Computer-generated imagery (CGI) is becoming integral to a movie's story and appeal, and even dominates the film's success at box office. Currently the CGI realism is evaluated by post-production supervisors, and few objective realism assessments focus on this area. This paper investigates enhanced feature learning and classifier training for CGI assessment by deep learning. A training-set-selection method is proposed to select proper samples, which is crucial to deep learning training. Then the selected samples are converted into entropy images with enhanced features. We adopt a convolutional neural network for feature learning and classifier training to estimate the realism of CGI. Experimental results show that the developed matric has acceptable accuracy when compared to the grout truth. In addition, the rating result of the proposed assessment is very close to that of human visual perception.


Aim: Prevalence of lactation in percent was studied in mothers of preterm infants at our NICU (comparable to level III nurseries) at the National Hospital in Oslo, Norway. Definition of lactation: Feeding at breast (partial or total), and/or feeding mother's expressed milk. Subjects: 108 mothers were included, and 59.3% had Caesarian Section. Their infants stayed median 46.5 days at the hospital, the gestational age at birth was median 30.5 weeks, and the birth weight was median 1447.5 g. Sixty eight percent of the infants needed oxygen supply for median 12 days, 50% of the infants needed ventilator-connection for median 5.5 days, and 27.7% of the infants had a birth-weight of 1000 g or below. Methods: Structured interview with open-ended questions was used at the infants' discharge. The mothers were asked following questions: Do you have breastmilk for your baby? If not, how long did you have breastmilk? Phone calls were used later to those mothers who still lactated at their infant's discharge. Findings/Conclusion: Prevalence of lactation at 1 month (30 days) post birth was 84,3%. Lactation stopped within 1 month post birth for 15.7% (17/108) of the mothers. In the latter group the infants were small at birth, mean birth weight was 1179.2 g, mean gestation weeks were 28.5, and as many mothers as 58.8% smoked after birth (in the whole sample 29.9% of the mothers smoked). Continued prevalence of lactation after birth was at 2 months: 68.5%, at 3 months: 58.3%, at 4 months: 52.7%, at 5 months: 48.1%, at 6 months: 37.9%, at 7 months: 34,2%, at 8 months: 30.5%, at 9 months: 28.7%, at 10 months: 21.2%, and at 11 months: 19.4% (figure 1). At 12 months post birth 14.8% of all mothers lactated, and 9.2% of the mothers continued lactation. At the infants' discharge 65.7% (71/108) of the mothers lactated, and 64.8% (70/108) of the mothers had enough milk. At discharge 22.5% of the lactating mothers only breastfed their babies (n= 71), 59.2% breastfed + pumped + fed by bottle, 16.9% only pumped + fed by bottle, and 1.4% supplied some formula in addition to breastfeeding. Lactation stopped before the infants sucked their mothers' breast nipple in 19.4% (21/108) of the cases. In this group the infants were very small at birth: median birth weight 870 g and median gestational age 26 weeks. In this subgroup as many mothers as 61.9% smoked after birth (tables and figure in English).


The invention discloses a micro-flow cutting valve with a function of improving the metering precision. The invention relates to a spring valve, aiming at solving the problem that small flow quantity abnormality such as water droplet which is common in living water cannot be metered and precisely metering the small flow of the water use. An annular shoulder is arranged on the inner surface of the front end of a valve body; a front guide shaft and a rear guide shaft are respectively arranged at the front end surface and the rear end surface of a columnar slide valve; and the shafts and the columnar slide valve are at the same coaxial inner conductor; the front guide shaft threads into a front guide sleeve; the front guide sleeve is fixed at the inner wall of the valve body through a bracket; a rubber sealing pad is fixed at the front end surface of the columnar slide valve and is adhered to the annular shoulder; the rear guide shaft threads into a rear guide sleeve; the rear guide sleeve is fixed at the inner wall of the valve body through the bracket; a limiting shoulder is arranged at the inner surface of the rear end of the valve body; an annular waterflowing trough is formed in the inner wall of the valve body between the limiting shoulder and the columnar slide valve; and a compressed spring threads into the shaft body of the rear guide shaft and is arranged between the columnar slide valve and the rear guide sleeve.


SANTERI SUNI: Improvement of shuttle and lift positioning in an automated warehouse system Tampere University of technology Master of Science Thesis, 55 pages February 2017 Master's Degree Programme in Automation Engineering Major: Machine Automation Examiner: Professor Jouni Mattila


The descriptions by Bassett-Smith (1898–9), Thompson and Scott (1903) and Wilson (1906) constitute practically all the work which has been done on the interesting group of Copepoda parasitic on fishes along the Ceylonese coast. To this short recorded list the present author has added five new species (1932–4). In a short series of papers, of which this is the first, it is proposed to describe a number of species, some of which are new forms, collected since those dates.


According to functional linguistics,the meaning of a discourse is closely related to the context in which it is produced and used.However,context is often ignored in studies of advertisement translation.The linguistic,situational and cultural contexts of the advertising discourse should be stressed and the examples of mistranslation resulting from ignorance of the contexts should be analyzed.It also points out that in advertisement translation and studies related to it translators and scholars should give each contextual element careful consideration so as to avoid mistranslation and better realize their commercial or academic goals.


Hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) is a main component of bones and teeth, and a specific crystal orientation is required for biomaterial application. In this study, the effects of the processing parameters on the orientation, such as de-agglomeration by milling procedure, applied magnetic field and sintering temperatures, were examined. Using the de-agglomerated particle by a milling procedure, it is possible to control the particle orientation, but when using heavily agglomerated particles, it was impossible to control the particle orientation by applying a high magnetic field. Highly-textured HAP can be fabricated by slip casting using a well-dispersed suspension in a high magnetic field (above 4T) followed by sintering above 1373 K.


A constant-volume molecular dynamics calculation has been performed for a cubic yttria-stabilized zirconia (Y 2 O 3 ) c (ZrO 2 ) 1- c , where Y layers and Zr layers are alternately accumulated to form a superlattice. A considerable enhancement of the diffusion of oxygen ions was observed at the composition c =0.33, at which the diffusion coefficient in the superlattice is about three times larger than the case of a random distribution of Y ions.


The origin of the soul became a systematic subject of speculation in Greek philosophy and medicine. In early Christian thought, three theories evolved: the soul was held to be either generated from the parents (traducianism) or it was believed to be formed by a special act of creation on God's part (creationism), or else it's origin was related to a former realm (pre-existence). These alternatives, in numerous guises and theoretical cross breedings, intrigued medieval and early modern philosophers, theologians and scientists until the eighteenth century. This introduction offers a summary reconstruction of relevant debates and issues, guiding the reader in doctrinal paths where medicine, philosophy and theology intermingle.


Despite the fact that the Rural Credit Cooperatives are the only formal credit providers to millions of households in rural China, empirical evidence suggests that they hardly serve the interests of member households. This study examines the extent to which the recent institutional reform have ameliorated the problems of "insider control" and "collective action" in the corporate governance, as well as local political influence in their operations.This study makes the following contributions to the understanding of China's financial sector reforms: first, it illustrates how the configurations of the Communist Party's power in the post-reform credit institutions are still fundamentally incompatible with effective corporate governance structure; and second, it contributes to the scanty literature explaining why local political interference in loan allocations has been so persistent in China.


Background: On 24 February, Russia launched a military attack on the entire territory of Ukraine, in connection with which the President of Ukraine declared martial law. According to the Law of Ukraine 'On Martial Law', martial law is a special legal regime introduced in the event of armed aggression, danger to the state independence of Ukraine, or its territorial integrity and arranges for the provision of appropriate state authorities, military command, military administrations, and local authorities self-governance of the powers necessary to avert the threat, repel armed aggression and ensure national security, and eliminate the threat of danger to the state independence of Ukraine, its territorial integrity, as well as the temporary restriction of the constitutional rights and freedoms of persons and citizens and the rights and legitimate interests of legal entities within the validity period of these restrictions. This study is designed to analyse the consequences of armed aggression against Ukraine and the introduction of the appropriate legal regime in such areas as the realisation of property rights, the administration of justice, the enforcement of court decisions, and labour relations.
Methods: To achieve the goals of the research, general scientific and special methods of scientific research were applied, such as comparative-legal and semantic-structural methods and the method of grouping, analysis, synthesis, and generalization.
Results and Conclusions: The introduction of the martial law regime throughout the territory of Ukraine affected all spheres of life and, as a result, requires adaptation to modern realities. In particular, this consists of changes to the current legislation because the martial law regime involves the restriction of certain constitutional rights and freedoms of persons and the introduction of new mechanisms – for example, the suspension of labour relations, changes in the jurisdiction of courts for the possibility of justice, expanding the competence of private executors, and even making changes to the regulations of ICAC due to the impossibility of sending documents by mail, as well as allowing process participants to personally participate in meetings.


In this paper different methods of attacks, threats and different forms of dangers to the computer networks are described. The possible models and technical solutions for networks protection are also given. The effects of threats directed to the computer networks and their information are analyzed certain technical solutions that provide necessary protection level of the computer networks as well as measures for information protection are also described. The standards for methods and security procedure for the information in computer networks are enlisted. There is also an example of protecting one local data network (in this paper). .


Gas phase pyrolysis of the silane (I) produces the silacyclopentene (IIa) as the result of the recyclization of the intermediates dichlorosilylene and butadiene (IIIa).


A new method of continuous HIMS with repulsive magnetic force has been worked out. It creates a separator with an output similar to that of rotary separators and with higher recovery of the magnetic fraction. The separators operates without any moving parts. Results of investigation of this method are summarised.


Extraction of a timing wave from PCM baseband signals through a square law device is studied. The relationship between waveforms and systematic jitter in the timing wave is derived. A criterion for jitter free equalization is obtained. Examples of waveforms that satisfy the criterion are given. Maximum jitters for some practical waveforms are given by numerical examples.


Carbon nitride films were deposited using a low pressure, dual ion beam system consisting of a filtered cathodic vacuum arc and a plasma beam source for carbon and nitrogen ions, respectively. This system maintains highly ionized beams even at high nitrogen fluxes, unlike in single beam systems. Film composition and bonding were measured by electron energy loss spectroscopy. Films with nitrogen to carbon atom ratios (N/C) up to 0.5 are produced. The carbon bonding is found to change gradually from sp3 to sp2, rather than sharply above a critical N content, as found previously. This indicates that N atoms form individual C=N bonds rather than causing a reversion of the entire C network to sp2. This allows us to maintain C sp3 bonding to the highest N contents so far achieved.


Epitope expression was studied in both denatured apolipoprotein B (apo B) on Western blots and in intact low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein subtractions VLDL1 (Sf120-400), VLDL2 (Sf60-120), and VLDL3 (S120-60) in competitive binding immunoassays with the aid of six monoclonal anti-LDL antibodies. The apo B in all lipoprotein fractions was shown to bind to all antibodies, but significant differences in apo B epitope expression were observed. On the average, the immunoreactivity of VLDL subtractions (expresssed as binding affinity and as relative 125I-LDL displacing potency) decreased with increasing flotation rate. Similarly, VLDL, was less immunoreactive than lipolyzed "remnants" of VLDL, after treatment with bovine milk lipoprotein lipase. The results indicate that, even when lipoprotein fractions obtained from the same individual and having the same kind of apo B subspecies were compared, significant differences in immunoreactivity occurred due to the modulating effect of other lipoprotein components on apo B epitope expression.


Zhang Ping is one of the writers who are brave in exposing the social darkness and criticizing the vile practices. He has the distinct creative motivation to workfor citizens in his whole life. He, with exceptional courage and profound spirit of reason, thoroughly reveals the social phenomenon of China and contradictory essence at turning of the century, propagandizes the just spirit and distinctive character, and blends the grieve passion into narrative version and made of thinking.


Two committees' conflict is a widespread initialization concept in the field of village self-governance research. Many Chinese scholars endow this concept with empirical implications. Yet, on the view of methodology, we find that, two committees' conflict is a simphzed concept with selective bias; it can't explain the real social political situations in rural China today. Under the background of village self-governance, the relationship between the Party's Branch of CPC and the Village Committee is not opposite inherently; there have being the possibilities of deliberative corporations between the two organizations. Thus, we must give up the unscientific concept when studying the social-political relationship and public power structure in rural China, try to return to the original situations of power struggle in ru ral China, give an exact mechanism explanation as well as rational judgment.


Vancomycin is presently considered to be the first choice in the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections and is widely used in clinical practice.It is important to design individual dosage regimens of vancomycin because of its narrow therapeutic window,severe adverse drug reactions and significant individual difference in pharmacokinetics.More and more methods are used to design individual dosage of vancomycin.The frequently used methods are summarized and evaluated in this paper.


This paper presents a global approach for controlling the Lorenz system. The basic idea is to partially cancel the nonlinear cross-coupling terms such that the stability of the resulting system can be guaranteed by sequentially proving the stability of each individual state. The method combines ideas from feedback linearization, classical control theory, and Lyapunov's second method. Robust behavior with respect to model uncertainties in the feedback loop is proven. The performance of partial linearization compared to input-state linearization is illustrated on tracking of several trajectories including a periodic orbit and a steady state.


Abstract ........................................................................... 1 acknowledgements Acknowledgements ......................................................... 2 table of contents Table of contents ............................................................. 3 list of figures List of Figures .................................................................. 4 list of tables List of Tables ................................................................... 4


This bachelor thesis deals with proposal for systems to increase operability of the parking brake. Each system is schematically drawn and described. Advantages and disadvantages are listed for each system.


Due to the effects of climate change and the increasing demand on water, sustainable development in term of water resources management has become a major challenge. In this context, the application of simulation models is useful to duel with the uncertainty and complexity of water system by providing stakeholders with the best solution. This paper outlines an integrated management planning network is developed based on Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) to evaluate current and future water management system of Langat River Basin, Malaysia under various scenarios. The WEAP model is known as an integrated decision support system investigate major stresses on demand and supply in terms of water availability in catchment scale. In fact, WEAP is applicable to simulate complex systems including various sectors within a single catchment or transboundary river system. To construct the model, by taking account of the Langat catchment and the corresponding demand points, we defined the hydrological model into 10 sub-hydrological catchments and 17 demand points included the export of treated water to the major cities outside the catchment. The model is calibrated and verified by several quantitative statistics (coefficient of determination, R2; Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, NSE and Percent bias, PBIAS). The trend of supply and demand in the catchment is evaluated under three scenarios to 2050, 1: Population growth rate, 2: Demand side management (DSM) and 3: Combination of DSM and reduce non-revenue water (NRW). Results show that by reducing NRW and proper DSM, unmet demand able to reduce significantly.


A commonly used methodology to estimate the proximity of two individuals in an automatic exposure notification system uses the signal strength of the Bluetooth signal from their mobile phones. However, there is an underlying error in Bluetooth-based proximity detection that can result in wrong exposure decisions. A wrong decision in the exposure determination leads to two types of errors: false negatives and false positives. A false negative occurs when an exposed individual is incorrectly identified as not exposed. Similarly, a false positive occurs when a non-exposed individual is mistakenly identified as exposed. Both errors have costly implications and can ultimately determine the effectiveness of Bluetooth-based automatic exposure notification in containment of pandemics such as COVID-19. In this paper, we present a platform that allows for the analysis of the system performance under various parameters. This platform enables us to gain a better understanding on how the underlying technology error propagates through the contact tracing system. Preliminary results show the considerable impact of the Bluetooth-based proximity estimation error on false exposure determination. Alternatively, using this platform, analysis can be performed to determine the acceptable accuracy level of a proximity detection mechanism in order to have a more effective contact tracing solution.


The purposes of this study were to analyze and understand the life of mothers rearing children with Down syndrome and to present basic data for overcoming the difficulties of those families. For these purposes, this study made use of the phenomenological analysis and approach with a qualitative research method. The subjects of this study are 4 mothers rearing children with Down syndrome who are beyond school age. The results were as follows. First, the reason why mothers with Down syndrome children went through psychological shock and horror was the social stigma due to the unusual appearance of children with Down syndrome. Second, the isolation with in the public education system was disclosed as a factor causing much sorrow and pain. Through this, we can recognize the importance of ensuring the equal right to receive education of children with Down syndrome. Third, the period which the mother experienced most shock and confusion was right after finding out about the disability that her child has. So, we can identify the importance of early intervention providing psychotherapy and rearing service to the parents. Fourth, the crucial factor that relieved pain and pressure from mothers was social support including family. Therefore, the social support system for mothers with Down syndrome children has to be developed and strengthened. Fifth, the crucial factor that made mother grow up during rearing experience was the reestablishment of cognition about the desired role of mothers. Through this, we can identify the importance of the mental transition process to independent thinking.


A simple analytical formulation of laminated composite plates with integrated piezoelectric layer, used as sensor and actuators for the vibration suppression of intelligent composite and sandwich plates is presented. The first order shear deformation theory is employed to account for the transverse shear deformation. The equations are transformed into the state space form and solved by the linear quadratic regulator (LQR) based control algorithm. The effect of the state and control parameters on the system response is studied. The effect of the thickness ratio of the intelligent plate is also investigated.


Peak expiratory flow (PEF) can be self-measured. Self-measurements of PEF on a long-term basis permit assessment of the time structure of PEF and its relation to solar activity expressed in Wolf's relative sunspot number. The results from a longitudinal record spanning 32.5 years were compared with four other shorter series. It appeared that the most prominent periodicity in the annual and infra-annual response of the spectrum was a component with a period of 11.74 years. This periodicity was comparable with the periodicity found for Wolf's relative sunspot number (10.27) during the same span of time.


Objective To study the nursing experience of percutaneous nephrolithotomy lithotripsy with the holmium:YAG laser treating ureterolith in B-mode ultrasonics.Method To analyze the clinical data and nursing measurement of 118 cases of ureterolith treated by lithotripsy with the holmium:YAG laser.Result The lithotripsy of all patient are successful.Conclusion The key points of successful ureterolith lithotripsy were preoperative psychonurse and to observe carefully every drainage tube and complication after operation.


In postharvest supply chain, although some optimization methods can be used to take quality attribute into account, but it is still complicated task to cope with uncertainties and obtain reasonable data to be applied in the model. In order to select appropriate postharvest handling action at different stages with respect to desired quality attribute, and expected selling price, an application of dynamics programming approach under fuzzy information was presented in this paper. Commencing estimation of possible price and cost using Fuzzy Delphi Method. Data obtained can be quantified as triangular membership function and those obtained data can be defuzzified though centre of area method (COA). Finally, dynamic programming was well applied using crisp data to select appropriate postharvest handling method with respect to quality state at handling stage in order to achieve the most plausible profit. Key word: Supply Chain Risk Management, Fuzzy Logic, Dynamic Programming, Optimization, Postharvest technology, Food Quality Management


Background: Surgeons currently have difficulty when managing metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty (MoMHA) patientswithadverse reactions tometaldebris (ARMD). This stems froma lackofevidence,which is emphasized by the variability in the recommendations proposed by different worldwide regulatory authorities for consideringMoMHArevisionsurgery.Weinvestigatedpredictorsofpooroutcomes followingMoMHArevisionsurgery performed for ARMD to help inform the revision threshold and type of reconstruction. Methods: We retrospectively studied 346 MoMHA revisions for ARMD performed at 2 European centers. Preoperative (metal ions/imaging) and intraoperative (findings, components removed/implanted) factors were used to predict poor outcomes. Poor outcomes were postoperative complications (including rerevision), 90-day mortality, and poor Oxford Hip Score. Results: Poor outcomes occurred in 38.5%. Shorter time (under 4 years) to revision surgery was the only preoperative predictor of poor outcomes (odds ratio [OR] 1⁄4 2.12, confidence interval [CI] 1⁄4 1.00-4.46). Prerevision metal ions and imaging did not influence outcomes. Single-component revisions (vs allcomponent revisions) increased the risk of poor outcomes (OR 1⁄4 2.99, CI 1⁄4 1.50-5.97). Intraoperative modifiable factors reducing the risk of poor outcomes included the posterior approach (OR 1⁄4 0.22, CI 1⁄4 0.10-0.49), revision head sizes 36 mm (vs <36 mm: OR 1⁄4 0.37, CI 1⁄4 0.18-0.77), ceramic-on-polyethylene revision bearings (OR vs ceramic-on-ceramic 1⁄4 0.30, CI 1⁄4 0.14-0.66), and metal-on-polyethylene revision bearings (OR vs ceramic-on-ceramic 1⁄4 0.37, CI 1⁄4 0.17-0.83). Conclusion: No threshold exists for recommending revision in MoMHA patients with ARMD. However postrevision outcomes were surgeon modifiable. Optimal outcomes may be achieved if surgeons use the posterior approach, revise all MoMHA components, and use 36 mm ceramic-on-polyethylene or metalon-polyethylene articulations. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). closed potential or pertinent ment, either direct or indirect, n the biomedical field which rest with this work. For full


The glass transit ion tempera t ures, T " of poly(c hloro t riftuoJ'oethylen e), poly( vinylidene ftuorid e), and copolymers prepared from t hese two co monom ers were de termined using dilatometric and in terferometric met hods. The glass tempera t ure of poly-(chlorotriftuoroethylene) was found to be at 45° C, an upper limit for the glass temperature of poly-(vinylidene fluorid e) was set at 35° C, and the glass temperatures for t he copolymers were between the values fo r the t wo homopolymers. These res ults are found to s ubstantiate the recent theoretical deductions of Fox and Loshaek J'elat i ng t he g lass temperature of a co polymer to its co mpos it ion , and indicate t hat t he glass temperature of a copolymer is a monotonic func t ion of i ts composit ion. The effect of crystalli zation of a copoly mer on the location of its glass temperat ure is illustrated and t he various contradi ctory results of this effect t ha t have been reported are disc ussed .


Abstract : A trial was performed to assess the relative risks of oxygen and nitrogen in human no-decompression dives. Dives (n=477) were performed with subjects breathing mixtures with low or high oxygen partial pressures. Dives were 30, 60, or 240 min in duration to various depths chosen by a sequential dose-response format. Despite exceeding the currently accepted safe limite by more than 20%, the incidence of demonstrable DCS was under 3%. Another 3% had ambiguous symptoms. An increase in DCS risk with higher N2 pressure could not be strongly demonstrated. Oxygen had less than half of the DCS risk associated with nitrogen. Keywords: decompression sickness; diving; mathematical modeling; human trial; sequential trial.


The recent meta-analysis Sethi et al. [1] discussed the lack of benefit or harm of complete revascularization (CR) over culprit only revascularization (COR) in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) during ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This is in agreement with other metaanalysis [2,3] which processed data sets emerging predominantly from observational studies and registries [4]. The available data are faulted by considerable heterogeneity, bias, and quality shortcomings. Moreover, CR is poorly defined by most studies. The authors suggested appropriately that in the absence of high quality studies, any meta-analysis is not robust enough to definitively support or negate CR as a preferred strategy. The following editorial [5] further delineates the limitations of CR in view of difficulty in assessing lesion severity and concerns related to CR of hemodynamic non-significant lesions (which are unlikely to cause neither ischemia nor symptoms) under suboptimal conditions. CR strategy raises a few other serious concerns:


The cellular composition of the zones metaplasia of Barrett's esophagus is characterized by using of histo-hemical and immunohistochemical tests. At the gastric metaplasia the epitheliocytes synthesize neutral mucins MUC 5 AC and give a positive response to the CK 7/20. In the case of intestinal metaplasia at the site of the incomplete type of differentiation the epitheliocytes synthesize neutral and sialomucins, MUC 5 AC and MUC 2. Reducing of the rate of synthesis of these mucins can be the beginning of dysplastic changes of metaplasic areas.


Drug delivery to the colon has become attractive either for its interest in the topical treatment of intestinal diseases or for the delivery of peptide molecules. However, drugs administered through the oral route have a long way to go until reaching the colon and several factors can hinder the arrival of the active drug to this site. In order to overcome these barriers, cyclodextrins have been studied as specific vehicles for colonic administration. Due their exclusive and bioadaptable characteristics, cyclodextrins are capable of complexing various molecules or part of them, providing a protective microenvironment to the complexed molecule and decreasing it undesirable properties. However, complexation it's not enough to ensure the delivery of drugs to the colon since the complex dissociates before it reaches him. Using the conjugation of drugs with cyclodextrins, through covalent bond formation, it is ensured that the drug is released only when these bonds are broken, according that, cyclodextrins are degraded only in the colon by the existing microflora. This knowledge gave rise to a new therapeutic approach, potentiating the formation of drug-cyclodextrin conjugates as prodrugs for colonic administration.


The present paper deals with the MLE of pascal distribution under truncating.The asymptotic normality and its strong consistency are proved,and the further asymptotic properties of estimation are given.


"Discoveries happen in math too, and Fregeanism is really about discovery."-Jason Stanley11. IntroductionSainsbury and Tye (2012) argue for their Originalist theory of concepts on the basis that it solves seven well-known puzzles. These puzzles are traditionally seen as puzzles about language, and in particular puzzles concerning semantic content. Sainsbury and Tye argue that they have analogues as applied to the content of thoughts. In this paper I argue that their solution of Frege's Identity Puzzle (Frege 1892) is implausible, because Originalism fails to explain the difference in cognitive significance which Frege took to be the puzzling explanandum. In the next section I briefly review Frege's Puzzle before explaining the putative solution of Sainsbury and Tye in Section 3. The bulk of the paper is Section 4, where I lay out in detail the reason for finding the Originalist solution unsatisfying. In concluding I briefly put the project of this paper in perspective of Sainsbury and Tye's book, and point out a take-home message of the book which remains even if Originalism fails.2. Frege's PuzzleAlthough Frege's puzzle of identity (1892) is familiar, a brief reminder may be important for understanding where Sainsbury and Tye go wrong in their solution. True identity statements of the form 'a = a' are trivial and uninformative, yet true identity statements of the form 'a = b' (where 'b' is a name which refers to the same object as 'a') can be significant and informative. The names 'Phosphorous' and 'Hesperus' were names given to the planet Venus by the Ancient Babylonians, who thought incorrectly that the astronomical bodies which they saw in the morning sky and in the evening sky were two different objects (at least according to philosophical legend).2 This results in the following statements for illustration:(1) Hesperus is Hesperus.(2) Hesperus is Phosphorous.If the meaning of a name is nothing over and above its referent,3 then (1) and (2) have the same meaning, since the names 'Hesperus' and 'Phosphorous' designate the same object. However, (1) and (2) "have different cognitive values," as Frege puts it (p. 78). For instance, someone could believe (1) but not believe (2), as presumably the Babylonians did. Furthermore, (1) is trivial in the sense that it doesn't add to our knowledge, but (2) was an important discovery about the world. Frege's solution was to divide semantic content (which he called "thoughts") into two parts: Besides the referent ("bedeutung") of a name or other expression, there is also the sense ("sinn"), "wherein the mode of presentation [of the referent] is contained" (p. 57).4Sainsbury and Tye note that this puzzle about sentences and their constituent names has an analogue for thoughts and their constituent concepts (as Fodor and others have previously realized). Putting the puzzle in these terms, they sum it up thus (p. 4):The concept HESPERUS would seem to represent just what the concept PHOSPHOROUS represents. So how can there be a difference between the thought that Hesperus is Hesperus (trivial) and the thought that Hesperus is Phosphorous (an important empirical discovery)?3. The Originalist SolutionSainsbury and Tye present some arguments against Frege's solution to the puzzle (22-26), most of which are familiar from Kripke (1980). For instance, one argument is that differences in knowledge concerning e.g. Aristotle would result in idiosyncrasies of sense associated with the name 'Aristotle,' but we all presumably share the same concept ARISTOTLE when we think thoughts about him (Sainsbury & Tye 2012, p. 17, 24). Since these arguments are well-known and I am sympathetic to them, I won't rehearse them here, but instead turn the focus to their positive view. The key Fregean principle which they reject is that cognitive differences such as that between (1) and (2) are to be explained by a difference in semantic content (p. …


There are things you can do to ease a colleague's return to work when they are living with long covid, Abi Rimmer hears


Private attributes of Online Social Network (OSN) users can be inferred from other information (which is usually from users' friends and group information). To address this, social networking sites allow users to hide their friend lists and group lists, so that general public cannot see them. However, if a user doesn't make his friend list public, but his friends have public friend list where we can find him, we can do reverse lookup to extend the friend lists of the user. Furthermore, many social networks allow non-group members to list the members of public groups (e.g., Face book). These are strong violations of OSN users' privacy, and can be considered as privacy risks caused by the asymmetric configuration of settings in OSNs. In this paper we present the privacy risks due to the lack of symmetric configurations, which exist in most of the OSNs. To make our idea more clear, we propose a inference attack and show that it can be used to infer users' private information, even users already made their friend list private. We theoretically analyze the risk of proposed privacy issues, and evaluate the risk using experiments based on real-world OSN data. We show that it is not sufficient to only disable friend list and group list to guarantee privacy, and propose methods to mitigate these privacy issues.


4′-Benzyloxy-2′-hydroxy-3′,5′,6′-trimethoxychalcone has been converted in three steps into 2,6-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-5-(β-phenylpropionyl)-1,4-benzoquinone which undergoes ring-contraction in the presence of aqueous alkali to give demethyldihydrolinderone. Methylation of this followed by dehydrogenation afforded methyl-linderone and hence linderone.


Applying reading and writing theory to cases in composition, this chapter troubleshoots assignments that produced disappointing results and illustrates how the model of the "ill-structured problem" can help writing instructors craft assignments that foster the cognitive and affective maturation essential to college-level literacy.


Cognitive Radio CR is an adaptive, intelligent radio technology that can automatically detects available channels in a wireless spectrum and change transmission parameters to allow more concurrent ...


REGION CAPTION PREPROCESSING • Historical approaches to visual question answering (VQA) have relied on end-to-end models trained using a corpus of only images coupled with associated {Question, Answer} pairs. • Our approach instead performs answering in two stages: (1) dense captioning to produce passages of region descriptions and (2) pure text question answering on generated passages. • We use the Visual Genome Dataset's region descriptions and question answer pairs to train the two stages of our model.


Managed Care: An Introduction, R. Edwards Historical Evolution of Managed Care Quality, A.F. Al-Assaf The Concept of Health Care Quality, A.F. Al-Assaf Perceptions of Quality in Managed Care: Defining and Improving Providers' Performance and Quality, P. Mosca Implementing Quality in Managed Health Care, A.F. Al-Assaf Quality Assurance Activities, D. Zaenger and A.F. Al-Assaf Monitoring of Quality, D.W. Bratzler Quality Improvement Activities, J. Reinke Quality Improvement in Managed Care: Using Preventative Medicine Guidelines, D. Stewart Institutionalization of Health Care Quality, A.F. Al-Assaf Balancing Quality with Costs in a Managed Care Setting, J. Benneyan and V. Valdmanis Managed Care Accreditations and Certifications, W.P. Gideon Alternative Quality Management Strategies in Managed Care, A. Ghosh Quality Excellence Awards, T. Brown and S. Hopkins


Attractive forces between graphite masses separated by 100A are calculated to be 4.76×10 4 dyne/cm 2 by making use of Lifshitz' formula for interaction forces between macroscopic neutral bodies. The two semi-infinite blocks are supposed to be put side by side with plane-parallel boundaries (perpendicular to the c -axis). For dielectric constants needed, results by Taft and Philipp evaluated from reflectance data are used. A contribution due to π-electron to the force is about 67%. The total force is compared with that evaluated from an interlayer potential function of graphite given semiempirically by Crowell under assumptions of pairwise additivity. The latter is 4.4 times as large as the former. An origin of this discrepancy may be attributed mainly to a shielding effect due to the basal planes, which reduces the force, obtained without regard to the effect, to one third.


The purpose of this study is to propose a least-squares method for parameter estimation using Fisher's z-transformation in correlation structure analysis. An advantage of this method in comparison with the unweighted least squares method (ULS) is that the residuals are normally distributed and their variances are homogeneous. A numerical example is given for factor analysis by using the data of Spearman (1904). Through the results of computer simulations in higher-order factor analysis, this method is shown to have less significant errors of parameter estimates than the ULS.


The Relationship Between Parents' and Caregivers' Demographics and Their Knowledge about Congenital Heart Disease by Adeola Animasahun MPH, University of Lagos, 2007 MB; BS, University of Ilorin, 1997 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Public Health Walden University February 2019 Abstract The lack of knowledge regarding congenital heart disease (CHD) among the Lagos populace is leading to late presentation, late diagnosis and poor outcomes. The purpose of the research was to document the level of knowledge of parents and caregivers regarding CHD using the Leuven questionnaire for assessing knowledge of parents on CHD (LKQCHD). A quantitative correlational cross-sectional study, with purposeful convenience sampling strategy was used. Health belief model was the theoretical framework used. Primary data of demographic information such as gender, age, the level of education, and the number of years of accessing care were obtained using a survey. The data were analyzed using Chi-Square, Fisher's exact test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. There was poor knowledge of CHD among the subjects as the level of knowledge of parents of children with CHD on CHD was lower than 80% of correct answers using the LKQCHD. There were negative correlations between the level of knowledge of the subjects and their age, level of education and number of years of accessing care at the study center. A critical area of need for education and training in the field of public health in Lagos is health education of parents and caregivers of childrenThe lack of knowledge regarding congenital heart disease (CHD) among the Lagos populace is leading to late presentation, late diagnosis and poor outcomes. The purpose of the research was to document the level of knowledge of parents and caregivers regarding CHD using the Leuven questionnaire for assessing knowledge of parents on CHD (LKQCHD). A quantitative correlational cross-sectional study, with purposeful convenience sampling strategy was used. Health belief model was the theoretical framework used. Primary data of demographic information such as gender, age, the level of education, and the number of years of accessing care were obtained using a survey. The data were analyzed using Chi-Square, Fisher's exact test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. There was poor knowledge of CHD among the subjects as the level of knowledge of parents of children with CHD on CHD was lower than 80% of correct answers using the LKQCHD. There were negative correlations between the level of knowledge of the subjects and their age, level of education and number of years of accessing care at the study center. A critical area of need for education and training in the field of public health in Lagos is health education of parents and caregivers of children with CHD in Lagos on CHD, which will help improve awareness of the populace in Lagos on CHD, thereby encouraging early presentation of the children with CHD in Lagos, improve the compliance of parents and caregivers of children with CHD to treatment, medications and clinic follow up. All the above effect of health education will have a positive effect in the quality of life and life expectancy of patients with CHD in


Low-calorific gases with a small portion of hydrogen are produced in various chemical processes, such as gasification of solid wastes or biomass. The aim of this study is to clarify the efficient usage of these gases in diesel engines used for power generation. Effects of amount and composition of low-calorific gases on diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions were experimentally investigated adding hydrogen-nitrogen mixtures into the intake gas of a single-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine. The results indicate that optimal usage of low-calorific gases improves NO x and Smoke emissions with remarkable saving in diesel fuel consumption.


Throughout the last three hundred years the indigenous Native peoples of the United States have been subjected to a number of differing policies by the U.S. federal government. Beginning in 1787 with the creation of the U.S. Constitution, federal policies towards indigenous Native peoples have not followed a single policy track toward a specific goal. Rather, they have been marked by dramatic shifts in both the policy goals and the means by which to achieve those results. The history of such shifting policies can best be compared and framed by examining them across three broad periods: the Isolation and Removal period between 1789 and 1887, the Acculturation and Assimilation period between 1887 and 1934, and the Self-Determination and Sovereignty period between 1934 and the present. Each of these periods are characterized by a specific set of federal policies towards Native peoples, primarily enacted by Congressional laws and acts. While helpful in identifying the comparative trends in federal policy towards Native peoples, these periods should not be viewed in isolation from one another, since only when they are compared do the overall policy shifts become apparent. Furthermore, these periods have not been unanimously accepted by all scholars, and other periods are often defined depending on the situation.


To scan or not to scan, that is the question. Within the last two decades, in case of multiple trauma patients, this question has been more and more answered with a definite yes as most trauma surgeons believe that total-body CT scanning results in a survival benefit. This is expressed e.g., by the fact that the Annual Report of the Trauma Register of the German Society for Trauma Surgery reveals that 78% of all severely injured patients received total-body CT scan in 2015 (1).


The development and characteristics of heat pipes are examined. The subjects discussed are: (1) principles of operation, (2) heat pipe theory, (3) pressure gradient effects, (4) variable conductance, (5) design procedure, and (6) performance limit evaluation.


In four years, 7900 children aged 7~12 of 8 primary schools in the 4 Chinese cites were investigated including indoor circumstance, family health status. Also, outdoor air pollution was monitored for 2 years in the schools. Through the data of PM 2.5 , PM 10 ,TSP,SO 2 and NO x, it showed that air pollution in the 2 schools in Lanzhou was the heaviest, urban sites in the Guangzhou, Wuhan and Chongqing were moderate, suburban sites in the 3 cities were relatively slight. All of the 8 schools did not meet the second air quality standards of China. Prevalence of children's respiratory illness (cough when cold, phlegm, wheeze, asthma and bronchitis)has positive relation with air pollution significantly and has been negatively affected from slight to heavy degree. Among the polluted factors, PM 2.5 and PM 10 have the greatest impact, while SO 2, NO x have relatively sight impact. Indoor air pollution includes the usage of coal for heating and cooking, passive smoking by adults and indoor smoke degree, which havs positive relation with children's prevalence of respiratory illness. Indoor air pollution has also negative effect.


The purpose of this study IS to examine general concepts of sex from the perspectives of cultural, cognitive and symbolic interactions according to Kaiser's classification, and thereby classify unisex Image costumes Into three major categories, i.e. gender-less, age-less and race-less fashion within the above structural boundaries. Based on these examinations, the results of this study can be outlined as follows First, in terms of gender-less fashion, it was found that unisex aspects are inspired from men's clothes so that they are mixed with costume styles In refined touch, but still focus on expressing feminine styles. Second, In terms of age-less fashion, it was found that young generation Imitates or accepts the culture of elderly generation, or vice versa, so that conventional generation boundaries become undermined. This trend is well demonstrated by Jean, T-shirt and sneakers. Such items have contributed to eliminating existing sexual differentiations and also become representative fashion Items for our contemporaries beyond the boundaries of nationality, culture, society and age. Third, In terms of race-less fashion, It was found that as our planet IS already Influenced by globalization, the fusion of exotic elements and different cultures becomes viewed as new styles in costume as well. This trend is well demonstrated by latest fashions such as ethnic, exotic, oriental ism, hippy and punk The race-less fashion revealed In recent collections appeared as new Images In every season.


To quantify the presence of mercuric ions in aqueous solution, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) of poly(dT) was employed using a light switch compound, (1) which is reported to intercalate into dsDNA of a right-handed B-form. Addition of mercuric ions induced the dehybridization of poly(dT)poly(dA) duplexes to form a hairpin structure of poly(dT) at room temperature and the metal-to-ligand charge transfer emission derived from the intercalation of 1 was reduced due to the dehybridization of dsDNA. As the concentration of was increased, the emission of 1 progressively decreased. This label-free emission method had a detection limit of 0.2 nM. Other metal ions, such as , , , , , , , , , , , , had no significant effect on reducing emission. This emission method can differentiate matched and mismatched poly(dT) sequences based on the emission intensity of dsDNA.


Keyword spotting aims to retrieve all instances of a given keyword from a document in any language. In this paper, we propose a novel script independent line based word spotting framework for offline handwritten documents based on Hidden Markov Models. The methodology simulates the keywords in model space as a sequence of character models and uses the filler models for better representation of background or non-keyword text. We propose a two stage spotting framework where the candidate keywords are further pruned using the character based background and lexicon based background model. The system deals with large vocabulary without the need for word or character segmentation. The system has been evaluated on many public dataset from several languages such as IAM for English, AMA for Arabic and LAW for Devanagari. The system outperforms the modern line based approach on the English, Arabic and Devanagari Datasets.


The productivity of local goats is strongly influenced by various factors including the nutritional content and availability of feed and internal factors (livestock) such as gender and management are also very decisive. Theoretically, differences in livestock sex and castration treatment can contribute to increasing the productivity of fattened goats. The contribution of complete feed and differences in sex and castration treatment can be seen from blood glucose and blood urea levels. This study aimed to determine blood glucose and blood urea levels of castrated, non-castrated male, and female domestic goats (Carpa aegagrus hircus) that were fed complete feed. The study used a completely randomized design using 15 domestic goats which were divided into 3 treatments, namely treatment T1: Castrated young male domestic goats group; T2: Non-castrated young male domestic goats group, and treatment T3: Young female domestic goats group. The three treatment groups were given a complete feed consisting of 30% corn straw + 20% Gliricidia sepium + 30% milled corn + 15% pollard bran + 5% rice bran and drinking water which was provided ad libitum. Blood was taken from the jugular vein at the end of the study-4 times per animal, namely 0 hours before being fed, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours after being fed complete feed. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect (P>0.05) on blood glucose levels at 0, 4, and 6 hours; while at 2 hours, it had a significant effect (P<0.05). Blood urea levels also had no significant effect (P>0.05) on samples taken at 0 hours before being fed and 2, 4, 6 hours after being fed. It is concluded that castrated male goats, non-castrated male goats, and female goats that were fed complete feed showed the same effect on blood glucose and blood urea levels produced.


Direct marketing of agricultural products is economic way to satisfy the producers as well as buyers. Direct marketing of selling agricultural produce is seen progressing in India throughout. On one hand it would enable a farmer to gain maximum possible share a consumer spends on purchasing the agricultural produce and on the other hand it would deliver the produce at cheap and affordable prices to customers. Uzhavar Santhai locally or commonly called as Farmers' Market is one example which has achieved success in most parts of India through an efficient marketing system of direct sale of fresh vegetables and fruits. This social institution has provided a good impact on the upliftment of farmer class in the country. The present paper presents a survey based approach to find the relationship between the factors which influence the purchasing behavior and preference of customers with respect to these markets in Namakkal District of Tamil Nadu, India.


Renal biopsies from 12 patients with idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis (IMGN) were investigated by immunofluorescence microscopy for the localization of C4d and C4-binding protein (C4bp). Although Clq and C4 deposits were found in only 2 of 12 cases (16%), C4d and C4bp deposits were identified in 11 cases (92%) in close association with IgG deposits in the glomeruli. The results suggest that complement activation through the classical pathway usually occurs in IMGN. The detection of C4d and C4bp in the glomeruli appears to be a sensitive indicator of the classical pathway activation in IMGN.


In the literature of ichthyology, Bloch's descriptive and richly illustrated Allgemeine Naturgeschichte der Fische is one of the high points, both graphically and taxonomically. "Bloch's work is unique, and probably will for ever remain so ," were the words used by Gunther (1880 : 14) to describe it. Cuvier stated (1828) that Bloch had probably done more than any other worker of that period to stimulate a liking for ichthyology. For Francis Day (1875—88 : ii) , Bloch's work marked the begin ning point for the study of Indian fishes.


In this letter, the microwave power transfer (MPT) system with the optimal number of rectenna arrays for midrange applications is proposed, theoretically analyzed, and verified. A retrodirective power transmitter is designed to overcome the degradation by the near-field effect and enhance the power transfer efficiency. The implemented transmitter is composed of 16 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> 1 patch antennas with a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda /2$</tex-math></inline-formula> spacing, and each of the antennas has a circuit for simultaneously detecting and shifting the phase, and operates at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. To further improve the power transfer efficiency, the parallel dc combining rectenna array is designed since the conventional RF combining rectenna has several problems in the case of midrange. The fabricated rectenna array consists of 8 <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\times$</tex-math></inline-formula> 1 rectennas with a <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lambda /2$</tex-math></inline-formula> spacing and a dc power management circuit. In addition, the optimal number of rectenna arrays is proposed, considering the size of the receiver. In the experiments, the optimal number of rectennas is 3 when the transfer distance is 1 m. The achieved power transfer efficiency from three-arrayed rectennas is 4.47%, while the efficiency of 5.01% is achieved from eight-arrayed rectennas. Experimental results from the implemented MPT system show good agreement with the proposed theory.


ABSTRACT A case study is presented to evaluate the image of service quality, customer satisfaction from the perspective of healthcare services. The study focuses on listening to the voice of patient (VOP), by using NUD* IST (N6) software for code-based inquiry and searching qualitative data. The findings, reflecting strengths and weaknesses attributes of healthcare service quality, are relevant to issues concerning healthcare in Taiwan. A concept map for patients' satisfaction about service quality process was depicted. Customer attributes is illustrated by the application of Kano's model of how customer satisfaction behaves and the relationship between customer satisfaction and the quality of healthcare services is analyzed. The results reveal that patients pay most attention on "physician care", and have less concern with "hospital costs". Healthcare managers need strategies to train physicians' and nurses' communication skills in order to enhance customer satisfaction.


Subject and Purpose. The work has been aimed at developing and implementing a novel method of aeronomic observations in the Earth's stratosphere, applicable in the microwave range of the electromagnetic spectrum. The research is centered on a study of the measurement errors arising when the method proposed is employed for observations of the ozone spectral line (142 GHz). Methods and Methodology. The method is based on a simplified calibration procedure, in what concerns the hardware and the technology employed. In contrast to the common calibration techniques using special-purpose sources of the reference signal, we suggest resorting to natural sources, like internal noise of the receiver and the thermal radiation from the Earth's surface and the lower atmospheric layer. The measurement errors (both calculated and evaluated experimentally) have been analyzed within standard mathematical statistics techniques. Results. The tests performed during observations of the spectral line (142 GHz) of atmospheric ozone allow considering the new method as a success. The estimated magnitude of the relative error specific to the observation method proposed does not exceed 1.5%. The experimental estimate accounting for all potential error sources does not exceed 5% (with a 1 hour accumulation period), which result corresponds to the current state of the art. Conclusions. The possibility of an essential simplification of the radio optical part of the spectrometer has been demonstrated. The novel calibration technique, as well as the technical implementation thereof, can be recommended as a basis for prospective spectrometers at microwave frequencies.


esting as a plain old artist's conception. There are a few exceptions: The image of Cahokia at sundown (p. 8) is haunting, and it is good to see the nose restored on the Sphinx (p. 24). Forte's own chapter on Pompeii is the exception to all three failings. A visual delight, it actually tells something of how the virtualizations were developed and uses them effectively to recount this famous episode in antiquity. But these wonderful 10 pages hardly compensate for the rest of the book. Those in need of an image-rich atlas would better served with Past Worlds (Crescent Books, 1995). Those interested in virtual archaeology should head to the World Wide Web, starting with Britton's virtualizations of Lascaux and Ohio Hopewell (cerhas.uc.edu) or Kantner's virtual Great Kiva (sipapu. ucsb.edu/html/kiva.html).


The National Competency-Based Standards for School Heads (NCBSSH) is a mechanism to systematically determine the training and development needs of school heads in order to support improved practices as effective school leaders.This study described the performance of school heads in accordance to National Competency-Based Standards for School Heads (NCBSSH).The issues and concerns encountered by school heads as to the implementation of NCBSSH were also included. The study used the descriptive type of research with questionnaire as the main research instrument. Interview and focus group discussion were also use to supplement the questionnaire. Respondents were 134 school heads and 375 teachers from the province of Batangas. They were selected using Slovin's formula, random and purposive and purposive sampling. The statistical tools were frequency, percentage and weighted. The findings revealed that school heads perform satisfactorily in NCBSSH. However,Faction among teachers and practice of favouritism are the most perceived issues and concerns related to NCBSSH. The proposed competency-based management program contains the project descriptions, competencies that need enhancement, objectives, strategies, and activities based on domains important in NCBSSH which when implemented may enhance the performance of school heads.


One method to reduce emissions of CH4 from municipal solid waste landfill is to modify the final cover layer. Methane (CH4) oxidation by methanotrophs bacteria in the soil cover layer can reduce the concentration of the CH4 emission to the atmosphere. Through field experiments, tested the effect of media bed thickness, moisture and nutrient content in the form of a media bed type that is compost and paddy soil. In general, the efficiency of oxidation by using compost media is higher than the use of paddy soil cover. For both media bed, moisture content 30% more efficient in the oxidation of CH4 compared to 20%. Moisture content determines the rate of gas diffusion between media bed with its gas phase (CH4 and O2). While for a thickness of 25 cm also produced a higher oxidation rate than the 15 cm because of the methanotrophs population. keywords: landfill gas; biofiltration; methane oxydation


Abstract A novel thermophilic methane-oxidising bacterium was isolated from underground hot springs in Hungary. Strain HB grew on methane at up to 72°C, the highest recorded growth temperature for a methanotroph. 16S rDNA phylogenetic analysis showed that strain HB was the first known representative of a novel, deep-branching group of the γ- Proteobacteria quite distinct from extant methanotrophs. The nucleotide sequence of pmoA , encoding particulate methane monooxygenase, was determined for this novel thermophile. Sequence comparison showed that the methane monooxygenase of this strain was most closely related to that of Methylocaldum and Methylococcus species. Particulate methane monooxygenase gene fragments having a high degree of identity to that of pmoA from strain HB were amplified by PCR from DNA isolated from thermophilic methane-oxidising enrichments inoculated with hot spring samples (55–70°C) from Japan, suggesting that this novel genus, for which we informally suggest the name ` Methylothermus ', is widespread in thermophilic environments.


Introduction Sleep is essential for an adequate neurobiological functioning, being implicated in several cognitive functions. Even in healthy individuals, sleep deprivation can lead to a number of psychopathological changes, including perceptual distortions, hallucinations and delusions. Thus, the resulting clinical picture may be similar to a psychotic disorder. Objectives To present a clinical case of psychotic symptomatology induced by sleep deprivation. Methods Patient's clinical file consultation and literature review using the search engine Pubmed® and the keywords: "sleep deprivation", "sleep loss" and "psychosis". Results We present the case of a 41-year-old woman with a history of an episode of mood changes with psychotic symptoms that was preceded by a period of total insomnia. No psychotropic drugs since then and no relapses. In May 2020, she was admitted in psychiatry department due to clinical picture composed by significant psychomotor slowing, drowsiness, slowed speech, verbal visual, tactile and auditory hallucinations accompanied by grandiose delusions. These symptoms were preceded by total insomnia with one week of duration. In the hospital was administered quetiapine 100mg and lorazepam 2.5mg to aid in the recovery of sleep deprivation and concomitantly aripiprazole 15mg was prescribed. The patient presented a rapid and significant clinical improvement. Currently, it is without any type of medication and without psychopathological changes. Conclusions The clinical picture present in this case report was triggered after a significant period of sleep deprivation. Thus, it illustrates the role that sleep has in the development of psychiatric symptomatology, sometimes difficult to differentiate from psychiatric disorders. Disclosure No significant relationships.


The Jeans criterion for the minimum self-gravitational condensation scale is extended to include the possibility of condensation on non-acoustic density nuclei at Schwarz scales, where structure formation begins in the plasma epoch at proto-supercluster masses about 10,000 years after the Big Bang, decreasing to galaxy masses at 300,000 years. Then the plasma universe became relatively inviscid gas and condensed to 10^23-26 kg "primordial fog particle" (PFP) masses. Baryonic dark matter by this theory should be mostly non-aggregated PFPs that persist in galactic halos. Schild (1996) suggests from quasar Q0957+561 microlensing that "rogue planets" are "likely to be the missing mass" of the lens galaxy. Non-baryonic dark matter composed of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) should condense slowly at large viscous Schwarz scales to form galaxy supercluster halos, and massive galaxy cluster halos as observed by Tyson and Fischer (1995) for the rich galaxy cluster Abel 1689.


We study sufficient conditions under which a nowhere scattered C*-algebra $A$ has a nowhere scattered multiplier algebra $\mathcal{M}(A)$, that is, we study when $\mathcal{M}(A)$ has no nonzero, elementary ideal-quotients. In particular, we prove that a $\sigma$-unital C*-algebra $A$ of finite nuclear dimension, or real rank zero, or stable rank one with $k$-comparison, is nowhere scattered if and only if $\mathcal{M}(A)$ is.


Evaluating the relative difficulty of widely-used benchmark datasets across time and across data modalities is important for accurately measuring progress in machine learning. To help tackle this problem, we propose DIME , an information-theoretic DI fficulty ME asure for datasets, based on Fano's inequality and a neural network estimation of the conditional entropy of the sample-label distribution. DIME can be decomposed into components attributable to the data distribution and the number of samples. DIME can also compute per-class difficulty scores. Through extensive experiments on both vision and language datasets, we show that DIME is well-aligned with empirically observed performance of state-of-the-art machine learning models. We hope that DIME can aid future dataset design and model-training strategies.


A nanofluid is a fluid containing suspended solid particles, with sizes of the order of nanometers. The nanofluids are better conductors of heat than the base fluid itself. Therefore it is of interest to measure the effective thermal conductivity of such a nanofluid. We use temperature oscillation technique to measure the thermal conductivity of the nanofluid. However, first we evaluate the temperature oscillation technique as a tool to measure thermal conductivity of water. Then we validate our experimental setup by measuring the thermal conductivity of the aluminum oxide-water nanofluid and comparing our results with previously published work. Finally, we do a systematic series of measurements of the thermal conductivities of aluminum oxide-water nanofluids at various temperatures and explain the reasons behind the dependence of the enhancement in thermal conductivity of the nanofluid on temperature.Copyright © 2004 by ASME


Introduction: This study was an analysis of the use of Levonorgestrel (LNG) as emergency contraception (EC) in the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Methods: A total of 144 women users of EC were interviewed in 15 pharmacies in order to identify their profile, their knowledge of the LNG and their needs in pharmaceutical care. Results: 49% of the users were women between 18 and 25 years old, and that 68% of women requesting dispensation of LNG were going to use the drug for the first time. The dispensation for first time use for those under the age of 18 was 80%. In addition, in the case of minors who had previously used EC, two out of every three users said they had used it before between 3 and 6 months prior to the time of this dispensation. It should be noted that 64% of dispensations of the LNG occur in the first 24h after an unprotected sexual intercourse. LNG has been repeatedly used by 16% of the women. In addition, 80% of dispensations are for women using another method of birth control and 24% of them are already being treated with other drugs. Discussion: The above underlines the need to improve the users' knowledge of EC with LNG and the need to deliver personalized information about LNG during dispensation at the pharmacy. The safe and effective use of this emergency contraceptive drug should be promoted with health education with the objective of achieving the best possible outcome of this emergency contraception method.


The mechanism of Rh2(R-TPCP)4-catalyzed [3 + 2]-dipolar cycloadditions between vinyldiazoacetate and nitrone to form 2,5-dihydroisoxazole has been studied by ONIOM methodology calculations including density functional theory and semi-empirical PM6 theory. This mechanism begins with carbenoid formation catalyzed by a rhodium catalyst, followed by vinylogous addition/cyclization of an iminium to construct a five-membered ring isoxazolidines, and followed by the functionalization processes of 1,3-hydride abstraction/proton transfer to generate 2,5-dihydroisoxazoles. The calculated results indicate a distinct stepwise fashion of this [3 + 2]-cycloaddition because of the extremely transient intermediate that emerged in the vinylogous reaction, and the cyclization of iminium addition is deemed to be the enantio-controlling step. According to analysis of thermodynamic information, the process of protonation has the highest energy barrier in this catalytic cycle and is determined as the rate-controlling step. A higher enantioselective formation of (R)-2,5-dihydroisoxazole derived from the reaction between aryl nitrone and s-trans vinylcarbenoid is evaluated. What's more, we kinetically analyze the enantioselectivity of this complete catalytic cycle by the AUTOF program and provide the reactivity trends with an activation strain model.


ABSTRACT Zhao, C.; Liang, N.; Yuan, L., and Zhu, X., 2020. Factors for the dispersibility of polyvinyl alcohol fiber in aqueous solution. In: Yang, Y.; Mi, C.; Zhao, L., and Lam, S. (eds.), Global Topics and New Trends in Coastal Research: Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 103, pp. 516–520. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. For reaching the purpose of improving the dispersion performance of polyvinyl alcohol fibers in solution, a dispersant polyacrylamide was put to the solution. Furthermore, regression model was established. The box-behnken was adopted for designing the experiment. According to the analysis on the model, the optimal conditions for the dispersion of PVA fibers in solution were obtained. Finally, the dispersion mechanism of PMA on fibers was discussed. The results show that the response surface model can meet the reality and can better predict the fiber dispersion. The optimal conditions for the PMA dispersion fiber optimized by response surface method are as follows: PMA concentration is 0.2832%, fiber length, 12 mm, fiber content, 3.5 g. Under these conditions, the fiber can be best dispersed in the aqueous solution.


In this project, I analyze 289 essays submitted to the Toy and Miniature Museum of Kansas City (TMM) as part of their 2007 "What Does it Mean to be an American Girl?" exhibit. Inspired by-and anchored with-the fictional protagonists of the wildly popular American Girls Collection, the exhibit "celebrate[d] the spirit of girlhood in America" through its displays, living history events, and of primary significance for this dissertation, an essay contest seeking answers to the titular question from modern-day girls and women. Although girls, especially those between the ages of 7 and 12, are the target audience for American Girl dolls, stories, and merchandise, their perspectives about the meaning and influence American Girl has in and on their daily lives are largely absent from existing scholarly research. With some notable exceptions (Acosta-Alzuru and Kreshel 2002; Nardone 2002; Diamond et al 2009; and Marshall 2009), the vast majority of research on American Girl relies on and theorizes from analyses of texts that American Girl itself produces. By integrating and privileging the voices of American Girl's target audience, my analysis seeks to determine if, and to what extent, their readings


The article reveals theoretical approaches to the content of the legislative definition of the concept of "unclaimed land share", which appeared in Russian law as one of the legal consequences of the ongoing land reform, which led to the disposal of significant areas of agricultural land from economic use. Separate approaches of theoretical scientists to the content of the editions of the theoretical institute under study that have been changing over 30 years are analyzed. An assessment of innovations that have significantly changed the legal definition of the concept and regulation of the legal fate of unclaimed land is given.


Managing is to regulate, control, manage and regulate. Managing the basic concepts of radio, television and multimedia that contain da'wah means how we as da'i, producers or preachers regulate the concept of da'wah through this media in order to achieve the goal of da'wah. With this information technology can facilitate all activities. In the past, when you wanted to convey a message to someone who was far away, you still used a written letter, even through the post office to send it. This research is a descriptive study by describing and explaining how to manage the basic concepts of radio, television, and multimedia (internet) containing da'wah that has occurred from the past until now in Indonesia. Radio, television and internet are media that developed from the era of era that can be used as a medium of da'wah. So we as Muslims, preachers and television producers must be good at managing this media as well as possible so that the da'wah delivered is right on target. Making this media as a developing that can convey its da'wah. Whatever method of da'wah that is carried out in the real world, it has been able to be displayed in cyberspace precisely. The challenge for the da'i in using the media is how the da'i maintains this media so that it does not become extinct or this media persists in delivering da'wah and is able to develop and convey da'wah widely through this media. Therefore, da'wah in this global era must use modern information technology in conveying messages of Islamic teachings. This modern media information technology can be used in every condition and place, both in urban and rural areas. This can make it easier for the dai in conveying his da'wah to the da'wah targets.
Keywords: manage,media, da'wah


Technologies for wastewater remediation have been growing ever since the environmental and health concern is realized. Development of nanomaterials has enabled mankind to have different methods to treat the various kinds of inorganic and organic pollutants present in wastewater from many resources. Among the many materials, semiconductor materials have found many environmental applications due to their outstanding photocatalytic activities. TiO2 and ZnO are more effectively used as photocatalyst or adsorbents in the withdrawal of inorganic as well as organic wastes from the wastewater. On the other hand, graphene is tremendously being investigated for applications in environmental remediation in view of the superior physical, optical, thermal, and electronic properties of graphene nanocomposites. In this work, graphene‐TiO2 and graphene‐ZnO nanocomposites have been reviewed for photocatalytic wastewater treatment. The various preparation techniques of these nanocomposites have been discussed. Also, different design strategies for graphene‐based photocatalyst have been revealed. These nanocomposites exhibit promising applications in most of the water purification processes which are reviewed in this work. Along with this, the development of these nanocomposites using biomass‐derived graphene has also been introduced.


Abstract This article addresses the paralysis of perfectionism, a factor in the failure of a doctoral candidate to complete the dissertation. A remedy is proposed. Nurs Outlook 2001;49:211-2.


Iatrogenic tracheal rupture following intubation is a rare, but potentially lethal complication. Usually patients present with the classical symptoms of mediastinal subcutaneous emphysema and respiratory distress. However, the timing or the onset of these symptoms is quite variable and differs between patients. Both conservative and surgical methods have been advocated in the past for the management of a diagnosed tracheal laceration. We discuss the case of a 65-year-old gentleman who was admitted electively for coronary artery bypass grafting. The patient faced difficult intubation, which led to the development of a tracheal laceration and was conservatively managed. This case emphasises on the importance of early diagnosis and prompt management being the key factors in governing optimal clinical outcome.


Existing genetic models for porphyry copper deposits are based on B-type subduction. The Indian plate came into collision with the Asian plate 65 Ma ago. Ore-formation for the Gangdise porphyry copper deposits took place during 18 Ma to 12 Ma when early subduction of the Indian continental crust beneath the Asian continental crust occurred. Such a subduction belongs to A-type subduction. Then, Tethyan oceanic crust between the Indian continental crust and the Asian continental crust still existed. Thus, dehydration and partial melting of the upper mantle provided ore matter for the Gangdise porphyry copper deposits. This paper deals with relationship between plate subduction and ore-formation of porphyry copper deposits and ore matter sources for the Gangdise porphyry copper deposits based on Nd、Sr isotope compositions for the Qulong and Chongjiang porphyry copper deposits. A genetic model for the Gangdise porphyry copper deposits is advanced on the basis of ore zone structure and ore-forming ages.


BACKGROUND
Calcium channel blockers may increase the blood flow to the fetus or may improve fetal-placental cellular energy generation. This could enhance fetal growth.

OBJECTIVES
The objectives of this review were to assess the effects of calcium channel blockers on fetal growth and neonatal morbidity and mortality in pregnancies where impaired fetal growth is suspected.

SEARCH STRATEGY
We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register. Date of the last search: December 1999.

SELECTION CRITERIA
Acceptably controlled trials of calcium channel blockers in women with potential impaired fetal growth.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS
Eligibility and trial quality were assessed.

MAIN RESULTS
One study of 100 women (all smokers) was included. Mean birth weight was significantly higher in women receiving flunarizine compared to the control group. No other significant differences were found.

REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS
There is not enough evidence to evaluate the use of calcium channel blockers for impaired fetal growth. The apparent beneficial effect of calcium channel blockers on birthweight warrants further investigation.


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We analyze the necessary and sufficient conditions for exact recovery of the symmetric Latent Space Model (LSM) with two communities. In a LSM, each node is associated with a latent vector following some probability distribution. We show that exact recovery can be achieved using a semidefinite programming approach.


BACKGROUND
The approved capecitabine regimen as monotherapy in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is 1,250 mg/m(2) twice daily for 2 weeks on and 1 week off (Cint). Dose modifications are often required because of severe hand-foot syndrome (HFS). We tested a continuous regimen with a lower daily dose but a similar cumulative dose in an attempt to reduce the severity of adverse events (AEs) while maintaining efficacy.

METHODS
We randomized 195 patients with HER-2/neu-negative MBC to capecitabine 800 mg/m(2) twice daily throughout the 21-day cycle (Ccont) or to Cint to assess noninferiority in the percentage of patients free of progression at 1 year. Secondary endpoints included efficacy and safety. Associations between polymorphisms in capecitabine metabolism-related genes and drug response were assessed.

RESULTS
The percentage of patients free of progression at 1 year was 27.3% with Cint versus 25.3% with Ccont (difference of -2.0%; 95% confidence interval: -15.5% to 11.5%, exceeding the 15% deemed noninferior). Differences regarding other efficacy variables were also not found. Grade 3-4 HFS was the most frequent AE (41.1% in Cint vs. 42.3% in Ccont). Grade 3-4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, diarrhea, and stomatitis were more frequent with Cint. A 5' untranslated region polymorphism in the carboxylesterase 2 gene was associated with HFS. One polymorphism in cytidine deaminase and two in thymidine phosphorylase were associated with survival.

CONCLUSION
Our study was unable to show noninferiority with the continuous capecitabine regimen (Ccont) compared with the approved intermittent regimen (Cint). Further investigation is required to improve HFS. Polymorphisms in several genes might contribute to interindividual differences in response to capecitabine.


This chapter provides an introductory overview of benefit transfer methods. It begins with a discussion of the different types of benefit transfer (such as unit value transfer and benefit function transfer), including a review of these different approaches and the relative advantages and disadvantages of each. This is followed by a summary of foundations in welfare economics and valuation. Included in this methodological introduction are a discussion of stated and revealed preference valuation and how the results from each may be used for benefit transfer. Following this introductory material are discussions of the theoretical and informational requirements for benefit transfer, the steps required to implement a benefit transfer, the challenges of scaling, and sources of data. The chapter concludes with brief discussions of transfer validity and reliability, advanced techniques for benefit transfer, and common problems and challenges.


Objective: To analyze the diet quality of university students as a risk factor for bowel cancer. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 100 university students of the Gastronomy undergraduate course of a private teaching institution in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais. The body mass index (BMI) was assessed. Data on eating behavior, physical activity practice, and feeding frequency was collected. Descriptive analysis was conducted. Results: From the results, it was verified that 46% (n=46) of the students presented increased body mass, that is, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (overweight and obesity). Analysis of the eating habits showed body weight change in 44% of the interviewees; of these, 25% presented body mass gain. Among the interviewees, 41% reported consuming encased meats, pizzas and fast foods, among others, and 57% reported consuming processed foods 1 to 3 times a week. High-sugar foods (sugar-sweetened coffee, soft drinks and chocolate) were daily consumed by 71%, 30% and 24% of the participants. The consumption of grains (chia, flaxseed and quinoa) was reported by 7% of them. Conclusion: High consumption of processed and/or industrialized foods was observed, with high contents of fat and sugar, in conjunction with low intake of grains. This dietary situation associated with a sedentary lifestyle represent risk factors for the onset of a neoplasia.


Bridge owners are frequently faced with the need to replace critical bridge components during strictly limited or overnight road closure periods. This paper presents the development, testing and installation of precast, ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) bridge elements, specifically designed for the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario, to repair deteriorated bridge decks. A project overview, the fundamentals of the technology, material properties, design details, manufacturing, prototyping, load testing, erection and economics are included. By utilizing the UHPC material's unique combination of superior properties in conjunction with glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP), precast bridge deck panel design is advanced. Benefits include reduced joint size and complexity, improved durability, improved continuity, speed of construction and extended usage life.


Development that carried out every day requires policies to limit and regulate these activities. Development that still relies on natural resources is still abundant in Indonesia. Continuous development will have a positive impact, but it cannot be denied if the development also has a negative impact. One of them is the declining capacity of the environment. If this happens continuously it can have an impact on the survival of all living things, not only humans. Therefore, a policy that regulates permits related to the development is needed. Indonesia has a legal basis relating to environmental destruction instruments that regulate about the types of environmental-related permits such as Environmental Impact Analysis. If there are legal rules, the rules are also important. Implementation of Environmental Permits that will have an impact on maintaining the carrying capacity of the environment.


Aspergillus oryzae,Rhizopus Oligosporus and Actinomucor elegans were used respectively for fermented soya beans per-fermentation,mold culture of which by four different per-fermentation time were further fermented.The quality and anti-α-glucosidase activity of fermented soya beans by different moulds and per-fermentation time were compared.The results showed that sensory and phy-chemical quality and anti-α-glucosidase activity of fermented soya beans by Aspergillus oryzae was best,when they were per-fermented for 72 hours,fermented soya beans product of all the three moulds obtained the highest anti-α-glucosidase activity.Taken together,fermented soya beans by Aspergillus oryzae had the best quality and hypoglycemic activity,which was per-fermented for 60 hours a 72 hours.


Sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone) (SPAES) composite membranes were prepared using thermally-treated graphene oxide (GO) and poly(2,5-benzimidazole)-grafted graphene oxide (ABPBI-GO) as fillers for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) applications. Pristine graphene oxide was obtained from graphite by chemical oxidation, and 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid was then reacted with pristine graphene oxide to obtain ABPBI-GO. When GO and ABPBI-GO were incorporated into the SPAES matrix, the dimensional stability and mechanical strength of the membrane were improved. In particular, the SPAES/ABPBI-GO composite membranes exhibited improved dimensional stability, larger Young's modulus, and larger elongation at break than the SPAES/GO composite membranes due to the acid–base interaction between the sulfonic acid group of the SPAES matrix and the basic imidazole unit of ABPBI-GO. In addition, the SPAES/ABPBI-GO composite membranes possessed higher proton conductivity than pristine SPAES and SPAES/GO composite membranes because the acid–base interaction can generate additional proton conduction pathways in the membrane structures.


This review examines the natural products in Xylopia aethiopia, an African pepper, whose fruits have long been used as a spice and in traditional medicine. This paper discusses the botany, chemistry and pharmacological properties and presents current and potential uses and application of this spice and its natural products.


The Loop Vertex Expansion (LVE) is a quantum field theory (QFT) method which explicitly computes the Borel sum of Feynman perturbation series. This LVE relies in a crucial way on symmetric tree weights which define a measure on the set of spanning trees of any connected graph. In this paper we generalize this method by defining new tree weights. They depend on the choice of a partition of a set of vertices of the graph, and when the partition is non-trivial, they are no longer symmetric under permutation of vertices. Nevertheless we prove they have the required positivity property to lead to a convergent LVE; in fact we formulate this positivity property precisely for the first time. Our generalized tree weights are inspired by the Brydges-Battle-Federbush work on cluster expansions and could be particularly suited to the computation of connected functions in QFT. Several concrete examples are explicitly given.


The removal and recovery of sulfur species is practiced to limit sulfur emissions to the environment and for larger sulfur capacities, to recover a valuable sulfur product. The most common applications are the removal of hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide and subsequent conversion to elemental sulfur. Many processes have been developed for the recovery of each of these sulfur species, typically consisting of one or more of the following steps: adsorption of the hydrogen sulfide or sulfur dioxide on a solid; absorption of the sulfur species into a solvent via chemical reaction or physical gas–liquid solubility; and conversion of hydrogen sulfide or sulfur dioxide to elemental sulfur. Other, nonconventional processes are being developed such as thermal cracking of hydrogen sulfide to produce sulfur and hydrogen.

Keywords:

Sulfur removal;
Recovery;
Hydrogen sulfide;
Sulfur dioxide;
Conversion process;
Adsorption process


One of the leading figures of 7th/13th-century Zaydī scholarship in Yemen was themutakallim and legal scholar ʿAbdAllāh b. Zayd al-ʿAnsī (b. 593/1196–1197, d. Šaʿbān 667/April 1268), a prolific author in a variety of fields. According to the later biographical tradition, he has 105 titles to his credit.2 To judge from the number of extantmanuscripts, hismost popular workwas al-Iršād ilā naǧāt alʿibād, a workwith Ṣūfī tendencies, which al-ʿAnsī completed in Rabīʿ ii 632/Jan-


Too often, Labor is afraid to stand up and back its beliefs . . . short-termism has been weighing us down all year. The lack of courage and moral fortitude to back our beliefs has allowed the conservatives to paint the government as being all about spin and not substance. From climate change to refugees, from the economy to the education revolution, it hasn't been Labor's policies that have hurt the government electorally. It has been Labor's willingness to run at a million miles an hour from our values and policies every time the going gets tough. (pp. 62, 63)


The medical-geographical analysis of spatially heterogeneous distribution of tick-borne infections in the south of the Far East was provided. The cartographic analysis of the spread of infections was carried out on the basis of literary materials and statistical data of Rospotrebnadzor on the incidence of tick-borne diseases. Statistically significant spatial clusters with a high level of morbidity with different local confinement were identified. The high levels of morbidity were found in the south of the Khabarovsk Krai and the Jewish Autonomous Oblast for Siberian tick typhus, in the central part of the Khabarovsk Krai for tick-borne borreliosis, and in the southwest of the Zabajkalsky Krai for tick-borne encephalitis.


To improve the trajectory prediction accuracy of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with random behavior intentions, this paper presents a short-term four-dimensional (4D) trajectory prediction method based on spatio-temporal trajectory clustering. A spatio-temporal trajectory clustering algorithm is first designed to cluster the UAV trajectory segments divided by a fixed time window. Each trajectory segment is given a category label that represents some certain type of behavior characteristics, such as climbing, turning, descending, etc. The convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to identify the category label of a given trajectory segment by learning the behavior characteristics of different trajectory segments. Based on the long-short-term memory network (LSTM), a short-term trajectory prediction model for different categories of label trajectory segments is established. The global trajectory prediction includes several steps adopting the corresponding prediction models. Historical trajectory data of UAVs are used to validate the proposed prediction method. Experiment results indicate that the method can obtain obviously better prediction accuracy in a short prediction time range (0-3s) with acceptable efficiency compared to LSTM, GRU and velocity trend extrapolation.


A group of small-molecule hole-transporting materials (HTMs) that are based on fluorenylidene fragments were synthesized and tested in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The investigated compounds were synthesized by a facile two-step synthesis, and their properties were measured using thermoanalytical, optoelectronic, and photovoltaic methods. The champion PSC device that was doped with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) reached a power conversion efficiency of 22.83%. The longevity of the PSC device with the best performing HTM, V1387, was evaluated in different conditions and compared to that of 2,2′,7,7′-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9′-spirobifluorene (spiro-MeOTAD), showing improved stability. This work provides an alternative HTM strategy for fabricating efficient and stable PSCs.


Abstract : The purpose of the study was to develop an algorithm for selecting JPA format and content that considers training, media, and work-center job designs. The primary objectives of the development were (1) to identify JPA research and technology gaps, (2) to identify candidate JPA systems for Navy personnel, maintenance, and training trade-off analysis, (3) to select specific JPA systems for test and evaluation, and (4) to identify complementary training levels for selected JPA systems. A nine-step selection algorithm was developed to identify the most appropriate JPA-training combination for the JPA system level of a tri-level conceptual organization of JPA technologies. The nine decision steps were based on seven primary decision criteria (aptitude, job experience, task type, task complexity, equipment type, equipment complexity, and degree of proceduralization) established in the literature as critical to on-the-job performance. A graphic representation of the decision steps and amplifying guidelines for exercising the algorithm were developed and applied to three performance-aiding scenarios and two navy ratings. The selection algorithm was used to identify candidate JPA systems for each skill level of the Integrated Personnel System (IPS) model (Blanchard & Laabs, 1978) and to examine progressive aiding/training requirements for the sonar technician and fire control technician ratings. The algorithm was used to identify major jpa technology gaps in hybrid aiding and complex digital electronics and in defining limitations for the use of JPAs by low-aptitude personnel on troubleshooting tasks.