How do people look at sites and places and perceive details? Studies are referred dealing with the looking behaviour of cyclists, under the assumption that the method used could also be applied for assessing looking behaviour of tourists and to learn more about risks for cyclists. In the frame of a naturalistic cycling study in Austria, among others, a method should be developed that would help to find out where bicyclists direct their visual attention on their ways. Use was made of mobile eye tracking glasses. Results will be shown of the development work that demonstrate that points of interest can be identified via the detection of gaze plots of samples of cyclists. No technology helps to register what is perceived by peripheral vision which would give a more complete picture of reality. Any technological method that today registers where cyclists, or customers, or visitors direct their attention to has to be completed with verbal data from interviews, questionnaires, etc. in order to assure themselves of what really has been perceived.


The study of international migrants reveals processes of political resocialization that include translation, expansion, and replacement of prior political learning. This paper demonstrates that American party identification influences the political adaptation of American migrants in Australia by affecting both whether or not they adopt an Australian party identification and the particular parties they select. However, political ideology is an even more important factor in selecting a new party identification and, in particular, leads some American Democrats to choose a more conservative party, and some American Republicans a more liberal one, in Australia. People who were weak partisans in the United States are more likely than others to relinquish their American partisanship once in Australia. Over and above these individual-level variables, the political environment is also influential: migrants tend to favor parties that have been electorally more successful in the Australian state in which they live. These and other findings suggest that both American partisanship and overall political ideology play key roles in helping migrants to adapt politically to their new environments, and that new political learning is generally dependent upon previously established political attitudes. Nevertheless, migrants' political adaptation is also affected by the political context of the new residence.


BACKGROUND
The Maintenance in Colorectal Cancer trial was a phase III study to assess maintenance therapy with single-agent bevacizumab versus bevacizumab plus chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. An ancillary study was conducted to evaluate the circulating tumor cell (CTC) count as a prognostic and/or predictive marker for efficacy endpoints.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
One hundred eighty patients were included. Blood samples were obtained at baseline and after three cycles. CTC enumeration was carried out using the CellSearch® System (Veridex LLC, Raritan, NJ). Computed tomography scans were performed at cycle 3 and 6 and every 12 weeks thereafter for tumor response assessment.

RESULTS
The median progression-free survival (PFS) interval for patients with a CTC count ≥3 at baseline was 7.8 months, versus the 12.0 months achieved by patients with a CTC count <3 (p = .0002). The median overall survival (OS) time was 17.7 months for patients with a CTC count ≥3, compared with 25.1 months for patients with a lower count (p = .0059). After three cycles, the median PFS interval for patients with a low CTC count was 10.8 months, significantly longer than the 7.5 months for patients with a high CTC count (p = .005). The median OS time for patients with a CTC count <3 was significantly longer than for patients with a CTC count ≥3, 25.1 months versus 16.2 months, respectively (p = .0095).

CONCLUSIONS
The CTC count is a strong prognostic factor for PFS and OS outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer patients.


The spruce bark beetle Ips typographus is an economically important forest pest, as Norway spruce is one of the main tree species in Swedish forestry. Availability of breeding substrate after stormfelling increases the risk of attacks on living trees. Millions of trees have been killed by I. typographus during large outbreaks. The spruce bark beetle may become a more severe problem in the future, as in warmer climate one may expect that two generations per year becomes more commonplace in Sweden. Ecosystem modelling is a useful tool for analysing the interaction between relevant factors, leading to highlighting strategically important questions regarding different aims and goals of forestry, such as production, economy, biodiversity and social values. As a part of the Mistra-SWECIA forest case study, we have simulated the impact of climate change on forest predisposition to storm damage in relation to a range of forest management options. This has been related to windload assessments and climate dependent risk for subsequent spruce bark beetle attacks.


Enlargement of prostate, which affects 50% of men aged 60 and 90% of men by age 80, is commonly referred to as benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) (Russell & Wilson, 1994). BPH is a slow, progressive enlargement of the fibromuscular and epithelial structures of the prostate gland (Cristoni et al., 2000). Substantial evidence indicates that the androgens testosterone (T) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) contribute to the production of BPH (Lowe et al., 2003). The principal serum androgen T is converted by 5alpha-reductase (5aR) to DHT. DHT binds to androgen receptor (AR) in the prostate, where it initiates DNA synthesis (Marks, 2004). This action, in turn induces protein synthesis and abnormal growth of prostate. Current clinical evidence indicates that either the inhibition of 5aR or the inhibition of the binding of DHT to AR reverses the symptoms of BPH in human males. The effective drugs, finasteride as a 5aR inhibitor and flutamide as a binding inhibitor to AR are utiliezed clinically for treatment of BPH. Alternatively functional foods are eclectic selection as dietary approaches to prevent BPH in middle-aged men. Natural products are frequently used to care BPH in preference to therapeutic agents that can cause severe sideeffects. Plant extracts such as the lipid extracts of saw palmetto berry extract (SPE) have also been found to reduce the conversion of testosterone (T) to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by inhibiting 5alpha-reductase (5aR) both in vitro and in vivo (Elliot, 2001). However, few products of natural origin besides SPE are believed to be effective against enlargement of the prostate. The scientifically-proven food materials are expected to be of benefit for prevention of BPH. In our preliminary study, the suppressive effects of natural food materials have been found in BHT model mice. We introduce here the suppressive effects against BHT of two materials, i.e., "banana peel" and "leaf of Houttuynia cordata". The effects of these materials in the androgen-responsive LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line and in effects of BHT model mice were examined. These data presented here demonstrate that these materials inhibit the growth of the prostate and HCE has anti-androgenic activity.


(1) His recognition that sustainability includes concerns not only for ecological integrity but also for social and economic justice and for nonviolence, democracy, and peace match the impulses of many prophetically minded religious people. For example, the Sixteen Principles of the Earth Charter (www.earthcharter. org) offer four basic values for the future: respect and care for the community of life; ecological integrity; social and economic justice; and nonviolence, democracy, and peace. Its 16 principles elucidate these four values. Whereas narrower definitions limit sustainability to ecological integrity, David Orr consistently emphasizes all four values. Hence he distinguishes between environmentalism, which so often focuses only on ecological integrity, and the sustainability movement, which is more holistic and inclusive. (2) His attention to questions of design, and of the role of beauty in design, speak to those with sacramental sensibilities who have always aligned spirituality with beauty. (3) His recognition that there is, and ought to be, a spiritual center to the sustainability movement rings true to all who are concerned with religion. I write in response to this latter theme.


The EM algorithm is the basic approach used to maximize the log likelihood objective function for the reconstruc- tion problem in PET. The EM algorithm is a scaled steepest ascent algorithm that elegantly handles the nonnegativity con- straints of the problem. We show that the same scaled steepest descent algorithm can be applied to the least squares merit function, and that it can be accelerated using the conjugate gradient approach. Our experiments suggest that one can cut the computation by about a factor of 3 by using this technique. Our results also apply to various penalized least squares functions which might be used to produce a smoother image.


The theoretical foundations in the research of institutional support of mechanisms of state regulation of recreational sphere development are systematized and specified. Attention is drawn to the fact that the institutional support of the recreation sector is shaped by state and non-governmental organizational structures created at different levels of the mechanism and implementing their decisions through the methods of public administration in the recreational sphere within their powers. There are close subordination, coordination and coordination relationships between these organizational structures. The analysis of the functional purpose of the main institutional actors in the recreational sphere is carried out. The problematic issues of the current state of institutional provision of mechanisms of state regulation of the recreational sphere development in Ukraine are determined. It is noted that the complexity of its regulation lies in the fact that in Ukraine there is not a clear, unified system of state regulation of the recreational sphere, and therefore certain aspects of it in our state are now under the control of many state bodies (ministries, services, agencies).


This study is concentrated on the influence of the pile end soil on the torsional vibration of a pile based on the fictitious soil pile model considering the stress diffusion. The pile end soil is simulated as a cone-shaped fictitious soil pile whose parameters still remain the same with the soil. The dynamic equilibrium equations for the pile–soil system subjected to torsional dynamic loadings are developed and are solved to obtain the corresponding analytical solution. Then, comparisons with other solutions are conducted to verify the reliability of the proposed solution. Finally, parametric analysis results are presented based on the proposed solution to portray the influence of the stress diffusion angle, thickness and shear wave velocity of the pile end soil.


~tNATURE IS NOT SATISFIED with her works, and desires to make a perfect man . ."1 Here is the subject of the long Latin poem entitled Anticlaudianus by the twelfth-century poet Alan of Lille. The plot, as it were, concerns Nature's formation of the body, Prudence's journey to Heaven to request a soul from God, the uniting of body and soul by Concord, and the bestowing of their gifts upon the newly-created man by the Virtues and the Arts.


Experiments were designed and implemented to evaluate yield, its components and quality determinations of two maize varieties (Hi-tech 2031 and Fine seeds 101) under six planting directions (NorthSouth (N-S), East-West (E-W), North.Eastern (N.E), North.Western (N.W), Perpendicular (Perp.) and Circular (Circ.). Two field experiments were carried out at the Experimental Research station, Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor, Benha University, Kalubia Governorate during two summer growing seasons (2013 and 2014). Results could be concluded as follows: The two growing seasons showed significant differences in yield and its components for the two maize varieties (Hi-tech 2031 and Fine seeds 101). Whereas, Hi-tech 2031was superior crop as compared to Fine seeds 101 variety in grain yield, stover yield, cob yield, ear weight, ear diameter, ear length, number of kernels/ row, plant height, ear height and CP content of grain. Meanwhile, Fine seeds 101 variety was the superior crop in number of rows/ear, seed index, shelling percentage and light radiation intensity within plant canopy with significant differences of various magnitudes. Regarding planting directions, data showed that the Circular direction was superior in grain yield, stover yield, ear weight, ear diameter, ear length, number of rows/ear, number of kernels/ row, shelling percentage and light radiation intensity with significant differences magnitudes. Meanwhile, the tallest plants were obtained when using North-South direction. Meanwhile, highest seed index produced from East-West direction. Moreover, the superior CP content and ear height were noticed for the perpendicular direction.


A CMOS current-input current-output binary hysteresis circuit is presented. The two switching values for output current to swing from high to low, and from low to high are controlled externally and independently by two current sources. Also, the output high and low is controlled independently by another two current sources. Therefore, this circuit has full external controls. Also, through the use of bi-directioned current mirrors, the operation range is extended to all the four quadrants of the input-output plane.


Switching from phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i) to Riociguat is associated with increased efficacy in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).

 To show clinical efficacy of replacing PDE5i to Riociguat in a portuguese PH-dedicated centre.

 Retrospective single-centre study of PAH and inoperable/persistent/recurrent CTEPH patients (pts) who switched vasodilator therapy. Parameters were stratified according to the 2022 PH guidelines and stratification as low/intermediate/high-risk PH followed the COMPERA registry, before switching, at 3–6 months of follow-up (FUP) and until the last clinical evaluation, balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA), heart transplant or death.

 Of 13 pts, 75.0% had CTEPH (4 pts had persistent disease after surgical endarterectomy), 16.7% had PAH and 1pt had mixed PAH/CTEPH. Mean age was 56.2 ± 16.3years and 83.3% were females. Mean time until switch was 33.5 ± 25.5 months. Previous therapy was: 33.3% Sildenafil, 41.7% Sildenafil/Bosentan and 25% Sildenafil/Bosentan/prostanoid. Before switching, 66.7% had intermediate and 33.3% low-risk PH; at a FUP of 4.4 ± 1.7 months, 8.3% had intermediate and 91.7% low-risk PH. There was a significant benefit in the COMPERA risk (1.50[1.33;1.62] vs. 1.22[1.09;1.40], P = 0.011). Long-term FUP was performed in 8 pts at 48.2 ± 35.6 months (death 1pt, transplant 1pt, BPA 3 pts). Medical treatment was Riociguat in 33.3%, Riociguat and Bosentan in 58.3%, and 1pt with Riociguat, Bosentan and Treprostinil. Clinical benefit was significant at long-term FUP when compared to the initial evaluation (1.22[1.09;1.40], P = 0.011), but not to the first FUP.

 This study corroborates previous evidence regarding the vasodilator switch and also suggests that the treatment goal is maintained throughout long-term FUP.


Summary The influence of one or more hormones on the intensity of milk secretion in rats has been determined by a method developed in this laboratory. Significant increases in milk yield have been observed. However, the litter weights of the control and experimental groups have been quite similar. In explanation of these observations, it has been suggested that when milk secretion is intense that the litters do not obtain all of the milk available due to the limited amount of oxytocin discharged and its short biological half-life. When 1 unit of oxytocin was injected at 6-hour intervals/day to enable the nursing young to obtain more of the available milk, the mean litter weight was increased 29 g, a highly significant increase of 13%. It was shown also that not all of the milk is removed at the regular hourly nursing period, by the removal of 7.33 g of milk when 1 unit of oxytocin was injected at nursing time compared to 1.7 g of milk without exogenous oxytocin.


Oasiscreen is the artist's extended conception of the mobility and sustainability of images under the concept of Image Field. Based on the operation and experimentation of images, the artist expands the scope of thinking to the sustainability and foundation of the existence of digital images in the real environment, and thus leads to the concept of "non-fixed and sustainable image installation".


The Silurian rocks of Cwm Graig Ddu consist mostly of blue and grey shales and mudstones, all of Ludlow age, the succession extending from the nilssoni Zone of the Lower Ludlow to the Holopella Grits and Shales at the top of the Upper Ludlow. They are overlain by the Tilestones of the Lower Downtonian. The rocks are exposed along the side of the Brecon road on the western side of the valley, in the cliffs at its head, and in the roadside quarries beyond its head. The succession, generally, closely resembles that of the Builth district, but differs in detail. The Lower Ludlow rocks contain many slumped bands which vary in thickness from several inches to many feet.


Hydrogels with different degrees of hydrophilicity and cross-link densities were synthesized starting from epoxy monomers and aliphatic amines. Their chemical cross-link density was varied by changing the functionality of monomers or the resin/hardener ratio. Physical cross-links were introduced by incorporating in the polymer network hydrophobic segments, which in aqueous media give hydrophobic interaction. It was shown that the swelling degree, thermosensitivity and mechanical properties of these hydrogels can be easily tailored by changing the concentration and relative amount of physical and chemical cross-links.Hydrogels with different degrees of hydrophilicity and cross-link densities were synthesized starting from epoxy monomers and aliphatic amines. Their chemical cross-link density was varied by changing the functionality of monomers or the resin/hardener ratio. Physical cross-links were introduced by incorporating in the polymer network hydrophobic segments, which in aqueous media give hydrophobic interaction. It was shown that the swelling degree, thermosensitivity and mechanical properties of these hydrogels can be easily tailored by changing the concentration and relative amount of physical and chemical cross-links.


This paper investigates the on-line processing of different types of intransitive verbs. It shows that the argument of all verb types is reactivated during processing. However the point of reactivation differs per verb type. In agentive verbs, which take a syntactic subject, and assign the agent-role, we find an early reactivation. In unaccusative verbs, which take a syntactic object and assign the theme-role, we find a late reactivation. Mixed verbs (such as sparkle), which take a syntactic subject but assign a theme-role, pattern with agentive verbs. This indicates that the point of reactivation of the argument depends on the syntactic position.


The exploitation of fisheries resources in the Suez Gulf (Fig. 1) has greatly contributed to the development of fisheries and national economy in Egypt; however, the status of fisheries resources and the ecosystem structure in the Gulf have substantially changed. The fisheries resources in the Suez Gulf are depicted and the ecosystem has largely changed; switching from large-size and high value demersal fisheries dominated ecosystem to an ecosystem dominated by small-size and low value pelagic fisheries (GAFRD, 2018). Recent studies showed that coastal and shelf cephalopod populations have increased globally over the last six decades. Although cephalopod landings are dominated by the squids, which represent about 80% of the world cephalopod catches, octopuses and cuttlefishes represent ∼10% each. Over the past three decades, the total reported global production of octopuses indicates a relatively steady increase in catch; ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article History: Received: Feb 20, 2021 Accepted: March 20, 2021 Online: March 23, 2021 _______________


The hookah is a new trend of young people between the ages of 20 and 30, always present at parties or on conversation wheels, using glycerinated tobacco for their smoke, also known as essence. Knowing the harms of tobacco, used as the main component of hookah, such as cancer and breathing problems, it can also contain other possible causes for diseases such as pathogenic microorganisms. Thus, despite the widespread popularization of this practice, there is still little research on it. Therefore, the objective of this work was to perform microbiological analysis of the components of the hookah in order to find bacteria of pathological origin or not. For this, the in vitro inoculation methodology was used in petri dish containing solidified agar. In case of bacterial growth, the microorganisms were isolated and subjected to identification by biochemical tests. E. coli, E. aerogenes, K. pneumoniae were found in the hookah pieces. Therefore good hygiene and other countermeasures are required for smokers to prevent infections.


I would like to compliment Drs Gobbel, Cann, and Fike for their continued efforts to extract quantitative cerebral blood flow information from computed tomography (CT)based technologies. Because CT continues to be a universally used first screening technology, efforts to expand the information obtained from the initial visit to the CT scanner are warranted. The ability to extract vital cerebral blood flow information from a 30-second high-speed CT study would seem desirable, but the high degree of variability reported in their article ( 1) suggests that this technique would become increasingly unreliable in an injury model. Although xenon-enhanced CT also has limitations, especially its sensitivity to motion during the 5-minute study time, it provides highly useful and stable information that is closely linked to function . Repeat studies at 20-minute intervals are useful in studying normal and abnormal cerebral physiology. As noted by Gobbel et al, early scanning sequences minimize the effects of flow activation which can be induced either by xenon or by carbon dioxide decreases, which often occur during a study. The authors do not mention the article by Marks et al (2), which closely examined the effects of adding carbon dioxide to inhaled mixtures of xenon. This study concluded that the addition of carbon dioxide was contraindicated because carbon dioxide normally falls 2 to 4 mm Hg with xenon inhalation and thereby tends to compensate for the tendency of xenon to raise cerebral blood flow . Thus the addition of carbon dioxide may significantly and falsely raise cerebral blood flow values generated with the xenon-enhanced CT method. Also , the authors may not have been aware of the studies by Good et al (3, 4), which examined errors associated with xenon-enhanced CT in relation to region-ofinterest size. Although the relative error associated with a region of interest measuring 0.3 cm in tissue with flow about 50 mL/ 100 g per minute is about 25%, the error is reduced to 1 O% when regions of interest measuring 1.2 cm are used. Although the ability of ultrafast CT to define asymmetry in flow between hemispheres is of interest, I am concerned that a cerebral blood flow technology that does not provide truly quantitative flow values that are accurate throughout the actual range of normal flow values will not provide the type of clinical information that permits vital decision making. The unique capacity of xenon-enhanced CT to measure flow values of zero, even in the depths of the brain, is one reason this technology may be more clinically useful than ultrafast CT in regional cerebral blood flow.


Improvements in microprocessor technology have prompted a willingness to embed computer hardware in structural and mechanical systems. Active structural control is one such application in which computer-based sensors and actuators work to limit vibrations and reduce the possibility of failure in seismic events. Although there have been numerous studies on control strategies for these real-time systems, our goal is to develop approaches that can ensure the overall reliability of the software before deployment. In this paper, we outline a three-step approach based on formal methods for designing reliable real-time systems. This approach includes an analysis of the required timing properties, a modeling technique based on real-time logic and Modechart, and a verification procedure using simulation and model checking. As demonstrated with an application to structural control, this process ensures that the necessary timing properties are satisfied by a given hardware and software architecture.


Totalof 117 isolates of Trichoderma spp. were obtained from soil samples collected from various locations. Characterization using morphological traits for identification of Trichoderma spp. revealed 105 isolates of T. harzianum, eight isolates of T. pseudokoningii. three isolates of T. longibrachiatum and one isolate of T. koningii. Sixty-seven out of 117 isolates suppressed mycelial growth and overgrew colonies of pythium aphanidermatum. a causal agent of damping-off. using dual culture test on potato dextrose agar. From 67 isolates. there were 15 isolates effectively produced both high cellulase and chitinase.


In The Constructivist Credo, Yvonna S. Lincoln and Egon G. Guba present 133 conjectures they believe should guide researchers who use a constructivist approach. In addition, several chapters from a recent dissertation are included and annotated to show how the conjectures might be used in practice.


Females both impose and endure human suffering more than males in Poussin's
 works, indicating both vengeance and victimhood as womanly characteristics.
 Some of Poussin's women are evil or destructive; others are victimized, heroic,
 or virtuous. He shows women as lovers, as jealous and duplicitous, as killers, but
 also as the gateway to redemption. He was aware of the injustices often imposed
 by men upon women, and urges his viewers to meditate on the unfairness of their
 victimhood. His purpose, as he said himself, is to encourage his viewers to think
 deeply about the moral implications of the subjects that he paints, no matter how
 harsh or noble they might be.


Any physical problems when modeled into equations, may become linear or nonlinear equations with known and unknown boundaries. The exact solution for those equations is not easy to obtain. Hence, an analytical approximation solution in terms of asymptotic expansion is sought. This study seeks to solve a singular perturbation in second order ordinary differential equations. Solutions to several perturbed ordinary differential equations are obtained in terms of asymptotic expansion. The main focus of this study is to find an approximate analytical solution for perturbation problems (linear and nonlinear equations) that occur at one boundary layer using the classical method of matched asymptotic expansion (MMAE). Besides, the underlying concepts and principles of MMAE will also be clarified. Mathematica computer algebra system is used to perform the detail algebraic computations. The results of approximation analytical solution are illustrated by graphs using selected parameters which show the outer, inner and composite solutions separately. Hence, the exact solution and composite solution obtained using MMAE are compared by plotting the graph to show their accuracy. From the comparison, MMAE is one of the best methods to solve singular perturbation problems in second order ordinary differential equation since the results obtained are very close to the exact solution.


This paper scientificly studies the South Africa 2010 World Cup football match in 64 matches on the front free-kick analysis through the video observation,the literature material and mathematical statistics method and so on.Finally it summarizes the rules of the front and free kick in order to provide progressive training for free kick daily.


Objective:To compare the acute radiation pneumonitis in lung cancer patients.Methods:From November 2008 to March 2009,26 cases of non-small-cell lung cancer were divided into CRT group(14 cases) and conventional radiotherapy group(12 cases).Acute radiation pneumonitis was observed.Results:26 cases successfully completed treatment.Conventional radiotherapy and CRT caused radiation pneumonitis,the overall incidence was16.7%(2/12),21.4%(3/14)respectively.Conclusion:CRT of the early radiation and conventional radiotherapy could cause radiation pneumonitis in non-small-cell lung cancer patients.


students and practitioners and also provides a means for instructors to get answers to selected exercise problems. It contains the errata and a pdf Ž le of the book's contents. One criticism of this book is its wordiness. It is at places difŽ cult to read due to the reader being forced to constantly reference back to equations mentioned in earlier chapters. This interrupts the  ow of the text. Some parts of the book are a bit unclear and hard to follow and perhaps even tangential with respect to the overall contents. An example is the model selection section of logistic regression when the author discusses the differences in the Pearson residual calculations depending on how data are taken to be grouped or not. The point is clear only after repeated reading, and the discussion on Cmax and Cpro in the same chapter are incomplete to say the least. In my opinion, the last two chapters could be improved to make the book more widely useful. However, the positive does outweigh the negative in the book, and this is deŽ nitely a good reference book for any researcher working with categorical data. It would be a good book to have on the shelf for statistical consultants who routinely deal with categorical data. As a text it has potential, and it will deŽ nitely make my short list when I teach a class in categorical data analysis.


ABSTRACT Research has yet to identify specific predictors of poor psychological well-being and quality of life in transgender people. This study aimed first to explore the predictive value of five factors known to be associated with poor psychological well-being in cis- and transgender people; age, self-esteem, victimisation, interpersonal problems, and body dissatisfaction. Second, to investigate the mediatory role of self-esteem and social support. Two hundred and eight participants (104 transgender and 104 cisgender controls), matched by age and gender, completed measures of these predictor variables, along with general psychopathology and functional quality of life. The results indicate that in the transgender group, greater psychopathology and greater depression were predicted by younger age (psychopathology only), lower self-esteem, greater body dissatisfaction, and greater interpersonal problems. In the cisgender group, only lower self-esteem and greater interpersonal problems were significant predictors of these factors. For quality of life, lower self-esteem and greater interpersonal problems were significant predictors of low quality of life in both groups. Self-esteem but not social support mediated the above relationships. Overall, self-esteem and interpersonal problems appear to be crucial factors that influence well-being. Those providing treatment to transgender people should pay more attention to these areas.


STUDY OBJECTIVES
Trauma-related nightmares are highly prevalent among veterans and are associated with higher severity insomnia and PTSD. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I, typically 6-8 sessions) has been shown to reduce trauma-related nightmares. Brief behavioral treatment for insomnia (BBTI, 4 sessions) has been found to be comparable to CBT-I in decreasing insomnia severity; however, the effects of BBTI on nightmares have not been investigated. The current study tested the effects of BBTI on both trauma-related nightmares and non-trauma-related bad dreams using an active control group, progressive muscle relaxation therapy (PMRT). Additionally, we tested whether baseline trauma-related nightmare frequency and baseline non-trauma-related bad dream frequency moderated changes in insomnia severity.

METHODS
Participants were 91 military veterans with insomnia disorder randomized to BBTI or PMRT. Participants reported insomnia severity on the Insomnia Severity Index and reported trauma-related nightmare frequency and non-trauma-related bad dream frequency on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index--PTSD Addendum.

RESULTS
We found that BBTI significantly reduced trauma-related nightmares from baseline to post-treatment while PMRT did not. However, reductions in trauma-related nightmares were not maintained at six month follow up. Neither BBTI nor PMRT reduced non-trauma-related bad dreams from baseline to post-treatment. We also found that neither baseline trauma-related nightmare frequency nor baseline non-trauma-related bad dream frequency moderated changes in insomnia symptom severity.

CONCLUSIONS
Findings from the current study suggest that BBTI may help to reduce trauma-related nightmares. Further research is needed to better understand potential mechanisms underlying how improved sleep may reduce trauma-related nightmares.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov; Name: Brief Behavioral Insomnia Treatment Study (BBTI); Identifier: NCT02571452; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02571452.


I This paper establishes a evaluation system of indicators for the intensive use of marine and the Marine Onment and makes the comprehensive assessments for intensive with the marine and the Marine in environment L Provinces from the perspective of spatial-temporal disparities. It aims to quantitative the development of the intensive use of marine and the marine environment as as the Level of coordination between them. The results show that the intensive use of marine development varies greatly, the "the" Northern area and then southern area. The level of marine environment is increasing but the level of marine environment still at low level. From the time perspective, the coordinated level of intensive to marine and marine environment promote gradually in C Oastal provinces, however, gaps between provinces are improving years by years; In the aspect of space, spatial patterns changed significantly which shows gathering characteristics but lacked of agglome Ration significant regions.


Free space optical (FSO) also known as free space photonics (FSS) is a technology widely deployed in Local Area Network (LAN), Metro Area Network (MAN), and in Inter & Intra chip communications. However satellite to satellite and other space use of FSO requires further consideration. Although FSO is highly beneficial due to its easy deployment and high security in narrow beam as well as market demand for 10 GB+, some factors especially rain, snow and fog attenuation causes signal integrity problem in FSO. To get better Signal Integrity in FSO we need to consider all components while designing the system. In this paper a comparative analysis has been performed on 10 GB and 40 GB FSO system over 1 Km. Firstly for selecting suitable modulation technique we compared NRZ and RZ modulation and get spectrum analysis. NRZ modulation was found more data efficient. Signal Integrity in FSO system with 10 GB/s was analyzed by eye diagram and Q-Factor of both APD and PIN Photo detector was presented in graph. Same experiment was repeated with 40 GB/s and Bit error rate of both photo detectors were presented.


The problem of robust control design for buildings under earthquake excitation is addressed. We consider an N-story building model in planar motion. The earthquake is considered as the external disturbance to the system. The uncertainties of the system are due to parameter variations and earthquake. By combining active control and base isolation, the control force is applied only to the first floor. We propose a robust control designs based on the Lyapunov approach. It is shown that the control of the proposed design is capable of rendering the N-story building practically stable.


In May 1987, the South African Council of Churches (SACC), under the auspices of the World Council of Churches, held a meeting in Lusaka, Zambia. The meeting's theme was "The Churches' Search for Justice and Peace in Southern Africa." At tending were representatives of the African National Congress (ANC) as well as members of other exiled organizations. It was at this conference that the SACC issued the above statement, declaring the illegitimacy of the South African state. This con ference was followed by another one in September 1989, at which the SACC, the Southern African Catholic Bishop's Con ference (SACBC), and the Institute for Contextual Theology (ICT), in cooperation with the Zimbabwe Council of Churches and the World Council of Churches convened a conference in Harare, Zimbabwe, dedicated specifically to the issue of the le gitimacy of the South African government. Again, the SACC concluded that the South African government did not satisfy the conditions of legitimacy (as defined by the conference partici pants) and was, therefore, an illegitimate government. This essay attempts to discover how the South African Coun cil of Churches came to the decision to declare the South Afri can regime illegitimate, and why it chose to do so at the


Pearl millet is a principal source of energy, protein, vitamins and minerals for millions of the poorest people in the regions where it is cultivated. To overcome the problems of under nutrition and over nutrition, there is need to develop value added and fiber rich products from cereals and nutritional evaluation of new crop varieties and preparation of value added products. Results indicated that the general awareness of the respondents regarding value added products of pearl millet was very low level, however, awareness was high at post-exposure level. Processing of pearl millet products among women was low at pre-exposure stage but after the post-exposure stage was quite high.


A simple cyclone model is presented as a new and modern tool for use in education and training in synoptic-dynamic meteorology. The model has been programmed on an IBM-compatible personal computer under DOS and is used as a teaching tool by the Royal Dutch Air Force and at the Department of Meteorology of Wageningen Agricultural University. The model is based on an approximate analytical solution of the equations of motion. This solution is capable of generating a realistic mature mid-latitude cyclone and its development in time. Several basic parameters of the solution can be varied, leading to different characteristic types of cyclone structure and development.


According to International Telecommunication Union the number of mobile phone subscriptions worldwide reached almost 5 billion at the end of 2010 in a world containing 7 billion inhabitants. Mobile ticketing systems are not yet in widespread use among public transportation providers but as the adoption of mobile phones, especially smartphones, has become so widespread and mobile internet access affordable to the masses, today's public transportation providers have an opportunity to help enable citizens to purchase and carry electronic tickets for public transportation using their mobile phones. Good example of implementation mobile ticketing system is pilot project in Nice which start in spring 2010 and involve 3, 000 users who use their cell phones to upload tickets, check their balance and validate tickets thanks to the ticket uploading system based on NFC technology. The paper will present possibilities and advantages of using cell phone as a new media in eTicketing world and Nice case study.


A six-week laboratory experiment exposed juvenile Ambon damselfish Pomacentrus amboinensis to visual and chemical cues of either a predator, a herbivore or a null control (seawater) and found no effect of predator cues on prey morphology (proportion of ocellus to eye diameter, body depth, standard length and fin area). However, behaviour was significantly affected by predator presence, with prey less active and taking half as many feeding strikes when exposed to predators compared to fish from the null control. The presence of a herbivore also affected prey behaviour similar to that of the predator, suggesting that the presence of a non-predator may have important effects on development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


Chapter 1 - Getting into the VB/MO Culture Chapter 2 - Using ActiveX Controls Chapter 3 - Programming Basics Chapter 4 - The Map Objects ActiveX Control Chapter 5 - Managing Map Layers Chapter 6 - Tool Bars and Layer Management Chapter 7 - Geometry, Coordinates, and Identifying Features Chapter 8 - Rendering Part 1: Single Symbols Chapter 9 - Rendering Part 2: The Unique Value Map Renderer Chapter 10 - The Unique Value Map Renderer Continued Chapter 11 - Rendering Part 4: The Quantile Renderer Chapter 12 - Collections, Classes and Advanced Selections Chapter 13 - Web Basics Chapter 14 - Serving Maps on the Web, Method 1 Chapter 15 - Serving Maps on the Web, Method 2: The MO Internet Map Server Chapter 16 - Buffering and Overlay, Part 1 Chapter 17 - Projections and Coordinate Systems


With the surge of data breaches, practitioner ignorance and unprotected hardware, secure information management in healthcare environments is becoming a challenging problem. In the context of healthcare systems, confidentiality of patient data is of particular sensitivity. For economic reasons, cloud services are spreading, but there is still no clear solution to the problem of truly secure data storage at a remote location. To tackle this issue, we first examine if it is possible to have a secure storage of healthcare data without fully relying on trusted third-parties, and without impeding system usability on the side of the caregivers. The novelty of this approach is that it offers a standard-based deployable solution tailored for healthcare scenarios, using cloud services, but where trust is shifted from the cloud provider to the healthcare institution. This approach is unlike state-of-the-art solutions: there are secure cloud storage solutions that insist on having no knowledge of the stored data, but we discovered that they still require too much trust to manage user credentials, these credentials actually give them access to confidential data. In the paper, we present SPARER as a solution to the secure cloud storage problem and discuss the trade-offs of our approach. Moreover, we look at performance benchmarks that can hint to the feasibility and cost of using off-the-shelf cryptographic tools as building blocks in SPARER.


A previous article, Part I of three, discussed the general nature of the Three Towns' economy and certain of its demographic characteristics. 1 This paper will present, and elaborate briefly on, Three Towns' output and expenditure statistics (extracted from the National Income Accounts of 1956-see the Introduction to Part I). The total value of goods and services produced in the Three Towns is estimated to be ?s 27, 050, 543, or 9. 52 percent of the Gross Domestic Product, for a per capita output of ?s 110. 07. Expenditure is the same total and per capita amount. While the total income earned by the urban labor force (discussed in Part III) is the same, average worker income is obviously more ( s 315. 20) as only one-third, approximately, of the urban population is economically active.


In order to solve the problem of composite detection for laser welded sample, a laser opto-ultrasonic dual (LOUD) detection, which combined with laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy and laser ultrasonic technology, was used to obtain both elemental composition and defect information simultaneously. In this study, we gathered the atomic emission spectroscopy and ultrasonic time-domain signals from the laser welded sample to analysis the composition and defect information. On this basis, a 40 × 15 mm2 LOUD detection scanning was finished to get a visual mapping of silicon element distribution and defect C-scan detection for 2-mm internal hole, respectively. The results showed that the relative errors of element and defect detection with conventional method were 6.00 % and 3.41 %, respectively. We demonstrate that LOUD detection has great potential for laser 3D manufacturing, which makes the detection more efficient.


Built-in test (BIT) technology is widely employed in heavy-duty gas turbine control systems for fault recognition. However, it is difficult to obtain an excellent fault diagnostic ability by using the conventional BIT technology, and the false alarm rate is high. In this paper, a design of intelligent BIT based on improved biologically inspired neural network (BINN) is proposed to reduce false alarm. Firstly, massive historical measurement data of controller module is collected and used as training dataset and test dataset. Secondly, intelligent BIT based on improved BINN is designed to deal with the issue of module state identification and reduce false alarm rate. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed approach is validated by the given extensive numerical simulation results and experimental results.


The anatomical continuity between the lungs and the oral cavity makes the latter a potential reservoir of respiratory pathogens. The micro-organisms may enter the lung by inhalation, but the most common route of infection is aspiration of what pneumologists have long referred to as oropharyngeal secretions. Therefore, it is possible that oral micro-organisms might infect the respiratory tract. Dental plaque can act as a reservoir for respiratory infections. Microorganisms can be released from the dental plaque into salivary secretions, which are then aspirated into lower respiratory tract to cause respiratory diseases like pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Periodontal diseases and respiratory diseases including bronchial asthma have an inflammatory nature thus mandates a positive correlation between these. This review focuses on the relationship between periodontal diseases and respiratory diseases.


Forward, missile body-mounted, lateral jet thrusters in a windward orientation yield amplie cation factors that are well below unity ( 0.5). This deamplie cation is caused by the intense interaction between the oncoming freestream and the jet e ow, causing massive loss of the favorable pressure on the windward wings. Additionally, the jet e ow creates a blockage effect that extends to the windward rear tail panels causing reduced tail control for this missile orientation. A means to enhance the amplie cation factor and regain control of tail panels is addressed by studying several alternate locations of the lateral jet thruster with a e xed body/wing/tail missile geometry. It is shown that the jet thrusters mounted on the wing tips enhance the amplie cation factor to 1.06 as compared to 0.5 for the forward missile body-mounted lateral thruster. This approach also recovers the control power of the windward rear tail panels. Specie c generic missile studies are presented after extensive jet interaction validations of the computational method with the wind-tunnel data. Nomenclature AF = amplie cation factor, 1 CNjet CNno-jet T q S Clm = rolling moment coefe cient, Mx q S Xref Cm = pitching moment coefe cient, My q S Xref CN = normal force coefe cient, N q S , airframe only CY = side force coefe cient, FY q S CYm = yawing moment coefe cient, Mz q S Xref dp = pressure differential, Pjet Pno-jet Pinf FY = side force, N M = freestream Mach number Mx = rolling moment My = pitching moment Mz = yawing moment N = normal force, N P = pressure, N/m 2 q = dynamic pressure, 1 2 S = missile cross-sectional area, m 2 T = jet thrust, N = velocity, m/s = angle of attack, deg = ratio of specie c heats = density = azimuth angle, deg


Liberalization of the domestic food market exposed Croatian agriculture to global competition for which it was not prepared. Worst affected are small and medium-sized farms that have lost a large part of the market and income. Production and sales of value-added, traditional products can be additional source of income and employment and rural areas protects from depopulation. Croatia has a large number of traditional products which are the result of relief, climate and cultural diversity of our country. However, the economic benefits of these products have so far been very small. Croatian accession to the European Union opens up a range of opportunities for further development of production and sales of traditional products. In the paper is defined the concept of traditional products and their importance for the EU, is analysed situation in production and sale of traditional products in Croatia and are given some recommendations for improvement of production of traditional products.


The laboratory started dating in 1966 using liquid scintillation techniques. Considerable effort has been expended on improvements in both sample preparation and detection (Pietig and Scharpenseel, 1964 and 1966). Yields now approach 100% and 4 to 6 samples are completed each week. A solution of 3 cc synthesized benzene and 1 cc "dead" commercial toluene is employed for ordinary measurements. Toluene contains PPO and POPOP scintillators that give final concentrations of 0.4% and 0.01%, respectively, when diluted with sample benzene. The counting arrangement with normal shielding gives a net modern count rate of 25.6 cpm (78% efficiency) with a background of 9.7 cpm. A special counter equipped with 5 cm mercury and 10 cm lead shielding as well as an anti-coincidence "umbrella" of polystilbeneplastic scintillator has considerably better characteristics. In addition to reduced background, samples as large as 100 cc can be accommodated. The exceptional performance obtained here is presently reserved for natural radioactivity measurements, such as T-3 and C1–36.


The propagation of unsteady disturbances in a slowly varying cylindrical duct carrying mean swirling flow is described. A consistent multiple-scales solution for the mean flow and disturbance is derived, and the effect of finite-impedance boundaries on the propagation of disturbances in mean swirling flow is also addressed. Two degrees of mean swirl are considered: first the case when the swirl velocity is of the same order as the axial velocity, which is applicable to turbomachinery flow behind a rotor stage; secondly a small swirl approximation, where the swirl velocity is of the same order as the axial slope of the duct walls, which is relevant to the flow downstream of the stator in a turbofan engine duct. The presence of mean vorticity couples the acoustic and vorticity equations and the associated eigenvalue problem is not self-adjoint as it is for irrotational mean flow. In order to obtain a secularity condition, which determines the amplitude variation along the duct, an adjoint solution for the coupled system of equations is derived. The solution breaks down at a turning point where a mode changes from cut on to cut off. Analysis in this region shows that the amplitude here is governed by a form of Airy's equation, and that the effect of swirl is to introduce a small shift in the location of the turning point. The reflection coefficient at this corrected turning point is shown to be exp (iπ/2). The evolution of axial wavenumbers and cross-sectionally averaged amplitudes along the duct are calculated and comparisons made between the cases of zero mean swirl, small mean swirl and O(1) mean swirl. In a hard-walled duct it is found that small mean swirl only affects the phase of the amplitude, but O(1) mean swirl produces a much larger amplitude variation along the duct compared with a non-swirling mean flow. In a duct with finite-impedance walls, mean swirl has a large damping effect when the modes are co-rotating with the swirl. If the modes are counter-rotating then an upstream-propagating mode can be amplified compared to the no-swirl case, but a downstream-propagating mode remains more damped.


One of the primary objectives of today's teaching is to prioritize students' thinking skills as a path to become lifelong learners. Those skills are improved by enabling students to learn actively. Role of teacher in the active learning environment is to facilitate students' learning, and questions asked by students are important in the process. Based on the relevant considerations, this study aimed to identify questioning attitudes of secondary school students in mathematics courses and investigate their questioning behaviors in line with teacher and student views. The study utilized the partially mixed sequential equal status design. The study group was composed of 15 teachers working at five secondary schools in a city center of a rural province and 690 students. The data were collected through the Attitude Scale Toward Asking Questions, written view forms, semi-structured interviews, and observations. Exploratory statistical techniques were used to analyze quantitative data, and qualitative data were subjected to a content analysis. According to the results from anxiety about questioning subscale of Attitude Scale Toward Asking Questions, the students were anxious above moderate levels although they had high levels of questioning attitudes. Furthermore, it was concluded that number of questions asked by the students increased with higher grade levels, but they asked questions less frequently. In addition, it was determined that about half of the students refrained from asking questions, due to frustration and fear.


According to the characteristics of gray image, the histogram specification algorithm based on 3-spline interpolation was introduced in this article, which obtained enhancement in continuous casting sheet billet image. The experimental results indicate that such improved method has better outcomes than the traditional one, especially when it is used to process poor quality continuous casting images. The comparative experimental analysis of the improved histogram specification algorithm and the traditional histogram specification algorithm based on Gaussian probability density function (Gaussian PDF) examines and certifies the effectiveness and anti-interference of the modified algorithm.


Muhamat, Hidayaturrahmah, Nurliani A. 2015. Insects attendance in zodia plants (Evodia suaveolens). Pros Sem Nas Masy Biodiv Indon 1: 1040-1044. Zodia (Evodia suaveolens) is one of the shrub plants that produce essential oils for mosquito repellent. The successful growing of this crop depends on the knowledge about cultivation and the presence of beneficial or detrimental insects to this plant. This study focused on the identification and description of presence of insects in zodia plants. Observation method was used as a research methodology. The experimental field was monoculture and polyculture garden. The experimental field was monitored throughout 1 week. Results showed that 11 species of insect were found in monoculture system where the most prevalent species were ants such as Solenopsis sp. (38.12%), Dolichoderus thoracicus (16.26%), aphids namely Prociphilus tessellatus (21.26%), bees as for instance Pseudococcus citriculus (15.50%) and mealy bug as for example Trigona apicalis (1.39%). Like monoculture the case of polyculture system also 11 species of insect were found while ant such as Dolichoderus thoracicus (22.7) and Prociphilus tessellatus (29.4%) was the only dominant insect species. Based on the role, the insect's species in zodia plants was divided into three groups: insect pollinators (ants, bees, and flies), insect pest (mealy bug) and visitor only (mosquito).


# Structure of Condensed Matter: # Symmetry of Structure # Organization of the Crystalline State # Beyond the Crystalline State # Inhomogeneous Structures # Wave Behavior in Various Structures: # Wave Propagation in Periodic and Quasiperiodic Structures # Dynamics of Bloch Electrons # Surface and Impurity Effects # Transport Properties # Wave Localization in Disordered Structures # Mesoscopic Quantum Transport # Bonds, Bands with Things Between and Beyond: # Bond Approach # Band Approach # Correlated Electronic States # Quantum Confined Nanostructures # Broken Symmetry and Ordered Phases: # Landau Theory of Phase Transitions # Crystals, Quasicrystals and Liquid Crystals # Ferromagnets, Antiferromagnets and Ferrimagnets # Superconductors and Superfluids # Broken Ergodicity


Several studies have argued that if some consumers are liquidity-constrained, then aggregate consumption should be "excessively sensitive" to credit conditions as well as income. Against this background, this paper analyzes empirically the relationship between aggregate consumption and credit availability in Jamaica. Accordingly, this paper uses Instrumental Variable/Two Stage Least Square estimation and builds on credit constraints literature by incorporating NPLs as a proxy for credit constraints. The empirical analysis indicates that credit conditions have a substantial impact on consumption. Similarly, it shows that foreign exchange market has an adverse impact on consumer spending patterns in Jamaica.


Introduction Trans-cranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a non-invasive method of altering brain activity (1) has widened the array of therapeutic options available for various psychiatric disorders. Objectives Trans-cranial Magnetic stimulation (TMS) as a non-invasive method of altering brain activity has widened the array of therapeutic options available for various psychiatric disorders. •A large number of studies have shown therapeutic benefits in a wide range of patient population with majority of studies in adults. •TMS is used increasingly for the treatment of child and adolescent depression. •Yet, the scarcity of studies and lack of published guidelines for this population is notable. •As TMS use is expanding in this population, an overview of the use of TMS in children and adolescents with depression may provide much needed and timely perspective on this neuropsychiatric intervention. Methods We searched all published studies using PubMed database, on TMS use in depressive disorders in children and adolescents. A total of 13 studies were found to have reported use of TMS in depression in children and adolescents. Results We found various case series, open label studies as well as sham controlled blind studies indicating that TMS has been effective in treating depression in children and adolescents. No significant side effects were found in our review. Conclusions Studies have shown that TMS is an effective treatment option for depressive disorders in children and adolescents. Initial studies look promising but implications in large pediatric population may be different and there is a need for more double blind, controlled trials with larger sample size. Disclosure No significant relationships.


An effective method for composite fault diagnosis based on integration of wavelet transform and neural networks is presented. The fault diagnosis model of turbogenerator set is established and a new method of detecting fault symptom signal based on discrete binary wavelet transform is discussed. Wavelet transform is used to extract effect character vector which is sent to neural networks to complete pattern recognition. With sufficient samples training, the type of fault mode can be obtained when signal representing fault is inputted to the trained neural networks. The diagnosis result approves to be accurate and comprehensive . The method can be generalized to other devices' fault diagnosis.


This article discusses the connotation of decoration art of Beijing courtyard and makes an analysis of it from the cultural and educational aspects.In the end,the simple classification is made to the courtyard decoration.


We use the Dandelin–Gallucci theorem to give a proof of Wedderburn's little theorem that every finite division ring is commutative, and the proof is geometric in the sense that the non‐geometric concepts employed are of an elementary nature. As a consequence, we obtain a geometric proof that a finite Desarguesian projective space is Pappian.


We generalize the concept of equivalent resistance to the entire range from coherent quantum to diffusive classical transport by introducing the notion of transport equivalent networks. We show that this novel concept presents us with a platform to simplify the structure of quantum networks while preserving their global and local transport properties, even in the presence of electron-phonon or electron-electron interactions. This allows us to describe the evolution of equivalent quantum networks to equivalent classical resistor networks with increasing interaction strength.


T NHE colleges and universities of the nation are facing what I believe will prove to be the most exciting and trying period in their history. They are enjoying extraordinary success today. What David Riesman calls the "Academic Victory" is virtually complete. But it will be possible for the colleges and universities to be busy and populous and yet fail in their essential jobs-which is to say that they could be busy and populous frauds. In short, the stakes are high. There is no doubt that the colleges and universities would like to do what the times demand of them. But what do the times demand of them? I propose to list what I consider to be the major problems and challenges facing the colleges and universities, not in the order of importance but beginning with teaching, which is certainly central to any discussion of higher education today. First, we must restore the status of teaching. Our institutions of higher education have three great traditional functions: research, teaching, and service to the community. The particular function emphasized depends on the institution. The two-year college and the four-year liberal-arts college are concerned chiefly with teaching; the graduate school is more heavily concerned with research; the land-grant university


© 2013 IBRACON The creep in concrete is a phenomenon that occurs due the water movement within the concrete and it is influenced by several factors that act simultaneously. Some of these factors are the environmental conditions (relative humidity and temperature) to which the element or the specimen is submitted. This paper compares the experimental results from drying creep of specimens loaded at different ages and kept in a controlled environment (climatic chamber) versus those from an uncontrolled ambience. In addition, comparisons are made among the experimental results with those from prediction models available in the literature. From the results it can be noted that changes in humidity during the first month of testing have the greatest influence on creep and that concrete loaded at higher ages have lower creep. Regarding the prediction models, it was observed that the ACI and GL models are those that best anticipate creep occurrence.


Presidents and the American Environment . By Otis L. Graham Jr. (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2015. xi + 411 pp. Notes, bibliography, index. $39.95.)

Recent years have seen an explosion of scholarship on presidential leadership and environmental protection. From Randall Lutter and Jason Shogren's Painting the White House Green (2004), exploring the influence of the Council of Economic Advisers, to Tarla Rai Peterson's Green Talk in the White House (2004), analyzing presidential rhetoric, scholars have dissected the records of recent American presidents. This new volume by Otis L. Graham Jr., a professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara, appears very similar to Byron W. Daynes and Glenn Sussman's book White House Politics and the … bflippen{at}se.edu


In an internal combustion engine, a chemical reaction occurs between the oxygen in air and
hydrocarbon fuel. Engines operate at what is termed the stoichiometric air/fuel ratio when there is the correct
quantity of air to allow complete combustion of the fuel with no excess oxygen. In reality, the combustion
process cannot be perfect and automotive engines emit several types of pollutants.Therefore, it is important to
develop and deploy methods for obtaining real-world, on-road micro-scaled measurements of vehicle emissions
to estimate the pollutants. In this work, several high traffic roads in Selangor will be selected for the road airquality
measurement and analysis. Comparisons with simulations results, using the Operational Street Pollution
Model (OSPM) are shown. The study shows that there were no serious of air pollution recorded in the period of
January 2012. Air quality trends for the criteria pollutants in this month generally are continuing to show
downward trends or stable trends well below the level of the Malaysian Ambient Air Quality Guideline (RMG).
However, PM10 and ground-level O3 are the crucial pollutants in Selangor. The comprehensive review has
revealed that moving vehicles creates a significant impact in air quality on the specific locations. Comparison
with simulated data also showed good agreement thus indicating suitability of the model to be used in Malaysia
condition.


INTRODUCTION Many drugs show bioavailability problems due to their low water solubility, slow dissolution rate, and instability in the gastrointestinal tract. Nimesulide is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic agent, chemically is N-(4 nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl) methane sulfonamide. It is poorly soluble in water and irregularly absorbed by gastrointestinal tract. Among the various approaches to improve the dissolution of poorly soluble drugs, the preparation of solid dispersions has often to be successful [1]. Solid dispersion (SD) is defined as the dispersion of one or more active ingredients in inert carriers at solid state prepared by fusion, solvent, or solvent-fusion methods. In solid dispersions, the particle size of the drugs was reduced, wettability and the dispersibility of the drugs were enhanced; therefore, drug dissolution was improved markedly. Solid dispersion is a promising approach to improve the dissolution and bioavailability of drugs [2]. The methods utilized in the preparation of solid dispersion include melting, use of common solvent and a combination of melting and solvent approach. Various hydrophilic carriers, such as polyethylene glycols, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, and hydroxyl propyl methylcellulose have been Investigated as carriers for solid dispersions, improvement of dissolution characteristics and bioavailability of poorly aqueous-soluble drugs. Solid dispersion prepared from soluble carriers such as polyethylene glycol, usually have the disadvantage of being tacky and therefore difficult to subdivide and handle. PEG solid dispersions were formulated using combinations of melting and solvent approach in which the melted drug and carrier mixture were granulated with excipients that result less tacky granulation.


The ethics of refugee protection is not an ethics of assistance to needy people, but an ethics of the prohibition of tort, namely, in particular, the violation of human rights. This is reflected in the positive refugee law only inadequately, because here is not the damage in the fore-ground, from which people flee, but the reasons why they are mistreated by persecutors. The damage-oriented approach clarifies the reasons why persons in need for protection who have already reached the territory of the country of refuge can rely on a subjective right not to be exposed to the dangers they have fled from, while refugees outside the territory can in principle only appeal to the compassion and humanity of possible helpers. However, the boundary between "inside" and "outside" shifts according to the expansion of the de facto sphere of power of the acting person or state. This may also create a legal position for persons who are rescued by a ship at sea or whose living and travel conditions are essentially determined by the power of a state outside its territory.


Nowadays, clinical decision support system become a part of daily life. Accurate diagnosis of liver cirrhosis helps in avoiding medical problems which may lead to death. The aim of the study is to build a fuzzy expert system for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis-stage (DLFS). The system uses machine learning tools and data mining statics to discover fuzzy rules, which help physicians to provide a fast and accurate diagnosis. The experimental have been performed on real dataset from clinical data sheets for 119 patients infected by chronic HCV. The evaluation results showed that the system identify liver fibrosis-stage with high degree of accuracy 95.7% and may decrease the need for liver biopsy. : negative fibrosis, (cid:1) (cid:3) : mild fibrosis, (cid:1) (cid:4) : significant fibrosis, (cid:1) (cid:5) : cirrhosis, and (cid:1) (cid:6) :significant cirrhosis[2]. In developing countries as Egypt, the availability of medical experts to cover the large number of patients cannot be achieved. Automated systems such as clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) can help to overcome this issue [2]. The goal of this work is to build a CDSS to help physicians to estimate the liver fibrosis of HCV patients. Our methodology uses a combination of some techniques including a set of machine learning techniques to prepare the medical data set, fuzzy decision tree for fuzzy rules generation, and Mamdani fuzzy inference system (FIS). The proposed system will be tested by a data set of 119 patients infected by HCV. Demographics, standard serum markers, and other conditions are utilized as indicators to predict the fibrosis stage.


The medical community widely accepts the vascular laboratory as an integral component in the diagnosis and management of vascular disease. However, there can be wide variation in the information generated between laboratories. This could result in substantially different clinical conclusions and lead to the undertreatment or overtreatment of disease. This variability stems in large part from confusion and misunderstanding when applying interpretation criteria. The Intersocietal Commission for the Accreditation of Vascular Laboratories (ICAVL) has encouraged standardization of procedures within the vascular laboratory through the accreditation process. Importantly, in a survey of randomly chosen ICAVL accredited laboratories performed in 2002, significant variation in carotid duplex criteria was found not only between laboratories but also interpretation criteria were not uniformly applied within many laboratories (Katanik S. Personal communication. May 2004).1 Speculation was raised that the average laboratory did not have a clear understanding of how to apply their own criteria and, furthermore, how to internally validate these criteria. At the core of developing a quality vascular laboratory is the establishment of an effective and meaningful internal review method. In today's world, the vascular laboratory must provide accurate diagnostic reports that not only distinguish normal from abnormal but also provide detailed information that is factored directly into clinical decision making. The genesis of a quality noninvasive vascular test involves three basic steps.


In recent years, the role of percussion instrument in music has become important. Especially, the drum is used in various genres such as brass band, jazz, and the pop music. The drum is one of the musical instruments, and becomes essential to music. In this work, we suggested automated creation of drum's fill-in pattern using Interactive Genetic Algorithm (IGA). The proposed system created the drum's fill-in patterns as individuals in GA, and the user evaluates them subjectively. Based on the fitness value, the proposed system performs GA calculation. As results of experiment 1 and 2, the average gradually increased in accordance with progress of generation. Especially, the significant increase of the fitness value was observed in the experiment 1. However, significant difference was not observed in the experiment 2.


We have presented a comprehensive effective-mass Hamiltonian for strained Wurtzite semiconductors using k?p method and Kane's model. This theoretical groundwork provides a foundation for investigating the electrical and optical properties of wurtzite strained quantum-well lasers


On the large alluvial fan in front of the Daqing Mountain,there are many cities,such as Hohhot,Baotou,Salaqi,etc. Illustrated by the case of Guisui( present Hohhot),this paper discussed the relationship between the degradation of the surrounding eco- environment of and the floods in the aforementioned cities since the late Ming dynasty. The floods were caused mainly by the combined effect of the eco- environmental degradation and the disaster- prone nature of city's geography. The locations,topographical conditions and rainfall characteristics subjected the cities to possible natural disasters. Besides,during the Little Ice Age in the Ming and Qing dynasties,continuous unreasonable regional development since the late Ming dynasty resulted in the eco- environmental degradation of the Daqing Mountain and the alluvial fan in front of it. Consequently,the adjustment mechanism of nature was severely damaged,and the disaster predisposition of the natural environment was intensified. Thus,the possibility of the cities being flooded increased greatly.


Electronic Technology in Teaching and Research The Situation of the Book i: The Aesthetics of the Hypertext (64) The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere through the Lens of Infor mation Technologies (122) Internet 101: Resources for Research, Communication, and Teaching (129) Mastering the Electronic Machine: Technologies for Language and Literature (160) On-Site Research and On-Byte Investigation: Three Views of Conducting Thorough Academic Research (345) Hypertexts for Teaching Imaginative Literature (493) Text Encoding Initiative i: Guidelines (540) That's Edutainment: Digital Media, the Culture Industry, and Institutions of Higher Learning (685) Text Encoding Initiative II: Applications (730)


Studies on Silappathikaram have been conducted regularly on various platforms. It continues to give readers ample space to continue reading from a variety of perspectives, from time to time, to political, religious, cultural, emotional, and theoretical, as editors and later editors and researchers in the context of modern theories. Thus, despite the fact that the syllabary has been scrutinized on sites and contents, it still causes gaps and contradictions in the readers' reading. The purpose of this article is to explore the explanations for the gaps and contradictions between the Kovalan Kannaki, Madhavi faction and the Kovalan Kannaki merger - the Kovalan Madhavi faction and the Kovalan Madhava faction - the loss of wealth - Peetanru, which occurred to me while reading Silappathikaram.


Definition of quality and quality of healthcare. The consumption of health resources. Quantitative analysis of resources in a hospital unit.


Starting from a Maori perspective, this book examines the development of international law and the world order of nation states. In engaging with these issues across macro and micro levels, the international arena, the national state and forms of regionalism are identified as sites for the reshaping of the global politico-economic order and the emergence of Empire. Overarching these problems is the emergence of a new form of global domination in which the connecting roles of militarism and the economy, and the increase in technologies of surveillance and control have acquired overt significance.


ALASTAIR FITTER Cranes of the World, by Lawrence Walkinshaw. Winchester Press, New York, $25.00. 'Monumental' is the apt adjective for this book—a monument to the fifteen surviving species of a family of birds which has decorated the earth for millions of years but whose existence is increasingly menaced by man; and equally a monument to the dedication and achievement of an amateur ornithologist in the truest sense of the term. Retiring from a dental practice only five years ago, he has amassed, in 370 pages, the results of over forty years' observations of wild and captive cranes, supported by intensive research in libraries and museums. This comprehensive array of information is enlivened by some fine descriptive writing, generous quotation, and 138 well-chosen photographs, ten of them in colour, and for the most part taken by the author himself on his extensive travels. The plan of the book is simple: preface; introduction (summarising the characteristics of the family, and the classification of living and fossil species); the fifteen biographies set out under roughly comparable headings; 23 tables of miscellaneous data; an appendix listing the majority of plants and animals incidentally mentioned in the text (but unfortunately without page references); and a species by species bibliography. In general, there is something of interest for everyone and a conservation-minded reader will especially enjoy the story of the whooping crane and the piecing together of all that is known of the mysterious black-necked crane. Perhaps inevitably, in a book of such ambitious scope, there are several defects in the organisation and appraisal of material, and rather too many misprints and minor errors. One must also deplore the haphazard and unnecessary use of alternative English names, which besides being confusing leads to some absurdities like 'dark-crowned' and 'gray-crowned' crane (for which reason the names 'dark crowned crane' and 'gray crowned crane' are surely best avoided!). But despite these blemishes, this is a book to which every gruiphile will undoubtedly turn for information and enjoyment for years to come. HUGH F.I.ELLIOTT


Customers often give feedback on their evaluations and experiences with the products and service in the form of customer reviews, and developing the technology of customer review analysis plays an important role in the modern marketing research. Existing studies on marketing have used topic models to capture the review generating behaviors, but this approach ignores the word ordering, that is, it assumes a bag-of-words, and thus cannot adequately consider the context of text even with topic models. In this study, we propose a model combining supervised topic model and word embedding model for estimating the relationship between the product attributes mentioned in the customer review and their satisfactions while capturing the context of review text customers generate. In the empirical analysis, we apply the proposed model to a real customer review data on mascara-related products on a cosmetics e-commerce site, and the results show that our model captures some interpretable topics related to mascara products and estimates their effects on satisfaction scores, for example, the "eyelash" topic mentioned in the review tends to result in high levels of satisfaction, while the "brush" topic is associated with low levels of satisfaction.


Abstract: Different waste materials such as fly ash, silica flumes, blast furnaces slag are used in concreting. Aggregate is a major ingredient for making concrete, occupy almost 70 - 80% part of concrete[1]. Conventionally crushed rocks are used as coarse aggregate and river sand used as fine aggregate. Due to rapid growth of construction activities, conventional aggregate sources are depleting very fast leading to significant increase in cost of Construction. This has necessitated research for alternative cost effective materials in construction. The paper aims about the partial replacement of crushed coconut shells as a substitute of conventional aggregate. It may help to produce concrete economically and at the same time also will help to reduce its disposal problem. Keywords: coconut shell, concrete, coarse aggregate, compressive strength, waste disposal.


Canh and Barnard (2009, p. 246) state that the teaching of grammar continues to be a matter of controversy in the field of applied linguistics and second language teaching. Shavelson and Stern (1981) and Tillema (2000) hold the general view that there is now agreement in general education studies that teaching is a cognitive activity and that teachers' beliefs greatly impact their instructional decisions in the classroom. Moreover, in the last 15 years, educational research has claimed that teachers' classroom practices are determined to an extensive degree by their personal pedagogical belief systems (Clark & Peterson, 1986; Kagan, 1992; Pajares, 1992). So, while it is generally agreed that some consideration to grammatical form is useful, and perhaps necessary, many issues pertaining to the teaching of grammar still need further research, especially into the fundamental social factors that are an inevitable element of classroom learning. The principal among these social factors are the personalities of the teachers and learners – and their individual and collective constructions of classroom reality. The beliefs and attitudes of practising teachers are increasingly being sought to illuminate theoretical concerns in the teaching of grammar, such as the nature of implicit/explicit learning, the way that grammar is best presented, the need for various types of evaluative feedback, and the role of practice. Zhen and Murphy (2007, p. 2) have pointed out that there are fewer studies in pertinent research domains of non-native speaking EFL teachers compared to the amount of literature about native speaking ESL teachers' beliefs. This indicates that there is a serious gap in practical research that needs to be bridged in countries like Bhutan, and this study is a maiden attempt toward that goal. The study reported here took its inspiration from a study conducted in 2009 (Canh & Barnard, 2009) with a view to exploring the attitudes of a group of teachers in Bhutan towards the teaching of grammar, and to make comparisons with the New Zealand EAP teachers surveyed in 2008 (Barnard & Scampton, 2008) and with the Vietnamese teachers surveyed in 2009 (Canh & Barnard, 2009).


Between the machinability by classical machining methods and use of nonconventional technologies there is a certain correlation. When the machining by classical methods is not possible or it is difficult to be applied, one can took into consideration the use of nonconventional technologies. The documentary research showed that that the empirical models corresponding to the tool wear, cutting forces and roughness of the machined surface, considered also as machinability indexes, take into consideration characteristics of the workpiece material. In order to improve the conditions of developing a machinability evaluation by drilling under constant force feed, a machining schema involving the work feed movement of the test piece from up to down, to the rotating drilling tool, was proposed. The experimental research led to a power type empirical mathematical model able to highlight the influence exerted by the rotation speed, drilling tool diameter and the force feed on the length of hole achieved in a certain time.


Significance Glutamate is the principal excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. Kainate receptors, a subfamily of the ionotropic glutamate receptors, mediate the pre- and postsynaptic actions of glutamate. Overactivation of postsynaptic kainate receptors plays an important role in neurodegeneration after ischemic stroke. Because Src kinases show increased activity after brain ischemia, we evaluated their roles in regulating kainate receptor function after brain ischemia. Our results demonstrate that Src kinases bind to and phosphorylate GluK2 at Y590 and facilitate kainate-evoked whole-cell currents and calcium influx. Furthermore, long-term kainate stimulation promotes apoptosis through the endocytosis of GluK2 subunits and activation of JNK3–c-Jun signaling. In summary, our results demonstrate that Src phosphorylation of GluK2 regulates kainate receptor activity and downstream excitatory signaling. Although kainate receptors play important roles in ischemic stroke, the molecular mechanisms underlying postischemic regulation of kainate receptors remain unclear. In this study we demonstrate that Src family kinases contribute to the potentiation of kainate receptor function. Brain ischemia and reperfusion induce rapid and sustained phosphorylation of the kainate receptor subunit GluK2 by Src in the rat hippocampus, implicating a critical role for Src-mediated GluK2 phosphorylation in ischemic brain injury. The NMDA and kainate receptors are involved in the tyrosine phosphorylation of GluK2. GluK2 binds to Src, and the tyrosine residue at position 590 (Y590) on GluK2 is a major site of phosphorylation by Src kinases. GluK2 phosphorylation at Y590 is responsible for increases in whole-cell currents and calcium influx in response to transient kainate stimulation. In addition, GluK2 phosphorylation at Y590 facilitates the endocytosis of GluK2 subunits, and the activation of JNK3 and its substrate c-Jun after long-term kainate treatment. Thus, Src phosphorylation of GluK2 plays an important role in the opening of kainate receptor channels and downstream proapoptosis signaling after brain ischemia. The present study reveals an additional mechanism for the regulation of GluK2-containing kainate receptors by Src family kinases, which may be of pathological significance in ischemic stroke.


In this paper,Adopting the 2×2 contingenecy table,the analysis of different indices including the analysis of Variance, χ2-test, association coefficient(AC), Jaccard index and point correlation index were used to investigate the species association between 13 dominant populations in Taxus community.The result show that there exist no correlation among the 13 dominant populations, which suggests that the Taxus community is succession. Theχ2 _ test indicated that among these 13 dominant populations, 4 species pairs exhibited highly positive association, 11 species pairs exhibited highly negative association. All of the total 78 species pairs did not show significant association, this may be related to the seral stage of the community and the ecological characteristics of investigated species. Based on the results, it might be inferred that the community was at a successional stage.


Desulfurization wastewater from coal-fired power plant is discharged intermittently, and influenced by coal property and make-up water quality of processes, its quality presents big fluctuation, which can mainly characterized by complex component, high causticity, high salt content, hard to be reused and so on.Therefore, to realize the goal of zero discharge of desulfurization wastewater from power plant, all the above problems have to be solved first. Through the analysis of current processes applied for desulfurization wastewater zero discharge, the feasibility and economical efficiency of those processes were compared. It could be found that,dosing softening pretreatment-TMF-SCRO-DTRO-MVR was the optimal technical route, which could fully meet the current requirement of desulfurization wastewater zero discharge, and could be used as a feasible process plan in future projects.


This paper presents measurements of the photoelastic constants at a wavelength of Lambda=1.053 um for a number of transparent optical glasses. It presents a comparison of the resulting data with known data for wavelengths of Lambda=0.532 or 0.555 um for BF28 glass. The conclusion given earlier is confirmed, according to which there is an insignificant (20%) reduction of the thermooptical constant in going from Lambda=0.555 um to a wavelength of about 1 um.


Social media can amplify peer effects in political views and potentially exacerbate polarisation. The evidence so far goes in different directions. Some authors like Gabler (2016) suggest social media can create echo-chambers and foster polarisation or segmentation: the like-minded find one another and tend to cluster around their views. He argues social media can be divisive and even undermine democracy.


To analyze whether KCNQ2 R201C and R201H variants, which show atypical gain‐of‐function electrophysiologic properties in vitro, have a distinct clinical presentation and outcome.


Molecular oxygen condensed and solidified in porous silica with pore diameters of 5, 7.5, and 13 nm has been investigated by x-ray diffraction as function of the filling fraction and the temperature. Two components of the pore filling can be distinguished: an amorphous layer on the pore walls, about 2 ML thick, with no conspicuous temperature dependence and the capillary condensate in the pore center that shows the sequence liquid-g-b of bulk O2, but with reduced transition temperatures. In 5-nm pores the g-b transformation is incomplete. In the larger pores remainders of the b-a transition have been detected.


SUMMARY This study attempts to explore two areas related to the closure of schools during Covid-19. It is a two-tiered exploratory study. Firstly, it investigates how secondary school English language teachers in the state of Kedah in Malaysia conducted online teaching during the Covid-19 pandemic. Data for this phase was collected using an online survey questionnaire via Google form. For the second phase, the study explores the efficacy of online teaching as the main mode of teaching in the future. Data for this phase was collected using an interview schedule distributed to three senior lecturers from three local universities in Malaysia. Both these areas have not been researched in Malaysia. As such this study hopes to fill the gap. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis approach. The findings will be useful to teachers to prepare themselves to teach online even in normal times. The education authorities in Malaysia can use the findings to revamp the teacher-training programmes as well as the in-service courses to prepare the teachers for the eventual shift of the traditional mode of teaching to the online modality. The trend will be the use of hybrid teaching form that will blend both the teaching modes to come up with a stronger and more effective teaching and learning process.


The purpose of the researcher was to investigate attitudes of nurses toward alcoholics. The independent variables were; when formal education was received, formal education pertaining to alcoholism, type of position and alcoholism in the family. Dependent variables were emotional difficulties, loss of control, prognosis for recovery, the alcoholic as a steady drinker, character defect, social status, alcoholism as an illness, harmless voluntary indulgence and addiction liability. Five composite null hypotheses were tested. A total of 261 comparisons were made of which 126 were recurring. Of the 135 comparisons 17 were statistically significant at the .05 level (six main effects and 11 interactions). The results of the present study appear to support the following generalizations: 1. For the dependent variable loss of control, nurses from the following groups reported an attitude more conductive to diagnosis and referral: a) Formal education completed during 1979 through 1983, b) Those who completed diploma programs, c) Those who completed diploma and bachelor of science degree programs and reported no alcoholism in the family, d) Those who completed an associate degree program and reported alcoholism in the family. 2. For the dependent variable prognosis for recovery nurses from the following groups reported an attitude more conducive to diagnosis and referral: a) Those who reported alcoholism in the family, b) Those who reported alcoholism in the family with no formal alcoholism education. 3. For the dependent variable the alcoholic as a steady drinker nurses from the following groups reported an attitude more conducive to diagnosis and referral: a) Those who had no formal alcoholism education, b) Those who completed diploma and bachelor of science degree programs and reported no alcoholism in the family, c) Those who completed diploma programs, d) Those who completed diploma programs and had formal alcoholism education, e) Those who completed associate degree and bachelor of science degree programs and had no formal alcoholism education. 4. For the dependent variable alcoholism as a character defect nurses from the following groups reported an attitude more conducive to diagnosis and referral: a) Those who completed formal education prior to 1979 and had formal alcoholism education, b) Those who completed formal education after 1983 and had no formal alcoholism education, c) Those who completed a diploma and associate degree programs and reported alcoholism in the family, d) Those who completed bachelor of science programs and reported no alcoholism in the family, e) Those who completed an associate degree program, reported alcoholism in the family and had formal alcoholism education, f) Those who completed a bachelor of science degree program, had formal alcoholism education and reported no alcoholism in the family, g) Those who completed a diploma program, had formal alcoholism education and reported alcoholism in the family, h) Those who worked on an alcoholism treatment unit. 5. For the dependent variable alcoholism as an illness nurses from the following groups reported an attitude more conducive to diagnosis and referral: a) Those who completed formal education prior to 1979 and had formal alcoholism education, b) Those who completed formal education after 1979 and had no formal alcoholism education. 6. For the dependent variable addiction liability nurses from the following groups reported an attitude more conducive to diagnosis and referral: a) Those who completed formal education prior to 1979 and reported alcoholism in the family, b) Those who completed formal education after 1979 and reported no alcoholism in the family, c) Those who completed a diploma program and had formal alcoholism education, d) Those who completed associate degree and bachelor of science degree programs and reported no formal alcoholism education.


ABSTRACT Problems arising in the application of techniques of automatic control to complex non-linear systems subject to random disturbances may be solved by automatic optimization. A variety of such schemes have been proposed. These are discussed with reference to a performance criterion which is to be optimized; they may be classified as employing either open-loop or closed-loop methods of optimization. A terminology is suggested for the description of such systems.


This article presents the results of the research aimed at developing an accent assignment system for Hungarian. Two methods are compared. The shallow method targets local and short-distance factors that determine accent; the deep (syntactic) method targets long-distance influences (such as focus). Neither of the methods alone results in absolutely satisfactory output; frequently, however, mistakes are complementary. The article presents the problems and solutions of both methods.


This article analyses Alejandro González Iñárritu's The Revenant (2015) as a contemporary western, exploring how it interrogates the overt coloniality and Anglocentrism associated with the western genre and the source story of nineteenth-century fur trapper Hugh Glass on which the film is based. Through narrative and textual analysis, the article suggests that the addition of active indigenous characters into Glass' story, as well as the film's focus on the genocidal violence inflicted on native peoples and self-conscious realist strategies, challenge the inherent colonialism of the western. It also points out, however, that the scope of these indigenous narratives is limited and made secondary to the narrative of the White fur trapper and how The Revenant falls back on some of the stereotypical representational norms of the generic western. The article argues that this duality, where the film both challenges and reifies the colonialist norms of the western, is a result of the film's interstitial position in-between the industrial and genre norms of contemporary Hollywood filmmaking and Iñárritu's specific auteurist, postcolonial and ideological vision.


Malware classification is a major challenge as they have multiple families and its type has been ever increasing. With the involvement of deep learning and the availability of massive data, neural networks can easily address this problem. This experimental work focuses on classifying the malware that are in the form of grayscale images into their respective families with high accuracy and low loss. We used transfer learning in a pretrained VGG16 model obtaining an accuracy of 88.40% of accuracy. Additionally, upon experimenting with the ResNet-18, InceptionV3 model to classify the malware images into their families didn't give better results as compared to our custom model. The custom model based on convolution neural network achieved better accuracy and was able to classify malware with 98.7% validation accuracy. Upon comparing our custom model with VGG16, ResNet-18, InceptionV3 the custom model gave better accuracy with a better f1 score of 0.99. But improper tuning of VGG16 yielded low accuracy and high parameter loss. In overall the approach of classifying malware by converting them into images and classifying thus obtained images makes the malware classification problem easier.


A n outbreak of feverish media coverage has been unleashed upon the United States. "We're facing the prospect of a major epidemic," says Dr Arthur Kellermann, of the American College of Emergency Physicians, who has been interviewed about the shortage of flu vaccine for no fewer than 14 television and print stories over the past few weeks.

Fifty million doses of flu vaccine, or around half of America's expected supply, were condemned on 5 October when British regulators found bacterial contamination at the Liverpool factory where they had been produced. Newspaper articles were quick to deliver the relevant statistics: only 60 million doses would be available in the United States, for the 90 million Americans deemed to be at "high risk" from the influenza virus.

"Scene by disheartening scene, the spectacle of a severe shortage of flu vaccine is unfolding around the country," wrote Denise Grady in the New York Times. Two days later, the ubiquitous Dr Kellermann appeared on a PBS broadcast to point out that "without swift action, the vaccine shortage could cripple our healthcare system."

Although the …