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AUR40116 – Certificate IV in AutomotiveManagement
CRICOS Course Code: 091646G
|Unit Code
|Build customer relations in an automotive workplace
|Manage environmental and sustainability best practice in an automotive workplace
|Maintain business image in an automotive workplace
|Manage complex customer issues in an automotive workplace
|Manage a small team
|Implement and monitor WHS policies, procedures and programs to meet legislative requirement
|Conduct information sessions in an automotive workplace
|Maintain quality processes in an automotive workplace
|Lead effective workplace relationships
|Develop work priorities
Course Duration: This course will be delivered over 26week duration (6 Months) including holidays and breaks.
Delivery Mode: This course is delivered on face to face class room study on full time basis
Qualification Description:
This qualification covers the skills and knowledge required to perform management roles in an Automotive retail, service and repair environment.
Entry Requirements of the College:
- Year 12 certificate (Or its Equivalent for Overseas students)
- Students must be of 18 years of age to apply.
- English English Language Requirements. All International Students applying for courses at NMC must have a minimum English Language proficiency level of one of the following: You should qualify in ANY ONE (1) of the following: • IELTS overall band of 5.5 or equivalent; • TOEFL iBT test score band of 46 equivalent or above; • PTE Academic band score 42 equivalent or above; • Cambridge English Advanced (CAE) test score band of 47 equivalent or above; • OET score band Pass equivalent or above; • Successful completion of Senior Secondary certificate of education in Australia conducted in medium of English; • Completion of a full time studies in Australia towards a Certificate III level course or above; • English as the first language; • Satisfactory completion of the EAL course OR • Any other form of test which satisfies the Institution.
- Language, Literacy, and Numeracy (LLN) Test:
NMC will review all enrolment applications to ensure entry requirements are being met prior to acceptance into a course. As part of the enrolment process students are required to complete a Language, Literacy, and Numeracy (LLN) test to ensure that the student has the ability to complete the course. This test will occur prior to course commencement and will be assessed by a trainer/Assessor or an authorised NMC Delegate.
Note: Training package requirements: No entry requirements
There are no pre-requisites
Pathways for Students:
Participants are provided with advice on employment and training options throughout the delivery of the program.
Training Pathway
A possible training pathway for a student completing this qualification could be the following:
|AUR40116- Certificate IV in Automotive Management
|AUR50116- Diploma of Automotive Management
|Relevant Advanced Diploma Qualification
Credit Transfer may be gained on completion of this qualification for further study in related qualifications.
Employment Pathway
The Certificate IV in Automotive Management is intended to prepare new employees or recognise and develop existing workers who are performing management roles in the Automotive retail, service and repair industry.
Job roles related to this qualification include:
- business manager
- sales manager
- customer service manager
- workplace manager
- parts manager
Units of Competency and Delivery Hours
To be awarded this qualification, competency must be demonstrated in 10 units of competency, consisting of:
- 6 Core units ( C)
- 4 Elective units (E)
(Selected from http://training.gov.au/Training/Details/AUR40116)
Please note: Elective units have been selected as they have been identified as containing knowledge and skills appropriate for the industry.
RPL/Credit Transfer:
You can apply for recognition of prior learning, academic credit and work experience towards this qualification. During the course of your life you will develop a wide range of skills and knowledge. Through work, volunteer roles, family commitments and various tasks undertaken in everyday life, you are building up a bank of knowledge. The evidence of these skills and knowledge accumulated can be used to help you gain a qualification.
Example: Agra has been working as a motor mechanic in a workshop for 5 years, he never did get around completing his qualification, his employer asks him to complete his Certificate IV in Automotive Management, but he wasn't keen to study. In this case scenario North Melbourne College (NMC) can help Agra through the process and he could complete his qualification in less than a year.
Having a qualification helps:
- Enter the Workforce
- Re-Enter the workforce
- Change careers
- Get a Job or Promotion
Delivery Arrangements
This program is to be delivered in a classroom based environment at main campus at with an access to a NMC workplace or workshop located 84 Buckley St, Footscray Vic 3011 to receive practical industry training as part of the course training program. As a requirement of this course the students will also have access to all the required equipment and facilities of the automotive workshop facilities at Main campus. Each unit is delivered in a combination of face to face theory and demonstration sessions in the classroom and the automotive simulated workshop environment which is supported by practical group development and individual activities within the automotive environment.
Participants are provided with access to computers, printers, facsimiles, internet facilities, and stationery resources and communications equipment. Further resources will be sourced when required by participants.
RTO will provide a suitably equipped simulated workplace environment, classrooms and computer labs for training and assessment processes, as well as a range of additional resources that may be required.
Reading material snapshots available for Candidates
Hands on Training in Automotive Workshop
AUTOMOTIVE WORKSHOP: NMC Automotive workshop will provide hands on training for Automotive Students. Just to name a few features, the training centre consists of; working bases/Hoists with a comprehensive range of all the tools and equipment found in workshop facilities today. Three different vehicles to provide students with real life experience of vehicle maintenance and repair. Workshop which has been systematically sectioned with a several main areas to encourage and help students learn the different areas of vehicle service and repair. During the training hours, students are supervised at all times to ensure OHS procedures
For More information and to enrol, please Contact our friendly team at NMC on firstname.lastname@example.com
Assessment methods: NMC will use range of assessment methods while conducting assessments for this course which includes (but not limited to):
- Knowledge Quiz
- Written questions
- Case study
- Assignments and projects
- Skills demonstration in automotive workshop


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The SciGirls put together all the parts of their program, and test their Sphero and Arduino code with the dancers in a dress rehearsal. The girls find some problems with their program that need to be debugged, and work together to make sure everything is ready for the final performance.
Open-ended tools like PBS KIDS ScratchJr are a highly engaging way to support self-expression, creative thinking, and confidence building.
Meet multilingual coder and tango aficionado Carolina Pulido in this video from WPSU Penn State's "Women in Science Profiles" (WiSci Files). Carolina tries to find problems with her company's statistical software before any users do, and she can do that in five different languages!
Explore the structure and components of the activities available on this site.
Giocare ai videogiochi è divertente, ma vi siete mai chiesti come si fa a crearne uno? Carmelo, uno studente del MIT Media Lab, mostra come chiunque possa imparare a creare videogiochi, parlando ai computer attraverso i linguaggi di programmazione.
All learners are different! PBS KIDS ScratchJr is a tool that can support a wide variety of learning styles and interests.
What weird worlds are these video games creating?
This collection of tutorial videos highlight the various programming blocks used in Tree Problem: Lesson Plan | PBS KIDS ScratchJr. Use this media gallery as a reference as you follow the lesson plan, or when you are creating your own.
Katreena Mullican, Senior Architect and Cloud Whisperer at HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, explains the many facets of her career and how students can prepare themselves for a career in the computer science/computer programming field.
Meet Dr. Felecia Davis in this video from WPSU Penn State's "Women in Science Profiles" (WiSci Files). Felecia is an Assistant Professor of Architecture at Penn State University who combines art, technology, and science in her work with computational textiles—soft materials that can sense and respond to the world around them. In this video, Felecia talks about computational textiles and more with producer Cheraine Stanford and students from WPSU's viewing area in a live Q&A. This resource is part of the Women in Science Profiles Collection.

subset: commoncrawl


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Alfred & Ruth Ono Foundat
Status: Work
State: Hawaii
Post: 96816-4923
County: Honolulu
City: Honolulu
Address: 4510 Aukai Avenue
Phone: (808)735-1905
Fax: unknown
Email: unknown
Contact President: Alfred Ono
Web site: unknown
SIC code: 9999 Industry group: Nonclassified establishments, Business category: Nonclassified establishments, Subcategory: Nonclassified establishments
Description: Alfred & Ruth Ono Foundat is a business categorized under nonclassified establishments, which is part of the larger category nonclassified establishments. Alfred & Ruth Ono Foundat is located at the address 4510 Aukai Avenue in Honolulu, Hawaii 96816-4923. The President is Alfred Ono who can be contacted at (808)735-1905.
Review: Nonclassifiable Establishments
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about: Alfred & Ruth Ono Foundat (Nonclassified establishments)


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RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C. — Aaron S. Williams has been awarded Emeritus status, in recognition of his long and distinguished career in public service and 12-year contribution to RTI in international program management, policy reform, government relations and communications.
Emeritus status is the highest recognition that RTI bestows on its leaders and a reflection of the recipient's superior achievements. A reception held today at RTI's offices in Washington D.C. marks this career highlight for Williams who served as the 18th Director of the Peace Corps and 22 years as a foreign service officer.
"We are proud to bestow the status of 'Emeritus' on Aaron Williams, whose leadership contributions had significant and positive impacts on people around the world," said E. Wayne Holden, president and CEO of RTI. "Aaron's expertise with complex education, health and governance programs has led to innovative and enduring solutions."
Attending the reception and honoring Williams included colleagues, associates and friends, including Members of Congress, and representatives from the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS), the U.S. Global Leadership Coalition (USGLC), the Peace Corps, and the International Youth Foundation.
Speaking at the event, Paul Weisenfeld, executive vice president of RTI's International Development Group, said of Williams, "I am grateful to have spent more than 10 years working with Aaron at two organizations producing enormous impact – USAID and RTI. I am very proud of what Aaron has accomplished over decades of successes and challenges and honored to have had the opportunity to learn from him," Weisenfeld said.
Williams' long and distinguished career started as a Peace Corps volunteer in the Dominican Republic. Later at USAID, he rose to be a Career Minister in the Senior Foreign Service and was awarded the Distinguished Career Service Award and the Presidential Award for Distinguished Service. In 2009, President Barack Obama appointed Williams as Director of the U.S Peace Corps. Williams was confirmed by the United States Senate in August 2009 and served as director until September 2012. Under William's leadership, the Peace Corps' impact was expanded into Sierra Leone, Indonesia, Columbia, Tunisia, and Nepal. He also led the White House delegations to the 2012 presidential inauguration in Guatemala and to the bicentennial celebration of the independence of Paraguay in 2011.
Williams is the recipient of honorary doctorate degrees from American University, the Monterey Institute of International Studies, North Central College, St. Mary's College and received the UCLA medal for exceptionally distinguished academic and professional achievement. Currently, he is an adjunct professor at the University of North Carolina – Gillings School of Public Health.
A member of the Council on Foreign Relations, Williams serves on the Board of Directors of the Ron Brown Scholar Program, Seed Global Health, Child Fund International and George Washington University – Elliott Scholl of International Affairs' Advisory Board. He has also served on the boards of directors of the U.S. Global Leadership Campaign, CARE, the National Peace Corps Association, and the Institute for Sustainable Communities. Other career highlights include serving on the Obama-Biden transition team, and an appointment by President Barack Obama as the U.S. Alternative Representative to the executive board of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).


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Web Developer - Richmond
Web Developer - Richmond
Salem Media GroupRichmond | Posted: 8 months ago
This job is expired and may no longer be accepting applications.A good eye for design and UX. PHP or Go skills are a plus. A great team player. Relentless work ethic. Reside near or willing to relocate to the Richmond, VA area. Mean table tennis top-spin ...


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Happy Friday the 13th, Check out some great Jason shorts!!
Happy Friday the 13th from all of us at Gruemonkey. Enjoy these Fan films: . . . . . . . . . . Continue Reading
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UNITED STATES of America, Appellee, v. Curtis TAYLOR, Antonio Rosario, aka Chickee, Samuel Vasquez, aka Rock, Defendants–Appellants.
Curtis Taylor, Antonio Rosario, and Samuel Vasquez appeal judgments of conviction entered in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York (Marrero, J.) for conspiracy to commit Hobbs Act robbery and brandishing a firearm during a crime of violence, among other offenses related to the robbery of a pharmacy in midtown Manhattan. Taylor, who claims to have attempted suicide by pills as he was arrested, argues that he was incapacitated when he incriminated himself post-arrest, and that the court's decision to admit those statements into evidence violated his rights under Miranda v. Arizona, 384 U.S. 436 (1966), and the Due Process Clause of the Constitution. Rosario and Vasquez, who raise separate issues, join Taylor's challenge to the extent that Taylor's confession was used against them, and appeal the denial of their motion to sever on the ground that Taylor's statements caused prejudicial spillover and violated the confrontation right protected under Bruton v. United States, 391 U.S. 123 (1968).
This is a close case. Even assuming that Taylor's initial waiver of his Miranda rights was knowing and voluntary, Taylor was largely stupefied when he made his post-arrest statements, as confirmed by the testimony of the law enforcement agents and the pretrial services officer who interviewed him, and by the evaluations of staff psychologists at the Metropolitan Correctional Center ("MCC"). The agents and officer testified that Taylor fell asleep repeatedly during questioning and was only intermittently alert. Although their testimony also suggests—and the district court found—that Taylor's incriminating statements were made in relatively lucid intervals, Taylor was impaired throughout, and his interrogators took undue advantage of that impairment by continuing to question him. We therefore conclude that Taylor's post-arrest statements were not voluntary. We further conclude that admitting those statements into evidence was not harmless. His conviction is therefore vacated and remanded for a new trial. And because the admission of Taylor's statements, to the extent they could be used against Rosario and Vasquez, was not harmless error as to them, their convictions are also vacated and remanded for a new trial.
On Christmas Eve 2008, Vasquez drove Taylor and Rosario from the Bronx to midtown Manhattan to rob a pharmacy. With them was Luana Miller, a drug addict from Mississippi with an extensive criminal history.
En route, Miller called the pharmacy and asked them to stay open for a few minutes past 5:00 PM, so that she could pick up a prescription. At the pharmacy, Miller went in first, posing as a customer. As she spoke with the pharmacist, Rosario burst in the door brandishing a gun, screaming that it was a robbery, and demanding OxyContin: a powerful opioid for pain that is often resold illegally. The two took more than $12,000 of controlled substances, as well as cash and subway cards, while Taylor stood lookout at the front door and Vasquez waited in the getaway car. The crew then drove back to the Bronx. Cell phone records for Taylor, Rosario, and Vasquez show that they were in the Bronx that afternoon, traveled to midtown Manhattan just before 5:00 PM, stayed near the pharmacy until just after the robbery, and then returned to the Bronx.
While executing a warrant at the home of Miller's boyfriend in January 2009, police arrested her on outstanding warrants. Fearing extradition to Mississippi, she offered to cooperate with the government's investigation of the pharmacy robbery, and led police to Taylor, Rosario, and Vasquez.
Around 6:00 AM on April 9, 2009, over 25 NYPD and FBI agents came to Taylor's apartment to effect his arrest. Taylor claims that, amid the ensuing chaos, he attempted suicide by taking a bottle-full of Xanax pills. Taylor's daughter testified that her mother (who died before trial) reported the overdose to an officer who dismissed her and told her to "shut up." Still, the record is less than clear as to whether Taylor actually took the pills, and as to whether officers were told of his overdose.
Around 9:30 that morning, Taylor was interviewed at FBI headquarters in downtown Manhattan by New York City Police Department Detective Ralph Burch, a member of an FBI/New York health care fraud task force. Taylor signed a form waiving his Miranda rights, and went on to give a lengthy statement confessing his involvement in the robbery.
Taylor argues that he was falling asleep and was at times unconscious during the interview. Detective Burch said that it seemed like Taylor's body was "somewhat shutting down" during the two- to three-hour interview. Supplemental App. 51. On the other hand, Burch testified that, though Taylor nodded off at times, he was "coherent" and "fluid" when he was awake and speaking:
Mr. Taylor at times was nodding off during the interview. When we asked Mr. Taylor to listen up, that we were asking him questions, he would respond that he knew what he was being asked and he would repeat the questions back to us to show that he was understanding what was being asked of him and knew what was going on.
Id. at 45. Detective Burch clarified that Taylor did not need to be awakened during the interview; he just had to be "refocused." Id. at 46. "He seemed like he was dozing off, and we had to stress did he understand what was going on. ․ [I]t was my impression that he knew what was going on then." Id.
Taylor was later taken to a hospital for medical clearance before his transfer into the custody of the Marshals Service. FBI Special Agent Ian Tomas, who was also involved in the interrogation, explained that Taylor was taken to the hospital because "[t]here was some talk about him on some medication and possibly an injury he had sustained previous at a construction site." Id. at 137. Agent Tomas clarified that the hospital visit was necessary because there was some question as to whether the Marshals Service would take custody of someone who "might be off": "We felt that his do[z]ing off might be a reason the marshals wouldn't accept the custody of Mr. Taylor." Id. at 160. Taylor spent the rest of the day at the hospital sleeping, but he did not receive medical attention. He was transferred to the MCC later that evening.
The next morning, April 10, Taylor met with MCC staff psychologists. The MCC's chief psychologist, Dr. Elissa Miller, explained that they wanted to evaluate Taylor before his arraignment because they knew of Taylor's earlier schizophrenia diagnosis and several prior attempts at suicide. According to Dr. Miller (who reported on findings by staff psychologists), Taylor "presented with a thought disorder," drooled, was vague, stared blankly, and "[h]is thoughts lacked spontaneity." Id. at 110. Miller testified that "if you asked him questions, he really couldn't elaborate on them because his thought process was impaired." Id. at 111.
Taylor also told one of the staff psychologists that "the day he was arrested by the FBI, he took multiple Xanax pills in an attempt to kill himself because he had promised himself that he would never go back to jail." Id. at 113. Miller recounted that, "[a]s a result of taking all those Xanax pills, he said he wasn't waking up and he went to the hospital." Id.
He was then taken to the courthouse for arraignment. While awaiting arrival of a pretrial services officer, Taylor told Agent Tomas that "he wanted to clear up some issues about the charges that he was presented with." Id. at 139. Agent Tomas took Taylor to an interview room and again advised him of his Miranda rights; Taylor confessed to the robbery again.
Around 12:30 PM that day, Taylor met with Dennis Khilkevich, a pretrial services officer. Khilkevich testified that when he arrived to interview Taylor, Taylor "appeared sleepy and had to be awakened to be interviewed." Id. at 319. "He was sitting in a chair and he appeared as if he was asleep or he was taking a nap." Id. Khilkevich stopped the interview because Taylor "repeatedly fell asleep in the chair." Id. at 320. When the interview resumed, Taylor "was initially responsive maybe for several minutes," but "[t]hen he continued to fall asleep." Id . "He had to be woken up and he would be responsive for a few minutes and then he would go to sleep again." Id. Khilkevich eventually finished the interview, explaining that Taylor was awake and coherent "[a]t times." Id. at 323.
As to the other defendants:
• Rosario was also arrested on April 9, 2009, and waived his Miranda rights. He claimed at first that he was in the hospital the day of the robbery, but then said he had actually been at his girlfriend's house in Queens. When told that a surveillance video showed a suspect like him, Rosario laughed and ambiguously said "yeah." Trial Transcript ("Tr.") 571.
• Vasquez was arrested a day earlier, on April 8, after surveillance linked him to the car believed to have been used in the pharmacy robbery. When arrested, he was carrying car keys, a cell phone, and a piece of paper listing various milligram doses of oxycodone and OxyContin, along with the number of pills of each dose. Vasquez gave no statement to police.
The indictment charged the three with (1) conspiracy to commit Hobbs Act robbery, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 1951(b)(1); (2) Hobbs Act robbery; and (3) use, possession, and brandishing of a firearm during a crime of violence, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 924(c)(1)(A)(ii). Taylor was additionally charged with (4) fraudulent acquisition of controlled substances by passing forged prescriptions, in violation of 21 U.S.C. § 843(a)(3).
Taylor moved to suppress his two post-arrest statements on the ground that his Miranda waivers and his post-arrest statements were neither knowing nor voluntary. The testimony summarized above was given at the suppression hearing (starting April 23, 2010, continuing May 4, 2010, and concluding May 6, 2010). The district court denied suppression of Taylor's post-arrest statements, finding that the government sustained its burden of proving that Taylor's Miranda waivers were "informed and voluntary." Supplemental App. 385. The court found that the testimony of the law enforcement agents was consistent, corroborated, and truthful. Id. at 386–87.
The court rejected the argument that Taylor's incapacitation rendered his post-arrest statements involuntary:
[T]he defense does not allege that the government failed to read Mr. Taylor [his] rights before questioning began or any other coercion. Even were the Court to assume that Mr. Taylor ingested a large quantity of Xanax shortly before his arrest, the Court credits the testimony from the government's witnesses that Mr. Taylor was sufficiently lucid during the questioning that his waiver of Miranda rights was knowing and voluntary.
The fact that there is evidence that Mr. Taylor nodded off from time to time during the questioning does not persuade the Court that during those portions of the testimony when he was awake and lucid he could not have voluntarily and knowingly waived his Miranda rights.
Id. at 387–88. The district court went on to explain that it did "not equate nodding off intermittently with total psychotic episodes of hallucination and other extreme circumstances that might throw greater doubt on the defendant's ability to voluntarily and knowingly waive his rights." Id. at 388.
Taylor's statements, which implicated Rosario and Vasquez, were redacted at trial to remove their names. The jury was instructed that Taylor's statements should be considered only as to Taylor.
In December 2010, the jury convicted on all counts. Taylor was sentenced principally to 200 months' imprisonment, Rosario was sentenced principally to 180 months, and Vasquez was sentenced principally to 170 months. They all filed timely notices of appeal.
The main issue on appeal is whether Taylor's Miranda waivers on April 9 and April 10, and his post-arrest statements on each of those dates, were knowing and voluntary. "We review a district court's determination regarding the constitutionality of a Miranda waiver de novo and a district court's underlying factual findings for clear error." United States v. Carter, 489 F.3d 528, 534 (2d Cir.2007).
A statement made by the accused "during a custodial interrogation is inadmissible at trial unless the prosecution can establish that the accused in fact knowingly and voluntarily waived [Miranda ] rights when making the statement." Berghuis v. Thompkins, 560 U.S. 370, 382 (2010) (internal quotation marks omitted). "The existence of a knowing and voluntary waiver does not, however, guarantee that all subsequent statements were voluntarily made." In re Terrorist Bombings of U.S. Embassies in E. Afr., 552 F.3d 177, 211–12 (2d Cir.2008); see also Dickerson v. United States, 530 U.S. 428, 444 (2000) ("The requirement that Miranda warnings be given does not, of course, dispense with the voluntariness inquiry.").
We look at the totality of circumstances surrounding a Miranda waiver and any subsequent statements to determine knowledge and voluntariness. See Oregon v. Elstad, 470 U.S. 298, 309 (1985). In that context, "knowing" means with full awareness of the nature of the right being abandoned and the consequences of abandoning it, and "voluntary" means by deliberate choice free from intimidation, coercion, or deception. United States v. Plugh, 648 F.3d 118, 127 (2d Cir.2011), cert. denied, 132 S.Ct. 1610 (2012). The government bears the burden of proof. Colorado v. Connelly, 479 U.S. 157, 168–69 (1986).
The analysis applicable to April 9 differs somewhat from the analysis applicable to April 10.
April 9. In general, a suspect who reads, acknowledges, and signs an "advice of rights" form before making a statement has knowingly and voluntarily waived Miranda rights. See Plugh, 648 F.3d at 127–28. Before making his statement on April 9, Taylor was read Miranda rights using an "advice of rights" form. He was read every right, voiced his understanding, and signed the form. At the time, according to Detective Burch, Taylor had a "fluid" demeanor, "knew what was going on," and "understood what was happening." Supplemental App. 15. This evidence, credited by the district court, supports the conclusion that Taylor knowingly and voluntarily waived his Miranda rights before speaking with law enforcement on April 9.
But even accepting that Taylor's April 9 Miranda waiver was knowing and voluntary, we must nonetheless determine whether the inculpatory statements themselves were voluntary. Dickerson, 530 U.S. at 444. "A confession is not voluntary when obtained under circumstances that overbear the defendant's will at the time it is given." United States v. Anderson, 929 F.2d 96, 99 (2d Cir.1991). The voluntariness inquiry should examine "the totality of all the surrounding circumstances, including the accused's characteristics, the conditions of interrogation, and the conduct of law enforcement officials." Id. An individual's mental state should be considered in the voluntariness inquiry to the extent it allowed law enforcement to coerce the individual. Connelly, 479 U.S. at 164–65; see also United States v. Salameh, 152 F.3d 88, 117 (2d Cir.1998) (per curiam).
The record indicates that Taylor's statement of April 9 was made when he was unable to summon the will to make a knowing and voluntary decision; his will was overborne.
It is difficult to determine whether a confession is voluntary; case law "yield[s] no talismanic definition" for the term. Schneckloth v. Bustamonte, 412 U.S. 218, 224 (1973). It is clear, however, that when "a person is unconscious or drugged or otherwise lacks capacity for conscious choice," a confession cannot be voluntary. Id. (internal quotation marks omitted); see also United States ex rel. Burns v. LaVallee, 436 F.2d 1352, 1355–56 (2d Cir.1970) (holding a written confession to be involuntary when given "after over eighteen hours of uninterrupted custodial interrogation, after he had been without sleep, and almost without food, for thirty hours").
Taylor claims he was mentally incapacitated during the April 9 interview because of the quantity of Xanax pills he ingested immediately before his arrest. That claim finds support in the record. Detective Burch testified that Taylor's body "was somewhat shutting down," and that "at that time that he was answering questions ․ his body was giving up on him." Supplemental App. 51. The district court credited this testimony. Granted, Burch also testified that, when Taylor was speaking, he was "coherent" and understood what was going on when he was not nodding off. Id. But it nonetheless appears that Taylor fell asleep at least two or three times during the interview, and the officers repeatedly had to awaken him, or (to use the nicer term) "refocus" him—at one point coaxing him, "Mr. Taylor, you have to answer our questions and focus with us." Id. at 47. Agent Tomas corroborated that Taylor was "a little bit out of it" and dozing off. Id. at 158–61.
In Mincey v. Arizona, 437 U.S. 385 (1978), statements by a defendant who was hospitalized were ruled involuntary. The Court observed that the defendant was in intensive care for a serious wound and was "evidently confused and unable to think clearly about either the events of that afternoon or the circumstances of his interrogation." Id. at 398. The statements were "the result of virtually continuous questioning of a seriously and painfully wounded man on the edge of consciousness." Id. at 401; see also id. ("But despite [the accused's] entreaties to be let alone, [the police officer] ceased the interrogation only during intervals when [the accused] lost consciousness or received medical treatment, and after each such interruption returned relentlessly to his task.").
On the other hand, in Salameh, we rejected a claim that a statement was involuntary, even though the accused claimed that prior to being taken into U.S. custody, he had been incarcerated in Egypt and tortured for ten days. 152 F.3d at 117. Despite the accused's weakened mental state, his statements were voluntary because he did "not contend that federal agents either mentally or physically coerced his remarks during that interrogation." Id.; see also Plugh, 648 F.3d at 128 (statements voluntary because defendant "was never threatened physically or psychologically abused in any manner, or made any type of promises such that his will was overborne") (internal quotation marks omitted).
One difference between Mincey and Salameh is the presence in Mincey of police overreaching, see Connelly, 479 U.S. at 157 (stressing the "crucial element of police overreaching" in assessing voluntariness), and that is no doubt a difficult issue here. Continued questioning of a sleep-deprived suspect can be coercive, depending on the circumstances, see, e.g., Mincey, 437 U.S. at 401; LaVallee, 436 F.2d at 1355–56; but the decisive issue is whether the will was "overborne" by the police, so that the defendant is not using such faculties as he has. The conditions in which Taylor was questioned do not appear to have been abusive;1 but there is little difference in effect between sleep deprivation as a technique and the relentless questioning of a person who is obviously unable to focus or stay awake for some other reason.
The district court credited testimony that Taylor was coherent at times. One such interval is when Taylor signed the "advice of rights" form on April 9, a finding that we do not disturb. But as that interview progressed, it became clear to the officers (as their testimony confirms) that Taylor was in and out of consciousness while giving his statement, and in a trance or a stupor most of the time when not actually asleep. Thus, the officers' persistent questioning took undue advantage of Taylor's diminished mental state, and ultimately overbore his will. Accordingly, we conclude that Taylor's statement on April 9 was not voluntary and should have been suppressed.
April 10. On the morning of April 10, Taylor himself initiated contact with law enforcement by notifying Agent Tomas that "he wanted to clear up some issues about the charges that he was presented with." Supplemental App. 139. He was then orally re-advised of his rights, orally waived them, and gave an additional statement, altering some aspects of his April 9 account. Although Taylor continued to slip in and out of consciousness that day, Agent Tomas testified that, when speaking to the agents mid-morning, Taylor was "much more alert" than he had been the day before.2 Id. at 139–42. But because Taylor's first confession on April 9 was the product of coercion, we must determine whether his second waiver and confession, fewer than twenty-four hours later, were rendered involuntary based, at least in part, on the "taint clinging to the first confession." Anderson, 929 F.2d at 102.
"[T]he use of coercive and improper tactics in obtaining an initial confession may warrant a presumption of compulsion as to a second one, even if the latter was obtained after properly administered Miranda warnings." Tankleff v. Senkowski, 135 F.3d 235, 245 (2d Cir.1998) (internal quotation marks omitted). That is so because, "after an accused has once let the cat out of the bag by confessing, no matter what the inducement, he is never thereafter free of the psychological and practical disadvantages of having confessed." United States v. Bayer, 331 U.S. 532, 540 (1947).
"In deciding whether a second confession has been tainted by the prior coerced statement, 'the time that passes between confessions, the change in place of interrogations, and the change in identity of interrogators all bear on whether that coercion has carried over into the second confession.' " Anderson, 929 F.2d at 102 (quoting Elstad, 470 U.S. at 310). Less than a day passed between Taylor's first and second confessions, and in that interval, Taylor was hospitalized or unconscious most of the time. Although the venue of the interrogations differed, Agent Tomas was present at both—and it was to Agent Tomas that Taylor addressed his request to "clear up some issues." The taint of the prior involuntary confession carried over to Taylor's second waiver and statement, burdening both with a "presumption of compulsion." Tankleff, 135 F.3d at 245.
That presumption is reinforced by uncontradicted testimony regarding Taylor's lingering mental incapacity on April 10. Taylor continued to doze off that morning and was alert only "at times." Supplemental App. 162. Just before the April 10 interview, FBI Special Agent Steven Jensen saw Taylor "slouched in his chair, and he appeared to be sleeping." Id. at 247. When asked for how long Taylor was sleeping, Agent Jensen explained that it was "in excess of minutes." Id.
Although the record does not suggest that Taylor fell asleep during the April 10 interview, there is evidence that, throughout the day on April 10, Taylor remained in a fog. Dr. Miller reported that Taylor was mentally impaired on the morning of April 10 and could not adequately respond to questions:
When he was seen, he presented with a thought disorder. He was noted to be picking at his nails. He was drooling. He was vague in his responses to questioning. He presented with what we call a flat affect ․ just kind of flat and blank-face stare.
He could not elaborate on questions asked. His thoughts lacked spontaneity. His speech was vague. When we would ask him certain questions about whether he was hearing voices, he couldn't really elaborate on his responses.
Id. at 110. Dr. Miller also reported the observation made by psychologists in her division: "[I]f you asked him questions, he really couldn't elaborate on them because his thought process was impaired." Id. at 111.
Dennis Khilkevich, a pretrial services officer who interviewed Taylor at around 12:30 PM on April 10, found Taylor drowsy and in need of rousing. See id. at 319 ("He was sitting in a chair and he appeared as if he was asleep or taking a nap."). When Khilkevich tired of waking him up, he suspended the interview; and when he resumed, Taylor continued to fall asleep between short intervals of consciousness, so Khilkevich ended the questioning.
The district court did not discredit the testimony of Dr. Miller or Khilkevich.
Evidence of Taylor's continued incapacity on April 10, coupled with the taint of his prior confession, renders his second waiver and statement involuntary. Considering the totality of circumstances, we conclude that Taylor's inculpatory statement on April 10 should have been suppressed.3
Next we consider whether the error in admitting those statements was harmless. Arizona v. Fulminante, 499 U.S. 279, 310–11 (1991) (Rehnquist, C.J., writing for a majority as to harmless error analysis); see also Zappulla v. New York, 391 F.3d 462, 466 (2d Cir.2004). "When reviewing the erroneous admission of an involuntary confession, the appellate court, as it does with the admission of other forms of improperly admitted evidence, simply reviews the remainder of the evidence against the defendant to determine whether the admission of the confession was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt." Fulminante, 499 U.S. at 310 (emphasis added).
"Is it clear beyond a reasonable doubt that a rational jury would have found the defendant guilty absent the error?" Neder v.. United States, 527 U.S. 1, 18 (1999). "[T]he court conducting a harmless-error inquiry must appreciate the indelible impact a full confession may have on the trier of fact," Fulminante, 499 U.S. at 313 (Kennedy, J., concurring); indeed, "it may be devastating to a defendant," Id. at 312 (Rehnquist, C.J., writing for a majority as to harmless error analysis). We consider the following (nonexclusive) factors in determining whether the erroneous admission of a confession was harmless: "(1) the overall strength of the prosecution's case; (2) the prosecutor's conduct with respect to the improperly admitted evidence; (3) the importance of the wrongly admitted testimony; and (4) whether such evidence was cumulative of other properly admitted evidence." Zappulla, 391 F.3d at 468.
The admission of Taylor's involuntary confessions was not harmless error beyond a reasonable doubt. (1) Taylor's confessions were a critical part of the prosecution's case. The case against Taylor otherwise rested on the testimony of Luana Miller and cell-site records. Miller's testimony was subject to attack, as Taylor claims, because of her criminal past and because she had much to gain from cooperating with the government. Further, while the cell-site records corroborate Miller's account of their movements, no other witness or physical evidence links Taylor to the crime. (2) The prosecution emphasized Taylor's confessions throughout trial, including at opening and closing, and had both statements read to the jury in full. (3) & (4) Taylor's confessions were important to the case, corroborating Miller's critical testimony. Further, a confession is recognized to have greater impact than the same testimony given by another witness. See, e.g., Fulminante, 499 U.S. at 312–13. Given the weight that a jury may accord a confession, as well as the other relevant factors, the admission of Taylor's post-arrest statements was not harmless.
In sum, Taylor confessed while in a stupor, his will was overborne, his statements were not voluntarily made, and they should have been suppressed. Considering the other evidence against Taylor and the important role that his confessions played at trial, this was not harmless error. We therefore vacate Taylor's conviction and remand for a new trial.4
To the extent that Taylor's confessions were used against them, Rosario and Vasquez join Taylor's challenge based on the voluntariness of Taylor's confessions.5 The question is whether the admission of those statements was harmless as to Rosario and Vasquez. We conclude that it was not.
It matters that the district court gave limiting instructions. The court instructed that "[s]ome evidence is admitted for a limited purpose only," and pointed specifically to "certain statements that law enforcement agents testified were made to them by Mr. Taylor and Mr. Rosario and that were admitted only as to the particular defendant who made the statement." Vasquez App. 220. The court later reinforced that instruction:
As I instructed you previously, evidence of statements that law enforcement agents testified were made by a particular defendant was admitted with respect to that particular defendant alone, and if you find that the statements were made, may not be considered or discussed by you in any way with respect to any other defendant when you begin your deliberations.
Id. at 227; see also id. at 177 ("The evidence of alleged statements made by Curtis Taylor to law enforcement is admitted with respect to Curtis Taylor alone and may not be considered or discussed by you in any way with respect to either of the other defendants․").
We normally assume that jurors follow limiting instructions. See, e.g., United States v. Jass, 569 F.3d 47, 55 (2d Cir.2009). But a confession by one co-defendant in a joint trial poses substantial risk for the other co-defendants notwithstanding such an instruction. See Bruton v. United States, 391 U.S. 123, 135–36 (1968). In Bruton, the Supreme Court recognized the risks posed by "powerfully incriminating extrajudicial statements of a co-defendant, who stands accused side-by-side with the defendant," which are then "deliberately spread before the jury in a joint trial." Id. Such limiting instructions call for "a mental gymnastic which is beyond, not only [the jury's] powers, but anybody's else." Nash v. United States, 54 F.2d 1006, 1007 (2d Cir.1932) (L.Hand, J.). The risk is heightened when the circumstances deprive a defendant of the constitutional right to confront the witnesses against him, which may result in Bruton error. See Gray v. Maryland, 523 U.S. 185, 196 (1998).
With this risk in mind, we turn to examine whether the erroneous admission of Taylor's statements was harmless as to Rosario and Vasquez—that is, whether it is clear beyond a reasonable doubt that a rational jury would have found Rosario and Vasquez guilty absent the error. Again we consider, among other things: (1) the strength of the prosecution's case, (2) the prosecutor's conduct with respect to the statements, (3) the importance of the statements, and (4) whether the statements were cumulative of other evidence. Zappulla, 391 F.3d at 468.
As to Rosario, the prosecution's case was relatively strong, but relied chiefly on the testimony of Miller, which was subject to credibility attack, and on the cell-site records. The government also relied on surveillance video footage from inside the pharmacy and the testimony of the pharmacist working during the robbery. However, the record suggests that the face on the videotape was partially covered; the pharmacist was unable to identify Rosario as the assailant; and Rosario's post-arrest statement mostly denied involvement in the robbery.6 Taylor's confession was critical to the prosecution because it corroborated Miller's account and definitively placed Rosario at the scene of the crime, in possession of a firearm. We cannot conclude beyond a reasonable doubt that a rational jury would have convicted Rosario absent Taylor's statements.7
As to Vasquez, the government's case was somewhat weaker, again relied heavily on the cell-site records, and drew its strength from Taylor's statements. The government's other evidence was a piece of paper found on Vasquez's person when he was arrested, with oxycodone and OxyContin listed and annotated with numbers; and the testimony of an officer who saw Taylor, Rosario, and Vasquez together in Vasquez's car, which was allegedly used during the robbery. The piece of paper is likely a drug ledger, but no evidence tied it to the pharmacy robbery, and the only evidence putting Vasquez's car at the scene of the crime was testimony by Miller and the statements of Taylor. For the same reasons reviewed above, we cannot conclude beyond a reasonable doubt that a rational jury would have convicted Vasquez had Taylor's statements been properly excluded.8
We therefore hold that the admission of Taylor's involuntary confessions was not harmless error as to Rosario and Vasquez, and vacate their convictions and remand for a new trial.9
Rosario and Vasquez also argue that the admission of Taylor's post-arrest statements violated their rights under the Confrontation Clause because they had no opportunity to cross-examine Taylor and because his statements adverted to them. See Bruton v. United States, 391 U.S. 123 (1968). Because we have vacated the convictions of Rosario and Vasquez on separate grounds, we need not reach their claim of Bruton error.
For the foregoing reasons, we vacate the convictions and remand for a new trial.
1. The law enforcement agents, though persistent in interrogating Taylor and summoning him to alertness as he continued to fall asleep, do not appear to have acted maliciously or abusively during the interrogation.
2. As discussed further below, the question is not free of doubt.
3. When it appears that a defendant is malingering, the voluntariness calculus should be vastly different. Here, all the witnesses support the account that Taylor was actually slipping in and out of consciousness during the April 9 interview, and immediately before and after the April 10 interview.
4. Aside from Counts One, Two, and Three of the indictment, which stemmed from the pharmacy robbery (of which all three defendants were convicted), Taylor was also convicted of making a misrepresentation to obtain OxyContin (Count Four). The government relied heavily on Taylor's confession in proving this offense. Accordingly, we vacate all of Taylor's counts of conviction, under the same harmless error analysis.
5. Vasquez explicitly joins Taylor's arguments. While Rosario failed to explicitly join, we exercise our discretion and construe Rosario's appeal to include those arguments made by Taylor that may be applicable to Rosario. See Fed. R.App. P. 2 ("On its own or a party's motion, a court of appeals may—to expedite its decision or for other good cause—suspend any provision of these rules in a particular case․"); United States v. Babwah, 972 F.2d 30, 35 (2d Cir.1992) ("Fed. R.App. P. 2 gives a Court of Appeals the discretion to overlook [a failure to raise an argument on appeal] if manifest injustice otherwise would result.").
6. After at first claiming he was elsewhere, Rosario laughed and said "yeah" when law enforcement told him that surveillance video showed a suspect that looked like him in the pharmacy.
7. Although Rosario's conviction is vacated on this ground, it may matter on remand that his challenge to the admissibility of Miller's testimony under Rule 404(b) is without merit. Miller's testimony about plans to commit a pharmacy robbery related to the crime at issue in this case, and the district court did not abuse its discretion by admitting the evidence as relevant background. See United States v. Greer, 631 F.3d 608, 614 (2d Cir.2011).
8. Vasquez raises two other arguments on appeal that may have some bearing on the proceedings upon remand. First, Vasquez argues that the district court erred by limiting his cross-examination of Miller on the circumstances surrounding Rosario's possession of a gun. Second, Vasquez argues that the district court delivered an unbalanced jury instruction on the significance of the ledger found in his pocket after his arrest. We see no abuse of discretion on either score.
9. The Supreme Court recently decided that any fact that increases the mandatory minimum sentence—including whether a defendant "brandished" a firearm in connection with a crime of violence—is an element of the offense that must be found by a jury beyond a reasonable doubt. Alleyne v. United States, 133 S.Ct. 2151 (June 17, 2013). After briefing and oral argument were complete, Taylor and Vasquez sought to raise this issue on appeal, but because we are vacating their convictions on other grounds, we need not reach it. In any event, the jury did find brandishing beyond a reasonable doubt. See, e.g., Verdict Form 5; Tr. 1194.
DENNIS JACOBS, Circuit Judge:


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Blog has been moved.
http://steven-universe.wikia.com/wiki/User_blog:Ayth333/New_(Fake)_Gems!Read more >
In the second post of my new blog Gem Theory, I'll be shining a light on some crazy evil gem evidence.
Welcome to Gem Theory!
My speculation into evil gems started after it was confirmed thyere had been a Gem War. Pearl says the strawberry field used to be a Gem battlefield. Did the Gems kill each other to near extinction?
That's when I started thinking about every single bad guy with a gem reference. That was almost every bad guy or evil/crazy item.
Even in the first episode, the Mother Centipeedle has a gem. Though there is no reference to it while fighting, when the house is infested by baby centipeedles, Amethyst says "These ones don't have a gem!" and Garnet says there must be a mother.
So the mothers do have gems. But tha…Read more >
Hello and welcome to the first post on my new blog Gem Theory.
I know this topic "Garnet's Weapon" is a bit specific, but I'll be doing way more posts.
For a start, it's pretty cool that Garnet's gloves are made of Garnet. I mean, Amethyst had a whip with Amethysts, Pearl had a pearl on her staff, so it makes sense that Garnet has Garnet weapons.
Later I'll be talking about Gem Meanings more, because Steven is the Defensive gem, wanting to protect everyone etc. The weapons also relate to this topic. But what does Garnet's mean?
We don't know much about Garnet's personality. She likes being the leader, (Gem Glow) and she is very serious about nothing stopping the mission (Cat Fingers).
Unlike a lot of theories I came up with, this one is pretty …Read more >
Okay. The next episode that will be aired is "Lion 2: The Movie." This episode has Connie in it (A CHARACTER WE WANNA KNOW MORE OF). Sooo... I wanted to see what crazy things people can make up about it. LETS SEE GUYS, WHADAYYA YOU THINK WILL HAPPEN?Read more >
What are your favorite WACKY and WILD movies, TV, and comics? Tell us here!
Calling fans of all things Wacky and Wild! Wikia recently posted a Wacky & Wild Entertainment Guide showcasing some of the latest and greatest in off-the-wall entertainment. Check out the guide and share your favorite favorite wacky and wild movies, shows, and comics in the comments!Read more >
Steven And Amethyst (Half-Hour Special)
Plot: Steven is looking for his new biscuits when Garnet tries to help Steven, but Garnet heard there was a trouble in the temple, so Steven calls Amethyst to help, then Steven found it on his closet, the closet didn't open when Steven and Amethyst is inside the closet, Steven and Amethyst tried to open it, but doesn't really open, Steven and Amethyst must find another way out, passages, tunnels, underground, and other places in the temple, Pearl tries to look for Steven, will Steven and Amethyst get out.
Stevana (Part 1)
Plot: After Steven found out that there's a mirror that makes you a girl, when a girl, it makes you a boy, Steven tries the mirror, but Pearl told Steven to don't ever do that again, b…Read more >
Hey i just watched the new sword episode of Steven Universe, and i noticed a weird toy that steven had, it was sonic, i dont know if it was just a coincidence, or what, tell me if im the only on who seen it.Read more >
Okay, so as we are speedily heading towards having Transcripts for all available episodes, I feel like such information would be best suited being put on each episode page. That way, anyone looking up that episode, could not only get the general plot, but track down specific quotes as well or confirm something they thought a character said, etc. The ways in which the exact dialogue w/ context can be used, I feel, are boundless. Am I bias here? Well, yeah, I did write the majority of them (not to exclude the tremendous help of people such as AwesomeSteven and Pearl is Awesome), but there is no denying it would be a great tool for not only the casual wiki wonderer, but users as well. (if specific info is needed).
Placement? I was thinking som…Read more >
Dear Supersonic2013,
Rebbeca Sugar came from the Adventure Time set, so a crossover COULD happen....but it won't.
Adventure Time is in the year aprox. 2120. SU is probably current time, 2014. I doubt they even would be able to make a story.
So, goodbye,
TheGamerNetwork2011 (Who did not make it in 2011)Read more >
So, I was just thinking about how annoyed and upset I am during hiatuses. I wasn't really such a big fan of SU until Bubble Buddies, so only from S.L. to A.M. and O.T to S.T.S.F. Then I thought: If I think this is bad, how grumpy will I be between seasons?Read more >


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On on at present time and age, March 15 …
2019: As a minimal 49 folks are killed and 20 severely injured in mass shootings at two mosques in the Contemporary Zealand city of Christchurch.
Furthermore on on at present time and age:
- 44 B.C.: Julius Caesar is assassinated by a neighborhood of nobles that included Brutus and Cassius.
- 1493: Christopher Columbus arrives support in the Spanish harbor of Palos de la Frontera, two months after concluding his first voyage to the Western Hemisphere.
- 1913: President Woodrow Wilson meets with about 100 reporters for the predominant formal presidential press conference.
- 1916: A U.S. expeditionary pressure led by Brig. Gen. John J. Pershing enters Mexico on an in the end futile mission to scheme end Pancho Villa, whose raiders attacked Columbus, N.M., killing 18 U.S. electorate.
- 1919: Contributors of the American Expeditionary Force from World Struggle I convene in Paris for a 3-day meeting to set the American Legion.
- 1937: The US's first health facility blood financial institution opens at Cook dinner County Medical institution in Illinois.
- 1944: One day of World Struggle II, Allied bombers again raid German-held Monte Cassino.
- 1956: The Lerner and Loewe musical, "My Heavenly Girl," according to Bernard Shaw's "Pygmalion," opens on Broadway.
- 1977: The U.S. House of Representatives begins a 90-day closed-circuit test to search out out the feasibility of showing its classes on tv.
- 1977: The jam comedy "Three's Company," starring John Ritter, Joyce DeWitt and Suzanne Somers, premieres on ABC-TV.
- 1985: The first Files superhighway area title, symbolics.com, is registered by the Symbolics Computer Corp. of Massachusetts.
- 1998: CBS' "60 Minutes" airs an interview with stylish White House worker Kathleen Willey, who says President Invoice Clinton made unwelcome sexual advances in direction of her in the Oval Topic of business in 1993, a designate denied by the president.
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- 2009: Tony Award-winning actor Ron Silver dies in Contemporary York Metropolis at age 62.
- 2014: Comic David Brenner, 78, dies in Contemporary York Metropolis.
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- 2018: The Trump administration accuses Moscow of an account for space to hack into The US's electric grid, factories, water present and air spin; the U.S. additionally targets Russians with sanctions for alleged election meddling for the predominant time since President Trump occurred of job.


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Amlin Aguri, a new racing team sponsored by London-based global insurance company Amlin, has today confirmed its driver line-up for the inaugural race of the all-electric FIA Formula E Championship. ...Read More »
Tag Archives: Antonio Felix da Costa
'Illegal test' saga now over – reports
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'Secret Red Bull test' reports emerge
Reports of a 'secret Red Bull test' have emerged. Germany's Bild newspaper said the reigning world champion team is alleged to have tested indoors at the Austrian company AVL's 'rolling ...Read More »
Tost flags Toro Rosso future for Sainz jr
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Red Bull confirms two testers Buemi, da Costa
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There are 110.40 miles from Cecil to Ashippun in south direction and 130 miles (209.21 kilometers) by car, following the I-41 and US-41 route.
Cecil and Ashippun are 2 hours 28 mins far apart, if you drive non-stop .
This is the fastest route from Cecil, WI to Ashippun, WI. The halfway point is Oshkosh, WI.
Cecil, WI and Ashippun, WI are in the same time zone (CDT). Current time in both locations is 4:15 am.
Any questions or tips to share?
Share with fellow travellers any question or tips about the route from Cecil, WI to Ashippun, WI:


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2 Bed Apartment Varna
Click Image for Gallery
The property consists of 2 bedrooms and 1 bathroom. The apartment is located on a 3rd floor corner position with a balcony overlooking the pool, barbecue, rock garden with summerhouse, view of the sea and Eco Park (botanical gardens) complex which consists of 18 apartments over 4 floors. The complex is very quiet and private. It is only a short walk to the oldest resort on the Black Sea, St Constantin and Elena or a short drive/taxi ride will take you to Golden Sands or Varna city.
Furnishings include:
- washing Machine
- dishwasher
- fridge/freezer
- cooker with touch screen hob
- microwave
- TV (additional fee paid monthly to access programs)
- DVD/Radio/MP3 player
- cooking equipment
- knives/forks/spoons
- table/glass ware
- dining table 6 upholstered chairs
- balcony table 4 chairs
- 2 sun loungers
- bedrooms fully furnished
Contact us today for more information.
|Communal Fees (per Year):
|1,200 Euro
|Distance From Airport:
|30 mins
|Distance From Main Attraction:
|15 mins
|Distance From Sea:
|Floor Space (metres Squared):
|83.91 sq.m
|No Of Outbuildings:
|barbque area undercover includes toilet, shower, kitchen, tables and chairs, summerhouse.
|No. Of Beds:
|1 double bed, 2 single beds, 1 sofa bed in living area, 1 single inflatable bed
|No. Of Reception Rooms:
|1 large open plan, kitchen, dining, living leading to balcony
|Sea, Country


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Nurses work day and night to make life comfortable for their patients and to make sure that that once they leave the hospital they can go back to their daily routine.
But are nurses taking steps to take care of their own life and make sure that their are in good (financial) shape when they stop working.
Many nurse work at hospitals or large clinics and have great benefits through their employer. They may have a 401(k) or 403(b) plan with matching and feel that by taking part in this retirement plan they are developing a financial plan.
We have though seen many retirement statements from nurses and in most situations the nurses are not fully aware of how their retirement money is being invested and they do not have a good feel for how much they are saving vs what they actually should be saving on order to get to a comfortable retirement.
We often talk to them about diversification of their portfolio as well as asset allocation and risk tolerance and in most situations nobody has ever had that discussion with them.
Having a retirement plan at work and contributing to it on a monthly basis is no equivalent to having a plan for the future.
Retirement income planning, social security benefits, long term care planning, college planning and many other factors have to be addressed and that's why creating a full financial plan is essential. On top of that they investment allocation has to be discussed and addressed so that their is a clear understanding of how the money is invested and a clear understanding of how a fully diversified portfolio can help a nurse reach their end goals.
On top of that ongoing coaching should be available through seminars, phone calls, one on one meetings and through online resources.
If you want an independent review of your plans let us help


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Knights Inn Somerset
Knights Inn Somerset
Popular features
Check availability at Knights Inn Somerset
Room, 2 Double Beds
Room, 1 Double Bed
Room, 2 Double Beds, Accessible
Room, 1 King Bed
Room, 2 Double Beds, Accessible, Smoking
Room, 1 Double Bed, Accessible
Room, 2 Double Beds, Smoking
Room, 1 King Bed, Smoking
About this property
When you stay at Knights Inn Somerset in Somerset, you'll be in the suburbs, within a 5-minute drive of Somerset County Courthouse and Somerset Hospital Emergency. This motel is 16.1 mi (26 km) from Seven Springs Mountain Resort and 25.5 mi (41 km) from Idlewild and SoakZone.Rooms
Make yourself at home in one of the 53 guestrooms featuring refrigerators and microwaves. Complimentary wireless Internet access keeps you connected, and cable programming is available for your entertainment. Private bathrooms with showers feature complimentary toiletries and hair dryers. Conveniences include desks and coffee/tea makers, as well as phones with free local calls.Amenities
This smoke-free motel features downhill skiing nearby.Dining
A complimentary continental breakfast is included.Business, Other Amenities
Featured amenities include a 24-hour front desk, an elevator, and coffee/tea in a common area. Free self parking is available onsite.Attractions
Distances are displayed to the nearest 0.1 mile and kilometer.
Somerset County Courthouse - 1.3 km / 0.8 mi
Somerset Hospital Emergency - 1.6 km / 1 mi
Somerset County Memorial Park - 3.5 km / 2.2 mi
Somerset Historical Center - 7.1 km / 4.4 mi
Quecreek Mine Rescue Site - 8.3 km / 5.1 mi
Glades Pike Winery - 12.4 km / 7.7 mi
Laurel Hill State Park - 16 km / 9.9 mi
Kooser State Park - 17.3 km / 10.8 mi
Jennerstown Speedway Complex - 18 km / 11.2 mi
Hidden Valley Resort - 19.8 km / 12.3 mi
Flight 93 National Memorial - 20.2 km / 12.5 mi
Seven Springs Mountain Resort - 26 km / 16.1 mi
Mountain Ridge ATV Park - 27.3 km / 17 mi
Laural Mountain Ski Resort - 29.2 km / 18.2 mi
Northwinds Golf Course - 29.7 km / 18.5 mi
The nearest airports are:
Latrobe, PA (LBE-Arnold Palmer Regional) - 54.5 km / 33.9 mi
Johnstown, PA (JST-John Murtha Johnstown - Cambria County) - 45.5 km / 28.3 mi
The preferred airport for Knights Inn Somerset is Latrobe, PA (LBE-Arnold Palmer Regional).
Property features
Property location
Property policies
Government-issued photo identification and a credit card, debit card, or cash deposit may be required at check-in for incidental charges.
Special requests are subject to availability upon check-in and may incur additional charges. Special requests cannot be guaranteed.
- Please note that cultural norms and guest policies may differ by country and by property. The policies listed are provided by the property.
Front desk staff will greet guests on arrival.
The following fees and deposits are charged by the property at time of service, check-in, or check-out.
- Pet fee: USD 10 per pet, per night
The above list may not be comprehensive. Fees and deposits may not include tax and are subject to change.


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Tata Altroz Hatchback Price, Specs, Mileage & Details
Tata Altroz premium hatchback might hit showrooms in coming weeks.
Tata Altroz, the premium hatchback from the home-grown carmaker, has finally been launched in the market. Available in 5 trim levels – XE, XM, XT, XZ and XZ(O), the Altroz is priced in the range of Rs 5.29 lakh to Rs 9.29 lakh (ex-showroom, Delhi). Promoted as 'Urban Car, the Tata Altroz is the production ready version of the 45X concept that broke cover at the 2018 Delhi Auto Expo. The carmaker says that its name 'Altroz' is inspired from the bird 'Albatross' and it offers "class-leading connectivity and thrilling performance" along with "futuristic design and advanced technology".
In India, the Tata Altroz directly rivals the Maruti Suzuki Baleno, Hyundai Elite i20, Honda Jazz, Volkswagen Polo and the Toyota Glanza. It is the brand's first model designed on the new ALFA (Agile Light Flexible Advanced) modular platform. This architecture is versatile enough to accommodate different body styles – MPV, SUV, Sedan and Hatchback and multiple powertrains including petrol, diesel and electric and hybrid. Tata's new premium hatchback features IMPACT 2.0 DESIGN philosophy and is available with both petrol and diesel fuel options. Also See – Tata Altroz Vs Maruti Baleno
Tata Altroz Key Features
– ALFA modular platform
– IMPACT 2.0 Design language
– Free-standing touchscreen infotainment system
– Android Auto & Apple CarPlay
– Automatic climate control
– ABS + EBD, brake assist
– Dual front airbags
– Reverse parking camera
– Multi-functional steering wheel
– LED headlamps with DRLs
– Full LED tail-lights
– Integrated rear spoiler
Tata Altroz Price In India
|XE Petrol
|Rs 5.29 lakh
|XM Petrol
|Rs 6.15 lakh
|XT Petrol
|Rs 6.84 lakh
|XZ Petrol
|Rs 7.44 lakh
|XZ (O) Petrol
|Rs 7.69 lakh
|XE Diesel
|Rs 6.99 lakh
|XM Diesel
|Rs 7.75 lakh
|XT Diesel
|Rs 8.44 lakh
|XZ Diesel
|Rs 9.04 lakh
|XZ (O) Diesel
|Rs 9.29 lakh
Tata Motors has achieved competitive pricing for the Altroz, thanks to the high level of localisation and te new economical Alfa architecture. It is available in 5 trim levels – XE, XM, XT, XZ and XZ(O) – and in total of 10 variants. While the petrol range is priced between Rs 5.29 lakh and Rs 7.29 lakh, the diesel models cost between Rs 6.99 lakh – 9.29 Rs lakh. All prices are ex-showroom.
Tata Altroz Specifications
|Petrol Engine
|Max Power
|Max Torque
|Diesel Engine
|1.5-litre Revotorq
|Max Power
|Max Torque
|5-speed MT
Tata's all-new premium hatchback is available with both petrol and diesel powertrains. The Tata Altroz petrol source its power from the naturally aspirated 1.2-litre 3-cylinder borrowed from Tiago. It delivers power worth 85bhp with 113Nm of torque. The diesel version of the hatchback is packed with the de-tuned version of the Nexon's 1.5L Revotorq motor generating a peak power of 89bhp with 200Nm of torque. Both engines comply with the upcoming BS6 emission norms that will be implemented from 1st April, 2020. Read – Tata Blackbird SUV To Challenge Hyundai Creta
The company is also working on the performance oriented version of the Altroz hatchback. It will receive the 1.2-litre turbocharged petrol engine that offers 108bhp and 172Nm of torque. This model is also likely to receive the dual-clutch automatic gearbox. Adding to it, the hatchback is also likely to receive a mild-hybrid system in future.
Tata Altroz Mileage
Tata hasn't revealed the fuel economy of the new premium hatchback. It is expected that the diesel version delivers around 25kmpl, while the petrol model should return close to 20kmpl.
Tata Altroz Exterior Design
Tata's new premium hatchback underpins the brand's new scalable ALFA (Agile, Light, Flexible & Advanced) platform that is claimed to be adaptable to multiple body styles and capable of handling hybridisation and electrification. It also provides flat floor to maximise leg space, a class-leading luggage space and ensures utility created around the driver. Tata says its new architecture involves "intelligent use of technology for absolute safety". The carmaker will use the same modular platform for its upcoming SUVs, MPVs, sedans and electric vehicles. Read – Tata Altroz Vs Hyundai i20
After the Harrier, the Tata Altroz is the company's second model to feature the new IMPACT 2.0 DESIGN philosophy. Design and styling of the hatchback stays true to the 45X concept. Upfront, the vehicle gets a slimmer prominent 3D 'Humanity Line' grille and high-placed ultra slim LED headlamps. It comes with projector headlamps with integrated LED daytime running lights and fog lamp assembly right below the headlamp unit. The hatchback gets strong fenders, upswept beltline with strong creases that runs across the length, sloping roofline and flared wheel arches. The entry-level model rides on 14-inch steel wheels, while the mid and top-end variants are fitted with 16-inch wheels. The rear door handles are integrated to C-pillar, while the rear comes with full LED tail-lights and an integrated spoiler.
The overall length, width and height of the Altroz stand at 3988mm, 1754mm and 1505mm respectively. The hatch sits on a 2501mm long wheelbase. It comes with a boot space of 345-litres.
Tata Altroz comes in 5 colour options – Downtown Red, High Street Gold, Skyline Silver, Avenue White and Midtown Grey.
Tata Altroz Interior
The Tata Altroz comes with all-black interior scheme with golden aluminium finish around the AC vents and silver accents on the door panels and steering wheel. Tata claims that the hatchback comes with top-notch fit and finish along with high material quality. It features a 7.0-inch large free-standing touchscreen infotainment system positioned above the T-shaped centre console. The touchscreen infotainment is compatible to Android Auto and Apple CarPlay connectivity along with the navigation system.
The Tata Altroz is equipped with several comfort and convenience features including automatic climate control, rear air-con vents, driver's side one-touch auto down window, a 6-speaker Harman-sourced audio system, keyless entry, push-button start-stop, rear parking sensors with reverse camera, cooled glove box and more. Read – New Tata Sierra Might Make A Comeback In A Modern Avatar
Tata Altroz Safety Features
Tata's new Altroz hatchback underpins the new Alfa modular platform. The hatchback has been awarded with 5-star crash test rating from Global NCAP, and is the safest hatchback of the country. The hatchback comes with robust body built along with a pack of advanced safety features. This list of standard safety fitment includes dual front airbags, ABS (anti-lock braking system) with EBD (electronic brake-force distribution) and brake assist, rear parking sensors, seatbelt reminder and speed alert. The top-end variant also gets rear parking camera.


text: MvM 31 Posted April 20, 2015 Ok I hear you. But are you sure they said you can't use the EU at all or just not allowed to use it on the road? I was advised NOT to use it in the city of Rotterdajm on the street. (Next time, if another officer sees you, you might get a fine...) Strangely enough, when I told them that I use the Solowheel to go to work in another city, the office just said that I then should use it only there...) So today, I went to work as usual and rode the last 3 km to work from my car to the office building as I have done for the past 10 months Quote Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


text:
Welcome to the forum.
New to the forum but not to handguns/Glocks. Carried one on duty for almost 28 yrs. Just obtained a Gen 2 G20 that I plan on keeping as a shooter
Welcome to the forum.
Josey Wales: When I get to likin' someone, they ain't around long.
Lone Watie: I notice when you get to DISlikin' someone they ain't around for long neither.
Welcome to the forum.
"The Constitution shall never be construed to prevent the people of the United States who are peaceable citizens from keeping their own arms." - Samuel Adams, Massachusetts Ratifying Convention, 1788
Learning is impossible without humility.
GSSF Member
NRA Life Member
USPSA Member / RO
A individual can't be a Army
A individual can't be a Navy.
A individual can't be a Air Force
A individual can't be a Coast Guard
A individual can be a MARINE! Semper Fi.
Nice gun @Tlaw193...
Welcome to the forum!
"While the anti-gunners seem very concerned about the "one life" that your firearm might take -- they are not very concerned about the lives it will save." Jon H. Gutmacher, Florida Firearms - Law, Use & Ownership


text:
The First Ever Animals To Walk On Land
- First fossils of animals that could walk on land were found in a place called Willie's Hole in Scotland.
- The first creature believed to have walked on land is known as Ichthyostega.
- The first mammals appeared during the Mesozoic era and were tiny creatures that lived their lives in constant fear of dinosaurs.
The first animals that walked on land were called tetrapods. It is believed that the first tetrapods walked the parts of our planet where Scotland is situated today. Fossils of four-legged animals were found near Chirnside in Scotland, in a place called Willie's Hole. These remains were believed to be from almost 400 million years ago, the time when animals with backbones started making the transition from sea to land.
After a more thorough examination in Willie's Hole in 2015, five new fossil species were found, and these are considered to be the earliest known animals that walked on land. Once they stepped foot on land, tetrapods were divided into two groups, the ancestors of reptiles, birds, and mammals, and the ancestors of amphibians. This would mean that in a weird way, all mammals have evolved from Scotland.
The First Mammals
The first mammals evolved at the end of the Triassic period, and they arose from a population of therapsids. Therapsids are most easily described as "mammal-like reptiles" that were extinct during the Jurassic period. However, some of them evolved and developed traits such as fur and warm-blooded metabolisms, which were then developed further in the upcoming periods. It is hard to distinguish between the last therapsids and the first mammals ultimately.
However, certain vertebrates that lived in this period can prove to be the missing links between them. Ignoring the details that can be considered insignificant for our article, the first mammals appeared in the Mesozoic era, and they were considerably smaller than most mammals today. Only a few of them were larger than mice, and because of the dominance of dinosaurs, they were forced to feed on plants and hide during the day.
The Mesozoic Tetrapods
During this period, another group started to develop itself, called the diapsids. From this group, a large number of animals we know today developed, such as turtles, crocodiles, and dinosaurs. Their appearance did not happen until the Jurassic part of the Mesozoic period. This, however, marks the time where we can start to recognize the animals that roamed the surface.
Although dinosaurs are no more, they should be well known to anyone reading this. Turtles and crocodiles are still all over the planet, so they should not need a special introduction either. Another essential thing started happening during this period as well; the first mammals appeared.
Permian Period Tetrapods
During this period, two more groups were developed, the sauropsids and the synapsids. The synapsids are considered to be the most important animals of this period. They shared most of their characteristics with the previously mentioned animals. At the end of this period, a large scale extinction event happened, and multiple species were completely wiped out. Various groups that were previously large in numbers were either severely reduced or died out entirely.
Carboniferous Period Tetrapods
During this period, tetrapods began having a standardized number of digits (fingers) on their hands and feet. The number was never more than five, and all of the lineages with more than five digits started dying out. Later on, these tetrapods divided into two groups.
The first one is the temnospondyls, from which the modern amphibians originated, and the other group is the anthracosaurus, which later on gave birth to reptiles and mammals. The members of the first group are believed to have needed to return to the sea to lay eggs. The eggs laid by the other group had a membrane that allowed them to develop on land normally.
The first creature that most scientists consider to have walked on land is today known as Ichthyostega. However, this creature did not just waltz gracefully out of the sea onto the shore and continued running. No, it most likely hauled itself out on its front limbs. The process probably resembled walking on crutches.
At first, it was believed that the creature walked similarly to a salamander, however recent findings have proven otherwise. Ichthyostega resembled a mudskipper fish more than a lizard. Since the environment during this time had extraordinarily wet and dry periods, the animal needed to be able to swim and walk. Ichthystega was living during the Paleozoic period.


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Newest Trailer Released for "So Young"
New Posters of "The Chef, The Actor, The Scoundrel" Released
'The Iron Lady' to Open in Chinese Mainland
"An End to Killing" To Be Released in May
Chinese entertainment enterprise Galloping Horse has announced to collaborate with globally leading special effects maker Digital Domain. [Photo: CFP]
World-class talent in the field of film special effects will be fostered in China, under an agreement signed by two film companies from China and the United States on Sunday, November 4, 2012.
Crucial parts of Hollywood blockbusters are expected to be produced in Beijing in the future, according to the agreement reached by Chinese entertainment enterprise Galloping Horse and globally leading special effects maker Digital Domain.
Ed Ulbrich, chief executive officer of Digital Domain, said that in five years, his company plans to set up a digital-effects training center and a special-effects production base in China, adding that both sides will cooperate to offer high-quality service in entertainment.
"The launch of the cooperation in Beijing marks an important turning point in the global film industry," according to Zhong Lifang, vice president of Galloping Horse.
Zhang Yibai, of Galloping Horse, added that the agreement is of great importance to China's film industry, as the cooperation will up the level of China's film production and cultivate domestic experts.
Digital Domain was created by "Titanic" and "Avatar" director James Cameron, and purchased by Michael Bay, director of "Transformers".
The company develops cutting-edge visual effects and has participated in the production of 15 of the 20 best-selling films worldwide, including the "Transformers", "Harry Potter" and "Pirates of the Caribbean" franchises.
|1. Seeking Mr. Right
2. Princess and Seven Kung Fu Masters
3. Ip Man: Final Fight
4. Journey to the West
5. An End to Killing


text: 24 Oct October 24, 2019 in Junior Field email@example.com spent most of my childhood with friends exploring the nature in some beautiful hills and rivers near where we lived. Therefore, I always have the impression of how beautiful the nature is. I wanted to study nature in order to understand more about the importance of it and how it connected to human lives. After many efforts, I was granted to a scholarship and I decided to pursue my bachelor degree in Environmental science at the University of South Australia (UniSA) in Australia. During pursuing my study in Australia, I was fortunate enough to spent time in Australian nature and got to do a study about forests in Fiji. Most of my study was more terrestrial botany and ecology related. I finished my study in December 2018, as environmental scientist, I wanted to find a science and community fieldwork based job. I am interested in the work that Blue Ventures is doing and I am excited to join Blue Ventures and looking forward to be part of the future achievement in conservation and community particularly in Timor-Leste. I am a nature lover, I enjoy camping, and travelling to experience new culture, and hiking can be part of boosting my energy up. I am obsessed to sunrise and sunset therefore, having a relax evening with sunset and additional tasty tunes will be the best thing to end my day. To be a diver, understanding the nature of the ocean, ecotourism and local knowledge in resource management will be great achievement in the future.


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VELOX GmbH will exhibit at Plastpol from May 22 to 25 2018 in Kielce, Poland at booth 53, hall E. Co-exhibitor will be VELOX' long-term partner Lubrizol. VELOX is intensifying its activities in Eastern Europe and Russia with a range of solutions especially adapted to the needs of the growing region."VELOX will present a broad offering of thermoplastics, polymers, additives and composites, as well as paints and coatings products designed for a wide range of applications", says Guillaume Fromont, Product Manager Engineering Plastics. "In particular, the speciality thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) products from our principal Lubrizol, under globally recognized trade names including Estane, Pearlthane and Pearlbond TPU are of great interest for injection molding, extrusion, adhesive and compounding applications. These are valued for their durability and mechanical properties in hose and tube, cable and medical device end uses." One key focus of VELOX at Plastpol will be the cable market.For identifying growth opportunities in the global continuous fiber thermoplastics market, please visit http://www.lucintel.com/continuous_fiber_thermoplastics_market_2017.aspx
"With more than 20 years experience in the industry, this is the first time we have
come across such an extensive market analysis for our industry."
Ven Cote, CEO, ZCL
"The insights we gained from Lucintel work helped with our business plan…a wonderful professional job…" Mike Jackson, Stahlin
"The report from Lucintel is useful not only for business planners, but also for the technology officers wanting to create a roadmap …" Dr. Giulio Ranzo, Booz Allen
"The information is so comprehensive, it has allowed us to identify & focus our business development efforts. It saved months of leg-work." Bill Barz, L&L Products
"We bought Lucintel report because it is the best report about our industry…a complete and appropriate analysis."
Cesare Andrenacci, Ferretti


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by Dish Staff
Ambinder sees an opening:
Bush's biggest opportunity corresponds to the biggest hole in the GOP platform: its radio silence on practical economic solutions for the middle class, which, it turns out, corresponds to the biggest bread-and-butter concern that Americans repeatedly chastise Washington for not addressing.
If he can move beyond supply-side economics and invent or adopt policies that directly benefit middle class voters who aren't big savers, if he can speak to their concerns, if he can draw for us a picture for how a governing conservative president might function, then everything I've ever said about him — namely, that he's a Bush and he can't win the presidency, much less the nomination — goes out the window. If he can square THIS hexagon, and if he can get people to forget that he's a Bush, he might be able to win both.
Republicans certainly don't need a replay of Romney 2012, where the candidate focused too much on big macro issues like tax and entitlement reform — issues that failed to connect with voters struggling with everyday, middle-class problems. But that's what a Bush candidacy could well look like. In an October fundraising letter for an education group he founded, Bush put forward a broad-strokes economic agenda that once again argued America needs to "radically simplify our tax and regulation structures to be fairer and more practical" and "reform our entitlement programs, which are now ballooning government beyond taxpayers' means to pay for it." That's just GOP boilerplate that many voters will tune out.
But don't fret quite yet, conservative reformers. There are still signs that Jebonomics has the potential to be smart and important. For instance, Bush also spent a lot of time in that letter discussing K-12 and higher education challenges and reform, both of which are crucial to improving middle-class fortunes. Anyone remember the Romney education plan, or him even talking much about student debt? The candidate actually had a plan, but it was a mystery to voters. Bush sounds like he could focus on these middle-class issues far more than Romney did.