For underground mining, the extraction of coal or minerals can lead to the disturbance of the surface of the land. Surface structures may be damaged by tilting or lowering of the land surface as a result of ground subsidence. Mining subsidence therefore needs to be monitored throughout the operations, and perhaps beyond. Currently the majority of subsidence surveys are performed using total stations, digital levels and GPS with a height resolution of a few millimetres on a point-by-point basis. This paper demonstrates a cost-effective space technology, differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR), which is complementary to the conventional field surveying techniques for monitoring land subsidence due to underground mining.


Lebeda M., Pfikrylova J.: Influence of Energy-yielding Nutrients in Summer and Winter Feed Rations on the Levels of Non-esterified Fatty Acids in the Blood Plasma of Cows in Various Lactation Phases. Acta vet. Bmo, 50, 1981: 179 -189. The NEFA concentration in the blood plasma of 552 cows held at large-scale production units was determined and the degree of requirement coverage of di gestible nitrogen substances (DNS) and of energy (starch equivalent SE) and their ratio according to the Czechoslovak Standard CSN 46 7070 was found. Ten feed rations and 178 cows were included into the period of green food, 21 feed rations and 374 cows in the winter feeding period. The sets of 18 cows were divided into groups containing six animals each and were examined: 1. in the 1st-2nd month of lactation, 2. in the 4th-6th month of lactation and 3. in the 8th-9.5 month of pregnancy, in the dry period. The NEFA concentrations in the whole cow popUlation were found to be sig nificantly (P < 0.01) higher if summer feed rations were used (0.165 mmol .1-1 ± ± 0.138) with a marked average surplus of DNS and SE when compared with winter feed rations (0.131 mmol .1-1 ± 0.153) with a mild average deficiency of DNS and small surplus of SE. The difference of summer and winter NEFA levels in the whole cow population is caused first of all by significantly (P < 0.001) higher NEFA values in cows in the first lactation phase (0.23 mmol . 1-1 ± 0.19 in summer; 0.145 mmol .1-1 ± 0.161 in winter) which have in average a slight DNS defi ciency and higher SE deficiency in summer and higher deficit of DNS and SE within the level of the standard in winter. The NEFA concentrations of cows in the first lactation phase and of late-pregnant cows (0.168 mmol .1-1 ± 0.142 in summer; 0.145 mmol.I-1 ± 0.1428 in winter) were found to be both in summer and winter significantly (P < 0.001) higher than of those in the second lactation phase (0.086 mmol .1-1 ± 0.0767 in summer; 0.078 mmol .1-1 ± 0.0635 in winter). The NEFA concentration of cows in the first lactation phase and late-pregnant cows was found to differ significantly neither in summer nor in winter although there is a substantial difference in the coverage of energy nutrient requirement. The reasons of different NEFA concentrations in individual phases of a repro duction cycle from the point of view of found saturation of energy nutrient re quirements and of the influence of other factors, the applicability of plasma NEFA determination as an indicator of adequacy of cow nutrition have been discussed. Cows, digestible nitrogen substances, starch equivalent, calorie-protein ratio, plasma NEFA, first and second lactation phases, late pregnancy. Non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) present in blood plasma are loosely bound to albumin. They are released from this bond during oxidation or during the reserve deposition, the source of NEF A being the hydrolysis of triglycerides from food. This takes partly place in the intestine and to a greater extent in liver. Another source of NEFA is seen in the hydrolysis of triglycerides present


Objective To evaluate the effect of cell ultrastructure and learn the possible of brain atrophy and learn by some means brain atrophy can be recovered with rabbit brain by mannitol injection in vein with an animal experimental study. Methods 44 cases of local,healthy,crossbred rabbits,they were randomly divided into groups: one group called healthy group,including four animals without mannitol,the other groups called control group,including 10 groups,each with four animals. Every animal was injected mannitol from time to time,the last two groups were given fluid therapy intravenous after mannitol. All animals were died to bring brain tissues inspected with electron microscope to learn cell ultrastructure. Results In the early phase,animals were injected 20% mannitol,their sytoplasm edema,mitochondrion swell、rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosome decrease in the control groups never cell,the 12th day partial never cell deform and large partial cell organelle broken and diminish,the 14th and 16th never cell deformed and necrosis,cell nuclear atrophy,cell organelle damage and diminish,pyknosis can be seen in two animals. The last two groups,one group was given fluid therapy intravenous 3 days after mannitol 8 days,the other group was given fluid therapy intravenous 6 days after mannitol 10 days can only seen small partial of mitochondrion swell. Conclusion The brain tissues cell can be injured by electron microscope with injection mannitol,and can be recovered given fluid therapy intravenous after mannitol in the special time.


Mining activities bring about giant environmental impacts on the affected areas. Mining wastes, including wasted ore and gangue piles, mill waster, tailing dump, slags, acid mine drainage, heavy metals in the soils, river,stream water and sediments, and the air pollution have greatly disturbed the geological environment and the ecological system in the mining area. Even after the closing of the mining industry, the long term environmental effect is still a geochemical problem.Great attention should be paied to the study of geochemical disturbance and balance of the mining environment.


Video gaming is the preferable leisure activity of the adolescent. Video games are designed to be entertaining, challenging and sometimes educational. By reviewing the previous studies the conclusions is drawn that there is a negative association between amount of video game play and school performance for children, adolescents and college students. The research results have indicated that video games can promote hand-eye coordination, visual scanning, auditory discrimination, spatial skills and problem solving skills. The results of the previous studies indicated that the video games influences academic dishonesty among children and adolescents. The strategies used in video games promote cheating behaviour in academics and business for problem solving.


A novel contract-based trust negotiation(COTN) system is designed and implemented based on the enhanced trust management and trust negotiation technologies. It leverages attribute-based credential to support various kinds of delegation, where attribute parameters constrains and delegation constrains are also employed. The authors firstly introduce a contract mechanism to ensure the trustworthiness of negotiation for COTN system. The COTN system not only provides the functions to terminate impossible negotiation in advance but also is able to protect the sensitive credentials and sensitive information in the access control policies. This system has been successfully implemented as useful components and fundamental security services in CROWN Grid, and methods such as trust tickets and policies caching which can greatly increase service's efficiency are used. Furthermore, the approach is evaluated by comprehensive experiments, and the results show that it is feasible and applicable.


Ken Proudfoot, who teaches entrepreneurship at Johnson & Wales University, describes how Greater Elmwood Neighborhood Services and South Providence Neighborhood Ministries are making it work in South Providence.


Bioremediation of polluted soil requires a fundamental understanding of biodegradation kinetics and the physicochemical factors that control the rate of biodegradation. A systematic multi-level protocol based on three types of bioreactor systems, was developed to determine the biokinetic parameters of the suspended and immobilized microbiota and the transport and diffusivity parameters of soil contaminants and oxygen in the soil matrix. In the soil slurry reactor, significant biodegradation occurs in the aqueous phase by the suspended and immobilized microbiota and to some extent by the soil immobilized biofilms. The soil slurry reactor data were used to derive the biokinetic parameters for the suspended and immobilized microorganisms. The wafer reactor data were used to obtain additional information on biokinetic and transport parameters with oxygen limitation. The porous tube reactor data provided quantitative determination of oxygen diffusivity. In the soil tube reactor, oxygen limitation occurs inside the tube due to the diffusional resistance and oxygen consumption due to biodegradation. Soil slurry, soil wafer and soil tube reactor systems are used in conjunction with respirometers to quantitatively assess biodegradation rates in dispersed and intact soil systems. Modeling procedures, applied to the 3 experimental schemes proved useful for determining the biokinetic, transport and diffusivity parametersmore » for phenol and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil. Heterogeneous solid phase diffusion models developed for predicting adsorption and desorption rates of PAHs in low and high organic carbon soils were shown to be superior to the homogeneous surface diffusion models. Adsorption and desorption experiments were conducted to obtain nonlinear isotherms described by the Freundlich isotherm equation. A dual mode isotherm was used to describe adsorption in high organic soils.« less


This paper is mainly about researching some different types of 6G channels. The article introduces two common types of 6G channels: Terahertz channel and SAGINs channel, and studies and summarizes their advantages, problems, and development prospects, and compares them. The paper also introduces three small-scale 6G channel models.


Ultra-wideband (UWB) is a promising technology for positioning systems that has undergone massive research development in recent years. Most UWB positioning systems assume prior knowledge on the positions of the UWB anchors. Without knowing the UWB anchor positions, an accurate position estimate of an UWB tag is difficult. Hence, this paper presents a novel cooperative pedestrian simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm using an UWB positioning system without the necessity to have the prior information on the UWB anchor positions. To obtain accurate estimates of the UWB anchor positions, the estimations of the UWB anchor positions are shared between different mobile units. An increased accuracy of the estimated UWB anchor position relates directly to a more accurate position estimate of the mobile unit position. We evaluate the proposed algorithm based on measurements with multiple mobile units and fixed anchors with unknown positions. The evaluations show that an accurate position estimation of both the mobile units and the anchors is possible without any prior knowledge on the UWB anchor positions.


This paper analyses the evolution of the target group and objectives of the European Commission's enterprise/entrepreneurship policy since the end of the 1970s, with particular attention to the promotion of migrant entrepreneurship. Secondly, it explores the tools available at the EU-level to promote migrant entrepreneurship and the limitations of this policy. Following a study of academic and EU sources, the research shows that the EC's enterprise/entrepreneurship policy evolved from primarily targeting larger companies, into a policy with extra interest for SMEs and finally the whole society, including migrants. Promotion of migrant entrepreneurship is i.a. limited by the principle of subsidiarity.

http://dx.doi.org/10.17130/ijmeb.2017ICMEB1735608


Background— Left ventricular (LV) remodeling has been attributed to the segmental loss of viable myocardium due to myocardial infarction (MI), which results in redistribution of cardiac workload, with increased regional wall stress in and around the infarct zone. Because ventricular pacing has been shown to reduce regional wall stress and workload in regions near the pacing site, this trial was designed to test whether chronic pacing near the infarct attenuates LV remodeling.

Methods and Results— Eighty patients with an anterior MI, peak creatine kinase >2000 mU/mL, ejection fraction ≤35%, wall motion abnormality (WMA) in >5 of 16 segments, and QRS 0.05). In a hypothesis-generating secondary analysis, there was a sustained reduction in the WMA score at 12 months in paced patients (CRT, −0.16±0.28; ICD, −0.01±0.24, 2-sample t test P =0.03). No differences were found in the therapy-related event rate, hospitalizations, or mortality (all P >0.05).

Conclusions— Chronic pacing in the infarct region did not alter the primary end point of LV remodeling over 1 year.

Clinical Trial Registration— URL: . Unique identifier: [NCT00605631][1].

 [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT00605631&atom=%2Fcirchf%2F3%2F6%2F650.atom


This paper proposes a dynamic trajectory planning method for point-to-point motion of three-degree-of-freedom (three-DOF) cable-suspended parallel robots. Natural frequencies as well as associated periodic trajectories that can be obtained from the integration of the dynamic model of an equivalent passive mechanical system are used to design point-to-point trajectories. The trajectories can be used to connect consecutive points in sequence that may lie beyond the static workspace of the robot. The technique ensures zero velocity at each of the target points and continuity of the accelerations. Based on the cable tension constraints, attainable regions can be determined to search for the next target point, while feasible regions of intermediate points are generated in cases for which a given point cannot be directly attained. An example trajectory is performed to illustrate the approach. An experimental implementation is also presented using a three-DOF prototype, and video extensions are provided to demonstrate the results.


ABSTRACT As processes of identity construction are relational, the ways the Greeks view the Germans are intrinsically interrelated to how they see themselves, especially in a period of economic recession. Against this backdrop, in the present paper, I consider the ways Germanness (and thus, also Greekness) are constructed in a popular Greek TV stand-up comedy show. The analysis revealed that they were depicted as two distinct universes consisting of different language, music and culture, echoing (at first impression) rather well-held ideas about Northern Europeanness vs. Southern Europeanness, which circulate in the (Greek) public sphere. Nevertheless, through the strategy of fictionalization, such stereotypical representations were actually challenged by the TV sketches, since they were systematically exoticized through several indexes (e.g. the stylized language performance of German characters), with the aim to be deconstructed.


Abstract An expression is found for the L2-index of a Dirac operator coupled to a connection on a Un vector bundle over S1× R 3. Boundary conditions for the connection are given which ensure the coupled Dirac operator Fredholm. Callias' index theorem is used to calculate the index when the connection is independent of the coordinate on S1. An excision theorem due to Gromov, Lawson, and Anghel reduces the index theorem to this special case.


Studies on alumni are of extreme relevance insofar as they enable a survey of information that can generate results relating to the planning, definition, and feedback of educational policies. The study sought to analyze the alumni of the technical course in Farming of the Instituto Federal Fluminense, Bom Jesus do Itabapoana campus, and their entry into the world of work. The campus is set in a rural area, where the Local Productive Arrangement is farming. It has to be considered that Law 11,892/2008, which established the Federal Institutes of Education, Science, and Technology, adopts as their purpose/characteristic and goals to provide professional and technological education at all levels and modalities, training and qualifying professionals, focusing on the local and regional socio-economic development; stimulate and support educational processes that lead to the generation of work and income and the emancipation of citizens from the perspective of local and regional socio-economic development. This study included the years 2012, 2014, and 2016. The research is of a quantitative-qualitative aspect due to the importance of complementation among the different methodologies for a better understanding of the subject of study by means of a questionnaire. A documentary and online survey was carried out in order to support and understand the subject addressed. Findings revealed that most alumni continue to study and that there is no significant number of technical alumni in farming working in the field, considering as an incentive the lack of investment in the region; however, the alumni are confident in a perspective of growth in the field.


Summary

The alternation of pluvial and non-pluvial periods during the Tertiary-Quaternary resulted in periodicity of soil formation and landscape development. Soils were formed during the pluvial periods, when the landscape was protected from erosion deposition by a well-developed vegetative cover. Varying amounts of erosion and deposition occurred during the non-pluvial periods, when the vegetative cover was sparser.

The Tertiary erosional periods were characterized by water erosion-deposition and major changes of land form. During each of the Quaternary erosional periods the climate became desertic; there was widespread erosion by wind but little modification of the landscape.

The soils are of four different ages. In addition, surface silcretes were formed during another period of landscape stability. All of the soils in the region are paleosols.


CONTEXT
The fear-avoidance model was developed in an attempt to explain the process by which "pain experience" and "pain behavior" become dissociated from the actual pain sensation in individuals who manifest the phenomenon of exaggerated pain perception. High levels of fear avoidance can lead to chronic pain and disability and have successfully predicted rehabilitation time in the work-related-injury population. Existing fear-avoidance questionnaires have all been developed for the general population, but these questionnaires may not be specific enough to fully assess fear avoidance in an athletic population that copes with pain differently than the general population.

OBJECTIVE
To develop and validate the Athlete Fear Avoidance Questionnaire (AFAQ).

DESIGN
Qualitative research to develop the AFAQ and a cross-sectional study to validate the scale.

PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS
For questionnaire development, a total of 8 experts in the fields of athletic therapy, sport psychology, and fear avoidance were called upon to generate and rate items for the AFAQ. For determining concurrent validity, 99 varsity athletes from various sports participated.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
A total of 99 varsity athletes completed the AFAQ, the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale. We used Pearson correlations to establish concurrent validity.

RESULTS
Concurrent validity was established with significant correlations between the AFAQ and the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire-Physical Activity (r = 0.352, P > .001) as well as with the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (r = 0.587, P > .001). High internal consistency of our questionnaire was established with a Cronbach α coefficient of 0.805. The final version of the questionnaire includes 10 items with good internal validity (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS
We developed a questionnaire with good internal and external validity. The AFAQ is a scale that measures sport-injury-related fear avoidance in athletes and could be used to identify potential psychological barriers to rehabilitation.


In this abstract we describe the development of a web application for a prosopography of the Roman Republic, focusing on the data modelling, data harvesting and user interface. The web application offers finegrained data about the elite of the Roman Republic, allowing the detailed study of its attested individuals, including familial composition, office-holding patterns, internal hierarchies, property and wealth. The Digital Prosopography of the Roman Republic (DPRR) is an AHRC (Arts and Humanities Research Council) funded project, running from 2013 to May 2017. It is a collaborative project being developed by King's Digital Lab, together with the Classics and the Digital Humanities Departments from King's College London. The project was developed to allow users easy access to complex data to enable them to answer questions such as:


Background:  The purpose of the study is to evaluate the assessment of ultrasound analysis in the differential diagnosis of skin melanoma and benign cutaneous lesions. Objective: 61 patients (23 men and 38 women) between 17 and 87 years of age, with melanomas, atheromas, hemangiomas, keratoses, and naevi were studied. Methods: High-frequency gray-scale ultrasound analysis, color Doppler, power Doppler, advanced dynamic flow, strain Elastography, digital Dermoscopy were performed in all cases. Results: In malignant melanoma cases we have mainly: sharp margins, hypoechoic, homogenous structure, absent of posterior shadowing, central and disorganized circulatory pattern with multiple peduncles. In some benign pathology, several ultrasound criteria were exclusive: microcalcifications are only in atheroma, posterior shadowing, and circular rim - in keratosis. The incidence of other ultrasound criteria can vary in atheroma, hemangioma, keratosis, and nevus. Tumor longitudinal and thickness relation were higher (7.9±1.96) than in all benign pathologies (2.1-4.8). The Elastography stiffness of the 26 skin melanomas was 2.95±0.18 and was higher than the group of 35 patients with all benign skin pathology (0.96±0.59), including atheroma (2.0±0.78), hemangioma (0.55±0.21), keratosis (1.21±0.21) and nevus (0.78±0.45). Conclusion: Multimodal approaches to exploring high-frequency ultrasound analytic criteria can be helpful in the differential diagnosis of malignant melanoma and benign cutaneous lesions.


Use of the conductivity curve of the induction-electrical log to define the depth at which a bore hole enters an abnormally pressured section, as outlined by Wallace (1964), prompted the writer to attempt-to develop a method for making quantitative pressure determinations from the conductivity curve. A method of plotting conductivity readings of clean shales vs. depth was devised. This plot shows that a sloping straight line can be drawn through the points in the known normally pressured section, whereas the points in the abnormally pressured zone deviate toward higher conductivity. Causes for the straight line and the deviating portions of the plot were analyzed and it was concluded that the magnitude of the conductivity deviation is primarily a function of the pressure abnormality. Plotting of pressure gradients (calculated from measured reservoir pressure and depths) vs. conductivity deviation in 41 abnormally pressured reservoirs in coastal and offshore Louisiana resulted in a basic curve which can be used to determine approximate pressures in future wells where electric logs can be made available but actual pressure measurements are lacking. An example of the use of this curve is given for the case where a well passes out of an abnormally pressured section into a normally pressured zone. The lower pressures in the normally pressured zone are masked by the high mud weights required to hold the upper, higher pressures but can be detected by the proposed method.


Nutritional deficiency is still a problem faced by many families in Indonesia. One of the important issues is the level of protein consumption that is still below the minimum required standard. Edible insects could be one alternative of protein sources since their availability in the nature is quite abundant. This paper analyses six edible species of both cultivated and wild insects for its proximate compositions to measure their nutritional value. The cultivated insects consist of cricket (Gryllus sp.), giant mealworm (Zophobas morio F.), yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor L.), and silkworm (Bombyx mori L.), and the wild insects consist of javanese grasshopper (Valanga nigricornis Burm.) and paddy locust (Nomadacris succincta L.). Results shows that the nutritional composition of insects varies widely. Each 100g of dry weight contains of 32.59-76.69% of protein, 6.9-29.47% of fat, 0.92-30.76% of carbohydrate, 2.80-5.79% of ash, 407.34- 517.50 kcal of energy, and minerals about 24.82-31.22 mg of calcium (Ca) and 3.15-4.1 mg of iron (Fe). Some species such as grasshoppers, silkworm pupae and crickets have high protein content which potentially can be utilized as an alternate protein sources to fight against malnutrition and to increase nutritious food consumption. Efforts should be made to encourage the consumption of edible insects as an alternative source of protein. It is especially important to those who live in and around the forest, since the forest area is an excellent habitat for various species of insects.


This volume incorporates the papers delivered at an International Round Table in Brescia i n May 1988. The work itself is handy sized and well-crafted, produced relatively rapidly and inexpensively to a high standard, with a particular emphasis on papers written in English even if not the authors' native tongue, all being provided with summaries in at least one other language. Criticism, in so far as some there must be, has to be directed not so much at the individual papers (in fact of an almost uniformly high quality) as at their compilation under a faulty, misleading title, that is to say at the conference itself surely a missed opportunity. In the first place, this is not really a conference about the 'Alpine' region at all, including not a single paper on the French Alps and only one each on regions of Switzerland or Austria (the Valais, Karnten) while indulging in an excursion to the Balkan-Carpathian uplands; the focus of attention rarely shifts from the sub-Alpine margins of Italy, from Liguria to Friuli. In the second place, this is not really a 'conference' about the Alpine region at all: no single item would seem out of place in a national or regional journal. That is to say, the organizers appear to have adopted a completely 'hands-off' attitude, accepting such papers as the participants chose to offer, the editorial task being limited to their compilation. When resources, including time and effort, are so scarce this hardly seems the right decision to have made. If one is to bother to assemble specialists of such quality, it is surely to generate and record the interaction, the dialogue, the consensus achieved or controversy assessed on matters of some moment; otherwise the participants might as well post their contributions to a PO Box and stay at home. Furthermore, one would welcome a more positive input from the organizers a specification of the key question of fact or interpretation to be adjudicated by the panel of experts. The choice of a forensic idiom is deliberate: the readership has a right to expect guidance in such a field, not a sort of poetry-reading convention or anthology of belles-lettres but a series of judgements made on given grounds with sufficient evidence available to inspire confidence. Otherwise, as in this case, the reader is left to piece together some sort of synthesis from a congeries of partial and incommensurate data, picking u p a pollen horizon here, a I4C date there, a newly discovered site yonder. This is not good enough: we all lead busy lives, we have a right to expect the editor(s) to construct an overview, pointing out what is definite and what is dodgy, where evidence is unreliable and where altogether lacking, in which direction to look for future developments. We do not find this here. This said, the papers readily fall into two heaps: on the one hand, detailed but localized monographs a pollen core, a site or, at most, site cluster; on the other, five papers of more general import. The former may be subdivided under such main headings as: the CastelnovianiAtlantic; the Varese; Liguria; the North East; the VBQ. The 'Castelnovian' question is re-invigorated by Baroni et al.; descriptions of that rara avis, a highaltitude Late Castelnovian site (Laghetti di Crestoso) which upsets the orthodox view (still espoused by Broglio & Lanzinger in their more general paper) of a cessation of high-altitude ibex hunting early on in the Castelnovian, probably as a result of the Atlantic afforestation of the upland pastures. It would now seem that by this juncture (c. 4850 b.c.) at least, the 'primary forest efficiency' of the Castelnovian was extended to the then-conifered uplands; such discontinuity in the exploitation of the highlands as there was must have occurred in the middle of the period. In any case, we are no closer to understanding the profonda modificazione tecnologica (blade and trapeze production) which occurred c. 6000 b.c. (p. 55). In so far as this touches on the question of the 'Atlantic Optimum', the Laghetti core is complemented by Cremaschi's study of the soils, in terms of affordances for Neolithic farmers. The point is made very clearly that the well-drained, fine-textured fans, low terraces and floodplain farmed by these latter had only just developed during the Atlantic after earlier instability. The Varese group of papers (Bagolini; Banchieri; Guerreschi; Castelletti; Drescher-Schneider) largely focus on the well-known site of Isolino; in a passage which may give rise to wry smiles, Banchieri (p. 203) believes he has identified the actual migration of the Proto-Lagozzan community from Isolino to Lagozza.


It is essential to introduce database analysis and design in the undergraduate IS curriculum even though there may be different opinions about how much design should be included there. Due to the lack of experience, it is unrealistic to expect an outcome of skillful database design, but the fundamental concepts of Entity-Relationship (ER) modeling for relational database design should be covered. Our goal is to enable the student to interpret the ER Diagram and thus understand the ER model and the database. In search of the right ER Diagram convention to teach ER Modeling at the undergraduate level, we critically reviewed several prevailing ERD conventions presently in use: the traditional ERD, the Bachman notation and briefly about the Unified Modeling Language (UML) as well. Each of these ERD approaches has its strengths and weaknesses. We contend that the traditional ERD is good when introducing the ERM concepts, but for efficacy in professional use the Bachman ERD is much better, and suits itself to interactive graphical user interfaces for tools on the computer. UML is still primarily an object-oriented software design tool: appropriate for incorporating the database into software design and development but not for teaching ERM at the undergraduate level. In conclusion, we propose a staged teaching plan beginning with the traditional ERD gradually migrating into the Bachman notation.


Introduction. Obesity and diabetes are difficult to treat in public clinics. We sought to determine the effectiveness of the Metabolic Rehabilitation Program (MRP) in achieving long-term weight loss and improving glycaemic control versus "best practice" diabetes clinic (DC) in obese patients using a retrospective cohort study. Methods. Patients with diabetes and BMI > 30 kg/m2 who attended the MRP, which consisted of supervised exercise and intense allied health integration, or the DC were selected. Primary outcomes were improvements in weight and glycaemia with secondary outcomes of improvements in blood pressure and lipid profile at 12 and 30 months. Results. Baseline characteristics of both cohorts (40 MRP and 40 DC patients) were similar at baseline other than age (63 in MRP versus 68 years in DC, P = 0.002). At 12 months, MRP patients lost 7.65 ± 1.74 kg versus 1.76 ± 2.60 kg in the DC group (P < 0.0001) and 9.70 ± 2.13 kg versus 0.98 ± 2.65 kg at 30 months (P < 0.0001). Similarly, MRP patients had significant absolute reductions in %HbA1c at 30 months versus the DC group (−0.86 ± 0.31% versus 0.12% ± 0.33%, P < 0.038), with nonsignificant improvements in lipids and blood pressure in MRP patients. Conclusion. Further research is needed to establish the MRP as an effective strategy for achieving sustained weight loss and improving glycaemic control in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.


A therapeutic protocol utilizing debridement, antibiotics, tetanus toxoid and antitoxin, early tracheostomy, positive pressure respiration, frequent suctioning, and large doses of diazepam is outlined. Diazepam proved adequate to interrupt the violent muscular spasms and recurring convulsions in this disease. Eight of 11 patients suffering from severe tetanus recovered to resume fully active lives after receiving treatment according to the protocol. It is emphasized that this treatment protocol is within the physical capabilities of most hospitals.


ABSTRACT Mathematics experts often choose appropriate procedures to produce an efficient or elegant solution to a mathematical task. This flexible procedural knowledge distinguishes novice and expert procedural performances. This article reports on an intervention intended to aid the development of undergraduate calculus students' flexible use of procedures. Two sections of the same course were randomly assigned to treatment and control conditions. Treatment students completed an assignment on which they resolved derivative-finding problems with alternative methods and compared the two resulting solutions. Control students were assigned a list of functions to differentiate. On the post-intervention test, treatment students were more likely to use a variety of solution methods without prompting than the control. Moreover, the set of treatment section solutions were closer to those of a group of mathematics experts. This study presents evidence that not only is flexible procedural knowledge a key skill in tertiary mathematics, it can be taught.


The experiments of Arabidopsis thaliana suspension culture were performed. Some subculture conditions were determined, and the growth characteristics of suspension cells were observed. The typical S-like growth curve in a subculture cycle lasting 7 days was obtained. In normal condition, a logarithmic phase of growth of suspension biomass occurred in 2-4 days after subculture. Then, the growth of biomass slowed down quickly. However, its growth and time of logarithmic phase were changed with amount of inoculation. It was advisable to choose 10 mL/50 mL as diluting ratio for holding subculture cycle of 7 days. The growth was slowed down, and even was halted with 10 mL/50 mL as diluting ratio. Different concentration of hormones and sucrose in media greatly affected growth of suspension cells. NAA could restrain growth of suspension cells subcultured in B5 + 0. 2 mg/L NAA medium for several times. 30 g/L sucrose was advisable, and lower concentration of sucrose could decrease biomass and activity of suspension cells.


Abstract At three-hourly intervals during three 24- to 48-hour periods in the summer of 1943, radiosonde observations were made at the University of California at Los Angeles; to ascertain the changes in vertical temperature distribution during typical stratus situations. These observations show that the base of the subsidence inversion characteristic of all summer soundings in this region undergoes marked diurnal variations in height and temperature. Computations show that advection can account for only part of the cooling at the inversion base during the formation of stratus over the station, while radiational exchange tends to raise the temperature there, rather than to lower it. Turbulence is shown to be practically negligible, and convection to play only a slight role. Vertical motion is found to account for the otherwise unexplained changes in temperature and inversion height. A possible cause of vertical motion with diurnal period is convergence in the land and sea breeze.


In this paper we introduce the \S 1 {Euler characteristic" of a nite S 1 {space, i.e. of a topological space X with a given circle action, where X is partitioned as an \S 1 {CW complex" into nitely many \S 1 {cells" (see x4). We deene the S 1 {Euler characteristic both geometrically and as an algebraic trace and show how it ts in to the broad picture of algebraic and diierential topology and of algebraic K {theory. A smooth circle action on a compact smooth manifold is known to admit the structure of a nite S 1 {CW complex I 1 , I 2 ] and therefore has an S 1 {Euler characteristic. Recall that an S 1 {CW complex X is a union X = S n0 S j c n j of its S 1 {cells, c n j ; here the j {th S 1 {n{cell c n j is equivariantly modeled on S 1 =H j D n where H j S 1 is the (closed) isotropy subgroup of the \interior" of the S 1 {cell (see x4 for details). The isotropy group H j is either nite cyclic in which case we deene jH j j to be the order of H j , or else H j = S 1 in which case we deene jH j j = 0. We will always assume that X is connected. Write G for the fundamental group of X and let ZG denote the integral groupring of G. Our new invariant lies in the Hochschild homology group HH 1 (ZG). Recall that this abelian group is the rst homology of a certain chain complex; 1{chains in this complex are by deenition elements of ZG Z ZG (see x1 for a detailed account). 1 Thus we write Hochschild 1{chains as nite sums P j n j u j v j where u j ; v j 2 G and the n j are integers. The S 1 {Euler characteristic, denoted by ~ S 1(X) 2 HH 1 (ZG), is deened to be the homology class represented by the Hochschild 1{cycle: (0.1) X n0 (?1) n+1 X j jH j j X i=1 g j;n g ?1?i j;n : Here, the element g j;n 2 G (dependent on a choice of basepath) has, as a representative loop, an orbit in the interior of the S 1 {n{cell …


Process of formation of conception on Galaxy structure is analysed. Forming of Galaxy subsystems of different ages and principal results, which were obtained till beginning of XXI century, are discussed in the paper.


ion in probabilistic domains has long been rec- ognized as an effective tool to faciliate faster reasoning. In this paper we focused on the technical side of ob- taining a correct macro abstraction; a comprehensive theory of abstracting probabilistic actions is presented in [2]. Empirical results of applying the technique to several domains showed substantial reduction in the complexity of planning [2]. The sequential abstrac- tion method presented here could be easily adopted to use in both open-loop probabilistic planning [6] and Markov models [9]. We have ignored the question of abstracting schematic actions. Further work will be focused on this problem, as well as on investigating abstractions based on qualitative properties of actions. References [2] [1] L. Chrisman. Abstract probabilistic modeling of action. In Proceedings of the First Interna- tional Conference on Artificial Intelligence Plan- ning Systems, pages 28-36, June 1992. A.H. Doan and P. Haddawy. Decision-theoretic refinement planning: Principles and applica- tion. Technical Report TR-95-01-01, Dept. of Elect. Eng. & Computer Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, January 1995. Available via anonymous FTP from pub/tech_reports at ftp. cs. uwm. edu. [3] R.E. Fikes, P.E. Hart, and N.J. Nilsson. Learning and executing generalized robot plans. Artificial Intelligence, 3(4):251-288, 1972. [4] P. Haddawy and A.H. Doan. Abstracting proba- bilistic actions. In Proceedings of the Tenth Con- ference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, pages 270-277, Seattle, July 1994. Available via anonymous FTP from pub/tech_reports at ftp. ca. uwm. edu. [5] C.E. Kahn and P. Haddawy. Optimizing diag- nostic and therapeutic strategies using decision- theoretic planning: Principles and applications. In Proceedings of the Eighth World Congress on Medical Informatics (Medinfo '95), Vancouver, July 1995. (to appear). [6] N. Kushmerick, S. Hanks, and D. Weld. An al- gorithm for probabilistic least-commitment plan- ning. In Proceedings of the Twelfth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 1073- 1078, Seattle, 1994. [7] S. Minton. Selectively generalizing plans for prob- lem solving. In IJCAI85, pages 596-599, 1985. [8] J.M. Siskind and D.A. McAllester. Nondetermin- istic lisp as a substrate for constraint logic pro- gramming. In Proceedings of the Eleventh Na- tional Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 133-138, Washington,DC, July 1993. [9] David E. Smith and Mike Williamson. Repre- sentation and evaluation of plans with loops. In AAAI Spring Symposium 95Extending Theories of Actions, Stanford, CA, 1995. [10] S. Thiebaux, J. Hertzberg, W. Shoaff, and M. Schneider. A stochastic model of actions and plans for anytime planning under uncertainty. In- ternational Journal of Intelligent Systems, 1994. To appear.


Background: Lysine acetylation is a major post-translational modification of proteins. Results: Human glycine N-acyltransferase-like 2 is regulated by acetylation/deacetylation of lysine 19. Conclusion: Reversible lysine acetylation is important in regulating the activity and function of human glycine N-acyltransferases. Significance: Our study links post-translational modification of proteins with the production of lipid signaling molecules, the N-acyl glycines. Lysine acetylation is a major post-translational modification of proteins and regulates many physiological processes such as metabolism, cell migration, aging, and inflammation. Proteomic studies have identified numerous lysine-acetylated proteins in human and mouse models (Kim, S. C., Sprung, R., Chen, Y., Xu, Y., Ball, H., Pei, J., Cheng, T., Kho, Y., Xiao, H., Xiao, L., Grishin, N. V., White, M., Yang, X. J., and Zhao, Y. (2006) Mol. Cell 23, 607–618). One family of proteins identified in this study was the murine glycine N-acyltransferase (GLYAT) enzymes, which are acetylated on lysine 19. Lysine 19 is a conserved residue in human glycine N-acyltransferase-like 2 (hGLYATL2) and in several other species, showing that this residue may be important for enzyme function. Mutation of lysine 19 in recombinant hGLYATL2 to glutamine (K19Q) and arginine (K19R) resulted in a 50–80% lower production of N-oleoyl glycine and N-arachidonoylglycine, indicating that lysine 19 is important for enzyme function. LC/MS/MS confirmed that Lys-19 is not acetylated in wild-type hGLYATL2, indicating that Lys-19 requires to be deacetylated for full activity. The hGLYATL2 enzyme conjugates medium- and long-chain saturated and unsaturated acyl-CoA esters to glycine, resulting in the production of N-oleoyl glycine and also N-arachidonoyl glycine. N-Oleoyl glycine and N-arachidonoyl glycine are structurally and functionally related to endocannabinoids and have been identified as signaling molecules that regulate functions like the perception of pain and body temperature and also have anti-inflammatory properties. In conclusion, acetylation of lysine(s) in hGLYATL2 regulates the enzyme activity, thus linking post-translational modification of proteins with the production of biological signaling molecules, the N-acyl glycines.


In optical experiments electromagnetic field manifests itself as a quantum-statistical object. Its state should be described with a statistical operator or with correlation functions calculated with it. A rather full description of field is provided with field amplitudes and simultaneous binary functions. Incidentally Glauber functions serve as a tool for diagnostics of field properties. The correlation functions are regarded as averaged macroscopic values and can be calculated as electrodynamic parameters of medium. The paper presents a scheme of such calculations for a system of two-level emitters interacting via field (Dicke model). Evolution equations are built on the basis of Bogolyubov reduced description method. Solving them can be put in life with modern computational technologies such as GPU.


Lakesediments fromarcto-boreal regions commonly contain abundant Betula pollen. However, palaeoenvironmental interpretations ofBetula pollen areoften ambiguous because ofthelack ofreliable morphological features todistinguish amongecologically distinct Betula species inwestern North America. We measured thegrain diameters andporedepths ofpollen fromthree tree-birch species (B.papyrifera, B.kenaica andB.neoalaskana) andtwoshrub-birch species (B.glandulosa andB.nana), andcalculated theratio ofgrain diameter toporedepth (D/Pratio). Nostatistical difference exists in all three parameters between theshrub-birch species orbetween twoofthetree-birch species (B.kenaica andB.papyrifera), andB.neoalaskana isintermediate between theshrub-birch andtheother twotree- birch species. However, meanporedepth issignificantly larger forthetree species thanfortheshrub spe- cies. Incontrast, meangrain diameter cannot distinguish tree andshrub species. MeanD/Pratio separates tree andshrub species less clearly thanporedepth, butthis ratio canbeusedforverification. Thethreshold fordistinguishing pollen oftree versus shrub birch lies at2.55pmand8.30 forporedepth andD/Pratio, respectively. We'applied these thresholds totheanalysis ofBetula pollen inanAlaskan lake-sediment core spanning thepast 800years. Results showthat shrub birch increased markedly attheexpense oftree birch during the'Little IceAge'; this pattem isnotdiscernible intheprofile oftotal birch pollen.


Kinship terms are linguistic symbols identifying the relationship of consanguinity,close or distant relationship and marriage.The kinship systems in Uygur and Kazak are totally different in that the former is directly related and the latter is binary collateral.Howerer,three kinds of terms for elder generation,the same generation and the younger generation are used in addressing relatives.Therefore,based on the investigation of the social structure of the Uygur nationality and Kazak,this paper presents the principle of compatriot union and holds that the formation of the principle is closely related to consanguinity,region and religion.


With the increase of data dimension in many application fields, feature selection, as an essential step to avoid the curse of dimensionality and enhanced the generalization of the model, is attracting more and more research attention. However, most existing feature selection methods always assume the features have the same cost. These research efforts mainly focus on features' relevance to learning performance while neglecting the cost to obtain them. Feature cost is a crucial factor need to be considered in feature selection problem especially for the real world applications. For example, in the process of medical diagnosis, each feature may have a very different testing cost. To select low-cost subsets of informative features, in this paper, we propose a stratified random forest-based cost-sensitive feature selection method. Unlike commonly used two-step cost-sensitive feature selection approaches, in our model, the cost of features is incorporated into the construction process of the base decision tree, that is, the cost and the performance of each feature are optimized simultaneously. Moreover, we adopt a stratified sample method to enhance the performance of the feature subset for high-dimensional data. A series of experimental results show that compared with the state-of-the-art methods, the proposed approach can lower the cost of the selected feature subset while maintaining comparable learning performance.


Humor has always been and will remain to be part of the political landscape, even though it may take a temporary break from time to time. The range of political humor is immense, including roasting comedy. In general, past research has succeeded in showing the importance of roasting comedy and how it employs the figure of speech. The problem is although the roasting is broadcast on national television, none of them has examined it using the theory of television satire. Thus, this research aimed to analyze the presupposition of roasting comedy and to study the roasting comedy by using the heuristic structures of television satire, which include: space, target, rhetoric, media, and time. The writers used qualitative methods to analyze the data using critical discourse analysis (CDA). This study used Kiky Saputri's roasting video of DKI Jakarta governor Anies Baswedan in Lapor Pak! comedy program. The video was taken from the YouTube account Trans7 Official entitled "Kiky ROASTING Anies Baswedan, Pasukan Auto Jantungan! | LAPOR PAK! (09/11/21) Part 4". This program was selected for its popularity and has won the Indonesian Television Award (ITA) 2021 in the most popular non-drama primetime program category. Among the program's episodes, this episode has become viral with more than 6.8 million views and was widely published in major national news portals. From the analysis, it can be concluded that Kiky Saputri's roasting comedy has a specific pattern. Furthermore, because the Lapor Pak! program fulfilled Jones' heuristic structure, Kiky Saputri's roasting Anies Baswedan attracted much attention.


An inquiry into the July 7 London bombings heard that in the immediate aftermath staff had no idea what colleagues at other trusts were doing.


Mechanical milling technique is considered to be a useful way of processing the fine Nd-Fe-B-type powder with high coercivity. In the present study, phase evolution of the Nd_(15)(Fe_(1-x)Co_x)_(77)B_8 (x=0~0.6) alloys during the high energy mechanical milling and annealing was investigated. The effect of Co-substitution on the crystallization of the mechanically milled Nd_(15)(Fe_(1-x)Co_x)_(77)B_8 amorphous material was examined. The Nd-Fe-B-type alloys can be amorphized completely by a high-energy mechanical milling. On annealing of the amorphous material, fine α-Fe crystallites form first from the amorphous. These fine α-Fe crystallites reacts with the remaining amorphous afterwards, leading to crystallization to Nd₂Fe₁₄B phase. The Co-substitution for Fe in Nd_(15)(Fe_(1-x)Co_x)_(77)B_8 μx=0~0.6) alloys lower significantly the crystallization temperature of the amorphous phase to the Nd₂Fe₁₄B phase. The mechanically milled and annealed Nd_(15)Fe_(77)B_8 alloy without Co-substitution exhibits consistently better magnetic properties with respect to the alloys with Co-substitution.


Overwintering adults of grape variegated leafhopper, Zygina apicalis Nawa were collected from the field of Turpan area on the 1st of May. Based on observation in laboratory these adults could survive more than 45 days. The number of the breeding off spring later for each female adult was about 50~60 under suitable temperature. The developmental period of the nymph was about 12.6 to 21.1days at a temperature of 22℃~28℃; of which 28℃ was the most suitable temperature. The threshold temperature and effective temperature for nymphs were estimated to be 5.2℃ and 307.1 degree-day, respectively.


SatelLife allows researchers in sub-Saharan Africa to communicate on the HealthNet system via satellite. Dr. Modcoicar at a hospital in Maputo Mozambique requested information from all users of the HealthNet system on any published studies or current research on the efficacy of kanamycin in treating acute gonorrhea in men. He had the systems operator in Maputo transmit the message for him because the hospital has neither computers nor a HealthNet account. The systems operator in Lusaka Zambia downloaded the message from the satellite and directed it to Dr. Shunkutu at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka. He sent a message back to Dr. Modcoicar about a paper on kanamycin treatment for uncomplicated gonococcal urethritis (January-March 1985 issues of Journal of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (Zambia) by a team of physicians headed up by Dr. Hira. A single dose of 2 g intramuscularly injected kanamycin cured 95% of 113 men at an STD clinic in Lusaka. 41% of the men had penicillin-resistant strains of gonorrhea. The medical library at the University of Eduardo Mondlane in Mozambique has a trained medical librarian and Medline on compact disc. Yet Dr. Modcoicar would not have been able to find the article because the above mentioned journal and the African Journal of Transmitted Diseases are not indexed and thus are not part of Medline. The ability of these doctors to network is especially important since other STDs facilitate transmission of HIV and the research showed a way to contain HIV/AIDS. The pilot project of the International Index of African Health Literature involves medical librarians in Ghana Kenya Nigeria Zambia and Zimbabwe who are cataloguing the lost literature thereby creating local or national databases to be merged at the WHO Regional Office for Africa. They will use HealthNet to transmit the data to system users in Africa and elsewhere.


Abstract L 1-estimation for time series models is very important due to its robustness. Many properties of this kind of estimators have been studied. However, some problems on this subject are still left open. In this article we derive the limiting distribution of L 1-estimators for qth order moving average (MA(q)) models under more general conditions on the distribution function near zero.


University of Minnesota M.S. thesis December . 2019. Major: Bioproducts/Biosystems Science Engineering and Management. Advisor: Gary Sands. 1 computer file (PDF); iii, 187 pages.


This paper reports initial research findings exploring the assessment of regulatory requirements in the healthcare design process, using different levels of automation – code checking. The methodological approach is Design Science Research, with an empirical study undertaken in close collaboration with an institution responsible for Primary Healthcare buildings in the UK. The main findings include understanding that the design of healthcare projects is intrinsically subjective, which is also reflected by the way regulations for healthcare buildings are developed. Thus, automated approaches for design assessment will only be suitable for the healthcare context if such approaches enable the consideration of requirements subjectivity. In fact, this consists of a change in the way subjectivity is considered in code checking research, which has traditionally been seen as problematic for the design assessment process, due to individual biases and potential misunderstandings. This research proposes that subjectivity in design assessment should be understood in terms of how its negative effects could be alleviated, but at the same time understanding it supports creativity and the uniqueness of human reasoning during the healthcare design process.


In the Lower Syr Darya region of the Aral Sea Basin, secondary salinization of irrigated lands has been a major problem. To clarify the mechanism of secondary salinization, studies on water and salt behavior were carried out in an irrigation block where a ricebased cropping system had been practiced. Results of on-site studies are summarized as follows: 1) Due to the excessive amount of irrigation with slightly or moderately saline river water in rice fields, dissolved salts remained mainly in upland fields in the block and its periphery. The changes in the salt accumulation rate depended upon the scale of annual changes in the cropping patterns. 2) A remarkable finding was obtained on the salt behavior in saturated soil layers of rice fields. Salts from the deeper layer diffused upward in percolated water and thus increased soil water salinity in the shallow layer after the subsoil was saturated. This finding refutes the hypothesis that rice cultivation practiced in arid areas is effective for leaching salts already accumulated in the soil. 3) Because of the movement of percolated water from rice fields through the zone below the field-drain bed, the rise of the groundwater table and salt accumulation were accelerated in the adjacent upland fields. Thus mixed cropping with rice and upland crops based on the crop rotation system in an irrigation block exacerbated waterlogging and salt accumulation in upland fields. 4) Salt-accumulated spots in rice fields seemed to be formed on the spots with permeable soils, due to upward prominent diffusion of dissolved salts from the deeper layer to the soil surface through the permeable media when the field was submerged.


The microfluidic devices have a wide applications on cell sorting and separation in recent years, and they could be a powerful tool to study the motion, deformation and adhesion of blood cells. On the other hand, the studies on the behaviors of blood cells in microfluidics could also help to design and optimize the microfluidic devices for cell sorting and separation. In this work, we firstly introduce the mechanism of cell deformation and adhesion generated in the flow in microchannels, emphatically for red blood cells. Then, we focus on the typical microfluidic devices and their functions on cell sorting and separation based on the cells' behaviors of deformation and adhesion.


Objective:To investigate the ideal transplantation material in tympanoplasty. Methoda:Tympano-ossicular allografts were nipped,then disposed and preserved.Cases with chronic suppurative otitis media were removed nidus,and then grafted whole or part of tympano-ossicular allografts in tympanoplasty according to the condition of structural damage.Results:Thirty-one ears were treated by this method, four of the cases perforated after surgery,one incus was prolapsed because of the perforation of tympanic membrane .25 ears′ hearing enhanced more than 25 dB,19 ears′ difference between air conduction and bone conduction was no more than 20dB. Conclusions:Tympano-ossicular allografts in tympanoplasty can enhance auditus.


Zeolite modified with NaCl solution by means of soaking was used to treat groundwater micro-polluted with original iron and manganese for adsorbent and filter material by jar test and filtration test.The adsorption and filtration effect of zeolite modified for iron,manganese,NH3-N and CODMn was improved significantly.Adsorption capacity of zeolite modified for iron,manganese,NH3-N and CODMn was severally 2.29 times,2.20 times,1.47 times and 1.58 times by natural zelite,with the test water for iron concentration 2.23 mg·L-1,menganese 2.16 mg·L-1,NH3-N 3.57mg·L-1 and CODMn 2.38 mg·L-1.Filtration effect was identity roughly with the adsorption effect by jar.Filtration effect by zeolite modified for NH3-N and CODMn was better than manganese sand especially for NH3-N with removal rate 48.58 percentage points higher.So adsorption and filtration effect by zeolite modified was more than natural zelite,and performance of zeolite modified to remove NH3-N and CODMn from the water was better than manganese sand.


Mishra, Ajay Kumar, editor. 2014. Pan Stanford Publishing. Hardcover. 292 pp. ISBN 978-9814463546.

Nanocomposites have broad applications in different areas such as biological sciences, drug delivery systems, wastewater treatment, and soil improvement. Nanocomposite structures provide large surface


The polishing dynamics play an important role at materialographic grinding and polishing. The dynamic conditions at a typical materialographic equipment set-up is examined, based on the speed and rotational direction of the grinding/ polishing disc and specimen holder. This is done mathematically and through experiments. It is shown that the optimal polishing conditions are when the disc and the specimen holder are rotating with the same speed in the same direction. Vectors indicating the speed at a given point of the sample surface are shown. At polishing comet tails and other artifacts can be developed at not optimal polishing dynamics. At grinding it can be an advantage to increase the speed of the disc to heighten the removal rate. Theoretically the disc and the specimen holder shall rotate with the same rpm, but it is shown that a small difference is necessary to avoid excessive wear of the disc surface.


Tuberculosis is granulomatous infectious disease. In its pathogenesis are involved various immunological reactions. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the initial levels of lysozyme as a representative of innate immune system and adenosine deaminase which is present in T lymphocytes and produce in the process of their maturation. Patients and methods: the study was performed on 81 patients, 45 with pulmonary TB (26 males and 19 females) and 36 patients ( 26 with malignant diseases of the lung and 12 patients with pneumonia ) as a control group. Results: the examination of the initial level of lysozyme showed statisticaly significant differences between TB patients and those with pneumonia ( p Conclusion: there are activation of innate immune system and T lymphocytes in patient with tuberculosis.


THE principal objects which I had in view in making the observations which form the subject of the report, were to examine more carefully the green blood component which I had discovered in the Annelids Siphonostoma and Sabella and to which I gave the name Chlorocruorin (Journal of Anatomy, Nov. 1867) and also to look further into the nature of the Chlorophyl-body which I had found by means of the spectroscope in Spongilla and in Hydra. I was also anxious to ascertain the distribution of Hoemoglobin in the animal kingdom.


Author : D. MANASA RANI Title of the thesis : BIO-FORTIFICATION OF RICE GRAIN THROUGH ZINC NUTRITION Major Advisor : Dr. CH.PULLA RAO Degree to which it is submitted : Master of Science in Agriculture Faculty : AGRICULTURE Department : AGRONOMY College : Agricultural College, Bapatla University : Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University Year of submission : 2013 A field experiment entitled "Bio-fortification of rice grain through zinc nutrition" was conducted on clay loam soil of the Agricultural College Farm, Bapatla during kharif 2012-13 to study the effect of zinc nutrition on rice grain fortification. The experiment consisted of three varieties (BPT 2231, MTU 1061, NLR 145) and six treatments viz., Recommended NPK only (T1), T1 + 10 t ha FYM (T2), T1 + 50 kg ZnSO4 ha as soil application (T3), T1 +10 t ha FYM+ 50 kg ZnSO4 ha as soil application (T4), T1 + 10 t ha FYM + 0.5 % ZnSO4 foliar spray at panicle initiation (PI) and heading stages (T5), T1 + 0.5 % ZnSO4 foliar spray at PI and heading stages (T6). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with Factorial Concept and replicated thrice. The findings of the experiment revealed that the growth parameters such as plant height, number of tillers m and drymatter production measured at different intervals were significantly influenced by varieties and treatments. However, interaction between varieties and treatments was not significant. Significantly taller plants were produced with MTU 1061 variety, whereas, higher drymatter accumulation, more number of tillers was with BPT 2231. There was a significant improvement in all the growth parameters viz., plant height, number of tillers m and drymatter production with 10 t ha FYM + 50 kg ZnSO4 ha as soil application (T4) at 30 and 60 DAT. But, at 90 DAT and at maturity significant improvement in all the growth parameters viz., plant height, number of tillers m and drymatter production with recommended NPK+10 t ha FYM + 0.5 % ZnSO4 foliar spray at PI and heading stages (T5). Days to 50% flowering and days to maturity were more for the variety BPT 2231. Among the various treatments, T5 (recommended NPK+10 t of FYM + Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages) took fewer days to attain 50% flowering and maturity. The maximum productive tillers m (203), highest number of total (173) and filled grains panicle (152), grain yield (5765 kg ha), straw yield (6966 kg ha) and harvest index (45.8) were observed with BPT 2231 whereas, maximum test weight (21.4g) was recorded with MTU 1061. Significant increase in yield attributing characters, grain and straw yields (5632 and 6967 kg ha, respectively), harvest index (46.8%) were observed with recommended NPK+10 t of FYM + Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages, which was however, comparable with Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages. Higher nitrogen (140.6 kg ha), phosphorus (16.8 kg ha), potassium (67 kg ha) and zinc uptake (1027.1 g ha) were observed with the variety, BPT 2231. Significant increase in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and zinc uptake (132.7, 14.7, 62.2 and 0.96 kg ha, respectively) was recorded with recommended NPK+10 t of FYM + Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages, which was however, comparable with Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages. The variety, BPT 2231 recorded more zinc content in grain and straw compared to other varieties. The maximum Zn content in grain and straw (41.30 ppm and 137 ppm, respectively) was recorded with T5 (10 t of FYM + Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages), which was on a par with T6 (Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages). Significantly better quality parameters of rice grain such as hulling per cent, milling per cent, head rice recovery, protein content, volume expansion ratio were observed with the variety, MTU 1061, whereas, amylose content was more with the variety BPT 2231 and recommended NPK+10 t of FYM + Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages (T5), which was however, comparable with Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages (T6). However, interaction between varieties and treatments was non significant. The highest gross returns, net returns and return per rupee investment were registered with the variety, BPT 2231. Among the different treatments, the highest gross returns (Rs.81,665) were obtained with T5 (recommended NPK+10 t of FYM + Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages) while, the net returns (Rs.54, 180) and returns per rupee investment were maximum (Rs.2.14) with T6 (recommended NPK+Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice at PI and heading stages). From the present investigation, it can be concluded that under clay loam soils of Bapatla, BPT 2231 performed better in giving the maximum yield, net returns and returns per rupee investment. Quality characteristics of MTU 1061 manifested supremacy over NLR 145 and BPT 2231. Application of 10 t of FYM along with Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice (PI and heading stages) and Zn 0.5% foliar spray twice (PI and heading stages) were found to be better, which resulted in higher productivity, better economic returns, improved quality characteristics and higher content of nutrients (N, P, K and Zn) in rice grain. Chapter


Channel confluences are of considerable importance in river engineering and some hydraulic structures. Their flow structures have a great impact on measurement results, erosion, sediment transport and pollutant dispersion in confluence regions. A three-dimensional side discharge into a cross channel flow is simulated by a computational fluid dynamic software based Reynolds Stress Model (RSM). Effects of the discharge ratios (upstream discharge/combined discharge) on the size of the velocity fields upstream of junctions and the recirculation zone are also investigated in detail. The correlation formulas for recirculation length and width depending on discharge ratio for a junction of 30 degrees are proposed.


This article reviews the development of lithography technology and photoresists as well as their molecular structure for 193 nm and extreme ultravioletlithography(EUVL,the next generation lithography).Especially,we describe the recent research and development of EUV photoresists in detail for the purpose of being conducive to the domestic research on advanced photoresists.


The magnetic ordering behavior of correlated f‐electron systems varies widely. With regard to the value of the ordered moments, there are systems of saturated moment (e.g., CeSb), of moment somewhat reduced from the saturated value (e.g., UTe), of very small moment (e.g., UPt3) and of no moment at all (e.g., CeCu2Si2). We show that such wide diversity in magnetic ordering is a manifestation of the competition between (1) hybridization and exchange interaction and (2) localization and itinerancy. By analyzing these effects, we develop a theory which organizes the diverse magnetic behavior into a unified picture describable through one model Hamiltonian. An important feature of this analysis is that we recognize and treat the effect of band‐f Coulomb exchange simultaneously with that of band‐f hybridization. Rather than adopting the standard analysis using the ''Kondo resonance''–''Kondo compensation'' concept, the development of this theory offers a new approach to treat the correlated f‐electron state. The present theory naturally leads to a nonmagnetic singlet ''Kondo state'' which is one of the possible states, along with other magnetic states which the system could be in, when the conditions determining the state of the system favor that choice. The f orbital motions and spin‐orbital coupling are given full consideration in the theory.


Laboratory experiments were carried out to determine the effect of pretreatment of seeds of two hybrids of maize (Zea mays L.) with Reglalg and subsequent exposure to heat stress (HS) of 50°C for 30 min on seed germination, seedling growth and assessment of translocation of endosperm reserve substances for these processes. The results showed a positive effect of Reglalg on seed germination and seedling growth parameters, which were affected by HS conditions. The use of Reglalg to treat the seeds of maize hybrids before expose to HS, had a beneficial effect on the formation of seedling biomass due to an increase in the mass of endosperm translocated from seeds to these processes under the conditions of stress. Also, the use of Reglalg in seed pretreatment favored the decrease in endosperm mass consumed for cellular metabolism respiration under HS.


This essay sheds new light on the spirituality and historical significance of the influential and controversial Dominican friar Battista Carioni da Crema (c.1460–1534). A popular spiritual writer, charismatic founder of devout associations such as the Barnabites, and a spiritual director of several well-known Catholic figures, including Gaetano Thiene, Battista's significance has not yet been fully acknowledged. The essay considers his spirituality in the framework of reforming movements emerging in Italy in the first half of the sixteenth century. In dialogue with previous interpretations of Battista, the essay provides a novel and systematic analysis of his notion of perfection and concept of the Church. Synthesising ascetic and mystic spiritual influences rooted in the monastic and humanist culture of the fifteenth century, Battista presented a distinctive view of Christian life, which included an ecclesiological perspective and a new geography of the sacred. Defined as the 'third life' and conceived in a period of religious fluidity, it neither fitted emerging Lutheran ideas nor the orthodox Catholicism of the Roman Church. In addition, the essay argues that Battista's proselytism can be seen as an attempt to reform society which preceded proposals for religious reform made by groups such as the Spirituali.


Abstract The validity of model-predicted amino acid requirements was tested in pullets at steady state of production and in others during the onset of egg production. The inefficiency of amino acid transfer into egg protein was demonstrated by feeding a diet based on the simple sum of requirements for maintenance and weight gain with the total output of amino acids in the egg divided by the absorption coefficient. This diet did not support the original target production; the egg mass obtained equalled the one predicted by Model B (Hurwitz and Bornstein, 1973) which assumes an inefficiency in production of some of the egg white proteins. It was further shown that diets formulated on the basis of Model B requirements with the proper target function supported production close to the genetic capacity under the experimental conditions. Model B, although predicting requirements lower than present practice, was found to overestimate the valine requirement, probably due to the use of an excessive value for maintenance requirement of this amino acid. During early production, diets based on Model B calculated for the period of full egg production are not adequate to provide amino acids for maximum productivity due to a low feed intake. Accordingly, the feeding schedule suggested on the basis of the present study includes a diet relatively rich in amino acids for the first two months of egg production (layer-starter) followed by a Model B diet designed to meet the genetic capacity of production.


The first delivery for a mother (primigravida) is one of the crisis in his life. On First childbirth often arises anxiety approaching labor mothers with primigravida. Mother pregnant which experience worry During pregnancy will increase risk imbalance mother's emotions after giving birth. Anxiety that occurs continuously in pregnant women have an impact on the baby and pregnant women such as placental abruption, weight low birth weight, the risk of delays in fetal motor and mental development, colic on baby new born and prematurity. Study this aim for determine the effect of providing health education about childbirth on third trimester primigravida anxiety. This quasi-experimental research uses pre and post test method without control with purposive sampling technique conducted on 17 mother pregnant primigravida trimester III in Aek Haruaya Village, Portibi District, North Padang Lawas Regency in 2022. Anxiety was measured using the HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) questionnaire. The results showed that there was a decrease in anxiety scores between before and after treatment ( p = 0.000). So that could concluded that gift health education about childbirth with the lecture method can reduce Anxiety of third trimester primigravida pregnant women in the face of childbirth.


So what's holding your organization back from implementing financial cloud applications? You, or others on your team, may be hung up on some long-standing myths about cloud computing. This article will address some of the more prevalent myths and fears and bring some "reality therapy" to this process. It will also try to provide a better understanding of the variety of cloud options available to bring some clarity to the analysis and decision process associated with implementing financial cloud applications. This process will include both a checklist of the essential risk-mitigating questions to ask, and a quiz to determine how "cloud ready" your Finance organization is today. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


In this study, it starts to plan speed unmanned ground vehicle is stabilized in accordance with the state of the road surface. Through the interlocking speed control system that utilizes a slip ratio of the tire becomes unmanned ground vehicles, and accessed. After confirming the state of the road surface or wet road surface was dry, it was planned speed. The experimental results to determine the state of the road surface or wet road surface and dry tire slip ratio, it was definitely velocity control.


Using synthetic urban catchments, represented by a distributed nonlinear rainfall-runoff model, the effects of storm velocity on the runoff hydrograph are quantified for different catchment areas and response parameters. Results are considered in comparison with equivalent stationary storms and the implications for current design practice are examined.


Radial block copolymers are blended with additional polymeric materials to form rubber-like plastic compositions having high elastic and reseal properties so that they can be utilized as a rubber replacement in the fabrication of resealable injecton sites in intravenous administration equipment and stoppers for containers where resealability after puncture is also a desirable property.


Abstract Field‐based teacher education programs are part of a growing trend in education to provide long‐term classroom teaching experience and acculturation to the school environment as part of the certification process. This article reports on a study of stages of teacher development across ½ years of full‐time teaching as teacher candidates work to complete coursework in fulfillment of a masters of education program. Beginning teachers completed a Teachers Concerns Checklist at six points in the program. Factor analysis and ANOVA were utilized to develop a chronology of stages across these years to inform programmatic development. Findings suggest reduced concerns for classroom management as full‐time teaching begins and increased concerns for delivery of instruction as teachers are immersed in full‐time teaching. Strong concerns for professional development emerge only after a full year of teaching. Implications for the academic program, supervision, and future research are discussed


When we examine recent discussions about this fragment from the first book of the Bellum Poenicum (19 Morel, 44–6 Warmington, 7 Marmorale), we find an agreement such as otherwise is rare in classical studies. In many countries many scholars, old and young, have adopted Hermann Fränkel's view (Hermes LXX, 1935, 59 ff.) that the passage was inspired by certain sculptures which Naevius had seen at the temple of Zeus Olympios at Acragas. But whereas Fränkel himself drew only cautious conclusions (he assigned the fragment to the story of Aeneas and considered more than one possible way in which it might be connected with that story), several among his followers jumped to the history of the year 262 B.C. and used the fragment as a cornerstone for the reconstruction of the main narrative of the Bellum Poenicum.


Indigofera tinctoria Linn. and Baphicacanthus cusia Brem. are the plants which have been used as natural source of indigo dye and are available in Northern part of Thailand. In this study we carried out methods to find the optimum condition for effective extraction of indigo from the leaves of Indigofera tinctoria Linn. and Baphicacanthus cusia Brem. and investigated chemical constituents including the chemical structure of major components in the water extract from both kinds of plant to develop the extraction method for preparation of ready-to-use natural dyes. It was found that by cutting raw material to small pieces and put into cotton bag before soaking in water for 24 hrs could decrease unpleasant smell and it was easy to get rid of waste. The indigo from fresh Baphicacanthus cusia Brem. fermented for 24 hrs gave the highest amount of indigo (0.005 g/g fresh leaves). Separation of the crude extract by Thin Layer Chromatrography (TLC) using chloroform-hexane-methanol (7:4:1 v/v/v) as solvent system gave two major pigments of blue and red colour which had Rf values of 0.69 and 0.49, respectively. The Rf value, the maximum absorption from UV-Visible spectroscopy and infrared spectrum of blue colour pigment were the same as those of the indigo standard. Moreover, the red pigment extracted from Baphicacanthus cusia Brem. was purified and analysed by UV-Visible spectroscopy, mass spectrum 13C NMR and 1H NMR and showed that it had chemical formula of C16H10N2O2 and chemical structure as indirubin and it was used as indirubin standard. The red pigment from Indigofera tinctoria Linn. was also purified and gave the same Rf value, UV-Visible absorption and IR spectrum as the indirubin standard. Both blue and red pigment could dissolve in chloroform whereas only red pigment could dissolve in methanol. Separation method of the blue and red pigment from the crude extract would be developed to get the powder of the red and blue pigments which could be used to prepare the ready-to-use natural dyes.


Chronic calcific pancreatitis of the tropics (CCPT), is an irrevasifee intinflammatory disease charactered by fibrosis and progressive destruction of exocrine and endocrine functions. This disease is quite rax is north india. We report a case of CCPT from north india who on X-ray abdomen shooed calcification in the pancreatic area and ultrasound adbemen revealed chromic pancuatit its with calculi in the pancuatic duet with pancreatic duet dilatation.


This paper offers a solution to two problems facing Australian journalism: the declining numbers working in newsrooms on investigative journalism and the shortage of specific and up to date curriculum materials about investigative journalism. These problems create an opportunity for universities not only to improve teaching of journalism but for them to play a greater role in providing the public with the fruits of investigative journalism projects. This paper examines the various models for producing investigative journalism within university settings. It explores collaborations with industry partners and the various forms of selfpublishing undertaken by journalism courses. It asks which forms of association with industry work well and which forms of investigative journalism best suit such collaborations. It assesses recent examples in which industry partners work alongside journalism students oninvestigative projects. Several universities have created their own print outlets for investigative journalism and the proliferation of digital platforms has made self-publishing more accessible. This paper asks how worthwhile these stories are if they are limited to university rather than mainstream or independent publications. The paper proposes a newapproach to industry-academy collaborative investigative journalism and the creation of a new model that draws on the successes and failures of existing and previous ones so that universities can better realise their potential in this field and so that student learning can be enhanced while audiences are better served.


In the course of the work, it was established that the best vectorization method for the modern Ukrainian everyday language is the TextRank method. It is proposed an approach for building a classifier based on SVM, which allows classifying web content of everyday Ukrainian language. The proposed approach's effectiveness was investigated using the following metrics: precision, recall, F1-norm, and confusion matrix. The classifier showed high efficiency by all metrics, with an accuracy of over 99%. The research was conducted on sets of Ukrainian-language texts of two categories, each of which had more than 200 texts, with a length of about 500 words. The conducted research provides an opportunity to use the proposed approach to classify modern everyday Ukrainian language to solve problems of textual content analysis and its classification by various features. The study results can be used to address socially significant issues: detecting bullying in social networks, detecting negative emotional content, and warning users about possible harmful content.


The formation of a differentiated structure of the arable horizon during the pre-sowing processing of the grant is a relevant task that can be solved by designing appropriate soil-processing technical means.
A scientific hypothesis has been put forward, according to which increasing the efficiency of the process of forming a differentiated structure of the arable horizon can be achieved by improving the design and substantiating the structural and technological parameters of the tillage module for pre-sowing tillage. Numerical simulation was carried out in the Simcenter STAR-CCM+ software package using the Lagrangian multiphase model employing the discrete element method. Calculation of second-order regression equations and statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out in the Wolfram Cloud software package.
As a result of the simulation of the improved design of the tillage module, which includes one drum, plowshare, casing, and cleaner, it was found that it performs the operation of separation and redistribution of soil aggregates with almost the same efficiency as the basic design with 2 drums and plowshare.
As a result of the simulation of the work process of the improved tillage module, regression equations of the content of the 10–30 mm fraction in the 0–4 cm soil layer and the content of the 0–10 mm fraction in the 4–8 cm soil layer from the research factors were obtained. The chosen factors of influence were a casing outlet clearance, casing inlet clearance angle, cleaner inclination angle, drum rotation frequency, unit movement speed, and processing depth. Solving the problem of multi-criteria optimization, the rational structural and technological parameters of the tillage module for pre-sowing tillage were calculated


During orthodontic treatment, the early response of periodontal tissues to mechanical stress involves several metabolic changes that allow tooth movement. The aim of the present study was to determine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) levels in GCF in tooth early levelling movement orthodontic treatment. Seventeen patients, 8 female and 9 male individuals (aged: 16-20 years; mean 18.2 ± 1.4 years), participated in this study. Each subject underwent a session of professional oral hygiene and received oral hygiene instructions. Three months later, a fixed orthodontic appliance was placed. The patients were seen at baseline and between 1-7 days levelling of the teeth. The concentration of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 were shown in Tables 1. There were statistical differences between the observations at the 1-2 day of levelling for TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8 (p<.05). Orthodontic forced induces rapid release of the TNF-α, 1L-1β and IL 8 levels during tooth movement in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The results of this study support the hypothesis that proinflammatory cytokines play a potent role in bone resorption after the application of orthodontic force in short time. (J Int Dent Med Res 2010; 3: (3), pp. 116-121)


Abstract This thesis explores the prison-to-community transition experience after short-term incarceration, from the perspective of men with co-occurring mental illness and substance use disorder in Queensland, Australia. A specific focus was to examine the impact of systems and structures on the individual experience of transition. Prior research has established that people with co-occurring mental illness and substance use are overrepresented in the Australian prisoner population. It is also known that transition from prison to community for the general custodial population is a time of vulnerability, with increased risk of substance use, homelessness, unemployment, reincarceration and post-release death. All of these risks are compounded for prisoners with co-occurring disorders who are also at risk of a range of poor criminal justice outcomes and losing contact with mental health services after release. Review of the literature indicates a tendency for research to focus on recidivism as an outcome and emphasise either individual risk behaviour or social and structural factors influencing prison-to-community transition. Interventions during transition for the current population have traditionally been based on the criminalisation hypothesis, with a focus on increased provision of mental health services in prison and an emphasis on continuity of care in the community. There is a growing recognition in the international literature that the issues are much broader than mental illness; however, there is a lack of clarity as to how to respond to the complex needs of this population. Research exploring the perspective of men with co-occurring severe mental illness and substance use disorder during their prison-to-community transition experience has rarely been undertaken. The conceptual framework developed for this study shifts the emphasis away from recidivism towards recovery and wellbeing through a lens of individual action, but only in the context of the potential for systems and structures to impact on the ability of individuals to exercise agency. A qualitative method was used comprising repeat in-depth interviews with 18 men: within 1 month prior to leaving prison, within 2 weeks post-release and at 3 months post-release. Three themes characterised the transition experience of participants: "hoping against hope"; "adrift in freedom"; and "the slippery slope". Participants reported leaving the predictable and routine life in prison where they hoped for a better life after release, to an uncertain, unstable and isolated environment in the community, eventually sliding into drug use, chaos and despair. The risk environment framework (Rhodes, 2009) and structuration theory (Giddens, 1984) were employed to understand how participants were caught in a complex dynamic between their individual risk behaviour and broader structural risk


In recent studies1,2 our attention has been focused on the investigation of the ability of the phthalate dianion (phth) to support long-range ferromagnetic interactions. It was shown that the variations in ωsthe angle between the planes of the two carboxylato groups of each phthalato intervening bridgescould play a significant role on the magnetic behavior of the complex. Moreover, it is well-known that, copper(II)phthalato complexes have been of considerable structural interest.3,4 To the best of our knowledge, however, it has been found that in almost all cases the phthalate dianion acts as a bridging ligand from both its carboxylate groups. As a consequence, almost all CuII-phthalato complexes are chain or layer-type polymers in which the phth dianion bridges the Cu ions. There has been only one case4h in which phth dianions do not act as bridging ligands, since they are involved in the discrete [Cu(phthalato)2(H2O)2] moieties, as well as another one in which they afford discrete dimeric molecules.5 However, as far as we are aware, the magnetic properties of none of the previous complexes have yet been studied, despite the fact that the transition metal coordination polymers have been the subject of intense research in the last few decades.6 Moreover, major advances have been made in both their theoretical description and their applications as new materials. Therefore, we thought it was advisable to further explore this very interesting class of compounds. To accomplish thissand contrary to previous experiments which used diethylenetriamine (dien) in the presence of the potential ligand ClO4, yielding a strongly ferromagnetically coupled complex1sdien in the presence of a less potential ligand than phth, namely CH3COO, has been used. Again we were pleased to realize that this experimental approach does work. Hence, we report herein on the synthesis, crystal structure, and interpretation of the magnetic behavior of the onedimensional, polymeric [Cu(μ-phth)(dien)]'0.5CH3OH, (1) complex in which each phth dianion bridges the CuII ions through one of its two carboxylate groups only while its second carboxylate group remains pendant. The key point here is that 1 constitutes the first example of a chain molecule in which neither the benzene ring nor the second carboxylato group of the phth bridging dianion is involved in the intrachain magnetic exchange pathway; the second carboxylato group, however, is involved in the interchain one.


Abstract : Human factors literature that describes pilot response characteristics when confronted with aircraft warning, caution, and advisory signals was reviewed. The review covered visual, aural (sounds and voice), tactile, and bimodal alerts. Data obtained therefrom were categorized into (1) non-aircraft-related test results, (2) aircraft-related test results, and (3) military standards/design guidelines so as to establish the applicability of the data and to identify technical areas in which more human factors data relevant to aircraft-alerting systems may be required. Summaries of the literature for (1) factors that affect signal detection, and (2) factors that affect time from detection to response are provided. The results of the review were used to establish preliminary design guidelines for alerting systems in future commercial transport aircraft. (Author)


Learning behaviours of variable-structure stochastic automata operating in a nonstationary multiteacher environment are considered. As an extended form of the GAE reinforcement scheme, the MGAE scheme is proposed as a reinforcement scheme for a multiteacher environment from which stochastic automata receive responses having arbitrary numbers between 0 and 1. It is shown that the MGAE scheme is ϵ-optimal in the nonstationary multiteacher environment.


Quasi-ellipsoidal gear drive is suitable for the precise flexible joint of robot,but some meshing problems of this transmission are rarely involved in the related papers.According to the two-parameter conjugate surface theory, this article studies on the induction normal curvature and critical curves, the method of analysis is efficient for not only the quasi-ellipsoidal gear drive but also the other types of spatial gear drive.


A simple bipolar monolithic reference voltage source is described. The design uses a bandgap cell as the reference for a series regulator to produce a voltage level that is tolerant of temperature, supply, and loading variations. The circuit consumes very little power and occupies minimal chip area. Laser trim provisions are included for on-chip adjustment.<<ETX>>


In the near future Bluetooth will be embedded into many different types of mobile and portable devices. Initially this will provide simple wire replacement functions for applications such as hands-free headsets for cellular radio. However, this will also enable future picocellular services such as real-time voice and data. There are many possible applications for this such as telephone lounges in airports, shopping malls and other public places. We consider several Bluetooth-based telephony basestation (BS) designs. Since the number of SCO links per Bluetooth node is very limited, the designs consider the use of multiple overlapping Bluetooth basestations/chips. The first scheme is a direct implementation of the telephony profile where the Bluetooth basestations operate independently, without any coordination. When a mobile comes within range of the system, it associates with a basestation using the normal inquiry/page process. The second scheme, BBSM (Bluetooth basestation with migration), reduces the probability of blocking by having mobile nodes re-associate with available basestations when their current basestation is about to become blocked by SCO links. This improves the performance of the system from a blocking standpoint, but can be very spectrally wasteful. The third design, BBSS (Bluetooth basestation with standby), further improves blocking performance and decreases the wasteful effects of "node migration storms" which can occur in BBSM. We also include results for a design which uses ACL-based voice links. This scheme gives the best performance but has the disadvantage that more complex vocoding is required.


Social media and sport research has produced a significant corpus of academic literature. This work has enhanced our understanding of the influence of social media in various areas of the sport industry. This work, however, has often glamorized social media and its benefits, leading to a normalization about social media that obscures its negative effects and impacts in sport. This commentary reflects on how social media and sport research has evolved over time and calls for more consideration to be given to critical approaches to social media research that look beyond analysis of social media content. The commentary specifically addresses areas of inquiry around athlete welfare and social media, social media and young athletes, and social media professionals and their work environment. The commentary aims to encourage more critical perspectives related to social media that will enhance the inclusivity of the social media and sport literature.


This thesis entitled Citation analysis of Articles in "Visi Pustaka Vol. 12, 2010 – Vol. 15, 2013" Magazine. The purpose of this research is to know who is author that most often cited, what literary form which often cited and how much the level of half life level of literature in the writing of the article "Visi PustakaVol. 12, 2010 – Vol. 15, 2013" Magazine. The research used quantitative method using citation analysis. The sample in this study are 79 articles with total citations is 855. Data analysis technique in this research include the preparation, tabulation, application, data presentation and conclusion. Conclusions from the research is the most frequently author cited is Sulistyo-Basuki with the number of citation 14 times withdetails in 2010 about 1 time citation in 2011, 3 times citation in 2012, and 8 times citation in 2013 2 times citation and there are 13 authors who do self-citation in 15 articles, which two author who did self-citation to two articles they wrote, namely Sulistyo-Basuki and Yaniasih.What is meant byself-citation isthe articlethatthe authorciteshis own writings. Then the form of the literature that the most frequently used is a textbook that cited 308 times with percentages of 36.02% from the total citations where the most cited book publications that published in 2006, 2007 and 2008 with each citation 26 times, and the value of obsolescence literature documents used in writing articles is 7 years. Obstacles encountered research is the presence of several of references that are incomplete, there are 96 citations that do not include name of author and 89 citations that do not include year published, and the differences in writing style of citation


Neonatal hypoxia–ischemia (H/I) results in gray and white matter injury, characterized by neuronal loss, failure of neural network formation, retarded myelin formation, and abnormal accumulation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). These changes lead to severe neurological deficits and mortality. Sublethal hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) can protect the developing brain against H/I. However, limited evidence is available concerning its effect on white matter injury.


o C and pH 7.5. The CD spectra of PsbS show that the conformational changes of the protein were strongly dependent on pH conditions. The CD curve for PsbS at pH 10.5 curve had the deepest negative peak and the peak of PsbS at pH 4.5 was the least negative. The fluorescence emission spectrum of the purified PsbS protein was also measured, and the λmax was found to be at 328 nm. PsbS revealed some structural changes under varying temperature and oxygen gas condition.