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Table of Contents
- Habitat
- Diet
- Handling
- Diseases, Parasites and Illnesses
Panther chameleons are peaceful creatures that resemble tiny dinosaurs and are only found in Madagascar. They seem to have their own personalities and at times can be very inquisitive. They are small arboreal reptiles that occupy small trees and bushes throughout the coastal areas and rain forests of Madagascar. Panther chameleons like to stay off of the ground to avoid predators and they have evolved over millions of years for this sort of living. They are probably most well known for being masters of camouflage and the colors they display are specific to the region of Madagascar that they come from.
In recent years breeders have begun mixing panthers from various regions to produce even more exotic color combinations. They are also famous for their long sticky tongues, which they can shoot out the length of their body or even further to catch their prey. They have excellent eyesight with binocular eyes that allow them to see in two different directions at the same time. They have fused toes to help them grip branches, prehensile tails made for climbing, and they can free-fall from the tops of trees without harming themselves due to their special cartilaginous ribs. Panther chameleons truly are amazing creatures with their many unique features and exotic color patterns that make them one of the most beautiful reptiles found on the planet.
Here are a few tips that will help you get started in caring for a panther chameleon. Exotic Panthers customers are provided with a more detailed Panther Care Manual, which includes all of our secrets to successfully raising and breeding these amazing creatures.
What is a good enclosure for panther chameleons?
In the wild Panther chameleons can be found living individually in small trees or bushes so in captivity they should be kept separately at all times unless they are mating. The males can be territorial and will show signs of aggression towards other males and also unreceptive females.
Chameleons like fresh air and screened enclosures where the average temperature varies from 65-75 degrees in the nighttime, 75-85 degrees during the day, and up to 90-95 degrees in the daytime basking area. No special nighttime lighting is needed. Glass aquariums should never be used as they can cause stagnant air and can result in respiratory infections. Also be careful of cold air drafts near windows or doors in wintertime. The size of enclosure should vary depending upon the age and size of the chameleon. Adult males require cages that are approximately 2 x 2 x 3 or even 4 feet tall. Females and juveniles require cages that are approximately 18 inches x 18 inches x 3 feet tall, and babies require cages that are approximately 15 inches x 15 inches x 20 inches tall.
A properly designed and furnished cage is one of the most important aspects of panther chameleon husbandry. All sub-adult to adult chameleons should be housed individually. Babies may be reared communally for a couple of months in an appropriate enclosure. The enclosure must be a large enough space so the animal may conduct all of its natural behaviors including, basking, hunting, drinking and feeding, and must accomplish the following objectives:
- Provides good ventilation on all sides, top and bottom of the enclosure. Poor ventilation, as in a glass aquarium, traps stagnant air, provides an opportunity for fungus and bacteria to grow, and is difficult to clean and disinfect. Respiratory infections (often fatal for baby chameleons), eye infections and skin infections are common diseases for chameleons housed in solid-walled enclosures.
- Safely supports a lighting system indoors, including at least one incandescent basking lamp for heat and UV-A, and one fluorescent lamp that emits UV-B (e.g. ReptiSun 5.0 by Zoo Med), or a mercury vapor lamp that emits UV-B, UV-A and infrared heat (e.g. DRAGONLITE by Marc Weiss Companies, Inc.).
- Allows exposure to direct sunlight and fresh air. Whenever the temperatures outdoors are within the preferred range of your species, the enclosure should be transferred outside so your chameleon can bask in the sun, which is the best source of UV-B irradiation (see Metabolic Bone Disease). Never place an enclosure with glass walls in the sun as the interior may overheat and kill the chameleon.
- Facilitates easy removal of excess drinking water on a daily basis. Cages with screened floors work best for this purpose. As a volume of rapidly dripping water passes through the chameleon's cage, the panther chameleon can lap water from the plants and the excess (which far exceeds the amount consumed) drains into a basin under the cage when the cage in indoors, and can simply fall onto the ground outdoors. Enclosures with solid floors require an extra expenditure of effort to remove the excess water that accumulates on a daily basis and are therefore not recommended.
- Allows the chameleon to perch above your eye level. Chameleons are arboreal creatures in nature and some species normally perch at heights of six feet or more. This gives chameleons a sense of security that should be factored into their captive environment. Enclosures that open from the top, such as aquariums, are usually placed low to provide easy access for the keeper. Most chameleons in this environment attempt escape by reaching for their keeper whenever the top is opened. This behavior is usually interpreted as a sign of friendliness, but chameleons that constantly react in this fashion are probably just seeking escape or a higher perch because they are uncomfortable in their enclosure.
- Predator-proof. Chameleons housed outdoors must be safe from attacks by birds, cats, dogs, rats, snakes, and a variety of nocturnal predators. It is advisable to perform a flashlight inspection after dusk to ensure that chameleons choose a sleeping perch that is inaccessible to predators.
Common Mistakes
Although chameleons are often slow-moving animals, they require a lot of space for their physical and emotional comfort and security. Buying or making the wrong enclosure can be an expensive mistake, especially if it results in serious injuries or poor health for your panther chameleon. A trip to the veterinarian for health problems resulting from poor caging can result in medical costs that far exceed the cost of an appropriate cage. The following cage materials are not recommended:
- Cages constructed of aluminum window screen are not advisable for medium to large adult chameleons (i.e., F. pardalis) as there is the potential for claw damage or claw amputation if the chameleon spends significant time traversing the enclosure walls.
- Fiberglass screen should be avoided as the coating can degrade, exposing sharp fiberglass threads.
- Hardware cloth or other uncoated metal wire can cause serious foot and snout injuries.
- Dense mesh material can block adequate exposure to light and UV-B resulting in depression, lethargy, anorexia or metabolic disorders.
- Aquariums or other solid-walled enclosures may result in serious bacterial or fungal diseases, some of which are life threatening.
What type of lighting do panther chameleons need?
We recommend taking your chameleon outdoors to soak up the natural sunlight as much as possible. Chameleons can develop health problems without being exposed to UVB rays that help them to absorb calcium. This is one of the most important things to watch to help ensure your chameleon will enjoy a long, happy, and healthy life. Recent studies have found that as few as 8 hours per week of natural sunlight is enough. Always make sure to provide an area that is shaded in case your chameleon has had enough sun.
If you are in a part of the country where you cannot take your chameleon outdoors regularly then you can also provide UVB rays for them through artificial lighting. We recommend using Zoo Med's Reptisun 5.0 fluorescents that emit UVB rays. These lights should be put on automated timers with 12-hour cycles and bulbs should be replaced every 6-8 months as they lose their power over time. Make sure to provide branches or vines that will allow your chameleon to climb within 6 inches of the light source so they can soak up as many UVB rays as they like!
Your chameleon also needs a small basking area during the daytime where the temperature is between 85-95 degrees. We use cheap light domes from the hardware store and regular soft white household 60-watt bulbs. Place the dome on the corner of the top of the cage and make sure there is a branch or vine 4-6 inches away for your chameleon to perch upon. Stronger wattage bulbs can be used during winter months or in colder areas of the country to help maintain a proper temperature range.
What humidity should my panther chameleon be kept at?
Chameleons should be kept in humidity levels ranging from 60-80 percent. They enjoy being lightly misted and some of ours even like a nice shower on a hot summer day! They seem to prefer tepid or room temperature water rather than cold water and should be misted 3 times per day or more if you have the time. Although some of our chameleons love being misted more directly than others and will even run over to the area being sprayed it is a good idea to not spray your chameleon directly. Do your best to lightly mist the surrounding plants and screen cage as far away from your panther as possible until droplets form. Baby chameleons will drink readily from the leaves when misted.
Furnishing the Enclosure
The enclosure needs to be equipped with a variety of horizontal perching areas so that the lizard can easily navigate the entire cage. You'll also need to arrange the lights in such a way as to allow your panther chameleon to choose when it wants to be towards the upper and lower temperature limits. Temperature variety is very important and your chameleon will need access to both the upper and lower limits within the same enclosure. That way your chameleon will naturally thermoregulate by moving itself throughout it's enclosure.
Live plants provide security, hiding places, and a surface to lap drinking water from. They also add to the beauty of the enclosure. Many chameleons are known to eat vegetation, so only non-toxic plants should be used in their enclosures. Hibiscus is an ideal non-toxic plant for chameleon cages. They are beautiful plants that provide nutritional plant matter (blossoms and leaves) and good navigation. One commonly recommended plant that should be used with caution is Ficus benjamina. These plants are mildly toxic and excrete a white milky sap when leaves or branches are injured that may cause skin or eye irritation if a chameleon comes in contact with it. Do not place a freshly pruned Ficus in a chameleon cage until the sap has stopped oozing and the wound is dry to the touch.
There are many risks of poisoning from newly purchased plants. Many commercial growers use toxic chemical pesticides, fungicides and plant growth regulators that could make your chameleon very ill (or dead) if ingested. Some of these chemicals are sprayed on plants, others are added to the soil and drawn up by the roots into the leaves of the plant. Washing the plant will NOT eliminate the toxicity of chemicals added to the soil. The safest method of adding a new plant to a chameleon enclosure is to clean the leaves and stems with warm water and mild detergent, rinse thoroughly, re-pot the plant in a new container with organic potting soil that does not contain chemicals, place the plant in a sunny location and wait six months before transferring it into an enclosure that houses a panther chameleon.
Substrates to avoid
The flooring should not contain any substrate such as wood chips, coconut shavings, sand, or small pebbles. This is very important because your chameleon feeds by shooting out it's sticky tongue to catch insects and these substrates can get caught on their tongue causing digestion issues. We recommend using brown commercial grade paper towels or black and white newspapers instead because they are inexpensive, they dry quickly, and are easy to clean too. Paper towels or newspaper also provide fewer options for feeder insects to hide so you can enjoy watching your chameleon track them down quickly.
What are the best watering systems for panther chameleons?
Keeping your panther chameleon well hydrated by providing drinking water in appropriate amounts is one of the most vital aspects of chameleon health. Most chameleons come from areas of the world that receive between 60 and 120 inches of rainfall annually. Chameleons that come from areas with less rainfall are usually found near bodies of water where there is sufficient drinking water available from heavy condensation. In the wild, chameleons lick dew and rain droplets from leaves and are stimulated to drink by the movement of water. Special watering techniques must be used in captivity to stimulate the consumption of adequate volumes of drinking water to keep a chameleon hydrated and healthy. The amount of water required by a chameleon will vary depending on size and species of the animal, air temperature and air humidity levels. Large chameleons that originate from rain forests, such as Calumma parsonii, can require copious amounts of water.
Failing to provide water in an acceptable way (to the chameleon) and in sufficient quantities can cause extremely serious health problems. Chronic low-level dehydration – which can be undetectable to the eye – often leads to irreversible kidney failure followed by death. Dehydrated panther chameleons often become anorexic first, and this should be considered one of the first symptoms of dehydration. If you suspect your chameleon is suffering from dehydration or kidney problems, please ask your veterinarian to administer a blood test to measure the uric acid levels in the blood.
Watering methods
Few chameleons learn to drink water from a standing water dish (with or without an air stone) and this method should be avoided altogether. Waterfalls should also be avoided as they are easily contaminated with feces and are difficult to disinfect properly. Melting ice cubes are not recommended as the frigid temperature of the water may result in avoidance by the chameleon.
Chameleons are naturally attracted to droplets of water that reflect light, and pendulous drops of water hanging from leaves of plants. Keepers of these lizards can take advantage of this by designing watering systems that take this natural preference into account. Following is a list of the most commonly used methods of providing drinking water for panther chameleons and the primary advantages and disadvantages of each method.
|In-Cage Rain Systems
In-cage rain systems deliver large amounts of dripping water throughout a chameleon's living area. These systems can be created a number of ways. Most commonly, some type of PVC tubing is connected to a water supply. The tubing contains holes that drip water onto many surfaces. A valve is generally required to control water flow.Because these systems are capable of delivering large amounts of water, it is essential to plan for a water collection and removal system. This can be as simple as buckets or trays to collect water under the cages, or as sophisticated as drain systems.
|The benefits of this type of watering system cannot be understated. This is the most natural way for a chameleon to receive its water. Some keepers automate the water delivery and removal by timers, thus eliminating a significant portion of the daily maintenance requirements of their chameleons.These systems also increase the relative humidity in the area.
|The primary disadvantage to this type of system is the level of planning and effort to get it working efficiently. However, this disadvantage is more than offset by the tremendous advantages of a functioning system.
|Drip Systems
Drip systems are the most common form of chameleon watering system. They generally consist of a gravity-fed container of water that sits above the enclosure. A plastic tube runs from the water container and into the chameleon cage. Water drips out of the end of the plastic tube.These systems differ from rain systems by offering water in a more isolated area, however an extra length of aquarium airline tubing with multiple holes can be attached to dispense water over a wider area.
|These systems are readily available and portable. They can be set up in minutes and, if properly used, can deliver water sufficient for many species of chameleons if the correct size container is used.
The drip rate must be very fast (approx. 45 drops every 15 seconds) to attract the attention of the chameleon to begin drinking.
|Daily maintenance is required to fill them by hand. Water collection and removal is also required.
|Automated Misting Systems
Automated misting systems are much like rain systems. Rather than dripping water from holes in the hose, misting systems push pressurized water through special heads that create a fine mist.Small droplets of water fall over a broad area. When these droplets collect on leaves, they eventually form drops of water that fall like rain.
|These systems offer many of the same advantages as rain systems. Some smaller chameleons seem to prefer the smaller droplets of water, and are attracted to the mist. Some chameleons may drink by sitting in the falling mist. The water collects and rolls down the casques and into their mouths.Commercial systems are available for purchase. They can also be made from supplies found at most larger garden supply stores.
|Because the water is pressurized, flooding problems can occur if hoses become damaged or loose. Misting heads are prone to mineral deposits that can cause them to clog.
|The Shower Method
Some chameleon dealers recommend moving chameleons into a bathroom shower stall where a small tree or large plant has been placed. Water is then directed from the showerhead over the plant to provide drinking water for the chameleon.
|The shower stall provides an area in which large amounts of water can be provided without risk of flooding. This method can be used in emergency situations, but should not be used as a daily method of providing drinking water due to the disadvantages.
|Many panther chameleons become distressed at being removed from their enclosures and relocated. Stressed animals may become startled and leap to the floor resulting in injury. There have also been reports of scalding injuries from hot water and avoidance due to high water pressure.
|Manual Misting
Another common method of watering chameleons is to simply mist the plants in the chameleon's enclosure once or twice per day with a spray bottle as the sole source of drinking water.
|This technique can be used as the sole source of drinking water for very small species of chameleons (e.g. Ch. fuelleborni, Ch. pfefferi, Brookesia and Rhampholeon species), or babies of all species less than 3 mos. old whose water needs are lower. The plants must be dripping heavily when spraying ceases.
Warm water sprayed daily in conjunction with ALL types of drinking watering systems increases the relative humidity in the environment and helps stimulate a drinking response from panther chameleons.
|It is very time-consuming and difficult (if not impossible) to provide sufficient amounts of drinking water for medium to large chameleons using this technique.
Warning: Adult chameleons of species such as pardalis, calyptratus, oustaleti and jacksonii are at serious risk of developing kidney failure from chronic low-level dehydration using the Manual Misting method as the sole source of drinking water.
What should I feed my panther chameleon?
Wild panther chameleons may prey upon hundreds of species of insects and other invertebrates such as snails and spiders in nature. Some species may also consume vertebrates like lizards and birds that are within their prey-size range. Wild prey feeds on natural and nutritious diets that, in turn, provide varied nutrition to the predator. Many wild chameleons are also reported to eat flowers, leaves, berries, fruit and other living or dried organic matter. Captive chameleons are usually provided fewer than five species of cultured or wild insects. Many cultured insects are malnourished and maintained in unhygienic conditions, resulting in poor nutrition and disease for the chameleon that consumes them.
Providing a varied, healthy, clean diet of live prey is understandably the most difficult aspect of captive chameleon husbandry, requiring an investment of money and time. Wild insects add variety to captive nutrition but most of your panther chameleon's diet should consist of
- Crickets (Acheta domestica)
- Mealworms
- Grain Beetles
- Waxworms
- Wax Moths (Galleria mellonella)
- Superworms
- Beetles
- Fruit Flies (Drosophila species)
- Houseflies (Musca domestica)
- Silkworms
- Silk Moths
- Hornworms
- Sphinx or Hawk Moths
- Tropical Roaches (Blaberus)
- Walking Sticks (Phasmidae species)
- Pygmy Grasshoppers (Tetrigidae species)
- Grasshopper
- Locusts
- Katydids
- Garden Pests
- Pantry Pests
- Wild Moths
- Other Nocturnal insects
How often should I feed my panther chameleon?
Chameleons should be fed daily as babies and then less frequently as they grow older. It is not uncommon for a baby chameleon to eat 20-25 fruit flies or pinhead crickets per day! As they get older the size of their food source should be increased. Sources of food include insects such as crickets, silkworms, super worms, flies, fruit flies, roaches, giant green horned worms, and even a pinky mouse every now and then. Make sure that all insects are free of insecticides before offering them to your chameleon. It is for this reason that we do not offer insects that are wild caught and instead prefer to buy our feeder insects from pet stores or online insect breeders. We do not recommend offering mealworms because their exoskeleton can cause a blockage in your chameleon's digestive system and they also are not very nutritional. Feeding you chameleon a wide variety of insects will make them very happy! It's fun to watch them hunt with their sticky tongues, which can shoot out the distance of their body or longer. Crickets should be their primary food source because they are inexpensive and easily gut loaded with important nutrients.
How do you gut load insects for panther chameleons?
Gut loading is one of the other most important keys to keeping your chameleon healthy. It is the process of feeding your crickets or food source a power packed meal that your chameleons will later ingest. Insects and crickets themselves contain little nutritional value. Imagine how healthy we would be if we only ate the very best nutrients found on the planet for each and every meal! That is how important gut loading is to your chameleon! Commercial gut loads and special breeder developed gut load recipes are readily available but we prefer to make our own gut loads. Crickets need a constant water source and we prefer to use a special wet food recipe that consists of various nutritional fruits, vegetables, and store bought greens for their water source. We also use a special dry food recipe that is rich in calcium and other important nutrients. This ensures that each cricket is power packed with vitamins and nutrients that will help keep your chameleon in tip top shape!
What supplements do panther chameleons require?
After gut loading your crickets, you will also want to dust each cricket with vitamin supplements just to be sure they are getting the correct vitamins they need. It's simple to do and only takes a couple of seconds to throw the crickets into a feeder cup that is filled with the supplement. We use Rep Cal without vitamin D3 for chameleons that are getting natural sunlight or Rep Cal with vitamin D3 for chameleons that are getting only fluorescent lighting. This ensures your chameleon is getting the proper amount of calcium, which is important to their bone structure and especially important for gravid females. We also use a Reptivite Multivitamin and a product called Mineral from time to time. See your breeder about a recommended supplement schedule for babies, juveniles, gravid females and adults.
Drinking Water
Chameleons have adapted to drink raindrops and moisture off of leaves in the trees and bushes they live in. They do not normally drink from standing water but instead are drawn to the movement of raindrops hitting the leaves. Babies and juveniles will drink droplets immediately after a misting.
Water dishes and other methods are not recommended as they are ineffective and can also create bacteria issues. A simple water bottle of any sort with a dripper placed on its bottom end can be used 2-3 times per day. Place the water bottle on top of the cage so that the water droplets hit the leaves below and simulate rain. This movement of the water droplets hitting the leaves will attract your chameleon and they will lick the droplets as they hit the leaf. You might even see your chameleon trying to snatch a raindrop out of the air with its tongue as it falls! Position a water bowl on the bottom of the cage to catch any excess water and be sure to throw this water out regularly.
Panther chameleons can be handled gently and will even get to know you as the person who brings them food and treats. This is especially true with the males, as they seem sometimes be less intimidated than the females or babies. Take notice of your chameleon's colors and posture to see if you are causing it any stress when handling. Happy chameleons will climb onto your hand or a branch, are peaceful moving, and have vibrant colors. Unhappy chameleons may try to escape, are darker in color and may open their mouth or puff up as a sign to you that they do not want to be held. Be gentle and coax them out of their cage by allowing them to climb onto a stick or branch. If you pick them up from inside their cage then be careful not to rip their legs quickly off of a branch or vine. They have amazing grips to hang onto tree limbs and you don't want to injure their foot by moving too quickly.
Once you have the art of handling your chameleon mastered then you can even train them to eat out of your hand. We train our chameleons to take crickets right out of our fingertips with their sticky tongues and it is the highlight of our summer BBQ's! With time your chameleon will become comfortable and will climb up your arm to rest on your shoulder or head. Here they will sit contently with you while you read a book, layout in the sun, or photograph them. Make sure to take lots of photos of your chameleon as they grow and develop.
Diseases, Parasites and Illnesses
Numerous health problems can affect captive panther chameleons. Captive born chameleons generally experience fewer health problems than imported animals. There are many reasons for this, some of which are detailed in Assessing the Health of Wild Caught Chameleons.
It is important to understand that chameleons are excellent at masking symptoms in the early stages of disease. This is a preservation strategy that helps wild chameleons avoid predation. By the time the disease has progressed to the point where a chameleon has visible and obvious signs of illness such as closed or sunken eyes and weak grip, the chances of recovery are low, even with medical intervention. It is essential that keepers observe their panther chameleons daily and react early to any subtle signs of declining health by seeking the help of a veterinarian. Periodic examinations by a veterinarian are also beneficial in determining any changes in health since the previous exam.
While chameleons are subject to many types of disease, the following list includes some of the most common health issues:
Captive-born chameleons can contract parasites from their food (cultured and wild insects) sources, water sources, contact with other reptiles that are parasitized, and poor hygiene. Periodic fecal exams should be performed, particularly if wild insects are part of the chameleon's diet.
Wild-caught imported chameleons usually have one or more species of internal parasites. While many parasites are self-limiting in nature, the stresses of capture and captivity can take a heavy toll. Poor care, stress, overcrowding, injury and food and water deprivation starting from the point of capture and lasting weeks or months until the chameleon is exported, imported and ends up in a retail outlet often sends parasite loads skyrocketing. Treating debilitated chameleons with anti-parasitic drugs may only hasten death in this scenario. Parasites can migrate to organs and lungs, particularly when their stomach is empty, and the prognosis for recovery is poor. See Assessing the Health of Wild Caught Chameleons for more information.
Although many retailers of wild-caught chameleons label them "deparasitized" or "parasite free", it is not common practice for commercial exporters, importers or retailers to have the necessary laboratory analyses performed to identify parasites. You should assume that this is your responsibility when you purchase a chameleon. The costs associated with these veterinary visits and the lab work necessary to perform an accurate assessment of a chameleon's health should be factored into the budget for the initial purchase of a chameleon. Although the selling price of a wild-caught chameleon is often lower than a captive-bred panther chameleon, the medical costs to treat a wild-caught chameleon may close that gap or even exceed the price of the captive bred chameleon! It is unwise to administer anti-parasitic drugs without a diagnosis based on tests performed by a veterinarian. All imported chameleons should be tested for parasites in the gastrointestinal tract by having a fecal examination performed on a fresh stool sample. A blood sample is tested for the presence of blood-borne parasites and a sputum sample is tested for the presence of parasites in the lungs. Your vet will prescribe the appropriate drugs to treat the parasites that are detected by these diagnostic tests. Two or more follow-up tests should be performed after treatment to ensure the parasite(s) has been eliminated. Any changes in fecal matter warrant an exam for parasites. This includes loose stools, blood in the stool, undigested food, mucous-laden or foul-smelling stools. See Hunger Strikes.
Subcutaneous nematodes are also very common and are diagnosed by the presence of an outline of the worm(s) under the skin (see the photo of a F. cephalolepis). These parasites are treated by making an incision in the skin, removing the worm and suturing the incision. This process is repeated periodically until all the parasites are gone.
Metabolic Bone Disease
This is the most commonly reported disease in juvenile panther chameleons. The juvenile form of MBD is called rickets, a crippling disease brought on by nutritional imbalances that can be the result of deficiencies or excesses of several key nutritional elements including calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D3 and vitamin A. Bones become thin and bend or break easily, generally visible as bowed front legs with rounded elbows, and a rubbery lower jawbone. Ribs may fracture easily and spines or tails may be kinked or deformed. The chameleon usually has difficulty navigating quickly, is shaky, unsteady or "clumsy". Organs can also be damaged by this disease. In the latter stages of the disease the chameleon often cannot perch on a branch, is anorexic and cannot project it's tongue to eat or drink independently. The worst aspect of MBD is that it is a slow killer….chameleons crippled with this disease often linger…and suffer. If you suspect your chameleon has signs of rickets or MBD, please have your vet perform an exam and diagnostic tests. An x-ray will determine the extent of bone loss. A blood test may provide valuable information on the extent of kidney damage and the blood levels of calcium and phosphorus.
Exposure to natural sunlight is a key factor in avoiding rickets or MBD.
Lack of Sunlight
No matter where you live (unless you happen to reside at the North Pole!) there is a season that is temperate enough to allow your chameleons an opportunity to be outdoors, especially if you choose appropriate species for your climate. When exposed to the Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation from natural sunlight your chameleon's body will naturally produce vitamin D3, which is required by all reptiles in order to absorb the calcium in their food. Sunlight is an inexpensive health benefit of immeasurable value to chameleons and should be one of your major goals in caring for your chameleon. If you don't have a yard or balcony, place the panther chameleon's cage near an east, south, or west-facing open window. Remember that window glass filters out nearly 100% of the UV-B from sunlight. You can replace regular glass with full-spectrum glass (often referred to as low iron glass) to provide your chameleon with a wonderful, energy-efficient source of natural UV-B.
UV-B, however, is capable of causing thermal burns (i.e., sunburn). This is the reason that lighting manufacturers do not produce bulbs that emit UV-B at equivalent levels to the sun without a medical prescription. Some types of UV-B emitting lighting may also allow your chameleon to produce vitamin D3, but the oral administration of vitamin D3 in powdered or liquid form is advisable for chameleons maintained indoors for long periods without exposure to unfiltered sunlight.
Inappropriate delivery of drinking water is the most common cause of dehydration in captive chameleons. Signs of low-level dehydration may be easy to overlook. In advanced stages the symptoms can include loss of appetite, lethargy, sunken eyes and eventually, death. Maintaining proper humidity levels in your chameleon's environment will help to prevent dehydration, but it is NOT a substitute for drinking water.
Kidney Failure
Kidney failure is a common cause of death in captive chameleons, commonly caused by chronic low-level dehydration. Kidney failure can also be linked to the administration of nephrotoxic antibiotics (e.g., Amikacin) used to treat bacterial diseases. If your veterinarian prescribes antibiotics, discuss this with her or him. Kidney disease is detected through diagnostic blood tests that your reptile veterinarian can perform.
Kidney failure may culminate in gout, a disease that results from high uric acids levels in the blood. Chameleons that develop swelling in the joints or begin dangling a leg (usually a hind leg) while perching may be suffering from this painful disease. Needle-like crystals of uric acid inflame joints, causing pain when the panther chameleon puts weight on the afflicted leg. Your veterinarian should be consulted immediately if you observe this in your chameleon. X-rays and blood tests can be used to diagnose whether the swelling is due to injury or gout. See Dehydration.
Maladaptation to Captivity
With few exceptions, this condition is not observed in captive born chameleons. For a full description of this syndrome, please read Assessing the Health of Wild Caught Chameleons. It is generally believed that maladaptation is primarily caused by captivity-related stress — a chameleon's inability to cope with the loss of freedom aggravated by daily interaction with humans. Signs of maladaptation include pacing the cage, butting the enclosure, lethargy, depression, anorexia, aggression, and poor coloration. Providing extra large, well-planted enclosures for wild-caught chameleons may help alleviate this condition for some chameleons, but for others there is no remedy and the chameleon eventually succumbs to illnesses that cannot be overcome by a depressed immune system. See Stress.
Most chameleons experience some level of stress related to captivity. Chronic stress can be fatal to chameleons because it usually suppresses the immune system, making them more susceptible to bacterial infections, the proliferation of parasites, and other life-threatening health problems.
The following recommendations will help reduce stress in captive panther chameleons:
- Keep the cage in a low or no traffic area of your home. Put up visual barriers between your chameleons and human activity if necessary. Move slowly and deliberately around chameleons.
- House chameleons singly and out of visual range of other chameleons, birds, snakes, other reptiles or any other pets in your household. Birds, snakes and large reptiles are natural predators to chameleons and even captive-born chameleons react with fear and stress when exposed to these animals.
- Remove or block any surface that the chameleon can see it's own reflection in. Chameleons are asocial and the sight of another chameleon can induce stress and defensive displays. This can include window glass and is another argument against the use of enclosures with glass sides.
- Do not place panther chameleons on display in public areas. Chameleons often become accustomed to their keeper after a period of time and may lose their fear of that individual. This loss of fear does not always transfer to another human being, however. Every moving object in the chameleon's field of vision must be analyzed as a potential predator and there is a significant element of stress in every encounter of this type.
- Do not force handling on chameleons that display defensively (rocking, gaping, hissing, biting, etc.) or react by closing their eyes and becoming motionless. Chronic, low-level stress from forced handling usually leads to poor health in chameleons and should be avoided. When a chameleon must be handled, place your hand in front of the chameleon and allow it to walk onto your fingers, but do not grasp a chameleon's neck, back, feet or tail unless it is absolutely necessary to restrain it.
Hunger Strikes and Anorexia
A "hunger strike" refers to a short-term (usually less than a week) refusal of food. The most common cause of a hunger strike is boredom from a monotonous diet comprised of one or two insect species. This problem can often be corrected by adding new prey items. Cessation of feeding may also occur in some females just before giving birth or laying their eggs. This is a natural and temporary condition (normally a week or less) and should not result in a visible loss of strength or body fat.
Anorexia refers to a refusal to eat for longer than a few days (but see brumation), often accompanied by weight loss, weakness and a general decline in condition. Anorexia is not a disease…..it is a symptom of a disease or underlying physiological or psychological problem that must be corrected quickly or death can be the end result. If your juvenile or adult panther chameleon refuses food but it doesn't meet the description of a hunger strike, please have it examined by a veterinarian immediately. Your vet can perform diagnostic tests to determine the cause of anorexia, a course of treatment, and administer nutritional support in the interim so that your chameleon doesn't starve or become dehydrated until it has a chance to recover. Some major causes of anorexia are: chronic stress, parasites, bacterial disease, organ failure, injuries to the mouth, jaw or tongue, nutritional imbalances, and inappropriate temperatures or lighting. See Stress, Maladaptation, Dehydration, Kidney Failure, Metabolic Bone Disease, and Parasites.
Injuries and First Aid
Rapid and appropriate responses to injuries or infections can be critical to a chameleon's survival. Once your chameleon has been treated by a veterinarian for injuries or illness, this article will help you with home nursing with topics like constructing a hospital cage, making comfortable perches for injured feet, creating a clean environment for panther chameleons with eye infections, and methods of providing food and water to your chameleon while they recuperate from a variety of common injuries and health problems.


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By CCN.com: Facebook's Libra cryptocurrency isn't getting any love from CNBC host Joe Kernen, better known on Crypto Twitter as "Bitcoin Joe."
Reacting to a report indicating that founding members of the Libra Association had developed cold feet after the pushback the cryptocurrency has received, the recent Bitcoin convert stated that he has never liked the Facebook coin "one bit."
Kernen then outlined five reasons why.
"I don't like it [Libra] 'cause it's centralized" was Kernen's first shot.
Is he right?
Despite the decentralization phrase and its variants being mentioned ten times in the Libra whitepaper, there has been widespread skepticism regarding this. Libra's cryptocurrency credentials have consequently been questioned, with Facebook being viewed as having central control over the cryptocurrency.
The Facebook coin has even been described as a "banking venture dressed up in cryptography."
Another reason Kernen cited for his anti-Libra stance was the company backing the cryptocurrency project. Without mincing words, Kernen said, "I don't like it 'cause it's Facebook."
When Libra's co-creator David Marcus testified before the U.S. Congress last month, its parent brand of Facebook was constantly cited as a cause of concern.
"I don't like it 'cause … everybody gets to keep the float" was Kernen's third reason for his anti-Libra stance.
While Kernen's rationale was not immediately clear, economists have warned that because everyone with an account will be able to adopt Libra, this could make the use of monetary policy tools to control liquidity and inflation impossible.
The CNBC anchor also stated that the cryptocurrency would not be adding any value to what is already available in the financial sector: "I don't like it 'cause it's like a debit card."
Bitcoin's recent convert is right, and this point is conveyed best by listing off Facebook's partners in the project – the likes of Mastercard, Visa, and PayPal.
The Bitcoin broadcaster's fifth attack relates to Libra's fiat currency peg.
Kernen stated:
"I don't like it 'cause it doesn't have any inherent value." He contrasted this with antiques, gold, and Bitcoin – which he said had "unforgeable value."
But surely Libra must have a redeeming quality in Kernen's view?
He concluded: "I don't like anything about it! Nothing."
Last modified: June 23, 2020 2:36 PM UTC

subset: commoncrawl


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Earl Ft. Scott, KS
Neck and Lumbar Spine Fusion Surgery
"I wouldn't know where to start to thank Ortho Four States. I have returned to doing anything I want to do – building two porches in my Victorian home, large pergola remodeled and constructed a new modern kitchen for my son in his home. All done alone – not bad for 76-year-old man. I take care of my landscaping, yard and flower beds and follow grandkids to their activities and have not found anything to be a handicap thanks to the surgeries."
Before Treatment at Ortho Four States:
"I was told on two different occasions that surgery would not cure the problem. I was in constant pain and sometimes extreme pain. I could not do all the things I wanted to do and had to be careful in all that I did because of hurting and not wanting to fall."


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Sea of thieves is gearing up to set sail on Xbox One and Windows 10 on March 20, and the developers at Rare are looking to catch players up on everything they need to know about the game ahead of time. The studio will hold a live stream on Mixer and Twitch today, starting at 10 a.m. PT (1 p.m. ET, 5 p.m. GMT), where they'll recap everything there is to do in the game, take questions from viewers, and more.
From Rare:
- Get a definitive guide to the Sea of Thieves experience, with a handy overview of what you'll be able to do in the game from day one!
- Find out about the wild and wonderful things going on around the world to celebrate Sea of Thieves' launch, including events (hopefully) near you!
- See some of the finest Sea of Thieves treasures out there on the store shelves and ripe for the taking (note: theft is discouraged in the real world), ranging from original comic books to Xbox One console bundles!
- Put your burning Sea of Thieves questions to Executive Producer Joe Neate and Design Director Mike Chapman in a live Q&A session!
Microsoft and Rare have been going a little crazy when it comes to Sea of Thieves' launch, including a contest for a $110,000 bunch of gold bananas and launching a human cannonball. With today's live stream, the focus will fix back onto the game itself, and players should get a chance to put to rest any burning questions they have left. If you're curious, you can tune in on Mixer and Twitch, or check out the stream via the video embed above.
Sea of Thieves is scheduled for release on March 20 and is available for preorder now at $59.99 on Xbox One and Windows 10. The game will also be available via Xbox Game Pass, which runs $9.99 per month.
We may earn a commission for purchases using our links. Learn more.
Minecraft Dungeons lead talks its next DLC and the future endgame
We talk Minecraft Dungeons' recent Jungle Awakens DLC, the Creeping Winter expansion, and future endgame plans with game director, Måns Olson.
Fix up your Xbox Elite Controller with these parts
Need some replacement parts for your Xbox One Elite Controller? From new paddles, grips, bumpers, thumbsticks, and more, we have you covered.
Hands-on with Windows 10 build 20161 showcasing the new Start menu
Yesterday, Microsoft released a new build of Windows 10 that includes an updated Start menu design with translucent Live Tiles, improvements to Notifications, and behavior changes to things like Tablet Mode and the Taskbar. It's been a while since Microsoft released a build with any surface-level changes, but now it's finally happened, we're back showcasing all the changes on video.


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Miss America's Outstanding Teen presents Jodi Fonfa as the sponsor for the 2012 Fitness Competition Wear designed by ZenBella Active. Each contestant will receive an outfit from ZenBella Active to wear during their onstage fitness competition.
Jodi's commitment to fitness and quality was evident early in her career. Jodi became the first woman personal trainer for "Body by Jake", was crowned "Ms. National Fitness Champion", and has won more than 75 awards in competition. She also produced and choreographed her series of "No Excuses" fitness videos, which include Step, Body Sculpt and Low Impact. In 2001, Jodi starred in a national news magazine show, "Spotlight", as the fitness expert.
ZenBella Active is a premium activewear brand for modern active women. The brand provides comfortable, functional and fashionable fitness wear for all types of exercise and activities such as yoga, running, dancing, hiking, biking and much more.
To learn more about ZenBella or to shop online, please visit their website at www.zenbella.com
Miss America Outstanding Teen, Inc.
Miss America's Outstanding Teen is a scholarship-based program offering accomplished teens the opportunity to be awarded funds for college. The program promotes scholastic achievement, creative accomplishment, healthy living and community involvement for America's teens. In the past seven years, the organization has made available more than $4 million in college scholarships.
For more information, please visit Miss America's Outstanding Teen at http://www.maoteen.org/
- View more Miss America's Outstanding Teen pageant news
- View more pageant news


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I can't breath. I would love to be able to do so though. It feels like to be a lot of pressure is on me to go a certain way. And I'm not sure if I'm going to be looked at differently if i make a certain decision.
Damned if i do. Damned if i don't.


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Media & Case Studies
Case Study / Precinct Properties
Electricity and Network Optimisation
The future of electricity supply in commercial sector.
In a significant conversion and implementation exercise, multi-utility solutions provider Simply Group overhauls Precinct Properties' electricity supply systems across entire portfolio.
In a 12-month process, Simply Group was commissioned by Precinct Properties to roll out embedded networks across its 14 commercial properties in Auckland and Wellington, via its subsidiary company Tenco.
The move came about following Precinct's purchase of the Downtown Shopping Centre from Westfield in Auckland in 2013, which was already running an embedded network.
Tenco General Manager Nick Price who oversaw the operation, says Precinct examined its operating costs against the $80,000 return of Downtown Shopping Centre at the time sparking a comprehensive investigation into its electricity supply.
"Precinct were quick to recognise the opportunities in implementing embedded networks across their portfolio to reduce their operating costs, free up resources, achieve revenue returns and increase the capital value of their assets."
Precinct Development Manager Mike Patching says Tenco made the process significantly easier by its customer-centric approach and vast industry knowledge and contacts base, resulting in substantial commercial benefits for the company.
"There were a few drivers behind our decision to pursue embedded networks across our portfolio. The portfolio has grown historically over time and our assets have included different electricity regimes with different revenue expectations. A significant driver behind this approach was to streamline our processes and be able to offer our clients choice of retailer. Many of our clients were keen to pursue their own electricity supply which previous to having embedded networks we were unable to offer."
Precinct was charging electricity at cost price for several of its portfolio assets, and having to fund maintenance and processing costs internally and carry a significant debt risk from each billing cycle. Patching says the old regime was not commercially feasible.
"Essentially we were buying electricity, processing it, paying to read the meters, paying for administrative resources, and selling it back at the same price, while carrying the debt risk until it was paid. Other issues added to complicate the process further such as arrears and disputes. It was commercially unsound to continue this model. "
Simply Group and Tenco have been managing customers' secondary networks for more than 15 years. This has involved the conversion or setup of more than 100 embedded networks since 2005. Price says as commercial property operators become more astute, there is an increasing demand for embedded networks.
"Our clients include shopping centres, airports, commercial office buildings, apartment buildings and retirement villages. We work with New Zealand's largest property owners throughout New Zealand including property that is owned or managed out of Australia.
Tenco and Simply Group's combined experience, technology and industry knowledge means it has all the necessary facets required to operate successfully across the full spectrum of the New Zealand electricity market.
We have agreements with all the main industry participants including local network companies, large electricity generator and retailers, metering equipment providers, meter reading services providers and their contractors."


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Yesterday, Princess Eugenie took to Instagram to share an adorable holiday snap in a throwback post.
The sweet picture showed a young Eugenie playing on the beach with a bucket and spade, covered in a thick layer of sun cream and wearing a cute sun hat with matching navy swimsuit.
Alongside the snap, Eugenie wrote: "As the Summer is coming, here is a throwback to when I clearly did a good job at rubbing in my sun cream! 🌞🌞"
Royal fans loved the never-before-seen picture just as much as us, taking to the comment section to share their thoughts.
"So cute😍", one fan wrote, while another joked: "🤣 That looks like a mother's loving application."
A third fan commented: "You are the cutest!!! 😍💕😂".
This isn't the first old snap the Princess has shared with fans on social media. She regularly posts 'throwback Thursday' pictures sharing sweet insights into her childhood,with pictures of her and her sister Beatrice and with her mum Sarah Ferguson.
Like this article? Sign up to our newsletter to get more articles like this delivered straight to your inbox.
From: Good Housekeeping UK


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May 12.2016
I quoted precious interview from JazzWax.[April 06, 2009]
He listened many jazz records by Wallace Conway, who was his friend and lived nearby.
Wallace Conway's father painted movie posters for all the black theaters in our neighborhood.
Wallace Conway's father and Duke Ellington had gone to school together as art students when they were teenagers.
Therefore it seems that he became to like Duke Ellington.
His house was so close to famous 'The Howard Theater' in Washington, D.C.
He said:
"Many of the other big-name bands had come into the Howard once or twice before Duke came for the first time. So when he played there, it was a really big deal. His music was so different from everything else you heard. And everything about Duke was special. I remember standing outside and watching the guys in his band.''
Fats Waller was his idols.
He deeply regretted not having talked to Fats Waller.
He said:
"As I'm standing backstage, Fats passed by with his entourage, and I just stared at him. I didn't have nerve enough to say anything. […]
Fats went around the corner on U Street to a hamburger place. I came in soon after and took a seat as close as I could but far enough not to be noticed. I just sat and listen to him tell some stories. Then he and his group got up and left. And I hadn't said a word. "


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A full set of photos of this riverside home is here
Large home for sale: 2 bedroom Campelo property, that includes a riverside location, patio, private beach and land !
- Near Campelo.
- Village location.
- Nature on your doorstep.
- Riverside location.
- Original stone build.
- Town electric and bore hole.
- Free water source from river.
- Garage.
- House has 5000 sq. mt. land.
- Patio.
- Original stone structure.
- Can be totally renovated for around 115,000 Euro.
- Total livable space around 120 sq. m.
- Rural tourism potential.
- Peaceful living.
- Granny flat potential.
- Near many local river beaches.
- Bore hole.
Price: 47,500 Euro or best offer.
Places close by are:
Property Reference: M1115-002


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Commodities have been at the bottom of the asset class table for the last number of years. In fact, an investment in a commodity index over the last 10 years would give a negative return today.
Articles have appeared in some financial journals asking, "Are commodities dead as an asset class?". A huge investment in commodity infrastructure on the back of cheap credit for corporates and higher than expected global growth from both developed and emerging markets, lead to a massive oversupply in many commodities markets. This has driven down prices to 10-year-lows as producers try to off-load their supplies.
However, we all know markets are cyclical and after "oversupply" you tend to get "under-supply" and after "underperformance" you tend to get "out performance". Friends First launched a 2nd generation commodity fund called Commodity Optimum Yield fund in 2013. The fund hit a low at around the second week of February 2016 when oil fell to $26 a barrel, since then the fund has recovered +8%.*
Markets appear to be stabilising so could this finally be the bottom after a 12 year decline for commodities?
In the next 3-5 years, we anticipate that demand will increase and the oversupply will wash out of the system leading to higher prices. If these predictions are correct and commodities recover, now may be the time to add some commodities to your portfolio. Global asset allocation portfolios typically cap their exposure to commodities at 10%.
Friends First's Optimum Yield Commodity fund, managed by Deutsche Asset Management, gives an investor access to the leading 14 commodities, which are:
- Gold
- Sugar
- Soybeans
- Wheat
- Corn
- RBOB Gasoline
- Zinc
- Brent Crude Oil
- Heating Oil
- Aluminium
- Copper
- WTI Crude Oil
- Silver
- Natural Gas
The Friends First Optimum Yield Commodity fund is available as a standalone fund option as well as featuring within a number of our Magnet range of portfolio funds. The Magnet range are ready-made portfolios, each designed with a particular type of investor in mind, making it easier for you to select the right investment for your needs.
The Optimum Yield Commodity fund and the Magnet Range are available across the Friends First suite of Pensions, ARF (Approved Retirement Funds), AMRF (Approved Minimum Retirement Funds) and Savings and Investment products.
For more information on the Friends First range of funds, please speak to your financial adviser.
*Source: Moneymate, 12/05/2016


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Wednesday, October 8
Facebook Site Creator
Recommend: Friend Who Can Create a Facebook Site
Posted by: "Brooke E" email@example.com
Mon Oct 6, 2008 10:50 am (PDT)
Hey Quentiners --
Hope all is going well with you. I recently got back from visiting John of God at the Omega Institute. It was so enlightening. Anyway I wanted to refer my friend Alan who is AMAZING. He has a web company with a background in internet marketing called therightwebtools.com. He can build you your own facebook or anything else you want that you can OWN at the end of it. Something like this could cost hundreds of thousands and he can create for you if you mention my name for around 6K (that's a reduced recession rate...the normal rate is 12k). I do NOT get a kick back for this. I referring him because HE knows the WEB and has integrity like US and you can pay him monthly with half down. WOW! if you are interested and ARE SERIOUS and have your act together and want to GET this done....email HIM... "Alan Kaplan" firstname.lastname@example.com,
Hope you are all GREAT! stay in the light.
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E: firstname.lastname@example.com: (+44) 020 3411 5439
Opening HoursMonday to Friday09h00 to 13h00
Weekends Closed
Closed Bank Holidays
Thinking of doing a ski season yourself? See our jobs page for more information!
Chalet Katerina is one of the four "Chalets de Bettaix" located in a stunning satellite village of Les Menuires
below the fabulous peak of La Masse and beside the River Doron. This
beautiful location is hard to beat for Alpine atmosphere with fantastic
views up the valley towards Val Thorens and very close to the piste and lift system giving access to the full Three Valleys area.
This stunning ski chalet can accommodate 8-10 people and is the twin sister of our Chalet
Lorraine next door and almost identical to Chalets Irene and Jasmine
which are situated in front of it. You can book Chalet Katerina as a whole
chalet for your party allowing smaller groups to have exclusive
occupancy of a chalet or you can book by the room or even as a large
group as we can welcome groups up to 40 people to this wonderful
location by booking several of the chalets together.
Chalet Katerina
is an "upside down" chalet with the living room on the upper floor with
a balcony from which you can relax and enjoy the afternoon sun,
great views and mountain atmosphere. After a hard day's
skiing, you can also take advantage of the sauna or outside hot-tub
facilities that are provided for your pleasure before sitting down to a
hearty evening meal in the company of friends.
Guests can now enjoy a good nights sleep in our newly fitted Hypnos beds, world renowned as the ultimate in sleep indulgence.
All bedrooms have en-suite facilities with shower, WC and washbasin except one twin room which also boasts a jacuzzi bath:
… two weeks with you this season … as with our other Ski Amis experiences … really excellent chalet hosts ... nothing was too much trouble, food was great, service superb, and they really pushed the boat out to ensure we had a great time … we would definitely recommend Ski Amis to others.David, Chalet Katerina, April 2014
… great ski holiday … hosts were wonderful and couldn't have been better … you have a great team, well done and of course we will be back! Jo and Jason, Chalet Katerina, January 2015
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Park Rise Serviced Apartments provide serviced accommodation just outside Manchester city centre. This property has limited free on-site parking and the nearest tram station is a five-minute walk away. Guests can therefore easily explore the area and access the city centre. These apartments are one mile from Old Trafford stadium, the home of Manchester United. If you are in the city to catch a game this is a perfect accommodation option. In the city centre, there is much to see and do including visiting the Manchester Art Gallery, Palace Theatre and Manchester Arndale Shopping Centre. There are many options if guests are looking to enjoy a meal out, a popular option is the Alchemist or The Grill on New York Street.
These spacious one and two bedroom apartments
feature comfortable bedrooms, one bathroom, a living area with a TV, and a fully
equipped kitchen that includes an oven, fridge and dishwasher. Everything
guests will need for an enjoyable stay. The apartments also feature free
wireless internet access and a washer/dryer. Housekeeping services are provided
once a week.
Nearest transport facilities and travel times from property:
Airport: Manchester (MAN) - 9 miles
Train: Manchester United Football Ground - 20 minute walk
Tram: Trafford Bar - 5 minute walk
Parking: On-site (free, subject to availability)
Full payment will be taken at the time of reservation.
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Please enter your dates to get the best available rates.


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Description: These circular business cards are apart of the branding collateral for Well Dressed Vandals; a boutique street wear label based in Sydney, Australia. The cards are printed double sided on 310gsm stock, with a spot varnish treatment on all the Cyan elements.
You can add related tags or remove irrelevant tags from the following list.


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Christmas in BarcelonaSunday, November 8, 2009 at 4:59 PM
It'll be holiday season before we know it so I thought I'd get an early start with this shot from the Gothic Quarter in Barcelona, Spain. The city comes alive at night and they have lights hung everywhere in the narrow streets of the old part of town.
"Christmas in Barcelona" © Kathy Dunham 2009
Labels: Barcelona, Christmas, Gothic Quarter, Spain


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Tag Archive | Bremerton
Cycling around the Sound
Dad decided to join the Cascade Bicycle Club for a tour around the Puget Sound. The trip started at the Fauntleroy Ferry Docks on Saturday morning. Dad met the other riders, and then the ride leaders explained the rules and safety precautions. Dad was decked out in his bright biking clothes and helmet and was ready to go.


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Below are three types of trips for you to consider as you plan your time away together. These are meant to better identify your preferences, and can be adjusted and tweaked based on your feedback! To be objective, I have listed them in alpha order.
Costa Rica
Costa Rica is a beautiful country, ideal for those that love all of the outdoors, from the beach to the mountains to the rainforest. This trip can be customized with activities that take advantage of all of these based on your preferences.
Hotel - RIU Palace
The Hotel Riu Palace Costa Rica (All Inclusive 24h), is located in Guanacaste, Costa Rica on the edge of the beach of Matapalo. This hotel, fully prepared to provide the best service to its customers, has four swimming pools (one with a wet bar), jacuzzi, gym, sauna and a wellness center "Renova Spa" with different treatments and massages. Everything you need for maximum comfort during your stay. The quality of the cuisine offered at the different restaurants of the hotel is exceptional thanks to our chefs, who prepare a variety of dishes, from classic to the most exotic. You'll want to to try each of our menusand thanks to the All Inclusive service, you will be able to enjoy the buffet restaurant or the four different theme restaurants of the hotel. Being on a privileged environment, the hotel offers a variety of activities on the beautiful beaches such as diving or fishing in the Pacific waters, ecotourism in the volcanic areas, and during the day several programs of entertainment for all ages, whether in family or friends. The hotel has a gym, table tennis, volleyball, tennis court, windsurf, sailing, snorkeling equipment, kayaks and other water activities. If your favorite sport is golf, the Four Seasons Golf Club has fantastic views over the sea. Guanacaste is less tropical, humid and lush than the rest of the country. Its plains and dry forests sometimes remind African savanna landscapes. Inland you can see the savanna, local cowboys on their horses while driving their flocks, which are authentic figures of popular culture of this destination. From the hotel, you can do several excursions that you can not lose, like the visit of the National Park Rincon de la Vieja, the Safari Park or the capital of Guanacaste: Liberia.
Maui is a location loved by those that seek pure relaxation combined with fun and food. Resorts in Hawaii are not all-inclusive, so you would be able to take advantage of local restaurants in the area, or just eat at the hotel depending on what you prefer.
Hotel - Westin Maui Resort & Spa
"Where Heaven and Aloha Meet"™ The Westin Maui Resort & Spa is situated along a spectacular stretch of the famed Ka'anapali Beach. This oceanfront resort blends an endless array of activities and amenities with gracious aloha spirit, perfect for any Hawaiian vacation. Located beachfront with spectacular views of Lana'i and Moloka'i, The Westin Maui Resort & Spa is just minutes from Maui's many attractions, yet remains a world unto itself, where exclusive services, first-rate restaurants, cultured entertainment and thrilling diversions satisfy every interest.
Cabo San Lucas is a true beach town, with a focus on the water and its inhabitants. Resorts here are all-inclusive, so while you may elect to venture into town for meals, you will have lots of easy choices on property.
Hotel - Marquis Los Cabos
With just one visit to Marquis Los Cabos Resort & Spa, an adults-only, all inclusive resort, you will immediately understand the intoxicating appeal of this beautiful corner of the world. Nestled down near the southern tip of the Baja peninsula, where the desert meets the sea, our all-inclusive, adults-only resort welcomes you with dazzlingly elegant suite accommodations and world-class dining, as well as an abundance of superb amenities and activities. Make yourself at home in your stylish suite, which offers perks like a furnished balcony and a hot tub, as well as views of the Mar de Cortes. Your stay here includes meals and beverages from all of our five resort restaurants and two bars, as well as 24-hour room service; let your palate guide you. A full-service spa and three sparkling pools beckon you to relax and leave your cares behind. Those looking for new challenges can take advantage of resort activities including dance lessons, and archery; nightly live entertainment and weekly themed parties add to the celebratory atmosphere. And all of the most iconic things to here in Los Cabos – from thrilling whale-watching and deep-sea fishing to the excitement of Cabo San Lucas nightlife – are just beyond our doorstep. We invite you to join us here at the Marquis Los Cabos Resort & Spa; an enthralling experience awaits.
All packages were priced based travel May 7-14, 2017 and include roundtrip air from San Antonio to the destination with at most one connection. This was the point at which airfare was far enough out that it began to drop in price. We will have to reprice once you make a final decision.
Costa Rica - Junior Suite Garden Room at RIU Palace with all-inclusive amenities and a private transfer to and from the airport. Estimated cost of $4000.00
Hawaii - Mountain View Room at Westin Maui Resort & Spa with breakfast daily and 15% spa discount. Estimated cost of $4561.00
Mexico - Junior Suite Ocean View Room at Marquis Los Cabos with all-inclusive amenities and a private transfer to and from the airport. Estimated cost of $4350.00
Thank you for thinking of me, and know that I am wishing you only the best,
Created with images by diego_torres - "heart rhinestones sand" • FINTANOBRIEN - "collard araceri bird costa rica" • Randy Son Of Robert - "Maui Wowie!" • SilverTongueSteve - "land's end los cabos mexico"


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Report antisocial behaviour
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If you want to tell us about something you think may breach the 'Stay at home' measures, please contact us about that using our coronavirus (Covid-19) service.
Antisocial behaviour can have a lasting impact on neighbourhoods and communities as it often leads to an increase in crime, particularly violence and criminal damage. If you've witnessed antisocial behaviour of any kind, report it using our quick and simple online tool.
Is it an emergency?
Does it feel like the situation could get heated or violent very soon? Is someone in immediate danger? Do you need support right away? If so, please call 999 now.If you're deaf or hard of hearing, use our textphone service 18000 or text us on 999 if you've pre-registered with the emergencySMS service.
Advice tool
Report unwanted phone calls or house visits
Thank you.
Getting unwanted calls or visits can be stressful and sometimes intimidating, but there are some steps you can take to stay safe and resolve the situation.
If you're getting unwanted calls, we recommend contacting your phone service provider. They should be able to suggest several ways to screen and block incoming calls. You can read more information about receiving cold calls or visits.
If you're being harassed online, please read our advice to minimise targeting and prevent people accessing your information.
If someone is harassing you because of who you are or who they think you are, this is considered a hate crime, and must be reported. Please read our advice on hate crimes and incidents, and how to report them.
If you've taken the steps above and the calls or visits haven't stopped, please report this to us.
Click 'Start' below to complete our quick and simple online form. Please give as much information as you can.
We'll assess your report, record the incident, and decide on the best course of action. We'll usually only get in touch with you if we need more details.
In some cases we'll notify your local policing team who deal with antisocial behaviour. They may want to get in touch with you to discuss it further.
You'll be able to download a copy of your report for your own records.
Average completion time: 5 to 10 minutes
Please have the following details ready, if possible:
- what happened
- description of the people involved
- how many times it has happened
- how it has affected you


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Record flooding in 2011 took a heavy toll on Thailand, leading to an estimated $45 billion worth of damage, large swathes of agricultural and residential land inundated, millions left homeless or displaced, and over 9,000 factories forced to temporarily close. In the wake of the disaster, there were calls for more integrated planning of flood and water resources management to avoid such catastrophic impacts of extreme weather in the future.
Aligning with this goal, since 2017, ICEM has been supporting Thailand's Department of Water Resources (DWR) with the development of an Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) modeling tool to understand the impact of different management strategies and contribute to the development of basin-wide master plans.
An important part of the project has been capacity building. Between August 2017 and June 2018, DWR staff from central and regional levels received training on how to use the modelling tool and applied it to two pilot sites: Eastern Coast River Basins and Nam Phong River Basin. Trainees learned how to process all input data required for building a model, and tested possible scenarios addressing flood, climate change, water allocation, crop and reservoir management.
Training workshop (left); input data set for the Eastern Coast River Basins model (right)
Strengthening the capacity in effective integrated water resource management will have a significant impact on Thailand's ability to create sustainable and climate resilient solutions that mitigate against disaster and protect livelihoods within river basins.
Four key outputs were produced as part of Phase I of the project – the IWRM User Guide (translated into Thai), which provides step by step instructions on how to use the IWRM modelling tool; two reports presenting preliminary findings from the modelling of selected scenarios in the Nam Phong River Basin and Eastern Coast River Basins; and guidelines for using the IWRM model for stakeholder engagement emphasizing how to strengthen active involvement in basin planning.
Phase II of this project is a pilot Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) in Rayong Province which aims to (i) demonstrate an SEA of integrated development, and (ii) review and recommend revisions to the draft SEA guidelines prepared by the Thai national subcommittee on SEA convened by NESDB.


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I read something massively depressing, recently, so I thought I would share it with you (you'll thank me later). http://www.alternet.org/media/most-depressing-discovery-about-brain-ever?sc=fb
What the article says is that decisions are not made on the basis of facts, but on emotions. Decisions are not made rationally and perhaps they never will be. Education, good journalism, facts, scientific evidence and reason are no match for what people reckon. In fact, when confronted with true, objective details that challenge what people reckon, they dig their heels in even deeper and reinforce their fallacious beliefs. They'd rather be wrong, but sure of themselves, than corrected, if temporarily destabilised in their world view. Entrenched views are swayed by counter evidence only to the extent that people stick to their guns even more doggedly.
For people trying to challenge accepted orthodoxies and who want to change the world by enlightening their fellow man with reliable, provable, testable evidence, or alternative possibilities, this sounds the death knell. That approach simply isn't going to work. People's minds are resistant to being changed, once their guts tell them something that isn't necessarily true is what they should hold to be true. Even if it isn't. Don't present them with facts; they've already made up their minds.
What this means is that the first manipulator to reach people at an emotional level, with some new issue or other, has the power to implant any lie they like – permanently. So long as you make it simple, emotional and as folksy as you can, without touching on the nuances and doubts, if you can deliver your manipulative lie so that it appeals to the gut instincts of most people, they'll latch onto it and never change their minds, no matter what facts to the contrary come to light and no matter how much those that know the real truth try to reveal it and share it.
Shaping the ongoing media narrative, which is from where most people form their gut reactions and what they reckon, is crucial to anybody intent on manipulating everybody into believing what they want them to believe. This is why so much money is lavished on the mainstream media. It's the reason why media barons hold so much clout. Their business is embedding the ideas their paymasters want to embed in the majority of people. They know, for certain, that once those mistaken ideas are entrenched, no amount of independent, alternative media opinion or solid investigative research can replace them. Once the seed is sown, challenges to what people reckon just serve to strengthen the tenacity of the roots.
What this means, for artists, is that they have a rare opportunity. They have the power to reach people emotionally, through their art. That much has been established over the centuries. So, provided that artists get their ideas in first, bolstered by the emotional impact that their art can deliver, they can be the shapers of what people reckon.
It's no good railing against ideas that are already entrenched, though. Those battles have, for the moment, been lost. You have to lead the ongoing narrative and sustain that, over the long term. Given that artists, with better ideas and sweeter alternatives for humanity, can begin to lead the narrative and present new ideas, in emotionally affective ways, then humanity can be changed and the world can be moved toward better outcomes for all. The flaw in people's thinking can be used to advantage, by artists, because they primarily deal in emotional movement, in preference to cold, hard facts. We can change the world by reaching people's emotions first, before the mainstream media gets to take a bite.
However, for this strategy to work, artists, as a group, would have to be thinking about alternatives and better outcomes and because they, too, have grown up with mainstream media saturation, the likelihood that they can think any differently to everyone else is quite low. Artists, too, reckon what they reckon based on their gut reactions to what the mainstream media has been telling them, since they were babies. To break out of the prison of other people's lies, which have been deliberately embedded in your own thinking machinery by a massive apparatus dedicated to that purpose, takes quite a lot of personal commitment, effort and reading. Some never even attempt it. Your comfort zone is to take it all in as truth and embed it in your own gut instincts, disguised as what you think. It's not what you think; it's what you were told to think. Those are two very different things, whose difference we have been taught to ignore. You have been manipulated. We all have. What you reckon has nothing at all to do with the world of facts, rational proof, evidence and data. What most people believe to be true is a hallucination.
So, artists, there is the challenge. Do you have what it takes to break out of the lies that have been indoctrinated into you and having done so, do you have the will and the determination to think and source better ideas and will you work tenaciously to instil those new ideas into other people's minds, through the emotional impact of your art, before the mainstream media gets to them? It's a big ask and a tall order, isn't it? Unfortunately, the future of humanity depends on it.
You have a choice. You can go back to sleep, living a zombie life, devoid of truth, but in the comfort of being with the majority of similarly deluded automatons, or you can think it all through, come up with alternatives and spread them, using your artistic talents as a vehicle. What are you going to do?


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In New York, when you don't have anything to say to a person, your best bet is to engage them on the topic of SoulCycle. Isn't it gross? Don't you kind of love it? You have to try it! Etc. But when a person acknowledges that they also attend boutique fitness classes, you can get into more fine grained discussions about the schisms that generate a thousand new studios every year.
I have been so deep in the dance cardio feuds that I have been a little out of touch with the spinning drama. SoulCycle is the Robert Baratheon of spinning. Once there was a perfectly stable but crazy status quo called "Spinning," which was actually a trademarked brand rather than a generic thing like running. Trademarked "Spinning" meant that an instructor yelled at you for 30-45 minutes while you moved your resistance up and down based on a sense of your own aerobic capacity. Very loud techno beats and the yelling were really the hallmark of this original form. In these kinds of classes (often offered at gyms), you could wear normal shoes.
When SoulCycle broke onto the scene in the early aughts, its hallmarks were: less yelling, more woo woo yoga-like talk about being present and riding the wave of energy created by one's own heart. The classes were only offered in special SoulCycle studios that were kind of like yoga studios (in that you paid per class). Also there are no lights, everyone wears clip-in bike shoes, the only light comes from heavily scented candles, and the instructors get off the bike and dance around to more expertly curated mixes of music (think the Black Keys and Aretha). They also had a signature color: yellow. Most importantly they charged $30 (not including the shoes). No one knew you could charge this much for a fitness class and now everyone in NYC does charge this much. Celebrities and hedge fund managers loved this because it weeded out the poor people.
But then all hell broke loose! An instructor that founded SoulCycle became disenchanted with some of the core principles of SoulCycle and started Flywheel. In many ways SoulCycle had kept the inefficiencies of Spinning by having people change their resistance based on feel and cues like "half turn" and "full turn" and added some super dangerous elements like having people wiggle around on their bike seats (called "tap backs") and lift small weights in a dance-ish choreography all while peddling fast.
Flywheel and SoulCycle are mortal enemies and their respective celebrities are very loyal (Chelsea Clinton is on team Flywheel, and Max Greenfield is on team SoulCycle). Now there are many studios vying for dominance in NYC. Revolve, Peloton, Cyc. They all claim to have original elements. For instance, Peloton makes you race in two packs.
Flywheel, however, is the Daenerys in this Game of Sweat. Because it is competent and pretty.
Flywheel is the only spinning class that I have ever enjoyed. Their basic innovation is to have a little screen on your bike that shows you your resistance level and your RPM. Then the instructor can tell you to move your resistance knob into a certain numerical range and keep your RPM at a certain level, which is amazing because you actually know what you are doing or failing to do. Yelling and self-help mumbo jumbo is not their thing. They just kind of talk to you. For instance, at a recent class the instructor played various theme songs from Superman movies and talked us through his favorite scenes while adding little grunts mid sentence to keep us on the beat. The seating is stadium style so you can actually see the instructor, and their is a screen that you can opt into that shows where your effort ranks in the class. But most importantly: they give you free shoes, water, and BANANAS!
This is what I deserve: BANANAS!
And this makes me think Flywheel has what it takes to win: a solid understanding of the people's need for reliable sustenance.