text:
The Battle of Karbala
Qurra reported (later):
I thought that he (al-Hurr) was going to leave the battle, and did not want to be present at it but was unwilling to be seen when he (left).
So I said, "I have not watered it and I was going to water it." Then I left him where he was. By God, if he had told me what he was intending to do, I would have gone with him to al Husayn, peace be on him.
He (al-Hurr) began gradually to draw closer to al Husayn.
"What do you want, Ibn Yazid?'' asked Muhajir Ibn Aws, but he did not answer. (Instead) a great shudder came over him.
"Your behaviour is suspicious," said Muhajir. "By God, I have never seen you act like this before. If I was asked who was the bravest of the Kufans, I would not (normally) neglect (to mention) you. What is this I see in you, (today)?" "By God, I am giving my soul the choice between Heaven and the fire (of Hell)," answered al-Hurr. "By God, I will not choose anything before Heaven, even though I am cut to pieces and burnt."
(With that) he whipped his horse and (galloped over) and joined al- Husayn, peace be on him.
"May I be your ransom, son of the Apostle of God?" he said. "I was your companion who stopped you from returning. I accompanied you along the road and made you stop in this place. But I did not think that the people would refuse to respond to what you have offered them and that they would ever come to this position I (which they have now come to) with regard to you. By God, if I had I known that they would finish up (by doing) what I am seeing (them do) to you, I would not have committed what I have committed against you. I repent to God for what I have done. Will you accept my repentance?"
"Yes," replied al Husayn, peace be on him, "God will forgive you. So get down."
"You will have (no) horseman better than me, (nor), while I am on foot, any foot-soldier," he said. "I will continue fighting on foot to the (bitter) end."
"Do so," replied al Husayn, peace be on him. "May God grant you mercy (though) what He has revealed to you."
He advanced, in front of al Husayn, peace be on him, and called out, "People of Kufa, your mother(s) will be deprived of their sons and tears will come to their eyes. Have you summoned this righteous man (to come to you), then, when he has come to you, have you handed him over (to his enemies)?
Did you claim that you would fight with your own lives for him, and then have you begun to attack him in order to kill him? You have laid hold of his life; you have seized his throat; you have encircled him on every side in order to prevent him returning to God's broad land (i.e. the Hijaz). He has come into your hands like a prisoner who no longer has the power to use his own life and cannot defend it against harm.
You have prevented him, his womenfolk, his children and his people from (getting) the water of the Euphrates which Jews, Christians and Majians may drink, and which the pigs and dogs of Sawad drink. They (al Husayn's family) are likely to die of thirst. How wickedly you have treated the offspring left by Muhammad. May God not give you water to drink on the Day of Thirst."
Some of the foot-soldiers attacked him by shooting arrows at him.
He went and stood in front of al Husayn, peace be on him.
"Durayd," 'Umar Ibn Sad called out, "bring forward your standard (for us)."
He brought it forward. ('Umar) put an arrow in his bow and let it fly. He said, "(All of you) be witnesses of who was the first to shoot."
The people began to shoot at each other and to come forward (for single combat). Yasar, retainer (mawla) of Ziyad Ibn Abi Sufyan, came forward (from Umar's army). 'Abd Allah Ibn Umayr (al-Kalbi) came forward (from al Husayn's ranks) to meet him.
"Who are you?" Yasar asked him, and (Ibn al-Kalbi) gave him his lineage.
"I do not know you," (Yasar) answered. "Let Zuhayr Ibn al-Qayn or Habib Ibn Muzahir come out against me."
"Son of a prostitute, you wanted to do single combat with one of the people," retorted Abd Allah Ibn Umayr (al-Kalbi).
With that (Ibn al-Kalbi) struck him with his sword until he had quietened him. While he was occupied with striking against him, Salim, retainer (mawla) of 'Ubayd Allah Ibn Ziyad, attacked him (Ibn al-Kalbi).
Al Husayn's followers cried out (in warning), "The (other) servant is closing in on you!" (Ibn al-Kalbi) did not notice (Salim) until the latter was upon him. With his left arm he warded off Salim's blow but the fingers of his hand were cut off. Then he turned on (Salim) and struck him and killed him. After (thus) killing them both, (Ibn al-Kalbl) came forward and recited, "If you do not know me, I am Ibn al-Kalbi: I am a man of bitterness and anger, I am not a weakling in the face of disaster."
Amr Ibn al-Hajjaj, with the Kufans under his command, launched an attack on the right wing of the supporters of al Husayn, peace be on him. When they drew near, the followers of al Husayn, peace be on him, knelt down and pointed their spears at them. The (attackers) horses would not come forward against the spears and they swung round to retreat. The followers of al Husayn, peace be on him, began to shoot arrows at (the enemy), killing some of them and wounding others.
Abd Allah Ibn Hawza, one of the Banu Tamim, approached al Husayn's camp and the people called out to him, "Where are you going, may your mother be deprived of you?" "I am (in the right) advancing to a merciful Lord and an intercessor who is listened to (i.e. the Prophet)," he answered.
"Who is that?" al Husayn, peace be on him, asked his followers.
"Ibn Hawza al-Tamimi," he was told.
"O God, drive him into the fire!" (al Husayn) exclaimed. With that his horse upset him in its stride and fell. His left leg was stuck in the stirrups and his right leg was free. Muslim Ibn Awsaja attacked him and struck his right leg and cut it off. The horse galloped off (dragging) him (along) and his head struck every stone and clod of earth until he died. God hurried his soul to (Hell) fire. (More) fighting then broke out and more men were killed.
Al-Hurr Ibn Yazid attacked the followers of 'Umar Ibn Sa'd and (as he did so), he recited the words of 'Antara, "With my charger's neck and breast thrust forward I will launch myself at them again and again until (the beast) is clothed in blood."
Yazid Ibn Sufyan, from Banu al-Harith (of Tamim), came forward to meet him. Soon al-Hurr killed him.
(In the meantime) Nafi' Ibn Hilal came forward, declaring, "I am the son of Hilal. I believe in the religion of 'Ali."
Muzahim Ibn Hurayth came against him, crying, "I follow the religion of Uthman."
"Rather you follow the religion of Satan," Nafi replied and attacked and killed him.
"You stupid fellows," Amr Ibn al-Hajjaj cried out to (his) men, "don't you realise whom you are fighting? (These) knights of the town are people who are seeking death. Don't let any of you go forward to fight them in single combat. They are only few and their time is running out. If you only threw stones at them, you would kill them (eventually)."
"True, you've come to the right conclusion," 'Umar Ibn Sad said to him. Then he sent (the message) to the commanders that none of their men should fight in single combat.
Amr Ibn al-Hajaj and his men launched an attack against al- Husayn, peace be on him, from the direction of the Euphrates. They fought together fiercely for a time. Muslim Ibn Awsaja was struck down, may God have mercy on him, (but) Amr and his men withdrew. When the dust settled, (al Husayn's followers) found Muslim stretched out dying. Al Husayn, peace be on him, walked towards him and he was on the point of death.
"Muslim, may God have mercy on you," said (al Husayn).
"of them (the believers) is he who has accomplished his vow, and of them is he who waits; they have not changed at all." (33:23)
Habib Ibn Muzahir approached and said, "Muslim, your death is hard for me to bear but I bring you good news of Heaven (where you are going)."
"May God bring you good news too," replied Muslim in a weak voice. "Even if I knew that I would follow you at this very moment, I would still like you to appoint me to carry out everything which concerns you."
Then the people came again against al Husayn, peace be on him.
Shamir Ibn Dhi al-Jawshan attacked with his left wing (and thrust at) (al Husayn's) left wing, but they stood firm against him and forced him away (with their spears). Al Husayn, peace be on him, and his followers were attacked on every side but the followers of al Husayn fought fiercely. Then their cavalry began to attack and even though they were only thirty-two horsemen, they did not attack any side of the Kufan cavalry without putting it to flight.
When Urwa Ibn Qays saw that - he was in command of the Kufan cavalry - he sent word to 'Umar Ibn Sad, "Don't you see what my calvary is receiving today from this small number (of men)? Send the foot-soldiers and archers against them."
He sent the archers against them. Al-Hurr Ibn Yazid's horse was lamed. He dismounted and began to shout, "You have lamed my (horse) but I am the son of freedom and braver than a maned lion."
He struck out against them with his sword but a great number came against him. Ayyub Ibn Musarrih and another of the Kufan horsemen shared in killing him.
The followers of al Husayn, peace be on him, continued to fight fiercely against the enemy until it was midday. When al Husayn Ibn Numayr - he was in command of the archers - perceived the steadfastness of the followers of al Husayn, peace be on him, he advanced against his supporters with five hundred archers so that they showered the followers of al Husayn, peace be on him, with arrows.
They continued shooting at them until they had lamed (most of) their horses and wounded some of their men. Then they moved against them and a fierce battle was fought between them for some time. Shamir Ibn Dhi al-Jawshan (also) attacked them with his followers but Zuhayr Ibn al-Qayn with ten of the followers of al- Husayn (counter) attacked and drove them away from the tents.
- The History of al Tabari
Volume XIX The Caliphate of Yazid Ibn Muawiyah
Pages 65 - 179 (Selected)
Translated by I.K.A Howard
Paper back - ISBN 0-7914-0041-7
- Kitab al Irshad
Shaykh al Mufid
Pages 328 - 372
Translated by I.K.A Howard
- Tahrike Tarsile Quran
Paper back - ISBN 0-940368-11-0
Martyrdom of Companions and Banu Hashim
Shamir Ibn Dhi al-Jawshan turned back against them but (some) of his men were killed and the rest retreated to their positions. (The number) of killed was apparent among the followers of al Husayn, peace be on him, because of the fewness of their number while it was not so apparent among the followers of 'Umar Ibn Sa'd because of their great number.
The battle (continued to be) fought fiercely and desperately. The number killed and wounded among the followers of Abu 'Abd Allah al Husayn, peace be on him, continued to grow until the sun began to decline. Al Husayn and his companions prayed the prayer according to the rite of the prayer of fear.
Hanzala Ibn Sa'd al-Shibami advanced in front of al Husayn, peace be on him, and called out, "People of Kufa,
O people I fear for you the same (that happened) on the Day of Parties. I fear for you on the Day of Summoning" (40:30,32)
"O people, do not kill al Husayn,
for God will destroy you with punishment. He who forges a lie will be disappointed. (20:61)
He advanced and fought until he was killed, may God have mercy on him. After that, Shawdhab, retainer (mawla) of Shakir, went forward, (after saying), "Greetings, Abu 'Abd Allah and may God store his mercy and blessings for you."
He fought until he was killed, may God have mercy on him. Then came Abis Ibn Shabib al-Shakiri. He greated al Husayn, peace be on him, and fought until he was killed. Each man of (al Husayn's) followers continued to go forward and be killed until there only remained with al Husayn, peace be on him, the members of his own House.
His son, 'Ali Ibn al Husayn, peace be on them, whose mother was Layla daughter of Abu Murra Ibn Urwa Ibn Masud al-Thaqafi, was (the next) to advance. He was one of the most handsome men of the time. On that day he was nineteen years of age.
He attacked the enemy declaring, "I am 'Ali Ibn al Husayn Ibn 'Ali. By the House of God, we are those rightly (endowed) with the Prophet. By God, the son of a spurious son will not judge us. I will strike with my sword in defence of my father. I will strike with the blow of a Hashimi, a Qurayshi."
He did that several times, and the Kufans were afraid to kill him.
Then Murra Ibn Munqidh al-Abdi saw him. He said, "May the felonies of the Arabs come on me, if he gets past me doing the same as he has been doing, (and) if I do not deprive his mother of him."
(''Ali Ibn al Husayn) continued to attack the enemy as he had been doing but then Murra Ibn Munqidh came against him and stabbed him. He was struck down and the enemy fell upon him, cutting him with their swords. Al Husayn, peace be on him, went out until he stood over him and said, "May God kill (the) people who killed you, my son. How fool hardy they are against the Merciful and in violating the sacredness of the family of the Apostle, may God bless him and his family."
His eyes filled with tears and he said, "There will (only) be dust on the world after you."
Zaynab, the sister of al Husayn, peace be on him, came hurrying out, crying, "My brother, my nephew!" She came up and threw herself on (her dead nephew). Al Husayn raised her head and then led her back to the tent. He told his young (sons), "Carry your brother back."
They carried him and put him before the tent which they had been fighting in front of. (Then) one of 'Umar Ibn Sad's men called 'Amr Ibn Subayh shot an arrow at 'Abd Allah Ibn Muslim Ibn Aqil. Abd Allah put his hand to guard his brow. The arrow struck his hand and penetrated through his brow, and riveted the hand to it. He was not able to move it when another man came down on him with a spear, thrust it into his heart, and killed him.
Abd Allah Ibn Qutba al-Ta'i attacked Awn Ibn 'Abd Allah Ibn Ja'far Ibn Abi Talib and killed him.
Amir Ibn Nashhal al-Tamimi attacked Muhammad Ibn Abd Allah Ibn Ja'far Ibn Abi Talib and killed him.
Uthman Ibn Khalid al-Hamdam launched himself against 'Abd al- Rahman Ibn 'Aqil Ibn Abi Talib, and killed him.
Humayd Ibn Muslim reported:
It was like that among us (i.e. many of al Husayn's supporters had been killed by 'Umar Ibn Sa'd's army) when a young lad came out against us. His face was young like the first splinter of the new moon and he carried a sword. He was wearing a shirt and a waistcloth (izar), and a pair of sandals, one of whose straps was broken. 'Umar Ibn Sa'd Ibn Nufayl al-Azdi said to me, "Let me attack him." I said, "Praise be to God, what do you want to do that for? Leave him. While even one of the family of al Husayn remains, that will be enough to take vengeance on you for his (death)."
But he insisted, "By God, let me attack him."
So he rushed against him and did not turn back until he had struck his head with his sword and split it in two. The young lad fell face downwards and he called out, "O uncle!" At this, al Husayn, peace be on him, showed himself just like the hawk shows itself. He launched into attack like a raging lion and struck Umar Ibn Sad Ibn Nufayl with his sword. That man tried to fend off the blow with his arm but his arm was cut off from the elbow, and he gave a great shriek (of pain) which was (even) heard by the people in the camp.
As al Husayn, peace be on him, turned away from him, the cavalry of Kufa attacked in order to save him but they (only succeeded) in trampling him to death beneath the horses' hooves, and the dust rose.
I saw al Husayn, peace be on him, standing by the head of the young lad, looking at his feet and al Husayn, peace be on him was saying, "May the people who have caused your death perish. For the one who will oppose them on the Day of Resurrection on your behalf will be your grandfather ('Ali, or great grandfather, i.e. the Prophet)."
Then he continued, "By God, it is hard on your uncle that you called him and he did not answer you, or rather he answered but your cry was (too late) to help you. For by God, those who kill his relatives are many but those who help him are few."
Then he carried him in his arms. It is just as if (even now) I am looking at the two legs of the boy making marks (as they trail) on the ground. He took him and put him with his son, ''Ali Ibn al Husayn, peace be on them both, and the other members of the household who had been slain. I asked about the boy and was told that he was al-Qasim Ibn al-Hasan Ibn 'Ali Ibn Abl Talib, peace be on them.
Then al Husayn, peace be on him, sat in front of the tent. He brought his son, 'Abd Allah Ibn al Husayn, peace be on him, who was (just) a baby and sat him on his knee. But one of the Banu Asad shot an arrow which slaughtered the child. Al Husayn, peace be on him, caught the child's blood in the palm of his hand.
When his palm was full, he poured (the blood) on to the ground and said, "O Lord, if it be so that You have kept the help of Heaven from us, then let it be because (Your purpose) is better than (immediate help). Take vengeance on these people who are (such) oppressors."
Then he carried the child and laid him with the (other) members of his household who had been slain.
(Just then) Abd Allah Ibn Uqba al-Ghanawi shot an arrow at Abu Bakr Ibn al-Hasan Ibn 'Ali, peace be on them, and killed him. When al-Abbas Ibn 'Ali saw the number of his family who had been killed, he said to his brothers on his mother's side, Abd Allah, Ja'far and Uthman, "My brothers through my mother, go forward so that I may see that you have remained true to God and His Apostle. For you have no children (to defend)."
Abd Allah, may God have mercy on him, advanced and fought fiercely. He exchanged blows with Hani' Ibn Shabib al-Hadrami and Hani' killed him. After him Ja'far went forward and Hani' also killed him. Khawali Ibn Yazid al-Asbahi, may God curse him, went against Uthman who had taken the place of his brother. He fired an arrow at him and brought him down. One of the Banu Darim attacked him (while he was down) and cut off his head.
The attack against Imam Husayn (a.s.) and his Martyrdom
The group then launched an attack against al Husayn, peace be on him, and cut off his access to his camp. His thirst became severe, and he set off towards the dam, trying to reach the Euphrates. In front of him was his brother, al-'Abbas. However, the cavalry of Ibn Sa'd, may God curse him, blocked his route. Among these was a man from the Banu Darim; he said to (the cavalry), "Woe upon you! Prevent him from reaching the Euphrates, don't let him get water."
Then al Husayn, peace be on him, cried out, "O God, I am thirsty." The Darim became angry and shot an arrow at him which lodged in his throat. Al Husayn, peace be on him, pulled out the arrow and held his hand below his throat. Both his palms were filled with blood which he shook away, then he said, "O God, I complain to You about what is being done to the son of the daughter of Your Prophet."
Then he returned to his position, while his thirst had become (even more) severe.
Meanwhile the people had surrounded al-Abbas and cut him off from (al Husayn). Single-handed he began to attack them until he was killed, may God have mercy on him. The two who took part in killing him were Zayd Ibn Warqa al-Hanafi and Hahm Ibn al-Tufail al- Shabsi, after he had been covered with wounds and could not move.
(The account of al Abbas death is missing from Tabari) When al Husayn, peace be on him, came back from the dam to his tents, Shamir Ibn Dhi al-Jawshan advanced towards him with a group of his followers and surrounded him. The fastest of them was a man called Malik Ibn al-Nusayr al-Kindi. He cursed al Husayn, peace be on him, and struck him on the head with his sword. (Al Husayn) was wearing a cap. (The sword) went through it right into his head and made it bleed. The cap was filled with blood.
Al Husayn, peace be on him, said to him, "May you never eat or drink with your right hand! May God gather you (on the Day of Judgement) with those people who are wrong-doers."
Then he threw away the cap and called for a cloth which he tied around his head. Then he called for another cap, put it on and bound it (in place).
(The above portion is missing from the account of Tabari)
Shamir Ibn Dhi al-Jawshan and those who were with him had withdrawn from him to their (earlier) positions. After a short delay they came again against him and surrounded him. 'Abd Allah Ibn al- Hasan Ibn 'Ali peace be on them, came out against them, he was only a boy, not yet mature enough to leave the women. He rushed forward until he stood beside his uncle, al Husayn, peace be on him. Then Zaynab, the daughter of 'Ali, peace be on him, came after him to stop him, and al Husayn, peace be on him, told her to stop him. However he refused (to take any notice of her) and determinedly prevented her (from taking him away). He said, "By God, I will not leave my uncle."
(At this) Abjar Ibn Ka'b rushed towards al Husayn, peace be on him. With sword (in hand), the young lad said to him, "Woe upon you, you son of an impure woman, are you trying to kill my uncle?" Abjar struck at him with his sword. The boy tried to fend off (the blow) with his arm. The sword cut through (his arm) to the skin (on the other side). There was the arm hanging (by the skin). The boy cried out, "O my mother!" Al Husayn took hold of him and embraced him. He said to him, "My nephew, try to bear what has come to you and be comforted with the news that God will unite you with your righteous ancestors."
Then al Husayn, peace be on him, raised his hand and said, "O God, even as You have made life pleasant for them for a time, divide them into factions and make them follow the ways of factions and let their rulers never be pleased with them. They summoned us so that they might support us and then they became hostile to us and killed us."
(Abjar is mentioned as Bahr in Tabari) The foot-soldiers launched an attack from right and left against those who were left with al Husayn, peace be on him, until only a group of three or four remained with him. When al Husayn, peace be on him saw that, he called for a pair of dazzling Yemen trousers (sarawil). He tore them and put them on. He tore them so that he should not have them plundered after he had been killed. When al- Husayn, peace be on him, was killed, Abjar Ibn Kab set on him, plundered him of the trousers and left him naked. After that the two hands of Abjar Ibn Ka'b, may God curse him, became so dry in the summer that they were like sticks and then soaking wet in the winter so that they sprinkled drops of water and puss, until God destroyed him.
When nobody except a group of three members of his family was left with al Husayn, peace be on him, he moved against the people, while the three protected him until (all) three were killed. Al Husayn, was left alone. Despite being weighed down by wounds in his head and body, he began to strike against them with his sword and they scattered, to right and left, away from him.
Then Humayd Ibn Muslim said, "By God, I have never seen such persistence. His sons have been killed, and the members of his household and his followers, yet he is still as brave as ever and he has not allowed his spirit to leave him. When the soldiers attack him, he fights back with his sword and scatters them to right and left of him like goats when a wolf comes upon them."
When Shamir Ibn Dhi al-Jawshan realised (the position), he called for the cavalry and they came up at the rear of the foot-soldiers. He ordered the archers to shoot at (al Husayn) and they showered him with arrows until he became (quilted with arrows) like a hedgehog (with spikes).
He drew back from them and they stood facing him. His sister Zaynab, came to the door of the tent and called out to 'Umar Ibn Sad Ibn Abi Waqqas, "Woe upon you, Umar. Is Abu Abd Allah being killed while you (stand by and) watch?" But Umar did not answer. Then she called out, "Woe upon you (all), is there not a Muslim among you?" But no-one answered.
Then Shamir Ibn Dhi al-Jawshan shouted at the foot soldiers and the Calvary, "Why are you waiting for the man? May your mothers be deprived of you!" So they attacked him from every side.
Zura Ibn Sharik struck him on the left shoulder-blade and cut into it. Another of them struck him on the shoulder. He fell prostrate on his face. Sinan Ibn Anas al-Nakhai stabbed him with a spear and killed him. Khawali Ibn Yazid al-Asbahi hurried to him and bent down to cut off his head but he trembled (too much). Shamir said to him, "May God crush your arm why are you trembling?" Then Shamir bent down and decapitated him. He lifted the head (and handed it) to Khawati saying, "Take it to the commander 'Umar Ibn Sa'd."
Then they began to plunder (the body of) al Husayn, peace be on him. Ishaq Ibn al-Hayat al-Hadrami, may God curse him, took his shirt. Abjar Ibn Ka'b, may God curse him, took his trousers. Akhnas Ibn Marthad, may God curse him, took his turban. One of the Banu Darim took his sword. They plundered his saddle and his camel and they looted his womenfolk.
(The name of the plunderers and the plundered objects are different in Tabari)
Humayd Ibn Muslim reported:
By God, I did not see one of his women or daughters or the women of his family who did not have her clothes ripped from her back, taken away and removed from her forcibly. Then we came to 'Ali Ibn al Husayn, peace be on them both. He was stretched out on a bed and he was very ill. Shamir had a group of foot-soldiers with him and they asked him, "Shall we kill this sick one?" I said, "Praise be to God, will boys be killed (too)? This is only a youth even though he is what he is." And I went on (arguing) until I had moved them away from him.
Then 'Umar Ibn Sa'd arrived and the women cried out and wept in his face. He ordered his followers, "None of you should enter the tents of these women nor disturb this sick boy." The women asked him to return what had been taken from them so that they could clothe themselves again. So he commanded that whoever had taken any of their belongings should return them to them. But by God, none of them returned anything. He then entrusted charge of the main tent and the tents of the women to a group (of men) who were; with him. He said, "Guard (the women) so that none of them may leave and do not harm them."
After this, he returned to his tent and called out to his followers, "Who will volunteer (to go) to al Husayn and make his horse trample on (al Husayn's body)?" Ten volunteered. Of these, Ishaq Ibn Hayyat and Akhnas Ibn Marthad trampled on (the body of) al Husayn with their horses until they had broken and bruised his back. Umar Ibn Sad despatched on that day-it was the day of 'Ashura', - the head of al Husayn, peace be on him, with Khawali Ibn Yazid al-Asbahi and Humayd Ibn Muslim al-Azdi, to Ubayd Allah Ibn Ziyad. Then he ordered the heads of the remainder of his followers and members of his House (who had been slain) to be cut off. There were seventy-two heads. He sent Shamir Ibn Dhi al-Jawshan, Qays Ibn Ash'ath and Amr Ibn al-Hajjaj with these. They journeyed until they brought them to Ibn Ziyad.
He ('Umar Ibn Sad) remained there for the rest of that day and the next day until just after midday. Then he summoned the people for the journey, and set out towards Kufa. He took with him the daughters and sisters of al Husayn, peace be on him, together with ''Ali Ibn al Husayn, peace be on him. The latter was still sick with a dysentry and was almost on the point of death.
When Ibn Sad departed, some of Banu Asad, who had been staying at al-Ghadiriyya went to al Husayn, peace be on him, and his followers. They performed the funeral prayer over them. Then they buried al Husayn at the place where his tomb still is, and they buried his son ''Ali Ibn al Husayn al-Asghar (the younger) at the foot of the body. They dug around the area next to the two feet of al Husayn, peace be on him, for the martyrs from his House and his followers.
They gathered them together and buried them all together. However, they buried al-Abbas Ibn ''Ali, peace be on them both, in the place where he was killed, on the road to al-Ghadiriyya, where his tomb still is.


text:
MOSCOW, May 24 (UPI) — The Russian Foreign Ministry said Syrian leaders have agreed "in principle" to attend an international conference in Geneva on the long-running Syrian conflict.
The ministry said the Syrian leaders would participate in the June conference so "Syrians themselves [could] find a political path to a solution" to the civil war that began in March 2011, the BBC reported Friday.
"We note with satisfaction that we have received an agreement in principle from Damascus to attend the international conference … ," Foreign Ministry spokesman Alexander Lukashevich said.
The conflict is "ruinous for the nation and region," he said.
Syria's main opposition group was discussing its participation in the conference.
The international conference, supported by Russia and the United States, seeks to provide a political solution to the crisis in Syria. The solution is based on the 2012 recommendations of the U.N.-backed Action Group for Syria, which include a call for an immediate end to the violence and the establishment of a transitional government that could include officials from President Bashar Assad's regime and opposition members.
Copyright 2013 United Press International, Inc. (UPI).

subset: commoncrawl


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To: Camille L O'Neill
Subject: Lost Doc [Incident: 120403-000037]
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Question Reference #120403-000037
Summary: Lost Doc
Category Level 1: Federal Depository Libraries
Category Level 2: Fugitive publications/LostDocs
Date Created: 04/03/2012 12:35 PM
Last Updated: 04/03/2012 12:35 PM
Status: Open
First Name: Camille
Last Name: O'Neill
Agency/Company Name: Arizona Western College
Phone Number: (928) 344-7768
Depository Library #: 0027
Discussion Thread
Customer By Web Form (Camille O'Neill) – 04/03/2012 12:35 PM
Here is another item that looks like a potential candidate for the FDLP. Thank you.
Native fish sanctuaries of the Lower Colorado River: Cibola High Levee Pond Desert Pupfish Pond http://www.fort.usgs.gov/Products/Publications/pub_abstract.asp?PubId=21476


text:
American Desperado is Roberts' no-holds-barred account of being born into Mafia royalty, witnessing his first murder at the age of seven, becoming a hunter-assassin in Vietnam, returning to New York to become--at age 22--one of the city's leading nightclub impresarios, then journeying to Miami where in a few short years he would rise to become the Medellin Cartel's most effective smuggler.
But that's just half the tale.
The roster of Roberts' friends and acquaintances reads like a Who's Who of the latter half of the 20th century and includes everyone from Jimi Hendrix, Richard Pryor, and O.J. Simpson to Carlo Gambino, Meyer Lansky, and Manuel Noriega.
Nothing if not colorful, Roberts surrounded himself with beautiful women, drove his souped-up street car at a top speed of 180 miles per hour, shared his bed with a 200-pound cougar, and employed a 6"6" professional wrestler called "The Thing" as his bodyguard. Ultimately, Roberts became so powerful that he attracted the attention of the Republican Party's leadership, was wooed by them, and even was co-opted by the CIA for which he carried out its secret agenda.
Scrupulously documented and relentlessly propulsive, this collaboration between a bloodhound journalist and one of the most audacious criminals ever is like no other crime book you've ever read.
"A spellbinding narrative of drugs, death and debauchery as told by one of America's most notorious criminals….A savage, unrelenting tale."
─Kirkus Reviews
"The Moby Dick of mob memoirs…here is everything you've wanted to know—and much better, here is the way everything felt. Evan Wright puts you so deep inside a career in organized crime that midway through you'll begin expecting a knock on your door and a call from your lawyer."
─David Lipsky, author of the national bestseller ABSOLUTELY AMERICAN
"Delivers all the guilty pleasures one expects from a gangster's memoir, but Wright's superb prose offers something more: a meditation on good and evil during the glittering decay of late 20th century civilization…One of the best books of the year."
─James L. Swanson, Edgar Award winning author of the New York Times bestsellers MANHUNT and BLOODY CRIMES
"AMERICAN DESPERADO is not only stranger but so much better than fiction…Captivating, addictive, and head-spinning, this one-of-a-kind book earns its place on the top shelf of true crime accounts."
─Chuck Hogan, New York Times bestselling author of PRINCE OF THIEVES (basis of the Academy Award-nominated "The Town")
"American Desperado is the first great crime book of the 21st Century. Dangerous, darkly hilarious, hair-raising, and terrifically written, Wright's prose spills over with the kind of insane, brilliantly rendered detail and dialogue that make you want to call people at four in the morning and read out loud."
─Jerry Stahl, New York Times bestselling author of PERMANENT MIDNIGHT
"AMERICAN DESPERADO is one of the most disturbing memoirs I've ever read…Evan Wright does a brilliant job getting into Roberts' scary head … I never want to be in the same room with Jon Roberts, but I couldn't stop reading his book."
─Steven Gaines, New York Times bestselling author of PHILISTINES AT THE HEDGEROW and FOOL'S PARADISE
"Seldom have I read an account of criminal enterprise that took me so deeply into the blackness of a man's soul—a scary read, pounding and relentless and irresistible."
─Bruce Porter, author of BLOW
"Imagine if Mister Kurtz from HEART OF DARKNESS sat down with Dick Cavett for a little chat about the nature of good and evil, empathy, fatherhood, violence, drugs, power, self-knowledge, women, family, the hero versus the anti-hero, freedom, imprisonment...Try as you might, you can't really put this book down."
─Doug Stanton, New York Times bestselling author of HORSE SOLDIERS and IN HARM'S WAY
"A tour de force. The best crime book since WISEGUY. Puts you in the middle of a world where it's wonderful to be a tourist, terrible to be a resident. I am filled with nothing but admiration and envy for Evan Wright."
─Rich Cohen, New York Times bestselling co-author of WHEN I STOP TALKING YOU'LL KNOW I'M DEAD, and author of TOUGH JEWS
From the Hardcover edition.


text:
NAB 2014: Audio
Shure SCM820 eight-channel digital IntelliMix automatic mixer
LAS VEGAS—Audio equipment manufacturers continue to benefit from advances in technology that allow them to release products with faster operation, better resolution and more flexible configurations.
AXIA AUDIO will show their new Fusion modular AoIP mixing console which features four program and four auxiliary buses, onboard EQ and voice dynamics, automatic mix-minus, and integrated intercom capability.
DAN DUGAN SOUND DESIGN will show its Dugan-VN16, a 16-channel automatic mixing controller that interfaces with select Avid digital mixers to detect and crossfade mic signals.
LOGITEK will feature its JetStream Plus 240-channel AoIP audio node, which houses 15 card slots enabling configurable analog and digital I/O, SDI inputs and microphone preamps.
LAWO will demo its compact mc²56 mixing console, which now includes the mc² AutoMix feature which automatically adjusts levels of active and inactive microphones while keeping a constant ambient level.
SHURE will show its SCM820 eight-channel digital IntelliMix automatic mixer designed for use in speech applications. It activates the best mic for a particular speaker while attenuating mics that are not being addressed.
SSL will debut new versions of its C100 and C10 digital broadcast consoles, along with the new SSL LIve console and audio IP networking technology.
Studer Vista XSTUDER will launch its Vista X largescale mixing console, which retains the company's Vistonics and Fader- Glow user interface while integrating the new Infinity Core platform, which supports 800-plus DSP channels and more than 5,000 inputs and outputs. Also new is the A-Link fiber-based audio interface, which supports the Infinity Core's I/O count and has a newly-designed connector system that breaks out signals to analog and digital audio and video interfaces. A-Link also offers direct connection to Riedel's MediorNet distributed router, allowing multiple Infinity Cores to be interconnected.
WHEATSTONE will debut several new digital audio consoles for radio and television, as well as new signal processor designs and its latest audio networking equipment.
MERGING TECHNOLOGIES will feature its Pyramix virtual studio digital audio workstation, Horus and Hapi RAVENNA networked audio converters, Ovation media server and sequencer, VCube HD player/ recorders, Iris integrated post-production systems and Luxor file server.
SONY will demo its new handheld PCMD100 audio recorder that supports the latest high-resolution codecs and formats and has separate converters for PCM (up to 192 kHz) and DSD (2.8 MHz) recording.
TSL PRODUCTS will debut the SAM1 MADI studio audio monitor that delivers A/V/ confidence monitoring and can access any combination of MADI, embedded HD-SDI, AES and analog sources in a mixed multichannel environment. Also look for TSL's PAM1 MK2 Precision Audio Monitor that's aimed at a range of operational uses in TV production and features a loudness histogram, enabling CALM Act compliance.
WOHLER is spotlighting their AMP2-E16V AVB, a new AVB monitoring option card for its flagship AMP2 series of modular A/V monitoring devices. The new card enables AVB compliance without sacrificing any other input options; up to five AVB cards may be fitted.
AUDIO-TECHNICA is launching a new and improved range of professional studio monitor headphones, extending from the entry level ATH-M20x to the flagship ATH-M50x, which offers large aperture drivers and sound-isolating earcups.
GENELEC will show its 8251 small three-way speaker system that reportedly offers a unique set of features not seen before in audio monitoring, and is the latest member in the Smart Active Monitor family. Also check out the 8010, the smallest member of Genelec's analog 8000 series family. It features a three-inch bass driver and a 3/4-inch tweeter with a 2 x 25 Watt class D amplifier system.
AEQ is launching two AoIP interfaces, including NETBOX 32/8 AD, with 32 I/O (mono, stereo; digital or analog) and GPI/O.
APANTAC will highlight its HDMI Audio De-Embedder which offers audio delay up to 2,700 mS and supports two channels of PCM analog audio, coaxial digital audio, and compressed audio.
AXIA AUDIO is spotlighting its xSelector that combines the functions of an XY router control panel with the audio outputs of an Axia xNode AoIP interface and includes six customizable preset buttons.
JK AUDIO will showcase its AutoHybrid IP2 that functions as a two-line hybrid for VoIP and incorporates the features of a phone line hybrid and also functions as a stereo streaming AoIP codec.
LAWO will show equipment that supports Ravenna networking technology for the real-time distribution of media content in IP-based network environments, and supports AES67.
Riedel MediorNetRIEDEL has developed its first WAN-focused solution using the MediorNet platform as a base. Also check out the new A-Link interface module for MediorNet that provides users with a highly scalable audio routing system offering I/O capacities in excess of 10,000 I/O.
STUDIO TECHNOLOGIES will spotlight their model 412 fiber transport system that comes in three versions offering a range of SDI/MADI input and output configurations and also supports gigabit Ethernet and digital video.
AUDIO-TECHNICA will showcase their BP894 MicroSet headworn microphone that allows the cardioid capsule to be aimed directly at the sound source and features a rotating capsule housing with talk-side indicator.
SONY will launch its new UWP-D wireless mic system for on-camera run-and-gun use, incorporating digital hybrid processing in three packages, including bodypack, handheld and plug-on transmitters.
TSL PRODUCTS is offering its ST450 MKII portable surround sound microphone system with an updated design that provides 3 dB gain steps and an increased gain ceiling of 42 dB.
AEQ will demonstrate its ConeXia intercom system based on the Kroma intercom master controller combined with an AEQ audio matrix. It handles up to 1024 x 1024 crosspoints. Also look for the Systel IP4 and IP12 talkshow and multi-conference systems (four or 12 depending on model) are built around a digital router and use lines from IP telephony systems.
Sony UWP-D wireless mic system
CLEAR-COM will debut its Eclipse HX Matrix Intercom, a four-wire, point-to-point communications platform for mid- to-large scale implementations. The company will also show its HelixNet Partyline digital network partyline intercom for small- to mid-size group communications, as well as its line of Tempest Wireless Intercoms, including the Tempest2400 and Tempest900 wireless intercoms that operate in the 2.4 GHz and 900 MHz band, respectively. Also on hand, the HME DX series wireless intercom and RS-700 series beltpacks.
EARTEC will feature its Comstar full duplex system that allows up to eight participants to converse simultaneously without transmit buttons or voice activation and is certified for worldwide nonlicensed use. Its all-in-one headset eliminates separate cables, beltpacks and external antennas. Also check out the UltraLite headset for Comstar's wireless full duplex system which allows crew members to converse simultaneously.
JK AUDIO will show its Interchange compact intercom phone bridge that enables remote access to a party-line intercom system with a four-wire audio interface and remote control connection to most JK Audio digital hybrids. Also look for the Outerloop wireless intercom belt pack which provides a link to 4-pin or 5-pin intercoms via Bluetooth.
Clear-Com Eclipse HX Matrix Intercom
QUANTUM5X SYSTEMS is launching its next-gen Agility 2.0 transmitter with a smaller form factor, improved companding flexibility and support for a wider range of mic elements.
RIEDEL plans to show its Artist virtual key panels that enable the use of smartphones and tablets (iOS, OSX, and Android) as control panels with any Artist digital matrix intercom system.
RTS is spotlighting its OMNEO open standard protocol that allows easy interfacing of various RTS and third-party devices over IP utilizing the Dante standards. Also check out RTS's newest version of the RP-1000 series intercom keypanels, now offering improved high-definition color displays and wider viewing angles.
SONIFEX will showcase its DHY-04G digital GSM hybrid that uses 2G/3G cellular connections. It has auto-sensing AES/ EBU or analog XLR I/O plus SNMP capabilities. The company will also show its CM-BH4W beltpack, a portable, battery powered four-wire comm unit for TV/radio applications, and the CM-BHA, a portable, battery powered headphone amplifier for live field applications.
YAMAHA will debut R Remote, a Windows-based PC standalone application that enables remote control of R Series Rio3224- D, Rio1608-D, and Ri8-D rack unit head amplifiers directly from a computer.
IZOTOPE will roll out its Insight Essential Metering Suite of audio analysis and metering tools for mixing and mastering. Also check out the company's Nectar 2 suite, a complete set of tools designed specifically for voice. iZotope is also planning to show its RX 3, an advanced audio repair software application that remedies noise, clipping, hum, buzz, crackles and more.
MINNETONKA AUDIO will showcase direct bidirectional connectivity with its AudioTools server through Telestream's AudioTools connector for Vantage transcoding and video automation. Also new is Movie Adaptation for Minnetonka's Audio Tools Server, which prepares high dynamic range film mixes for delivery on any platform. Also look for v3 of SurCode for Dolby Pro Logic II AAX with complete Dolby-certified decoding of up to eight audio channels with real-time loudness metrics.
DIGIMETRICS will show v2.5 of its AutoFix Audio Normalizer, which ensures distribution-ready (desktop, Apple, Adobe) compliance without substantial dynamic loss and guaranteed file playout.
LINEAR ACOUSTIC will introduce its new UPMAX v4 surroundfield controller that produces an upmix that is completely downmix compatible.
TC ELECTRONICS will spotlight its new UpCon AES which continuously monitors incoming audio and seamlessly cross-fades into a convincing 5.1 surround upconversion without interruption or added artifacts.
ACTUS DIGITAL will demonstrate fully integrated loudness compliance monitoring for the CALM Act, ATSC A/85 practice on the Actus platform.
COBALT DIGITAL will feature its Spotcheck loudness measurement tool with upgraded capabilities including H.264 video, AAC stereo audio and EBU R128 compliance.
DK-TECHNOLOGIES will show its new DK T7 Audio Meter, a high-precision, multitouch interface audio and loudness meter providing more integral features and functionality than any other audio meter on the market, according to the company.
EMOTION SYSTEMS will introduce its Emotion Engine software, which has been developed to deliver CALM loudness compliance within a suite of audio solutions designed to meet file-based media demands.
Nugen MultiMonitorNUGEN AUDIO will be demonstrating its MultiMonitor which offers up to 16 individual loudness and true-peak meters in mono, stereo, and 5.1 formats for up to 96 individual audio channels. The company is also planning to launch a new MXF file-handling option for its LMB loudness management batch processor that will allow direct analysis of audio within the MXF container.
RTW will be spotlighting its LQL (Loudness Quality Logger) software license that provides the export of measured loudness and TruePeak data via IP connection or USB flash drive; the SW20014 Logging Data Server license enables TM7, TMR7 or TM9 series meter compatibility.
TC ELECTRONICS will showcase its DB6 AES intelligent loudness management system that's now available with SDI as well as unbalanced AES I/O and software updates for its GPI functionality.
ACOUSTICAL SOLUTIONS will launch its next-gen, environmentally-friendly, 100 percent recyclable PolyPhon acoustical panels made from 60 percent PET-recycled polyester fiber and 40 percent PETvirgin fiber.
K-TEK will be showing off their new Zeppelin microphone windscreen product which features a design based on the company's award-winning Nautilus microphone suspension mount. Booth visitors will also want to check out the KBLT- 52 boom pole kit case that's intended for the transport and protection of K-Tek and other boom poles that collapse to 52 inches and less.
The latest product and technology information
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Steve Harvey began writing for Pro Sound News and Surround Professional in 2000 and is currently senior content producer for Mix and a contributor to TV Tech. He has worked in the pro audio industry—as a touring musician, in live production, installed sound, and equipment sales and marketing—since November 1980.


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Best Ride Ever / Worst Ride Ever
A Note from Fatty: Saturday, I went on a nice long road ride with Kenny — you know, the fast guy. By itself, this is not strange. What is strange is that Kenny was riding with me instead of doing a race he had planned on.
That, my friends, is unprecedented.
Kenny told me the story of how he pre-rode the course. It's an epic story, and not to be missed. So I bullied and begged him to write it up for my blog.
Enjoy, and be glad you weren't there with him. I know I'm glad I wasn't there.
Pre-Riding the Rim Ride Race
My best ride ever was my worst ride ever.
I love endurance mountain racing and I love Moab, so when I heard there was a new race starting in Moab this spring, I was very excited to go down and give it a shot. The race is called the Rim Ride. It's unsupported, it's free and it's ride at your own risk. To me, this sounds really cool.
Most of the course I had done already. It seemed like the organizer had put every sick ride in Moab into one giant loop. A general description would be; start at Lions park, head north up the old highway bike path, hook up with bar M trail, then the Sovereign trail, cross over highway 191 to the Monitor Marimac and 7 mile trail, continue up the dead horse point road to the upper Gemini bridges trail, down to hidden canyon metal masher trail, back to Gemini bridges road loop around to the back side of the gold bar rim trail, then follow the golden spike trail to the portal, descend on the poison spider trail to the potash road and back to Lions park. It's about 90 miles. I figured that I could complete it in about 8 or 9 hours.
Big Mistake.
I thought that I could do the ride with a camel back and two water bottles.
Another Big Mistake.
I've been riding a 34-18 on the single and I couldn't recall a lot of climbing on this course. That gear should be fine.
Strike Three Big Mistake.
I asked a few buddies to come preride this course with me. When no one could, I was actually somewhat excited to tackle this adventure by myself. I took the back seats out of my FJ, threw in my blow-up mattress, a few camping supplies and headed out for Moab late Friday night for Kenny's Big Adventure.
Earlier in the week I had a cracked tooth prepped for a crown and it was causing me some pain. I didn't sleep all that well, so when my alarm went off at 6:00 to start the ride, I decided to give myself a little more sleep. After all, the ride should only take me 8 or 9 hours. I got up around 8, made myself some French pressed coffee and some instant oatmeal. I was on the bike by about 8:30 with my map, trail description, ipod, a sandwich in my camel back and a whole bunch of gels.
First Blood
I felt really good for the majority of this ride. At the beginning, I was pleasantly surprised to see that the trail was marked pretty well with blue tape at all the major intersections. I could occasionally feel my tooth throbbing with the beat of my heart, but it wasn't painful. It was nice to have my mind off it. I wedged my front wheel into a technical drop and found myself flying over the handlebars and down the side hill into some nasty rocks.
I picked myself up pretty fast and gave myself a once over. I had a big gash on my knee, but it was only superficial. My hands were scratched up and a little bruised. I put some gloves on, thinking that I should have been wearing gloves in the first place. I made sure that my bike was fine and that I still had both water bottles and my bike computer intact. I remember thinking, "I can still take a pretty good fall for an old dude with osteoporosis."
I started making pretty good progress. I passed some groups of riders that were stopped at some big climbs taking turns doing moves. Hey, I can do moves, but not today. Today is not for playing on moves. I waved politely and kept riding.
I had done the sovereign trail years ago, but I must not have done all of it. It was much bigger than I remember. By the time I crossed the 191 highway to the Monitor Marimac road, three hours had passed. Mmm, that was only 21 miles in three hours. Wow, I was only averaging about 7 miles an hour. This ride might take me a little longer than I thought. I'll just pick it up a bit.
The road was good and I made up some time, but once I hit the 7 mile trail, it was really climby, technical and sandy. Rolling past the two giant rock formations named after the famous battleships was surreal. That's about when my ipod quit, four hours is about all I can expect.
I descended down a large slick rock section called wipe out hill and found I was hiking more than riding the next 3 miles to the Canyonlands highway. By the time I got to the Gemini Bridges road, I was still feeling pretty good. I was having a lot of fun. I had done half the ride in about 5 ½ hours, but I'd used up about all of my water.
I stopped at the first camp site that I saw to bum some water. Not expecting any company the skinny old man from Washington in nothing but his red tighty briefs, seemed startled to see me. He was happy to give me water and commented that they don't have any sand where he comes from. I only filled my camel back thanked him and took off. I was starting to think that I was going to cut it close to dark if I didn't hurry.
Ominous Foreshadowing
The next couple of hours were splendid. The temperature was perfect. The trail was perfect. My bike was perfect. The views were more than perfect. As I was getting close to the Gold bar rim trail, I began to calculate the day light with miles left to ride. The sun was getting pretty low. My shadow seemed to be growing longer by the minute.
I was excited to be riding Gold bar. It was the most familiar trail I'd been on all day. I stopped and filled a water bottle from a guy who was setting up camp, by the big 4 ft drop. He asked if I had a pump. He needed some air in his tire. "You can't do without water.†He said.
"Or air,†I said, as I started the first big climb of the evening.
I had done this trail at least ten times, but I never remember struggling up that first pitch. I had to get off the bike and hike a good part of it. That's when it dawned on me. Man, I'm cooked. This would have been the perfect opportunity to bail on the ride.
I kept going. I was determined to finish the ride.
The Wall
I ate a gel, drank some water and got back on the bike. Hitting the wall is a great way to explain how I felt. One minute I was great. The next I had nothing left in the tank.
I was OK as long as the trail stayed level. As soon as it started to climb I would feel nauseated. I knew that I had to keep rolling or I would never get out before dark. By the time I reached the rim the sun was setting. It was so beautiful, but also nerve racking at the same time.
At this point I knew that I didn't have enough time to drop down the Poison Spider Mesa trail. I had a new plan. The Portal Trail was a 3 mile descent down from the mesa to the Potash road.
The problem with this plan was people die on the portal trail. The trail is very exposed and dangerous. I had been down it many times, so at the very least I was familiar with the parts of the trail where people have died.
The problem I was having was I could hardly see the painted dots on the slick rock to follow the single track. If I lost those dots, I was for sure going to be stuck on top of the mesa overnight.
My predicament was becoming worse by the minute. At one point I lost the dots entirely. I put my bike down and ran in a circle with my head low to the ground. It took me a couple of precious minutes to find the trail and be back on my way. Finally things were beginning to look familiar. I had made it to the top of the portal trail.
I could look down off the mesa and see the lights of Moab. I could pinpoint almost exactly where my car was parked. It seemed so close. In daylight I could be there in about a half an hour.
In the state I was in, I was unsure that I would even make it to the car before morning.
At the top of the portal trail I took out my phone and checked if I had a signal and took note of the time. I had a signal and it was 8:30. I had now been on the bike for 12 hours straight. I considered calling my wife and letting her know of my situation, but I didn't want to worry her. I figured that I had a signal and it was comforting to know that if things became worse that I would be able to contact someone.
The first part of the portal trail is a gradual descent with 500 ft cliffs off the left side. I could see surprisingly well at the beginning. I suppose that it was from the reflecting lights from the city of Moab. I rode up until I got to the signs that indicate how many people have died on this trail. I could only make out the square shapes of the signs as I clumsily hiked past, but I knew what the signs say: "Dismount your bike! 4 people have died on this section of trail.â€
I would hike the rest of the way.
As I got further down the trail it became darker. I could no longer see anything more than a couple of feet in front of me. Every so often, I had to open my phone and use the LED screen to try and find the trail again.
I fell about 6 times, either tripping or slipping on the sand stone with my bike shoe cleats. One time, I stepped forward, the rock gave away and I tumbled face first down a four foot drop with my bike falling on top of me. I wasn't hurt, but I just laid there for a couple minutes, not knowing whether to laugh or cry.
I wanted to call someone and tell them to come get me, but I kept thinking of people watching the 5 o'clock news and hearing about the ill prepared idiot mountain biker who rode all day by himself, and had to be hauled out by the search and rescue.
I was not going to be that guy.
Well, actually I was that guy, but I got myself into this situation and I was going to do everything I could to get myself out.
My plan was working. I was making progress down the trail. I could see the lights of cars down on the potash road and they were getting closer. I figure it took me about an hour and a half to hike the three mile portal trail in the dark.
I had made it to the road, but I was still about 5 miles from my car. I was totally exhausted, completely dehydrated and starting to get the shakes. My plan was to thumb a ride, but there were no cars.
I spent 5 minutes getting on my arm warmers and another jersey and started pedaling. I just tried to keep my wheel on the white line. Those last miles, though very hard, seemed to roll by fairly fast. As I was crossing the Colorado River and approaching the Lions Park, where my car was, my phone rang. I knew it was my wife, but all I wanted to do was get to the car.
Finally, I was there. I drank as much as I could without feeling sick, crawled onto my air bed, called my wife and tried to explain myself. I laid there, shaking, for about an hour: half asleep, half awake.
Then I drove to a nearby spring, took a bath, drove back to the park and slept like a baby until 10 the next morning.


text:
P.S. I ♥ Peas
Ever since I was a child, I remember falling in love with flowers. My first flower memory was being intrigued by the blooms of Bleeding Heart (Dicentra). Love of nature and art led me into pursuing a degree in horticulture & landscape design. For 15+ years, I worked for different wholesale companies including Proven Winners, Spring Meadow Nursery (Proven Winners ColorChoice Flowering Shrubs) and Zelenka Nursery. Then in 2013, I started my own business Flora & Fauna Media, which specializes in public relations outreach from social media to media publications. Now, I am focusing on being a Stay-At-Home mom and my writing career. I garden on less than an acre of property near Seattle, Washington. Making the most of my space was extremely important to efficiency, which led to removing lots of grass. Now, our property is a sanctuary filled with fruits (blueberries, apples, strawberries, raspberries, cantaloupe, fig and huckleberries), vegetables (kale, beets, peas, tomatoes, squash, potatoes, cardoon, zucchini, green beans, peppers, tomatillos and sorrel) and herbs (rosemary, chives, thyme, mint, oregano, lemon verbena, pineapple sage and sage). Growing our own food is an important mission to me and with a young child teaching is valuable knowledge to pass down generation after generation . If you teach a man to garden, he will eat for life! My husband and I love to cook together. We find new recipes and try them weekly. Wildcrafting has become a fun additional to this pastime. Harvesting stinging nettles or dandelions and making them into something that is edible and delicious is so rewarding.
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Tag Archives: Marigolds
Interview with Growing Heirloom Flowers Author – Chris McLaughlin
Chris and I have known each other for several years, but I was trying to pinpoint how exactly we meet. I believe it was when I was working for Proven Winners as their Public Relations & Marketing Coordinator. Then when … Continue reading
Posted in Book Reviews, Flower crafts, Garden Tagged Baker Acres, Book, Book Review, Breck's, Chris McLaughlin, garden, Garden Book, Garden Book Review, gardening, heirloom, heirloom flowers, Lavender, Marigolds, Peony, Poppy, Proven Winners, Renee's Gardens, Zinnia 4 Comments


text:
WASHINGTON — Defense Secretary Leon Panetta said Wednesday he has ordered all branches of the military to conduct an extensive review of mental health diagnoses amid criticism of how the services treat the men and women suffering the invisible wounds of the long wars in Iraq and Afghanistan.
Under questioning from a Senate panel on Wednesday, Panetta disclosed that he had asked the Air Force and Navy, which includes the Marine Corps, to follow the lead of the Army in launching an independent study of how it evaluates soldiers with possible post-traumatic stress disorder. Panetta's answer marked the first time that the Pentagon chief had said publicly that he had requested the review by all the services.
The Army review was prompted in part by reports that the forensic psychiatry unit at Madigan Army Medical Center at Joint Base Lewis-McChord in Washington state may have reversed PTSD diagnoses based on the expense of providing care and benefits to members of the military. In recent years, the number of PTSD and traumatic brain injury cases has increased significantly as the Iraq war drew to a close after nearly a decade and the Afghanistan conflict enters its second decade.
At the Senate hearing, Democratic Sen. Patty Murray of Washington state reminded Panetta that the Army was conducting a sweeping review and asked why the Defense Department had not taken the lead.
"Senator, we are. What I've asked is the other service chiefs to implement the same approach that the Army's taken here," Panetta responded.
The Pentagon chief said he was not satisfied with the military's handling of the cases and promised it would do better.
"There are still huge gaps in terms of the differences in terms of how they approach these cases and how they diagnose the cases and how they deal with them, and frankly, that's a whole area we have to do much better on," Panetta said.
The Pentagon has asked Jonathan Woodson, the assistant secretary of defense for health affairs, to oversee the review. The study will cover mental health diagnoses dating to 2001.
Murray described the pain of talking to a soldier who was diagnosed with PTSD.
"His family was working with him, and then when he went to the disability evaluation system, was told he was a liar or malingerer. He was taken out of it and he went out in the civilian world not being treated. That's a horrendous offense," said Murray, a member of the Appropriations Committee who also heads the Veterans Affairs Committee.
Earlier this year, Murray said that more than 40 percent of the cases since 2007 that involved candidates for retirement had been overturned. She said that of the 1,680 patients screened at Madigan, more than 690 had been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder. The psychiatric team there reversed more than 290 of those diagnoses.
Murray said last month that more than 100 service members had their PTSD diagnosis returned after a review at the facility at Madigan.
The Army review, which will serve as the model for the other services, will examine how well soldiers can participate in the system that assesses their ability to receive medical retirements, including whether the appeal process is adequate and whether any nonmedical factors may affect the diagnosis.
The Army inspector general also is trying to determine if psychiatrists overturn PTSD diagnoses to save money. The evaluations are the key first step in determining soldiers' disability benefits.
Earlier this year, the case of a U.S. soldier suspected of killed 16 Afghan civilians brought fresh attention to the strains of war and how it affects members of the military.
Associated Press writer Lolita C. Baldor contributed to this report.


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Table of Contents
Yes, Blue Hens, Your Reeducation Is Mandatory
At the University of Delaware (UD), as we announced in our press release today, reeducation in the residence halls is mandatory. As a freshman, unless you live at home, you must live in one of these dormitories-cum-reeducation camps. (1) Public and internal documents alike stress time and again that "every student" must be reached. As an RA says about one-on-one sessions, "Not to scare anyone or anything, but these are MANDATORY!!" (2) The philosophy of the program is defined explicitly as being distinct from that of the "voluntary" program model. (3) RAs "deliver" the "curriculum" at mandatory meetings. (4) For other meetings and one-on-one sessions, RAs email residents, sometimes multiple times, to insist that these training sessions are mandatory. Students are pressured to make up sessions that they miss. (5) The entire residence hall environment is manipulated so that students cannot avoid persistent exposure to the university's approved messages. (See below for the reason I numbered these aspects of the program.)
Two central premises of the reeducation program, first, that students are in need of "treatment" (UD's own words) for their incorrect values, beliefs, and attitudes, and second, the educational premise that learning consists of such changes in values, attitudes, and behaviors, are inconsistent with freedom of conscience as well as truly voluntary participation in the program. There is no way to run this program that would make it truly voluntary, and here's why:
(1) The entire curriculum is rife with the language of "students will," "students must," "each student will," and so on. In fact, the major "competencies" are characteristics that are supposed to be developed by "each student." At the Christiana Towers, for instance, students apparently will become environmentalists and social change agents by their senior year:
Sophomores, juniors, and seniors will participate in monthly community meetings that are designed to provide knowledge about contemporary global issues and prompt action. For example, students will evaluate their consumption patterns in an attempt to reduce it apartment by apartment. Furthermore, students will be asked in the floor meeting setting to choose a project for change.
At Dickinson in the spring, "Each student would be asked to make a commitment to reduce their [ecological] footprint by at least 20% before the next one on one meeting." At the Christiana Towers complex, among the Junior Learning Outcomes are that "Each student will act on the internal belief that societal problems are everyone's responsibility." (Sources: Sendy E. Guerrier, "Dickinson Complex Curriculum"; Dena Kniess, "Christiana Towers Complex Curriculum.")
(2) "Every student" approach. UD prides itself on the mandatory nature of the curriculum. UD advertises its apparently proprietary, "unique" approach as distinct from the "program model," which relies only on "voluntary attendance." According to the Office of Residence Life Research Agenda, for instance, one aspect of assessment is that
A researcher must document that the treatment/intervention was faithfully applied (ex: specific lesson plans were delivered to every student, etc.) (Italics in original.)
It's bad enough that this is a "treatment/intervention" that must be delivered. But it's also a mandatory treatment that "requires a systemic change." See slide 18 of this PowerPoint presentation:
What Makes this a Distinctive Approach?
Truly based on a learning paradigm
Places educational responsibility in the hands of our experts
• Requires a systemic change—selection, training, symbolic messages…
• "Each Student…"
• Assessment
• Opportunities (Emphases added.) (Source: "UD: One Example," 2007 Residential Curriculum Institute)
(3) Meetings are mandatory. At the Dickinson complex, for instance,
All students are expected to be at community meetings. This ensures that lesson plans are delivered to each and every student. (Source: "Dickinson Complex Curriculum.")
(4) One-on-one sessions with RAs are mandatory (RAs are vying for awards based in part on how much attendance they can muster). One RA named Mahsa wrote to her students:
Every semester we are required to hold a 1-on-1 session. This gives us, the RA's, a chance to know how everyone's doing and where everyone stands on certain issues or topics. Not to scare anyone or anything, but these are MANDATORY!!
Another, named Lindsay, wrote:
I just wanted to remind you all that floor meetings ARE mandatory. While I am a very understanding person, there is NO WAY that HALF of you weren't able to make it last night. Also, NONE of you e-mailed me about prior commitments. While I hate to do this, I'm going to have to set some ground rules:
—COME to the floor meetings and PARTICIPATE! There is ALWAYS something new to learn, and the more everyone shares their own experiences, the more opportunities there are for everyone else to learn.
—If you can't come, E-MAIL me. I will let you know when the other RA's are holding their floor meetings so that you can catch up then. If none of those options works, then we'll set up a time during office hours to go over the material.
—The content is IMPORTANT! Here at the University of Delaware, living in the residence halls is a Living-Learning Experience, meaning that you'll learn just as much, if not MORE, in the residence halls. Like it or not, you all are the future Leaders, and the world is Diverse, so learning to Embrace and Appreciate that diversity is ESSENTIAL.
SO, the make-up times for this past meeting are tonight at 8:00 and Wednesday at 9:00 (1st and 4th floors). If you can't make either, I'm on duty Friday night so I can facilitate it at 7:30 on Friday if necessary.
Hopefully all of you can recognize that the one hour commitment once every couple of weeks is not a lot to ask, so please be respectful to myself, yourself, and the floor by making the effort in regards to floor meetings. Thank you!
PS. Sorry for the serious e-mail here, but it was totally necessary. Have a GREAT week and good-luck on finals!
Another, named Marianna, wrote:
If for any reason you feel that you can't come to your next floor meeting, don't worry and, please, notify your RA in advance.
1) You can attend floor meeting with another floor—which can be earlier or later than your own floor's meeting (ask your RA or HD when they take place).
2) If you can't make it for any of the meetings, please, contact your RA to schedule a time and cover with her topics mentioned during the meeting (probably, during her office hours or any other time convenient for you).
3) If your RA don't have time at the moment, feel free to email me, and we'll discuss your concerns!
Thanks, and have a good time on your floor!
(5) Comprehensive manipulation of the residence hall environment. At the Rodney complex, for instance,
It is vitally important that the environment is one which does not allow students to passively miss what is occurring. Students should be confronted with this information at every turn and understand the interconnectedness of everything that is presented to them. This is one of the benefits inherent in working in the residence hall environment, the numerous points of contact. The environment is rich with opportunities to let students know what we consider important and leave a mental footprint on their consciousness. (Emphasis added.) (Source: Sendy E. Guerrier and Licinia B. Kaliher, "Rodney Complex Curriculum.")
I feel terrible for the students at Rodney whose brains are metaphorically being stepped on, maybe metaphorically kicked, until they get the message. This is not a voluntary program. It is a massive thought-reform project, and it must be completely dismantled.
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Revised: Read Updated Version
- Are Chickens Allowed in Phoenix: Yes
- Max Chickens Allowed: 20
- Roosters Allowed: No
- Permit Required: No
- Coop Restrictions: 80 feet from residence-ZONING ORDINANCES APPLY
Sec. 8-7. Poultry and rodents.
(a) Except as otherwise provided in the article, it is hereby declared to be a nuisance and it shall be unlawful for any person to keep rodents or poultry within the City. No poultry or rodents shall be kept in an enclosure within eight feet of any residence within the City. Poultry may be kept within eighty feet of a residence if written permission consenting to the keeping of poultry less than eighty feet from a residence is first obtained from each lawful occupant and each lawful owner of such residence. Poultry shall not be kept in the front yard area of any lot or parcel with the City. Poultry and rodents shall be kept in an enclosure so constructed as to prevent such poultry and rodents from wandering upon property belonging to others.
(b) No more than twenty head of poultry nor more than twenty-five head of rodents nor more than twenty-five head comprising a combination of rodents and poultry shall be kept upon the first one-half acre or less. An additional one-half acre shall be required for each additional twenty head of poultry or for each additional twenty-five head of rodents or for each additional twenty-five head comprising a combination of poultry and rodents. For areas larger than two and one-half acres the number of poultry or rodents shall not be limited.
(c) No male poultry shall be kept within the City limits except such male poultry as are incapable of making vocal noises which disturb the peace, comfort, or health of any person residing within the City.
(d) All such enclosures shall be kept in such condition that no offensive, disagreeable, or noxious smell or odor shall arise therefrom to the injury, annoyance, or inconvenience of any inhabitant of the neighborhood thereof.


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Factsheet: IFRS 16 Leases standard has been saved
Factsheet: IFRS 16 Leases standard
ME PoV Summer 2016 issue
IFRS 16 Leases is applicable to lessees and lessors for years commencing on, or after, 1 January 2019. What are the accounting and potential business impacts relating to this standard?
IFRS 16 Leases establishes principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases, with the objective of ensuring that lessees and lessors provide relevant information that faithfully represents those transactions. Most companies use leases to obtain access to an asset and consequently will be affected by the adoption of this standard.
Understanding the accounting impacts of this standard.
Lessees will be required to recognize a right of use asset and a lease liability. The lease liability will be recognized at the present value of the future minimum lease payments while the right of use asset will be recognized at this amount plus any initial direct costs incurred by the lessee.
The right of use asset will subsequently be measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment. Depreciation will be provided either over the term of the lease or the useful life of the asset, whichever is shorter. The lease liability will be reduced by the capital portion of the payments made in terms of the lease.
It is worth noting that two optional exemptions to these requirements exist:
- leases with a term of less than 12 months and containing no purchases options; this election is made by class of underlying asset;
- leases where the underlying asset has a low value when new; this election can be made on a case by case basis. The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in the Basis for Conclusions of the Standard has stated that a low value would be under US$5,000.
The overall impact on the earnings of lessees will be an increase in Earnings Before Interest, Taxation, Depreciation and Amortization (EBITDA) and an increase in Operating Profit and Finance Costs. The impact on profit before taxation is not expected to be large for companies that hold a portfolio of leases that are constantly being renewed but could increase or decrease for companies which hold few leases, depending on where in the lifecycle of each lease the company is at a given point in time.
The accounting requirements for lessors remain largely unchanged from the requirements contained within IAS 17 Leases as well as the SOCPA (Saudi Organization for Certified Public Accountants) standard on leases. Consequently, the situation will arise where the same asset is recorded on the balance sheets of both lessors and lessees.
So these are the accounting requirements; what are the potential business impacts?
The potential business impacts for lessees are both internal and external.
- The accounting treatment described previously will result in lessees putting assets and liabilities on their balance sheet, which were previously not recorded. This may result in loan covenants with their lenders being breached without any change in the underlying fundamental aspects of the business. Lessees will need to discuss the impact of this standard with their lenders. It is however expected that lenders will adjust debt covenants in a manner which will differentiate mere accounting policy changes from true economic changes of the business.
- Staff remuneration schemes that are dependent on the level of earnings will need to be adjusted to absorb the impact of the adoption of this standard into account.
- Entities will need to compile a detailed register of all existing leases in order to extract the data relevant to comply with IFRS 16, such as lease payments and lease terms. It is expected that lessees will have at least some of this information available already given the need to disclose operating lease commitments under the accounting standards in place currently.
- Entities with large volumes of leases, for example retailers, will need to consider the need for an IT system in order to automate much of the accounting. While it is possible to use spreadsheets to perform the necessary calculations, it does increase the risk of error.
- Entities wishing to make use of the optional exemptions for low value and short-term leases will need to devise a system for identifying these and accounting for them on a straight-line basis. Entities may consider renegotiating their leases in order to make them for a period of less than 12 months.
- Entities may choose to purchase assets as opposed to leasing them in order to avoid putting debt on the balance sheet.
There are fewer business impacts for lessors, given that the accounting requirements remain largely unchanged. These impacts are likely to be more negative than positive in that lessees may choose to either purchase assets as opposed to leasing them, or may choose to ask for shorter-term leases, which will impact the business risk of lessors in that it will jeopardize their future income stream. It should be noted that the mere adoption of this standard will not in itself increase or decrease the demand for assets but may have an impact on the overall leasing market.
The costs for lessees associated with implementing the new standard will vary according to the number of leases in existence, the extent to which the required information is readily available, the level of education required to be given to accounting staff and the existing systems currently in place. The International Accounting Standards Board expects that the costs required to apply IFRS 16 on an ongoing basis will be slightly higher than to apply the current leasing standard.
Advantages of the new leasing standard.
The IASB has identified the following advantages of the new leasing standard:
- A better presentation of the company's financial leverage and capital employed.
- A reduced need for investors and analysts to make adjustments to reported financial information of lessees to take into account the impact of offbalance sheet leases.
- Improved comparability between those companies that lease assets and those companies that buy assets.
The adoption of the new leasing standard could have a significant impact on lessees, both accounting- and business related. Lessors could face an increased business risk resulting from the adoption of the leasing standard; while investors will have access to better information and thus be able to make better investment decisions.
The ability to properly compare companies that are in a similar line of business but have a different asset acquisition model will be greatly enhanced. Companies that have very few, but material leases–for example a lease of a large building–will experience greater volatility in their income statement as a result of the finance charges for the lease being disproportionately charged to the income statement in the earlier years of the lease and will therefore be resistant to this change. The IASB is to be commended for being pragmatic about the treatment of smaller and short-term leases and allowing for exemptions as discussed above.
By Steven Harmer, Director, Audit, Deloitte, Saudi Arabia


text:
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text:
"Evidence of what?" might reasonably be a reader's first question, heading into this volume that is not quite a novel, not quite a collection of individual stories, but instead an assortment of incidents in the unsettled (and unsettling) life of Kostandin Bitri, described in the jacket blurb as "a wanderer uprooted by war." Each incident teases and disturbs with what it leaves out as much as what it includes (and some of them include elements that are, in fact, quite disturbing). They are not presented in chronological order, and the continuities between them are primarily of tone: Kostandin narrates in a flat, expository tone, like someone who has seen and done so much that he can no longer be surprised or deeply moved. And yet the content, the action, often turns on surprising and moving moments of connection–or, even more often, failed connection. Unlikely meetings become fragments of unsustainable relationships. People want or expect too much of each other, or of themselves; they cling to hope, they ask for help, but they receive or extend pain and disappointment.
Kostandin's specific history is offered in fragments throughout the volume. "You're from one of those countries over there that used to be part of Yugoslavia. I'm right, aren't I?" asks one of his employers, and Kostandin opts "to let him think what he wanted about where I was from"; later he tells the members of a group counselling session about the "tribal" customs of his home country; an orphan, he eventually returns to seek the remains of his parents in a mass grave for which Communists are blamed. Even if we trust what he tells us, the details are left just vague enough that Kostandin's stories seem to be about trauma, loss, and betrayal as ongoing conditions of human life rather than attempts to render, literally, the effects of historically specific events. Kostandin himself is sometimes victim, sometimes criminal. His world does not allow for heroism; in it, also, acts of generosity, including his own, lead nowhere in particular. There is evil, or at least cruelty. In one episode, Kostandin awakes in the hospital, badly injured; he is unable to recall what happened, and the absence of an explanation seems to epitomize the meaninglessness of the damage people inflict on each other, and the larger mystery of human motives–a mystery that cannot, after all, be solved but for which each of this strange episodes is partial, oblique evidence.
Throughout, the language is precise and controlled; details of colour and sound, rooms and personalities, emerge in sharp focus. Emotive language proves redundant, or at least optional. The situations Colford conjures for us through Kostandin's almost clinically detached observations speak eloquently enough of strain and yearning, love and failure. The stories end rather than conclude or resolve. Perhaps because of the many questions they leave unanswered, they linger, uncomfortably, hauntingly, in the mind.


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I used this free dragon pattern from Heavens Hellcat (though I altered the pattern for the wings a bit). She has lots of other adorable fantasy-inspired amigurumi patterns for sale from her Etsy shop, including a large collection of really cute Star Wars characters.
For fellow crocheters: I found this pattern easier to follow than most, even though it was written differently than others I've seen (it allowed for more variation and decision-making on my part, rather than producing a cookie-cutter version each time). Also, while I found this a bit frustrating at times, the pattern has lots of little details built in to provide realism to the final product. I'm glad I took the time to complete all of the details, because I think they really made the dragon.
I was able to make the dragon out of some leftover yarn scraps and other yarn that I wasn't using for any other projects, so it was a very economical little critter to create. (For instance, you may be able to recognize the eye yarn from Daniel's baby afghan.) I also added a pipe cleaner during the tail construction, so now it's a bit more bendable and pose-able.
I took a lot of photos during the process, so here are a few of those:
|Head and neck
|Yum, yarn!
|Working on the body/belly
|Adding some tail dexterity
|My cuddly helper (I'm working on a leg.)
|Almost finished with the wing. (I love the little claws!)
|I already attached the ears, now the spikes.
|Next, the legs, complete with claws.
(I anchored them to each other through the body for stability,
so they can still pivot but they're securely attached.)
|The wings are attached next; I'm almost finished!
|Add some eyes, and we've got a whole dragon!
Fairies, dragons, magic, and more. Childhood is a fascinating time, filled magic around every corner. Check out what Families Create! participants created in April:
- Aunalise at My Sweet Potatoes shares with us the photographic tourshe went on with her children though the enchanted gardens in Photographic Tour Though the Enchanted Gardens and how her family made their very own Fairy Gardens.
- A submarine toothbrush holder was inspiration at Living Peacefully with Children. Mandy's children fantasized about what it would be like under the sea which she then put together with watercolors and framed for this Under the Sea Bathroom.
- Brenna at Almost All The Truth shares how her family made Where the Wild Things Are come to life by letting her little wild things make masks and star in their own A Wild Things Masked Rumpus!
- Amy at Anktangle created something very special to aide in imaginative fantasy play: a fierce but friendly Amigurumi Dragon!
- While Mandy at Living Peacefully with Children doesn't have her fantasy kitchen, she is making her simple kitchen work better. Check out her unused coat closet turned new Small Appliance Closet. Kitchen Shelves finally give a place to house some of the produce her family goes through. Homemade Chalkboards help keep her family organized while giving a place for children to explore their creativity.
- Galit Breen blogged about the magic of the tooth fairy and shared some ideas to use when it's time for your child's tooth fairy to make an appearance in What Do You Do When The Tooth Fairy Comes?
- Learn how to make some of the Gnome Homes for Rent that Auna at My Sweet Potatoes made for your own backyard and maybe you will soon have a village of Gnomes. Then read as she shares how to make Fairy Butter, a great snack for all the fairies/gnomes in your life.
- No set would be complete at Living Peacefully with Children without a Harry Potter themed I-Spy set.


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It is part of a legal bid spearheaded by the activist Peter Tatchell called the Equal Love campaign, which aims to redress the imbalance between heterosexual and homosexual partnership rights.
Katherine and Tom will be one of four straight couples who will apply for civil partnerships. As part of the same process, four sets of same-sex couples will attempt to sign up for marriages.
Working on the assumption that all eight will have their bids rejected – an earlier attempt by Katherine and Tom to register for a partnership failed in 2009 – Equal Love plans to launch a legal challenge on the basis of human rights legislation.
Thanks, CR!


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International Biomass Conference & Expo
International Biomass Conference & Expo unites current and future producers of biomass-derived power, fuels and chemicals with waste generators, energy crop growers, municipal leaders, utility executives, technology providers, equipment manufacturers, project developers, investors and policy makers.
International Biomass Conference & Expo is being held at the Cobb Galleria Centre in Atlanta, Georgia held on April 16-18, 2018. BBI International expects up to 1,000 attendees and more than 120 exhibitors.
Biomass power is the use of biomass to generate electricity. These technologies include direct firing, cofiring, gasification, anaerobic digestion and other technologies. While many biomass power plants today use direct-fired systems, more advanced approaches—many including combined heat and power—are being deployed worldwide. In combined heat and power (CHP) systems, for example, a power plant's spent steam is also used for manufacturing processes and/or building heat, boosting the overall efficiency of the system.


text: Heart: The muscle that pumps blood received from veins into arteries throughout the body. The heart is positioned in the chest behind the sternum (breastbone); in front of the trachea, esophagus, and aorta; and above the diaphragm. A normal heart is about the size of a closed fist and weighs about 298 grams or 10.5 ounces. It is cone-shaped, with the point of the cone pointing down to the left. Two-thirds of the heart lies in the left side of the chest, with the balance in the right side of the chest. The heart is composed of specialized cardiac muscle, and it is four-chambered, with a right atrium and ventricle, and an anatomically separate left atrium and ventricle. The blood flows from the systemic veins into the right atrium, thence to the right ventricle, from which it is pumped to the lungs and then returned into the left atrium, thence to the left ventricle, from which it is driven into the systemic arteries. The heart is thus functionally composed of two hearts: the right heart and the left heart. The right heart consists of the right atrium, which receives deoxygenated blood from the body, and the right ventricle, which pumps the deoxygenated blood to the lungs under low pressure; and the left heart, which consists of the left atrium, which receives oxygenated blood from the lung, and the left ventricle, which pumps the oxygenated blood out to the body under high pressure.


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The following is an edited and revised version of an article which was originally posted on October 18, 2010 – under the title "Crime And Punishment In The Internet Age".
I'm a bit of an amateur historian, and I find accounts of daily life in bygone days fascinating – most particularly, aspects of crime and punishment. If you're wondering why crime and punishment, it's simply this – hidden in this type of accounting, one can generally find the unvarnished historical truth of social conditions of the time.
Naturally enough, I'm a big fan of The Proceedings of the Old Bailey, 1674-1913, web site – "A fully searchable edition of the largest body of texts detailing the lives of non-elite people ever published, containing 197,745 criminal trials held at London's central criminal court."
This is quite an amazing site, and each transcript lays out, by and large, not only the techniques employed to apprehend criminals (from the 1600's through to the early 1900's), but an accounting of the trial testimony, and the punishment handed down on conviction.
For a bit of perspective on the past, checkout the Old Bailey site using your own family name. You never know – you might just find a forgotten relative.
Additional resources available:
What was it like to live in the first million person city in modern Western Europe? Crime, poverty, and illness; apprenticeship, work, politics and money; how people voted, lived and died; all this and more can be found in these documents.
Biographies of Executed Criminals, 1676-1772
The website includes the texts of all known surviving Ordinary of Newgate's Accounts. These richly detailed narratives of the lives and deaths of convicts executed at Tyburn were published between 1676 and 1772.
For those of you who embrace the phrase "once it's on the Internet, it's out there forever", you might be surprised to see, that in fact – once "it's" been noted virtually anywhere, (even as far back as 17th century England), it's out there forever.
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