Mission Research Corporation (MRC) has developed an automated data quality enhancement and outlier detection program as part of the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program's ongoing efforts to monitor total broadband solar radiometers. The program, called Data Quality – GRAMS Automated Procedure, or DQGAP, is designed to analyze the Ground Radiation Measurement System (GRAMS) (Valero et al. 1997) a0 data stream in a totally automated fashion. The DQGAP analysis suite retrieves GRAMS data, performs a preliminary calibration based upon Broadband Outdoor Radiometer CALibration (BORCAL) (Nelson et al. 1998) data, processes approximately 40,000 data points collected daily, and produces an output netcdf file with calibrated data having outliers flagged. It also produces 60-second and 10-minute averages of non-flagged data.


The methylating agents methyl methanesulphonate (MMS) and N-methyl N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), administered by single i.p. injection in mice failed to yield thymic lymphoma at doses around 60% of the LD50 values, in contrast to MNUA which gives a high yield of tumours by this route. Comparison of the tissue distribution and mode of DNA methylation by these agents showed a positive correlation with ability to methylate the 0-6 atom of guanine in DNA of the target tissues thymus and bone marrow and tumorigeneis. MMS gave a low yield of this product due to its relatively low Sn1 reactivity but was able to methylate DNA extensively at other sites in the target tissues and other organs examined. MNNG despite its ability to methylate 0-6 of guanine in DNA in vitro to the same relative extent as the potent carcinogen MNUA, methylated DNA of thymus and bone marrow to a very small extent in vivo but was able to methylate DNA in certain other tissues nearer the site of i.p. injection. These findings contrast with the general relatively extensive methylation of 0-6 of guanine in DNA of the target tissues and other organs by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNUA).


It has been expected that PICTA will increase the effective market size for all PIC producers so that companies can experience greater competition, with the most efficient being able to expand production and achieve economies of scale, thereby benefiting all consumers. Such regional integration is also supposed to be a "learning ground" or "stepping stone" for PIC producers, governments and trade officials, who are all expected to thereby become better prepared for integration with the wider world through broader agreements such as PACER (with Australia and NZ), and the World Trade Organisation rules.


Communication involves social interaction in educational management, through modes of behavior innate or acquired. Effective communication relational dimension determines a relationship deeply serious between the school manager and the people they lead. A low level of communication instead determines a superficial relationship, formal affect the smooth running of the whole teaching process. Community dimension of communication in educational management requires a coherent relationship, sincere manager institutions and local communities, with social groups. Option size of a modern educational management is a purposeful policy of the school, without which the development of education can not be conceived in the decisions of institutional identity and school practice. An important role in creating a climate conducive to stimulate and develop an educational process in addition to good communication is the manager's attitude towards creativity and spontaneity of the people they lead, playing an active and balanced approach any of these.


A metallization technique has been developed for obtaining low resistance Ohmic contact to n-GaN. The metallization technique involves the deposition of a metal layer combination Ta/Ti/ Ni/Au on ann-GaN epilayer. It is observed that annealing at 750 °C for 45 s leads to low contact resistivity. Corresponding to a doping level of 5 310cm, the contact resistivity of the contact rS55.0310 26 V cm. The physical mechanisms underlying the realization of low contact resistivity is investigated using current–voltage characteristics, x-ray diffraction, Auger electron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry. © 2004 American Institute of Physics. @DOI: 10.1063/1.1633660 #


The paper puts forward measures including changing our concept,strengthening the governmental leading role,giving priority to the development of education,improving the vocational education system and bringing social organizations into play to develop rural human resources in Chongqing based on analyzing the experience and measures of the new rural movement in Korean.


Does taxation for public goods generally involve a distortionary cost? Are Pigouvian taxes desirable because they raise revenue without having to resort to distortionary taxes? Should decisions concerning public goods or Pigouvian taxes depend on whether their incidence is regressive? The answer to these questions may be negative, contrary to conventional wisdom, if one considers a different and arguably more natural method of achieving budget balance than is typically assumed.


Radio resource allocation techniques play a key role in enhancing the quality-of-service (QoS) performance of cognitive radio networks (CRN). An important figure-of-merit for system performance, statistical delay-QoS can be expressed in terms of the effective capacity (EC). This paper investigates the problem of optimal power allocation to maximize the EC of a CRN consisting of multiple secondary user (SU)'s transmitters. It is subjected to the maximum transmit power constraints and the primary user (PU)'s protection policies. Current work on optimal power allocation for EC maximization in a CRN is limited to the case of a pair of SU's transmitter and receiver coexisting with a pair of PU's transmitter and receiver. The resulting problem is typically of a simple structure, for which traditional convex optimization techniques can be straightforwardly applied. In contrast, by having multiple SU transmitters, this paper deals with a much more difficult nonconvex problem structure. Two successive convex approximation-based algorithms are proposed to solve the formulated nonconvex problem in an iterative manner, where each iteration corresponds to solving a simple convex problem only. Simulation results show that both proposed techniques quickly converge to the same locally optimal value. Numerical examples are also used to discuss the effects of key network parameters on the EC of the considered CRN.


ASSING the tests of New and then Myth Criticism, with their bias respectively toward close and deep reading, Shakespeare's Pplays have come of late into an epoch of supra-reading, which boasts its own exhilaration as well as its own excess.' With the texts open before us, we are no longer asked to imagine the plays on the boards at the Globe, but rather staged in some obliquely lit metatheater, attended by its audience not just as a chosen drama but as the Idea of Drama. By treating their own formal properties as part of their business as dramatic action, however, Shakespeare's metaplays need not detour from human pertinence into ingrown wit. Art, raised to self-consciousness, can reroute its themes into life at an even deeper level, and our best access to this underlying psychological stratum is to recover close reading for the service of the supratextual, to see how language styles the action of the metadrama. The focus of this essay is on the kind of language that tends to be spoken by Shakespearean characters when that language is obviously most cognizant of itself as aesthetic discourse, whether couched in the pregnant gropings of a muddled mind like Bottom's or the masterful figures of a keen intelligence like Leontes'. The hypothesis I wish to test, first with A Midsummer Night's Dream and then with The Winter's Tale, is that certain characters gravitate at moments of greatest intensity,


Black holes cannot be seen directly since they absorb light and emit none, the very quality which earned them their name. We suggest that black holes may be seen indirectly through a chaotic defocusing of light. A black hole can capture light from a luminous companion in chaotic orbits before scattering the light in random directions. To a distant observer, the black hole would appear to light up. If the companion were a bright radio pulsar, this estimate suggests the black hole echo could be detectable.


Software modularity architecture facilitates software development and software reusability. Software reusability enhances the maintenance of software, facilitates building larger component out of subcomponents. Numerical weather prediction uses complex mathematical models and run them on powerful computers to forecast weather conditions. Numerical weather prediction models have proliferated and can be classified into regional and global models. The Weather Research Forecast model is considered the nextgeneration mesoscale regional model and widely used. The Weather Research Forecasting model consists of several modules interacting with each other. This research aims to study the WRF's software architecture, software modules, and the forecasting accuracy of WRF in respect to other well-known Numerical Prediction Models. The study outcomes show that WRF's software architecture characterized with high degree of flexibility, loosely coupled modules which plays a very important role to obtain accurate forecasting results through the application of independent modules, and consequently it provides a high reliable and accurate forecasting results.


Management of infected nonunion of fractures is a difficult task for orthopedic surgeons in a manner to create bony stability, in recovery of soft tissue and fracture union. Several surgical treatment modalities have been available like bone grafting, antibiotic treatment, ilizarov methods and free soft tissue transfer. This study was conducted to assess the role of monolateral external fixators in infected nonunion of fractures. A total 40 infected nonunion cases were recruited based on AO classification. Patients with wounds of minimum 3 months were considered as nondraining cases. Blood investigations, microbiological investigation and radiological investigation were done. Special attention was focused on limb length measurements, range of motion of the joints, neuromuscular status and distal vascularity. The final surgical outcome was assessed asper ASAMI'S criteria with grade system. Among the cases, 65% nonunion fractures were observed in femur, 22.5% in tibia and 12.5% in humerus. Superficial pin tract infections was noticed in 48% cases and are responded to oral antibiotics. The final surgical outcome indicates that 90% cases had grade-I & II (excellent and good) recovery from infected nonunion fractures in bony and functional recovery. The monolateral external fixation system is effective and convenient method for the treatment of infected nonunion of long bones and is most reliable to rectify the limb length discrepancies.


Objective To analyze the application of color doppler ultrasound in the screening of fetal cardiac malformation severity. Methods The clinical data of the 100 cases of pregnant women (105 cases of fetus) were retrospectively reviewed who were given prenatal routine ultrasonography from February 2012 to February 2013 in our hospital. Results Among the 105 cases of fetus, 96 cases of fetus' cardiac morphology and blood flow were normal, and that of 9 cases were unormal, the precision rate achieved 91.4% and the positive rate was 6.7% ; 100.0% accuracy rate were achieved in the diagnosis of severe heart malformation in the study. Conclusion Color doppler ultrasound has very important applications in the diagnosis of severe fetal heart malformation, it can diagnose out the most serious cardiac malformation, and it is safe, noninvasive, accurate, so deserves to be widely promoted in the clinical.


Optical coherence tomography (OCT) hasmoved over the past decade from research laboratories into the clinical practice as a useful tool for assessing ocular pathology. This book goes beyond OCT use in ophthalmology and evaluates its possible applications in neurological conditions. It also addresses other testing methods that can be used together in conjunction with OCT. The hardcover book is divided in 19 chapters, with a total of 232 pages. It contains more than 120 high-quality illustrations, mostly in colour, and 15 tables. Each chapter is written by a different author or authors. These contributing authors are from various institutions and of diverse specialties, including ophthalmologists, neurologists, neuro-ophthalmologists, immunologists, and researchers, which brings a breadth of expertise to the volume. A list of references is at the end of each chapter, which facilitates access to original data sources. References are contemporary. Initial chapters focus on mechanics and basic physics underlying OCT and give an overview of optic pathways' anatomy. Three chapters are dedicated to tests that are complementary to OCT by measuring function of the visual pathways. These include low-contrast acuity, full-field electroretinogram (ERG), pattern ERG, multifocal ERG, visual evoked potential (VEP), and multifocal VEP. The authors stress that combining functional information from these tests with structural information from OCT is important to achieve robust clinical outcome measures initially in clinical trials and later in practice. Five chapters are dedicated to multiple sclerosis (MS)related changes on OCT, likely due to the fact that OCT has been widely used in this area, including in numerous MSrelated clinical trials. An additional three chapters contain substantial sections on demyelinating disease. An excellent summary of OCT results reported by different studies of acute, chronic, or recurrent optic neuritis is included. The application of ophthalmic OCT in other neurological disorders such as idiopathic intracranial hypertension, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease is discussed in three chapters, with some diseases discussed in more than one chapter. These chapters are an overview of research results given that retinal involvement and pathological mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases are largely uncharacterised at this time. For the practicing neurologist, Chapter 12 will be especially useful because it reviews ocular diseases and their associated OCT abnormalities that clinicians should be aware of when evaluating patients by this test (e.g., drusen, abnormalities of retina and macula). The introductory chapters covering relationships between structural and functional measures will also be informative. The chapters remain useful when read individually, so the audience may choose to spend less time on the research chapters. For those involved in or interested in using OCT as a research tool, the three final chapters provide an excellent overview. They cover a comprehensive description of OCT use in clinical trials, quality control issues in multi-centre settings, and future advances in OCT. The strength of this volume is the diversity of topics addressed by stand-alone chapters. This lends itself to selective reading depending on the interest of the reader without committing to a large reference text. The presentation style and chapter organization make it less suited to use as a reference volume of the kind one might keep in a white coat pocket.


2014 2 " We are, by nature, a highly affiliative species craving social contact. When social experience becomes a source of anxiety rather than a source of comfort, we have lost something fundamental — whatever we call it "


Multivariate analysis was performed on 120-lead electrocardiographic (ECG) data in order to derive diagnostic criteria for correct classification of 159 normal subjects (N), 103 patients with anterior myocardial infarction (AMI), 130 patients with inferior myocardial infarction (IMI), and 116 patients with pure left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). The analysis used instantaneous voltage measurements obtained by sampling the time-normalized P, PR, QRS, and STT waveforms at equal intervals. The durations of these waveforms were measured prior to time normalization. Linear discriminant functions were computed for each possible bigroup comparison, and the six best discriminators of each pairwise comparison were selected for the final multigroup classification model. A total of eight features from five torso sites accounted for the correct assignment of 93% of N, 92% of AMI, 94% of IMI, and 82% of LVH. The misclassification matrix illustrated the relatively high rate of false negatives in LVH (11%). The improvement in classification over the standard 12 lead ECG was highest for LVH (11%) and lowest for N (4%); AMI and IMI rates were improved by 7% and 6%, respectively.<<ETX>>


When a famed US manufacturer of recreational vehicles delayed taking action against a smaller company in Australia for using its name and logo it effectively stymied its ability to obtain complete relief.


The article is devoted to the study of the features of strategic positioning of air transport enterprises, which are due to the specifics of air transport services themselves, as well as the peculiarities of their organizational, legal and economic support. The competition of airlines in the provision of international flights is due to the concluded interstate agreements on air communication, as well as the processes of liberalization of the airspace. The strategic position of the air transport company is synthesizing by its nature, it combines the positions of its product, brand and aviation business. The methodical toolkit of definition of a strategic position of the air enterprise on the basis of calculation of indices of its competitive advantages on the list of the defined competences based on branch and functional features of activity of air transport enterprises is offered. The tools of state support of airlines and air transport infrastructure enterprises of Ukraine to ensure their acquisition of competitive advantages for the maintenance and increase of passenger traffic are substantiated.


Medical and veterinary entomology encompasses the study of the insects which are vectors, transmit disease, cause wounds, inject venom and create nuisances together with their application as useful providers of drugs, and model systems for genetic studies. Thus the study on insects and how they affect the human and animal lives have gained importance in recent times. Insect Genomics involving the studies of the whole genome sequences are being developed and gene expression and regulation studies are elucidating their roles in regulating the vector competence. This finds importance in deducing strategies for vector control thereby preventing disease spread that is fatal to man and animal life. In this review we have studied the medical entomology (i) from historical perspective (ii) diverse role of arthropods in causing diseases (iii) common pathogens transmitted by arthropod vectors (iv) major arthropod borne diseases (v) pharmaceutically important insects. The future scope of this review remains to study in depth insects under Diptera that are causative agents of diseases.


The main contributor to the decline in life expectancy in low-income countries is acute respiratory tract infections (ARIs/ISPA). Risk factors of ISPA events consist of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. This research purposed to analyze the risk factors of ISPA incidence in the working area of Puskesmas Inerie. This research was descriptive-analytical research with a cross-sectional design. Data collection employed interviews with 88 mothers who have toddlers, obtained by simple random sampling technique. Data analysis used a chi-square test. The data analysis results showed that the four research variables, namely nutritional status, occupancy, ventilation, and smoking behavior, related to ISPA incidence with p-value=0.000, 0.000, 0.001, and 0.01 consecutively. Poor home conditions lead to an increased risk of ISPA disease in toddlers. Therefore, the local community should improve the physical condition of the house and the nutritional status of toddlers in the working area of Puskesmas Inerie.


T prediction of turbulent boundary-layer separation has remained an order of magnitude less accurate than that of laminar boundary-layer separation, and the accuracy attained in the prediction of the separation of turbulent flow in diverging channels has been so poor as to give the impression that a fundamental difference might exist between this and other forms of separation. A possible distinction between the separation of turbulent flow in a two-dimensional diffuser and laminar boundary-layer separation will be described which, if significant, could explain some of the inaccuracies that have occurred.


Abstract : This research effort investigated the Allegheny, Carteret, Eichleay, Allied Materials and Equipment Company, A.C.E.S. and Simulation formulas that were used or recommended to determine quantum on unabsorbed overhead claims. These claims arise from contracts that have been delayed by the government. When the government contracting officer and the contractor cannot come to an agreement, there is a claim filed by the contractor to the appropriate board of contract Appeals. These formulas investigated were the product of different claims heard before the appropriate Board of Contract Appeals, with the exception of one, the Simulation formula. The analysis was accomplished by developing very basic examples which portray different aspects of the real world. Three examples were created, each one more extensive than the preceding. Then the true unabsorbed for each example was calculated. By using algebraic equatios, each formula in this form was equated to the true unabsorbed. From this it was shown that the Allegheny and Allied Materials and Equipment Company formulas generally underestimate the true unabsorbed overhead. It also showed that the Eichleay, A.C.E.S. and Simulation formulas generally overestimate true unabsorbed overhead. The Carteret formula did equate to the true unabsorbed overhead in each example, but not all real world situations were covered within this research. At least one more complexity needs to be examined.


The erosion wear behavior of dust on the surface of PV modules in desert aeolian gas-solid two-phase flow was analyzed by discrete phase model.This paper investigated the effect of the tilt angle the wind speed the particle size the mass flow to erosion on PV modules surface.The conclution showed that the tilt angle and the wind speed are the major factors to effect the maximum and average erosion rate on PV modules surface. In especially,the effect of wind speed on the surface erosion rate of PV modules varies exponentially.


This paper deals with various approaches to the selection of weighting factor for of a cumulative weighted root-mean-square minimum error criterion of linear ACSs. Such criterion allows to determine optimal values of small parameters of the system, thus minimizing the system error caused by input replication error of a determined (or random) signal, as well as by variance caused by disturbance of the measurement.


A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1940 – 1941. Appended are details of Society meetings held in 1941.


This article applies newly developed asymmetric impulse response functions and asymmetric variance decompositions to investigate the dynamic relationship between government spending and the GDP at constant prices in Sweden. The estimated results show that an innovation in the government spending does not lead to a significant response in the GDP regardless of whether or not the asymmetric property is taken into account in the estimation of the impulses. The asymmetric variance decompositions also provide support for this conclusion. This might support the view that the Ricardo equivalence theorem is valid in the case of Sweden.


teaching parents. General questions were asked about preconceptional clinics. When to start them? The inverse care law applied in any case many of those who stood most to gain from such clinics would not attend. Professor Smithells suggested that we should start preconceptional clinics in hospitals, but encourage GPs to take them on, and possibly use mobile clinics. However, this needed monitoring, and it was not possible in this way to catch the unplanned pregnancy, many of which needed it most. Returning to the preventive roles in the community, the Chairman, a general practitioner, cynically commented that family doctors would do preventive work only if paid to do so. Education was important: general health education and facts about nutrition, smoking and alcohol. Professor Smithells suggested that preconceptional clinics did not need new premises or staff, because the family planning clinics could be used. The problem of non-attenders, who represented a significant at-risk group, could be tackled by using health visitors. Considerable discussion arose on the important role of health visitors. They had a clear role in prevention, but concern was expressed over how much time was now devoted to illness care in the aged. There was a plea for an increase in the number of health visitors to play a preventive role in localities, as distinct from working only from general practice. Professor Hull was not to be drawn on the question of who should take responsibility for directing preventive paediatrics. From the papers presented and the ensuing discussion it appears that the priority areas now becoming manifest are: (1) In the obstetric field, that of antepartum haemorrhage and premature birth. (2) In the postperinatal field, that of unexpected child death. (3) In the slightly older child, the need for the development of health education leading to the prevention of violence, drug addiction, smoking, delinquency and accidents. (4) In the role of diet and way-of-life, in relation to general diseases of later life, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes and congenital deformity. The roles of different health workers and methods of carrying out these investigations need a new energy and, in many ways, the development of new research skills. However, members were left in a frustrated state: whilst the needs for new work are obvious, clarification of these needs is occurring at a time when for economic reasons the necessary facilities are being restricted. N D NOAH and J L EMERY Editorial RepresentativesSections of Epidemiology & Community Medicine and Paediatrics State of the Art Seminar: Barium examination of the small bowel'


Chiral recognition plays an important role in the self-assembly of soft materials, in particular supramolecular organogels formed by low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs). Out of 14 pairs of the studied racemic and enantiopure samples of alkyl-substituted phenyl ethers of glycerol, only eight enantiopure diols form the stable gels in nonane. The formation of gels from solutions was studied by polarimetry, and their degradation with the formation of xerogels was studied by the PXRD method. The revealed crystalline characteristics of all studied xerogels corresponded to those for crystalline samples of the parent gelators. In addition to those previously investigated, crystalline samples of enantiopure para-n-alkylphenyl glycerol ethers [alkyl = pentyl (5), hexyl (6), heptyl (7), octyl (8), nonyl (9)] and racemic 3-(3,5-dimethylphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol (rac-14) have been examined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Among 22 samples of compounds 1–14 studied by SC-XRD, seven different types of supramolecular motifs are identified, of which only two are realized in crystals of supramolecular gelators. An attempt was made to relate the ability to gel formation with the characteristics of the supramolecular motif of a potential gelling agent, and the frequency of formation of the motif, required for gelation, with the chiral characteristics of the sample.


Recently, Samra (2000) published the paper entitled as above. In the section on kinetic measurements, Samra mentioned that "Coleman et al. (1956) assumed that the adsorption of a divalent metal ion on carbon proceeds via a pseudo-second order mechanism in which adsorption is the rate-limiting step". In fact, Coleman et al. (1956) reported the formation constants for CuII–peat complexes. The peat–CuII reaction may be written in two ways, in which P refers to the concentration of peat functional groups:


The utility model provides a band saw blade device for a sawing machine, which comprises a driving belt pulley, a driven belt pulley and a band saw blade. One end of a connector of the band saw blade rotates by 180 degrees and then is in reverse lap joint with the other end of the connector of the band saw blade. After the scheme is adopted, the band saw blade device has the largest advantage that by the aid of reverse lap joint of the connector of the band saw blade, continuous edges of the band saw blade can be ground completely by the aid of a group of knife grinder only, production cost is reduced, the purpose that edges of two sides of the band saw blade are identical is also realized, and accordingly the quality of finished products is guaranteed.


Considerable research has examined how procedural injustice affects victims and witnesses of unfavorable outcomes, with little attention to the "performers" who deliver these outcomes. Drawing on dissonance theory, we hypothesized that performers' reactions to procedural injustice in delivering unfavorable outcomes are moderated by prosocial identity—a helping-focused self-concept. Across 2 experiments, individuals communicated unfavorable outcomes decided by a superior. Consistent with justice research, when prosocial identities were not primed, performers experienced greater negative affect and behaved more prosocially toward victims when a superior's decision-making procedures were unjust. Subtly activating performers' prosocial identities reversed these reactions. Results highlight how roles and identities shape the experience and delivery of unfavorable outcomes: When procedures are unjust, prosocial identity can reduce prosocial behavior.


Diamond's nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers show great promise in sensing applications and quantum computing due to their long electron spin coherence time and because they can be found, manipulated, and read out optically. An important step forward for diamond photonics would be connecting multiple diamond NVs together using optical waveguides. However, the inertness of diamond is a significant hurdle for the fabrication of integrated optics similar to those that revolutionized silicon photonics. In this work, we show the fabrication of optical waveguides in diamond, enabled by focused femtosecond high repetition rate laser pulses. By optimizing the geometry of the waveguide, we obtain single mode waveguides from the visible to the infrared. Additionally, we show the laser writing of individual NV centers within the bulk of diamond. We use µ-Raman spectroscopy to gain better insight on the stress and the refractive index profile of the optical waveguides. Using optically detected magnetic resonance and confocal photoluminescence characterization, high quality NV properties are observed in waveguides formed in various grades of diamond, making them promising for applications such as magnetometry, quantum information systems, and evanescent field sensors.


This essay reflects upon the notion of citizenship in the context of post-apartheid South Africa. Citizenship discourse in South Africa takes place in the context of the movement away from apartheid, and in the context of the processes of Africanisation and globalisation. An attempt is made to make a contribution to citizenship discourse in South Africa by drawing from theological insights, specifically from the classic formulation of the four marks of the church, namely catholicity, unity, holiness and apostolicity. Based on these ecclesiological marks the following four sets of features of citizenship are identified: apostolic and inclusive citizenship; united and justice-seeking citizenship; holy and virtuous citizenship, and apostolic and responsible citizenship.


Based on the statistical data from 1983 to 2010,this paper probes into the dynamic effects of external shocks,which include foreign trade and foreign capital shocks,to China's macroeconomic fluctuations,by using Granger causality test,generalized impulse response function and forecast variance decomposition on VAR model.The result shows that China's economy has the typical characteristics of the foreign trade-oriented and foreign investment-oriented.The foreign trade and capital shocks have made persistent influence on China's macroeconomic.Furthermore,the positive effect and relative contribution of FDI and import are the most,and the cumulative effect of foreign investment is higher than the foreign trade,whereas non-FDI capital has a significant negative effect.


This paper proposes closed-form expressions of parasitic parameters in a silicon substrate that consider substrate contacts. In general bulk CMOS technologies, the standard cells with bulk (substrate and well) contacts or tap cells for bulk contacts are used in physical layout designs. As tap cell placement methods, there are dense random placements and sparse regular placements in cell rows vertically. We call the former the fine-grained substrate contacts and the latter the coarse-grained ones. First, their structures are modeled for simplification, and then the equivalent circuit model is presented. Next, closed-form expressions of parasitic parameters for TSV-to-TSVs and TSV-to-contacts are proposed. Finally, validity of the proposed method is discussed. The proposed expressions agree with 3D electromagnetic field solvers with reasonable accuracy. When an enormous amount of TSVs are placed regularly, designers can extract parasitic parameters quickly.


This study aims to describe the factors causing the Javanese language use shift and the maintenance strategies and attempts. It employed the qualitative approach with a focus on the mapping of maintenance models in the Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory. The findings are as follows. First, the factors causing the shift include: (a) perceptions of the Javanese language, (b) complexity of societal life, (c) the number of Javanese speakers, and (d) the use of Javanese in the family. Second, the attempts made include: (a) the strengthening of the philosophy of the Javanese culture and language, (b) the Javanese language competitions and festivals, (c) the dissemination of moral values in Javanese expressions, (d) the development of Javanese performance arts, and (e) the use of Javanese in institutions. Third, the maintenance strategies include the uses of Javanese as: (a) a means of communication, (b) a factor uniting language and culture, (c) a local wisdom, (d) a local government's policy, (e) a subject in education, (g) NGO activities, and (h) Javanese journalism.


As the attention of geologists has lately been re-directed to the above subjects by Mr. S. V. Wood and Prof. Harkness, I venture to hope that the following notes and observations, made during visits to Wasdale Crag and the neighbourhood, on the 7th and 15th of last June, will not prove uninteresting to the readers of the Geological Magazine.


The actual impact of transarterial chemoembolization before liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on patient survival and HCC recurrence is not known. Between 1985 and 1998, 479 patients with HCC in 14 French centers were evaluated for LT. Among these 479 patients, this case‐control study included 100 patients who received transarterial chemoembolization before LT (TACE group) and 100 control patients who did not receive chemoembolization (no‐TACE group). Patients and controls were matched for the pre‐LT tumor characteristics, the period of transplantation, the time spent on the waiting list, and pre‐ and posttransplantation treatments. Kaplan‐Meier estimates were calculated 5 years after LT and were compared with the log‐rank test. The mean waiting time before LT was 4.2 ± 3.2 months in the TACE group and 4.3 ± 4.4 months in the no‐TACE group. The median number of TACE procedures was 1 (range: 1‐12). Demographic data, median alpha‐fetoprotein level (21.6 ng/mL and 22.0 ng/mL, respectively), and pre‐ and post‐LT morphologic characteristics of the tumors did not differ in the TACE and no‐TACE groups. Overall 5‐year survival was 59.4% with TACE and 59.3% without TACE (ns). Survival rates did not differ significantly between the two groups with respect to the time on the waiting list, the tumor diameter, or the type of TACE (selective or nonselective). In the TACE group, 30 patients had tumor necrosis ≥80% on the liver explant with a 5‐year survival rate of 63.2%, compared with 54.2% among their matched controls (P = 0.9). In conclusion, with a mean waiting period of 4.2 months and 1 TACE procedure, pre‐LT TACE does not influence post‐LT overall survival and disease‐free survival. (Liver Transpl 2005;11:767–775.)


In this paper, we show how to reorder the computations in the SOR algorithm to maintain the same asymptotic rate of convergence as the rowwise ordering and to obtain parallelism at different levels. A parallel program is written to illustrate these ideas and actual machines for implementation of this program are discussed.


AIM: To explore the clinical efficacy of alprostadil injection treatment on reducing urinary protein and lowering blood viscosity of type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy and the treatment efficacy changes over time. METHODS: 48 patients with type 2 diabetic were divided into two groups randomly.Both groups were given integrated treatment on chronic renal insufficiency,diabetic,high blood pressure,high blood sugar.The trial group was treated with alprostadil 10 μg/d for three weeks.The control group was given astragalus 30 mL/d intravenous infusion.The changes of urine albumin,blood viscosity and other clinical indicators were observed before and after the treatment and at the end of the 1,3,6,9,12th month.RESULTS:After treatment the urinary protein,blood viscosity of two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P0.05);The urinary protein of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of control group(P 0.05),but as time past that of,this gap decreased gradually.To the end of the 12 month there was no significant difference between them,and there was no significant difference at the end of the 9 month on the blood viscosity between the two groups.CONCLUSION: Patients with diabetic nephropathy who had received the treatment of alprostadil three weeks could decrease proteinuria excretion,lower blood viscosity but this protection for renal has some limitations in a long-term,the effect of treatment diminishes little by little in a year.


This paper presents an approach, called LBS, for modelling and implementing the architecture of wireless sensor networks WSNs publish/subscribe Pub/Sub applications using a local broker subcomponen...


By analyzing the deficiencies of existing de-icing methods, a new de-icing method which combines thermal de-icing with water-jet cutting de-icing technology is coming into being. This paper introduces the construction of thermal water-jet de-icing equipment. Through repeated experiments, the factors which would affect de-icing have been researched and experimentally verified, including jet pressure, nozzle aperture, standoff, and jet injection angles, etc. Analysis of experimental results shows that this device can perform well and satisfy design requirements.


This study assessed the dynamics of First Birth Interval (FBI) after marriage, its determinants as well as relationship between fertility and FBI among women of reproductive age in Nigeria. We right-censored FBI of women aged 15-49 years using 2013 Nigeria DHS data, used Kaplan Meier survival function to monitor the timings and Cox Proportional Hazard (CPH) and Generalized Gamma (GG) regression to model factors affecting FBI. The median FBI in Nigeria was 1.75 years and decreased with delayed age at marriage. Women with higher education have shorter FBI (TR=0.86(95% CI: 0.85-0.88)). Urban women were more likely to have earlier FBI (HR=1.28 95% CI: 1.24-1.32)). Fertility was significantly associated with FBI. The longer the FBI the lower the fertility level and vice versa except for women aged 15-19 years. Age at marriage, educational attainment, wealth status and residence were the main determinants of timing of first birth after marriage in Nigeria.


In modern conditions of economic transformation, the functioning and development of production systems is characterized by instability, nonlinearity and dynamism of the main indicators and parameters. The financial and production system is affected by a large number of market, inflationary, social and other disturbances, which leads to the losses in financial stability, a decrease in production volumes, a decrease in demand for manufactured products, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to have an effective management system and operational decision-making. The relevant direction for solving this problem is the development of a flexible intelligent control system that makes it possible to diagnose quickly the unfavorable state of the financial and production system and activate promptly the mechanisms that return the system to equilibrium. In this case, information becomes the main resource of management, which performs an integrating role and is a necessary component when using all other resources. All this predetermines the use of information technology management. With a high dynamism and instability of the external environment, it becomes necessary to apply the methods and approaches of the new science of management, concentrating its attention on the theory of complex systems and nonlinear dynamics, with the help of which complex control systems can cope effectively with uncertainty and rapid changes. The development and use of modern information technologies for enterprise management are based on the introduction of integrated information processing technology and the creation of mathematical methods and computer modeling tools. In the work of information technologies, management is implemented by creating an integrated intelligent computerized system based on the use of economic and mathematical methods, computer technology and communication means, i.e. implements a fundamentally new management platform, which is based on the integration of management information through a mechanism for generalizing the information database and knowledge.


This study assessed the effect of the largest flood since dam regulation on geomorphic and large wood (LW) trends using LW distributions at three time periods on the 150 km long Garrison Reach of the Missouri River. In 2011, a flood exceeded 4390 m3/s for a two‐week period (705% above mean flow; 500 year flood). LW was measured using high resolution satellite imagery in summer 2010 and 2012. Ancillary data including forest character, vegetation cover, lateral bank retreat, and channel capacity. Lateral bank erosion removed approximately 7400 standing trees during the flood. Other mechanisms, that could account for the other two‐thirds of the measured in‐channel LW, include overland flow through floodplains and islands. LW transport was commonly near or over 100 km as indicated by longitudinal forest and bank loss and post‐flood LW distribution. LW concentrations shift at several locations along the river, both pre‐ and post‐flood, and correspond to geomorphic river regions created by the interaction of the Garrison Dam upstream and the Oahe Dam downstream. Areas near the upstream dam experienced proportionally higher rates of bank erosion and forest loss but in‐channel LW decreased, likely due to scouring. A large amount of LW moved during this flood, the chief anchoring mechanism was not bridges or narrow channel reaches but the channel complexity of the river delta created by the downstream reservoir. Areas near the downstream dam experienced bank accretion and large amounts of LW deposition. This study confirms the results of similar work in the Reach: despite a historic flood longitudinal LW and channel trends remain the same. Dam regulation has created a geomorphic and LW pattern that is largely uninterrupted by an unprecedented dam regulation era flood. River managers may require other tools than infrequent high intensity floods to restore geomorphic and LW patterns. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Objectiive To investigate the correlation research between mammographic features and immunohistochemical markers of breast cancer. Methods Mammography was performed and the morphologic features were analyzed in 69 patient with breast cancer before the operation. The mastectomy specimens of the breast cancer were stained with immunohistochemistry, and the expressions estrogen ER PR、C-erbB-2、P53、 BRCA-1、BRCA-2 were measured. Results Among the 69 cases of breast cancers, C- erbB-2 positive expression was positively correlated with the spiculate margin of breast cancer(P 0.01). BRCA-1 positive exp C-erbB-2 BRCA-1、BRCA-2ression was positively correlated with the spiculate margin of breast cancer(P 0.01). BRCA-2 positive expression was positively correlated with the spiculate margin of breast cancer (P 0.01)C-erbB-2 positive expression was positively correlated with the transfer of lymph(P 0.01). BRCA-2 positive expression was positively correlated with the transfer of lymph (P 0.01). Conclusion There are some correlation among mam- mography morphologic features C-erbB-2, BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 factors in breast cancer. The biologic behavior and prognosis of the breast cancer can be assessed accord- ing to mammography features.


This present study aimed to assess the effect of fermentation temperature and culture concentration on LAB growth, physical and chemical properties of fermenting cow and goat milk. The International Official Analytical Chemistry Association (AOAC) and the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) methods were used to analyze the physical and chemical properties of yogurt. Yogurt was prepared using fermentation temperature (40, 43, 46°C), a combination of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus acidophilus strains. (1: 1), culture inoculation (5, 10, 15persent) and fermentation times (8 hours). The results showed that the cultures concentration and temperature have a significant effect on physicochemical properties, and viable amount of fermented milk samples. There were a significant difference (P< 0.05) between all yogurt samples in LAB growth, total solids, pH, viscosity, and there were no significant difference (P< 0.05 between, titeriatble acidity, color and density of all samples. The general results of this present study proved that the ideal state of fermentation of cow and goat milks fermentation were: fermentation 46°C, culture concentration 10, 15%, for 8h. Thus, the benefit from these results are developing physical and chemical properties and sensory characteristics of cow and goat milk yogurt.


This article focuses on the problem of relations between socio-psychological traits of a person's social network and a value of emotional support for this person in stressful situations of different emotional complexity. The study involves 196 people (98 men and 98 women) aged 17 to 60 years. Personal social network`s traits (breadth, density, structure) have been analyzed. The authors studied how a person evaluates the degree of emotional complexity of various stressful situations and ways of support one gets. Data obtained in the empirical research indicate the interrelations between the breadth and structure of a social network and the value of emotional support in stressful situations of average and above average levels of emotional complexity. The relations between a network`s socio-psychological traits and a value of support in everyday emotionally simple situations have not been identified, which confirms our hypothesis.


Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in Swedish and American men. Effective curative treatment modalities are debilitating and available only for localized disease. As an immunotherapy approach, DNA encoding prostate‐specific antigen (PSA), was used to immunize mice and induce PSA‐specific cellular immunity.


Linear permanent-magnet brushless dc motor (LPMBLDCM) has the advantages of high flux density, high energy efficiency, simple structure, and other characteristics, which are suitable for high speed and high thrust applications. It is also used as an electromagnetic catapult to be applied to small- and medium-sized aircraft launches. This paper focuses on the influence of magnetic structure on electromagnetic and dynamic performance of a moving magnet type LPMBLDCM. Three magnetic structure candidates are presented, including the serial magnetic structure, parallel magnetic structure, and the Halbach magnetic structure. The dynamic process of LPMBLDCM is analyzed by a Maxwell-2-D transient solver for each magnetic structure. The influences of magnetic structure on the air-gap flux density, on the back electromotive force, and on the mover velocity and thrust output are analyzed. The electromagnetic characteristics and dynamic performance for three magnetic structure LPMBLDCMs are contrasted. This paper follows previous works in which some relevant experiments were also executed. Simulated and measured results can provide useful references to optimized design and prototype matching for an electromagnetic catapult.


Abstract The volatile compounds from fruits of Talisia esculenta harvested in northeastern Brazil, were obtained by hydrodistillation using Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS. Nineteen compounds were identified and pyrazines were the major compounds (representing 64.8–70.4% of the oil), mainly 2,5-diethylpyrazine (64.2–69.1%). Oxygenated monoterpenes also predominated (6.6–6.8% of the oil) besides high abundance of furfural (18.0–22.8%).


This sermon was preached at the conclusion of a 2-day conference on making a place in faith communities for people with disabilities. The first part is an exposition of the story of Mephibosheth, an Israelite prince whose legs were injured in a childhood mishap, rendering him lame for life. Three applications of this story for contemporary faith communities are then made: 1) Faithful and effective ministry to and with persons with disabilities recognizes that them as full members of the faith community, not as charity projects. Persons with disabilities should be treated like other church members—with dignity, respect, easy naturalness, and a minimum of fuss. 2) Faithful and effective ministry to persons with disabilities includes ministry to their caregivers, both family members and professions. 3). Faithful and effective ministry to persons with disabilities avoids the temptation of speaking for or about them, and helps them speak for themselves.


With DDR5, the DRAMs will have the ability to support On Die Termination (ODT). The address topology is expected to continue to be a fly-by topology, with each DRAM loading the address bus driven by the controller. Each DRAM is expected to allow multiple ODT settings. The number of potential settings grows exponentially with the number of DRAMs in the system. Finding the optimal setting within the valid option space becomes a challenge with large number of DRAMs. At the same time, finding this optimal setting also becomes critical at the data rates of DDR5.


Since the concept of the Gigantopithecus Fauna was proposed in 1957,there has been considerable progress in the study of Early Pleistocene mammals in South China.So far,the Gigantopithecus Fauna is known from 12 sites distributed across the five provinces of South China,plus some significant fossils and cultural relics of early humans.The information furnished by these discoveries is of great help in understanding the evolution of early humans and the development of human culture.In the present paper,the mammal faunas of the Early Pleistocene are divided into 3 biostratigraphic stages,each containing a representative assemblage of mammals.Based on a multiply stratigraphic division and comparison,some problems relating to these faunas are discussed,and some new opinions on their stratigraphic correlations are put forward.Zoogeographic regions and transitional zones in the Early Pleistocene of South China are also illustrated.


The present invention relates to a true zero signal or a zero measurement signal for living (feeding) separator. The signal (feed) separator has a primary side (feeding) input terminal (the IN), the secondary side output terminal (OUT), for converting the primary-side current measuring input (Iin) of the DC-DC converter (100) for providing measuring the secondary-side output current (lout) of the output stage (200), and means for supplying a primary side and a secondary side of the power supply of the secondary feed (400). The auxiliary energy feed (400) by means of an auxiliary voltage measuring means (500) on the secondary side is controlled by the control means (300), such that said output stage (200) connected to the power loss is substantially in the operating state load (Rb) irrelevant.


Three dimensional scene synthesis and analysis has drawn considerable attention in manufacturing industries due to its multifaceted applications ranging from real time recognition, verification, vehicle guidance etc. Nowadays, there is a growing surge in FDP (Focused disparity map) of given objects of interest of multiview stereo images. In order to design customized specific application such as industrial part verification, we propose to use O-FDP (Optimal Focused Disparity Map) that spins off from the fact that only basic geometric information is available from DMU (Digital MockUp) models such as CATIA in industrial installations. Instead of using the whole image information, we use only the experiential information that is really necessary for application. The proposed framework unifies LIFE(Local Invariant Feature Extraction) techniques, edge information, epipolar geometry and object silhouette information. The framework results are presented and compared with state of the art work.


Two Sumerian tablets, acquired by purchase, turn out to be longer and shorter versions of the same incantations, and the tablets probably came from the same workshop or school. The shorter tablet containing one incantation is quite cursive, while the longer tablet with eight incantations is written in a good OB ductus. These incantations were intended for the purification of the ritual objects and ingredients, to be recited during the king's own purification rites. The text, although hitherto unknown, resembles Surpu Tablet IX.


The purpose of the present study is to investigate the HIV-1 drug-resistant gene mutation rate on protease and reverse transcriptase in HIV infected men who have sex with men(MSM) without antiretroviral therapy(ART) in Fujian Province in order to provide evidences for selection of appropriate ART drugs.HIV-1 viral RNA were extracted from plasma samples and then the whole pol gene and partial reverse transcriptase gene were amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The sequences of those amplified fragments were edited using the software Contig Express and submitted to the website http://hivdb.stanford.edu/ for analysis of their drug resistance status.Meanwhile,their phylogenesis was analyzed by Bio-Edit,Clustal,and Mega.It was found that 60%(30/50) of that strains were classified as CRF01_AE,10 were CRF 07_BC,9 were B and one was CRF 08_BC.According to the interpretation of Stanford University drug resistance database,5 of 50 sequences occurred mutations for PIs,only one with M46I mutation was interpreted as intermediate resistant to NFV.Of 10 sequences occurred mutations for NNRTIs(non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors) and NRTIs(nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors),and the one carried V179E was interpreted as potential low-level resistance to NNRTIs.These results reveal that although the low mutation rate was showed in MSM HIV-1 infected patients in Fujian Province,the surveillance for the transmission of drug-resistant HIV-1 in the target population is necessary.


The quality of water from traditional two-stage biochemical treatment process of papermaking wastewater cannot meet the pollutants discharge standard of paper industry,therefore it is necessary to develop new advanced treatment processes to further treat the effluent. This paper adopts the homogeneous Fenton oxidation technology to treat the effluent from a secondary sedimentation tank of a papermaking factory by batch experiments. The optimum reaction conditions are H2O2 dosage 6.54mmol/L, FeSO4.7H2O dosage 200mg/L, pH=3, t=1.5h and of all the experiments the dosage of polyacrylamide is 3ppm. The COD of the treated water is under 50mg/L and its removal rate can reach as high as 75.4%, the chroma almost falls to zero, the effluent meets the first grade of the national wastewater discharge standard. Therefore, the homogeneous Fenton is an effective alternative for papermaking wastewater advanced treatment, due to its high effect.


With the historical development of traditional "people-oriented" ideologies, the thesis analyzes the inheritance of CPC's "ruling for the people" ideologies from the tradition in three parts and discusses its reconstruction and surpassing.


We will test the efficacy of an innovative physical therapy treatment technique based upon the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT ® ). Thus, people with PD will undergo intensive practice of high effort/large amplitude arm movements while focusing on the sensory awareness of "movement bigness." As LSVT ® uses extensive practice and feedback/knowledge of results to teach patients the amount of effort needed to consistently perform "louder" voice, we will use similar motor learning techniques to teach patients the amount of effort needed to consistently perform "bigger" movements. Speech studies have shown that a treatment with a simple focus (think loud) may generalize to affect motor output in other systems (e.g., articulation, speaking rate, swallowing, respiratory mechanics). Thus, we predict that learning to perform bigger arm movements will not only improve arm function during everyday activities, but the effects will generalize to lower limb function and speech motor control.


It describes settlement and verticality supervision in the construction process of the high-rise building,and analyzes culvers of building accumulated settlement,loading and settlement speed,gets precision evaluation of measurement results,results prove that the settlement of the building is in settlement relative stability state.


This paper examines two theoretical aspects of the measurement of polarization of the quenched radiation which comes from the application of a weak electric field to the 2s state of hydrogen. Specifically, it outlines the justification of the Bethe-Lamb phenomenological analysis of this problem from the external field approximation of quantum electrodynamics. Further, it includes the lowest-order effects of the J-breaking part of the hyperfine structure in Rayleigh-Schroedinger perturbation theory. While it was expected that these terms would contribute to the polarization fraction a correction to the lowest order of the relative size of the ratio of the hyperfine splittings to the fine-structure splitting of the n = 2 state or about one part in 10/sup 3/, cancellations occur and these J-breaking terms give a correction in the fourth place of the polarization fraction.


Instead, eLife will offer to peer review selected submissions for $2000 fee, then make paper and critiques free to read Instead, eLife will offer to peer review selected submissions for $2000 fee, then make paper and critiques free to read


Development of hybrid membranes has gained special interest due to their low energy consumption and adaptability to different media. Different compounds to the same zinc oxide can adds selectivity, stability and resistance to fouling, which makes it possible to improve the separation processes. This work evaluates the influence of some parameters such as the pH in the feeding phase, nature of the discharge phase and amount of zinc oxide particles inside of hybrid acetate membrane. This is necessary because red 40 is an azo and chromogenic dye used in the textile industry. Considering the above, the hybrid membrane was tested in a synthetic solution where it was found to be useful for the recovery of the dye.


Technology for pressurized, high-temperature, ceramic-tube heat exchangers is being established by materials evaluation, design, and fabrication studies followed by rig tests. Candidate ceramic materials have been surveyed for strength, environmental stability with coal ash, and other design properties. Design and fabrication studies of joining methods were responsible for selection of the chosen heat exchanger configuration. A full-length, twenty-eight tube, 4.56 m (15 ft) ceramic-tube heat exchanger with a 11.43 cm (4.5 in.) diameter ceramic header has been successfully tested with a 1505/sup 0/K (2250/sup 0/F) outlet temperature at 689 kPa (100 psi). Hot side gas temperature during this test was 1643/sup 0/K (2500/sup 0/F). This module has been operated for approximately 125 hours.


Joinder of Actions-With Special Reference to the Montana and California Practice M ONTANA'S code provisions on the joinder of causes of action1 and of counterclaims,2 derived from the California Code of Civil Procedure,3 have had an unbroken period of operation since their adoption by the territorial legislature of 1864.4 In the meantime, there has been a marked tendency to liberally reExamine the entire legal attitude toward the problem of joinder. While perhaps most significant in the field of juristic writing and opinion, the tendency is also reflected in legislation and judicial decision in England5 since the passage of the Judicature Acts, and also in a growing number of American jurisdictions.6 California has effected several changes during the intervening years, and in 1927 7 incorporated into her code some of the liberal provisions now long effective in England. The writer believes the restricted joinder of actions at common law was based largely on the fortuity of historical accident, that it created imaginary difficulties in joinder, that this illogical arbitrary system, changed in slight particulars only, was carried over into the code, and there has existed in a condition of stalemate in most American jurisdictions for the past three-quarters century. The present article takes the position that the saving of expense to litigants, the elimination in whole or in part of the congested dockets of the courts, as well as the interests of the public, dictate a wider joinder -if not entire freedom thereof. This proposal, it is believed, can be accomplished through the enactment and operation of the principle of trial convenience, with discretion in the court to determine this criterion, and with power in the court to order separate trials upon a showing of prejudice. This


Objective: To investigate the heart damage of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Methods: A total of 785 cases of COVID-19 treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University from December 25, 2019 to February 18, 2020 were retrospectively studied. Patients with myocardial injury were screened out and then were divided into survival and non-survival groups. The clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, electrocardiograms, imaging examinations, and clinical outcomes of the two groups were observed, and the characteristics and prognosis of myocardial injury related to COVID-19 were analyzed. Results: (1) Of the 785 patients, 90 had elevated serum troponin and were identified as myocardial injury patients. (2) COVID-19 related myocardial injury correlated to age and history of underlying diseases. Most of them were elderly (mean age 71.64±16.42 years), accompanied by basic diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, and diabetes.(3) The main clinical manifestations in COVID⁃19 with myocardial injury were palpitations (76.7%), chest tightness (60%), and chest pain (6.67%). There was no statistical difference between survival and non-survival groups ( P >0.05);Laboratory examinations showed that myocardial enzymes (CK, CK-MB, and LDH), myoglobin, hypersensitive troponin, and NT-ProBNP all increased in varying degrees, especially in non-survivors ( P <0.001). Hypersensitive troponin and NT-ProBNP were independent risk factors for death in COVID⁃19 patients with myocardial injury. (4) Of the 90 patients with myocardial injury, 84 showed abnormal electrocardiograms, including atrial/ventricular premature beats, ST-segment elevation, ST-segment shift, conduction block, and abnormal Q waves. There were significant difference in conduction block rate between survival and non⁃survival groups ( P <0.05). Conlusion: COVID⁃19 can cause myocardial damage. Troponin is an important indicator for myocardial damage. Troponin and NT-ProBNP are independent risk factors for predicting death of COVID⁃19. © 2021, Editorial Board of Medical Journal of Wuhan University. All right reserved.


The article reviews the play basics and the principles of play strategy in the texts, transforming the subject of inspection and inspector in the Russian literature and drama of the 1840s, 1930sand1970s. The study draws the typological parallels between Gogol's, Mayakovsky's, Erdman's and Shukshin's satirical comedies, and develops the idea that the guarantee of high artistic merit is the ordinance of play poetics in works of fiction.


Abstract— A new organic parameter is proposed to show a chemical sequence of organic matter in carbonaceous chondrites, using carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen concentrations of solvent‐insoluble and high‐molecular weight organic matter (macromolecules) and the molecular abundance of solvent‐extractable organic compounds. The H/C atomic ratio of the macromolecule purified from nine CM chondrites including the Murchison, Sayama, and seven Antarctic meteorites varies widely from 0.11 to 0.72. During the H/C change of ˜0.7 to ˜0.3, the N/C atomic ratio remains at ˜0.04, followed by a sharp decline from ˜0.040 to ˜0.017 between H/C ratios from ˜0.3 to ˜0.1. The H/CN/C sequence shows different degrees of organic matter thermal alteration among these chondrites in which the smaller H/C‐N/C value implies higher alteration levels on the meteorite parent body. In addition, solvent‐extractable organic compounds such as amino acids, carboxylic acids, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are abundant only in chondrites with macromolecular H/C values >˜0.5. These organic compounds were extremely depleted in the chondrites with a macromolecular H/C value of <˜0.5. Possibly, most solvent‐extractable organic compounds could have been lost during the thermal alteration event that caused the H/C ratio of the macromolecule to fall below 0.4.


An apparatus for the determination of the solubility of gases in polymers at high pressure and high temperature is described. The solubilities of nitrogen in low-density polyethylene (PE800E) at 394–450 K at pressures between 10 and 125 atm are reported. Empirical correlations are obtained which represent the Flory–Huggins interaction parameter χ, solubility coefficient KH, and activity coefficient of dissolved gas Ω2 as functions of temperature and pressure for the above system. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The levels of essential microelements in poultry feed must be high enough to satisfy the birds' requirements, yet low enough to ensure the safety of both animal feed and meat and eggs for human nutrition. The essential role of vanadium (V), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) in poultry nutrition is still under investigation, while their toxicity was well established a long time ago. Even though some feeds might represent a potential source of harmful amounts of microelements, the combination of relevant quality control programs in the animal feed industry, as well as the application of good production practices and the adequate education of nutritionists can substantially reduce the risks associated with overfeeding such minerals. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the role, importance and needs of poultry for V, Cr and Ni.


Teaching material supply is an important part of the colleges and universities.Under the new situation and in the need of the improvement of teaching,the supply must tranform from the "Type of Service"into the "Type of Service and Managament".


The Bachelor thesis deals with the development and current state of regional system in the Czech lands. In the first part the historical development of regional system since the first marks of its creation in the 10th century until 1989 is outlined. Another part is devoted to the birth of present system of self-governing regions, including the reasons for its creation and the numerous problems connected to its preparation. The final section summarizes the current system of regions, attention is paid especially to its evaluation. The objective of this thesis is to describe development and present system of regional system.


This project is to build one rubbish collector especially for river and drain and
all of this process will be control by automatic system. Apart from that this rubbish
collector have a manual control system will be used during emergencies or during
maintenance the rubbish collector. This rubbish collector will be name Rubbish
Collector Monitoring System suitable with the functions. This Rubbish Collector
would be fitted in river, drain water course or lake. The conventional system, process
to collect the rubbish will do by human power and sometimes process to collect the
rubbish cannot follow the schedule. This problem can give many problems to
environment. One of solution to solve this problem is design the new system such as
Rubbish Collector Monitoring System. Rubbish Collector is being used
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) for automatic control and visual basic for
monitor manual operation. Beside that, have a several additional part shall be install
at this system like as Limit Switch, Power Window Motor, Relay and Toggle Switch.
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) used as a main control because this
equipment easy to reprogrammed if have a additional process or want to decrease the
several process and also this equipment easy to wiring from hardware to main
controller. Whereas for manual control use Visual Basic because the programming is
easy to control.


Leadless Pacemakers are a new generation of pacemakers, providing therapy for patients with bradyarrhythmias. Studies are performed to extend the existing single chamber pacing to dual chamber pacing system. For such a system, the implanted leadless pacemakers should be synchronized to provide atrium and ventricular co-ordination. Given size constraints from the first commercial products, the signal transmission efficiency has been investigated for varying distances between the two devices. The two devices are coupled thanks to electromagnetic inductive resonance. The energy consumed for providing synchronization is evaluated and is compared to available device battery capacity (220mAh), in order to test feasibility and estimate longevity. Device longevity plots for both simulation and experimental studies, for varying distances are analyzed, it is found that predicted longevity is less than 20 days (experimental study) for distances greater than 3mm.In this paper, electromagnetic resonance coupled load modulation technique is considered for providing synchronization and is tested for feasibility in simulation and experimental studies. In general, the results indicate that the load modulation technique is feasible to provide synchronization in between leadless pacemakers for small distances (< 15mm) with a decrease in system longevity.


In this work we optimize an effect-based weapon-target assignment that does not exceed a pre-determined upper bounds P1 ,P 2 ,...,P k for the collateral damage of k types of assets. That is, for given P1 ,P 2 ,...,P k we optimize weapon-target assignments with respect to kill overhead by minimizing overkill of targets and assuring that the kill probabilities of friendly asset types do not exceed P1 ,P 2 ,...,P k. Mathematics Subject Classification: 90B80, 90C27, 68W25, 68Q25


Objective To study the method and effect of the lung cancer treated by stereotactic radiotherapy(SRT). Method 52 patients treated by SRT are compared with 57 patients treted by conventional fraction radiotherapy(CRR). Result SRT group: the local TCP(tumor control rate) was 92. 3% (48/52), the disappeared rate was 88. 5% (46/52), one survial year rate 63. 5% (33/52); CFR: TCP was 64. 9%, the disappeared rate was 64. 9% (37/57 ), one survial year rate 42. l% (24/57 ). (SRT vs. CFR, P 0. 01 ). Conclusion SRT is able to improve local TCP and the disappeared rate, and shorten radiation course of treatment.


The Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), a third-generation synchrotron radiation light source, should be installed with 1032 sets of magnet power supplies for the storage ring and 152 sets for the injector. All of the power supplies are preferred in PWM switched mode with IGBT or MOSFET. A high precision DC power supply for 48 dipoles of the storage ring; there are 240 quadrupole magnets and 168 sextupole magnets in storage ring, the main winding of quadrupole and sextupole magnets are powered by individual power supplies. In the booster ring, one set of dynamic power supply for the dipole magnets and four sets for quadrupole magnets run at the biased 3Hz quasi sinusoidal wave. There are several hundred corrector (fast and slow) magnets and skew quadrupole magnets in storage ring and injector are powered by the same bipolar power converters. INTRODUCTION There are more than thousand of power supply will be installed at TPS, based on the different requirements of power supplies for different magnets and budgetary concern, all power supplies are divided into three categories. These three categories include two outside procurements and a cooperative project. Outside procurements: AC and large magnet power supplies A storage ring dipole magnet power supply A booster ring dipole magnet power supply Four booster ring quadrupole magnet power supplies Medium power supplies 240 units of storage ring quadrupole magnet power supplies 168 units of storage ring sextupole magnet power supplies LTB dipole& quadrupole、BTS dipole& quadrupole and DC septum power supplies A cooperative project with CMS, ITRI Corrector magnet power converters Booster ring horizontal & vertical corrector Trim coil of storage ring sextupole magnet(include horizontal dipole 、 vertical dipole & skew quadrupole) Fast feedback corrector AC AND LARGE MAGNET POWER SUPPLIES TPS is required to operate 24 hours per day, 7 days per week, for several successive weeks. Consideration of minimizing repair and recover time, the large and AC power supplies must be designed to maximize the use of plug-in modules, especially for regulation circuitry and power stage. These power supplies shall be switched mode with digital current and voltage regulation loop. The following features should be designed into a modular architecture: A high degree of modularity is desired. An N+1 redundant architecture for power stage. An N+1 redundant architecture for chopper regulator module. Identification of failed modules should be accessed by the remote control system. 'Hot Swap' replacement of failed modules. Storage ring dipole power supply A single power supply will be adopted to power 48 dipole magnets connected in series, and the main specification of magnet and power supply are as follows: Table 1: Storage Ring Dipole Magnet Magnet designation Dipole No. of magnets 48 Peak current 640A Inductance 31mH Resistance 20.82 mΩ Table 2: Specification of Storage Ring Dipole Power Supply Output(A/V) 750A/850V Short term stability(0~30min) ±5ppm /± 3.75mA Long term stability(0~8hrs) ±10ppm /± 7.5mA Resolution 18bits Accuracy ±50ppm Booster ring dipole power supply The operating repetition rate of booster ring is 3Hz, and the power supplies will output a biased sinewave to power booster magnets to generate a field profile from injection to peak field over the beam energy range 130MeV-3.0GeV. There are two different kinds of dipole magnet, their parameters are listed in table 3. Table 3: Booster Ring Dipole Magnet Magnet designation BD BH No. of magnets 42 12 Peak current 1034 1034 Inductance 1.8mH 0.9mH Resistance 8.1mΩ 5.1mΩ A single power supply(table 4) will be adopted to power 54 dipole magnets connected in series. The current reference function generation shall include: Proceedings of IPAC'10, Kyoto, Japan WEPD075 07 Accelerator Technology T11 Power Supplies 3275 Direct current setting command An arbitrary waveform: Store the waveform with programmable current setting points (maximum is 65,000). After cycling the arbitrary waveform, the output current setting of power supply shall be keep at bottom value of the arbitrary waveform. Direct current setting command + arbitrary waveform Table 4: Specification of Booster Ring Dipole Power Supply Output(ampere/voltage) 1200A/±1300V Short term stability ±5ppm /± 6mA Long term stability ±10ppm /± 12mA Resolution 18bits Accuracy ±50ppm Booster ring quadrupole power supplies There are two different kinds of quadrupole magnets, and these magnets are grouped into four families, table 5 is the list of these quadrupole magnets. Table 5: Booster Ring Quadrupole Magnets Magnet designation QF Q1/Q2/QM No. of magnets 48 12/12/12 Peak current 82A 104/66/31A Inductance 2.03mH 2.03mH Resistance 47mΩ 47mΩ Although there is a large difference on inductance and resistance between QF(48 magnets in series) and Q1/Q2/QM(12 magnets in series), but concerning about maintenance, power supplies with the same specification will be adopted to power these four families of quadrupole magnets, the specification is listed in table 6. Table 6: Specification of Booster Ring Quadrupole Power Supply Output(A/V) 120A/±425V Short term stability ±5ppm /± 0.6mA Long term stability ±10ppm /± 1.2mA Resolution 18bits Accuracy ±50ppm MEDIUM POWER SUPPLIES There are 240 quadrupole magnets and 168 sextupole magnets in TPS storage ring, and all these magnets are powered by individual power supply. The power supply with the same 250A/30V power rating to power all quadrupole and sextupole magnets, but quadrupole magnets shall be powered by more stable power supplies than that for storage ring sextupole magnets, so there are two different specification on the performance of output current but with the same control function. Table 7 list the main parameters of quadrupole and sextupole magnet, table 8 is the main parameters of specification of quadrupole and sextupole magnet power supplies. Table 7: Storage Ring Quadrupole And Sextupole Magnets Magnet Quadrupole Sextupole No. of magnets 240 168 Peak current 188A 135A Inductance 13.6/23.5mH 5.8mH Resistance 72.2/81.6mΩ 43.8mΩ Table 8: Specification of Quadrupole & Sextupole Magnet Power Supplies quadrupole sextupole Output(A/V) 250A/30V 250A/30V Short term stability ±1.25 mA ±6.25 mA Long term stability ±2.5mA ±12.5 mA Resolution 18bits 16Bits Accuracy ±10mA ±50 mA These power supplies will be embedded with some special functions: Waveform data Up to 64 k samples Post-mortem buffer shall be built inside, and this buffer must record data of output current. Sampling rate must be adjustable and maximum sampling rate is 10 ks/sec. External trigger (pre-post trigger mode). Series and parallel operation with Master/Slave control function. With post-mortem function, if there is a beam trip or any fault of power supply it will be much easier to identify which power supply is the causality. With series and parallel operation, there are some magnets could be powered with sextupole power supplies such that don't need several different rating power supplies and types of power supply could be minimized that could save lots of maintenance. The magnets could be powered with sextupole power supplies are presented in Table 9. Table 9: Magnets Powered by Sextupole Power Supplies Magnet Quantity of power supply LTB dipole 2 LTB qudrupole 1 DC Septum 3 BTS dipole 3 BTS qudrupole 1 The bid of medium power supplies was held at 16, APRIL, and CHROMA ATE INC., Taiwan won the bid. There is a standard power supply product 62075H-30[1] of CHROMA suitable to use as the sextupole magnet power supply and just need a little bit of modification. The performance of CHROMA 62075H-30 power supply is demonstrated in figure 1. WEPD075 Proceedings of IPAC'10, Kyoto, Japan 3276 07 Accelerator Technology


e18735 Background: Quality of life (QoL), defined as a state of physical, psychological and social well-being that provides satisfaction to the patient to be able to perform daily activities, has become a very important aspect in the evaluation of cancer patients. The aim of the study was to assess the QoL of cancer patients during cancer treatment. Methods: Patients undergoing intravenous systemic treatment within three months of diagnosis were identified as eligible patients. A total of 315 patients were selected of out-patient chemotherapy and hospitalization services were included between January and December 2022. QoL was measured using the EQ-5D-5L Quality of Life Questionnaire. The health personnel previously explained the questionnaire to the patient and then were applied electronically through tablets. The questionnaire had 5 dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression; each dimension has 5 levels from no problems (level 1) to extreme problems (level 5). The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) respondent's self-rated health, this scale is numbered from 0 ("worst health you can imagine") to 100 ("best health you can imagine"). Level 1 vs other levels were compared and Odds ratio, chi-square and ANOVA were used to determine associated factors. Results: A total of 315 patients were included, the mean of age was 53 (18-92) and 79.1% were women. Most patients (92%) were in good performance status (Zubrod 0-1). The proportion of patients in out-patient chemotherapy service (89%) was higher than in hospitalization service (11%). A total of 48% of patients received systemic treatment with curative intention and 52%, palliative. Chemotherapy was the most common treatment (78%). Compared to gastrointestinal and central nervous system tumors; the gynecological and thorax (GTC) (OR: 2.62; 95%CI: 1.32-5.21) and genitourinary cancers (GU) (OR: 4.57; 95%CI: 1.23-16.89) had worse mobility; GTC (OR: 3.50; 95%CI: 1.69-7.24); melanoma, breast cancer, and soft tumors (MBSC) (OR: 2.14; 95%CI: 1.12-4.11) had worse self-care; and GTC (OR: 4.00; 95%CI: 1.53-10.43) had more pain/discomfort. Besides, all patients in the out-patient chemotherapy service had worse mobility (OR: 3.15; 95%CI: 1.03-9.58) and more problems during their usual activities (OR: 3.52; 95%CI: 1.27-9.76), compared to hospitalization service. In regards to the VAS, there were differences between men and women (83.05±15.49 vs 76.08±21.13, p = 0.010 respectively) and services (78.32±19.64 vs 62.94±26.15, p = 0.011 ou-patient chemotherapy vs hospitalization, respectively). Conclusions: Our study indicates that patients with gynecologic, thoracic and genitourinary neoplasms have a poorer QoL than other diagnoses during their systemic treatments. The reasons behind this finding require further research.


Transmission expansion planning is a problem of considerable complexity where classical optimization techniques are unable to handle large case studies. Decomposition and divide-and-conquer strategies have been applied to this problem. We propose an alternative approach based on agent-based modeling (ABM) and inspired by the behavior of the Plasmodium mold, which builds efficient transportation networks as result of its search for food sources. Algorithms inspired by this mold have already been applied to road-network design. We modify an existing ABM for road-network design to include the idiosyncratic features of power systems and their related physics, and test it over an array of case studies. Our results show that the ABM can provide near-optimal designs in all the instances studied, possibly with some further interesting properties with respect to the robustness of the developed design. In addition, the model works in a decentralized manner, using mostly local information. This means that computational time will scale with size in a more benign way than global optimization approaches. Our work shows promise in applying ABMs to solve similarly complex global optimization problems in the energy landscape.


This article provides precise and detailed insight into the mortality of French soldiers during the First World War, focusing on their survival time during the conflict. The article clearly contributes to the longpursued yet unfinished endeavour that is a thorough and definitive demographic assessment of this war. To provide a general framework for the article's conclusions, it bears recalling certain multinational data on the losses incurred during what has often and rightly been referred to as the "hecatomb" or "the great bloodletting". According to an overall average estimate, the Great War caused the deaths of nearly 10 million soldiers, including more than 2 million Germans, nearly 2 million Russians, just under 1.5 million Frenchmen, 800,000 Britons, and 650,000 Italians, although these figures remain subject to debate. Counts include men from the most fertile age groups, between ages 19 and 40, that also made up the largest share of their countries' labour forces. They form the "sacrificed generations". As a proportion of its total population and among Allied countries, France suffered the greatest number of military deaths after Serbia, slightly fewer than the Ottoman Empire in relation to the Central Powers. Deaths as tallied above correspond to troops killed in action. If we include soldiers who were wounded, taken prisoner, and who went missing, it becomes apparent that the Central Powers were the more grievously impacted side, with Serbia maintaining its tragic frontrunner status among the Allies. About 500,000 soldiers died after 1918 from wounds received or diseases contracted during the war


This study analysed the anxiety found in Black Swan film. The approach of this study was qualitative research. This study used the theory from Hall (1954) and Cloninger (1993). From the data analysis, it was found that there are three types of anxiety in film. They are reality anxiety, neurotic anxiety and moral anxiety. Reality anxiety drove the character to face the real feeling of the reality. Neurotic anxiety forced the character to face the hallusination. Moral anxiety kept the character to be a wise creature. These anxieties influences the character in the film. The anxieties appear in the character because of negative thinking. The character has some bad feeling about her reality and dream, for example: afraid of being beaten, afraid of unreal story, afraid of getting old, etc. Those anxieties change her behaviour.

Key words: Anxiety, reality, neurotic, moral.


e24143Background: Antigen presentation plays a central role in anti-tumor immunity and the response to immunotherapy. Recent studies have underscored the importance of MHC class I (MHC I) and class...


The present invention relates to a method, a unit and a system for searching for a virtual resource in a large-scale computing system environment. The virtual resource is used on at least one server, each server is connected to a sensor and communicates with the sensor data, wherein the sensors exchange data with each other and consist of a data transmission network, wherein each sensor comprises an identifier of a in a part connected to the sensor Server virtual resource employed and the location information of the sensor itself stores, the method comprising: receiving a search request for a virtual resource by the at least one sensor, wherein the search query includes an identifier of the virtual resource being searched; Forwarding the query into the data transmission network of sensors; and feeding back a location information of a sensor, wherein the identifier of the virtual resource by the sensor itself is stored.


In the fierce market competition,strategic planning and construction of enterprise information is particularly important.In this paper,combined with the corporate status of the architecture research enterprises,a study of its information technology strategy was made.The goal of building "intelligent enterprise" was put forward.From network planning,hardware,application system architecture planning,information system integration planning,overall framework of architecture research enterprises was established the information construction work,and eventually become "intelligent enterprise".


135 on precipitation, form particles of various sizes ranging from 3μm to 24 μm. This size range interferes with blood cell counts ascertained by automated cell counters (Sysmex kx 21). It has been demonstrated that cryoglobulin containing plasma might induce the generation of neutrophil inclusions in neutrophils from a healthy donor.[5] Ultrastructural and immunofluorescence studies have shown that the cytoplasmic inclusions in neutrophils corresponded to the cryoglobulin, likely phagocytosed by these cells.[5]


We investigate three restoration techniques (path, subpath, and link restoration) for fault management in an IP-over-WDM network. We have implemented all of these techniques on the ns-2 simulation platform using generalized multiprotocol label switching (GMPLS) control signaling. These techniques can handle practical situations such as simultaneous multiple fiber failures, which are difficult to design for and recover from by nonrestoration techniques. We then present performance measurement results for the three restoration techniques by applying them to a typical nationwide mesh network running IP over WDM. We investigate interesting trade-offs in the performance of the restoration techniques on restoration success rate, average restoration time, availability, and blocking probability.


A lot of trans-femoral amputation patients experience skin breakdown due to the pressures and shear stresses in the stump-prosthesis interface. In this study, a finite element model was employed to investigate the stresses at the stump interface in the case of an orthopedic implant fixed to the cut end of the femur. By changing the stiffness of this implant, we aim to see how the stiffness of this implant affects the stresses in the interface between the amputated limb and the prosthesis. To find out the effects of implant stiffness, five values for the elastic modulus, ranging from 0.1 to 0.5 Mpa, with an interval of 0.1 Mpa were employed in the implant structure of the FE model. Obtained results show that the implant played important role in reducing the stresses at the stump-prosthesis interface where the contact pressure did not exceed 53 Kpa and 17.3 Kpa for shear stress in the stiffer case of an implant, while the contact pressure in the case of femur without implant exceeded 79Kpa and 42 Kpa for shear stress. We also noted that the intensity of the contact pressure and the shear stress is proportional to the stiffness of the implant, as the greater the implant stiffness, the higher the peak of these stresses.


Aim of work: To assess the efficiency of vaginal polypropylene mesh as a cheaper alternative to Obtape.

 Patients and methods: Forty qualified patients were subjected to history, examination and investigations including urodynamic studies and the patients were divided into two groups each containing twenty patients. Group 1 underwent the procedure using OB TAPE LG (Mentor Corporation- USA) and Group 2 did the procedure using a polypropylene mesh (Ethicon). Follow-up was done atone and six months post-operatively by clinical exam and by urodynamics (after 6 months only).

 Results: Age, parity, duration of disease, mode of delivery, menopausal status, associated anterior vaginal wall repair and pre-operative urodynamics were similar in both groups. Success rate was 95% in the mesh group and 90% in the OBTAPE LG (Mentor Corporation- USA) and mean operative time was 18.5 minutes for the mesh and 17.5 minutes for the OBTAPE LG (Mentor Corporation-USA). After 6 months follow-up complications did not differ greatly between the two groups except for mesh erosion which was three cases with Obtape and none with the mesh. Post-operative urodynamics showed significant improvement in cystometric capacity in mesh (P<0.001) and ob Tape (P=0.05), maximum urethral closure pressure in mesh (P=0.01) and obtape (P=0.03), maximum urethral closure pressure at stress in mesh (P=0.04) and obtape (P=0.007) and pressure transmission in mesh (P=0.01) and obtape (P=0.05).

 Conclusion: Transobturator approach is a safe minimally invasive surgical technique. The use of vaginal mesh for this operation can provide a cheaper alternative for poorly resourced hospital settings. Further studies are needed to properly assess the efficiency of vaginal mesh for this surgical technique.


Determination of thallium in coix seed and cabbage by FAAS was investigated. The sample(5.00 g) was taken and dissolved with a mixture of HNO3 and HCl O4(4+1) 20 m L by wet digestion. The result shows that linear relationship between values of absorbance and mass concentration of thallium was obtained in the range of 0~3.0 mg/L, with correlation coeffi cient of 0.9999, detection limit(3 s/k) of 0.066 mg/kg. The recovers are in the rang of 91.6%~95.5%. Values of RSD's(n=7) were kept in the range of 1.6%~3.2%. The method can be used for the determination of thallium in food.


A cooled CCD camera with 385 x 576 pixel has been used, in conjunction with a 16-mm fish-eye lens, to construct an isophot map of the zodiacal light and the gegenschein. The axis of symmetry of the zodiacal light at westerly elongations has been measured out to eo = 80° and found to be significantly south of the ecliptic plane and the axis of the invariable plane. A considerable north-south asymmetry in the intensity distribution was also found. The position and excess brightness of the gegenschein have also been measured. Its longitude is at the antisolar point within the limit of measurement, its centroid is 2 ~ 5 ± 0 ~ 5 south of the ecliptic and its excess brightness is 40 ± 5 SlO units.


Brucellosis is an infectious and contagious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella, infecting animals and humans, presenting a major economic and public health impact, especially in developing countries. In this context, the objectives were to diagnose anti-Brucella spp. aglutinins, isolate Brucella spp. in cattle, and to verify the frequency of soropositive workers, from a slaughthouse in Sao Luiz-MA. Samples of blood were collected to obtain the serum, as well as exsudate and fibrosed part of serous sacks. Blood samples from 59 workers from the slaughterhouse were also collected. These samples were analyzed through the tests of soroaglutination test (AAT) and 2-Mercaptoetanol (2-ME) and complement fixation. From the 419 cattle samples examined, 25 animals (5.97%) soropositives were found, from which 28.00% (7/25) had bursitis and the presence of Brucella spp. was confirmed by isolation. Of the human samples, six (10.17%) were positive in the test of 2-ME. The prevalence rate of anti-Brucella spp. aglutinins in cattle is above the national average and of the Northeast. The prevalence of infection in workers from the slaughterhouse in the county of Sao Luis could pose serious problems to public health, requiring the establishment of a Program of Sanitary Education for workers of the slaughterhouse.


The Socio-Educational system is the policy of care for juvenile delinquents in Brazil. This policy is challenged to differentiate the prison system, because it's pedagogic and sanctionatory in the same time. In this paper we propose to make a critical analysis of the implementation of the policy of children and adolescents in Brazil, especially the socio-educational system, under a critical view, with foundation in dialectical historical materialism. So we present the historical evolution of the attention to the rights of children and adolescents in Brazil and aim the limitations and possibilities of this policy today, in addition to the current operation of this policy, followed by an analysis based on critical criminology. Finally, we indicate that the juvenile justice system, the socio-educational system and all social practices relating to offenses should be seen as part of an historical and social process that has as its central point the materiality of social relations, the relationship between society, market and State and the consequent contradictions that are placed there. As the socio-educational project is linked to a contemporary neoliberal state, he does not escape the pressure of capitalism. That is, you can not understand the socio-educational institutions and logic that supports policies so displaced from this broader socio-political system that perpetuates unevenly and exclusive.


Commercial diplomacy widely used among developed countries and it has been started to be used in developing countries. One of the main activities of commercial diplomacy is foreign trade and foreign direct investment promotion. Commercial diplomacy can be viewed a value-creating activity. As well there is some criticism in literature concerning to commercial diplomacy that is stipulated by the possibilities for crossing both public and private interests. Commercial diplomacy can be realized at two levels: national and international. For developing countries like Armenia in international level SME's need at least basic market information which very often dif-fers from their home market structure. In this aspect even productive companies can meet a lot of trade barriers in international trade. Analyzing Armenia's foreign trade and FDI flows we can state that there is a huge potential which is not used yet; and implementation of successful commercial diplomacy can improve the situation.