Abstract The karst process acts as carbon sequestration for atmospheric CO2. The amount of karst carbon sequestration (KCS) depends on the discharge of karst catchment and inorganic carbon concentration of the water body. Based on the data from the monitoring station on Banzhai subterranean stream located in Maolan National Nature Reserve of Guizhou province, the process and influence factors of KCS have been analyzed. It shows that the amount of KCS is about 353 t C per year in the catchment of Banzhai subterranean stream, and there is good linear relationship between the strength of KCS and discharge of the stream at various time scales. Therefore, how to monitor the discharge accurately is the key to the estimation of KCS. And stations with real-time monitoring function are very important for KCS calculation because of strong seasonal variability of the karst water cycle. Citation He, S.-Y., Z.-Q. Kang, Q.-Y. Li, et al., 2012: The utilization of real-time high resolution monitoring techniques in karst carbon sequestration: A case study of the station in Banzhai subterranean stream catchment. Adv. Clim. Change Res., 3(1), doi: 10.3724/SP.J.1248.2012.00054.


The 'Fm' gene renders Kadaknath (KN) a unique breed among all native fowls of India, owing to its effect in overproducing black (melanin) pigments in skin and virtually all visceral tissues. A study was undertaken to delineate various pigmentation-phenotypes arising due to expression of alleles from two major skin-color loci: 'Fm' and 'Id' and evaluate their impact on growth and carcass-quality, involving an F2 generation of Kadaknath-crossbreds derived from KN-White Rock (WR) crosses. A total of 230 F2 chickens were reared till their slaughter at 10 weeks of age and evaluated for plumage patterns, skin-pigmentation, growth and carcass-quality traits. The results revealed four primary skin-pigmentation patterns among the F2 progeny: (a) White (no traces of pigment), (b) un-pigmented with pinpoint black spots, (c) intermediate-black or Slaty and (d) intensely-black (fully-pigmented) skin color. A Chi-square analysis involving alleles from these skin-color loci, encompassing ratio of F2 skin-color phenotypes revealed non-significant deviation between the observed and expected ratio. Analysis of variance comparing differences between two resultant skin-color phenotypes i.e. pigmented versus non-pigmented, pooled over the F2-lot, yielded non-significant differences for both growth and carcass quality traits. The plumage-color patterns analyzed on F2 progeny suggested secondary roles for the 'C' and 'I' loci in modulating the intensity of skin-pigmentation of resultant-phenotypes. It was concluded that hyperpigmentation of skin was primarily controlled by autosomal locus 'Fm' being subject to epistatic-interaction from sex linked 'Id' genes, where feather-pigmentation genes from 'C' and 'I' loci apparently played modifying roles.


We examine whether average country-level stock market correlation is related to global equity returns. Previous research focusing on the U.S. suggests that average firm-level correlation captures some of the risk not accounted for by other variables and is positively related to returns on the broad stock market. In contrast, we find that average country-level correlation does not appear to be related to global returns, and that the Roll (1977) critique is not responsible for this lack of relation. Empirically, average correlation does not help forecast returns. JEL classification: G11, G15


Background: Garlic and Zataria multiflora boiss (ZMB) are herbal medicines used traditionally in the treatment of infections, including candidal vaginitis. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effect of garlic and ZMB vaginal cream 2%, in the treatment and recurrence of candidal vaginitis. Methods: This randomized, double-blinded clinical trial was conducted on 240 married women with candidal vaginitis. The patients used 5 gr garlic, ZMB or clotrimazole vaginal cream 2% daily, for 7 days. Complaints of the patients, clinical observations and laboratory parameters were recorded before treatment, on days 7 and 30, after treatment. The data were analyzed by SPSS v. 21 through chi-square, Fisher, ANOVA with repeated measures, McNemar and Kruskal-Wallis tests. A P 0.05). Mean scores of candidal symptoms reduced significantly in all groups at on 7 and 30, after treatment (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Garlic and ZMB vaginal cream 2% can be used as an effective treatment option in cases of drug resistance and, also, by the people who are interested in treating with herbal medicines.


Let (M, d(x, y)) be a metric space. Thus M is a nonempty set and d(x, y) is a real-valued function defined for x, y ∈ M such that d(x, y) ≥ 0 for all x, y ∈ M , d(x, y) = 0 if and only if x = y, d(x, y) = d(y, x) for all x, y ∈ M , and d(x, z) ≤ d(x, y) + d(y, z) (1) for all x, y, z ∈ M. A subset E of M is said to be bounded if d(x, y), x, y ∈ E, is a bounded set of real numbers. In this event we define the diameter of E, denoted diam E, to be the supremum of d(x, y), x, y ∈ E.


In this work, the conventional threshold voltage ( Vth) extraction method assuming ohmic contacts in organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) was shown to be difficult to obtain the intrinsic Vth values for devices with non-negligible contact properties. A simple Vth extraction method based on a modified analytical current-voltage expression in the saturation regime was thus proposed to exclude the influence of the contact properties. By applying the method to experimental devices of two different contacts, apparent Vth values close to the intrinsic values were obtained, which proved the method to be useful for accurate device characterization and modeling of OTFTs.


From the MeOH extract of the aerial part of Blumea balsamifera L., a new dihydroflavonol, (2R,3S)‐(−)‐4′‐O‐methyldihydroquercetin (1), together with seven known compounds has been isolated. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1–4 and 6–8 displayed significant xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity in a concentration‐dependent manner, and compounds 1, 6 and 8 showed more potent inhibitory activity, with IC50 values ranging from 0.23 to 1.91 µ m, than that of a positive control allopurinol (IC50 2.50 µ m). Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Abstract This essay discusses the role played by the spectator in establishing pictorial unity in modernist pictures. Section one presents older interpretations of Matisse's Bathers by the Stream (figure 1). Section two turns to the most suggestive recent art historical account of pictorial unity, Leo Steinberg's analysis of Picasso's Les Demoiselles d'Avignon. When Picasso establishes pictorial unity by drawing the spectator into his picture, he creates potential conflicts between male and female interpreters. Following Steinberg, part three gives an original interpretation of Matisse's picture. While Les Demoiselles shows women aggressively soliciting the spectator, Bathers presents figures in a space set apart from the spectator. Picasso forces the spectator into an erotic encounter; Matisse creates an Arcadia we can view, but cannot imagine entering. Steinberg encourages us to respond, within limits, subjectively to Picasso's painting. Part four explains the subjective origin of my account of Bathers.


Abstract A scheme for parameterizing the fractional cloud coverage of trade cumuli is developed which gives the cloud cover in terms of the cloud-layer relative humidity and the liquid water content of the convective elements. This parameterization gives good agreement with cloud observations obtained during the Atlantic Trade-Wind Experiment, 1969. The scheme was incorporated into a simple one-dimensional model of the thermodynamic structure of the trade-wind boundary layer in order to evaluate the dependence of cloud cover on sea surface temperature, surface wind speed, and radiative processes. For steady-state conditions over relatively cold water (∼16°C), the cloud cover decreases as sea surface temperature increases while over warmer water (∼24°C) there is a slight increase in cloud cover as the sea surface temperature increases. When used in a downstream mode, the model structure obtained by moving from cold to warm water can be used to evaluate the effect of advection. Over cold water, the advectiv...


We appreciate the enthusiasm for our recent publication highlighting the global distribution of a long-unrecognized third clade of rhinoviruses. Robust, sequence-based clock estimates with associated confidence limits indicate that these viruses have been circulating for hundreds of years (1), consistent with the presence of such viruses in historic samples. As isolates from various collections are analyzed in informative regions (e.g., virus protein [VP] 4/2 or VP1), we will undoubtedly find examples in which human rhinoviruses (HRVs) could have been classified as members of the new species HRV-C but were not because the characteristics that define HRV-C were not yet appreciated or because only noncoding sequences had been analyzed. Indeed, we anticipate that waxing interest in HRVs may well lead to the discovery of additional clades.

There has been discussion in the field as to whether the novel sequences represent a sublineage HRV-A2 of the classified species HRV-A (2,3), as Mackay et al. had proposed, or whether they should be considered as representatives of a third species of HRV (4,5). The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) is charged with the recognition and naming of taxonomic entities. Thus, we provisionally designated our sequences as a novel clade distinct from HRV-A and HRV-B (4) and submitted a proposal to ICTV with data supporting the recognition of HRV-C as a third species of rhinovirus. The proposal was recently approved by the ICTV Study Group on Picornaviruses (Europic May 2008 meeting in Sitges, Spain). Irrespective of taxonomic discourse, we agree with Mackay and colleagues that molecular analyses of as-yet-uncultured HRVs are fascinating and have potential to reveal unexpected insights into the role of HRVs in disease.


The exact values of the crossing number is known only for a specific family of graphs. There are few results concerning crossing numbers of join of some graphs. We give the exact value of crossing number of the join of a certain graph G on with an empty graph, a path and a cycle respectively on m vertices. General Terms Computational Mathematics, Graph Theory.


Japanese Committee of Next Generation Printed Wiring Boards has forecasted the development of assembly and PCB technology in future ten years. IC package substrate and substrate used in portability electronic product, automobile electron, high frequency application were introduced especially. In the paper, the conclusion of Japanese Committee of Next Generation Printed Wiring Boards was reviewed.


Abstract The reactivity of gem-dicyano epoxides with various alkenes is studies in solvent free conditions, and in homogeneous solution, under microwave irradiation. Microwave heating of these substrates in solvent, yields carbonyl ylides which give 1-3-dipolar cycloaddition.


The electromagnetic instability of a relativistic electron beam penetrating an infinite plasma is analyzed. The purpose of this paper is to determine the effect of collisions within the plasma upon the growth rate of the Weibel-type electromagnetic instability. The dispersion relation including the effect of collisions is solved analytically and numerically. It is found that collisions can enhance the growth rate of the electromagnetic instability in the case of low plasma temperature.


ZHANG Bo-ling,the famous educator in Chinese modern history is the pioneer of physical education in North China and the 1st man of proposing Olympics in China.He has contributed his life to the spread and development of modern Olympic in China.His thinking of physical education is advanced at that time and important for our present educational reform and development of physical education.


This is a book review of Padgett, John F. and Walter W. Powell (Eds.) (2012) "The Emergence of Organizations and Markets." Princeton: Princeton University Press, xxii 583 pages, ISBN 978-0-691-14887-8.


Abstract:To understand how public spaces might support children's development, this study explored the activities and experiences of children (6-12 years) in two designated Child-Friendly Integrated Public Spaces (Ruang Publik Terpadu Ramah Anak, or RPTRAs) in low-income neighborhoods in Jakarta, Indonesia. Thirty-four children participated in interviews, drawing activities, observations, and child-led tours. Reflexive thematic analysis identified play, work, and rest as ways in which children use RPTRA sites for activities that afford their sense of competence. This study contributes to the use of a developmental-affordances framework to explore children's experiences in public space, which can inform urban design practices that promote the psychosocial development of children from low-income families.


We report on the numerical investigation and analytical modeling of tapered terahertz nanoantennas. We show that the maximum field enhancement at the antenna tip is achieved for small taper angles rather than in a more traditional dipolar (wire-like) geometry.


Three new species Lobothallia elobulata , L. iqbalii , and L. pakistanica from Pakistan are described as new to science and illustrated. Lobothallia elobulata is characterized by the absence of lobes, the presence of a distinct black hypothallus, and small, almost sphaeric ascospores 9 – 12 × 5 – 8 μ m. Lobothallia iqbalii is characterized by its crustose – placodioid thallus with large appressed apothecia, single on areole, a high hymenium, 100 – 150 μ m tall, and absence of prothallus and secondary metabolites. Lobothallia pakistanica is characterized by its thin, closely adnate, lobate thallus, lecanorine – aspiciloid apothecia, 2 – 3 on areole, and the absence of secondary metabolites. A comparative morpho-anatomical study and ITS-based molecular analysis confirmed the position of the species within the genus Lobothallia .


This paper presents a vehicle reidentification algorithm for consecutive detector stations on a freeway, whereby a vehicle measurement made at a downstream detector station is matched with the vehicle's corresponding measurement at an upstream station. The method is illustrated using measured vehicle lengths from paired loop detector speed traps. Where speed traps are quite common, often placed at half mile spacings or less on urban freeways. In conventional operation, these detectors only monitor traffic conditions over the loops, leaving most of the freeway unmonitored. By taking the difference in known arrival times for a matched vehicle, it is possible to measure true link travel time and thus, quantify conditions between detector stations. This approach is significant because no one has attempted to use the existing detector infrastructure to match vehicle measurements between detector stations. The results of this work suggest that it is possible to extract a sufficient number of vehicle matches for traffic surveillance applications, while accepting few, if any, false positives. Thus, with the new algorithm, it will be possible to evaluate applications of travel time data without deploying new detector hardware. Keywords: traffic surveillance, loop detectors, travel time measurement, vehicle reidentification


Two types of representative rimmed steels and two typical killed steels were selected in order to compare the effect of different deoxygenating degrees. The pitting initiation susceptibility of these steels was compared by polarization tests in 3% NaCl solution. The results showed that the pitting potentials of rimmed steels were higher than those of the killed steels obviously. And the morphology of pitting corrosions was also quite different. The differences in pitting initiation susceptibility are attributed to the deoxidization technology in steel-making process and the kinds of inclusions in steels.


Existing paired comparison models used for ranking football teams primarily focus on either wins and losses or points scored (either via each team's total or a margin of victory). While reasonable, each approach fails to produce satisfactory rankings in frequently arising situations due to its ignorance of additional data. We propose a new, hybrid model incorporating both wins and constituent scores and show that it outperforms its competitors and is robust against model mis-specification based on a series of simulation studies. We conclude by illustrating the method using the 2003-04 and 2004-05 college football seasons.


This chapter examines how the emergence of Japan as a leading naval power influenced thinking on security and defence throughout the 'British world'. It concentrates on Australia and New Zealand, where a mixture of strategic anxiety and racial panic fed powerful calls to shore up national defence. In the years after the Russo-Japanese War, as anti-Japanese rhetoric hung heavy in the air, both dominions introduced compulsory military training, sought to establish autonomous naval forces, and demanded a greater degree of imperial protection. As the chapter shows, fear of Japan became a powerful factor in shaping Australasian ideas of nationhood and empire, increasingly recast in militarist, racialized terms. It explores a number of episodes in which these efforts collided, at both an ideological and political level, with Britain's own strategic priorities: the visit of the American 'Great White Fleet' to New Zealand and Australia; the 'dreadnought scare' of 1909; and the subsequent imperial defence conference.


The study examined relationship between the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Nigeria with the inputs of labour, capital and the output of fisheries. This is to ascertain that the fisheries contribution to the economy is more than is recorded in the sense that taking its indirect and direct economic impact into account, its overall contribution to the GDP of Nigeria may be higher than that measured by the national accounts. The Co-integration test was carried out; the trace statistic test reveals that at 5% level of significance, that at most 2 equations are co-integrated, since their absolute values are greater than the critical values at 5% level of significant. The Max-Eigen values also reveals that at  5% level of significance, that at most 2 equations are co-integrated, since their absolute values are greater than their critical values (i.e. 89.23411>31.46 and 46.65230>25.54). This corroborated the trace statistics, therefore, it is concluded that there is a long run equilibrium relationship between the 4 identified variables (GDP, F, K, L) in the model. The results established the fact that the fisheries sub-sector of Nigerian economy could be regarded as economic base of the  country, especially in the coastal part of the country in which the life of people depend on fish based live hood strategies.  [Mafimisebi and Thompson. Empirical Evidence of Fisheries Sub-Sector's Contribution to the  Nigerian Economy. International Journal of Agricultural Science, Research and Technology, 2012; 2(1):31-35].


Tobacco was transplanted at the Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA, on 29 Mar. Plots 3 rows wide (36 inches apart) by 20 ft long were arranged in a randomized complete block design replicated 4 times. Treatments were separated by single untreated border rows with the center row of each 3 row plot being sprayed. Blocks were separated by 5 ft vacant alleys on each end. Nine insecticide treatments were applied on 16 May with a CO2-powered backpack sprayer delivering 22.2 gal/acre of formulation at 35 psi. Three TX-12 hollow cone nozzles were arranged directly over each treated row. Number of aphids, budworms, and hornworms per 7 plants were recorded 3, 7, and 14 DAT.


Haemophilus parasuis was one of the common bacterial disease pathogen of pigs,clinically characterized by fibrinous polyserositis,fibrinous arthritis and meningitis.It had importance significance that the expressed proteins of different virulent H.parasuis strains were profiled by the comparative proteomic approach to reveal the mechanism of pathogenisis.We chose 2different virulent stains,stain A and stain B,of H.parasuis serotype 4for comparative analysis,10 differently expressed proteins were analyzed and identified by 2-DE and MALDI-TOF-MS.In all proteins differentially expressed,3protein spots were upregulated in strain A,they were glutamyltRNA synthetase,cysteine synthase and hypothetical protein,and 7protein spots were upregulated in strain B included YaeT protein(omp85),CTP synthetase,aspartyl-tRNA synthetase(3spots),uridylate kinase,protein-export chaperone SecB and so on.The function of expressed pro-teins mainly consisted of protein biosynthesis,amino-acid biosynthesis and pyrimidine biosynthesis.These results further enrich the information of virulence factors and pathogenic mechanisms of the H.parasuis strains,and also lay a foundation for study of immune proteomic.


In recent years much has been written regarding the preparation and effects of the field experience involvement for pre-service teachers. In 2013 the Teacher Education Department (TED) faculty and Office of Field Placements at the University of Nebraska at Omaha (UNO) began an in depth review and examination of our pre-service teachers' engagement during their field practicums in urban and suburban schools throughout the Omaha Metro area. The roundtable presentation will discuss the revisions that the TED has undergone in the last three years to improve courses that have a field practicum component, as well as the benefits and challenges of the increased hours in the field. In recent years much has been written regarding the preparation and effects of field experience practicums required of pre-service teacher candidates (Arrastia, Rawls, Brinkerhoff & Roehrig, 2014; Darling-Hammond & Bransford, 2005). The College of Education's philosophy and purpose are grounded in the central principles identified by the faculty for preparing graduates who are dedicated practitioners, reflective scholars, and responsible citizens. Each of these central principles focuses on the knowledge, skills, and dispositions associated with each principle. The College of Education at UNO celebrates and embraces its unique metropolitan mission to prepare dedicated professionals committed to excellence in education and human development. Our candidates acquire the knowledge, skills, and dispositions of leaders ready to fulfill critical roles in shaping the future of their communities. The College of Education provides resources and opportunities for the growth and development of dedicated practitioners, reflective scholars, and responsible citizens through a wide variety of academic programs and student support services. History of Field Experience Practicums in the College of Education During 2012-2013 there was an increased number of clinical practice (student teaching) teachers who required intervention during their final practicum experience. Despite rigorous and intensive intervention, 11% of the clinical practice teachers failed the experience during the fall of 2012, 10% during the spring of 2013, and 14% in the fall of 2013. The clinical practice program was reviewed and a plan of action was set into motion. Prior to 2013 faculty teaching courses in the College of Education had the autonomy to plan, coordinate and place pre-service teacher candidates in field experience practicums in school districts throughout the Omaha Metropolitan area. Each course in the program that had a required practicum was reviewed. Faculty were asked if they were willing to block their courses and make changes in course practicum requirements. All faculty with a practicum were willing to make course delivery changes. Beginning the fall 2013 semester, faculty worked collaboratively with the Field Experience Office and local school districts to place candidates in experiences in blocked supervised practicum experiences to cumulatively build their knowledge, skills and dispositions. 1 Shillingstad and McGlamery: Field Experience Practicums Published by DigitalCommons@UNO, 2017 Building the BRIDGES Program Many stakeholders (department chairs, faculty, staff, field experience personnel) were brought together to analyze the teacher education program and practicum experiences. The Building Relevant Integrated Developmentally Guided Experiences for Students (BRIDGES) model was developed in 2013 in an effort to improve the quality of our program (see Table 1). The Field Experience director worked to set up school district partners to assist the COE in building a program designed to continually inform and improve practice from the beginning practicum experience to clinical practice. Table 1: BRIDGES: Building Relevant Integrated Developmentally Guided Experiences for Students Elementary Major All Majors Secondary Majors Pre-Education Courses Foundations of Education & Human Relations Advanced Block Teaching & Assessing Reading Teaching of Mathematic Teaching of Science 40+ hours of field experience Beginning Block Human Growth and Learning Beginning Field Experience 6-10 hours of field experience Advanced Block Secondary Classroom Management Literacy & Learning 40+ hours of field experience Final Block Teaching of Social Studies & Teaching of Reading & Language Arts 40+ hour field experience Intermediate Block Applied Special Education Planning for Effective Teaching 40+ hour field experience Final Block Special Methods in the Content Area 40+ hour field experience Clinical Practice 14-16 week field experience Clinical Practice 14-16 week field experience Clinical Practice 14-16 week field experience The theoretical framework of each course cumulatively builds the candidate's knowledge base, skills and dispositions as the candidate progresses from beginning, to intermediate, to final block and then clinical practice (student teaching). Throughout BRIDGES, candidates are fully supported by faculty, instructional coaches, and supervising teachers. Faculty and instructional coaches support candidates in the field experience by providing immediate guidance and feedback. Each candidate participates in 140+ coached/supervised hours throughout the blocked practicum experiences prior to entering their clinical practice. The candidates' performance is assessed using INTASC Standards at each level, utilizing rubrics which were developed from the final rubric used to assess candidates in the clinical practice. Scaffolded sets of competencies were developed for each practicum in the teacher education program. For each course that has a practicum experience 30% of the final grade is attached to the practicum (all or none of the 30% is earned by the candidate). If a candidate fails to meet minimum competency in the practicum they are not awarded the 30%, therefore they do not pass the course. The college began using a commercial assessment product, LiveText, in the spring of 2012. LiveText replaced a previously used portfolio-based system. The product was first used to collect assignments. The second phase of implementation included using the field experience management tool. Beginning in the fall of 2013, the college used the system to communicate and track candidates as they moved through multiple field experiences including their clinical teaching semester. The system allowed for evaluative data to be collected from University as well as P‐12 practitioners. Supervision, feedback and debriefing of the students' knowledge, skills and dispositions also occurs through formal and informal assessments, such as direct observations, videos, journals, lesson plans, papers, discussion, evaluation forms and reports. Program renewal, redevelopment and revision has it triumphs and challenges. Each semester faculty, preservice teacher candidates, instructional coaches, Field Experience staff, building administrators, and P-12 supervising teachers are asked for feedback. The continuous feedback has assisted those delivering the BRIDGES program with continuous data to assist in program improvement. 2 Journal of Curriculum, Teaching, Learning and Leadership in Education, Vol. 2, Iss. 1 [2017], Art. 6 http://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/ctlle/vol2/iss1/6 *Authors are currently collating and analyzing the data from LiveText on the preservice teacher's experiences (benefits and challenges) in the BRIDGES program.


Developing landslide susceptibility modeling is essential for detecting landslide-prone areas. Recently, deep learning theories and methods have been investigated in landslide modeling. However, their generalization is hindered because of the limited size of landslide data. In the present study, a novel deep learning-based landslide susceptibility assessment method named deep random neural network (DRNN) is proposed. In DRNN, a random mechanism is constructed to drop network layers and nodes randomly during landslide modeling. We take the Lushui area (Southwest China) as the case and select 12 landslide conditioning factors to perform landslide modeling. The performance evaluation results show that our method achieves desirable generalization performance (Kappa = 0.829) and outperforms other network models such as the convolution neural network (Kappa = 0.767), deep feedforward neural network (Kappa = 0.731), and Adaboost-based artificial neural network (Kappa = 0.732). Moreover, the robustness test shows the advantage of our DRNN, which is insensitive to variations in training data size. Our method yields an accuracy higher than 85% when the training data size stands at only 10%. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed landslide modeling method in enhancing generalization. The proposed DRNN produces accurate results in terms of delineating landslide-prone areas and shows promising applications.


: The article considers main indicators of scope and efficiency of the global hotel industry, published in official and unofficial reports and studies: volume of the global hotel market, the profitability per room, cost of accommodation in hotels around the world, service level, occupancy rate of hotel rooms, number of others. The data is classified by country, city, and world's leading hotel chains. The above statistics show the state of the modern hotel industry (the growth rate of the hotel industry, the stability of its position puts the industry on one of the leading places in the world economy) and allows you to develop strategic directions for the development of this sphere.


One of the most difficult problems in mining operation is how to determine optimum cutoff grades of ores at different periods over the lifespan of the mine that will maximize the net present value (NPV) of the mine. Maximizing the NPV of a mining operation, subject to different constraints is a non-linear programming problem. These problems can often be solved by the use of gradient methods, direct search methods or intelligent optimization methods. In this paper, a hybrid genetic algorithm combined with the grid search method is used to find the optimum cutoff grades of multiple metal deposits that will maximize the NPV. At first, the solution space is determined by using the grid search method, then the optimum cutoff grades are determined accurately by the use of genetic algorithm. The result of a sensitivity analysis of the problem shows that when crossover probability ranges between 55 to 70%, and mutation probability is between 8 to 11%, and population size greater than 35 individuals; the optimum cutoff grades can be determined with high accuracy while keeping the computational time relatively low.


Langlitz and colleagues wrote about clinically used psychedelic drugs and the possibility of a "moral psychopharmacology" earlier in this journal (1). They emphasized the context-dependency of the effects of these substances (e.g., ayahuasca, psilocybin) and the importance of understanding their impact on social and moral cognition, particularly now that there is more research on their possible clinical applications (e.g., to facilitate psychotherapy). In this opinion article, I want to, first, reflect on the context-dependency from the perspective of recent research on placebo effects, and, second, clarify different meanings of "moral psychopharmacology". The latter will be placed in the context of a broader conceived view on drug instrumentalization (2–4) and different values associated with it (5–7). In the conclusion, I will briefly distinguish aspects primarily relevant to theoretical, research-oriented, or applied perspectives, respectively, to inform further theoretical, empirical, and ethical discussion of these topics.


The pipe line nets which have two parallel main pipes combined with many branch pipes, are widely utilized in the industrial field, and it is often required to distribute the flow uniformly through each branch pipe. In this paper, a method of flow control is investigated for this pipe line system, and we have derived a calculating formula of controled resistance value to make the flow equation satisfy in parallel or counter flow type pipe line. And we used the orifice as the controlling resistant body to be inserted in the branch pipe and observed its effect in comparison with the experiment and the theoretical calculation.


The application of six sigma methodology to enhance steel quality in a steel manufacturing industry is demonstrated in this paper through a case study. Six sigma five phase methodology i.e., DMAIC is adopted in this study. The presence of non-conformance of phosphorous content to the specification is the most significant cause for obtaining Off Grade steel, which is identified through Pareto analysis in the definition phase. In the measure phase, the process capability indices are calculated using base line statistics. Cause and Effect diagram is prepared in the analysis phase to identify the potential factors which influence the Phosphorous content in steel. Design of experiments is employed in the improvement phase to identify the ways to improve the process so as to reduce the Off Grade steel. Finally, in the control phase, the improved system is monitored by using process capability analysis.


Simple solutions of hydrogen peroxide; peroxide activators such as carbonate, bicarbonate, and molybdate; and organic cosolvents afford rapid, broad-spectrum decontamination of chemical warfare agents, even at low temperatures (−30 °C). Such solutions are nontoxic, noncorrosive, and environmentally friendly. With bicarbonate activator, the decon solution can be comprised solely using food-grade materials. In situ generation of peroxy anion OOH- effects perhydrolysis of the nerve agents O-ethyl-S-[2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl]-methylphosphonothioate (VX) and pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GD or Soman) to yield nontoxic products. For the blister agent bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide (HD or mustard), peroxo species HCO4- and Mo(OO)42- afford oxidation, initially, to the nonvesicant sulfoxide.


Using potted seedlings of Betula maximowicziana as material,an experiment was conducted to study the effects of drought stress on photosynthesis content of osmoregulation substance.Result shows that: net photosynthetic rate(P_n),transpiration rate,stomatal conductance(G_s) in seedlings of B.maximowicziana were significantly decreased by drought stress;decreased range increase with the increased levels of stress.At initial stage of the stress,G_s intercellular CO_2 content(C_i) decrease with the decrease of the P_n in group of slight or medium drought stress;photosynthesis reduction is mainly due to stomatal factor;for the metaphase or late stage,a decreasing P_n with higher C_i indicated that non-stomatal factor is the leading limitation.Soluble sugar in seedlings of B.maximowicziana increased under soil moisture stress,but non-significant change in soluble protein;soluble sugar is the main osmoregulation substance.


Foam plastics are always widely used in antenna-feeder systems due to the low values of the dielectric constant ε and the tangent of the dielectric loss angle tgδ. Structural elements of such antennas are usually made by gluing blanks cut from expanded polystyrene plates or from filling polyurethane foam. However, these methods turned out to be low-tech due to the high labor intensity of the process, the inhomogeneity of the dielectric properties of structures and the unsatisfactory quality of the painted surface due to the low chemical resistance of these materials to solvents of paint and varnish materials. Syntactic foams, which are a special type of gas-filled polymers, in which hollow spherical filler particles are distributed, in comparison with traditional foams, have increased mechanical strength, electrical strength, resistance to climatic factors, less density difference and better surface quality. It is the advantages of syntactic foams listed above that make them relevant materials in the manufacture of structural elements of antennas. The purpose of the work is to study the possibility of obtaining products from low-density syntactic foam by combining an expandable polymer matrix with a filler in the form of hollow glass microspheres. The limits of filling the polymer matrix by the filler have been established. The material dielectric characteristics (dielectric constant ε and the tangent of the dielectric loss angle tgδ) and strength (compression stress at 10% deformation) characteristics have been investigated. The resistance of the material to the influence of climatic factors has been investigated. The technology of manufacturing the product by the flooding method has been developed. Also the effect of paint and varnish coatings on surface quality and dielectric characteristics of foams of low density has been investigated. The obtained results can be used to create structural elements of antennas.


This study aims to determine the role of Islamic religious leaders in straightening aqidah in the Nyadran tradition in Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province. This type of research uses a qualitative type with field studies in Plosorejo Village, Kismantoro District. While the research approach used is descriptive analysis. The data analysis used is using inductive analysis with an ethnographic approach. The results showed that the role of religious leaders in rectifying the aqidah related to the Nyadran tradition in Plosorejo Village, Kismantoro District, Wonogiri Regency was quite good starting as a spiritual leader, builder and claimant of the people and as a builder of social ethics through inclusive and varied methods. The role of religious leaders has sacredness in people's lives in Plosorejo Village,


The COMPARAND pattern provides a means to interpret different objects as being the same for certain contexts. It does so by introducing an instance variable in each class of interest – the comparand – and using it for comparison. Establishing the sameness of different objects is needed when more than one reference refers to conceptually the same object. In distributed systems, the COMPARAND pattern provides for efficient comparison of (possibly) remote objects.


The manuscript is the 2nd of a companion paper addressing streamflow forecast performance across Europe. The methodology is fairly well described and presented, however substantial clarification and justification is necessary in numerous areas. The authors predominantly limit themselves to evaluation of only a few performance metrics, and report many findings for the whole of Europe. The overall contribution contains meritorious aspects, particularly the performance of this dynamical system, however these need to be highlighted and clarified significantly. Also, distinction and improvement between this and prior studies (e.g. Bierkens and van Beek) is not sufficient.


In the case without introducing characteristic squirt flow length,the reformulated BISQ mechanism combines the Biot and squirt-flow mechanism which are two important fluid flow styles in the porous media with fluid,and the relative parameters have a clear physical meaning and can be obtained or estimated from independent measurements.In this paper,the expressions of pore fluid pressure is extended to three-dimensional transversely isotropic medium with a horizontal symmetry axis(HTI medium)from one-dimensional case,combining fractured anisotropic theory,the two-phase HTI medium model based on reformulated BISQ mechanism and two-dimensional,three-component wave equations are presented.Following the equations, elastic wavefield in this medium model is simulated by the pseudo-spectral method for different frequency and phase boundary and two-layer medium cases,and then the wavefield features are analyzed.The results of numerical modeling indicate that the pseudo-spectral algorithm have high precision and can suppress effectively grid numerical dispersion,and high-precision wavefield snapshots and synthetic seismograms can be obtained.The two-phase HTI medium model based on reformulated BISQ mechanism has the characteristics of fractured anisotropic and poroelastic medium,which will lay a foundation of further studies on seismic responses of fractured reservoir from the standpoint of two-phase anisotropic theory.


Objective To investigate the risk factors for chronic prostatitis of military personnel in the tropical reefs.Methods A questionnaire investigation of 200 military personnel stationing on an reef and diagnosed as having chronic prostatitis from April 2007 to June 2011 was conducted.The healthy military personnel stationing on the mainland during the same period were as control.Univariate and mulvariate logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the possible risk factors for chronic prostatitis.Results The identified risk factors included sequentially depression,urinary tract infection,insobriety,spicy food,frequent ipsism,prolonged sitting,anxiety and megatemperature according to their odd rations.Conclusion The occurrence of chronic prostatitis among military personnel stationing in the tropical reefs is closely related with psychological factors,life habits and the island environment.


Perception is the subject's view of assessing objects. Perception can be used as material for a person's assessment of objects and results in an assessment of exposure or data. Perception has good and bad results depending on the subject how to judge about the object. The method used to assess and analyze perceptions in this research is the triangular method and the field survey method through interview techniques. Based on these methods can produce results of the analysis to find out how the subject's perception of the object. Foreman leadership style has a big role in the continuity and success in a job, the perception of labor becomes a benchmark of success for a foreman to lead all labor


Method and apparatus for stagger casting includes a step of encoding a first signal representative of the content having a duration, and a step of encoding the second signal, the second signal also representing the content. Time delay period for the duration of the content, are defined. Composite signal comprising the first encoded signal and the second coded signal is generated. The composite signal, the first coded signal for the second encoded signal, the duration of the content, is delayed by time delay period. If an error is detected in the composite signal, the reception second coded signal to generate a decrypted with the content, otherwise, the received first coded signal delayed to generate a decrypted with the content.


In this paper, a method oriented to the extraction of target poles is presented for target recognition purpose. By applying wavelet transform to whole signal, the mention method obtains target poles with a map extracted in time and frequency axes simultaneously. For this purpose, with complex Morlet wavelet transform, a map having sufficient resolutions in both axes is obtained by multiplying two maps, one using narrowband and another using wideband mother wavelet. The peaks in the frequency axis of the resulting map give the oscillation coefficients of the poles, and the attenuations in time axis give the damping coefficients of the poles. In this study, the method is initially applied for a dielectric sphere whose pole values can be analytically calculated and it is observed that the calculated pole results are highly consistent with theoretical values especially with respect to oscillation coefficients. Afterwards, for target discrimination purpose, the method is applied to two small-scale airplane targets whose pole values are theoretically unknown and it is shown that although the dimensions of airplanes are very close, their pole values are considerably different.


This collaborative inquiry examines the ways new teachers are being prepared as critical reflective practitioners in three urban teacher education programs. Researching individually and collectively, the research team analyzes and compares pedagogical methods and program features for preparing new teachers for urban schools. Their findings detail how each teaching method impacted preservice teachers' capacity to do critical reflection. The researchers recommend working with dilemmas, following structured protocols, and practicing collaborative inquiry as means to teaching critical reflection. They also recognize the need to continually develop their own explicit frameworks for critical reflection. INTRODUCTION Urban teacher education programs are being asked to prepare teachers to take on "unprecedented responsibilities" and "unmet challenges" (NCATE, 2010, p. 1). Knowing the content of the curriculum is not enough when teachers are expected "to educate all children—including those from increasingly diverse economic, racial, linguistic, and academic backgrounds" (p. 1). New teachers must be able to respond to students' cognitive and social-emotional needs; they have to know the communities around the schools and apply knowledge of child growth and development; they have to be experts at assessment, with strategies for monitoring students' progress and engaging them in learning. Overall, new teachers need collaboration, communication, and problemsolving skills to be fully prepared for the uncertainties and challenges they will face in 21st century classrooms. In our own practice as teacher educators preparing new teachers for the complexity of urban schools, we worked to build the reflective and communication skills of our preservice teachers so they could carefully observe, analyze, diagnose, design, and evaluate teaching and learning (Darling-Hammond, 2008). We believed that our own teaching and the field experiences in our programs enabled our students to see that practice and reflection go hand-in-hand. Our preservice teachers implemented teaching and assessment strategies, monitored student progress, and adjusted lesson plans to improve student learning. But we were troubled by what happened when these students encountered the intractable conditions of urban schooling, such as accountability systems, scripted curriculum, labels, and institutionalized racism. Our students tended to acquiesce to the inequities in the classrooms or schools. Their deficit views showed through as they blamed students, parents, and teachers for what caused them difficulty in the classroom. To help our students get beyond a sense of powerlessness as teachers in urban schools, we experimented with ways to teach not just reflection, but critical reflection. We wanted our students to question their own roles in the reproduction of inequitable schooling (Malarkey, 2005). Through critical reflection, we wanted to help students develop the ability to look beyond their own experience to those of other teachers and schools and to consider how they are being positioned by larger political, social and economic systems (Zeichner, 1996). We believed our students needed to understand and name the systems of oppression that keep poor and minority learners from accessing the "American Dream" (Noguera, 2003) and to challenge unexamined assumptions and develop the agency to work with their students, colleagues, and communities to counteract these barriers to education. In our own careers, the ability to reflect critically developed through our involvement in collaborative inquiry. In the 1990's, we each worked with schoolbased "critical friends groups" associated with school reform efforts based on the Ten Common Principles of the Coalition of Essential Schools (Cushman, 1999). One outcome of this work was a model for collaborative inquiry shown here and explained in detail in a dissertation by James Kilbane (2007). This model (Kilbane, 2007) shows that collaborative inquiry is an ongoing process that vacillates between collaborative and personal inquiry. For example, the collaborative inquiry project we discuss in this article began when we met to discuss our teaching and one of us brought a request for journal manuscripts about reflective practice in teacher education. We thought the journal editors posed some provocative questions. (We were Accepting Invitations in the collaborative inquiry model.) We left our meeting with a plan to do some personal journaling about our own teaching of reflective practice (Personal Focusing). When we reconvened (Collective Focusing), we learned that each of us PERSPECTIVES ON URBAN EDUCATION Spring 2011 | PAGE 19


Summary It has often been repeated that Wollstonecraft was not read for a century after her death in 1797 due to the negative impact of her husband William Godwin's Memoirs of the Author of a Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1798) on her posthumous reputation. By providing the first full-scale reception history of Wollstonecraft in continental Europe in the long nineteenth century—drawing on rare book research, translations of understudied primary sources, and Wollstonecraft scholarship from the nineteenth century to the present—this article applies a revised Rezeptionsgeschichte approach to tracing her intellectual influence on the woman question and organised feminism in Europe. Although the Memoirs and post-revolutionary politics everywhere dampened and even drove underground the reception of her persona and ideas in the first decades of the nineteenth century, Wollstonecraft's reception in nineteenth-century continental Europe, like the United States, was more positive and sustained in comparison to the public backlash she faced as a 'fallen woman' in her homeland of Britain through the bulk of the Victorian era.


Commentary on the paper by Coggon (see page 281)

This article addresses how changes in occupational morbidity are demanding new research approaches to provide relevant contributions for workers' protection and the improvement of workers' health standards in contemporary society. This is a necessary and timely reflection considering that at the turn of a new century, occupational diseases and injuries still represent a relevant health burden in most countries, challenging researchers and policy makers for more appropriate studies and effective actions. In this issue, Coggon1 points to: (1) the fact that current prevailing occupational diseases are musculoskeletal disorders and occupational stress; (2) their distinct relation to work risks, unclear ties between disease and illness expressions, and evidence of association with emotional factors; and hypothesises that they are not diseases (a biomedical concept based on objectively recognisable abnormalities), but illnesses (a subjective state of discomfort and suffering), a distinction proposed by Field (1976)2 and Susser (1973).3 Most controversial is the author's statement that these occupational diseases are resulting from …


The airline industry has recently experienced a fast move toward the hybridization of airline business models. This has remarkably affected airline network structures, moving from a neat contraposition between hub-and-spoke (typical of full-service carriers) and point-to-point networks (typical of low-cost carriers) to more hybrid architectures. While literature has widely documented the ongoing restructuring of airline networks, the development of decision support systems has been rather scant. To address this gap, in this paper we develop a prescriptive approach—referred to Integrated Connection Planning and Passenger Allocation Model (ICCPAM)|to support low-cost airlines in the early stage of connection planning, encompassing the definition of the hub airports and the set of optimal connecting itineraries to be rolled out over the existing network of flights. The ICCPAM solves the passenger mix problem on every flight segment, leveraging endogenous demand estimates based on an empirical discrete choice model. We demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach to the large-scale network of Ryanair in 2019. Results highlight that the proposed approach can significantly aid airlines' decision-making, leading to significant revenue improvements (up to 4.4%) and shedding insights into network development alternatives.


Objective To investigate the proportion of streptococus pneumonia(SP), haemophilus influenzae (Hi),branhamella catarrhalis (BC), chlamydia pneumonia (CP) and mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) in children with acute pneumonia.Methods Fifty-three hospital-treated children with acute pneumofmonia were included in a prospective study. The enzyme immunoassay was used to detect antibodies in paired sera against non-capsulated Hi, Hi type-B capsular polysaccharide and whole cell, antibodies against pneumococcal pneumolysin, C-polysaccharide and pneumococcal pneumolysin, C-polysaccharide, surface protein A in circulating immune complexes and antibodies against BC and MP. Antibodies against CP by immunofluorescence in paired sera as well as blood cultures were detected in these cases.Results The evidence of bacteria infection was demonstrated in 32 cases (60.4 %) among children with acute pneumonia, of which 11 cases had 2 or 3 organisms coinfection. In these causative agents,SP and CP were the most common organisms (11/53 cases respectively,20.8 %), followed by MP (7/42,16.7 %),Hi(7/53,13.2 %).Conclusion SP,Hi,CP and MP are common causative agents of children with acute pneumonia and multi-agents coinfection isn′t ingnored in our empiric antibiotic therapy for the disease.


In this survey paper shows the literature review of golay code in digital communication. A bird eye review for Golay code is presented in this research work. A Golay code is presented addressing the error correcting phenomena. This is used in field programmable gate array (FPGA). There are various researchers presents there techniques for correcting the error check. This research work reviews that work. Keywords— Architecture, decoder, encoder, field programmable gate array (FPGA), Golay code


The surface pterygote earwig, Labidura riparia (Pallas) form bengalensis (Dohrn) was successfully reared to study its biology, host specificity and habits in the laboratory. It is omnivorous but preferred small moribund insects except lepidopterans and dipterans. It was the first record of this insect occasionally damaging potato tubers in temporary field storage and cold storage in Uttar Pradesh. The life history revealed five nymphal stages duration ranging from 49–73 days. The close proximity between the mean, observed and calculated widths of head-capsule and the increase in widths of head-capsules of instars place these five well defined instars as per Dyar's law. In males the average ratio of increase of head-capsule width was 1.519 while in females it was 1.280. The values of widths of head-capsules in successive instars of males was slightly higher than the females.


We present an analysis of a Cherenkov free-electron laser based on a single slab made from negative-index materials. In this system, a flat electron beam with finite thickness travelling close to the surface of the slab interacts with the copropagating electromagnetic surface mode. The dispersion equation for a finitely thick slab is worked out and solved numerically to study the dispersion relation of surface modes supported by negative-index materials, and the calculations are in good agreement with the simulation results from a finite difference time domain code. We find that under suitable conditions there is inherent feedback in such a scheme due to the characteristics of negative-index materials, which means that the system can oscillate without external reflectors when the beam current exceeds a threshold value, i.e., start current. Using the hydrodynamic approach, we setup coupled equations for this system, and solve these equations analytically in the small signal regime to obtain formulas for the spatial growth rate and start current.


This paper theoretically studies the emergence of a sanctioning institution in a selfish and wealth-diverse group where the provision of a public good is realized only once. In particular, we present a public goods game where players are given the opportunity to implement a sanctioning institution by hiring an external enforcer which sanctions free-riding behavior. However, the enforcer's effectiveness will not be guaranteed and will depend on the level of effort he exerts to chase these opportunistic attitudes. Whether the sanctioning institution is implemented or not is a task delegated to a government concerned in its persistence, who will represent the interests of a social class with a particular level of wealth. The emergence of the sanctioning institution will depend on a set of institutional and technological parameters, the wealth distribution in the society and the identity of the social class whose interests are represented by the government. Given these exogenous variables, the sanctioning institution will emerge more easily if the government represents the social class with the lowest opportunity cost in the provision of a public good. If implemented, the sanctioning institution can achieve a positive provision of such good if the society counts with a relatively high quality in its sanctioning institutions and high social return of the public good. The case of heterogeneous valuations of the public good will also be proved to show symmetric results.


Since the beginnings of this millennium, there has been a burgeoning interest in the use of simulation methods for the study of crime. In a remarkably short period, crime researchers using simulations have applied the method in a wide variety of ways. Let us look at some of the first simulations—four simula - tions developed by three different teams working independently—to describe this diversity.


In broadcast news interviews, interviewees will occasionally address the interviewer by name. As a method of establishing the directionality of talk, address terms are redundant in this institutional context because the normative question/answer activity structure and associated participation framework make the direction of address transparent and knowable in advance. But address terms can be deployed in the service of a variety of actions beyond addressing per se. Some of these involve disaligning actions such as topic shifts, non-conforming responses, and disagreements. Others involve the presentation of views as particularly significant or sincere. Address terms are thus a resource for managing certain expressive properties of talk, as well as its disalignment from prior talk.


Applying antifouling protection to a surface includes a exposing the surface to be adhered antifouling tape to the exposed surface. Antifouling tape includes an antifouling layer, a support layer, an adhesive layer, antifouling layer comprises an operably outer surface to prevent the soiling substance adheres antifouling layer. Adhesive layer comprises an adhesive operable to adhere the backing layer to the surface, the support layer is disposed between the antifouling layer and the adhesive layer so as to expose the outer surface of the antifouling layer on the outer surface .


A coherent and systematic multipole formulation of the magnetic field generated, both in the near and remote regions, by axially symmetric field and gradient systems is presented. These include an open spherical winding, an arbitrary number of coaxial coils, and a combination of coils and spherical or solenoidal windings. Optimum configurations for maximum uniformity of the field or field gradient are discussed and illustrated by numerical results. Legendre series resulting from the multipole expansion are analyzed at the system's boundary where convergence is very slow, using a summation method particularly suitable for numerical computation.


A simulation study on the thermal performance has been done on tropical institutional building at Shah Alam. The Energy-10 software was used for this purpose and the building chosen was the medium sized Faculty of Information Technology and Quantitative Science building at Universiti Teknologi MARA. The main objectives of the project were to study the energy consumption, to analyze the possible energy saving by redesigning the building parameters and to make recommendations on the possible energy efficient designed strategies. Eight cases were studied, including the reference case where existing building parameters were considered. It was found that a minimum of 10% of the total annual energy consumption could be saved by applying some energy efficient strategies while a maximum saving of 70% could be produced if all the design strategies including daylighting in the software were considered. The capabilities and limitations of the software are discussed. Suggestions for improvement of the software and recommendations for energy efficient building design in a tropical setting are also included in this report.


April Selley writes in "Transcendentalism in Star Trek: The Next Generation" of the second ST series' prevailing ethos: "Why should not we also enjoy an original relation to the universe?" Ralph Waldo Emerson asks in his quintessentially American manifesto of Transcendentalism, the essay Nature. "Why not, indeed?" seems to be the answer of Star Trek: The Next Generation, which embodies Emerson's philosophy of optimism.... Above all else, Star Trek: The Next Generation suggests that order comes from Emersonian self-reliance in harmony with the goodness of the cosmos.... The Emersonian philosophy of the series is symbolically represented by the structure of the new starship Enterprise. Instead of solid walls, the ship has many huge windows looking into space. These suggest that the barriers between humans and the universe are breaking down.... [Some episodes] suggest that "space" is not "the final frontier"; the frontiers of time and of the current limitations on thought and sensory perception will also be conquered. One recalls Emerson's lines from Nature: "Undoubtedly we have no questions to ask which are unanswerable. We must trust the perfection of the creation so far as to believe that whatever curiosity the order of things has awakened in our minds, the order of things can satisfy." The "perfection of the creation" suggests that evil is an absence of good rather than a force in itself.... By citing these similarities between Emerson's philosophy and that of ST: TNG, however, I do not mean to suggest that Gene Roddenberry, creator of both the original and current Star Treks, read Emerson and deliberately set out to embody his principles. But Emerson's philosophy is deeply ingrained in our culture, and Roddenberry and other ST writers have had a knack for adapting American headlines, history and myths into entertainment. (31, emphases added) Now, what I'd like to argue is two-fold: first, I would agree that Roddenberry's conception of the Star Trek universe does borrow from 19th century American literature-and more particularly, STII: The Wrath of Khan sits somewhere between mere allusion to Herman Melville's Moby-Dick and an outright retelling; it is what I'd like to call an oblique reconfiguration of Moby-Dick. I do believe this reconfiguration is purposeful, as I will argue in a moment. However, while the plot merely borrows some few odd elements, at least one of Melville's original messages is translated wholesale into the ST film. My second point is that while the TNG series is indeed Emersonian, and in the ways described earlier, The Wrath of Khan, in the same way as does Melville in Moby-Dick, severely questions Emerson's Transcendentalism and sounds a warning for the true believer in the infinite progress and goodness of humankind. In fact, Moby-Dick is rather a tragedy, and tragedy does believe in evil-active, malignant evil. One definition of tragedy, in part, would assert that conditions or circumstances cause death and loss, and often those conditions which look suspiciously like Fate have been created by humans in some remote past (we would do well to remember Oedipus). In this vein, so too does The Wrath of Khan invoke such tragedy-a tragedy of the discovery urge. But first, I want to establish that these two texts speak the same language. There are many direct borrowings in The Wrath of Khan, and I'd like to note these quickly. To begin with, we have the seekers, James T. Kirk and Melville's Ishmael, both casting out on a ship for reasons having more to do with themselves than with the mission: Ishmael has his hypos; Kirk his depression on his birthday, the day the film begins. While Ishmael spent a sailor's thoughtless life optimistically plunging forward to explore strange new worlds, in these latter days-after his voyage on the fated Pequod-at Moby-Dick's beginning he goes to sea motivated by something akin to depression: to keep from "methodically knocking people's hats off. …


7555 Background: We have observed a 70% response rate (RR) in NSCLC p with EGFR mutations treated with erlotinib. Primary resistance to erlotinib could result from the absence of an EGFR-organized ...


The simulation and rendering of realistic looking water is a very difficult task in computer graphics, due to the fact that everybody knows how it should behave and look like. This work will focus on rendering realistic looking water in real time. The simulation of water will not be described. Therefore this paper can be seen as a survey of current rendering methods for water bodies. Though simulation will not be mentioned data structures which are used by the most common simulation methods are described, because they can directly be used as input for the later presented surface extraction and rendering techniques. The correct handling of the interaction of light with a water surface can highly increase the perceived realism of the rendering. Therefore methods for physically exact rendering of reflections and refractions will be shown, using Snell's law and the Fresnel equations. The light water interaction does not stop with the water surface, but continues inside the water volume, causing caustics and beams of light. Rendering techniques for these phenomena will be described as well as bubbles and foam. CR Categories: I.3.3 [Computer Graphics]: Picture/Image Generation—Display algorithms I.3.5 [Computer Graphics]: Computational Geometry and Object Modeling—Boundary representations I.3.7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism—Virtual reality


Dioctyl prolinamide is an efficient catalyst for the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of ketones with azides leading to a variety of 1,2,3-triazoles (30 examples).


Schubertia grandiflora is a plant species that produces latex from roots to flowers. This study aimed to evaluate the latex of S. grandiflora on qualitative phytochemical analysis and effects of quantitative biological activities. Latex was collected from logs. Phytochemical analysis of precipitation and colorimetry were carried out for several groups of phytogroups. Antifungal activity was performed on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides, cytotoxic activity on Artemia salina, antioxidant activity on DPPH free radical and determination of inhibition on acetylcholinesterase. The latex proved to be rich in phytochemical groups, inhibition capacity of S. sclerotiorum with 64% and for C. gloeosporioides of 30%, low rate of cytotoxicity with 25% in 1000 µg mL-1, reduction of DPPH free radical of 67% and AChE inhibition of 86%. Schubertia grandiflora latex proved to be a potential natural phytochemical agent for diverse biological activities through this study.


Due to the unknown spatio-temporal distribution of a battery electric vehicle's (BEVs) charging load, introducing large quantities of BEVs into the transportation sector has drawn growing concerns about the negative impacts on the power grid system. Based on real-world vehicle driving survey data, this paper presents a deterministic and a probabilistic model to quantitatively investigate the spatio-temporal distribution of BEV charging load for Australia. Whilst the trip-chain-related travel parameters for the deterministic model are directly taken from travel survey data, those for the probabilistic model are generated by the ${k}$ -nearest-neighbor algorithm. The probabilistic model is validated and applied to simulate the spatio-temporal distribution of BEV load based on GIS-gridded data for Australia. We are able to distinguish different temporal BEV charging load distributions for weekdays vs. weekends, and with heavy spatial concentration in capital cities.


: We report on the design and performance of high- Q integrated optical micro-trench cavities on silicon. The microcavities are co-integrated with silicon nitride bus waveguides and fabricated using wafer-scale silicon-photonics-compatible processing steps. The amorphous aluminum oxide resonator material is deposited via sputtering in a single straightforward post-processing step. We examine the theoretical and experimental optical properties of the aluminum oxide micro-trench cavities for different bend radii, film thicknesses and near-infrared wavelengths and demonstrate experimental Q factors of > 10 6 . We propose that this high- Q micro-trench cavity design can be applied to incorporate a wide variety of novel microcavity materials, including rare-earth-doped films for microlasers, into wafer-scale silicon photonics platforms. straightforward approach to create an on-chip high-Q -factor Al 2 O 3 microcavity with coupling achieved via a co-integrated silicon nitride waveguide. We analyzed both the theoretical and experimental micro-trench resonator and bus waveguide properties. We achieved a maximum Q factor on the scale of > 10 6 for this type of cavity, making it possible for further development of high performance integrated optical micro-trench cavity devices. The micro-trench cavity design is robust, silicon-photonics-compatible, enables precise and stable coupling via the integrated waveguide and potentially allows for the implementation of a wide variety of microresonator materials into a silicon photonics platform.


This paper clarifies the problems within the article "Doris Lessing and Idries Shah's Sufism" from three aspects.To begin with,what is Sufism and what is the difference between philosophy and religion? Secondly,it discusses the relationship between Idries Shah and Sufism,the Western Sufism and Islamic Sufism.Lastly,it refutes that Sufism completely excludes sense and negates nation.The Sufism that Lessing follows is the Western Sufism,it's both a knowledge and a way of looking.


A hyperspectral image (HSI) feature recognition method based on Gabor filter bank parameters optimization is proposed. The spatial feature parameters of hyperspectral remote sensing features are optimized by the genetic algorithm to achieve accurate characterization and interpretation of features. On the basis of initialization, the Gabor filter parameters are updated and optimized through the genetic algorithm in genetic space, so as to achieve adaptive extraction of spatial features. The experiment results show that the classification effect of this method is better than that of the fixed filter classification algorithm. The overall accuracies of Indian Pines, Salinas, and Tea Farm hyperspectral datasets are improved by 0.65%, 1.61% and 2.92%. Thus, we can achieve a greater degree in spatial-spectral information mining.


In the corporate finance, liquidity management and profitability are widely debated areas. Liquidity management plays a dynamic role in determining the effectiveness of the banking sector with potential influence in smooth functioning. The objective of the study is to scrutinize the impact of liquidity management on the profitability of Pakistani banks, covering period of 2006-2016. The secondary financial data obtained from audited annual financial reports were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Return on assets (ROA) and Return on equity (ROE) have been used as measures of bank's profitability while as, Current Ratio (CR) advances to deposit ratio (ADR), Cash deposit ratio (CDR) and Deposit Assets Ratio (DAR) represented liquidity management. The result demonstrates that ADR, CDR and DAR 1 Corresponding author is serving as Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, University of Kotli, Azad Kashmir and currently pursuing his Doctoral in Finance at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, P.R. Chia. International Journal of Academic Research in Economics and Management Sciences 2017, Vol. 6, No. 3 ISSN: 2226-3624 154 www.hrmars.com have positive and significant impact on ROA, whereas negative and significant impact on ROA. CR, ADR, CDR and DAR have positive and significant impact on ROE. Based upon key findings, all financial markets should have a comprehensively approved liquidity management procedures, practices, policies and mechanisms, exclusively tailored for their financial institutions, and management should be responsible for aptly implementing these polices and strategies on priority basis.


In high-rise building fires,smoke has great threat to people's life security in the building. So,it is very important to control the diffusion of smoke in the building. Mathematic model of smoke flow in high-rise building and three-dimension turbulence model with two equations were used to simulate the efficiencies of mechanical smoke exhaust on different arrangement methods of smoke vent. The results showed that different arrangement methods of smoke vent have great influence on smoke exhaust effect. Compared with the method that set smoke vent on the side wall of the corridor,when smoke vent is set on the top of the corridor,the efficiency of mechanical smoke exhaust was about 10% higher,and had a low risk in the corridor. While designing smoke exhaust system,setting smoke vent on the top of the corridor is a prior consideration.


Since 1995, the Industrial Research Institute has engaged in a program of research, in conjunction with a group of academic scholars, to understand how to manage radical innovation better. The underlying thesis is that this is not impossible, and that, indeed, if we can understand what companies do to manage it now (that is, first describe the process), then we can begin to put mechanisms in place to improve our management of radical innovation. One of the outputs of that research program is a tool to help manage the transfer of a radical innovation project to its ultimate home in an operating unit. In this article, we describe the context for this work, how the tool was developed, and the appropriate opportunities for its use. Where We've Been The impetus for the radical innovation research program was the belief that, while U.S.-based firms had been driven since the 1980s to focus on improving their performance in managing incremental innovation and continuous improvement, that focus had come at a price. It diminished the capacity of America's largest companies to engage in truly discontinuous, breakthrough innovation. Central R&D labs, traditionally the source of radical innovation ideas, were redirected to serve the immediate needs of corporate operating units. Always under pressure to maximize short-term performance, operating units were reluctant to invest in high-risk, long-term projects. The negative consequences of too much attention to incremental innovation have been recognized by many scholars, who have noted how firms that dominate one generation of technology often fail to maintain leadership in the next generation (1). We have been studying 12 projects in 10 large companies. All projects were considered, at the outset, to have the potential to be radical innovations, defined by the IRI membership and the academic researchers as a project that had the potential to offer either 1) new-to-the-world performance features, 2) a 5-10x improvement in known performance features, or 3) a 30-50 percent reduction in cost. Any project that came into our study must have been considered by the firm's senior technical management to have that kind of potential, and must have been granted its own budget and had an identified team associated with it. We are entering our eighth year of tracking those projects. Of the 12, four are clear market successes, one has been folded into a current product platform, four are still in development, confronting technical and/or market challenges, and three are clear failures in that the projects have been de-funded and the key people associated with them have left the organization. Much of the accumulated learning associated with Phase I of the project has been published (2). One very surprising result is the subject of this article. In initial discussions, our respondents indicated their belief that once the Radical Innovation project was sufficiently mature, the receiving operating unit would be able to employ tried and true project management techniques, such as the well-recognized Stage-Gate system (3), to bring the new products resulting from the radical innovation to market success. Contrary to expectations, this was not what happened. Eight of the 12 projects have matured to the point of attempting to transition into operations. In every case, this phase of the project was tumultuous. In fact, three of the eight have transitioned back and forth between R&D and an operating unit multiple times! We discovered that there is a set of transition activities required to complete the resolution of technical, market, organizational, and resource uncertainties that neither R&D project teams nor program managers in operating units are prepared to handle. We came to believe that the most efficient and effective way to manage this interim set of activities was to create a transition team, composed of at least one member of the project team in R&D, at least one member of the team who would be accountable for building the business in the receiving unit, and a member from the radical innovation hub who has had repeated experiences in managing transitions of radical innovation projects. …


Regions of homozygosity (ROHs) are copy neutral segments that have been identified in unaffected and
affected individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), through a wide used tool called Single
nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray platform. The mechanisms behind the origin of these regions
could be parental consanguinity, uniparental disomy (UPD), linkage disequilibrium of a remote origin
and low rates of recombination. The study was carried out with a cohort of 353 samples from family
trios, of which 114 were children with idiopathic autism. We evaluated 37 genes known by the study of
Doan et al. (2019) to be recessive neurodevelopmental genes related or possibly related with ASD.
Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the regions of homozygosity and the mentioned genes, as a route
to understand better the genetic etiology of ASD. In our individuals where found 30 of the 37 genes, with
a prevalence of the genes CA2 and ITPRIPL1. All the regions from child could be explain by inheritance
of one allele by the father and the other by the mother, concluding that we do not find any other
mechanism as UPD.


Easy rootability being an important criterion for selection of superior trees for mass-multiplication, rooting of juvenile cuttings from nine month old half-sib progenies of selected trees were taken up, which revealed significant differences in rooting responses along with other traits. It was observed that progenies of C1, C2 and C3 trees performed best. Correlation among all the characters were found to be sufficiently high and the parent-progeny correlation revealed significant positive relationships between DBH x Number of leaves and Height x Number of leaves. Further investigations on mature-juvenile relationships based on number of leaves in seedlings may be necessary.


We use satellite observations of aerosol optical depth τa and cloud effective radius re from the ATSR‐2 instrument in 1997 to investigate the Twomey indirect effect (IE, −∂ ln re/∂ ln τa) in regions of continental outflow. We generally find a negative correlation between τa and re, with the strongest inverse relationships downwind of Africa. North American and eastern Asian continental outflow exhibits a strong seasonal dependence, as expected. Global values for IE range from 0.10 to 0.16, consistent with theoretical predictions. Downwind of Africa, we find that the IE is unphysically high but robust (r = −0.85) during JJA associated with high aerosol loading, and attribute this tentatively to the Twomey hypothesis accounting only for a limited number of physical properties of aerosols.


Storing wheat seed is one of the most important technological phases, both for agriculture and animal husbandry and food industry. From Phytopathology point of view, many of fungi and bacteria found on seeds when they are placed in silos but mostly in farmers family granary, storage under the optimal technical level of control and ventilation could have as result a temperature and humidity increase in seed mass. This may lead to compromise of that stored seeds amount. On the other hand it should be noted that the microorganisms whichcan cause potential problems are placed in storage warehouses together with seeds because those seeds containon the seminal skin or seeds inside those phytopathogenic agents.Infections in this case have as point of origin directly from the field pathogens dissemination, or from indirect infections produced by transport or even handling the mass of seeds before storing. Wheat biggest trouble can be caused by fungi of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium,Fusarium, and also Ustilago tritici or Tilletia sp. Even in small amounts some of these fungi spores when are placed in the good conditions of temperature and humidity forinfection, will lead to the development of "molds" that emit dangerous mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, tenuazonic acid and other metabolites dangerous. Or if the seeds are used to make concenrtateforage for animal husbadry and this forage are kept in poor conditions, toxicosiscaused by this fungi toxins are unavoidable and even products made from these animals are also toxic. In present paper we propose to show results of our research concerning the amount of potentially toxigenic fungi species in seed parties harvested in 2012,from several wheat varieties. Working method we used to determine the spores of these pathogens was extended Wageningen method with method of E.Rădulecu and A. Negru. Results clearly indicates the presence on the seeds coat of fungal spores from genera Aspergillus, Fusarium and Alternariatogether f with Ustilago tritici which can cause trouble when using these seed farmers.


An optical lens (100-1; 100-2) having fluidically variable focal length comprises a sealed housing (110), a first fluid chamber (101-1) is filled with a first fluid medium (105-1) and a second fluid chamber (101 -2) filled with a second fluid medium (105-2), wherein the first and second fluid chambers (101-2) are separated by an elastic membrane (120), the first (105-1) and the second fluid medium (105-2) have different refractive indices, and a deformer (130) is formed, the membrane (120) laterally inside a pumping zone (140) to deform, whereby the first fluid medium (105-1) laterally from the pumping zone (140 ) is displaced in a lens zone (150) and the second fluid medium (105-2) from the lens zone (150) into the pumping zone (140) so that the membrane (120) (even in the lens zone 150) deformed and a focal length of lens zone (150) varies along a normal direction.


Objective To study the influence of drug infusion speed and pressure on the vascular injury during vein Chemotherapy and to search for a desirable infusion speed and pressure.Methods ADM was infused by nurses or by syringe pump. In the control groups 1 and 2, the infusion speed and pressure was not definite and the perfusion time was 20-30 min and 3 min respectively. In the observation groups 1 and 2, the infusion speed was 300 ml/60 min and 99 ml/min, pressure 1 bar, and infusion time 10 min and 3 min respectively. Clinical and animal experiments were performed to comparatively study the vascular injury. Results There was significant difference in the degree of vessel injury and the occurrence of phlebitis between two clinical experimental groups or between two animal experimental group (all P0.05). Conclusion Using the steady pressure and steady speed to infuse chemotherapeutic agents could significantly alleviate the injury of vascular intima and induce the occurrence of phlebitis.


This paper describes the method for oil and water recovery prediction for Cyclic-Steam Stimulated (CSS) oil wells. The main feature of this prediction model is a choice of a cumulative injected steam quantity as "time" for a well activity. A validity of such a choice has been proved by experimental data. Basic predicted values are average water cut and total liquid production per cycle. Field data on water cut in chosen coordinate system has a simple fitted saturation function, and cumulative liquid production is linear. The special computer program, which allows entering field data and receiving all basic functional parameters for a future CSS cycle, has been developed for performing all necessary calculations.


Purpose: Laparoscopic colectomy is technically demanding. Here we share of experience with laparoscopic procedures with focusing on (1) preoperative localization by a colonoscopic tattoo and (2) comparing the laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (lapaTME) with the conventional TME (openTME) according to microscopic examination. Methods: We retrospectively collected 112 cases of laparoscopic colectomy that was performed for treating colorectal cancer during the past 6 years. Preoperative colonoscopic tattoo was done by using india ink. The tattoo cases were compared with the non-tattoo cases. Comparison between 13 cases of lapaTME and 15 cases of openTME was assessed by both gross and microscopic examination in the 28 cases for 9 months. The lapaTME and openTME were applied to mid-rectal cancer and mid & low rectal cancer, respectively. Results: Tattoo was carried out for the Tis (100%), T1 (92%), T2 (72%), T3 (36%) cases. Of the significant cases, T3 lesion was not identified at laparoscopic colectomy. LapaTME grossly showed a greater incidence of defect than that of openTME, but there was no difference microscopically between lapaTME and openTME. Conclusion: A tattoo was useful for early lesion and it should be considered for advanced lesion. LapaTME for mid-rectal cancer can be done without compromising the principles of TME.


Reactive load unbalance among paralleled generators is analyzed to relate the largest unbalance with the sensitivity of the reactive load division circuit employed in the regulators and with the regulation characteristics of the individual generator-exciter-regulator units. The maximum permissible sensitivity of the reactive load division circuit is found, from stability considerations, to be determined by the unsaturated synchronous reactance of the paralleled generators. The design of the reactive load division circuit is discussed from a system viewpoint.


The paper considers the various types of bipolar elements and materials which are used for their manufacture in fuel cell technology. They play an important role in switching individual fuel cells in a battery, and make up the largest fraction of its mass (up to 80%), which affects the specific mass power characteristics of the power system. Bipolar cells based on thin titanium foil and a corrugated duct have high mechanical strength with minimum weight, are important elements of a fuel cell battery, and their use can significantly improve the mass specific characteristics of a power system based on fuel cells with a solid polymer electrolyte and direct air supply. Protective coatings should provide low-resistance contact when switching individual fuel cells and prevent its change during prolonged operation of the fuel cell. Coating in a magnetron setup allows preliminary coatings on large surfaces to produce thin coatings with reproducible composition and properties. For research, we have used graphite and platinum targets, as well as composite graphite targets with platinum inserts in the spray zone. Using generally accepted procedures, we have studied the influence of the composition and conditions of applying composite coatings on the corrosion resistance and surface contact resistance of bipolar elements. The use of a graphite target and segments made of platinum is shown to allow obtaining protective coatings close to the requirements of technical targets for coatings in terms of corrosion resistance and surface contact resistance. Such titanium coatings have better conductive and protective properties than thin-film coatings based on platinum and thin films of gold. The production of protective coatings based on titanium carbides have a high surface resistance, and based on titanium nitride – lower protective properties. Thus, magnetron technology can be recommended as industrial for the production of bipolar elements.


The authors report their results in adjuvant immunotherapy with B.C.G. after TUR for superficial and multicentric bladder tumors (Ta-T1). After TURB a cycle of intravesical immunotheraphy with 150 mg of BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) is performed once a week for 6 weeks, ther every 2 weeks for 6 times and finally once a month for 1 year. (16.5 months of treatment). Controls with CTM and cystoscopy are performed periodically. 63 patients have been treated: 20 (60.6%) are free from disease with follow-up of 18–36 months; 87.5% of patients who had BCG as immunotherapy after first TUR for bladder tumor, are free from disease. Comparing their results with experiences reported in literature with Mytomicin and Doxorubicin, the authors think that adjuvant immunotherapy with BCG is actually the best local treatment for these tumors. Some patients (25%) had slight troubles because of therapy but only in 3 cases (9.09%) treatment was stopped. In conclusion intravesical therapy with BCG significantly changes natural history of superficial bladder tumor, increasing the time free from disease (in our experience: 27 months).


ABSTRACT This paper argues that stand-up comedy produces the places it uses in the city of Mumbai as "safe" for new middle-class women by excluding Dalit and working-class people who are deemed "dangerous." Such exclusion is achieved by mobilising places and infrastructure that are built to make Mumbai a "world-class" city, a process that requires the dispossession and exploitation of the masses from which the new middle-class benefits. In the context of the sexual harassment charges that hit the stand-up comedy scene in 2018 and the responses to those charges, I posit that stand-up comedy is a site where "appropriate" gender hierarchies are formulated in the pursuit of "global Indian-ness."


Microfluidic devices with integrated minisolenoids, microvalves, and channels have been fabricated for fast and low-volume immunoassay using superparamagnetic beads and well-known surface bioengineering protocols. A magnetic reaction area can be formed in the microchannel, featuring a high surface-to-volume ratio and low diffusion distances for the reagents to the bead surface. Such a method has the obvious advantage of easy implementation at low cost. Moreover, the minisolenoids can be switched on or off and the magnetic field intensity can be tuned on demand. Fluids can be manipulated by controlling the integrated air-pressure-actuated microvalves. Accordingly, magnetic bead–based immunoassay, as a typical example of biochemical detection and analysis, has been successfully performed on the integrated microfluidic device automatically in longitudinal mode. With a sample consumption of 0.5μl and a total assay time of less than 15min, goat immunoglobulin G was detected and the method exhibited a detection...


This paper introduces a new measure of the weighted average number of border crossings in value chain required for a product of one country to reach the final user in another country. It builds on the power series of a new multiplier matrix that models a "melting" part of the initial exports until it is entirely consumed (used) at an infinitely remote tier. Underlying the derivation of this new "global" inverse is a gross exports accounting framework that traces the destination of direct exports to their eventual users through multi-stage production. Data from the World Input- Output Database are employed for numerical tests, and the results are discussed and contrasted with other measures that quantify the number of production stages and accumulated protection in global value chains.


Peroxidase is one of the key enzymes of the cellular antioxidant defense system, which is mostly involved in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide. Here, a peroxidase gene, named ThPOD1 was isolated from a cDNA library, which was generated from root tissue of Tamarix hispida that was exposed to 0.4 M NaCl. The cDNA was subcloned in bacterial expression vector pET28a and expressed as N-terminal histidine tagged fusion protein in Escherichia coli (Rosetta gami). After induction with IPTG, a molecular weight of 42 kDa fusion protein was obtained and purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. New Zealand white rabbit was immunized with the purified ThPOD1 protein and the antiserum was obtained. Western blot analyses showed that, the antibody reacted specifically to recombinant ThPOD1 protein. Therefore, the antibody was applied to detect expression of ThPOD1 protein in T. hispida , which was treated with 20% PEG and 100 µM ABA, respectively. All treatments induced an increase in protein level of the ThPOD1 gene, especially the expression levels of ThPOD1 in roots were obviously higher than in leaves. This work established a good foundation for further study on the specific function of ThPOD1 under the condition of abiotic stress.


Using the information about the response of the acoustic energy echoes from the lung, such as the presence or absence of pulmonary edema in a subject, the system and method for monitoring pulmonary edema fluid state. System, inter alia, emit acoustic energy into the lungs, comprising an implantable device that includes an acoustic transducer configured to receive one or more responsive acoustic energy echoes from the lungs. In one example, the implantable device includes a cardiac function management devices having an acoustic window in its body. In another example, the implantable device includes one or more subcutaneous leads. Implantable or external processor circuit receives the information about the acoustic energy, and is configured to provide to calculate pulmonary edema fluid status indicators. Such information may include a reduction in the time interval between received are echoes received number of increased or continuously acoustic energy echoes. .The


The invention relates to an image display method extracted from an audiovisual document recorded in an apparatus. The saved document includes at least one report comprising at the top a first video sequence having a particular characteristic, such as the image of a presenter. This first video sequence having a limited information content, the invention is for selecting at least one image extracted from the report but not the first video sequence, and to create and display a composite image comprising both the first video sequence with the presenter and at least one extracted image reporting. An improvement consists in that said first video sequence is from a summary of the document, the report of the images are added to the contents of the images to increase the informatif.L'invention content also relates to the receiver adapted to implement the method.


The present study was performed to evaluate anthelmintic activity of Pet ether, Chloroform, ethanolic and aqueous extracts of whole plant of Barleria prionitis Linn. (Acanthaceae) against Pheretima posthuma worms. Various concentrations (50, 75 &100mg/ml) of Pet ether, Chloroform, ethanolic and aqueous extracts were evaluated in the bioassay involving determination of time of paralysis (P) and time of death (D) of the worms. Albadazole (Std.) was used as standard anthelmintic drug and distilled water was used as control. The results of present study indicated that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts significantly exhibited paralysis (P<0.01) in worms in lower doses (50, 75 and 100mg/ml) and also caused death of worms especially at higher concentration of 100mg/ml, as compared to standard drug. Further studies are in process to isolate the active principle/s responsible for the activity.