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I can't think about that right now. If I do, I'll go crazy. I'll think about that tomorrow.
– Scarlett O'Hara
Limine motions use a Scarlett O'Hara approach to evidentiary problem-solving – at best, the most they accomplish is putting off the ultimate decision for another day. No matter whether a limine motion is granted or denied, no final ruling has been made on the admissibility of any evidence whatsoever. A limine order simply establishes the ground rules by which an offer of evidence can later be made. Because of this, no limine ruling will ever be considered error or grounds for reversal on appeal. Understanding this concept is a key component to learning how to most effectively use this evidentiary tool.
It is also important to understand the two basic ground rules which a limine order puts into play. They are simply this: If the limine motion is granted, the proponent of evidence must first approach the bench for a ruling outside the jury's presence before referring to the matter in front of the jury. If the limine motion is denied, the proponent of the evidence may offer that particular evidence at trial just like any other piece of evidence.
Keeping these broad concepts in mind, when making or responding to a limine motion, here are the basic guidelines:
- Rules: Limine motions are creatures of common law. Because in Texas there are no procedural rules which govern their use, attornneys should generally look to case law for guidance on substantive issues concerning limine rulings, and look to local rules for guidance on deadlines and other procedural aspects of getting them filed and heard.
- Purpose: Motions in limine are best used for situations involving inflammatory or highly prejudicial facts of questionable admissibility. It is an exceptionally good method of identifying in advance evidentiary situations which invoke Rule 404 of the Texas Rules of Evidence – evidence, which although relevant, may be excluded because its probative value is outweighed by the risk of unfair prejudice. A limine order keeps the skunk out of the jury box until the court has made a TRE 404 determination on whether the evidence can come in. Because this is the essential purpose of the rule, many judges are disinclined to waste time considering limine requests on more mundane matters, absent an agreement between the parties which can be enforced without argument on the point.
- Preserving Error: Never rely on a limine ruling to preserve error — it doesn't. If the judge denies a motion in limine, then the objecting party must act just as though the limine motion were never filed at all. At the time the objectionable evidence is offered, a timely, specific objection must be made and a ruling must be obtained thereon. If the judge grants the motion, the proponent of the evidence must approach the bench outside the hearing and presence of the jury, make an offer of the evidence and get a ruling on the offer. Oftentimes these offers are made during a bench conference or during a break when the court reporter is not recording the proceedings. No error is preserved if no record is made of the offer and ruling. It is also important to remember that error is not preserved unless this offer is made before the jury is charged (even if the parties agree otherwise).
- Violations: The appropriate remedy for a limine violation is contempt of court, which is punishable by up to a $500 fine, a 6-month imprisonment, or both. Because contempt (of court order) is the appropriate remedy for a limine violation, it is important to have a limine order actually entered. Therefore, a prudent attorney will provide the judge with an order to sign immediately after the court rules on the limine motion. Without a written order, contempt may not be available as a remedy. However, a judge may also grant a mistrial in response to a limine order violation.
- Persuading the Court to Grant the Motion: Given the fact that many courts don't allocate much time to hear limine arguments, don't bury an important limine issue among voluminous boilerplate requests. Pick the most important issues and focus on them. Don't wait until the last minute to file the limine motion. Absent a local rule governing their use, limine motions may be filed at any time, even after a trial has commenced. But waiting that late is not advisable. If a limine motion is important enough to file, then it's important enough to be filed early and heard well in advance of voir dire. This is especially important if the admissibility issue is unique or complex. The chances of having a limine motion granted increase if the judge has had ample time to consider the issue, arguments and perhaps briefing. Finally, since many limine issues cut both ways, obtaining agreement from opposing counsel on limine issues which are clearly appropriate and mutually beneficial is the easiest way to ensure that your motion is granted.
- Persuading the Court to Deny a Motion: Most judges frown on conducting jury trials in piecemeal or disjointed fashion. If an opponent's limine motion would require frequent bench conferences outside the jury's presence on non-inflammatory issues, an attorney may argue that this would impair the effective and efficient presentation of evidence in the case. So, if the matters raised in the limine motion aren't potentially prejudicial or inflammatory (such as an attempt to call a non-disclosed witness), then it may be argued that these matters are the type which would best be ruled upon in the ordinary course of trial.
- When Not to File: In a bench trial, for obvious reasons, although, believe it or not, I've actually seen that attempted a few times.
— Judge Bonnie Sudderth, 352nd District Court of Tarrant County, Texas


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subset: commoncrawl


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Message Board
Les Standiford Message Board
Talk about the novels, new and used books that Standiford has written!
Author Standiford's Book Reviews
Bone Key
Putnam, April 2002, 24.95,320 pp. ISBN 0399148744 John Deal is trying to return his deceased father's Florida building firm, DealCo Construction to its former glory. It's a matter of pride plus he needs the money to support his estranged wife and pay his daughter's tuition fees. He travels to Key West with his friend and co-worker Russell Straight to see if they can come to terms with local developer flamboyant Franklin Stone who wants Dealc...
Deal With The Dead
Putnam, Feb 2001, 24.95, 320 pp. ISBN: 0399147047 Miami builder John Deal wants to restore his deceased father's company to the hey days of the 1950s-1960s when Barton Deal was a major player in the construction boom. When John wins the bid on an advantageous government contract, he feels he has taken a large step back to what once was. However, sometimes you get what you wish for, especially if one is not careful in what they ask. ...
Havana Run
Putnam, May 2003, 24.95, 320 pp. ISBN: 0399150595 Thirteen years ago, police officer John Deal learned that his father committed suicide. His face was so badly damaged that his son couldn't recognize him. The police find papers proving John was supplying his father with information that he used in his business dealings. Unable to demonstrate he was set up, the brass allowed him to retire. John took over Deal Co, the construction company his fa...


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| 5.9°C Belfast
It was once seen as a safe haven for investors amid the turmoil of the financial crisis, but a decisive change in the political landscape means British Gas owner Centrica is now looking a riskier bet in the City.
Despite the public outcry about household gas and electricity bills, shareholders were until a few months ago kept happy by a steady flow of profits and dividends.
The domestic energy business, serving two fifths of the UK gas market, was raking in big earnings, especially after a big freeze at the start of 2013 forced customers to turn up the thermostats.
Centrica made so much money from households that it announced last spring that it would put a lid on further price rises for the time being.
But the largesse was short-lived, with a 9.2% average increase on dual fuel bills announced in the autumn, echoing similar large hikes from rivals.
However, politicians had begun to sense that the public was losing patience.
In September, Labour leader Ed Miliband told his party's conference that energy prices would be kept on hold for 20 months should they win power.
The speech marked the start of a downward drift in Centrica shares that has seen around a fifth knocked off the FTSE 100 group's value.
It was not just the fear of what might happen should Labour win that has shaken investors, but the subsequent political attention that has been focused on the issue of household bills and the regulation of the whole sector.
Centrica has other businesses including energy production and storage as well as international operations but with its British Gas arm serving 12 million homes in Britain, analysts fear it has much to lose from major changes in pricing and regulation.
Like other suppliers, it has blamed price hikes on a combination of rising wholesale energy costs, higher network charges for delivering power, and so-called green levies imposed by the Government to pay for energy efficiency initiatives.
When ministers announced a shake-up of the levies, it passed on the savings in the shape of a tariff cut, effectively reducing the level of the increase a few months before.
But the political climate continued to weigh on the sector and it was British Gas in particular that came into focus this month with a fresh intervention from Energy Secretary Ed Davey.
Mr Davey urged competition authorities to "think radically" as they consider whether to launch a full-scale investigation into the energy market that could see then former nationalised monopoly broken up.
In a letter to the regulators, he highlighted the company's dominance in the gas supply market, and figures showing its profit margins for gas were several times higher than they were for electricity. He said consumers could save £40 a year if they were aligned.
Elsewhere, investor mood was dampened in November by a warning that the group's annual earnings were likely to remain flat at £2.7 billion - rather than rising by 3-4% - amid challenging conditions for its business supply arm in the UK and US.
More recently, shares came under pressure after a ratings downgrade to "sell" from UBS, citing a likely cut in British Gas profit margins "to reduce political risks", as well as further threats from Labour's freeze and possible caps on margins and market share.
Analyst Stephen Hunt said there would be little consumer benefit from such interventions and that they could have a negative impact on security of supply as well as investment.
"However, ahead of the 2015 election, these concerns may not stop political parties proposing and (potentially) pursuing such policies."
Michael Hewson, chief market analyst at CMC Markets UK, said the climate had changed from a few years ago when banks were caught in a "maelstrom of volatility" amid the financial crisis.
Share prices of energy companies such as Centrica had provided "relative havens of tranquillity, with the added comfort of a fairly decent dividend in a period of rock bottom interest rates".
"The political climate has changed somewhat since then and the power companies have now become subject to intense scrutiny over how they set energy prices at a time when wage growth has been lagging well below inflation.
"Last year's intervention by Labour leader Ed Miliband to promise to cap energy prices was the opening salvo which helped torpedo the share prices of energy companies in the last six months with Centrica's share price dropping almost 20% since its September highs.
"Not only that, the companies are also having to cope with falling consumption, at a time when consumers are becoming much more energy aware and energy efficient, while the fairly mild winter temperature wise has also seen demand fall relative to the cold temperatures seen last year."


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Ten years ago, people with HIV/AIDS seldom thought about long-range career goals. HIV-positive employees felt stuck in their jobs, and planning for the future meant making sure they had long-term disability policies in place. But today, people with HIV are living longer, healthier lives, and it is important that they know their rights and responsibilities in the workplace.
The federal Americans with Disabilities Act, known as the ADA, and state and local laws in New York, protect people with disabilities from discrimination in employment, healthcare, and public accommodations such as restaurants and movie theaters. The United States Supreme Court recently ruled that people with asymptomatic HIV infection are protected under the ADA; New York's Human Rights Law similarly protects people with HIV whether they have symptoms or not. These laws also require employers to take certain steps to accommodate employees with disabilities.
But how do these laws play out in the real world? How can an HIV positive employee guard against discrimination in the workplace? And since most employees want to work in a satisfying environment, not to engage in litigation or other adversarial posturings with their employers, what steps can an HIV-positive employee take to ensure that an employer meets its responsibilities?
Don't Ask, Don't Tell: Confidentiality And Disclosure
Usually, disclosing HIV status is talked about in the context of disclosure to friends, family, and lovers. The discussion encompasses moral concerns, such as disclosure to a prospective sexual partner, and such practical concerns as reaching out for emotional support. Disclosure in the workplace, however, raises a completely different set of issues.
Unless your HIV status affects your present ability to perform your job, you are under no legal obligation to disclose your status to your employer. Because HIV cannot be transmitted through casual workplace contact, unless you are in a profession where it is likely that someone might be exposed to your blood (e.g., you are a surgeon or an emergency room nurse), disclosure of your HIV status in the workplace involves no moral issues. And because the law does not require our employers to respond to us with compassion or sympathy, disclosures in the workplace intended to engender such responses more often instead prove disappointing.
Carmen applied for a job as a receptionist for a mid-size accounting firm two years ago. When she was called in for an interview, she was nervous. She knew she was well qualified, but she didn't know how to respond if they asked her about her health. Since testing HIV-positive several years earlier, she had remained in a job she didn't like because she was scared about having to disclose her status to a new employer.
Then Carmen went to an employment rights seminar at her local HIV/AIDS organization. She learned that she did not have to disclose her HIV status to her prospective employer and that the interviewer could not ask questions about her HIV status or the general state of her health. Any medical questions asked in a pre-employment inquiry had to be directly related to her ability to perform the job for which she was applying. Carmen had been asymptomatic since recovering from a bout of PCP a year or so before, so she knew she could honestly say that she was able to perform the job as the firm's receptionist.
When Carmen arrived for her interview, she was asked to complete an employment application. And just as she had both feared and expected, there was one question about her health: "Are you taking any medications?" Carmen knew that the only question about medication that her prospective employer could legally ask was whether she was taking any medication that would affect her ability to do her job. In Carmen's case, the answer to that question was "no"; although she followed a three-drug antiviral regimen and took a PCP prophylaxis, she wasn't experiencing any side effects that interfered with her ability to perform her job. The accounting firm had taken a shortcut with this question and asked only if she was taking any medication. Carmen knew that she should just assume the legally proper question had been asked, and to answer that question truthfully: "No."
After the medical inquiry, the rest of the interview was a breeze. Carmen was offered the job and gladly accepted it. She has now been at the job for two years, and enjoys a good relationship with her supervisor and the other receptionists. Sometimes, though, she feels guilty about not telling her supervisor her HIV status. What if she gets sick and needs to take time off? Will they be angry that she never told them her status?
Legally, Carmen need not disclose her status to her employer at this time. But many people with HIV consider disclosing their status to their employers even though they are under no legal obligation to do so.
If you're contemplating disclosing your status in the workplace, an important consideration is confidentiality. New York's HIV confidentiality law does not govern workplace disclosures. This law prohibits healthcare providers, like your doctor and the lab that performs your blood work, and social services providers, like Body Positive and your therapist, from disclosing any HIV-related information about you without your written consent. But New York's HIV confidentiality law does not require anyone at work to maintain your confidentiality if you disclose your status in the workplace.
The ADA protects the confidentiality of an employee's medical information but does not specifically address the confidentiality of orally and voluntarily disclosed medical information. The courts will ultimately have to decide whether the ADA's confidentiality provisions protect the confidentiality of all medical disclosures in the workplace, or just those enumerated in the language of the law itself. Do you want to be the test case?
Disclosure in the workplace is a very personal, and usually a very optional, decision. But there are two situations in which an HIV-positive employee might be required to disclose something about his or her status to an employer: when an employee needs to take a short- or long-term medical leave, and when an employee needs a "reasonable accommodation" at work.
Have It Your Way?: Reasonable Accommodation
Both the ADA and the New York Human Rights Law require that employers make "reasonable accommodations" for employees with disabilities who are otherwise able to do their jobs. A reasonable accommodation could be a modification or adjustment to work duties, schedule, or environment, or to the initial application process, that would enable the employee to perform the essential job duties without imposing an "undue hardship on the operation of the business."
Legally, an employer can request medical documentation that an employee is eligible to receive the protections afforded under the ADA or the New York Human Rights Law. Thus requesting a reasonable accommodation might entail disclosing that you are HIV-positive.
The relevant laws do not set forth a particular method of requesting a reasonable accommodation, but the burden is on the employee to make the request. And although an employer is not required to make every accommodation proposed, an employer is legally obligated to work with an employee to arrive at an accommodation that will meet both the employee's medical needs and the employer's work needs.
The determination of whether an accommodation is reasonable is made on a case-by-case basis and depends upon the employee's specific medical needs and job duties. For example, if a computer programmer is experiencing debilitating neuropathy, it may be reasonable for the employer to permit her or him to work from home via modem. On the other hand, if the person with neuropathy is a social worker whose job requires meeting with several clients a day and facilitating on-site group sessions, working from home is not an option.
Carmen's firm, like so many others, is experiencing financial difficulties. One of the receptionists loses her job as a result of downsizing. Carmen's supervisor, Angela, decides that the remaining receptionists will stagger their hours between 8:00 a.m and 7:00 p.m. to cover the work of the lost receptionist. Carmen has always worked from 10:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., has taken lunch at 1:00 p.m., and has never had to put in extra hours. As a result of the new schedule, Carmen will now have to report to work at 8:00 a.m. on Tuesdays and Thursdays with a noon lunch break, and may have to work until 7:00 p.m. on the days she begins at 10:00 a.m.
Because Carmen is fearful for her own job, she silently accepts her new schedule. But with fewer receptionists, she soon finds that when one of the remaining receptionists is out sick or on vacation, she is expected to work through lunch and sometimes longer hours. Missing lunch interferes with Carmen's antiviral regimen. In addition, on the mornings she begins work at 8 a.m., she is often late because her protease inhibitor gives her diarrhea, and she can't leave home until she knows she can make it half an hour without needing the bathroom. Angela has started to complain about Carmen's tardiness, and Carmen is worried that she will get fired.
After three months of trying to adjust to her new work schedule, Carmen finally decides to seek a reasonable accommodation. She asks her doctor to write a letter telling her employer that her medication regimen requires that she eat lunch at the same time each day, and that her morning health maintenance routine makes it extremely difficult for her to arrive at work before 9:00 a.m.
She also asks her doctor to disclose her HIV status in the letter, because she knows that written medical documentation must be kept in a confidential personnel file and the information must remain confidential. Finally, Carmen asks her doctor to certify that Carmen is perfectly capable of working as a receptionist full time, but just requires a more regular schedule.
Carmen brings her doctor's letter, along with her own short letter specifically requesting a reasonable accommodation, to Jack, the Director of Human Resources. Carmen is nervous about her meeting with Jack, and worries that he will be angry that she did not disclose her status, and her medication regimen, when she first applied for the job two years ago. But she also worries that if she doesn't get an accommodation, she will lose her job and jeopardize her health.
Fortunately, Jack responds to Carmen's request favorably. He tells Carmen that he will talk to Angela to see how the receptionist scheduling can be changed to make the accommodation she needs. Carmen tells Jack that she really doesn't want Angela to know about her HIV status. Jack assures her that he won't disclose any specific medical information to Angela, but explains that as her direct supervisor, Angela will have to know that her schedule needs to be changed. Jack asks her to give him a week or two to permanently revise the schedule with Angela, but tells Carmen that until that time he will make sure someone can cover for her so that she can eat lunch at 1:00 p.m. every day.
The Firing Line: Discrimination
Federal, state, and local laws protect HIV-positive New Yorkers from discrimination by employers, healthcare providers, and public accommodations. No law says that an HIV-positive person cannot be fired, or that a doctor cannot refuse to treat an HIV-positive patient. Existing laws merely prohibit an employer from denying a job or a healthcare provider from refusing treatment because a person is infected with HIV. The law places the burden on the HIV-positive person to prove discriminatory intent.
In New York, unless you are a union member or are working pursuant to a contract of employment, you are an "employee at will." This means that an employer can fire you with or without notice, and for any reason so long as it is not an illegal reason. An HIV-positive employee can be fired for "legitimate business reasons" including, but not limited to, poor performance, excessive absenteeism, or downsizing. So if Carmen had been slated for a layoff during her company's downsizing, disclosing her HIV status would not have saved her job.
At this point in the HIV epidemic, most employers in New York do not fire or demote employees immediately upon discovering their HIV-positive status. Discrimination is often much more subtle, and therefore more difficult to prove. And once an employer has offered a non-discriminatory reason for the termination or other adverse employment action, the law puts the burden on the employee to prove that the "legitimate business reason" offered by the employer is a "pretext," and that the real reason for the adverse action was his or her HIV status.
Richard works as an administrative assistant in the payroll office of a large company. Richard's performance has always been exemplary, and Brenda, his supervisor, has been discussing with Richard her interest in promoting him to Payroll Associate. He anticipates that he will receive the promotion after his next performance review, scheduled for October.
Over the summer, Richard is diagnosed with PCP and remains hospitalized for ten days. When Richard gets home from the hospital, he calls Brenda and tells her that he has AIDS and will be missing a few weeks of work, on doctor's orders. Because Richard will miss almost seven weeks of work, he has to go on short-term disability. His doctor indicates his AIDS diagnosis on the disability application, which is then forwarded to the personnel office of Richard's company.
During his convalescence, Richard keeps in touch with Annie, a recently hired administrative assistant with whom he has become very friendly. Since Annie is handling many of Richard's job duties while he is out, she sometimes calls him to ask questions about work. During one of their phone conversations, Annie tells Richard that Brenda has told her that she doesn't want to "put any more effort" into training Richard because "he's going to die soon anyway."
When Richard returns to work after Labor Day, he finds his desk pushed into a corner of the office near all of the file cabinets. His coworkers' desks remain in their usual places, in the center of the office. Richard reports to Brenda's office, and asks why his desk has been moved. Brenda closes her door and tells Richard that because he is destined to get sick again, she will no longer be able to rely on him to do time-sensitive work. In fact, she has given some of his job duties to Annie and expects Richard to train Annie in all aspects of his job.
The next month is a nightmare for Richard. Everyone who comes through the door of his busy office asks why he is sitting apart from everyone else. Because Brenda has stripped him of his job duties, he often sits around with nothing to do. He has complained to Brenda that he is perfectly capable of working, but Brenda insists that she doesn't want to give him "important" work in case he's out sick again. Other than Annie, his coworkers don't talk to him anymore because they feel embarrassed by what has happened. And even Annie is not as friendly as she used to be because her workload has almost doubled since she inherited Richard's duties. Annie declines Richard's offers to help because she does not want to anger Brenda.
The second week of October, Brenda calls Richard into her office and tells him she is postponing his annual review. Brenda then calls a departmental meeting to announce that Annie has been promoted to Payroll Associate. Richard finally decides that he has had enough, and makes an appointment to speak to an employment lawyer.
Although in this example Richard has clearly experienced discrimination in the workplace, most cases are much more subtle.
If you think that your employer is treating you differently from other employees because you are HIV-positive, you should keep a record or journal of events that may help prove it in case you are fired or demoted. You should also always keep copies of your performance reviews, commendation notices, and disciplinary write-ups. Because employment in New York is at will, employers are not legally obligated to provide employees with the contents of their personnel files upon request.
In New York, you can learn more about issues affecting people with HIV at work at "Your Rights and Responsibilities as an HIV-Positive Employee," a monthly seminar conducted by the Legal Services Department at Gay Men's Health Crisis. Call (212) 367-1040 for more information or to speak to an attorney about your rights.
Marla Hassner is Managing Attorney, Litigation in the Legal Services Department at Gay Men's Health Crisis where she specializes in employment and insurance law for people with HIV and AIDS. Ms. Hassner has also served as a volunteer on the GMHC Hotline for almost nine years.
© 1998 by Marla Hassner. All rights reserved.


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Having abandoned the show to the Canadian wilderness in recent years, Microsoft is bringing its "X" event back into the limelight in 2010, with a showcase night planned to take place in San Francisco next month.
The last proper "X" event was all the way back in 2006, when Peter Jackson was in attendance promising great things, Microsoft's HD-DVD Drive still had an air of optimism about it and two young game designers shamed us with their dental hygiene standards.
This year's event will be showcasing a range of titles we've already seen (Alan Wake, Crackdown 2, Xbox Game Room and FFXIII) and some games we've already seen, but only fleetingly (Fable III, Halo: Reach & some promised Left 4 Dead 2 "add-ons").
The saddest/funniest part of the night? Splinter Cell: Conviction will be making its second X appearance, having been first announced back at X06 in Barcelona, three and a half years ago.
Microsoft of course promise there'll be more on show when it all kicks off on February 11, but we hear the focus will be on existing titles on the cusp of release, rather than announcing brand new projects.


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On the 7th December, Google has announced the launch of real time search in the search engine results pages.
The real time search concept
The concept behind real-time search is to deliver content, which is the freshest and most relevant to a search engine query.
With the increasing amount of content being put online every single minute and the short life of a piece of content, it is imperative for search engines to reflect this trend in their search results pages. In that sense, real time search is a radical move from the intial search engines model, where relevancy is not the main criteria anymore.
How real- time search is a challenge for Google
Over the last 10 years, Google has built its search engine around the concept of relevancy, where relevancy is gained over time and reputation. Old authoritative domains with solid links and content dominate search engine rankings.
Nowadays, freshness and recency needs to be integrated in the equation, which is a radical change to the initial concept of the Google algorithm. Content not only needs to be relevant but it needs to be recent and reflect user's intentions at the instant T.
Google and Real Time Search
Being pressured by the integration of Bing with Facebook and Twitter in October 2009, Google had to respond to remain in the game.
As a result Google has integrated news results and twitter results in its search engine results pages, with plans to integrate Facebook and MySpace in the near future.
While Google integrated freshness and recency by displaying Twitter results in its search engine rankings, it seems to have forgotten its core concept of relevancy.
In Google search results, Twitter updates are only displayed based on time rather than relvancy. As mentioned by Rand Fishkin and Danny Sullivan, the Google real time search results are similar to the old days of Infoseek. While relvance is still there, you do not need to be highly relevant to get top results, you just need to be quick.
Google's integration of real time search is therefore a little bit rushed and not fully inline with the giant's search model. To properly integrate real time search within their search engine results, Google still needs to review their algorithm to integrate both freshness and relevancy in the equation.
This is a major challenge for the Google model and algorithm and this will have to be addressed in the coming months...
Google Real-Time Search - Is this the end of the Google Model?
Wednesday, 16 December 2009
On the 7th December, Google has announced the launch of real time search in the search engine results pages.
Posted by Alban G. at 11:28 pm
Labels : Facebook, google, google algorithm, google rankings, search, search industry
5 Comments:
- mikeh2bi said...
Firstly, good post.
In answer to your question, No I don't think it's the end of the Google Model, and yes they certainly will need to tweak their real time algorithm if they are going to set themselves apart from the competition, as they have done for so long now.
You're right, relevancy should be a factor for real time results. For tweets, how would they determine relevancy? By the number of followers a user has? They could run into spam related issues here as well, but it's a good start. Alternatively, you could determine tweet relevance by the number of retweets or the number of times a URL is linked from within tweets.
Danny Sullivan is right (and I had a similar thought) "spammers are smart. They're happy to set up robotic accounts that do nothing but tweet all day".
Let's hope Google can get it right and avoid real time spam.
- 17 December 2009 at 4:33 pm
- Robert said...
Interesting piece Alban. It will be interesting to see how Google deals with the issues you have outlined. One thing is for certain, they will deal with it.
Robert K
- 18 December 2009 at 1:06 pm
- Alban G. said...
Mikeh2bi , Robert, thanks for your comments and I like like your optimism around Google.
Evaluating relevancy from Tweets is one of the challenges, but real time search is not only Tweeter. Relevancy will need to be evaluated with other social media and news websites.
One other challenge for Google will also be to evaluate recency for the "traditional" piece of internet content.
Spam should also be invetigated more than ever.
Let's see what they come up with in the following months
- 21 December 2009 at 11:14 pm
- Unknown said...
How do you improve relevancy in real-time?
I guess you cant exactly, well not yet. As mentioned, verification such as number of followers tweets etc. Would be considered but that would mean treating each user (and their results) like an individual website (checking against their algorithims) Problem is, people aren't websites - and cant be verified the same. I can have 1000 followers and be a spammer. Or have 5 followers and be authentic. Also, websites build reputation over time – real time skips that process.
If we are then told to treat real time results like web results and go to those we believe are authentic, or we have subscribed to (maybe linking accounts). Then all real time results will be are glorified RSS feeds. In fact, that's where i will put my money on. Total integration via accounts.
The results will be the first step, then the integration so they can add personalisation.
Spammers will have a good crack at this. Google isn't stupid however, im sure everything is apart of some bigger plan. Rather to stop other search engines, integrated every account with google results, or whatever it maybe. Unlike google, the results of their plan wont be in real time i suppose lol.
- 28 December 2009 at 4:30 pm
- Anonymous said...
There are numerous different pastime suggestions and actions that you could enjoy both on your personal or as part of a group.
- 25 December 2010 at 4:40 pm


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Banner photos: Cornelia Kraft
This is the website of Brett Hetherington:
a journalist and writer living in Catalonia, northern Spain.
Brett is the author of the non-fiction books: "Slow Travels in Unsung Spain" and "The Remade Parent".
He is represented by the Antonia Kerrigan LiteraryAgency in Barcelona and by Calidris Literary Agency in Australia. [Brett's Twitter page is here.]
"a compelling and eclectic narrative full of the unexpected" -- Nick Inman, Rough Guides
All my new and up-dated blog posts can now be found at my blog: "Standing in a Spanish Doorway."
Older blog posts below...
"The Sephardi Jews who settled in the Ottoman empire created a rich and varied literature in Ladino—their own dialect of Spanish written in Hebrew characters. Avner Pereztraces the history of this literature and its connection to contemporary Spanish literature:
For a long time, researchers thought that literary creation in Ladino had only begun in the first third of the 18th century. Material discovered in recent years has given us a completely different picture. The intellectual elite of the exiled Jews spoke a [uniquely Jewish] dialect, but was still part of the Hispanic world and used literary Castilian in its literary creations. What set [the language of these works] apart [from standard Castilian Spanish] was its use of Hebrew characters as well as the presence of other [distinctive Ladino features].
Three pieces of classical theater in Judeo-Spanish printed in Hebrew characters, dating back to the end of the 16th century, have come down to us. They were the first such pieces printed in Hebrew characters. Two of them, Aquilana, by Bartolome de Torres Navarro (1480-1530), and Tragedia Josephina, by Micael de Carvajal (who died in 1578), are pieces of Spanish classical theater [rendered into an early form of Ladino]. The third, Ma'aseh Yosef ("Joseph's Tale"), . . . is an original work. All this shows that the intelligentsia that descended from exiles from Spain had a rich cultural life. The channels through which they received the Spanish Renaissance culture were still open." [Source: Mosaic.]
Read more at eSefarad
Manuel Forcano launched his new book last week...
"(Barcelona, 1968; philologist, poet, translator), Els jueus catalans. La història que mai no t'han explicat. [The Catalan Jews: the history they never told you], 384 pages.
The publisher's summary:
This book gives an overview of the history of Jews in Catalonia, from the first mentioning to the current Jewish communities. When they arrived, where they settled, how they lived, who persecuted them and for which reasons, how they survived the attacks, where and how they prayed, how they organized themselves, which figures led them, what of them has survived, what they wrote and if they did so in Hebrew or Catalan – these are some of the questions that the book answers in an informative and entertaining way. During their century-long presence in Catalonia, from the Jewish communities arose geographers, grammaticians, physicians, poets, philosophers, theologians and kabbalists of enormous prestige, even today venerated in the Jewish world, but unfortunately hardly known in Catalonia."
Read more from source, Literary Rambles blog here.
This Thursday I was again a guest on Matthew Tree's English language panel discussion programme, "Our Finest Hour," on El Punt Avui TV.
Also involved were Gary Gibson, maker of the documentary "Spain's Secret Conflict" and speechwriter Madeline Carey.
[Spanish naval officer Alessandro Malaspina]
"Documents discovered in the archives of the Spanish navy reveal that Spain planned to invade the nascent British colony in Australia in the mid-1790s.
Chris Maxworthy, vice president of the Australian Association for Maritime History (AAMH), found the documents detailing a plan of attack approved by King Carlos IV to fire "hot shot" cannons, cannons that fired heated balls that could set wooden ships and buildings on fire as well as blow large holes in them, on Port Jackson, modern-day Sydney Harbour. "
Read more from the source (The History Blog) here.
Watching my son doing his geography homework the other day I was struck by how much time he was spending on selecting online images to accompany his (minimal) written work.
This activity is now a big part of modern education which I also know because as a (thankfully former) secondary school teacher of History and English I was continually struggling with students to focus on the text they were developing or learning from and to consider the pictorial aspect as secondary, or supportive.
Students as old as twelve would regularly include a photo of say, Adolf Hitler, with the caption, "Here is a photo of Adolf Hitler," with no other information about him, as if naming him was all that needed to be said and the real task was to cut and paste an image of him. Some older students would often just plagiarise whatever Wikipedia told them was the truth.
But why should I be surprised about all this? If you are reading this article on a train or metro have a look around right now, or next time. There will probably be more people scrolling through photos on their phones than reading something (apart from chatting by text, perhaps.)
The popularity of social media has given rise to even more use of moving or still pictures as communication. Instagram and YouTube, to name just two, have meant that sharing visuals is easy, fun and almost cost-free. Amateur photography has never been so straight-forward, thanks to camera-phones and digital technology.
Children are obviously some of the major users of their own photos as well as those of their friends. One survey of more than 2,700 young British people aged 13 to 25 found that almost one in six children sends naked photos. Equally, this so-called "sexting" phenomenon in the USA lead investigators from the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children to find that of the more than 130 million images containing child pornography examined since 2002, one in four were initially posted by minors themselves.
It's natural for young people to have an interest in their bodies and other's bodies as well. I see no big problem there but an apparent increase in obsession with body image can at least partly be explained by the strong influence of 'supermodels' (recently including male ones) and the visual appeal of "skin is in" singers and groups, especially from hip-hop, rap and R&B.
The power of the metrosexual male idol such as David Beckham or Ronaldo has yet to be explored in the mainstream media but this increased emphasis that male-grooming puts on the connection between the visual and the physical is abundantly clear.
Our society simply values those with "eye candy" appeal more than anything else and that is because a glance takes a split second but conveys so much. It's for this basic reason that film stars have long been paid absurd amounts of money compared to others in the creative industries including virtually all painters, writers and non-commercial musicians.
Looking is easy. Listening is often hit and miss.Reading needs more concentration or patience.
[This article was first published in Catalonia Today magazine, April 2015.]


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Worlds News: *Results/Start Lists *TV Schedule The only way to watch the worlds live is on WCSN for $4.95
Thursday Distance Qualifying:5000:Tariku Bekele, Kipchoge Lead 5000m Qualifying as All 3 Americans Advance Adam Goucher even qualified despite kicking a lap early. (Slightly related: the IAAF should end qualifying on time in events above 800).Ethiopian Perspective: Tariku Bekele and Abraham Cherkose negotiate tricky 5000m semis800*Round 1 of 800: Rashid Ramzi Runs, All the Favorites Advance The most exciting event at Worlds.
Jana Pittman Wins 400m Hurdles*Video of Jana Rawlinson Winning 400m Hurdles
Lagat Gets GoldWebb 8th The world's 2nd fastest ever at 1500m has been the bridesmaid twice and missed the last 2 World Championship. But on Wednesday he was golden as he powered down the final straight to capture the title as a slew of guys were in contention for the title. It was the first US 1500m title in 99 years. 2007 World leader Alan Webb faded to 8th during the final straight.Alan Webb Quote: "It was a colossal breakdown"*Tim Layden Writes About the Dejection of Alan Webb and Stomach Problems That Plagued Lagat Earlier This Summer *Philip Hersh: Did Webb's Desire to Get in Front Doom Him?*Washington Post on Bernard Lagat and Webb Washington Post*IAAF Recap here. Letsun.com recap coming*Quotes from top 4 (Ramzi said he had bad tactics)*Photos*Video 1500: The Final lap of the men's 1500mTuesday: Kipruto Shows There is Order in the World and Leads Kenyan 1-2-3 Sweep No country dominates an event like Kenya does the steeplechase. Kenyan born athletes have every gold medal and 30 of the 39 total medals since 1988.
Monday*Lagat/Ramzi Impress, Webb Barely Survives 1500m Semifinal Webb was in last place on the last lap and was just able to barely move up the final 5 meters and get the last automatic spot (by .06) for the final, as he gave many letsrun.com viewers a near heart attack. Rashid Ramzi won Webb's heat. In the other heat, Bernard Lagat was in last place as well for most of the heat but smoked the field the final 100m to get the win. The big news was the DQ of Mehdi Baala which is the best news Alan Webb could have gotten on a day where he was 5th in his semi.*Message Board thread on Webb's Semi
Russia Goes 1-2 in Women's Steeplechase And that was even with Russian world record holder Gulnara Samitova-Galkina finishing 7th after fading off of her fast opening pace.*Jepkorir Talks About her Bronze in Steeple, Admits Women's Steeple Isn't that Deep
Sunday Recap from IAAF In addition to Tyson Gay, World Champ Bershawn Jackson crashed into the final hurdle while leading and did not make the final as a result.800 Semis: Janeth Kepkosgei Cruises to 1:56.17 World Leader in Semis of 800 at World Champs
Tirunesh Dibaba Survives Fall Retains GoldGoucher Gets Bronze A side stitch to Tirunesh Dibaba and a collision between the Ethiopians shook things up in the women's 10k and gave the opportunity for Kara Goucher to get the bronze. Dibaba fell off the pack, grabbed her side, and contemplated dropping out but stormed back to the victory. Goucher held off Jo Pavey for the bronze.*Sports Illustrated's Tim Layden Writes about Goucher's Historic Medal*Dibaba's Effort Is Herculean*Britain's Jo Pavey Runs Race of Life But Finishes 4th in 10k IndependentBlowout LetsRun.com Coverage of WorldsLuke Kibet Wins MarathonKibet was unheralded coming in, but blew away the field for the win in the opressive heat. The hometown Japanese got the team gold as the World champs got underway.LetsRun.com Previews (Plus Your Predictions):*Men's Steeplechase World Champs Preview: Can The Kenyans Sweep?*Women's 10k Final: 2007 World Championship Women's 10k Preview: Dibaba Going for 9th World Crown at Age 21 Dibaba is truly incredible and only 21.
Previous PreviewsMen's Marathon: A New Champion Will be Crowned 2 time champ Gharib is out. Hendrick Ramaala is the LetsRun.com fans favorite.Men's 1500: 1500m World Champs Preview: Alan Webb Goes for History The first round is never a cakewalk in the 1500.Women's Steeple: Can The Russians Sweep? Probably notWomen's 800: An 'Unkown' Favorite
2 Time Defending Champ Gharib Out of MarathonThe action gets away Saturday (am) in Japan. Friday afternoon in the US. Check back later today as we start our extensive worlds coverage with a men's marathon preview.*Marlon Devonish Does Not Think Both Asafa Powell and Tyson Gay Will Make 100m Final Times of London*Tyson Gay Leads American Sprinters at Worlds*Former World Champ Eunice Barber Out of Heptathlon, Helps Chances of Brits Kelly Sotherton and Jessica Ennis *Tyson Gay Leads American Sprinters at WorldsInjury News:*Marathoners Constantina Tomescu Dita and Wataru Okutani Out of Worlds Dita was a strong medal threat.*Christian Olsson Reinjurs Hamstring is Out of Worlds Which Improves Chances of Phillips Idowu BBC
Nice Read: Swedish Steepler Mustafa Mohamed Has a Good Shot at a Medal and He Credits Training in Kenya for His Success His training partner is Paul Kipsiele Koech, the World #1 in 2007, who didn't make the Kenyan team. Mustafa says, "Before I went (to Kenya) I thought I trained hard, but I learnt what hard training really is there"More Worlds News:*Ana Guevara Targets 4th Medal at Worlds*Simeon Williamson, Britain's Top Young Sprinter is Sitting at Home for Some Reason Guardian*After Great Success in 2004, Sheena Johnson is Tryiing to Get Back on Track in 07 with a New Coach She's now with Felix Sanchez's coach*Ugandan Athletes to Be Managed by Their Local Managers Previous:*Asafa Powell Goes Clubbing in Japan Until 2am But he did show up for training 4.5 hours later.*Jeremy Wariner Thinks He Can Get World Record in 400 at Worlds Guardian*Sudanese Athletes, Including Some from Darfur, Are Hoping to Make Their Mark at Worlds Brits*British #1 Long Jumper Chris Tomlinson Nearly Quit Sport Times of London*Kelly Sotherton Hopes Javelin Problems are Behind Her BBC
Worlds Start Friday*Associated Press Preview of Worlds We'll have our world famous prediction contest up tomorrow.*New Zealand WChamp Team Announced - 10 Athletes Strong Adrian Blincoe made the cut for the 5k but has withdrawn
Forget About Worlds, Some People Are Already Worried About Olympic Trials Housing:*Long Article On Track Town Housing Mania - House With Maid Service + Wifi For 8k registerguard.comShorter 1 Page Articles on The Details of the Mania:*Apartments Across The Street From Hayward Field Are Going For $250 a Night In Eugene
Some Eugene Residents Are Offering Their Houses For Swapping on Craigs List For Next Year's Trials*An Email Interview With British 400m Runner Andrew Steele Independent
*Great Britain's Chances For Success Appear Slim Two years ago they didn't win gold until the last day thanks to Paula Radcliffe. This year, things are expected to be even worse. Could they really get shut out of all individual medals*A New Breed of Sprinter: Tyson Gay and Asafa Powell The two are very fast but they don't trash talk, instead they are polite and speak softly. *A Look At Jamaica's Best Medal Hopes*Profile of GBR Marathoner Mara Yamauchi She was born and educated at Oxford but actually lives now in Japan.IAAF Previews:*Preview of 5k and 10k at Worlds*Preview of Marathons at Worlds*Kenyan Team Wraps Up Training in Kenya for Worlds EA Standard*Kenyan 800m Hopes on Wilfred Bungei's Shoulders at Worlds allafrica.com**Björn Otto Finally Bringing Success in Vault Outdoors BBCPrevious:*World Champs Throws Preview*World Champs Hurdles Preview *Osaka Jumps Preview
Track and Field Star=Designated Driver:Lengthy Jo Ankier ProfileThe beauty is trying to avoid the Anna Kournikova Syndrome"A lot of people would say to me: Jo, you never drink. But it was good
for my friends as it meant that I would often do the driving."
Craig Mottram Pulls Up on Track With Hamstring Scare The LetsRun.com spies are all over the world.
Alan Webb Breaks 25-Yr Old American Record In Mile!! In front of a tiny crowd of less than 1,000 in Belgium, Webb ran 3:46.91 to break Steve Scott's record. Webb is now the 8th fastest miler in history, and the 7 ahead of him are a who's who of track and field's all-time bad-ass middle distance runners. The Belgium meet actually had a lot of fine distance action with tons of Americans. In the women's 5k, American Molly Huddle got the win in a new pr of 15:26. In the men's 5k where American Dathan Ritzenhein had the lead with 400 to go but got blown away by Daba Bekanaand Alistair Cragg over the last lap. Bekana got the win in 13:06 as Ritz ran 13:16. In the women's 1500,
Lauren Fleshman had a 4 second PR as she ran 4:07 to get the win over Amy Mortimer. In the men's 1500, Ian Dobson, whose previous pr was 3:43.04 ran 3:39.62 for 2nd.*Results*Race Video*Post-Race Teleconference Excerpts From WebbAll Africa Games:Day 4: Van Zyl leads South African gold parade in Algiers Day 3: Kaki surprises Mulaudzi in Algiers - All
Africa Games Day 3Day 2: World XC Champ Zersenay Tadesse Wins All Africa 10k Title in 27:00, Nigeria Sweeps 100m Crowns Tadesse got Eritrea's first gold at the Games but it has only been a country for 14 years.*Results
Track Talk- 1st Podcast
Our 1st Ever Edition of Track Talk (Tuesday)Featured Alan Webb - Download or Listen Here
Since two weeks ago our live broadcast of the USATF 10ks made history and was the largest live show ever listened to on talkshoe.com, we thought we'd try again. Despite a few technical difficulties (sorry about the small echo on our end when Wejo or Rojo spoke for the first part), the show ended up being a success as Alan Webb joined us live from Sweden and answered any and all questions - including questions no one but LetsRun.com would dare to ask. Webb talked about everything from his chances of medalling
at worlds, to his failure
at Pre, to who would win at 10k Ritz, Hall or himself. Webb even picked a winner in a hypothetical race between Jim Ryun and Steve Scott and even talked about his future marathon debut. Plus the personal side of Webb came out as he talked about running with random high schoolers in Europe. At the end of the interview, Webb even answered the question that has spawned at least 3 lengthy threads in the last month - Rogaine or Propecia? Download
or listen here
*More On Alan Webb's 800 PR From Monday: The guy who beat him wasn't a chump - he was world junior champ last year.
Must Read
Inspirational Profile of Boston Marathon Record
Holder Robert Cheruiyot The
life story of Cheruiyot, who is looking for his 3rd Boston title
Monday, is truly remarkable. After being abandoned by his
parents, he found a way to survive, first as an indentured
servant and then on 30 cents a day helping out at a barbershop
where he smoked every day. Thoughts of suicide entered his
mind but now less than 10 years later he is running for history
although last year's crazy fall
at Chicago hasn't helped him as
he had to go back to the hospital just 3 weeks ago.
In case you
missed it:
Todd Williams Hangs them up
In our lengthy 3 part interview, Todd Williams, the premier 10,000m
runner in the US, talks about his illustrious career and the sport of
running in general.
Part I
Part II
here, Part III
take a look at Amby Burfoot's look at Todd Williams' incredible American record
at 15k in 1995, the
same year he finished 9th
at World Cross Country.
isn't always better:
"I had over-trained. I put too much pressure on myself because I wanted
that gold medal too much. If I had trained 15 per cent less, I would
have won. I was training like a crazy person. There was a lack of
self-confidence and a lack of maturity. An athlete does not only train
with his body. He trains with his mind."
-Hicham El Guerrouj on
why he didn't win Olympic gold in 2000
JK Speaks: Progressing
To Peak Fitness LetsRun.com
coaching guru John Kellogg talks
about progression runs and the art of the sport versus the science of
the sport.
Book Reviews 2 Good Reads on Milers 50 years apart:
Sub 4:00 and The Perfect Mile
Maurer, in The Gift, not
only presents an interesting and captivating story, but he explores the
deeper questions of why runners run, why we compete, and what makes
such a simple sport, running, so rewarding to those of us who do it. The
Gift is one of the
best running books
I have ever read. "
-LetsRun.com's Weldon Johnson
a new Running novel,
The Gift
Gift is now available from Amazon.com)
Paul Tergat
*"As the holy scriptures say, 'for whoever much is
given, much is
expected,' it is, therefore, my duty and privilege to help in any small
way in giving back to society."
world record holder, Paul Tergat, speaking after
founding a sports foundation that will help disadvantaged youths.
hamstring injury has healed and he
says he's ready to go at NYC: "I
expect good results as I am in good shape"
but he's
out of next week's Half Marathon in Britain, but
interestingly Gezahegne Abera (remember him,
formerly the greatest marathoner in the world) is running. www.registerguard.com
winner is:
Movie of All-Time: Fire
on the
sitting on the results for months, we're proud
to announce that the best running movie of all-time as selected by our
viewers is a not an academy award winner, Chariots
of Fire, or a
highly publicized film produced by Tom Cruise (Without
but rather a running documentary,
Fire on the Track: The Steve Prefontaine
Story. Read all about the
voting and see
the 10 best running
movies of all-time as selected by our viewers.
A Staff of
"Perhaps the most
valuable gift from
Letsrun.com is a friendly
willingness to share lessons learned by their editorial staff, which
includes successful college coaches and highly competitive athletes. "
-Gary Droze, writing about
letsrun.com in the Tallahassee
Thursday: ResultsTyson Gay Gets Second Gold Joins Mo Greene As Only 100-200 Double WinnerHopefully Lance Brauman his coach was able to see his prodigy win gold live on WCSN. Video: Video of Tyson Gay's 200m Win *Now the Marketing of Tyson Gay Begins An article in the NY times doesn't hurt to kick things off.
Wins Incredible Long Jump Andrew Howe PRd on the final jump to take the lead then Saladino prd as well to get the win on his last jump. Not quite as good as Powell and Lewis in 1991.*Video of Saladino's Clutch Winning Long Jump*Video of Andrew Howe Taking Lead in Long Jump and Then Going Nuts Yes nuts. Worth a watch.
Just Like in 2005, Mbulaeni Mulaudzi Enters 800 as World Leader*The Other Americans in 400 Want to Shine*Africans Starting to Fear Mottram 5k prelims
Wednesday: *Michelle Perry Repeats as World Champ in Hurdles She still is in contention for the Golden League jackpot as well.*Ohuruog and Sanders 1-2 Reminds Britain of Its Glory Days in Track and Field Independent*Michael Johnson: Christine Ohuruogu's ban helped transform her*Donald Thomas Wins High Jump He's the guy who jumped 7 feet in high tops with his buddies last year after they said he'd be good at it.
Wednesday's Minor Action:*Women's 5k Heats America's Jen Rhines and Shalane Flanagan made the final*Britain's Jo Pavey Makes 5000m Final *Favorites Advance in Women's 1500m Qualifying Treniere Clement and Erin Donohue made the final.
Kenya Gets 4 Medals in 20 Minutes on Tuesday
Dominque Arnold Out of 110m Hurdles
After Year of Hell, Christine Ohuruogu Is Shooting for Podium Today in 400
Neighbors Impressed, Surprised Luke Kibet Won Gold in Marathon
LetsRun.com Women's 800m: Historic Win for Janeth Jepkosgei Contrary to popular opinion, the Kenyan women have had very little success at the World Champs or Olympics (only 12 medals of any kind at the last 16 champs) Jepkosgei helped change by getting Kenya's second track gold ever on the women's side and first medal ever in a middle distance event.
Tirunesh Dibaba Decides Not to Defend 5000m Title Against Defar The world champs will miss one of the most anticipated matchups.
For all of You Saying Alan Webb Was Taking it Easy: Alan Webb Acknowledges He was Not Sure He Made the Final
Monday: Bekele Survives Strong Challenge from Sihine and Mathathi Mathathi nearly broke Bekele and Mr. Silver Sihine appeared to be sprinting away from him on the final lap, but in the end Bekele had a monster final 200 to get the win. Abdi Abdirahman hung with the leaders for 7k and finished 7th. Dathan Ritzenhein and Galen Rupp were off the pace throughout but finished a respectable 9th and 11th.*Quotes from the AmericansWe Agree: Sileshi Sihini the Most Underrated Runner in the World
Veronica Campbell Wins 100m in Blanket Finish at Worlds It took at least 5 minutes to determine a winner as she edged Lauryn Williams and the unknown Carmelita Jeter*On the boards: Was Lauryn Williams Robbed?*Tim Layden Writes About Lauryn Williams, Lance Brauman, Alan Webb Sports Illustrated
Tyson Gay 9.85 Win over Asafa PowellHe walked down Powell to get the coveted 100m title as Powell locked up and got 3rd.*Michael Johnson Says Asafa Powell is Not a Great Competitor *Tyson Gay's Coach Lance Brauman Gets Out of Jail TodayVideo: Men's 100m Final*Tyson Gay Talks About His Win*Derrick Atkins Talks About His Silver Video: Horrendous Fall in Men's Steeple Chase Warning This is Not for the Feint of HeartVideo: Tyson Gay Talks About His Win*Tyson Gay Website Launches Nice timing as adidas now has the fastest man in the World for the first time in a while.More Sunday Coverage: Kelly Sotherton Gets Bronze in Heptathlon Rails On Drug Cheat Silver Medallist
Reese Hoffa Wins Shot, Adam Nelson Gets Silver A 1-2 for the former training partners.Saturday Recaps: *From Chicago TribuneThe British Are Coming: Three Brits May 100m Semis, Only 1 American *S. Africans Bomb in 400m Hurdles*Brits Jessica Ennis and Kelly Sotherton Have Medal Shots after Day 1 of Hepathlon, Carolina Kluft Looking Good
LetsRun.com Fireworks in Round 1 of Men's 1500m: Kiprop Makes Statement , Ramzi Looks Good Asbel Kiprop stared down Alan Webb DURING their heat and then threw up a #1 sign at the finish. Defending champ Ramzi ran his first race of 2007 and did not look like he has missed the entire season with injury. Extensive LetsRun.com coverage
Non LetsRun Coverage of Worlds: *Asafa Powell and Tyson Gay Crusie in Round 1 The big shock was Francis Obikwelu, the Olympic Silver Medallist, false starting and being dqd.*IAAF Recap of Kibet's Marathon Win* Tim Layden of SI's 8 Matchups to Watch at Worlds *Amy Shipley Recap from Wasington Post Pre Worlds Coveage:IAAF Preview of Day 1 of Worlds Hopefully people will turn out as ticket sales are disappointing.*Christine Ohuruogu Runs 50.56 in Osaka Preview BBCMens 1500: Asbel Kiprop Received Like a Star in Japan His PR is 5 seconds slower than Webb but some think he has a shot.Heptathlon Starts: Kelly Sotherton Thinks She Can Dethrone Carolina Kluft Times of London1st 2 Round of Men's 100: World Record May Be Broken in Tyson Gay, Asafa Powell ShowdownMen's 5k : African Champ Moses Kipsiro Has His Birthday on Day of 5k FinalMen's 400: Michael Johnson Says Jeremy Wariner Can Break His World RecordRandom:*Seb Coe 'Britain Will be Lucky to Win Three Medals'*Retired 9.98 Man Jason Gardener Talks About Worlds*Britain May Get Its Worst Medal Haul Ever at WorldsGuardian
Seb Coe, Sergey Bubka Elected IAAF VPs*BBC Audio Interview With Seb CoeAmerican Bob Hersh was also elected*Ex Doper, Stasi Informant Heike Drechsler Elected to IAAF Committee *Results of All IAAF Elections
Worlds Distance News: *Kenenisa Bekele dismissing Craig Mottram*Ethiopian Sensations Dibaba and Defar Ready to Resume Rivalry at Worlds*Is This the Year for 1500m World Leader Yelena Soboleva? *S. African Team Ready for Marathon on Saturday at Worlds *Nigeria Athletics Coach Says Team Did Not Prepare Properly*Kenyan Men Hoping to Repeat Success of 1991 Worlds in Tokyo
Craig Masback Head of USATF Gets a Blog: "It is impossible to compete against romanticized recollections of what it
used to be like." People love to romanticize everything. No one saw Alan Webb break the AR this year and the public really didn't care but in 30 years we'll all act like everyone did.
News We Missed: Rashid Ramzi Only 75% Fit The 800, 1500m World champ has not raced in 2007.
Seb Coe Up for IAAF Vice Presidency, Likely to Vie with Bubka for Presidency Times of London
Worlds Distance News: *Kenyan
Junior Asbel Kiprop Has PB 5 Seconds Slower than Alan Webb, He Has Not
Run Well Outside of Africa, Yet Some Are Picking Him for Gold He was the World XC jr champ and All Africa Games 1500m champ.*Bekele Heavily Favored to Make it 4 in a Row at 10k*Steve Cram: More Athletes Need to be Like Liz McColgan GuardianKenya:*Kenya Hasn't Won a World Champ Gold in 20 Years in Men's Marathon Don't expect it to happen this year either as Kenya's best men aren't running worlds.*First Kenyan Contingent off to Worlds
Gouchers, Rupp (and AlSal) Ready for Worlds:Rupp, Gouchers and Salazar Go to Altitude They appear to have left nothing unaccounted for in their Worlds preparation. Not only do they go to altitude but they took their altitude tents with them.The Oregonian did 3 articles on their Worlds preparation.More on Gouchers, Rupp and Salazar at Altitude Photos plus more details on Salazar's heart attack. The paddles had to be used 8 times (not 4) on him and his doctors said he had a 1/10,000 chance of surviving.*A Look at the Science of Going to Altitude*Message board thread on these articles
Drug Cheat Mastermind Victor Conte Trying To Rebuild His Life The guy is still involved in sports and supplements
2 Time Defending Champ Tatyana Tomashova Out of Worlds Is it just us or do the Russian women not get a lot of respect? Her name barely rung a bell.
Paula Radcliffe Consulting Experts About Pollution in Beijing The pollution is going to be bad unless the government totally shuts down the country's factories which it has said it might do. Ahh the advantages of totalitarism (If anyone has any good ideas for Beijing political commentary tshirts email us. We'll both get rich.)*Pollution to be a Big Problem in BeijingBBC
Kenyan 800m Hopes on Wilfred Bungei's Shoulders at Worlds allafrica.com
LaShawn Merritt Says Jeremy Wariner is Beatable and He Is the One Who Will Beat Him Merritt dedicates every race to his brother, Antwan, who died in tragic circumstances in a dorm room fall in 1999. He'll have his hands full with Wariner but just as this message board poster was saying in a detailed analysis (post of the day nominee), Merritt is the only runner capable of beating Wariner. Apparently Merritt's grandmother died last week. We send our condolences.
Retired Ian Thorpe Providing Medical Records to Explain Why He Had High Testosterone Levels
Paris Golden League MeetWEBB 3:30.54 Win in Paris!!!!!Webb went through the 1200 in 2:49 when Baala took the lead. Both guys were battling down the home stretch but Webb just had enough strength left over the last 50 meters to get the biggest win of his career in a time that makes
him the #3 American (fastest American born). Unlike the Sports Illustated cover jinx, appearing in a LetsRun.com live podcast gives one great karma. Listen to Webb talk about his career on Tuesday - just 3 days before the biggest win of his career.
*Results*Distance Recap (RRW) The men's steeple was a disaster as they miscounted the laps
*Overall Meet Recap (IAAF)
*Recap of Webb's Race (IAAF)*AP Recap: Sanya Richards Runs Fastest 400m Of Year*Cuba's Dayron
Robles Stuns WR Holder Liu Xiang 13.13 to 13.15*Derrick Adkins Asafa Powell's 2nd cousin Wins 100m*James Carter Edges A. Taylor In 400h as Tirunesh Dibaba Wins 5k in 15:21*Webb Post Race Flocasat Video Interview*American Star Jim Spivey Posts About Alan Webb Twice Here and Here Spivey
made three Olympic team, got 5th in the 1984 Olympics, and ran 3:31.*Britain's Phillips Idowu Skips Paris GL*Britain's Tim Benjamin Struggles Home 7th In 400m
*Start Lists*Paris Golden League Preview IAAFThe Golden League meets are the top ones in the world for a reason. The LetsRun.com anticipation centers on the hot men's 1500 with a stacked
field including Americans Lagat and Webb.*Lagat Ready for Baala's Challenge Today in Hot 1500 in Paris IAAF*Asafa Powell Out of Golden League Meet and
$1 Million Chase With Groin Injury*British Triple Jumper Idowu Out of Golden League Chase with Injury*Isinbayeva Ready for Golden League Challenge Today IAAFVideo: *Bernard Lagat Pre Race Press ConferenceA Great Read!! An
Interesting Profile Of Currently The World's Fastest Man Tyson Gay The former Razorback talks about drug acusations in sport, running fast and being coached by a man in prison.
Haile Gebrselassie's Addicted to Running: "I always have a goal to do something. That way I keep running. It's
an addiction to winning. But it's also an addiction to run - it is like
a drug. If I'm not sweating I don't feel good."
Wejo's Kenya Trip: Kenyan Distance Running Part I: Kenya, the Land of Opportunity You've seen the highly praised photos, read the incredible race recap, now
learn about the Kenyan distance phenomenon. In this article, Wejo looks at the motivations of Kenyan runners. "Running in Kenya is by and large about one thing: money opportunity.
LetsRun.com Wejo's Kenya Photos: 546 Photos from His Post World XC Trip See how the Kenyans live and train in Eldoret and Iten. Plus photos of Kip Keino's center, St. Patrick's High School, Singore Girls School, Lornah Kiplagat's, and the Kimbia house. Not to mention photos
of Tergat, Tanui, Kiplagat, and many more.
Boston Commentary::*Bob Ryan of Boston Globe: Kenyans Have Established a Tyranny "Dominance? Did I hear someone say "dominance"?
That would be an
improvement. What the Kenyans have done to the Boston Marathon, and a
few other marathons, is establish a tyranny that certainly should be an
embarrassment to the rest of the running world...Well, guess what? You think the outcome would have been much different if it had been 80 degrees and sunny?"*LetsRun.com Rojo Speaks: Inspired By a Kenyan Robert Cheruyiot Cheruyiot is a true star in the sport and a truly unbelievable rags to riches story.*LetsRun.com Wejo Speaks: Spira Shoes Attempting to Make a Mockery of the Boston Marathon 2 guys wearing what we thought at the time were "illegal" (now
USATF is saying they are not) shoes led the Boston marathon for the first half of the race in what if emailers are correct was just a publicity stunt.*Update: USATF is Saying the Spira Shoes are Not Banned Just maybe they could have told us this 1, 2 years ago? If they're not banned and Spira knew this, Spira (and USATF) should be ashamed. If they are, Spira should be ashamed.*Weather
Better Than Expected in Boston Boston Globe
Mt Sac Shalane Flanagan Sets American 5000m Record
(14:44.80) Shalane's fabulous 2007 season kicked off outdoors
like it did indoors, with an American record. This time she took down
drug cheat Regina Jacobs 5k record, (14:45.38) as Flanagan ran
14:44.80 thanks to a strong final k. And in the men's 5k, Juan Barrios
won, but
4 American hit the World Championship "A" standard, led by
Anthony Famiglietti who was 2nd in 13:11. (Ryan
Kirkpatrick, Ed Moran, and Josh McDougal
are the others) Fam's huge pr was less than a month after his American
8k win in NYC. Juan Barrios of Mexico won the men's 5k in a world
leading 13:11.
Recap of Mt. Sac Including Juan Barrios World Leading 13:11 5k
*VIDEO: Flocast
Has Recaps of All the Top Races (and
even the "B" races)and Interviews with Shalane and Fam.
*Scott Davis,
Mt. Sac Meet Director is Calling it Quits as Meet Director God gave him another chance at
life and being a meet director no longer is in his plans.
O'Sullivan Running Great Bupa Ireland Run This Weekend As Her Final
Road Race BBC
Riddick Fraud Case Gets Underway, His lawyer Accuses Tim Montgomery of
Brokering Kilo Drug Transactions If
true, Montgomery's case is getting sadder by the minute.
Devine Racing
Still Trying to Tarnish Whatever Little Reputation it Still Has Left The
way we read this article the checks have been in the mail for over a
month as Devine still has not paid last year's prize money for the Salt
Lake City Marathon (this year's race is next week). USATF also
is a joke for continuing to sanction such an event. We need to start a
section on here where you all can rate the
road races you run.
Drugs, Drugs,
II is Here
In case you didn't know the drug testing in the major sports isn't too
effective. Pharmacists and doctors all over America were arrested in a
new huge steroid scandal. NFL, MLB players, and boxer Evander Holyfield
are implicated along
with the Pittsburgh Steelers' team doctor who ordered up $150,000 of
HGH on his private credit card.
*Longer Recap from Albany
Times Union
Reap Tons of Money
from Prescribing Drugs
*Unrelated but in the news: Barry
Bonds' Camp Has Never Disputed Steroids Evidence in Game of Shadows Book
buys Running Times Seriously we think Runnersworld
magazine has improved recently. Usually 1 article worth reading plus Ed
board thread
Gets Unsolicited Buyout offer
Thanks to LetsRun.com:
"I don't want to say it. It sounds crazy but it was a dream come true"
-John Stiner, on getting married to his
wife, Sarah, who he met on the LetsRun.com message
boards. Read about their incredible story.


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(Pocket-lint) - The Alienware X51 has arrived. Designed to be a small form factor PC that can actually handle a decent bit of gaming, it is Alienware's first attempt at a cheap(ish) desktop.
Aimed squarely at the casual PC gaming market, the X51 is a halfway house between a home console and a top-end PC. Around the same size as a normal games console, it is intended to be inconspicuous enough to sit in your living room but still run triple-A titles such as Battlefield 3 at high settings.
Close up the Alienware looks damn nice. Keeping all the internal goodies wrapped up warm is a matte plastic body, with a glossy black wraparound at the front. There is also a set of USB ports, headphone and microphone jacks and a rather nifty power button on the top of the front of the rig.
Sat at the back is plenty more connectivity as well as a beefy grille to aid ventilation of the computer. On the side is the usual club tropicana style lighting you find on all Alienware hardware. It is much more understated here than say the laptop keyboards. We imagine this is to do with the fact many will be using this as a media centre PC in their living rooms.
Alienware has done a masterful job cramming so much power into such a small rig. Inside is your choice of Sandy Bridge processors and either an Nvidia GT 545 or GTX 555, both with 1GB of video memory. There is also the option of a DVD or Blu-ray player and, of course, upgradeable RAM.
The real trick however is how easy it is to upgrade the internals. Unlike a normal game console, you can easily yank the graphics card out and stick a more powerful one inside, once an update is due. Things are definitely packed in tight in the X51, so don't expect to manage to fit a huge GTX 590 or any other top end card, but for now, a GTX 555 is going to do a good job with high-end DX 11 gaming.
We have no idea how Alienware has managed to keep the inside of the X51 properly ventilated. Take a peek at the internals and it is slotted together perfectly like a piece of Lego. Think Mac Pro but packed in tighter.
The X51 is going to start at around £699 for the entry level model. It might be a fair hop up from a normal games console, but don't forget you are getting a small form factor rig that will likely run Windows at lightning speed.
What do you think to the Alienware? Let us know in the comments below ...


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Amazon Opens Wearable Tech Outpost
Apr 30, 2014 7:17 AM PT
Amazon on Tuesday opened the doors to its Wearable Technology store, a website that sells products in the emerging market.
All of the brands one would expect to find in this category are featured -- from Samsung, Jawbone and GoPro to newcomers like Narrative and Bionym.
The site is divided into product categories. Smartwatches, for example, are one category. Others include fitness and wellness, healthcare, wearable cameras, and family, kids and pets.
Acknowledging the relative newness of this category, Amazon has included a Learning Center on the storefront that sports product videos and buying guides. More edgy content can be found in the Editor's Corner. On Wednesday, for example, Gizmodo contributed a piece on machines that run on body heat.
One-Stop Shop for Confusing Gadgets
It is the proverbial one-stop shop, but in this case the concept is truly necessary. Wearable gadgets are only understood by a small portion of the population and most of them are aware of only the most popular products.
"Right now, there is major confusion regarding the functionality of each device, and which one you should buy," Colin House, CEO and founder of Sleep Genius, told the E-Commerce Times.
"I think an online store dedicated to wearable tech might reveal what is truly lacking about the space," he added.
One problem is that consumers likely will understand how the gadget works and its actual tracking of certain data, but they might not be able to put it in larger context, House said.
"While many of these devices integrate with some of the top applications that help consumers digest this information," he observed, "it's taking a while for users to latch on and draw the connection between their quantified data and making actual improvements to their health."
Greater Acceptance
Before this category really takes off, it needs to overcome some initial negative PR: Google Glass has been an ambassador for wearable tech, and several high-profile incidents suggest it hasn't done so well in paving the road for the rest of the industry.
Because of privacy concerns -- not to mention high price points -- people will not eagerly embrace wearable tech until they are convinced that their lives are enhanced by the technology, said Philip Rooke, CEO of Spreadshirt.
"The lesson here is that electronic content providers have to get very good at providing good content," he told the E-Commerce Times. In that respect, the Amazon store could prove to be very useful to the industry.
The Final Push
However, few believe that it is the only answer. More importantly, the technology itself has to improve, said Artyom Astafurov, chief innovation officer at DataArt.
"I think Amazon opening a store for wearable technology is not as significant as wearable technology becoming better and more useful," he told the E-Commerce Times.
For instance, when Astafurov bought the previous generation of FitBit One, he found it impractical after a few weeks. Then he purchased a Basis B1 watch. When he gets questions about it, he shares how he can track his sleep and how its quality has improved.
"I am by no means endorsing the brand. What I am telling is that rather than having a separate category in the store, there should be a way for people to understand the actual value of the technology," he said. "And there is a lot of room for improvement: sensors, size, connectivity, ease of use and making people overall aware of it." [*Correction - April 30, 2014]
As the product iterations continue, these issues presumably will be solved, word will get out, and a groundswell of demand will materialize. Then Amazon's store will take off, David Cadden, a professor of entrepreneurship and strategy at Quinnipiac University, told the E-Commerce Times. "Amazon is doing everything to lay the foundation for a dominant position in this potentially huge market."
*ECT News Network editor's note - April 30, 2014: Our original published version of this story misquoted Artyom Astafurov as saying, "I am endorsing the brand." He actually said "I am by no means endorsing the brand." We regret the error.


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* Dimension (cm) : L8 x W6 x H13.5 (Approximately)
* As this is a 3D caricature dolly, we promise our customers a 60 - 70% resemblance to the photo supplied but not the real person as artists refers to the photo to hand-make the dolly.
* For change of dolly attire colors. An additional $25 will be charged per dolly.
* Background can be added as per request.
* For an additional of $15 (< 15 alphabets). You can have the option of adding custom decal wordings to the background. If more than 15 alphabets, additional cost will be at S$20 instead. Wordings will be added in sticker format.
* To see more of our Unusually standard designs, feel free to visit our Unusually Flickr Album at :
* For express & bulk order's. Pls contact us directly to discuss.
* Standard order process will take around 21 working days upon completion of placing of order with all necessary info's and payment made to us.


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Grantee: Friends of Peralta Hacienda Historical Park
Grant: 2011 Museums for America, Engaging Communities
Pictured: Interns recieve docent training in the Peralta kitchens.
Contact: Holly Alonso
See also: StoryCorps blog post: Everyone Makes History in the Fruitvale
"The Peralta Hacienda site is about more than just a historic family that lived in the house from 1820; it's about the community today and what we can learn about history from one another."
– Executive Director Holly Alonso
Peralta Hacienda Historical Park is a six-acre community park and museum in the Fruitvale district of Oakland and one of the most significant historical sites in Northern California. The site, replete with outdoorexhibits, special gardens, and built structures—both new and historical—holds the history of the Peralta family, one intertwined with that of the native peoples of the East Bay. The family lived in three dwellings from 1820 through the Spanish, Mexican, and U.S. eras, reflecting the transformations of California. The Peralta House is now a city and state landmark listed on the National Register of Historic Places. A multisensory museum inside tells the story of this family whose experience profiles the history of their times. While the makeup of the area has certainly changed since the construction of the Peralta House in 1870, an IMLS Museums for America grant-funded program helps the local community to recognize the significance of its history.
History as a Transformative Agent
Beyond the goals of driving foot traffic to the historic site and helping to keep alive the history of the once vast Rancho San Antonio, Friends of Peralta Hacienda Historical Park wanted to involve community members directly in the site, inspiring them to discover the historical significance of their families' journeys. Peralta Hacienda recognizedthat it could provide an opportunity for skills training, employment, and empowerment for residents in the low-income, gang, and street violence-prone neighborhoods of East Oakland. So the group used the IMLS grant to train members of the diverse local community as docents to lead historical tours at the Peralta House using their own stories, and to help the museum engage with the larger public. For cultural groups within Fruitvale that often do not interact at all, this program provided a unique opportunity to connect through shared histories and common ground.
To make a docent program feasible in a low-income community, Peralta House offers a stipend to training participants. StoryCorps records each docent trainee's story, and then the recordings are catalogued in the Library of Congress. Community participants find links between their own stories and the history of the Peralta rancho, integrate their own stories into their tour presentations, and are encouraged to engage every visitor in dialogue.
Connecting Storytelling, History, and Identity Building
In order to increase awareness and participation, the ability to offer tours in languages other than English was also a priority. To fill linguistic gaps, the museum also developed Spanish and Mien language tours and docent training for the substantial Latino and Laotian Mien communities, and the entire museum is now creating Spanish labels using the IMLS grant. Community members also participated in recording the audio tour in Spanish.
"To make California history comprehensible in visitors' own languages, to let them feel a part of things and take ownership, is so important," said Holly Alonso, Peralta Hacienda Historic Park Executive Director. "A Laotian refugee in the docent training program said to me, 'I never knew Fruitvale had a history. Now I know how important it is.' Knowing his community's history strengthened his own sense of identity. People need roots and context to feel connected to the community."
Peralta Hacienda also encouraged community members to start classes and other enterprises at the site, and ultimately grew successful programs from suggestions. Both evening and afterschool programs teaching history and dance of the Mexica, an indigenous people of the Valley of Mexico, were spearheaded by a community member training to be a docent. These free weekly dance and heritage classes have become a magnet for members from across the community, with over 40 people attending every Monday to make music, dance, and learn about indigenous cultures of Mexico. The site now hosts performance events celebrating Maya culture, initiated by community docents, which run from dawn until dusk. The Cambodian community has also adopted PeraltaHacienda as a place for community events, holding Oakland's celebration of Cambodian New Year there in early April.
Promoting Community
By involving new community groups as exhibit developers, tour leaders, oral history subjects, entrepreneurs, and audiences, the historic site strengthened its community relevance and expanded the institution's capacity to serve the public.
During the first year of the docent program, 60 members of the community signed up with the Peralta House; another 60 will participate in the training this year. This expanded corps will help Peralta Hacienda market the many resources available to the public by canvassing churches, schools, and the community to encourage residents to take advantage of youth programs, outdoor space, and rich local history. Since the start of the program, annual attendance at the historic site has tripled and continues to grow.
In addition to attracting more visitors, the historic site created new bonds and trust through this program by imparting valuable training and creating a new dialogue using the community's own voices. Two community tour leaders have become permanent staff members. Beverly Hodge was hired as Curator of Community Engagement when she finished the training and has gone on to become Associate Director. She brings an actionable approach that is heartfelt, fearless, and totally committed to community problems such as drug-dealing, gangs, juvenile prostitution, and truancy with an appreciation of how these stories can enter the museum, enrich it, and benefit the community.
Many previous docents are also still linked to Peralta Hacienda through community connections. Without exception, all participants learned more about history and became more connected to the community of Fruitvale past and present.


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Peer-Reviewed Publications
Found 5 resultsTitle
Filters: Author is Miller, Suzanne M [Clear All Filters]
Application of best practice approaches for designing decision support tools: The preparatory education about clinical trials (PRE-ACT) study." Patient Educ Couns. 2014;96(1):63-71."
Build it, and will they come? Unexpected findings from a study on a Web-based intervention to improve colorectal cancer screening." J Health Commun. 2012;17(1):41-53."
The development and preliminary testing of a multimedia patient-provider survivorship communication module for breast cancer survivors." Patient Educ Couns. 2012;88(2):344-9."
Using health communication best practices to develop a web-based provider-patient communication aid: the CONNECT study." Patient Educ Couns. 2008;71(3):378-87."


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Showing all 5 results
Best known for sponge-printed design, our pottery is on the Ards Peninsula , in the Northern Irish countryside . We use traditional methods to hand craft and decorate, making every piece unique.
When you visit our gallery, you will find our Pottery Cafe, where you can create your own masterpiece with specially cut sponge shapes in the Paint-Your-Own Studio. You can complete your visit with home-made cakes and coffee.
For those who cannot make it in person, our pottery is available in the on-line shop, so why not add some hand- made loveliness to your life.


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LoneStar Logos is a Texas-based company with extensive experience in outdoor media, marketing, sales, real estate, site selection and road sign deployment. Offering services in both English and Spanish, our company is composed of professionals who have long and successful working relationships with the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). Our mission is to grow Texas businesses, both large and small, through the use of our LOGOS, TODS and MSAGS programs, which will:
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LoneStar Logos has been instrumental in meeting our advertising needs in challenging times. They maintain a high level of professionalism and service with meeting deadlines, and most importantly, they are always polite, prepared and helpful.Brett Randle, Partner & CEO
LoneStar Logos has been an added feature to our marketing strategy. Drivers know when to look for the Woodrose Winery entrance by our friendly blue signs letting them know that our location is approaching. It is tough to grab peoples at 70 MPH. That is why we do everything possible to assist our customers deciding whether or not to stop and visit us.Chris Brundrett,
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