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BPNL Previous Papers
Aspirants who are searching for BPNL Previous Papers from here you can download BPNL Previous Papers in PDF format. Candidates can download and start preparation for BPNL Sales Representative/ Authorized Dealer written test. For more details about Sales Representative and Authorized Dealer exam visit the official website of Bharatiya Pashupalan Nigam Ltd. Willing candidates can apply for this vacancies. BPNL is going to conduct a written test for Sales Representative and Authorized Dealer posts.
Check the below links and download Sales Representative and Authorized Dealer previous papers. Go through the below section and download previous papers in PDF format. For better preparation, we are providing exam pattern and previous papers on this page. Candidates who are qualified in written exam those candidates are selected for next rounds. Here we are providing BPNL previous model papers.
Details About BPNL Previous Papers
|Organization Name
|Bharatiya Pashupalan Nigam Limited
|Total Vacancies
|Name of the Posts
|Sales Representative, Authorized Dealer
|Last Date
|Previous Papers
|Job Location
|Official Website
Aspirants can practice more model papers which will help them to crack the exam in the short time. By looking the previous papers candidates can get some idea about the difficulty of the exam. Candidates can check BPNL Previous Papers on our website we are providing them in PDF format. So, candidates can easily download at free of cost and save them according to their convenience for further preparation. The last date for the submitting application form is 24th May 2017. Candidates can utilize this opportunity and get a job in Bharatiya Pashupalan Nigam Limited.
Bharatiya Pashupalan Nigam Limited Exam Pattern
To obtain the structure of the exam here we are providing exam pattern. Applicants who are selected in written test those candidates are eligible for next rounds. The Written Test consists of Multiple Choice Questions of Different Sections. In the BPNL recruitment, there will be an objective type test.And the test is from General topics & Professional Knowledge.
Also, there will be an interview after the written test result. By preparing Previous papers it will help you to get knowledge on the specific topic. Previous Papers will help in order to prepare for the written examination in the better way.
|Sr. Number
|General English
|Professional Knowledge
|General Awareness
Download BPNL Previous Papers
Applied candidates can download and start the preparation. Previous Papers play an important role in cracking the Bharatiya Pashupalan Nigam Limited Sales Representative and Authorized Dealer Written Exam. So aspirants who are applying for this vacancies might be in search for BPNL previous papers. The selection process will be based on their performance in the Exam. This is the golden opportunity for job seekers utilize this opportunity and get a job in Bharatiya Pashupalan Nigam Limited.
BPNL Sales Representative Model Papers For Reasoning
BPNL Authorized Dealer Old Question Papers For Quantitative Aptitude
BPNL Sales Representative Exam Papers For General Knowledge
BPNL Sales Representative Model Papers For General English
Bharatiya Pashupalan Nigam Limited Sample Papers For General Awareness


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Sephora JCPenney at Hemet Valley Mall
2200 W Florida Ave
Hemet, CA 92545
Hemet, CA 92545
Hours - Open today until 7PM
Mon - Wed: 11AM-7PM
Thu: Closed
Fri: 5:00AM-10:00PM
Sat: 11AM-7PM
Sun: 11AM-6PM
For the health and safety of our clients and associates, store hours may vary this Holiday. All stores are closed on Thanksgiving Day. Call your local store for operating hours.
Happening at Sephora
Free services, brand launches, classes & more—see what's going on at your store today.See what's happening at this store

subset: commoncrawl


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Since I've started on match.com it's been an adventure. Match has changed a bit and is now including many more different features for you as a member.
I figured I would start normally with the simple profile and see how this had attracted some interest. Here was my experiment:
For one week, I didn't change my profile. I kept the pictures which I thought were attractive on for 7 days.
I was thrown into this experiment when I was showing my friends my profile. My friends were over for a pool day and they immediately went into meltdown mode about my profile.
Their specific rules were:
- You should never have a group of people in your profile pictures. (This makes sense, but I only had one…)
- You should have individual photos of yourself and try not to include repetitive friends. (I guess I didn't think about this but it did look like I was dating my friends instead of me being me.)
- Make sure to include pictures of "me being me."
Here were the pictures I selected:
Here's what my friends selected for me:
I was pretty surprised by my friend's choices. I would have never selected these photos for myself. Especially the one where I'm a blonde and the other where I'm sitting with Phin looking like I'm smiling from my right ear to my left (ugh).
Here's what I learned:
Statistically, I received 65% more engagement on my profile than I did without their help…in less than 2 days.
I received more messages, likes and winks because my friends chose my profile pictures rather than me.
This means that:
- You should trust your friend's judgements when it comes to photos.
- Group photos, any of them, are worthless and will result in a quick swipe….(not the good kind of swipe)
- You will always have a type of perception about yourself which is different than how your friends portray yourself- trust them (and refer back to number one)
- If you are like me, pictures which may look a bit odd actually show your true personality. I can't say that I'm happy about the pictures on my profile, but I do feel better because my friends know me very well and know these profiles are me.
- 21 pictures are not necessary, 8-10 pictures are. My friends gave me a good variety of "pretty" pictures to fun pictures about myself. It made me feel like I'm being more real about who I am.
For those literal people:
- Don't add any group photos, period.
- Crop people out. They won't be offended…and if they are it is probably time to think about whey they may be offended?
- Choose a fun photo, one of you doing something- it shows you are well rounded.
- Don't worry too much about hair color, I did, and it's not worth the stress
- The line starts to get blurry here and the weird pictures come out. Therefore, use best judgement.
- When in doubt, check with friends.
Has anyone else tried this? What have your friends selected as pictures? The next step for me is selecting new pictures by my guy friends. Stay tuned!


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Classic Jetliners 1960s: Boeing 707 / Douglas DC-8 / Convair 880
In the early 1960s, the world's airlines were transitioning from piston and turboprop aircraft to jet-powered aircraft. The dawn of the golden age of jet travel had arrived and global travel was becoming a mass, worldwide phenomena. Everyone wanted to travel by jet, and the world's airlines promoted their jet services by every means possible, including promotional cine films. This DVD takes the viewer back to that magic age with three period films featuring the three golden jets of the era, the Boeing 707, the Douglas DC-8, and the Convair 880.
Chapter 1) This early 1960s film follows a Trans-Canada Air Lines DC-8-42 and her flighdeck crew operating TCA flight 884 from snowy Montreal down to Montego Bay, Jamaica. This film features exterior footage of the DC-8. As well as live flightdeck footage including engine starts, taxi, take-off, inflight, and landing.
(Colour restored as best as possible – 16 minutes)
Chapter 2) In the early 1960s, the Douglas DC-8 and the Convair 880 were Japan Air Lines' front line long-range aircraft. This early 1960s film opens with busy jet scenes at Haneda Airport. When night falls, the JAL DC-8-50 towed into the hangar for her routine inspection. With the first light of morning, the JAL maintenance crew perform an engine run on the DC-8. After Haneda jet action, film takes us to heavy maintenance overhaul on JAL Convair 880, followed by test flight.
(Black and white – 24 minutes)
Chapter 3) We follow an FAA Air Carrier Inspector as he checks out the enroute operations of a Braniff El Dorado Boeing 707-227 and her crew on a routine Dulles-Dallas-Mexico City flight, circa 1960. This superb film is loaded with live cockpit, cabin and exterior footage. This film is perhaps the best live filming of a classic Boeing 707-227 in existence. The cockpit pre-start checklist, engine start, and ATC is all 100% authentic and filmed live on an actual Braniff 707 operating an actual flight. Add in air-to-air footage, a mini feature on the FAA Boeing 707, great passenger cabin and flight attendant footage. It all makes for a fabulous, not to be missed feature will amaze 707 fans interested in Braniff's history.
(Colour – 28 minutes)
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- Search CSN:
- Members: Login to search all areas
- Not a member? Click here to search public areas
May 24, 2005 - 4:59 am
Allright folks i have a few questions and was wondering if anyone can help me. I'm a little embarrased talking about this so please be gentle with me here. I am a 3 years testicular cancer survivor but recently ive been having some new problems. For about the last 8 months or so ive been been bleeding rectaly and i cant figure out why. And the strangest part was that its not that its just bleeding, its that at night in my sleep its as though i scrath it raw. The blood amount varies night to night and its not even an everynight occurence. Imm 22 and have allready had a colonoscopy so its not that i havent talked to docs about this. They keep telling me its hemroids but im worried it may be something more. Please email me here on the sight or at my personal email at email@example.com if you or anyone has any information for me. thanks. Richard (unibal) Cowie
Jun 02, 2005 - 10:42 pm
My husband has same thing he has ahd all the tests and they told him it was a figus nothing could be done about it. My suggestion is go to as amny different doctors as you need to. My husband is stubborn and will not go back to any doctor. So keep asking become a pain in the butt. no pun intended. well maybe lol .... firstname.lastname@example.com
Oct 18, 2005 - 7:41 am
Hello there:
I hope that this posting finds you in good health and spirits.
I can relate to what is happening to you. I have seemed to notice that for some reason, I generally get the "Itch attacks" when I have to urinate. I thought that I was the only one that noticed this but after hearing both men and women say the same thing while waiting for the doctor or treatments, I found out that it isn't so uncommon.
If you don't have a Pain Management Doctor that you usually see, I recommend that you see one. Pain management includes the itching sensation that comes on and we have to suffer through.
You have to talk to your doctor about the itching sensation and they will recommend something. But word of advice, test any cream or lotion out. The last thing you need is to get an allergic reaction such as burning. If you see that you're not allergic to the lotion/cream then use it before you go to sleep.
Also, try to keep the area clean by doing Sitz Baths. If you have a shower head that you can hold in your hand use you can use that when you shower.
Hopefully this will help. Take care.


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It's Complicated
The is a group story that Pupp15 and I are writing.
You could say that Lexie Anne Carter and her family have the 'perfect' life. They live on a beach front property in Palm Coast, Florida and are filthy rich. But all Lexie and her two younger siblings want is what they don't have but most do. They just want their parents to notice and love them. But will it be too late when the parents finally focus on their children?
Chapter 1
Always the same way
I sighed in frustration, throwing my calculator across the room where it shattered. I closed my eyes and screamed into my pillow.
"Lexie? Are you okay?" My nanny, Ashley Mae Preston, asked me. Of course, I dont think of her as my nanny. She's more like my mother. At least, she acts the way my mother should.
"No, Ashley, I'm so frustrated with my math." I said, and ran my hand through my long dark brown hair.
"Why don't you try asking your dad? He's good with numbers." Ashley suggested, her gray-blue eyes shimmering with hope. Her light brown hair is pulled back in a loose pony tail and her pink sun dress swirled around her.
I sighed again. "I guess i can try."
I pulled myself off my bed, fixed my shorts and tank before heading down the complicated trail of hallways to my father's office. I knocked and waited for him to answer.
"Come in." My mom's voice rang out from behind the large closed door.
I pushed it open slightly and slipped in. This room never fails to awe me. The right and left walls are covered with book cases and there are two large victorian desks where my parents are currently sitting at.
As usual, my father as his reading glasses on, and his ice blue eyes are content on his paperwork. His black hair is jelled back and he's wearing one of his many suits. His strong build looms over the desk unlike my mother.
My mother is sitting at the desk beside him, typing away on her computer. She's wearing her black pencil skirt and a light pink blouse with bright red lipstick and her light blond hair is tied back in a tight bun. Her green eyes never waver from the screen, even when she's talking to me.
I cleared my throat and said, "Dad, I'm having trouble with my math homework...Could you please help me?"
He didnt look up either. "Ask your nanny. Can't you see your mother and I are busy?" He asked, his voice annoyed. With me.
"You never have time for me." I muttered under my breathe.
"We are very busy. You like living expensively and we have to work to get the money. Be polite toward your father and I or the punishment may be severe." My mother's stern voice said. She never even looked at me.
I walked out of there, trying to hold back the tears when I see my little brother standing beside me.
"Go away Adrian. I'm not in the mood to hear my 12 year old brother lecture me." I said and walked away from him too.
"I only wanted to help." I heard him whisper. Tears slid down my cheeks but I didnt turn around. He hates it when I cry.
I walked back into my room and buried my face into my pillow. I sobbed until I felt a gentle hand touch my back.
I looked up and my green eyes met Ashley's gray-blue ones.
"It always goes this way." I sobbed again. "All i ever want is for them to understand me. To love me." Ashley simply held me and said nothing as I ranted and cried myself to sleep once again.


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Statue of Saint Francis, 150 cm of fiberglass, handmade in Italy.
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Fiberglass statue, internally empty and very light. It is suitable to be carried during the processions. The manufacturing is entirely manual. When the two parts are linked, there is the finishing of the statue and it is perfectly smoothed, then the statue goes through the coloring section. The skilled decorators hand paint using particolar varnishes, conforming to the traditional iconography. The fiberglass is a plastic material, very resistant and humidity absorber which is used in many sectors: industry, furnitures, building of boats, airplanes, vehicles, garden swimmingpool etc.
St. Francis of Assisi was a foundator. He lived between 1181 and 1226. He is commemorated on the 4th of October. Saint Francis is certainly one of the most venerated saints and he is named "The poor of Assisi". He was born in Assisi in a rich family, his father was a merchant. He lived his life in comfort, until in 1209, he decided to found the Order of Friars Minor, characterized from a joyful faith for the Christ's adoration and from the observation of the vow to the poverty. The works tell us that in 1205, while he was praying in the Church of St. Damian, the Christ talked to him, asking him to repair the "his home" (the Church). The importance of that religious order, brought to the foundation of many convents. In 1219 there were 5000 friars. In the same year, Francis went to Palestine to try to evangelize the muslims, but he failed and he returned in Italy, where is order was in a complicated situation. Francis sent his disciples to the other countries, asking them to found some convents, near the Universities. His doctrine was approved by Pope Innocent III. On the 14 of September 1224, when he received the stigmas on the Monte della Verna, his life and his message had the approval of Christ. He wrote the "Praise of the Creatures" and for this work he was recognised as one of the initiators of the "italian literary translation". The Tau (the last letter of the ebraic alphabet) is a symbol used from the Old Testament, which represents the safety and the love of God for the human beings. It is mentioned in the Book of the Prophet Ezekiel, when God sends an angel to imprint this symbol on the head of the servants of God. This emblem was adopted by the christians and Francis adopted it until he became the "living Tau". The Tau is often acknowledged as the "Cross of Saint Francis". The Saint conversed with the animals or "creatures", as he called them. One of the most important events was the meeting with the wolf: one day, while he was walking in a village, he saw people who was scared. He asked the reason and they told him that a big wolf was killing animals and mens. Francis asked where this beast was and he began to look for it. When he found it he talked amorously to the wolf. He extended a hand and the animal submitted to him. Ever since the wolf never terrorised the people anymore. On the 18th of June 1933 he was proclaimed with Saint Catherine, the principal protector of Italy. He died in 1226 and he was canonized two years later. He is ilustrated with simple monastic clothes, while he is venerating the cross, with some birds or a wolf.
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text:
Earlier today, the T-Mobile MVNO announced its partnership with Ads-Up, a not-for-profit charity that aims to help refugees as they resettle in America.
With this partnership, Ultra Mobile will be providing 1000 months of service to affected refugees. In doing so, these individuals have access to information, resources and communities that could help provide them the independence they need to start fresh in the country.
Access to mobile service is something that many individuals tend to take for granted these days. But for refugees, this is very critical for them. It was discovered that whenever refugees first arrive in a new country, they use the very limited cash they have with them to purchase a SIM card. They use this to make their families back home know they are safe. In addition to that important phone call, they use mobile service to get in touch with potential employers, communicate with friends and family, find information, and even see maps of their new neighborhood. It also gives them access to support provided by groups like Ads-Up.
With their phone acting as their only source of internet service, having access to unlimited data is important. This is where the MVNO steps in.
Through the partnership, refugees gain access to mobile service with unlimited nationwide talk and text, unlimited 4G LTE data, unlimited calling to over 80 destinations, and Call Anywhere credit to over 200 destinations. With Ultra Mobile's access to providing service in countries like Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Pakistan, refugees from those nations are able to keep in touch with their loved ones who are keen on hearing from them.
Apart from providing mobile service, Ultra Mobile's partnership with Ads-Up includes sponsoring the upcoming inaugural Ads-Up Gala Auction. The event, which takes place in New York City on April 25th, aims to honor, raise funds, and gain additional support for refugees under Ads-Up's care. As of this writing, Ads-Up is providing assistance to 1,250 refugees being resettled under the US-America refugee deal. The non-profit charity group has over 300 volunteers doing their part to provide assistance to political refugees.
By partnering with Ultra Mobile, Ads-Up is able to support refugees minimize the intimidation and financial dilemma they face when they first arrive in a new country. The partnership serves as an investment into the future of the supported refugees.
Source: Ultra Mobile


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I feel fortunate to work at a small branch library where I have the opportunity to introduce young children to the joys of reading! I have a Bachelor's in Elementary Education and a Master's in Literacy Education. I am lucky enough to be in a position where I can put my education and passion for reading to good use! Reading is power!
Enjoy exploring my site! I hope you find many useful and fun ideas. If you would like to stay updated on new posts, please subscribe to the blog by clicking my "Follow" button and include your email. Please let me know if you like the site and how it has helped you!
All opinions are my own and not my employer's.


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Newport, R.I. USA (July 15, 2011) – Today's riddle, "where can you find the Prodigy, the Snow Lion, and the Dragon?," can be correctly answered "at The Lizard," as these yachts, plus 13 more, today crossed the finish line for the Transatlantic Race 2011 at Lizard Point on the south coast of England.
Of the 16 yachts that completed the 2,975 mile race in the early hours of the day, 10 departed Newport, R.I., during the second of the three staggered starts aimed at having the boats arrive in England in close proximity to one another. That goal was realized starting at 2:58 UTC when Ambersail concluded their race across the North Atlantic and started a procession that would keep the race committee busy for the next four hours. Beau Geste followed 19 minutes later, then Vanquish at 3:25, Sojana at 3:38, Varuna at 3:58, Shakti at 4:01 and Scho-ka-kola at 4:04. There was a 20 minute respite for the race committee before the parade resumed, with Concise and Prodigy arriving within five minutes of each other, and another half hour break before Norddeutsche Vermoegen Hamburg, Dragon, and Ourson Rapide finished in rapid succession. By 6:44 Snow Lion, Nordwind, British Soldier and Carina had received their welcome from the race committee as well.
As predicted, it was a nerve-jangling finale for several yachts, none more so than British Soldier and Carina: after 17 days of racing the two yachts (competing in IRC Class Four) arrived just a minute apart at The Lizard.
"What a fantastic way to finish this marvelous race," said 47-year-old Lieutenant Colonel Nicholas Bate (Falmouth, Cornwall, U.K.), skipper of British Soldier, shortly after the dramatic finish. "We were neck-and-neck with Carina for the last 36 hours. Night sailing was especially exciting as we were on a very shy reach; kite up, virtually on the edge the whole time. Everybody was up on deck, getting everything we could out of British Soldier. We made it through the line just before Carina, but hats off to them; they beat us by a country mile on corrected time and three cheers were exchanged by both boats. After the race, we moored up in my hometown of Falmouth and my parents treated us to some homemade pasties – none of that shop stuff – and some beer. A big thank you to all of the organizers, this has been a great race, really memorable."
Carina's skipper, Rives Potts, Jr. (Essex, Conn.), may well be a tired man, but it is doubtful he will get much sleep tonight. Carina had a fantastic race, but the re-start two days ago when the wind died across the racing area may have cost them dearly. Dawn Star, skippered by William Hubbard (New York, N.Y.), caught them up and is currently less than 40 nautical miles from the finish line sailing in what appears to be solid south-southwest breeze. Should the current prediction hold, Dawn Star will – on corrected time – eclipse Carina as winner of IRC Class Four. All eyes will surely be glued to the Yellowbrick tracker for the next six hours as this nail-biter comes to a conclusion.
Concise 2, skippered by Ned Collier-Wakefield (Oxford, U.K.) won the battle of the Class 40s, but only just. It was touch and go all the way to the end, and Concise 2 crossed the finish line 29 minutes ahead of Dragon skippered by Mike Hennessy (Mystic, Conn).
"Dragon made us fight all the way," said Collier-Wakefield. "Right near the [finish] line the wind really started to fade and we were always looking over our shoulder. We managed to keep Concise 2 going but we were crawling along. As a young crew we are always learning, but we have been sailing together as a team for years now and I guess that has been a really big factor in our performance. We work very well together and we are all good mates. The Transatlantic Race 2011 has been really rewarding and a lot of fun."
In IRC Class One, which took the final start of the Transatlantic Race 2011 on July 3, Sojana, skippered by Peter Harrison (Reigate, U.K.) took fourth overall with its finish today, while the Oakcliff All-American Offshore Team, racing aboard Vanquish, claimed fifth and Beau Geste, skippered by Karl Kwok (Hong Kong), placed sixth.
In IRC Class Two it was a close finish for Christoph Avenarius and Gorm Gondesen's Shakti and Jens Kellinghusen's Varuna. The two Simon Rogers 46-footers crossed the line three minutes apart to take second and third in the class standings. Prodigy, the Simonis/Voog 54 owned by Chris Frost (Durban, South Africa), took fourth place overall.
In IRC Class Three, today's finish by the German youth team aboard Norddeutcshe Vermoegen Hamburg earned them a very respectable second in class. They are followed in the overall class standings by Snow Lion, the Ker 50 owned by former NYYC Commodore Lawrence Huntington (New York, N.Y.); Scho-ka-kola, the Reichel Pugh 56 named for the German chocolate confection and owned by Uwe Lebens (Hamburg); the Lithuanian-crewed Ambersail; and Ourson Rapide, owned by Paolo Roasenda (Vedano al Lambro, Italy).
And while Dawn Star is expected to finish before the date changes on the calendar, there are two yachts still fighting their way across the North Atlantic: Jacqueline IV and Sasha. The two 42-foot yachts, now at sea for close to three weeks, were among the first group of six boats to begin the Transatlantic Race 2011 on June 26. At their current speed, roughly seven knots, both will spend at least one more day at sea before they too can break out the champagne.


text:
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Recreational size fits kayaks with larger cockpits, Touring size fits standard touring kayak cockpit sizes.
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text:
Long ago, there was a king who had six sons. The king possessed a huge amount of gold, which he hid carefully in a building consisting of a number of rooms. In each room there were a number of chests; this number of chests was equal to the number of rooms in the building. Each chest contained a number of golden coins that equaled the number of chests per room. When the king died, one chest was given to the royal barber. The remainder of the coins had to be divided fairly between his six sons.
Now: Is a fair division possible in all situations?


text:
St Helens Foodbank began in 2012, linking in with The Trussell Trust's UK-wide foodbank network.
Today in St Helens there are families struggling to put food on the table. For people on low incomes, a sudden crisis such as, redundancy, benefit delay or even an unexpected bill can result in going hungry.
Every day people in our local community, St. Helens, are forced to choose between paying the rent and eating while parents skip meals to feed their children. These situations can often lead to increased stress and depression, however many people mention that they feel relieved and grateful after using our services.
St Helens Foodbank provides emergency food, enough for three days, through a voucher only system. These vouchers are provided by support agencies across the town who are working to support people out of the crisis. Four hubs, based in different locations throughout St. Helens, open their doors Monday to Saturday to organise donated food and pack it ready for those who are in need. Our volunteers who run the hubs will take time to listen to any specific requests and signpost people to gain any additional support in line with their original referral agency.
"St. Helens is not the richest of towns, but this town has the biggest heart." - Sarah McDonagh (Hope Centre Training Team)
The Foodbank relies on the generosity of the local community, collecting non-perishable food that is donated by a wide-ranging variety of sources, including individuals, businesses, schools and local churches.
We run a mailing list of our weekly needed items.
This week we are desperately short of Jars of Pasta Sauces, Tinned Fish and Tinned Rice Pudding and Longlife juice.
While donating food is one method of helping St. Helens Foodbank, our work relies on volunteers, if this sounds like an opportunity that you would like to take part within, visit our volunteering page.
More information can be found here - https://sthelens.foodbank.org.uk or contact 01744 26414 and ask for the Foodbank.


text: I'm not great at resolutions. I have great intentions, just lousy follow through. After all my years I have learned that the higher I set my sights, the less opportunity I have to succeed. So I keep expectations low and generally feel better about how things turn out. I may not be a better or healthier person, but I won't have failed so often in my goals.


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LOS ANGELES — At the end of the day, it's interim coach Willie Desjardins' job to get the Kings playing the right way – in every way.
The Kings were averaging a league-low 2.07 goals going into their game against New Jersey on Thursday night at Staples Center. The Kings' special teams have been poor. Their effort is up and down, and team captain Anze Kopitar spoke openly about it after Tuesday's 2-1 loss to Arizona.
Consequently, the Kings entered their game against the Devils with the worst record in the league at 10-17-1 (21 points).
Of their 26 shots on goal Tuesday, the Kings had five in the final five minutes. They were playing very hard. They were determined. Afterward, Kopitar said, in part: "We've just gotta play a lot more minutes like we did the last five to seven minutes. You can tell there was desperation there and it's just … we've gotta play like that for 60 minutes."
Desjardins responded.
"That's a little bit of a tough one because if you get really, really aggressive earlier and you give one up, then that … so you have to be smart in what you do," he said. "But at the same time, we want to come out and be ready to go.
"And we've done it in a number of games; it's not like we haven't done it in some games."
The Kings were 6-9-0 under Desjardins going into Thursday's game. Of the nine losses, the Kings scored first in only one of them. They scored first in all six of the wins.
The Kings ranked second-to-last in the league in power-play success rate at 14.1 percent after going 0 for 2 on Tuesday. Forward Nate Thompson, who plays in all situations, touched on that.
"Well, I think it's just bearing down in certain areas and shooting the puck, getting traffic to the net," he said. "I know it sounds cliche, but those are the fundamentals. Those are the basic things you do to score goals."
Desjardins is of the mind that his team is inching closer to becoming more successful with the man advantage.
"The power play's a little bit different than the kill," he said. "On the kill, it's more structured. The power play probably doesn't have as much structure to it, but I think it's just being hungry. We are a little bit too controlled.
"We've gotta get pucks to the net and we've gotta out-number them at the net. And that's the simplest thing on the power play. Our power play's been better, but it's not showing on the scoreboard and we've gotta have it showing on the board."
Then there is the penalty kill. The Kings entered Thursday's game with a kill percentage of 73.8. Only two teams were worse. The Kings gave up a power-play goal to Arizona in four chances, and the Coyotes scored a short-handed goal.
Perhaps, it was suggested to Desjardins, the Kings aren't aggressive enough on the PK.
"It's not just being aggressive, it's all being on the same page," he said. "If one guy's aggressive and everybody else isn't, then it won't work. So you just have to be on the same page in being aggressive. And I think it's us looking for times that we can be aggressive."
Assistant coach Dave Lowry is in charge of the penalty-kill.
"He's looked at it over and over," Desjardins said. "He's got a good handle on it. It's interesting because a lot of things haven't changed from last year, yet the PK's not going as well, so I think we're going to have to evaluate it a little bit and maybe make a few adjustments to it."
The Kings' penalty-kill percentage a season ago was the best in the league at 85 percent.
The Kings averaged 2.89 goals per game last season. Of course, the power play was a bigger success at 20.4 percent, so this season's drop to 14.1 percent is partly why the team has struggled to score.
Something has to give, if the Kings are to fight their way back into the race for a postseason berth. With just more than a third of the games played, the time is now, Desjardins intimated.
"We've gotta create more offense," he said. "We just have to."
Getting the defense involved helps, he said. Defenseman Alec Martinez has scored goals the past two games – in a 2-0 victory over Carolina on Sunday, and in Tuesday's loss to Arizona.


text:
- 3
- 2
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Property ID 11349
THE PERFECT FIRST HOME OR INVESTMENT WITH PARK VIEWS!!Located directly opposite Sweeney recreational reserve is this exceptional first home or investment which you will not want to miss. Offering quality along with modern tones right from the moment you step through the doors, this feature packed home comprises 3 spacious bedrooms, a full ensuite and WIR to the master, ducted heating and evaporative cooling for all year round comfort plus 3 separate living zones. For the budding chef there is a very well appointed kitchen complete with stainless steel appliances, double drawer dishwasher and an abundance of cupboard and bench space. Set on a low maintenance 447m2 corner block you are spoiled with both rear access through the double garage and side access through double gates ideal for the boat, trailer or caravan. Not only do you have a low maintenance, modern home but also a lifestyle with walking tracks, basketball courts, football ovals and more right on your door step. Located also only a short drive to Monash Freeway access and multiple schooling options makes this a must see!! WILL BE SOLD!!
Land DetailsLand area 447.00 m2
Office Details
Narre Warren
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5 Webb Street
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- phone
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text:
A scene more reminiscent of Europe!
We have had some major storms and with them some very large hail stones just smaller than golf balls! Not what you expect in the Lowveld! The windy month is normally August but that seems to now be September? There are rains in the middle of the year which is also not the norm for this part of the country.
I just wonder if we are seeing the beginning of climate change?


text:
I'm making a trip out to visit a friend on the Big Island and want to do some spearing while I'm out there. I'll be on Oahu from Jan 28-30 and Big Island Jan 31-Feb 4.
Looking for dive buddies, advice on safe shore entries & currents around the islands, where to rent/buy gear that I don't want to lug on the plane, and anything else useful! If you want to be my dive buddy out there, I'd be happy to take you out for some Central/Northern California diving if you come to the mainland.


text:
Seagull Behaviour
Seagulls will roost on the highest points of any structure whether it be a house or office block., usually the ridge, chimneys and flat roofs. If you are able to prevent seagulls from landing on these areas they will often leave the property for good. Seagulls are at their noisiest during the nesting season which is April to July.
The eggs are usually laid in April or May, with the young gulls hatching approximately 4 weeks later and finally leave the nest after another 5-6 weeks.
Seagulls are aggressive birds and are territorial and cause nuisance in coastal cities and in more recent times, inland areas as well. Large amounts of their bird droppings can result in structural damage. The Gull's physical size and aggressive nature, especially at times of nesting can also lead to attacks on humans and even home pets.
Things you need to know about pigeons
Aside from every available surface being covered in pigeon mess, there are significant health risks, both physical and mental.
Pigeons carry or are capable of transmitting an amazing variety of diseases. Pigeons multiply rapidly. A single pair can raise four or five batches of eggs to young annually, with new eggs laid before the first batch of babies has even left the nest.
Pigeons are very social and welcome new birds. The more the merrier as far as they are concerned.
Very quickly the noise and constant clean-up associated with pigeons are more than enough reasons to have them excluded from your property.
Click here to see what these little birds can do to your property.


text:
We love opening channels with our youth.
Come join us every week at 6:00 p.m. at AccessCal for our Youth Collective Program for ages 13 -19. The AccessCal Youth Collective (AYC) strives to connect young people with a deeper understanding of Arab identity, social and community engagement, and so much more.
Activities include: fieldtrips, workshops from visiting community organizations, cultural spotlight events, and thought-provoking discussions. Leveraging community leaders and educators, youth are inspired to achieve leadership, develop skills, and proudly represent the duality of being a minority in America. Refugees, second-generation immigrants, and native-born Americans are all welcome to enroll!
Please register by contacting Yasmeen Azam at (714) 917-0440 or emailing firstname.lastname@example.com. We look forward to seeing you here!


text:
1.0 Install
** This is an older release (and not recommended). See latest release. **
Welcome to the installation guide for BigBlueButton 1.0.
BigBlueButton is an open source web conferencing system for online learning. The goal of BigBlueButton is to enable instructors to provide remote students a high-quality learning experience.
For an overview what new in this release, see overview.
We recommend you install BigBlueButton 1.0 on a dedicated Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit server that is not running any other web applications. Not trying to install BigBlueButton alongside other web-based applications (such as plesk or isp-manager), will prevent conflicts with networking and resource files.
If you already have a BigBlueButton 0.81 server running Ubuntu 10.04, we recommend not trying to upgrade your server. Start with a clean Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit server, install BigBlueButton using the steps below, and then copy over the recordings from the old BigBlueButton server to the new.
Before you install
The prerequisites for BigBlueButton 1.0 server are
- Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit server
- 4 GB of memory with swap enabled (8 GB is better)
- Quad-core 2.6 GHZ CPU (or faster)
- TCP ports 80, 1935, 9123 are accessible
- UDP ports 16384 - 32768 are accessible
- Port 80 is not in use by another application
- 500G of free disk space (or more) for recordings
- 100 Mbits/sec bandwidth (symmetrical)
- Dedicated (bare metal) hardware (not virtualization)
If you intend to setup BigBlueButton for development, then installation in a virtualized environment works well. For development, you probably don't need a VM with 500G of free disk space; 50G would be sufficient. However, if you intend to run BigBlueButton in production, we recommend installation on a dedicated (bare metal) server. BigBlueButton uses FreeSWITCH for processing the incoming real-time packets for audio, and FreeSWITCH works best in a non-virtualized environment (see FreeSWITCH recommended configurations).
For users we recommend (a minimum of) 1.0 Mbits/sec download speed and 0.5 Mbits/sec upload speed.
In addition to ensuring your server meets the above requirements, there are a few more checks. First, the locale of the server must be en_US.UTF-8. To verify , enter the following command
$ cat /etc/default/locale
If you don't see
LANG="en_US.UTF-8", then enter the following commands.
$ sudo apt-get install language-pack-en
$ sudo update-locale LANG=en_US.UTF-8
and logout and log back into your SSH session (this will reload your configuration). Run
cat /etc/default/locale again and verify you see only the single line
LANG="en_US.UTF-8". Note: if you see an additional line
LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8, then remove the setting for
LC_ALL before continuing.
Check that your server is running 64-bit.
$ uname -m
Check your version of Ubuntu is Ubuntu 14.04.
$ cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 14.04.X LTS"
We have designed, developed, installed, and tested BigBlueButton 1.0 on Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit (Trusty Tahr). In other words, we have neither installed nor tested BigBlueButton on a different release of Ubuntu (and it will likely not work).
Installing BigBlueButton 1.0
If you have already installed an earlier build of 0.9/1.0 then see upgrading BigBlueButton 0.9
A few words about the installation steps below. You must completely finish each step before proceeding to the next. If you encounter an error at any step, STOP and double-check you've entered the proper commands, and don't continue onto the next step as you'll only compound the errors. If you can't resolve the error (use Google to search for the error messages), then post a description of the error to the bigbluebutton setup mailing list and the community will help.
Commercial support is also available.
1. Update your server
Login to your server via SSH. You need to have an account that can execute commands as root (via sudo). First, ensure that you have
trusty multiverse in your
sources.list. Do the following.
$ grep "multiverse" /etc/apt/sources.list
and you should see an uncommented line for the multiverse repository, which may look like
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main restricted universe multiverse
Don't worry if your URL is different, what's important is you see an uncommented link that contains multiverse. If you don't, then execute the following line to add the multiverse repository to your
sources.list file.
$ echo "deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty multiverse" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list
Before proceeding further, do a dist-upgrade to ensure all the current packages on your server are up-to-date.
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
If you've not updated in a while, apt-get may recommend you reboot your server after
dist-upgrade finishes. Do the reboot before proceeding to the next step.
If you are installing BigBlueButton on EC2 (good for testing, but for production we recommend using a physical server for better performance), Amazon EC2 provides an external and internal IP address. After you install BigBlueButton, complete the steps outlined here.
2. Install PPA for LibreOffice 4.4 and libssl
Ubuntu 14.04 installs LibreOffice 4.2.x by default, but we want to use LibreOffice 4.4 for improved stability on conversion of Microsoft Office documents to PDF.
To add the repository for LibreOffice 4.4, enter the following commands:
$ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-4-4
Also, Chrome 52 (currently in beta) will rquire ECDSA keys in the audio connection between the browser and FreeSWITCH server. In order for FreeSWITCH to support ECDSA key (and let the user connect with WebRTC audio on Chrome 52+), you need to add the follwing PPA
$ sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej/php
3. Install key for BigBlueButton
You need to give your server access to the BigBlueButton package repository. First, add the BigBlueButton key
$ wget http://ubuntu.bigbluebutton.org/bigbluebutton.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add -
Next, add the BigBlueButton repository URL.
$ echo "deb http://ubuntu.bigbluebutton.org/trusty-1-0/ bigbluebutton-trusty main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bigbluebutton.list
Finally, update the package list.
$ sudo apt-get update
4. Install ffmpeg
BigBlueButton 1.0 uses ffmpeg to create components of the playback files (the audio, video, and desktop sharing components).
To install ffmpeg, create a file called
install-ffmpeg.sh and copy-and-paste in the following script.
sudo apt-get install build-essential git-core checkinstall yasm texi2html libvorbis-dev libx11-dev libvpx-dev libxfixes-dev zlib1g-dev pkg-config netcat libncurses5-dev
cd /usr/local/src
if [ ! -d "/usr/local/src/ffmpeg-${FFMPEG_VERSION}" ]; then
sudo wget "http://ffmpeg.org/releases/ffmpeg-${FFMPEG_VERSION}.tar.bz2"
sudo tar -xjf "ffmpeg-${FFMPEG_VERSION}.tar.bz2"
cd "ffmpeg-${FFMPEG_VERSION}"
sudo ./configure --enable-version3 --enable-postproc --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx
sudo make
sudo checkinstall --pkgname=ffmpeg --pkgversion="5:${FFMPEG_VERSION}" --backup=no --deldoc=yes --default
Next, make the script executable and run it.
$ chmod +x install-ffmpeg.sh
$ ./install-ffmpeg.sh
After the script finishes, check that ffmpeg is installed by typing the command
ffmpeg -version. You should see the following
$ ffmpeg -version
ffmpeg version 2.3.3 Copyright (c) 2000-2014 the FFmpeg developers
built on Aug 18 2014 17:35:05 with gcc 4.8 (Ubuntu 4.8.2-19ubuntu1)
configuration: --enable-version3 --enable-postproc --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx
libavutil 52. 92.100 / 52. 92.100
libavcodec 55. 69.100 / 55. 69.100
libavformat 55. 48.100 / 55. 48.100
libavdevice 55. 13.102 / 55. 13.102
libavfilter 4. 11.100 / 4. 11.100
libswscale 2. 6.100 / 2. 6.100
libswresample 0. 19.100 / 0. 19.100
5. Install BigBlueButton
We're now ready to install BigBlueButton 1.0 Type
$ sudo apt-get install bigbluebutton
This single command is where all the magic happens. This command installs all of BigBlueButton's components with their dependencies.
Type 'Y' and press enter to install. If you get an error message
...... Error: FreeSWITCH didn't start
you can ignore it as you'll do a clean restart of all the BigBlueButton components in step 9.
ImageMagick security issues
The version of ImageMagick included with Ubuntu 14.04 is vulnerable to CVE-2016-3714, which can result in remote code execution. To mitigate the issue, please edit the file
/etc/ImageMagick/policy.xml and ensure that it has the following contents:
<policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="EPHEMERAL" />
<policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="URL" />
<policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="HTTPS" />
<policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="MVG" />
<policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="MSL" />
<policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="TEXT" />
<policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="SHOW" />
<policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="WIN" />
<policy domain="coder" rights="none" pattern="PLT" />
convert -list policy to confirm that the security policies have been applied.
Some additional policies to limit resource consumption may also be useful, see ImageMagick Policy Configuration for details.
6. Install API Demos
This step is optional.
If you want to interactively test your BigBlueButton server (as opposed to using an 3rd party integration), you can install a set of API demos.
$ sudo apt-get install bbb-demo
You'll need the bbb-demo package installed if you want to join the Demo Meeting from your BigBlueButton server's welcome page. This is the same welcome page you see at demo server.
Later on, if you wish to remove the API demos, you can enter the command
$ sudo apt-get purge bbb-demo
7. Install Client Self-Check
This step is optional
BigBlueButton has a self-check utility that can help diagnose networking and configuration issues that may prevent a user from launching BigBlueButton. To install the client self-check page:
$ sudo apt-get install bbb-check
This is the same welcome page you see at client self-check.
Later on, if you wish to remove the client self-check page, you can enter the command
$ sudo apt-get purge bbb-check
8. Enable WebRTC audio
To enable WebRTC audio (you want to do this), do the following
$ sudo bbb-conf --enablewebrtc
9. Do a Clean Restart
To ensure BigBlueButton has started cleanly, enter the following commands:
$ sudo bbb-conf --clean
$ sudo bbb-conf --check
--clean option will clear out all the log files for BigBlueButton. The
--check option will grep through the log files looking for errors.
The output from
sudo bbb-conf --check will display your current settings and, after the text, " Potential problems described below ", print any potential configuration or startup problems it has detected.
Here is a sample output from a new install on a server with hostname demo.bigbluebutton.org.
$ sudo bbb-conf --check
BigBlueButton Server 1.0.N (NNNN)
Kernel version: 3.13.0-85-generic
Distribution: Ubuntu 14.04.4 LTS (64-bit)
Memory: 7698 MB
/var/www/bigbluebutton/client/conf/config.xml (bbb-client)
Port test (tunnel): demo.bigbluebutton.org
Red5: demo.bigbluebutton.org
useWebrtcIfAvailable: true
/opt/freeswitch/conf/sip_profiles/external.xml (FreeSWITCH)
websocket port: 5066
WebRTC enabled: true
/etc/nginx/sites-available/bigbluebutton (nginx)
server name: demo.bigbluebutton.org
port: 80
port: 443 ssl
bbb-client dir: /var/www/bigbluebutton
/var/lib/tomcat7/webapps/bigbluebutton/WEB-INF/classes/bigbluebutton.properties (bbb-web)
bbb-web host: demo.bigbluebutton.org
/var/lib/tomcat7/webapps/demo/bbb_api_conf.jsp (API demos)
url: demo.bigbluebutton.org
/var/www/bigbluebutton/check/conf/config.xml (client check)
client check: demo.bigbluebutton.org
/usr/share/red5/webapps/bigbluebutton/WEB-INF/red5-web.xml (red5)
voice conference: FreeSWITCH
capture video: true
capture desktop: true
/usr/local/bigbluebutton/core/scripts/bigbluebutton.yml (record and playback)
playback host: demo.bigbluebutton.org
** Potential problems described below **
# Warning: The API demos are installed and accessible from:
# https://demo.bigbluebutton.org/demo/demo1.jsp
# These API demos allow anyone to access your server without authentication
# to create/manage meetings and recordings. They are for testing purposes only.
# If you are running a production system, remove them by running:
# sudo apt-get purge bbb-demo
The command
sudo bbb-conf --check will also point out potential problems that may be actual problems or warnings. Here, it warns you you currently have the API demos installed, which would enable anyone with access to the server to launch sessions.
At this point, you could try out your server by opening
http://demo.bigbluebutton.org with your web browser (FireFox or Chrome recommended as they support WebRTC audio). There is, in fact, a demo server running at http://demo.bigbluebutton.org if you want to try out BigBlueButton.
If BigBlueButton didn't install or run, see troubleshooting installation.
Upgrading BigBlueButton 0.9/1.0
If already have a BigBlueButton 0.81 server, these instructions will not upgrade your server. You need to install on a clean installation of 1.0 on Ubuntu 14.04 64-bit and follow the steps previous in this document.
To upgrade your BigBlueButton 0.9 server, first setup BigBlueButton repository URL as instructed in Step 3.. Next, add the package repository for LibreOffice 4.4 (if you've not already done this). To check if you have libreoffice 4.3, enter the command
dpkg -l | grep libreoffice and you should see a version 4.4.X of libreoffice.
$ dpkg -l | grep libreoffice
ii libreoffice 1:4.3.6~rc2-0ubuntu1~trusty1 amd64 office productivity suite (metapackage)
If you see
ii libreoffice 1:4.2.7-0ubuntu2 amd64 office productivity suite (metapackage)
then enter the following commands to upgrade to LibreOffice 4.4 (you need only do these commands once).
$ sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:libreoffice/libreoffice-4-4
Next,before you upgrade your BigBlueButton 1.0 server (or upgrade 0.9 to 1.0), you need to ensure you have libssl1.0.2 installed to enable FreeSWITCH to support ECDSA keys (see more information). To check, do the following command
$ dpkg -l | grep libssl
ii libssl-dev:amd64 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.19 amd64 Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development files
ii libssl-doc 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.19 all Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development documentation
ii libssl1.0.0:amd64 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.19 amd64 Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - shared libraries
If you only see
libssl1.0.0, then do the following
$ sudo add-apt-repository -y ppa:ondrej/php
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install libssl1.0.2
After the install you should see the libssl1.0.2 package.
$ dpkg -l | grep libssl
ii libssl-dev:amd64 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.19 amd64 Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development files
ii libssl-doc 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.19 all Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - development documentation
ii libssl1.0.0:amd64 1.0.1f-1ubuntu2.19 amd64 Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - shared libraries
ii libssl1.0.2:amd64 1.0.2h-1+deb.sury.org~trusty+1 amd64 Secure Sockets Layer toolkit - shared libraries
Your now ready to upgrade. To upgrade BigBlueButton 0.9/1.0, do the following:
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
$ sudo bbb-conf --enablewebrtc
$ sudo bbb-conf --clean
$ sudo bbb-conf --check
Respond with 'Y', if you get prompted to update any configuration file during the upgrade
Configuring HTTPS on BigBlueButton
You'll want to add HTTPS support to your BigBlueButton server for increased security. Also, as of Chrome 47, Chrome users will be unable to share their microphone via WebRTC unless BigBlueButton is loaded via HTTPS.
Configure BigBlueButton to use a domain name
In order to obtain a valid SSL certificate for your server, you must configure the server to use a domain name that you own or control.
For the purposes of documentation, we will be using the domain name "example.com", with a BigBlueButton server hosted at "bigbluebutton.example.com".
Please run the commands as root.
Once you have a domain name and have configured it with a DNS host, add an A record pointing to your server. You can then use the bbb-conf setip command to configure BigBlueButton to use that domain name, for example:
bbb-conf --setip bigbluebutton.example.com
Obtain an SSL certificate
In order to serve BigBlueButton over HTTPS, you need to have a valid SSL certificate. A domain validated (sometimes called "class 1") certificate with a 2048 bit RSA key and SHA-256 checksum is the current recommended minimum, and it should be sufficient.
There are a number of providers that you could obtain a certificate from. Many domain name sales companies also offer certificates.
Some well known large providers of SSL certificates include Comodo, Symantec, GoDaddy, GlobalSign, and DigiCert. In addition, free SSL certificates are available from StartSSL and CACert, with some caveats: StartSSL certificates can't be revoked without paying a service fee, and most people do not have the root for CACert installed in their web browser.
Each provider will give you a series of steps for generating the certificate, but they will normally include generating a private key and certificate request locally, sending the certificate request to be signed, and then receiving back the signed certificate after they have performed any required verification steps.
To install the certificate in BigBlueButton, you will need to have files for the certificate, private key, and any intermediate certificates in PEM format.
Configure nginx to use HTTPS
Depending on your CA, you should now have 2 or more files, as follows:
- Certificate
- Private key
- Intermediate certificate (there may be more than one, or could be none)
The next step is to install the files on the server.
Create the directory /etc/nginx/ssl:
mkdir /etc/nginx/ssl
And now create the private key file for nginx to use (replace the hostname in the filename with your own). In addition, fix the permissions so that only root can read the private key:
cat >/etc/nginx/ssl/bigbluebutton.example.com.key <<'END'
Paste the contents of your key file here
chmod 0600 /etc/nginx/ssl/bigbluebutton.example.com.key
And the certificate file. Note that nginx needs your server certificate and the list of intermediate certificates together in one file (replace the hostname in the filename with your own):
cat >/etc/nginx/ssl/bigbluebutton.example.com.crt <<'END'
Paste (in order) the contents of the following files:
1. The signed certificate from the CA
2. In order, each intermediate certificate provided by the CA (but do not include the root).
In addition, we'll generate a set of 2048-bit diffie-hellman parameters to improve security for some types of ciphers. This step can take several minutes to complete, particularly if run on a virtual machine.
openssl dhparam -out /etc/nginx/ssl/dhp-2048.pem 2048
Now we can edit the nginx configuration to use SSL. Edit the file
/etc/nginx/sites-available/bigbluebutton to add the marked lines. Ensure that you're using the correct filenames to match the certificate and key files you created above.
server {
server_name bigbluebutton.example.com;
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
listen 443 ssl;
listen [::]:443 ssl;
ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/bigbluebutton.example.com.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/bigbluebutton.example.com.key;
ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;
ssl_session_timeout 10m;
ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
ssl_ciphers "ECDH+AESGCM:DH+AESGCM:ECDH+AES256:DH+AES256:ECDH+AES128:DH+AES:ECDH+3DES:DH+3DES:RSA+AESGCM:RSA+AES:RSA+3DES:!aNULL:!MD5:!DSS:!AES256";
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
ssl_dhparam /etc/nginx/ssl/dhp-2048.pem;
For reference, note that the SSL settings used above are based on those proposed in https://hynek.me/articles/hardening-your-web-servers-ssl-ciphers/ and provide support for all modern browsers (including IE8, but not IE6, on Windows XP). Please note that recommended SSL settings are subject to change as new vulnerabilities are found.
Configure FreeSWITCH & WebRTC
Edit the file
/opt/freeswitch/conf/sip_profiles/external.xml and look for a line containing "ws-binding". Edit it to match the following
<param name="tls-version" value="$${sip_tls_version}"/>
<param name="wss-binding" value=":7443"/>
Now the websocket forwarding address in nginx must be updated. Edit the file
/etc/bigbluebutton/nginx/sip.nginx and change the protocol and port on the proxy_pass line as shown:
location /ws {
proxy_pass https://203.0.113.3:7443;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
proxy_read_timeout 6h;
proxy_send_timeout 6h;
client_body_timeout 6h;
send_timeout 6h;
In addition, the webrtc code in the client must be updated to use the secure websockets connection. Edit the file
/var/www/bigbluebutton/client/lib/bbb_webrtc_bridge_sip.js and change the line that selects the 'ws' protocol to use 'wss' instead:
function createUAWithStuns(username, server, callback, stunsConfig, m.keyakeCallFunc) {
console.log("Creating new user agent");
/* VERY IMPORTANT * - You must escape the username because spaces will cause the connection to fail
* - We are connecting to the websocket through an nginx redirect instead of directly to 5066 */
var configuration = {
uri: 'sip:' + encodeURIComponent(username) + '@' + server,
wsServers: 'wss://' + server + '/ws',
displayName: username,
register: false,
traceSip: true,
autostart: false,
userAgentString: "BigBlueButton",
stunServers: stunsConfig['stunServers'],
turnServers: stunsConfig['turnServers']
You have to apply the same change in the
bbb-client-check module. Edit the file
/var/www/bigbluebutton/check/resources/lib/bbb_webrtc_bridge_sip.js and change the line that selects the 'ws' protocol to use 'wss' instead:
function createUAWithStuns(username, server, callback, stunsConfig, makeCallFunc) {
console.log("Creating new user agent");
/* VERY IMPORTANT * - You must escape the username because spaces will cause the connection to fail
* - We are connecting to the websocket through an nginx redirect instead of directly to 5066 */
var configuration = {
uri: 'sip:' + encodeURIComponent(username) + '@' + server,
wsServers: 'wss://' + server + '/ws',
displayName: username,
register: false,
traceSip: true,
autostart: false,
userAgentString: "BigBlueButton",
stunServers: stunsConfig['stunServers'],
turnServers: stunsConfig['turnServers']
Configure BigBlueButton to load session via HTTPS
Edit the file
/var/lib/tomcat7/webapps/bigbluebutton/WEB-INF/classes/bigbluebutton.properties and update the property bigbluebutton.web.serverURL to use https:
# This URL is where the BBB client is accessible. When a user sucessfully
# enters a name and password, she is redirected here to load the client.
You must also update the file
/var/www/bigbluebutton/client/conf/config.xml to tell the client to load components via https. Since this is tedious to do by hand, you can use the following command to apply the change:
sed -e 's|http://|https://|g' -i /var/www/bigbluebutton/client/conf/config.xml
If you would ever need to revert this change, you can run the reverse command:
sed -e 's|https://|http://|g' -i /var/www/bigbluebutton/client/conf/config.xml
Edit Demo Files
/var/lib/tomcat7/webapps/demo/bbb_api_conf.jsp to use https.
// This is the URL for the BigBlueButton server
String BigBlueButtonURL = "https://demo.bigbluebutton.org/bigbluebutton/";
Restart BigBlueButton
To apply all of the configuration changes made, you must restart all components of BigBlueButton:
bbb-conf --restart
Test your HTTPS configuration
In order to ensure you didn't make any mistakes that could cause security compromises, please test your HTTPS configuration. A well-respected site that can do a series of automated tests is https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/ - simply enter your server's hostname, optionally check the "Do not show results" checkbox if you would like to keep it private, then Submit.
At time of writing, the configuration shown on this page should achieve an "A" ranking in the SSL Labs test page.
Troubleshooting Installation
The following will help you resolve common errors with installation.
Run sudo bbb-conf –check
We've built in a BigBlueButton configuration utility, called
bbb-conf, to help you configure your BigBlueButton server and troubleshoot your setup if something doesn't work right.
If you think something isn't working correctly, the first step is enter the following command.
$ sudo bbb-conf --check
This will check your setup to ensure the correct processes are running, the BigBlueButton components have correctly started, and look for common configuration problems that might prevent BigBlueButton from working properly.
If you see text after the line
** Potential problems described below **, then it may be warnings (which you can ignore if you've change settings) or errors with the setup.
Could not get your microphone for a WebRTC call
At the time of writing, the current release is Chrome 45. As of Chrome 47 (coming soon), Chrome will require that any access to the user's micrphone for WebRTC be restricted to sites that are served via HTTPS. Users using Chrome Canary will also have this requirement.
If the user attempts to share their microphone, Chrome will block access and BigBlueButton will report the following error
WebRTC Audio Failure: Detected the following WebRTC issue: Could not get your microphone for a WebRTC call. Do you want to try flash instead?
To enable Chrome to access the user's microphone, see Coniguring HTTPS on BigBlueButton.
Tomcat7 takes a long time to startup
Tomcat relies on the SecureRandom class (which uses available entropy) to provide random values for its session IDs. On a virtualized server, however, the available entropy can run low and cause tomcat7 to block for a long period before it finishes it's startup sequence (see Tomcat Entropy Source).
To provide tomcat7 with more entropy, you can install havaged
$ sudo apt-get install haveged
For more information see How to Setup Additional Entropy for Cloud Servers Using Haveged.
Errors with packages
Some hosting providers do not provide a complete
/etc/apt/source.list. If you are finding your are unable to install a package, try replacing your
/etc/apt/sources.list with the following
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse
then do
$ sudo apt-get update
and try installing BigBlueButton again from the beginning.
Some packages could not be installed error (libpython3.4)
Some installations of Ubuntu 14.04 might have broken python3.4 packages installed. To check if this issue affects you, run the following command:
sudo apt-get install -s libpython3.4
If you get output that looks similar to the following - in particular, if it mentions the python version "3.4.3-1ubuntu1~14.04.1", then you are hitting this issue:
libpython3.4 : Depends: libpython3.4-stdlib (= 3.4.0-2ubuntu1.1) but 3.4.3-1ubuntu1~14.04.1 is to be installed
To fix this problem, run the following commands:
sudo dpkg -r --force-all libpython3.4-stdlib python3.4-minimal libpython3.4-minimal libpython3.4 python3.4
sudo apt-get -f install
If those commands complete, you can go back to the installation instructions and try the package that had failed again.
Welcome to nginx
During installation of BigBlueButton the packaging scripts attempt to assign the correct IP address during setup. However, if the IP address changes (such as when rebooting a VM), or the first IP address was not the correct IP address for the server, you may see a "Welcome to nginx" page.
To reconfigure the BigBlueButton to use the correct IP address or hostname, see BigBlueButton does not load.
BigBlueButton does not load
If your server has multiple network connections, the install scripts may have used the wrong IP for BigBlueButton's configuration. Another possibility is you want to access BigBlueButton through a hostname (but not IP).
To change all of BigBlueButton's configuration files to use a different IP address or hostname, enter
$ sudo bbb-conf --setip <ip_address_or_hostname>
$ sudo bbb-conf --enablewebrtc
$ sudo bbb-conf --clean
$ sudo bbb-conf --check
For more information see bbb-conf options.
Audio not working
If you are installing BigBlueButton on EC2 or a hosting provider that has a number of network interfaces, you need to tell FreeSWITCH to listen on your external interface on it's IP address (shown below as EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS). You must use the external IP address where EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS is show (not the external hostname).
Remove this line
<X-PRE-PROCESS cmd="set" data="local_ip_v4=xxx.yyy.zzz.qqq"/>
<X-PRE-PROCESS cmd="set" data="bind_server_ip=auto"/>
<X-PRE-PROCESS cmd="set" data="bind_server_ip=EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS"/>
<X-PRE-PROCESS cmd="set" data="external_rtp_ip=stun:stun.freeswitch.org"/>
<X-PRE-PROCESS cmd="set" data="external_rtp_ip=EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS"/>
<X-PRE-PROCESS cmd="set" data="external_sip_ip=stun:stun.freeswitch.org"/>
<X-PRE-PROCESS cmd="set" data="external_sip_ip=EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS"/>
/opt/freeswitch/conf/sip_profiles/external.xml and change
<param name="rtp-ip" value="$${local_ip_v4}"/>
<param name="sip-ip" value="$${local_ip_v4}"/>
<param name="ext-rtp-ip" value="$${local_ip_v4}"/>
<param name="ext-sip-ip" value="$${local_ip_v4}"/>
<param name="rtp-ip" value="$${local_ip_v4}"/>
<param name="sip-ip" value="$${local_ip_v4}"/>
<param name="ext-rtp-ip" value="$${external_rtp_ip}"/>
<param name="ext-sip-ip" value="$${external_sip_ip}"/>
bbb.sip.app.ip=<internal ip>
freeswitch.ip=<internal ip>
/etc/bigbluebutton/nginx/sip.nginx to
location /ws {
proxy_pass http://EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS:5066;
proxy_http_version 1.1;
proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
proxy_set_header Connection "Upgrade";
proxy_read_timeout 6h;
proxy_send_timeout 6h;
client_body_timeout 6h;
send_timeout 6h;
EXTERNAL_IP_ADDRESS to your server's elastic IP address.
Open the following TCP and UPD ports on the local firewall (if you have one installed) and security groups (if your using EC2):
- UDP - 16384 to 32768
- TCP - 7443 (if you have HTTPS enabled)
Conference not found errors
The command
sudo bbb-conf --debug searches through the red5, tomcat7, and nginx logs looking for errors and exceptions. However, the messages such as
-- ERRORS found in /usr/share/red5/log/* --
/usr/share/red5/log/bigbluebutton.log:2015-05-02 13:50:37,681-04:00 [pool-17-thread-1] ERROR o.b.w.v.f.a.PopulateRoomCommand - Not XML: [Conference 78505 not found]
are innocious and can be ignored.
No Symbolic Link
If you've installed/uninstalled BigBlueButton packages, you may get a
No Symbolic Link warning from
bbb-conf --check:
** Potential Problems **
nginx (conf): no symbolic link in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled for bigbluebutton
To solve this, add a symbolic link to nginx for the BigBlueButton site:
sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/bigbluebutton /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/bigbluebutton
sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart
Voice Application failed to register with sip server
When doing
sudo bbb-conf --check, you may see the warning
voice Application failed to register with sip server
This error occurs when
bbb-apps-sip isn't able to make a SIP call to FreeSWITCH. You'll see this in BigBlueButton when users click the headset icon and don't join the voice conference.
One possible cause for this is you have just installed BigBlueButton, but not restarted it. The packages do not start up the BigBlueButton components in the right order. To restart BigBlueButton, do the following:
sudo bbb-conf --restart
sudo bbb-conf --check
If you don't want FreeSWITCH to bind to 127.0.0.1, you need to figure out which IP address it's using. First, determine the IP address FreeSWITCH is monitoring for incoming SIP calls with the following command:
netstat -ant | grep 5060
You should see an output such as
tcp 0 0 126.96.36.199:5060 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN
In this example, FreeSWITCH is listening on IP address 188.8.131.52. The IP address on your server will be different.
Next, edit
/usr/share/red5/webapps/sip/WEB-INF/bigbluebutton-sip.properties and set the value for
sip.server.host to the IP address returned from the above command. Save the changes (you'll need to edit the file as root to save changes).
Restart BigBlueButton using the commands and run the built-in diagnostics checks.
sudo bbb-conf --clean
sudo bbb-conf --check
If the above does not resolve your problem, post to the output of the commands
sudo bbb-conf --check and
ifconfig to bigbluebutton-setup and we'll help you there.
Client WebRTC Error Codes
WebRTC offers very high-quality audio. However, the user's network settings (or firewall) may not allow WebRTC to connect (or keep connected).
Here are the following lists the possible WebRTC error messages that a user may encounter:
- 1001: WebSocket disconnected - The WebSocket had connected successfully and has now disconnected. Possible Causes:
- Loss of internet connection
- Nginx restarting can cause this
- 1002: Could not make a WebSocket connection - The initial WebSocket connection was unsuccessful. Possible Causes:
- Firewall blocking ws protocol
- Server is down or improperly configured
- 1003: Browser version not supported - Browser doesn't implement the necessary WebRTC API methods. Possible Causes:
- Out of date browser
- 1004: Failure on call - The call was attempted, but failed. Possible Causes:
- For a full list of causes refer here, http://sipjs.com/api/0.6.0/causes/
- There are 24 different causes so I don't really want to list all of them
- 1005: Call ended unexpectedly - The call was successful, but ended without user requesting to end the session. Possible Causes:
- Unknown
- 1006: Call timed out - The library took too long to try and connect the call. Possible Causes:
- Previously caused by Firefox 33-beta on Mac. We've been unable to reproduce since release of FireFox 34
- 1007: ICE negotiation failed - The browser and FreeSWITCH try to negotiate ports to use to stream the media and that negotiation failed. Possible Causes:
- NAT is blocking the connection
- Firewall is blocking the UDP connection/ports
- 1008: Call transfer failed - A timeout while waiting for FreeSWITCH to transfer from the echo test to the real conference. This might be caused by a misconfiguration in FreeSWITCH, or there might be a media error and the DTMF command to transfer didn't go through (In this case, the voice in the echo test probably didn't work either.)
- 1009: Could not fetch STUN/TURN server information - This indicates either a BigBlueButton bug (or you're using an unsupported new client/old server combination), but could also happen due to a network interruption.
Not running: nginx
The common reasons for nginx not running are inability to bind to port 80 and configuration errors. To check if port 80 is already in use, use
sudo netstat -ant
to see if any process is currently bound to port 80. If so, check to see if another web server is installed. If so, then stop the web server and try to restart nginx. One of the server requirements before you install BigBlueButton is that port 80 is not in use by another application (such as Apache). For details on why this is a requirements, see We recommend running BigBlueButton on port 80.
If port 80 is free, check if your nginx configuration file has errors. Try a restart of nginx
sudo service nginx restart
and look for the output of
If you see
[ Fail ], then your nginx configuration files might have a syntax error. Check the syntax of the nginx configuration files using the command
sudo nginx -t
and see if it repots any errors. You can also check the error.log file for nginx to see what errors it gives on startup
sudo cat /var/log/nginx/error.log
Reprocess Recordings from 0.81
With the update from BigBlueButton 0.81 to 0.9, we do not support upgrading a server in place. Instead, we recommend installing a fresh copy of Ubuntu 14.04 for BigBlueButton 0.9.
There are two ways of importing recordings from an old BigBlueButton server to a new one; they are described separately.
Re-process raw recordings from an old server
This is the recommended way of copying recordings, since the recordings will be rebuilt using newer versions of the recording software, enabling new features and fixing bugs that may have been present with the old version. The downside is that this can take a long time, and will use a lot of CPU on your new BigBlueButton server while you wait for the recordings to process.
If your old server has all of the original recording files in the
/var/bigbluebutton/recording/raw directory, then you can transfer these files to the new server, for example with rsync:
This example rsync command could be run on the new server, and will copy the recording file from the old server.
rsync -rP root@bbb-0-81-server:/var/bigbluebutton/recording/raw/ /var/bigbluebutton/recording/raw/
There are other ways of transferring these files; for example, you could create a tar archive of the
/var/bigbluebutton/recording/raw directory, and copy it with scp, or use a shared NFS mount. Any method should work fine.
You will then need to fix the permissions on the newly copied recordings:
chown -R tomcat7:tomcat7 /var/bigbluebutton/recording/raw
And initiate the recording re-processing
bbb-record --rebuildall
The BigBlueButton server will automatically go through the recordings and rebuild and publish them. You can use the
bbb-record --watch command to see the progress.
Transfer existing published recordings from an 0.81 server
If you want to do the minimum amount of work to quickly make your existing recordings on a 0.81 server available on a BigBlueButton 0.9 server, transfer the contents of the
/var/bigbluebutton/published and
/var/bigbluebutton/unpublished directories. In addition, to preserve the backup of the original raw media, you should transfer the contents of the
/var/bigbluebutton/recording/raw directory.
Here is an example set of rsync commands that would accomplish this; run these on the new server to copy the files from the old server.
rsync -rP root@bbb-0-81-server:/var/bigbluebutton/published/ /var/bigbluebutton/published/
rsync -rP root@bbb-0-81-server:/var/bigbluebutton/unpublished/ /var/bigbluebutton/unpublished/
rsync -rP root@bbb-0-81-server:/var/bigbluebutton/recording/raw/ /var/bigbluebutton/recording/raw/
Other methods of transferring these files can also be used; for example, you could create a tar archive of each of the directories, and transfer it via scp, or use a shared NFS mount.
You will then need to fix the permissions on the newly copied recordings:
chown -R tomcat7:tomcat7 /var/bigbluebutton/published /var/bigbluebutton/unpublished /var/bigbluebutton/recording/raw
If the recordings were copied from a server with a different hostname, you will have to run the following command to fix the stored hostnames. (If you don't do this, it'll either return a 404 error, or attempt to load the recordings from the old server instead of the new server!)
Note that this command will restart the BigBlueButton server, interrupting any live sessions.
bbb-conf --setip <ip_address_or_hostname>
For example,
bbb-conf --setip bigbluebutton.example.com
The transferred recordings should be immediately visible via the BigBlueButton recordings API.
Finally, if you are transferring recordings from a BigBlueButton 0.80 server, they may have been done in an older recording format called "slides". In order to correctly play back these recordings on a new BigBlueButton server, you will have to install an additional package:
apt-get install bbb-playback-slides
Root partition too small
If the root partition on your BigBlueButton server is too small (for disk space requirements see Before you install), we recommend moving the following directories to an external partition with sufficent disk space.
BigBlueButton processing and storage of recordings:
FreeSWITCH recording of audio files:
And red5 recording of video files:
To make the move, first stop BigBlueButton, then move the above directories to a new location on the external partition, create symbolic links from the original locations to the new locations, and restart BigBlueButton.
Unable to create presentation
If you see the following error in
failed to map segment from shared object: Operation not permitted
use the command
mount to check that the
/tmp director does not have
noexec permissions (which would prevent executables from running in the /tmp directory). If you see
noexec for
/tmp, you need to remount the directory with permissions that enable processes (such as the slide conversion) to execute in the
/tmp directory.
Installing previous versions
We recommend installing the latest version of BigBlueButton. However, if you wish to install the previous version, see the following links:


text:
Archives for posts with tag: 2015
Bonnie 'Prince' Billy cover.
I'm in a Brazilian mood lately:)
This is from Thiago França's latest project 'Space Charanga. It's not on Spotify, but luckily the Rough Guide dudes already picked it up.
It's supposed to be inspired by Sun Ra but played in a Brazilian way. You know… jazz…
Nevertheless an amazing track.
Everything these guys release is cool.


text:
With the Las Vegas attack still fresh on our minds, the homeland was attacked by a terrorist on the final day of October. In the heart of New York City, a man plowed down the sidewalk in a rented truck and killed 8, injuring many more. The man ran his truck into the side of a short bus and then exited his vehicle yelling "Allahu Akbar", which is literally translated from Arabic to English as "God is greater". He was shot by police, but has survived the injury and now has been in police custody. He has claimed ties to ISIS and radical Islamic terror.
This is another example of pure evil in this world… plain and simple. This man was on a mission to bring death to "the enemy". This was his jihad. No law, no sound bite, no constitutional amendment would have been able to stop him from carrying out the evil plans he had in his heart. He didn't need a gun in his pocket, he had keys.
Someone can take almost any item that we use for good and turn it into a tool for evil. A gun for shooting, hunting and self-defense can become a tool for mass murder. A truck for hauling and transporting can be used for mass murder. A knife for cutting food or camping can be used for mass murder. Fertilizer used to make the grass grow green can be used for mass murder. The tool isn't the problem, it's a heart problem.
You can't regulate evil. You can't kill evil. Evil doesn't exist inside an inanimate object; it exists in the hearts and minds of people willing to destroy everything with it. Evil is the absence of good. We have had evil in this world since the first family when Cain killed Able and it will continue until Christ returns.
~Jason – Three Patriots


text:
Follow the Zebras shares with the reader (any reader actually) adventures from the fascinating to the mundane as experienced by two oddly optimistic, still middle-aged, women. If you revel in cheering on the merry folk who boldly wander off on what seems to be a good idea at the time then this blog is for you.
Just because something is deemed problematic or absurd (insert any other word of discouragement you have heard here), does not mean it should be avoided, rather, we believe life is meant to be lived with your heart and approached with a plan. And as far as we can tell, the more plans the better – as in big scrolls held in a bear hug against one's chest.
Current Adventure: Pomp & Pyramids
We are off to London and Cairo for a look-see. To be clear, as there are over 40 towns with the name of Cairo and an equal amount named London, we shall be heading to England and Egypt. Want to follow what two middle-aged(relaxed definition) women can wander in-to and marvel out-of in these iconic locales – then you are in the right place. Seriously, put that Netflix on pause(binge watching reduces IQ by 4 points apparently) and let your imagination follow our laughter as we take a wee walk amongst the pillars of history.
"A goal without a plan is just a wish." ― Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
"Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts." ― Winston S. Churchill
And for the Scottish folk reading this, here is one for you all… "The best laid schemes o' mice an' men gang aft agley." ― Robert Burns, Collected Poems of Robert Burns


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NMS Ends Season With Nine Wins Each
The New Martinsville 7th and 8th grade basketball teams each concluded their seasons on Feb. 18 with wins against Paden City. The 7th grade team ended its campaign with a record of 9-3, while the 8th graders finished 9-4.
Coached by Justin Cochran, the 8th grade team was led in scoring by Brooks Parsons with an average of 10.9 points per game. Parsons was also the team leader in rebounds, with an average of 10.6 per games and in blocks, with 5.9 per game. Against Woodsfield. Parsons registered a triple double when he scored 19 points, grabbed 11 rebounds, and blocked 10 shots.
The leading three-point shooter on the team was Leo Herrick, who shot 39 percent from behind the arch. Jarrett Moore was the team leader in free-throw percentage by converting nearly seven of every 10 free throws he shot.
DeMarco Smith paced the Eagles with 4.2 steals per game while also adding 7.9 points. Garret Babe was the leader in assists with two per game, while adding eight points per game.
Every player on the team contributed to the success of the Eagles during the season: Devin Shimp added 3.3 points per game; Hunter Partridge averaged nearly two steals; Austin Klug chipped in 2.6 points per game; Michael Estep had only one turnover on the season; William Nice grabbed 2.2 rebounds per game; and Dalton Prichard was fourth in the team's free-throw percentage.
Highlights of the season included wins over Bellaire, Tyler Consolidated, Martins Ferry and Woodsfield, as well as a second-place finish in the annual St. Clairsville Tournament.
Nate Tallman served as head coach for the seventh grade Eagles. Tallman's squad was paced by Jacob Miller, who led the team in assists and scoring with 8 markers per game.
In addition, Dakota Litton finished as the leader in three pointers while averaging 7.6 points per game. Matthew Gaiser manned the center position and led the team in blocked shots. Against Martins Ferry, Gaiser scored a season high 16 points.
Eli Nice was the team leader in rebounds. Patrick Mirandy was the defensive specialist of the team and led the seventh grade Eagles in steals. Sebastian Stickler was the team's sixth man and played every position on the court at one point or another during the season.
Spencer Shepard led the team in free throw percentage, while Jared Kocher and Kyle Thomas each provided a spark off the bench. Tallman described Kocher as "smooth," while stating that Thomas was an "extremely hard worker."
Highlights of the season for the 7th grade team included wins over Martins Ferry, Bellaire and River. Additionally, the squad finished in third place at the St. Clairsville Tournament.


text:
Hold onto your Latte
Just in case you have not caught up on the news, Make Coffee Not War has moved! Not the blog itself, but the man behind the keyboard (sorry about the fourth wall). Yes, from July 12th or there abouts, the mind* behind Make Coffee Not War found itself living in Melbourne – so, as soon the bearings are found – and a sense of direction achieved, there will be coffee reviews from the city that is arguable the centre of the speciality coffee industry in Australia. If you have any suggestions about where I should be going for a coffee – and in what order, please leave your suggestions in the comments.
Look out Melbourne – Make Coffee Not War – has landed.


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What's the difference between tap water and bottled water? From cost to quality, there are many reasons to Choose Tap.
In the last decade, locally sourced water—provided by award-winning utilities like Spartanburg Water—has faced mounting competition from a beverage industry that has discovered the money-making power of pre-packaged water. Despite the high quality and value that can be found by simply turning on your kitchen faucet, bottled water, according to the International Bottled Water Association (IBWA), continues to be the #1 beverage in an already-crowded marketplace—all to the tune of nearly $13 billion in annual sales.
A majority of pre-packaged water is sold in individual bottles, and the costs quickly add up when you crunch the numbers in gallons. According to the Beverage Marketing Corporation, if you buy a gallon's worth of bottled water in the average-sized 16.9-ounce bottles traditionally found in the marketplace, that same water costs you $7.57 per gallon. That's 3,785 times more than you'd pay for the same amount of water from the tap in your home.
But the most popular bottled waters sold in supermarkets and convenience stores are, in fact, tap water. In fact, according to the National Resource Defense Council (NRDC), an independent group of health and environmental advocates, more than a quarter of the entire bottled water market is tap water that is sourced from our nation's water utilities. However, the true sources for these brands are not always listed on the label, so that percentage could be even higher.
The downstream costs and headache of plastic bottles extends to our nation's landfills, as well. According to The Water Project, four out of five plastic water bottles are not recycled, creating environmental hazards that can easily be avoided by switching to a refillable water bottle.
Probably the most striking difference between tap and bottled waters is how each is regulated: While the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) enforces policy for water utilities, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) oversees the bottled water industry. Tap water must be disinfected and filtered, as well as analyzed for a variety of substances that bottled water providers aren't required to test in their own water sources, according to research by the NRDC.
We're grateful that you stopped by Choose Tap to learn more about what role you can play to help change the conversation about tap water. You'll save money and help the environment by your commitment to Choose Tap.


text: Kim Zolciak, famous U.S. reality TV star has been discharged from hospital after suffering a mini stroke. On Thursday, Zolciak, 37-year-old mom of six kids revealed in a social media post that she all of sudden she lost all feeling in her left side and was unable to speak. Her dance partner Tony Dovolani showed his support for Zolciak, and tell that she ...Read More »


text:
Midcoast Marine Group - Marina Construction Services
Midcoast Marine Group – Marina Construction Services
Midcoast Marine Group is a Florida-based, team expert marine contractors with experience in Marina Construction, Marina Repair, Dock building, Seawalls, and Dock Repair services in the Tampa Bay area, Clearwater, Largo, and many more neighboring cities.
Building Your Marina
Our team at Midcoast Marine Group is composed of experienced professionals who can assist you in bringing your concepts and ideas into reality. After assessing the site and studying the environmental factors affecting your property, we can provide you with a comprehensive design plan. We would also help you with permits to ensure that the design and construction are within the regulations of your municipality.
To ensure that your marina is designed according to your preferences, we also provide you with a reasonable phasing plan. This will allow for flexibility in incorporation changes during construction.
Some of the most common marina facilities that we provide include walkways, piers, platforms, and bulkheads. We can also provide travel lanes and piling installations.
Types of Marina Facilities
Some marina facilities that we can provide include:
- Covered Marinas
- Fixed Docks Supported by Piles or Piers
- Marinas located in Rivers, Estuaries, Lakes, Bays, Harbors, or Oceans
- Marinas for Pleasure Crafts, Mega Yachts and/or Commercial Operations
- Marina Access Piers and Landings
- Design of Piers and Wharfs
The facilities mentioned above are few of the many types that we can build. We can provide more customized designs through further discussions and assessments of your needs.
Importance of a Marina
Having a marina is good for business as it provides a variety of amenities for individuals, sailors, and business alike. A marina also gives visitors the freedom to walk around the area and enjoy the sceneries.


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Well, Christmas is almost here! All of the decorating , food preparation and shopping is about to pay off. For me it all helps to set the mood for celebrating the Saviors birth.
I just want to share with you the last two rooms of my home that are ready for Christmas. The master bedroom and the bathroom. All is calm in the bedroom. Sit back and enjoy!
This room is my chill zone. During the holiday season I love to get comfortable in my lovely bed in the evening with a cup of hot chocolate and 2 peppermint candy canes and watch Hallmark movies on-line. I'm a Christmas romantic, I just can't help myself. lol
This year I went totally French Brocante in the bedroom. Using light shades of pink and white with a touch of pastel blue.
My Madonna collection is growing. I love collecting Madonna's because she gives me peaceful feeling. I can't imagine what she must have felt at the time of the birth of her child Jesus. I think that all mother's throughout the ages can relate with this amazing mother.
Twinkling lights from the little pink tree and candle light add a lovely touch to the bedroom scene.
Going to bed at night and awaking in the morning I see the face of our dear Savior who we celebrate this time of year. This gives me a sense of great comfort.
Of course I have to adorn every door in the house, I just can't leave one bare. See a Christmas Welcome.
Antique glass beads adorn the vintage vase. These beads hung on my dad's Christmas tree when he was very young. Angels, angels and more angels.
I will see you after the new year!
I will be at these amazing parties this week, come and join me!
Amaze Me Monday @ Dwellings-the heart of our home
The Creative Gallery @ Making it in the Mountains.
Make it Pretty Monday @ The Dedicated House
The Scoop @ Cedarhill Farmhouse
Talk of the Town @ Interior Frugalista (after 7 pm)
Designthusiasm @ Shabbyfufublog.com
Share Your Cup Thursday @ Have a Cup with Mrs. Olson
Share your Style @ The Essence of Home
Blog Hop @ Katherine's Corner
Home Sweet Home Party @ The Charm of home
Shabbilicious Friday @ Shabby Art Boutique
Feathered Nest Friday @ French Country Cottage
Pretty Pintastic Party @ Seeking Lavender Lane
Upcycled Linky Party @ Funky Junk
Best of the Weekend @ Ms. Toody Goo Shoes
Snickerdoodle Linky Party @ Blue Willow House


text:
Militants find haven in tiger reserves
Officials will go to wildlife reserves to deal with militants operating in these areas, reports Neelesh Misra.delhi Updated: Mar 23, 2007, 18:45 IST
Tiger conservation officials are embarking on six months of travel across wildlife reserves seeking ways to deal with the takeover of sanctuaries by militant groups, which feed on villagers' discontent against governments and animals.
The militants – mainly Naxalites – have made vast areas out of bounds for forest officials.
"At least four of our reserves are seriously affected. More than a policing issue, it is a livelihood issue," Dr Rajesh Gopal, head of the National Tiger Conservation Authority, told Hindustan Times on Saturday.
The Palamu wildlife reserve in Jharkhand state, Indravati in Chhattisgarh, Nagarjun Sagar in Andhra Pradesh have a dominant presence of Naxalites; Bodo militants operate out of the Manas reserve in Assam. In all, these reserves are spread across 10,200 square kilometers.
There is militant presence of varying degrees in several other sanctuaries as well, officials say.
Starting next month, members of the tiger authority as well as officials from the home, tribal affairs, Panchayati Raj and social justice ministries will begin a six-month survey of the reserves and neighbouring villages and talk to hundreds of people there, trying to suggest solutions to the complicated problem.
Villagers living on the periphery of reserves have in the past poisoned tigers that killed their cattle. They also support the militants due to the widespread discontent against the administration.
"Many such reserves are now completely beyond the reach of forest and protected area managements," the government's Tiger Task Force said in its 2005 report. "The rise in insurgency in these areas is widely attributed to the growing alienation and marginalisation of communities living in abject poverty in the country's richest lands."
India has 29 tiger reserves spread across 37,700 square kilometres, and at the last count, only 3,500 or so cats remained in the country. That count is also being re-examined after several doubts were expressed on the census-taking.
The militants' takeover of thickly forested sanctuaries helps poachers, because guards stop patrolling there. But the committee head shrugged off concerns that Naxalites themselves could be involved.
"Whether the people who are called Naxalites are involved in poaching, we are not sure. It is happening all over the country. Some of the people involved may have affinity with the Naxalites, but that is not the prime motive," Dr. Gopal Kadekudi, who heads the committee, said in a telephone interview from Dharwad, Karnataka.
"Farmers are complaining against wild life – including tigers, wild boar and elephants," he said. "They come and destroy crops. There is a man-animal conflict, and it is not limited to tigers."