WILLIAM K. GRAHAM received his PhD m Psychology in 1966 from Wayne State University. From 1966 to 1967 he was Assistant Program Director for the Life Insurance Agency Management Association. He is currently Assistant Professor of Psychology, University of Califorma, Berkeley. Graham's teaching and research have been m the areas of social psychology and orgamzation theory. He is coauthor of Comparative Studies in Organizational Behavior, and has just completed the development of an instrument for measuring phenomenological images of persons, groups, and larger human collectives, such as institutions and busmess organizations.


This paper presents a linear-mode optical sensor for the feasible applications of unmanned vehicle LiDAR systems, in which a pulsed-erbium fiber laser is exploited as a light source and a 16-channel transimpedance amplifier (TIA) array is utilized in an optical Rx module with low-cost InGaAs PIN photodiodes. In particular, a voltage-mode CMOS feedforward (VCF-TIA) is newly proposed to achieve twice higher transimpedance gain with lower noise and similar bandwidth characteristics than a conventional inverter TIA, thereby enabling longer detection. Test chips of the 16-channel VCF-TIA array realized in a standard 0.18-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> CMOS process demonstrate 76.3-dB<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> transimpedance gain, 6.3-pA/sqrt(Hz) average noise current spectral density, less than −33-dB crosstalk between channels, and 29.8-mW power dissipation per channel from a single 1.8-V supply. Automatic gain control is also equipped to extend input dynamic range for near-range detection. Hence, the proposed linear-mode optical sensor clearly detects the reflected optical pulses from the target of 5% reflection rate within the range of 0.5–25 m.


{.}:< : '-:\V. Hospital for the purposeof IVF underwent a transvaginaloocytepick-up procedurein January1986. Thepatientswere selected for theprocedurebecause of poorovarian access at a previous laparoscopy. All patients underwentroutineovarianstimulationwith a combinationof clomipheneand human menopausal gonadotropin.Follicle tracking wasperformedas aroutinewith a 7.5MHz mechanical sector transvaginal probe (Ausonics,LaneCove, NSW). Oocyte pickup wasperformedby thetransvaginalroute with this probe,which wasequippedwith a needle-guidedattachment(Figure 1), and appropriatemachine software to allow a pathto bedeterminedfor the needle to.pass throughthe guide; the needle tip was visible at all times (Figure 2). An 18-gauge, thin bore,non-coringbevelledtippedneedle was used (CookO.P.S-lOW.A., Cook Australia PtyLtd, SurreyHills, VIC). The patientsall received lightanaesthesia for this procedure and wereplacedin the lithotomy position. The resultsof the outcomeof the first monthof useof this procedureare summarized below.


The paper describes the developed model of 18 GHz high-pass filter (HPF). The filter model includes models of inductors, MIM capacitors, and conductors allows for skin-effect, edge effects, substrate influence, and the influence of the substrate contacts layout. The developed model has been verified by experimental prototype of the filter, which is made in the standard process of 130 nm silicon-germanium (SiGe) BiCMOS. It has been found that the developed model has much smaller characteristics deviation from the experimental prototype than the filter layout extraction. The recommendations of the microwave LC-filters ground conductor layout design are expressed based on developed model.


Steel columns of hollow cross‐sections being the body of revolution and simply supported at their ends are considered in the paper. Columns of such shapes are recently very frequently proposed by architects of public facilities such as airports, entertainment halls and other objects encountered in engineering practice. The provisions of the EN 1993 standard do not provide for direct procedures that can be used when designing such columns. In this paper authors present the comparatively simple procedure which can be used by designers of steel columns of such shapes. The value of critical force required in the procedure was derived for columns of variable cross section by means of Mathematica™ system. The closed formulae were obtained for a rod with a certain, predefined geometry being the surface of revolution. To this end the Rayleigh quotient in the first form resulting from the energy criterion of stability was used and the half‐wave sine function was adopted to describe the buckling form. Critical forces obtained by means of derived formulae were compared with numerical solutions. To assess the compression resistance of considered rods the general Ayrton‐Perry approach was applied and bow imperfection with assumed amplitude was used in the analysis. Amplitudes of these initial imperfections can be chosen in correspondence to fabrication quality assumed in advance. An example inserted in the paper confirms the effectiveness of the proposed procedure. Formulas for allowable compressive force derived by the authors and presented in the paper can be treated as a measure of compressive resistance and used by engineers designing columns of the considered shape.


With diphenyl carbazide(DPC) as coloring agent,NaCl solution as reaction medium,and hexadecylpyridinium bromide(CPB) and OP emulsifier as sensitizing agent,a novel method for the determination of micro Cu2+ in seawater by flowinjection spectrophotometry was developed.The experimental conditions of flow-injection analysis were optimized,and the detection wavelength was 500 nm.Under optimum conditions,the detection limit of the method was 0.003 mg/L.The peak height showed good linearity with the concentration of Cu2+ in the range of 0.005-0.050 mg/L.The linear equation was H(mV)=0.616 1+0.175 2×10-3 ρ(mg/L) with r = 0.998 8.The relative standard deviation was 1.0 %(n=11) for determination of 0.020 mg/L Cu2+ in the standard solution.The interferences of other coexisting elements could be effectively eliminated with masking agent.The proposed method had been applied to the determination of trace Cu2+ in simulated seawater and actual seawater.The results were in good agreement with those obtained by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry(GF-AAS).


This paper presents the effect of high temperature on compressive strength and ultra-sonic pulse velocity of self compacting geopolymer concrete (SCGPC) mixes with varying molarities viz., 8M, 10M and 12M. At different ages, the specimens were kept at a high temperature (100, 200, 400, 600 and 800oC) for 2 hours and then testing of the specimens was carried out. Prior to compressive strength of test specimens, ultra-sonic pulse velocity (UPV) test was performed after 7, 28 and 56 days of curing. From the results, it is revealed that the compressive strength and UPV results of SCGPC were decreased with the increase in temperature from 1000C to 8000C in all curing periods. Finally, it is concluded that the significant decrement in compressive strength and UPV up to 8000C is mainly due to continuous moisture loss from the specimens and increase in the average pore size, which produce the lower strength and pulse velocity of the concrete.


Antipsychotic drugs have been shown to modulate the expression of ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), a key factor in the anti‐atherogenic reverse cholesterol transport process, in vitro. Here we evaluated the potential of the typical antipsychotic drug haloperidol to modulate the cholesterol efflux function of macrophages in vitro and their susceptibility to atherosclerosis in vivo.


In this study, the author compared the effectiveness of two different strategic management course designs: one centered on case discussions and the other combining a computer-based simulation with some cases. In addition to evaluation of the research literature, the study involved experiments with six course sections composed of 130 students, Both course designs produced statistically equivalent learning outcomes; there were no significant differences between the two course designs in any of the nine outcome measures, including objective measures and student perceptions.


In the spring of 2011,a development course of ENSO cold phase with"double trough"pattern is successfully predicted in the central and eastern Pacific with cosine function superposition based on Morlet wavelet analysis.The relative coefficient of fitting sequence with this method and original sequence of Nino3.4 index from the Jan.1980 to Feb.2011 is 0.68.In the prediction tests of seven ENSO events from 2000 to 2011,the average forecasting relative coefficients(R) are 0.79,0.81,0.83 and 0.64 respectively,and the average forecasting skill scores(SS) are 0.87,0.80,0.80 and 0.27 for 3,6,9 and 12 months ahead of ENSO event.The forecasting method is simple to use,easy to run,stabilize to forecast,especially it shows good performance to forecast ENSO event ahead 6—9 months.


ABSTRACT Drawing on theoretical debates encouraging the engagement of empirical investigation into the morality of specific places, the paper considers two key periods in the re-conceptualisation of the South African city and its bearing on the interpretation of the social justice concept during the transitional period 1994–2000. The research demonstrates that at the intersection of what these cities are interpreted to be and what they could be, multiple understandings of social justice were in evidence. It is found that these interpretations of social justice are not only constructed through very particular interpretations of South African urban history and its geography but also reveal conceptualisations of this concept less prevalent in contemporary geographical moral discourse. The paper concludes with remarks regarding the implications the research holds for understanding and investigating different types of social justice interpretations in South African cities.


Abstract Conflicting ideologies of individual 'responsibility' are expounded in two aspects of Government policy which have specific implications for the family: the Children Act 1989 and the Government's strategy for health, as set out in Health of the Nation. These conjunction underpin contradictions in the casting of both professional and parental responsibility for the health and welfare of young children. This paper examines assumptions about responsibility which underpin both werfare policies, and compares them with mothers' accounts of concept and fuljilment of parental responsibility, revealed during research in the North-west of England. We then go on to consider how these conjicting concepts are played out in mothers' interactions with the health visitor; a key member of the primary health care team whose role in implementing government welfare policy for young children is to act both as mother's friend and parental inspector: The impact of this paradox is that the health visitor's role under th...


According to the most recent ephemerides,Uranus and its satellites will pass by two bright stars during Sept.6-11,2001.The two stars are among Hipparcos Catalogue (star number 106829) and ACT Catalogue (AC2000:2588165),respectively.During this period of time,the shortest angle distance between the Hipparcos star and Uranus will be 5.″90.The shortest one among the distances between the star and each Uranian primary satellite (Miranda,Ariel,Umbriel,Titanian and Oberion) will be 2.″08.The CCD observations on a telescope with a long focal length will be of great importance for this very close conjunction phenomenon.


We introduce the concept of an ultra‐thin, dense electron sheet as a macro‐particle—similar to an electron microbunch of an FEL—where N electrons coherently reflect in the inner rest frame of the bunch. This ultra‐thin electron sheet is pushed out off an ultra‐thin Diamond‐Like Carbon (DLC) target by a driver laser and acts as a relativistic flying mirror [1, 2] for a production laser. The space charge forces of the electron sheet are balanced by the trapping fields of the driver laser, of the remaining ion sheet and of the counter propagating production laser, resulting in longitudinally bound electrons. Like in the Mossbauer effect of nuclei the photon recoil is taken up by the N electrons of the macro‐particle. The Landau‐Lifshitz equation [3] for the classical radiation damping reaction of an external laser force Fext, here especially the Lorentz force, has been deduced as the first and second term in a Taylor series expansion ∑n = o∞(1/n!)(τ0)ndnFext/dtn, where τ0 = 2e2/(3 mec3) = r0/c is the critica...


Our investigations of the effects of pollutants on bivalve molluscs have continued with studies with in the following areas: bioaccumulation of trace metals in adult sea scallops exposed to dissolved and particulate forms of the metals, SEM/EDXA studies of phosphoritic concretions in the kidneys of adult sea scallops (Placopecten magellanicus), documentation of the normal embryonic and larval development, including shell formation, in surf clams (Spisula solidissima), evaluation of the toxicity of dissolved silver to the gametes and larvae of surf clams at several stages of development, and examination of the effects of turbid suspensions on the feeding efficiency of larval Mercenaria mercenaria. The overall goal of our work is twofold. First, we are striving to gain an understanding of the pathways by which metals are transported within bivalve molluscs. The production of metallothioneins and metal-rich inorganic concretions have been documented for a number of bivalves. The ways in which of metal-rich matrices in membrane-limited vesicles as an intermediate step, is one area of investigation. Second, we are examining the relative sensitivities of the gamete and of early life stages of these organisms to stresses induced by exposure to energy-related pollutants. 46 refs., 12 figs., 8 tabs.


The writer, with the close co-operation of Professor Ben D. Wood, has developed in the Department of Astronomy at Columbia University a computing laboratory for performing certain astronomical calculations by the Hollerith punched-card method. The possibility of applying this method to astronomical computations has come from the interest of Dr. Thomas J. Watson, president of the International Business Machines Corporation, and the generosity of that corporation in supplying the costly equipment necessary for the undertaking. The advantages of this method of calculation in certain astronomical problems are so great that the organization and equipment of the laboratory ought to be made available to astronomers generally up to the full capacity of the equipment. To this end it is now, with the co-operation of the American Astronomical Society, the International Business Machines Corporation, and the Department of Astronomy of Columbia University, planned to entrust its operation to a board of managers, the majority of whom are to be appointed by the American Astronomical Society through an Advisory Council appointed for the Astronomical Hollerith-Computing Bureau. The Astronomical Hollerith-Computing Bureau is to operate as a scientific non-profit-making enterprise under a board of managers, which board shall decide what work the Bureau shall undertake and on what terms, and shall be responsible for the whole conduct of the Bureau. The International Business Ma-


the dream of many is to live long and well, but the drastic increase in the prevalence of obesity worldwide ([16][1]) may quash these dreams. It is shocking to learn that one in three Americans born in the year 2000 will likely develop diabetes later in life and will lose up to 20 quality-adjusted


This article discusses the major influence that the information age has had on librarianship. Computer-related technology has changed the way librarians do their jobs, their duties and has created a whole new realm of opportunities for librarians. Data from the Library Journal annual salary surveys and the ALA Placement Center are included in charts and figures to track job market trends from 1985-2000. Issues such as salary, job mobility and education are also discussed. question becomes, is it realistic for librarians to expect information technology to empower our profession in the long run? There is a long history of technology rendering certain work forms obsolete. The problem is that those qualities and values embedded in that work also become obsolete. I have reservations about helping to develop and create products and markets which may destroy those qualities and values contained within libraries and librarianship [2] .


Gymnotus refugio, new species, is described from coastal rivers of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina states, Brazil. It is diagnosed from most species of the Gymnotus pantherinus species-group by the coloration pattern, further differing from G. pantherinus and G. capitimaculatus on the basis of morphometric and meristic characters. The new species represents the most meridional record of the G. pantherinus species-group.


Materials used in the optical elements of a 1,061 m GSGG (gadolinium scandium gallium garnet) laser have been tested for transient radiation-induced absorption. The transient radiation-induced absorption in KK1, Schott S7005 and S7010, and M382 glasses have been determined for discrete wavelengths in the range 440--750 nm. Also, the transient radiation-induced absorption in {open_quotes}pure{close_quotes} and MgO doped LiNbO{sub 3} has been measured at 1,061 nm. Mathematical expressions composed of exponentials are fitted to the data.


We study a harmonically confined Bose–Bose mixture using quantum Monte Carlo methods. Our results for the density profiles are systematically compared with mean-field predictions derived through the Gross–Pitaevskii (GP) equation in the same conditions. The phase space as a function of the interaction strengths and the relation between masses is quite rich. The miscibility criterion for the homogeneous system applies rather well to the system, with some discrepancies close to the critical line for separation. We observe significant differences between the mean-field results and the Monte Carlo ones, that magnify when the asymmetry between masses increases. In the analyzed interaction regime, we observe universality of our results which extend beyond the applicability regime for the GP equation.


Abstract Electroplating the waveguide of a 7 T polarizer in a simple innovative way increased microwave power delivered to the sample by 3.1 dB. Silicon particles, while interesting for hyperpolarized MRI applications, are challenging to polarize due to inefficient microwave multipliers at the electron Larmor frequency at high magnetic fields and fast electronic relaxation times. Improving microwave transmission directly translates to more efficient EPR excitation at high-field, low-temperature conditions and promises faster and higher 29 Si polarization buildup through dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP).


necessary f o r the t o t a l p i c t u r e . For i n s t a n c e , a d i s t i n c t i o n has been made between t he "shaping" and " s t r e n g t h e n i n g " e f f e c t s of r e i n f o r c e m e n t (Morse , 1 9 6 6 ) , and h i s t o r i c a l l y more emphasis has been put on the l a t t e r . The same dichotomy has been expressed in terms of Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.


There is a growing recognition of the importance of `field of study' in social research. However, few of the existing studies explore the extent to which different fields of study facilitate or constrain opportunities to engage in employment and students' perceptions of their work load in higher education. This article aims to explore the workload of higher education students across different fields of study in comparative perspective. Contrasting Ireland and Austria enables us to explore the way in which the institutional context influences student workload. Analyses of the survey data were conducted to explore the extent to which field of study influenced time spent at formal classes, on personal study and in term-time employment. Regression models were used to estimate the effect of field of study, controlling for a number of factors, including higher education institution, personal characteristics and other potential constraints on student time. Finally, we analyse the effect of student workload on overall satisfaction levels.


The following article addresses the issue of security regarding personal data which is passed on by private individuals to third parties for processing. For this purpose, both the legal requirements according to art. 10a FADP and the possibilities of contractual arrangements must be examined. Particularly when data processing is transferred abroad or a cloud service is used, additional security-relevant aspects must also be taken into account.


Background: Meniscal repair is desirable over resection to prevent post-meniscectomy arthritis, especially in young and active patients. However, long-term data is currently lacking following meniscus repair, particularly in the pediatric population. Purpose: To report long-term follow-up of isolated meniscus tears treated by meniscal repair in a pediatric population, and to compare those results to previous mid-term follow-up data reported. We hypothesized that these patients would have satisfactory function and reoperation rates at long-term follow-up. Methods: Patients less than 18 that had a meniscal repair procedure performed between 1990 and 2005 were included. Concomitant ACL reconstructions were excluded from the present study. At the time of final follow-up, recurrent meniscus tear, reoperation rates, and IKDC and Tegner scores were determined. Wilcoxin signed ranks tests were performed to calculate the differences in clinical outcome for the 3 time points (pre-operative, average 7 years post-op, and average 18 years post-op) and Spearman coefficients were calculated for Tegner and IKDC with different variables. Results: At an average follow-up of 18 years (range 13.2 - 25.9 years), 34 patients with 35 isolated meniscus repairs (4F: 30 M) with an average age of 16 (9.9 - 18.7) were included in this study. Of the 35 knees (34 patients), none had "failed" or re-injured their affected meniscus since mid-term follow-up in 2008. The average IKDC score was 92.1 which was found to be significantly increased when compared to both preoperative IKDC 64.7 (P<.0001) and mid-term IKDC scores, 89.8 (p=.02). However, the average Tegner score (6.5) was significantly lower than both pre-operative 8.28 (p<.0001) and the mid-term Tegner average 8.25 (p<.0001). Patients with a meniscus re-tear and subsequent partial meniscectomy had lower IKDC scores than clinically successful repairs (88.9 vs 94.0), but this did not reach statistical significance (p=.09). There was no correlation for Tegner or IKDC values with 1) rim width, 2) current age, 3) time elapsed since surgery, or 4) time from injury to surgery. There were also no differences in Tegner or IKDC scores when comparing; medial versus lateral, left versus right, tear types, surgical repair technique, or male vs female. Conclusion: This study demonstrates very good clinical long-term outcomes following meniscal repair in a pediatric population.


This workshop provides a forum for discussing experiences and issues related to tacit knowledge [Polanyi 1967] in collaborative systems. Beginning with early CSCW systems, tacit knowledge of work practice, in terms of unspoken assumptions and exceptions, has posed difficult problems for system designers. Analyses by Ehn [1988], Grudin [t994] and others [Bullen and Bennett 1990] show that tacit knowledge continues to play a disturbingly large role in the problems most CSCW systems struggle with. Humans make excellent use of tacit knowledge. Anaphora, ellipses, unstated shared understanding are all used in the service of our collaborative relationships. But when human-human collaboration becomes human-computer-human collaboration, tacit knowledge becomes a problem.


The conventional chest radiograph remains a widely tool in the diagnosis of lung diseases even to the present day. Current methods or algorithms for disease detection focus on the discrimination between normal images and images with signs of disease involving chest radiograph. This paper proposed a novel algorithm to solve the difficult problem of discriminating two similar diseases, pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and lobar pneumonia (PNEU) using phase congruency. The phase congruency PC(x) parameter estimation was studied to obtain the best PC(x)-values that has the ability to differentiate between normals, PTB and PNEU. Eight texture measures of PC(x) values were then investigated as global measures for differentiation of diseases. All eight of these texture measures were found to have univariate normal distributions which allowed the statistical discriminant function, D(x), to select the best texture measures. The homogeneity texture measure gave the best discrimination for PTB and PNEU with Type 1 Error of 0.1 while the Type II Error of 0.15.


* Introduction * The Geography of Empire * From Foundation to Rebellion * Warlords and Monopolists * Urban Life * Rural Society * The Outer World * Kinship * Religion * Writing * Conclusion * Dates and Dynasties * Pronunciation Guide * Notes * Bibliography * Acknowledgments * Index


This paper presents an overview of the current municipal solid waste (MSW) management in Rasht City, Guilan Province, Iran, followed by evaluating the potential for waste-to-energy. The data of different MSW functional elements were collected from previous works, available reports, interviews and meetings with specialists in the field. About 800 tons MSWs are generated in Rasht per day, of those, over 75% are organic wastes followed by paper and cardboard comprising 5.9%. The daily theoretical energy contained in the city MSWs was estimated to be over 591.62 megawatt hour (MWh, over 215942.54 MWh per year). Almost 500 tons of daily MSWs are directly transferred to Saravan as the biggest landfill in north of Iran with an area of about 30 ha, while the remaining portion is treated in the Guilan composting plant. Landfill mining calculations showed that we could recycle about 3008947, 36793, 61443 and 18366  tons of plastics, textile, wood and  rubbers collected from Saravan landfill respectively. A simple assessment of waste-to-energy potentials from organic wastes using operational conversion coefficients revealed that by employing the combination of waste-to-energy and gas turbine technology, an estimated energy of 227.668 MWh can be produced from the Rasht daily food wastes. Although MSW management in Rasht  has been improved over the last decade owing to the establishment of waste recycling and composting organization, however it is still far from the standard situation due to lack of comprehensive waste management planning, financial resources and infrastructures


A series of new quinclorac family, herbicidal 3-phenyl-5-(3,7-dichloro-8-quinolinyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives as substrate were synthesized and their growth inhibition activity against root and shoot of rice plant (Oryza sativa L.) and barnyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli) were determined. And then comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and molecular holographic quantitative structure- activity relationship (HQSAR) were compared in terms of their potential for predictiability. The statistical results were suggested that HQSAR based model had better predictability than CoMFA model. The selective factors to remove barnyard grass take electron withdrawing groups which can be created positive charge and steric bulky on the phenyl ring. Results revealed that the unknown 2,6-dichloro-substituent, U5 and 2,4,6-trichloro-substituent, U6(=CoMFA: 1.18 & HQSAR: 1.82) were predicted as compound with higher activity and selectivity.


The theory for designing finite impulse response (FIR) frequency sampling digital filters can be extended to two-dimensions. The linear phase frequency response can be represented as a linear combination of individual frequency responses corresponding to the filter's bands. The design of two-dimensional frequency sampling filters (FSF) has been treated in the past by using the technique of linear programming to find the optimal values of the transition samples. Although in theory the method guarantees an optimal solution, convergence problems occured. This paper will introduce some detail of a one-dimensional FSF design tech nique and then extend these concepts to the two-dimensional problem. The mean of the squared error in both the stopband and the passband is mini mized subject to constraints on the filter's stopband. The filter's coefficients be calculated by solving a linear system of equations.


The sensitivity of sugar beet leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora beticola to fungicides used in Turkey was determined using a mycelial growth assay in petri dishes with 100 fungal isolates. The isolates were obtained from samples collected from 6 sugar beet production areas in 2005 and 2006. Flutriafol, mancozeb, and fentin acetate were added to Aspergillus complete medium (ACM) at the rates of 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, and 10.0 µg mL-1, and then mycelial growth was measured. ED50 values of flutriafol for all the isolates from the sugar beet production areas ranged from 0.04 to >10.0 µg mL-1. Tolerance to this fungicide was very high in 2 regions (Adapazari and Carsamba) where the disease is very prevalent due to climatic conditions. In these 2 areas 74.1%, 55.5%, 81.2%, and 68.7% of the isolates grew with 5 and 10 µg mL-1 of flutriafol, respectively (1 µg mL-1 flutriafol is considered inhibitory to the growth of the fungus). In the other 4 regions included in the study, tolerance was not as high. Tolerance to mancozeb developed in all the regions; however, the percentage of tolerant isolates was lowest in Carsamba (6%) and highest in Susurluk (47.3%). Tolerance to fentin acetate varied according to the criteria used for evaluation.


We study the impact on shape parameters of an underlying Bienaym\'e-Galton-Watson branching process (height, width and first hitting time), of having a non-spatial branching mechanism with infinite variance. Aiming at providing a comparative study of the spread of an epidemics whose dynamics is given by the modulus of a branching Brownian motion (BBM) we then consider spatial branching processes in dimension d, not necessarily integer. The underlying branching mechanism is then either a binary branching model or one presenting infinite variance. In particular we evaluate the chance p(x) of being hit if the epidemics started away at distance x. We compute the large x tail probabilities of this event, both when the branching mechanism is regular and when it exhibits very large fluctuations.


Since electrical energy is essential in human life, it is necessary to find out a way to reduce its consumption. In the past, in Thailand, they had to provide much energy to roadway lighting system because main lighting equipment has consumed high energy to generate lighting in the roadway. But today, we are increasingly aware of energy consumption. As a result, Light Emitting Diode (LED) luminaires are considered to be used in roadway lighting system, to replace conventional inefficient lighting lamps; this is due to their greater energy efficiency, high color rendering index (CRI) (70-90), and long life. However, LED luminaires have some disadvantages concerning harmonic generation issued from LED's driver. Hence, in this paper, LED luminaire will be studied in terms of power quality improvement by using AC-side Inductor Harmonic Filter. An experimental setup will be designed to measure the electrical parameters. The experimental results show that, without the filter, LED luminaire contains much harmonic current distortion (THDi), but when inserting the filter, the harmonic current distortion is decreased. However, to ensure the overall functioning of the system, the final results of harmonic current distortion should be complied with the limit value of IEC 61000-3-2 standard.


Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential nutrients for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) growth, but P deficiency in soil is a common phenomenon. Applying an appropriate amount of P fertilizer for alfalfa in the establishment year improves winter survival, helps achieve sustainable high yields, and promotes the best economic returns. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different P fertilization rates (0, 22, 44, and 66 kg P ha−1) on winter survival, forage yield, and root traits of a dormant and semi-dormant alfalfa cultivar in the establishment and first production year. Our results showed that applying an appropriate amount of P fertilizer can increase forage yield and enhance the persistence of late-summer seeded alfalfa by promoting the development of crown and root traits and improving winter survival, especially for semi-dormant cultivars. Late-summer seeding and application of appropriate P fertilizer rates are effective agronomic methods for alfalfa in cold and arid winter regions, and can be used as strategies to improve fertility and stabilize soil from wind erosion for sustainable agriculture. To obtain high rate of survival in winter, the optimal P fertilization rates for the dormant and semi-dormant alfalfa cultivars in this study were 31.4 and 41.3 kg P ha−1, whereas the optimum P application rates for high forage yields were 31.3 and 31.5 kg P ha−1, respectively.


In this paper, we introduce a secure energy trading auction approach to schedule the power plant limited resources during peak hours time slots. In the proposed auction model, the power plant serving a power grid shares with the smart meters its available amount of resources that is expected during the next future peak time slot; smart meters expecting a demand for additional power participate in the power auction by submitting bids of their offered price for their requested amount of power. In order to secure the power auction and protect smart meters' privacy, homomorphic encryption through Paillier cryptosystem is used to secure the bidding values and ensure avoiding possible insincere behaviors of smart meters or the grid operator (i.e. the auctioneer) to manipulate the auction for their own benefits. In addition, we use a payment rule that maximizes the power plant's revenue. We propose an efficient power scheduling mechanism to distribute the operator's limited resources among smart meters participating in the power auction. Finally, we present simulation results for the performance of our secure power scheduling auction mechanism.


In the last decade, very active research in the field of ultrasound medical imaging has brought to the development of new advanced image formation techniques and of high-performance systems able to effectively implement them [...]


This article presents the development of an application (App) for mobile devices to visualize hotspots in the road network of Madrid metropolitan area, which is also aimed at warning drivers when approaching those hotspots. The paper describes, firstly, the nature of data used and their provenance, and then puts the focus on the Extraction, Transformation and Loading Process (or ETL Process) carried out for the generation of the structured data used by the App. Afterwards, the main features and functionalities of the developed App are also described.


Background and experience Vassilis holds a PhD in Computer Science. His research focuses on the intersection of people, spaces, and technology at the city scale. He has been involved in a number of crossdisciplinary research projects addressing issues such as urban flows and networks, metrics for pervasive systems, pervasive systems and urban design, social and complex network analysis, urban transport, emulation and simulation of epidemics. He organised the first workshop on Social Networks and Ubiquitous Computing at the NetSci 2008 conference, bringing together for the first time experts on network science and ubiquitous computing.


Only a few of the interviews fall flat. Most are replete with interesting biographical details. We learn, for instance, that Milton Friedman and Anna Schwartz's A Monetary of History of the United States—which an EH.Net panel selected as one of the dozen most influential economic history publications of the twentieth century—also served as Schwartz's doctoral dissertation; that Jon Hughes married secretly—because Rhodes scholars weren't allowed to marry—and that Nate Rosenberg was his best man; and that in 1941 at the age of 22, Bill Parker oversaw the air conditioning industry at the Office of Production Management—and was treated "with great deference" by "terribly worried" VP's from Carrier and Frigidaire. Unfortunately, some of the interviews seem to have consciously avoided the most interesting nonacademic experiences of the interviewees—such as Robert Fogel's life as a Communist Party organizer or Walt Rostow's experiences as a presidential advisor during the Vietnam War. If we are lucky, in another decade or two someone will be asked to review this book's successor, which will bring together the reminiscences, ruminations, and insights of the next generation of cliometricians.


The present study was carried out in one urban and one rural co-educational senior secondary schools of Panchkula district of Haryana state. Twenty five girl students from classes 7, 8, 9, 10 were selected randomly from each school, making a total sample of 200 girls. Fifty mothers and 25 teachers from rural and urban areas were also selected. Well-structured interview schedules were constructed separately for girls, mothers and teachers for data collection. Result revealed that most of respondents had medium level of exposure and low.


The current study aimed at examining future image and positive thinking in relation to crises among Palestinian youth in Gaza governorates. It also attempted to recognize the nature of differences in the participants' responses to future image scale, positive thinking scale, and crises scale in reference to gender, major, and residence. The sample of the study was composed of 849 male and female students selected from AlAqsa University and Al-Azhar University. The study used three scales: future image scale, positive thinking scale, and crises scale. Results concluded that Palestinian youth suffering from crises was high )i.e., 79.67%(, as they experienced different types of crises, including economic crises which got the first rank )85.51%) followed by political crises ) 81.22%(, academic crises )78.88%(, social cultural crises )77.46%(, security crises )75.44%), and finally psychological crises )74.53%). Furthermore, the study showed )47.60%( of the participants had unclear and ambiguous image of future. It was also concluded that )83.37%( of the participants had a high level of positive thinking. There also was a negative correlational relation between the participants' responses to crises scale and their responses to positive thinking scale and future image scale. Moreover, the study revealed that while there were no statistically significant differences in the means of the participants' responses to future image scale attributed to gender and major, there were differences attributed to residence in favor of those residing in cities. It was also shown that there were no statistically significant differences in the means of the participants' responses to overall scale of crises and its dimensions, except future expectation in favor of people residing in camps and academic crises in favor of scientific majors,. The study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences in the participants' responses to overall positive thinking scale and its dimensions except future expectations in favor of females. and the overall score of the scale and variables of self-leadership and cognitive habits in favor of people residing in camps and self-leadership in favor of scientific majors. Future Image and Positive Thinking in Relation to Crises among Palestinian Youth in Gaza Governorates


Introduction There have been intense renewal scientific and technological interests in polyolefins and polyolefin blends since the innovation of metallocenes catalysts in the past decade. The metallocene-based polyolefins have substantially narrower molecular mass distributions and more controlled chain architecture or stereospecificity than the materials produced from conventional heterogeneous Ziegler-Natta catalysts. 3-4 As the final properties of polyolefins are affected by chemical composition, chain architecture, crystal structure, morphology and processing, systematic studies on statistical polyethylene copolymers and blends of two polyolefins: poly(ethylene-cohexene) (PEH) and poly(ethylene-co-butylene) (PEB), have been carried out in our group. In the blend system, simultaneous occurrences of crystallization and liquid-liquid phase separation can lead to a complicated morphology. Based on knowledge of the competition of liquid-liquid phase separation and crystallization in quiescent state of the blends, we recently performed the step shear induced crystallization study by time-resolved synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) technique. In this paper, we reported the results of crystallization in PEH, one component of the blends, subjected to the controlled step shear.


Out of 81 patients suffering from velopharyngeal incompetence, nine persons were found to have developed nasal speech (Rhinolalia) after having undergone tonsillo-adenoidectomy. The velopharyngeal incompetence was corroborated by cinefluorography and respiratory studies. These nine patients underwent an electromyographic study as well, which revealed sub-mucous cleft-palate in six of them. The role of tonsillo-adenoidectomy in breaking down compensated palato-pharyngeal incompetence is discussed.


The Reformed Religion was brought into Transylvania in 1550 and swiftly adopted by a part of the Hungarian nobility and the urban patriciate. In the inter-war period, after the Greater Union of all the Romanian Provinces on December 1, 1918 the Reformed Church had two Episcopates: the Episcopate of Transylvania and 'Piatra Craiului' Episcopate. Major changes in the numerical evolution and territorial distribution of the Reformed Transylvanian populations were the following: a) a decrease from 497,861 faithful in 1930 to 476,481 in 2002 due to negative birth-rates after 1990 – which is not specific to this confessional group alone, but to most religious communities, and emigration to Central and West-European countries; b) changes in the distribution of the Calvinist believers by habitat, from 21 % in the town area of 1930 to some 53 % in the urban of 2002.


Eggs were incubated at various frequencies of turning (tilting through 90°) and their hatchability compared with eggs incubated as controls at 24 turns per day evenly distributed throughout the 24 hr. The turning treatments were: 0, once in 2 days, 2, 6, 12, 48, 96, 144, 192 and 480 turns per day. Differences in hatch of fertile eggs between the treated and control eggs at each level of turning were obtained and used to indicate the trend of hatchability in response to varying turning frequency and also the optimum rate of turning. This was observed to be 96 turns per day. Nil or few turns per day gave very poor results and at very high frequencies (up to 480x) hatchability decreased only slightly relative to the turning frequency.


We prove that if 2 2 then the number of paths of length three in a graphGof size m is at most 2m(m - k)(k - 2)=k. Equality is attained if G is the union of Kk and isolated vertices. We also give asymptotically best possible bounds for the maximal number of paths of length s, for arbitrary s, in graphs of size m. Lastly,we discuss the more general problem of maximizing the number of subgraphs isomorphic to a given graph H in graphs of size m.


Sound and photographic work examining the environmental situation in the Italian city of Taranto, currently western Europe's most polluted city. This was part of the exhibition 'Correnti Seducttivo' following a residency there during October 2013. Other participants Alessandra Eramo, Wendelin Buchler, Georg Klein, Steffi Weismann.


This thought-provoking and amusing selection, taken from Attar's Memorial of the Saints, is an enlightening introduction to the deeds, parables, and mirades of Muslim saints and mystics, and evokes the riches of the interior Sufi world.


A unified protocol is essential to ensure that fetal ultrasound measurements taken in multicentre research studies are accurate and reproducible. This paper describes the methodology used to take two‐dimensional, ultrasound measurements in the longitudinal, fetal growth component of the INTERGROWTH‐21st Project. These standardised methods should minimise the systematic errors associated with pooling data from different study sites. They represent a model for carrying out similar research studies in the future.


This study proposes that dingo predation on livestock can be managed by adapting livestock husbandry to suit Australian environments. Livestock enterprises affected by predation should be encouraged to: • Reduce local attractants, such as unspayed domestic dogs; and • Increase use of deterrents, such as guard animals. Culling by appropriate authorities of troublesome individual dingoes involved in persistent predation of livestock should be an option only if the pastoralist has reduced attractants and increased deterrents. It is anticipated that adaptive management of livestock, in association with recent understanding of dingo biology, will reduce conflicts, assist objectives for conservation and improve biological stability in unstable Australian ecosystems.


oxygen saturation monitoring should be routine practice' in endoscopy in the elderly. Their paper does not support this view. Their results show very small differences in oxygen saturation between those given oxygen and those given air, with narrow confidence intervals. They also show no difference in the frequency of arrhythmias between the groups. The logical conclusion is, at least superficially, the complete opposite, namely that oxygen supplementation is valueless in preventing arrhythmias. This conclusion is in harmony with much published evidence, which they quote. It may be at variance with professional opinion but evidence is to be preferred to opinion.


The paper presents a modern pedagogical technology for the critical thinking development, aimed at forming the pupils' ability to analyze facts, phenomena, and processes from the standpoint of logic in their relationship and interdependence. It reveals the specifics of critical thinking development technology, provides a description of the methodology for critical thinking development using the example of teaching the Russian language at high school: the stages of the educational process (challenge, comprehension, reflection), techniques and methods of this technology, examples of their application and advantages of use. In course of the study, the authors conclude that the critical thinking development technology is implemented through the interactive inclusion of students in the educational space through a specific organization of the educational process based on three main stages and a system of teaching methods that consistently implement the tasks at each stage. The critical thinking development technology activates the pupils' mental and speech activity and contributes to their active involvement in the educational and cognitive process. The study is based on the methods of observation, analysis, synthesis, description, comparison, and generalization.


Community's role in the forestry sector should be encouraged by the
government of one of them is the development of small scale private forest.
Government as a facilitator has to improve the dissemination and information
services for data sharing and the perception in the development of small scale
private forests to small scale private forest business. This study aims to develop a
management information system in a small scale private forest by creating a
Geodatabase and WebGIS. This information system includes the distribution and
potential of small scale private forest.
The method used in this study is system development life cycle (SDLC)
with a prototyping model. SDLC with a prototyping model is used to simplify and
accelerate the steps of system development life cycle. Information system is
examined in this study using WebGIS that developed by MapServer, Pmapper
framework (PHP script) and PostgreSQL with PostGIS extension facility.
The result of this research is a Geodatabase of the distribution and small
scale private forest potential used to meet the need of the people forest
information presentation in Gunung Kidul regency through WebGIS based people
forest management information system to be delivered to users, among other
things : the distribution of plant species, land ownership, the potential of forest
stands in volume (m3) per plant species and the total area of people forest in a
region simultaneously and can be accessed via a local area network (LAN) or
internet.


The industrial plan by government agency play important role in guiding and encouraging logistics industry. China is in the process ofdrafting the 11th 5-year-plan and policy for logistics industry at central and local government agencies. Review of implemented plans in logistics revealedthat there are a lot of limitations. Comparing with international practice, there are misleading logistics concepts and most plans are limited in traditionaltransportation and warehousing. Also, there are misunderstanding of logistics cost both in macroeconomic and microeconomic sector. When logistics aredeveloped into supply chain management, the industry is closely connected with the improvement of social economic efficiency, the core competitiveness ofmanufactures and coordinated development of regional economy. The planning of logistics industry shall deploy the logistics concept, define logistics cost,specify the function of supply chain management in the improvement of core competitiveness of manufacture, and implement logistics and supply chain asan integrated part of economic system. This will result in the encouragement of logistics outsource and give incentive to 3PL development so that the overallgoal of planning will be achieved.


In the process of the fault diagnosis of analog circuits,feature extraction and classifier design are two critical aspects. Most methods classify fault circuit via support vector machine( SVM) using extracted time or frequency features. In order to improve the diagnostic accuracy,we propose a new circuits fault diagnosis method based on wavelet statistical features. For a faulty circuit,we firstly emulate its time domain responses and decompose them into wavelet coefficients. Then we calculate the average,standard deviation,kurtosis,entropy and skewness of the detail coefficients before composing them into statistical feature vectors. Finally,all faulty circuits feature vectors are classified using SVM method. For optimizing the SVM parameters,cross validation is also exploited in the classification stage. Experiment results show that the proposed method is effective in the circuits fault diagnosis with an accuracy over 99%,better than that by traditional methods.


already experiencing significant revenue and job losses. The ability to 'Work from Home' (WFH) can helpdamp down the impact of the situation, undoubtedly. Overall, the effects of WFH arrangements rely a loton the job status of parents and presence of dependents (children & elderly), and this current situation islikely to intensify these differences. It does not necessarily mean, however, that the effect of the crisisshould inevitably be gender neutral. Working women have been particularly affected. It seems to be veryfascinating to work from home, while sitting on a comfortable couch, casually dressed, even sometimesin sleep suits, without stepping out in scorching heat and wasting time in traveling, but this may not be apreferred situation for everybody, especially women. The most significant impact on working womenduring the crisis will be trying to balance household demands, childcare needs and work demands.The group most likely to be hardest hit then would be lower income families with young children, and singlemothers in particular. Generally women are in charge of planning, organizing and recalling of everythingthat needs to be remembered. The mental stress and load that comes with such work has risenexponentially in present circumstances. Even though many countries are relied on lockdown to controlwidespread of COVID-19 pandemic, the mental problems such as depression, anxiety, insomnia, suicidalthoughts and other psychological trauma are most common in case of normal individual and extensive incase of people who are psychologically ill. Females are more prone to psychological distress. The mainconcern is to manage and provide opportunities for regulation of stress caused due to anxiety and lack ofpeer contact. Another main threat is an increased risk of parents to develop mental illness, women mayalso suffer from domestic violence and consequently it results child maltreatment. The current scenariomay be particularly challenging especially for children and adolescents with special needs ordisadvantages, such as disabilities, also if someone has prior trauma experiences, undiagnosed mentalhealth problems, background of migration and low socioeconomic status.Dr. Sana HassanUniversity College of Medicine and Dentistry,The University of Lahore, Teaching Hospital,Lahore, Pakistan


ficient information for the novice wishing to understand this technique. The body of the volume is an annotated bibliograph of more than eleven hundred factor analytic studies which have appeared in the psychological and educational research literature from 1971-1975, inclusive. The studies have appeared in the Journal of Applied Psychology, Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Journal of Counseling Psychology, Journal of Educational Psychology, Journal of Experimental Psychology, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Psychometrika, Multivariate Behavioral Research, Educational and Psychological Measurement, Journal of Clinical Psychology, Journal of Personality, Archives of General Psychiatry, Psychological Reports, Perceptual and Motor Skills, Journal of Social Psychology, Personnel Psychology, Child Development, American Journal of Mental Deficiency, American Journal of Psychology, Australian Journal of Psychology, Canadian Journal of Psychology, British Journal of Medical Psychology, British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, Genetic Psychology Monographs, Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, Journal of General Psychology, American Educational Research Journal, Journal of Experimental Education, Journal of Educational Research, Journal of Educational Measurement, Journal of Special Education, and the Journal of Learning Disabilities. The summaries are organized following a standard format of: purpose, subjects, variables, method, and results. In some instances, conclusions are also noted. The authors have divided the bibliographic entries along the line of disciplines within the field of psychology. The divisions, and hence chapters, are experimental psychology, physiological psychology, animal psychology, developmental psychology, social psychology, personality, clinical psychology, educational psychology and personnel and industrial psychology. Further, each of the chapters are divided into specific areas such as perception, childhood, etc. Some areas, such


As far as I can recall I have not had the privilege of making a communication to this Section for over thirty years, and if I now break silence here it is not because I believe that I possess some special insight into the future of neurology, by which I mean neurological medicine, but because I feel considerable anxiety for the future of a branch of medicine to which my professional life has so long been devoted, and grave doubt as to whether we are giving sufficient thought to the problems that surround it if it is to remain an active, advancing and fruitful branch of medicine. I hope it will be clear that what I propose to discuss is neurological medicine itself and not the theme of the economic future of neurologists. I shall not put the cart before the horse. Now it may seem absurd to you that I should feel these misgivings, and you may come to the conclusion that I am living in the past and have lost touch with what is happening around me in neurology. "After all", you may say, "are we not hot upon the heels of every fresh advance in electrophysiology and applied electronics, using each new technique with conspicuous ingenuity, has not the application of this knowledge provided us with a diagnostic weapon of great value in the method of electroencephalography, produced a most voluminous and impressive literature, banded eager young men together all over the world in electroencephalographic societies, and, finally, given a half-title to a newjournal, Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology ? ": a title wherein we see a technique taking precedence of a science in a manner so symbolic of the modern outlook, and so wanting in a sense of the ridiculous. Let me put your minds at ease. Obviously, there are senses in which we are extremely up to date, and it is not my purpose this evening to dispute this, but rather to ask whether our enterprise is taking neurology in any clearly thought-out direction, and whether the time may not Jave come to ask ourselves about what is not going on in neurology. For us, then, what is a relevant direction of advance? I have defined neurology as neurological medicine. The term has other references, but for the moment I am speaking as a physician charged with the care of the sick, responsible to the level of my knowledge and ability for the diagnosis and treatment of particular persons, and also, as far as the quest for new knowledge is incumbent upon me, responsible for seeking the causes and modes of development of nervous diseases, and for effective remedies for them. In short, I submit that the primary research responsibility of the neurologist is to look for the causes and to seek the cure and prevention of the illnesses that come within his scope. Of course, this is putting the case crudely, but surely with a realism that it is not unfair to expect from us. What are we doing in this regard? At once we encounter the problem of the modes of research and tlV branches of science involved if we are to achieve success in this most difficult task; yet one whiciWis implicit in our profession: and this in turn brings us to the consideration ofwhat have hitherto been the main lines that neurologists have followed in their original work and thought, and of whether these still remain adequate to the discharge of what I have called our responsibilities to the sick committed to our care.


We introduce a temporal logic to reason on global applications in an asynchronous setting. First, we define the Distributed States Logic (DSL), a modal logic for localities that embeds the local theories of each component into a theory of the distributed states of the system. We provide the logic with a sound and complete axiomatization. The contribution is that it is possible to reason about properties that involve several components, even in the absence of a global clock. Then, we define the Distributed States Temporal Logic (DSTL) by introducing temporal operators a' la Unity. We support our proposal by working out a pair of examples: a simple secure communication system, and an algorithm for distributed leader election.
The motivation for this work is that the existing logics for distributed systems do not have the right expressive power to reason on the systems behaviour, when the communication is based on asynchronous message passing. On the other side, asynchronous communication is the most used abstraction when modelling global applications.


EVALITA (http://www.evalita.it/) is the reference evaluation campaign of both Natural Language Processing and Speech Technologies for the Italian language. The objective of the shared tasks proposed at EVALITA is to promote the development of language technologies for Italian, providing a common framework where different systems and approaches can be evaluated and compared in a consistent manner. This volume collects the final and extended contributions presented at EVALITA 2011, the third edition of the evaluation campaign. The 36 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 87 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections roughly corresponding to evaluation tasks: parsing - dependency parsing track, parsing - constituency parsing track, domain adaptation for dependency parsing, named entity recognition on transcribed broadcast news, cross-document coreference resolution of named person entities, anaphora resolution, supersense tagging, frame labeling over italian texts, lemmatisation, automatic speech recognition - large vocabulary transcription, forced alignment on spontaneous speech.


Platynereis dumerilii are marine worms that reproduce by external fertilisation and exhibit particular swimming behaviours during spawning. In this paper we propose a novel worm tracking approach that enables the 2D tracking and feature extraction during the spawning process of these worms. The gathered data will be used in the future to characterise and to compare male and female spawning behaviours.


2002 is virtually identical to that of the 1930s, despite numerous policy initiatives. We regularly observe that as people from the Gorbals find work, they tend to move away. Could it be that an exclusive focus on the market economy, at the expense of what Cahn terms the 'household' economy of family and community, has contributed to the cycle of apparently never-ending areabased regeneration? Accepting this premise will require a considerable leap of imagination on the part of government. Equally, however, without the capacity to provide meaningful recognition for community activism – acknowledging that it is work – then much of the potential of Time Banking will be lost. Yet the argument should be winnable. The minimum wage has been set at such a low level that the bill for 'top up' benefits for those in work actually doubled to £5.2 billion between 1999 and 2001. There is also some evidence that many unscrupulous employers still find ways to avoid paying the minimum wage (Abrams, 2002). Factor in a significant debt burden in workless households, and for many citizens there are few rational reasons to attempt to find work. What will the Chancellor do? Agree a meaningful increase in the minimum wage and provide the Low Pay Commission with teeth? Dock benefits and make the poor even poorer? Or embrace complementary currencies such as time money as a viable alternative to welfare-to-work? It seems after all that Time Banks may turn out to be a force for love and money.


Sferics used in audio-frequency magnetotellurics (AMT) for shallow conductivity-depth soundings (up to 400 m in a 1000 Ωm half-space at 1.5 kHz) are detected by global lightning networks, which catalogue the time and location of up to four million lightning strikes per day. Passive AMT surveys do not use source information, but rather assume that global lightning activity provides sufficient signal if data are acquired for long enough. This assumption not only limits survey productivity, but can also result in poor signal-to-noise ratios (S/N), particularly at dead-band frequencies (1.5–5 kHz). To increase S/N and survey productivity, we used lightning network data as a proxy for direct measurement of sferic source information. We carried out a Global Positioning System (GPS) synchronised AMT survey, and for each lightning strike in the catalogue we modelled earth-ionosphere waveguide propagation to accurately predict arrival time for every predicted sferic in our time series data. We extracted a window of data around each predicted sferic and stored these time series into a structured database with associated lightning network data, such as lightning peak current, polarity and geographical coordinates. Two examples from our sferic database show that lightning network data are accurate enough to predict amplitude and polarisation of sferics at our survey site. For large lightning peak current, we observed a strong correlation between source proximity and increased S/N, particularly at dead-band frequencies, which often correlate to induction scales pertinent to mineral exploration. Our findings establish an interconnected relationship between lightning network data and lightning sourced fields, introducing known source AMT. Global lightning networks catalogue the time and location of up to four million lightning strikes per day. We use lightning network data to predict sferic arrival times, vertical electric field amplitudes and arrival azimuths at an audio-frequency magnetotelluric sounding near Heathcote, Victoria.


Objectives The natural history of HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is still largely unknown. Since reports of second primary tumors (SPTs) in patients with HPV-related OPSCCs are increasing, a multifocal HPV infection, hinting a «virus-induced field effect», has been hypothesized. This study aimed to investigate the HPV-prevalence in normal appearing oropharyngeal tissue in patients with OPSCCs. Materials and Methods 49 OPSCC patients undergoing panendoscopy were prospectively enrolled. Tumor specimens and biopsies of normal appearing oropharyngeal tissue adjacent to and distant from the index OPSCC underwent histopathological examination, p16INK4A immunohistochemical staining, HPV DNA and mRNA-detection. Patient characteristics and follow-up data on SPTs were obtained. Results 26 of 49 (53%) OPSCC were positive for HPV DNA and p16INK4A. HPV mRNA was detected in 23 of 26 (88%) of these tumor samples. HPV DNA was detected in 36% adjacent mucosa and in 17% distant mucosa samples and only in patients with an HPV-related index OPSCC. HPV mRNA could not be detected in tumor-free distant and adjacent mucosa samples. No evidence of association between HPV detection in normal appearing mucosa and development of second primary tumors was found. Conclusions HPV was detectable but not transcriptionally active in adjacent/distant tumor-free oropharyngeal tissue. This suggests that a multifocal HPV infection, hinting a «virus-induced fielcd cancerization», may not be pertaining to HPV-related OPSCC.


One of the major problems that the world is facing is the environmental pollution. Among these, the appropriate management of the hazardous and special wastes is significantly important especially for the economically developing countries. Another problem that the authorities in the waste management are combating is the wastes of natural disasters such as flooding, earthquake and fire. Lack of the related regulations and necessary systems, experts in the field and ignorance of the authorities make the solution of these problems much more difficult.


As the macadamia industry has matured, a presumed relationship between tree age and declining yields has been identified as a potential threat to the industry's future sustainability. Despite some evidence to support performance decline in older trees, there is evidence that some farms continue performing well despite tree age.
There is both anecdotal evidence and logic to suggest that yield declines in older orchards may be related to tree height rather than age. Clarifying relationships between tree height and productivity could provide the quantitative information required to inform growers about the value of tree height reduction strategies in older orchards. This project aimed to source existing Light Imaging, Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) tree height data for a sample of mature macadamia orchards and relate this to annual yield and kernel recovery data sourced from the macadamia benchmarking project (MC15005).
 LIDAR can be used to rapidly collect detailed information on tree or canopy height. For this project, existing LIDAR data was sourced and processed by an external partner (GES Mapping) for nine orchards in the older NSW Northern Rivers macadamia growing region. This canopy height information was then related to whole-orchard yield and quality data from the project "Benchmarking the macadamia industry 2015-2018".
The project did not find clear relationships between macadamia canopy height and yield or quality, partly due to the low number of suitable orchards available for analysis. This low number was due to the spread of LIDAR mapping over many years, as well as a difference in the resolution of the benchmarking and LIDAR data sets. Also affecting the ability to identify relationships was the age of relevant LIDAR data. However clear understanding of how best to overcome these limitations was gained and practical recommendations made, including collaboration between current macadamia research projects.


To the Editor.—
 Despite several decades of study, retinopathy of prematurity remains incompletely understood. The role of oxygen in the pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity has received much attention.1,2 I wish to suggest a modification of the hypothesis that retinopathy of prematurity is caused by oxidative damage to the developing retina. I propose that during the first few weeks of life the developing retina is abnormally susceptible to damage by oxygen because it is exposed to elevated concentrations of ionic iron capable of catalyzing the formation of toxic oxygen species.


In this paper, innovative ocean wave power takeoff (PTO) system is presented to enhance the electrical energy generation from oscillating wave motions. This PTO system, mainly consisting of dual-ball screws, a gearbox with mechanical motion rectification and a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), can convert bidirectional irregular motions from a floating wave buoy into unidirectional steady generator rotations. Systematical operating principles, design, and prototyping details of the PTO system are presented and analyzed. A hydrodynamic–mechanical–electrical model of the system is established by reasonably representing power switches attached to the PMSG as an equivalent external resistance. The overall dynamics of the system are then analyzed in the frequency domain. Three power control strategies are proposed to maximize the wave power absorption by changing the equivalent external resistance. The effectiveness and relatively high-energy conversion efficiency of the PTO system have been demonstrated based on lab bench test results. The levelized cost of energy of a full-scale wave energy converter system is also calculated based on the proposed PTO system.


Glioblastomas (GBMs) remain the deadliest human brain tumors, with poor prognosis despite years of research. Currently, standard therapeutic strategies to treat GBM are not efficient and common survival from diagnosis is ~12–16 months. Thus, identification of new diagnostic/prognostic/therapeutic tools to tackle GBMs is crucial. Emerging evidence indicates that the cellular machinery controlling alternative splicing is altered in tumor pathologies, leading to oncogenic splicing events linked to tumor progression. Accordingly, we aimed to determine the expression pattern of the spliceosome components (SCs) and splicing factors (SFs) in high-grade astrocytomas (HGAs), mostly GBMs, and to ascertain the potential consequences of its dysregulation on GBM development. To this end, expression levels of SCs core and selected SFs were measured using a customized-microfluidic qPCR array in a well-characterized cohort of HGAs (n=33). Our results unveiled a profound alteration in the expression of multiple SCs and SFs in HGAs compared to healthy brain control-samples, wherein levels of particular elements (SRSF3/RBM22/PTBP1/RBM3) enabled perfect discrimination between non-pathological vs. tumor human-tissues, and between proneural and mesenchymal-like GBMs vs. control samples in mouse-models. Results were confirmed in an independent validation-cohort (n=49) and available Microarray dataset (Murat), which revealed that the expression of these splicing elements was correlated with relevant tumor markers and with survival. Remarkably, SRSF3/RBM22/PTBP1/RBM3 silencing (using specific siRNAs) decreased several aggressiveness parameters in vitro (e.g. proliferation, migration, tumorsphere formation, VEGFA secretion, etc.) and induced apoptosis, being SRSF3 the most relevant element affecting these parameters. Hence, a preclinical mouse model (U87MG-xenografts) with SRSF3 silencing drastically decreased in vivo tumor development/progression (i.e. tumor size, %MKI67, mitosis number, etc.) likely through a molecular/cellular mechanism involving the regulation of PDGFRB expression and its associated oncogenic signaling pathways. Overall, our results demonstrate that there is a profound dysregulation of the splicing machinery (spliceosome core and SFs) in HGAs/GBMs, which is directly associated to the development/progression of GBMs. Furthermore, this study reveals that SRSF3 can be a novel biomarker of malignancy and a potential therapeutic target to impair GBMs progression.


Different information retrieval models produce different retrieval results, and have different efficiencies. The paper firstly introduced the basic information retrieval process, and then listed three types of information retrieval models according to two dimensions and their relationships, and lastly gave out related calculation formulas for performance measure of information retrieval models.


The large eddy simulation (LES) technique for turbulent flows has become a standard tool of academic research but has yet to truly make an impact on the engineering design and analysis process in more applied situations. The talk will identify a range of reasons for this situation, and will describe recent work towards solving two of the main obstacles: the need for robust and accurate wall-models in LES, and the need for a solution-driven approach to grid-adaptation in LES. The proposed approach to wall-modeling is based on the multi-scale nature of turbulent boundary layers and on the need for showing grid-convergence in numerical simulations. These considerations naturally lead to a number of criteria on wall-modeled LES, and a simple method that satisfies these criteria is presented. This is then shown to lead to excellent accuracy on a number of test cases, including of separated flows [1]. Given the importance of the grid in determining the accuracy of wall-modeled LES (and LES in general), the talk will then discuss recent work on grid-adaptation for LES of wall-bounded flows. A directional error indicator is introduced, which measures the level of kinetic energy at scales near the grid-spacing in a directional manner; this then enables the grid to be adapted to resolve the turbulence in a more balanced way. The method is tested on turbulent channels and the flow over a backward-facing step with very reasonable results [2]. REFERENCES [1] J. Larsson, S. Kawai, J. Bodart, I. Bermejo-Moreno, "Large eddy simulation with modeled wallstress: recent progress and future directions", JSME Mech. Eng. Reviews 3, (2016). [2] S. Toosi, J. Larsson, "Anisotropic grid-adaptation in large eddy simulations", Comput. Fluids 156, (2017).


DNA ligases are the enzymes essential for DNA replication, repair and recombination in all organisms. The bacterial DNA ligases involved in DNA replication require NAD+ for activity, but eukaryotic and viral DNA ligases require ATP. Because of their essential nature, unique structures and widespread existence in nature, bacterial DNA ligases represent a class of valuable targets for identifying novel and selective antibacterial agents. In this study, we cloned and expressed the ligA gene from Streptococcus pneumoniae, and characterized this ligA‐encoded NAD+‐dependent DNA ligase. We then screened small molecule chemical libraries using a biochemical assay and identified a new small molecule with a structure of 2,4‐diamino‐7‐dimethylamino‐pyrimido[4,5‐d]pyrimidine. We show that this small molecule is a specific inhibitor of bacterial NAD+‐dependent DNA ligases. Biochemical studies show that this molecule inhibits NAD+‐dependent DNA ligases, but not ATP‐dependent enzymes. The molecule inhibits NAD+‐dependent DNA ligases competitively with respect to NAD+ and specifically inhibits enzyme adenylation, but not DNA adenylation or ligation. Labeling studies establish that this molecule inhibits the incorporation of thymidine into DNA and that overexpression of DNA ligase in the cell abolishes this inhibition. Finally, microbiological studies show that this molecule exhibits a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Together, this study shows that this small molecule inhibitor identified is specific to bacterial NAD+‐dependent DNA ligases, exhibits a broad spectrum of antibacterial activities, and has the potential to be developed into an antibacterial agent.


he power of visual art lies in its ability to shape perception and understanding and ultimately to lead the viewer's gaze to see what the artist believes is important. Such power can help redefine how we perceive the social landscape. The integration of social and artistic concerns is paramount for the artists featured here, whose collective aim is to challenge, not simply portray, long-standing stereotypes about the poor and to inspire new ways of viewing the conditions of poverty. They hope to elicit an active, engaged, and connected response to the realities of the poor and to establish some common ground between the viewer and the subject that goes beyond mere awareness or detached sympathy. One barrier to a more engaged understanding of poverty is the gulf between expectations and outcomes. Sociologists distinguish between "ideal culture" and "real culture." Ideal culture projects what should be, whereas real culture reflects what is; ideal culture is a prescription for what to believe and how to behave, but real culture is what actually exists. For example, many Americans uphold social equality as an ideal, but in practice groups are treated very differently, creating a reality of social inequality. The artists featured in this issue's photo essay direct our attention to both real and ideal culture, addressing them in ways that make us question what we observe and what we idealize to arrive at new understandings of each. These artists use accessible, innovative media to inspire us to fulfill our ideals rather than to assure us that they've already been fulfilled. Another barrier to a more profound understanding of poverty is the notion that a wider gap exists between the middle and the lower class than between the middle and the upper class. Middle-class Americans profess a desire to help poor people—to bring them closer to self-sufficiency and to reduce the divisions between the upwardly mobile and the impoverished. As a society, we agree that poverty clearly falls outside of our American ideals. Yet as individuals we feel threatened by poverty, and we fail to find common ground with poor people. We resist drawing the parallels that may be necessary to promote dialogue, facilitate understanding, and ultimately bring change. The artists featured here provide lenses through which we can better understand the impoverished existence of many and see how we can work toward a more meaningful existence for us all. They challenge us to critically examine our ideas and observations and to remember what we have in common with each other, rather than how we separate ourselves. They challenge us to see creative thought and action as essential for producing effective solutions to the problems of an ever-changing society. And they remind us that if we remain mindful and motivated, social change can happen. The transformative power of creativity can transcend class distinctions, providing us with a vision for greater equality, a voice for initiating action, and viable solutions for poverty. These artists and their works were featured in the exhibition Borne of Necessity, Weatherspoon Art Museum, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, January 18–April 11, 2004, curated by Ron Platt. Special thanks to Bill Burch for scanning and to Nancy Doll for putting us in contact with the artists.


The interfacial behavior of ionic liquids (ILs) affects their use in many applications including as solvents, electrolytes, and lubricants. Here, we report the wettability and deposition of 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium triflate ([bmim][triflate]) on model surfaces generated by the assembly of thiol- and silane-based monolayers on gold and silicon, respectively. Advancing contact angles of [bmim][triflate] on —CF3, —CH3, ═CH2, —OH, and mixed —CH3/—OH surfaces are found to be intermediate between those of water and hexadecane on the same surfaces and dissimilar to those of dicyclohexyl, which has a similar surface tension as [bmim][triflate] but only dispersive intermolecular interactions. Molecular simulations provide qualitative agreement with experimental contact angles and show that the hydroxyl surface disrupts electrostatic interactions between the ions of the [bmim][triflate] droplet, resulting in lower local surface tensions and increased area of contact. IL films as thin as ∼100 nm were prepared b...


The syntoniser is a valve generator of feeble high-frequency alternating current, the periodicity of which can be varied over wide limits. The instrument is used for the measurement of the wave-length of high-frequency oscillations and also as a heterodyne for C.W. reception. The instrument described was developed by the Air Service during the war. The various applications of this syntoniser and also the method of its accurate calibration from a tuning-fork of known frequency are described in detail.


"Some of the toponyms conveyed by the Cosmography of the Anonymous Geographer of Ravenna are levied by modern critics either corrupt, or, simply, made-up. This is also the case of the toponym from central Dacia, Burticum, believed a double for Brutia (Rav. Cosm., 4.7, namely, the corrupt form of the same Brucla mentioned by the Tabula Peutingeriana, TP 8.2). Compiling the information from two itineraria, Tabula Peutingeriana and the Cosmography of the Anonymous Geographer of Ravenna, shows there were two access routes linking the road on the Olt river valley to the imperial road from central Dacia superior. From Caput Stenarum (Boiţa, Sibiu County), the road climbs to Cedonia (Guşteriţa, Sibiu County) where it bifurcates. The northern branch, described by Tabula Peutingeriana, ran from Cedonia to Sacidava (site La Zid between Doştat and Spring, Alba County) and reached Apulum (Alba Iulia, Alba County). The southern branch, recorded by the Anonymous Geographer of Ravenna, ran from Cedonia to Burticum (the mansio from Miercurea-Băi, Albele), intersecting the imperial road at Blandiana (Şibot or Vinţu de Jos, Alba County). "


A feasibility study was carried out at the Astronomical Observatory of the Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley demonstrating that it is a well-poised site to conduct an upcoming observing campaign aimed at detecting small-size (R<R_Neptune) transiting planets around nearby cool M dwarf stars. Three known transiting planet systems were monitored from May to August 2009 with a 25 cm f/3.8 Maksutov telescope. We reached seeing-independent, best-case photometric RMS less than 0.003 mag for stars with V<13, with a median RMS of 0.006 mag for the whole observing period.


The contrast of the second-order nonlinear optical response between the enol (anti and syn) and keto tautomeric equilibrium of 7-Phenyl-7H-benzo[1,2-b;4,5-b']difuran-2,3,6-trione (PBDT) with donor/acceptor substitution at the para position of phenyl group have been computed involving electron correlation, frequency dispersion, and solvent polarity effects. The Hyper Rayleigh Scattering (HRS) first-hyperpolarisability contrast between the enol and keto forms for PBDT and Nitro-substituted PBDT is 3.5 and 2.8, respectively. However, in NMe2-substituted PBDT, a large contrast ( 12 times) of HRS first hyper-polarisability between enol (anti and syn) and keto form is observed. Present study reveals that electron donor group (–NMe2) in PBDT plays a pivotal role for obtaining very high contrast in the first hyper-polarisability (β HRS and β vec) values between the enol and keto forms compare to the electron acceptor (–NO2) group substitution at the same position. The solvent effect also plays a significant role in further improving the first hyper-polarisability value and its switching behaviour between the enol and keto forms of NMe2-PBDT. NLO switching contrast between the enol and keto forms of donor/acceptor substituted PBDT is also explained using the electronic features including UV-Vis absorption spectra, HOMO–LUMO electron densities, optical energy gaps, charge transfer contribution etc. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT


These lecture notes accompanied a minicourse on étale cohomology offered by the author at the University of Michigan in the summer of 2017. They are only a preliminary draft and should not be used as a reference.


To study the formaldehyde emission characteristics of methanol gasoline,formaldehyde emissions were tested in the low and the high idle speed conditions on a BYD F6 vehicle.The results indicated that in the temperature of 0 ℃ to 2 ℃,compared with 93# petroleum,formaldehyde emissions of M15 and M25 were almost the same,while formaldehyde emission of M85 increased significantly,and in the temperature of-6 ℃ to-8 ℃,compared with 93# petroleum,formaldehyde emissions of M15,M25 and M85 were exactly the same.Besides,except M15 at 0 ℃ and M85 at 2 ℃,formaldehyde emissions of all fuels at high and low idle speed were same.It could be concluded that idle speed had no relationship with formaldehyde emission.


ABSTRACT Seaweed forms an important element of diet in many parts of the world and has a wide variety of other uses due to its high mineral content. However, while seaweed remains are relatively frequently reported from archaeological contexts, its use in the past in northern Europe is little understood. Over the past two decades, charred remains of Fucus-type seaweed have been recovered from excavations of sites in Scandinavia and the North Atlantic mostly dated from the Iron Age to the Early Medieval period. At some locations charred seaweed appears to be associated with industry, such as the ironworking sites of Vatnsfjörður and Lækjargata 10–12 in Iceland, and the silversmithing site of Sømme in southwestern Norway. At others charred seaweed finds have been variously interpreted as being related to the preservation of food, agriculture, and textile processing. Furthermore, ethnohistoric evidence documents burnt seaweed being used as fertiliser in arable fields, and seaweed ash is also known to have been historically used in glass manufacture. This paper examines how archaeologists can recover, recognise and interpret charred seaweed remains from archaeological sites, with a particular focus on finds from Iceland.


To construct various Virtual Environments (VEs) is essential for geographically dispersed users to real-time interact and roam in various virtual worlds(e.g., virtual city, massively multiuser online games). However, this operation has been hindered by the contradiction between explosively growing 3D contents and relatively slower increasing resources (e.g., bandwidth, CPU resource). This work thus designs a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) based scenes progressive downloading (i.e., P2P 3D streaming) scheme for constructing large scale VE (named as PSVE) efficiently. Main work of this paper is elaborated as follows: determination of downloading priority for all Level of Detail (LoD) pieces of models, discovery and selection a node to distribute required scenes by two strategies respectively. Simulations based on real network conditions are implemented to evaluate the performance of PSVE. The simulation results demonstrate that our work has achieved high performance in terms of streaming quality, overhead and stability, our presented scheme could realize real-time walkthrough in a large scale P2P-DVE even with high churn of nodes.


2020] Objective (s ) : Body mass index (BMI) is one of the major contributors to the spread of non-communicable diseases that it is affected by various factors such as demographic variables and living environment. The aim of this study was to investigate body mass index and its predictors in Rash, Iran. Methods: This was a cross sectional study that performed on 1,000 residents of 5 neighborhoods in Rasht, 2017. Data were collected using a questionnaire including residents' characteristics and living environment indicators derived from the Foxton and Jones Social Capital questionnaire. Every participants' height and weight were measured. Simple and multivariate linear regression using SPSS v.20 was used for data analysis. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the study population was %55.5 and the results showed that age (B = -0.031, P <0.023), not having children (B = -2.466, P <0.001), not having non-communicable diseases (B = -1.016, P<0.003) and duration of residence in residential environment (B = 0.172, P<0.040) were independent predictors of BMI increasing. Conclusions: Due to the high prevalence of obesity and overweight in different age groups, identifying predictive factors in populations with different culture is very important. Indeed, preventive steps should be taken in health's macro


Studying significant network patterns, known as graphlets (or motifs), has been a popular approach to understand the underlying organizing principles of complex networks. Statistical significance is routinely assessed by comparing to null models that randomize the connections while preserving some key aspects of the data. However, in signed networks, capturing both positive (friendly) and negative (hostile) relations, the results have been controversial and also at odds with the classical theory of structural balance. We show that this is largely due to the fact that large-scale signed networks exhibit a poor correlation between the number of positive and negative ties of each node. As a solution, here we propose a null model based on the maximum entropy framework that preserves both the signed degrees and the network topology (STP randomization). With STP randomization the results change qualitatively and most social networks consistently satisfy strong structural balance, both at the level of triangles and larger graphlets. We propose a potential underlying mechanism of the observed patterns in signed social networks and outline further applications of STP randomization.


In an article on the diseases of young lambs, Hadleigh Marsh' states:-"In certain sheep-growing areas there is excessive dirt-eating, which results in some lamb loss due to dirt and wool impaction in the abomasum. The condition has been theoretically ascribed to a deficiency of calcium phosphate in the diet of the ewe. Clinical experience has shown that feeding bone-meal to the ewes, in their salt, has in some cases prevented excessive dirt-eating by the lambs." In British Columbia earth-eating by lambs has been reported from certain ranges in the dry interior of the province. The condition is said to be getting more common, and it is more noticeable some years than others. Most cases occur on short grass range, such as June grass. Ranges that carry lots of weeds such as false sunflowers (Balsam-orhiza sagittata) are not likely to be affected. Trouble occurs when the ranges are eaten-down too closely. In fatal cases the stomach may contain several pounds of earth. The animals affected are lambs from two to six weeks of age, and are said to be the biggest and most vigorous in the band. The mortality rate is not high. One ranch with 4000 lambs estimates a loss of 1.25%o from earth-eating, but another with only 1000 lambs reports a 5%S/ loss. blood


Abstract Heifetz, Ronald A., and Marty Linsky Leadership on the Line: Staying Alive Through the Dangers of Leading Boston: Harvard Business School Press 2002, 252 pp. ISBN 1-57851-437-1 (paper) $27.50.


The isolation an structural elucidation of β-D- glucopyranose 1,2,6- tris (pyrrole-2-carboxylate) ( buprestin A) (1) and β-D- glucopyranose 6- (4-hydroxybenzoate) 1,2-bis(pyrrole-2-carboxylate) ( buprestin B) (3), bitter principles of beetles of the family Buprestidae , are reported.


The article analyzes the regional policy of the European Union and the problems of regionalization through the prism of modern theoretical provisions about the region and identifying its place in the existing system of international relations; shows the EU's practical steps to assert its role as an independent actor in the world arena. Attention is focused on the impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the processes of globalization, on the key principles of which ‒ the free movement of people and goods ‒ were dealt a noticeable blow. The pandemic has intensified the processes of regionalization, the strengthening of which occurred as a natural response to the challenge. The author of the article analyzes the problems of regionalism through the prism of a collective monograph by well-known experts on regionalism and international relations E.B. Mikhailenko and V. I. Mikhailenko "European Union's Foreign Policy in the XXI century. European interregionalism", which became a continuation of the scientific research of the authors at the Ural Federal University. The article focuses on such vulnerabilities of the EU's regional policy as poorly formed EU foreign policy identity; dependence in the field of security on the United States; insufficient use of the tools of "hard power" to defend their interests and promote their values and ideals. The still insufficiently meaningful manifestations and consequences of the pandemic have given additional relevance to the monograph, clarifying the origins, difficulties, trends in the implementation of the EU's foreign regional policy, the achievement of interregionalism, its goals and limits


Tensile strength and deformation of cementsoil are important basis for the research of failure mechanism and strength theory and they also impact the cement cracks,deformation and durability of cement-soil structure;shear strength and deformation of cement-soil are very important in the destruction analysis and finite element calculations.Therefore it is necessary to study on the tensile strength,the shear strength and the deformation of the cement-soil.Based on previous experiments,the relations of the tensile strength,shear strength and modulus of elasticity with the compressive strength of the cement-soil are quantitatively studied.These all have important theoretical and practical value.


The programming with parallel tasks leads to task graphs with dependencies representing a parallel program. Scheduling algorithms are employed to find an efficient execution order of the parallel tasks. A large variety of scheduling algorithms exists, including layer-based scheduling algorithms for homogeneous target platforms that build consecutive layers of independent parallel tasks and schedule each layer separately. The resulting schedules leave room for optimization. This article presents an optimization for arbitrary layer-based scheduling algorithms by adding a movement phase which shifts blocks of tasks to previous layer-schedules. Especially, a block identification algorithm is proposed, which identifies suitable blocks of tasks in arbitrary layer-schedules and, thus, allows the application of the movement of blocks to a wide range of layer-based scheduling algorithms. The block identification and the movement algorithm are applied to two scheduling algorithms and show good performance improvements.


• High prostaglandin E 2 concentrations were found in the CSF of women with unipolar depression and character disorder. This finding seemed to be relatively specific; it was not observed in bipolar depressed and psychotic schizophrenic patients.


Contents: Preface A summary of themes The guiding question Suffering and ethical distress The problem of legal meaning The limits of reason in legal interpretation The times of law and religion The tragedy of law and justice Bibliography Indexes.


In the era of advanced technology and digitalization, the use of machine learning makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the recruitment process. This study aims to identify various variables that directly play a role in recruitment. The study also addresses the HR sphere problems and proposes a solution related to the use of machine learning. The research methodology includes an analysis of the characteristics which are dominated by past candidates. The data obtained suggests that machine learning can bring significant benefits to the recruitment process, such as reducing the cost and time for selection, reducing emotional factors, and increasing accuracy. Overall, this study provides valuable insight into the potential of machine learning in recruitment and highlights how it can be used to facilitate the recruitment process.


Introduction: Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a widely accepted term in the medical field around the world. EBP means integrating individual clinical expertise with the best available external clinical evidence from systematic research, thus integrating and ensuring that the right treatment is given to the patient. Aim: This study aims to assess the existing level of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding EBP among dentists in Davangere city, Karnataka, India. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 160 dentists in Davangere city. Pretested questionnaire was distributed to them, of which 117 responded. Descriptive statistics was applied. Results: The response rate was 73.12% (117); among the respondents, 94.8% (111) were aware of EBP and 77% (97) had come across the word at conferences/continuing dental education programmers. When faced with clinical uncertainty, 37% (53) dentists used electronic source with regard to EBP and only 38.5% (45) were aware of evidence-based pyramid. Conclusion: Most of the respondents were aware of the term EBP; however, the level of knowledge is limited. Dentists require adequate training to enable them to practice efficient EBP.