premium tickets in the parquet area at the La Fenice opera house
- 2 nights accommodation with breakfast
- Public transport ticket for 3 days (over water)
- Private water taxi transfer to/from hotel on request
Program day by day
Day 1
- Arrival to Venice
- Transfer to hotel by public transport or Water Taxi as requested
- Check-in to your room in the selected category
- Rest in the hotel or explore the neighborhood at your own pace
- Gourmet dinner in a restaurant in or near your hotel matching the selected hotel category, prepaid, 3 or 4 course menu, including drinks)
- Overnight in your hotel
Day 2
- Breakfast at the hotel
- Exclusive private guided tour in your language as selected, see "Private Tours"
- Before going to the theater; Gondola tour 45 minutes followed by a memorable aperitif with appetizers in a historic place
- Opera or Ballet performance as selected
- Overnight in your hotel
Day 3
- Breakfast at the hotel
- Departure by public transport of water taxi as booked
- End of the program
Extension of stay or onward arrangements for other places in Italy can be arranged.


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Airport check-ins for passengers are heading for higher technological ground.
The Transportation Security Administration is testing a system that checks identification and boarding passes by machine rather than the standard visual check by officers.
The tests began last week at Washington-Dulles International Airport and will start Tuesday at George Bush Intercontinental Airport in Houston and April 23 in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The review will last several months, gauging such things as how fast passengers move through the line and how accurate the machines are.
While TSA officers have been checking identification with black lights and magnifying glasses, the machines are geared to recognize all valid identification, ranging from driver's licenses to tribal IDs and U.S. and foreign passports.
TSA hopes the machines will do a more efficient job weeding out fraudulent documents and getting passengers to their planes.
"For efficiency, it is fantastic," says Domenic Bianchini, TSA director of checkpoint technology. "We think it's a valuable technology, and we think over time we will see the real value added."
As demonstrated at Dulles, passengers step up to the TSA desk and scan the bar codes of their boarding passes, like a can of soup at the self-checkout at a grocery store. The TSA officer scans the identification, which the machine authenticates and compares with the boarding pass.
The machine doesn't store any personal information about the passenger, says Greg Soule, a TSA spokesman.
A discrepancy can lead to more questions or checking the identification more closely. When a TSA officer had a question last week about the identification of a bespectacled man in khakis and a dark blazer, she scrutinized the driver's license under a magnifying glass and then asked a few more questions before sending the passenger on his way.
If a fraudulent document is found, the passenger is referred to law-enforcement officials for possible charges.
The first 30 machines cost $3.2 million, Soule says. Three companies — BAE Systems Information Solutions, Trans Digital Technologies and NCR Government Systems — provided the initial machines that were customized for TSA.


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Proudly Made in America
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Advanced design improves sustain and tuning accuracy over traditional style tremolos. When used in conjunction with the LSR Roller Nut or a Graph Tech Black TUSQ XL nut and locking tuners, Wilkinsons stay in tune! This bridge features stainless steel saddles, arm, and studs. It has an easy detachable arm with a nylon adjustment collar for very smooth operation. This bridge has a string spread of 2-1/8" (54mm).
All the plating features a honed (satin) finish.
For mounting, this bridge is the ultimate in self-alignment. The left stud locates the bridge in its half circle detent and the other rests against a straight blade for consistent, accurate pivoting and position. This is a proven, excellent bridge design.
If you supply us with your studs & inserts, or buy the bridge or studs from us, we will install them in your new Warmoth body for just +$10.00.
Drilled for .382" (9.70 mm) diameter insert
NOTE: Rout not available on Tele® Deluxe bodies. Studs interfere with pickguard.
Warmoth Guitar Products
Copyright © 2020 Warmoth Guitar Products. All rights reserved.


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BRISBANE, Australia (AP) Andy Murray kicked off 2013 with a successful defense of his Brisbane International title, holding off the up-and-coming Bulgarian Grigor Dimitrov 7-6 (0), 6-4 and then dedicating Sunday's victory to an absent friend.
``Thank you very much,'' Murray said, his voice starting to break at the end of the trophy presentation. ``He's back home watching ... you're going to get through.''
He didn't immediately reveal the name of his friend, but signed ``For You Perched'' on a small plaque.
Murray began his breakthrough season in 2012 by winning in Brisbane and followed that up later with career-changing titles at the London Olympics and U.S. Open.
He heads into the Australian Open, starting Jan. 14, as the reigning major champion and without the enormous pressure that has followed him on every previous trip to Australia to end what had been a drought dating back to 1936 for British men at majors.
The 21-year-old Dimitrov raced to a 4-1 lead in his first ATP World Tour final, stunning Murray with some impressive single-handed backhands, but lost his nerve and was broken when serving for the set at 5-3. After getting back on serve, No. 3-ranked Murray saved a set-point with an ace and forced a tiebreaker, which he dominated.
In the second, Murray drilled a backhand into the net to give up a service break and a 4-3 lead to Dimitrov, and chastised himself as he sat in his chair at the changeover, yelling: ``legs, legs, legs, legs, legs.''
He raised his game immediately to break back in a three-game roll, getting quick points from a backhand passing shot and a stunning return to set up a break point and a backhand winner down the line to level.
Murray held at love for a 5-4 lead in a service game that lasted 56 seconds and then broke Dimitrov again to finish it off in 1 1/2 hours.
``I was up a break and I was actually not playing bad tennis at all I thought,'' the No. 48-ranked Dimitrov said. ``He's one of the best returners in the game by far. He picked up couple of my serves on big points, so that gave him extra confidence. Then he stepped up with his serve.
``He's a top guy, so he has his rhythm, his routine on court. When he has to play good, he plays good. So I didn't feel that I was far from winning the set or even the match, but still that was a little margin that he got covered.''
Dimitrov beat No. 2-seeded Milos Raonic, the big-serving Canadian, No. 7 Jurgen Melzer and 2006 Australian Open finalist Marcos Baghdatis en route to his first career final.
And Murray thinks Dimitrov, who has been compared with 17-time Grand Slam winner Roger Federer as a younger player, could be on the verge of bigger things.
``It's his first final. Everyone will agree he played some extremely exciting tennis, it was a very tough match,'' Murray said. ``He's just changed coaches, started with a new team, so congratulations to them - I'm sure they're going to do great things together.''
Murray made a shaky start to the tournament, dropping a set in his first match against No. 199-ranked Australian qualifier John Millman, but the Scot gradually picked up momentum in wins over Denis Istomin and - after falling behind a break in the first set - was leading fifth-seeded Kei Nishikori 6-4, 2-0 when the Japanese player withdrew from their semifinal with an injured left knee.


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Adam Levine spans music and television with his leading six nominations for the People's Choice Awards.
The Maroon 5 frontman and star of TV's "The Voice" is up for favorite band, song, album and music video, along with favorite celebrity judge and favorite competition TV show.
Nominations were announced Thursday at the Paley Center for Media in Beverly Hills, Calif.
U.S. & World
Justin Bieber has five nods, followed by the newly crowned "Sexiest Man Alive" Channing Tatum with four. "Glee" was the most-nominated TV show with five, and "The Avengers" leads movie nominees with eight.
Fans chose the nominees by voting online and can do the same to select the winners. Voting in 48 categories continues through Dec. 13.
The People's Choice Awards will be presented Jan. 9, 2013, and broadcast on CBS.
Copyright Associated Press


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500 Columns: Lee Dye, Unusual Science Guy
Dec. 6, 2006 -- When I first started writing this column, I thought it would last about six months. That was nearly 10 years ago. This is my 500th column on science for ABCNews.com. That may be somewhat of an Internet record, which is probably more of a tribute to my long-suffering editors than it is to my personal endurance.
Much has changed over those years. We didn't have search engines in the beginning, so just finding a lead was a challenge. But as the medium evolved, it became easier for me to live out a dream of living on an island in Alaska, in a log cabin built by myself and my wife, Sherie.
As a print journalist, I didn't know what to expect from writing for the Web, which most of us in the "mainline" media thought of as a retarded stepchild. But my very first column taught me that this was a field that deserved to be taken seriously.
ABCNews.com wasn't even legitimate during its first week of operation. It would be several weeks before its presence would be announced by the network. I didn't expect a lot of readers with my first effort because few people even knew that the site had "gone live," as they say in the TV biz. But I ran across a lead that I felt was important.
NASA had turned to the public for help in finding new ways for launching spacecraft into space. No idea was to be considered too wild. Space elevators consisting of craft that would literally ride a beam of light into orbit, and spaceships powered by solar wind like sailboats crossing the sea were among the concepts being explored.
It was a terrific story. But to be honest, I don't have any real evidence that anyone even saw it except the people I wrote about -- and they saw it because I e-mailed it to them. But for years after that I received e-mail from those very clever folks, keeping me informed about the evolution and status of their ideas.
Obviously, they took this new medium very seriously. And from that point on, so did I.
From L.A. Times to 'Dyehard'
I was not new to science writing, having spent several years covering science for The Los Angeles Times. But the Web changed my thinking about science and the remarkable people who pursue its goals. As most people reading this column know, the Web is a very intimate form of communication. It's possible to get to know someone quite well who's on the other side of the globe.
Years ago, I was trying to reach an American scientist who was studying neutrinos, those infinitely small subatomic particles that bombard us from space. But he was far from his office, and very difficult to reach.
But I interviewed him anyway, by e-mail. I was in my cabin in Alaska. He was in Japan. In a cave. An underground reservoir in the cave captured neutrinos as they blasted through the Earth, and my new friend was willing to share his excitement with a reporter he had never met. We talked for several days, spanning an ocean. E-mail had suddenly shrunken the Earth. No scientist was beyond my reach.
Deconstructing Scientists
So over the last decade I've interviewed hundreds of scientists, from many different fields, and I can tell you that these people are among the most misunderstood folks on the planet. People who know little about science think of scientists as aloof, non-communicative, borderline savants who can't remember where they left their car keys.
Hogwash. Most scientists I've met are pretty much like the rest of us. They have many interests beyond their work. But they care passionately about science.
My best friend, Frank Dalton, is a physicist who is among the world's leading experts on the dynamics of soil. But he also can build a terrific classical guitar.
We've talked for many years about science, and guitars, and golf, and it all leads me to wonder where the nonsense came from about scientists not being able to talk about their work in language that the rest of us can understand. Most scientists either have worked, or still work, as teachers, and they love to talk about their work. Sometimes, it's harder to get them off the phone than it was to get them on. They can be terrific communicators.
One of my favorites is physicist Hartmut Sadrozinski of the University of California, Santa Cruz. He couldn't get his teenage son interested in physics, so he found a fun way to do it. How do you make a kid appreciate something as arcane as electromagnetic fields? Easy. Zap the prof with lightning.
Sadrozinski came up with a suit of armor that looked like something from the Middle Ages. Then he toured local high schools, wearing the armor and allowing students to flip a switch that blasted the armor with lightning. The powerful charge made a terrific sound, produced the stench of ozone, but traveled around the outside of the armor to the ground in a perfect demonstration of how an electric field behaves. Sadrozinski was unscathed.
At last his son could hear, smell and see physics in action. But the last time I checked, he was headed for a career in marine biology. Can't win them all.
Elvis the Calculus Dog
And then there's mathematician Tim Pennings of Hope College, Holland, Mich., who announced one day that his dog, Elvis, could do calculus.
A basic problem in calculus is finding the quickest route from one point to another, weighing all sorts of variables. So one day Pennings lectured his class about calculating variations in speed when a route included some swimming, and some running.
A few days later, he tossed a tennis ball into Lake Michigan and watched his Welsh Corgi follow a convoluted course in retrieving the ball in the shortest possible time.
"I thought, man, that's exactly what I drew on the board," he told me. "He's doing the very same thing."
Elvis, he insists, was doing calculus.
You've got to love these folks. For them, science is an adventure, an intellectual journey through the wonders of life.
No doubt they've turned many young people on to science. They are probably among those I hear from regularly, asking me to send them all my "stuff" on some subject.
I wish them the best of luck. But I don't do homework.


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Hot Dog Of The Week: Texas Weiners
Past Weeks' Dogs
The Philly Combo
Tijuana Dogs
Flo's Hot Dogs, Cape Neddick, Maine
The first, possibly most important thing to note about Texas Weiners is that they have absolutely nothing to do with Texas. Originating in Paterson, New Jersey, at Greek-owned hot dog restaurants, a Texas Weiner is deep fried and served with Greek sauce--a smooth, slow cooked meat sauce spiced with cayenne, cinnamon, allspice, cloves and cumin. It's more of a Greek Bolognese or Saltsa Kima than anything resembling Texas Chili. Legend has it the recipe is a closely guarded secret to this day. A Texas Weiner "all the way" includes mustard and diced onions.
Texas Weiners also spread to Philadelphia and across Central and Northeastern Pennsylvania, where they are usually split and grilled rather than deep fried, but still normally Greek-owned, and with a similar secret sauce said to have been passed down from a mysterious Greek gentleman. Gravy fries are a popular side dish, or even pierogies at Yocco's in Allentown, which might be the only Italian-owned Texas Weiner stand in the world.
The Coney Connection
In 1916, Nathan's opened in Coney Island. Nathan's never served Greek sauce, but their "Coney Sauce," a similar spicy tomato and meat sauce that had not yet been altered by Greek cooks or named "chili". Nathan Handwerker, who was Polish, and his German mentor Charles Feltman are credited with popularizing the hot dog in America, and creating the business model for the hundreds or thousands of weiner stands that would open over the next two decades.
A few Pennsylvania hot dog stands actually challenge the claim that Jersey had the first. Texas Hot Dogs in Altoona, Pennsylvania, claims to have opened in 1918. Coney Island Lunch in Scranton also claims to serve the original Texas Weiner, opening in 1923, as did Texas Weiners in Philadelphia. New Jersey didn't have a Texas Weiner until 1924. So for a minute, I thought the Jersey claim was incorrect. But recently, hot dog historians have uncovered information about a hot dog stand in Paterson before 1920, and if you look at the geographical evolution of the Texas Weiner phenomenon, it's pretty clear that New Jersey is the epicenter.
Further Afield
In western Pennsylvania we find a lot of Texas Lunch stands, and then Dallas Hot Weiners in New York State. Even further north there's Texas Hots in Rochester and Buffalo; served with a chunkier sauce that contains bread crumbs, they also claim early 1900's authenticity. Then in Ohio it's Skyline Chili, also founded by Greek immigrants, and Michigan's many Coney Island stands--which, you may not be surprised to hear, also go back to a single Greek entrepreneur in 1917 with a secret family recipe. I would guess Rhode Island's New York System Hot Weiners are also part of the Texas Weiner family tree. Even the northernmost tips of West Virginia and Maryland have a few Coney Island Weiner stands. (South of that, it's all slaw country.)
Check out this handy Google map I created to chart the evolution of the Texan Weiner phenomenon. It's actually pretty incredible that so many of these places are still open. Texas Weiner road trip, anybody?
View Texas Weiner Map in a larger map
Regardless of who made the first, the real discovery here is that Greek immigrants and Greek cooking had more to do with the popularization of hot dogs and what we call chili in America than anyone else.
The story of the hot dog may be more all-American than we think. Brought over from Germany, popularized in Coney Island by Polish Jews, then spread across the country by Greeks--it eventually filtered through every regional and ethnic variation imaginable.
Hungry for More?
Check out this fantastic article about Texas Weiners on the Library of Congress Website. And don't miss this amazing commercial from Clifton, New Jersey's own Hot Grill, that pretty much sums up the "Texas" marketing theme.
Hawk Krall is a Philadelphia-based illustrator who has a serious thing for hot dogs. Dig his dog drawings? Many of the illustrations he has created for Hot Dog of the Week are available for sale: hawkkrall.net/prints/.
All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.


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UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. -- Peter Forster, a senior lecturer at Penn State's College of Information Sciences and Technology (IST) and formerly executive director of Online Education, has been promoted to assistant dean for online programs and professional education.
"Dr. Forster's promotion to assistant dean for online programs and professional education is in recognition of both the extensive growth of IST online programs as well as increased organizational responsibilities," said David Hall, dean of the College of IST. "He is uniquely qualified for the position and has a proven track record in leading the growth of online programs for IST."
Since its inception, the IST online program has grown to more than 500 undergraduate degree-seeking students, and 150 matriculated graduate students pursuing one of three masters of professional studies (MPS) degrees offered by the college. An additional 30 students are pursuing one of two online graduate certificates. In his new role, Forster will oversee the Office of Instructional Design and Innovation, the Office of Online Education, the Office of Resident Graduate Programs Administration and work with multiple academic program coordinators. In addition, he will define, pursue and implement new programs related to professional education, as well as creation of new Massive Online Open Source Courses (MOOCs) in conjunction with the World Campus.
"The College of IST manages information and powers intelligence," Forster said. "In such a role, it should be a leader in integrating technology to extend access to educational opportunities, offering content on information sciences that helps people maneuver in today's technologically dependent world, and understanding the impact of technology on education and the world. I am excited to be so closely involved in the college's strategic direction."
As executive director of Online Education, Forster was responsible for creating, managing and growing IST undergraduate and graduate online programs. He holds a doctorate in political science (international relations) and has affiliate faculty status with the School of International Affairs, the Center for Network Centric Cognition and Information Fusion (NC2IF), an IST-based research center, and Penn State Harrisburg.
Forster's primary areas of interest are terrorism/counter-terrorism, risk and crisis management, international relations and national security. He is a member of the NATO/OSCE Partnership for Peace Consortium Counter-Terrorism Working Group which brings academics and practitioners together to examine the global aspects of terrorism and its impact. He has been involved with Penn State's Homeland Security program since its inception including teaching courses on terrorism, crisis management, and Homeland Security specific topics such as intelligence and inter-agency cooperation. Prior to joining IST, he taught courses on international relations, war and international relations of the Middle East. Forster served on the University's Homeland Security Council, the Homeland Security Defense/Education Consortium's sub-committee on curriculum development, the Department of Homeland Security Professional Development and Strategic Studies working group, and is Penn State's representative to the Naval Postgraduate School's University and Agency Partnership Initiative. He is the author of several books, numerous book chapters and papers in refereed conferences. His most recent book, "Multinational Military Intervention," is co-authored with Stephen Cimbala.
Prior to joining the College of IST, Forster worked for 23 years for the Penn State's World Campus, where he was involved in strategic planning and transition to the online environment, as well as being responsible for identifying, designing, developing, delivering and assessing e-learning programs.
"I am very pleased to have Pete working with me in the capacity of assistant dean," said Michael McNeese, senior associate dean for research, graduate studies and academic affairs at the College of IST. "Given the growth and complexities that have developed within the IST Graduate Studies area (both residential and online environments), Pete provides us with highly incisive experiences in educational administration and online operations that will amplify and extend our reach significantly."


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You are a blogger who wants to earn some extra money by including advertising into your posts or your sidebar? Someone who wants to setup ads in a simple and effective way?
Wordpress Ad-Manager offers you a simple solution to implement advertising into your posts, your blog or any other Wordpress page. You can use pictures and images or HTML snippets like Google AdSense to incorporate advertising in an easy way. You are able to select ads via Ad Zones, to re-size them or to limit the height or the width. Wordpress Ad-Manager also offers statistics for the site admin.
However, Wordpress Ad-Manager's best feature is its simplicity. It's easy to set up and also comes with a widget. What more could one want?
Video PreviewYou can find a demo-video of this script on YouTube.
ExamplesIf you want to include a random of your uploaded ads into a post or page, use this shortcode:
[ads]To limit the width/height of the displayed ad, use w/h followed by the amount of pixels, e.g.:
[ads w500] Limits the width to 500px [ads h200] Limits the height to 200px [ads w500 h200] Limits the width to 500px and the height to 200pxTo include a specific ad, use the following shortcode and replace ### with the actual ID of the ad you want to display:
[ad ###]You can use the same parameters as above to limit the width/height, e.g.:
[ad 25] For reference: Embed ad with id 25 [ad 25 w500] Limits the width of the ad with id 25 to 500pxYou can embed an Ad-Zone like this (while ## is the id of the zone):
[ad z##]Again, the same parameters to limit the width/height:
[ad z5] For reference: Embed ad-zone with id 5 [ad z5 h200] Limits the height of the displayed ad to 200px [ad z5 w500 h200] Limits the width of the displayed ad to 500px and the height to 200px
Template TagsAs a developer, you can implement ads via our Template Tags, too. There are three functions to get either the code of a random ad:
adManager::random_ad();a specific ad by id, e.g.:
adManager::specific_ad( 5 );or a random ad out of a zone, e.g.:
adManager::ad_zone( 'z2' ); adManager::ad_zone( 2 ); // New syntax since 1.1
Note that this will get the code of the ad, if you want to output it, you need to set an additional parameter to true (Available since v1.1):
adManager::random_ad( true ); adManager::specific_ad( 5, true ); adManager::ad_zone( 2, true );
Support instructionsDue to the fact that we have lots of other projects at the moment, we won't provide support anymore for any of our products here on CodeCanyon. They work fine for hundreds of customers, if you have a problem this is most likely because of an improper server setup. Thank you for your understanding.
- URL to the installation
- Wordpress admin username and password
- FTP credentials
Changelog1.1.2 – 7th September 2013
- Fix problem with some Wordpress installations where the "Insert into post" button wouldn't work
- Fix error that breaks the
- Possibility to track links within HTML ads
- New syntax for
- Replaced all shortags in the script to lower server requirements
- Improvements
- Fix "Missing argument 2 for wpdb::prepare()" error
- Fix little error
- Fixed an error in the documentation
- First release


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You love taking photos. You carry your DSLR or mirrorless camera along wherever you go. You're always checking out new Photoshop filters or interesting editing applications. You have a Flickr Pro or Smugmug account, and you upload hundreds of photos a year. Now you want a PC that can be responsive and fast when you're editing and tweaking your pictures.
Whether you build your own system or buy one off the shelf, several considerations are key to choosing the right mix of components for a photographer's PC. You want robust storage, a balance between CPU and graphics performance, and a great display. But before I dive into speeds and feeds, let's consider a photographer's requirements.
Meet the Photographer
Every photographer shoots a little differently, has varying workflow needs, and takes a unique attitude toward their photos. In this article, I'm going to talk about a PC as it meets my photo-editing needs and my workflow, which may not be the same as yours. Consider this a rough guide, with rules of thumb that apply to most photographic applications.
Currently I use a Nikon D800 DSLR, and I almost always shoot in raw mode. Raw mode captures the pure sensor data, performing no compression or modification on the data it collects. That translates to large files, and the need to have a photo editor that works well with Nikon's RAW format. In the past I've shot with D7000 and D300 bodies. (I'll discuss software in more detail shortly.)
I shoot a variety of subjects, ranging from flowers to landscape to sports action. I've taken the liberty of sprucing this article up with some of my shots to illustrate what a good production rig allows a user to do.
I prefer shooting with ambient light whenever possible, but I do use flash when necessary. I also own a lighting kit for shooting product photos in my home studio. Here's a quick look at the gear I carry.
Whatever gear you use, a good PC for editing and archiving digital photographs will have a few common elements. Assuming that you hang on to most of your photos, you'll need lots of storage. Photo editing, particularly involving effects such as HDR and noise reduction, requires good performance. If you're editing large RAW images (12 megapixels and beyond), lots of memory helps. You'll also want to display images as accurately as possible, so a good monitor is a must.
Rather than discuss a lot of hypotheticals, let's take a look at a real-world system: my own production PC. Bear in mind that I don't use this computer only for digital photography--I also use it for some light video editing and PC gaming. I'll break it down by each major component type, and I'll suggest alternatives as appropriate.
After going over the needs for a good desktop PC, I'll walk through what you should have when you're on the go. In some ways, choosing a laptop for mobile photo editing is both more complex and simpler.
CPU and Memory
Right now, my production PC carries a Core i7-3930K CPU. The 3930K is a six-core CPU built on Intel's 32nm manufacturing process, so it isn't using the latest-generation Ivy Bridge architecture. It costs about $560, and requires a motherboard that supports an LGA 2011 socket. Such motherboards can be pricey--particularly if you're into heavy-duty overclocking--but I'm content to run the 3930K at its default settings, so in my system the CPU lives in a Gigabyte GA-X79-UD3 motherboard, which is available for under $240.
My machine also has 16GB of RAM, in the form of four Kingston HyperX LoVo DDR3-1600 modules. These modules can run at full 1600MHz (effective) speed at 1.5V. All of this helps the system consume less power. And that 16GB of RAM comes in handy when I have multiple raw images open: The D800's 14-bit raw files range from 45MB to 48MB each, but while I'm editing, they consume more memory than the disk space they occupy.
The 3930K CPU contains six cores, and can execute 12 simultaneous threads. That much power may be overkill for many users, so a good alternative is a CPU in the new Ivy Bridge line, such as the Core i7-3770K. Clocking in at 3.5GHz, the 3770K runs four cores and up to eight threads. It's capable, it costs around $350, and it's quite power efficient. You can buy a Core i7-3770 (note the lack of the "K" suffix) for a little less money. That version of the chip is not overclockable, but most users shouldn't care.
In addition to supporting Hyper-Threading, the Core i7 CPUs offer large L3 caches, which improve performance in most editing applications. If you're eyeing a laptop, ideally you'll want a Core i7 CPU, mostly because i7 processors have larger caches than their Core i5 and i3 siblings.
As for the system's memory, if you edit lots of raw files, I still recommend 16GB of RAM, given that today's memory-module prices are pretty low.
Storage...and More Storage
If you're at all like me, you're shooting a ton of raw images. You may not be using a Nikon D800, but even 12-megapixel raw images consume at least 10MB of disk space each, while 12-bit, 16-megapixel images eat up 14MB to 16MB.
Storage begins with the flash memory cards you use in your camera. Recent developments in flash memory storage technology have afforded us products with very high-speed data rates. The fastest 1000x CompactFlash cards can move data off the card at roughly 120MB per second. The fastest SD Cards are now capable of read speeds up to 95 MBps. Write speeds are slower--closer to 70 MBps for the fastest CompactFlash cards, and only in those cameras with high-speed controllers.
But let's not get too concerned about the write speeds of flash memory cards for our photographer's PC. It's moving data from the card to your PC that can become a bottleneck in the workflow. If you have a 32GB flash memory card packed with 350 45MB RAW images, moving them off the card is an exercise in patience with a USB 2.0 reader. Ideally, you'll want a USB 3.0 reader connected to a USB 3.0 port. I own a US Robotics USB 3.0 reader that works reasonably well.
PC Storage Guidelines
Where do you put all those photographs? Whatever you do, don't store them on the boot drive if you can avoid it. At a minimum, you'll want two drives in your PC. Currently, I have a single, 512GB solid-state drive as my boot drive. A half-terabyte is enough to hold all my applications, as well. My secondary drive is a single 2TB, 7200-rpm Seagate Barracuda XT. If you're concerned about data integrity, you might want a RAID 1 array for your secondary drive, which holds all the Windows user folders, including photo storage. (RAID mirrors two physical drives. You get only half the space, but each volume is a duplicate of the other, preserving your data if one drive fails. Remember, though, that even RAID 1 is no substitute for a good backup plan.)
I need to hammer home two key points when it comes to desktop PC storage for photographers:
- Have more than one physical drive. A good combination consists of an SSD for a boot drive and a large-capacity hard drive or RAID 1 array as secondary storage. Even if you're using standard rotating storage, having two physical drives will improve performance. By keeping applications on the primary drive and photo storage on the secondary drive, you help to increase data throughput. More-sophisticated users can put scratch files on the secondary drive as well, also improving performance.
- Develop a good backup strategy. Even if you're running a RAID 1 array, you aren't completely safe from disaster, since a catastrophic PC failure can kill the array. Making regularly scheduled backups of your photos is critical.
Be somewhat wary of using external drives as primary storage. I've had drives go into sleep mode at awkward times, or lose sync over eSATA. Even with high-performance standards such as eSATA and Thunderbolt, external drive connections aren't always reliable. External drives can be handy for backups, however. I happen to use a NAS (network-attached storage) system for backups, but locally attached external storage is fine. Just make sure you have enough capacity.
For laptops, try to avoid 5400-rpm or slower hard drives. It's great to have a lot of capacity, but most photo applications create a large scratch file on the storage device, and waiting for a slow drive to grind through your editing chores is no fun.
What About the Cloud?
People have spilled lot of virtual ink discussing whether to back up data to cloud storage. I don't use cloud storage for general backups--it's expensive and time-consuming. If you're a subscriber to online photo sharing sites, though, you often can use such services as a kind of cloud backup just for your photos. For example, Flickr Pro costs only $20 per year, and allows unlimited uploads of full-resolution images.
Next Page: Graphics Card and Display


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Letters to the Editor for Jan. 5
Thank you ! Thank you! Thank you!
Please accept our heartfelt love and gratitude with regard to the pasta dinner benefit held for our family on Nov. 10. We wish to thank the Eagles Club for use of their premises and those that donated many hours of preparation for this event from start to finish. A very special thank you to Scarpelli's Restaurant in Torrington, all of those at United Construction and Engineering, Inc. in Torrington and The Law Firm of Bendett & McHugh, P.C. in Farmington for their enormous generosity and support for our family during this difficult time. Dozens of our friends as well as businesses in Torrington and Canton graciously donated items for raffles.
Thank you to our wonderful friends who helped organize this event as well as those that continue to keep us in their thoughts and prayers. Many new friendships have since formed which we are eternally grateful.
May God Bless each and every one of you and may He hold you and your family close to His heart to deliver a New Year of love, happiness and good health.
--Todd, Lisa and Cody Whittemore, Torrington
The rules of the road
Many drivers don't understand the rules of the road. Many people, among other traffic violations, do not signal before they change lanes or turn right or left. They don't come to a complete stop when they can turn right on red, either. I am aware that we live in a very complex society.
Let's not forget that the negligence of some drivers can inflict serious damage to conscientious drivers. I do understand that some of our residents come to this nation with an education level below mediocrity. We should utilize the full potentiality of television, radio and newspapers to re-educate some members of our society. The media can bring some great knowledge and guide negligent people. The ancient Greeks used the theater, free of charge, to educate their citizens on many important issues, including the law!
--Dario Diorio, Torrington
What if ...
In light of the recent tragedy in Newtown, less than 50 miles away, I can't help but ask "What if such a horrific event occurred in the Town of Winchester?" As a Winchester police officer and more importantly, the parent of children in the town's school system, I urge each and every one of you to ask yourselves that same question. When you do, keep in mind that over the course of the past twenty years, the number of Winchester police officers has fallen from twenty four to its current level of sixteen.
Also keep in mind that the only training we sixteen have had in the past ten years is that minimally required to maintain our state certifications. In fact, despite having provided with seventeen new patrol rifles by the federal government at no cost to the town, those weapons remain locked in a closet in their original boxes because there is no money in the budget to train us how to safety utilize them. This is not fault of the Chief of the department. The chief has consistently requested funds for additional manpower, training and equipment only to see those requests rejected. Instead, this is the fault of our Board of Selectman.
The same Board of Selectmen that has refused to fund civil service so that competitive tests can be administered for the hiring of new police officers. And this same Board of Selectmen that has continued to cut the police chief's annual requests for manpower, training and equipment. Additionally, we need to blame all of those taxpayers who continuously vote down the budgets that include the police chief's request for additional funds. I clearly understand the difficult financial times we are all facing.
Myself and several of the officers are also taxpayers in town. However these requests for manpower, training, and equipment are vital for the protection of our town.
And now the superintendent of schools is requesting police coverage at our schools. This is a great idea however most of the time we run with only three officers on a shift and those officers have to respond to calls for service. We have six schools in town. Where would you like those three officers? Police services can be compared to insurance coverage. Nobody likes to pay for it, but when need it you want the best possible protection. It may be too late to address these issues on the current fiscal year but when considering future proposed increases to the police department budget please ask yourselves whether avoiding a tax increase is worth risking the safety of our children and residents.
-- Michael C Roy, president UPSEU Local #330, Winchester police Department


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Kramer & Frank, P.C. (KF) is a full service collection law firm able to handle commercial, retail, and medical collection matters. Our firm provides innovative solutions to maximize collection performance for our clients while maintaining our commitment to legal compliance and treating consumers with dignity and respect.
We have a strong track record in the collection industry. The firm was established in 1975 to exclusively handle creditor collections. In 1985, Kramer & Frank became a professional corporation with the principal shareholders consisting of Irwin James Frankel, David J. Kozeny, and George J. Skupnik, Jr. These partners have been with the firm since 1975 and have devoted their entire practices to specializing in creditors' rights. Additional partners include Timothy M. Bosslet, David L. Smith, Brad Pierce, Pam Patton, and Diane Ortlip.
Kramer & Frank, P.C. has offices in St. Louis and Kansas City, Missouri, and is thus able to handle collection claims in the entire states of Missouri, Kansas and Southern Illinois. The firm represents some of the largest credit grantors in the country as well as many local banks and credit unions. By winning numerous nationwide liquidation and partnership awards, we have demonstrated that we can effectively handle a large volume of claims. We employ 16 attorneys and over 60 support staff in both the St. Louis and Kansas City offices. Our Chief Compliance Officer oversees adherence to relevant state and/or federal regulations, including Fair Debt Collections Practices Act (FDCPA) and Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA).
The firm's collection philosophy has always been to form a successful partnership with our clients by providing quality collections through use of the most efficient methods available. Kramer & Frank, P.C. is a proven performer and considered one of the best collection law firms in the country. We strive to provide first-class collection service, as well as, remain in compliance with all federal, state, and local regulations, and firm and client procedures.


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Washington, Vermont
|This article is a stub. Help us to expand it by contributing your knowledge. For county and town page guidelines, visit U.S. County Page Content Suggestions.
Washington is a town in Orange county, Vermont. It was formed in 1781 in Vt., though the following competing claims for its origins are N.Y. 1770. It has used the following other name(s): Kingsland. The probate district for Washington is Randolph, while the court district is Orange. For more information, contact the town at 2895 VT Rt. 110, Washington 05675. On the attached map, Washington is shown as 5 in Orange county.
For information about the state of Vermont see Vermont Family History Research.


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North Berwick High School
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This video has been licensed to ShareTV for distribution purposes
South Park
I'm Not Actually Funny
Kanye confronts Carlos Mencia about the joke.
More on ShareTV
South Park: It's a Miracle
Stephen gets a promotion at work and a big surprise at home.
South Park: A Drink Before Going Home
The fulfillment center employees try to relax after work, but Amazon's response to a workplace accident convinces everyone to strike.
South Park: Ordering Everything Online
Stephen shows the Tweaks around the Fulfillment Center, but there is an accident during their orientation.
South Park: Going All Out this Year
In hopes of winning the bike parade, Butters shows off his new bike decorations.
South Park: Josh in a Box
Cartman, hoping to get started on the bike parade decorations, learns why his online order has been delayed.


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LAKE ARTIFACT Now Available on VOD from Midnight Releasing
Joyhorror Entertainment is a creative entity that specializes in the science fiction and horror genres, professional wrestling and pop culture. Our mission is to create and provide original content that intrigues the imagination and merges nostalgia with the future. We aim to break through the glass ceiling and redefine everything you thought you knew about entertainment, including but not limited to internet, radio, television and motion pictures. Established in 2015 and founded by Michael Joy.


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The devil offers you a gun full of magic bullets. The only catch? One of those bullets will betray you. That's the premise of The Black Rider by Tom Waits, William Burroughs and Robert Wilson. Someone's posted the garage-band bootleg.
Here's how From This Swamp, the Lovecraftian and Dystopian Music blog, describes the Black Rider bootleg:
Primitive garage recordings of the Waits/Burroughs/Wilson collaboration The Black Rider, even creakier and stranger than the final LP released the same year. This bootleg was quickly suppressed at the time but thanks to the magic of the internet it resurfaces to air out its stinky blow-holes in the sweltering sun. A morbid carnival of tuneless horns, hard drugs, and stomping armies of dwarves.
How can you resist? [From This Swamp]


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About Me
- p_r_o
วันอาทิตย์ที่ 13 มิถุนายน พ.ศ. 2553
01:46 | เขียนโดย p_r_o | แก้ไขบทความ
Hello? Is thing on? Jim typically provides free App of the day, but it 's not all, so I LL' try not to break this post, but I 'm using it. Man, this is sa 'a little difficult to manage.
I won t lie '. Most of the time, when I read Jim 's positions on them, I never download a game, because I m' lazy, and there are already enough things to play. This time is no different, except for the fact that the reason I 'm not downloading it because I have already bought Puzzle Quest and 's awesome.
T If you do not 'allowed himself the pleasure of playing Puzzle Quest you have absolutely no excuses now, because it 's free right here thanks FreeAppADay.com
Shit. Unfortunately, Jim. I broke it.
[Thanks, bloosoda]
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