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Mayan Prophecy Countdown
Another late start as brekky was not until 8am and as I could not find anyone to upgrade my internet access I decided not to bother with any updates. I guess I could have written some stuff, but I wanted to get moving, the weather was fine, though a tad chilly at this altitude, but the view from my bedroom window was nice.
After brekky it was off like a shot, now Simon had told me to fill up with fuel in this town because it was tax free, but I had only used about 5lt after yesterdays fill up, so it was not really worth the stop. I guess if I had known where things were yesterday I could have planned my fuel stops better, but there you go, follow a purple line on a GPS and sometimes you miss out on things. Never mind, I was about 100km from Stelvio Pass and this did not take all that long to get to, with some nice rural valleys and villages to ride through once again as well as the winding roads up the sides of the mountains and lots of open sided tunnels, probably to protect the roads from falling rocks. And did I mention the weather was beautiful!
It was fun riding this pass, very tight turns which I did not perform all that well on to start with, but I am learning 😉 I also try and take photos as I go and the corners catch me out sometimes 🙂 I actually had a group of knee scrapers behind me so I waved them through then tagged on the end, they had very tuned exhaust systems which became apparent when in some of the tunnels I followed them through. But, I stopped for some photo opportunities of course so I lost them, or vica verca. You can check out some action in the movie. Just a note here, some of the reason these posts are late are because of trying to edit some movie segments to post, I did not want to post yesterdays nor todays posts without some video footage and IT TAKES TIME to just watch what I did, then select bits to upload, which is another whole new episode, but I have managed to find time to do both.
So, after the fun I stopped for a photo and video shoot, and the rest is self explanatory, FUN in caps 😉 The actual pass is a bit further on, the twisties are in bunches and the second batch is above the snow line, very nice scenery up there.
Of course what goes up must come down which was a different type of fun and with all the old fashioned sports cars out on a fun race, it was interesting to listen to them and see them as well. You may also have seen many pushbike riders and people on wheeled ski type things, very hard yakka that! Um, I did have a small issue with some Italian chaps in uniform at the top of the pass, maybe Guy can tell me what he was on about, it was all Italian to me, but whatever it was he let me off 🙂
Sadly though it did not take long to accomplish the goal and when I got down to the valley floor, it was time to say farewell to the fun and head north, a long way north. This is where my GPS mapping software caused me grief yet again, because I had created a route from here to IB's place in Frankfurt, it was 550km or so but the stupid machine truncated the route and I got confused with timing. I texted IB to let him know I would be there between three and four this arvo, but I did not take into account the slow driving amongst the traffic until a lot later when I entered Germany and finally found an autobahn, where I upped the pace a lot. It was around this time that I realised the route had been cut short and created a new one. Just when I thought I had 100km to go, I now had 350km, and after that I still had to get to Ingo's place which was another 250km north of IB's 😦 I am not worried about long distances, but when your mind is at the end of the journey and you find out you are 300km short, it can be frustrating.
Needless to say, I turned up the music and the throttle and settled in for the arvo. I had noticed that with the higher octane fuel, even though I was running at a faster pace, my economy did not suffer all that much, only if I went over 120 did it chew the fuel. Of course the highways were being upgrade constantly over here so I managed to encounter a lot of roadworks, but the cars here are very good and they would mostly move over so bikes could filter between them. Another side note here, apparently this is illegal at this time and I could have been booked, but they are trying to make this a legal act, all the car drivers want it too, and they are very helpful. Mind you, another thing that is TOTALLY VERBOTEN is to ride up the emergency lane, which I have done a few times, but they can take your licence away according to Ingo, so maybe I will curtail that activity 😉
As I got further into Germany the clouds started to build up, which for some reason I sort of expected! I did arrive at IB's place, a few hours later than I said, around 5.30pm and had a quick chat and took the opportunity to re-insert all my liners as I had been getting chilly in the past hour. I only came here to pick up my birthday present. I have a Kindle Touch 3G and there were no cases for it when I left home, so my Mum bought me a solar panel charge case for it over the internet, they had only just been released, and had it sent here. Originally, IB was to bring it to the Vstrom meeting a week or so back, but his bike was not ready so he never made it. Thanks for that IB, as I head north into the rain, in fact the last time I left IBs house on day one of my journey, it was raining too!!! Just for the record, I have the same tyres on my bike that we installed back then on the 22nd April, I have ridden over 20,000kms and they still have another 4-5,000kms on them. They are Heidenau Scout K60's. They are a brilliant tyre and the only thing I have noticed that is a slight negative is when they get squared off a bit, like mine have, when I did the mountains over the past two days they HOWLED on every corner, LOL, who cares, not me, I reckon it adds to the fun 😉
So, I had a two hour run north in the rain, and I got to try out my new riding gear and at the speed I was travelling, 140 or so, IT WORKED, yippee, I was dry for a change, about bloody time too! I did get a bit chilled though, so my electric gear can still be worn, and I was not wearing the thermals, so another layer can be added as well. Now I need sweltering heat to see how it handles that, not much chance of that up here though methinks, not until maybe late July. The rain did stop about 20 minutes from Ingos and the sun did come back out and eventually after only one stuff up(wrong address) I found the garage with a Cosmotos sign on it, welcome indeed. So, after a long day, I finally got to catch up Ingo and Cecilia and their new baby and settled into a great room, a nice beer or two and some great BBQ food. We chatted and beered on for ages, but I did bail early, I had had many long days and tomorrow was a ride day apparently 😉
Cheers from Bedburg, Germany


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Natural Colic Relief
Although colic is not easy to live with, relief (and some much-needed sleep) really does exist through a totally natural approach, available without a prescription!
Colic – Colic symptoms are generally characterized by your infant's constant crying that leaves you feeling helpless, frustrated, irritable, and exhausted. Colic is responsible for many sleepless nights and long days; you feel as though you are at your wit's end as you try just about anything and everything to soothe and find some relief for your upset infant. You may have been told that you just have to live with colic; eventually it will go away. Maybe those that tell you that have never experienced the everyday helplessness, hopelessness and fatigue that comes from dealing with a infant colic.
What would you do if you found out that an all natural approach to colic does exist, a cure for colic that doesn't promise colic relief by prescribing medications – medications with adverse side effects that could be worse than the actual colic itself? Would you try it? Yes, of course you would, because colic is utterly draining, both physically and emotionally, and who wants to continue to endure it when a natural solution for colic relief already exists?
Colic – Constant Crying, Little Relief
All babies cry, after all that is how they communicate their needs to their caregivers. Infants with colic, however, cry constantly, often for hours on end, and no amount of holding, soothing, rocking, or walking seems to make any difference at all. What exactly are the symptoms of colic?
- Excessive crying that usually starts at the same time each day
- The crying usually begins when the baby is several weeks old and generally lasts several months
- The infant is usually healthy otherwise
- The baby may pull its legs up to its chest, tighten its abdominal muscles, and/or clench its fists; the infant's face may be contorted or red
Colic often frightens parents and causes them to ask themselves and others, "What could I possibly be doing wrong?" The answer is nothing. The truth is you are not alone, even though it often feels that way. Colic affects nearly 25% of all infants and, one day, your baby will finally experience colic relief, and so will you!
Colic – Causes?
The causes of colic are generally not known. Medical professionals used to believe that colic was the result of a faulty digestive system that caused pain. This pain resulted in the unrelenting crying that is one of the chief symptoms of colic. Others believed it might be an infant formula-related problem.
New research offers the explanation that colic may be the result of a baby's overly sensitive temperament and an inability to deal with even a normal amount of stimulation in his or her environment, usually because of an immature nervous system. This explanation makes sense when you notice that some infants startle more easily and cry for longer periods of time. They are completely unable to cope with the everyday world around them. As these babies mature, they grow out of this phase and are better able to adapt to their environment.
Colic Remedies are Rarely Effective
There are several over-the-counter products that are generally recommended to treat colic, along with prescription medications that may produce harmful side effects, but these are rarely effective and don't address the likely cause of the colic; they only address colic symptoms.
While there is no magic cure for colic, there is an all-natural alternative that looks at correcting nerve interference in your infant's nervous system. Once this correction is delivered to your infant, normal nervous system functioning returns that brings colic relief to both your baby and you!
An all natural solution to colic already exists – a solution that can make you and your baby both smile (and sleep) again.
Colic: Natural Remedy, Drugless Solution
Many parents initially cringe when someone suggests consulting a chiropractor as a solution for their infant's colic. And the idea may seem foreign, even a bit radical; after all don't chiropractors "crack backs" as a way to ease pain in a patient's back and neck? How could a chiropractor possibly help you with relief for your baby's colic?
Simple. And if the idea of consulting a chiropractor for colic is something totally foreign and even a bit scary to you, it may be in your baby's best interest for you to learn more.
Chiropractic is the world's largest and most popular natural health care discipline, explains one Raleigh Chiropractor. Chiropractic care is delivered by highly educated professionals who are licensed in the state(s) in which they practice and are recognized health care providers by the federal government and most insurance companies. And…chiropractors have an extremely gentle touch when caring for your infant with colic.
Chiropractic can be helpful to babies with colic because:
- Chiropractors address the underlying cause of your baby's colic; they don't just treat symptoms.
- Today's chiropractic adjustments are safe and natural, even for infants!
- Chiropractic adjustments attempt to restore proper nervous system functioning which resulted in colic relief for many infants.
Colic Relief, the Natural Way
When you consult one of our sponsors on ChooseNatural.com, you can be assured of one thing – that you will meet a caring professional who cares about your situation and asks great questions. A doctor who listens intently and takes the time to fully understand your present situation, your through-the-roof stress level, and the fact that it's easy to love your infant while dreaming about throwing him or her from the upstairs window!
A chiropractor will determine whether your baby is a good candidate for chiropractic care after he or she conducts a thorough examination. The sponsoring chiropractor will share the results of this examination with you and recommend a plan of action designed ultimately to resolve your infant's colic.
Parents of Infants with Colic – Don't Give Up – Take Action
What parents of colicky babies say about the colic relief their infants have received from today's gentle chiropractic care.
Obviously, those of us who sponsor this public information site can't guarantee any results. However, we have an extremely high success rate with infant colic and parents and caregivers alike are often thrilled to find a solution that provides a permanent cure for their baby's colic. In fact, it's the successful safe and natural results that chiropractic patients continue to experience that allow chiropractic to thrive outside the mainstream medical model.
Try natural first. We know you're at your wit's end, so pick up the phone and call one of the sponsoring chiropractors near your home or office today.
Take the action you need to get the sleep and relief from colic that you truly need. Choose a natural solution for your infant's colic that attacks colic at its source and doesn't just try to relieve its symptoms.
Before You Give Your Infant Colic Medications…
Unlike over-the-counter and prescription medications, today's chiropractic enjoys an enviable safety record. Here are the most frequently-prescribed colic medications and a list of possible unwanted effects:
Drugs & Side Effects
Known to cause breathing difficulties, apnea, seizures, syncope, asphyxia, coma and muscular hypotonia.
Side effects include dry mouth, blurred vision, confusion, agitation, increased heart rate, heart palpitations, constipation, difficulty urinating, and occasionally seizures can occur. Other potential side effects include changes in taste perception, difficulty swallowing, headache, nervousness, drowsiness, weakness, dizziness, impotence, flushing, difficulty falling asleep, nausea, vomiting, rash, bloating and difficulty breathing.
Adverse reactions include dry eyes, dry mouth, urinary hesitancy and retention, blurred vision, rapid heart rates, palpitations, headache, nervousness, drowsiness, and dizziness.
Side effects may include constipation, dry mouth, trouble urinating, nausea, rash, itching, swelling of the hands or feet, trouble breathing, increased pulse, dizziness, diarrhea, vision problems, eye pain.
Better known side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headache, dizziness , unusual bleeding or bruising, rash, difficulty sleeping, mental changes, extreme weakness, fast/slow/irregular heartbeat and symptoms of an allergic reaction that may include: rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, trouble breathing.

subset: commoncrawl


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If are taking the steps to get a new heating and cooling system, you likely have a lot of questions. Is there a less invasive system than installing new ducts? What if I want to integrate zoning to my home? Is there a flexible system? If you're wondering about any of these questions, a mini-split system may be a good solution for your home.
Mini-splits can offer more flexibility than traditional systems. Because they don't require ductwork, they are typically easier to install. All you'll need is an interior unit on an exterior wall and an outdoor condensing unit. For additional flexibility, one outdoor unit can support up to five indoor units, depending upon the specific model. That means you can create different comfort zones in your home. Mini-splits are a wonderful solution when installing new ductwork just doesn't make sense all while allowing you to create a heating and cooling system tailored to your home.
Mini-splits also deliver advantages for your home's energy efficiency and security. According to Energy.gov, more than 30 percent of the energy you use heating and cooling your home comes from the temperature lost through your ducts. Because mini-split systems don't utilize ducts, less energy is wasted during heating and cooling than using traditional ducts. The flexibility they provide through zoning can also positively affect your energy costs. With more control over the temperature in your home, you won't unnecessarily heat or cool space that is empty or unused. Mini-splits can also help protect your home. Traditional wall and window units can leave your home more vulnerable to break-ins or intruders. Mini-splits only require a three-inch hole through your wall to start making your home comfortable.
Some of the most common reasons that people consider mini-split systems is if there is a room that is usually warmer or colder than the rest of the house; there has been an addition to the space, or there are rooms that are typically unoccupied.
If you'd like to discuss whether a mini-split system is a candidate for your home, give Comfort Zone, LLC a call at 239-214-0411. Our experts would are happy to share more about how this system could benefit your home.


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Posts Tagged 'Natural'
Jane Iredale Is The Skin Care Makeup
Jane Iredale mineral makeup is recommended by plastic surgeons, dermatologists and estheticians.
Benefits of Jane Iredale Mineral Foundation
– Can be used after cosmetic procedures such as chemical peels and laser treatments.
– Has a natural SPF 20 ( UVA/ UVB physical block), that is non-irritating and can be used after procedures when
other sunscreens may cause irritation or are not recommended.
– Water resistant, won't crease or smear even during the most strenuous exercise.
– Anti-inflammatory and Anti-microbial, making it ideal for acne, rosacea, and post procedure skin.
– No Talc, most powder is 50% – 80% talc. Talc is a cheep filler that will exaggerate peeling or further dry skin after cosmetic procedures.
– No oils, chemical, fillers, preservatives or FD&C dyes
– Natural & Organic : Paraben-free, PETA, 100% Natural
Why Jane Iredale
Jane Iredale brand of minerals is highly pigmented and are micro-pulverized. Other mineral make-up brands are milled on average of 3x, compared to Jane Iredale minerals that are micro-pulverized 11x and then sifted thru a silk screen. This allows for more coverage while using less product, as well as eliminating the need to buff or "work in" minerals. Jane Iredale also has a huge selection of color choices, including global shades for ethnic skin.
Pure Mineral Makeup vs. Mineral Based
The growing popularity of mineral makeup, encouraged a second generation of mineral based cosmetics, however, drugstore and discount mineral makeup products usually aren't "pure" minerals. Simply adding minerals to a cosmetic does not create the same benefit of a true mineral makeup. The top two ingredients should be Zinc Oxide and Titanium Dioxide, as they are the basis for a great mineral makeup. Mineral "based" cosmetics may also contain ingredients such as talc or preservatives, that are contraindicated to some cosmetic procedures.
PurePressed® Base SPF 20 Light Beige
The look is sheer and semi-matte. The feel is weightless. Pressed mineral powder is fast, easy
and mess free.
UVA/UVB SPF 20 broad-spectrum sun protection
A foundation, powder, concealer and sunscreen all in one
Very water-resistant and highly pigmented
Applies evenly and easily, providing long-lasting, gorgeous coverage
Light diffusing properties make skin look flawless, healthy and younger
May be applied wet or dry to complement any look
Great for shading, highlighting, contouring and lining
Handi Brush
A hand-tied goat hair brush for Jane Iredale PurePressed Base.
Ultra-soft and high-quality
Applies PurePressed Base with flawless ease
Hand-tied goat hairs pick up the perfect amount of product and distribute it simply and evenly
Amazing Base® SPF 20 Light Beige
An incredible loose mineral foundation with UVA/UVB broad-spectrum sun protection. The look is creamy and luminous. The feel is like silk.
Provides exceptional coverage of any distraction including redness and brown spots
Ideal for those who suffer from skin conditions such as eczema and rosacea
UVA/UVB SPF 20 gives broad-spectrum sun protection
Very water-resistant formula
Chisel Powder Brush
Applies Amazing Base ( loose powder) like no other brush.
Hand-tied from goat hair
Flocked Sponge
A sponge with a nap that glides across the skin. Applies and blends minerals.
Washable and will last forever
Use to take off any excess minerals or to add more minerals where needed for camouflage
When using minerals wet, use flocked sponge and D20 spray.
D2O™ Hydration Spray
This facial spritz resists evaporation and helps to hydrate and plump the cells. Also containing ingredients that calm the skin and fight free radicals, D2O is a must for post-laser or after any kind of peel! Some makeup artists believe that D2O is the quintessential last step in applying our makeup. It sets the minerals in seconds.
Celebrities that use Jane Iredale include:
Renée Zellweger
Nicole Kidman
Julianne Moore
Meg Ryan
Victoria Beckham
Halle Berry
Uma Thurman
Diane Deborah Messing
Megan Mullally
Angela Bassett
Ivana Trump
Melissa Gilbert
Lee Ann Womack
Bonnie Hunt
Exclusive Mineral Makeup for the Screen Actors Guild Awards Presenters Only.
Exclusive Makeup for "As The World Turns" cast.
Exclusive Mineral Makeup for "Organic Odyssey 2003."
Mineral makeup always looks better when you use the proper tools and technique.
Paradise Valley Skin Klinic carries Jane Iredale Products. Call and schedule an appointment, to be color matched for Jane Iredale mineral foundation.
480 421-1701
www.shapiroplastic surgery.com
You can follow Paradise Valley Skin Klinic on facebook.
Thank you for visiting Best of Both Worlds Az.
You can follow us on facebook, twitter and on our blog site.


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The snake that is resting on this Naga Sadhu's head is called a red sand boa and is commonly referred to as the two-headed snake. It is not the same as a bicephalous snake but has a tail which appears head-like. There are several superstitions attached to it, one of which is that it brings good luck to its owner and cures several diseases. This superstition has endangered the species and resulted in illegal trading for it. In these illegal markets, these snakes are purchased at exorbitant rates. Officially, it is a protected species.
Read more: Sadhu


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Tom Hanks
|Tom Hanks
Hanks receiving the 2014 Kennedy Center Honors Medallion, December 2014
|Thomas Jeffrey Hanks
July 9, 1956 [1]
Concord, California, U.S.
|Los Angeles, California, U.S.
|Chabot College
California State University, Sacramento
|Actor, filmmaker
|Years active
|Net worth
|$390 million (May 2014 estimate)[2]
|4; including Colin Hanks
|Jim Hanks (brother)
Thomas Jeffrey "Tom" Hanks[3] (born July 9, 1956)[4] is an American actor and filmmaker. He is known for his roles in Splash (1984), Big (1988), Philadelphia (1993), Forrest Gump (1994), Apollo 13 (1995), Saving Private Ryan, You've Got Mail (both 1998), The Green Mile (1999), Cast Away (2000), The Da Vinci Code (2006), Captain Phillips, and Saving Mr. Banks (both 2013), as well as for his voice work in the animated films The Polar Express (2004) and the Toy Story series.
Hanks has been nominated for numerous awards during his career. He won a Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Philadelphia, as well as a Golden Globe, an Academy Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, and a People's Choice Award for Best Actor for his role in Forrest Gump. In 2004, he received the Stanley Kubrick Britannia Award for Excellence in Film from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA).[5]
Hanks is also known for his collaboration with film director Steven Spielberg on Saving Private Ryan, Catch Me If You Can (2002), The Terminal (2004), and Bridge of Spies (2015), as well as the 2001 miniseries Band of Brothers, which launched Hanks as a successful director, producer, and writer. In 2010, Spielberg and Hanks were executive producers on the HBO miniseries The Pacific (a companion piece to Band of Brothers).
As of 2015, Hanks' films have grossed more than $4.3 billion at U.S. and Canadian box offices and more than $8.4 billion worldwide,[6] making him the third highest-grossing actor in film history,[7] after Harrison Ford and Samuel L. Jackson.[8]
- 1 Early life and education
- 2 Career
- 3 Personal life
- 4 Politics
- 5 Other activities
- 6 Legacy and impact
- 7 See also
- 8 References
- 9 Further reading
- 10 External links
Early life and education
Hanks was born in Concord, California, to Janet Marylyn (Frager), a hospital worker, and Amos Mefford Hanks, an itinerant cook.[4][9][10] His mother was of Portuguese ancestry (her family's surname was originally "Fraga"),[11] while two of Hanks's paternal great-grandparents emigrated from the United Kingdom.[12][13] Hanks' parents divorced in 1960. The family's three oldest children, Sandra (later Sandra Hanks Benoiton, a writer),[14] Larry (Lawrence M. Hanks, PhD, an entomology professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)[15] and Tom, went with their father, while the youngest, Jim, who also became an actor and filmmaker, remained with their mother in Red Bluff, California.[citation needed]
While Hanks' family religious history was Catholic and Mormon, he has characterized himself as being a "Bible-toting evangelical" for several years as a teenager.[16] In school, Hanks was unpopular with students and teachers alike, later telling Rolling Stone magazine: "I was a geek, a spaz. I was horribly, painfully, terribly shy. At the same time, I was the guy who'd yell out funny captions during filmstrips. But I didn't get into trouble. I was always a real good kid and pretty responsible." In 1965, Amos Hanks married Frances Wong, a San Francisco native of Chinese descent. Frances had three children, two of whom lived with Tom during his high school years. Hanks acted in school plays, including South Pacific, while attending Skyline High School in Oakland, California.[17]
Hanks studied theater at Chabot College in Hayward, and transferred to California State University, Sacramento two years later.[18] Hanks told New York magazine in 1986: "Acting classes looked like the best place for a guy who liked to make a lot of noise and be rather flamboyant. ... I spent a lot of time going to plays. I wouldn't take dates with me. I'd just drive to a theater, buy myself a ticket, sit in the seat and read the program, and then get into the play completely. I spent a lot of time like that, seeing Brecht, Tennessee Williams, Ibsen, and all that."[19]
During his years studying theater, Hanks met Vincent Dowling, head of the Great Lakes Theater Festival in Cleveland, Ohio.[9] At Dowling's suggestion, Hanks became an intern at the festival. His internship stretched into a three-year experience that covered most aspects of theater production, including lighting, set design, and stage management, prompting Hanks to drop out of college. During the same time, Hanks won the Cleveland Critics Circle Award for Best Actor for his 1978 performance as Proteus in Shakespeare's The Two Gentlemen of Verona, one of the few times he played a villain.[20]
Early acting career (1979–85)
In 1979, Hanks moved to New York City, where he made his film debut in the low-budget slasher film He Knows You're Alone (1980)[9][21] and landed a starring role in the television movie Mazes and Monsters.[22] Early that year, he was cast in the lead, Callimaco, in the Riverside Shakespeare Company's production of Niccolò Machiavelli's The Mandrake, directed by Daniel Southern. As a high profile Off Off Broadway showcase, the production helped Tom land an agent, Joe Ohla, with the J. Michael Bloom Agency.[citation needed]
The following year, Hanks landed one of the lead roles, that of character Kip Wilson, on the ABC television pilot of Bosom Buddies. He and Peter Scolari played a pair of young advertising men forced to dress as women so they could live in an inexpensive all-female hotel.[9] Hanks had previously partnered with Scolari on the 1970s game show Make Me Laugh. After landing the role, Hanks moved to Los Angeles. Bosom Buddies ran for two seasons, and, although the ratings were never strong, television critics gave the program high marks. "The first day I saw him on the set," co-producer Ian Praiser told Rolling Stone, "I thought, 'Too bad he won't be in television for long.' I knew he'd be a movie star in two years." However, although Praiser knew it, he was not able to convince Hanks. "The television show had come out of nowhere," Hanks' best friend Tom Lizzio told Rolling Stone. "Then out of nowhere it got canceled. He figured he'd be back to pulling ropes and hanging lights in a theater."[citation needed]
Bosom Buddies and a guest appearance on a 1982 episode of Happy Days ("A Case of Revenge," in which he played a disgruntled former classmate of Fonzie) prompted director Ron Howard to contact Hanks. Howard was working on the film Splash (1984), a romantic comedy fantasy about a mermaid who falls in love with a human.[23][24] At first, Howard considered Hanks for the role of the main character's wisecracking brother, a role that eventually went to John Candy. Instead, Hanks landed the lead role and subsequent career boost from Splash, which went on to become a surprise box office hit, grossing more than US$69 million.[25] He also had a sizable hit with the sex comedy Bachelor Party, also in 1984.[3] In 1983–84, Hanks made three guest appearances on Family Ties as Elyse Keaton's alcoholic brother, Ned Donnelly.[26][27]
Period of successes and failures (1986–91)
With Nothing in Common (1986) – a story of a young man alienated from his father (played by Jackie Gleason) – Hanks began to extend himself from comedic roles to dramatic roles. In an interview with Rolling Stone magazine Hanks commented on his experience: "It changed my desires about working in movies. Part of it was the nature of the material, what we were trying to say. But besides that, it focused on people's relationships. The story was about a guy and his father, unlike, say, The Money Pit, where the story is really about a guy and his house."[28]
After a few more flops and a moderate success with the comedy Dragnet, Hanks' stature in the film industry rose. The broad success of the fantasy comedy Big (1988) established Hanks as a major Hollywood talent, both as a box office draw and within the industry as an actor.[3][9][29] For his performance in the film, Hanks earned his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor.[30] Big was followed later that year by Punchline, in which he and Sally Field co-starred as struggling comedians.
Hanks then suffered a run of box-office under-performers: The 'Burbs (1989), Joe Versus the Volcano (1990), and The Bonfire of the Vanities (1990).[9] In the latter, he portrayed a greedy Wall Street figure who gets enmeshed in a hit-and-run accident. 1989's Turner & Hooch was Hanks' only financially successful film of the period.
Progression into dramatic roles (1992–95)
Hanks climbed back to the top again with his portrayal of a washed-up baseball legend turned manager in A League of Their Own (1992).[9] Hanks has stated that his acting in earlier roles was not great, but that he subsequently improved. In an interview with Vanity Fair, Hanks noted his "modern era of moviemaking ... because enough self-discovery has gone on ... My work has become less pretentiously fake and over the top". This "modern era" began in 1993 for Hanks, first with Sleepless in Seattle and then with Philadelphia. The former was a blockbuster success about a widower who finds true love over the radio airwaves.[31] Richard Schickel of TIME called his performance "charming," and most critics agreed that Hanks' portrayal ensured him a place among the premier romantic-comedy stars of his generation.[32]
In Philadelphia, he played a gay lawyer with AIDS who sues his firm for discrimination.[9] Hanks lost 35 pounds and thinned his hair in order to appear sickly for the role. In a review for People, Leah Rozen stated, "Above all, credit for Philadelphia's success belongs to Hanks, who makes sure that he plays a character, not a saint. He is flat-out terrific, giving a deeply felt, carefully nuanced performance that deserves an Oscar." Hanks won the 1993 Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Philadelphia.[9][33] During his acceptance speech, he revealed that his high school drama teacher Rawley Farnsworth and former classmate John Gilkerson, two people with whom he was close, were gay.[34]
Hanks followed Philadelphia with the 1994 hit Forrest Gump which grossed a worldwide total of over $600 million at the box office.[35] Hanks remarked: "When I read the script for Gump, I saw it as one of those kind of grand, hopeful movies that the audience can go to and feel ... some hope for their lot and their position in life ... I got that from the movies a hundred million times when I was a kid. I still do." Hanks won his second Best Actor Academy Award for his role in Forrest Gump, becoming only the second actor to have accomplished the feat of winning consecutive Best Actor Oscars.[36] (Spencer Tracy was the first, winning in 1937–38. Hanks and Tracy were the same age at the time they received their Academy Awards: 37 for the first and 38 for the second.)[37][38]
Hanks' next role—astronaut and commander Jim Lovell, in the 1995 film Apollo 13—reunited him with Ron Howard.[9] Critics generally applauded the film and the performances of the entire cast, which included actors Kevin Bacon, Bill Paxton, Gary Sinise, Ed Harris, and Kathleen Quinlan. The movie also earned nine Academy Award nominations, winning two. Later that year, Hanks starred in Disney/Pixar's computer-animated hit film Toy Story, as the voice of Sheriff Woody.[39]
Continued success (1996–99)
Hanks made his directing debut with his 1996 film That Thing You Do! about a 1960s pop group, also playing the role of a music producer.[40][41] Hanks and producer Gary Goetzman went on to create Playtone, a record and film production company named after the record company in the film.[42][43]
Hanks then executive produced, co-wrote, and co-directed the HBO docudrama From the Earth to the Moon. The 12-part series chronicled the space program from its inception, through the familiar flights of Neil Armstrong and Jim Lovell, to the personal feelings surrounding the reality of moon landings. The Emmy Award-winning project was, at US$68 million, one of the most expensive ventures undertaken for television.[44][45]
In 1998, Hanks' next project was no less expensive. For Saving Private Ryan, he teamed up with Steven Spielberg to make a film about a search through war-torn France after D-Day to bring back a soldier.[46] It earned the praise and respect of the film community, critics, and the general public.[47] It was labeled one of the finest war films ever made and earned Spielberg his second Academy Award for direction, and Hanks another Best Actor nomination.[48] Later that year, Hanks re-teamed with his Sleepless in Seattle co-star Meg Ryan for You've Got Mail, a remake of 1940's The Shop Around the Corner.[3] In 1999, Hanks starred in an adaptation of the Stephen King novel The Green Mile.[49] He also returned as the voice of Woody in Toy Story 2, the sequel to Toy Story. The following year, he won a Golden Globe for Best Actor and an Academy Award nomination for his portrayal of a marooned FedEx systems analyst in Robert Zemeckis's Cast Away.[50][51]
International recognition (2000–09)
In 2001, Hanks helped direct and produce the Emmy-Award winning HBO miniseries Band of Brothers.[52] He also appeared in the September 11 television special America: A Tribute to Heroes and the documentary Rescued From the Closet.[53] He then teamed up with American Beauty director Sam Mendes for the adaptation of Max Allan Collins's and Richard Piers Rayner's graphic novel Road to Perdition, in which he played an anti-hero role as a hitman on the run with his son. That same year, Hanks collaborated once again with director Spielberg, starring opposite Leonardo DiCaprio in the hit crime comedy Catch Me If You Can, based on the true story of Frank Abagnale, Jr. The same year, Hanks and his wife Rita Wilson produced the hit movie My Big Fat Greek Wedding.[54][55] In August 2007, he along with co-producers Rita Wilson and Gary Goetzman, and writer and star Nia Vardalos, initiated a legal action against the production company Gold Circle Films for their share of profits from the movie.[56][57][58] At the age of 45, Hanks became the youngest-ever recipient of the American Film Institute's Life Achievement Award on June 12, 2002.[59][60]
In 2004, he appeared in three films: The Coen brothers' The Ladykillers, another Spielberg film, The Terminal, and The Polar Express, a family film from Robert Zemeckis. In a USA Weekend interview, Hanks discussed how he chooses projects: "[Since] A League of Their Own, it can't be just another movie for me. It has to get me going somehow ... There has to be some all-encompassing desire or feeling about wanting to do that particular movie. I'd like to assume that I'm willing to go down any avenue in order to do it right". In August 2005, Hanks was voted in as vice president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.[61]
Hanks next starred in the highly anticipated film The Da Vinci Code, based on the best-selling novel by Dan Brown. The film was released May 19, 2006, in the U.S. and grossed over US$750 million worldwide.[62] He followed the film with Ken Burns's 2007 documentary The War. For the documentary, Hanks did voice work, reading excerpts from World War II-era columns by Al McIntosh. In 2006, Hanks topped a 1,500-strong list of "most trusted celebrities" compiled by Forbes magazine.[63]
Hanks next appeared in a cameo role as himself in The Simpsons Movie, in which he appeared in an advertisement claiming that the U.S. government has lost its credibility and is hence buying some of his. He also made an appearance in the credits, expressing a desire to be left alone when he is out in public. Later in 2006, Hanks produced the British film Starter for Ten, a comedy based on working-class students attempting to win on University Challenge.[64]
In 2007, Hanks starred in Mike Nichols's film Charlie Wilson's War (written by screenwriter Aaron Sorkin) in which he played Democratic Texas Congressman Charles Wilson.[65] The film opened on December 21, 2007, and Hanks received a Golden Globe nomination.[66] In the comedy-drama film The Great Buck Howard (2008), Hanks played the on-screen father of a young man (played by Hanks' real-life son, Colin) who chooses to work as road manager for a fading mentalist (John Malkovich). His character was less than thrilled about his son's career decision.[67] In the same year, he executive produced the musical comedy, Mamma Mia and the miniseries, John Adams.[68][69]
Hanks' next endeavor, released on May 15, 2009, was a film adaptation of Angels & Demons, based on the novel of the same name by Dan Brown. Its April 11, 2007, announcement revealed that Hanks would reprise his role as Robert Langdon, and that he would reportedly receive the highest salary ever for an actor.[70][71] The following day he made his 10th appearance on NBC's Saturday Night Live, impersonating himself for the Celebrity Jeopardy sketch. Hanks produced the Spike Jonze film Where The Wild Things Are, based on the children's book by Maurice Sendak in 2009.[72]
Later projects (2010–present)
In 2010, Hanks reprised his voice role of Woody in Toy Story 3, after he, Tim Allen, and John Ratzenberger were invited to a movie theater to see a complete story reel of the movie.[73] The film went on to become the first animated film to gross a worldwide total of over $1 billion as well as the highest grossing animated film of all time.[74][75] This record held until the 2013 Disney film, Frozen, surpassed it.[76] He also was executive producer of the miniseries, The Pacific.[77]
In 2011, he directed and starred opposite Julia Roberts in the title role in the romantic comedy Larry Crowne.[78] The movie received poor reviews, with only 35% of the 175 Rotten Tomatoes reviews giving it high ratings.[79] Also in 2011, he starred in the drama film Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close.[80] In 2012, he voiced the character Cleveland Carr for a web series he created titled Electric City.[81] He also starred in the Wachowskis-directed film adaptation of the novel of the same name, Cloud Atlas and was executive producer of the miniseries Game Change.[82]
In 2013, Hanks starred in two critically acclaimed films—Captain Phillips and Saving Mr. Banks—which each earned him praise, including nominations for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role and the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama for the former role.[83][84] In Captain Phillips, he starred as Captain Richard Phillips with Barkhad Abdi, which was based on the Maersk Alabama hijacking.[85] In Saving Mr. Banks, co-starring Emma Thompson and directed by John Lee Hancock, he played Walt Disney, being the first actor to portray Disney in a mainstream film.[86] That same year, Hanks made his Broadway debut, starring in Nora Ephron's Lucky Guy, for which he was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play.[87]
In 2014, Hanks' short story "Alan Bean Plus Four" was published in the October 27 issue of The New Yorker. Revolving around four friends who make a voyage to the moon, the short story is titled after the Apollo 12 astronaut Alan Bean. Slate magazine's Katy Waldman found Hanks' first published short story "mediocre", writing that "Hanks' shopworn ideas about technology might have yet sung if they hadn't been wrapped in too-clever lit mag-ese".[88] In an interview with The New Yorker, Hanks said he has always been fascinated by space. He told the magazine that he built plastic models of rockets when he was a child and watched live broadcasts of space missions back in the 1960s.[89]
In March 2015, Hanks appeared in the Carly Rae Jepsen music video for "I Really Like You", lip-syncing most of the song's lyrics as he goes through his daily routine.[90]
Personal life
Hanks was married to American actress Samantha Lewes[91] from 1978 until they divorced in 1987.[3] Together, the couple had two children,[92] son Colin Hanks, born in 1977, and daughter Elizabeth Hanks.[3]
In 1988, Hanks married actress Rita Wilson, with whom he costarred in the film Volunteers.[3] They have two sons. The elder, Chester (Chet) Marlon Hanks, had a minor role as a student in Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull and released a rap single in 2011.[93] Their younger, Truman Theodore, was born in 1995.[94]
On October 7, 2013, on The Late Show with David Letterman, Hanks announced that he has Type 2 diabetes.[95]
Before marrying his second wife, Hanks converted to the Greek Orthodox Church, the religion of Wilson and her family.[96][97] Hanks said, "I must say that when I go to church—and I do go to church—I ponder the mystery. I meditate on the 'why?' of 'why people are as they are' and 'why bad things happen to good people,' and 'why good things happen to bad people' ... The mystery is what I think it is, almost, the grand unifying theory of mankind."[16]
Hanks has made donations to many Democratic politicians and has been open about his support for same-sex marriage, environmental causes, and alternative fuels. Hanks made public his presidential candidate choice in the 2008 election, uploading a video to his MySpace account in which he announced his endorsement of Barack Obama.[98]
A proponent of environmentalism, Hanks is an investor in electric vehicles and owns both a Toyota RAV4 EV and the first production AC Propulsion eBox. Hanks was a lessee of an EV1 before it was recalled, as chronicled in the documentary Who Killed the Electric Car?[99] He was on the waiting list for an Aptera 2 Series.[100]
Hanks was extremely outspoken about his opposition to the 2008 Proposition 8, an amendment to the California constitution that defined marriage as a union only between a man and a woman. Hanks and others who were in opposition to the proposition raised over US$44 million, in contrast to the supporters' $39 million,[101] but Proposition 8 passed with 52% of the vote.[102] It was only overruled in June 2013, when the Ninth Circuit lifted its stay of the district court's ruling, enabling Governor Jerry Brown to order same-sex marriage officiations to resume.[103]
While premiering a TV series in January 2009, Hanks called supporters of Proposition 8 "un-American" and criticized the LDS Church members, who were major proponents of the bill, for their views on marriage and their role in supporting the bill.[104][105] About a week later, Hanks apologized for the remark, saying that nothing is more American than voting one's conscience.[106] Hanks narrated a video created by Obama for America, titled The Road We've Traveled.[107]
Other activities
A supporter of NASA's manned space program, Hanks said he originally wanted to be an astronaut. Hanks is a member of the National Space Society, serving on the Board of Governors of the nonprofit educational space advocacy organization founded by Dr. Wernher von Braun.[108] He also produced the HBO miniseries From the Earth to the Moon about the Apollo program to send astronauts to the moon. In addition, Hanks co-wrote and co-produced Magnificent Desolation: Walking on the Moon 3D, an IMAX film about the moon landings.[109] Hanks provided the voice over for the premiere of the show Passport to the Universe at the Rose Center for Earth and Space in the Hayden Planetarium at the American Museum of Natural History in New York.[110]
In 2006, the Space Foundation awarded Hanks the Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Award,[111] given annually to an individual or organization that has made significant contributions to public awareness of space programs.[112]
In June 2006, Hanks was inducted as an honorary member of the United States Army Rangers Hall of Fame for his accurate portrayal of a Captain in the movie Saving Private Ryan; Hanks, who was unable to attend the induction ceremony, was the first actor to receive such an honor.[113] In addition to his role in Saving Private Ryan, Hanks was cited for serving as the national spokesperson for the World War II Memorial Campaign, for being the honorary chairperson of the D-Day Museum Capital Campaign, and for his role in writing and helping to produce the Emmy Award-winning miniseries, Band of Brothers.[114] On March 10, 2008, Hanks was on hand at the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame to induct the Dave Clark Five.[115]
Hanks is a collector of manual typewriters and uses them almost daily.[116][117] In August 2014, Hanks released Hanx Writer, an iOS app meant to emulate the experience of using a typewriter; within days the free app reached number one on the App Store.[118][119] In November 2014, Hanks said he would publish a collection of short stories inspired by his collection.[120]
Legacy and impact
Hanks is perceived to be amiable and congenial to his fans. In 2013, when he was starring in Nora Ephron's Lucky Guy on Broadway, he had crowds of 300 fans waiting for a glimpse of him after every performance. This is the highest number of expectant fans post-show of any Broadway performance.[121]
Hanks is ranked as the third highest all-time box office star in North America, after Harrison Ford and Samuel L. Jackson, with a total gross of over $4.334 billion at the North American box office, an average of $100.8 million per film.[8] Worldwide, his films have grossed over $8.558 billion.[122]
Asteroid 12818 Tomhanks is named after him.[123]
See also
- ↑ "Monitor". Entertainment Weekly (1215). Time Inc. July 13, 2012. p. 20.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Kim, Susanna (May 22, 2014). "The Richest Actors in the World Are Not Who You Expect". ABC Good Morning America. Retrieved August 5, 2014. Italic or bold markup not allowed in:
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- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 "Tom Hanks Biography". Biography.com (FYI / A&E Networks). Retrieved August 6, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Tom Hanks Biography (1956-)". FilmReference.com. Retrieved November 28, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Hanks' big splash in Hollywood". BBC News. November 5, 2004. Retrieved August 7, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Tom Hanks Movie Box Office Results". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved August 6, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The 10 most valuable actors of all time". Dailyfinance.com. February 21, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "People Index." Box Office Mojo.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.9 Stated on Inside the Actors Studio, 1999
- ↑ David Gardner (January 1, 1999). Tom Hanks. Blake. ISBN 978-1-85782-327-1.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Mendes, Eurico. "James Franco, neto de pescador madeirense apresenta os Oscars" (in português). Portuguese Times. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved April 21, 2014.
...Hanks é de ascendência lusa pelo lado materno. A mãe, Janet Marylyn Frager Hanks, é filha de Elenia Rose e Clarence Frager. / ...Hanks is of Portuguese ancestry on the maternal side. The mother, Janet Marylyn Frager Hanks, is the daughter of Rose and Elenia Clarence Frager...<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Friday Night with Jonathan Ross, January 2008 on YouTube
- ↑ "The all-American icons with British roots – Showbiz – Evening Standard". Thisislondon.co.uk. November 8, 2006. Retrieved March 12, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ "Female Nomad and Friends Interview: Sandra Hanks Benoiton". Retrieved July 10, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Lawrence M. Hanks, Associate Professor – University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 Terry Mattingly (March 25, 2009). "Mattingly: Tom Hanks talks about religion". Scripps Howard News Service. Retrieved December 14, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ Silverman, Stephen (April 15, 1998). "Hanks Thanks School". People.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Freedom du Lac, J. (February 19, 2004). "Show your ID: What do you call that university by the river? The new president steps into the name game". California State University. Retrieved July 20, 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- a "Famous alumni*: Actor Tom Hanks... *Includes former students who attended – but didn't graduate from – the university" — ¶ 67.
- ↑ Blum, David (July 28, 1986). "Tom Hanks's Real Splash: A Funny Guy Grows Up in 'Nothing in Common'". New York. New York Media. 19 (29): 39. ISSN 0028-7369.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Mytnick, Colleen (October 2009). "Life According to Tom Hanks". Cleveland Magazine. Retrieved November 6, 2010.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "He Knows You're Alone (1980)". The New York Times. Retrieved July 10, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Kushner, David (March 10, 2008). "Dungeon Master: The Life and Legacy of Gary Gygax". Wired.com. Retrieved October 16, 2008.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Cullen, Jim (February 28, 2013). Sensing the Past: Hollywood Stars and Historical Visions. Oxford University Press. p. 152.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Isle, Mick (October 1, 2004). Tom and Colin Hanks. Rosen Publishing. pp. 11, 39.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "From 'Big' To 'Brothers'". CBS News. Retrieved August 6, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Television listings. TV Guide. November 27, 2003. Retrieved January 20, 2009.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Riggs, Thomas (2002). Contemporary Theatre, Film, and Television. Gale Research. p. 117. ISBN 0-7876-5116-8.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Encyclopedia of American Cinema.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Hanks' big splash in Hollywood". BBC News. November 5, 2004. Retrieved July 31, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The 61st Academy Awards (1989) Nominees and Winners". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved July 10, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "'Sleepless In Seattle' Anniversary: Tom Hanks & Meg Ryan Classic Turns 20". The Huffington Post. June 25, 2013. Retrieved July 10, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ SCHICKEL, RICHARD (July 5, 1993). "Modern Romance". Time magazine. Retrieved July 9, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Nominees & Winners for the 66th Academy Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved July 10, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ Winner Speeches.
- ↑ "Forrest Gump". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 10, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Grimes, William (March 28, 1995). "'Forrest Gump' Triumphs With 6 Academy Awards". The New York Times. Archived from the original on July 9, 2012. Retrieved October 20, 2010.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Teachout, Terry. "The Eclipse of Spencer Tracy". commentarymagazine.com.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The 67th Academy Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved July 31, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Perry, Keith and Alice Vincent (November 11, 2014). "Toy Story 4: everything you need to know". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved December 26, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "That Thing You Do! (1996)". The New York Times. Retrieved July 31, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Movie Reviews - That Thing You Do!". The New York Times. Retrieved August 4, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Audible and Playtone Launch Creative Partnership". The Wall Street Journal. October 15, 2013. Retrieved July 31, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ "That Thing You Do! (1996)". rottentomatoes.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "From The Earth To The Moon". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Retrieved August 4, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "From the Earth to the Moon". tv.com. Retrieved July 9, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Making of Saving Private Ryan". Empire Magazine. October 1998. Retrieved June 10, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Saving Private Ryan (1998)". rottentomatoes. Retrieved July 10, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Nominees & Winners for the 71st Academy Awards". Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Retrieved July 10, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ The Green Mile at Rotten Tomatoes
- ↑ "Tom Hanks". Golden Globe Awards. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014. Retrieved August 6, 2014. Unknown parameter
|deadurl=ignored (help)<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The 73rd Academy Awards (2001) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved July 10, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ "Band of Brothers". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Retrieved August 4, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "America: A Tribute to Heroes". cbs.com. Retrieved July 10, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ "Nia Vardalos confirms 'bigger, fatter' Greek Wedding sequel to hit big screen". The Guardian. May 28, 2014. Retrieved August 4, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "'My Big Fat Greek Wedding' Sequel In The Works From Nia Vardalos". The Huffington Post. May 28, 2014. Retrieved August 4, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Hanks files big fat 'Greek' lawsuit"[dead link] – United Press International – (c/o NewsDaily.com) – August 8, 2007. Archived April 17, 2013 at the Wayback Machine[dead link]
- ↑ "Tom Hanks". Archive of UPS article at Archive.org. Archived from the original on February 8, 2008. Retrieved October 21, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ "Hanks sues over unpaid 'My big fat Greek wedding' profits", Irish Examiner, August 8, 2007.
- ↑ "AFI Salutes a Humble Tom Hanks With Life Achievement Award". Los Angeles Times. June 14, 2002. Retrieved July 31, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Levy, Rochelle L. "THE ACHIEVEMENT OF TOM HANKS". afi.com. Retrieved July 10, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Actor Hanks voted in by Academy", BBC, August 25, 2005.
- ↑ "The Da Vinci Code". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved July 10, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Hanks tops 'most trusted' index", BBC, September 27, 2006.
- ↑ "A real Movie challenge". BBC. November 9, 2006.
- ↑ Roddy, Melissa (December 21, 2007). "Tom Hanks Tells Hollywood Whopper in 'Charlie Wilson's War'". Alternet. Retrieved July 10, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Hollywood Foreign Press Association 2008 Golden Globe Awards for the Year Ended December 31, 2007". goldenglobes.org. December 13, 2007. Archived from the original on July 10, 2012. Retrieved July 10, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The Great Buck Howard". magpictures.com.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Mamma Mia! becomes biggest-ever hit at British box office". The Daily Telegraph. December 16, 2008. Retrieved July 31, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "John Adams". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Retrieved August 4, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Tyler, Joshua. "Tom Hanks Confirmed For Da Vinci Code Sequel", Cinema Blend, April 10, 2007.
- ↑ Fleming, Michael. "Howard moves fast with 'Code' sequel", Variety, October 24, 2007.
- ↑ "Where the Wild Things Are". Box Office Mojo. Accessed October 19, 2009.
- ↑ Tom Hanks on Toy Story 3 from firstshowing.net.
- ↑ "'Toy Story 3' Reaches $1 Billion". Box Office Mojo. August 29, 2010. Retrieved August 6, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Toy Story 3 highest-grossing animated film". The Daily Telegraph. August 14, 2010. Retrieved August 6, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Frozen becomes the biggest animation in box office history". BBC News. March 31, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The Pacific". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Retrieved August 4, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The first rule is no punching Tom Hanks". Chicago Tribune. June 26, 2011. Retrieved August 4, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Larry Crowne (2011)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved July 23, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Dargis, Manhola (December 22, 2011). "Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close (2011)". new york times. Retrieved July 10, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Online Blockbuster?: Tom Hanks' Electric City Debuts on Yahoo Today". Retrieved July 17, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Game Change". Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. Retrieved August 4, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Bafta Film Awards 2014: Full list of nominees". BBC News. January 8, 2014. Retrieved January 8, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Child, Ben (April 11, 2012). "Tom Hanks to play Walt Disney in Saving Mr Banks". The Guardian. Retrieved April 13, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Kit, Borys (March 15, 2011). "Tom Hanks to Play Capt. Richard Phillips in Somali Pirate Hostage Story". Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved April 13, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Williams, Mike. "Tom Hanks becomes first actor to play Walt Disney on the big screen". Yahoo UK. Yahoo Contributor Network. Retrieved October 21, 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ Carlson, Erin. "Tonys: Tom Hanks Gets Nomination for 'Lucky Guy'". Hollywood Reporter. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved April 30, 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Waldman, Katy. "Tom Hanks Has a Short Story in The New Yorker. It's Not Very Good". Slate. The Slate Group. Retrieved October 21, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Tom Hanks publishes short story in The New Yorker and gets panned". The Straits Times. Singapore Press Holdings. Retrieved October 21, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Shetty, Sharan. "Tom Hanks Lip-Syncs to Carly Rae Jepsen in the 'I Really Like You' Music Video". Slate. Retrieved March 7, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Leigh, Danny (January 12, 2001). "Desert island risks". The Guardian. UK. Retrieved October 9, 2010.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Tom Hnks Biography". Us Weekly. Retrieved November 28, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Suh, Jennifer (January 13, 2011). "Frat star to rap star: Chet Hanks". The Northwestern Daily. Retrieved June 25, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Truman Theodore Hanks, Born 12/26/1995 in California - CaliforniaBirthIndex.org".<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Tom Hanks reveals diabetes diagnosis: Did fluctuating weight play a role?". CBS News. October 8, 2013. Retrieved October 9, 2013.
Academy Award winning actor, Tom Hanks announced on Monday that he is living with Type 2 diabetes on CBS' The Late Show with David Letterman.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Fairchild, Mary. "Eastern Orthodox Church Denomination". About.com. Retrieved February 26, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Rita Wilson (November 17, 2011). "The Joys Of Greek Easter". Huffington Post. Retrieved April 4, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Tom Hanks endorses Obama for President, 3 May 2008
- ↑ "Hollywood Loves Hybrid Cars"[dead link], Washington Post
- ↑ "Bird-like electric car to make Palo Alto debut". Retrieved February 1, 2010
- ↑ "Tracking the Money: The Final Numbers", Los Angeles Times
- ↑ California propositions: Proposition 8, county-by-county map, margin of victory, Los Angeles Times
- ↑ Dolan, Maura (June 28, 2013). "Prop 8: Gay marriages can resume in California, court rules". Latimes.com. Retrieved December 3, 2013.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Tom Hanks Get Payback for Prop 8" from Lonsberry.com.
- ↑ "Tom Hanks Says Mormon Supporters of Proposition 8 'Un-American'", Fox News.
- ↑ "Tom Hanks Apologizes for Calling Mormon Supporters of Proposition 8 'Un-American'", Fox News
- ↑ Memoli, Michael (March 16, 2012). "Grassroots reactions to Obama's "The Road We've Traveled" Video". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 17, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ "National Space Society Board of Governors". Retrieved July 10, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The Narrator:Tom Hanks". imax.com.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>[dead link]
- ↑ "Rose Center for Earth and Space at the American Museum of Natural History". ny.com. museums.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Awards: Recipients". spacefoundation.org. Retrieved April 21, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Douglas S. Morrow Public Outreach Award". Space Foundation. Retrieved November 3, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Tom Hanks into Army's Ranger Hall of Fame". usatoday.com. June 29, 2006. Retrieved April 21, 2014.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Alexander, Bryan (January 10, 2011). "Steven Spielberg, Tom Hanks Pay Tribute to 'Band of Brothers' Inspiration". hollywoodreporter. Retrieved July 10, 2012.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "The Dave Clark Five". Captainerniesshowboat.com. Retrieved March 15, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Hanks, Tom. "I Am TOM. I Like to TYPE. Hear That?". Retrieved August 17, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Hawkes, Rebecca (March 24, 2015). "Tom Hanks: eight true stories about 'the nicest guy in Hollywood'". The Telegraph. Retrieved August 17, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Spangler, Todd (August 18, 2014). "Tom Hanks' Free iPad Typewriter App Climbs to No. 1 on Apple's App Store". Variety. Retrieved August 17, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Dockterman, Eliana (August 18, 2014). "Tom Hanks' Typewriter App Is No. 1 in the App Store". Time. Retrieved August 17, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "Tom Hanks to pen book of stories inspired by typewriter collection". BBC. November 4, 2014. Retrieved August 17, 2015.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ Vineyard, Jennifer, "Who Needs a Tony ...", New York, June 24-July 1, 2013, pp. 124–25
- ↑ "Tom Hanks profile at Box Office Mojo". Boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved March 15, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
- ↑ "12818 Tomhanks (1996 GU8)". NASA.gov. Retrieved August 3, 2011.<templatestyles src="Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css"></templatestyles>
Further reading
- Gardner, David, (1999), Tom Hanks: The Unauthorized Biography, London: England, ISBN 978-1-85782-327-1
- Gardner, David, (2007), Tom Hanks: Enigma, ISBN 978-1-84454-428-8
- Pfeiffer, Lee, (1996), The Films of Tom Hanks, Secaucus: New Jersey, ISBN 978-0-8065-1717-9
- Salamon, Julie, (1991), The Devil's Candy: The Bonfire of the Vanities Goes to Hollywood, Boston, ISBN 978-0-385-30824-3
- Trakin, Roy, (1995), Tom Hanks: Journey to Stardom, ISBN 978-0-312-95596-0
- Wallner, Rosemary, (1994), Tom Hanks: Academy Award-Winning Actor, Edina: Minnesota
External links
|Wikiquote has quotations related to: Tom Hanks
|Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tom Hanks.
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The Best IRA Strategy for Young Adults
It's never too early to start building a saving and investing mentality. Warren Buffet, for instance, bought his first stock when he was 11 years old. With the support of my father, I started investing my own funds and managing my custodial account independently at the age of 12.
But Buffett and I are exceptions. For most kids, once they begin considering options for further education (potentially leading to thousands of dollars of student loan debt) or commence a vigorous job search, there are surprisingly few resources geared toward supporting teens and young adults in their investing -- and retirement -- pursuits.
Investing strategies for retirement should not be put off until you are 25 or 30 years old or have full-time employment. IRAs are painless to open and require no minimum contributions. Even contributing $300 each year to an IRA now is far better than sitting on the sidelines until every factor is aligned perfectly. This article marks the beginning of a new series on Fool.com -- including a real-money personal IRA portfolio and ongoing insights into IRA investing -- for young investors focused on long-term results.
Why a Roth IRA makes sense
Among the plethora of choices with investing accounts, I personally prefer a Roth IRA for younger investors. Roths are pretty straightforward: You are taxed on the money you contribute to a Roth in the present day, but, so long as you follow the guidelines, down the road you are not taxed on funds you withdraw once you hit retirement age. For younger individuals, a Roth IRA is particularly beneficial if you invest in businesses that go on to crush the market's returns over the long run. Beating the market over a long period of time and having the option to withdraw those funds tax-free further down the road sounds like a good deal to me.
With this in mind, I am starting the Pencils IRA Project. Why this name, you ask? "Pencils" is the username my father chose when he first joined The Motley Fool in 2002, and I have stuck with that username more than a decade later. Given that my interest in investing stems from my father's inspiration, it is only fitting that I stick with his name for this project. To see how he helped me learn the importance of saving and investing at an early age, read my detailed account on The Motley Fool's discussion board.
The Pencils IRA Project is fairly simple. Each month, I will make a new investment within my Roth IRA. Ideally I will be able to contribute the maximum amount to the Roth ($5,500 this year), but the amount isn't relevant for this project. I will contribute a regular amount of money to the Roth, whether it is $100 or $450 a month, and each month I'll invest in a business that offers significant long-term potential to beat the market.
Criteria for Pencils IRA holdings
Here are the five necessities for the "megagrowers" to be added to this IRA portfolio:
Purpose-driven business. The company must be driven by a deeper purpose, e.g. Chipotle and Food With Integrity. If "financial profit" is the only reason a company exists, then it's time to move on.
Innovative products and services. This goes hand-in-hand with a purpose-driven business. Businesses like Netflix, Chipotle, and Facebook are continually reshaping their respective fields. We want businesses with innovation in their DNA. Further, these should be products and services that are understandable and relevant to us in our daily lives; we're not looking for a hidden Chinese microcap.
Visionary, experienced, involved leadership. We want leaders who think beyond the next quarter and the short-term performance of the company's stock, focusing instead on the long-term potential of a business. We want leaders capable of admitting when an error was made and redirecting course before further damage is done (e.g., Netflix's Reed Hastings and Qwikster). We want business leaders who are personally invested in a business financially, ensuring that their interests are aligned with those of fellow long-term stakeholders. We want leaders who either founded the business or have worked within the business for an extended period of time while demonstrating their commitment to maintaining an innovative and adaptive company environment.
Consistently increasing cash-flow production. The company must have a demonstrated record of consistent and increasing cash-flow generation, preferably with positive free cash flow as well. This ensures that a company's prospects are backed by consistent and sustainable improvement in its financial position.
Strong company culture. Each business must have a minimum rating from employees of 3.5/5 on workplace review website Glassdoor.com. The CEO "approval rating" on Glassdoor must meet or exceed 70%. I'm interested in investing in visionary leaders who are also effective in inspiring others in the business to perform at their highest potential.
These five points, while seemingly simple, actually weed out quite a few subpar businesses.
Foolish next steps
This experiment will help us build a disciplined, long-term-focused IRA portfolio that can easily be tracked and modeled by other young investors. This is a small step to fill what seems to me a glaring void in investing education and services.
Each month I aim to invest in a business that demonstrates the five attributes mentioned above. After each investment I will provide a write-up detailing how the company meets these criteria. This provides for a simple and trackable long-term IRA portfolio of promising businesses.
The IRS will weep over our non-taxable gains in the coming decades. Here's to Foolish investing for people of all ages!
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The article The Best IRA Strategy for Young Adults originally appeared on Fool.com.
You can follow Foolish contributor David Kretzmann on his Foolish discussion board, Pencils Palace, on CAPS, or on Twitter @David_Kretzmann. Try any of our Foolish newsletter services free for 30 days. We Fools may not all hold the same opinions, but we all believe that considering a diverse range of insights makes us better investors. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.
Copyright © 1995 - 2014 The Motley Fool, LLC. All rights reserved. The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy.


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The U.S. Department of Justice recently made an important step in fixing our justice system's approach toward same-sex domestic violence. The DOJ clarified [pdf] that the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) is intended to protect individuals in gay and lesbian relationships as well as those in heterosexual ones.
VAWA, which was sponsored by then-U.S. Senator Joe Biden in 1994, has been crucial in establishing violence-prevention and victim-services programs like the STOP grants and Engaging Men and Youth Program, which function to protect victims of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault and stalking. The language used in VAWA is ostensibly gender-neutral–it refers not only to "spouses" (which legally means opposite-sex partners because same-sex marriage is unrecognized federally) but also to "intimate partners" and "dating partners," which means "a person who is or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the abuser." But, as authors of a recent violence against women study report, the justice system has not sufficiently recognized or responded to violence that occurs in LGBT relationships:
Existing biases against gay and lesbian lifestyles and the dominance of heterosexual attitudes within the police department and the courtroom have not created the same atmosphere of legal support and resolution that is offered to heterosexual victims of violence. To date, research has provided a discouraging account of the police response to same-sex domestic violence. This research has noted that police have minimized the potential seriousness of the incident, failed to arrest the perpetrators or even intervene and ignored standard domestic violence procedures concerning the identification and arrest of the 'primary aggressor' regardless of physicality.
Members of the LGBT community who are victims of abuse have long faced obstacles in accessing shelter, legal protections and community support, largely because many police officers and counselors are not equipped to meet the unique needs of gay, lesbian and transgender victims.
Writes Rutgers University public administration professor Evan Stark:
When sociologist Claire Renzetti did her path-breaking research on same-sex violence in 1995, fewer than 1 in 10 (9.3 percent) of domestic violence agencies offered services targeted to battered lesbians and the rest had no plans to do so. Because relatively few lesbian victims have been identified at traditional service sites, we have little or no solid point-of-service information on their utilization patterns, though underutilization is a certainty.
Same-sex Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) goes underreported in part because officials lack the language for classifying same-sex couples, as domestic violence expert Ola Barnett, distinguished emerita professor of psychology at Pepperdine University in Malibu, observes in Family Violence Across the Lifespan:
Official reports of same-sex IPV are generally lacking because police and the FBI do not have categories suitable for classifying same-sex IPV. Instead, they place these offenders and victims into categories such as 'friend' or 'acquaintance'. Laws against IPV in some states do not even apply to gays and lesbians because gays and lesbians cannot be legally classified as intimate partners.
The seven-page DOJ memorandum alone won't erase the homophobia and ignorance that many abuse survivors in homosexual relationships face, but it's a step in the right direction. Although the lion's share of domestic violence victims are women and children–83 percent of spousal murders are committed by men and 84 percent of stalkers are men, according to an American Bar Association report–violence does happen in lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender relationships. Those victims deserve access to the same legal and social protections afforded to those in heterosexual relationships.
ABOVE: Photo from sun dazed. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported


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If you are the parent of a middle or high school student, chances are your child is either engaged in, or witness to, online behavior that you would find distressing, if not shocking.
But for many teens, this behavior has become just another challenge of adolescence, and another aspect of their lives that parents either don't know about or feel ill-equipped in how to respond.
The existence of a generational divide between what adults and teens believe is acceptable communication on social media today is one of the findings of an in-depth look at how teens treat each other published last week by the Weekly.
The package of stories reveals the unprecedented struggles facing today's teens as they find their way in the unsupervised world of social media. Teens related stories about the silent suffering many endure when peers they consider friends anonymously post crude, sexually explicit and often completely false comments designed to hurt their feelings and gain social advantage at their expense.
For some, especially those at the top of the social order, it is just another tricky social challenge to navigate. But for those who are more vulnerable, being the subject of online bullying, teasing or gossip can be devastating and lead to depression, alienation and suicide ideation.
It is an environment significantly different and more mean-spirited than faced by teens just a few years ago, and is alarming educators, psychologists and law enforcement as well as parents.
In affluent, highly educated communities like Palo Alto, the dangers may be greater because many teens are very skilled at being polite and engaging with adults when they need to, yet behave very differently on social media when dealing with their classmates away from adult eyes.
As one Paly senior said, "Teens know how to put their best foot forward in front of an adult, especially at school."
That skill, which leads many parents and teachers to a false sense of trust about their teen's behavior, leaves many teens free to let loose, especially in tech-savvy Palo Alto, where kids at an ever younger age are way ahead of their parents' knowledge and understanding of online social media platforms. Often that includes making anonymous online postings, or posts to Facebook pages that carefully avoid identities but that convey a derogatory message or threat to those who recognize they are the intended audience.
When shown some examples of online postings by Paly students, former principal Phil Winston said "Not one of these young people would say anything like that in person. There's such power in not being able to see the person you are hurting."
Jim Steyer, founder of Common Sense Media and Children Now, wrote "We're witnessing the rise of new forms of damaging, destructive interpersonal behavior, like cyberbullying, that are facilitated by digital platforms. It's a lot easier to say or do something truly hurtful to someone else, without considering the consequences, when it requires only a few keystrokes on a computer or cell phone."
Gunn High School Assistant Principal Trinity Klein observed that social media has changed the way students relate to one another. One teen girl told the Weekly she intentionally avoided developing close relationships out of fear that a friend might turn on her and reveal personal information on social media.
Exacerbating the problem is that the social norm for kids who are the victims of online teasing or gossip is not to tell anyone, especially parents, act unaffected and just hope it will pass quickly. Some teens are more resilient than others, and those who are not often have nowhere to turn for support and comfort, leading to isolation and depression.
As the Weekly's stories show, parents, kids and school officials are all struggling to sort out this new environment. With the teens themselves saying that anti-bullying and cyber-education programs are ineffective and not taken seriously, experts believe the focus needs to be on reaching kids when they are younger, before age 12, when they are typically opening Facebook accounts and beginning to use social media. The opportunity to influence social norms of teens closes, they say, during middle school, making the late elementary school years the prime time for parents and teachers to explore these issues with their children.
Lots of efforts are underway in the schools, beginning in second grade, and a small Palo Alto start-up, My Digital Tat2, is currently working with Palo Alto fifth graders and parents on raising awareness about kindness and respect online.
As with so many other things teens are drawn toward that involve potential harm, parents need to walk a fine line between rule-making and understanding the allure. As some of the teens themselves acknowledged, they know when they are crossing the line with their online behavior. The challenge is to make it socially more powerful to stand up and object to such behavior than to engage in it.
Editor's Note: You can access the Weekly's August 16 cover package on social media, entitled "Power to Hurt: How Social Media Impacts Our Kids" here.


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Create a Website Account - Manage notification subscriptions, save form progress and more.
Biodiesel is a domestically produced, renewable fuel that can be manufactured from feedstocks including vegetable oils, animal fats, or recycled restaurant greases. More than half of the biodiesel industry can use any fat or oil feedstock, including recycled cooking grease. The other half of the industry is limited to vegetable oils; soy oil is the most common source in the United States today.
Before using biodiesel, check your engine warranty to ensure that higher-level blends will not void or affect it. All manufacturers accept the use of B5 and many accept the use of B20.
Energy security: Biodiesel is a domestically produced, renewable substitute for petroleum diesel.
Emissions reduction: Using biodiesel reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions because carbon dioxide released from biodiesel combustion is offset by the carbon dioxide absorbed while growing the soybeans or other feedstock. Using B20 reduces carbon dioxide emissions by 15%.
Convenience: Diesel-powered vehicles require no modification at all to run on 20% biodiesel mixed with regular diesel (known as B20). B20 can be stored and dispensed in exactly the same manner as petroleum diesel fuel.
Safety: Biodiesel is non-toxic. It causes less damage than petroleum diesel if spilled or released to the environment. It is safer than petroleum diesel because it is less combustible.
For more information: Alternative Fuels Data Center


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WEDNESDAY, Aug. 27, 2014 (HealthDay News) -- There's been controversy for years over whether the use of common antidepressants by women during their pregnancies might raise the odds of mental health issues in their children.
Now, a study involving more than 13,000 children finds no rise in the risk of autism in children whose mothers used an antidepressant while pregnant, but some data suggesting a heightened risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in these youngsters.
The findings challenge prior research pointing to a link between exposure to antidepressants in the womb and a greater risk of autism. Instead, severe maternal depression may be the risk factor boosting a child's odds for autism -- not any antidepressant a woman took during her pregnancy, the new study's authors said.
"We know that untreated depression can pose serious health risks to both a mother and child, so it's important that women being treated with antidepressants who become pregnant, or who are thinking about becoming pregnant, know that these medications will not increase their child's risk of autism," study senior author Dr. Roy Perlis, of the department of psychiatry at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston, said in a hospital news release.
In the new study, Perlis and colleagues analyzed data from thousands of children with either an autism spectrum disorder or ADHD and thousands more children without either disorder. In total, they looked at the antidepressant use of mothers of 1,400 children diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder and 4,000 kids without the condition. The team did the same for 2,250 youngsters with ADHD and 5,600 without.
Initial results suggested that taking antidepressants during pregnancy did increase the risk of both autism and ADHD in children. However, after the researchers adjusted the data for the severity of the mothers' depression, the link between antidepressants and autism became insignificant.
However, even after adjusting for depression severity among mothers, the link between antidepressants and ADHD risk was still there, the study authors said. But because the study simply looked at past data, it could only point to an association, it could not prove cause and effect.
One psychiatrist believes the findings highlight the importance of treating women with depression, even during their pregnancy.
"Up to one in five pregnant women suffer from depression, and the risks to them include prematurity, low birth weight, pre-eclampsia, postpartum depression and suicidality," said Dr. Deepan Singh, a child, adolescent and adult psychiatrist at Winthrop-University Hospital in Mineola, N.Y.
"Left untreated, these women are more likely to have relapses of depression as well as engage in high-risk behaviors such as substance abuse," he added.
The new study "gives hope and confidence to the multitudes of suffering women who have feared the possibility of autism developing due to prenatal exposure to antidepressants," Singh said. "In fact, the article demonstrates that treatment might lower this risk."
While decisions around how to treat depression are best left to a discussion between a woman and her physician, Singh believes that, overall, "the risks of untreated depression outweigh the possibility of harm from treatment."
Dr. Andrew Adesman is chief of developmental and behavioral pediatrics at Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York, in New Hyde Park, N.Y. He also called the study "reassuring" for women worried about the potential for autism in their children. And Adesman said that the finding on ADHD risk "needs to be studied further to be sure that it is not a research artifact caused by some confounding variable."
As for study author Perlis, he reminded women that "there are a range of options -- medication and non-medication -- for treating depression and anxiety in pregnancy. But if antidepressants are needed, I hope parents can feel reassured about their safety."
More information
There's more on autism spectrum disorder at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
This article: Copyright © 2014 HealthDay. All rights reserved.