Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is a method to track the power point of an energy source with the intention to generate maximum power. The surface of the Solar Panel has the possibility of being blocked when it receives sunlight. The barrier can be in the shape of shadows of objects that are nearby solar panels. The problem causes the power generated to be not optimal and makes more than one MPPT peak on the characteristics of P-V. This paper compares several methods of MPPT such as Human Psychology Optimization (HPO), Artificial Bee Colony (ABC), and Fuzzy logic Controller (FLC) under partial shading conditions, the comparison of three method by simulation. This algorithm hooks up to a flyback converter to provide MPP. From the results of MPPT accuracy in partial shading situations, the ABC and HPO approach methods can achieve GMPP with more than 82.22 % accuracy. For convergence, ABC needs extra time to discover GMPP. From the results, the Fuzzy approach can track however nevertheless trapped on LMPP.


ccording to stress relaxation curves of phenolphthalein polyether ketone(PEK-C)at different temperatures and the principle of time-temperature equivalence equivalence,the master curve of PEK-C at arbitrary reference temperature is obtained A coupling model(Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts(KWW)is applied to explain quantitatively stress relaxation behaviour's different temperature dependence and the relationship between stress shress relaxation and yield behaviour is established through coupling model.


Let n be a positive integer with n1,and let pbe an odd prime with p3.By using the elementary and the properties of the generalized Lebesgue-Nagell equations and the generalized Fermat equations,the integer solutions of the equation 4x2n-py2=1is studied.It is prove that this equation has no positive integer solution(x,y)for 2n.


Plasma ionization, excitation, mode transitions and associated electron heating mechanisms in atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) driven by dual radio frequency sources are investigated in this paper. The electrons are found to be heated mainly by the high frequency component in the plasma bulk when discharged in α mode. On the contrary, the low frequency component is primarily responsible for heating in the sheath which is caused by intense motion in the sheath. It was also found that variation of the lower frequency component ratio could effectively modulate the electron energy distribution as determined from time averaged EEDF. The results above have demonstrated that the independent control of plasma parameters via non-linear synergistic effect between the dual frequency sources can be achieved through reasonable selection of processing parameters.Plasma ionization, excitation, mode transitions and associated electron heating mechanisms in atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharges (DBD) driven by dual radio frequency sources are investigated in this paper. The electrons are found to be heated mainly by the high frequency component in the plasma bulk when discharged in α mode. On the contrary, the low frequency component is primarily responsible for heating in the sheath which is caused by intense motion in the sheath. It was also found that variation of the lower frequency component ratio could effectively modulate the electron energy distribution as determined from time averaged EEDF. The results above have demonstrated that the independent control of plasma parameters via non-linear synergistic effect between the dual frequency sources can be achieved through reasonable selection of processing parameters.


OBJECTIVE
We examined the presence of p53, Ki-67, bcl-2 and CK20, as detected by immunohistochemistry, and correlated with the classic variables (grade, stage and recurrence).

MATERIAL AND METHOD
The authors evaluated 57 superficial transitional cell carcinomas. Biopsy specimens examined included non recurrent transitional cell carcinomas (n = 36) and recurrent transitional cell carcinomas (n = 21). Association of bcl-2, p53, Ki-67 y CK20 index immunoreactivity with tumor grade, clinical stage and tumor recurrence was examined.

RESULTS
Ki-67 and p53 expression were related to the degree of differentiation and recurrence of the disease. bcl-2 and CK20 were not correlated with grade, stage and recurrence of the disease.

CONCLUSIONS
Positivity for Ki-67 and p53 increase with grade of the disease. P53 and Ki-67 are predictors of tumor recurrence for patients with superficial transitional cell carcinoma.


Reducing the water-cement ratio is successfully achieved using superplasticizers (SP). However, their use can reduce the early strength of concrete and reinforced concrete. Heat-moisture treatment (HMT) is the leading way to accelerate concrete strength. The use of the latest SP based on polycarboxylate esters (PCE) allows adjusting the HMT mode, in particular, to reduce the presteaming period duration. The structure formation of cement pastes was studied depending on PCE modification and the presteaming period duration. The authors show PCE effectiveness in terms of reducing the water-cement ratio and joint action with HMT. It was found that the most effective use of low PCE dosages when using HMT. Increasing the amount of introduced SP to 1.2-2.0 % doesn't lead to significant changes in initial and final setting times of cement pastes. The results of the study of cement stone compressive strength after HMT and on the 28th day, also the density and capillary porosity revealed a slight deterioration of these physical and mechanical properties (up to 5-10 %) when the presteaming period was abandoned. The results of X-Ray Diffraction analysis indicate no significant differences in the mineralogical composition of cement stone, which hardened at the HMT with the presteaming period of 2 hours and without it. The study of the cement stone microstructure showed that the PCE introduction in cement pastes contributes to the stone structure compaction and reduction of the number of pores. There were no significant changes in the cement stone pore structure, depending on the presteaming period duration. The conducted research shows that it is possible to regulate the HMT modes for the hardening of cement systems with SP.


Previous experimental studies of failure of rotator cuff repair have involved a single pull to ultimate load. Such an experimental design does not represent the cyclic loading conditions experienced in vivo. We created 1 cm x 2 cm rotator cuff defects in 16 cadaver shoulders, repaired each defect with transosseous simple sutures, and cyclically loaded the repairs by a servohydraulic materials test system actuator at physiologic rates and loads (rate of 33 mm/sec to a load of 180 N.). A progressive gap was noted in each specimen, for a 100% rate of failure of the repairs. A 5 mm gap developed at an average of 25 cycles, and a 10 mm gap developed at an average of 188 cycles. The central suture always failed first and by the largest magnitude. This study suggests that rotator cuff tears that are repaired with a "tension overload" of a portion of the muscle-tendon units will undergo gradual failure with physiologic cyclic loading until the normal resting lengths of the muscle-tendon units are restored. This "controlled failure" of the repairs may explain residual defects that have been demonstrated by ultrasonography and by arthrography in patients with "successful" rotator cuff repairs. Clinical implications are that: 1) rotator cuff tears should be repaired without tension if possible; and 2) transosseous bone tunnels should ideally extend distal to the weak metaphysical bone so that purchase is obtained into cortical bone for greater fixation strength. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997 Jul;79(7):1064-8. Strength of fixation with transosseous sutures in rotator cuff repair. Caldwell GL1, Warner JP, Miller MD, Boardman D, Towers J, Debski R. Abstract The effect of various configurations of placement of transosseous sutures on the immediate strength of fixation was studied in forty-five fresh-frozen humeri from cadavera of older individuals (mean age at the time of death, sixty-three years). The ultimate strength (the strength to failure) was significantly greater (p < 0.05) when the sutures were placed at sites more distal to the tip of the greater tuberosity or when the sutures were tied over a wider bone bridge. Cortical augmentation with use of a plastic button through which the transosseous sutures were tied increased the ultimate strength approximately 1.9-fold. The increase in the ultimate strength of the transosseous repair corresponded significantly with the increasing mean thickness of the corticalThe effect of various configurations of placement of transosseous sutures on the immediate strength of fixation was studied in forty-five fresh-frozen humeri from cadavera of older individuals (mean age at the time of death, sixty-three years). The ultimate strength (the strength to failure) was significantly greater (p < 0.05) when the sutures were placed at sites more distal to the tip of the greater tuberosity or when the sutures were tied over a wider bone bridge. Cortical augmentation with use of a plastic button through which the transosseous sutures were tied increased the ultimate strength approximately 1.9-fold. The increase in the ultimate strength of the transosseous repair corresponded significantly with the increasing mean thickness of the cortical bone as the sutures were placed more distally along the lateral aspect of the humerus. We concluded that the strength of the fixation of a rotator cuff repair can be increased by placing the transosseous sutures at least ten millimeters distal to the tip of the greater tuberosity and by tying them over a bone bridge that is at least ten millimeters wide. When bone is very osteoporotic, cortical augmentation with a readily available plastic button strengthens the repair.


INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative neurological disease characterized by the progressive loss of memory, attention, language and other cognitive functions. The most common form of dementia, there is currently no effective treatment for AD. Further, there remains no robust diagnostic test for AD in the earliest pre-symptomatic stages of the disease, when treatment therapies are likely to be most successful. Alongside the classic neuropathological hallmarks of AD, i.e., amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary tangle formation, white matter (WM) damage is also commonly observed. An emerging white matter hypothesis of AD posits the disorder is associated with marked myelin alteration and reduction, potentially preceding amyloid and tau pathology. This hypothesis stems from transgenic animal studies, the established toxicity of amyloid and tau pathology on myelin microstructure, and observation of myelin loss, split or balloon myelin sheaths, and oligodendroglial cell loss. Combined, these results suggest a more central role of WM and, specifically, myelin, alteration in AD than typically thought. To date, however, direct assessment of myelin change in AD has been difficult. In this work, we report on our initial findings investigating changes in myelin content in early mild AD. Using the rapid mcDESPOT multicomponent relaxation time technique, myelin content (quantified through the myelin water fraction, MWF) was directly measured throughout the brains of AD patients and healthy age and sex matched controls. Our results reveal altered myelin content differences between healthy controls and AD patients in distinct brain regions, as well as associations between MWF and degree of disability (measured through the Mini Mental State Exam, MMSE).


The authors would like to thank Scottish Natural Heritage, Scottish Government and the UK Natural Environment Research Council (grant code SMRU/10001) for funding this study. We would also like to thank Simon Moss and all the SMRU and University of Aberdeen staff and students who have provided invaluable help in the field.


In Canada, inclusive educators wishing to design education for all, must consider one of the most excluded groups in our schools and our society - Indigenous students and peoples – in their efforts to design for diversity. This article is based on a keynote lecture given by the author at a conference, Exploring Intersectionalities for Leadership and School Inclusion, held at the University of British Columbia on June 1, 2019.


Cooperative learning is hot issue of education at home and abroad, and has a wide range of applications in China. We decompose important and practical problems of computer courses based on PBL learning theory, illustrate overall process of cooperative learning including teaching preparation and implementation, and give related measures to enhance the effectiveness of cooperative learning combined with cooperative learning related problems.


ABSTRACT Armature voltage control of d.c. motor speed to a set point in the face of large step torque changes can be treated as a regulation problem in linear system theory. By proper pole assignment, one can have complete control over the dynamics of the closed loop system. The control input comes out as a function of the states, motor speed and armature current respectively, and integral of the output (speed error). The paper deals with separately exicited d.c. motors fed from a thyrister chopper circuit controlled by the state feed back signal. Discontinuous mode of current conduction in the chopper gives rise to unwanted swings in the dynamic response of the system. The proposed approach models the system taking discontinuous mode of current conduction into account, obtains the feed-back constants and predicts the oscillations that may come into picture at low shaft torques. Also a time varying model in proposed and this gives the designer an insight into the working of the system and guides him in hi...


Based on the sonde data observed at 3 meteorological stations(Geermu,Hami,Jiuquan)in the Northern Tibetan Plateau and its neighborhood in summer 1994,the direct solar radiation flux,total downward radiation flux and net radiation flux are computed by using MODTRAN3. With the help of the results,the solar heating rate and the infrared cooling rate were investigated,and some features of them were analyzed.The results show that the heating rate is the minimum near 11km height and the infraed cooling rate is the maximum in the Northern Tibetan Plateau and its neighborhood in summer 1994.To some extent,the solar heating rate is decided by zenith angle.


The invention relates to a preparation method of a waterborne dispersant and conductive dispersion liquid. Aiming at the water resistance, stability and conductivity of current waterborne dispersants, the method is utilized to carry out free radical copolymerization modification on monomers containing abundant sulfonic groups to design and synthesize a waterborne photosensitive macromolecular dispersant. The water resistance and thermal stability of the dispersant are improved. The molecular chain of the waterborne photosensitive macromolecular dispersant contains abundant sulfonic groups. The waterborne photosensitive macromolecular dispersant is used as a template agent and dopant synthesized with polythiophene to prepare a uniform and stable highly conductive dispersant by a chemical oxidative polymerization method. A film prepared from the dispersant has higher light transmittance and excellent conductivity and can be applied to ink, conductive coatings, antistatic agents, and the like.


Objective To investigate the copper transporting ability of Wilson protein, and the mechanism of zinc therapy. Methods Using RT-PCR to amplify a 1.95 kb copper binding domain fragment of Wilson protein (WCBD) and cloning it to pGEX-4T-1, the GST-WCBD was expressed in BL-21 under the IPTG induction. Purified the GST-WCBD with GST-columns, cleaved the GST part with Thrombin and acquired the WCBD. The metal binding properties to Cu(Ⅱ), Zn(Ⅱ), Fe(Ⅲ), Ni(Ⅱ), Ag(Ⅰ) with IMAC and 65 Zn blotting analysis were carried out. Results The WCBD was found having varying affinities with different metals as follow: Cu(Ⅰ) Zn(Ⅱ) Ni(Ⅱ) Cu(Ⅱ). Zn(Ⅱ) was discovered able to compete with Cu(Ⅰ) in the binding domain. Conclusion Wilson protein delivering copper as Cu(Ⅰ) was suggested to be demonstrated. The capacity of zinc to compete with copper may be a mechanism in zinc treatment to this disease.


In this paper, some of the processes involved in the generation and propagation of hazardous volcanic flows are described. The paper focuses on the high-speed dilute suspension flows that develop following (i) the explosive collapse and decompression of a lava dome; and (ii) the collapse of an ash-laden fountain erupting from a volcanic vent. Using the model, we calculate the approximate vertical distribution of pressure in the flow, and show how this and the flow force evolve as the flow advances from the vent. The effects of topography and sedimentation on the intensity and run-out of such flows are described. Where possible, we draw on field examples of the different phenomena, and we review some analogue laboratory experiments that provide support for the modelling approach.


MODULE ONE: LEGAL AND BUSINESS ETHICS, OVERVIEW, AND FINDING THE LAW 1. The Law: Legal and Business Ethics 2. Overview and Finding the Law MODULE TWO: BUSINESS AND LEGAL SYSTEMS: COURTS, LEGISLATURES, ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES, CONSTITUTIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LAW AFFECTING REGULATION 3. Sources of Law: Political and Institutional 4. Settling Legal Disputes: Alternative Dispute Resolution and Civil Lawsuits 5. Business and the Constitution 6. Government Regulation: Overview 7. Government Regulation: Anatomy and Enforcement of a Regulation 8. Public Law in International Business 9. Private Business Dealings in International Contexts MODULE THREE: PRIVATE LAW AFFECTING ENTREPRENEURS 10. Torts: Negligence, Strict Liability, and Intentional Torts 11. Nature, Definition, and Classification of Contracts 12. Property 13. Intellectual Property and Technology MODULE FOUR:LAW AFFECTING THE HUMAN RESOURCES DEPARTMENT 14. Employer-Employee Relations: Rules in Common Law 15. Important Statutes in Employer-Employee Relations 16. Employment Discrimination 17. Federal Labor Law: Unionization and Collective Bargaining MODULE FIVE: LAW AFFECTING BUSINESS FINANCING 18. Business Organizations 19. Securities Regulation MODULE SIX: LAW EFFECTING THE MARKETING DEPARTMENT 20. Antitrust Law 21. The Federal Trade Commission Act, Franchising, and Unfair Competition 22. Consumer Protection MODULE SEVEN: LAW AFFECTING THE MANUFACTURING DEPARTMENT 23. Product Liability 24. Environmental Law


Seven young infants aged 14 days to 2.5 months with vitamin K-dependent factor deficiency were studied with special reference to prothrombin activity (ACT) and antigen (AGN) level. Among them, three infants had cogenital bile duct atresia (CBA), other three were breast-fed babies with severe hemorrhagic tendency of unknown cause and the last one infant suffered from intractable diarrhea. In the patients with CBA and breast-fed babies, the ratio of prothrombin ACT to AGN measured by immunoelectroassay was all lower than 0.1. Furthermore, the arc of prothrombin AGN in these patients demonstrated a faster anodal shift than did the normal prothrombin AGN by crossed immunoelectrophoresis. This abnormal prothrombin AGN was not consumed after recalcification of patient plasma, and adsorbed pooly on BaS04. In addition, the abnormal prothrombin AGN was disappeared from the patient plasma within a few days after parenteral administration of vitamin K . These results suggest that this abnormal prothrombin is PIVKA-I1 (Protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist). On the other hand, both prothrombin ACT and AGN decreased to the same extent in a patient with intractable diarrhea. It was presumed that the patient had a quantitatively decreased level of prothrombin AGN .


Tidal Expiratory Flow Limitation (EFLT) promotes intrinsic PEEP (PEEPi) which increases work of breathing and patient-ventilator interaction. The application of an external PEEP adjusted to counterbalance PEEPi improves these variables. Forced oscillation technique can monitor EFLT by measuring within-breath changes in reactance at 5Hz (ΔXRS) (Dellaca et al ERJ 2004). This technique has been incorporated in a prototype of NIV ventilator (Synchrony, Philips/Respironics, Pittsburgh, USA) able to continuously adjust PEEP to the minimum pressure needed to abolish EFLT (AutoAdjusted, AA). Eight hyercapnic COPD patients (FEV1%pred=41.3±14.6; FEV1/FVC%pred=49.3±18.6) were studied during two nights, one with their prescribed PEEP (P) and the other with AA, in random sequence. Transcutaneous CO2 (TcCO2) and standard PSG were recorded over the night. The number of ineffective efforts (IE) per hour was manually assessed and the percentage of the night spent with TcCO2 > 45 mmHg was computed from tracings. Data is reported as median(IQR). The optimised PEEP delivered in the AA night was lower than P during 42(33)% of the night. Sleep efficacy index as computed by PSG was similar for both nights (76.8(13.3)% for AA, 73.6(11.5)% for P, p=0.58). The number of IE was reduced by 25(43)%, (p=0.02) and the percentage of night time spent in hypercapnia was reduced by 25(75)% (p=0.04) during AA night. Automatic adjustment of PEEP targeted to abolish EFLT during night improves patient-ventilator interaction and reduces hypercapnia in COPD.


The study reveals important regional variations in the magnitude of mesopelagic carbon remineralisation and thus the ability of the North Atlantic to sequester atmospheric CO2. Based on the measured Baex concentrations, the mesopelagic POC remineralisation is the highest in the sub-polar North Atlantic, while in the temperate North Atlantic more POC sinks below 1000 m depth. This work also shows that in some regions mesopelagic POC remineralisation flux exceeds downward POC flux from the upper ocean, thereby highlighting the significance of the remineralisation for the strength and efficiency of the biological carbon pump.


We developed the antigen capture enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) systems for quantification of Borna disease virus (BDV) major antigens, p40 and p24. Using these ELISAs, we quantified the two proteins in various BDV‐infected materials, including the cell lysates and culture supernatants as well as the homogenates of experimental animal brains. The ELISAs were also applied to measure the infectious titer of BDV in persistently infected cell lines. Quantitative analysis with these ELISAs allowed us to measure the molecular ratio between the p40 and p24 in infected samples. Interestingly, the ratio of p24 to p40 in persistently infected cells was much higher than that observed in acutely infected cells although the ratios in the supernatants from both cell lines were quite similar. BDV‐inoculated gerbil brain cells showed a relatively high ratio of p24 to p40 as compared with acutely infected cells. These observations suggested that the molecular ratio between the proteins strongly depended on the infectious status of BDV in the host cells. The ELISA system developed here could be a convenient method for the quantification of BDV infection and may also be beneficial for understanding viral replication and infectious status in the host cells.


The invention belongs to the technical field of computer defense and particularly discloses a method and a system for grading detection and prompt of a fishing website. The method includes transmitting uniform resource locator (URL) of a user current visit website to a server end, searching whether the URL is in the preset blacklist database or a white list database, allowing users to visit the current website if the URL in the white list database, preventing the users from visiting the current website and transmitting corresponding risk prompt information if the URL is in the blacklist database, obtaining page content information according to the URL if the URL is not in the blacklist database or the white list database, matching phishing website reference characteristics in a preset phishing website characteristic database with webpage content information and transmitting different risk prompt information according to different matching results. Risk prompt with different grades can be given according to characteristics of different websites, so that using safety of users can be further guaranteed.


The authors share a theatre game used with language learners that connects students performances with objects and in their bodies to the work of curating displays at a museum.


In order to solve the problem of quality education reform in research activities, a multiobjective optimization model for the optimal performance distribution of college teachers is proposed. We mainly use the multiobjective optimization method to study the allocation of optimal performance. On the basis of considering individual differences, a multiobjective optimization model is established with the goal of maximizing the total satisfaction of all assessment objects and balancing the satisfaction as much as possible by introducing the score conversion function and the satisfaction function. The results show that the variation trends of the weak Pareto fronts at five different confidence levels are basically the same; that is, different confidence levels have little effect on the results. Conclusion. The use of a multiobjective optimization model can improve the optimal performance distribution of college teachers, so as to effectively promote the reform of quality education in research activities.


This is the first report, to the best of our knowledge, on the degradation of licofelone, a dual cyclooxygenaselipoxygenase inhibitor under development, in phosphatidylcholine bilayers. With the objective of characterizing licofelone-phosphatidylcholine interactions to understand its better gastric tolerability over conventional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, our preliminary data showed that the lower the pH, the higher the rate and extent of licofelone degradation in the presence of phosphatidylcholine liposomes. The lipid concentration was another critical factor influencing the rate and extent of licofelone degradation, suggesting that phosphatidylcholine bilayers may act as a catalyst. These data highlight the need of considering lipids in drug development to better predict the drug pharmacokinetics prior to clinical evaluation.


CONCLUSION: The larger reduction in magnetization transfer ratio for PML lesions is most likely due to demyelination, whereas the reduction in HIV-WML may be associated primarily with gliosis. PML lesions appear to cause strong reductions in magnetization transfer ratio early in the course of disease. Magnetization transfer MR imaging is a noninvasive tool that improves the differentiation between PML and HIV-WML in patients with AIDS.


Qingxie a gas injection port opening (74), laser beam attenuating input window (24) and the laser shutter (20) in the preferred embodiment consisting of a UV laser optical system (10) of the subsystem, wherein a laser beam is completely encapsulated, to reduce contamination of the optical system of such member (44,60,72) is. Qingxie gas is injected through a plurality of positions within a beam tube set (18), in order to ensure an optical member for contamination-sensitive surface (78) positioned within the flow path of the gas Qingxie. The input window into the operating device such as a fixed degree of attenuation, so as to constrain photopolymerization airborne particles and molecules. Periodically rotating optical assembly holder (142) disposed within the by asymmetric manner, can reduce the damage to the burning of the optical member.


Bastos, lies 700 kilometers northwest of Sao Paulo, is a municipio supported almost entirely by utilization of the surrounding monocultures. Now it is one largest Japanese colonies like Mogi das Cruzes in all Brazil. The former is the primary focus of Japanese agriculture settlement, and the latter is secondary focus in Sao Paulo state.This Japanese colony deserves attention not because it is representative, but it is a facinating example of geographical change among people and land. This Japanese colony was ranked as Brazil's leading producer of cotton and silk. The most important of the changes in the postwar are associated with the decline of cotton and silk and the rise of egg production.As a result, most of the Japanese had left here for other colony, and the farm had gone to ruin. For the egg production, the villagers settled in the suburbs. In 1955 Bastos produced 4, 000, 000 dozen eggs, and in 1973 33, 100, 000 dozen eggs. Bastos has been known as the country of egg like the peach of Mogi das Cruzes.Peon for the labor force came from Nordeste, and formed the favela on the west hills of Bastos. Now peons account for more than 40 percent of the inhabitants. This form of favela has helped to increase residential segregation between peons and Japanese in recentry years. The total population of Bastos is 12, 000, and the trend to population increase continues.By the uses the excrement from the chikens, the colonies could plant other crop; watermelon, pineapple and walnut, on their farms. Now monoculture has gone, and polyculture is come here.The Japanese of Bastos place a strong emphasis on education. Every family sends its boys to high school and university in Sao Paulo.The Japanese farmers, who do not cultivate rice, eat rice and Japanese foods. Tea, rice and vegetables are still the favorite diet. The old generation at Bastos speaks only Japanese, but the second also speaks Japanese and Portugues freely. They form the social group of the religion and recreation of Japan. In culture and population Bastos is still a Japanese island on the Paulista frontier.


The paper explores the research potential of a multimedia database called 'Simulated Site Visits' to record the translation processes which occur between architectural documentation drawings and their built form. This is a significant area for research, as computer visualisation is transforming design and documentation techniques. 'Simulated Site Visits' allows records of the construction process, which is normally concealed once building is completed to be linked to architectural documentation drawings and other records in a four dimensional framework. This non-linear reading of different media, facilitates the study of links and gaps between architectural drawings and their built form. It is a recent and radically different format for recording, retrieving and reviewing information developed. The research and teaching concepts were developed by the author and the computer interface strategy was developed by Jonathan Finkelstein, also from the University of Melbourne.


Pulsed Laser Ablation in Liquid (PLAL) has become an increasingly important technique for metals production and metal oxides nanoparticles (NPs) and others. This technique has its many advantages compared with other conventional techniques (physical and chemical). This work was devoted for production of Zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles via PLAL technique from a solid zirconium target immersed in a group of wet environments in order to study the effect of different surfactants on the optical properties and structure of ZrO2 nanoparticles. The solutions which used for this purpose are sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The produces NPs were characterized by mean of many tests such as UV-visible (UV-Vis.), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Z-Potential. The UVVis spectra show a blue shift in the presence of SDS solution which indicates quantum confinement property of the NPs. The TEM test shows less than 10 nm average particle sizes with spherical and irregular shapes. It was found that use surfactant solution leads to significantly higher ablation efficiency accomplished with finer spherical nanoparticles sizes. Z-Potential test shows values in the range of (-41.3) mV and (+56.1) mV which indicate for NPs stability with extremely low agglomeration solution.


Abstract Naturally occurring systems have the ability to self‐regulate, which plays a key role in their structural and functional adaptation. The autonomous behavior in living systems is biocatalytically controlled by the continuous consumption of energy to remain in a non‐equilibrium condition. In this work, we show the construction of a self‐regulated "breathing" microgel that uses chemical fuels to keep the system in the out‐of‐equilibrium state. The enzyme urease is utilized to program a feedback‐induced pH change, which in turn tunes the size switch and fluorescence intensity of the microgel. A continuous supply of chemical fuels to the system allows the process to be reversible. This microgel with tunable autonomous properties provides insights into the design of artificial systems and dynamic soft materials.


In order to reduce energy waste for artificial lights and subsequent air conditioning in plant growth chambers, the aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the feasibility of growing the microvine under 100 % of LED illumination. Plant growth under two different LED lights was compared amongst each other and with plants maintained in greenhouse conditions. Regarding the impact on the reproductive and vegetative systems, the study showed that LED light is suitable to grow microvines in confined environments. Plants exposed to LED light exhibited similar leaf emergence rate but reduced vegetative and reproductive organ size compared to plants grown in the greenhouse. Photosynthesis for plants exposed to LED light was higher than what is usually observed on grapevine under natural conditions.


List of Contributors. Preface. List of Abbreviations and Primary Sources. 1. The Development of Wittgenstein's Philosophy (Hans--Johann Glock). 2. The So--Called Picture Theory: Language and the World in Tractatus Logico--Philosophicus (Hide Ishiguro). 3. The Logical System of the Tractatus (Howard Mounce). 4. Wittgenstein on Intentionality (Erich Ammereller). 5. Meaning and Understanding (Bede Rundle). 6. Following a Rule (Robert L. Arrington). 7. Thinking (Oswald Hanfling). 8. The Will (Stewart Candlish). 9. Private Language and Private Experience (Severin Schroeder). 10. The Inner and the Outer (Michel ter Hark). 11. Wittgenstein and 'I' (David Bakhurst). 12. Seeing Aspects (Stephen Mulhall). 13. Philosophy of Mathematics (Pasquale Frascolla). 14. Autonomy (Hubert Schwyzer). 15. Wittgenstein on Scepticism and Certainty (A.C. Grayling). 16. Philosophy (P.M.S. Hacker). 17. Ethics, Faith and 'What Can Be Said' (D.Z. Phillips). Bibliography. Index.


Reflectivity measurements, at different fixed frequencies, have been performed on Bi{sub 2}Sr{sub 2}CaCu{sub 2}O{sub 8} films as a function of temperature and magnetic field. Analysis of the data provides evidence for an order parameter 2{Delta}(0){congruent}3.3{ital k}{sub {ital B}T{ital c}} although the variation of this order parameter with temperature is significantly different from that predicted by the weak-coupling BCS model.


With advances in the technology, high-density on-chip electrical interconnects are not able to meet current technology demands due to inherent RC limitation. Silicon photonics is an emerging technology with the prospects of electronics and photonics integration on a chip, which can improve system performance and open up numerous design opportunities. The potential of optical interconnects have been investigated immensely for compact design, strong light confinement, high bandwidth, low crosstalk, low loss propagation, in the design of high density, next generation on-chip systems. Plasmonics is considered to be the most promising candidate for the miniaturization of photonic components, which can provide subwavelength confinement by coupling electromagnetic energy to electron oscillations at metallic-dielectric interface leading to localized electromagnetic field. Graphene, an allotrope of carbon with unique optoelectronic properties and silicon compatibility has prompted intense research in graphene based electrical and optical applications, ranging from the terahertz to the visible spectral region. It has been shown as a promising candidate in planar photonic circuit design, paving the way for realistic applications. This paper analyzes the mode characteristics i.e. effective mode index, propagation distance, and field distribution of graphene integrated plasmonic waveguide architectures. The transmission through the waveguide is directly affected by location and tunability of graphene refractive index. To enhance graphene interaction with light, it is placed at the maximal electric field to increase absorption through graphene for the design of compact electro-absorption modulator. The simulation results show agreement with the analytical models.


In this paper the neuron operation based on Brillouin-active fiber in optical fiber is described. The inherent optical feedback by the backscattered stokes wave in optical fiber leads to instabilities in the form of optical chaos. Controlling of chaos induced transient instability in Brillouin-active fiber is implemented with Kerr nonlinearity having a non-instantaneous response in network systems. The controlling chaotic instabilities can lead to multistable periodic states; create optical logic 'on' or high level "1" or 'off, or low level "0". It is theoretically possible to apply the multi-stability regimes as an optical memory device for encoding and decoding series and complex data transmission in optical systems.


In this paper, we first establish two right-quantum integral equalities involving a right-quantum derivative and a parameter m∈ 0,1. Then, we prove modified versions of Simpson's and Newton's type inequalities using established equalities for right-quantum differentiable α,m-convex functions. The newly developed inequalities are also proven to be expansions of comparable inequalities found in the literature.


A implementation method is proposed on the basis of principle of long term energy integration based on kinematics equation theory.Its signal models and processing are provided.According to the ob-lique uniform rectilinear motion,the implementation of this method is stated.Finally,simulation result is given to demonstrate that the method has favorable integration performance for oblique uniform rectilinear moving target.


Benefiting from the progress of power electronics technology, distributed generation technology is developing rapidly. Since micro grids cannot rely on traditional multi-time scale control strategies to ensure the high-quality frequency stability control and economic dispatch in the same time scale, this paper proposes an extreme dynamic programming algorithm. The proposed algorithm takes an adaptive dynamic programming algorithm as the framework, an extreme learning machine as a kernel of the evaluation module, a model module, an implementation module and a new prediction module. The resulting unified time scale intelligent control algorithm better realizes the combined functions of "droop control + automatic generation control + economic dispatch" in the traditional opermode. Finally, in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, a micro grid model of 8 nodes is simulated. The results confirm the feasibility and validity of the proposed extreme dynamic programming algorithm.


Little attention has been paid in the theoretical literature to the fact that empirically observed differences in unemployment rates by education groups reflect more underlying differences in incidence rather than in duration of unemployment. This paper closes the gap between the theory and the evidence. We analyse educational investments in a matching environment with endogeneous job creation and job destruction. We obtain the following set of results : (i) unlike standard matching models of human capital investments, unemployment and education are not trivially related ; (ii) firing costs may lead to a low skill trap ; (iii) the market outcome is generally inefficient and employment protection may improve welfare. Classification JEL : E24, I20, J21, J60


A modified topology structure is applied to antenna design in this article. An L‐band printed monopole antenna using trefoil knot structure is proposed for 1.25 GHz to realize antenna miniaturization based on the concept of topology. The proposed trefoil knot can be applied to other circuitry such as resonators and filters. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 52: 1585–1588, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.25264


In this study, we researched a space allocation method of emissions from domestic coastal shipping (passenger ship, cargo ship, fishing boats). We were building a geographic information data that is used in GIS for emissions of space allocation, and presented a methodology capable of performing the space allocated for each grid by calculating the emissions. Passenger ships were assigned emissions of routes each the ship that operated at a fixed. Emissions of crusing mode of cargo ship, was equally assigned to the safe operation line, which is defined for domestic cargo ship. Also, Emissions of maneuvering (moving into or out of port) and hoteling (operations while stationary at dock), was assigned in consideration of anchorage in the major port. Fishing boat was evenly allocated monthly emissions in the country every month fishing grounds formation zone. Based on these results, it tries to provide the basic data that can be used when you want to create a local government measures to reduce scenario in the future.


A novel, precise, accurate and economic high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method was developed, optimized and validated for simultaneous determination of Sildenafil Citrate and Dapoxetine Hydrochloride. The chromatographic separation was performed on precoated silica gel 60 GF254 plate with hexane: methanol: diethyl amine 9.2:1.6:1.2 (v/v/v) as mobile phase. The plate was developed to distance of 8.0 cm at ambient temperature. The developed plate was scanned and quantified at their single selected wavelength of 241 nm for Sildenafil Citrate and Dapoxetine Hydrochloride. Experimental conditions such as band size, chamber saturation time, migration time of solvent front, etc. were critically studied and the optimum condition were selected. The drugs were satisfactorily resolved with RF 0.21 ± 0.02 for Sildenafil Citrate and 0.72 ± 0.02 for Dapoxetine Hydrochloride. The method was validated for linearity, accuracy, precision, and specificity. The calibration plot was linear between 2000–12000 ng per spot for Sildenafil Citrate and 1200–7200 ng per spot for Dapoxetine Hydrochloride. The limits of detection for Sildenafil Citrate and Dapoxetine Hydrochloride were 210 and 75ng per spot respectively and limit of quantification for Sildenafil Citrate and Dapoxetine Hydrochloride were 450 and 240ng per spot respectively. It is a user-friendly and important tool for analysis of combined fixed dosage forms. Methods were validated statistically and recovery studies were carried out. The method herein described can be employed for quality control and routine analysis of drugs inpharmaceutical formulations.


This paper aims to investigate the typology of resultative constructions (henceforth RC) in Korean, to provide their relevant constraints and finally to propose formal structures of RCs in a unified way.


An in vivo investigation on the gross and cellular changes of the pancreas of Swiss albino mice treated with Ficus racemosa extract was carried out at the Bioresearch Laboratory, Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Twenty (20) Swiss albino mice (Mus musculus, age: 4-5 weeks, weight 25-28g, purchased from ICDDR,B) were used for this experiment and were grouped (each group has 5 mice) as the control group (C), diabetic control group (DC), glibenclamide treated group (GL) and Ficus racemosa extract treated group (FR) and provided with feed (standard mice pellets purchased from ICDDR,B) and water ad libitum. Diabetes mellitus was induced by single intra-peritoneal injection of freshly prepared solution of alloxan monohydrate (150mg/kg body weight) dissolved in physiological saline in overnight fasted mice. The ethanolic extracts of Ficus racemosa fruit (250mg/kg body weight) was administered orally once daily for 30 days in comparison to a standard antidiabetic drug, glibenclamide (600μg/kg body weight). The uniformity of all the management practices was also maintained. The total experimental tenure was 30 days. At the end of the experiment, mice were ethically sacrificed and necessary samples were collected from the pancreas and were preserved, processed for slide preparation and stained (H & E stain) for histomorphological investigation. Pancreas of the normal control group showed no morphological changes, whereas, both the colour and shape were significantly changed in the diabetic control group. The alteration was effectively restored in the standard anti-diabetic drug (glibenclamide) treated group as well as the Ficus racemosa extract treated group. Histologically, necrosis in the islets and focal acinar damages, found in the diabetic pancreas were restored to normal in the Ficus racemosa extract treated groups, and were significantly related to that of the effect produced by standard antidiabetic drug, glibenclamide. Therefore, it is assumed that the Ficus racemosa extract might be used as an anti-diabetic drug or as an adjuvant in the diabetic therapy. Results might aid to explore a frontier, inexpensive, safe and effective anti-diabetic drug in future.


Summary

Apple pomace (AP) is a potential source of phenolic compounds, and most of the phenolics are presented in the bound form. Liberation of these bound phenolics is required to improve their health functionality. In this context, AP was naturally fermented followed by the ultrasonication and microwave drying. Fermentation time (FT), pomace to water ratio (PWR), ultrasonication intensity (UI) and microwave power (MWP) had significant (P < 0.05) effect on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of AP. At the optimum pretreatment conditions of 24 h FT, 5% (w/v) PWR, 37 W cm−2 UI and 90 W MWP, TPC and AA of AP were 40.3% and 92.9%, respectively, higher than that of the control AP. Extrudates from pretreated AP also had improved textural (hardness, brittleness, crispness) and functional (water absorption index, water solubility index) properties. Pretreatment reduced crystalline fraction amount and enhanced solubility of AP.


Prolonged vibration is accompanied by the periods of activation and suppression of the rate of lipid peroxidation, which mismatch in the rate in the tissues being examined. After 30-day LR prefeeding, the use of licorice roots (LR) and vibration cause a reduction in the rate of lipid peroxidation in plasma and adrenals and substantially suppress the negative impact of vibration.


The latter remark betrays the same mindset exemplified in Cain's rhetorical question, namely that one has no responsibility to anybody but oneself, and this is nobody's business but my own. Emmanuel Levinas contests the legitimacy of both remarks insofar as he calls into question the presumed fact that one's body is primarily one's own before it is there as an offering to the Other. My responsibility to, for and in place of the Other, i.e. as substitute for the Other, extends as far as 'my' own body. In other words, perhaps 'my' body is not 'mine' at all or, if it is, only in a derivative sense. By calling into question the proprietorship of the body, Levinas – despite his silence, as much as is possible, on such issues – has much to offer applied ethics, particularly concerning the moral worth of actions like abortion, but also surrogacy, self-enhancement, prostitution, pornography, exhibitionism, stem-cell research etc. The objective of this article is not to pronounce a judgment concerning the moral worth of any of these issues in particular—though space will be dedicated to abortion as a case study—but to show how Levinas calls into question the proprietorship of the body in a way that will trouble traditional conclusions drawn in applied and normative ethics according to existentialist-based and/or libertarian rights-based models.


Abstrak The problem happens when mathematics learning in classes VII of Junior High School 27 Padang to some things, including with regard to the learning process that is the teacher laid dominate, so students do not dare to ask about the material is not yet understood. In addition, students still less active in the learning process. It is due to the learning took place in one direction, where the teacher was explaining the subject matter, then give you an example about and exercise to students, while students just listen to the explanations given teacher, then do exercises based on the example of a given teacher. At the time of process of learning of students can't be forced to ask and pay attention to learning. Lack of response to the students on the question is given a teacher, so that the students simply take note of it. To solve the problem one of the efforts that can be done with a strategy of active type giving questions and getting answers on learning math students in VII grade of  Junior High School 27 Padang. Kind of this research was experiment research. Population of this research was all students of VII grade of Junior High School 27 Padang in 2015/2016 which is consist of seven classes. Sample of this research was VII2 class as experiment class and VII1 class as control class. Total of students of each sample class was 35 students and 32 students. Based on the data the result of students learning on two sample class had been done hypotheses test with test-t on  level and got  , . Because of   the hypotheses filedd was accepted that was the result of math learning of students who applied a strategy of active learning type of giving question and getting answers was better than the result of math learning of students who applied usual learning on students of VII grade of Junior High School 27 Padang. Keywords: Mathematics learning, Giving Questio ns and Getting Answer s


Objective:To investigate and evaluate the administration of antibacterials in perioperative period of patients undergoing clean orthopedic operation.Methods:The use of antibacterials in 140 patients undergoing clean orthopedic operation in the First Hospital affiliated to the PLA General Hospital from January to March 2007 were reviewed.Results:All of the patients received prophylactic antibacterials perioperatively.Cephalosporins were most frequantly administered preoperatively.One hundred and eighteen patients(84.29%) received antibacterials during 2 h before the operation.The average duration of administration of antibacterials was(5.95±2.61) d.Conclusion:The dosage of antibacterials was too high and the duration of administration was too long.The prophylactic administration of antibacterials in perioperative period in orthopedics patients should be standardized.


There are now many observations of high velocity, molecular emission associated with outflows from young stars. This emission might come from molecules that are formed in the outflowing material, or from entrained, ambient molecular gas. The present paper explores the latter possibility, describing the efforts that have been made to model the "lateral entrainment" that occurs in the turbulent mixing layer formed along the edges of a jet-like flow (or, equivalently, at any interface between a fast moving flow and the surrounding environment). A simple, analytic approach based on model equations is used to provide a qualitative picture of the dynamical, thermal and chemical structure of such a turbulent mixing layer. Finally, a review of the efforts up to date of modelling the dynamics and chemistry of turbulent mixing layers is presented.


This commentary offers reflections on the preceding articles and frames ethics of community engagment by (organizational) communication scholars in terms of broader issues about the enterprises of applied research. The brief essay considers how we approach and position ethics (writ large) in our work and then offers the following dialectics for consideration: openness versus protection, privilege versus equality, distance versus empathy, listening versus advising, and representation versus intervention.


Collaborative filtering (CF) is a widely used technique in recommender systems by automatically predicting the user's latent interests based on many users' historical rating data. To improve the performance of the CF-based recommender systems, users' rating data should be pre-processed to avoid noise and enhance data reliability. Many researchers studied anomaly detection to remove malicious noise caused by shilling attacks, but anomalies can still exist in non-attacked real user data, which is called natural noise, as the ratings of users can be impacted by unpredictable factors such as other users' ratings and anchoring bias. In this paper, we propose an autoencoder-based recommendation system for exploiting the ability of both anomaly detection and CF. The proposed system detects the natural noise in the rating data based on the reconstruction errors after training. By removing the detected natural noise, CF can predict the unrated ratings with noise-free data. Our experiments show that the proposed model showed better performance than the traditional method by reducing the error by up to 5% compared to the method that does not consider natural noise detection and reducing the error by up to 4% compared to the conventional rating classification based natural noise detection methods.


Background: With the start of COVID-19, a general concern for the health and safety of people remained the chief priority for medical health professionals. Likewise, one concern which was initially overlooked was for the pregnant women and the new-born child's health during the pandemic. With recent reports of an excessive increase in pregnancy during lockdown, it is a critical area to consider that whether there is a chance of vertical transmission of the infectious disease from the mother to the fetus.
Methods: Using narrative review approach the present study endeavored in highlighting the importance of protecting expecting mothers and their infants upon birth from COVID-19. The study collected all the relevant literature on the matter of pregnancy during COVID-19 and its impact using key terms such as pregnancy, COVID-19, vertical transmission Moreover, the study tried suggesting recommendations based on literature review.
Results: It can be inferred that though currently not enough evidence has been brought into light to suggest pregnant mothers or the infant children as vulnerable, however proper precautionary measures must be taken during these testing times to subdue the imminent threat coronavirus can brought on to the mother or child.
Conclusions: The current study is an attempt to call out to the official authorities and health professionals to develop policies and interventions to support the mother and child during the birthing process and take in consideration the suggested recommendations.


Noble metal particles of the present invention comprises a substrate and a porous film formed on the substrate. The porous membrane comprises a carrier particle, and noble metal particles and an inorganic binder. In the porous membrane, noble metal particles are supported on the surface of the carrier particles, and carrier particles to form secondary particles having a porous structure. The porous film includes a secondary particle of the carrier particles, and the secondary particles of the other carrier particles adjacent to the secondary particles, so as to at least partially the air gap exists between, is bound by the inorganic binder It is formed by.


Predation of slugs by Carabidae may contribute significantly to slug control in an integrated approach in pasture and arable crops. Carabidae are susceptible to many insecticides used in field crops and to the molluscicide, methiocarb, but populations tend to recover within 1 month through migration from adjacent areas. However, in the long-term repeated insecticide and molluscicide treatments may affect carabid numbers and diversity in agricultural habitats. The effect of pesticides on carabid populations can be reduced in soils rich in organic matter, and recovery enhanced by establishment of beetle refugia in conservation headlands and winter cover crops, and by avoiding deep and frequent soil cultivation.


Background: Substance use during pregnancy is a major public health concern, stemming from potential physical and psychosocial harms to both the mother and child. Objective: It was my aim to characterize substance use patterns throughout pregnancy and explore the reasons that women attribute to these patterns of use. Methods: A mixed methods approach was used to investigate a group of women that attend(ed) Breaking the Cycle (BTC). BTC is a "one-stop" comprehensive service available to pregnant or parenting women who have substance use issues. Results: Through a chart review (N=470), I found that the greatest number of women used tobacco and cannabis for the duration of pregnancy (N=231 and N=101, respectively), while the proportion of women continuing opioid use was comparably high (61.8%). The results from the two focus groups highlighted the importance of self-efficacy and quality relationships for women who are trying to make positive changes to their substance use during pregnancy.


The state-of-practice by State transportation agencies, in the area of structural foundations, is compared between the late 1970's and the present. The structural foundation process is examined from the planning and subsurface project phase through post construction evaluation. Comparisons are made by: identifying areas of weakness, citing benefits realized from specific design and construction monitoring changes, and making predictions of future trends.


A specific ultraviolet assay for phenyramidol (P) has been developed. In rodents the drug produces a reversible loss of the righting reflex. Control mice which received 8 mg ip of P hydrochloride remained paralyzed for 35.6 ± 2.5 (SE) min, whereas animals whose drug-metabolizing enzymes had been stimulated by pretreatment with diphenylhydantoin were paralyzed for 7.3 ± 2.8 min. Pretreatment with SKF 525-A (40 mg/kg ip) significantly prolonged P paralysis time from 6.3 ± 1.8 min to 24.9 ± 3.5 min in mice that received 5 mg of P hydrochloride ip. The biological half-life (t½) of P in control mice was about 15 min. Stimulation of the drug-metabolizing enzymes shortened the whole body t½ of P from 15 min to about 8 min, whereas treatment with SKF 525-A prolonged the t½ to 38 min. Stimulation of the liver microsomal enzymes by pretreatment of mice also doubled the rate of metabolism of P in incubations of P with liver microsomes. P is rapidly metabolized in the isolated perfused rat liver. Metabolites which have been identified by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry include P glucuronide, a product formed by hydroxylation of the pyridine ring and the glucuronide of the latter. Gas chromatography indicated that P glucuronide accounted for at least 90% of the total metabolite.


Nano‐scale biogenic UO2 is easier to oxidize and more reactive to aqueous metal ions than bulk UO2. In an attempt to understand these differences in properties, we have used a suite of bulk and surface characterization techniques to examine differences in the reactivity of biogenic UO2 versus bulk UO2 with respect to aqueous Zn(II). Precipitation of biogenic UO2 was mediated by Shewanella putrefaciens CN32, and the precipitates were washed using two protocols: (1) 5% NaOH, followed by 4 mM KHCO3/KCl (NA‐wash; "NAUO2", to remove surface organic matter), and (2) 4 mM KHCO3‐KCl (BI‐wash; "BIUO2", to remove soluble uranyl species). BET surface areas of biogenic‐UO2 prepared using the two protocols are 128.63 m2g−1 and 92.56 m2g−1, respectively; particle sizes range from 2–10 nm as determined by FEG‐SEM. Surface composition was probed using XPS, which showed a strong carbon 1s signal for the BI‐washed samples; surface uranium is > 90% U(IV) for both washing protocols. U LIII‐edge XANES spectra also indicate th...


Objective
To observe effect of environmental enrichment on the learning and memory ability and the expressions of hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

Methods
A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: bilateral vascular occlusion (2VO) of the common carotid arteries group (n=14, 2VO group), 2VO + enriched environment (EE) group (n=14, 2VO+ EE group) and sham group (n=12, SHAM group). Morris water maze, novel object recognition test, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR), immunohistochemistry methods and Western blotting were used to detect changes in learning and memory ability of rats and HIF-1α and VEGF expression levels in hippocampus.

Results
Morris water maze showed that the escape latency was longer in the 2VO group than in the SHAM group at 3, 4 and 5 day during the training (all P<0.05), while the 2VO+ EE group spent significantly less time in finding the platform as compared with the 2VO group at 4 and 5 day (both P<0.05). The time for space exploration in target quadrant was less in 2VO group than in SHAM group (P<0.05), while it was longer in 2VO+ EE group than in 2VO group (P<0.05). Novel object recognition test showed that the 2VO operation impaired the priority index (PI) of time spending at exploring the novel object (P<0.05), and environmental enrichment could improve the PI in 2VO group (P<0.05). The real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting showed that the HIF-1α mRNA expression was higher in 2VO group than in SHAM group (P<0.05). The VEGF mRNA and protein expressions were higher in 2VO+ EE group than in 2VO group (both P<0.05). The expression of HIF-1α in hippocampal CA1 area was higher in 2VO group than in SHAM group (P<0.05).

Conclusions
Environmental enrichment can alleviate the damages of spatial and non-spatial learning and memory ability which are caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. And HIF-1α and its downstream gene VEGF may be involved in the restoration of cognitive function by enriched environment.

Key words:
Brain ischemia; Cognition; Milieu therapy; Hypoxia-inducible factor 1; Vascular endothelial growth factor


Spreadsheets use a meaningful algebra-like notation which, research suggests, can support pupils in developing an understanding of variables. This paper discusses the activity of Year 8 pupils who were taught to name a column on a spreadsheet, and who were asked to reflect upon their activity in a stimulated recall interview. More specifically, it considers the pupils' understanding of notation, such as 'A2' and 'm', which they used when constructing spreadsheet formulae. It is suggested that experience of naming columns may help pupils to develop a clearer sense of the notation as a variable, and to make links between their spreadsheet activity and use of standard algebraic notation [1].


Objective To evaluate the value of different reconstruction techniques with multi-slice spiraI CT(MSCT) in diagnosing spinal fractures.Methods Thirty-four cases with spinal fracture were underwent axial CT scanning,all data were reconstructed with multi-planar reconstruction(MPR)and surface shaded display(SSD) technique.The images of the two methods were analyzed.Results MPR has an advantage in displaying the small fractures,while the SSD can three-dimensionally display the location and shape of fractures,displacement of bone chips.Conclusion MPR combination with SSD could show spatial structure of the spatial fracture clearly,and it have great significance for clinical treatment of spatial fracture.


Aims. We present a study of star formation in the central molecular zone (CMZ) of our Galaxy through the association of three star formation indicators: 6.7 GHz CH3OH masers, 22 GHz H2O masers, and enhanced 4.5 μm emission ('green') sources. We explore how star formation in the CMZ (|� | �> 345 ◦ , |b| � >345 ◦ , |b| < 2 ◦ ). We fi nd no signif icant difference between the correlation rate of CH3OH masers with green sources in the CMZ and the disk. This suggests that although the physical conditions of the gas are different in the CMZ from that of the Galactic disk, once gravitational instability sets in at sufficiently high densities, signatures of star formation appear to be similar in both regions. Moreover, the detection of green sources, even at the distance of the Galactic center, shows that our technique can easily identify the early stages of star formation, especially in lowextinction regions of the Galaxy. Through the association of H2 Oa nd CH 3OH masers, we identify 15 star-forming sites in the CMZ. We find a higher correlation rate of coincident H2 Oa nd CH 3OH masers within the CMZ compared to the Galactic disk, indicating a difference in the maser evolutionary sequence for star-forming cores in these two regions.


Information Technology is used in various fields like education, business, Medicine, Weather forecasting systems, Communications etc., but not used vastly in Agriculture sector which is main livelihood for majority of people in rural areas and which also drives economy in developing countries like India, China, Brazil etc., and also over 45% of economy is contributed by Agriculture sector in these countries. Most of the people living in rural areas will depends on agriculture does not have facilities or cost may be very high to technology to Agriculture sector to yield good results. In this paper we design and develop AGRI-CLOUD which provides assistance to the farmers in analyzing crop diseases, getting required suggestions and finding appropriate fertilizers during cultivation at minimum cost from experts at research stations or from Government officials in Agriculture departments in a easily understandable natural languages. We design this cloud model to benefit various stake holders in agriculture field to provide precise and accurate information along with various security related concepts for providing integrity, security and Authentication for agricultural data shared or stored in cloud data center, along with Agri-Expert Service.


GS 0834‐430 has been observed in seven outbursts with the Large Area Detectors (LAD's) of the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory. We have fit observed pulse frequencies and total flux with a model that assumes binary motion and a relationship between the total flux and accretion induced torque. In addition, we have fit the first five harmonics of 4–6 day summed pulse profiles with a template pulse profile for each channel to detect changes in pulse shape. We present the history of the total flux and the pulsed frequency, pulse profiles, and orbital parameters.


The DNA from nine rice varieties were amplified using 249 SSR(simple sequence repeats) primer pairs,on 12 chromosomes in rice.39 SSR primer pairs with over three bands in nine rice varieties were screened.6 SSR markers of them could reveal Indica-Japonica polymorphisms.The polymorphisms of SSR marker,SSR fingerprint,the cluster and Indica-Japonica differentiation were analyzed through the screened SSR markers in nine rice varieties.


ABSTRACT There is little understanding of coaches' ethical knowledge, means to resolve ethical dilemmas, and how these dilemmas might align with those experienced in other helping professions. Using purposive convenience sampling, 260 coaches were asked about their training, the ethical dilemmas they have experienced, and how they have resolved their ethical dilemmas. The qualitative and quantitative results indicated that coaches reported a variety of dilemmas, with the three most common types being dilemmas related to conflicts of interest, confidentiality, and boundaries between therapy and coaching. The most reported methods of resolving dilemmas included informal resolution, referral to therapy, seeking supervision, seeking consultation and referring to the ICF Ethics Code. The results highlight common ethical issues that arise in coaching and their relationship to other helping professions.


Contemporary philosophy has changed its focus from linguistic philosophy to mental philosophy.Mentality involves body,and mental philosophy is related to body,experience and personal experience.Mental philosophy is a kind of embodied philosophy,which focuses on the mental and cognitive ability and the relevant language ability.Language is not the instrument of epistemology,but the status of noumenon;language is body,and language is existence.Cognitive linguistics advocates human's subjectivity and studies mental activity and its external behavior.It believes that language is the same mental basis of human beings and the external behavior of body experience.This will make a breakthrough in the mental issues of human beings.


Banana fiber has been modified by treatments with sodium hydroxide, silanes, cyanoethylation, heat treatment, and latex treatment and the thermal degradation behavior of the fiber was analyzed by thermogravimetry and derivative thermogravimetry analysis. Both treated and untreated fibers showed two-stage decomposition. All the treatments were found to increase the thermal stability of the fiber due to the physical and chemical changes induced by the treatments. The thermal degradation of treated and untreated banana fiber-reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites has also been analyzed. It was found that the thermal stability of the composites was much higher than that of fibers but they are less stable compared to neat PF resin matrix. Composite samples were found to have four-stage degradation. The NaOH treated fiber-reinforced composites have very good fiber/matrix adhesion and hence improvement in thermal stability is observed. Though both silane treatments increased the thermal stability of the composite the vinyl silane is found to be more effective. Heat treatment improves the crystallinity of the fiber and decreases the moisture content, hence an improved thermal stability. The latex treatment and cyanoethylation make the fiber surface hydrophobic, here also the composite is thermally more stable than untreated one. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2008


Objective To evaluate curative effects of treatment of malignant biliary and gastric out-let-duodenal obstruction with endoscopicaUy placed self-expandahle metal stents. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed in 17 patients who underwent enteral stenting after placement of the biliary stent. The success rate of insertion, the effective palliation of biliary and duodenal obstruction, the rate of complication, recurrent stent obstruction and the median patency were observed. Results In 17 patients, biliary stenting were all performed for obstructive jaundice and then enteral stents were inserted. The levels of tatal billiru-bin [from (263.4 ± 62.5 ) p, moL/L to ( 157.6 ± 25.1 ) μmol/L], direct billirubin [ from ( 1233.2 ± 66.5) μmol/L to ( 130.9 ± 27.7 ) μmol/L ] and alkaline phosphatase [ from ( 233.2 ± 66. 5 ) IU/L to (130. 9 ±27.7)IU/L] decreased significantly (P 〈 0. 01 ), and the gastric outlet score increased signifi- cantly [ from (0. 9 ± 1.1 ) points to (2. 1 ± 0. 7 ) points ] (P 〈 0. 01 ). No serious complication in all pa-tients. Lifetime of patients ranged from 70 days to 332 days, and the median survival time was 192 day. Conclusion Combined biliary and enteral stenting is an effective method for palliation of malignant biliary and gastric outlet-duodenal obstruction.

Key words:
Biliary tract neoplasms ;  Cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic retrograde ;  Stent ; Malignant biliary obstruction;  Malignant duodenal obstruction


Voice-based lie detectors rely on pseudo science. Nevertheless they are used in Great Britan and a number of other locations. One of the major producers of these detectors attempts to use threats to silence swedish researchers who pointed out that their technique lacks scientific basis, writes Francisco Lacerda, professor of Phonetics at Stockholm University.


In this study, we look at student perceptions of a first course in linear algebra, focusing on two specific aspects. The first is the statement by Carlson that a fog rolls in once abstract notions such as subspaces, span and linear independence are introduced, while the second investigates statements made by several authors regarding the negative emotions that students can experience during the course. An attempt is made to mitigate this through mediation to include a significant number of applications, while continually dwelling on the key concepts of the subject throughout the semester. The results show that students agree with Carlson's statement, with the concept of a subspace causing particular difficulty. However, the research does not reveal the negative emotions alluded to by other researchers. The students note the importance of grasping the key concepts and are strongly in favour of using practical applications to demonstrate the utility of the theory.


The short line fault point detection system based on MCU is proposed, which solves the problems about the low ability of giving the precise localization when the electric cable is less than 10 meters.The two-arm bridge measuring low resistance circuit of MCU control、 multivibrator measuring electric capacity、auxiliary leveling bridge circuit、output display circuit are designed.Carried on the actual test to the telephone line,the test result had indicated that the system can give the good localization,and has the high precision and the stability when the electric cable is less than 10 meters.And the short distance's average error is smaller than 1%,the open distance's average error is smaller than 15%.


Background: Mood disorders are present in up to 30% of patients with arthroplasty procedures, but information is lacking about their impact on shoulder arthroplasty. As risk stratification models for bundled payment programs develop, this information becomes increasingly relevant because these plans typically are tied to 90-day episode of care. We studied the effect of mood disorders on pain, narcotic use, length of hospital stay, and complications following primary anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) in this period. Methods: Patients with mood disorders were identified by notation of depression and/or anxiety on intake forms or use of prescription mood stabilizers. Visual analog pain scores (VAS) were recorded at the preoperative visit and at 2-, 6-, and 12-weeks after surgery. Oral morphine equivalents (OME) were recorded for in-hospital use, discharge medications, and prescriptions given at 2-, 6-, and 12-weeks. Length-of-stay and complication data also were recorded. Results: Of 133 primary anatomic TSAs, 29 patients (32 shoulders) had mood disorders, 101 did not. There were no significant differences between groups regarding age, operative indication, body mass index (BMI), or comorbidities; no significant differences in VAS scores or OME narcotic use at any of the recorded time points and no statistically significant differences in length of hospital stay or postoperative complications. Conclusions: Patients with a mood disorder can expect a postoperative course similar to patients without depression or anxiety. A mood disorder does not appear to be a significant risk factor for bundled payment plans to consider when developing predictive modeling for primary anatomic TSA. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective case-control prognostic study


The Danish HNPCC register is a publically financed national database. The register gathers epidemiological and genomic data in HNPCC families to improve prognosis by screening and identifying family members at risk. Diagnostic data are generated throughout the country and collected over several decades. Until recently, paper‐based reports were sent to the register and typed into the database. In the EC cofunded‐INFOBIOMED network of excellence, the register was a model for electronic exchange of epidemiological and genomic data between diagnosing/treating departments and the central database. The aim of digitization was to optimize the organization of screening by facilitating combination of genotype–phenotype information, and to generate IT‐tools sufficiently usable and generic to be implemented in other countries and for other oncogenetic diseases. The focus was on integration of heterogeneous data, elaboration, and dissemination of classification systems and development of communication standards. At the conclusion of the EU project in 2007 the system was implemented in 12 pilot departments. In the surgical departments this resulted in a 192% increase of reports to the database. Several gaps were identified: lack of standards for data to be exchanged, lack of local databases suitable for direct communication, reporting being time‐consuming and dependent on interest and feedback. Hum Mutat 32:1–6, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The hot-firing tests of a subscale gas generator were successfully performed to investigate the effect of injector shape variation on its discharge coefficient. The test results showed that discharge coefficients of fuel and liquid oxygen injectors remained nearly constant irrespective of the mixture ratio or the chamber pressure. In all experimental conditions, the combustion instability was not observed.


lighting technologies on perceptions and evaluations of differing nightscapes. For this, insights are drawn from both philosophy of technology and environmental philosophy to explore the experiences and judgements of urban versus natural nights. It is argued that contrasting notions of the sublime shape our experiences – and resultant moral and aesthetic responses – to differing nightscapes. In cities, the technological sublime is manifested through artificial illumination, whereas in wild or rural areas dark skies embody the astronomical sublime . It is further argued that these competing experiences reinforce a geographical dualism between cities (as sites of illumination, and light pollution) and wilderness (where dark skies are desired and increasingly protected). This dualism creates conceptual and practical barriers to addressing light pollution, especially in urban centres, and further reinforces a dichotomy of central concern to environmental ethics. To challenge this spatial differentiation, recent work in environmental aesthetics, as well as urban-focused environmental ethics, is utilized to propose a re-envisioned (and morally engaged) urban nocturnal sublime. First steps are taken in articulating the aspirations and constraints of this re-imagined urban nocturnal experience, specifically what this means for the design of nighttime lighting. In doing so, this paper explores human- environment -technology relations at the scale of urban infrastructure, as well as the profound moralizing effects of lighting technologies. Abstract: Membranic Disjunction: Beyond Digital Parts and Analog Wholes a between separate are forever split, split. to digitality is ontological, digitality is epistemology at its best most mundane. If one to beyond the one analog Abstract: Involution: A Mereotopological Perspective The paper will argue that it is time for the discipline of architecture to awaken from the slumber of anthropo-centrism and shake off the baggage of nature/nurture dichotomies. It will propose that we drop anthro pomorphism for geo morphism and reconfigure ethology so as to become a theory of capacity. Rather than localising it in individuals, behaviour is to be treated epigenetically as a function of con dividuation by way of traversing phyletic lineages and organismic boundaries. Against a Darwinian nucleocentric view of evolution as a 'struggle for survival', the paper will build on the (still controversial) theories arguing that in most cases an evolutionary novelty arises as a consequence of 'creative' symbiogenesis. The virtually limitless connectivity between heterogeneous beings puts alliances before filiations , contingency before necessity , and contagion before heredity . The brain as locus most the same footing. After humans modify redesign environment historical The other the of exclusively Darwinian Passive adaptation passed


The goal of this project is to introduce Wi-Fi technology implementation - the basic principles and the implementation itself. There is also another part of this project which is describing Wi-Fi technology related problems and their prevention. The project also introduces a few products which are accesible in comon use and have long- term experience within Wi-Fi area. The theoretical part of this project introduces standards and rules related to wireless networks that are neccesary to follow in order not to break the rules specified by CTO (Czech Telecommunication Office). The practical part describes specific solutions for wireless connection implementation designed for high- speed Internet public broadcasting . There is also description of wireless network protection for permanent operation. This project could be also used as foundation or instructions for Wi-Fi base wireless networks building


The character of water screen system plays an important part in supercritical once-through boiler's safe and effective running.To study the character,a lumped parameter moving boundary model was established based on mass conservation,energy conservation and momentum conservation,and the dynamic response of model was learned when the inputs are changed under subcritical and supercritical conditions.The simulation result can be exactly explained by mechanism analysis and the result lays a theoretical foundation for the study and design of supercritical once-through boilers.


Biological assessment is a useful alternative for assessing the ecological quality of aquatic ecosystems since the biological communities integrate the environmental effects of water chemistry. Algal and water samples were collected from three sites of River Dham (Pavnar, M.S.). viz., Pavnar Ashram (S1), Ghorad (S2) and Morchapur (S3) and analyzed for Water quality variables (physicochemical) parameters. The data was analysed with reference to ISI & WHO standards. It was found that the water is safe for domestic purposes and aquatic life as far as levels of pH, density, surface tension, viscosity, conductance, TDS, alkalinity, DO and chloride concentration. However, the water quality parameters such as total hardness and Ca++ hardness at some stations were beyond the permissible limit. Therefore, it was suggested to remove total hardness and Ca++ hardness to make it fit for consumption. Phytoplanktons encountered in the water body reflect the average ecological conditions and they may be used as indicators of water quality. During the investigation total 53 algal species were encountered and identified.


In this paper we describe the results of a controlled study of a social game, Magpies, which was built on the Facebook Online Social Network (OSN) and enhanced with contextual social information in the form of a variety of social network indices. Through comparison with a concurrent control trial using an identical game without the enhanced social information, it was shown that the additional contextual data increased the frequency of social activity between players engaged in the game. Despite this increase in activity, there was little increase in growth of the player-base when compared to the control condition. These findings corroborate previous work that showed how socio-contextual enhancement can increase performance on task-driven games, whilst also suggesting that it can increase activity and engagement when provided as context for non task-driven game environments.


65th Annual Convention Philippine Association for the Advancement of Science and Technology, Alabang Muntinlupa City, Acacia Hotel Manila (2016, September 22-23).


We consider the setup employed in a recent experiment (Ramanathan et al 2011 Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 130401) devoted to the study of the instability of the superfluid flow of a toroidal Bose–Einstein condensate in the presence of a repulsive optical barrier. Using the Gross–Pitaevskii mean-field equation, we observe, consistently with what we found in Piazza et al (2009 Phys. Rev. A 80 021601), that the superflow with one unit of angular momentum becomes unstable at a critical strength of the barrier and decays through the mechanism of phase slippage performed by pairs of vortex–antivortex lines annihilating. While this picture qualitatively agrees with the experimental findings, the measured critical barrier height is not very well reproduced by the Gross–Pitaevskii equation, indicating that thermal fluctuations can play an important role (Mathey et al 2012 arXiv:1207.0501). As an alternative explanation of the discrepancy, we consider the effect of the finite resolution of the imaging system. At the critical point, the superfluid velocity in the vicinity of the obstacle is always of the order of the sound speed in that region, vbarr = cl. In particular, in the hydrodynamic regime (not reached in the above experiment), the critical point is determined by applying the Landau criterion inside the barrier region. On the other hand, the Feynman critical velocity vf is much lower than the observed critical velocity. We argue that this is a general feature of the Gross–Pitaevskii equation, where we have vf = ϵ cl with ϵ being a small parameter of the model. Given these observations, the question still remains open about the nature of the superfluid instability.


Microgrids have been emerging and playing valuable roles in several parts of society, from academia of scholars to the energy supply industry of professional practitioners. A microgrid policy appeared in the Thailand 2015 energy development plan. There are many microgrids in Thailand. The first smart microgrid in Thailand is in active operation. Some microgrids are no longer functioning. Other microgrids continue to serve their customers. The remaining microgrid projects are in the process of development. Most present microgrids in Thailand are driven by public policy and legal flexibility. The objective of this research is to investigate the compatible microgrid technology in Thailand and explore the key drivers of microgrid policies in Thailand. The research methodology applied in this research includes data collection (i.e., a document study, interview, group discussion, and microgrid project participation and observation), as well as data analysis and conclusion. The findings of the research show that: in Thailand, the desired microgrid technologies are compatible with 1) inputs of potential local renewable energy resources of solar, wind, biomass, and mini-hydro, and 2) small gaps of human resource capabilities to deal with the technology utilization. The key drivers of the Thailand microgrid policy are 1) electricity access, 2) wealth creation and distribution, 3) environmental protection, and 4) technology development.


The purpose of this study was to investigate causal relationship among burnout, moral disengagement and antisocial behavior of high-school Taekwondo athletes. For this purpose, a sample of 300 drawn out of the high-school Taekwondo athletes from NAVER platform. Data acquired from 7 high-school Taekwondo athletes were excluded due to inconsistency in their responses. Therefore, the data of 393 atheltes (male 203, female 90) was used for a final analysis. For the collected data, descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation analysis were performed using jamovi 1.1 and AMOS 23.0 programs. The following results. First, the burnout of high-school Taekwondo athletes has a positive(+) effect on moral disengagement. second, the burnout of high-school Taekwondo athletes has a positive(+) effect on antisocial behavior. Third, the moral disengagement of high-school Taekwondo athletes has a positive(+) effect on antisocial behavior.


Image fusion can enhance remote sensing image data information so that the fused image is more in line with the vision of the human and better to analysis and processing of the image. How to fuse the multispectral images with a high spectral and the panchromatic image with a high spatial making the fused images with a high spectral as well as a high spatial resolution is recently thought to be especially important in remote sensing image study. Image fusion based on the traditional methods are not ideal for describing the images with high dimensional singularities. In this paper, we proposed a remote sensing image fusion algorithm based on the Curvelet transform, which represents the image edges better and is anisotropy. We have experimented with both IKONOS images of Wenchuan in Sichuan province after the 5.12 earthquake and a group of resource satellite images to testify the performance of the method.


Continuing the paper [Le], we give criteria for the incidence algebra of an arbitrary finite partially ordered set to be of tame representation type. This completes our result in [Le], concerning completely separating incidence algebras of posets.


We propose a new weighted-coupling scheme using tapered-gap surface acoustic wave directional couplers for the realization of ultralow sidelobe-level integrated acousto-optic tunable filters (IAOTF). Appropriate design analysis has been carried our for 30 mm long filters operating at the optical wavelength of 1.55 mm in a X-cut Y-propagating LiNbO3 substrate. New synthesized weighting functions have been used for the improvement of sidelobe level suppression over existing low-sidelobe single-stage filters by as much as 27 dB. The -20 dB mainlobe width of the resulting IAOTFs vary from 2.6 to 3.8 nm only for worst sidelobe levels ranging from -30.6 dB to -44.7 dB, respectively


Objective To determine the relationship between comorbidity and outcome after radical cystectomy. Methods 246 patients received radical cystectomy at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between 2000 and 2010,and the date were retrospectively analyzed.Medical records were reviewed for age,gender,delayed time of radical cystectomy,urinary diversion type,pelvic lymphadenectomy status,TNM stage,and pathological grade.Comorbidity information was assessed by the ACE-27 index.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to determine the association between comorbidity and outcome. Results The study population consist of 215 (87.40%) males and 31 (12.60%) females with a mean age of 62±11years.Median duration of follow-up was 47±31 months.A total of 151 (61.38%) patents died during follow-up.Of those,118 (47.97%) had at least one comorbidity.According to the ACE-27scores,128 (52.03%) patients had no comorbidity,79 (32.11%) had mild,33 (13.41%) had moderate,and 6 (2.45%) had severe comorbidities.Multivariate analysis indicated that moderate (P=0.002) and severe (P0.001) comorbidity was significantly associated with decreased overall survival.In addition,age≥70years (P=0.002) ,delayed time of radical cystectomy≥12 weeks (P=0.044) ,pelvic lymphadenectomy status (P=0.014) ,and TNM stageT3 (P0.001) were determined to be independent risk factors of overall survival. Conclusions Increasing severity of comorbidity statistically correlated with decreased overall survival after radical cystectomy.


Laboratory Service and Blood Transfusion laboratories in England and Wales enquiring about health and safety in laboratories in general and 4 diseases in particular: tuberculosis, hepatitis, shigellosis and brucellosis. Phase 2: A mortality study of pathologists and technicians. Phase 3: A prospective enquiry over a twelvemonth period in 10% of the Phase 1 laboratories to determine the sickness absence and accident record in these laboratories. The data presented here represent the preliminary results from the accident returns of 36 of the laboratories (90 %) included in Phase 3 and from visits to all 40 pathology departments.


The data structure of Octree is used widely in surface reconstruction.In this paper,The cell of Triangular Meshes,for example vertex,line,face,is stored using Octree.Computer simulation results show that the speed of visiting cell is increased using this data structure.


Along with the development of biotechnology, the genetic resources and traditional knowledge in economic development is of great significance now. To stop the creature piracy of multinational company and the research organizations of the developed countries, the developing countries and traditional peoples also pursue the protection of the genetic resources and traditional knowledge. This article examines justifications for law protection for genetic resources and the traditional knowledge from such economic rationales as property right theory, the reward theory and the benefits equilibrium theory.


We describe an improved enzymatic method for assaying magnesium in serum, plasma, or urine. Magnesium participates as an Mg ATP complex in a reaction catalyzed by giucokinase (EC 188.8.131.52) coupled to an NADP -dependent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (EC 22.214.171.124) reaction. The increase of absorbance at 340 nm, due to the NADPH produced, is proportional to the amount of the activated glucokinase, which in turn is related to the concentration of magnesium in the sample. The method is characterized by a zero-order reaction kinetics, affording a simple and rapid assay with good sensitivity and linearity (up to 2.06 mmol/L) and by working solutions that are stable (refrigerated) for one month. The method is reliable, produces test results that compare closely with those of the atomic absorption spectrophotometry (r O.99), is suitable for routine work, and lends itself to automation.


In scientific research, it is normal practice to arrive at a description of the analyzed process with the function of one independent variable and the participation of several parameters, which are also assumed to be independent quantities, but in the study they have relatively constant values. These parameters are usually used to adjust the process, ie when choosing their specific values, the process meets the requirements of the researcher for optimality according to pre-selected criteria. The present work aims to develop a graphical user interface for managing parameters involved in an analytically presented function. The possibilities of the Korelia program for function research are considered. The function is entered as a string. After the lexical and syntactic analysis, a table of identifiers and an reverse polish notation of the function are formed. By modifying the values of the parameters of the function, the user tracks the changes in its graph. In this way, the role of each of them can be assessed.


The most expensive area of interlibrary loan is labor costs. One of the main reasons librarians invest in computers and software is to reduce labor costs. In an ideal interlibrary loan system, requests would arrive electronically, get matched electronically against holdings, the location would be targeted by its RFID (radio frequency identification) tag, picked up by a robot, and then be robotically packaged and mailed. No human intervention. However, we are not there yet. Libraries must reduce the number of human interactions in interlibrary loan to reduce costs. Some interlibrary loan staff members intervene at many points in the interlibrary loan process. Why?


The complete set of Navier-Stokes equations has been numerically solved for two-dimensional random pore networks subjected to site percolation disorder. Both viscous and nonviscous flow regimes have been investigated to emphasize the effect of structure and phenomenology on deviation from the classical Darcy law of permeability. It is shown that near the percolation threshold, different scaling laws apply for distinct flow conditions. At this transition region, discrepancies in the critical exponents reflect the influence of the convective momentum transfer mechanism on the overall behavior of the disordered physical system.


OBJECTIVE
To explore synergic effect of Alprostadil injection and ginaton in treating sudden deafness.

METHOD
ninety one patients with sudden deafness were divided into group A, group B and group C at random; 33 ears of group A were treated with 70 mg ginaton by vein, 30 ears of group B were treated with 10 microg Alprostadil injection by vein, 31 ears of group C were treated with 10 microg Alprostadil injection and ginaton by vein,once a day, the time of treatment is 14 days.

RESULT
the effective rate of group A is 60.61%, the effective rate of group B is 60.00%, the effective rate of group C is 87.09% the treating effect was significantly different in the group A and C (P < 0.05), it was significantly different in the group B and C (P < 0.05)).

CONCLUSION
It is effective for Alprostadil injection and ginaton to treat sudden deafness, and it has significantly Synergic effect in treating sudden deafness with Alprostadil injection and ginaton.


A guide to the literary heritage of the Lake District, from the Wordsworths's Dove Cottage to Blea Tarn, subject of Auden's first poem, from Beatrix Potter's Sawrey to the site of Melvyn Bragg's "Maid of Buttermere".


Concern about water quality often leads consumers to ask questions such as "What is in my water?" or "Is my drinking water safe?" All water from natural sources contains dissolved substances. These substances are often called contaminants, especially when the amounts present are at possibly harmful or problematic levels. The substances in water can result from either natural processes or human activities. At low concentrations, many do not cause known harmful effects and may be beneficial. Research shows some substances may be harmful only when present at high enough concentrations. The only way to know if the water you use for drinking and cooking contains potentially harmful substances at levels high enough to be of concern is to have the water tested. Analytical testing can determine what substances are present and their concentration levels.