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Category of Documents
2019 (11) TMI 1118 - SUPREME COURT -GENPACT INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED VERSUS DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX & ANOTHER. And case laws referred to therein.
Appeal remedy under Income-tax Act, 1961:
Earlier there was S.246 and now S.246A governs provisions of first appeal against orders of Assessing Officers under the Income-tax Act, 1961.
There is also remedy by way of revision u/s 264 on application of assesse to the CIT.
Appealable orders -wider expressions used:
The mindset that orders passed under specific sections are only appealable is wrong notion in minds of many tax payers, practioners and tax officers. It can be said that specific orders mentioned with reference to sections under which such orders are passed are illustrative. Over a period of time new sections have been introduced for levy of tax. However, some provisions are not specifically mentioned in list of appealable orders. In fact, if one go by spirit, there is no need to mention any specific order against which appeal is provided.
It seems that due to impression that only specific orders are appealable the petitioners in case of Genpact (supra) preferred Writ Petitions challenging tax determination on buy-back of shares under S.115QA.
We find that there is wider expression used in provision relating to first appeal:
Section 246A which is in force now relevant portion reads as follows:
246A. Appealable orders before Commissioner (Appeals).– (1) Any assessee or any deductor or any collector aggrieved by any of the following orders (whether made before or after the appointed day) may appeal to the Commissioner (Appeals) against–
(a) an order passed by a Joint Commissioner under clause (ii) of sub-section (3) of section 115VP or an order against the assessee where the assessee denies his liability to be assessed under this Act or ……….
Section 246 which was in force earlier, relevant portion read as follows:
"246. Appealable orders - (1) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (2), any assessee aggrieved by any of the following orders of an Assessing Officer other than the Joint Commissioner may appeal to the Deputy Commissioner (Appeals) before the 1st day of June, 2000 against such order–
(a) an order against the assessee, where the assessee denies his liability to be assessed under this Act,
S.30 of the Income-tax Act, 1922
"30.(1) Any assessee objecting to the amount of income assessed under Section 23 … or the amount of tax determined under Section 23 … or denying his liability to be assessed under this Act … may appeal to the Appellate Assistant Commissioner against the assessment or against such refusal or order:"
We find that expressions used in three sections prevalent at relevant times had similar meanings and going by intentions and purpose it can be said that any order determining any tax liability under the Act, is appealable.
Section 30 of the Income Tax, 1922 came up for consideration before the Supreme Court Court in Commissioner of Income Tax, U.P., Lucknow v. Kanpur Coal Syndicate 1964 (4) TMI 18 - SUPREME COURT
The contention raised by the assessee was considered as under:-
"The Income Tax Officer may reject its contention and may assess the total income of the association as such and impose the tax on it. Under Section 30 an assessee objecting to the amount of income assessed under Section 23 or the amount of tax determined under the said section or denying his liability to be assessed under the Act can prefer an appeal against the order of the Income Tax to the Appellate Assistant Commissioner. It is said that an order made by the Income Tax Officer rejecting the plea of an association of persons that the members thereof shall be assessed individually does not fall under one or other of the three heads mentioned above. What is the substance of the objection of the assesses? The assessee denies his liability to be assessed under the Act in the circumstance of the case and pleads that the members of the association shall be assessed only individually. The expression "denial of liability" is comprehensive enough to take in not only the total denial of liability but also the liability to tax under particular circumstances. In either case the denial is a denial of liability to be assessed under the provisions of the Act. In one case the accessee says that he is not liable to be assessed to tax under the Act, and in the other case the assessee denies his liability to tax under the provisions of the Act if the option given to the appropriate officer under the provisions of the Act is judicially exercised. We, therefore, hold that such an assessee has a right of appeal under Section 30 of the Act against the order of the Income Tax Officer assessing the association of members instead of the members thereof individually."
It was concluded that the expression "denial of liability" is comprehensive enough to take in not only the total denial of liability but also the liability to tax under particular circumstances.
Examples of some particular circumstances under IT Act 1961:
We can find some particular circumstances for levy, assessment or demand of tax and such demand may not arise from order under particular sections. For example S.115J, 115JA, 115JB, 115O, 115K, 115R … etc. In some situations demand may be raised through any specifically appealable order and in some situations without any specifically appealable orders.
If any such demand is raised, in either way, the assesse can challenge the same by way of appeal under the wider expressions used in relation to appeal as discussed above and as discussed and held in the judgment under study and some judgments on provisions of tax laws, referred to therein.
In the judgment there are also discussions and references relating to Writ Jurisdictions of Courts and self-imposed limitations etc.
A short provision is required:
By insertion of several sections in provisions relating to appeals complexity has been enlarged. Whereas it is desirable that the provision should be drafted in wider and general terms to make any order levying tax, interest, fees and penalty appealable. The provision can be on the following lines:
Appealable orders before Commissioner (Appeals).–
Improper exercise of Writ Jurisdiction:
In the following article author had expressed view that it was not proper for any to adopt and avail route of Writ Jurisdiction of High Court. Author had also expressed that for honorable High Court also it was not proper to admit and adjudicate dispute between tax payer and tax department on simple appealable issue of disallowance of employees PF contributions due to delayed payment.
Excerpts from the article:
Employees contributions- S. 2.24.x , 36.1.va and 43B addition challenged in WP and considered by Madras High Court – improper course and actions by all An Article By: - CA DEV KUMAR KOTHARI November 3, 2018
Judgment under present study:
M/S. UNIFAC MANAGEMENT SERVICES (INDIA) PRIVATE LTD. VERSUS THE DEPUTY COMMISSIONER OF INCOME TAX, CORPORATION CIRCLE 3 (2) , CHENNAI 2018 (10) TMI 1386 - MADRAS HIGH COURT (in short UNIFAC)
About the Court the author wrote as follows:
" Sorry to say that Honourable judge of High Court erred by admitting WP and by not following binding precedence and not applying judicial discipline :
Judges are also human being, so they are also not immune from committing errors and omissions. Sometimes there can be bias even in minds of judges.
Sometimes judgment are influenced by other factors like mood, pressures, bias, presumptions, and different type of mood prevailing in mind and soul of the judge.
With utmost respect to the lordship of honourable Madras High Court, author express that the course adopted by honourable Justice Mr. Justice K. Ravichandrabaabu is not correct. For the following reasons:
(a) First of all, in this case WP should not have been admitted, because challenge was not to the virse of provisions but only to additions made in assessment order and there was very effective alternate remedy available to the petitioner. Proper Course was to reject WP on this ground, and to allow time to petitioner to file appeal before CIT(A). By not doing so, author, with due respect feel that honourable justice has not followed basic fundamental rules about WP and has also not followed judicial precedence.
(b) Honourable Court must have regard to the ruling of the Supreme Court in case of Alom Extrusions. In that case though the question was not on S.2.24.x and S.36.1.va, but honourable Supreme Court had considered these provisions. Therefore, even an obiter dicta, of the honourable Supreme Court is binding on other Courts.
(c) Judgment of Madras High Court was not considered.
(d) Other High Courts have also adopted and applied reasoning in case of Alom Extrusion.
(e) The honourable Court must have adopted a view which is in favour of assesse. There are majority of judgments in which S.43B has been applied in relation to contributions covered u/s 2.24.x.
A fit case for recall of the judgment:
With due respect and regard, author feels that it is a fit case for recall and review of the judgment not only to render justice and also to follow rules of binding precedence and judicial discipline, which appears to have been totally ignored by honorable justice."
In view of recent judgment of the Supreme Court , under study in this article , author reiterate his views about the judgment in case of Unifac Management Services (supra.)
By: CA DEV KUMAR KOTHARI - November 30, 2019
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I hav a few frens who have decided to re-sit STPM tis yr since their results were nt good.I would like to ask ur opinion.1. What do you think of re-sitting for STPM?2. Have u ever heard of ppl re-sitting STPM? Any experience to share?Thanks.I would appreciate if some1 would leave a comment on this post.

subset: commoncrawl


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Why must we settle for part of the gospel?
Interesting read. Source: Why must we settle for part of the gospel?Read more
"We were given the Scriptures to humble us into realizing that God is right, and the rest of us are just guessing." ― Rich Mullins
Interesting read. Source: Why must we settle for part of the gospel?Read more
Good Tuesday Morning to all. I hope everyone is doing well. Let me report, that we (San Antonio) have entered yet another phase into our #new normal. Yesterday, the mayor made it mandatory for residents to wear masks in public places, especially where it's impossible to keep 6ft apart. This new mandate also limits essential businesses to allow in onlyRead more
Our God is full of compassion. It must hurt something awful to see the world through the eyes of God. Jesus wept when He heard of Lazarus's death. He knew the downfall of Jerusalem was ahead and He cried. The night before His crucifixion, He cried out to His heavenly Father. He knew the pain and agony that awaited Him,Read more
Well, it's day 22 of our Stay at Home order. As of tomorrow, 15 days to go – that's if they don't extend the order. I do hope everyone had a nice Easter weekend. My husband and I attended a drive-in service at our church. It was a different. Afterwards, we took a drive out to Kerrville, to see theRead more
We cannot fathom the thoughts of our Father in heaven. In the midst of this pandemic chaos, He still speaks. Hence, it's always about having ears to hear. There's a story most of us have heard growing up. It's been passed on from generation to generation. It's the story of God. You can find this story in the Bible. It'sRead more
Christian inspirational photography and poetry
A closer walk with our beloved friend.
The Watchmen weekly summit on current events, prophetic sign posts and scriptural rendering of the end times.
Daily Thoughts and Meditations as we journey together with our Lord.
My life as a daughter of the King
Word(s) . Light . Life
#Kindness Changes Everything


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A Study of Balovaptan in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder With a 2-Year Open-Label Extension
- Interventional
- Recruiting
Contact Information
A Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Efficacy, and Safety Study of Balovaptan in Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder With a 2-Year Open-Label Extension
This study will evaluate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of 10 mg of oral administration balovaptan once a day (QD) compared with matching placebo in adults (18 years and older) with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Age Group
18 Years and up
Accepting Healthy Volunteers?
- Subject meets the DSM-5 criteria for ASD for an autism diagnosis and is confirmed using ADOS-2 criteria
- SRS-2, proxy version, total t-score >=66 at screening
- A full scale IQ score >=70 on the WASI®-II
- Subject has an appropriate study partner, in the opinion of the investigator
- For women of childbearing potential: agreement to remain abstinent or use a contraceptive method with a failure rate of <1% per year during the treatment period and for at least 28 days after the last dose of study drug
- Treatment with permitted medications (at a stable dose for 12 weeks before screening) and behavioral therapy regimens (regimens stable for 6 weeks before screening), with the intent that such treatments remain stable throughout the study and with no expected changes before the Week 24 visit
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pregnancy or breastfeeding, or intention to become pregnant during the study
- Previous initiation of new or major change in psychosocial intervention within 6 weeks prior to screening
- Unstable or uncontrolled clinically significant affective or psychotic disorders and/or neurologic disorder that may interfere with the assessment of safety or efficacy endpoints
- Substance use disorders during the last 12 months
- Significant risk for suicidal behavior, in the opinion of the investigator
- Epilepsy or seizure disorder considered not well controlled within the past 6 months or changes in anticonvulsive therapy within the last 6 months
- Clinical diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy
- Within the last 2 years, unstable or clinically significant cardiovascular disease
- Uncontrolled hypertension
- Unexplained syncopal episode within the last 12 months
- Confirmed elevation above upper limit of normal of CK-MB, high sensitivity cardiac troponin T, cardiac troponin I, and/or N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide
- Positive serology results for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 or 2
- History of coagulopathies, bleeding disorders, blood dyscrasias, hematological malignancies, myelosuppression (including iatrogenic), or current major bleeding event
- Concomitant disease or condition that could interfere with, or treatment of which might interfere with, the conduct of the study, or what would, in the opinion of the investigator, pose an unacceptable risk to the subject in this study
- Confirmed clinically significant abnormality in parameters of hematology
- Confirmed clinically significant abnormality in parameters of clinical chemistry, coagulation, or urinalysis
- Medical history of malignancy, if not considered cured
- Autism Spectrum Disorder


text: Population Demographics for Dauberville, Pennsylvania in 2020, 2019 Other Counties and Cities in PennsylvaniaPopulation Demographics by RaceRacePopulation% of TotalTotal Population848100White82697Population Demographics by Race and gender.MaleFemaleTotalTotal Population443405848White434392826Relevant Related Information Demographic population totalsTotal population in Dauberville Total Population:848Male Population:443Female Population:405Demographic median age by sexMedian age in Dauberville Both sexes42Male41Female43Demographic sex by age for the population in householdsPopulation in households in Dauberville Total Population:848Male Population:443Under 5 years:175 to 9 years:2810 to 14 years:3715 to 17 years:2618 and 19 years:1120 years:421 years:222 to 24 years:1525 to 29 years:2830 to 34 years:1735 to 39 years:2140 to 44 years:4745 to 49 years:4150 to 54 years:4355 to 59 years:3960 and 61 years:1462 to 64 years:1665 and 66 years:467 to 69 years:1070 to 74 years:675 to 79 years:980 to 84 years:785 years and over:1Female Population:405Under 5 years:105 to 9 years:2510 to 14 years:2515 to 17 years:2918 and 19 years:720 years:421 years:422 to 24 years:1325 to 29 years:1830 to 34 years:1735 to 39 years:2540 to 44 years:3845 to 49 years:3950 to 54 years:4255 to 59 years:4360 and 61 years:1162 to 64 years:1365 and 66 years:867 to 69 years:870 to 74 years:875 to 79 years:880 to 84 years:585 years and over:5Demographic average population of home by ageAverage household size in Dauberville Total:2Under 18 years:018 years and over:2Demographic household typeNumber of occupied homes in Dauberville Total:313Family led homes:245Husband-wife family:209Other family:36Population of male led with no wife present:17Population female led with no husband present:19Population of Nonfamily homes:68Population living alone:44Population not living alone:24Demographic population of homes with people under 18 years old by typeTotal occupied homes in Dauberville with people under 18 years old: Total:313Population of homes with one or more people under 18 years:111Population of family homes:109Husband-wife family:82Under 6 years only:13Under 6 years and 6 to 17 years:76 to 17 years only:62Other family:27Male householder, no wife present:12Under 6 years only:3Under 6 years and 6 to 17 years:16 to 17 years only:8Female led with no husband present:15Under 6 years only:0Under 6 years and 6 to 17 years:46 to 17 years only:11Nonfamily households:2Male led households:1Under 6 years only:0Under 6 years and 6 to 17 years:06 to 17 years only:1Female led householder:1Under 6 years only:0Under 6 years and 6 to 17 years:06 to 17 years only:1Households with no people under 18 years:202Family households:136Husband-wife family:127Other family:9Male led with no wife present:5Female led with no husband present:4Nonfamily households:66Male led householder:34Female led householder:32Demographic type of home by age of owner-renterTotal number led homes in Dauberville, by type Total Home Population:313Population of Family homes:245Population of 15 to 24 year olds:1Population of 25 to 34 year olds:25Population of 35 to 44 year olds:55Population of 45 to 54 year olds:73Population of 55 to 59 year olds:35Population of 60 to 64 year olds:27Population of 65 to 74 year olds:18Population of 75 to 84 year olds:11Population of 85 year olds and over:0Population of Nonfamily Homes:68Population of 15 to 24 year olds:4Population of 25 to 34 year olds:9Population of 35 to 44 year olds:13Population of 45 to 54 year olds:12Population of 55 to 59 year olds:7Population of 60 to 64 year olds:4Population of 65 to 74 year olds:6Population of 75 to 84 year olds:10Population of 85 year olds and over:3Demographic population of homes with people 60 year olds and overhouseholds in Dauberville containing people over 60 Total Population:313Population of homes with one or more people 60 years and over:921-person household:202-or-more-person household:72Family households:67Nonfamily households:5Population of homes with no people 60 years and over:2211-person household:242-or-more-person household:197Family homes:178Nonfamily homes:19Demographic population of multigenerational homeshomes in Dauberville with multiple generations. Total Population:313Home has three or more generations:9Home does not have three or more generations:304Demographic presence of unmarried partner of home owner-renterUnmarried population in Dauberville under 18 years old in homes Total Population:197Unmarried partner of home lead present:23In family homes:19Population of male led and male partner homes:0Population of male led and female partner households:11Population of female led and female partner households:0Population of female led and male partner households:8In nonfamily homes:4Population of male led and male partner homes:0Population of male led and female partner homes:2Population of female led and female partner homes:2Population of female led and male partner homes:0No unmarried partner of home lead present:174In family homes:174Population of husband-wife family homes:146Population of male lead with no wife present, family homes:10Population of female lead with no husband present, family homes:18In nonfamily homes:0Demographic population in families by agePopulation in families living in Dauberville Total Population:734Population Under 18 years:192Population 18 years and over:542Demographic tenure of people in homesHow long in Dauberville have lived in one place. Total:313Population of Owner occupied homes:274Family home:224Nonfamily homess:50Male led home:24Living alone:18Not living alone:6Female led home:26Living alone:14Not living alone:12Population of Renter occupied homes:39Family run homes:21Husband-wife family:11Other family:10Male led with no wife present:4Female led with no husband present:6Nonfamily Homes:18Male led homes:11Male living alone:8Male not living alone:3Female led homes:7Females living alone:4Females not living alone:3


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Robert's Historical Miniatures and Musings (Slow Grow League)
Supported by (Turn Off)
Monday Musing - Some Dude on YouTube
Perhaps a bit of a rant as well as a few thoughts of who we trust in a world of information.
As you may be aware I have recently become interested in doing a little historical research on members of my family who served with the North Irish Horse (NIH) during WW2. My great uncle Issac comes from the paternal side of the family. He passed when I was a teenager and I knew him quite well as he lived in the same town as myself. I have many fond memories of him. During the war he acted as a tank driver and after the war he worked as a signalman on the railways. To a young boy, these were the two best jobs ever!
The other family member, another great uncle, whom I don't remember ever meeting, comes from the maternal side of the family and I didn't know that he actually existed and served with Uncle Issac until my mother mentioned it to me a short time ago. This discovery was the catalyst that has stimulated the desire to learn more about the campaigns in North Africa, the war in Italy, the North Irish Horse and the role my two great uncles played.
As I have begun to dip my toe into learning more about the North African and Italian campaigns that the NIH took part in, two things have struck me. Firstly, I didn't know where to start as there is so much information out there. I was going to say too much information but couldn't decide if I was being literal or metaphorical by using the word too. Secondly, and the main point of this musing, I don't know who to trust and whether the information that I am watching or reading is factually correct. How do I know that "Some Dude on YouTube", the blogger, the Twitter handle, the author is actually trustworthy and the information I am reading, watching or listening to is actually right?
I loved history at school until a change of teacher resulted in history lessons morphing from something that epitomised the joy of learning to the bore of repeated lessons of pure dictation. Instead of time spent using DAMMIT (Date, Author, Mode, Motive, Information and Tone) to analyse sources, it was hours of continual writing and boredom. This pushed me down the path of maths and economics and I ended up spending six years studying economics when history was something I had more interest in at the time. While I don't have the skills of a historian (an A in GCSE history doesn't cut the mustard), I was always encouraged to think critically and have developed a set of research and analytical skills through my education and working life.
Yet still in this world of information I am confused. I struggle with a lack of citations, I don't know where information comes from – though not listing my sources is something I am guilty of this myself. I don't have access to academic journals, or a fully furnished university library. The internet is now my biggest resource. A polished looking article or blog post could be based on the ramblings of "Some Dude on YouTube" and if this dude is incorrect then so is the article. I think we all have come across examples of people unknowingly passing of fiction as fact.
Is the Library a lie?
I used to be trusting of books, but now I am not so sure. The standard of editorial work and fact checking in publishing these days does not seem to be up to the rigors of earlier years. Some authors are also guilty of not being as meticulous with their research as in the past. I recently had a relative visit for a few days, they also happen to be a history teacher. They were reading a history book aimed at children they had purchased from a museum and they were actually appalled at the number of mistakes and historically incorrect information that had been written. Dates were wrong, and events described that were chronologically incorrect and factually wrong. This was not a difference in interpretation, but was clearly presenting wrong information as fact. We can all disagree with each others interpretation of the facts, and it is why I find historical debates so fascinating, but some facts are indisputable. Some leeway should be allowed when you are simplifying events for children but it does not excuse wrong dates and being factually incorrect.
There are so many Dudes on YouTube, dare I say, masquerading as historians. The information is professionally presented but sometimes I wonder how unbiased or accurate the video is. You can't even go back through their sources as they don't list them. Don't get me wrong, there are many great resources out there but it all comes back to the point of this musing, I find it difficult to separate the wheat from the chaff.
I also see many people describe themselves as historians on their websites, blogs and Twitter descriptions. To me, someone is an historian if they are employed or making their living in the field. They have been trained and their abilities scrutinised, and not just by their internet peers. I don't call myself an economist, as I don't work as one, but have the training and skills to be one.
It is also not always easy to check the credentials of these so called historians. Perhaps this is academic and intellectual snobbery on my behalf, but a Twitter handle retweeting other people's work, pictures or articles does not make you a historian. I have described myself as a very amateur historian in this project and even then history aficionado or wannabe would be a more accurate statement.
I don't have the answers to my conundrum, I don't have enough background knowledge, skills or the intelligence to differentiate between good history and bad history. All I can do is fact check, and check some more. I will not be relying on only one source, I will be listening to podcasts, watching "Some Dude on YouTubes" videos and reading all the material I can get my hands on, checking the accuracy of the information as I go along. I will be reaching out to others for help, love getting advice and would appreciate if people come and correct me if I am wrong. But perhaps don't get me started on Wikipedia or people who think knowledge or intelligence is based on the ability to type in a search bar.


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Sometimes I write about politics, sometimes I blog about fluff. Today I am writing not to ask you to vote, or tell you to vote, I am begging you to vote on Monday. Especially those of you under 35 or so, and even more especially if you are under 25.
Tag: NDP
Budget Time!
It is budget day in Nova Scotia. A year of limping through the broken remains of the Conservative's election year budget has finally come to a close. Now comes the fear and trepidation… What sacred cows will be cut? What blatantly political projects are going to be funded? Or…. not? But more importantly, will the NDP be really actually different than any past government? If so, how? Since July we have had a government that was so far into a read more
Ready for "good enough"?
What constitutes good enough? This is the debate dominating our province and the regional municipality as the public, politicians and mandarins who really run government try to come to grips with our new lack of dollars. After several years of federal and provincial spending with little regard to long term consequences in terms of operations and maintenance, the "teens" seem destined to be a decade of fewer resources for ego driven, or "world class" projects.
Today is a great day for Nova Scotia
The sun came up, the world did not end, the Nova Scotia NDP are in power. As my wife joked with her mum last night "Yes mom, the NDP are going to be the government, put Dad on a suicide watch." All joking aside, for 25-30% of the province, the election of the NDP creates a deep personal conflict. In rural Nova Scotia, success and livelihoods have for too long been tied to the government in power handing out contracts read more
Neither an NDP or a tory be…
Some things I strongly believe…. that are philosophically incompatible, if the only system you use is the current left-right, NDP-tory type system… I think that they are common sense. "rightie" type thoughts: -shut down the NSLC, lay off all staff, privatize all liquor delivery -shut down the AGA-Liquor division – transfer to municipality -allow private delivery of health services such as blood tests, casts, x-rays and other diagnostics, through doctors offices/clinics -charge a small fee (like the Swedes!) for emergency read more


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Parent Category: Rocktabs Archive
Hybrid Coupler
KRYTAR announced a 180-degree hybrid coupler that delivers 3 dB of coupling over the full frequency range of 10 to 40 GHz in a single, compact package. Hybrid couplers perform many functions, including splitting and combining signals in amplifiers, switching circuits, and antenna beam-forming networks used in a wide range of commercial and military applications. KRYTAR's hybrid coupler, Model 4100400, delivers this versatility from 10 to 40 GHz with excellent phase and amplitude matching.
IMS Booth # 525


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Ralph Rimmer has rejected calls for an independent investigation into the Rugby Football League's handling of the Bradford Bulls saga, claiming it "could paralyse the sport completely". There have been widespread calls for a review of the governing body's decision-making in regard to the fallen giants following a recent takeover by a consortium involving former RFL chief executive Nigel Wood and his family. Wood was chief executive of the RFL when the decision was made to acquire the lease of Odsal Stadium for £1.25 million in December 2011, and when previous owner Andrew Chalmers was chosen above two rival bidders to re-establish a club in Bradford following the Bulls' liquidation in January 2017.
Rugby League chief rejects calls for inquiry into handling of Bradford Bulls saga, claiming it 'could paralyse the sport completely'
Posted on


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Jenn not only takes a fervent approach to content creation and development but she also does so with dynamics that have satisfied thousands of clients in search of unique material over the past two decades. Of her most unusual specialties include developing content for reconstructive surgeons, cosmetic dentists, and criminal defense attorneys.
art, business, cooking, DIY, education, entrepreneurship, gardening, health, home improvement, journaling, mixed-media art, painting, parenting, photography, technology, wellness
Jenn started as an English major but decided to add a minor in Legal Studies after she began her studies. She made this decision not only to supplement her freelance writing career but also to help advance further aspirations.
Jenn has covered a myriad of health issues including fibromyalgia, menopause, diabetes, and nutrition. She's also written extensively about senior care, as well as home health providers.
Jenn works hard to meet the needs of her clients no matter what type of writing project they are requesting. This could be product descriptions, Facebook posts, Tweets, or any other type of marketing material.
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Jenn has many blog posts and articles focused on craft subjects, topics, how to's. She has also worked as a part-time art teacher on a freelance basis at elementary schools. Jenn G. also has several self-published books containing craft projects and how-tos for school-aged children, or novice adult artists.
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Jenn has an extensive background writing blog posts as a ghostwriter, as well as with her byline. Her background covers a wide variety of topics ranging from law to family to home improvement and everything in between. She is a firm believer in the phrase, "write what you know," as well as, "write what you WANT to know." That being said, there is not a topic she is not willing to research thoroughly and present. Most recently, she blogged about businesses for those looking for jobs and senior care for those caring for loved ones aging in place.
Jenn has written dozens of product descriptions ranging from electronics to medical devices to publications to home interior elements and everything in between.
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Jenn has twenty-five books listed on Amazon, and she was a ghost writer for one for Atlantic Publishing. She also wrote several books for HyperInk Publishing.


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boAt Stone 170 Portable Bluetooth Speakers with True Wireless Sound, Compact IPX 6 Water Resistant Design and HD Sound (Cobalt Blue)
Brand: Boat
Color: Active Black
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Publisher: boAt
Details: The game of portability just got a boost with the boAt Stone 170, flip your scene anywhere anytime with the full 5W's of power. A compact, lightweight and IPX 6 Water Resistant design makes it the perfect companion for a number of sceneries. Stay prepared with the boAt Stone 170. It is packed with an 1800mAh Battery, with a push of up to 6 hours of play time per listening session. So set the mood and accentuate the vibe with the boAt Stone 170. Pick your method of access with Wireless Bluetooth V4.2 and a SD card slot making it perfect for all situations. Extremely simple to navigate, utilize the integrated controls to access a wide range of functions. This includes True Wireless Function, meaning that you can set up two at the same time. Whatever your journey, make sure that you party away with the powerful portability of the boAt Stone 170. The sound is on its way.
Package Dimensions: 6.1 x 3.7 x 3.2 inches


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Sony has officially announced the GP-VPT2BT Shooting Grip With Wireless Remote Commander today. The GP-VPT2BT is an ideal shoooting grip for general photography or vlogging. It offers wireless Bluetooth® remote control, plus outstanding comfort and stability with a wide range of cameras.
Category: Sony Accessories
Up to $600 Off ! 2019 Sony Mirrorless Cameras & Lenses Cyber Monday Deals
Late Update: July 8th, 2020
Sony's mirrorless cameras and mirrorless lenses are best selling products in Camera & Photo Category. 2019 Black Friday & Cyber Monday is on November 29, 2019. There are a lot of great deals live on these days. Sony's 2019 Black Friday deals now already live !
Sony GP-VPT2BT Shooting Grip with Wireless Remote Control to be Announced Next
Nokishita Camera just found that Sony has registered a new shooting grip with wireless remote commander called Sony GP-VPT2BT. You can see the similar shooting grip with wireless remote commander from Meike.
Sony a7R IV now Fully Supported by Adobe
Adobe has just released latest version of Camera RAW, add support of new released Sony a7R IV (B&H Photo Video/Adorama/Amazon).
Profoto Teaser for Sep 18th: "The World of Photography will Change Forever"
Profoto has a video teaser on Youtube for September 18th announcement. Said that "Soon the world of photography will change forever. Curious to find out more? " Stay tuned for more info.
SanDisk Extreme Pro CFexpress Memory Card Announced !
SanDisk has officially announced the world fastest memory card: SanDisk Extreme Pro CFexpress Type B Memory Card. This card has max read speed at 1,700MB/s, and max write speed at 1,200MB/s. Now available for pre-order at B&H Photo Video.
Confirmed ! Sony a7R IV and VG-C4EM Battery Grip to be Announced Today !
The long trusted source Nokishita Camera now confirmed that Sony will announce the new a7R IV full frame mirrorless camera today at 10am ET, New York time. Also the new battery grip VG-C4EM will be also announced today ! Stay tuned !


text: Cancer Lung Cancer Diagnosis Print Chest X-Ray for Diagnosis of Lung Cancer By Lynne Eldridge, MD facebook Lynne Eldrige, MD, is a lung cancer physician, patient advocate, and award-winning author of "Avoiding Cancer One Day at a Time." Learn about our editorial process Lynne Eldridge, MD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Doru Paul, MD on July 02, 2017 Doru Paul, MD, is triple board-certified in medical oncology, hematology, and internal medicine. He is an associate professor of clinical medicine at Weill Cornell Medical College and attending physician in the Department of Hematology Oncology at the New York Presbyterian Weill Cornell Medical Center. Learn about our Medical Review Board Doru Paul, MD Updated on November 25, 2019 Lung Cancer Overview Symptoms Causes Diagnosis Treatment Coping bonetta/iStock/Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Missed and Misdiagnosis Tumor Size Other Abnormalities Screening View All Many people have asked the question, "Can a chest X-ray diagnose lung cancer?" Or instead, you may be wondering about another variety of this question, "If you have a normal chest X-ray but still have a persistent cough, shortness of breath, or pain, could you still have lung cancer?" The quick answer is that more than 20% of lung cancers may be missed on a chest X-ray, but the role of chest X-rays in diagnosing lung cancer is actually a series of several questions. Let's take a look at what chest X-rays can tell us, what they can't tell us (and how they can miss lung cancer) and what you should know if you are asking one of these questions. Importance of Understanding the Role of Chest X-Rays in Diagnosing Lung Cancer We know that lung cancer survival rates are better the earlier a person is diagnosed. At the same time, roughly half of people are diagnosed when their lung cancer is already considered advanced stage lung cancer—cancers which can no longer be cured with lung cancer surgery. If you are concerned that you may have symptoms of lung cancer, or if you have risk factors for lung cancer, keep reading. Understanding how lung cancer is diagnosed, the limitations of some of the tests used in diagnosis, and being your own advocate could literally save your life. This is true whether you have smoked for many years or never touched a cigarette. Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer overall, but lung cancer in never smokers is still the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. In fact, non-smokers are more likely to have the diagnosis missed and be diagnosed in the later stages of the disease. Is a Chest X-Ray Enough to Diagnose or Exclude Lung Cancer? The answer to this question is an emphatic "no." Yet it's important to understand why a chest X-ray alone is not enough and the steps that should be taken if you are concerned. If you have symptoms of or risk factors for lung cancer, a chest X-ray cannot eliminate the possibility that you have lung cancer. Chest X-rays performed in people with lung cancer symptoms miss 20% or more of lung cancers. Unfortunately, we hear from people with lung cancer very often who were at first reassured that they did not have lung cancer based on the results of a chest X-ray alone, and only later—after their tumor was given more time to grow unchecked—did they receive their diagnosis. Signs and Symptoms of Lung Cancer How Often Do Chest X-Rays Miss a Diagnosis of Lung Cancer? Plain chest X-rays miss a diagnosis of lung cancer far too often. There are surprisingly few recent studies looking at the actual incidence of "missed diagnoses" of lung cancer, but the research that has been done is sobering. A review of 21 studies found that 20% to 23% of chest X-rays in people who had symptoms of lung cancer were falsely negative for lung cancer. Looking at this in a different way, a 2013 review of radiology malpractice suits involving the thorax (the chest cavity), found that more than 40% of cases were related to a missed diagnosis of lung cancer. If lung cancer is missed on a chest X-ray, this could at best delay treatment. At worst, considering the average doubling time of lung cancer can be just 136 days, the delay in diagnosis could mean the difference between finding cancer in the early stages when surgery is possible and the later stages in which it has become inoperable. And not only are early lung cancers more likely to be curable, but the greatest improvement in survival rates from lung cancer over the last few decades are also among those who have localized (early stage) disease. If you have symptoms of lung cancer, further testing—often beginning with a CT scan—is needed to rule out the possibility of lung cancer. Why Do Radiologists Sometimes Miss Lung Cancer on Chest X-Rays? If you or a loved one have had a lung cancer missed on a chest X-ray you're likely asking, "How can that happen?" "How could someone not see cancer on a chest X-ray?" And why are some cancers seen in retrospect, looking back at old X-rays, but not found initially? It can help to explain a little bit about what radiologists see on a chest X-ray. Chest X-rays are seen as black and white images; physicians are literally looking at shades of gray and shadows. Substances which have a similar density can all look the same. For example, blood, pus (from an infection), and water can all look very similar. In addition, there are many overlapping structures in the chest. Lung tissue behind the collarbone—the clavicle, for instance—can be difficult to visualize. Other processes in the lungs can further obscure cancer. Pneumonia can hide lung cancers and is not uncommonly found hand-in-hand with lung cancer, as obstruction of the airways from a tumor can lead to pneumonia. Tuberculosis (TB) is a risk factor for lung cancer, but it's not uncommon for lung cancer to be mistakenly diagnosed as TB—they not only look similar on chest X-rays but often have similar symptoms. In addition, chest X-rays give us information about the structure, but do not tell how an area functions. An example that is seen often is a spot that appears on a chest X-ray after a person has radiation therapy for lung cancer. It is hard to tell on an X-ray (or even CT) if that spot is a new tumor that has appeared, or if it is simply scarring related to the radiation therapy. Thankfully, the addition of PET scans has added insight to these questions. A PET scan (which involves the uptake of radioactive sugar by growing cells) can help radiologists see "spots" in the lungs that are actively growing, versus spots which, like scar tissue, are not actively growing. Finding Cancers on a Chest X-Ray: Why Is It So Hard? A simple illustration once given in an editorial in the journal Radiology can help explain the difficulty of finding some lung cancers on a chest X-ray. Have you ever read a "Where's Waldo" book or looked at the "Find the Hidden Picture" illustrations in a copy of "Highlights"? These publications, as well as others which ask you to find the hidden figures in an image, can be used to help explain why finding cancer on a chest X-ray can be so difficult. Though radiologists are experts at finding Waldo on films, some tumors could be equated with the most challenging hidden picture puzzles. In some ways, however, chest X-rays are more difficult to read than the most advanced and challenging hidden picture puzzle. Unlike these puzzles, chest X-rays do not have a key on the side telling you that the object is indeed present somewhere in the picture. In fact, when reading chest X-rays, especially those from people who do not have clear symptoms or risk factors for lung cancer, the chances are that an object (a tumor) is not present and will never be found in the picture (on the films). Statistically, there is not a hidden object to be found. A final difference between an object on a "Where's Waldo" picture and a chest X-ray are that most hidden picture puzzles are printed in color rather than black and white and shades of gray. Lest this discussion leave you feeling too discouraged, keep in mind that it is possible to reduce the risk of errors. In one study the most frequent cause of a missed diagnosis of lung cancer was the failure of the radiologist to compare new chest X-ray films to prior films that had been taken. Just as having side by side hidden picture illustrations in which a figure is present in only one makes it easier to find it in the other, having an older film with which to make a comparison lowers the risk of missing a tumor. When X-Rays Commonly Miss Lung Cancer There are certain situations in which a cancer is more easily missed on a chest X-ray and this includes anatomic considerations, characteristics of the tumor, and risk factors Anatomically, cancers in certain parts of the lungs are more difficult to visualize and are more likely to be missed on a chest X-ray. As noted earlier, dense structures such as bone can hide small cancers. Research studies show that 45% to 81% of missed lung cancers are in the upper lobes. Cancers found in the periphery of the lungs (such as lung adenocarcinoma) are more commonly missed than those that occur centrally near the large airways (such as small cell lung cancer and squamous cell carcinoma of the lungs). There are a few characteristics of lung cancers which also increase the chance of being missed. Size is very important, and tumors smaller than 1.5 centimeters are more likely to be missed than larger cancers. Tumors which have a "ground glass appearance"—something often found with lung adenocarcinomas—also raises the risk that they will not be seen. Finally, the risk factors a person has for lung cancer may increase the chance that a tumor is missed. Some groups of people tend to fly under a physician's radar screen when it comes to the possibility of lung cancer, and in these people, it's more likely that the diagnosis will be missed. Several studies have found that the diagnosis is often delayed for lung cancer in women relative to men (noted in this 2016 review article); in non-smokers relative to people who smoke, as discussed in this 2011 study; and among young adults with lung cancer relative to older people. Size of Tumors, Chest X-Rays, and CT Scans Understanding the size of tumors which can be detected is helpful in understanding the limits of scans. Chest X-rays are more likely to miss small lung cancers (less than 1.5 cm in diameter. A chest CT scan is more accurate, though it can still miss some cancers. What Do Abnormalities on a Chest X-Ray Mean? It's important to take a moment and define some of the confusing terms you may hear when talking about imaging tests of the lungs. Lung nodule: A lung nodule is a spot that is 3 cm (1½ inches) or less in diameter.Lung mass: A lung mass refers to a spot that is greater than 3 cm (1½ inches) in diameter or more.Shadow on the lung: A shadow on a chest x-ray can mean anything from a tumor to the normal overlap of structures present in the chest.Lung neoplasm: The term neoplasm is translated as "new growth" and can be used to describe any form of growth including those that are benign.Lung lesion: The term lung lesion simply means an abnormality. It is often used to describe tumors, both benign and malignant, but can mean essentially anything.Benign vs. malignant: Benign tumors can grow quite large and can recur, but do not spread to other parts of the body. Malignant (cancerous) tumors are those that can metastasize. Can Chest X-Rays be Used to Screen for Lung Cancer? Just as chest X-rays aren't sufficient to rule out lung cancer for those who have symptoms, they are not an effective way to screen for lung cancer either. Since some physicians still order chest X-rays for people who have smoked, it's important to understand why this is the case and what you need to know so that you can be your own advocate in your medical care. Chest X-rays do sometimes find lung cancer in people with lung cancer who do not have symptoms. In fact, if you talk to lung cancer survivors, a common finding is that they had a chest X-ray done for some unrelated reason and cancer was found. All is well when this is the case, but you cannot depend on a chest X-ray to find cancer. In the past, physicians sometimes ordered screening chest X-rays for people who had risk factors for lung cancer (and this is still done some places today). A large study of nearly 150,000 people done in 2011 in which those at risk for lung cancer received annual chest X-rays yearly for four years found that the screening chest X-rays did not decrease the death rate from lung cancer. Certainly, some cancers were detected, but by the time these cancers were seen on a chest X-ray they were large enough so that life expectancy was the same as it would have been if these people had waited until they had symptoms of lung cancer. This is not a reason to despair. Unlike chest X-rays, low-dose CT screening can decrease the risk of death from lung cancer (see below). How Can I Be Screened for Lung Cancer? Lung cancer screening is now available for those who meet certain criteria. Note that screening refers to the detection of cancer in someone who does not have any symptoms. If you have symptoms, further studies will be needed. Also, keep in mind that everyone is different. Some people who do not meet these criteria may wish to be screened and some people who meet the criteria may not wish to be screened. Used according to these guidelines, CT screening could reduce the mortality (death rate) from lung cancer by 20% in the United States. According to the American Cancer Society, current criteria for lung cancer CT screening include:Being between the ages of 55 and 80Having smoked at least 30 pack yearsThose who continue to smoke or quit smoking in the past 15 yearsThose who would be able to undergo treatment if cancer were detected Lung Cancer Screening in Never Smokers While recommendations for screening currently include smoking history, we know that never smokers may be at risk due to a family history of the disease, exposure to radon, exposure to occupational substances such as asbestos, air pollution, and more. A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology in 2019 suggests that CT screening in non-smokers may be effective as well. In this study, low-dose CT screening for lung cancer in never smokers helped find a significant number of lung cancers (and at an early stage) that would otherwise have been missed. It's not certain the dangers that would be involved in screening never smokers (such as the risk of causing cancer due to the radiation involved in imaging), but other possibilities, such as liquid biopsies, may offer better methods of screening non-smokers for lung cancer in the future. What Can You Do Yourself to Avoid a Misdiagnosis or Missed Diagnosis of Lung Cancer? It can be frightening to hear about the incidence of missed lung cancers on chest X-rays, but this doesn't mean you need despair. As noted above, CT screening can decrease the risk of death from lung cancer among those who have risk factors. Yet even for those without these risk factors, there are several things you can do: If you have a chest X-ray, make sure your doctor is aware of—and has available for comparison—any old chest X-rays you have had. As noted above, neglecting to compare new chest X-rays to old is the number one cause of missed diagnoses.Make sure that all of your symptoms and risk factors are listed on the order form that the radiologist will see. These essentially give the radiologist a heads up that the "hidden figure" on the "find the picture" is more likely to be present.Don't give up if you continue to have symptoms of lung cancer, such as shortness of breath or a persistent cough. Regardless of the diagnosis, your symptoms deserve an explanation. Further testing will likely be needed. Keep in mind that even CT scans can miss some lung cancers, and testing beyond even a CT scan may be required. If you are still not getting answers, consider getting a second opinion. Sometimes two (or more) minds are better than one.See if there is anything you can do to reduce your risk of developing lung cancer. A Word From Verywell Chest X-rays may be helpful in finding a lung cancer but cannot exclude the presence of cancer. In contrast, a normal chest X-ray may convey the false reassurance that everything is okay. Chest X-rays can miss small and potentially curable lung cancers. If you have unexplained symptoms or risk factors for lung cancer, make sure you talk to your doctor. Was this page helpful? Thanks for your feedback! Limiting processed foods and red meats can help ward off cancer risk. These recipes focus on antioxidant-rich foods to better protect you and your loved ones. Sign up and get your guide! Sign Up You're in! Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. There was an error. Please try again. What are your concerns? Other Inaccurate Hard to Understand Submit Article Sources Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2019. Bradley SH, Abraham S, Callister ME, et al. Sensitivity of chest X-ray for detecting lung cancer in people presenting with symptoms: a systematic review. Br J Gen Pract. 2019. doi:10.3399/bjgp19X706853 Baker SR, Patel RH, Yang L, Lelkes VM, Castro A. Malpractice suits in chest radiology: an evaluation of the histories of 8265 radiologists. J Thorac Imaging. 2013;28(6):388-91. doi:10.1097/RTI.0b013e3182a21be2 Henschke CI, Yankelevitz DF, Yip R, et al. Lung cancers diagnosed at annual CT screening: volume doubling times. Radiology. 2012;263(2):578-83. doi:10.1148/radiol.12102489 Hochhegger B, Alves GR, Irion KL, et al. PET/CT imaging in lung cancer: indications and findings. J Bras Pneumol. 2015;41(3):264-74. doi:10.1590/S1806-37132015000004479 Del Ciello A, Franchi P, Contegiacomo A, Cicchetti G, Bonomo L, Larici AR. Missed lung cancer: when, where, and why?. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2017;23(2):118-126. doi:10.5152/dir.2016.16187 Hsu CL, Chen KY, Shih JY, et al. Advanced non-small cell lung cancer in patients aged 45 years or younger: outcomes and prognostic factors. BMC Cancer. 2012;12:241. doi:10.1186/1471-2407-12-241 Oken MM, Hocking WG, Kvale PA, et al. Screening by chest radiograph and lung cancer mortality: the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) randomized trial. JAMA. 2011;306(17):1865-73. doi:10.1001/jama.2011.1591 Ersek JL, Eberth JM, Mcdonnell KK, et al. Knowledge of, attitudes toward, and use of low-dose computed tomography for lung cancer screening among family physicians. Cancer. 2016;122(15):2324-31. doi:10.1002/cncr.29944 Kang HR, Cho JY, Lee SH, et al. Role of Low-Dose Computerized Tomography in Lung Cancer Screening among Never-Smokers. J Thorac Oncol. 2019;14(3):436-444. doi:10.1016/j.jtho.2018.11.002 Additional Reading Pass HI. Principles and Practice of Lung Cancer: The Official Reference Text of the IASLC. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010. Vinas F, Ben Hassen I, Jabot L, Monnet I, Chouaid C. Delays for diagnosis and treatment of lung cancers: a systematic review. Clin Respir J. 2016;10(3):267-71. doi:doi.org/10.1111/crj.12217 Yang P. Lung cancer in never smokers. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2011;32(1):10-21. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1272865


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WFN World Rankings - decision time on hybrids and B teams
Authored by: Brett Northey on Sunday, September 03 2017 @ 11:51 pm ACST
In response to Conyers suggestion of wiping older results, it really doesn't matter too much. The system is designed so that older results fade away anyway, but in a subtle way.
Brett Northey - Co-founder and Chief Editor of WFN
WFN World Rankings - decision time on hybrids and B teams
Authored by: Cam Homes on Monday, September 04 2017 @ 12:10 am ACST
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Related Garments
Limited edition collection with contemporary American artist Spencer Mar Guilburt featuring his THIS MEANS MAR designs on our socks and boxer briefs. Avoid adjusting throughout the day, the underwear won't ride up your thigh.
Additional Details:
- Includes a matching set of casual socks and no-show socks
- Boxers: 95% cotton, 5% spandex
- Socks: 75% cotton, 23% polyamide, 2% elastane


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MOSCOW (Sputnik) — In April, French Foreign Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault announced that the ministers of 20 countries would take part in a meeting in Paris to relaunch the Israeli-Palestinian peace process. Neither Israeli nor Palestinian officials will be attending the event scheduled for June 3.
"Direct negotiations are the only way to achieve peace. We will not achieve it through a UN-style international conference, or diktats from the international community regarding our security," Netanyahu told French Prime Minister Manuel Valls in Jerusalem, as quoted by the Haaretz newspaper.
The Israeli prime minister urged his French interlocutor instead to advance direct negotiations with Palestinian leader Mahmoud Abbas.
In May, Palestinian Ambassador to Russia Abdel Hafiz Nofal told Sputnik that Palestine welcomes the French plan to hold international ministerial Israeli-Palestinian peace negotiations but has some concerns over the participating sides.
Palestinians seek diplomatic recognition for their independent state on the territories of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, which is partially occupied by Israel, and the Gaza Strip. Israel has been building settlements on the occupied territories despite objection from the United Nations.


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Budget 2020 Breakfast Briefing
October 9th, 2019 @ 7:45 am - 9:15 am€10 – €20
Our annual Budget Networking Breakfast takes place on Wednesday, October 9th, 2019 and is kindly sponsored by AIB Mullingar.
Taking part in The Greville Arms Hotel, Mullingar with guest speakers John O' Connell and Joe McDonnell from Stephens Cooke & Associates, Mullingar, who will give a comprehensive technical analysis of the Budget 2020 and what it means for your business.
This event is available to both Mullingar Chamber members and non-members and is an excellent networking opportunity for business people from Mullingar and surrounding areas.
Ticket Costs
€10 Members
€20 Non-Members
Itinerary Includes
7.45am Registration
8.00am Breakfast
8.15am Presentation and Q&A
9.15am Finish
To book please complete the attached registration form here and return to email@example.com
Alternatively, you can telephone us on 044 9344044 or email firstname.lastname@example.com


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The Ziavic Story ...
Growing up in a Polynesian culture, founder, Victoria was taught to appreciate the natural beauty of our earth and its resources. Plants were integral to her daily routine from a young age. Whether she was picking ti leaves and hibiscus to make her own costumes for performances with her hālau. Weaving baskets and hats from pandanus leaves, or picking fruits off the trees in her backyard for breakfast. The use of plants in everyday life was second nature to her. She was also no stranger to the use of botanicals as health and beauty treatments. Her mother, who was born and raised in the Fiji Islands, taught her sisters and her how to treat and condition their hair using monoï. Her aunt applied tamanu oil to her skin to soothe sunburns and mosquito bites while she and her sisters applied homemade tropical fruit and honey masks to their faces as beauty treatments.
As Victoria grew older, she realized how much she admired the efficacy of these natural treatments. With the help of her father who worked as a botanist on the islands, with some of the pioneers of South Pacific botany, she set out to learn all about the scientific aspects of these native plants and their proven properties.
Victoria founded Ziavic Beauty to connect the beauty of nature with the beauty of the person. Her mission is to provide advanced skincare products created with natural, botanical ingredients that have been used for generations in the Pacific Islands.


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| 13.3°C Dublin
A retired judge showed no fear when a 33-year-old man tried to hijack her car in a frightening incident in Dublin .
Gillian Hussey (78) refused to be intimidated when the man got into her car and demanded her keys in the Old Naas Road area of west Dublin on Thursday afternoon.
The Herald has learned that Ms Hussey was sitting in the vehicle at around 1pm when the man jumped in, but he fled as soon as she refused to hand the keys over.
It is understood that gardai were called and the suspect was picked up a short time later and taken to Rathcoole Garda Station where he was questioned about the attempted unauthorised taking of a vehicle before being released without charge.
A file will be prepared for the DPP in relation to the incident.
The suspect lives in the Drumcondra area and it is understood that the incident may not have been premeditated.
No violence was used in the course of the attempted carjacking which lasted only a few seconds.
"Gillian Hussey was always a very plucky, no-nonsense judge and she showed this week that she has lost none of her pluck," a source said.
"She was not intimidated by this individual during what must have been a very scary moment for her."
In March, 2002, Ms Hussey retired as a judge where she had presided over the now-defunct Kilmainham District Court in Dublin's south inner city for 16 years and had dealt with many high profile cases during that time.
Ms Hussey qualified as a solicitor in 1958, and was appointed district justice in 1984.
Among the offenders who stood before her were singer Phil Lynott over a drugs possession charge. Notorious drug dealer John Gilligan and the double killer Michael Bambrick also appear in her court.
She was an outspoken critic of the "revolving door" system, and in 1997 said she had "gone off" sentencing people because of the lack of prison places.
Sources say that she is remembered as "a very strict but extremely fair judge ."
Ms Hussey became chairwoman of the Catholic Church's Child Protection Committee after she retired from the bench.
Online Editors


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The Kennedys (2011)
The Kennedys is an Emmy-winning Canadian-American television miniseries chronicling the lives of the Kennedy family, including key triumphs and tragedies it has experienced. It stars Greg Kinnear, Katie Holmes, Barry Pepper and Tom Wilkinson among others, and is directed by Jon Cassar. The series premiered in the United States in April 2011 on ReelzChannel and on History Television in Canada.
- Joel Surnow
- Stephen Kronish
Release Date: 2011-04-03
Seasons: 1
Seasons: 1
Metacritic: 6.8/10
TMDb: 6.5/10
TMDb: 6.5/10
- Country: CA, US
- Language: En
- Runtime: 346
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- Published Full Review


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PROVIDENCE, R.I. – The Johnson & Wales women's soccer team defeated the Regis College Pride by a score of 5-0. Wildcats assisted on four of their five goals.
Alexis Vieira (JWU): 1 goal, 1 assist
Jordan Restivo (JWU): 1 goal, 1 assist
Cat Nolan (JWU): 1 goal, 1 assist
Of Note:
Alexis Vieira broke through first on a beautiful centering pass from Cat Nolan to give the Wildcats a 1-0 lead. Fifteen minutes later Jordan Restivo fired a shot past the Regis keeper extending the lead to 2-0.
Chloe Henriksen opened scoring in the second half with a looping shot from 35 yards out, her third goal of the season. Jordan Petrucci collected a centering pass from Jordan Restivo and found the twine, extending the Wildcats lead to four. Cat Nolan added to her season total scoring 3:32 later on a goal line pass from Victoria Patriarca.
Four separate Wildcats tallied three points in the contest; Vieira, Nolan, Henriksen and Restivo.
Wildcats outshot the Pride 12-7.
Up Next:
The Wildcats will host the GNAC Semifinals versus the Lasers of Lasell University, Tuesday November 5 at 7 p.m. JWU defeated LU earlier this season at home 2-0, their first time since 2011.


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Rajasthan High Court: The Bench of Pushpendra Singh Bhati, J., allowed the writ petition filed to challenge the order passed by the District Collector whereby revision petition was allowed and the valid pattas issued to the petitioner were cancelled.
The facts of the case were that the petitioners were in peaceful possession of the land under the questioned pattas before the revisions came to be instituted. The pattas were lawfully issued to the petitioners after due enquiry and following the requisite procedure provided under the Panchayati Raj Act and the Land Allotment Rules. The revisional authority went on to delve into disputed questions of facts and proceeded to quash the pattas of land lawfully issued to the petitioners without any justification.
The Court was convinced that the revisional authority acted in an unjust manner as the revision came to be instituted after a few years from the date of issuance of the pattas. Further, no reason or cause was set up in the pleadings of the revisions as to why the pattas issued to the petitioners, who belonged to the weaker sections of the society were being challenged after a gross delay. The administration being the revisionist did not set up a case that it was not aware of these pattas for all these years. A period of three years should normally be sufficient to be treated to be the outer limit for entertaining a challenge to a patta or any such allotment. The Court thus allowed the petition. [Bhiku Kanwar v. State Of Rajasthan, S.B. Civil Writ No. 4611/2019, Order dated 27-03-2019]


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You lucky devil. You just found copycat recipes for all of your favorite famous foods! Bestselling author and TV host Todd Wilbur shows you how to easily duplicate the taste of iconic dishes and treats at home. Find all the best restaurant recipes from KFC to Outback Steakhouse here. New recipes added every week.
- Kenny Rogers Roasters
- Koo Koo Roo
- Krispy Kreme
- Leonard's Bakery
- Little Caesar's
- Lone Star Steakhouse
- Long John Silver's
- LongHorn
- McDonald's
- Maggiano's
- Maid-Rite
- Margaritaville
- Marie Callender's
- Mastro's
- Max & Erma's
- Melting Pot
- Mimi's Cafe
- Olive Garden
- On the Border
- Orange Julius
- Original Pancake House
- Original Tommy's
- Outback Steakhouse
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In 1996, McDonald's set out to target more educated taste buds in a massive advertising campaign for its newest burger creation. We watched while Ronald McDonald golfed, danced, and leisurely hung out with real-life grown-up humans, instead of the puffy Mayor McCheese and that bunch of wacko puppets. Supposedly the Arch Deluxe, with the "Adult Taste" would appeal to those dancers and golfers and anyone else with a sophisticated palate. But let's face it, we're not talking Beef Wellington here. The Arch Deluxe was just a hamburger after all, with only a couple of elements that set it apart from the other menu items. The big difference was the creamy brown mustard spread on the sandwich right next to the ketchup. And you were able to order the burger with the optional thick-sliced peppered bacon. But the pitch didn't work out the way Micky D's had hoped. Sales of the Arch Deluxe were disappointing and the Arch Deluxe was soon a Dead Food. Good thing I cloned this burger when I did.
Source: Even More Top Secret Recipes by Todd Wilbur.
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A big part of the Big Mac's appeal is the tasty "secret" spread slathered onto both decks of the world's most popular double-decker hamburger. So what's so special about this sauce? It's basically just thousand island dressing, right? Pretty much. But this sauce has a bit more sweet pickle relish in it than a typical thousand island salad slather. Also, I found that this clone comes close to the original with the inclusion of French dressing. It's an important ingredient—ketchup just won't do it. That, along with a sweet-and-sour flavor combo from vinegar and sugar, makes this sauce go well on any of your home burger creations, whether they're Big Mac clones or not. If you like this recipe, check out Todd Wilbur's McDonald's Special Burger Sauce.
Source: Even More Top Secret Recipes by Todd Wilbur.
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This fast-growing West Coast chain is another popular contender in the home meal replacement biz, which includes Boston Market and Kenny Rogers Roasters. In 1990, shortly after Kenneth Berg sold his mortgage banking business for $125 million, he came across a little two-unit chicken chain in Los Angeles that seemed to attract clientele from an income bracket above that of typical burger chain customers. Kenneth discovered that the chicken served in these stores was not only delicious but also prepared with a secret marinade and baste that allowed the chicken to be cooked in a more health-conscious way—without skin. The owners of the restaurants, brothers Michael and Raymond Badalian, created a marinade of juices and spices that kept the chicken moist and juicy inside. The company claims the chicken is marinated for up to seventy-two hours in this secret concoction and then brushed with a tangy baste when grilling. Just three months later, Kenneth purchased the chain for $2.5 million—ten times what it was earning each year—and expanded into other Western states, growing the restaurant to around forty units strong. That's about the time the company merged with Family Restaurants, the corporation behind the El Torito and Chi-Chi's Mexican food chains.
Nutrition Facts
Serving size–2 peices
Total servings–4
Calories per serving–195
Fat per serving–8 g
Source: Low-Fat Top Secret Recipes by Todd Wilbur.
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With Southwestern-style dressing, corn, peppers and fresh cilantro, this is a great-tasting clone. Koo Koo Roo's "California Style" flame-broiled and rotisserie chicken meals come with a wide selection of very tasty side dishes, including Tangy Tomato Salad, Garlic Mashed Potatoes, and Confetti Rice. This cold Santa Fe Pasta salad is one of the favorites on the long list of 24 sides. And here's the TSR hack recipe to help you make a version of your own that tastes as good as the real thing.
Nutrition Facts
Serving size–6 ounces
Total servings–10
Calories per serving–230
Fat per serving–5g
Source: Low-Fat Top Secret Recipes by Todd Wilbur.
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From 1990 to 1993, Little Caesars sales growth ranked in the top five in the restaurant industry, accoring to Nation's Restaurant News Magazine. As of 1993, the company had more than 4,800 outlets raking in $2.3 billion. Business was so good that founder Michael Ilitch was able to purchase the Detroit Red Wings hockey team in 1982, and then the Detroit Tigers in 1992. Ilitch also owns several arenas and theaters, including the Second City comedy theater in Detroit.
The Crazy Sauce, basically souped up pizza sauce, is usually served with Crazy Bread, for dipping. You can get my Crazy Bread clone here.
Source: More Top Secret Recipes by Todd Wilbur.
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Check out how simple it is to recreate any of the three flavors of McDonald's thick shakes from scratch. Just three ingredients for each clone. Really. And the secret ingredient for the chocolate and strawberry flavors is Nesquik mix. Throw everything in a blender and press a button. And if you want your shake thicker, just put it in the freezer for a while. Ah, creamy, frosty goodness.
Source: Top Secret Recipes: Sodas, Smoothies, Spirits & Shakes by Todd Wilbur.
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Here's an updated Olive Garden fettuccine alfredo recipe from Top Secret Restaurant Recipes that includes more grated Parmesan cheese and fresh garlic instead of garlic powder. You'll find this sauce thickens easier and has an improved Olive Garden taste. Just be sure not to crank the heat up too high when simmering the sauce or it could break, resulted in a not-so-creamy, curdled Alfredo. Also check out our copycat Olive Garden toasted ravioli recipe!
Source: Top Secret Restaurant Recipes by Todd Wilbur.
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Menu Description: "White and red beans, ground beef, tomatoes and pasta in a savory broth."
It's amazing how many lousy clone recipes for this delicious chili-like soup are floating around. Cooking message boards, and questionable sites that claim to have "actual restaurant recipes" have for years passed off numerous versions that disapoint home chefs. Other formulas leave out major ingredients that you can clearly see in the real thing, like the carrots, or ground beef, or two kinds of beans. Others don't even get the pasta right—it's clearly ditalini pasta, which are short little tubes. If you want the taste of Olive Garden's famous Pasta e Fagioli at home, this may be the only recipe that will live up to a side-by-side taste test. Beware of imitation imitations!
Source: Top Secret Restaurant Recipes 2 by Todd Wilbur.
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Coffeehouses have replaced many of the old Orange Julius stands, but there's still a nostalgic group of us who long for the frothy juice drinks invented decades ago by Julius Freed. Today Orange Julius has tailored its business to meet the changing demands of its customers by including several varieties of fruit drinks and updated smoothies on its menu. But it's the foamy fruit juice creation developed in the late twenties that made the company famous, and that's what I've cloned here in this Orange Julius copycat recipe, an improved version that's found in the book Top Secret Recipes: Sodas, Smoothies, Spirits & Shakes. The flavor and consistency is better now, plus we use the blender to dissolve the sugar before adding the ice. Use pasteurized egg whites found packaged in your local supermarket or just use egg substitute, which is also made from pasteurized egg whites.
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Along with your meal at this huge national steakhouse chain, comes a freshly baked loaf of dark, sweet bread, served on its own cutting board with soft whipped butter. One distinctive feature of the bread is its color. How does the bread get so dark? Even though this recipe includes molasses and cocoa, these ingredients alone will not give the bread its dark chocolate brown color. Commercially produced breads that are this dark—such as pumpernickel or dark bran muffins–often contain caramel color, an ingredient used to darken foods. Since your local supermarket will not likely have this mostly commercial ingredient, we'll create the brown coloring from a mixture of three easy-to-find food colorings—red, yellow and blue. If you decide to leave the color out, just add an additional 1 tablespoon of warm water to the recipe. If you have a bread machine, you can use it for kneading the bread (you'll find the order in which to add the ingredients to your machine in "Tidbits"). Then, to finish the bread, divide and roll the dough in cornmeal, and bake.
Source: Top Secret Restaurant Recipes 2 by Todd Wilbur.


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Sativa-dominant Hybrid (90/10), a crossbreed of Mexican and Thai sativa strains, along with Afghani indica. Trainwreck has an aroma of sweet lemon with pine scent and flavor, accompanying an intense head high and numbing body buzz.
A good nighttime choice with potent results, medical patients have found it to be effective for cramps, pain, joint stiffness, eating disorders, mental issues, and insomnia.
Flav Joints & Sticks are discreet, easy to use disposable vaporizers. Loaded, charged, and ready to enjoy!


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Originally posted 2019-04-01 09:00:45.
What is the best way to help children make friends? Every year, especially around the start of school, moms and dads the world over ask themselves this question. The truth is, the answer depends on the child.
In other words, there is no cookie-cutter approach if your goal as a parent is to help children make friends.
A Word on Personality Types
Some children are more comfortable in social situations than others. As a result, some children find it easy to make friends. Parents often want to help children make friends, but to do so they have to understand what's going on behind the scenes.
Children are just like adults in many respects, including the fact that some are sociable and others are not. But it would be a mistake to assume that the less sociable children are in any way at a disadvantage.
In many ways, the ability to make friends is purely a function of personality. Extroverts, for example, draw their energy from interactions with others. They like to talk and interact and be heard because extroverts draw their energy from those with whom they interact.
On the flip side, you have introverts, who tend to be quieter and reserved. It's not that they prefer isolation, but they draw their strength from within and do not rely on others for stimulation the way extroverts do.
If you want to help children make friends, you've got to pay attention to their personality type.
The differences in personality types are especially true for adults, but for children, it gets a bit murky. Extroverted children tend to be more sociable and therefore have more friends.
Introverted children, however, are not as naturally comfortable in social situations, so many times worried parents perceive a problem where in fact there is none.
Some children are just shy, which is normal and certainly no cause for alarm. The truth of this statement though is often lost on worried parents, who have in their minds a vision of what a well-adjusted child should look like in social situations.
If a child is introverted, is it the parents' responsibility to help them make friends? If it is, how do they go about doing that? If it isn't, what should they be doing instead?
The actual answer to these questions has more to do with understanding what a child actually needs in the first place.
Related: Does your child suffer from social anxiety? Visit Informed Therapy Resources to learn how to help them overcome it.
Let's Talk about Sociability
Sociability is the degree to which a person is able to navigate social situations and to make friends. Like personality or mental illness, sociability exists on a spectrum, where "0" is low functioning autistic and "100" is full-blown psychopathic narcissism.
One of the defining characteristics of autism is marked impairment in social situations. One of the defining characteristics of narcissism is the belief in a pre-ordained right to be the center of attention.
As should be evident, this is not an either-or situation. Each and every one of us falls somewhere on that spectrum, hopefully somewhere around the middle, where your social skills fall into a category that could best be described as "normal."
But what is normal, exactly? More importantly, when should parents start to worry that their child's behaviors are abnormal?
The answer is: it depends.
It depends on the child, their personality and what they want. If a child is an introvert and prefers to spend their time alone making sandcastles, that is not a defect of character or a sign of mental illness – that's a normal, well-adjusted personality. Some kids play king of the mountain; some kids are content to dig in the sand.
Parents often make things worse by trying to fix things that aren't even broken.
A Parable About Personality in Children
Many years ago, two upper-middle-class parents took their eleven-year-old son to see a prominent child psychologist. The parents had tried everything to make their child more sociable. They figured that group lessons at the local country club would be just what the doctor ordered. Golf lessons, tennis lessons, dance lessons, swimming lessons – the list was exhaustive.
But to their surprise, their son would come home every day in tears. He was obviously miserable but they didn't know why. All the other children seemed to love having so much fun.
Why was their boy so different? Exasperated, they brought their son to the child psychologist and explained their plight.
After considering their story, the psychologist sat down with the boy and looked him in the eye. "Do you want to learn how to golf or to dance or to swim?" he asked.
The boy shook his head no.
"Well, what do you want?" the psychologist asked.
The boy's lip began to quiver. "I want to learn how to paint."
The parents looked at one another with surprise. "What should we do?" the father asked the psychologist.
The psychologist shrugged. He said: "I'd start by buying a brush."
Parents often make the mistake of seeing their child as someone they should be, rather than as someone they actually are. Some kids will be king of the mountain. Some kids will play in the sand. And others will draw that scene for others to enjoy.
It all comes down to personal choice, which is a construct of personality. We can no more change this than we can the color of our skin.
So, How Do You Help Children Make Friends?
If parents want to help children make friends, they must first recognize that any attempt to do must first start in the home. Parents cannot waltz into a school and appropriate friends, but they can teach their child the concepts of self-worth and value.
Parents cannot prevent children from making "bad" friends, but they can instill in them a sense of morality. And parents cannot protect their children from the inevitable loss of childhood friends, but they can teach them self-confidence and esteem.
But if you are looking for actionable tips, consider the following:
- Don't ever assume there is a one-size-fits-all way of parenting children. They are all unique and should be treated as such.
- If a child shows interest in something, do whatever you can to encourage that interest. You never know where it will lead.
- Spend time playing with children, especially in activities that promote imagination.
- Have honest (but kind) conversations with your child about the nature of friendship. Encourage them to ask questions, then answer them to the best of your ability.
- Consider using a registered play therapist in your area to teach you and your children self-esteem, healthy boundaries, and positive communication skills.
- Don't ever assume your child knows what he or she is doing. Model healthy relationship behaviors. This starts in the home. The relationship between Mom and Dad is without question the most important one.
- Encourage, encourage, encourage.
- Let your child go at his or her own pace. Social skills take some time to develop. Be patient and kind.
If a child is comfortable in their own skin, there is no social situation they cannot handle. Our lives are the culmination of all the lessons we have learned, and the best strategy for parents is to ensure that our children feel empowered, confident and secure.
This is the real way to help children make friends. It also happens to be the best way to promote success in every aspect of their lives.
If your child suffers from social anxiety, Informed Therapy Resources has some incredible educational materials you should consider investing in. Better to address these issues now while they are still young.