Background and Objectives: Cephalometry is useful for assessment of craniofacial morphology and the upper respiratory tract for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients. In most previous studies, linear analyses were mainly carried out with respect to the craniofacial hard tissue and the peripheral soft tissue. To evaluate the risk factor for the severity of non-obese OSAS, we performed modified cephalometry with radian system. Methods: The subjects included 76 patients (63 male and 13 female) who were diagnosed as having OSAS based on polysomnography. Cephalometry with a radian system was used to measure the 13 point's cephalometric landmarks. Results: In the angular analysis of the severe group, the hyoid bone position was more back rotation than the mild and moderate groups (p < 0.05). A logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors for the severity of OSAS in 13 points cephalometric landmarks. In the angular analysis, there was a significantly higher risk of severe OSAS in patients with a back rotation of the hyoid bone angle (OR 0.832; 95% CI: 0.71-0.97). Conclusions: The hyoid bone position was the only risk factor for the severity of non-obese OSAS among the craniofacial landmarks. Therefore, the hyoid bone position is the key factor in predicting a pathological conditions and modified cephalometry with radian system for prediction is useful for screening the severity of non-obese OSAS.


We describe the fabrication of a surface acoustic wave (SAW) atomizer, and show its ability to generate monodisperse aerosol and particles for drug delivery applications. In particular, we demonstrate the generation of insulin microdroplets for pulmonary delivery, and polymeric nanoparticles for one-step rapid encapsulation using SAW devices with resonance frequencies of 8.6 MHz and 19.3 MHz. Insulin droplets around 4 μm were obtained, matching the optimum range for maximising droplet absorption in the alveolar region. Nanoscale polymer particles (130- 220 nm in diameter) were obtained through a non-equilbrium evaporation and nucleation process, thereby presenting a quick and simple means for nanoparticle synthesis. These results exhibit the feasibility of SAW as a novel method for producing particles and droplets of controlled sizes.


Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): New Zealand Heart Foundation

 Detection of cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) has increased with improved availability of imaging modalities including cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (cardiac MRI) and positron emission tomography (CT-PET). However, clinical presentation remains highly variable ranging from asymptomatic incidental findings to malignant ventricular arrhythmias. Improved awareness of heterogenous presentations and markers of adverse outcomes is pivotal to guide a consistent and optimal management approach.

 Retrospective observational study of patients with confirmed CS defined according to Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) consensus criteria (2014) between 2004–2022. Data on demographics, mode of presentation, serum and imaging biomarkers, and treatments regimens was assessed. Adverse clinical outcomes defined as heart failure hospitalization, ventricular arrhythmia (VA), new conduction disease, antitachycardic device therapies (ATD), death, cardiac transplant, atrial arrhythmias and strokes were evaluated.

 A confirmed diagnosis of CS was identified in 99 patients; n=23 (23%)isolated CS, median age 55 years ±11 years, 52% male). The common clinical presentations were; symptomatic conduction disease 53%, heart failure 24% and ventricular arrhythmia 16%, incidental 6%. Diagnosis was confirmed by imaging studies; cardiac MRI n=85 (86%) with late gadolinium enhancement in n=77 (78%) and / or positive CT-PET n=47 (47%). Concomitant cardiac biopsy was performed in 25%. Advanced device therapies were prescribed in 84 patients; bradycardic pacemaker n=17, defibrillator capable devices n=67 with 22 patients outside of standard Class I HRS Consensus (LVEF >35%). In total, 69 patients (70%) had a total of 158 adverse outcomes including heart failure (28%), VA's (27%), ATD's 21%, death 8%, conduction disease 7%, transplant 4%, atrial arrhythmias 3% and stroke in 1%. Treatment regimens for metabolically active disease included immunosuppression with 30–40mg prednisone in 65% with a tapering regimen after 12–36 weeks. An additional steroid sparing agents (methotrexate, azathioprine, mycophenolate, infliximab) were used in 55% of patients. Complete suppression of active disease assessed by repeat PET scan at 3 months after initiation of high dose steroid was observed in 55% of treated patients. One patient refused treatment had remission of activity seen on follow up CTPET. Overall 13% died and 6% patients required transplantation.

 Presentation with conduction disease in a young patient should be considered a red flag for potential CS diagnosis. Multimodality imaging is pivotal in the diagnosis and PET scanning can aid management decisions by assessing disease activity pre and during treatment. Adverse events with CS are frequent and warrant close follow-up and longer-term collaborative studies to ensure a consistent and optimal management.


BACKGROUND & AIMS
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. ER stress activates the unfolded protein response pathway, which contributes to apoptosis and insulin resistance. We investigated the roles of cytochrome P450 4A (CYP4A) in the regulation of hepatic ER stress, insulin resistance, and the development of diabetes in mice.

METHODS
We used mass spectrometry to compare levels of CYP450 proteins in livers from C57BL/6J and C57BL/KsJ-db/db (db/db) mice; findings were confirmed by immunoblot and real-time PCR analyses. To create a model of diet-induced diabetes, C57BL/6J mice were placed on high-fat diets. Mice were given intraperitoneal injections of an inhibitor (HET0016) or an inducer (clofibrate) of CYP4A, or tail injections of small hairpin RNAs against CYP4A messenger RNA; liver tissues were collected and analyzed for ER stress, insulin resistance, and apoptosis. The effect of HET0016 and CYP4A knockdown also were analyzed in HepG2 cells.

RESULTS
Levels of the CYP4A isoforms were highly up-regulated in livers of db/db mice compared with C57BL/6J mice. Inhibition of CYP4A in db/db and mice on high-fat diets reduced features of diabetes such as insulin hypersecretion, hepatic steatosis, and increased glucose tolerance. CYP4A inhibition reduced levels of ER stress, insulin resistance, and apoptosis in the livers of diabetic mice; it also restored hepatic functions. Inversely, induction of CYP4A accelerated ER stress, insulin resistance, and apoptosis in livers of db/db mice.

CONCLUSIONS
CYP4A proteins are up-regulated in livers of mice with genetically induced and diet-induced diabetes. Inhibition of CYP4A in mice reduces hepatic ER stress, apoptosis, insulin resistance, and steatosis. Strategies to reduce levels or activity of CYP4A proteins in liver might be developed for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.


Sustain mechanism of large longitudinal vortical structure in turbulent Couette flow was investigated experimentally by studying the turbulent diffusion term in the mean vorticity transport equation. The basic streamwise vortex is installed into the flow by a vortex generator (pairs of delta wing) mounted on the stationary wall. Turbulent Poiseuille flow, where the streamwise vortex can not be sustained, was also studied as well as the Couette flow to compare the results. It is shown that the transport of streamwise fluctuating vorticity w'1 through its interaction with spanwise fluctuating velocity u'3, u'3w'1, plays a dominant role on the sustain of the streamwise vortical structure in turbulent Couette flow.


With the increasingly excavation amount of the mining, the corresponding amount of concret in shaft and tunnel reinforcement, and filling of the goaf are needed increasingly. But in recently, the traditional mining is still used, and the sandstone material in the concret is obtained from the riverbed method, which will destroy the environment and waste the resource. If the discarded rock and tailings are used for the concret aggregate, there are many advantages like reducing the excavation, protecting the einvironment, saving the cost. The fly ash and slag from smelting plant can substitute the cement which will prepare the superior concret.


Since IEEE has a standardized 802.11 protocol for wireless local-area networks (WLANs), significant work has been done to develop rate adaptation algorithms. Most of the rate adaptation algorithms proposed till now are heuristic, suboptimal, and are competitive in nature. Even though these algorithms have the advantage of being implemented in distributed fashion, their throughput performance will be low as these schemes may converge to inefficient Nash equilibrium. On the other hand, users may cooperatively choose their rates so that a social optimum can be achieved, but there are no known algorithms that do rate adaptation cooperatively and can still be implemented in a distributed fashion. In this paper, we design a centralized algorithm that achieves a social optimum (by conducting rate adaptation cooperatively) while guaranteeing proportional fairness. We show that it converges in, at most, <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula> iterations and has time complexity <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(N^2)$</tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$N$</tex-math></inline-formula> is the number of users in the system. Furthermore, we propose a distributed algorithm that also serves the same purpose as the centralized algorithm.


— In present days, the tremendous increase in traffic causes more delay at the signalized intersections and it results poor level of service experienced by the drivers. Delay is the most important key parameter for assessing the performance with respect to level of service at these intersections. Though there are several models available for estimating the delay in homogeneous traffic conditions, majority of the models are not proven at desired level of satisfaction to estimate the delay under mixed traffic conditions. In the present study, the loss of service was assessed and compared by controlled delay and degree of saturation parameters. As most of the Indian cities traffic is heterogeneous, it was considered the static and dynamic characteristics of the vehicles to calculate the values of PCU. A signalized intersection at Law College in Nagpur, India is selected for the study and a wide range of traffic surveys were conducted to collect the input data required for the models. This study found that the level of service comes under class "C".


This paper introduces sorts of non-metallurgical-use aluminium hydroxide and its application to rubber, plastics, carpet, paper making, medicine, chemical industry and so on, and also gives some production methods.


The invention discloses a method for blending apple vinegar by using grape wine and fruit wine, relates to a preparation method of a beverage, and specifically relates to a method for blending the apple vinegar by using the grape wine and the fruit wine. The method comprises the following steps of (1) preparation of the apple vinegar: preparing the apple vinegar by the following raw materials, by mass, 82-86 parts of pure water, 4-6 parts of apple juice, 10-12 of apple puree vinegar, 0.5 part of honey, 0.002 part of malic acid, 0.003 part of lemon acid, 0.002 part of potassium sorbate; mixing the above raw materials and preparing the apple vinegar; (2) preparation of the grape wine: purifying the grape wine with a distillation method, the degree of the purified grape wine ranges from 30 degrees to 52 degrees; (3) mixing the apple vinegar prepared by the step (1) and the grape wine prepared by the step (2), wherein a mass ratio of the apple vinegar to the grape wine is 1 : 0.8-1.2; and (4) loading the mixture in bottles, and packaging to obtained finished products. The method solves the problems that conventional apple vinegar has a too sour taste and relative stimulation to intestines and stomach.


While many of the key provisions of the landmark Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006 (Vic) are adapted from established overseas statutes, one is entirely unique to Victoria: s 39(1). Alas, s 39(1) - the Charter's remedies provision - is also entirely unsatisfactory. This article argues that the provision has an unclear purpose, does not mean what it says, has been interpreted in conflicting and unfortunate ways by leading commentators, and may both bar and permit a quite different set of remedies for Charter breaches than those that its drafters had in mind. The author argues that it should be replaced with the remedy provision recently adopted in the ACT.


In this paper,nano SiO2/polyimide compound films were prepared by direct method.The changes of PI's structure were characterized by FT-IR after imidization.Dispersion of SiO2 in films was observed through SEM.Tensile-strength of PI compound films was measured.Influences to thermal stability were studied due to adding nano SiO2 in films.


Why has educational research had so few real implications for educationalpolicy? This wayof stalingtheissuebegs thequestion, ofcourse. For itmightberesponded that theresearch findingsare solid, the policyimplications areclear, but that there has been a failure on the part of the educationalpolicymakingcommunity to translate researchinto practical results. Such a


The objective that the author wanted to achieve in this paper is to highlight the responsibilities of auditors and management of legal persons that appear in the audit of financial statements. Independent audit plays a key role in the organization markenting economy and is an essential factor in preserving the stability of economic and political system country. Audit was promoted the first time in the Montenegrin legislation regulations on 2005. The Law on Accounting and Auditing introduces audit institution in: companies, banks, insurance companies, stock exchanges and stock. Changes and amendments to the Law on Accounting and Auditing MNE were published in the Official Gazette of


Nucleic acid sequences rich in guanine (G) bases tend to form non-canonical structures called G-quadruplex (G4). G4s hold promise in the treatment of many diseases, including cancer, so understanding the structure and the factors affecting it will shed light on future studies. With this motivation, the effect of flanking bases at the ends of the G4-forming DNA sequences from human telomere was investigated. The results indicate that the flanking sequences did not show significant change upon insertion of flanking bases however the effect dramatically increased with each Adenine base insertion. In addition, no considerable change was observed upon insertion of single thymine (T). According to the MD simulation analysis, the deletion of the flanking T base increased the kinetic energy of the system while decreased the potential energy of the system, however, overall structure did not show significant change.


More than 1200 cultivars, breeding lines, and wild species of Lycopersicon were screened for resistance to the tomato leaf curl virus under field conditions. All accessions of Lycopersicon esculentum were found susceptible to tomato leaf curl virus. Three lines of Lycopersicon hirsutum and one of Lycopersicon peruvianum accessions showed apparent resistance to the tomato leaf curl virus owing to the failure of virus transmission by whiteflies. Morphological analysis by light and scanning electron microscopy revealed distributions of different types of trichomes on leaf surfaces. Lycopersicon hirsutum proved to be the least affected by the leaf curl virus because it did not support whitefly infestation to any extent. Lycopersicon hirsutum differed from other species by the presence of glandular trichomes designated type VIc. Whiteflies became entrapped in the exudate of type VIc trichome glands before they could transmit the virus. Thus, it may be possible to control tomato leaf curl virus transmission by ...


This article addresses the role of auditory-related verbs in the work of Jean-Luc Nancy and Pierre Schaeffer in order to shed light on a broader tendency in French thought. Through a comparative reading of the ways in which Nancy, in Listening, and Schaeffer, in Treatise on Musical Objects, mobilize verbs such as écouter and entendre, I connect the issue of language to debates about descriptive and prescriptive approaches towards listening. Drawing on the Dictionary of Untranslatables, I argue that Nancy's and Schaeffer's engagements with listening can be mapped onto historical modes of framing politics and ethics, which are also characterized by descriptive and prescriptive approaches. By showing how theories of listening connect to political and ethical debates, this study discusses the ideological instrumentalization of listening as opposed to more descriptive and exploratory forms of engagement in the auditory and the faculty of the ear.


Standard closed form anomaly formulae for polyhedral targets exhibit numerical instability. Under finite floating point precision, the accuracy of the computed anomaly increasingly degrades with increasing target distance. The instability may with advantage be studied from the anomaly of a thin polygonal sheet, as the polyhedral formulae represent a superposition of sheet formulae. We derive an exact finite expansion of the thin sheet formula, corresponding to a point source term plus perturbation. This form exhibits the required absolute numerical stability. The result suggests generalization to absolutely stable polyhedral anomaly formulae.


No standard methodology is currently utilized for assessing the relative satiating value of food items. Our goal was to evaluate the validity and reliability of satiety responses in order to develop a standardized methodology for determining the relative satiating capacity of specific food items. A pilot study evaluating the repeatability and correlation of subjective visual analog scale (VAS) responses of hunger and fullness to objective measures of satiety was completed in healthy men and women (n=10). Participants repeated 3 identical testing sessions separated by 蠅1 wk. After a 10 hour fast, time 0 assessments were obtained, followed by consumption of a mixed macro‐nutrient food (340 kcal); additional VAS and blood samples for insulin, glucose and ghrelin were obtained at 30 minute intervals through 240 min. Total areas under the curve (tAUC) for all responses were determined. Reliability of the model was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Mixed‐model analysis of variance was used to estimate the within‐subject correlation of hunger and fullness responses to glucose, insulin and ghrelin concentrations across all time points. For all measures, ICC was > 0.5 (p蠄 .05). Within subject responses of hunger and fullness, respectively, were correlated to ghrelin, insulin, and glucose. Our data suggest that the model developed for assessing the satiating value of foods is valid and repeatable.


Introduction: Maintaining excellent oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment is necessary to avoid the accumulation of plaque. Plaque can cause damage to teeth and gingiva. Aim: In the current study, we aim to evaluate the status of oral hygiene awareness in people wearing orthodontic appliances in the Qassim province, Saudi Arabia. Settings and Design: This is a cross-sectional questionnaire based study. Methods and Material: A sample of 200 orthodontic patients from the Qassim region, aged ≥16 years old were asked to fill out an online questionnaire. The questionnaire has 5 main questions, all aiming to assess the oral hygiene status. The data were saved as an Excel sheet. Statistical Analysis Used: We used Excel to calculate the statistics of each question. Results: The collected data showed that all patients brush their teeth during the course of orthodontic treatment. Most of them used medium-type brushes. The most used extraoral hygiene aid was dental floss. Also, a high percentage of the participants (63.5%) used mouthwash during the course of their orthodontic treatment. A high number of the participants (n=178, 89%) were advised by their dentists to not eat sticky foods. Conclusion: The majority of patients were aware of oral hygiene methods and had a good oral hygiene practice throughout their orthodontic treatment, although not at an ideal ratio.


This paper addresses the problem of finding the closest generalized essential matrix from a given 6x6 matrix, with respect to the Frobenius norm. To the best of our knowledge, this nonlinear constrained optimization problem has not been addressed in the literature yet. Although it can be solved directly, it involves a large amount of constraints, and any optimization method to solve it will require much computational time. Then, we start by converting the original problem into a new one, involving only orthogonal constraints, and propose an efficient algorithm of steepest descent-type to find the solution. To test our algorithm, we start by evaluating our method with synthetic data, and conclude that the proposed method is much faster than applying general optimization techniques to the original problem with 33 constraints. To further motivate the relevance of our method, we apply our technique in two pose problems (relative and absolute) using synthetic and real data.


The article tries to analyze the meaning and the transformation in pre-Qin dynasty by analyzing the structure of "Ming" and tracing the classical books in the period. And then it illustrates the meaning of political legitimacy and people's moral duty that "Ming" embodies.


ABSTRACT Radiosonde data for the years 1969–1972 have been processed to determine non-surface inversion conditions over Southern Africa. Results are presented to show, first, the spatial and point characteristics of mean non-surface inversions by season and by month, and secondly, the nature of inversion occurrence within six layers of the lower atmosphere.


Purpose – India is predicted to lead the world in online sales, but the behavioral range of online consumer has not been researched...


The application of image-based progress tracking and object detection techniques has recently been extended to dynamic automated data collection and image capture platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). The use of UAVs has a great potential to eliminate tedious, labor-intensive, costly, and manual image capture processes. It can also provide a clearer and more informative view of construction work due to the UAVs' high agility and maneuverability. However, it is also of utmost importance to analyze the effect of UAVs' highly dynamic behavior on the accuracy of image-based solutions. UAV-captured images are subject to motion blur which not only can jeopardizes the object and progress recognition accuracy, but also the quality and reliability of resulting as-built 4D building information models (BIM). This study evaluates the performance of a 4D BIMand computer vision-based construction progress detection method on images captured by an unmanned aerial vehicle. In this research, the components of indoor partitions such as studs, insulation, electrical outlets, and state of drywall work are automatically detected, and the 4D BIM is updated with schedule and progress information. In a series of experiments, the accuracy of this solution is analyzed with respect to the UAV's velocity and photo capture configuration. This analysis can benefit UAV-based progress tracking systems and facilitate reliable UAVbased data collection at construction sites.


The Irish bailout highlighted two major issues about the involvement of multilateral agencies in Europe: one was their desire for visible short-term solutions and second is a significant disregard of the political institutions with which they were forced to engage. The Irish case study and more importantly the Irish exit from the bailout illustrate this best. The €85bn bailout of Ireland in late 2010 was the low point economically and politically, for the Irish Republic since its foundation in 1922. The crisis was brought about by a well rehearsed combination of shortsighted policies related to banking, housing and taxation that in concert with crony capitalism brought an end to the "Celtic Tiger" years. The ability of this mixture of economic and political decisions to result in the bailout was related to the Eurozone, which facilitated bad decisions with an easy monetary policy and hot money capital inflows. The Irish crisis, when it had reached a critical point in late 2010, had the potential to undermine the entire Eurozone. As a result, a bailout package was formulated by the Troika. The Troika had already been involved in Greece and had set up a programme there. The IMF had bailed-out the Hungarian, Baltic and Icelandic economies only a few months earlier as well and had become adept at understanding the immediate needs of crisis management in Europe.


Sleep stage scoring is necessary for diagnosing several sleep disorders. However, it is an intensive and repetitive task and a vital automation candidate. This work seeks to evaluate different kinds of Machine Learning based classification algorithms available in the scientific literature to determine which one fits better the clinical practice requirements. The comparison is made with a predefined experimental design, using electroencephalography, electrooculography, and electromyography signals from the polysomnographic records of the Sleep-EDFx dataset. The comparison considers the accuracy and speed of algorithms based on Linear Discriminate Analysis, Support Vector Machines, Random Forests, and Artificial Neural Networks. The latter group includes the Deep Neural Networks DeapFeatureNet, based on Convolutional Neural Networks, and DeepSleepNet, additionally based on Recurrent Neural Networks. It is determined that several of the tested algorithms boast high accuracy levels (85%). From them, DeepSleepNet is chosen as the fittest due to its considerable advantage in execution time. Nevertheless, the final result should always be reviewed by the experts. ABSTRACT SChoosing the best instruments, measurement techniques and the most qualified service provider is of paramount importance for an equipment calibration service. For the definition of the most qualified company, selection criteria and weights related to the criteria will be used. Thus, the main objective of this work is to choose the best service provider, that is, the most qualified to perform the calibration services of medical and hospital equipment, considering the listed criteria. The method used was AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). It makes it possible to prioritize, give weight and validate the consistency of the evaluation criteria (considering the importance and relevance). As a result, the validation of the criteria weights was obtained. The company that obtained the best score was the company hired for the service. ABSTRACT The health technology sector of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is bedeviled by performance failures that make it a significant obstacle to effective patient healthcare interventions. The predominant factors behind the sector's poor performance have been identified as (a) inadequately trained technical personnel and (b) the unserviceable condition of medical equipment. Past studies show that after adequate training, there is an increase in the proficiency of in-hospital biomedical engineers, but the studies have been limited to the maintenance job description of the engineers. We present a case study of the successful installation of sophisticated medical equipment by an in-hospital engineer to demonstrate that comprehensive training can also develop the installation expertise of local engineers. The installation, which is usually accomplished by the equipment manufacturer, was delegated to the trained in-hospital engineer due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the bulk of medical equipment in LMICs is imported, which has led to an over-dependence of their health sectors on non-indigenous technology to the detriment of local alternatives and know-how. The World Health Organization estimates that 7 out of 10 sophisticated medical equipment imported by LMICs are unserviceable due to the issue of compatibility and adaptability with the setting. Previous research focuses on equipment subsidy, frugal innovation, and health technology man agement to better adapt foreign equipment to the environment. Still, this paper explores the option of indigenous technology and expertise to provide in-country development of suitable and sustainable medical equipment.


The article, based on the research carried out on the group of 561 employees, deals with some of the aspects of leadership in Slovenian police and their impact on organizational climate and satisfaction of the employees. The article discovers that leadership importantly affects the organisational climate and satisfaction of the employees in Slovenian police. Leaders with much more power at their disposal are more active and are using democratic style of leadership and thus creating better organizational climate and higher degree of satisfaction of the employees in the police units.The article also presents results of measuring of eleven dimensions of organizational climate and satisfaction of the employees with the aspects of work on which these dimensions are relating to. Key words: leadership, organization climate, job satisfaction, police


Colombiais home to the majority of known South American species of Zamia (Zamiaceae). Although Zamia is now the only recognised genus of extant Cycadales inSouth America, it shows some complex ecological adaptations that have resulted in several evolutionarily divergent sections within the genus. The recent publication of Flora de Colombia listed 16 species, of which seven are endemic and five were newly described in the very same treatment. Although this treatment was current at the time of publication, recent collections and additional material of little-known species have made an update and further clarification necessary. A new species, Zamia incognita is described here and its relationships are discussed.


The Tonasket Gneiss crops out along and east of the Okanogan Valley in north-central Washington. The predominant rocks are medium- and high-grade banded migmatitic and feldspathic gneisses, basic gneisses, subordinate isochemically metamorphosed amphibolites and calc-silicate rocks, and mylonitized derivatives of these rocks. These gneisses were considered by earlier workers to be the protoclastic border zone of a large batholith. The findings of this study indicate that the gneisses were formed mainly during regional metamorphism, which was followed by periods of mylonitization, gentle folding, and faulting. The earliest metamorphism of these rocks, as recorded in the amphibolites and basic gneisses, was probably in the granulite facies. The second metamorphism, which was of the amphibolite facies, is responsible for nearly all the current mineral assemblage and was accompanied by sodium, silica, and subordinate potassium metasomatism, producing feldspathized amphibolites and quartzo-feldspathic gneisses. For the most part both of these metamorphic facies resulted in synkinematic crystallization, which produced small-scale isoclinal folds, boudinage, and aligned mineral grains or streaks, all of which consistently trend west-north-west. These synkinematic rocks are well preserved in the lowest structural levels of the gneisses, which are in the eastern part of the mapped area. Higher structural levels are characterized by more complete feldspathization of isochemical rocks, more potassium activity, and more post-crystal-line deformation than are in the lower levels. However, the metamorphic grades are similar. Recrystallization following renewed deformation remained incomplete, but some porphyroclasts, especially of K feldspar, continued to grow after this deformation. The upper-medium or lower-high-grade assemblages that had formed during this stage did not undergo subsequent retrogression. The upper levels of the gneiss mass, now exposed along the southern, western, and northern boundaries, were subsequently sheared and mylonitized along subhorizontal s planes under low temperatures and in a dry environment. This mylonite zone probably represents a distributed flat thrust near the top of the gneiss body. Lineation in this zone parallels other linear features in the lower levels of the gneiss. The mass underwent broad gentle folding and arching after the mylonitization. Still later, high-angle faulting occurred along the western and southern borders of the area.


In this paper, we investigate the impact of imperfect angle estimation (IAE) on spatial and directional modulation (SDM) systems, assuming that the signal experiences line of sight (LoS) propagation. In SDM systems with IAE, the variation is analyzed in detail, when there is a mismatch between the beamforming and precise channel matrices. Based on the union bound and statistics theory, the average bit error probabilities (ABEPs) for both the legitimate user and eavesdropper are derived. In addition, the ergodic rate is also quantified with IAE. Simulation results are presented to show that the achieved theoretical ABEPs are useful in quantifying the potential performance penalty. We also show that the mismatch between the beamforming and precise channel matrices will become greater with the increase in direction measurement error (DME), which affects the detection for both the legitimate user and eavesdropper. On the other hand, due to the effect of IAE, the SDM requires more signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) gain to achieve a stable ergodic secrecy rate.


We simulate magnetization in Terfenol-D using the anisotropic domain rotation model for a stress-imaging sensor based on Nitrogen Vacancy(NV) centers in diamond. We show that the stress-profile can be reconstructed with high accuracy using NVs and that the error increases non-linearly with NV center depth.


In this paper, we study the coastal zone of Attica and more specifically the part of the
Athenian Riviera (from Piraeus to Sounio). The study focuses on the social, economic and
environmental development of the area and our goal is to see whether it conforms with the
principles of Integrated Coastal Zone Management and, if not so, whether it can be
adjusted. The area is holistically studied, as we examine the socio-economic profile of the
area, the possible environmental and economic consequences of the recent wreck of Agia
Zoni II, while at the same time analyzing the opinion of the residents of Attica on coasts,
waters and pollution issues concerning Attica and its marine environment. The survey
about the users', of the coastal zone, opinion was conducted using a questionnaire and the
data gathered was analyzed with a statistical tool. Meanwhile, we study the development
projects planned in the region as well as the projects that are being executed now and aim
at the transformation of the Athenian Riviera into something completely different from
what we are used to, at the present time. It is indeed interesting to see how all this
information is linked to each other and whether it contributes to the sustainable
development of the Athenian Riviera.
The paper is divided into 6 chapters, with chapter 1 referring to introductory references
and definitions, in order to understand the coastal zone and integrated coastal zone
management, better. In chapter 2, the Greek institutional framework governing the coastal
zone is studied, while in Chapter 3 the Athenian Riviera and all the parts that compose it
are analyzed. In Chapter 4 we make reference to concepts of pollution, we focus on marine
pollution and suggest ways in which to deal with it, while at the same time we contemplate the wreck of Agia Zoni II and its implications. Chapter 5 concerns the survey conducted
with a questionnaire and evaluates the results. Finally, in chapter 6 we present our
conclusions.


RATIONALE
To prevent solubility issues faced with sequence-defined polyurethanes, a new family of digital polyurethanes was conceived with the alkyl coding chain held by the carbamate N atom and CH3 instead of OH as the ω termination. This led to different dissociation mechanisms that were explored prior to optimizing MS/MS sequencing.

METHODS
N-substituted polyurethanes (N-R PUs) were dissolved in methanol and subjected to collision-induced dissociation (CID) as deprotonated chains in the negative ion mode, and as ammonium and sodium adducts in the positive ion mode, using ESI as the ionization technique. Their dissociation behavior was thoroughly investigated using a Q-TOF instrument in order to provide accurate mass measurements to support proposed fragmentation mechanisms.

RESULTS
While O-(CO) bonds were broken in N-H PUs, the CH2 -O linkage between repeating units was cleaved upon CID of N-R PUs. This main process occurred either from deprotonated molecules or from cationized chains but was followed by different rearrangements, producing up to four product ion series. Yet, MS/MS spectra could be drastically simplified for precursor ions having their acidic α group methylated, as found to spontaneously occur upon storage in methanol.

CONCLUSIONS
Using experimental conditions aimed at avoiding any reactive proton in precursor ions (no acidic end-groups and alkali adduction), full coverage sequence of N-R PUs was successfully achieved with the single ion series observed in MS/MS, opening a promising perspective for reading large amounts of information stored in these dyad-encoded polymers.


The use of pipelines is one element that plays an important role as a production chain The pipeline network is used as the main component to distribute gas from the producer to the shipper and then distributed to industrial and household customers. In accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Mines and Energy No. 300. K / 38 / M.PE / 1997 concerning the Occupational Safety of Petroleum and Gas Pipeline Pipes that the gas and main pipe transmission pipes held on land must be planted with a depth of at least 1 (one) meter above ground level.  However, the placement of steel pipes in the ground can cause pipe material to be threatened by corrosion due to interaction with the environment. This happens in the Pipeline Line of the Gas Pagardewa receiving station. To prevent corrosion from continuing on the pipeline, a precautionary step is needed where one of them is by applying the cathodic protection method. At Pagardewa Gas Receiver Station, which has the role of distributing gas to PLN's power plan in South Sumatra by using a 4875 m pipeline that is embedded in the ground so it needs to be designed for a cathodic protection system to be corrosion resistant. The purpose of this study is to design a cathodic protection system that uses sacrificial anodes so that the analysis can be obtained to be applied in the field.


An ad hoc localization system (AHLoS) is necessary at a time or place where global satellite navigation systems are not available and a permanent infrastructure is not needed. Previous work on such systems has typically focused on 2D horizontal navigation, but new applications such as those for unmanned aerial systems (UASs) require a 3D navigation capability. In this paper, we present an AHLoS utilizing aerial nodes in the form of quadrotors or similar platforms in addition to fixed, ground-based nodes to provide a precise 3D positioning capability. The nodes are equipped with ultrawideband devices to be used as ranging sources. Our mathematical analysis and simulated results suggest that the 3D AHLoS is capable of providing high positioning accuracy, most notably, the vertical accuracy that is better than a couple of decimeters for 95% of the time, making it ideal for various UAS applications.


The interaction of gene flow with contradictory selective pressures that are caused by environmental heterogeneity has been investigated by computer simulation. Generally there is a range of intermediate values of gene flow over which local polymorphism will occur. The length and location of the range depends, for the most part, upon the magnitude of the local selection pressures and upon the net effect of the overall average, or global, selection regime. For the cases studied, variables are introduced to characterize the magnitudes of the local and global selection pressures. The variable Z measures the net effect of the global regime near equilibrium relative to the square of the local selection pressures. In general, the range over which local polymorphism occurs will be long when the condition Z ≃ 1 is met. Within limits, asymmetry, in terms of the proportions of different local selection regimes within a mosaic environment, increases the range. Increased environmental complexity, in terms of the number of different kinds of local selection regimes, has a similar, but smaller, effect. Extension of these results to studies that used different analytic models of gene flow is discussed. Inferences are drawn concerning the evolutionary significance of gene flow.


American Religions. The author centers his analysis on three foci. First, he illustrates both critical and constructive resources within each tradition for justice toward women. Second, he relates religious beliefs to ethics, commenting on how structures of religious belief validate ill treatment of women. This includes the ideological use of religion to support gender-biased practice or to ignore reform (9). Third, he illustrates models of discourse and counter-discourse within traditions and practices that could serve as positive resources for gender justice. Raines links world religions and the global economy. The economic analysis of the book cuts across all religious difference and questions the ultimate loyalty in all religions (62). A "new religion of the market" emerges in the text as a backdrop to all modern religion. However, Raines implies that a "new theology" against the market shares common beliefs and directions, which in some cases eclipses real controversies within moral traditions. For instance, on page 26 Raines contends that a woman's choice for abortion is crucial to poor women's search for control over their own lives. He fairly states that the right to refuse an abortion is included in this right. But its presentation in the chapter on Christianity he hides the substantial debates within Christian circles whether abortion does or does not provide an "alternative to the dominant culture". Students of Christianity would need to have these debates better nuanced. Raines' portrayal of Islam (33) provides background to understand the tension within Islam regarding woman. His treatment of the other world religions is more uneven. In some instances he leads the reader into the core of the religion and tensions within its structures and beliefs, in others, he provides contextual examples that illustrate current issues in gender relations. Raines contends that too many world religions present an image of God speaking to men about women rather than speaking to women. Sexism is a male issue, and the transformation of male attitudes is a liberation of the male as well as the female. In a balanced manner, the author claims that most religions on the issue of gender justice are a marvelous weave of contradictions. The size of this volume makes it accessible to the college student and easily inserted into a college course. However, because of reasons stated above, it should not substitute for a more the comprehensive treatment of foundational issues within each religion.


Sucrose taste thresholds were determined for 98 children, five to six years old, and 213 young adults (average age 23 years). The children displayed higher mean sucrose taste threshold (47.9±19.4) mM) than young adults (13.7±6.2 mM). Significant difference was found between these two groups (p<0.001). The high thresold of the children was considered to be due to two causes: recognition as threshould of sensation (higher than threshold of judgement) and immature or dull taste sensitivity of the growing children.The relationship between the sucrose taste threshold and the sweet food intake, or between the sucrose taste threshold and the liking of sweet was unclear. Moreover, it was thought that the sucrose taste threshold was not implicated in the dental caries experiences.Females showed lower sucrose taste threshold than males, especially significant in adults. This is presumably caused by some physiological factors.


Corrosion tests were made on various stainless steels to make geothermal power plants of binary cycle systems available for dilute acidic geothermal brines. Corrosion tests were made in a hydro− chloric acid type brine at Onikobe in Miyagi prefecture and in a sulfuric acid type brine at Kuro− kawa in Kumamoto prefecture. Using test results and assuming the service period for 15 years, rough values of pit depth and reduction of plate thickness by uniform corrosion of evaporator tubes which were especially under severe corrosion conditions were presumed. Abrief summary of main results is as follows.


Let K be a complete, algebraically closed nonarchimedean valued field, and let φ(z) ∈ K(z) have degree d ≥ 2. We show there is a natural way to assign nonnegative integer weights wφ(P ) to points of the Berkovich projective line over K in such a way that ∑ P wφ(P ) = d− 1. When φ has bad reduction, the set of points with nonzero weight forms a distributed analogue of the unique point which occurs when φ has potential good reduction. Using this, we characterize the Minimal Resultant Locus of φ in dynamical and moduli-theoretic terms: dynamically, it is the barycenter of the weight-measure associated to φ; moduli-theoretically, it is the closure of the set of points where φ has semi-stable reduction, in the sense of Geometric Invariant Theory. Let K be a complete, algebraically closed nonarchimedean valued field with absolute value | · | and associated valuation ord(·). Write O for the ring of integers of K, M for its maximal ideal, and k̃ for its residue field. Let φ(z) ∈ K(z) be a function with degree d ≥ 2. Suppose (F,G) is a normalized representation for φ: a pair of homogeneous functions F (X, Y ), G(X, Y ) ∈ O[X, Y ] of degree d, such that φ(z) = F (z, 1)/G(z, 1) and some coefficient of F or G belongs to O. Such a pair (F,G) is unique up to scaling by a unit. Let Res(F,G) be the homogeneous resultant of F and G; then ordRes(φ) := ord(Res(F,G)) is well-defined and non-negative. Let P1K be the Berkovich projective line over K: a compact, uniquely path-connected Hausdorff space which contains P(K) as a dense subset. By Berkovich's classification theorem, points of PK\P (K) correspond to discs D(a, r) ⊂ K, or to nested sequences of discs; points corresponding to discs with radius r ∈ |K| are said to be of type II. The point ζG corresponding to D(0, 1) is called the Gauss point. The natural action of GL2(K) on P(K) extends continuously to PK , and GL2(K) acts transitively on type II points. If γ ∈ GL2(K), we denote the conjugate γ ◦φ◦γ by φ. In [15] it is shown that the map γ 7→ ordRes(φ) factors through a function ordResφ(·) on P 1 K, given on type II points by ordResφ(γ(ζG)) = ordRes(φ ) . By ([15], Theorem 0.1) ordResφ(·) is piecewise affine and convex upward on paths, and takes the value ∞ on P(K). It achieves a minimum on PK . The set MinResLoc(φ) where the minimum occurs is called the Minimal Resultant Locus of φ. It is either a single type II point, or a closed segment joining two type II points. Date: February 23, 2014. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 37P50, 11S82; Secondary 37P05, 11Y40, 11U05.


AIM
To study the changes of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity in rat brain stimulated by argipressin (4-8) (AVP (4-8)) (s.c.).

METHODS
Wistar rat was treated with AVP (4-8). MAPK activity in rat brain was assayed by phosphorylation of its specific substrate myelin basic protein (MBP) after the cytosolic extracts fractionated by MONO-Q anion-exchange chromatography.

RESULTS
The activity of 44 kDa MAPK in rat brain was significantly enhanced by AVP (4-8). The enhancement of MAPK activity in hippocampus was suppressed 80% by ZDC(C)CPR, an antagonist of AVP(4-8). The level of 44 kDa MAPK protein had no detectable differences between the administration groups and control. In rat hippocampal slices, similar results were obtained.

CONCLUSION
The increasement of 44 kDa MAPK activity stimulated by AVP(4-8) was mediated by its specific receptor, and was a short-period process activated by protein phosphorylation, but not by protein expression. MAPK was involved in the signal transduction pathway induced by AVP(4-8).


With the full integration of domestic and foreign markets,some excellent foreign project consulting firms enter the Chinese market,and the competence in the consulting engineering market is increasing severe. The supervision enterprises should pay attention to marketing,grasp the market information accurately and change the business philosophy to satisfy the development of the industry so as to find the position of their own. This paper gave a brief statement of the characteristics of the supervision enterprises marketing,analyzed the situation and existing problems of the supervision enterprise marketing in China. The supervision enterprise marketing model and framework were presented referring to the modern marketing theory. Finally,several strategies for the implementation of the supervision enterprise marketing were proposed.


We present a new catalog of 404 M giant candidates found in the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS). The 2400 deg2 available in the UKIDSS Large Area Survey Data Release 8 resolve M giants through a volume four times larger than that of the entire Two Micron All Sky Survey. Combining near-infrared photometry with optical photometry and proper motions from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey yields an M giant candidate catalog with less M dwarf and quasar contamination than previous searches for similarly distant M giants. Extensive follow-up spectroscopy of this sample will yield the first map of our Galaxy's outermost reaches over a large area of sky. Our initial spectroscopic follow-up of ∼30 bright candidates yielded the positive identification of five M giants at distances ∼20–90 kpc. Each of these confirmed M giants have positions and velocities consistent with the Sagittarius stream. The fainter M giant candidates in our sample have estimated photometric distances ∼200 kpc (assuming [Fe/H] = 0.0), but require further spectroscopic verification. The photometric distance estimates extend beyond the Milky Way's virial radius, and increase by ∼50% for each 0.5 dex decrease in assumed [Fe/H]. Given the number of M giant candidates, initial selection efficiency, and volume surveyed, we loosely estimate that at least one additional Sagittarius-like accretion event could have contributed to the hierarchical build-up of the Milky Way's outer halo.


This research explores the employability of Chinese international graduates in the Australian labor market. It captures the significance of six forms of capital (i.e., human, social, cultural, psychological, identity, and agentic) to Chinese international graduates when they develop their careers in Australia. The research employed Bourdieu's theory of practice and a capitals-based approach as the theoretical framework. Data were collected via an online survey (N=203) and in-depth interviews (N=14). The findings reveal that in addition to getting employments in Australia, the graduates also benefited from developing and utilizing these six capitals in terms of sustainable employments, professional growth, and well-being. As such, this research argued for a broad definition of employability which include different capitals as the inputs and different aspects of employability outcomes as the outputs, namely, employment outcomes, sustainable employments, professional growth, and well-being. The findings also implied that various stakeholders should share responsibilities to support international students in building multiple capitals.


This report presents some preliminary results on the incidence and drivers of return, temporary and circular migration among returnees surveyed in Argentina, Romania, Senegal and Ukraine, the origin countries selected by the TEMPER project. The deliverable summarizes the main issues in the conceptual discussion on return, temporary and circular migration based on previous research and statistical analyses, and presents and motivates the definitions adopted in the TEMPER Origin Surveys. Next, it discusses the low incidence of different types of complex trajectories, with a focus on circular migration following the definition adopted by UNECE (2016), and summarizes the obtained results concerning wish and expectations of re-migration, and reasons behind them. Finally, results on the incidence of temporary migration and its links with different types of return (short-term, long-term, voluntary, involuntary, etc.). are presented, to conclude with a short discussion on the main possibilities and barriers for promoting temporary and circular migration among migrants in the EU.


In this paper, motion vector (MV) recovery algorithm using the colour information of the surrounding macroblocks (MBs) on the left, top-left, top, top-right, right, bottom-right, bottom and bottom-left is proposed. The technique is based on the assumption that a group of neighbouring MBs in a small region that belongs to the same object likely to have similar colour information. Hence, the lost MVs of the corrupted MBs can be estimated using a set of corresponded MVs of the surrounding MBs that have similar colour information. The proposed algorithm has been tested on several test video sequences. The experimental results are compared with conventional error concealment methods and higher performance is achieved in both objective peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) measurements and subjective visual quality.


In this paper we deal with the macroscopic electromagnetic response of a finite size dispersive dielectric object, in unbounded space, in the framework of quantum electrodynamics using the Heisenberg picture. We apply a Hopfield type scheme to account for the dispersion and dissipation of the matter. We provide a general expression of the polarization density field operator as functions of the initial conditions of the matter field operators and of the electromagnetic field operators. It is a linear functional whose kernel is a linear expression of the impulse response of the dielectric object that we obtain within the framework of classical electrodynamics. The electric field operator is expressed as a function of the polarization density field operator by means of the dyadic Green's function for the free space. The statistical functions of these operators are classical functionals of the statistics of the initial conditions of the matter field operators and of the electromagnetic field operators, whose kernels are linear or multilinear expressions of the impulse response of the dielectric object. We keep the polarization and the electromagnetic field distinct to enable the treatment of the polarization and electromagnetic fluctuations on equal footing. We expand the polarization density field operator in terms of the static longitudinal and transverse modes of the object to diagonalize the Coulomb and Ampere interaction energy terms of the Hamiltonian in the Coulomb gauge. We expand the radiation fields in terms of the transverse plane wave modes of free space. Few static longitudinal and transverse modes are needed to calculate each element of the impulse response matrix for dielectric objects with sizes of the order up to $\min\limits_{\omega}\{c_0/[\omega \sqrt{|{\chi}(\omega)|}]\}$ where ${\chi}(\omega)$ is the susceptibility of the dielectric.


The invention discloses a preparation method of skim rubber modified white carbon black easy to mix, and relates to the technical field of rubber nano-composite rubber master batch preparation technology and white carbon black modification. White carbon black suspension liquid with the good dispersity is adopted and evenly mixed with skim latex, spray drying treatment is carried out, and the powdery or microspherical skim rubber modified white carbon black product easy to mix is obtained after drying. According to the method, the technology is simple, the white carbon black modification method has the innovativeness, the surface modification effect is good, the non-rubber composition in the skim latex is kept completely, no flocculation process exists, environmental protection is achieved, and the cost is reduced. According to the technology, few human factors exist, continuous production can be achieved, product quality is stable, and industrial research is easy. The modified easy-to-mix white carbon black produced through the method can be evenly scattered in a rubber matrix in a nano-scale mode, and can be used in the field of passenger car tyres.


The additivity axiom of classical measure theory has been challenged by many mathematicians. Different replacements of the additivity correspond with different theory. In uncertainty theory, the additivity is replaced with self-duality and countable subadditivity. Similar to classical measure theory, there are some properties studied in uncertainty theory. Given the measure of each singleton set, the measure can be fully and uniquely determined in the sense of the maximum uncertainty principle. Generally speaking, a product uncertain measure may be defined in many ways, in this paper, a kind of definition is proposed.


In October of 2009 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), National Eye Institute (NEI), and the Department of Defense (DOD) launched the LASIK Quality of Life Collaboration Project (LQOLCP) to help better understand the potential risk of severe problems that can result from LASIK.


Aim: To make the provisional etiological diagnosis on the basis of history, physical examination and noninvasive investigations and to start the treatment immediately. Study design: prospective and comparative study. Duration of study: prospective and comparative study. Place of study: Ch Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan. Methodology: Twenty male patients were analyzed with signs and symptoms of Acute Coronary Artery syndrome (ACS). Cardiac angiography was advised for evaluation of the coronary arterial tree. Next day on examination of the punctured area pain, redness and swelling of the anterior aspect of the thigh was noticed and referred to radiology department for the evaluation of the involved region to document the presence of hematoma or fresh bleed. Results: On grey scale soft tissue swelling and haematoma observed but in addition a cystic pulsatile mass was noted that was connected to the main femoral artery through a narrow neck and on Doppler evaluation ying yang pattern of flow was observed that on spectral analysis confirmed our impression of pseudo aneurysm (PSA). After that ultrasound guided direct manual compression of the neck was applied to the lesion in successive intervals until the characteristic clinical signs disappeared. Then a compression bandage was applied for 24 hours. Conclusion:Ultrasound with Doppler plays a crucial task in the diagnosis of iatrogenic vascular abnormalities. USG demonstrates the crater of the PSA, its size and link with the femoral artery.


For over three decades, a largely organic process has brought into existence a somewhat disjointed and chaotic national research computing ecosystem supporting a collection of computational resources, services, and support. Consequently, much of the national advanced research computing environment can be characterized by pockets of more coherent resources and services in a larger, less coherent ecosystem. The rise in deployment of research computing resources on university campuses has added complexity to the situation. The National Science Foundation has made a foray into developing a more coherent environment via investments in XSEDE, the associated research computing resources, and critical common services and support for researchers. XSEDE can be viewed as a model for creating scalable, stable, and well-supported cyberinfrastructure. The NCSI provides an opportunity to catalyze a national discussion to carefully consider the state of the current ecosystem, the desired state moving forward, and how we will attain that desired state.


ABSTRACT Today's world requires citizens to make informed decisions by critically evaluating evidence and alternative explanations. The purpose of this study was to explore pre-service elementary teachers' capability of building a model–evidence link, their evaluation levels on the topic of wetlands, and their evaluations of the trustworthiness of the sources of evidence. In order to achieve this goal, we used the Turkish-adapted version of Model-Evidence Link (MEL) diagrams, an instructional tool that provides insights into the ability of learners to build model–evidence links and their explanations for these links. The analysis of participant responses revealed an accurate understanding of model–evidence links; however, participants showed a misinterpretation when evidence has nothing to do with the model. The findings indicated that the participants usually explain these links in descriptive and/or relational terms. The analysis also showed that the participants listed various criteria for evaluating the trustworthiness of the sources of evidence; however, the percentage of each was low. The implications of this study suggest a need for using MEL-like scaffolds in various long-term educational settings as well as a need for purposeful and systematic efforts to enable learners to evaluate sources of evidence for different subjects.


The ratio of symmetry energy coefficient to temperature ${C}_{\text{sym}}/T$ is extracted from different prescriptions using the isotopic as well as the isobaric yield distributions obtained in different projectile fragmentation reactions. It is found that the values extracted from our theoretical calculation agree with those extracted from the experimental data but they differ very much from the input value of the symmetry energy used. The best possible way to deduce the value of the symmetry energy coefficient is to use the fragment yield at the breakup stage of the reaction and it is better to use the grand canonical model for the fragmentation analysis. This is because the formulas that are used for the deduction of the symmetry energy coefficient are all derived in the framework of the grand canonical ensemble, which is valid only at the breakup (equilibrium) condition. The yield of ``cold'' fragments, either from the theoretical models or from experiments, when used for extraction of the symmetry energy coefficient using these prescriptions, might lead to the wrong conclusion.


Trace amines are the class of endogenous biogenic amines that traditionally include betaphenylethylamine, p-tyramine, tryptamine, o c t o p a m i n e , a n d o t h e rs . M a ny t ra c e amines represent products of amino acids decarboxylation by bacterial decarboxylases during tissue putrefaction or by endogenous decarboxylases in the body. Production of trace amines by gut microbiota is also known (Berry et al., 2017; Gainetdinov et al., 2018). Thus, trace amines are enriched during the decomposition of proteins and concentrated in certain bodily fluids. Their physiological action in mammals has been noted a long time ago, however, they were considered mostly as by-products of amino acid and monoamine metabolism. This was changed with the discovery in 2001 of trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), a family of G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by trace amines. In humans, 6 types of functional TAAR receptors were identif ied TAAR1, TAAR2, TAAR5, TAAR6, TAAR8 and TAAR9 (Berry et al., 2017; Gainetdinov et al., 2018). Since then, there is a growing interest in this family of receptors as possible new targets for pharmacotherapy. Indeed, several psychotropic substances have been shown to display high affinity to the most studied of the TAAR receptors TAAR1, which has notable expression in the brain and some peripheral tissues (Berry et al., 2017). TAAR1 can modulate classical brain neurotransmitter systems dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate, that are involved in the pathogenesis of many neuropsychiatric disorders. Indeed, the preclinical study of TAAR1 agonists showed them to be promising for the treatment of schizophrenia, drug dependence, depression and bipolar disorder (Berry et al., 2017; Gainetdinov et al., 2018). TAAR1 is already proven clinically as a novel pharmacological target. In c l in ical tr ia ls , TAAR1 agonist showed great promise for the treatment of schizophrenia with a unique mechanism of action not involving D2 dopamine receptor blockade (Koblan et al., 2020). At the same time, all other TAARs have been considered as exclusively olfactory receptors sensing innate odors encoded by volatile amines with no significant function in the brain or the periphery. However, we recently demonstrated that an "olfactory" TAAR5 receptor is present in the limbic brain areas and can regulate classical monoamine systems, emotional behavior, and adult neurogenesis (Espinoza et al., 2020; Efimova et al., 2021).


Handreen, Zozik and Tanoun are three major anticlines in the northern part of Iraqi Kurdistan Region located NE of Rawandouz town. All anticlines are oriented NW-SE with a steep southwestern limb. The length and width of Handreen, Zozik and Tanoun anticlines are 20.2 km, 23 km, 27 km, and 10 km, 4.7 km and 2.5 km, respectively. The anticlines are separated by very narrow synclines. However, Tanoun anticline is thrusted over Zozik anticline causing the disappearance of the synclinal axis between the two folds. The oldest exposed rocks in Handreen anticline are the Cretaceous age, in Zozik anticline are the Upper Jurassic rocks, whereas in Tanoun anticline, the Lower Jurassic rocks are exposed. The carapace of Handreen and Zozik anticlines is built up by Bekhme and Qamchuqa formations and that of Tanoun anticline by the Qamchuqa Formation. Satellite images and geological maps were used to recognize the geomorphological and structural features which were checked and confirmed in the field. Handreen, Zozik and Tanoun anticlines show clear geomorphological and structural features which indicate their lateral growth. Among those features are water gaps, wind gaps, forked-shaped valleys, curved valleys, inclined (curved) valleys, radial valleys, abandoned alluvial fans, wale-back shape, en-echelon folds and folds with malty domes.


The study of municipal politics has in recent years begun to enjoy something of a renaissance. Applying the same techniques that have revealed the 'critical, indeed, watershed, role of the Great Reform Act' of 1832 in parliamentary elections, historians have begun to unearth similar evidence of the dramatic politicizing effects of the Municipal Corporations Act of 1835 in local government elections.' Almost a century after the last sustained debate about the role of municipal reform in England's constitutional development came to an end, new evidence is beginning to emerge about the changing nature of the relationship between municipal and parliamentary politics during the 1830s, and the way in which it fundamentally re-shaped the Victorian representative system.* Extending this revisionist view of the importance of municipal politics back in time, this article traces the hitherto largely unexplored role of municipal reform in English politics prior to the events of the 1830s. After a brief survey of the extent of electoral influence possessed by the unreformed municipal corporations, it demonstrates how they came under increasing attack during the 1820s, often with far-reaching political consequences. Far from being a simple postscript to the Reform Act of 1832, municipal reform was under way well before the introduction of the Grey ministry's Reform Bill, and indeed played no small part in bringing about its eventual passage. This article reveals how municipal and parliamentary reform became inextricably linked between 1818 and 1832.


In the article the results over of the research on the problem of objective knowledge in the postnonclassical period, its ontological foundation and gnosiological filling are given. Through the prism of objectivity features the tendencies and possible ways of development of thought within the framework of synergetics are shown.


Das, P., Rai, S. & Das, A. B. 19990801: Cytomorphological barries in seed set of cultivated ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose.). -Iran. Journ. Bot. B (1): 119-129. Tehran. Studies on floral biology, meiotic behaviour and pollen sterility in four cultivars of ginger (Zingiber officinale Rose.) revealed that anthesis in the green house and open field conditions took place between 1-2 P. M. and 9-10 A. M. respectively. The hermaphrodite flowers had "pin" and "thrum" type of incompatibility and the dehisced pollen grains did not reach the stigma head. No seed set of ginger during selfing or cross pollination was recorded. Meiotic studies revealed 30.35 to 40.50% of meiotic index in the studied cultivars of ginger namely Bhaisey, Ernad Chanad, Gorubathaney and Turia Local. Pollen Mother Cells (PMCs) showed incomplete homologous pairing in metaphase I and spindle abnormalities (late separation, laggard chromosomes, sticky bridge and etc.) in anaphase I leading to pollen sterility (60.80%). Lack of seed set inspite of selfing and cross pollination might be due to non-homology in bivalents with irregular segregation of genomic complements leading to sterile garnet formation. Failure of germination of pollen in artificial media (2-15% sucrose solution) was due to the absence of pollen germinating pores and which was confirmed by Scanning Electron Microscopic studies. P. Das, S. Rai and A. B. Das, Cytogenetic Laboratory, Regional Plant Resource Centre, Bhubaneswar 751015 Orissa, India.


The paper deals with the motion planning problem for Dubins-like mobile robots in dynamic environment. Velocity obstacles (VO) method and its non-linear version (NLVO) can be applied for planning a collision-free trajectory for a robot moving among static and dynamic obstacles, whose positions and velocity vectors are supposed to be known. VO and NLVO algorithms determine a velocity vector for the robot which corresponds not necessarily to the orientation of the robot, hence a Dubins-like mobile robot cannot apply it exactly. In this paper we present a method similar to NLVO, but it results motions feasible for Dubins-like robots. Longitudinal velocities and radii of turning circles are calculated, which ensure collision-free motion if the movement of the obstacles are known for some time-horizon.


The study was motivated by the United Nations Management Reform programme initiated in 2000 (U.N., 2000). Since then, United Nations organizations focus their spotlight on organizational changes and managerial reforms. However, in the meantime, they have also been struggling to align their management activities to the Reform programme requirements, with limited and varying levels of success. That is primarily due to the degree of complexity of the United Nations as a whole because of its institutional culture, political nature, and the global environmental pressures that the U.N. and all its agencies face today. Therefore, this study argues that United Nations Reform implies the urgency for change. However, change needs to be included as part of the strategy for it to be adequately managed. Organization's strategic management requires continuous measurement of organizational performance to serve the purpose of reform. Hence, this reform can be reviewed as a management chain of change-strategy-performance-project which can be linked to two ways: integrated and cyclical that allows the organization to improve continuously. It is in this study that all the management components are put together, an integrated view is proposed as the theoretical model, and a Just-in-Time approach is introduced to operationalize the conceptual model in the United Nations context.
The results of this study confirm strategic management positively influences in performance management, which positively influences in strategic implementation (project management) through the integration efforts. Statistically, it is well supported by our research model. The results also confirm that the efforts put to minimize the negative influence of political and institutional pressures would lead to achieving a better programme performance in United Nations organizations. Lastly, this study applies the principles of the Just-in-Time notion to United Nations integrated management model in order to achieve optimal results in efficiency and effectiveness.


In residential homes for people with learning or intellectual disabilities (or mental retardation, in North American usage), a routine way for staff members to structure residents' time is to propose outside activities (e.g. shopping trips to town, attendance at a concert and so on). We identify one common way of proposing such activities that reveals a subtle but significant aspect of the staff's understanding of the residents' identities. Staff often introduce an activity not by mentioning its actual qualities (e.g. `Do you want to go and see a church concert with lots of singing?'), but by associating it with a given individual (e.g. `Do you want to go to a concert with Bill?'). This practice favours the social aspect of the residents' choices over any other, and encourages the residents' conceptions of themselves as people with feelings who care about others, and who are, in turn, cared about. We discuss the implications of such an apparently positive identity ascription.


AIM:To compare clinicopathological features of acute presentation of type 1 autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) with or without centrilobular necrosis(CN).METHODS:Our study comprised 41 patients with biopsy-proven acute presentation(acute exacerbation phase 36,acute hepatitis phase 5) of type 1 AIH at our hospital from 1975 to 2009.Elevated serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)(> 5x upper limit of normal) identified acute presentation of the disease.We compared clinicopathological features of these AIH patients with or without CN.The data used for analysis included patient background(age,sex,type of disease,presence of complications with other autoimmune diseases,human leukocyte antigen,and International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group score),clinical parameters at presentation(ALT,alkaline phosphatase,IgG,anti-nuclear antibodies,and anti-smooth muscle antibodies),histology and therapy.RESULTS:CN was found in 13(31.7%) patients with acute presentation(acute exacerbation phase 10,acute hepatitis phase 3) of AIH.Serum IgG levels of patients with CN were significantly lower than those of patients without CN(mean:2307 mg/dL vs 3126 mg/dL,P < 0.05),while antinuclear antibody-negative rates were significantly higher(30.7%vs 3.5%,P < 0.05).However,other clinical features were similar between the two groups.The frequency of advanced fibrosis in patients with CN was significantly lower than in patients without CN(F0-2:84.6% vs 35.7%,F3-4:15.4% vs 64.3%,P < 0.05).Other histological features were similar between the two groups.Although there was no significant difference between groups when evaluated using the revised original score(12 vs 14),the simplified AIH score of patients with CN was significantly lower(6 vs 7,P < 0.05).Frequency of DR4 was similar between patients with and without CN.CONCLUSION:CN is observed in both Japanese patients with acute hepatitis phase and acute exacerbation phase of type 1 AIH,although AIH with CN often shows clinical features of the genuine acute form.


Non-saponin gingseng fraction components (NSRG) have been known to have a variety of biological activity. However, the effects of these components on the function of brain cell have not been characterized in detail. In this study, we investigated the preventive effect of non-saponin red ginseng components on acrylamide (ACR)-induced suppression of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM), which is highly expressed in neuronal cells. The data showed that NSRG blocked the suppression of NCAM expression by ACR in neuroblastoma cells (SK-N-SH). In addition, NSRG significantly increased NCAM expression in ACR-nontreated neuroblastoma cells. NSRG treatment resulted in the increase of cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. We also examined whether NSRG could modulate the NO production of astrocytes. When glioma cells (C6) were treated with various concentrations of NSRG (100-300 ㎍/ml) in the presence or absence of IFN-γ for 24 hours, NO production was suppressed in IFN-γ-stimulated C6 cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that treatment of brain cells with NSRG results in the enhancement of proliferation, the suppression of NO production and the protective effect on NCAM expression impaired by ACR. Thus, the present data suggest that NSRG has proliferative and neuroprotective effects and these effects could be useful in neuronal diseases.


Uranium enriching,fuel reprocessing and disposal,nuclear accidents all contribute to increases in the concentrations of uranium in soils. Jiangxi province is one of the main production areas of uranium mines in East China,and many uranium tailings have been produced since the 1950 s. Thus,widespread soils have been contaminated and need to be treated in a timely manner. Nanoscale zero- valent iron( NZVI) displays great potential in the field of soils' remediation due to its huge surface area,large adsorption capacity. The sources and situations of uranium- contaminated soils,the methods for remediation of uranium- contaminated soils,the main properties of NZVI and its applications in environment and soils' remediation were reviewed. The research results can provide references for uranium contaminated soils remediation.


A new shell microencapsulated phase change materials (MEPCMs) were prepared by interfacial polymerization, and butyl stearate and polyurethane were employed as core material and shell material, respectively, while polyurethane shell was reacted by isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), triethanolamine (TEA). The surface morphology and chemical structure of MEPCMs were investigated by SEM, FTIR. The results show that the morphology of the prepared microcapsules was approximately spherical, and the surface of the prepared microcapsules was compact but concave, and has good thermal storage properties. When the continuous drying time point is at 120°C for 6 hours, the weight loss of MEPCMs was only 5.77%.


We present a new technique for the determination of the reaction plane in heavy-ion reactions at incident energies ranging from the Fermi energy up to \ensuremath{\approxeq}100 MeV/nucleon. Our technique exploits the azimuthal correlation between light particles and the reaction plane. For illustrative purposes, azimuthal distributions of particles with respect to the reaction plane are extracted from data taken by the Michigan State University 4\ensuremath{\pi} array for 35 MeV/nucleon Ar+V collisions. The influences of momentum conservation and detection biases on the reaction plane determination are discussed, and the accuracy of the new technique is evaluated.


Microcrystals and microcrystalline films of diamond were prepared on molybdenum substrates in a thermal plasma which was produced by rf inductive heating in an argon‐hydrogen‐methane mixture gas under 1 atm pressure. The deposition rate amounted to 1 μm/min.


Increase in ambient temperatures caused by climate change affects various morphological and developmental traits of plants, threatening crop yield stability. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) plays prominent roles in temperature sensing and thermomorphogenesis signal transduction. However, how crop species respond to elevated temperatures is poorly understood. Here, we show that the barley ortholog of AtELF3 interacts with high temperature to control growth and development. We used heterogeneous inbred family (HIF) pairs generated from a segregating mapping population and systematically studied the role of exotic ELF3 variants in barley temperature responses. An exotic ELF3 allele from Syrian origin promoted elongation growth in barley at elevated temperatures, whereas plant area and estimated biomass were drastically reduced, resulting in an open canopy architecture. The same allele accelerated inflorescence development at high temperature, which correlated with early transcriptional induction of MADS-box floral identity genes BM3 and BM8. Consequently, barley plants carrying the exotic ELF3 allele displayed stable total grain number and mitigated yield loss at elevated temperatures. Our findings therefore demonstrate that exotic ELF3 variants can contribute to phenotypic and developmental acclimation to elevated temperatures, providing a stimulus for breeding of climate resilient crops. Highlight We demonstrate that an exotic allele of EARLY FLOWERING 3 (ELF3) contributes to plant architectural and developmental acclimation, and thereby improves yield stability at high ambient temperatures.


Ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) and fluorescence microspectrophotometry (MSP) offer direct, relatively inexpensive, and informative means of characterizing dyed textile fibers. Visual comparisons among the fiber spectra have been supplemented by multivariate statistical analysis to confirm the statistical validity of discrimination observed. Overall, UV-VIS and fluorescence microspectrophotometry are valuable tools for the discrimination of fibers, in particular for discrimination of fibers of similar color but different dye composition.


Abstract : World War II command and control systems were more rudimentary than those we have today. Additionally, operational naval commanders as late as 1943 based their doctrine on prewar perceptions of war at sea. The result was a series of defeats in the waters around Guadalcanal and in the Slot. As commanders tried to reassess their tactics and operations, attempting to shift the tide of battle in the Solomon Islands, Commodore Arleigh A. Burke assumed his first wartime command. As a commander of destroyer divisions and squadrons, Burke developed and implemented an aggressive fighting doctrine that changed the operational employment of destroyers in battle. Stressing unity of command, surprise, and delegation of authority, Burke's doctrine lead to significant successes in surface engagements in the South Command and control, LITTLE BEAVERS style, Arleigh burke in the Solomon Islands campaign Pacific. Arleigh Burke is not only a great historical sea story, but provides an example of successful command and control in combat situations while utilizing minimal technological systems.


In gastric contents a potent lipase is present which hydrolyses the milk lipids to mainly diglycerides and free fatty acids. This hydrolysis hasearlier beendemonstratedinrats and now in human infants. The gastric lipo‐lysis may facilitate the further digestian of the milk lipids by transformation of the fat droplets to a substrate that is more readily attacked by the pancreatic lipases.


The principal axes of the sulfate ion minimum‐equipotential contact surface with respect to its charge center, and the charge and electric dipole moment distribution in the sulfate ion and in the water molecule, are derived for Li2SO4⋅H2O on the basis of previously determined net atomic charges [J. Chem. Phys. 85, 5221 (1986)]. The sulfate ion has a nonzero dipole moment of about 2.3×10−30 C m at 80 K that rotates 9° in the crystallographic a,c plane between 298 and 80 K. The dipole moment of the water molecule increases from about 6.7×10−30 C m at 298 K to 7.8×10−30 C m at 80 K, as it rotates 3.6° in the b,c plane. The total spontaneous polarization at 298 K is calculated to be 3.19(62)×10−2 C m−2, and at 80 K it is 4.37(51)×10−2 C m−2, along the positive direction of the polar axis. The sense and magnitude of the resulting calculated 1.18×10−2 C m−2 polarization change compare well with the experimental value of 1.04×10−2 C m−2 measured on heating through the same temperature interval. Determination of ...


We investigated a virus‐neutralizing conformational epitope of the rabies virus glycoprotein (G) that is recognized by an anti‐G monoclonal antibody (mAb; #1‐46‐12) and shared by most of the laboratory strains of the virus. To investigate the epitope structure, we isolated escape mutants from the HEP‐Flury virus (wild‐type; wt) after repeated passages in culture in the presence of the mAb. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that the mutants could be classified into two groups; the Group I lacked the epitope, while Group II preserved the epitope. The latter was dominant under the passage conditions, since Group I disappeared during the continuous passages. G proteins showed different electrophoretic mobilities; G protein of Group I migrated at the same rate as wt G protein, while that of Group II migrated at a slower rate, which was shown to be due to acquisition of an additional oligosaccharide side chain. Nucleotide sequencing of the G gene strongly suggested that amino acid substitutions at Thr‐36 by Pro and Ser‐39 by Thr of the G protein are responsible for the escape mutations of Groups I and II, respectively. The latter is a unique mutation of the rabies virus that allows the G protein to be glycosylated additionally at Asn‐37, a potential glycosylation site that is not glycosylated in the parent virus, in preserving the epitope‐positive conformation. These results suggest that to keep the 1‐46‐12 epitope structure is of greater survival advantage for the virus to escape the neutralization than to destroy it, which could be achieved by acquiring an additional oligosaccharide chain at Asn‐37.


The first catalytic asymmetric [3 + 2] annulation of 3-methylene substituted oxindoles with allylsilanes is developed to give spirocyclopentane derivatives in high diastereo- and enantioselectivity.


A layered radio cell architecture is described for high capacity cellular networks, such as PCN, in which the microcells are used to increase the capacity of the system. Alternative frequency assignment schemes which support this approach are considered. A technique for handling high speed mobiles is proposed. This scheme effectively prevents handover between layers for mobiles moving too fast for the microcells and is being incorporated into phase 2 of the GSM/DCS 1800 European digital cellular/PCN standards.<<ETX>>


ICALT, the International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies, brings together people who are working on the design, development, use and evaluation of technologies that will be the foundation of the next generation of e-learning systems and technology-enhanced learning environments. In its 8th edition the theme selected was "Learning technologies in the Information society" with a view to encourage the exploration of the role of learning technologies in the transformation from the information society to the knowledge society where everybody (independently of race, sex, abilities, capabilities, ...) can be benefit from technologies to enhance her learning process. This opens a world of opportunities for analyzing the use of technology in learning environments that take into account the characteristics and expectations of different kinds of users and different kinds of learning experiences, whether formal or informal, individual or cooperative, life-long or short term. A total of 98 papers were accepted as full papers in the main ICALT conference, what makes a 23.47% acceptance rate. From these papers the editors of this special issue selected a number of contributions that went through a peer review process. We'd like to thank all the reviewers that contributed with their judgment and comments to select the papers in this issue; their names listed below in recognition of their efforts. After the review process, 12 papers were finally selected to illustrate the advances in three relevant areas: Personalized educational systems, Computer supported collaborative and social learning and New generation of educational technologies. Personalized educational systems are aimed at adapting the educational experience to meet different kinds needs, goals and preferences. This is an important area of research and development where different approaches can be applied to understand how the differences impact the learning process and which kind of tools have to be used, whether computer based or not, to make it more efficient. In this issue two of the papers selected in this category deal with the learning styles of students. Firstly, Sabine Graf, Kinshuk and Tzu-Chien Liu propose in "Supporting Teachers in Identifying Students' Learning Styles in Learning Management Systems: An Automatic Student Modelling Approach" a tool to identify the learning styles of online students; a valuable information that can assist teachers in understanding how to shape the learning experience for each student. Secondly, in "Student Learning Styles Adaptation Method Based on Teaching Strategies and Electronic Media", Ana Lidia Franzoni and Said Assar provide a framework to select the best teaching strategy and electronic materials according to the learning style of the student. The third paper is included in this category, "Automatic Recommendations for E-Learning Personalization Based on Web Usage Mining Techniques and Information Retrieval" by Mohamed Koutheair Khribi, Mohamed Jemni and Olfa Nasraoui, deals with collaborative filtering for e-learning recommendations. The authors use web mining techniques and scalable search engine technology to obtain the recommendations from a massive repository of educational resources. The second group of papers are related to Computer supported Collaborative and Social Learning. CSCL has been a classical topic in education as in many occasions learning occur when interacting with other peers and the mechanisms to create and motivate the groups, as well as the kind of activities and teaching strategies to apply makes up a broad research area. Two papers in this issue deal with group formation. In "A Framework for Semantic Group Formation in Education", Asma Ounnas, Hugh C. Davis and David E. Millard describe a framework that given a number of constraints defined by the teacher proposes groups based on the use of semantic data about the students features. In "InstanceCollage: a tool for the particularization of collaborative IMS-LD scripts", Eloy D. …


A calculation of the stress distribution in a bend by solving the three-dimensional problem in the theory of elasticity is discussed. The method of boundary integral equations implemented as a universal algorithm is employed. A computational model and an applied software package have been developed for computer-aided generation of a computational grid to calculate a small number of geometric parameters. An optimal scheme was selected for digitizing the computational model. The results obtained have made it possible to evaluate stresses in a bend of arbitrary geometry carrying a preset combination of loads with an acceptable degree of precision.


Indonesian and English are two language that are learnt by Indonesian student. Both of them can be used to communicate, to gain knowledge, etc. this research departs from Thorndike and Snelbecker's frame Of thinking: Transfer will happen if there is same factor between subject A and subject B. it is called positive transfer. On the contrary if there are differences, it will happen negative transfer. That is interference in English learning process.
Significances of the research are, to know a role of transfer in learning in the second and foreign language, to know the influence of Indonesian pattern to the student/s performance in English, to hold a difference between Indonesian pattern and English pattern clearly, to apply a difference between Indonesian pattern and English pattern in order that the student's can use the two sentences.
The procedure that the writer used in this research is to prepare for collecting data, and to administer the research, namely, interview, observation, and test to gain data the data of the achievement's test in Indonesian and English pattern, it has 75,35. It means their ability is good in Indonesian pattern. Whereas the average score of student's achievement in English pattern, it has 42, 25. It means their achievement is lack.
The correlation between the student's ability in Indonesian pattern and their achievement in English pattern, it obtained the coefficient of correlation 0,85 or on the other word the correlation is very high. Whereas the degree of influences the two variable's are 0,47. It indicates that the student's achievement in English pattern is influenced forty seven percent by their ability in Indonesian pattern.


e20018Background: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have single agent activity in various types of lymphoma. They have been shown to restore antigen-specific immune recognition in cancer cells ...


ABSTRACT This paper assesses a new trend and details how the executive mayoralty in the UK has morphed into a tool that allows politicians to advance their respective political agenda and generate images of achievement by exerting their leverage with the national media. Drawing on Boorstin's concept of pseudo-events as an interpretive prism it is argued that in a range of countries the executive mayoralty has for years been used by high-profile mayors to build personal reputation, retain or create party political loyalty and enhance support among the electorate. As a result the mayoral office becomes more appealing to politicians who intend to attain high office and look for a way to make their names and policies widely recognized with voters nationally. Thus municipal leadership in the UK constitutes an alternative route for politicians who aspire to party leadership or ministerial office.


The utility model discloses an automotive signal transmission line, which comprises a conductor, wherein the external part of the conductor is sequentially coated with a polyester tape, an aluminum-magnesium alloy wire mesh and a wear-resistant insulating layer. The automotive signal transmission line is characterized in that the conductor comprises a hollow core body, the hollow core body is provided with an internal conductor, the hollow core body is further provided with an inner ring portion covering the internal conductor, a plurality of rib portions extending from the inner ring portion in a radial mode, an outer ring portion connected with the outer ends of the rib portions, and a plurality of hollow portions formed by the inner ring portion, the rib portions and the outer ring portion in an enclosing mode, the conductor further comprises four twisted pairs arranged in a mode of being parallel to the hollow core body, each twisted pair is externally coated with a friction reducing coating, the coating and the twisted pair are also provided with a tear assisting tape therebetween, the outer surface of the wear-resistant insulating layer is further provided with a plurality of annular grooves, a convex block and an elastic check ring matched with the annular grooves and the convex block along the length direction of the conductor. The automotive signal transmission line is fixed in an automobile conveniently, and does not affect signal transmission at the same time. In addition, stripping can be carried out conveniently when the automotive signal transmission line is required to be stripped.


Bengal has a strong connection with the history of colonization in the Indian subcontinent. It was witness to commercial forays by East India Companies (EIC) set up by a number of European powers. The four colonial towns of Serampore, Chandernagore, Chinsurah and Bandel set up by the Dutch, French, Danes and Portuguese EICs have recently been designated as "Little Europe" by the Government of West Bengal. These towns, representing the imprint of European urban patterns on pre-existing settlements in Bengal, flourished during the 15th to the 19th centuries. While the colonial history of Kolkata (former Calcutta) has been investigated through multi-disciplinary lenses, the same cannot be assumed for the towns of Little Europe. This paper introduces Neighbourhood Vitality Index (NVI), developed by the authors for the evaluation of urban vitality in residential neighbourhoods of colonial towns, and presents an overview of the Accessibility component of the NVI, conceptualized as Accessibility Index (AI). This can serve as a useful evaluation tool for investigating degree of accessibility in residential areas of medium sized towns.