Population growth and transformation of agricultural or forest landscapes to built-up areas are the common phenomenon in the fast developing countries. Such changes have significant impact on hydrologic processes in the catchment which in turn may end up with an increase in both magnitude and frequency of floods in urban areas. Therefore, reliable rainfall-runoff models that are able to estimate discharge of a catchment accurately are in need. To date, several physically-based models are developed to capture the rainfall-runoff process; however, they require significant number of parameters which could be difficult to be measured or estimated. Beside these models, the artificial intelligence techniques have shown their ability to identify a direct mapping between inputs and outputs with less number of physical parameters. Adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is one of the well-practiced techniques in hydrological time series modeling. The aim of this study was to check the capability of ANFIS in event-based rainfall runoff modeling for a tropical catchment. A total of 70 rainfall-runoff events were extracted from twelve years hourly rainfall and runoff data of Semenyih River catchment where 50 of them were chosen for training and the remaining 20 for testing. An input selection method based on correlation analysis and mutual information was developed to identify the proper input combinations of rainfall and discharge antecedents. The results obtained by ANFIS model were then compared with an autoregressive model with exogenous inputs (ARX) as a bench mark. Results showed that ANFIS outperforms ARX model and has capabilities to be used as a reliable rainfall-runoff modeling tool.


This article describes a software package useful for the instruction of antenna array theory. The program provides the radiation pattern of different types of antennas, the array factor of linear, two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional arrays, and the total radiation pattern. The elements of the array are isotropic source, Hertzian dipole, straight thin wire dipole, and finite line source with uniform current distribution. The user has the freedom to choose one of the supported element types or to provide the pattern of an antenna element based on experimental or calculated data. This article serves as a tutorial for selected examples as well as a quick guide for the use of this software.


An adaptive control technique for the unloading of spacecraft angular momentum is presented. The technique employs model reference adaptive control theory with Lyapunov stability analysis to synthesize a controller using multiple environmental sources in combination for unloading. Simulation studies are presented that employ magnetic, gravity gradient, and aerodynamic torques in a three-way controller. It is shown that momentum is contained within a dead zone introduced for disturbance compensation that is well below reasonable reaction wheel saturation limits for two model spacecraft of much different mass properties.


We define a joint Wigner function to give a fully phase space description for the interacting system of the quantized electromagnetic field and two-level atoms. We give its equation of motion in the single-atom case using the Jaynes - Cummings model for the interaction.


The Wilderness Literature of early America mainly decribes the construction of the new continent or direct forest wilderness writing.As time going in to the Realistic Literature period at the end of nineteenth century,the Wilderness Literature presents new development.During this period the Wilderness Literature changed the traditional dircription depict of the wilderness forest,instead,it probes deeply into human's heart and studies human's inner wilderness.The intention of analysis of two major and influential works of Theodore Dreiser's—Sister Carrie and Jennie Gerhardt —is to reveal the image of wilderness in this period as to extend and distillate the image of the early America period.


In their article "Deep brain stimulation in early-stage Parkinson disease: Five-year outcomes,"1 Dr. Hacker and colleagues compared 2 groups of people with Parkinson disease (PD): those who only took medication for their PD and those who combined medications with deep brain stimulation (DBS). Other studies have taken a similar approach, but this study was different because it looked at people who had early PD. Most past studies have focused only on people with moderate or advanced PD. In addition, this study looked at outcomes after 5 years. Most studies are shorter, and do not look at how people do over a long period of time.


Strain recovery measurements under linear heating for Feand Co-based metallic glasses during axial tension of the hydrided crystalline Ni are presented. Using the mechanical, exoelectron emission and X-ray analysis methods the temperature of a start of high-rate strain recovery in metałlic glasses was determined. The important role of the surface layer in the strains recovery processes of crystalline-Ni was shown.


The purpose of this article is to research the continental prototypes for Fujiwara-no Kamatari Biography (the main part of "Toshi Kaden"/"The Fujiwara House Biography"). Kamatari was the key political figure of his time and one of the Japanese statehood fathers. Whereas the Chinese prototypes are well investigated, we could not say so about the Korean ones. However, Kamatari is compared with both Chinese and Korean statesmen. It is for this reason, that the paper focuses on the analysis of the possible Korean prototypes.


Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) is the most major viral pathogens causing of respiratory infection in infants and elderly, and there is no licensed vaccine. This study was designed to prepare virus-like particles(VLPs) consisting of RSV fusing protein(F) or RSV attachment protein(G) and influenza virus matrix protein(M1) by Bac-to-Bac baculovirus expression system, and characterize the immunogenicity and vaccine efficacy of the RSV-F/G VLPs in a mouse model. After purification and confirmed by Western blot and electron microscopy, the RSV-F/G VLPs was used to immunize 4-6 week female Balb/c mice intranasally. Specific viral antibody responses against RSV were observed in the mice. We further studied active immunity, antibodies(IgG, IgG1, IgG2a and sIgA) and cytokines(IL-4 and IFN-γ) response against RSV-A2 viruses in Balb/c mice, and found mice immunized with RSV-F/G VLPs showed robust viral neutralizing antibodies in vitro and significantly decreased lung virus loads in vivo after live RSV-A2 challenge. This study demonstrates that VLP vaccination provides effective protection against RSV infection and should be further confirmed in cotton mouse and monkey model.


This article maps the emergence of a risk–gang nexus in the Swedish correctional field. Using the concept of penal layering, the article analyses the configuration of risk-based practices to manage gang affiliates in the context of Swedish prison and probation services. By introducing the notion interludes of penal layering, this article stresses the synchronic/diachronic opposition in penal change processes and furthers ongoing discussions of the variegated, braided, and uneven patterns of penal change in and beyond Nordic penal institutions. Drawing on interviews with probation officers, prison staff, and other professionals working with gangs in Sweden, the study finds that new rules, practices, decisional hierarchies, and actors have been layered on top of or alongside existing institutional arrangements to manage gang affiliates. This penal layer enforces punitive conditions for incarcerated gang affiliates and creates tensions, agonism, and contradictions between the coexisting and multiple logics of rehabilitation, punishment, and risk in the penal field.


A presentation of simple, but complete, New Classical and New Keynesian models of the economy and business cycles that illustrate the central force behind fluctuations in each. Theoretical and statistical arguments for and against each model are discussed.


A patient with congenital fixation of the stapes by a bony bridge replacing the stapedius tendon is reported. After excision of the bridge the patient's hearing became normal.


We perform fruit counting on video footage by following a two-stage pipeline that consists of detecting the fruits, then tracking them frame-by-frame. Detection is done through the use of You Only Look Once model (YOLO). Bounding boxes are extracted from detection and Non Max Suppression (NMS) is performed to get final detections. The boxes are then input into the tracking pipeline. For tracking, we apply a custom-developed DeepSORT algorithm to work with fruits. Using the box coordinates, every detected object is cropped out of the original image, and a separate feature extraction using a convolutional neural network (CNN) called ResNet is performed on that image crop to get the feature map. New detections are associated with old detections by comparing their features as a distance metric, where two objects with minimal distance are associated together. Input objects with no association are treated as new objects to be tracked. By keeping track of the fruits throughout the video frames, we ensure that we're counting them appropriately when they are first detected. We demonstrate the approach on videos from an apple orchard to test the performance of the proposed pipeline in natural light. Experimental results show high accuracy of fruit counting on real-time video feeds. The new approach can be efficiently applied on any type of fruit and vegetables with no changes in the algorithms.


After reviewing Chickasaw history and archaeology, this paper proposes that bundle burials during the eighteenth century are the result of death away from the village and that the proportion of bundle burials recorded at a Chickasaw village can be related to the amount of external conflict during the time of occupa- tion. An evaluation of data from two archaeological sites and several documentary sources leads to the conclusion that the Chickasaw were at their weakest militarily by the middle part of the eighteenth century. Located in the southwest quadrant of the city of Tupelo in northeast Mis- sissippi, the Meadowbrook site, zzLe9iz,1 is situated on a small ridge and corresponding side slopes overlooking a small tributary of Kings Creek. The surrounding area is known as the Chickasaw Old Fields, the cen- ter of the Chickasaw occupation during most of the eighteenth century. Meadowbrook and most other Chickasaw sites are found in the Black Prairie, a narrow physiographic zone underlain by chalk and character-


The present invention provides a putter, a grip mounted on the putter, and a method of providing information for putting using the same, which is incorporated into the interior of the putter grip, or the like, and manufactured at low cost to provide a user with unburdened and clearly apparent, ease of use. The method provides a useful and effective way for a user to correct his putting swing by delivering a sensory stimulus to the user in the form of different patterns of vibrations for the appropriate speed of the user's club head. The grip mounted on the putter according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a grip body; a detecting sensor for detecting the speed of a club head according to a user's putting swing, mounted on the exterior or the interior of the grip body; a vibration generating unit for generating vibrations according to a plurality of patterns, mounted on the exterior or the interior of the grip body; a control unit for controlling the vibration generating unit which calculates the swing distance corresponding to the speed of the club head detected by the detecting sensor and transmits a vibration according to a specific vibration pattern corresponding to the calculated swing distance.


This paper deals with optimality conditions to solve nonlinear programming problems. The classical Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions are demonstrated through a cone approach, using the well known Farkas' Lemma. These conditions are valid at a minimizer of a nonlinear programming problem if a constraint qualification is satisfied. First we prove the KKT theorem supposing the equality between the polar of the tangent cone and the polar of the first order feasible variations cone. Although this condition is the weakest assumption, it is extremely difficult to be verified. Therefore, other constraints qualifications, which are easier to be verified, are discussed, as: Slater's, linear independence of gradients, Mangasarian-Fromovitz's and quasiregularity


PURPOSE: An apparatus for manufacturing a prestressed concrete structure is provided to construct a prestressed concrete structure effectively and safely by applying stress on a tendon. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus of manufacturing a prestressed concrete structure(10) where a tendon(B) applied with tensile force between a pair of chuck dies(11,12) arranged parallel to each other is installed and fresh concrete between dies is placed/hardened comprises a pair of reaction beam members(13a¯13h) installed to be assembled between the chuck dies(11,12), and a jack member(14) installed to be fixed on the foundation of the reaction beam members(13a¯13h) through a jack housing member(14a) to make the front of an elastic cylinder shaft(14b) in contact with the chuck dies(11,12).


Department of Mobile System EngineeringThis paper presents a new design to make possible impedance-matching by using slotted capacitive coupling between patch and feed line of ground plane. The main idea of proposed antenna is designed for a rectenna and the advantage is that the size of rectenna can be reduced using feed line of the ground plane as CPW when a rectenna is designed. The proposed antenna can obtain higher output voltage as receiving two frequency signals by using dual band antenna as same distance. To achieve this, an interface program between a commercial EM analysis tool and the optimal design program is constructed for implementing the evolution strategy technique that seeks a global optimum of the objective function through the iterative design process consisting of variation and reproduction. The antenna which is presented has good result from simulation and measurement of circular polarization patch antenna. The simulation and measurement of dual band/dual polarization patch antenna proposed have resonance of 2.4㎓ and 3.1㎓


Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be used for atomic and nanoscale surface characterization in both air and liquid environments. AFM is basically used to measure the mechanical, chemical and biological properties of the sample under investigation. AFM contains basically a base-excited microcantilever with nano tip along with a sensing circuit for scanning of images. Design and analysis of this microcantilevers is a challenging task in real time practice. In the present work, design and dynamic analysis of rectangular microcantilevers in tapping mode with tip-mass effect is considered. Computer simulations are performed with both lumped-parameter and distributed parameter models. The interatomic forces between the nano tip mass and substrate surfaces are treated using Lennard Jones (LJ) model and DMT model. The equations of motion are derived for both one-degree of freedom lumped parameter model with squeeze-film damping and distributed parameter model under the harmonic base excitation. Also the nonlinearity of the cantilever is investigated by considering cubic stiffness. The distributed parameter model is simplified with one mode approximation using Galerkin's scheme. The resulting nonlinear dynamic equations are solved using in numerical Runge-Kutta method using a MATLAB program. The natural frequencies of the microcantilever and dynamic response are obtained. Dynamic stability issues are studied using phase diagrams and frequency responses. An experimental work is carried out to understand the variations in dynamic characteristics of a chromium plated steel microcantilever specimen fabricated using wire-cut EDM process. An electrodynamic exciter is attached at the cantilever base and laser Doppler Vibrometer (LDV) is used to provide sensing signal at the oscilloscope. The sine sweep excitation is provided by a signal generator and power amplifier set-up. The frequency response obtained manually is used to arrive-at the natural frequencies and damping factors.


A 6-year-old male with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder who responded poorly to methylphenidate (MPH) was benefited following treatment with the dopamine agonist ropinirole, in a report from the Hopital Robert Debre, Paris, France. Restless legs syndrome and sleep problems were comorbid disorders that were linked to iron deficiency (serum ferritin 10 mcg/L) and partially relieved by a 3-month course of ferrous sulfate. Symptoms of ADHD and oppositional behavior were also improved initially but later relapsed, despite a normal ferritin level (73 mcg/L) and an increased dose ofMPH. Ropinirole (0.25 to 0.5 mg, 90 min before bedtime) resulted in improvements in sleeping habits, ADHD and ODD, control of restless leg movements, and a reduction in the dose of MPH. No adverse effects were observed. (Konofal E, Arnulf I, Lecendreux M, Mouren M-C. Ropinirole in a child with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and restless legs syndrome. Pediatr Neurol May 2005;32:350-351). (Respond: Dr Konofal, Service de Psychopathologie de l'Enfant et de 1'Adolescent, Hopital Robert Debre, 48, bd Serrurier, 75020 Paris, France).


To the editor: In a comprehensive review of the consumption of beverages containing caffeine and its effects,1 I presented misleading information on the relation between tea consumption and cigarette smoking. Analysis of original data from a representative sample of 1883 adults in Ontario showed that, for the whole sample, cigarette smoking and coffee consumption were highly correlated, whereas smoking and tea consumption were unrelated. I concluded that there was no association between cigarette smoking and tea consumption, and discussed the paradox in the use of one caffeine-containing beverage but not the other being correlated with tobacco use. The conclusion was false, as the following reanalysis demonstrates. The upper panel of Fig. 1 shows tea consumption as a function of cigarette smoking for the whole sample and for persons who reported drinking no coffee. The plot for the whole sample was presented in Fig. 4 of my review, but without the indication of standard errors.1 The plot for non-coffee-drinkers in Fig. I stops at 25 cigarettes per day because there were few persons in the remaining categories. The upper panel of


The 21st Spring Conference on Computer Graphics attracted a record number of submissions: 60 papers, covering all aspects of Computer Graphics, were received. After a thorough refereeing process, 20 submissions were accepted as contributed presentations, and 6 additional ones were selected as short papers for the poster session. The fi rst authors of these 26 papers and invited speakers are based in 19 countries: Austria (5), Germany (7), Norway (1), South Korea (1), Czech Republic (3), China (1), France (1), Mexico (1), Slovenia (1), Italy (1), Canada (1), USA (1), United Kingdom (2), Hungary (1), Bosnia and Hercegovina (1), Spain (1), and Slovakia (2). Once again, this conference is a truly international event.


This paper presents for the first time decision fusion for multimodal biometric system using social network analysis (SNA). The main challenge in the design of biometric systems, at present, lies in unavailability of high-quality data to ensure consistently high recognition results. Resorting to multimodal biometric partially solves the problem, however, issues with dimensionality reduction, classifier selection, and aggregated decision making remain. The presented methodology successfully overcomes the problem through employing novel decision fusion using SNA. While several types of feature extractors can be used to reduce the dimension and identify significant features, we chose the Fisher Linear Discriminant Analysis as one of the most efficient methods. Social networks are constructed based on similarity and correlation of features among the classes. The final classification result is generated based on the two levels of decision fusion methods. At the first level, individual biometrics (face or ear or signature) are classified using matching score methodology. SNA is used to reinforce the confidence level of the classifier to reduce the error rate. In the second level, outcomes of classification based on individual biometrics are fused together to obtain the final decision.


THE intent of this paper is to point out certain conditions as they exist in Ontario-and Ontario is certainly no exception to the country at large-with reference to the physician's relation to them as it is, and as it might be. It will be necessary first to consider some sociological data, and to review briefly certain accepted theories and scientifically demonstrated facts regarding the prevalence of tuberculosis. In Canada the death rate from all forms of tuberculosis is one hundred and eighty per hundred thousand of population, according to the census of 1901. This death rate is almost identical with that of England and Wales, and is somewhat lower than that of the United States for the same period, but its percentage, 11X96, of the general mortality is rather higher than in either of these countries. In Ontario the report for 1908 shows a death rate from tuberculosis of one hundred and twelve, a pleasing contrast with that of one hundred and fifty in 1901, while the deaths from tuberculosis were 717 per cent. of the general death rate, as compared with 11 per cent. seven years previously. From 1881 to 1901 the deaths from tuberculosis were from 10 to 11 per cent. of the general mortality. Therefore in Ontario, in so far as figures are available, it seems we have more than confirmed Professor Osler's graphic statement that we to-day run rather less than half the risk of dying of consumption that out grandfathers did, and only about three-fourths the risk our parents did, a statement based upon the fact that eighty years ago consumption caused one-fifth of all deaths, while to-day it causes but one-tenth. We have, however, still to reckon with two thousand five hundred deaths yearly from tuberculosis, a number probably a good deal below the actual mark because of faulty diagnosis and improperly reported death certificates. This discrepancy may be so great that the medical health officer of our largest city is inclined to raise the three hundred and thirty-three reported deaths to five hundrediand seventy-six


The Southern California Edison circuit of the future project is designed to test new hardware and automation technologies for circuit construction. These new technologies should increase reliability and safety of the circuit while keeping costs at or under present designs. The project will install equipment including composite poles, vacuum fault interrupters, distributed generation, a fault current limiter, and advanced capacitor switches. New automation methods are implemented along with fiber and broadband over power line communications. The circuit design is to be completed by June 2005 with construction complete by May 2006


Xiahou Zhan was an important writer in Xi Jin Dynasty.In 276,he was promoted to TaiziSheren.In 278,he was promoted to Shangshulang once again.In 282,he was demoted to Yewangling.During 287 to 288,he became Zhongshushilang and Nanyangxiang.The paper probes into the years of his official experiences and discusses the reasons.


Objective To explore the role of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) and curcumin on chronic exposure to lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inhibition of spinal long-term potentiation(LTP).Methods Rats were intraperitoneally injected with LPS(3 mg/kg),curcumin(300 mg/kg)and curcumin(300 mg/kg)respectively or NS398,which was a selective inhibitor of COX-2(10 mg/kg),combined with LPS(3 mg/kg).The C-fiber evoked field potentials were recorded at the superficial layers of spinal dorsal horn in the lumbar enlargement to observe the effect of curcumin and NS398 on the chronic exposure to LPS-induced inhibition of LTP after 7 days.The expression of COX-2 under different conditions was determined by Western blot method.Results Spinal LTP was significantly attenuated by chronic exposure to LPS and this effect was robustly inhibited by curcumin.But curcumin itself did not affect spinal LTP by tetani.Chronic exposure to LPS-induced inhibition of spinal LTP was reversed by NS398.Elevated expression of COX-2 protein in LPS-treated rats at 7 d after injection was significantly suppressed by NS398 and curcumin respectively.Conclusion Chronic exposure to LPS-induced inhibition of spinal LTP are reversed by curcumin and this effect may be mediated via COX-2.


This is a guide to primary sources at Kalamazoo College - what they are and how to find them. Historical newspapers & magazines


This study was conducted to investigate the set up and running status of school gardening at elementary schools in Jeollabuk-do. Among 416 elementary schools in Jeollabuk-do, 164 schools (39.4%) had school gardens. Ninety-seven schools in cities and 67 in counties had school gardens. The total area and school garden size at schools in Jeollabuk-do were 45,490 ㎡ and 277 ㎡ per school, respectively, as well as 1.6 ㎡ per students. School gardens varied in type, and percentages of outdoor and off-campus gardens were 67.2% and 17.2%, respectively. There were differences in the set up, type of garden, annual operating budget, and participants in school garden programs according to the location (city or county) of the school The installation and automation of facilities in the garden (such as greenhouse, tool shed, resource recycling facility, etc.) were poor. Most schools grew various kinds of plants, including vegetables, crops, ornamentals, and fruits. Teachers most often operated school gardens and taught students. Teachers had difficulty managing school gardens due to absence of knowledge about sustaining gardens. Most respondents reported the need for a school garden training program. Sixty-one percent of schools reported that the garden was used for academic instruction, especially during class. The majority of respondents agreed that school gardens have a positive effect and wanted to increase classes related to school gardens. Accordingly, in order to sustain school gardens and maximize their effects, systematic and customized support is needed that considers the characteristics and circumstances of the school. The facilities and features of the garden should be improved, and the school garden training program for teachers should attempt to reduce the effort required to manage the garden and increase utilization efficiency. In addition, participation of garden coordinators, parents, and community volunteers in managing gardens and implementing garden lessons is required.


q.k = (g, p+2,)df 2 1, ,i'. = (o2df2+ + 2df2 I, s = df+Idf.. 5. A paper giving the above and other developments in particular is to appear in the September (1921) number of the Annals of Mathematics. An article relating to the r6le of invariant elements6 in algebraic orthogonal and boolean invariant theory appeared in the Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, vol. 20 (1919), and a paper containing like theory for invariants of relativity and modular invariants appeared in the same Transactions for the year 1920. Further researches are in progress.


Many computer vision and pattern recognition problems involve the use of finite Gaussian mixture models. Finite mixture model using generalized Dirichlet distribution has been shown as a robust alternative of normal mixtures. In this paper, we adopt a Bayesian approach for generalized Dirichlet mixture estimation and selection. This approach, offers a solid theoretical framework for combining both the statistical model learning and the knowledge acquisition. The estimation of the parameters is based on the Monte Carlo simulation technique of Gibbs sampling mixed with a Metropolis-Hastings step. For the selection of the number of clusters, we used Bayes factors. We have successfully applied the proposed Bayesian framework to model IR eyes. Experimental results are shown to demonstrate the robustness, efficiency, and accuracy of the algorithm.


On the basis of the Dubinin theory of micropore volume filling, a mathematical model of dynamics of pressure swing adsorption processes for synthesis gas separation has been developed. The model takes into consideration the influence of the processes of mass and heat transfer in gas and solid phases on the kinetics of diffusion transfer of adsorbate (carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen) in the adsorbent layer and accounts for all devices included in the process diagram (adsorber, compressor, vacuum pump, valves, throttle, receiver). Numerical studies of the process of separation of synthesis gas and concentration of hydrogen in a four-adsorber unit with granulated zeolite adsorbent 13X were carried out by methods of mathematical modeling: the influence of disturbing influences (composition and temperature of the initial hydrogen-containing gas mixture), regime parameters (cycle duration, pressure at the compressor outlet, pressure at the vacuum pump inlet, backflow coefficient) and design parameters (length of the adsorbent bulk layer and inner diameter of the adsorber) on the purity of the product hydrogen, its recovery rate and productivity of the unit were studied. The most dangerous disturbances and the most effective regime parameters of pressure swing adsorption process of synthesis gas separation were determined. It is established that the increase of temperature from 298 to 323 K and decrease of hydrogen concentration from 68 to 48 % (vol.) in initial gas mixture result in ~10 % lower efficiency of the unit due to the decrease of product hydrogen recovery rate. Practical recommendations on effective choice of operation regimes of an adsorption unit to ensure the achievement of required purity of product hydrogen at the level of 99.99 % (vol.), regardless of the impact of disturbances are formulated.


The time required to reach permeation rate equilibrium after a temperature change, and the long-term rate stability were investigated for fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) and tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) Teflon permeation tubes filled with sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, and dimethyl sulfide. The effect of repeated temperature changes on the repeatability of permeation rates was determined for permeation tubes filled with ammonia, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur compounds. A two-stage process to equilibrium was observed for tubes made of FEP Teflon. Permeation through TFE Teflon requires one fifth the time to reach equilibrium and does not exhibit the same two-stage equilibration process. Long-term stability was good for both FEP and TFE membranes. Permeation rates were reproducible after repeated temperature cycles.


Considered one of two the most wide-spread approaches to the problems of weak signals after detector location, which consists in use so named most powerful criterions. Pointed direction to date remains to be poorly known. The aim of this work is synthesis of locally most powerful criterions of weak signals after detector location for nonGaussian noise models in conditions some types of a priori uncertainty.


An Alzheimer's individual cognitively goes through three stages: Cognitive Normal, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and complete cognitive impairment and finally succumb to death. It is very important to understand all these stages to diagnose the disease at different levels properly. Past studies mainly center on issues of binary classification such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD) vs. Normal Control (NC), MCI vs. AD, NC vs. MCI, or MCI converter (MCIc) vs. MCI non-converter (MCInc). There are less efficient works in Multi-level classification. Multiâlevel diagnosis enables one to use the same algorithm to identify the two classes of diseases, namely MCI and AD and normal, which is impossible with a binary level classification. This helps determine the severity levels of the disease and helps identify the disease at an earlier stage, i.e., at the MCI stage. The training of architecture with AD, MCI, and NC data also improves discriminating non-diseased from diseased ones. The transition from one stage to another is indicated by anatomical changes in the Structural MRI (SMRI). For CNN to learn discriminatory features underlying the disease and identify the brain affected regions that correspond to each level from MRI scans, the algorithm should have the three stages in a single algorithm. So we propose a multi-level classification of AD using cascaded 3D CNN features and Multilayer Perceptron classifier to achieve a ternary classification accuracy of 96.66%, which outperforms state of the art.


Neutrinos are perhaps the least understood of the known denizens of the subatomic world. They have nearly no mass, interact only via the weak nuclear force and gravity, and, perhaps most surprising, the three known species of neutrinos can transform from one variant into another. This transformation, called neutrino oscillation, has been demonstrated only relatively recently and has led to speculation that there might be another, even more mysterious, neutrino variant, called the sterile neutrino. While the sterile neutrino remains a hypothetical particle, it is an interesting one and searches for it are a key research focus of the world's neutrino scientist community.


After reform and opening up drive,the connotation of social security system undergoes a process of evolution in Party's documents.In the Fourth Plenary session of the Twelfth Central Committee,our Party puts for ward the system of social insurance,social welfare and social relief;In the Third Plenary session of the Fourteen Central committee,our Party proposes the system of social insurance,social relief,social welfare,support and social help,personal saving and saving protection.In the Fourth Plenary session of the Sixteen Central Committee,our Party proposes the system of the connection of social insurance,social help,social welfare and charity.In the Seventeenth National congress,our party proposes that the connotation can be summarized as three basic systems,three key systems and two supplementary systems which is the scientific development of its connotation.


Starting from the reality and character of tasks for flood prevention and dispatching of Yangtze River,this paper presents the design and implementation of B/S WebGIS for flood prevention and dispatching of Yangtze River based on integration of ArcGIS Server,ArcSDE and.Net platform.By using the efficient and convenient internet/intranet resources and map operating functions of GIS,the system implements the flood prevention and dispatching globally,timely and visually.


Black-oil simulators are commonly used in petroleum reservoir engineering for the prediction of oil production, especially during the earlier stages of oil-field exploitation, while also serving to guide pressure maintenance strategies in the longer term. Such models account for fluid flow through the porous structure using generalized 2-phase expressions of the Darcy equation combined with appropriate experimentally-determined fluid formation volume factors and solution ratios to implement the effects of fluid compressibility and dissolved species at elevated reservoir pressures. An appropriate, numerically stable, formulation of the black-oil model, based on the oil phase pressure and total fluid velocity, is developed and solved numerically using COMSOL Multiphysics. The Partial Differential Equation (PDE) interface in the general and coefficient forms for time dependent analysis is utilized, along with the appropriate initial and boundary conditions. This work constitutes the first attempt to formulate the actual blackoil scheme in the framework of the COMSOL PDE platform. In this contribution, we present the application of the black-oil model in common oil recovery processes ranging from the natural pressure-driven fluid expansion, solution gas-drive to more elaborate pressure maintenance strategies relying on water-flooding and water-alternating-gas in a typical stratified and anisotropic petroleum reservoir. Figures used in the abstract


Describes a tracking and accommodation system controlled by retinal motion flow. The tracking system decomposes two basic behaviors: smooth-pursuit and vergence. Both behaviors are optical flow based. The eye's accommodation (focusing) is based on a focusing-by-vergence approach combining a flow based vergence process with an off-line pre-calibration of the lens focusing odometry. The focusing and tracking system run in parallel and are both velocity controlled.


One of the most prominent voices of Indian writing in English at present, Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni presents the concept of ' New Woman' in its true colour. She depicts the unending struggle of Indian woman against patriarchy, society and her own family. Her female characters are strong and fearless. The present paper aims to focus at the optimist outlook of Indian woman in her search for self-realization with special reference to Arranged Marriage(1997). Rich or poor, educated or illiterate and married or unmarried, all the women characters of Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni in Arranged Marriage rebel against those who try to suppress their individuality.


The residents involved in this study are patients in the A. Holly Patterson Home in Uniondale, New York, a county nursing home under the jurisdiction of the Department of Welfare, Nassau County, New York. The Home is now functioning a t full capacity with a census of 875 residents. For the first time since its inception in 1960, there is a waiting list. Structurally, there are 40 beds in each unit (ward), for a total of 22 units. There are three parallel four-floor buildings connected with a central hall area, so that each building has a right and left wing (East and West Units). There is an intensive care unit for the treatment of acutely ill patients and a unit for blind patients. In some areas, husbands and wives are allocated private rooms. The services of the Psychiatric Consultation Clinic in Mineola, New York, are part of the multidiscipline approach to the problems, assessment, and care of the aged and infirm population. A clinic psychiatrist is involved with the initial psychiatric examination and diagnosis for all new admissions to the Home. Emergency and routine psychiatric consultations are requested by the medical staff and processed by the clinic, which is in continuous liaison with the medical and nursing personnel. All new patients admitted to the Home are seen in the clinic for an initial psychiatric examination and diagnosis, usually within two or three days after admission. Before thc patient is interviewed, the case history is reviewed. Notes from the referring physician and/or referring hospital are examined. The patient's age and marital status are noted, as are data on relatives and family members regarding involvement with the patient's life style. Then the Unit nurse and other para-personnel such as volunteer workers and aides, are questioned about the patient's behavior, self-care, bowel control and habits. A report is sent to the Home and placed in the patient's ward chart as part of the case history. From early January through April 15, 1967, the data on 81 patients (residents) were reviewed. Follow-up studies varying from four to ten weeks after admission were made on 32 residents and noted on their charts. Of the 81 total, 33 were men and 48 were women. The age variance was 32 years to 98 years. Distribution of the residents by age groups is shown in Table 1. From the psychiatric standpoint, 5 diagnoses were made (1-3). The distribution of cases according to these diagnoses is shown in Table 2.


This article features a review of Davide Castellani's and Antonello Zanfei's book 'Multinational Firms, Innovation and Productivity'. From a description and analysis of its contents, the article set out how it adds to our understanding of the international innovatory activities of multinational firms, and how it may stimulate future research on international R&D.


The main objective of this project is to show on how to blend two parametric curves where the two parametric curves is blended to produce one new curve under certain conditions given. Normally, a Bezier curve is a parametric curve that is frequently used in Computer-Aided Design (CAD) and Computer-Aided Graphic Design (CAGD). Therefore, this kind of curve is selected to be used in this project that will focus on quadratic Bezier curve. Then, this idea on blending two parametric curves is expanded to blend the curves in plane. Furthermore, by this way, we can generate various shapes in three dimensional (3D).


There is presented here an economic model of the Nigerian financial system with a view to determining its liquidity profile using a group of money market instruments (MMIs). The model depicts the liquidity structure of the Nigerian financial system as represented by components of money market instruments which comprised treasury bills (TBs, treasury certificates (TCs), eligible development stocks (EDS), certificate of deposits (CDs), commercial papers (CPs) and banker's acceptance (BAs). Because of the pronounced robustness and high predictive power of the estimated model, it can be used to conduct structural analysis, forecasting, and policy evaluation. The model estimates are based on a time series data of financial system aggregates stretching from 1980 to 2005, and have been used to evaluate impact multipliers and the liquidity rating of the Nigerian financial system using these money market variables. Regression results indicate that commercial papers had the greatest significant impact on bank liquidity (proxy for financial system liquidity) in Nigeria, followed by TCs, EDS and TBs in descending order of magnitude. However, qualitatively, CPs, TCs, CDs and BAs had negative impact on the banking system's liquidity ratio while TBs and EDS had positive effect on bank liquidity ratio. It is therefore recommended greater use of money market instruments that have higher prospects of profitability expectations like CPs, TCs, CDs, BAs in order to mop up excess liquidity prevalent over the years in the Nigerian financial system. This policy action will thereby raise expected profitability obtainable in the Nigerian money markets. It will undoubtedly lead to growth of the economy in the long-run through gross domestic investment (GDI) made from savings mobilized from retained earnings.


Abstract Graph partitioning is an optimization problem that deals with dividing a large geographical transportation network into subnetworks in favor of balancing the workload and minimizing the communication among them. Over the past decades, various models have been developed in such a way to satisfy a multi-objective problem such as delivery time and managerial cost. In real life, because of inevitable changes during network's lifetime, it is vital to offer survivability and resilience in the existence of network failure and disruption. This paper proposes a partitioning technique called Hierarchical recursive progression1+ (HRP1+) that is scalable and can deal with large and complex networks. The HRP1+ method is an extension of the HRP1 algorithm. The approach is tested on benchmark data-sets using different disruption scenarios, including partial and complete disruptions on network edges and nodes.


This chapter reviews the origins of, and contemporary trends in, feminist ethnographies of crime and deviance to highlight how these works have shaped the broader field of criminology. First, this chapter underlines how the Chicago School, post-World War II, facilitated the growth of ethnographies on crime and deviance. Second, it traces the influence of second-wave feminisms and Black feminisms on criminology that challenged White masculinist modes of knowledge production. Next, contemporary works that examine carceral institutions, their collateral consequences, and stigmatized groups are considered for their potential to advance understandings of crime, deviance, and victimization. The chapter concludes by offering directions for future research and a discussion on the policy implications and radical potential of feminist ethnographies of crime and deviance.


This bibliography provides information on semiconductor thermal characteristics, measurement techniques and results, management techniques, hardware applications, modeling and computational techniques, and other pertinent information.


Considerable numbers of glass, ceramic and non-ceramic insulators strings are used on transmission and distribution overhead lines. Defects that commonly occur on this type of high voltage equipment are often associated with the presence of the corona discharges or gap discharges and therefore could be diagnosed using the electromagnetic signature of such phenomena. The paper investigates the correlation of the Radio Interference Voltage (RIV) measured in a standard CISPR circuit to the emitted radio frequency disturbance received by a high frequency electric field isotropic probe, placed in different locations around the insulator string under test. The results show that the radio frequency emission is strongly correlated to the RIV level, i.e. to the disturbing current injected by the discharge in the line conductor, confirming the possibility to develop a remote sensing diagnosis technique based on RF emission.


A comparison of standard platinum resistance thermometers (SPRTs) has been carried out between the BIPM and the Laboratoire commun de métrologie LNE-CNAM using the melting point of gallium and the triple point of water. The temperature difference at Ga between the BIPM and the LNE-CNAM was determined as 108 µK with an associated combined standard uncertainty of 223 µK. This outcome indicates a present temperature difference of the BIPM of −65 µK with respect to an Average Reference Value from an earlier comparison, with an associated uncertainty of uc = 262 µK. It should be noted that the present BIPM scale is not independent, but traceable to cells used in KC7. The comparison results validate the re-establishment of thermometer calibrations at the BIPM for internal use. Main text. To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/. The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCT, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (MRA).


In this paper we present a number of algorithms for two-dimensional (2-D) adaptive beamforming with planar array antennas. These are: (1) the 2-D LMS, (2) the 2-D Howells-Applebaum algorithm, and (3) the 2-D QRD-LS algorithm. In the latter case we also present an architecture for a systolic array processing. The derivation of the first two algorithms is based on the classical methods of gradient descent and control-loop, respectively, which were developed initially for 1-D arrays. The relationship between the 2-D and 1-D adaptive arrays will be discussed. The concept of 2-D eigenvector beams is also presented. The paper shows that an eigenbeam for a 2-D array can be formed by using two independent 1-D eigenbeams which are operating on row / and column m of the array. As a consequence, this leads to the introduction of a 3-D systolic array for performing the QRD-LS minimization. When the data flow is in time-skewed format, adaptations along rows and columns of the 2-D array can be carried out simultaneously.


Only a handful of employers have complied with Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement no. 106, Employers' Accounting for Postretirement Benefits Other Than Pensions. The statement disallows cash basis and terminal accrual approaches and requires employers to accrue retirees' health and other postretirement benefits. (For a detailed explanation of Statement no. 106, see "The New FASB 106: How to Account for Postretirement Benefits," by James R. Wilbert and Kenneth E. Dakdduk, JofA, Aug.91, pages 36-41.) All publicly held companies and private organizations with more than 500 postretirement plan participants have until 1993 to act on Statement no. 106; private employers with 500 or fewer participants have until 1995. In fact, most employers have not decided yet how to handle a key element of the statement: transition obligation, the technical term for the present value of the benefits obligation for current retirees and employees eligible for benefits at retirement. For some employers that transition obligation totals billions of dollars. General Motors Corp., for example, recently estimated its obligation at between $16 billion and $25 billion. Before acting on Statement no. 106, however, employers must address some difficult questions that require financial, actuarial and accounting policy analysis. ln this article, Murray S. Akresh, a director in the Coopers & Lybrand actuarial, benefits and compensation group, outlines some of the major questions that employers face. WHEN TO TAKE THE CHARGE The first question every employer must resolve is timing: Should it move quickly to adopt Statement no. 106 or wait until the last minute? A recent study by benefits consultant A. Foster Higgins & Co. showed about 12% of the businesses with a 1993 deadline adopted the statement before the end of last year. Many were large companies wanting to get bad financial news behind them. For example, International Business Machines Corp. took a hit against $2.3 billion in earnings, and General Electric Co. wrote off $1.8 billion. Others were companies wanting to offset gains: Abbott Laboratories accelerated a $125 million writeoff for Statement no. 106 last year for accounting purposes to mitigate a large gain from a sale during the year. Some companies, such as American Telephone & Telegraph Co., Ford Motor Co. and Chrysler Corp., also moved swiftly last year-not to adopt Statement no. 106 and take the writeoff but to disclose their anticipated transition obligations. They were complying with Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin no. 74, Disclosure of the Impact that Recently Issued Accounting Standards Will Have on the Financial Statements of the Registrant When Adopted in a Future Period, which requires public companies to reveal potential impacts of FASB pronouncements not yet in effect and to report them in SEC filings. "For that reason we should start seeing a lot more footnote disclosures of the dollar impact of 106," Akresh says. NOW TO TAKE THE CHARGE A company must resolve whether the writeoff should be recognized immediately or amortized over the average remaining service period of plan participants, which for most employers will be about 20 years. The lump-sum or spread-it-out decision can't be put off long. It's a one-time election, however, and an employer choosing amortization is stuck with that approach for the next 20 years. "To get the information needed to make such a long-term decision requires that an employer do some indepth planning-actuarial and financial," Akresh says. WHAT ASSUMPTIONS TO MAKE Most of the assumptions required by Statement no. 106 are highly subjective, and they drive the decisions on how and how much a company should account for future retirees' health-care costs. In addition to relying on actuarial forecasts on the number of eligible retirees and their longevity, accountants must work with their actuaries to determine the cost of future health care and the discount rate used to determine the present value of the transition obligation. …


ISMAIL HAKKI KADI, Ottoman and Dutch Merchants in the Eighteenth Century: Competition and Cooperation in Ankara, Izmir, and Amsterdam (The Ottoman Empire and its Heritage 50; Leiden: Brill, 2012). Pp. 352. $ 176.00 cloth.Although the term is hardly encountered (once in the introduction and twice in the conclusions) and does not figure in either the title or the main text, the book under discussion is actually about the Avrupa tiiccan, or "Europe merchants," the early nineteenth-century Ottoman administrative innovation set up "to promote the international trade of the Ottoman subjects by providing them with fiscal and juridical privileges comparable to the capitulatory privileges of European merchants." More precisely, it is about the historiography of the institution and the dearth of evidence and abundance of assmnptions underlying it. Author ismail Hakki Kadi succeeds in confronting these with an abundance of new and concrete evidence and a minimum of assumptions. The result is a highly detailed and calmly logical rewriting of the history of eighteenth-century Ottoman-European trade and a cleareyed analysis of the distribution of power and agency within it that is at once original and convincing.In his introduction, Kadi is careful not to set up a straw man standard account to counter. Instead, he details the various arguments, theories and discussions that have dominated the historiography of the subject and how they relate to each other-where they are problematic individually and as part of the overall historiographical structure. A review offers no such room, so allow me to grab some straw... "Although most authors recognize the crucial role played by non-Muslim Ottoman subjects in this trade, they have treated their activities mainly as supplemental to the activities of European merchants, and confined to occupations like brokerage, money lending, interpreting, and domestic trade" (p. 8). "Conventional interpretations of the role of the Ottoman merchants [ascribe] a compradore nature to their activities" (p. 5). "For Ottoman merchants the term compradore was thus used with the assumption that their economic activities were detrimental to the Ottoman economy" (p. 6). "Historians studying this institution have considered the establishment of the Avrupa tiiccari to be a consequence of competition between the European embassies and the Ottoman government for selling berats to Ottoman merchants" (p. 4). "Forming an important part of the economic and political agenda of the Young Turks and the Turkish Republic, the attempt to create a national entrepreneurial class-or national bourgeoisie-was, on the one hand, a result of the assumed detrimental impact of the non-Muslim bourgeoisie during the preceding periods, and on the other hand, it reproduced the critical approach to these classes" (p. 7).It is apparent that such culturally and politically potent Marxian lines of reasoning, if not explicitly dominant anymore, are at least (alas!) still integral to the discours on Ottoman-European economic relations and their institutional contexts, sometimes explicitly but often implicitly. Fortunately Kadi (whom I personally know to be a document buff) does not aim for the chimerical wings of this windmill by responding in theoretical kind and launching into the umpteenth contest for theoretical mastery. On the contrary, he goes straight for the windmill's foundations with an impressive array of falsifying evidence culled from the Ottoman and Dutch archives-in the end lightly reconnecting his findings and interpretations to neoMarxian theory to suggest substantial changes to the eighteenth-century stretch of Immanuel Wallerstein's analysis of world-systems development and the passive Ottoman role in it. So what are his findings, how did he come about them, and how does he organize and present them?Before anything, it should be noted that the structure of Kadi's the argument has developed significantly from that of his 2008 Leiden doctoral dissertation ("Natives and Interlopers: Competition between Ottoman and Dutch Merchants in the 18th century") on which the current work is based. …


Nowadays,more and more technological trade barriers have been set up on aquatic products.The main import countries such as Japan,America all have strict standards on quality and hygiene examination of the products and the authentication of processing enterprises.To succeed in breaking though these barriers,the aquatic products processing enterprises should take measures on links such as raw material,processing etc.The following advice can be consulted by the enterprises: establishing steady relation with the raw materials suppliers,carrying on effective control in the processing course,setting up complete checking department,and paying attention to the packaging and label of the products.


With the development of RGB-D sensors, a new alternative to generation of 3D maps is appeared. First, features extracted from color and depth images are used to localize them in a 3D scene. Next, Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm is used to align RGB-D frames. As a result, a new frame is added to the dense 3D model. However, the spatial distribution and resolution of depth data affect to the performance of 3D scene reconstruction systems based on ICP. In this paper we propose to divide the depth data into sub-clouds with similar resolution, to align them separately, and unify in the entire points cloud. The presented computer simulation results show an improvement in accuracy of 3D scene reconstruction using real indoor environment data.


Rice cultivar M1001 was treated with different concentrations of Carbendazim. The seeds were allowed to germinate for 14days and then analysed for morphological and biochemical parameters. The biochemical parameters like chlorophyl1 a, reducing sugar, free amino acids were significantly reduced where as chlorophyl1b,total chlorophyl1 and total carbohydrate content increased with the increase concentration of carbendazim. The study also revealed that the morphological parameters like percentage seed germination, seedling length,and vigour index reduced at higher concentration of carbendazim while electrical conductivity increased with increased concentration of carbendazim.


In a history of the federal income tax during the nineteen-sixties, the substantive ruling of Knetsch v. United States' will hardly rate so much as a short footnote. Legislation in 19542 made the ingenious tax-saving scheme with which the case dealt largely ineffective; only a relatively small number of taxpayers were sufficiently venturesome orfoolhardy to embark on it before that date; and of these some were cautious enough to seek the protection of favorable rulings by the Internal Revenue Service, which, in retrospect, seem to have been imprudently granted.8 Nevertheless, the case is worthy of attention. For in our income-tax system, the courts have exercised a major role in coping with the inventiveness of tax advisers who seek to shape transactions along lines that, they hope, will minimize tax liabilities while disturbing the economic position of their clients as little as possible. How the courts hould


concern with curriculum, would be interested in learning more about the actual content of the Highlander lessons. Despite these weaknesses, the book is enjoyable to read and is a major contribution to our understanding and appreciation of what a character in the film Northern Lights calls our "rebel roots." Indeed, Highlander provides a fascinating example of how individual educators can play a significant role in the cause of freedom and social justice. If, as Myles Horton declared, "Highlander is an idea" (p. 173) more than it is a place, it is an idea that deserves our continued attention: how education can best serve to promote fundamental social, economic, and political change that leads to a more democratic and humane society.


Research interest in natural raw materials is rapidly growing due to the high demand for natural products like herbal teas. Their quality control has a direct impact on safety and efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of sample's mass and temperature on moisture content in Camellia sinensis (Black tea), Cassia fistula (Senna), Chamaemelum nobile (Chamomille), Lippia alba (Juanilama) and Tilia platyphyllos (Linden) with a gravimetric method developed through a full factorial 32 DoE. A response optimizer was executed in order to establish the test conditions that allow obtaining a response according to a target value from a certified method. DoE's ANOVA shows reproducibility for Camellia sinensis, Cassia fistula, and Lippia alba. Also, the method's model is able to explain the response variability for all samples based on the R2 (adj). The composite desirability for the proposed conditions of analysis for the five herbal materials is satisfactory according to each target value. However, the lack of reproducibility in Chamaemelum nobile and Tilia platyphyllos and also, the response prediction problems according to the R2 (pred) for Cassia fistula and Chamaemelum nobile, suggest the execution of further studies for them. Therefore, the present method is considered to be adequate for the analysis of moisture content in Camellia sinensis and Lippia alba raw herbs.


A new double perovskite Mn2MnTeO6 has been obtained by high pressure phase transformation of a corundum-related precursor. It is antiferromagnetic below 36 K and develops a magnetic structure with magnetic moments of 4.8 μB and 3.8 μB for Mn2+ at the A and B sites respectively. This new polymorph accounts for a recently reported decrease in the bandgap of Mn3TeO6 under pressure that may lead to useful light-harvesting properties.


Recently Vehicle's black box for accident analysis is mainly based on the camera that images are stored. However the issues such as sudden unintended acceleration type are insufficient for analysis. Because of the information collected by various sensors on the basis of analysis will be available is a vehicle accident. This paper will show how to build a system get the basic information to monitor and collect data for the analysis of vehicle accidents caused by internal defects.


Aims. We determine the number density and area contribution of small-scale inter-granular Ca II bright G -band structures in images of the quiet Sun as tracers of kilo-Gauss magnetic flux-concentrations. Methods. In a $149\arcsec\,\times\,117\arcsec$ G -band image of the disk center at the activity minimum, 7593 small inter-granular structures were segmented with the "multiple-level tracking" pattern recognition algorithm. The scatterplot of the continuum versus the G -band brightness shows the known magnetic and non-magnetic branches. These branches are largely disentangled by applying an intrinsic Ca II H excess criterion. The thus obtained 2995 structures contain 1152 G -band bright points (BP) and 1843 G -band faint points (FP). They show a tendency toward increasing size with decreasing G -band excess, as expected from the "hot wall" picture. Their Ca II H and G -band brightness are slightly related, resembling the known relation of Ca II and magnetic field strength. The magnetic flux density of each individual BP and FP is estimated from their G -band brightness according to MHD model calculations. Results. The entity of BP and FP covers the total FOV with a number density of 0.32 / Mm 2 and a total area contribution of 2.0%. Their individual calibrations yield a mean flux density of 20 Mx/cm 2 in the entire FOV and 13 Mx/cm 2 for inter-network regions.


The literature on the musics of the peoples of Afghanistan is recent and small. Due to the cross-regional setting, Afghanistan's music cultures and literature overlap with three neighboring zones: the Iranian, the Central Asian, and the South Asian. The citations in this article are only for modern Afghanistan proper. European travelers described Kabul's 19th-century court music and offered stray, casual accounts of folk musics. But the kingdom was not open to Western researchers until the 1950s. Only a few scholars were able to complete fieldwork before the tragic cycle of invasions and wars began in 1979. Massive dislocation and destruction eroded social customs and networks, cultural monuments, and sources. For music, the worst period was under the rule of the Taliban (1996–2001), who actively suppressed music, which survived mainly in clandestine domestic performance and public religious/propaganda formats. The post-2001 situation saw revival of traditions, but no new literature on music, with the notable exception of the historical survey Sarmast 2009 (cited under General Overviews). As a result of this turbulent history, nearly all the writing on the topic comes from the pens of only five scholars: John Baily, Veronica Doubleday, Hiromi Lorraine Sakata, Felix Hoerburger, and Mark Slobin. Sakata, Baily, Doubleday, and Sarmast assisted with the preparation of this article.


Site fidelity, initial orientation and homing performance were studied in the natterjack toad Bufo calamita near Bonn, Western Germany, during three breeding periods. Capture-mark-recapture experiments demonstrated that most males stayed within areas of about 0.5 km2 during the whole study period. If rainfall provided ephemeral ponds suitable as spawning sites within these areas, local males advertised the position of the ponds by calling. Homeward orientation and homing success of displaced males showed that males were strictly attached to a pond once chosen for several days. The paths of individuals were registered using a mechanical tracking device. However, displaced reproductive females did not return to the breeding pond, if another pond with calling males was less distant from the release site. The initial orientation of untreated males towards their home pond remained unaffected by the presence or absence of a guiding breeding chorus at the home pond. Not even breeding choruses at other nearby sit...


Recent U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory strategy documents have suggested the need for research in human-agent teaming. Teaming supports a dynamic shift in roles between the human and the agent, depending upon human performance and mission needs. Further, because the performance of these agents will be highly dependent upon the state of the human and the mission, this strategy suggests the need for increased use of modeling to provide a broader understanding of the automated agents' behavior. This thesis applies a combination of static modeling in SysML activity diagrams, dynamic modeling of human and agent behavior in IMPRINT, and human experimentation in a dynamic, event-driven environment. The dynamic models and human experiments are used to understand the effects of agent delay time on human behavior, performance, and workload, as well as team dynamics. The models and experiments illustrate that agent delay time has a significant effect upon team behavior, performance, and the roles assumed by the human and agent. Therefore, it is proposed that the consequences of agent timing are significant in the context of human agent teaming and that models, which incorporate the human and agent within a common modeling environment, can be useful in understanding this effect.


The modular multilevel DC-DC converter (MMDC) is a promising solution for the interconnection of MVDC distribution systems with LVDC ports. Due to the symmetric structure and operation scheme, the MMDC is normally only capable of operating with monopole MVDC distribution systems. This paper proposes a bipolar operation scheme of the MMDC. Based on the concept of the flux dc-bias cancellation, a center-tapped high-frequency interface transformer is employed on the MV side of the MMDC. A dedicated operation method is proposed, whereby the power flows of the two MVDC poles can be manipulated independently with a simple control scheme. Compared to the conventional MMDC with monopole operation, no additional component is required and no penalty of increased current rating is imposed on the semiconductor devices or the interface transformer. Moreover, a single-pole operation is also possible with the proposed operation scheme. If the valves of one pole are faulty, it can be isolated from the main converter for maintenance while the MMDC can continue operation without interruption and deliver at least 50% of the rated power capacity. Hence, the reliability and availability of the power delivery can be significantly enhanced. The validity of the proposed bipolar operation scheme of the MMDC has been verified by both simulations and experiments with a down-scale prototype.


Method for processing cryptographically data using a circuit or a processor, comprising feeding, to a cryptographic process (P), values, including the data (X) and a key (K), and the execution of the process (P) to form cryptographically processed output data (Y), characterized in that feed to the process (P), auxiliary values a (K *, A0, ..., A0 + 1, B0, ..., Bn) to mask values, including (K) key, used in the process (P) and that is offset, by an auxiliary process, the influence of the auxiliary values on the output data (Y).


A French observational study in real life showed that dementia patients benefiting from occupational therapy sessions report relevant clinical benefits over the intervention period, according to a research study published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease this month. The research suggested the influence of occupational therapy on reducing behavioral troubles, caregivers' burden and amount of informal care over the intervention period and a stabilization over the 3-months period thereafter


Objective: To understand the associated risk factors in the progression of Diabetic Kidney Disease among the Type 2 Diabetes individuals living in the state of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry. Research design and methods: Clinical and socio-demographic data was collected, digitized, and analyzed for 482 participants diagnosed either with Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) or Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). The study was analyzed by using descriptive statistical analysis SAS version 9.4. Results: Out of 482 participants, 422 fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Gender, age, T2D duration, and comorbidity are the major risk factors that are found to be associated with DKD in population understudy. We also found inclination towards usage of insulin among DKD participants rather than oral diabetic medications. Metformin (Biguanides) was the most used oral diabetic medication among the T2D participants followed by DPP-4 inhibitors and Sulphonylureas. Conclusion: Together, these data describe the risk pattern among participants diagnosed with DKD at regional level that is integral in early and proper management of the disease. Keywords: Diabetic Kidney Disease, Diabetic Medications, Insulin, Risk factors, Type 2 Diabetes


Cyclophosphamide(CY) is commonly considered as an anticancer drug,and an immunosuppressive agent.The research advances of the effects of cyclophosphamide on immune system were reviewed.


Remote device sharing to thin-client has now become a challenging and interesting field of study in computing technology. At present, thin clients run on protocols such as X-11, RDP, VNC which have only limited support for devices other than keyboard and mouse. The present literature does not reveal sufficient information to support such peripheral devices to thin clients. In this paper, we proposed an unique device support mechanism called "Universal extension of USB bus over IP network" for thin-clients. It allows the users to access the USB devices under constrained network bandwidth without adding any device specific driver to thin client.


To utilize the active function of database, it achieves an interface between the network layer and analysis layer, and improves the processing capability of IDS to near real-time intrusion detection. The paper describes the structure of active database systems functions, applies it in IDS, establishes two layers intrusion detection architecture, and some active functions are analyzed and enumerated at the end.


This research is intended to develop Javanese local curriculum document focused on growing students' literacy culture in Javanese subject. Javanese local curriculum focusing on literacy is aimed to meet the demand of teacher in increasing learning quality. The growth of Java literacy culture is the foundation of students' Javanese attitude. This research employed qualitative approach. Then, the research procedures used are from Borg and Gall education research which had been modified. The collecting data method was obtained on developing curriculum and learning process. This research was done through 2014/2015—2015/2016. Furthermore, the instrument and data collecting technique were adjusted with the information needed. Data validation was done by the expert validator and the collaborator. The subjects of this research were students of junior high school at Lamongan region as a little scale experiment and as broad scale experiment. The result of this research was the local content of Javanese curriculum document based on literacy. It was completed with learning tool mode (syllabus, learning plan, worksheet, and manual assessment sheet) and students' literacy culture that grew as an effect of developing curriculum based on literacy. The students experienced language attitude change and were able to produce works anthology, such as narrative "Kembang Mayang" and poetry "Sekar Rinonce". Keywords—local content curriculum; Javanese; literacy; culture literacy; text; language attitude


Impaction and distraction injuries have different characteristic appearances on MR Images. Impaction causes bone marrow edema. On MR images, trabecular contusion has the appearance of bone marrow edema. Ligament damage is a common and important distraction injury, with numerous MRI manifestations. A prospective study consisting of 50 patients with traumatic knee joint is undertaken to study the spectrum of MRI findings in all consecutive cases of knee trauma referred from orthopaedic OPD. Out of 50 patients studied, 18 (64.3%) patients were exposed for both Lachman's test and ACL tear. In 10 (35.7%) patients ACL tear were not suspected clinically on Lachman's test but were detected on MRI.


Poly(p-phenylene/pyrrole) (PPP-PPY) films were electrochemically synthesised on transparent indium-tin-oxide-covered glass (ITO) electrodes. The presence of two monomers, p-phenylene and pyrrole, in the polymerisation medium facilitated the synthesis process, yielding electroactive, uniform and stable films. In order to obtain materials with improved quality, PPP, PPY and PPP-PPY films were prepared in a mild, dry atmosphere. The morphological, electrochemical and optical properties were compared for different films obtained by varying the number of cycles with and without controlling humidity.


Nowadays vitamin D deficiency has become the widely investigational topic as the role of vitamin D deficiency has been identified in various disorders besides its worldwide known skeletal side effects. Chronic vitamin D deficiency in adults results in osteomalacia, osteoporosis, muscle weakness. Recent researches had also linked vitamin D deficiency with the increased risk of developing tuberculosis, otitis media, upper respiratory tract infections and influenza and many other infections. 12 Its deficiency has also linked with the increased risk of developing hypertension, diabetes, obesity and high triglyceride level ultimately leading to increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Researchers have shown epidemiological association of vitamin D deficiency and type1 diabetes. A meta-analysis of observational studies showed a 30% reduction in risk of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children receiving vitamin D supplements.


UCLA Library Special Collections has built in-depth collections that reflect trends in arts and architecture in the Los Angeles region, especially as the metropolitan area grew during the Modernist movement.


Are perceived increases in symptom severity in college counseling center clients real or imagined? Counseling center staff, retrospectively, reported that client problems are more severe now than in the past. Yet studies examining client distress levels at intake have found no significant increases. This study examined counseling center client problems across 13 years from the perspective of the treating therapist at the time of case closure. Increases were found for 14 of 19 client problem areas, whereas other areas retained stable levels, and 2 problem areas had a quadratic trend over time. These changes directly affect counseling service practices.


Abstract : The work presents data on the results of studies of the properties of KCa lubricants prepared from spindle and machine distillates of group 2 emba petroleum. Oils with various degrees of purification were prepared from each distillate. The characteristics of the distillates and oils are presented. (Author)


SUMMARY The deca-peptide (TKII-10) was found to have significant anti-angiogenic effect after direct injection into the eye. We attempted to prepare a sustained release formulation of TKII-10 based on the multivesicular liposome structure. Their in vitro and in vivo release profiles and activities were evaluated. INTRODUCTION Therapeutic proteins and peptides administered are often cleared rapidly in vivo and therefore need to be injected frequently in order to maintain therapeutic levels. Various types of liposome formulations had been examined for sustained release of proteins and peptides including multivesicular liposomes [1, . A unique feature of the multivesicular system is that the vesicles contain discontinuous internal aqueous chambers bounded by a continuous non-concentric network of lipid membranes, rendering a higher aqueous volume-to-lipid ratio for higher loading capacity. The deca-peptide (named TKII-10) was developed based on the Arg-Trp sequence of human t-PA kringle 2. It had been shown to have significant anti-angiogenic effect after direct injection into the eye . But it required frequent injection in order to achieve therapeutic efficacy . Therefore we would like to develop a sustained delivery formulation of the peptide and examine their in vitro and on vivo behaviors. EXPERIMENTAL METHODS The multivesicular liposome particles containing TKII10 were prepared based on the typical two-step double emulsification process developed by Kim et al [5, , with a slight modification. Briefly, 1 mL chloroform containing the lipids (molar ratio HSPC: cholesterol: DPPG: triolein, 5:8:1:1) was emulsified for 3 min (10,000 rpm) with 1 mL aqueous solution (the first aqueous solution) containing 82mg TKII-10 and 4% sucrose (w/v), to obtain a waterin-oil emulsion (the first emulsion). A subsequent emulsification for 5 s (7,500 rpm) with a second aqueous solution, 8 mL of 4% glucose (w/v) /20 mM lysine resulted in a 'water-in-oil-in-water' double emulsion (the second emulsion). The second emulsion was transferred and added to another aliquot of the aqueous solution in a 100 ml Egg type flask. Chloroform was removed by flushing the surface of the mixture at 37 °C with nitrogen for approximately 15 min. The resultant multivesicular liposomes were harvested by centrifugation for 10 min at 1000 ×g and washed twice with PBS (phosphate-buffered saline) to remove unencapsulated TKII-10. After washing, the particle pellet fraction was resuspended by adding an equal volume of PBS. The whole progress should be kept in sterile environment. All multivesicular liposomes were examined using an Olympus BX61 optical microscopy, and the Malvern Mastersizer 2000 particle sizer. The TKII-10 concentration in MVLs was determined by Waters UPLC & AB SCIEX SelexION Triple Quad 5500 system. The encapsulation efficiency was calculated with the following equation: En (%) = (1Dfree/Dtot) × 100% RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Multivesicular liposomes containing TKII-10 were prepared according to the standard double-emulsion method. The preparations were highly reproducible, usually yielding MVL with similar size distributions and encapsulation efficiencies. A typical particle size distribution profile was shown in Figure 1. The MVL had a size distributions ranging from 7 μm to 30 μm in diameter. The median size was approximately 14 μm and the encapsulation efficiencies was about 86%. Figure 1. Particle size distribution of TKII-10 MVL. A significant advantage of the MVL formulations is its high drug loading capacity. Compared with conventional liposomes, which often have limited encapsulation for hydrophilic proteins, the MVL offered a much larger internal space and had higher encapsulation efficiencies. Triolein was used as a hydrophobic space filler to stabilize the junctions . The in vitro release profile of these MVL particles were assayed at 37°C in 0.5 ml PBS to simulate the environment inside the eye (Figure 2). The duration of release from MVL (7 μm–30 μm) could last for more than 20 days. There was an initial burst release during the first three days and the release rate slowed down and was quite consistent afterwards. Further optimization would be helpful to tune the release profile for therapeutic applications. Figure 2. TKII-10 in vitro release profiles from MVL (4°C and 37°C) in PBS at various incubation time points. n=3. Mean±SD. CONCLUSION In summary, we demonstrated that TKII-10 MVL formulation can achieve high encapsulation efficiency, good stability and sustained release profile. Further optimization is needed in order to develop a clinically valuable sustained release formulation of TKII-10. REFERENCES 1 Lajavardi, L., et al. A. New formulation of vasoactive intestinal peptide using liposomes in hyaluronic acid gel for uveitis. J Control Release, 139 (1) (2009) 22-30. 2 Shen, Y., et al. Multivesicular liposome formulations for the sustained delivery of ropivacaine hydrochloride: preparation, characterization, and pharmacokinetics. Drug Deliv, 18 (5) (2011) 361-366. 3 Su, L., et al. In vitro and in vivo antiangiogenic activity of a novel deca-peptide derived from human tissue-type plasminogen activator kringle 2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 396 (2010) 1012-1017. 4 Mishra, G. P., et al. Recent applications of liposomes in ophthalmic drug delivery. J Drug Deliv, 2011 (2011) 863734. 5 Kim S, et al. Preparation of multivesicular liposomes. Biochim Biophys Acta, 728 (1983) 339–348. 6 Mantripragada S. A lipid-based depot (DepoFoam technology) for sustained release drug delivery. Prog Lipid Res, 41 (2002) 392–406. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would like to thank Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, affiliated of Shanghai Jiao Tong University for providing TKII-10.


Objective To study the effect of immune regulation of the rat Sertoli cells in testis infection. Methods UU and Escherichia coli (E.coli) were injected into the bladders of rats, which mimic the ascending infection pathway, culture medium injection was used as control. After 1, 2, and 3 weeks respectively, Sertoli cells were separated and obtained from rat testis. RT PCR was used to examine the different levels of IL 1, IL 6 mRNA among control ,UU and E.coli infected groups. Results Compared with control, in UU group, the level of IL 1 mRNA was significantly increased at 1, and 2 weeks, but were significantly decreased at 3 weeks; the level of IL 6 mRNA was significantly decreased at 1 and 2 weeks, but were significantly increased at 3 weeks. In E.coli group, the level of IL 1mRNA was significantly increased at 1 week, slightly increased at 2 weeks, but significantly decreased at 3 weeks; the level of IL 6 mRNA was significantly increased at 1 week, slightly decreased at 2 weeks, significantly increased again at 3 weeks. Conclusion Sertoli cell could play a role of immune regulation, with the expression of IL 1, IL 6mRNA, in the infection of testis in rat. [


This paper considers the defences against anxiety of both parents and daycare workers which impede thought about how to provide a high quality of daycare for young children. It shows how attachment theory can provide a structure for thinking about children's experiences in daycare and uses infant and child observations to illustrate this. It makes proposals for developing practice to provide both 'good enough' and therapeutic daycare.


In the past decade there has been considerable positive change regarding the civil rights and liberties of those from lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) communities. For example, the decriminalisation of homosexuality, the recent recognition of marriage and civil partnerships in some European, American and North and South American and Australasian countries, as well as the passing of anti-discriminatory laws that support equality. While these positive changes are welcomed there are areas that remain a challenge for LGBTI individuals and communities


Bank branches in New York City tend to be spatially clustered. For instance, of the 221 branches that were opened in New York City between July, 1990 and June, 1995, 181 (or 82 percent) were opened in census tracts that already had at least one other branch. A number of recent theoretical papers have highlighted the possibility of rational herding in various arenas of economic activity. This paper explores empirically whether the apparent clustering of bank branches can be at least partially attributed to rational herding by banks. We find that even after controlling for the expected profitability of operating a branch in an area, branch openings follow other, existing branches. Moreover, such bandwagon behavior appears to reduce branch profits. These findings, combined, suggest that herd behavior may be a factor in the branch location decisions of banks.


Crystallization of Co(ii) and Ni(ii) complexes with a 3-imidazoline nitroxide derivative from a mixture of MeOH and EtOH (1 : 10) leads to the formation of complexes with an ordered alternation of supramolecular MeOH- and EtOH-containing layers.


The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential network of arsenic trioxide (ATO) target genes in pancreatic cancer. The DrugBank, STITCH, cBioPortal, Kaplan-Meier plotter and Oncomine websites were used to analyze the association of ATO and its target genes with pancreatic cancer. Initially, 19 ATO target genes were identified, along with their associated protein‐protein interaction networks and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways. ATO was found to be associated with multiple types of cancer, and the most common solid cancer was pancreatic cancer. A total of 6 ATO target genes (namely AKT1, CCND1, CDKN2A, IKBKB, MAPK1 and MAPK3) were found to be associated with pancreatic cancer. Next, the mutation information of the 6 ATO target genes in pancreatic cancer was collected. A total of 20 ATO interacting genes were identified, which were mainly involved in hepatitis B, prostate cancer, pathways in cancer, glioma and chronic myeloid leukemia. Finally, the genes CCND1 and MAPK1 were detected to be prognostic factors in patients with pancreatic cancer. In conclusion, bioinformatics analysis may help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of ATO in pancreatic cancer, enabling more effective treatment of this disease. Introduction Pancreatic cancer is one of the most aggressive malignancies worldwide, with a mortality rate that is nearly equal to its incidence rate (1). Pancreatic cancer is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in the US by 2030 (2). Despite advances in diagnostic and therapeutic strategies over the past years, the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer remains unsatisfactory, with a 5-year survival rate of <8.5% (3). Pancreatic cancer has become one of the major public health concerns worldwide. In order to improve the treatment of pancreatic cancer, it is necessary to elucidate the pathological mechanism underlying its development, identify a drug-based framework and investigate the functional mechanisms involved. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has been reported to be an effective therapeutic agent for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) (4). It has been reported that ATO can induce molecular remission, as well as prolong the overall survival of patients with APL (5,6). Combined treatment with retinoic acid (RA) and ATO has been demonstrated to be curative for the majority of patients with APL (7-9). Furthermore, an increasing number of studies have proven the anti-carcinogenic properties of ATO in different tumors, including in gastric cancer (10), lymphoma (11), bladder cancer (12), head and neck cancer (13), and ovarian cancer (14). Although it has been reported that ATO may inhibit the progression of pancreatic cancer (15), the potential targets and molecular mechanisms of action of ATO remain unclear. In recent years, with the continuous improvement and development of high-throughput sequencing technology, multi-omics research (such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) has gradually improved and has been used to identify disease-associated genes, which may uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying disease development and enable effective treatment. DrugBank is a richly annotated web-based bioinformatics tool that contains multiple drug data with comprehensive drug targets information (16). It provides detailed, step-by-step information on the results of previous studies on drugs, drug targets and drug effects, allowing researchers to search, view and export data, text and image (17). Furthermore, Search Tool for Interactions of Chemicals (STITCH) is an online database of the interaction networks of chemicals and proteins (18). Evaluation of the target genes of arsenic trioxide in pancreatic cancer by bioinformatics analysis CONG-YA ZHOU1, LIU-YUN GONG1, RONG LIAO2, NING-NA WENG2, YAO-YUE FENG2, YI-PING DONG1, HONG ZHU2, YA-QIN ZHAO2, YUAN-YUAN ZHANG1, QING ZHU2 and SU-XIA HAN1 1Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061; 2Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China Received January 14, 2019; Accepted August 7, 2019 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10889 Correspondence to: Dr Su-Xia Han, Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China E-mail: email@example.com Dr Qing Zhu, Department of Abdominal Oncology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Abbreviations: ATO, arsenic trioxide; PPI, protein‐protein interaction; KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes


Objective To investigate the effect on proliferation and adhesion of vWF in human gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 in vitro,and to clarify its probable mechanism. Methods Human gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 cultured in vitro was treated with vWF antibody (vWF Ab).The effect of vWF on the proliferation and adhesion of BGC-823 in vitro was detected respectively by MTT colorimetric assay. The cell morphological changes were observed with inverted microscope. Results vWF Ab inhibited the proliferation of BGC-823 in a time-and concentration-dependent manner. Significant cytotoxicity of vWF Ab on BGC-823 cells was observed by cell morphology. Compared with the control group,the adhesion ability of the BGC-823 cells was decreased significantly (P0.01) after treatment with vWF antibody. Conclusion vWF has significant effect on the proliferation of BGC-823 cells and the cell morphological change in vitro,vWF takes an important part in the progress of adhesion on the BGC-823 cells.


Much has happened in the municipal bond market during the past 25 years. This article provides a retrospective of some of the significant developments in the market during that period of time. These developments include passage of the Tax Reform Act of 1986, innovations in the market in response to changing economic and social conditions, and the regulation, increase in disclosure requirements, and proliferatioin of credit enhancements that renewed the efficacy of municipal securities for American state and local governments.


In this chapter we discuss the idea of 'units of meaning' in BSL. Morphology is the area of linguistics concerned with the meaning of words and signs and their structure. WHAT IS A MORPHEME? A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning in a word or sign. If we break words or signs into smaller and smaller units, eventually they no longer have any meaning. In BSL, morphemes can be combined to make a sign that has several meaningful parts to it, but which is still a single sign. Sometimes one morpheme is exactly one sign, and one sign is exactly one morpheme. This occurs where the sign only has one unit of meaning. In some languages, almost all words contain only one morpheme. This means there is only one unit of meaning in every word. The Chinese language is one example. There are many BSL signs and English words that only contain one unit of meaning. English and BSL (and many other languages) also have words and signs containing more than one morpheme. These are called 'polymorphemic' words or signs from the Greek poly ('many') and morph ('form'). The following signs cannot be broken down into smaller meaningful units, so they are single morphemes ('monomorphemic' signs): TRUE, SAY, MOUSE, RED, KITCHEN, HAPPY, AEROPLANE. The following signs are all single signs that have at least two meaningful units, so they are polymorphemic: PROMISE (made up from SAY + TRUE), BELIEVE (made up from THINK + TRUE), SPACE-SHUTTLE, MINICOM, YOU-TEASE-ME, DRIVE-CASUALLY, CHECK (made up from SEE + MAYBE), ANIMAL-JUMP-OVER-WALL (fig. 6.1).


The most commonly raised poultry is chicken reared to produce eggs and high quality meat. Poultry especially use for meat production are called Broiler chicken. The multi-factorial lameness is one of the important diseases of broiler chicken leads to mortality and economics loss of poultry Industries. In present case report we found that few numbers of broiler chickens were suffering from lameness and as a treatment all aspect has been followed to ameliorate the disease. Fastest growing leg bone of broiler chickens of different age groups receive lameness followed by setting of legs apart and the condition is called spraddle leg. As the disease is multifactorial, therefore treatment for spraddle legs should covers all etiological aspect viz. use of vitamins, minerals, anti-stress agents, antibiotics and managemental correction. Along with these said treatment, fabricated tapes were applied to keep both the legs (lameness) in actual posture. Keeping the fact in mind that lameness is multifactorial disease thereby treatment should covers all etiological factors and using fabricate tape played a key role to cure the disease.


Preface Biomedical Telemetry: Technology and Applications Radiotelemetric EEG Recordings in Small Rodents - A Powerful Analytical Tool in Basic Neurological Research Telemetry: An Ecologist Swiss-Army Knife Biotelemetry NET for Neurochemical Biosensor and Microsensor Applications: Design, Construction and Validation Biotelemetry Research on Upstream Migration Behavior of Adult Chum and Pink Salmon in A Remeandered Segment of the Shibetsu River, Japan Bio-Telemetry of Inshore Fish in Polar Regions Reproductive State-Specific Habitat Use by Adult Japanese Fluvial Sculpin Cottus Pollux (Pisces: Cottidae) in Relation to Bottom Substrate Condition A Novel Telemetric System for Recording Brain Activity in Small Animals Audible-Wave Telemetry with PC Sound Card for Remote Analysis Applications Telemetry of Body Temperature for Long-Term Recordings of Breathing Index.


Because of their tolerance and safety, low doses of H2‐receptor antagonists are now increasingly used in some countries for self‐care medication of gastro‐oesophageal reflux symptoms.


Rear grid Ag SiO2/SiN passivation Ion implant doping for n-type Cz high efficiency industrial boron emitter solar cells with single activation process Adeline Lanternea*, Y. Veschettia, R. Cabala, S. Galla, D. Ramappab, M. Sheoranb, M. Emsleyb aCEA, LITEN, INES, 50 avenue du Lac Leman, BP 332, 73377 Le Bourget du Lac, France bVarian Semiconductor Equipment, Applied Materials, 3050 Bowers Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95054 United States *Contact : email@example.com


The objective of this work is to compare the energy rate of a level 3 speech signal using thediscrete wavelet transform (DWT) of various mother wavelets such as Haar, Meyer, biorthogonal, Coiflets,Symlets, and Daubechies, to determine the range of values for both genders of the speaker. The speechsignal is filtered by an 8th order Butterworth filter.We perform the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) on the mother wavelet to obtain the energy values ofeach mother wavelet at the third level of the decomposition for male and female speakers. We then comparethe energy values of speech signals between men and women speaking the same sentence, This comparisonis conducted on several databases containing repeated sentences for the same individual or both genders,the results are found to be acceptable for further analysis.


THESE investigations were undertaken, as indicated in Part I [Masters, 1918], primarily with a view to obtaining some comparison of the different methods of cooking vegetables, with special references to the losses incurred and the time required for cooking. It was hoped that in this manner some method of cooking might be devised, which would be economical both as regards food material and as regards fuel, and that some further information concerning the changes which take place during the cooking process might be obtained. Katherine Williams [1892] gives the results of a number of analyses of cooked and uncooked vegetables, but does not indicate how these results would be modified by different methods of cooking. Other observers [Harden and Zilva, 1918; Delf, 1918] have shown that the antiscorbutic properties of vegetables may be destroyed by the action of dilute alkaline solutions or of heat. This is a physiological problem and the question whether or not it is advisable from a dietetic point of view that heat or alkaline solutions should be used in the preparation of vegetables hardly comes within the scope of this paper. It is hoped, however, that these investigations may prove of some assistance in arriving at a decision on such matters. Numerous kinds of green vegetables are made use of for edible purposes, but the varieties available vary according to the season of the year and it was found impossible to work with the same variety throughout. To obviate this difficulty as far as possible, a number of experiments were made with each variety, and the nature of the vegetable used is stated in each case; but this variation in the nature of the material has hampered the work considerably and increased the difficulty of obtaining reliable results. The vegetables principally employed were cabbage, spring greens and Brussels sprouts.