Dear Authors, I have read your paper and looked also into your dataset. Your dataset is extremely valuable for a large group of scientists in Earth sciences, but also for geodesist (surveying engineers) to test new approaches and for the development of new tools for the deformation analysis. I recommend publishing the data, but only after revising the paper and possibly some of your data that you will provide through Pangea. I have read your preprint and made a number of comments directly in the pdf-document of the preprint, which will be provided to you.


e14568 Background: Autophosphorylation of c-met, a transmembrane tyrosine kinase, activates several signaling transduction cascades leading to cancer metastasis-cell proliferation, motility, invasion and angiogenesis. To elucidate the role of c-met activation in gastric cancer invasion and liver metastasis, we analyzed the functional expression and activation of c-met in gastric cancer cell lines and tumor tissues. Methods: Expression of c-met and activated c-met (p-met) was detected in 6 gastric cancer cell lines and 21 gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis. The effects of c-met inhibition were studied on cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, using a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor SU-11274. Results: c-met and p-met were detected in 66.7% and 50% of gastric cancer cell lines, respectively. In gastric cancer tissues, c-met was over-expressed both in primary gastric cancer and matched liver metastasis, while activated p-met expression was more prominent in liver metastasis (p ...


Objective: To elucidate the management of peripheral extracorporeal circulation (cardiopulmonary bypass) to protect the cardiac function and reduce the surgical trauma and complications in tricuspid valve operation by thoracoscopy. Methods: A clinical data analysis of 255 subjects (87 males and 168 females; mean age of 42.7 ± 15.2 years; average weight of 55.3 ± 13.3 Kg) was performed, which with surgical indications of tricuspid regurgitation underwent the total thoracoscopy assisted tricuspid valve operation (16 cases with De Vega annuloplasty; 40 cases with Kays annuloplasty; 174 cases with artificial valve annuloplasty; 3 cases with artificial chordae; 4 cases with edge to edge; 18 cases with tricuspid valve replacement). All patients were treated with peripheral approach of extracorporeal circulation, which was established through the arteria femoralis and femoral vein intubation combined with the superior vena cave (internal jugular vein) percutaneous intubation. Results: Under peripheral cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) for thoracoscopic tricuspid valve operations, all patients were with unobstructed drainage, good exposure and effective myocardial protection. There was no refractory cardiac resuscitation, multiple organ injury following ischemia-reperfusion and other serious complications, and there was no intraoperative confirmation of median sternotomy, 5 cases with re-thoracotomy for hemostasis. Clinical data was described as follows: the average operation time was 185.3 ± 58.6 min, CPB time was 116.7 ± 44.1 min, aortic cross-clamp (ACC) time was 93.7±61.4 min (248 cases), endotracheal intubation time was 12.6 ± 3.6 hours, thoracic drainage was 237.3 ± 308.9ml, and mean postoperative hospital stay was 5.3 ± 2.6 days. The incident rate of no using blood products during the hospitalization was 81%. Conclusion: It was entirely feasible that the thoracoscopic tricuspid valve operations were on the basis of the peripheral CPB established through the arteria femoralis and femoral vein intubation combined with the internal jugular vein percutaneous intubation. Thus, peripheral CPB could be the preferred method of establishing extracorporeal circulation for all kinds of minimally invasive cardiac surgeries.


Abstract : Contents: Investigation of quality of crystals using ruby as an example; Exposure and investigation of dislocations in crystals by different methods; Determination of the concentration of Cr3(+) in rod crystals of ruby by absorption spectra; Methods of investigation of heterogeneity in indices of refraction of crystals; Orientation of crystals and investigation of their optical anomaly; Measurement of internal stresses in rod crystals of corundum; Determination of the value of mutual disorientation of blocks in crystals of ruby by the optical method; Differential calorimeter with thermal bridge for measurement of energy of a laser; and Instruments for measurement of pulsed light energy.


We study stationary scattering theory for finitely many sphere interactions formally given by the Hamiltonian H=−Δ+∑j=1Nαjδ(|x|−Rj) and its generalizations to the case of interactions of the second type and interactions with nonseparated boundary conditions. In a previous publication [J. Math. Phys. 29, 660–664 (1988)], it was shown that the self-adjoint Hamiltonian H{αl},{R} corresponding to H may be defined as a limit in norm resolvent convergence of a family He of local scaled short-range Hamiltonians. In this paper we also study scattering theory corresponding to He and show that the scattering quantities associated with He converge to those of H{αl},{R} as e→0.


1 Abstract Observations suggest that supershear bursts and sustained supershear propagation may have occurred in a number of earthquakes (such as 1992 Landers, 1999 Izmit, and 2001 Kunlun). Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain the sub-Rayleighto-supershear rupture transition. In the Burridge-Andrews mechanism (e.g., Andrews, 1976), the shear-wave stress peak traveling in front of the main Mode II rupture nucleates a daughter crack, if the prestress on the fault is large enough, and the daughter crack is born supershear. Alternatively, supershear burst can result from breaking a strong heterogeneity on a 3D fault as shown by Dunham et al. (2003).


The purpose of this study aims at helping students define plagiarism by using a discourse analysis approach within the text of a model paper for advanced students interested in writing research papers. Inexperienced researchers are often tempted to commit several types of plagiarism across disciplines in academia. These intentional and unintentional patterns of plagiarism, which have something in common, open the possibilities of bridging the gap between English education and inter-discipline learning. The methodology in this paper is mainly based on literature review to define what a discourse analysis approach is, why it can help students avoid plagiarism; also, it explores preventive strategies to deal with an orchestrated model text based on technical, ethical, and cultural dimensions to avoid inappropriate copying; finally, it recommends that instructors should provide hypothetical cases for their students to decide which writer is guilty of plagiarism, and students need time to transform from the imitation stage to the creation stage of having their own writing styles.


Big mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/extracellular-regulated kinase 5 (BMK1/ERK5) is regulated sequen-tially by a series of upstream MAP kinase kinases (MEKs) in a signaling cascade. MEKs activate their downstream MAPK by phosphorylation of threonine and tyrosine in the T- X -Y motif. MEK5 is the upstream BMK1 kinase and exists as naturally occurring splice variants, MEK5 (cid:1) and MEK5 (cid:2) . The full-length MEK5 (MEK5 (cid:1) ) is 89 amino acids longer than MEK5 (cid:2) at the N terminus, but the precise functional difference between the two splice variants is not known. Dual phosphorylation site mutation of MEK5 (cid:1) (Ser-311 3 Asp and Thr-315 3 Asp; MEK5 (cid:1) (S311D/T315D)) activated BMK1, but the corresponding dual phosphorylation sites mutant of MEK5 (cid:2) could not induce BMK1 kinase activation or nuclear translocation. Furthermore, MEK5 (cid:2) inhibited epidermal growth factor-induced BMK1 activation and MEK5 (cid:1) (S311D/T315D)-induced MEF2 transcriptional activity. Both MEK5 (cid:1) and MEK5 (cid:2) individually co-immunoprecipitated with BMK1, but the presence of MEK5 (cid:2) prevented association of MEK5 (cid:1) with BMK1 suggesting a mechanistic basis for the dominant-negative behavior of MEK5 (cid:2) on BMK1 activation. The ratio of MEK5 (cid:1) to MEK5 (cid:2) expression was higher in cancer cell lines, and overexpression of MEK5 (cid:2) -inhibited serum-induced DNA synthesis. These data suggest that alternative splicing of MEK5 (cid:1) and MEK5 (cid:2) may play a critical role in BMK1 activation and subsequent proliferation.


We live during a time of transformation for the welfare state. Across the developed world but elsewhere too, changes in social welfare policies reflect the growing influence of the market-centered philosophy of neoliberalism (Schram, 2015: Ch. 1). It has become the default logic for public policymaking today. A long time in coming to ascendancy, neoliberalism arose in response as the welfare state gained traction during and after the Great Depression of the 1930s (Peck, 2011). Neoliberalism's basic tenets were promulgated by Ludwig von Mises, Friedrich Hayek, Milton Friedman, and Gary Becker. It came to be associated with the 'Chicago School' of Economics. Especially as articulated by Becker and Chicago School fellow travelers, neoliberalism is centrally about the superiority of economic logic as the basis for all decision-making, public as well as private, collective and individual. A critical feature of neoliberalism is that it blurs the boundary between the market, civil society and the state. Neoliberalism disseminates economic rationality to be the touchstone not just for the market but for civil society and the state as well. Its emphasis on economic rationality as standing in for what is rational per se promotes the marketization of an increasing number of practices throughout society. Most dramatically, it has led to a wholesale revision in public policy in a number of domains so that they are more consistent with market logic in the name of better promoting market-compliant behavior by as much of the citizenry as possible. It places increased emphasis on people practicing personal responsibility by applying economic logic to all forms of decision-making across a variety of spheres of life. People are expected to practice personal responsibility by investing in their own human capital to make themselves less of a burden on society as a whole or face the consequences of a heightened disciplinary regime. It is this last part that is often neglected (Harcourt, 2010). Neoliberalism's emphasis on personal responsibility for the choices people make has led to a more get-tough approach to social welfare policy. The ongoing neoliberalization of social welfare policy itself is now taking place during a time of transformation that is fraught with risks for individuals, families and societies as a whole, indeed for the global economy overall. The ascendency of neoliberalism as the prevailing rationality of our time is unfolding during what policy analysts call a 'critical juncture', where a well-ingrained 'path dependency' in social welfare policies has 24


Circulation. 2019;139:992–993. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.038818 992 Yogesh N.V. Reddy, MBBS, MSc Barry A. Borlaug, MD In Response: We thank Drs Cobos-Gil and Del Buono and colleagues for their interest in our recent publication, in which we developed and then validated a diagnostic algorithm to estimate the probability of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) among patients with unexplained dyspnea.1 Dr Cobos Gil makes an interesting observation that, in the intermediate range, the H2FPEF score linearly estimates the probability of HFpEF. Indeed, our analysis of the raw data does confirm this linear relationship over the intermediate range of scores (between 2 and 5) with an R2 of 0.99 (P<0.0001). When precise estimation of HFpEF probability is required, the continuous variable H2FPEF score is more robust, and can be easily quantitated from the nomogram provided as a supplement to our publication.1 Dr Del Buono and colleagues draw attention to the fact that alternate causes of clinical heart failure were excluded in our cohort. We agree and would emphasize that the H2FPEF score should only be applied to help guide the evaluation of unexplained dyspnea in the absence of evidence of alternate causes of the clinical syndrome of heart failure, such as constrictive pericarditis, cardiac amyloid, highoutput heart failure, storage diseases, or valvular heart disease. We consider these entities, each with its own pathophysiology and natural history, as specific diagnoses that are distinct from HFpEF. We do not consider them as secondary HFpEF as the authors proposed. In our opinion, the term HFpEF should be used only when these other disorders have been carefully excluded. The H2FPEF score should not be used as a diagnostic criterion, but rather as a quantitative means to help modify the working pretest probability that HFpEF is the underlying cause of dyspnea. Clinicians should still diligently use all clinical information including history, examination, echocardiography, and imaging to evaluate for 1 of these alternate diagnoses that are often confused with HFpEF. Dr Del Buono and colleagues speculate that the H2FPEF score may lose predictive power when applied to cohorts with a higher prevalence of HFpEF. First, it is important to emphasize that our study and test cohorts included consecutive patients in real-world clinical practice, where aging and comorbidities like obesity and atrial fibrillation are common. When dyspneic patients with morbid obesity2 or atrial fibrillation3 are rigorously evaluated by using gold-standard invasive methods, the diagnosis of HFpEF is frequently demonstrated. In our experience, clinicians caring for such patients are too often falsely satisfied that the dyspnea reported by their patients is simply caused by excess body fat, deconditioning, or an irregular heartbeat. In fact, most of these patients display classical hemodynamic abnormalities during exercise that are diagnostic of cardiac failure.2–4 In this regard, HFpEF remains severely underdiagnosed in the community.4 We agree and indeed pointed out that external validation is need© 2019 American Heart Association, Inc. RESPONSE TO LETTER TO THE EDITOR


To determine the effects of Di-ao-xi-xue-kang(DAXXK) on myocurdial reperfusion injury,28 open-chest dogs were subjected to left anterior coronary descending artery occlusion for 90 min followed by 4 h reperfusion.Dogs were randomized to receive either DAXXK(5.0mg/kg,n=10) or saline(NS,n=18) iv at the moment of occlusion.Cardiac function and hemodynamic variables were measured before occlusion,90 min after occlusion,and 30 min,2 h and 4 h after reperfusion.Levarterenol(Lev)in serum was evaluated before occlusion,90 min after occlusion,2h and 4 h after reperfusion. Cardiac indexCI),left ventricular pressusre(LVSP)and ±dp/dt_(max) markedly decreased.while total peripheral vasculaar resistance(TRVR)and Lev in serum were increased with the development of occlusion-reperfusion in NS group.DAXXK improved left ventriculaar function after occlusion-reperfusion in comparison with NS group,and there was a decreasing tendency of TPVR and Lev in DAXXK group.These results suggest that DAXXK reduees myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury with salvage of myocardium,improved cardiac function,and reduced TPVR and Lev as well.


The paper intends to investigate the sources of the very concept of charisma in Max Weber, starting from some polemical readings made by Carl Schmitt. Aside from theologian Karl Holl, particular attention is devoted to Protestant jurist Rudolf Sohm and to his masterwork Kirchenrecht (1892). Weber started to read it attentively in 1909, at the beginning of his project called Economy and Society, In the writings that make the most of this posthumous work that he never really ended, charisma is meant as the non-juridical key for official and hierarchic organizations – Roman Church may not be the only good example: charisma creates concrete social associations elsewhere. Gradually, such organizations get more and more legal, as long as they lose their 'extraordinary' traits. The analysis will show how obedience and recognition are originally created by charisma and how they structure the ties that bind the followers to their leader, a hero, a prophet, or similar charismatic personalities. Being originally anti-economic, anti-institutional, charisma gets to be gradually objectified in a legal order provided with specific economical traits. In its last part, the paper analyses the famous conference Max Weber held in Munich in 1919, Politics as Vocation. Politics is identified as the intersection between charisma and bureaucracy, in the handling of the relationship between the two elements of devotion to the leader and the cause (what he calls the 'demon') and the party machine.


G6PD deficiency in Saudi Arabiia. Saudi Med J 1993; 14: 121-125. 26. El-Hazmi M, Warsy A. Epidemiology of G6PD deficiency in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 1997; 18:255-260. 27. Weatherall D. Some aspects of the Hemoglobinopathies of particular relevance to Saudi Arabia and other parts of the middle east. Saudi Med J 1998; 9:107-115. 28. Al-Awamy B, Niazi G, El-Mousen M, Altorki M, Naeem M. Newborn screening for sickle cell Hemoglobinopathy and other inherited Erythrocytic disorders in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Saudi Med J 1986; 7: 502-509. 29. El-Hazmi M. Incidence and frequency of Hemoglobinopathies and Thalasemia in the North-west sector of Arabia. Saudi Med J 1985; 6: 149-162.


The kinetics of the oxidation of cobalt(II) sepulchrate by aqueous copper(II) have been studied in the presence of chloride ion, imidazole, and acetonitrile at 25 o C. The reaction rate increases with increasing concentrations of chloride ion (0.05-0.2 M in 0.50 M HClO 4 /LiClO 4 ) and imidazole (0.025-0.09 M at pH 6.5, in 0.15 M LiClO 4 ), but is unaffected by 0.4 M acetonitrile


This paper presents a low complexity architecture for realization of CDWT for minimal resource environment like FPGA and SoC applications in image processing. The proposed architecture uses parameterization of the coefficients for reduced redundancy in computation. Use of CSD based multipliers along with pipelined CORDIC provided an architecture for efficient implementation in contrained environment along with high speed and efficiency. Low data path length and lower control complexity are other salient features of the architecture presented in the paper. This design was implemented on Xilinx FPGA platform. The operational frequency of the implemented circuit is 47 MHz.


Most historical marine pollution monitoring has proven useless in a management context. A strategy for development of effective marine pollution monitoring programs is outlined. This strategy is based on the following steps: 1) systematic evaluation of the management information needs, 2) identification of the hypothetical impacts associated with those management concerns, and 3) investigation of the feasibility of monitoring those effects such that the existence, or absence, of a specified level of effects can be established in a statistically-valid manner. There are two fundamentally different types of monitoring program: site-specific and regional. These two types of program differ markedly in scope and approach when designed through application of this strategy. The strategy requires development of null hypotheses which address management concerns and which are amenable to scientific testing. In order for the program to be successful, the null hypotheses selected for inclusion in a marine pollution monitoring program must address levels of effect which are predefined to be environmentally significant. The definition of environmentally significant effect levels is a difficult process which must be primarily the responsibility of the managerial community.


Introduction The objective of the study was to explore the prevalence and factors associated with obesity among adult women of Ramkot VDC (Village Development Committee), Kathmandu district of Nepal. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was used to explore the prevalence and factors associated with obesity among adult women of age group between 20 to 59 years old. Five wards were selected randomly on the lottery drawn and quota sampling basis. 22 samples were drawn from each selected wards. There were 110 sample sizes. A questionnaire guided interview method. BMI was calculated by following formula: weight in kg/height in m 2 . Findings The prevalence of obesity and overweight is 24.5 and 1.8% respectively and there is no association between BMI with caste, education and age. 81.7% of respondents, who consumed fruits more than five times a week had low BMI, whereas 44% of respondents, who consumed fruits less than once a week in their diet had high BMI indicating overweight and obesity. The significance difference of taking fruits daily or not, was showed by the chi square (p value) i.e. 0.013. Conclusion The finding of this study shows that the prevalence of overweight among women was 24.5% and prevalence of obesity was 1.8%. Overweight and obesity of women was not associated with physical activities, whether women were vegetarian or non-vegetarian and frequency of food they usually took. But the women who took fruits frequently in their diet had low body mass index than women who took fruits less frequently. In other word, overweight and obesity among women was associated with fruits intake less frequently.


Objective To study and revise the quality standard of Shuluo tablets. Methods Frititlaria thunbergii Miq and Tetrahydropalmatine in Shuluo tablets were identified by TLC method. The content of Tetrahydropalmatine was determined by HPLC. The separation was performed on a SHIMADZU VP-ODS column. The mobile phase was composed of acetonitriie- 0. 1% phosphoric acid solution( adjusted the pH to 6. 0 with triethylamine)( 40 ∶ 60),the detection wavelength was 280 nm,the column temperature was 30 ℃,and the flow rate was 1. 0 mL /min and sample loop volume being 10 μL. Results TLC identification method for Frititlaria thunbergii Miq and Tetrahydropalmatine was simple and feasible with strong specificity. The linear relation of tetrahydropalmatine was excellent within the range of 0. 025- 0. 75μg(r =0. 999 9),and the mean recovery was 96. 27%,RSD =1. 2%(n =6). Conclusion The method is simple and accurate. It can be used for the quality control of Shuluo tablets.


Electrochemical methods of synthesizing ammonia from nitrogen gas have the potential to replace the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process. In doing so, they offer a CO2-free route to the production of the ever-promising energy carrier. In this study, an effort was made to reveal the relationship between proton involvement in the rate-limiting step of the ammonia synthesis reaction and the overall ammonia synthesis rate, particularly for electrolytic cells using solid-state electrolytes, as no such rule based on the measured parameters of the materials has ever been reported. An empirical atomistic expression was derived to explain the observed correlation between the proton conductivity of the solid-state electrolyte and the ammonia formation rate, by considering the proton excorporation and migration enthalpies. This relationship was determined by examining experimental results from the literature that had been obtained using diverse proton-conducting electrolytes. An almost linear energy relationship was...


An analysis of the reactions T(d,n)/sup 4/He and /sup 3/He(d,p)/sup 4/He was conducted with polarized and nonpolarizcd deuterons at energies to 2 MeV with the assumption of a contribution of states 3/2/sup + 1/2/sup +/, and 3/2/sup -/. (tr-auth)


South Africa has a large unemployment rate with many households almost completely dependent on social grants for survival. Under such circumstances the potential of rooftop solar in developing vibrant and local energy micro-economies, which can generate and trade in electricity, is highly attractive. In this chapter, it is shown that such systems are uneconomic if considered from the perspective of a private investor. However a different conclusion emerges with respect to public funding. Even without considering the additional benefits of improved health and learning opportunities, lower levels of crime and lower levels of non-payment, rooftop solar becomes an attractive investment for the state, especially in areas of high solar irradiation. The 'electrification grant' could be delivered in several ways including the use of a subsidised feed-in-tariff. An initial analysis using the framework of technological innovation systems shows that much of the required structure for a rooftop solar system is already in place. However the state will need to boost efforts to train technicians to install and maintain the infrastructure, accelerate its initiatives to support local manufacture of photovoltaic modules, and strengthen the capability of the science and technology system to support the processes of technology diffusion and adoption.


This study aimed to determine the influence of work value and work congruence on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and job satisfaction. The study was conducted on non medical staff, nurses and general practitioners of Yogyakarta Islamic Hospital PDHI. This study uses the population as a sample. Cluster sampling method sampling technique. The number of respondents in this study was 119 people consisting of 72 percent of men and 28 percent of women. The data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis with IBM SPSS Statistics 22 as an analytical tool. The result of the research there is significant effect of work value to job satisfaction partially. There was no significant effect on the wark congruence to job satisfaction partially. There was a significant effect on the value of work, work congruence to job satisfaction simultaneously. There was no significant effect of work value to OCB partially. There was a significant effect on the work congruence to OCB partially. There was significant influence of work value, work congruence to OCB simultaneously. There was a significant negative effect of job satisfaction on OCB partially.


Breathing mode oscillations of a xenon 600 W Hall effect thruster have been studied using temporally resolved experimental data and numerical modeling. Fluctuations in xenon neutral near infrared (810-835 nm) emission in the near field thruster plume have been measured at 1- μs resolution using a high speed, phase-matched intensified charge coupled device. Oscillations in electron temperature, 3-9 eV, have been inferred using a collisional-radiative model and a two-line ratio method. The time-resolved emission and electron temperature measurements are then used to assess the accuracy of the numerical model HPHall. Although simulations were able to accurately predict the time averaged thruster behavior, the model greatly under predicts the magnitude of the oscillations. General phase trends between the discharge current and emission as well as electron temperature are consistent with observations, suggesting that the model is capable of capturing some of the oscillatory behavior despite the dampening of the oscillations.


Since the fundamental features of retinal images are comprised of different orders and locations, in this paper, we attempt to analyze retinal images by means of a multi-scale method, which is based on shearlets transform that is an effective directional multi-scale system for image assessment. This method was demonstrated improvement in image discontinuities, for example, edges and corners at numerous scales. Movement effects of the eyeball occurring during the scanning process encouraged us to employ a method based on the Radial Tchebichef Moments so as to estimate and eliminate the effects rotation angle of the head or eyeball movement may introduce in the scanning process. After this, localizing the optic disc and eliciting the Region of Interest (ROI) intended to acquire similar parts within different retinal images from the same person, a rotation invariant template can be achieved from each ROI retinal sample. The Mahalanobis distance is utilized in the proposed method to assess the biometric pattern similarity. The experimental results shower = 0.0024 in retinal identification. These results are a testimony of the power and efficacy of the proposed approach.


A new hybrid quantum clone evolutionary algorithm(HQCEA)is proposed in allusion to two-layer network learning control system(NLCS)architecture.This special architecture can achieve better control performance and better interfer ence rejection,and strengthen the adaptability to varying environment.The proposed scheduling algorithm HQCEA optimized the network transmission period,increased the diversity of the solution space of functions and avoided trapping into local peak effectively.As thus,network resources can be allocated reasonably to reduce delay and packet losing,improve network utiliza tion with communication constraints.According to the simulation results,the HQCEA overcomes the shortcoming of the tradition al QEA,and can deal with the continuous functions with multi-peak and complex plant successfully in a shorter time.


This research provides an in-depth study of the lived experience of German managers who undertake part-time doctoral study at a British University. The Doctor of Business Administration (DBA), as a professional doctorate with its initial structured taught phase, is the subject of investigation. It is of particular interest to German business professionals as the national education system does not provide opportunities to undertake part-time doctoral study, especially in such a format. The focus of this study is managers' experienced stress and the coping strategies applied as part-time DBA students, within their context and through the perspectives of other lifeworlds. Previous research on the doctoral experience has not focused on the DBA and, specifically, its related stress, or by applying interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). A case-by-case and across cases analysis is used to provide a holistic understanding of managers' lived experience in their context. Four student cases were explored over 8 to 10 months through several interviews, with the students, their supervisors, their partners, and their work colleagues. The analysis generated six superordinate themes: Learning and challenging identity, balancing: negotiation and adaption, managing emotional fluctuations, relying on significant others, motivating and persisting and moving forward. Van Manen's (1990) four existentials – (temporality, spatiality, corporeality and relationality) as the core structure of lived experience – provide a theoretical basis to illustrate the relationships and dynamics of those themes in a holistic conceptual framework of DBA students' lived experience. Central in this framework is students' research development as embodied practice, challenged by destabilising forces (experienced as stress) primarily arising from issues within temporality and relationality. In response, students seek control in the form of maintaining balance by negotiation and adaption, managing emotional fluctuations, and seeking support from significant others. Development happens in a cyclic fashion, where a maturation process appears to be characterised by passing a threshold while experiencing pain. Core findings reveal most stressors arise from the discrepancy between an individual's mindset as a manager and the academic thinking and rigour required of a DBA. Being a 'student' in a novice role creates uncertainty and destabilises self-confidence and thus a manager's identity. This illustrates that students' research development requires learning and identity work. The findings illuminate the barrier between practitioner and academic thinking that DBA students need to overcome and emphasize the need for consideration in programme conception and acknowledgement by educators, supervisors, and prospective students of the individual's process of development.


Background: Obesity is associated with chronic activation of the immune system and an altered gut microbiome, leading to increased risk of chronic disease development. As yet, no biomarkers have been found to distinguish individuals at greater risk of obesity-related disease. The aim of this study was to explore a correlation-based network approach to find existing patterns of immune-microbiome interactions in obesity.Results: The current study performed correlation-based network analysis on five different datasets obtained from 11 obese and 12 healthy weight men: anthropometric measures, metabolic measures, immune cell abundance, serum cytokine concentration, and gut microbial composition. The obese cohort had a denser network (total number of edges, n=237) compared to the healthy network (n= 190). Within the obese network, immune cell abundance was found to be correlated to biomarkers from all four other datasets while in the healthy network, immune cell abundance was only correlated with serum cytokine concentration and gut microbial composition. Neutrophils within the obese immune cell abundance group were correlated with the most number of other biomarkers. Two different types of neutrophil measurements were taken, an abundance measure from immune cell gene expression and a whole blood count, with correlations to 10 and 6 other biomarkers, respectively. From the combined number of 16 biomarkers, 4 biomarkers were correlated between the two measurements: Anaerostipes abundance, Blautia abundance, EscherichialShigella abundance and Flavonifractor abundance.Conclusion: The obesity-related dysregulation of immune biomarkers was suggested by the high connectivity of immune cells in the obese network compared to the healthy network. Our study also revealed the importance of integrated analysis to uncover immune-microbiome interactions in obesity that are likely to have been missed in univariate analysis.


Monodisperse iron nanoparticles were prepared by thermal decomposition of iron carbonyl at low temperatures of 160-180 ℃ in kerosene.The synthesized iron nanoparticles were spherical and their average size decreased from 11.2 to 8.6 nm as increasing the initial concentration of iron carbonyl from 0.296 to 0.444 mol/L.The synthesized iron nanoparticles are amorphous,but the surface of the particles is easily oxidized and is spinel structure iron oxide by HRTEM.


In order to explore the effects of exogenous cAMP on the growth ability and blood parameters of Qinchuan calves,12 healthy Qinchuan calves(6 males and 6 females) at similar physical conditions were selected for a 120-d raising experiment.Calves were grouped randomly and equally into the experimental group and control group which had both genders(3 males and 3 females each group).Ten milliliters of 0.6 mg/kg exogenous cAMP(cyclic adenosine monophosphate) were injected subcutaneously into each subject of experimental group every 10 days and the same amount of saline was injected into each subject of the control group.The results show that,compared with the control group,male calves in experimental group had 8.99%(P0.01) higher body weight and 20.00%(P0.01) higher daily weight gain after the whole experiment session,as well as 26.10%(P0.05) lower serum total cholesterol by 240-hour treatment,6.50%(P0.05) higher blood glucose,8.24%(P0.05) higher growth hormone concentrations by 72-hour treatment and 7.43%(P0.05) higher insulin concentration by 48-hour treatment.Meanwhile,compared with the control group,female calves in experimental group have 7.94%(P0.01) higher body weight and 19.18%(P0.01) higher daily weight gain after the whole experiment session,as well as 12.18%(P0.05) lower serum total cholesterol by 240-hour treatment,8.30%(P0.05) higher blood glucose,6.72%(P0.05) higher growth hormone concentrations by 72-hour treatment and 6.15%(P0.05) higher insulin concentration by 48-hour treatment.Based on these results,we concluded that the exogenous cAMP injection can obviously enhance the growth ability of Qinchuan calves as well as affect some blood parameters.


For Dr. Alvin Body Kuhn the true meaning of Christianity is to be found in its mystical teaching. He calls for a revival of the effort to discover the esoteric significance of the Christian heritage, to understand the allegorical method of Biblical interpretation, and to find behind the myths, dramas, symbols and allegories, the spiritual vision which they embody. Then there will occur, he says, a new birth for Christianity and a new enlightenment.


Transport framework is perceived as one of the significant elements for a nation's advancement and monetary development. Further, open transportation lessens the traffic which has been the significant concern and cost effective. Two primary issues being looked by the present open transportation framework remember potential dangers to individual security and abnormalities for planning. Existing transportation frameworks gives insights concerning the current area of the transport, its normal appearance time and expected holding up time chiefly dependent on GPS and GSM frameworks. The essential focal point of this venture is to give a diagram of such frameworks, and propose a framework with which, a client can arrive at his/her ideal goal securely, effectively and proficiently. These targets can be accomplished by gathering, handling and giving all the important insights about the appearance/flight time of the transport, its genuine area time of appearance, accessibility of seats, mishap/breakdown recognition and cautioning frameworks. When this information is gathered, it very well may be imparted alongside other custom information to the clients by means of a remote correspondence framework utilizing GSM model. Subsequently, the astute transportation frameworks fulfill the clients and improve utilization of open transportation. Index Terms – MQTT, Node MCU, ITS.


This article addresses the flame retardancy of polyurea using three different sulfonate salts, sodium diphenylamine-4-sulfonate, 3-(1-pyridinio)-1-propane sulfonate, and ammonium sulfamate, and their combination with some conventional flame retardants. Cone calorimetry and thermogravimetry are used for the evaluation of the flame retardancy and thermal stability. Among the sulfonate salts, ammonium sulfamate shows the best flame retardancy both alone and in combination. The conventional additives that have been used include ammonium polyphosphate, expandable graphite, aluminum diethylphosphinate, melamine polyphosphate, and a chloroalkylphosphonate, as binary and ternary mixtures at 15 wt.% total loading. The nonsulfur-containing binary system exhibits higher ignition time and better flame and smoke resistance than do the ternary mixtures.


As the deepening of reform , Unemployment is the major problem that people are paying close attention to,and is the key factor influencing the reform,development and stabilization in our country.The state should quicken the market construction of labour force,strengthen the vocational education,establish and perfect the system of unemployment insurance in order to solve the unemployment problem.While,the unemployed should change his old view of selecting a job,and start his own undertaking.


Purpose
The social housing sector is under increasing pressure to do more with less and provide value for money as part of the UK Government's public debt reduction strategy. This study aims to explore the current practices towards unlocking social value in the housing sector through the adoption of the Social Value Act 2012. The Social Value Act seeks to ensure that public sector procurement deliver added value in terms of social, economic and environmental outcomes.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopts quantitative research methodology through a survey with 100 housing professionals charged with the delivery of social value outcomes in the social housing sector in England.

Findings
The results of the study reveal that there is a low level of understanding of the Social Value Act 2012 among the professionals in the social housing sector. Once again, most organisations in the social housing sector do not have social value strategies or policies and rarely consider social value outcomes during procurement. However, employment skills and training and crime and antisocial behaviour reduction are the most social value priority outcomes/needs identified with organisations currently promoting social value in the social housing sector.

Social implications
The issue of social value has importance towards the wider society, and the study provides an insight into current practices towards the realisation of social value outcomes in the housing sector.

Originality/value
The Social Value Act 2012 came into force in January 2013, and little has been written on the impact of the Act on the social housing sector in England. This study identifies current practices in the social housing sector towards the delivery of social value outcomes in the day-to-day business operations.


Abstract The Global Value Chains/Global Production Networks (GVC/GPNs) literatures have become the predominant international political economy frameworks to understand the challenge of economic upgrading under 21st century globalization. However, until recently, this literature has overlooked the role of the state (outside its regulatory responsibilities) and the explanatory power of domestic political economy. Meanwhile, literature on developmental states, industrial policy and political settlements has generally taken a methodologically nationalist perspective to examine economic transformation in developing countries. This article uses insights from the political settlements literature to contribute to the growing agenda within the GVC/GPNs literature to examine how the role of the state and domestic politics shape upgrading pathways in developing countries. Using the example of the Rwandan government's attempts to increase specialty coffee exports over the last two decades, the article shows how the public governance of the domestic value chain, combined with governance dynamics in the coffee GVC/GPN, has shaped upgrading pathways in Rwanda's coffee sector. By developing a domestic political economy approach within the GVC/GPN tradition, this article contributes to the growing attention within international political economy to focus on how multi-scalar pressures are shaping the outcomes of economic policy in developing countries.


This paper discuss the basic position of higher geometry in normal university mathematical curriculum,and shows its instructing function for secondry school mathematics .


While there are presently different options for renewable and distributed generation (RES/DG) to participate in the UK electricity market, none of the market options is specifically tailored for such types of generation and in particular, the smaller (up to 5 MW) RES/DG. This is because the UK has a number of specific historical, technical and economic reasons that significantly influenced the ability of the smaller size RES/DG to participate in the electricity market and in provision of balancing services in accordance with the UK National Grid requirements. This paper discusses some perspectives and approaches aiming to help stand alone small size and clusters of RES and DG units to participate in the UK electricity market drawing on relevant experience from Denmark.


Three-level low-noise amplifier with image rejection was designed by the aid of the CMOS 0.18 μm technology to meet the requirement of the low-noise amplifier(LNA) in the radar receiver.With the notch filter in the LNA,it can reject the image signal which makes the circuit design of the mixer at the rear end easier.The designed amplifier is simulated in the ADS software.The simulation result is: under the condition of maximum supplied voltage 5 V,the band of the signal is 3.0~3.2 GHz,IF output is 225 MHz,power gain ≥31 dB,noise figure ≤0.5 dB,input and output 1 dB,power of the points is-19.5 dBm and 11.5 dBm respectively and the rejection of the image signal reaches 22 dB.


This paper analyzes, from an epistemological perspective, the so called 'Precautionary Principle' - an environmental law principle broadly invoked in judicial and administrative debates concerning the commercial liberation of new technologies, especially in the biotechnological domain. Starting with the phrasing stated in the 1992 Rio Declaration, we argue that different interpretations of the Precautionary Principle are possible. These interpretations vary according to presuppositions concerning the nature of scientific and technological knowledge as well as the Risk Analysis´ stages in which the Principle is applied. The paper includes a historical overview of different phrasings of the Principle, which can be found in different documents and legislations, and an analysis of its structure, alongside a general epistemological analysis of the notion of scientific certainty and of the nature of technological predictions.


The title complex (I) catalyzed the hydrogenation of alkenes and arom. nitro compds. in the presence of NaBH4 in DMF. At 30°/1 atm, the hydrogenation of 1-hexene (II) was 1st order in I and in II.


The field experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of urea and resin coated urea on yield and economic benefit of corn planted in aeolian sandy soil and irrigated desert soil.The results showed that resin coated urea presented well in the two types of soil in terms of corn yield.Compared to urea with the same N application rate,the yield of corn with resin coated urea was increased by 6.4% in aeolian sandy soil and 15.4% in irrigated desert soil.By applying resin coated urea with 50% and 67% of conventional N level in irrigated desert soil and in aeolian sandy soil respectively,the yield of corn was equivalent to that with urea at conventional N level.In irrigated desert soil,the economic benefit of resin coated urea application was superior to that of urea; In aeolian sandy soil,the economic benefit of resin coated urea application at conventional N level was the highest,however,when the application rate was reduced to 67% of conventional N level,the benefit of resin coated urea became slightly lower.It was also confirmed that the corn yield in aeolian sandy soil was a little lower than that in irrigated desert soil even though the N application rate was raised by 127.5 kg/hm~2.


[1] Observations of internal solitary waves (ISWs) and of their role in sediment resuspension during the Coastal Mixing and Optics 1996 (CMO 96) experiment are reported. The largest resuspension events observed in the experiment can be related to retarded flow under the wave footprint. Two distinctly different periods of resuspension events could be distinguished based on the prevailing atmospheric conditions: a calm period, which we consider characteristic of nominal conditions, and an energetic period, during which two major storms occurred. ISWs arrived at the mooring site from a variety of sources, though a common intermodal dynamics seemed to occur repeatedly. Both mode 1 and mode 2 ISWs have been observed. The present analysis of the month-long portion of the CMO 96 data set constitutes the first reported observations, insofar as we are aware, of mode 2 waves on the continental shelf. Both mode 1 and mode 2 ISWs were found to stimulate resuspension. The mode 2 waves seem to be generated locally by resonant or topographic interactions with mode 1 ISWs. Internal wave fields of the type described here are expected to exist in a variety of other shallow seas as well.


The research compares the perception of facial expressions (FE) of emotions in controls and schizophrenic patients. Three studies are presented. The first and the second study use a new morphing technique to test whether Categorical Perception (CP) exists for static displays of FE. The joint analysis of an identification (first study) and a discrimination task using morphing transitions between Neuter-Happiness and Neuter-Anger expressions demonstrate the presence of CP only for Anger in controls. CP does not occur in first-episode schizophrenia patients. The third study tests the identification of the six basic emotions in dynamic conditions. The results of a recognition task of FE from video clips showing the transformation between a neutral face and an emotional face demonstrates that schizophrenia patients need more time and a more intense facial activity than controls to detect basic emotions. It also shows that patients show selective impairments in the identification of Fear and Disgust.


Deep Zn diffusion at relatively low concentration through the active layer of a highly n-doped (GaAl)As double heterostructure is employed to produce a stripe laser with twin transverse p-n junctions (TTJ's) which provide lateral confinement of both carriers and light in the active layer. Such a structure combines a threshold current of around 40 mA for a 350 μm laser length (minimum measured = 23 mA for 67 μm length) with a near field typically 3 μm wide and an output beam divergence of 6° (both to half intensity).


Ultrananocrystalline diamond (UNCD) nanoemitters were synthesized by a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition process using silicon nanowires (SiNWs) as the template. Preseeding markedly enhances the nucleation of diamond on the SiNW templates, resulting in UNCD grains of smaller size and uniform distribution, which leads to significantly improved electron field emission (EFE) properties. The EFE for UNCD nanoemitters can be turned on at (E0)UNCD-NE=4.4V∕μm, achieving large EFE current density, (Je)UNCD-NE=13.9mA∕cm2 at an applied field of 12V∕μm, which is comparable with that of carbon nanotubes, but with much better processing reliability.


Purpose This paper examines the impact of audit-related attributes and regulatory reforms on timely disclosure as proxied by audit report lag (ARL) in an emerging market setting, namely Egypt. Design/methodology/approach We use a balanced panel data of 372 firm-years observations of the most actively traded companies on the Egyptian Stock Exchange (EGX) over the period from 2007 to 2010. The study measures the dependent variable of ARL as the number of days between the client's fiscal year-end and the audit report. Findings Multivariate analysis indicates that audit committee activity (proxy for regulatory reforms) and external auditor type (proxy for audir-related attributes) contribute significantly to the reduction of ARL and increase disclosure timeliness. Furthermore, we find that ARL witnessed a slight decrease following the adoption of the new Egyptian Standards on Auditing (ESA). Finally, our findings show that industry types moderate the relationship between ARL and several audit-related variable...


Anti-diabetic activity of Phyllanthus Reticulatus fruit extract was carried out against streptozotocin induced diabetic model in wistar rats. Soxhlet extraction using methanol was carried out on Phyllanthus Reticulatus fruit to obtain the extract. Acute Oral Toxicity– Acute Toxic Class Method 423 was performed to obtain the low and high doses respectively at 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg. Experiment using streptozotocin as diabetic model was actioned. The parameters which were evaluated were body weight, blood glucose, SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), GSH (glutathione), MDA (malondial- dehyde), Triglyceride (TG), Total cholesterol (TC), HDL (high-density lipoprotein) and LDL (low-density lipoprotein). Streptozotocin brought derangements in the above estimated parameters which were ameliorated by administration of Phyllanthus Reticulatus fruit extract. The findings of the present study support anti-diabetic activity of Phyllanthus Reticulatus fruit extract in the animal model.


This article evaluates patent protection as an incentive mechanism for biotechnology innovation in India, Recent enhancements to India's patent laws, a new acceptance of biotechnology patents. It analyses the international patenting trends, patents that have significant impact and countries active in patenting. It also examines Indian patenting activity and its comparison with international trends to assess the Indian efforts. The patentability of products is essential in the biotechnology field, for limited market exclusivity compensates biotech companies' investments in research and development. The biotechnology field also uniquely faces Federal Drug Administration (FDA) approval, which includes considerable additional expense and time issues a biotech company must address.


The aim of this study was to verify the efficiency of the BAX® system for the detection of Salmonella spp. in raw chicken meat. The conventional culture method (IN 62, MAP) was used as a reference method. A total of 8,813 chicken carcass samples were analyzed. In the first part of the study, 1,200 samples were analyzed using the BAX® System and the conventional culture method. In the second part, 7,613 samples were analyzed by the BAX® system, and the conventional method was used only for samples that tested positive for Salmonella spp. by the BAX® system. The sensitivity, specificity, relative accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value obtained in the first part of this study were 100%, 92.3%, 96.4%, 53.3% and 100%, respectively. The BAX® system showed no false-negative results and reduced the time to obtain presumptive positive results. It is a suitable method for use in laboratories that perform a large number of food samples analyses daily. However, the conventional method is still required to confirm the presence of Salmonella spp. in samples that test positive using the BAX® system.


Abstract A bioassay‐guided fractionation led to the isolation of hangtaimycin (HTM) from Streptomyces spectabilis CCTCC M2017417 and the discovery of its hepatoprotective properties. Structure elucidation by NMR suggested the need for a structural revision. A putative HTM degradation product was also isolated and its structure was confirmed by total synthesis. The biosynthetic gene cluster was identified and resembles a hybrid trans‐AT PKS/NRPS biosynthetic machinery whose first PKS enzyme contains an internal dehydrating bimodule, which is usually found split in other trans‐AT PKSs. The mechanisms of such dehydrating bimodules have often been proposed, but have never been deeply investigated. Here we present in vivo mutations and in vitro enzymatic experiments that give first and detailed mechanistic insights into catalysis by dehydrating bimodules.


The existence of adequate sanitation is an essential requirement for the protection of human health, as well as critical to environmental protection measure. In Brazil the diseases resulting from lack or inadequacy of sanitation, especially in poor areas, have compounded the epidemiological picture. In Rio Grande do Sul, from the 496 cities, only 41% have sewage disposal system, and a smaller slice still treats collected sewage: 15 % . In this context lies the city of Capao do Leao, where the supply of potable water is provided by a state company and sewage is collected in mixed network without final treatment. This study is justified as a management tool in helping to build a healthy environment in the city of Capao do Leao, and aimed to survey the diseases related to environmental factors that affected the population of Capao do Leao in the years 2010, 2011 and 2012, as well as to give an overview of the current status of environmental sanitation in the city and diagnose the main environmental factors that can cause health problems to the local people. Through the analysis of the data obtained, it is concluded that the population of Capao do Leao is mainly exposed to zoonosis, excreta-related diseases and diseases via fecal-oral transmission. We found that, like in most cities, in Capao do Leao environmental sanitation is still far from ideal, as it lacks infrastructure items for the prevention of diseases related to environmental factors. The Local Sanitation Plan has been structured, which must contribute to advances in environmental sanitation in the coming years.


【Objective】To evaluate the effect of the U.S. National Comprehensive Cancer Network( NCCN)clinical practice guidelines on postgraduates' clinical training.【Method】36 postgraduates in our department from 2012 to 2013 were trained with the teaching methods based on NCCN guidelines of gastric cancer.【Results】Pretests and posttests showed that the scores of core concepts were improved by 80%. The 36 students who completed the training also agreed that the training based on NCCN guidelines of gastric cancer had improved their skills and provided confidence in using the medical literature..【Conclusions】The skills acquired from the training based on NCCN guidelines of gastric cancer improved students' performance abilities, and NCCN guidelines should receive more emphasis in training postgraduates.


The analysis of Aristotle on basic categories that define the political thing, that constitute the polis, should have the democracy as logic conclusion. However that was not the Aristotle's conclusion. He directed hard critics against democracy, and he proposed the politeia as a realist and fair constitution. This issue has generated several and contradictory interpretations. This paper examines the real position of Aristotle on the democracy and his alternative regime.


The main components of fossil power plant such as boiler, turbine, and generator are independently managed by separated control systems which have totally different platforms. However, recently, many fossil power plants request Integrated Monitoring and Control System (IMCS) which has standardized single platform and control system by reason of effective management. This paper presents the development of control program in such environment. This paper focuses especially on excitation control system in generator which suffers big change in expression method of control process.


Coupling of aryl halides with potassium cyanate takes place at 100-110 degrees C in alcohols under the catalysis of CuI (cuprous iodide) and 2-(2,6-dimethylphenylamino)-2-oxoacetic acid, affording the corresponding aryl carbamates with great diversity.


.\r.igonitic oolites {ooids) are present as a minor constituent of Georgia outer continental shelf and uppei slope sediments. I hey are found at depths between about 35 and 150 meters and are m ost abundant in a northsouth band at the continental shelf break. Oolites make up at a maximum , about 14  ̂ n of the total sediment. Associated shallow water foraniinifera and a carbon 14 date of 26,000 years B. P. indicate the origin of these oolites at a time of lowered Pleistocene sea level. I NT R OD U C T I O N C alcareous oolites (ooids) are a fairly a b u n  d a n t co n s t i tu en t of an c ien t l im estones an d are im p o r ta n t because th ey reflect a specific en v i ro n  m ent. T h is e n v iro n m e n t is one of w arm , shallow, a g i ta ted w aters, s u p e r sa tu ra te d in ca lc ium c a r  b o n a te (Newell, P u rd y an d Im brie , 1960). T h e occurrence of oolites in R ecen t c a rb o n a te b a n k sed im en ts is well d o cu m en ted w ith m an y exam ples b u t the ir presence in so called " n o n  c a rb o n a te " sed im en ts is m uch less com m on. S te tso n (1938), as a resu lt of a reconnaissance s tudy , m ade the in terest ing o b serv a t io n th a t oolites occur in some A tlan tic shelf sed im en ts of the S o u th e rn United S ta tes . A sim ilar occurrence of oolites was noted by S u b b a R ao (1964) in o u te r shelf sed im ents off th e E as t C o as t of Ind ia . B o th S te tson and S u b b a R ao conclude t h a t th e oolites were form ed d u ring lowered sea levels of the Pleistocene. T h e purpose of th is s tu d y is to inves t iga te in detail the n a tu re and areal d is  t r ib u tio n of oolites on the con t in en ta l shelf of Georgia.


By discussing the natural condition of mountain resources in Liaoning province and analysing the situation of exploitation utilization of mountain resources in this area,the major problems are pointed out:the forest land resources are destroyed,water and soil loss increased,the idea of exploitation utilization of mountain resources is out of date,the money is lacked,the forest land of planting woods is extensive,woods living rate is low,many mountain scenery resources is not utilized.And thd article put forward the countermeasures for conservation and exploitation utilization in achieving a sustainable development in the east and west mountain aresa in Liaoning province.


Objective To investigate the relationship between serum free fatty acid(FFA) and insulin resistance(IR) in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Methods A total of 118 patients with NAFLD and 103 healthy subjects were enrolled as NAFLD group and control group.Their serum FFA were measured,and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) indices were calculated.Results The level of serum FFA was(752.50±101.42) μmol/L,and HOMA-IR was 1.48±0.42 in NAFLD group.The levels of serum FFA and HOMA-IR were higher than those in control group [(441.75±95.64) μmol/L,0.67±0.33](P0.01).Serum FFA level was positively correlated with HOMA-IR in NAFLD group(r=0.325,P0.05).Conclusions FFA is closely associated with NAFLD,and IR may play a role in the pathogenesis of FFA to NAFLD.


R.K. Rajurkar1 and S.D. Deo2 Arts, Commerce and Science College, Tukum, Chandrapur (M.S.) India N.S. Science and Arts College, Bhadrawati, Dist.–Chandrapur (M.S.) firstname.lastname@example.com Abstract: In this paper we have studied anisotropic Bianchi type – I cosmological model with perfect fluid in bimetric theory of relativity. Further law of variation for Hubble parameter is studied in homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi type – I cosmological model which yields a constant value of deceleration parameter.


A system of vision-based mixed reality is developed for implementing outdoor gaming on a mobile device having a single camera and a slow CPU. To help the poor device, it is assumed that sufficiently many marker objects of the same size are scattered in the real world so that relative translation and rotation of the camera can be easily calculated from their position and size in the camera image. This system can be applied to outdoor games of which scenario allows for existence of some items that the markers can mimic


Abstract : This study investigated the naturally occuring relationship between social support, as measured by self-report and social skills as measured by self-report, a variety of behavioral measures, and rated physical attractiveness. Subjects were 84 male and 84 female introductory psychology students selected on the basis of high and low number scores on the Social Support Questionnaire. The subjects were videotaped in two dyadic situations with a same sex partner. Subjects also completed the Loneliness Questionnaire, a special social competence questionnaire, a story completion task and self and partner evaluations. The videotaped behavior was rated qualitatively and quantitatively. Significant differences were found in the social skills of subjects high and low in social support. Women also were found to be significantly more socially skilled and were rated as being more physically attractive than men. The various self-report and behavioral measures of social skills were significantly interrelated. The results help to delineate more clearly the dimensions of social support by demonstrating the relationship between social support and social skill.


The stories of traveling to exotic places are important tools of historical investigation, but it is necessary to analyze them considering some basic elements: the biography of the author, his training, the nature of his descriptions, the use of comparison, the cultural encounter, the effects of the publication in its country of origin. The author examines, in particular, two travel's stories to Cabo Verde: Samuel Brunner's Reise nach und zu den Senegambien Inseln des grunen Vorgeburges, published in Berne in 1840, and Uber die nach Capverden Rio Grande und dem-Futah Djallon, published from Cornelius Doelter in 1884 in Leipzig.


The availability of representative and disaggregate interaction data allows for a new range of "realistic" analysis with geographical information systems and spatial statistics. The paper uses the origin-destination commute data published from Cens us 1991 and 2001 to analyse interaction patterns generally within England and Wales and in more details around a number of cities. In the city "cases" specific attention is given to the "ra nge of influence" of each metropolitan area, measured through the variation in commute distances and the directionality of commuting. The cities are London, Manchester and Birmingham. These are chosen for their size and differences in regional context. In the general analysis – at the country-wide scale – special emphasis is put on deriving a representation of the scale and the corr idors of interaction from the relatively disaggregate data. A map of commuter flows in Engla nd nd Wales drawn from the ward-based OD-data is presented. Similar methods have been use d by the authors to assess the development trends in commuting in and around the largest urban areas in Denmark. The Danish data will be included in the paper for a comparison of commute d istances and its dependence on location in the urban area – between Denmark and England.


Few data exist on myelopathy associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection. These researchers describe clinical features in 13 patients with an inflammatory myelopathy and either (1) positive S. mansoni serology in blood, CSF, or both, or (2) ova in the stool.

The patients presented with pain and paresthesias in the back and lower limbs, weakness, urinary incontinence, and fever. Clinical findings were variable and included flaccid areflexic paraplegia, spastic paraplegia, or signs suggesting a lumbosacral radiculopathy. Sensory changes were consistent …


The composition of throughfall (TF) is influenced by wet and dry deposition on foliar surfaces and by chemical and biological interactions between rain and the foliage. The relative importance of these process was investigated for TF collected in the summer months of 1985, 1986 and 1997 under three subalpine species, chinquapin (Chrysolepis sempervirens Hjelmqvist), western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl.), and willow (Salix orestera Schneider), in the Emerald Lake Watershed, Sequoia National Park, California. The depth of rain and days since the last storm were used to predict net-TF deposition in a multiple linear regression model [...]


The present paper proposes a new methodology to characterize the landslide susceptibility of Reggio Calabria territory. The values obtained were classified into five categories: very low, low, medium, high and very high, and were than exported into GIS environment to produce a landslide susceptibility map. The principal objective of the proposed study is to identify the sections of the road network exposed to landslide hazards starting from the susceptibility map. To this aim, a fuzzy system was designed with 2 input, 15 rules "if-then" and 1 output representing the "level of attention" for the considered transport infrastructure, being a higher value of attention level correspondent to a higher landslide hazard. From the obtained results it is possible to notice that the most relevant roads in terms of connection, as the highway A3, the road SS106 and other roads linking the Ionian Coast to the Tirrenic Coast, are those displaying the highest level of attention. DOI: http://dx.medra.org/10.19254/LaborEst.13.09


The paper discusses the employment of the index composed from the dynamical tree of correlations among stock prices both with the popularly used standard (conventional) composite one. The spectral index focus on the dynamics of the correlation coefficients among stock prices while composite index is the dynamical aggregate of the whole stocks traded in the market. Some advantages is conjectured by incorporating both indexes to the historical data of Indonesian Stock Market data. Both are shown potentially useful for detecting the crisis as well as the general stock-prices relations on fundamental issues, generally social, economic, and political situations on which the Indonesian stock market is influenced.


Dredging of submarine rocks was catried out during the geological survey of the Okinawa Trough in the summer of 1995. Rock samples of fresh basalt in Place were collected from the sorthwest margin of the Yonaguni Depression,the eariest spreading part of a backarc basin in the southern Okinawa Trough. The sampling site was located at 24°54'-24°55' N and 123°11'-123°12' E. For trhe specimens, thin sechon examinahon, rare earth element and ndcroelement analysis, stronhum isotope assaying and petrochemistry stUdy were undertaken. The restilts show that the rock samples represent olivine tholeiite, whose distribuhon pattems in terms of rare earth element and ndcroelement charaterishcs are similar to those of P-MORB. The lavabelongs to a low silica undersamfated type, deriving from the upper manlle, around 43km below the surfase. In that depth, there is lower differenhation and slight hybridiahon, the minera begins crystalizing at temperatures ranging betWeen 1150℃and 1200℃.The studes suggest that the Olivine tholeiite start to solidify while the melted uPper manhe material rose rapidly and was exposed to the seawater or loose submarine sediments. It is signified that the seafloor spreading developed in the okinawa Trough at that time, or was a nonconhnenta crust. However, the Okinawa Trough is an important boundary between the petrologic tectonic environments under any circumstances.


A new species of the genus Alona (Cladocera: Chydoridae), related to Alona costata Sars, 1862 was found in the Drakensberg Mountains, South Africa. Alona natalensis sp. n. differs from all other species of the costata-group by its unique carapace sculpturing. The position of the new species within the genus and its morphological peculiarities are discussed. A key for the world fauna of the costata-group is provided. A. natalensis sp. n. is confined to the Eastern Escarpment area; all occurrences are located within the area with an effective temperature index below 14 oC. A complex of five endemic species of Anostraca (Hamer & Brendonk, 1997) as well as four recently described species of Chydoridae and Ilyocryptidae are confined to this area. Unlike widely distributed related species, A. natalensis sp. n. seems to be a relict species as defined by Korovchinsky (2006), confined to the restricted mountainous habitats.


Remarkable optical and electrical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene and transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers, offer vast technological potential for novel and improved optoelectronic nanodevices, many of which rely on nonlinear optical effects in these 2D materials. This paper introduces a highly effective numerical method for efficient and accurate description of linear and nonlinear optical effects in nanostructured 2D materials embedded in periodic photonic structures containing regular three-dimensional (3D) optical materials, such as diffraction gratings and periodic metamaterials. The proposed method builds upon the rigorous coupled-wave analysis and incorporates the nonlinear optical response of 2D materials by means of modified electromagnetic boundary conditions. This allows one to reduce the mathematical framework of the numerical method to an inhomogeneous scattering matrix formalism, which makes it more accurate and efficient than previously used approaches. An overview of linear and nonlinear optical properties of graphene and TMDC monolayers is given and the various features of the corresponding optical spectra are explored numerically and discussed. To illustrate the versatility of our numerical method, we use it to investigate the linear and nonlinear multiresonant optical response of 2D-3D heteromaterials for enhanced and tunable second- and third-harmonic generation. In particular, by employing a structured 2D material optically coupled to a patterned slab waveguide, we study the interplay between geometric resonances associated to guiding modes of periodically patterned slab waveguides and plasmon or exciton resonances of 2D materials.


Ovalona karelica (Stenroose, 1897) was first discovered for the invertebrate fauna of the Voronezh region south of the main habitat. It is a rare benthic species of sladocerans crustaceans (Crustacea, Cladocera). The species was encountered among macrophytes in thickets Typha angustifolia (L.) and Potamogeton lucens (L.) in two floodplain lakes of the Khopersky Nature Reserve in summer. The explored small lakes, where the species was found, are distinguished by the peculiarity of the floodplain regime; they are flooded from the main river in medium and high water years and remain connected to each other for some time. Lake Bolshoe Podpesochnoe has an area of 2.7 hectares and a maximum depth of up to 6 m. It is characterized by a low degree of overgrowing – 25%, the distance to the river Khoper is 1.1 km, last flooding was noted in 2018. The area of the lake Maloe Podpesochnoe is 1.9 ha, the maximum depth is up to 5 m, the degree of overgrowth is 35–40%, the distance to the river is 0.9 km, the last flood was in 2018. The size of the individuals encountered was from 380 to 420 microns, the abundance varied from 90 to 550 ind./m3, the share in the total number of planktonic invertebrates was from 0.1 to 0.32%. The discovery of Ovalona karelica is associated with the specificity of its habitat conditions and small number, and this also indicates a poor study of the fauna of phytophilic and benthic invertebrates in small floodplain water bodies.


ABSTRACT Slow-wave sleep and human growth hormone release in early sleep was studied in 10 normal subjects after graded daytime exercise. Only 4 of 10 subjects had greater postexercise slow-wave sleep and only 2 of 10 subjects had augmented post-exercise sleep release of human growth hormone. We conclude that slow-wave sleep and human growth hormone release in sleep may not be responsive to daytime exercise.


Aiming at the variable damping requirement of solar array vibration control, a hybrid-type rotary Magnetorheological(MR) damper was designed and tested. Based on the Bingham model, the torque of this hybrid-type mode was derived. Then, the method of finite element analysis was used for optimizing the damper structure. Finally, the design process of the rotary MR damper mechanical structure was presented. The prototype was manufactured for performance test on a test bench. The analysis indicated that hybrid-type mode might reduce the mass for the high material utilization rate. And the occurring of magnetic saturation could be postponed by chamfering the trunking corner felicitously, which might increase the damping torque by 31.29%. The test results showed that the torque adjustment region ranges from 0.3N·m to over 7N·m. And it was approximate speed uncorrelated in low rotational speed and feasible to use in solar array vibration control.


Objective : To investigate the prevalence of physical and psychological violence against women with female factor infertility. Materials and methods: A total of 400 women with primary infertility attending the Vali-e-asr Reproductive Health Research Center in Tehran, Iran, were interviewed using the conflict tactics Scales (CTS2) questionnaire to investigate their experiences of physical and psychological violence. Results: The prevalence of psychological violence was 135 (33.8%), followed by physical 56 (14%). All women reported their husbands to be the perpetrators. Conclusion: Clinicians should identify the abused women and provide them with medical care and supportive counseling.


Variation in tire-pavement noise levels produced by different ASTM Standard Reference Test Tires (SRTT) on ten different test track pavements was investigated using the on-board sound intensity method as a portion of the NCHRP 1-44 (1) Project, Measuring Tire-Pavement Noise at the Source: Precision and Bias. The measurements included eleven new SRTTs and six older, in-service tires. Ten different pavements were used in this evaluation including eight asphalt and two concrete test sections. The average of the ranges in level for the new tires as measured on the ten pavements was found to be 1.1 dB. In comparison, the average of ranges for a single tire tested multiple times was 0.7 dB. The six in-service tires produced a smaller average of ranges of 0.9 dB, however, when older and newer tires are considered together, the average increased to 1.6 dB. As groups, the older tires were found to produce levels 0.5 dB higher than the new tires on average. The older tires had higher tread rubber durometer hardness values than the new tires, however, within each group, consistent trends could not be identified. After nine months, the original new tires were retested. Some of the tires were subjected to mileage accumulation, accelerated aging, and wheel width changes. It was found that the effect of tire aging variables including hardness, tread depth, time since construction, and mileage, were not necessarily consistent from tire-to-tire. However, considering the extremes of durometer hardness, reduced tread depth, accumulated mileage, and in-service years, a proposed strategy for retiring test tires based on a combination of these factors is advanced.


The use of living linking reactions of poly(styryl)lithium with 1,3-bis(1-phenylvinyl)benzene followed by crossover reactions with styrene or butadiene monomers has been used to prepare four-armed heteroarm, star-branched polymers. Bimodal molecular weight distributions have been observed for crossover reactions with both styrene and butadiene. Addition of THF ([THF]/[Li]=14–32) for crossover to styrene and lithium sec-butoxide for crossover to butadiene produces monomodal molecular weight distributions. Symmetrical, four-armed star polystyrenes have been synthesized; properties have been compared with a corresponding polymer prepared via a silicon tetrachloride linking reaction. Heteroarm, star-branched polymers with two polystyrene arms and two polybutadiene arms with high 1,4-microstructure have been prepared.


The visible absorption and fluorescence spectra of metallo derivatives of tetrakis (ortho chlorophenyl) porphin (OCITPP) and tetraphenylporphin (TPP) in the presence of 2,4-dinitrochlorobonzene (DNCB) have been studied. Both the absorbance and the fluorescence intensity were found to be lower than those of metalloporphins in the absence of DNDB, indicating the formation of molecular complexes between the donor and the pi acceptor DNCL.Owing to the reduced molecular symmetry and ateric hindrance resulted from the monochloro-substitution at the orthophenyl positions,the binding between the donor and the acceptor for metalloporphins of OCITPP series, was weakened, and hence the fluorescence of metallopophins of OCITPP series was less quenched by DNCB than metalloporphins of TPP series.


Using sea surface temperature (SST) data from satellite observations and reanalysis, we revealed the long-term trend of coastal upwelling in the South China Sea (SCS) during 1982–2020. An upwelling index (topographic position index, TPI), defined as the SST difference between the center cell and its neighbors, was used to quantify the upwelling intensity. There are three typical regions (eastern Guangdong, eastern Hainan, and eastern Vietnam) of coastal upwelling in the SCS, in which the upwelling intensity showed an increasing trend during 1982–2020. For all three regions, the upwelling intensity trend reached ~0.2 °C per 10 years in the past 40 years or so. A satellite wind dataset, CCMP, and reanalysis products, ERA5 and ORAS5, were used to discuss the causes of intensified upwelling. Based on the CCMP, the enhanced upwelling in eastern Guangdong and eastern Hainan may be more related to the strengthening of the wind stress curl. Both alongshore wind stress and wind stress curl contribute to the enhanced upwelling in southern Vietnam, and the increasing trend of upwelling in northern Vietnam is not significantly related to the wind field. This study could contribute to the understanding of coastal upwelling response to the long-term climate change in a marginal sea under the background of global warming.


We investigated the reflection of light caused by sharp bends in optical fiber experimentally. The position distribution of reflection power was measured using an OTDR and an OLCR. We found that the reflection power increased linearly as the logarithm of the bending loss increased, which agrees with expectation from a simple theoretical model. We believe that the light we observed was part of the leaked light, which was reflected between the primary and secondary coatings. key words: re ection, sharp bends in optical ber, bending loss,


The pathways of fragmentation of electron impact-excited molecular ions of o- and p-dinitrobenzenes, o- and p-iodonitrobenzenes, and p-dinitrosobenzene were studied by field defocusing. The first stage in the fragmentation of the molecular ions of o- and p-dinitrobenzenes is an oxygen atom or a nitro group splitting off. The nitro-nitrite rearrangement of these compounds is only observed at the stage of formation of the nitrobenzene ion-radical. For iodonitrobenzene isomers, the nitro-nitrite rearrangement is observed at a first act of electron impact (EI)-induced fragmentation. Nitrogen-atom elimination is found to be one of the fragmentation routes of a p-dinitrobenzene ion


Various embodiments of methods and systems for adaptive thermal management techniques implemented in the portable computing device ( "PCD") is disclosed. In particular, in many PCD, but are not limited to, die junction temperature, such as a package-on-package ( "PoP") memory temperature and "contact temperature" of the outer surface of the device itself, and the temperature associated with the various components in the PCD threshold limits the degree to which execution capabilities of the PCD may be used. When violated temperature threshold, before heat aggressive processing component to allow the return to the maximum operating power, that the performance of PCD by the extent and time required to eliminate violations is sacrificed, is an advantage of various embodiments of a method and system for adaptive thermal management.


On the side of representative Jihua road(main road),Tongji road(secondary main road),Huayuanxi road(branch) in Foshan city, PM2.5samples were collected. And 12 kinds of metal elements and 9 kinds of water- soluble ions in PM2.5have been analyzied. Results showed that the daily average concentration of PM2.5in traffic environment of Foshan city were in order: Jihua road(173.3 μg/m3), Tongji road(141.2 μg/m3), Huayuanxi road(126.0 μ g/m3), had a significant positive correlation with traffic and were higher than the daily average concentration of PM2.5in urban 64.5 μg/m3. The contents of Fe、Al、Ca、Mg were higher, followed by Zn and Pb in three sampling points. These metals concentrations in each traffic environment were tested highest in Jihua road,followed by Tongji road and Huayuanxi road.The analysis of enrichment factor showed that the pollution of Cd,Zn, Pb, As were the most serious from man- made source. During sampling, SO42-, NO3-and NH4+were the main water- soluble ions of road environment.


The Collaborative Study of Obesity and Diabetes in Adults (CODA) project was formed to establish an international database of studies of abdominal obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to provide analyses of these associations using individual participant data (IPD) meta‐analytic techniques. The collaboration involves obtaining raw data from existing studies. The main objectives of the collaboration are to assess which simple anthropometric indices most closely predict the risk of T2DM in adults, and to investigate ethnicity and other factors that potentially modify that prediction. A second task related to primary prevention of diabetes subsequently evolved, the CODA‐2 project, and is concerned with population‐based methods to identify people most likely to benefit from diabetes interventions. This article describes the meta‐analysis design and the studies involved. The collaboration currently has 37 studies enrolled, providing data on 260 000 participants. The proposed IPD meta‐analyses will help resolve several outstanding issues in diabetes.


Contract law abhors incompleteness. Although no contract can be entirely complete, the idea of a purposefully incomplete or underspecified contract is antithetical to lawyers' ideals of certainty for the parties and for the law. Indeed, contract law is designed to incentivize parties to specifically articulate their intentions. Yet there is a growing body of interdisciplinary work in economics and cognitive psychology demonstrating that highly specified contracts tend to stifle intrinsic motivation and innovation, whereas less-specified contracts— particularly in public-private contracting, IP, and contracting for innovation—can induce higher effort levels and a more cooperative principal–agent relationship than the traditional approach. Nevertheless, there remain both entrenched doctrinal and sociolegal deterrents to drafting less-specified contracts. This Article argues that the existing doctrinal roadblocks to incomplete contracts are out of step with the normative goals of commercial contracting—promoting efficiency and incentivizing commercial activity. The indefiniteness doctrine and current approaches to contract interpretation, for instance, over-deter the use of incomplete contracting even when it would be efficient. Ultimately, this Article suggests a new doctrinal approach for those contracts where the law should incentivize incomplete contracting, borrowing from principles of constitutional interpretation: dynamic contextualist interpretation. Courts should look not only to party intent at the moment when the contract was formed but should consider how intentions developed during contract performance. Rather than punishing incompleteness, flexibility should guide determinations of validity and questions of interpretation. † Assistant Professor, DePaul University College of Law. I wish to thank Kelli Alces, Shawn Bayern, Monu Bedi, Lisa Bernstein, Christopher Buccafusco, Anthony Casey, Emily Cauble, David Hoffman, Zack Gubler, Andrew Gold, Max Helveston, Michael Jacobs, Bob Lawless, Dan Markel, Martha Minow, Brian Netter, Zoe Robinson, Karen Sandrik, Christopher Schmidt, Henry Smith, Tom Ulen, Melissa Wasserman, and Verity Winship, for comments and advice on this Article. I am also grateful to the attendees of the University of Chicago Junior Faculty Workshop and the DePaul Faculty Workshop.


Abstract : This document provides a summary of the development of protocol software between a new host interface, designated as HDH, and C-30/IMP using a XQCP controller for access from a LSI-11 Q bus.


Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death in gynecological malignancies and the seventh most common cancer in the world among women. Aim and objectives: The main aim of this study was to study the feasibility and ability of laparoscopy in predicting optimum respectability in cases of ovarian cancer. Conclusion: Laparoscopy has an effective feasibility and ability in predicting optimum respectability in cases of ovarian cancer. As laparoscopy before starting treatment was a reliable additional diagnostic tool in predicting result of PDS, this can prevent laparotomies. This will optimize treatment for the individual patient.


A brief review of pitting, which is a localized corrosion process resulting from pitting and fatigue interaction has been conducted in this paper. The transition of a pit to a crack is a very important phenomenon occurring under PCF conditions. Various theories for transition of a pit to a crack were examined within the limits of present understanding and limitations of the models. The transition of a pit to a crack was also discussed for a variety of pit shapes utilizing the pit aspect ratios, defect size and linear elastic fracture mechanics, crack tip characterizing parameters such as Mode I stress intensity factor range. Pitting corrosion and fatigue interaction is presented in terms of a four-stage model hypothesized within electrochemical and mechanical components. Limited data are presented to support the hypotheses in this paper, which need to be validated with more data.


This paper presents a comparison between split tensile strength of normal concrete by adding 12% ultrafine slag (Alccofine) and varying percentage of steel fibers. Different materials like fly ash, silica fume, GGBS, rice husk ash has played important part in the development of high performance concrete. During recent past use of mineral admixture has gained pace. There is huge savings in terms of energy and cost when industrial by products are used as partial replacement of cement which is otherwise highly energy intensive. In this paper one of the mineral admixture ultra fine slag (alccofine) is used as a partial replacement of cement. Due to its appropriate size and shape this mineral admixture can be used comfortably even under low water cement ratio. In this paper cement is partially replaced by a fixed amount of alccofine i.e. 12% by weight of cement which has been calculated from previous literatures. Concrete cylinders with 12% alccofine and Steel fibers of varying weight were casted and tested at different ages of curing. Flexural strength was also determined using similar variations of steel fibers and alccofine. Efforts have been done to investigate the performance of concrete using ultra fine slag and steel fibers which can be termed as high strength and high performance concrete.


Abstract In the paper the System-On-the-Chip (SOC) based on a FPGA circuit is presented to collect input data, perform conditioning and to generate the control signals for the cable system equipped with the MR damper. The FPGA configuration and SOC programming techniques are shown. Experimental results of a semi-active vibration control system controlled by the SOC module are considered. A research is conducted how to mitigate or reduce vibrations by control algorithms.


Novo, R. J.; VIGLIANCO A. y NASSETA, M., 1998: Ensayos de efecto antialimentario de extractos de plantas nativas sobre Anticarsia gemmatalis Hub. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Bol. San. Veg. Plagas, 24(3): 525-530. The antifeedant activity of plant extracts of native plants of Argentina on larvae of 4th and 5th instar of Anticarsia gemmatalis Hub. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is analyzed. Crude extracts in ethanol, chloroform and hexane of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. (Chenopodiaceae) and Larrea divaricata Cav. (Zigophylaceae), ethanolic extract of Ximena americana L. (Olacaceae) and chloroformic extract oi Artemisia verlotorum Lamotte (Asteraceae) were studied. The antifeedant activity was assayed by means of choice test on leaf disks treated and non treated (controls) placed into petri dishes. For each extract and Food Preference Index (FPI) was established to determine the most active extracts. The results obtained show that ethanolic and chloroformic extracts of Larrea divaricata and ethanolic extract of Chenopodium ambrosioides at the concentration of 5% had the major antifeedant effect.


We prove that the hierarchical fractal model recently proposed for describing the stretched polymers [A. N. Samukhin et al, Phys. Rev. Lett.{\bf 78}, 326(1997)] is equivalent to a one-dimensional chain with hierarchical aperiodic structure. By use of the transfer matrix technique we calculate the electronic transmission and the dc conductance. We find that there exist sharp-edged transmission subbands and gaps, but the transmission subbands are rich in substructures which show self-similarity. The temperature dependence of conductance $g (T)$ is sensitive to the variation of the Fermi level and to the structure parameters $m$ and $n$ of the original fractal structure. The relationship of the obtained results to the experimental data and other theoretical works is discussed.


The article describes the diplomatic activity of Mikhail Nikolayevich von Giers. He made a brilliant career in the Russian Empire; during the October Revolution he was the Russian ambassador to Italy and the doyen of the Russian foreign diplomatic corps. Throughout the pre-revolutionary period Mikhail Nikolayevich did a lot to improve the activity of the diplomatic corps. He became one of the founders of the unique "state outside borders" — the Russia Аbroad, and took an active part in working out the new statute of a stateless person and the so-called "Nansen certificate". On a parallel with that, he participated in solving all issues of importance to the refugee community. He did all in his power to help his compatriots so that they could eventually return to their homeland and contribute to the rebirth of Russia.


Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system. Although the CNS possesses the ability to repair demyelinating insults, in certain cases, such as the chronic lesions found in multiple sclerosis, remyelination fails. Cycling cells capable of becoming oligodendrocytes have been identified in both the developing and the adult mammalian forebrain. Many studies have focused on differences in gene expression profiles as oligodendrocyte progenitors differentiate into myelinating oligodendrocytes by isolating cells at different developmental stages from animals at a single age. However, few have studied the differences that exist between the progenitors of the neonatal CNS and those of the adult CNS. This study examined the response of neonatal and adult O4+ cells to platelet‐derived growth factor‐AA, basic fibroblast growth factor, and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 and revealed marked differences. Whereas adult cells readily differentiated in vitro, the majority of neonatal progenitors remained immature. Microarray analysis was used to examine differences between acutely isolated neonatal and adult progenitors further. Gene expression profiles showed that the adult O4+ cells are more developmentally mature than neonatal cells. Neonatal cells expressed higher levels of genes involved in proliferation. Adult O4+ cells expressed higher levels of transcripts for genes involved in cell death and survival. Therefore, O4+ cells from the adult differ greatly from those of the neonate, and the developmental stage of the animal models utilized must be taken into consideration when applying principles from neonatal systems to the adult. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


SUMMARY In many applications involving follow-up studies, individuals' lifetimes may be subject to left truncation in addition to the usual right censoring. Here we consider the product-limit estimator of the survival curve S or an appropriate conditional version of S. The asymptotic behaviour of the estimator is briefly described together with an example.


Molecules of the title compound, C23H30N2O4, are located on a crystallographic mirror plane. The molecule has a curved shape with the dihedral angle formed between the two benzene rings being 55.26 (5)°. Intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds are noted. In the crystal, supramolecular layers are formed in the ac plane owing to the presence of C—H⋯π interactions.


The genus Striga includes 11 parasitic plants species of food crops in at least 50 African countries. Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth. is a major biotic constraint to the cereal crops production in Africa. It is the most widespread species in �elds in Burkina Faso and grows on all types of soil inducing losses estimated at 35–40% on sorghum and millet. The signi�cant reductions in yields result in insu�cient food for the populations. This study aims to identify local plants with bio-herbicidal properties for the management of Striga hermonthica. The inhibiting and stimulating effect of aqueous extracts from 13 local plant species on the germination of Striga seeds was assessed in vitro.


We investigate constellation-induced SNR gain in short-reach OFDM with direct detection for various distances and laser linewidths. Performance improvement by using alternate constellations is more significant for lower quality lasers, especially for 8-QAM. As transmission distance increases, higher SNR gain is obtained (1.92dB for 100km).


We studied two kinds of techniques of symmetry encryption and not,by adopting the encryption strategy in the router, realizes the encryption transmission of public data on the circuit,which guaranteed the data corresponding in (safety).


In recent years, domain-driven data mining (D3M) has received extensive attention in data mining. Unlike the traditional data-driven data mining, D3M tends to discover actionable knowledge by tightly integrating the data mining methods with the domain-specific business processes. However, in most cases, the domain specific actionable knowledge cannot be discovered without the support of domain knowledge, mainly provided by human experts. Thus, the human-machine-cooperated interactive knowledge discovery process is widely applied in real-world applications. Active learning can integrate the automated learning algorithm with the domain experts. The main aim of the paper is to get the information from domain experts to the generalized queries with don't care attribute using data mining with addition off Active Learning with Generalized Queries Algorithm.


Retraction: "LINC00449 regulates the proliferation and invasion of acute monocytic leukemia and predicts favorable prognosis," by Yuan Shi, Yuandong Zhu, Xiao Zheng, and Zhuojun Zheng, J Cell Physiol. 2020; 6536‐6547: The above article, published online on 21 January 2020 in Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/jcp.29487), and the corresponding Erratum, published on July 30 2020 (https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.29980), have been retracted by agreement between, the journal's Editor in Chief, Prof. Dr. Gregg Fields, and Wiley Periodicals LLC.


This study quantifies the price impacts from the closure of all U.S. horse slaughter plants in 2007 on live horses at a Montana auction. The hedonic pricing model includes supply and demand factors such as horse-specific characteristics, spatial and time effects, the U.S. economic downturn beginning in 2008, and slaughter plant closures. The hedonic model was estimated using a quantile regression, which revealed price declines of 12% to 16% for horses priced at or below $1,500 per head attributable to the end of U.S. horse slaughter.