text:
March 10, 2009— -- President Obama acknowledged today that he signed an "imperfect omnibus bill" but told Congress to clean up its act when it comes to pork-barrel projects that are inserted into spending bills without going through the traditional appropriations process, better known as earmarks.
The president signed the $410 billion spending bill, which contains roughly 9,000 earmarks totaling nearly $8 billion, behind closed doors and away from the glare of the cameras. But before he did, he came before myriad cameras to insist he viewed the bill "as a departure point for more far-reaching change."
"I am signing an imperfect omnibus bill because it is necessary for the ongoing functions of government. But I also view this as a departure point for more far-reaching change," President Obama said in a speech on earmark reform.
President Obama added: "Now, let me be clear: Done right, earmarks give legislators the opportunity to direct federal money to worthy projects that benefit people in their district, and that's why I have opposed their outright elimination. I also find it ironic that some of those who railed the loudest against this bill because of earmarks actually inserted earmarks of their own -- and will tout them in their own states and districts.
"But the fact is that on occasion, earmarks have been used as a vehicle for waste, fraud and abuse. Projects have been inserted at the 11th hour, without review, and sometimes without merit, in order to satisfy the political or personal agendas of a given legislator, rather than the public interest," the president added.
Obama said lawmakers should post earmark requests on their Web sites and open them to public scrutiny at hearings; and subject earmarks for for-profit private companies to a competitive bidding process, just like other federal contracts. He pledged to work with congressional leaders to remove future earmarks that don't serve any legitimate public purpose.
Obama Backtracking on Promises?
One year ago this week, then-Sen. Obama swooped in off the campaign trail -- along with then-Sen. Hillary Clinton, D-N.Y., and Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz. -- to vote for a bill that would have banned earmarks for 2009.
"We can no longer accept an earmarks process that has become so complicated to navigate that a municipality or nonprofit group has to hire high-priced D.C. lobbyists to do it," the then-junior senator said of the amendment that overwhelmingly failed.
The president criticized earmarks during his campaign and vowed to reduce them.
"I've pledged to slash earmarks by more than half when I am president of the United States," he said in Green Bay, Wis., last September.
Today, the White House defended the president's record on earmarks.
"As the president said today, it was time to take change one step further," spokesman Robert Gibbs said. "And I think the president was clear that, if there are earmarks that get through the process that he thinks are unnecessary, he will work on a vehicle to remove those from our spending priorities."
When asked Tuesday if the president had considered any of the earmarks in the bill wasteful, Gibbs said: "I think it's reasonable to assume that the president has not gone through each and every item in the legislation," an answer that might leave voters perplexed since less than six months ago as a presidential candidate, Obama pledged to comb through the entire budget.
"I will go through the entire federal budget, page by page, line by line, and eliminate programs that don't work and aren't needed," Obama said in Arlington, Va., in October.
Gibbs said earlier this week that the president will draw some clear lines in terms of earmark reforms "soon." Meanwhile, Obama's calls to Congress for more accountability are being met with skepticism by some.
"The reforms he proposed are already either there or meaningless," Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz, told ABC News. "Look, you've got to veto these bills to stop this practice."
Obama's former rival has blasted the president before for conducting "business as usual."
But Republicans' arguments against the earmarks in the bill were undercut by the fact that more than 40 percent of the earmarks were associated with GOP lawmakers, including Senate Republican Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., associated with more than $75 million in earmarks in the spending bill, including a nearly $1 million bike path.
The number one Senate earmarker, according to Taxpayers for Common Sense, is Sen. Thad Cochran, R-Miss., associated with more than $473 million in earmarks.
The administration says it will hold a summit Thursday on being responsible with taxpayer dollars.


text:
A High Degree Of Craziness
OK, so I was looking at mannequins and window displays at the air-conditioned Florida Mall. Outside it was 90 degrees, steamy and green. If you're a Northern transplant and nostalgic for a four-season climate, you take your seasonal change in Orlando wherever you can find it—even faux fall at the mall.
Native Floridians turn purple as bougainvilleas in December if you suggest their state does not experience four distinct and separate seasons. This chorus of outrage included my wife, Candy—born near Sebring and raised on Amelia Island—until we moved to my native Indiana and she was buried under the blizzard of '78, giving her a fresh perspective on what Floridians laughably call "winter."
Here's the reality, native friends: It's not a four-season climate if you can wear sandals and shorts year-round. There's no winter if outdoor public pools are open in February (for swimming, not ice skating). Yes, we have a few days in late December and early January in Orlando when it gets "cold"—meaning a high of 50—and we have to cover the plants at night.
But the average high temperature here in January is 71—shorts weather in Indianapolis, where the average high at that time is 34. Breaking news, locals: That's why Hoosiers and Iowans and Minnesotans come here in January—to wear shorts and bathing suits.
Orlando has two distinct and separate seasons: Mowing and not-mowing. Mowing season—cutting the grass once or twice a week, plus edging—is April through October. Not-mowing season—mowing once every 4-6 weeks—is November through March. This leaves time for smelling the roses and tending the vegetable garden.
A few days after the official start of fall this year we visited a nursery in search of pretty flowers for the front yard and red lettuce for the garden in back. I mentioned the arrival of fall, and the cashier—a teenage girl—wrinkled her nose.
"It felt like this was the first day of fall because it was so cool," she said. "I'm a summer girl. I hate fall and winter. There's nothing to do but sit inside, drink eggnog and get fat."
The "so cool" temperature at that moment was 82. There's a word for that most other places: summer. Yet she spoke as if all roads in the county had been closed by 10-foot snowdrifts.
But you really can't blame natives for being in climate denial. Just like TV schedules are based on Eastern Time, our entire retail and entertainment culture is rooted in four seasons. This is why Florida viewers have to sit through months of commercials for snow tires, cold remedies, Snuggies and, of course, Florida getaways.
I'm sympathetic to natives because I've been confused since arriving in 1973. I moved from Indiana in March, with dirty snow piled high on the side of the road, to Boca Raton, where sunshine and balmy breezes put me in a stupor. After a year or two, I noticed I could no longer remember when anything in my life had happened. Was it six weeks ago? Five months? A year? No clue.
After a while I figured it out: When you grow up in a four-season climate, your memories are organized by season. I broke my leg last winter. It was spring when we visited Aunt Matilda. And so on. Without seasons, I had no reference points, the days and months ran together, and I began to drift.
I'm OK with it now. I've bought into climate denial and the whole charade of four seasons in Orlando. So has my son, Chris, whose front door in South Orlando is decorated with a lovely fall wreath, a gift from his girlfriend Jen in Melbourne. It was 92 degrees the day he put it up.
The Florida Mall on the first day of fall was surreal: shoppers in shorts and flip-flops strolling by mannequins in cardigan sweaters, heavy coats with fur-lined hoods, quilted vests with names like North Face and Polartec. Really? Does it ever get cold enough in Orlando for this?
Actually, yes. I was reminded when we saw a wonderful play at Mad Cow Theatre. Unfortunately, the Mad Cow was like a meat locker, like every theater and movie house in town, where it's always winter. I huddled close to Candy for warmth and wished I had picked up a fleece-lined jacket at the mall.

subset: commoncrawl


text:
My Account
Community Forum
Contact Us
2 items
PRO CNC Machine Kits
PRO CNC Accessories
PRO Rack and Pinion Parts
PRO Ballscrew Components
Standard CNC
Standard CNC Machine Kits
Standard CNC Accessories
Standard Rack and Pinion Parts
Standard Linear Motion
Acme Drive Parts
Standard Plates and Risers
Benchtop CNC
Benchtop CNC Machine Kits
Benchtop CNC Accessories
Plasma CNC
PRO CNC Plasma
NEMA 23 CNC Electronics
NEMA 34 CNC Electronics
Proximity Sensors
CNC Spindle / VFD
Avid CNC Rotary Axis
Router and Spindle Mounts
CNC Router Bits
Other Tooling / Accessories
Other Products
CNC Kits and Parts Bundles
Fasteners and Brackets
Scratch & Dent
V-Con Linear Motion Parts
Media & Info
Build Logs
Design and Make Project Series
Tell A Friend
Tell someone you know about this product.
Standard CNC
Standard Rack and Pinion Parts
Rack Clamps - CRP202-00C
Rack Clamps
Click to enlarge
The perfect companion to our
Rack and Pinion Drive System
, these clamps ride in the t-slot of imperial 15 series or metric 40 mm series extrusion and allow you to clamp your rack in place, no machining required!
We recommend clamping the rack every 16" to 20" and at either end of your rack. Our latest clamps feature optional locator pins that slide in the t-slot, making setup and alignment of the rack a snap.
These components are also very helpful for accurately joining two pieces of rack together for longer travels. In this case, you will need to insure the rack ends continue the rack pitch smoothly. This is best accomplished with a metal file and another piece of rack meshed with the adjoining pieces to set the pitch.
Each rack clamp now comes with our drop-in t-stud hardware to make a strong, easy to install connection to the extrusion.
Mounting your rack to something other than extrusion, such as tube steel or wood? Just select the option below to leave out the locator pins and t-studs.
PDF File
DXF File
IGES File
IGES File with Locator Pins
STEP File
STEP File with Locator Pins
Configuration and Options:
Without Locators and Fasteners (-$0.75)
This product was added to our catalog on October 11, 2009.
Customers who bought this product also purchased
Multi-Purpose Lithium Grease, 3 oz Cartridge
Mini Grease Gun
8.7 HP Spindle Tramming Mount
Pepperl + Fuchs Proximity Sensor (NBN8-12GM50-E0-V1)
M6 Flush Mount Grease Fitting
CNC Aluminum Cutting End Mill Set
Advanced Search
Create an Account
Log In
Copyright © 2023
Avid CNC
Privacy Notice
banner photo by Cory Kersey


text:
Confessions of a Mad Chairwoman
When your husband tells you, "Give the valet parking guy a few extra dollars and have him unzip your dress," you know it's going to be a night to remember—but maybe I should start at the beginning.
June 10, 2005. Dona Morgan, Selby Gardens COO, calls and asks me to chair the 25th anniversary Orchid Ball. I tell her I need to look at my schedule for the upcoming year. But I know I'm going to say yes. I love, love, love to do anniversary years—whether it's agreeing to be president of a board or chairing an event, I can't resist the glamour of an anniversary. It's always bigger, better and more fun than the rest. It's a great opportunity to gather the "old gals" together and show appreciation for all the hard work they've done in the past, along with reminding them to remember their affection for the organization by putting it in their estate plans. Plans for a luncheon for past Orchid Ball chairs are already spinning in my head.
For the New College Library Association, I've chaired anniversary events for Mistletoe Ball and Pique-nique sur la Baie; and I chaired the Town Hall anniversary for Ringling School of Art and Design Library Association. I was president of Junior League of Sarasota and Ringling School Library Association on big anniversary years. And that's not even talking about the huge 50th anniversary of the Selby Foundation I coordinated last year. I like to think of myself as the anniversary queen!
But back to the most important thing of all when planning for what is frequently called the most beautiful party in Sarasota: What will I wear? Dress designing goes into overdrive.
June 29. I have my first meeting with Dona and Emily Chalker Lane, Selby's membership person. We don't know each other well and start the delicate dance between chair and staff. I tell them my vision of the event; they tell me theirs. Luckily, nothing is revealed that won't fit into each other's vision.
Dona tells me her one non-negotiable—she wants chandeliers in the tent. OK by me. I tell them my one non-negotiable—Phil Mancini. I don't do an event without the Michael's On East catering staff. I want to work with a staff who, when I walk in, immediately brings me a diet Coke with no ice without my asking. On top of that, Michael's On East has the best food in town.
Dona wants to put the catering out to bid. I say fine. Get all the bids you want, just as long as Michael's ends up the caterer.
Silent auctions—I hate them. They sometimes bring in lots of money, but not nearly enough for all the work involved. We decide to do away with the traditional silent auction and concentrate on what Selby does best—orchids. Those glorious blooming plants in an assortment of beguiling colors will be the only silent-auction items.
For the six years I've been on the Orchid Ball committee, each event has had a "location" theme inspired by some orchid-growing place. "Passage to India" was the theme for 2005. I want something new. When I chair things, I try to do something that's meaningful to the organization and meaningful to me.
Last year, I was wholly immersed in the Selby Foundation's 50th anniversary, and by now I know more about Marie Selby than probably anyone else in the world, with the exception of Debra Jacobs, head of the foundation. Marie was one fascinating woman. So I start thinking about the history of Selby Gardens with Marie as the centerpiece. Not literally, of course. I certainly am not planning on a bust of Marie as a table centerpiece…but come to think of it, maybe that's not such a bad idea!
July 19. Send out letters asking former Orchid Ball chairs and committee members to join the committee, a stellar list of old Sarasota, along with new people to give it lots of energy. Get tons of yes replies—great opportunity to spread the work around. (I only wish that had turned out to be true—as it happened, about 10 percent of the committee did 90 percent of the work, along with a yeoman's effort from Selby Gardens' staff.)
I remember the old days when committee meetings were almost little parties in themselves and everyone looked forward to a morning or afternoon out. Not so anymore. Even in just the last three or four years, things have changed. People usually turn out pretty well for the first meeting or two, especially if there is some kind of food involved, and of course, most show up for the committee photo, but then they drop off dramatically. Who can blame them? When we have hundreds of charitable boards and committees in this town, not to mention ever-expanding work and personal obligations, it's hard to stay on top of everything.
Aug. 22. Meet with the printer to design the look of the ball, starting with the invitation. Since this is the 25th anniversary, I want to concentrate on the history of Bill and Marie Selby and reflect what the ball might have been like if they had hosted it.
Even though Marie was not at all about being fancy, she was a woman of her class and quite refined. She liked to wear housedresses and tennis shoes downtown and was known to be an excellent car mechanic, but she was also an accomplished pianist and artist. She was a friend of Bertha Palmer and Mable Ringling, so she could have put together a glamorous party if she put her mind to it.
Sept. 15. First committee meeting. I share with the committee what is already in place, including the colors—black, white and turquoise with splashes of lime. They're secretly based on what colors will look best on the chairwoman, since I always like to match my dress to the theme.
Trying to think of the actual title of the ball has been agony, and I end up with "Age of Elegance." It's meant to reflect the time in Hollywood when movies had a Great Gatsby look and feel. That's what I hope we can create. Sara Bagley suggests top hats, long white gloves, strings of pearls and a huge martini glass with orchids for the centerpieces—perfection!
Looking around the room, I'm excited about the great age mix and the number of both old and new committee members. It's decided to start the ball with cocktails at the mansion. The committee brainstorms great ideas, such as having antique cars and silver candelabras along the promenade. We start praying right then and there for no rain the night of the ball.
Oct. 6. Drive to Orlando to select fabric for my gown. I have all my ball gowns custom made. I make a yearly trek to a little hole-in-the-wall store in Orlando that has the most exquisite fabrics. The trip up I-4 is a pain, but not only do I end up with one-of-a-kind gowns (no easy feat in this town), but I also get to meet up with old friend and now Orlando-ite Betty Sandhagen, wife of former local SunTrust president Ray Sandhagen. By the time she arrives at the fabric store for our gossipy, fun lunch, it's pouring rain and reminds us both of the year she and Margarete van Antwerpen chaired the Mud Ball—I mean the Orchid Ball—and we were all up to our knees in slimy, gooey muck.
Back at the store, I have to choose among the multitudes of shimmering silk taffetas and intricate laces. I spot the perfect one—a turquoise-teal taffeta and a lace that dances with sparkling turquoise, lime and lavender iridescent beads. I'm trying out a new pattern for this special dress, which I think will be perfect. I find most of my patterns in the wedding-gown section of the Vogue pattern book and just have my seamstress take off trains and extraneous bows and doodads.
Nov. 10. "Save the Date" cards go out. They don't really reflect what the final invitation will look like, which to me is a cardinal sin. Well, one side does, the other does not. One side is perfect (the side I designed!), looking like a note from Marie Selby. It's crisp and clean and even has her actual monogram—a replica of a design used above the shower in the Selby house.
The other side is a line drawing of a woman holding an orchid. I'm not particularly fond of the drawing, but Dona loves it. I originally liked the concept of the design, but the execution didn't capture what I had imagined. The card is a compromise, though a bit schizophrenic. The line drawing will go on the sponsor packet and on the sign listing the sponsors the night of the ball, and my side will be used on the actual invitation and program.
December. Holidays are in full swing and no thoughts about Orchid Ball for a few weeks, thank goodness.
Jan. 16. It is the day that will live in infamy. The patron letter, which asks people to become patrons of the event, arrives in my mailbox. I actually feel faint when I see it. It contains a multitude of mistakes, has a P.S. tacked on the bottom, and even misspells my own name. I want to die.
Several days earlier, at our committee meeting, the staff had been chastised for not being on top of this, so it was hurriedly done and sent out the next day. They faxed me a copy of the letter the morning they had written it. I was walking out the door for a day of meetings when it arrived, so I gave it a cursory glance instead of my usual thorough going-over. I was just happy it was finally being sent out. No. 1 lesson learned: Never, ever do things in a hurry, no matter what. You will always regret it. Holding it back one more day wouldn't have hurt anything.
Jan. 17. After hours of lying in bed obsessing about the letter, I get up in the middle of the night and write the staff what my old Southern friend would call a "come-to-Jesus" e-mail. It is not pretty. I take partial blame but find there's plenty of blame to spread around, and spread it I do. The patron letter is the final straw in several challenges I've had with the staff, and it all comes tumbling out.
As any chair can tell you, it's hard not to overstep your bounds when you're a volunteer, and I was trying—probably too hard—to be nice, because there had been so much staff turnover and a big learning curve. There were some fund-raising basics I assumed the newer staff members knew, which they did not. I also try not to be a control freak and to give people enough latitude to do their job, but when I've had enough, I have really had enough.
The end result is positive—much better understanding and communication between the staff and me. Roger Birkel, Selby Gardens CEO, is instrumental in negotiating a peace agreement, after which things improve greatly. My one demand is that we redo the letter correctly—I will write it myself—and mail it again, which we do.
Jan. 30. The past-chair luncheon—great turnout and great opportunity to hear the oral history of the ball. I always enjoy hearing about the days when committees got together and actually hand-made all the decorations and centerpieces. Now that an entire industry has grown up around event planning in Sarasota, it's hard to imagine that women used to do it all themselves. The whole set-up of the evening was a little different then, too. You went to your table hostess's home for cocktails and all arrived at the ball together. Think what we could save on our event budget if we could cut out cocktail costs!
Feb. 16. Invitations are mailed. Seeing the completed invitation was a little heart stopping, as it was never given to me or anyone else on the committee or at the gardens for a final proofing. It ends up looking great, but I later find out that one of the past chairs, Laura Peters, was left off the past-chair listing, for which I feel terrible. (Does naming her in this article make up for it? I hope so!)
In the old days, invitation addressing was loads of fun and a great learning experience. Everyone gathered at someone's home. The people with the best handwriting did the actual addressing and the others sealed and stamped, while gossip and fact were passed back and forth about many of the names on the envelopes. If you were new to the community, you learned more in that one day than in a normal year's entire experience!
Now it's all so mechanical, with labels and such, but it still can be fun if you put your mind to it. At least doing it in Selby's Activity Center affords us the opportunity of enjoying the radiant bay view all day.
March 24. The ball is just nine days away. We do a dry run of putting the centerpieces together. The original concept was to have a huge martini glass overflowing with orchids. It doesn't work at all. Someone suggests we rim the glass with orchid corsages. That idea is quickly discarded as we realize we won't be able to obtain sufficient numbers of the appropriate orchid for corsages. Plan C? Call Beneva Flowers for a quick meeting. They come through with an exceptional, visually stunning idea.
March 26. The Sunday morning before the Saturday-night ball. My husband, Jan, receives a call from his brother. Their mother, who has been ill for some time, has gotten worse. I silently hope she can hang on for another week, since she's in Michigan and we're here. Sadly, she passes away by 3 p.m. that day, and we make plans to head up North. It's not the most opportune time for me to leave, but I have no choice.
March 31. Flew to Michigan on the 29th and have spent two days with my four sisters-in-law preparing food for the funeral luncheon: hams, turkeys, potato salad, baked beans, Jell-O salads, pies and cakes. No Michael's On East catering here, but in the lovely tradition of the rural Midwest, casseroles galore have been coming to the farm for our meals.
It is a strange dichotomy—a funeral in a small town and a charity ball in a sophisticated city. My mind has been spinning in both directions, along with trying to keep my husband and daughters comforted and on an even keel. Whenever I have a spare moment, I call home to get phone messages and check my e-mail to deal with any building crises.
I feel guilty to have the Orchid Ball on my mind during this family time, but if I weren't keeping tabs on what was going on in Sarasota, I would feel guilty about that, too. By the time I get back on the plane tonight, I'm glad to have this distressing week almost behind me.
April 1. The day of the ball. Bright and early in the morning I go to the gardens to set up. I see tons of black chair cushions hanging from makeshift clotheslines. Lawn sprinklers were not turned off, and everything got drenched. Luckily we have a sunny and breezy, perfect-for-drying day, and everything is shipshape in a few hours.
A large group of volunteers and staff buzzes around the tent, attending to each facet of the decorations plan. Thank goodness they all showed up! The gardens are alive with activity. Visitors to the gardens stop to inspect what we're doing, and more than one woman voices to her husband, "I wish we were attending tonight."
The tent could not look more beautiful. It has a clear ceiling, which will show off the shadows of the huge tree branches that hang over the tent. The three regal chandeliers will look like they're suspended from the stars. The black-and-white checkerboard dance floor is being noisily installed. Steve Patmagrian of New Atmosphere Productions is pin-spotting the centerpieces and installing his pièce de résistance, an arch over the entryway of the tent. It has the Selby monogram carved into it, the same one from the invitation and the program. It's the details that count.
Phil Mancini comes to check on the tables, chairs and tent—all the nuts and bolts. His crew is in place and running on schedule.
Beneva Flowers' trucks start to arrive. Delicate lime-green orchids explode from the toppers as they're gently carried one by one to the tall glass pedestals in the center of each brilliant turquoise tablecloth. It looks lush beyond words. The black top hats, strands of white pearls and long white gloves are languidly arranged around the pedestals, making a tablescape that is at once fun and elegant. I am starting to get very excited. I love it when a plan comes together!
When I turn around to give the scene the final once-over before leaving to have my hair done, it almost takes my breath away. And it's still daylight! At night it will be magical.
Driving home after the set-up, I call my husband, who's still in Michigan. I realize I won't be able to zip or unzip my gown for the evening. I know I can probably have a neighbor zip me up, but who can I ask at midnight to unzip my dress, so I won't have to sleep in it?
"Give the valet parking guy a few extra dollars and have him unzip your dress," he says. I can just hear the valet guys standing around telling their most outrageous stories with me as a central figure in them, so I tell him he's insane and try to think of other options.
After phoning neighbors I barely know to see if they'll be home this evening to zip me up, I find one who's available. She kindly arrives at the appointed time, and I innocently ask what time she goes to bed. Fortunately for me, tonight it's after midnight, since she's calling bingo down at the Legion Hall. I ask if I can stop by on my way home so she can unzip me. She graciously says yes, thus saving my reputation and my pride.
After almost a year of hard work, the ball is fabulous. The weather is perfection, and the setting glorious. The soft light of dusk filters through the huge oak in front of the mansion, where Roger, Dona and I form the receiving line (a must in my book). A 1920s-style jazz trio sets the mood on the front porch. Partygoers sip champagne as they pass through to the veranda on the bayfront and then stroll down the promenade, where they take turns posing by the gleaming antique cars. Friend after friend arrives in gorgeous, brightly colored spring gowns, and each one innocently asks, "Where's Jan?" I retell the sad events of the past week over and over and over.
As the cocktail hour ends and everyone makes their way to the tent, I feel a wave of sadness break over me. It's almost more than I can bear. I wish my husband were here. I let grief wash over me for a minute or two and then tell myself to buck up and be the hostess I'm supposed to be. The crowd of almost 500 didn't come to see me burst into tears. I put on my party face and move from table to table, talking to everyone and making sure they're having a great time.
And a great time it is. The centerpieces become costumes, with many people donning the top hats and gloves, even out on the dance floor—something fun that we had not anticipated. A wonderful party always has a bit of serendipity involved. At the close of the evening, people leave with lots of hugs, kisses, and congratulations on another outstanding evening that raised a lot of money and made new friends for the gardens—which is what this was all about.
After climbing into bed (unzipped and ungowned), I close my eyes as the evening plays over and over in my head. I always have an afterglow at the completion of a successful event, and I feel warm and wonderful as I drift off. One thought does cross my mind before I finally fall asleep: Who has the next anniversary coming up, and am I available?


text:
Parent Directory | Revision Log
|Links to HEAD:
|(view) (annotate)
|Sticky Revision:
pass in top level install directory for finley/escript/bruce/paso libraries when building via top level scons script
add top level SConstruct file to enable coordinated building of all esys libraries
This form allows you to request diffs between any two revisions of this file. For each of the two "sides" of the diff, enter a numeric revision.
|ViewVC Help
|Powered by ViewVC 1.1.26


text:
Global South
The modern division of the world as it exists in the economic and social-political sense of the word brought forth a sharp split between the rich, developed, and dominant North and the poor, undeveloped, and exploited South. The former seems to extend its influence over all countries, unable to meet the conditions of those developed, regardless of their geographic position. On the other hand, the Global South and its massive markets await as an oasis, offering true opportunities, great challenges for economic growth, profitable investments and generous
profits. Regretfully, however, entrance into this promising massive market is possible for only a relative minority of the world population, which itself introduced the free/deregulated market, democracy, neo-liberal economic system, and even went as far as to use the story of capitalism by presenting it as the only possible alternative in order to legitimize all that. The centuries old processes of colonisation, decolonisation, and neo-colonisation of the Third World prepared fertile ground for the forthcoming economic invasion, which acquired universal dimensions on the wings of globalisation and has inundated the entire world as never before, reaching out to even the most remote and hidden places of the globe. It soon became obvious, however, that this very process is a harbinger of destructiveness just like many other historical processes undertaken in the name of progress. As a result, the international community is forced to face various acute problems, including poverty, ecological disasters, human and civil rights violation, discrimination, ethnic and regional conflicts, massive migrations of refugees, hunger, violence, and diseases. The field of culture and art proved itself far from immune to the general trends of globalization due to a specific distribution of thought, moral standards, and ethical values. The distribution in question took place through information networks, which were monopolized by the prevailing type of culture. Despite this fact, what nevertheless has succeeded to coexists on the sidelines are certain artistic practices
with a critical stance, contemplating the modern mutated vision of society, which abolishes history, differences, identities, and specifics. What remains to persist and insist is art, which reflects upon wider or merely local and violence-soaked images of the peripheral Global South. It is for this reason that we decided to invite artists from all artistic genres and many peripheral continents to participate in this year's festival and thus contribute to the contemplative and discursive arena evolving around the issue of the Global South with their own discourse on political-social and cultural reality.
We have dedicated much space to performance and Live Art this year, which is not an artistic form most at home in the Slovene cultural space. We may well say that what connects women performers from South, Central, and North America, namely Alejandra Herrera Silva, Regina José Galindo and Nahomi Ximenez, is their immediate expressiveness and strong charisma. The themes they deal with in their works are invested with a strong political dimension. Galindo, an exceptional performer who became internationally renowned for her uncompromising artistic language, understands the body in terms of a collective body, existing as the arena of emerging conflicts which have a direct link to the ruthless context of the Guatemalan everyday reality. The situation on the other side of the world and the trends of contemporary Chinese performance will be shown by artists of different generations, such as Xiao Lu, He Chengyao, Ko Siulan and Liu Lushan. This practical experience will be accompanied by a lecture on Contemporary Chinese performance held by French curator and critic Bérénice Angremy, who runs the China Art Performance Platform (CAPP) and is a renowned authority on the subject of contemporary artistic production in China. There is no need to look for the ruthless environments of the global periphery only in distant countries. Just around the corner, just a step over our South-eastern Schengen border, there is a South of our own, spreading over the area of our former federal country. Undeveloped, dirty, unwanted, exoticised when convenient… and consistently wrapped in a negative connotation. Artists and activists Lana and Leila Čmajčanin, Adela Jušić, Alma Suljević and Danijela Dugandžić Živanović deal with issues related to the experience of war, as well as the deprivileged and discriminated everyday reality of people. The visa application procedure by itself clearly reflects the nature of the relations that exist towards citizens from beyond the South-eastern Schengen border. Leila Čmajčanin posits freedom of movement as the basis for her
artistic action Dobrodošli/ Welcome/Willkommen, thus addressing the wider issue of the repressive nature inscribed within migration policy, which is likewise a theme tackled by Lala Raščić in her new project. The old saying Buscandose el Pan (in a slightly rephrased version - Home is where bread is.) became an integral part of the vocabularies as well as the life directions of each and every generation and subsequently left its mark in all historical epochs, including the one we
currently live in. Moreover, it provided material for the work of Lesley Yendell, who left Great Britain and found inspiration and shelter in Mediterranean Spain, the country of energetic choreographer and dancer Sol Picó. Her works tend to critically focus on ecological problems, women issues, and the pervading negative social perception of aging and old age. Massive migrations and processes are not to be understood solely as a consequence of economic reasons, since extreme political circumstances in many parts of the world also act as a main impetus for
migration. The second war of liberation in Zimbabwe, for example, left a decisive mark in the life and work of Nora Chipaumire, who was forced to leave her country. Her choreographies from exile come across as the poetry of a personal and collective memory, intertwined with experiences of violence, trauma, and resistance. A different kind of memory of childhood and the Lebanon War are written by Cynthia Zaven in her octophonic, sound diary. The latter comes in the form of a narrative made out of various sounds which emerge carved out of a personal audio archive and melded into different multilayered stories. Azra Akšamija, on the other hand, investigates the existing relations between Islamic tradition, architecture predominantly, and the contemporaneous Western reality, which gave the perception of Islam a radical mark after September 11th. Radicalization is still on the rise, whereas religious and constitutional rights are being persistently
violated in democratic countries, allegedly in the name of protection - protection from the Other. Slovenia reflects a similar attitude by continuing to deny any substantial epilogue to the mosque question, which made a great stir at all social and political levels. Karima Mansour used the paradoxical allegory of planting a tree in the desert for her performance Nomadness, which re-examines the themes of identity and conflict. Symbolically she also narrates her own position
as an independent dancer and choreographer, having established the first independent dance group in Egypt. She thus continues to spread the story of her stubborn persistence and independence, despite the fact that she has been exporting her works abroad for years now.
We were keen to host rebels active within their respective movements against neoliberalism in India, Bolivia, Honduras, and Mexico in order for them to present their struggles as well as the development of autonomous movements, which would give us a chance to approach their own recognitions, provoking thorough conside-ration of "politicality" and "globality", the "North" and "South" of the 21st Century. Regretfully, however, political circumstances have made the planned
discussion impossible, including the absence of some artists who were forced to cancel their long-confirmed participation.
We decided to spice up the otherwise varied international program with some novelties from the "home-made" bowl of creativity. We will be presenting three authorial debuts of the young Slovene rising stars Nataša Živković, Katjuša Kovačič and Jelena Rusjan. Two of the three are productions by the City of Women Association, namely the performances authored by Nataša Živković and Katjuša Kovačič. The former dives into the depths of the powerful, intimate, and complex bonds that exist between mother and daughter, whereas the debut of the versatile cultural improviser Katjuša Kovačič creatively revisits the experience of encounter and confrontation between Chinese and Slovene traditions and cultures by interweaving them and entangling them only as much as it takes for them to disentangle on their own… and then, finally, weaves them together into her first independent project. Our cooperation with the Glej Theatre concerned the production of Jelena Rusjan's music-theatre performance Screech Orchestra, which playfully confronts the themes of dark violence and pop aesthetics through the unusual ensemble of a kitch-noir formation. As production partners, we also decided to present one segment of the otherwise complex Via Nova, namely a performance by the outstanding actress Barbara Kukovec, who contemplates the question of live presence on stage. City of Women feels the necessity to explicitly underline the existing latent discrimination of women in capitalism, henceMarija Mojca Pungerčar's new project Mortality Table proved to be more than a welcome statement with regard to current insurance policies which pay out smaller pensions to women in comparison to men, despite identical financial contributions and years of saving gender-wise. Serious subjects will also be presented in a humorous manner, especially the party 4 Years Later, which will be thrown KITCH Institute. The party will actually celebrate the anniversary of a wedding/performance which took place in the City of Women framework, with the aim to problematize the process of acquiring citizenship in the Republic of Slovenia, which itself turns out to be the most rigorous for our Southern neighbors.
An educational program will also be a part of this year's festival, and it will take place in the form of two free workshops under the framework of the City of Women web platform - CoWeb. The first workshop will focus on various methods of writing about performance and Live Art under the mentorship of the professor Jennie Klein, theoretician and writer in the area of contemporary performance, gender and identity. Klein is currently working together with Deirdre Heddon, Ph.D.,
on an anthology about the history of Live Art, entitled Live Art in the UK: Histories and Practices. The second workshop, dealing with critical writing about film, will be held by the editor and film critic Maja Krajnc. The results of the workshop will be published regularly on the CoWeb platform under the coordination of Samo Gosarič, the project coordinator.
This year's abundant offering of films, selected by the expert of the seventh art Vanja Kaluđerčić, includes documentaries by the prominent film icons Agnès Varda and Marta Rodríguez, who both inscribe historical testimonies about life tragedies on film. In addition to her documentary, the festival also offers the newest masterpiece by Agnès Varda, grandmother of the French New Wave. It could be described as a humorous and emotive contemplation of the author's rich opus, which
is inextricably linked to personal testimony. The film of the Turkish director Aysun Bademsoy focuses on a team of female football players who see the hopes of a promising future turn into unfulfilled dreams. The theme of intercultural silence and/or ignorance will be touched upon by a short documentary film by Laura Stasiulyte, whereas a rebellion by factory workers in Thailand was taken as the topic of a short film by Anocha Suwichakornpong and given an outstanding authorial mark. The Finnish documentary film artists Susanna Helke and Virpi Suutari pose questions in relation to the (un)importance of the differences between Islamic and Western cultures through children's play. We can also look forward to the film debut of the renowned visual artist Shirin Neshat straight from the Venice festival. Despite the fact that it deals with a political turning point in history, it remains a current topic, because it speaks of the circumstances which led to the fall of democracy in Iran in 1953. The latter turned out to be a crucial moment, giving rise to the Islamic revolution and to the formation of the political organization of Iran as we know it today. Bearing in mind that the film and cultural education must be encouraged already from an early age, we chose a picturesque film on the life of nomads for our youngest audience. This film treat by the Mongolian film director Byambasuren Davaa was brought to us by Petra Slatinšek, coordinator of the Kinobalon program for children and youth at the partner institution Kinodvor. The festival will be concluded with the film For the End of Time by the versatile artist Ema Kugler, who was part of the City of Women in its first year and is set to return again with her unique artistic expression. The film program is dedicated to two friends in love with film – Nika Bohinc and Alexis Tioseco, who will both be sincerely missed.
The musical program of the 15th City of Women festival stays true to variety, a mixture of sounds bitter and sweet, traditional and contemporary spirits, renowned quality and experimentation. The new project of the socially engagedJelena Milojević is a musical journey through images, memories and feelings with the multiethnic group Karavana iluzij, which brings together the rhythms of the Eastern Balkans and combines them with elements of swing, samba, bossa nova and funk. The mixture of tradition and contemporary spirits is distinctive of the creative work of the renownedMercedes Peón, who has been researching and studying Galician folk music for years now, which has proved to be the main inspiration for her creativity. The duet consisting of the Berlin pianist Magda Mayas and the Lebanese saxophone player Christine Sehnaoui is a creative mixture of different aesthetics and traditions of improvisation arising between the autodidact Sehnaoui and the formally trained pianist Mayas. Their electric-acoustic improvisations with different playing techniques come across as soft and sharp at the same time. We are honoured to be able to host one of the best vocalists of our time, the passionate singer and pianist of Greek-Anatolian roots Diamanda Galás. She relates stories about genocide victims, exiled individuals, social outcasts, as well as those who have passed away or are dying from AIDS. Her music contains mourning and revenge, which makes it a far-echoing cathartic scream, which in turn transforms and influences everything it touches. For the first time in Slovenia we will be hosting Chicks on Speed, a cult electro-pop group with a feminist stance. The group is not involved solely in music, but also works in the fields of activism, visual arts, fashion, and publishing. The heart and soul of Chicks on Speed are the American Melissa Logan and the AustralianAlex Murray-Leslie, who organize and curate multimedia events under the Girl Monster label. They have prepared the seventh edition of the Girl Monster project, on the theme of nudity, especially for the City of Women. The project presents several fellow artists and initiatives related to feminism and gives rise to a multilayered platform which encourages solidarity, networking, and connecting. At the same time, the project encourages dialogue on the subject of women's position within contemporary society, especially when it comes to their existence in the world of art and culture. The hosts of this event, Melissa Logan and A.L. Steiner, will present a program which includes performances, music, a lecture and videos, as well as the work of provocative and creative artists such as Anat Ben-David, Narcissister, Nadine Jessen, Patty Chang, Valie Export, etc.
In the hope that our mosaic provides you with enough interesting events, we sincerely look forward to seeing you at the festival!
Mara Vujić, Artistic Director of the 15th International Festival of Contemporary Arts – City of Women


text:
Pearl Harbor: The REAL History -
Mother Of All Conspiracies
"...everything that the Japanese were planning to do was known to the United States..." ARMY BOARD, 1944 President Roosevelt (FDR) provoked the attack, knew about it in advance and covered up his failure to warn the Hawaiian commanders. FDR needed the attack to sucker Hitler to declare war, since the public and Congress were overwhelmingly against entering the war in Europe. It was his backdoor to war.
FDR blinded the commanders at Pearl Harbor and set them up by - 1.denying intelligence to Hawaii (HI) 2.on Nov 27, misleading the commanders into thinking negotiations with Japan were continuing 3.having false information sent to HI about the location of the Japanese carrier fleet.
1904 - The Japanese destroyed the Russian navy in a surprise attack in undeclared war.
1932 - In The Grand Joint Army Navy Exercises the attacker, Admiral Yarnell, attacked with 152 planes a half-hour before dawn 40 miles NE of Kahuku Point and caught the defenders of Pearl Harbor completely by surprise. It was a Sunday.
1938 - Admiral Ernst King led a carrier-born airstrike from the USS Saratoga successfully against Pearl Harbor in another exercise.
1940 - FDR ordered the fleet transferred from the West Coast to its exposed position in Hawaii and ordered the fleet remain stationed at Pearl Harbor over complaints by its commander Admiral Richardson that there was inadequate protection from air attack and no protection from torpedo attack. Richardson felt so strongly that he twice disobeyed orders to berth his fleet there and he raised the issue personally with FDR in October and he was soon after replaced. His successor, Admiral Kimmel, also brought up the same issues with FDR in June 1941.
7 Oct 1940 - Navy IQ analyst McCollum wrote an 8 point memo on how to force Japan into war with US. Beginning the next day FDR began to put them into effect and all 8 were eventually accomplished.
11 November 1940 - 21 aged British planes destroyed the Italian fleet, including 3 battleships, at their homeport in the harbor of Taranto in Southern Italy by using technically innovative shallow-draft torpedoes.
11 February 1941 - FDR proposed sacrificing 6 cruisers and 2 carriers at Manila to get into war. Navy Chief Stark objected: "I have previously opposed this and you have concurred as to its unwisdom. Particularly do I recall your remark in a previous conference when Mr. Hull suggested (more forces to Manila) and the question arose as to getting them out and your 100% reply, from my standpoint, was that you might not mind losing one or two cruisers, but that you did not want to take a chance on losing 5 or 6." (Charles Beard PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT AND THE COMING OF WAR 1941, p 424)
March 1941 - FDR sold munitions and convoyed them to belligerents in Europe -- both acts of war and both violations of international law -- the Lend-Lease Act.
23 Jun 1941 - Advisor Harold Ickes wrote FDR a memo the day after Germany invaded the Soviet Union, "There might develop from the embargoing of oil to Japan such a situation as would make it not only possible but easy to get into this war in an effective way. And if we should thus indirectly be brought in, we would avoid the criticism that we had gone in as an ally of communistic Russia." FDR was pleased with Admiral Richmond Turner's report read July 22: "It is generally believed that shutting off the American supply of petroleum will lead promptly to the invasion of Netherland East Indies...it seems certain she would also include military action against the Philippine Islands, which would immediately involve us in a Pacific war." On July 24 FDR told the Volunteer Participation Committee, "If we had cut off the oil off, they probably would have gone down to the Dutch East Indies a year ago, and you would have had war." The next day FDR froze all Japanese assets in US cutting off their main supply of oil and forcing them into war with the US. Intelligence information was withheld from Hawaii from this point forward.
14 August - After the Atlantic Conference, Churchill noted the "astonishing depth of Roosevelt's intense desire for war." Churchill cabled his cabinet "(FDR) obviously was very determined that they should come in.".
18 October - diary entry by Secretary of Interior Harold Ickes: "For a long time I have believed that our best entrance into the war would be by way of Japan."
Purple Code - the top Japanese diplomatic machine cipher which used automatic telephone switches to separately and differently encipher each character sent. It was cracked by the Army Signal Intelligence Service (331 men).
J-19 was the main Japanese diplomatic code book. This columnar code was cracked.
JN-25 - The Japanese Fleet's Cryptographic System, a.k.a. 5 number code (Sample). http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/6315/jn25b.gif JN stands for Japanese Navy, introduced 1 June 1939. This was a very simple old-type code book system used by the American Army and Navy in 1898 and abandoned in 1917 because it was insecure.
Version A has a dictionary of 5,600 numbers, words and phrases, each given as a five figure number. These were super-enciphered by addition to random numbers contained in a second code book. The dictionary was only changed once before PH on Dec 1, 1940, to a slightly larger version B but the random book was changed every 3 to 6 months- last on Aug 1. The Japanese blundered away the code when they introduced JN25-B by continuing to use, for 2 months, random books that had been previously solved by the Allies. That was the equivalent of handing over the JN-25B codebook. It was child's play for the Navy group OP-20-G (738 men whose primary responsibility was Japanese naval codes) to reconstruct the exposed dictionary. We recovered the whole thing immediately - in 1994 the NSA published that JN-25B was completely cracked in December 1940. In January 1941 the US gave Britain two JN-25B code books with keys and techniques for deciphering. The entire Pearl Harbor scheme was laid out in this code.
The official US Navy statement on JN-25B is the NAVAL SECURITY GROUP HISTORY TO WORLD WAR II prepared by Captain J. Holtwick in June 1971 who quotes Captain Safford, the chief of OP-20-G, on page 398: "By 1 December 1941 we had the code solved to a readable extent."
Churchill wrote "From the end of 1940 the Americans had pierced the vital Japanese ciphers, and were decoding large numbers of their military and diplomatic telegrams."(GRAND ALLIANCE p 598) Safford reported that during 1941 "The Navy COMINT team did a thorough job on the Japanese Navy with no help from the Army."(SRH-149) " ... many pattern messages could be read practically entire with as few as 1500 meanings." (NSA).
In 1979 the NSA released 2,413 JN-25 orders of the 26,581 intercepted by US between Sept 1 and Dec 4, 1941. The NSA says "We know now that they contained important details concerning the existence, organization, objective, and even the whereabouts of the Pearl Harbor Strike Force." (Parker p 21) Of the over thousand radio messages sent by Tokyo to the attack fleet, only 20 are in the National Archives. All messages to the attack fleet were sent several times, at least one message was sent every odd hour of the day and each had a special serial number. Starting in early November 1941 when the attack fleet assembled and started receiving radio messages, OP-20-G stayed open 24 hours a day and the "First Team" of codebreakers worked on JN-25. In November and early December 1941, OP-20-G spent 85 percent of its effort reading Japanese Navy traffic, 12 percent on Japanese diplomatic traffic and 3 percent on German naval codes. FDR was personally briefed twice a day on JN-25 traffic by his aide, Captain John Beardell, and demanded to see the original raw messages in English. The US Government refuses to identify or declassify any pre-Dec 7, 1941 decrypts of JN-25 on the basis of national security, a half-century after the war.
AD or Administrative Code wrongly called Admiralty Code was an old four character transposition code used for personnel matters. No important messages were sent in this weak code. Introduced Nov 1938, it was seldom used after Dec 1940.
Magic - http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/6315/magic.html the security designation given to all decoded Japanese diplomatic messages. It's hard not to conclude with historians like Charles Bateson that "Magic standing alone points so irresistibly to the Pearl Harbor attack that it is inconceivable anybody could have failed to forecast the Japanese move." The NSA reached the same conclusion in 1955.
Ultra - the security designation for military codes. No Pearl Harbor investigation discussed Ultra even though on June 7, 1942 the Chicago Tribune and six other newspapers betrayed the fact we were reading JN-25.
Warnings do no harm and might do inexpressible good 27 January 1941, Dr. Ricardo Shreiber, the Peruvian envoy in Tokyo told Max Bishop, third secretary of the US embassy that he had just learned from his intelligence sources that there was a war plan involving a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. This information was sent to the State Department and Naval Intelligence and to Admiral Kimmel at Hawaii.
31 March 1941 - A Navy report by Bellinger and Martin predicted that if Japan made war on the US, they would strike Pearl Harbor without warning at dawn with aircraft from a maximum of 6 carriers. For years Navy planners had assumed that Japan, on the outbreak of war, would strike the American fleet wherever it was. The fleet was the only threat to Japan's plans. Logically, Japan couldn't engage in any major operation with the American fleet on its flank. The strategic options for the Japanese were not unlimited.
10 July - US Military Attache Smith-Hutton at Tokyo reported Japanese Navy secretly practicing aircraft torpedo attacks against capital ships in Ariake Bay. The bay closely resembles Pearl Harbor. July - The US Military Attache in Mexico forwarded a report that the Japanese were constructing special small submarines for attacking the American fleet in Pearl Harbor, and that a training program then under way included towing them from Japan to positions off the Hawaiian Islands, where they practiced surfacing and submerging.
10 August 1941, the top British agent, code named "Tricycle", Dusko Popov, told the FBI of the planned attack on Pearl Harbor and that it would be soon. The FBI told him that his information was "too precise, too complete to be believed. The questionnaire plus the other information you brought spell out in detail exactly where, when, how, and by whom we are to be attacked. If anything, it sounds like a trap." He also reported that a senior Japanese naval person had gone to Taranto to collect all secret data on the attack there and that it was of utmost importance to them. The info was given to Naval IQ. Early in the Fall, Kilsoo Haan, an agent for the Sino-Korean People's League, told Eric Severeid of CBS that the Korean underground in Korea and Japan had positive proof that the Japanese were going to attack Pearl Harbor before Christmas. Among other things, one Korean had actually seen the plans. In late October, Haan finally convinced US Senator Guy Gillette that the Japanese were planning to attack in December or January. Gillette alerted the State Department, Army and Navy Intelligence and FDR personally.
24 September 1941, the " bomb plot" message in J-19 code from Japan Naval Intelligence to Japan' s consul general in Honolulu requesting grid of exact locations of ships pinpointed for the benefit of bombardiers and torpedo pilots was deciphered. There was no reason to know the EXACT location of ships in harbor, unless to attack them - it was a dead giveaway. Chief of War Plans Turner and Chief of Naval Operations Stark repeatedly kept it and warnings based on it prepared by Safford and others from being passed to Hawaii. The chief of Naval Intelligence Captain Kirk was replaced because he insisted on warning HI. It was lack of information like this that lead to the exoneration of the Hawaii commanders and the blaming of Washington for unpreparedness for the attack by the Army Board and Navy Court. At no time did the Japanese ever ask for a similar bomb plot for any other American military installation. Why the Roosevelt administration allowed flagrant Japanese spying on PH has never been explained, but they blocked 2 Congressional investigations in the fall of 1941 to allow it to continue. The bomb plots were addressed to "Chief of 3rd Bureau, Naval General Staff", marked Secret Intelligence message, and given special serial numbers, so their significance couldn't be missed. There were about 95 ships in port. The text was:
"Strictly secret.
"Henceforth, we would like to have you make reports concerning vessels along the following lines insofar as possible:
"1. The waters (of Pearl Harbor) are to be divided roughly into five subareas (We have no objections to your abbreviating as much as you like.)
"Area A. Waters between Ford Island and the Arsenal. "Area B. Waters adjacent to the Island south and west of Ford Island. (This area is on the opposite side of the Island from Area A.) "Area C. East Loch. "Area D. Middle Loch. "Area E. West Loch and the communication water routes.
"2. With regard to warships and aircraft carriers, we would like to have you report on those at anchor (these are not so important) tied up at wharves, buoys and in docks. (Designate types and classes briefly. If possible we would like to have you make mention of the fact when there are two or more vessels along side the same wharf.)"
Simple traffic analysis of the accelerated frequency of messages from various Japanese consuls gave a another identification of war preparations, from Aug-Dec there were 6 messages from Seattle, 18 from Panama, 55 from Manila and 68 from Hawaii.
Oct. - Soviet top spy Richard Sorge, the greatest spy in history, informed Kremlin that Pearl Harbor would be attacked within 60 days. Moscow informed him that this was passed to the US. Interestingly, all references to Pearl Harbor in the War Department's copy of Sorge's 32,000 word confession to the Japanese were deleted. NY Daily News, 17 May 1951.
16 Oct. - FDR grossly humiliated Japan's Ambassador and refused to meet with Premier Konoye to engineer the war party, lead by General Tojo, into power in Japan.
1 Nov. - JN-25 Order to continue drills against anchored capital ships to prepare to "ambush and completely destroy the US enemy." The message included references to armor-piercing bombs and 'near surface torpedoes.'
13 Nov. - The German Ambassador to US, Dr. Thomsen an anti-Nazi, told OSS that Pearl Harbor would be attacked.
14 Nov. - Japanese Merchant Marine was alerted that wartime recognition signals would be in effect Dec 1.
22 Nov. - Tokyo said to Ambassador Nomura in Washington about extending the deadline for negotiations to November 29: "...this time we mean it, that the deadline absolutely cannot be changed. After that things are automatically going to happen." CIA Director Allen Dulles told people that US was warned in mid-November that the Japanese Fleet had sailed east past Tokyo Bay and was going to attack Pearl Harbor. FOIA #F-1998-00977.
23 Nov. - JN25 order - "The first air attack has been set for 0330 hours on X-day." (Tokyo time or 8 A.M. Honolulu time)
25 Nov. - British decrypted the Winds setup message sent Nov. 19. The US decoded it Nov. 28. It was a J-19 Code message that there would be an attack and that the signal would come over Radio Tokyo as a weather report - rain meaning war, east (Higashi) meaning US.
25 Nov. - Secretary of War Stimson noted in his diary "FDR stated that we were likely to be attacked perhaps as soon as next Monday." FDR asked: "the question was how we should maneuver them into the position of firing the first shot without too much danger to ourselves. In spite of the risk involved, however, in letting the Japanese fire the first shot, we realized that in order to have the full support of the American people it was desirable to make sure that the Japanese be the ones to do this so that there should remain no doubt in anyone's mind as to who were the aggressors."
25 Nov. - Navy Department ordered all US trans-Pacific shipping to take the southern route. PHH 12:317 ADM Turner testified "We sent the traffic down to the Torres Straight, so that the track of the Japanese task force would be clear of any traffic." PHH 4:1942
25 Nov. - Yamamoto gave this order in JN-25: " (a) The task force, keeping its movements strictly secret and maintaining close guard against submarines and aircraft, shall advance into Hawaiian waters and upon the very opening of hostilities, shall attack the main force of the United States Fleet in Hawaii and deal it a mortal blow. The raid is planned for dawn on X-day -- exact date to be given by later order. (b) Should the negotiations with the US prove successful, the task force shall hold itself in readiness forthwith to return and reassemble. (c) The task force will move out of Hitokappu Wan on the morning of 26 November and advance to the standing-by position on the afternoon of 4 December and speedily complete refueling." ( Order to sail - scan from the PHA Congressional Hearings Report, vol 1 p 180, transcript p 437-8) This was decoded by the British on November 25 and the Dutch on November 27. When it was decoded by the US is a national secret, however, on November 26 Naval Intelligence reported the concentration of units of the Japanese fleet at an unknown port ready for offensive action.
26 Nov. 3 A.M. - Churchill sent an urgent secret message to FDR, probably containing above message. This message caused the greatest agitation in DC. Of Churchill's voluminous correspondence with FDR, this is the only message that has not been released (on the grounds that it would damage national security). Stark testified that "On November 26 there was received specific evidence of the Japanese intention to wage offensive war against Great Britain and the United States." C.I.A. Director William Casey, who was in the OSS in 1941, in his book THE SECRET WAR AGAINST HITLER, p 7, wrote "The British had sent word that a Japanese fleet was steaming east toward Hawaii." Washington, in an order of Nov 26, ordered both US aircraft carriers, the Enterprise and the Lexington out of Pearl Harbor "as soon as possible". This order included stripping Pearl of 50 planes or 40 percent of its already inadequate fighter protection. In response to Churchill's message, FDR secretly cabled him that afternoon - "Negotiations off. Services expect action within two weeks." Note that the only way FDR could have linked negotiations with service action, let alone have known the timing of the action, was if he had the message to sail. In other words, the only service action contingent on negotiations was Pearl Harbor.
26 Nov. - the "most fateful document " was Hull's ultimatum that Japan must withdraw from Indochina and all China. FDR's Ambassador to Japan called this "The document that touched the button that started the war." http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/6315/hullno26.html
27 Nov. - Secretary of War Stimson sent a confused and confusing hostile action possible http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/6315/warnings.html or DO-DON'T warning. The Navy Court found this message directed attention away from Pearl Harbor, rather than toward it. One purpose of the message was to mislead HI into believing negotiations were continuing. The Army which could not do recon was ordered to and the Navy which could was ordered not to. The Army was ordered on sabotage alert, which specifically precluded attention to outside threat. Navy attention was misdirected 5000 miles from HI. DC repeated, no less than three times as a direct instruction of the President, "The US desires that Japan commit the first overt act Period." It was unusual that FDR directed this warning, a routine matter, to Hawaii which is proof that he knew other warnings were not sent. A simple question--what Japanese "overt act" was FDR expecting at Pearl Harbor? He ordered sabotage prevented and subs couldn't enter, that leaves air attack. The words "overt act" disclose FDR's intent - not just that Japan be allowed to attack but that they inflict damage on the fleet. This FDR order to allow a Japanese attack was aid to the enemy - explicit treason.
29 Nov.- Hull sat in Layfayette Park across from the White House with ace United Press reporter Joe Leib and showed him a message stating that Pearl Harbor would be attacked on December 7. This could well have been the Nov. 26 message from Churchill. The New York Times in its 12/8/41 PH report on page 13 under the headline "Attack Was Expected" stated the US had known that Pearl Harbor was going to be attacked the week before. Perhaps Leib wasn't the only reporter Hull told.
29 Nov. - U.S. made a telephone intercept of an uncoded plain-text Japanese conversation in which an Embassy functionary (Kurusu) asked 'Tell me, what zero hour is. Otherwise, I won't be able to carry on diplomacy.' The voice from Tokyo (K. Yamamoto) said softly, 'Well then, I will tell you. Zero hour is December 8 (Tokyo time, ie, December 7 US time) at Pearl Harbor'.
30 Nov. US Time (or 1 Dec. Tokyo time) - The Japanese fleet was radioed this Imperial Naval Order (JN-25): "JAPAN, UNDER THE NECESSITY OF HER SELF-PRESERVATION AND SELF-DEFENSE, HAS REACHED A POSITION TO DECLARE WAR ON THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA." ( Congress Appendix D, p 415). US ally China also recovered it in plain text from a shot-down Japanese Army plane near Canton that evening. This caused an emergency Imperial Conference because they knew the Chinese would give the information to GB and US. In a related J-19 message the next day, the US translated elaborate instructions from Japan dealing in precise detail with the method of internment of American and British nationals in Asia "on the outbreak of war with England and the United States"
1 Dec. - Office of Naval Intelligence, ONI, Twelfth Naval District in San Francisco found the missing Japanese fleet by correlating reports from the four wireless news services and several shipping companies that they were getting strange signals west of Hawaii. The Soviet Union also knew the exact location of the Japanese fleet because they asked the Japanese in advance to let one of their ships pass (Layton p 261). This info was most likely given to them by US because Sorge's spy ring was rolled up November 14. All long-range PBY patrols from the Aleutians were ordered stopped on Dec 6 to prevent contact.
1 Dec. - Foreign Minister Togo cabled Washington Ambassador Nomura to continue negotiations "to prevent the U.S. from becoming unduly suspicious."
1 Dec. - The tanker Shiriya, which had been added to the Striking Force in an order intercepted Nov 14, radioed "proceeding to a position 30.00 N, 154.20 E. Expect to arrive at that point on 3 December." (near HI) The fact that this message is in the National Archives destroys the myth that the attack fleet maintained radio silence. They were not ordered to (Order 820). Serial numbers prove that the Striking Force sent over 663 radio messages between Nov 16 and Dec 7 or about 1 per hour. The NSA has not released any raw intercepts because the headers would prove that the Striking Force did not maintain radio silence. On Nov 29 the Hiyei sent one message to the Commander of the 3rd fleet; on Nov 30 the Akagi sent several messages to its tankers - see page 474 of the Hewitt Report. http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/6315/warnings.html Stinnett in DAY OF DECEIT (p 209) found over 100 messages from the Striking Force in the National Archives. All Direction Finding reports from HI have been crudely cut out. Reports from Dec 5 show messages sent from the Striking Force picked up by Station Cast, P.I. From traffic analysis, HI reported that the carrier force was at sea and in the North.
THE MOST AMAZING FACT is that in reply to that report, MacArthur's command sent a series of three messages, Nov 26, 29, Dec 2, to HI lying about the location of the carrier fleet - saying it was in the South China Sea. This false information, which the NSA calls inexplicable, was the true reason that HI was caught unawares. Duane Whitlock, who is still alive in Iowa, sent those messages. There were a large number of other messages that gave the location of the Striking Force by alluding to the Aleutians, the North Pacific and various weather systems near HI.
1 Dec. - FDR cut short his scheduled ten day vacation after 1 day to meet with Hull and Stark. The result of this meeting was reported on 2 Dec. by the Washington Post: "President Roosevelt yesterday assumed direct command of diplomatic and military moves relating to Japan." This politically damaging move was necessary to prevent the mutiny of conspirators.
1 Dec. 3:30 P.M. FDR read Foreign Minister Togo's message to his ambassador to Germany: "Say very secretly to them that there is extreme danger between Japan & Anglo-Saxon nations through some clash of arms, add that the time of this war may come quicker than anyone dreams." This was in response to extreme German pressure on November 29 for Japan to strike the US and promises to join with Japan in war against the US. The second of its three parts has never been released. The message says it contains the plan of campaign. This is 1 of only 3 known DIPLOMATIC intercepts that specified PH as target. It was so interesting, FDR kept a copy.
2 Dec. 2200 Tokyo time- Here is a typical JN-25 ships-in-harbor report sent to attack fleet, words in parenthesis were in the original: "Striking Force telegram No. 994. Two battleships (Oklahoma, Nevada), 1 aircraft carrier (Enterprise) 2 heavy cruisers, 12 destroyers sailed. The force that sailed on 22 November returned to port. Ships at anchor Pearl Harbor p.m. 28 November were 6 battleships (2 Maryland class, 2 California class, 2 Pennsylvania class), 1 aircraft carrier (Lexington), 9 heavy cruisers (5 San Fransisco class, 3 Chicago class, 1 Salt Lake class), 5 light cruisers (4 Honolulu class, 1 Omaha class)"
2 Dec. - Commander of the Combined Imperial Fleet Yamamoto radioed the attack fleet in plain (uncoded) Japanese Climb Niitakayama 1208 (Dec 8 Japanese time, Dec 7 our time). Thus the US knew EXACTLY when the war would start. Even HI knew. Mount Niitaka was the highest mountain in the Japanese Empire - 13,113 feet.
2 Dec. - General Hein Ter Poorten, the commander of the Netherlands East Indies Army gave the Winds setup message to the US War Department. The Dutch intercept station was Kamer 14 on Java. The Dutch, British and Americans all had liaison officers at each others' Far Eastern code centers and secret radio contact with each other (British FECB at Singapore; and US at Station Cast, Philippines) throughout 1941. These centers helped each other. The Australians had a center in Melbourne and the Chinese also broke JN-25. A Dutch sub had visually tracked the attack fleet to the Kurile Islands in early November and this info was passed to DC, but DC did not give it to HI. The intercepts the Dutch gave the US are still classified in RG 38, Box 792.
2 Dec - Japanese order No. 902 specified that old JN-25 additive tables version 7 would continue to be used alongside version 8 when the latter was introduced on December 4. This means the US read all messages to the Striking Force through the attack.
4 Dec. - In the early hours, Ralph Briggs at the Navy's East Coast Intercept station, received the "East Winds, Rain" message, the Winds Execute, which meant war. He put it on the TWX circuit immediately and called his commander. This message was deleted from the files. One of the main coverups of Pearl Harbor was to make this message disappear. Japanese Dispatch # 7001. In response to the Winds Execute, the Office of US Naval IQ had all Far Eastern stations (Hawaii not informed) destroy their codes and classified documents including the Tokyo Embassy.
4 Dec. - Kilsoo Haan called Maxwell Hamilton at the State Department and told him that the Korean underground had information that the Japanese would attack Pearl Harbor the coming weekend.
4 Dec. - The Dutch invoked the ADB joint defense agreement when the Japanese crossed the magic line of 100 East and 10 North. The U.S. was at war with Japan 3 days before they were at war with us.
4 Dec. - General Ter Poorten sent all the details of the Winds Execute command to Colonel Weijerman, the Dutch military attache' in Washington to pass on to the highest military circles. Weijerman personally gave it to Marshall, Chief of Staff of the War Department.
4 Dec - US General Thorpe at Java sent four messages warning of the PH attack. DC ordered him to stop sending warnings.
5 Dec. - All Japanese international shipping had returned to home port.
5 December - In the morning FDR dictated a letter to Wendell Wilkie for the Australian Prime Minister, "There is always the Japanese to consider. The situation is definitely serious and there might be an armed clash at any moment...Perhaps the next four or five days will decide the matters."
5 Dec. - At a Cabinet meeting, Secretary of the Navy Knox said, "Well, you know Mr. President, we know where the Japanese fleet is?" "Yes, I know" said FDR. " I think we ought to tell everybody just how ticklish the situation is. We have information as Knox just mentioned...Well, you tell them what it is, Frank." Knox became very excited and said, "Well, we have very secret information that the Japanese fleet is out at sea. Our information is..." and then a scowling FDR cut him off. (Infamy, Toland, 1982, ch 14 sec 5)
5 Dec. - Washington Star reporter Constantine Brown quotes a friend in his book The Coming of the Whirlwind p 291, "This is it! The Japs are ready to attack. We've broken their code, and we've read their ORDERS."
5 Dec. - Lt. Howard Brown of Station Cast in the Philippines received urgent request from Washington to listen for a short message from Tokyo which ended with the English word "stop". He heard the message at 11:30 PM Hawaiian time Dec 6. This is the Hidden Word Code set up in a message of November 27 (e.g. in code, Roosevelt=Miss Kimiko). The message was: "Relations between Japan and the following countries are on the brink of catastrophe: Britain and the United States."
6 December - This 18 November J19 message was translated by the Army: "1. The warships at anchor in the Harbor on the 15th were as I told you in my No.219 on that day. Area A -- A battleship of the Oklahoma class entered and one tanker left port. Area C -- 3 warships of the heavy cruiser class were at anchor. 2. On the 17th the Saratoga was not in harbor. The carrier Enterprise, or some other vessel was in Area C. Two heavy cruisers of the Chicago class, one of the Pensacola class were tied up at docks 'KS'. 4 merchant vessels were at anchor in area D. 3. At 10:00 A.M. on the morning of the 17th, 8 destroyers were observed entering the Harbor..." Of course this information was not passed to HI.
6 Dec. - A Dec 2 request from Tokyo to HI for information about the absence of barrage balloons, anti-torpedo nets and air recon was translated by the Army.
6 Dec. - at 9:30 P.M FDR read the first 13 parts of the decoded Japanese diplomatic declaration of war and said "This means war." What kind of President would do nothing? When he returned to his 34 dinner guests he said, "The war starts tomorrow."
6 Dec. - the war cabinet: FDR, top advisor Hopkins, Stimson, Marshall, Secretary of the Navy Knox, with aides John McCrea and Frank Beatty "deliberately sat through the night of 6 December 1941 waiting for the Japs to strike." (Infamy ch 16 sec 2)
7 December - A message from the Japanese Consul in Budapest to Tokyo: "On the 6th, the American Minister presented to the Government of this country a British Government communique to the effect that a state of war would break out on the 7th." The communique was the Dec 5th war alert from the British Admiralty. It has disappeared. This triple priority alert was delivered to FDR personally. The Mid-East British Air Marshall told Col. Bonner Fellers on Saturday that he had received a secret signal that America was coming into the war in 24 hours. Churchill summarized the message in GRAND ALLIANCE page 601 as listing the two fleets attacking British targets and "Other Japanese fleets...also at sea on other tasks." There only were three other fleets- for Guam, the Philippines and HI. 2 paragraphs of the alert, British targets only, are printed in AT DAWN WE SLEPT, Prange, p 464. There is no innocent purpose for our government to hide this document.
7 December 1941 very early Washington time, there were two Marines, an emergency special detail, stationed outside the Japanese Naval Attache's door. 9:30 AM Aides begged Stark to send a warning to Hawaii. He did not. 10 AM FDR read the 14th part, 11 A.M. FDR read the 15th part setting the time for the declaration of war to be delivered to the State Department at 1 PM, about dawn Pearl Harbor time, and did nothing. Navy Secretary Knox was given the 15th part at 11:15 A.M. with this note from the Office of Naval IQ: "This means a sunrise attack on Pearl Harbor today." Naval IQ also transmitted this prediction to Hull and about 8 others, including the White House (PHH 36:532). At 10:30 AM Bratton informed Marshall that he had a most important message (the 15th part) and would bring it to Marshall's quarters but Marshall said he would take it at his office. At 11:25 Marshall reached his office according to Bratton. Marshall testified that he had been riding horses that morning but he was contradicted by Harrison, McCollum, and Deane. Marshall who had read the first 13 parts by 10 PM the prior night, perjured himself by denying that he had even received them. Marshall, in the face of his aides' urgent supplications that he warn Hawaii, made strange delays including reading and re-reading all of the 10 minute long 14 Part Message ftp://ftp.purdue.edu/pub/Liberal-Arts/History/pha/pearl.harbor/congress/appendix .d/annex_e.txt (and some parts several times) which took an hour and refused to use the scrambler phone on his desk, refused to send a warning by the fast, more secure Navy system but sent Bratton three times to inquire how long it would take to send his watered down warning - when informed it would take 30 or40 minutes by Army radio, he was satisfied (that meant he had delayed enough so the warning wouldn't reach Pearl Harbor until after the 1 PM Washington time deadline). The warning was in fact sent commercial without priority identification and arrived 6 hours late. This message reached all other addressees, like the Philippines and Canal Zone, in a timely manner.
7 December - 7:55 A.M. Hawaii time AIR RAID PEARL HARBOR. THIS IS NOT DRILL.
7 December - 1:50 P.M. Washington time. Harry Hopkins, who was the only person with FDR when he received the news of the attack by telephone from Knox, wrote that FDR was unsurprised and expressed "great relief." Eleanor Roosevelt wrote about December 7th in This I Remember p 233, that FDR became "in a way more serene." In the NY Times Magazine of October 8, 1944 she wrote: "Dec. 7 was...far from the shock it proved to the country in general. We had expected something of the sort for a long time."
7 December - 3:00 PM "The (war cabinet) conference met in not too tense an atmosphere because I think that all of us believed that in the last analysis the enemy was Hitler...and that Japan had given us an opportunity." Harry Hopkins, Dec. 7 Memo (Roosevelt and Hopkins R Sherwood, p. 431)
7 December - 9 hours later, MacArthur's entire air force was caught by surprise and wiped out in the Philippines. His reaction to the news of Pearl Harbor was quite unusual - he locked himself in his room all morning and refused to meet with his air commander General Brereton, and refused to attack Japanese forces on Formosa even under orders from the War Department. MacArthur gave three conflicting orders that ensured the planes were on the ground most of the morning. MacArthur used radar tracking of the Japanese planes at 140, 100, 80, 60, down to 20 miles to time his final order and ensure his planes were on the ground. Strategically, the destruction of half of all US heavy bombers in the world was more important than naval damage in Pearl Harbor. Either MacArthur had committed the greatest blunder in military history or he was under orders to allow his forces to be destroyed. If it were the greatest blunder in history, it is remarkable how he escaped any reprimand, kept his command and got his fourth star and Congressional Medal of Honor shortly later. Prange argued, "How could the President ensure a successful Japanese attack unless he confided in the commanders and persuaded them to allow the enemy to proceed unhindered?"
7 December - 8:30 PM, FDR said to his cabinet, "We have reason to believe that the Germans have told the Japanese that if Japan declares war, they will too. In other words, a declaration of war by Japan automatically brings..." at which point he was interrupted, but his expectation and focus is clear. Mrs. Frances Perkins, Secretary of Labor, observed later about FDR: "I had a deep emotional feeling that something was wrong, that this situation was not all it appeared to be." Mrs. Perkins was obsessed by Roosevelt's strange reactions that night and remarked particularly on the expression he had:" In other words, there have been times when I associated that expression with a kind of evasiveness." FDR met with CBS newsman Edward R. Murrow at midnight. Murrow, who had seen many statesmen in crises, was surprised at FDR's calm reaction. After chatting about London, they reviewed the latest news from PH and then FDR tested Murrow's news instincts with these 2 bizarre giveaway questions: "Did this surprise you?" Murrow said yes. FDR: "Maybe you think it didn't surprise us?" FDR gave the impression that the attack itself was not unwelcome. This is the same high-strung FDR that got polio when convicted of perjury; the same FDR that was bedridden for a month when he learned Russia was to be attacked; the same FDR who couldn't eat or drink when he got the Japanese order to sail.
8 December - In a conversation with his speechwriter Rosenman, FDR "emphasized that Hitler was still the first target, but he feared that a great many Americans would insist that we make the war in the Pacific at least equally important with the war against Hitler." Later, Jonathan Daniels, administrative assistant and press secretary to FDR said, "The blow was heavier than he had hoped it would necessarily be...But the risks paid off; even the loss was worth the price..." FDR reminisced with Stalin at Tehran on November 30, 1943, saying "if the Japanese had not attacked the US he doubted very much if it would have been possible to send any American forces to Europe." Compare this statement with what FDR said at the Atlantic Conference 4 months before Pearl: "Everything was to be done to force an 'incident' to justify hostitlities." Given that a Japanese attack was the only possible incident, then FDR had said he would do it.
Information Known in Washington and Hawaii October 9-December 7, 1941 Date Item Washington Kimmel Short Oct. 9 "Bombplot" message X Nov. 26-28 "Winds" setup message X X [1] Nov. 26 Location of carriers X Dec. 1 Japanese declaration of war X Dec. 2-6 Code destruction X [2] X X Dec. 4 "Winds execute" message X X[3] Dec. 4 US at war with Japan via ADB X Dec. 5 British Admiralty Alert X Dec. 6-7 "14 Part" message X Dec. 7 "One o'clock" message X [1] Admiral Kimmel learned of the "winds" code in a Nov. 28th dispatch to him from the US Asiatic Fleet. JCC, p. 470. [2] DC informed HI that codes were being burned world-wide so when they learned the local consulate burned codes they would not go on alert. [3] General Short was given the Winds Execute by British IQ.
Note that none of the 3 diplomatic messages or the many naval messages identifying Pearl as the target were forwarded (not to mention HUMINT). Only 5 of the 74 Navy IQ packets delivered to FDR in the 2 weeks before Dec 7 can be found.
The issue of whether FDR and Washington were responsible for Pearl Harbor was decided in two courts of law in 1944. Both the Navy Court and the Army Board found Washington guilty.
NAVY Court of Inquiry !!! ftp://ftp.purdue.edu/pub/Liberal-Arts/History/pha/pearl.harbor/navy.court/ Top Secret ARMY Board Report!!! (30K) ftp://ftp.purdue.edu/pub/Liberal-Arts/History/pha/pearl.harbor/misc/army_1.txt
Oct, 1944, "Now let us turn to the fateful period between November 27 and December 6, 1941. In this period numerous pieces of information came to our State, War, and Navy Departments in all of their Top ranks indicating precisely the intentions of the Japanese including the probable exact hour and date of the attack. " In response to this report, Marshall offered his resignation - the sign of a guilty conscience. Marshall testified at the MacArthur hearings that he considered loyalty to his chief superior to loyalty to his country.
JOINT CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEE ftp://ftp.purdue.edu/pub/Liberal-Arts/History/pha/pearl.harbor/misc/army_1.txt on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack, Nov 15, 1945 to May 31, 1946, proved that there had been so much reversion of testimony, coverup and outright lies that the truth would have to wait until all Pearl Harbor records were declassified.
Most of the conspirators were military men, all men of FDR's own choice, men who only followed orders and FDR never delegated authority. Stark, in answer to charges that he denied IQ to Hawaii, said publicly in August 1945 that everything he did pre-Dec 7, 1941 was on FDR's orders. The handfull of military men in DC responsible for the disaster at Pearl Harbor were directly under the control of FDR and were later promoted and protected from investigation; promoted with FDR's full knowledge that they were responsible for not warning Hawaii. On the record, Intelligence tried to warn HI scores of times but were prevented by FDR's men.
American Deaths: 2,403; Wounded 1,178.
Eighteen ships were sunk or seriously damaged including 5 battleships (USS Arizona photo).
188 planes were destroyed and 162 were damaged.
Japanese Out of an attack force of 31 ships and 353 raiding planes the Japanese lost: 64 deaths, 29 planes, 5 midget submarines.
CONCLUSION - ROOSEVELT WAS A TRAITOR The US was warned by, at least, the governments of Britain, Netherlands, Australia, Peru, Korea and the Soviet Union that a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor was coming. Most, if not all, Japanese codes were broken. FDR and Marshall and others knew the attack was coming, allowed it and covered up their knowledge. It's significant that both the the chief of OP-20-G Safford and Friedman of Army SIS, the two people in the world that knew what we decoded, said that FDR knew Pearl Harbor was going to be attacked.
Pearl Harbor was not about war with Japan - It was about war with GERMANY HITLER WOULD NOT DECLARE WAR IF U.S. UNBEATABLE 1.OBJECTIVE: War with Germany. How do you bait Hitler to declare war on you? You don't get it by looking unbeatable! 2.Direct provocation in Atlantic had failed - Hitler didn't bite. 3.FDR knew from magic that if Japan attacked, Germany would declare war. 4.Therefore: the problem was how to maneuver Japan into firing the first shot or make the first overt act. 5.Japan must succeed or Hitler would renege.
War with Japan was a given because they had to attack the Philippines. If Japan's fleet were destroyed, it would defeat the purpose. It would have been obvious suicide for Hitler to declare war if Japan were crippled - it would allow the US to attack him without even the possibility of a two-front war. That was what he had just been avoiding for months. The plan could only work if Japan's attack succeeded. The lure of a weakened US in a two-front war focused on Japan seemed to make a German war declaration cost-free. But it was all a trap - FDR was always going to ignore Japan and go after Hitler, for his ultimate goal was to save his beloved Soviet Communism.
In November FDR ordered the Red Cross Disaster Relief director to secretly prepare for massive casualties at Pearl Harbor because he was going to let it be attacked. When he protested to the President, President Roosevelt told him that "the American people would never agree to enter the war in Europe unless they were attack [sic] within their own borders." See U.S. Naval Institute - Naval History - Advance Warning? The Red Cross Connection by Daryl S. Borgquist http://www.usni.org/Naval_History/Articles99/NHborgquist.htm
CHURCHILL--FDR KNEW. Did FDR know that Pearl Harbor was a Japanese target? Answer: FDR planned Pearl Harbor to be their target. He ordered the ships in and the carriers out. Churchill wrote about Pearl Harbor that FDR and his top advisors "knew the full and immediate purpose of their enemy." (GRAND ALLIANCE p 603) http://www.geocities.com/Pentagon/6315/fdrknew.html Churchill's entire discussion of Pearl Harbor was a justification of treason, e.g.: "A Japanese attack upon the U.S. was a vast simplification of (FDR's and advisors') problems and their duty. How can we wonder that they regarded the actual form of the attack, or even its scale, as incomparably less important than the fact that the whole American nation would be united...?"
J. Edgar Hoover told his friends in early 1942 that FDR had known about the Pearl Harbor plan since the early fall. It was totally in character for FDR to concoct such a plan. Not only had the US Senate already censured FDR for utterly lacking moral perspective, but as Walter Lippmann wrote: "his purposes are not simple and his methods are not direct." To get into the war, FDR used the Atlantic Fleet as bait to be shot up; Pearl Harbor was the same thing in the Pacific. US Admiral Bloch testified "The Japanese only destroyed a lot of old hardware. In a sense they did us a favor." This was obviously FDR's view as well, because on 7 December at 2:15, minutes after hearing of the attack and before any damage reports were in, FDR called Lord Halifax at the British Embassy and told him "Most of the fleet was at sea...none of their newer ships were in harbour."
Why does the government refuse to release all the messages to the attack fleet, or any JN-25 messages decoded before Dec 7? There is absolutely nothing about national security to hide in JN-25. It is a trivial and worthless 19th century code. The techniques for cracking it had been published world-wide in 1931. The US government has proudly showed how they used JN-25 decrypts after December 8 to win the Battle of Midway which occurred 7 months after Pearl Harbor. Therefore, there is nothing intrinsic about the code itself, the means of cracking it, or the fact that we cracked it, that has any national security implications of any nature. What is the difference between decrypts from the Purple machine and decrypts from JN-25? The answer is simply that the JN-25 messages contained the final operational details of the Pearl Harbor attack, whereas the Purple did not.
Why won't they let the truth out? Such secrecy breeds mistrust in government. The only thing that is left to hide are JN-25 decrypts and worksheets showing that the US and Britain monitored the Japanese attack fleet all the way to Pearl Harbor. That is the scandal. That is the big secret. It raises the issue of whether the NSA is accessory after the fact to treason. However, the secrecy and misdirection by the NSA about our capabilities with JN-25B and pre-war messages proves there is something very wrong. The NSA has systematically lied about the size of the JN25 books by a factor of 4 and about how many codebreakers worked on the code in 1941 by a factor of 22. The NSA is an evil Gestapo that is committed neither to truth nor open government nor the rule of law. We live an Orwellian history in which treason is honored, in which FDR's murder of thousands of young innocent men is good. In a word, we are no different from the tyranny we decry. A self-governing people must have truth to make proper decisions. By subverting the truth, the National Security Agency is subverting our Democracy.
He who controls the past, controls the future. He who controls the present, controls the past. - Orwell Tokyo had to send the daily bomb-plots, cabled from its Honolulu consulate, to the attack fleet by JN-25 radio messages. The pilots had to get their target information. "The news of the position of enemy ships in Pearl Harbor comes again and again." - Lt. Cmdr. Chigusa, executive officer of the attack fleet's Akigumo in his diary, December 4, 1941 (At Dawn We Slept, G. Prange, page 453). FDR got it, too. FDR knew the Japanese pilots' targets as well as they did, because he got their bomb-plots when they did. He had their specific targets, ship by ship, in his hands at the White House. These messages would prove absolutely that FDR knew that the attack fleet's target was Pearl Harbor and therefore are not released. The unnecessary and illogical secrecy about pre-December 7, 1941, JN-25 decoding is conclusive evidence that there was wrongdoing at the highest levels.
FDR was a traitor for maneuvering Japan into war with US - and that is known and admitted - FDR was a traitor for sacrificing American lives, for putting America in danger, for usurping the Constitutional power of Congress to make war. Day of infamy, indeed; he chose his words precisely with a hidden double-meaning. Four days before the attack, FDR could have sent telegrams of condolence to the families of the sailors he was going to allow to be killed. Even today there is a coverup, based on a transparently bogus excuse of national security, that shows that our government cannot face the truth about what happened a half-century ago. Truth we owe the men of Pearl Harbor. Until we tell the full truth, we dishonor them and every soldier and sailor who gave their life for their country. Should their lives have been sacrificed for treason and no one know, they had died in vain. If their honor cover treason - we are not a nation of law. The Air Corps in the Philippines and the Navy at Pearl were FDR's bait, the oil embargo was his stick, the end of negotiations was the tripwire in FDR's game of shame - a game of death for so many. Roosevelt aided and abetted the murder of thousands of Americans.
Pearl Harbor, Mother of All Conspiracies, the book [<--click below to buy, available only here].
"Very late on a cold, dark night in December, a British emissary was driven through the dreary streets of Washington. Inside his diplomatic pouch he carried a secret message marked Most Urgent Personal and Secret to the President. It was a triple priority message from the British Admiralty in London that the United States of America was going to be attacked at Pearl Harbor on December 7th. Lord Halifax was swiftly shown in to the White House and conferred with Franklin Roosevelt. Roosevelt's hopes soared; his long-laid plans were about to be fulfilled. It was December 5th, 1941." From the Introduction This definitive Revisionist Bible presents incontrovertable proof that the United States read the main Japanese fleet code JN-25 prior to Pearl Harbor. More than 200 hundred Japanese naval messages decoded in 1941 are published.
It proves Washington knew Pearl Harbor was to be attacked by publishing for the first time a 26 November 1941 Navy intelligence analysis concluding that Japanese carriers were in the Kurile Islands poised to attack Hawaii.
It settles the debate about whether a "Winds" message was received.
It refutes the myth that the Striking Force maintained radio silence.
It reveals for the first time several of the most deeply kept secrets of World War II.
It explains the sacrifice of Bataan.
It discloses the treason at Midway.
It details how FDR engineered Pearl Harbor to save his beloved Soviet Communism.
It analyzes how FDR sold out his country to be President for life.