The control of cell behavior to increase biocompatibility of implantable medical devices can be improved by protein coatings. Plasma fibronectin (FN) is a circulating soluble protein capable of assembling into insoluble filaments, fibrils and networks which promote various cellular processes and tissue integrity. FN fibrillogenesis is initiated by a conformational change, which has been proposed to involve charge-mediated opening of its structure. In this study, we have used a bare gold surface polarized electrochemically in the double-layer region to modulate its charge from highly positive to highly negative. The negatively charged surface promoted molecular extension and assembly of FN into beaded filaments and creation of a stable protein coating as examined by atomic force microscopy and electrochemical differential capacitance measurements. Gold surfaces with open and filamentous FN showed significantly improved endothelial cell adhesion while allowing formation of cell–cell contacts. Such surfaces may be used to promote rapid endothelialisation of cardiovascular stents.


Instruction is based on human rational activities.The chaos in teaching field reflects there exist some troubles with the rationality which guides and discipline teaching practice.The value rationality of teaching missed and the instrumental rationality prevailed.Teaching value reason is about"the value of teaching"and "question of value relates to teaching process"rational.The background of the loss of teaching value reason is the loss of value reason of this era.Multi value characteristic of teaching practice also caused the loss of teaching value reason.The ways to promote the teaching value rational recovery includes:in-depth inquiry into the value of teaching,discuss and debate on the teaching value,reflection on the training of teachers' ability of critical.


The design and manufacture for MW-class AC-excited doubly-fed generator is very important in the variable speed constant frequency Doubly-Fed wind power system.In this paper,the operation characteristics and the electromagnetic design features of generator are discussed.Based on equivalent circuit and power relation,the electromagnetic design program for machine adapted to apply in the practical project is presented.Analysis of the results demonstrates that this program is correct and reliable.


The forward problem of electrical impedance tomography on unbounded domains can be studied by introducing appropriate function spaces for this setting. In this paper we derive the point‐wise asymptotic behaviour of weak solutions to this problem in the three‐dimensional case. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The Panther Tongue is a fluvio-deltaic parasequence in the lower part of the Star Point Sandstone formation in the Wasatch Plateau, central Utah, deposited during the late Cretaceous period. The sedimentology of the Panther Tongue and adjacent beach ridges parasequence has been extensively described by Hwang & Heller (2002) and Hampson et al. (2011). This study aims to produce an estimate of the magnitude of the sediment supply and the sea level fluctuations at the time when the Panther Tongue delta was formed. First, two delta sections and a beach ridges section were constructed by interpreting and correlating available logs, using the Manti geological map (Witkind et al., 1987) and geological interpretations from Hwang & Heller (2002) and Hampson et al. (2011). Next, a numerical delta and beach ridges model '2DStratSim' in MATLAB was used to simulate the delta and beach ridges sections. Forward simulations with different sea level and sediment supply scenarios were run in order to determine a model that best fits the constructed delta and beach ridges sections. The input variables of the best matching simulation are the following. The relative sea level falls 28 meters over 80 000 years. The sea level decreases 4 meters over the first 40 000 years and 24 meters over the next 40 000 years. The average bed sediment load supply is 0,03 m3/s. The average suspended sediment load supply is 0,04 m3/s. The bed sediment load supply varies between 0,15 m3/s and 0,005 m3/s. The suspended sediment load supply varies between 0,1 m3/s and 0,005 m3/s. The total bed sediment volume was 1,92??10?^11 m3. The average suspended sediment load supply was 0,04 m3/s. The total suspended sediment volume was 1,55??10?^11 m3/s.


We have proposed a new physical approach for the design of mid-IR lasers based on type II heterojunctions with a large asymmetric band-offset at the interface. These high potential barriers produce effective electron-hole confinement at the interface and results in a tunnel-injection radiative recombination mechanism within the device due to reduced leakage current from the active region. The creation of high barriers for carriers leads to their strong accumulation in the active region and increases quantum emission efficiency of the spatially separated electrons and holes across the heteroboundary. Our approach also leads to the suppression of non-radiative Auger-recombination and a corresponding increase in the operation temperature of the laser. The active region of the laser structure consists of the type II heterojunction formed by narrow-gap InGaAsSb and wide-gap GaInAsSb layers lattice-matched to InAs substrate. In the present work we compare the behaviour of p-p and p-n heterointerface tunnel injection lasers grown by LPE operating at /spl lambda/=3.2-3.26 /spl mu/m.


Inexpensive and accurate carrier testing for cystic fibrosis (CF) will be possible in the near future. There are no existing studies on the attitudes of English persons in the community to carrier testing for CF or any other recessive disorder. We have conducted a trial study of 166 persons at two schools, two doctors' surgeries, and a family planning clinic. Only a minority had clear pre‐existing knowledge of cystic fibrosis and its genetic nature. However, over 80 per cent of those questioned expressed interest in knowing their carrier status. Although it is well known that uptake can only be assessed when a service is in place, and while further studies are required to confirm that testing will be of interest to couples of reproductive age with no previous knowledge of CF, the data strongly suggest that there will be interest in communitywide testing for CF carrier status when such a test becomes available in the United Kingdom.


The paper presents rational procedures to estimate normalised shear modulus and damping ratio from measured responses of reinforced soil model walls tested in a 1-g shaking table. Displacement measured at the top of the model walls and input base acceleration time histories are used to produce equivalent hysteretic responses of the model walls. Equivalent hysteretic loops at different strain amplitudes are developed and used to calculate normalised modulus degradation curves and damping ratio for the tested model walls. Model wall responses are also analysed using the single degree of freedom (SDOF) model to determine damping ratio and phase difference, and to verify the validity of SDOF model for application with reinforced soil walls. Results indicate that the normalised shear modulus significantly decreased at the early stage of the base shaking (i.e. γs < 0.03%). For example, about 68% and 80% reductions in shear modulus occurred at γs = 0.005% and 0.01% respectively. In addition, a 90% reduction in the normalised shear modulus realised at relatively strong input base acceleration (i.e. for γs > 0.03%). Minimum damping ratio of 5% to 10% for both model walls was obtained, increased to 15% to 20% at strain amplitude γs = 0.3%, and reached higher values thereafter. Finally, dynamic properties determined from the proposed method are compared with experimental and empirical relationships proposed in literature as well as resonant column test results.


This paper investigates the operation of the purification column at the back-end of an industrial plant. To achieve the best performance of the distillation unit that is maximising the production of the high grade product olefin oxide (HO) with minimum energy required, an iterative algorithm for calculation of back-off index has been used to analyse the flexibility and controllability of the system. Feasible operation with or without control, disturbance rejection and set point tracking in the face of disturbances can be measured by the amount of back-off from the nominal optimum operating conditions calculated within an optimisation framework. The rigorous steady state and dynamic models of the purification column have been developed and modified in ASPEN and SPEEDUP flowsheeting packages. Using these two models the amount of back-off for both open-loop and closed-loop cases is calculated. As a result, it is shown that: 1) the column can be safely operated at the open-loop back-off conditions but at the cost of some economic loss. 2) the penalty associated with the open-loop operation can be partly recovered using some kind of control systems, and 3) the amount of this back-off gives an upper bound on the cost of any type of controller that is to be applied in the column.


Herein one proposes a mutual information-based registration method using pixel gradient information rather than pixel intensity information. Special care is paid to finding the global maximum of the registration function. In particular, one uses simulated annealing method speeded up by including a statistical analysis to reduce the next search space across the cooling schedule. An additional speed up is obtained by combining this numerical strategy with hill-climbing method. Experimental results obtained on a limited database of biological images illustrate that the proposed method for image registration is relatively fast, and performs well as the overlap between the floating and reference images is decreased and/or the image resolution is coarsened.


Single-chain polymer nanoparticles (SCNPs) are soft matter constructed by intrachain crosslink, with promising prospects in detection and catalysis. Herein, the fluorescent core (SCNPs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) was prepared, applying for H2 O2 detection through intermolecular heavy-atom effect. In detail, the SCNPs precursors were synthesized by ring-opening copolymerization. Then the SCNPs were prepared by intramolecularly cross-linking via olefin metathesis. Imitating the structure of AIE dots, SCNPs were encapsulated by H2 O2 -responsive polymers. Probably due to the stable secondary structure of SCNPs, the obtained micelles show stable fluorescence performance. Furthermore, as the heavy-atom, tellurium was introduced into the carriers to construct the heavy-atom effect. In this micelle-based system, the SCNPs act as the fluorescent core, and the stimuli-responsive polymer acts as the carrier and the fluorescent switch. The hydrophilicity of the tellurium-containing segment is affected by the concentration of H2 O2 , resulting in a change in the distance from the SCNPs, which ultimately leads to a change in the fluorescence intensity. And tellurium is particularly sensitive to H2 O2 , which can detect low concentrations of H2 O2 . The SCNPs were merged with AIE materials, hoping to explore new probe design. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Aims To investigate the sex-specific global burden of neonatal preterm birth (NPB) vision impairment by year, age, and socioeconomic status using years lived with disability (YLDs). Methods The global, regional, and national sex-specific YLD numbers, crude YLD rates, and age-standardized YLD rates of NPB-related moderate and severe vision loss and blindness were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Wilcoxon test and linear regression were used to investigate the relationship between sex difference in age-standardized YLD rates and the Human Development Index (HDI). Results Between 1990 and 2019, the gender disparity in age-standardized YLD rates for NPB-related vision impairment remained stable, increasing from 10.2 [95% uncertainty interval (UI) 6.7–14.6] to 10.4 (95% UI 6.9–15.0) for men and 10.3 (95% UI 6.8–14.7) to 10.7 (95% UI 7.2–15.1) for women, with women consistently having higher age-standardized YLD rates. Between the ages of 25 and 75, women had higher YLD rates than males, with the biggest disparity in the 60–64 age group. In 2019, sex difference in age-standardized YLD rates across 195 nations was statistically significant. Women had higher age-standardized YLD rates than men in both low (Z = −3.53, p < 0.001) and very high HDI countries (Z = −4.75, p < 0.001). Additionally, age-standardized YLD rates were found to be adversely associated with HDI (male: Standardized β = −0.435, female: Standardized β = −0.440; p < 0.001). Conclusion Despite advancements in worldwide NPB health care, sexual differences in NPB-related vision impairment burden showed little change. Female had higher burden than male, particularly in low and very high socioeconomic status countries.


dissolution of royal marriages are contained inDissolving Royal Marriages, which also provides extensive (and brilliantly executed) translations of relevant documents, while the present volume allows for a razor-sharp focus on d'Arvray's own analysis. It also allows a different approach to translations. The translations in Dissolving Royal Marriages provided an insight into the development of papal thinking and language, but in Papacy, Monarchy and Marriage d'Avray adds translations that focus on the development of the formal shape and layout of papal decisions to underpin his insights concerning the increasing formality of the process of marriage dissolution and the increasing sophistication of the grants of papal dispensations. The development of the Church's interpretation of the purpose, place and practice of marriage is not an easy topic and this book has been criticised by some for being written in dense, almost impenetrable prose. However, I found it an exciting and stimulating read. However, it is not an easy read, and many of the points that d'Avray makes are subtle and difficult for the untrained to grasp. Having said this, I am happy to report that, despite initial reservations, the final-year undergraduate students to whom I assigned the book told me at the end of term that they had ultimately found it clear and lucid and praised the monograph highly. On its own, this volume is an impressive rethink of the development of the Church's incest rules and their application. With its sister volume, Dissolving Royal Marriages, it is likely to stimulate discussion (and student engagement) for years to come.


Under the strategic task of promoting high-quality green development in the Yellow River Basin, building an evaluation system for green development indicators in the Yellow River Basin is an urgent problem to be solved. This article combines the characteristics of the Yellow River Basin, comprehensively considers the main factors such as the natural environment and social economic system in the basin. Based on the DPSIR model, it constructs an evaluation indicator system which is suitable for the green development of the Yellow River Basin. The results show that the green development index of the Yellow River Basin is 2.55 which means the green development level is relatively low. Therefore, various measures should be taken to improve the green development level of the Yellow River Basin.


Nine females of Patin, Pangasius hypophthalmus (1.3-2.9 kg) were treated with human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) . Two HCG injections (500 and 1500 IU/kg at a 14-h interval) induced oocyte final maturation for all females. Oocytes from three females were continuously monitored by cannulation. The oocyte final maturation was grade I prior to hormone treatment and the fish released eggs at grade VI. Newly ovulated eggs (40-300 g) from nine females were stripped during 7 h 30 min-14 h 30 min after the second injection at 26.0-33.5•Ž. The number of eggs was 1423-2052 eggs/g. The mean diameter of the newly ovulated eggs of nine females ranged from 1.06-1.12 mm. The stages of egg development were observed in three females. The eggs hatched during 22 h 45 min-34 h after fertilization at 26.0-30.0•Ž. The fertilization and hatching rates of nine females were 80.6•}5.0% and 56.8•}12.4% (mean•}SD), respectively. This study concludes that high fertilization and hatching rates of P. hypophthalmus can be achieved by determining the optimum timing for egg stripping by monitoring oocyte final maturation.


Physical strength exercises are a very important content of athletic trainings. Relevant literature is cited and analyzed to enable the P. E. teachers and coaches alike to have a full understanding of equal and superequallength muscle exercises in physical strength exercises. The method taken in this study is experiment analysis. Results show that both ways of exercise result in notable improvement in the participants' physical conditions, although the degree of improvement varies according to the concrete way that is taken. To be exact, the superequallength muscle exercises witness a more striking improvement in the participants' jumping ability and explosive force.


The technological process of artificial propagation and seed culturing of cultivated Fugu obscurus includes the following steps: 1. overwintering cultivation from salty water to fresh water of cultivated Fugu obscurus in the winters and springs for 3-4 years to select parent fishes artificially on the basis of controlling the ecological environment and growth rule of Fugu obscurus; 2. promoting the growth of parent fish gonad and ovulation in simulated natural condition by means of hormone regulation and other measures; and 3. management and ecological control in fry cultivating stage to raise the survival rate and successful artificial propagation. The present invention reduces the dependence on natural resource of Fugu obscurus, and is favorable to the population proliferation of Fugu obscurus.


For graduate students and other emerging qualitative researchers, the ever-evolving and sometimes conflicting perspectives, methodologies, and practices within various post-positivist frameworks (e.g. feminist, critical, Indigenous, participatory) can be overwhelming. Qualitative researchers working within postmodern contexts of multiplicity and ambiguity are tasked with working through challenges – related to methods, interpretation, and representation – throughout the research process. Through examining related literature and incorporating my own experiences, I explore ethical dilemmas that social justice-oriented qualitative researchers may encounter as a result of conflicting multiplicities of difference among researcher(s), participants, and readers. Such dilemmas include incongruent interpretations between participants and researchers, and participants' and researchers' conflicting desires about what should be shared, intercultural (mis)interpretations, rapport issues, and conflicts between research life and home life. I consider how combining the practices of attending to assemblages, engaging in critical reflexivity, and centralizing communion may be useful in navigating relationships and ethical dilemmas in qualitative research.


Here is developed a numerical approach in order to study the seismic behavior of different high voltage classes OIP transformer bushings for 123kV, 245kV and 420kV. The developed method is used to incorporate three different types of seismic modeling: random vibration, response spectrum and harmonic response analyzes, based on modal analysis results. The combination of finite element analyzes is done by Ansys-Workbench software. Results were obtained and analyzed for mechanical deformation, local accelerations and influence of modal shapes frequencies on vibration spectra during seismic events.


This article presents a study of the relationship of the personal characteristics of adolescents (per-sonal aggressiveness and anxiety) to an unconscious attitude to commercials in which there are acts of aggression. The study was conducted in two stages. At the first stage, the adolescents were offered the Buss-Durkee questionnaire, questionnaire of Spielberger-Khanin, Eysenck questionnaire. In addition, they had to rank the colors according to the method of M. Luscher according to the degree of their attractiveness to themselves. At the second stage of the study, they were shown commercials with elements of aggression. After watching commercials, retesting was performed using the technique of M. Luscher, as well as the method of Etkind's Color Test. A sample of our research was made by adolescents aged 14-16 in an amount of 60 people. The entire sample is divided into 2 subgroups: adolescents with a high level of aggression (30 people) and adolescents with a low level of aggression (30 people). The results indicate that adolescents with a high level of aggression perceive the scenes of violence in television advertising as encouraging activity and overcoming harassment, which further aggravates the aggression. At the same time, adolescents with low levels of aggression, on the contrary, perceive aggressive advertising as depressing and unpleasant.


ahlraums vor. Abstract. The aim of the article is to analyze the construction of geographical realities in the media by so called world "insiders". Which attributes do the world insiders ascribe to spatial territories and which dia- and prognoses of the contemporary world do they o er? In addition, the question has to be raised as to why their interpretations are so appealing and popular. Two theoretical approaches - discourse and performance/performativity - form the framework of the analysis. The theoretical link between the discursive and argumentative level on the one hand and the performative level on the other hand combines verbal and non-verbal geography-making. Our claim is that both levels are essential for an analysis of the world insiders and their ways of world construction. To integrate these two levels we suggest the concepts of Narrative space and Narrated space.


SUMMARY
A 40 year old woman with unusual bone changes due probably to an unclassified hereditary connective tissue disorder or arrested Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis is described.

Since the establishment of the Consultation Service for Bone Disease in the Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, the junior author (K.K.) has received two main types of consultation. One, in which he confirms the known diagnosis, the other in which he confirms unknown diagnoses. The following case belongs to the second group.


Abstract Drawing on ethnographic research across two street-level bureaucratic institutions in Istanbul, Turkey in the late 2010s, this paper traces the causes and implications of the politicisation of bureaucrats in the context of authoritarianisation. It argues that politicisation of bureaucrats cannot solely be taken as a reflection of the erosion of bureaucratic autonomy and capacity but must be explored further to reveal how bureaucrats cope with authoritarian pressure as well socio-legal destabilisations to preserve their institutional ethos. To this aim, I demonstrate how bureaucrats get politicised in response to authoritarian policies and, in turn, labour to uphold the rule of law despite politico-legal risks. The paper particularly focuses on how bureaucrats weave political solidarity and circulate anti-government discourses and how they use their knowledge of the legal-regulatory repertoire and archives to deter and 'correct' unlawful practices through their everyday work. The paper generates insights into the fashionings of political subjectivities and agency by bureaucrats through their labouring in the face of authoritarian interventions, legal disruptions and the increasing interactions with the citizenry. In doing this, my objective is to shed light on the everyday workings of authoritarian state and to get a better picture of the way the law is 'made real' (Latour, 2002) across mundane encounters between bureaucrats and the citizenry.


Hume bequeathed to rational intuitionists a problem concerning moral judgment and the will – a problem of sufficient severity that it is still cited as one of the major reasons why intuitionism is untenable.1 Stated in general terms, the problem concerns how an intuitionist moral theory can account for the intimate connection between moral judgment and moral motivation. One reason that this is still considered to be a problem for intuitionists is that it is widely assumed that the early intuitionists made little progress towards solving it. In this essay, I wish to challenge this assumption by examining one of the more subtle intuitionist responses to Hume, viz., that offered by Thomas Reid. For reasons that remain unclear to me, Reid's response to Hume on this issue has been almost entirely neglected. I shall argue that it is nonetheless one that merits our attention, for at least two reasons. In the first place, Reid's response to Hume's challenge to rational intuitionism bears a close affinity to the t...


Kinetic measurements were made of the blockade by tetrodotoxin (TTX) of sodium channels in the nonmyelinated fibers of the desheathed rabbit vagus nerve. The onset rate was found to increase with TTX concentration, whereas the offset rate after removal of TTX was found to be relatively independent of the TTX concentration to which the preparation had been exposed. It has been shown that the rate of action of tetrodotoxin may well be controlled by diffusion (slowed by simultaneous adsorption) rather than by the rate of the drug-receptor interaction. Nevertheless, the equilibrium constant calculated independently from kinetic measurements, on the wrong assumption that the rates are controlled by the drug-receptor interaction, should be roughly correct. The equilibrium constant so calculated was 3.18 nM, confirming the previous independent estimate made from equilibrium measurements of TTX blockade.


This article discusses why pottery production in Norway ceases at the transition to the Late Iron Age in Norway. The use of pottery undergoes a range of changes throughout the Iron Age, from simple storage vessels, via various forms of decorated tableware which are a part of a sophisticated table service placed in graves, to simpler forms of storage vessels with stamped decoration, before disappearing altogether. The decline of pottery production coincides with a number of larger societal changes, involving the abandonment of farms, a change in inheritance regulations, and trade contacts with Europe. There is a decrease in the number of grave finds at the same time as there are changes in clothing styles and weapons use. In addition, the use of hillforts intensifies, as does the hoarding of precious metals, and these changes together provide the basis for the theories of societal restructuring due to crisis and rivalry. Hypotheses about the decline in pottery production are discussed in the context of Ian Hodder's theories about the process of change. I discuss whether the changes have socio-cultural reasons and/or can be explained as the outcome of crises such as climate deterioration, failing crops/loss of resource base, disease or war. Another factor is whether the changes can be associated with political instability and, as a final point whether the break in continuity occurs quickly or comes as the result of long-term processes. Overall, it appears that several factors are involved, but that the basis for the large consumption of ceramics falls apart when the old warrior aristocracy is no longer able to maintain their own power base.


The Hopkinson bar correcting system corrects acceleration transducer to get some frequency responses,which could be used to build system mathematical model with the input-output data and the model is accurate and applicable.The NARX neural network was presented to identify the system with the improved LM algorithm to train the network,and the essential elements were discussed for choosing the network architecture in high pressure responses.Simulative experiments on model output and practical output were conducted and the result shows the both two fit perfectly.


A survey was conducted to investigate the medication taken by asthmatics presenting to a casualty department, particularly with reference to theophylline. Serum levels of theophylline were measured to give an indication of the effectiveness of the therapy. Most patients were found to be taking some form of theophylline regularly, and serum levels measured were in the therapeutic range. Under-dosing with theophylline does not appear to be a factor in the failure to prevent asthmatic attacks in these patients.


A series of La2-x1Srx1CuO4+δ/ La2-x2Srx2CuO4+δ multilayers were epitaxially grown on (001) LaSrAlO4 and (001) SrTiO3 substrates by laser ablation, where x1 = 0.0, 0.08 (underdoped) and x2 = 0.24, 0.32, 0.45 (over-doped). Before the depositions of each multilayer, all of the single layers were deposited and characterized, and then the multilayers were deposited by using the same deposition condition except shifting targets for laser ablation. These multilayers are highly c-axis oriented. Several modulation wavelengths of the sublayers were selected for preparing the multilayers. The resistance measurements of these single layered films of La2-x1Srx1CuO4+δ, La2-x2 Srx2CuO4+δ, and multilayers of La2-x1Srx1CuO4+δ/La2-x2 Srx2CuO4+δ were performed and compared. The transport measurements suggest that the charge redistribution may be a dominant factor for the superconducting transition temperature in low temperatures.


Britian seized Hong Kong Island in 1841 to punish China for confiscating large amounts of opium that Britain was importing into China and forced on China the 1842 Treaty of Nanking. In 1860 China ceded the Kowloon peninsula to the British in the Treaty of Tianjin. In the 1842 and 1860 treaties, China ceded the territory in perpetuity. In 1898 Britain forced China to sign a 99-year lease on the much larger "New Territories" (now 92% of the total territory) in order to balance concessions China had made to France. The Chinese attitude toward all three treaties is roughly what the U.S. attitude would be to a treaty that ceded Russia sovereignty over New York as punishment for U.S. laws banning importation of massive amounts of heroin. At the same time, Hong Kong has played a useful economic role in China. For the Qing dynasty, the early Republican government, the warlords, the Kuomintang, and the Communists alike, Hong Kong has been a crucial source of foreign exchange and a place where one could do needed business with the foreign devil capitalists while isolating most of China from dangerous contact with Western society. The economic importance of Hong Kong is greater for the Communists than for their predecessors because the Communists have a great need for Western currency and technology and an even greater need to isolate most of the Chinese population from contacts with Westerners. The policy of the People's Republic of China (PRC) has been to protect Hong Kong as a necessary economic and financial gateway. China's government has repeatedly stated that the "unequal treaties" ceding Hong Kong had no validity and that therefore the ending of the


Objective: In this study, we investigated the validity of the contents of evaluation sheets used for obtaining precise medical information based on an appropriate communication of orthoptic students at medical interview station in an OSCE at Kawasaki University of Medical Welfare. Material and methods: Two types of evaluation sheets were used, one of which was for teacher (T-sheet) and the other one was for standardized patients (SP-sheet). The sheets were used for 60 students at medical interview station of the OSCE during 2009 and 2010. These evaluations sheets were originally made by the first author. Ten evaluation items were included in the T-sheet as follows, methods of history taking, take the patient's chief complain, hearing the patient's interpretation for the disease, summing-up and clarifying the patient's talking, appropriate eye-contact, etc. The results were scored as excellent (2 points), good (1 point) and bad (0 point). Eight evaluation items were set in SP-sheet to express how the SP felt the attitude of orthoptic students during a medical interview, empathetic attitudes, and the ability to understand talking, the ability to produce a relaxed atmosphere, good appearance, etc. The rating scores were similar to that of T-sheet. Factor analysis and Cronbach's α coefficient were used to validate the evaluation items in T-sheet. The item characteristic curves were used for SP-sheet. Results: Conclusion: The above results demonstrate the validity of the contents included in T-sheet. of SP-sheets


This series of working papers is published by the European Policy Institutes Network (EPIN). Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed are attributable only to the authors in a personal capacity and not to any institution with which they are associated. Nevertheless, they wish to thank the members of the EPIN network, listed in Annex 1, who provided the information for the various member states.


was a month of marked variability in weather across the United States, as manifested partly by weekly alternations of above and below normal tern-peratures and of record maximum and minimum temperatures (for the date) at some stations in the East (table 1). This month was feat,ured by the highest daily sea level pressures (up to 1053 mb.) on record at some stations in the upper Mississippi Valley at, the beginning of the month. It was also highlighted by a disastrous storm on the 9th and 10t,h, accompanied by tornadoes, one of which took the lives of 21 persons in St. Louis, &Io., early on the morning of the loth, with hundreds injured and millions of dollars in property damage. I n addition to tornadoes, this storm included a wide variety of severe weather, such as blowing dust, glaze, high winds, floods, snow, and thunderstorms. It brought a repeat, of flood conditions requiring evacuation to sections of Indiana and Ohio, where only 20 days before similar disaster struck on January 21 [ 11. had its lightest snowfall in 40 years. This was the coldest February in over 20 years in many parts of the northern border States from Montana to Michigan (and the coldest winter season as well). It was a very cloudy and rainy month in the Gulf States with Browns-ville, Tex., reporting rain on 22 days and Lake Chilrles, La., reporting only one clear day during the month.


We have compared methods for obtaining spectra of solids without any sample preparation, using a variety of commercial polymers in different physical forms. Raman spectra free of fluorescence were generated by using NIR excitation. IR spectra were obtained by measuring external reflection and with photoacoustic detection.


Objective: To validate a statistical model of multimodal evoked potentials (mmEP) and their change over time as a biomarker for prognosis and disease course. Background: A small study in 22 patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (ppMS; EDSS: 4.0[2.5–6.5]; median[range]) has shown high predicitve power of mmEP (Schlaeger et al. Mult Scler 2014;20:51–6 [1]). Design/Methods: Ten patients (EDSS: 3.5[2.5–6.0]) with ppMS were recruited from 5 centers participating in the phase III study on ocrelizumab ("ORATORIO"; Roche, Switzerland) and examined at our center. The small number of patients was due to administrative reasons. Assessments comprised visual, sensory and motor EP at baseline, nine patients had follow-up assessments at weeks 48 and 120. Latencies were summarized into a single value, the quantitative EP-score [1]. Change in EP-score and prediction of EDSS at 120 weeks were compared between cohorts; the prediction model was derived from [1] and is based on baseline EDSS and EP-scores. Results: The current cohort had shorter disease duration (1.7 vs. 7.3 years; p Conclusions: The results are compatible with but do not prove the prediction model derived from our previous ppMS study. To improve generalizability of the model, additional studies of mmEP as a quantitated biomarker for prognosis and course of ppMS are warranted. Due to the small number of patients, no inference on a therapeutic effect can be made. Study Supported by: The study was financially supported by Roche, Switzerland, which had no role in the statistical analysis and interpretation of results. Disclosure: Dr. Hardmeier has nothing to disclose. Dr. Schlaeger has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hatz has nothing to disclose. Dr. Grize has nothing to disclose. Dr. Schindler has nothing to disclose. Dr. Leppert has received personal compensation for activities with Novartis Pharma AG, Switzerland as an employee. Dr. Leppert holds stock and/or stock options in Novartis Pharma AG, Switzerland, which sponsored research in wich Dr. Leppert was involved as an investigator. Dr. Kappos has reveived personal compensation for activities with University Hospital Basel as an advisory board member. Dr. Kappos has received research support from Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Society, Swiss National Research Foundation, European Union, Gianni Rubatto Foundation, Novartis Research Foundation, and Roche Research Foundation. Dr. Fuhr has received personal compensation for activities with Parkinson Schweiz, Jacques and Gloria Gossweiler Foundation, Freiwillige Akademische Gesellschaft Basel, Gottfried und Julia Bangerter-Rhyner Foundation, the Swiss National Science Foundation, and the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Society.


Surface seawater and lower atmosphere gas samples were collected simultaneously between 18°N and 40°S in the open Pacific Ocean in 2006–2007. Samples were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) to assess their distribution patterns, the role of ocean in the long-range transport (LRT), and the air-water exchange directions in the open Pacific Ocean. Such open ocean studies can yield useful information such as establishing temporal and spatial trends and assessing primary vs secondary emissions of legacy OCPs. Target compounds included hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and its derivatives, and chlordane compounds. Concentrations for α -HCH, γ -HCH, trans-chlordane (TC), and cis-chlordane (CC) were higher in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) than the Southern Hemisphere (SH) in both gaseous and dissolved phases, while the distribution patterns of DDTs and heptachlor exo-epoxide (HEPX) showed a reversed pattern. In the N Pacific, concentrations of α -HCH and γ -HCH in the present work were lower by 63 and 16 times than those observed in 1989–1990. The distribution patterns of DDT suggested there was usage in the SH around 2006. Calculated fugacity ratios suggested that γ -HCH was volatilizing from surface water to the atmosphere, and the air-water exchange fluxes were 0.3–11.1 ng m−2 day−1. This is the first field study that reported the open Pacific Ocean has become the secondary source for γ -HCH and implied that ocean could affect LRT of OCPs by supplying these compounds via air-sea exchange. Follow this and additional works at: Abstract 10 Surface seawater and lower atmosphere gas samples were collected simultaneously between 18°N and 40°S 11 in the open Pacific Ocean in 2006-2007. Samples were analyzed for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) to 12 assess their distribution patterns, the role of ocean in the long-range transport (LRT), and the air-water 13 exchange directions in the open Pacific Ocean. Such open ocean studies can yield useful information such 14 as establishing temporal and spatial trends and assessing primary vs secondary emissions of legacy OCPs. 15 Target compounds included hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) 16 and its derivatives, and chlordane compounds. Concentrations for α-HCH, γ-HCH, trans-chlordane (TC), 17 and cis-chlordane (CC) were higher in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) than the Southern Hemisphere (SH) 18 in both gaseous and dissolved phases, while the distribution patterns of DDTs and heptachlor exo -epoxide 19 (HEPX) showed a reversed pattern. In the N Pacific, concentrations of α-HCH and γ-HCH in the present 20 work were lower by 63 and 16 times than those observed in 1989-1990. The distribution patterns of DDT 21 suggested there was usage in the SH around 2006. Calculated fugacity ratios suggested that γ-HCH was 22 volatilizing from surface water to the atmosphere, and the air-water exchange fluxes were 0.3 to 11.1 ng m - 23 2 day -1 . This is the first field study that reported the open Pacific Ocean has become the secondary source 24 for γ-HCH and implied that ocean could affect LRT of OCPs by supplying these compounds via air-sea 25 exchange.


In order to track material flow in job shops more accurately and effectively, this paper presents an 'event-triggering time-state' graphical schema-based operation model for describing and formalizing material flow. At the same time, the operation model is associated with valid radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. Then judgement rules are proposed for identifying and picking out valid ones from all found RFID tags. In this way, material flow can be tracked effectively and in real time through use of the multi-view technique. Finally, a case is studied for demonstrating the feasibility and availability of the proposed model and method.


Device suitable for molecular epitaxial formation of semiconductor components. Improved electrostatic lens system uses cylindrical mirror as central element between two tubular lenses. Abberations introduced by mirror tend to cancel those introduced by tubular lenses. Result is order-of-magnitude improvement in chromatic or spherical compensation.


Even through laser power is under the safety protection standards the laser beams which are refracted,and reflected and through optical devices may make eyes hurt in different degree if it are observed in the beams.In this paper,according to safety protection standard the functional relations between the maximum power of laser and distance between eyes and refractors and reflectors are given,and also the dangerous region and safety region under the safety protection standards are found.


Photoluminescence(PL) of the porous silicon(PS) has been treated by cathode reduction process and stability observe.Experimental results indicate that the process of cathode reduction can obviously improve luminous stability of PS and photoluminescence intensity,so as to obtain more stable exterior structure.Meanwhile,we used Atomic Force Microscopy(AFM) to compare the microstructure and appearance of PS that have been treated by cathode reduction in different time.We drew the conclusion that the surface roughness and PL spectrum of PS would both increase along with the treatment time increase in a certain range.


In this paper we examine different applications of metamaterials in industrial environments. We provide overview of activities in laser filtering and photovoltaics. We also stress the importance of manufacturing metamaterials and metasurfaces in high volume and affordably. Specifically, we focus on the technique of rolling lithography, which can produce nanopatterned surfaces over meter-long lengths.


The treatment of recent dislocations of the elbow is simple, and the results are satisfactory, if the principles which have been enumerated are strictly followed. The most important complication arising from a dislocation of the elbow is the formation of new bone (myositis ossificans), which can be prevented. When a dislocation remains unreduced, or when the elbow is fixed, due to the formation of new bone, excision of the elbow by the method described has given satisfactory results.


In the last thirty years, rainfall in southern Madagascar has an upward trend. We have used different methods to address the rainfall series. Rainfall data were used in this study to clarify the degree of severity of drought. The results show the existence of homogeneity breaks around the year 1996. It is noted that the period before that date qualified dry, the following is surplus period.


DESCRIBED antibody molecules humanised (HAMS) having a specificity to the fat globules of human milk AND HAVING A PLACE OF LINK antigen WHERE AT LEAST ONE OF THE determining regions (CDRs) of the variable domains IS DERIVED mOUSE MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY DERIVATIVES CTMO1 AND REMAINING PARTS OF THE HAM immunoglobulin are derived from a human immunoglobulin. THE HAMS CAN BE Humanized Antibodies Chimeric or humanized antibodies with a graft CDR and produced preferably by recombinant DNA techniques. THE HAMS can be conjugated to an effector or REPORTER MOLECULE, INCLUDING AGENTS OF METILTRITIO antitumor, and are useful for diagnosis and THERAPY IN VIVO.


Medical diagnosis is a critical skill that is usually developed with experience in interacting with, diagnosing, and managing patients. Computerdelivered, case-based learning environments can be developed to provide students with valuable diagnostic experiences prior to dealing with real patients. Diagnostic skill requires physicians to understand and use causal reasoning in order to make predictions. That causal reasoning may be scaffolded in the design of those environments. This paper describes the scaffolding of causal reasoning in making initial diagnoses, determining etiology, and making differential diagnoses in plateletrelated problems.


This paper deals with the experimental validation of linear controllers for a fixed-wing Miniature Air Vehicle (MAV). We are interested to realize a comparative analysis of two linear controllers, Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) and Proportional Derivative (PD), in order to know what controller has a better performance when they are used on an autonomous flight (altitude, yaw and roll). Experimental results are obtained in order to analyze the controllers and validate the performance of the fixed-wing MAV in presence of perturbations like wind gusts.


While today's global war on terrorism is focused on Islamist organizations, in coming decades we should expect the vast proliferation of terrorist groups with an enormous variety of ideologies and goals. The pressures created by rapid technological, social, and other change will create fertile conditions for the growth of new radical movements. Whether (and, if so, how) the great powers choose to use terrorists against each other will be one of the major factors shaping the international security environment in this century. If even one of the great powers chooses to be reckless in its use of terrorist proxies against its peers, this could lead to catastrophic terrorist attacks and significantly increased prospects for great power war.


PURPOSE: To obtain a formulation useful for treating tumors involved in viral infection or virus, comprising AZT or ribavirin and dideoxycarbocyclic nucleoside. CONSTITUTION: This formulation is a combination of (A) a 1st antiviral compound of the formula (X is H, NRR 1 , SR, OR or a halogen; Z is H, OR 2 or NRR 1 ; R, R 1 and R 2 are each H, a 1-4C alkyl or aryl) or pharmaceutically permissible derivative therefrom, e.g. (1α,4α)-4-(2-amino-6-hydroxy-9H-purin-9-yl)-2- cyclopentenyl carbinol with (B) a 2nd antiviral compound selected from the group consisting of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine, ribavirin, 3'-azido-2',3'- dideoxyuridine and 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine in the weight ratio of (20:1) to (1:20), esp. (3:1) to (1:3). Preferably the dose of this formulation is such one as to be 1-75 (esp. 3-30)μM in each plasma level for the ingredients A and B. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


X-ray transients are a class of X-ray binaries with a white dwarf, neutron star (NS) or a black hole (BH) as the primary. These systems have been primarily discovered when they entered outbursts characterised by an episode of high accretion rates and abrupt increases of X-ray luminosity by several orders of magnitude. Accretion instabilities in the disk may increase the mass transfer rate suddenly which resulted in outbursts. Several NS and BH systems exhibited the Fast Rice Exponential Decay (FRED) light curves [1] during the outburst, where the source reach peak intensity in < 5 days and followed by exponential decay in few hundred days (See Figure 1).


The central overlap phase of cosmological hydrogen reionization is fundamentally a change in the topology of ionized regions. Before overlap, ionized bubbles grew in isolation. During overlap, they merge into a percolating ionized medium, which fills an ever-increasing volume and eventually replaces neutral gas throughout the intergalactic medium. Overlap can therefore be well studied using topological statistics, and in particular the genus number of the neutral-ionized interface. The most promising observational tools for applying such tests are (a) Lyman alpha galaxies, and (b) 21 cm tomography. Lyman alpha galaxies will be detected whenever they inhabit bubbles larger than 1 physical Mpc, and their presence can therefore be used to map such bubbles. Such large bubbles are expected during the overlap phase, and moreover, each one should contain a few detectably bright Lyman alpha galaxies. The 21cm line in principle affords better spatial resolution, but the required sensitivity and foreground subtraction may be an issue. Upcoming Lyman alpha surveys in the near-infrared could thus provide our first look at the topology of reionization.


This paper addresses the problem of controlling a system composed of a unmanned aerial vehicle and a payload attached to it via a cable, while compensating for the payload effects on the drone. This work considers that many off-the-shelf UAVs have their own low-level controller which the user cannot access, and attempts to merge the classical approach of modeling a drone-mass system with controllers previously developed for use with drones equipped with low-level controllers. In order to test such an approach the robot Anafi, from Parrot Drones SAS, was used with a mass attached to it. The experiments show a consistent reduction on navigation errors, which helps validate the proposed method.


(ISTC/BES/TVR/148) for financial assistance to carry out field investigations, National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA), Hyderabad and Global Land Cover Facility of the NASA and University of Maryland, USA, for providing the requisite satellite data for the study. III Abstract Simulations using the CA technique in geo-spatial modelling have been attempted in the recent times. However it is seen that CA models do not address the external driving factors that are also responsible for the dynamics involved directly. In order to confront the limitation of the CA models not interacting with the externalities driving the process, the integration of agent-based models over a CA model is more appropriate. Hence, the current research is aimed at the development of framework for integration of CA and agent-based models for simulations. For enabling the efficient integration of the CA models and agent-based models at appropriate scales in space and time, the research outlines the framework for undertaking such simulations. This is suggested using the proposed Geo-Spatial Ana-lyser for space variant simulations and incorporating the HLA framework for time variant simulations. The urban sprawl dynamics is considered for demonstrating the prototype of an agent-based model exhibiting radial urban sprawl. This reveals the pattern of growth that takes place under different scenarios. For the application of agent-based and cellular automata models for a real situation, the case of Mangalore city, Karnataka, India is considered and applied. The Mangalore city is currently experiencing high rates of urbanisation as evinced from the study. For a scenario of an infrastructure initiative like the creation of a ring road, the implications of this are depicted using the combination of agent-based and CA models. The simulations reveal the nature of likely growth in the region due to infrastructure initiative. This work has contributed in the development of the framework for integration of agent-based models and the CA models for undertaking geo-spatial simulations. The case of urban sprawl dynamics was considered and demonstrated using the combination of agents-based models with the CA model for visualising the patterns of growth in conjunction with the drivers of sprawl.


Cognitive Disability Aesthetics is a critique of the recurrent erroneous and inadequate representations of cognitive disability in literary and visual art. Disability has, as the author describes, ...


Summary Introduction: The military police are a population exposed to noise impact due to training with firearms. Objective: To investigate the audiological profile of the military police in São Paulo state, and to correlate the age and duration of exposure and audiological findings. Method: In this study of case series, cross-sectional audiological evaluation was performed in 200 police officers being 169 (84.5%) were male and 31 (15.5%) females, aged between 25 and 45 years (mean 38.83 ± 5.05), average service time of 16.80 ± 6.27 years. Results: The main complains were: tinnitus (n = 52/26%), hearing loss (n = 36/18%), ear fullness (n = 24/12%) and autophonia (n = 24/12%). Impedance were found in 100% of type A curves (Jerger, 1970), and recruitment was present in 20 (10%) cases. According to the results of audiometry, the data showed that 54 (27%) right ears and 56 (28%) left ears had hearing loss. The degree of loss with higher prevalence was 1 and 2 (Merluzzi et al., 1979), 85 (42.5%) cases. There was significant correlation between age and exposure time with the worsening of audiometric thresholds in both ears. Conclusion: From the audiological data analysis was possible that the military police are a population that presents a risk to develop hearing loss. Thus, we see the need for implementation of hearing conservation program for the military police.


Various observational properties of Ap/Bp stars have been well-established such as the often-cited 10% incidence rate of strong, organized magnetic fields amongst all A- and B-type stars. However, these inferences have generally been drawn fromsurveys biased towards the strongest most easily detectable fields. A volume-limited spectropolarimetric survey of all intermediate-mass stars within 100 pc was initiated in 2007 in order to avoid the biases inherent in previous studies. This workyielded the magnetic properties of a large number of Ap/Bp stars in the sample; however, nearly half of the sample remained either unobserved or had relatively poor constraints on their field strengths and geometries. We have recently completed thissurvey using measurements obtained by ESPaDOnS and NARVAL. We discuss here some of the recent findings of this survey.


The authors investigate the empirical link between prevailing levels of crime and the viability of small businesses. Using confidential microdata from the U.S. Census Bureau's Characteristics of Business Owners Survey, they find, on balance, that young firms operating in high-crime niches in urban America appear not to be disadvantaged by crime. Crime's impact may certainly be harmful, with other factors being constant, but the crux of the findings is that other factors are not constant. Firms most negatively affected by crime do not appear to be less viable than otherwise identical firms reporting that crime has no effect on their businesses. High-crime niches may in fact be rational choices for some business owners, present and potential.


For successful embryo implantation, the communication of the maternal endometrium with the conceptus trophec-toderm is required essentially. In pigs, conceptuses undergo morphological change in length to enlarge the physical contact area with the maternal endometrium and secrete estrogen to induce the maternal recognition of pregnancy during the peri-implantation period. Conceptus-derived estrogen prevents luteolysis by conversion in direction of PGF2α secretion from the uterine vasculature to the uterine lumen as well as it affects on expression of the uterine endo-metrial genes. In addition to estrogen, conceptuses release various signaling molecules, including cytokines, growth factors, and proteases, and, in response to these signaling molecules, the maternal uterine endometrium also syn-thesizes many signaling molecules, including hormones, cytokines, growth factors, lipid molecules, and utilizes ions such as calcium ion by calcium regulatory molecules. These reciprocal interactions of the conceptus trophectoderm with the maternal uterine endometrium make development and successful implantation of embryos possible. Thus, signaling molecules at the maternal-conceptus interface may play an important role in the implantation process. This review summarized syntheses and functions of signaling molecules at the maternal-conceptus interface to further understand mechanisms of the embryo implantation process in pigs.


Due to the difficulty of determining the reasonable gunpowder range in high-energy gas fracturing(HEGF),a pressure limit calculation model was developed through the rock damage simulation test at different loading conditions and the fundermental study for perforated casing radial displacement and circumferential stress at forceful internal pressure.With the model,the reservoir rock can be fractured and the casing will not be damaged.Combined with the deflagration load model and the kinematics piezoresistive liquid column model,the coupling dynamics model was used to calculate the gunpowder limit and the numerical solution was developed.Based on these,the load constitution of the powder bomb and the influencing rule of piezoresistive liquid column for powder quality limit were studied.The results from 11 HEGF on-site operations show that no casing is destroyed and eight operations are effective,which reaches the expectation.


Continuously tunable coherent radiation in the 2460- 2650-A spectral range has been achieved by second harmonic generation (SHG) of a dye laser in a 90° phase-matched ADP crystal, temperature tuned between-116°C and 52°C. The 8.4-percent conversion efficiency obtained at a fundamental power of 9.6 kW is approximately 5 times larger than that reported earlier for SHG at these wavelengths.


This article shows the discussion and results of a research on the question about the violence against women, its subjective effects, but especially we seek to investigate the reasons why some women remain in marital relationships in which they experience psychological violence. The research was executed in the Domestic and Family Violence Court of Fortaleza/CE, where we were able to develop case studies, which allowed us to discuss how great this behavior of violence is and its consequences. In this study, we present one of these case studies, named "Ana", from which we develop our propositions. We use the contributions of Freud and Lacan regarding female sexuality, femininity and the choice of the loving object in women. The strangeness that motivates us to this research work is the confirmation that some women still remain in these relationships, where they experience violence on the part of the partner, even though they may have access to the use of legal and assistance mechanisms that provide legal and psychological support to these women.


Still, maize and wheat and their related products come in at a close second and third respectively in national food consumption. According to the status of traditional vegetable report, 200 species growing naturally in Kenya are used as leafy vegetables. About 10 more exotic species introduced during the pre-colonial period have been integrated into the traditions of various communities and can therefore be regarded as traditional vegetables.


Novel temporary bonding/debonding system including high heat resistant temporary bonding adhesive and debonding methods with newly developed photonic release by Xe flash light irradiation will be introduced. New temporary bonding adhesive is endurable up to 300 °C and can be easily removed by peeling off after debonding from the support carrier. By adopting the dual layer structure with adhesive layer and metal layer on glass carrier, one-shot Xe flash light irradiation within 5 ms enables debonding cleanly, indicating the increased throughput at debonding step. Process demonstration results of wafer thinning down to 50 μm, fan-out wafer level packaging (FOWLP) will also be shown.


Based on computational fluid dynamics(CFD) technology, laser Doppler velocimetry and high speed CCD flow field measuring methods, the flow fields of a micro axis flow blood pump under several typical working conditions were studied. The details of the flow fields such as the backflow, vortex and secondary flow were revealed. After comparing the flow fields between diffuser A and B in the experiment, the flow field of diffuser A was found to be planar in evidence, which met the blood pump flow field's need better than that of diffuser B. This work is valuable to optimize a blood pump diffuser.


Introduction: The condition of decreased muscle mass and function in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) will lead to a significant effect on the decline in quality of life. A commonly found manifestation of sarcopenia is the presence of a decrease in the strength of the hand grip. Other research showed a significant inverse relationship between the strength of the hand grip and DMT2. But to date, there are still few studies that assess the factors that cause a decrease in the strength of the hand grip in DMT2 patients. This study aims to evaluate risk factors that are related to the strength of the decrease in the strength of the hand grip in patients with DMT2.
Methods: Cross-sectional analytical research. The data was taken through interviews, physical examinations and data collection of laboratory examination results at the general polyclinic of the Tabanan Public Health Center II. The bivariate test used chi-square and the multivariate analysis with logistic regression was used in assessing the magnitude of influence between variables that have a meaningful relationship with HGS and looking for the magnitude of the adjusted odd ratio (AOR) value.
Results: The study discovered a strong correlation between age (p=0.002), body mass index (p=0.002), and fasting blood sugar levels (p=0.001) and hand grip strength. In the multivariate analysis, it was found that the relationship of age more than 50 years to the decrease in hand grip strength was greater than high fasting blood sugar levels, while no significant relationship was found on excess nutritional status in this multivariate analysis (p=0.44).
Conclusion: Age, body mass index, and fasting blood sugar levels are the risk factors for decreased hand grip strength in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.


The author expounds mainly the scope of application of punitive compensation system in the area of right invasion and contract. The author considers that in the area of right invasion, in general, the system is applied to the direct and deliberate right invasion. However, the people who have special obligation can't exclude in the system of punitive compensation by making indirect, deliberate and big mistakes. In the area of contract, the punitive compensation system isn't applied to common break of contract. Yet, the following situation such as asset transference, capital draw to escape debt, apparent and unreasonable low price by debtor to escape debt, the contract revoked by law and proved to be invalid for the mistakes of deceiving and pouncing anyone in trouble behaved by any of clients are still in the application scope of the punitive compensation system. In the meanwhile, the author puts forward the limit of punitive compensation.


Aspect-Oriented Programming(AOP) is an innovative software design method based on OOP,through introducing the aspect concept,it separates the core business logic and its universal service support from applications to decrease code coupling degree and increase the flexibility and reusability of procedures.Starting with the concept of AOP,we expound its excellence and function,explain java reflection and dynamic proxy mechanisms of implementing it,write example code and demonstrate the basic method of realizing it.


Theoretical investigations of non-linear convective motions quite often assume that either the Boussinesq or the anelastic approximations can be used.


As one of the important characteristics of market economy, risk is becoming more and more common in many economy fields, so the CPA auditing could not avoid it. Being faced with the escalating'accusation explosion', it's not unrealizable for auditing workers to have the feeling of 'survival crisis', The only choic for nongovermental to survive and develop is to study the cause of the risks, make the plan to prevent risks, and welcome the challege actively and effectively. Among all of the preventing measures, one of the best measures is to advocate professional prudence on audit. This paper plans to offer some opinions on auditing professional prudence's connotation, characteristics, assumption, function and manifestation.


Abstract Thirty patients with advanced refractory metastatic thyroid carcinoma received chemotherapy with adriamycin at a starting dose of 45 to 75 mg per square meter intravenously every three weeks. Eleven patients demonstrated a greater than 50 per cent decrease in the size of their metastases. Subjective improvement, particularly relief of pain from bony metastases, was also observed. Histologic cell types responding included medullary (solid) (three of five), papillary-follicular (three of 10), Hurthle cell (two of five), spindle and giant cell (two of nine) and unclassified thyroid carcinoma (one of one). Although the rate of disease progression in the responding and nonresponding patients was similar before the start of adriamycin, the median survival from this point on was significantly superior (p<0.005) in the responders (median 11 + and range of over five to 40 + months, six of 11 living) to that of the nonresponders (median four and range of 0.1 to 23 + months, five of 19 living). Before the n...


AbstractA novel deck system is developed as an ultralightweight low profile waffle slab of ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) reinforced with carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars. The proposed system lends itself to accelerated bridge construction, and has great potential for deck replacement in bridges with load restrictions, and as well for bridge widening. A total of seven specimens at two different overall depths, with single or multiple ribs and in simple or two-span configuration, were tested in two consecutive phases in this study. The results were compared to similar deck panels with high-strength steel (HSS) reinforcement from previous studies. The study confirmed that the proposed deck panel with only 102 mm overall depth and a self-weight of 0.9  kN/m2 meets the demand for a 1,219-mm stringer spacing. The flexural behavior and failure modes of the deck are in general similar to the UHPC-HSS deck. The deck is not susceptible to punching shear of its thin slab and fails in a ductile man...


The author seeks to explain the paradox that, despite the multiplicity of theories about the State in black Africa, empirical studies devoted to the public service, to the administration and to civil servants, have provided only meagre results, regardless which social science discipline or which country is involved. As the State becomes a purely political entity, especially during periods of adjustment, crisis or democratisation, it seems to have lost its status as a social group of bureaucrats. After a brief examination of available data on the sociology of civil servants (at global, regional and sectoral levels), we examine the possible causes for this lack of interest, such as the dynamics of the "grass-roots politics" approach during the 1980s and 90s, the fact that sociology of organisation has not been applied or extrapolated for African states, and the resulting thematic disengagement The most recent studies on corruption (notably in the area of development) or on the privatisation of administrative functions do not provide solutions for these problems. Yet the sociological existence of State organs calls for an empirical approach which takes into account both the historical and the comparative perspective.


We present a study on the magnetic and electronic properties of Bi0.75Ca0.25MnO3, investigated by means of magnetometry, diffraction, and muon spin relaxation techniques. The anisotropic changes of cell parameters across the structural transition in Bi0.75Ca0.25MnO3 (275K) differ markedly from the lattice anomalies not only in Bi0.75Sr0.25MnO3 (600K) but also in Bi0.50Ca0.50MnO3 (325K). We have confirmed the absence of a ferromagnetic component under zero field in Bi0.75Ca0.25MnO3. The application of magnetic fields produces a continuous progressive polarization of Mn moments. The ground state of Bi0.75Ca0.25MnO3 is characterized by a high degree of spin disorder and frustrated interactions. A well-developed long-range magnetic order is not observed. Our results indicate a ground state in Bi0.75Ca0.25MnO3 distinct to Bi0.75Sr0.25MnO3.


The period at turn of the 19th and early 20th centuries became an important stage of the process formation the image of the United States in Russian society. Sources and factors of its formation had varied. An important source of the American image in Russia was the German scientific publications about the United States. Russian authors were inspired by German assessments of American social and political orders. The article examines how the works of such authors as W. Sombart, F. Sorge, and others have influenced the perception of the United States in Russia.


Sperm whales are known to dive to a depth of over two thousand meters and it is also known that they emit loud impulsive broadband sounds called "clicks" during their diving. But little is known about sperm whales' behavior because they dive more than one thousand meters. So authors propose to use the autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) as an observation platform of sperm whales. Our final goal is to develop and construct the system so that AUV can estimate the position of sperm whales by a passive technique listening to their clicks, and can track a specific sperm whale. The tasks of the AUV are to recognize sperm whales individually and track them in real time by listening to sperm whale's clicks with 4-hydrophone array and detecting its direction. In September 2005, we carried out an experiment to test this AUV-based observation system off Ogasawara Islands using AUV AE2000 in the depth of 1000 meters. During the experiments over eight days, we had ten dives and succeeded in recording of the click sound by both the AUV and the mother vessel. But it was difficult to calculate the direction of a whale in real-time on the AUV because the sound level of clicks was low and the sound noise generated by AUV itself was high. According to the off-line analysis, we found out that clicks can be detected by the AUV while all actuators on the AUV were stopped.


Urinarytract infection is one of the most prevalent frequently found disorders in pregnant women caused by bacteria and if it is not diagnosed then untreated UTI can causes serious maternal and fetal complications. The purpose of this work was to study the prevalence of urinary tract infection among pregnant women of Ujjain and to identify uropatogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in pregnant women of Ujjain. A total of 120 midstream urine samples of pregnant women were collected aseptically and cultured on different growth media. The isolated bacteria were identified by standard microbiological procedure and the antibiotic susceptibility pattern was recorded using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Out of 120 urine samples, 78 samples tested positive for UTI suggesting that (65%) of pregnant women suffered from UTI and most prevalent bacterial pathogen was (41.0%) followed by (23.0%), (11.5%), (14.1%) and (10.2%). Majority of the isolated uropathogens were showing high sensitivity towards Doripenem, Meropenem and Imipenem while very less sensitivity towards Ampicillin and Penicillin. The study shows high prevalence of UTI among pregnant women and occurrence of high resistance towards antibiotics. So routine screening of the pregnant women having UTI and proper selection of antibiotic for treatment is needed for reducing the risk of serious complications during pregnancy.


This study showed that phacoemulsification using an anterior chamber maintainer was associated with greater corneal endothelial cell loss compared with conventional phacoemulsification using an OVD. Purpose: To compare the effects of phacoemulsification surgery (PE) using an anterior chamber maintainer (ACM) and conventional PE using an ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD) on corneal endothelial cells. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. Design: Prospective randomized controlled trial. Methods: Eyes in the OVD group (n = 50) underwent conventional PE, whereas eyes in the ACM group (n = 50) underwent PE using an ACM. Endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation (CV), hexagonality (HEX), and noncontact central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements were performed by specular microscopy before and at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after PE. Results: This study included 100 eyes of 97 patients undergoing PE. The mean age was 64.7 ± 10.6 years in the OVD group, 64.0 ± 12.6 years in the ACM group (P > .05). The groups did not differ significantly in preoperative ECD, CV, HEX, and CCT or total PE time (P > .05 for all). ECD was significantly lower in the ACM group compared with the OVD group at postoperative 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months (P = .002, P = .002, and P = .001, respectively). Similarly, ECD loss compared with preoperative value was greater in the ACM group at all postoperative timepoints (P = .003, P = .001, and P = .001, respectively). CV increased and HEX decreased in both groups postoperatively (P > .05 for both). CCT showed a transient increase of less than 10 μm at postoperative 1 month in both groups (P = .296). Conclusions: PE with ACM was associated with greater corneal ECD loss compared with conventional PE. ACM should not be used during PE in patients with limited corneal endothelial reserve.


Few events give the opportunity to observe the full range of human behavior as wars do. In the case of civil wars in ethnically-mixed societies, the distribution of violence across various segments of the population can provide evidence on the extent and nature of discrimination. As in the case of markets, identifying discrimination in the warplace is challenging. There is uncertainty on the reconstruction of events as well as the rationale behind the violence. We use a unique data set collected by the Peruvian Truth and Reconciliation Commission on war crimes during the 1980A¢??s to show that there is evidence of taste-based discrimination by agents of the state towards ethnic minorities and women. The evidence is robust to different assumptions on the logic of repression and missing data problems.


Includes descriptive metadata provided by producer in MP3 file: "Vanderbilt Athletics Podcast - Ogilvy with 104.5 - Post-MTSU 11/24/08 - Listen to center A.J. Ogilvy talk with Tim Thompson following Vanderbilt's 65-57 win over MTSU." By CBS College Sports.


Objective:To study infection and drug resistance of Ureaplasma urealyticum(Uu) and the Mycoplasma hominis(Mh)in the female genitaltract in Area of Fuyang to guide the usage of the antibiotics.Methods:The retrospective analysis of indentification and the antimicrobial susceptibility of mycoplasma in 4097 female cervical secretions from Jan.2008 to Nov.2009 was conducted in our hospital.Results:In 4097 cases,the positive rate of mycoplasma was 63.19%.The infection only by Uu accounted for 47.59%,by Mh for 2.8%.and the mixed infection for 12.79%.The highest rate of Uu showed it was the main pathogen contributing to the Mycoplasma affection.The results of drug sensibility test showed that drug resistance of mycoplasma were diffirent among three types of mycoplasma infections.Conclusion:The infection rate of mycoplasma from female cervical secretions is higher in Area of Fuyang.It is important to culture and test the drug sensitivities of mycoplasma for choosing drugs rationally and control the resistant strains.


One of the driving forces of the ongoing nanotechnology revolution is the ever-improving ability to understand and control the properties of quantum matter down to the atomic scale. Key drivers in this revolution are quantum materials, such as the two-dimensional (2D) materials of the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) family. The realization of novel TMD-based devices relies heavily on understanding the relation between structural and electrical properties at the nanoscale. The ultimate goal is that of crafting TMD nanostructures in a way that makes possible the tailored control of their properties. In this talk, recent studies illustrating novel fabrication approaches of TMD nanostructures based on combining top-down and bottom-up methods will be presented. These allow to control the resulting geometries and material combinations, making possible the realization of novel functionalities such as metallic edge states arising in MoS2 nanowalls [1] and nanowires, enhanced nonlinear response in vertically-oriented MoS2 nanostructures [2], and surface and edge plasmons in WS2 nanoflowers [3]. I will emphasize the crucial role that cutting-edge transmission electron microscopy techniques play in these studies, together with that of machine learning techniques [4] which make possible extract a wealth of novel information which would be lost otherwise.


This paper proposes a neural network accelerator for Tiny-Yolo V2. The data format of input feature maps, output feature maps, and weight kernels are converted to uint8 through a quantization strategy to reduce the data size and make the hardware utilization more efficient. Moreover, we propose an input feature maps placement method to reduce bandwidth utilization and improve PE utilization. To verify the hardware implementation, the Xilinx ZCU102 platform is used to verify the hardware architecture. Synthesis results show that the proposed architecture implements in 90nm can achieve 14.4GOPS@100Mhz with area efficiency by 99 GOPS/M-gates.


Cloud computing paradigm is becoming more and more grown, which provides services model based on virtualization technologies. Despite outdating of legacy system, it is still used considerably after modern technology has come out, either because the organization has already invested in term of time and money in it, or because the legacy system has important data. In order to exploit the benefits of cloud computing, some of the organization wrote or rewrote software specially to run in the cloud. The numbers of companies that are expected to migrate their applications to cloud environment is increasing. Moving to the cloud is still a big challenge for many organizations. Effectively, how to draw a plan about moving a legacy style application to the cloud arise various challenges. The complexity and size of such project represent a big challenge especially for small and medium organizations to take the full advantages of cloud. As any software development project, migration projects should be planed carefully and have a good methodology to guarantee successful execution. The aim of this paper is to propose a methodology to ensure a migration process based on Architecture Driven Modernization (ADM) approach to cloud environment, this methodology focuses on understanding an on-premise application then establishing its Platform-Independent Model (PIM) to transform it into Platform Specific Model (PSM) cloud.


Objective: To evaluate the treatment outcomes in terms of 5-year disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival(OS) in nasopharyngeal cancer. Prognostic factors of treatment were also assessed. Method: This was a retrospective descriptive study in nasopharyngeal cancer patients who were treated at Radiationoncology unit, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital between January 2004 and December 2009. Medical recordsof the patients including radiation oncology records, out-patient charts and computerized database of theinstitution were reviewed. Patients' age, tumor's histologic type, tumor's stage, type of radiation therapyreceived, complications and results of treatment were recorded. Results: Mean age of the 81 patients was 45.9 ± 15.2 years. There were 54 male (66.7%) and 27 female (33.3%).The most common histopathology was non-keratinizing undifferentiated carcinoma (98.9%). Patients wereclassified as stage I in 7.4%, stage II in 28.4%, stage III in 17.3% and stage IVA-IVB in 46.9%. Almost allpatients were treated with combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy (87.7%). The median followuptime of patients was 4 years 8 months (range 1 year 11 months - 7 years 11 months). The 5-year diseasefree survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates for all patients were 57.5% and 69.4%, respectively. Thesignificant prognostic factors associated with survival from multivariable analysis were tumor stage andpretreatment Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS ECOG). Five-year DFS of patientsin early stage (stage I-II) and locally advanced stage (stage III-IVB) were 75.8% and 47.8% (p = 0.047) withthe corresponding 5-year OS of 87.4% and 59.9% (p = 0.018) respectively. Patients with PS ECOG 1 had 5-year DFS of 62.1% compared with 34.3% in patients with PS ECOG 2 (p < 0.001), and 5-year OS were 76.2%and 40.6% respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The 5-year DFS and OS rates of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer were 57.5% and 69.4% respectively.Tumor stage and pretreatment ECOG PS were the significant prognostic factors for survival.


Abstract This study examines incidents involving a tense atmosphere combined with higher risk of football fan violence. A systematic description of such critical incidents (CIs) identifying their risk factors and warning signs is yet lacking. This study looks beyond fans' violent acts per se and focuses on CIs involving ultra fans with a potentially – but not necessarily – violent outcome. A preliminary study involving a focus group was conducted followed by a main study including eight case studies. The focus group comprised five professionals working with football fans who discussed CIs' observable characteristics. Risk factors and warning signs were coded using content analysis, such as, 'arrest of a fan'. In the main study, people involved in actual CIs were interviewed to explore these phenomena in more depth. An integrated model of CIs' dynamics, risk factors and warning signs was compiled using data gathered in both studies.


This research was conducted to uncover and define disputant cognitive interpretations of conflict. In Study 1, 31 disputants and 9 mediators were asked to describe a conflict with which they were currently associated. Study 2 replicated the multidimensional scaling findings of Study 1 using a different subject population(i.e., undergraduate students)


Less-Than-Truckload (LTL) carriers generally serve geographical regions that are more localized than the inter-city routes served by truckload carriers. That localization can lead to urban freight transportation routes that overlap. If trucks are travelling with less than full loads there may exist opportunities for carriers to collaborate over such routes. That is, Carrier A will also deliver one or more shipments of Carrier B. This will improve vehicle asset utilization and reduce assetrepositioning costs, and may also lead to reduced congestion and pollution in cities. We refer to the above coordination as "collaborative routing". In our framework for collaboration, we also propose that carriers exchange goods at logistics platforms located at the entry point to a city. This is referred to as "entry-point collaboration". One difficulty in collaboration is the lack of facilities to allow transfer of goods between carriers. We highlight that the reduction in pollution and congestion under our proposed framework will give the city government an incentive to support these initiatives by providing facilities. Further, our analysis has shown that contrary to the poor benefits reported by previous work on vehicle routing with transshipment, strategic location of transshipment facilities in urban areas may solve this problem and lead to large cost savings from transfer of loads between carriers. We also present a novel integrated three-phase solution method. Our first phase uses either a modified tabu search, or a guided local search, to solve the vehicle routing problems with time windows that result from entry-point collaboration. The preceding methods use a constraint-programming engine for feasibility checks. The second phase uses a quad-tree search to locate facilities. Quad-tree search methods are popular in computer graphics, and for grid generation in fluid simulation. These methods are known to be efficient in partitioning a two-dimensional space


The recombinant antibodies RB376, RB377 and RB378 detect by ELISA a synthetic peptide from the Dictyostelium AlyA protein. HAMMEL, Philippe, LAMRABET, Otmane. RB376, RB377 and RB378 antibodies recognize a Dictyostelium AlyA peptide by ELISA. Antibody Reports, 2019, vol. 2, no. 1, p. e18 DOI : 10.24450/journals/abrep.2019.e18


Transition space is a link between one space and another space where this space has a function of adaptation to changing conditions from the previous space to the next space, this study discusses some transition space design strategies in building skyscrapers and groundscrapers by utilizing wind potential through usable design building elements. By implementing a transitional space strategy in building skyscrapers or groundscrapers where buildings can adapt energy-efficient buildings. Energy savings can be applied through available natural elements, one of which is wind potential. This research phase requires literature review and transitional space theory to translate the role of transition space in buildings to achieve energy-efficient buildings by utilizing wind. The case study will provide a direct example of the building of transitional space functions to anticipate the wind. The results of this study will provide a transitional space design strategy through architectural passive elements that respond to wind so as to provide comfort for building users using natural ventilation so that energy use is more efficient.


To the Editor.— The article entitled "The Dominance of Scientific English" by Robertson and Robertson 1 is of interest. The plea for a single scientific English may be a good one, but each "language" developed by a process more complicated than a simple "split," as is generally the case, and languages once "split" scarcely ever reunite. The one standard scientific English will never be a reality. In fact, the problem may be how long the standard American English will remain "standard." It is being observed in our American educational system that fewer and fewer people learn to read at an advanced level. Many reasons are given, but rarely or never discussed is the simple fact that people throughout history have generally had a hankering for reading their spoken language and an aversion for reading foreign languages, including dialects that are not their spoken dialect. As painful as it may be


By studying on soil respiration and its influence factors in a montane evergreen broad-leaved forest and a 30-year-old tea garden in Ailao Mountains,Yunnan,SW China.We obtained the following results as: in dry season,soil respiration was significantly greater in tea garden than that in evergreen broad-leaved forest.However,soil respiration in tea garden was slightly less than in evergreen broad-leaved forest in wet season;The total data in 2010 showed that soil respiration was slightly higher in tea garden than in evergreen broad-leaved forest during the whole year,soil temperature and soil water content of the tea garden was significantly greater than those in evergreen broad-leaved forest.the two-factor model analysis of soil temperature and soil water,showed that soil temperature and soil water were responsible for 49.6% and 70.7% of soil respiration variation in tea garden and in forest,respectively.The temperature sensitivity of soil respiration in the forest was significantly higher than that in tea garden.Soil organic carbon and nitrogen were significantly higher in forest than those in the tea garden;however,soil bulk density,pH value,phosphorus and potassium in the broad-leaved forest were less than those in the tea garden.


In view of the defects such as long time-consuming and large limitation in the detection of pesticide resistance of crop pathogens at present. A novel photoelectric detection method based on enriched microfluidic chips is proposed for the detection of pesticide resistance of crop fungal disease. First, according to the aerodynamics characteristics of microbial aerosol particles and optical detection technology, a special enrichment microfluidic chip was designed to achieve high efficiency enrichment and high precision concentration detection of fungal spores. On this basis, based on the theory of pesticide resistance sensitivity baseline, the relationship among spore germination, systematic enrichment concentration, and optical detection concentration of Botrytis cinerea in strawberry treated with Pyrimethanil was studied, and the pesticide resistance detection model of uncultured pathogens was established. The light intensity of light source was 1.1 × 103 cd, and the wavelength was 620 nm as the optimum parameters for optical detection. The correlation coefficient between the microscopic examination of spores' concentration and the results of optical detection is 0.9792. It has good linearity and reliability, which provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of portable equipment for detecting pesticide resistance of crop diseases.


BiFeO3 is one of the most promising multiferroic material exhibiting, however, drawbacks as low dielectric susceptibility, poor chemical stability and high dielectric loss. Recently, we have demonstrated that joining doping and epitaxial strain engineering a nanoscale stripe structure was induced, resulting in a significant improvement of the dielectric characteristics. By high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) we have evidenced nanostripe domains with alternating compressive and tensile strain in the Y-doped BiFeO3 epitaxial thin films. Small band gap values of bismuth ferrite (BFO) have triggered the interest due to the photovoltaic and photocatalytic potential, for pure or cation doped BFO. However, energy related properties of BiFeO3 can be improved by coupling the strong ferroelectricity of BFO with chemical stability and small band gap value of LaFeO3 within thickness graded heterostructures. Thin films of BFO on 5-20 nm thick epitaxial LFO films deposited on different strain-induced substrates, have been obtained by RHEED- assisted Pulsed Laser Deposition. Their functional dielectric, optical and photolytic behaviour has been unravelled in connexion with complex ensembles of nanoscale phase/nanodomain fluctuations within the epitaxial films.


Introduction: Viral hepatitis is recognized as a public health problem in India and globally. Various etiological agents (Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E and G virus) have been implicated that can lead to acute, chronic or acute on chronic infection. While Hepatitis A and E are often the cause of sporadic outbreaks of hepatitis, Hepatitis B and C can either clear spontaneously or can lead to chronic infection and thereafter sequel like cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aims & objectives: To determine the genotyping of HCV infections among chronic hepatitis patients attending Department of Gastroenterology, PGIMS Rohtak. Summary and conclusions Our study confirms the finding of previous studies that in India Genotype 3 is most common genotype which is difficult to treat Genotype with oral antiviral therapy. Hence as per World Health Organization target of elimination of Hepatitis C till 2030 requires continuous, persistent and determined efforts at level of Center, State and society level.


We study the independent alignment percolation model on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ introduced by Beaton, Grimmett and Holmes [arXiv:1908.07203]. It is a model for random intersecting line segments defined as follows. First the sites of $\mathbb{Z}^d$ are independently declared occupied with probability $p$ and vacant otherwise. Conditional on the configuration of occupied vertices, consider the set of all line segments that are parallel to the coordinate axis, whose extremes are occupied vertices and that do not traverse any other occupied vertex. Declare independently the segments on this set open with probability $\lambda$ and closed otherwise. All the edges that lie on open segments are also declared open giving rise to a bond percolation model in $\mathbb{Z}^d$. We show that for any $d \geq 2$ and $p \in (0,1]$ the critical value for $\lambda$ satisfies $\lambda_c(p)<1$ completing the proof that the phase transition is non-trivial over the whole interval $(0,1]$. We also show that the critical curve $p \mapsto \lambda_c(p)$ is continuous at $p=1$, answering a question posed by the authors in [arXiv:1908.07203].


HIV‐related risks may be exacerbated in humanitarian contexts. Uganda hosts 1.3 million refugees, of which 60% are aged under 18. There are knowledge gaps regarding HIV testing facilitators and barriers, including HIV and intersecting stigmas, among urban refugee youth. In response, we explored experiences and perspectives towards HIV testing strategies, including HIV self‐testing, with urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda.


Rapid exchange and hydrolysis of the tubulin-bound guanine nucleotides have been known to govern the dynamics of microtubules. However, the instability and low concentration have made it difficult for the microtubule-bound GTP to be observed directly. In this study, we circumvent these problems by lyophilization and using cross-polarization techniques. 31 P NMR signals were detected from the tubulin-bound GTP in microtubules for the first time. Analysis of the 31 P CPMAS NMR spectrum indicates that GTP hydrolysis was delayed by the presence of taxol.


As far as we know, all work on externally blown flaps has been aimed at providing a basis for studies of the flight performance and handling qualities in respect of certain aircraft projects, one of which is the Dornier STOL transport aircraft. Theoretical work so far has only been possible in as much as the jet flap theory was extended to include any possible momentum distribution and finite jet thickness at the flap trailing edge. We know virtually nothing about the phenomenon of the jet flow spreading between the engine nozzle and the flap trailing edge. This question was studied on a simple wind tunnel model of an externally blown flap.


Based on the examination of the quality of supervision services,the paper points out some details that are easily neglected in supervision of water conservancy engineering projects,and puts forward some solutions,which are meaningful for further improving the quality of supervision services.


China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP) has been developing terahertz vacuum-electronic FWG-TWT amplifier for several years, and much progress has been achieved at 0.14THz, 0.22THz and 0.345THz. This paper presents 0.345THz FWG-TWT's theoretical analysis and 3-D PIC simulation results about electron gun with high area-compression ratio (≥ 25), high-field Periodic Permanent Magnet(≥ 0.45T), high gain slow wave structure(~30dB).


Contemporary development economics have provided much empirical evidence to suggest that democracy and other institutions that promote equity are good for growth and development. Why should this be the case? In this paper it is argued that Evolutionary Psychology (EP) can greatly enrich development economics, specifically in adding to our understanding of the micro-foundations of the family unit and the explanations of long-run economic growth and development. In this paper, emphasis was placed on the evolutionary foundations of the family unit, on the understanding of human co-operation, and how these result in institutions, such as monogamous family units with positive male parental investment, where a switch from preference for quantity of children towards the quality of children leads to improved technology and learning. Given that monogamy is more prevalent in a more egalitarian society, institutions such as democracy and an equality sensitive state may have biological roots. Human mate choices influence co-operation, conflict and competition, and the existence and nature of the family unit depend on such biologically determined choices. In particular, the argument is made that human choice, competition for mates, and the resulting sexual selection, lead to different forms of pair-bonding such as monogamy or polygyny. Each of these has different institutional repercussions, with different development outcomes since the family / kinship environment in which children grow up may have important implications for technology adaptation, innovation and learning.