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Hello {you} with Slim Framework 3.x
Last week I wrote my Slim 3.x "Hello World" tutorial after hearing Josh Lockhart introduce the framework at our UpstatePHP meet-up. I was eager to learn the basics of using Slim as an HTTP router, and since then I've continued to learn new things (yay!), like using named routes / arguments and its dependency injection container (based on SensioLabs's oddly named Pimple).
Let's break it down here...
Named Routes
Defining a route is pretty straightforward. Slim's App class gives us methods to add routes named after their correlating HTTP methods (e.g. get(), post(), etc.). To give a route a name, you simply append a call to setName() to its definition:
$app->get('/hello', function(Slim\Http\Request $request, Slim\Http\Response $response, array $args) {
return $response->write('Hello, world!');
Why would you want to do this? There may be times in your application where you want to redirect from one route to another or create a link to another route. Instead of hardcoding route paths into your code, use Router::pathFor() to let Slim generate the path for you:
$app->get('/some/other/route', function($request, $response, $args) {
$path = $this->getContainer()->get('router')->pathFor('hello-world');
// ...
In Slim 2.x and prior, this was named urlFor(). Yours truly played semantic stickler to propose renaming it in a pull request that was recently merged by Rob Allen, a.k.a @akrabat, who offers a great intro to Slim 3.x in his Slim 3 Primer and numerous blog posts.
Dynamic Routes with Named Arguments
In addition to static routes like the ones defined above, Slim depends on FastRoute to support dynamic routes that use named arguments in their path patterns. Curly braces identify named arguments in a route's pattern, and regular expressions further determine what request paths match a route:
// Add a route for a personal greeting using an argument.
$app->get('/hello/{name:[A-Za-z]+}', function(Slim\Http\Request $request, Slim\Http\Response $response, array $args) {
return $response->write('Hello, ' . $args['name'] . '!');
To create a path for this route, I would use the same function from above but pass it an array including the named argument:
// From inside a route closure...
$path = $this->getContainer()->get('router')->pathFor('hello-name', ['name' => 'Shady']);
The regular expression in the pattern will only permit a match to this route if the request path includes a second argument containing only upper or lower case letters. Throw a number, a space, or punctuation in there, and you'll get a 404. Granted, if I were actually writing an application, I would use a template engine like Twig to automatically escape variables when generating output.
Slim's Dependency Injection Container
Ahh, what a fine segue that was!
To use Twig in a Slim application, you might make use of Slim's dependency injection container (or DIC). I'm still relatively new to the concept, so I won't try to explain the design pattern in depth.
At a high level, the DIC is an object that your application uses to find other objects that encapsulate discrete bits of functionality. Pimple refers to these objects as services, and they may be responsible for communicating with the database, sending mail, or rendering output through a template engine.
When you create a new Slim App object, you pass in the container object like so:
// Prepare the Pimple dependency injection container.
$container = new \Slim\Container();
// Add a Twig service to the container.
$container['twig'] = function($container) {
$loader = new Twig_Loader_Filesystem('templates');
return new Twig_Environment($loader, array('cache'));
// Create the Slim application using our container.
$app = new \Slim\App($container);
Now any route can make use of the Twig service to build output via a template:
$app->get('/hello', function(Slim\Http\Request $request, Slim\Http\Response $response) {
// Load the template through the Twig service in the DIC.
$template = $this->getContainer()->get('twig')->loadTemplate('index.html');
// Render the template using a simple content variable.
return $response->write($template->render(['content' => 'Hello, world!']));
The Slim DIC also contains an array of settings that you can append values to when you construct it by passing in an associative array of settings:
// Prepare the Pimple dependency injection container.
$container = new \Slim\Container([
'site_name' => 'Slim Shady',
These settings are appended to a default settings array and may be used elsewhere in the code. Slim binds route closures (the function we defined in above examples as the second argument to the $app->get() calls) to the $app object, so a quick reference to the site_name setting would look like:
$app->get('/hello/{name:[A-Za-z]+}', function(Slim\Http\Request $request, Slim\Http\Response $response, array $args) {
// Load the template through the Twig service in the DIC.
$template = $this->getContainer()->get('twig')->loadTemplate('index.html');
// Render the template using content and site name variables.
return $response->write($template->render([
'content' => 'Hello, ' . $args['name'] . '!',
'site_name' => $this->settings['site_name'],
You can learn more about the DIC in the Slim 3.x dependency injection documentation or Rob Allen's comprehensive blog post on accessing services in Slim 3.x.
A final word...
I'm used to using the Devel module for debugging when writing Drupal modules. I was a bit lost writing PHP outside of Drupal at first, but then I remembered that Devel for Drupal 8 uses the Kint library to provide fantastic variable / backtrace debugging support.
To use it in your Slim application, add it to your composer.json file and the autoloader will allow you to make automatic use of it. The composer.json for my little learning application is currently:
"require": {
"slim/slim": "dev-develop",
"raveren/kint": "^1.0",
"twig/twig": "~1.0"
Adding a simple line like the following to a route closure will produce some easily navigable debug output to the page:
Seriously... it's magic. There's never been a better time to lose yourself in the PHP Renaissance.
thanks for the article - and the mention!Tue, 06/30/2015 - 10:36 — raveren
Hey, I'm so glad people like Kint - it's my labor of love
And even though I came here via analytics traceback, I was actually researching for a smart and no learning curve framework with routing as a first-class citizen, I'm going to try Slim now, thank you!!


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Womens adidas Superstar Athletic Shoe - White / Multi
Womens adidas Superstar Athletic Shoe - White / Multi
Style #: 436875Fall in love with timeless sporty style with the Superstar Athletic Shoe from adidas! This lovestruck sneaker features durable leather uppers with iconic rubber shell toe, allover heart and Trefoil prints, and signature adidas side stripes.
- Smooth leather upper with breathable mesh lining
- Allover heart and Trefoil graphics
- Padded collar for added comfort
- Lace closure offers a secure fit
- Tonal 3-Stripes detail
- Classic rubber shell toe provides durability
- Flexible rubber cupsole delivers excellent traction
For over 80 years, adidas has been part of the world of athletic and fashion shoes, delivering state-of-the-art casual, athletic and running footwear. Their innovative designs elevate the performance of athletes and casual wearers alike by creating shoes that work with the foot, not against it, to help you reach your highest level of performance and comfort. Journeys adidas collections include: NMD, Superstar, Adilette Slides, Tubular Shadow, Alphabounce, Gazelle, Stan Smith, and many more!

subset: commoncrawl


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I was in my early teens – a rebel with a quest to break free from the madness that was my family life. My parents were a perfect pair. My mother, a petite, Italian woman, spoke little English and understood even less about American culture. She kept her distance from the unfamiliarity of this new world by distracting herself with perpetual housework. Despite her constant feelings of hopelessness, she managed to channel her nervous energy into keeping a spotless home, making the meals on time, and getting the kids to school or practice. Her inner turmoil created an outer world of disconnection, and she lacked the capacity to relate, to trust and to love. At the time it appeared that she just resented everyone and everything, but now I recognize her struggle as a disconnect within herself. She portrayed the life of a victim, as if everyone had the sole purpose to cause her discomfort and pain. My brother and I eventually gave up trying to convince her of anything to the contrary. Instead, we simply turned a blind eye to her despair.
My father and I very rarely had conversations. We mainly spoke in sound bites, which consisted of him saying "no" to mostly everything I asked, and of me responding with some version or degree of profanity. I suspect this may be one of the reasons I was so impacted by that conversation. He was laying on the brown, worn sofa, which had a permanent imprint of his body on it – it was his typical spot whenever he was home. The background hummed with church bells as mass was about to begin on The Catholic Channel. I remember lying on the floor, whining about life being unfair when he said, "We aren't supposed to be happy until we reach the Kingdom of God. We are meant to suffer until we go to heaven. When we go to heaven, that is when we'll live in eternal happiness, but until then, life is supposed to seem unfair."
Well then, I thought, "Why don't we all just commit mass suicide and get to heaven on the express train? Why waste any more time?" But I knew enough about Catholicism at the time to know that taking your own life meant an express train ticket straight to hell! But hey, maybe we're already in hell? If he can believe something that is so fundamentally unintuitive and alien to the human consciousness – that we're actually made to suffer – then really, isn't anything possible?
I had a hard time believing much of what my dad told me as a child, and especially as a teen. When he told me that we are meant to suffer, I was almost convinced. This concept almost made sense because, at that time, most of my world consisted of some form of conflict, discontent or suffering. "I'm suffering, and I'm supposed to be." But no matter how much I wanted this notion to ring true, it didn't resonate – it couldn't. Why would an all-loving God create us just so we could suffer? The concept just didn't make sense, yet I witnessed suffering all around me. I barely saw anything else. My conflict continued throughout my teens and I relentlessly searched for answers until I finally concluded that there is no God! I proclaimed atheism.
I lived life as an atheist well into adulthood, but with this identity came emptiness, isolation, and a deep sense of disconnection. But deep within this hollow feeling there was a whisper that persistently nudged my inner core and poked me with its presence. It was as if i heard it say, "Pssst, hey Valerie, this isn't it! There is more to this life than what your mind can see." There was a truth within me that was aching for acknowledgement but my mind wasn't prepared to sit still long enough to listen. In some ways, it was easy to live like that. I was attached to very little. I lived life recklessly, without considering the outcome. I constantly kept myself distracted, never stopping long enough to be present. I wanted to numb myself from feeling, so I kept running. Stopping posed a risk because then, I would actually have to pay attention and confront myself. It's much easier to ignore ourselves while numbing ourselves of feeling any kind of pain or discomfort.
But I recognize now that we cannot selectively numb ourselves – we end up numbing all of life, which includes joy, love, peace, and wonder – all the sensations that define living as a whole person.
I may have continued to live in this lonely shell of existence the rest of my days but instead life brought me a gift that cracked that shell wide open. I became a mother, and in an instant my life held more meaning than I ever thought possible. For the first time, I experienced a profound sense of connectedness to another life. This kind of love is so raw that it forces you to feel with your entire body and being. I finally recognized the power of real love and the essence of life, and it felt nothing like pain or suffering. It was a bright glow of comforting light that filled me with warmth and ease.
With this intense feeling came profound vulnerability. My fear of losing what I had discovered eventually consumed me. With motherhood, I experienced my moment of bliss, but I didn't know how to hold onto it. We are all able to catch those moments of clarity, of inner peace and solace. We know what it feels like and we spend our life continually chasing it, oftentimes looking in all the wrong places.
I was there in that moment long enough to finally listen. I must have been ready and open enough to hear the whisper. Sometimes you have to go to a place of great darkness before you can turn around to notice the light. And for some reason, at that moment, I saw the light and heard my inner truth speaking to me. This is what it said: You can imagine a life of suffering, a life of pain, but can you imagine living the opposite reality? What does the polar opposite – a life filled with joy, comfort, ease and happiness – look like? This life has to exist as a possibility, doesn't it? It's a law! Newton's third law of motion says - for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. Thing exist in pairs, in contrasts, and I'm convinced that this applies to everything.
And so, at that moment, I made it my mission to discover that life. And with that decision came this incredible sense of freedom and liberation – I felt as though I was five years old again just taking off on my bike for the first time - without the training wheels. I looked out in the horizon, lay down on the warm, dry grass, stared at the sun and smiled with my entire body.
Through this blog I'd like to share with you my journey, my insight and my discoveries. Using this platform to discuss topics like - the purpose of each our lives, oneness, the law of attraction, the law of opposites, forgiveness, faith, religion vs. spirituality, the meaning of vulnerability, the inner truth within each one of us that connects us all, the distinction between fear and love, and why we suffer. I'd like to start a forum where we can all meet and raise awareness - about ourselves as individuals and as a society - by generating discussions we will bring light to our world and create a safe place for each of us to connect. I look forward to reading your comments and am hopeful that we can continue an ongoing discussion that will captivate our interests and raise our awareness to sever the better good.
"Your internal world -- the reality that you encounter within your mind and emotions -- is a world that you and only you control and create." - Neale Donald Walsch


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Talking To: Victor Coonin & Alexandra Korey, the Minds behind "The Biography of Michelangelo's David"
by Georgette Jupe | Wed, 10/15/2014 - 03:00
What makes Michelangelo's David so famous? Victor Coonin, an art history professor at Rhodes College in Memphis, TN, has recently published a book that sets…
by Silvia Donati | Wed, 05/07/2014 - 01:30
Michelangelo's David is at risk of collapsing under its own weight, researchers from the National Research Council (CNR) and the University of Florence warned…
by Anonymous (not verified) | Thu, 03/27/2014 - 21:00
"From Marble to Flesh: The Biography of Michelangelo's David" is a forthcoming book by Art History professor Victor Coonin. It promises to be "the first…
by Silvia Donati | Sun, 03/09/2014 - 20:18
In place of the sling, a sniper rifle. That's the David, according to ArmaLite Inc., a manufacturer of weapons based in Illinois, which has used the…
by Magda Lauer | Tue, 02/18/2014 - 03:50
"Unique." "Divine." "Terrible." These words have all been used to describe Michelangelo Buonarroti. The word "phenomenal" would complete the description.…
by Silvia Donati | Fri, 12/06/2013 - 06:00
Michelangelo's iconic statue of David will grace the Italian Pavilion at the Milan Expo 2015 global trade convention, officials announced last week. Italian…
by Silvia Donati | Thu, 11/14/2013 - 06:00
The lucky diners who enjoyed dinner inside Florence's Gallery of the Academy while admiring up-close Michelangelo's David are members of the non-profit…
by Natalie Aldern | Fri, 04/01/2011 - 04:40
The Vatican has started a firestorm in the art world by issuing a statement condemning the symbolic "depravity and nudity celebrated by the morally corrupt".…
by Natalie Aldern | Fri, 03/04/2011 - 04:12
Michelangelo's most famous sculpture, the statue of David, could be at risk of collapse due to a new modern convenience. A high-speed tunnel is scheduled to be…
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text:
actually surprised they let it in coming from China
actually surprised they let it in coming from China
They still inport chinese. They brought in all those double barreled shottys and norinco 97 clones of whinchesters.
Saw it to. Was thinking of getting one. But they say they dont take Saiga mags or the verps
This is Gunco! Within a month someone will be posting how they cut a section out of the receiver and bent up a custom Saiga spec magwell out of an old dishwasher housing and welded it in.
The very atmosphere of firearms anywhere and everywhere restrains evil interference- they deserve a place of honor with all that is good. George Washington
"A free people ought not only to be armed and disciplined, but they should have sufficient arms and ammunition to maintain a status of independence from any who might attempt to abuse them, which would include their own government."
George Washington


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Ft. Myers Multiple Myeloma Support Group
April 23, 2018 11:30 am
Now available from Medscape are CME courses for healthcare professionals authored by the following myeloma experts: Drs. Brian G.M. Durie, Shaji Kumar, Thomas Martin, Joseph Mikhael, and Saad Usmani. This special edition of the "Ask Dr. Durie"...
April 17, 2018 11:30 am
April 12, 2018 11:30 am
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) this week granted Fast Track designation to Karyopharm's selinexor, an oral Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compound for the treatment of myeloma patients who have received at least three...


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What to eat in Kuantan: Nasi Dagang & Laksam from Midnight 'til Morning
>> Tuesday, May 17, 2016
I'm finally starting a new series on food to eat in Kuantan! Yeah, it took me a while to get this started as last week was a really busy one for me.
Kuantan has quite a variety of food at almost every corner of the town. When it comes to taste, it all boils down to preference & choices. I can't say that a certain stalls/restaurants here is the best (unless the majority of people agree with me!), but I'll dare say that some stalls/restaurants are worth giving it a try & recommending to others :)
Today, I would like to share with you one of my latest discoveries in the many years that I've been here (regularly).
Here's introducing one of the most fragrant nasi dagang that I've ever had in my life...seriously! I may not have eaten A LOT of nasi dagang since uni days, when I was first introduced to this rice dish, but this is by far the best I've eaten. The rice is slightly chewy (what the Cantonese will say as "yat lap yat lap mai" i.e. 'satu biji, satu biji beras'/'grain by grain rice'), has the pleasant, light fragrance of the spices & the best part was the fish curry that comes with the rice; rich, bursting in flavors, yet not cloying nor over-powering in taste 'til you can't taste the subtle flavors of the rice. I can't remember how much we paid for the plate of nasi dagang, but it's the standard price here in Kuantan, I think.
Oh, one thing about this nasi dagang, it's only available from 12:00a.m. - 7:00a.m. (I think daily). I know, it's crazy to have rice for supper! But mind you, we were there around 12:00a.m. on Sunday (Saturday night-lah) & the place was slowly filling up with people. It's just a typical Malay stall that opens for dinner at night, but the nasi dagang & the laksam are only available from midnight 'til the morning.
Yup, you read it right, it's laksaM, ending with the letter "m".
What's laksam? Most Chinese may not know what laksam is as we often eat curry/Penang laksa & not laksam. It's far from the curry laksa & the acidic Penang laksa, but it's more similar to the Siamese laksa.
Laksam is apparently a rice noodles dish from Terengganu. I find that it's alike a fusion of "chee cheong fun
+ siamese laksa fish soup + ulam (raw vegetables).
The rice noodles are very soft & smooth & it actually goes well with the milky coconut-fish-base soup! The topping of this simple noodles dish is just shredded raw vegetables like beansprouts, long beans & some other leafy vegetables that you commonly find in the nasi ulam/nasi kerabu PLUS a dollop of SPICY fresh ground chilli with lime.
This is a dish where you will either like it or won't like it at all. AP doesn't fancy this dish, so he ordered for me to try, which of course I finished the whole bowl of noodles on my own :P It's a rather small bowl of noodles, fit for supper (since it's so fattening!). A bowl of laksam here costs RM4.00. I find it somewhat expensive for such a small serving of noodles, but it was certainly worth the 'education' & introduction of what laksam is all about :D
As you can see, the stall is a very simple, not fanciful Malay food stall with pots all over the table.
As everything is freshly cooked, warm & so inviting, any supper-lovers will find themselves satisfied.
Before the crowd arrived!
When we left, almost 80% of the tables were occupied.
So where's the stall/gerai? Tadaaaa...Haji Lidah Tom Yam & Seafood! It's near the Super Cowboy supermarket at the intersection of Jalan Wong Ah Jang & Jalan Penjara.
When you feel like having some delicious nasi dagang at 'ungodly hours', you know where to get your fix ;)
Map to your next supper hangout spot
Gerai Haji Lidah Tom Yam & Seafood
Lorong Seri Teruntum 134
25100 Kuantan
Pahang Darul Makmur


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It's been a hell of a month for side-scrollers from 20 or more years ago. First Sonic, next Mario and now Shinobi. Joe Musashi is back, on the 3DS. This launch trailer sets up his mission of revenge and shows off what looks like some gyrometer-enabled gameplay. Players will mix a new combo system in with good old ninja magic to defeat the terrorists once and for all. Shinobi hits shelves on Tuesday.
You can contact Owen Good, the author of this post, at email@example.com. You can also find him on Twitter, Facebook, and lurking around our #tips page.


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Cape man charged in fatal hit and run
A Cape Coral man accused in a fatal hit-and-run accident remained behind bars Friday.
Frank Alexander Pizzurro, 41, was arrested and charged Oct. 31 with one count of hit and run fail to remain at crash involve death in the death of Juan Aranda, 61, of Fort Myers, according to records.
He remains at the Lee County Jail without bond.
Attorney Penelope Michalakis is representing Pizzurro.
She did not return a message Friday seeking comment on the case.
At 1:41 a.m. Oct. 20, the Fort Myers Police Department received a call about a hit and run crash involving a pedestrian in the 5100 block of Cleveland Avenue. Arriving officers discovered Aranda lying in the middle of the roadway. He was pronounced dead at the scene, according to officials.
Witnesses described the suspect's vehicle as a small white pickup truck or contractor's style type of work vehicle. They stated that the vehicle did not have a tailgate on the back.
Police believed that the truck had damage to its front to include a broken headlight.
On Oct. 22, police located the alleged truck at 3304 Skyline Blvd. Officials reported that the vehicle was towed to the Florida Department of Law Enforcement for safekeeping.
The investigation led to Pizzurro, and he was taken into custody.
Pizzurro has a court appearance scheduled for Dec. 2.


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Are you looking for a Low Cost Web Design in Sri Lanka? Contact with layoutindex.com our rate are very cheap and service quality is better.
Veroxy Technologies Ltd. is a high end; full service web based Software Development Company in Dhaka, Bangladesh. We are pioneer in providing superior and world
Cuthbertson Laird Group are one of the top instrument distributors in the UK. Each of our three offices has its own dedicated calibration and repair laboratory.
Hydraulic design is being updated with our continuous R&D efforts to meet requirements of higher efficiency and lower submergence, taking care of other parameters such as,
high reliability and optimum system design.
As soon as your iOS device is correctly proxying traffic by your Burp listener, you will want to generate a score to submit to GameCenter.


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Create a rich and engaging healthcare experience for everyone.
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More about gigabit Wi-Fi
Boost patient satisfaction with mobile apps.
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This hospital went mobile
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Clinicians and staff can stay connected to Wi-Fi using their favorite mobile devices. And patients can Skype with family and friends or post Facebook updates without compromising the performance or security of critical-care apps on the same network.
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Wi-Fi at 200 care centers.
Consulate Health Care counts on Aruba to support electronic health records, BYOD, secure mobility, and more across more than 200 care centers.
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Continuing care retirement.
ACTS Retirement-Life Communities deployed wireless to boost the quality of patient care and ended up saving $340,000 by eliminating additional cables.
How's life without wires?


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Showing all 2 results
Our mission at Cross Engineering is to invent weapon modifications and accessories that improve on existing weapon systems. The company was founded by Wes and Savannah Cross in 2016.
Cross Engineering develops products under its Cross Armory brand with the simple purpose of improving the shooting experience. We started with an idea for a single product, the Cross Armory Thumb Grip.
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text: 7 Proposal Ideas to Melt Her Heart November 30, 2016 Natasha Blog (0) Are you planning to pop that fateful question to your girlfriend and are having nightmares about how to do it? Take heart— no matter where it takes place or how it's done, a marriage proposal by its very nature is romance personified, guaranteed to melt a woman's heart! That is assuming, of course, that the "proposer" and the "proposee" are on the same page with their feelings for each other! But, at this stage of the game, you must be already pretty clued in, right? Plan it right! However, if you do want to make this auspicious occasion even more so, you need to think it through a bit. There are literally hundreds of proposal scenario ideas floating around in the cyber world, ranging from the downright wacky and life-endangering (will your sweetheart actually hear you saying "will you marry me" while skydiving, snorkeling, or clinging to a precipitous mountain top?) to logistical ordeals costing you a down payment on your first home together. Frankly, most women are less into the super creative adventure scenario than into "wow, he really knows me" approach when it comes to proposals. So, think about what her personality and style is, her likes and dislikes, and what makes her bubble with excitement, and fashion your proposal setting accordingly. Here are some basic personality/proposal scenario categories to get you thinking… The Traditional Girlfriend Scenario: An expensive, exclusive restaurant she's always wanted to go to, with pre-arranged ring delivery by a white-gloved waiter, in a champagne glass or on a desert plate with that proverbial question inscribed in chocolate. This is an old standby, but still one with great pedigree and effectiveness! The Outgoing, Social Girlfriend Scenario: While out for a night of dancing, arrange with the DJ to pass you the mic so you can dedicate a song to her — her current favorite song or something from a romantic movie she loved —like Celine Dion's "My Heart Will Go On" from "Titanic" (although that may be a bit awkward, considering the fate of the lovers in the film). Then at the end of the song, drop on your knee and propose on the dance floor. The Outdoorsy/Nature Girlfriend Scenario: Do some research about the best spots in your locale — preferably ones that include breathtaking views with mountain peaks and romantic waterfalls. Prepare a picnic basket that includes champagne and her favorite food. Stealthily, place the ring under an interesting rock and point it out to her. And you know the rest… The Romantic Girlfriend Re-enact a proposal scene from her favorite romantic movie or book. Just be careful that your selection does not require some unrealizable setups! Recreating 19th century England to propose to her as Mr. Darcy did to Elizabeth in Austen's Pride and Prejudice, may be a bit unrealistic! But, for instance, in The Wedding Singer Adam Sandler professes his love for Drew Barrymore by serenading her with a personalized song "Grow Old with You." If you're musically inclined, a song written especially for your girlfriend to serve as a proposal will definitely melt her romantic heart! The Family Girlfriend Scenario: If you're fairly sure about her "yes" and her family has a favorable outlook on you, proposing at the end of a family dinner will make her —and them —love you even more. But, if you're not that sure about either one or the other, don't do it – it may prove to be a mighty awkward situation! The Minimalist "No Fuss" Girlfriend Scenario: The spot you first met– that's assuming you met somewhere appropriate and non-digital. But, if that's the case, consider instead doing a night at home, cooking her favorite dishes (bonus points if you don't cook, because of the special effort). You may want to skip the dessert and later that night, slip the ring on her finger while she is sleeping. Once she spots the sparkler, serve champagne and strawberries to celebrate! The Adventurous Girlfriend Scenario: A vacation get-away in a warm climate. Your options here are many! From a walk on a dusky, deserted beach (the least risky, possibly the most romantic setting with the soft lapping of the waves and the twilight glow), to a knee drop at an ancient fountain or monument, to that "I'm glad I got travel insurance" option involving skydiving, snorkeling or a hot air balloon, if you must! A marriage proposal is always romantic and memorable, as long as it involves a ring and an element of surprise, is centered around her favorite pastime or interest, and ideally executed a bended knee (still a treasured fantasy for most women!). Really, how much more romantic can it get than asking someone to be your partner for life, "for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, until death do us part"? Ok, so maybe not so much when it happens as she is holding that dreaded drugstore test stick signaling an awesome event in nine months, but even under these circumstances, it will remain a very poignant and memorable moment!


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Even the name itself is enough to make you daydream of the endless sea, the whispering waves and the blue sky. The beautiful azure colour will remind you that you're on vacation – it's time to live the dream that you've been looking forward to since planning your break.
Azura offers all the luxury of the studio apartment, including:
- A 32 m2 suite with a living area and a sleeping area for two people
- A pleasant, natural climate in the suite, regulated by the clay plaster and wooden structure
- Heating regulation inside the suite
- A terrace with beautiful views of the area and a private garden with garden furniture
- A panoramic window in the bedroom with a view of the Podčetrtek Castle and the surrounding area
- A small, fully equipped kitchen with a cooker, oven and fridge
- Kitchenware and tableware made by renowned European manufacturers
- One-of-a-kind handmade dishes
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Filmed on location at the Theatre Royal Haymarket, the documentary features Patrick Stewart and Ian McKellen — who recently reprised their performances in Waiting for Godot on Broadway — Simon Callow, Ronald Pickup, Joseph Cross and Anna Friel.
The program features rare, candid behind-the-scenes footage that follows the two productions from rehearsals to opening night and was broadcast on public television in October 2010.
Filmed over six months, "Theatreland," according to press notes, "goes behind the scenes of both productions to reveal what makes a West End theatre tick. Meet the stars, the artistic director, the managers, stagehands, carpenters, and ushers. Explore the Haymarket, one of London's oldest theatres, with 100-year-old seats and plumbing to match. Audiences realize none of this as the lights dim and the magic begins. From the first read-through to the final curtain call, this is theatre as you've never seen it before."
"Theatreland" includes eight episodes, entitled "Bringing the House Down," "OK—Now Entertain Us," "Flushed with Success," "Is There a Spectre in the House?," "Waiting in the Wings," "Goodbye, Godot," "Blonde or Brunette" and "Blood, Sweat, and Magic" as well as bonus features such as a 12-page viewer's guide with a timeline of the Theatre Royal Haymarket; a look at the West End; profiles of the participants; an article on theatre ghosts; and fun facts about the productions.
The 2009 production of Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot at Theatre Royal Haymarket ran for 172 sold-out performances and was followed by the first staged adaptation of Truman Capote's Breakfast at Tiffany's.
For more information, visit AcornOnline.com.


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This month we're focusing on cleaning and organization, and we're giving away a series of helpful cheat sheet PDFs from the Curbly library. So far, we've shared a kitchen cleaning cheat sheet, a bathroom cleaning cheat sheet, and a general house cleaning cheat sheet. Today, we're unveiling a brand new one: a cheat sheet with alternative and household uses for baking soda.
Read on to find out how to download it today!
Today's download: Alternative Uses for Baking Soda
There are two ways to access today's download:
1) Sign up for our free, weekly newsletter (we won't spam you, and you'll get a link to the download after you sign up). Go to our newsletter signup page to get started.
(Note: please sign up for our newsletter, NOT an account on Curbly.com)
2) Get it from our Facebook page: http://crb.li/pdf-downloads (you'll need to become a fan first)
– Already signed up for our newsletter? You can get the download now by becoming a fan of our Facebook page (option #2 above), or just wait till our next newsletter goes out; it'll have a link to the download.
Stay tuned: more cheat sheets are coming up later this week!


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Posts Tagged 'Hazrat Jibriel'
Posted by: niuse on: July 30, 2008
- In: Islam
- 2 Comments
Shab-i-Miraj means the night of Ascent. It is the blessed night when the Holy Prophet of Islam was spiritually transported to heaven and he reached a high stage of nearness to God Almighty which is beyond ordinary human comprehension. The Ascent took place on 27th day or Rajab, 2 years before Hijra. The journey was not with a physical body but was a vision of the highest type. On the way the Holy Prophet, peace be upon him, met Adam, Abraham, Moses, Jesus and some other Prophets. The purpose of the Ascent was to confirm the high status of the Prophet of Islam, a position which all Muslims believe, is impossible to attain by any other human being. It is related that even Gabriel, the Angel who was accompanying the Holy Prophet remarked at one stage, 'I am forced to stop here. I cannot go any further, but you O Messenger of peace and friend of the Master of the worlds, continue your glorious ascent.'
It is also related that the Holy Prophet continued his journey until he reached very close to the Throne of God Almighty and attained the utmost nearness to Him. After having drunk fully at the Divine fountain of spiritual knowledge he came down to impart the knowledge to mankind.
It was on this journey, that five daily prayers were made obligatory upon Muslims.
According to popular belief, the Miraj or Spiritual Ascension took place on 27 of Rajab. On this day, in some Muslim countries the houses and streets and specially the mosques are decorated with colorful pennants and buntings, and at night they are well illuminated by means of electric lights, candles or even oil lamps. As evening approaches the worshippers assemble in the mosques and engage themselves in glorifying the Lord and in singing hymns in His praise and in praise of the Holy Prophet. Public meetings are also held generally after Isha Prayer in larger mosques where speakers throw light on the spiritual status of the Holy Prophet, and various aspects of his life. The story of his spiritual ascension is narrated in detail. After the meetings sweets are generally distributed. Muslims of means give money in charity and also distribute food among the poor. The devoted ones spend the whole night in the remembrance of God.
Posted by: niuse on: July 30, 2008
Q.1. (i) What is the reality behind Shab-e-Meraj? Did our Prophet visit Baitul Maqdas and the skies and see the paradise and hell and meet other Prophets there? How could he meet the Prophets there when he had led them in prayer in Baitul Maqdas, a short while ago the same night? Had those Prophets whom he met over the skies, also reached there by riding the Burraq?
ii) What is Burraq? Is it a heavenly animal? Does it look like a horse with flying wings? Is it scientific and rational?
iii) Did the Prophet travel in Meraj while awake or in his dream, like some scholars say? Did he see Allah? Does the event find mention in Qur'an and Hadith? How should the Muslims celebrate Shab-e-Meraj?
…Mohammad Burhanuddin; Hubli.
Ans. The word Me'raj (Ascent of Prophet Muhammad (Pbuh) is derived from Urooj, which means, 'height', 'ascension'. It occurs in Hadith. The Qur'anic word for the event is 'Israa', meaning 'the journey'. The event is briefly mentioned in the Qur'an, its detailed provided by Hadiths while the people's fantasies add the usual garnishing. Taken from Qur'an and Hadiths the essential details of the event (with necessary explanation and discussions) are as follows;
The Heart Operation
Archangel Jibriel alongwith two other angels visited the holy Prophet (Pbuh) one night, while he was asleep in the Hateem part of Ka'abah. The angel then operated upon his heart and made some changes probably because the material body could not withstand the space travel with the required velocity without certain protection. The related part of the narration reads; '… Jibriel among them took upon himself to make a cut from the throat down to a part below the heart of the Prophet till he emptied the chest and the stomach. Then with his hands he washed it with Zamzam water till the stomach was cleaned. Then was brought a golden tray in which was a golden light filled with faith and wisdom. Pouring it inside, the chest and the veins of throat were filled up. Then the opened part was closed…' (Bukhari)
By incorporating the changes in the body system, his body was probably converted from material into Noorani (lightening) body to withstand the journey of space. It may be remembered that the material bodies of people destined for heavens would also be changed to lightening bodies after The Maidaan-e-Hash'r (The place of great gathering) before taking them to heavens.
After the transformation of the body, a conveyance named Burraq was presented before him. Burraq, the narration says, resembled a horse-like animal but its very name indicates that it also possessed a lightening body. The word Burraq is derived from the root Bar'q which means 'electricity' in Arabic. Burraq signifies that he had to be taken with the velocity of Bar'q that is electricity or light which is 300,000 km per second.
In the Mosque of Jerusalem
No wonder, within no time he reached Baitul Maqdis or Masjid-e-Aqsa. The Qur'an has summarised the event in one verse; 'Exalted is He (Allah) who took his bondsman (Muhammad) for a journey by night from Masjid-il-Haram (Ka'abah) to Masjid-il-Aqsa (the Mosque in Jerusalem), the neighbourhood whereof we have blessed, in order that we might show him our signs…' (17:1)
In Baitul Maqdis, the Prophet (Pbuh) led in prayer, all the earlier Prophets who were gathered for the occasion (naturally in their Barzakm or transitional and transcendental bodies). The journey from one holy Mosque to the other and the Prophet leading signifying that the inheritance of Divine leadership was being transferred to him from Bani Israel who no more deserved the honour.
Towards Heavens and Beyond
From there, he was raised to the heavens where he again met and conversed with different Prophets. Then came the most honoured moment of the journey as he was elevated to a point beyond heavens, called Sidrat-ul-Muntaha. What he observed there is described in Qur'an in the following words; 'One free from any defect in body and mind then He (') rose and became stable, While he was in the highest part of the horizon. Then he approached and came closer and was at a distance of two bows length or (even) closer. So, He (Allah) revealed to his bondsman (Muhammad) whatever he revealed. The Prophet's heart lied not in what he saw. Will you then dispute with him (Muhammad) about what he saw? And indeed, he (Muhammad) saw him at a second descent near Sidrat-ul-Muntaha. Near it is Paradise of Abode. When that covered the Sidrah, which did cover it, the sight (of Prophet Muhammad) turned not aside nor it transgressed beyond the limit. Indeed he (Muhammad) did see of the greatest signs of his Lord (Allah)?. (53:6-18)
Whom did he meet? Allah or Jibriel?
There has been difference of opinion among scholars right from the days of Sahaba about whom the Prophet (Pbuh) met and saw at the place beyond heavens and horizon. Some say he saw Allah while others opine that he saw Jibriel in his original form. Ibne Abbas swore by the earlier while the Prophet's wife Aisha strongly reprimanding the idea of physical sighting of Allah, favoured the latter opinion.
Both these assumptions invite serious apprehensions that could not be answered satisfactorily. Did the Prophet set eyes on Allah Quran says; ?No (material) vision can grasp him?. (6:103) When Prophet Musa (A.S) expressed his desire to see the Almighty, he said; ?You can not (bear to) see me (in your material mould)?. (7:143). Those supporting the 'saw Him' theory say that it was an exclusive honour of Prophet Muhammad (Pbuh) alone and an exception that the Lord appeared for him. It may also be argued in the light of what I have written above that the holy Prophet, during Me'raj was in a spiritual mould. What goes against the idea of Allah's appearance before the Prophet then' Well, primarily the holy Prophet (Pbuh) himself never claimed seeing Allah, while narrating the events of Me'raj. If he had, it would have been the most important part worth description. Secondly, none of the companions insisting on 'Deedar' (sighting) ascribe the claim to the Prophet. Instead, they say so based on conjectures. Thirdly, the Prophet's wives should have been the first to be privy to such information if it was true. Not only none of them narrated thus but also Hazrat Aisha strongly denounced and even reprimanded such claims. Fourthly, the description in Qur'an, of the person, whom the Prophet (Pbuh) met in Me'raj seems too materialistic to fit the conception of Allah. Read them again; '.. Then he approached and came closer and was at a distance of two bows length or (even) closer..? And lastly, the Prophet himself denied that he saw Allah in Me'raj; 'Narrated Abuzar that he asked the Prophet (Pbuh); Did you see your Lord? He replied; He is Noor. How can I see Him.? (Muslim)
The second theory of seeing Jibriel in his real form is also very unlikely. It is an anticlimax of a very extraordinary miracle described with much importance by Qur'an and Hadith. Seeing Hazrat Jibriel, a frequent visitor to the Prophet (Pbuh) (even in his original form) would not have been such a big event. The traditions also say that Hazrath Jibriel was not permitted to accompany the Prophet to Sidratul-Muntaha. He alone was elevated upto the all-important destination and hence the question of his seeing Jibriel there does not arise.
If neither Allah nor Jibriel, then who was he, whom the Prophet met there? Naturally some personage who is in between them both in stature, Haqeeqat-e-Ahmadi, of whom Muhammad r was a part and material manifestation. The Prophet (Pbuh) was informed and shown his own spiritual reality at Sidrat-ul-Muntaha. The Qur'an briefly mentions only the following; 'So He (Allah) revealed to his bondsman (Muhammad) whatever he revealed… Indeed he (Muhammad) did see of the greatest signs of his Lord (Allah)'.
(And surely Allah alone knows the absolute truth.)
The Five times a day Salaat was ordained for the Ummah on the occasion. The Prophet (Pbuh) was also shown Paradise and Hell during the journey. After the great event he was again taken back to Ka'abah. The whole journey was completed within the night.
After the detail of the event, the answer to the uncovered parts of the question is the following.
Other Prophets also travelled by Burraq
1. The other Prophets, whom Prophet met, were also there with their transcendental bodies, which could travel in space as he did. They also travelled back to heavens from Baitul Maqdis with the help of their Burraqs at lightning velocities. There is a mention of other Prophets also possessing Burraqs in Muslim, in the Hadith describing Me'raj, reported by Anas Bin Malik.
Nothing Unscientific
ii) Hadiths clearly state that Burraq is a mute-like animal. There is no mention of wings. Only earthly animals with material bodies need wings to fly against the gravitational force. The basic constituent of Burraq's body, as the word indicates, is electrical energy, instead of the elements of earth. There is nothing unscientific about this. The realities pertaining to the subjects which science has not covered yet cannot be termed unscientific. Science has not comprehended till date, the subject of spirits and spiritual bodies. There are a large number of Allah's creations that are invisible to human eyes, as human sight can only comprehend the matter and not energy. The angels and the Jinns possess non-material bodies constituted of light and heat energies. The existence of other beings should not be unbelievable.
Neither Dream Nor Awake
iii) The Qur'an in Surah Israa, in which the advent is mentioned, indicates the state in which the Prophet (Pbuh) was carried to his journey. It says; '… And we made not the vision which we showed you, but a trial for mankind..' (17:60)
It was neither a dream nor the state of wakefulness in the material sense. The Qur'anic word for the vision is 'Ru'ya' which is different from a dream. We find in one of the Hadiths describing Me'raj thus; '… They (the angels) came in such a state that the heart (of the Prophet) was seeing them. The eyes were asleep but the heart was awake. Likewise, the eyes of (all) the Prophets sleep but their hearts do not sleep..' (Bukhari; Kitab-ut-Tauhid; Narration of Abu Hurairah)
The above narration of Me'raj in Bukhari, which is a very lengthy one, ends with the following words; '..And when he (Muhammad r woke up, he was in Masjid-il-Haram (Ka'abah).' (Ibid).
So, the material body of the Prophet (Pbuh) was in a state of sleep after the Me'raj, while during the vision his transcendental body actually visited the places and witnessed the signs of Allah. In sleep he was taken and to sleep he was returned before and after the journey. During the journey, he was not asleep. He saw and witnessed everything with a transcendental body and with eyes, which were not material. Such is the vision of Prophets.
The Veracity of 27th Rajab
About the celebration, I must point out that there is not a single Hadith or authentic narration certifying the popular belief about 27th Rajab being the date of Me'raj. There are differences among scholars regarding the date, month and also the year of Me'raj. However, there is nothing against praying and glorifying the Lord and remembering the Prophet (Pbuh) on a particular night. At worst, it would be a distortion of a date in history, if the date is not actually true. It certainly is not a Bid'at unless the prayers of 27th Rajab are assumed to be obligatory part of Deen.
Source: http://www.islamicvoice.com/december.98/dialogue.htm


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Hutchinson says he'll run in Manchester special election for state Rep.
State Rep. Win Hutchinson, R-Manchester, said he will run for in a special election to win back the seat he lost just three weeks ago to a man who appears will resign from the seat before even being sworn in.
Got that?
Hutchinson is still technically a state representative until next week when a new class of state representatives are sworn in. He won't be part of that group because he lost the November general election. Democrats won the two spots to serve in Concord. One of them, Robert Thompson, D-Manchester, told WMUR he has moved to Florida and won't serve.
Just 20 minutes after Thompson's story was posted online, Hutchinson was telling people he would run for the seat.
"I've known since the primary that he wasn't planning on serving if he won, but I was hoping that I would win and it wouldn't be an issue anyway," Hutchinson said. "I like [Thompson] a lot, but I am just disappointed that taxpayers need to pay for a special election."


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Gardnerville man admits stalking, assault on deputy
Four days before he was set for trial, a 31-year-old Gardnerville man pleaded guilty Friday to charges he waved a knife at a sheriff's deputy and stalked his 47-year-old former girlfriend.
In a two-hour hearing before District Judge Michael Gibbons, Springer admitted the felonies which carry a maximum sentence of 21 years in Nevada state prison and a $10,000 fine.
He pleaded guilty to aggravated stalking, and assault with a deadly weapon on a peace officer.
In exchange for Springer's guilty plea, both sides have agreed to recommend midlevel sentences of 4-10 years on the stalking charge, and 1-6 on the assault charge, to be served consecutively.
Lesser felony charges of intimidating or dissuading a victim from reporting a crime, and domestic battery by strangulation were dismissed.
Springer, who served time in prison for child abuse stemming from a 2008 case, could be eligible for probation.
Gibbons advised Springer that the sentence is up to the judge, no matter what the plea agreement says.
Both sides are permitted to present witnesses at the sentencing, set for April 8.
He was set for a five-day trial to begin Tuesday.
Springer has been in jail on $100,000 bail since April 7, 2012.
The victim testified at a preliminary hearing in August that she began dating Springer about a year before, and he moved in with her in September 2011.
She said the relationship turned violent, and she suffered frequent beatings at his hands which left her bruised all over her body. She said he also pulled out her hair.
The woman said she endured the abuse because Springer threatened to kill her and her family if she told.
She said one time Springer put a pillow over her face as she lay on the kitchen floor and stomped on it, breaking her nose. She claimed he pushed it back into place so no one would know it had been broken.
Springer was arrested after the woman's family members became suspicious and managed to get her out of the house on a ruse that she was having coffee with her sister who was visiting from out of town.
Springer was reluctant Friday to admit any wrongdoing, as required by the plea agreement. That prompted prosecutor Laurie Trotter to ask to rescind the agreement and proceed with trial.
Gibbons questioned Springer extensively about the events of the day he was arrested, and the four months of the couple's relationship.
Elements of the stalking charge required that Springer intend to make the victim fear substantial bodily harm for herself or her family.
"It wasn't my intention to scare her, but I believe she was scared," he said. "She took it as a serious threat. I guess I wanted to scare her."
He denied the victim's allegations that he struck and kicked her, and pulled out her hair.
"This is kind of embarrassing," he said. "She would request me to say or do certain stuff as asphyxiation. I would grab her by the neck when we were intimate. I squeezed her neck when she requested it. It was never against her will."
He claimed she pulled out her own hair, and denied any allegation of sexual assault.
Springer admitted he called the victim "dumb," and her behavior "stupid," among other terms.
Springer had trouble explaining what happened when a sheriff's deputy came to his apartment to investigate the domestic battery.
Deputy Joel Kruger testified at the preliminary hearing that Springer came toward him with a knife. Springer said the incident was over in seconds, while Kruger testified the suspect refused to drop the knife for a minute to a minute and a half.
"I held it long enough to view the situation. I was wrong for that," Springer said.
Trotter, dissatisfied with Springer's answers Friday, said if he wasn't willing to take responsibility, she would withdraw the agreement and go to trial.
"It shouldn't be a case of possibly or maybe," she said. "He either did it or not."
Following a short recess with his attorney, Matt Ence, Springer admitted the elements of the offenses.
Springer said he threatened to injure the victim and her son, and knew she was frightened of him because she had suffered abuse in the past at the hands of another man.
"I used that to my advantage," he said.
He also admitted threatening the deputy with the knife.
"There was a moment I did not put the knife down," he said.
Ence said that despite his client's "wishy-washy" language earlier in the hearing, he believed Springer met the requirements of the plea agreement to admit the criminal behavior.
In December 2008, Springer was sentenced to six years in Nevada State Prison for child abuse.
The victim, who was 11, testified at Springer's sentencing before Gibbons in 2009 that he hit her in the stomach, kicked her in the back and threw her to the floor. She said he dragged her to the bathroom, and hit her head on the sink three or four times, causing bleeding.
She told the judge when the bleeding wouldn't stop he tried to cauterize the burn with a penny he heated over a cigarette lighter, and made an attempt to stitch up the wound so her mother wouldn't find out. He was also accused of pulling out her hair.
Springer had to serve 16 months before he was eligible for parole. He was given credit for 268 days in custody in the 2008 offense.


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China's likely preoccupation with its own economic and political challenges in coming years could become a ''recipe for disaster'' if the country's leadership neglects its ''potentially explosive'' tensions with its neighbours, a top scholar says.
Linda Jakobson, program director for the East Asia section at the Lowy Institute and one of the world's top China experts, has warned in a paper released on Tuesday that China's new leader Xi Jinping will be under pressure to solve his country's ''formidable domestic problems''.
If the emerging giant becomes too reactive in its foreign policy, the results could be disastrous, with the country's leadership likely to be swayed by nationalist reaction if an accident or miscalculation sparks a military skirmish with Japan or one of China's South East Asian neighbours.
''This may have serious consequences because of the potentially explosive nature of two of China's most pressing foreign policy challenges: how to decrease tensions with Japan over the Senkaku/Diaoyu islands and with South East Asian states over territorial claims in the South China Sea,'' she says.
Tensions have risen between China and Japan over a territorial dispute about a small group of islands in the East China Sea that the Japanese call the Senkaku Islands and the Chinese call the Diaoyu. Chinese warships have pointed missile radars at Japanese military targets and taken the two regional powers to the brink of "a dangerous situation", say Japanese officials.
''A lack of attention by China's senior leaders to these sovereignty disputes is a recipe for disaster. If a maritime or aerial incident occurs, nationalist pressure will narrow the room for manoeuvre of leaders in each of the countries involved in the incident.''
Ms Jakobson's comments follow remarks last week by former prime minister Kevin Rudd warning that escalating territorial disputes between China and its neighbours are a ''tinderbox on water'', and comparing the situation to tensions in the Balkans a century ago that sparked the First World War.
A top US navy intelligence officer has echoed warnings of the threat from China, saying the country had become a bully on the high seas, with ambitions to sink American warships and seize control of waters from its neighbours.
Captain James Fanell also accused Beijing of ''fabricating'' history to claims on disputed islands in the south and east China seas and described China as the ''principal threat''.
The marked escalation in rhetoric fuels a sense of a growing and dangerous rivalry between the US and China in the region - and is a headache for Australian defence planners seeking not to antagonise either country.
''They are taking control of maritime areas that have never before being administered or controlled in the last 5000 years by any regime called China,'' Captain Fanell told a conference in San Diego.
China's attitude was undoubtedly expansionist, he said – ''what's mine is mine, and we'll negotiate what is yours''.
Captain Fanell's blunt comments last week came in the wake of a warning from a senior Chinese military officer that the US was acting as ''the global tiger'', leading Japan, ''Asia's wolf'', in mauling China.
The Chinese officer warned Australia should not become a ''jackal for the tiger or dance with the wolf''.
The communist regime has increasingly given license for trusted military officers to speak out on regional affairs in what is widely interpreted as deliberate messages without being an official view.
The US now appears to be responding in kind.
''We need China to act like a great nation . . . but that is not the China I've watched over the past decade,'' Captain Fanell said.
The deputy chief of staff for intelligence and information operations for US Pacific Fleet, covering oceans from ''Hollywood to Bollywood'', Captain Fanell said China was at the centre of virtually every dispute.
''My assessment is the [People's Liberation Army] Navy has become a very capable fighting force. Much of the intelligence record is classified beyond what we can discuss in this forum, but just to give you one example, in 2012 the PLA Navy sent seven surface action groups and the largest number of its submarines on deployment into the Philippines sea in its history,'' he said.
''I can tell you as the fleet intelligence officer, the PLA Navy is going to sea to learn how to do naval warfare . . . Make no mistake – the [People's Republic of China] navy is focused on war at sea, and sinking an opposing fleet.''
Sam Roggeveen, from the Lowy Institute in Sydney, said the presentation did not represent the US government line and may yet be disowned.
''But such a brutally candid assessment from such a senior source is nevertheless bad news,'' Mr Roggeveen said.
''It indicates that China is throwing its weight around in exactly the way its neighbours fear, and that China has no appetite for co-operation or negotiation on its territorial claims.''
He also warned the US military's attempted to engage China were perhaps too pessimistic, calculating that China is a military adversary which the US must face down in concert with its friends and allies.
Captain Fanell said China's ''harassments'' on the high seas had expanded over time.
''In my opinion, China is knowingly, operationally and incrementally seizing maritime rights of its neighbours under the rubric of a maritime history that is not only contested in the international community but has largely been fabricated by Chinese government propaganda bureaus in order to 'educate' the populous about China's rich maritime history, clearly as a tool to sustain the Party's control.''


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FEEDBACK (Sep, 1952)
This is the second in a series of 5 articles I've scanned from an amazing 1952 issue of Scientific American about Automatic Control. It discusses automatic machine tools, feedback loops, the role of computers in manufacturing and information theory. These are really astounding articles considering the time in which they were written.
- Part 1 – Automatic Control
- Part 2 – Feedback
- Part 3 – The Role of the Computer
- Part 4 – Automatic Machine Tools
- Part 5 – Information
It is the fundamental principle that underlies all self-regulating systems, not only machines but also the processes of life and the tides of human affairs
by Arnold Tustin
FOR hundreds of years a few examples of true automatic control systems have been known. A very early one was the arrangement on windmills of a device to keep their sails always facing into the wind. It consisted simply of a miniature windmill which could rotate the whole mill to face in any direction. The small mill's sails were at right angles to the main ones, and whenever the latter faced in the wrong direction, the wind caught the small sails and rotated the mill to the correct position. With steam power came other automatic mechanisms: the engine-governor, and then the steering servo-engine on ships, which operated the rudder in correspondence with movements of the helm. These devices, and a few others such as simple voltage regulators, constituted man's achievement in automatic control up to about 20 years ago.
In the past two decades necessity, in the form of increasingly acute problems arising in our ever more complex technology, has given birth to new families of such devices. Chemical plants needed regulators of temperature and flow; air warfare called for rapid and precise control of searchlights and anti-aircraft guns; radio required circuits which would give accurate amplification of signals.
Thus the modern science of automatic control has been fed by streams from many sources. At first, it now seems surprising to recall, no connection between these various developments was recognized. Yet all control and regulating systems depend on common principles. As soon as this was realized, progress became much more rapid. Today the design of controls for a modern boiler or a guided missile, for example, is based largely on principles first developed in the design of radio amplifiers.
Indeed, studies of the behavior of automatic control systems give us new insight into a wide variety of happenings in nature and in human affairs. The notions that engineers have evolved from these studies are useful aids in understanding how a man stands upright without toppling over, how the human heart beats, why our economic system suffers from slumps and booms, why the rabbit population in parts of Canada regularly fluctuates between scarcity and abundance.
The chief purpose of this article is to make clear the common pattern that underlies all these and many other varied phenomena. This common pattern is the existence of feedback, or—to express the same thing rather more generally—interdependence.
We should not be able to live at all, still less to design complex control systems, if we did not recognize that there are regularities in the relationship between events—what we call "cause and effect." When the room is warmer, the thermometer on the wall reads higher. We do not expect to make the room warmer by pushing up the mercury in the thermometer. But now consider the case when the instrument on the wall is not a simple thermometer but a thermostat, contrived so that as its reading goes above a chosen setting, the fuel supply to the furnace is progressively reduced, and, conversely, as its reading falls below that setting, the fuel flow is increased. This is an example of a familiar control system. Not only does the reading of the thermometer depend on the warmth of the room, but the warmth of the room also depends on the reading of the thermometer. The two quantities are interdependent. Each is a cause, and each an effect, of the other. In such cases we have a closed chain or sequence—what engineers call a "closed loop" (see diagram on the opposite page).
In analyzing engineering and scientific problems it is very illuminating to sketch out first the scheme of dependence and see how the various quantities involved in the problem are determined by one another and by disturbances from outside the system. Such a diagram enables one to tell at a glance whether a system is an open or a closed one. This is an important distinction, because a closed system possesses several significant properties. Not only can it act as a regulator, but it is capable of various "self-excitatory" types of behavior—like a kitten chasing its own tail.
The now-popular name for this process is "feedback." In the case of the thermostat, the thermometer's information about the room temperature is fed back to open or close the valve, which in turn controls the temperature. Not all automatic control systems are of the closed-loop type. For example, one might put the thermometer outside in the open air, and connect it to work the fuel valve through a specially shaped cam, so that the outside temperature regulates the fuel flow. In this open-sequence system the room temperature has no effect; there is no feedback. The control compensates only that disturbance of room temperature caused by variation of the outdoor temperature. Such a system is not necessarily a bad or useless system; it might work very well under some circumstances. But it has two obvious shortcomings. Firstly, it is a "calibrated" system; that is to say, its correct working would require careful preliminary testing and special shaping of the cam to suit each particular application. Secondly, it could not deal with any but standard conditions. A day that was windy as well as cold would not get more fuel on that account.
The feedback type of control avoids these shortcomings. It goes directly to the quantity to be controlled, and it corrects indiscriminately for all kinds of disturbance. Nor does it require calibration for each special condition.
Feedback control, unlike open-sequence control, can never work without some error, for the error is depended upon to bring about the correction. The objective is to make the error as small as possible. This is subject to certain limitations, which we must now consider.
The principle of control by feedback is quite general. The quantities that it may control are of the most varied kinds, ranging from the frequency of a national electric-power grid to the degree of anesthesia of a patient under surgical operation. Control is exercised by negative feedback, which is to say that the information fed back is the amount of departure from the desired condition.
ANY QUANTITY may be subjected – to control if three conditions are met. First, the required changes must be controllable by some physical means, a regulating organ. Second, the controlled quantity must be measurable, or at least comparable with some standard; in other words, there must be a measuring device. Third, both regulation and measurement must be rapid enough for the job in hand. As an example, take one of the simplest and commonest of industrial requirements: to control the rate of flow of liquid along a pipe. As the regulating organ we can use a throttle valve, and as the measuring device, some form of flowmeter. A signal from the flowmeter, telling the actual rate of flow through the pipe, goes to the "controller"; there it is compared with a setting giving the required rate of flow. The amount and direction of "error," i.e., deviation from this setting, is then transmitted to the throttle valve as an operating signal to bring about adjustment in the required direction (see diagram at the top of page 53).
In flow-control systems the signals are usually in the form of variations in air pressure, by which the flowmeter measures the rate of flow of the liquid. The pressure is transmitted through a small-bore pipe to the controller, which is essentially a balance piston. The difference between this received pressure and the setting regulates the air pressure in another pipeline that goes to the regulating valve.
Signals of this kind are slow, and difficulties arise as the system becomes complex. When many controls are concentrated at a central point, as is often the case, the air-pipes that transmit the signals may have to be hundreds of feet long, and pressure changes at one end reach the other only after delays of some seconds. Meanwhile the error may have become large. The time-delay often creates another problem: overcorrection of the error, which causes the system to oscillate about the required value instead of settling down.
For further light on the principles involved in control systems let us consider the example of the automatic gun-director. In this problem a massive gun must be turned with great precision to angles indicated by a fly-power pointer on a clock-dial some hundreds of feet away. When the pointer moves, the gun must turn correspondingly. The quantity to be controlled is the angle of the gun. The reference quantity is the angle of the clock-dial pointer. What is needed is a feedback loop which constantly compares the gun angle with the pointer angle and arranges matters so that if the gun angle is too small, the gun is driven forward, and if it is too large, the gun is driven back.
The key element in this case is some device which will detect the error of angular alignment between two shafts remote from each other, and which does not require more force than is available at the fly-power transmitter shaft. There are several kinds of electrical elements that will serve such a purpose. The one usually selected is a pair of the miniature alternating-current machines known as selsyns. The two selsyns, connected respectively to the transmitter shaft and the gun, provide an electrical signal proportional to the error of alignment. The signal is amplified and fed to a generator which in turn feeds a motor that drives the gun (see diagram on the next page).
THIS GIVES the main lines of a practicable scheme, but if a system were built as just described, it would fail. The gun's inertia would carry it past the position of correct alignment; the new error would then cause the controller to swing it back, and the gun would hunt back and forth without ever settling down.
This oscillatory behavior, maintained by "self-excitation," is one of the principal limitations of feedback control. It is the chief enemy of the control-system designer, and the key to progress has been the finding of various simple means to prevent oscillation. Since oscillation is a very general phenomenon, it is worth while to look at the mechanism in detail, for what we learn about oscillation in man-made control systems may suggest means of inhibiting oscillations of other kinds—such as economic booms and slumps, or periodic swarms of locusts.
Consider any case in which a quantity that we shall call the output depends on another quantity we shall call the input. If the input quantity oscillates in value, then the output quantity also will oscillate, not simultaneously or necessarily in the same way, but with the same frequency. Usually in physical systems the output oscillation lags behind the input. For example, if one is boiling water and turns the gas slowly up and down, the amount of steam increases and decreases the same number of times per minute, but the maximum amount of steam in each cycle must come rather later than the maximum application of heat, because of the time required for heating. If the first output quantity in turn affects some further quantity, the variation of this second quantity in the sequence will usually lag still more, and so on. The lag (as a proportion of one oscillation) also usually increases with frequency—the faster the input is varied, the farther behind the output falls.
Now suppose that in a feedback system some quantity in the closed loop is oscillating. This causes the successive quantities around the loop to oscillate also. But the loop comes around to the original quantity, and we have here the mechanism by which an oscillation may maintain itself. To see how this can happen, we must remember that with the feedback negative, the motion it causes would be opposite to the original motion, if it were not for the lags. It is only when the lags add up to just half a cycle that the feedback maintains the assumed motion. Thus any system with negative feedback will maintain a continuous oscillation when disturbed if (a) the time-delays in response at some frequency add up to half a period of oscillation, and (b) the feedback effect is sufficiently large at this frequency.
In a linear system, that is, roughly speaking, a system in which effects are directly proportional to causes, there are three possible results. If the feedback, at the frequency for which the lag is half a period, is equal in strength to the original oscillation, there will be a continuous steady oscillation which just sustains itself. If the feedback is greater than the oscillation at that frequency, the oscillation builds up; if it is smaller, the oscillation will die away.
This situation is of critical importance for the designer of control systems. On the one hand, to make the control accurate, one must increase the feedback; on the other, such an increase may accentuate any small oscillation. The control breaks into an increasing oscillation and becomes useless.
TO ESCAPE from the dilemma the designer can do several things. Firstly, he may minimize the time-lag by using electronic tubes or, at higher power levels, the new varieties of quick-response direct-current machines. By dividing the power amplification among a multiplicity of stages, these special generators have a smaller lag than conventional generators. The lag is by no means negligible, however.
Secondly, and this was a major advance in the development of control systems, the designer can use special elements that introduce a time-lead, anticipating the time-lag. Such devices, called phase-advancers, are often based on the properties of electric capacitors, because alternating current in a capacitor circuit leads the voltage applied to it.
Thirdly, the designer can introduce other feedbacks besides the main one, so designed as to reduce time-lag. Modern achievements in automatic control are based on the use of combinations of such devices to obtain both accuracy and stability.
So far we have been treating these systems as if they were entirely linear. A system is said to be linear when all effects are strictly proportional to causes. For example, the current through a resistor is proportional to the voltage applied to it; the resistor is therefore a linear element. The same does not apply to a rectifier or electronic tube. These are non-linear elements.
None of the elements used in control systems gives proportional or linear dependence over all ranges. Even a resistor will burn out if the current is too high. Many elements, however, are linear over the range in which they are required to work. And when the range of variation is small enough, most elements will behave in an approximately linear fashion, simply because a very small bit of a curved graph does not differ significantly from a straight line.
We have seen that linear closed-sequence systems are delightfully simple to understand and—even more important—very easy to handle in exact mathematical terms. Because of this, most introductory accounts of control systems either brazenly or furtively assume that all such systems are linear. This gives the rather wrong impression that the principles so deduced may have little application to real, non-li


text:
I'm excited for a new season. I'll be at Petco Park today with my wife and baby for Opening Day. Follow me on Twitter! (rbaly79)
For those that are going....
From the Padres:
The San Diego Padres will kick off the 2012 season Thursday, hosting the Los Angeles Dodgers at Petco Park at 4:05 p.m. All fans in attendance will receive a Padres Opening Day T-Shirt, presented by Sycuan. In addition, the first 25,000 fans through the gates will receive a 2012 Padres schedule cling and SD decal, presented by Aladdin Bail Bonds. Right-handed pitcher Edinson Volquez is set to take the mound before a sellout crowd.
Opening Day ceremonies are scheduled to begin at approximately 3:30 p.m. Thursday. Legendary broadcaster and Padres television play-by-play announcer Dick Enberg will emcee the Opening Day ceremony, celebrating San Diego, the military and baseball. The ceremony will feature a National Anthem performance by Navy Band Southwest, as well as the unfurling of the Holiday Bowl Big Flag, held by 225 sailors from the USS Peleliu, and a flyover of Marine Corps Harrier jets from Marine Attack Squadron 311 (VMA-311) out of Yuma, Ariz.
Also on Thursday, the Padres will honor longtime radio broadcaster Jerry Coleman, who is celebrating 70 years in baseball and 40 years with the Padres this season. Coleman, who holds the distinction of being the only Major League player to see active combat in two wars (World War II and the Korean War), will throw out the Ceremonial First Pitch.
Prior to the National Anthem, the Padres will celebrate the inaugural year of the club's Youth Baseball Initiative, which is outfitting more than 11,000 local Little League players in authentic Majestic Padres jerseys and corresponding caps in 2012. During the pregame ceremony, 100 Little Leaguers (five in each of the 20 uniform styles) will line the outfield baselines in celebration of the new community partnership.
Cmdr. Abe Thompson from the U.S. Navy's Third Fleet will perform God Bless America live before the 7th Inning Stretch.
Padres forgot to mention they will be facing against the 2011 National League Cy Young winner Clayton Kershaw!
Win or lose, should be a fun day!


text:
Saturday's Bellator 50 event airs at a special time.
With UFC Fight Nigh 25 airing on Spike TV that day at 9 p.m. ET/PT, Bellator 50's main card now airs at 7 p.m. ET/PT on MTV2 (and in high-definition on EPIX).
In addition to the main card, which includes the opening round of the season-five middleweight tournament, a stacked eight-fight preliminary card streams live (on both coasts) on Spike.com beginning at a special start time of 5 p.m. ET (2 p.m. PT).
With Bellator's adjusted start time, the Viacom-owned MTV2 and Spike TV avoid simultaneously airing MMA content. (Bellator, of course, is heavily rumored for a move to Spike TV either in 2012 or 2013 following the contractual end of of its UFC relationship.)
Bellator traditionally air its main cards at 9 p.m. ET/PT, though past events have aired early on UFC event weekends to avoid going head-to-head.
Bellator 50 takes place at Seminole Hard Rock Hotel & Casino in Hollywood, Fla. Main-card tourney bouts include Bryan Baker (15-2 MMA, 5-1 BFC) vs. Jared Hess (11-2-1 MMA, 4-2 BFC),
Zelg Galesic (10-5 MMA, 0-0 BFC) vs. Alexander Shlemenko (39-7 MMA, 4-1
BFC), Sam Alvey (15-2 MMA, 1-0 BFC) vs. Vitor Vianna (10-1-1 MMA, 0-0
BFC), and Victor O'Donnell (10-2 MMA, 0-0 BFC) vs. Brian Rogers (7-2 MMA,
The full card includes:
- Bryan Baker vs. Jared Hess (middleweight tourney quarterfinal)
- Zelg Galesic vs. Alexander Shlemenko (middleweight tourney quarterfinal)
- Sam Alvey vs. Vitor Vianna (middleweight tourney quarterfinal)
- Victor O'Donnell vs. Brian Rogers (middleweight tourney quarterfinal)
- Rad Martinez vs. Brian Van Hoven
- Edson Berto vs. Luis Palomino
- Ailton Barbosa vs. Ryan Keenan
- John Kelly vs. Cristiano Souza
- Shah Bobonis vs. Marcos da Matta
- Valdir Araujo vs. Ryan Hodge
- Marcelo Goncalves vs. Dietter Navarro
- Robert "R.J." Goodridge vs. James "J.P." Reese
For more on Bellator 50, stay tuned to the MMA Rumors section of MMAjunkie.com.
(Pictured: Bryan Baker)


text:
Here is the update to my bigcor function for creating large correlation/covariance matrices.
What does it do?
1) It splits a matrix with N columns into equal size blocks (+ a remainder block) of , , etc. Block size can be defined by user, 2000 is a good value because cor can handle this quite quickly. If the matrix has 13796 columns, the split will be 2000;2000;2000;2000;2000;2000;1796.
2) For all combinations of blocks, the correlation matrix is calculated, so $latex A_n/A_n, A_n/B_n, B_n/B_n etc.
3) The blockwise correlation matrices are transferred into the preallocated empty matrix at the appropriate position (where the correlations would usually reside). To ensure symmetry around the diagonal, this is done twice in the upper and lower triangle.
This way, the N x N empty correlation matrix is filled like a checkerboard with patches of n x n correlation sub-matrices. In our case, in which we split the N = 40000 columns into n = 8 blocks, we obtain 36 combinations (combn(1:8, 2) + 8; + 8 because of A/A, B/B etc) of blocks with dimension 5000 x 5000 each. This gives 36 x 5000 x 5000 x 2 (filling both triangles) – 8 x 5000 x 5000 (because the diagonals are created twice) = 1.6E9 = 40000 x 40000.
The function can found here: http://www.dr-spiess.de/scripts/bigcor.r
Timings for a 21796 x 21796 matrix roughly 2 min!


text:
These are chat archives for nightscout/intend-to-bolus
bash -c 'grep -i "missing required input fields" /home/pi/openaps/oref0-enacted/enacted-temp-basal.json'
grep with the close quote before
bash -c "grep -i \"missing required input fields\" /home/pi/openaps/oref0-enacted/enacted-temp-basal.json"
$HOME interpreted inside quotes, they need to be double ("), not single (').
upload/latest-treatments.json file is empty.
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 902 Sep 26 21:56 latest-treatments.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 1272 Sep 26 21:56 ns-status.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 31338 Sep 26 21:56 pumphistory-entries.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 3 Sep 26 21:58 latest-treatments.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 1231 Sep 26 21:58 ns-status.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 31335 Sep 26 21:58 pumphistory-entries.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 761 Sep 26 22:04 latest-treatments.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 1299 Sep 26 22:05 ns-status.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 31741 Sep 26 22:05 pumphistory-entries.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 3 Sep 26 22:05 latest-treatments.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 1299 Sep 26 22:05 ns-status.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 pi pi 31741 Sep 26 22:05 pumphistory-entries.json
openaps mmtune in oref0-setup (before the cron step) to try to catch obvious misconfigurations
Listening: ....................................................................................................Error, retrying means that
openaps wait-for-silence never returned "No comms detected" after 100 tries
openaps mmtune alias does
openaps report invoke monitor/mmtune.json 2>/dev/null >/dev/null
openaps report invoke monitor/mmtune.json 2>&1 | tail -1 or something
ns device for upload, that's one of the next things we need
meal.json shows this...
{ "carbs": 0, "reason": "not enough glucose data to calculate carb absorption" }
@scottleibrand @danamlewis Back in the office and allowed my Pi 3 w/ Carelink rig to run vai Crontab, after the setup script issues yesterday.
I can confirm that it was "npm run global-install" that solved the issue.
I was upgrading an old (app April 2015) rig with the script. I doubt this will happen for others, but may be worth trying to automate in the script.
hope it helps
I am having some issues with my Edison rig stopping in the middle of the night.
a) It is powered on and I can connect via SSH in the morning
2) After a reboot it seems to work fine
3) oref0 is not corrupt
4) Looking at tail I cannot immediately see anything
Any suggestions how / where to dig in to try to determine what has happened? IE are there better logs on the edison or openaps that I should checkout?
Further, it doesn't happen consistently - just something that causes the automation to stop.
What I did not test this morning, which I should have, is if I could run it manually before rebooting
cat enact/suggested.json
{"temp":"absolute","bg":121,"tick":"+6","eventualBG":158,"snoozeBG":158,"mealAssist":"Off: Carbs: undefined Boluses: undefined ISF: 30, Target: 145 Deviation: 12 BGI: 1.16","reason":"158-158 in range: no temp required, temp 1.175 ~ req 1.2U/hr"}
*/5 * * * * lsusb | grep OpenMoko || sudo reboot
@scottleibrand I think you are on to something. I have the TI stick connected via USB OTG in the Breakout board. Since I use the Sparkfun Powerboost, on J21, it works. I have however noted that when I reboot it does not power the TI stick up properly and I have to plug/unplug. When I boot from fresh it works fine.
I think that I may need to live with this until the new board is done since alternative is to solder.
@scottleibrand so just learned something interesting. If you reboot when the TI stick is powered up before reboot. It does not get enough power to start.
If you reboot when the stick is dead, then it starts up.
So with my logic the script above should work
git diff
class MMTune:
'US': { 'start': 916.300, 'end': 916.900, 'default': 916.708 },
"setFreq": 916.63,
"usedDefault": true
sudo pip install -e . in your mmeowlink directory. similar to https://github.com/oskarpearson/mmeowlink/wiki/Installing-MMeowlink#setup
pi@raspberrypi:~/mmeowlink-source $ sudo pip install -e .
Obtaining file:///home/pi/mmeowlink-source
Running setup.py (path:/home/pi/mmeowlink-source/setup.py) egg_info for package from file:///home/pi/mmeowlink-source
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): argcomplete in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/argcomplete-1.4.1-py2.7.egg (from mmeowlink==0.8.5)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): decocare in /home/pi/src/decocare (from mmeowlink==0.8.5)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): python-dateutil in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/python_dateutil-2.5.3-py2.7.egg (from mmeowlink==0.8.5)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): pyserial in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from mmeowlink==0.8.5)
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six>=1.5 in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/six-1.10.0-py2.7.egg (from python-dateutil->mmeowlink==0.8.5)
Installing collected packages: mmeowlink
Running setup.py develop for mmeowlink
Creating /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/mmeowlink.egg-link (link to .)
mmeowlink 0.8.5 is already the active version in easy-install.pth
Installing mmeowlink-bolus.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing mmeowlink-any-pump-comms.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing mmeowlink-rf-dump.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing mmeowlink-send.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing mmtune.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installed /home/pi/mmeowlink-source
Successfully installed mmeowlink
Cleaning up...
pi@raspberrypi:~/APS301 $ openaps use pump mmtune
"scanDetails": [
-99.......................................and same across the board......
"setFreq": 916.63,
"usedDefault": true
which mmtune.py and then look at the contents of the resulting file
which mmtune.py
mmtune.py doesn't depend on which directory you're in