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The United States Department of Justice (Department) initiated this matter as a compliance review of the City of Omaha, Nebraska under title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), 42 U.S.C. §§ 12131-12134, and the Department's implementing regulation, 28 C.F.R. Part 35. Because the City receives financial assistance from the Department of Justice, the review was also conducted under the authority of section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, 29 U.S.C. § 794, and the Department's implementing regulation, 28 C.F.R. Part 42, Subpart G.
The review was conducted by the Disability Rights Section of the Department's Civil Rights Division and focused on the City's compliance with the following title II requirements:
C to conduct a self-evaluation of its services, policies, and practices by July 26, 1992, and make modifications necessary to comply with the Department's title II regulation, 28 C.F.R. § 35.105;
C to notify applicants, participants, beneficiaries, and other interested persons of their rights and the City's obligations under title II and the Department's regulation, 28 C.F.R. § 35.106;
C to designate a responsible employee to coordinate its efforts to comply with and carry out the City's ADA responsibilities, 28 C.F.R. § 35.107(a);
C to establish a grievance procedure for resolving complaints of violations of title II, 28 C.F.R. § 35.107(b);
C to operate each program, service, or activity so that, when viewed in its entirety, it is readily accessible to and usable by individuals with disabilities, 28 C.F.R. § 35.150, by:
C delivery of services, programs, or activities in alternate ways, including, for example, redesign of equipment, reassignment of services, assignment of aides, home visits, or other methods of compliance or, if these methods are not effective in making the programs accessible,
C physical changes to buildings (required to have been made by January 26, 1995), in accordance with the Department's title II regulation, 28 C.F.R. § 35.151, and the ADA Standards for Accessible Design (Standards), 28 C.F.R. pt. 36, App. A, or the Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards (UFAS), 41 C.F.R. § 101-19.6, App. A.
C to ensure that facilities for which construction or alteration was begun after January 26, 1992, are readily accessible to and usable by people with disabilities, in accordance with 1) the Department's title II regulation and 2) the Standards or UFAS, 28 C.F.R. § 35.151;
C to ensure that communications with applicants, participants, and members of the public with disabilities are as effective as communications with others, including furnishing auxiliary aids and services when necessary, 28 C.F.R. § 35.160;
C to provide direct access via TTY (text telephone) or computer-to-telephone emergency services, including 9-1-1 services, for persons who use TTY's and computer modems, 28 C.F.R. § 35.162;
C to provide information for interested persons with disabilities concerning the existence and location of the City's accessible services, activities, and facilities, 28 C.F.R. § 35.163(a); and
C to provide signage at all inaccessible entrances to each of its facilities, directing users to an accessible entrance or to information about accessible facilities, 28 C.F.R. § 35.163(b).
As part of its compliance review, the Department reviewed the following facilities, which – because construction or alterations commenced after January 26, 1992 – must comply with the ADA's new construction or alterations requirements:
Northeast Police Precinct
Southeast Police Precinct
Benson Library
Millard Library
Household Hazardous Waste Building
Southwest Street Maintenance Facility
Park Maintenance Building
Columbus Park Community Center
Zorinsky Lake Recreation Area
Miller's Landing Park/ River City Star
Lewis and Clark Landing:
Fire Station #3
Fire Station 63
Fire Station #65
OmahaPark Four
OmahaPark Five
OmahaPark Six
OmahaPark Seven
OmahaPark Eight
Henry and Gail Koch Family Tennis Center
W. Dale Clark Library
Montclair Community Center and Millard Senior Center
Vehicle Impound Lot
Central Maintenance Facility
Elmwood Park (Pool & Pavilion Only)
Miller Park (Golf Course, Pavilion, & Pool)
N. P. Dodge Memorial Park
Camelot Community Center
Fontenelle Park (Golf Course, Pavilion, & Pool)
Hanscom Park (Pool, Pavilion, & Tennis Center)
Gallagher Park (Pool Only)
Fire Station #41
Abrahams Library
Fire Station #55
Blue Lion Center
Adams Park Community Center
Benson Park, Pavilion, and Ice Arena
Benson Community Center
Hitchcock Park and Motto McLean Ice Arena
Rosenblatt Stadium
The Department's program access review covered those of the City's programs, services, and activities that operate in the following facilities:
Police Department Headquarters
OmahaPark Three
Swanson Library
A. V. Sorenson Community Center and Library
Sherman Community Center
Tranquility Park Soccer Complex
Columbus Park
Johnny Goodman Golf Course
Fire Station #1
Roanoke Estates Park
Christie Heights Park Community Center
North Senior Center
The Department reviewed the City's policies and procedures regarding voting, emergency management and disaster prevention, and sidewalk maintenance to evaluate whether persons with disabilities have an equal opportunity to utilize these programs.
Finally, the Department reviewed the City Police Department's policies and procedures regarding providing effective communication to persons who are deaf or hard-of-hearing.
1. The ADA applies to the City because it is a "public entity" as defined by title II. 42 U.S.C. § 12131(1).
2. The Department is authorized under 28 C.F.R. Part 35, Subpart F, to determine the compliance of the City with title II of the ADA and the Department's title II implementing regulation, to issue findings, and, where appropriate, to negotiate and secure voluntary compliance agreements. Furthermore, the Attorney General is authorized, under 42 U.S.C. § 12133, to bring a civil action enforcing title II of the ADA should the Department fail to secure voluntary compliance pursuant to Subpart F.
3. The Department is authorized under 28 C.F.R. Part 42, Subpart G, to determine the City's compliance with section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, to issue findings, and, where appropriate, to negotiate and secure voluntary compliance agreements. Furthermore, the Attorney General is authorized, under 29 U.S.C. § 794 and 28 C.F.R. §§ 42.530 and 42.108-110, to suspend or terminate financial assistance to the City provided by the Department of Justice should the Department fail to secure voluntary compliance pursuant to Subpart G or to bring a civil suit to enforce the rights of the United States under applicable federal, state, or local law.
4. The parties to this Agreement are the United States of America and the City of Omaha, Nebraska.
5. In order to avoid the burdens and expenses of an investigation and possible litigation, the parties enter into this Agreement.
6. In consideration of, and consistent with, the terms of this Agreement, the Attorney General agrees to refrain from filing a civil suit in this matter regarding all matters contained within this Agreement, except as provided in the section entitled "Implementation and Enforcement."
7. In the early 1990's, as required by the ADA, the City of Omaha conducted a Self-Evaluation of its programs, services, and facilities. Based on the findings of that Self-Evaluation, the City implemented a Transition Plan.
8. The City has an ADA Coordinator.
9. During the last procurement of its 9-1-1 computer system, the City acquired a system that enabled each 9-1-1 operator to have computerized TTY (telecommunications equipment for deaf persons) capability at his or her call station. Each such computerized call station has pre-programmed TTY messages for operator use, such as the standard greeting, "9-1-1, what is your emergency?" and standard messages, such as "We are sending an ambulance." Each 9-1-1 operator has been trained in appropriate TTY etiquette.
10. Routinely since 1992, the City has solicited and received input from persons with disabilities regarding the accessibility of its sidewalks, including, for example, requests to add curb cuts at particular locations.
11. Since 1995 the City has had the Mayor's Commission for Citizen's with Disabilities. This Commission acts as a liaison between the Mayor and citizens with disabilities. The Commission assists citizens with program and access concerns throughout the City and advises the Mayor of these concerns. The Commission also recommends policies that affect citizens with disabilities including accessibility, employment, etc.
12. The City has had a long standing policy against discrimination and harassment in the workplace; including persons with disabilities. In addition, the City has a specific policy regarding accommodating persons with disabilities. This policy provides that the City shall provide reasonable accommodation to ensure equal employment opportunity to any applicant or employee who is an individual with a disability and to any employee with permanent medical restrictions affecting the ability to perform the employee's essential job functions.
13. The Mayor's Hotline, which receives citizens' complaints and comments, is fully accessible in person or through communication devices which include a dedicated, 24-hour TTY telephone, telephone facsimile, and Internet website.
14. Within two months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will adopt the attached Notice (Attachment A); distribute it to all agency heads; publish the Notice in a local newspaper of general circulation serving the City; post the Notice on its Internet Home Page; and post copies in conspicuous locations in its public buildings. It will refresh the posted copies, and update the contact information contained on the Notice, as necessary, for the life of this Agreement. Copies will also be provided to any person upon request.
15. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, and on yearly anniversaries of this Agreement until it expires, the City will implement and report to the Department its written procedures for providing information for interested persons with disabilities concerning the existence and location of the City's accessible programs, services, and activities.
16. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will adopt the attached ADA Grievance Procedure (Attachment B), distribute it to all agency heads, and post copies of it in conspicuous locations in each of its public buildings. It will refresh the posted copies, and update the contact information contained on it, as necessary, for the life of the Agreement. Copies will also be provided to any person upon request.
17. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will identify sources of qualified sign language and oral interpreters, real-time transcription services, and vendors that can put documents in Braille, and will implement and report to the Department its written procedures, with time frames, for fulfilling requests from the public for sign language or oral interpreters, real-time transcription services, and documents in alternate formats (Braille, large print, cassette tapes, etc.).
18. The City will take steps to ensure that all appropriate employees are trained and practiced in using the Nebraska Relay Service to make and receive calls.
19. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will adapt for its own use and implement the City of Omaha Police Department's Policy Statement on Effective Communication with People Who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing [Attachment C] and distribute to all officers the Guide for Law Enforcement Officers When in Contact with People Who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing [Attachment D].
20. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will contract with one or more local qualified oral/sign language interpreter agencies to ensure that the interpreting services will be available on a priority basis, twenty-four hours per day, seven days a week, to its police or make other appropriate arrangements (such as contracting directly with or hiring qualified interpreters).
21. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will ensure that each police station or substation and each detention facility housing City inmates is equipped with a working TTY to enable persons who are deaf, hard of hearing, or who have speech impairments to make outgoing telephone calls. Where inmate telephone calls are time-limited, the City will adopt policies permitting inmates who use TTY's a longer period of time to make those calls, due to the slower nature of TTY communications compared with voice communications.
22. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will amend its employment policies, as necessary, to comply with the regulations of the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission implementing title I of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, codified at 29 C.F.R. Part 1630. At minimum, those policies will provide that the City:
C will not discriminate on the basis of disability in its hiring or employment practices.
C will not ask a job applicant about the existence, nature, or severity of a disability. Applicants may be asked about their ability to perform specific job functions. Medical examinations or inquiries may be made, but only after a conditional offer of employment is made and only if required of all applicants for the position.
C will make reasonable accommodations for the known physical or mental limitations of a qualified applicant or employee with a disability upon request unless the accommodation would cause an undue hardship on the operation of the City's business. If an applicant or an employee requests a reasonable accommodation and the individual's disability and need for the accommodation are not readily apparent or otherwise known, the City may ask the individual for information necessary to determine if the individual has a disability-related need for the accommodation.
C will maintain any employee's medical records separate from personnel files and keep them confidential.
C will make an individualized assessment of whether a qualified individual with a disability meets selection criteria for employment decisions. To the extent the City's selection criteria have the effect of disqualifying an individual because of disability, those criteria will be job-related and consistent with business necessity.
23. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will identify and report to the Department all streets, roads, and highways that have been constructed or altered since January 26, 1992. Paving, repaving, or resurfacing a street, road, or highway is considered an alteration for the purposes of this Agreement. Filling a pothole is not considered an alteration for the purposes of this Agreement. Within nine years of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will provide curb ramps or other sloped areas complying with the Standards or UFAS at all intersections of the streets, roads, and highways identified under this paragraph having curbs or other barriers to entry from a street level pedestrian walkway.
24. Beginning no later than three months after the effective date of this Agreement, the City will provide curb ramps or other sloped areas complying with the Standards or UFAS at any intersection having curbs or other barriers to entry from a street level pedestrian walkway, whenever a new street, road, or highway is constructed or altered.
25. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will identify all street level pedestrian walkways that have been constructed or altered since January 26, 1992. Paving, repaving, or resurfacing a walkway is considered an alteration for the purposes of this Agreement. Within 9 years of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will provide curb ramps or other sloped areas complying with the Standards or UFAS at all places where a street level pedestrian walkway identified under this paragraph intersects with a street, road, or highway.
26. Beginning no later than three months after the effective date of this Agreement, the City will provide curb ramps or other sloped areas complying with the Standards or UFAS at all newly constructed or altered pedestrian walkways where they intersect a street, road, or highway.
27. Within 1 month of the effective date of this Agreement, and on subsequent anniversaries of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will distribute to all persons – employees and contractors – who design, develop, maintain, or otherwise have responsibility for content and format of its website(s) or third party websites used by the City (Internet Personnel) the technical assistance document, "Accessibility of State and Local Government Websites to People with Disabilities," which is Attachment H to this Agreement (it is also available at www.ada.gov/websites2.htm).
28. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, and throughout the life of the Agreement, the City will do the following:
A. Establish, implement, and post online a policy that its web pages will be accessible and create a process for implementation;
B. Ensure that all new and modified web pages and content are accessible;
C. Develop and implement a plan for making existing web content more accessible;
D. Provide a way for online visitors to request accessible information or services by posting a telephone number or e-mail address on its home page; and
E. Periodically (at least annually) enlist people with disabilities to test its pages for ease of use.
29. The elements or features of the City's facilities that do not comply with the Standards, including those listed in Attachments I, J, and K, prevent persons with disabilities from fully and equally enjoying the City's services, programs, or activities and constitute discrimination on the basis of disability within the meaning of 42 U.S.C. § 12132 and 28 C.F.R. §§ 35.149 and 35.150.
30. The City will comply with the cited provisions of the Standards when taking the actions required by this Agreement.
31. Within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will install signage as necessary to comply with 28 C.F.R. § 35.163(b), after having surveyed all facilities that are the subject of this Agreement for the purpose of identifying those that have multiple entrances not all of which are accessible.
32. Newly Constructed Facilities: In order to ensure that the following spaces and elements in City facilities, for which construction was commenced after January 26, 1992, are readily accessible to and usable by persons with disabilities, the City will take the actions listed in Attachment I.
33. Altered Facilities: In order to ensure that the following spaces and elements in City facilities, for which alterations commenced after January 26, 1992, are readily accessible to and usable by persons with disabilities, the City will take the actions listed in Attachment J.
34. Program Access in City Existing Facilities: In order to ensure that each of the City's programs, services, and activities operating at a facility that is the subject of this Agreement, when viewed in its entirety, is readily accessible to and usable by persons with mobility impairments, the City will take the actions listed in Attachment K.
35. If the City owns or operates any Domestic Violence Programs, within three months of the effective date of this Agreement, it will do the following:
A. Whatever written information is provided regarding its Domestic Violence Programs will also be provided in alternate formats, including Braille, large print, audio recording, and electronic formats, upon request.
B. Enter into contracts or make other arrangements with qualified sign language and oral interpreters to ensure their availability when required for effective communication with persons who are deaf or hard of hearing. The type of aid that will be required for effective communication will depend on the individual's usual method of communication, and the nature, importance, and duration of the communication at issue. In many circumstances, oral communication supplemented by gestures and visual aids, an exchange of written notes, use of a computer or typewriter, or use of an assistive listening device may be effective. In other circumstances, qualified sign language or oral interpreters are needed to communicate effectively with persons who are deaf or hard of hearing. The more lengthy, complex, and important the communication, the more likely it is that a qualified interpreter will be required for effective communication with a person whose primary means of communication is sign language or speech reading.
C. If the City's Domestic Violence Programs operate a hotline to take telephone calls of an emergency nature, the City shall ensure that it provides equivalent service for persons who use TTY's, including providing direct-connection service for TTY users with hotline operators, without requiring TTY users to call through a third party operator, such as through the state or local Telecommunication Relay Services. The City will obtain the necessary equipment, establish the written procedures, and provide the training necessary to ensure effective communication by Hotline staff with direct-connection callers using TTY's, as well as the training necessary to respond to callers who use the Telecommunication Relay Services.
D. Survey facilities used as shelters or designated as potential shelters – or for counseling, job training, education, clothing or household provisioning, or other aspects of Domestic Violence Programs – to ensure that adequate arrangements are available for potential clients and family members with disabilities, including adults and children who have mobility impairments, who are blind or have low vision, and who are deaf or hard of hearing. Within one year of the effective date of this Agreement, modify each such facility to remove the barriers or, alternatively, procure another, fully accessible facility to ensure that potential clients and family members with disabilities have integrated options when participating in a sheltering or other Domestic Violence program. Nothing in this Agreement requires any modifications that would compromise the confidentiality of a shelter or counseling center. Until there is a sufficient stock of accessible housing and other facilities within the sheltering program, the City will implement written procedures ensuring that it has identified temporary accessible housing (such as accessible hotel rooms within the community or in nearby communities) and other facilities that could be used if people with disabilities need sheltering or inservice access to a Domestic Violence Program. The cost to potential clients of being housed or otherwise served in alternate accessible facilities shall not exceed any costs normally attributed to clients of the City's Domestic Violence Programs.
E. Implement written procedures and modify, as appropriate, eligibility criteria, to ensure that no person with a disability is turned away from a shelter or otherwise denied the opportunity to benefit from the services of the City's Domestic Violence Programs on the basis of disability.
F. Implement written procedures to ensure that persons with disabilities who use service animals are not denied or discouraged from participating in Domestic Violence Programs, are able to be housed and served in an integrated environment, and are not separated from their service animals while participating in the City's Domestic Violence Programs even if pets are normally not permitted in the facilities where such programs are conducted. The procedures will not unnecessarily segregate persons who use service animals from others but may take into account the potential presence of persons who, for safety or health reasons, should not be in contact with certain types of animals. If the City's Domestic Violence Programs require clients to make any payments for shelter or other services they provide, clients shall not be required to make additional payments because they or their family members use service animals.
G. Implement written procedures to ensure that reasonable modifications are made to City's Domestic Violence Programs when necessary for a client or family member with a disability to participate in such Programs, unless doing so would fundamentally alter the nature of the program.
H. Implement written policies to ensure that despite any "drug-free" policy of City's Domestic Violence Programs, persons with disabilities who use medication prescribed for their use are able to continue using such medication while participating in such Programs or being housed in a shelter.
36. If the City contracts with another entity to provide or operate programs that provide shelter, counseling, or other assistance or supportive services to victims of domestic violence or abuse and their families (hereafter referred to as "Domestic Violence Programs"), it will ensure that the other entity complies with the preceding provisions on its behalf. If that entity will not comply with the following provisions, the [City/County] will nonetheless take all necessary steps to ensure that its program is accessible to persons with disabilities.
37. Some of the of the City's shelters may be owned or operated by other public entities subject to title II or by public accommodations subject to title III and, as such, are subject to the obligation to provide program access or remove barriers to accessibility under the ADA. This Agreement does not limit such future enforcement action against the owners or operators of these facilities by any person or entity, including the Department.
38. This Agreement shall not be construed to require the City to divulge confidential information relating to the location or existence of any Domestic Violence Programs, beyond what is otherwise required by applicable law or what is necessary for the Department to effectively enforce this Agreement.
39. Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, at yearly anniversaries of the effective date of this Agreement until it expires, the City will submit written reports to the Department summarizing the actions the City has taken pursuant to this Agreement. Reports will include detailed photographs showing measurements, architectural plans, work orders, notices published in the newspaper, copies of adopted policies, and proof of efforts to secure funding/assistance for structural renovations or equipment.
40. Throughout the life of this Agreement, consistent with 28 C.F.R. § 35.133(a), the City will maintain the accessibility of its programs, activities, services, facilities, and equipment, and will take whatever actions are necessary (such as routine testing of accessibility equipment and routine accessibility audits of its programs and facilities) to do so. This provision does not prohibit isolated or temporary interruptions in service or access due to maintenance or repairs. 28 C.F.R. § 35.133(b).
41. Within six months of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will develop or procure a two-hour training program on the requirements of the ADA and appropriate ways of serving persons with disabilities. The City will use the ADA technical assistance materials developed by the Department and will consult with interested persons, including individuals with disabilities, in developing or procuring the ADA training program.
42. Within one year of the effective date of this Agreement, the City will deliver its training program to all City employees who have direct contact with members of the public. At the end of that period, the City will submit a copy of its training curriculum and materials to the Department, along with a list of employees trained and the name, title, and address of the trainer.
43. If at any time the City desires to modify any portion of this Agreement because of changed conditions making performance impossible or impractical or for any other reason, it will promptly notify the Department in writing, setting forth the facts and circumstances thought to justify modification and the substance of the proposed modification. Until there is written Agreement by the Department to the proposed modification, the proposed modification will not take effect. These actions must receive the prior written approval of the Department, which approval will not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.
44. The Department may review compliance with this Agreement at any time. If the Department believes that the City has failed to comply in a timely manner with any requirement of this Agreement without obtaining sufficient advance written agreement with the Department for a modification of the relevant terms, the Department will so notify the City in writing and it will attempt to resolve the issue or issues in good faith. If the Department is unable to reach a satisfactory resolution of the issue or issues raised within 30 days of the date it provides notice to the City, it may institute a civil action in federal district court to enforce the terms of this Agreement, or it may initiate appropriate steps to enforce title II and section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.
45. For purposes of the immediately preceding paragraph, it is a violation of this Agreement for the City to fail to comply in a timely manner with any of its requirements without obtaining sufficient advance written agreement with the Department for an extension of the relevant time frame imposed by the Agreement.
46. Failure by the Department to enforce this entire Agreement or any provision thereof with regard to any deadline or any other provision herein will not be construed as a waiver of the Department's right to enforce other deadlines and provisions of this Agreement.
47. This Agreement is a public document. A copy of this document or any information contained in it will be made available to any person by the City or the Department on request.
48. This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties on the matters raised herein, and no other statement, promise, or agreement, either written or oral, made by either party or agents of either party, that is not contained in this written Agreement (including its Attachments, which are hereby incorporated by reference), will be enforceable. This Agreement does not purport to remedy any other potential violations of the ADA or any other federal law. This Agreement does not affect the City's continuing responsibility to comply with all aspects of the ADA and section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act.
49. This Agreement will remain in effect for 10 years.
50. The person signing for the City represents that he or she is authorized to bind the City to this Agreement.
51. The effective date of this Agreement is January 1, 2006.
For the City:
By: ____________________________
MIKE FAHEY, Mayor
1819 Farnam Street
Suite 300
Omaha, NE 68183
Date: ___________________________
For the United States:
Acting Assistant Attorney General
JOHN L. WODATCH, Chief
JEANINE WORDEN, Deputy Chief
MARY LOU MOBLEY, Senior Counsel
U.S. Department of Justice
Civil Rights Division
950 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W.
Disability Rights Section - NYA
Washington, DC 20530
Date: ______________________________


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Buy an Axon, Axon II, or Axon Mote and build a great robot, while helping to support SoR.
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Also with no incline how would the weight play into acceleration other than friction. so right now I have a motor with 18 in-oz(1.45 kgf-cm) torque motor with 197 rpm and a 4 in diameter wheel. I found out that the velocity would be about 2 ft/s and the acceleration to be 4 ft/s with no slipping. does this sound right? so would this mean that my robot will be traveling 2 ft/s with an acceleration of 4 ft/s? that seems pretty fast and i know that this is with the motor running at full potential. The robot should weigh about 5 lb and i don't know how to incorporate that into my calculation? any suggestion?
assuming level ground, no rolling friction, constant torque, no air resistance, 100% efficiency, and no inertia for rotating parts

subset: commoncrawl


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Located in the hill state of Uttarakhand, in western Himalaya, Dehra Dun & Mussoorie have some of the best schools in India. This guide provides information of around 100 schools, with details
on location, campus, atmosphere, breadth of the curriculum, affiliation, facilities, fee structure, admission procedure, scholarships and much more.
doonschools.in is for students, teachers and for parents, who are always keen to send their children to Doon,
the hallmark of school education in India. doonschools.in is based on the best selling book "Guide to Schools of Doon" by Sandeep Dutt.
Capital of Uttarakhand.
Located about 2300 feet above sea level.
About 240 kms North-East of New Delhi.
Situated in the Himalayan foothill.
Green foliage and healthy climate.
Good communication links, including air, road & rail transportation,position the town better than even the NCR region of Delhi.
Famous for schools and over 25,000 students pass out every year.
Good hospitals and nursing homes.
University, Medical and Engineering College.
High literacy percentage.
Good English speaking populace.
Uninterrupted power supply.
Over 200 Computer training centres.
© Sandeep Dutt.
For Comments/feedback Webmaster | Disclaimer


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Jean-Luc Moulène : Opus + One
Members $8.00
This book, the first critical study of Jean-Luc Moulène's work, brings together leading scholars to examine the artist's diverse aesthetic strategies and interests in the relationships between social and political arenas and systems and orders, including geometry, mathematics, social sciences, and human behavior. Featured essays also examine Moulène's theoretical and playful inquiries into the plasticity of materials and the ways we see and understand both still and moving images.
Publication Details
- Publisher
- Dia Art Foundation and Yale University Press
- 9780300188820
- Publication date
- 2012
- Format
- Hardcover
- Pages
- 288 pages
- Dimension
- 7 x 9.5 in.
- Publication credits
- Edited by Yasmil Raymond. Contributions by Philippe Vergne, Tom McDonough, Briony Fer, Corinne Diserens, Manuel Joseph, and Jalal Touric
Related Artists
Jean-Luc Moulène
Jean-Luc Moulène was born in Reims, France, in 1955. He lives and works in Paris.


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Dundee and Angus College comprises three main campuses, two in Dundee and one in Arbroath, as well as two learning centres across the Angus region.
The college has excellent links with many universities, making it easier for students to progress to a degree programme, often directly to second or third year.
Courses and subjects
Courses range from introductory level to HND and degree courses. There is a wide curriculum on offer through the following areas: Access; Access to Higher Education; Accounting; Administration and IT; Agriculture and Estates, Animal Care; Art and Design; Building Services and Built Environment; Business and Administration; Children and Young People; Computing and Creative Media; Construction Crafts; Engineering; English Language, TEFL, British Sign Language; Fashion Business, Hair, Beauty and Complementary Therapies; Health and Social Care; Horticulture; Hospitality and Professional Cookery; Housing; National Qualifications; Performing Arts; Science; Service Design; Social Science; Sport and Fitness; Supported Education; Travel and Tourism.
As well as articulation agreements with universities, the college has long established links with employers and industrial training bodies, meaning courses are relevant to current employment opportunities.
Facilities and services
The Arbroath Campus offers specialist rooms and workshops including creative studies workshops; a hair and beauty salon; training restaurant; and the Helping Hands Nursery.
The Gardyne Campus is a new state-of-the-art building with leading technology, including a recording studio and theatre. Sports facilities include a fitness suite, swimming pool and outdoor playing fields.
The Kingsway Campus is home to The Space, an award-winning dance and theatre complex with a 200 seat theatre. It also has hair and beauty salons and training restaurant.
The college is an accredited centre for the delivery of professional qualifications for a range of awarding bodies including the Association of Accounting Technicians (AAT), and the Institute of Leadership and Management (ILM).
Courtesy of Dundee and Angus College
Old Glamis Road


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ICD-10-CM Code M62.49
Contracture of muscle, multiple sites
Billable CodeBillable codes are sufficient justification for admission to an acute care hospital when used a principal diagnosis.
M62.49 is a billable ICD code used to specify a diagnosis of contracture of muscle, multiple sites. A 'billable code' is detailed enough to be used to specify a medical diagnosis.
The ICD code M624 is used to code Contracture
A muscle contracture is a permanent shortening of a muscle or joint. It is usually in response to prolonged hypertonic spasticity in a concentrated muscle area, such as is seen in the tightest muscles of people with conditions like spastic cerebral palsy.
|Emergency Medicine
|MeSH Codes:
|ICD 9 Codes:
|718.4, 727.81, 728.6, 958.6
MS-DRG Mapping
- DRG Group #555-556 - Signs and symptoms of musculoskeletal system and connective tissue with MCC.
- DRG Group #555-556 - Signs and symptoms of musculoskeletal system and connective tissue without MCC.
ICD-10-CM Alphabetical Index References for 'M62.49 - Contracture of muscle, multiple sites'
The ICD-10-CM Alphabetical Index links the below-listed medical terms to the ICD code M62.49. Click on any term below to browse the alphabetical index.
Equivalent ICD-9 Code GENERAL EQUIVALENCE MAPPINGS (GEM)
This is the official approximate match mapping between ICD9 and ICD10, as provided by the General Equivalency mapping crosswalk. This means that while there is no exact mapping between this ICD10 code M62.49 and a single ICD9 code, 728.85 is an approximate match for comparison and conversion purposes.
Parent Code: M62.4 - Contracture of muscle


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You ever notice why some of your pictures look like they've been stained yellow or red while others look swamped with green or blue? It's because of your camera's white balance setting! The easiest way to take better pictures is to fix your white balance and this chart tells you how.
Different lights light up differently. As in, some are redder or yellower and you need to adjust your camera accordingly. The color temperature scale made by Digital Camera World shows where different light sources fall and what setting your camera's white balance needs to be. Simple! You'll get much more accurate pictures that actually look like real life as opposed to terrible and awkward shots that look like they've been peed on.
To be more specific on the color temperature, Wikipedia categorizes different light sources like this:
- 1,700 K - Match flame
- 1,850 K - Candle flame, sunset/sunrise
- 2,700–3,300 K - Incandescent light bulb
- 3,000 K - Soft White compact fluorescent light bulb
- 3,200 K - Studio lamps, photofloods, etc.
- 3,350 K - Studio "CP" light
- 4,100–4,150 K - Moonlight,[2] xenon arc lamp
- 5,000 K - Horizon daylight
- 5,000 K - Fluorescent light tubes or Cool White/Daylight compact fluorescent light bulb
- 5,500–6,000 K - Vertical daylight, electronic flash
- 6,500 K - Daylight, overcast
- 6,500–9,300 K - LCD or CRT screen
Learn the numbers! [Digital Camera World via PetaPixel]


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We need to stop telling ourselves lies about the risks of mountain sports.
I recently attended a rare event: a memorial for someone who didn't die in the mountains. This particular high-achieving friend died of alcoholism, but was his addiction really so different than my own devotion to mountain sports? He knew alcohol would kill him, but chose to drink. And I am increasingly certain that if anyone spends enough time in the mountains, he or she will die there.
I often hear friends make statistically insane comments such as, "You can die on the way to the mountains just as easily as you can die in the mountains." That statement, for the record, is a stinking pile of self-delusional excrement that does not smell any less foul with repeated exposure. The ignorance behind those words makes me seethe internally—because I once believed exactly the same thing.
I do a lot of presentations about mountain sports, and sometimes share a list of dead friends to remind myself and the audience that the hidden price for the stunning photographs is all-too-regularly life itself. There are 27 names on my list. Not one of those friends died while driving to the mountains. Not one died on a commercial airline flight. To equate the risks of mountain sports to everyday activities like driving or even the chance of death from cancer is completely idiotic. Every friend on my list drove to the mountains a lot, and some even wrecked vehicles and spent time in the hospital from those crashes. But they died doing mountain sports.
As the list grows longer, I have a harder and harder time understanding why I take the risks I do out there. Yes, I'm careful; yes, I use good gear; yes, I run away a lot in the face of peril—but there are always elevated dangers in sports such as climbing, whitewater kayaking and paragliding. Each friend's death has been a crack in my mental foundation of "managed risk." And then, two months ago, that foundation was shattered with the sound of someone's spine breaking. I had launched my glider off Mount Lady MacDonald, north of Canmore, and was 500 feet above my friend Stewart when he plummeted into the rocks shortly after takeoff.
I almost puked in the air as I watched and heard him hit. I didn't think anyone could survive the impact he took, and the spinning fall down the scree that followed. Thanks to prompt first aid from some great people who happened to be hiking in the area, and to a helicopter rescue team from Canmore, Stewart was in a good hospital only two hours after his accident. He remains there, with hopefully temporary spinal damage. I was thrilled when I heard that he had survived—unlike the dead, he would have the opportunity to say what he needed to his friends and family. He might even recover fully.
Just one week before Stewart crashed, I had the best flight of my life, straight over the iconic granite spires of the Bugaboos in southeastern B.C. Pure joy is how I'd describe that flight. But I haven't flown since Stewart's accident in August; the thought honestly makes me nauseous. Why?
Strangely, Stewart's survival has affected me far more than if he had died. The difference with Stewart is that I can look into his eyes and see the damage. I can talk with Stewart and see the pain he is fighting through. While I admire the hell out of his courage and commitment to fight for every millimetre of progress, I also imagine not being able to hold my own children. Stewart's wounds don't fade into memory the way a fatality does—it's hard to "get over" something that's still staring you in the face. Some of Stewart's comments are beautiful even as they are heart-rending: "If I could just get one hand back it would make all the difference."
Some of my own anger probably comes from an ever-greater sense of mortality. I desperately love the fullness of life, and I desperately love mountain sports. I look at Stewart learning to eat again (he does have one arm back!) and feel true happiness that he is able to, but then I look at my glider in its bag and have to look away. I love sharing the mountains with people, but wonder how many of them will end up on my list. My world view is falling apart, and it's about as comfortable as getting scalded in the shower: I want to jump away, but there's nowhere to go.
No single day in the mountains is worth dying for, so it must be the sum of the days that is worth that risk. I tell myself that, but these days I have more empathy for the religious who have lost their faith. They, too, are often angry. The psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross said there are five stages of grief. If so, I'm only on stage two, anger, and a hell of a long way from the final stage of acceptance. How will I ever "accept" this level of carnage, year after year?


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Indiana Environment Specialty License Plate - NR 3532 - February 1999 tag
"Very good / excellent condition"
Plate is expired at least 3 years.
If you need more information or more detailed photos of this item, please send a message. Feel free to browse other cool items, unique holiday gifts, collectibles, and the wide range of other items in my store! Follow The Crallspace for strange bric-a-brac and other unexpected surprises discovered mostly here in Oregon.
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Sale Price: US $27.77


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IBM raises dividend 12 pct, authorizes $5B buyback
IBM says its board has raised its regular quarterly dividend by 12 percent to 95 cents and approved a plan to repurchase up to $5 billion of its stock.
IBM Corp. said Tuesday that the dividend is payable on June 10 to shareholders of record as of May 10. The Armonk, N.Y.-based technology company says this is the 18th year in a row that it has raised its quarterly dividend.
IBM says the stock buyback authorization is in addition to $6.2 billion that's still left from a previous one.
© 2013 The Associated Press. All rights reserved.


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Racy named Chief Strategy Officer at UCM
April 7, 2013
(WARRENSBURG, Mo., digitalBURG) – The University of Central Missouri has named Mike Racy, vice president for the National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II, as the university's first Chief Strategy Officer.
UCM's Board of Governors approved Racy's appointment when it met in a closed session March 29 on campus. The resident of Fishers, Ind. will begin his new duties in mid-July.
"Since adopting our new strategic positioning initiative in fall 2012, UCM has continued to move forward at a rapid pace on several initiatives that will further strengthen the institution," said UCM President Charles Ambrose. "We're extremely fortunate to take advantage of Mike Racy's many years of experience as an innovator, effective leader, and strategist to keep us on course and continue our progress. We look forward to having Mike as a member of the university's leadership team."
Among his many duties at UCM, Racy will serve as lead facilitator for the Strategic Leadership Team, and help to create, execute, communicate and assess strategic projects at multiple levels. He will work with local, state and national legislators to strengthen and expand relationships that will help further UCM's mission and contribute to local and state economic development.
He will also represent the president on a number of forums, and provide project management for various levels of implementation of the strategic planning initiative, the strategic governance model, strategic positioning, and specifically, the Missouri Innovation Campus, and the recently established Learning to a Greater Degree Contract for college completion initiative.
Board President Bunky Wright, Columbia, noted that considering President Ambrose's active schedule and increasing workload, the governors have encouraged him to hire a person who could work directly with the president to accomplish key projects and initiatives. Wright said Racy proved his ability to work well with the campus community during the six months he spent at UCM in 2011 as part of the American Council on Education Fellowship.
"The board is extremely pleased that the Chief Strategy Officer's position has been established and that Mike Racy is going to serve in this important role," Wright said. "We knew Mike as an ACE Fellow and were quite impressed with him. With so many important initiatives in progress that are vital to the success of UCM and our students, we are confident he will provide a wealth of knowledge and experience to help us maintain our momentum and aggressively continue to move forward."
The ACE Fellows Program was established in 1965, and is the longest-running leadership development program in the United States focused on identifying and preparing promising senior faculty and administrators to work in higher education. According to Ambrose, while Racy was on campus he recognized the need and helped define the role of the Chief Strategy Officer.
"I have developed friendships on campus and I'm looking forward to reconnecting with folks I worked with briefly during my ACE Fellowship," Racy said in talking about his new post. "I'm excited to join UCM. I consider it to be a school on the move. It's a progressive institution, and for me to come in and play a small role in helping UCM students achieve their goals, and develop skills for lifelong success, that makes me very excited."
As NCAA Division II vice president, Racy serves as a member of the NCAA President's Cabinet. He manages the Division II governance structure and the division's $30 million annual budget; provides leadership in the consideration of policies, legislation and issues that affect Division II member institutions and conferences; and coordinates the national office staff support and services for the division's membership.
Racy joined the NCAA staff in November 1993 as a legislative assistant, and was assigned by the NCAA Presidents Commission to assist with a special project to reorganize the governance structure for all three NCAA divisions and to rewrite the association's constitution. He became the assistant chief of staff for NCAA Division II in 1996, and was named chief of staff in 1999 (retitled as vice president in 2003).
A Kansas native, Racy was born in Lawrence and grew up in Abilene. He attended Washburn University in Topeka and worked for the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics after his graduation, then went on to earn a law degree from the University of Missouri-Kansas City, in 1992. That was followed by his legal practice with Gage and Tucker (now Lathrop and Gage) law firm in Kansas City as a general litigation attorney.
Racy and his wife, Kathy, are the parents of three boys, Cal, 15; Zac, 13; and Ty, 10. He noted that moving to UCM will also bring his family closer to relatives living in Overland Park and other nearby Kansas communities. While he and his family look forward to moving to the area, and becoming supporters of Mules and Jennies athletics, Racy said he is eager to begin work with Ambrose and the entire university.
As he put it, "I've known Dr. Ambrose for a long time. Just the opportunity to work in his office and do what I can to help the university accomplish its strategic goals and initiatives is an exciting opportunity I just couldn't pass up."


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James Neoman
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Bridge cameras fill a niche due to the huge zoom ranges that can be achieved when designing a camera around a small sensor, while keeping the camera body relatively compact.
The Panasonic DMC-FZ48 is very similar to the previously released Panasonic FZ45, which currently retails at around £250. It has the same 24x lens, providing an angle of view equivalent to a 25-600mm lens on a 35mm camera and the same 'Sonic Speed AF' system, which promises fast and accurate focusing.
The Panasonic DMC-FZ48 is very similar to the previously released Panasonic FZ45, which currently retails at around £250. It has the same 24x lens, providing an angle of view equivalent to a 25-600mm lens on a 35mm camera and the same 'Sonic Speed AF' system, which promises fast and accurate focusing.
The updated FZ48 retails for around £320, which is competitively priced when compared to direct competition.
The major differences lie in the sensor, which is a modest 12.1 megapixel CCD in the FZ48, while its predecessor sports a 14.1 megapixel sensor.
The logic behind reducing the resolution must be to improve the camera's performance at high ISO sensitivities, although the choice of a CCD sensor over the latest back-illuminated CMOS technology is a little baffling. Supported ISO range settings cover ISO 100 - 1600, with no option for expansion.
The ability to take images in RAW format is also missing from the FZ48 camera, which may be limiting for more experienced photographers who enjoy the flexibility that RAW images offer.
Video recording is also improved in this updated model from the 720p recording offered by its predecessor. The FZ48 outputs 1080p HD footage at up to 25 frames per second in either AVCHD or Motion JPEG formats.
A connection for HDMI output direct to a high definition TV is supplied, and if you're lucky enough to own one of the latest 3D televisions, pictures taken in the 3D photo mode can be displayed in all their depth.
This mode works by taking multiple images as you move the camera in a straight line from left to right. The FZ48 pieces the images together, displaying them in 2D on the 3-inch LCD screen.
If the 24x zoom range supplied isn't enough, extra zoom range can be bought at the expense of resolution. Resolutions that support this feature are labelled with 'EZ' and will provide extra digital zoom until the resolution drops to the level specified by you in the menu.
Optical stabilisation is a necessity with high-zoom cameras such as the DMC-FZ48. Using default settings, the optical image stabilisation does a grand job of ironing out camera movement when shooting stills. The stabilisation and auto focus systems are amongst the most intuitive to use whilst shooting video.
Stabilisation is automatically enabled and the auto focus tries its best to keep up with changing distances, only taking a around a second to adjust to a sudden changes in subject distance. Stereo sound is recorded via the built-in microphone on top of the camera, but unfortunately there's no way to attach an external microphone.
The built-in flash extends roughly one inch above the camera, which should help to reduce red eye when taking images at close distances. The flash doesn't pop up automatically when required - the choice whether to use it or not is left up to you.
Enthusiasts will be pleased to see that manual exposure modes are available alongside the FZ48's huge selection of scene and automatic modes. This makes this camera suited to photographers with a wide range of experience.


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Today in the News: Tale of hero emerges from tragedy of Pa. school stabbings
Quote of note
"I don't know if Nate did it on purpose or just instinct. He took the stab right in his arm and saved my friend and me. I'm pretty sure it was his instinct. He didn't want anyone to get hurt. He told everybody to run away. I'm pretty sure he pulled the fire alarm." - Trinity McCool, a sophomore at Franklin Regional High School, talking about student Nate Scimio. Scimio saved Trinity and her friend when a student went on a stabbing and slashing spree this morning, and apparently pulled a fire alarm, which officials said helped clear out the school during the attack.
News to know
President Barack Obama today spoke at a memorial service for the victims of the recent Fort Hood shootings, which left four soldiers dead (including the shooter) and wounded 16. Five years ago, a similar service was held at Fort Hood after another shooting there. Obama said that "love tested by tragedy brings us together again."
Hot video: Cement truck flips, crashes into car
A dashcam caught a cement truck running a red light, turning on its side and crashing into a car. It's intense.
More Content Now News


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Blooms continue to flourish on clothing and accessories, but as ELLE points out they're blossoming from black as night backgrounds and taking on a darker mood this season. Bring home the look with inspiration from Kiane and Charlie von Mueffling's Manhattan apartment, designed by Iain Halliday. Here, a hand-painted silk wall covering in the foyer helps to create an environment Kiane describes as "modern, livable, and luxurious without being overdone."
Coveting more floral looks? Don't miss 20 rooms in bloom and favorite floral home decor.


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Bianca – Green High School Senior
Meet Bianca. Bianca is a beautiful young lady in her Senior year at Green High School. I just met Bianca the morning of our shoot. I do believe we nailed it during this couple of hours. The location was the perfect spot for the vibe Bianca was looking for in her photos. I am very happy that I have had the privilege to meet Bianca and her family. Great job Bianca !!!


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(CNN) -- Football players guzzle protein shakes, down steaks and lift weights. They train and gain weight, hoping to build mass under the careful eye of the team's coaches, nutritionists and gurus.
Former Atlanta Falcon and Carolina Panther Chuck Smith had to adjust his diet and fitness habits.
"It was a scripted lifestyle where they tell you how to eat, how to take care of yourself, how much body fat you should have," said Chuck Smith, a former defensive end for the Atlanta Falcons and the Carolina Panthers.
But once their glory days are over, they have the same problem as millions of other Americans: They're fat.
"When I trained, they told us to eat all you can eat," said Smith, who played in Super Bowl XXXIII with the Falcons. "Drink beer, eat peanut butter to gain weight. All those eating habits were great for football. But when I got done, no question I had to make adjustments."
Without scheduled practices, meals, and games on Sunday, it became tougher to keep in shape.
When players were younger, they had the opposite problem.
Many tried to gain weight, believing that bigger is better. But as they age and retire from football, many are seeing that "big" is causing problems.
Smith, who weighed 274 pounds during his professional days, often had four plates of food in one sitting "to keep my weight up." After retirement, Smith had to unlearn those habits.
"I had to retrain my thinking," he said. "I don't need to be full. I don't have to stuff myself to feel comfortable. That took a long time. You stuff yourself to gain weight, then you get out of shape."
Smith learned he had high cholesterol (he had to take Lipitor), and his blood pressure was climbing, too.
"I had to take the bon-bons out of my mouth," said Smith, 39. "I had to empower myself. Strength coaches, nutritionists aren't going to take care of me. Guys have to empower themselves to take care of themselves."
Smith is now a fitness trainer at Defensive Line Incorporated, where he works with football players. Through healthy foods and workouts, he trimmed his body fat, lowered his cholesterol and shed 50 pounds.
Some players understand the risks, said Dr. Archie Roberts, a former National Football League quarterback and retired cardiac surgeon.
"They understand that if they stay 250, 300, 350 pounds as they age, that's going to shorten their life span and cause them more health problems," he said. "Others don't get it and they're unable -- for whatever reason -- to lose the weight, and they will suffer the consequences, just like anybody else in the general population carrying too much weight."
Diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol are all cardiovascular risks associated with obesity.
Roberts heads the Living Heart Foundation, a nonprofit promoting health for former football players. For five years, he has conducted research to determine whether former football players are at added risk for heart problems (they're not).
After left tackle Bob Whitfield retired from the New York Giants in 2007, he gained 20 pounds. The 37-year-old Pro-Bowler is trying to lose 40 pounds, which would bring him to 290 pounds, the lowest he has weighed since ninth grade.
"You don't want to be the person at the buffet and people look at you crazy," Whitfield said. "Overall, you want to have a healthier lifestyle. It doesn't mean you want to be muscled up. ... I don't want to be the biggest man in the room anymore."
Looking back at his career, Whitfield doesn't think his size made him a better player.
"When that mass gets too heavy, you decline, you can't accelerate, you don't have as much force," he said. "I never felt that being bigger gives you a competitive advantage. I put it on flexibility, the explosive nature of your movements."
Several decades ago, 300-pound players were a rarity; now, the league has more than 500, Roberts said.
Decades ago, the Washington Redskins' offensive line was known for its size and dominance.
"They had the largest line in the NFL, called the Hogs, 20 years ago," said Dr. Ben Levine, director of the Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital in Dallas, and professor of medicine. "If you go back and look at their size, they're about the size of the running backs today. The impression was these guys were massive, huge. They couldn't play in the NFL today. They're too small."
Smith said he wasn't forced to gain weight, but perceptions exist on how a player should look based on his position. That "needs to change in the NFL," he said.
Being faster, stronger and more aggressive is more important than size, Smith said. He drew an analogy to airline stewardesses: "We want her to be tall and slim so she can walk down the aisles. Now is there really a difference between a 135-pound woman and a 150? Well, maybe a little bit different in the hips, but the same effectiveness happens when she does her job."
He added, "I'm a classic example that size doesn't matter."
But that's not what young, aspiring players think.
Jackie Buell, director of sports nutrition at Ohio State University, said she encounters players who seek to gain as much as 30 pounds by next season and seldom care whether it's fat or muscle.
Buell's research examined 70 college linemen and found that nearly half have metabolic syndrome, meaning that the players have at least three of the five risk factors of developing diabetes and heart disease. Her next project is to explore whether junior high and high school football players are developing metabolic syndrome.
"My fear is, these young men have this metabolic profile, what happens when they stop working out intensively?" Buell said.
All About Super Bowl • National Football League • Weight Loss


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About Starbreeze
Starbreeze is an independent developer & creator of PC and console games targeting the global market, with studios in Stockholm, Barcelona and Paris. Housing the smash hit IP PAYDAY, Starbreeze develops games based on proprietary and third-party rights, both in-house and in partnership with external game developers. Starbreeze shares are listed on Nasdaq Stockholm under the tickers STAR A and STAR B with the ISIN-codes SE0007158928 (A share) and SE0005992831 (B share). For more information, please visit starbreeze.com
Our games
We develop engaging, thrilling, fast paced and adrenalin fuelled games in-house, and in partnership with other studios.
Our People
We offer you a to work in a dynamic and rapidly growing company where we live and die by gameplay. While we grow, we want you to grow with us and to evolve in your professional development. We'll change the landscape of entertainment together.
Contact us
Don't hesitate to get in touch with us!
Starbreeze HQ
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111 56, Stockholm, SWEDEN.
General Enquiries
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More local veterans reporting possible poisoning from Gagetown training
Some sick Massachusetts veterans are wondering if their medical conditions are linked to time spent at a training camp in New Brunswick, after reading a Daily News report last week about toxic defoliants used at the Canadian base.
Documents show millions of liters of the chemical defoliants Agent Orange, Purple or White were sprayed over thousands of acres of Canadian Forces Base Gagetown from 1956 to 1984, potentially exposing the Canadian, American and British soldiers who trained there.
:It's not surprising,'' said George Cameron, department service officer for the Massachusetts American Legion. "A lot of stuff happens in the military that people don't know about - not even soldiers.''
Cameron said in the past week, after the Feb. 14 Daily News report about defoliants used at the Canadian base where Americans trained, he has received about 15 phone calls from Massachusetts National Guard and Army Reserve veterans who served in Gagetown in the 1980s. He said some were sick and others voiced concern they may have been exposed to the herbicides.
The toxin became widely known after its use to defoliate jungles in Vietnam left many American soldiers and Vietnamese soldiers and civilians sick from exposure.
According to the Canadian Department of National Defence, in cooperation with the United States, the chemicals were sprayed for three days in 1966 and four days in 1967 to test "their effectiveness.''
However, a DND document obtained in 2005 through the Freedom to Information Act shows 3.3 million liters of the chemicals was sprayed over 181,000 acres of the base from 1956 to 1984.
"If they have a disability, I would say file a claim with the (Department of Veterans Affairs) immediately,'' Cameron said. "If they don't have a currently diagnosed condition and they're worried about exposure, they should keep track of it with their doctor.''
The VA recognizes certain conditions as related to Agent Orange exposure, and includes Type II diabetes, respiratory diseases, prostate cancer and Parkinson's disease, among others.
According to the VA, scientists from the U.S. Army's Ft. Detrick Plant Science Lab in Maryland went to Gagetown to test various herbicides from only June 20-24, 1967, and only veterans on the base at that time may qualify for service-connected disability benefits.
However, a spokesman from the VA's regional office for veterans benefits in Boston suggests veterans who are sick and served in Gagetown at a later date file a claim if they suspect they were exposed to Agent Orange.
The Canadian law firm Merchant Law Group LLP is representing about 4,000 Canadian veterans, widows and civilians in a class action lawsuit seeking compensation from the Canadian government for health problems caused by the chemicals.
"The entire size of the class could be in the range of 440,000 - a figure derived from governmental records of who was there from 1956 to present,'' said Casey Churko, a law associate working on the case.
Churko said the firm is representing anyone who trained in Gagetown from 1956 to the present day "because of the residual effects of chemicals in the soil.''
Dr. Wayne Dwernychuk, a Canadian biologist with the Hatfield Consultants - a Canadian firm that monitors and mitigates environmental conditions around the world, has consulted Merchant Law and said dioxins - the harmful byproduct of the herbicides Á can last a lifetime.
"It can remain in the soil for over 100 years, it's a very persistent dioxin,'' Dwernychuk said. "It will break down chemically through (ultraviolet) light. However, it's very slow. If dioxins are buried in the soil, they can remain in the soil for 100 years - no problem.''
He said soldiers' exposure may vary.
"You've got to think of the weather conditions. If it's raining a lot, there's going to be erosion and some chemical decomposition,'' he said. "If dioxins are in the ground, and there are a lot of (soldiers) digging foxholes, (dioxins can enter the body) through ingestion, inhalation, and (skin) absorption.''
Since 1994, Dwernychuk and the firm, along with the United States Agency for International Development and the Ford Foundation, have been working to clean up dioxin from a military air base in Da Nang, Vietnam.
From his research, he has no doubt soldiers were exposed to the dioxins in Gagetown.
"There certainly was exposure of the troops, whether they be Canadian or American, to Agent Orange residue through dioxin in the soil,'' Dwernychuk said.
Today, American vets are left wondering why they never knew about this situation.
"Knowing the government the way I do, and knowing the military, they don't tell you everything all the time,'' said veteran Ralph Berardi, a Milford native. ``It's unfortunate, but that's life.''
Berardi, 57, spent 27 years in the military, and went to Gagetown for a pre-camp conference in 1987 with the 505th ASA Company - a unit that supported the 26th Yankee Division of the National Guard.
"We spent three days driving up in the boonies, looking for possible places to set up,'' Berardi said. "What amazes me, is the camp is out in the middle of nowhere. It's heavily wooded, yet wide stretches were totally barren. I thought it was totally strange.''
In 2001, he developed a stage 4 cancerous tumor in his bladder, which was surgically removed and is now in remission.
In 2003, he was diagnosed with Type II Diabetes, a medical condition the VA lists as being related to Agent Orange exposure.
In 2004, he had another cancerous tumor in a sweat gland of his face removed. Three months ago, the cancer came back.
"I have no idea if (my conditions) are related'' to Gagetown, he said. "All I know is I come from a large family, and nobody else in the family has any cancer except for me.''
Berardi, who currently lives in Clinton and works for Intel Corp. in Hudson, can't understand why he and other soldiers were never made aware of the potentially hazardous training ground.
"Why didn't they tell us, as members of the American Army, that something hazardous was there? If they said that, of course we would've been a little more careful,'' he said. "I've been to other pre-camp conferences ... any time we go anywhere, they'd always give us an extensive briefing of what's in the area, where to go, and what to do. If there was anything that was hazardous or off limits, they would tell you. There was no mention in 1987 if there was any kind of hazardous areas in Gagetown at all.''
Guardsman and reservist John Delcore, 54, of Ayer, spent months in Gagetown between 1984 and 1991 and thinks soldiers would have been warned had officials known about the spraying.
"Nothing was known. The leadership certainly would have informed us if they knew,'' Delcore said. "Especially with it being a big part of Vietnam. ... I just don't think it was known.
Delcore is being treated for pituitary and thyroid tumors.
"(Doctors) did ask me (if I had exposure to Agent Orange), but you had to have known if you had exposure,'' he said. "I didn't go to Vietnam, so I said no.''
Jeff Keane, public affairs officer for Ft. Devens in Ayer, also told doctors he hadn't been exposed to Agent Orange when he was diagnosed with hairy cell leukemia in 2002.
Keane trained in Gagetown for two weeks with the 26th Infantry Division of the Mass. National Guard in 1988. In 1990, he spent another two weeks with the 187th Infantry Brigade of the Reserves.
"(Doctors) had no idea where it came from,'' Keane said. ``They didn't even look at Agent Orange because I've never been to Vietnam.''
The 67-year-old Braintree resident said he doesn't have a family history of hairy cell leukemia - a condition recently recognized by the VA as being related to Agent Orange.
"I've never worked with chemicals, or anything that would attribute to this kind of stuff,'' he said.
Cameron, the service officer for the American Legion, is advising vets who do not have a diagnosed condition to join another class action suit out of Canada being represented by various law firms, by visiting agentorangecanadaclassaction.com.
"If you don't have a currently diagnosed condition, you're not allowed to claim a herbicide condition with the VA,'' he said. "It leaves (vets) in limbo, worrying if they're going to contract anything in the coming years.''
Cameron advises any Massachusetts veteran who trained in Gagetown to call the American Legion headquarters at 617-303-5694.
"If this was a major contamination, there are probably going to be a lot more infections or diseases coming from this,'' he said.
Ashley Studley can be reached at 508-634-7556 or firstname.lastname@example.com.


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Banfield: Pets live longest in Montana, shortest in Mississippi
State of Pet Health Report indicates sterilization plays key role in pet longevity.
Think Florida is the place to be for an active senior lifestyle? Maybe for Grandma.
For cats and dogs, apparently Montana's the place to be. According to the Banfield State of Pet Health Report for 2013, Montana holds the top spot for average lifespan. Cats live an average of 14.3 years, dogs 12.4. But before you pack a bag for Bella or Max—names Banfield found to be the most common—geography isn't the only factor that influences a pet's longevity. The Banfield report looked at genetics, preventive care, breed type, size and whether or not an animal is spayed or neutered. Still, you can't blame a pet for wanting to be a spayed Chihuahua named Bella who gets regular dental care in Helena.
The report, Banfield's third annual examination of medical data gathered from its more than 800 hospitals, is sourced from nearly 2.2 million dogs and half a million cats in 43 states. Some data was encouraging: the average lifespan of a cat has increased 10 percent since 2002. A dog's lifespan increased 4 percent. Banfield attributes the increase in large part to veterinary care, with statistics that might compel pet owners to go ahead with that spay or neuter or finally comply with recommendations for preventive care.
According to the report, neutered male cats live 62 percent longer than unneutered males. The trend holds true for spayed female cats (39 percent longer) and spayed and neutered dogs (23 percent and 18 percent, respectively). "Neutering male pets decreases their chances of developing prostatic enlargement and disease and eliminates the risk of testicular cancer," the report states. "Spaying female pets eliminates the risk of pyometra, a life-threatening infection of the uterus. If a female is spayed before her first heat cycle, chances of developing breast cancer drop dramatically as well." State-by-state comparison found that Louisiana and Mississippi—both among the states with the shortest lifespans for cats and dogs—also ranked among the highest numbers of unneutered and unspayed animals.
The report notes that neutering a pet may also reduce behavior problems, which are often a primary reason for pet relinquishment. The data indicates that unneutered pets are more susceptible to outdoor dangers. Banfield found that unneutered dogs are twice as likely to be hit be a car or bitten by another animal. Unneutered cats have four times the risk of being hit by a car and are three times more likely to be treated for an animal bite.
Preventable outdoor dangers also pose greater risk to animals living in certain areas of the country. Louisiana and Mississippi were among the highest prevalence of heartworm infection for Banfield hospitals in 2012. "Preventable diseases such as heartworm disease and Lyme disease are life-threatening and may play a role in a reduced lifespan in certain areas of the country such as the Northeast (Lyme disease) and the Southeast (heartworm disease)," the report states. "Heartworm infection is one of the top three conditions or diagnoses for pets seen in Banfield hospitals in the southern states, including Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama, among others."
The report also found that some of the same conditions that afflict people are are also affecting their pets. While cats are living longer, they're also getting fatter. According to the study, the presence of excess body weight increased 90 percent over five years. Excess body weight in dogs has increased 37 percent and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in dogs has doubled. Arthritis is also increasingly being diagnosed in cats—prevalence of this diagnosis has increased 67 percent in cats seen at Banfield hospitals in 2012; in dogs it has increased 38 percent. However, the patient data revealed that the most common disease for both dogs and cats was dental disease, affecting 91 percent of dogs and 85 percent of cats over the age of 3.
To explore all data and see the interactive State of Pet Health Report, go to stateofpethealth.com.


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Pharmaceuticals are prescribed or over-the-counter drugs
and medications used for the medical treatment of people and
In the past, people have been instructed to flush medication down the toilet to prevent harm to children and animals. Flushing is no longer the recommended disposal method; it can have adverse effects on our environment.
By providing alternative disposal methods, these
potentially dangerous prescription drugs, particularly
controlled substances, are being removed from our nation's
medicine cabinets and waterways. This addresses a vital
public safety and public health issue.
Trashing medicine is a better option than flushing. However, precautions must be taken to ensure the safety of children and animals.
Upcoming Events: The Federal Drug Enforcement Agency has developed a National Take Back Initiative with scheduled Take Back Days. For details please, Click Here. Sharps will NOT be accepted at the National Prescription Drug Take Back Day. For proper disposal, please visit the Sharps Disposal page.
No Drugs Down the Drain
Liquid MedicationEmpty liquid medication onto absorbent paper towels or rags and dispose of with regular trash
Propellant InhalerEmpty container by expelling all propellant. Dispose of small empty cylinder in trash.
PillsCapsules and tablets should be made unusable and unattractive by wetting, breaking, and crushing. The remains should be placed in the original childproof container with all your personal information removed, sealed with tape and tossed in the trash. Or, another option is to mix the medication with decaying food, used coffee grounds, or kitty litter for disposal with your household trash.
The City of Riverside partners with the Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) twice a year to collect unused or expired medication for proper disposal. Click here for more information on upcoming Drug Take Back Days.
3900 Main Street - 4th Floor
Riverside, CA 92522
Phone: (951) 826-5311
|Monday - Friday
|7:30am - 5:30pm
|Closed Major Holidays


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John Deere Snowblower Parts
John Deere snowblowers are normally attachments fitted to one of their tractors, turning them effectively into powerful snow clearing machines.
John Deere snowblowers are lightweight, easy to operate, dependable and quiet. They have an ability to clear snow quickly and efficiently. They have awide range of different capabilities depending on the work that needs doing.
Most snowblowers and tractors will at some point need spare parts, either for routine servicing and maintenance, or if for any reason the machine needs repairing. Having a copy of the snowblower manual is really important for a number of reasons.
John Deere Snowblower Manual
The manual gives important information about safe operating practices, very important to read as there is potential for real damage if the snowblower is not used correctly.
Quite often new snowblowers arrive out of the box as it were and need to be assembled. A John Deere snowblower manual will give you the information and diagrams about how to assemble a snowblower.
Most manuals also include illustrated diagrams of the workings of the engine and other associated parts.
Such a diagram is really important, not only in assembling the machine, but also in being able to identify which parts need replacing, and how new ones should be installed.
The manual should also include a troubleshooting section which will give information on the most common problems people have with the snowblower.
This includes things like problems with starting it, and how best to keep the auger free of snow.
The snowblower manual also have a detailed section on servicing and maintenance.
This is essentially the manufacturers recommendations and should be closely followed.
This is important not only for the smooth running of the snowblower itself, but also to make sure it complies with the warranty.
The manual should give information about the John Deere warranty itself.
There are normally some differences if the snowblower is used for commercial operations, and as such there are likely to be separate residential and commercial warranties on the machine
It is likely that the engine itself, if made by a separate manufacturer, will have a separate warranty as well. Details of all these should be included in the manual.
Finally, the manual should contain full details of customer support. This should include the headquarters of the company, phone numbers and e-mails and any other way to contact them.
John Deere Snowblower Parts
Below are listed the main categories of John Deere snowblower parts, followed by a more detailed breakdown of which parts are normally available, and for which specific part of the snowblower they are needed for.
John Deere Snowblower maintenance sets
John Deere Snowblower belts
John Deere Snowblower shave plates
John Deere Snowblower shear pins
John Deere Snowblower slide shoes
John Deere Snowblower cables
John Deere Snowblower friction wheels and discs
John Deere Snowblower augers
John Deere Snowblower engine parts
John Deere Snowblower hardware
John Deere Snowblower pulleys
John Deere Snowblower tires and wheels
John Deere Snowblower discharge chutes
John Deere Snowblower auger gearboxes
John Deere Snowblower Parts – Detailed Breakdown
Auger Parts –
- Auger bearings
- Auger paddle
- Impeller
- Impell fan
- Hub assembly
- Plate cowl retainer
- Differential axle
- Hex shaft
- Axle shaft
- Short axle with bushings
- Long differential axle
- Axle weight – lbs 10/30
Batteries and Accessories
- Battery charger
- Battery cover
- Dual port charger
Bearings and Washings
- Bearings
- Ball bearing
- Fang baring
- Radial bearing
- Struggling bearing
- Flange
- Polyline
- Sealed
- Sleeve
- Slinger
- Spacer
- Spindle
- Steeled housing
- Height
- Material
- Size
- Type
- weight
- Width
Belts –
- Belt keeper
- Belts by size
- Brake assembly
- Brake components
- Brake linkage
- Brake pads and shoes
- Auger impeller brake pad
- Brake arm assembly
- Brake arm with pad
- Brake lining
- Interlock camp
- Camshaft
- Differential can
- Camshaft assembly
- Carburettor bowls,
- Carburettor gaskets,
- Carburettor kits,
- Carburettor nozzles
- Choke lever is
- Diaphragm kit
- Foats, pins and kits
- Gasket set
- Main jet
- Needles valves and kit
- Climate bulbs
- Springs
Chutes and deck size
Clevis pins
- Dog sliding clutch
- Clutch chain
- Fork Clutch
- Clutch paddle
- Clutch gear
- Clutch paddle sleeve
- Clutch arm with brake pad
- Jaw clutch
- Right hand clutch lever grip
Connecting rods
Cotter pin
Cylinder head
- Rotating danger decal
- Differential lock decal
Discharge chute
- Chute gear
- Chute assembly
- Outer retaining ring
- Worm mounting bracket
- Inner retainer ring
- Discharge chute base
- Chute actuation dear
- Worm gear chute
- Chute flange keeper
- Quarter discharge bracket
- Chute crank knob
- Deflector
- Lower chute
- Chute retainer
Drift cutter
Drive chain
Drive components
- Gear
- Pinion shaft frame repair kit
- Differential remote
- Automatic differential
- Pinion shaft
- Hex shaft
- Pin
- Hub assembly lockout
- Pinion sprocket
- Ratchet dear
- Shift carrier
- Pinion shaft assembly
- Disk hub
- Slider ring assembly
Drive sprockets
Driveway marker
Just plug
Electric starter kits
- Displacement
- Grade
- Power
- Shaft size
Fan blade
- Dual cable fitting
- Grease fitting
- Zerk fitting
- Hydraulic drive fitting
- Straight loop fitting
- Cable z fitting
- Fitting
Cover bottom
- Bottom frame cover
- Frame traction
- Tractor frame
- Frame assembly
Friction disc
Fuel filters, lines and parts
- Elbow fittings
- Fuel filters
- Fuel line
- Fuel line fitting
- Fuel line shut-off
- Fuel parts
- Hose clamp
- In-line fuel shut-off
- Climate bulbs
- Shop packs
Fuel tanks
- Fuel tank
- Fuel tank bushing
- Fuel tank on/off valve
- Fuel tank strainer
- Gas tank
- Fuel tank nipple
Gas and oil
- Air cleaner gasket
- Base gasket
- Carburettor gasket
- Cylinder head gasket
- Gasket set
- Head gasket
- Insulator gasket
- Intake gasket
- Muffler gasket
- Fuel gauge assembly
Gear case
- Housing reducer assembly
- Cast iron gear case
- Shaft and worm gear kit
- Impeller shaft
- Role him
- Gear case assembly
- Auger Gearbox Assembly
Headlight bulbs
Hinge pins
Hitch pins
Hose Clamps
- Tube Clamp
- Hose Clamp
- Hose Wire Clamp
Hubcaps and wheel covers
Ignition parts
- breaker ignition
- breaker points
- condenser
- flywheel keys
- ignition coils
- ignition kits
- ignition set
- modules
- plunger breakers
- voltage regulators
Ignition switches and keys
Light Kit
lubricants chemicals and oils
Lubrication systems
Maintenance kits
- Shaft support
- Bracket
- Idler arm
- Caster Leg Weldment
Mufflers and accessories
Nuts, bolts and screws
Oil Drain
- Petcock Assembly
Oil extractor
Oil plug
Oil seals
Pinion gear
Pistons and piston rings –
- Piston kits
- Piston rings
- Pistons
- Pivot pins
- Ring sets
Power brushes
Power cords
- Drive pulleys
- Engine pulleys
- Flat idler
- Idler pulleys
- Pulley flat idler
- Pulley hub
- Blower Sheave
Push rod
Retainer ring
Rocker Arms
Role pin
Roller chain
Rubber tracks
Safety, interlock, PTO switches
- Interlock switches
- PTO switches
- Toggle Switches
Scraper blades
Sheer pin
Skid shoes
Snap rings
Spark plugs and accessories – hex size, thread and type
Starter parts
- Starter brush kits
- Starter clubbers
- Starter dried parts
- Starter handles
- Starter pawls
- Starter pulley
- Starter recoil assemblies
- Starter rope
- Starter springs
- Steering assembly
- Steering ball joint
- Steering gear
- Steering rod
- Steering spindles
Throttle and control cables
- Auger cable
- Brake and clutch levers
- Chute deflector cable
- Chute lock cable
- Control assembly
- Control cables
- Controlled choke
- Differential cable
- Push pull controls
- Remote wheel lock cable
- Shift rods
- Throttle access
- Throttle cables
- Throttle conduit and clips
- Throttle controls
- Traction cable
Tiedowns and straps
Tire chains
- Snow Hogg two link tire chains
- Twist link two link tire chains
- Twist link four link tire chains
- Gear assembly
- Chute rotation gearbox
- Tooth gear,
Valve stems
- Exhaust valves
- Intake valves
- Valve caps
- Valve guide
Weight kit
Wheel Accessories
Wheel hubs
Wheel rims
- Compression wheel
- Rim/hub assembly
- Rim
Wiring harness
Worm gears
- Worm gear
- Worm shaft
- Worm and gear service assembly
- Worm shaft assembly
- Worm shaft


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Table of Contents:
Defence procurement
Outline of the Community (European Union) legislation about Defence procurement
These categories group together and put in context the legislative and non-legislative initiatives which deal with the same topic.
Internal market > Businesses in the internal market > Public procurement
Defence procurement
This Green Paper develops the debate on the case for Community action to establish a European market for defence equipment. It presents the main characteristics of defence procurement markets (their fragmentation, specific features, and limits to their legal framework) to justify Community action in this field. It then puts forward some ideas which could be considered when defining actions at European level.
Document or Iniciative
Commission Green Paper of 23 September 2004 on defence procurement [COM(2004) 608 final- Not published in the Official Journal]
This Green Paper is one of the measures announced by the Commission with a view to the gradual creation of a competitive European defence equipment market (EDEM). It opens an official consultation process lasting four months from 23 September 2004 onwards.
The Green Paper emphasises three characteristics of these markets:
- the major fragmentation of markets along national lines;
- the specific features which distinguish them from other types of public procurement;
- a complex legal framework.
The particular characteristics of defence markets are not only economic and technological, but are also related to the security and defence policies of each Member State. As sole clients, States play a dominant role in defining the market. They control the arms trade by means of export licences and the granting of authorisations to tender for contracts. In addition, security of supply and confidentiality requirements in the defence sector often lead to the use of purely national procedures. Finally, arms development programmes are complex due, in particular, to their limited production volumes, high risk of commercial failure, and the length of their life cycles.
As for the applicable legal framework, Directive 2004/18/EC specifies that Community rules on public procurement apply to contracts awarded in the field of defence, subject to the exemption system laid down in Article 296 of the Treaty establishing the European Communities (EC Treaty). This system allows Member States to invoke the essential interests of their security. The case law of the Court of Justice of the European Communities has developed a restrictive interpretation of the possibility of using this derogation. However, several difficulties of implementation do remain, due mainly to the absence of a precise interpretation of these provisions and a definition of the concept of essential interests of security.
Defence procurement is still, therefore, largely covered by national legislation, most of which provides for exemptions to the rules governing public procurement, with differing degrees of transparency. This legislation displays a lack of uniformity in a number of areas: the publication of contract notices, the potential for non-publication, the criteria for selecting suppliers, the tendering procedures and the basis on which contracts are awarded.
In addition to these national systems, there are the rules arising from intergovernmental agreements relating to joint arms programmes. Since, however, these agreements have not achieved satisfactory results, the recently-created European Defence Agency should, under the authority of the Council and in consultation with the Commission, help set up a competitive European defence market.
The Green Paper identifies two possible instruments to overcome these obstacles which limit the access of European industries to Member States' defence markets:
- clarification of the existing legal framework: the Green paper proposes drawing up a non-binding instrument, such as an interpretative Communication from the Commission. This Communication could give a further explanation of the principles defined by the Court on the interpretation of Article 296 of the EC Treaty;
- the creation of a special instrument to supplement the EU's legal framework. It is proposed that a new directive be drawn up to coordinate the procedures for awarding contracts by ensuring greater legal certainty, more information on the contracts at Community level and the introduction of the necessary flexibility in awarding these contracts. The Green Paper also details the contents of such a Directive.
Whilst these instruments cannot provide exhaustive answers to all the specific aspects of defence markets, they would nonetheless constitute a useful tool for successful cooperation between Member States.
Related Acts
Interpretative Communication from the Commission of 7 December 2006 on the application of Article 296 of the Treaty in the field of defence procurement [COM(2006) 779 final – Not published in the Official Journal].
Communication from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament on the results of the consultation launched by the Green Paper on Defence Procurement and on the future Commission initiatives [COM(2005) 626 final – Not published in the Official Journal]
Communication from the Commission of 11 March 2003. "European defence – Industrial and market issues – Towards an EU Defence Equipment Policy" [COM(2003) 113 final – Official Journal C76 of 25.03.2003]
This communication presents proposals for action in various areas of the European Union defence equipment policy.


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Does your family have a "favorite hot dish"? My family did when I was growing up. I have no idea why it is called "Favorite Hot Dish" (I'm the youngest, I probably didn't get to vote… LOL) nor, as an adult, do I think this is a even a example of my mom's cooking. Rather, I now think of it as a shining example of how my mom knew how to stretch the grocery budget well.
Our family "Favorite Hot Dish" (aka casserole) is simple:
1 can condensed Cream of Mushroom soup
1 can (use the soup can) milk
1 can tuna (packed in spring water)
and practially 1 whole bag of crunchy chow mein noodles.
Bake until golden brown on top (350? 30 minutes?) and smother in butter.
Ahhhhhh… the 70s and early 80s were good, huh?
When my love and I first started living together, I made "Favorite Hot Dish" for him. I told him I needed chow mein noodles from the store. Let's just say, American-style chow mein noodles are NOT what a Chinese-American looks for when you ask for "chow mein" noodles from the store. But, we did get them. I did bake it. I smothered our servings in butter. He looked at it with dubious eyes and then dug in. (He had to… it was the only thing I made for dinner.) And the next night, he ate more. Love that man.
I haven't had "Favorite Hot Dish" since. Not that I have been walking around craving it. (I've had other cravings… easy to find cheesy pizza (I can make my own.. but on some lazy nights! OH, what I wouldn't give!), buttermilk biscuits (mmmm), etc. However, this past week. It hit me. The desire for something homey. Something… omg.. I wanted "Favorite Hot Dish". However, no GF crunchy chow mein noodles = no GF Favorite Hot Dish.
And then I saw this post.. and started craving ravioli. So, I started making pasta. Then, I realized that I could make some homemade chow mein noodles (American style) and make my own Favorite Hot Dish!
Wahoo! It worked.
Here's the pasta recipe I used. Don't get me wrong. Making pasta is easy. Making it into spaghetti strands… bah… takes a little bit of time and a lot of patience. 🙂
Home-made Pasta
2 cups GF Flour Mix
2 large eggs + 1 large egg yolk
1/2 teaspoon salt
1/3 cup + water
- Mix together all ingredients in a food processor until a dough forms.
- Add water until the dough is soft, but not sticky.
- Roll dough out with pasta press and then put through the spaghetti cutter (all KitchenAid Mixer options) OR roll out until your desired thickness (the thinner the better) and slice into "home-style" pasta. (This second one is our family favorite for turkey noodle soup after Thanksgiving!)
1. Cook right away (3-4 minutes in boiling water)
2. Dry
To dry the pasta:
- Put pasta strands/noodles into a bowl and sprinkle with sweet rice flour.
- Gently use your hands to toss the noodles with the sweet rice flour to coat the noodles lightly.
- Lay on wax paper in small piles and leave out overnight. In the morning, gently rotate the piles to expose the bottom to air to dry during the day.
To make chow mein noodles:
- Fry the dried pasta in an inch of oil in batches until slightly browned and crunchy.
- Use fried noodles in salads, on top of soup, etc. (or in Favorite Hot Dish!)
Happy eating all –


text: Wisconsin Conservation Projects © Michael Nygren View the 2022 conservation report for Wisconsin Ducks Unlimited conserves habitat at the continental scale to meet the lifecycle needs of North America's waterfowl. Wisconsin is part of the Mississippi Flyway, providing important migration, breeding and wintering areas for many of the continent's waterfowl such as wood ducks, mallards, blue-winged teal and Canada geese. Working with a variety of partners, DU's Wisconsin conservation program has restored and enhanced 134,000 acres of wetlands and adjacent habitat. Wisconsin's conservation projects are designed to maximize the amount and quality of waterfowl nesting habitat, as well as improve habitat conditions for migrating waterfowl. Wisconsin Projects ()