text: Digital Meredith Promotes Two, Names New EatingWell Publisher By Chris O'Shea|September 28, 2012 Share By Chris O'Shea|September 28, 2012 Share Meredith Corporation has made two promotions and named Stephen Bohlinger publisher of EatingWell. Bohlinger comes to Meredith from Hearst, where he most recently served as associate publisher of Food Network Magazine. He succeeds Tony Catalano, who has been promoted to publisher of Meredith's Special Interest Media. Catalano will now oversee a variety of titles, such as Diabetic Living, Kitchen and Bath Ideas, and Country Gardens.Additionally, Christine Guilfoyle has been promoted from publisher of Every Day with Rachael Ray to group publisher, where she will now also oversee both EatingWell and Every Day with Rachael Ray.Bohlinger will report to Guilfoyle and Catalano will report to Steve Levinson, vice president, group publisher, home solutions. Share http://adweek.it/2k6o6su copy Adweek Adweek


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The Pelosians were the natives of Pelos. They were humanoid with a pair of small horns jutting from each temple and eyebrows that stretched out to merge with their hairlines. Their skin tones ranged from light auburn to rich maroon. The horns varied in size and sharpness, depending on race. They worshipped gods which they called Originators.
When the USS Enterprise discovered their world in November 2270, the Pelosians were suffering intensely from famine, radiation and plague caused by an interstellar dust cloud blocking their sun. The collapse of governments across Pelos allowed the strongest nation, ruled by Queen Palchelle, to conquer what was left. She claimed that the gods had inflicted the disasters upon them, and forbade the practice of medicine on the grounds that only the gods should determine who lived or died. With Spock and McCoy predicting that the Pelosians would be wiped out within two years, Captain Kirk secretly gave assistance to the rebellion which overthrew the empress, gave them McCoy's cure for the plague, and used the ship's deflector dish to thin out the dust cloud, all without revealing the existence of other worlds.
However, Kirk's actions on Pelos were observed by Commodore Harriet Griswold, who charged him with violating the Prime Directive and ordered the ship back to Earth. (TOS novel: Ex Machina, DTI novel: Forgotten History)
External linkEdit
- Pelosian article at Memory Alpha, the wiki for canon Star Trek.

subset: commoncrawl


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Mini & Friends is proud to present the 2nd portion of a 2 part series with Garth Philibert who is the author of "The End Times' Gods Side of the Story". Please listen to hear Garth provide an in depth analysis of his book & explain why he wrote it.
Testimony #1
Testimony #2


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Brittle nails can be frustrating. No matter how much you polish, buff, and moisturize, you still don't have beautiful nails. Why are perfect nails so hard for some woman (and men) to have? Breaking nails are often a sign of something else going wrong in the body. In this article, we'll explore the common causes of brittle nails and explore some nutritional cures.
Common Causes of Brittle Nails
Low Thyroid (Hypothyroidism) – Brittle nails are sometimes a sign of a more serious illness. One of the most common causes of brittle and breaking nails is low thyroid, also called hypothyroidism. In hypothyroidism, your body does not produce enough of the thyroid hormone, leading to symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, dry skin, brittle nails, depression, constipation, memory trouble, and irregular periods. People with under-active thyroid often notice soft nail beds, nail ridges, and a lightening or disappearance of the white, crescent-shaped area of the nail base.
Gluten Intolerance – Gluten intolerance is estimated to affect 1 in every 100 people. Gluten intolerance happens when the body's autoimmune system reacts to the protein found in wheat, rye, barley, and some oats. A person with this disorder cannot digest this protein, resulting in chronic gastrointestinal distress, brain fog, muscle pain, weakness and nutritional deficiencies resulting in brittle nails and dry hair. Though the symptoms of gluten intolerance vary from person to person, eliminating gluten from your diet for a period of one-month should be enough to tell if your breaking nails are a result of this condition.
Iron and Vitamin Deficiencies – The Standard American Diet and increasingly poor soil quality has resulted in an epidemic of nutritional deficiencies. Iron is an essential mineral and lack of it can result in brittle nails, breaking nails, unusual nail ridging, and sometimes a bluish color to the nail bed. Other nutritional deficiencies that may lead to less-than-perfect nails are vitamin C, D, E, and B.
Acid Body pH – For the body to function at its best, your pH needs to stay in the alkaline range. A diet filled with processed carbohydrates, sugars, and grains as well as a high alcohol and soda intake can all contribute to a high acid pH. When your body pH is highly acidic, it can lead to serious health problems ranging from gastritis to weak, brittle nails and more. Other symptoms of high acidity include mouth ulcers, acid reflux, gastritis, ulcers, loose teeth, dull hair, chronic fatigue, and headaches.
Inadequate Protein Intake – Your nails are made up of a fibrous protein called keratin and if you're not consuming enough protein, you're more likely to experience breaking nails, chronic fatigue, hair loss, inability to quickly recover from injury, and loss of muscle tone. The amount of protein you need to consume each day depends on your age, weight, and activity level. The standard method used by nutritionists to calculate this need is to multiply your weight by .37. For example, a 125-pound person would need to eat about 46 grams of protein per day to stay healthy.
Dehydration – You may think you drink enough water per day but if you're experiencing brittle nails, excessive thirst, dry mouth, loss of appetite, dark urine, skin flushing, and chills, you're dehydrated. Even if you drink a bunch of soda, fruit juice, and coffee each day, you can still be dehydrated. Your body needs plenty of fresh, pure water to keep your joints lubricated, your hair and nails strong, and your body running smoothly.
Overuse of Fingernails – Everyday activities such as typing, opening things, cashiering, cooking, and playing an instrument can also contribute to breaking nails. If your job or lifestyle requires you to continually use your nails, file them short and even, moisturize regularly, and protect them with gloves when you're able.
Too Much Nail Polish – Most commercial nail polishes contain harmful chemical additives that can weaken your fingernails over time. If you paint your fingernails more than once per week, you're overdoing it. Your nails should be allowed at least a couple of days to breathe and grow naturally so they have a chance to be healthy.
Your diet affects your entire health and well-being. If you're not eating well, you're not going to feel or look good. Your hair, nails, skin, and eyes all show when you're not eating well. A diet rich in whole foods is best when addressing any type of chronic health problem, even something as seemingly-minor as brittle or breaking nails.
Get rid of the junk in your diet and load up on lots of nutrient-rich organic vegetables and fruit, whole grains, protein-rich lean meats, beans, and legumes to stay healthy and feel great.
Natural Oils
Using natural oils on your dry, brittle nails can help nourish them from the outside.
Coconut Oil – Coconut oil is one of the healthiest oils on the planet. It is loaded with antioxidants that fight free radicals and prevent premature aging. The next time you do an at-home manicure, file your nails, push your cuticles back gently, and massage in some coconut oil. Forget the polish and let the nutrients sink in!
Argan Oil – To moisturize, protect, and strengthen your nails, argan oil is the way to go. For stronger nails, mix equal parts argan oil and fresh-squeezed lemon juice and soak for 15 minutes.
Vitamin E – Pure vitamin E oil can help rejuvenate breaking nails. For best results, buy a bottle of pure vitamin E capsules, prick the gelatin capsule with a pin, and rub the oil directly on your nails. You can also take vitamin E orally to strengthen nails from the inside out!
For some, perfect nails just aren't an option. If you're on a job where you have to use your fingers a lot, it might be best to keep them short and well-groomed. To heal brittle nails, address underlying health problems, focus on good nutrition, and use correct, natural supplementation. It's the fastest way to heal your body and from the inside out!


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Dr. Kelley received her MD in 1989 from the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine. She completed an internship in obstetrics/gynecology at the University of Oklahoma Tulsa Medical College in 1990, and then completed her residency in psychiatry at the University of Kansas School of Medicine in 1993. She is a board-certified Psychiatrist.
With over 26 years in the practice of medicine, Dr. Kelley's specialization in depression, anxiety disorders, addiction, and ADD/ADHD in adult patients has helped her become a leading psychiatrist in the Valley. A former Mayo Clinic practitioner, she is now in private practice and also owns NoesisPharma, LLC, conducting clinical trials focusing on the central nervous system. Dr. Kelley is uniquely able to spend quality time with each patient to help with their continuing care and progress on the path to wellness.
As the first psychiatrist in the greater Phoenix area to offer rTMS therapy in her clinic, Dr. Kelley is now the leading Arizona expert in treating depression with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation. Find out more about the Arizona TMS Therapy Center.
Dr. Kelley joined MCMS in 2013. She has recruited many new MCMS members and volunteers her time to chair the Philanthropy Committee. She has been on the MCMS Board of Directors since 2014, serving as secretary of the Board in 2017 and 2018, and President-Elect in 2019. This year, she is President of the Board.
Remember Me
326 East Coronado Road, Suite 101
Phoenix, AZ 85004
Main Office: (602) 252-2015
Referral Line: (602) 252-2844
Fax: (602) 256-2749
Copyright © 2020 MCMS. All rights reserved.


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Today I share my class sample for an upcoming class at The Cutting Garden using the By the Sea collection from Graphic 45.
I will admit, this is my first time crafting with Graphic 45 papers. I adore this collection!
Who wouldn't have photos that could work with this collection when they live on the east coast of Canada.
Date: Tuesday, June 17th
Time: 6:30 pm to whenever we finish
Supplies: Regular tool kit, brown ink
Cost: $25
To register you can contact Kim, at The Cutting Garden.
Thanks for stopping by, and I hope to see you at the class!!


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Tagged: Harris Theater
Best Limited Releases Coming To Pittsburgh: August 2018 Edition
Generation Wealth – Regent Square Theater
Director Lauren Greenfield's (The Queen of Versailles) postcard from the edge of the American Empire captures a portrait of a materialistic, image-obsessed culture. Simultaneously photographic journey, memoir, and historical essay, the film bears witness to the global boom-bust economy, the corrupted American Dream and the human costs of late-stage capitalism, narcissism and greed. Generation Wealth opens on August 3 at the Regent Square Theater.
Skate Kitchen – Manor Theater
In the first narrative feature from The Wolfpack director Crystal Moselle, Camille, an introverted teenage skateboarder (newcomer Rachelle Vinberg) from Long Island, meets and befriends an all-girl, New York City-based skateboarding crew called Skate Kitchen. She falls in with the in-crowd, has a falling-out with her mother, and falls for a mysterious skateboarder guy (Jaden Smith), but a relationship with him proves to be trickier to navigate than a kickflip. Skate Kitchen opens on August 10 at the Manor Theater.
Elizabeth Harvest – Harris Theater
Elizabeth (Abbey Lee), a beautiful young newlywed, arrives at the palatial estate of her brilliant scientist husband Henry (Ciaran Hinds). Ensconced in modernist luxury with an obedient—if slightly unsettling—house staff (Carla Gugino and Matthew Beard), she has seemingly everything she could want. But one mystery tantalizes her: what is behind the locked door to Henry's laboratory that he has forbidden her to enter? When an inquisitive Elizabeth dares to find out, everything she thought she knew about her husband—and about herself—will change. The film casts a spell of creeping Gothic menace as it unravels a disturbing tale of identity, obsession, and twisted love. Elizabeth Harvest opens on August 24 at the Harris Theater.
Best Limited Releases Coming To Pittsburgh: July 2018 Edition
Sorry to Bother You – Manor Theatre
In an alternate present-day version of Oakland, black telemarketer Cassius Green (Lakeith Stanfield) discovers a magical key to professional success – which propels him into a macabre universe. Written/directed by Boots Riley, the film also stars Tessa Thompson, Armie Hammer, Danny Glover, and Terry Crews. Sorry to Bother You opens on July 6 at the Manor Theatre.
Woman Walks Ahead – Harris Theater
Based on true events, Woman Walks Ahead tells the story of Catherine Weldon (Jessica Chastain), a widowed artist from New York who, in the 1880s, traveled alone to North Dakota to paint a portrait of Chief Sitting Bull (Michael Greyeyes). Her arrival at Standing Rock is met with open hostility by a US Army officer (Sam Rockwell), who has stationed troops around the Lakota reservation to undermine Native American claims to the land. As Catherine and Sitting Bull grow closer, and as their friendship—and his life—are threatened by government forces, Catherine must stand up and fight for what is most important to her. Woman Walks Ahead opens on July 7 at the Harris Theater.
Damsel – Harris Theater
Samuel Alabaster (Robert Pattinson), an affluent pioneer, ventures across the American Frontier to marry the love of his life, Penelope (Mia Wasikowska). As Samuel traverses the Wild West with a drunkard named Parson Henry (David Zellner) and a miniature horse called Butterscotch, their once-simple journey grows treacherous, blurring the lines between hero, villain and damsel. A loving reinvention of the western genre from the Zellner brothers (Kumiko, the Treasure Hunter). Damsel opens on July 13 at the Harris Theater.
Best Limited Releases Coming To Pittsburgh: June 2018 Edition
Early Man – Row House Cinema
Set at the dawn of time, when prehistoric creatures roamed the Earth, the latest stop-motion animated feature from Nick Park tells the story of courageous caveman hero Dug (Eddie Redmayne) and his best friend, Hognob, as they unite their tribe against a mighty enemy — Lord Nooth (Tom Hiddleston) and his Bronze Age City — to save their home. Early Man opens on June 8 at Row House Cinema. The film is part of Row House's New Animated Films week.
Hereditary – Manor Theatre
When Ellen, the matriarch of the Graham family, passes away, her daughter's family begins to unravel cryptic and increasingly terrifying secrets about their ancestry. The more they discover, the more they find themselves trying to outrun the sinister fate they seem to have inherited. The horrific feature debut from writer-director Ari Aster stars Toni Collette, Alex Wolff, and Milly Shapiro, with Ann Dowd and Gabriel Byrne. Hereditary opens on June 8 at the Manor Theatre.
Oh Lucy! – Harris Theater
Setsuko (Shinobu Terajima), a single, emotionally unfulfilled woman, is seemingly stuck with a drab, meaningless life in Tokyo. At least until she's convinced by her niece, Mika (Shioli Kutsuna), to enroll in an unorthodox English class that requires her to wear a blonde wig and take on an American alter ego named Lucy. The new identity awakens something dormant in Setsuko, and she quickly develops romantic feelings for her American instructor, John (Josh Hartnett). When John suddenly disappears from class, Setsuko travels halfway around the world in search of him, and in the outskirts of Southern California, family ties and past lives are tested as she struggles to preserve the dream and promise of Lucy. Oh Lucy! opens on June 15 at the Harris Theater.
Best Limited Releases Coming To Pittsburgh: May 2018 Edition
Zama – Harris Theater
Zama, an officer of the Spanish Crown born in South America, waits for a letter from the King granting him a transfer from the town in which he is stagnating, to a better place. His situation is delicate. He must ensure that nothing overshadows his transfer. He is forced to accept submissively every task entrusted to him by successive Governors who come and go as he stays behind. The years go by and the letter from the King never arrives. When Zama notices everything is lost, he joins a party of soldiers that go after a dangerous bandit. Zama opens on May 4 at the Harris Theater.
Ismael's Ghosts – Regent Square Theater
Twenty-one years ago, she ran away. And twenty-one years later, Carlotta (Marion Cotillard) is back from the void. But Ismael (Mathieu Amalric) has been busy rebuilding a life for himself with Sylvia (Charlotte Gainsbourg) and working on his next feature film. As Ismael's trials and tribulations unfurl, so too do those of his film's protagonist: the idle, funny and reckless diplomat Ivan Dédalus (Louis Garrel). Written and directed by Arnaud Desplechin. Ismael's Ghosts opens on May 4 at the Regent Square Theater.
The Road Movie – Row House Cinema
A mosaic of asphalt adventures, landscape photography, and some of the craziest shit you've ever seen, Dmitrii Kalashnikov's The Road Movie is a stunning compilation of video footage shot exclusively via the deluge of dashboard cameras that populate Russian roads. The epitome of a you-have- to-see- it-to- believe-it documentary, it captures a wide range of spectacles through the windshield—including a comet crashing down to Earth, an epic forest fire, and no shortage of angry motorists taking road rage to wholly new and unexpected levels—all accompanied by bemused commentary from unseen and often stoic drivers and passengers. The Road Movie opens on May 11 at the Row House Cinema. This film is showing as part of Row House's New Documentary Film Showcase.
Disobedience – Manor Theatre
From a screenplay by Sebastián Lelio and Rebecca Lenkiewicz, and based on Naomi Alderman's book, the film follows a woman (Rachel Weisz) as she returns to the community that shunned her decades earlier for an attraction to a childhood friend (Rachel McAdams). Once back, their passions reignite as they explore the boundaries of faith and sexuality. Disobedience opens on May 18 at the Manor Theatre.
Best Limited Releases Coming To Pittsburgh: April 2018 Edition
Django – Regent Square Theater
Django Reinhardt, as portrayed by Reda Kateb (A Prophet, Zero Dark Thirty), is the toast of 1943 Paris, thrilling audiences with his distinctive brand of "hot jazz" and charming his admirers and his muse (Cécile de France). But even as the rise of Nazism forces Reinhardt — whose music is considered degenerate under the Third Reich — to make a daring escape from Paris, he refuses to be silenced as his music becomes a form of protest. Django opens on April 6 at the Regent Square Theater.
Have a Nice Day – Harris Theater
A hard rain is about to fall on a small town in Southern China. In a desperate attempt to find money to save his fiancée's failed plastic surgery, Xiao Zhang, a mere driver, steals a bag containing $1 million from his boss. News of the robbery spreads fast within the town and, over the course of one night, everyone starts looking for Xiao Zhang and his money. Liu Jian delivers a whirlwind neo-noir, cementing his place as a pioneering force in independent Chinese animation. Have a Nice Day open on April 6 at the Harris Theater.
Foxtrot – Manor Theatre
Michael and Dafna experience gut-wrenching grief when army officials show up at their home to announce the death of their son Jonathan. Michael becomes increasingly frustrated by overzealous mourning relatives and well-meaning army bureaucrats. While his sedated wife rests, Michael spirals into a whirlwind of anger only to experience one of life's unfathomable twists – a twist that can only be rivaled by the surreal military experiences of his son. Foxtrot opens on April 20 at the Manor Theatre.
Best Limited Releases Coming To Pittsburgh: March 2018 Edition
A Fantastic Woman – Regent Square Theater
Marina (Daniela Vega in a standout performance), a young aspiring singer and trans woman, and her older lover Orlando are planning for the future. When Orlando suddenly passes away, his family treats Marina with suspicion and threaten to throw her out of the flat she shared with Orlando. To them, her sexual identity is an aberration, a perversion. So Marina struggles for the right to be herself. She battles the very same forces that she has spent a lifetime fighting just to be the woman she is now. A Fantastic Woman opens on March 9 at the Regent Square Theater.
The Cured – Harris Theater
What happens when the undead return to life? In a world ravaged for years by a virus that turns the infected into zombie-like cannibals, a cure is at last found and the wrenching process of reintegrating the survivors back into society begins. Among the formerly afflicted is Senan (Sam Keeley), a young man haunted by the horrific acts he committed while infected. Welcomed back into the family of his widowed sister-in-law (Ellen Page), Senan attempts to restart his life—but is society ready to forgive him and those like him? Or will fear and prejudice once again tear the world apart? The Cured opens on March 9 at the Harris Theater.
Loveless – Manor Theatre
Zhenya and Boris are going through a vicious divorce marked by resentment, frustration, and recriminations. Already embarking on new lives, each with a new partner, they are impatient to start again, to turn the page – even if it means threatening to abandon their 12-year-old son Alexey. Until, after witnessing one of their fights, Alexey disappears. Loveless opens on March 30 at the Manor Theatre.
Best Limited Releases Coming To Pittsburgh: December 2017 Edition
The Disaster Artist – Manor Theatre
With The Disaster Artist, James Franco transforms the tragicomic true-story of aspiring filmmaker and infamous Hollywood outsider Tommy Wiseau—an artist whose passion was as sincere as his methods were questionable—into a celebration of friendship, artistic expression, and dreams pursued against insurmountable odds. Based on Greg Sestero's best-selling tell-all about the making of Tommy's cult-classic disasterpiece The Room, The Disaster Artist is a hilarious and welcome reminder that there is more than one way to become a legend—and no limit to what you can achieve when you have absolutely no idea what you're doing. The Disaster Artist opens on December 1 at the Manor Theatre.
Thelma – Harris Theater
Thelma, a shy young student, has just left her religious family in a small town on the west coast of Norway to study at a university in Oslo. While at the library one day, she experiences a violent, unexpected seizure. Soon after, she finds herself intensely drawn toward Anja, a beautiful young student who reciprocates Thelma's powerful attraction. As the semester continues, Thelma becomes increasingly overwhelmed by her intense feelings for Anja – feelings she doesn't dare acknowledge, even to herself – while at the same time experiencing more extreme seizures. As it becomes clearer that the seizures are a symptom of inexplicable, often dangerous, supernatural abilities, Thelma is confronted with tragic secrets of her past, and the terrifying implications of her powers. Thelma screens from December 1-7 at the Harris Theater.
Wait for Your Laugh – Hollywood Theater
Rose Marie's rise to fame began at the age of four with her own NBC radio show. As she grew, she went from the stages of Vaudeville to the bright lights of Vegas, to some of the most iconic television shows. But it's not just credits like The Dick Van Dyke Show and Hollywood Squares that make her life so memorable. Characters like Al Capone, Bugsy Siegel, and Jerry Lewis all played a part in this woman's story of fame, love, tragedy, and success. Her 90-year career is also the greatest untold story in show business. Wait for Your Laugh screens from December 1-7 at the Hollywood Theater.
Best Limited Releases Coming To Pittsburgh: September 2017 Edition
Person To Person – Harris Theater
During a single day in New York City, a variety of characters grapple with the mundane, the unexpected, and the larger questions permeating their lives. An investigative reporter struggles with her first day on the job, despite help from her misguided boss; a rebellious teen attempts to balance her feminist ideals with other desires; and a young man seeks to reconcile with his ex-girlfriend, even as her brother threatens revenge. Meanwhile, an avid music lover traverses the city in search of a rare record for his vinyl collection. Stars Michael Cera and Abbi Jacobson (Broad City). Person To Person opens on September 1 at the Harris Theater.
Rumble – Hollywood Theater
This revelatory, award-winning documentary brings to light the profound and overlooked influence of Indigenous people on popular music in North America. Focusing on music icons like Link Wray, Jimi Hendrix, Buffy Sainte-Marie, Taboo of The Black Eyed Peas, Charley Patton, Mildred Bailey, Jesse Ed Davis, Robbie Robertson, and Randy Castillo, Rumble: The Indians Who Rocked the World shows how these pioneering Native American musicians helped shape the soundtracks of our lives. Rumble opens on September 1 at the Hollywood Theater.
mother! – Manor Theatre
In the latest film from Darren Aronofsky (The Wrestler, Black Swan), a couple's relationship is tested when uninvited guests arrive at their home, disrupting their tranquil existence. Starring Jennifer Lawrence, Michelle Pfeiffer, Javier Bardem, Domhnall Gleeson, and Ed Harris. mother! opens on September 15 at the Manor Theatre.
Best Limited Releases Coming To Pittsburgh: July 2017 Edition
The Little Hours – Hollywood Theater
Medieval nuns Alessandra (Alison Brie), Fernanda (Aubrey Plaza), and Ginevra (Kate Micucci) lead a simple life in their convent. Their days are spent chafing at monastic routine, spying on one another, and berating the estate's day laborer. After a particularly vicious insult session drives the peasant away, Father Tommasso (John C. Reilly) brings on new hired hand Massetto (Dave Franco), a virile young servant forced into hiding by his angry lord. Introduced to the sisters as a deaf-mute to discourage temptation, Massetto struggles to maintain his cover as the repressed nunnery erupts in a whirlwind of pansexual horniness, substance abuse, and wicked revelry. The Little Hours opens on August 4 at the Hollywood Theater.
The Lure – Harris Theater
In Polish director Agnieszka Smoczynska's horror-musical mash-up, a pair of carnivorous mermaid sisters are drawn ashore in an alternate 1980s Poland to explore the wonders and temptations of life on land. Their tantalizing siren songs and otherworldly aura make them overnight sensations as nightclub singers in the half-glam, half-decrepit fantasy world of Smoczynska's imagining. In a visceral twist on Hans Christian Andersen's original Little Mermaid tale, one sister falls for a human, and as the bonds of sisterhood are tested, the lines between love and survival get blurred. The Lure opens on August 6 at the Harris Theater.
Patti Cake$ – Manor Theatre
In a coming-of-age story straight out of Jersey, an unlikely rapper finds her voice as a one-of-a-kind hip-hop legend in the making in the first feature film from acclaimed commercial and music-video director Geremy Jasper. Set in gritty strip-mall suburbia, the story chronicles an underdog's quest for fame and glory with humor, raw energy and some unforgettable beats. Patti Cake$ opens on August 18 at the Manor Theatre.
Brigsby Bear – Hollywood Theater
Brigsby Bear Adventures is a children's TV show produced for an audience of one: James (Kyle Mooney). A bright, sensitive young adult still living at home, he has grown up with this fantasy series, and the program has grown with him as well — getting more complex over the years. But to say James' intensely protective parents have kept their son a bit sheltered is an understatement. When the show abruptly ends, James's life changes forever. He sets out to finish the story himself and must learn to cope with the realities of a new world that he knows nothing about. Brigsby Bear opens on August 18 at the Hollywood Theater.
Best Limited Releases Coming To Pittsburgh: July 2017 Edition
The Bad Batch – Hollywood Theater
The latest from filmmaker Ana Lily Amirpour (A Girl Walks Home Alone at Night) follows Arlen (Suki Waterhouse) after she's left in a Texas wasteland fenced off from civilization. While trying to navigate the unforgiving landscape, Arlen is captured by a savage band of cannibals led by the mysterious Miami Man (Jason Momoa). With her life on the line, she makes her way to The Dream (Keanu Reeves). As she adjusts to life in 'the bad batch' Arlen discovers that being good or bad mostly depends on who's standing next to you. The Bad Batch opens on July 7 at the Hollywood Theater.
The Big Sick – Manor Theatre
Based on the real-life courtship between Kumail Nanjiani and Emily V. Gordon, The Big Sick tells the story of Pakistan-born aspiring comedian Kumail (Nanjiani), who connects with grad student Emily (Zoe Kazan) after one of his standup sets. However, what they thought would be just a one-night stand blossoms into the real thing, which complicates the life that is expected of Kumail by his traditional Muslim parents. When Emily is beset with a mystery illness, it forces Kumail to navigate the medical crisis with her parents, Beth and Terry (Holly Hunter and Ray Romano), while dealing with the emotional tug-of-war between his family and his heart. The Big Sick opens July 7 at the Manor Theatre.
Manifesto – Harris Theater
The film from artist Julian Rosefeldt features actress Cate Blanchett playing 13 different roles – a housewife, a factory worker, a TV anchor – in vignettes about the words that have inspired art movements. Manifesto opens on July 7 at the Harris Theater.
Maudie – Manor Theatre
The reclusive Everett Lewis (Ethan Hawke) hires a fragile yet determined woman named Maudie (Sally Hawkins) to be his housekeeper. Maudie, bright-eyed but hunched with crippled hands, yearns to be independent, to live away from her protective family and she also yearns, passionately, to create art. Unexpectedly, Everett finds himself falling in love. Based on a true story, the film charts Everett's efforts to protect himself from being hurt, Maudie's deep and abiding love for this difficult man and her surprising rise to fame as a folk painter. Maudie opens on July 14 at the Manor Theatre.
Like Crazy – Hollywood Theater
Beatrice is a motor-mouthed fantasist, a self-styled billionaire countess who likes to believe she's on intimate terms with world leaders. Donatella is a tattooed introvert, a fragile young woman locked in her own mystery. They are both patients at the Villa Biondi, a progressive but secure psychiatric clinic. Director Paolo Virzì's new film tells the story of the unpredictable and moving friendship that develops between the two women as they flee the mental institution in search of love and happiness in the open-air nuthouse – the world of sane people. Like Crazy opens on July 21 at the Hollywood Theater.


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From the Editor
Dear readers and authors,
It is the last time I am addressing you as the editor of the Journal. From the next issue the job of the editor will be taken over by Dr. Dijana Oreški. I am sure that the new editor will bring new ideas and new quality to the Journal and that she will keep good praxis that was introduced during my mandate.
In four years I tried to increase the quality of articles and reviews. That opened the door of the Web of Science to the Journal as it is now in the Web of Science Emerging Sources. I am sure that, if Journal only keep the same quality, it will in very short time be in other Web of Science databases, but I am sure that new editor will increase further both main quality parameters mentioned afore.
At the end of my mandate I want to thank all authors who published their articles in the Journal, all reviewers who employ their knowledge to defend the quality of the Journal with their opinions and remarks. My special thanks go to the people who worked hard with me to keep the quality of the Journal in every aspect, people from the publishing board: Bernarda Kos whose participation was crucial in the including the Journal into different scientific bases, Dr. Goran Hajdin who was in charge of technical review and preparation of the papers for the printing, Dr. Marcel Maretić and Dr. Vladimir Kovšca.
In this last issue as the editor I proudly present six original scientific papers from different fields of the information science, and I hope readers will find them interesting and useful to their own research. At the end of this addressing I would like to say to all authors, reviewers and readers that it was an honor to work with you on the promotion of the Journal of Information and Organizational Sciences, and if there were any mistakes in my work I hope you will accept my deep apology.


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Big Boys Toys: For Coffee Cognoscenti
The Aztecs called coffee the "drink of the Gods", and it has been part of our culture since the first coffee houses opened in England in 1652. Now ranking equal to tea as the nation's favourite out of home drink, demand for a quality brew is growing.
So, how do you give your customers the 'hit' they crave, without breaking the bank? Take Stock looks at four options:
Basic: The Bolero XL423 is a fully automatic machine, allowing preparation of up to nine different beverages, including Espressos, Cappuccino, Café au Lait and Hot Chocolate. Easily programmed, the Bolero XL takes just nine seconds to prepare each drink and for self-service operations you can get a machine with a coin mechanism.
A removable ventilation housing and auto de-scale mechanism makes the Bolero 423 easy to clean, further enhancing its attractiveness for operations wanting a simple but effective coffee machine.
Better: Also from Bravilor is the Esprecious 21. This advanced but compact Bean to Cup machine is simple to use having a touch screen where you can set the desired drink variety and strength. Equipped with two grinders, a divided bean container and an instant ingredients canister, the Esprecious can produce all the coffee classics at the press of a button. And, a special programme allows you to adjust the range of drinks offered to your specific location.
Being plumbed into a water supply, the Esprecious 21 can handle high volumes – up to 83 Espressos or 240 instant drinks an hour and the separate hot water outlet allows you to offer your customers tea as well!
Best: Want the traditional look? La Spaziale have been bringing Italian style to top hotels, cafés and restaurants for over 15 years and their reputation amongst the Barista set is strong.
La Spaziale's S5 range of electronic coffee machines all feature automatic dose setting, electronic boiler regulation and refill, and a double pressure gauge for pump pressure control. Available with one to four individual coffee 'groups' (dispensers), all machines have a separate hot water outlet, plus steam wand function for making that perfect cappuccino.
A serious piece of kit – but one that will make any front of house look (and smell) like a little bit of Italy!
The Future?
The first commercial espresso machine was manufactured in 1905 and there has been much innovation since then. However, 108 years later, Italian firm Sanremo have got the Barista world buzzing with news of a game changing machine that has five individual boilers and a unique system that weighs each coffee as it is produced, allowing Baristas to really maximise taste, flavour and their creativity.
Dubbed the "Ultimate coffee machine" pricing and further details of the Sanremo Opera are currently a secret – but those who have seen the machine in action say it's what the coffee world has been waiting for. Watch this space coffee lovers!!


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Citizens for Clean Energy is kicking-off an educational tour at three Florida universities to discuss the potential for new clean energy jobs here in the Sunshine State. The goal of the tour, called "It's all about jobs," is to communicate to students, faculty, businesses, and surrounding communities the importance and economic potential of a renewable energy industry in Florida.
"The students in Florida are the future and getting them excited about the economic development potential of Florida is a priority," said Ben Amaba, IBM. "After they graduate, they want to know that there will be good high-paying jobs waiting for them and a renewable energy industry here in Florida could make that possible.
Each tour stop will include a panel discussion with experts from renewable energy companies, decision makers, educators, and other groups and will include a question and answer period.
Details of the tour:
o University of Florida, Feb. 16, 11 a.m. - 12:30 p.m.
o University of Central Florida, Feb. 23, 11 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. (Cape Florida Ballroom, Student Union)
o Eckerd College, March 5, 7 p.m. - 8:30 p.m.
Citizens for Clean Energy
Citizens for Clean Energy is a coalition of leaders, organizations, and concerned Americans committed to supporting education and public policy change that advance clean energy jobs and technologies to improve our economy, energy security and our environment.
Topics to be discussed with panelists
· Florida's challenging economy
· Florida's need to diversify
· If not this industry, then what industry?
· Global opportunities at Florida's doorstep
· Energy Sector creates immediate job creation
· Unemployment and the cost it puts on tax payers.
· Types of Jobs the renewable energy industry has to offer
· The economic impact that comes with a new industry
· Environmental benefits
Thank you.
Madhavi (Maddy) Chokshi
Information Specialist
Office of Research & Commercialization
University of Central Florida
12201 Research Parkway, Suite 501
Orlando, FL 32826
(407) 882-1141
Looking for funding?
Go to http://www.cos.com/


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Shot at the Cajun Dome in Lafayette, La., the set list included Is There Life Out There, I'm A Survivor,Does He Love You, (with vocal assistance from The Band Perry's Kimberly Perry), Turn on Your Radio, Strange, Somebody's Chelsea and the title track of her current LP, All The Women I Am.
"I'm thrilled to be partnering with GAC for this special," said McEntire. "We had a blast out on the road with our new production this past fall, and I hope that all the fans who tune in enjoy it as much as we did."


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NPUC Association Regular Membership Meeting
Official notice is hereby given that a Regular Membership Meeting of the North Pacific Union Conference Association of Seventh-day Adventists is called for 2 p.m., on Wednesday, Nov. 8, 2017, at the North Pacific Union Conference in Ridgefield, Wash. The membership is comprised of the members of the North Pacific Union Conference Executive Committee. The purpose of the Regular Membership Meeting is to hear reports and to transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting.
John C. Freedman, president
Charles B. Simpson, secretary


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The UTS Master of Business Administration in Entrepreneurship (MBAe) helps you gain the necessary skills and meet the right people to develop your entrepreneurial project. It is for people who have creative and innovative ideas and want to see them through to fruition, either as a startup entrepreneur or as a change agent in existing organisations.
How it works
As a unique one- or two-year intensive MBA designed for entrepreneurs and innovators, the flexible modular structure of the program allows students to study in stages while developing and working on their entrepreneurial or innovation project.
You don't need to put your career or entrepreneurial dreams on hold. The MBAe is designed to be undertaken while you work. It is taught over three sessions (Autumn, Spring and Summer) with classes held mostly at night and on weekends.
Flexibility is the key
While the full MBAe can be completed in one calendar year, you can also:
complete the MBAe over two years by reducing your study load.
start with the Graduate Certificate in Commercialisation, which comprises the first module of the MBAe, to get a taste of what it will be like to undertake the higher degree. This may also be an option for people with professional work experience but no prior university education.
continue on with either of the other two modules as separate Graduate Certificates in Entrepreneurship or Venture Acceleration.
take individual subjects from the MBAe curriculum as electives in your other postgraduate degree.
Course structure
The curriculum is designed as nine integrated subjects that build your capabilities and confidence as you progress through the program. There are no electives and we recommend starting either in Autumn or Spring session. You can explore each subject in the MBAe on our course videos page.
The student experience
Find out more about what our current and past students think about the MBAe program on our MBAe student experience page.
Teaching staff
The MBAe is taught by academics with extensive research and practical experience, and by accomplished entrepreneurs.
- Associate Professor Jochen Schweitzer is the Course Director for the MBAe. Before becoming an academic, Jochen worked as a strategy consultant and adviser for corporate and startup clients. He is trained as both an engineer and social scientist and teaches two of the studio subjects in the MBAe: Entrepreneurship and Innovation Practice, and Venture Planning and Pitching.
- Tom Bass is the Entrepreneur in Residence (EiR) at UTS Business School and brings substantial startup experience, both as a founder and adviser, to the program. Tom has taken part in some of the world's best accelerator programs. He teaches the final capstone subject, Venture Planning and Pitching.
- Dr Ele Jansen is a game designer for experiential education, experimenting with connected ways of working and learning. She is trained as an anthropologist and has extensive experience in helping people find and act upon their passion. Ele teaches the subject Founder at Heart.
- Rob Deeming teaches Venture Growth and Internationalisation. As a serial entrepreneur, current CEO of a startup and Harvard MBA graduate, Rob has taken many companies from their early beginnings all the way to IPO.
- William Page is an entrepreneur, innovator, writer, public speaker, tech lover, entertainment specialist and former corporate lawyer, who co-founded FilmDoo, an international and independent film platform. He teaches Start-up Data, Marketing and Sales.
- Professor David Brown has been the owner and founder of various businesses. David is an expert in the design and use of management and accounting systems that address behavioural, decision-making and coordination problems in startups. He teaches Opportunity Commercialisation.
- Tarra van Amerongen is Managing Director of ustwo, a leading design strategy consultancy. She teaches students how to apply strategy, design thinking, data analytics and startup methods in the subject Entrepreneurship and Innovation Practice.
- Professor Prabhu Sivabalan is an award-winning educator and leads the engagement portfolio at the UTS Business School. Prabhu teaches Start-up Finance and Accounting.
- Dr Tim Rayner is a trained philosopher turned author and innovation educator. Tim specialises in entrepreneurial capacity development, cultural alignment, and lean startup best practices. He teaches Leadership, Teams and Scalability in the MBAe.
- Professor Dave Michayluk is the Head of Finance Discipline Group at UTS. He has first-hand startup experience as a director and adviser to many startup businesses, as well as a founder going through one of the world's best incubator programs. David teaches Start-up Finance and Accounting.
- Brian Dorricott is the successful founder of two businesses and also the lead facilitator for CSIRO's ON Accelerator Lean Innovation & Startup Programs. With his wealth of experience, he teaches Start-up Structures, IP and Negotiation in the MBAe.
- Leanne Sobel is a design strategist and researcher at the UTS Design Innovation Research Centre. In her work she applies human-centred design principles to the development of strategy research reports, design briefs and innovation initiatives. Leanne teaches in the subject Entrepreneurship and Innovation Practice
How you are supported
UTS offers a range of support for student entrepreneurs. As part of the MBAe, you have access to a project space − the UTS Venture Lab; the UTS Startups program; a mentor program; and non-award-based masterclasses and events with entrepreneurs and industry partners.
Venture Lab
The MBAe has its own dedicated Venture Lab in which you can collaborate, brainstorm and innovate with other students, teaching staff and industry partners. It's located on Level 2 of our iconic Frank Gehry-designed Dr Chau Chak Wing Building (UTS Business School, Building 8) and is a vibrant space for networking and creating.
UTS Startups
UTS Startups is a program designed to inspire UTS students to become entrepreneurs, and to support startups launched by UTS students. As a UTS student you can apply to become a member if your idea is addressing a large market (something that is meaningful when it succeeds) and which uses technology to address the market quickly.
Throughout your MBAe studies, you have access to an Entrepreneur in Residence (EiR), who will support you with mentoring, advice and feedback. The EiR works with students to apply real-world tested applications of Design Thinking and Lean Startup principles on a one-on-one or per team basis to refine their business ideas, strategies and execution.
Masterclasses and events
The UTS Business School Entrepreneurship Series features speakers and topics relevant for people interested in starting and building a business. The series is free and open to everyone. It is organised with the student entrepreneur in mind. Events are scheduled alongside the curriculum of the MBAe.
Venture Day
At the conclusion of the MBAe, students pitch their venture, which has been refined and perfected over the year, to experts, entrepreneurs and potential investors.The winning projects secure significant seed-funding and support. Learn more about the event here and in the video below.
Graduate Certificates
Completion of the Graduate Certificate in Commercialisation (C11251), the Graduate Certificate in Entrepreneurship (C11252) and the Graduate Certificate in Venture Acceleration (C11253) is equivalent to achieving the entire MBAe degree. Even if you commence the MBAe, it is still possible to exit the program early having completed one or two Graduate Certificates.
Entry and applications
Next steps
More Information and master classes
Contact us with your questions
Submit your application for the next intake
Explore the MBAe course in more detail online; download a copy of the MBAe flyer; or come and chat with the MBAe Course Director, fellow students and other experts at one of our Info Nights.
Alternatively, start tapping into our entrepreneurial ecosystem and attend a masterclass or workshop.
Email us at firstname.lastname@example.com or complete an online enquiry form.
You can apply for the next intake into the MBAe online, free of charge.
We've covered all the commonly asked questions on our FAQs page.


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The endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis infects a wide range of arthropods, in which it induces a variety of reproductive phenotypes, including cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), parthenogenesis, male killing, and reversal of genetic sex determination. The recent sequencing and annotation of the first Wolbachia genome revealed an unusually high number of genes encoding ankyrin domain (ANK) repeats. These ANK genes are likely to be important in mediating the Wolbachia-host interaction. In this work we determined the distribution and expression of the different ANK genes found in the sequenced Wolbachia wMel genome in nine Wolbachia strains that induce different phenotypic effects in their hosts. A comparison of the ANK genes of wMel and the non-CI-inducing wAu Wolbachia strain revealed significant differences between the strains. This was reflected in sequence variability in shared genes that could result in alterations in the encoded proteins, such as motif deletions, amino acid insertions, and in some cases disruptions due to insertion of transposable elements and premature stops. In addition, one wMel ANK gene, which is part of an operon, was absent in the wAu genome. These variations are likely to affect the affinity, function, and cellular location of the predicted proteins encoded by these genes.
The gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium Wolbachia pipientis is extremely widespread, infecting 20 to 75% of all insect species (21, 59), as well as other invertebrates, such as spiders, mites, terrestrial crustaceans, and filarial nematodes (7, 11, 31, 39, 51). Wolbachia is maternally transmitted and can rapidly invade insect populations through the reproductive distortions that it generates in hosts. These include cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI), parthenogenesis, male killing, and reversal of genetic sex determination (33, 38, 47, 48). CI is a type of embryonic lethality that in its simplest form results when Wolbachia-infected males mate with uninfected females. CI provides a reproductive advantage to infected hosts and as a result enhances the transmission of Wolbachia in host populations.
Despite considerable interest in Wolbachia as an agent that might promote insect speciation (5, 10) and as an applied tool for insect pest and disease control (4, 22, 45, 57), little is known about the molecular mechanisms that mediate the various reproductive distortions that it generates. Interestingly, the recent sequencing and annotation of the first Wolbachia genome, that of the strain that naturally infects Drosophila melanogaster (wMel) (60), revealed an unusually large number of genes that encode proteins containing ankyrin repeat (ANK) domains. While these domains are relatively common in both eukaryotic and viral proteins (42) and have been identified in more than 3,600 different proteins to date (29), they are relatively rare in bacteria. The annotation of 23 ANK genes in the wMel genome (2% of the total number of genes) is very atypical compared to the genomes of related α-Proteobacteria, such as Rickettsia, Anaplasma, and Ehrlichia, whose genomes typically contain only one to three genes encoding ankyrin repeats (2, 12). It has been proposed that the ANK genes in Wolbachia are likely to play a functional role in its unique biology (60).
The ANK domain is typically a 33-residue L-shaped motif containing two antiparallel α-helices connected by a short loop. ANK domains mediate protein-protein interactions (29, 43) in diverse families of proteins, including cytoskeletal and membrane proteins, transcriptional and developmental regulators, toxins, and CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitors (6, 27, 43). Interestingly, the inhibition of CDK1 has been proposed as a possible mechanism explaining the CI phenotype induced by Wolbachia in Nasonia wasps (53, 54). Moreover, in the related intracellular tick-borne pathogen Anaplasma phagocytophilum an ANK protein (AnkA) is secreted into the host cell, where it binds host chromatin, suggesting that it has a role in the regulation of host gene expression (12).
Considering the potential importance of ANK motifs in mediating protein-protein interactions and their profusion in Wolbachia, we performed a comparative study to examine the distribution, transcription, and sequence variation of ANK genes from nine different Wolbachia strains (Table 1). These strains all infect Drosophila and are capable of generating a range of different CI crossing types, and in some cases they are unable to cause CI (17). The latter strains are known to be incapable of inducing CI in males but still retain the capacity to rescue CI in females (mod−/resc+) (8, 26), or they are incapable of either inducing or rescuing CI (mod−/resc−).
Fly stocks and Wolbachia strains.The Wolbachia and Drosophila strains used in this work are listed in Table 1. Wolbachia strains were selected on the basis of the extent to which they cause CI (strong, weak, or non-CI inducers) in their hosts and their modification/rescue phenotypes. Wolbachia infections were maintained in fly stocks reared on standard corn flour-sugar-yeast medium at 25°C. Clearing of Wolbachia infections with tetracycline was performed as described elsewhere (18).
Dot blot analysis.DNA was extracted from D. melanogaster or Drosophila simulans female flies harboring the different Wolbachia strains (Table 1). Flies were homogenized and extracted by using either the Holmes-Bonner protocol (20) or an STE extraction method (32). DNA from tetracycline-treated D. melanogaster yw67c23 (wMel-T) and D. simulans Riverside-DSR (wRi-T) flies was also extracted and used as negative controls. DNA was spotted onto Zeta-Probe nylon filters (Bio-Rad), cross-linked by UV irradiation, and hybridized at 65°C overnight in 0.5 M sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, 7% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1 mM EDTA. Following hybridization the membranes were washed under medium-stringency conditions at 65°C (15-min washes in 2× SSC, 1× SSC, and then 0.5× SSC, all containing 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate [1× SSC is 0.15 M NaCl plus 0.015 M sodium citrate]). Autoradiography was performed with a PhosphorImager screen (Molecular Dynamics).
The probes for the 23 different ANK genes (see Fig. S1 in the supplemental material) were PCR amplified from Wolbachia wMel genomic DNA using specific primers (see Table S1 in the supplemental material). The Wolbachia surface protein gene wsp was amplified with primers 81F and 691R (9) and probed as a control for Wolbachia DNA. The PCR cycling conditions were as follows: 94°C for 3 min, followed by 94°C for 30 s, 50°C for 30 s, and 72°C for 3 min for 35 cycles and then 72°C for 10 min. The reaction mixture (final volume, 20 μl) contained each primer at a concentration of 500 nM, each deoxynucleoside triphosphate at a concentration of 200 μM, 1.5 mM MgCl2, 100 ng of wMel DNA, and 1 U of Taq polymerase (Promega). The reaction buffer contained 10 mM Tris (pH 9.0), 50 mM KCl, and 0.1% Triton X-100. PCR products were separated in 1% agarose gels, stained with ethidium bromide, and gel purified using gel extraction kits (QIAGEN). They were radioactively labeled with [α-32P]dATP (Amersham Pharmacia) using a Random Primed DNA labeling kit (Roche) and were cleaned prior to hybridization with a PCR purification kit (QIAGEN).
RT-PCR.Total RNA was extracted from Drosophila harboring the different Wolbachia strains using Trizol (Invitrogen), followed by chloroform extraction and isopropanol precipitation. The RNA preparation was treated with RNase-free RQ1 DNase (Promega), and first-strand cDNA was synthesized from 5 μg of total RNA using reverse transcriptase (RT) (Superscript III; Invitrogen) and random primers (Promega) at 42°C for 60 min. The cDNA was treated with RNase H prior to the PCR. Negative controls to detect genomic DNA contamination were processed in the same way, except that no reverse transcriptase was added to the reaction mixture. cDNA synthesized using RNA from tetracycline-treated Drosophila flies was used as a Wolbachia-free negative control. PCR amplification was performed as described previously using 1 μl of cDNA as the template and the primers listed in Table S1 in the supplemental material. Each RT-PCR was repeated three times using independent RNA extracts and cDNA synthesis reactions. Negative controls showed no PCR amplification. In order to characterize expression of the WD0512-WD0513-WD0514 operon (see Fig. 2B), the following primers spanning the intergenic regions were used: P1 (5′-CTAATGCAAACCCATGAAACCCTGC-3′), P2 (5′-CCATTTATAATAGCTGGGGCTATGG-3′), P3 (5′-GAGAATTATCTTGATAGAGTTGTACC-3′), and P4 (5′-CGATATTGTTTTAGAGAAAACAAAGG-3′).
Characterization of the genomic region around WD0514 in the Wolbachia wAu strain.For sequencing of the genomic region flanking WD0514, DNA was extracted from the Wolbachia wAu strain, digested using either the EcoRI or SpeI restriction endonuclease (New England Biolabs), and ligated overnight at 12°C into pBluescript II SK (Stratagene). The ligation mixtures were diluted 1:20, and 1 μl was used as a template for PCRs performed with various forward primers specific for several open reading frames (ORFs) adjacent to WD0514 and reverse primers specific for pBluescript, such as primer M13R (5′-CAGGAAACAGCTATGAC-3′) or T7 (5′-TAATACGACTCACTATAGGG-3′). The PCR conditions were the same as those described above for the RT-PCR analysis, except that Expand High Fidelity Taq polymerase (Roche) was used. PCR bands were cloned into the pGEM-T Easy vector (Promega) and sequenced with the T7 and M13R universal primers using an AB Big Dye terminator kit (version 3.1) with fluorescent sequencing and AmpliTaq DNA polymerase (Perkin-Elmer), and they were analyzed with an AB 3730xl-96 capillary sequencer. Sequencing was done at the Australian Genome Research Facility. Sequence similarity searches were performed using the BLAST algorithm (1) at the National Center for Biotechnology Information. Analysis and assembly of the sequences were done using the EditSeq, SeqMan, and MegAlign components of the Lasergene sequence analysis software package (DNAStar Inc., Madison, Wis.). The primers used to confirm the insertion size (see Fig. 3B) were P5 (5′-GCAGCCATGCTCGGTAA-3′) and P6 (5′-ACTTTGGAGTTAAAACCGTA-3′). These primers are 28.25 kb apart in the wMel genome and anneal to single-copy genes (WD0505 and WD0523, respectively).
Sequencing of ANK genes in the Wolbachia wAu strain.ANK genes from the different Wolbachia strains were PCR amplified using specific primers (see Table S1 in the supplemental material) based on the recently sequenced Wolbachia strain wMel genome (60). The PCR parameters were basically those described above, except that Expand High Fidelity Taq polymerase (Roche) was used. Three or four independent PCRs were performed for each gene. Sequence manipulation and analysis were done as described above. The protein domains were identified by using SMART v3.5 (http://smart.embl-heidelberg.de/ ) (23, 42). The partial sequences which we obtained for the WD0191 and WD0285 genes in wAu using the primers indicated in Table S1 are identical to the sequences of the genes in wMel.
Nucleotide sequence accession numbers.Partial sequences of the wAu genes that differ from their homologues in wMel have been deposited in the GenBank database under the following accession numbers: WD0035 , AY971752 ; WD0073 , AY971753 ; WD0147 , AY971754 ; WD0286 , AY971755 ; WD0291 , AY971756 ; WD0292 , AY649749 ; WD0294 , AY649750 ; WD0385 , AY664873 ; WD0438 , AY971757 ; WD0441 , AY971758 ; WD0498 , AY836559 ; WD0550 , AY649751 ; WD0566 , AY971759 ; WD0596 , AY971760 ; WD0633 , AY672910 ; WD0636 , AY649752 ; WD0637 , AY971761 ; WD0754 , AY836560 ; WD0766 , AY649753 ; and WD1213 , AY971762 .
Distribution of ANK genes in different Wolbachia strains.We determined the distribution of the 23 ANK genes found in the wMel Wolbachia genome in a variety of Wolbachia strains that have different effects in their hosts (Table 1). We placed special emphasis on the comparison between the sequenced wMel strain, which causes CI in Drosophila, and the closely related wAu strain. The latter strain was initially found in Australia and America (17, 56) and is unable to cause CI in Drosophila. Probes for the 23 ANK genes (see Fig. S1 in the supplemental material) were PCR amplified, radioactively labeled, and hybridized to membranes containing DNA from a wide range of Wolbachia strains. We found that the distribution of the 23 wMel genes coding for ANK proteins varied significantly in the strains (Fig. 1). A dot blot and PCR analysis was especially useful for revealing putatively absent genes. As expected, all the probes hybridized to wMel DNA and to DNA of the virulent wMelPop ("popcorn") strain, whose genome sequence is very similar to that of wMel (49). Only 2 of the 23 ANK genes (WD0441 and WD0498) weakly hybridized (data not shown) to DNA extracted from the tetracycline-treated flies (wMel-T and wRi-T), which were used as negative controls. This was most likely the result of nonspecific hybridization, as DNA from these flies was negative (as determined both by PCR and by hybridization) for the characteristic Wolbachia wsp gene (Fig. 2A, bottom panel). In this work we used four wAu strains (mod−/resc−) obtained from different fly stocks (Table 1) in order to compare the reproducibility of the results and the genetic consistency of the infection. The four strains gave identical results in all experiments. Most ANK genes were found in all group A Wolbachia, with a few exceptions. WD0514 was present only in strains that have the wMel CI crossing type (wMel, wMelCS, and wMelPop), and it was absent in all strains that have different CI crossing types, as well as wAu (mod−/resc−) and the wMau strain (mod−/resc+). In addition, a group of phage-associated ANK-containing genes (WD0285, WD0291, WD0292, and WD0294) were absent from wRi (Fig. 1), most likely reflecting differences in prophage insertions between strains. The wHa Wolbachia strain, a more distant relative of the wMel strain, as shown in the cladogram in Fig. 1, was negative for 7 of the 23 ANK genes. Most ANK genes were not detected in group B Wolbachia, probably due to high levels of sequence divergence between strains since BLAST analysis of the unfinished Wolbachia genome of Culex (www.sanger.ac.uk ) and the recently completed Wolbachia genome of Brugia (14) revealed a number of genes with similarity to the wMel ANK genes. Comparison of the mod−/resc+ strain wMau with the very closely related mod+/resc+ strain wNo revealed the absence of WD0286 and WD0596 in wMau (Fig. 1).
ANK gene WD0514 is part of an operon that is present in all mod+ members of the wMel clade and absent in all mod−wAu strains.Since the WD0514 gene was present only in strains belonging to the wMel clade, which were capable of generating the wMel CI crossing type, we examined the possibility that this was the result of recent introduction into this clade. Both dot blot analysis (Fig. 2A) and PCR analysis (data not shown) of the chromosomal region around this gene showed that the upstream ORFs WD0512 and WD0513 were absent in all strains that lacked WD0514, including wAu, and were present only in wMel, wMelCS, and wMelPop. RT-PCR using primers spanning the junction between these three ORFs demonstrated that these three genes, which have little or no intergenic space between them, are transcribed as a single transcriptional unit in Wolbachia strains wMel and wMelPop (Fig. 2B), whereas there is no expression of the operon or WD0514 in wAu (Fig. 2C).
To determine the extent of the presumed insertion around the WD0512-WD0513-WD0514 operon in wMel strains, wAu genomic DNA was digested with either EcoRI or SpeI endonuclease, ligated into pBluescript, and used for chromosome walking by PCR performed with primers in the vector and in various single-copy genes contiguous to these ORFs. After sequencing and assembling the resulting PCR products, we identified a difference of 21.86 kb between the wMel genome and the wAu strain genome (Fig. 3A). This result was confirmed by PCR amplification of the sequence between the single-copy WD0505 and WD0523 genes that flank this region. The distance between the PCR primers (P5 and P6) (Fig. 3A) in wMel is 28.25 kb, but the PCR product obtained with wAu DNA was 6.39 kb long (Fig. 3B), indicating that there was a 21.86-kb difference compared to wMel strains. Sequencing and restriction analysis of this band confirmed the gap between wMel chromosomal positions 486988 and 508845 that includes the ORFs WD0506 to WD0518. In wCer2, the PCR band obtained was 4.48 kb (Fig. 3B), indicating a larger, 23.77-kb difference (positions 486531 to 510304) compared to the wMel genome. The additional chromosomal section in wMel contains a series of genes (Fig. 3C) related to mobile element function, such as genes encoding two reverse transcriptases that are partially deleted in wAu (WD0506 and WD0518) or one reverse transcriptase in wCer2, as well as genes encoding two IS5 transposases (WD0516 and WD0517) (60). The fragment also contains genes encoding a degenerate RNase, a conserved hypothetical protein, and a transcriptional regulator, as well as two DNA repair genes (radC and mutL-2). The absence of these genes in wAu and wCer2 might have no phenotypic effect if they are multicopy genes, as they are in wMel (there is an extra copy of radC plus two truncated copies, and there is a paralogue of mutL-2, designated mutL-1, as well as a related gene, mutS). Of the 13 genes in wMel, only radC, mutL-2, and the RNase gene have orthologues in both Ehrlichia and Anaplasma, whereas the rest of the genes, including the WD0512-WD0513-WD0514 operon, have no orthologues in the genomes of these relatives.
ANK proteins are highly variable in mod+/resc+ and mod−/resc−Wolbachia strains.In order to determine possible differences between ANK genes of mod+/resc+ and mod−/resc−Wolbachia strains, we partially sequenced all 22 ANK genes from the wAu strain and compared them to the genes of wMel. Thirteen of the 22 genes had minor sequence variations (98 to 100% identity; see Materials and Methods for accession numbers). Among the rest, WD0292 encodes a protein containing a 4-amino-acid insertion in wAu (accession no. AY649749 ) compared to the wMel protein, whereas the protein encoded by WD0633 (accession no. AY672910 ) in wAu has small insertions and deletions of amino acids (two insertions and three deletions). Notably, seven ANK genes in wAu encode proteins with important differences (Fig. 4) compared with their wMel homologues, including variations in the number of ANK repeats, ORF disruption by transposable element insertions, premature stops, and fusion to an adjacent ORF, that were initially annotated as separated genes in the wMel genome. As a result of a 66-amino-acid deletion affecting repeats 4 and 5, the phage-associated WD0294 protein (accession no. AY649750 ) has seven ANK repeats in wAu compared with nine ANK repeats in wMel. WD0550 (accession no. AY649751 ) contains two extra ANK repeats (coding 66 extra amino acids) in wAu, whereas WD0766 (accession no. AY649753 ) contains three extra ANK repeats as a result of two insertions coding for 66 and 58 amino acids. In this case the precise ANK motifs that are deleted are unclear, although it appears that domains 2, 3, and 6 from wAu are absent in wMel (Fig. 4). Most importantly, in the wAu strain this gene contains a premature stop that eliminates the two transmembrane domains at the C terminus (Fig. 4) of the protein.
We also found that some ANK genes are larger in wAu than in wMel, as a result of mutations in the sequences that eliminate the stop codons that separate them from the next gene. On the one hand, WD0498 and WD0499 were initially annotated as separated ORFs in the wMel genome (60), but we found no stop codon between them in the wAu strains. The ANK protein encoded by WD0498 is therefore larger in wAu (accession no. AY836559 ) and contains an extra ANK repeat, previously unidentified in the annotation of the wMel genome, as a result of its fusion with WD0499 (Fig. 4). WD0499 is, however, shorter in wAu as a result of a premature stop codon. It seems clear that the mutation of a CAA codon into a TAA stop codon that results in the removal of one ANK repeat in the protein occurred in the wMel lineage, since this stop codon also appears in wMelCS and wMelPop (sequences identical to wMel) but not in wAu (accession no. AY836559 ), wCer2, or wRi (accession no. AY971763 ; wCer2 sequence similar to the wRi sequence). Similarly, we also found that the stop codon that separates the ANK gene WD0754 from the hypothetical gene WD0753 is present only in wMel, wMelCS, and wMelPop (similar sequences). In wAu (accession no. AY836560 ) and wCer2 (same sequence) a change from TAA to TCA results in fusion of the two genes as a single coding sequence. In this case, the addition of WD0753 to WD0754 does not modify the number of ANK repeats in the encoded wAu protein, but it does add an extra two transmembrane domains, as determined by TMHMM (Fig. 4). Gene junctions between other ANK genes that appear to be immediately adjacent to their flanking genes were also sequenced in various strains, but no other mutations in stop codons were found.
In addition to variation in the number of ANK domains, some ANK genes in the wAu Wolbachia strain contain major disruptions. The WO phage-associated ANK gene WD0636 (accession no. AY649752 ) carries a point mutation that introduces a premature stop codon into this gene in all the mod−/resc−wAu strains examined. This mutation is predicted to result in the production of a truncated WD0636 protein that lacks one ANK motif at the carboxy terminus and could affect its function. This premature stop was not found in other Wolbachia strains, such as wMelPop and wMelCS (data not shown). The phage-associated ANK gene WD0385 from wAu (accession no. AY664873 ) was found to contain a full-length 919-bp IS5 insertion element disrupting the ORF at nucleotide position 769, in the middle of the seventh ANK motif (Fig. 4). IS5 elements are very common in wMel, and there are 13 identical copies in the chromosome (60). They contain two ORFs for transposases and are flanked by terminal inverted repeats (TIRs). Interestingly, whereas all 13 IS5 elements in the wMel genome have asymmetrical TIRs containing one mismatch, the IS5 element inserted into WD0385 in wAu is flanked by identical TIRs (5′-AGAGGTTGTCCGGAAACAAGTAAA-3′). The orfA gene in this wAu IS5 element encodes a transposase with four amino acid differences compared with the wMel OrfA.
ANK gene expression.The expression of the 23 ANK genes from wMel was determined by RT-PCR by using RNA isolated from the wMel, wMelPop, and wAu Wolbachia strains. Two RT-PCR examples are shown in Fig. 5A. RT-PCRs showed that most ANK genes are actively expressed in these strains; the only exceptions are WD0514 (Fig. 2C), which is missing in the wAu chromosome (Fig. 1), and WD0385, which is only partially transcribed in wAu (Fig. 5B). When we used RT-PCR primers spanning the junction across the insertion element, we found expression of the WD0385 cDNA upstream of the IS5 insertion element (primers P7 [5′-GCAGAAGATGAAGAGGGAAAC-3′] and P8 [GAGTTCGTATGTCTTGAGTAG]) but not across the insertion point (primers P7 and P9 [5′-AAGGGAATGGTCAAGAATAG-3′]). Early termination of the transcript is probably caused by the TIRs that flank IS5 and that could act as a transcriptional terminator element by forming a 24-bp hairpin, as determined using secondary RNA prediction programs (http://www.genebee.msu.su ). The formation of this hairpin is facilitated by the fact that the TIRs that flank this IS5 element in the WD0385 gene are identical in their 24-bp sequences, unlike the TIRs in all 13 IS5 elements in the wMel genome, which contain a T/A mismatch at position 18.
The sequencing of the Wolbachia genome has revealed a surprisingly high number of genes coding for ANK repeats. The fact that these motifs are typically involved in protein-protein interactions makes the proteins very attractive candidates for molecules that are involved in the molecular communication that takes place between Wolbachia and the host cell, a process that has not been characterized yet. Analysis of the 23 wMel ANK genes in other group A and B Wolbachia strains revealed significant variation between strains. Obviously, the possibility that novel ANK genes not present in the wMel sequence are present in other strains cannot be excluded. In fact, Salzberg et al. (41) recently assembled a nearly complete Wolbachia genome from D. simulans that contains seven new ANK genes not found in the wMel genome.
Strains that are capable of both inducing the CI modification in Drosophila sperm and rescuing this modification in Drosophila eggs during fertilization are known as mod+/resc+ strains and include wMel, wMelCS, and wMelPop (58). In contrast, wAu strains, while very closely related, have been shown to be incapable of either modifying host sperm or rescuing the modification of related strains and are designated mod−/resc− strains. The wMel, wMelCS, and wMelPop strains and various wAu Wolbachia strains were compared to examine differences in either the distribution, expression, or sequence of ANK genes that might correlate with the phenotypic differences known to occur in these strains. The first obvious difference observed between strains is the absence of the ankyrin domain gene WD0514 in all wAu strains (Fig. 1). When the region surrounding WD0514 was examined in more detail, we found that this gene is part of an operon together with the WD0512 and WD0513 genes. Moreover, the operon was found to be part of a 21.86-kb insertion in the wMel clade that contains 13 ORFs (Fig. 3). Considering that the WD0512-WD0513-WD0514 operon is found only in the wMel clade strains examined in this study, the most parsimonious explanation for the presence of this cluster of genes is an initial insertion of a reverse transcriptase in wAu (Fig. 3A), followed by insertion of the 21.86-kb element in the wMel-wMelCS-wMelPop lineage. This event would have been combined with duplication of the reverse transcriptase in wMel (Fig. 3A) to give the reverse transcriptase genes WD0506 and WD0518. Due to sequence divergence, we could not characterize by PCR this region in other Wolbachia strains that also lack the operon, although we found that the region is slightly different in wAu and wCer2. It is noteworthy that the G+C content of these 13 genes (35.7%) is similar to the average G+C content (35.2%) of the Wolbachia wMel genome (60), suggesting that the genes either were laterally transferred into the wMel lineage from a donor with a similar G+C content or, more probably, were present in the Wolbachia lineage for a considerable amount of time. In fact, the codon usage index in WD0506 to WD0518 is similar to the overall codon usage in the Wolbachia wMel genome (http://www.evolvingcode.net/codon ) (44), and this supports the finding that most of the variation in codon bias in the Wolbachia genome can be traced to variation in G and C (60). When genes in this region, other than those associated with mobile genetic elements, are compared to the genomes of the related bacteria Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, and Rickettsia, only the operon containing WD0512-WD0513-WD0514 is unique to the Wolbachia lineage and exhibits no significant similarity to any genes in the GenBank database beyond the presence of the conserved ANK domains in WD0514 and a coiled coil section between amino acids 1 and 150. Considering that only Wolbachia is capable of inducing reproductive incompatibilities in its arthropod hosts and the other related genera are not, it could be expected that Wolbachia genes associated with these phenomena would be found only in the Wolbachia lineage.
The sequencing of ANK genes in Wolbachia strains wMel and wAu that infect Drosophila and cause different phenotypes has revealed considerable variation between the strains in 10 of the 23 ANK genes. This variation was unexpected given how closely related the wMel and wAu strains are (see the cladogram in Fig. 1) and the inability to readily discriminate between them with other molecular markers at the time that this work was initiated. When the genes are examined in the context of CI expression, five genes are potential candidates for mediating, or at least modulating, CI expression in Drosophila. These include WD0514 and its associated operon that is found only in strains that are capable of generating the CI phenotype characteristic of wMel strains. Also, WD0636 and WD0385 are interesting as both of them are disrupted in wAu strains, which are incapable of generating CI in Drosophila. The disruption of WD0385 in wAu by an IS5 element terminates transcription of this gene in wAu, an interesting exception given that all ANK genes are actively expressed in Wolbachia, as shown by RT-PCR. Finally, the protein encoded by WD0766 has a different number of repeats in wMel and wAu, and in wAu it contains a premature stop that eliminates the two transmembrane domains at the C terminus (Fig. 4) of the protein in wMel. Consequently, this sequence variation could modify the affinity and function of the protein not only by affecting the number and location of ANK domains but also by changing the anchoring of the protein in the membrane and therefore its cellular localization in wAu compared with wMel. The opposite takes place with the protein resulting from the fusion between WD0754 and WD0753, which adds transmembrane domains to the encoded protein in the non-CI-inducing strain wAu. The separation of WD0754 and WD0753 is probably the result of a point mutation in the wMel clade that resulted in the removal of the transmembrane domains from the original ANK protein, with possible subsequent changes affecting its cellular location and folding. Apart from these genes, a number of other genes, including WD0292, WD0294, WD0498, WD0550, and WD0633, display sequence variability between the wAu and wMel strains that in some cases results in insertions and deletions of entire ANK motifs in the encoded proteins. Variability of the structure of these proteins and the number of interacting domains might also be associated with phenotypic differences between these strains.
The genetic differences between phage-related ANK genes, such as WD0294, WD0633, and WD0636, seem to have occurred after the phage was inserted into the Wolbachia chromosome, and it is improbable that they represent insertion of phages containing different ANK proteins. At least for the P2-like prophage element designated wMelWO-B that contains the WD0633 and WD0636 genes, major rearrangements and translocations have taken place, suggesting that this element is inactive (60). WD0294 is in the wMelWO-A region that represents a separate insertion in the Wolbachia lineage.
Changes in the modular architecture of multiple domain proteins have been shown to affect the folding, function, and specificity of these proteins (30). The reproductive distortions caused by different Wolbachia strains in their hosts could be finely tuned by variations in ANK protein architecture that could affect the stability, specificity, and binding properties of Wolbachia's ANK proteins. The variability of phenotypes induced by different Wolbachia strains in their hosts is unlikely to be caused by the presence or absence of a "CI gene(s)," a "parthenogenetic gene(s)," or a "male-killing gene(s)," but it is likely to be caused by variation in the binding and affinity properties of the protein(s) responsible. It has recently been shown that deletion of terminal repeats (from the N or C terminus) in ANK proteins can be tolerated to various extents (55). For example, deletion of terminal repeats in the human ANK protein p16INK4a (a CDK inhibitor and tumor suppressor) decreases its unfolding energy, but the internal repeats maintain their structure (61), whereas in the Drosophila Notch protein the effects vary depending on the repeats deleted (63). Therefore, changes in stability produced by modification of internal ANK repeats suggest that there is an evolutionary mechanism by which internal deletions minimize the loss of stability and additions or losses at the protein termini are selected.
Because of their modular structure, ANK proteins seem to be highly tolerant to insertions and deletions that affect entire repeats (55), in contrast to changes in the sequences of globular proteins, which are likely to damage the tertiary structure of entire domains (40). Protein repeat variability generally arises from recombination events, intragenic duplication, and deletions (3). It is clear that recombination mechanisms play an important role in shaping Wolbachia's genome (60), and changes in the ANK repeat protein structure through recombination of ANK genes could be a powerful driving force in the evolutionary history of Wolbachia by generating novel proteins with possible diverse functions through relatively simple mechanisms (55).
The stability of the variable ANK proteins found in different Wolbachia strains, their secretion and interaction in Drosophila, and the role that these proteins might have in (i) mediating the establishment of symbiotic associations, (ii) addressing the molecular communication between symbionts and the host cells in which they reside, and (iii) inducing or modulating the reproductive distortions induced by Wolbachia remain to be addressed. Unfortunately, functional assignment of Wolbachia's ANK genes cannot be done at present, as no genetic transformation technologies are currently available for this fastidious endosymbiont.
In summary, analysis of the unusually abundant ANK genes in the genome of Wolbachia across a number of phenotypically divergent strains has revealed considerable sequence variation in closely related bacterial strains. Correlations with phenotypes in the Drosophila host revealed a number of genes that are potential candidates for genes that are associated with the reproductive distortions generated by Wolbachia. The variation which we found in the distribution, expression, sequence, ANK domain architecture, and location, as well as the gain or loss of transmembrane domains in almost one-half of the ANK proteins in comparisons of strains that cause CI and strains that are unable to cause CI, are all factors that may affect the specificity, stability, affinity, and, consequently, function of these proteins.
We are very grateful to Manpreet Sidhu and Jenny Gough for technical support. We also thank Jeremy Brownlie, Wolfgang Miller, Steven Sinkins, Kevin Floate, and Elizabeth McGraw for providing constructive comments on the manuscript.
This work was supported by grants from the Australian Research Council.
- Received 11 January 2005.
- Accepted 28 April 2005.
- Copyright © 2005 American Society for Microbiology


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Calling all thrill seekers! Plan a day of adrenaline-packed adventure at Forever Florida in St. Cloud, home to America's only zip line roller coaster. This fun-filled adventure park also features a 7-story assisted free-fall over a swamp and a 1,300-foot-long zip line raceway that soars 78 feet above the ground through the Florida pines. This Central Florida attraction gives you a chance to see Florida like you've never seen it before.
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Go on the 2.5-hour 7-Zip Adventure to reach new heights, where you'll be led by an expert guide through a canopy of trees from platform to platform. The system of seven, high-tension cables and three-sky bridges will give you an adrenaline rush as you soar past surrounding scenery and lush foliage.
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Rub the sweetcorn all over with the olive oil and season, to taste, with freshly ground black pepper.
Heat a ridged grill pan over a high heat, add the sweetcorn and fry for 6-8 minutes, turning regularly, until brown on all sides.
Meanwhile, mash the butter with the spring onions, spices and garlic until well combined.
To serve, place the chargrilled sweetcorn into a serving plate. Spread the chilli, spring onion and herb butter on tops, so that it melts over the hot cobs.
Serve with fresh lime wedges. to squeeze over.
Cook's tip: Hot summers day? Switch the grill for the barbecue, adjusting cooking times according to barbecue instructions.


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TALLAHASSEE – The
Florida Department of Environmental Protection has committed $700,000 to the city
of Fort Lauderdale for a project to enhance stormwater and flood control in the
Las Olas Isles, Venice Isle and Rio Vista neighborhoods.
The project includes
the installation of almost 50 tidal control valves, drainage improvements,
manatee grates and 48 pollution-control baffles. Baffles are a
stormwater-treatment technology that remove sediments, suspended particles and
associated pollutants from stormwater.
protect our natural resources, every resident and every community must take responsibility
for their impact on the environment," said DEP Secretary Herschel T. Vinyard
Jr. "Stormwater and flood control are two tools that allow municipalities to
improve water quality."
runoff is water that flows into creeks, streams or rivers after rain.
Stormwater runoff usually contains a number of pollutants, including
fertilizers, pesticides, oil and grease. Once this runoff reaches a body of
water, the pollutants can cause rapid algal growth, algal blooms and other
complications. The stormwater in these
neighborhoods moves from the canals to the Atlantic Ocean.
Once runoff reaches
a body of water, the pollutants can contribute to rapid algal growth, algal
blooms and other complications. Filtration of the stormwater through pollution-control baffles reduces the amount of pollutants that reach the ocean. The
flood protection provided by the tidal control valves and drainage improvements
protects homes and residents and diminishes the opportunity for pollutants to
enter the canals during a flood event.
continues to lead the nation in taking innovative approaches to stormwater
management. Florida was not only one of the first states to implement a
statewide stormwater program, but also one of the first states to address both
agricultural and urban stormwater management through its water-quality
restoration program.
The Florida Department of Environmental Protection is the state's principal environmental agency, created to protect, conserve and manage Florida's environment and natural resources. The department enforces federal and state environmental laws, protects Florida's air and water quality, cleans up pollution, regulates solid waste management, promotes pollution prevention, and acquires environmentally sensitive lands for preservation. The agency also maintains a statewide system of parks, trails and aquatic preserves. To view the department's website log on to www.dep.state.fl.us.
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With effect from Tuesday 25th March the Centre is closed until further notice. We will update the site as soon as there is a change in government guidance. Thank you for your understanding.
Stradbroke Sports & Community Centre (often referred to as just the Community Centre) is the main building for holding all major functions within the village. The building was completed in 1995 and replaced the old village hall and incorporated the sports club thus integrating both sports and social activities in one building. It is run by a management committee of volunteers which includes representatives from various clubs and societies with the village.
The Centre is very much a focal point for a variety of organisations within the village and caters for all ages. The Centre also offers an excellent place to hold private functions and includes a bar manned by volunteers.
The management committee strives to maintain a modern facility and over the years has upgraded both the equipment and the building. It has free WiFi, modern projection facilities, PA, a large screen and surround sound system for showing films and presentations.
If you are a current user or interested in hiring the Centre; room sizes, hire charges, current bookings, together with a new user manual are all accessible on this website.
All that happens within the Centre is carried out by volunteers without whom the building and facilities would simply not operate. If anyone is interesting in offering their services, please contact any member of the Committee.


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Through February 15, the Howard Greenberg gallery is revisiting the origins of the commercial exhibition of photography. In 1959, on tenth street in New York, the photographer Larry Siegel opened one of the first galleries devoted to the medium. The Image Gallery, which closed in 1962, showcased the work of emerging photographers who would go on to become major artists, including Duane Michals, Saul Leiter, Sid Grossman, Charles Pratt and Garry Winogrand.
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