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'Pizzagate' shooting suspect to face federal charge
Welch's next scheduled appearance in court is Friday
Welch's next scheduled appearance in court is Friday
The man accused of entering a Washington D.C. pizzeria armed with a gun is facing a new federal charge.
Edgar Welch, 28, allegedly entered Comet Ping Pong to investigate a conspiracy theory that claimed the restaurant was harboring a child sex slave ring.
No one was injured despite reports that Welch was armed with an assault rifle, a .38 caliber revolver, a loaded shotgun and multiple rounds of ammunition, reported CNN.
After searching through the restaurant and finding nothing related to the conspiracy theory, Welch eventually surrendered.
CNN reported that a federal complaint filed shows Welch attempted to recruit others to help him, by texting this message, ""(r)aiding a pedo ring, possibly sacrificing (sic) the lives of a few for the lives of many."
Welch initially just faced local gun-related charges but the US attorney's office for the District of Columbia reportedly dropped the local charges and are expected to move forward with a federal charge for interstate transportation of a firearm with intent to commit an offense, which carries a statutory maximum of 10 years in prison, reported CNN.
Currently Welch will remain in custody and his next scheduled appearance in court is for Friday morning, according to CNN.


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Vocal Music
All classes in grades 1–5 receive 30 minutes of vocal music each week. Our vocal music teacher is assigned to our school for three days a week. Students learn about the elements of music through a varied program of direct experiences. Fourth and fifth graders are invited to join the afterschool chorus program. Chorus students perform a yearly musical as well as several community events.
Information coming soon!

subset: commoncrawl


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(CNN) -- Lynette "Squeaky" Fromme was released from federal custody Friday, a spokeswoman for the U.S. Bureau of Prisons said.
Lynnette "Squeaky" Fromme, left, appears in court in Los Angeles, California, in December 1969.
Fromme was convicted in 1975 of pointing a gun at then-President Gerald Ford in Sacramento, California.
She was released Friday morning from Federal Medical Center Carswell in Fort Worth, Texas, said Felicia Ponce, a spokeswoman for the U.S. Bureau of Prisons in Washington.
Fromme, a follower of Charles Manson, pointed a gun at Ford a year after he became president. Secret Service agents prevented her from firing; the gun was later found to have ammunition in it, but no bullet in the chamber.
In a 1987 interview with CNN affiliate WCHS, Fromme, then housed in West Virginia, recalled that the president "had his hands out and was waving ... and he looked like cardboard to me. But at the same time, I had ejected the bullet in my apartment and I used the gun as it was."
She said she knew Ford was in town and near her, "and I said, 'I gotta go and talk to him,' and then I thought, 'That's foolish. He's not going to stop and talk to you.' People have already shown you can lay blood in front of them and they're not, you know, they don't think anything of it. I said, 'Maybe I'll take the gun,' and I thought, 'I have to do this. This is the time.' "
She said it never occurred to her that she could wind up in prison.
Asked whether she had any regrets, Fromme said, "No. No, I don't. I feel it was fate." However, she said that she thought her incarceration was "unnecessary" and that she couldn't see herself repeating her offense.
"My argument to the jury was, if she wanted to kill him, she would have shot him," John Virga, a Sacramento attorney appointed to defend Fromme, told CNN recently.
"She'd been around guns. And let's be realistic: We know the Manson family, at least some of them, are killers." See more about Manson's followers »
Fromme was sentenced to life in prison, and parole was an option at the time, although the federal system later abolished it, Ponce said. Inmates do receive "good time" -- for every year and one day they serve, Ponce said, 54 days are lopped off their sentence.
All About Gerald Ford • U.S. Federal Bureau of Prisons • Charles Manson


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Minutes of the Metro Atlanta Chamber of Commerce dating from 1900 to 2012.
Mediumminutes, reports
CreatorAtlanta Chamber of Commerce (Atlanta, Ga.)
Date of Original1900/2012
SubjectBoards of trade--Georgia--Atlanta
LocationUnited States, Georgia, Fulton County, Atlanta, 33.749, -84.38798
DescriptionThe Metro Atlanta Chamber of Commerce is a private, independent organization founded in 1866 by local business leaders. Originally known as the Atlanta Board of Grade, the organization sought to lower freight rates for the region and to promote direct trade with European nations without having to ship to Northern ports. In 1893, the Chamber organized the Cotton States and International Exposition, which was held two years later at Piedmont Park. Alongside the Retail Merchants Association, the Chamber created the Southeastern Fair Association, which organized fairs from 1916 until 1933. In 1908, the Chamber raised $1.5 million dollars for sewage disposal, water works, and the creation of Grady Hospital, a crematory, and new public schools. In an effort to improve transportation, the Chamber raised money to construct the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA) in 1975,. The Atlanta Chamber of Commerce records contains over 40 linear feet of minutes; correspondence and memos; clippings, publications, pamphlets, and booklets; reports and plans; and scrapbooks. Over 28,000 pages of minute meetings, newsletters and reports are available in digital form. Digitization of this collection is made possible in part by a grant from the Metro Atlanta Chamber of Commerce.


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Here's what I really want to know: If our society has really taken a step forward for women, why do we keep insisting on taking our clothes off in photos for men? From Miley Cyrus, to Sarah Silverman half naked in a gorilla suit on the cover of Maxim, to practically any picture of Britney Spears, nudity sells.
If I was not sure of this concept when I started this column, I only have to look at the hits based solely on the title of my post. Stick the word "sex" in my title and I get more trolls than an Expedia.com commercial.
I'm not saying that nudity doesn't sell, even porn for that matter. "Sex is a natural function!" many would argue. So is wanting to chow down on two dozen Oreos in one sitting. But I manage to not only control my urges, but I don't need to watch 15 year olds lying about their age doing it on camera to enhance my eating pleasure. Just sayin'.
More From Good Housekeeping
I suppose my even bigger question is that if it's just so organic for women to get naked in front of a camera and moan with pleasure at some badly tanned fifty year old photographer cooing, "Make love to the lense" while he's secretly dreaming of schtupping Carlos the assistant designer, why aren't more men dropping trou?
When Jessica Simpson or Paris Hilton hump a car for residuals, are they really doing it just for the money? What about the reunion show they do at 45 where they convince themselves that they still look hot but the same photographer who shot the car commercial is selling photos to the Enquirer of their mid-life cellulite trauma?
Are women not allowed to age? Is our greatest hope to maintain perky breasts, get men off and then go to pasture pretending that's really what we planned all along? Meanwhile, at 45, those same women only have photos of their former selves, while men at 45 are hitting their prime and can go round two with women half their age.
This loop is nothing new. But if that's the case, why are women still repeating it? Why in this naked demonstration against bull fighting in Spain, are the women sans clothes (barring a stringy bikini bottom) while the dudes' men vegetables are covered in shorts? Are they afraid the bulls are hung more than they are?
For the record, I'm all for sex. I love that my husband gets schwing just looking at my breasts and would rather have sex with me than the 21 year old across the street. (Yeah, I know he's probably lying. But God love his loyalty.) But if my daughter ever posed like a cross between a Nightmare Before Christmas character and an Ashley twin with her hands over her non-existent breasts looking freaked out – like she just saw a Cheeseburger – I'd want to throw her in front of the Spanish cows. At last that bull crap is real.


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This time in orange, just because it looks happy.
I love to see what goes into a project. Just in case you do too, here are the pieces for this pouch.
Doesn't that make you want to sew?
Here's my first triple zip pouch, if you want to see. (Links to the tutorial and extra tips are in that earlier post!)


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This funny fitness shirt is for all of us with great butts and thighs cuz we know the importance of squats. We got squats so deep my butt can write poetry. This funny gym shirt is great for fans of fitness memes, squat shirts, and workout shirts.
Please Note: Sizes Are Approximate
Click Here to view the complete size guide for all product styles.


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Syndrome, post-polio (PPS): A constellation of symptoms and signs that appear from 20 to 40 years after the initial polio infection, and at least 10 years after what was thought to be recovery from polio It is estimated that 1.63 million Americans were struck by polio in the epidemics of the 1940's, 50's, and early 60's, and that 440,000 of the survivors suffer the effects of PPS.
The typical features of PPS include unaccustomed weakness, muscle fatigue (and sometimes central fatigue), pain, breathing and/or swallowing difficulties, sleep disorders, muscle twitching (fasciculations), and gastrointestinal problems. The muscle problems in PPS can occur in previously-affected muscles, or in muscles that were thought not to be affected at the onset of polio. The onset of PPS is usually gradual, but it is sometimes abrupt, with major loss of function suffered over several months or a couple of years. This process often seems to start after a physical or emotional trauma, an illness, or accident. Complications of PPS may include neuropathies, nerve entrapments, arthritis, scoliosis, osteoporosis and, sometimes, post- polio muscular atrophy (PPMA).
Diagnosis is made by history, by clinical findings, and by ruling out other diseases that may mimic PPS. There are no specific tests to provide unquestionable confirmation of the diagnosis of PPS. The general rule is that those who were most seriously affected by the virus at initial onset and made the best recovery come to suffer the worst PPS symptoms years later. No clearcut cause for PPS has been found. There is known to be a failure at the neuromuscular junction. One idea is that nerves and muscles that have had to overwork prematurely fail, but this is unproven. There is also known to be impairment in the production of certain hormones and neurotransmitters, but whether these changes are the cause of PPS or the effect of it is unknown.
Polio survivors tend to be hard-driving, type-A personalities, as compared to nondisabled control subjects-and the more driven polio survivors tend to have more PPS symptoms.
Treatment may include slowing down to conserve strength and energy. Musculoskeletal problems can sometimes be helped by antiinflammatory or pain medications, with or without surgical procedures.
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|Publisher name
|Long name
|Domark Ltd
|Birth year
|Year of death
Eidos Interactive UK,
Wimbledon Bridge House,
1 Hartfield Road,
London SW19 3RU,
[current address]
Domark Ltd,
Ferry House, Lacy Road,
London, SW15 1PR,
United Kingdom
[old address]
|Mother country
|United Kingdom
Established in 1984 by account managers Dominic Wheatley and Mark Strachan, whose given names derived the company name. The two worked in an advertising agency, where computers attracted their attention when they hatched a plan to attract a new corporate client- it was Commodore. They approached Commodore with the idea of bundling an adventure game with each of their computers, with the game having the added attraction of a £25,000 prize for the first person to solve the game. Presumably Commodore declined the offer, but Wheatley and Strachan forged ahead regardless. Domark solicited the services of fantasy author Ian Livingstone and released their first game in 1984- a text adventure for the C64 and Spectrum called EUREKA!. A £25,000 prize was offered to anyone who could solve the adventure before the end of 1985. The promotion proved successful and the prize was won by UK teenager Matthew Woodley.
Domark made the most of their small yet enterprising beginnings and published games for the next decade on all the major 8- and 16-bit formats. In 1995, Eidos Interactive was formed when Eidos plc acquired Domark, Simis and Big Red Software as a means to launch itself into the entertainment software market. In 1996, with the success of the Sony PlayStation imminent, Eidos plc acquired CentreGold plc (which included US Gold, Core Design and Centresoft). Despite massive growth in the late 90s, Eidos Interactive admitted in March 2005 that its cash reserves had dwindled to £11.9m during the second half of 2004 and pre-tax losses had grown to £29m. That same month, Eidos received a takeover bid from British games manufacturer SCi Entertainment. The takeover was finalised on 16 May 2005. Since the SCi takeover, the vast majority of the old Eidos management have been forced out.
|Also known as
|Sub companies
Tengen (Atari)
|Publisher logo
|This publisher page has been viewed : 349214 times
|no games were found for this request
|Coded by RCK of abime.net - Content © 1998-2023 HOL TEAM - Online amiga database © 2002-2023 HOL TEAM - Gen. in 0.04s


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AFP: Despite Hagel's impressive Vietnam War record, some Republicans insist his previous allegedly dovish position on Iran and supposedly lukewarm support for US-ally Israel disqualify him to be defense chief. By Michael Mathes
WASHINGTON (AFP) — The US Senate finally confirmed Chuck Hagel to be secretary of defense Tuesday, ending an acrimonious nominations process and handing President Barack Obama a boost as he fills his second-term cabinet.
After Hagel's bruising confirmation hearing and a 10-day delay thrown up by Republicans, Senators voted 58-41 to confirm the former Republican senator and decorated Vietnam War veteran to replace outgoing Pentagon chief Leon Panetta.
Hagel, 66, is likely to be sworn in on Wednesday.
Four Republicans — surprisingly including tea party-backed Senator Rand Paul — joined the majority Democrats in approving Hagel, compared with the 18 Republicans who had voted earlier in the day to overcome the blocking tactics and allow a full vote.
In an early reaction from the White House, press secretary Jay Carney said on Twitter that the confirmation is "great news for our men & women in uniform."
The nomination was held up by several Republicans' demands for information on Hagel's finances and transcripts of speeches that he gave to international organizations.
But some of his strongest critics, including Republican Senators Bob Corker, Lindsey Graham and John McCain, agreed to allow an up-or-down floor vote, even though all three eventually voted against Hagel's confirmation.
The outcome ended a politically charged saga that saw Hagel unsettled in congressional testimony when critics savaged his record on issues related to the Middle East.
He also survived a tense committee vote that saw him subjected to such harsh comments that fellow Vietnam veteran McCain warned fellow Republicans that they should not impugn the patriotism of "an honorable man."
Senate majority leader Harry Reid sounded relieved, but got in a few more digs at his opponents.
"Senator Hagel is the first nominee for secretary of defense to be filibustered in the history of the United States," Reid said.
"Politically motivated delays send a terrible signal to our allies and to the world," as well as to US troops serving in Afghanistan, Reid said. "For the sake of national security, it's time to set aside this partisanship."
Carl Levin, chair of the Senate Armed Services Committee, which had itself only approved Hagel after a tense party-line vote, said it was time to "end this uncertainty about this position."
"We need a secretary of defense," Levin said.
He and Reid argued that the delay could harm US military readiness and credibility at a time of tension in the Middle East, concern over Iran's nuclear ambitions, and North Korea's recent atomic test.
Compounding the problem is $85 billion in across-the-board spending cuts set to kick-in on Friday, a measure that would ravage many military programs and lead to furloughs of the Defense Department's 800,000 civilian workers.
Despite Hagel's impressive Vietnam War record, some Republicans insist his previous allegedly dovish position on Iran and supposedly lukewarm support for US-ally Israel disqualify him to be defense chief.
Senator Dan Coats warned America's implicit threat to take military action against Iran if it continues to seek nuclear weapons "will have virtually zero credibility if Senator Hagel becomes secretary of defense."
Although Hagel had a mostly conservative record as a senator, his Republican colleagues have never forgiven him for his outspoken criticism of president George W. Bush's handling of the Iraq war.
He called the administration's effort at the time "beyond pitiful" and when Bush planned a surge of additional troops in 2006, Hagel said it would be "the most dangerous foreign policy blunder in this country since Vietnam."
Hagel's confirmation will mark a double victory for Obama, whose pick for Treasury secretary, Jack Lew, passed the Senate Finance Committee despite some qualms about his reputation as a doctrinaire Democrat with ties to Wall Street.
The committee voted 19 to 5 in favor of Lew, Obama's former chief of staff and a budget director for then-president Bill Clinton.


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GSF's Premium Exclusive -Tiger Lily Mix Full Vase
GSF's Premium Exclusive-
Only found at GravesideFlowers.com Vase makes for a stunning visual display in any vase, whether viewed from up close or far away. If you want a cemetery flower arrangement that is second to none, this one is it!
This particular spray is made with over 24 Tiger Lilies bright silk mix! The flowers used to create this gorgeous vase are the highest quality you can find that will still hold up to the elements. As a matter of fact, they look so real, you'll want to smell them!
The 2 dozen plus silk flowers are complimented with a generous amount of greens and accent flowers to ensure the fullest possible look all the way around. Flowers can been seen from standing in any direction.
This arrangement is approximately 22 inches tall and 15 inches wide and is displayed in a plastic vase.
These beautiful vases are our own designs, and are hand made right here in the USA. Since they're individually hand made, there can be slight variances, but one thing that never varies is they are the highest quality possible.
*Click on the photos to enlarge them and get a closer look.
We recommend a Headstone Flower Arrangement Anchor to secure sprays to the stone. To learn more about this anchor, click here.
All arrangements are made with high quality, artificial silk flowers.


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A good sticky bun (and we're not talking about the mall variety) can be a transcendent experience, just ask our own Ed Levine, who had his mind blown by a roadside bun at Knaus Berry Farm in Homestead, Florida. It's pretty much impossible to read Ed's tale of this incredible sticky bun in the Serious Eats book without needing to try one out for yourself.
Fortunately for all of us who live outside of southern Florida, Kenji has created these Caramel Sticky Buns, tender, light (for a sticky bun, at least) and topped with gooey and glorious caramel. Oh, and there's even accounting for extra caramel sauce for on the side dipping. How's that for sticky bun foresight?
Adapted from Serious Eats: A Comprehensive Guide to Making and Eating Delicious Food Wherever You Are by Ed Levine and The Serious Eats Team. Copyright © 2011. Published by Clarkson Potter. Available wherever books are sold. All Rights Reserved
Recipe Facts
For the Dough:
6 tablespoons (3/4 stick) unsalted butter
1/2 cup full-fat yogurt, room temperature
2 large eggs, room temperature
1 packet (1/4 ounce) fast-rise yeast
1 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt
3 tablespoons (1 1/4 ounces) granulated sugar
3 cups (15 ounces) all-purpose flour, plus more for working
For the Filling:
1/2 cup (about 4 ounces) brown sugar, packed
2 teaspoons ground cinnamon
Kosher salt
2 tablespoons unsalted butter, melted
For the Caramel Sauce:
1/2 cup (1 stick) unsalted butter
1 cup (about 8 ounces) brown sugar, packed
1 (14-ounce) can sweetened condensed milk
1 tablespoon rum (optional)
1 cup (about 4 ounces) chopped toasted pecans
For the dough: In a large bowl, heat the butter in the microwave at medium power until it is just melted. Add the yogurt, eggs, yeast, kosher salt, and sugar and whisk until the ingredients are well combined. Add the flour and stir with a wooden spoon until the dough forms a ball. Transfer to the bowl of a standing mixer fitted with a dough hook attachment and knead on low speed for 10 minutes, adding flour as necessary until the dough just barely pulls away from the sides of the bowl. Transfer to a large greased bowl, cover with plastic wrap, and allow the dough to rise until doubled in volume, about 2 hours.
For the filling: Once the dough has risen, combine the brown sugar, cinnamon, and a pinch of salt in a medium bowl. Turn the dough out onto a floured surface. Roll the dough into an even 12 × 8-inch rectangle, with the long side facing you. Brush melted butter evenly over the surface, leaving a narrow border along the top long edge. Spread the cinnamon sugar evenly over the buttered area, using your hands to gently work it to the edges.
Starting at the bottom edge, roll the rectangle away from you into a tight cylinder 12 inches wide. Rest the cylinder seam side down and carefully even out the shape and square off the edges. Using a sharp knife, cut the -cylinder into three even pieces. Cut each piece into three more pieces to create nine buns total. Arrange the cut buns in a well-buttered 8 × 8-inch baking dish. Cover the dish tightly with plastic. (The dough can be refrigerated overnight at this point.) Allow the buns to rise at warm room temperature until they are puffy and pressed tightly against each other, about 2 hours.
While the buns are rising, adjust the oven rack to the lower middle position and preheat the oven to 350°F. Remove the plastic wrap from the dish and bake the buns until they are golden brown and puffy, about 30 minutes. Transfer the baking dish to a wire rack and let the buns cool for at least 10 minutes, while you make the sauce.
For the caramel sauce: Heat the butter and the brown sugar in a medium saucepan over medium heat, stirring occasionally until the mixture is bubbling and puffy, about 3 minutes. Whisk in the condensed milk. Simmer until the mixture is reduced to a thick saucelike consistency (the mixture should coat the back of a spoon easily). Whisk in the rum and pecans (if using).
Using a thin metal spatula, loosen the buns from the sides and turn them out of the dish (but do not separate them yet). Transfer them to a serving platter and spoon half of the caramel sauce evenly over them. Allow the sauce to soak in for about 10 minutes, then serve, pulling the buns apart with your fingers and serving extra caramel sauce on the side.
Note: The buns can be assembled the night before and placed in the refrigerator after arranging in their baking dish and wrapping with plastic. To bake the next day, allow the buns to rise at warm room temperature for 2 hours before baking as directed.
|Nutrition Facts (per serving)
|Nutrition Facts
|Servings: 9
|Amount per serving
|% Daily Value*
|Total Fat 28g
|Saturated Fat 17g
|Cholesterol 117mg
|Sodium 358mg
|Total Carbohydrate 112g
|Dietary Fiber 2g
|Total Sugars 74g
|Protein 13g
|Vitamin C 2mg
|Calcium 243mg
|Iron 3mg
|Potassium 396mg
|*The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice.


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'Almost Human' is almost really good
Early in the first episode of "Almost Human," Detective John Kennex (Karl Urban), throws his partner out of a speeding car. The unfortunate guy bouncing down the highway is a battle-ready MX-43 android, required partners of all police in the year 2048. Kennex is back on the job after having been in a 17 month coma. All he remembers is that his partner was killed in a horrific attack on their unit and he lost one of his legs which has been replaced with a synthetic limb. Oh, and he really, really hates robots.
"Almost Human" is a police procedural with a cyborg twist. In 2048, cops fight technology savvy criminals with the help of very strong and very logical androids. The MX-43 is the newest generation in robot fighters, having replaced an earlier model which was discontinued due to its emotional responses. Kennex needs a new partner who he won't throw out a moving vehicle so technician Rudy Lom, played by the funny Mackenzie Crook, reanimates one DRN model from the previous generation, in the hope that the android's "almost human" qualities will connect with Kennex.
The DRN, called "Dorian," (Michael Ealy) quickly bonds with his skeptical new partner by demonstrating that he's not merely a machine who looks human. He makes decisions that the MX-43 would consider illogical. He feels empathy and sadness. He has a sense of humor. Ealy plays Dorian with a believable curiosity and longing for a world that he's both part of and apart from. It's not a unique characterization of an android but thanks to Ealy's skill and the reality of Dorian's predicament, it's affective.
Kennex is a little harder to get excited about simply because Urban plays him as the "battle-scarred policeman who secretly has a heart." While it helps the buddy cop dynamic by creating a relationship between two opposite people, it's a typical approach that keeps him from becoming a complex or layered character. Thanks to his leg, Kennex is now part android but his search for his humanity needs more depth. He either needs to fight his synthetic self more or embrace its benefits. Where Dorian's conflict feels passionate, Kennex's feels a little lifeless.
Typical of a police procedural, the action follows the duo as they investigate crimes and so far, their cases are entertaining. In the second episode, they solve a murder involving sex-bots who are just what they sound like. What's slightly less successful is Kennex's awkward crush on Detective Valerie Stahl (Minka Kelly), but I suspect their relationship will grow as the series develops. The show also needs more tech. One of the best parts of stories set in the future is all the cool things people can do. "Almost Human" wants to ground itself in a future reality rather than a future fantasy. It's not a bad thing but definitely not as fun as it could be.
"Almost Human" is on Mondays at 8 p.m. EDT on Fox.


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April 5, 2013 — -- An Oregon woman who helped create a Facebook page to fight trolls posting violent and sexual content on the website found herself the target of vicious threats and vile material posted on her page.
Trista Hendren, 38, of Portland, Ore., founded a page on Facebook called "Rapebook," which aims to flag and report inappropriate and misogynistic content on Facebook. The page focuses on violence against women and children, especially rape.
But her dedication to removing the offensive content caused the people posting it to turn on her, she says, as first reported by ABC News' Portland affiliate KATU.
"It's a protest to make people more aware of what was happening [on] Facebook," Hendren told ABCNews.com. "I have two young kids and I wasn't political at all and assumed it was a safe, happy place where you were there with your friends and then I realized that it's really not."
Dealing with such material is not always straightforward.
The page links that posters flag to Rapebook go to inappropriate content such as pornography, graphic images depicting sexual assault, sexualization of children and photos with rape jokes on them.
As with any potentially inappropriate content on Facebook, if user wants to flag a photo as inappropriate, a pop-up window asks two questions. The first asks if the photo is about the user or a friend of the user. Then the user can select what their issue is with the image -- they don't like it, it's harassing the user or it's harassing a friend of the user.
If the photo is not about the user or a friend, it can be flagged as hate speech or symbol, spam or scam, graphic violence, nudity or pornography or drug use.
Hendren said that child pornography usually gets taken down quickly since it's illegal, but that it is harder to get other content removed, especially if it's crude but not illegal.
Facebook said that content that clearly violates their terms is removed, but content that is "distasteful" but not illegal or in violation of the terms has the right to stay up.
"There are a lot of rape jokes on Facebook," she said. "It's sad to say that some are worse than others so it's sad to say you kind of have to pick your battles."
For Hendren, the battle against ugly content took an even uglier turn when people and groups posting the material targeted her.
They posted hundreds of threatening messages and vulgar photos on her personal Facebook page and the group page. They found her phone number and email address and posted it online, she said.
"They're pretty scary. They did actually post photos of women and girls being raped in the pictures," she said. "The message was pretty clear -- either shut down this page or we are going to make you pay somehow."
One message to Hendren on the group page that was viewed by ABC News began, "I'm gonna trace your IP address then come to your house in the night in a possum suit knock you out take you back to my cellar where you'll wake up hung from the ceiling by meat hooks..."
The rest of the post was graphic and violent.
Another post ended, "LOCK YOUR DOORS, MOTHER******S. WE'RE COMING FOR YOU."
A fearful Hendren took down her personal Facebook page as well as a blog where she wrote about her children and posted photos of them. The Rapebook page is still up, but Hendren is no longer listed as an administrator.
"I felt like I could spend 24 hours a day every day and it would still be an overwhelming problem," she said. "This is a problem Facebook needs to deal with. They have plenty of money, they have the technology and they just don't want to."
Facebook explained in an email to ABCNews.com that the problem is more complicated than taking down inappropriate content.
"There is no place on Facebook for content that is hateful, threatening, or incites violence, and we will not tolerate material deemed to be genuinely or directly harmful. We react quickly to remove reported language or images that violate our terms and we encourage people to report questionable content using links located throughout the site," the email said.
"However, as you may expect in any diverse community of more than a billion people, we occasionally see people post distasteful content or make crude attempts at humor," the email said. "While it may be vulgar and offensive, distasteful content on its own does not violate our policies. We do require that any such page be clearly marked -- so users are aware that the content may be in poor taste."
Hendren still wants to help combat inappropriate content on Facebook, but is relieved to be off the social media site.
"I'm happy to be off of it," she said. "I don't hang out with people who think rape is funny. Why would I want to put myself in an environment where that happens?"


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Garden Plain's state champ coach pled to misdemeanor charge; decoy posed as underage girl
WICHITA — A former south-central Kansas high school football coach who reached an agreement with prosecutors and pleaded guilty to patronizing a prostitute wants to teach again, his lawyer said.
Todd Puetz was given a 30-day suspended sentence in June after pleading guilty to a misdemeanor count of patronizing a prostitute. He had faced a possible five-year prison sentence for a felony charge of electronic solicitation of a minor, The Wichita Eagle reported (http://bit.ly/1a5zQni ).
"He wants his job back, and he wants what he's entitled to under the law," said Lee Kinch, the lawyer who represents Puetz in employment matters. Puetz had been employed by the Renwick School District from 1996 to 2012.
Puetz had been a physical education teacher, coach and athletic director before the district chose not to renew his contract after the October 2011 sting operation that caught him. Authorities say a detective posed as a 15-year-old to catch suspects willing to pay for sex with underage girls. Police arrested Puetz and six other men.
He had been a 2007 All-Metro football coach of the year in Garden Plain, and his team won the Class 3A title in 2007 with a 14-0 record. When he was their coach, Garden Plain made the playoffs every season.
A Sedgwick County jury found him not guilty in April of attempted aggravated indecent liberties with a child and attempted criminal sodomy. The jury couldn't reach a verdict on the third charge, electronic solicitation of a child under 16. Kinch said the deadlocked jury voted 11-1 in favor of acquitting Puetz.
"What he pleaded guilty to has nothing to do with his teaching and coaching responsibilities. It did not involve anyone in that district," Kinch told The Eagle on Thursday.
Tracy Bourne, Renwick superintendent, said the district opted last year not to renew his contract.
"We believe that that was the right decision," said Bourne, who declined to elaborate.
Kinch said "if they (the local school board) think that he is not fit to teach," then the burden is on the district to show why his employment contract wasn't renewed.
Puetz has requested a due-process hearing as a tenured teacher in a public school system, and has requested one, Kinch said. A judge would decide if Puetz could be reinstated as a teacher. Kinch said a decision on whether he could coach again would be up to the district administration.
The hearing has been continued until the state determines if it will act on Puetz's teaching license, Kinch said. He has seen no sign that the state intends to suspend or revoke the license.
Denise Kahler, spokeswoman for the Kansas State Department of Education, said no complaint has been filed against Puetz's license, but that the state is investigating Puetz's case and that is all she can say on the matter.


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(visited by Joseph Kerski, AJ Torgerson and Roger Palmer)
13-Jun-2002 -- Not long ago on dry land, this confluence was flooded by the rising pike-infested waters of Devils Lake. This closed drainage basin has increased from 46,400 acres to 130,000 acres in the past 20 years while its elevation has increased by 25 feet since 1993. Although most maps showed this confluence to be on dry land, a series of wet years in the northern plains would make finding this confluence a challenge. I knew we needed a boat.
I arrived in Grand Forks on 9 June to teach a week-long course on studying watersheds using geographic information systems (GIS). Showing teachers how to integrate GPS in their curriculum was an integral part of the course. One of the course participants, Reyne Krapp, science teacher Red River High School, introduced me to her spouse Ryan of the North Dakota Game and Fish Department . Ryan, along with colleague Mat Sorum, both students at the University of North Dakota , were in the midst of mapping the entire lake floor using a Trimble GPS unit and a Garmin SONAR unit. Taking transects that approach the shore every 200 meters, Ryan and Mat collect GPS readings every second. This seemed too perfect to be true--what better traveling companions could one ask for in the quest for 48 North 99 West than those who were mapping the entire area?
After class ended on 13 June 2002, I, geographer at the USGS , along with teaching companions Roger Palmer of GIS ETC and of Bishop Dunne High School, Dallas, Texas; AJ Torgerson of Shiloh Christian School in Bismarck; Ryan; Mat; and Ryan's border collie - Labrador dog Hailey, traveled west on US Highway 2 for an hour and a half, from Grand Forks to the town of Devils Lake. After hitching up Ryan and Mat's motorboat from the Game and Fish Department, we drove south of US Highway 2, passing submerged fences and grain storage bins that were eerie reminders of the flooded farms below. The road is supported along one flooded stretch by large boulders on either side, forming a causeway off of which people were fishing.
Reaching Graham Point State Park, we spotted two large deer before launching the boat into the beautiful glassy water of Devils Lake. Perhaps sensing that something grand was about to happen, Hailey, the dog, was a bit hesitant to get in the boat. We explained to two people bringing their boat ashore, the state park manager, and a gas station attendant the reason for our expedition, receiving slightly puzzled but polite and curious nods. The lowering sun in the sky along with the silhouette of standing trees in the lake, dead from the rising waters, made for a beautiful setting.
We journeyed east-northeast for three miles, crossing the 99-degree meridian and the Benson-Ramsey County line before turning south around a point of land. We headed south for four miles toward the obelisk that marks the tribal headquarters of the Fort Totten Indian Reservation. We had a plethora of equipment on board to increase the chances of success--the boat's Trimble GPS unit, a Garmin XL12, a Garmin eTrex, and a Teletype GPS unit attached to a Compaq iPAQ handheld computer. A.J. had downloaded ArcPad 6.0 by ESRI onto the iPAQ to receive the GPS information and was able to display them upon a latitude and longitude grid. Also aboard were a Garmin Sonar unit, a video camera, and four digital still cameras.
As we neared the confluence, tension mounted while Mat and Ryan kept us posted as to the depth to the lake floor. We were in approximately 22 feet of water when we reached the confluence. Despite the fact that we were in a boat, we were able to achieve quite a few zeroes on all of our GPS units including the Trimble. In the northeast distance twinkled the lights of the Mystic Lake tribal casino and a few lights from Fort Totten, but otherwise, all nature was silent as the sun sunk toward the horizon. Approximately 12 meters west of the confluence, a row of submerged dead trees afforded us an excellent photo opportunity with Roger and then Joseph left stranded in the branches.
The fairly high latitude means that the sun, two weeks before the solstice, stayed out until 9:30pm local time. This allowed us to linger and document the confluence for 20 minutes. As the sun slipped below the horizon, we triumphantly returned north, skirted the point of land, and voyaged west to the state park's boat dock. After a brief stop for gas in the city of Devils Lake, we parted ways, Mat and Ryan to the Game and Fish Department to set up for the next day's lake survey, and Roger, A.J., and I to teach the final day of the watershed GIS institute. We traveled east on U.S. Highway 2, reaching Grand Forks at 12:30 am on Friday 14 June 2002, feeling centered.


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Langham and Lausanne: Shared Origin, Shared Vision
John Stott Ministries/Langham Partnership International (JSM-Langham) has a historic connection with the Lausanne movement – John Stott himself. Not only is he the Founder and Honorary President of Langham Partnership, he was also the major figure alongside Billy Graham at the first Lausanne Congress in 1974 that gave birth to the epochal Lausanne Covenant, and the Lausanne Committee for World Evangelization.
THE LAUSANNE INTERNATIONAL LEADERSHIP MEETING has just taken place in Budapest, Hungary, from June 18-22. More than 300 people from all over the world met, representing several generations of leaders – from some of the generation of elderly leaders who were there at the original Lausanne, to a group from the Younger Leaders Gathering last year. The main purpose of the gathering was to launch the process that will lead to a third major Lausanne Congress in October 2010 in Cape Town South Africa. It is expected that around 4,000 people representing the worldwide church will gather there, while many thousands more participate through 'open-source' electronic means. Cape Town 2010, 'Lausanne III' is likely to draw together Christian leaders from more countries in the world than have ever assembled before, and, coming a hundred years after the famous Edinburgh mission conference of 1910, it will demonstrate the amazing global growth of the church in one century.
Chris Wright, International Director of LPI, was in Budapest, as Chair of the Lausanne Theology Working Group, a small but very international group, which seeks to address issues that confront the church in mission in the 21st century. Lausanne is committed to both action and reflection. As Chris Wright put it, we are people who seek to practise what we believe, and to think about what we practise. 'All our mission should be grounded in theological reflection; and all theology must result in missional outworking', he said.
Langham Scholars were well represented in the gathering. Danut Manastireanu and Cristian Romocea from Romania, along with Ng Kam Weng (Malaysia), both serve on the Theology Working Group and were there in Budapest. Andrea Stephanous (Egypt) was there as the Lausanne regional leader for the Middle East as was Las Newman (Jamaica) in the same position from the Caribbean (Las was there even though he had his Ph.D. viva examination in Oxford on the following Monday!). Meanwhile, one of the four Bible Expositions was given by Charlie Hadjiev (Bulgaria), a current Langham Scholar in the UK and one of the most promising younger leaders.
Other people who are strongly connected with Langham Partnership around the world were also playing a part. Philemon Choi, Chairman of the Board of Langham Foundation East Asia (Hong Kong) was there. Some members of our Regional Councils were also playing a significant part, such as John Azumah (secretary of our LPRC for West Africa), David Ruiz (from LPRC for Latin America), and Hwa Yung (from the LPRC in East Asia). Gideon Para-Mallam, who has pioneered the new Langham Preaching programme in Nigeria, has just been appointed as one of the Lausanne International Deputy Directors (for Anglophone Africa). All these personal connections strengthen the link between Langham and Lausanne and contribute to the networks of leadership which Langham has helped to build over the years.
Lausanne's unofficial slogan, taken from the Covenant, is 'The whole church taking the whole gospel to the whole world'. In his address in Budapest, Chris Wright added that such a task requires the whole Bible too. Holistic mission demands holistic use of the Bible. For it is in the whole Bible that we hear the heartbeat of God himself – for the last and the least (socially and economically) as well as the lost (spiritually); for those who are dying of hunger, HIV-AIDS and war, as well as those who are dying in their sins; for the landless, homeless, stateless and family-less, as well as for those who are without Christ, without hope and without God in the world. The God who commands us to make disciples of all nations also commands us to do justice, love mercy and walk humbly with our God. We must not put asunder what God has joined together. Lausanne, like Langham, believes in the integration of all these things because anything less is untrue to the Bible.
'My concern,' said Chris Wright, 'is not just that the world church should become more evangelical, but that world evangelicals should become more biblical. We need repentance and renewal in the church, as well as renewed passion for world mission. Otherwise, we may become, as the Lausanne Covenant put it, "a stumbling block to evangelism… a betrayal of the Gospel". Indeed,' he concluded, 'my hope for Cape Town 2010 is that it would launch and foster nothing less than a 21st Century Reformation – among evangelicals, who need it as much as any other Christian bloc.'
For there are scandals and abuses in the evangelical world that are reminiscent of the worst features of the pre-reformation medieval church in Europe.
• There are some mega leaders, like ancient prelates, wielding vast wealth, power and control – unaccountable, unattractive and unChristlike.
• There are multitudes of ordinary Christians going to so-called evangelical churches, where they never hear the Bible preached or taught.
• Instead they are offered, in the 'prosperity gospel' a form of 21st century indulgences, except that you pay your money not for release from pains after death, but for material 'blessings' here and now.
• And there are evangelicals parading ungodly alliances with secular power – political, economic and military – identifying themselves (and the gospel they claim to preach) with agendas and ideologies that reflect human empire not the kingdom of God in Christ.
Will we have the courage to identify and renounce such scandals and to seek a reformation of heart, mind and practice?
The 16th Century Reformation was criticized because it lacked missionary awareness and energy until much later. They were so obsessed with tackling abuses in the church that they neglected world mission. How ironic and tragic will it be if 21st Century evangelicals are so obsessed with world mission that we neglect abuses in the church, blind to our own idolatries and syncretism?
• If reformation without mission was defective,
• then mission without reformation will be deluded, self-defeating and even dangerous.
The Lausanne Covenant, like the Bible itself, commits us to the integration of both.


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CanVazz marries the best of mass & bespoke customization to the latest wearable technology thus creating customizable building block that come together to create limitless options for a personal expression!
- Canvazz custom design service that allows T- shirt artist to offer a more Fashion Forward product range!
- it will help the globally connected & extensive. visual artist market– Artist, Graphic designers, Photographers Service providers, musicians and other DIY hobbyist access the "wearable's" market .
- Local Dressmakers, Independent designers and small medium apparel companies & Interior designers, even Independent boutiques will be able to have unique print pattern and color selection at an affordable cost.
The CanVazz system will integrate & facilitate the best in emerging digital manufacturing processes, at crucial stages in the PLM. In so doing it will completely reconfigure and revise the personal clothing supply chain! Essentially we, at TibiaeTech are not just seeking to integrate the best new emerging technologies to "better service customers" facilitate their wardrobe acquisition needs while allowing them to attain 'exactly what they want" but we are focused, building shorter, more sustainable supply chains that build and positively Impact communities! CanVazz is a subsidiary of Tibiae tech… and was conceptualized to support the needs of wearable artist!
CanVass is an expanding series of apparel "building blocks. The fabrication, surface area the silhouette unlike the traditional mass customization process where the "Blanks are preselected- this system will essentially make even the "blanks" themselves customizable! CanVass disrupts the PLM cycle manufacturing post printing… in so doing "addresses" the challenge of flexibility in design!
With these blocks not only is the surface area customizable and interchangeable.The "artist" can select the blocks that will define their CanVazz! Once they choose the components they can then add their artwork to the entire surface area! Select their fabrication and size! Digital markers are created with each pattern piece printed the desired color range!
In the case of the individual hobbyist the Markers are shipped… to the purchaser who will cut and assemble
In the case of the professional … we suggest DIY, using Local dressmakers (PACC) of a certified affiliate!
Small lot and Bulk orders (Minimum to be decided) Manufacturing partners are shipped printed components for assembly! The idea has been tossed for CanVazz bars events/spaces—where physically rendered component are available for immediate selection!
Concept;- New Line of wearable canvazzes and a production system .
Image Credit-a slightly shaped shift dress with raglan sleeve is infused with the artwork of Kaaria Yero Muchera- as a did this mock sketch someone at the internet cafe wanted to place an order… for his girl! we all want to Wear our passion!
Register to shop at vip.bkfff.com
Artist use this form to request info


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Cristalla – 2033 2nd Ave., Seattle, WA 98121
January 10, 2008 by James
Filed under 2nd, Belltown, Business Center, Club House, Concierge, Cristalla, Dog Park, Exercise Room, Game/Rec Room, Guest Suite(s), Historic Landmark, Hot Tub, Murray Franklyn, Pike Place Market, Pilates/Yoga Room, Sauna, Terrace, Weber + Thompson, Westlake Center, Zipcar
Address: 2033 2nd Ave., Seattle, WA 98121
Neighborhood: Belltown
Here you can find all active listings at Cristalla. If your dream condo is not listed, sign-up to be instantly notified by email.
Sign-Up to receive an instant email notification of new Cristalla condos for sale as soon as they hit the market. Membership also includes a monthly review of all activity for this building.
Awarded for Excellence in Engineering and Architecture in association with structural engineers Cary Kopczynski & Company, the Cristalla is one of Seattle's most beloved high-rise condominiums located on the corner of 2nd Avenue and Lenora. Developed by Murray Franklyn and designed by architects Weber + Thompson, the base is a terra cotta façade of an Italian Renaissance building built in 1906, the Crytal Pool. In addition to the lobby's elegant staircase and 2-story water feature, William Traver Gallery and local artist Anna Skibska provided artistic decor throughout. Interior designer Mandy Reed continued the theme of the building's history by maintaining a prevelence of water with translucent panels on doors and glass panels on upper kitchen cabinets. As if there wasn't already enough details, SSA Acoustics also provided design recommendations for sound quality. All homes feature hardwood flooring with the exception of carpeted bedrooms. Studios, 1-bedrooms, 2-bedrooms and penthouses range from 420 to 2800 square feet. Original prices ranged from $160,000 to $3,000,000.
- Year Built: 2005
- Number of Units: 191
- Number of Stories: 23
- Exterior: Cement/Concrete, Glass
- Parking: Common Garage
- Pets: No Restrictions
- H/O Dues Included: Cable TV, Central Hot Water, Earthquake Ins., Garbage, Water/Sewer
- Common Property Features & Amenities: Business Center, Cable TV, Car Wash, Club House, Concierge, Disabled Access, Dog Park, Elevator, Exercise Room, Fire Sprinklers, Flexcar, Game/Rec Room, Guest Suite, High Speed Internet Available, Hot Tub, Lobby Entrance, Pilates/Yoga Room, Sauna, Security Gate, Rooftop Deck, Steam Room
- Baby & Co
- Belltown Yoga
- Blonde
- Brasa
- Cherry Street Coffee House
- Etherea Salon Spa
- Fancy
- Gary Manuel Salon
- Jai Thai
- Maggie's Shoes
- Market Groceries and Deli
- Moore Theater
- Peter Miller
- Qube Restaurant
- Ralph's Grocery & Deli
- Saito's Japanese Cafe & Bar
- Sound Grocery
- Starbucks
- Starlite Lounge
- Tully's Coffee
- Velocity Art & Design
- Virginia Inn
*Data is deemed to be reliable, but not guaranteed. In some cases, number of units may include commercial and residential spaces and/or height may or may not include a 13th floor.


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If you like watching rich people buy things on TV or prefer doing it yourself while watching QVC, then you're probably familiar with Lori Greiner.
Greiner, known as the "Queen of QVC," is also a regular on the ABC show "Shark Tank" where those that have millions listen to pitches from those that have little more than a million dollar idea.
SocialTimes editor Devon Glenn sat down with Greiner to talk about the show, her reign on QVC and if any of the products she's invested in on "Shark Tank" have any bite.
For more videos, check out our YouTube channel and follow us on Twitter: @mediabistroTV


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In short, the term "minority" as used by most colleges has no clear-cut definition, no consistent principle, and no coherent theory behind it. Minority students are whomever they choose to consider minority students. In practice, the term usually refers to whatever racial or ethnic groups have a statistical "representation" the colleges wish to increase beyond what it would be if the usual admission standards were applied. Blacks are the prime example, but much of what is said about blacks applies as well to Hispanics and American Indians.
In this chapter the main focus will be on black students, simply because more information is available on them. However, there will also be a separate discussion of Asian American students, because they are often treated differently from either blacks or whites by the colleges themselves.
When black students go to black colleges, it is much like white students going to white colleges, in terms of the kinds of things to look for when making your choices. The more challenging problem comes when black students go to colleges that are predominately white, sometimes overwhelmingly white. Because such colleges are by far the most numerous, and are spread out over a wider range of social, geographic, and academic diversity, these will be the main focus here.
"The races in the Northern universities have grown more separate since the sixties," according to Professor Allan Bloom in his best-selling book, The Closing of the American Mind. He is not the only one to notice this disturbing phenomenon. The Dean of Students at Middlebury College reported that—for the first time in her long career—some white freshmen in 1986 asked not to be assigned a blackroom-mate. So did some white freshmen entering in 1987. Racist graffiti and even physical assaults against black students occur on campuses where neither occurred 20 or 30 years ago. In 1987, a black student at Harvard suffered a smashed window and harassing, racist phone calls from white students. The first black student graduated from Harvard more than a hundred years ago and a black student was elected class president 30 years ago by the class of 1958.
The reasons for this retrogression are a matter of controversy. But the important thing for minority students and their parents to understand is that it is a fact. Minority parents with good memories of their own college experience on predominately white campuses should not automatically assume that their children can find a similar environment on the same campuses today.
Fortunately, the negative trends are not universal. There are campuses where no such retrogresion has taken place over the past generation, and some on which improved relations among the races have occurred. This means that black parents and students have an extra set of considerations to check out when choosing a college. It also means that this extra investment of time and effort is very much worth making.
Something as intangible as the racial atmosphere on a campus is not as likely to be known to high school counselors, nor do most college guides go into the subject very much, if at all. Moreover, what would constitute a "good" racial environment differs radically between one black student and another. For example, some black students at Stanford University consider it beneficial that there are special living quarters where black students are concentrated, while other black students dislike the idea and resent any pressures to get them them to move into these enclaves. Similarly sharp differences of opinion are found among Asian, Hispanic, and American Indian students.
If you are a black student looking for a campus where your academic and social life involves people from all races, including foreign students, then you may not be happy on a campus where black students continually group together, especially if you get negative reactions from fellow blacks whenever you have lunch or go to a movie with someone who isn't black. But, if what you are looking for is a campus where black students do stick together, for mutual support and for concerted action on campus to achieve their special goals, then you may be happy at the same college where the more "integrationist" black student is uncomfortable or even miserable. The important practical question here is not which position is "right" but which position is you. Talking this over with parents before choosing a college is a good way to help think through your priorities, especially if you and your parents have different views and talk them out.
If you are seeking a campus where black students form a separate community, then Cornell, Dartmouth, Wesleyan, and Davidson are among many that have that kind of environment. But if you are seeking a campus where black students interact socially as individuals in the larger campus community, then you may want to investigate places like Haverford, Whitman, George Mason University, the University of San Diego or the University of Puget Sound.
Related to the question of the college racial environment is the question of how you plan to spend your time in college. On many predominately white campuses, there are Black Studies departments, Black Student Unions, and often campus political activity related to either or both. Aside from whether you agree or disagree with the goals or methods of this activity, there is the question of how much time you are prepared to devote to activism of any sort.
There are other aspects of budgeting time to think about. In The Black Student's Guide to Colleges, there is a recurring emphasis on the number and nature of parties on campus. For example, a black student at Princeton is quoted: "Parties are not given often enough, and when they are, they just don't jump!" Again, it is necessary to be clear in your own mind as to what you are and are not looking for. (My own reaction to the Princeton comment was to recall a scene from an old war-movie melodrama called "The Guns of Navarone." When the Allied commandos had completed their mission and were getting ready to return from behind enemy lines, someone noticed that one of their members was missing. His partner knew that the missing man had gotten into a needless shoot-out with some Nazis, and had been killed. "He forgot why we came here," his partner said.)
Despite its emphasis on parties, athletics, campus politics, and other extra-curricular activities, The Black Student's Guide to Colleges may be worth looking at simply because it is "the only game in town" as a black student's college guide. It must be read very judiciously, however, because it lacks any depth or judiciousness of its own.
The Mismatching Problem
A common theme of The Black Student's Guide to College, and of some other guides, is the need of minority students for special remedial education in college. The grossly inadequate education provided by many ghetto high schools is part of the reason-but only part. Given the vast range of academic standards in American colleges and universities, anyone who is capable of filling out an application form is capable of meeting the normal academic standards of some institutions, somewhere in the system. Given the wide range of academic capabilities among black students, there is no inherent reason why they could not distribute themselves among the corresponding levels of colleges, just as white students tend to do.
In reality, this is not what usually happens. Minority students are systematically mismatched with institutions. It starts at the top colleges and universities, whose visibility and prestige make it politically necessary that they have a significant "representation" of blacks among their students. The wealth of such institutions enables them to offer the large-scale financial aid that many black students need to attend any college.
The drive to get a good-looking "body count" of black students leads the top colleges and universities to go way beyond the pool of black students who meet their normal admission standards. For example, there are numerous universities, liberal arts colleges, and technical institutes whose students' combined S.A.T. scores average 1200 or above. Yet a recent study indicated that less than 600 black students in the entire country score this high annually. That would not be enough to supply the Ivy League alone with a good statistical "representation" of black students who meet their normal standards.
Under these conditions, many black students discover too late that the "opportunity" to go to a big-name school turns out to be a trap. It is not a question whether black students are "qualified" but whether they are mismatched. For example, the average black student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has a higher S.A.T. score in math than 90 percent of all American students. These black students can hardly be considered "unqualified." But, although these students' scores are in the top 10 percent among Americans in general, their scores are in the bottom 10 percent among the extraordinary students at M.I.T. Despite much lofty talk about the "irrelevance" of test scores, mismatching of this magnitude does have its effects. More than one-fourth of the black students fail to graduate at M.I.T., and those who do have significantly lower grades than the other students.
This is a needless disaster among highly capable individuals. There are numerous engineering schools at which they could have succeeded, or even excelled. Many individuals with all the ingredients of success have been artificially turned into failures by being mismatched with M.I.T. This is not a situation peculiar to this institution. It is an all too common experience for minority students throughout American higher education.
Twenty years ago, I discovered the same phenomenon at Cornell University. With half the black students there on academic probation, despite being steered to easier courses, I became concerned as to what the reason could be and looked up their records. The average black student at Cornell at that time scored at the 75th percentile on the S.A.T. test-that is, was academically superior to three-quarters of all American students. These were not "unqualified" students. But the average white student with whom they were competing in the liberal arts college was at the 99th percentile. Blacks with the qualifications for success were artificially turned into failures by being mismatched with Cornell.
More recently, the same phenomenon has been reported at the University of California at Berkeley. Although black students at Berkeley have S.A.T. scores slightly above the national average, nearly three-quarters of them fail to graduate. This is a devastating loss of capable young people. Moreover, it is getting worse. Fewer blacks graduated from Berkeley in 1986 than in 1975, even though the total number of black students at Berkeley in 1986 was significantly larger. More are just not making it through.
When choosing a college, you don't want to become one of these statistics. The big-name college's problem is how to get "enough" black students on campus so that the college looks good. Your problem is how to get a good education. No bigger mistake could be made, by students of any race, than to assume that you get a better education at a more prestigious college. For any given individual, the education may be much worse.
When one course alone assigns hundreds of pages of reading per week, those students without the necessary reading speed are going to fall further and further behind, understanding less and less of what is said in class. That's not a better education. When mathematical material that would normally take three semesters to cover is covered in two semesters at a school whose students average 700 on math S.A.T.s, that is not a better education for people whose math background is not at that stratospheric level. They may have no idea what anybody is talking about, halfway through the first semester, even if they are perfectly capable of learning the same material when taught at a normal pace elsewhere.
Fast-paced courses skimp on explanations and assume that you either have a solid math background or can fill in the gaps on your own. For students with extraordinary math scores, that is probably a reasonable assumption—but not for anybody else.
Because mathematics is an important ingredient in other fields (engineering, economics, chemistry, etc.), a failure to master math can eliminate your opportunity to major in a number of other disciplines. You may enter a prestigious college or university planning to become an economist or an engineer, and end up being forced to major in some other field with less math, less interest, and less prospect of a career. This is especially likely to happen at some large research university where the foundation courses in math are taught by disinterested graduate students, some speaking heavily accented English that is difficult to understand. Your chances of having the full range of choices open to you may well be better at a smaller institution where you are taught by professors specializing in teaching, and where the other students have math capabilities similar to yours.
The mismatching of students to colleges is not confined to the top institutions, but is common across a broad spectrum. When the top-level schools recruit black students who would normally be qualified to succeed at the level next to the top, then the second tier of institutions faces the prospect of either being conspicuously lacking in minority students or (2) dipping down to the next level below to bring in enough minority students for a statistically respectable "representation." Usually they end up mismatching students. Once begun at the top, this process continues on down the line.
Test Scores
Soberly comparing your S.A.T. or other test scores with those of the students you would be competing with at a particular college is one way to avoid getting mismatched academically. You may be told that test scores don't really matter because they are "culturally biased" against minority students. Unfortunately, life is "culturally biased" as well. Whatever you achieve or fail to achieve will be in some particular culture.
If the "cultural bias" argument means that a minority student with math and verbal S.A.T. scores in the 400s each is likely to match the academic performance of other students whose math and verbal S.A.T.s are in the 600s, then this is a dangerous falsehood-one that has ruined the academic chances (and life chances) of vast numbers of minority students, not only at M.I.T., Cornell, and Berkeley, but also at other institutions that keep such politically explosive data under lock and key.
Many people have their own reasons for saying that test scores under-estimate the future academic performance of minority or disadvantaged students. But the factual evidence against this widespread belief is overwhelming. Anyone seriously interested in the facts is urged to read Choosing Elites by Robert Klitgaard, though this is just one of many factual studies with the same result, covering a variety of tests, and extending internationally. The cold fact is that, on average, minority students with low scores perform no better in college than majority students with low scores. This is not peculiar to blacks and whites, or to disadvantaged Americans compared to Americans in general. The same pattern exists in other countries as well.
In the Philippines, for example, people living in Manila tend to score higher on tests than people living in the hinterlands. This may well be due to cultural differences rather than because people in Manila are born any smarter. But the bottom line is that low-scoring people from the hinterlands do not do any better in college than low-scoring people from Manila. It is the same story in Indonesia, where people from the island of Java score higher than people in the outer islands. But low-scoring people from the outer islands do not perform any better at the university than low-scoring people from Java. When the same pattern is found in the United States, it is often vehemently denied, by substituting rhetoric for evidence.
One of the reasons why this issue arouses such emotional attacks on test scores is that many people confuse this issue with various attempts to label blacks or other minority groups as being genetically inferior mentally. When black orphans raised by white families average the same I.Q. scores as whites, it seems to me pretty clear that racial differences in test scores are a cultural phenomenon. But cultural disadvantages are very real and very serious in their effects. From a practical standpoint, it doesn't matter how you got your disadvantage; it is still a disadvantage. Natural intelligence is not a complete substitute for a good education, good study habits, and wide cultural experience. It is wishful thinking to believe that it is.
Closing the Gap
Many middle-class white families begin training their children's minds when they are still in the crib. Educational toys for babies and toddlers are followed by books, magazines, and encyclopedias as they grow up, often followed by sending them to summer camps that offer courses on computers or other subjects. After 18 years of this, the differences between advantaged and disadvantaged students can be enormous. That doesn't mean that the disadvantaged student should give up. It does mean that the bitter facts about this disparity must be faced before it is possible to do something about it.
Many minority students and their parents will be shocked to discover how far behind their educational level is, compared to the level reached by other students with whom they will be competing in college. For example, in 1987 only three high schools in the entire city of Chicago scored as high as the national average on the A.C.T. college entrance examination—and 33 Chicago high schools scored in the bottom 1 percent by national norms. Students from schools like this have enormous amounts of ground to make up, just to compete with the average American student, much less with those students educated in the top public and private high schools.
If your S.A.T. scores are too low for any of the colleges discussed so far, you need not abandon hope. Not only are there colleges whose average S.A.T. levels will match yours; there are also ways to beef up your academic skills before going to college, which will probably raise your scores as well. If you are very serious about going to a college with high academic standards, and are willing to do whatever it takes to prepare for such a place, then a year of hard study between high school and college may bring you up to the level you want. There are many ways of doing this—and of financing it.
Spending a year at a community college boning up on basics in math and English will do the job for some. A few may want to spend a year at some private high school that has a "post-graduate year" program for those who want to strengthen their academic preparation before tackling college. Both kinds of institutions can tell you about the various financial aid programs available to cover your tuition and living expenses. This aid may come from the school itself or from a variety of government and foundation programs.
Some liberal arts colleges and universities offer a crash course on basic skills during the summer between high school and college, either for everyone or especially for minority students. These courses may be useful if you are already close to meeting the normal standards of the school and just need a little extra to put you over the top. But a summer is far too short to remedy years of sub-standard ghetto education. Relying on a summer crash course can be a prelude to crashing during the academic year.
A whole year spent working full-time on what you missed in high school is not too much. It may be the best investment of your life. It will mean graduating from college a year later—but that is far better than not graduating at all, or graduating only by taking the easier courses and missing many opportunities you might have been able to master, if you had had a solid educational background behind you. As it is now, many minority students end up taking 5 or more years to complete a 4-year college, because they discover the hard way that they cannot take a full load of courses and still keep up with the assignments. It is far better to take an extra year beforehand, to be able to handle the normal requirements in the normal way.
Younger Children
Minority parents sometimes get a second chance after they recover from the shock of discovering the gross inadequacy of the education received by their young man or young woman who is about to enter college. It can alert these parents to do something about the education of their younger children before they reach this point. "We can't wait until students are juniors and seniors in high school before talking to them about college," as the Dean of Admissions at Syracuse University said. "By that time, about the only thing you have to discuss is all the things they should have done when they were younger." Minority parents especially have to find out what can be done at an earlier stage, because often the public schools in minority neighborhoods fail as badly in counseling as they do in education.
Among the alternatives to a substandard public school are (1) transfer to a better public school elsewhere, if possible; (2) transfer to a private day school, in the neighborhood or away; or (3) transfer to a private boarding school, which may be located hundreds of miles away. Given the limited income of most minority families, options (2) and (3) may seem impossible. But they may not be.
It is obviously hard to try to send children off to private boarding schools because financial aid is much more scarce in private elementary or high schools than in college. However, some will be able to do this. An organization for minority students called "A Better Chance," located in Boston but operating nationwide, can be helpful for those who want to try this route. Other parents will find a variety of other options.
Many minority parents may never think of private schools for their children because "private schools" conjures up the image of posh boarding schools for the rich, located on hundreds of acres of land, and costing upwards of $10,000 a year. This is a true picture as regards places like Exeter and Andover, but most private schools are nothing like Exeter and Andover. According to official U.S. Department of Education statistics, nearly one-fifth of all private elementary schools in the United States charged less than $500 a year in 1985-86. That's less than $50 a month, and it can usually be paid in installments, just as people buy furniture and appliances on the installment plan.
At the high school level, tuition goes up significantly, on average. However, for high school as for college, you need only one. Moreover, at least partial financial aid is available, and an older child can contribute to his own tuition from his summer earnings. The summer earnings of a teen-ager making the minimum wage would cover the full tuition for a year at many private high schools, even if the parents contributed nothing and the school refused to give any financial aid. With just a small amount of help from a working-class family, it is very do-able. At the very least, do not dismiss the possibility without looking into the specifics. Getting a decent education in ghetto high schools is far harder, and trying to make it through a good college without a decent educational background is courting disaster, personal as well as educational.
Social adjustments that might be a strain at posh places like Exeter and Andover may not be nearly as difficult at low-cost private schools, where fellow students are also likely to be from modest income levels. There are private, all-black schools in Harlem, as well as in other ghettos from coast to coast. Even where the schools are racially integrated, the white students are more likely to be the children of carpenters or clerks, rather than the children of doctors or stockbrokers. Since most of these schools are day schools, rather than boarding schools, there is no adjustment to living with people from different backgrounds 24 hours a day, as there is at college. It could be a good transition, especially for black students with very little experience in dealing with people from other racial backgrounds.
Will private schools make a difference? Obviously, it depends on the individual. But a study by Professor James Coleman of the University of Chicago indicates that private schools improve the academic performance of black students even more than they improve the academic performance of white students.
Campus Visits
Campus visits are even more important for minority parents and students than they are for others. There is no better way to tell how the local white students will react to a black student than by confronting them with a black student and seeing what they say or do. This is especially important in those parts of the United States where many of the white students have never interacted with blacks, and in fact know blacks chiefly from watching television. Even in parts of the country where there is racial diversity in the population, a particular college may draw the bulk of its students from affluent white suburbs. This does not mean that they will be racists, but there may be differences in social background that may be hard to bridge—or maybe not. Being there is the best way to judge.
One of the things to look for during your visit is whether the black students are mingled in with other students on campus or can be seen walking around in separate groups, eating lunch at separate tables, and perhaps rooming together in the dorm or even being housed together in a separate dorm. Whether you regard such patterns as solidarity or separatism, you need to know whether or not they exist and how that fits in with your own idea of what a college experience should be.
Many colleges and universities have a Black Students Union or similar organization. It can be very useful to talk to members and leaders of this organization during a campus visit, whether or not you would expect to join after entering college. The kind of leaders and the nature of the organization can have a deep influence on the whole racial atmosphere on campus, which in turn affects even those black students who do not belong. If their policies and actions create racial polarization, for example, you are going to feel it, whether you had anything to do with it or not. If the BSU plays a more positive role in helping black students adjust to the campus and the classroom, you will be a beneficiary of a better atmosphere, whether or not you yourself need such help in adjusting. Meeting the people involved can give you better information than you can get from any other source and you will know better than anyone else how well their ideas fit in with yours.
Parents can be very important during the campus visit, if they can afford to come along. While the student is on campus, the parents can circulate through the local community, getting impressions of the people and of their reactions to blacks. This may be especially important on a distant campus, in an unfamiliar part of the country, and where there are relatively few blacks living in the local community. It can be a very worthwhile investment to set aside ten or twenty dollars to make a large number of small purchases in various stores, shops, and restaurants, just to interact and get into conversation with local people.
If there is a local black community, some of these interactions should take place there. People in barbershops and beauty parlors seldom need much encouragement to talk, and a shoe shine or a shampoo may be enough reason to go in. Just mentioning that you are in town looking over the local college may be enough to bring out information about the atmosphere on campus and in town. If you go into a local fast-food place or other business during the slow hours, you have a good chance of finding people ready to talk. Informal and unofficial sources of information can be especially important to minority students and parents because there are so many taboos and shibboleths about race among college officials.
Not everyone can afford a campus visit, and even among those who can, there may be strict limits on how many campuses can be visited, how far away, and whether parents can afford to go along on all the visits. If a parent can afford to accompany the student to a college relatively close by but not one a thousand miles away, it may be a good strategy to visit the closer campus first. After students and parents take notes on what they see, at the college and in the local community, they may want to talk over what they found out very carefully, so that the student alone can cover many of the same things on the distant campus.
Where finances make even one campus visit doubtful, the cost should be checked out before writing off the possibility. Many colleges allow a free overnight stay in the dorms for the student and this is a very desirable experience anyway, as a means of collecting information and impressions. Inexpensive lodgings may be available for parents on campus or off. Motels in small college towns are often much less expensive than in big cities. If you can afford it, you will probably get your money's worth from a campus visit. Avoiding a situation that would be intolerable is worth a lot. So too is discovering a place where your academic development can flourish in an environment that also offers a fulfilling social development.
Virtually all colleges have athletic programs of one sort or another. But, like everything else, they vary enormously. On some campuses, especially among small liberal arts colleges, a large part of the student body participates in intra-mural sports for recreation and exercise. For those who enjoy sports, there is no real problem with this kind of casual athletic competition. There can be very serious problems, however, with big-time athletics of the sort that brings huge crowds to the stadium and may be televised to millions of viewers across the country. To some minority students, athletics presents a tempting way to go to college. But there is a lot to think about—very seriously—underneath the glitter and glamour.
Anyone who follows sports knows that blacks are heavily represented among both collegiate and professional athletes, and especially among the star athletes. The enormous salaries and tremendous publicity surrounding a relative handful of sports celebrities makes athletics seem far more promising than it is. The grim truth is that more than 90 percent of all college athletes in football, baseball, and basketball never sign a professional contract, much less have a career in sports.
In absolute numbers, less than 3,000 black people in the whole country make a living in these three sports combined-and that is counting players in major leagues, minor leagues, and semi-pro play, as well as coaches, trainers, and the like. This is not a realistic prospect for millions of black youngsters.
If all that was likely to happen if you became a college athlete was that your sports career wouldn't go any further, that would be just one of life's many disappointments. Often, it is far worse than that. The demanding life of an athlete—the practice, the travel, the time spent studying plays—can leave very little time and energy for learning anything academic. Four years of your life spent entertaining other people in a stadium can easily end up with you out on the street with absolutely nothing to show for it-no degree, no sports contract, no money, and no job skill on which to build a career. However much publicity and popularity you may have had on campus while playing, you can find yourself quickly forgotten by your former classmates as they go on up the ladder in their careers.
College athletics is a prime example of a situation where other people's agendas can destroy your agenda. The coach's agenda is to win—at all costs. Coaches are paid very well for winning and are fired very quickly for losing. Under these conditions, it is completely unrealistic to expect most coaches to be concerned about your education. On the contrary, the coach's main concern may be to stop you from taking "too many" solid academic courses that will take up time that he wants you to spend in practice, in body conditioning, and in learning the team's plays.
Although professional football players almost all came out of colleges, and are identified with those colleges, the great majority of National Football League players never graduated from college. The same is true in other sports. Of 18 first-round collegiate draft choices in the National Basketball Association in 1986, less than half had actually graduated. Among the minority who did receive a degree, not one majored in math, English, engineering, philosophy, or any of the sciences. Most majored in easy Mickey Mouse subjects.
Coach Joe Paterno of Penn State perhaps summed up the situation best when he said: "It has always been my opinion that the most important thing an athlete receives here at Penn State is his or her degree. The degree transcends everything else, including undefeated seasons or Bowl trips, All-American recognition, even winning a National championship. None of those things take the place of a good education."
Do not expect to find a lot of Joe Paternos in this world. Certainly don't bet your education and your future on finding another one.
Black Colleges
Although most black students no longer go to black colleges, a sizeable number still do. There are more than eighty institutions in which over half the student body is black. Some are institutions established historically for the specific purpose of serving black students: Howard University, Tuskegee Institute, Fisk University, and the Atlanta University complex, including Morehouse, Spelman, and Morris Brown colleges, for example. Others include colleges and universities established more recently that became predominantly black because of where they were located—the University of the District of Columbia, for example—or simply because black students were disproportionately attracted to their programs.
In theory, there are black colleges and white colleges, but in reality things have become more complicated. There are white students on many traditionally black campuses today, and thousands of black students on some white campuses. West Virginia State College was initially founded in 1891 to serve black students, but today most of its students are white. Conversely, the Brooklyn campus of Long Island University is less than half white today, though other campuses of L.I.U. remain predominantly white. In absolute numbers, there are more black students at Wayne State University than there are at Fisk, Hampton, Tuskegee or most other black colleges and universities.
All this relates to your reason for wanting to go to a black college. If your purpose is to socialize with large numbers of other black students, then that can be done as easily at Wayne State or the Brooklyn campus of L.I.U. as it can at the traditionally black colleges. However, if what you really want is a whole environment that is overwhelmingly and traditionally black, then your attention must turn to institutions like Howard, Fisk, Morehouse, Spelman and Tuskegee.
Many black students will find that the academic standards and test score levels at black colleges match their own academic levels better than some other colleges do. Whether there is a match in other ways, such as in values and lifestyle, will depend upon the specifics of particular black colleges. You cannot assume that there will automatically be a match, just because the other students are black.
On the other hand, for black students with strong academic backgrounds and composite S.A.T.s above 1000, there are simply no black colleges to match them with academically. Many such students—especially those who have grown tired of always being in a small minority in predominantly white schools—often want to believe that there are black colleges to match the Ivy League or other top-tier institutions. But the facts contradict this belief or wish. Every black institution in the United States has a S.A.T. level below the national average. Howard University has long been regarded as first among the black colleges and universities, but less than half the Howard faculty have Ph.D.s and less than half the Howard students have graduated 5 years after they enter.
The historic role of the black colleges in creating a black educated class, the struggles these institutions had to undergo merely to survive, the many distinguished black scholars they had at one time, when they were the only places where such scholars could teach, have all combined to create a feeling of pride, loyalty, and mystique. But when you are choosing a college, the only colleges you can attend are the ones that actually exist today, as they really are today—not the legends that have come down through the years or the visions you may have in your mind.
Cutting through the images to the reality is especially important, and especially difficult, in the case of the black colleges. Neither high school counselors nor the authors of college guides want to be accused of racism for saying critical things about them. Most college guides, even those that can be critical or even sarcastic about other institutions, tend to be either bland or gushing about black colleges. Edward B. Fiske's Selective Guide to the Colleges is exceptional and tries in a gentle way to convey some of the realities about the black institutions. A campus visit, with well-planned note-taking, is even more important in the case of black colleges than for colleges in general.
The situation of Asian Americans is very different from that of blacks, Hispanics or American Indians. Whereas these latter disadvantged groups tend to score below the general population on tests and to have poorer academic records in general, Asian Americans tend to at least hold their own in general and to excel in mathematics and science.
Despite many spectacular success stories among Asian Americans-both native—born and immigrants—the average Asian American student is not spectacular. In 1987, Asian Americans averaged 405 on the verbal S.A.T. and 521 on the math S.A.T., compared to the national average of 430 verbal and 476 in math. Asian American students' below-average verbal and above-average math scores add up to a composite S.A.T. total just 20 points above the national average. However, it takes only a modest difference in averages between two groups to translate into substantial differences in representation at the extremes. Less than 4 percent of all students have a quantitative S.A.T. score of 700 or above, but more than 9 percent of all Asian students reach this level.
Asian Americans are accordingly very much over-represented in institutions with very high math S.A.T.'s. Asian Americans are about one-fifth of all students at Cal Tech and at M.I.T., and two-fifths of all engineering students at Berkeley. Although only about 2 percent of the population, Asian Americans receive 17 percent of all engineering Ph.D.'s in the United States. Of 70 scholarship winners in the prestigious Westinghouse Talent Search from 1981 to 1987, 20 were Asian Americans.
The academic success of Asian Americans is reminiscent of the rapid academic rise of Jewish immigrant children earlier in this century. Also reminiscent of that era are the limits that seem to be set against their increased admission to some leading colleges and universities. No one has admitted to setting quota limits for Asians but suspicious things have happened in many institutions in recent years.
The percentage of Asian applicants to Berkeley who were admitted was cut in half—from 62 percent to 31 percent—in just 5 years. At Brown University, the admission rate for Asian American applicants in 1983 was less than one third of what it was in 1975. The number of Asian Americans in Princeton's freshman class in 1986 was 25 percent lower than it was just the year before. At Harvard, white and Asian applicants had very similar test scores but, among those admitted, Asians had test scores more than a hundred points higher than whites, suggesting that they had to be better to get in.
At Amherst, 40 percent of black applicants and 43 percent of Hispanic applicants were accepted for the class of 1991, but only 25 percent of Asian American applicants. If other minority groups had higher academic performances than Asian Americans, that would be understandable. But all the evidence says just the opposite.
Given that man's sins are unlimited, while your time is not, how much time and effort does it pay an Asian American high school student to invest in worrying about this? Probably not much. The representation of Asian American students remains high at leading colleges, universities, and engineering schools across the country. There are more than a hundred institutions where more than 10 percent of the students are Asian Americans. Moreover, the proportions of Asian American students are rising sharply at some institutions while they are falling at others. The numbers of Asian American students have more than doubled over a period of 5 years at Cornell and Ohio State, and more than doubled in one year at Stanford. In over-all effect, quota ceilings are as petty as they are dishonorable. Quotas did not stop the rise of the Jews and they are not going to stop the rise of Asian Americans.
On a personal, practical level, if you were planning to apply
to five institutions, it may be worthwhile to apply to six, to make allowance
for any quota ceiling somewhere. Beyond that, it is not worth worrying
about. Above all, make a clear distinction between the administrators who
handle admissions decisions and the faculty who will be teaching you. Whatever
political considerations or sociological fads lead to quota ceilings among
administrators, professors are almost always glad to see good students,
and Asian American students have long established an academic record that
makes them welcome in the classroom. Once you are in college, your education
largely depends on you and the faculty. You may never see anyone from the
admissions office the whole time you are there.
Copyright 1989 by Thomas Sowell
Reprinted with permission


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After you configure a connection factory, you can associate a unit-of-order with all sessions created from a factory configured with unit-of-order enabled, and, optionally, a name provided. As a result, all sessions created from this connection factory will have unit-of-order enabled. All messages produced from the same session will belong to the same unit-of-order. Messages from different sessions belong to different unit-of-orders.
To configure unit-of-order parameters on a connection factory:
For more information about this field, see Configuration Options.